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License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 South Africa
URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/za/

Name and version: NCHLT Clean isiXhosa Text Corpus v2.0

Attribute work to: South African Department of Arts and Culture & Centre for Text Technology (CTexT, North-West University, South Africa)

Attribute work to URL: http://www.nwu.ac.za/ctext 
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<fn>(1124200875720 AM) GEMS_APP(XHOSA).txt</fn>
Funda isikhokelo sesicelo kwiphepha lesi-7 ngocoselelo, njengoko siqulethe iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo, eziza kukunceda ekugcwaliseni ifomu yesicelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Gcwalisa ifomu yesicelo ekwelinye icala lephepha kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uwafakile onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo nokuba utyikityile apho kufuneka ukuba ufake utyikityo lwakho khona.
apho kukho ezinye iinkcukacha malunga noku.
Isicelo sakho siza kulibaziseka ukuba ngaba awuyiniki onke amaxwebhu afunekayo i-GEMS.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo asikwazanga ukuba singaqwalaselwa, i-GEMS iza kuqhagamshelana nawe kwiintsuku ezili-15 emva kokuba isifumene isicelo sakho.
Qinisekisa ukuba usinika onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko nalawo kufuneka ekhaphe isicelo.
Igama lokuqala (libhalwe ngokupheleleyo)Oonobumba bamagama Itayitile (Mnu., Nksk., Nksz.
Nceda ubhekise kwiCandelo B lesikhokelo sesicelo, kwiphepha lesi-7, ukuze uqinisekise ukuba abo bantu unomnqweno wokubatyumba njengabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe bafanelekile ukuba bangatyunjwa kusini na.
Nceda ukhethe ISIBONELELO ESINYE KUPHELA kuluhlu olungezantsi lweentlobo zezibonelelo uze uphawule ngo-x kwibhokisi efanelekileyo.
Abafaki-sicelo abaqeshiweyo: Nceda uchaze umvuzo wakho wenyanga ongekafakwa ezinye iimali. Ukuba ngaba ukwinqanaba lolawulo oluphakathi okanye oluphezulu, nceda uchaze umvuzo wakho wenyanga ongekatsalwa rhafu. Faka iphetshana lomvuzo elineenkcukacha zomvuzo elilelona litsha okanye ileta yokuqeshwa kwakho ukuba ngaba ungumqeshwa omtsha.
Abafaki-zicelo abadla umhlala-phantsi: Nceda uchaze umvuzo wakho wenyanga ongekafakwa ezinye iimali.
Ingaba ulilungu okanye ungumntu oxhomekeke kwilungu lengxowa-mali yonyango ebhalisiweyo?
Ukuba ngaba ulilungu/ungumntu oxhomekeke kwilungu, nceda uqhoboshele isiqinisekiso sobulungu sengxowa-mali yezonyango obukuyo ngaphambili engqina umhla wokugqibela wobulungu (amakhadi obulungu akonelanga). Kumele uqinisekise ukuba ubucimile ubulungu kwingxowa-mali yakho yangaphambili.
Imirhumo yenyanga yabaqeshwa abasebenzayo iyatsalwa emivuzweni yabo apho kufanelekileyo.
Iinkcukacha zokubhankisha: Ziyafuneka ukuze kufakwe iimali ezihlawulwayo zelungu, nokuba kutsalwe iimali ekufuneka zihlawulwe lilungu kwiNgxowa-mali.
Banike abalawuli bezempilo naziphi na iinkcukacha ezifunekayo zolawulo nezamanani, kungachazwa ukuba zezikabani na, kodwa oku kuxhomekeke ekubeni ziphathwe njengemfihlelo ngamaxesha onke ezi nkcukacha.
Kubalulekile ukuba kunikwe i-GEMS kunye na-/abameli bayo imvume yokuba ibonisane kunye no(o)gqirha, nesibhedlele okanye kunye nawuphi na umboneleli wezempilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba lifumana olona nonophelo lunoncedo ilungu.
E Iziqulatho zale fomu ziyinyani, zichanekile kwaye ziphelele. Ukuba ngaba kukho okuthe akwachazwa okanye iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ezingeyonyani, ndiyayiqonda into yokuba ubulungu bam bungacinywa nokuba kungafuneka ukuba ndibuyise imali yeNgxowa-mali, nayo nayiphi na imali ehlawuliweyo ngenxa yokuwasebenzisa ngokungafanelekanga amalungelo okanye izibonelelo zeNgxowa-mali, ebekungafanelekanga ukuba be ihlawulwe, kodwa ilungu lisenokubhena ngokweenkqubo zokubhena.
E Ndiyavuma ukuziqhelanisa nemigaqo yale Ngxowa-mali.
E Abo ndibatyumbileyo ukuba baxhamle kwiimali zam, ngaphandle kweqabane lam lasemtshatweni/kweqabane, baxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci kum, abafumani mvuzo wonyaka ongaphezulu kwesixa sesibonelelo sepenshini karhulumente okanye abaqeshwanga sigxina ngomhla wokutyikitywa kwale fomu.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba iinkcukacha zam kunye nezo zokugula kwam (ezifunyenwe kubanonopheli bezempilo ngemvume yam ecacileyo), ziza kugcinwa ziyimfihlelo.
E Ndiyayiqonda into yokuba impilo yam kunye naleyo yabantu abaxhomekeke kum kunye neenkcukacha zam okanye ezabantu abaxhomekeke kum eziyimfihlelo zisenokusetyenziswa kuphando, njengeenkcukacha zamanani, kulawulo lononophelo nasukuqulunqweni kweengxelo, nokuba nakuphi na ukutyeshelwa koku kusenokuba lulwaphulo lobumfihlelo.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba xa i-GEMS ithe yanomnqweno wokusebenzisa iinkcukacha zam okanye ezabantu abaxhomekeke kum eziyimfihlelo, ngenye indlela ngaphandle kwezi zikhankanyiweyo kwesi sifungo, kufuneka ukuba i-GEMS ifumane enye imvume kum nakubantu abaxhomekeke kum.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba iinkcukacha zam kunye neenkcukacha zempilo yam azizukusetyenziswa kwimicimbo yoshishino okanye yorhwebo.
E Ndiyayiqonda into yokuba i-GEMS ivumile ukuba abantu abathile bangaphakathi kuyo kunye namaqela angaphandle enezivumelwano nawo mabafikelele kwiinkcukacha zamalungu nakwezo ziphathelele kwimpilo yawo.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba i-GEMS kunye namaqela angaphandle enezivumelwano nawo baza kusebenzisa iinkcukacha zonyango/zempilo/zokuxilongwa/zeenkqubo ezinekezelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwezi zinto zilandelayo - ukuqwalaselwa kwefomu yesicelo sobulungu, intlawulo yamabango, ukubalwa kwezibonelelo zamalungu kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lomngcipheko.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba i-GEMS ingene kwizivumelwano zobumfihlelo nawo onke amaqela angaphandle asetyenziswayo afikelelayo kwiinkcukacha zabantu abonyulwe njengabanelungelo lokuxhamla kwiimali zam, ngenxa yokuba ihambisa kwaye ilawula iinkcukacha, ngenxa yolawulo okanye ngenxa yamalungelo ononophelo ewalawulayo.
E Ndiyayiqonda into yokuba bonke abasebenzi abangaphakathi kwi-GEMS kunye namaqela angaphandle asetyenziswayo abophelelekile ngenxa yezivumelwano zobumfihlelo zangaphakathi.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba i-GEMS iza kuqinisekisa ukuba akhona amanyathelo awoneleyo okhuseleko lweenkcukacha.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba xa kuthe kwadizwa iinkcukacha eziyimfihlelo, i-GEMS ithathela kuyo uxanduva loku kwaye oku kuza kuthatyathelwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukulawula oku, ngokweenkqubo zangaphakathi ze-GEMs.
E Ndiyathembisa ukuba ndiza kuyilandela imigaqo neenkqubo ze-GEMS, baza kwenza njalo nabo baxhomekeke kum.
E Apha ndigunyazisa i-GEMS ngokupheleleyo ukuba iphumeze ukuhlawulwa kwemirhumo yenyanga kwangoko emva komhla wokujoyina.
E andililo ilungu lenye iingxowa-mali yezonyango, ngokunjalo nabo baxhomekeke kum.
zokuguquka kwesimo eso.
E Ndiza kuyazisa i-GEMS kwiiyure ezingama-48 ubuncinane phambi kokuba ndilaliselwe ukugula okungangxamisekanga esibhedlele. Ndiyavuma ukuba xa ndithe ndasilela ekukwenzeni oku, kumele ukuba ndihlawule inxalenye yemali yasesibhedlele ngokwam.
E Ndiyavuma ukuba iNgxowa-mali/abameli bayo baza kuhlawula amabango abawabona esemthethweni ngokwemigaqo yeNgxowa-mali.
E Imigaqo iza kusebenza ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye ndiyayamkela into yokuba iileta, izigidimi zeendaba kunye neencwadana azithathi ndawo yemigaqo yeNgxowa-mali.
E Ndiyavuma ukuba zonke iincoko eziphakathi kwam neNgxowa-mali okanye amaqela ayo agunyazisiweyo ngezivumelwano zingarekhodwa.
E Iinkcukacha zelungu nezonyango (ezifunyenwe kubaboneleli bezempilo ngemvume ecacileyo yelungu) ziza kugcinwa njengemfihlelo.
E Iinkcukacha zelungu (ezelungu buqu nezempilo yalo) azizukusetyenziselwa iinkqubo zoshishino zenkampani okanye zithengiswe kurhwebo.
E akhona amanyathelo okukhusela iinkcukacha.
E Iyabanika abantu abathile bangaphakathi kunye namaqela athile enezivumelwano nawo imvume yokufikelela kwiinkcukacha zamalungu engxowa-mali kunye nezempilo yawo.
E INgxowa-mali kunye namaqela enezivumelwano nawo aza kusebenzisa iinkcukacha zonyango/ empilo/zokuxilongwa/zeenkqubo ezinekezelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwezi zinto zilandelayo - ukuqwalaselwa kwefomu yesicelo sobulungu, intlawulo yamabango, ukubalwa kwezibonelelo zamalungu kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lomngcipheko.
E Bonke abasebenzi abangaphakathi kwiNgxowa-mali kunye namaqela angaphandle asetyenziswayo abophelelekile ngenxa yezivumelwano zobumfihlelo zangaphakathi.
E I-GEMS iqinisekile ukuba ingene kwizivumelwano zobumfihlelo nawo onke amaqela angaphandle ewasebenzisayo nafikelelayo kwiinkcukacha zabantu abonyulwe njengabanelungelo lokuxhamla kwiimali zelungu, ngenxa yokuba ehambisa kwaye elawula iinkcukacha, ngenxa yolawulo okanye ngenxa yamalungelo ononophelo ewalawulayo.
E Xa kuthe kwadizwa iinkcukacha eziyimfihlelo, iNgxowa-mali ithathela kuyo uxanduva lwako oku kwaye oku kuza kuthatyathelwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukulawula, ngokweenkqubo zangaphakathi zeNgxowa-mali.
Uyacelwa ukuba ungasithumeli esi sikhokelo xa uthumela ifomu yakho yesicelo egcwalisiweyo.
Ikopi yesazisi selungu eliyintloko.
Iphetshana lomvuzo elineenkcukacha ezizezona zintsha okanye ileta yokuqeshwa kwakho.
Iifomu u-M2 no-Z583, ukuba ngaba ungumntu odla umhlala-phantsi kwaye/okanye ungumqeshwa karhulumente.
Ileta yesiqinisekiso senkxaso-mali yeCandelo loLawulo-mali likaZwelonke, ukuba ngaba ikhona.
Isiqinisekiso sobulungu sengxowa-mali obulilungu layo ngaphambili, nesichaza umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu.
Utyikityo lwakho apho kuyimfuneko (amaCandelo H, I no-J).
ICANDELO A: IINKCUKACHA ZELUNGUKunyanzelekile ukuba kugcwaliswe zonke iinkcukacha kwi-Candelo A, apho kufanelekileyo.
INombolo yakho ye-Persal iyafumaneka kwiphetshana elibonisa iinkcukacha zomvuzo wakho. Abadla umhlala-phantsi: Nceda unikeze inombolo yakho yoMhlala-phantsi ebhalwe kwimbalelwano yakho okanye kwiSiqinisekiso soMhlala-phantsi esiphuma kwiCandelo loLawulo-mali.
Nceda uchaze igama loMqeshi wakho okuqeshileyo ngoku kunye nekhowudi yombutho. Ikhowudi yakho yombutho iyafumaneka kwiphetshana elichaza iinkcukacha zomvuzo wakho, ukuba ngaba ungumqeshwa karhulumente.
Nceda ugcwalise iinkcukacha zabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe kwiCandelo B le fomu yokufaka isicelo.
akukho bantu baxhomekeke kuwe banelungelo lokuba ngamalungu, ngaphandle kwabo badweliswe kule theyibhile ingezantsi.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, okanye Qaphela: Ukuba ngaba ngumtshato wesiNtu umtshato wenu, kufuneka ubungqina obufungelweyo belungu, obungqina uxanduva lwalo kwiqabane lalo lomtshato.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nekopi yoxanduva lwezomthetho lokubonelela ngenkxaso yezonyango ngokwesivumelwano soqhawulo-mtshato.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo.
Ukuba ngaba umntwana ukhubazekile ngokwasengqondweni okanye emzimbeni: kufuneka ubungqina bokukhubazeka obuvela kugqirha (ingxelo -yokuhlolwa mayigcwaliswe nguGqirha) kunyenengxelo efungelweyo yelungu engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini.
ukuba ngaba umntwana akangomfundi okanye akakhubazekanga: ingxelo efungelweyo yelungu engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nengxelo efungelweyo yelungu engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini kwabo batyunjwe njengabanokuxhamla kwiimali zelungu. Qaphela: umzali ngokomtshato umakhulu/utatomkhulu ngokomtshato, bangabhaliswa kuphela ukuba ngaba iqabane lasemtshatweni libhalisiwe nalo njengomntu onokuxhamla kwiimali zelungu.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nengxelo efungelweyo engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini komzukulwana kwilungu.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nengxelo efungelweyo engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini komntakwabo/kodade welungu kwilungu. (ingxelo efungelweyo kumele ukuba igcwaliswe lilungu)Qaphela: Ngumntakwabo/udade welungu eliyiNtloko kuphela onokubhaliswa njengomntu otyunjelwe ukuxhamla kwiimali zelungu.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nengxelo efungelweyo engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini kwabatshana kwilungu. (ingxelo efungelweyo kumele ukuba igcwaliswe lilungu kunye nomntakwabo/udade welungu, apho kufanelekileyo). Qaphela: Ngabantwana bomntakwabo/bodade welungu eliyiNtloko kuphela abanokubhaliswa njengabantu abatyunjelwe ukuxhamla kwiimali zelungu.
E Ukuba ngaba kufuneka ungenise ingxelo efungelweyo kumele ukuba uye kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane kuwe okanye uye nakomphi na umntu ogunyazisiweyo ukuba abe ngumkhomishinala ofungisayo ukuze aqinisekise ukuba iinkcukacha ozinika i-GEMs ziyinyani kwaye zichanekile.
E Thatha ifomu "yengxelo yohlolo lukagqirha (yokukhubazeka)" uyise kugqirha ofanelekileyo uze umcele ukuba ayigcwalise. Imali yokubona ugqirha iza kuhlawulwa ngesibonelelo sokutyelela kwagqirga (GP consultation benefit) samalungu abhalisiweyo. Amalungu angabhaliswanga wona kufuneka ukuba azihlawulelwe ngokwawo indleko yolu tyelelo lakwagqirha.
E Nceda ukhethe ngocoselelo, njengoko ungazukukwazi ukukutshintsha oko ukukhethileyo enyakeni, ngaphandle kokuba ufumane imvume yeBhodi yabaLawuli.
E Izibonelelo zakho zokugula ungalaliswanga esibhedlele kunye nezinye ezihlanganisiweyo ziza kubalwa ukususela kumhla wokujoyina kwakho ukuba ngaba loo mhla awusinguwo umhla woku-1 kuJanuwari. Oku kuthetha ukuba izibonelelo zakho ziza kubalwa zilungelelane nexesha lobulungu bakho elishiyekileyo kuloo nyaka, ukususela kumhla wakho wokujoyina.
E Uza kuba nako ukusitshintsha isibonelelo osikhethileyo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye, siqalise ukusebenza ngomhla wokuqala wonyaka olandelayo.
Kufuneka uwubhale umhla onqwenela ukujoyina i-GEMS ngawo kwiCandelo D lefomu yesicelo.
E Umhla wokwamkelwa kwakho umele ukuba ube ngumhla wokuqala enyangeni.
E apho kunokwenzeka, qinisekisa ukuba umhla wokwamkelwa kwakho kwi-GEMs uwulandela ngqo umhla wokuphuma kwakho kwingxowa-mali obukuyo ngaphambili, njengoko ukuba ngaba kuye kwakho ixesha phakathi kobulungu bakho kule Ngxowa-mali intsha naleyo indala, oku kunganegalelo elingelihlanga kwinkxaso-mali yoMqeshi wakho.
E Ukuba ngaba akubhalwanga mhla, umhla wokubhaliswa kwakho uza kuthathwa njengosuku lokuqala lwenyanga elandelayo, ukuze kungadaleki ukuba ube semva ngemirhumo.
E Ukuba ngaba umhla wokujoyina owukhethileyo ubangela ukuba ube semva ngemirhumo, le mirhumo iza kutsalwa emvuzweni wakho okanye kwi-akhawunti yakho yebhanki (apho kufanelekileyo).
E Kubaqeshwa abatsha, umhla wakho wokubhalisa awukwazi ukuba ube ngaphambili kunalowo wokuqeshwa kwakho.
Abafaki-zicelo abadla umhlala-phantsi: Ncedani nigcwalise ifomu u-M2 no-Z583 engqina inkxaso-mali yeSebe leCandelo loLawulo-mali. Ukuba ngaba unayo ikopi yeleta yeCandelo loLawulo-mali likaZwelonke, nceda uyiqhoboshele kwifomu yesicelo, njengoko iza kunceda ukuba ihambe lula inkqubo yokubhalisa.
Abafaki-zicelo abaqeshiweyo: Ncedani nichaze umvuzo wenu wenyanga ongekafakwa zibonelelo. Ukuba ngaba ukwinqanaba lolawulo oluphakathi okanye lwabalawuli abaphezulu, nceda uchaze iphakeji yakho ekungekatsalwa rhafu kuyo. Nceda ufake iphetshana elibonisa umvuzo wakho elilelona litsha okanye ileta yokuqeshwa kwakho ukuba ngaba unguMqeshwa omtsha.
Nceda uqhoboshele isiqinisekiso sobulungu esibonisa umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu kwingxowa-mali yezonyango yakho yangaphambili.
E Umthetho umisela ukuba awuvumelekanga wena okanye abo baxhomekeke kuwe ukuba babhaliswe kwiingxowa-mali zezonyango ezimbini ngaxeshanye.
E Nceda uqhagamshelane nengxowa-mali yakho yezonyango yangaphambili uze ubacele ukuba bakunike isiqinisekiso sobulungu esibonisa umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu, njengobungqina bobulungu bakho.
E Nceda uqaphele into yokuba, ukuba ngaba isiqinisekiso sakho sobulungu asiwuchazi umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu bakho, asizukukwazi ukusisebenzisa. Ungalibali ukugcwalisa nokuthumela ileta yokuyeka kwakho ebonisa ukuphelelwa kobulungu bakho kwingxowa-mali yezonyango yangaphambili, ukuba ngaba awukakwenzi oku.
E Ukuba ngaba awukwazi ukusifumana esi siqinisekiso sobulungu, siza kuyamkela ileta echaza ukuphelelwa kobulungu bakho njengobungqina bokurhoxa kwakho kuyo, ukuba ngaba le leta ibhalwe kwiphepha elineenkcukacha ezisemthethweni zeNgxowa-mali.
E Ukuba ngaba ufumanisa ingxaki ekuyekiseni ukutsalwa kwemirhumo yakho emvuzweni wakho yingxowa-mali yezonyango yakho yangaphambili, nceda ucele iCandelo lezabaSebenzi ukuba likurhoxise ngokwalo, okanye ukuba awukwenzi oku, i-GEMS ayizukukwazi ukutsala imali yomrhumo wakho emvuzweni wakho.
Nceda uqinisekise ukuba uyawafunda ngocoselelo la macandelo phambi kokuba utyikitye kwifomu yakho yesicelo.
Ncedani niqaphele: Ifomu yakho yesicelo azikuqwalaselwa ukuba ngaba awuyityikityanga.
I-GEMS ibonelela ngezibonelelo zamayeza ezifo ezondeleyo kuwo onke amalungu. Ukuze ube nelungelo lokusebenzisa amayeza ezifo ezondeleyo, kumele ukuba ubhalise kwinkqubo yamayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo, emva kokuba ufumene imbalelwano ekwazisayo ukuba ulilungu elibhalisweyo le-GEMs.
E Amayeza ezifo ezibeka ubomi emngciphekweni, ezifana nesifo seswekile (diabetes);E amayeza asetyenziswa okoko ukunyanga izigulo ezondeleyo nezikhubazayo awuchaphazelayo kakhulu umsebenzi kunye nomgangatho wempilo yomntu; kunyeE Namayeza abiza kakhulu exeshana, aza kuthintela olunye unyango olubiza kakhulu, olufana nokulaliswa esibhedlele.
Iqela lezonyango liza kuthi liziphonononge iinkcukacha zakho, kwaye ukuba ikhona imfuneko liza kuqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho (ngomnxeba okanye limbhalele) ukuze likhethe awona mayeza afanelekileyo kunye na-/okanye awona angabizi kakhulu. Uza kuthunyelelwa i-SMS ngokuqhubekayo malunga nesicelo sakho (ukufunyanwa nokwamkelwa kwaso). Ukuqwalaselwa kwesicelo sakho kuza kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezisixhenxe.
E Kufuneka kugcwaliswe ifomu eyahlukileyo ngelungu ngalinye losapho elidinga amayeza ezigulo ezondeleyo.E Gcina ikopi yefomu yakho egcwalisiweyo ukuze ube nayo kwiirekhodi zakho.E Qhoboshela uthotho lohlolo olwenziweyo oluxhasa isicelo/uphando olukhethekileyo oluqhutyiweyo kunye neengxelo ezithethelelayo (xa kufuneka oku) ukuze kuthintelwe ukulibaziseka kokuqwalaselwa kwesicelo sakho.
sakube samkelwe isicelo sakho, uza kufumana ileta yogunyaziso edwelisa uluhlu lwamayeza aza kuhlawulelwa sisiBonelelo sakho samaYeza eZifo eZondleleyo. Le leta iza kuchaza ukuba ngawaphi amayeza akuluhlu oluvunyiweyo lwamaxabiso amayeza (Medicine Price List - MPL) kunye nalawo mayeza aza kuba nenxalenye yemali ehlawulwa lilungu. ayafumaneka amanye amayeza anokusetyenziswa, angazukuba nanxalenye yemali ihlawulelwa lilungu. Nceda uxoxe nogqirha wakho okukhuphela umyalelo wamayeza malunga namanye amayeza anokusetyenziswa, ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuphepha ukuhlawula inxalenye yexabiso lala mayeza. Ukuba ngaba amayeza agunyazisiweyo ohlukile kumayeza ebeceliwe, kuza kufakwa ileta ekucacisayo oku ikhaphe ileta yakho yogunyaziso, ze kuthunyelwe ikopi kugqirha obekukhuphele incwadana yomyalelo wamayeza.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo sakho asivunywanga, uza kuthunyelelwa ileta ze kuthunyelwe ikopi nakugqirha wakho obekukhuphele umyalelo wamayeza. Ukuba ngaba kufuneka ezinye iinkcukacha zonyango, isicelo sakho siza kuphinda siqwalaselwe zakube zifunyenwe zonke iinkcukacha kugqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho angatsalela umnxeba kwa-0860 100 608 xa efuna uncedo.
Emva kokuba iqwalaselwe ifomu yakho yesicelo, uza kufumana i-SMS eqinisekisayo ukuba sifunyenwe isicelo sakho. Uza kuchazelwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuba kufuneka amanye amaxwebhu ukuze kugqityezelwe ukubhaliswa kwesicelo sakho.
Emva kokuba luqukunjelwe ubhaliso lwefomu yakho yesicelo, kuza kuthunyelwa iphakeji yelungu enamakhadi obulungu kunye nesikhokelo esineenkcukacha ezibanzi ngobulungu, kwidilesi yakho yeposi.
<fn>(1282009112600 AM) xhosa.txt</fn>
Sifikelele esiphelweni sobusika obude, apho siye savavanywa khona ngamaqondo obushushu abanda ngokugqithisileyo ase-Highveld, iinkqwithelo ziye zazenzela eKoloni yaye intsholongwane entsha yomkhuhlane iye yenza ukuba abantu babaleke ukuba bayokufuna ukhathalelo lwezonyango.
Ukusukela ekuqalweni kwayo i-GEMS ngokuqinisekileyo ilizalisekisile igunya layo lokolula ufikeleleko, izibonelelo zokhathalelo lwezempilo ezisemgangathweni kubasebenzi bakarhulumente.
Siye sagcinwa sifudumele kwakhona kobu busika ziincwadi ezininzi ezichukumisayo ezifunyenwe zivela kumalungu elizweni jikelele njengenxalenye yokhuphiswano lwe- GEMS Sisonke. Enkosi kakhulu ngamabali amnandi kangaka enabelene nathi ngawo. Iincwadi ezifudumezayo esizifumeneyo zibubungqina bokuba i-GEMS inendima enkulu ekufuneka iyidlalile ngokuphathele ngokuba sempilweni ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokuphumla ngokwasengqondweni kwamalungu wayo. Kuhle ukuyazi ukuba i-GEMS iya kuhlala ikhona kumalungu wayo xa eyifuna. Sizimisele ukwabelana nani ngamanye ala mabali kushicilelo lwexesha elizayo le-facets.
Abaphumeleleyo kukhuphiswano lwe-GEMS Sisonke babhengezwe ngasekupheleni kweli phetshana lamalungu. Ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha, mandivuyisane nabo baphumeleleyo kukhuphiswano kunye nelungu ngalinye eliye lathabatha inxaxheba.
Ubusika buhlala bulandelwa bubutsha obudlamkisayo nobomi bentlakohlaza! Kukobu "butsha bobomi" apho ndivuyayo ukuzisa kumalungu ushicilelo lwekota yesithathu ye-facets.
Ukuphila ne-ugawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe ngumba wabucala kakhulu kwaye ukuzixhobisa wena akufuni ukuba wena wenze umceli mngeni wobuqu ibe ngokawonke-wonke. Okuchasene noko, idabi lakho elichasene ne-ugawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe linokuhlala liyimfihlo ngangoko ufuna ukuba kube njalo.
U-Eunice , utitshalakazi, wafumanisa ngesimo sakhe kwiminyaka esixhenxe eyadlulayo emva kokuba ethathe isigqibo sokuba avavanywe emveni kokuba kusweleke elinye ilungu losapho kwakhona. "Eyona nto inzima kukuzazi isimo sakho. Ukubhalisa kwinkqubo yoLawulo lweSifo se-Intsholongwane kagawulayo ye-GEMS, elawulwa yi-AfA, kwathetha ukuba ndiya kukhokelwa ndize ndicetyiswe ngoogqirha abaqinisekisiweyo kwaye ndiyakuba nakho ukufumana isiqabu."
Ngaphandle kokugula okanye iziphumo zesi, sifo ikhona indlela ongaphumelela ngayo. "Ndadigula kwaye ndidiniwe kukuba phantsi koxinezelelo ngenxa yaso," utshilo u-Eunice, "Ndandingalali ebusuku kuba ndandikhathazekile. Ndaza ekugqibeleni ndabhalisa kwinkqubo ye-AfA, babenomonde kakhulu kwaye beqonda. Bandicacisela ngokuba ukuba ne-Intsholongwane kagawulayo uze ungasebenzisi naliphi na iyeza, xa kuyimfuneko, kufana nokushiya iifestile kunye neminyango yendlu yakho zingatshixwanga ngeli xesha usazi ukuba abagqekezi bayeza. Kwandivuyisa ukuba ndithathe isigqibo sokuthatha uxanduva, nangona ndisazi ukuba ayiyompazamo yam ukuba ndibe ne-Intsholongwane kagawulayo."
Baninzi abantu, abanjengo-Eunice, abagqibe ekubeni bathathele kubo uxanduva lokuba ubomi babo babuphile luhlobo luni na kuba bengafuni ukuba i-Intsholongwane kagawulayo ibe yiyo ethatha unobangela wokusweleka kwabo. I-AfA inikezela ngazo zonke iinkonzo zonyango oya kuzidinga. Ikwakunika nolwazi loncedo olumalunga nesifo osenokuba awulwazi. USifiso , umabhalana kwezolawulo, wafumanisa ukuba i-AfA yamnceda ukubuyisela impilo yakhe phantsi kolawulo lwakhe. "Baye bandazisa ku"Phila ngeThemba" okwandibonisa ukuba ndibuphile njani na ubomi bam obutsha. Kukho ulwazi olumalunga nokuba ndizigcina njani na izinto zam zicocekile kunye nokuhlamba imifuno kunye neziqhamo zam ukuze ndingafumani usuleleko lwentsholongwane. Kwakhona bandixelela ukuba kokuphi na ukutya okulungileyo ukuba ndingkutya kwanokuba kufanele ndizilolonge ndilale kangakanani na. Phofu, ndiziva ndingcono ngoku kunangaphambili. Kuyamangalisa, ndiva ngathi ndibuqala ngokutsha ubomi bam."
INkqubo yoLawulo lweSifo se-Intsholongwane kagawulayo ye-GEMS, elawulwa yi-AfA, inceda u-Eunice noSifiso ukuba bazixhobise bona ngokwabo, ngelixesha isikimu sihoyene nabo bonke obunye ubucukubhede. Unyango luhlolwa ngononophelo narhoqo ukuze kuphunyezwe iziphumo ezigqwesileyo. Oogqirha kunye nabasebenzi baselebhu baqinisekisa ukuba isigulane ngasinye sisebenzisa amayeza afanelekileyo ukuze ubomi bazo buqhube njengesiqhelo. Isigulane ngasinye sifumana intetho ntuthuzelo efanelekileyo, njengoko impilo yabo ngokwasemoyeni nangokwasengqondweni ingabalulekanga nje kubo kuphela kodwa ibaluleke nakwabo babathandayo. Phambi kokuba ndibhalise kwinkqubo ye-AfA ndandihlala ndikhathazekile kuba ndandisazi ukuba ndine-Intsholongwane kagawulayo kwaye usapho lwam lwalubona ukuba ndiphantsi koxinezelelo. Kwakungathi kukho ilifu elimnyama elijinga phezu kwendlu kwaye ndandinemvakalelo yokuba kungenxa yam. Ngoku ndikwii-ART izinto zibonakala zinjengesiqhelo kwakhona ekhaya. Kakade kwakufuneka ukuba ndibutshintshe ubomi bam kancinane nje, kodwa kwakufanelekile oko.
Ukutatazela zange kwanceda mntu ntweni! Endaweni yoko kwenza ukuba izinto zibe mandundu.
Unxibelelwano luye lube mfiliba, intsingiselo ilahleke kuze kwenziwe nezigqibo ezingenabulumko. Le yinto eyenzekayo ngoku elizweni lethu kunye nakwihlabathi lonke ngokubanzi malunga no"mkhuhlane wehagu", "umkhuhlane waseMexico" okanye intsholongwane ye-H1N1, ngaphandle kweenzame ezinyanisekileyo ezenziwa ngabezonyango ukwazisa uluntu ngezinto eziyinyani.
Ngokwe-NICD, kukho izehlo ezininzi zomkhuhlane olingenelela kunomkhuhlane wehagu apha elizweni okwangoku. Isizathu sokuba uxhalabise kangaka umkhuhlane wehagu kukuba ngokulula nje yintsholongwane entsha. Abantu abakho nyulu kuyo njengakwezinye iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane ekudala zikhona, ezo kukudala bahlangana nazo. Nangona kunjalo, njengakumkhuhlane olingenelela, umkhuhlane wehagu kufuneka ungathathwa nje ngokulula.
Umkhuhlane wehagu uneempawu ezifana nezomkhuhlane olingenelela mpawu ezo ezifana necesina, intloko ebuhlungu, usulelo ekuphefumleni, ukukhohlela neempumlo ezivuzayo. Umkhuhlane wehagu ukwahlukile kumkhuhlane olingenelela kwezinye zeempawu zawo; iimeko zobuhlungu besifuba, urhudo nesicefucefu zibhalwe phantsi. Ezinye izigulane zifunyenwe kakhulu zezi mpawu ngeli xesha ezinye, phofu uninzi lwazo, luye lwehlelwe kukugula okungephi.
Ukuba ngaba wehlelwa zezi mpawu zingentla, hamba uyokubonana nogqirha wakho phambi kokuba ubalekele esibhedlele okanye uzame ukuthenga i-oseltamivir (Tamiflu), iyeza lomkhuhlane wehagu. Ngeli xesha abanye oogqirha bemisele i-Tamiflu ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa usulelo, abanye bayavuma ukuba ukusebenzisa iyeza ungaguli ngumkhuhlane wehagu kukubeka kwingozi yexesha elizayo - okukhona ulisebenzisa rhoqo olu hlobo lweyeza, kokukhona iintsholongwane ezininzi ziyakuba nokuxhathisa kulo. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa uye ke ngenene wosulelwa ngumkhuhlane wehagu ube uyifuna ngenene i-Tamiflu, ngeke isebenze ngendlela ebekumele ukuba isebenze ngayo. Kwangaxesha nye, ugqirha olungileyo ngeke acebise khuselo lokufakwa kwesibulala-ntsholongwane kwisigulane, kuba oko kungehlisa amandla ukuchacha kusulelo lwentsholongwane.
I-NICD icebisa ukuba eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuphepha usuleleko lomkhuhlane wehagu kukulandela amanyathelo othintelo aqhelekileyo ngaphezulu kancinane kubungqongqo. Gqalisa ekuhlambeni izandla zakho rhoqo kwaye uzihlambe kakuhle kwaye ube nomdla kwizinto eziselwayo. Kwakhona uthande ukwandisa ukutya izinto ezinovithamin C no-B. Okokugqibela kodwa kungaphelelanga apho, yenza izinto ezifanelekileyo umama wakho ahlala ekuxelela ukuba uzenze: ukunxiba ngokufudumeleyo, ukutya imifuno yakho kunye nokulala ngexesha!
Ingaba uceba ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kungekudala Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuqhuba nobulungu bakho be-GEMS, kufuneka usazise kwisithuba esingangenyanga phambi kokuba ucebe ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi ubuncinane ukuqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo zokhathalelo lwakho lwezempilo ziqhuba zingaphazanyiswanga?
Ukuba ngaba sele unayo ileta evela kuNondyebo weSizwe eqinisekisa isibonelelo senkxaso-mali sakho njengomdli-mhlalaphantsi, nceda uyithumele kuthi nayo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba sisebenza ngesicelo sakho ngokukhawuleza kangangoko.
Funda iimpendulo kwiMibuzo eBuzwa Rhoqo engasezantsi ukufunda ngokuphangaleleyo ngesi sibonelelo sibalulekileyo.
Ithini imida yezibonelelo endinayo kwiinkonzo zamazinyo?
Kuzo zonke iintlobo zokhetho; amalungu anelungelo lokuya kukhuhla nokupolisha kabini ngonyaka (kanye kwiinyanga ezintandathu) oko kuyakuhlawulelwa kumda wezamazinyo osisiseko okanye kwizibonelelo.
Kufuneka ugunyaziso kuqala kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezifuna ukuba ulaliswe okanye uzoliswe ungabikho zingqondweni. Phambi kokuba wenze olu hlobo lonyango, ugqirha wakho wamazinyo kufuneka enze izindululo ezicacisa ukuba oku kuyimfuneko ngokonyango ukuba kusetyenziswe ulaliso okanye isizolisi. Konke ukungeniswa esibhedlele kubaxhamli abangaphezulu kweminyaka esi-8 kufuneka kunikwe amanqakwana ngako ngugqirha wamazinyo onyangayo. Nceda uqinisekise ukuba ufumana ugunyaziso phambi kokuba ulaliswe esibhedlele kwisithuba esingangeeyure ezingama-48 phambi konyango ubuncinane, ngaphandle kokuba yingxakeko.
Kuyakwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndifuna inkonzo yamazinyo ekhethekileyo?
Qhagamshelana ne-GEMS kwa-0860 00 4367 phambi kokuba wenze nayiphi na inkonzo yamazinyo ekhethekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba unezibonelelo ezifumanekayo na kunye nokuba inkqubo leyo iza kuhlawulelwa na. Uyilo lonyango olubhalwe phantsi kunye nengqikelelo yeendleko ezivela kugqirha wakho ziyakunceda ekumiseleni izibonelelo zakho ezikhoyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ingakumbi xa uza kwenza utyando lwamazinyo okanye wenze naluphi na unyango olunxulumene nalo. Lonke unyango lokulungiswa kokungaqhelekanga emazinyweni kufuneka lugunyaziswe kwangaphambili. Ezinye iinkqubo zamazinyo aziyi kuthathelwa ngqalelo ngenxa yemithetho yeSikimu kunye nemigaqo yolawulo lokhathalelo. Umzekelo ukufakelwa kwamazinyo, kukhutshelwa ngaphandle kwiSikimu.
Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abaninzi eMzantsi Afrika banofikelelo kwi-intanethi besebenzisa iiselula zabo kunye neekhompyutha zabo. Yiloo nto ke siye sayila le sayti ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo zekhompyuta ze-GEMS ziyafikeleleka kumalungu wethu ngobuninzi bawo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Fikelela kuzo zonke iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeSikimu ezibalulekileyo.
Ingaba uziva uphantsi koxinezelelo emsebenzini Nangona uxinezelelo luyinxenye eqhelekileyo yezinto zemihla ngemihla, uxinezelelo olugqithisileyo luphazamisana nokusebenza kwakho ngokwaneleyo kwaye luyingozi kwimpilo yakho yasemzimbeni neyasemoyeni?
Zikhathalele wena buqu: Ukuphucula ukuba sempilweni komzimba nomoya wakho kuyakunceda ukoyisa uxinezelelo lwasemsebenzini. Ukuzilolonga, ukutya nokuphila ngokusempilweni kuyimfuneko. Yiphephe imikhwa nezimvo ezimbi: Chonga izimvo ezimbi ezongeza kuxinezelelo lwakho kuze kubekho into oyenzayo ngazo. Kuthatha ixesha. Beka okuza phambili kuqala uze wenze ulungiselelo: Ngqinelanisa ubomi bakho usenza ixesha eloneleyo lemisebenzi yasemsebenzini kunye nemisebenzi engeyiyo eyomsebenzini, kwaye wunikezele kwabanye umsebenzi ukuba unakho. Phucula ubudlelwane emsebenzini: Ubudlelwane obungcono nosebenza nabo bunokukhokelela ekuncipheni koxinezelelo.
Tyela ukuphila: Ungatyi ukutya okungaphezulu kunoko kufunwa ngumzimba wakho. Yitya ukutya okwahluka hlukeneyo: Ukutya okuvela kuwo onke amaqela okutya (iproteni, isitatshi, iikharbohidrate neeminerali) kuyimfuneko. Zama intlanzi, iinathi neziqhamo ongaqhelanga ukuzitya. Ngokuphakathi: Xa usitya ukutya okuneekhalori eziphezulu, khetha ukutya kokuqala okuncinane endaweni yesidlo esikhulu esingundoqo. Yabelana nomhlobo wakho ngokutya kwaye ungafaki i-odolo yayo nantoni na into eninzi ngokugqithisileyo. Yitya iziqhamo, imifuno, iinkozo neembotyi ezininzi: Zama ukuzitya zisentsha kangangoko unokuba nakho. Sela amanzi amaninzi: Uninzi lwethu luye luphile lungenawo amanzi emzimbeni. Zama ukusela iiglasi zamanzi ezi-6 ukuya kwezisi-8 ubuncinane ngosuku.
Musa ukutya kakhulu ukutya okuneswekile, ityuwa kunye nemveliso yeenkozo ezicoliweyo.
NgeeNtsuku zokuHlolwa kweMpilo ze-GEMS ezazibanjwe kumasebe wenu, ukuzilolonga yaba yenye yezinto nina, malungu wethu, enathi nayiqononondisa njengento eningathanda ukuyenza rhoqo. Siyayazi sonke ukuba ukuzilolonga kubalulekile kodwa siyayazi sonke ukuba kunzima ukukuqalisa. Nanga amacebo okukunceda ukuba uqalise kwindlela eya kubuwena obungileyo nobusempilweni.
Yenza nje ngokulula: Ungalindeli okugqithisileyo kuwe! Qala kancinane uze uqhube ngesantya sakho. Ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kakhulu nangokutsaleka kunokukhokelela ekwenzakaleni kwaye unokuziva woyisiwe phambi kokuba ube uqalile. Tsalela umnxeba umhlobo: Ukuzilolonga nomhlobo, eklasini okanye kwiqela kunokukunceda ukuba uzigcine ukhuthele. Kukho uluhlu lokuzilolonga lomntu ngamnye: Nokuba buthini na ubunzima bakho, iminyaka, inqanaba lokulunga, ungalunga! Kukho iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ezivumela abantu abakhubazekileyo, okanye abantu abachacha ekuguleni okanye kutyando ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba ekuzilolongeni. Iyoga nokuqubha zombini zilungile ekuphepheni uxinezelelo kwizihlunu nakumalungu.
Qaphela: La macebo empilo awangeni endaweni yecebo lezempilo olunikwa ngumniki khathalelo wempilo wakho. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe ngokutya nokuphila ngokusempilweni, tsalela umnxeba wokhathalelo lwempilo kwa-0860 00 4367.
Kuyamangalisa ukufumana iincwadi ezininzi kangaka ezikhethekileyo. Siyabulela kuni nonke niye nathatha ixesha lokungenela ukhuphiswano lwe-GEMS Sisonke - enkosi ngokusazisa ukuba senza izinto ezininzi ezinkulu zilunge. Siye sathabatheka zizimvo zenu zokuba i-GEMS inincede njani kangangokuba kube nzima ukukhetha umntu omnye kuphela ophumelele ibhaso kwindawo nganye eyoku-1 neye-2.
Amabhaso wethu amabini Eloku-1 Impela-veki yababini kuqukwa nokuhamba 1 ngenqwelomoya, imoto eqeshiweyo, indawo yokuhlala kwindawo yokuqala nokutya kwiphondo ozikhetheleyo.
USuzan Malindi, umabhalane kwezolawulo waseMafatsane, omntwana wakhe uyintombazana waye watshiswa yidriphu emva kokuzalwa. I-GEMS yaye yahlawula zonke iindleko kwaye "ifana nomyeni wesibini" kuye. Ngelishwa umyeni wakhe waye wamshiya kuba ecinga ngamatyala ekufuneka ukuba awahlawule! Umyalezo kaSuzan oya kuwo wonke umntu ngowokuba wonke umntu ozimanya ne-GEMS kukuba makaphumle onwabele iinkonzo ezinikezelayo!
AbabiniabaPhumeleleamabhaso 2 Elesi-2 usuku olunye lokuphuma kwesibini siyekwenye wethu kwindawo yesi-2 yeendawo zomthombo wempiliso eziphezulu eMzantsi Afrika!
Sithi nisebenzile kwabo baphumeleleyo kukhuphiswano lweSisonke.
ULeon Crause, utitshala waseRobertson, waye wasuswa intlala eqinileyo engquleni yakhe, ukukhutshwa kwedolo kwangoku ukuqokelela loo mabali kufakwe okunye okupheleleyo kwaye wahlaselwa nasisifo sentliziyo! Uya lubulela uncedo, ububele kunye novelwano ukuze nawe ube ngophumeleleyo awalufumana kwiSikimu. I-GEMS yanika yena kunye nosapho lwakhe ukuphumla - hayi kukuba nje yahlawulela yonke kukhuphiswano lonyaka ozayo.
Xa utsalela umnxeba kuMnxeba wezeMpilo unokulindela isikhokelo esisekelwe elwazini malunga nokuba ungaya nini na ekhemisti uyokufuna iyeza elithengwa ekhawuntaleni, ukuba ingaba kufuneka ufumane icebo likagqirha wakho okanye kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka na. Lo mnxeba ukunika ufikelelo olukhawulezileyo kulwazi kunye namacebo ezempilo asimahla, ingakumbi amalungu ahlala kude nogqirha okanye nesibhedlele.
Nceda qaphela: Le nkonzo ayingeni endaweni yoluvo lomniki nkonzo yokhathalelo lwakho lwezempilo.
Kuhlelo lwekota yesibini yee-facets, siye saxela ezi nkonzo zilandelayo eziye zaziswa zokwenza ukuba ubomi bakho bube lula.
INkqubo yokuNxulumene nokuKhulelwa inika amalungu akhulelweyo inkxaso, imfundo kunye namacebo kwibakala ngalinye lokukhulelwa kwawo kunye nangexesha elisemva kokubeleka.
IiNtsuku zokuHlolwa kweMpilo ziza neenkozno zokuhlola kuwe emsebenzini wakho. Le nkonzo yenza ukuba ube nako ukubona iingozi zempilo kwangoko, ukuze ube nakho ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwezifo. Tsalela iSikimu kwa-0860 00 4367 ngolwazi oluthe vetshe.
Indlela esetyenziswa yi-GEMS kubuqhetseba yileyo YOKUNGABUNYAMEZELI TU KWAPHELA. Nceda usincede ekuxeleni ubuqhetseba okanye ukulindeleka kokwenzeka kobuqhetseba obunokuba benziwa namanye amalungu, abaniki nkonzo yokhathalelo lwezempilo okanye abathelelani. Zive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nomnxeba wethu wokuxela ubuqhetseba wasimahla kwaye ungazixeli igama lakho kuwo kwa-0800 21 2202 ukuba ngaba kukho nantoni na oyaziyo nathi ekufuneka siyazile. Ukulwa nobuqhetseba ngumzamo wentsebenziswano yeqela.
Ingaba ubusazi na ukuba akukho namnye eMzantsi Afrika ovumelekileyo ukuba abe lilungu leZikimu zoNcedo loNyango ezibini ngaxesha nye Oku kuchasene nomthetho kwaye kuthathwa njengobuqhetseba. Phambi kokuba ufake isicelo sokuzimanya ne-GEMS okanye esinye isikimu sezonyango, khumbula ukurhoxa kwisikimu sezonyango okuso ngoku?
elinokubizwa ngumniki nkonzo wokhathalelo lwakho lwempilo. Kunokufuneka ukuba uhlawule imali egqithileyo (ukuba ngaba umniki nkonzo ubiza ngaphezulu kwamazinga eSikimu).
Iqhagamshela elikudibanisa kuzo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni liya kuvezwa. Apha ke ungakhetha ukubona incwadi yelungu ngolwimi lwakho. Sele uqalile umsebenzi wokuguqula yonke imbalelwano yeSikimu ngo-2012.
IBhunga labaSebenzi bezeMpilo baseMzantsi Afrika (HPCSA) kutsha nje baye balumkisa uluntu ngothotho lwezipapasho olwenziwa ngabantu abathi bangoogqirha. Nceda uwajonge la maqhetseba, kuba naliphi na ibango elingeniselwe inkonzo engenziwanga ligcisa lezempilo enenombolo yokubhalisa esemthethweni aliyi kuhlawulwa ngu-GEMS. Zikhusele! Nceda ucele ukubona inombolo yobhaliso yalo naliphi na igcisa olithandabuzayo.
Imithetho yeSikimu yamayeza ikhona ukuze ikhusele izibonelelo zakho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iyeza limiselwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye aliyongozi kuwe. Imithetho ayenzelwanga ukwalela wena unyango, amayeza okanye ufikelelo kwizibonelelo zakho. Amanye amayeza anokuba yingozi kwaye ungazibona sowuxhomekeke kuwo ukuba ngaba awasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. Phantsi kwemithetho emitsha yeSikimu inani leepilisi elinemida elimiselwe yona liyakuvunyelwa kwixesha elithile elikhethekileyo, kwaye iindibaniselwano ezithile zamayeza aziyi kubuyekezwa. Le mithetho iya kuqinisekisa ukuba iyeza elimiselweyo nelikhutshelwe wena lifanelekile ngokweminyaka kunye nesini sakho.
Jonga ulwazi lwakho lwezibonelelo zowama-2010 oluza kufika eposini ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
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Ukusukela ekuqalweni kwayo i-GEMS ngokuqinisekileyo ilizalisekisile igunya layo lokolula ufikeleleko, izibonelelo zokhathalelo lwezempilo ezisemgangathweni kubasebenzi bakarhulumente.
Siye sagcinwa sifudumele kwakhona kobu busika ziincwadi ezininzi ezichukumisayo ezifunyenwe kumalungu elizweni jikelele njengenxalenye yokhuphiswano lwe- GEMS Sisonke. Enkosi kakhulu ngamabali amnandi kangaka enabelene nathi ngawo. Iincwadi ezifudumezayo esizifumeneyo zibubungqina bokuba i-GEMS inendima enkulu ekufuneka iyidlalile ngokuphathele ngokuba sempilweni ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokuphumla ngokwasengqondweni kwamalungu wayo. Kuhle ukwazi ukuba i-GEMS iya kuhlala ikhona kumalungu wayo xa eyifuna. Sizimisele ukwabelana nani ngamanye ala mabali kushicilelo lwexesha elizayo lefacets.
Abaphumeleleyo kukhuphiswano lwe-GEMS Sisonke babhengezwe ngasekupheleni kweli phetshana lamalungu. Ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha, mandivuyisane nabo baphumeleleyo kukhuphiswano kunye nelungu ngalinye eliye lathabatha inxaxheba.
Ubusika buhlala bulandelwa bubutsha obudlamkisayo nobomi bentlakohlaza! Kukobu "butsha bobomi" apho ndivuyayo ukuzisa kumalungu ushicilelo lwekota yesithathu ye-facets.
Ukuphila ne-ugawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe ngumba wabucala kakhulu kwaye ukuzixhobisa wena akufuni ukuba wena wenze umceli mngeni wobuqu ibe ngokawonke-wonke. Okuchasene noko, idabi lakho elichasene ne-ugawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe linokuhlala liyimfihlo ngangoko ufuna ukuba kube njalo.
U-Eunice , utitshalakazi, wafumanisa ngesimo sakhe kwiminyaka esixhenxe eyadlulayo emva kokuba ethathe isigqibo sokuba avavanywe emveni kokuba kusweleke elinye ilungu losapho kwakhona. "Eyona nto inzima kukuzazi isimo sakho. Ukubhalisa kwinkqubo yoLawulo lweSifo se-Intsholongwane kagawulayo ye-GEMS, elawulwa yi-AfA, kwathetha ukuba ndiya kukhokelwa ndize ndicetyiswe ngoogqirha abaqinisekisiweyo kwaye ndiyakuba nakho ukufumana isiqabu."
Ngaphandle kokugula okanye iziphumo zesi, sifo ikhona indlela ongaphumelela ngayo. "Ndadigula kwaye ndidiniwe kukuba phantsi koxinezelelo ngenxa yaso," utshilo u-Eunice, "Ndandingalali ebusuku kuba ndandikhathazekile. Ndaza ekugqibeleni ndabhalisa kwinkqubo ye-AfA, babenomonde kakhulu kwaye beqonda. Bandicacisela ngokuba ukuba ne-Intsholongwane kagawulayo uze ungasebenzisi naliphi na iyeza, xa kuyimfuneko, kufana nokushiya iifestile kunye neminyango yendlu yakho zingatshixwanga ngeli xesha usazi ukuba abagqekezi bayeza. Kwandivuyisa ukuba ndithathe isigqibo sokuthatha uxanduva, nangona ndisazi ukuba ayiyompazamo yam ukuba ndibe ne-Intsholongwane kagawulayo."
Baninzi abantu, abanjengo-Eunice, abagqibe ekubeni bathathele kubo uxanduva lokuba ubomi babo babuphile luhlobo luni na kuba bengafuni ukuba i-Intsholongwane kagawulayo ibe yiyo ethatha unobangela wokusweleka kwabo. I-AfA inikezela ngazo zonke iinkonzo zonyango oya kuzidinga. Ikwakunika nolwazi loncedo olumalunga nesifo osenokuba awulwazi. USifiso , umabhalana kwezolawulo, wafumanisa ukuba i-AfA yamnceda ukubuyisela impilo yakhe phantsi kolawulo lwakhe. "Baye bandazisa ku"Phila ngeThemba" okwandibonisa ukuba ndibuphile njani na ubomi bam obutsha. Kukho ulwazi olumalunga nokuba ndizigcina njani na izinto zam zicocekile kunye nokuhlamba imifuno kunye neziqhamo zam ukuze ndingafumani usuleleko lwentsholongwane. Kwakhona bandixelela ukuba kokuphi na ukutya okulungileyo ukuba ndingkutya kwanokuba kufanele ndizilolonge ndilale kangakanani na. Phofu, ndiziva ndingcono ngoku kunangaphambili. Kuyamangalisa, ndiva ngathi ndibuqala ngokutsha ubomi bam."
INkqubo yoLawulo lweSifo se-Intsholongwane kagawulayo ye-GEMS, elawulwa yi-AfA, inceda u-Eunice noSifiso ukuba bazixhobise bona ngokwabo, ngelixesha isikimu sihoyene nabo bonke obunye ubucukubhede. Unyango luhlolwa ngononophelo narhoqo ukuze kuphunyezwe iziphumo ezigqwesileyo. Oogqirha kunye nabasebenzi baselebhu baqinisekisa ukuba isigulane ngasinye sisebenzisa amayeza afanelekileyo ukuze ubomi bazo buqhube njengesiqhelo. Isigulane ngasinye sifumana intetho ntuthuzelo efanelekileyo, njengoko impilo yabo ngokwasemoyeni nangokwasengqondweni ingabalulekanga nje kubo kuphela kodwa ibaluleke nakwabo babathandayo. Phambi kokuba ndibhalise kwinkqubo ye-AfA ndandihlala ndikhathazekile kuba ndandisazi ukuba ndine-Intsholongwane kagawulayo kwaye usapho lwam lwalubona ukuba ndiphantsi koxinezelelo. Kwakungathi kukho ilifu elimnyama elijinga phezu kwendlu kwaye ndandinemvakalelo yokuba kungenxa yam. Ngoku ndikwii-ART izinto zibonakala zinjengesiqhelo kwakhona ekhaya. Kakade kwakufuneka ukuba ndibutshintshe ubomi bam kancinane nje, kodwa kwakufanelekile oko.
Ukutatazela zange kwanceda mntu ntweni! Endaweni yoko kwenza ukuba izinto zibe mandundu.
Unxibelelwano luye lube mfiliba, intsingiselo ilahleke kuze kwenziwe nezigqibo ezingenabulumko. Le yinto eyenzekayo ngoku elizweni lethu kunye nakwihlabathi lonke ngokubanzi malunga no"mkhuhlane wehagu", "umkhuhlane waseMexico" okanye intsholongwane ye-H1N1, ngaphandle kweenzame ezinyanisekileyo ezenziwa ngabezonyango ukwazisa uluntu ngezinto eziyinyani.
Ngokwe-NICD, kukho izehlo ezininzi zomkhuhlane olingenelela kunomkhuhlane wehagu apha elizweni okwangoku. Isizathu sokuba uxhalabise kangaka umkhuhlane wehagu kukuba ngokulula nje yintsholongwane entsha. Abantu abakho nyulu kuyo njengakwezinye iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane ekudala zikhona, ezo kukudala bahlangana nazo. Nangona kunjalo, njengakumkhuhlane olingenelela, umkhuhlane wehagu kufuneka ungathathwa nje ngokulula.
Umkhuhlane wehagu uneempawu ezifana nezomkhuhlane olingenelela mpawu ezo ezifana necesina, intloko ebuhlungu, usulelo ekuphefumleni, ukukhohlela neempumlo ezivuzayo. Umkhuhlane wehagu ukwahlukile kumkhuhlane olingenelela kwezinye zeempawu zawo; iimeko zobuhlungu besifuba, urhudo nesicefucefu zibhalwe phantsi. Ezinye izigulane zifunyenwe kakhulu zezi mpawu ngeli xesha ezinye, phofu uninzi lwazo, luye lwehlelwe kukugula okungephi.
Ukuba ngaba wehlelwa zezi mpawu zingentla, hamba uyokubonana nogqirha wakho phambi kokuba ubalekele esibhedlele okanye uzame ukuthenga i-oseltamivir (Tamiflu), iyeza lomkhuhlane wehagu. Ngeli xesha abanye oogqirha bemisele i-Tamiflu ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa usulelo, abanye bayavuma ukuba ukusebenzisa iyeza ungaguli ngumkhuhlane wehagu kukubeka kwingozi yexesha elizayo - okukhona ulisebenzisa rhoqo olu hlobo lweyeza, kokukhona iintsholongwane ezininzi ziyakuba nokuxhathisa kulo. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa uye ke ngenene wosulelwa ngumkhuhlane wehagu ube uyifuna ngenene i-Tamiflu, ngeke isebenze ngendlela ebekumele ukuba isebenze ngayo. Kwangaxesha nye, ugqirha olungileyo ngeke acebise khuselo lokufakwa kwesibulala-ntsholongwane kwisigulane, kuba oko kungehlisa amandla ukuchacha kusulelo lwentsholongwane.
I-NICD icebisa ukuba eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuphepha usuleleko lomkhuhlane wehagu kukulandela amanyathelo othintelo aqhelekileyo ngaphezulu kancinane kubungqongqo. Gqalisa ekuhlambeni izandla zakho rhoqo kwaye uzihlambe kakuhle kwaye ube nomdla kwizinto eziselwayo. Kwakhona uthande ukwandisa ukutya izinto ezinovithamin C no-B. Okokugqibela kodwa kungaphelelanga apho, yenza izinto ezifanelekileyo umama wakho ahlala ekuxelela ukuba uzenze: ukunxiba ngokufudumeleyo, ukutya imifuno yakho kunye nokulala ngexesha!
Ingaba uceba ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kungekudala Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuqhuba nobulungu bakho be-GEMS, kufuneka usazise kwisithuba esingangenyanga phambi kokuba ucebe ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi ubuncinane ukuqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo zokhathalelo lwakho lwezempilo ziqhuba zingaphazanyiswanga?
Ukuba ngaba sele unayo ileta evela kuNondyebo weSizwe eqinisekisa isibonelelo senkxaso-mali sakho njengomdli-mhlalaphantsi, nceda uyithumele kuthi nayo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba sisebenza ngesicelo sakho ngokukhawuleza kangangoko.
Funda iimpendulo kwiMibuzo eBuzwa Rhoqo engasezantsi ukufunda ngokuphangaleleyo ngesi sibonelelo sibalulekileyo.
Ithini imida yezibonelelo endinayo kwiinkonzo zamazinyo?
Kuzo zonke iintlobo zokhetho; amalungu anelungelo lokuya kukhuhla nokupolisha kabini ngonyaka (kanye kwiinyanga ezintandathu) oko kuyakuhlawulelwa kumda wezamazinyo osisiseko okanye kwizibonelelo.
Kufuneka ugunyaziso kuqala kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezifuna ukuba ulaliswe okanye uzoliswe ungabikho zingqondweni. Phambi kokuba wenze olu hlobo lonyango, ugqirha wakho wamazinyo kufuneka enze izindululo ezicacisa ukuba oku kuyimfuneko ngokonyango ukuba kusetyenziswe ulaliso okanye isizolisi. Konke ukungeniswa esibhedlele kubaxhamli abangaphezulu kweminyaka esi-8 kufuneka kunikwe amanqakwana ngako ngugqirha wamazinyo onyangayo. Nceda uqinisekise ukuba ufumana ugunyaziso phambi kokuba ulaliswe esibhedlele kwisithuba esingangeeyure ezingama-48 phambi konyango ubuncinane, ngaphandle kokuba yingxakeko.
Kuyakwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndifuna inkonzo yamazinyo ekhethekileyo?
Qhagamshelana ne-GEMS kwa-0860 00 4367 phambi kokuba wenze nayiphi na inkonzo yamazinyo ekhethekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba unezibonelelo ezifumanekayo na kunye nokuba inkqubo leyo iza kuhlawulelwa na. Uyilo lonyango olubhalwe phantsi kunye nengqikelelo yeendleko ezivela kugqirha wakho ziyakunceda ekumiseleni izibonelelo zakho ezikhoyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ingakumbi xa uza kwenza utyando lwamazinyo okanye wenze naluphi na unyango olunxulumene nalo. Lonke unyango lokulungiswa kokungaqhelekanga emazinyweni kufuneka lugunyaziswe kwangaphambili. Ezinye iinkqubo zamazinyo aziyi kuthathelwa ngqalelo ngenxa yemithetho yeSikimu kunye nemigaqo yolawulo lokhathalelo. Umzekelo ukufakelwa kwamazinyo, kukhutshelwa ngaphandle kwiSikimu.
Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abaninzi eMzantsi Afrika banofikelelo kwi-intanethi besebenzisa iiselula zabo kunye neekhompyutha zabo. Yiloo nto ke siye sayila le sayti ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo zekhompyuta ze-GEMS ziyafikeleleka kumalungu wethu ngobuninzi bawo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Fikelela kuzo zonke iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeSikimu ezibalulekileyo.
Ingaba uziva uphantsi koxinezelelo emsebenzini Nangona uxinezelelo luyinxenye eqhelekileyo yezinto zemihla ngemihla, uxinezelelo olugqithisileyo luphazamisana nokusebenza kwakho ngokwaneleyo kwaye luyingozi kwimpilo yakho yasemzimbeni neyasemoyeni?
Zikhathalele wena buqu: Ukuphucula ukuba sempilweni komzimba nomoya wakho kuyakunceda ukoyisa uxinezelelo lwasemsebenzini. Ukuzilolonga, ukutya nokuphila ngokusempilweni kuyimfuneko. Yiphephe imikhwa nezimvo ezimbi: Chonga izimvo ezimbi ezongeza kuxinezelelo lwakho kuze kubekho into oyenzayo ngazo. Kuthatha ixesha. Beka okuza phambili kuqala uze wenze ulungiselelo: Ngqinelanisa ubomi bakho usenza ixesha eloneleyo lemisebenzi yasemsebenzini kunye nemisebenzi engeyiyo eyomsebenzini, kwaye wunikezele kwabanye umsebenzi ukuba unakho. Phucula ubudlelwane emsebenzini: Ubudlelwane obungcono nosebenza nabo bunokukhokelela ekuncipheni koxinezelelo.
Tyela ukuphila: Ungatyi ukutya okungaphezulu kunoko kufunwa ngumzimba wakho. Yitya ukutya okwahluka hlukeneyo: Ukutya okuvela kuwo onke amaqela okutya (iproteni, isitatshi, iikharbohidrate neeminerali) kuyimfuneko. Zama intlanzi, iinathi neziqhamo ongaqhelanga ukuzitya. Ngokuphakathi: Xa usitya ukutya okuneekhalori eziphezulu, khetha ukutya kokuqala okuncinane endaweni yesidlo esikhulu esingundoqo. Yabelana nomhlobo wakho ngokutya kwaye ungafaki i-odolo yayo nantoni na into eninzi ngokugqithisileyo. Yitya iziqhamo, imifuno, iinkozo neembotyi ezininzi: Zama ukuzitya zisentsha kangangoko unokuba nakho. Sela amanzi amaninzi: Uninzi lwethu luye luphile lungenawo amanzi emzimbeni. Zama ukusela iiglasi zamanzi ezi-6 ukuya kwezisi-8 ubuncinane ngosuku.
Musa ukutya kakhulu ukutya okuneswekile, ityuwa kunye nemveliso yeenkozo ezicoliweyo.
NgeeNtsuku zokuHlolwa kweMpilo ze-GEMS ezazibanjwe kumasebe wenu, ukuzilolonga yaba yenye yezinto nina, malungu wethu, enathi nayiqononondisa njengento eningathanda ukuyenza rhoqo. Siyayazi sonke ukuba ukuzilolonga kubalulekile kodwa siyayazi sonke ukuba kunzima ukukuqalisa. Nanga amacebo okukunceda ukuba uqalise kwindlela eya kubuwena obungileyo nobusempilweni.
Yenza nje ngokulula: Ungalindeli okugqithisileyo kuwe! Qala kancinane uze uqhube ngesantya sakho. Ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kakhulu nangokutsaleka kunokukhokelela ekwenzakaleni kwaye unokuziva woyisiwe phambi kokuba ube uqalile. Tsalela umnxeba umhlobo: Ukuzilolonga nomhlobo, eklasini okanye kwiqela kunokukunceda ukuba uzigcine ukhuthele. Kukho uluhlu lokuzilolonga lomntu ngamnye: Nokuba buthini na ubunzima bakho, iminyaka, inqanaba lokulunga, ungalunga! Kukho iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ezivumela abantu abakhubazekileyo, okanye abantu abachacha ekuguleni okanye kutyando ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba ekuzilolongeni. Iyoga nokuqubha zombini zilungile ekuphepheni uxinezelelo kwizihlunu nakumalungu.
Qaphela: La macebo empilo awangeni endaweni yecebo lezempilo olunikwa ngumniki khathalelo wempilo wakho. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe ngokutya nokuphila ngokusempilweni, tsalela umnxeba wokhathalelo lwempilo kwa-0860 00 4367.
Kuyamangalisa ukufumana iincwadi ezininzi kangaka ezikhethekileyo. Siyabulela kuni nonke niye nathatha ixesha lokungenela ukhuphiswano lwe-GEMS Sisonke - enkosi ngokusazisa ukuba senza izinto ezininzi ezinkulu zilunge. Siye sathabatheka zizimvo zenu zokuba i-GEMS inincede njani kangangokuba kube nzima ukukhetha umntu omnye kuphela ophumelele ibhaso kwindawo nganye eyoku-1 neye-2.
Amabhaso wethu amabini Eloku-1 Impela-veki yababini kuqukwa nokuhamba 1 ngenqwelomoya, imoto eqeshiweyo, indawo yokuhlala kwindawo yokuqala nokutya kwiphondo ozikhetheleyo.
USuzan Malindi, umabhalane kwezolawulo waseMafatsane, omntwana wakhe uyintombazana waye watshiswa yidriphu emva kokuzalwa. I-GEMS yaye yahlawula zonke iindleko kwaye "ifana nomyeni wesibini" kuye. Ngelishwa umyeni wakhe waye wamshiya kuba ecinga ngamatyala ekufuneka ukuba awahlawule! Umyalezo kaSuzan oya kuwo wonke umntu ngowokuba wonke umntu ozimanya ne-GEMS kukuba makaphumle onwabele iinkonzo ezinikezelayo!
AbabiniabaPhumeleleamabhaso 2 Elesi-2 usuku olunye lokuphuma kwesibini siyekwenye wethu kwindawo yesi-2 yeendawo zomthombo wempiliso eziphezulu eMzantsi Afrika!
Sithi nisebenzile kwabo baphumeleleyo kukhuphiswano lweSisonke.
ULeon Crause, utitshala waseRobertson, waye wasuswa intlala eqinileyo engquleni yakhe, ukukhutshwa kwedolo kwangoku ukuqokelela loo mabali kufakwe okunye okupheleleyo kwaye wahlaselwa nasisifo sentliziyo! Uya lubulela uncedo, ububele kunye novelwano ukuze nawe ube ngophumeleleyo awalufumana kwiSikimu. I-GEMS yanika yena kunye nosapho lwakhe ukuphumla - hayi kukuba nje yahlawulela yonke kukhuphiswano lonyaka ozayo.
Xa utsalela umnxeba kuMnxeba wezeMpilo unokulindela isikhokelo esisekelwe elwazini malunga nokuba ungaya nini na ekhemisti uyokufuna iyeza elithengwa ekhawuntaleni, ukuba ingaba kufuneka ufumane icebo likagqirha wakho okanye kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka na. Lo mnxeba ukunika ufikelelo olukhawulezileyo kulwazi kunye namacebo ezempilo asimahla, ingakumbi amalungu ahlala kude nogqirha okanye nesibhedlele.
Nceda qaphela: Le nkonzo ayingeni endaweni yoluvo lomniki nkonzo yokhathalelo lwakho lwezempilo.
Kuhlelo lwekota yesibini yee-facets, siye saxela ezi nkonzo zilandelayo eziye zaziswa zokwenza ukuba ubomi bakho bube lula.
INkqubo yokuNxulumene nokuKhulelwa inika amalungu akhulelweyo inkxaso, imfundo kunye namacebo kwibakala ngalinye lokukhulelwa kwawo kunye nangexesha elisemva kokubeleka.
IiNtsuku zokuHlolwa kweMpilo ziza neenkozno zokuhlola kuwe emsebenzini wakho. Le nkonzo yenza ukuba ube nako ukubona iingozi zempilo kwangoko, ukuze ube nakho ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwezifo. Tsalela iSikimu kwa-0860 00 4367 ngolwazi oluthe vetshe.
Indlela esetyenziswa yi-GEMS kubuqhetseba yileyo YOKUNGABUNYAMEZELI TU KWAPHELA. Nceda usincede ekuxeleni ubuqhetseba okanye ukulindeleka kokwenzeka kobuqhetseba obunokuba benziwa namanye amalungu, abaniki nkonzo yokhathalelo lwezempilo okanye abathelelani. Zive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nomnxeba wethu wokuxela ubuqhetseba wasimahla kwaye ungazixeli igama lakho kuwo kwa-0800 21 2202 ukuba ngaba kukho nantoni na oyaziyo nathi ekufuneka siyazile. Ukulwa nobuqhetseba ngumzamo wentsebenziswano yeqela.
Ingaba ubusazi na ukuba akukho namnye eMzantsi Afrika ovumelekileyo ukuba abe lilungu leZikimu zoNcedo loNyango ezibini ngaxesha nye Oku kuchasene nomthetho kwaye kuthathwa njengobuqhetseba. Phambi kokuba ufake isicelo sokuzimanya ne-GEMS okanye esinye isikimu sezonyango, khumbula ukurhoxa kwisikimu sezonyango okuso ngoku?
elinokubizwa ngumniki nkonzo wokhathalelo lwakho lwempilo. Kunokufuneka ukuba uhlawule imali egqithileyo (ukuba ngaba umniki nkonzo ubiza ngaphezulu kwamazinga eSikimu).
Iqhagamshela elikudibanisa kuzo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni liya kuvezwa. Apha ke ungakhetha ukubona incwadi yelungu ngolwimi lwakho. Sele uqalile umsebenzi wokuguqula yonke imbalelwano yeSikimu ngo-2012.
IBhunga labaSebenzi bezeMpilo baseMzantsi Afrika (HPCSA) kutsha nje baye balumkisa uluntu ngothotho lwezipapasho olwenziwa ngabantu abathi bangoogqirha. Nceda uwajonge la maqhetseba, kuba naliphi na ibango elingeniselwe inkonzo engenziwanga ligcisa lezempilo enenombolo yokubhalisa esemthethweni aliyi kuhlawulwa ngu-GEMS. Zikhusele! Nceda ucele ukubona inombolo yobhaliso yalo naliphi na igcisa olithandabuzayo.
Imithetho yeSikimu yamayeza ikhona ukuze ikhusele izibonelelo zakho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iyeza limiselwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye aliyongozi kuwe. Imithetho ayenzelwanga ukwalela wena unyango, amayeza okanye ufikelelo kwizibonelelo zakho. Amanye amayeza anokuba yingozi kwaye ungazibona sowuxhomekeke kuwo ukuba ngaba awasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. Phantsi kwemithetho emitsha yeSikimu inani leepilisi elinemida elimiselwe yona liyakuvunyelwa kwixesha elithile elikhethekileyo, kwaye iindibaniselwano ezithile zamayeza aziyi kubuyekezwa. Le mithetho iya kuqinisekisa ukuba iyeza elimiselweyo nelikhutshelwe wena lifanelekile ngokweminyaka kunye nesini sakho.
Jonga ulwazi lwakho lwezibonelelo zowama-2010 oluza kufika eposini ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
<fn>(222201095451 AM) xhosa.txt</fn>
U-2009 ibingunyaka owahlukileyo! INgxowa-mali ikhule kakuhle kakhulu yanamalungu a-400 000 yaza ya-inshora abantu aba- 1 000 000. Silindele okunye ukukhula njengokuba nabanye abasebenzi beeNkonzo zoLuntu begqiba kwelokuba bakhethe i-GEMS.
Eli hlelo le-Facets ligcwele lulwazi olubalulekileyo kuwe nakusapho lwakho yaye liquka: Iindaba malunga nezibonelelo ezinomtsalane ze-GEMS zika-2010 kunye nethuba lokutshintsha amacandelo; unxibelelwano olutsha lwababoneleli beeNkonzo be-GEMS luka-2010 noluya kuthatha indawo yonxibelelwano olukhoyo lwe-Prime Cure; amacebo aluncedo okuphepha ukutyeba ngexesha leeholide kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi.
I-GEMS izinikele ekusondezeni ukhathalelo lwempilo ukuze lufikeleleke kuwe. Senza onke amalinge ukunika wena nosapho lwakho ithuba lokufikelela kwezona zibonelelo zokhathalelo lwempilo zilungileyo ngamaxabiso afikelelekayo. Nangona ezoqoqosho zimaxongo, kuyasonwabisa ukunixelela ukuba iintlawulo zemirhumo zika-2010 zinyuke nje nge-0,50% ngaphantsi kunezango-2009. I-avareji yokunyuka kwemirhumo ka-2010 ngu10,8% oqhathaniswa noludwe lophuculo lwezibonelelo olunomtsalane kakhulu. Okubalulekileyo, iintlawulo aziziswanga zodwa koko zikhatshwa kukunyuka kwezibonelelo ngendlela ebonakalayo.
Ixesha leehlolide seligalelekile yaye ngokokuva kwam ingathi eli liza kuba lelona liMNANDI! Imozulu ishushu, iindudumo ziyangxola, uqoqosho luyakhula yaye sonke sisebenze nzima kakhulu ukuze siphile ngo-2009. Kunyanzelekile ukuba sibe nemibhiyozo egcwele kukuhleka nalulonwabo! Ndininqwelela okuhle kuNyaka oMtsha kwaye ndinikhuthaza ukuba nibuyele emsebenzini ngemizimba ephumle kakuhle nedlamkileyo ngo-2010.
I-GEMS ikholo amalungu ayo yaye ngala malungu awenza i-GEMS igqwese!
Njengokuba usazi, icandelo lezibonelelo ngalinye le-GEMS lineetafile zemirhumo exhomekeke emivuzweni ukwandisa amathuba okufikeleleka kwezo zibonelelo zelo candelo kubasebenzi beeNkonzo zoLuntu abafumana imivuzo esezantsi.
neyayifunyenwe ngamalungu ekuqaleni konyaka. Ukuba umvuzo welungu uyenyuka apha phakathi enyakeni, bangazifumana besenyuka kumanqwanqwa emivuzo nto leyo eyakwenza bahlawule imirhumo ethe chatha, sithetha ngokunyuselwa emsebenzini, ukulungiswa kwenqwanqwa lomvuzo, iindleko zokuphila zanyaka le, ukunyuswa komvuzo kwakunye nee-OSD. Ukulungiswa kwemivuzo kukhokelele ekunyukeni kwemirhumo yengxowa-mali yonyango kwiqela lamalungu e-GEMS, kuba olu lungiso lubabeke kwinqwanqwa lemivuzo le-GEMS eliphakamileyo kuneli bebekulo.
Ukulungiswa kwamanqwanqwa emivuzo bekungenxa yokuthotywa kwemilinganiselo yemivuzo ukusuka ku 1-16 ukuya ku 1-12. Phantse ibe ngamalungu angama-10 500 achaphazelekileyo lolu tshintsho yaye kuye kwathunyelwa i-SMS kuloo malungu ukuwazisa ngezi nguqu kwimirhumo yawo kwingxowa-mali yonyango.
I-GEMS sele inesiseko sezibonelelo esaziwayo nesipheleleyo enokusebenzela phezu kwaso kwaye kunzima ukuphucula into esele ibonwa njengepakethe egqwesileyo. Ngokweenqobo zethu zokuba lula nokuba nobuchule, sifumanise iindlela ezimbalwa zokomeleza izibonelelo zethu ngo-2010.
Okutsha: Ngoku kufuneka amalungu e-Sapphire afumane amayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo kubaboneleli beenkonzo abachongiweyo bamayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo eNgxowa-mali, i- Medipost Pharmacy.
Okutsha: Isibonelelo esingapheliyo sokhathalelo lwempilo olusisiseko yinxalenye yeli candelo kubaboneleli beenkonzo abachongiweyo beNgxowa-mali.
Okutsha: Izibonelelo zokulaliswa esibhedlele, oku kuxhomekeke kugunyaziso kuqala nakwimimiselo yoKhathalelo oluLawulwayo.
Okutsha: Isibonelelo seMpilo yeNgqondo siquka ukubona i-psychologist ngaphandle kwesibhedlele, oku kuxhomekeke kwimimiselo epheleleyo yokulala esibhedlele.
Okutsha: Ngoku kufuneka amalungu e-Beryl afumane amayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo kubaboneleli beenkonzo abachongiweyo bamayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo eNgxowa-mali, i- Medipost Pharmacy.
Okutsha: Isibonelelo esingapheliyo sokhathalelo lwempilo olusisiseko yinxalenye yeli candelo kubaboneleli beenkonzo abachongiweyo beNgxowa-mali.
Ukunyuswa kwemivuzo kwanyaka le nokubuyiselwe umva ukuze kuqale kumhla ongaphambili kuqalise ukusebenza ngo-Okthobha ka-2009, nako kubangele amanye amalungu axhumele kwinqwanqwa lemivuzo eliphezulwana nto leyo eye yabangela imirhumo yawo inyuke. Olu tshintsho luye lwabuyiselwa umva ukuze luqale ngoJulayi ka-2009. Angaphezulu kwama-41 000 amalungu aye achaphazeleka koku kunyuswa kwemali. Ukuqaliswa kwezi ntlawulo zibuyiselwe umva kuye kwabangela amanye amalungu abesemva ngemirhumo yawo yengxowa-mali yonyango.
I-GEMS iye yaxhuma kuqala yaza yathethathethana namalungu achaphazelekayo. Nceda ujongisise ingxelo yakho yemirhumo yekota ukuze uyiqonde kakuhle indlela olu tshitsho lwemivuzo enokuba luyichaphazele ngayo imirhumo yakho.
Uninzi lwemirhumo esemva sele iceliwe ngo-Persal. Ukuba ubuchaphazelekile, ungalindela ukutsalelwa eminye imirhumo esemva kumvuzo wakho ukusukela ngoDisemba ka-2009. Kodwa, u-Persal uvumela kutsalwe kuphela imirhumo esemva ukuya kuma kwiinyanga ezintathu. Nawaphi na amanye amatyala amadala kunoku kumele kucelwe i-HR Practitioner yakho ukuba iwenze ngesandla ngenkqubo yokutsala imali esemva i-0189. Oku kuthetha ukuba kungenzeka imali esemva kaJulayi (mhlawumbi neka-Agasti) ayikwazanga ukutsalwa ngo-Persal.
Okutsha: Ukwamkelwa esibhedlele usuku kungasetyenziswa i-PMB akusayi kulinganiselwa. Ummiselo unyuselwe kwi-R10 760.
Okutsha: Iinkonzo zezamazinyo: ezamazinyo zangaphandle kwesibhedlele kwabelwana ngazo nezamazinyo zokulala esibhedlele i-R2 050 ngombonelelwa ngonyaka.
Okutsha: Ukwamkelwa esibhedlele usuku kungasetyenziswa i-PMB akusayi kulinganiselwa. Ummiselo unyuselwe kwi-R10 760.
Okutsha: Amaxwebhu apheleleyo amayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo asebenza ngokwemimiselo nangaphezu kwayo.
Okutsha: Isibonelelo esongeziweyo esiQingqiweyo esingange-R7 000 ngombonelelwa seminyaka emibini. Kukho imimiselo emincinci. Esi sibonelelo songeziweyo sifumaneka kwezi zinto zilandelayo: ezamazinyo ngaphandle kwesibhedlele, ezamehlo, iinkonzo zempilo ezihambelanayo kunye ne-radiology esisiseko.
Isibonelelo sezixhobo zokunyanga nezokuqhaqha siphindaphindwe kabini.
Okutsha: Ukwamkelwa esibhedlele usuku kungasetyenziswa i-PMB akusayi kulinganiselwa. Ummiselo unyuselwe kwi-R10 760.
Isibonelelo sezixhobo zokunyanga nezokuqhaqha siphindaphindwe kabini.
ngento entle kangaka ayizuzileyo. Ukhethe iKapa njengendawo anokuya kuyo.
Iprofayili yesi-2Ibhekisa kuwe ukuba uliLungu eliyiNtloko kwenye ingxowa-mali yonyango kwaye ufumene isibonelelo somqeshi ngomhla wama-30 kuJuni ka-2006 yaye awuzange uthathe ikhefu kwi inshorensi ukusukela ngoko.
Bala umrhumo wakho ngokukhetha umvuzo wakho kunye nenani lababonelelwa bakho kusapho lwakho, abadala nabangabantwana.
IsiBali semiRhumo sidalelwe ukukwenzela lula.
IsiBali sibekwe kwindawo elula njengosingaqhosha ongumfanekiso kwiphepha lasekhaya nalapha ngezantsi kwiphepha ngalinye kule webhusayithi. Sikwafumaneka naphantsi kwemenyu yama"Lungu" ehliswayo ukuba ukhetha ukwenza njalo.
E-GEMS, injongo yethu kukwakha ubudlelwane obomeleleyo kunye noogqirha ezitsha ngoku phakathi koogqirha kunye ne-GEMS. Nceda abakhathalela ababonelelwa bethu abangaphezulu kwesi-1 000 000.
GEMS phambi kokuba usebenzise iinkonzo zakhe ngo-Sifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba ugqirha wakho uhlala engumququzeleli 2010. wokukhathalelwa kwempilo yakho yaye ukunika unyango ngexabiso eliyifaneleyo imali yakho. Ininzi inzuzo ekubonaneni nogqirha okuNxibelelwano lwe-GEMS.
Ugqirha wakho woNxibelelwano lwe-GEMS uvumile ukukhathalela impilo nekhadi lakho elitsha lobulungu. yamalungu e-GEMS ngezinga eliphezulu ebiza iintlawulo ezivunywe yiNgxowa-mali, kwaye angalindeli ukuba uncedisane nengxowa-mali okanye angongezi Ukusukela ngomhla woku-1 kuJanuwari ka-2010 uya iindleko.
Iimfihlelo zamabango zibekwe elubala: Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba amabango akho ahlawulwe Inyathelo 1 Inyathelo 2 Wena okanye umboneleli wakho ngenkonzo yokhathalelo lwempilo ungenisa isicelo samabango.
Ukuthintela iimeko ezinokubangela ungakwazi ukufikelela kwizibonelelo zakho zokhathalelo lwempilo, nantsi inkcazelo elula yenkqubo yokuhlawulwa kwamabango kunye neempazamo ezinokukhokelela ekukhatyweni kwamabango akho. Inyathelo 3 Inyathelo 4 Inyathelo 5 ezinyanisekileyo. I-SMS yokwazisa ngamabango ithunyelwa kwilungu ukuliqinisekisa ukuba isicelo samabango siyasetyenzwa. Isaziso asithethi ukuba amabango ahluwulwe koko sithetha ukuba ayasetyenzwa. Ukuba awuyifumani i-SMS ekwazisayo, nceda utsalele kwa-0860 00 4367 ukuze uvulelwe le nkonzo. Emva kokujongwa kwesicelo samabango, iNgxowa-mali ihlawula amabango ngokwemigaqo yeNgxowa-mali nezibonelelo ezifumanekayo. Amabango ayakuhlawulwa kwixesha elizayo lokwenziwa kweentlawulo.
I-GEMS yenza iintlawulo kabini ngenyanga.
Ndingawangenisa nanini na amabango Amabango angeniswe emva kweenyanga ezine Ngenisa amabango akho kwangexesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba am ndifuna. ukusukela ngemini yonyango "aphelelwe" kwaye ayasetyenzwa yaye ayavunywa.
aya kukhatywa. Kuya kufuneka uzihlawulele iindleko zonyango lwakho.
Ukungenisa amabango sibe isibonelelo Isicelo sakho siya kukhatywa. Qwalasela imali emiselwe isibonelelo sakho kunye nendleko yonyango sakho sonyaka siphelile. olufumanayo. Jonga isicwangciso sezibonelelo zakho ukuze ufumane inkcukacha engaphezulu okanye sebenzisa inkonzo elula yokuJonga iZibonelelo nge-SMS ukuze ubone ukuba zithini izibonelelo zakho ezifumanekayo.
Ukusebenzisa ikhadi lakho lobulungu INgxowa-mali ayisayi kuhlawulela amabango emva Wakube uphumile kwiNgxowa-mali, awunakho ukuphinda ufikelele emva kokuyeka ukuba lilungu le-GEMS. kokuba ilungu liphumile kwi-GEMS. kwizibonelelo obuzinikiwe ngaphambili.
Inxalenye yokuqonda inkqubo yokusebenza amabango ibandakanya ukwazi indawo yokungenisa amabango akho. Qinisekisa ukuba amabango akho angeniswe kwidilesi echanekileyo.
I-GEMS yingxowa-mali yonyango evalelekileyo neyenzelwe abasebenzi beeNkonzo zoLuntu - ngabasebenzi beeNkonzo zoLuntu kuphela abavumelekileyo ukungenela le Ngxowa-mali.
egxothiwe ngenxa yokuziphatha kakubi; okanye engenela enye ingxowa-mali yonyango. Ngokomthetho akukho mntu uvumelekileyo ukuba angenele iingxowa-mali zonyango ezimbini ngexesha elinye.
Ukuba uye waqhubekeka ukusebenzisa ikhadi lakho lobulungu emva kokuba uyekile ukuba lilungu uze uhlawulelwe amabango, kuya kufuneka uyibuyise loo mali xa imihla yakho yokuphuma ibonisiwe kwiifayili zethu. Ungaphuma ngokusifowunela kwa-0860 00 4367 okanye ngokufeksela ileta yokuyeka kwa-0861 00 4367.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngemiyalelo yam yamayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo xa ndiphuma kwi-GEMS?
Ukuhlisa umzimba ayilocebo elihle kuphela xa ufuna ukulinganwa yijini yakho encinci, koko kubalulekile empilweni yakho. Ukuze uhlise umzimba, kumele ube necebo. Ukutsamisa amanqatha kubandakanya ukutshintsha indlela yokuphila, ukukhetha ukutya okusempilweni nokuhlala ushukuma!
Uphando luyabonisa ukuba ukutya isidlo sakusasa esisempilweni yenye yezona zinto zilungileyo onokuzenza ukuba ufuna ukuhlisa iikhilo ezimbalwa. Nanga amanye amacebo okuphepha ukongeza ubunzima bakho usegazini unyaka wonke, kodwa ingakumbi ngexesha leeholide.
Nciphisa inyama ebomvu ekutyeni kwakho uze utye kakhulu inkuku kunye nentlanzi.
Gcada okanye bhaka ukutya kwakho.
Sela amanzi endaweni yeziselo ezineswekile eninzi. Yaye thoba nokusela iziselo ezinotywala.
Sebenzisa ibhotolo/imajarini ngaloo maxesha.
Abanye abantu bakholelwa ekubeni akufuneki batye xa bezama ukuthoba umzimba, kodwa oku yintsomi nje. Ngokophando olwenziweyo ngokuthoba umzimba, ngokutya kaninzi umzimba wakho uyakhawuleza ukusebenzisa ukutya.
Enye indlela yokunyusa indlela umzimba okhawuleza ngayo ukusebenzisa ukutya, kukutya izidlo ezincinci kaninzi kunye namashwamshwam asempilweni (njengamantongomane, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno) xa ulambe kakhulu okanye ubawela ukuhlafuna.
Unomzimba ofanelekileyo = 18.
Utyebile = 25 - 29.
Ukutya okuhlanganiswe kakuhle kudibene nokwenza imithambo imizuzu engama30-40 ubuncinane kathathu ngeveki, yindlela elungileyo onokuqala ngayo leyo. Khetha nawuphi na umsebenzi owuthandayo, nje ukuba uyashukuma.
Ukusukela ngo-2010, i-Medipost Pharmacy iya kuba yi-DSP yokubonelela iimfuno zamalungu e-GEMS zamayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo kuwo ONKE amacandelo ezibonelelo. I-GEMS iya kuhlawula i-100% kuphela kumabango amayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo xa la mayeza ekhona kwixwebhu lamayeza leNgxowa mali nelihambelana necandelo lakho lezibonelelo naxa efunyenwe kwi-DSP, ngokwemimiselo yemigaqo yeNgxowa-mali.
Ukusetyenziswa kwefomu yamabango okuhambela phantsi kokungenisa ifomu yamabango avela phesheya kubhekisa kumabango avela kumalungu angasebenzeli phesheya. Kubhekisa kumalungu enza amabango ngqo kwi-GEMS ngenxa yeendleko zonyango ezenzeke ngeli lixa betyelele phesheya.
Khumbula ukuba into ebalulekileyo ukuze ufikelele kwizibonelelo zakho xa ukwelinye ilizwe isekuqinisekiseni ukuba iifomu zamabango ezichanekileyo zifika kwi-GEMS ngokukhawuleza.
Njengelungu le-GEMS elisebenza phesheya, siyayiqonda into yokuba uneemfuno ezizodwa zokufikelela kwizibonelelo zakho zokhathalelo lwempilo.
Nanga amacebo okulawula amabango akho ukude.
Ukuze woyise lo mqobo, qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa iifomu zamabango ezisesikweni zokuhambela/zaphesheya ze-GEMS ezifumaneka kwa www.gems.gov.za ukwenza amabango akho. Ukungenisa amabango akho ngezinye iifomu kuya kukhokelela kwiNgxowa-mali ifumana inkcazelo engaphelelanga. Oku kungakhokelela ekuhlawulweni kwemali ethotyiweyo okanye ekukhatyweni kwamabango akho.
Xa ungenisa ifomu yamabango uphesheya, nceda uqinisekise ukuba ifomu yakho yamabango igcwalisiwe yaye inika inkcazelo yonyango.
Usuku lukaGawulayo kwiHlabathi liphela lihlaba ikhwelo ekufikeleleni komntu wonke Malunga nabantu abazizigidi ezi-5.7 baphila neNtsholongwane/neSifo sikaGawulayo. Uninzi lwabo ngamakhosikazi, abanye ngoomama abathweleyo, abazakosulela iimveku zabo ngale ntsholongwane. Ngomhla woku-1 kuDisemba ka-2009, ihlabathi libhiyozela uSuku lukaGawulayo kwiHlabathi liphela. Olu suku lukhethekileyo lunikezelwa ekwandiseni ulwazi ngeNtsholongwane/ngeSifo sikaGawulayo. UMxholo walo nyaka "ukufikelela komntu wonke namalungelo oluntu" kubeka uthintelo nokhathalelo elubala njengelungelo loluntu olusisiseko kunye nenkqubela eyenziweyo ukujongana nesi sifo, nekufuneka iqhuqhunjisiwe ngokukhuthaza ukuzinikela kwehlabathi liphela ekufezekiseni injongo yokufikelela komntu wonke.
Ingaba ukuxhomekeka ngokwemali kuthetha ntoni?
Umbonelelwa uxhomekeke ngokwemali xa imivuzo yakhe idibene ingadluli kwimali yoMhlalaphantsi weNtlalo (kaRhulumente).
Umbonelelwa kumele axhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwilungu ukuze afikelele kwi inshorensi kunye nezibonelelo zonyango.
Kukwakho nenkqubo eluncedo yokwazisa ngamabango, apho waziswa nge-SMS xa sifumana amabango akho okanye awomnye wababonelelwa bakho, nto leyo ekunceda wazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngamabango akho.
Qinisekisa ukuba sinenombolo yakho yeselfowuni echanekileyo ukuze sibe nokukwazi ukukuvulela ezi nkonzo.
Ngoku ungacela izinto ezithile ezifana nesatifikethi serhafu okanye iifomu ngokusebenzisa inkonzo eluncedo yokuzinceda ngefowuni iiyure ezingama-24. Ungakwazi nokutshintsha icandelo lakho lezibonelelo kunye neenkcukacha zakho zoqhagamshelwano. Vela nje utsalele kwa-0860 00 4367 uze ulandele imiyalelo yelizwi olivayo.
Nangona sithemba ukuba oku akusayi kuba yimfuneko, licebo elihle ukuhlala ulungele ixesha lonxunguphalo.
phantsi kwabaqhagamshelwa bakho. Le yinombolo yomntu ongathanda ukuba aqhagamshelwe egameni lakho ngexesha lonxunguphalo. Ukuba uneenombolo eziliqela, ungazigcina phantsi ko-ICE 1, ICE 2 njl.njl. Ngamanye amazwi, ungakwazi ukudwelisa umlingane wakho, abazali bakho, isihlobo esisenyongweni okanye ugqirha wakho, kuxhomekeke kuloo meko. Ungagcina nenombolo yonxunguphalo ye-GEMS (u-0800 44 4367) kwiselfowuni yakho ukuze ufikelele lula kwiinkonzo zonyango ngonxunguphalo xa uxakeke nyani.
Linda isiqinisekiso sokufeksa, ingakumbi xa usebenzisa iinkonzo zikawonke-wonke. Isiqinisekiso sefeksi bubungqina bokuba siyifumene ifeksi yakho.
Nceda ukhumbule ukuchaza inombolo yakho yobulungu kulo lonke uthungelwano lwakho ne-GEMS - oku kusenza sikwazi ukufumana iinkcukacha zakho ezichanekileyo msinyane.
<fn>(3172010120432 PM) FINAL MARKETING BROCHURE XHOSA.txt</fn>
Kwakucingwa ngawe xa kwakuqalwa i-GEMS. Siyeyona ngxowa-mali yonyango evalelekileyo inkulu neyenzelwe ukujongana neemfuno zempilo zabasebenzi beeNkonzo zoLuntu kuphela.
Sizinikele ekunikeni onke amalungu ethu kunye neentsapho zawo ithuba lokufikelela kwizibonelelo ezitshiphu nezipheleleyo ngoludwe lwezibonelelo ezikumacandelo ama-5. Oko ilungu lokuqala langenela i-GEMS ngo-2006, siye safumana ukukhula ngendlela engazange yabonwa ngaphambili kwaye akukho nto singayenzanga ukuze sibe yingxowa-mali yonyango egqwesileyo, enentsebenzo nefikelelekayo kubo bonke abasebenzi beeNkonzo zoLuntu.
E-GEMS siyayiqonda imiba yoshishino lwezempilo oluhlala lutshintsha njalo, ngoko ke, njengenxalenye yenkolelo yethu siyayamkela imingeni emitsha nesebenzisayo, siqinisekisa nokuba onke amalungu ayaqukwa yaye akukho mntu ushiywa ngemva.
I-GEMS inikezela ngezibonelelo ezifikelelekayo kumntu wonke!
Wonke umntu angakwazi ukuzibandakanya ne-GEMS, kuba imali oyihlawulela ukuba lilungu lale Ngxowa-mali ixhomekeke kumvuzo wakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba uyakuhlawula ngaphantsi kunomntu onomvuzo ongaphezulu kunowakho ngecandelo lesibonelelo elinye. Ukuba uhlawula kangakanani kukwaxhomekeke kubukhulu bosapho lwakho nokuba ukhethe eliphi na icandelo kula mahlanu.
YeNgxowa-mali ezikhathalele nyani nenengqalelo kwiimfuno zakho - siyamamela xa amalungu ethu ethetha!
Yezibonelelo zokhathalelo lwempilo ezinamaxabiso afikelelekayo.
Yokuba neemfihlelo ngokupheleleyo -iinkcukacha zakho zezempilo ziyakuhlala zigcinwe ziyimfihlelo ngokupheleleyo -nakumqeshi lo wakho.
Yothungelwano namalungu oluthe gqolo.
YeZiko lemiNxeba elinokukunceda nangoluphi na kolunye lweelwimi zoMzantsi Afika ezisesikweni.
Yenkonzo enobuntu nenentsebenzo kwiZiko lethu lemiNxeba nakwii-ofisi zethu zengingqi.
Yee-ofisi zengingqi kweli liphela ukuze ube nokufikelela lula kuncedo nakwiinkonzo.
Yokufikelela kukhathelelo lwempilo oluthe xhaxhe kwiindawo zikarhulumente nezabucala.
YeNkqubo yoLawulo lweSifo ukuze ulawule unyango kunye neendleko zezifo ezingapheliyo.
YeNkqubo yoLawulo lweNtsholongwane/lwesiFo sikaGawulayo ekunika ukhathalelo oluyimfihlelo xa uludinga kakhulu.
Yeenkonzo neenkqubo zokhathalelo lwempilo ezinobuchule njengeNkqubo yezokuBeleka. Iintsuku zokuJonga iMpilo emsebenzini wakho, kwakunye nokunye okuninzi kuludwe lweenkonzo oluqhubeka nokwanda lonke ixesha. Sifuna ukwenza kube lula kuwe ukuhlala usempilweni.
Inyathelo 2: Gcwalisa ifomu - qinisekisa ukuba ugcwalisa onke amacandelo ngokupheleleyo kwaye udibanisa nala maxwebhu ahamba nayo afunwayo jonga: Ngawaphi amaxwebhu ekufuneka ahambe nesicelo sakho?
Ngawaphi amaxwebhu ekufuneka ahambe nesicelo sakho?
I-GEMS ihlala isenza imigudu yokukuphathela ezona zibonelelo zokhathalelo lwempilo zingcono nezona zifanele ipokotho yakho. Ukuze senze oku, siyakwazi ukwenza unyuso lwemirhumo yakho yenyanga luhambelane nokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezonyango. Sizinikele ekukunikeni izinto ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo. Kukho icandelo lezibonelelo elilungele kanye iimfuno zokhathalelo lwempilo yosapho lwakho kunye nepokotho yakho!
Le yimirhumo yanyanga le epheleleyo yaye ayibonisi mirhumo (isabsidi) eyenziwa ngumqeshi. Ukuba ilungu lilungele ukufumana umrhumo ovela kumqeshi, umqeshi uya kuhlawula inxalenye yomrhumo aze umsebenzi ahlawule intsalela. Ubukhulu bomrhumo womqeshi buyakuxhomekeka kubukhulu bosapho yaye bupheleliswa kwi-75% yemirhumo yakho yenyanga, epheleliswa kuma-R2 570.
Ingaba ufuna inkcazelo ethe vetshe?
Tsalela umnxeba kwiZiko lemiNxeba kwa- 0860 00 4367.
<fn>(39201031635 PM) XHOSA SELECTION PACK FINAL.txt</fn>
E-GEMS siyamamela xa amalungu ethetha. Siyazingca ngenqobo yethu yothungelwano olucacileyo kwaye sihlala sicinga ngokwenza imigudu yokuqinisekisa ukuba amacandelo ezibonelelo zethu kunye neenkonzo zethu zibhekisa kwiimfuno zamalungu ethu.
Ndinemincili ngokunazisa ngezibonelelo zika-2010. Kolu luncwadi kukho ulwazi oluthe xhaxhe malunga ne-inshorensi yokhathalelo lwempilo efikelelekayo nenentsebenzo onokuthi wena, njengelungu le-GEMS, ube nokufikelela kuyo ngo-2010. Siyakukhuthaza ukuba ukhethe elona candelo lifanele iimfuno zakho nezosapho lwakho.
U-2009 ibingengonyaka ulula kodwa i-GEMS iye yaqhubeka nokugqwesa. Besinemincili sibhiyozela ukufika kwinqanam loku-inshora abantu abafike kwisigidi esinye, nto leyo ekwenza ube ngokhethekileyo! Le mpumelelo ibeka i-GEMS phambili kushishino lweengxowa-mali zonyango, ngezibonelelo azingadingi kuchazwa. Siyeyona ngxowa-mali ivalelekileyo inkulu apha kweli, nto leyo ekwenza ube yinxalenye yengxowa-mali eyomeleleyo nekhuselekileyo ngokwezemali, nekhathalele iimfuno zakho.
Ukuzingisa kwethu sikhangela ukugqwesa bubungqina bokuzinikela KWETHU kuni, kwiimfuno zokhathalelo lwempilo yenu kunye nakwizinto enizikhethayo. Kwesi salathiso sichaza amacandelo ethu amahlanu afikelelekayo - ukuze sikuncede ukhethe unolwazi lokuba leliphi na icandelo lezibonelelo elilelona lifanele iimfuno zosapho lwakho ngo-2010.
Imirhumo ka-2010 iqala kuma-R424 kwaye sikwazile ukugcina umlinganiselo wokunyuka kwemirhumo kuwo onke amacandelo uyi-10,8% xa udibene. Iitafile zemirhumo ka-2010 zifakiwe kwesi salathiso ukuze ubone kakuhle ukuba ukunyuka kwemirhumo kuyakuyichaphazela njani na ipokotho yakho.
UKUZIKHETHELA. Izibonelelo eziyilelwe ukwenza ube sempilweni ngaphezulu yaye wonwabe ngaphezulu!
Ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye sinika amalungu ethu ithuba lokutshintshela kwelinye icandelo lezibonelelo. Ukuze ukhethe kufuneka ucingisise ngeemfuno zakho zokhathalelo lwempilo, ngezibonelelo ezifumanekayo kwicandelo ngalinye kwakunye nemirhumo yenyanga.
Nceda ucingisise ngale nto kuba uvumeleke ukutshintsha icandelo lakho kube kanye ngonyaka. Ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha icandelo lakho ngo-2010, nceda ulandele la manyathelo mathathu alula alapha ngezantsi. Khumbula ukuba ifomu yakho "Yokuzikhethela" kufuneka ifike kuthi ngomhla okanye phambi komhla wama-30 kuNovemba ka-2009.
Esi salathiso sishwankathela iinkalo ezahlukileyo ze-GEMS. Senzelwe ukujonga izinto ngokukhawuleza kuphela, asenzelwanga ukuthatha indawo yemigaqo yeNgxowa-mali. Ukuba kunokubakho ingxwabangxwaba, kuyakusetyenziswa le migaqo ibhalisiweyo.
<fn>(415201023718 PM) Revised Application Form_Xhosa.txt</fn>
Funda isikhokelo sesicelo ngocoselelo, njengoko siqulethe iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo, eziza kukunceda ekugcwaliseni ifomu yesicelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Gcwalisa ifomu yesicelo ekwelinye icala lephepha kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uwafakile onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo nokuba utyikityile apho kufuneka ukuba ufake utyikityo lwakho khona.
Kumaziko eengingqi onokuya ngeenyawo kuwo: Khangela kwisikhokelo sesicelo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Isicelo sakho siza kulibaziseka ukuba ngaba awuyiniki onke amaxwebhu afunekayo i-GEMS.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo asikwazanga ukuba singaqwalaselwa, i-GEMS iza kuqhagamshelana nawe kwiintsuku ezi-5 emva kokuba isifumene isicelo sakho.
Qinisekisa ukuba usinika onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko nalawo kufuneka ekhaphe isicelo.
Oonobumba bamagama Itayitile Mnu., Nksk., Nksz.
Nceda ubhekise kwiCandelo B lesikhokelo sesicelo, ukuze uqinisekise ukuba abo bantu unomnqweno wokubatyumba njengabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe bafanelekile ukuba bangatyunjwa kusini na. Asisayi kukwazi ukunika ifomu yakho ingqwalaselane ukuba iinkcukacha zakho zeSazisi azifakwanga. Ngoko ke kunyanzelekile ukuba uligcwalise eli candelo apha kwifomu.
Nceda ukhethe ISIBONELELO ESINYE KUPHELA kuluhlu olungezantsi lweentlobo zezibonelelo uze uphawule ngo-X kwibhokisi efanelekileyo.
Abafaki-zicelo abaqeshiweyo: Nceda uchaze umvuzo wakho wenyanga ongekafakwa ezinye iimali. Ukuba ngaba ukwinqanaba lolawulo oluphakathi okanye oluphezulu, nceda uchaze umvuzo wakho wenyanga ongekatsalwa rhafu. Faka iphetshana lomvuzo elineenkcukacha zomvuzo elilelona litsha okanye ileta yokuqeshwa kwakho ukuba ngaba ungumqeshwa omtsha.
Abafaki-zicelo abadla umhlala-phantsi: Nceda uchaze umvuzo wakho wenyanga ongekafakwa ezinye iimali.
Ingaba ulilungu okanye ungumntu oxhomekeke kwilungu lengxowa-mali yonyango ebhalisiweyo?
Ukuba ngaba ulilungu/ungumntu oxhomekeke kwilungu lenye ingxowa-mali, nceda uqhoboshele isiqinisekiso sobulungu sengxowa-mali yezonyango obukuyo ngaphambili engqina umhla wokugqibela wobulungu (amakhadi obulungu akonelanga). Kumele uqinisekise ukuba ubucimile ubulungu kwingxowamali yakho yangaphambili phambi kokuba u-inshorwe yi-GEMS.
Imirhumo yenyanga yabaqeshwa abasebenzayo iyatsalwa emivuzweni yabo apho kufanelekileyo.
Iinkcukacha zokubhankisha: Ziyafuneka ukuze kufakwe iimali ezihlawulwayo zelungu, nokuba kutsalwe iimali ekufuneka zihlawulwe lilungu kwiNgxowa-mali. Asisayi kukwazi ukukubuyisela imali ekufuneka uyifumene ukuba awusinikanga iinkcukacha zebhanki yakho.
Banike abalawuli bezempilo naziphi na iinkcukacha ezifunekayo zolawulo nezamanani, kungachazwa ukuba zezikabani na, kodwa oku kuxhomekeke ekubeni ziphathwe njengemfihlelo ngamaxesha onke ezi nkcukacha.
Kubalulekile ukuba kunikwe i-GEMS kunye na-/abameli bayo imvume yokuba ibonisane kunye no(o)gqirha, nesibhedlele okanye kunye nawuphi na umboneleli wezempilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba lifumana olona nonophelo lunoncedo ilungu.
Iziqulatho zale fomu ziyinyani, zichanekile kwaye ziphelele. Ukuba ngaba kukho okuthe akwachazwa okanye iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ezingeyonyani, ndiyayiqonda into yokuba ubulungu bam bungacinywa nokuba kungafuneka ukuba ndibuyise imali yeNgxowa-mali, nayo nayiphi na imali ehlawuliweyo ngenxa yokuwasebenzisa ngokungafanelekanga amalungelo okanye izibonelelo zeNgxowa-mali, ebekungafanelekanga ukuba ibe ihlawulwe, kodwa ilungu lisenokubhena ngokweenkqubo zokubhena.
Ndiyavuma ukuziqhelanisa nemigaqo yale Ngxowa-mali.
Abo ndibatyumbileyo ukuba baxhamle kwiimali zam, ngaphandle kweqabane lam lasemtshatweni/kweqabane, baxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci kum, abafumani mvuzo wonyaka ongaphezulu kwesixa sesibonelelo sepenshini karhulumente okanye abaqeshwanga sigxina ngomhla wokutyikitywa kwale fomu.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba iinkcukacha zam kunye nezo zokugula kwam (ezifunyenwe kubanonopheli bezempilo ngemvume yam ecacileyo), ziza kugcinwa ziyimfihlelo.
Ndiyayiqonda into yokuba impilo yam kunye naleyo yabantu abaxhomekeke kum kunye neenkcukacha zam okanye ezabantu abaxhomekeke kum eziyimfihlelo zisenokusetyenziswa kuphando, njengeenkcukacha zamanani, kulawulo lononophelo nasekuqulunqweni kweengxelo, nokuba nakuphi na ukutyeshelwa koku kusenokuba lulwaphulo lobumfihlelo.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba xa i-GEMS ithe yanomnqweno wokusebenzisa iinkcukacha zam okanye ezabantu abaxhomekeke kum eziyimfihlelo, ngenye indlela ngaphandle kwezi zikhankanyiweyo kwesi sifungo, kufuneka ukuba i-GEMS ifumane enye imvume kum nakubantu abaxhomekeke kum.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba iinkcukacha zam kunye neenkcukacha zempilo yam azizukusetyenziswa kwimicimbi yoshishino okanye yorhwebo.
Ndiyayiqonda into yokuba i-GEMS ivumile ukuba abantu abathile bangaphakathi kuyo kunye namaqela angaphandle enezivumelwano nawo mabafikelele kwiinkcukacha zamalungu nakwezo ziphathelele kwimpilo yawo.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba i-GEMS kunye namaqela angaphandle enezivumelwano nawo baza kusebenzisa iinkcukacha zonyango/zempilo/zokuxilongwa/zeenkqubo ezinikezelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwezi zinto zilandelayo - ukuqwalaselwa kwefomu yesicelo sobulungu, intlawulo yamabango, ukubalwa kwezibonelelo zamalungu kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lomngcipheko.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba i-GEMS ingene kwizivumelwano zobumfihlelo nawo onke amaqela angaphandle asetyenziswayo afikelelayo kwiinkcukacha zabantu abonyulwe njengabanelungelo lokuxhamla kwiimali zam, ngenxa yokuba ihambisa kwaye ilawula iinkcukacha, ngenxa yolawulo okanye ngenxa yamalungelo ononophelo ewalawulayo.
Ndiyayiqonda into yokuba bonke abasebenzi abangaphakathi kwi-GEMS kunye namaqela angaphandle asetyenziswayo abophelelekile ngenxa yezivumelwano zobumfihlelo zangaphakathi.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba i-GEMS iza kuqinisekisa ukuba akhona amanyathelo awoneleyo okhuseleko lweenkcukacha.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba xa kuthe kwadizwa iinkcukacha eziyimfihlelo, i-GEMS ithathela kuyo uxanduva loku kwaye oku kuza kuthatyathelwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukulawula oku, ngokweenkqubo zangaphakathi ze-GEMS.
Ndiyathembisa ukuba ndiza kuyilandela imigaqo neenkqubo ze-GEMS, baza kwenza njalo nabo baxhomekeke kum.
Apha ndigunyazisa i-GEMS ngokupheleleyo ukuba iphumeze ukuhlawulwa kwemirhumo yenyanga kwangoko emva komhla wokujoyina.
Ndiyavuma ukuba ndiyayazi into yokuba i-GEMS ingaqalisa imisetyenzana yolawulo lwamatyala kum, njengoko kuchaziwa kwimigaqo yeNgxowa-mali, ukuba kunokwenzeka ndiphose iintlawulo zemirhumo okanye nayiphi na imali ekumele ndiyihlawule i-GEMS.
Andililo ilungu lenye iingxowa-mali yezonyango, ngokunjalo nabo baxhomekeke kum.
zokuguquka kwesimo eso.
Ndiza kuyazisa i-GEMS kwiiyure ezingama-48 ubuncinane phambi kokuba ndilaliselwe ukugula okungangxamisekanga esibhedlele. Ndiyavuma ukuba xa ndithe ndasilela ekukwenzeni oku, kumele ukuba ndihlawule inxalenye yemali yasesibhedlele ngokwam.
Ndiyavuma ukuba iNgxowa-mali/abameli bayo baza kuhlawula amabango abawabona esemthethweni ngokwemigaqo yeNgxowa-mali.
Imigaqo iza kusebenza ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye ndiyayamkela into yokuba iileta, izigidimi zeendaba kunye neencwadana azithathi ndawo yemigaqo yeNgxowa-mali.
Ndiyavuma ukuba zonke iincoko eziphakathi kwam neNgxowa-mali okanye amaqela ayo agunyazisiweyongezivumelwano zingarekhodwa.
Iinkcukacha zelungu nezonyango (ezifunyenwe kubaboneleli bezempilo ngemvume ecacileyo yelungu) ziza kugcinwa njengemfihlelo.
Iinkcukacha zelungu (ezelungu buqu nezempilo yalo) azizukusetyenziselwa iinkqubo zoshishino zenkampani okanye zithengiswe kurhwebo.
Akhona amanyathelo okukhusela iinkcukacha.
Iyabanika abantu abathile bangaphakathi kunye namaqela athile enezivumelwano nawo imvume yokufikelela kwiinkcukacha zamalungu engxowa-mali kunye nezempilo yawo.
INgxowa-mali kunye namaqela enezivumelwano nawo aza kusebenzisa iinkcukacha zonyango/ zempilo/ zokuxilongwa/zeenkqubo ezinekezelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwezi zinto zilandelayo - ukuqwalaselwa kwefomu yesicelo sobulungu, intlawulo yamabango, ukubalwa kwezibonelelo zamalungu kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lomngcipheko.
Bonke abasebenzi abangaphakathi kwiNgxowa-mali kunye namaqela angaphandle asetyenziswayo abophelelekile ngenxa yezivumelwano zobumfihlelo zangaphakathi.
I-GEMS iqinisekile ukuba ingene kwizivumelwano zobumfihlelo nawo onke amaqela angaphandle ewasebenzisayo nafikelelayo kwiinkcukacha zabantu abonyulwe njengabanelungelo lokuxhamla kwiimali zelungu, ngenxa yokuba ehambisa kwaye elawula iinkcukacha, ngenxa yolawulo okanye ngenxa yamalungelo ononophelo ewalawulayo.
Xa kuthe kwadizwa iinkcukacha eziyimfihlelo, iNgxowa-mali ithathela kuyo uxanduva lwako oku kwaye oku kuza kuthatyathelwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukulawula, ngokweenkqubo zangaphakathi zeNgxowa-mali.
Uyacelwa ukuba ungasithumeli esi sikhokelo xa uthumela ifomu yakho yesicelo egcwalisiweyo.
Ikopi yeSazisi selungu eliyintloko.
Ifomu u-M2 le kumele ingeniswe neefomu zesicelo xa ufuna ukutshintsha iinkcukacha zakho zengxowa-mali yonyango kunye nokuqhubekeka nokufumana kwala mali yesibonelelo (sabsidi) inye.
Iifomu i-Z583 xa uzakudla umhlalaphantsi kwaye ufuna ukwenza isicelo sokuba uqhubekeke nobulungu bakho okanye ukuba ungumntu oxhomekekileyo ofuna ukuqhubekeka nobulungu lakuba iLungu eliyiNtloko liswelekile.
Ileta yesiqinisekiso senkxaso-mali yeCandelo loLawulo-mali likaZwelonke, ukuba ngaba ikhona.
Isiqinisekiso sobulungu sengxowa-mali obulilungu layo ngaphambili, nesichaza umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu.
Utyikityo lwakho apho kuyimfuneko (amaCandelo H, I no-J).
Kunyanzelekile ukuba kugcwaliswe zonke iinkcukacha kwi-Candelo A, apho kufanelekileyo.
INombolo ye-Persal/yoMqeshwa/yomhlala-phantsi: INombolo yakho ye-Persal iyafumaneka kwiphetshana elibonisa iinkcukacha zomvuzo wakho. Abadla umhlala-phantsi: Nceda unikeze inombolo yakho yoMhlala-phantsi ebhalwe kwimbalelwano yakhookanye kwiSiqinisekiso soMhlala-phantsi esiphuma kwiCandelo loLawulo-mali.
Nceda uchaze igama loMqeshi wakho okuqeshileyo ngoku kunye nekhowudi yombutho. Ikhowudi yakho yombutho iyafumaneka kwiphetshana elichaza iinkcukacha zomvuzo wakho, ukuba ngaba ungumqeshwa karhulumente.
Nceda ugcwalise iinkcukacha zabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe kwiCandelo B le fomu yokufaka isicelo.
Kunyanzelekile ukugcwalisa iinkcukacha zeSazisi sabaxhomekeke kuwe kweli candelo. Asisayi kukwazi ukunika isicelo sakho ingqwalaselane ukuba awusinikanga le nkcukacha.
Akukho bantu baxhomekeke kuwe banelungelo lokuba ngamalungu, ngaphandle kwabo badweliswe kule theyibhile ingezantsi.
Ukuba ngumtshato wesintu, kufuneka i-affidavit evela kwilungu engqinisisa ukuba umlingane uluxanduva lwakhe.
Kufuneka isetifikethi somtshato ukuba utshatile kwaye ifani yakho yohlukile kweyeLungu eliyiNtloko.
Nekopi yoxanduva ngokomthetho lokuba ubonelelwe ngenkxaso yezonyango ngokwesivumelwano sokuqhawulwa komtshato okanye ngokomyalelo wenkundla ukuba kube njalo.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo. Qaphela: Ukuba ifani yomntwana yahlukile kule yeLungu eliyiNtloko, kufuneka i-affidavit engqinisisa ukuba lo mntwana luxanduva lwakho kwaye uchaze izizathu zokuba iifani zahluke. (I-affidavit efungelweyo kumele igcwaliswe liLungu eliyiNtloko) Qaphela: Umlingane kumele abe ubhalisiwe ukuze ufake umntwana wakhe.
Ne-affidavit evela kwilungu nengqina ukuba umntwana akakho kwiziko likarhulumente.
I-affidavit evela kwilungu eliyintloko nengqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwemali. Qaphela: Umlingane kumele abe ubhalisiwe ukuze ufake umntwana wakhe.
Ukuba ifani yomntu oxhomekekileyo yahlukile kule yeLungu eliyiNtloko, kufuneka i-affidavit engqinisisa ukuba lo uxhomekekileyo luxanduva lweLungu eliyiNtloko kwaye uchaze izizathu zokuba iifani zahluke.
I-affidavit evela kwilungu nengqina ukuba ababonelelwa baxhomekeke kulo ngezemali.
Qaphela: Umntwana welungu okanye womlingane welungu kumele abe ubhalisiwe ukuze kufakwe umntwana wasebukhweni.
Qaphela: Ukuba umzali womntwana naye ubhaliswe njengombonelelwa, kufunwa i-affidavit evela kwiLungu eliyiNtloko yomzukulwana okanye yomzukulwana womzukulwana kuphela.
Ne-affidavit efungelweyo engqinisisa ukuxhomekeka kwabatshana kwiLungu eliyiNtloko ngezemali. (I-affidavit efungelweyo kumele igcwaliswe liLungu eliyiNtloko nomntakwalo ukuba ukhona) Qaphela: Abatshana beLungu eliyiNtloko okanye bomlingane weLungu eliyiNtloko bangabhaliswa njengababonelelwa. Qaphela: Ukuba umzali womntwana ubhalisiwe njengoxhomekekileyo kufunwa i-affidavit evela kwiLungu eliyiNtloko ngomtshana kuphela.
Kufunwa iincwadi zeSazisi kunye nezatifikethi zokuzalwa zabo bonke ababonelelwa belungu.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba abantu abadala abaxhomekeke kuwe kungafuneka baqwalaselwe minyaka le ukuba ingaba basakulungele na ukuba ngamalungu. Amalungu kufuneka aveze ubungqina minyaka le bokuba eneneni ababonelelwa abangaphezu kweminyaka e-21 ubudala baxhomekeke kubo, ngaphandle kwabo bayimilwelwe.
Ukuba ngaba kufuneka ungenise ingxelo efungelweyo kumele ukuba uye kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane kuwe okanye uye nakowuphi na umntu ogunyazisiweyo ukuba abe ngumkhomishinala ofungisayo ukuze aqinisekise ukuba iinkcukacha ozinika i-GEMS ziyinyani kwaye zichanekile.
Nceda ukhethe ngocoselelo, njengoko ungazukukwazi ukukutshintsha oko ukukhethileyo enyakeni, ngaphandle kokuba ufumane imvume yeBhodi yabaLawuli.
Izibonelelo zakho zokugula ungalaliswanga esibhedlele kunye nezinye ezihlanganisiweyo ziza kubalwa ukususela kumhla wokujoyina kwakho ukuba ngaba loo mhla ayinguwo umhla woku-1 kuJanuwari. Oku kuthetha ukuba izibonelelo zakho ziza kubalwa zilungelelane nexesha lobulungu bakho elishiyekileyo kuloo nyaka, ukususela kumhla wakho wokujoyina.
Uza kuba nako ukusitshintsha isibonelelo osikhethileyo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye, siqalise ukusebenza ngomhla wokuqala wonyaka olandelayo.
Kufuneka uwubhale umhla onqwenela ukujoyina i-GEMS ngawo kwiCandelo D lefomu yesicelo.
Umhla wokwamkelwa kwakho umele ukuba ube ngumhla wokuqala enyangeni.
Apho unako, qinisekisa ukuba umhla wokwamkelwa kwakho kwi-GEMS uwulandela ngqo umhla wokuphuma kwakho kwingxowa-mali obukuyo ngaphambili, njengokuba ukuqhawuka kobulungu bakho phakathi kwale Ngxowa-mali intsha naleyo indala kunganegalelo elingelihlanga kwinkxaso-mali yoMqeshi wakho.
Ukuba ngaba akubhalwanga mhla, umhla wokubhaliswa kwakho uza kuthathwa njengosuku lokuqala lwenyanga elandelayo, ukuze kungadaleki ukuba ube semva ngemirhumo.
Ukuba ngaba umhla wokujoyina owukhethileyo ubangela ukuba ube semva ngemirhumo, le mirhumo iza kutsalwa emvuzweni wakho okanye kwi-akhawunti yakho yebhanki (apho kufanelekileyo).
Kubaqeshwa abatsha, umhla wakho wokubhalisa awukwazi ukuba ube ngaphambili kunalowo wokuqeshwa kwakho.
Abafaki-zicelo abadla umhlala-phantsi: Ncedani nigcwalise ifomu u-M2 no-Z583 engqina inkxaso-mali yeSebe leCandelo loLawulo-mali. Ezi fomu zifumaneka kwiwebhusayithi ye-GEMS kwa-www.gems.gov.za okanye ngokutsalela umnxeba kwiZiko lemiNxeba kwa-0860 00 4367. Ukuba ngaba unayo ikopi yeleta yeCandelo loLawulo-mali likaZwelonke, nceda uyiqhoboshele kwifomu yesicelo, njengoko iza kunceda ukuba ihambe lula inkqubo yokubhalisa.
Abafaki-zicelo abaqeshiweyo: Ncedani nichaze umvuzo wenu wenyanga ongekafakwa zibonelelo. Ukuba ngaba ukwinqanaba lolawulo oluphakathi okanye lwabalawuli abaphezulu, nceda uchaze iphakeji yakho ekungekatsalwa rhafu kuyo. Nceda ufake iphetshana elibonisa umvuzo wakho elilelona litsha okanye ileta yokuqeshwa kwakho ukuba ngaba unguMqeshwa omtsha.
Nceda uqhoboshele isiqinisekiso sobulungu esibonisa umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu kwingxowa-mali yezonyango yakho yangaphambili.
Umthetho umisela ukuba awuvumelekanga wena okanye abo baxhomekeke kuwe ukuba babhaliswe kwiingxowa-mali zezonyango ezimbini ngaxeshanye.
Nceda uqhagamshelane nengxowa-mali yakho yezonyango yangaphambili uze ubacele ukuba bakunike isiqinisekiso sobulungu esibonisa umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu, njengobungqina bobulungu bakho.
Nceda uqaphele into yokuba, ukuba ngaba isiqinisekiso sakho sobulungu asiwuchazi umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu bakho, asizukukwazi ukusisebenzisa. Ungalibali ukugcwalisa nokuthumela ileta yokuyeka kwakho ebonisa ukuphelelwa kobulungu bakho kwingxowa-mali yezonyango yangaphambili, ukuba ngaba awukakwenzi oku.
Ukuba ngaba awukwazi ukusifumana esi siqinisekiso sobulungu, siza kuyamkela ileta echaza ukuphelelwa kobulungu bakho njengobungqina bokurhoxa kwakho kuyo, ukuba ngaba le leta ibhalwe kwiphepha elineenkcukacha ezisemthethweni zeNgxowa-mali.
Ukuba ngaba ufumanisa ingxaki ekuyekiseni ukutsalwa kwemirhumo yakho emvuzweni wakho yingxowa-mali yezonyango yakho yangaphambili, nceda ucele iCandelo lezabaSebenzi ukuba likurhoxise ngokwalo, okanye ukuba awukwenzi oku, i-GEMS ayizukukwazi ukutsala imali yomrhumo wakho emvuzweni wakho.
Kunyanzelekile ukugcwalisa eli candelo ngokupheleleyo, njengokuba ifomu yesicelo yakho ingasayi kunikwa ngqwalaselane ukuba awuzibhalanga iinkcukacha zebhanki.
Nceda uqinisekise ukuba uyawafunda ngocoselelo la macandelo phambi kokuba utyikitye kwifomu yakho yesicelo.
Ncedani niqaphele: Ifomu yakho yesicelo ayizikuqwalaselwa ukuba ngaba awuyityikityanga.
Ukuba ngaba ukhetha ukujoyina i-Sapphire okanye i-Beryl njengesibonelelo sakho, kufuneka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezi zibonelelo zihambelana nothotho lwababoneleli bezempilo abakhethiweyo (network). Oku kuthetha ukuba wena kunye nabo baxhomekeke kuwe kufuneka ukuba nisebenzise kuphela abo baboneleli beenkonzo zempilo banezivumelwano kunye noNxibelelwano lwe-GEMS. Ugqirha wakho/ugqirha wakho wamazinyo omsebenzisayo ngoku usenokungabikho kuluhlu loogqirha abangababoneleli boNxibelelwano lwe-GEMS. Ukuba kunjalo oku, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kwiZiko lemiNxeba le-GEMS kwa-0860 00 4367, ukuze ufumane ugqirha okanye umboneleli wenkonzo yezempilo onokumsebenzisa engingqini yakho.
I-GEMS izimanye namawaka-waka oogqirha, abamazinyo kunye nabanye ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zolondolozo lwempilo ukuze banike amalungu ixwebhu lokubhalisa ababoneleli elenziwe ngobuchule nelenza amalungu abe nokufikelela kubaboneleli. Aba baboneleli bavumile ukungahlawulisi amalungu ngaphezulu kwamaxabiso eNgxowa-mali, nto leyo ethetha ukuba akudingeki ukhuphe mali epokothweni yakho xa uye kubonana "noMhlobo we-GEMS".
I-GEMS ibonelela ngezibonelelo zamayeza ezifo ezondeleyo kuwo onke amalungu. Ukuze ube nelungelo lokusebenzisa amayeza ezifo ezondeleyo, kumele ukuba ubhalise kwinkqubo yamayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo, emva kokuba ufumene imbalelwano ekwazisayo ukuba ulilungu elibhalisweyo le-GEMS.
Namayeza abiza kakhulu exeshana, aza kuthintela olunye unyango olubiza kakhulu, olufana nokulaliswa esibhedlele.
Wakube ubhalisiwe kule nkqubo, amayeza akho agunyazisiweyo aza kuhlawulwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa oku kuxhomeke ekubeni uwafumana kwikhemesti etyunjiweyo ukuba ibe ngumthumeli wamayeza akho (i-Medipost). Ugqirha wakho woNxibelelwano lwe-GEMS uza kukuncedisa kula malungiselelo.
Iqela lezonyango liza kuthi liziphonononge iinkcukacha zakho, kwaye ukuba ikhona imfuneko liza kuqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho (ngomnxeba okanye limbhalele) ukuze likhethe awona mayeza afanelekileyo kunye na-/okanye awona angabizi kakhulu. Uza kuthunyelelwa i-SMS ngokuqhubekayo malunga nesicelo sakho (ukufunyanwa nokwamkelwa kwaso). Ukuqwalaselwa kwesicelo sakho kuza kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezisixhenxe.
Kufuneka kugcwaliswe ifomu eyahlukileyo ngelungu ngalinye losapho elidinga amayeza ezigulo ezondeleyo.
Gcina ikopi yefomu yakho egcwalisiweyo ukuze ube nayo kwiirekhodi zakho.
Qhoboshela uthotho lohlolo olwenziweyo oluxhasa isicelo/uphando olukhethekileyo oluqhutyiweyo kunye neengxelo ezithethelelayo (xa kufuneka oku) ukuze kuthintelwe ukulibaziseka kokuqwalaselwa kwesicelo sakho.
Sakube samkelwe isicelo sakho, uza kufumana ileta yogunyaziso edwelisa uluhlu lwamayeza aza kuhlawulelwa sisiBonelelo sakho samaYeza eZifo eZondleleyo. Le leta iza kuchaza ukuba ngawaphi amayeza akuluhlu oluvunyiweyo lwamaxabiso amayeza (Medicine Price List - MPL) kunye nalawo mayeza aza kuba nenxalenye yemali ehlawulwa lilungu. Ayafumaneka amanye amayeza anokusetyenziswa, angazukuba nanxalenye yemali ihlawulelwa lilungu. Nceda uxoxe nogqirha wakho okukhuphela umyalelo wamayeza malunga namanye amayeza anokusetyenziswa, ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuphepha ukuhlawula inxalenye yexabiso lala mayeza. Ukuba ngaba amayeza agunyazisiweyo ohlukile kumayeza ebeceliwe, kuza kufakwa ileta ekucacisayo oku ikhaphe ileta yakho yogunyaziso, ze kuthunyelwe ikopi kugqirha obekukhuphele incwadana yomyalelo wamayeza. Ukuba ngaba isicelo sakho asivunywanga, uza kuthunyelelwa ileta ze kuthunyelwe ikopi nakugqirha wakho obekukhuphele umyalelo wamayeza. Ukuba ngaba kufuneka ezinye iinkcukacha zonyango, isicelo sakho siza kuphinda siqwalaselwe zakube zifunyenwe zonke iinkcukacha kugqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho angatsalela umnxeba kwa-0860 100 608 xa efuna uncedo.
Emva kokuba iqwalaselwe ifomu yakho yesicelo, uza kufumana i-SMS eqinisekisayo ukuba sifunyenwe isicelo sakho. Uza kuchazelwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuba kufuneka amanye amaxwebhu ukuze kugqityezelwe ukubhaliswa kwesicelo sakho.
Emva kokuba luqukunjelwe ubhaliso lwefomu yakho yesicelo, kuza kuthunyelwa iphakeji yelungu enamakhadi obulungu kunye nesikhokelo esineenkcukacha ezibanzi ngobulungu, kwidilesi yakho yeposi.
<fn>(43200923219 PM) GEMS_APP(XHOSA).txt</fn>
Funda isikhokelo sesicelo ngocoselelo, njengoko siqulethe iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo, eziza kukunceda ekugcwaliseni ifomu yesicelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Gcwalisa ifomu yesicelo ekwelinye icala lephepha kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uwafakile onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo nokuba utyikityile apho kufuneka ukuba ufake utyikityo lwakho khona.
Kumaziko eengingqi onokuya ngeenyawo kuwo: Khangela kwisikhokelo sesicelo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Isicelo sakho siza kulibaziseka ukuba ngaba awuyiniki onke amaxwebhu afunekayo i-GEMS.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo asikwazanga ukuba singaqwalaselwa, i-GEMS iza kuqhagamshelana nawe kwiintsuku ezili-5 emva kokuba isifumene isicelo sakho.
NCEDA UGCwALISE ONKE AMACANDELO AFANELEKILEYO NGOCOSELELO KwAYE UNIKE ZONKE IINKCUKACHA.
Qinisekisa ukuba usinika onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko nalawo kufuneka ekhaphe isicelo.
Igama lokuqala (libhalwe ngokupheleleyo)Oonobumba bamagama Itayitile (Mnu., Nksk., Nksz.
Nceda ubhekise kwiCandelo B lesikhokelo sesicelo, ukuze uqinisekise ukuba abo bantu unomnqweno wokubatyumba njengabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe bafanelekile ukuba bangatyunjwa kusini na. Asisayi kukwazi ukunika ifomu yakho ingqwalaselane ukuba iinkcukacha zakho zeSazisi azifakwanga. Ngoko ke kunyanzelekile ukuba uligcwalise eli candelo apha kwifomu.
Nceda ukhethe ISIBONELELO ESINYE KUPHELA kuluhlu olungezantsi lweentlobo zezibonelelo uze uphawule ngo-x kwibhokisi efanelekileyo.
Abafaki-sicelo abaqeshiweyo: Nceda uchaze umvuzo wakho wenyanga ongekafakwa ezinye iimali. Ukuba ngaba ukwinqanaba lolawulo oluphakathi okanye oluphezulu, nceda uchaze umvuzo wakho wenyanga ongekatsalwa rhafu. Faka iphetshana lomvuzo elineenkcukacha zomvuzo elilelona litsha okanye ileta yokuqeshwa kwakho ukuba ngaba ungumqeshwa omtsha.
Abafaki-zicelo abadla umhlala-phantsi: Nceda uchaze umvuzo wakho wenyanga ongekafakwa ezinye iimali.
Ingaba ulilungu okanye ungumntu oxhomekeke kwilungu lengxowa-mali yonyango ebhalisiweyo?
Ukuba ngaba ulilungu/ungumntu oxhomekeke kwilungu, nceda uqhoboshele isiqinisekiso sobulungu sengxowa-mali yezonyango obukuyo ngaphambili engqina umhla wokugqibela wobulungu (amakhadi obulungu akonelanga). Kumele uqinisekise ukuba ubucimile ubulungu kwingxowa-mali yakho yangaphambili.
Imirhumo yenyanga yabaqeshwa abasebenzayo iyatsalwa emivuzweni yabo apho kufanelekileyo.
Iinkcukacha zokubhankisha: Ziyafuneka ukuze kufakwe iimali ezihlawulwayo zelungu, nokuba kutsalwe iimali ekufuneka zihlawulwe lilungu kwiNgxowa-mali. Asisayi kukwazi ukukubuyisela imali ekufuneka uyifumene ukuba awusinikanga iinkcukacha zebhanki yakho.
Banike abalawuli bezempilo naziphi na iinkcukacha ezifunekayo zolawulo nezamanani, kungachazwa ukuba zezikabani na, kodwa oku kuxhomekeke ekubeni ziphathwe njengemfihlelo ngamaxesha onke ezi nkcukacha.
Kubalulekile ukuba kunikwe i-GEMS kunye na-/abameli bayo imvume yokuba ibonisane kunye no(o)gqirha, nesibhedlele okanye kunye nawuphi na umboneleli wezempilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba lifumana olona nonophelo lunoncedo ilungu.
E Iziqulatho zale fomu ziyinyani, zichanekile kwaye ziphelele. Ukuba ngaba kukho okuthe akwachazwa okanye iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ezingeyonyani, ndiyayiqonda into yokuba ubulungu bam bungacinywa nokuba kungafuneka ukuba ndibuyise imali yeNgxowa-mali, nayo nayiphi na imali ehlawuliweyo ngenxa yokuwasebenzisa ngokungafanelekanga amalungelo okanye izibonelelo zeNgxowa-mali, ebekungafanelekanga ukuba ibe ihlawulwe, kodwa ilungu lisenokubhena ngokweenkqubo zokubhena.
E Ndiyavuma ukuziqhelanisa nemigaqo yale Ngxowa-mali.
E Abo ndibatyumbileyo ukuba baxhamle kwiimali zam, ngaphandle kweqabane lam lasemtshatweni/kweqabane, baxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci kum, abafumani mvuzo wonyaka ongaphezulu kwesixa sesibonelelo sepenshini karhulumente okanye abaqeshwanga sigxina ngomhla wokutyikitywa kwale fomu.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba iinkcukacha zam kunye nezo zokugula kwam (ezifunyenwe kubanonopheli bezempilo ngemvume yam ecacileyo), ziza kugcinwa ziyimfihlelo.
E Ndiyayiqonda into yokuba impilo yam kunye naleyo yabantu abaxhomekeke kum kunye neenkcukacha zam okanye ezabantu abaxhomekeke kum eziyimfihlelo zisenokusetyenziswa kuphando, njengeenkcukacha zamanani, kulawulo lononophelo nasekuqulunqweni kweengxelo, nokuba nakuphi na ukutyeshelwa koku kusenokuba lulwaphulo lobumfihlelo.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba xa i-GEMS ithe yanomnqweno wokusebenzisa iinkcukacha zam okanye ezabantu abaxhomekeke kum eziyimfihlelo, ngenye indlela ngaphandle kwezi zikhankanyiweyo kwesi sifungo, kufuneka ukuba i-GEMS ifumane enye imvume kum nakubantu abaxhomekeke kum.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba iinkcukacha zam kunye neenkcukacha zempilo yam azizukusetyenziswa kwimicimbi yoshishino okanye yorhwebo.
E Ndiyayiqonda into yokuba i-GEMS ivumile ukuba abantu abathile bangaphakathi kuyo kunye namaqela angaphandle enezivumelwano nawo mabafikelele kwiinkcukacha zamalungu nakwezo ziphathelele kwimpilo yawo.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba i-GEMS kunye namaqela angaphandle enezivumelwano nawo baza kusebenzisa iinkcukacha zonyango/zempilo/zokuxilongwa/zeenkqubo ezinikezelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwezi zinto zilandelayo - ukuqwalaselwa kwefomu yesicelo sobulungu, intlawulo yamabango, ukubalwa kwezibonelelo zamalungu kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lomngcipheko.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba i-GEMS ingene kwizivumelwano zobumfihlelo nawo onke amaqela angaphandle asetyenziswayo afikelelayo kwiinkcukacha zabantu abonyulwe njengabanelungelo lokuxhamla kwiimali zam, ngenxa yokuba ihambisa kwaye ilawula iinkcukacha, ngenxa yolawulo okanye ngenxa yamalungelo ononophelo ewalawulayo.
E Ndiyayiqonda into yokuba bonke abasebenzi abangaphakathi kwi-GEMS kunye namaqela angaphandle asetyenziswayo abophelelekile ngenxa yezivumelwano zobumfihlelo zangaphakathi.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba i-GEMS iza kuqinisekisa ukuba akhona amanyathelo awoneleyo okhuseleko lweenkcukacha.
E Ndiyaqonda ukuba xa kuthe kwadizwa iinkcukacha eziyimfihlelo, i-GEMS ithathela kuyo uxanduva loku kwaye oku kuza kuthatyathelwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukulawula oku, ngokweenkqubo zangaphakathi ze-GEMs.
E Ndiyathembisa ukuba ndiza kuyilandela imigaqo neenkqubo ze-GEMS, baza kwenza njalo nabo baxhomekeke kum.
E Apha ndigunyazisa i-GEMS ngokupheleleyo ukuba iphumeze ukuhlawulwa kwemirhumo yenyanga kwangoko emva komhla wokujoyina.
E andililo ilungu lenye iingxowa-mali yezonyango, ngokunjalo nabo baxhomekeke kum.
zokuguquka kwesimo eso.
E Ndiza kuyazisa i-GEMS kwiiyure ezingama-48 ubuncinane phambi kokuba ndilaliselwe ukugula okungangxamisekanga esibhedlele. Ndiyavuma ukuba xa ndithe ndasilela ekukwenzeni oku, kumele ukuba ndihlawule inxalenye yemali yasesibhedlele ngokwam.
E Ndiyavuma ukuba iNgxowa-mali/abameli bayo baza kuhlawula amabango abawabona esemthethweni ngokwemigaqo yeNgxowa-mali.
E Imigaqo iza kusebenza ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye ndiyayamkela into yokuba iileta, izigidimi zeendaba kunye neencwadana azithathi ndawo yemigaqo yeNgxowa-mali.
E Ndiyavuma ukuba zonke iincoko eziphakathi kwam neNgxowa-mali okanye amaqela ayo agunyazisiweyo ngezivumelwano zingarekhodwa.
E Iinkcukacha zelungu nezonyango (ezifunyenwe kubaboneleli bezempilo ngemvume ecacileyo yelungu) ziza kugcinwa njengemfihlelo.
E Iinkcukacha zelungu (ezelungu buqu nezempilo yalo) azizukusetyenziselwa iinkqubo zoshishino zenkampani okanye zithengiswe kurhwebo.
E akhona amanyathelo okukhusela iinkcukacha.
E Iyabanika abantu abathile bangaphakathi kunye namaqela athile enezivumelwano nawo imvume yokufikelela kwiinkcukacha zamalungu engxowa-mali kunye nezempilo yawo.
E INgxowa-mali kunye namaqela enezivumelwano nawo aza kusebenzisa iinkcukacha zonyango/ zempilo/zokuxilongwa/zeenkqubo ezinekezelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwezi zinto zilandelayo - ukuqwalaselwa kwefomu yesicelo sobulungu, intlawulo yamabango, ukubalwa kwezibonelelo zamalungu kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lomngcipheko.
E Bonke abasebenzi abangaphakathi kwiNgxowa-mali kunye namaqela angaphandle asetyenziswayo abophelelekile ngenxa yezivumelwano zobumfihlelo zangaphakathi.
E I-GEMS iqinisekile ukuba ingene kwizivumelwano zobumfihlelo nawo onke amaqela angaphandle ewasebenzisayo nafikelelayo kwiinkcukacha zabantu abonyulwe njengabanelungelo lokuxhamla kwiimali zelungu, ngenxa yokuba ehambisa kwaye elawula iinkcukacha, ngenxa yolawulo okanye ngenxa yamalungelo ononophelo ewalawulayo.
E Xa kuthe kwadizwa iinkcukacha eziyimfihlelo, iNgxowa-mali ithathela kuyo uxanduva lwako oku kwaye oku kuza kuthatyathelwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukulawula, ngokweenkqubo zangaphakathi zeNgxowa-mali.
Uyacelwa ukuba ungasithumeli esi sikhokelo xa uthumela ifomu yakho yesicelo egcwalisiweyo.
Ikopi yesazisi selungu eliyintloko.
Iphetshana lomvuzo elineenkcukacha ezizezona zintsha okanye ileta yokuqeshwa kwakho.
Iifomu u-M2 no-Z583, ukuba ngaba ungumntu odla umhlala-phantsi kwaye/okanye ungumqeshwa karhulumente.
Ileta yesiqinisekiso senkxaso-mali yeCandelo loLawulo-mali likaZwelonke, ukuba ngaba ikhona.
Isiqinisekiso sobulungu sengxowa-mali obulilungu layo ngaphambili, nesichaza umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu.
Utyikityo lwakho apho kuyimfuneko (amaCandelo H, I no-J).
ICANDELO A: IINKCUKACHA ZELUNGUKunyanzelekile ukuba kugcwaliswe zonke iinkcukacha kwi-Candelo A, apho kufanelekileyo.
INombolo yakho ye-Persal iyafumaneka kwiphetshana elibonisa iinkcukacha zomvuzo wakho. Abadla umhlala-phantsi: Nceda unikeze inombolo yakho yoMhlala-phantsi ebhalwe kwimbalelwano yakho okanye kwiSiqinisekiso soMhlala-phantsi esiphuma kwiCandelo loLawulo-mali.
Nceda uchaze igama loMqeshi wakho okuqeshileyo ngoku kunye nekhowudi yombutho. Ikhowudi yakho yombutho iyafumaneka kwiphetshana elichaza iinkcukacha zomvuzo wakho, ukuba ngaba ungumqeshwa karhulumente.
Nceda ugcwalise iinkcukacha zabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe kwiCandelo B le fomu yokufaka isicelo.
Kunyanzelekile ukugcwalisa iinkcukacha zeSazisi sabaxhomekeke kuwe kweli candelo. Asisayi kukwazi ukunika isicelo sakho ingqwalaselane ukuba awusinikanga le nkcukacha.
akukho bantu baxhomekeke kuwe banelungelo lokuba ngamalungu, ngaphandle kwabo badweliswe kule theyibhile ingezantsi.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, okanye Qaphela: Ukuba ngaba ngumtshato wesiNtu umtshato wenu, kufuneka ubungqina obufungelweyo belungu, obungqina uxanduva lwalo kwiqabane lalo lomtshato.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nekopi yoxanduva lwezomthetho lokubonelela ngenkxaso yezonyango ngokwesivumelwano soqhawulo-mtshato.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo.
Ukuba ngaba umntwana ukhubazekile ngokwasengqondweni okanye emzimbeni: kufuneka ubungqina bokukhubazeka obuvela kugqirha (ingxelo -yokuhlolwa mayigcwaliswe nguGqirha) kunyenengxelo efungelweyo yelungu engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini.
ukuba ngaba umntwana akangomfundi okanye akakhubazekanga: ingxelo efungelweyo yelungu engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nengxelo efungelweyo yelungu engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini kwabo batyunjwe njengabanokuxhamla kwiimali zelungu. Qaphela: umzali ngokomtshato umakhulu/utatomkhulu ngokomtshato, bangabhaliswa kuphela ukuba ngaba iqabane lasemtshatweni libhalisiwe nalo njengomntu onokuxhamla kwiimali zelungu.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nengxelo efungelweyo engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini komzukulwana kwilungu.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nengxelo efungelweyo engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini komntakwabo/kodade welungu kwilungu. (ingxelo efungelweyo kumele ukuba igcwaliswe lilungu)Qaphela: Ngumntakwabo/udade welungu eliyiNtloko kuphela onokubhaliswa njengomntu otyunjelwe ukuxhamla kwiimali zelungu.
Icandelo lomntu oxhomekekileyo eligcwalisiweyo kwifomu yesicelo, kunye nengxelo efungelweyo engqina ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemalini kwabatshana kwilungu. (ingxelo efungelweyo kumele ukuba igcwaliswe lilungu kunye nomntakwabo/udade welungu, apho kufanelekileyo). Qaphela: Ngabantwana bomntakwabo/bodade welungu eliyiNtloko kuphela abanokubhaliswa njengabantu abatyunjelwe ukuxhamla kwiimali zelungu.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba abantu abadala abaxhomekeke kuwe kungafuneka baqwalaselwe minyaka le ukuba ingaba basakulungele na ukuba ngamalungu. Amalungu kufuneka aveze ubungqina minyaka le bokuba eneneni ababonelelwa abangaphezu kweminyaka e-21 ubudala baxhomekeke kubo, ngaphandle kwabo bayimilwelwe.
E Ukuba ngaba kufuneka ungenise ingxelo efungelweyo kumele ukuba uye kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane kuwe okanye uye nakomphi na umntu ogunyazisiweyo ukuba abe ngumkhomishinala ofungisayo ukuze aqinisekise ukuba iinkcukacha ozinika i-GEMs ziyinyani kwaye zichanekile.
E Thatha ifomu "yengxelo yohlolo lukagqirha (yokukhubazeka)" uyise kugqirha ofanelekileyo uze umcele ukuba ayigcwalise. Imali yokubona ugqirha iza kuhlawulwa ngesibonelelo sokutyelela kwagqirga (GP consultation benefit) samalungu abhalisiweyo. Amalungu angabhaliswanga wona kufuneka ukuba azihlawulele ngokwawo indleko yolu tyelelo lakwagqirha.
E Nceda ukhethe ngocoselelo, njengoko ungazukukwazi ukukutshintsha oko ukukhethileyo enyakeni, ngaphandle kokuba ufumane imvume yeBhodi yabaLawuli.
E Izibonelelo zakho zokugula ungalaliswanga esibhedlele kunye nezinye ezihlanganisiweyo ziza kubalwa ukususela kumhla wokujoyina kwakho ukuba ngaba loo mhla awusinguwo umhla woku-1 kuJanuwari. Oku kuthetha ukuba izibonelelo zakho ziza kubalwa zilungelelane nexesha lobulungu bakho elishiyekileyo kuloo nyaka, ukususela kumhla wakho wokujoyina.
E Uza kuba nako ukusitshintsha isibonelelo osikhethileyo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye, siqalise ukusebenza ngomhla wokuqala wonyaka olandelayo.
Kufuneka uwubhale umhla onqwenela ukujoyina i-GEMS ngawo kwiCandelo D lefomu yesicelo.
E Umhla wokwamkelwa kwakho umele ukuba ube ngumhla wokuqala enyangeni.
E apho kunokwenzeka, qinisekisa ukuba umhla wokwamkelwa kwakho kwi-GEMs uwulandela ngqo umhla wokuphuma kwakho kwingxowa-mali obukuyo ngaphambili, njengoko ukuba ngaba kuye kwakho ixesha phakathi kobulungu bakho kule Ngxowa-mali intsha naleyo indala, oku kunganegalelo elingelihlanga kwinkxaso-mali yoMqeshi wakho.
E Ukuba ngaba akubhalwanga mhla, umhla wokubhaliswa kwakho uza kuthathwa njengosuku lokuqala lwenyanga elandelayo, ukuze kungadaleki ukuba ube semva ngemirhumo.
E Ukuba ngaba umhla wokujoyina owukhethileyo ubangela ukuba ube semva ngemirhumo, le mirhumo iza kutsalwa emvuzweni wakho okanye kwi-akhawunti yakho yebhanki (apho kufanelekileyo).
E Kubaqeshwa abatsha, umhla wakho wokubhalisa awukwazi ukuba ube ngaphambili kunalowo wokuqeshwa kwakho.
Abafaki-zicelo abadla umhlala-phantsi: Ncedani nigcwalise ifomu u-M2 no-Z583 engqina inkxaso-mali yeSebe leCandelo loLawulo-mali. Ukuba ngaba unayo ikopi yeleta yeCandelo loLawulo-mali likaZwelonke, nceda uyiqhoboshele kwifomu yesicelo, njengoko iza kunceda ukuba ihambe lula inkqubo yokubhalisa.
Abafaki-zicelo abaqeshiweyo: Ncedani nichaze umvuzo wenu wenyanga ongekafakwa zibonelelo. Ukuba ngaba ukwinqanaba lolawulo oluphakathi okanye lwabalawuli abaphezulu, nceda uchaze iphakeji yakho ekungekatsalwa rhafu kuyo. Nceda ufake iphetshana elibonisa umvuzo wakho elilelona litsha okanye ileta yokuqeshwa kwakho ukuba ngaba unguMqeshwa omtsha.
Nceda uqhoboshele isiqinisekiso sobulungu esibonisa umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu kwingxowa-mali yezonyango yakho yangaphambili.
E Umthetho umisela ukuba awuvumelekanga wena okanye abo baxhomekeke kuwe ukuba babhaliswe kwiingxowa-mali zezonyango ezimbini ngaxeshanye.
E Nceda uqhagamshelane nengxowa-mali yakho yezonyango yangaphambili uze ubacele ukuba bakunike isiqinisekiso sobulungu esibonisa umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu, njengobungqina bobulungu bakho.
E Nceda uqaphele into yokuba, ukuba ngaba isiqinisekiso sakho sobulungu asiwuchazi umhla wokuphelelwa kobulungu bakho, asizukukwazi ukusisebenzisa. Ungalibali ukugcwalisa nokuthumela ileta yokuyeka kwakho ebonisa ukuphelelwa kobulungu bakho kwingxowa-mali yezonyango yangaphambili, ukuba ngaba awukakwenzi oku.
E Ukuba ngaba awukwazi ukusifumana esi siqinisekiso sobulungu, siza kuyamkela ileta echaza ukuphelelwa kobulungu bakho njengobungqina bokurhoxa kwakho kuyo, ukuba ngaba le leta ibhalwe kwiphepha elineenkcukacha ezisemthethweni zeNgxowa-mali.
E Ukuba ngaba ufumanisa ingxaki ekuyekiseni ukutsalwa kwemirhumo yakho emvuzweni wakho yingxowa-mali yezonyango yakho yangaphambili, nceda ucele iCandelo lezabaSebenzi ukuba likurhoxise ngokwalo, okanye ukuba awukwenzi oku, i-GEMS ayizukukwazi ukutsala imali yomrhumo wakho emvuzweni wakho.
Kunyanzelekile ukugcwalisa eli candelo ngokupheleleyo, njengokuba ifomu yesicelo yakho ingasayi kunikwa ngqwalaselane ukuba awuzibhalanga iinkcukacha zebhanki.
Nceda uqinisekise ukuba uyawafunda ngocoselelo la macandelo phambi kokuba utyikitye kwifomu yakho yesicelo.
Ncedani niqaphele: Ifomu yakho yesicelo ayizikuqwalaselwa ukuba ngaba awuyityikityanga.
I-GEMS izimanye namawaka-waka oogqirha, abamazinyo kunye nabanye ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zolondolozo lwempilo ukuze banike amalungu ixwebhu lokubhalisa ababoneleli elenziwe ngobuchule nelenza amalungu abe nokufikelela kubaboneleli. Aba baboneleli bavumile ukungahlawulisi amalungu ngaphezulu kwamaxabiso eNgxowa-mali, nto leyo ethetha ukuba akudingeki ukhuphe mali epokothweni yakho xa uye kubonana "noMhlobo we-GEMS".
I-GEMS ibonelela ngezibonelelo zamayeza ezifo ezondeleyo kuwo onke amalungu. Ukuze ube nelungelo lokusebenzisa amayeza ezifo ezondeleyo, kumele ukuba ubhalise kwinkqubo yamayeza ezifo ezingapheliyo, emva kokuba ufumene imbalelwano ekwazisayo ukuba ulilungu elibhalisweyo le-GEMs.
E Amayeza ezifo ezibeka ubomi emngciphekweni, ezifana nesifo seswekile (diabetes);E amayeza asetyenziswa okoko ukunyanga izigulo ezondeleyo nezikhubazayo awuchaphazelayo kakhulu umsebenzi kunye nomgangatho wempilo yomntu; kunyeE Namayeza abiza kakhulu exeshana, aza kuthintela olunye unyango olubiza kakhulu, olufana nokulaliswa esibhedlele.
Iqela lezonyango liza kuthi liziphonononge iinkcukacha zakho, kwaye ukuba ikhona imfuneko liza kuqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho (ngomnxeba okanye limbhalele) ukuze likhethe awona mayeza afanelekileyo kunye na-/okanye awona angabizi kakhulu. Uza kuthunyelelwa i-SMS ngokuqhubekayo malunga nesicelo sakho (ukufunyanwa nokwamkelwa kwaso). Ukuqwalaselwa kwesicelo sakho kuza kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezisixhenxe.
E Kufuneka kugcwaliswe ifomu eyahlukileyo ngelungu ngalinye losapho elidinga amayeza ezigulo ezondeleyo.E Gcina ikopi yefomu yakho egcwalisiweyo ukuze ube nayo kwiirekhodi zakho.E Qhoboshela uthotho lohlolo olwenziweyo oluxhasa isicelo/uphando olukhethekileyo oluqhutyiweyo kunye neengxelo ezithethelelayo (xa kufuneka oku) ukuze kuthintelwe ukulibaziseka kokuqwalaselwa kwesicelo sakho.
sakube samkelwe isicelo sakho, uza kufumana ileta yogunyaziso edwelisa uluhlu lwamayeza aza kuhlawulelwa sisiBonelelo sakho samaYeza eZifo eZondleleyo. Le leta iza kuchaza ukuba ngawaphi amayeza akuluhlu oluvunyiweyo lwamaxabiso amayeza (Medicine Price List - MPL) kunye nalawo mayeza aza kuba nenxalenye yemali ehlawulwa lilungu.
ihlawulelwa lilungu. Nceda uxoxe nogqirha wakho okukhuphela umyalelo wamayeza malunga namanye amayeza anokusetyenziswa, ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuphepha ukuhlawula inxalenye yexabiso lala mayeza. Ukuba ngaba amayeza agunyazisiweyo ohlukile kumayeza ebeceliwe, kuza kufakwa ileta ekucacisayo oku ikhaphe ileta yakho yogunyaziso, ze kuthunyelwe ikopi kugqirha obekukhuphele incwadana yomyalelo wamayeza.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo sakho asivunywanga, uza kuthunyelelwa ileta ze kuthunyelwe ikopi nakugqirha wakho obekukhuphele umyalelo wamayeza. Ukuba ngaba kufuneka ezinye iinkcukacha zonyango, isicelo sakho siza kuphinda siqwalaselwe zakube zifunyenwe zonke iinkcukacha kugqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho angatsalela umnxeba kwa-0860 100 608 xa efuna uncedo.
Emva kokuba iqwalaselwe ifomu yakho yesicelo, uza kufumana i-SMS eqinisekisayo ukuba sifunyenwe isicelo sakho. Uza kuchazelwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuba kufuneka amanye amaxwebhu ukuze kugqityezelwe ukubhaliswa kwesicelo sakho.
Emva kokuba luqukunjelwe ubhaliso lwefomu yakho yesicelo, kuza kuthunyelwa iphakeji yelungu enamakhadi obulungu kunye nesikhokelo esineenkcukacha ezibanzi ngobulungu, kwidilesi yakho yeposi.
<fn>(492010115548 AM) PHR brochure_Xhosa.txt</fn>
Ingaba umboneleli wokhathalelo lwempilo angakwazi ukucela iFayili yam yeMpilo yesiGulane?
Ifayili yempilo yesigulane ifunyanwa kuphela lilungu eliyintloko. Lilungelo lakho ukukhetha ukuba ufuna ukuchazela bani na ngolu lwazi.
Iluncedo njani iFayili yeMpilo yesiGulane?
Inganceda ekuphuculeni izinga lokhathalelo lwempilo yakho njengokuba umboneleli wakho weenkonzo zokhathalelo lwempilo ezakuba nalo lonke ulwazi aludingayo.
Ifayili yempilo ikwaqulathe nenkcazelo malunga nezinto ezingavumelani nomzimba wakho, nto leyo eyakuba luncedo ekunciphiseni iimpazamo zonyango.
Akusayi kuphindaphindwa uvavanyo lonyango! Lonke uvavanyo osele ulwenzile luyakubhalwa phantsi, nto leyo eyakwenza izibonelelo zakho zihlale ixeshana.
Uyakuthi ke ngoko ucelwe ukuba ufake idilesi yakho ye-imeyili ukuba unqwenela ukuthunyelelwa ikopi yayo ngekhompyutha kungenjalo cofa kwiqhosha elithi "Cancel" ukuze ubone ikopi enokushicilelwa.
Kumele ube kanti uselilungu le-GEMS ukuze ube nokufumana iziphumo zamva nje.
Ngamalungu ayintloko KUPHELA anokucela olu lwazi.
Amalungu kumele abe ne-PIN yokungena esasebenzayo. Yona ingenziwa kwiwebhusayithi.
Nceda ungathandabuzi ukuqhagamshelana nathi kwa-0860 00 4367 xa ufuna uncedo ngokusebenzisa le nkonzo.
<fn>(527201093223 AM) Xhosa Maternity Programme.txt</fn>
kumanqanaba onke exesha lokuthwala, kokuba ulaliswe esibhedlele nasemva kokubeleka usana lokulaliswa kunye nelasemva kokubeleka. lwakho. Injongo yoku kukuqhubekeka nokukunika ingcebiso kunye nolwazi kwiintsuku zokuqala zobuzali. INkqubo yezoBeleko ikhokelwa ngabongikazi abanamava, ababhalisiweyo nabaneempepha zokubelekisa ngaphezulu.
Incwadi yokuthwala, Ingcebiso ngezibonelelo ezizakuhlawulelwa yi-GEMS xa neentsuku zokuqala zobuzali xa ubhalisa kwiNkqubo ulalisiwe kunye nezinto onokuzikhetha.
Ibhegi yezobeleko oyithunyelwayo kwinqanaba lesithathu ukwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba xa kusenziwa izigqibo lokuthwala. ngumbelekisi okanye ngugqirha wakho eziphathelelene Ungena simahla kwiinkonzo zonke ezibonelelwa yiNkqubo nempilo yakho kunye neendlela zokubeleka yezoBeleko. onokuzikhetha.
Ingcebiso kunye ufumana IsiCwangciso esinikwa soNakekelo ugqirha wakho iingxaki kwezi veki zokuqala zimbalwa zobuzali. ngonyango olufanelekileyo olufunekayo ngeli xa uthwele.
QAPHELA: Ukuze wonwabele izibonelelo kunyanzelekile ukuba ubhalise kule nkqubo.
Kukucebisa ngemiba efana nendlela yokutya, yokwenza imithambo, ngezinto ezincinci ezingakuphathi kakuhle ngeli xa uthwele, ngokubelekela ekhaya, ngokuzinyanga ngokwakho nangokuncancisa.
Ukuba umntwana wakho ulaliswe kwicandelo leemveku nangasiphi na isizathu, umphathi womba wakho uyakuhlola inkqubela yosana lwakho ngokuthi aqhagamshelane nesibhedlele.
Umphathi wemiba uyakubakho ukuze akuxhase wena nosana lwakho de kwenziwe uhlolo lwasemva kokubeleka.
Umphathi wemiba uyakwazi ukukuthumela kwiindawo ezifaneleyo eziquka ababelekisi, oogqirha, izipeshalisti, izibhedlele, amacandelo okubelekisa kunye namaqela enkxaso alapha eMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>(762010101326 AM) 1495 Final Gems Birthing Options_XHOSA.txt</fn>
Ukufumana umntwana kuyakuba sesinye sezehlo ezonwabisayo kodwa ezixinzelelayo ebomini. Kwelinye icala, ulangazelela ukwamkela usana lwakho obukade ululindele emva kweenyanga ezilithoba. Kanti ke kwel-inye icala, uzakube ucinga ngendlela onokuqinisekisa ngayo ukuba iin-guqu ezenzeka emntwaneni wakho ukusuka esibelekweni ukuza ehla-bathini azoyikisi kakhulu.
Ngokwazi izinto onokuzikhetha nangokuya kubaboneleli bakho beenkonzo zezempilo, ungenza isigqibo esikulungeleyo wena nosana lwakho. Impilo yakho kunye nempilo-ntle yakho jikelele, kwakunye ney-osana oluthweleyo, ziyakuba zezona zinto zijongwayo kuludwe lwezinto onokuzikhetha. Qinisekisa ukuba uyayiqonda into ezakwenzeka nokuba yintoni na eluncedo kunye nengeloncedo ngezi zinto uzikhethileyo.
Ukubeleka okuqhelekileyo kuqala ngokuzenzekelayo ukusukela kwiveki yama-37 ukuya kweyama-42 yokuthwala.
Wena nosana lwakho niyakubekwa elisweni ngalo lonke eli xesha lokubeleka kwaye abasebenzi bezempilo abaqeqeshiweyo bayakufumana xa unokuthi uhlangabezane namagingxigingxi.
Ukuhlola okugqithisileyo kungakhokelela kunyango olungeyomfuneko.
Ukubelekela ekhaya yinto onokuyikhetha ekhuselekileyo, ukuba ukuthwala kwakho kuhlala kuyilento ilindelekileyo, umbelekisi wakho usebenzisa izixhobo zale mihla nezithwalekayo kwaye uyakwazi ukufikelela ekhayeni lakho kwangexesha.
Ukuba uhlangabezana neenzima, uncedo olufumanayo luxhomekeke kumava omongikazi okanye ombelekisi nobulula bokuthumeleka esibhedlele ukuba oku kuba yimfuneko.
Oku kukubeleka okuqhelekileyo okwenzelwa emanzini kwaye kungasetyenziswa njengendlela yokupholisa iintlungu ngexesha lokubeleka.
Kungakho ingozi yokungenwa ziintsholongwane kuwe nakusana.
Usana lubelekwa ngenxeba elenziwa kumazantsi esisu nas-esibelekweni. Lunganceda ubomi bosana nobonina, kodwa iimpembelelo zotyando olukhulu nezeyeza lokulalisa zinga-bangela unina ahlangabezane neenzima.
Utyando oluKhethiweyo lucwangciswa ngeli xa uthwele ngenxa yeenzima zengulo okanye zokubeleka, xa ukubeleka kubonakala kungakhuselekanga elusaneni okanye kunina.
Utyando ngeXesha loNxunguphalo lwenziwa xa kubakho iinzima ngeli xesha ubeleka. Ngamanye amaxesha isidingo sotyando asibonakali de uqalise ukubeleka kwaye abanye oomama abebejonge ukubeleka ngokwesiqhelo kuye kume-le babeleke ngotyando.
Ukubeleka kwakho kuqhuba kakubi.
Isizalo sincinci kakhulu.
Ukubetha kwentliziyo yosana, okuyakuhlolwa kumatshini wokukhangela ngeli xesha ubeleka, kungabonisa ukuba usana luyasokola ngeli xa ubeleka.
Ukuba usana lwakho lungahlala esibelekweni ngendlela eyenza intloko ibe ngentla zize iinyawo zibe ngezantsi (uku-xwesa) kwiintsuku zokugqibela zokuthwala, ukubeleka ngo-tyando yeyona ndlela inokukhethwa inengozi encinci.
Ukuthwala abantwana abaninzi umz.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukubeleka ngotyando kuyimfuneko.
Utyando yeyona ndlela yokubeleka ikhethwayo koomama abaneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo. Oku kuthoba amathuba okosulelwa kosana ngunina ngeNtsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Kumaxesha amaninzi, indlela yokubeleka ekhethwayo emva kokubeleka ngotyando ngaphambili kukuphinda ubeleke ngotyando.
Olu luhlaselo lwesibeleko yintsholongwane olunokuthi lwenzeke kwiintsuku ezine ukuya kwezisixhenxe emva kotyando.
Kuqhelwe ukunyangwa ngeyeza elibangela isibeleko simana sibambana sikhululeke ukuze siphelise ukopha.
Ukuthiwa igazi, utyando, kuze phantsi kwezinye iimeko ezinqabileyo ukukhutshwa kwesibeleko kube yimfuneko.
Kungakho ukonzakala kwesinyi okanye kwamathumbu.
Kufuneka ubhalise kwiNkqubo yezoBeleko ukuze ufikelele kwizibonelelo njengelungu lelinye lala macandelo ezibonelelo ze-GEMS alandelayo.
Iquka isibonelelo sobeleko kunxibelelwano lwezibhedlele zabucala ezichongiweyo.
<fn>(862010100056 AM) GEMS AR09-10(Member)XHOSA(2).txt</fn>
Ubhaliso luqala ngentsimbi ye-8 kusasa.
Ukufumana nokwamkela iingxelo zezemali zonyaka ophele ngowama-31 kuDisemba ka-2009, kuqukwa neeNgxelo zeBhodi yaBaphathiswa kunye neNgxelo evela kubaphicothi-zincwadi beGEMS bangaphandle.
Ukuphinda kuqeshwe uSizweNtsaluba VSP njengomphicothi-zincwadi wangaphandle weencwadi zeNgxowa-mali ngokwemimiselo yomGaqo wama-27.1 wemiGaqo yeGEMS.
Kucelwa isihoyo kumaLungu anqwenela ukufaka imiba efuna ukushukuxwa kunye/okanye ukusonjululwa kwi-ajenda yentlanganiso ngemimiselo yemigaqo 28.1.5.1 ukuya ku-28.1.5.
Isisombululo eso esiphakanyisiweyo kumele sifikelele kwiGosa eliyiNtloko kwiintsuku ezingadlulanga kwezili-10 phambi komhla wentlanganiso kawonke-wonke yonyaka.
Isisombululo eso esiphakanyiswayo kumele sikhatshwe yimemo enika inkcazelo nechaza ngokucacileyo ukuba kutheni esi sisombululo siphakanyiswayo kumele sijongiwe kunye nentsusa yesi sisombululo siphakanyiswayo.
Amagama aphakanyiswayo esi sisombululo ekufanele senziwe kufuneka angeniswe.
Akukho sisombululo sophula okanye singquzulana noMthetho, neMiqathango okanye nale migaqo esiya kufakwa kwi-ajenda ukuze siqwalaselwe kwintlanganiso kawonke-wonke yonyaka.
Isigqibo sokuba ingaba umba kumele uqukwe kwi-ajenda yentlanganiso kawonke-wonke yonyaka kusini na siya kwenziwa liGosa eliyiNtloko, elisenokucela isikhokelo kwiBhodi.
Ukuba iGosa eliyiNtloko liphanzile okanye lalile ukufaka umba okanye isisombululo esiphakanyiswayo kwi-ajenda yentlanganiso kawonke-wonke yonyaka, ilungu elo lingacela iGosa eliyiNtloko ukuba linike izizathu zesigqibo salo ngembalelwano, lize emva koko, ukuba oku kuyimfuneko, eli Lungu licele ukuba lo mba kwenziwe isigqibo ngawo kwintlanganiso ekhethekileyo enokubanjwa ngokwemimiselo yomgaqo 28.2.
Ngokomyalelo weBhodi yaBaphathiswa.
b Intlanganiso iye yaphawula ukuba uNksz Vumendlini-Schalk uya kuyihlalela le ntlanganiso ngokwemimiselo yomGaqo 28.1.8 weGEMSkubauSihlalo, uNjingRichardLevinwayeyekuvotololwabiwo-mali loMphathiswaweeNkonzokunyenoLawulo loLuntu kwisikhundla sakhe njengoMlawuli Jikelele weSebe leeNkonzo noLawulo loLuntu.
c USihlalo wentlanganiso uye waqinisekisa ukuba inani lamalungu angama-30 elimiselweyo ukuze intlanganiso iqale, njengoko kumiselwe kumGaqo 28.1.3 weGEMS ingaba kufikelelwe kulo kusini na.
g USihlalo wentlanganiso uye wanika iGosa eliyiNtloko leNgxowa-mali, uGqr Eugene Watson, ithuba lokwenza ingxelo kwintlanganiso malunga nentsebenzo yeNgxowa-mali kwimisebenzi yayo yeli xesha lihlaziywayo. UGqr Watson uye waqhubeka nokunika intlanganiso iindaba eziphambili ngentsebenzo yeNgxowa-mali eyithelekisa necebo elivunyiweyo loka-2008 kunye nezalathiso zoshishino eziphambili kunye nemiba yamvanje eye yazibonakalisa ngeli xesha lihlaziywayo.
d Intlanganiso iphinde yaphawula ukuba amalungu eNgxowa-mali abechongwe ngamanye amalungu ukuze avowute egameni lawo onke angaBaphathiswa kunye namalungu eqela laBaphathi abaLawula iNgxowa-mali. Aba bantu bachongiweyo baye babonisa kwintlanganiso yeBhodi yaBaphathiswa yangomhla wama-23 kuJuni ka-2009 indlela abanqwenela ukuvotela ngayo isisombululo ngasinye esondlalwe entlanganisweni.
e Emva kokondlalwa nokuxoxwa kwesisombululo ngasinye kwezi zilandelayo, uSihlalo uye wachazela amalungu indlela ezi proksi zichongiweyo eziye zavota ngayo waza wondlala izisombululo ukuze zamkelwe.
Ngokwemimiselo yeefomu zeproksi ezifunyenweyo, amalungu angama-206 avotele ukuba kwamkelwe imiZuzu yeNtlanganiso kaWonke-wonke yoNyaka yesiBini yamalungu eyayibanjwe ngomhla wama-30 kuJuni ka-2008 njengomfanekiso ochanekileyo wentlanganiso, njengokuba ilungu eli-1 liye lanqwenela ukungathathi nxaxheba kuvoto.
USihlalo wentlanganiso wazise amalungu akhoyo ukuba ngokwemimiselo yeefomu zeproksi ezifunyenweyo, amalungu angama-205 avotele ukuba iiNgxelo zezeMali zoNyaka zika-2008 zamkelwe, kwaye akukho malungu avotele ukuza zingamkelwa ezi ngxelo zezemali. AmaLungu ama-2 anqwenele ukungathathi nxaxheba kuvoto.
Intlanganiso iphawule ukuba iSizweNtsaluba VSP iqeshwe ukusukela ngomhla woku-1 kuJanuwari ka-2006 yiBhodi yaBaphathiswa yeNgxowa-mali yeXeshana emva kokuba bekulandelwe inkqubo yethenda ka-2005. Le nkampani iye yaphinda yaqeshwa ngamalungu eNgxowa-mali ukuze iphicothe iingxelo zezemali zeNgxowa-mali zexesha eliphela ngowama-31 kuDisemba ka-2007, kwakunye neengxelo zezemali zexesha eliphela ngowama-31 kuDisemba ka-2008 emva kokuba le nkampani ibonise ukuba iyakwazi ukukwenza oku kwaye inesakhono sokuphicotha iingxelo zezemali zeNgxowa-mali ngokwemimiselo yomthetho.
Intlanganiso iye yeva ukuba kuye kwalandelwa inkqubo yethenda evulelekileyo ukuze kuchongwe inkampani yophicotho lweencwadi enokuqeshwa njengabaphicothi-zincwadi bangaphandle beNgxowa-mali yalo nyaka wezemali uphela ngowama-31 kuDisemba ka-2009.
Ukunika bonke abasebenzi beenkonzo zoluntu ithuba elilinganayo lokufikelela kwizibonelelo zonakekelo lwempilo ezifikelelekayo ngokwemalinezipheleleyo.
Ukuhlangabezana nengozi ngaphambi kokuba yenzeke ngokunempumelelo, ngenjongo yokuvala ukuba sesichengeni kweNgxowa-malikwiilahleko.
ABaphathiswa basebenzile kwiiKomiti ngo-2009 njengoko kuxeliwe kumacandelo esi-7 nawes-8 eNgxelo yeBhodi. IBhodi iqinisekise ngoHlahlelo lwayo lweNtsebenzo yeBhodi yaminyaka le ukuba iiKomiti zisebenza kakuhle kwaye iingxelo eziya kwiBhodi zezezinga eliphezulu.
Imimiselo yolawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha esetyenziswa yiNgxowa-mali iye yaphuculwa ngeli xesha ihlaziywayo ngokuthi kuqalwe inkqubo yokuphicotha yaBaphathiswa, yamalungu ekomiti azimeleyo neyabasebenzi. Inkqubo yokuphicotha yinxalenye yemigaqo yolawulo lokuziphatha kweNgxowa-mali ehlanganisa iikomiti zeNgxowa-mali zaBaphathi nezolawulo, iiNkqubo zakwa-Human Resources, i-SupplyChainManagementkunyenesiCwangcisonomGaqo-nkqubowoThintelolobuQhophololo.
Unyulo lwaBaphathiswa abanyulwa ngamaLungu kumele lwenzeke ngebhalothi kwaye ngokwenkqubo emiselwe kwimigaqo.
Kumele bagunyazise ukuba aba bantu banyulwe ngamaLungu, nyani bangabantu abanesidima.
Ukuba iBhodi ithe emva kokujonga le ngxelo ngalo mntu okanye ngeli qela lizimeleyo yaza yaneliseka ukuba unyulo luqhutywe ngokwenkqubo eyalelwe yiBhodi nenkqubo ekhululekileyo nenobulungisa, iGosa eliyiNtloko kumele lazise amaLungu ngembalelwano ngonyulo lwawo kunye nomhla, nexesha kunye nendawo yentlanganiso elandelayo yeBhodi baze babameme ukuba baye kuloo ntlanganiso.
Umsebenzi wokulungisa amanqwanqwa emivuzo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuchaphazeleka koninzi lwamalungu lunyuso lwemivuzo nokuqinisekisa usasazo lwamanqwanqwa emivuzo ngendlela elinganayo namalungu kwinqwanqwa lomvuzo ngalinye, uyakwenziwa ngo-2010. Kwaye kuyakwenziwe nenguqu kwimigaqo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuqokelelwa kwemali yamatyala ebuyiselwe umva ngenxa yeenguquzemivuzo.
INgxowa-mali iqale inkqubo yokusebenzisa iimvulophu zoshishino zokuphendula kwimiba ephathelelene nothungelwano olufuna impendulokumalungu.
Kuye kwaqalwa iingxelo zemirhumo zekota ukunceda amalungu aqinisekise ukuba imirhumo yawo ihlawulwa ngexesha rhoqo.
Kuye kongezwa amaxesha eenkonzo kumaziko oncedo ngomnxeba nakumaziko ekungenwayo kuwo, kuqukwa neenkonzo zangemiGqibelo.
IBhodi ikholisekile ziziphumo ezize naBaphathi abaziNkokeli zeNgxowa-mali kunye nabasebenzi abaphantsi kwenkokelo yeGosa eliyiNtloko.
NjengeGosa eliyiNtloko, ndiligosa eliphendulayo leNgxwa-mali kwaye luxanduva lwam ukuqinisekisa ukuba izicwangciso zomsebenzi zeNgxowa-mali zilungiselelwe ukwenza isicwangciso saMacebo oshishino esivunywe yiBhodi sibe nentsebenzo kwaye sisebenze lula, kwaye, nangaphezulu, ndiqinisekise ukuba iingxelo ezimiselweyo zokuchaza intsebenzo ngokuthelekisa nezalathisi zentsebenzo ziyenzekarhoqo.
IsiCwangciso saMacebo oShishino sisebenze njengomyalelo wako konke kubaphathi ngonyaka wemali ka-2009. Ngokwale ngcinga, ndingenisa ingxelo ephathelelene nesiCwangciso saMacebo oShishini. Inkcazelo encedisayo malunga nezalathisi zoshishino ezibalulekileyo, neendlela zamvanje kunye namanani anikezelwe kwiNgxelo yeBhodi yaBaphathiswa equlathwe kumaphepha asukela kwelama-23ukuyakwelama-50kulengxelo.
UMphathiswa weeNkonzo kunye noLawulo loLuntu uhleli echazelwa ngemo yeNgxowa-mali kwaza kwakho ubudlelwane obuvela macalakunyenaye.
NeeNkonzo zoLawulo lwesiFo sikaGawulayo kubabonelelwa bawo onke amacandelo ezibonelelo eGEMS abhalisiweyo.
Umsebenzi wokufumanisa amanye amalungiselelo okubuyiswa kwemali uqaliswe ngokwenziwa kweprojekthi yovavanyo phakathi kweNgxowa-mali kunye neKZN Specialist Network. Injongo yeprojekthi yovavanyo kukufumanisa nokulinganisela ukuthobeka kweendleko zonakekelo lwempilo okunokuthi kubekho ngenxa yephulo lentsebenziswano elinokwenziwa yiNgxowa-mali kunye nonxibelelwano lwababoneleli bonakekelo lwempilo. Bekuthethwe nazo nezibhedlele ngezinye iindlela zokuhlawulela amalungiselelo okubuyiselaimaliyenkonzo.
UmGaqo-nkqubo weNgxowa-mali woLawulo lweNgozi uye waphinda wahlaziywa ukuze uquke izalathiso ezichanekileyo zeNgxelo ka-KingIIImayelananoLawulolweeNkampani.
Uxanduva lwesicwangciso sokugcina imali lumele imirhumo yesicwangciso semali eselugcinweni eyile nxalenye idipozithwayo yesivumelwano se-inshorensi esiphakathi kwamalungu neNgxowa-mali, itsalwe amabango ahlawulwe yiNgxowa-mali kuxanduva lwemali eselugcinweni egameni lamalungu ayo. Le mali eyidipozithi yahlulahluliwe, kuba iNgxowa-mali iyakwazi ukulinganisela le mali yedipozithi ecaleni kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo yayo yobalo-mali ayilindelanga ukuba ingxowa-mali yamkele onke amatyala kunye namalungelo avela kule mali yedipozithi. Inxalenye ye-inshorensi yemirhumo yamalungu yanyanga le yamkelwa ngokwemimiselo ye-IFRS 4.
Imisebenzi yotyalo-mali yeNgxowa-mali iyibeka esichengeni seentlobo-ntlobo zeengozi zezemali, kuqukwa nefuthe lemilinganiselo yenzala. Inkqubo yeNgxowa-mali yolawulo lwengozi iphelele ijolise kukungabinazigqibo kweemarike zemali kwaye ikhangela indlela yokuthoba ifuthe elinokuba libi kwintsebenzo yezemali yotyalo-mali lweNgxowa-mali ukuze ifezekise uxanduva lwayo kumalungu.
Izitathistikhi zoshishino olubalulekileyo kunye nemida yentsebenzo ivezwa kweli candelo leNgxelo yeBhodi ukubonisa indlela ishishini leNgxowa-mali elikhule ngayo, indlela iinkonzo ezinikezelwe ngayo kunye nendlela ishishini eliqhube ngayo ngeli xesha.
Ukukhula kobulungu ngo-2009 kubangele iNgxowa-mali yongeze amalungu amatsha angama-109,000 kulo nyaka. Ukwanda kobulungu kubangele ukwanda kwinani leminxeba yamabango afunyenweyo, ahlolwa aza ahlawulwa. Ngokupheleleyo, iNgxowa-mali iye yahlawula amabango angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-47 ngo-2009 (xa kuthelekiswa namabango azizigidi ezingama-32 ngo-2008).
Icandelo le-Emerald liselelona candelo lezibonelelo likhulu (i-76.6% yamalungu ayintloko) njengokuba i-Beryl iselelona candelo lezibonelelo lincinci apha kwiNgxowa-mali (i-2.8% yamalungu ayintloko). Icandelo le-Sapphire lelona libonise eyona pesenti inkulu yokonyuka kukhulu ngelungu ngenyanga xa ithelekiswa namanye. Eli candelo libonise owona mlinganiselo wokukhula kwiinyanga ezintlanu ezilandelelanayo ukuya kutsho ngoDisemba, lingqinisisa impumelelo yephulo leNgxowa-mali lokubhengezela abantu abathile kwezi nyanga zichaphazelekayo.
Ngo-2009 ulinganiselo lwabantwana abaxhomekekileyo xa luthelekiswa namalungu ayintloko kwiGEMS lunyukile kancinci ukusuka kwi-1.20 ukuya kwi-1.28, njengokuba ulinganiselo lwabantu abadala abaxhomekekileyo lwehlile ukusuka ku-0.54 ukuya ku-0.53. INgxowa-mali ibonise unyuko kumyinge wobukhulu bosapho njengesiphumo sezi zinto zingentla.
Ukuhlawulwa kwamabango kumele inxalenye enkulu yomsebenzi owenziwe yiGEMS.
Kukonke, amabango angaphandle kwesibhedlele bengaphezulu kakhulu kunoko bekulindelwe, ukutsho oko, bengaphezulu nge-18.77% kunoko bekulindelwe. Zonke iindleko zamabango angaphandle kwesibhedlele ngaphandle kweezikeni ze-ultrasound zokuthwala, bengaphezulu kunolwabiwo-mali. Iindindi zamabango ezibe neyona yantlukwano yepesenti inkulu kunolwabiwo-mali ibizezamazinyo ezikhethekileyo, iNtsholongwane/isiFo sikaGawulayo kunye nokubelekela ekhaya. Kodwa, ngaphandle kweNtsholongwane/kwesiFo sikaGawulayo, xa kuthethwa iyantlukwano ibikho kulwabiwo-mali yezi ndidi zamabango ibingekho kangako.
Xa kuthethwa, eyona yantlukwano inkulu kunolwabiwo-mali lwamabango angaphandle kwesibhedlele ngoogqirha abakhethekileyo bangaphandle kwesibhedlele, amayeza ezigulo ezifutshane nawokuzinyanga, iNtsholongwane/isiFo sikaGawulayo kunye nezamazinyo ezikhethekileyo. La mabango ibingawo abangela iyantlukwano ebikho kumabango angaphandle kwesibhedlele ngo-2009.
Ukonyuka kweendleko ngobom xa ulaliswe esibhedlele nge-16% kumayelana nokonyuka kweentlawulo zesiqhelo kunye neenguqu kwixesha elihlalwayo esibhedlele njengoko kuboniswe kwigrafu apha ngezantsi.
Ukuguga kwamalungu kwaye kucaca.
Intshukumo koovimba iboniswe kwiiNgxelo zeeNguqu eziMalini nakooVimba. Khange kubekho ntshukumo ingaqhelekanga ekucaciseka ukuba aBaphathiswa bafuna iboniswe amalungu eNgxowa-mali.
Ukusekelwa kwezibalo kunye nentshukumo yemali ebekelwe amabango angekahlawulwa kuiboniswe kwiNqaku 8 leengxelo zezemali zonyaka. Khange kubekho ntshukumo ingaqhelekanga ekucaciseka ukuba aBaphathiswa bafuna iboniswe amalungu eNgxowa-mali.
INgxowa-mali ayinatyalo-mali kubaqeshi abathatha inxaxheba kule Ngxowa-mali.
IGosa eliyiNtloko, uMlawuli: ezeMali zeNgxowa-mali, umPhathi wezeMali woMlawuli, aBaphicothi-zincwadi bangaPhakathi beNgxowa-mali kunye naBaphicothi-zincwadi bangaPhandle babakho xa bemenyiwe kwiintlanganiso zeKomiti kwaye bayakwazi ukufikelela kuSihlalo weKomiti yaBaphicothi-zincwadi.
Ngokwemimiselo yamagatya e-Act, umsebenzi ophambili weKomiti yaBaphicothi-zincwadi kukuncedisa iBhodi yaBaphathiswa ekwenzeni imisebenzi yayo emayelana nemigaqo-nkqubo yobalo-mali lweNgxowa-mali, iinkqubo zolawulo zangaphakathi kunye neengxelo zezemali kunye nezithethe zokulawula iingozi. IKomiti yaBaphicothi-zincwadi iyenzile imisebenzi yayo ngokwemimiselo ye-Audit Committee Charter ka-2009. Abaphicothi-zincwadi bangaPhandle naBaphicothi-zincwadi bangaPhakathi bafaka ingxelo ngokusesikweni kwiKomiti ngemiba ebalulekileyo efunyanisiweyo evela kwimisebenzi yokuhlolwa kweencwadi.
IiKomiti ezidweliswe apha ngezantsi ziyalelwe yiBhodi yaBaphathiswa ngokwemimiselo yesalathiso esibhaliweyo ngamalungu azo, amagunya azo kunye nemisebenzi yazo. Ezi Komiti zihlangana kanye ngekota ubuncinane kwaye njengokuba kubonisiwa kwisicwangciso sonyaka esivunywayo ngonyaka ngamnye. Iintlanganiso zeKomiti zihanjwa ngaBaphathiswa, aBaphathi beNgxowa-mali kunye namanye amagcisa angengomalungu ezi Komiti, aza njengabacebesi. Iitheybhile kumaphepha 49 no-50 zibonisa ukuhanjwa kweentlanganiso zeeKomiti ezahlukileyo.
Uxanduva oluphambili lweKomiti kukunceda iBhodi yaBaphathiswa ekuqinisekiseni ukuphathwa kweNgxowa-mali kakuhle ngokubonelela ngokujonga, ukuphicotha kunye nokuhlaziya iinkalo zonke zoshishino kunye nemisebenzi yeNgxowa-mali. Ukwenza oku, iKomiti incedisa iBhodi yaBaphathiswa ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho unaniselwano olungenamagingxiginxi phakathi kwababoneleli abohlukileyo ukuze kufezekiswe iinjongo zemisebenzi yeNgxowa-mali. IKomiti ikwanceda iBhodi ekuqinisekiseni ukukhula kobulungu beNgxowa-mali nokujongwa kakuhle kwemiba yamalungu ngokujonga imisebenzi yothungelwano neyokubhengeza.
Uxanduva oluphambili lwale Komiti kukuphicotha, yenze isigqibo ize inike ingxelo ngokuvunywa kweentlawulo zobuntu kumalungu eNgxowa-mali. IKomiti iyalelwe ukuba ivume iintlawulo ezibonisa ubuntu kuphela xa imeko kunye nokunganikezelwa konyango kusongela ubom bomntu; unyango luyakukhokelela ekuphuculweni kwezinga lobom lomceli-ncedo; unyango lufanelekile ngokwezonyango kwaye lusekelwe kwizikhokelo nemigaqo yezonyango esekelwe kubungqina neyamkelekileyo kumazwe ngamazwe; okanye umceli-ncedo ubonisile ukuba akanakukwazi ukufikelela kunyango nangayiphi na indlela.
IKomiti iyalelwe yiBhodi yaBaphathiswa ukuze iqinisekise ngolawulo lwenkampani olukhuselekileyo ngokuthi ijonge, iphicothe kwaye ihlaziye zonke iinkalo zamacebo oshishino, zolawulo kunye nokuthotyelwa komthetho lushishino leNgxowa-mali. Uxanduva lwale Komiti luquka ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa komthetho we-Medical Schemes Act kunye nemiGaqo yayo; imithetho yokupeyithenta kunye noweempawu zorhwebo; nayiphi na eminye imithetho ephathelelene neshishini leNgxowa-mali. IKomiti ikwayalelwe ukuba iqinisekise ulawulo lwengozi olusebenzayo kunye nolawulo lwabanesabelo olusebenzayo.
Uxanduva oluphambili lwale Komiti kukuzijongela ngokuzimeleyo nokuhlalela iingxwabangxwaba ezithunyelwa liGosa eliyiNtloko kwiKomiti yeeNgxwabangxwaba ukuze yenze isigwebo inike ingcebiso kwiBhodi yaBaphathiswa ngendlela yokuhlangabezana neengxwabangxwaba jikelele.
<fn>(87200915111 PM) isiXhosa.txt</fn>
Emva kweenyanga ezili-18 lixesha lokuba sithi enkosi!
Ukuvuselelwa kwekontraki yengqesho: Qiniseka ukuba ukugcwaliswa kwamaphepha kwenziwe!
Sesiphakathi ku-2009 kwaye siphakathi ebusika. Njengoko iintsuku zisiba mfutshane kwaye zisiya zibanda, sinethemba lokuzisa ukufudumala nokukhululeka kuwe ngohlelo lwethu lwesibini lwe-2009.
I-Facets entsha ifumene usabelo olonwabisayo oluvela kumalungu kwaye siyathemba ukuba uzakulufumanisa lunomdla, linomtsalane kwaye luluncedo olu hlelo.
Xa umntu ecinga ukuba imisebenzi ye-GEMS ijolise ngokupheleleyo ekugcineni amalungu ethu angaphezulu kwama-350 000 onwabile kwaye esempilweni, kuyamangalisa ukuba kunqabe kangakanani na ukwabelana ngamabali ayinyani - kaninzi aneziphelo ezonwabisayo - zamalungu ethu. Elinye ibali elinjalo, lelikaMzimasi Ngqelu kunye nokuba wabuyiswa njani na kukhuko lokufa, elisanda kufika kutsha nje kwii-ofisi zethu. Saye sachukumiseka sonke ziimpembelelo i-GEMS eye yanazo kubomi bukaMzimasi. Andizikulenza ukuba lingabi namdla ibali ngokubalisa yonke into apha; kodwa ukuba utyhila kwiphepha elilandelayo ungalifunda eli bali likhuthazayo.
Kolu hlelo sikwaveza olwethu ukhuphiswano lwamalungu, i-Sisonke, evuselelwe ngamava kaMzimasi. Siyakukhuthaza ukuba ungenele olu khuphiswano kuba singathanda ukwazi ukuba i-GEMS ibuchukumise njani na ubomi bakho.
Nangona siphakathi ku-2009, sele sazise iinkonzo ezintsha zamalungu. Kolu hlelo uzakufunda ngokungaphaya malunga neNkqubo yokuBeleka yethu ekhethekileyo, eyasekwa ngowo-1 Meyi 2009 kwaye ebonelela amalungu akhulelweyo ngenkxaso, imfundo kunye namacebo kwibakala ngalinye lokukhulelwa kwawo kunye nangexesha elisemva kokuba ebelekile.
Siseke iintsuku zokuhlolwa kwempilo ze-GEMS, ezizisa iinkonzo zokuhlolwa kwempilo kuwe emsebenzini wakho. Enye inkonzo entsha eveziweyo kolu hlelo kukuKhangela iiBhenefithi nge-SMS (SMS Benefit Lookup) yethu, leyo amalungu akhuthazwayo ukuba ayisebenzise. Kuphela nje ekufuneka ukwenze kukumisela ukuba zeziphi iibhenefithi onazo phambi kokuba wenze ibango kwaye uthumela i-SMS kwiSikim sakho esigqwesileyo, kwaye siyakubuyela kuwe kwimizuzwana nje engephi kunye nalo lonke ulwazi olufunayo!
Nganye kwezi nkonzo zintsha ichazwe ngokweenkcukacha ngokungaphaya kweli phetshana - ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba ufunda konke malunga nayo. Ekulungiseni lo myalezo ndizamile, njengoko ndihlala ndisenza, ukubonisa amalungu ethu ukuba i- GEMS iqhuba ngokungadinwayo ukulandela ukugqwesa. Ubulungu buyaqhuba bukhula kwaye amalungu ethu athathwa kwaye ephathwa njengabantu abafanelwe zezona nkonzo zokusebenza zigqwesileyo.
Ubomi buka Mnu. Mzimasi Ngqelu's baye batshintsha ngokupheleleyo ukusukela kolo suku lubi awaphantse wasweleka ngalo kwingozi embi yemoto. Kodwa uNgqelu, uSekela Mlawuli: kwezoNxibelelwano, kwiSebe lamaShishini kaRhulumente, olilungu le-GEMS, akalikhumbulanga olo suku ukudlula ngexesha kutsha nje afumene ngalo ibhili yezonyango yokugqibela eposini.
Waye watshintshelwa kwiziko lokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo abonzakeleyo e- Kensington, e-Johannesburg, apho wafumana unyango lokuziqhelanisa nokusebenzisa amalungu omzimba kunye nohlolo lwengqondo.
Sinebhongo lokuvakalisa ukuba abaxhamli ngoku banofikelelo kwiNkqubo yokuBeleka ye-GEMS entsha. Inkqubo yaphunyezwa ngomhla woku-1 Meyi 2009 kwaye ibonelela abaxhamli abakhulelweyo ngenkxaso, imfundo kunye namacebo kuwo onke amabakala okukhulelwa kwabo kunye nangexesha elisemva kokubeleka.
Isebenza njani inkqubo?
Le nkqubo yonganyelwe ngabaphathi abasebenza ngayo, abangabongikazi ababhalisiweyo abanamava abaneziqinsekiso ezongezelelweyo zokubelekisa. Bayakukunceda ngenkqubo yokubhalisa kwaye kunokuqhagamshelwana nabo ngalo naliphi na ibakala lokukhulelwa kwakho ngoncedo kunye nolwazi.
Abaxhamli bafumana uyilo lokhathalelo lobuqu oluchaza iinkonzo zokubeleka ezivunywe yi-GEMS.
Unofikelelo kulwazi lwempilo oluya kukunceda ukuba wenze isigqibo ngempilo yakho kunye nokhetho lokubeleka nogqirha okanye umbelekisi wakho.
Icebo kunye nenkxaso yomnxeba iyafumaneka ukuba ngaba uhlangabezana neengxaki ngexa leeveki ezimbalwa lokuba ngumzali.
Nceda qaphela: Inkqubo isimahla kumalungu kwaye iibhenefithi eziqhelekileyo zokukhulelwa zisekhona. Inkqubo inika amalungu iibhenefithi ezininzi kodwa ke ayingeni endaweni yecebo elilungileyo lezonyango kunye nokhathalelo olufunyanwa ngamalungu koogqirha bawo.
Ndiyibhalisela njani inkqubo?
Ingaba uzikhangela kaninzi kanganani ungxamile iibhenefithi zakho Siyazi ukuba oku kuhlala kungxamisekile kwaye sisebenzise iingqondo zethu ukufumana isisombululo?
Ukuba ngaba umyalezo wakho we-SMS awuphumelelanga, uyakufumana impendulo evela kwa-GEMS ecacisayo ukuba kutheni. Ungayilungisa ke impazamo uze uthumele i-SMS entsha ukuze ufumane ulwazi olufunayo. Ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nceda uqhagamshelane neZiko eliTsalelwa iminxeba le-GEMS ku-0860 00 4367.
I-GEMS iphuhlise iinkonzo zokuhluzela impilo kumasebe, eqale ngomhla woku-1 Meyi 2009. Amalungu aza kuxhamla kweli thuba lifikelelekayo ukuze ahluzelwe iingozi ezikhoyo kunye nezinokubakhona zempilo ngobugcisa emisebenzini yabo. Injongo yethu kukwenza ukuba amalungu abe nako ukubona iingozi zempilo kusekwangoko ukuze ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo kuthintelwe okanye kuncitshiswe.
Abasebenzi bakarhulumente okwangoku abangengawo amalungu e-GEMS nabo bayakuba nako ukusebenzisa le nkonzo ikhethekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngosuku lokuhluzelwa ukuphila?
Ekumenyweni lisebe lakho, amagcisa okhathalelo lwempilo e-GEMS ayakumisela indawo yokuvavanyelwa impilo kwisebe lakho. Bonke abasebenzi abakwindawo baya kuba nako ukuza ngokuzithandela kuhluzo lwempilo usuku lonke.
Amagcisa okhathalelo lwempilo aya kubakhona ukuze axoxe ngembali yakho yempilo kwaye enze iimvavanyo zohluzo lonyango. Iziphumo zeemvavanyo kunye nembali ziyakuxoxwa kubantu ngabanye kwaye kuyakunikwa icebo lokuba manyathelo mani na angamanye amawathathwe.
Ngosuku lokuhluzelwa impilo lwe-GEMS, abasebenzi akufunekanga ukuba babeke iindawo ngabanye ngabanye, kuba abasebenzi bezempilo bayakube bebalindele kwindawo leyo. Kufuneka nje ngokulula beze! Ukuphululwa kwentloko nentamo nako kuyakwenziwa kubo bonke abasebenzi ngolo suku njengento eyongezelelekileyo kwisikim sakho sezonyango esigqwesileyo.
Bonke abasebenzi abathabathe inxaxheba kuhluzo lwempilo bayakufumana ulwazi olumalunga neengozi kwimpilo yabo yobuqu kunye namanyathelo ekufuneka athathwe ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa iingxaki zempilo.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo zempilo eziya kwenziwa?
Iswekile nekholesteroli yegazi (kufuneka ukuhlatywa kanye emnweni koku).
Ubunzima nobude, nesikhombisi sobunzima bomzimba.
Kwisigaba sesibini soluhlu lwethu lwe-WEB SMART sikuxelela ngokungaphaya ngecandelo elisanda kwaziswa ukuPhila Kwam (My Wellness) le-website ye-GEMS, elikunika lonke ulwazi ngempilo kunye namacebo owafunayo. Unofikelelo kumanqaku anika ulwazi lokuphila kunye nethala leencwadi lonyango elibanzi leempawu, iimeko, iinkqubo namayeza. Fumana isihloko osikhethayo ngokusebenzisa indlela elula yokukhangela. IZiko loNcedo lokuQala linika icebo lokuba ungawathatha njani na amanyathelo akhawulezayo xa kusenzeka ingxakeko yezonyango. Ungade ufunde nokubona iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo nokuba ulusebenzisa njani na uncedo lokuqala.
IKomiti yeMisebenzi INceda i-BOT ekuqinisekiseni imisebenzi eyoneleyo yeSikim, efana nokuqokelelwa kwemirhumo, ukuhlawulwa kwamabango kunye nokulawula iirekhodi zamalungu. Le komiti ikwanceda i-BOT ngopapasho kunye nonxibelelwano lwayo.
Committee njengokuhlawulwa kwamabango amalungu apho iibhenefithi eziqhelekileyo zingafumanekiyo khona. Indlela engqongqo esetyenziswayo iyasetyenziswa xa ikomiti idibana ngenyanga kwaye ithathela ingqalelo iintlawulo zesisa.
IKomiti yoLawulo, imiNgcipheko Iqinisekisa ukuba ulawulo olululo lwequmrhu luyasetyenziswa kwimicimbi nabaNtu abanomdla yeSikim, ngokuqinisekisa ukuba isikim asophuli nawuphi na umthetho ochaphazela imisebenzi yaso. Kufuneka iqinisekise kwakhona ukuba imingcipheko kushishino lweSikim iyachongwa kwaye ilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuba umdla wabo bonke abo banomdla ukhuselwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ikomiti yeeMbambanoNgokuzimeleyo ithethela ingqalelo kwaye ichophele nayiphi na imbambano enokuziswa kuyo liGosa eliyiNtloko ukuba igwetyelwe.
Ukuba ikontraki yakho yengqesho yeyexeshana, isisigxina okanye iyandiswa kwinkonzo karhulumente kubalulekile ukuba umsebenzi wokugcwaliswa kwamaphepha ekufuneka wenziwe uyenziwa xa ikontraki yakho ivuselelwa kunye nokuba ifakiwe kwinkqubo yabahlawulwayo. Ukuba oku akwenzeki, umvuzo wakho ngeke uhlawulwe kwaye i-GEMS ngeke ibe nako ukuqokelela imirhumo yakho yesikim sonyango. Oku kunokukhokelela ekunqunyanyisweni kweebhenefithi kunye nokwaliwa kwamabango akho eendleko zakho zonyango.
Cofa u-0800 21 2202 (ngaphandle kwentlawulo).
Ungahlala ungaziwa. Nika iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zesehlo kulowo uphendula umnxeba. Iinkcukacha ezinjalo zinokuquka: ubani, intoni, njani, phi, nini kunye nexabiso elibandakanyekayo.
Ukuba ngaba iyavuselelwa ikontraki yakho, kufuneka ufumane ukuqinisekiswa kwicandelo lakho le-HR lokuba uluhlu lwabahlawulwayo luhlaziyiwe ukuze ubulungu bakho be-GEMS buqhube ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Ixesha lawo onke la manyathelo libalulekile kwaye kufuneka uthethe nommeli we- GEMS ukuba ngaba unabo nabuphi na ubunzima.
I-GEMS iqokelela imirhumo yesikim sonyango ngenyanga ngokuba itsalwe kumvuzo wakho, oko okwenziwa kuluhlu lwentlawulo lomqeshi (kwiimeko ezininzi i-Persal).
Ukuba ngaba imirhumo yakho yenyanga ayihlawulwanga igqitywe (njengokuba ube semva), i-GEMS inokusiqokelela isixa osemva ngaso ngokutsalwa komvuzo ngeletroniki. Utsalo luyaziphumela ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokuba wena wenze nantoni na. Koko, msinyane nje ukuba ingahlawulwa ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintathu imirhumo yakho, ngeke sibe sakwazi ukuyitsala ngeletroniki, kuba uluhlu lokuhlawula alusakuvumeli oku.
KHUMBULA: Ukuba ngaba imirhumo yakho ayihlawulwanga ngokupheleleyo inokukhokelela ekunqunyanyisweni kweebhenefithi zakho kwaye oku kunokwenza ukuba amabango akho aliwe.
Ukuba ngaba uya kuzo nakweziphi na iingcali ezithabatha inxaxheba kwiprojekithi yolingo, ziyakukuxelela ngokuthabatha kwazo inxaxheba phambi kokuba zinike ukhathalelo lonyango kuwe nakubaxhamli bakho.
<fn>05092012151004.txt</fn>
Mandibhotise kulo lonke ibandla. Ndilibulela elithuba nembeko endithe ndanikwa lona ngabaququzeleli balo mcimbi wokuvuyisana noLutsha xa sikhumbula umhla ka-1976 ongenakuze ulitywalwe kwimbali yelizwe. Ingakumbi, Mphathi-Theko, ndiziva ndinemivuyo xa ndibona ukuba lo mcimbi wokuvuyisana no Lutsha luye lwaququzelelwa ziinkosi zethu zomthonyama zibambisene neNkulumbuso Yephondo kwicandelo lwezemidlalo, inkcubeko namasiko.
Ewe, namhlanje, uLutsha lwethu alusanyanzelekanga ukuba luzenze amadini ngokuncama ubomi balo ngenxa yomzabalazo, njengoo Hector Peterson, Ashley Kriel, namanye amagorha alula aphulukana nobomi babo. Kodwa, namhlanje, uLutsha lwethu, ingakumbi olo luhlala apha emaphandleni nasezifama, lunyanzelekile ukuba luncame ubutsha balo ngenxa yeenzima abathi bahlangane nazo kula maxesha esikuwo.
Namhlanje sibona umlisela nomthinjane okhokela amakhaya ngenxa yokuphulukana nabazali ngesifo sikagawulayo. Sibona ulutsha olungafundiyo ngenxa yentsokolo. Sibona ulutsha oluzizigwinta ngenxa yokungalawuleki. Sibona ulutsha olugcwalise ezitratweni ngenxa yokungabikho kweenkonzo neendawo ezi zizo zokuzonwabisa (recreational facilities) kwiindawo abahlala kuzo.
Kodwa, Ziinkosi zam, mandiyithethe into yokuba, onke lamalinge kaRhulumente ayakuhamba ahambe afe ukuba, thina sisonke apha sizintlu ngezintlu (inter-sectoral/inter-departmental/civil society) zasekuhlaleni, asiwaxhasi lamalinge. Njengabazali, silindele lukhulu ebantwaneni bethu. Ikumkani, iinkosi, nezibonda zethu nazo zilindele lukhulu kumlisela nomthinjana wasekhaya. Kodwa, le minqweno esiyilangazelelayo kuLutsha lwethu kufuneka ikwakhawulelwe sithi njengeenkokheli zomthonyama, njengabasebenzi bakaRhulumente, najengabazali.
Njengokuba bensenditshilo kwasekuqaleni, Mawethu, into yokuba ndiye ndanemincili ndakufumanisa into yokuba lomnyadala woLutsha uye waququzelelwa ngokubambisana phakathi kweenkokheli zomthonyama neNkulumbuso Yephondo kwicandelo lwezemidlalo, inkcubeko namasiko. Olu bambiswano kufuneke siluthakazele kanye, kuba, ngoku sisonke apha singamangqina empucuko yoMgaqo-Siseko wase Mzantsi Afrika omtsha, apho iinkokheli zethu zomthonyama zinikwa isithozelo, imbeko, inkxabiso, nengqwalaselo kwindima ebalulekileyo abathe bayidlala nabasayidlalayo kunangoku njengabameli neenkokheli zasekuhlaleni.
Kodwa, Mphathi-Theko, imincili yam ayiyo le iphatyazisiweyo, okanye leyo ingenasihlahla, kuba siyayazi sisonke silapha, ukuba lomnyadala wanamhlanje woLutsha lwenzeka kanye ngexesha apho umlisela nomthinjane wase Mzantsi Afrika uswele ingqesho, ugulayo, usokolayo nokufumana imfundo ephakamileyo. Loo nto yenze into yokuba uLutsha lwethu lungabina mdla kwizinto ezifana nezimidlalo, inkcubeko, amasiko nezithethe.
Iinkokheli zethu zomthonyama zineendima enkulu ezithi zinokuyidlala ekubuyiseni kolutsha lwethu. Ukubuyiswa kolutsha ayikoku qaphela nje ukuba amasiko ayenziwa ngabantu abatsha. Koko, kubaluleke nangakumbi into yokuba iinkokheli zethu zomthonyama zibambisane nangakumbi no Rhulumente kumalinge akhe okuphuhlisa nkuphucula impilo ngokubanzi yolutsha lwethu.
Umzekelo, isiko lolwaluko alilo siko apho inkwenkwe iba yindoda nje kuphela. Lisiko elithi linokusetyenziswa kubambiswano namalinge kaRhulumente empilo, enkcubeko, nophuhliso lomlisela wethu. Kumele kubekho injongo efanayo okhokela u-Rhulumente kunye neenkokheli zethu zemveli ekuphuhliseni ulutsha loMzantsi Afrika. Ndicinga ngowona ndoqo ofanele ukujongisiswa lo, kuba ngumceli-ngeni ofuna iingqondo ezikrele-krele ukuza kusombulula umbuzo othi: ingaba singabafundisa njani abantwana bethu ukugcina imveli yabo kumaxesha angonyamelwe lutshintsho?
Lo mbuzo, Mphathi-Theko, xa ndizakuhlala phantsi, ucela umngeni kwiinkokheli zomthonyama, kubazali, naku Rhulumente wethu ngokubanzi, apho wonke ubani kufuneke eqondile ukuba, ukuzimasa amasiko nezithethe ayikokuvuselela nokukhumbula amandulo nje kuphela, koko sisixhobo esinothi sisisetyenziswe ekuvuseleleni uLutsha lwethu kule mihla yangoku.
<fn>07060416151009.txt</fn>
AmaShishini aPhantsi kukaRhulumente State Owned Enterprises SOE anefuthe abaluleke gqitha kwimpumelelo yokuphuhliswa kwakhe nawuphi na urhulumente. Ukuntsonkotha namandla oqoqosho lwehlabathi lonke, amandla eemarike, nokuntinga kweendlela zokutyala imali ehlabathini lonke kucela umngeni kuwo onke amazwe njengoko etyhalela phambili enenjongo echuliweyo yokuphuhlisa uqoqosho. Nathi ke sigqibe kwelokuba sisebenzise ubunini bukarhulumente kwimimandla yezoqoqosho ephambili ukuqinisekisa injongo echuliweyo nezinzileyo.
I-SOE kufuneka ibe sengqiqweni ngokwezimali ize izinze ukuze kuququzelelwe ubuncwane kwiimarike ezinkulu zesizwe nezehlabathi lonke. Nangona isizwe sisenokubek' umnwe kwi-SOE ekuqaleni nakwezinye iimeko ezichaziweyo eziya kuthi ke zikwazi ukwandiswa ngokusuka kubugcisa bazo bezemali nakwiimarike eziphambili. Oku kufuna ukuba izimali zingahexi nobuchule bokubambisana kunye nemali yabucala.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zokusebenza yenye into ebalulekileyo kwi-SOE. Ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zokusebenza kufuna isakhono sokulawula, senkqubo yabasebenzi nezobugcisa ekumgangatho omnye noqheliselo olusemagqabini. Xa ezi zinto zihamba kunye i-SOE inganefuthe elimandla kuqoqosho ngokutyalwa kwemali, iinkqubo zabasebenzi kunye nophando neenkqubo zophuhliso.
Kuba uRhulumente enqwenela ukukhuthaza inzuzo ngedayimani eMzantsi Afrika, iAlexkor sisixhobo sokwenza oku. Kodwa ke, ineendima ezimbini emele izidlale kwaye zombini zibalulekile ngenxa yezizathu zophuhliso. Eyokuqala kwezi kukuba yona njengesixhobo sezoqoqosho iquke i-Richtersveld Community kuphuliso lwayo lulodwa. Eyesibini yinjongo entsha kodwa ethi yona inxulunyaniswe nenjongo nto leyo eza kuzama iindlela zokuqoqoshwa kwamathafa edayimani eNamaqualand. Kodwa ke, ukuthingaza okujikeleze amabango omhlaba kubeka i-Alexkor kwingxingongo ezimalini nakwindlela yokusebenza. Ngoku lixesha lokuba kucac' icala kungenjalo kuya kunyanzeleka ukuba sibulale eminye yemisebenzi size sichithe iiasethi ezingengondoqo kwezoqoqosho.
Kuye kwamiselwa i-Infraco ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba siphuhlisa intsika yonxibelelwano ebalulekileyo. Asisakwazi ukukhuphisana nolwazi lomhlaba wonke lwezoqoqosho ngendlela ebiza kancinane, ethembekileyo kunye nefumaneka ngokuthe gabalala. Kukho amashishini engesinawo kuqoqosho lwethu kodwa ke awekho kuba sineendleko ezinabileyo angenakukwazi ukuzisingatha. Ukukhula koqoqosho lwaseMzantsi Afrika kugangatha ndawonye ngenxa yeendleko ezinabileyo ezigqagqeneyo nezixhomileyo.
Xa kuthethwa ngekamva, uDenel uza kuqhuba ukumiselwa kwamacandelo ezemveliso aza kuba ngoonozala bobugcisa bokuvelisa obuthe vetshe nolwazi olubanzi kwicala lezokuvelisa.
Umdla wezizwe ngezizwe uqhubeka ukhula kwaye apha ekuhlaleni uSASOL uye wathi thupha elokuba uqhuba iingxoxo nePBMR kwizicelo eziliqela ezitshis' ebunzi. Kuye kwenziwa inkqubela encomekayo ekuvisisaniseni iplani yenkqubo kaEskom PWR kunye neeplani zethu zeGeneration IV. Oku kuza kwandisa ukuba ubugcisa obubalulekileyo buziswe ekuhlaleni nto leyo eza kuvumela ukuba uMzantsi Afrika ukhuphisane uze ubambisane kweli xesha lamandla enyukliya litsha.
Amehlo onke ngoku aza kujolisa kwiimfuno zezimali nokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwecebo lokuguqulwa kukaSAA, loo nto eza kwenza uSAA azimele ngokwakhe exhomekeke kwingeniso yakhe. Ukuhlahlwa kwendlela enza ngayo izinto kuza kufuneka kona kwenziwe. Oku kuya kuquka ukwenza lula indlela eyakhiwe ngayo inkampani, kufakwe amahlakani kuze kuchithwe imisebenzi engengondoqo. Sekulungiselelwe indlela yokubonisana nemibutho yabasebenzi.
Nangona le nkampani ine-30% yonke kwimveliso yezinto ezisarhwayo, sithetha nje ivela malunga ne-2,5% kwifuthe loqoqosho lolu shishino, kwaye abantu abaqeshwe yiyo bayi-3.5%. Ngoko ke ikhabhinethi ilamkele elokuba inxalenye esaseleyo kaSafcol, iKomatiland Forests, ifanele itshatyalaliswe.
Ngowe-2006/07 iBhodi yabaLawuli yamkele iplani yokutyalwa kwemali eyi-R64,5 yewaka lezigidi yeminyaka emihlanu. Le plani yemiyaka emihlanu yokuqhutywa kwezinto iye yaphononongwa kwakhona ngowe-2007/08 kwaye imalunga ne-R78 yewaka lezigidi. Olu tyalo mali lwalujoliswe ekulondolozeni iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhulayo ngokuthi kukhuliswe isikhono kwintsimbi yethu nemizila yamalahle, kuphuculwe ukwakhiwa kweziseko iindawo ekukhweliswa kuzo nokuphucula imibhobho esuka eThekwini isiya eRhawutini.
Sisebenza nale Bhodi sixakeke ngoku kukuqulunkqa ubuqabane kwindlela eliza kusebenza ngayo izibuko elitsha leekhonteyina elakhiwayo ngoku sithethayo kwizibuko laseNgqura kwaye siza kukhupha isaziso esineenkcukacha ngakumbi ngako oku kungekudala.
Imibhobho enodaka esuka ePhalaborwa iyahlolwa sithetha nje.
IProjekthi yaseAfrika iza kukhangela amathuba aphambili kweli lizwekazi apho i-SOE eMzantsi Afrika inganceda inkqubo yophuhliso.
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Ndivumeleni kulomcimbi ongamphambi kokugqibela koKuhlala Ndawonye kwePalamente yesithathu kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yonyaka ngobume besizwe sethu, ukunqwenelela wonke Amalungu Abekekileyo ePalamente uNyaka oMtsha wovuyo nemveliso.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba u2008 uzakuba ngomnye unyaka ongasoze ulityalwe kwidemokrasi yethu, njengokuba sonke sisebenza kunye siqaphela umbilini wolangazelelo wabantu bethu ukufikelela impilo ebhetele kubo bonke. Nditsho oku ngoba, ngokuqekelela kwethu, akuqhelekanga ukuba isizwe sibizelwe ekupheleleni komsipha ngamnye womzimba waso opheleleyo ukufikelela iphupho. Kwaye lonto ngumyalelo ongunyazisiweyo othe imbali ithe yawunyakathisa kuthi Namhlanje.
Zonke ezindwendwe zibekekileyo, ezimele inkumbulo kunye nethemba, zisikhumbuza ngubukho bazo ukuba okwethu ngumsebenzi kukhuphiswano lokubaleka ugqatso lothathelwano eliqhubeka ngokuzalwa ngokutsha ukuze iphupho lempilo ebhetele kubo bonke lifezakale kubemi bonke boMzantsi Afrika. Ngenene, bamele umbhiyozo womoya ongenakoyiswa wabantu bethu, nokuphosa uxanduva kuthi sonke ukuziphatha ngeendlela ezingena kungcatsha okanye zidanise iinjongo zabantu.
Sesizawuqalisa unyaka ogcweleyo nowokugqibela wemali ngoku nowesithathu kwipalamente yedemokrasi norhulumente kamsinyane emveni koko siphinde sibambe kamsinyane uNyulo leSizwe sethu. uRhulumente uphinde wahlolisisa ibanga esele silihambile malunga nokufezekisa umyalelo osawunikwa ngabantu ngo-2004.
Ndonwabile ukuba ndithi senze lukhulu ukufezekisa izibophelelo esizenzileyo ebantwini ngo-2004. Nokuba kunjalo, kungalindelekanga, kuyabonakala ukuba sisenomsebenzi osashekileyo okumele siwenze kwelinqaku.
Njengokuba sisondele ekupheleni kwexesha lomyalelo wethu, uRhulumente uthathe isigqibo sokwazisa uluhlu leeNcam eZiphambili apho azawuthi akhangele kulo ngokukhethekileyo, ukusebenzisa ezi zinto njenge ndlela ekhawulezayo ephambili ukukhawulezisa inkqubela phambili ngokujongene nokuphumelela iinjongo esiziyalelwe ngabantu ukuba sizilandele.
Ngoovuyo, leNtetho yoBume beSizwe indinike ithuba lokunika ingxelo iPalamente kunye neSizwe kwiiNcam zethu eziPhambili ezinga-24 ezo, aMalungu aBekekileyo angazifumana kwiwebsayithi kaRhulumente phakathi kweveki ezayo.
Ukwaziswa kweeNcam eziPhambili kuchaza ukuba wonke amacandelo amathathu karhulumente, isizwe, amaphondo nasekhaya, kumanqanaba okuphatha okuphezulu balawuli, enza isifungo esiqatha ukuba sizakusebenzisa ithuba elifutshane elingaphambi kwethu ukuqhubeka ngokongeza Amandla okubheka phambili ekujongeni eyona njongo ebaluleke-ngokuphelelyo yempilo ebhetele ebantwini bethu bonke.
Indlela yethu epheleleyo yokuphatha yenza isibophelelo sokuba kwixesha eliphambi kwethu, izakwenza okusemandleni ukumelana nokubalulekileyo kakhulu - Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga! Sithetha ngoKwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga hayi ngokuchaza iinguqu kwimigaqo-nkqubo yethu esele imiselelwe kodwa malunga nokukhawulezisa, ukufezekisa okusebenzayo nokunefuthe kulemigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo, ukuze impilo zabantu bethu siguqukele ukubeni bhetele, ngokukhawuleza kuna kade.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba oku kuyenzeka, sithathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uQingqo-mali loNyaka, uMphathiswa wezeMali uzawunika ingxelo ekupheleni kwalenyanga esenza ulwabiwo olufanelekileyo ukusinika iindlela zokufezekisa iiNcam eziPhambili.
siphinde siqhubeke ngokomeleza oomatshini bakarhulumente ukuqinisekisa ukuba bane sakhono sokumelana nezinyanzeliso ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso; kunye, ukuhlaziya iinjongo yethu kwindawo ezibalulekileyo malunga ngendlela yethu yobudlelwane bezizwe, kakhulu sikhangele eminye imiba yeAfrika kunye nobudlelwane base Mzantsi-Zantsi.
Ngaphezulu kwelinye ixesha, isimo esijongene nesizwe sethu nelizwe, kunye nemisebenzi esizibekele yona, ifuna ukuba sikhuthaze nokulungiselela abantu bethu bonke ukuba basebenze kunye, ukwenza zonke izinto ezimelwe ukwenziwa, beqonda ukuba ngokwenyaniso, sonke, kunye, siphethe ikusasa lethu ezandleni zethu!
Xa sisebenza kunye kwindawo zonke kwilizwe lethu, oku simele ukuqonda ukuba into esimele ukuba yiyo yile - Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga!
Xa bendilungiselela leNtetho, omnye phakathi kwethu uye wandicebisa ukuba ilizwe lethu liye lahlaselwa yimimoya-yeyantlukwano ebhudla ngamandla eyenze ukuba kube nzima kakhulu ukubonela phambili ukuba ilizwe lethu lizakuba phi ngomso.
Yayi ngamaxhesha aphambili, yayi ngamaxesha anzima, yayingunyaka wobulumko, yayi ngunyaka wobuyatha, yayilixesha elithile elizibalula ngeziganeko kwinkolelo, yayilixesha elithile elizibalula ngeziganeko zokungakholwa, yayilixesha lokuKhanya, yayilixesha loBumnyama, yayintlakohlaza yethemba, yayibubusika bokuswela ithemba, sasinento yonke phambi kwethu, sasingena nto phambi kwethu, sasisiya ngqo sonke eZulwini, sasisiya sonke ngqo kwenye indlela - ngokufutshane, ixesha lalikude njengelixesha langoku, zade ezinye ezisemagunyeni ezinengxolo zanyanzelisa ukuba mazamkelwe, ebuhleni okanye ebubini, kwinqanaba eligqithileyo lokufanekisa kuphela.
Uzakubuza ukuba ingaba ndivumelana nesisicatshulwa, nokuba nam ndiyakholelwa ukuba singene kwixesha lesiphithiphithi, apho thina sonke singeke sikwazi kodwa silahlekelwe yindlela yethu, singaqinisekanga ngamanyathelo ethu, iinyawo zethu zingazinzanga, sinovalo ngengomso!
Impendulo yam kulombuzo ngokuqinisekileyo ngu-Hayi! Njengo Rhulumente wonke ndiqinisekile ukuba iziseko ezibonelele ngolwazi ilizwe lethu kwilizwe lethu ngoqhanqalazo kwiminyaka eli- 14 egqithileyo zihlala zisendaweni. Ziyaqhubeka ukusibonelela ngesisekelo esinamandla ekumele siqhubeke kuso xa sigcine amehlo ethu ekhangele kwimizamo eqhubekayo yenjongo yempilo ebhetele ebantwini bethu bonke. Ngoko simele ukuba siphinde siqinisekise ukuba sihlala sisemsebenzini xa sisoloko siqhubeka ukwenza esethu isizwe esiphumelelayo.
Ngoko ke, njengaMalungu wonke aBekekileyo, ndiyazi ukuba uninzi phakathi kwesizwe sethu lukhathazekile ngokuba ilizwe lethu lizakuba phi ngomso.
Baxhalabile ngoncedo olukhawulezayo kwisizwe sonke apho isizwe siye salahlekwa kukuphazamiseka okungalindelekanga kwizibonelelo zombane.
Bakhathazekile ngokuba Mhlawumbi ilizwe lethu liye loyikiswa ngesenzo esenzeke ngokwemisebenzi yobundlobongela yokutshisa oololiwe abasetyenziswa luluntu abathandathu eTshwane kwinyanga egqithileyo.
Nokuba besazi ubukho beqela elibusayo nokulihlonipha ukuba lilawule iindaba zalo, baxhalabile ukuba limele ukuqhubeka ukudlala indima yalo njengelinye labazobi abaphambili bedemokrasi, bengacaluli ngokwebala, ngokwesini kuMzantsi Afrika ophuhlayo.
Ngokungafihlisiyo kungaba kungabi nankathalo ukubethisa ngoyaba ezizinto kunye namanye amaxhala okanye siwachithe njengengxelo ende echitha ixesha okanye izikhalazo ngokufanayo nabaprofeti basentsomini. Umcelimngeni ophambili kukuba siziphendule ngokwendlela esa umyalezo ongowabo kuluntu lonke elizweni lethu nakwizigidi zezigidi eAfrika nakwezinye indawo kwihlabathi ezijongene elizwe lethu ngomdla omkhulu, ukuze sihlale singashukumi kwisisombululo sethu ukuqhubeka sakhe uMzantsi Afrika onike ithemba hayi ebantwini bethu bodwa, kodwa kwabaninzi abangaphandle kwimida yethu.
Ukufuneka koncedo olukhawulezileyo okuziswe kukuwa kwamandla ombane kusifakela umncelimngeni futhi nokubonelela ngethuba kwisizwe sethu ngobubanzi ukusabela ubizo ukuba sonke sibambane ekulweni nokusebenza ngomanyano ukuba sigvine ilizwe lethu lisebenza. Lento imele ukuchaza ukuba sonke sikwilixa loxanduva, kodwa xanduva olo lingafikeleleka. Kwaye ngqo lithuba lomcelimngeni, kwaye likwalixesha lamathuba!
Ngokuqinisekileyo, iingxaki apha zinkulu; ukuzoyisa kuzawudingeka ubuchule, kakhulu ekuboneleleni nasekugcineni umbane, kwakunye nokwakhiwa kwamanye amaziko abonelela ngamandla ombane. Kodwa xa singathi sonke sense ubambiswano oluliqilima ukuhlangabezana nalengxaki, sizaku phumelela - Ndiyathemba kakhulu ngokungenzekelanga Eli asilo xesha lokukhombana ngeminwe, kodwa lokusebenza kunye ukufumana izisombululo.
Kwiveki ezimbini ezigqithileyo, Abaphathiswa beZimbiwa naMandla kunye Namashishini oLuntu baye bachaza intlobo yokuxakeka esijongene nayo nokuthi nabani na phakathi kwethu angenzani ukubuyisela isimo endaweni. Kwiveki ephelileyo aMalungu aBekekileyo aye anethuba okushukuxa lemicimbi.
Enyanisweni ukonyuka kwemfuno zombane eminyakeni emibini egqithileyo kuye kwangaphezulu amandla amatsha asinawo ngoku. Ukubonelela okuvelayo okunzima kwenza yonke lendlela ukuba ibe nkenene nakweyiphi na imeko echaphazela umbane okhoyo. Kwesisimo, simele ukunqamla ukuqhawuka kombane okungalindelekanga kwaye indlela esingenza oku ngayo ngokukhawuleza kukwehlisa iimfuno siqinisekise umlinganiselo obhetele ogciniweyo.
Njengorhulumente umsebenzi wethu kukuba ngoku sikhokele nokumanyanisa ilizwe emva kwempembelelo yokubaluleka kwamandla nto ezakunceda kulomcelimngeni. Phakathi kwezinye, simelwe ukusebenzisa obububi ukuqinisekisa ukuba amakhaya noqoqosho zisebenzisa kakuhle amandla.
Kukho amanyathelo azinzileyo umntu ngamnye, indlu kunye neshishini angawathatha. Aqaliswe liSebe leZimbiwa naMandla kwaye sihleli sivulele nayiphi na ingcebiso engathi nina, abakhaya bethu, ningasinika yona nokuba siyahlulahlule phakathi kwethu.
uRhulumente uzakuqalisa ukufezekisa impembelelo ukuqinisekisa ukukhanyisa okwaneleyo, ukufudumeza amanzi ngokusebenzisa amandla avela kwilanga nokulawula igiza ezindlini, kuquke nemigangatho yezindlu kwizindlu ezintsha kunye nezakhiwo ezintsha. Sicela izindlu ezingakwazi ukuqalisa kamsinyane ukucinga ngokufaka lemilinganiselo egcina amandla.
Umyalelo sele ukhutshiwe kwizakhiwo zonke zikarhulumente ukwehlisa intsebenziso yabo yombane kwaye ndiyacela zive ukhululekile ukuxela nokuhlaza abobanga kwenziyo.
Iinkcukacha zamanyathelo amanye okuzivolontiya nomyalelo kwiNkqubo yokuGcina Amandla sele zikhutshiwe Ngabaphathiswa kwaye zizakuhlaziywa emveni kokubonisana nabanikazi abahlukeneyo emveni koko zishicilelwe.
Kwi cala lokubonelela uEskom usebenza ngamandla ukuqinisekisa ukungenisa iiprojekthi zokusebenzisana noomatshini ngenxa yokuba kuxakekiwe. Sikwa thatha amanyathelo ukuphucula amandla okulungisa kaEskom. Sinamaqela asebenzayo ngexesha likaxakeka ajongene nomcelimngeni wobulunga bamalahle kunye nokubonelela ngamalahle okuvela emigodini yamalahle kwaye sisebenza nzima ukukhawulezisa ukwamkelwa kokwakhiwa kweprojekthi zogesi. Wonke lamanyathelo, ethatyathwe kunye nemilinganiselo yokonga umbane, kuwukhulisa ukuqiniseka nokonyusa imilinganiselo enguvimba.
Inzame yethu sonke nokucela uncedo sisazulu sethu ekuziphenduleleni kulengxaki. Amaqela asebenzayo ayasebenza kwindawo ezininzi. Kwiveki elandelayo Inkulumbuso Zamaphondo zizakuqalisa intlanganiso yazo kunye noSodolophu ukuyila nokufezekisa imilinganiselo yokonga amandla kooMasipala bonke elizweni ngobubanzi. Bazakuxhaswa ngamaqela enzululwazi avela kwi-EDI Holdings, iEskom kunye neAgente yeSizwe yaMandla Alingeneyo. iSebe laMaphondo noRhulumente basKhaya lizakulawula lomcimbi ngokuxhaswa ngamasebe abambiseneyo, Isebe leZimbiwa naMandla kunye Namashishini oLuntu.
uMphathiswa weZimali uzakunikela ngolwazi olubanzi kwingxelo yakhe yoQingqo-mali ngenkxaso urhulumente azakunceda ngayo kwimpembelelo yokulingana kwamandla nakwiEskom kwinkqubo yakhe yokwakha.
Sijongene nengxaki engxamisekileyo kodwa singoyisa lengxaki kwixesha elifutshane. Esisimo sixhokonxe ukuqonda okungena kunqandwa ukuba ilixa lombane wexabiso eliphantsi nomninzi lifike esiphelweni. Naxa kunjalo xa ukhangela ukufakwa kwamndla oomatshini bethu, phakathi kwexesha elide eyethu izakusala iyeyona isekhoyo phakathi kwezoqoqosho emazweni ambalwa enombane ofikelelekayo.
Siloqoqosho olwenziwa bubutyebi bezimbiwa. Simelwe ukuba siqhubeke sixhase ishishini lemigodi. Akunakuphikiswa ukuba xa siqhubeka kwindlela yethu yokukhula njengelizwe lemveliso, kuzawumele siqhubeke sixhase ishishini elihambisayo. Ngoku njalo kunyanzelekile ukuba wonke amashishini abenamandla awaneleyo. Ngenene amandla aneleyo ngokwawo abonelela ngamathuba ezoqoqosho.
Ngoko ke masisebenziseni lengxaki ikhawulezayo ukubeka izitena zokuqala zokwakha zamandla aneleyo alungele ingomso isengeke siyibethise ngoyaba. Masiqinisekise ukuba zonke izandla zisemngangathweni ukusombulula esisiphithiphithi esijongene naso, sikhuthazwa yindlela yethu ukuba izimo zethu zisibizela Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga.
Ngenene, andinantandabuzo ukuba sizakuhlonela isifungo sethu kwiFIFA kunye naseluntwini lehlabathi labadlali bebhola ekhatywayo kunye nabathandi bayo ukudala zonke izimo ezidingekayo ukuze sisingathe eyona tumente ibalaseleyo kwiNdebe yeBhola yeHlabathi yeFIFA.
Into esiyifumana isinika ingqondo, ukucanda wonke amacandelo oluntu lwase Mzantsi Afrika kunye nabakunde ngaphandle, bemelwe yinkqubela yemihla ngemihla esiyenzayo malunga namalungiselelo ethu jikelele, yenye ye - Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga: zonke izandla emngangathweni ngokujongene ne-2010! Kwaye simelwe kukuqiniseka ukuba siyayigcina lendlela.
Mandibuyele kwiiNcam eziPhambili besele ndizichazile.
Ukuqubeka ngokukhawulezisa uqoqosho lwethu nophuhliso sizawufezekisa uYilo lweNkqubo yokusebenza kwaMashishini. uRhulumente uzakuqhubeka ngenkqubo zethu zokwenza amashishini azimele nokuqhubeka sidale amathuba wokukhula nokudala-ingqesho. Kulombandela, iR2,3 billiyone sele ifakiwe kwinqingqo-mali ukulungisela inkqubo yokuqalisa amashishini kwaye R5 biliyone eyongeziweyo kumncono werhafu ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu izakuxhasa inkqubo yamashishini.
Ukusebenza kunye namashishini nabasebenzi, sisawukwenza kamsinyane, uyilo olubalulekileyo oluphambili kumacandelo apho oluyilo lingekhoyo khona, njengase migodini kunye namancedo ezimbiwa, kwizinto zabathengi, sithegise ngenjongo yokukhulisa inkxaso kumashishini amancinci, ukwakha, amashishini engqondo, ezolimo nenkqubela zemfuyo.
Kwizinga loqoqosho elikhulu, sizakuqhubeka ukugcina isithombe sethu semali esixhasa ukukhula okuya phambili kwezoqoqosho kunye nophuhliso nokuphungula ubuzaza bethu bangaphandle.
Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokwakha amaziko sizakugqibezela uphuhliso loyilo lwamaziko adibeneyo, ngokucindezela okukhethekileyo kwamandla alingeneyo. Oku kuquke ukulawula iinkqubo zaMashishini kaRhulumente nokuveza wonke amaziko akhoyo, kuquke intlawulelo yothutho nolunye ulungiselelo lothutho, imibhobho yamandla, ulwazi nobuxhakaxhaka benzululwazi, izixhobo zendlela, amanzi nombane, zonke ngaxeshanye malunga nendawo zazo.
Ngaxeshanye, siceba ukubonelela ngosasazo olungasebenzise intambo zesiqhelo kwi- 50% yenani labemi ekupheleni konyaka. Okunamatheliswe koku izakuba luyilo lwemveliso ekuphuhliseni eMzantsi Afrika wewBhokisi zeSethi ePhezulu, ekulindeleke ukuba igqitywe phakathi enyakeni.
Sele ndiphawule ukucothoza oko urhulumente esenza izicelo zokugcina ubutyebi mayelana nemicimbi efana nembuyekezo yemihlaba, amaziko akhoyo kunye nefuthe lokuvavanya indawo apho ezi zingakwenza ekuhambeni kwexesha okanye yahlukanise izigqibo zabatyali-zimali, sense isigqibo, ngomoya wokwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga, umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ngokukhawuleza ukuseka isazulu sonxibelelwano apho abatyali-zimali abaphambili kunye norhulumente bangakwazi ukulandelela nokufumana ezinkqubo. Umsebenzi sele uqalisile.
Esazulwini senkqubo yoqoqosho lwethu yi, kwaye ifuneka ibe khona ngamaxesha wonke, ingcinga yokuba ingaba impumelelo yayo inceda ekuphuhliseni ubulunga bempilo yabemi bonke boMzantsi Afrika, isebenza njengesikhali esibalulekileyo kwiMfazwe yethu Ebuhlwempini nokukhawulezisa ukusebenza kwethu malunga okugcina iinjongo ezinjalo njengelinge lokwehlisa intswela-ngqesho nokuqhubeka sikhulisa injongo yempilo yabo bonke.
Kwinkqubo yokubonelela ngendawo ezisempilweni zokuhlala uluntu, siyakwazi ngoku ukubonelela ngamagumbi ezindlu angama-260 000 ngonyaka, kwaye isivumelano sele sifikelelelwe kunye neSALGA ukubeka ugunyaziso lomiselo lentlawulo yamatyala ekuthengisweni umhlaba ongahle ufumaneke ukuze inkqubo yezindlu iqhubeke.
Kunye nenkqubela siyangenelela kumaxesha ahlukeneyo ajongene nokwehliswa kobuhlwempu, siyaqhubeka ukuphucula indawana ezininzi ezinobuthathaka, okuquke ukwabiwa koMthetho oPhethe Ukusetyenziswa Komhlaba, nokugqityezelwa kwamatyala embuyekezo umhlaba, inkqubo zokuxhasa abo bazifumanela umhlaba, kunye nophuhliso nokufezekisa kwenkqubo ezimeleyo yokuphuhlisa iilali.
Le yeminye imicimbi esithi sijongane nayo ngokukhethekileyo phakathi konyaka, nokuqinisekisa ukuba sifikelela iinjongo esizibekele zona.
Kwaye enye iNcam ePhambili ebalulekileyo kukuchaza kabanzi icebo elibanzi neliphangaleleyo lokulwa nobuhlwempu elithetha ngokukhethekileyo kumacandelo enani loluntu lichaphazeleke kulo kakhulu sesisibetho. Oku kuquke abantwana, amakhosikazi, ulutsha, abantu abahlala ezilalini kunye nasezilokishini, abantu abanobulwelwe okanye izifo ezingapheliyo nobudala.
Phakathi kwezisombululo eziphambili kukho: ukwandiswa kwenkqubo yemisebenzi yoluntu, inkxaso yengqesho ukudala-emisebenzi ngqo phakathi kwamaqela akujongenwe nawo, ukuphuculwa kwesakhono sokufuna imisebenzi, ukuphuculwa kwemfundo noqeqesho, ukuphuculwa kweenkonzo kunye neempahla ekhoyo phakathi koluntu oluhluphekayo, ukungenelela phakathi kwamakhaya ahluphekayo, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamaziko axhasa amakhosikazi namanye amacandelo. Phakathi kwezinye, sizawukwenza izincomo boomatshini besini ukuze sikhulise amacandelo onke okunika amandla ebantwini abangamakhosikazi.
Kodwa sizawuvumelana sonke ukuba uluntu lwethu kunye namahlwempu kakhulu, abasayi kulindela amacebo neempikiswano kunye neendawo zoqeqesho - naxa oku kubalulekile. Nokuba kunjalo, ungenelelo oluninzi olufikelelwayo zizinto urhulumente esele ezenza naxa zingaphelelanga. Ngokunjali, ngomoya wokwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga, urhulumente uzimisele kulonyaka ukomeleza ukulwa ukuze kuveliswe izindlu esithile zabantu ngabanye abo basweleyo ngamandla ukuze kusetyenziswe olungenelelo oluzakunceda, phakathi kwesithuba sokungenelela, ukuphucula izidingo zabo kwezozindlu nganye.
Phakathi koku, sizawudinga Igumbi leSizwe leMfazwe leMfazwe Ngokuchasene noBuhlwempu ukuqoqa amasebe wonke afana neSebe lezeNtlalo, uRhulumente waMaphondo naseKhaya, uRhwebo naashishini, Ezolimo neMicimbi yeMhlaba, Imisebenzi yoLuntu kunye neMpilo kunye nolawulo lwamaphondo nasekhaya, ezakusebenza kunye neNGOs kunye noxanduva lokuvelisa ungenelelo oludingekayo phakathi kwezindlu esithile nokuzise benzisa ngokukhawuleza.
Kulonyaka sizawujongana nezinye izinto eziphambili ezona zibalulekileyo kulemfazwe yelizwe yokulwa imfazwe ngokuchasene nobuhlwempu, ukulwela ukufakwa kwemizamo yezentlalo kunye noqoqosho.
ukuqinisa iNkqubo eYandisiweyo yeNkozo zoLuntu leyo, ngokukhawulezisa iinjongo ezibekiweyo, iye yabonisa isakhono sokuqesha abantu abatsha abaninzi: lento iquke ukuthathwa kolutsha kwinkqubo yokuhlaziya amamziko akhoyo oluntu, ngokuphindeneyo kwinani labantwana ababhalisele uPhuhliso laBantwana besebancinci elingaphezulu kwa mawaka-600 000 ngokusebenzisa amaziko amatsha ali- 1000 anabasebenzi abangaphezulu kwa mawaka-3 500 abaqeqeshiweyo nabasebenzayo, nokonyusa inani labantu ababonelela ngeenkonzo zokugcina abantwana. Kulinganiselwa kwi R1 billion ngaphezulu kwesiseko ezakwabelwa iinkqubo eziwela ngaphantsi kwe EPWP; kunye, okukugqibela, ukungenisa indlela yemveliso ezizakufunyanwa ngurhulumente kuqala ezivela kumashishini amancinci, aphakathi kunye namancikane; ngokusebenzisa iAgente yoPhuhliso lwaMashishini aMancinci ibeka indlela esebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixesha lokuhlawulwa elilinganiselwa kwiintsuku ezinga- 30 liyasetyenziswa.
Sizakuphinda sidibanise lenkqubo ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwendawo zabantu zokuhlala ezinokugcinwa, ngamandla aluqilima, njengomcimbi ophambili okhawulezileyo, ukukhawulezisa ukufikelelwa kwamanzi jikelele, ucoceko kunye nombane, ukuze ngo 2014, sibe nendawo zokuhlala ezisezingeni zoluntu kunye nokufikelelwa kweziinkonzo zizindlu zonke.
Sizimisele ukuweza umsebenzi kwisixokelelwano esibanzi sokhuseleko loluntu, esizakuncedwa ngokusebenzisana okusele kuqalisile kunye nabaxhasi bezoluntu.
Xa sibeka izandla zethu emngangathweni sizilungiselela Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga sikwamele ukuqinisa impikiswano yesizwe kwimibandela esichazayo njenge sizwe.
Izinto ezinjalo ezimbini zifanelwe ukuchazwa kafutshane.
Eyokuqala kwezi sisicelo sokuba simele ukwenza isifungo esizawucengcelezwa ngabafundi kwiintlanganisela zabo zasekuseni, kunye neSithembiso soLutsha sicacisa ukuziphatha kwabantu kunye nomanyano lwabantu phakathi kwabemi bonke boMzantsi Afrika. uMphathiswa weZemfundo uzakuchaza kabanzi kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yesizwe malunga nalemiba kwiveki ezayo.
Enye into imalunga nobume belizwe namagama eendawo, nto leyo endinga indlela yokwenziwa ngaxesha nye ukucanda wonke amaphondo ukuze sikwazi ukudala isiseko sokubhala iinguqu esizikhankanyayo. Sizakufaka lenkqubela ngokusesikweni kungekudala, ikhokhelwe liBhunga laMagama oBume beLizwe loMzantsi Afrika kunye neekomiti zalo zamaphondo.
Xa besibhengeza kwindaba yobundlobongela eKuhlaleni Kunye ePalamente kunyaka ophelileyo, siye sonke sabonakalisa inxalabo enzulu singajonganga amazinga aphezulu obundlobongela kuphela, kodwa nokuba izinto sijeke zambi kakhulu ikakhulu kwicala lokubulala - nto leyo itsiba ngaphezulu indlela yokuphucuka soloko sazifumanela idemokrasi.
Ngokusesikweni, kunyaka ophelileyo siyesazifaka kwindlela yokunxibelelana namashishini kunye namanye amacandelo oluntu, ukwenza indlela ebanzi malunga nokulungisa ngokutsha indlela yobulungisa malunga nobundlobongela ngokupheleleyo.
Kulombandela, ngomoya wokwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga, iKhabinethi ivumile kwinguqu ezifunekayo ukuseka indlela yokulwa nobundlobongela yobulungisa entsha, yalamaxesha, esebenzayo futhi iguquliwe. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lento izakuquka ukusekwa kwegqiza elitsha elizakulawula nokuphatha lendlela xa isangenayo, ukusuka kwisizwe ukuya ekhaya, idibanisa kunye iijaji zelizwe kunye nomantyi, amapolisa, abatshutshisi, iinkonzo zolule ko kunye neBhodi eNcedayo eSemthethweni, kunye namanye amangenela, kuquke nokugunyaziswa kweMibutho yaMapolisa oLuntu.
Njengokuba aMalungu aBekekileyo esazi, ezinye zezintsusa seziqalile; kodwa sinesiqiniseko sokuba, xa zithe zonke zenziwa ngokubambisana nangendlela yokucebisana, ifuthe lizakuba namandla kakhulu ekulweni kwethu nobundlobongela. Abaphathiswa beZobulungisa, uThintelo loBundlobongela kunye naMacandelo oKhuseleko bazakuchaza kabanzi ngeezinkcukacha phakathi kweveki elandelayo.
Sizakuphinda futhi, phakathi kwalonyaka, singenise iMithetho yeenguqu yeejaji ngokusebenzisana neejaji kunye noomantyi, sigqibe uyilo elijongene nokuqinisa ulawulo lokhuseleko kwimida, siphinde sinike impilo Kwiphepha Lamalungelo waMaxhoba, sikhangele ngokukhethekileyo kumba wezaphulamthetho eziziphindayo, siqhubeke ukufezekisa imilinganiso eyongeziweyo esungulwe kwizincomo zeKomishoni yeNyani noXolelwaniso.
Zisaziswa ngokubaluleka ukuqinisa ngokuchasene nobundlobongela obulugelelanisiweyo, kunye nezincomo zeKomishoni yeeJaji zikaKhampepe ngokusebenza nokumisela uLawulo lweMisebenzi eKhethekileyo kunye nokuqhubeka izibhengezo kulomba, kuquke nokuguqulwa kweNdlela yoBulungisa kuBundlobongela, sizakuthi ekupheleni kukaMatshi kulonyaka, sidibane nePalamente ngemithetho kunye neminye imicimbi engakagqitywa yemilinganiselo efunwayo ekuphuculeni kabanzi isakhono sethu ukulwisana nobundlobongela obulungelelanisiweyo.
Into ezakuqhubeka ukusazisa xa sithatha elinyathelo izakuba kukuzimisela okukhulu kukarhulumente ukulwisana nobundlobongela obulungelelanisiweyo nokwenza bhetele kulawulo, ukusebenza ngexesha noolawulo lokwenza-luqilima iagente zethu zomthetho.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu, impumelelo yethu ekulweni nobundlobongela kuxhomekeke ekubambisaneni kuthi sonke njengabemi abagcina-umthetho, sikhuthazwa yimigaqo yokubusa komthetho, ukuhlonela iijaji zethu nokusukela amalungelo alinganayo oluntu, nto leyo uMgaqo-siseko wethu usimanyileyo ukuba siyenze ezimpilweni zethu zemihla ngemihla kunye nakwinkcoko zethu.
Sizakuqhubeka kulonyaka ngamalinge okuphucula oomatshini bakarhulumente ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zabahlali. Xa kukho utho, umoya wokwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga ulungelwe ukusebenza ebantwini ngabanye ngabanye abo banenyweba yokuba zizicaka zoluntu.
Kukho izinto ezilula kodwa zibalulekile eziphambili esizakuqala sizijonge, njengenxalenye okusebenzisana sonke ukuphucula umbutho knye namandla ombuso.
Okokuqala, kuye kwavunyelwana kumacandelo onke karhulumente ukuba ezona zikhundla zomsebenzi ezibalulekileyo zimelwe ukugcwaliswa kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu xa kuthe kwavela esosithuba. Isebe leNkonzo Zolunto noLawulo lizakubeka indlela yokulawula oku ukukhangela ukufezeka kwesisigqibo.
Okwesibini, ngoMeyi wonyaka nonyaka (kwaye ngaphakathi kwenyanga ezimbini zonyaka wezemali ukuqala korhulumente basekhaya) bonke abaphathi abaphezuu balungelwe ukuba babe sebefake Izivumelwano Zokwenza Umsebenzi wabo emagunyeni afanelekileyo. Iofisi yeKomishoni yeNkonzo Zoluntu izakwenza iindlela zolawulo kulombandela.
Okwesithathu, ngokubona ukuba Isebe leMicibi yaseKhaya lichukumisa undoqo ngobomi bomhlali ngamnye, kulonyaka sizakuqinisa ukufezekiswa koyilo lokuguqula izinto elamkelwe yiKhabinethi. Lento iquke ukuphuculwa kwezixokelelwano ze-IT, ukuqeqesha abasebenzi kwiindlela ezintsha, sincothule abenzi benkohlakalo nokuqalisa ukufaka ikhadi elitsha le-ID.
Ukukhula komsebenzi kwinkonzo zoluntu kukwaxhomekeke kubulunga bobukhokheli obuvezwa ngabaphathi bolawulo abaphezulu. Kananjalo, kubalulekile ukuphucula ukuzibophelela kwabasebenzi boluntu emisebenzini yabo - umsebenzi omelwe ukwenziwa ngabaphathi, izicaka zoluntu ngokwazo kunye nemibutho yabasebenzi.
Ukuqhubeka ngokubekekileyo ekuphuculeni iinkonzo esele ibonelelwe kumacandelo onzakeleyo umzekelo amagqala, amakhosikazi nolutsha, sizakuphinda sihlaziye amacandelo anyulelwe ukwenza lemisebenzi nokuphonononga amalungiselelo afanelekileyo, kuquka nokuxilonga amasebe karhulumente lawo asekelwe ukujongana nophuhliso lolutsha kunye nogunyaziso.
Oku sizakukwenza, ngokukhuthazwa yinjongo efanayo yabantu belizwekazi kumdibaniso omkhulu ukusukela umanyano kwilizwekazi kwimingangatho yonke. Inyathelo elibalulekileyo kulombandela kukuhlanganisa amaziko ezithili kunye nemcimbi ejoliswe ekuphumeleleni umanyano lezithili.
Ngokufutshane, amaqela abandakanyekayo kwingxoxo-mpikiswano afikelele isivumelwano esipheleleyo kwimiba yonke emayela kwimicimbi ephathekayo emelwe ukuvezwa ngamaqela. Oku kuquke imibandela emayela noMgaqo-siseko, ukhuseleko, usasazo nemithetho yonyulo, neminye imicimbi ibisoloko ibambene eminyakeni emininzi. Imithetho efanelekileyo kulemicimbi sele yamkelwe yipalamente, kuquke nokulungiswa okubalulekileyo komgaqo-siseko. Into eseleyo, ngokunjalo, ngomcimbi wenkqubo omayela nexesha nangendlela yokuwisa umthetho wesivumelwano soYilo loMgaqo-siseko.
Ngoku njalo, sidibana neNtloko zasebuRhulumenteni noRhulumente zeSADC ngokuncoma amaqela Ngengxoxo-mpikiswano yaseZimbabwe ngempumelelo yawo encomekayo nokubakhuthaza ukusebenza kunye ukusombulula umcimbi oseleyo wenkqubo. Njengokuba bendiceliwe ziNtloko zasebuRhulumenteni noRhulumente zeSADC sihlala sikulungele ukwenza lula ingxoxo zaseZimbabwe. Ngaxeshanye, sinqwenelela abemi baseZimbabwe impumelelo kunyulo elimiselwe umhla wa-29 kuMatshi.
Kunyaka ozayo, sizakusingatha iKomfa yeNkumbulo ukuhlola ukufezekisa izigqibo zeKomfa yeHlabathi ngokuChasene noCalucalulo leyo yayibanjelwe kwilizwe lethu ngo-2001. siqinisekile ukuba, ngokuchazelwa kukubulala kwabo isibetho socalucalulo kunye nemiphumela ephanzisayo eqhubeka ukuyinyasha eluntwini, urhulumente nabantu behlabathi bazakusebenza kunye nathi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iKomfa yeNkumbulo izakuphumelela iinjongo zayo.
Oluxanduva lehlabathi-jikelele, kuquke nokusingatha Indebe yeHlabathi yeFIFA ka-2010, kusinika isibindi senkuluko ngethemba uluntu elinalo kwilizwe lethu njengomdlali oyilayo phakathi kwenzame ezibalaseleyo zoluntu lonke. Kodwa asimelanga ukuthabatha oku ngokungakhathali.
Xa sele nditsho konke endikutshiloyo, ndibuyela kumbuza: buyintoni ubume besizwe sethu xa singena ku- 2008!
Into endingayaziyo kwaye ndisitsho ngesibindi ukuba: nokuba yeyiphi imicelimngeni okwangoku, sisese lugqatsweni!
Ndikutsho oku ndinesiqiniseko esingagunqiyo ngokuba ndiqinesekile ukuba abemi boMzantsi Afrika banesakhono kwaye bazilungiselele ukujongana nomcelimngeni wembali - ukusebenzisa wonke umsipha womzimba wethu - ukusabela imicelimngeni yanamhlanje yesizwe, kuquke ezo zijongene nezoqoqosho lwethu, isimo sezoqoqosho nopolitiko eAfrika nakwezinye indawo ehlabathini, nokusebenzisa amathuba lawo ilizwe lethu liqhubekela kuwo eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi elinesine esele ibonelele.
Ngezandla zonke emngangathweni, sizimisele ukwenza izinto ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwaye esebenzayo, sizakugcina inkqubo yethu yokwakha kwakhona nophuhliso siyise nakumazinga aphezulu.
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Ndimi phambi kwabantu boMzantsi Afrika ngokuzithoba ngethuba endibe nalo lokuba kweyona ofisi iphakamileyo elizweni oko kube kwenzeke ngenxa yemeko eyodwa evele kwisigqibo seqela elikhokelayo kurhulumente sokurhoxisa owayesakuba nguMongameli.
Kunye nasekubekeni isiseko solawulo lwangaphaya konyulo ukuze luqhube kakuhle ulawulo.
Kwiinyanga ezintlanu ezidlulileyo siye saqinisekisa utshintsho olungenamagingxi-gingxi kunye nokuqhuba kwemisebenzi karhulumente sibamba ngazibini ke kwinkqubo yethu yomgaqosiseko evuthiweyo, ekubonakala inxenye yayo kwintsebenziswano yamalungu amatsha kunye namadala kunye noncedo oluzinzileyo lwabaphathi bethu becandelo labucala.
Xa sijonga emva kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu edlulileyo, ndinqwenela ukuvuma ukuzibophelela kunye nokusebenza nzima kwaboNgameli Nelson Mandela noThabo Mbeki kunye nabasetyhini kunye namadoda amaninzi adlale indima yawo ekuqhubeni inqanawa karhulumente phantsi kwedemokhrasi: kwisiGqeba nakulawulo, izindlu zowiso-mthetho kumacandelo omathathu karhulumente kunye necandelo leenkundla; ziqhutywa lulangazelelo lokuphucula ubulunga bobomi babo bonke abeMi boMzantsi Afrika.
Ngaphezu kwako konke, ndimi phambi kwenu ngebhongo nokuzithemba kuba uMzantsi Afrika esiwubhiyozela namhlanje lowo ubusakucalula, kukho impixano nokungaqukwa kwabathile kokwenziwayo kwiminyaka nje eli-15 edlulileyo ngoku usisiqhamo semisebenzi nokubila kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda oMzantsi Afrika mbombo zone zomhlaba.
Aba bemi boMzantsi Afrika bemele ithemba nokomelela okuluphawu lwesizwe sethu.
Ngaba bathandi besizwe kunye nabanye ekufuneka banconywe kakhulu xa sibhengeza ukuba nokuba zinokuzisa ntoni na kumanxweme ethu izaqhwithi zoqoqosho, nokuba kungakho ukungaqiniseki kwezopolitiko okungakanani kuthi ngexa lenguqu isizwe sethu sikwimo entle.
Koko, kufuneka singayithatheli phantsi imiceli-mngeni esijongene nayo. Ukwehla kwezoqoqosho kumazwe ngamazwe akulubeki ngozini ingako uqoqosho lwethu ekulahlekelweni yimisebenzi kunye nobulunga bobomi babantu bethu.
Ngokwendalo, ukungaqiniseki kwinguquko yezopolitiko kungabeka imibuzo emininzi kuneempendulo ezikhoyo ngoko.
Njengesiphumo, abanye bethu banokungazilawuli ngokwabo batsalwe ngamaza otshintsho lwemozulu enezaqhwithi baze boyiswe ngamagingxi-gingxi ezoqoqosho kunye nesaqunge sezopolitiko.
Kodwa olwethu luhambo lwethemba nokomelela.
Sinokude sithi, kwimeko ethile engaqhelekanga, imiba emininzi yomgaqosiseko wethu iye yavavanywa kutsha nje kwixa elidlulileyo, kwaye ngamnye kuyo iye yaluphumelela uvavanyo ukuze iveze idemokhrasi eyomelela kwakhona ngokukhawuleza okukhethekileyo. Idemokhrasi yethu inempilo. Ikhula isomelela ngokuthe chu, isomelezwa nguMgaqo-siseko ongalinganisekiyo elizweni.
Ngenene, kukomelela kokuzibandakanya kwethu kwezopolitiko ngeli xesha lokhuphiswano lonyulo elo sonke sivumelanayo ukuba kufuneka libe nesidima noxolo lolona qiniselo luqinisekileyo lokuphila okuqhubayo kunye nokubanzulu kwedemokhrasi yethu.
Ngabantu boMzantsi Afrika abaye baqinisekisa inkqubela yawo, kwaye ngabo abaya kukhusela idemokhrasi yethu kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ndivumele, Nkosikazi Somlomo noSihlalo, ngokuphathelene noku ukuba ndibongoze bonke abeMi boMzantsi Afrika abafanelekileyo ukuba babhalise baze bavote kunyulo oluzayo lwesizwe nolwamaphondo, ukuze sizibumbele ngokwethu indawo esifuna ukuba kuyo.
Oku kufuneka sikwenze suku ngalunye kwii-ofisi zikamasipala, phambi kokuba uluhlu lwabavoti luvalwe. Kodwa kwakhona kufuneka siyivuyele impela-veki ekhethekileyo yobhaliso elungiselelwe yiKomishoni yoNyulo yoMzantsi Afrika ngomso nangeCawa, umhla wesi-7 nowesi-8 kweyoMdumba ngokulandelelana.
Ubukho bethu njengedemokhrasi bube ngenxa yabantu baseMzantsi Afrika abo, ngowama-27 kwekaTshazimpunzi 1994, okokuqala ngokuhlangeneyo bathathela ezandleni zabo abakufunayo.
Ngeso senzo silula kodwa sinzulu sokufaka ivoti kurhulumente wabo bonke abantu belizwe lethu, siye sashiya emva okudlulileyo okusihluthe ukuba ngabantu kwethu.
Elo phulo labeka isiseko semvumelwano yezizwe ngezizwe, oko kusenziswa ngeZizwe eziManyeneyo, ngendlela emayisetyenziswe kuthetha-thethwano eMzantsi Afrika.
EMzantsi Afrika, yazisa kwakhona okubaluleke kakhulu kwiNkomfa ka-1989 yekaMva leDemokhrasi lihlanganisa kunye amathanda sizwe avela kumagumbi omane omhlaba awohlukahlukeneyo.
Elo nyathelo lobukhalipha lenza inkqubo-sikhokelo eyayiza kufuna uxolo noxolelwaniso, endaweni yemfazwe nempixano, labuyisela emva isifingo esingeyonyani seminyaka elikhulu eyadlulayo: oko kukuthi, isiphelo ngo-1909 seNgqunguthela yeSizwe esaxela kwangaphambili ukusekwa kweManyano yoMzantsi Afrika.
Ngexa iNgqungquthela yachaza ukhuselo lwesidima soMzantsi Afrika njengoko sisazi namhlanje, yayisekelwe kwingcinezelo nokukhutshelwa ngaphandle ngokobuhlanga.
Kwakhona, kwi-15 leminyaka kwidemokhrasi yethu, singabhengeza ukuba uloyiko, ukungakhuseleki kunye nenzondo ezo kwiminyaka eli-100 zenza uxolo olukhethekile nolulahlekisayo phakathi kwabaphathi bezithanga, zange kungafunyaniswa nje kuphela, kodwa ngokwenene kwakubekwe ndaweni yimbi.
Olo loyiko nokungakhuseleki kwaye kwanika ukonyuka kuye kumashumi eminyaka oxhathiso. Ngokuphathelene noku, sothulela umnqwazi elo khalipha lonyana woluntu lwethu, u-Solomon Kalushi Mahlangu owaye waxhonywa kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo engoyiki ngokoyikiswa, eneqhayiya lokuba igazi lakhe liya kunkcenkceshela umthi wenkululeko.
Kwikhulu leminyaka enamashumi amathathu , sinokukhuthazwa kuphela lithemba kunye nokomelela okwaye kwangena kwezo ntliziyo zikhaliphileyo.
Kumaziko emfundo, kwa oku komelela kunye kwaye kwaphemba umlilo wokomelela kwiindimbane zabantu ngexa lobusika obabubanda kakhulu emva kokuvalwa umlomo kombutho wenkululeko kunye nokubanjwa koninzi lweenkokheli zalo eziphambili.
Iqela labafundi abakhaliphileyo baye bakreqa kwi-NUSAS baze baseka uMbutho wabaFundi boMzantsi Afrika (SASO) kwiminyaka engama-40 eyadlulayo.
Xa sikhumbula aba bafundi bamaxesha angaphambili siye sibe nomyalezo osibophelelayo, wokuba ukunxanelwa inkululeko nolwazi kutshisa ngamandla kakhulu ezifubeni zolutsha lwethu.
Umyalezo wezenzo zabo zobugorha isakhenkceza nanamhlanje njengoko kwaba njalo kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, ekubeni kufuneka sandise imida yamathuba; kwaye ngokwenene, ngamagama oMqulu weNkululeko, kuvulwe ngokubanzi ngokungaphaya iingcango zokufunda nenkcubeko!
Asiyilibali le mibutho neenkokheli kuba zifake umoya wethemba nokomelela okwenza kuhambele phambili umzabalazo wedemokhrasi nakuba yonke into yayibonakala imfiliba; ngokunika ugxininiso kwimfanelo esemagxeni ethu ekuqhubeleni phambili imisebenzi olwazenza idini kuyo uninzi lwabantu, bengafuni ukoyikiswa zizinto ezibabuyisela umva nobunzima.
Ke ngoko ke, Nkosikazi Somlomo noSihlalo oBekekileyo, kufuneka sizibuze ukuba, ingaba izenzo zethu ziyichaze njani indlela yophuhliso loluntu loMzantsi Afrika kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu ukusukela ekuzalweni kwedemokhrasi yethu, kwaye siluqhubele njani phambili uphuhliso loluntu kunye nesidima soluntu ukusukela kwigunya ledemokhrasi lika-2004!
Namhlanje sinenkqubo yedemokhrasi esebenza kakuhle, esekelwe kwimithetho-siseko yokungafihli nto kunye nokuvuleleka, enemigangatho emininzi yothabatho nxaxheba loluntu kunye namaziko azimeleyo agunyaziswe nguMgaqo-siseko uba axhase idemokhrasi.
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, siye saphucula ngokuthe chu imibutho yolawulo. Siye saseka indlela yonxulumano oluphakathi kurhulumente kumacandelo onke, kwaye saphucula uhlanganiso ngaphakathi naphakathi kwawo.
Ngokwenene, urhulumente makazingce ngokuba siye satshintsha ukwakheka kwenkonzo karhulumente ukuba mayibandakanye lonke uluntu, nto leyo esondeleyo kubunjani boluntu lwethu ngenxa zonke.
Nakuba, abasetyhini besenza malunga nama-34% azo zonke izikhundla eziphezulu kwinkonzo karhulumente, oku kuyasilela kobekujoliswe kuko kokulinganisa ebesizibekele kona.
Kumabakala ezindlu zowiso-mthetho zesizwe nezamaphondo, kubonakala ngathi isizwe kulo nyaka siya kodlula kuma-32% omgangatho wokumelwa ngabasetyhini owaphunyezwa ngo-2004 kwaye ngethemba, nakuma-40% aphunyezwa ngonyulo boorhulumente beengingqi luka-2006.
Siyathemba ukuba onke amaqela ezopolitiko, njengoko egqibezela uluhlu lwawo lonyulo, aya kufaka isandla kulo mzamo unesidima kangaka!
Nangona kukhona inkqubela eyenziweyo, eli-0,2%, imeko ayiphucukanga kangako ngokuphathelene nabantu abakhubazekileyo abaqeshwe kurhulumente, xa kulinganiswa ne-2% ebesijolise ukufikelela kuyo.
Kuzo zombini ezi zikhankanyiweyo icandelo labucala lisasalele emva kakhulu.
Amanyathelo awohlukeneyo aye athathwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwenkonzo karhulumente, kuqukwa nolawulo lwezimali, amaZiko eeNkonzo ze-Thusong kunye nokunye okuye kwavezwa okutsha kokufezekisa ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo, izimbizo kunye, njengoko kusenzeka ngoku kwiSebe leMicimbi yezeKhaya, ubunkokheli obuqinileyo.
Nakuba kunjalo, kuninzi ekusafuneka kwenziwe ukuze kuphuculwe umkhwa weenkonzo kunye noqhelwaniso lomsebenzi kubasebenzi bakarhulumente ingakumbi abo basebenza ngqo noluntu.
Njengoko anokuba ayazi amaLungu aBekekileyo, urhulumente wethu wenze ukuba umlo ochasene norhwaphilizo ibe ngomnye wemimandla engundoqo ekujoliswe kuyo.
Oku kubonakaliswa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kumthetho, imithetho nemimiselo elawula abasebenzi bakarhulumente kunye nababambi zi-ofisi abangosoopolitiki ngokufanayo, ubambiswano noluntu kunye noosomashishini, ngokunjalo neminxeba etsalwayo kuxelwe okuchasene norhwaphilizo.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iindlela zokuthintela kunye nokohlwayela urhwaphilizo azikoneli, kodwa ngokombono weendlela zikarhulumente, sinokuzithuthuzela ngokuba ngaphezulu kwama-70% amatyala orhwaphilizo axeliweyo kwabeendaba aye aziwe nguwonke-wonke kuba urhulumente ukubonile okungalunganga kwaye ngokwenene kukho into ayenzayo ngako.
Kwa le miceli-mngeni minye ijongene necandelo labucala. Ekugqibeleni, umceli-mngeni ukwamalunga nomthetho, kuba umalunga nokunyanzelwa kwawo okufanayo.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba sonke sivumile ukuba ukuphila koluntu lwethu kuxhomekeke, kakhulu, kwinkqubela esiyenzayo ekwandiseni ubutyebi besizwe kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ubuncwane bokukhula koqoqosho kwabelwana ngabo ngabantu xa bebonke.
Yinto eqhelekileyo eyokuba, emva kokoma kwezoqoqosho ekupheleni koo-1980 kunye nasekuqaleni koo-1990, uMzantsi Afrika uye waba nelona xesha lokukhula koqoqosho liye lazinza ukusukela ekubeni ukushicilelwa kwamanani aqokelelweyo okunjalo kwaqala ngo-1940.
Ngexa ukukhula kwabaxhasi, kukhuthazwa yingqesho kunye nengeniso enyukayo kunye namazinga okunyuka nokwehla kwemali namazinga enzala asezantsi, kukho indima okuyidlalileyo ngokuphathelene noku, sikhuthazwa liphulo elibanzi lamathuba lokunabisa ngokungaphaya kuye phambili.
Oku kuquka, kuqala, amazinga aphezulu otyalo-mali kuwo omabini amacandelo kwelikarhulumente nelabucala. Ngokuphathelene noku, kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, besixhathise kwi-16% yokwenziwa kwenkunzi engaguqukiyo kungekatsalwa nto kuyo njengepesenti yemVeliso yaseKhaya kungekaTsalwa nto kuyo (GDP). Oko ke iye yaba kukukhawuleziswa kutyalo-mali kwaye elo nani namhlanje limi kuma-22%, kufutshane nama-25% esithelekelela ukulifumana kuphela ngo-2014. Inxenye ethile yoku isisiphumo seenkqubo eziyilwe ngurhulumente zokwandisa izibonelelo zokusebenza zikarhulumente.
Ikwasisiphumo semigaqo-nkqubo esokuphucula isimo sotyalo-malo lwamacandelo abucala, kunye nokuqhuba imigaqo-nkqubo yezoqoqosho neyemali ngendlela eyandisa ufikelelo kwiinkonzo kwaye yehlise umthwalo wokwehla nokunyuka kwamandla emali ngexa kwangaxesha nye iqinisekisa uzinzo kwisikeyile esikhulu sezoqoqosho nokugcineka kwaso.
Ujoliso kutshintsho loqoqosho oluncinane kwishumi leminyaka elidlulileyo, kunye neenzame, ingakumbi ukusukela ngo-2004 ngobuchule obungaphaya bokususa iintlobo ngeentlobo zemiqobo ekukhuleni luye lwaba neempembelelo ezintle.
Phantsi kwalo mxholo iPhulo lokuKhawulezisa ukuKhula ekwaBelwana ngako (AsgiSA) liyaphunyezwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izithintelo ezinzima ezifana nemiqobo kwizibonelelo zokusebenza, umgaqo-nkqubo wezoshishino ohlanganisiweyo kunye neenkqubo, imiceli-mngeni yezakhono, ukungabikho ntshukumo kulawulo kunye nokwanela kweenkonzo zikarhulumente lulungiso ekugqaliswe kulo ngobuchule.
Uqoqosho lwethu luye luvuleleka, kwaye ukusukela ngo-1994 luya luhlangana ngokuthe chu kwindlela yamazwe ngamazwe. Amaziko ethu ezimali angumzekelo omhle oye wasikhusela kwizaqhwithi zezoqoqosho zamazwe ngamazwe.
Kananjalo, ububanzi bofikelelo kuluntu lwethu busahleli busezantsi kakhulu kunoko kulindelekileyo. Uqoqosho lwethu lusahleli luxhomekeke kakhulu kwezezembiwa nolimo ukuze kuthunyelwe kumazwe angaphandle. Ngaphandle kwakwicandelo leenkonzo, asibonanga kwaneleyo kumacandelo abalulekileyo, ingakumbi elokuvelisa.
Ngenxa yoko, izinga lokukhula kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle khange libe phezulu njengakumazwe afana nathi. Bobu buthathaka ngqo obenza intsilelo enkulu ye-Current Account ingakumbi xa singena kwizintlu eziphezulu zokukhula.
Kwaye ngenxa yokuba sinamazinga asezantsi olondolozo, kuye kwafune ka ukuba sithembele ekungeneni nasekuphumeni kwenkunzi kwexesha elifutshane ukuxhasa intsilelo ngokunjalo neenkqubo zethu zotyalo-mali.
Le yimiceli-mngeni ngokuqinisekileyo ekufuneka ilizwe lethu liyilungise ukuze liqhubele phambili.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ngumbuzo wokuba: ngokwenene kufuneka ukukhula koqoqosho kube malunga nantoni Ubutyebi benzelwa ukuphucula ubulunga bobomi babantu?
Yiloo nto ke, umbuzo wokuba ukukhula emakwabelwana ngako ngokulinganayo kufuneka ibe ngundoqo wokuthathelwa kwengqalelo koqoqosho.
Okubalulekileyo, ukwabelana ngeziqhamo zokukhula kufuneka kube nemisebenzi edalwayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho imisebenzi ephucukileyo.
Ngokwenene, ngumba owenza ibhongo owokuba phakathi kuka-1995 no-2003, uqoqosho lwadala malunga nesigidi esinye esinesiqingatha semisebenzi nje emitsha; kwaye okubalaseleyo ngokungaphaya, malunga nemisebenzi engama-500 000 ngonyaka phakathi kuka-2004 no-2007.
Kweli thuba lakamva, ixesha lokuqala ukusukela ekufunyanweni kwedemokhrasi, imisebenzi emininzi yayidalwa kunenani labo batsha bangena kwimarike yemisebenzi, oko ke kusehlisa izinga lentswela-ngqesho ukusuka kuma-31% ngo-2003 ukuya kuma-23% ngo-2007.
Ngokwenene, oku kufuneka kungasuki kwisibophelelo sethu sokuqhuba sigocagoca umba wemisebenzi elungileyo, kuqukwa namalungelo kunye nezibonelelo ezonwatyelwa ngabasebenzi.
Ukwabelana ngeziqhamo zokukhula nako kufuneka kuquke uphunyezo olukhawulezileyo lokunika amathuba abo babewavinjiwe ngaphambili, kuqukwa nokuNikwa kwabamNyama aMandla ezoQoqosho.
Oku ayikokulandela loo nto kuthiwa yi-ajenda yobuhlanga, Ngokwenene, ilizwe elingaqinisekisi ukubandakanyeka kwabo bonke abemi balo kwimigangatho yonke yemisebenzi yoqoqosho ngokuqinisekileyo liyakusebnza ngaphantsi kunoko belizimisele ukukwenza.
Into yokuba icandelo labucala libe lisalele ngasemva ekutshintsheni ukubandakanyeka koluntu lonke kulawulo kunye nemisebenzi enezakhono, kuphuhliso lwamashishini njalo njalo kwenza ukuba ilizwe lethu lihambe kancinane ekukhuleni okuphezulu.
Ukwabela ngeziqhamo zokukhula nako kuthetha indima eyoneleyo nenobulungisa kurhulumente ekusebenziseni okunxulumene nemali njengesixhobo sokwaba kwakhona kunye nokwabelana ngomthwalo wokubonelela ngempahla kawonke-wonke.
Amalungu aBekekileyo inokuba anolwazi oluninzi lwemicimbi enxulumene nemivuzo yoluntu. Koko ndiyakukhankanya iimeko ezimbalwa kwakhona ukuze ndibonise ubunjani benkqubela esiyenzileyo kunye nemicelo mngeni esijongene nayo.
Urhulumente ubuhlungu xa eqonda ukuba ubuhlwempu obunzima busanabile kuluntu lwethu, kwaye umgangatho wokungalingani uphezulu kakhulu.
Okokuqala, ubuhlwempu buye behla kakhulu ukusukela ekutshintsheni ikhulu leminyaka. Ukwehla kakhulu kungenxa yokwanda kakhulu kwenkcitho yenkxaso-mali yoluntu ukusukela ngo-2002 ukuya phambili. Le mpucuko ibonwa ngofikelelo kwiinkonzo ezisisiseko ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kubuhlwempu be-asethi kuye kwade kwakhokelela ekwehleni kubuhlwempu. Okwesibini, nangona ukwehla kubuhlwempu kukukhulu, ukungalingani kuphelele kunyukile ngoo-1990. Okwesithathu, ukuguquka okuhamba nobuhlwempu nokungalingani kumisela isimo ngokubanzi komgaqo-nkqubo[U] buhlwempu behlile ukusukela kwinguqu, kodwa ukungalingani akuphucukanga.
Phakathi kwemizi equka abantwana (abachazwa njengabo baneminyaka eli-17 nangaphantsi), inani lemizi elixela ukuba umntwana ulambile lehlile kakhulu ngokungaqhelekanga (ukusuka nje kuma-31 eepesenti ukuya kwi-16 yeepesenti) phakathi kuka-2002 no- 2006. Oku kuthetha ukuba isimo sobuhlwempu sehle ngokubalaseleyo, ingakumbi kwabo bantu bahlupheka kakhulu. Ubukho jikelele bendlala phakathi kwabantwana buye behla ukuya kwisiqingatha kwiminyaka emine edlulileyo.
Ngokwenene, le ngqwalasela iqinisekiswa luphando lwethu, olubonisa ukuba ubuhlwempu kwingeniso ingakumbi kuluntu olumNyama nolweBala behlile, nxenye yoko yenziwa ngamazinga aphezulu engqesho kunye nofikelelo kwiinkxaso-mali zentlalo. Ngenxa inani labaxhamli nkxaso-mali lali-2,5 yezigidi ngo-1999, ngo-2008 oku kunyuke ukuya kuma kwi-12,4 yezigidi.
Oku kakhulu kungenxa yokwanda okukhulu kufikelelo kwiNkxaso-Mali yeSondlo sabaNtwana, okunyuke ukusuka kubaxhamli abangama-34 amawaka ngo-1999 ukuya kwi-8,1 yezigidi ngo-2008.
Njengenxenye yokufaka isandla kwingeniso yabahluphekayo, okujoliswe kuko ngamathuba emisebenzi esisigidi esi-1 ngeNkqubo yeMisebenzi kaRhulumente eyaNdisiweyo yaye yaphunyezwa ngo-2008, kwangoko ngonyaka kunoko kwakucingelwe kwigunya lonyulo luka-2004. Oku kwenze ukuba kubekho indlela yokwandisa inkqubo kunye nokuphucula ubulunga bayo.
Ngokuphathelene nokufikelela kwemizi kwiinkonzo ezisisiseko, amanani azixela ngokwawo. Njengokuba, ufikelelo kumanzi aphathekayo kuphucuke ukusuka kuma-62% ngo-1996 ukuya kuma-88% ngo-2008; umbane (58% ukuya kuma-72%); kwaye ugutyulo (52% ukuya kuma-73%).
Ubungqina kumvuzo wentlalo bukwabonwa ngempucukp enkulu ekufikeleleni kwizibonelelo zempilo ezisisiseko. Ama-95% abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngoku ahlala kwiikhilomitha ezi-5 zezibonelelo zempilo; kwaye sazisiwe ukuba zonke iikliniki ngoku zinofikelelo kumanzi abalekayo. Ugonyo lwabantwana luyonyuka ngokuthe chu ukuya kuma-85%; kwaye izehlo zemalariya zehle kakhulu.
Sikwakhuthazwa kukuba uphando kubukho jikelele bentsholongwane kaGawulayo lubonisa uzinzo kunye nokwehla kancinane kumazinga osulelo.
De kube ngoku izibonelelo ezininzi zempilo zihlala zingenawo amayeza afunekayo, imigangatho efanelekileyo yabasebenzi, neenkonzo ezisisiseko ezifumaneka rhoqo ezifana namanzi ahambayo acocekileyo kunye nombane. Kwezinye zezi zibonelelo, ulawulo luyalambatha kwaye ukuziphatha kwabasebenzi kufunwa ukuphuculwa.
Kwimfundo, siye sabona ukwehla kwirashiyo katitshala: umfundi; phantse ufikelelo ibe lufikelelo oluvuleleke kuwonke-wonke ngokobhaliso kumgangatho wezikolo zamabanga aphantsi, kunye nokuphucuka kwinani labafundi abaphumelela imathematika, ukuxela imizekelo embalwa.
Kwangaxesha nye, kwenziwe umzamo omkhulu wokuphucula izakhiwo kwimimandla ehluphekayo.
Ukongeza, intsingiselo ekusebenzeni, ngokokufundisa kunye nokufunda, ibonisa ukuzinga kokohlukana ngokwezentlalo kwangaphambili.
Okuphoxayo kukuba, apho imfundo ifuneka ngamandla ekuncedeni ekupheliseni ubuhlwempu, kulapho kungekho khona izibonelelo zokusebenza, ulawulo kunye nootitshala.
Iinkqubo zentlalo zikarhulumente nazo zikuphucule okusisiseko kwabahluphekayo ngokohlobo lwezindlu ngeenkxaso ezi-2,6-zezigidi ezinikiweyo.
Kakade kufuneka sivume ukuba inkqubo yolwabiwo lomhlaba ngokunjalo nenkxaso yasemva kwalo ngabe iphethwe ngcono nangokukhawuleza.
Xa kukonke, sinebhongo ngenkqubela kwiinkqubo zethu zentlalo. Kodwa ngeke sizonelise ngotshintsho nje oluninzi.
Nokuba kwimfundo, impilo, kwezezindlu, amanzi nogutyulo, umbuzo ongundoqo esijongana nawo yonke imihla ngowokuba siwuphucula njani na umgangatho wezi nkonzo! Koko isende indlela ekusafuneka siyihambe.
Isibetho solwaphulo-mthetho sihleli sisisibetho esingundoqo wokungakhuseleki kubemi boMzantsi Afrika. Amava emihla ngemihla, kwiindawo ezihluphekayo nezityebileyo ngokufanayo, yenye yezinto ezixhalabisayo kuba kuhlala kunokwenzeka kube khona uhlaselo olunobundlobongela.
Kodwa siyazi ukuba ukwehla akukhawulezanga kakhulu, hayi nangezinga le-7-10% ebesizibekele lona kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho. Into yokuba izehlo zophango olunobundlobongela emizini kunye nakumashishini zinyukile, kwaye ulwaphulo-mthetho olubhekiswe kwabasetyhini nasebantwaneni lungadanjiswanga ngawo nangawaphi na amanyathelo abonakalayo, ngumba okhathaza kakhulu ke lowo.
Oku kukhomba kubuthathaka kubumelwane bethu, ingakumbi ekwakhiweni kokubambana kwimbumba yamanyama kuluntu okuya kusinceda ukuba sithintele kwaye silwe ulwaphulo-mthetho. Oku kukhomba ubuthathaka kwindlela yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho, ukusukela ekuphandweni kwamatyala ukuya ekolulekweni kwaboni. Ikhomba ubuthathaka ekusebenzeni ngamandla kwenkqubo yeenkundla, ngokobugcisa kunye nezinye izakhiwo kunye nolawulo.
Le yimiba yenkqubo yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho ebanzi elungiswe ngokutsha eqalileyo ukuyilungisa.
Kananjalo, ekuzihlabeni amadlala, kufuneka singalahlekani nento yokuba into esiyihlolayo yinkqubo eyonwabela, kakhulu, ukuba semthethweni okwake kwehla elizweni lethu.
Oku kungenxa yotshintsho olwenziwe ngala maziko, ngokwemigaqo-nkqubo yawo ngokusekelwe kwinkcubeko yamalungelo oluntu, ukwakhiwa kwawo ngokwedemografi, kunye neenkqubo zawo zokuthathela kuwo uxanduva.
Kodwa masingazikhohlisi: kuba ngobomi bethu xa bubo ke bentlalo, utshintsho olunjalo lusekumabakala asakhulayo. Isende indlela ekusafuneka siyihambe.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba amaLungu aBekekileyo ayakuvuma ukuba uluntu lolawulo olwazelelayo lwedemokhrasi yethu lunokufumana intsingiselo ukuya kuma apho sinika khona ingqalelo kwabona bangakhuselekanga kuluntu.
Ngokuphathelene noku, siye saqinisekisa ukuba iinzame eziluqilima ziyenziwa ukuphucula iimeko zabantwana, abasetyhini, abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye nabadala oko kusenziwa ngomthetho kunye namaphulo.
Ngamaphulo enkxaso kwaye nangenxa yokubambisana esiye sakwenza kunye nemibutho emele la maqela abuthathaka, siye sakuphucula ukuqonda okujikeleze imiba ewachaphazelayo kwaye kwakhuthazwa ngenkqubela ukuhlanganiswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwezi zinto zikhathazayo.
Kusenza sibe nebhongo kakhulu, umzekelo, owokuba imizi ephethwe ngabasetyhini ibe yiyo efumana isabelo esikhulu kune-avareji somvuzo wezentlalo kuqukwa nezindlu kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo, kunye nokuba phakathi kweenkqubo eziphumeleleyo kubekho amaphulo kugonyo kunye nezondlo zabantwana.
Ufikelelo kwingqesho kunzima kakhulu kwabasetyhini basemaphandleni, kulutsha kunye nakubantu abakhubazekileyo. Intsholongwanekagawulayo ineempembelelo kakhulu kwabasetyhini abasebatsha. Ubundlobongela obubhekiselwe kwabasetyhini nasebantwaneni buphezulu kakhulu.
Yonke le misebenzi yeyexesha elizayo.
Le ke yenye yenkqubela eze nedemokhrasi, kunye nenkqubela eyenziwe ngurhulumente ekufezekiseni igunya labavoti.
Akukho mpikiso yokuba, ngawo nawaphi na amanyathelo, inkqubela eyenziwe ukusukela ngo-1994 iyakhuthaza. Kodwa akunakubakho mathandabuzo okuba isemininzi imiceli-mngeni esekhona.
Ndiyihambile loo ndlela inde iya enkululekweni. Ndizamile ukuba ndingagevezeli, ndiye ndakhubeka endleleni. Kodwa ndiye ndafumanisa imfihlo yokuba emva kokonyuka intaba ende, umntu uye afumanise ukuba ziseninzi ezinye iintaba ekusafuneka azinyuke. Ndithathe umzuzu apha wokuba ndiphumle, ukuba ndijonge okuhle okundijikelezileyo, ndijonge emva kumgama esele ndiwuhambile. Kodwa ndinokuphumla nje umzuzwana, kuba inkululeko iza neemfanelo, kwaye andinakuzilibazisa, kuba uhambo lwam olude alukapheli.
Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukusuka ngoku abantu bezwe lethu bayakubhengeza iinkokheli abazifunayo ukuba ziqhubele phambili umsebenzi omhle walo mlweli nkululeko mkhulu kangaka kunye nabanye abaseki bedemokhrasi yethu.
Ngexa iindlela esizisebenzisayo zinokwahluka, iinjongo ekufuneka sijolise kuzo zicacile kwaye zibekwe ngokungaxandanga kuMgaqosiseko wethu: yeyokudala indawo yabantu emanyeneyo, engenalo ucalulo, engacaluli ngokwesini, enedemokhrasi nenempumelelo edlala indima entle ekwakheni ilizwe elingcono.
Kwiminyaka emithandathu edlulileyo, iinkokheli zabantu bethu zaye zahlangana kunye kwiNgqungquthela yoPhuhliso nokuKhula zaze zafikelela kwisivumelwano ngemisebenzi ekufuneka sonke siyenze ukuphucula ubulunga bobomi babemi boMzantsi Afrika, ingakumbi ekwehliseni ngesiqingatha intswelangqesho kunye nobuhlwempu ngo-2014.
Namanyathelo athathwa kwingingqi kunye nophumezo lophuhliso, kuqukwa nolungiselelo lwezakhiwo kunye nofikelelo kwiinkonzo ezisisiseko.
Ndiqinisekile, ukuba, njengenxenye kunye nokongeza, kwezi njongo abeMi boMzantsi Afrika ngeke bohluke ngokuphathelene nemfuno yokuphucula inkqubo yethu yemfundo; ukunika ukhathalelo lwempilo olwaneleyo, oluphucukileyo nolunobulungisa, ukuphuhlisa imimandla yethu yasemaphandleni kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuselo lokutya; kunye nokomeleza umlo ochasene nolwaphulo-mthetho norhwaphilizo.
Ndibala le miba hayi ngenxa yokuba iquka konke okanye ngenxa yokuyibala siyakulungisa zonke izinto ezingalunganga kuluntu lwethu. Kunoko, ndikhethe ukwenza oko ukugxininisa into yokuba uMzantsi Afrika awehlelwa bubuhlwempu bemithetho-siseko. Umceli-mngeni wethu kukuguqulela le mithetho-siseko ube ziinkqubo neeprojekithi zophunyezo olusebenzayo.
Le mithetho-siseko ingqinwa phantse lulo lonke uluntu, njengoko ibonisiwe kwiiNjongo zoPhuhliso zesiGaba seXesha leWaka leMinyaka seZizwe eziManyeneyo.
Kwaye kananjalo uluntu namhlanje lujongene nengozi yokuba ukuphunyezwa kwezi njongo kunokumiselwa elinye ixesha ngeminyaka emininzi, xa ingengomashumi eminyaka, njengesiphumo sobunzima bezoqoqosho obujikeleze ilizwe xa lilonke.
Into, eyaqala ehlabathini, njengobunzima bezoqoqosho kumaziko ambalwa abolekisa ngemali yaye yagcwala ihlabathi lonke, yaba neziphumo ezibi kwiimveliso ezisisiseko nakurhwebo.
Sinokukuhlaba amadlala ukunyoluka, ixesha elifutshane kunye nokungabi nankathalo kwabaphathi beenkampani ezinkulu ezenze ukuba ubunzima bukhawuleze. Singayigxeka imigaqo-nkqubo yoorhulumente eye yangakujongi okungundoqo kwaye yanika iimvume ezinokunyoluka zeemalike ezingalawulwayo ukuba zibange umonakalo kwiinkqubo zezimali. Sinokukwenza konke oku; kwaye siyakungqinelwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngexa umsebenzi wethu ongundoqo nekufuneka wenziwe ngoku ikukuzibulela iziphumo zolu phuhliso kuqoqosho lwethu kunye nakummandla wethu, ngoku kufuneka siveze iimpendulo eziya kunciphisa iimpembelelo zalo ingakumbi kuloo macandelo abuthatha oluntu lwethu.
Into esiyaziyo kukuba okusingqongileyo okulawulayo elizweni lethu kunye nomgaqo-siseko wengeniso zemali ochasene nokungazinzi koqoqosho esiye sayamkela iye yasinceda ukuphepha iimpembelelo ezimbi zobu bunzima.
Kodwa siqonda sonke ukuba, ngenxa yokuba sihlanganiswe ngamandla kuqoqosho lwelizwe, imfuno yempahla yethu ethunyelwa ngaphandle yehlile; ufikelelo kwizimali kunye nokungena kwenkunzi kuye kwajika kwamandundu; imfuno esezantsi iye yawisa imveliso; ukudalwa kwemisebenzi kuchaphazeleke kakubi kwaye kwamanye amacandelo udendo luye lwenzeka ngokwenene.
Obu bunzima buye bangqamana nexesha apho ukuhla nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye namazinga enzala ebese phezulu kakhulu.
Ludityanisiwe, olu phuhliso, lwenza iingeniso esizifunayo zokwandisa ulungiselelo lweenkonzo kunye nokuphumeza iiprojekithi zezakhiwo zethu. Nakuba kunjalo, siye sanyanzeleka ukuba sehlise iingqikelelo zethu ngokokukhula kunye nokudalwa kwemisebenzi.
Siyazi nathi ukuba uMzantsi Afrika awuchaphazelekanga ngokumandundu kangako kunamanye amazwe amaninzi. Ngokwenene, ngexesha elo amanye amazwe ebehlelwe okanye ejonge ukuwa, uMzantsi Afrika kunye nenxenye yelizwekazi basakulungele ukukhula, nokuba kungezinga elincinane na.
Ngokuphathelene noku, Malungu aBekekileyo, ndinovuyo lokunixelela ukuba ukudibana okuphakathi kwe-ofisi kaMongameli kunye neenkokheli zamaqabane ezentlalo awohlukeneyo, savumelana ngokuhlangeneyo ukuba siyile iindlela eziya kunciphisa obu bunzima kuluntu lwethu.
Okokuqala, urhulumente uyakuqhuba ngeeprojekithi zakhe zotyalo-mali kuwonke-wonke, xabiso lazo elo ke linyuke laya kuma kwizigidi zezigidi ezingama-R690 kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo. Ngokuphathelene noku, apho kukho khona imfuneko siyakuyila iindlela zokunyusa imali.
Oku kuyakuquka inkxaso evela kumaziko ethu ophuhliso kunye nenkxaso yemali-mboleko evela kwii-arhente zamazwe ngamazwe, ngokunjalo nobambiswano kunye necandelo labucala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ezilawulwa ngabasebenzi ezifana neengxowa-mali zomhlalaphantsi.
Okwesibini, siyakwenza kuqine iinkqubo zengqesho kwicandelo likarhulumente. Kwelinye icala, amacebo okwandisa ingqesho kumacandelo afana nelempilo, lentlalontle, imfundo kunye nee arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho aya kuqhuba. Kwelinye icala, siya kukhawulezisa ukungena kwesigaba esilandelayo seNkqubo yeMisebenzi kaRhulumente eYandisiweyo.
Okwesithathu, amanyathelo okuthomalalisa anokuqalwa kwicandelo labucala ukuze kuchaswe ukwehla okugqithisileyo kutyalo-mali kunye nokuvalwa okungeyomfuneko kweendawo zeemveliso okanye imizi mveliso.
Ngokwecala lakhe, urhulumente unokukhuthaza amaziko alungiselela ukuxhaswa kwamashishini kunye nezinto eziza kwenza umtsalane ukunceda ekujonganeni nemiceli mngeni kumacandelo awohlukeneyo, kunye nokunceda aphuhliso ezimali ukuba ancede iifem ezisebunzimeni ngenxa yobunzima bezimali.
Kuyakujongwa ezinye iindlela kunokuba kudendwe, kuqukwa iiholide ezinde, uqeqesho olongeziweyo, imisebenzi yexesha elifutshane nekwabelwana ngayo. Oku kuyakudityaniswa nokuphakanyiswa kwephulo lokuba neQhayiya ngokuba ngowaseMzantsi Afrika kunye namanyathelo angqongqo kwizinto ezingeniswa elizweni ngokungekho mthethweni.
Okwesine, urhulumente uyakugcina kwaye andise inkcitho yentlalo, kuqukwa nokolula ngokuqhubekayo inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abaneminyaka eli-18 yobudala kunye nokwehlisa iminyaka yokufanelekela umhlalaphantsi iye kuma-60 emadodeni.
Ukongeza, siyakusebenzisa ngokungaphaya iNkxaso yokuNika isiQabu kwiNtlupheko eNtlalweni kunye namanyathelo okhuselo lokutya kwaye kwakhona sijolise kwabo mhlawumbi bangekho phantsi kokhuselo lweNgxowa-mali ye-Inshurensi yokungaSebenzi okanye abo bazisebenzise bazigqiba izibonelelo zabo.
Siyakuqhuba kwakhona sinika ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kumceli mngeni wokuziphatha okungafikelelekiyo ngakwicala lezinye iinkampani zethu. Ngokuphathelene noku, singathanda ukwenza isindululo sokuba iKomishini yoKhuphiswano ibe nesandla esiqinileyo esibonisayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba aboni bayabanjwa.
Siyathemba ukuba uluntu luyakunyusa eyawo imigangatho yobutsha ntliziyo ukuqinisekisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba njengoko amaxabiso ezinto esehla, iziqhamo ziviwa ngabemi xa bebonke.
La manyathelo ayakuvuselelwa yimithetho-siseko yomgaqo-siseko wengeniso zemali ochasene nokungazinzi koqoqosho. Koko, siyakuqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba okuboleka enziwa ngurhulumente anobulumko kwaye agciniwe. Oku kukwaquka nokwehliswa ngokukhawuleza kwamanqanaba etyala karhulumente nanini iimeko zisiba ngcono.
Iinzame zethu ziyakuvuselelwa kukwazi ukuba amanyathelo okukhusela okusingqongileyo kunye nokudambisa iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu nawo anokufaka isandla ekudalweni kwemisebenzi.
Kwiintlanganiso ze-G20 kunye nezinye iindibano kumaziko ahlangeneyo urhulumente wethu uye walwela ukubandakanyeka okufanelekileyo nokungamandla ingakumbi kumazwe aphuhlileyo apho ubunzima buqale khona kwaye bumandundu khona. Siyakholwa ukuba lifikile ixesha lokwandisa umthetho wasekhaya kunye nokuhlola inkqubo yezimali, kodwa ngaphaya koku, uqwalaselo kunye namanyathelo kwisikeyile samazwe ngamazwe akwenzekanga ukuba aphetshwe kwaye aba yimfuneko.
Isifundo esibophelelayo esivela kula mava sesokuba sifuna ubambiswano oluluqilima phakathi kwabo kukho indima abayidlalayo kwezoqoqosho kwisikeyile sasekhaya nesamazwe ngamazwe, hayi kuphela ukususa iimpembelelo zobunzima, kodwa kwakhona ukuthatha amanyathelo anokuthintela ukwenzeka kwakhona.
Kwilizwe lethu, siyakwenza le misebenzi njengenxenye yenkqubo yokubeka uluntu lwethu kwindlela ephezulu yokukhula kunye nophuhliso. Ubude bexesha ngokubhekisele ekufumaneni indlela ephezulu inokuba yolulekile ngandlela thile. Kodwa asithandabuzi ukuba liza kufika msinyane elo thuba kunokuba lifike sekudlule ixesha.
Ngokuphathelene noku, indlela esilimisa ngayo ilizwe lethu ukuba lithathe amathuba eza kwicala lethu, iya kubaluleka kakhulu. Apha ke ndibhekisela kakhulu kwiNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA yango-2010 ngokunjalo neNdebe yoManyano eza kuba kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukusuka ngoku. Phantse zonke iiprojekithi kunye namacebo zigqityiwe okanye sele ziza kugqitywa ukusuka kumabala ezemidlalo, izakhiwo zothutho, amanyathelo okhuseleko, imiba yeendawo zokuhlala, ukuya kumacebo empilo nemfuduko oko kuqinisekisa ukuzithemba kommandla webhola ekhatywayo yamazwe ngamazwe okuba owethu umnyhadala uya kuba nempumelelo.
Kwaye sikholelwa ekubeni, emva kokuphumelela kahlanu ngokulandelelana, iqela lesizwe lebhola ekhatywayo ngoku lizithemba ngokungaphaya kwaye lizilungiselela ukudlala ngokungaphaya kunokulindelekileyo!
Kodwa ngaphaya koku, ilifa lokwenene lalo mnyhadala liya kuba sekubeni nako kwethu ukubonisa uMzantsi Afrika nobubele base-Afrika nobuntu ukutshintsha kanye indlela ilizwe lethu kunye nelizwekazi lethu elibonwa ngayo ngabantu behlabathi. Oko kuxhomekeke kuthi sonke, kwaye ngoko ngeke sifake xabiso!
Sikwathi halala kumaqela ethu ezemidlalo aye aligcina iphupha loMzantsi Afrika lokufuna ukugqwesa kunyaka ophelileyo. Imbeko yethu ekhethekileyo iya kwiqela lethu lekhrikethi elinyuke laya kuma emanqwanqweni aphezulu ehlabathi.
Ngokwenene siziiNtshatsheli zeNdebe yeBhola yoMbhoxo yeHlabathi; u-Giniel de Villiers neqela lakhe baphumelele i-Dakar Rally; Abadlali bethu abakhubazekileyo baqhubile ukusenza sibe nebhongo, kwaye iqela lethu lebhola ekhatywayo labaminyaka ingama-20 baqhube kakuhle kwimidlalo ebinokhuphiswano ngokugqithisileyo.
Kwiiveki nje ezimbini eziphelileyo, uMzantsi Afrika ugqibezele neMali uvimba wokulondoloza imibhalo-ngqangi yakudala ye-Timbuktu.
Le ndyebo ityebe kangaka ikhomba e-Afrika njengemqondiso wezenzululwazi noncwadi, ifilosofi norhwebo, oluphazanyiswa lurhwebo ngamakhoboka kunye nokungxamela ukufumana yase-Afrika.
Eli phulo kufuneka lisikhuthaze ekubeni sisebenze kumboniso kunye namanye amazwe akwilizwekazi lethu kwaye libonise ngokungaphaya ngcono imeko yoluntu.
Ngokwenene, kwiminyaka eli-15 elidlulileyo khange sizilibazise iinzame zokuqinisekisa ukuba i-Afrika ivuselelwa ngendlela yokuba ibe yintoni kanye ekufuneka kusetyenzwe ngayo kwiNkulungwane ye-Afrika. Kancinane kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo, ilizwekazi lethu liqhubela phambili libhekise ekuvuselelweni ngokutsha, kunye nomdla wabantu balo unyuka usiya phezulu kwii-ajenda zeenkokheli zabo, oko ke kubethelela ithemba kunye nokomelela kwalo kwibakala lehlabathi.
Koku, kwaye koku kuphela, kufuneka sithi gqolo ukunceda abantu baseZimbabwe ukuba bafumane isisombululo sexesha elide kwintlekele ekwelo lizwe. Ngokuphathelene noku sinqwenela ke ukuthi halala kumaqela onke e-Zimbabwe ngokufikelela kuthetha-thethwano, ngokufezekisa elona bhaso lokugqibela ebelihleli lingumnqweno wabantu belo lizwe kunye namazantsi elizwekazi ngokubanzi: oko kukuthi, urhulumente ozinzileyo nosemthethweni osele uzilungiselele ukulungisa imiceli-mngeni ejongene nabantu. Sikhuthazeke kakhulu kukuba, izolo, iPalamente yase-Zimbabwe iye yaphumeza uHlaziyo lwe-19 loMgaqo-siseko, elithi thaca isiseko sokumiswa kukarhulumente oquka abantu bonke.
Ngoku umsebenzi wokwakha ngokutsha unokuqala ngamandla kwaye uMzantsi Afrika sele ukulungele ukunceda naphi na xa unako. Ngokunxulumene noku, kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo yokunceda kule ntlekele ijongene noluntu kweliya lizwe. Sinethemba lokuba, kuba luyakhathala, uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe luya kuzimanya nabantu base-Zimbabwe njengoko beza kuhamba indima entsha.
Njengoko sinokungqinelwa luphuhliso olwahlukeneyo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, uMzantsi Afrika uya kusebenzisa ilungelo elikhethekileyo lokuchophela i-SADC ukwandisa eli ziko lommandla libaluleke kangaka, ngogxininiso olukhethekileyo ngophumezo lwezisombululo zeNgqungquthela kunye nokolula umanyano olusisicwangciso sommandla.
Siyakuhlala sifuna ukuyandisa intsebenziswano nalamazwe kunye namanye amazwe kuba silandela okulungileyo eluntwini.
Kumathuba amaninzi siye savakalisa ukukhathazeka kwethu ngenxa yokuzinga kwembambano kuMbindi Mpuma jikelele ingakumbi kwaSirayeli nasePalestina. Ukuba nzulu kokuphoxeka kwethu ekunyukeni kwembambano kunye nelahleko enkulu yobomi, ingakumbi abantu abangekho mkhosini kuqukwa abantwana, abasetyhini nabantu abadala ngokwenene akunakuchazwa.
Sithi halala ngokungaphaya kurhulumente kunye nabantu base-Cuba ngesi sikhumbuzo sama-50 sokufumana inkululeko yabo, ngayo, babe nenkululeko yokukhetha indlela yabo yophuhliso.
Sikunye namanye amazwe asemaZantsi siyakuqhuba silandela ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kweZizwe eziManyeneyo, iNgxowa-mali yezeMali yamaZwe ngamaZwe, kunye namanye amaziko amaninzi ukuze abonise amazwe ngamazwe atshintshileyo natshintsha ngokwenene kwaye asebenza ngendlela enedemokhrasi, enobulungisa nengafihliyo.
Iinzame zethu yimithetho-siseko emibini esisiseko eyile: imfuno kuthi yokuphumeza igunya elanikwe lo rhulumentehe ngo-2004; kunye nokubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente oza kungena emva konyulo ufumana umgangatho osele ulungele ukuphumeza ezi nkqubo ngaphandle kolibaziseko olungafanelekanga.
Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo de ibe lunyulo lwesizwe nolwamaphondo, siza kuzama ukugqibezela elo gunya laziwa kakhulu.
ukwandisa iinzame zokulungisa ngokutsha inkqubo yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho, kuqukwa namandla ophando ngokunzulu ukuze kusonjululwe ingxaki kulwaphulo-mthetho, ukonyuka ngokukhawuleza kwenani labaphandi, ukusetyenziswa ngokugqwesileyo kolwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano kunye nolawulo olungcono lweenkundla; kunye nokuququzelela iinkqubo ezijolise ekolulweni kwezinto eziphathelene nolingano ngokwesini ezifana nokumelwa okungama-50/50 kumaqumrhu awenza izigqibo, uphuhliso lolutsha, amalumgelo abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye namalungelo abantwana kuqukwa nokugqibezela iindibano kuMgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe woluTsha, ukulungiselelwa kokuphunyezwa kweTshata yeSizwe yase-Afrika yakube ilungisiwe yiPalamente, kunye nokumisa i-Arhente yeSizwe yoPhuhliso loluTsha; ukungenisa iProtokoli ye-SADC kwiSini noPhuhliso ePalamente, ukolula inkxaso kumalungelo abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye nokwandisa inani loomasipala ukuba bamisele iiNdawo ezibalulekileyo zamaLungelo abaNtwana ziye ngaphaya kwama-60% akhoyo ngoku.
Ezi kunye nezinye iinkqubo, kuqukwa kweenkonzo ezingundoqo ezachazwa kwiNtetho eyeNzela iSizwe ePalamente kweyoMdumba ophelileyo, zenza uqilima lwemizamo yethu yokuligqiba igunya elaziwayo zize zibeke isiseko sexa elizayo.
Siyakuzenza zibe namandla kakhulu iinzame zethu sikhuthazwa yinzondelelo, ithemba nokomelela kwabantu boMzantsi Afrika ekulandeleni oko kulungele thina xa sisonke. Oku, kungundoqo, kungumthombo wokuzithemba kwethu xa sisithi isizwe sikwimo entle. Idemokhrasi yethu isempilweni, ikhula kancinane ngokomeleleyo.
Ngoko ke, ngamagama alowo wayesakuba nguMongameli Mandela, [thina] kufuneka singasaleli emva, kuba uhambo [lwethu] olude alukapheli.
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Siyavuya ukuba nani ngobubusuku bubaluleke kangaka.
Ndimi phambi kwakho ngobu busuku, sekuyiminyaka ingama-20 ukususela mhla uMongameli Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela waphumayo eluvalelweni. Sikhethe olu suku njengosuku lokubiza leNdibanisela yeziNdlu zePalamente ukuze ndinikezele ngeNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe, ukubhiyozela imbali eyaguqula ilizwe lethu.
Sikwakhumbula simnika nembeko uMnu Harry Schwarz, nothe ngelishwa wasweleka kule veki iphelileyo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ebelilungu leqela elimele abamangalelwa kwityala laseRivonia. Sidlulisa umbulelo wethu kubahlobo bethu namaqabane wamazwe ngamazwe, ngokuthi bancedisane nathi ngamaxesha onke xa besilwela ukuzuza inkululeko yethu.
Samkela ngokukodwa usapho lakwaMandela. Bathe baba luphawu lokuzenza idini kwabaninzi abathi babulaleka phantsi kwengqumbo yocalucalulo.
Sibulisa iinkokheli zeqela elilawulayo kunye nembumba yaMahlakani yalo, ekungumsitho owodwa kubo lo.
Siphinda kwakhona umbulelo wethu osuka emazantsi entliziyo kwabezizwe ngezizwe ngenkxaso yabo engagungqiyo ekuxhaseni umzabalazo wethu. La mathuba kwimbali yethu abonakalisa amandla wethu okumanyana, nkqu nangaphezu kwazo naziphi na iimeko ezinzima, nokubeka phambili iimfuno zesizwe ngaphezu kwazo naziphi na ezinye iimfuno.
Xa sisebenzisana singenza ngcono.
Apha ekuhambeni konyaka, siza kubhiyozela ukusekwa kweManyano yoMzantsi Afrika, neyasekwa ngowe-1910. Oku kwadala umbuso olawulwa liqela elinye kungekho qela liphikisayo. Ngokuqaphelekayo, ukushiyelwa ngaphandle kwabantu abamnyama kule Manyano kwaba sesinye sezizathu eziyintloko zokusekwa kwe-African National Congress ngowe-1912. Xa siphawula lo mbhiyozo apha ekuhambeni konyaka, kufanele sibonakalise ukuba sesihambe kangakanani na njengesizwe.
Ndimi phambi kwenu, hayi njengomprofeti kodwa njengesicaka senu bantu, esizithobileyo. Ukuzenza kwenu idini ngokungadinwayo nokobuqhawe kuko okwenze ukuba ndibe nakho ukuba lapha namhlanje. Ngoko ke iminyaka esaseleyo kubomi bam, ndiyi nikezela esandleni senu
La mazwi ayasivuselela ukuba singaphumli side sibe siyiphumezile iminqweno nenkolelo yoluntu olukhululekileyo kwindlala nasekusweleni. Kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini ukususela ekukhululweni kukaMadiba, ilizwe lethu litshintshe ngokuncamisayo. UMongameli Mandela walimanyanisa eli lizwe phantsi kweenjongo zoMzantsi Afrika ongenacalucalulo ngokwesini, ngokobuhlanga, wentando yesininzi nohlumayo.
Njengoko sibhiyozela ukukhululwa kukaMadiba namhlanje, masiphinde sizibophelele ekwakheni ingomso eliqaqambileyo labo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika, abamnyama nabamhlophe.
Masiqhubele phambili umnqweno nenkolelo uMadiba ebehlala eyilwela ubomi bakhe bonke - umnqweno wesizwe sentando yesininzi nesikhululekileyo, apho bonke abantu bahlalisana ngokuvana namathuba alinganayo.
Sibize le ndibanisela ebusuku ukuze uninzi lwabantu kwilizwe lethu, abasebenzi nabantwana besikolo, bakwazi ukuba yinxalenye yalo msitho. Siyithandile indlela ulutsha olubonakalise ngayo umdla ngokumalunga nalo msitho.
Ngamakhulu mabini anamashumi mathandathu anesithandathu abantwana abavela kuwo onke amaphondo abathe bathatha inxaxheba kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yangaphambi-kweNtetho engoBume beSizwe malunga nendima yolutsha kumlo wokulwa nendlala.
Sidibana sizoku lwisana nentlekele yokubuyela umva koqoqosho lwehlabathi. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, sifumene ukudodobala koqoqosho okokuqala kwiminyaka eli-17. Le ntlekele ibangele ukuba kuqoqosho lwethu siphulukane namathuba omsebenzi engama-900 000. Uninzi lwabo baphulukene nemisebenzi ngabantu ekuxhonyekekwe kubo kwiintsapho ezihluphekileyo.
KweyoMdumba kulo nyaka uphelileyo, urhulumente, abezoshishino, abasebenzi nabameli boluntu bavumelana ngamanyathelo anokuthatyathwa ukunciphisa izinga nempembelelo yale ntlekele. Sesisebenzise amaninzi kula manyathelo. Siphumeze amanyathelo abalulekileyo okulwana nokudodobala koqoqosho kwinkcitho karhulumente, ingakumbi kwiziseko zoncedo.
Ukuqiniseka ukuba ababetheki kakhulu, senyuse inkxaso-mali yezentlalo, saza sayandisa iminyaka yabantwana abafumana iNkxaso-mali yaBantwana yayakutsho kwiminyaka engaphezulu kwe-14. Kule minyaka mithathu izayo, abantwana abongezelelweyo abazizigidi ezibini abavela kwiintsapho nemizi ehlwempuzekileyo, ababudala buli-15 ukuya kwi-18 leminyaka, bayakuxhamla kwiNkxaso-mali yaBantwana.
IQumrhu loPhuhliso lwamaShishini ibekele bucala imali ezibhiliyoni ezi-6 ukuncedana neenkampani ezisokolayo. URhulumente uvelise "isikimu seenkqubo zoqeqesho" ukunika abasebenzi ixesha lokuba bafumane uqeqesho kunokuba badendwe. La malinge omelezwe yiNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu yethu.
Isizwe siyakukhumbula ukuba kwiNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe yowama-2009, ndabhengeza ukuba iNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu eNatyisiweyo iza kudala amathuba emisebenzi engama-500 000 kweyoMnga 2009. La ngamathuba emisebenzi adalelwe ukubonelela abantu abangaphangeliyo ngomvuzo, amava omsebenzi namathuba oqeqesho.
Bemi boMzantsi Afrika, sinovuyo ukunazisa ukuba ekupheleni kweyoMnga, besesidale amathuba emisebenzi yoluntu engaphezulu kwama-480 000, into ethetha ukuthi ngama-97% yenani ebesijolise kulo. Le yimisebenzi efana neyokwakha, unakekelo lwezempilo lwasekhaya nolwasekuhlaleni, neeprojekti zokusingqongileyo. Sityumbe imimandla ethile efuna ukuphuculwa, esiza kuyisebenzisa ukuya phambili, kuquka nokuqinisekisa ngeeprojekti ezijolise kakhulu ekusekweni kwemisebenzi.
Siyayazi ukuba oku namanye amanyathelo akusoze kuyinciphise ngokupheleleyo impembelelo yokudodobala koqoqosho. Siyawubulela umoya weentsapho, wobuhlali nomsebenzi wamavolontiya ovuselela abantu abaninizi ukuba bancede abo bachatshazelwe kakhulu yile ntlekele, ngala maxesha obunzima.
Iimpawu zoqoqosho zibonisa ukuba ngoku sesidlulile kwelona xesha linzima. Uqoqosho luyakhula eMzantsi Afrika, kwaye silindele ukukhula koqoqosho okuya phambili. Iinkcukacha-manani zezemisebenzi ezikhutshwe ngoLwesibini, zibonakalisa ukuba uqoqosho ludala amathuba emisebenzi kunokuba luyivale. Kodwa ke, kuse kutsha noko, ukuba singaqiniseka ngezinga lokuphucuka. Ngoko ke, uRhulumente akakazukuyirhoxisa inkxaso yakhe. Ngoku lixesha lokuba sakhe isiseko sokukhula koqoqosho olomeleleyo ukuya phambili, nokukhula okuvelisa amathuba emisebenzi eyongezelelweyo.
Inkqubo yethu yeziseko zoncedo yexesha elide iza kusinceda sikhule ngoku khawuleza. Iinkqubo zethu zezemfundo nezakhono ziza kwandisa ukuvelisa kwethu nokukhuphisana. IsiCwangciso sokuSebenza koMgaqo-nkqubo wezoShishino wethu nengqwalasela yethu entsha kwimisebenzi efanelekileyo ngokusingqongileyo, siyakwakha ushishino olomelele ngokuthe chatha noluqesha abantu abaninzi. Inkqubo yethu yophuhliso lwamaphandle iya kuphucula imveliso yasemaphandleni, kwakunye nobomi babantu abahlala emaphandleni. Isiseko sesicwangciso-qhinga sethu sokubuyisela uqoqosho nokukhula, inkqubo yethu yotyalo-mali lwemali eyinkunzi.
Kule minyaka mithathu izayo, urhulumente uza kuchitha ama-R846 eebhiliyoni kwiziseko zoncedo zoluntu. Kwezothutho, siza kulolonga sandise uthungelwano lwethu leendlela. Siza kuqinisekisa ukuba uthungelwano lwethu lomzila kaloliwe luthembakele, luyakhuphisana kwaye ludityaniswe ngendlela engcono namazibuko wethu.
Ukuqinisekisa unikezelo mbane oluthembakeleyo, siye saseka iKomiti yabaPhathiswa kwezaMandla, ukuze baphuhlise isicwangciso semithombo esidibeneyo seminyaka engama-20.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, oku kuya kujonga ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwabavelisi bombane abazimeleyo, nokukhusela abantu abahluphekileyo kumaxabiso ombane onyukayo. Siza kuseka ulawulo lwenkqubo ezimeleyo, eyahlukileyo ku-Eskom Holdings. U-Eskom uza kuqhubekeka ukwakha amandla okuvelisa aze aphucule indlela yokulolonga izikhululo zakhe. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhuthaza uqoqosho oluquka wonke umntu, ukuncedisa nokuphuhlisa, siye saseka iBhunga lokuCebisa lokuXhotyiswa kwaBamnyama ngokuBanzi kwezoQoqosho, usihlalo walo nguMongameli.
Eyona ngqwalasela intsha ingxamisekileyo lutshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo ekufuneka ibe ngamangenelelo okudala amathuba emisebenzi yabantu abatsha. Izinga lokungaphangeli kwabantu abatsha lingaphezu kokuqonda. Kuza kwenziwa iziphakamiso zokuncedisa kwiindleko zokuqeshwa kwabasebenzi abasebatsha, ukukhuthaza iifemu ukuba ziqeshe abasebenzi abangenamava. Okunye ukwandiswa kwenkqubo yemisebenzi yoluntu nako kusendleleni.
Oku kuquka iziseko zoncedo zasekhaya neeprojekti zamaziko emfundo ephakamileyo neeprojekti zezakhono zokufunda nokubhala, unakekelo lwezempilo lasekhaya, ukunakekelwa kwezikolo namaphulo okuPhuhliswa kwabaNtwana abasaKhulayo.
Kulo nyaka uphelileyo siseke i-Arhente yoPhuhliso loLutsha yeSizwe.
Siyalele ukuba le arhente mayisebenze ngokukhawuleza ukuseka iziseko zayo, elizweni jikelele, ukuze ibe nokuncedisa ukufaka iinkqubo zophuhliso lolutsha eburhulumenteni.
Ekungeneni kolu lawulo kulo nyaka uphelileyo, saqalisa ukusebenza ngamandla ukwakha isizwe esiphuhlayo.
Sathi iya kuba sisizwe esihoyana neemfuno neminqweno yabantu, esisebenza ngcono nangokukhawuleza. Lo nyaka, wama-2010, uza kuba ngunyaka wokuba kusetyenzwe. Olona phawu lubalulekileyo kolu lawulo iza kuba kukuba luyabazi abantu ukuba bahlala phi na, luyaziqonda iimfuno zabo kwaye lusabela ngokukhawuleza. URhulumente kufuneka asebenze ngokukhawuleza, ngamandla nangcono.
Siza kulindela ukuba iiNkonzo zesiGqeba nezoLuntu ukuba ziwuthobele lo mbono. Sakha isizwe esisekelezelwe ekwenziweni komsebenzi, ngokuphucula ucwangciso kwakunye nohlolo novavanyo lomsebenzi.
Sikwafuna ukuquka amanyathelo okulingana ngokwesini kwiNkqubo yoMsebenzi kaRhulumente. La manyathelo ayakuqinisekisa ukuba abantu ababhinqileyo, abantwana nabantu abakhubazekileyo bayakwazi ukufikelela kumathuba ophuhliso. Sinovuyo ukwazisa ngendlela entsha yokusebenza kurhulumente.
Imisebenzi yamasebe iya kulinganiswa ngemiphumela, ephuhliswe ngenkqubo yethu yohlolo novavanyo lomsebenzi. Abaphathiswa abajongene nemiphumela ethile, baya kutyikitya isivumelwano sokwenziwa komsebenzi esicwangcisiweyo kuMongameli. Siza kucacisa ukuba yintoni ekufanele yenziwe, njani, ngubani, phakathi kwexesha elingakanani na kwaye kusetyenziswa wuphi umlinganiselo nayiphi imithombo.
Njengoko nisazi, sizibophelele kwiindawo zantlanu eziphambili emakuqalwe ngazo: ezemfundo, ezempilo, uphuhliso lwamaphandle novuselelo lomhlaba, ukudala umsebenzi ofanelekileyo, nokulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ukongeza, siza kusebenzela ukuphucula ukusebenza koorhulumente basekhaya, uphuhliso lweziseko zoncedo neendawo zokuhlala koluntu. Siza kwenza imisebenzi emininzi engundoqo ukujolisa ekuphumezeni le miphumela.
Ingqwalasela yethu enkulu siyibeke kwezemfundo nasekuphuhlisweni kwezakhono kwimigaqo-nkqubo yalo rhulumente. Kwinkqubo yethu yama-2010, sifuna ukuphucula amandla abantwana bethu okufunda, ukubhala nokubala kwakwiminyaka yabo yokuqala.
Asisokuze siwuphucule umgangatho wemfundo, ngaphandle kokuba senze oku. Iinjongo zethu eziphambili kwezemfundo zilula kodwa zibalulekile. Sifuna ukuba abafundi kunye nootitshala babe sesikolweni, emagumbini okufundela, ngexesha, bafunde kwaye bafundise iiyure ezisixhenxe ngosuku.
Siza kuncedisa ootitshala ngokubabonelela ngezicwangciso zemihla ngemihla zezifundo ezineenkcukacha. Abafundi, siyakuba bonelela ngeencwadi zokusebenzela ekulula ukuzisebenzisa ezifumaneka ngeelwimi ezili-11.
Ukusukela kulo nyaka ukuya phambili, bonke abafundi bebanga le-3, le-6 nele-9 baya kubhala uvavanyo lokufunda nokubhala nolwezibalo oluphononongwe ngokuzimeleyo. Sizimisele ukwandisa izinga lempumelelo kolu vavanyo lisuke kwizinga lomlinganiso ophakathi wangoku ophakathi kwama-35 nama-40% ukuya kuma-60% ngowama-2014 ubuncinane.
Iziphumo ziya kuthunyelwa kubazali ukuze bakwazi ukubona inkqubela.
Ukongeza apho, isikolo ngasinye kwizikolo zethu ezingama-27 000 ziya kuhlolwa ngamagosa eSebe leMfundo esisiSeko. Oku kuya kushicelelwa kwingxelo ebhaliweyo ezakuphicothwa. Sizimisele ukulandisa inani labafundi bematriki abalungele ukungena eyunivesithi liyokuma kwi-175 000 ngonyaka ngowama-2014. Sicela abazali ukuba basebenzisane kunye nathi ekwenzeni oku kube yimpumelelo. Siyayamkela intetho eyenziwe yimibutho yootitshala, i-NAPTOSA, SADTU ne-SAOU, xa bengqina ukuzibophelela kwabo kwiPhulo lokuFunda nokuFundisa okuseMgangathweni ukususela ekuqaleni kowama-2010.
Kufanele sidale ihlumelo kulutsha lwethu ukuqinisekisa abasebenzi abanezakhono nabakwaziyo ukusebenza ukuxhasa ukukhula nokudalwa kwamathuba emisebenzi. Ngako oko siceba ukwandisa uqeqesho lwababudala buphakathi kwe-16 - 25 kumaziko okwandisa imfundo noqeqesho. Oku kuza kusivumela ukuba sinike abo bangakulungelanga ukungena eyunivesiti ngokwemfundo, ithuba lesibini kwimfundo.
Sisebenzisana namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi abafanelekileyo bafumana uncedo lwemali, ngeSikimu soNcedo lwezeZimali lwabaFundi seSizwe.
Kwakhona sizibekele ngebhongo iinjongo eziphambili zophuhliso lwezakhono, ukuvelisa iinjineli namagcisa ongezelelweyo, nokwandisa inani lootitshala abalungele ukufundisa iziBalo neNzululwazi. Kufuneka sandise inani lolutsha olungenela uqeqesho emisebenzini kumacandelo abucala nawakarhulumente.
Omnye umphumela ongundoqo kukuqinisekisa ubomi obude nobusempilweni kubo bonke aBemi boMzantsi Afrika. Siza kuqhubekeka ukuphucula inkqubo yethu yonakekelo lwezempilo. Oku kuquka ukwakhiwa nokuphuculwa kwezibhedlele neekliniki, nokuqhubekeka ukuphucula iimeko abasebenza phantsi kwazo abasebenzi bonakekelo lwezempilo. Sizidibanise neBhanki yoPhuhliso yaseMazantsi e-Afrika ukuphucula iindlela ezisebenza ngayo izibhedlele zikarhulumente kunye nee-ofisi zazo zesithili. Kwakhona sikwasebenzisana neBhanki yoPhuhliso yaseMazantsi e-Afrika kunye neQumrhu loPhuhliso lwamaShishini, kwinkqubo yobehlulelani bukarhulumente nabezoshishino labucala ukuphucula izibhedlele nokubonelela iiprojekthi ngemali.
Kufuneka sihoyane nento yokuba ukuba ubomi obuphilwayo ukusukela ekuzalweni komntu, kwehlile ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-60 ngowe-1994 kwayo kutsho njengaphantsi kwama-50 eminyaka namhlanje. Ngoko ke senza amangenelela okunciphisa izinga lokubhubha kwabantwana abazalwayo, ukunciphisa usuleleko olutsha lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kwakunye nokunyanga ngokuvakalayo iNtsholongwane kaGawulayo nesifo sephepha. Kwakhona siza kunciphisa ukubhubha kweentsana ngenkqubo yokugonya ngokobuninzi.
Siza kubuyisela iinkqubo zezempilo ezikolweni. Siza kuphumeza zonke izivumelwano ezenziwa ngoMhla kaGawulayo weHlabathi ngokumalunga nothintelo olutsha lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo namanyathelo onyango. Umsebenzi omkhulu uyenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba lo msebenzi ugqitywa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kwakhona siza kuqhubekeka ngamalungiselelo okusekwa kwenkqubo ye-inshorensi yesizwe yezempilo.
Senza konke okusemandleni wethu ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani eMzantsi Afrika uziva ekhuselekile kwaye ukhuselekile.
Siza kuwuqhubela phambili umsebenzi wethu ukuciphisa ulwaphulo-mthetho olumasikizi nolunobundlongondlongo, nokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yezobulungisa isebenza ngokuvakalayo. Siphumeza izicwangciso zokwandisa inani lamapolisa namapolisakazi nge-10% kule minyaka mithathu ilandelayo.
Sityumbe ukulwana nokuqweqwediswa, ukukhuthuza kwasekhaya nokwamashishini, kwakunye nolwaphulo-mthetho oluphakathi komntu nomtu olufana nobugebenga, ukudlwengula nokuhlasela, njengeendawo eziphambili ekufanele kuqalwe ngazo. Sonke sinendima ekufanele siyidlalile.
Masithathe inxaxheba kumaqonga okhuseleko nabahlali. Masiyeke ukuthenga izinto ezibiweyo. Masisoloko sikulungele ukunika amapolisa ulwazi malunga nezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho.
Xa sisebenzisana siya kuloyisa ulwaphulo-mthetho.
Iliqela imiba esele ihoyiwe.
Ndiyalele ukuba abaPhathiswa mabahoyane nemiba esaseleyo. Siya phinda sithi akukho nasiphi na isikhalazo esifunisa ubundlongondlongo nokutshatyalaliswa kwempahla. Siyalele i-arhente zabezomthetho ukuba zithabathe amanyathelo aqatha kuwo nawuphi na umbodamo oseBalfour nakwezinye iindawo.
KweyoMga yama-2009, iKhabhinethi iphumeze isicwangciso-qhinga sokudala inguqu koorhulumente basekhaya. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba oorhulumente basekhaya banolawulo olufanelekileyo, izakhono zezolawulo nezobugcisa ezifanelekileyo.
Kuwo lo nyaka wokuba kusetyenzwe, masisebenzisane ukwenza oorhulumente basekhaya babe ngumsebenzi wonmtu wonke. Sijonge ekuphuculeni iindawo zokuhlala zasematyotyombeni ezimi kwindawo entle size sinikezele ngeenkonzo ezifanelekileyo nelungelo lokuhlala isigxina kwimizi engama-500 000 ubuncinane ngowama-2014. Siceba ukubekela bucala ngaphezulu kweehektare ezingama-6 000 omhlaba karhulumente osendaweni entle ukwenzela ukwakha izindlu zabo bamivuzo iphantsi nezifikelelekayo.
Iphulo elitsha elingundoqo liya kuba kukulungiselela abo bamivuzo iphezulu ukuba bangafumana inkxaso-mali karhulumente, kodwa besamkela kancinci kakhulu ukuba bangafumana imali-mboleko yebhanki eqhelekileyo yokuthenga indlu. Siza kuseka ingxowa-mali yesiqinisekiso se-R1 sebhiliyoni ukukhuthaza iibhanki zabucala necandelo lezezindlu, ukuba ziphuhlise imveliso entsha ukukhawulelana noku kufuneka kwezindlu.
Kunyaka ophelileyo sathi, abantu basemaphandleni nabo banelungelo lokuba nombane, amanzi, izindlu zangasese ezigungxulwayo neendlela.
Sathi kufanele babe neendawo zezemidlalo kunye neendawo zokuthenga ezinkulu neziphucukileyo njengezasezidolophini.
Kule meko, sisungule isiza selinge lokuqala leNkqubo yoPhuhliso oluBanzi lwaseMaphandleni eGiyani, eLimpopo, kweyeThupha kulo nyaka uphelileyo.
Ukususela ngelo xesha, ngama-231 ezindlu ezakhiweyo. Inkqubela phambili yokubonelela ngeziseko zoncedo ukuxhasa uphuhliso lwezolimo, noqeqesho lwabahlali seyenziwe nayo. Ufikelelo kumaziko ezempilo nawezemfundo sele luphuculiwe. Siphumeza iinkqubo ezifanayo kwiziza ezisixhenxe elizweni jikelele, oku kuza kuxhamlisa iwodi ezingama-21.
Kancinci kancinci kuza kude kulunge, bantu bakuthi, kuthiwa nenkqayi iqala ngentlontlo.
Sikwafuna ukudibanisa ngcono iinkqubo zobuyiselo mhlaba nenkxaso yezolimo. Impumelelo yethu kule ndawo iya kubonakala ngokwanda kwenani lamafama ezinga elincinci athi akhule aphuhle kwezoqoqosho.
Asisilo lizwe lityebileyo kwicala lokuba namanzi. Noxa kunjalo, sisalahlekelwa ngamanzi amaninzi ngenxa yemibhobho evuzayo nokungoneli kweziseko zoncedo. Siza kuba namanyathelo esiwabekayo ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwethu ngamanzi kangangesiqingatha ngowama-2014.
Njengenxalenye yethu yokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho, sisazama indlela yokunciphisa iindleko zoqhagamshelwano. Uluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika lungalindela okunye ukuthotywa kwamaxabiso othungelwano-maza, umnxeba weselula, umnxeba wocingo kunye namaxabiso eminxeba kawonkewonke. Siza kusebenzela ukwandisa isantya sothungelwano-maza nokuqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lenkonzo ye-Intaneti, ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yezizwe ngezizwe.
Lo rhulumente uza kuqinisekisa ukuba indalo yethu nemithombo yethu yendalo ikhuseleke kakuhle, kwaye ixhotyiswa rhoqo.
Siza kusebenza ngokuthe chatha kunye noogxa bethu bezizwe ngezizwe sisebenzela isivumelwano esibophelela ngokusemthethweni. NjengoMzantsi Afrika, sizibophelele ngokuzithandela kwiinjongo eziphambili ezibaluliweyo zokunciphisa ungcoliseko, kwaye siza kuqhubekeka ukusebenzisa isicwangciso-qhinga sethu sokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwemozulu sexesha elide.
Siza kuqinisa amalinge wethu okuphakamisa iimfuno zoMzantsi Afrika kwihlabathi jikelele. Siza kuwaxhasa amalinge okukhawulezisa indibaniselwano yepolitiki neyoqoqosho yommandla weNkqubo yokuPhuhliswa kwaMazwe e-Afrika eseMazantsi (i-SADC), nokukhuthaza urhwebo notyalo-mali phakathi kulo mmandla. UMzantsi Afrika usaqhubekeka ukudlala indima ephambili kumalinge elizwekazi ukomeleza iManyano yamaZwe ase-Afrika kunye neziseko zayo, nokusebenzela umanyano. Siza kunikezela amandla ekuvuseleleni ubuDlelwane obuTsha boPhuhliso lwe-Afrika, njengesicwangciso-qhinga sophuhliso loqoqosho kwilizwekazi.
INkonzo kaRhulumente isabele kubizo lokwenza eli ixesha lokuqala lokusebenza msinyane nokuphuculwa komsebenzi karhulumente. Siza kulindela ukusebenza okugqwesileyo nokusebenza ngamandla. Sifuna abasebenzi bakarhulumente abakhutheleyo, abakwaziyo ukusebenza nabazikhathaleleyo iimfuno zoluntu. Urhulumente sele esebenzela uphuhliso nokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yophuhliso lwenkonzo karhulumente, oluya kucacisa indlela nomgangatho wokuziphatha kwabasebenzi bakarhulumente kuwo onke amazinga.
Siyaqhubekeka ngamalinge wethu okuncothula urhwaphilizo nenkohliso ekunikezelweni kwemisebenzi neenkqubo zeziniki maxabiso, nakwizicelo zeempepha mvume zokuqhuba, inkxaso-mali karhulumente yezentlalo namaxwebhu ezazisi, phakathi kwezinye.
Sixolile yinkqubela urhulumente ayenzayo kwezinye iindawo. Kule veki, sirhoxise iintlawulo zenkxaso-mali karhulumente yezentlalo zenkohliso ezingama-32 687, ezixabisa i-R180 lezigidi. IKomiti yethu yabaPhathiswa ejongene noRhwaphilizo isakhangela iindlela zokuloyisa luphele nya urhwaphilizo. Xa sisebenzisana singenza ngcono.
Njengoko nisazi, savelisa uMnxeba kaMongameli ongaValwayo ukwenza ufikelelo kurhulumente nakuMongameli lube lula ngakumbi kuluntu, nokunceda ukususa imiqobo ekunikezelo nkonzo. Lo mnxeba ungavalwayo ubonakalisa ukuzimisela kwethu ekwenzeni izinto ngendlela eyahlukileyo eburhulumenteni. Lo mnxeba wenze umahluko kubomi babemi boMzantsi Afrika abaninzi.
La ngamabini nje kumabali amaninzi empumelelo. Kule neminye imizekelo, siqaphele ubuthakathaka ekufanele bulungiswe ngamazinga awohluka hlukeneyo aseburhulumenteni. Ngegunya likaSomlomo, siye samema igqiza lamaqela ngamaqela asePalamente ukuba atyelele eli ziko lomnxeba, ukuze amaLungu ePalamente azibonele ngokwawo umsebenzi owenziwayo.
Ndizicacisile iimpawu zezicwangciso zethu zowama-2010, isibophelelo sethu esihlangeneyo njengorhulumente kubantu baseMzantsi Afrika. INtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe inika umfanekiso ophangaleleyo wesicwangciso sethu somsebenzi. AbaPhathiswa baza kunikezela ngeenkcukacha kwiintetho zabo zoHlahlo Lwabiwo-mali lwabo olwahluka hlukeneyo.
KweyeNkanga kulo nyaka, siya kuphawula isikhumbuzo seminyaka eli-150 yokufika kwamaNdiya eMzantsi Afrika. Oku kunikeza ithuba lokuba sikwazi ukubaluleka kwegalelo elenziwe ngamaNdiya kumacandelo ezemisebenzi, ezoshishino, ezenzululwazi, ezemidlalo, ezenkolo, ezobugcisa, ezenkcubeko nempumelelo nokomeleza intando yethu yesininzi.
Ukusingatha umnyhadala weNdebe yeHlabathi yeFIFA yenza owama-2010 ngokwenene ube ngunyaka wokuba kusetyenzwe. Sichithe iminyaka emininzi silungiselela leNdebe yeHlabathi. Sishiyekelwe nje ziinyanga ezintathu. Kwaye sizimisele ukuyenza ibe yimpumelelo. Iziseko zoncedo, ukhuselo namalungiselelo ezinto eziyimfuneko sele enziwe ukuqinisekisa umnyhadala oyimpumelelo.
UMongameli Mandela ube negalelo ekuncedeni ilizwe lethu ukuba linikwe amalungelo okusingatha lo mnyhadala mkhulu kangaka. Ngoko ke kufanele ukuba leNdebe yeHlabathi siyenze impumelelo enkulu njengentlonipho yokumbulela. Bantu bakuthi, nathi masilixhase iqela lethu lesizwe iBafana Bafana. Ndingomnye wabo bakholelwa ukuba iBafana Bafana iza kwenza imimangaliso. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, itikiti esandlelni bantu bakuthi!
Sonke masithenge amatikiti kuselithuba ukuze sikwazi ukuya emidlalweni.
Njengoko sibhiyozela ukukhululwa kukaMadiba namhlanje, sizibophelela ngokutsha kuxolelwano, umanyano lwesizwe, ukungabi nabuhlanga nokwakha ikamva elingcono njengabemi boMzantsi Afrika, abamnyama nabamhlophe.
Ngexesha lokuphila kwam ndinikela ubomi bam kumzabalazo wabantu abaMnyama. Ndilwile nokuthi abamhlophe babe ngentla kwezinye iintlanga, ndaza ndalwa nokuthi abamnyama babe ngentla kwezinye iintlanga.
Ndiyixabisile iminqweno yentando yesininzi nesizwe esikhululekileyo, apho bonke abantu bahlalisana ngokuvana, kwaye bafumane amathuba alinganayo. Ngumnqweno endithemba ukuba ndiyakuwuphilela, kwaye ndiwuphumeze.
Kodwa ukuba kukho imfuneko, ngumnqweno lowo endikulungeleyo ukuwufela
Ngokuvuselelwa sisisele sethu senyathi uMadiba, kuyinyhweba kum ukuba ndinikezele leNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe yowama-2010 kuwo onke amaqhawe namaqhawekazi wethu, adumileyo nangadumanga, awaziwayo nangaziwayo. Masisebenze kunye ukwenza lo nyaka wokuba kusetyenzwe ube yimpumelelo kwilizwe lethu.
<fn>2000-04-xhosa.txt</fn>
UMTHETHO Ukunika impumelelo kwicandelo 9 funda nombandela 23 weShedyuli 6 kuMgaqo-siseko weRiphabhliki yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996, ukuze luthintelwe futhi lungavunyelwa ucalucalulo olungenabulungisa kunye nokuphathwa gadalala; kukhuthazwe ukulingana kususwa ucalucalulo olungenabulungisa; zithintelwe futhi zingavunyelwa iintetho ezikhuthaza intiyo; nokunikezela kwimiba enxulumene noko.
UMzantsi Afrika ukwanemvumelwano ebophelelayo namazwe ngamazwe phantsi komnqophiso kunye nomthetho oqhelekileyo wamazwe ngamazwe olawula imiba yamalungelo abantu nokhuthaza ukulingana ukuthintela ucalucalulo olungenabulungisa. Phakathi kwezi mvumelwano, kukho ezo zikhankanywe kwiNgqungquthela Yokupheliswa Kweendlela Zonke Zocalulo lwabasetyhini kunye neNgqungquthela Yokupheliswa Kweendlela Zonke Zocalulo Ngokobuhlanga.
Iinkundla zokulingana namagosa azikhokelayo Icandelo. 16 lisusiwe ze endaweni yayo kwafakwa icandelo 1 loMthetho 52 ka- 2002.
Icandelo 31 lisusiwe ze endaweni yayo kwafakwa icandelo 3 loMthetho 52 ka- 2002.
lo Mthetho' uquka naluphi ulawulo olwenziwa ngokwemigqaliselo yalo Mthetho. Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 1: 1 Septemba 2000.
ukuhambisa kakuhle kokuthotyelwa ngakumbi kweemvumelwano ezibophelelayo zomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kuquka neemvumelwano ezibophelelayo ngokwemigqaliselo, phakathi kweminye, yeNgqungquthela yokuPheliswa kwazo zonke iiNdlela zoCalucalulo.
ingabula-zigcawu, iinjongo kunye nezikhokelo zalo Mthetho, ngokwenzenjalo kuphunyezwa umoya, ibango neenjongo zalo Mthetho.
umthetho ekungathelekiswa nawo wamazwe angaphandle.
Nawuphi umntu osebenzisa okanye otolika lo Mthetho kufuneka aqwalasele umxholo wempikiswano nenjongo yalo Mthetho. Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 3: 1 Septemba 2000.
uphuhliso lwezakhono ezikhethekileyo nengqiqo kubantu abasebenzisa lo Mthetho ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba usetyenziselwa ukulawula ngempumelelo.
ukubakho kwenkqubo yocalucalulo nokungalingani ngakumbi okunxulumene nobuhlanga, isini nokukhubazeka kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi ngenxa yocalucalulo olungenabulungisa lwangaphambili nolwangoku, nolwaziswa yinkqubo yokuba nezithanga, inkqubo yocalucalulo nokuphathwa ngamadoda; kunye nesidingo sokuthabatha amanyathelo kuyo yonke imigangatho ukuphelisa ucalucalulo nokungalingani okunje..
Lo Mthetho ubophelela uRhulumente kunye nabo bonke abantu.
Ukuba nayiphi impixano enxulumene nomba oxoxwe ngokwalo Mthetho iyavuka phakathi kwalo Mthetho kunye namagatya awo nawuphi umthetho, ngaphandle koMgaqo-siseko okanye uMthetho wePalamente owazisa ngokulungiswa kwalo Mthetho, amagatya alo mthetho ngawo aya kulawula.
Lo Mthetho awusebenzi nakuwuphi umntu okubhekiswa kuye nalapho uMthetho wokuLingana ngokweNgqesho, uMthetho ka-1998 (uMthetho 55 ka-1998), usebenza. Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 5: 1 Septemba 2000.
Akungebi nguRhulumente okanye nawuphi umntu ongacalucalula ngokungenabulungisa nawuphi umntu. Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 6: 1 Septemba 2000.
ukungavunyelwa ukuba ufikelele kumathuba, kuquka ukufikelela kwiinkonzo okanye amathuba okufumana iimvume zokufaka izicelo zokunikezela iinkonzo okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuthabatha amanyathelo okuzama ngokufanelekileyo ukunceda iimfuno zabantu abanjalo.
iinkqubo ezikhuthaza ukungalingani kokufikelela kumathuba kwabasetyhinii ngenxa yokwahlulwa komsebenzi ngokwesini.
ukoyisakala ukuphelisa imiqobo esikela imida ngokungenabulungisa okanye ethintela abantu abakhubazekileyo ukuba bonwabele amathuba alinganayo okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuthabatha amanyathelo okuzama ngokufanelekileyo ukuhlangabeza iimfuno zabantu.
ukukhuthaza okanye ukuphembelela intiyo.
Ngaphandle kokuwisa isigwebo kwangaphambili nakusiphi isisombululo soluntu phantsi kwalo Mthetho, inkundla, ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 21 (n) nalapho kufanelekileyo, ingadlulisela naliphi ityala elinento yokwenza nokupapasha, ukusasaza okanye ukunxibelelana ngentetho ephembelela intiyo njengoko kuchazwe kwicandelwana , kuMlawuli woTshutshiso loLuntu yena unikwe ulawulo lwezobulungisa kwizityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho ngokwemigqaliselo yomthetho wesiqhelo okanye yowiso-mthetho olunxulumene noko.
Akukho mntu makaphathe nawuphi umntu gadalala.
b makapapashe okanye abonise nasiphi isaziso-ntengiso okanye isaziso, esithatyathwa ngokwengqiqo okanye siqondwe njengesiyibonisa ngokucacileyo injongo yocalucalulo olungenabulungisa nakuwuphi umntu: Koxhomekeka ekubeni oko kubandakanya kunyaniseke kangakanani na kwisiphiwo sobugcisa, kuphando lwezemfundo nelobunzululwazi, nokunika ingxelo enobulungisa nechanekileyo ukufezekisa umdla woluntu okanye ukupapasha naluphi ulwazi, isaziso-ntengiso okanye isaziso ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 16 loMgaqo-siseko, akuvalelwanga leli candelo.
ummangalelwa makeze nobungqina, kubungqina obuziswe phambi kwenkundla, bokuba ucalucalulo alukhange lwenzeke ngale ndlela atyholwa ngayo; okanye ummangalelwa kufuneka eze nobungqina obubonisa ukuba isenzo eso asisekelwanga kwisizathu esingavunyelwanga esinye noba ngaphezulu.
ukuba enye nangaphezulu yeemeko ezimiselwe kumhlathi (b) wenkcazelo 'yezizathu ezingavunyelwanga' imisiwe; yaye ii ngaphandle kokuba ummangalelwa abonise ubungqina bokuba ucalucalulo olo lunobulungisa.
Ayilocalucalulo olungenabulungisa ukuthabatha amanyathelo acwangciselwe ukukhusela okanye ukuphuhlisa abantu okanye udidi lwabantu ababefudula bewavinjiwe amathuba ngenxa yocalucalulo olungenabulungisa okanye amalungu amaqela okanye iindidi ezinjalo zabantu.
kukhangelwe ukuba ucalucalulo lwenze umahluko ngokwengqiqo nangokobulungisa phakathi kwabantu ngokweenqobo ezimiselwe ngokungakhethi cala, esekelwe kwisenzo esibandakanyekayo.
ukulungisa iimpazamo ezithe zavela okanye ezinxulumene nesizathu esingavunyelwanga esinye nangaphezulu; okanye ii ukuvumela ukungafani.
Kumatyala entetho ephembelela intiyo nokuphatha gadalala icandelo 14 alingeni ndawo.
makarhoxe okanye achase nasiphi isaziso esiphantsi kwalo mhlathi: Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni naziphi izityholo ezisalindele ukuxoxwa phambi kwenkundla yokulingana nezingekaqukunjelwa ngelixa lopapasho lwesaziso kwiGazethi njengokuba kucamngcwe kulo mhlathi, kufuneka ziqukunjelwe yiloo nkundla, ngokunga isaziso esinje asikapapashwa; yaye Umhlathi. (c) endaweni yawo kufakwe icandelo 28 loMthetho 55 ka-2003.
d intloko yommandla wolawulo ocamngcwe kumhlathi c, ngokwecandelwana 2, mayityumbe ngokubhalwe phantsi nawuphi umantyi okanye umantyi owongezelelweyo njengegosa elongameleyo kwinkundla yokulingana.
Yijaji kuphela, umantyi okanye umantyi owongezelelweyo nosele esiphothule isifundo soqeqesho lokuba ligosa elongameleyo kwinkundla a phambi komhla wokuqaliswa kwecandelo 31; okanye njengokuba kucamgcwe kwicandelo 31 , kwaye abamagama abo aqukwe kuluhlu olucamngcwe kwicandelwana (a), bangatyunjwa ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelwana.
ithabathe onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukutyumba ubuncinane igosa elinye elongameleyo kwinkundla yokulingana nganye kwindawo elawula kuyo; yaye ngaphandle kokulibazisa, kwaziswe uMlawuli Jikelele weSebe layo nayiphi ijaji, umantyi okanye umantyi owongezelelweyo osele esiphothule isifundo soqeqesho njengokuba kucamngcwe kwicandelo 31 nesi- okanye otyunjwe ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelwana.
siphothule kade isifundo soqeqesho njengokuba sicamngcwe kwicandelo 31 nelesi- ; okanye otyunjwe njengegosa elongameleyo kwinkundla yokulingana ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelwana.
Igosa elongameleyo kufuneka lenze imisebenzi kunye neemfanelo zalo kunye nokusebenzisa amagunya eliwanikiweyo okanye athiwe jize kulo phantsi kwalo Mthetho okanye nakuwuphi umthetho. Icandelo 16 endaweni yayo kufakwe icandelo 1 loMthetho 52 ka-2002.
Oomabhalana beenkundla zokulingana a Ngokwecandelwana 2 kunye nemithetho elawula iinkonzo zoluntu, uMlawuli Jikelele weSebe, kwinkundla nganye yokulingana, anganyula okanye atyumbe igosa libe linye nangaphezulu kweli Sebe, okanye anganyula umntu omnye nangaphezulu ngendlela nangeemeko ezimiselweyo, njengoomabhalana benkundla yokulingana, nekulindeleke ukuba bancedise inkundla abayanyaniswe kuyo ukwenza le misebenzi yaye kufuneka benze umsebenzi njengoko unokumiselwa. Umhlathi. a endaweni yawo kufakwe icandelo 2 a loMthetho 52 ka-2002.
Ukuba umabhalana kwinkundla yokulingana akanako nangasiphi na isizathu ukwenza loo msebenzi okanye ukuba akukho mabhalana unyuliweyo okanye utyunjiweyo ukuba asebenze kwiinkundla zokulingana phantsi komhlathi (a) igosa elongameleyo elibandakanyekayo, ngaphandle kwecandelwana , lingatyumba naliphi igosa elinesakhono kweli Sebe ukuba lisebenze njengomabhalana ngexesha umabhalana okhankanyiweyo engekabinako ukusebenza okanye de kunyulwe okanye kutyunjwe umabhalana phantsi komhlathi (a), njengokuba imeko isitsho. Umhlathi.
a phambi komhla wokuqala kwecandelo 31; okanye njengokuba kucamngcwe kwicandelo 31 , nogama lakhe libandakanyiweyo kuluhlu olucamngcwe ngokwecandelwana , anganyulwa okanye atyunjwe njengomabhalana phantsi kwecandelwana (a). Icandelwana longezwe ngecandelo 2 (b) loMthetho 52 ka-2002.
sigqibile isifundo soqeqesho njengokucamngcwa kwaso kwicandelo 31 ; okanye etyunjiwe okanye enyuliwe njengomabhalana wenkundla yokulingana ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelwana (a). Icandelwana. longezwe ngecandelo 2 (b) loMthetho 52 ka-2002.
UMlawuli Jikelele anganikezela, ngokwemiqathango ayimiseleyo, ngokubhalwe phantsi nawaphi amagunya awanikiweyo ngokweli candelo ewanike igosa eliqeshwe liSebe, kodwa akanakuthatyathelwa nawaphi amagunya awanikezeleyo yaye angalungisa okanye abekele bucala nasiphi isigqibo somthunywa esenziwe ngelixa asebenzisa amagunyaanjengala. Icandelwana longezwe ngecandelo 29 loMthetho 52 ka-2003.
Ukuza enkundleni kwamangqina nokuhlawula umrhumo wamangqina kumatyala avela ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwalo Mthetho makumiselwe nguMphathiswa ngendlela emiselweyo.
ulawulo lwezobulungisa, ngokwecandelwana , kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku alikho elinye igatya esele lenziwe ngokwemimiselo ephantsi kwecandelo 30 lalo Mthetho.
Zonke iinkqubo zenkundla mazenzelwe kwinkundla evulelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba le nkundla iyalele ngolunye uhlobo ibeka ulawulo lobulungisa kuqala.
a Ngokuxhomekeka kumhlathi b, akukho nto ikulo Mthetho eshiya ngaphandle ukuhlangana kwenkundla zoomantyi njengenkundla yokulingana ekunikeni umyalelo ocamngcwe kwicandelo 21 2, ongaphezulu kolawulo lwemali yenkundla yeemantyi, nalapho umyalelo kufuneka ufakwe ngendlela emisiweyo kwiJaji yeNkundla ePhakamileyo yona inegunya lokuqinisekisa.
ukusebenza komhlathi (a), onxulumene nokuqinisekiswa komyalelo, kusamisiwe de nasiphi isibheno esicamngcwe kwicandelo 23 sibe sesigukunjelwe.
yiKhomishini yoMzantsi Afrika Yamalungelo oLuntu okanye iKhomishini Yokulingana Ngokwesini.
Umntu onqwenela ukungenisa ityala ngokwemigqaliselo okanye phantsi kwalo Mthetho kufuneka, ngendlela emisiweyo, amazise umabhalana wenkundla yokulingana ngomnqweno wakhe wokwenza njalo.
a Umabhalana wenkundla yokulingana kufuneka, ngelo xesha limisiweyo emva kokufumana isaziso, adlulisele umbandela kwigosa elongameleyo lenkundla yokulingana echaphazelekayo, yona kufuneka, kwangeli xesha limisiweyo, inike isigqibo sokuba lo mbandela ungaxoxwa kwinkundla yokulingana okanye udluliselwe kwelinye iziko, isigqeba, inkundla, ibhodi okanye enye intlangano efanelekileyo (emva koku kuza kubhekiswa kuyo njengentlangano (forum) eyenye) yona iya kuthi, ngokoluvo lwegosa elongameleyo, iwusingathe ngokufanelekileyo umbandela ngokwemigqaliselo yamagunya nemisebenzi yaloo ntlangano iyenye.
Ukuba igosa elongameleyo ligqiba ekubeni lo mbandela ufanele ukuxoxwa kwinkundla yokulingana, igosa efanelekileyo kufuneka lidlulisele umbandela kumabhalana wenkundla yokulingana yena kufanele ngeli xesha limisiweyo lolu dluliselo anike umhla wokuxoxwa kwalo mbandela.
izimvo zokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwayo nayiphi intlangano eyenye.
a Ukuba igosa elongameleyo ligqiba kwelokuba lo mbandela udluliselwe kwinkundla eyenye kufuneka, ngendlela emisiweyo, linike umyalelo, oyalela umabhalana wenkundla yokulingana ukuba adlulisela lo mbandela kwintlangano eyenye ekhankanywe kumyalelo.
Xa kusenziwa umyalelo ocamngcwe kumhlathi (a), igosa elongameleyo lingancamathisela kulo myalelo naziphi izimvo elizibona njengezifunekayo ukuze ziqwalaselwe yinkundla eyenye.
Ukufunyanwa kwalo myalelo ekubhekiswa kuwo kwicandelwana , umabhalana wenkundla yokulingana makadlulise umbandela lowo kwaye azise abachaphazelekayo kulo mbandela ngokudluliswa kwawo ngendlela emisiweyo.
Ukufunyanwa kwalo myalelo udluliselwe kuyo, intlangano eyenye kufuneka iwuqwalasele ngokufanelekileyo ngokwemigqaliselo yamagunya nemisebenzi yayo.
ayiphumeleli ukuqwalasela lo mbandela ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwiimeko ezinje: okanye alinako ukuwusombulula ngokwanelisayo kwelinye icala okanye kuwo omabini amacala achaphazelekayo yaye elinye icala okanye omabini amacala achaphazelekayo acela njalo, inkundla eyenye, ngokwendlela ebekiweyo, iza kuwubuyisela kwinkundla yokulingana eyawudlulisayo, ukuba inike isigwebo, kwisithuba sexesha elimisiweyo ukusuka kumhla elabuyiselwa ngalo kwinkundla yokulingana.
UMbuso kunye namaziko omgaqo-siseko, ngokufanelekileyo kangangoko anako, makancede nawuphi umntu onqwenela ukufaka ityala ngokwemigqaliselo ephantsi kwalo Mthetho, phakathi kweminye, ngokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu udluliselwa kwicala elifanelekileyo ukuze lithathe inyathelo elifanelekileyo ukusombulula umbandela ophethweyo.
Inkundla yokulingana phambi kokuthabatha ityala elingenisiweyo ngokwemigqaliselo ephantsi kwalo Mthetho maliqhube uphando ngokwendlela emisiweyo ukufumanisa ukuba ucalucalulo olungenabulungisa, intetho ephembelela intiyo okanye ukuphatha gadalala, njengoko kunganjalo, kwenzekile ngokwenene, njengokuba kutyholwa.
Umyalelo omiswe yinkundla yokulingana ngokwemigqaliselo okanye phantsi kwalo Mthetho unako ukuchaphazela umyalelo wenkundla ekhankanyiweyo onikezelwe ngesenzo sembambano, apho kufanelekileyo.
o umyalelo ofanelekileyo weendleko obhekisa nakuliphi iqela ngenxa yetyal p umyalelo wokuthobela naliphi igatya lalo Mthetho.
nomgaqo-siseko okanye iqumrhu elifanelekileyo ukuze kujongwanwe nolamlo, uxolelwaniso nothethathethwano.
Le nkundla inawo onke amagunya ongezelelweyo afanelekileyo okanye angabalulekanga kwimisebenzi nasekusebenziseni amagunya ayo kuquka igunya lokunika imiyalelo yokuthatha inxaxheba kwingxoxo okanye izithintelo.
Nakuwaphi amatyala ngokwemigqaliselo okanye ngaphantsi kwalo Mthetho, inkundla, ngokucelwa naleliphi icala, okanye ngokuthanda kwayo ukuba igosa elongameleyo libona oko kukwilungelo lobulungisa, lingabiza umntu omnye nokuba babini abafanelekileyo yaye befumaneka nabazimiseleyo ukuhlala basebenze njengabancedisi-jaji.
Abancedisi-jaji banyulwa ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelwana ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana , bathatyathwa njengamalungu enkundla ukufeza iinjongo zalo Mthetho.
Nawuphi umbandela womthetho ovelayo ofuna kuthathwe isigqibo ngetyala elo liphethweyo kunye nawuphi umbuzo ofumanisa ukuba umbandela ofuna isigqibo ngumbandela oyinyaniso okanye umbandela odinga isigqibo somthetho masinikwe ligosa elongameleyo ngokwendlela emisiweyo.
Kuyo yonke imibandela eyinyaniso okufunyanisiweyo okanye isigqibo sesininzi samalungu enkundla kuko okufunyanisiweyo okanye siso isigqibo senkundla, ze apho kukho umncedisi-jaji omnye, okufunyanisiweyo okanye isigqibo senkundla kube siso esisebenzayo.
lingayalela ukuba ityala liqalwe ngokutsha; okanye iii ukuba umncedisi-jaji akakho, lingalihlehlisa ityala de abe uza kubakho umncedisi-jaji.
Igosa elongameleyo malinike izizathu ngawo nawuphi umyalelo ekubhekiswa kuwo kumhlathana (i) okanye (ii).
ukuba loo mmangalelwa akancediswa ngummeli womthetho; yaye ii ukuba igosa elongameleyo linoluvo lokuba abancedisi-jaji abandakanyekayo bafumanise okungachanekanga.
Umabhalana wenkundla yokulingana kufuneka kwakamsinyane kangangoko anako, angenise ezo zizathu kunye nerekhodi kwinkundla yezibheno ebandakanyekayo ukuba inike ezayo izimvo ngendlela emisiweyo.
Inkundla yezibheno inegunya lokuqinisekisa oko kufunyanisiweyo okanye yenze nawuphi umyalelo ofanelekileyo ngoko kufunyanisiweyo ukuba ngokwezimvo zenkundla yezibheno bekufanele ukwenziwa kwiimeko ezinjalo.
Nawuphi umntu okhathazwe nanguwuphu umyalelo wenkundla yokulingana ngokwemigqaliselo okanye phantsi kwalo Mthetho, kwangeli xesha nangendlela emisiweyo, angafaka isibheno esiphikisana nalo myalelo kwiNkundla ePhezulu yona inegunya okanye kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, njengokuba kunokwenzeka.
Kwisibheno, iNkundla ePhezulu okanye iNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, njengoko kunokwenzeka, ingenza umyalelo onje ukuba ikubona kufanelekile.
Nangona kwicandelwana , nawuphi umntu okhathazwe nanguwuphi umyalelo owenziwe yinkundla yokulingana, phantsi komqathango wemimiselo yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko, angafaka isibheno ngokungqalileyo kwinkundla yoMgaqo-siseko.
Kwimeko apho kwenziwe izigqibo ezichaseneyo ngamagosa ongameleyo ngomba phantsi komqathango womhlathi (b) wengcaciso-magama 'yezizathu ezingavunyelwanga', uMphathiswa angadlulisela ityala elinje kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno okanye kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ukuba zimiselwe.
a Ukuba igosa elongameleyo kwinkundla kamantyi linika limisela ngokunxulumene nento olusekelwe kuyo ucalucalulo ekubhekiswa kulo kumhlathi b wengcaciso-magama 'yezizathu ezingavunyelwanga', isigqibo kufuneka, emva kokuqukunjelwa kwetyala nangendlela emisiweyo, singeniswe kwiNkundla ePhezulu enegunya lokuliqwalasela kwakhona.
INkundla ePhezulu kufuneka, emva kokuqwalasela ityala, yenze ummiselo ngokwesizathu ekubhekiswa kuso kwicandelwana (a) ze emva koko inike nawuphi umyalelo ngokwemigqaliselo yalo Mthetho ukuba ikubona kufanelekile.
Ukusebenza kwecandelwana (a) kusamisiwe de nasiphi isibheno esicamngcwe kweli candelo sibe sesiqukunjelwe.
UMbuso unomsebenzi noxanduva lokukhuthaza nokuphumeza ukulingana.
Bonke abantu banomsebenzi noxanduva lokukhuthaza ukulingana. Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 24: uza kwaziswa.
IKhomishini yoMzantsi Afrika yamaLungelo Abantu kunye namanye amaziko anxulumene noMgaqo-siseko, ukongeza nakuyiphi imvumelwano ebophelelayo, ngokwemigqaliselo yoMgaqo-siseko okanye nawuphi umthetho, ingacela nayiphi inxalenye engaphantsi kwengcacio-magama yoMbuso okanye nawuphi umntu ukuba anike ulwazi nangawaphi amanyathelo anxulumene nokuphumeza ukulingana kuqukwa, apho kufanelekileyo, ngokowiso-mthetho nokusetyenziswa nokuthotyelwa kowiso-mthetho, iindlela zokwenza izinto neenkqubo.
ukucela kwiSebe, ngendlela emisiweyo, iingxelo zarhoqo ngokubhekiselele kumanani amatyala kunye nobunjani neziphumo zawo.
ngokuphelisa naluphi uhlobo localucalulo olungenabulungisa okanye ukuqhuba kusetyenziswa ukungalingani nakuwuphi na umthetho, umgaqo-nkqubo okanye isenzo kwiindawo abaphethe kuzo aBaphathiswa; kunye nokulungisa nokuphumeza izicwangciso zokulingana ngendlela emiselweyo, omxholo wazo mawuquke ixesha elisikiweyo lokuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso ezinjalo, ezimiselwe ngokubonisana noMphathiswa weZezimali.
a Izicwangciso zokulingana, ingekapheli iminyaka emibini emva kokuqaliswa kwalo Mthetho, mazingeniswe kwiKhomishini yoMzantsi Afrika yamaLungelo aBantu ukuze ziqwalaselwe ngendlela emisiweyo.
IKhomishini yoMzantsi Afrika yamaLungelo aBantu mayicebonisane neKhomishini Yokulingana ngokweSini xa kuqwalaselwa izicwangciso ezicamngcwe kumhlathi (a). Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo. 25: uza kwaziswa.
ngokuphumeza nokubeka esweni ukunikwa inkxaso kwezicwangciso zokulingana, iikhowudi neendlela zokumisa kakuhle ezakhiwe ngabo; kunye nokwenza iingxelo rhoqo eziya kwiziphathamandla ezibeke esweni okanye kumaziko akwanjalo njengoko kunikiwe kwimimiselo, apho kufanelekileyo. Umhla wokuqaliswa kwecandelo. 26: uza kwaziswa.
Ukulandela icandelo 26, bonke abantu, imibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente, imibutho yasekuhlaleni kunye namaziko enkcubeko kufuneka bakhuthaze ukulingana kubudlelwane babo nezinye izigqeba nakwimisebenzi yabo noluntu.
UMphathiswa kufuneka aphuhlise imimiselo enxulumene nalo Mthetho kwaye abanye aBaphathiswa bangaphuhlisa imimiselo enxulumene neminye iMithetho efuna iinkampani, amafelandawonye, ubuhlakani, imibutho, imibutho yezemidlalo, izigqeba nemibutho yoshishino, apho kufanelekileyo, ngokobukhulu bazo, ubutyebi nefuthe, ukulungisa izicwangciso zokulingana okanye ukuthobela iindlela zokwenza izinto ezimiselweyo okanye banike ingxelo kwisigqeba okanye kwiziko ngeendlela zokukhuthaza ukulingana. Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo. 27: uza kwaziswa.
Ukuba kufunyaniswe ekutshutshiseni nolwaluphi ulwaphulo-mthetho ukuba ucalucalulo olungenabulungisa ngokobuhlanga, isini okanye ukukhubazeka ludlale indima ekwaphulweni komthetho, oku makuthatyathwe njengesenzo esingunobangela xa kukhutshwa isigwebo.
amkele izicwangciso ezisebenzayo ukukhuthaza nokuphumeza ukulingana ngokobuhlanga, isini nokukhubazeka, kunye iv nokubeka phambili ukupheliswa kocalucalulo olungenabulungisa nokukhuthaza ukulingana ngokobuhlanga, isini nokukhubazeka.
UMbuso, apho kufanelekileyo, mawuqinisekise ukuba amanyathelo owiso-mthetho namanye ayathatyathwa ukuqwalasela okwenzekayo ekubhekiswa kuko kwicandelwana . Umhla wokuqaliswa kwecandelwana. : uza kwaziswa.
UMphathiswa, ngokucetyiswa yiKomiti ePhonononga ukuLingana, ngokuqhubekayo, uvavanya unxulumano lokwenzekayo okuqulethwe kwiShedyuli ngenjongo zokwandisa, ukuguqula, ukutshintshatshintsha okanye ukulungisa uluhlu lokwenzeka kule Shedyuli. Umhla wokuqaliswa kwecandelwana. : 1 Septemba 2000.
Le Shedyuli kujongwe ukuba inike uluhlu olubonisa izenzo ezicalucalula okanye ezingacalucalula ngokungenabulungisa ukuze a iqwalasele kwaye iphelise ezi zenzo; kwaye incedise abantu ekutolikeni amava abo kunye nokwenzekayo Umhla wokuqaliswa kwecandelwana. : 1 Septemba 2000.
Uluhlu olubonisa izenzo kwiShedyuli akukuphela kwalo omaluqwalaselwe luhlaziywe rhoqo yiKomiti ePhonononga ukuLingana Umhla wokuqaliswa kwecandelwana. 5: 1 Septemba 2000.
nawuphi umbandela ofanelekileyo ukuba ungamiselwa ukuphumeza iinjongo zalo Mthetho.
Nawuphi ummiselo owenziwe phantsi kweli candelo nongakhokelela kwinkcitho yoMbuso kufuneka wenziwe ngokucebisana noMphathiswa weZezimali.
Ummiselo owenziwe phantsi kweli candelo ungabalula ukuba nawuphi umntu ochasa eli gatya okanye ongaphumeleli ukulithobela afunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho yaye ukuba ufunyanwa enetyala uza kuhlawuliswa okanye avalelwe entolongweni iinyanga ezingadluli kwezili-12.
a nawuphi ummiselo owenziwe phantsi kweli candelo kufuneka uthiwe thaca phambi kwePalamente iintsuku ezingama-30 phambi kokupapashwa kwiGazethi, ukuba iPalamente isekwiseshoni.
Ukuba iPalamente ayikho kwiseshoni njengokuba kucamngcwe kumhlathi (a), le mimiselo mayingeniswe kuSomlomo wePalamente, kwiintsuku ezingama-30 phambi kokupapashwa kwiGazethi.
Imimiselo eyenziwe ngokwemigqaliselo yeli candelo, ngakumbi icandelo (a) elinxulumene nenkqubo yophando, kufuneka, kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwalo Mthetho kulula, kunobulungisa yaye kuyafikeleleka.
Ngaphandle kwecandelo 16 akukho matyala angangeniswa nakuyiphi inkundla ngaphandle kokuba igosa elongameleyo kunye nomabhalana omnye nangaphezulu bayafumaneka.
UMphathiswa kufuneka enze uMthetho ufumaneke ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ngendlela emisiweyo ingekapheli iminyaka emibini emva kokuqaliswa kwalo Mthetho.
UMlawuli Jikelele weSebe kufuneka athathe onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo ngokwemithombo yobutyebi efumanekayo kwiSebe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umabhalana uyafumaneka kwinkundla nganye yeRiphabhliki.
nezithethe ezifanayo, imigangatho kunye neenkqubo emaziqatshelwe ngamagosa ongameleyo ekwenzeni imisebenzi neemfanelo zawo nasekusebenziseni amagunya awo.
Intloko yezoBulungisa, ngokucebisana neKhomishini yeNkonzo yoHlaziyo, iKhomishini yooMantyi kunye noMphathiswa, baphumeze izifundo zoqeqesho ezicamngcwe kwicandelwana.
uqeqesho oluphathelele kwintlalo koomabhalana; kunye nezithethe ezifanayo, imigangatho kunye neenkqubo emaziqatshelwe ngoomabhalana xa besenza imisebenzi neemfanelo zabo.
UMphathiswa kufuneka angenise ingxelo kwiPalamente, njengoko kumiselwe, enxulumene nomxholo kunye nokuphunyezwa kwezifundo zoqeqesho ekubhekiswa kuzo kwicandelwana no- . Icandelo. 31 endaweni yalo kufakwe icandelo 3 loMthetho 52 ka-2002.
g ilungu leBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo. Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo. 32: 1 Septemba 2000.
inamanye amagunya nemisebenzi njengoko kumiselwe.
IKomiti yoPhononongo lokuLingana ingaqhuba umsebenzi wayo kunye namatyala kwiintlanganiso zayo xa ibona kufanelekile.
Amalungu eKomiti yoPhononongo lokuLingana ekubhekiswa kuwo kwicandelo 32 a, d no-e anyulelwe ixesha eliyiminyaka emihlanu yaye asenokonyulwa ngokutsha ekupheleni kwexesha le-ofisi.
Eminye imigqaliselo neemeko zokonyulwa kwamalungu eKomiti yoPhononongo lokuLingana inje ngokuba imiselwe.
Umsebenzi wolawulo owayamene nokwenziwa komsebenzi weKomiti yoPhononongo lokuLingana kufanele wenziwe ngamagosa atyunjwe nguMlawuli Jikelele weSebe.
Amalungu eKomiti yoPhononongo lokuLingana anelungelo lokufumana imivuzo, izibonelelo namanye amaqithiqithi njengokuba enokumiswa nguMphathiswa ngokucebisana noMphathiswa wezeMali. Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo. 33: 1 Septemba 2000.
IKomiti yoPhononongo lokuLingana, kufuneka kanye ngonyaka, iphande ze inike iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo kuMphathiswa. Umhla wokuqaliswa kwecandelwana : 1 Septemba 2000.
ethintela ummangali ukuba afake isimangalo nangaziphi izizathu kwinkundla yomthetho; (c) ethintela inkundla ekumiseleni ukuba ngokwemigqaliselo yomhlathi (b)ezingavunyelwanga' okanye ziqukiwe nangaphezulu ezidweliswe kumhlathi ezingavunyelwanga'.
Lo Mthetho ubizwa ngokuba nguMthetho wokuKhuthaza ukuLingana nokuThintela uCalucalulo Olungenabulungisa, uMthetho 4 ka-2000 , yaye uza kuqala ukusebenza ngomhla obekwa nguMongameli ngokuwazisa kwiGazethi.
Kunganikwa imihla eyahlukahlukeneyo ngokobhekiselele kumagatya ahlukahlukeneyo alo Mthetho.
Ukwakha imiqobo kazenzele ukulinganisa ukufikelela kumathuba engqesho ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezithile zokugaya nokukhetha.
Ukusebenzisa umthombo woluntu, uphuhliso, ukhuthazo nezenzo zokuqesha okucalucalula ngokungenabulungisa abantu abavela kumaqela achazwe apha phantsi kwezizathu ezingavunyelwanga.
Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlonipha umthetho-siseko wokuhlawula ngokulinganayo ngomsebenzi ofanayo.
Ukuqhubeka ukuhlawula imivuzo engalinganiyo eyayimiswe ngendlela yocalucalulo olungenabulungisa lwangaphambili.
Ukushiywa ngaphandle ngokungenabulungisa kwabafundi kumaziko emfundo, kuquka nabafundi abanezidingo ezizodwa.
Ukubamba ngokungenabulungisa iimali zokufunda, iibhasari okanye naluphi uhlobo lokuncedisa kubafundi bamaqela athile nachazwa phantsi kwezizathu ezingavunyelwanga.
Ukoyisakala ukwamkela ngokufanelekileyo nangokunokwenzeka ukungafani kwabantu emfundweni.
Ukufaka abantu kumayeza asalingwayo ngaphandle kwemvume yabo.
Ukwalela okanye ukungavumeli nawuphi umntu ngokungenabulungisa ukufikelela kumaziko empilo okanye ukungaphumeleli ukwenza ukuba amaziko empilo afikeleleke nakuwuphi umntu.
Ukungavumi ukunikezela unyango olungxamisekileyo kubantu beqela elithile elichazwa phantsi kwezizathu ezingavunyelwanga.
Ukungavumi ukunikezela iinkonzo zonyango ezifanelekileyo kwabalupheleyo.
Ukukhutshwa kwabantu ezindlwini ngogonyamelo kusetyenziswa izizathu ezingavunyelwanga.
Ukusika umgca obomvu' ngokobuhlanga nobume bentlalo.
Ucalucalulo olungenabulungisa ekunikeni imali yokuthenga indlu, imali-mboleko okanye inkxaso yezimali ngokobuhlanga, isini nezinye izizathu ezingavunyelwanga.
Ukungaphumeleli ukunika ingqalelo kwiimfuno ezizodwa zabantu abalupheleyo.
Ukwalela ngokungenabulungisa ngesizathu esingavunyelwanga esinye nangaphezulu ukunikezela okanye ukwenza ifumaneke nakuwuphi umntu ipolisi ye-inshorensi.
Ukungavumeli ngokungenabulungisa umntu okanye abantu kuqukwa nokwala ngokungenabulungisa ukunika iinkonzo kubantu ngenxa yobume babo be-HIV/AIDS.
Ukushiya phandle ngokungenabulungisa nawuphi umntu kubulungu bengxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi okanye ekufumaneni naziphi izibonelelo ezivela kule ngxowa-mali usebenzisa isizathu esingavunyelwanga esinye nangaphezulu.
Ukumisa ngendlela yocalucalulo olungenabulungisa ukuba ngoobani na abanganikwa izimemo zokuba ngamahlakani kubuhlakani okubhekiswa kubo.
Ukubeka ngokungenabulungisa imigqaliselo okanye iimeko zocalucalulo abekwa phantsi kwazo umntu omenyiweyo okanye ovunyiweyo ukuba angaba lihlakani.
Ukubeka iimeko ezisika umda okanye ezingavumeli ngokungenabulungisa ukungena ekubeni yingcali ngokufunda kwabantu ababekade bevinjwe amathuba.
Ukubeka umda okanye ungavumeli ngokungenabulungisa amalungu ukuba afikelele kwizibonelelo okanye kuncedo ngokusekelwe kwisizathu esingavunyelwanga.
Ukwala ngokungenabulungisa okanye ukungaphumeleli ukunikezela ngempahla neenkonzo okanye ngoncedo nakuwuphi umntu okanye iqela labantu ngezizathu ezingavunyelwanga esinye nangaphezulu.
Ukubeka imigqaliselo, iimeko okanye izenzo ezikhuthaza iziphumo zocalucalulo olungenabulungisa lwangaphambili okanye ukukhutshwa ngaphandle ngokunxulumene nokufikelela kubutyebi bezimali.
Ukusika umda ngokungenabulungisa kumathuba okunikwa iikontraka zokunikezela impahla neenkonzo.
Ukwala ngokungenabulungisa ukuqwalasela isicelo somntu sobulungu bombutho okanye bequmrhu nangaziphi izizathu esingavunyelwanga.
Ukwala ngokungenabulungisa ukuba ilungu lifikelele okanye ukusika umda ekubeni ilungu lifikelele nakusiphi isibonelelo esinikezelwa ngumbutho okanye liqumrhu.
Ukungaphumeleli ukukhuthaza ukungafani xa kukhethwa abamele iqela.
<fn>2004 scc_xhosa.txt</fn>
Faka elakho ityala !
Ngubani onokufaka ityala?
Nabanina ngaphandle kwabaqondisi bomthetho njengenkampani, amaqumrhu okanye imibutho yabo.
Yeyiphi imiba engamanyelwayo yilenkundla yama tyala?
Amatyala amalunga nokunikezelwa kwamalungelo.
Amatyala okubanjwa ngokungekho mthethweni, okufakwa entolongweni ngokungekho mthethweni, okungcoliswa kwegama lakho, intshutshiso embi, ukuhenda nokuphula izithembiso zomtshato.
Amatyala okuphelisa umtshato.
Amatyala okuqinisekisa ubunyani bomyolelo.
Amatyala amalunga nobume bomntu ekujongeni isimo sakhe sengqondo.
Amatyala apho isenzo esithile siyafuneka kube kungekho tyala lentlawulo yomonzakalo, ngaphandle kweemeko apho kunikwa ingxelo yetyala okanye ukunikezelwa kwempahla ehambayo okanye engenakuhamba engadluliyo ngexabiso kwiR7 000.
Ingaba unyanzelekile ufake ityala kwinkundla yama tyala amancinci?
Hayi, ungakhetha ukuba ufuna ukulifaka ityala lakho kwinkundla yamatyala amancinci okanye nakweyiphina inkundla yamatyala.
Ummeli kwezomthetho kwakunye noncedo ekufakeni ityala lakho.
Abacebisi kwezomthetho kwakunye noonobhala benkundla encinci yamatyala bangakunceda fele-fele.
Naluphina ulwimi olusemthethweni eMzantsi Afrika lungasety enziswa enkundleni.
Amalungiselelo etoliki kufuneka enziwe kwangethuba nonobhala wenkundla ukuba ubungqina buzakukhutshwa ngolwimi omnye angalaziyo okanye angalichani kakuhle.
Ulifaka njani ityala?
Thetha nalowo ummangalelayo ngobuqu, okanye ngomnxeba okanye ngokubhala, umcele azalisekise ityala lakho.
Ukuba ummangalelwa akasithobeli isicelo sakho, mbhalele uxele izizathu zetyala, nemali ekufuneka eyihlawule umchazele azalisekise ityala lakho kwiintsuku nje eziyi-14 eyifumene imbhalelwano yakho.
Nika ummangalelwa imbhalelwano ngesandla okanye uyithumele ngeposi.
Umqulu obhekiselelwe kulo ityala okanye ubungqina.
Iinkcukacha zommangalelwa igama lakhe, idilesi - eyasendlini nasemsebenzini - kwakunye neenombholo zakhe zomnxeba.
Yintoni umsebenzi kanobhala wenkundla?
Unobhala kwakunye nabacebisi bakhe kwezomthetho bazakuyifunda imiqulu yakho kwaye bakuncedise nasekuqulunqeni iisamani.
Uyakuthi akuxelele ngomhla nexesha wokumamela ityala.
Wenza ntoni ke?
Phambi kokuba kumanyelwe ityala qiniseka ukuba bukhona ubungqina beSherrif obuchazayo ummangalelwa wazifumana iisamani.
Gcina amaxwebhu, imiqulu nobungqina obubhekiselelwe kweli ityala esandleni.
Xelela amangqina akho ngomhla nexesha elizakumanyelwa ngalo ityala kwaye wenze amalungiselelo wokuba ba.ke ngethuba enkundleni.
Usenokuthumela imbhalelwano yakhe, apho azithethelela khona, kunobhala wenkundla kwaye athumele nekopi yoko kummangali.
Yintoni onokuyenza ukuba ummangalelwa usiza lisekisile isimangali sakho?
Yintoni onokuyenza ngomhla wokumanyelwa kwetyala?
Kufuneka ubekho enkundleni.
Qiniseka akho onke amangqina akho.
Qiniseka unabo ubungqina obuchazayo iisamani zathuny elwa kummangalelwa.
Imigaqo yasenkundleni ilula kakhulu.
Akho gqwetha okanye gqwetha lejaji liyakukumela.
Umlawuli wenkundla uzakukuyalela uchaze isimangalo sakho. Beka amanqaku avakalayo.
Phendula imibuzo yomlawuli wenkundla kwaye unike ubungqina.
Wena nommangalelwa aniyikuvunyelwa nibuzane imibuzo.
Ngumlawuli-nkundla oyakukuvumela ubuze ummangalelwa.
Akho sibheno sinokufakwa kwisigwebo esiwiswe yinkundla.
nkundla, ukuhamba kakubi kwenkqubo zenkundla.
Zama ukuhlawula zonke iindleko zenkundla.
Apho ummangalelwa angakwaziyo ukuhlawula iindleko zesigwebo, inkundla iyakuphanda ngemeko yakhe yezemali nokuba uyakukwazi na ukusihlawula isigwebo neendleko kwaye ibone uhlobo amakahlawule ngayo.
Ukuba ummangalelwa akakwazi kuhlawula indleko zesigwebo okanye imiyalelo yenkundla yamatyala amancinci kwaye ufuna isigwebo senziwe, lo mcimbi usiwa kwinkundla kamantyi, njen-goko oko kuchazwe kwiMithetho yeNkundla kaMantyi ka 1944 (Act 32 of 1944). Kubalulekile ufumane uncedo lwezomthetho ngalenkqubo.
Eli phetshana likuchazela ngamanyathelo abalulekileyo athi athatyathwe xa kufakwa ityala kwinkundla yamatyala amancinci.
Ukuba ufuna uncedo ngalomba, idilesi neenombholo zomnxeba zikanobhala wenkundla yamatyala amancinci ungaqhagamshelana ne-o.si kamantyi ekufutshane nawe.
<fn>2008 DV isiXhosa brochure.txt</fn>
Kwenzekani ukuba uMyalelo woKhuselo wophuliwe?
Ukuba uMmangalelwa wophule uMyalelo woKhuselo ngokuphinda akuphathe gadalala ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokukuthuka ngendlela echazwe ekuqaleni kule ncwadana, unokufaka isimangalo kwisikhululo samapolisa uze ufake isiQinisekise SokuBamba emapoliseni aza kuthi wona abambe uMmangalelwa lowo. Esi sigqibo sokwenza uMyalelo weNkundla wokuBamba emva kokwaphulauMthethosesakhongokupheleleyo. Esakubeebanjiwe, uMmangalelwa uza kujongana nezimangalo zolwaphulo mthethoazeaxoxiswekwiNkundlayoLwaphulo-mThetho ngokwaphula uMyalelo woKhuselo.
Ndingawubekela bucala uMyalelo?
Unako, nangaliphinaixesha, ukwenzaisicelosokubauMyaleloubekelwebucala. Nangona kunjalo, kungenogrigo kaMantyi ukuba awubekele ecaleni okanye angawubekeli caleni uMyalelo. Oku kuya kuthetha ukuba uMyalelo woKhuselo uphuthile.
UMthetho wobuNdlobongela baseKhaya ongunombolo 116 ka-1998 uvumela ukuba ixhoba lodlakathiso ekhaya okanye ubugebenga ukuba lifune uMyalelo woKhuselo kwiNkundla kaMantyi ngomntu avenza; imphatho gadalala. Injongo yale Ncwadana ku-kuxhobisa ixhoba ngolwazi elilufunayo ukuza nesicelo soMyalelo weNkundla woKhuselo ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho wobuNdlobongela baseKhaya. Amadoda naqwonye nabasetyhini banganetyala, yaye babe ngamaxhoba obuNdlobongela baseKhaya. Ngeenjongo zale Ncwadana nangona kunjalo, siveze ubundlobongela obenziwa nan-jengoko oku kuqhelekile ukwenzeka.
Umba unokudluliselwa komnye umhla weNkundla ukuze uxoxwe. UMabhalana weN-kundla uza kukunceda okanye akudlulisele kumntu oza kukunceda ekuqulunqeni im-pendulo.
Ngomhla wokumanyelwa kwetyala uMantyi uza kuzama ukwenza isigqibo isekwe kwi-iNgxelo eziFungelweyo ezenziwe ngamacala omabini. UMantyi unokubuza omnye wenu okanye nobabini ngengcaciso yemiba ethile. UMantyi unokugqiba ekubeni awuqinisekise uMyalelo, qwubeke bucala uMyalelo, okanye ayalele ukuba ubungqina bomlomo bumanyelwe.
Ukuba uMantyi wanelisekile ukuba iNgxelo eFungelweyo ebhalwe ngum-faki sicelo iqinisekisa ngokucacileyo ukuba impatho gadalala lwenzekile, uMantyi uza kuqinisekisa uMyalelo woKhuselo.
Ukuba uMantyi akakwazi ukwenza isigqibo kumamelo ngenxa yembambano yemiba kwingxelo yelakho icala kunye neloMmangalelwa oko kutsho ukuba kukho imbambano kulwazi olunikwe ngamacala omabini, uMantyi uya kuwumisa umba ewamisela ukuba uxoxwe njengeTyala. Etyaleni, amacala amabini aza kucelwa ukuba anike ubungqina phantsi kwesifungo aze agocagocwe lelinye icala. Omabini amacala aza kuvumeleka ukubiza amangqina kwanokunika nabuphi na ubungqina obubobunye obuza kungqing ityala labo, umzekelo, iziqinisekiso zonyango, iirekhodi zasesibhedlele, iifoto, amaxwebhu njl njl.
Khumbula ukuba ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho, amaPolisa kufuneka akuncedise nangayiphi na indlela ebekiweyo kuMyalelo weNkundla, umze-kelo ngokuqokelela izinto zakho, ixwebhu leSAZI-SIsakho, iincwadi zabantwana okanye iimpahla, njl njl. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba iPolisa aliloncedo yaye liyala ukunceda ngokunxulumene noMy-alelo, oku ungakuxela kwiCandelo eliziMeleyo leziKhalazo.
Ingaba uMmangalelwa uza kubanjwa ngoMyalelo woKhuselo?
UMmangalelwa akazukubanjwa ngokufumana uMyalelo woKhuselo. Kuphela kukulwaphulo lwemiba yomyalelo apho uMmangalelwa anokubanjwa.
Kukuthini ukuDela iNkundla?
Okykuxa uMmangalelwa ewaphule uMyalelo, engaphumelelanga ukuya eNkundleni yoLwaphulo-mthetho ukuya ukuphendula amatyala abekwe wona.
Ndenza ntoni ngobuNgqina beNkonzo?
ukuphathwa gadalala ukungcungcuthek ngokwasemzimbeni iswa ukuchwechwela ukuphathwa gadalala okanyeukufikelela ngokwesondo endlwiningaphandle kwemvume, apho ungahlali khona ukumosha isakhiwo ukuthuka okanye ezinye izinto ezizezomntu nasiphi na isimo esis esinyeesilawulayo la ngokoqoqosho ukuphathwa gadala okanyeesiphatha gadalala kuwe apho eso simo sin-jalo sithi sidale ingozi okanye sinokwenza ingozi ekufuphi kukhuseleko, kwimpilo okanye isoyikiso kulonwabolwakho okanye losaphol-wakho.
Kufuneka ndenze ntoni?
Ukuba uva ukuba ulixhoba lalo naluphi na uhlobo lobundlo-bongela zibekiwe apha ngentla, yiya kwiNkundla kaMantyi vasekuhlaleni uze ucele uncedo ekwenzeni isicelo soMyalelo woKhuselo. UMabhalana weNkundla uza kukuncedisa ekugc-waliseni iifomu ezifunekayo aze akuse kuMantyi oya kugqiba ukuba akunike okanye angakuniki uMyalelo. Iinkcukacha za-banikezeli beenkonzo abanokunika ingcebiso baze bakun-cede kulo mba banikiwe ekuqaleni kwale Ncwadana.
UMabhalana weNkundla uza kukunceda ekugcwaliseni iifomu eziyimfuneko aze akuse phambi kweMantyi.
Yeyiphi iNkundla ekufuneka ndiye kuyo?
Yiya kwiNkundla ekufuphi apho uhlala okanye use-benza khona. Ukuba ubunyanzeliswe ukuba ushiye indawo yakho ohlala kuyo ngenxa yobundlobongela yaye uhla-la kwenye indawo okwexeshana, ungaya kwiNkundla ekufuphi nendawo yexeshana ohlala kuyo.
UMyalelo woKhuselo wexeshana uza kuthini?
UMyalelo weNkundla woKhuselo wexeshana uza kucela uMmangalelwa (umntu owenza impatho gadalala) ukuba angakudlakathisi ngendlela ekubekwe izityholo ngayo kwiNgxelo yakho eFungelweyo.
UMmangalelwa angayalelwa ukuba angakuphathi gadalala ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokukuthuka wena okanye abantwana.
Kwiimeko ezibalaseleyo, uMantyi angabona kulungile ukuyalela ukuba uMman-galelwa aphume kwindlu leyo kuhlalwa kunye kuyo okanye amthintele kwiindawo ezithile zendawo ekuhlaliwa kunye kuyo.
Ukuba abantwana bangamaxhoba empatho gadalala, iNkundla inokuyalela ukuba uMmangalelwa angadibani okanye abe nomda othile wokudibana nabantwana.
INkundla inokwenza umyalelo wokunika uncedo lwemali yengxakeko. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba ufuna ukubanga iinkcitho zonyango okanye iinkcitho zendawo yokuhlala eyenye ezivele ngqo ngenxa yempatho gadalala, kufuneka uveze isiqinisekiso sezo nkcitho zenziweyo uze ucele iNkundla ukuba ijonge esi sicelo.
INkundla ingayalela amapolisa ukuba ohluthe umpu woMmangalelwa ukuba wenze izoyikiso zokukubulala.
Ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo imo yempatho gadalala ethile ekwehlelayo, iNkundla ixhome-keke kwiNgxelo eFungelweyo oyibhalayo xa usenza isicelo sakho. Ngoko ke kufuneka unike iNkundla lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko kwiNgxelo yakho eFungelweyo, umzekelo, iinkcu-kacha zezehlo zempatho gadalala, umhla nendawo kunye nemo yesehlo sokugqibela.
Ndenze ntoni ngoMyalelo woKhuselo wexeshana?
UMyalelo weNkundla woKhuselo wexeshana mawunikwe uMmangalelwa (umntu owenza impatho gadalala) ngokukhawuleza. Awunako ukusa uMyalelo kuMmangalel-wa ngokwakho nanjengoko oko kungayi kwenza inkonzo eyiyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukunikezela uMyalelo woKhuselo luxanduva lomntu onegunya lobugosa oko kutsho iPolisa.. Kufuneka use uMyalelo woKhuselo wexeshana kwi-Ofisi yoMgwe-bi wesithili (Sheriff) okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nedilesi yendawo yokuhlala okanye asebenza kuyo uMman-galelwa. Kwisikhululo samapolisa, nceda khumbula ukubhala igama kunye/okanye inombolo yebheji yepolisa olinike uMy-alelo. Oku kukunceda ukuba ukwazi ukulandelela uMyalelo nge-linye ixesha. Izikhululo zamapolisa ezininzi zineGosa elonyuliweyo lokuphicotha imiba yobundlobongela basekhaya. Cwangcisa neGosa lobuPolisa ukulanda iMbuyiselo yeNkonzo (ubuNgqina beNkonzo) Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba uMyalelo woKhuselo wexeshana uwunikiwe uMmangalelwa yaye uwufumene ubuqu. Su-kucwangcisela ukuba amapolisa ahambise okanye apose iMbuyise-lo yeNkonzo ngqo eNkundleni nanjengoko oku kucotha kakhulu yaye kungayi eNkundleni ngaphambi komhla wokubuyela.
<fn>2008 Maintenance Xhosa.txt</fn>
Ndisibanga njani isondlo?
UbuLawuli obuyiNtloko: Uphuhliso lwamalungelo amaqela aseSichengeni.
Ndazi njani ukuba imali ibhatelwe?
Njalo tsala umnxeba phambi kokuba uye kwaManty, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali ifakiwe.
Ukuba imali ayifakwanga, kwaManty kuza kuqala kuzanywe ukulandelela ukuba intlawulo ifakiwe na ize, ukuba akunjalo, uxelelwe okulandelayo omawukwenze.
Ndiza kulinda ixesha elingakanani ukuba imali ifakwe?
Umhla wentlawulo uxhomekeke kuMyalelo weNkundla.
Umntu onoxanduva makafake imali kwamantyi ukuze bona bafake imali leyo kuwe.
Intlawulo ayilandeleki ngenxa yenombolo yokukhangela engeyiyo enikiweyo.
Khumbula ukuba xa imali ihlawulwe NGETSHEKHI kwiakhawunti yakho yebhanki, IZA KUVELA kuphela emva kweentsuku EZISIXHENXE.
Andikonwabelanga ukusebenzisa iakhawunti yebhanki.
Khumbula ukuba yindlela ekhuselekileyo nelula ukusebenzisa iakhawunti yebhanki nanjengoko kunjalo ukuba intlawulo isisiwa kwaMantyi iyikheshi okanye ngolungiselelo lweganishi.
Ngawaphi amanyathelo endiwathathayo ukuba andiyifumani imali kwiakhawunti yam yebhanki?
Cela uxwebhu lwebhanki oluneenkcukacha ezininzi (ingabi luxwebhu lwebhanki oluneenkcukacha ezimbalwa) zeakhawunti yakho yebhanki kwikhawuntari yebhanki yakho yasekuhlaleni okanye iATM.
Yisa uxwebhu lwebhanki kunye nencwadi yakho yesazisi kwaMantyi.
KwaMantyi kuza kukhutshwa iisamani ukufaka isimangalo solwaphulo-mthetho kumntu lowo unoxanduva lokuhlawula.
Ukuba ndingumntu obhatala imali yeSondlo, kufuneka ndenze ntoni?
Ulungiselelo lweganishi - inkampani oyisebenzelayo itsala imali ngqo kumvuzo wakho.
Intlawulo yekheshi - uya kwaMantyi uze ubhatale imali ekhawuntarini.
Intlawulo ngqo kwiakhawunti yebhanki - ufaka imali kwiakhawunti yebhanki yomntu onelungelo lemali.
Indlela yakho yokubhatala mayibhalwe kuMyalelo weNkundla.
INombolo yokuKhangela enikwe kwaMantyi mayisoloko ifakwa xa kusenziwa intlawulo ngqo kwiakhawunti yebhanki okanye ekhawuntarini.
Njalo thumela isiqinisekiso sentlawulo ngefeksi (isiliphu sokufaka okanye iirisithi) kwaMantyi xa ubhatala ngqo kwiakhawunti yebhanki yakwaMantyi.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa iakhawunti yebhanki apho imali ibimele ukuba ifakwe khona ivaliwe?
Nika inkundla iinkcukacha zakho zebhanki ezintsha.
IGosa leSondlo liza kucebisa ummangalelwa ngeenkcukacha zakho zebhanki ezintsha kunye nemali etyalwa nguye.
Iinkcukacha zebhanki ezintsha ziza kubhalwa kwifayili yesondlo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umntu ofumana imali yesondlo uyagula, uyakhubazeka, uyasweleka okanye uphesheya?
Kwimeko yokusweleka, uMabi welifa womenzi sicelo okanye uMgcini womntwana, unikwa imvume yokuthatha imali.
Kwimeko yokugula, ukhubazeko okanye apho umntu ogunyazisiweyo ephesheya, iqela lesithathu linokunyulwa. Oku kungenziwa ngokuveza uxwebhu lwaMandla eGqwetha olugunyazisa icala lesithathu ukuba lithathe imali yesondlo.
Okanye, iSebe lezeNtlalontle yoLuntu (uNontlalontle) kufuneka kuqhagamshelwane nalo ukufumana uncedo.
Ndiya phi ngokwayamene namalungelo oGcino nokuFikelela?
Ngolwazi olungaphaya ngokuphathelele kuGcino nokuFikelela, yiya kwiofisi yoMmeli woSapho.
KwaMantyi kuvulwa nini?
Ndiza kuya phi xa ndifikile kwaMantyi?
Njalo qala uye kwiDesika yoLwazi ukukhonjiswa kwindawo echanekileyo.
Ndisibanga njani iSondlo?
Ngawaphi amalungelo am?
Luxanduva lwabazali bobabini ukuxhasa umntwana wabo ngemali.
Oku kuquka iinkxaso zokubhatalela ukutya, impahla yokunxiba, indawo yokuhlala, unyango kunye nemfundo.
Imali yesondlo iza kubalwa ngokuphathelene nomvuzo womzali ngamnye.
Abazali bobabini banoxanduva lokunakekela umntwana wabo nokuba ngaba umntwana uzalelwe emtshatweni okanye ngaphandle komtshato.
Umntu onoxanduva lokubhatala isondlo unelungelo lokubhena ngomyalelo wesondlo.
Ukuba umntu onoxanduva lokubhatala isondlo akabhatali, isimangalo sinokwenziwa kwiNkundla yeZondlo.
Kwimeko yoqhawulo-mtshato, umlingane wangaphambili unelungelo lokufumana isondlo ukuba besibandakanyiwe njengenxalenye yenkqubo yenkundla yoqhawulo-mtshato.
Ndingaya nini kwiNkundla yeZondlo?
Xa usenza isicelo seSondlo okokuqala.
Xa kwenziwe isicelo sonyuso okanye ukwehla kumyalelo wesondlo osele ukhona.
Yeyiphi iNkundla emandiye kuyo ukwenza isicelo semali yeSondlo?
Nceda uqhagamshelane neyona Nkundla ikufutshane ngomnxeba nanjengoko baza kukunceda ngolwazi oluchanekileyo. (Inkundla kwisithili umntwana okanye umntu omakondliwe ahlala kuso).
Kutheni ndifuna umhla weNkundla?
Ukunika iNkundla ixesha lokulumkisa elinye icala ukuba libe khona kwingxoxo yetyala.
Kutheni kuyimfuneko ukuba icala ngalinye lize kwaMantyi?
Kukufikelela kwisivumelwano sokuba yimali yesondlo engakanani efunekayo yaye in-gakanani lowo unoxanduva anokuthi akwazi ukuyibhatala.
Inombolo ivela kwiKhadi lakho leSondlo eliorenji.
Ndiza kulinda ixesha elingakanani ukuba kukhutshwe uMyalelo weNkundla?
Oku kuxhomekeke kwintsebenziswano yamacala amabini. Ukuba nje amacala afikelele kwisivumelwano, intlawulo yokuqala kufuneka yenziwe njengoko kuchaziwe nguMyalelo weNkundla.
Zeziphi iindlela ezahlukeneyo endinokufumana ngazo imali yam yeSondlo?
Iganishi oda - inkampani ithatha imali ngqo kumvuzo womntu onoxanduva ize iyifake kwiakhawunti yebhanki yeNkundla.
Intlawulo yekheshi - uthatha imali ekhawuntarini.
Ukufakwa kwemali ngqo kwiakhawunti yakho yebhanki - ummangalelwa ufaka imali kwiakhawunti yakho yebhanki.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana isondlo kukufakwa kwemali ngqo kwiakhawunti yakho yebhanki.
Akukho xesha ulichithayo ukuba ungayi emsebenzini.
ndenza njani malunga nokwenza isicelo?
kufuneka ndiphathe ntoni?
Inombolo yesazisi nefoto yomzali/umntu onoxanduva lokubhatala imali yesondlo.
Uxwebhu lwebhanki ukuba uneakhawunti yebhanki.
Idilesi yendawo yokuhlala neyasemsebenzini yelungu losapho okanye onxulumeneyo..
Inombolo yokukhangela (ukuba seyinikiwe).
Umhla woku fumana umvuzo.
Tsalela umnxeba iNkundla yakho yasekuhlaleni ukufumanisa inkundla eyiyo omawuye kuyo yesondlo.
Yiza kwaMantyi uze kugcwalisa ifomu yesicelo.
KwaMantyi uza kunikwa umhla eniza kuthi wena nommangalelwa (omnye umzali) nize ngawo kwaMantyi.
KwaMantyi kuza kukhutshelwa ummangalelwa isapuna (omnye umzali) ukuba avele kwaMantyi ngomhla othile.
Zeziphi iinkcitho ezinokuhlelwa njengeemfuno zomntwana?
Kufuneka uphathe amaxwebhu axhasayo ngayo nayiphi kwezi nkcitho, ngaphandle koko INKUNDLA AYINAKUQALISA IINGXOXO.
Ingaba kufuneka ndihambe umgama ukuya kwaMantyi?
Uya kwiNkundla eyiyo.
Unalo lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko ngale mini.
Uyazi ukuba ingaba ummangalelwa (omnye umzali) uya kuba lapho kunye nawe na ngale mini.
<fn>Application_for_indigent_support-childheaded_household_final_Xho.txt</fn>
ngokungqinelana noMgaqo-nkqubo weBhunga woLawulo kunye nokuQokelelwa kwaMatyala, ndenza isicelo senkxaso yabahluphekileyo.
Kufuneka uzalise zonke ezi fomu zesicelo kuphela ukuba uphendula u"Ewe" kuyo yonke le mibuzo ukusuka ku-A ukuya kutsho ku-G.
Ingaba ipropati yakho ubukhulu becala isetyenziswa nje ngendawo yokuhlala?
Ungumnini obhalisiweyo wepropati okanye uhlala kwikhaya eliphethwe ngumntwana elibhaliswe ngomzali/abazali abaswelekileyo?
Ingaba ingeniso yekhaya evela kuzo zonke iinkalo , ingaphantsi kwama-R3 000 ngenyanga?
Ingaba wena mfaki-sicelo , ungumhlali ngokusisigxina kwipropati leyo?
Ukuba awunaso isixhobo solawulo lwamanzi , ingaba uyavuma ukufakelwa esi sixhobo, esisekelwe ukusebenzisa amanzi akwinqanaba eliphantsi?
Ubungqina bokuba ufumana isibonelelo sokukhubazeka, isibonelelo sesondlo okanye ipenshini (inkamnkam).
Abantu abahlala kule propati abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala incwadi yesazisi yeRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, ikopi yesatifiketi sokuzalwa okanye i-afidaviti.
Ndiyavuma, ukuba ndithe ndangenisa ubungqina obungeyonyaniso ukuze ndizuze isibonelelo sabahluphekileyo seBhunga, ndiya kuba ndaphula umthetho kwaye zonke iimfanelo endizizuze ngokwesibonelelo sabahluphekleyo, ziya kohluthwa okanye zirhoxiswe. Nasiphi na isixa-mali esingekahlawulwa, siya kuba lityala lam kwaye ndiya kuchaphazeleka ngokwemo eqhelekileyo yokuqokelelwa kwamatyala.
Ndiyayiqonda ukuba xa isicelo sam sithe saphumelela, iBhunga liza kuwamisa nawaphi na amanyathelo oqokelelo lwamatyala ithuba leenyanga ezili-12 ukusukela ngomhla wolwamkelo, okanye ndide ndibe ndiphuncukene nelungelo lesibonelelo sabahluphekileyo, leyo iqale yenzeka.
<fn>Blaw_Imm_XHOFin_Draft_Pub_Participationdoc.txt</fn>
i nakusiphi na isicwangciso secandelo okanye umzobo owamkelweyo ngumasipala okanye omnye ugunyaziwe ofanelekileyo ze kusetyenzwe kuso; okanye ii nasiphi na isicwangciso okanye umzobo njengoko uchaziwe kwicandelo le-15 loMthetho woCando loMhlaba, we-1997 uMthetho wesi-8 we-1997, obhaliswe okanye ofayilishiweyo kwiofisi yoMgcini-ncwadi weNcwadi yesiGqibo okanye iofisi yoNocanda Jikelele.
Ngaphandle kokuba umhlaba onjalo ukwisicwangciso esinjalo okanye kumzobo uchazwe njengesitalato sangasese.
UMasipala unakho ukufumana isakhiwo/umhlaba kunye/okanye namalungelo esakhiwo/umhlaba ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwengingqi kamasipala waso ngendlela yentengiso, ukuhluthwa, ummiselo wokuthand' ukwazi, umnikelo, isipho, ingqeshiso okanye nangayiphi na indlela.
Umasipala unakho ukuhlutha isakhiwo/umhlaba kunye/okanye unakho ukuthatha ilungelo lokusebenzisa isakhiwo/umhlaba okwethutyana ngaphandle kokuba amagunya anjalo aya kusetyenziswa kuphela ngokusetyenziswa kwamalungelo okwenza iinguqu ezifunekayo ngokuhambelana nezibonelelo zoMthetho wokuHlutha, we-1975 uMthetho wama-63 we-1975, okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho ofanelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba uhlutho olo lunjalo luya kuba ngeenjongo zoluntu okanye lusemdleni woluntu yaye kuxhonyekekwe kwintlawulo yembuyekezo.
Ubunini bezakhiwo/umhlaba apho uluntu lwengingqi kamasipala lunakho okanye lunganakho ukufumana ilungelo elifanayo ze zonke iindawo zikawonke-wonke kunye nezitalato zikawonke-wonke, kunye nomhlaba obandakanywe kwiindawo ezinjalo kunye nezitalato ube phantsi kwegunya likamasipala.
a epapashe iinjongo zakhe zokwenza njalo; yaye b enike ingqwalasela kunye nokuchithwa kwayo nayiphi na inkcaso engenisiweyo, ukuba ikho, ngokuhambelana kunye nopapasho olunjalo ze kubhalwe phantsi izizathu zalo ngoko.
Nangona izibonelelo zomhlathi a, umasipala unakho ukuyivala okwethutyana indawo kawonke-wonke okanye isitalato sikawonke-wonke.
Nangona nawuphi na umthetho ophilisayo, isakhiwo/umhlaba oselungelweni likamasipala awusayi kuba nokufunyanwa nanguwuphi na umntu ngommiselo.
Lo mthetho kamasipala uya kuqala ngomhla wopapasho.
Lo mthetho kamasipala, ukususela kumhla wokuqaliswa, urhoxise uMthetho kaMasipala oNxulumene noLawulo lweSixeko saseKapa ophathelene neSakhiwo / umhlaba opapashwe kwiGazethi yePhondo 5988 womhla wama-28 kuFebruwari wama-2003.
<fn>CJReview-TOR-isiXhosa.txt</fn>
Nokunika abenzi migaqo-nkqubo ulwazi olufunekayo ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwale ndlela yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho ikhoyo ngoku eMzantsi Afrika ngokwesiseko senzululwazi esingaphaya.
Neenguqu okanye utshintsho ekufuneka lwenziwe ngokunxulumene nezenzo kunye nemithetho yobungqina kunye nenkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho, ibheyile kunye nezenzo zokugweba kunye nemithetho, amabanjwa asalindele ukugwetywa kunye nokugcwala ngokugqithisileyo kweentolongo ukuphucula ukwanela nokusebenza kwendlela yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho.
Ukuba kukho imfuneko, inkomfa yokuhlanganisa nokudibana nabathelelani abangundoqo kwindlela yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho, kuqukwa nabameli abavela kumasebe karhulumente, kwizifundiswa kunye nakuluntu.
IQela loLawulo kubuLungisa bolwaPhulo-mThetho kunye neSicwangciso soPhando (iQela loPhando).
IQela lokuHlola kwaKhona liya kuba ngumongo wesikhokelo esiqhubayo sezopolitiko ekuHlolweni kwaKhona.
Nokuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa kweziphumo zokugqibela ziye kubo bonke abathelelani.
UMphathiswa weSebe lezobuLungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko uyakusebenza njengoSihlalo weQela loPhando.
IQela loPhando liya kuba ngumongo womsebenzi wophando ekufuneka wenziwe.
Ukwenza ingxelo ngokuhlola kwakhona xa kuceliwe ukuba kwenziwe oko; kunye Nokwenza izincomo zokuphuculwa kokwanela, ukusebenza, ukufaneleka kunye noqoqosho lwendlela yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho, ukuvelisa onke la manqakwana akhankanywe ngasentla.
UMlawuli-Jikelele weSebe lezobuLungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko uyakusebenza njengoSihlalo weQela loPhando.
ISebe lezolawulo kufuneka lisekwe ukuze linike inkxaso kumaQela oPhando kunye nawokuHlola kwaKhona. Isebe lezolawulo kufuneka ime kwi-Ofisi yeSebe lezobuLungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko.
Ingxelo yokugqibela kufuneka isiwe kuMongameli, kunyaka ukusukela kumhla wokuqala, neengxelo zexeshana, xa ziceliwe.
Kucingelwa ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali okungenani le-R10m luyakufuneka, oluya kunikwa nguNondyebo.
<fn>CTZS_Final_draft-Executive summary Mar10-Xhosa.txt</fn>
Le Ntshayelelo ngokwesiGqeba icacisa inqanaba le projekthi, inika isishwankathelo solwakheko kunye nesiqulatho semigaqo yesiskimu sokucandwa kwemida kwaye iphawula umahluko ophambili phakathi koyilo lokugqibela kunye nolwesine. Uyilo lokuqala nolwesibini kunye nolwesine lwapapashelwa ukuba kuhlonyulwe kulo phakathi kweyeSilimela (Juni) neyeThupha (Agasti) 2004 kunye neyeKhala (Julayi) neyeThupha 2005 kunye noFebruwari ukuya kuMatshi 2005 ngokulandelelanayo. Uyilo lwesithathu waphuhliswa kwaye lwasetyenziswa njengoxwebhu olusetyenziswayo. Kwinquleqhu nganye yokupapashwa kwaqukwa uluhlu lweentlanganisa zoluntu kunye nogqithiso-ngxelo ezazingazange zizinyaswe ngabantu abaninzi. Izihlomlo ezafunyanwa kuluntu, kumaqumrhu eengcaphephe kunye namagosa kumaxwebhu oyilo athi apapashwa zahlalutywa yiKomiti eBhexeshayo yamalungu opolitiko kunye namagosa. Iimpendulo ezavela ngeli lixa lezi nkqubo zabonakalisa ukuphucuka kuxwebhu elo kwaye ngenxa yoko kunye nokuhlaziywa ngokupheleleyo koyilo lwesibini, olwesithathu kunye nolwesine, oko kwakhokelela kuphuhliso lolu yilo lokugqibela kwaphuhliswa. Njengenxalenye yenkqubo ehamba ngaxeshanye, iimephu zocando lwemida ezikhoyo zahlaziywa kwaye zangeniswa ngokolwakheko lwemeko yekhompyutha. Imimandla ekwiimephu zocando lwemida ezikhoyo zaguqulelwa kwimimandla ekufutshane engangena kuyo kwiskimu socando lwemida esitsha. Le projekthi ngoku ifikelele kwinqanaba ezi ndima zilandelayo zeskimu socando lwemida zikho ukuze kuhlonyulwe luluntu ngazo.
Imephu zocando lwemida ezintsha ziphawula imimandla yeSkimu soCando lweMida emitsha.
Iskimu sokucandwa kwemida luxwebhu lomthetho elimisela amalungelo nezinyanzeliso ezingophuhliso somhlaba, kwaye sisetyenziswa kunye neminye imithetho enjengemithetho engokusingqongileyo, ukuze kulawulwe ukusetyenziswa nokuphuhliswa komhlaba kwisixeko. Ngokomthetho, iskimu sokucandwa kwemida kumele ukuba simisele amalungelo osetyenziso kwaye sibonelele ngolawulo kulo malungelo osetyenziso kunye nokusetyenziswa komhlaba. Ngoku nje kukho izikimu zocando lwemida ezingama-27 ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa eKapa. Uninzi lwazo luneemimandla yosetyenziso lomhlaba, iinkcazelo kunye namagatya ahlukeneyo kwaye uninzi lwawo aphelelwa ngenxa yokuba awasahambelani kunye neemeko ezikhoyo ngoku. Ezinye izikimu zomiselo losetyenziso lomhlaba zazimiselwe phantsi komthetho wocalucalulo, uMthetho woPhuhliso lwaBantu abaMnyama, kwaye zifuna ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza. Le nkqubo imbaxa ayisebenziseki kwaye inzima ukusetyenziswayo liBhunga likunye noluntu ngokubanzi. Isixeko esibumbeneyo njengeKapa sidinga isikimu socando lwemida esihlangeneyo esingabonakalisi ucalucalulo lwexesha elidlulileyo kwaye sihambelane nemiceli-mngeni yangoku. Ukujongana ngqo nale ngxaki, iSixeko iphuhlise iskimu socando lwemida esinye seSixeko saseKapa sisonke. Le nkqubo yaqala emva kokuba kwamkelwe uluhlu kwemithetho-siseko esisikhokelo. Okunye okwanakanwayo kule nkqubo kukuba iSixeko sineyantlukwano kwaye ke esi sikimu sitsha sosetyenziso lomhlaba kufuneka sikwazi ukuba nokulungiselela ezo yantlukwano, mayela noku ke kwaveliswa izibonelelo ezihamba ngokwemeko kwakunye nezosetyenziso lomhlaba oluxutyiweyo, amacebo osetyenziso lomhlaba abonisa iziphumo kwakunye nemimandla eyalekeneyo. Iskimu socando lwemida sineendidi ezininzi. Kukho uxwebhu lweSkimu soCando lweMida eliqulathe izibonelelo, amalungelo osetyenziso kunye nemithetho yophuhliso ommandla ngamnye. Kukwakho iimephu zocando lwemida zesixeko sisonke ezibonakalisa ukuba yeyiphi na imihlaba nezakhiwo emiselwe ukuba ibe kowuphi ummandla. Uluntu lungahlola ezi mephu zocando lwemida ukuze bamisele ucando lwemida yemihlaba nezakhiwo zalo, kwaye lungahlola imigaqo yesikimu socando lwemida ukuze luqinisekise ukuba amagatya ocando lwemida amatsha ayasebenza na kwimihlaba nezakhiwo zalo. Ezi nkcukacha zigcinwe kwii-Ofisi zikaMasipala kwaye zingenziwa zibekho kumntu onemihlaba nezakhiwo xa kuthe kwafakwa isicelo.
Olona xwebhu luyintloko lwesikimu socando lwemida lwahlulwe lwaziindima ezintlanu nezithe zahlulwa ukuba zibe zizahluko namacandelo. Kukwakho noxwebhu olusiSongezo oluqulathe imimandla eyalekeneyo kunye nezibonelelo jikelele kwakunye nezibonelelo ezizodwa ukulungiselela ngamnye kule mimandla yalekeneyo. Ulwakheko lwesikimu socando lwemida sibonakalisa ngokuphangaleleyo izikimu zocando lwemida ezikhoyo luya kungena endaweni yalo kwaye kufuneka kube lula ukuluqonda. Luquka ezi ndima zilandelayo: Inkangeleko ngokuphangaleleyo Eli candelo linika iinkcazelo kunye nolwazi malunga nesikimu socando lwemida kunye nezixhobo zocwangciso olunxulumeneyo. Eli candelo alinabugaga bomthetho. Likwanika iingcebiso zokufumana indlela yokuqonda ixwebhu kwaye liquka inkcazelo yokuba i-CTZS ihambisana njani kunye nenkqubo yolawulo losetyenziso lomhlaba yeSixeko.
Le ndima idandalazisa phandle isicelo kunye nenjongo ephangaleleyo yeskimu socando lwemida kwaye ibonelela ngekhonkco kwiimephu zocando lwemida kunye nerejista. Ikwabonelela ngenkqubo emiselweyo yokwenza isicelo ngokwamalungiselelo exeshana kunye nesikimu socando lwemida, ukupapashwa kwezicelo, inkqubo emiselweyo yokuphunyezwa, ukunyanzeliswa kweemeko zokunyanzeliswa, ukunyaniseka kolwazi, inkqubo emiselweyo yokubhena kunye nempazamo. Esinye sezahluko kule ndima yesikimu socando lwemida sikwadandalazisa ukumiselwa kwemimandla kunye neendidi zosetyenziso. Amagatya ocando lwemida amiselweyo akwaqukwe kule ndima kwakunye nesishwankathelo sayo yonke imimandla ukwenza ukuba kube lula xa ubhekisa kuyo. Indima yesi-II : Iindidi zoCando lweMida Le ndima idandalazisa zonke iindidi zokucandwa kwemida kunye nemimandla esisiseko. Iindidi zocando lwemida ziyinkcazelo ebumbeneyo yoninzi lwemimandla esisiseko enxulumeneyo njengokuba imimandla esisiseko imisela ngokuthe ngqo imigaqo yophuhliso kunye nosetyenziso lomhlaba olusemthethweni kwiyunithi yomhlaba.
Kubonelelwa ngezindlu zokuhlala usapho olunye ikakhulu.
Kubonelelwa ngokuphuculwa kunye nokwandiswa kwezindlu ukusuka kumatyotyombe ukuya kwizindlu ezimiselwe ngokusemthethweni.
Uphuhliso lwendawo yokuhlala enengxinano ephakathi nalapho iqela lezindlu likhuthazwa.
Uphuhliso lwendawo yokuhlala enengxinano enkulu ebandakanya ibhloko leeflethi. Imigaqo yophuhliso eyahlukeneyo isetyenziswa kwimimandlana yocando lwemida eyahlukeneyo.
Kubonelelwa ngezixhobo zasekuhlaleni kwingingqi.
Kubonelelwa ngodederhu oluninzi lwezixhobo zasekuhlaleni. Oku kungakwinqanaba lengingqi okanye lwesiphaluka ngokobume.
Kubonelelwa ngosetyenziso olunoshishino oluphantsi kunye nosetyenziso oluxubileyo olubonelela nje izidingo zengingqi.
Ukubonelela ngoshishino oluphangaleleyo kunye nosetyenziso oluphakathi ukuya kkwelona qondo eliphezulu. Imigaqo eyahlukeneyo isetyenziswa kwimimandlana eyahlukeneyo.
Ukubonelela ngomxube wophuhliso loshishino, imizi-mveliso kunye neendawo zokuhlala. Imigaqo eyahlukeneyo isetyenziswa kwimimandlana eyahlukeneyo.
Ukubonelela ngeemizi-mveliso yonke ngaphandle kwemizi-mveliso enobungozi. Imigaqo eyahlukeneyo yophuhliso isebenza kwimimandlana eyahlukeneyo.
Ukubonelela ngesixokelelwano senkqubo yezothutho kunye namanyathelo ezothutho nanikeza ngenkonzo kuluntu.
Ukubonelela ngezitalato kunye neendlela zoluntu.
Lo ngummandla omtsha kwaye uqukwe kwisikimu sosetyenziso lomhlaba ukulungiselela usetyenziso lomhlaba kunye nolawulo lomhlaba kwizibuko lesizwe.
Ukubonelela ngamabala angumthabalala abekelwe bucala anjengamabala egalufa kwiiimihlaba nezakhiwo zegalufa.
Ukubonelela kunye nokukhusela ulimo kwiifama.
Ukubonelela ngeeimihlaba nezakhiwo ezincinane ezikumaphandle nezungasetyenziselwa ukulima nokufuya kwaye kuhlaliwe kuzo njengeendawo zokuhlala abantu abathanda ukuhlala ubomi bamaphandle.
Ukubonelela ngesixhobo sokuguqula ukusetyenziswa komhlaba owawungamiselwanga njengommandla othile.
Itheyibhuli yesishwankathelo semimandla isisiseko ebandakanya imigaqo yophuhliso yaqulunqwa njengencwadana esisalathiso kwaye iqhotyoshelwe kwesi sishwankathelo ngokwsigqeba. Indima yesi- III : Udidi loCando-mida oLwalekeneyo Le ndima yenza isibonelelo ngezixhobo zokulawula usetyenziso lomhlaba apho iBhunga linika impembelelo kwinkqubi emiselweyo yonyusa izikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo kumagatya alawulayo eskimu socando-mida. Ngokusebenzisa esi sixhobo, kunganikwa amalungelo osetyenziso lomhlaba ongeziweyo okanye amalungelo osetyenziso lomhlaba angacuthwa kwaye kungamiselwa imigaqo yophuhliso ethintelayo. Amagatya ommandla owalekanayo aya kongezelelwa kumagatya ommandla osisiseko. Isixhobo sommandla wocando-mida eyalekeneyo masingakhuthazi, sibangele okanye siququzelele iyantlukwano nokwahlukana ngokokuhlala. Le ndima ikwabonelela ngenkqubo emiselweyo yokulungisa, yamkele, ifake endaweni, ilungelelanisa kwaye indulule imimandla eyalekeneyo kwakunye newonga lalo mimandla yalekeneyo.
Ukubonelela ngokuchongwa komhlaba uchongelwa ulwahlulwahlulo lwexesha elizayo.
Ukubonelela ngesixhobo sokulawula iiprojekthi ezinkulu zophuhliso ngokunika uthotho lweendlela zokucwangcisa izakhiwo.
Ukubonelela ngesixhobo sokumisela amanyathelo yeNkuthazo enkuthazo kuphuhliso khona ukuze kukhuthazwe izinto eziphambili kuphuhliso kunye nocwangciso njengomzekelo wendawo yokupaka, ubude, ubungakanani bomgangatho, ubungakanani bomhlaba wesiza okanye ingxinano.
Ukubonelela ngesixhobo sokumisela amanyathelo enkuthazo kuphuhliso khona ukuze kukhuthazwe izinto eziphambili kuphuhliso kunye nocwangciso njengomzekelo wokumisela ukuba ibe ncinane okanye ibenkulu kangakanani ingxinano kuphuhliso ngokuxhomekeke kubukho nezixhobo.
Ukubonelela ngokhuselo lweendawo kunye nemimandla yezinto ezililifa lemveli.
Ukubonelela ngolawulo lweempawu okanye iindawo zokusingqongileyo okanye indalo esingqongileyo.
Ukubonelela ngolawulo longqameko lwedolophu khona ukuze kukufezekiswe ukuguquka okubuthathaka phakathi kwemimandla yedolophu, amaphandle kunye nolondolozo lwendalo.
Ukubonelela ngokhuseleko kwinkangeleko yendalo kunye neyenkcubeko kwimizila yabakhenkethi ebalulekileyo.
Ukubonelela ngemigaqo yophuhliso ethe ngqo kwingingqi.
Le ndima ye-IZS ibonelela ngamagatya nemigaqo ephangaleleyo esebenza kuyo yonke imimandla. La magatya anxulumene nemida yezakhiwo, imida ekumbindi wesitalato, izicwangciso zokuphuhlisa amanxiwa; into ezinobungozi, ukuphendla, imida yamadonga, iingqumba zemihlaba kunye nezakhiwo ezigcinwayo, ukunakekelwa kwezakhiwo kunye nokubekwa kweemoto, izixokelelwano zeepali zobuxhakaxhaka bonxibelelwano, iimfuneko zokufikelela kumanxiwa neendawo zokupka, ezokulayisha, amagumbi enkunkuma kunye nolwahlullwahlulo lomhlaba. Le ndima ikwaqulathe ingcaciso kunye neenkcazelo ezisetyenziswayo kwiskimu socando-mida. Indima yesi- V : IziHlomelo Le ndima iqulathe ulwazi olongezekileyo oluxhasa ulawulo lweskimu socando-mida njengoluhlu lwemimandla eyalekenayo. IBhunga liya kongeza okanye lilungelelanise iziHlomelo njengoko kubonelelwe kwiskimu socando-mida. Uxwebhu lwesongezo Olu xwebhu, sisongezo kuxwebhu oluyintloko lwemipoposho yomiselo losetyenziso lomhlaba, luqulathe izibonelelo jikelele kunye nezibonelelo ezizodwa zommandla ngamnye oza kumiselwa ngokwemipoposho yesikimu somiselo losetyeniso lomhlaba.
Kwenziwe izongezo jikelele ngokubhekisa kumthetho ochaphazela ucwangciso losetyenziso lomhlaba.
Naluphi na ubango lomhlaba kwixesha elizayo luza kuba yinxalenye yommandla wesikimu somiselo losetyenziso lomhlaba ngokwasemthethweni. Umhlaba ochazwa njengommandla okhuselekileyo awuyi kuqukwa kwizibonelelo zesi sikimu somiselo losetyenziso lomhlaba. Kucacisiwe ukuba izibonelelo zomiselo losetyenziso lomhlaba azinakho ukuchasa izibonelelo zomthetho wephondo okanye wesizwe.
Isibonelelo silungiselelwe kuphela ukuba kubekho unxulumelwano kunye nomthetho wocwangciso.
Kuquka isibonelelo esichaza ukuba uxwebhu lwesihlomelo oluqulathe yonke imimandla eyongeziweyo liza kuba yinxalenye yemipoposho yesikimu somiselo losetyenziso lomhlaba. Kuphuhliswe uxwebhu lwesihlomelo esinemimandla eyongeziweyo.
Apho kunikwe imvume yosetyenziso komnye ummandla, kuza kusetyenziswa imithetho yophuhliso yaloo mmandla kuloo mvume yosetyenziso.
Inkqubo eza kulandelwa ukulungisa iimpazamo ichaziwe.
Kuphuculwe indlela okubhalwe ngayo oko kuthathwa njengemiqathango ngokomthetho wocwangciso. Olu phuculo lukwanika unxulumaniso kunye neLUPO apho imiqathango ekhoyo ngoku yeshedyuli kwisikimu somiselo losetyenziso lomhlaba saseKapa kwixesha elizayo siza kuthathwa njengemiqathango yolwamkelo ngokomthetho wocwangciso. Kwenziwe nolunye uphuculo koko kuthathwa njengezibonelelo kumhlaba obufudula ungoweeNkonzo zezoThutho zaseMzantsi Afrika (ngoku ongumhlaba kaTRANSNET kunye noPRASA) kwaye iSixeko sikwinzame zokungena kwisivumelwano esisesikweni kunye nala maziko oluntu.
Kusetyenziswa izithintelo ezongezelelekileyo kwimida yesakhiwo apho iziza ezincinci zayame kwiziza ezikhulu. Kufuneka isithinteli-mlilo esiyi-1m emva kweeyunithi zokuhlala ezidibeneyo ezi-4. Kuqukwe iqondo lolawulo loxinano kwiziza ezingaphezulu kunama- 2000mÂ². Akukho mqathango wobungakanani ubekiweyo kwindawo yokuhlala yesibini. Ngoku ingalingana ngobungakanani neyona ndawo yokuhlala iyintloko, kodwa ayinakho ukuba nkulu kunayo. Kukho neminye imiqathango ebhekisa kwi-B&B's. Akuvumelekanga ukusingathwa kwamatheko kunye neenkomfa. Height and coverage have been increased.
Zisusiwe iimvume zeethaveni ezindlwini kunye nokuthengiswa kotywala.
Iigaraji zepetroli zezosetyenziso ngemvume hayi zosetyenziso ngesivumelwano. Imigangatho kwinxalenye yezakhiwo ezisetyenziswa njengeefleti yongeziwe kwaye ezinye iindawo zeehotele azinakwanga ukubala ubungakanani bemigangatho.
Umoya - Amalungelo ezoMoya kunye nemigangatho engaphantsi komhlaba aqukwe kule nxalenye njengafanele ukuba acelelwe enye imvume.
Lo ngummandla omtsha oqukwe ngenjongo yokunika esi sikimu ulawulo losetyenziso lomhlaba kwizibuko lesizwe apho uphuhliso lwelo zibuko lulawulwa kwaye luvunyelwa ngokwesicwangciso sophuhliso esisisiseko. Eso sicwangciso sophuhliso sisisiseko kufuneka siquke icandelo lolawulo losetyenziso lomhlaba ukulungiseslela uphuhliso kwelo zibuko.
Ushishino olungekho sesikweni luqukwe njengemvume apho iziza zahlulwe ngokoMthetho kaMasipala weBhunga ukulungiselela injongo zoshishino olungekho sesikweni.
Kubhekisa kwiziza ezizezona zincinane. Kuvumeleke indawo yokuhlala yesibini enye kwihektare ezili-10 ukuya kuma kwiindawo zokuhlala ezi-5 ubuninzi.
Itshintshiwe ukuze ihambelane nowiso-mthetho oluchaphazelekayo.
Umphakamo ovumelekileyo wongeziwe.
Ziqukwe mva kwesi sahluko.
Baqukwe mva kwesi sahluko.
Injongo ngokubanzi zoMqulu weziCwangciso kukunika indlela yokucwangcisa nokulawula uphuhliso lweendawo ezinkulu okanye iindawo ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso lwedolophu. Yinkqubo ehamba nothethathethwano, yocwangciso kunye nolwamkelo ehamba ngokwezigaba, ekuthi iinkcukacha zamanqanaba afanelekileyo ezicwangciso amkelwe ehamba kunye nemiqathango yolo lwamkelo. Ezi zibonelelo zithatha indawo yoMmandla owaLekanayo weSicwangciso esiSodwa.
Utoliko lwemilinganiselo yemiphakamo nalo luqukiwe. IBhunga lingafuna isatifikethi somphakamo esiqinisekiswe ngunocanda womhlaba obhalisiweyo esivela, kumnini-mhlaba.
Kwenziwe izongezo nezilungiso ezininzi ngenxa yezihlomlo ezifunyenweyo.
Kwenziwe utshintsho emva koqwalaselo ngokutsha lwemimandla ecandiweyo, lweendawo ezizodwa, lweemimandla eyalekeneyo kwaye imiqathango ebekiweyo equlathwe kwizikimu zomiselo losetyenziso lwemihlaba ithe yaqwalaselwa ngokutsha yaza yashiywa kwiimeko apho kungekho zinjongo izifezekisayo okanye yagcinwa ngokwemiqathango yolwamkelo okanye yemimandla eyalekeneyo.
Kongezwe imiba emitsha kuxwebhu oluqulathe yonke imimandla eyalekeneyo kunye nezibonelelo jikelele kwanezibonelelo ezizodwa.
Makuqatshelwe ukuba olu lupapasho lokugqibela lwedrafti yokugqibela yeSixeko apho kumemezelwa izihlomlo kubo bonke abo banomdla nabachaphazelekayo.
Izaziso ziza kuthunyelwa kubo bonke abanomdla nabachaphazelekayo (I&AP's) abathe bahlomla kwisiyilo sesine kwaye abakhoyo kuluhlu lwesebe olukwikhompyutha baza kwaziswa ngopapasho lwesiyilo sokugqibela.
Kuza kuququzelelwa intlanganiso yokwazisa imibutho yoluntu kunye neengcaphephe ezinomdla malunga nezilungiso ezenziwe kwisiyilo sesine kwakunye novavanyo lwefuthe lophuhliso kwiindawo zophuhliso oluvunyelweyo kwimimandla yosetyenziso.
<fn>ConstitutionalCourt. Constitution(2009).2010-10-13.xh.txt</fn>
Sikholelwa kwelokuba uMzantsi-Afrika ungowabo bonke abahlala kuwo, simanyene nangona singafani.
efanelekileyo njengelizwe elizimeleyo kusapho lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngamana uThixo angabakhusela abantu bakowethu.
Nkosi sikelel' iAfrika. Morena boloka setjhaba sa heso.
God seÃ«n Suid-Afrika. God bless South Africa.
Mudzimu fhatutshedza Afurika. Hosi katekisa Afrika.
Isidima somntu, ukufezekiswa kokulingana kwanokuphuhliswa kwamalungelo abantu nokweendlela ngeendlela zokukhululeka kwabo.
Inkqubo engenamkhethe ngokobuhlanga nangokwesini.
Ukongama koMgaqo-siseko nokulawula komthetho.
Ilungelo jikelele lokuvota labantu abadala, umqulu wesizwe omnye wabavoti, unyulo oluthe gqolo, kunye nenkqubo yorhulumente wedemokhrasi ebandakanya amaqela ngamaqela, ukuqinisekisa uxanduva lokuphendula, ukugadwa kwentembeko nokwenziwa kwezinto elubala.
Lo Mgaqo-siseko ngowona mthetho wongameleyo kwiRiphablikhi; umthetho okanye izenzo ezinxamnye nawo azinamandla okusebenza, kwaye izimiselo ezimiselwe nguwo kufuneka zifezekiswe.
Ku kho ubumi baseMzantsi-Afrika bomntu wonke.
bajongwe ngokulinganayo yimisebenzi naluxanduva lobumi.
Uwiso-mthetho lwesizwe kufuneka lubonelele ngeendlela ngeendlela zokufumana ubumi, ukulahlekelwa bubo nokubuyiselwa kwabo.
Umhobe wesizwe weRiphablikhi umiselwa nguMongameli ngesihlokomiso.
Iilwimi zoburhulumente zeRiphablikhi sisiSuthu saseNtla, isiSuthu, isiTswana, isiSwati, isiVenda, isiTsonga, isiAfrikaans, isiNgesi, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, nesiZulu.
Kufuneka urhulumente akuthathele ingqalelo ukungasetyenziswa ngokwaneleyo nokuthotywa komgangatho, kwangaphambili phaya, kweelwimi zeenkobe zabantu bakowethu, aze athathe amanyathelo asebenzayo nabonakalayo, okunyusa umgangatho wazo nokuhambisela phambili ukusetyenziswa kwazo.
Urhulumente wesizwe noorhulumente bamaphondo bangasebenzisa naziphi na kanye iilwimi zoburhulumente ekwenziweni komsebenzi woburhulumente, bethathela ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa, ukuba nokusebenziseka, iindleko, iimeko zemimandla kunye nokulungelelana kweemfuno zabemi neelwimi abakhetha zona xa bebonke, okanye ezifunwa nezikhethwa ngabephondo elithile; kodwa urhulumente wesizwe norhulumente wephondo ngalinye kufuneka ubuncinane, basebenzise iilwimi zoburhulumente zibe mbini.
OoMasipala kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo iilwimi ezisetyenziswa nezikhethwa ngabemi beendawo zabo.
Urhulumente wesizwe noorhulumente bamaphondo kufuneka bathi, ngomthetho nangamanye amanyathelo, bakulawule baze bakubeke liso ukusebenzisa kwabo iilwimi zoburhulumente. Makuthi kungashenxwanga nje kwimimiselo yecandelwana (2), zonke iilwimi zoburhulumente zixatyiswe ngokulinganayo, futhi ziphathwe ngokufanayo.
nesiArabhu, nesiHebhere, nesiSanskriti nezinye iilwimi ezisetyenziselwa unqulo eMzantsi Afrika.
Olu Xwebhu lwamaLungelo lilitye lembombo ledemokhrasi eMzantsi Afrika. Luqulethe ngokukhuselekileyo amalungelo abo bonke abantu kweli lizwe lethu, kananjalo luqinisekisa izithethe ezixabisekileyo zedemokhrasi ezizezi: isidima somntu, ukulingana kwanenkululeko.
Urhulumente kufuneka ahlonele, akhusele, akhuthaze aze azalisekise amalungelo akolu Xwebhu lwamaLungelo.
Amalungelo akuXwebhu lwamaLungelo alawulwa kuphela lusikelo- mda oluqulethwe okanye olukhankanywe kwicandelo 36, okanye kwenye indawo kwalapha kule Mthetho oYilwayo.
Uxwebhu lwamaLungelo lusebenza kuwo wonke umthetho kwaye lubophelela ezowiso-mthetho, ezolawulo, iijaji kwakunye nawo onke amaziko karhulumente.
Ummiselo okwiXwebhu lwamaLungelo ubophelela umntu okanye isigqeba esinokuthatha nesinokuthathelwa amanyathelo omthetho ukuba lo mmiselo unakho, nakangangokuba unakho, xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo uhlob lwelungelo kunye nohlobo lwawo nawuphi na umsebenzi omiselwe lilungelo elo.
ingaphuhlisa imigaqo yomthetho woluntu yokulisikela umda ilungelo, kodwa kuthi kanti oko kusikelwa umda kuhambisana necandelo 36(1).
Isigqeba esinokuthatha nesinokuthathelwa amanyathelo omthetho sifanelwe ngokomthetho ngamalungelo akuXwebhu lwamaLungelo kangangoko kuyimfuneko ngokohlobo lwamalungelo lawo, nangokohlobo lwesigqeba eso sinokuthatha nesinokuthathelwa amanyathelo omthetho.
Wonke ubani ulingana nomnye phambi komthetho kwaye unelungelo lokukhuselwa nelokuncedeka ngokulinganayo emthethweni.
Ukulingana kubandakanya ukuwaxhamla ngokupheleleyo nangokulinganayo onke amalungelo kunye nokukhululeka kwizinto-yinto. Ukukhuthaza ukufezekiswa kokulingana, kungawiswa umthetho, kuthathwe namanye amanyathelo anjongo ikukukhusela okanye ukuqhubela phambili abantu, okanye iindidi zabantu, abadlelwa indlala ngenxa yocalu- calulo olunesheyi.
Urhulumente akufuneki acalule ngesheyi, nokuba kungokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo, nawuphi na umntu ngenxa yesizathu okanye yezizathu ezibandakanya ubuhlanga, isini, ukukhulelwa, imo yomtshato, imvelaphi ngokobuhlanga okanye ngokwasekuhlaleni, ibala, utyekelo ngokwesondo, ubudala, ukukhubazeka, inkolo, isazela, inkolelo, inkcubeko, ulwimi, nokuzalwa.
Akukho mntu uvumelekileyo ukuba acalule ngesheyi, ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo, nabani na ngesizathu okanye ngezizathu ezikwicandelwana (3). Kufuneka kwenziwe umthetho wesizwe wokuthintela okanye wokuvalela ucalulo ngendlela enesheyi.
Wonke ubani unesidima semvelo, kunye nelungelo lokuhlonitshwa nokukhuselwa kwesidima sakhe.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokuba adle ubomi.
nelokungaphathwa okanye ohlwaywe ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo, engenabuntu okanye ethoba isidima.
nokungasetyenziselwa luphando ngokufunisela malunga nezonyango okanye ezobunzululwazi, ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe ayinike eyiqonda kakuhle into avuma yona.
Akukho bani unokwenziwa ikhoboka okanye abekwe phantsi kweemeko zobukhoboka okanye asetyenziswe ngesinyanzelo.
lokungabhencwa konxibelelwano lwakhe lwangasese/lwabucala.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokukhululeka ngokwesazela, ngokwenkolo, ngokokucinga, ngokwenkolelo nangokoluvo.
ukuya kunqula kukhululekile kwaye kungokuzithandela.
iinkqubo zomthetho womntu othile, okanye owekhaya elithile, olandela nasiphi na isithethe okanye ekulandelwa zona ngabantu abalandela inkolo ethile.
Ulwamkelo ngokwemigaqo yomhlathi (a) kufuneka lungqamene neli candelo kwakunye neminye imithetho yoMgaqo-siseko.
nenkululeko kwezemfundo nenkululeko yokwenza uphando lwezobunzululwazi.
ukuhlwayela intiyo esekelwe kubuhlanga, kwisini, okanye kwinkolo, ephembelela ukwenzakalisa/ukwenziwa kobubi.
Wonke ubani unelungelo, lokudibana nabanye, lokuqhankqalaza, lokupiketha nelokuhambisa uxwebhu lwezibongozo, ngendlela enoxolo kwaye engaxhobanga.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokuzibandakanya ngokukhululekileyo.
nokugayela iqela elithile lezopolitiko okanye injongo ethile yezopolitiko.
Wonke ummi unelungelo kunyulo olukhululekileyo, olungenamkhethe noluthe gqolo lwalo naliphi na iziko lezowiso-mthetho elisekwe ngokoMgaqo-siseko.
nelokuzigqatsela isikhundla eburhulumenteni, nelokuba kuso isikhundla eso ukuba unyulwe.
Akukho mmi unokubandezelwa ilugelo lakhe lobumi.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokuhamba-hamba.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokuyishiya iRiphablikhi.
Wonke ummi unelungelo lokungena ahlale naphi na, kwiRiphablikhi.
Wonke ummi unelungelo lokuba nepaspoti.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokukhetha ngokukhululekileyo umsebenzi worhwebo, impangelo, okanye umsebenzi wobizo. Ukuqhutywa komsebenzi worhwebo, impangelo okanye umsebenzi wobizo kungalawulwa ngumthetho.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokusebenza kwiimeko ezingenasheyi.
lokuthabatha inxaxheba kwiintshukumo neeprogramu zombutho wabaqeshi.
nelokuseka nelokujoyina umanyano oluthile.
Yonke imibutho yabasebenzi, eyabaqeshi, naye wonke umqeshi unelungelo lokungenela uthethelelwano. Kungawiswa umthetho wesizwe wokulawula olu thethelelwano. Ukuba lo mthetho unelungelo olinciphisayo elikwesi Sahluko, olo nciphiso maluvumelane necandelo lama-36 (1).
Umthetho wesizwe ungawavuma amalungiselelo ombutho wabasebenzi okhuseleko aqulethwe kwizivumelwano ezenzelwe onke amalungu. Ukuba umthetho unelungelo olinciphisayo elikwesi Sahluko, olo nciphiso maluvumelane necandelo 36 (1).
aqinisekisa uphuhliso oluhlala luqhuba lwezendalo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamajelo ezendalo lo gama kukhuthazwa uphuhliso olulungileyo lwezoqoqosho nezentlalo.
Akukho bani omakavaleleke ukuba abe nepropati ngaphandle kokuba oko kungqamene nomthetho osetyenziswayo jikelele, kanjalo akukho mthetho omawuvumele ukuvaleleka kokuba nepropati ngokwesigqibo esicalanye.
kube kho imbuyekezo, esixa-mali sayo, kwanexesha nendlela yokuhlawulwa kwayo ekuvunyelwene ngazo ngabo bachaphazelekayo, okanye ekugqitywe ngazo okanye ezivunywe yinkundla.
ipropati ayiphelelanga kumhlaba kuphela.
Urhulumente kufuneka athabathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ezomthetho namanye amanyathelo, ngokweendlela anazo, ukukhuthaza iimeko ezenza ukuba abemi bafumane umhlaba ngendlela engenamkhethe/engenasheyi.
Umntu okanye abantu abalungelo labo lomhlaba lingakhuselekanga ngokusemthethweni ngenxa yemithetho okanye izenzo zamandulo zocalulo ngokobuhlanga, kufanelekile, kangangoko kukho isibonelelo ngokoMthetho wePalamente, ukuba umhlaba lowo ube ngowakhe/ngowabo ngokukhuselekileyo ngokwasemthethweni okanye abuyekezwe ngokufaneleneyo nelahleko yakhe/yabo.
Umntu okanye abantu abaye bahluthwa ipropati yabo emva komhla we-19 kuJuni 1913 ngenxa yemithetho okanye izenzo zamandulo zocalulo ngokobuhlanga kufanelekile, kangangoko kukho isibonelelo ngokoMthetho wePalamente, ukuba abuyiselwe loo propati okanye abuyekezwe alungiselelwe ngendlela enobulungisa/engenasheyi.
Akukho mmiselo weli candelo unokuthi uthintele urhulumente ekuthabatheni amanyathelo omthetho okanye angamanye ukufezekisa iinguqulelo ezimalunga nomhlaba, namanzi nezinye ezinxulumene nazo ukuze kube nokulungiswa kwezenzo zocalulo lobuhlanga lwangaphambili, kuvumeleke ke kodwa ukuba kungakho ukunxaxha kwimimiselo yeli candelo, kodwa kuhambelane nemimiselo yecandelo 36(1).
IPalamente kufuneka yenze le mithetho kubhekiselwe kuyo kwicandelwana (6).
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokufumana indlu efanelekileyo.
Urhulumente kufuneka athabathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo omthetho, kunye namanye amanyathelo, kangangokuba enakho, ukuze afezekise ukuthi gqolo kokufumaneka kweli lungelo.
Akukho bani uya kukhutshwa endlwini yakhe okanye adilizelwe indlu yakhe, ngaphandle komyalelo wenkundla, okhutshwe emva kokuqwalasela zonke iimeko eziphathelelene noko. Akukho mthetho mawuvumele ukukhutshwa kwabantu ezindlwini ngokwesigqibo esicalanye.
nokhuseleko lwezentlalo, olubandakanya uncedo olufanelekileyo lwezentlalo, ukuba umntu akanakho ukuzondla, yena nentsapho yakhe.
Urhulumente kufuneka athabathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo omthetho, kunye namanye amanyathelo, kangangokuba enakho, ukuze afezekise ukuthi gqolo kokufumaneka kwelungelo ngalinye kula.
Akukho bani makalelwe nomakanganikwa uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo.
nelokungasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kungquzulwano ngezixhobo, nelokukhuselwa ngamaxesha ongquzulwano ngezixhobo.
Ukulungelwa komntwana yeyona nto iphambili nebalulekileyo kuwo nawuphi na umbandela ophathelelene nomntwana lowo.
Kweli candelo, igama elithi "umntwana" lithetha umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18.
ukuba ithi gqolo ukufumaneka, nokufikeleleka.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokufumana imfundo ngolwimi okanye ngeelwimi zoburhulumente azikhetheleyo, kumaziko karhulumente emfundo, apho loo mfundo inokuqhubeka khona ngendlela efanelekileyo.
nemfuneko yokulungisa iimeko eziziphumo zomthetho wamandulo wocalulo nezenzo zawo.
anomgangatho ongekho ngaphantsi komgangatho wamaziko karhulumente emfundo anjengawo.
Icandelwana (3) alikuvaleli ukubonelelwa ngemali ngurhulumente kwamaziko emfundo azimeleyo.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokusebenzisa ulwimi azikhethela lona, nokuphila ubom ngokwamasiko nezithethe azikhethela wona, kodwa akukho namnye umntu oya kuwasebenzisa la malungelo ngendlela eyaphula nawo nawuphi na ummiselo woXwebhu lwamaLungelo.
baqulunqe, bajoyine, baqhube imibutho namanye amaziko oluntu angokwamasiko nezithethe, ngokwenkolo nangokolwimi lwabo.
La malungelo akwicandelwana (1) makangasetyenziswa ngendlela engangqinelaniyo nawo nawuphi na ummiselo woXwebhu lamaLungelo.
nakulo naluphi na ulwazi olusezandleni zomnye umntu olufunelwa ukuze lusetyenziselwe okanye kukhuselwe nawaphi na amalungelo.
Kufuneka kwenziwe umthetho wesizwe oya kuthi ufezekise eli lungelo, kanjalo ube nokubonelela ngamanyathelo afanelekileyo okuphungula umthwalo wezolawulo nowezemali kurhulumente.
Wonke ubani unelungelo kwisenzo sezolawulo esisemthethweni, esifanelekileyo, nesingenasheyi ngokomgaqo-nkqubo.
Wonke ubani omalungelo akhe athe aphulwa ngenxa yesenzo esithile sezolawulo unelungelo lokuba anikwe izizathu ezibhaliweyo ngeso senzo sezolawulo.
ukhuthaze inkqubo yolawulo esebenza ngokunemfezeko.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokuba nayiphi na imbambano enokusonjululwa ngokusetyenziswa komthetho, kugqitywe ngayo kwingxoxo esesidlangalaleni engenasheyi enkundleni okanye, apho kufanelekileyo, kwelinye iqumrhu okanye iqonga elizimeleyo nelingakhethi cala.
lokuba ekuveleni kwakhe okokuqala enkundleni, emva kokuba ebanjiwe, abekwe isityholo okanye aziswe ngesizathu sokuba luqhubeke uvalelo lwakhe, okanye akhululwe; (f) nelokukhululwa eluvalelweni, ukuba imeko yobulungisa iyavuma, ngokuhambisana nemiqathango efanelekileyo.
nogqirha azikhethele ngokwakhe.
nelungelo lokubhenela kwinkundla engentla, okanye lokuba isigwebo siqwalaselwe kwakhona, yile nkundla.
Nanini na eli candelo lifuna ukuba kunikwe umntu iinkcukacha ezithile, ezo Nkcukacha kufuneka zinikwe ngolwimi alwaziyo loo mntu.
nendlela engabopheleli kakhulu yokufezekisa le njongo.
Ngaphandle kwemimiselo ekwicandelwana (1) okanye nawuphi na omnye Ummiselo woMgaqo-siseko, akukho mthetho unokusikela umda naliphi na ilungelo elikhuselweyo elikuXwebhu lwamaLungelo.
naxa ukumiselwa oko kwayo kuyimfuneko ukuze kubuyiselwe uxolo okanye ucwangco.
ithuba elingadlulanga kwiintsuku ezingama-21 ukususela kumhla womiselo olo, ngaphandle kokuba INdlu yoWiso-mthetho igqiba ekubeni ilongeze ixesha lomiselo. INdibano le, ingalongeza ixesha lokumiselwa kwemo yonxunguphalo, lingagqithi kodwa kwiinyanga ezintathu kwisihlandlo ngasinye. Ukongezwa okokuqala kwexesha lemo yonxunguphalo kufuneka kwenziwe ngokwesigqibo esithathwe ngokuxhaswa yivoti yoninzi lwamalungu eNdlu. Nakuphi na ukongezwa okulandelayo kufuneka kube ngokwesigqibo esithathwe ngokuxhaswa yivoti yamalungu eNdibano angamashumi amathandathu ekhulwini (60%), ubuncinci. Esi sigqibo kubhekiswa kuso kulo mhlathi makufikelelwe kuso kuphela emva kwengxoxo eselubala kwiNdibano leyo.
kwawo nawuphi na umthetho owenziweyo, okanye elinye inyathelo elithatyathiweyo, ngenxa yomiselo lwemo yonxunguphalo.
upapashwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente yesizwe kwamsinyane nje emva kokuwiswa kwawo.
nakuphi na ukunxaxha kwicandelo ngalinye elikhankanywe kuluhlu loku-1 lwesiCwangciso samaLungelo angenakuDlelelelwa, kangangobungakanani bokungadleleleki kwecandelo ngalinye, njengoko buboniswe ngokumelene nelo candelo, kuluhlu lwesi-3 lweso siCwangciso.
ukuba ukuthethwa kwetyala kube nesheyi.
Kufuneka kuqhagamshelwane nomntu omdala ongowakokwabo mvalelwa okanye omdala ongumhlobo wakhe, kwamsinyane kangangoko kunokwenzeka, axelelwe ukuba umntu lowo uvalelwe (ngamapolisa).
Kufuneka kupapashwe isaziso kwiGazethi kaRhulumente yesizwe kwithuba leentsuku ezintlanu eselugcinweni lwamapolisa loo mntu, kuchazwe igama lomvalelwa nendawo avalelwe kuyo futhi kuboniswe iimeko zonxunguphalo avalelwe phantsi kwazo loo mntu.
Umvalelwa kufuneka avunyelwe azikhethele ugqirha, oya kumtyelela ngalo naliphi na ixesha elifanelekileyo.
Umvalelwa kufuneka avunyelwe azikhethele igqwetha, eliya kumtyelela ngalo naliphi na ixesha elifanelekileyo.
Makube kho inkundla eqwalasela olo valelo kwamsinya kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kodwa zingedlulanga iintsuku ezili-10 emva komhla wokuvalelwa kwaloo mntu; inkundla kufuneka imkhulule lowo uselugcinweni lwamapolisa, ngaphandle kokuba kusafuneka evalelwe ukuze kubuyiselwe uxolo nocwangco.
Umntu oselugcinweni lwamapolisa ongakhululwanga ngokohlengahlengiso phantsi komhlathi (e), okanye ongakhululwanga ngokohlengahlengiso oluphantsi kwalo mhlathi, angafaka isicelo nkundleni solunye uhlengahlengiso loko kuvalelwa kwakhe nanini na, emva kokudlula kweentsuku ezili-10 emva kohlengahlengiso lwangaphambili; ke inkundla kufuneka imkhulule umvalelwa lowo ngaphandle kokuba kusafuneka evalelwe ukuze kubuyiselwe uxolo nocwangco.
Umvalelwa kufuneka avunyelwe avele buqu phambi kwayo nayiphi na inkundla eqwalasela uvalelo lwakhe, amelwe ligqwetha koko kuvavanywa kwetyala, nokuba abeke izikhalazo malunga nokuhlala evalelwe.
Urhulumente kufuneka anike inkundla izizathu ezibhaliweyo ezixhasa ukuhlala evalelwe loo mntu, futhi amnike umvalelwa ikopi yezo zizathu, ubuncinane, iintsuku ezimbini phambi kokuba inkundla iqwalasele uvalelo olo.
Ukuba inkundla ithe yamkhulula umvalelwa, loo mntu makangaphindi avalelwe kwangezaa zizathu, ngaphandle kokuba urhulumente athi kuqala anike inkundla izizathu ezivakalayo zokuphinda avalelwe loo mntu.
Icandelwana (6) nelesi (7) awasebenzi kubantu abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika nabavalelwe ngenxa yongquzulwano ngezixhobo phakathi kwamazwe ngamazwe ehlabathi. Endaweni yoko, urhulumente kufuneka athobele imiqathango ebophelela iRiphablikhi phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe wobuntu malunga nokuvalelwa kwabo bantu.
Nabani na odwelisiweyo kweli candelo unelungelo lokwenza isicelo kwinkundla efanelekileyo, ebika ukuba ilungelo elithile elikuXwebhu lwamaLungelo laphulwe okanye libekwe emngciphekweni; inkundla ke ingamnika uncedo olufanelekileyo, kubandakanywa nokumiselwa kwamalungelo.
nombutho omele amalungu awo.
ingathathela ingqalelo nomthetho wobudlelwane namazwe angaphandle.
Xa icacisa nawuphi na umthetho, naxa iphuhlisa umthetho woluntu, okanye umthetho wesintu, inkundla, isigqeba okanye iqonga elithile, kufuneka ikhuthaze umoya, neenjongo zoXwebhu lwamaLungelo.
Uxwebhu lwamaLungelo aluphikisani nobukho bawo nawaphina amanye amalungelo okanye iinkululeko ezaziwayo okanye ezinikwa abantu ngumthetho woluntu, umthetho wesintu okanye umthetho owiswe yindlu yowiso-mthetho kangangoko zihambisana nolu Xwebhu.
KwiRiphablikhi le, urhulumente wenziwe zizigaba zoburhulumente ezahlukeneyo, ezixhomekeke esinye kwezinye, ezikwanxulumene, ezizezi: isigaba sorhulumente wesizwe, esoorhulumente bamaphondo, sorhulumente weengingqi.
Zonke izigaba zikarhulumente kufuneka zilandele, zinamathele kwimigqalisela ekwesi Sahluko zize zenze imicimbi yazo zilawulwa zizikhokelo ezinikwa sesi Sahluko.
nangokuphepha ukuthathelana amanyathelo ezomthetho.
wenze kube kho iindlela ezifanelekileyo nemigaqo-nkqubo ekwanjalo yokwenza lula ukusonjululwa kweembambano eziphakathi kwezigaba zikarhulumente.
Iziko likarhulumente elibandakanyekayo kwimbambano ephakathi kwezigaba zikarhulumente kufuneka lenze iinzame kangangoko zokusombulula imbambano leyo ngeendlela kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo eyenzelwe oko, kwaye kufuneka lizame zonke ezinye iindlela phambi kokuba lize kwinkundla ukuzokusombulula loo mbambano.
Ukuba inkundla ayanelisekanga ukuba imimiselo yecandelwana (3) iphunyeziwe, ingayibuyisela imbambano kuloo maziko karhulumente abeyichophele.
neBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho kunye neBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo zithabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho ngokwendlela ebekiweyo kuMgaqo-siseko.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho inyulelwa ukumela abantu nokuqinisekisa urhulumente ophethwe ngabantu phantsi kwalo Mgaqo-siseko. Ikwenza oku ngokunyula uMongameli, ngokubonelela ngeqonga lesizwe lokuqwalasela imicimbi ngokuphandle, ngokuwisa imithetho nangokuphonononga nangokuba liliso kwinyathelo lokusebenziseka kwemithetho.
IBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo limele amaphondo ukuqinisekisa ukuba imicimbi yamaphondo iyaqwalaselwa kwisigaba sesizwe sikarhulumente. Likwenza oku ikakhulu ngokuthabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho yesizwe nangokubonelela ngeqonga lesizwe lokuqwalasela ngokuphandle imicimbi echaphazela amaphondo.
UMongameli angayibiza iPalamente ukuba ihlangane kwindibano engeyoyesiqhelo ngalo naliphi na ixesha ukuze kuqhutywe umcimbi othile.
Indawo yokuhlangana kwePalamente iseKapa, kodwa uMthetho wePalamente, owenziwe ngokungqinelana necandelo 76(1) no-(5), ungagqiba ukuba le ndawo yokuhlangana kwePalamente ibe kwenye indawo.
kwisigaba seengingqi sikarhulumente lixakathiswe amaBhunga ooMasipala, njengoko kucaciswe kwicandelo 156.
nelokuqwalasela, ngokungqinelana necandelo 75, nawuphi na omnye umthetho ophunyezwe yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
kuthintelwe inyathelo elingafanelekanga elithatyathwe liphondo elithile, nyathelo elo libeka engozini ukulungelwa kwelinye iphondo okanye kwelizwe liphela.
Kusenokuthi xa kufuneka kusetyenziswe ngokufezekileyo igunya elithile elichaphazela umbandela okwiShedyuli 4, kwenziwe umthetho malunga nomcimbi othile, osuke wafuneka kakhulwana okanye wazalwa kuko oku kusetyenziswa kwelaa gunya; loo mthetho uthathwa njengomthetho omalunga nqo nombandela odweliswe kwiShedyuli 4.
Xa isebenzisa igunya layo lezowiso-mthetho iPalamente ibotshelelwe kuphela nguMgaqo-siseko, kwaye kufuneka isebenze ngokungqinelana nawo, futhi ingaphumi kwimida ebekwa nguwo uMgaqo-siseko.
nazo naziphi na iikomiti ezidibeneyo ezisekwe ngokwemigaqo yomhlathi (b).
Amalungu eKhabhinethi, amalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kunye nabathunywa kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo baneenyhweba neemo zokuvikeleka phambi kwekomiti edibeneyo yeNdilu yoWiso-mthetho neBhunga ezifana nezo banazo phambi kweNdibano okanye phambi kweBhunga.
nethi ke ngoko ibangele ukuba abantu bamelwe phantse ngokulinganayo, ngokubanzi.
Kufuneka kubekho umthetho wePalamente omisela indlela yokuqingqa inani lamalungu eNdlu yowiso-mthetho.
Icandelwana (1) litshintshwe licandelo 1 loMthetho weShumi Wokutshintshwa koMgaqo-siseko ka-2003 nalicandelo 1 loMthetho weShumi elineSihlanu Wokutshintshwa koMgaqo-siseko ka-2008.
kwakhe nabani na othe, emva kokusebenza kweli candelo, wafunyaniswa enetyala lokwaphula umthetho wagwetywa ithuba elingaphezulu kweenyanga ezili-12, wavalelwa akwabizwa nefayini, apha kwiRiphablikhi, okanye ngaphandle kweRiphablikhi, xa ngaba isenzo eso sokwaphulwa komthetho besiya kuthathwa njengokwaphulwa komthetho nalapha kwiRiphablikhi, kodwa akukho mntu omakathathwe njengosele egwetyiwe de sibe isibheno malunga nokufunyanwa enetyala, okanye nesigwebo eso, sele siqwalaselwe, okanye lide ixesha lesibheno libe liphelile. Ukungafaneleki phantsi kwalo mhlathi kuphela emva kweminyaka emihlanu eqale emva kokugqitywa kwesigwebo.
Umntu ongafanelekanga ukuba abe lilungu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ngokwecandelwana 1(a) okanye (b) angazigqatsela iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho phantsi kosikelo-mda okanye kwemiqathango emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
uyaphelelwa bubulungu kwiqela awayetyunjwe lilo loo mntu njengelungu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, ngaphandle ke kokuba uye waya kuba lilungu lelinye iqela ngokwezikhokelo zeShedyuli 6A.
Icandelwana (3) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 2 loMthetho Weshumi Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2003 nalicandelo 2 loMthetho Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2008.
Izithuba ezingenabantu kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kufuneka zivalwe ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wesizwe.
Phambi kokuba amalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho aqale ukwenza imisebenzi yawo kwiNdlu, kufuneka afunge okanye enze isingqiniso sokuthembeka kwiRiphablikhi nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokungqinelana noShedyuli 2.
Indlu yoWiso-mthetho inyulelwa ithuba lokusebenza eliyiminyaka emihlanu.
Ukuba iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ichithiwe ngokwecandelo 50; okanye xa kuphela ixesha layo, kufuneka uMongameli athi ngesihlokomiso, abize unyulo, abeke nemihla yalo, ekufuneka lubekho zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-90, ukusuka kulo mhla wokuchithwa kweNdibano okanye wokuphela kwexesha lokusebenza kwayo.
Icandelwana (2) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 1 loMthetho Wesihlanu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1999.
Ukuba iziphumo zonyulo lweNdlu yoWiso-mthetho azibhengezwanga ngeli xesha limiswe ngokwecandelo 190, okanye ukuba unyulo lubekelwe bucala yinkundla, kufuneka uMongameli athi ngesihlokomiso, abize olunye unyulo, abeke nemihla yalo, nyulo olo kufuneka lubekhozingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-90 ukusuka kuloo mhla wokuphela kwelo xesha okanye ukusuka kumhla olwabekelwa bucala ngawo unyulo.
Indlu yoWiso-mthetho ihlala ikulungele ukusebenza ukususela kwixesha lokuchithwa kwayo okanye lokuphela kwexesha layo lokusebenza kude kube lusuku oluphambi kosuku lokuqala lonyulo lweNdibano elandelayo.
iminyaka emithathu sele idlule ukususela ekubeni yanyulwayo iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho le.
iNdlu ayide inyule uMongameli omtsha ngethuba elikwiintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuba sivelile eso sithuba.
Ukuhlangana kweNdlu yoWiso-mthetho okokuqala emva konyulo kufuneka kwenzeke ngexesha nangomhla omiselwe yiJaji eyiNtloko (Chief Justice), kodwa kungabi semva kweentsuku ezili-14 emva kokuba zibhengeziwe iziphumo zonyulo. Indlu yowiso-mthetho ingamisela ixesha lokuhlangana, nobungakanani bamanye amaxesha ayo okuhlangana nawokuthi xha.
Icandelwana (1) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 1 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo ka-2001.
UMongameli angathi abize iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ukuba ize ekuhlanganeni okungesosiqhelo nangaliphi na ixesha, iqwalasele imicimbi eyodwa. Iindibano zeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho zivumelekile ukuba zibe kwezinye iindawo ezingeyiyo le yesiqhelo yokuhlanganela kwePalamente kuphela ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo kuphela: ukulungelwa kukawonke-wonke, ukhuseleko, okanye ukwenza izinto zibe lula, naxa ivumeleka loo nto ngokwemigaqo nemiyalelo yeNdlu.
Ekuhlanganeni kwayo okokuqala emva kokunyulwa, okanye xa kufuneka kuvalwe isithuba, iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kufuneka inyule uSomlomo kunye noSekela-Somlomo wayo, phakathi kwamalungu ayo.
IJaji eyiNtloko kufuneka ongamele ukunyulwa kukaSomlomo, okanye acele enye ijaji ukuba yenze oko. USomlomo yena wongamela unyulo lukaSekela-Somlomo.
Icandelwana (2) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 2 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Umgaqo-nkqubo ocaciswe kwiSahlulo A seShedyuli 3 usebenza ekunyulweni kukaSomlomo noSekela-Somlomo.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho ingamsusa uSomlomo okanye uSekela-Somlomo wayo esikhundleni ngokwesigqibo. Kufuneka sibe kho isininzi samalungu eNdlu xa kuthatyathwa esi sigqibo.
Ngokokwemigaqo nemiyalelo yayo, iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho inganyula phakathi kwamalungu ayo amanye amagosa okongamela ukuncedisa uSomlomo kunye noSekela-Somlomo.
yonke imicimbi ephambi kweNdlu kufuneka igqitywe ngesininzi senani leevoti ezivotiweyo.
lingafaka ivoti enika icala xa isigqibo emasenziwe malunga nomcimbi othile kufuneka sixhaswe yivoti yamalungu eNdibano asisibini kwisithathu, ubuncinane.
UMongameli nalo naliphi na ilungu leKhabinethi okanye uSekela-Mphathiswa ongelolungu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho bangathi, ithathelwe ingqalelo imigaqo nemiyalelo yeNdlu baye, futhi bathethe, kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, kodwa ke bangavoti.
Icandelo 54 lithathelwe indawo licandelo 3 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
iqalise okanye ilungise umthetho, ngaphandle kweMithetho eYilwayo yemali.
nalo naliphi na iziko likarhulumente.
ingamkela uxwebhu lwezibongozo, imibiko yemicimbi ethile okanye imicimbi ebhaliweyo evela kubo nabaphi na abantu abanomdla okanye amaziko anomdla.
ingenza imigaqo nemiyalelo mayela nemicimbi yayo, kodwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo inkqubo yedemokhrasi ebandakanya ilungelo okuba nabameli, nelokuthatha inxaxheba, ukuthembeka, ukwenza izinto elubala, kunye nokubandakanyeka kukawonke-wonke.
nesokuyivuma inkokeli yelona qela likhulu kwaphikisayo kwiNdlu njengeNkokeli yeQela eliPhikisayo.
yayo nayiphi na into ethe yadula ngenxa yayo nayiphi na into ayithethileyo, ayivezileyo, okanye ayingenisileyo, kwiNdibano kanye kuyo nayiphi na kwiikomiti zayo.
Icandelwana(1) lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 4 loMthetho 34 ka-2001.
Ezinye iinyhweba neendlela zokuvikeleka kweNdlu yowiso-mthetho, amalungu eKhabinethi namalungu eNdlu zingamiselwa ngomthetho wesizwe.
Imivuzo, izibonelelo neemfanelo ezihlawulwa amalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ziindleko ngqo zeNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yesizwe, eyiNational Revenue Fund.
nawokwenza ukuba kusetshwe nawuphi na umntu, nawokuthi, apho kufanelekileyo, kungavunywa ukuba umntu angene, nokuba ungubani na, okanye akhutshwe nawuphi na umntu.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho ayinakho ukumvalela uwonke-wonke, kubandakanywa noonondaba, kwintlanganiso yekomiti ngaphandle kokuba kufanelekile futhi kunezizathu ukuyenza loo nto phakathi koluntu olusebenza elubala nolunedemokhrasi.
IBhunga leSizwe lakhiwe ligqiza elinye labathunywa bephondo ngalinye;abathunywa abo bephondo ngalinye bona balishumi.
INkulumbuso yephondo ikhokela igqiza labathunywa bephondo layo; ukuba ke ayikho yona, kukhokela ilungu elityunjwe yiNkulumbuso, elikweli gqiza.
Amaqela amelweyo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo anelungelo lokuba nabathunywa kwigqiza lephondo lawo ngendlela engqinelana nendlela ecaciswe kwiSigaba B seShedyuli 3.
igqibe, ngendlela engqinelana nomthetho wesizwe, ukuba bangaphi na abathunywa beqela ngalinye abaya kuba ngabathunywa abasisigxina nokuba bangaphi abaya kuba ngabathunywa ababodwa; ize; ityumbe abathunywa abasisigxina ngokwamagama aphakanyisiweyo ngamaqela lawo.
ibeke abameli abasisigxina ngokwendlela abatyunjwe ngayo ngamaqela abo.
Umthetho wesizwe ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (2)(a) kufuneka uqinisekise ukuthatha inxaxheba kwamaqela amancinci kuzo zozibini iziqendu ezakha igqiza labathunywa, ezizezi: isiqendu sabathunywa abasisigxina, nesabathunywa ababodwa, ngendlela engqinelana nedemokhrasi.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho, ngokuvumelana kweNkulumbuso kunye neenkokeli zamaqela anelungelo lokuba nabathunywa ababodwa kwigqiza labathunywa lePhondo elo, kufuneka ityumbe abathunywa ababodwa, njengokuba kufuneka kumaxesha ngamaxesha, phakathi kwamalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho.
Umntu otyunjwe njengomthunywa osisigxina kufuneka akufanele ukuba lilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
Ukuba umntu olilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo utyunjwe wangumthunywa osisigxina, loo mntu uyayeka ukuba lilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho.
ngomhla ophambi kokuba luqale ukusebenza unyulo lwabathunywa abasisigxina abanyulwe ngokwezikhokelo zecandelo 61 (2)(b)(ii).
Icandelwana (3) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 2 loMthetho Wethoba Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2008.
akabi kho kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, engenamvume yokungabi kho, kwiimeko apho imigaqo nemiyalelo yeBhunga imisela ukuba umntu owenjenjalo aphulukane nesikhundla sokuba ngumthunywa osisigxina.
Izithuba phakathi kwabathunywa abasisigxina kufuneka zivalwe Ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wesizwe.
Phambi kokuba abathunywa abasisigxina baqalise ukwenza imisebenzi yabo kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, kufuneka bafunge okanye benze isingqiniso sokunyaniseka kwiRiphablikhi nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokungqinelana neShedyuli 2.
IBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo lingalimisela ixesha lokuba neendibano zalo, nobungakanani belo xesha, kwanamathuba alo iBhunga okungahlangani.
UMongameli angalibizela ukuhlala okungesosiqhelo iBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo nangaliphi na ixesha ukuza kwenza umsebenzi owodwa.
Iindibano zeBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo zivumeleke ukuba zibe kwezinye iindawo ezingeyiyo le yesiqhelo yePalamente phantsi kwezi zizathu zilandelayo kuphela: ukulungelwa kukawonke-wonke, ukhuseleko, okanye ukwenza izinto/iimeko zibe lula; nalapho ukuba kwimigaqo nemiyalelo yeBhunga kukho indawo eyivumelayo loo nto.
IBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo kufuneka linyule uSihlalo kunye nooSekela-Sihlalo ababini phakathi kwabathunywa.
USihlalo nomnye waba Sekela-Sihlalo banyulwa phakathi kwabathunywa abasisigxina, benyulelwa ithuba leminyaka emihlanu, ngaphandle kokuba ithuba labo lobuthunywa liphela ngaphambi koko.
Omnye lo uSekela-Sihlalo unyulelwa ithuba lonyaka omnye, kwaye endaweni yakhe kufuneka kungene umthunywa ovela kwelinye iphondo, ukuze onke amaphondo abe nethuba lokumelwa.
IJaji eyiNtloko kufuneka ichophele unyulo lukaSihlalo, okanye ityumbe enye ijaji ukuba yenze oko. USihlalo yena uchophela unyulo looSekela-Sihlalo.
Icandelwana (4) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 5 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Umgaqo-nkqubo ocaciswe kwiSahlulo A seShedyuli 3 usebenza kunyulo lukaSihlalo kunye nooSekela-Sihlalo.
IBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo lingamsusa uSihlalo okanye uSekela- Sihlalo esikhundleni.
Ngokwemigaqo nemimiselo yalo, iBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo linganyula amanye amagosa okongamela ukuze ancedise uSihlalo nooSekela-sihlalo.
yonke imicimbi ephambi kweBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo kuvunyelwana ngayo ngevoti evumayo yamaphondo amahlanu, ubuncinane.
Kufuneka kube kho uMthetho wePalamente owenziwe ngokungqinelana nenkqubo emiselwe licandelwana loku-(1) okanye elesi-(2) lecandelo 76, uMthetho lowo omawunike umgaqo-nkqubo ofanayo eziya kuthi izindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo zilandele wona ukunika igunya kumagqiza azo lokuba amagqiza la avote egameni lazo.
Amalungu eKhabinethi kunye nooSekela baPhathiswa bangaya, futhi bathethe kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, kodwa bangavoti.
IBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo lingafuna ukuba ilungu leKhabinethi, uSekela-Mphathiswa okanye igosa elikwisigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu okanye sephondo, liye kwintlanganiso yeBhunga okanye yekomiti yeBhunga eli.
Abameli abangekho ngaphezu kweshumi, abasebenza ixeshana, abatyunjwe ngurhulumente weengingqi oqingqiweyo, ngokwecandelo 163, ukumela iindidi ngeendidi zoomasipala, bangathabatha inxaxheba xa kuyimfuneko kwiingxoxo zeBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, kodwa bangavoti.
liqalise okanye lilungise uMthetho okwindawo yomsebenzi edweliswe kwiShedyuli 4, okanye omnye uMthetho okhankanywe kwicandelo 76(3), kodwa alingeqalisi okanye lilungise iuMthetho oYilwayo zemali.
lingamkela iipetishini, imibiko yemicimbi okanye imicimbi ebhaliweyo ezisuka kubo nabaphi na abantu abafuna ukuzizisa, okanye amaziko anomdla wokwenjenjalo.
lingenza imigaqo nemiyalelo mayela nemicimbi yalo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo inkqubo yedemokhrasi ebandakanya ilungelo lokuba nabameli nelokuthabatha inxaxheba, ukuthembeka, ukwenza izinto elubala, nokubandakanyeka kukawonke-wonke.
nesokuthi onke amaqela ezopolitiko amancinane amelweyo kwiBhunga eli athabathe inxaxheba kwiingxoxo zalo iBhunga, nezeekomiti zalo, ngendlela engqinelana nedemokhrasi, nanini na kukho umcimbi ekufuneka kwenziwe isigqibo ngawo ngokwecandelo 75.
yayo nayiphi na into ethe yadula ngenxa yayo nayiphi na into abayithethileyo, abayivezileyo, okanye abayingenisileyo kwiBhunga okanye kuyo nayiphi na kwiikomiti zalo.
Ezinye iinyhweba nokunye ukuvikeleka kweBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, nokwabathunywa kwiBhunga nokwabantu abakhankanywe kwicandelo 66 nelama-67, kungamiselwa nguMthetho wesizwe.
Imivuzo, izibonelelo neemfanelo ezihlawulwa amalungu asisigxina eBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo ziindleko ngqo zeNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yeSizwe, iNational Revenue Fund.
nawokulungiselela ukusetshwa kwakhe nawuphi na umntu nokuthi, apho kufanelekileyo, angavunyelwa angene, okanye akhutshwe nawuphi na umntu.
IBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo malingamvaleli uwonke-wonke, kubandakanywa noonondaba, kwintlanganiso yekomiti ethile, ngaphandle kokuba kufanelekile kwaye kukho isizathu zokwenjenjalo kuluntu olungafihlisi nto nolunedemokhrasi.
Nawuphi na uMthetho oYilwayo ungangeniswa kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
uMthetho oYilwayo elungiselela ukuwiswa kwalaa mithetho ichazwe kwicandelo 214.
Icandelwana (3) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 1(b) loMthehto Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
UMthetho oYilwayo okhankanywe kwicandelo 76 (3), ngaphandle koMthetho oYilwayo ikhankanywe kwicandelwana (2) (a) okanye (b) kweli candelo, ungangeniswa kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo.
Icandelwana (3) lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo ngecandelo 1 (b) loMthetho Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Kuphela lilungu okanye ikomiti yeBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo elingangenisa uMthetho oYilwayo kwiBhunga eli.
UMthetho oYilwayo ophunyezwe yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kufuneka isiwe kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, ukuba kufuneka iBhunga liyiqwalasele. IMithetho eYilwayo ephunyezwe liBhunga kufuneka isiwe kwiNdlu.
naliBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, ixhaswe yivoti yamaphondo amathandathu ubuncinane.
naliBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, ixhaswe yivoti yamaphondo amathandathu, ubuncinane.
lutshintsha ummiselo ochaphazela ngqo umcimbi ongowamaphondo.
UMthetho oYilwayo owenza izilungiso kuMgaqo-siseko mawungaquki nemimiselo engezonguqulo zoMgaqo-siseko namicimbi idibene neenguqulo ezo.
ise ezi nkcukacha, ngokwemigaqo nemiyalelo yeBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, kweli Bhunga ukuze kuxoxwe ngazo ngokuphandle, ukuba olu tshintsho lupoposhwayo asilolutshintsho kufuneka luphunyezwe liBhunga eli.
nakuSihlalo weBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, ukuba lutshintsho ekuthethwa ngalo kumacandelwana (1), (2) okanye (3)(b), ukuze azandlale kwiBhunga elo.
yandlÃªlwÃ¨ kwiNdlu, ukuba iNdlu ikwixesha lokungahlangani ngeli xesha ungeniswayo uMthetho oYilwayo lowo.
Ukuba uMthetho oYilwayo ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (3) (b), okanye nayiphi na inxalenye yoMthetho oYilwayo lo, ophathelele kwiphondo elithile okanye kumaphondo athile kuphela, iBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo malingawuphumezi loo Mthetho uYilwayo, okanye loo nxalenye yawo ichaphazelekayo, ngaphandle kokuba uvunyiwe yindlu yowiso-mthetho yelo phondo okanye zizindlu zowiso-mthetho zaloo maphondo uphathelene nawo.
UMthetho oYilwayo owenza izilungiso kuMgaqo-siseko epasisiweyo yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, naliBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, apho lingena khona, kufuneka ithunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze ayivume.
liwukhabe uMthetho oYilwayo.
Ukuba iBhunga liyawuphumeza uMthetho oYilwayo ngaphandle kokuphakamisa utshintsho, uMthetho oYilwayo lowo mawusiwe kuMongameli ukuze awuvume.
igqibe ukuba ingaqhubeli phambili ngoMthetho oYilwayo.
UMthetho oYilwayo ophunyezwe yiNdlu ngokomhlathi (c) kufuneka uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awuvume.
umcimbi kugqitywa ngawo ngesininzi seevoti ezenziweyo, kodwa ukuba kukho inani elilinganayo leevoti kwicala ngalinye lalo mcimbi, umthunywa ochopheleyo kufuneka afake ivoti eyahlulayo.
liyikhabe uMthetho oYilwayo.
Ukuba iBhunga liyawuphumeza uMthetho oYilwayo lowo ngaphandle kotshintsho, uMthetho oYilwayo lowo kufuneka uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
Ukuba iBhunga liphumeza uMthetho oYilwayo onotshintsho, uMthetho oYilwayo lowo unotshintsho kufuneka uthunyelwe kwiNdlu, ukuba iNdlu iyawuphumeza uMthetho oYilwayo lowo utshintshiweyo, kufuneka iuthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
uMthetho oYilwayo lo, ubekwe ngolunye uhlobo.
Ukuba iKomiti eLamlayo ayinakho ukuvumelana noMthetho oYilwayo lo ngeentsuku ezingama-30 ukususela mhla uMthetho oYilwayo weziswa kuyo, uMthetho oYilwayo uyaphelelwa ngaphandle kokuba iNdlu iwuphumeze kwakhona uMthetho oYilwayo, kodwa ngokuxhaswa yivoti yesibini kwisithathu samalungu ayo, ubuncinane.
Ukuba iKomiti eLamlayo ivumelana noMthetho oYIlwayo njengokuba uphunyezwe yiNdlu, uMthetho oYilwayo kufuneka ubhekiswe kwiBhunga; ukuba ke iBhunga liyawuphumeza uMthetho oYilwayo, uMthetho oYilwayo lo kufuneka uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
Ukuba iKomiti eLamlayo iyavumelana neBhili elungisiweyo njengoko ipasiswe liBhunga, uMthetho oYilwayo kufuneka ibhekiswe kwiNdlu; ukuba uphunyezwe yiNdlu, kufuneka ithunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
Ukuba iKomiti eLamlayo ivumelana nolunye uhlobo loMthetho oYilwayo, olo hlobo lulolunye loMthetho oYIlwayo kufuneka luthunyelwe kwiNdlu nakwiBhunga; uze ukuba uphunyeziwe yiNdlu naliBhunga, uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
Ukuba uMthetho oYilwayo obhekiswe kwiBhunga ngokomhlathi (f) okanye (h) ayiphunyezwanga liBhunga, uMthetho oYilwayo uyaphelelwa ngaphandle kokuba yiNdlu ethi iwuphumeze uMthetho oYilwayo lowo, ixhaswa yivoti yamalungu ayo asisibini kwisithathu, ubuncinane.
Ukuba uMthetho oYilwayo obhekiswe kwiNdlu ngokomhlathi (g) okanye (h) awuphunyezwanga yiNdlu, loo Mthetho uYilwayo uyaphelelwa; kodwa laa Mthetho uYilwayo ubukhe waphunyezwa kuqala yiNdlu ingathi kwakhona uphunyezwe yiNdlu, kodwa ixhaswe yivoti yamalungu ayo asisibini kwisithathu, ubuncinane.
UMthetho oYilwayo ophunyezwe ngokwemihlathi (e),(i) okanye (j) kufuneka uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
iwukhabe uMthetho oYilwayo.
UMthetho oYilwayo ophunyezwe yiNdlu ngokomhlathi (a)(i) kufuneka uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
Ukuba iNdlu iphumeza uMthetho oYilwayo otshintshiweyo, uMthetho oYilwayo lowo utshintshiweyo kufuneka uthunyelwe kwiBhunga, uze ukuba iBhunga liyawuphumeza uMthetho oYilwayo lowo utshintshiweyo, wona uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
ivume olunye uhlobo lwalo Mthetho uYilwayo.
Ukuba iKomiti eLamlayo ayinakho ukuwuvuma ngeentsuku ezingama-30 ukususela mhla uMthetho oYilwayo wasiwa kuyo, uMthetho oYilwayo uyaphelelwa.
Ukuba iKomiti eLamlayo iyavumelana noMthetho oYilwayo njengoko uphunyeziwe liBhunga, uMthetho oYilwayo lowo kufuneka ubhekiswe kwiNdlu, ukuba iNdlu iyawuphumeza, uMthetho oYilwayo lowo kufuneka uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
Ukuba iKomiti eLamlayo iyawuvuma uMthetho oYilwayo olungisiweyo njengoko uphunyezwe yiNdlu, uMthetho oYilwayo kufuneka ubhekiswe kwiBhunga, uze ukuba uphunyeziwe liBhunga, uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
Ukuba iKomiti eLamlayo ivuma olunye uhlobo loMthetho oYilwayo, olo hlobo loMthetho oYilwayo kufuneka uthunyelwe kwiBhunga nakwiNdlu, ukuba uphunyezwe liBhunga nayiNdlu, kufuneka uthunyelwe kuMongameli ukuze awamkele.
Ukuba uMthetho oYilwayo obhekiswe kwiNdlu ngokwemihlathi (f)okanye (h) awuphunyezwanga yiNdlu, uMthetho oYilwayo lowo uyaphelelwa.
ekuthethwa ngawo kwiSahluko 13, ochaphazela imicimbi yezemali yesigaba samaphondo sikarhulumente.
Ukuba iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho iqwalasela uMthetho oYilwayo ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (1) (g) okanye (h), loo Mthetho uYilwayo ungaphunyezwa kuphela ukuba isininzi samalungu eNdibano siyayivotela siwamkela.
Ukuba iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho iqwalasela, okanye iyiqwalasela ngokutsha, uMthetho oYilwayo ekuthethwa ngayo kwicandelwana (1) (e), (i) okanye (j) loo Mthetho uYIlwayo ungaphunyezwa kuphela ukuba, ubuncinane, isibini kwisithathu samalungu eNdlu ayawuvotela ewamkela.
Eli candelo alingeni ndawo kwiMithetho eYilwayo yemali.
ugunyazisa iintlawulo ezitsalwa kwiNgxowa yemali yeSizwe eyi National Revenue Fund, ngaphandle kwalaa Mthetho uYilwayo ukhankanywe kwicandelo 214 ugunyazisa iintlawulo ezitsalwa ngqo.
kokugunyazisa iintlawulo ezitsalwa kwiNgxowa yemali yeSizwe eyiNational Revenue Fund.
Yonke iMithetho eYilwayo yemali kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngokomgaqo-nkqubo omiselwe licandelo 75. Kufuneka kubekho uMthetho wePalamente omisela umgaqo-nkqubo wokutshintsha iiBhili zemali ePalamente.
Icandelo 77 lithathelwe indawo licandelo 2 loMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
ikwanomthunywa omnye ovela kulo ngalinye igqiza lephondo elikwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, umthunywa lowo otyunjwe ligqiza akulo.
nangabameli abahlanu, ubuncinane, beBhunga leSizwe.
UMongameli kufuneka awuvume, awusayine uMthetho oYilwayo ophunyezwe ngokwesi Sahluko okanye, ukuba uMongameli unamathandabuzo ngokungqinelana koMthetho oYilwayo noMgaqo- siseko, angawuphindisela kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ukuba iyokuqwalaselwa kwakhona.
Imigaqo nemiyalelo edibeneyo kufuneka imisele umgaqo-nkqubo wokuqwalaselwa ngokutsha koMthetho oYilwayo yiNdlu yoWiso- mthetho nowokuthatha inxaxheba kweBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo kolo qwalaselo.
icandelo 74 (1), (2) okanye (3) (b) okanye icandelo 76 lalisetyenzisiwe ekupasiseni uMthetho oYilwayo lowo.
awuse kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko ukuze kuthatyathwe isigqibo Malunga nokungqinelana kwawo noMgaqo-siseko.
Ukuba iNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko igqiba ekubeni uMthetho oYiwayo uyangqinelana noMgaqo-siseko, uMongameli kufuneka awamkele aze awusayine.
Amalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho angenzela isicelo kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko sokuba iNkundla leyo ikhuphe umyalelo othi uMthetho uwonke, okanye inxalenye yoMthetho wePalamente awungqinelani noMgaqo- siseko.
kufuneka senziwe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 ukususela kumhla athe ngawo uMongameli wawamkela waze wawusayina uMthetho.
kukho ithemba lokuba isicelo singaphumelela.
Ukuba isicelo asiphumelelanga, saye sasingenathuba lihle lokuphumelela, iNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko isengayalela abafaki-sicelo ukuba bahlawule iindleko.
UMthetho oYilwayo owamkelweyo waze wasayinwa nguMongameli uba nguMthetho wePalamente, kwaye kufuneka ipapashwe ngoko nangoko, kwaye iqalisa ukusebenza yakupapashwa okanye ngomhla omiselwe ngokoMthetho lowo.
Ikopi esayiniweyo yoMthetho wePalamente ibubungqina obupheleleyo bemimiselo yaloo Mthetho kwaye, emva kokupapashwa, kufuneka unikwe iNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko ukuze iwugcine kakuhle.
ukwakhuthaza umanyano lwesizwe kwanoko kuya kuthi kuyiqhubele phambili iRiphablikhi.
UMongameli unamagunya awaphathiswe nguMgaqo-siseko kunye nomthetho, kubandakanywa amagunya afunekayo ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi yeNtloko yoMbuso kunye neyentloko yesigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu.
Igunya lolawulo oluphezulu leRiphablikhi lixakathiswe uMongameli.
nokwenza nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi wolawulo omiselwe kuMgaqo-siseko okanye kumthetho wesizwe.
Ekuhlaleni kwayo okokuqala emva kokunyulwa kwayo, kwakunye nanini na xa kufuneka kuvalwe isithuba, iNdlu y oWiso-mthetho kufuneka inyule owasetyhini okanye indoda phakathi kwamalungu ayo ukuba abe nguMongameli.
IJaji eyiNtloko kufuneka ichophele unyulo lukaMongameli, okanye ityumbe enye ijaji ukuba yenjenjalo. Umgaqo-nkqubo ocaciswe kwiSahlulo A seShedyuli 3 kusebenza wona ekunyulweni kukaMongameli.
Unyulo lokuvala isithuba kwisikhundla sikaMongameli kufuneka lubanjwe ngexesha nomhla ogqitywe nguMongameli weNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko, kodwa zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuvela kwesithuba eso.
Icandelwana (3) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 6 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Xa enyulwe njengoMongameli, umntu uyayeka ukuba lilungu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, kwaye kufuneka athi, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu, athabathe isikhundla ngokufunga okanye ngokuvuma ukuthembeka kwiRiphablikhi nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko ngokokweShedyuli 2.
Ixesha lokuba sesikhundleni kukaMongameli liqala ekuthatheni kwakhe isikhundla eso lize liphele xa kuthe kwavela isithuba okanye xa omnye umntu onyuliweyo njengoMongameli ethabatha isikhundla.
Makungabi kho mntu ubamba isikhundla njengoMongameli ngaphezulu kwezihlandlo ezibini; kodwa, xa umntu enyulwe ukuvala isithuba sikhundleni sikaMongameli, ithuba eliphakathi kolo nyulo, nonyulo olulandelayo lukaMongameli alithathwa njengethuba lokuba sesikhundleni.
ukungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wesikhundla.
Nabani na othe wasuswa kwisikhundla sobuMongameli ngokwecandelwana (1)(a) okanye (b) akanakho ukufumana iimfanelo zeso sikhundla, kwaye akanakho ukubamba naso nasiphi na isikhundla eburhulumenteni.
uSomlomo, ide iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ityumbe elinye lamalungu ayo.
UMongameli oBambeleyo unoxanduva, amagunya, nemisebenzi kaMongameli.
Phambi kokuthabatha uxanduva, amandla nemisebenzi kaMongameli, uMongameli oBambeleyo kufuneka afunge okanye avume ukuthembeka kwiRiphablikhi nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokungqinelana neShedyuli 2.
Umntu othe njengoMongameli oBambeleyo wenza isifungo okanye uqinisekiso lokunyaniseka kwiRiphablikhi akukho mfuneko yokuba aphinde enze esinye isifungo okanye olunye uqinisekiso xa ethe waphinda wabamba njengoMongameli ngesi sithuba siphela ukuqala sikhundleni komntu olandelayo ukunyulwa njengoMongameli.
Icandelwana (4) longezwe ngecandelo1 loMthetho Wokuqala Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1997.
IKhabhinethi yakhiwa nguMongameli, njengentloko yeKhabhinethi, uSekela-Mongameli kunye nabaPhathiswa.
UMongameli utyumba uSekela-Mongameli nabaPhathiswa, abanike amagunyanemisebenzi yabo, kwaye unakho ukubagxotha.
angakhetha abaPhathiswa bangabi ngaphezu kwesibini abangengomalungu eNdibano.
UMongameli kufuneka atyumbe ilungu leKhabhinethi libe yinkokeli yemicimbi kaRhulumetne kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
USekela-Mongameli kufuneka amncedise uMongameli ekwenzeni Imisebenzi karhulumente.
USekela-Mongameli nabaPhathiswa bajongene namagunya nemisebenzi yolawuloabayabelwe nguMongameli.
Amalungu eKhabhinethi kufuneka athembeke kwiPalamente ngokudibeneyo okanye ngokomntu ngamnye, malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamandla awo nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yawo.
anike iPalamente iingxelo ezizeleyo nezithe gqolo malunga nemicimbi ephantsi kolawulo lwawo.
namanye aMasekela abaPhathiswa abangenakudlula kwisibini abakhetha kubantu abangengawo amalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, bokuba bancedisane namalungu eKhabhinethi, kwaye usenokubakhupha kwezo zikhundla.
AMasekela abaPhathiswa anyulwe ngokwecandelwana (1) (b) aphendula kwiPalamente ngokwamagunya awasebenzisayo nangokwemisebenzi ayenzayo.
Icandelo 93 lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 7 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-Siseko ka-2001.
Xa kubanjwe unyulo lweNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, iKhabhinethi, uSekela-Mongameli, abaPhathiswa nawo nawaphi na amaSekela abaPhathiswa bahlala bekufanele ukusebenza de umntu onyulwe ukuba abe nguMongameli yiNdibano elandelayo athabathe isikhundla.
Phambi kokuba uSekela-Mongameli, abaPhathiswa nawo nawaphi na amaSekela abaPhathiswa baqale ukwenza imisebenzi yabo, kufuneka bafunge okanye bavume ukuthembeka kwabo kwiRiphablikhi, nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokungqinelana neShedyuli 2.
Amalungu eKhabhinethi kunye namaSekela abaPhathiswa kufuneka baziphathe ngokwendlela yokuziphatha emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
basebenzise izikhundla zabo okanye naluphi na ulwazi olusezandleni zabo besenzela ukutyebisa, okanye ukulungelwa, ngendlela engeyiyo kwakhe nawuphi na omnye umntu.
naliphi na igunya okanye umsebenzi onikwe elinye ilungu ngokomthetho.
UMongameli angaphathisa ilungu leKhabinethi naliphi na igunya okanye umsebenzi welinye ilungu elingekhoyo kweso sikhundla, okanye elingakwaziyo ukusebenzisa elo gunya okanye ukwenza loo msebenzi.
Ilungu leKhabhinethi lingabela naliphi na igunya emalisetyenziswe okanye umsebenzi omawenziwe ngokoMthetho wePalamente kwilungu leBhunga lokuLawula lephondo okanye kwiBhunga likaMasipala.
lwenzeka emva kokwaziswa ngesihlokomiso nguMongameli.
yokuthintela elo phondo ekuthabatheni inyathelo elingafanelekanga elinokudlelelela amathuba okulungelwa kwelinye iphondo okanye kwelizwe ngokubanzi.
Icandelwana (1) lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 2 (b) loMthetho Weshumi Elinanye Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2003.
kufuneka ukuba iBhunga, njengokuba luqhuba nje olo ngenelelo, limana ukuluvandlakanya rhoqo ungenelelo olo, kwaye ke lingenza naziphi na izindululo ezifanelekileyo kwisigqeba esilawulayo sesizwe.
Icandelwana (2) lithathelwe indnawo licandelo 2 (c) loMthetho Weshumi Elinanye Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2003.
Umthetho wesizwe unokuyilawula inkqubo esekwe leli candelo.
Icandelo 100 lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 2 (a) loMthetho 3 ka-2003.
sinemiphumela ephathelele emthethweni.
Isigqibo esibhaliweyo nguMongameli kufuneka sisayinwe kwakhona lelinye ilungu leKhabhinethi ukuba eso sigqibo sichaphazela umsebenzi othile ophathiswe elo lungu leKhabhinethi lilelinye.
Izihlokomiso, imigaqo nezinye iindlela zomthetho owayamileyo kufuneka zibe nokufikeleleka kubantu/nokufunyanwa lula ngabantu.
Ukuba iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ithe, ngevoti exhaswa sisininzi samalungu ayo, yapasisa isindululo sokuphela kokuthenjwa kweKhabhinethi, kungabandakanywa uMongameli, kufuneka uMongameli ayakhe ngokutsha iKhabhinethi.
Ukuba iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ithe, ngevoti exhaswa sisininzi samalungu ayo, yapasisa isindululo sokuphela kokuthenjwa kukaMongameli, uMongameli namanye amalungu eKhabhinethi nawo nawaphi na amaSekela-baPhathiswa kufuneka bazibeke phantsi iintambo.
Imida yamaphondo yileyo yayikho ukuqalisa kokusebenza koMgaqo-siseko yimimandla eboniswe kwiimaphu ezahlukahlukeneyo ekuthethwe ngazo kwiSaziso esidweliswe kwiShedyuli 1A.
Nanini na xa ummandla wephondo usikwa ngokutsha kukutshintshwa koMgaqo-siseko, uMthetho wePalamente usenokutsho amanyathelo okulawula iziphumo ezingokomthetho nezinye ezisenokubakho ezizalwa koko kusikwa ngokutsha kommandla.
Umthetho wePalamente ekucingwa ngawo kwisiqendu (a) usenokwenziwa uze wenziwe usebenze ngaphambi kokuba ukutshintshwa koMgaqo-siseko kuqalise ukusebenza, kodwa nayiphi na imisebenzi yephondo, nempahla yalo, namalungelo alo, neembopheleleko zalo, nemisebenzi yalo okanye amatyala alo, ezo zinto zinokufuduswa ngokweso siqendu kuphela emva kokuba olo tshintsho luqale ukusebenza.
nawokunikela nawaphi na amagunya ayo ezowiso-mthetho kwisiGqeba sikaMasipala esikwelo phondo.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, ngesigqibo esithathwe ngokuxhaswe yivoti yesibini kwisithathu samalungu ayo, ubuncinci, ingayicela iPalamente ukuba itshintshe igama lephondo elo.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ibopheleleke kuphela kuMgaqo-siseko, nakuMgaqo-siseko wephondo layo, ukuba sele iwupasisile, kwaye kufuneka yenze ngokungqinelana nawo, kanjalo isebenze phakathi kwemida yawo uMgaqo-siseko kwanoMgaqo-siseko wephondo elo.
Umthetho wephondo, omalunga nombandela oyimfuneko ngokuvakalayo ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokufezekileyo igunya elithile, okanye omalunga nombandela ozalwa koku kusetyenziswa kweli gunya, gunya elo liphathelele kumbandela odweliswe kwiShedyuli 4, ungumthetho omayela nomcimbi odweliswe kwiShedyuli 4, ngandlela zonke.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ingenza iingcebiso kwiNdlu yoWiso- mthetho ngomthetho omayela nawo nawuphi na umcimbi ongaphandle kwegunya laloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho, okanye ekuthi ngawo umthetho wePalamente ube ngaphezulu kwaloo mthetho wephondo.
nedala ukuba amaqela ezopolitiko akwelo phondo amelwe ngokulungeleleneyo, ngokubanzi.
Icandelwana (1) lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 3 loMthetho Weshumi Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2003 nalicandelo 3 loMthetho Weshumi Elinesine Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2008.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo inamalungu aphakathi kwama-30 nama-80. Inani lamalungu, elinokwahluka phakathi kwamaphondo, kufuneka liqingqwe ngokwendlela emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
nabani na, othe emva kokusebenza kweli candelo, wafunyaniswa enetyala lokwaphula umthetho waza wagwetywa ithuba elingaphezulu kweenyanga ezili-12 esentolongweni, engavunyelwanga ukuhlawula nefayini, nokuba kulapha kwiRiphablikhi, okanye ngaphandle kweRiphablikhi, ukuba isenzo eso sokwaphulwa komthetho besiya kuba kukwaphulwa komthetho kwiRiphablikhi; kodwa, akakho umntu oya kuthathwa njengomntu ogwetyiweyo de sibe isibheno sakhe ngokufunyanwa enetyala okanye ngesigwebo, sele kugqityiwe ngaso, okanye de libe lidlulile ixesha lokwenza isibheno. Ukungafaneleki ngokwalo mhlathi kuphela emva kweminyaka emihlanu sigqityiwe isigwebo eso.
Umntu ongafanelanga ukuba lilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana (1) (a) okanye (b) angazigqatsela unyulo lwendlu leyo yowiso-mthetho, kodwa engalutyeshelanga naluphi na usikelo-mda kunye nemiqathango esekwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
uyaphelelwa bubulungu kwiqela awayetyunjwe lilo loo mntu njengelungu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, ngaphandle ke kokuba uye waya kuba lilungu lelinye iqela ngokwezikhokelo zeShedyuli 6A.
Icandelwana (3) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 4 loMthetho Weshumi Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2003.
Izithuba kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo kufuneka zivalwe ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wesizwe.
Phambi kokuba amalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo aqalise ukwenza imisebenzi yawo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho, kufuneka afunge okanye enze isingqiniso sokuthembeka kwiRiphablikhi nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokungqinelana neShedyuli 2.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo inyulelwa ithuba lokusebenza eliyiminyaka emihlanu.
Ukuba indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ichithwe ngokwecandelo 109, okanye xa kuphelathuba layo, iNkulumbuso yephondo kufuneka ithi, ngesihlokomiso, ibize unyulo, ibeke nemihla yalo; olo nyulo kufuneka lubanjwe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-90, ukusuka kuloo mhla wokuchithwa kwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo okanye wokuphela kwethuba layo lokusebenza. Isihlokomiso esipapasha unyulo nomhla walo usenokukhutshwa ngaphambi okanye emva kokuphela kwexesha lokusebenza lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
Ukuba iziphumo zonyulo lwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo azibhengezwanga lingekapheli ixesha elixelwe kwicandelo 190, okanye ukuba unyulo lumisiwe yinkundla, uMongameli kufuneka athi, ngesihlokomiso, abize olunye unyulo, abeke nemihla yalo; lona kufuneka lubanjwe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-90 ukusuka kuloo mhla wokumiswa konyulo.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ihlala ikulungele ukusebenza ukususela kwixesha lokuchithwa kwayo okanye ukuphela kwethuba layo lokusebenza kude kube lusuku oluphambi kosuku lokuqala lonyulo lwendlu yowiso-mthetho elandelayo.
sekudlule iminyaka emithathu emva kokuba indlu yowiso-mthetho yanyulwayo.
indlu yowiso-mthetho ingakwazi ukunyula iNkulumbuso entsha ngethuba leentsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuba sivelile eso sithuba.
Emva konyulo, indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo kufuneka ihlangane okokuqala ngexesha nangomhla ogqitywe yijaji etyunjwe yiJaji eyiNtloko, kodwa kungadanga kwadlula iintsuku ezili-14 emva kokubhengezwa kweziphumo zonyulo. Indlu yowiso-mthetho ingamisela ixesha nobungakanani bamanye amaxesha ayo okuhlangana nawokuthi xha.
INkulumbuso yephondo ingathi ibizele indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo kwindibano engeyoyesiqhelo nanini na ukuza kwenza umsebenzi owodwa.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ingagqiba okokuba iya kuhlanganela phi na ngokwesiqhelo.
Kwindibano yokuqala emva kokunyulwa kwayo, okanye xa kukho imfuneko yokuvala isithuba, indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo kufuneka inyule uSomlomo kunye noSekela-Somlomo, phakathi kwamalungu ayo.
Ijaji etyunjwe nguMongameli weNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko kufuneka yongamele ukunyulwa kukaSomlomo. USomlomo wongamela unyulo lukaSekela-Somlomo.
Icandelwana (2) lithathelwe indawo licandelo 9 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Umgaqo-nkqubo ocaciswe kwiSahlulo A seShedyuli 3 nguwo osebenzayo ekunyulweni kooSihlalo beNdlu nooSekela-Sihlalo beNdlu.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ingamsusa uSomlomo okanye uSekela-Somlomo esikhundleni ngesigqibo. Isininzi samalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho kufuneka abe khona xa kuthatyathwa esi sigqibo.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ingathi, ngokokwemigaqo nemiyalelo yayo, inyule phakathi kwamalungu ayo amanye amagosa ongamelayo ukuncedisa uSomlomo kunye noSomlomo.
yonke imicimbi ephambi kwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo igqitywa ngesininzi senani leevoti ezikhoyo.
lingafaka ivoti enika icala xa umcimbi kufuneka kugqitywe ngawo ngokuthi uxhaswe yivoti yamalungu ayo asisibini kwisithathu, ubuncinane.
Abathunywa abasisigxina bephondo abakwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo bangaya, futhi bathethe kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yabo nakwiikomiti zayo, kodwa bangavoti. Indlu yowiso-mthetho ingayalela ukuba umthunywa osisigxina aye kwindlu yowiso-mthetho okanye kwiikomiti zayo.
iqalise okanye ilungise umhetho, ngaphandle kweMithetho eYilwayo yemali.
nalo naliphi na iziko likarhulumente lephondo.
ingamkela amaxwebhu ezikhalazo, imibiko yemicimbi okanye imicimbi ebhaliweyo yangeniswa, esuka kubo nabaphi na abantu abafuna ukuza nayo okanye amaziko afuna ukwenjenjalo.
ingenza imigaqo nemiyalelo malunga nemicimbi yayo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo inkqubo yedemokhrasi yokuba nabameli okanye neyokuthabatha inxaxheba, ukuthembeka, ukwenza izinto elubala, kunye nokubandakanyeka kukawonke-wonke.
nesokuvuma inkokeli yelona likhulu iqela eliphikisayo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho, njengeNkokeli yeQela eliPhikisayo.
yayo nayiphi na into ethe yadula ngenxa yayo nayiphi na into ayithethileyo, ayivezileyo, okanye ayingenisileyo, kwindlu yowiso-mthetho okanye nakuyiphi na kwiikomiti zayo.
Ezinye iinyhweba nokuvikeleka kwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo namalungu ayokungamiselwa ngomthetho wesizwe.
Imivuzo, izibonelelo neemfanelo ezihlawulwa amalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ziindleko ngqo zeNgxowa yeMali yePhondo, eyiProvincial Revenue Fund.
nawokusetshwa kwakhe nawuphi na umntu, kanti nokwalelwa ukungena okanye ukususwa kwakhe nawuphi na umntu, apho kufanelekileyo ukwenjenjalo.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ayinakubavalela abantu, kubandakanywa noonondaba, kwintlanganiso yekomiti ngaphandle kokuba kuyafuneka kwaye kufanelekile ukwenjenjenjalo kuluntu olungafihlisi nto nolunedemokhrasi.
Ngamalungu eSigqeba esiLawulayo sephondo okanye ikomiti okanye ilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo kuphela abantu abanokungenisa uMthetho oYilwayo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho; kodwa lilungu leSigqeba esiLawulayo elijongene nemicimbi yezemali kwiphondo kuphela elingangenisa uMthetho oYilwayo wemali kwindlu yowiso-mthetho.
ugunyazisa iintlawulo ezitsalwa kwiNgxowa yeMali yeSizwe eyiNational Revenue Fund, ngaphandle kwalaa Mthetho uYilwayo ukhankanywe kwicandelo 214 ugunyazisa iintlawulo ezitsalwa ngqo.
kokugunyazisa iintlawulo ezitsalwa kwiNgxowa yemali yePhondo eyiProvincial Revenue Fund.
Kufuneka kubekho uMthetho wePhondo omisela umgaqo-nkqubo wokutshintsha uMthetho oYilwayo zemali ePalamente.
INkulumbuso yephondo kufuneka iyamkele, iwusayine uMthetho oYilwayo ophunyezwe yindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngokwesi Sahluko okanye, ukuba iNkulumbuso inamathandabuzo malunga nokungqinelana koMthetho oYilwayo noMgaqo-siseko, iwuthumele uMthetho oYilwayo lowo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ukuba iyokuqwalaselwa kwakhona.
iwuthumele uMthetho oYilwayo kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko ukuze kuthatyathwe isigqibo malunga nokungqinelana kwawo noMgaqo-siseko.
Ukuba iNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko igqiba kwelokuba uMthetho oYilwayo uyangqinelana noMgaqo-siseko iNkulumbuso kufuneka iwamkele ize iwusayine.
Amalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo angenza isicelo kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko somyalelo othi umthetho uwonke, okanye inxalenye yawo umthetho othile wephondo awungqinelani noMgaqo-siseko.
kufuneka senziwe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 ukususela ngomhla iNkulumbuso eyawamkela yaze yawusayina ngawo umthetho.
kukho ithemba lokuba isicelo singaphumelela.
Ukuba isicelo asiphumelelanga, kwaye kwakungekho themba licacileyo lokubasingaphumelela, iNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko ingayalela abo bafake isicelo ukuba bahlawule iindleko.
Umthetho oYilwayo owamkelweyo waze wasayinwa yiNkulumbuso yephondo iba ngumMthetho wephondo; kufuneka upapashwe ngoko nangoko kwaye uqalisa ukusebenza wakupapashwa okanye kumhla omiselwe ngoMthetho lowo.
Ikopi esayiniweyo yoMthetho wephondo ibubungqina obupheleleyo bemimiselo yaloo Mthetho kwaye, emva kokupapashwa, kufuneka unikwe iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ukuze iwugcine kakuhle.
Igunya lolawulo oluphezulu lephondo liphathiswe iNkulumbuso yelo phondo.
nangokwenza nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi ophathiswe isigqeba sephondo elo ngokoMgaqo-siseko okanye umThetho othile wePalamente.
Igunya lolawulo oluphezulu elinalo iphondo nokwecandelwana (2)(b) likangangokuba elo phondo linawo amandla olawulo okuthwala uxanduva ngokufezekileyo. Urhulumente wesizwe, ngenyathelo lezowiso-mthetho kunye namanye amanyathelo, kufuneka ancedise amaphondo ukuphuhlisa amandla olawulo afunekayo ukuze akwazi ukuwasebenzisa ngokufezekileyo amagunya awo, nokwenza ngokufezekileyo imisebenzi yawo exelwe kwicandelwana (2).
Nayiphi na imbambano emalunga namandla olawulo ephondo elithile, okwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi kufuneka ibhekiswe kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo ukuze kuthatyathwe isigqibo ngayo ngeentsuku ezingama-30 ukususela kumhla wokubhekiswa kwayo kwiBhunga elo.
Ukwenziwa komthetho wephondo usebenze kwiphondo ngalinye, ligunya lolawulo oluphezulu lelo phondo lodwa, kodwa elo gunya lilawulwa licandelo 100.
noMgaqo-siseko wephondo ukuba uMgaqo-siseko sele upasisiwe kwiphondo elo.
Ilungu leSigqeba esiLawulayo sephondo kufuneka linike naliphi na igunya ekufuneka lisetyenziswe okanye umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe ngokoMthetho wePalamente, okanye uMthetho wePhondo, kwiBhunga likaMasipala.
luqalisa ukusebenza emva kwesihlokomiso esenziwe yiNkulumbuso.
INkulumbuso yephondo inamagunya nemisebenzi ephathiswe eso sikhundla nguMgaqo-siseko kunye nawuphi na umthetho.
ibize uvavanyo-zimvo kwiphondo ngokungqinelana nomthetho wesizwe.
Kwindibano yayo yokuqala emva konyulo lwayo, nangalo naliphi na ixesha ekufuneka ukuba kuvalwe isithuba, indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngalinye kufuneka ukuba inyule owasetyhini okanye indoda phakathi kwamalungu ayo ukuba ibe yiNkulumbuso yephondo elo.
Ijaji etyunjwe yiJaji eyiNtloko kufuneka ukuba ichophele unyulo lweNkulumbuso. Umgaqo-nkqubo ocaciswe kwiSahlulo A seShedyuli 3 nguwo osebenzayo ekunyulweni kweNkulumbuso.
Icandelwana (2) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 10 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Unyulo lokuvala isithuba esikhundleni seNkulumbuso kufuneka lubanjwe ngexesha nangomhla omiselwe yiJaji eyiNtloko, kodwa kungadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuvela kwesithuba eso.
Umntu oza kuba yiNkulumbuso kufuneka angene kwisikhundla sobuNkulumbuso, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu enyuliwe, ngokufunga okanye ukuvuma ukuthembeka kwiRiphabliki nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokungqinelana neShedyuli 2.
Ixesha leNkulumbuso lokuba sesikhundleni liqala yakungena iNkulumbuso esikhundleni eso, liphele xa kuvele isithuba okanye xa umntu olandelayo onyulwe njengeNkulumbuso ethabatha isikhundla.
Akukho mntu omakabambe isikhundla sobuNkulumbuso izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwezibini; kodwa, xa umntu enyulelwe ukuvala isithuba esikhundleni seNkulumbuso, ithuba eliphakathi kolo nyulo, nonyulo olulandelayo lweNkulumbuso alithathwa njengethuba lokuba sesikhundleni.
ukungabi nakho ukwenza imisebenzi yesikhundla eso.
Nabani na othe wasuswa esikhundleni sobuNkulumbuso ngokwecandelwana (3)(a) okanye (b) akamele kufumana naziphi na iimfanelo zeso sikhundla, futhi akamele kusebenza nakwesiphi na isikhundla sikarhulumente.
USomlomo, ide indlu yowiso-mthetho ityumbe omnye wamanye amalungu ayo.
INkulumbuso eBambeleyo inoxanduva, amagunya, nemisebenzi yeNkulumbuso.
Phambi kokuthabatha uxanduva, amagunya nemisebenzi yeNkulumbuso, iBambela leNkulumbuso kufuneka lifunge okanye livume ukuthembeka kwiRiphabliki nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko ngokungqinelana neShedyuli 2.
ISigqeba sePhondo esiLawulayo sakhiwe yiNkulumbuso, njengentloko yeBhunga, kunye namalungu angekho nganeno kwesihlanu nangekho ngaphezulu kweshumi atyunjwe yiNkulumbuso phakathi kwamalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
INkulumbuso yephondo ityumba amalungu eSigqeba esiLawulayo, inike amagunya nemisebenzi yawo, kanti inakho ukuwagxotha.
Amalungu eBhunga lephondo elinoLawulo oluPhezulu athwele imisebenziyolawulo anikwe yona yiNkulumbuso.
Amalungu eBhunga lephondo elinoLawulo oluPhezulu kufuneka athi ngokuhlangeneyo, nangokomntu ngamnye, athembeke kwindlu yowiso-mthetho malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamagunya nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yawo.
anike indlu yowiso-mthetho iingxelo ezizeleyo nezithe gqolo malunga nemicimbi ephantsikolawulo lwawo.
yiNkulumbuso yindlu yowiso-mthetho elandelayo athabathe isikhundla.
Phambi kokuba amalungu eSigqeba sePhondo esiLawulayo aqale ukwenza imisebenzi yawo, kufuneka afungele okanye avume ukuthembeka kwiRiphabliki nokuthobela uMgaqo-siseko, ngokungqinelana neShedyuli 2.
Amalungu amaBhunga anoLawulo oluPhezulu ephondo kufuneka aziphathe ngokokwendlela yokuziphatha emiselwe ngumThetho wesizwe.
asebenzise izikhundla zawo okanye naluphi na ulwazi olusezandleni zawo ukuba azityebise okanye alungiselele ngendlela engeyiyo nawuphi na omnye umntu.
naliphi na igunya okanye nawuphi na umsebenzi onikwe elinye ilungu ngokomthetho.
INkulumbuso yephondo ingabela ilungu elithile leSigqeba esiLawulayo naliphi na igunya okanye nawuphi na umsebenzi welinye ilungu elingekhoyo kwisikhundla salo okanye elingakwaziyo ukulisebenzisa elo gunya okanye ukuwenza loo msebenzi.
nokuyitshitshisa loo Khansile kaMasipala, lize ke libe linyula umlawuli kude kufike elo xesha kuya kuba kunyulwe iKHansile kaMasipala entsha, xa ngaba iimeko ezimandundu kakhulu zifane inyathelo elinjalo.
kufuneka ukuba iKhansile, njengokuba luqhuba nje olo ngenelelo, imana ukuluvandlakanya rhoqo, kwaye ke ingenza naziphi na izindululo ezifanelekileyo kwisigqeba sephondo esilawulayo,.
utshitshiso lwenzeka kwisithuba seentsulu ezili-14 ukusuka kulaa mhla wokufunyanwa kwesaziso yiKhansile, ngaphandle kokuba siye sabekelwa bucala lilungu leKhabhinethi okanye yiKhansile phambi kokuphela kweziya ntsuku zili-14,.
nokwamkelwa kwamanyathelo okunyuswa kwengxowa ukugcina umasipala lowo eqhuba.
nokwamkelwa kohlahlomali lwewexeshana okanye kwamanyathelo okunyuswa kwengxowa okanye okuphunyezwa kwelo cebo ukugcina umasipala lowo eqhuba.
ukuba ngaba iKhansile kaMasipala ayitshitshiswanga ngokomhlathi (b), siluthathele kulo uxanduva lokusetyenziswa kwelo cebo lokulungisa loo monakalo, apho umasipala lowo engakwazi okanye engade alisebenzise icebo elo.
zingaphelanga iintsuku ezisixhenxe emva kokuba luqalile ungenelelo olo.
Ukuba ngaba isigqeba sephondo esilawulayo asikwazi okanye aside siwasebenzise amagunya aso okanye siwenze lo msebenzi ukhankanywe kwicandelwana (4) okanye (5), isigqeba seziphathamandla ezilawulayo sesizwe kufuneka singenelele ngokwecandelwana (4) okanye (5) endaweni yeso sigqeba sephondo silawulayo sichaphazelekayo.
Umthetho wesizwe ungayilawula le nkqubo imiselwe leli candelo, ubandakanya neenkqubo ezisekwe leli candelo.
Icandelo 139 lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 4 loMthetho 3 ka-2003.
Isigqibo esibhaliweyo seNkulumbuso kufuneka sisayinwe kwakhona lelinye ilingu leBhunga elinoLawulo oluPhezulu ukuba eso sigqibo siphathelele kumsebenzi othile ophathiswe elo lungu lilelinye.
Izihlokomiso, imigaqo, namanye amaxwebhu omthetho owayamileyo wephondo kufuneka zifikeleleke kubantu/zifunyanwe lula ngabantu.
nokwamkelwa kwawo yindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
Ukuba indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, ngevoti exhaswa sisininzi samalungu ayo, iphumeza isindululo sokuphela kokuthenjwa kweBhunga lePhondo elinoLawulo oluPhezulu, kungabandakanywa iNkulumbuso, iNkulumbuso kufuneka yakhe iBhunga ngokutsha.
Ukuba indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, ngevoti exhaswa sisininzi samalungu ayo, iphumeza isindululo sokuphela kokuthenjwa kweNkulumbuso, iNkulumbuso namanye amalungu la eSigqeba esiLawulayo kufuneka bazibeke phantsi iintambo.
Imigaqo-siseko yaMaphondo amacand.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ingaphumeza umgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye, apho kufunekayo, ingawutshintsha umgaqo-siseko wayo, ukuba, ubuncinane, isibini kwisithathu samalungu ayo avotela ukuwuvuma uMthetho oYilwayo wokwenjenjalo.
iziko, indima, igunya newonga lokumkani wemveli, apho kufanele ukuba kwenjwenjalo.
ongaphandle kwamagunya nemisebenzi ephathiswe iphondo ngamanye amacandelo oMgaqo-siseko lo.
Ukuba indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo iye yaphumeza okanye ya tshintsha umgaqo-siseko, uSomlomo wendlu yowiso-mthetho leyo kufuneka athumele itekisi yomgaqo-siseko okanye yotshintsho lomgaqo- iseko kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko ukuze iqiniselwe.
itekisi iphela ithobela icandelo 143.
INkulumbuso yephondo kufuneka iyivume kwaye iyisayine itekisi yomgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye yotshintsho lomgaqo-siseko eye yaqiniselwa yiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko.
Itekisi evunywe yaze yasayinwa yiNkulumbuso kufuneka ipapashwe kwiGazethi kaRhulumente yesizwe kwaye iqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla wokupapashwa okanye ngomnye umhla ozayo, obekwe ngokwaloo mgaqo-siseko okanye utshintsho olo lwawo.
Itekisi esayiniweyo yomgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye wotshintsho lomgaqo-siseko ibubungqina obupheleleyo bemimiselo yawo kwaye, emva kokuba ipapashiwe, kufuneka inikelwe kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko ukuze yona iyigcine ngokukhuselekileyo.
Imithetho ePhikisanayo/eNgquzulanayo amacand.
Eli candelo libhekisa kwimeko yokungangqinelani phakathi komthetho wesizwenomthetho wephondo okwindawo yomsebenzi edweliswe kwiShedyuli 4.
Umthetho wesizwe ujongene nomcimbi ongenakulawulwa ngokufezekileyo ngumthetho owenziwe kwiphondo ngalinye, lilodwa.
kukhuselwe indalo esingqongileyo.
livalela ukwenziwa kwenkqubo-sikhokelo yesizwe yezoqoqosho isebenze.
Xa kukho imbambano malunga nokuthi kufuneka umthetho wesizwe na ukuze kwenzeke into echazwe kwicandelwana (2)(c), ize loo mbambano iziswe enkundleni ukuza kusonjululwa, inkundla leyo kufuneka ikuhloniphe ukuvunywa okanye ukwaliwa komthetho lowo liBhungaleSizwe laMaphondo.
Umthetho wephondo uyawongamela umthetho wesizwe ukuba icandelwana (2) okanye (3) alisebenzi.
Umthetho owenziwe ngokoMthetho wePalamente okanye ngokomthetho wamaphondo unokongamela kuphela ukuba loo mthetho wamkelwe liBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo.
Ukuba iBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo alifikeleli sigqibeni kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-30 lihlangene okokuqala emva kokuba umthetho othile wawusiwe kulo, loo mthetho mawuthathwe, ngokweenjongo zawo zonke, njengothe wamkelwa liBhunga eli.
Ukuba iBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo aliwamkeli umthetho ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (6), kufuneka, ngeentsuku ezingama-30 lisenzile isigqibo salo, lixele izizathu zokungawamkeli loo mthetho, lizixele kwelo gunya beliwuthumele kulo umthetho lowo.
umcimbi okwindawo yomsebenzi edweliswe kwiShedyuli 4, icandelo 146 liyasebenza njengokungathi lo mmiselo uchaphazelekayo woMgaqo-siseko wephondo ungumthetho wephondo ekubhekiselwe kuwo kwelo candelo.
Umthetho wesizwe oxelwa kwicandelo 44 (2) uyawongamela umthetho wephondo ngokumayela nemicimbi ekwiindawo zemisebenzi ezidweliswe kwiShedyuli 5.
Ukuba ukungavisisani okuzalwa lungquzulwano akunakusonjululwa yinkundla, umthetho wesizwe uyawongamela umthetho wephondo okanye umgaqo-siseko wephondo.
Isigqibo senkundla sokokuba umthetho othile uwongamele omnye umthetho asiwenzi ubeyinto engekhoyo loo mthetho wonganyelweyo, koko loo mthetho wona uba ngongasebenziyo logama ungquzulwano lusekhoyo.
Xa kuqwalaselwa ungquzulwano olungathi lukho phakathi komthetho wesizwe nowephondo, okanye phakathi komthetho wesizwe nomgaqo-siseko wephondo, zonke iinkundla kufuneka zikhethe naluphi na uchazo olufanelekileyo lomthetho lowo okanye lomgaqo-siseko lowo, chazo olo luluphephayo ungquzulwano, endaweni yochazo olulolunye olubangela ungquzulwano.
ULAWULO LWEEDOLOPHU amacand.
Isigaba seengingqi sikarhulumente sakhiwe ngoomasipala, ekufuneka basekwe kummandla wonke weRiphablikhi.
Igunya lolawulo nelowiso-mthetho likamasipala liphathiswe iBhunga likaMasipala lowo.
Umasipala unelungelo lokulawula, ngokuzibonela, imicimbi yoburhulumente beengingqi yabantu bakhe, kodwa ephantsi komthetho wesizwe nowephondo, njengoko kumiselweyo kumGaqo-siseko.
Urhulumente wesizwe okanye owephondo abasayi kuchitha okanye bathintele amandla okanye ilungelo likamasipala lokusebenzisa amagunya akhe okanye lokwenza imisebenzi yakhe.
ukukhuthaza kuthatha inxaxheba koluntu kunye nemibutho yoluntu kwimicimbi yorhulumente weengingqi.
athathe inxaxheba kwiiprogramu zophuhliso zesizwe nezephondo.
Urhulumente wesizwe noorhulumente bamaphondo kufuneka bathi, ngamanyathelo owiso-mthetho kunye nangamanye, kufuneka baxhase, baqinise amandla oomasipala okuziphathela imicimbi yabo, nawokusebenzisa amagunya abo, nokwenza imisebenzi yabo.
UmThetho osaqulunqwayo worhulumente wesizwe okanye wephondo ochaphazela inqanaba, amaziko, amagunya okanye imisebenzi yorhulumente weengingqi kufuneka upapashwe ukuze uhlalutywe ngokuphandle, phambi kokuba usiwe ePalamente okanye kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, loo nto (yokupapashwa) yenziwe ngendlela eya kwenza ukuba urhulumente weengingqi oqingqekileyo, oomasipala, nabanye abantu abafunayo, babe nethuba lokuya kuzithethela malunga naloo mthetho usaqulunqwayo.
uDidi C: Umasipala onegunya elilelakhe yedwa lolawulo oluphezulu nelowiso-mthetho kwingingqi ebandakanya omnye umasipala okanye abanye oomasipala.
Kufuneka umThetho wesizwe uchaze iintlobo zoomasipala ezinokumiselwa phakathi kodidi ngalunye.
uthi uthobela icandelo 229, wenze indlela yokwahlula-hlulwa okufanelekileyo kwamagunya nemisebenzi phakathi koomasipala apho ingingqi inoomasipala bazo zombini uDidi B noDidi C. Ulwahlula-hlulo lwamagunya nemisebenzi phakathi komasipala woDidi B nomasipala woDidi C lusenokungafani nolo luphakathi komnye umasipala woDidi B nalo masipala woDidi C mnye.
Lo mthetho kubhekiswa kuwo kwicandelwana (3) kufuneka uyithathele ingqalelo imfuneko yokuba kubonelelwe ngeenkonzo zikamasipala ngendlela elinganayo.
Umthetho wephondo kufuneka uqondisise iintlobo ezahlukileyo zoomasipala emazimiselwe kwiphondo elo.
akhuthaze ukuphuhliswa kwamandla karhulumente weengingqi ukwenzela ukuba oomasipala bakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo nokuphatha imicimbi yabo.
ulungiselele nokubekwa ngokutsha kwemida kamasipala apho elinye iphondo kula maphondo achaphazelekayo liyirhoxisa inkxaso yalo yomda obekwe ngokomhlathi (a).
Icandelwana (6A) lifakelwe ngcandelo 1 loMthetho Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1998.
Urhulumente wesizwe, elawulwa licandelo 44, noorhulumente bamaphondo banegunyalowiso-mthetho nelolawulo oluphezulu lokwenza ukuba oomasipala bayenze ngokufezikileyo imisebenzi yabo mayela nemicimbi edweliswe kwiShedyuli 4 neyesi-5, ngokuthi balawule ukusebenzisa koomasipala elabo igunya lolawulo oluphezulu elixelwe kwicandelo 156 (1).
nawo nawuphi na omnye umcimbi owabelwe okanye othunywe yena ngumthetho wesizwe okanye wephondo.
Umasipala angenza, aze asebenzise izinxuluma-mthetho ukuze kube kho ulawulo olunemfezeko lwemicimbi anelungelo lokuyilawula.
Phantsi kwemimiselo yecandelo 151(4), isinxuluma-mthetho esiphikisanayo nomthetho wesizwe okanye wephondo asinamandla okusebenza. Ukuba kukho ungquzulwano phakathi kwesinxuluma-mthetho nomthetho wesizwe okanye wephondo ongasebenziyo ngenxa yokuba kukho ungquzulwano oluchazwe kwicandelo 149, isinxuluma-mthetho kufuneka sithatyathwe njengesisebenzayo ngelo thuba umthetho lowo ungasebenziyo ngalo.
umasipala lowo unawo amandla okuwenza.
Umasipala unelungelo lokusebenzisa naliphi na igunya mayela nawo nawuphi na umbandela oyimfuneko okanye ozalwa koko kwenziwa ngokunemfezeko kwemisebenzi yakhe.
amalungu anyulwe ngokomhlathi (a) kunye namalungu anyulwe ngokomhlathana (i) walo mhlathi.
Icandelwana (1) lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 1 (a) loMthetho Wesibhozo Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2002.
yokumelwa ngokolungelelwano njengoko kuchazwe kumhlathi (a), nkqubo leyo idityaniswe nenkqubo yokumelwa ngokweengingqana/ngokweewadi, esekwe kuluhlu lwabavoti kwiwadi nganye, abakhoyo, kwicandelo laloo masipala, kuluhlu lwabavoti olunye lwesizwe.
Inkqubo yonyulo elandelwe ngokwecandelwana (2) kufuneka, isikakhulu, ibe neziphumo ezibonisa umelo ngokwenani leevoti.
Icandelwana (3) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 1 (b) loMthetho Wesibhozo Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2002.
Ukuba inkqubo yonyulo ibandakanya umelo ngokokweewadi, ukwahlulwa-hlulwa kweewadi kufuneka kwenziwe ligunya elizimeleyo elityunjwe, futhi lisebenza ngokwemigaqo-nkqubo neempawu ezibekwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
apho umda kamasipala ubekwe ngokwecandelo 155. (6A), iwadi ebekwe ngaphakathi kwaloo mda kamasipala akufanelekanga ukuba mayinabele nangaphaya komda wephondo elichaphazelekayo.
Icandelwana (4) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 2 loMthetho Wesithathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1998.
Umntu angavota kumasipala kuphela ukuba loo mntu ubhaliswe kwicandelo laloo masipala kuluhlu lwabavoti olunye lwesizwe.
Umthetho wesizwe ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (1) (b) kufuneka useke inkqubo eyenza ukuba amaqela neemeko zokulungelwa kwawo ezikhoyo kuloo Khansile kaMasipala ityumbela amalungu ayo kwenye, amelwe, neemeko ezo zimelwe, ngokungenasheyi kuloo Khansile kaMasipala kutyunjelwa kuyo amalungu.
kwelungu lelinye iKhansile kaMasipala; kodwa oku kungafaneleki akusebenzi kwilungu leKhansile kaMasipala emele loo Khansile kwenye iKhansile kaMasipala yodidi olwahlukileyo.
Umntu ongafanelekanga ukuba abe lilungu leKhansile kaMasipala ngokwamacandelwana (1) (a) (b), (d) okanye (e) angangumvotelwa weKhansile leyo, phantsi kwalo naluphi na usikelo-mda okanye kwayo nayiphi na imiqathango emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
Izithuba zomsebenzi ezikhoyo kwiBhunga likaMasipala mazivalwe ngokwemithetho yepalamente yelizwe.
Ithuba lokuqhuba ukusebenza kweBhunga likaMasipala alingebi ngaphezulu kweminyaka emihlanu, njengoko kumiselwe ngumThetho wesizwe.
Ukuba ngaba iKhansile kaMasipala itshitshisiwe ngokomthetho wesizwe, okanye xa ixesha layo lifike esiphelweni, kufuneka kubanjwe unyulo zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-90 ukusukela kulaa mhla wokutshitshiswa kwayo iKhansile leyo okanye ukusukela kulowa wokuphela kwexesha layo.
Ikhansile kaMasipala, engeyiyo iKhansile eye yatshitshiswa emva kongenelelo ngokwecandelo le-139, ihlala inalo igunya lokwenza umsebenzi wayo ukusukela kwixesha lokutshitshiswa kwayo okanye kwixesha lokuphelelwa kwayo, kude kube kunyulwe iKhansile entsha, yaziswa njengebekiweyo.
Icandelo 159 lithathelwa indawo licandelo 1 loMthetho Wesibini Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1998.
Umhla wokuqalisa komhlathi (b) : 30 Juni 1997.
linganyula ikomiti enolawulo oluphezulu nezinye iikomiti, lithobela umthetho wesizwe; kanjalo (d) lingaqesha abasebenzi abafunekayo ukuze imisebenzi yalo yenziwe ngokufezekileyo.
Kufuneka kube kho uninzi lwamalungu eKhansile kaMasipala phambi kokuba kuvotelwe nawuphi na umcimbi.
Yonke imiba emalunga nemicimbi ekhankanywe kwicandelwana (2) iqondisiswa ngesigqibo esithathwe yiKhansile kaMasipala esixhaswe yivoti yoninzi lwamalungu ayo.
Yonke eminye imiba ephambi kweKhansile kaMasipala yenzelwa izigqibo ngesininzi seevoti ezivotiweyo.
eso sinxuluma-mthetho sipoposhwayo siye sapapashwa ukuze sihlalutywe (/sicikidwe) ngokuphandle.
nobungakanani bekomiti enolawulo oluphezulu okanye nobayiphi na enye ikomiti yeKhansile kaMasipala ethile.
nokusekwa, nokwakhiwa kweekomiti zalo, kwakunye nemigaqo-nkqubo, amagunya nemisebenzi yezi komiti.
Ikhansile kaMasipala kufuneka liqhube imicimbi yalo ngendlela engafihli nto, lize lizivale iintlanganiso zalo, okanye ezo zeekomiti zalo, kuphela xa kufanelekileyo ukuba kwenjwenjalo, xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo uhlobo lwengxaki leyo kuhlangenwe ngayo.
ibe nokulawulwa ngumthetho wesizwe.
Umthetho wephondo osebenza ngokwesikhokelo somthetho wesizwe ungamisela iinyhweba nokuvikeleka kwamaBhunga ooMasipala kunye namalungu awo.
Isinxuluma-mthetho sikamasipala singasetyenziswa kuphela emva kokuba sipapashiwe kwigazethi yaseburhulumenteni yelo phondo akulo umasipala lowo.
Igazethi karhulumente yephondo kufuneka ipapashe isinxuluma-mthetho sikamasipala ngesicelo sikamasipala.
Izinxuluma-mthetho zikamasipala kufuneka zifikeleleke kuluntu.
nanokuthatha ngazo inxaxheba kule nkqubo ibekwa ngumthetho wesizwe njengoko kuchazwa kwicandelo 221 (1)(c).
Icandelo 163(b) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 4 loMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Nawuphi na umcimbi omalunga norhulumente weengingqi ongaqwalaselwanga kuMgaqo-siseko ungamiselwa ngumthetho wesizwe okanye ngumthetho wephondo phantsi kwesikhokelo somthetho wesizwe.
IINKUNDLA NOSETYENZISO LOBULUNGISA amacand.
Igunya lezomthetho kwiRiphablikhi liphathiswe iinkundla zomthetho.
Iinkundla zizimele, zilawulwa kuphela ngumGaqo-siseko nomthetho, ekufuneka ziwusebenzisile ngokungakhethi cala, nangaphandle koloyiko, nokuba nedolo, okanye nokudlel'indlala.
Akukho mntu okanye ziko loburhulumente livumelekileyo ukuphazamisana nokusebenza kweenkundla.
Amaziko karhulumente, ngamanyathelo ezowiso-mthetho kwakunye namanye amanyathelo, kufuneka azincedise, azikhusele iinkundla, ukuqinisekisa ukuzimela, ukungakhethi cala, isidima, ukufikeleleka, nokusebenza ngokufezekileyo kweenkundla.
Umyalelo okanye isigqibo esikhutshwe yinkundla sibophelela bonke abantu kunye namaziko karhulumente obhekisa/ esibhekisa kubo/kuwo.
IiNkundla eziPhezulu, kubandakanywa nayo nayiphi na inkundla ephezulu yezibheno engathi isekwe nguMthetho wePalamente ukuze imamele izibheno ezivela kwiiNkundla eziPhezulu.
nayiphi na enye inkundla esekwe okanye evunywe ngokoMthetho wePalamente, kubandakanywa nayiphi na inkundla ekwinqanaba elifanayo neleeNkundla eziPhezulu okanye eleeNkundla zooMantyi.
INkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko ineJaji eyiNtloko, iJaji eliSekela-Ntloko kunye nezinye iijaji ezilithoba.
Icandelwana (1) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 11 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Umcimbi ophambi kweNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko kufuneka umanyelwe ziijaji ezisibhozo ubuncinane.
yenza isigqibo ekungadlulwayo kuso malunga nokuthi umcimbi othile ngowoMgaqo-siseko kusini na, okanye nokuthi umbandela othile udibene na nesigqibo esimalunga nomcimbi woMgaqo-siseko.
iqinisele uMgaqo-siseko wephondo ngokwecandelo 144.
INkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko yenza isigqibo ekungenakudlulwa kuso malunga nokuthi umthetho othile wePalamente, okanye uMhetho wePhondo okanye isenzo sikaMongameli singokoMgaqo-siseko, yaye kufuneka iqinisekise nawuphi na umyalelo wokungabi nakusebenza owenziwe yiNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, iNkundla ePhezulu okanye inkundla ekwinqanaba elifana nelezi nkundla, phambi kokuba loo myalelo ube unawo nawaphi na amandla okusebenza.
abe nokubhenela ngqo kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko, ukusuka kuyo nayiphi na inkundla.
Umcimbi wezoMgaqo-siseko ubandakanya nawuphi na umbandela odibanisa ukutolikwa, ukukhuselwa, okanye ukwenziwa usebenze koMgaqo-siseko.
Icandelwana (1) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 12 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Umcimbi ophambi kweNkundla ePhakamileyo yeZibheno kufuneka ugqitywe ziijaji ezilinani elimiselwe ngokoMthetho wePalamente.
Icandelwana (2) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 12 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
INkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno ingenza izigqibo ngezibheno kuwo nawuphi na umcimbi.
nawuphi na omnye umbandela ongathi uthunyelwe kuyo phantsi kweemeko ezichazwe nguMthetho wePalamente.
nangawo nawuphi na umbandela ongaphathiswanga enye inkundla nguMthetho wePalamente.
IiNkundla zooMantyi nazo zonke ezinye iinkundla zingagqiba ngawo nawuphi na umbandela omiselwe nguMthetho wePalamente, kodwa inkundla enqanaba layo lingaphantsi kweleNkundla ePhezulu ayinakho ukuphanda okanye igwebe ngokungqinelana noMgaqo-siseko kwawo nawuphi na umthetho okanye nasiphi na isenzo sikaMongameli.
Zonke iinkundla zisebenza ngokomthetho wesizwe, kwaye imigaqo neenkqubo zazo kufuneka zimiselwe ngokomthetho wesizwe.
nomyalelo onqumamisa ukuvakaliswa kokungabi nakusebenza ngalo naliphi na ithuba, naphantsi kwayo nayiphi na imiqathango, ukuvumela elo gunya lifanelekileyo ukuba lilungise eso siphene.
uqinisekiswe yiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko.
Inkundla eyenza umyalelo wokungabi nakusebenza ngokoMgaqo-siseko inganika umyalelo onqandayo wexeshana okanye olunye uphumzo lwexeshana kwiqela elithile, okanye ingamisa ukuxoxwa kwetyala, lo gama kusajongwe isigqibo seNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko malunga nokungabi nakusebenza kwaloo mthetho okanye kweso senzo.
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka umisele indlela yokubhekiswa kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko, komyalelo wokungabi nakusebenza ngokoMgaqo-siseko.
Nawuphi na umntu, okanye naliphi na iziko likarhulumente, onomdla ngokwaneleyo angafaka isibheno, okanye enze isicelo, kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko, ngqo ukuqinisekisa, okanye ukuphikisa, umyalelo wokungabi nakusebenza ngokoMgaqo-siseko, owenziwe yinkundla ngokweli candelwana.
INkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko, iNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, kunye neeNkundla eziPhezulu, zinamagunya emvelo okukhusela nokuzilawulela inkqubo yazo, nokuphuhlisa umthetho woluntu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iinjongo zobulungisa.
ongumntu okulungeleyo nogqibeleleyo angatyunjwa abe ligosa lezeejaji. Nawuphi na umntu oza kutyunjelwa kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko kufuneka abe ngummi woMzantsi Afrika.
Imfuneko yokuba kwezeejaji kubonakaliswe ngokubanzi ubukho babantu abahlukileyo ngokweentlanga ngeentlanga, nangokwesini, apha eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kutyunjwa amagosa ezeejaji.
Icandelo (3) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 13 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-sisekoka-2001.
IKhomishini yeNkonzo yezeeJaji kufuneka ilungise uludwe lwabantu abakhethiweyo, oludlule ngamagama amathathu kwinani labantu abaza kutyunjelwa izikhundla, ize ilunike uMongameli uludwe olo.
UMongameli angatyumba abantu abakolu ludwe; kufuneka ke ayazise iKhomishini yeNkonzo yezeeJaji, enika izizathu, ukuba kukho abantu abakolo ludwe, abangamkelekiyo, nokuba ingaba kusafuneka kutyunjiwe.
IKhomishini yeNkonzo yezeeJaji kufuneka yongeze amanye amagama abantu abakhethiweyo kolu ludwe, aze ke uMongameli enze utyumbo olusaseleyo, esebenzisa olo ludwe longeziweyo.
Icandelwana (4) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 13 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Ngalo lonke ixesha amalungu eNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko amane, ubuncinane, kufuneka ibe ngabantu ababeziijaji ngexesha lokutyunjelwa kwabo kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko.
UMongameli kufuneka atyumbe iijaji zazo zonke ezinye iinkundla, ngokucetyiswa yiKhomishini yeNkonzo yezeeJaji.
Amanye amagosa ezeeJaji kufuneka atyunjwe ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho wePalamente, omawuqinisekise ukuba utyumbo, unyuselo, ukutshintshwa, nokugxothwa kwala magosa ezeeJaji, namanyathelo esohlwayo athathwayo ngakuwo, kwenzeka ngokungenamkhethe nangokungawadleli ndlala.
Phambi kokuba amagosa ezeeJaji aqalise ukwenza umsebenzi wawo, kufuneka ukuba afunge, okanye angqinise ngokungqinelana noShedyuli 2 ukuba aya kuwugcina, awukhusele uMgaqo-siseko.
UMongameli angatyumba umntu wasetyhini okanye oyindoda ukuba abe libambela lejaji kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko ukuba kukho isikhewu, okanye ukuba kukho ijaji engekhoyo. Olo tyumbo kufuneka lwenziwe ngengcebiso yelungu leKhabhinethi elijongene nolawulo lwezobulungisa, likwenza oko ngokuvumelana neJaji eyiNtloko.
Icandelwana (1) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 14 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Ilungu leKhabhinethi elijongene nolawulo lwezobulungisa kufuneka lityumbele iijaji ezibambeleyo kwezinye iinkundla emva kokucebisana nejaji enkulu yaloo nkundla ibambela lejaji liya kusebenza kuyo.
Ijaji yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ityunjelwa ithuba elingahlaziywayo leminyaka eli-12, okanye xa iye kufika kwiminyaka engama-70 ubudala, ngokwaleyo ifike kuqala, ngaphandle kwalapho kukho uMthetho wePalamente olandisayo ixesha lokubamba isikhundla kwiNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko.
Icandelwana (1) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 15 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Ezinye iijaji zibamba isikhundla de zikhutshwe ekusebenzeni ngokoMthetho wePalamente.
Imivuzo, izibonelelo neemfanelo ezifunyanwa ziijaji azinakuncitshiswa.
iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ithi ijaji leyo mayisuswe, ngesigqibo esixhaswa, ubuncinane, sisibini esithathwini senani lawo onke amalungu ayo.
UMongameli kufuneka ayisuse ijaji esikhundleni emva kokuthathwa kwesigqibo sokuba loo jaji mayisuswe.
Isiqendu (b) sithathelwa indawo licandelo 16 (a) loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Isiqendu (k) sithatyathelwa indawo licandelo 2(a) loMthetho Wesibini Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1998 nalicandelo 16(b) loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Ukuba inani labantu abakhethwe phakathi kwabathetheli okanye kwamagqwetha ngokwecandelwana (1) (e) okanye (f) lilingana nenani lezithuba emazizaliswe, uMongameli kufuneka atyumbe bona. Ukuba inani labantu abakhethiweyo liyalidlula inani lezithuba emazizaliswe, uMongameli, emva kokucebisana naloo mbutho wobungcali-mfundo, kufuneka atyumbe abakhethiweyo abaneleyo ukuba bazalise izithuba ezo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imfuneko yokuqinisekisa ukuba abo batyunjiweyo bamele elo khondo lobungcali-mfundo lilonke.
Amalungu eKhomishini atyunjwe liBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo asebenza kude kufakwe amanye kunye endaweni yawo okanye kude kuvele nasiphi na isithuba phakathi kwawo. Amanye amalungu awaye alathethwe okanye awayetyunjelwe kwiKhomishini asebenza ade asuswe ngabobabewatyumbile, kufakwe amanye endaweni yawo.
IKhomishini yeNkonzo yezeeJaji inamagunya nemisebenzi abelwe yona kuMgaqo-siseko nakumthetho wesizwe.
IKhomishini yeNkonzo yezeeJaji ingamcebisa urhulumente wesizwe ngawo nawuphi na umcimbi ophathelele kwiijaji okanye usetyenziso lwezobulungisa; kodwa xa iqwalasela nawuphi na umcimbi, ngaphandle kokutyunjwa kwejaji, kufuneka ihlale engekho laa malungu atyunjwe ngokokwecandelwana (1) (h) no (i).
IKhomishini yeNkonzo yezeeJaji ingamisela umgaqo-nkqubo wayo, kodwa izigqibo zeKhomishini kufuneka zixhaswe luninzi lwamalungu ayo.
Ukuba ngaba iJaji eyiNtloko okanye uMongameli weNkundla ePhakamileyo yeZibheno unexeshana angakwaziyo ngalo ukusebenza kwiKhomishini le, iJaji enguSekela-Ntloko okanye uSekela-Mongameli weNkundla ePhakamileyo yeZibheno, ungena kuloo indawo njengelalela.
Icandelwana. (7) longezelelwe ngecandelo. 2 (b) loMthetho Wesibini Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1998 nangecandelo 16 (c) loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
UMongameli kunye nabantu abanyula, okanye abatyumba okanye ababeka amalungu eKhomishini ngokwecandelwana (1) (c) , (e) , (f) nele-(g) , basenokuthi, kwangolu hlobo lunye, banyule okanye batyumbe ookanye babeke ilalela lelungu ngalinye kuloo malungu, ukuba lisebenze apha kwiKhomishini ixeshana, xa ilungu elo linexeshana elingakwaziyo ngalo ukusebenza kwiKhomishini le ngenxa yempilo okanye ukungabikho apha kwiRiphalikhi, okanye ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu esivakalayo.
Icandelwana (8) longezelelwe ngecandelo 2(b) loMthetho Wesibini Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1998.
naBalawuli kwezoTshutshiso lwabaNtu kunye nabatshutshisi njengoko kumiselwe nguMthetho wePalamente.
likarhulumente, kwanawokuqhuba nayiphi na imisebenzi eyimfuneko ezalwa kukumisela utshutshiso lo.
bajongene nokutshutshisa kwimiba ethe ngqo yokuxoxwa kwamatyala, ngokwecandelwana (5).
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba igunya elitshutshisayo lenza imisebenzi yalo ngaphandle koloyiko, ukwenza idolo, okanye ukudlela indlala.
kufuneka amisele inkqubo-sikhokelo yokutshutshisa ekufuneka ilandelwe kwinkqubeko yokutshutshisa; kufuneka akwenze oku ngemvumelwano nelungu leKhabhinethi elijongene nolawulo lwezobulungisa, nasemva kokucebisana naBalawuli boTshutshiso lwabaNtu.
Nawuphi na omnye umntu okanye iqela uMlawuli weSizwe wezoTshutshiso acinga ukuba ufanelekile.
Ilungu leKhabinethi elijongene nolawulo lwezobulungisa kufuneka libe nelizwi eligqibelayo phezu kwegunya elitshutshisayo.
Yonke eminye imicimbi malunga negunya elitshutshisayo kufuneka imiselwe ngomthetho wesizwe.
AMAZIKO KARHULUMENTE AXHASA IDEMOKHRASI ENGOKOMGAQO-SISEKO amacand.
Ikhomishini yaMalungelo oLuntu yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Umhlathi (b) wenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 4 loMthetho 65 ka-1998.
IKhomishini yokuKhuthazwa nokuKhuselwa kwamaLungelo abaNtu ngokwamaSiko neziThethe zabo, ngokwezeNkolo nangokweeLwimi.
IKhomishini yoLingano ngokwesiNi (phakathi kwabantu basetyhini nabangamadoda).
La maziko azimele, alawulwa kuphela nguMgaqo-siseko nangumthetho; kufuneka angakhethi cala, asebenzise amagunya awo enze nemisebenzi yawo ngaphandle koloyiko, ukwenza idolo, okanye ukudlel'indlala.
Amanye amaziko karhulumente kufuneka athi, ngamanyathelo omthetho namanye amanyathelo, ancedise akhusele la maziko ukuqinisekisa ukuzimela, ukungakhethi cala, isidima, nokusebenza ngokufezekileyo kwala maziko.
Akukho mntu naziko likarhulumente emaliphazamisane nokusebenza kwala maziko.
La maziko athembeke kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, kwaye kufuneka enze ingxelo ngezenzo zawo nokwenza kwawo imisebenzi yawo kwiNdibano, ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.
Imkhuseli woLuntu amacand.
kuso nasiphi na isigaba sikarhulumente, ekuthiwa, okanye ekurhanelwa ukuba, aluhambi ngendlela eyiyo, okanye olungathi lube neziphumo ezingezizo, okanye udlelo-ndlala.
nokuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okulungisa eso senzo.
UMkhuseli woLuntu unamagunya athe chatha nemisebenzi emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
UMkhuseli woLuntu akanakho ukuphanda izigqibo zenkundla.
UMkhuseli woLuntu kufuneka afikeleleke kuye wonke umntu ngamnye, nakubo bonke abantu ngokwamaqela oluntu.
kuwonke-wonke, ngaphandle kokuba iimeko ezizodwa, eziya kumiselwa ngumthetho wesizwe, zifuna ukuba ingxelo ethile ibe semfihlakalweni.
UMkhuseli woLuntu utyunjelwa esikhundleni ithuba leminyaka esixhenxe elingahlaziywayo.
ijonge, ivavanye ukukhathalelwa nokulandelwa kwamalungelo oluntu kwiRiphablikhi.
Kunyaka ngamnye iKhomishini yaMalungelo oLuntu yaseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka ifune ukuba amazikokarhulumente achaphazelekayo anike iKhomishini le ulwazi ngamanyathelo awathabathileyo ukuzama ukufezekisa amalungelo akwiBhili yamaLungelo amalunga nezindlu, ulondolozo lwempilo, ukutya, amanzi, ukhuseleko lwezentlalo, imfundo kunye nendalo esingqongileyo.
IKhomishini yaMalungelo oLuntu yaseMzantsi Afrika inamanye amandla kunye neminye imisebenzi emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
nokwenza ingcebiso malunga nokusekwa, ngokungqinelana nomthetho wesizwe, kwebhunga lezamasiko nezithethe, okanye elinye ibhunga okanye amanye amabhunga eqela loluntu okanye amaqela oluntu eMzantsi Afrika.
IKhomishini inalo igunya, njengoko limiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe, eliyimfuneko ukuze ifezekise iinjongo zayo eziphambili, kubandakanywa igunya lokugada, lokuhlola, lokuphanda, lokufundisa, lokutsala umdla wabenzi-mthetho, lokucebisa nokunika ingxelo ngemiba emayela namalungelo abantu ngokokwamasiko nezithethe zabo, ezenkolo nezeelwimi zabo.
IKhomishini inganika ingxelo nangawuphi na umcimbi osemagunyeni ayo, nongumsebenzi wayo, kwiKhomishini yaMalungelo oLuntu yaseMzantsi Afrika ukuze yona yenze uphando.
Icandelwana (3) lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 4 loMthetho 65 ka-1998.
IKhomishini inamagunya nemisebenzi eyeminye emiselwe ngumThetho wesizwe.
abaNtu ngokwamaSiko neziThethe zabo, ezeNkolo nezeeLwimi, nokutyunjwa kwawo kunye nethuba lawo lokubamba izikhundla kufuneka zimiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
kubonise ngokubanzi umahluko ngokwesini kubantu boMzantsi Afrika.
IKhomishini yokuLingana kwabaseTyhini naMadoda (yokuLingana ngokweSini) kufuneka ikhuthaze ukuhlonitshwa kokulingana ngokwesini, nokuphuhliswa, nokukhuselwa, nokufumaneka kwako oku kulingana phakathi kwababhinqileyo namadoda.
IKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini, inamandla, ngokokulawulwa ngumthetho wesizwe, ayimfuneko ekwenzeni imisebenzi yayo, kubandakanywa negunya lokugada, ukuhlola, ukuphanda, ukufundisa, ukutsala umdla wabenzi-mthetho, ukucebisa, nokwenza ingxelo ngemiba ephathelelene nokulingana phakathi kwabasetyhini namadoda.
IKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini inamagunya athe chatha nemisebenzi eyeminye emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
nezalo naliphi na elinye iziko locwangciso-mali othi umthetho wesizwe okanye wephondo ufune ukuba kuphichothwe iincwadi zalo zemali nguMphicothizincwadi-Jikelele.
zalo naliphi na iziko eligunyazisiweyo ngokwemigaqo yawo nawuphi na umthetho ukuba lamkele imali lisenzela urhulumente.
UMphicothizincwadi-Jikelele kufuneka angenise iingxelo zophicotho-zimali kuyo nayiphi na indlu yowiso-mthetho ebandakanyeka ngqo ekuphicothweni kweencwadi zemali, nakuliphi na igunya elimiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe. Zonke iingxelo kufuneka zifumaneke eluntwini.
UMphicothizincwadi-Jikelele unamagunya athe chatha nemisebenzi emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
UMphicothizincwadi-Jikelele kufuneka alathelwe ithuba elisisigxina elingahlaziywayo eliphakathi kweminyaka emihlanu nelishumi.
ibhengeze iziphumo zolo nyulo ngexesha ekufuneka limiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe nelifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngokwamkelekileyo.
IKhomishini yoNyulo inamagunya ongezelelweyo nemisebenzi emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
IKhomishini yoNyulo kufuneka ukuba ibe nabantu abathathu ubuncinane. Inani lamalungu nethuba lokubamba kwabo izikhundla kufuneka lichazwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka useke igunya elizimeleyo lokulawula ezosasazo ukuze kulungelwe uluntu, nokuqinisekisa ukungabi nasheyi kunye nokuvezwa kwezimvo ezahlukeneyo ngokubanzi ezimele uluntu loMzantsi Afrika.
nabalungelelene nazo naziphi na ezinye iimfuno ezimiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
Imfuneko yokuba iKhomishini esekwe sesi Sahluko mayibonakalise ngokubanzi ubukho babantu abahluka-hlukeneyo ngokweentlanga nangokwesini emZantsi-Afrika, kufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kutyunjwa amalungu ayo.
UmPhicothi-zincwadi-Jikelele kufuneka ibe ngowasetyhini okanye indoda engummi waseMzantsi Afrika, ibe ngumntu okulungeleyo, nokufaneleyo ukubamba eso sikhundla. Ulwazi olulodwa okanye amava okuphicotha iincwadi zemali, okuphatha iimali zoburhulumente, nawolawulo loluntu kufuneka ibe ziimpawu ezijongwayo xa kutyunjwa uMphicothizincwadi-Jikelele.
Umhlathi (a) wenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 4 loMthetho 65 ka-1998.
yoninzi lwamalungu eNdlu, ukuba uthethelelo olo lumalunga nokutyunjwa kwelungu leKhomishini.
Ukuthath'inxaxheba kwabantu kwinkqubo yothethelelo kungalungiselelwa ngendlela ekuthethwa ngayo kwicandelo 59 (1) (a).
yokuba iNdlu yenze isigqibo esithi loo mntu makasuswe esikhundleni.
kwelungu leKhomishini kufuneka sithatyathwe ngokuxhaswa yivoti yoninzi lwamalungu eNdlu.
kufuneka amsuse umntu kwisikhundla yakuba iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yenze isigqibo sokuba loo mntu makasuswe.
ULAWULO LUKARHULUMENTE amacand.
Kufuneka kukhuthazwe, kuze kugcinwe umgangatho ophezulu wesimilo sokusebenza esinoqeqesheko.
Kufuneka kukhuthazwe ukusetyenziswa kwezixhaso ngokufezekileyo, ngokunoqoqosho nangempumelelo.
Ulawulo lwabasebenzi bakarhulumente kufuneka lube neenjongo zophuhliso.
Iinkonzo kufuneka zenziwe ngokungenamkhethe nasheyi, ngokobulungisa, nangaphandle kokudlela indlala.
Iimfuno zabantu kufuneka zisatyelwe, kwaye uluntu kufuneka lukhuthazwe ukuba luthabathe inxaxheba ekwenziweni kwenkqubo-sikhokelo.
Ulawulo lwabasebenzi bakarhulumente kufuneka lwenzeke ngendlela enokuthembeka.
Makuphenjelelwe ubeko-lubala lwezinto ngokuthi uluntu lunikwe kwangexesha ulwazi oluchanekileyo, nolufikelelekayo.
Kufuneka kukhuthazwe uphatho olufanelekileyo lwesixhaso esingabantu kunye nezenzo zophuhliso lwekhondo lomsebenzi, ukuze kwandiswe isakhono sabantu.
Xa kuqeshwayo kwarhulumente kufuneka kukhethwe phakathi kwabo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika ngokubanzi, izenzo zokuqesha nezophatho-basebenzi zisekelwe ekukwazini (komntu) ukuwenza umsebenzi, ekungakhethini icala elithile, ekungabini nasheyi, nakwimfuneko yokulungisa intswela-kulingana yamaxesha adlulileyo, ukuze kufezekiswe ukumelwa/umelongokubanzi.
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka uqinisekise ukukhuthazwa kwezi zithethe zixabisekileyo nale migqalisela idweliswe kwicandelwana (1).
Ukuqeshwa kulawulo lukarhulumente kwabantu abaliqela, befakwe ngendlela elandela inkqubo-sikhokelo, akunqandwa, kodwa kufuneka umthetho wesizwe ukulungelelanise oku kuqeshwa kwinkonzo yoburhulumente.
Umthetho olungelelanisa ulawulo lwabasebenzi bakarhulumente ungacacisa umahluko phakathi kwamacandelo ngamacandelo, kweenkonzo ngeenkonzo zolawulo okanye kwamaziko ngamaziko.
Umthetho olungelelanisa ulawulo lukarhulumente umelwe kukuba uthathele ingqalelo ezi meko zilandelayo zingqameneyo nawo: uhlobo nemisebenzi yamacandelo ngamacandelo, eyeenkonzo ngeenkonzo zolawulo, okanye eyamaziko ngamaziko olawulo lukarhulumente.
Kukho iKhomishini yeNkonzo yakwaRhulumente enye apha kwiRiphablikhi.
IKhomishini le izimele kwaye kufuneka ingakhethi cala, kukwafuneka isebenzise amagunya ayo yenze nemisebenzi yayo ngaphandle koloyiko, kokwenza idolo okanye kokuba nesheyi, ukuze igcine ulawulo iwabasebenzi lusebenza ngokuneziqhamo nangokufezekileyo, igcine nomgangatho ophezulu womoya omhle wokusebenza kubasebenzi bakarhulumente. IKhomishini le kufuneka ilawulwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
Amanye amaziko karhulumente kufuneka athi, ngamanyathelo owiso-mthetho namanye, ayincedise kanjalo ayikhusele iKhomishini, ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuzimela, ukungakhethi cala, isidima nokusebenza ngokuneziqhamo kwayo iKhomishini le. Makungabikho mntu okanye ziko likarhulumente liphazamisana nokusebenza kwale Khomishini.
yazise amaziko karhulumente esigaba sesizwe nesamaphondo malunga nezenzo ezimalunga nabasebenzi kwinkonzo karhulumente, kubandakanywa nezo ziphathelele kugayo, ingqesho, utshintsho, ukuphelelwa ngumsebenzi kwanezinye iindawana zempangelo zabaqeshwa abakwinkonzo karhulumente.
ukusebenzisa amagunya ongezelelweyo abekwe nguMthetho wePalamente.
Umhlathi (g)wongezelelwe ngecandelo. 3 loMthetho 65 ka-1998.
nakwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo elithile, malunga nezenzo zayo kwelo phondo.
nomkhomishinari omnye wephondo ngalinye okhethwe yiNkulumbuso yelo phondo ngokwecandelwana (8) (b).
avunywe yiNdlu ngesigqibo esixhaswe yivoti yoninzi lwamalungu ayo.
avunywe yindlu yowiso-mthetho ngesigqibo esixhaswe yivoti yoninzi lwamalungu ayo.
Kufuneka kubekho uMthetho wePalamente olawula uMgaqo-nkqubo wotyumbo loomkhomishinari.
ekwangumntu olungeleyo nofaneleyo, onolwazi nonamava ngolawulo, ngokuphathwa okanye ngokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yakwarhulumente.
nangexa yokuthatyathwa kwesigqibo yiNdlu okanye yindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo elichaphazelekayo, sigqibo eso sixhaswe yivoti yoninzi lwamalungu ayo, sisithi makasuswe loo mkhomishinari esikhundleni.
kukho isaziso esibhaliweyo yiNkulumbuso esixela ukuba indlu yowiso-mthetho ithabathe isigqibo esithi makasuswe loo mkhomishinari.
Oomkhomishinari ekubhekiselwe kubo kwicandelwana (7) (b) bangawasebenzisa amagunya benze nemisebenzi yeKhomishini le kumaphondo abo ngokokumiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
Apha kulawulo lwabasebenzeli-rhulumente kukho inkonzo yabasebenzi-rhulumente yeRiphablikhi, ekufuneka isebenze, kanjalo yakhiwe, ngokomthetho wesizwe, ekufuneka kanjalo iphumeze ngokuthembekileyo iinkqubo-sikhokelo ezisemthethweni zikarhulumente ophetheyo.
Imimiselo nemiqathango yengqesho kwinkonzo karhulumente kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ngumthetho wesizwe. Abaqeshwa banelungelo lokufumana umhlala-phantsi ongenasheyi njengoko kumiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
Akukho mqeshwa wenkonzo yabasebenzeli-rhulumente uya kwenzelwa idolo okanye adlelwe indlala kuphela nje ngenxa yokuba loo mntu exhasa iqela elithile lezopolitiko okanye iinjongo ezithile zopolitiko.
Luxanduva loorhulumente bamaphondo ukufuna, ukuqesha, ukunyusela, ukutshintsha nokuyekisa emsebenzini abasebenzeli-rhulumente bolawulo lwabo, beyenza yonke le nto ngokwemo-sikhokelo yezithethe nemigangatho efanayo, ekusetyenziswa yona kwinkonzo yabasebenzeli rhulumente.
IINKONZO ZOKHUSELEKO amacand.
Ukhuseleko lwesizwe kufuneka lubonakalise ukuzimisela kwabantu baseMzantsi Afrika, ngokomntu ngamnye nangokwesizwe, ukuhlala njengabantu abalinganayo, ukuhlala ngoxolo nemvisiswano, ukukhululeka kuloyiko nakwintswelo, nokuzamela ubomi obubhetele.
Oku kuzimisela ukuhlala ngoxolo nemvisiswano kuthintela wonke ummi woMzantsi Afrika ekuthabatheni inxaxheba kungquzulwano ngezixhobo, esizweni okanye phakathi kwamazwe ngamazwe, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezimiselwe nguMgaqo-siseko okanye ngumthetho wesizwe.
Ukhuseleko lwesizwe kufuneka luqhutywe ngokuhambisana nomthetho kubandakanywa nomthetho wamazwe.
Ukhuseleko lwesizwe luphantsi kwegunya lePalamente kunye nesigqeba esilawulayo sesizwe.
Iinkonzo zokhuseleko zeRiphablikhi zezi: umkhosi omnye wokhuselo, inkonzo enye yamapolisa kunye nazo naziphi na iinkonzo zobuntlola ezimiselwe ngokoMgaqo-siseko.
Umkhosi wokhuselo nguwo kuphela umkhosi wamajoni osemthethweni kwiRiphablikhi.
Ngaphandle kweenkonzo zokhuseleko ezimiselwe ngokoMgaqo-siseko, imibutho yezixhobo okanye iinkonzo zosetyenziso-zixhobo zingasekwa kuphela ngokomthetho wesizwe.
Iinkonzo zokhuseleko kufuneka zibunjwe, zilawulwe ngokomthetho wesizwe.
Iinkonzo zokhuseleko kufuneka zenze, zifundise, ziyalele namalungu azo ukuba enze, ngokungqinelana noMgaqo-siseko kunye nomthetho, kubandakanywa umthetho wesiqhelo wamazwe ngamazwe kunye nezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe ezibophelelayo kwiRiphablikhi.
Akukho lungu layo nayiphi na inkonzo yezokhuseleko elimele ukuba lithobele umyalelo ocacileyo ukuba awukho mthethweni.
ziqhubele phambili, ngokunomkhethe, nakuphi na ukulungelwa kweqela elithile lezopolitiko.
Ukwenzela ukuba imigqalisela yobeko-lubala neyokuthembeka iphumelele, kufuneka iikomiti zepalamente zamaqela ngamaqela zongamele zonke iinkonzo zokhuseleko ngendlela eqingqwe ngumthetho wesizwe okanye yimithetho nemimiselo yePalamente.
Umkhosi wokhuselo kufuneka ubunjwe uze ubuye uphathwe njengomkhosi wezixhobo zokulwa oqeqeshekileyo.
Injongo ephambili yomkhosi wokhuselo kukukhusela nokuvikela iRiphablikhi, isidima sayo sobummandla kunye nabantu bayo, uyenza loo nto ngokungqinelana noMgaqo-siseko kwakunye nemigqalisela yomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe olawula ukusetyenziswa komkhosi.
Kufuneka kube kho ilungu leKhabinethi elijongene nezokhuselo.
ukuzalisekisa izimiselo zamazwe ngamazwe ehlabathi.
nangethuba ekuthelekelelwa ukuba uya kusetyenziswa ngalo umkhosi lo.
Ukuba iPalamente ayihlali kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe zokuqala emva kokusetyenziswa komkhosi wokhuselo ekuthethwa ngako kwicandelwana (2) kufuneka uMongameli anike ikomiti ekuyiyo eyongameleyo iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ezixelwe kwicandelwana (3).
yiKhomanda eyiNtloko yomkhosi wokhuselo, kufuneka atyumbe iKhomanda yezobuJoni yomkhosi wokhuselo lo.
nangenani labantu ababandakanyekayo.
Ukuba iPalamente ayihlali ngexesha ekumiselwa ngalo imo yokhuselo lwesizwe, kufuneka uMongameli abizele iPalamente kwindibano ekuhlaleni okungesosiqhelo kwakwiintsuku ezisisixhenxe zomiselo olo.
Umiselo lwemo yokhuselo lwesizwe luyaphelelwa, ngaphandle kokuba luyamkelwa yiPalamente kwakwiintsuku ezisixhenxe zomiselo olo.
I-ofisi yoonobhala bezokhuselo abangengomalungu omkhosi kufuneka isekwe ngomthetho wesizwe, isebenze phantsi kwenkokelo yelungu leKhabinethi elijongene nezokhuselo.
Inkonzo yamapolisa yesizwe kufuneka ibunjwe ngendlela eyenza ukuba isebenze kwisigaba sorhulumente sesizwe nakwesamaphondo, kanti nakweseengingqi, apho kufanelekileyo.
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka useke amagunya nemisebenzi yenkonzo yamapolisa, kwaye kufuneka wenze ukuba inkonzo yamapolisa ibe nakho ukuyenza imisebenzi yayo ngokuphumeleleyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimfuno zamaphondo.
ekufuneka liqingqe inkqubo-sikhokelo yezamapolisa yesizwe, emva kokubonisana noorhulumente bamaphondo, futhi lithathela ingqalelo iimfuno nemicimbi ephambili kwezobupolisa zamaphondo eziqiqwe zizigqeba zamaphondo ezinolawulo oluphezulu.
Inkqubo-sikhokelo yesizwe yezobupolisa ingavula amathuba eenkqubo-zikhokelo ezahlukeneyo zamaphondo ahlukeneyo emva kokuthathela ingqalelo iimfuno nemicimbi ephambili yezobupolisa yala maphondo.
nokunxibelelana nelungu leKhabhinethi elijongene nezamapolisa, mayela nolwaphulo-mthetho nomsebenzi wamapolisa kwelo phondo.
nenikwe sona kwinkqubo-sikhokelo yesizwe yezobupolisa.
kufuneka linike iingcebiso kwelo lungu leKhabhinethi liphathiswe ezobupolisa.
Kwakufika isikhalazo sifakwe sisigqeba sephondo esinolawulo oluphezulu sephondo makube kho iqumrhu elizimeleyo lezikhalazo ngamapolisa elisekwe ngomthetho wesizwe emaliphande nakuphi na ukungaziphathi kakuhle okubikwayo okanye nakuphi na ukwaphulwa komthetho okwenziwe lilungu lenkonzo yezobupolisa kwiphondo.
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka wenze kube kho imo-sikhokelo yokusekwa kweenkonzo zamapolisa zoomasipala, nezamagunya, nemisebenzi nokulawulwa kwazo.
Kufuneka kusekwe ikomiti eyakhiwe lilungu leKhabhinethi kunye namalungu amaBhunga anoLawulo oluPhezulu anoxanduva lwezobupolisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ulungelelwaniso lwenkonzo yezobupolisa oluneziqhamo nentsebenziswano eneziqhamo phakathi kwezigaba zikarhulumente.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo isenokuthi umkhomishinala wephondo elo makeze kuvela phambi kwayo okanye phambi kwayo nayiphi na enye yeekomiti zayo aze kuphendula imibuzo.
UMongameli, njengentloko yesigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu, kufuneka atyumbe umntu wasetyhini okanye oyindoda njengoKhomishinala weSizwe wenkonzo yamapolisa, ukuze alawule, aphathe inkonzo yamapolisa.
UKhomishinala weSizwe kufuneka alawule, aphathe inkonzo yamapolisa ngokungqinelana nenkqubo-sikhokelo le yesizwe yezobupolisa kwanemiyalelo yelungu leKhabinethi elijongene nezobupolisa.
UKhomishinala weSizwe, ngokuvunyelwa sisigqeba solawulo oluphezulu sephondo elo, kufuneka atyumbe umntu wasetyhini okanye oyindoda njengoKhomishinala wephondo kwelo iphondo, kodwa ukuba UKhomishinala weSizwe nesigqeba sephondo esinolawulo oluphezulu abade bavumelane ngotyumbo olo, ilungu leKhabhinethi elijongene nezobupolisa kufuneka lilamle phakathi kwaba babini.
bephantsi kwegunya likaKhomishinala weSizwe lokulawula nokuphatha inkonzo yamapolisa ngokwecandelwana (2).
UKhomishinala wephondo kufuneka anike ingxelo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo lakhe qho ngonyaka, malunga nezobupolisa kwelo phondo, aze athumele ikopi yaloo ngxelo kuKhomishinala weSizwe.
Ukuba uKhomishinala wephondo uphelelwe kukuthenjwa sisigqeba sephondo esinolawulo oluphezulu, eso sigqeba singathatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okumsusa okanye okumtshintshela kwenye indawo, okanye awokumohlwaya loo Khomishinala, ngokungqinelana nomthetho wesizwe.
Iofisi yoonobhala bamapolisa abangemapolisa kufuneka isekwe ngomthetho wesizwe ukuze isebenze phantsi kwesikhokelo selungu leKhabhinethi elijongene nezobupolisa.
lomkhosi wokhuselo okanye lenkonzo yamapolisa, ingasekwa nguMongameli kuphela, njengentloko yesigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu, kube kuphela ngokomthetho wesizwe.
UMongameli njengentloko yesigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu kufuneka atyumbe umntu wasetyhini okanye oyindoda njengentloko yenkonzo nganye yezobuntlola esekwe ngokwecandelwana (1), kwaye kufuneka athathe uxanduva lwezopolitiko lokulawula nokukhokela naziphi na kwezo nkonzo, okanye atyumbe ilungu elithile leKhabinethi ukuba lithabathe olo xanduva..
nokugadwa luluntu kokwenziwa kwezo nkonzo ngumhloli otyunjwe nguMongameli njengentloko yesigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu, nothe wavunywa ngesigqibo esithatyathwe yiNdibano yesiZwe sona sixhaswe yivoti yesibini kwisithathu samalungu ayo, ubuncinane.
IINKOKELI ZEMVELI amacand.
Ukumiselwa, inqanaba kunye nenxaxheba yobunkokeli bemveli, ngokomthetho wemveli, zivunyiwe ngokulawulwa nguMgaqo-siseko.
Igunya lemveli elisebenza ngokwenkqubo yomthetho wemveli lingasebenza ngokulawulwa nanguwuphi na umthetho osebenzisekayo kwanamasiko asebenzisekayo, kusebenza oko kubandakanya izilungiso kuwo okanye ukutshitshiswa kwawo loo mthetho okanye loo masiko.
Iinkundla kufuneka ziwusebenzise umthetho wemveli xa loo mthetho usebenziseka, ngokokulawula koMgaqo-siseko kunye nawo nawuphi na umthetho ojongene kanye/ncakasana nomthetho wemveli.
Umthetho wesizwe ungayimisela inxaxheba yeenkokeli zemveli njengeziko elikwisigaba sasekuhlaleni, lemicimbi echaphazela abantu kwiindawo ezo bahlala kuzo.
umthetho wesizwe ungaseka ibhunga leenkokeli zemveli.
Kukho iNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yesiZwe, apho kufuneka kufakwe khona yonke imali ethe yafikela urhulumente wesizwe, ngaphandle kwemali ekucacileyo ukuba ayibandakanywanga nguMthetho wePalamente.
njengeendleko eziphuma ngqo kwiNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yeSizwe, xa ukwenjenjalo kumiselweyo kuMgaqo-siseko okanye kuMthetho othile wePalamente.
Isabelo esingeyonkqatho samaphondo esisuka kwingeniso eqokelelwe kwisigaba sesizwe siziindleko ezikhutshwa ngqo kwiNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yeSizwe.
Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 213: 1 Januwari 1998.
neyazo naziphi na ezinye izahlulelo eziya kumaphondo, kurhulumente weengingqi okanye koomasipala eziphuma kwisabelo sikarhulumente wesizwe saloo ngeniso, kunye nayo nayiphi na imiqathango ezithi zenziwe phantsi kwayo ezo zahlulo.
imfuneko yokuguquka lula ekusabeleni iimeko neengxaki okanye ezinye iimfuno zexeshana kwanezinye iimeko ezifanayo nezokungakhethi cala.
Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 214: 1 Januwari 1998.
zolwabiwo-mali zizizigaba zikarhulumente, kufuneka zikhuthaze ubeko-lubala lwezinto, ukuthembeka kunye nophatho lwezemali olunempumelelo kwezoqoqosho, ityala kunye necandelo likarhulumente.
nokuthi ulwabiwo-mali lwesigaba ngasinye sikarhulumente kufuneka lubonise imvelaphi yengeniso nendlela inkcitho-mali ecetywayo eya kungqinelana ngayo nomthetho wesizwe.
nokuxelwa kweenjongo zokuboleka kunye nezinye iintlobo zobutyala bukarhulumente obuya kwandisa ityala likarhulumente ngaloo nyaka uza kulandela.
Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo . 215: 1 Januwari 1998.
nezithethe nomgangatho ofanayo woovimba.
Uvimba wesizwe, angakuphezisa ukuthunyelwa kwemali kwiziko loburhulumente ukuba ngaba elo ziko liwatyeshela ngokuxhomisa amehlo okanye okuthe gqolo amanyathelo asekwe ngokwecandelwana (1).
Icandelwana (2) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 5 (a) loMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
sinokusetyenziswa ngoko nangoko, kodwa siya kuphelelwa ukususela kwithuba eselidlule ngaphandle kokuba iPalamente iyasivumela emva kokulandela inkqubo efana ngokukhulu naleyo isekwe ngokwecandelo 76 (1) nemiselwe yimigaqo nemiyalelo yePalamente ekudityenweyo ngayo. Le nkqubo kufuneka igqitywe kwangeentsuku ezingama-30 senziwe nguvimba wesizwe isigqibo.
Icandelwana (3) lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo. 5 (b) loMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
IPalamente ingasihlaziya isigqibo sokunqanda ukuthunyelwa kwemali, ithuba elingekho ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezili-120 ngexesha, kulandelwa inkqubo esekwe ngokwecandelwana (3).
iphondo elo kufuneka linikwe ithuba lokuphendula izityholo elibekwa zona, liyibeke imeko yalo phambi kwekomiti ethile.
Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 216: 1 January 1998.
Xa iziko likarhulumente, kwisigaba sikarhulumente sesizwe, esamaphondo okanye eseengingqi, okanye naliphi na elinye iziko elichazwe kumthetho wesizwe, lisenza izivumelwano malunga neempahla okanye neenkonzo, kufuneka likwenze oko ngokungqinelana nenkqubo engenasheyi, engenankqatho, eselubala, enokhuphiswano nengenazindleko.
yokukhuselwa okanye yokuphuhliswa kwabantu, okanye okweendidi ezithile zabantu, abadlelwe indlala calu-calulo olunesheyi.
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka umisele indlela ekufuneka isetyenziswe ngayo inkqubo-sikhokelo ecaciswe kwicandelwana (2).
Icandelwana (3) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 6 loMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Urhulumente wesizwe, okanye owephondo, okanye umasipala angalwenza umelo malunga nemali-mboleko kuphela xa ngaba olo melo luyahambisana nayo nayiphi na imiqathango emiselwe kumthetho wesizwe.
Umthetho wesizwe ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (1) ungenziwa kuphela emva kokuba kuqwalaselwe naziphi na iingcebiso ezivela kwiKhomishini yezeMali neRhafu.
Kunyaka ngamnye urhulumente ngamnye kufuneka apapashe ingxelo ngomelo-malini athe walwenza.
Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 218: 1 Januwari 1998.
nelona qondo liphezulu lemivuzo, izibonelelo okanye iimfanelo zamalungu ezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo, nezamalungu amaBhunga anoLawulo oluPhezulu kunye nezamalungu amaBhunga ooMasipala beendidi ezingafaniyo.
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka useke ikhomishini ezimeleyo ukuba inike iingcebiso malunga nemivuzo, nezibonelelo, neemfanelo ekuthethwa ngazo kwicandelwana (1).
Ipalamente ingawupasisa umthetho ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (1) kuphela emva kokuqwalasela naziphi na iingcebiso zekhomishini esekwe ngokwecandelwana (2).
Isigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu, isigqeba sephondo elithile esinolawulo oluphezulu, umasipala othile okanye nasiphi na esinye isiphatha-mandla esifanelekileyo singawusebenzisa lo mthetho wesizwe kuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (1) kuphela emva kokuqwalasela naziphi na iingcebiso zekhomishini esekwe ngokwecandelwana (2).
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka umisele izikhokelo zokuqingqa imivuzo, izibonelelo kwaneemfanelo zeejaji, zoMkhuseli woLuntu, zoMphicothizincwadi-Jikelele, kunye nezamalungu ayo nayiphi na ikhomishini exeliweyo kuMgaqo-siseko lo, ndawonye negunya lezosasazo elixelwe kwicandelo 192.
Kukho iKhomishini yezeMali neRhafu yeRiphablikhi enika iingcebiso ekuthethwa ngazo kwesi Sahluko, okanye kumthetho wesizwe, izinika iPalamente, izindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo kunye nawo nawaphi na amanye amagunya amiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
IKhomishini le izimele, ilawulwa kuphela nguMgaqo-siseko kunye nomthetho, kwaye kufuneka ingakhethi cala.
IKhomishini kufuneka isebenze ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho othile wePalamente, kanjalo, xa isenza imisebenzi yayo, kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo yonke imiba echaphazelekayo, ndawonye naleyo idweliswe kwicandelo 214 (2).
nabanye abantu ababini.
[Icandelwana (1) lithathelwa indawo licandelo 2 loMthetho Wesihlanu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1999] lize lithathelwe indawo licandelo 7 (a) loMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
nemibutho yoomasipala xa kusenziwa oluya luhlu lukhankanywe kwicandelwana (1) (c).
Icandelwana (1A) lifakelwe ngo-7 (b) woMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo ka-2001.
Amalungu eKhomishini le kufuneka abe nabo ubuchwepheshe obufunekayo.
Amalungu asebenza ithuba elimiselwe ngokomthetho wesizwe. UMongameli angalisusa ilungu esikhundleni ngezizathu zentswela-kuziphatha, ukungabi nakho ukusebenza okanye ukungakwazi ukusebenza.
IKhomishini kufuneka inike ingxelo rhoqo kwiPalamente kanti nakwizindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo.
IBhanki eYongameleyo amacand.
IBhanki enguVimba yoMzantsi Afrika yibhanki eyongameleyo yeRiphablikhi kwaye ilawulwa nguMthetho othile wePalamente.
Injongo engundoqo yeBhanki enguVimba yoMzantsi Afrika kukukhusela ixabiso lohlobo lwemali yeli lizwe, kujongwe ukukhula kwezoqoqosho okuzinzileyo nokungatshitshiyo kwiRiphablikhi.
IBhanki enguVimba yoMzantsi Afrika, xa izama ukufezekisa injongo yayo engundoqo, kufuneka yenze imisebenzi yayo ngokuzimeleyo nangaphandle koloyiko, nokwenza idolo okanye ukudlela indlala; kodwa, kufuneka kube kho ukubonisana okuthe rhoqo phakathi kwale Bhanki nelungu leKhabinethi elijongene nemibandela yesizwe yezemali.
Amagunya nemisebenzi yeBhanki enguVimba yoMzantsi-Afrika ngalawo esiqhelo asetyenziswa, nemisebenzi yayo yileyo yesiqhelo yenziwa, ziibhanki ezongameleyo, magunya lawo, nemisebenzi leyo ekufuneka eqingqwe nguMthetho wePalamente; ukusetyenziswa kwala magunya, nokwenziwa kwale misebenzi kufuneka kulawulwe yimiqathango emiselwe ngokoMthetho lowo.
Imicimbi yezeMali yaMaphondo neyeeNgingqi amacand.
Kukho iNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yePhondo eyeyephondo ngalinye apho kufakwa khona yonke imali efikele urhulumente wephondo elo, ngaphandle kwemali ekucacileyo ukuba ayibandakanywanga nguMthetho wePalamente.
njengeendleko ngqo ezikhutshwa kwiNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yePhondo xa ixeliweyo kuMgaqo-siseko okanye kuMthetho wephondo.
Imali eyabelwe ulawulo lwasekuhlaleni elikwiphondo elithile, isiza ngephondo elo ngokwecandelo 214 (1), iziindleko ngqo eziphuma kwiNgxowa-mali yeNgeniso yelo phondo.
nekufuneka ukuba bayihlawulwe ngaso oomasipala belo phondo imali abayabelwe ngayo ngephondo elo ngokwecandelwana (3).
Icandelwana (4) longezelelwe ngecandelo 8 loMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 226: 1 Januwari 1998.
linelungelo kwisabelo esingenankqatho sengeniso eqokelelwe ngurhulumente wesizwe ukulinceda ukuba libe nakho ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezisisiseko kwanokwenza imisebenzi eyabelwe lona; kanjalo.
lingafumana ezinye izahlulelo ezivela kwingxowa-mali yesizwe, ezibekelwe imiqathango okanye ezingabekelwanga miqathango.
Enye ingeniso ekhoyo eqokelelwe ngamaphondo okanye oomasipala ayinakutsalwa kwisabelo sawo/sabo semali eqokelelwe kwisigaba sesizwe sikarhulumente okanye kwezinye izahlulelo ezinikwe wona/bona zivela kwingeniso karhulumente wesizwe. Kwangokunjalo, akanyanzelekanga urhulumente wesizwe ukuba abuyekeze amaphondo okanye oomasipala abangaqokeleli mali ifanelene namandla awo/abo ezemali kwanomthombo wawo/wabo kwezerhafu.
Isabelo esingenankqatho sephondo esivela kwingeniso eqokelelwe ngurhulumente wesizwe kufuneka sithunyelwe kwiphondo elo ngoko nangoko, kungatsalwanga mali kuso, ngaphandle kwaxa oko kuthunyelwa kuye kwanqandwa ngokwecandelo 216.
Iphondo kufuneka lizibonelele ngazo naziphi na izixhaso elizifunayo, ngokommiselo okhoyo kuMgaqo-siseko walo, ezingaphezu kweemfuno zalo eziqikelelwe kulo Mgaqo-siseko.
Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 227: 1 Januwari 1998.
neentlawulo ezongezelelwe ngokomlinganiselo ofanayo, zibizwa kuyo nayiphi na irhafu, intlawuliso okanye intlawulelo-zinto emiselwe ngumthetho wesizwe, ingeyiyo imithombo-rhafu yerhafu yengeniso yamashishini, okanye irhafu eyongezelelwe kwixabiso, okanye irhafu yepropati, okanye iintlawulelo-mpahla.
Isiqendu (b) sithathelwa indawo licandelo 9 loMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
kufuneka lilawulwe ngokoMthetho wePalamente, onokwenziwa kuphela emva kokuqwalaselwa kwazo naziphi na iingcebiso zeKhomishini yezeMali neRhafu.
Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 228: 1 Januwari 1998.
nezinye iirhafu, iintlawuliso neentlawulelo-zinto ezifanele urhulumente weengingqi okanye ezifanele olo didi lorhulumente weengingqi akulo loo masipala, ukuba ugunyazisiwe ukuba enjenjalo ngumthetho wesizwe; kodwa akukho masipala uvumelekileyo ukuba abize irhafu yengeniso, ivethi, irhafu-ntengiso okanye intlawulelo-zinto.
linakho ukulawulwa ngumthetho wesizwe.
Xa oomasipala ababini benamagunya nemisebenzi efanayo yezemali phezu kwendawo enye, loo magunya naloo misebenzi mayahlulwe ngokufanelekileyo, ngokomthetho wesizwe.
Akukho nto, kweli candelo, ithintela ukwahlulelana ngeemali ezenziwe ngokweli candelo, phakathi koomasipala abanamandla nemisebenzi yezemali kwindawo enye.
Umthetho wesizwe ekuthethwa ngawo kweli candelo ungawiswa kuphela emva kokuba kuthe kwaboniswana norhulumente weengingqi oqingqiweyo kunye neKhomishini yezeMali, kwaza kwathathelwa ingqalelo nazo naziphi na iingcebiso zale khomishini.
Umhla wokuqalisa kwecandelo 229: 1 Januwari 1998.
Umthetho wesizwe ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (1) ungenziwa kuphela emva kokuqwalaselwa kwazo naziphi na iingcebiso zeKhomishini yezeMali neRhafu.
Icandelo 230 lenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 10 loMthetho 61 ka-2001.
ifune iimali-mboleko zokuthenga izinto ezinkulu okanye kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, kodwa iimali-mboleko zokuhlawulela iintengo zomhla nezolo mazithathwe kuphela xa kufuneka kukhawulelwe imeko ngethuba laloo nyaka-mali; kananjalo.
azibophelele yena kwakunye neKhansile esezayo xa esebenzisa igunya lakhe alinikwa ngumthetho.
Umthetho wesizwe ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelwana (1) ungenziwa kuphela emva kokuqwalaselwa kwazo naziphi na iingcebiso zeKhomishini yezeMali neRhafu.
Icandelo 230A lifakelwe licandelo 17 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
ngumsebenzi wesigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu.
Isivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe siyibophelela iRiphablikhi kuphela emva kokuba sivunyiwe ngesigqibo esenziwe kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho nakwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, ngaphandle kokuba sisivumelwano ekuthethwa ngaso kwicandelwana (3).
Isivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe esinobugoci-goci, okanye esisesolawulo, okanye esinegunya eliphezulu, okanye isivumelwano esingafuni kuqinisekiswa okanye kuvunywa, esenziwe sisigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu, siyayibophelela iRiphablikhi kungafunwanga mvume yeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho neyeBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, kodwa kufuneka sixelwe kwiNdibano nakwiBhunga kwangethuba elifanelekileyo.
Nasiphi na isivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe siba ngumthetho kwiRiphablikhi sakuba senziwe umthetho ngumthetho wesizwe; kodwa ummiselo ozisebenzelayo wesivumelwano esithile, ovunyiweyo yiPalamente, ungumthetho kwiRiphablikhi ngaphandle kokuba awungqinelani noMgaqo-siseko okanye noMthetho othile wePalamente.
IRiphablikhi ke ibophelelekile kwizivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe ezaziyibophelela iRiphablikhi le mhla uMgaqo-siseko waqalisa ukusebenza.
Umthetho wesithethe wamazwe ngamazwe ungumthetho apha kwiRiphablikhi ngaphandle kokuba awungqinelani noMgaqo-siseko okanye uMthetho wePalamente othile.
Umthetho wesithethe wamazwe ngamazwe ungumthetho apha kwiRiphablikhi ngaphandle kokuba awungqinelani noMgaqo-siseko okanye uMthetho wePalamente othile.
Ukuze kube nokungenwa nzulu kwintlalo yedemokhrasi esekwe nguMgaqo-siseko lo, iPalamente ingamkela iMiqulu yaMalungelo engqinelanayo nemimiselo yoMgaqo-siseko lo.
Ilungelo labantu boMzantsi Afrika bebonke lokuzimela elibonakalisiweyo kulo Mgaqo-siseko, alikuthinteli, ngokwesikhokelo salo eli lungelo, ukuthathelwa ingqalelo kwelungelo lokuzimela lalo naliphi na iqela loluntu elinamasiko nezithethe, neelwimi ezifanayo kummandla othile okwiRiphablikhi okanye elineli lungelo nangayiphi na enye indlela, eqingqwe ngumthetho wesizwe.
Ukuqinisa idemokhrasi yamaqela ngamaqela, umthetho wesizwe kufuneka umisele indlela yokunika imali amaqela ezopolitiko athabatha inxaxheba kwizindlu zowiso-mthetho, eyesizwe nezamaphondo ngendlela engenankqatho nenokulungelelana.
Zonke izimiselo zoMgaqo-siseko kufuneka zenziwe ngenkuthalo nangaphandle kokulibazisa.
lisebenzise naliphi na igunya okanye lenze nawuphi na umsebenzi lisenzela naliphi na elinye iziko likarhulumente elinolawulo oluphezulu ngokwearhente okanye ngokokuphathiswa.
kwanomthetho owawusele usebenza ukuqalisa komGago-siseko lo ukusebenza, nolawulwa ngurhulumente wephondo.
Xa kuthe kwakho ukungangqinelani phakathi kweetekisi ezahlukeneyo zoMgaqo-siseko, itekisi yesiNgesi yiyo ekuya kuhanjwa ngayo.
IShedyuli 6 isebenza kwinguqu esa kwindlela entsha yezoMgaqo-siseko esekwe ngulo Mgaqo-siseko, nakuyo nayiphi na into ezalwa yiloo nguqu.
Imithetho ekhankanywe kwiShedyuli 7 iyarhoxiswa, phantsi kwecandelo 243 neShedyuli 6.
Lo Mthetho ubizwa ngokuba nguMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996, kwaye uqalisa ukusebenza kwamsinya, ngomhla obekwe nguMongameli ngesihlokomiso, kodwa ungadlulanga umhla woku-1 kuJulayi 1997.
UMongameli angabeka eminye imihla eyahlukileyo ephambi komhla oxelwe kwicandelwana (1), eyibekela imimiselo eyahlukeneyo yoMgaqo-siseko lo.
Ngaphandle kokuba usetyenziso lunika ntsingiselo yimbi, ukuba kummiselo othile woMgaqo-siseko lo kuthethwa ngexesha owaqala ngalo uMgaqo-siseko ukusebenza, kufuneka oko kuthatyathwe ngokuthi kuthethwa ngexesha owaqala ngalo loo mmiselo ukusebenza.
Ukuba kubekwe umhla ongomnye, ubekelwa nawo nawuphi na ummiselo othile woMgaqo-siseko ngokwecandelwana (2), nawuphi na ummiselo ofana nawo woMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, 1993 (UMthetho 200 ka-1993), okhankanyiweyo kwisihlokomiso, uyarhoxiswa ukususela ngalo mhla mnye.
Amacandelo angala 213, 214, 215, 216, 218, 226, 227, 228, 229 nelama-230 aya kuqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kuJanuwari 1998, kodwa loo nto ayikuthinteli ukwenziwa, ngokwalo Mgaqo-siseko, komthetho ekuthethwa ngawo kuwo nawuphi na kule mimiselo, phambi kwalaa mhla. De ufike laa mhla nayiphi na imimiselo engqinelana nawo okanye ezalwa nguwo uMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, ihlala isebenza.
Iflegi yesizwe inamacala amane oku koxande; ubude bayo bungangobubanzi bayo obunesiqingatha.
Inombala omnyama, omthubi , oluhlaza, omhlophe, obomvu okwetshilisi, noblowu.
Inebhanti eluhlaza emise oku kuka-Y ebubanzi bayo busisihlanu sobubanzi beflegi le.
Imigca esembindini yebhanti le isuka kwikona ephezulu nakwesezantsi kufutshane nepali yeflegi, idibane embindini weflegi, ize inqamleze ukuya kumbindi weli cala libhabhayo.
Ibhanti eluhlaza inomqukumbelo omhlophe, ngasentla nangezantsi, nomthubi kweli cala lingakwipali yeflegi. Umqukumbelo ngamnye unobubanzi obusisinye kwishumi elinesihlanu lobubanzi beflegi.
Unxantathu ongakwicala lepali yeflegi umnyama.
Ibhanti engasentla enqamlezileyo ibomvu okwetshilisi, lize icala elingezantsi lebhanti enqamlezileyo libe blowu. Iyileyo kwezi bhanti inobubanzi obusisinye kwisithathu sobubanzi beflegi.
IShedyuli 2 yenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 2 loMthetho Wokuqala Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko (kwisiNgesi kuphela) ka-1997 yaza yathathelwa indawo licandelo 18 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
oluphakamileyo endingena kulo njengoMongameli/ njengeBambela-Mongameli weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, Mna, A.B.
 ndiwakhusela, ndiwakhuthaza amalungelo abo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika.
 ndizinikela kwintlalo-ntle yeRiphablikhi nabo bonke abantu bayo.
Xa isisifungo: Ngoko ke ndincede Thixo.
oluphakamileyo endingena kulo njengoSekela-Mongameli weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, Mna, A.B.
 ndizinikela kwintlalo-ntle yeRiphablikhi nabo bonke abantu bayo.
Xa isisifungo: Ngoko ke ndincede Thixo.
Mna, A.B., ndiyafunga/ndiyaqinisekisa ngokunyanisekileyo okokuba ndiya kuthembeka kwiRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika ndaye ndiya kuwuthobela, ndiwuhlonele, kanjalo ndiwuxhase uMgaqo-siseko kunye nawo wonke omnye umthetho weRiphablikhi; kanjalo ndiyathembisa ukusibamba isikhundla sam njengoMphathiswa/uSekela-Mphathiswa ngesihomo nesithozela; ndibe ngumcebisi onyanisekileyo nothembekileyo; ndingawudizi, nokuba kungokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo, nawuphi na umcimbi olihlebo ophathiswe mna; ndize ndiyenze nemisebenzi yesikhundla sam ngenkathalo nakangangoko ndinakho.
Isifungo okanye uqinisekiso olunyanisekileyo lwaMalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, aBathunywa abasiSigxina kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo kunye namalungu ezindlu ezo zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo.
Mna, A.B., ndiyafunga/ndiyangqinisa ngokunyanisekileyo okokuba ndiya kunyaniseka kwiRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika ndaye ndiya kuwuthobela, ndiwuhlonele, kanjalo ndiwuxhase uMgaqo-siseko kunye nawo wonke omnye umthetho weRiphablikhi, kanjalo ndiyathembisa ngokunyanisekileyo ukuyenza imisebenzi yam njengelungu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho /njengomthunywa osisigxina kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo/njengelendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo lase C.D. kangangoko ndinakho.
leBhunga okanye lendlu yowiso-mthetho, ngokwemeko leyo.
Mna, A.B., ndiyafunga/ndiyaqinisekisa ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba ndiya kunyaniseka kwiRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika ndaye ndiya kuwuthobela, ndiwuhlonele, ndiwuxhase uMgaqo-siseko kunye nawo wonke omnye umthetho weRiphablikhi; kanjalo ndiyathembisa ukuba ndiya kusibamba isikhundla sam njengeNkulumbuso/njengeBambela-Nkulumbuso/njengelungu leSigqeba esiLawulayo sePhondo laseC.D. ngembeko nesidima; ndibe ngumcebisi onyanisekileyo, nothembekileyo; ndingawudizi, ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo, nawuphi na umcimbi olihlebo ophathiswe mna; kanjalo ndiyenze imisebenzi yesikhundla sam ngenkathalo nakangangoko ndinakho.
Mna, A.B., ndiyafunga/ndiyangqinisa ngokunyanisekileyo okokuba ndiya kuthi, njengeJaji yeNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko/yeNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno/yeNkundla ePhezulu/yeNkundla ye-E.F. ndithembeke kwiRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, ndiwuxhase, kanjalo ndiwukhusele uMgaqo-siseko namalungelo oluntu akhuselweyo kuwo, ndaye ndiya kwenza ubulungisa busebenze ngokufanayo kubo bonke abantu ngaphandle koloyiko, okanye ukwenza idolo okanye ukudlela indlala, ngokungqinelana noMgaqo-siseko kunye nomthetho.
Umntu otyunjelwe kwisikhundla seJaji eyiNtloko ongekabi yiyo ijaji ngexesha loko kutyunjwa kufuneka afunge okanye aqinisekise phambi kweSekela-Jaji eyiNtloko, okanye ke ingeyiyo loo jaji, kube phambi kwenye ijaji yeNkundla yezoMgaqo-siseko efumanekayo, nekwinqanaba elilelona liphezulu ezantisi kweli.
Amagosa ezeejaji kunye namagosa abambeleyo ezeejaji, ngaphandle kweejaji, kufuneka afunge/aqinisekise ngokomthetho wesizwe.
nalicandelo 3 loMthetho Wethoba Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2002 nalicandelo 1 loMthetho Weshmi Elinesine Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2008.
iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho idibanela ukunyula uMongameli, okanye uSomlomo okanye uSekela-Somlomo.
indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo idibanela ukunyula iNkulumbuso yephondo elo, okanye uSomlomo okanye uSekela-Somlomo wendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo elo.
Umntu ochophele intlanganiso ekusebenza kuyo le Shedyuli kufuneka athi makuphakanyiswe amagama abazigqatsileyo kuloo ntlanganiso.
Isiphakamiso-gama kufuneka senziwe kwifomu emiselweyo yimigaqo ekhankanywe kumbandela 9.
ngamalungu amabini endlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo echaphazelekayo, ukuba kufuneka kunyulwe iNkulumbuso yephondo okanye uSomlomo okanye uSekela-Somlomo wendlu yowiso-mthetho leyo.
Umntu ogama liphakanyisiweyo kufuneka abonise ukusamkela kwakhe eso siphakamiso ngokuthi asayine ifomu yesiphakamiso okanye nangalo naluphi na olunye uhlobo lwesiqinisekiso esibhaliweyo.
Kwintlanganiso esebenzayo kuyo le Shedyuli, umntu ochopheleyo kufuneka azise amagama abantu abathe baphakanyiswa njengabavotelwa kodwa angavumeli ingxoxo kwaphela.
umntu ochopheleyo kufuneka azise ukuba loo mvotelwa ufumene isininzi seevoti unyuliwe.
Ukuba akukho mvotelwa ufumana uninzi lweevoti, umvotelwa ofumana elona nani leevoti liphantsi kufuneka akhutshwe eluhlwini ukuze kuvotwe kwakhona, kuvotelwa abavotelwa abaseleyo ngokungqinelana nombandela 6. Le nkqubo kufuneka iphindwe kude kube kho umvotelwa ofumana uninzi lweevoti.
Xa kusetyenziswa umbandelana (1), ukuba abavotelwa ababini nangaphezulu banelona nani leevoti ziphantsi emnye, kufuneka kwenziwe ivoti eyahlukileyo yabo bavotelwa, ize iphindwe kangangoko kuyimfuneko ukuze kube nokugqitywa ngaloo mvotelwa makakhutshwe eluhlwini.
Ukuba babini kuphela abavotelwa abaphakanyisiweyo, okanye ukuba babini kuphela abavotelwa abasalayo emva kokusetyenziswa komgaqo-nkqubo wokukhutshwa eluhlwini, baze abo bavotelwa babini bafumane inani elilinganayo leevoti, kufuneka kube kho enye intlanganiso ngethuba leentsuku ezisixhenxe, ngelo xesha kugqitywe ngalo ngumntu ochopheleyo.
Ukuba kube kho enye intlanganiso ngokombandelana (1), lo Mgaqo-nkqubo umiselwekule Shedyuli kufuneka usetyenziswe kuloo ntlanganiso ngokungathi yintlanganiso yokuqala yolo nyulo.
nendlela emaluqhutywe ngayo uvoto.
Le migaqo kufuneka yaziswe ngendlela egqiba ngayo iJaji eyiNtloko.
Intlokwana 9 yenziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 19 loMthetho 34 ka-2001.
Inani labathunywa abakwigqiza lephondo elikwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo, gqiza elo linelungelo kulo iqela elithile, kufuneka liqingqwe ngokuphinda-phinda inani lezihlalo elinazo iqela elo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngeshumi kuze kwahlulwe isiphumo soko ngenani lezihlalo kuloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho, kongezwe umvo.
Ukuba ubalo ngokwemigaqo yombandela 1 lukhupha inani elithe kratya kwelifunekayo, babe abathunywa abahlulelwe elo qela ngokwaloo mbandela bengaphantsi kweli nani, loo kratya kufuneka akhuphisane nookratya abalolu hlobo balo naliphi na elinye iqela okanye bawo nawaphi na amanye amaqela, ukuze nabaphi na abathunywa abangabelwanga kwigqiza babelwe iqela okanye amaqela ngokulandelelana ngokoyena kratya uphezulu.
Ukuba ngaba aba kratya bakhankanywe ku-2 ngentla apha bayalingana, aba bathunywa bangahlelwanga kwigqiza eli kufuneka ukuba babelwe iqela okanye amaqela, anokratya olinganyo ngokolandelelwano ukusuka kwelona nani leevoti liphezulu ukuya kwelona lisezantsi eliye labhalwa lalo maqela ngexesha lonyulo olugqithileyo lwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo echaphazelekayo.
Ukuba aliqela amaqela anenani elithe kratya elibhaliweyo elifanayo ngexesha lonyulo lokugqibela lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo elichaphazelekayo, iphondo elichaphazelekayo malabele abo bathunywa abangabiwanga libabele kwiqela elinenani elithe kratya elifanayo ngendlela evisisana nedemokrasi.
lalingazange lithathe inxaxheba kunyulo oludlulileyo lwelo phondo lichaphazelekayo, indlu yowiso-mthetho kufuneka ukuba abo bathunywa bangahlulwanga kwigqiza elo ibabele iqela okanye amaqela anokratya olinganayo ngendlela engangquzulaniyo nedemokhrasi.
Intlokwana 3 yongezelelwe ngecandelo 2 loMthetho 3 ka-1999 yaza yenziwa izilungiso ngecandelo 3 loMthetho 21 ka-2002.
ukuthi "uMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo" kuthetha uMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, 1993, (uMthetho 200 ka-1993).
nowokungqinelana noMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
uyaqhuba ukusetyenziswa ngaloo magunya ayewusebenzisa ukuqala kokusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, phantsi kolawulo loMgaqo-siseko omtsha lo.
ulwimi okanye iilwimi zoburhulumente, kufuneka kuthathwe njengokubhekisa kulo naluphi na ulwimi kwezi zoburhulumente phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
kwiNkulumbuso yephondo phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, ukuba usetyenziso lwaloo mthetho lwahlulelwe, okanye lunikwe, isigqeba solawulo sephondo, ngokoMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo, okanye ngokwale Shedyuli.
Nabani na obelilungu okanye ebambe isikhundla kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, ukuqalisa kokusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, uba lilungu, okanye ngumbambi-sikhundla weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, kwaye uba sesikhundleni njengelungu okanye njengombambi-sikhundla ngokwemigaqo yoMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho njengoko inala malungu achazwe ngokombandelana (1) kufuneka ithathwe njengokuba inyulwe phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, inyulelwa ithuba lokusebenza eliphela ngomhla wama-30 ku-Epreli 1999.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho inamalungu angama-400 ngethuba layo lokusebenza, eliphela ngowama-30 ku-Epreli 1999, ngokokulawulwa licandelo 49(4) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Imigaqo nemiyalelo yeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ebisebenza ukuqalisa kokusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, iyaqhuba ukusebenza ngokokulawulwa kuko nakuphi na ukutshintshwa, okanye ukurhoxiswa.
Nayiphi na imicimbi engagqitywanga ephambi kweNdibano yesiZwe ukuqala ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha kufuneka iqhutywe ngokwalo Mgaqo-siseko mtsha.
Nayiphi na imicimbi engagqitywanga ephambi kweNdlu yeeNgwevu ukuqalisa ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha kufuneka ibhekiswe kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo; iBhunga kufuneka liyiqhube loo micimbi ngokoMgaqo- siseko omtsha.
Akukho nyulo lweNdlu yoWiso-mthetho lunokwenziwa phambi komhla wama-30 ku-Epreli 1999, ngaphandle kokuba iNdlu ichithiwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 50 (2) emva kwesindululo sokuphela kokuthenjwa kukaMongameli ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 102 (2) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Icandelo 50(1) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha liyanqunyanyiswa kude kube ngumhla wama-30 ku-Epreli 1999.
nasekuvalweni kwezithuba kwiNdlu, kunye nokufakelelwa, ukuqwalaselwa kwakhona, nokusetyenziswa kwezintlu zamaqela opolitiko ekuvalweni kwezithuba, kude kube lunyulo lwesibini lweNdlu phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Icandelo 47(4) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha liyanqunyanyiswa kude kube lunyulo lwesibini lweNdlu yoWiso-mthetho phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
lingakhetha abanye abantu babe ngabathunywa abasisigxina kuphela ukuba akakho okanye angaphantsi kwenani elifunekayo akhoyo amalungu alo angaphambili eNdlu yeeNgwevu.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo kufuneka ityumbe abathunywa bayo abasisigxina ngokungqinelana nokutyunjwa neziphakamiso-magama zamaqela.
Umbandelana (2) nowesi-(3) isebenza kuphela ekutyunjweni kokuqala kwabathunywa abasisigxina kwiBhunga leSizwe.
ICandelo 62 (1) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha alisebenzi ekukhethweni nasekutyunjweni kwamalungu eNdlu yeeNgwevu angaphambili njengabathunywa abasisigxina ngokwalo mbandela.
Imigaqo nemiyalelo yeNdlu yeeNgwevu ebisebenza ukuqala ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, kufuneka isebenze kwimicimbi yeBhunga leSizwe kangangoko inokusebenziseka, ngokokwako nakuphi na ukutshintshwa okanye ukurhoxiswa.
njengomthunywa osisigxina kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo unelungelo lokuba lilungu elizeleyo elinokuvota lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo awayekhethwe kuyo njengelungu leNdlu yeeNgwevu ngokwecandelo 48 loMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo.
yowiso-mthetho yephondo loo mntu uthatyathwa njengorhoxileyo njengelungu leNdlu yeeNgwevu ngomhla ophambi kokuba uMgaqo-siseko omtsha uqalise ukusebenza.
Umvuzo, izibonelelo neemfanelo zelungu langaphambili leNdlu yeeNgwevu elityunjwe njengomthunywa osisigxina okanye njengelungu lendlu yowiso- mthetho yephondo akufuneki zithotywe ngenxa yoko kutyunjwa kuphela.
Nabani na owayenguMongameli, uSekela-Mongameli oLawulayo, uMphathiswa okanye uSekela-Mphathiswa phantsi koMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo, ukuqalisa ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, uyaqhuba abambe isikhundla eso ngokoMgaqo-siseko omtsha, kodwa ngokokulawulwa ngumbandelana (2).
Kude kube ngumhla wama-30 ku-Epreli 1999, amacandelo 84, 89, 90, 91, 93 nelama-96, oMgaqo-siseko omtsha kufuneka athatyathwe njengafundeka ngendlela ekucaciswe ngayo kwisiHlomelo B sale Shedyuli.
Umbandelana (2) awumthinteli uMphathiswa owayelilungu leNdlu yeeNgwevu ukuqala ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, ukuba aqhube ukuba nguMphathiswa ekubhekiselwe kuye kwicandelo 91(1)(a) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha, ngokwendlela elifundeka ngayo elo candelo kwisiHlomelo B.
yephondo ukuqalisa ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, uba lilungu okanye umbambi-sikhundla wendlu yowiso-mthetho yelo phondo phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, abambe isikhundla njengelungu okanye umbambi-sikhundla ngokoMgaqo-siseko omtsha nangokwawo nawuphi na uMgaqo-siseko wephondo onokuthi wenziwe.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo njengoko imiselwe ngokombandelana (1) kufuneka ithatyathwe njengenyuliweyo phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, inyulelwe ithuba eliphelelwa ngomhla wama-30 ku-Epreli 1999.
Ngethuba eqhuba ngalo ukusebenza, eliphelelwa ngomhla wama-30 ku-Epreli nangokokulawulwa licandelo 108 (4), indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo inenani lamalungu ayeqingqelwe loo ndlu yowiso-mthetho phantsi komGaqo- siseko owandulela lo, kunye nenani lamalungu eNdlu yeeNgwevu awaba ngamalungu endlu yowiso-mthetho leyo ngokombandela 8 wale Shedyuli.
Imigaqo nemiyalelo yendlu yowiso-mthetho ebisebenza ukuqala ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, ihlala isebenza, kodwa isengatshintshwa okanye irhoxiswe.
nasekuvalweni kwezithuba kwindlu yowiso-mthetho, naxa kufakelelwa, kuqwalaselwa kwakhona kuze kusetyenziswe izintlu zamaqela ukuvala izithuba, kude kube lunyulo lwesibini lwendlu yowiso-mthetho phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
yowiso-mthetho yephondo ide ibe lunyulo lwesibini lwendlu yowiso-mthetho phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Nabani na owayeyiNkulumbuso okanye ilungu leSigqeba esiLawulayo sephondo ukuqalisa koMgaqo-siseko omtsha ukusebenza, uyaqhuba kweso sikhundla ngokoMgaqo-siseko omtsha nawo nawuphi na uMgaqo-siseko wephondo onokuthi wenziwe, kodwa ngokokulawulwa ngumbandelana (2).
UMgaqo-siseko wephondo ophunyezwe phambi kokusebenza kwalo Mgaqo-siseko mtsha kufuneka ungqinelane necandelo 143 loMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Umthetho omalunga nomcimbi okwindawo yomsebenzi edweliswe kwiShedyuli 4 okanye 5, yoMgaqo-siseko omtsha, owawulawulwa sisiphatha-mandla esikwisigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu, ukuqalisa koMgaqo-siseko omtsha ukusebenza, unganikezelwa nguMongameli ngesihlokomiso, kwisiphatha-mandla esikwisigqeba sephondo esinolawulo oluphezulu esityunjwe siSigqeba esiLawulayo sephondo elo.
alungelelanise nawuphi na omnye umcimbi oyimfuneko ngenxa yonikezelo olo, kubandakanywa ukutshintshwa, okanye ukubolekaniswa kwabasebenzi, okanye ukugqithiselwa kwezinto eziyinzuzo, kwamatyala, kwamalungelo nezimiselo, zisiwe okanye zimkiswe kwisigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu okanye esephondo elithile; okanye kulo naliphi na isebe likarhulumente, ulawulo, inkonzo yokhuselo, okanye elinye iziko.
(a) Ikopi yesihlokomiso ngasinye esikhutshwe ngokombandelana (1) okanye (2) kufuneka ithunyelwe kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho nakwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo ngeentsuku ezili-10 sipapashiwe isihlokomiso.
ilungelo okanye inyhweba ethe yafumaneka okanye isimiselo okanye ubutyala ekungenwe kubo phambi kokuba siphelelwe/uphelelwe.
Wakuba umthetho unikezelwa phantsi kombandelana (1), nakuphi na ukukhankwanywa, emthethweni lowo, kwesiphatha-mandla esiwusebenzisayo, kufuneka kuthatyathwe njengokubhekisa kwisiphatha-mandla esinikezelwe wona.
Nakuphi na ukunikezelwa komthetho phantsi kwecandelo 235(8) loMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo, kubandakanywa nakuphi na ukutshintshwa, ukulungelelaniswa, okanye ukurhoxiswa nokwenziwa ngokutsha kwawo nawuphi na umthetho kanjalo naliphi na inyathelo elithatyathwe phantsi kwelo candelo, lithatyathwa ngokuba lenziwe phantsi kwalo mbandela.
Isiphatha-mandla esikwisigqeba sesizwe esinolawulo oluphezulu esithi xa uMgaqo-siseko omtsha uqala ukusebenza, sibe sisebenzisa nawuphi na umthetho owela ngaphandle kwegunya lowiso-mthetho lePalamente, sihlala sigunyazisiwe ukuwusebenzisa loo mthetho ude ube unikezelwe kwigunya elikwisigqeba sephondo esinolawulo oluphezulu ngokombandela 14 wale Shedyuli.
Umbandelana (1) uyaphelelwa emva kweminyaka emibini emva kokuba uMgaqo-siseko omtsha uqalisile ukusebenza.
nokungqinelana noMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
(a) INkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eyasekwa nguMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo iba yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko phantsi kwalo Mgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Isiqendwana 16(2) (b) sicinywe ngecandelo 20 (a) loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
(a) ICandelo leziBheno leNkundla ePhakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika liba yiNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Isiqendwana 16(3) (b) sicinywe ngecandelo 20 loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
(a) Icandelo lephondo okanye leengingqi leNkundla ePhakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika okanye inkundla ephakamileyo yephandle okanye icandelo ngokubanzi laloo nkundla, liba yiNkundla ePhezulu phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha kungabikho nakuphi na ukuguqulwa kwindawo yayo yokusebenza, ngokokulawulwa kuko nakuphi na ukuhlenga-hlengisa okuthelekelelwa kumbandelana (6).
Nabani na obambe isikhundla okanye othatyathwa njengobambe isikhundla njengoMongameli-Jaji, uSekela-Mongameli-Jaji okanye ijaji yenkundla exelwa kumhlathi (a), ukuqalisa kokusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, uba nguMongameli-Jaji, uSekela-Mongameli-Jaji okanye ijaji yaloo nkundla phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, ngokokulawulwa lulo naluphi na uhlenga-hlengiso oluthelekelelwe kumbandelana (6).
necandelo lephondo okanye leengingqi leNkundla ePhakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika okanye inkundla ephakamileyo yephandle okanye icandelo ngokubanzi laloo nkundla, kufuneka kuthatyathwe njengokubhekisa kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo.
(a) Ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka emva kokuba uMgaqo-siseko omtsha uqalisile ukusebenza, zonke iinkundla, kubandakanywa ukwakheka, amalungu azo, ukusebenza nolawulo lwazo, kunye nayo yonke imithetho enxulumene nazo, kufunekazihlenga-hlengiswe ngeenjongo zokuseka inkqubo yezeejaji efanele iimfuno zoMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Ilungu leKhabinethi elijongene nolawulo lobulungisa, lisebenza emva kokubonisana neKhomishini yeNkonzo yezeeJaji, kufuneka lisingathe olo hlenga-hlengiso luthelekelelwa kumhlathi (a).
nobebambe isikhundla njengeSekela-Jaji eyiNtloko uba nguSekela-Mongameli weNkundla ePhakamileyo yeZibheno, njengoko kuchazwa kwicandelo 168 (1) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Yonke imithetho, imigaqo nezikhokelo ezenziwe nguMongameli weNKundla yezoMgaqo-siseko okanye yiJaji eyiNtloko ebisebenza kutsha nje phambi kokuba uqalise ukusebenza uMthetho oyiConstitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act ka-2001, ziyaqhuba ukusebenza de zibe zitshitshisiwe okanye zenziwe izilungiso.
Ngaphandle kokuba kukho ukungangqinelani nomxholo, okanye ukungafaneleki okucacileyo, xa, kuwo nawuphi na umthetho okanye inkqubeko, kubhekiswa kwiJaji eyiNtloko okanye kuMongameli weNKundla yezoMgaqo-siseko, kufuneka kuthathwe ukuba kubhekiswa kwiJaji eyiNtloko njengoko ichazwa kwicandelo 167 (1) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Isiqendwana (7) songezelelwe ngecandelo 20 (b) loMthetho Wesithandathu Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2001.
Onke amatyala awaye engekagqitywa phambi kwenkundla ukuqalisa koMgaqo-siseko omtsha ukusebenza, kufuneka agqitywe njengokungathi uMgaqo-siseko omtsha awukhange wenziwe umthetho, ngaphandle kokuba iimfuno zobulungisa zifuna kwenziwe ngandlela yimbi.
Icandelo 108 loMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo liyaqhuba ukusebenza ude uMthetho wePalamente othelekelelwa kwicandelo 179 loMgaqo-siseko omtsha uqalise ukusebenza. Lo mbandelana awukuchaphazeli ukutyunjwa koMlawuli weSizwe wezokuTshutshisa ngokwecandelo 179.
UMtshutshisi-Jikelele obambe isikhundla ukuqala koMgaqo-siseko omtsha ukusebenza, uyaqhuba ukusebenza ngokomthetho osebenzayo kweso sikhundla, ngokokulawulwa ngumbandelana (1).
Umntu oqhubayo ukuba sesikhundleni ngokweShedyuli le nothe wathabatha isifungosesikhundla eso okanye wenza isingqiniso esinyanisekileyo phantsi koMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo, akanyanzelekanga ukuba aphinde asithabathe isifungo sesikhundla okanye isingqiniso esinyanisekileyo phantsi koMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
iBhodi yeeLwimi zoNke zoMzantsi Afrika (Pan South African Language Board).
nokuhambelana noMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Amacandelo 199(1), 200 (1), (3) nelesi-(5) ukuya kwele-(11) nelama-201 ukuya kwelama-206 oMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo ayaqhuba esebenza ade arhoxiswe nguMthetho wePalamente opasiswe ngokwecandelo 75, loMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Amalungu eKhomishini yeeNkonzo zobuLungisa ekhankanywe kwicandelo 105 (1) (h) loMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo ayayeka ukuba ngamalungu eKhomishini akuthi amalungu akhankanywe kwicandelo 178 (1) (i) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha etyunjiwe.
nakukungqinelana noMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Icandelo 184 A nele-184 (b) (1) (a), (b) no (d) oMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo ayaqhuba esebenza ade arhoxiswe nguMthetho wePalamente opasiswe ngokwecandelo 75 loMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
wephondo, loo mthetho kufuneka wenziwe ligunya elifanele ukuwenza ngexesha elililo wakuba uMgaqo-siseko omtsha uqalile ukusebenza.
Icandelo 198 (b) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha alinakusetyenziswa ude umthetho ekuthethwa ngawo kwelo candelo ube wenziwe.
Icandelo 199 (3)(a) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha alinakusetyenziswa phambi kokuba kuphele iinyanga ezintathu emva kokuba umthetho ekuthethwa ngawo kwelo candelo ube wenziwe.
Umthetho wesizwe ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelo 217 (3) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha kufuneka wenziwe ngethuba leminyaka emithathu ukususela kumhla owaqala ngawo ukusebenza uMgaqo-siseko omtsha, kodwa ukungabi kho kwalo mthetho ngeli thuba akukuthinteli ukusebenziseka kwenkqubo-sikhokelo ekuthethwa ngayo kwicandelo 217 (2).
De ube wenziwe uMthetho wePalamente ekubhekiswa kuwo kwicandelo 65 (2) lalo Mgaqo-siseko mtsha, indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngalinye ingazigqibela ngoMgaqo-nkqubo wokunika igunya kwiqela labathunywa balo ukuze bavote egameni lephondo elo kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo.
Ude ube wenziwe umthetho ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelo 229 (1)(b) lalo Mgaqo-siseko mtsha, umasipala usenakho ukumisela irhafu, intlawuliso okanye intlawulelo-zinto awayenikwe igunya lokuzimisela ukuqalisa kokusebenza koMgaqo-siseko lo.
Nangona ikho eminye imimiselo yoMgaqo-siseko omtsha, futhi nangona urhoxisiwe uMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo, yonke imimiselo ephathelele kuxolelo equlethwe kuMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo phantsi kwesihloko esithi, UManyano lweSizwe noXolelwaniso ithatyathwa njengenxalenye yalo Mgaqo-siseko mtsha ngeenjongo zoMthetho oyiPromotion of National Unity and Reconciliation ka-1995 (uMthetho 34 ka-1995), njengoko utshintshiweyo, kubandakanywa neenjongo zokuthi ube ngumthetho osebenzayo.
Ngokwakumbandelana (1), umhla '6 Disemba 1993' apho uvela kwimiqathango yoMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo, phantsi kwesihloko esithi 'UManyano lweSizwe noXolelwaniso', kufuneka ufundwe '11 Meyi 1994'.
Isiqendwana 22(2) songezelelwe ngecandelo 3 loMthetho Wokuqala Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1997.
Umthetho wesizwe ekuthethwa ngawo kumacandelo 9(4), 32(2) nelama-33(3) oMgaqo-siseko omtsha kufuneka wenziwe ngethuba leminyaka emithathu ukususela kumhla owathi uMgaqo-siseko omtsha waqalisa ngawo ukusebenza.
'(1) Wonke ubani unelungelo lokufikelela kulo lonke ulwazi olusezandleni zikarhulumente okanye nawaphi na amaziko akhe kuso nasiphi na isigaba sikarhulumente xa olo lwazi lufunelwa ukusetyenziswa okanye ukukhuselwa kwawo nawaphi na amalungelo akhe.'
nakwinyathelo elithathiweyo ngabalawulayo elifanelekileyo ngokuphathelele kwizizathu ezinikiweyo zokuthathwa kwalo xa kukho nawaphi na kumalungelo akhe achatshazelweyo okanye asengozini.
Icandelo 32(2) nelama-33(3) oMgaqo-siseko omtsha ayaphelelwa ukuba umthetho ekuthethwa ngawo kuloo macandelo, ngokulandelana, awenziwanga ngethuba leminyaka emithathu ukususela ngomhla othe uMgaqo-siseko waqalisa ngawo ukusebenza.
nokungqinelana noMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
IKhomishini yeNkonzo yakwaRhulumente kunye neekhomishini zeenkonzo zamaphondo ekuthethwa ngazo kwiSahluko 13 soMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo ziyaqhuba ukusebenza ngokweso Sahluko kunye nomthetho osebenza kuso ngokungathi eso Sahluko zange sirhoxiswe, ide iKhomishini kunye neekhomishini zeenkonzo zamaphondo zichithwe nguMthetho wePalamente opasiswe ngokwecandelo 75 loMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
nakukungqinelana noMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Nabani na owathi xa uMgaqo-siseko omtsha uqalisa ukusebenza wabe ebhantinta, egwetywe apha kwiRiphablikhi isigwebo sokuvalelwa ithuba elingaphezu kweenyanga ezili-12 kungekho fayini, akakulungelanga ukuba lilungu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho okanye lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
kuyaphela emva kweminyaka emihlanu emva kokuba isigwebo sigqityiwe.
imimiselo yoMthetho oyiLocal Government Transition Act ka-1993 (uMthetho 209 ka1993), enokutshintshwa kumaxesha ngamaxesha ngumthetho wesizwe ngokungqinelana nalo Mgaqo-siseko mtsha, iya kuhlala isebenza ngokuphathelele kwiKhansile kaMasipala de ibekwe njengenyuliweyo iKhansile kaMasipala ethatha indawo yaloo Khansile, ngenxa yonyulo llikawonke-wonke lokuqala lweeKhansile zooMasipala emva koMgaqo-siseko omtsha; kananjalo.
Isiqendwana 26(1)(a) sithathelwa indawo licandelo 5 (a) loMthetho Wesixhenxe Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1998.
inkokeli yemveli yoluntu oluhleli ngokwenkqubo yomthetho wesintu kwaye luhlala kumhlaba okwingingqi yekhansile yengingqi yexeshana, okanye wekhansile yexeshana yasemaphandleni okanye wekhansile yabameli yexeshana, ekuthethwa ngazo kuMthetho oyiLocal Government Transition Act ka-1993, notyunjwe ngokoluya hlobo luchazwe kwicandelo 182 loMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo, ulilungu laloo khansile ngokwesikhundla sakhe de ibe ibekwe njengenyuliweyo iKhansile kaMasipala ethatha indawo yaloo khansile, ngenxa yonyulo llikawonke-wonke lokuqala lweeKhansile zooMasipala emva kokuba uqalisile ukusebenza uMgaqo-siseko omtsha.
Isiqendwana 26 (b) sithathelwa indawo licandelo 5(a) loMthetho Wesibini Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1998.
Icandelo lama-245 (4) loMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo liyaqhuba ukusebenza kude ukusetyenziswa kwalo eli candelo kuphelelwe. Icandelo 16 (5) nele (6) loMthetho oyiLocal Government Transition Act ka-1993, alinakurhoxiswa phambi komhla wama-30 ku-Epreli 2000.
Isiqendwana 26(2) senziwe izilungiso ngecandelo 5 (b) loMthetho Wesibini Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-1998.
Icandelo 82 nele-124 oMgaqo-siseko omtsha awakuchaphazeli ukugcinwa khuselekileyo kweMithetho yePalamente okanye iMithetho yamaphondo ehunyezwe phambi kokuba uMgaqo-siseko omtsha uqalise ukusebenza.
Xa lithe igunya elithile elinelungelo laveza isetifikethi esibonisa ukuba ipropati ethile engenakususwa eyekaRhulumente iphantsi kolawulo lwesigaba esithile sikarhulumente ngokwecandelo lama - 239 loMgaqo-siseko owandulela lo, kufuneka umbhalisi weziqinisekiso-bunini asibhale eso setifikethi okanye isiqinisekiso kwirejista okanye kwisiqinisekiso-mhlaba okanye kolunye uxwebhu, ngokwenjenjalo abe ubhalisa loo propati ingenakususwa egameni laloo rhulumente.
Akukho ntlawulelo-zinto, namali okanye nakuphi na ukuhlawuliswa okubizwayo malunga nokubhaliswa ngokwecandelwana (1).
'1 Amaqela abhaliswe ngokomthetho wesizwe angenele ugqatso lonyulo lweNdlu yowWiso-mthetho, aya kuphakamisa amagama abavotelwa bolo nyulo kwizintlu zabavotelwa ezilungisiweyo ngokungqinelana nale Shedyuli kunye nomthetho wesizwe.'
Isiqingatha sezihlalo siya kuzaliswa ngokwezintlu zemimandla ezingeniswe ngamaqela azo, kukho inani eliqingqiweyo lezihlalo ezibekelwe ummandla ngamnye njengoko kumiselweyo yiKhomishini yonyulo olulandelayo lweNdlu, kuthathelwe ingqalelo iinkcukacha ezisekelwe kwezobunzululwazi ezikhoyo ngokumayela nabavoti, kunye nokumelwa ngamaqela anomdla.
Esinye isiqingatha sezihlalo siya kuzaliswa ngokwezintlu ezikwisigaba sesizwe ezingeniswe ngamaqela azo, okanye kwizintlu zemimandla apho izintlu ezikwisigaba sesizwe zingazange zingeniswe.
'3 Izintlu zabavotelwa ezingeniswe liqela ziya kuthi xa zizonke ziqulathe amagama angekhongaphezulu kwenani labavotelwa elilingana nenani lezihlalo kwiNdlu yeSizwe, kwaye uluhlu ngalunye kuzo luya kubonisa loo magama ngaloo ndlela iqingqekileyo yokulandelelana ikhethwe liqela elo.'
'(a) Isabelo seevoti kwisihlalo ngasinye siya kuqingqwa ngokwahlula inani leevoti zizonke ezifakiweyo kwisigaba sesizwe ngenani lezihlalo ezikwiNdlu yowiso-nthetho, kudityaniswe nomvo, ukuze isiphumo esidityaniswe nomvo, elahliwe amaqhezu, sibe sisabelo seevoti sesihlalo ngasinye.'
leevoti ezifakiweyo kwisigaba sesizwe, selisusiwe inani leevoti ezifakwe kwisigaba sesizwe, zizeloo qela likhankanyiweyo kumhlathi (a), ngenani lezihlalo ezikwiNdlu, kudityaniswe nomvo, kususwe inani lezihlalo ezabelwe, ekugqibeleni, iqela elixeliweyo ngokomhlathi (a).
'10 Inani lezihlalo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngalinye liya kuba njengoko kumiselwe ngokwecandelo 105 loMgaqo-siseko omtsha.'
'(11) Amaqela abhalisiweyo ngokomthetho wesizwe, angenele unyulo lwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, aya kuphakamisa amagama abavotelwa awase kuloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo Ãªkwizintlu zephondo ezilungiswe ngokungqinelana nale Shedyuli kunye nomthetho wesizwe.'
Emva kokuba ukubalwa kweevoti kugqityiwe, inani labathunywa beqela ngalinye liqondiwe, nesiphumo sonyulo sibhengeziwe ngokwecandelo 190 loMgaqo-siseko omtsha, iKhomishini iya kuthi, kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kweso sibhengezo, ityumbe kuluhlu ngalunye lwabavotelwa, olupapashiweyo ngokomthetho wesizwe, abathunywa beqela ngalinye kwindlu yowiso-mthetho.
Emva kokutyunjwa ngokombandelana (1), ukuba igama lomvotelwa livela kwizintlu ezimbini nangaphezulu zeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho okanye kuluhlu lweNdlu yoWiso-mthetho nakolwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo (ukuba unyulo lweNdibano nolwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo lubanjwe ngexesha elinye) abe lo mvotelwa eza kutyunjwa njengomthunywa kwiindawo ezimbini nangaphezulu, eli qela layingenise ezo zintlu liya kuthi, ngethuba leentsuku ezimbini emva kweso sibhengezo, lixele kwiKhomishini ukuba loo mvotelwa uya kutyunjwa koluphi uluhlu okanye loo mvotelwa uya kusebenza kweyiphi indlu yowiso-mthetho, ngokwemeko leyo, lize ke igama laloo mvotelwa lisuswe kwezinye izintlu.
IKhomishini iya kuthi ngoko nangoko ilupapashe uluhlu lwamagama abathunywa kwindlu yowiso-mthetho okanye kwizindlu zowiso-mthetho.
'(b) umthunywa utyunjwa njengomthunywa osisigxina kwiBhunga leSizwe laMaphondo.'
'19 Izintlu zabavotelwa zeqela ezikhankanywe kumbandela 16 (1) zingahlonyelelwa kube kanye kuphela nangaliphi na ixesha ngethuba leenyanga ezili-12 zokuqala emva komhla okugqitywe ngawo ukutyunjwa kwabathunywa ngokombandela 16, kuhlonyelelwe ukuze kuvalwe izithuba: Phantsi komqathango othi oko kuhlonyelwa kuya kwenziwa ekupheleni koluhlu'.
inguye olandelayo kwabafanele ukukhethwa, kuluhlu olo, evuma nokuvuma.
Igama elikhethiweyo ukuvala isithuba liya kuthunyelwa kuSomlomo weNdlu ngokubhaliweyo.
Ukuba iqela elimelweyo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho liyachithakala okanye liyayeka ukubakho aze amalungu amele lona azishiye izikhundla zawo ngombandela 23 A (1), izihlalo abekuzo ziya kulungelelaniswa apho kufunekayo, zize zabelwe amaqela aseleyo njengokungathi ezo zihlalo zizihlalo ezinikezelweyo ngokombandela 7 okanye 14, ngokwemeko leyo.
Umntu uyalahlekelwa bubulungu bendlu yowiso-mthetho ekusebenza kuyo le Shedyuli ukuba loo mntu uyayeka ukuba lilungu leqela elalimkhethile njengelungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho.
Nangona ukho umbandelana (1) naliphi na iqela lezopolitiko elikhoyo lingathi nangaliphi na ixesha lilitshintshe igama lalo.
UMthetho wePalamente ungathi, ngethuba elifanelekileyo, emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko omtsha, uphunyezwe ngokungqinelana necandelo 76 (1) loMgaqo-siseko omtsha ukuze kutshintshwe lo mbandela kwanombandela 23 ukuze kumiswe indlela ekunokwenzeka ngayo ukuba ilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho elithi liyeke ukuba lilungu leqela elaye lilityumbile lingalahlekelwa bubulungu baloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho.
naliphi na iqela lizahlula-hlule libe ngamaqela amabini nangaphezulu.
Ukuguzulwa kombandela 24.
'iKhomishini' ithetha iKhomishini yoNyulo ekuthethwa ngayo kwicandelo 190 loMgaqo-siseko omtsha'.
'uMgaqo-siseko omtsha' uthetha uMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996'.
Ukuguzulwa kombandela 26.
naphambi kokuxolela okanye ukunqumamisa isigwebo sabo nabaphi na abaphuli-mthetho.
'(3) Icandelwana (1) nelesi-(2) asebenza nakuSekela-Mongameli oLawulayo.'
'(a) uSekela-Mongameli oLawulayo otyunjwe nguMongameli.'
kwanaye abe mnye kuphela uMphathiswa ongelolungu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, otyunjwe ngokwecandelwana (13), ukuba ngaba uMongameli, esebenza ngokubonisana nooSekela-Mongameli abaLawulayo kunye neenkokeli zamaqela anenxaxheba, ukubona ukutyunjwa kwaloo Mphathiswa kuluncedo.
Iqela ngalinye elinezihlalo ezingama-80 ubuncinane kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthethlo linelungelo lokutyumba uSekela-Mongameli oLawulayo phakathi kwamalungu eNdlu.
Ukuba akukho qela linazo, okanye linye kuphela iqela elinazo izihlalo ezingama-80 nangaphezulu kwiNdlu, iqela elinelona nani likhulu lezihlalo neqela lesibini ukuba nelona nani likhulu lezihlalo, ilelo linelungelo lokutyumba uSekela-Mongameli oLawulayo abe mnye phakathi kwamalungu eNdlu.
Esakuba etyunjiwe, uSekela-Mongameli oLawulayo lowo angakhetha ukuhlala elilungu leNdlu okanye ayeke ukuba lilo.
USekela-Mongameli oLawulayo angawasebenzisa loo magunya kwaye kufuneka enze naloo misebenzi, amiselwe/imiselwe nguMgaqo-siseko kwisikhundla sikaSekela-Mongameli oLawulayo nalawo magunya, naleyo misebenzi yabelwe eso sikhundla nguMongameli.
ade umntu onyulelwe ukuba nguMongameli emva kwalo naluphi na unyulo lweNdlu yo/wiso-mthetho olubanjwe phambi kowama-30 ku-Epreli 1999, angene esikhundleni.
Isithuba kwisikhundla sikaSekela-Mongameli oLawulayo singavalwa liqela ebelityumbe loo Sekela-Mongameli.
Iqela elinezihlalo ezingama-20 ubuncinane kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, neligqibe ekubeni lithabathe inxaxheba kurhulumente womanyano lwesizwe, linelungelo lokwabelwa isikhundla seKhabinethi sibe sinye okanye zibe ngaphezulu ekuthi abaPhathiswa ekuthethwa ngabo kwicandelwana (1)(a) batyunjelwe zona, ngokobungaphi bezihlalo elinazo kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, nangokungqinelana nenani lezihlalo anazo amanye amaqela athabatha inxaxheba.
Isabelo sezihlalo kwisikhundla ngasinye kufuneka siqingqwe ngokwahlula-hlula inani lilonke lezihlalo ezikwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho zamaqela onke athabatha inxaxheba sezidibene, ngenani lezikhundla abaza kutyunjelwa zona abaPhathiswa ekuthethwa ngabo kwicandelwana (1) (a), kudityaniswe umvo.
Isiphumo, xa sekulahlwe idesimali yesithathu nezilandelayo, ukuba zikho, siso ke esisisabelo sezihlalo zesikhundla ngasinye.
Inani lezikhundla ezabelwa iqela elithabatha inxaxheba liqingqwa ngokwahlula-hlula inani lilonke lezihlalo zelo qela kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ngesabelo ekuthethwa ngaso kumhlathi (b).
Ngokokulawulwa ngumhlathi (e), isiphumo sinika inani lezikhundla emazabelwe elo qela.
Apho ukusetyenziswa kwale ndlela ingasentla kukhupha inani elithe chatha, eligqithayo kwinani lezihlalo ezabelwe iqela, elo nani lithe chatha likhuphisana namanye amanani athe chatha avelele elinye iqela okanye amanye amaqela, ukuze isikhundla okanye izikhundla ezingenamntu zabelwe iqela elinochatha, okanye amaqela anoochatha, ngokokulandelelana, kuqalwe ngelona linochatha omkhulu.
athi xa kuyimfuneko, avale isithuba kwisikhundla soMphathiswa, ngokokulawulwa ngumhlathi (b).
nokusetyenziswa kwegunya ekuthethwa ngalo kumhlathi (b) okanye (e) welo candelwana, gunya elo lichaphazela umntu olilungu leqela likaMongameli, isigqibo sikaMongameli siyema.
Ukuba ukuqingqwa okuthile kolwabelo lwezikhundla kuyatshintsha-tshintshwa phantsi kwecandelwana (10)(c), abaPhathiswa abachaphazelekayo kufuneka bazishiye izikhundla zabo, kodwa bafanelekile ukuba, apho kunokwenzeka, bangaphinda batyunjelwe kwizikhundla ezizezinye ezabelwe amaqela abo ngokuqingqwa oko kutshintsha-tshintshiweyo.
emva kokubonisana nooSekela-Mongameli abaLawulayo kunye neenkokeli zamaqela athabatha inxaxheba, kufuneka alunqumamise naluphi na utyumbo olwenziwe phantsi komhlathi (a) ukuba kuba yimfuneko ngokweenjongo zoMgaqo-siseko okanye ukuze urhulumente asebenze kakuhle.
Iintlanganiso zeKhabhinethi kufuneka zonganyelwe nguMongameli, okanye, ngokomyalelo kaMongameli, nguSekela-Mongameli oLawulayo: Kukhunjulelwe ukuba ooSekela-Mongameli abaLawulayo bongamela iintlanganiso zeKhabhinethi ngokubolekisana ngaphandle kokuba iimeko nemibandela karhulumente kwanomoya wokuqonda ubuntoni borhulumente womanyano lwesizwe ufuna kwenziwe ngenye indlela.
IKhabhinethi kufuneka isebenze ngendlela ewukhathaleleyo umoya wokufuna imvumelwano oqulethwe kukuqondwa kobuntoni borhulumente womanyano wesizwe nekhathalele imfuneko yokusebenza kukarhulumente ngokunemfezeko.
UMongameli angathi, emva kokubonisana nooSekela-Mongameli abaLawulayo kunye neenkokeli zamaqela athabatha inxaxheba kwiKhabinethi, aseke izikhundla zamasekela abaphathiswa.
Iqela elinelungelo lokwabelwa isikhundla esinye okanye nangaphezulu zamasekela abaphathiswa ngomlinganiselo ofanayo nangendlela efanayo neyokwabiwa kwezikhundla zeKhabhinethi.
Imimiselo yecandelo 91 (10) ukuya kwele-(12) iyasebenza ineenguqulelo eziyimfuneko ngokumayela nooSekela-baPhathiswa; ke koko kusetyenziswa kwale mimiselo ukukhankanya uMphathiswa okanye isikhundla, kwelo candelo, kufuneka kufundwe njengokuba kukhankanya uSekela-Mphathiswa okanye isikhundla sosekela-Mphathiswa ngokulandelelana.
nakuphi na ukukhankanywa kwaloo Mphathiswa kuwo nawuphi na umthetho, kufuneka kuthatyathwe njengokubandakanya ukukhankanywa koSekela-Mphathiswa osebenza ngokolwabelo oluphantsi komhlathi (a) olwenziwe nguMphathiswa asebenza egameni lakhe uSekela-Mphathiswa lowo.
Nanini na uSekela-Mphathiswa engekho okanye ngaso nasiphi na isizathu engenakho ukusebenzisa nawaphi na kamagunya okanye ukwenza nayiphi na imisebenzi yesikhundla, uMongameli angatyumba nawuphi na omnye uSekela-Mphathiswa okanye nawuphi na omnye umntu ukuba asebenze endaweni yaloo Sekela-Mphathiswa kuthethwa ngaye, ngokubanzi okanye ekusebenziseni naliphi na igunya elixeliweyo okanye ekwenzeni nawuphi na umsebenzi oxeliweyo.
(3) AbaPhathiswa bajongwe ingulowo nguMongameli nayiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ekuphatheni izikhundla zabo, aye onke amalungu eKhabhinethi nawo ngokwawo kufuneka athembeke ngokudibeneyo kubaPhathiswa ekwenzeni imisebenzi karhulumente wesizwe nasekugcineni iinkqubo-zikhokelo zakhe.
AbaPhathiswa kufuneka baziphathe izikhundla zabo ngokungqinelana nenkqubo-sikhokelo eqingqwe yiKhabhinethi.
Ukuba uMphathiswa uyasilela ukusiphatha isikhundla ngokungqinelana nenkqubo-sikhokelo yeKhabhinethi, uMongameli angayalela ukuba athi uMphathiswa lowo enze ukuba uphatho lweso sikhundla lungqinelane naloo nkqubo-sikhokelo.
ukuba nguMphathiswa okhankanywe kwicandelo 91 (1)(b), emva kokubonisana nooSekela-Mongameli abaLawulayo kunye neenkokeli zamaqela athabatha inxaxheba.'.
Isogqeba esiLawulayo sephondo sinala malungu: iNkulumbuso, kunye namalungu angekho ngaphezulu kwe-10 atyunjwe yiNkulumbuso ngokungqinelana neli candelo.
Iqela elinezihlalo ezili-10 lepesenti ubuncinane kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo nelithe lagqiba ekubeni lithabathe inxaxheba kurhulumente womanyano lwesizwe, linelungelo lokwabelwa isikhundla esinye okanye ezingaphezulu zeSigqeba esiLawulayo ngokobungaphi benani lezihlalo elinazo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho, ngokulungelelene nenani lezihlalo anazo amanye amaqela athabatha inxaxheba.
iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, kufuneka kufundwe njengokuthi kukhankanywa indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
athi, xa kuyimfuneko, avale isithuba kwisikhundla selungu leSigqeba esiLawulayo, ngokokulawulwa ngumhlathi (b).
kwanokusetyenziswa kwegunya ekuthethwa ngalo kumhlathi (b) okanye (e) welaa candelwana, gunya elo lichaphazela umntu olilungu leqela leNkulumbuso, isigqibo seNkulumbuso siyema.
Ukuba ukuqingqwa okuthile kolwabelo lwezikhundla kuyatshintsha-tshintshwa phantsi kwecandelwana (4)(c), la malungu achaphazelekayo kufuneka azishiye izikhundla zawo, kodwa afanelekile ukuba, apho kunokwenzeka, angaphinda atyunjelwe kwizikhundla ezizezinye ezabelwe amaqela awo ngokokuqingqwa oko kutshintsha-tshintshiweyo.
Iintlanganiso zeSigqeba esiLawulayo kufuneka zonganyelwe yiNkulumbuso yephondo.
ISigqeba esiLawulayo kufuneka sisebenze ngendlela ekhathalela umoya wokufuna imvumelwano oqulethwe kukuqondwa kobuntoni borhulumente womanyano lwesizwe, nekhathalela imfuneko yokusebenza kukarhulumente ngemfezeko.
(3) Amalungu eZigqeba eziLawulayo ajongwe, lilelo ubuqu, yiNkulumbuso nayindlu yoWiso-mthetho yephondo ekuphatheni izikhundla zawo, aye onke amalungu eSigqeba esiLawulayo nawo ngokwawo athembeke ngokukwanjalo, ngokudibeneyo, malunga nokuqhutywa kwemisebenzi karhulumente wephondo kwaneenkqubo-sikhokelo zakhe.
Amalungu eSigqeba esiLawulayo kufuneka aziphathe izikhundla zawo ngokungqinelana nenkqubo-sikhokelo eqingqwe siSigqeba eso.
Ukuba ilungu leSigqeba esiLawulayo liyasilela ukusiphatha isikhundla ngokungqinelana nenkqubo-sikhokelo yeSigqeba, iNkulumbuso ingayalela ilungu elo ukuba liphathe isikhundla eso salo ngendlela efana naloo nkqubo-sikhokelo.
Ukuba ilungu elichaphazelekayo liyasilela ukuhamba ngokomyalelo weNkulumbuso phantsi kwecandelwana (5), iNkulumbuso ingalisusa ilungu elo esikhundleni, emva kokubonisana nalo nasemva kokubonisana nenkokeli yeqela lelo lungu, ukuba ilungu elo ayilolungu leqela leNkulumbuso okanye aliyiyo inkokeli yeqela elithabatha inxaxheba.
'(d) uphando nothintelo lolwaphulo-mthetho oluqulunqiweyo okanye ulwaphulo-mthetho olufuna uphando nothintelo kwisigaba sesizwe okanye ubunkunkqele obubodwa.'
'(k) ukusekwa nokugcinwa kwebutho lesizwe lobupolisa logcino-cwangco eluntwini eliya kuthunyelwa ukuya kuxhasa uMkhomishinala wePhondo, xa liceliweyo nguye.'
'(1) elawulwa licandelo 218(1), uMkhomishinala wePhondo uya kujongana ne -.'
'Zekuqondakale ukuba eli candelwana liya kusebenza kumalungu awo nawuphi na umkhosi wezixhobo owathi wangenisa uluhlu lwamalungu awo emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, 1993 (uMthetho 200 ko-1993), kodwa phambi kokwamkelwa kwetekisi entsha yoMgaqo-siseko ekuthethwa ngayo kwicandelo 73 laloo Mgaqo-siseko, ukuba umbutho wezopolitiko ophantsi kwegunya nolawulo lwawo okanye ozibandakanya nawo noxhasa iinjongo zawo wawuyithathile inxaxheba kwiSigqeba esiLawulayo seXesha leNguqu, wathabatha inxaxheba nakunyulo lokuqala lweNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kunye nezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo phantsi kwalo Mgaqo-siseko ukhankanyiweyo.'
'(2) UMkhosi wezoKhuselo weSizwe uya kusebenzisa amagunya awo wenze nemisebenzi yawo kuphela xa oko kusebenzela ukulungelwa kwesizwe ngokweSahluko 11 soMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika 1996.'
'(1) Inkonzo karhulumente, isebe likarhulumente, ulawulo okanye inkonzo yezokhuseleko eyaye, kanye phambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza koMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996 (othi apha, emva kwangoku, ubizwe ngokuthi "uMgaqo-siseko omtsha"), isenza imisebenzi yoburhulumente, iyaqhuba ukusebenza ngokomthetho osebenzayo kuyo ide itshitshiswe okanye ifakelwe kulo, okanye idityaniswe nalo naliphi na iziko elifanelekileyo okanye ihlenga-hlengiswe okanye yenziwe-nye nalo naliphi na elinye iziko.'
UMongameli angatyumba ikhomishini ukuba ihlole ukwenziwa okanye ukutshintshwa kwekhontrakthi, ukutyunjwa okanye ukunyuselwa, okanye ukumisewa kwexesha okanye komqathango wempangelo okanye kwenye imfanelo, izinto ezo ezenzeka phakathi komhla wama-27 ku-Epreli 1993 nowama-30 kuSeptemba 1994, zisenzelwa naye nawuphi na umntu ekuthethwa ngaye kwicandelwana (2) okanye naliphi na iqela labantu ekuthethwa ngabo apho.
IKhomishini ingayijikisa okanye iyitshintshe into nganye kwezi: ikhontrakthi, ukutyunjelwa esikhundleni, ukunyuselwa okanye umvuzo, ukuba ayifanelekanga okanye akukho sizathu sokwenzeka kwayo xa kuqwalaselwa iimeko zayo.
Ngokuthi naphi na apho kuvela khona amagama athi "lo Mgaqo-siseko", kwicandelo 236, kufakelwe la amagama, "uMgaqo-siseko omtsha."
nolawulo olunemfezeko kwiphondo ngalinye ukwenzela ukujongana nemibandela ephantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente ngamnye wephondo.
'(i) amaziko akhankanywe kwicandelo 236 (1), ngaphandle kwemikhosi yamajoni, aya kuba phantsi korhulumente wesizwe, oya kuluthwala olu xanduva ngokusebenzisana noorhulumente bamaphondo;'.
'(4) Ngokokulawula kwawo, nangokungqinelana nawo, umthetho osebenzayo, zonke ezi zinto: ii-asethi, amalungelo, imisebenzi namatyala ayo yonke imikhosi ekhankanywe kwicandelo 224 (2) ziya kuwela kuMkhosi wezoKhuselo weSizwe ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo yoMphathiswa wezoKhuselo.'.
IShedyuli 6A ifakelwe ngecandelo 6 loMthetho Weshumi Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2003.
Kule Shedyuli 'indlu yowiso-mthetho' ithetha iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho okanye nayo nayiphi na indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
Kuthathelwe ingqalelo umbandela 4, ilungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo elithi libe lilungu lelinye iqela (iqela elitsha) elingelilo eli qela lalithe latyumba loo mntu ukuba abe lilungu (iqela elityumbayo), nokuba eli qela litsha laliyithathile inxaxheba kunyulo okanye lalingayithanga, lihlala lililungu lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, ukuba ngaba elo lungu lithe, lilodwa nje okanye likunye nelinye okanye amanye amalungu athe ngesi sithuba sikhankanywe kumbandela 4 (1)(a) okanye (b), ayeka ukuba ngamalungu eli qela lityumbayo, alabi ngaphantsi kwe-10% yenani lezihlalo zeqela elityumbayo zizonke kuloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
Esi sihlalo sithathwe leli lungu likhankanywe kumbandelana (1) sithathwa ngokuba sinikezelwe kweli qela litsha limele lona eli lungu.
lingahlulwa-hlulwa libe ngamaqela angaphezulu kweqela elinye okanye lahlula-hlulwe , kwaye naliphi na kuloo maqelana athe avela koko kwahlulwa-hlulwa lingaya kudibana nelinye iqela, nokuba elo qela laliyithathile inxaxheba kunyulo okanye lalingayithathanga, ukuba ngaba amalungu elo qelana limkayo kwiqela latanci akakho ngaphantsi kwe-10% yenani lezihlalo zeqela latanci zizonke kuloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
Ukuba ngaba iqela lidibana nelinye okanye liyahlulwa-hlulwa libe ngamaqela angaphezulu kweqela elinye lize ke naliphi na kuloo maqelana athe avela koko kwahlulwa-hlulwa lidibane nelinye iqela ngokwakumbandelana (1), loo malungu achaphazelekayo ahlala engamalungu aloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
isithuba seentsuku ezili-15 ukusuka kumhla wokuqala ukuya koweshumi elinesihlanu kaSeptemba kunyaka wesine emva komhla wonyulo lwaloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
Ngokwakumbandelana (1) 'unyaka' ubhekisele kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-365.
lenze nantoni na enokuthi yenze elo lungu ukuba lingafaneleki ukuba libambe isikhundla njengelungu elo, Lingakhange lifumane imvume ebhaliweyo kwelo lungu.
Ngokwalapha kule Shedyuli iqela elingabhaliswanga phantsi kwawo nawuphi na umthetho ophathelele kubhaliso lwamaqela ezopolitiko, lithathwa ngokuba liqela, kodwa ke elo qela kufuneka ukuba lifake isicelo sokubhaliswa njengeqela ngokomthetho ochaphazelekayo singaphelanga esiya sithuba sikhankanywe kumbandelana (1)(a) okanye (b) Ukuba ngaba iqela elo lithe alabhaliswa kwada kwaphela iinyanga ezine emva kokuphela kweso sithuba, lithathwa ngokuba alisekho, kwaye ke izihlalo ezo zalo kufuneka ukuba zinikezelwe kula maqela aseleyo ngokomthetho ochaphazelekayo.
Emva kokuphela kwesi sithuba sikhankanywe kumbandela 4 (1) (a) okanye (b), ukuma kwendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo eye yamiswa ngokutsha ngenxa yayo nayiphi na imeko phantsi kombandela 2 okanye 3 kuhlala kuhleli kude kube lunyulo olulandelayo okanye kude ukuma kwaloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo kumiswe ngokutsha ngokombandela 2 okanye 3.
Kufuneka ukuba zithi zingaphelanga iintsuku ezisixhenxe emva kokuphela kwesi sithuba sikhankanywe kumbandela 4 (1)(a) okanye (b), iqela ngalinye elimelweyo kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ekuthethwa ngayo kumbandelana (1) lingenise uluhlu lwabatyunjwa balo abatyunjelwe isikhundla sikaNobhala wendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
negama lelungu ngalinye kunye neqela elilimeleyo ilungu elo.
lingahlulwa-hlulwa libe ngamaqela angaphezulu kweqela elinye okanye lahlula-hlulwe, lize ke naliphi na iqela eliye lavela koko kwahlulwa-hlulwa lidibane nelinye iqela, nokuba elo qela laliyithathile inxaxheba kunyulo okanye lalingayithathanga, ngelixa amalungu lawo achaphazelekayo ahlala engamalungu aloo ndlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo, kwaye nezihlalo zawo kufuneka zithathwe ukuba zinikezelwe kwelo qela alimeleyo ngoku emva koko kudityaniswa okanye kwahlulwa-hlulwa okanye kwahlulwa-hlulwa nokudityaniswa kwamaqela kukhankanywe kulo mhlathi.
Imiqathango yemibandela 4 (3) no-(4), nowe-5 ikwasebenza nakumbandelana (1), kwaye ke xa phaya kukhankanywa isithuba esikhankanywe kumbandela 4 (1)(a) okanye (b) kufuneka ukuba kuthathwe ukuba kubhekiswa kwisithuba esikhankanywe kumbandelana (1).
wayengatyunjwanga liqela elithile njengomtyunjwa kunyulo lweewadi, aze abe lilungu leqela elithile, nokuba elo qela litsha laliyithabathile inxaxheba kunyulo okanye lalingayithabathanga na, ukuba ngaba lo ceba kuthethwa ngaye kwimihlathi (a) no-(b)(i), eyedwa nje okanye ekunye nomnye okanye abanye ooceba abathe ngesi sithuba sikhankanywe kumbandela 4 (1)(a)(i) okanye (ii) bayeka ukuba ngamalungu eli qela latanci, ababi ngaphantsi kwe-10% yenani lezihlalo zeqela latanci zizonke kuloo Khansile.
Esi sihlalo sithathwe ngulo ceba ukhankanywe kumbandelana (1)(a) kufuneka sithathwe ngokuba sinikezelwe kweli qela litsha abe lilungu lalo loo ceba.
ifunyenwe nguloo ceba, ukuba ngaba loo ceba akabanga lilungu lelinye iqela.
lingahlulwa-hlulwa libe ngamaqela angaphezulu kweqela elinye okanye lahlula-hlulwe, kwaye naliphi na kuloo maqelana athe avela koko kwahlulwa-hlulwa lingaya kudibana nelinye iqela, nokuba elo qela laliyithathile inxaxheba kunyulo okanye lalingayithathanga na, ukuba ngaba amalungu elo qelana limkayo kwiqela latanci akakho ngaphantsi kwe-10% yenani lezihlalo zeqela latanci zizonke kuloo Khansile.
Ukuba ngaba naliphi na iqela lidibana nelinye okanye liyahlulwa-hlulwa libe ngamaqela angaphezulu kweqela elinye okanye liyahlulwa-hlulwa lidibane nelinye iqela ngokwakumbandelana (1), abo ceba baachaphazelekayo bahlala bengamalungu aloo Khansile, kwaye ke izihlalo zabo kufuneka kuthathwe ukuba zinikezelwe kwelo qela balimeleyo emva koko kudityaniswa okanye kwahlulwa-hlulwa okanye koko kwahlulwa-hlulwa nokudityaniswa kuthethwa ngako kumbandelana (1).
isithuba seentsuku ezili-15 ukusuka kumhla wokuqala ukuya koweshumi elinesihlanu kaSeptemba kunyaka wesine emva komhla wonyulo lwazo zonke iiKhansile zooMasipala.kodwa ke ayisebenzi kunyaka ophela ngomhla wama-31 Disemba 2002.
Ngokwakumbandelana (1) 'unyaka' ubhekisele kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-365.
lenze nantoni na enokuthi yenze loo ceba ukuba angafaneleki ukuba abambe isikhundla njengoceba lowo kuloo Khansile, lingakhange lifumane imvume ebhaliweyo kuloo ceba uchaphazelekayo.
Emva kokuphela kwesi sithuba kuthethwa ngaso kumbandela 4 (1)(a), ukuma kweKhansile kaMasipala, ethe yamiswa ngokutsha ngenxa yayo nayiphi na imeko phantsi kombandela 2 okanye 3 kuhlala kuhleli kude kube lunyulo olulandelayo lwazo zonke iiKhansile zooMasipala okanye kude ukuma kwaloo Khansile kaMasipala kumiswe ngokutsha ngokombandela 2 okanye 3 okanye kude kuqhutywe unyulo lovalo-sikhewu kuloo Khansile kaMasipala.
IKhansile kaMasipala ekhankanywe kumbandela 5 ethi ibeke amalungu enye iKhansile kaMasipala, ngokoluya hlobo lukhankanywe kwicandelo 157 (1)b), kufuneka ukuba zithi zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 emva kokuphela kwesiya sithuba kuthethwa ngaso kumbandela 4 (1)(a)(i) okanye (ii), iphinde kwakhona isebenzise inkqubo elungiselelwe ngumthetho wesizwe ukubekwa kwaloo malungu ukuba amele loo Khansile iwabekayo.
umasipala woDidi C ekuthethwa ngaye kumbandela 5 kufuneka amiswe ngokutsha ngokomthetho ofanelekileyo emva kokuba ethe abekwa onke laa malungu akhankanywe kumhlathi (a) nbgokuphathelele kumasipala woDidi C.
lingahlulwa-hlulwa libe ngamaqela angaphezulu kweqela elinye okanye lahlula-hlulwe, lize ke naliphi na iqela eliye lavela koko kwahlulwa-hlulwa lidibane nelinye iqela, nokuba elo qela laliyithathile inxaxheba kunyulo okanye lalingayithathanga, ngelixa ooceba abo bachaphazelekayo bahlala bengamalungu aloo Khansile kaMasipala, kwaye nezihlalo zabo kufuneka zithathwe ukuba zinikezelwe kwelo qela balimeleyo ngoku emva koko kudityaniswa okanye kwahlulwa-hlulwa okanye kwahlulwa-hlulwa nokudityaniswa kwamaqela kukhankanywe kulo mhlathi.
Imiqathango yemibandela 4 (2), 5 no-6 ikwasebenza nakumbandelana (1), kwaye ke xa phaya kukhankanywa isithuba esikhankanywe kumbandela 4 (1)(a)(i) okanye (ii) kufuneka ukuba kuthathwe ukuba kubhekiswa kwisithuba esikhankanywe kumbandelana (1).
Izithuba ezingenabantu kwiKhansile kaMasipala kufuneka zivalwe ngokwemithetho yesizwe.
Isiqendwana 9 ucinywe ngecandelo 5 loMthetho Weshumi Wokutshintshwa KoMgaqo-siseko ka-2003.
<fn>DAC-NLS. Bulletin.2009-03.xh.txt</fn>
Sesilapha, sesingene kwinyanga yesibini yonyaka.. Siyathemba lo nyaka uza kusonwabisa, sibe sempilweni entle, anga angachuma onke amalungu. Sihlangene singazama ukuzuza ngakumbi kulo msebenzi wethu - massive kuni ukuba ninazo na iingcamango malunga neenkonzo ezimele ukunikezelwa liZiko eli.
Khumbulani ukuba imirhumo yalo nyaka mayingeniswe ekupheleni kukaMatshi. Ii-invoyisi bezithunyelwe kuma-lungu ngoDisemba. Ukuba eyakho akuyifumenanga, nceda utsalele umnxeba kwi-ofisi yeSATI ucele ikopi. Khumbu-lani ukuba ubulungu obumanyanisiweyo benzelwa ii-arhente nee-ofisi. Siyabulela kumalungu asele erhumile. Ncedani niqinisekise ukuba nimazisile umbhalisi ngentlawulo yenu.
Zifakiwe kwiSATI Website iziphumo zakutshanje zohlolo lwentlawuliso. Amalungu ayakhunjuzwa ukuba loo ntla-wulo ayikho "ngokusesikweni" okanye "ayikhuthazwanga". Ngokomthetho intlawulo ayinakumiselwa sithi.. Kuphela esikwenzayo kukuqokelela iinkcukacha zokuba kwezo-rhwebo kuhlawuliswa ntoni na, ezo nkcukacha ke zizo esizikhuphayo sazise ngazo. Lilonke sicela amalungu ukuba angatsho ukuthi "AbakwaSATI ngabo abakhuthaze le ntlawuliso". Amalungu nabanye abantu bangakusebenzisa oko bethelekisa nendlela bona abahlawulisa ngayo, noxa kunjalo mabazi ukuba kuza kusoloko kukho iingcali zeelwimi ezihlawulisa ngokuthe chatha okanye ngaphantsi kwaloo ntlawuliso.
Kutshanje sazisiwe ukuba uMnu. PF (Flippie) du Toit walishiya eli phakade ngoFebhuwari ka-2007. UMnu.du Toit ebelilungu lokugqibela ebelisaphila kulawo asungula ikhampani enguSATI. Besiqhagamshelene naye ngexesha lesikhumbuso seminyaka engama-50 ngo-2006, kodwa impilo khange imvumele ukuba makathathe inxaxheba ngokudlamkileyo kuloo mibhiyozo yethu.
Xa besisondela ekupheleni kwanyakenye, umbhalisi wethu wenza uphengululo lwamalungu kaSati ngololuhlu lweelwimi zawo zeenkobe. Iziphumo zinika umdla. Kuma-lungu angama-707 abhaliswayo ngelo xesha, yaphantse yaba sisiqingatha: (yangama-311 okanye ama- 44%) abantetho yakowabo isisiBhulu. Iqela elilandela elo ngob-ukhulu - ngabathetha isiNgesi - bangaphantsi kwesi-qingatha saloo mlinganiselo: amalungu ali-139 okanye i-19,7%.
ngamalungu ama- 6; abathetha isiTshayina ba-2; abasiDatshi ba-3; abesiFrentshi bangama-41; abesiJamani bangama-39; abesiTaliyane basi-8; abesiPhuthukezi bangama-22; abaseRomaniya ba-4; abesiRashiya ba-4; abasiPenishi: basi-9, linye ilungu kwezi lwimi zilandelayo: isi-Cantonese, isiGrike, isiHebhere, isiSwahili, isiPolishi nesiShona.
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Luyafumaneka uluhlu lwesigama seNational Language Service weWebhusayithi yeSebe lobuGcisa bneNkcubeko xa utyhile apha: www.dac.gov.za. Landela okuhambisana neDAC ekhasini lokuqala uye kwikhasi le-"National Language Service completed terminology". Izintlu ezi-khoyo zezi: ICT (multilingual), iMatematiki (multilingual), iNzululwazi ngezeNdalo (ngesiNguni, ngesiSotho, ngesi-Afrikaans, ngesi-Venda nangesi-Xitsonga) nangesigama esisetyenziselwa iPalamente (multilingual).
I-Lingua et Machina yazise ngokusesikweni i-Similis Version 2.14.0, esisixhobo esiyi-software sokuguqula iilwimi kweengcali zeelwimi, isekelwe kwithekhnoloji yokuguqula, ithengiswa yodwa okanye njenge-server (Windows), inee-user interfaces zesiNgesi, isiFrentshi, isiJamani nezeSpenishi. Tyhila apha: www.lingua-et-machina.com.
I-SDL, ebonelela ngezisombululo ezineenkcukacha zola-wulo ibhengeze ukukhutshwa kwe-SDL Trados 2007 Suite. Ihlanganisa uguqulo lweelwimi oluzihambela ngoomatshini ngesisombululo sayo seenkumbulo zoguqulo olo, inikezela ngobonakalayo umsebenzi oguqulweyo kusenzelwa lowo usebenzisa le nkqubo ngentsebenziswano yesixhobo esitsha ekuthiwa yi-SDL Passolo Essential. Ezinye iinkcukacha zifumaneka apha: www.sdl.com.
I-Language Line Services, Inc., ebonelela ngeenkonzo zokutolika ibhengeze ubukho be-Language Line BiMedical.net, ifumaneka kwikhpmpyutha yaye inamaxwebhu amalunga nezonyango alwimi-mbini kunye namaphepha emibuzo, kusetyenziswa iilwimi ezininzi ukuze lukhawuleze unxibelelwano nezigulana ezinengxaki yokuthetha isiNgesi njengolwimi lweenkobe.. Ngoku-printwa ngolwimi lwesigulana nangolwimi lwalowo usilondolozayo, la maxwebhu alungiselelwe ukuba maku-khuseleke isigulana. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: info@ languageline.com okanye apha www.languageline.com.
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Abangenangeniselo be-Translate.org.za bavelise i-Virtaal, eyinkqubo yoguqulo-zilwimia ngokuzobekayo nangoku-cacileyo nequlunqwe njengenxalenye yeProjekti yoGuqulo-zilwimi. Iimpawu zayo ziquka inkxaso yoyilo lweendawo ezithile zembonakalo-mbhalo, uqaqambiso lobumbo-zivakalisi nokuvezwa kwamagqabantshintshi kunye nohlobo lomxholo ophethweyo; kukwakho nendlela yoku-phonononga upelo-magama lombhalo oguquliweyo kunye nombhalo lowo ubuguqulwa. I -Translate.org.za iyinxalenye yevelayo i-African Network for Localisation (ANLoc), yona seyiqalise ngephulo lemiboniso yeziganeko kusenzelwa ngaphezulu kwe-100 leelwimi zase-Afrika. Ezinye iinkcukacha zifumaneka apha: http://o2.it46.se/afrigen/ okanye apha www.translate.org.za.
en Spraaktechnologie iyi-arhente ye-Dutch-Flemish yola-wulo, yolondolozo nosasazo lwezibonelelo zesiDatshi zemivo yeelwimi. Ivela kurhulumente imali yenkoliso yezibonelelo. I-HLT Agency yenza ukuba zifumaneke kwezemfundo, kwezophando nophuhliso. Xa nifuna ezinye iinkcukacha tyhilani apha: www.inl.nl/index.phpoption= com_content&task=view&id=448&Itemid=552&lang=en?
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Xa nifuna ezininzi ii-dictionaries, jongani apha: http://www.lai.com/glossaries.html.
Uhlelo lweshumi elinesihlanu lwe-Compendium of Trans-lation Software (ngoJanyuwari ka-2009) luyafumaneka ngoku. Ngokuqulunqwa nguJohn Hutchins egameni le-European Association for Machine Translation, esi sishwa-nkathelo sisiso isikhokelo esintsonkothileyo esalathisa kwiinkqubo ezikhoyo zokuguqulwa kweelwimi ngooma-tshini bentengiselwano, ngezixhobo zenkxaso zoncedo lwekhompyutha kunye nabathengisi.. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: http://www.eamt.org.
I-Tranflex AB, eyi-arhente yokuguqula iilwimi sele ivelise i-InDesign for Translators - leyo yi-e-book enamanya-thelo enqanaba ngalinye lamalungiselelo eefayile zoku-guqula iilwimi kwi-InDesign. Ngokubhalwe ngumphathi we-arhente onguChris Phillips, i-e-book yenzelwa abaguqula iilwimi, ii-arhente zokuguqula iilwimi kunye nenkqubo efakwayo eyi-desktop.publishers. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: http://www.tranflex.com.
I-Interpreting: International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting, ihlelwe nguMiriam Shlesinger noFranz PÃ¶chhacker. Le ngxelo yemihla ngemihla isebenza njengesixhobo sokuphanda nesengxoxo kuzo zonke iinkalo zokutolika kwezahlukileyo iindlela, iinkqubo neendawo. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: www.benjamins.com okanye apha: subscriptions@benjamins.nl.
I-Telephone Interpreting: A Comprehensive Guide to the Profession by Nataly Kelly: olona luphambili ushicilelo lwalo mxholo, le ncwadi izele bubutyebi ngokwe-enkcukacha ezifanele abantu abatolikayo, iititshala naba-hlohli, iingcali zoqeqesho kunye nabasebenzisi beenkonzo zokutolika phakathi kumashishini asebenzisa utoliko ngendlela yeefowuni. Xa nifuna ezinye iinkcukacha, tyhilani kwi-Website yale nkqubo nijonge apha: www.trafford.com/08-1015.
I-Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies Second Edition yahlelwa nguMona Baker noGabriela Saldanha: Le Encyclopedia yayisoloko isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezo-shishino okoko yaqalisayo ukuvela ngo-1998. Uhlelo lwesibini oluhlaziywe ngokumandla lwenze esi sibonelela satsho salungela eli xesha sikulo. Olu xwebhu lwahlulwe lwangamacandelo amabini: olu-General (lujongene nembono yokuguqula iilwimi, indlela yokuhlangabezana nmsebenzi wokuguqula ulwimi kunye nokutolika, iindidi zemibhalo eguquliweyo kunye nokutolika) kananjalo ne-History and Traditions.
I-Theatre Translation Theory and Performance in Contemporary Japan: Native Voices, Foreign Bodies by Beverley Curran (ISBN 978-1-1905763-11-5). Olu xwebhu lwandisa iingxoxo zemibhalo eguquliweyo yamaqonga ngophando olukhethekileyo lemidlalo yeqonga emitha-ndathu, eguqulelwe kwezinye iilwimi yaza yadlalwa ema-qongeni eJapan ekuqalekeni kweminyaka yoo-1960. Ixhokonxa izindululo zamazwe aseYurophu malunga nonxibelelwano olumandla ngokweelwimi kunye nemi-butho eguqula iilwimi kunye namaqonga xa kuhanjwa, kuqulunywe ngokutsha imigaqo-siseko phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zenkcubeko. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: http://www.stjerome.co.uk/page.php?
I-Multilingualism and Educational Interpreting: Innovation and Delivery nguNjingalwazi Marlene Verhoef noNjingalwazi Theo du Plessis. Le ncwadi imele isandulela esingumsebenzi kwicandelo elitsha lwendlela efundwe-lwayo yokutolika ngokunxulumene nokutolika ngoku kuthethwayo nangolwimi olusetyenziswayo. Olu xwebhu lwesithandathu kwizintlu zakwa-ezinesi sihloko: Studies in Language Policy in South Africa, zinomgqalisela kwimeko yezopolitiko yeelwimi zoMzantsi-Afrika yaye indlela yokutolika kwicala lezemfundo njengendlela yokusebenza kuqaphelwa imeko yeelwimi ezahlukeneyo yokufundisa ukuhlohla kwicandelo lezemfundo. Xa nifuna ezinye iinkcukacha qhagamshelanani nabaShicileli beVan Schaik kule nombolo: 012 342 2765 okanye nijonge apha: wsenekal@vanschaiknet.com.
IZiko leeLwimi le-Stellenbosch University: Ishedyuli yonyaka wonke enocwangciso locweyo ekunokuyiwa kulo iyafumaneka apha: www.sun.ac.za/taalsentrum/EVD.
I-Interaction between text and graphics: Zizifundo ezi-thatha isiqingatha semini kwiZiko lweeLwimi leStellen-bosch University ngomhla wama-20 kuFebhuwari ka-2009, umhlohli nguNjingalwazi Leon de Stadler, uyingcali ekuyilweni kwamaxwebhu. Izifundo ezi ziveza intsingiselo yemibhalo nokubonwa kuyo, unxibelelwano nokuhambe-lana kombhalo nemizobo, umsebenzi wemizobo nenxa-xheba yesithuba nobuchule bokushicilela. Amaxwebhu aneenkcukacha nobhaliso lujongwa apha: www.sun.ac.za/taalsentrum/EVD. Ningaphinda nibuzise kulo: Audrey Poole ngokutyhila apha taalsentrum@sun.ac.za okanye nitsalele umnxeba apha: 021 808 2167. Umhla wokuvalwa kobhaliso ngulo: 13 kuFebhuwari ka-2009. Indawo ilingene ababhalisileyo.
I-Writing for the Media I: General: Lucweyo lweentsuku ezimbini kwiZiko leeLwimi leStellenbosch University ukuqalela ngomhla wesi-5 kude kube ngowesi-6 ngoMeyi ka-2009, kwenzelwa abafanele ukuqulunqa imibhalo yoshicilelo nosasazo ukuze kunyanzeleke ukuba banxibelelane qho noonondaba. Iinkcukacha namaxwebhu okubhalisa wajonge apha: www.sun.ac.
EVD. Ningaphinda nibuzise kulo: Audrey Poole at taalsentrum@sun.ac.za okanye nitsalele umnxeba apha: 021 808 2167. Umhla wokuvalwa kobhaliso ngulo: 13 kuFebhuwari ka-2009. Indawo ilingene ababhalisileyo.
I-GALA Localisation Certification Programme: Yeye-sine kwezibanjwa qho ngonyaka i-Localisation Certifi-cation Programme and Localisation Project Management Certification, yobanjelwa eSan Francisco, USA (ukuqalela ngomhla wama-23 kude kube ngowama-27 ngoMatshi ka-2009), eCologne yaseJamani (yoqala ngomhla we-11 kude kube ngowe-15 ngoMeyi ka-2009). Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: http://rce.csuchico.edu/localise/ okanye apha: http://www.gala-global.org.
I-International colloquium: ThÃ©orie, pratique et didac-tique de la traduction spÃ©cialisÃ©e, iseCraiova eRumania, iqala ngomhla wama-28 kude kube ngowama-29 ngoMeyi ka-2009. Izifundo zakwenziwa ngesiFrentshi okanye ngesiRumania. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: http://dtil.unilat.
I-Third Conference of the International Association for Translation and Intercultural Studies (IATIS), eMonash University eseMelbourne yase-Australia, yoqalisa ngomhla wesi-8 kude kube ngowe-10 ngoJulayi ka-2009. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: http://www.foxevents.com.au/Current-Events/2009-Events/IATIS-Conference/Default.asp[4].
Editing in the 21st century: kwi-University of York eseNgilane, yoqalisa ngomhla we-14 kude kube ngowe-15 Septemba ka-2009. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: www.sfep.org.uk/pub/confs/conf09/conf2009_advance.
2009: The business of language. The language of business: eCancun yaseMexico, ukuqalela kumhla we-14 kuyiwe kowe-16 kuSeptemba ka-2009. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: www.gala-global.
E-Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea, ingomhla wama-30 kude kude ngowama-31 ku-Oktobha ka-2009. Iinjongo zale nkongolo kukuphonononga iziphumo zomgangatho ophezulu nezongezelweyo kwithekhnoloji yonxibelelwano kunye nokuguqukela kumiselo loqoqosho namazwe njengoko ezi ngongoma zibachaphazela abaguquli beelwimi kunye nomsebenzi wabo. Ubhaliso olukhawulezileyo lolomhla wokuqala: 1 kuJanyuwari kude kuyiwe kuMatshi ka-2009. Ezinye iinkcukacha zilapha: http://www.kats.or.
Marion Boers. Mogala: 011 803-2681. Fekese: 0866 199 133. Imeili: publications@translators.org.za Irene Dippenaar. Mogala: 079 492 9359. Fekese: 086 511 4971. Imeili: registrar@translators.org.
<fn>DAC-NLS.GEPF.2009-11-17.xh.txt</fn>
Umhlolokazi wowayesakuba ngumqeshwa weNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo ufumene iinzuzo ezipheleleyo zomyeni wakhe oswelekileyo emva kwenyanga kuphela kungenelele uMkhuseli woLuntu uLawrence Mushwana.
I-Ofisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu (i-OPP) iphehlelele uphengululo lwayo olusisiqalo kwizityholo zokulibaziseka okungafanelekanga ekuqhutyweni kwentlawulo yeenzuzo zepensheni yiNgxowa-mali yePensheni yaBasebenzi bakaRhulumente (i-GEPF) neNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo kummangali, uNkosk. M. du Toit.
Oku kwakusemva kokuba kufikelele ezandleni ze-OPP ukuba uNkosk. Du Toit, nowayekwingqesho yeNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo naye, kwakufuneka afumane iinzuzo ezizezakhe, kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokuba umyeni wakhe eswelekile.
Iinzuzo bezingekahlawulwa nangona wawangenisa onke amaxwebhu afunekayo njengoko kumiselwe nguMthetho neMigaqo yePensheni yaBaqeshwa bakaRhulumente kwi-GEPF nakwiNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo.
Iinzuzo ezizezakhe yayiyipensheni evela kwi-GEPF nemali ezakunikwa umntu oza kuba ngumdli wepensheni evela kwiSebe lezeMisebenzi, phantsi kwalapho iNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo ingena khona.
Ngapha kophengululo, kwafunyanwa ukuba ukulibaziseka kwakungenxa yokuba umntu oswelekileyo wayengabhalisanga njengomhlawuli werhafi ngokuhambelana noMthetho weRhafu yeNgeniso ka-1962. UMthetho ufuna wonke umntu ofumana ingeniso enokurhafiswa engaphezulu komyinge womqobo we-R120 000 ngonyaka kunyaka wohlolo lokuhlawula irhafu yengeniso. Isikhundla nesikeyili somvuzo womntu oswelekileyo udlule ngaphaya kwalo mqobo.
Ngesi sizathu, imigaqo yerhafu malunga neenzuzo zomngcwabo zalandulwa xa zingeniswa kwiNkonzo zeNgeniso yoMzantsi Afrika (i-SARS) yi-GEPF, nangona kunjalo, ummangali uthathwa njengongazange afumane noluphi unxibelelwano elimazisayo ngeenkqubela kwi-GEPF.
Malunga nemali ezanikwa umntu oza kuba ngumdli wepensheni , iSebe lezeMisebenzi lalikwafunyaniswe lingalandelanga imimiselo yeSisombululo seBhunga loKubonisana eliQuquzelelayo leNkonzo kaRhulumente esingunombolo-7 sika-2000.
ISisombululo simisela ukuba kwisehlo sokusweleka, imali ezakunikwa umntu oza kuba ngumdli wepenseni imele ukuhlawulwa kubaxhamli abonyuliweyo kwaye kuba abekho abonyuliweyo, imele ukuhlawulwa kumlingane okanye kumlingane wobom womntu oswelekileyo.
Emva kongenelelo lwe-OPP, i-SARS yenza uchongo noNkosk. Du Toit. Kwiyure nje ezingama-24 uNkosk. Du Toit nomyeni wakhe owayeswelekile babebhalisiwe njengabahlawuli berhafu kwaye uhlolo oluseleyo lwangeniswa, kugangathwa indlela yentlawulo yeenzuzo zakhe.
Iinzuzo zepensheni zabakho kamva ukulungiselela ukuba azikhuphe nemali ezakunikwa umntu oza kuba ngumdli wepensheni zahlawulwa kwi-akhawunti yomntu oswelekileyo.
"Apho imigaqo yerhafu ilandulwa khona yi-SARS, i-GEPF mayiqinisekise ukuba abaxhamli baziswa ngoko nangoko ukuze babe nako ukuqhagamshelana ne-ofisi yakwa-SARS ukulungisa iingxaki," iGqwetha uMushwana utshilo kwizindululo zakhe.
Uqhubeke wacebisa iSebe lezeMisebenzi ukuba liqinisekise ukuba imimiselo yeSisombululo sesi-7 sika-2000 malunga nentlawulo yemali ezakunikwa umntu oza kuba ngumdli wepensheni womqeshwa owaswelekayo kuyabanjelelwa kuyo.
<fn>DAC-NLS. Lebowakgomo.2009-11-17.xh.txt</fn>
Abahlali bakaYunithi-R no-S belokishi yaseLebowakgomo eLimpopo, abanye babo bebelinde izindlu zeNkqubo yoLwakhiwo ngokutsha noPhuhliso (i-RDP) oko kwangonyaka ka-1996, bazakubona ulindo lwabo lwexesha lwendawo zokufihla iintloko kufikelela esiphelweni.
Oku kulandela uphengululo yi-Ofisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu (i-OPP) kukusilela kweSebe looRhulumente baMakhaya neziNdlu ukuzalisekisa imfanelo yalo yokwakha izindlu ze-RDP ukulungiselela olu luntu.
Lo mba waqala waziswa kwingqwalasela ye-OPP nguceba wasekuhlaleni, uMnu. Frans Letwaba, obambe egameni labahlali.
Izikhalazo zabakho ngenkxaso karhulumente ngezindlu ngonyaka ka-1996 ukuza kutsho ngo-2006. Izicelo zabo zaphunyezwa liSebe phantsi kwenkqubo yenkxaso karhulumente ebizwa iNkxaso kaRhulumente eNxulunyaniswe kwiProjekthi.
Iprojekthi yayabelwe inkampani ebizwa i-COMDEV, eyasilelayo ukwakha izindlu okanye ukunikela ngezixhobo zokwakha. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba ezinye izindlu zazakhiwe ngekhethe kwaye sisiqingatha kuphela sezixhobo ezanikezwayo kwabanye abaxhamli.
ISebe lithathwa njengelasilelayo ukwakha izindlu okanye ukunikela ngezixhobo zokwakha kubamangali khon'ukuze bakhe izindlu zabo.
Uphengululo lwe-OPP lwafumanisa ukuba izicelo zabamangali zeenkxaso zikarhulumente zezindlu zaphunyezwa ukusuka ngonyaka-1997 ukuya kutsho ngo-2006.
Abanye abamangali bagqibe ekubeni bakhe iindawo zokufihla iintloko ngeendleko zabo, ngelixa abanye bagqibe izindlu ezakhiwe ngekhethe besebenzisa ezabo izinto eziyimfuno.
UMkhuseli woLuntu undulule ukuba iSebe limele ukwakha izindlu zabo bonke abaxhamli abazicelo zabo zaphunyezwayo ngonyaka ka-2006 okanye phambi kwawo.
ISebe limele ukugqibezela izindlu ezayekwayo kwaye linikeze ngezixhobo zokwakha kubo bonke abaxhamli abaphunyeziweyo.
Kundululwe kwakhona ukuba iSebe lincede abamangali abaqale ukwakha ezabo izindlu, kodwa abakwazi ukuzigqiba kwanokubuyekeza bonke abamangali abakhe izindlu zabo ngaphandle koncedo lweSebe, emva kokuba babephunyeziwe njengabaxhamli.
<fn>DAC-NLS. ManualForThePublicServiceCommission.2009-03.xh.txt</fn>
IKomishini yeeNkonzo zoluNtu (PSC) liziko loluntu elizimileyo kwaye elingenakhethe elamiselwa ngokuphathelele kwiGatya 196 lomGaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996. Umsebenzi nokuxhotyiswa kwePSC, kukuphanda, kukongamela nokuvavanya umbutho nolawulo lweNkonzo zoluNtu. Eli gunya likwaqulethe nokuvavanya iimpumelelo okanye ukusilela kweenkqubo zikaRhulumente. Kunxunyumaniswa namagunya angasentla iPSC inembophelelo yokuphucula amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukwenza okufanelekileyo nokulungileyo kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente nokuphucula iinqobo ezisemgangathweni nemithetho-siseko yolawulo loluntu njengoko imiselwe kumGaqo-siSeko kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente xa iyonke.
IKomishini ifumana amagunya kwigatya le-195 nele-196 lomGaqo-siseko, 1996. IGatya le-195 limisela iinqobo ezisemgangathweni nemithetho-siseko elawula ulawulo loluntu ekufuneka luphuculwe yiKomishini.
Umgangatho ophezulu weenqobo zemikhwa ezisekweni zobugcisa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ngokufanelekileyo, ngokoqoqosho nangokusebenzayo.
Uphuhliso oluqhelaniswe nolawulo loluntu.
Iinkonzo kufuneka zibonelelwe ngokungenakhethe, ngobulungisa, ngokulingana nokungathathi cala.
Iimfuno zabantu kufuneka ziphendulwe kwaye uluntu kufuneka lukhuthazwe ukuba luthathe inxaxheba kukwenziwa komgaqo.
Ulawulo loluntu kufuneka lumelwe.
Ukwakha ulawulo lwemicimbi yabasebenzi kunye nokuphuhlisa inkqubela-phambili yobomi.
Umelo lolawulo loluntu ngomsebenzi nemisebenzi yolawulo lwabasebenzi esekelwe kubuchule, kukungabi namtsalane bucala, kubulungisa nakwimfuno yokulungisa ukungalingani kwexesha elidlulileyo.
Ukuphucula iinqobo ezisemgangathweni nemithetho-siseko yolawulo yoluntu emiselwe ligatya 195 lomGaqo-siSeko kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente xa iyonke.
Ukuphanda, ukongamela nokuvavanya umbutho, ulawulo, ukwenza kwabasebenzi beNkonzo zoLuntu, ingakumbi ukubambelela kwiinqobo ezisemgangathweni nemithetho-siseko emiselwe ligatya 195, kunye neenkqubo zeNkonzo yoLuntu.
Ukucebisa ngamanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okwaneleyo nokunamandla kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente.
Le mimandla icwangciswe kwiinkqubo ezimbini, ezizezi: Uphando nokuPhononongwa kwe-HR kunye nokoNgamela nokuVavanya.
Ezinye zeengxelo ezinikiweyo ezivezwe yi-PSC ziquka phakathi kwezinye izinto, iSimo seNkonzo kaRhulumente. uPhando lokoNeliseka kwabeMi, ukuLionganiswa kokuSebenzakomNxeba weSizwe noChasene noRhwaphilizo, kunye nokuHlolwa kweNkqubo-sikhokelo kuLawulo lwe-HIV ne-Aids kwinkonzo kaRhulumente. Uluhlu oluxandileyo lweengxelo ezivezwe yi-PSC luqulethwe kwiCandelo leSaziso le-15 kwaye luyafumaneka kwi-website ye-PSC, www.psc.gov.
IKomishini yamiselwa ngokuphathelele kwiGatya le-196 lomGaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika,1996. UmGaqo-siseko ufuna iKomishini yeNkonzo zoluNtu enye yeRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika enamalungu alishumi elinesine, amahlanu awo anyulwa nguMongameli ngokucetyiswa yindlu yomdibaniso weSizwe, ekubeni elinye ilungu lephondo ngalinye limiselwa yinkulumbuso. Ikomishini imele indlu yoWiso-mThetho yeSizwe apho kufuneka inike ingxelo kanye ngonyaka ubuncinane. Kufuneka kwakho inike ingxelo ngemisebenzi yayo kumaphondo , kwizindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo.
Ukuhambisana nomgaqo-siseko ochazwe ngasentla i-PSC ineekomishina ezili-14: Ezi- 5 iikomishina zisePitoli enye ikomishini ihlala kwiphondo ngalinye. I-PSC ixhaswa yi-ofisi yeKomishini yeNkonzo zoluNtu (OPSC), ephetwhe nguMLawuli-Jikelele, oliGosa elinika iNgxelo.
Njengoko kuyimfuneko uMongameli kufuneka onyule amalunga alishumi elinesine ekomishini. Amalungu amahlanu akwi-Ofisi eyintloko ePitoli aze alithoba abe kwiphondo ngalinye.
Nks MRV Mashigo.
Mnu M Msoki, (eMpuma Koloni).
UGqirha R Mgijima, (eGauteng).
Mnu KE Mahoai, (eLimpopo).
Isakhiwo sombutho we-PSC senziwe ngokwenjongo zobuchule kunye nemimandla yokusebenza.
Umsebenzi weKomishini wenziwe ngokwemimandla emithandathu njengoko kuchaziwe phantsi kwesihloko 1 ngasentla. Le mimandla yahlulwe kumaSebe emisebenzi emibini, ilelo linemimandla egqalisele kuyo emithathu. Amasebe emisebenzi emibini ixhaswa ziiNkonzo eziBumbeneyo kunye neSebe loDibaniso noMmandla ezinika iinkonzo zolawulo nenkxaso jikelele kumasebe emisebenzi emibini.
Eli Sebe linika ulawulo lwemali nolawulo jikelele, ulawulo lolungiselelo nolwabasebenzi; neenkonzo zolwazi lweteknoloji nonxibelelwano kunye nezinye iinkonzo zenkxaso ezisetyenziswa ekwenziweni komgaqo.
Isebe: IiNkonzo eziButheleneyo neDibaniso noMmandla linika ulawulo jikelele nolwezimali; ulawulo lwabasebenzi nlungiselelo; iinkonzo zonxibelelwano nezekhompyutha kwi O/PSC.
Isebe: UPhando nokuPhengululwa kweMicimbi yabaSebenzi - Injongo yeli sebe kukuba ikomishini ibe nako ukuphucula imicimbi yabasebenzi, nokuphicotha iincwadi zemali zolawulo loluntu nokuphanda nokuphucula imisebenzi echasene norhwaphilizo nokuphonononga ukuzalisekiswa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yemicimbi yabasebenzi kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente.
ISebe: Ukongamela nokuvavanya -Injongo yeli sebe kukumisa imigangatho ephezulu yobunkokeli benkonzo karhulumente, ulwalulo olufanelekileyo nokuphucula ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ngokuthatha inxaxheba koluntu.
UMlawuli-Jikelele we-OPSC, nguNks Odette Ramsingh, liGosa lolwazi ngokuphathelele kukuPhuculwa kukuFikelela kumThetho woLwazi. Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zikaNks Ramsingh zezi zilandelayo:odetter@opsc.gov.za, umnxeba (012) 352-1005.
nokuPhonononga i-HR - admils@opsc.gov.
eziButheleneyo noDibaniso noMmandla - dumisanim@opsc.gov.za.
Mnu Humphrey Ramafoko, uMlawulii: UNxibelelwano neeNkonzo zoLwazi -humphreyr@opsc.gov.
Isikhokelo sendlela yokusebenzisa ukuphuculwa kokufikelela kuMthetho wolwazi, 200 ukho kwikomishini yamalungelo abantu baseMzantsi Afrika.
IGatya 15 leSaziso zokuBhengeza ngokuziThandela leSaziso se-PSC/OPSC, lihlaziywa ngonyaka kwaye liyafumaneka kwiwebhusayithi ye- PSC, www.psc.gov.za. Olu hlaziyo ngokungqinelana negatya leCandelo le-15 (2) lomThetho wokuPhakanyiswa koFikelelo noLwazi. ISaziso seCandelo le-15 le-PSC/OPSC linika ufikelelo phakathi kwezinye izinto, kuzo zonke iingxelo ze-PSC ezipapashiweyo zathiwa thaca nasepalamente, ngokunjalo nazo zonke ezinye iirekhodi ezikwiwebhusayiti ye-PSC, ngaphandle kokuba umntu enze isicelo ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho ekuthethwa ngawo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ezinye iingxelo zamaphondo athile namasebe ezenziwa yiPSC zikho kumaphondo nakumasebe ahlukahlukeneyo. Ukongeza iNgxelo yoNyaka yePSC, iincwadi ezibhalelwe amalungu athile/iimagazini, izibhebgezo, iincwadana zifumaneka ngokuzenzekelayo kwiinkonzo zolwazi nonxibelelwano ngoMnumzana Ben De Villiers, kule dilesi Bend@opsc.gov.za, okanye kwifowuni (012) 352-1059. Uluhlu olunzulu lwamaxwebhu afumaneka ngokulula iqulethwe kwiGatya 15 leSaziso ekubhekiselelwe kuso ngasentla.
Inkqubo elandelwayo ngokuphathelele ekunikweni nasekwaliweni kwesicelo solwazi iqulethwe kumgaqo-nkqubo we-OPSC kumThetho wokuPhakanyiswa kuFikelelo loLwazi. UmGaqo-nkqubo ufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi ye-PSC ku-www.psc.gov.
Umceli kufuneka asebenzise ifomu (ifomu A) eyapapashwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente (iSaziso sikaRhulumente R187 somhla we- 15 kuFebruwari 2002).
Umceli kufuneka kwakho achaze ukuba umceli ufuna ikopi yerekhodi okanye umceli ufuna ukuza kujonga iirekhodi kwii-ofisi zombutho woluntu (PSC/OPSC). Okanye ukuba irekhodi alilophepha liluxwebhu, singaphononongwa kwifomu yesicelo apho kunokwenzeka.
Ukuba umntu ucela ukufikelela kwifomu ethile (umzekelo, ikopi yephepha, ikopi yombane njalo njalo) umceli kufuneka afumane ufikelelo kuloo fomu ngaphandle kokuba oko kwenziwayo kuya kuphazamisa ukusebenza kombutho woluntu obandakanyekayo (PSC/OPSC), okanye konakalise irekhodi, okanye kwaphule ilungelo lombhali elingelilo elikarhulumente. Ukuba ngezizathu ezibambekayo ufikelelo alunakunikwa kwifomu efunekayo kodwa lunikwa kwenye ifomu kwakufuneka kubalwe umrhumo ngokwendlela umceli aqale wacela ngayo.
Ukuba umceli ucela ulwazi egameni lomnye umntu, isikhundla ekwenziwa kuso isicelo kufuneka sichaziwe.
Ukuba umceli akakwazi kufunda okanye ukubhala, okanye unokukhubazeka isicelo serekhodi sinokwenziwa ngomlomo. Igosa lolwazi kufuneka agcwalise ifomu egameni lomceli kwaye amnike ikopi yefomu egcwalisiweyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zemirhumo efuneka ihlawulwe ngokuphathelele kumThetho, eyile umrhumo wesicelo kunye nomrhumo/imali wokufikelelaThere (wokwazisa ngesigqibo esiphathelele ekunikweni kokufikelela).
Umceli ofuna ukufikelela kwirekhodi eliqulathe ulwazi lwakhe, loo mceli akufuneki ahlawule mrhumo/mali wesicelo. Ongomnye umceli kufuneka ehlawule umrhumo wesicelo ongama- R35 (ehlawulwa kwimibutho yoluntu).
Igosa lolwazi kufuneka lixelele ngesaziso umceli (ongengunye umnikazi wolwazi) ngemali emiselweyo ehlawulelwa isicelo esifunwayo (ukuba kufuneka ihlawulwe) nediposithi (ukuba ngaba iyafuneka) phambi kokuba kulungiswe isicelo.
Umceli angenza isibheno sangaphakathi apho kuyimfuneko okanye isicelo senkundla ukuchasa umnikelo wexabiso elithile okanye intlawulo yesicelo.
Emva kokuba igosa lolwazi lenze isigqibo ngesicelo, umceli kufuneka axelelwe ngesigqibo eso ngendlela umceli agfuna ukuxelelwa ngayo.
Ukuba isicelo sinikiwe enye imali yokufikelela kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuvelisa nokukhangela nokulungiselela naliphi ixesha elifunekayo elingaphezulu kweeyure ezibekelwe ukukhangela nokulungisa irekhodi yokubhengeza.
Ukufikelela kwirekhodi kuya kubanjwa ade umceli ahlawule yonke imali efunekayo.
Imisebenzi yePSC/OPSC, emiselwe kwisahluko 1 yeyokuba amaxumi bayo yindlu yomdibaniso nezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaPhondo, amanye amasebe karhulumente kunye namaziko/imibutho yoluntu kwaye ayihambisi ngqo iinkonzo kuluntu. Nangona kunjalo olunye ulwazi malunga nenkonzo yoluntu, isimo senkonzo yoluntu kunye nophando kukwaneliswa kwabemi malunga neekonzo zikarhulumente zingafunyanwa kwiinkonzo zolwazi nonxibelelwano: Bend@opsc.gov.za. Uluntu lunokufikelela nakwinombolo yefowuni engahlawulelwayo echasene noorhwaphilizo yesizwe yenkonzo zoluntu (0800 701 701), egcinwa kwaye elawulwa yiPSC.
IDilesi ye-Imeyile: Mmatharim@opsc.gov.za okanye Thatom@opsc.gov.
I-PSC yongamela kwaye ivavanya iinkqubo zenkonzo zoluntu ngenjongo yokunika uncedo kuze apho kuyimfuneko yenze uphando ukufumanisa niindlela zokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kwiinkonzo zoluntu. Nangona iPSC ingabandakanyekanga ngqo ekwenziweni komgaqo-nkqubo ihambisana negunya layo lokongamela nokuvavanya ubulunga bolawulo nokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo, inika uluntu ukuba ithuba lokubhekisa ilizwi kwindlela elifuna imigaqo yakhiwe ngayo ngokucebisana koluntu neenkqubo zohlolo zokwenza ezidwelisiwe ngasezantsi.
I-PSC yenza uphando olwahlukeneyo ukuya kutsho ekunikeni iingxelo esaziswa kwiNdlu yoWiso-mThetho yeSizwe, kwiziNdlu zoWiso-mThetho zamaPhondo. Ezi ngxelo zazisa inkqubo yokwenza umgaqo-nkqubo nomthetho.
Apho kungayimfuneko i-PSC ize nemithetho okanye izikhokelo ezinokunceda ukuphucula ulawulo kunye/okanye ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kwiinkonzo zoluntu.
Ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zikho ukuba abantu baxele okanye balungise izenzo zaemthethweni ezingekho mthethweni okanye ezingafanelekanga okanye ezinxamnye nomthetho okanye ukushiywa yi-PSC/OPSC okanye nawuphi umqeshwa wayor any of its employees.
Ukulungisa ngokuphathelele kwizenzo okanye intsilelo kwisenzo ngokuphathelele kumThetho woPhuculo wokuFikelela kuLwazi: Igosa lesibheno sangaphakathi kwiinjongo zalo mthetho nguSihlalo weKomishini yeeNkonzo zoluNtu (amagatya 74-77). Emva kokuphelisa ukulungiswa kwesibheno sangaphakathi umceli angafaka isikhalazo enkundleni (amagatya 78-82 omThetho wokuPhakanyiswa koFikelelo kuLwazi).
Umsebenzi weenkonzo zoluntu angafaka isikhalazo sokuba kuphandwe yiKomishini yeeNkonzo zoluNtu ngokuphathelele kwisenzo saseburhulumenteni okanye ukushiywa (igatya lama-35 lomThetho weNkonzo kaRhulumente, 1994). Imithetho kwindlela yokufaka izikhalazo ezinjalo ipapashwe kwiGazethi kaRhulumente 23635 yomhla we- 19 Julayi yowama-2002 kwaye iyafumaneka kwiwebhusayiti ye-PSC, www.psc.gov.za.
Umntu angafaka isikhalazo kumhloli wemisebenzi ngokuphathelele nakokuphi ukwaphulwa okubangwayo kweeMeko ezisisiSeko zomThetho weNgqesho, 1997 (Umthetho wama- 75 wowe-1997 - igatya 78(1)(a)), okanye umThetho wobuLungisa kwiNgqesho t, 1998 (Umthetho wama- 55 wowe-1998 - igatya 34(e)).
Umntu akafaka isikhalazo kuMkhuseli woluNtu ngokuphathelele kwisenzo saseburhulumenteni esingafanelekanga okanye esikrokrelwa ukuba asikho mthethweni okanye ukushiywa (umthetho womGaqo-siSeko nowoMkhuseli woluNtu, 1994, (umThetho wama- 23 wowe- 1994)).
Umntu angafaka isikhalazo kwiKomishini yamaLungelo oluNtu yoMzantsi Afrika ngokuphathelele kwisenzo saseburhulumenteni okanye ukushiywa esirhanelwa ngokuba saphalwe okanye sisongela naliphi ilungelo elisisiseko (umThetho wamaLungelo oluNtu, 1994 (umThetho wama-54 wowe-1994).
Ukuze ukhuselwe kwimpindezelo ngenxa yokubhengeza isimo esingafanelekanga okanye esingekho mthethweni somqeshi okanye umseebezni ongumlingane, loo mntu ubandakanyekayo kufuneka elandele iinkqubo zomThetho woKhuselo kuBhengezo, 2000 (Umthetho wama- 26 wowama- 2000).
Ukusetyenziswa kokunye ukulungiswa okusemthethweni okufana neziko leenkqubo zokuphononongwa kobulungisa besenzo zolawulo ngokuphathelele kumThetho wokuPhucula woLawulo lobuLungisa, 2000 (umThetho wesi- 3 wowama- 2000).
Umntu angacela izizathu zesenzo solawulo ngokuphathelele kumThetho woPhuculo woLawulo lobuLungisa , 2000 (igatya 5).
Umntu angacela ukufikelela kwiirekhodi zesebe likarhulumente okanye zomnye umbutho woluntu ngokuphathelele kumThetho woPhuculo wokuFikelela kuLwazi, 2000 (igatya 11).
Umsebenzi wenkonzo yoluntu kufuneka ngexesha lakhe lomsebenzi wasemthethweni azibophelele kwiKhowudi yokuziPhatha wyabasebenzi benkonzo yoluntu kwaye axelele amagosa afanelekileyo ngobuqhophololo, urhwaphilizo, ukukhetha izalamane ekwabeleni uncedo xa umntu esemagunyeni, ukungalawuli ngokufanelekileyo okanye nasiphi isenzo esikhubekisayo esinokonakalisa umdla woluntu. Umsebenzi osilelayo nokuthobela oku unetyala lokungaziphathi kakuhle. (umThetho B.3 no- C.4.10 wesahluko 2 semiThetho yeNkonzo yoluNtu, 2001).
Imfanelo yomqeshi ngamnye kunye nomsebenzi kukwazisa isimo solwaphulo-mthetho kunye nasiphi isimo sokungaziphathi ngokufanelekileyo emsebenzini esisekelwe kumThetho woKhuselo lokuBhengeza, 2000 (KwiNtshayelelo).
Ukuba kuyimfuneko i-PSC/OPSC iya kuhlaziya kwaye ipapashe incwadi yayo yokufundisa ngokubhekiselele kwigatyana (1) legatya 14, kwizithuba ezingekho ngaphezulu kunonyaka.
ithunyelwe kwiwebhusayithi yePSC , www.psc.gov.
Imisebenzi yeKomishini yeeNkonzo zoluNtu (ngokwepolitiki) kunye ne-Ofisi yeKomishini yeeNkonzo zoluNtu (Ulawulo) zinxulumene ngenxa yenjongo yalo mThetho, i-PSC ne-OPSC azinakubonwa njengamaziko ahlukeneyo. Eneneni i-OPSC lisebe lenkonzo yokuxhasa iPSC kwaye azinakubonwa njengemibutho eyahlukeneyo enokuthobela amalungiselelo eGatya 14(4) (a) lomThetho.
<fn>DAC-NLS. Mphephu.2009-11-17.xh.txt</fn>
Opensheleyo onama-86 eminyaka ubudala waseLimpopo, osibonelelo sabadala sakhe sapheliswa kwiminyaka emithathu eyadlulayo ngokusebenzisa inombolo yesazisi enye nomnye umntu waseFree State, ngoku uncumile esiya kwindawo yokuhlawula, enkosi ngongenelelo loMkhuseli woLuntu.
UNkosk. Nyasedza Sophia Mphephu welali yaseThononda wagxothwa kwisibonelelo senyanga saseVenda yi-Arhente yoKhuseleko loLuntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika (i-SASSA) ngo-Okthobha ka-2005 ngaphandle kwengcaciso kuye. Uthe rhoqo etyelela indawo yokuhlawula phantse iminyaka emithathu, ebuyela ekhaya ephaca qho.
Imeko, nangona kunjalo, yaguquka yangcono ilandela ungenelelo leGqwetha uMushwana njengoko isibonelelo sepensheni sikaNkosk. Mphephu sabuyiselwa. Wafumana umyinge wetyala elingekahlawulwa weminyaka emithathu kwaye uMkhuseli woLuntu uqhubeke wandulula ukuba makahlawulwe inzala kwityala elingekahlawulwa. UNkosk. Mphephu wafumana kwakhona ubonelelo lweziqhuma zokutya zeenyanga ezintathu ngethuba i-SASSA yayijongana nengxaki yakhe.
Ingxaki yakhe yeza kuqwalaselo lwe-Ofisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu (i-OPP) ngoMeyi ka-2008 emva kwephepha-ndaba lesithili eLimpopo, i-Capricorn Voice, eyapapasha ibali lakhe. Ngoko nangoko i-OPP yathi gqi kwisenzo sokuphehlelela uphengululo lwesiqalo sayo kumba.
Uphengululo lufumanise ukuba ukuziphatha kwe-SASSA kwakunxamnye nomthetho njengoko kwakungekho zizathu zikhoyo zokupheliswa kwesibonelelo somxhamli. Kwakhona kwamiselwa ukuba azikho ezinye iindlela zokuphila ezazibekiwe ukugcina umxhamli nosapho lwakhe ngexesha isibonelelo sasiphelisiwe.
Ukulandela okufunyenweyo, iGqwetha uMushwana wabhalela iNtloko yeSigqeba yase-SASSA, endulula ukuba isibonelelo sepensheni sikaNkosk. Mphephu sibuyiselwe nokuba amatyala angekahlawulwa eminyaka emithathu ukuba awahlawulwe, nenzala yawo.
"UMphathi weSigqeba sesiThili we-SASSA eLimpopo makachonge igqiza lophando, njengoko lamkelwe, ukuphengulula umba wezibonelelo eziphelisiweyo ngenxa yokusebenzisa iinombolo zesazisi ezinye elizakuqalisa ngoko nangoko," litshilo iGqwetha uMushwana.
Ukwandulule ukuba i-SASSA inike abazuzi, abapheliselwe izibonelelo zabo, iziqhuma zokutya zexesha lonke lophengululo ukubagcina ngethuba i-arhente isombulula ingxaki eyakhokelela kukupheliswa kwesibonelelo.
IGqwetha uMushwana ukwandulule ukuba isixhobo se-SASSA sithetha ukugqibezela uphengululo lwayo kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokupheliswa kwezibonelelo.
<fn>DAC-NLS. NewsInBrief.2009-11-17.xh.txt</fn>
Owayesakuba lipolisakazi wayezakubuyiselwa umyinge wemali eyayitsalwe kwinkxaso-mali yepensheni yakhe njengenxenye yokuvalwa kwetyala lesebe.UMkhuseli woLuntu uLawrence Mushwana undulule ukuba ummangali abuyiselwe umyinge wenzala, ebalwe ngomhla wokutsalwa kwayo ukuza kutsho ngomhla wentlawulo.
Oku kuze emva kophengululo yi-Ofisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu efumanise ukuba inkqubo emiselwe yiNgxowa-mali yePensheni yaBaqeshwa bakaRhulumente (i-GEPF) kwiNcwadi yayo yokufundisa iNkqubo yokuvalwa kwetyala lesebe malunga necandelo lama-21(3) loMthetho wePensheni waBaqeshwa bakaRhulumente, wonyaka ka-1996 (i-GEP Law) kwakungavunyelwana nayo.
Kwafunyaniswa futhi ukuba isigqibo sokuvala ityala lesebe kwiinzuzo zepensheni zommangali asivumelananga neemfuno zeCandelo lesi-3 loMthetho oKhuthaza uBulungisa boLawulo, wonyaka ka-2000 kwaye ngoko ke "wawungalunganga ngokwenkqubo".
USomlomo weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe wagxininisa ekuthatheleni amanyathelo uSekela Mphathiswa weMicimbi yezeKhaya, uMalusi Gigaba, ngokungavumelani nemfanelo yomgaqo-siseko wokusebenzisana ne-Ofisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu (i-OPP).
Oku kusemva kokuba uMnu. Gigaba esilele ukusebenzisana nophengululo lwe-OPP kwizityholo zokuba wathumela iintyatyambo emfazini wakhe ngeendleko zikarhulumente kwanokuba wahlawula amatikiti enqwelo-moya nokuqeshwa kwemoto zabantu abohlukeneyo kumatyeli awohlukeneyo.
Ukulandela uphengululo, uMkhuseli uLawrence Mushwana undulule kuSomlomo ukuba athathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusilela kukaMnu. Gigaba ukusebenzisana kuyaqwalaselwa.
Ngethuba uphengululo lufumanisa ukuba inkcitho yetyala ezenzele lona i-ofisi kaGigaba malunga neentyatyambo ezathunyelwa emfazini wakhe kwakunxamnye nomthetho, kungenaziqhamo kwaye kuyilahleko, yazise ukuba izityholo ezinxulumene neendleko zokhenketho eyazenzela lona i-ofisi kaSekela Mphathiswa zazingafumaneki.
IGqwetha uMushwana uqhube wandulula ukuba uMlawuli-Jikelele weSebe, uMavuso Msimang, aphucule inkqubo yolawulo lwemali ye-ofisi kaMnu. Gigaba.
IKomiti yeMicimbi yePalamente enoxanduva lwamandla imele ukubeka iliso ize inike ingxelo kufezekiso ngexesha elifanelekileyo nekwaneziqhamo yezindululo ezenziwe nguMmiseli weSizwe wezaMandla wase-SA (i-NERSA) ngoMeyi ka-2008 ilandela uphengululo kukudingeka kombane.
Ukundulula isenzo soncedo esilandela uphengululo lokuqala olusisiqalo sakho kwizehlo zokudingeka kombane nokuphazamiseka kwamandla ombane ngenxa "yokucinywa kombane kwiindawo ezithile ixeshana xa umbane usohluleka ngumthwalo" kulungiselelo lombane ngurhulumente, u-Eskom, uMkhuseli woLuntu uLawrence Mushwana ugxininise uSomlomo weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ukuthatha amanyathelo kulo mba.
Indawo enkulu yoMzantsi Afrika ifumana udingeko lombane nokudingeka kwamandla ngenxa yokucinywa kombane kwiindawo ezithile ixeshana xa umbane usohluleka ngumthwalo ukusuka ngoNovemba ka-2007 ukuya ngoJanuwari ka-2008.
"Iingqwalaselo novaleliso olwenziwe kuphengululo yaba ngezokuba bekukho ukulibaziseka kwindawo karhulumente ukuphucula igunya lokuvelisa umbane lakwa-Eskom ngexesha nokuba uxoliso kuluntu lwanikezwa kulo mba ngophazamiseko olwabakholo lokucinywa kombane kwiindawo ezithile ixeshana xa umbane usohluleka ngumthwalo," litshilo iGqwetha uMushwana.
Wongeze ngelithi i-NERSA, njenge-arhente yomgcini nesinyanzelo yenkqubo-sikhokelo emiselayo enikeziweyo nguMthetho woMmiselo woMbane, wonyaka ka-2006, inamagunya nomyalelo wokuqinisekisa ukuba izindululo ezenziwa kwingxelo yayo ziyaphunyezwa kwanokuba u-Eskom avumelane neemeko zelayisenisi yakhe namalungiselelo anxulumeneyo oMthetho.
<fn>DAC-NLS.PPMessage.2009-11-17.xh.txt</fn>
Ngoku yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ilizwe lethu, kanje ngoninzi lwamanye kwilizwe jikelele, likwimeko yokwehla koqoqosho ngokusesikweni. Ukwehla koqoqosho kungoku ligama ekudumzelwa ngalo elitsha kwaye ngendlela enye okanye engenye sonke sihlaselwe sesi senzeko.
Ngengoko siqhubeka ukuva ubunzima bemeko emandundu kuqoqosho, oko kufuna thina siqine ngokwasezimalini, i-ofisi yam iyaqhubeka ukusebenza ngezikhalazo zokupheliswa kwezibonelelo zepensheni yabantu abadala. Abaxhamli bezi zibonelelo ngabemi abadala, abangabanye bamaqela anokwenzakala elizweni lethu nabahlala endlaleni rhoqo.
Enye imeko enjalo yokupheliswa kwesibonelelo yileyo kaVho Mphephu oneminyaka engama-86 ubudala wePhondo laseLimpopo, osibonelelo sakhe sapheliswa phantse iminyaka emithathu ngokuthathwa njengosebenzisa inombolo yesazisi enye nomnye umntu okwiPhondo laseFree State.
Ukulandela ungenelelo lwe-ofisi yam, isibonelelo sepensheni sikaVho Mphephu sabuyiselwa kwaye wafumana umyinge opheleleyo wemali elityala. Ndiphinde ndandulula ukuba i-Arhente yoKhuseleko loLuntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika, eLimpopo, ichonge igqiza lophando ukuphengulula umba wezibonelelo eziphelisiweyo, ngenxa yokuthathwa njengabasebenzisa iinombolo zesazisi ezinye njengoko oku kubonakala ukuba yingxaki eyenzekayo. Ukufezekiswa kwezi zindululo kwakubekela iliso elibukhali.
Ngethuba urhulumente esenza inkqubela phambili malunga nelungiselelo lwendawo yokuhlala esezantsi ngexabiso kwabahlelelekileyo ngaphezulu kweminyaka, kusekho imiceli-mngeni epha ngaphambili. I-ofisi yam kutshanje iphengulule isimangalo sikaYunithi-R noYunithi-S eLebowakgomo, ngokuchasene neSebe loRhulumente waMakhaya neziNdlu laseLimpopo, ngokusilela ukwakha nokugqiba izindlu ze-RDP ukulungiselela uluntu.
Izindululo ezivela e-ofisini yam yayizezokuba iSebe malakhe lize ligqibezele izindlu zabo bonke abaxhamli abazicelo zabo zaziphunyezwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, imiyinge yenkxaso karhulumente ekhoyo ngoku imele ukusetyenziswa ukuncedisa abamangali njengoko indleko yezixhobo zokwakha inyukile ngaphaya kweminyaka.
Ukuxela ulwaphulo-mthetho ngokuqinisekileyo kwakuphumela kwindawo zoluntu ezikhuselekileyo kungoko i-ofisi yam iphengulule isikhalazo ngomazisi ochasene neeNkonzo zamaPolisa aseMzantsi Afrika (i-SAPS) ngokusilela ukuwonga umsebenzi wayo ukuhlawula uvuzoi olungama-R75 000 emva kokunika ulwazi olukhokelele kukuvalelwa nokugwetywa kwityala lokukhuthuza. Emva kophengululo, ndindulule ukuba i-SAPS ihlawule ummangali uvuzo olupheleleyo njengokuthembisa nokuba kwilixa elizayo, i-SAPS ihlawula iintlawulo zesixa semali apho izithembiso zazenziwe khona.
Nceda uza ngaphambili nezikhalazo zakho, i-ofisi yam ikwiindawo ezohlukeneyo zelizwe kwaye sikwanenombolo yamahala, 0800 11 20 40 ongayisebenzisa ukufaka isikhalazo. Sijonge phambili ekubeni nonxulumano olusebenzayo nawe ukuqinisa idemokrasi yethu yomgaqo-siseko.
<fn>DAC-NLS. Propaganda.2009-11-17.xh.txt</fn>
Isityholo sokuba iingxowa-mali zikarhulumente ezasetyenziswayo liSebe loPhuhliso loLuntu laseRhawutini ukuqhubela phambili i-ajenda yeqela lezopolitiko zazingafumaneki, uphengululo olwalusenziwa yi-Ofisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu (i-OPP) lwabhengeza.
I-OPP iphengulule umba apho iLungu lePalamente likhalaze ukuba isingqiniso esiya kwi-African National Congress (i-ANC) ku-MEC wangelo xesha, kwintetho yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lukaKgaogelo Lekgoro sasingafanelekanga kwaye singekho semthethweni. intetho ehleliweyo yapapashwa njengopapasho kwiphepha-ndaba.
Ummangali ukuchasile ukuba upapasho luwele kwintetho engenasihlahla yezopolitiko lweqela eyahlawulelwa ngeengxowa-mali zikarhulumente.
Nangona kunjalo, uphengululo lwafumanisa ukuba "kwakungaqhelekanga okanye kungafanelekanga" kwiintloko zezopolitiko zamasebe ukubhekisa kukuqonda kwazo kweempumelelo zeqela lezopolotiko abalimeleyo, xa zisenza intetho kwizindlu zowiso-mthetho kwimiba yomnqweno woluntu.
"ISebe linyanzelwa ngokomgaqo-siseko ukwazisa uluntu malunga nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi kwanokuba zabiwa kanjani iingxowa-mali zikarhulumente ezasetyenziswayo," i-OPP inika ingxelo ilandela uphengululo oluxeliweyo.
"Inkcitho elizenzele ityala ngayo ekubekeni upapasho kumaphepha-ndaba ukwazisa uluntu ngeziqulatho zentetho ka-MEC, ayinakuthathwa njengengagunyaziswanga okanye enxamnye nomthetho."
UMkhuseli woLuntu ufumanise ukuba inkcitho elizenzele ityala ngayo malunga nopapasho zange yenziwe ngelize kwaye ngoko ke ayinakuthathwa njengengenaziqhamo neyilahleko.
<fn>DAC-NLS.SAPSReward.2009-11-17.xh.txt</fn>
UMkhuseli woLuntu uLawrence Mushwana ucebise iNkonzo yamaPolisa aseMzantsi Afrika (i-SAPS) ukuba ihlawula umazisi, owanceda amapolisa neGunya-bantu loTshutshiso (i-NPA) basombulula ityala lokhuthuzo, uvuzo ekwakuthenjiswe ngalo olungama-R75, 000.
Emva kokuqhuba uphengululo kumba, iGqwetha uMushwana wacebisa i-SAPS ukuba iyeke ukwenza izithembiso ezingazalisekiswayo njengoko oku kuphumela ekubekweni ibala kwegama layo. "Oku kuziphatha kuzisa umfanekiso wayo (i-SAPS) egameni elibi," utshilo.
Ummangali waya kwi-OPP ngonyaka ka-2007, kwiminyaka emithathu emva kokuba ityala laligqityiwe, kuthathwa ngokuba i-SAPS eRhawutini isilele ukumhlawula uvuzo.
Amapolisa anikele ngovuzo kuye nomphi ongabanceda bona kunye ne-NPA bavalele abarhanelwa nezigwebo eziqinileyo kwityala, elabandakanya uxhwilo lwemali, ukubulala nokuzama ukubulala. Ummangali ukwangqinile enkundleni ngolu hlobo lwesenzo.
Uvuzo kuthathwa ngokuba lwaahlawulwa kwi-SAPS yiKhulani Security, nangona isithembiso sasenziwe ngamapolisa egameni lenkampani yokhuseleko.
Ummangali wabekwa phantsi kwenkqubo yokukhuselwa kwengqina. Ngexesha lophengululo, i-OPP yafumanisa ukuba ngenene ummangali unike i-SAPS ulwazi olukhokelele ekubanjweni nasekugwetyweni kwabarhanelwa kwityala lokukhuthuza.
Kwaphindwa kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-SAPS ngenene yasilela ukuhlawula ummangali uvuzo oluxeliweyo.
IGqwetha uMushwana wangenisa ingxelo yakufumeneyo nezindululo kuMphathiswa woKhuselo noKhuseleko (ekungoku ibizwa amaPalisa) uNathi Mthethwa noMkhomishinala wamaPolisa aseRhawutini uPerumal Naidoo.
<fn>DAC-NLS. TurnAroundAgreement.2009-03.xh.txt</fn>
Amaqela angena kwesi Sivumelwano sokuGuquka ngexesha kwimbali yelizwe lethu xa umceli-mngeni wokulawula inkqubo yotshintsho kwiMicimbi yezeKhaya ikuthi. Lixesha apho amaqela ajongene nomceli-mngeni ofanayo wokwakha nokutshintsha i-DHA yangoku ibe liSebe leMicimbi yezeKhaya elitsha ukuphucula ukufikelela, ubunzulu, izibonelelo zokusebenza, ukusebenza, inkuthalo nexabiso lokunikezwa kwenkonzo malunga nemisebenzi eyenziwa yi-DHA, ekubeni ngaxeshanye ukwandisa ingqesho nokuphucula ukusebenza, uqeqesho kunye nophuhliso lwabasebenzi, ixabiso nokuzinza kwemisebenzi yabasebenzi be-DHA okubalulekileyo kutshintsho oluyimpumelelo lwe-DHA.
Amaqela avuma ukuba anokuzibophelela okufanayo kumdla obanzi wokunika iimfuno zophuhliso zeLizwe neSizwe soMzantsi Afrika. Aqhubeka avume ukuba uMgaqo-siseko ufaka amalungelo abo bonke abantu kwiRiphabliki kwaye ungqina iimpawu zentsulungeko zedemokrasi zesidima, ukulingana kunye nenkululeko. UMgaqo-siseko ubeka umsebenzi kuRhulumemente ukuhlonipha, ukuphakamisa nokuzalisekisa onke amalungelo njengoko kufakwe kuMqulu waMalungelo oLuntu.
Ngokunjalo amaqela abhale phantsi ngqo ingxelo zawo zokuzibophelela kwawo kunikezo olusebenzayo lwenkonzo karhulumente kwi-DHA, eqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo eziyimfuneko ziyanikezwa kubahlali nabasebenzisi malunga nemisebenzi eyenziwa yi-DHA, kunye nolawulo loLuntu oluyimpumelelo nosetyenziso olukwiqondo eliphezulu lokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo. Ukukhawulezisa ukunikezwa kweenkonzo ngokungqinelana nemithetho-siseko yolawulo loLuntu eyaxhaswa kuMgaqo-siseko nakuMgaqo-nkqubo weBatho Pele. Ukongeza, amaqela abhale phantsi iingxelo zawo zokuzibophelela kwawo ukudala inkcubeko yenkonzo karhulumente ethand'ilizwe layo kwi-DHA ezibophelele kulawulo loluntu lwemikhwa esesikweni, ukubambelela kulawulo lomthetho nakwindlela yokuziphatha kwa nokuphakamisa iindlela zokusebenza ezikhoyo ukugcinela kwa nokunqanda urhwaphilizo nokuphatha okubi.
Amaqela kwisivumelwano sokuguquka ngenxa yoko atsho ngokuqinisekileyo ekwazibophelela ukuhlonipha kumagama nezenzo, kwanokuphila ngomoya nangencwadana yesi sivumelwano esiya kulawula iinjongo eziphambili, imithetho-siseko neekqubo zolawulo lwenkqubo yotshintsho ukwakha iSebe leMicimbi yezeKhaya eliTsha.
"Izithuba ezikudidi-A" zizithuba ezikwinqanaba le-9 ukuya kwele-12 kwisakhiwo esitsha.
"Izithuba ezikudidi-B" zizithuba ezikwinqanaba lesi-8 nangezantsi kwisakhiwo esitsha, kodwa akubandakanywa izithuba eziphantsi kodidi-A.
"Ubuchule" buthetha umxube wolwazi, izakhono, ukuziphatha nesiphiwo umntu angasisebenzisa emsebenzini, esibonisa ukuba nako komntu ukwazi iimfuno zesikhundla esithile.
"UMgaqo-siseko" uthetha uMgaqo-siseko womThetho weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika onguNombolo-108 wonyaka ka-1996, njengoko uhlaziyiwe.
"I-DG" ithetha uMlawuli-Jikelele we-DHA, umthunywa wakhe.
"I-DHA" ithetha iSebe leMicimbi yezeKhaya.
"Umqeshi" uthetha i-DHA.
"I-GPSSBC" ithetha iBhunga leeNgxoxo leNdawo yeNkonzo kaRhulumente Jikelele.
"I-HR" ithetha icandelo eliyintloko leZibonelelo zaBasebenzi.
"I-LRA" ithetha umThetho wobuDlelwane baseMsebenzini onguNombolo-66 wonyaka ka-1995, njengoko uhlaziyiwe.
"Ukufuduka" kuthetha inkqubo yokubeka abasebenzi ukusuka kwisikhundla esinye kwisakhiwo sombutho esidala kwesinye kwisakhiwo sombutho esitsha.
"I-NEHAWU" ithetha iManyano yeSizwe, ezeMfundo, ezeMpilo kunye naBasebenzi abaManyeneyo.
"Ukubekwa" kuthetha ukubeka umsebenzi okhoyo kwisikhundla kwisakhiwo esitsha.
"I-PSA" ithetha uMbutho weNkonzo kaRhulumente, iManyano yorhwebo ebhalisiweyo.
"ISivumelwano sokuGuquka" okanye "iSivumelwano" kuthetha esi sivumelwano sabo bonke.
"I-TCF" ithetha iQonga eliCebisayo lokuGuquka.
"Umsebenzi ongabekwanga ndaweni" okanye "umsebenzi oza kubekwa endaweni" uthetha umsebenziongekabekwa ndaweni kwisakhiwo sombutho omtsha.
3.1 URhulumente waseMzantsi Afrika uzibophelele ekuxhobiseni abantu bakhe ukusuka kwiintsuku zabo zokuqala ukuya kutsho kwezokugqibela ngamaxwebhu alungileyo, nangokuxhasa ukhulo nokhuseleko ngokwenza abantu abanesakhono, abakhenkethi kunye nabandwendweli babe nako ukuba negalelo kuqoqosho lwethu.
3.2 I-DHA inika uluhlu olubanzi lweenkonzo kwilizwe lonke. Umzekelo, ngelungiselelo lobhaliso lokuzalwa nangezazisi, isebe lenza abantu babe nako ukuba nokufikelela kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente ezisisiseko. Ikwanika amaxwebhu ayimfuneko abandwendweli abanqwenela ukwenza ushishino kweli lizwe kwaye iququzelela ungenelelo njengommi lwabantu abanezakhono ezinqabileyo elizweni. Ukunqongophala kwezi zakhono kuchazwe njengesithintelo sokwandisa ukuveliswa nokukhula koqoqosho. Lilonke, i-DHA idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufikeleliseni kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente nokuxhasa ukhulo loqoqosho kweli lizwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba mayibe namandla okunikeza ezi nkonzo ngobuchule nangokusebenzayo, ekuxhaseni isiQalo seNyathelo eliKhawulezileyo nelaBiweyo loKhulo loMzantsi Afrika (i-ASGI-SA) kunye nesiQalo esiHlangeneyo kukuFunyanwa kweZakhono eziPhambili (i-JIPSA).
3.3 Ngazo zonke ezi ndlela ziphambili zisengqondweni, urhulumente utyale izibonelelo eziluqilima kutshintsho olugqibeleleyo lwe-DHA uKwakha iSebe leMicimbi yezeKhaya elitsha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iSebe linikeza iinkonzo eziqhelekileyo kuluntu, ezingenabuqhophololo nezisebenzayo kubo bonke abasebenzisi ngokuhambelana neempawu zentsulungeko nemithetho-siseko emiswe kwicandelo le-195 (1) loMgaqo-siseko weRiphabhiki yoMzantsi Afrika.
phucula nokuphuhlisa isiphiwo sabo bonke abasebenzi, kubandakanywa nangokukodwa abasebenzi abakulawulo.
qinisekisa ukuba abantu abanobuchule okanye ukubanako ukuzuza izakhono ezilungileyo nobuchule bafakwa kwizikhundla ezilungileyo.
kuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abanobuchule obulungileyo baphuhliswe apho basilela khona kwixesha eliya kumiswa yi-DHA kwingcebiswano nomsebenzi kunye/okanye nemanyano yorhwebo.
inkqubo yokufuduka kwabasebenzi abaqeshwe kwinqanaba le-12 nangaphantsi kwizikhundla kwisakhiwo sombutho esidala ukuya kwizithuba ezikwisakhiwo sombutho esitsha khon'ukuze bahlangabezane neenjongo eziphambili zeNkqubo yokuGuquka njengoko ziqulathwe kwisivumelwano.
iindlela zokusebenza, iinkqubo, neendlela ezilawula iziphumo zenkqubo yokuGuquka kubasebenzi, kubandakanywa uqeqesho neenkqubo zophuhliso nokhuseleko lwengqesho kunye neziqinisekiso zokhuselo lwengeniso.
ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu uqeshwe yi-DHA uyakudendwa njengesiphumo senkqubo yokuguquka.
4.1 Esi Sivumelwano sibhekisa kubasebenzi abaqeshwe kwi-DHA kwinqanaba le-12 nangaphantsi.
Iimanyano zorhwebo ezisayine isigqibo kwesi Sivumelwano nabo bonke abasebebenzi abaphantsi komda obhalisiweyo we-GPSSBC abaqeshwe kwi-DHA kwinqanaba le-12 namgaphantsi.
malunga necandelo lama-23 (1)(d) le-LRA, bonke abanye abasebenzi bomqeshi abangengomalungu emanyano ebhalisiweyo eliqela kwesi Sivumelwano nabaqeshwe kwi-DHA kwinqanaba le-12 nangaphantsi.
5.1 Amaqela mawabambelele kule mithetho-siseko yokuziphatha kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuguquka kwanokubekwa.
Babambelele kwimithetho-siseko, izikhokelo neendlela eziqulathwe kwesi Sivumelwano.
Basasaze lonke ulwazi olusekwe kwizinto ezikhoyo hayi ukuthekelela.
Balwele ukufikelela kwimvumelwano apho izigqibo zifunwayo.
Benze ngendlela ekholisa kakhulu i-DHA, abasebenzi bayo neemfanelo zayo zokunikezwa kwenkonzo.
Basebenze ngendlela ehloniphekileyo nenembeko komnye umntu.
Babephantsi kweCandelo le-16 le-LRA, ukungaxelwa kolwazi oluyimfihlo.
Babonise umnqweno wabo, ukuzibophelela nenkuthalo yokwakha i-DHA entsha.
Banike isaziso esizeleyo sokungakwazi kwabo ukuya entlanganisweni okanye ukwenza amaxesha amisiweyo, kwaye bayakuyeka ekwenzeni njalo apho kunokuphetshwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Baxele phandle zonke iimbambano ezinokwenzeka baze bazikhuphele ngaphandle bona apho kukho okanye kubonakala ikukuphelelwa ngumdla.
Ukuguquka nenkqubo yokufuduka mayikhokelwe, phakathi kwezinye ziinjongo eziphambili nemithetho-siseko elandelayo.
6.1 Ukuqinisekisa ukunikezwa kwenkonzo okungaphazanyiswanga nokulandelelanayo ngexesha lokuguquka nokufuduka kwanokuqhelisa abasebenzi kwizakhiwo zombutho omtsha.
6.2 Ukuququzelela okona kusetyenziswa kwabasebenzi nokukhulisa amandla abo ophuhliso.
6.3 Ukwenza kakuhle, ngokungaguqukiyo nangokufanelekileyo.
6.4 Ukulungiselela indlela elungileyo neselubala enciphisa amabango neembambano nenika ingqiniseko kubasebenzi kuyakwenzeka ngokufanelekileyo.
6.5 Ukunxibelelana rhoqo nabasebenzi ukudambisa uloyiko nokungaqiniseki kunye nokuxhasa jikelele ukuthatha inxaxheba okwakhayo kwinkqubo.
6.6 Ukunika isiphumo kwizakhono zophuhliso ze-DHA neenjongo eziphambili zobulungisa bezengqesho nezicwangciso, nokubalungelelanisa apho kuyimfuneko.
6.7 Ukunika ilungelo eliphambili nokulawula ukufuduka kwabasebenzi abakhoyo njengokulungileyo nokwenzeka ngokufanelekileyo.
6.8 Ukulungiselela inkqubo apho i-DHA iyakuba nobulumko bokubeka umntu naphi na kwiSebe ngokucebisana nalo mntu okanye imanyano yorhwebo yakhe esekwe kwiimfuno zokusebenza ze-DHA.
6.9 Umsebenzi uyakubekwa kwinqanaba elisezantsi kunelo libanjwe ngumsebenzi onjalo ngoku.
6.10 Ukubekwa kwindawo entsha kuyakwenziwa ngokungqinelana nemigaqo-nkqubo yokusiwa kwindawo entsha eqhelekileyo kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente.
6.11 Ukufuduka kuyakusebenza ngokungqinelana neprofayili yezakhono zomsebenzi nangokuqwalaselwa komthetho-siseko wokuvalwa kokudityaniswa.
6.12 Nika intsingiselo kumthetho-siseko wokuphakamisa intsebenziswano kwi-DHA nolwabelwano ngolwazi, phakathi kwezinye izinto ngokuba ube nokuguquguquka xa ubandakanya abasebenzi kwezinye iindawo apho bangabamba izakhono okanye bazifumane ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
6.13 Ukunyanzelisa umthetho-siseko onemfanelo ekwenzeni nase kuxhaseni izithuba ezingenalungelo lakubhangiswa kuchongo olusisigxina kwezo zithuba kwisakhiwo esitsha.
6.14 Ukuqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo zokusebenza ezoneleyo nezifanelekileyo ziyanikezwa ukulungiselela isicelo esinobuchule sesi Sivumelwano.
6.15 Ukuqinisekisa unikezo lwenkonzo oluphucukileyo.
7.1 Bonke abasebenzi abakwizithuba ezikwinqanaba le-9 ukuya kwele-12 kwisakhiwo esidala mabaye kuvavanyo lobuchule kwiqela elithenjiwe neliqinisekisiweyo kwaye kuyakufuneka baye kudliwano-ndlebe lobuchule.
7.2 Iziphumo zovavanyo lobuchule ziyakusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuphuhlisa iimfuno zoqeqesho nophuhliso zomsebenzi.
7.3 Malunga nezicelo zaso neziphi izithuba ezingenamntu okanye ezitsha malunga noDidi-A lwezithuba, kufuneka umfaki-sicelo ukuba aye kuvavanyo lobuchule kwiqela elithenjiweyo neliqinisekisiweyo kwaye umfaki-sicelo kuyakufuneka aye kudliwano-ndlebe lobuchule.
8.1 Kwisiphumo sesiqulatho somsebenzi wesithuba esibe notshintsho oluzinzileyo, oko kukuthi ama-50% okanye ngaphezulu, isithuba siyakuthathwa njengeso sesithuba esitsha kwaye imithetho-siseko eyimfuneko kwizithuba ezitsha iyakubakho.
8.2 Kwisiphumo apho uvavanyo lomsebenzi lumise inqanaba lesithuba esohlukileyo, imigaqo-nkqubo jikelele neendlela kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente iya kubakho.
8.3 Umntu wesithuba esitshintshileyo nongasilungelanga isithuba esitsha uya kubekwa kwisithuba kwinqanaba elinye kwiSebe.
8.4 Ukufuduka kwabasebenzi bonke ukusuka kwisakhiwo esidala ukuya kwisakhiwo esitsha kuyakuqinisekisa ngokubhala okwenziwe yi-DHA.
8.5 Kwisiphumo sezithuba ezimbalwa ezikhoyo kwisakhiwo esitsha njengoko kuchaziwe kwisakhiwo esidala, uvavanyo lobuchule kunye nendlela ezakumiswa yi-DHA ngokucebisana neemanyano zakusetyenziswa njengendlela yokukhetha ukumisa ubeko. I-DHA iya kubonisana neemanyano kwi-TCF apho indlela exeliweyo itshintsha khona imeko zenkonzo yabasebenzi.
8.6 I-DHA iya kuba nobulumko bokubeka umsebenzi naphi na kwiSebe ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zokusebenza zalo emva kokubonana nomsebenzi kunye/okanye imanyano yakhe. Ukuba ulandulo lomntu onjalo alufanelekanga, i-DHA mayibize uncedo olufanelekileyo elungelweni layo.
Malunga nodidi-B lwezithuba, amalungiselelo esiqendu sesi-6 ngasentla ayakubakho ukulungiselela iimvavanyo zobuchule, ezingayi kubakho.
qinisekisa ukuba izigqibo ezilungileyo zingathathwa ngokunxulumene kokungakhethwa kuko kokubeka okunganika izakhono kwakhona okunokwenzeka.
I-DHA iyakuqinisekisa ukuba kukho unxibelelwano oluqhubekayo kubasebenzi abaseza kubekwa malunga nophuhliso kwinkqubo yokufuduka.
Okulindelweyo, okunxulumene noku okanye neyiphi eminye imiba echaphazela abasebenzi abaseza kubekwa kumele ukulawulwa ngenyaniso, unxibelelwano lwarhoqo noluse lubala.
11.1 IPhaneli eBekayo iyakumiswa ukuze yongamele ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yokufuduka.
I-DG iyakuchonga abasebenzi abahlanu be-DHA, omnye wabo eyakuba nguSihlalo wePhaneli eBekayo. Ukongeza i-TCF iyakumisela usekela-sihlalo.
Iqela ngalinye lamaqela emanyano yorhwebo kwesi Sivumelwano liyakuchonga abakhi-mkhanyo ababini kwiPhaneli.
Ukuthathela ingqalelo nokugqiba kuyo yonke imiba enxulumene kufuduko lwabasebenzi ukusuka kwisakhiwo esidala ukuya kwisakhiwo esitsha.
Ukumema namphi umntu ukuza kwiintlanganiso zePhaneli okanye ngenye indlela ukuncedisa iPhaneli ekwenzeni iimfanelo zayo, apho iindleko, ukuba zikhona, ziyakuthwala yi-DHA.
Ukuxela zonke izigqibo zokufuduka ezithathwe yiPhaneli okanye yi-DG okanye umthunywa ogunyaziswe ngokufanelekileyo kubasebenzi abachaphazelekileyo.
Ukuphanda, nokunika ingxelo kwi-DG okanye kumthunywa ogunyaziswe ngokufanelekileyo kuwo namphi umba ophathelene nenkqubo yofuduko.
Ukongamela nokuqinisekisa isicelo esilungileyo nesingaguqukiyo senkqubo yofuduko njengoko kucingwe sesi Sivumelwano.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokufuduka iyagqityezelwa ize iqinisekiswe isiphelo.
IPhaneli iyakuhlangana njengoko naxa igqibile ukwenjenjalo, nangamanye amaxesha anjalo ukuba uSihlalo ubona kuyimfuneko.
Iimfuno zekoram ukulungiselela iPhaneli zingama-50% kunye nelinye lamalungu ePhaneli.
USihlalo wePhaneli uyakuba noxanduva lokubiza iintlanganiso zePhaneli.
Ngaphandle kokuba kuvunyiwe, izaziso zentlanganiso nganye, ezimele ukubandakanya iinkcukacha zendawo, ixesha, umhla, i-ajenda, nalo noluphi olunye ulwazi oluxhasayo olunxulumeneyo okanye ubungqina ngamaxwebhu, mazithunyelwe kwilungu ngalinye lePhaneli nabo nabaphi abantu abazifunayo okanye babizwe ukuba baye entlanganisweni, zingedlulanga iintsuku ezimbini zokusebenza phambi komhla ocetyiweyo wentlanganiso.
USihlalo wePhaneli makaqinisekise ukuba imizuzu, iikopi zeengxelo zonke nezinye iinkcukacha ezinxulumeneyo exhomekeke kuzo iPhaneli ekufikeleleni kwizigqibo zayo nolunye unxibelelwano lwezigqibo zayo zigcinwe kakuhle.
11.7.2.2 nemizuzu yeentlanganiso zePhaneli ikhutshelwa onke amalungu zingedlulanga iintsuku ezintlanu zokusebenza emva kwentlanganiso nganye yePhaneli, ngaphandle kokuba iPhaneli igqibe ngenye indlela.
USihlalo angachonga unobhala wemizuzu.
11.8.1.1 Wenze imisebenzi yelungu lePhaneli kakuhle, ngokuthembekileyo nangenyameko.
11.8.1.2 Wenze ngokowona mnqweno we-DHA nabasebenzi bayo.
11.8.1.3 Waziphathe kwiimfuno zokumiswe ngokomthetho okwahlukeneyo, umthetho oqhelekileyo nezinye iimfuno ezilawula indlela esesikweni yabasebenzi bakarhulumente.
11.8.1.4 Khusele ubumfihlo bolwazi abalwenza bucala njengelungu lePhaneli.
11.9.1.5 Baye kwintlanganiso nganye yePhaneli, ngaphandle kwaxa ilungu kufuneka lirhoxe okanye likhuphele ngaphandle kwintlanganiso, okanye ngenye indlela lenziwe alabinako ngenxa yokugula, ukulimala okanye ngeemeko ezingalindelekanga ngenene.
11.8.2.1 Mabakhusele ubumfihlo bolwazi alenza bucala njengomkhi-mkhanyo okanye iPhaneli nentlanganiso yayo.
11.8.2.2 Abanakuthatha inxaxheba okanye baphazamise iintlanganiso neenkqubo zePhaneli.
11.8.3.1 Baxele nowuphi umdla walo okanye wabucala othe ngqo okanye ongathanga ngqo elinganawo ilungu okanye umakhi-mkhanyo okanye iqabane lakhe, ilungu elinxulumene kakhulu losapho, isihlobo okanye azimanye nawo kushishino nakomphi umba onxulumene nomsebenzi ohlolwayo kwakhona yiPhaneli okanye umsebenzi owenze isindululo sokufuduka.
11.8.3.2 Barhoxe kwiinkqubo zePhaneli apho umba ubuqwalaselwa khona apho ilungu okanye umakhi-mkhanyo engabonwa enomdla, ngaphandle kokuba iPhaneli igqibe ukuba umdla welungu okanye umakhi-mkhanyo awunto okanye awunxulumenanga.
Akukho lungu laPhaneli liyokusebenzisa isithuba, ilungelo elilodwa okanye ulwazi oluyimfihlo olufunyenweyo njengelungu, ukulungiselela inzuzo yabucala okanye kuxhamle ngokungafanelekanga omnye umntu.
Umsebenzi okanye iqela lemanyano yorhwebo, elisebenza egameni lamalungu alo, kwesi Sivumelwano eliqaqanjiselwe nakwesiphi isigqibo malunga nokubekwa komsebenzi, okanye neyiphi inkangeleko yenkqubo yokufuduka iyonke, lingabhekisa inkcaso kwiPhaneli ngokungqinelana neendlela ezimiswe ngezantsi.
Inkcaso mayibhalwe kwaye iqulathe iinkcukacha ezoneleyo ukuze iPhaneli ibe nako ukwenza isigqibo esilungileyo.
Inkcaso mayifakwe kwiintsuku ezintlanu zokusebenza zomsebenzi oqaqanjiselweyo ofumene isaziso esivela kwi-DHA sesigqibo esithathiweyo ngokuphathelene nomsebenzi.
13.1 Akukho zithuba ziya kupapashwa kude kube kugqitywe ukudityaniswa kunye nenkqubo yokubeka.
13.2 Kwisenzo sokubekwa okugwebayo, upapasho lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle lungabekwa kubulumko be-DHA apho iimfuno zesakhono sesithuba zingadibani nezakhono zabasebenzi ababekiweyo.
14.1 Amaqela ayakucebisana ngombono wokuphuhlisa uqeqesho olubanzi nenkqubo yophuhliso ukuphuhlisa ubuchule, izakhono nengxelo yobuchule yabasebenzi be-DHA.
Uqeqesho lophuhliso lolawulo ukulungiselela abaphathi abakwinqanaba le-9 ukuya kwele-12, oluya kulungiselelwa yi-DHA.
Uqeqesho lokukhathalelwa kwabathengi lwabo bonke abasebenzi abakwinqanaba lesi-8 nangaphantsi kwanoqeqesho lophuhliso lwabaphathi olulungiselelwe abaphathi abakula manqanaba.
Amaqela ayakucebisana ngombono wokuphuhlisa umgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo lomsebenzi obanzi nenkqubo yokulawula umsebenzi wabasebenzi be-DHA abachongwe kwisakhiwo esitsha. Umgaqo-nkqubo uyakuhambelana nesakhelo solawulo lomsebenzi weNkonzo kaRhulumente.
I-TCF iya kuthunywa ukuba isebenze ngayo yonke imiba yonxibelelwano enxulumene nesi sivumelwano.
Esi Sivumelwano siya kuqala ngomhla wotyikityo size siphele ngomhla oyakumiswa ngamaqela.
18.1 Ukuba ingxoxo iphathelene nomba wokufuduka, umsebenzi okanye iqela lemanyano yorhwebo kwesi Sivumelwano makuqale kubhekiswe inkcaso ngokungqinelana neendlela ezimiswe kumhlathi we-10.
18.2 Ukuba inkcaso ayisonjululwanga ngokwanelisayo, umsebenzi okanye iqela lemanyano yorhwebo kwesi Sivumelwano lingabhekisa inkcaso ngokutolikwa okanye ukwenziwa kwesicelo sesi Sivumelwano kwi-GPSSBC.
Ukuba ingxoxo inxulumana nokubekwa komsebenzi, kwaye ingxoxo enjalo ayikho phantsi kolawulo lolawulo lokwenziwa komsebenzi ngokungalunganga, amaqela avuma ukubhekisa ingxoxo enjalo kulamlo lwabucala.
Amaqela ayakumisa iPhaneli yabalamli ukulungiselela oku.
Isayinwe yaze yabekwa umhla e nge umhla ka.
<fn>DAC-NLS. WarningSignsForCanceInChildren.2009-03.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuphazamiseka engqondweni: angemi kakuhle, ukubhityiza okuthile xa ehamba. Maxa wambi umntwana wakho angakwazi ukuhamba okanye ukugaqa ngethuba elilindelelekiyo, intloko ebuhlungu engapheleliyo, okanye intloko edumbileyo.
uSaint Siluan wayengu father wase Russia owabhubhela kwintaba ekuthiwa yi0mount Athos ngonyaka 1938. Wayethandaza ezingisile ethandazela uluntu lonke.
<fn>DOL. ConstructionBlue.2010-10-04.xh.txt</fn>
Qwalasela kanye okwenzekayo ukanti uthathe inxaxheba kwizehlo zengozi?
Unaye umntu onokuya kuye xana ufuna ingcebiso ngezempilo nokhuseleko?
Ukunyangwa kwedolo elonzakeleyo.
ngaphandle kokubeka impilo zabo engozini okanye eyabanye?
Bakhangelwa ngendlela elungileyo banikwe imiyalelo ecacileyo?
Uxoxa nabo kunye nabameli babo ngemiba yempilo kunye nolondolozo?
Ubanike ulwazi ngempilo nokhuselo abalufunayo ngomsebenzi?
Uxoxe ngomsebenzi nabo ngaphambi kokuba baqale?
ezilungileyo, nokufikelela kumancedo, nezinye?
Ukhangela qho ukuba baqhuba njani ufake uncedo apho kusilela khona?
zibaxhase kakuhle okanye olunye ukhuselo ulukulungeleyo esiphelweni?
Isiza sicocekile zona impahla ziselugcinwe khuselekileyo?
Izindlu zangasese ziyafumaneka, zigcinwe zicocekile zilayitile kakuhle?
Ikhona indawo yokutshintsha, ukomisa, kunye nokugcina impahla?
Amanzi okusela akhona?
abakulungeleyo ukwenza oko?
kunye nomoya omkhulu?
esizeni ngexesha lomlilo?
Ingaba abantu abasesizeni bayayazi ukuba ziyintoni ezi nkqubo?
Ingaba ikhona indlela yokukhalisa ialam, ihlolwa nini?
Ingaba ikhona indlela yokunxulumana neenkonzo zengxakeko esizeni?
Ingaba zikhona iindlela ezikulungeleyo ukuphuma zihlala zicacile?
Akhona amalungiselelo oneleyo oncedo lokuqala?
ne asbestosi, ilothe, izinyibilikisi, ipeyinti, isamenti kwakunye nothuli?
ntoni okanye banxibe ntoni ukuze baphephe okanye banciphise ezingozi?
senzakalise ubomi babasebenzi.
ngoomatshini endaweni yabantu?
Usebenzisa impahla yokusebenza enobungozi obuncinane?
Usebenzisa izixhobo ezilulungeleyo uthuli?
esayithini, kunye nokwazi ukuba kufanele benze ntoni ukunqanda ezongozi?
angawo, xakukho imfuneko, ukunqanda ingozi kubo?
Umsebenzi ubiyelwe ebantwini?
Indlela zokusebenza zithentelwe zilayitiwe?
Uluntu lukhuselekile kwimpahla ewayo?
Imisele nemingxuma ivalwe ngokhuseleko okanye ibiyelwe?
kwaye zitshixelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Department of Labour. Website: www.labour.gov.za<fn>DOL. ConstructionHealthAndSafety.2010-11-30.xh.
Uyalazisa iSebe lezeMisebenzi ngomsebenzi wakho wokwakha njengoko umThetho weMpilo kunye noKhuseleko lwaseMsebenzini ufuna kwenziwe oko (OHS)?
Uyazinika ixesha elaneleyo ukuceba, ukulungiselela kunye nokulawula umsebenzi wakho?
Qwalasela kanye okwenzekayo ukanti uthathe inxaxheba kwizehlo zengozi?
Unayo indlela yokulawula ezempilo kunye nengozi kwindawo ezibandakanya abameli bempilo nabokhuseleko kunye nekomiti yezempilo kunye nokhuseleko?
Unaye umntu onokuya kuye xana ufuna ingcebiso ngezempilo nokhuseleko?
Wazisa iziko labasebenzi elikufutshane nawe ngokukhawuleza xa ingozi ibulala okanye ibandakanya ukwenzakala kwendawo ezibalulekileyo, njengokwaphuka, ukusikwa, okanye ukuvaleka amehlo.
Xela nayiphi ingozi enxulumene nomsebenzi engunobangela wokungabikho emsebenzini intsuku ezingaphezulu kweshumi elinesine.
Xela xa ilungu loluntu libulewe okanye lithunyelwe esibhedlela ngenxa yengozi enxulumene nomsebenzi wesiza sakho.
Baqeqeshiwe banazo izakhono zokwenza umsebenzi ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphandle kokubeka impilo zabo engozini okanye eyabanye?
Bakhangelwa ngendlela elungileyo banikwe imiyalelo ecacileyo?
Banazo izixhobo zomsebenzi ezilungileyo, impahla, imatshini kwakunye nempahla ezikhuselayo?
Uxoxa nabo kunye nabameli babo ngemiba yempilo kunye nolondolozo?
Ukhangela qho inkqubo yempilo kunye nokhuseleko lwabo bantu uceba ukubasebenzisa?
Ubanike ulwazi ngempilo nokhuselo abalufunayo ngomsebenzi?
Uxoxe ngomsebenzi nabo ngaphambi kokuba baqale?
Uqinisekise ukuba ubanikile yonke into ovumelene nabo ngayo (umzekelo amanqwanqwa abathi bakhwele kuwo xabesakha akhuselayo, izixhobo ezilungileyo, nokufikelela kumancedo, nezinye)?
Ukhangela qho ukuba baqhuba njani ufake uncedo apho kusilela khona?
wonke umntu ufikelela ekhuselekile kwindawo yokusebenzela ukanti asebenze ekhuselekile?
Iindlela zokungena zikwisimo esilungileyo zinempawu ezibonakalisa ngokucacileyo?
Iziphelo apho abantu banokuthi bawele khona, zinazo izinto ezinokuthi zibaxhase kakuhle okanye olunye ukhuselo ulukulungeleyo esiphelweni?
isiza sicocekile zona impahla ziselugcinwe khuselekileyo?
Izindlu zangasese ziyafumaneka, zigcinwe zicocekile zilayitile kakuhle?
Zikhona izitya zokuhlambela, amanzi ahambayo, isepha, kunye namalaphu okosula alahlwayo?
Ikhona indawo yokutshintsha, ukomisa, kunye nokugcina impahla?
Amanzi okusela akhona?
Ingaba izikefele zimisiwe, ziyatshintshwa, ziqhaqhwe ngabantu abakulungeleyo ukwenza oko?
Ingaba zikhona izithinteli ezisebenzayo, okanye izaziso ezilumkisayo ezibekiweyo ukuthintela abantu ekusebenziseni izikefele ezingaqgitywanga, umzekelo, apho indawo abathi bame kuzo xa besebenza zingenziwanga kakuhle?
Ingaba izikefele zigcinwe ngokufanelekileyo?
Ingaba umntu okufaneleyo ukwenza oko usikhangela qho isikefele, umzekelo nokuba kukanye ngeveki, rhoqo emveni kokuba sitshintshiwe, sonakele nasemva kwemozulu ebinetha, kunye nomoya omkhulu?
Iingxelo zokulolongwa kwaso ziyashicilelwa?
Ingaba zikhona iinkqubo zamathuba engxakeko, umzekelo, ukuphuma esizeni ngexesha lomlilo?
Ingaba abantu abasesizeni bayayazi ukuba ziyintoni ezi nkqubo?
Ingaba ikhona indlela yokukhalisa ialam, ihlolwa nini?
Ingaba ikhona indlela yokunxulumana neenkonzo zengxakeko esizeni?
Ingaba zikhona iindlela ezikulungeleyo ukuphuma zihlala zicacile?
Akhona amalungiselelo oneleyo oncedo lokuqala?
Uziphawulile zonke izinto ezinobungozi kunye nempahla yokusebenza, efana ne asbestosi, ilothe, izinyibilikisi, ipeyinti, isamenti kwakunye nothuli?
Banalo ulwazi abasebenzi kunye noqeqesho ukuze bazi ingozi ezikwizinto ezinobungozi ezisetyenziswa neziveliswa esayithini, ukuba kufanele benze ntoni okanye banxibe ntoni ukuze baphephe okanye banciphise ezingozi?
ngokwenza umsebenzi ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ukususa ubungozi bungabikho kwabona ingaba ikwabandakanya ukwenziwa komsebenzi ngoomatshini endaweni yabantu?
Usebenzisa impahla yokusebenza enobungozi obuncinane?
Usebenzisa izixhobo ezilulungeleyo uthuli?
Abasebenzi banalo ulwazi noqeqesho ukuze bazi ubungozi obukwingxolo esayithini, kunye nokwazi ukuba kufanele benze ntoni ukunqanda ezongozi?
Uphawulile, wachaza ngezinto ezinokwenzeka kubasebenzi xa behlangabezana nengxolo?
Ingxolo inokuncitshiswa ngokusebenzisa indlela zokusebenza okanye kukhethwe imatshini ezingangxoliyo, umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa izaphuli ezikulungeleyo nezinye izixhobo okanye iimatshini ezinezithulisi?
Lukhona ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo olunikiweyo olunxitywa kwindawo ezinengxolo?
Ingaba zonke iinkonzo ezifunekayo esizeni zinikwe phambi kokuba umsebenzi uqale, uzichazile iinkonzo ezikhona esizeni (umzekelo iingcingo zombane okanye imibhobho enikezela ngegesi) wathatha amanyathelo angawo, xakukho imfuneko, ukunqanda ingozi kubo?
Izixhobo kunye nempahla yokusebenza iyakhangelwa ngabasebenzi, ivavanywe esizeni kanti ihlolwe, ilingwe rhoqo ngumntu onesakhono kuloo nto?
Ingaba sikhona iSiqinisekiso sokuThobela sofakelo olutsha esizeni?
Umsebenzi ubiyelwe ebantwini?
Indlela zokusebenza zithentelwe zilayitiwe?
Uluntu lukhuselekile kwimpahla ewayo?
Izixhobo zivaliwe ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa ngokungekho mthethweni?
Izinto ezinokuthi zivuthe okanye ezinobungozi zitshixelwe kwindawo zogcino ezikhuselekileyo?
<fn>DOL. HealthAndSafetyRepresentatives.2011-01-10.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba abaMeli beMpilo noKhuseleko bonyuliwe emsebenzini wakho?
Abahloli beSebe lezeMisebenzi baza kube betyelela imisebenzi ukuza kukhangela ukuba ingaba abaMeli beMpilo noKhuseleko bonyuliwe na kunye nokuba ingaba iiKomiti zeMpilo noKhuseleko zisebenza ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho weMpilo noKhuseleko lwaseMsebenzini, 1993.
Ukuba ngaba umqeshi uqeshe ngaphezulu kwabasebenzi abangama-20 kwaye ishishini sele lisebenze ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezine ngoko ke impendulo kule mibuzo ilandelayo kufuneka ibe ngu ewe.
ixesha lokubamba i-ofisi, imisebenzi nokonyulwa kwabaMeli beMpilo noKhuseleko lwaseMsebenzini?
lwaseMsebenzini wonyulwa kwi-100 ngalinye labasebenzi okanye inxenye ngaphaya koko?
wonyulwa kuma-50 ngamanye abasebenzi okanye inxenye ngaphaya koko?
kwaye ingaba bayazazi iimeko zomsebenzi abaqeshelwe zona?
noKhuseleko lwaseMsebenzini yenziwa ngexesha leeyure eziqhelekileyo zomsebenzi?
Ingaba bonke abaMeli beMpilo noKhuseleko lwaseMsebenzini bonyulwa ngokubhalwe phantsi?
Nokuqhuba uphicotho lwempilo nokhuseleko?
Nokuqhuba uphicotho lwempilo nokhuseleko?
Ukwenza izincomo ngokuphathelene nempilo nokhuseleko?
Ukuya kwiintlanganiso zeekomiti zempilo nokhuseleko?
kuye kwafuneka ukuba onyule abaMeli beMpilo noKhuseleko lwaseMsebenzini ababini okanye ngaphezulu?
Ukwenza izincomo kumqeshi ngokuphathelene nemicimbi yempilo nokhuseleko?
Ukugcina irekhodi yazo zonke izincomo ezenziweyo?
UmMeli weMpilo noKhuseleko lwaseMsebenzini ngamnye ulilungu okungenani leKomiti enye?
noKhuseleko lwaseMsebenzini abasebenza kwakulo Komiti inye?
IKomiti imisela iinkqubo, ixesha nendawo yeentlanganiso?
Usihlalo wonyulwe yiKomiti?
<fn>DOL. OhsAccord.2010-11-30.xh.txt</fn>
_ ukupheliswa kweziganeko nengozi ezimasikizi emsebenzini.
Siwola imigaqo efakwe kwi- ILO Convention 155 kunye ne-ILO Convention 176.
_ukwakhiwa kobume bamaziko obusebenzayo nobufanelekileyo bokusebenza ngokusempilweni nokhuseleko.
Siyazibophelela Kunene ekusebenzini kunye ngendlela eyakhayo, phakathi kokusebenza okusempilweni nokukhuselekileyo.
<fn>DOL. OhsAgriAndForestry.2010-12-07.xh.txt</fn>
Iingozi, ukwenzakala kunye nokugula kunako ukutshabalalisa impilo yabantu kunye namashishini. Izisombululo zikholisa ukungabi nabugocigoci kwaye ziba nexabiso eliphantsi kanti abona bantu babalaseleyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuselo lweefama ngabalimi nabasebenzi babo basezifama. Impilo nokhuselo yimfuneko esisiseko kulondolozo lweshishini lokufama. Amalinge kaRhulumente ewodwa awanakukwazi ukugcina icandelo lezolimo likhuseleke kwaye linempilo ngakumbi, kodwa wonke ubani kwezolimo nakwityathanga lokutya ngokubanzi makadlale indima yakhe.
Ngonyaka ngamnye kubulawa abantu ngenxa yemisetyenzana ethile kumsebenzi wezolimo namahlathi. Abaninzi bangxwelerheke ngokuxhalabisayo baza bafunyanwa kukugula bekwindawo yabo yomsebenzi.
â— Iindleko zolawulo - ukuphanda ngesiganeko, ukukhanda njl.njl.
â— Iindleko zeinshorensi, iindleko zasemthethweni nokuduma kakubi.
Zonke ezi ndleko zinokuthintelwa, ukuze ngolo hlobo kwande inzuzo njengesiphumo. Le ncwadana ke ngoko ijoliswe ekunikeni ulwazi oluya kuncedisa abaqeshi nabasebenzi kwezolimo namahlathi ukuze kuphuculwe impilo nokhuseleko kananjalo kunqandwe imingcipheko enxulunyaniswa nomsebenzi kwicandelo labo.
zowiso-mthetho malunga neshishini. Olo lwazi lunokufunyanwa kwisiza sothungelwano seSebe lezabaSebenzi: www.labour.gov.za.
Ulawulo lwempilo nokhuselo lwabasebenzi lufana ncam nokulawula izixokelelwano zokuqinisekisa ukuba izityalo nezilwanyana zigcineka zisempilweni, zinika eyona mveliso iphezulu ukuze zikwazi ukukwenza ukuba uhlale uqhuba ishishini. Abasebenzi kufuneka babe sempilweni entle kwaye bakhuseleke ukuze basebenze ngokuncomekayo nokuba bakwazi ukusoloko bekhona emsebenzini.
Onke amaqumrhu afuna umgaqo-nkqubo wokuseka isicwangciso sabo sokusebenza ngokubhekiselele kwimpilo nokhuseleko, ngenjongo yokufikelela kwimigangatho ephucukileyo kwindawo yokuphangela. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo mawubhalwe phantsi, ulungiselelwe kakuhle kwaye usekwe ekuzinikeleni kwabaphathi abakwibanga eliphezulu.
â— Uxele iinjongo zakho ngokubanzi malunga nempilo nokhuselo lwabasebenzi bakho.
â— Uphengululwe rhoqo kumathuba athile ukuze uhlaziywe xa iqumrhu lakho liguquka okanye xa kuvela iingozi ezintsha.
Ukuchonga iingozi nokuhlalutya imingcipheko edalwa zizo kubalulekile. Ngaphandle kokuba uyazazi iingozi ezikhoyo kwimida yendawo yakho, kunye nomlinganiselo wemingcipheko eyenziwa zizo, akunakukwazi nokuba kufuneka ilawulwe na okanye nendlela ekunokwenziwa ngayo.
Uhlalutyo lwemingcipheko kukuqwalasela ngokuqaphela oko kunokwenzakalisa abantu kwishishini lakho, ukuze ukwazi ukubona ukuba ingaba uthathe amanyathelo alingeneyo na okanye kufuneka wenze ngakumbi. Wakuba wenze isigqibo ngenqanaba lomngcipheko, kufuneka usebenzise amanyathelo ayimfuneko othintelo nawokhuseleko.
Funa kuyo yonke indawo kwindawo yomsebenzi kwaye ujonge nendlela abasebenza ngayo abantu. Kwakhona qwalasela iingxelo ezibhaliweyo zeziganeko ezidlulileyo, iingozi okanye iingxaki zempilo. Injongo kukuchonga imiba yeengozi ezinokuba neziphumo ezinobuzaza ezinokwenzakalisa okanye ezinokuchaphazela abantu abaliqela.
Chonga abantu abanokwenzakala, nokuba bangaphi. Xa uqwalasela "ubunjani", musa ukulibala izinto ezifana nomsebenzi wolondolozo, apho kunokuvela khona imiba emitsha yengozi.
Hlalutya ukuba ingaba imingcipheko evela kumba wengozi ngamnye obalulekileyo iyalawulwa na.
Iindlela zolawulo zisenokuba zanele kakuhle okanye kusenokufuneka ukuphuculwa kwazo. Abasebenzi bakholisa ukuba nezimvo eziluncedo, ngenxa yokusebenza kwabo imihla ngemihla, ngoko ke babandakanye ekwenzeni izigqibo ngeendlela zakho zolawulo.
Emva kokwenza isigqibo ngento ekufuneka yenziwe, kufuneka wenze isicwangciso ngendlela yokuyenza nokuba kufuneka yenziwe nini. Ukubhala kwingxelo izinto ozifumanisileyo kuya kukunceda ekwenzeni oku.
Kufuneka uphengulule uhlalutyo lwakho xa bekukho inguquko ebalulekileyo kwindlela osebenza ngayo okanye xa unesizathu esenza ucinge ukuba igqithelwe lixesha..
â— Ukuba sesichengeni semozulu, ingxolo okanye ungcangcazelo.
Ukuphatha imithwalo enzima okanye ukusebenza ngezimo zokumisa umzimba ezingalunganga kusenokwenzakalisa izihlunu nesakhelo samathambo somzimba. Loo nto inokwenza iingqaqambo neentlungu zemilenze neengalo, iindawo zokudibana kwamathambo okanye umqolo ngenxa yokupetyeka okanye ukukruneka.
Kufuneka wenze ntoni?
â— Uthutho lwezityalo okanye lwezithole ngezandla kwimigama emide makuthintelwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze kukhuselwe impilo yabasebenzi.
Iingozi ezininzi ezinobuzaza kwiifama zibandakanya oomatshini. Ezinye zenzeka kuba umatshini esuke wasetyenziselwa umsebenzi ongengowawo; ezinye kungenxa yokuba oonogada abafakwanga okanye bagcinwe bekwimo yokungasebenzi. Kufuneka kubekho isixokelelwano esisetyenziswayo sokuqwalasela ukuba izixhobo zokusebenza, kubandakanywa oomatshini, zikhuselekile ukuba zingasetyenziswa. Ukuba izixhobo zisetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezingafanelekanga, kufuneka zihlolwe rhoqo ukuze kujongwe ukwehla kwemeko yazo okunokubanga ingozi, kuba nanini xa kwenzeke iimeko ezinjalo izixhobo ziyasilela kukhuselo lwazo.
Kufuneka wenze ntoni?
â— Izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukutyala imithi maziyilelwe loo njongo.
â— Intloko yesixhobo sokusika nokucebula mayigxile ithe nkqi kwisibambo ngesixhobo esisebenza ngokuncomekayo, umzekelo, iverhe, isikhonkwane sokudibanisa iintsimbi ezimbini okanye ibholiti.
Xa uthenga okanye uqeshise oomatshini umthetho ufuna ukuba umxhasi makafake oonogada bokhuselo abayimfuneko.
â— Abasebenzi baqeqeshelwa ukusebenza ngokhuselo kwaye banikwa kananjalo basebenzisa impahla yokhuselo eyimfuneko.
Iziganeko ezininzi ezibandakanya oomatshini zenzeka ngethuba lolondolozo okanye ngemisebenzi yokunqanda uthintelo.
â— Oomatshini abanyuswa ngoxinzelelo lolwelo okanye iinxalenye ziyathintelwa ukuba zingehli ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zikamatshini ezifana nezinqumamisi okanye iijekhi xa abantu besebenza phantsi kwabo.
â— Banxiba impahla nezixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo.
â— Uphazamise abantu abasebenzisa oomatshini.
Omnye unobangela wokwenzakala kwezolimo kukuphethula iitrektara. Iingozi ezixhalabisayo nezibulalayo ziqhelekile, kwaye iziganeko zibandakanya abaqhubi, abanye abasebenzi nabantu abazihambela ngeenyawo. Ezinye iziganeko zenzeka xa abantu beshiya isithuthi bengaqinisekisanga ukuba asinakuhamba okanye ukuze ngolo hlobo sibange ingozi.
â— Izitshixo zigcinwa zikhuselekile xa izithuthi zingasetyenziswa.
Yenza isicwangciso esifanelekileyo ukulungiselele kakuhle ukuphakamisa, ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo nabantu abanesakhono ukuze kunciphe imingcipheko.
â— Imithwalo yokusebenza ephawulwe njengekhuselekileyo ekwisixhobo sokuphakamisa mayiphawulwe.
â— Xa uqhuba, izilayishi eziphambili ziyaphakama xa zingenanto zize zithotywe xa zizele, ngaphandle kwaxa oko kunokudala ingozi, umzk. kwimigaqo kawonkewonke.
Ukuba sesichengeni samanqanaba aphezulu engxolo kunokwenza umonakalo osisigxina wokungeva, kwaye ixhoba likholisa ukungaziqapheli ukuba aliva kakuhle kude kube semva kwethuba kanti oko kunokukhokelela kwisifo sokundumzela endlebeni okanye ekubeni sisithulu.
â— Apho ukuba sesichengeni kufikelela kuma-90 dB okanye ngaphezulu, phawula ezi ndawo ngolu hlobo "izowuni yokhuselo lweendlebe" kubekho iimpawu ezalatha ukuba ukhuselo lweendlebe malunxitywe uze uqinisekise ukuba wonke umntu ongena kwezi zowuni unxiba izikhuseli zeendlebe.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zongcangcazelo ezifana neesarha zetsheyini, izisiki zeebrashi okanye ezisilayo zinokukhokelela kwimiqondiso yedumbe lezandla neengalo - iqela lezifo ezibandakanya idumbe leminwe nokuba mhlophe kwayo, imithambo yoluvo, izihlunu okanye ukonakala kweendawo adibana kuzo amathambo. Imiqondiso yesilumkiso ibandakanya ukuntlontlozela okanye ukulahleka koluvo eminweni, iminwe ijike ibe mhlophe xa kubanda okanye xa kufumile, kulandele ukuqaqamba nokuthi futhu.
Ukuqhuba iitrektara okanye abanye oomatshini abaziqhubayo kunokungcangcazelisa umzimba okanye siwudlokovise kanti oko kunxulumana nomqolo osoloko ubuhlungu okanye iintlungu kwinyonga nasemadolweni. Iimpawu ezilumnkisayo zibandakenya iintlungu nokuqina okuthile emqolo, kwinyonga okanye emadolweni emva kokusebenza ngetrektara.
â— Gcina izixhobo ngokuchanekileyo, umzk.
â— Hamba ngesantya esifanelekileyo ngokweemeko zomhlaba, phepha imingxuma esendleleni, njl.njl.
â— Fudumeza izandla phambi kokusebenza uze uzigcine zifudumele.
Ukuba sesichengeni semozulu, ngakumbi ukukhanya kwelanga okanye ingqele eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo kunokuba yingozi.
â— Hlala uqwalasela imikhango, iintsumpa okanye ukujika kwebala lesikhumba. Dibana nogqirha xa kuphuma imikhango, amafa, ukopha okanye ukurhawuzela, njlnjl.
â— Impahla yokusebenza mayenziwe ngomchako ogcina imizimba yamabasebenzi yomile kwaye inobushushu obufanelekileyo.
â— Abasebenzi mabanikwe impahla eyaneleyo yokhuselo xa besemngciphekweni wemitha egqatsayo ye-UV okanye imiba yengozi kwindalo, efana nezityalo ezinetyhefu, izilwanyana neentlobo zosulelo.
Ukuphatha izilwanyana kunokubanga i-zoonoses (izifo ezisuka esilwanyeneni zisulele abantu). Izidalwa ezincinci ezingabonakali ngeliso lenyama ezifana neebhaktiriya, iivayirasi, eziphila kwizisulu nezomngundo zinokubanga ukugula ngokusulela umzimba ngokuphefumla, xa ziginywa, okanye xa zigqobhozela esikhunjini. Iimpawu zahluka ukusuka kwiingxaki zesikhumba ukuya kwiimeko eziqala "sabumkhuhlane" nezinokubanga ukugula kwethuba elide ngaphandle kokuba kunyangwe.
Kunokwenziwa ntoni ukunciphisa imingcipheko?
â— Cutha umngcipheko wosulelo ngokugcina imfuyo isempilweni entle.
â— Qinisekisa imigaqo yokuphathwa kwempilo entle yobuqu bakho.
â— Gquma yonke imisikeko nemigruzuko ngezinto zokubopha amanxeba ezingagqithi manzi.
Ukuba sesichengeni semichiza okanye sezinye izinto, umzk. izibulali zezitshabalalisi zezityalo, amayeza ezilwanyana (kubandakanywa iidiphu zeegusha), uthuli, imisi, okanye izinto ezifana nodaka, udaka lwangasese okanye izichumiso; ukuphefumla imisi yeeplastikhi ezivuthayo, okanye uthuli olubangwa kukushenxisa iinkozo, izichumiso, istro, ifula; ukubamba udaka, umgquba njl.njl. okanye ukutshizwa zizibulali zezitshabalalisi zezityalo okanye idiphu yeegusha, zonke ezo zinto zinokubanga ukugula.
â— Ukutswina kwesifuba.
Le miqondiso isenokuba yeyethuba elifutshane ngexesha lokusebenza, okanye isenokuba mandundu ize ithathe ithuba elide ide ibe yinto esoloko ikhona. Xa kunjalo inokusungulwa nakukuba sesichengeni sento encinci gqitha elinokuba alivani nayo igazi lakho, okanye elinokungayithandi . Ukuba uyatshaya, uze uphinde ube sesichengeni sezi zinto unokuzibona uphuhla iingxaki ezinobuzaza zesifuba.
Kubalulekile ukuzikhusela wena nabasebenzi bakho.
â— Ukutshintshela kwizinto ezinothuli oluncinci, umzk.
â— Ukufunxa izinto ezichithekileyo endaweni yokuzitshayela - sebenzisa isifunxi sesakhono esincomekayo.
â— Ngokusebenzisa iziniki-moya zemibhobho yeli lizwe, umzk.
â— Ngokunxiba izixhobo zokhuselo ezinesakhono zamalungu okuphefumla. Qiniseka ukuba usebenzisa imaskhi efanelekileyo okanye isiphefumlisi sothuli, semiphunga okanye izixhobo ezitshiza ulwelo.
Iimaski neziphefumlisi mazisoloko zigcinwe kwindawo ecocekileyo neyomileyo - musa ukuzixhoma kwimihakisho okanye ezikhonkwaneni kwiindawo ezimdaka nezinothuli.
â— Uhlamba imitshizo esesikhunjini nasezimpahleni kwangoko, uze uhlambe phambi kokutya, kokusela okanye kokutshaya.
â— Landela nawaphi amanyathelo emo yonxunguphalo acetyiswe ngumenzi, umzk.
â— Nika ingxelo ngazo zonke iziganeko zokuchatshazelwa yityhefu ukuze ziphandwe ngononophelo.
â— Izityalo ezinyangwayo maziphathwe ngokuqaphela ukunciphisa ungcoliseko.
â— Izingxobo zokutyala okanye izibopheleli nokuba zezinye iziqulathi zezithuthi zezityalo ezinyangiweyo kwindawo yokusebenzela mazicocwe ngokuthi kukhutshwe konke okuphakathi zize zihlanjwe yonke imihla.
Iziganeko zokwenzakala ezininzi kwezolimo namahlathi zisisiphumo sokutyibilika, ukukhubeka nokuwa. Qwalasela ukuba iindawo zokusebenza azinazithintelo, ezifana neentambo zokurhuqa, iingxowa okanye amacandelo amaplanga kwaye kufuneka kubekho isithuba sokulondoloza izixhobo nezinto zokusebenza. Gcina izakhiwo zakho zilungiswa kakuhle, uqiniseke ukuba imigangatho ayisindiswa kakhulu ngemithwalo, ngakumbi kwiindawo zesondlo okanye kwizakhiwo ezidala.
Ukunciphisa imingcipheko yokuwa, ukukhubeka nokutyibilika.
â— Iimpawu zokhuselo apho umngcipheko obalulekileyo wempilo nokhuselo usafumaneka khona emva kokuba uthathe amanyathelo olawulo ngokusebenzisa uhlalutyo lwemingcipheko.
â— Njengoko kuqhelekile ukuba abasebenzi bamahlathi nabezolimo basebenze ngokwamaqela amancinci kwiindawo ezingadibenanga nezinye, umsebenzi ngamnye makaqeqeshelwe ukuzazi iziseko zoncedo lokuqala. Olu qeqesho malubandakanye unyango lwezilonda ezivulekileyo kunye nokubuyisa ukuphila.
â— Uthutho okanye indlela yonxibelelwano mayifumaneke kwindawo yomsebenzi ukuze kuqhagamshelwane neenkonzo zohlangulo phantsi kwemo yonxunguphalo.
Kukho umngcipheko wokuguliswa zizinto ezinobungozi okanye ngenxa yobumdaka okanye iimveliso zezilwanyana eziqulethe izidalwa ezincinanana ezisenokuba nobungozi.
â— Amanzi okusela acocekileyo (aphawulwe ukuze ahlukaniswe kulawo angafanelanga kuselwa).
Izifo ezithile ezibangwa kukusebenza mazixelwe kwiSebe lezabaSebenzi.
â— Oomatshini - intlanganisela yemiqondiso yongcangcazelo lwezandla neengalo ukusuka ekusebenzeni ngeesarha zetsheyini, izisiki zebrashi okanye iisarha zesandla ezisika ngokwesangqa.
Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunolu nceda qhagamshelana neziko lakho elilelona likufutshane lezabasebenzi okanye iofisi yephondo.
<fn>DOL. OhsGuide.2010-12-07.xh.txt</fn>
Uyalazisa iSebe lezeMisebenzi njengoko kufunwa ngumThetho weMpilo noKhuseleko lwaseMsebenzini?
Uyazinika ixesha elaneleyo ukuceba, ukulungiselela kunye nokulawula umsebenzi wakho?
Qwalasela kanye okwenzekayo ukanti uthathe inxaxheba kwizehlo zengozi?
Unayo indlela yokulawula ezempilo kunye nengozi kwindawo ezibandakanya abameli bempilo nabolondolozo kunye nekomiti yezempilo kunye nokhuseleko?
Unaye umntu onokuya kuye xana ufuna ingcebiso ngezempilo nolondolozo?
Wazisa iziko labasebenzi elikufutshane nawe ngokukhawuleza xa ingozi ibulala okanye ibandakanya ukwenzakala kwendawo ezibalulekileyo, njengokwaphuka, ukusikwa, okanye ukuvaleka amehlo.
Xela nayiphi ingozi enxulumene nomsebenzi engunobangela wokungabikho emsebenzini intsuku ezingaphezulu kwe-14.
Xela xa ilungu loluntu libulewe okanye lithunyelwe esibhedlela ngenxa yengozi enxulumene nomsebenzi wesiza sakho.
Baqeqeshiwe banazo izakhono zokwenza umsebenzi ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphandle kokubeka impilo zabo engozini okanye eyabanye?
Bakhangelwa ngendlela elungileyo banikwe imiyalelo ecacileyo?
Banalo ufikelelo kwizibonelelo zokuhlamba kunye nezindlu zanmgasese?
Banazo izixhobo zomsebenzi ezilungileyo, impahla, imatshini kwakunye nempahla ezikhuselayo?
Uxoxa nabo kunye nabameli babo ngemiba yempilo kunye nolondolozo?
Ukhangela qho inkqubo yempilo kunye nolondolozo yabobantu uceba ukubasebenzisa?
Ubanike ulwazi ngempilo nokhuseleko abalufunayo ngomsebenzi kwaye uqinisekise ukuba bafanelekile phambi baqale umsebenzi wabo?
Uxoxe ngomsebenzi nabo ngaphambi kokuba baqale?
Uqinisekise ukuba ubanikile yonke into ovumelene nabo ngayo (umzekelo izikefele ezikhuselayo, oomatshini abalungileyo, nokufikelela kwintlalontle)?
Ukhangela qho ukuba baqhuba njani ufake uncedo apho kusilela khona?
Ingaba wonke umntu ufikelela ekhuselekile kwindawo yokusebenzela ukanti asebenze ekhuselekile?
Ingaba iindlela zokungena zikwisimo esilungileyo zinempawu ezibonakalisa ngokucacileyo?
Ingaba iziphelo apho abantu banokuthi bawele khona, zinazo izinto ezinokuthi zibaxhase kakuhle okanye olunye ukhuselo olufanelekileyo esiphelweni?
Ingaba imingxunya yogqunyiwe, ikhuselwe, ibiyelwe kwaye iphawulwe ngokucacileyo ukuthintela ukuwa Ingaba isiza sicocekile zona impahla zibekwe ngokukhuselekileyo?
Izindlu zangasese ziyafumaneka, zigcinwe zicocekile zilayitile kakuhle?
Zikhona izitya zokuhlambela, amanzi ahambayo, isepha, kunye namalaphu okosula alahlwayo?
Ikhona indawo yokutshintsha, ukomisa, kunye nokugcina impahla?
Ingaba amanzi okusela neekomityi zinikiwe?
Ingab ikhona indawo abasebenza abangahlala kuyo balungise iziselo zabo ezishushu?
Ingaba nabani na ofuna ukusebenzisa izibonelelo zempilo angafikelela ngokulula nangokukhuselekileyo kuzo?
Izikefele zikulungele ukusetyenziswa, ziyatshintshwa, ziqhaqhwe ngabantu abakulungeleyo ukwenza oko?
Izikefele ezinazo indawo zokunyathela ezisisiseko (apho kukho imfuneko indawo zokunyathela zamaplanga)?
Zikwindawo eyiyo izimisi, ileja, unojiko, kunye nesibambi sikefele sesikefele?
Isikefele sikhuselekile kwisakhiwo okanye kwindawo esime kuyo, sikwindawo eyaneleyo ukunqanda ukuwa?
Zikhona ngokwaneleyo indawo zokuxhasa kunye nebhodi zeminwe, okanye ulunye ukhuseleko ulukulungeleyo, kuzo zonke iziphelo ukukhusela ukuwa?
Zikhona izigadi zitena ezongeziweyo ukunqanda ukuwa kwempahla kwisikefele?
Indawo zokusebenzela zinazo ibhodi ukanti zibekwe ngendlela yokunqanda intshukumo okanye ukuwa?
Zikhona izithinteli ezilungileyo, okanye izazisi ezilumkisayo ezibekiweyo ukuthintela abantu ekusebenziseni izikefele ezingagqitywanga, umzekelo, indawo abathi beme kuzo xa besebenza ezingenziwanga kakuhle?
Izikefele zomelele ngokupheleleyo ukuthwala ubungakanani bempahla egcinwe kuso ukanti zabiwe kakuhle?
Izikefele zilungisiwe kakuhle?
Umntu onolwazi ulikhangela qho inqwanqwa, umzekelo nokuba kukanye ngeveki rhoqo emveni kokuba litshintshiwe, lonakele nasemveni kwesimo sezulu esibi?
Ingxelo zokuhlolwa kwalo ziyabhalwa?
Izibambi nqwanqwa zimekakuhle zisetyenziswa ngemiyalelo yabaniki balo?
Amavili enqwanqwa ayavalwa xa lisetyenziswa ukanti indawo ezenziweyo abathi beme kuzo xa besebenza azinanto xabezisusa?
Iileli zisetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo ukwenza umsebenzi?
Iileli zima endaweni eqinileyo hayi kwindawo ezingomelelanga okanye kwimpahla ezingakhuselekanga?
Iileli zikhuselekile ukunqanda ukuwa emacaleni nangaphandle?
Iileli zima kumphakamo olungileyo ngaphezulu kwendawo ezihleli kuyo Ukuba akunjalo zikhona iindawo zokubambelela ezifumanekayo?
Iileli zibekwe kwindawo entle ukuze abasebenzisi bazo bangadontseki ngokungaphaya?
Lukhona ukhuselo lwesiphelo ukunqanda ukuwa kwabantu okanye okwempahla?
Ngexesha lofulelo lweshishini, bezikhona iinethi ukunqanda ukuwa kwabantu esiphelweni esikhokhela ukuya ephahleni okanye kumacangci angagqitywanga ukumiswa?
Uyichazile impahla engomelelanga efana namaphepha esamenti kunye nezibane zophahla?
Uzithathile izilumkisi ukunqanda abasebenzi ukuba bangaweli kwezimpahla ngelixa besebenza eluphahleni?
Zikhona indawo ezahluliweyo abasebenzi bagcinwa kude nendawo engaphantsi kophahla?
Ikhona inkxaso epheleleyo yokuba kungembiwa, okanye ithambekisiwe, isisithabazi okanye yalungiswa ngokutsha kwikona ekhuselekileyo?
Ikhona inkqubo ekhuselekileyo esetyenziswayo ukubeka uxhaso, ngaphandle kokuba abantu basebenze kumsele ongaxhasekanga?
Ikhona indlela engenayo emseleni, umzekelo mde ngokupheleleyo, ileli ekhuselekileyo?
Zikhona iileli kumakhefu arhoqo?
Zikhona izithinteli okanye ezinye izikhuseli ukuthintela abantu kunye nezithuthi ukuba zingawi ngaphakathi?
Zikhona izitena ezikhuselayo ngokupheleleyo ukukhusela iimoto ezi ekuweni ngaphakathi?
Iinqwelo mafutha ziyavunyelwa ukuba zifikelele emseleni kumgama okude kwindawo enokuthi ibangele ukuwa?
Umsele ungakuchaphazela ukuma kwezakhiwo okanye amancedo akufutshane?
Impahla , nezinto ezishiyekileyo nezixhobo zigcinwa kude nesiphelo somngxuma ukunciphisa amathuba okuwa?
Umngxuma ukhangelwa qho ngomntu onolwazi?
Ikhona impahla enzima efana nezibophi zophahla, izixhasi zekhonkriti, namatye okukhusela kunye nemveliso ezisezingxoweni ezinokubangela ingxaki xa zinokususwa ngezandla?
Khetha impahla elula?
Usebenzise ikiliva, isilenge, izinto eziphathwayo kunye nezinye izixhobo nempahla ukwenzela ukuba ukuphakanyiswa kwezinto ezinzima ngezandla kubekuncinane?
Thenga impahla efana nesamenti ekumlinganiselo we 25 kg wengxowa?
Phepha ukuhlala ngokunge yomfuneko kwezitena zokwakha ezinzima ezibunzima obungaphezulu kwe 20 kg?
abantu bayalelwe baqeqeswa ngokuphakamisa izinto ezinzima ngokukhuselekileyo?
Izithuthi kunye nabantu bohlulwe ngezithinteli?
Sebenzisa izithinteli ukohlula indawo zokusebenzela?
Unyuse isilumkiso ngendawo eziyingozi, nokuba kwenziwe ntoni ngazo?
Ubonise impawu zokulumkisa?
Ikhona indawo eyaneleyo ecacileyo ejikeleze imoto ezitshebelezayo?
Ukubuyela emva kunako ukuphepheka, umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa indlela enye okanye, ukuba akunjalo, bakhona abantu bokuqaphela abaqeqeshwe ngendlela eyiyo abasetyenziswayo?
Abaqhubi bafumene uqeqesho olulungileyo banazo iziqiniselo ezifunekayo ukusebenzisa ezinye intlobo zezithuthi eziphakamisayo okanye imatshini abazisebenzisayo?
Izinto ezilayishwayo zikhuseleke ngokupheleleyo?
Uqinisekisile ukuba abagibeli bakhwela kwizithuthi ezilungele bona?
Uqinisekisile ukuba imatshini azisetyenziswa kumathambeka ayingozi?
Kusetyenziswa izixhobo okanye omatshini abalungileyo ukwenza umsebenzi?
Zigadiwe zonke indawo eziyingozi, umzekelo, amagiya, abaqhubi bamatsheyini, ishaft ze enjini ezisetyenziswayo?
Izinto ezikhusela izinto ezisetyenziswayo zikhuselekile, zikwimo elungileyo?
Izixhobo kunye nematshini zigcinwa zikwisimo esilungileyo izinto zokhuseleko zisebenza kakuhle?
Abalungisi baqeqeshiwe banolwazi?
Izixhobo zokusebenza zifakelwe ngumntu onolwazi?
Abafakeli baqeqeshiwe banalo ulwazi?
Imveliso ibiqingqiwe iphawulwe ngokucacileyo?
Isilenge sinayo ingxelo ekhona okanye uvavanyo ngqo kwakunye nengxelo yohlolo?
Ikhona indawo yokuma evaliweyo ukulhusela abantu bangabethwa naziziphi indawo ezishukumayo zesilenge?
Amasango okothula impahla ahlala evaliwe xa iplatifom isothula?
Zikhona iinkqubo zamathuba engxakeko, umzekelo, ukuphuma esizeni ngexesha lomlilo?
Abantu abasesizeni bayayazi ezo nkqubo?
Ikhona indlela yokukhalisa ialam , ihlolwa nini?
Zikhona indlela ezikulungeleyo ukuphuma zihlala zilungile?
Akhona amalungiselelo oncedo lokuqala alungileyo?
Igcinwa iphantsi uhlobo lwempahla enokutsha, ulwelo kunye negesi?
Isilinda zegesi ezinokuvutha zibuyiselwa kwindawo yogcino engenisa umoya emveni kwexesha lomsebenzi?
Isilinda ezizeleyo nezingenanto zigcinwa ngokohlukana ukanti ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo?
Kuvaliwe ukutshaya kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela ukutsha kwindawo ekugcinwe okanye ekusetyenziswa kuzo igesi kunye namalwelo atshayo?
Isilinda zegesi, nemibhobho enxulumene nazo, kunye nezixhobo zigcinwe kakuhle zikwisimo esilungileyo?
Xa isilinda zegesi zingasetyenziswa, izivalo zivalwa ngokupheleleyo?
Inkunkuma enokutsha isuswa qho ukanti igcinwe kwimigqomo yenkunkuma efanelekileyo?
Zikhona izicima mlilo ezilungileyo?
Uziphawulile zonke izinto ezinobungozi kunye nempahla yokusebenza, efana ne asbhestosi, ilothe, izinyibilikisi, ipeyinti, isamente kwakunye nothuli?
Ukhangele ukuba umakhi onephephha-mvume uyafuneka ukujongana ne asbestos esayithini?
Uphawulile wazibeka izilumkisi ukukhusela nokulawula ukudibana nezinto eziyingozi?
ngokwenza umsebezi ngenye indlela eyahlukile , ukususa ubungozi bungabikho kwabona?
Usebenzisa impahla enobungozi obuncinane?
Usebenzisa izixhobo ezikulungeleyo ukususa uthuli?
Abasebenzi banalo ulwazi kunye noqeqesho ukwazi ukuba ziziphi iingozi ezikwizinto ezinobungozi ezisetyenziswa neziveliswa esayithini, ukanti kufanele benze ntoni ukuphepha ezongozi?
Unayo inkqubo yokukhusela ukudibana ne samenti emanzi(njengoko inokubangela isifo solusu kunye nokutshiswa yisamenti)?
Ululungiselele ukhathalelo lwempilo yabantu abasebenzisa ezinye izinto ezinobungozi, (umzekelo, ilothe)?
Ingaba zinikwe izicima mlilo?
Abasebenzi banalo ulwazi noqeqesho ukuze bazi ubungozi obukwingxolo esayithini, kunye nokwazi ukuba kufanele benze ntoni ukunqanda ezongozi?
Uphawulile, wachaza ngezinto ezinokwenzeka kubasebenzi xa behlangabezana nengxolo?
Ingxolo inokuncithiswa indlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza okanye kukhethwe izixhobo ezingangxoliyo, umzekelo, izaphuli ezikulungeleyo nezinye izixhobo okanye iimatshini ezinezithulisi?
Abantu abangadibananga nomsebenzi bagcinwa kude nalapho ingxolo ivela khona?
Lukhona ukhuseleko olufanalekileyo olunikiweyo olunxitywa kwindawo ezinengxolo?
Ziphawuliwe indawo ekufuneka ukhuseleke kuzo kwingxolo?
Ubalungiselele abantu abakwindawo ezinengxolo ephezulu izilondolozi mpilo?
Banalo ulwazi noqeqesho abasebenzi ukuze bazi ubungozi bentshukumo yesandla nesihlahla (HAV) esizeni, bazi ukuba kufanele benze ntoni ukuphepha ezongozi?
Uzichazile, wabonisa ingozi kubasebenzi ngokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezishukumayo ixesha elide, njenge zaphuli konkrithi, izisili kona okanye izando zokubhola?
Ukujongana nentshukumo yesandla nesihlahla kuncitshiswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngokukhetha indlela zokusebebenza ezilungileyo kunye nezixhobo?
Zisetyenziswa apho kuyimfuneko izixhobo ekuncitshiswe intshukumo?
Zigcinwa kakuhle izixhobo ezishukumayo?
Ubalungiselele izikhathaleli mpilo abantu abajongene nentshukumo zesandla nesihlahla eziphezulu, ingakumbi xa bejongene nayo ixesha elide?
Zinikiwe inkonzo zoncedo ezifunekayo esizeni phambi kokuba umsebenzi uqalwe ukanti uzichazile inkonzo zoncedo ezikhona esizeni (umzekelo, iingcingo zombane okanye imibhobho ehambisa igesi)wayithatha imiqathango eyiyo, xa kukho imfuneko ukunqanda ingozi kubo?
Usebenziisa ivolti ephantsi yezixhobo kunye nempahla, umzekelo, izixhobo ezisebenzisa iibactri okanye inkqubo zevolti ephantsi?
Ingcingo kunye nelothe zikhuselekile ekumoshakaleni?
Zonke izinto ezidityaniswe kumxokelelwano zenziwe kakuhle ukanti iplagi zisetyenziswe kakuhle?
Izixhobo kunye nempahla ziyakhangelwa ngabasebenzisi, zivavanywe esizeni zihlolwe qho zilingwe ngumntu onolwazi?
Ingcingo zombani ezifihliweyo kunye nezinye inkonzo ziyaziwa apho zikhona (umzekelo, ngesazisi kunye neeplani) ukanti ziphawuliwe, uzenzile izilumkisi ngokuhamba ukhuselekile?
Apho kukhona ilayini ngaphezulu, ukungena kombane kuvaliwe, okanye izilumkisi ziyenziwa njengokunikeza izikhundla okanye iteyipi eziphawuliweyo?
Umsebenzi ubiyelwe ebantwini?
Iindlela zokusebenza zinazo izikhuseli?
Uluntu lukhuselwe kwimpahla enokuwa?
Umjikelezo wesiza ukhuseleke kakuhle?
Iileli zisusiwe okanye izikefele nazo zisusiwe ukuze zingasetyenziswa?
Izixhobo zivaliwe ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa ngokungekho mthethweni?
Izitena kunye ne mpahla zibekwe kakuhle?
Izinto ezinokuthi zivuthe okanye ezinobungozi zitshixelwe kwindawo zogcino ezikhuselekileyo?
<fn>DOL. OhsInSchools.2011-01-10.xh.txt</fn>
Indawo ekusetyenzelwa kuyo iyayichaphazela kakhulu impilo yabantu. Ukunganonotshelwa kwempilo nokhuseleko lwabantu kwiindawo abasebenza kuzo kungakhokelela kwizigulo, ukwenzakala nokufa.
Izikolo, iikholeji neeyunivesithi zifanele ukuba zibe ziindawo zokusebenzela ezinempilo ukuze abasebenzi basebenze ngokuzinikela. Oku kungenzeka xa kuqatshelwe impilo nokhuseleko lwabantu kwezo ndawo basebenza kuzo.
Ukwenza unakonako wokukhusela abantu kwizigulo ezibangwa ngumsebenzi, ukungaphangeli ngenxa yobunkenenkene bempilo, nokufuneka kunikwe abantu ithuba lokuchacha nokubuyela empilweni emva kokugula kungalulutho kubaqeshi nakubasebenzi.
Ukuze kufumaneke oku kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba iindawo ekusetyenzelwa kuzo zinempilo nokhuseleko.
Yeyiphi imithetho esebenzayo?
Ngumthetho wempilo nokhuseleko emsebenzini ka1993.
Kutheni kukho ulawulo lwempilo nokhuseleko?
Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwempilo nokhuseleko emsebenzini, kukho imithetho enyanzelisa wonke umntu ukuba angabeki ubomi bakhe okanye obabanye abantu engozini. Le mithetho ikhusela abantu kwiingozi ezingehla kwezo ndawo basebenza kuzo.
Ingaba imithetho yempilo nokhuseleko iyandichaphazela?
Ewe, ichaphazela zonke izikolo, iikholeji neeyunivesithi.
Inyanzeliswa ngubani le mithetho yempilo nokhuseleko?
Inyanzeliswa ngabahloli beSebe lemiSebenzi.
Bayinyanzelisa njani abahloli le mithetho?
Abahloli batyelela zonke iindawo ekusetyenzelwa kuzo ukuya kuqonda ukuba abantu bayayithobela imithetho ebekiweyo. Baphanda iingozi nezikhalazo baze bancede abaqeshi nabasebenzi ngokuqonda ekufuneka bakwenze.
Ingaba izikolo, iikholeji neeyunivesithi kulindeleke ukuba zibe nabameli neekomiti zempilo nokhuseleko?
Apho kuqeshwe abasebenzi abangaphezu kwama20, kufuneka kukho ummeli wempilo nokhuseleko. Kulindeleke ummeli omnye kwikhulu ngalinye labantu.
Ingaba kufuneka zixelwe izehlo?
Ezinye zezehlo ezenzeka ezikolweni, kwiikholeji neeyunivesithi okanye ezenzeka ngaphandle kodwa zinxulumene nokufunda kunyanzelekile ukuba zixelwe kuMphathi Olawulayo wePhondo. Khangela uludwe lweenombolo ongazitsalela.
Ungazifumana iinkcukacha zezehlo ekufuneka zixelwe kwicandelo lama24 nelama25 womthetho wempilo nokhuseleko kwiindawo zomsenenzi. Iziganeko ezifana nokuphathana gadalala zona azixelwa kuMphathi Olawulayo wePhondo.
Luhlobo luni lwezinto ezinobungozi ezingafumaneka kwizikolo, iikholeji neeyunivesithi?
Ukuba kwiindawo enezinto ezenziwe ngeasbestos.
Yintoni ekufanele ukuba ndiyenze ngobu bungozi?
Xa ubona izinto ezinobungozi kufuneka uzisuse okanye unciphise ubungozi obo. Ukuba awukwazi ukubususa kufuneka uthabathe amanyathelo aya kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabantu kubungozi obo.
<fn>DOL. OhsInSmallBusinesses.2011-01-10.xh.txt</fn>
Ingantoni impilo nokhuseleko lwabantu emsebenzini?
Ingokhuseleko lokuba abantu bangenzakali okanye bagule ngokuthabatha amanyathelo nokuqinisekisa ukulunga kweendawo ekusetyenzelwa kuzo.
Impilo nokhuseleko lwabantu luqinisekiswa njani?
Kukho imithetho ebekiweyo eqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwethu nolwabanye abantu kwiingozi. Umthetho ubekiwe wokukhusela abantu kwiingozi kwezo ndawo basebenza kuzo.
Ingaba le mithetho yempilo nokhuseleko iyasebenza kumashishini amancinane?
Ewe, imithetho yempilo nokhuseleko iyasebenza kuwo onke amashishini nokuba sele emancinane kangakanani na. Ide isebenze nakubantu abaziqeshe ngokwabo.
Ngowuphi umthetho osebenzayo?
NguMthetho weMpilo noKhuseleko emsebenzini onguNombolo 85 ka1993.
Ngubani onoxanduva lokuqulunqa nokunyanzelisa imithetho yempilo nokhuseleko?
ISebe leMisebenzi lilo elinoxanduva lokuqulunqa imithetho yempilo nokhuseleko eMzantsi Afrika. ISebe leMisebenzi liqesha abahloli ukunyanzelisa imithetho yempilo nokhuseleko.
Benza ntoni aba bahloli?
Batyelela iindawo ekusetyenzelwa kuzo ukuya kukhangela ukuba imithetho iyathotyelwa. Baphanda izehlo nezikhalazo. Banceda abantu ukuqonda ekufanele bakwenze. Banyanzela ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho apho yaphulwa khona.
Kwenziwa ntoni xa kukho owenzakele emsebenzini?
Umqeshi okanye lowo uziqeshe ngokwakhe ufanele azixele izehlo kwiSebe leMisebenzi. Ezi zehlo kufanele zixelwe ngoko nangoko ingakumbi xa zinobungozi okanye zixelwe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezisixhenxe.
Ingaba impilo nokhuseleko iphantsi kolawulo kwindawo osebenza kuyo?
Ukuze kuthatyathwe amanyathelo okulawula umngcipheko kwindawo ekusetyenzelwa kuyo kufuneka kuhlolwe kuqala inqanaba lomngcipheko ukuze kuzuzwe ulwazi ngemingcipheko engalindeleka kulo ndawo. Emva koku kungathatyathwa amanyathelo okulawula imingcipheko leyo.
Yintoni uhlolo lomngcipheko?
Kukuhlolisiswa ngenyameko indawo ekusetyenzelwa kuyo ukubona okunganobungozi kubomi babantu.
Yeyiphi imincipheko okanye ukwenzakala okungenzeka emsebenzini?
Mininzi imingcipheko engafumaneka emsebenzini.
Ukutyibilika okanye ukukhubeka.
Ukuwa usuka kwindawo ephezulu umz.
Umqeshi okanye oziqeshe ngokwakhe ufanele aqinisekise ukuba akukho mntu wenzakalayo okanye ochaphazelekayo ngenxa yokwenzeka emsebenzini. Abasebenzi nabo bafanele ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu wenzakala ngenxa yokungaqapheli okanye ukungasebenzisani kwabo nomqeshi.
<fn>Densification_Summary_xhosa_web.txt</fn>
Ngalo lonke ixesha iKapa liyatshintsha kwaye liyakhula. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba lihlala liyindawo esemgangathweni yokuhlala, ukusebenza neyotyalo-mali kwakhona ikwayindawo yabakhenkethi, kufuneka libenezicwangciso nemigaqo-nkqubo eya kuthi inike isikhokelo kolu hlumo notshintshintsho ukuze lwenzeke ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo.
Uxinaniso luthetha nje ukusebenzisa iindawo ezikwiidolophu ezishokoxekileyo ngendlela eyiyo; ngamanye amazwi, ukufumana indawo yokuba abantu bahlale yaye basebenze eKapa. Oku singakwenza eKapa ngokuthi sakhe izindlu ezincinci edolophini, kunye nangasemva kwiiyadi zabantu (ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba zi-'flethi ezingemva eyadini'), nezindlu ezidibeneyo, nezindlu ezinamanqwanqwa amabini, neeflethi ezakhiwe zabheka phezulu apho oko kunokwenzeka.
Ukuxananaza kwedolophu kunobungozi kwizicwangciso zexesha elide zozinzo lweKapa. Njengokuba isixeko sinabela ngaphandle, sitshabalalisa umhlaba wokulima kwakunye nezityalo nezilwanyana eziluncedo, kunye nendalo ebukekayo.
Isixeko esixananazayo sikwathetha ukuhamba imigama emide ukuya empangelweni kwakunye nakwiindawo zokufunda, ezolonwabo kunye nezinye iinkonzo. Izithuthi zikawonke-wonke azifikeleli kuwo wonke ubani nanjengoko kwezinye iindawo abantu bengebaninzanga kakhulu ukwenzela abanini-zithuthi ushishino olwaneleyo; kambe ke, kuba iindawo ezithe saa zinyanzelisa ukuba kusetyenziswe iimoto, kusoloko kuzele izithuthi ezininzi ezindleleni yaye nomgangatho womoya esiwuphefumlayo uyehla.
Ngaphezu koko, iindawo ezingenazindlu zininzi zibiza imali eninzi yaye azibi nampumelelo inkulu ekuhambiseni iinkonzo nezibonelelo kuluntu; amathuba akhoyo ayamoshwa anikwe abantu abathile yaye nezibonelelo zifikelele kubantu abambalwa.
Xa indawo ixinene, kubakho iintlobo ezahlukileyo zezindlu ezilungele ubomi beentlobo ezahlukileyo obufunwa luluntu.
Ingxinano yenza ukuba iindawo zikhuseleke, nanjengoko kukho 'amehlo nendlebe' ezininzi ezitalatweni; abaphuli-mthetho bathanda iindawo ezithuleyo nezingahambi bantu.
Ingaba oku kuthetha ukuba makubekho izakhiwo ezide yonke indawo Iilokishi ezixineneyo nezimdaka Izakhiwo ezide ezingaqhelekanga phakathi kwezindlu?
Injongo yeSicwangciso soXinaniso lwesiXeko saseKapa kukubonelela abantu abamkela imivuzo eyahlukileyo nabaphila ubomi obahlukileyo. Asinguye wonke ubani onokukwazi ukuhlawula ipoma lendlu elikumhlaba omkhulu - yaye asinguye wonke ubani ofuna ukuhlala kwindlu enjalo!
Kweminye imimandla, izakhiwo zinemigangatho emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 ziya kuhambelana nabantu abahlala kuloo mmandla; kweminye imimandla iiflethi ezinde sele zikhona ngoko ke esinye isakhiwo esikwafana neso asizi kugxekeka. Kwizindlu ezindlu ezisezidolophini, sele zikho izindlu zesibini 'ezifihlakeleyo' yaye akubikho nto ziyitshintshayo kubume baloo ndawo.
Kweminye imimandla, kuya kulunga izakhiwo ezinemigangatho emide; ukanti kwezinye, kuya kulunga izakhiwo ezixonyezelelweyo (ezincinci) ezininzi yaye oko kuya kwenzelwa ukugcina inkangeleko yommandla lowo ingatshintshanga.
Xa sishwankathela, isicwangciso esi sinenjongo yokunyusa ingxinano kwisixeko sonke nokuchonga iindawo ezilulungeleleyo uxinaniso.
Kufuneka sikhusele yaye silondoloze izibonelelo zethu zendalo, singazilungiseleleli zona kuphela kodwa silungiselele nabantwana abaseza kuzalwa, ngenxa yokuba imimandla yendalo ibonelela abantu ngeenzuzo ezininzi, ezibandakanya umgangatho ophuculiweyo wobomi nempilo.
Imimandla yendalo ephethwe kakuhle ibonelela ngamathuba olonwabo nawemfundo kwakunye nesivuno ukanti nangokhenketho olujolise kwindalo yaye yaziwa ngokunyusa ixabiso leepropati emelene nazo. EKapa, ukhenketho lelinye lamashishini abalulekileyo ekuphakamiseni amathuba ezengqesho.
Umbindi wedolophu yaseKapa, i-Bellville ne-Claremont/Wynberg ngamaziko angundoqo edolophu yaye afanele izakhiwo ezinemigangatho emi-4 ukuya kweli-15. Le mimandla idla ngokuba kufuphi neendlela zezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kwakunye nezibonelelo zolonwabo namabala oluntu avulekileyo.
Izakhiwo ezinemigangatho emithathu ukuya kwesixhenxe zizo eziya kulungela la maziko akule mimandla.
Le mimandla ifanele izakhiwo ezininzi ezixineneyo ukuba nje ezo zakhiwo azilichaphazeli kakubi ixabiso lezakhiwo ezilapho, ilifa lemveli okanye indalo engqonge loo ndawo yaye zilandela izikhokelo zolwakhiwo lwemimandla ekufuphi namalwandle.
Isigqibo: Ewe makwakhiwe ngoba...
Uxinaniso kulo mmandla luza kucutha isidingo sokuhamba imigama emide ze lucuthe neemoto ezininzi ezihamba ezindleleni.
<fn>DynamicAction.txt</fn>
Ngomhla wama-22 kuTshazimpuzi, izigidi zabantu baseMzantsi Afrika baphuma bayokuvota. Basebenzisa ilungelo labo lenkululeko bekhuthazwa ngumnqweno wokuguqula ubomi babo bube ngcono.
Ngobuninzi babo, bangqina ukuba xa sisebenza kunye singenza ngcono ukulwa indlala nokwakha ubomi obungcono kumntu wonke.
Bakhuthazwe ngumbono wesizwe esiquka umntu wonke, uMzantsi Afrika ongowomntu wonke, isizwe esimanyeneyo noxa singafani nje, abantu abasebenza kunye besebenzela ubuhle obukhulu bako konke.
Siziva siwongekile sisigunyaziso sabavoti esigqibeleleyo esisinikwe ngabantu belizwe lethu, abakhethe urhulumente wabo ngeyona ndlela iqinisekisayo.
Isizwe sethu kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo sidlule kwelona xesha linemiceli-mngeni enzima. Kungumbulelo ukuba sibe nenkqubo yentando yesininzi esekelezelwe kumgaqo-siseko esebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, namaziko aluqilima, ukuba masibe sizoyisile ezo nzima ngokungena magingxigingxi nangesidima.
Umsitho wanaMhlanje ngumbiyozo woko kwenza ukuba le nkululeko isebenze. Ikwangumbiyozo wenkcubeko yethu yokuqhubekeka noxanduva oludibeneyo.
Oku kungqinwa kukubakho apha phakathi kwethu kwesisele sethu senyathi uMadiba, owathi wabeka isiseko seempumelelo zelizwe, kunye nobokuba owayesakuba nguMongameli uThabo Mbeki, wathi wakha phezu kweso siseko.
Ukuqhubela phambili kucacile phantsi kwemeko yokuba owayesakuba nguMongameli uKgalema Motlanthe nguSekela Mongameli weRiphabliki ngoku, emva kwenguqu ekungakhange kubonakale nomthungo wayo, into ke leyo esenze ilizwe elilodwa ngeendlela ezininzi.
Njengoko niyiqonda into yokuba, ukulwa nendlala kulilitye lembombo kwingqwalasela karhulumente wethu.
Asisayi kuze siphumle, kwaye singasayi kugevezela, kwiphulo lethu lokuyitshabalalisa indlala.
Ukufezekisa ezi njongo, urhulumente wethu uchonge zali-10 iindawo ezibalulekileyo emakuqalwe ngazo, eziyinxalenye yeNkqubo-sikhokelo yesiCwangciso-qhinga sesiGaba sokuQala sowama-2009 ukuya kuma-2014.
Le nkqubo iveliswa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zoqoqosho.
Kulo nyaka udlulileyo sibone uqoqosho lwehlabathi lungena kwixesha lentlekele engenakuzekeliswa tu kwiminyaka yamashumi eli xesha.
Nangona uMzantsi Afrika ungekachatshazelwa ngendlela amanye amazwe amaninzi achatshazelwe ngayo, imiphumela yayo iyabonakala kuqoqosho lwethu. Singene kwimeko yokudodobala kwezinga loqoqosho.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ngoku kunakuqala ukuba sisebenze kunye kwinkqubo enye nefanayo ukuhoya le ntlekele.
Sithathe njengenyathelo lethu lokuqala inkqubo-sikhokelo yethu eyimpendulo yoMzantsi Afrika kwintlekele yoqoqosho lwehlabathi, ngokugqitywe ngurhulumente, abasebenzi nabezoshishino kweyoMdumba kulo nyaka. Kufuneka sisebenze ngoku ukunciphisa impembelelo yokukwehla kwabo bantu bangabona bahlelekileyo.
Sesiqalile ukusebenzela ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwabantu yimisebenzi. Kukho isivumelwano esingena mbophelelo phakathi kukarhulumente nabehlulelani bakhe kwezentlalo ngokuveliswa koqeqesho oluhlanganyenelweyo.
Abasebenzi ababeyakujongana nokudendwa ngenxa yokudodobala koqoqosho bayakugcinwa emisebenzini yabo ixesha elide baze baxhotyiswe ngezakhono kwakho. Iingxoxo malunga neenkcukhacha zokuba oko kuyakwenziwa njani zisaqhubekeka phakathi kwabehlulelani kwezentlalo kunye namaziko ayakuchatshazelwa ngamaphulo anjalo, kuquka nooGunyaziwe bamaCandelo eMfundo noQeqesho.
Ukuza kutsho namhlanje, iikomishina zakwa-CCMA zisindise imisebenzi engaphezu kwamawaka amane ngeenkqubo zasemthethweni zokwenza lula, nokuqhubekeka ngokunikezela iingcebiso nenkxaso kubasebenzi abadendiweyo.
IMbumba yoPhuhliso lwamaShishini iphuhlise inkqubo yokuxhasa iinkampani ezisengxakini yezimali ngemali. Kwaye sizakuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente izinto ezininzi neenkonzo uzithenga apha ekhaya, singakhange siludelele ukhuphiswano lwethu nehlabathi okanye singakhange sinyuse iindleko ngaphaya kwezinga elamkelekileyo.
Xa sisakhela phezu kweempumelelo zemigaqo-nkqubo yethu yokungenelela kwezoshishino, kuza kuphuhliswa isiCwangciso Msebenzi soMgaqo-nkqubo wezoShishino esiphezulu.
Amacandelo akhokelayo asele etyunjiwe ngaweemoto, amachiza, awokuvelisa isinyithi, ukhenketho, impahla nokwaluka kwakunye nawamahlathi. Ukongeza apho, ingqwalasela izakubhekiswa ekuzisweni kweenkonzo eluntwini, iimveliso ezithambileyo nomsebenzi wokwakha phakathi kwamanye, ngendlela yokuzama ukudala amathuba emisebenzi efanelekileyo.
Njengenxalenye yesiGaba se-2 seNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu eNatyisiweyo, iNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu iza kukhawuleziswa. Inikezela ngelona zinga lincinci lomsebenzi warhoqo kwabo bawusweleyo, lo gama iphucula umgangatho wobomi ekuhlaleni.
Imiba ebalulekileyo emakuqalwe ngayo esele siyichongile, kunye nezicwangciso esasizithe thaca phambi kwabavoti, ziyakuhlala zingundoqo kwiinkqubo zalo rhulumente. Ngomoya omhle woluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika, masibambane ngezandla sifune isisombululo kunye sisonke. Ixesha lifikile lokokuba sisebenze nzima ngakumbi.
Urhulumente wethu uza kujonga phambili, hayi ngasemva.
Amanyathelo acaciswe kwiNkqubo-sikhokelo yesiCwangciso-qhinga sesiGaba sokuQala sethu kufanele athathelwe ingqalelo iinzima ezibangelwe yintlekele yokudodobala koqoqosho. Oku kwehla akufanelekanga ukuba kubangele ukuba sizitshintshe ezi zicwangciso zethu. Endaweni yoko kufanele ukuba kusikhuthazele ekuziphumezeni ngesantya nangokuzimisela.
Siyazibophelela ekubeni xa sisebenza kunye siza kukukhawulezisa ukukhula koqoqosho size siguqule uqoqosho ukuze ludale imisebenzi efanelekileyo nempiliso ezinzileyo.
Siza kuvelisa kakhulu inkqubo yokwakha iziseko zoncedo kwezoqoqosho nakwezentlalo. Siza kuphuhlisa siphumeze isicwangciso-qhinga sophuhliso lwamaphandle esibanzi esidibene novuselelo lwemihlaba nolimo kunye nokhuseleko lokutya.
Siza komeleza isiseko sezakhono sandise nenani labasebenzi. Siza kuwuphucula umfanekiso wezempilo kubo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika.
Xa sisebenza sonke kunye nabo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika, siza kuqinisela ukulwa ulwaphulo mthetho norhwaphilizo. Siza kwakha uluntu oluhlalisana ngokumanyeneyo, olukhathalayo noluzinzileyo.
Xa sisebenzisana nelizwekazi lase-Afrika kwakunye nehlabathi jikelele, siya kuba silandela ukuqhubela phambili kwe-Afrika nokomeleza intsebenziswano namazwe ngamazwe.
Siza kuqinisekisa ulawulo nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo ngokuzinzileyo.
Kwaye, xa sisebenza nabantu size sixhaswe nangabasebenzi bethu bakarhulumente, siya kwakha isizwe esiphuhlayo, siphucule iinkonzo zikarhulumente size someleze namaziko wethu entando yesininzi.
Kuluvuyo nenyhweba kum ukuba ndikhankanye iindawo ezingundoqo zomkhomba ndlela wethu.
Ukudalwa kwemisebenzi efanelekileyo kuya kuba sembindini wongaqo-nkqubo wethu wezoqoqosho kwaye kuya kuba nefuthe ekutsaleni abatyali-zimali nakumaphulo okudala amathuba omsebenzi.
Ngokuhambelana nezi zithembiso zethu, siza kuqhubela phambili ukukhulisa uqoqosho oluquka wonke umntu ngokuthe chatha.
Kulo meko, siza kusebenzisa iinkqubo zikarhulumente ezifana nokwenzelela, ukubonelela ngempepha-mvume nangenkxaso yemali ukunceda amashishini amancinci nalawo asakhulayo kwakunye nokukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokuXhotyiswa kwabaNtsundu ngokuBanzi kwezoQoqosho kunye nenkqubo yokubonelela ababevinjwe amathuba.
Oko kuphumeza kuya kwenziwa ngokwamkela imfuneko yokulungisa ukungalingani kwangaphambili.
Lo nguqu iyakwenziwa ngokuxhasa abantu ababhinqileyo, ulutsha nabantu abakhobazekileyo.
Siya kuyinciphisa imiqobo yemithetho yezolawulo kumashishini amancinci. Imeko yokucinezelwa yimithetho iphakanyiswe izihlandlo ngezihlandlo leli candela.
Ngenye indlela yokulamla ukudala imeko elula kutyalo mali, urhulumente uza kusebenzela ukuba kubekho inkqubo yobhaliso mashishini enye nedibeneyo.
Oku kuyakuphucula indlela ekuphathwa ngayo abathengi inciphise neendleko zokwenza ushishino eMzantsi Afrika.
Esinye seziqalelo zethu ezibalulekileyo kwiphulo lethu lokudala amathuba emisebenzi yiNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu eNatyisiweyo (i-EPWP). Inani lamathuba emisebenzi ebesijongise kulo ekuqaleni lesigidi esinye semisebenzi silifezile.
Isigaba sesibini sale nkqubo sijolise ekudaleni amathuba emisebenzi amalunga nezigidi ezine ngowama-2014.
Ukususela ngoku ukuya kweyoMnga wama-2009, sizimisele ukudala amathuba emisebenzi amalunga nama-500 000.
Lo gama sidala amathuba emisebenzi nawoshishino, urhulumente uyayiqonda into yokuba abanye abemi baseza kuqhubekeka ukulindela inkxaso-mali karhulumente. Inkxaso-mali karhulumente iya kusoloko iyeyona ndlela ivakalayo yokulwa indlala. Ukusukela kumhla wama-31 kweyoKwindla wama-2009, abantu abafumana inkxaso-mali karhulumente bebengaphezu kwezigidid ezili-13, abangaphezu kwezigidi ezisi-8 kubo ngabantwana.
Siyiqonda kakuhle into yokuba kukho imfuneko yokuba inkxaso-mali karhulumente siyidibanise namathuba omsebenzi okanye awoshishino khona ukuze sikhuthaze ukuzenzela phakathi kwabo bakwaziyo ukuzisebenzela ngokwasemzimbeni.
Ingakumbi nangakumbi ngeli xesha, abamelwane mabancedane.
Eli lixesha lomanyano. Masincedane njengabamelwane.
Masivumelane ukuba akukho mntwana uya kulala elambile ngenxa yokuba abazali bakhe bengaphangeli. Ukuba ngaba singamanyana sisebenze kunye, singenza ngcono.
Zindwendwe ezibalulekileyo, njengenxalenye yesicwangciso-qhinga sesibini seendawo ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka kuqalwe ngazo siza kuqhubekeka ngenkqubo yethu yokwakha iziseko zoncedo kwezoqoqosho nakwezentlalo.
ICandelo loPhuhliso lweziSeko-zoncedo likarhulumente elisanda ukuqulunqwa liya kuqinisekisa ukuba inkcitho ecetyiweyo yeziseko zoncedo yeebhiliyoni ezingama-R787 ebinikezelwe kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwalo nyaka icetyelwe ngokufanelekileyo yaza yasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo.
Le mali ikwaquka nolwabi-mali lwenkqubo yokwakhiwa kwezikolo, izithuthi zikawonke wonke eziquka nenkqubo yeebhasi eziquqa zibuyelela, ezezindlu, amanzi nogutyulo.
Enye yeeprojekthi ezinkulu zotyalo-mali kwiziseko zoncedo ikwiNdebe yeHlabathi yeBhola-ekhatywayo ye-FIFA yama-2010. Thina, njengorhulumente nesizwe ngokubanzi, sabhambathisa ukuba iNdebe yeHlabathi iya kusishiyela ilifa esiyakuzingca ngalo abayakuthi abaNtwana bethu nabahlali belizwe lethu baxhamle kulo kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo.
Sisendleleni echanekileyo yokuphumeza zonke izibophelelo zethu kwaye sizimisele ukunika ihlabathi eyona Ndebe yeHlabathi lingazange layibona.
Sime ngomumo ukumisa zonke izinto ngendlela ukwenza umnyhadala weNdebe yoManyano, eqala ngomhla we-14 kweyeSilimela, impumelelo enkulu.
KuTshazimpuzi kulo nyaka, ndanikezela isiqinisekiso kwiinkokheli zoshishino lweeteksi sokumiswa kothethathethwano olumalunga nokusebenza kwenkqubo eDibeneyo yeeBhasi eziQuqa ziBuyelela kude kube semva konyulo.
Le ntlanganiso iya kuba sisiqalo sothotho lweengxoxo kunye nabo bonke abo bachatshazelwa yinkqubo ye-BRT. Sinethemba elikhulu lokuba imiba engekasonjululwa iya kuxoxwa ngendlela eya kwanelisa bonke abo bachaphazelekayo.
Oku kuya kuquka nomba obalulekileyo wokuba baya kuxhamla njani bonke kweli phulo abo bachaphazelekayo.
Olunye uphuhliso oluya kuphucula iNdebe yeHlabathi kukunikezelwa kweziseko zoncedo ezinikezela ngosasazo lwedijithali kunye nezixhobo zokusasaza ezisasaza intshukumo zamaza.
Kolu phuhliso lunomdla kangaka kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba iindawo ezisemaphandleni asizishiyi ngasemva.
Njengenxalenye yophuhliso lweziseko zoncedo lwentlalo siza kubonelela ngezindlu ezimi kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo ezifikelekayo neendawo zokuhlalisa uluntu ezifanelekileyo.
Siza kuqhubeka phantsi kokuqonda ukuba iindawo zokuhlalisa uluntu azikho nje malunga nokwakhiwa kwezindlu.
Zimalunga nokuguqulwa kwezixeko zethu needolophu nokwakha uluntu oluhlalisana ngokumanyeneyo, ngokuzinzileyo nolukhathalayo oluhlala kufutshane neendawo zempangelo neendawo ezenza intlalo ibe lula namnandi, kuquka neendawo zemidlalo nezolonwabo.
Ngalo moya, siza kusebenza nePalamente ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuqulunqwa koMthetho oyiLwayo woLawulo lokuSetyenziswa koMhlaba.
Xa sisebenza kunye nabantu bakuthi emaphandleni, siza kuqinisekisa ngesicwangciso-qhinga sophuhliso lwamaphandle esibanzi esidibene novuselelo lomhlaba nolimo kunye nokhuseleko lokutya, njengomba wesithathu kwimiba yethu ebalulekileyo ekufanele kuqalwe ngayo.
Ndingathanda ukusebenzisa eli thuba ukudlulisa uvelwano lwethu olunzulu kusapho lukaSekela Mphathiswa wezoLimo, uDirk Du Toit, osishiye kule veki. Indima yakhe siya kuhlala siyikhumbula.
Abantu basemakhaya nabo banelungelo lokuba nombane namanzi, izindlu zangasese ezigungxulwayo, iindlela, iindawo zolonwabo nezemidlalo kunye neendawo zokuthenga eziphucukileyo njengasezidolophini.
Nabo banelungelo lokuncedwa kwezolimo ukuze bazityalele imifuno kunye nokunye, bafuye nokufuya ukuze bakwazi ukuziphilisa.
Sizimisele ukuluqala eli phulo lokwakha iziseko zoncedo ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Xa sibambisene nabahlali, iinkosi, ooceba nezibonda sizokwazi ukuwukhawulezisa lo msebenzi.
Sicela abantu basemaphandleni ukuba balungiselele ukusixelela ukuba zeziphi izinto ezingxamisekileyo abazisweleyo. Xa sisebenza ngokuphathisana singenza ngcono.
Ekubeni sifundile kumaphulo ophuhliso lwasemaphandleni angaphambili, siye sakhetha uMasipala oMkhulu waseGiyani eLimpopo njengowokuqala kule projekthi yokulinga kwiphulo eli. Ezi projekthi ziya kuba nemfundiso kwilizwe lonke.
Ukongeza apho, siza kusebenza sigxininise kuvuselelo lweedolophu zasemaphandleni ekujoliswe kuzo, ngenkxaso-mali efana nenkqubo yeNkxaso-mali yoPhuhliso lwaseBumelwaneni. Ngale ndlela, iindawo ezingqonge iidolophu ziyakuxhamla ngokukhula kwezoqoqosho lwazo.
Ngawo onke la mangenelela, sikulungele ukuyiguqula imbonakalo yeendawo zasemaphandleni kwilizwe lethu.
Imfundo iya kuba ngundoqo kwimiba ephambili ebalulekileyo kule minyaka mihlanu ilandelayo. Sifuna ootitshala bethu, abafundi nabazali basebenzisane norhulumente ekuguquleni izikolo zethu zibe ngamaziko empumelelo yokugqwesa.
Inkqubo yokuPhuhlisa abaNtwana abasaKhulayo iza kunyuswa, ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ilungelo jikelele lokungena kwisiGaba R nokuphinda phinda inani labantwana abaminyaka isuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-4 seminyaka ubudala ngowama-2014.
Siya kuphinda phinda oko kwethu kungaxoxisiyo. Ootitshala mababe sesikolweni, emagumbini okufundela, ngexesha, bafundise, bangasileli emsebenzini wabo kwaye kungabikho kuphathwa kakubi kwabantwana! Abantwana kufanele babe semagumbini wabo okufundela, ngexesha, bafunde, bahloniphe iititshala zabo baze nabo bahloniphane, benze nomsebenzi wabo wesikolo ekufanele bawenze ekhaya.
Ukuphucula ulawulo ezikolweni, uqeqesho olusesikweni luya kuba ngumqathango ophambili phambi kokuba utitshala onyuselwe abe yinqununu okanye intloko yecandelo.
Ndiza kudibana neenqununu zezikolo ukwabelana nazo ngombono wethu wokuvuselela inkqubo yethu yezemfundo.
Siza kuwandisa amalinge wethu okukhuthaza bonke abantwana ukuba bayigqibe imfundo yabo yasesekondari.
Eyona njongo kukwandisa izinga lobhaliso kwizikolo zesekondari liye kuma kuma-95 ekhulwini ngowama-2014. Sikwakhangela neendlela zokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ngeenjongo zokubuyisela abo bantwana bathi bashiya isikolo phakathi kwakhona kwinkqubo yemfundo, size sibanike nenkxaso.
Malungu aHloniphekileyo, sixhalabe kakhulu ngeengxelo zootishala abaxhaphaza ngokwesondo baze baphathe gadalala abantwana, ingakumbi abangamantombazana.
Siza kuqinisekisa ukuba imiGaqo engokuXhaphaza ngokwezeSondo nobuNdlobongela eZikolweni zikaRhulumente isasazwa ngokubanzi, kwaye abafundi nootitshala bayayazi kwaye bayayithobela.
Naziphi na iititshala ezisebenzisa igunya namndla azo kakubi ngokuthi zingene kunxulumelwano lokwabelana ngesondo nabantwana, siza kuzithathela amanyathelo aqatha kakhulu, ngendlela engqwabalala.
Kufuneka siqinisekise ukuthi uqeqesho namaphulo okuphuhlisa izakhono kwilizwe lethu ayakhawulelana neemfuno zoqoqosho.
Icandelo lokwaNdisa iMfundo noQeqesho neekholeji ezingama-50 kunye neekhampasi ezili-160 elizweni jikelele ziya kuba ziziseko zoqeqesho lokuphuhlisa izakhono.
Siya kuphucula ukufikelela kwimfundo ephakamileyo kubantwana abaphuma kumakhaya ahluphekileyo kwaye siqinisekise inkqubo yenkxaso-mali ezinzileyo eziyunivesiti.
Sikhathazeke kakhulu kukwehla komgangatho wezempilo, okuphinde kwenziwa nzima ngakumbi kukukhula okuthe chu komthwalo wezifo kule minyaka ilishumi elinesiqingatha idlulileyo.
Sizimisele iinjongo eziphezulu zokuqhubekeka ukwehlisa ukungalingani kwindlela yokubonelelwa ngoncedo lwezempilo, sandise inani labasebenzi, sihlaziye izibhedlele nekliniki siqinise ukulwa nembandezelo eyintsholongwane kagawulayo kunye nogawulayo, isifo sephepha nezinye izifo.
Kufuneka sonke sisebenzele ukuphucula ukuphunyezwa kwesiCwangciso esiBanzi soNyango, uLawulo nokuNyamekela iNtsolongwane kaGawulayo kunye noGawulayo ukuze kwehle inani labantu abosuleleka yi-HIV ngama-50% ngonyaka wama-2011. Sikwafuna ukufikelela kuma-80% abantu abafuna amachiza athomalalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kagawulayo (i-ARV) ngonyaka wama-2009.
Siza kusungula isikimu se-Inshorensi yeSizwe yezeMpilo ngendlela engamanqanaba ongezelekayo. Ukuze siqalise nge-Inshorensi yeSizwe yezeMpilo, ukuvuselelwa ngokutsha kwezibhedlele okungxamisekileyo kuya kwenziwa ngentsebenziswano yoBudlelwano bukaRhulumente noShishino laBucala.
Sikwanika ingqalelo kwimiba ephathelene nokuhlawula abasebenzi abazingcali kwezempilo ukususa intandabuzo kwiinkonzo zethu zezempilo.
Ngokusebenzisana sonke masenze ngcono ukunyusa umgangatho wezempilo ngokuhambelana neeNjongo zoPhuhliso zeMileniyamu yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ukwehlisa intlupheko ngesiqingatha ngonyaka wama-2014.
Xa sisonke masenze ngcono ukulwa ulwaphulo mthetho. Injongo yethu kukuseka inkqubo yezobulungisa noliwo lwaphulo mthetho eguqukileyo, edibeneyo, yala maxesha, exhotyiswe ngokufanelekileyo nelawulwa kakuhle.
Kukwabaluleke ngokugqithisileyo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkundla nendlela abasebenza ngayo abetshutshisi nokuqaqambisa inkonzo zokucupha, ezophando olunobuchwepheshe, neenkonzo zobuntlola. Lo msebenzi sele uqalisile ngokwenene kwaye uza kwenziwa ngamandla nokomelela.
Phakathi kwezinto ekujoliswe kuzo ngokungxamisekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukwandiswa kwenani labetshutshisi nabasebenzi beBhodi yoNcedo kwezoMthetho. Siza kwenza njalo nakubecuphi.
Siliguqule igama lobuPhathiswa obuchaphazelekayo elisuka kuKhuselo noKhuseleko laba lelezobuPolisa ukugxininisa ukuba sifuna amandla okusebenza ngokwenene kumsebenzi wobupolisa. Oku kuya kunciphisa ulwaphulo-mthetho olunobuzaza nolunobundlobongela ngesi-7% ukuya kwi-10% ngonyaka.
Lo gama siluvuyela utyalo-mali olwenziwa lushishino lwabucala kushishino lwezokhuseleko, siya kuphucula indlela olu shishino olulawulwa ngayo.
Phakathi kwamanye amaphulo angundoqo, siza kuqala inkqubo yokumisela i-Arhente yokuLawula iMida, siqinise iinzame zethu zokulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwa ngekhompyutha nobusela benkcukacha zokuzazisa, nokuphucula iinkqubo zeentolongo zethu ukunciphisa ukwaphula umthetho ngokuphinda-phindiweyo.
Ndinqwenela ukugxininisa inkxaso yethu ekuguqulweni kweenkundla okuqhubekayo.
Inguqulelo kufuneka ilungise imiba engundoqo efana nokuqaqambisa ukuzimela kweenkundla, ukumilisela neengcambu iinkqubo zangaphakathi zokuba nakho ukucacisa nokunika iimpendulo kwakunye nokuqinisekisa ukufikelelwa ngokuzeleyo kwezobulungisa ngabo bonke abantu.
Impumelelo yenkqubo yentando yesininzi iyonke ixhomekeke kubudlelwane bembeko komnye nomnye kunye nomoya wokuphathisana phakathi kwesiGqeba sokuLawula, uWiso-mthetho kunye neeNkundla. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwintando yethu yesininzi esekelezelwe phezu komgaqo-siseko.
Siphinda-phindile ukukuchaza ukuzinikela kwethu ekulweni norhwaphilizo kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente.
Siza kunika ingqwalasela eyodwa ekulweni norhwaphilizo nenkohliso ekunikezelweni kwemisebenzi nakwiinkqubo zeziniki maxabiso, izicelo zeempepha mvume zokuqhuba, inkxaso-mali karhulumente, izazisi nobusela bamadokhethi wamapolisa.
Mandigxininise ndithi sonke sinendima ekufuneka siyidlalile kule mfazwe yokulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Kufuneka sithathe inxaxheba ngokugqibeleleyo kwiQonga lobuPolisa nabaHlali. Kufuneka sikuyeke ukuthenga izinto ezibiweyo, oko kukhuthaza ulwaphulo-mthetho.
Masiluxele ulwaphulo-mthetho sincedise namapolisa ngolwazi olunokukhokelela ekubanjweni kwabenzi bobubi. Ngale ndlela, siza kuhambela phambili ekuyeni kwintlalo engenalwaphulo-mthetho.
Malungu aHloniphekileyo, ukusekela ngowe-1994 besisoloko sizama ukwakha intlalo emanyeneyo nenobudlelwane kwimvelaphi yethu engamaqhekeza. Siya menywa ke ukuba siqhubekeke ngezo njongo zokukhuthaza umanyano noxa sohlukile omnye komnye nje kwaye siphuhlise inkqubo yokwabelana ngezithethe, esekelezelwe phezu komoya wembumba yamanyama noluntu olukhathalayo.
Inkqubo yethu yokwabelana ngezithethe kufanele isikhuthazele ekubeni sibe ngabemi abagqibeleleyo kuvuselelo lwelizwe lethu. Kufuneka sakhe ubuzwe obunye nobufanayo nobuthandazwe.
Kufuneka siphuhlise ukuzimanya okufanayo nelizwe lethu, uMgaqo-siseko kunye neempawu zesizwe. Ngalo moya, siza kuwukhulisa uMhobe weSizwe neflegi yelizwe lethu nazo zonke ezinye iimpawu zesizwe.
Abantwana bethu, mabafundiswe besebancinci, ukuwugqalela uMgaqo-siseko kunye neempawu zesizwe, kwaye bayazi ukuba kubaluleke ngantoni ukuba ngummi waseMzantsi Afrika.
Siza kuqinisekisa ngendlela efanayo yokuqwalasela ukutshintshwa kobume beendawo namagama eendawo. Oku kufuneka kunikezele ithuba lokubandakanya bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika ekuqhubeleni phambili ubuzwe obuquka wonke umntu, ukuzinzisa ukuqonda imbali namagugu wethu.
Amaqela wethu angenza ngcono kuphela xa siwaxhasa.
Ndivumeleni ukuba ndisebenzise eli thuba ukuvuyisana namqela wethu esizwe ngendlela adlale ngayo kule veki iphelileyo, ade amathathu aphumelele ngokuncamisayo.
Kucacile ukuba kufanele sityale imali eninzi kuphuhliso lwemidlalo. Siza kuyikhawulezisa inkqubo yokuvuselelwa kwemidlalo yezikolo kwaye siza kuqinisekisa ukuba ziyinxalenye yezifundo. Ukongeza apho siza kuqinisekisa ukuba ubonelelo lwezixhobo zemidlalo kwindawo ezihlwempeke kakhulu kuqalwa ngazo.
Kule minyaka idlulileyo sazibophelela ekubeni negalelo ekwakheni i-Afrika engcono kunye nehlabathi elingcono.
Eyona njongo ingundoqo karhulumente kwesi sigaba sokuqala kukuqinisekisa ukuba ubudlelwane bethu namazwe angaphandle bunegalelo ekudaleni imeko elungele ukukhula koqoqosho nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Kule meko, siza kuqhubekeka ukubeka phambili iimfuno zelizwekazi le-Afrika ngokomeleza iManyano yamaZwe ase-Afrika neziseko zayo, nokunika ingqwalasela eyodwa ekuphunyezweni kobuDlelwane obuTsha boPhuhliso lwe-Afrika.
Okubaluleke ngokufanayo, nokusichaphazela ngqo, kukomeleza ukudityaniswa kwemimandla kugxininiswe ngokukodwa ekuphuculeni indibaniselwano yepolitiki neyoqoqosho lweNkqubo yokuPhuhliswa kwaMazwe e-Afrika eseMazantsi (i-SADC), okujolise kwinjongo ye-AU yorhulumente woMdibaniselwano. Siza kuseka i-Arhente yoPhuhliso lobuDlelwane yaseMzantsi Afrika ukukhulisa ubudlelwane obuphuhlileyo kunye namaye amazwe elizwekazi.
UMzantsi Afrika useza kuqhubeka ukuncedisa ekwakhiweni ngokutsha nokuphuhliswa kwelizwekazi i-Afrika ingakumbi kwiimeko ezisuka kwimfazwe. Siza kuqhubekeka ukukhuthaza isisombululo soxolo nesizinzileyo kwimfazwe yamaSirayeli namaPalestina esisekelezelwe kwisisombululo semibuso-emibini.
Ingxaki yabantu baseZimbabwe ibe nempembelelo engentle kummandla we-SADC, ingakumbi uMzantsi Afrika. Simema onke amazwe angabathandi-boxolo kwihlabathi ukuba axhase urhulumente oquka bonke abantu ukuphumeza ukuphucuka koqoqosho.
Ndivumeleni, zindwendwe ezibalulekileyo, ukuba ndothulele umnqwazi uMkhosi woKhuselo waseMzantsi Afrika ngendima enkulu oyidlalileyo ekwakheni uxolo kwilizwekazi.
Ngamaziko elizwekazi nawommandla, siza kusebenzela ekumiliseleni intando yesininzi nokuhlonitshwa kwamalungelo oluntu kwilizwekazi le-Afrika.
Siza kuba negalelo ekomelezeni ubudlelwane boMzantsi-kuMzantsi size silandele izivumelwano zokuxhamla ngokufanayo namazwe angundoqo oMzantsi.
Umzantsi Afrika, njengokuba ulilizwe elomileyo ufuna amanyathelo akhawulezileyo okuthothisa inguqu engentle yokusingqongileyo nokuqinisekiso ukubonelelwa ngamanzi kwabemi.
Phakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukahlukeneyo, siza kuphumeza isicwangciso-qhinga saManzi ukwenzela ukuKhula noPhuhliso, esiya komeleza ukulawulwa kwamanzi. Siza kuqhubekeka ukuphucula ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwamandla wethu kunye nokuthembela kwiindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa amandla.
Isizwe esisaphuhlayo sifuna ukuphuculwa kweenkonzo zikarhulumente nokomelezwa kwamaziko entando yesininzi.
Siseke ubuPhathiswa obubini kwi-ofisi kaMongameli ukomeleza ucwangciso ngobuchule kwakunye nokuhlolwa nokuvavanywa komsebenzi.
Ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwizibophelelo zethu, siza kubenza abaPhathiswa besiGqeba sombuso ukuba bakwazi ukuphendula bachaze ngomsebenzi abawenzayo ngenkqubo yokuhlolwa nokuvavanywa komsebenzi, ngokusebenzisa iinjongo ekujoliswe kuzo ezisekiweyo kunye nomlinganiselo womsebenzi owenziweyo.
Kwakhona siza kubandakanya amaShishini-aMnikazi wawo inguRhulumente namaZiko oPhuhliso lweziMali kwinkqubo karhulumente yokucwangcisa size siphucule ukuhlolwa nokuvavanywa komsebenzi wawo.
Olu lawulo luzakunyanzelisa ekubekweni kwabantu kuqala xa kuziswa iinkonzo. Siza kuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi abasebenza kwiikhawuntara ezingaphambili ukuba banikekezela ngenkonzo enembeko nenenkuthalo kuwo onke amasebe karhulumente.
Kweli xesha lovuselelo, siza kusebenzela kuburhulumente obuthe chatha ukuthungelana ngentsebenzo.
Ukukhokela ngokuba ngumzekeklo, umsebenzi wokusekwa kwendlela yokunxulumana koluntu ne-ofisi kamongameli sele kuqalile kwi-ofisi kaMongameli.
Abasebenzi baza kusebenza ngophando lomntu ngamnye ngokungathi kukuphela kwalo, baluhambise kuwo onke amabakala lude lufumane ukuhoywa okulufaneleyo.
I-Arhente yeSizwe yoPhuhliso loLutsha, esekwe ngokudibana koMsobomvu Youth Fund neKomishoni yoLutsha yeSizwe iza kundululwa ngomhla we-16 kweyeSilimela Ekurhuleni. La maziko ayadityaniswa ngeenjongo zokomeleza iinkonzo namathuba ophuhliso anikezelwa kulutsha. Le Arhente iza kuba likhonkco phakathi kwabantu abatsha abanemfundo enomsila kunye namathuba ezoqoqosho; yomeleze amalinge okunabisa iNkqubo yeSizwe yeeNkonzo ixhase noosomashishini abasebatsha.
Kule nyanga izayo uMadiba wethu othandekayo uzakugqiba iminyaka engama-91. Abantu kwihlabathi jikelele basaqhubekeka ukwenza intlokoma yokubakho kwakhe nokuba abahoyele iingxaki zabo. Ukuxabiseka kwakhe kunye nokuba ngumzekelo kwakhe ekuzinikezeleni ukukhonza umntu kungumzekelo oqaqambileyo kwilizwe elixakekileyo lanamhlanje.
USuku lukaMandela luza kubhiyozelwa ngomhla we-18 kweyeKhala kunyaka ngamnye. Luza kunika abantu abase Mzantsi Afrika nakwihlabathi liphela ithuba lokwenza into entle ukunceda abanye.
UMadiba ube semzabalazweni iminyaka engama-67, kwaye ngoSuku lukaMandela abantu kwihlabathi jikelele, emisebenzini, emakhayeni wabo nasezikolweni, baza kumenywa ukuba bachithe imizuzu engama-67 ubuncinane kwixesha labo besenza into enokuba luncedo kuluntu lwabo, ingakumbi abo bangathathi ntweni.
Masithi ke ngeentliziyo zethu zonke sixhase uSuku lukaMandela sikhuthaze nehlabathi ukuba lizibandakanye kunye nathi kweli phulo ligqwese kangaka.
Inkqubo yethu yale minyaka mihlanu izayo siyithe thaca phambi kwesizwe. Isibophelelo ngasinye esisenzileyo sihamba nesicwangciso seprojekthi esicacisiweyo, kunye neenjongo eziphambili nezisekelo eziluqilima.
Ezi nkcukhacha ziza kwaziswa eluntwini kungekudala. Eneneni njengabemi kufanele ngaxesha nye sizibuze ukuba yintoni esinokuzenzela yona ngokwethu ukuncedisa ukuphucula le nkqubo yesizwe.
Ukuba ngummi akukho nje malunga namalungelo, kukwahamba noxanduva, lokwenza igalelo ekwenzeni ilizwe lethu libe lelingcono.
Sikwalindele ukusebenzisana kakuhle namaqela aPhikisayo ePalamente, ngomoya wokukhokelisa ilizwe lethu kuqala.
Ukongeza apho, uMadiba wasifundisa kakuhle okokuba eli lizwe lelethu sonke, omnyama nomhlophe. Ukusebenzela uxolelwano nomanyano kuya kuhlala kubalulekile njengokuba sibheka phambili.
Ukusekela mhla kwaphunyezwa inkqubo yethu siza kuthatha indawo kuqoqosho oludodobalayo, kuza kufuneka sisebenze ngobulumko - kungabikho nkcitho, kungabikho kudluliselwa kwemali - isenti nganye kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokulumkileyo nangokuvakalayo. Kunyanzelekile ukuba sisebenzise uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lethu ngokomlinganiselo wethu.
Bemi baseMzantsi Afrika, xa sisebenzisana kunye sonke singenza ngcono ukuqonda umbono wethu omnye nofanayo wesizwe esingcono nesihluma ngakumbi!
Obu bubudlelwane esibucelayo.
<fn>EVENTS BY-LAW XHOSA NOVEMBER 08.txt</fn>
Ukulungiselela ulawulo lweziganeko kummandla wolawulo lweSixeko saseKapa; ukulungiselela ukunyanzeliswa kwalo Mthetho kaMasipala; nokulungiselela imiba eya kuthi ivele kuzo.
Umlawuli weSixeko uthetha umntu obekwe njengoMlawuli weSixeko ngokwecandelo loMthetho wooRhulumente beMimandla: UMthetho weZiseko zooMasipala, 1998 uMthetho Nomb.
lo Mthetho kaMasipala uquka iShedyuli ehamba nawo.
Lo Mthetho kamasipala usebenza nakuwuphi na umsitho obanjelwe kummandla wolawulo weSixeko, kuquka imisitho ebanjelwe kokubini kwimihlaba yabucala nakwiindawo zikawonkewonke, ukuba umsitho obanjelwe kumhlaba wabucala, ngokwawo nawuphi na umthetho osebenzayo, unefuthe kwizibonelelo zeSixeko noluntu oluwungqongileyo.
lo Mthetho kamasipala awusebenzi kwimisitho yabantu abangaphantsi kwama- 50 apho kungekho mculo okanye sandi siphezulu okanye kungasetyenziswa ziseko zathutyana.
ngokungaphandle kwecandelwana 2, iSixeko singathatha isigqibo sokuba ngaba ifuthe okanye umngcipheko waloo msitho ungafuna ukuba kufakwe isicelo na ngokwecandelo 3.
Xa kuthe kwabakho ukungquzulana phakathi kwalo Mthetho kaMasipala nawo nawuphi na omnye umthetho kamasipala okanye umgaqo-nkqubo weSixeko, loMthetho kaMasipala uya kusetyenziswa kulawulo lokubanjwa kweziganeko.
c kwixesha elibekiweyo; yaye d ibe ngumntu okanye asifakele umntu onesakhono nezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo, njengoko kuchazwe kwiSihlomelo 1, kwi-ofisi yeemvume zemisitho.
isicelo kufuneka siquke zonke iinkcukacha ezifunekayo njengoko ziboniswe kwifomu efanelekileyo nazo naziphi na ezinye iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe njengoko zinokufunwa siSixeko saseKapa.
xa zithe azafakwa iinkcukacha ezichazwe kwicandelwana 2 isicelo asiyi kuqwalaselwa ngokwalo Mthetho kamasipala noMgaqo-nkqubo weZiganeko.
Isicelo somsitho kufuneka sithobele imiqathango yalo Mthetho kamasipala, sibe neenkcukacha ezichazwe kwifomu yezicelo efanelekileyo njengoko kuchazwe kwiSihlomelo 2 yaye kufuneka siquke iinkcukacha ezinokuthi zifunwe siSixeko saseKapa.
Igosa leeMvume zeMisitho kufuneka, ngokoMgaqo-nkqubo weziganeko, kuxhomekeke ukuba luhlobo luni na lomsitho olo, liqinisekise ukuba kukho unxibelelwano nabanini-zabelo abachaphazelekayo.
Ikhansile kufuneka, njengenxalenye yohlahlo-mali lwayo ngokooMthetho wooRhulumente beMimandla: Umthetho woLawulo lweZimali zooMasipala, 2003 uMthetho Nomb. 56 wama- 2003, ibeke imirhumo ehlawulelwa imisitho.
Ikhansile ingafuna intlawulo yaphambi kwexesha kuMququzeleli womsitho phambi kokuba samkelwe isicelo somsitho lowo.
Igosa leeMvume zeMisitho kufuneka, ngokoMgaqo-nkqubo weziganeko lamkele okanye likhabe isicelo somsitho ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokwalo Mthetho kamasipala.
kwakube kuthathwe isigqibo ngokwecandelwana 1, kufuneka kuchazelwe umququzeleli womsitho ngaso ngokukhawuleza kangangoko.
xa sithe sakhatywa isicelo somsitho, kufuneka kunikwe izizathu ezibhaliweyo zoko kumenzi-sicelo.
d ulawulo lokhuseleko nomngcipheko womsitho ngokwamalungiselelo, ubume besiza neminye imingcipheko kumsitho; ne e mbuyekezo kutyalo-mali kuloo msitho.
uhlobo nenqanaba lenkxaso ekubonelelwa ngayo siSixeko kwimisitho; kunye noluhlu lweenkonzo ekuza kubonelelwa ngazo kwimisitho siSixeko.
Isixeko sienokungena kwizivumelwano nobuhlakani nabaququzeleli bemisitho njengoko kunokubakho imfuneko ekusingathweni nasekulawulweni komsitho ngokwalo Mthetho kamasipala.
Isixeko sisenokubonelela ngenkxaso ngamalungiselelo, izimali okanye kokubini kwimisitho ethile ehambelana nezicwangciso zeSixeko.
izivumelwano nobuhlakani obuchazwe kwicandelwana 1 no 2 kufuneka zibonelele ngamanqanaba eenkonzo ekufuneka kufikelelwe kuwo ngamaqela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyathotyelwa.
Noxa kukho imiqathango yalo Mthetho kamasipala malunga nezikreqo nemidliwo, isivumelwano ekungenwe kuso ngokweli candelo sisenokubeka imidliwo eya kuba luxanduva lomququzeleli womsitho xa kuthe kwabakho ukungathotyelwa kwaso.
Amaqela abandakanyeka kwimbambano ebangwe lungquzulwano kulo Mthetho kamasipala kufuneka azame ukusombulula loo mbambano phambi kokuba asebenzise ilungelo lokubhena elichazwe kwicandelwana.
umququzeleli womsitho angabhena kwisigqibo apho isicelo sakhe sokusingatha umsitho siye sakhatywa.
kungafakwa isibheno esibhaliweyo kuMlawuli weSixeko kwisithuba sexesha elichazwe kwiSihlomelo malunga nohlobo lomsitho lowo uchaphazelekayo.
Umlawuli weSixeko angagunyazisa naliphi na igosa leSixeko ukuba liqwalasele yaye lithathe isigqibo ngezibheno ezichazwe kwicandelwana 2.
Isibheno esifakwe ngokwesi candelo kufuneka siqwalaselwe kuthathwe isigqibo ngaso ngokwexesha elibekwe kwiSihlomelo malunga nohlobo lomsitho lowo uchaphazelekayo.
ukungathobeli nawuphi na umqathango walo Mthetho kamasipala lulwaphulo-mthetho.
umntu owaphula umthetho ngokwalo Mthetho kaMasipala uya kudliwa akufunyaniswa enetyala okanye abe seluvalelweni okanye kokubini umdliwo nokuvalelwa.
Lo Mthetho kamasipala ubizwa ngokuba nguMthetho kaMasipala: weSixeko saseKapa.
Qaphela ukuba kuwo nawuphi na umsitho onabantu abangaphantsi kwama- 50, imiqathango yeCandelo 2 nelesi- iyasebenza.
Qaphela ukuba umsitho omncinci obandakanya abathengisi bokutya, kuya kufuneka ubuncinane iintsuku ezili-15 ukuba abathengisi bokutya kufuneka befake izicelo zeelayisenisi okanye iziqinisekiso zoLwamkelo.
Kufuneka kugqitywe inkqubo echazwe kwiCandelo 8 phambi kokuba kufakwe nasiphi na isibheno ngumenzi-sicelo.
Inkqubo yesibheno ayisebenzi kwiiLayisenisi zotywala zona zilawulwa ziiNkonzo zaMapolisa oMzantsi Afrika (SAPS).
Qaphela: Isixeko sisenokufuna ulwazi oluthe xhaxhe ngokohlobo neenkcukacha zesiganeko a. Inkcazo yoMsitho kuquka uhlobo, umhla, indawo, indawo nabathathi -nxaxheba.
b. Inkqubo yoMsitho: iinkcukacha ezizeleyo namaxesha, kunye neenkcukacha zonxibelelwano zomntu ojongene nomba ngamnye womsitho.
d. Isicelo nokwamkelwa koTyeshelo-migaqo kuSetyenziso-Mhlaba, xa kukho imfuneko.
e. Isicwangciso solawulo lweZithuthi (TMP), esinokuquka ukuvalwa okucetywayo kweendlela, isicwangciso sendlela, indawo yokumisa, ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kothutho lukawonkewonke, iindlela zokuphuma ngokungxama. Ubume be-TMP buya kuba njengoko buchazwe siSixeko.
f. Isicwangciso soLawulo lweZihlwele.
g. Izicwangciso zeNtlekele namalungiselelo: kuquka ezonyango, ukhuselo, intlekele, iindawo, ukuphuma.
h. Isicwangciso soNxibelelwano soMsitho: kuquka indlela yokuthengiswa kwamatikiti, ulwamkelo isicwangciso seNtatho-nxaxheba yoLuntu: kuquka, kodwa kungaphelelanga kuqhagamshelwano nooCeba; Uluntu/ Imibutho yaBahlali neyoShishino.
j. Isicwangciso soLawulo loKusingqongileyo.
k. Isicwangciso esiHlangeneyo soLawulo loKungcola.
l. Abathengisi / Abokutya: uludwe lweenkcukacha nokusetyenziswa kwerhasi Iimfuno zeSixeko saseKapa zoMthetho kaMasipala waBathengisi baseziTalatweni noweMpilo yeSixeko nezinye iimfuno zeminye imithetho efanayo.
m. Iimfuno zezempilo kuquka: Iziqinisekiso zoLwamkeleko, iilayisenisi zokuthengisa, izindlu zangasese kunye/okanye izindlu zangasese eziqeshwayo.
n iifomu ezizalisiweyo zezicelo: zokuNgxola (kuquka intatho-nxheba yoluntu); nokumiswa kwamaqonga/Iintente. Ubungqina bokufakwa kweeLayisenisi zoTywala, Iilayisenisi zemililo; Izicelo zoPhapho ngokweenkcukacha zohlobo lomsitho.
o. Iimfuno zeeNkonzo zeSixeko saseKapa: kuquka Umbane, Amanzi, Isicwangciso soLawulo loKungcola (ngethuba lomsitho nasemva kwawo), uthutho, iindlela nemibhobho yamanzi.
p. Iifomu zokuthwala uxanduva lomonakalo nencwadi yobungqina boXanduva loMonakalo.
q. Imvume ebhaliweyo evela kuMnini ndawo/Umlawuli wendawo eya kumenzi- sicelo negunyazisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ukusingatha umsitho lowo.
<fn>Final-COCT Road Traffic By-Law Draft 29 Mar '10-xhosa.txt</fn>
Wenzelwa ukuwisa umthetho malunga nolawulo lwezothutho lukawonkewonke, ndawonye nolawulo lwezithuthi kuyo yonke imimandla ephantsi kolawulo lweSixeko saseKapa; nokuwisa umthetho malunga nazo zonke izinto ezibandakanyeka kwezothutho.
Umqhubi: nabani na oqhuba okanye ozama ukuqhuba isithuthi, oqhuba okanye ozama ukuqhuba ibhayisekile, otsala isithuthi, umthwalo, okanye isilwanyana esinesali, okanye okhokela umhlambi. Igama ,, Ukuqhuba.
Isithuthi esingeyiyo imoto: esi sisithuthi okanye isakhelo esisetyenziswa kwindlela yomhlaba sisenzelwa ukuthutha iimpahla okanye abantu.
b nabani na lowo uxelwayo apha kumhlathana a, ongadanga abe usibuyisele isithuthi kulowo unamagunya okuba nesithuthi eso ngokwesivumelwano esityikityiweyo phakathi kwesi sibini nesichaziweyo kumhlathana a; okanye c lowo unezithuthi ngeenjongo zokuzithengisa, futhi elubhalisile ushishino olo ngokwemiqathango yemimiselo ephantsi kwecandelo 4 lomthetho.
Ukurhwebesha: ukucela abakhweli ngokubakhwaza, ubabethele ihuta kungenjalo ubabethele umlozi okanye wenze nayiphi na into ebarhwebeshayo.
Isithuthi: isakhelo esenzelwe ukuhamba ngamavili okanye ngokurhubuluza, oko kuquka isakhelo esithi sibotshelelwe kwisithuthi esitsalwayo mhla ngengxaki, elo ilicebo lokusisusa kwindawo yexhwayela, ngokuxhasa ii-asi ezi zesithuthi esitsalwayo (le ndlela yokutsala ayisebenzi kwizithuthi ezenzelwe ukuhamba emzileni kuphela).
Ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana , unoteksi orhweba ngokuthutha abantu ebasa kwiindawo ngeendawo, obathatha kwindawo ethile aye kubabeka kwenye, umele ze amise isithuthi sakhe kwisikhululo seeteksi kuphela, kungenjalo amise nakuyiphi na ke indawo yokumisa engumda osikelwe iiteksi kuphela.
Singanxaxhanga kuyaphi kwimiqathango yecandelo 1, iSixeko sinegunya lokulungisa zonke izixhobo zethutyana ezifunekayo kwiindawo zokumisa ezalathwa ligosa eligunyazisiweyo njengezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwiindawo zokumisa iiteksi ngamaxesha kaXakeka, okanye xa kukho iziyunguma ezikhoyo.
Akusayi kubakho namnye umqhubi weteksi oya kuvunyelwa ukuba amise isithuthi sakhe kwindawo engengomda usikelwe iiteksi.
Akusayi kubakho namnye umqhubi weteksi oya kuvunyelwa ukuba alande undlela-mfutshane ngokuthi aphinya-phinyele kwiindlela zasekuhlaleni ecanda imida engamiselwanga ziteksi kuba efuna ukukhwelisa okanye ukothula abantu, eyenza loo nto ngaphandle kwemvume yegosa eligunyaziselwe ukujongana nemiba yeempepa ezigunyazisayo.
Akusayi kubakho namnye umntu onelungelo lokurenkisha/ lokuthutha abantu kwisikhululo seetekisi engenayo ithokheni ekhutshelwa abaqhubi abavumelekileyo kwezi ndawo ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana.
e Incwadi engqinayo evela kumbutho weeteksi ovumelekileyo.
Akusayi kubakho namnye umntu oya kufumana ithokheni yokurenkisha / yokuthutha abantu enamatyala amabi okungahlawuli amatikiti awafumana ngokwaphula imithetho yendlela.
Le thokheni yokurenkisha / yokuthutha abantu kuthethwa ngayo phaya kwicandelwana iphelelwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezilishumi elinambini 12.
Igosa eligunyazisiweyo liya kukhupha ithokheni ebonisayo ukuba isithuthi sakho sinelungelo lokurenkisha / lokuthutha abantu kuloo mmandla uthile ngokwemiqathango yomhlathana 2 nomhlathana 3 apha ngasentla.
g ngokubhekiselele eziteksini neendlela omele kukhangela kuzo amathuba okurhwebisa / okwenza imali ngesithuthi eso..
Isicelo sokufumana ithokheni yokuthutha abantu masifakwe kwigosa eligunyazisiweyo ukuze ibe lilo elibonayo ukuba siyavunywa okanye asivunywa na eso sicelo.
b Masifane twatse nesiya sizotywe kwicandelo elibandakanyekayo lalo mthetho kamasipala.
d isizathu sokuba ayeke ukuba ngumnini-sithuthi eso.
Konke oku kuchaziweyo apha makwenziwe kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe 7 zotshintsho olwenzekileyo.
Ngokwemiqathango yecandelo, umnini-sithuthi uza kuhlawulela ithokheni nganye ayizuzayo, ntlawulo leyo aza kuyenza phaya kwiSixeko. Ixabiso lale ntlawulo liza kumana liphononongwa liBhunga.
Akusayi kubakho nabani na oya kuvunyelwa ukuba azenzele owakhe umfanekiso wethokheni, okanye onakalise inkangeleko yayo, ayixhokoze, ayitshintshe, okanye enze nokuba ngumkrwelo apha kuyo.
Akusayi kubakho namnye ubani oya kurhwebis / oua kwenza imali ngesithuthi sakhe kwiindawo ezingezizo ezo zibonisiweyo kwithokheni yakhe nezivunywe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 3 5, ngaphandle kokuba ufumene amagunya okwenza oko kwigosa eligunyazisiweyo.
b ukuyigcina ibonakala incanyathiselwe apha kwisithuthi sakhe rhoqo isithuthi sakhe sisendleleni.
b igama lakho nedilesi yakho njengomqhubi ogunyaziselwe ukuqhuba eso sithuthi.
d ale ukukhupha ithokheni efunwayo; okanye e anike igama elingelilo okanye idilesi engeyiyo.
nabani na umqhubi onale thokheni othe wafunyaniswa ophule nokuba mnye umqathango walo mthetho kamasipala, nokuba ubesele ohlwayelwe kwa-eso senzo sinye yinkundla yomthetho, uza kohlwaywa siSixeko, ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 7, emva kokuba sele zivelelwe zonke iinkalo malunga netyala elo njengoko isitsho imiqathango yecandelo 2.
i uyala ukwenza into ekuthiwa makayenze ngokwemiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala; okanye ii akasigcini sikwimeko entle okanye sicocekile isithuthi sakhe, futhi silungele ukuba sendleleni; kwaye iii unamatyala angahlawulwayo awafumene ngokwaphula imithetho yendlela.
i sakhiwe ngohlobo apha olwenza ukuba kubonakale ukuba asikhuselekanga ukuba singathwala inani eligunyazisiweyo labakhweli; okanye ii siyakhatywa yimiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala okanye yoMthetho nje gabalala malunga nemeko emasibe yiyo isithuthi esilungele ukuhamba endleleni.
Akusayi kubakho nabani na oya kuvunyelwa ukuba asebenzise isithuthi sakhe njengeteksi kwisikhululo seeteksi, okanye avumele ubani ukuba asebenzise isithuthi sakhe egameni lakhe njengeteksi kwisikhululo seeteksi, ukuba ngaba ithokheni yakhe irhoxisiwe, iphelisiwe okanye iphelelwe.
ukuba ngaba ilayisenisi yokusebenza kuloo ndawo ithile irhoxisiwe okanye iphelisiwe ligosa eligunyazisiweyo, ngokunjalo ibe kanti nethokheni yokurenkisha /yokuthutha abantu ekhutshwe siSixeko nayo irhoxisiwe okanye iphelisiwe oko kuxhomekeke kwimeko ukuba ithini na yona.
Ukuba ke umnini-layisenisi uvela phambi kwegosa eligunyazisiwe ngelingxengxezayo, ilayisenisi yakhe yokusebenza iya kubuyiswa, ngokunjalo neSixeko siya kuyibuyisa ithokheni yokurenkisha / yokuthutha abantu kodwa phantsi kwemiqathango ethile.
idilesi apho umnini-thokheni anokufaka igama lommeli azikhethele yena njengoko usitsho umhlathana ii walo mthetho kamasipala; kunye iv nomhla, ixesha, nendawo yokuxoxwa kwetyala. Le mini yokuxoxwa kwetyala mayibe kwiintsuku ezingama-28 ukusuka kolu lwembalelwano enesilumkiso, ukuze lowo ukhutshelwe isilumkiso afumane ithuba elaneleyo lokuzifumanela ummeli wakhe kwityala abekwa lona.
b Malinike lowo unethokheni erhoxisiweyo / ephelisiweyo ithuba lokuzimela kwityala abekwa lona okanye ke lokuzifumanela ummeli ogama lakhe limelwe kufakwa kwiSixeko kwiintsuku eziphambi kokuxoxwa kwetyala.
Ukuba ke lowo ufumene isilumkiso esixeliweyo kwicandelwana 1 unga angafaka isibheno malunga netyala abekwa lona makafake isicelo sakhe kwiSixeko kwiintsuku ezili-14 emva kokuba efumene isilumkiso, okanye kwezo ntsuku ziya kugqitywa siSixeko. Angasifaka ngesandla esi sicelo, okanye ke asithumele ngeposi eqinisekisiweyo esebenzisa laa dilesi ibhalwe ngasentla kwalo mthetho kamasipala.
Xa sele lixoxiwe ityala emo yalo icacisiweyo kwicandelwana 1, iya kuba siSixeko esiya kugqiba ukuba masiyirhoxise okanye siyiphelise nya na ithokheni yomtyholwa, ze igosa eligunyazisiweyo lazise umtyholwa ngembalelwano apho liya kudandalazisa izizathu zesigqibo esibekiweyo malunga netyala elo. Le mbalelwano mayenziwe kwiintsuku ezili-14 emva kokuba lixoxwe lagqitywa ityala.
Umnini-thokheni makazise iSixeko xa etshintshe idilesi. Oku makakwenze ngembalelwano ethunyelwa ngeposi eqinisekisiweyo, okanye ngefekisi kungenjalo ifakwe ngesandla, kwiintsuku ezili-14 emva kotshintsho olo.
NgokweMiqathango yecandelo 3, ukuba ngaba iinkcukacha ezikwithokheni yakho ayizizo, mhlawumbi kuba utshintshe idilesi (okanye ke nangasiphi isizathu), yingenise kwiSixeko ngoko nangoko loo thokheni ukuze ilungiswe.
Ukuba ithokheni yakho ithe yonakala kangangokuba kube nzima ukubona iinkcukacha ezibhalwe apho kuyo, wena mnini-thokheni yingenise kwisixeko ngoko nangoko loo thokheni. Igosa eligunyazisiweyo liza kukukhuphela enye, kodwa ke yazi ukuba uza kuyihlawulela ke le yona ithokheni.
Akusayi kubakho nabani na oya kuvunyelwa ukuba amise isithuthi sakhe apho zimisa khona iibhasi.
umhambi ngeenyawo makawele indlela esebenzisa kuphela indawo eyenzelwe abahambi ngeenyawo, okanye ekudibaneni kweendlela, kungenjalo awele umgama oyi 50 yeemitha ukusuka kwindawo ewela abantu okanye ukusuka ekudibaneni kweendlela.
Ukuba ekudibaneni kweendlela kupeyintwe uphawu olubonisa iindawo yokuwela abahambi ngeenyawo, wena mhambi ngenyawo hamba ngqo apho lupeyintwe khona olo phawu.
Xa iirobhothi zidanyaza ekudibaneni kweendlela oko kuquka ukuvela kweempawu zabahambi ngeenyawo, wena mhambi ngenyawo sukuwela indlela nokuba ubona indawo eyenzelwe abahambi ngenyawo kusabonakala uphawu lomntu olubomvu kwiirobhothi ezikweli cala uya ngakulo.
Ukuba ke azikho iimpawu ezenzelwe abahamba ngenyawo ekudibaneni kweendlela kodwa kube kukho iirobhothi ezilawulayo kuloo ndawo, wena mhambi ngenyawo sukuqalisa ukuwela indlela nokuba ubona indawo eyenzelwe abahambi ngenyawo iirobhothi zisebomvu kweli cala uya ngakulo.
Ukuba ke iirobhothi zidanyaza kwindawo nje engekho ekudibaneni kweendlela, oko kuquka ukuvela kweempawu ezenzelwe abahamba ngeenyawo, wena mhambi qalisa ukuwela indlela kwindawo eyenzelwe abahambi ngenyawo kuphela xa iirobhothi ziluhlaza kweli cala uya ngakulo.
Akusayi kubakho namnye umhambi ngeenyawo oya kuvunyelwa ukuba azonzakalise okanye onzakalise abanye abasebenzisi-ndlela oko kuquka nezithuthi ngenxa yokungakhathali, ukungahoyi, nokungaqapheli.
Akusayi kuvunyelwa nabani na ukuba akhalise ihutala okanye nantoni na ebanga ingxolo endleleni, ngaphandle kokuba esi senzo siyimfuneka kwaye sithobela imiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala, okanye sithobela nawuphi na ke umthetho ovunyiweyo, kungenjalo senziwe ngeenjongo zokukhusela umntu othile / isithuthi esithile.
Umqhubi wesithuthi esisendleleni akasayi kuvunyelwa ukuba atshintshe iindledlana ezahlulwe ngeempawu zendlela ngaphandle kokuqondisisa kuqala ukuba eso senzo asisayi kuphazamisa / kwenzakalisa ezinye izithuthi na.
Umqhubi akasayi kuvunyelwa ukuba atshintshe / awele iindledlana engakhange akhuphele abanye abasebenzisi-ndlela isilumkiso esisiso, kunjalo nje ayenze loo nto kwangethuba ukuze lowo uza phambi kwakhe, emva kwakhe, okanye ecaleni kwakhe azibone ngokuthe gca ezona njongo zakhe.
Ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana 2, akusayi kubakho namnye umqhubi oya kuvunyelwa ukuba aqhube emagxeni endlela.
c ukuba kukho abantu okanye izithuthi ezibonakala ngokuthe gca kumgama oyi-150 yeemitha.
b ngaphandle kokuba iphepha-mvume lakhe/ ilayisense yakhe okanye naliphi na ke iphepha elimgunyazisayo nelixhasa uMthetho ligcinwe kwalapha kwisithuthi asiqhubayo.
Ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho, yonke into ekuthiwa sisithuthi kwesi Sixeko (sihamba okanye singahambi endleleni) masibe kanti sibhaliswe ngokusemthethweni (ngumniniso) kwiziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi eligunyazisiweyo, ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho.
b abe uyigcine kwalapha kwisithuthi sakhe ipemethe yakhe.
Eli candelwana alibhekisi kulowo unelayisensi asafunda ngayo ukuqhuba, yena umele kuqhuba isithuthi ekhatshwa ngulowo ubhaliswe njengomqhubi ogunyaziselwe ukuqhuba elo hlelo lesithuthi asiqhubayo.
Wonke unogada weteksi, rhoqo esemsebenzini futhi ezixelele ukuba ukulungele ukwenza umsebenzi, makanxibe ibhibhi ebonakala nangasemva, kungenjalo anxibe ibhatyi, kunjalonje aqinisekise ukuba ikhadi elimazisayo ukuba ungubani ulinxibe labonakala gca apha kwibhibhi okanye apha ebhatyini.
Akusayi kubakho namnye unogada weteksi / okanye nabani na ke oya kuvunyelwa ukuba arhwebeshe okanye abize abantu ngokubakhwaza/ ngobabethela ihutala okanye umlozi.
b futhi amane ukuyisa phambilana iteksi yakhe okuya netyhu le isiya phambili.
b makaqiniseke ukuba akangeneleli etyhwini; kwaye c xa iteksi yakhe ikumgca wokuqala apha etyhwini, makatake kuqala xa kubizwa iteksi, ngaphandle kokuba ke uwubonisa ucace gca umnqweno wakhe wokuba ukhetha ukuqhuba iteksi engekho kumgca wokuqala apha etyhwini.
Akusayi kubakho namnye umntu oya kuvunyelwa ukuba amise iteksi engekho kwimeko entle yokusebenza kwisikhululo seeteksi / erenkini njengoko noMthetho uyicacisa nje kakuhle le nto, okanye amise kungenjalo avumele ukuba kumiswe iteksi esikhululweni seeteksi / erenkini ixesha elide.
Akusayi kubakho nabani na oya kuvunyelwa ukuba ahlambe iteksi naphi na apha esikhululweni, ngaphandle kwakwibala elenzelwe kanye loo nto elinokuba kwalapha esikhululweni / erenkini.
a omnye umntu afumane okanye asebenzise iteksi; okanye b omnye umqhubi athuthe abantu.
a Bathuthwa okanye zithuthwa ngokunxamnye nemimiselo; okanye b Banezifo ezasulelayo ezibaliweyo kuMthetho, okanye izixhobo ezinobungozi / ebezisetyenziswa ngumntu onesifo esasulelayo.
b isithuthi sakhe besithwele umzimba womntu osweleke ngenxa yesifo esasulelayo; okanye c isithuthi sakhe besithwele nantoni na ekucaca ukuba ibisetyenziswa kwindawo enokungcola mhlawumbi ebinabantu abanezifo ezasulelayo.
Umnini-teksi, umqhubi okanye nabani na ke ophetheyo kuloo teksi akanalo ilungelo lokukhwelisa abantu kwisithuthi ebesinomntu onesifo esasulelayo de aqinisekise ukuba uzibulele nya iintsholongwane kwisithuthi eso.
Umnini-teksi, umqhubi okanye nabani na ke ophetheyo kuloo teksi makazise igosa eligunyazisiweyo ngeenjongo zakhe zokubulala iintsholongwane kwisithuthi sakhe ngokweminqweno edandalazisiweyo kumhlathana 1, kunjalonje enze konke aza kukucetyiswa leli gosa malunga nomsebenzi lowo.
Ngokwemiqathango yemithetho nje gabalala, akusayi kubakho nabani na oya kuvunyelwa ukuba akhwele iteksi enesifo esasulelayo.
Akusayi kubakho nabani na oya kuvunyelwa ukuba akhwele eteksini de abe wehlile lowo ufuna ukwehla.
Akusayi kubakho nabani na oya kuvunyelwa ukuba anyanzelise akhwele eteksini kodwa inani labantu abamele kukhwela kuloo teksi liphelele.
Akusayi kubakho nabani na oya kuvunyelwa ukuba akhwele okanye ahle iteksi ihamba.
kuzo zonke izikhululo zeeteksi iSixeko siza kumisa imibhalo ebonisa iindawo ngeendawo eziya kuzo iiteksi, futhi nemibhalo eya kubonisa indlela amabame ngayo abantu ezityhwini. Le mibhalo ingakhatshwa yimiqolo okanye yimigca ezotyiweyo eya kusebenza njengoothintela ababonisa imida abamele kuma kuyo abantu kwezi tyhu.
Wonke umntu ozimisele ukukhwela iteksi kuso nasiphi na isikhululo seeteksi makame etyhwini kuloo ndawo ayiboniswayo kusithiwa iteksi aza kuyikhwela iza kusuka kuyo.
Kwindawo engenaluphawu luzotyiweyo / lumisiweyo, abantu abalindele ukukhwela eteksini bangazenzela ityhu kodwa ingadluli kwisibini semigca enxuseneyo, okanye benze umgca omnye xa unogada weteksi okanye igosa eligunyazisiweyo leSixeko libayalela njalo.
Wonke umntu makangene eteksini kuphela xa sele engoyena uphambili kule tyhu akuyo.
Wonke umntu osetyhwini makathobele imiyalelo yalowo wongameleyo apho eziteksini, okanye yalo naliphi na igosa eligunyazisiweyo xa lisenza umsebenzi walo.
Wonke umntu okhwele eteksini makahlawule loo mali kugqitywe kuyo (elungiselelwe loo ndawo aya kuyo) kunjalonje le ntlawulo mayiphelele.
Ukuba kuyenzeka ukuba iteksi okhwele kuyo ibe nengxaki, mhlawumbi masithi ngesizathu esithile ingabi nakho ukufikelela apho usingise khona, wena mkhweli wehla kuphela xa ufumene umyalelo othi yenza oko kumqhubi. Ukuba ubusele uhlawule, unelungelo lokuba uyibuyiselwe imali yakho, kunjalonje ibuyiswe iphelele.
Maxawambi ungavumelana nomqhubi wesithuthi esinengaki ukuba ukhweliswe enye iteksi ukuze yona igqibezele uhambo lwakho ngokwemali oyihlawulileyo, kodwa intlawulo yaloo teksi iya kuphuma kumqhubi weteksi enengxaki.
Umqhubi owalayo ukubuyisela abantu iintlawulo zabo mhla ngemeko ecacisiweyo kwicandelwana 1, okanye owalela abantu ukuba baqhubeke nohambo lwabo mhla ngengxaki ngohlobo olucacisiweyo kwicandelwana 2, uya kuba waphula umthetho.
Akusayi kubakho namnye umntu oya kuvunyelwa ukuba akhwele nesilwanyana eteksini, ngaphandle kokuba isilwanyana eso yinja emnceda ekuboneni xa engaboni.
j ukugxuphuleka kwizinto ezimele kwenziwa ngumqhubi.
Umntu ophazamisayo okanye oziphatha kakubi esikhululweni seeteksi uya kuba waphula umthetho (itsho imiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala). Lowo ke uya kugxothwa ligosa eligunyazisiweyo leSixeko aphume aphele athi tu etyhwini, esikhululweni nakuyo nayiphi na ke indawo engumda ozotyelwe ukusebenza kweeteksi.
b agcine ilayisenisi yakhe yokusebenza ilapha kwisithuthi ayifumene ngaso rhoqo isithuthi sakhe sisemsebenzini.
b igama lakhe nedilesi, ndawonye negama nedilesi yomnini-teksi / yomnini-bhasi.
a asebenze ngokuthutha abantu engenayo ilayisenisi yokusebenza / iphepha-mvume lokusebenza; okanye b avumele ukuba kusetyenziswe ilayisenisi yokusebenza / iphepha-mvume lokusebenza ekuqhubeni esinye nje isithuthi esingesiso eso afumene loo layisenisi/ elo phepha-mvume ngaso.
a angasinanzi / angasikhathaleli isithuthi sakhe; okanye b avumele nabani na ukuba asebenzise isithuthi esiphantsi kolawulo lwakhe ngaphandle kwemvume yalowo unepemethe / iphepha-mvume lokusebenzisa eso sithuthi.
a Esikhululweni seeteksi okanye kuloo ndawo inxulumene neeteksi lize kuhlola; futhi b likwanelungelo lokubuza 9kulowo wongameleyo apho iinkcukacha ngendawo leyo.
Umqhubi weteksi / webhasi umele kusiphonononga isithuthi sakhe emva kohambo, ajonge ukuba akukho mpahla ishiyiweyo na.
a makase impahla leyo ishiyiweyo kumniniyo; okanye b ukuba akakwazi kuyisa kumniniyo ngasizathu sithile le mpahla, makayithathe ngokukhawuleza ayise kwi-ofisi yezinto ezilahlekileyo kwindawo yomqeshi wakhe, okanye ayise esikhululweni samapolisa apho aya kuyishiya nepolisa eliphangeleyo afumane nerisithi exelayo ukuba uyishiye apho.
Akusayi kubakho namnye umqhubi oya kuvunyelwa ukuba agcwalise iteksi yakhe de ibethe ngaphaya kwenani labantu elivumelekileyo kwisithuthi sakhe nelibhaliweyo kwipemethe yakhe.
a omnye umntu afumane okanye asebenzise iteksi; okanye b omnye umqhubi athuthe abantu.
b ethetha kwiselula okanye emnxebeni ohambayo, kungenjalo esebenzisa nasiphi na ke isixhobo sonxibelelwano, ngaphandle kokuba isixhobo eso sonxibelelwano sibe siyinxalenye yesithuthi eso ngokuthi sincanyathiselwe apho kuso ukuze sihlale sinjalo ngelixa umniniso ethetha kuso okanye esisebenzisa, kungenjalo sibe sincanyathiselwe kanye apha kuye njengeheadgear, okanye nasiphi na ke isixhobo sonxibelelwano anokusisebenzisa umqhubi engakhange ade abe usibambe ngesandla okanye ngale ndlela icaciswe ngayo kumhlathana a apha ngasentla.
Nabani na owophula nokuba mnye umqathango walo mthetho kamasipala uya kuba unetyala.
Nabani na ke owenza ityala elichazwayo apha kumhlathana 1 umele ze afumane isohlwayo sokuhlawuliswa xa sele egwetyiwe, okanye avalelwe ixesha elingaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu, kungenjalo afumane ezi zohlwayo zozibini ngaxesha-nye.
<fn>Form - COID - W. As.150T(E) - Xhosa.txt</fn>
UDIDI NGALUNYE (ISHISHINI) KUZAKUJONGWANA NEENDLEKO kuquqa nabadudula umhlaba olungakhankanywanga kwenye indawo, ZALOO NGOZI ukubhalwa kweendlela (kwemigaqo).iifolo zokuncenceshela.injineli Imali ethi ibhatalwe imiswe ngokwamashishini (ngokwee ndidi) yococeko okanye ukwakhiwa komjelo ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa ezohlukileyo apho umqeshwa weshishini ngalinye kufuneka ajongane amanzi amdaka.ukwakhiwa kwe bhulorho okanye ukulungiswa, nokwenza inzuzo eyaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neendleko zengozi ukwakhiwa kwesiporo sololiwe, ukwakhiwa kwe dama, isithintelo samaza, enyakeni neendleko zoku jongana neshishini. ibhorho yokumisa inqanawa, izibuku, inkqubo yokuqinisa ngeentsimbi.
lujongene neendleko zengozi.nto leyo ethetha ukuba zoyi 23 iindidi aImbuyekezo ngqo/Umvuzo zabo bonke abasebenzi ngokuphathelene ne tonela, ubholo lwamatye okanye inkqubo yodubulo nazo ziwela zamashishini ziyimbumba yenshurensi.ngaphantsi komlinganiselo.
Ideri kuquka neendawo zokugcina ubisi, iifektri zebhotolo nesonka mashishini angabekwa phantsi kodidi viii. 0601 samasi, ucwambu, ubusi olujiyisiweyo, ii fektri yocwambu olubandayo, imizi mveliso yezibandisi.0116 Ukufama apho umlimi enemfuyo alime nokulima zaye ezo zinto zibulingana, 0610 Inkqubo yokwenza intlanzi nomnamvuna ungonakali elunxwemeni.
(i)Abakha isilingi, imigangatho imigangatho ehlangeneyo.umgangatho (ii) Imveliso yemidiza necuba okanye isitora kuquka nawo onke amashishini weplanga, kuquka nokufakwa kwemibhobho yokukhupha amanzi, ahambisanayo nook sekukhankanyiwe.
Ukuveliswa kweemgubo nezinto ezi luhlobo olunye ezingakhankanywanga kwenye indawo , ukwenziwa kwelaphu, ilaphu eliphothiweyo, ukuhlanjwa komqhaphu, ukusonta no/ukuphothwa kwee ntsinga, ukuveliswa kwamalaphu kagqirha okubopha umenzakalo, ezingakhankanywanga kwenye indawo, ukukhethwa laphu elingasetyenziswayo.
a Qaphela:a. Naluphi uhlobo lokhuselo emanzini kuquka imveliso yamalaphuangangenwa manzi iwa phantsi koluhlu /udidi 0712.
Umzimveliso wamaplanga njengeshishini elilodwa kuquka nomsebenzi wamaplanga.
Ukusukwa (ukwenza ithwathwa)ne/ukunyanga kwezikhumba namafele njengeshishini elilodwa, ukucintela ufele.
Izinto ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi njengeshishini elilodwa.
Imveliso zendawo yokunyibikisela isinyithi okanye intsimbi njengeshishini elilodwa, ukwenziwa kwezitovu.
Uhlanganiso lweemoto (nqwelo mafutha) njengeshishini kuquka nako1360 konke okwenziwa (okunxulumene) apho.
Inqwelo, ikari enamavili amane okanye umakhi wemoto njengeshishini elilodwa, ukufakela kwamacandelo (amatsha) kwiimoto ezitshayisileyo nokuzitshia ngepeyinti njengeshishini elilodwa, imveliso yesixhobo sokupholisa/nika ubushushu kwimoto nokuzilungisa njengebhizinisi ehlukileyo.
beminqwazi kuquka ihoseyilene/yezihlangu nevenkile.
Ibhizinisi okanye ihoseyile yezixhobo zomculo, iikhomputha izixhobo ikhefi, ushishino ngokutya, indawo yokutyela, ikhefi, ibhari, indawo yokudibana ombane zasendlini (zasekhaya) isixhobo sokudlala iteyiphu yeTv, yolonwabo okanye indawo yokugcoba evulwa ebusuku ekhankanyiweyo, iziko umabonakude nabathengisi bonomathotholo kuquka nokuzifaka, lomkhosi elimiswe edolophini ethile.
zamandulo, yabathengisi bekhaphethi, yabaqhwayita nabahlola izidumbu 1940 Ibhizinisi yabangcwabi nokulawula imingcwabo (ngaphandle kwemveliso zebhokisi zezilwanyana, yokutyhengisa izinto zemidlalo, yeebhotile nengxowa, yokungcwaba namatye esikhumbuzo) ukuqhuba ishishini lokutshisa izidumbu ibhizinisi yokuthenngsa izikhumba, impahla yasendlini etofotofo, umthengisi neebhodi zamangcwaba.
nokulayisha enqanaweni, ukulayishwa okanye ukukhululwa kwetraki zololiwe okanye inqwelo apho umlinganiselo wodidi 1772 uchaphazela, ukuqasha 2410 Imisebenzi yemibutho yabasebenzi, amabhunga amashishini, ezorhwebo okanye /ukuqeshisa imoto ukuba azilungiswa apho, abarhwebi bezothutho. umbutho wezobugcisa, amaqela alawula urhwebo, ingxowa-mali yenzuzo xa ushishino lwezikhepe eiqashisayo, umnikazi wesikhitshane, inqanawe ungaphangeli, imisebenzi yemibutho anenceba ezingaweli ngaphantsi naluphi ezinemipu edubula ngaxesha nye, abanikazi benqanawa, izikhephe uluhlu kuquka imibutho ejongene neemfuno zabantwana, ikhaya leenkedama, zolonwabo, kuquka inkqubo yokulayisha nokothula inqanawa, ukulayisha imibutho yezenkolo nezopolitiko, imibutho yokuthintela inkohlakayo ezilwanyaneni, nokothula itraki zesiporo okanye inqwelo, ukusasaza izichumiso kwizityalo amalungu equmrhu langasese, ilungu lovulindlela, umbutho olwa nokuchitheka ngemoyantaka encinci.
<fn>Form - COID - W. As.2 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Imivuzo yabasebenzi ngokupheleleyo...
Ixabiso lezinye izinto...
Imivuzo yabaphathi abasebenzayo okanye amalungu...
Uqikelelo olupheleleyo lwemivuzo Ukusuka: ... ukuya...
<fn>Form - COID - W. As.36 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Umvuzo (intlawulo) ebhatelwe Yahluke kakhulu kunaleyo ibhatalwe ... Ukuphendulaumbuzo ..., umbandela(isilungiso)...
Imbuyekezo yomhla ibonisa isixa... R...ibonisiwe.
phakathi kwesambuku sentlawulo zombini.
Le ntetho ichaza imbuyekezo yemivuzo ebalulwe ngasentla inanziwe/injongwe ngokukhathaleleka. Isahluko/Icandela 823 somthetho sifundeka ngolu hlobo: Ukuba kwimbuyekezo ebalulwe kwisahlukwana 1 imali yembuyekezo ingaphantsi kwaleyo ethe yabhatalwa. uMkomishala angabeka isohlwayo engagqithi kwi persenti eziyi 10 yemali ebonisiweyo naleyo ethe yabhatalwa.
Kubalulekile ngoko ukwazi ukuba isohlwayo asixhomekekanga ekubeni kungqinakala ukuba bekunikwe iinkcukacha ezibubuxoki ngenjongo zobuqhophololo. Ukunganyameki ke ngoko ayisosizathu.
Imbuyekezo ke ngoko ingqinisekile ukuba iyinyani, kufuneka ke ngoko unike ulwazi olulungileyo phambi kokutyikitya (sayina).
Isohlwayo asisayi kuyekwa.
<fn>Form - COID - W. As.5 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Nguye nabani umntu othe wazibophelela wenza isivumelwano somsebenzi nomqashi oko kuquka nabenza amatorho.
Ingeniso yale ngxowa ivela kwimali emiselweyo yonyaka ebhatalwa ngabaqashi ababhalisiweyo esekelwe kwipersentiokanye imali ethelekelelweyo ezinzileyo yemivuzo yonyaka ebhatalwe kubasebenzi babo.
Umthetho wenze amalungiselelo okuba kubekho ummiselo omncinane ukuqinisekisa ukuba ummiselo lowoungabingaphantsi kweendleko zolawulo.
Le mali emiselweyo ibekwe ngokomthetho seko wokuba ishishini ngalinye kufuneka luthwale iindleko zalo zeengozizaye zivelelwe(zihlolwe) unyaka ngonyaka. Ukuba kukho utshintsho olwenziwayo olo luyakungqinelana nengozi leyoethe yehla.
Abaqashi bayaziswa unyaka ngonyaka ngommiselo ofunekayo kwishishini ngalinye/ ifama.
Umthetho wenza amalungiselelo okubuyekeza abasebenzi bakho abathe bafumana ukwenzakala besemsebenzini.
Umsebenzi onzakele emsebenzini unelungelo lokuhlawulwa imbuyekezo ngokuphathelene kubulwelwe kwethutyana, ubulwelwe baphakade(kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bobulwelwe) okanye ukufa.
Iindleko zoncedo zogqirha ezibekho ngenxa yokwenzakala emsebenzini ziyabhataleka isigaba seminyaka emibini, okanye edlulileyo ukuba unyango lunganciphisa ubukhulu bobulwelwe.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo nceda ujonge incwadana W.C1.8.
<fn>Form - COID - W. As.8 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
imivuzo epheleleyo ehlawulwe kubo bonke abasebenzi ngaphandle kwabamongameli namalungu enkampani okanye iqumrhu elivaliweyo elibhengeze elona nani likhulu ku R167 700 umntu ngamnye kwisithuba esesikhankanyiwe ngasentla. jonga 2.2.
Imivuzo epheleleyo ehlawulwe Omongameli benkampani okanye amalungu Equmrhu elivaliweyo elibhengeze elona nani likhulu ku R167 700 umntu ngamnye kwisithuba esesikhankanywe ngasentla.
Qaphela : Ukuba inani labasebenzi ne okanye imivuzo epheleleyo yohlukekakhulu kuleyo yonyaka odlulileyo, nceda unike izizathu zoko.
TIsixa esipheleleyo semivuzo ekulindeleke ukuba sihlawulwe kubasebenzi bonke ngaphandle kwabamongameli okanye amalugu enkampani okanye iqumrhu elivaliweyo elibhengeze elona nani likhulu ku R179 088 umntu ngamnye kwisithuba esikhankanywe ngasentla.
Imivuzo epheleleyo ekulindeleke ibhatalwe oomongameli benkampani okanye amalungu equmrhu elivaliweyo elibhengeze elona nani likhulu ki R179 088 umntu ngamnye kwisithuba esikhankanywe ngasentla.
Ukuba oko akukhankanywanga ku 3.2.1 okanye 3.2.2.
Qaphela : Ukuba inani labasebenzi ne okanye imivuzo epheleleyo yohluke kakhulu kuleyo yonyaka odlulileyo, nceda unike izizathu zoko.
Umsebenzi kuthethwa ngomntu onesivumelwano okanye osebenza phantsi kwesibophelelo okanye oqeshwe njengomfundi okanye lowoofunda esemsebenzini, nokuba isivumelwano sicacisiwe okanye sibhaliwe okanye sithehtiwe nokuba intlawulo ibalwe ngexesha okanyengomsebenzi owenziweyo okanye kubhatalwa imali okanye ubhatalwe ngempahlahayi ngemali yaye iquka-a Umsebenzi obambe isingxungxu okanye owexeshana oqashelwe ngezizathu Zokusebenza kwibhizinisi lomqashi b Umongameli wenkampani osebenzayo okanye ilungu lequmrhu ejongene Neendawo, ongene kwisibopheleloisivumelwano soncedo okanye njengofundai Kwibhizinisi okanye ofunda emsebenzini kwiqumrhu elijongene neendawo, ukuba umqashi konke oko ukwenza kumda wesivumelwano somsebenzi.
Imivuzo zizo zonke iimali ezibhatalwa rhoqo(qho), phambi kokuba kuxhuzaulwe nayiphi into, nokuba intlawulo yeyemali okanye ngempahla kubasebenzi.
Olu luhlu lulandelayo alugqibelelanga(aluphelelanga), kodwa lwenziwe ukuze kuqapheleke uluhlu lwemivuzo engadala ukuba kubekhouthandabuzo lokuba zifakiwe okanye azifakwanga kuluhlu.
l Naluphi uhlobo lwemali eyongezelelweyo, kuquka eyenkuthazo eyokuphela konyaka l Ikomishini, nakuba imali ingahluka kwinyanga ngenyanga.
l Uguqulo ngokwemali kokutya nendawo yokuhlala ekhutshwa ngumqashi eyinxalenye l nomvuzo wabasebenzi. Uguqulo ngokwemali kwamalungelo afunyanwa ngaphezu komvuzo njenge moto yenkampani, indawo yokuhlala, okanye indawo yokuhlala ebhatalwa ngexabiso eliphantsi, njl njl.
l Imali yokuhamba nezinye imali ezivunyelweyo ezibhatalwa qho, eziyinxalenye nomvuzo.
l Apho umsebenzi avuzwa ngokwesivumelwano somvuzo odityanisiweyo, zonke izinto ezenza esisivumelwano somvuzo ngaphandle komrhumo womqashi loncedo lobugrirha l Imivuzo /imali ehlawulwa oomongameli benkampani abasebenzayo okanye amalungu equmrhu elivaliweyo. maze zimmiselwe zodwa kwisiqendu 9.
l Intlawulo esimo sokubuyisela l Ukusebenza nagphaya kwexesha okungekho rhoqo.
l Intlawulo zemisebenzana engenziwa qho engabalulwanga kodwa ingaweli phantsi koluhlu lomsebenzi owenziwa ngumsebenzi qho.
l Iintlawulo zombulelo.
l Iintlawulo zokuncedisa ukubhatala iindleko ezifana neendleko zokuphila (xa usebenza ngaphanndle kwekhaya) neendleko zokuhamba, isidlo sasemini neendleko zeentlanganiso zebhizinisi.
l Imali yokuhamba nezinye iintlobo zemali evunyelweyo ebhatalwa manqaphanqapha.
l Ukuba intlawulo yomongameli namalungu ixhomekeke kwinzala, umongameli/ilungu akangomsebenzi ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho.
Ukuba umsebenzi(ibhizinisi) seyibhangile , nceda uphawule umhla wokubhanga ukhankanye imivuzo yokugqibela ethe yahlawulwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku(ngalomhla).
Le ncwadi ingafumaneka xa umqashi ethe walandela imigaqo yoMthetho, kuquka a Ukungenisa eyona miselo mivuzo yamva b Intlawulo seyenziwe okanye kwacelwa ukubhatala ngezavenge.
Izicelo ezenziwe ngomele umqashi mazibhalwe zize zihambe neleta enika igunya abo bamele abaqashiileta yamagqwetha enika abo bamele umqashi igunya f Izicelo ezifeksiweyo zivumelekile.
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.1(E) - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Le ngxelo kufuneka igcwaliswe ngoko ekuthyolwa ukuba kwenzekile ngokuphathelene nesifo eso ekuthiwa umsebenzi uye wasifumana, nakuba kuthyolwa ukuba umsebenzi usifumene kwenye indawo yomsebenzi/kwenye indawo ebesebenza kuyo.
QAPHELA: Kuyenza ukuba ezinye iimpawu zezifo zithathe iminyaka phambi kokuthi zizibonakalise, oko kungenzeka nasemva kokuba umsebenzi ethe watshintsha indawo yokusebenza. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba isifo esithe safumaneka kumqeshi/ inkampani engaphambili, iindleko ukuba zivunyiwe azisayi kuhlawulwa ngumqeshi ongaphambili.
Le ngxelo kufuneta ilinde ingxelo kagqirha.
Nceda usebenzise ifomu W.CL.2(E).
Nceda ugcine idilesi yomsebenzi othe wagula ngenxa yeemeko zomsebenzi waze wayeka, ukuze ayifumane imbuyekezo yakhe.
Ndiyangqina ukuba zonke iinkcukacha eziboniswe kumanqaku 1-40 yale ngxelo ngokolwazi lwam buyinyani. Ityikitywe ngomhla Kwinyanga ...20... Uphawu lokusayina...
Idilesi yesitalato 5. Ikhodi Yeposi/Umqondiso weposi...
Ifani 13. Amagama...
Inombolo Yesazisi 15. Umhla wokuzalwa .../.../... 16.
Ixesha/Ithuba ukulomsebenzi Iminyaka Iinyanga/...
Imini esiqondakale ngayo isifo 27 Unobangela Wesifo...
Lithuba/ixesha elingakanani umsebenzi esebenza ngezenzi ezibangele isigulo sakhe...
Umhla umsebenzi asixele ngaso isifo/azise...
Ebesenza hlobo luni lomsebenzi umqeshwa kumqeshi wangaphambili..?
Ingaba uzimisele ukumnika imali/umvuzo ogqitha iinyanga ezintathu ngexesha agula ngalo umsebenzi okwethutyana?
Ingaba zezexesha elingakanani ezintlawulo(iinyanga) Ukusukela /.../... Ukuya .../.../..?
Umhla ayeke ngawo emsebenzini umqeshwa...
Umvuzo opheleleyo Kuquka ukusebenza ngaphezu kweeyure ezigunyazisiweyo, nekomoshini esisigxina Imali Mvume ezisigxina: a b Ibhonasi ... Ezinye balula ...I yo ...guqulelo lw okutya ngokwemali Uguqulelo lwendawo yokuhlala ngokwemali efumaneka mahala...
Ukuba unolwazi lokuba umsebenzi ebeke wafumana imbuyekezo ngaphambili kwangesisifo sinye okanye nasiphi esinye/ngokuphathelene nengozi, nikezela ngenkcukacha...
QAPHELA: Ukuba impendulo ngu ewe, umsebenzi kufuneka enze inkcaza Ize ifakwe/ idityaniswe kunye nencwadi yencaza.
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.2 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Nanini na apo umsebenzi edibana nengozi edalwe yimeko yomsebenzi okanye xa esenza umsebenzi waze umenzakalo wafuna unyango okanye ukufa.
Nanina umsebenzi echaza ukwenzakala kumqashi, ukuba xa esenza incaza umsebenzi uthyola ukuba ukwenzakala kudaleke emsebenzini okanye ziimeko zomsebenzi.
Inyathelo 2Susa "Isahluko B"(ikopi "yesahluko A",kwiphepha 1) ngokuyikrazula kwimingxuma uze unike umsebenzi "Isahluko B"uze umcele ayinike ugqirha/uchwepheshe wamathambo okanye esibhedle. Kwii meko ezinobuzaza "Isahluko B" kunyanzelekile ukuba zigqithiselwe ku gqirha/uchwepheshe wamathambo/isibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
Gcwalisa ifomu eyohlukileyo yomsebenzi ngamnye.
Nceda usebenzise ifomu elungileyo yokufaka ingxelo yezifo emsebenziniW.CI.1 6 Ukuba umsebenzi uyekile ukusebenza kwi bhizinisi yakho, nceda ugcine ingxelo ye dilesi apho angafumaneka khona ukuze iimali zakhe ezinokubhatalwa kwi Ngxowa Yembuyekezo ithunyelwe kuye ngoncedo lwakho.
ISIBHENGEZO SOMQASHI/OSEGUNYENI Ndiyazisa ndifunga ukuba iinkcukacha ezikuluhlu 1-62 sale ngxelo, yomenzakalo othyolwayo emsebenzini ngokolwazi lwam ziyinyani yaye zichanekile.
INGOZI 29. 39. 40. 41. 30. 31. 32.2 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. Umhla wengozi /.../... Ingaba ingozi ibiyeye zithuthi zendlela endleleni yoluntu Uhlobo lwengozi alufumeneyo (umz umnwe wokukhomba okanye isandla sasekhohlo sityumkile) ... (phawula oko kufanelekileyo) Ingaba wanelisekile ukuba umsebenzi wenzakale ngohlobo athyola ukuba wenzakalengayo Ixesha ... Indawo yengozi (eyenzeke) ... Iphondo ... Ingingqi ... Ixesha ... Umhla ayichaze ngayo ingozi umsebenzi .../.../... Msebenzi mni ubusenziwa ngunsebenzi ngexesa le ngozi ... Lingakanani ixesha usenza lomsebenzi(iminyaka/iinyanga) .../... Ingaba umsebenzi ngethuba kusenzeka ingozi ebesenza into edibene nomsebenzi wakhe (ukuba impendulo ngu hayi chaza izizathu kwi sahluko A Iphepha 3) (ukuba hayi nika izizathu ngasemva kwisahluko A Iphepa 3) (bhekisa kwii matshini/okwenziwayo(P3),ukuba umntu owenzakeleyo uwile okanye ubethwe nazo zonke iimeko ezinguno bangela wengozi). S ... Nika ingxelo ngobufutshane okuba yenzeke njani ingozi(Nceda uphawule izinto eziqondeneyo ngasemva kwi sahluko A iphepha 3 usebenzise yona ngengxelo egcweleyo.) ... Ewe Ewe Ewe Ubulewe Nqumke ilungu Uphelelwe ziingqondo Hayi Hayi Hayi If not, give reasons..?
Umqashi: Umhla wengozi: ... Umsebenzi: ... Isazisi Somsebenzi:...
Umqashi: Umhla wengozi: ... Umsebenzi: ... Isazisi Somsebenzi:...
Ndiyazisa ndifunga ukuba iinkcukacha ezikuluhlu 1-62 sale ngxelo, yomenzakalo othyolwayo emsebenzini ngokolwazi lwam ziyinyani yaye zichanekile.
Iphawulwe ngale mini ... yenganga... yonyaka...
Ifani 14. Amagama...
Inombolo yesazisi 16. Umhla wokuzalwa.../.../... 17.
Inombolo Yomsebenzi 21. Umsebenzi/Isikhundla...
Ixesha eqashwe nguwe (iminyaka/iinyanga) /... 28.
Umhla wengozi /.../... 30. Ixesha...
Indawo yengozi (eyenzeke) 32. Ingingqi...
Umhla ayichaze ngayo ingozi umsebenzi /.../... 34. Ixesha...
Lingakanani ixesha usenza lomsebenzi(iminyaka/iinyanga) /...
Ingaba umsebenzi ngethuba kusenzeka ingozi ebesenza into edibene nomsebenzi wakhe?
Ingaba ingozi ibiyeye zithuthi zendlela endleleni yoluntu?
Uhlobo lwengozi alufumeneyo (umz umnwe wokukhomba okanye isandla sasekhohlo sityumkile)...
NgumKomishala Wembuyekezo kuphela oyakwenza izigqibo zokuba iimfanelo zobango ngokuphathelene nengozi ziya kwamkelwa ngokomgaqo womthetho.
INGXELO YOKUQALA KA GQIRA(W.CI.4) makagcwaliswe nekopi kube nonophelo kuqinisekiswe ukuba amagama omsebenzi nawo mqashi ne nombolo yesazisi somsebenzi njengoko kubonisiwe(kwenziwe) kule fomu. Ifomu ngqo(engeyo kopi) maze ithunyelwe kumqashi ngokukhawulezileyo ngeli xa ikopi igcinwe kugqirha/ugqirha wamathambo/esibhedlele kunye nale fomu.
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.20 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Sebenzisa le fomu ngokwemiyalelo engasemva.. NO.
Igama likagqirha okugqithisileyo...
Igama lomqashi Idilesi Epheleleyo ... Ifani yomsebenzi... Amagama... N.I.nombolo/Col.nombolo ... Idilesi yokuhlala...
Iakhawunti yakho ayifumaneki. Nceda uthumele ikopi ubhale inombolo yokubanga. Iikopi zengxelo yokuqala neyokugqibela kagqirha neengxelo zogesi nazo ziyafuneka.
Isicelo sobango somsebenzi asiphumelelanga kwi ngxowa yembuyekezo ngoko i akhawunti yakho ayisayi kubhatalwa..
Ifomu eyahlukileyo mayigcwaliswe kabili netyala elo ngokwetyala ngalinye elingakhange libhatalwe kwinyanga ezimbili ezidlulileyo okanye ngaphezulu.
Lefomu kumele isetyenziswe ngogqirha, gqirha bamazinyo, zibhedlele, nendawo zokugcima abantu abagulayo njalo, njalo., ikhadi lokubona ugqirha kwi ngxowa yembuyekezo.
ogqirha okanye izibhedlela ezithe zanyanga umsebenzi ngenxa yomsebenzi kalokufune phezu kwetyala labo bongeze lefomu kunye ngisaba sesibi sengxelo nomqeshi kwakunye ne kopi yencwadi yokuqala yokwenzakala.
Ukuba le-ofisi ifumanise ukuba xa ifumana zonke ezincwadi zibalwe ngentla umqeshi wakho akakayixeli ingozi yakho kule-ofisi kuyakuqhakamishelwana naye ngoku khawuleza . ngamanye amaxesha ukuba kuthe kanti ingozi yingozi kwaye ezincwadi zindenhla zifumanekile le-ofisini ingakwazi ukwamkela ityala elo kwaye ibhatale indleko zakho.
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.26 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Umsebenzi ebekulungele nini ukubuyela emsebenzini ..?
Ugqibele nini ukulungela umsebenzi, umqeshwa ..?
Ingaba umsebenzi uye wanyanzeleka ukuba atshintshe umsebenzi ngokulandela iingcebiso zikagqirha/zobugqirha ..?
b Ukuba kunjalo nika izizathu...
b Ukuba kunjalo nika iinkcaza epheleleyo ekhatshwa zingxelo ezikhethekileyo zoxilongo...
Ingaba imeko yomsebenzi izinzile/ibuyele kwimeko yesiqhelo ..?
Ndiyaqinisekisa ukuba ngoxilongo, imeko yomsebenzi idalwe sisifo/umenzakalo asifumene emsebenzini njengoko kubalulwe ngentla.
Qaphela : Iinkcukacha ngokwemeko/ukuchacha yommsebenzi ngenyanga nganye mazinikwe umKomishala okanyeumqashi obekwa ityala, ide imeko yomsebenzi ibe ngcono. Kwandulwe ukufakwa ingxelo kagqirha yokugqibela..
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.287 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Igama neFani yoMceli:...
Igama lomqashi apho ingozi yehla khona:...
Umvuzo ngeli thuba: R ngeveki/inyanga.
Njengokuba ndafumana intlawulo ngokoMthetho Wembuyekezo wabasebenzi ka 1941, ndayifumana yonke imali yam kungoku ndiyalambatha yaye andisebenzi, kungoko ndifaka isicelo esongezelelweyo soncedo oluvunyiweyo.
Ingaba wakhe wafumana isongezelelo soncedo eluvunyiweyo ngaphambili..?
b Ingaba uyakuchasa ukuthatha isifungo?
Ndiyaqinisekisa ukuba umfungi uyangqina ukuba uyakuqonda okuqulathwe sesisibhengezo esifungelweyo saze sangqiniswa phambi kwam ngophawu lomfungi/ ubhontsi unyatheliswe phambi kwam.
OMELE INKUNDLA/UMKOMISHALA WEZIFUNGO Igama elipheleleyo Isikhundla ... Ogunyaziswe ukumela Umzantsi Afrika Umhla ... Indawo...
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.3 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Isiqendu 38 43 -Imithetho yekomishala ifomu, neenkcukacha-isihlomelo 14.
UMSEBENZI: Ifani Amagama Okuqala ... Inombolo yesazisi ... Inombolo Yomsebenzi ... Idilesi Yokuhlala/Yasekhaya ... Ikhodi Yeposi/Umqondiso wokwahlula iposi ... Umhla Wokuzalwa ... Isini ... Utshatile/ Isoka ... Intlobo/uhlobo lomsebenzi...
Igama lomqashi apho umsebenzi onzakele khona...
Indawo nexesha apho ingozi yenzeke khona Umhla Ixesha ... Indawo...
Ebesenza ntoni umsebenzi/umqeshwa ngexesha lengozi yaye yehle njani...
Umvuzo opheleleyo(phambi kokuxhuzulwa)kuquka ukusebenza ngaphaya kwexesha/iiyure nekomishini...
Imali efumaneka qho...
Uguqulelo lwendawo yokuhlala ngokwemali...
Ngeveki R Ngenyanga R...
Ndiyaqinisekisa ukuba zonke ezinkcukacha ngokokwazi kwam ziyinyaniso.
Uphawi lomsebenzi/lowo omele umsebenzi.
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.4 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Yenzeke kanjani ingozi ebangwayo ..?
Inkcaza egqibeleleyo ngokwenzakala /gengozi (hayi iimpawu)...
Chaza ngokufutshane izifo/isiphene ebesikho ngaphambilikwengozi...
Isilalisi(iyeza lokungeva iintlungu) Ngokubanzi/endaweni ethile Ixesha a Ingcebiso Ewe /Hayi Nabani ... Umhla...
b Ingaba umsebenzi ubonene nomntu onyanga umzimba ngokuthambisa Ewe/Hayi. Umthambisi mzimba..?
Ndiyangqina ukuba ngoxilongo lomsebenzi ndizanelisile ngeenkcukacha zengozi ngokuphathelenekokwenzakala komsebenzi.
Qaphela : Le ngxelo mayinikwe umsebenzi owenzakeleyo okanye ithunyelwe kumqashi kungaphelangaiintsuku eziyi 14 ukusukela kwimini yokuqala yoxilongo.
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.44 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Ifani negama(ama)s Idilesi: ...INOMBOLO YESAZISI:...
Ukuba kunjalo, lixesha elingakanani..?
Zizigulo zini akubonela zona umqeshwa?
Ingaba umsebenzi uyachacha?
Injani imeko yomsebenzi/Impilo..?
Ingaba umsebenzi unamayeza/amachiza awaselayo Ukuba akhona wakhankanye ngamagama nemilinganiselo ngemini..?
Ingaba uneenkcukacha ezinganobungozi eziphathekayo ezidlulileyo nezikhoyo ngoku ngempilo yomsebenzi neemeko zokuhlala kwakhe ezingachaphazela ixesha (elide) lokuphila kwakhe(emhlabeni)?
Ingaba konke okulandelayo kuhamba ngendlela xa kuxilongwa?
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.52 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Nceda unike incaza ngokuchanekileyo isimo selihlo(samehlo) ubonakalise kulemizobo ingezantsi iziphumo zengozi kwinkangeleko yelihlo(ma).
Ngokombono (lwazi) lwakho ingaba ukusetyenziswa kwee ndondo kuye kwanyanzeleka emva kwengozi(ngenxa yengozi)..?
Ukuba ubukhali beliso buyalungiseka ngokusebenzisa iindondo, kodwa awasebenzisa iindodo, nceda ucele izizathu(isi).
Ingaba kukhona uqhaqho olwenziweyo Ukuba lukhona chaza uhlobo neziphumo..?
a. Ingaba umsebenzi ebekulungele nini ukubuyela emsebenzini..?
b. Ngowuphi umhla azakubuyela ngawo emsebenzini..?
Ingaba kukhona ukulahleka kwamandla okubona?
Ingaba kukho ukulahleka kwentshukumo lwelihlo?
Ukubona kabini kumbindi weqondo 20 lokubona.
Ukubona kabini ngaphandle kweqondo 20 lokubona.
Ukubona kabini ngaphandle kombindi weqondo 20 lokubona, kodwa ujonge ezantsi..
<fn>Form - COID - W. Cl.6 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Inombolo Yokubanga: r...
UMTHETHO WEMBUYEKEZO KWINGOZI NEZIFOEMSEBENZINI, 1993 (UMTHETHO 130 ka 1993) Qaphela: Le fomu mayigcwaliswe ingeniswe ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba umsebenzi ebuyele emsebenzini. Ukuba ufumana uxilongo(amayeza) nika ingxelo yenyanga ngenyanga "yokubuyela emsebenzini "ade umsebenzi aphume esibhedlela /abuyele emsebenzini..
Amagama nefani yomsebenzi Inombolo yesazisi ... Idilesi: ... Ikhodi yeposi ... Igama lomgeshi ... Idilesi ... ikhodi yeposi ... Umhla wengozi...
Ingaba umsebenzi umsebenzi olula ubukhona waze umqeshwa wanikwa Ewe/Hayi..?
Ingaba umsebenzi uye wawenza lomsebenzi olula ebenikwe wona Ewe/Hayi (ukuba hayi nika izizathu)..?
Ingaba umsebenzi usaqashwe nguwe Ewe /Hayi..?
b Idilesi afumaneka kuyo umsebenzi...
Ingaba umsebenzi ebefumana ukutya nendawo yokuhlala mahala ngelixa elibalulwe kumhlathi 1 ngasentla Ukuba kunjalo chaza amaxa(ili) ngaphantsi kwimihlathi (a)no, okanye (b)?
Ukutya Ukusukela Ukuya...
Indawo yokuhlala Ukusukela Ukuya...
Ixesha ebehleli ngalo(alichithe) Ukusukela Ukuya...
Uphawu lomqashi Igama (libhaliwe) ... Umhla (Ibalulekile)...
<fn>Form - COID - W.G.30 - Xhosa.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ugcwalise ukuba okulandelayo ukuba ingozi ithe yaneziphumo zokufa Chaza ubuhlobo phakathi komceli, nomsebenzi othe wasweleka...
Umhla wengozi/umhla wokufumana isifo...
Indawo yengozi/Apho isifo sifumaneke khona...
Ingaba kukho mbuyekezo ethe yanikwa...
Ukufa Ukuba kunjalo nika inkcaza..?
Kuthyolwa ukuba ingozi/isifo sehle ngenxa yokungakhathali kwalowo obalulwe kwisiqendu 56 Ewe...
Kukho izithyolo zokuba ingozi /isifo sibangelwe sisiphene kwisixhobo sobuchule njengoko sekukhankanyiwe kwisiqendu 56 Ewe okanye Hayi...
Siphe iinkcukacha ngamangqina ofuna umceli abizwe ngokwasemthethweni, ukuze azokunika ubungqina egameni lesicelo ukuba kuye kwaxoxwa ityala.
Bhala amagama nedilesi eyunyoni zabasebenzi, igqwetha okanye omele umceli ukuba ukhona ozakumela umceli kule nyewe...
Mna Ndingumceli kule nyewe, ndiqinisekisa ukuba zonke ezinkcukacha ngokolwazi lwam ziyinyaniso.
Ingqina Uphawu ... Umhla...
<fn>GCIS.10ReasonsToTestForHivAids.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
UMzantsi Afrika uthatha uxanduva.
Izizathu ezili-10 zokuba kutheni NGOKU ilixesha lokuba senze uvavanyo...
INtsholongwane kaGawulayo ingalawuleka kwaye ingathintelwa. Thatha uxanduva uvavanywe namhlanje.
Uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo nolawulo lwayo lufumaneka mahala kuzo ZONKE iikliniki zikarhulumente.
Ukuba ngaba uvavanyo lwakho lukhupha iziphumo ezibonisa ukosuleleka, usenokuphila ubomi obusempilweni.
Ukuba ngaba uvavanyo lwakho lukhupha iziphumo ezibonisa ukungosuleleki, ungazikhusela ungabi usosuleleka.
Ungazikhusela ukhusele nabanye kusuleleko lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo - sebenzisa ikhondom ngalo lonke ixesha unciphise nenani lamaqabane owabelana nawo ngesondo.
Ukwenza uvavanyo kunye neqabane lakho kudala intembeko nentlonipho.
Yiba ngumzekelo kusapho nabahlobo bakho. Yenza uvavanyo namhlanje ukuze ukhuthaze nabanye ukuba benze uvavanyo nabo.
Akukho sana lufanele ukuzalwa luneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo. Likhona iyeza elinokukhusela oku, KODWA kufanele usazi isimo sakho malunga neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kuselithuba kumitho lwakho.
Ukuba ngaba une-TB, usenokuba nayo neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo. Qinisekisa ukuba uya lwenza uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukuba ngaba uneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo, qinisekisa ukuba uya lwenza uvavanyo lwe-TB.
UMzantsi Afrika uthatha uxanduva ngempilo yakho. Uza kuluthatha nini wena uxanduva lokuba uvavanywe?
Ukuba ngaba awukosuleleki zikhusele unqande ukuba ungosuleleki - uze uhlale unjalo.
<fn>GCIS.FIFA.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
Sililizwe lesibini ehlabathini lokuba kubanjelwe kulo iindebe zehlabathi zomdlalo weqakamba, umbhoxo kunye nebhola ekhatywayo.
Ezi ziteyidiyam zitsha zezona zibukeleka kakhulu ehlabathini, kwaye zidibene ziyakubanezitulo zokuhlalisa abantu abangaphezulu kwama 570 000.
ISiteyidiyam i-Moses Mabhida e-Durban sinombombo wentsimbi oziimitha eziyi 105 phezu kwephahla, kwaye ngokusebenzisa isithuthi sentambo, ababukeli bayakuyibona kamnandi i-Indian Ocean.
I-Soccer City e-Johannesburg yakhiwe ngathi liselwa, ingqayi yokusela yesintu yase-Afrika. Indawo elufele olungaphandle ingange 43 000 m2 kwaye iyonke izakwakhiwa ngezinto zokwakha zendalo ezonga amandla. Esi sesona siteyidiyam sikhulu e-Afrika, esinezitulo zokuhlalisa abantu abaphantse babe ngama 95 000.
ISteyidiyam i-Mbombela e-Nelspruit sakhiwe kwingingqi eyaziwa ngobumbejembeje bayo bendalo yasendle nezilwanyana zasendle, kufutshane ne-Kruger National Park. Uphawu lwaso olungundoqo nolugqibeleleyo zizixhaso zophahla ezili 18 ezingathi ziindlulamthi.
Iiziteyidiyam ezisezilokishini zivuselelwa umgangatho, ezinye njeengeendawo zokuzilolonga nokuqeqeshela abadlali.
Isiteyidiyam i-Olympia Park e-Rustenburg.
I-R25 million izakutyalwa kuphuhliso lweeklabhu kuzo zonke iindidi zemidlalo, ngakumbi kwiindawo zabahlali abangamahlwempu, ukuze kuveliswe kwaye kukhuliswe italente yethu yezemidlalo kwaye kuphuculwe ukukhuphisaneka kwemidlalo yakweli.
I-R212 million ityalwa kwimidlalo yasezikolweni neyabahlali kwisithuba esikhokelela ku 2010. INkqubo yeZikolo iyakuzisa izithethe zokudlala ngokufanelekileyo nangokungakhethi zeNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA, iindlela zokuphila ezinempilo kunye nosetyenziso lweenkqubo ezidibanisa iinkcubeko ngeenkcubeko kubantwana besikolo abayi 12 million, ngokwemidlalo, ubugcisa kunye nenkcubeko.
Kutyalwa malunga ne R11,7 billion kwinkqubo yobuxhakaxhaka bezothutho ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba abaxhasi bebhola, amaqela wabadlali kunye neenkonzo zeendaba, bahambahamba kakuhle nangokukhululekileyo. Iiprojethi zothutho zeNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA yango 2010 ziyinxenye ehlangeneyo yotyalo-mali lulonke lukarhulumente kwezothutho, nto leyo eshukumisa inkqubo yethu yezothutho ukuze oko kubeyinzuzo yexesha elide kubakhweli nakwezoqoqosho.
Uvuselelo lomgangatho weendlela zakweli, iziporo kunye neendlela ezihamba iibhasi ziyakudala inkqubo yezothutho ehlanganisiweyo. Oku kubandakanya iinkqubo ezintsha ezifana neeNkqubo zokuGqithiselana ngokuKhawuleza zeZiporo nezeeBhasi, ezibandakanya imizila eyodwa yothutho loluntu kunye neendawo ezichongiweyo zokukhuphela abakhweli, ukuze abakhweli batshintshe basuke kuhlobo oluthile lwesithuthi, baye kolunye uhlobo lwesithuthi. INdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA yango 2010 izakunkqenkqezisa phambili ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokukhupha amatikiti ezihlanganisiweyo zobuxhakaxhaka bombane, nto leyo eyakwenza ukuba abakhweli bakwazi ukusebenzisa itikiti libelinye bakhwele ngalo iibhasi, oololiwe kunye neeteksi.
Ubuxhakaxhaka bendawo yonxibelelwano lomabonakude wesathelayithi kunye nonxibelelwano lweminxeba yeNdebe yeHlabathi luyakuxhasa amandla okukhupha amaza onxibelelwano lomoya angama 40 gigabytes ngomzuzwana, kwaye iyakusetyenziselwa ukunika iinkonzo zosetyenziso lwamaza onxibelelwano aphangaleleyo nanabileyo emva ko 2010.
IZiko loSasazo lweHlabathi elise Johannesburg lizakuba liziko elisisigqubi seenkonzo zeendaba, kwaye lifumane usasazo lwamaza omoya oluvela kwiziteyidiyam luze lulugqithisele kwihlabathi liphela.
Iziko elisisigqubi seenkonzo zeendaba libandakanya izitya zesathelayithi ezithabathe indawo engange 5 000 mÂ². Ababukeli bethelevijini bomnyhadala we 2010 bayakufikelela malunga kwi 26,9 billion.
Isilogani sethu esivunyiweyo seNdebe yeHlabathi yango 2010 sithi KE NAKO. Bhiyozela uBuntu be-Afrika "Ke Nako" ligama leSesotho, Sesotho sa Leboa neSetswana elithetha ukuthi "sekulixesha". Likhwelo lokubhiyozela i-Afrika njengemvelaphi yobuntu nanjengomgaleli kuwo wonke amacandelo weenzame zoluntu.
Okokuqala embalini, i-FIFA yenza izivumelwano neendawo zokuhlala nokulala ezingezizo iihotele, ezifana neepaki zelizwe, amagumbi okulala nokutya isidlo sakusasa, izindlu ezineendawo zokulala kunye namakhaya wamandwendwe.
Sesinamagumbi ahlelwe ngokomgangatho angama 80 000 - wona onelise inani elifunwa yi-FIFA elingama 55 000 agqitha ngaphaya kwalo.
Ilizwe lizakuba nonakekelo lwempilo olusisiseko lwamahala kwiindawo zokudlalela ezivunyiweyo, iinkonzo zempilo zongxamiseko iiyure ezingama 24, kunye namanyathelo ehlabathi nawelizwe obuntlola okugada ukuqhambuka kwezifo.
Kuzakutshintshwa izithuthi ezizi-ambulensi ezingama 450.
Akukho nanye into ezakuyekwa izenzekele nje ngokwamathuba ekukhuseleni lo mnyhadala nasekukhuseleni ilizwe lethu.
Amaziko amane okulawula nokukhupha imiyalelo akumgangatho ophezulu wobuchwepheshe azakufumana imifanekiso nqo esuka kwiinqwelo-ntaka nezinye iikhamera.
Umkhosi ozinikeleyo wamalungu angama 41 000 uzakutyalwa ujongane nje kuphela neNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA yango 2010.
KwiMbizo yeHlabathi malunga noPhuhliso oluZinzisekayo, uMzantsi Afrika wasungula indlela yokhuselo evunyiweyo njengomzekelo omtsha emakujongwe kuwo lihlabathi - kwaye ke ngoku seyivunyiwe ngumbutho weZizwe eziManyeneyo njengomzekelo wemibhiyozo emikhulu.
I-R1,5 billion ityalwa ekuvuseleleni umgangatho weendawo zokungena kweli lizwe kwaye amalungiselelo eNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA yango 2010 aphucula imigaqo yokungena kwabantu kweli lizwe ukuze bangene kwaye baphume kakuhle nangokufanelekileyo.
Siyakubaneencwadi zokuvumela ukungena ezilungiselelwe nqo imidlalo ethile eziyakwenza ukuba abo banamatikiti bangene lula elizweni.
Oku kubandakanya ukukhawulezisa iinkqubo zokungenisa abantu elizweni kwiindawo zokungena ngemizila "yokukhawulezisa" kunye nokuqhutyekiswa okuphambili kwabakhweli apho abahambi bahlolwayo phambi kokuba bakhwele iinqwelo-ntaka eziya kwiindawo abahambela kuzo.
Kuzakuveliswa imisebenzi emitsha emalunga nama 415 000 ngenxa yokubamba le tumente.
Kuveliswe imisebenzi emitsha engama 80 000 kwishishini lonakekelo lweendwendwe kunye nengama 40 000 kwishishini lokwakha.
Kuzakongezwa malunga ne R55,7 billion kwimveliso yethu epheleleyo yelizwe ngo 2010.
Imali engange R2 billion yemali esetyenziswe kwiziteyidiyam ezintsha izakubayinzuzo nqo kumakhaya anengeniso ephantsi.
Iindwendwe ezivela kumazwe angaphandle zizakusebenzisa malunga ne R8,5 billion eMzantsi Afrika ngo 2010.
Phakathi ko 2007 no 2015, uMzantsi Afrika uzakusingatha abanye abakhenkethi behlabathi abazizigidi ezimbini ngenxa yokubambela le tumente kweli lizwe.
Lo mginyisi-ngwiqi, owaziwa njengombiyozo weentshatsheli weNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA, ngumdlalo ophakathi kwamaqela aphumelele kwitumente nganye ye-FIFA yomanyano, iqela elaphumelelayo kule Ndebe yeHlabathi idlulileyo ye-FIFA, kunye neqela lelizwe ekuzakubanjelwa kulo itumente yeNdebe ezayo yeHlabathi ye-FIFA. Ngengxubevange etsala umdla yamaqela akwizinga lehlabathi - kubandakanywa isithathu kumaqela amane aphezulu ehlabathini - kunye nochulumanco olumandla lwesizwe esingumthandi webhola ekhatywayo, iNdebe ye-FIFA yoManyano ngamava ekungafanelanga umntu aphoswe ngawo.
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, i-Egypt yenye yamaqela aphambili kumdlalo webhola ekhatywayo wase-Afrika. Lilelona qela linempumelelo kakhulu kwimbali yeNdebe yeZizwe zase-Afrika ngeetayitile ezintandathu. Umqeqeshi: Hassan Shehat. Izinga kwi-FIFA: 22. Ivele kangaphi kwiNdebe ye-FIFA yoManyano: kanye. Abadlali abagqamileyo: Hossam Hassan, Ahmed Hassan, Amr Zaky, Mohamed Zidan.
Indlela abayihlasela ngayo ibhola nobuchule obuliqilima kwenza ukuba bakufanele ukuzibiza njengeentshatsheli zase-Asia. Umqeqeshi: Jorvan Vieira. Izinga kwi-FIFA: 77. Ivele kangaphi kwiNdebe ye-FIFA yoManyano: kanye. Abadlali abagqamileyo: Younis Mahmoud, Noor Sabri, Bassim Abbas, Nashat Akram.
Okwangoku i-Spain liqela elinqenqeza kwizinga lokuqala kumazinga ehlabathi avunywe yi-FIFA. Umqeqeshi: Vicente Del Bosque. Izinga kwi-FIFA: lokuqala. Ivele kangaphi kwiNdebe ye-FIFA yoManyano: kokokuqala. Abadlali abagqamileyo: Fernando Torres, Xabi Alonso, Iker Casillas, Sergio Ramos.
I-USA, ethe yavumeleka kwezi tumente zintlanu zidlulileyo zeNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA kwaye emva kokukhusela ngempumelelo itayitile yayo yeNdebe yeGolide ye-CONCACAF yango 2007 ngokubetha i-Mexico 2-1, ibonwa njengomakhwekhwetha obuthamileyo kwicala lebhola ekhatywayo. Umqeqeshi: Bob Bradley. Izinga kwi-FIFA: 21. Ivele kangaphi kwiNdebe ye-FIFA yoManyano: kathathu. Abadlali abagqamileyo: Damarcus Beasley, Landon Donovan, Clint Dempsey, Tim Howard.
Akukho qela lelizwe embalini elixhamle impumelelo kangange-Brazil. Ngokuvelisa amanye wawona magama makhulu kulo mdlalo afana no PelÃ© no Ronaldinho, lilo kuphela iqela elidlale kuzo zonke iiNdebe zeHlabathi ze-FIFA. Umqeqeshi: Dunga. Izinga kwi-FIFA: Isine. Ivele kangaphi kwiNdebe ye-FIFA yoManyano: kahlanu (liqela eliphumelele kabini). Abadlali abagqamileyo: Ronaldinho, Adriano, Gilberto, Robinho.
Iqela elaziwa jikelele njenge "All Whites", lithabathe inxaxheba kuzo zonke iiNdebe zeZizwe ze-OFC ukusukela ngo 1973, laphumelela amaxesha amane. Umqeqeshi: Ricki Herbert. Izinga kwi-FIFA: 54. Ivele kangaphi kwiNdebe ye-FIFA yoManyano: kabini. Abadlali abagqamileyo: Simon Elliot, Ryan Nelson, Chris Killen, Shane Smeltz.
I-"Bafana Bafana", enetayitile enye yeNdebe yeZizwe zase-Afrika ye-CAF kunye neetayitile ezimbini zeNdebe ye-COSAFA egameni layo, ikulungele ukwenza owayo umda njengeqela ekubanjelwe iitumente elizweni lalo. Umqeqeshi: Joel Santana. Izinga kwi-FIFA: 85. Ivele kangaphi kwiNdebe ye-FIFA yoManyano: kanye. Abadlali abagqamileyo: Benni Mcarthy, Aaron Mokoena, Steven Pienaar, Teko Modise.
Emva kokuba iphumelele iiNdebe ezine zeHlabathi ze-FIFA, i-Italy ilelinye lamaziko eengqonyela zehlabathi kwibhola ekhatywayo. UMqeqeshi: Marcello Lippi. Izinga kwi-FIFA: Indawo yesibini. Ivele ngaphambi kwiNdebe ye-FIFA yoManyano: kokokuqala. Abadlali abagqamileyo: Fabio Cannavaro, Andrea Pirlo, Luca Toni, Gianluigi Buffon.
Yonwabela umdlalo webhola ekhatywayo okwizinga lehlabathi ngemalana eqala kwi R70 qha - Zibekele indawo embalini kwaye ubeyinxenye yoBuntshatsheli beeNtshatsheli.
Yenza isicelo kunxibelelwano e-www.FIFA.com okanye kulo naliphina isebe le-First National Bank elizweni jikelele.
Igama lebhola elivela kwi-siSotho elithi "Kopanya" lithetha ukuthi "Dibanisa", kwaye limele ihlabathi lebhola ekhatywayo elihlanganayo okokuqala e-Afrika ngeyeSilimela 2009. Indlela eyilwe ngayo le bhola iphenjelelwe ngumsebenzi wobugcisa wamaNdebele.kunxulumaniso lweembombo nemigca yejiyometri.
<fn>GCIS. HangerText.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
Join the partnership between government and society to voice support for victims of abuse.
Nxiba iribhoni emhlophe ukubonakalisa ukuzibophelela.
Thabatha inxaxheba kwimicimbi nemisebenzi yeeNtsuku ezili-16 zokuZabalaza : taking place from 25 eyeNkanga - 10 eyoMnga: Fumana iinkcukacha kummandla wakho okanye fumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe, yiya ku: www.womensnet.org.
Volontiya uxhase imibutho engekho ngaphantsi kukarhulumente kunye namaqela oluntu axhasa abasetyhini kunye nabantwana abaphethwe gadalala.
Nikela ngemali kwimibutho esebenzela ukuphelisa ubundlobongela obubhekiselwe kwabasetyhini kunye nabantwana ngokwenza umrhumo kuMbutho wamaLungelo oluNtu. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, yiya ku: www.fhr.org.za okanye utsalele umnxeba u 011 339 5560.
Thetha phandle ngokuchasene nophatho gadalala olubhekiselwe kwabasetyhini kunye nabantwana: Khuthaza amaxhoba angawasetyhini athuleyo ukuba acele umngeni kuphatho gadalala. Kuxele emapoliseni ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana.
Zimanye namaqumrhu oluntu obupolisa okanye amaqumrhu okhuseleko oluntu uncede ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho kummandla wakho.
Ukuba ngaba uphethwe gadalala ngayo nayiphi na indlela okanye ukuba kukho umntu omaziyo ophethwe gadalala, sukwenza ngathi awuboni - fumana uncedo.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente tsalela ku 1020, simahla kumnxeba wasekhaya.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente tsalela ku 1020, simahla kumnxeba wasekhaya.
<fn>GCIS. HealthMinisterLetter.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
ukucela uncedo lwakho nokubandakanyeka kwakho buqu noko kwe-ofisi yakho ephezulu ekudluliseni ngokusebenzayo imiyalezo engundoqo ngoMkhuhlane-A (i-H1N1) 2009 kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Igama elisesikweni ngokwenzululwazi lesi sifo ngumkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele-A (i-H1N1) 2009. Uqale eMexico naseMelika ngo-Apreli kulo nyaka. Kuqala yayisaziwa njengomkhuhlane weehagu kuba kwakucingwa ukuba uvela ezihagwini. Ngoku, kuyaqondwa ukuba ngumxube weziqalo zabantu neentaka. Ngoko ke, isifo asinanto yokwenza nokusebenzisa ihagu okanye iimveliso zehagu. Ngoku kubhekiswa nje kuso njengomkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele okanye ngegama lawo elisesikweni elikhethiweyo, i-A (H1N1) 2009.
Ukusuka kuTshazimpuzi walo nyaka intsholongwane isasazeke ngokukhawuleza kumazwe ali-166 kwilizwe jikelele. E-Afrika, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isasazeke kumazwe ali-16. Ngeli xesha lokubhala le leta, intsholongwane ihlasele abantu abali-177 457 (kuqinisekisiwe elebhu) ne-1 457 esele liqinisekisiwe ukuba liswelekile.
Namhla eMzantsi Afrika, siqinisekise izehlo ezingama-2 844 nesithandathu sabaswelekileyo.
Emva kwentlanganiso yesine yeKomiti kaXakeka ebibanjwe ngomhla we-11 kweyeSilimela 2009, uMbutho weHlabathi wezeMpilo (i-WHO) ugqibe kwelithi indlela yesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele kuhlangatyezwene nayo kwaye uMlawuli-Jikelele, uGqirha Margaret Chan, wasibhengeza isifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele (inqanaba lesi-6). Oku nje kuthetha ukuba isifo besihamba emazweni kwizithili nonke ze-WHO kwaye sasisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo ndinqwenela ukugxininisa ukuba ukubhengezwa kwesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele akuthethi kuthi isifo siyabulala. Kuthetha nje ukuba sisasazeka kulo lonke.
Ngomhla wesi-6 kweyeKhala, i-WHO icacise ukusasazeka kwesifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele kumazwe ahlaselweyo nakumazwe amatsha njengokuqhelekileyo nokungenakunqandwa. Ngethamsanqa noxa, oku kunganjalo, baqaphela ukuba abona bantu baninzi abasulelwa yintsholongwane bayakuba nenkqubo ezolileyo. Kodwa ke, njengamagosa ezempilo, kwilizwe jikelele nalapha ekhaya, sisaxhalabile koku kusweleka ekungoku sele kwenzekile (kwilizwe jikelele ngu-0,8% ize eMzantsi Afrika ibe ngu-0,2% wabantu abahlaselweyo). Ikakhulu intsholongwane yosulela abantu abakubudala beminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-29 - uninzi lwaba bantu basezikolweni okanye kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
I-WHO icebise ukuba amazwe mawagxile ekudambiseni impembelelo yesifo kwiindawo zoluntu. Ekwenzeni oku, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo ngundoqo.
Isifo sisasazeka ngamathontsi okosuleleka (oko kukuthi xa umntu owosulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, uze uphefumle umoya othimlelweyo okanye okhohlelelweyo; nokuba bakhohlelela phantsi uze uphefumle umoya okwalapho usengasuleleka).
ukuziva ungaphilanga nje wonke.
Uninzi oloyikisayo lwabantu kwilizwe ngokubanzi luneempawu ezizolileyo kwaye aluyi kufuna nkathalelo yonyango ekhethekileyo.
utyatyazo neempawu zokoma.
ukozela okukhulu nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Namphi umntu oneempawu eziphakathi okanye ezinkulu makafune kwaye azuze ukujongwa ngokwezonyango okukhawulezileyo.
Uvavanyo olusesikweni lwenziwa liZiko leSizwe lweZifo ezoSulelayo, elime eGoli laze lahlwayelwa kutshanje eNtshona Koloni. Ukuvavanya kwenziwa ngengcebiso kagqirha. Izigulane ezifuna inkathalelo kwinkqubo karhulumente yempulo mabangaceli uvavanyo lwaselebhu. Siqaphela ukuba ngoku oku yinto ekhoyo kwicandelo labucala lezempilo kodwa akucetyiswa yi-WHO. Oogqirha mabanyange iimeko ezikrokrelekayo malunga neeprothokholi ezinikwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Unyango olukhethiweyo liyeza lokunyanga nokuthintela umkhuhlane ekuthwa yiTamiflu.
mpawu ezizolileyo kwiindidi zomngcipheko ezithile njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla.
Unyango lwesininzi ngeTamiflu kuyakukhokelela kuxhathiso lwesininzi kwiyeza balinike ngokungeloncedo nakwabo bantu engabubomi kubo.
Amava elizwe lonke abonise ukuba ukuvalwa kwezikolo namaziko emfundela ephakamileyo, iindawo zokuthenga neendawo zokusebenza ebezingasebenzi ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesifo. Endaweni yoko, abangele olukhulu uphazamiseko loluntu.
Sicebisa ukuba namphi umfundi, umhlohli okanye umsebenzi oneempawu ezizolileyo ahlale ekhaya. Ukuba baninzi abafundi kunye/ okanye abahlohli abahleliyo ngoko iziko elihlaselweyo malibonane neSebe leMfundo esiSiseko, neyakuthi yona neziphathamandla zempilo ziyakucebisa ngenyathelo elimele ukuthathwa.
ukuba uva iimpawu ezizolileyo, hlala ekhaya uze unqande ukubonana nabanye abantu.
Ndinqwenela ukukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into yenziwe ziinzululwazi kwilizwe lonke, zisebenzisana ne-WHO ukuzama kunye nokuvelisa ugonyo. Ukuba izinto zihamba kakuhle, ugonyo olunjalo lungakho kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kuqheleke imfuno eyoyikisayo yogonyo ngamagunya okuvelisa ambalwa - akukho gunya lise-Afrika.
Ndiyabulela ngokuthatha ixesha uzifundele le leta, kwaye ndikubulele ngokulindeleka kokubandakanyeka kwakho ekudluliseni nasekudambiseni iziphumo zesi sifo.
<fn>GCIS. HealthleafletIsixhosa.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
Igama elisesikweni ngokwenzululwazi lesi sifo ngubhubhane womkhuhlane i-A (H1N1) 2009. Uqale eMexico naseMelika ngoTshazimpunzi kulo nyaka. Kuqala yayisaziwa njengomkhuhlane weehagu kuba kwakucingwa ukuba uvela ezihagwini. Ngoku, kuyaqondakala ukuba ngumxube wemvelaphi yabantu neentaka. Ngoko ke, isifo asinanto yokwenza nokusebenzisa ihagu okanye iimveliso zehagu. Ngoku kubhekiswa nje kuso njengobhubhane womkhuhlane okanye ngegama lawo elisesikweni elikhethiweyo, i-A (H1N1) 2009.
Ukusuka kuTshazimpuzi kulo nyaka intsholongwane isasazeke ngokukhawuleza kumazwe ali-166 ehlabathini jikelele. E-Afrika, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isasazeke kumazwe ali-16 kuphela. Ngeli xesha lokubhala, elizweni lethu sibe nosululeko olungaphezulu kwama-3 000.
Emva kwentlanganiso yesine yeKomiti kaXakeka ebibanjwe ngomhla we-11 kweyeSilimela 2009, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) ugqibe kwelithi indlela kabhubhane kwihlabathi jikelele kuhlangatyezwene nayo kwaye uMlawuli-Jikelele, uGqirha Margaret Chan, wasibhengeza ubhubhane (wenqanaba lesi-6). Oku ngokuphandle kuthetha ukuba esi sifo sisasazeke emazweni ayo yonke imimandla yoMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi kwaye sisasazeke ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo ndinqwenela ukugxininisa ukuba ukubhengezwa kwesifo njengobhubhane akuthethi ukuba isifo siyabulala. Ngokuphandle oku kuthetha ukuba sisasazeka kulo lonke elimiweyo.
Ngomhla wesi-6 kweyeKhala, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ucacise ukusasazeka kwalo bhubhane phakathi kwamazwe ahlaselweyo nakumazwe amatsha akuthinteleki kwaye akunqandeki. Ngethamsanqa noxa, oku kunokuba njalo, baqaphela ukuba abona bantu baninzi bosulelwa yintsholongwane bayakuba neempawu ezizolileyo. Kodwa ke, njengamagosa ezempilo, ehlabathini jikelele nalapha ekhaya, sisaxhalabile koku kusweleka ekungoku sele kwenzekile (kwihlabathi jikelele ngu-0,8% ize eMzantsi Afrika ibe ngu-0,1% kubantu abahlaselweyo). Ikakhulu intsholongwane yosulela abantu abakubudala beminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-29 - uninzi lwaba bantu basezikolweni okanye kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
UMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ucebise ukuba amazwe mawagxile ekudambiseni impembelelo yesi sifo kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni. Ekwenzeni oku, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo ngundoqo.
Esi sifo sisasazeka ngamathontsi okosuleleka (oko kukuthi, xa umntu owosulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, uze uphefumle umoya othimlelweyo okanye okhohlelelweyo. Nkqu nokuba bakhohlelela phantsi uze uphefumle umoya okwalapho usengosuleleka).
ukuziva ungaphilanga nje wonke.
Uninzi lwabantu kwihlabathi ngokubanzi luneempawu ezizolileyo kwaye aluyi kufuna nkathalelo yonyango ikhethekileyo. Kungoko ke, abantu abaneempawu ezizolileyo kufanele ukuba bathathwe nje ngabaneempawu eziqhelekileyo zomkhuhlane.
abantu abanesifo seswekile.
utyatyazo neempawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi.
ukozela okukhulu nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Nawuphi na umntu oneempawu eziphakathi okanye ezibukhali makafune aze afumane ukujongwa okukhawulezileyo kwezonyango.
Uvavanyo olusesikweni lwenziwa liZiko leSizwe leZifo ezoSulelayo, elime eGauteng laze lanatyiselwa kutshanje eNtshona Koloni. Uvavanyo kwenziwa ngokweengcebiso zikagqirha. Izigulane ezifuna ulolongo lwezempulo mazingaluceli ngokwazo uvavanyo lwaselebhu - ngoogqirha bazo amabathathe isigqibo.
Siqaphela ukuba kukho uvavanyo olwenziwa ngobuninzi kwicandelo labucala lezempilo kodwa uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi awukukhuthazi oko. Oogqirha mabanyange iimeko ezikrokrelekayo ngokwesicwangciso esinikezelwe liSebe lezeMpilo lesizwe.
Unyango olukhethiweyo liyeza lokunyanga nokuthintela umkhuhlane ekuthwa yiTamiflu.
Unyango olwenziwa ngobuninzi ngeTamiflu luyakukhokelela ekuxhathiseni okwenzeka ngobuninzi kwichiza lize lingabilulo uncedo nakwabo bantu belingabubomi kubo.
Amava kwihlabathi lonke abonise ukuba ukuvalwa kwezikolo namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, nodederhu lweendawo zokuthenga neendawo zokusebenza khange kusebeze ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesi sifo. Endaweni yoko, kubangele ukuphazamiseka kwentlalo yoluntu okubukhali.
Sicebisa ukuba nawuphi na umfundi, utitshala okanye umsebenzi oneempawu ezizolileyo makahlale ekhaya. Ukuba baninzi abafundi kunye/ okanye ootitshala abahleliyo, ngoko ke iziko elichaphazelekayo malibonane neSebe lezeMfundo, neliyakuthi lona neziphathamandla zezempilo acebise ngenyathelo elimele ukuthathwa.
ukuba ngaba uva iimpawu ezizolileyo, hlala ekhaya uze ukuthintele ukudibana nabanye abantu.
Ndinqwenela ukuniqinisekisa ukuba yonke into iyenziwa ziinzululwazi kwihlabathi lonke, zisebenzisana noMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ukuzama ukuvelisa ugonyo. Ukuba ngaba izinto zihamba kakuhle, ugonyo olunjalo lungakho kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.
Ndiyanibulela ngokuzipha kwenu ixesha lokufunda lomyalezo, kwakhona ndikwanqwenela ukunibulela kwangaphambili ngokokubandakanyeka kwenu ekudluliseni nasekudambiseni iziphumo zesi sifo.
<fn>GCIS. Inaugurationleaflet.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
Masibhiyozeleni ukubekwa esikhundleni koMongameli omtsha welizwe!
Izigidi zabemi boMzantsi Afrika zithabathe inxaxheba kunyulo jikelele ngowama- 22 kweyoKwindla 2009. Ngokuvota, abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bathabathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi yokonyula uMongameli omtsha welizwe. Njengokuba ngoku sizazi iziphumo zonyulo, lixesha ke lokuba uMongameli omtsha waseMzantsi Afrika abekwe.
Yintoni ukubekwa esikhundleni?
Ukubeka esikhundleni ngumsitho osemthethweni ophawula ukuqala kwexesha le-ofisi lorhulumente omtsha. Ngolu suku, uMongameli omtsha ufungiswa yiJaji eyiNtloko yoMzantsi Afrika. Iintloko zamazwe, noorhulumente kunye nabameli boorhulumente abavela kwamanye amazwe bayeza kulo msitho ubalulekileyo. Kukwakho nomculo, imisebenzi yenkcubeko kunye neminye imisebenzi kumsitho wokubhiyozela usuku.
Luza kuba nini ubeko sikhundleni?
Kulo nyaka, ubeko sikhundleni luza kuba ngoMgqibelo, 9 kaTshazimpuzi 2009, ukusukela ngeye-11:00 kwi-Union Buildings ePitoli.
Kutheni lubalulekile nje olu suku?
Ngolu suku, sibhiyozela impumelelo yedemokhrasi yelizwe lethu kunye namalungelo namathuba esiwonwabelayo ngoku kuMzantsi Afrika onedemokhrasi, ongenabuhlanga nongachasananga nobuni. Lusuku esinokumanyana ngalo njengesizwe ekubeni siqhube uMzantsi Afrika esinokuba nebhongo ngawo.
Ungaba yinxenye yobeko sikhundle ni njani?
Izikhululo zoomabonakude kunye nezoonomathotholo ziyakulusasaza ngqo ubeko sikhundleni ngomhla we-9 kaTshazimpuzi 2009 - zivule!
Kukwakho nemisitho elungiselelweyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwilizwe xa lilonke - yiba yinxenye yayo!
Ngeenkcukacha zemisitho ekummandla wakho, tsalela umnxeba ku-1020 (inombolo yasimahla kumnxeba wasendlini).
Sisebenza ngokuDibeneyo ekuPhuculeni uBomi boLuntu!
<fn>GCIS. KeyMessagesPublicParticipationWeek.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
IVeki yokuThatha iNxaxheba koLuntu liqonga lokomeleza uthetha thethwano nokudibana kukarhulumente nabantu. Eli qonga likwanika urhulumente ithuba lokuba athethe ngeNkqubo yakhe yeMisebenzi nenkqubela eyenzekayo. Ikhuthaza ukuthatha inxaxheba nobudlelwane phakathi koluntu norhulumente.
IVeki yokuThatha iNxaxheba koLuntu inika urhulumente ithuba lokudibana nabahlali, ukuze aphendule acacise ngokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yemisebenzi.
Ukudibana okuthe ngqo phakathi kwamazinga omathathu karhulumente (elesizwe, elamaphondo neloorhulumente basekhaya) noluntu kungqina ukunxulumana kukarhulumente nabantu bakhe.
Kuyo le veki abahlali norhulumente bayakudibana kumaqonga asekiweyo afana neekomiti zewadi, neentlanganiso zamacandelo ukuphakamisa imicelimngeni nokwabelana ngezisombululo.
Ukugxininisa kuza kujolisa ekungqineni ngokutsha ukuba abahlali bayinxalenye yabadali bezisombululo, ngenkxaso yokubandakanyeka kukarhulumente osebenzayo.
Umnxeba ongavalwayo kaMongameli ukwavelise amanyathelo ongezelelweyo okomeleza iingxoxo phakathi kukarhulumente noluntu, nokukhawulezisa ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo.
Sihlangabezana nemicelimngeni esele ibonakele kwezinye iindibano okanye uphando.
Sesenze inkqubela encomekayo kule minyaka ili-15 idlulileyo yenkululeko, kodwa imicelimngeni emininzi isaqhubekeka.
Inani lemizi efumana amanzi liye landa ukusuka kuma-61.7% ngowe-1994 ukuya kuma-91.8% kweyoKwindla yowama-2009, kusekuninzi ekusafanele kwenziwe ukwandisa iinkonzo ukuze zifikelele nakwabo bantu bayintsalela.
Sisondele ekufikeleleni kwinjongo yethu yokuncothula inkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwamabhakethi kwiindawo zokuhlala ezisesikweni, ixesha elibekiweyo lokufikelela koku kumntu wonke ngowama-2014.
Sisaxhalabile lizinga eliphezulu lokungabikho kwemisebenzi, ubuhlwempu, inkathalelo yezempilo engonelanga nokunqongophala kophuhliso, ingakumbi emaphandleni nasematyotyombeni.
Masisebenzise la maqonga ukudibana nabameli boluntu ukuze sithintele ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto eziluncedo kunye namaziko oncedo ajoliswe ukuba abeluncedo eluntwini.
Sixhalabile ziinkonzo ezicothayo abathenjiswe ngazo abahlali; siyayazi ukuba xa sisebenzisana kubehlulelani bobuchule singenza ngcono nangokukhawuleza.
<fn>GCIS. LetterToEducators.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
ukucela uncedo lwakho nokubandakanyeka kwakho buqu noko kwe-ofisi yakho ephezulu ekudluliseni ngokusebenzayo imiyalezo engundoqo ngoMkhuhlane-A (i-H1N1) 2009 kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Igama elisesikweni ngokwenzululwazi lesi sifo ngumkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele-A (i-H1N1) 2009. Uqale eMixico naseMerika ngo-Epreli kulo nyaka. Kuqala yayisaziwa njengomkhuhlane weehagu kuba kwakucingwa ukuba ivela ezihagwini. Ngoku, kuyaqondwa ukuba ngumxube weziqalo zabantu neentaka. Ngoko ke, isifo asinanto yokwenza nokusebenzisa ihagu okanye iimvekiso zehagu. Ngoku kubhekiswa nje kuso njengomkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele okanye ngegama lawo elisesikweni elikhethiweyo, i-A (H1N1) 2009.
Ukusuka ngo-Epreli walo nyaka intsholongwane isasazeke ngokukhawuleza kumazwe ali-166 kwilizwe jikelele. E-Afrika, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isasazeke kumazwe ali-16. Ngeli xesha lokubhala le leta, intsholongwane ihlasele abantu abali-177 457 (kuqinisekisile elebhu) ne-1 457 esele liqinisekisiwe ukuba liswelekile.
Namhla eMzantsi Afrika, siqinisekise izihlo ezingama-2 844 nesithandathu sabaswelekileyo.
Emva kwentlanganiso yesine yeKomiti kaXakeka ebibanjwe ngomhla we-11 kuJuni ka-2009, uMbutho weHlabathi wezeMpilo (i-WHO) ugqibe kwelithi indlela yesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele kuhlangatyezwene nayo kwaye uMlawuli-Jikelele, uGqirha Margaret Chan, wasibhengeza isifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele (inqanaba lesi-6). Oku nje kuthetha ukuba isifo besihamba emazweni kwizithili nonke ze-WHO kwaye sasisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo ndinqwenela ukugxininisa ukuba ukubhengezwa kwesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele akuthethi kuthi isifo siyabulala. Kuthetha nje ukuba sisasazeka kulo lonke.
Ngomhla wesi-6 kuJulayi, i-WHO icacise ukusasazeka kwesifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele kumazwe ahlaselweyo nakumazwe amatsha njengokuqhelekileyo nokungenakunqandwa. Ngethamsanqa noxa, oku kunganjalo, baqaphela ukuba abona bantu baninzi abasulelwa yintsholongwane bayakuba nenkqubo ezolileyo. Kodwa ke, njengamagosa ezempilo, kwilizwe jikelele nalapha ekhaya, sisaxhalabile koku kusweleka ekungoku sele kwenzekile (kwilizwe jikelele ngu-0,8% ize eMzantsi Afrika ibe ngu-0,2% wabantu abahlaselweyo). Ikakhulu intsholongwane yosulela abantu abakubudala beminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-29 - uninzi lwaba bantu basezikolweni okanye kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
I-WHO icebise ukuba amazwe mawagxile ekudambiseni impembelelo yesifo kwiindawo zoluntu. Ekwenzeni oku, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo ngundoqo.
Isifo sisasazeka ngamathontsi okosuleleka (oko kukuthi xa umntu owosulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, uze uphefumle umoya othimlelweyo okanye okhohlelelweyo; nokuba bakhohlelela phantsi uze uphefumle umoya okwalapho usengasuleleka).
ukuziva ungaphilanga nje wonke.
Uninzi oloyikisayo lwabantu kwilizwe ngokubanzi luneempawu ezizolileyo kwaye aluyi kufuna nkathalelo yonyango ekhethekileyo.
utyatyazo neempawu zokoma.
ukozela okukhulu nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Namphi umntu oneempawu eziphakathi okanye ezinkulu makafune kwaye azuze ukujongwa ngokwezonyango okukhawulezileyo.
Uvavanyo olusesikweni lwenziwa liZiko leSizwe lweZifo ezoSulelayo, elime eGoli laze lahlwayelwa kutshanje eNtshona Koloni. Ukuvavanya kwenziwa ngengcebiso kagqirha. Izigulane ezifuna inkathalelo kwinkqubo karhulumente yempulo mabangaceli uvavanyo lwaselebhu. Siqaphela ukuba ngoku oku yinto ekhoyo kwicandelo labucala lezempilo kodwa akucetyiswa yi-WHO. Oogqirha mabanyange iimeko ezikrokrelekayo malunga neeprothokholi ezinikwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Unyango olukhethiweyo liyeza lokunyanga nokuthintela umkhuhlane ekuthwa yiTamiflu.
mpawu ezizolileyo kwiindidi zomngcipheko ezithile njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla.
Unyango lwesininzi ngeTamiflu kuyakukhokelela kuxhathiso lwesininzi kwiyeza balinike ngokungeloncedo nakwabo bantu engabubomi kubo.
EMzantsi Afrika, sinamathamo ali-100 000 eTamiflu kumayeza akhoyo kwicandelo likarhulumente. Oku kuyakukhusela i-0,1% yenani labemi. Amazwe asentshona anamayeza akhoyo alungiselelwe i-1% yenani labemi.
Amava elizwe lonke abonise ukuba ukuvalwa kwezikolo namaziko emfundela ephakamileyo, iindawo zokuthenga neendawo zokusebenza ebezingasebenzi ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesifo. Endaweni yoko, abangele olukhulu uphazamiseko loluntu.
Sicebisa ukuba namphi umfundi, umhlohli okanye umsebenzi oneempawu ezizolileyo ahlale ekhaya. Ukuba baninzi abafundi kunye/ okanye abahlohli abahleliyo ngoko iziko elihlaselweyo malibonane neSebe leMfundo esiSiseko, neyakuthi yona neziphathamandla zempilo ziyakucebisa ngenyathelo elimele ukuthathwa.
ukuba uva iimpawu ezizolileyo, hlala ekhaya uze unqande ukubonana nabanye abantu.
Ndinqwenela ukukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into yenziwe ziinzululwazi kwilizwe lonke, zisebenzisana ne-WHO ukuzama kunye nokuvelisa ugonyo. Ukuba izinto zihamba kakuhle, ugonyo olunjalo lungakho kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kuqheleke imfuno eyoyikisayo yogonyo ngamagunya okuvelisa ambalwa - akukho gunya lise-Afrika.
Ndiyabulela ngokuthatha ixesha uzifundele le leta, kwaye ndikubulele ngokulindeleka kokubandakanyeka kwakho ekudluliseni nasekudambiseni iziphumo zesi sifo.
<fn>GCIS. LetterToNgos.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
ukucela uncedo lwakho nokubandakanyeka kwakho buqu noko kwe-ofisi yakho ephezulu ekudluliseni ngokusebenzayo imiyalezo engundoqo ngoMkhuhlane-A (i-H1N1) 2009 kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Igama elisesikweni ngokwenzululwazi lesi sifo ngumkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele-A (i-H1N1) 2009. Uqale eMixico naseMerika ngo-Epreli kulo nyaka. Kuqala yayisaziwa njengomkhuhlane weehagu kuba kwakucingwa ukuba ivela ezihagwini. Ngoku, kuyaqondwa ukuba ngumxube weziqalo zabantu neentaka. Ngoko ke, isifo asinanto yokwenza nokusebenzisa ihagu okanye iimvekiso zehagu. Ngoku kubhekiswa nje kuso njengomkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele okanye ngegama lawo elisesikweni elikhethiweyo, i-A (H1N1) 2009.
Ukusuka ngo-Epreli walo nyaka intsholongwane isasazeke ngokukhawuleza kumazwe ali-166 kwilizwe jikelele. E-Afrika, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isasazeke kumazwe ali-16. Ngeli xesha lokubhala le leta, intsholongwane ihlasele abantu abali-177 457 (kuqinisekisile elebhu) ne-1 457 esele liqinisekisiwe ukuba liswelekile.
Namhla eMzantsi Afrika, siqinisekise izihlo ezingama-2 844 nesithandathu sabaswelekileyo.
Emva kwentlanganiso yesine yeKomiti kaXakeka ebibanjwe ngomhla we-11 kuJuni ka-2009, uMbutho weHlabathi wezeMpilo (i-WHO) ugqibe kwelithi indlela yesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele kuhlangatyezwene nayo kwaye uMlawuli-Jikelele, uGqirha Margaret Chan, wasibhengeza isifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele (inqanaba lesi-6). Oku nje kuthetha ukuba isifo besihamba emazweni kwizithili nonke ze-WHO kwaye sasisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo ndinqwenela ukugxininisa ukuba ukubhengezwa kwesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele akuthethi kuthi isifo siyabulala. Kuthetha nje ukuba sisasazeka kulo lonke.
Ngomhla wesi-6 kuJulayi, i-WHO icacise ukusasazeka kwesifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele kumazwe ahlaselweyo nakumazwe amatsha njengokuqhelekileyo nokungenakunqandwa. Ngethamsanqa noxa, oku kunganjalo, baqaphela ukuba abona bantu baninzi abasulelwa yintsholongwane bayakuba nenkqubo ezolileyo. Kodwa ke, njengamagosa ezempilo, kwilizwe jikelele nalapha ekhaya, sisaxhalabile koku kusweleka ekungoku sele kwenzekile (kwilizwe jikelele ngu-0,8% ize eMzantsi Afrika ibe ngu-0,2% wabantu abahlaselweyo). Ikakhulu intsholongwane yosulela abantu abakubudala beminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-29 - uninzi lwaba bantu basezikolweni okanye kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
I-WHO icebise ukuba amazwe mawagxile ekudambiseni impembelelo yesifo kwiindawo zoluntu. Ekwenzeni oku, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo ngundoqo.
Isifo sisasazeka ngamathontsi okosuleleka (oko kukuthi xa umntu owosulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, uze uphefumle umoya othimlelweyo okanye okhohlelelweyo; nokuba bakhohlelela phantsi uze uphefumle umoya okwalapho usengasuleleka).
ukuziva ungaphilanga nje wonke.
Uninzi oloyikisayo lwabantu kwilizwe ngokubanzi luneempawu ezizolileyo kwaye aluyi kufuna nkathalelo yonyango ekhethekileyo.
utyatyazo neempawu zokoma.
ukozela okukhulu nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Namphi umntu oneempawu eziphakathi okanye ezinkulu makafune kwaye azuze ukujongwa ngokwezonyango okukhawulezileyo.
Uvavanyo olusesikweni lwenziwa liZiko leSizwe lweZifo ezoSulelayo, elime eGoli laze lahlwayelwa kutshanje eNtshona Koloni. Ukuvavanya kwenziwa ngengcebiso kagqirha. Izigulane ezifuna inkathalelo kwinkqubo karhulumente yempulo mabangaceli uvavanyo lwaselebhu. Siqaphela ukuba ngoku oku yinto ekhoyo kwicandelo labucala lezempilo kodwa akucetyiswa yi-WHO. Oogqirha mabanyange iimeko ezikrokrelekayo malunga neeprothokholi ezinikwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Unyango olukhethiweyo liyeza lokunyanga nokuthintela umkhuhlane ekuthwa yiTamiflu.
mpawu ezizolileyo kwiindidi zomngcipheko ezithile njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla.
Unyango lwesininzi ngeTamiflu kuyakukhokelela kuxhathiso lwesininzi kwiyeza balinike ngokungeloncedo nakwabo bantu engabubomi kubo.
EMzantsi Afrika, sinamathamo ali-100 000 eTamiflu kumayeza akhoyo kwicandelo likarhulumente. Oku kuyakukhusela i-0,1% yenani labemi. Amazwe asentshona anamayeza akhoyo alungiselelwe i-1% yenani labemi.
Amava elizwe lonke abonise ukuba ukuvalwa kwezikolo namaziko emfundela ephakamileyo, iindawo zokuthenga neendawo zokusebenza ebezingasebenzi ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesifo. Endaweni yoko, abangele olukhulu uphazamiseko loluntu.
Sicebisa ukuba namphi umfundi, umhlohli okanye umsebenzi oneempawu ezizolileyo ahlale ekhaya. Ukuba baninzi abafundi kunye/ okanye abahlohli abahleliyo ngoko iziko elihlaselweyo malibonane neSebe leMfundo esiSiseko, neyakuthi yona neziphathamandla zempilo ziyakucebisa ngenyathelo elimele ukuthathwa.
ukuba uva iimpawu ezizolileyo, hlala ekhaya uze unqande ukubonana nabanye abantu.
Ndinqwenela ukukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into yenziwe ziinzululwazi kwilizwe lonke, zisebenzisana ne-WHO ukuzama kunye nokuvelisa ugonyo. Ukuba izinto zihamba kakuhle, ugonyo olunjalo lungakho kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kuqheleke imfuno eyoyikisayo yogonyo ngamagunya okuvelisa ambalwa - akukho gunya lise-Afrika.
Ndiyabulela ngokuthatha ixesha uzifundele le leta, kwaye ndikubulele ngokulindeleka kokubandakanyeka kwakho ekudluliseni nasekudambiseni iziphumo zesi sifo.
<fn>GCIS. LetterToOrganisedLabour.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
ukucela uncedo lwakho nokubandakanyeka kwakho buqu noko kwe-ofisi yakho ephezulu ekudluliseni ngokusebenzayo imiyalezo engundoqo ngoMkhuhlane-A (i-H1N1) 2009 kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Igama elisesikweni ngokwenzululwazi lesi sifo ngumkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele-A (i-H1N1) 2009. Uqale eMixico naseMerika ngo-Epreli kulo nyaka. Kuqala yayisaziwa njengomkhuhlane weehagu kuba kwakucingwa ukuba ivela ezihagwini. Ngoku, kuyaqondwa ukuba ngumxube weziqalo zabantu neentaka. Ngoko ke, isifo asinanto yokwenza nokusebenzisa ihagu okanye iimvekiso zehagu. Ngoku kubhekiswa nje kuso njengomkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele okanye ngegama lawo elisesikweni elikhethiweyo, i-A (H1N1) 2009.
Ukusuka ngo-Epreli walo nyaka intsholongwane isasazeke ngokukhawuleza kumazwe ali-166 kwilizwe jikelele. E-Afrika, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isasazeke kumazwe ali-16. Ngeli xesha lokubhala le leta, intsholongwane ihlasele abantu abali-177 457 (kuqinisekisile elebhu) ne-1 457 esele liqinisekisiwe ukuba liswelekile.
Namhla eMzantsi Afrika, siqinisekise izihlo ezingama-2 844 nesithandathu sabaswelekileyo.
Emva kwentlanganiso yesine yeKomiti kaXakeka ebibanjwe ngomhla we-11 kuJuni ka-2009, uMbutho weHlabathi wezeMpilo (i-WHO) ugqibe kwelithi indlela yesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele kuhlangatyezwene nayo kwaye uMlawuli-Jikelele, uGqirha Margaret Chan, wasibhengeza isifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele (inqanaba lesi-6). Oku nje kuthetha ukuba isifo besihamba emazweni kwizithili nonke ze-WHO kwaye sasisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo ndinqwenela ukugxininisa ukuba ukubhengezwa kwesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele akuthethi kuthi isifo siyabulala. Kuthetha nje ukuba sisasazeka kulo lonke.
Ngomhla wesi-6 kuJulayi, i-WHO icacise ukusasazeka kwesifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele kumazwe ahlaselweyo nakumazwe amatsha njengokuqhelekileyo nokungenakunqandwa. Ngethamsanqa noxa, oku kunganjalo, baqaphela ukuba abona bantu baninzi abasulelwa yintsholongwane bayakuba nenkqubo ezolileyo. Kodwa ke, njengamagosa ezempilo, kwilizwe jikelele nalapha ekhaya, sisaxhalabile koku kusweleka ekungoku sele kwenzekile (kwilizwe jikelele ngu-0,8% ize eMzantsi Afrika ibe ngu-0,2% wabantu abahlaselweyo). Ikakhulu intsholongwane yosulela abantu abakubudala beminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-29 - uninzi lwaba bantu basezikolweni okanye kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
I-WHO icebise ukuba amazwe mawagxile ekudambiseni impembelelo yesifo kwiindawo zoluntu. Ekwenzeni oku, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo ngundoqo.
Isifo sisasazeka ngamathontsi okosuleleka (oko kukuthi xa umntu owosulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, uze uphefumle umoya othimlelweyo okanye okhohlelelweyo; nokuba bakhohlelela phantsi uze uphefumle umoya okwalapho usengasuleleka).
ukuziva ungaphilanga nje wonke.
Uninzi oloyikisayo lwabantu kwilizwe ngokubanzi luneempawu ezizolileyo kwaye aluyi kufuna nkathalelo yonyango ekhethekileyo.
utyatyazo neempawu zokoma.
ukozela okukhulu nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Namphi umntu oneempawu eziphakathi okanye ezinkulu makafune kwaye azuze ukujongwa ngokwezonyango okukhawulezileyo.
Uvavanyo olusesikweni lwenziwa liZiko leSizwe lweZifo ezoSulelayo, elime eGoli laze lahlwayelwa kutshanje eNtshona Koloni. Ukuvavanya kwenziwa ngengcebiso kagqirha. Izigulane ezifuna inkathalelo kwinkqubo karhulumente yempulo mabangaceli uvavanyo lwaselebhu. Siqaphela ukuba ngoku oku yinto ekhoyo kwicandelo labucala lezempilo kodwa akucetyiswa yi-WHO. Oogqirha mabanyange iimeko ezikrokrelekayo malunga neeprothokholi ezinikwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Unyango olukhethiweyo liyeza lokunyanga nokuthintela umkhuhlane ekuthwa yiTamiflu.
mpawu ezizolileyo kwiindidi zomngcipheko ezithile njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla.
Unyango lwesininzi ngeTamiflu kuyakukhokelela kuxhathiso lwesininzi kwiyeza balinike ngokungeloncedo nakwabo bantu engabubomi kubo.
EMzantsi Afrika, sinamathamo ali-100 000 eTamiflu kumayeza akhoyo kwicandelo likarhulumente. Oku kuyakukhusela i-0,1% yenani labemi. Amazwe asentshona anamayeza akhoyo alungiselelwe i-1% yenani labemi.
Amava elizwe lonke abonise ukuba ukuvalwa kwezikolo namaziko emfundela ephakamileyo, iindawo zokuthenga neendawo zokusebenza ebezingasebenzi ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesifo. Endaweni yoko, abangele olukhulu uphazamiseko loluntu.
Sicebisa ukuba namphi umfundi, umhlohli okanye umsebenzi oneempawu ezizolileyo ahlale ekhaya. Ukuba baninzi abafundi kunye/ okanye abahlohli abahleliyo ngoko iziko elihlaselweyo malibonane neSebe leMfundo esiSiseko, neyakuthi yona neziphathamandla zempilo ziyakucebisa ngenyathelo elimele ukuthathwa.
ukuba uva iimpawu ezizolileyo, hlala ekhaya uze unqande ukubonana nabanye abantu.
Ndinqwenela ukukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into yenziwe ziinzululwazi kwilizwe lonke, zisebenzisana ne-WHO ukuzama kunye nokuvelisa ugonyo. Ukuba izinto zihamba kakuhle, ugonyo olunjalo lungakho kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kuqheleke imfuno eyoyikisayo yogonyo ngamagunya okuvelisa ambalwa - akukho gunya lise-Afrika.
Ndiyabulela ngokuthatha ixesha uzifundele le leta, kwaye ndikubulele ngokulindeleka kokubandakanyeka kwakho ekudluliseni nasekudambiseni iziphumo zesi sifo.
<fn>GCIS. LetterToReligiousLeaders.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
ukucela uncedo lwakho nokubandakanyeka kwakho buqu noko kwe-ofisi yakho ephezulu ekudluliseni ngokusebenzayo imiyalezo engundoqo ngoMkhuhlane-A (i-H1N1) 2009 kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Igama elisesikweni ngokwenzululwazi lesi sifo ngumkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele-A (i-H1N1) 2009. Uqale eMixico naseMerika ngo-Epreli kulo nyaka. Kuqala yayisaziwa njengomkhuhlane weehagu kuba kwakucingwa ukuba ivela ezihagwini. Ngoku, kuyaqondwa ukuba ngumxube weziqalo zabantu neentaka. Ngoko ke, isifo asinanto yokwenza nokusebenzisa ihagu okanye iimvekiso zehagu. Ngoku kubhekiswa nje kuso njengomkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele okanye ngegama lawo elisesikweni elikhethiweyo, i-A (H1N1) 2009.
Ukusuka ngo-Epreli walo nyaka intsholongwane isasazeke ngokukhawuleza kumazwe ali-166 kwilizwe jikelele. E-Afrika, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isasazeke kumazwe ali-16. Ngeli xesha lokubhala le leta, intsholongwane ihlasele abantu abali-177 457 (kuqinisekisile elebhu) ne-1 457 esele liqinisekisiwe ukuba liswelekile.
Namhla eMzantsi Afrika, siqinisekise izihlo ezingama-2 844 nesithandathu sabaswelekileyo.
Emva kwentlanganiso yesine yeKomiti kaXakeka ebibanjwe ngomhla we-11 kuJuni ka-2009, uMbutho weHlabathi wezeMpilo (i-WHO) ugqibe kwelithi indlela yesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele kuhlangatyezwene nayo kwaye uMlawuli-Jikelele, uGqirha Margaret Chan, wasibhengeza isifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele (inqanaba lesi-6). Oku nje kuthetha ukuba isifo besihamba emazweni kwizithili nonke ze-WHO kwaye sasisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo ndinqwenela ukugxininisa ukuba ukubhengezwa kwesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele akuthethi kuthi isifo siyabulala. Kuthetha nje ukuba sisasazeka kulo lonke.
Ngomhla wesi-6 kuJulayi, i-WHO icacise ukusasazeka kwesifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele kumazwe ahlaselweyo nakumazwe amatsha njengokuqhelekileyo nokungenakunqandwa. Ngethamsanqa noxa, oku kunganjalo, baqaphela ukuba abona bantu baninzi abasulelwa yintsholongwane bayakuba nenkqubo ezolileyo. Kodwa ke, njengamagosa ezempilo, kwilizwe jikelele nalapha ekhaya, sisaxhalabile koku kusweleka ekungoku sele kwenzekile (kwilizwe jikelele ngu-0,8% ize eMzantsi Afrika ibe ngu-0,2% wabantu abahlaselweyo). Ikakhulu intsholongwane yosulela abantu abakubudala beminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-29 - uninzi lwaba bantu basezikolweni okanye kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
I-WHO icebise ukuba amazwe mawagxile ekudambiseni impembelelo yesifo kwiindawo zoluntu. Ekwenzeni oku, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo ngundoqo.
Isifo sisasazeka ngamathontsi okosuleleka (oko kukuthi xa umntu owosulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, uze uphefumle umoya othimlelweyo okanye okhohlelelweyo; nokuba bakhohlelela phantsi uze uphefumle umoya okwalapho usengasuleleka).
ukuziva ungaphilanga nje wonke.
Uninzi oloyikisayo lwabantu kwilizwe ngokubanzi luneempawu ezizolileyo kwaye aluyi kufuna nkathalelo yonyango ekhethekileyo.
utyatyazo neempawu zokoma.
ukozela okukhulu nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Namphi umntu oneempawu eziphakathi okanye ezinkulu makafune kwaye azuze ukujongwa ngokwezonyango okukhawulezileyo.
Uvavanyo olusesikweni lwenziwa liZiko leSizwe lweZifo ezoSulelayo, elime eGoli laze lahlwayelwa kutshanje eNtshona Koloni. Ukuvavanya kwenziwa ngengcebiso kagqirha. Izigulane ezifuna inkathalelo kwinkqubo karhulumente yempulo mabangaceli uvavanyo lwaselebhu. Siqaphela ukuba ngoku oku yinto ekhoyo kwicandelo labucala lezempilo kodwa akucetyiswa yi-WHO. Oogqirha mabanyange iimeko ezikrokrelekayo malunga neeprothokholi ezinikwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Unyango olukhethiweyo liyeza lokunyanga nokuthintela umkhuhlane ekuthwa yiTamiflu.
mpawu ezizolileyo kwiindidi zomngcipheko ezithile njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla.
Unyango lwesininzi ngeTamiflu kuyakukhokelela kuxhathiso lwesininzi kwiyeza balinike ngokungeloncedo nakwabo bantu engabubomi kubo.
EMzantsi Afrika, sinamathamo ali-100 000 eTamiflu kumayeza akhoyo kwicandelo likarhulumente. Oku kuyakukhusela i-0,1% yenani labemi. Amazwe asentshona anamayeza akhoyo alungiselelwe i-1% yenani labemi.
Amava elizwe lonke abonise ukuba ukuvalwa kwezikolo namaziko emfundela ephakamileyo, iindawo zokuthenga neendawo zokusebenza ebezingasebenzi ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesifo. Endaweni yoko, abangele olukhulu uphazamiseko loluntu.
Sicebisa ukuba namphi umfundi, umhlohli okanye umsebenzi oneempawu ezizolileyo ahlale ekhaya. Ukuba baninzi abafundi kunye/ okanye abahlohli abahleliyo ngoko iziko elihlaselweyo malibonane neSebe leMfundo esiSiseko, neyakuthi yona neziphathamandla zempilo ziyakucebisa ngenyathelo elimele ukuthathwa.
ukuba uva iimpawu ezizolileyo, hlala ekhaya uze unqande ukubonana nabanye abantu.
Ndinqwenela ukukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into yenziwe ziinzululwazi kwilizwe lonke, zisebenzisana ne-WHO ukuzama kunye nokuvelisa ugonyo. Ukuba izinto zihamba kakuhle, ugonyo olunjalo lungakho kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kuqheleke imfuno eyoyikisayo yogonyo ngamagunya okuvelisa ambalwa - akukho gunya lise-Afrika.
Ndiyabulela ngokuthatha ixesha uzifundele le leta, kwaye ndikubulele ngokulindeleka kokubandakanyeka kwakho ekudluliseni nasekudambiseni iziphumo zesi sifo.
<fn>GCIS. LetterToSportsOrganisation.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
ukucela uncedo lwakho nokubandakanyeka kwakho buqu noko kwe-ofisi yakho ephezulu ekudluliseni ngokusebenzayo imiyalezo engundoqo ngoMkhuhlane-A (i-H1N1) 2009 kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Igama elisesikweni ngokwenzululwazi lesi sifo ngumkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele-A (i-H1N1) 2009. Uqale eMixico naseMerika ngo-Epreli kulo nyaka. Kuqala yayisaziwa njengomkhuhlane weehagu kuba kwakucingwa ukuba ivela ezihagwini. Ngoku, kuyaqondwa ukuba ngumxube weziqalo zabantu neentaka. Ngoko ke, isifo asinanto yokwenza nokusebenzisa ihagu okanye iimvekiso zehagu. Ngoku kubhekiswa nje kuso njengomkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele okanye ngegama lawo elisesikweni elikhethiweyo, i-A (H1N1) 2009.
Ukusuka ngo-Epreli walo nyaka intsholongwane isasazeke ngokukhawuleza kumazwe ali-166 kwilizwe jikelele. E-Afrika, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isasazeke kumazwe ali-16. Ngeli xesha lokubhala le leta, intsholongwane ihlasele abantu abali-177 457 (kuqinisekisile elebhu) ne-1 457 esele liqinisekisiwe ukuba liswelekile.
Namhla eMzantsi Afrika, siqinisekise izihlo ezingama-2 844 nesithandathu sabaswelekileyo.
Emva kwentlanganiso yesine yeKomiti kaXakeka ebibanjwe ngomhla we-11 kuJuni ka-2009, uMbutho weHlabathi wezeMpilo (i-WHO) ugqibe kwelithi indlela yesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele kuhlangatyezwene nayo kwaye uMlawuli-Jikelele, uGqirha Margaret Chan, wasibhengeza isifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele (inqanaba lesi-6). Oku nje kuthetha ukuba isifo besihamba emazweni kwizithili nonke ze-WHO kwaye sasisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo ndinqwenela ukugxininisa ukuba ukubhengezwa kwesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele akuthethi kuthi isifo siyabulala. Kuthetha nje ukuba sisasazeka kulo lonke.
Ngomhla wesi-6 kuJulayi, i-WHO icacise ukusasazeka kwesifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele kumazwe ahlaselweyo nakumazwe amatsha njengokuqhelekileyo nokungenakunqandwa. Ngethamsanqa noxa, oku kunganjalo, baqaphela ukuba abona bantu baninzi abasulelwa yintsholongwane bayakuba nenkqubo ezolileyo. Kodwa ke, njengamagosa ezempilo, kwilizwe jikelele nalapha ekhaya, sisaxhalabile koku kusweleka ekungoku sele kwenzekile (kwilizwe jikelele ngu-0,8% ize eMzantsi Afrika ibe ngu-0,2% wabantu abahlaselweyo). Ikakhulu intsholongwane yosulela abantu abakubudala beminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-29 - uninzi lwaba bantu basezikolweni okanye kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
I-WHO icebise ukuba amazwe mawagxile ekudambiseni impembelelo yesifo kwiindawo zoluntu. Ekwenzeni oku, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo ngundoqo.
Isifo sisasazeka ngamathontsi okosuleleka (oko kukuthi xa umntu owosulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, uze uphefumle umoya othimlelweyo okanye okhohlelelweyo; nokuba bakhohlelela phantsi uze uphefumle umoya okwalapho usengasuleleka).
ukuziva ungaphilanga nje wonke.
Uninzi oloyikisayo lwabantu kwilizwe ngokubanzi luneempawu ezizolileyo kwaye aluyi kufuna nkathalelo yonyango ekhethekileyo.
utyatyazo neempawu zokoma.
ukozela okukhulu nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Namphi umntu oneempawu eziphakathi okanye ezinkulu makafune kwaye azuze ukujongwa ngokwezonyango okukhawulezileyo.
Uvavanyo olusesikweni lwenziwa liZiko leSizwe lweZifo ezoSulelayo, elime eGoli laze lahlwayelwa kutshanje eNtshona Koloni. Ukuvavanya kwenziwa ngengcebiso kagqirha. Izigulane ezifuna inkathalelo kwinkqubo karhulumente yempulo mabangaceli uvavanyo lwaselebhu. Siqaphela ukuba ngoku oku yinto ekhoyo kwicandelo labucala lezempilo kodwa akucetyiswa yi-WHO. Oogqirha mabanyange iimeko ezikrokrelekayo malunga neeprothokholi ezinikwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Unyango olukhethiweyo liyeza lokunyanga nokuthintela umkhuhlane ekuthwa yiTamiflu.
mpawu ezizolileyo kwiindidi zomngcipheko ezithile njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla.
Unyango lwesininzi ngeTamiflu kuyakukhokelela kuxhathiso lwesininzi kwiyeza balinike ngokungeloncedo nakwabo bantu engabubomi kubo.
EMzantsi Afrika, sinamathamo ali-100 000 eTamiflu kumayeza akhoyo kwicandelo likarhulumente. Oku kuyakukhusela i-0,1% yenani labemi. Amazwe asentshona anamayeza akhoyo alungiselelwe i-1% yenani labemi.
Amava elizwe lonke abonise ukuba ukuvalwa kwezikolo namaziko emfundela ephakamileyo, iindawo zokuthenga neendawo zokusebenza ebezingasebenzi ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesifo. Endaweni yoko, abangele olukhulu uphazamiseko loluntu.
Sicebisa ukuba namphi umfundi, umhlohli okanye umsebenzi oneempawu ezizolileyo ahlale ekhaya. Ukuba baninzi abafundi kunye/ okanye abahlohli abahleliyo ngoko iziko elihlaselweyo malibonane neSebe leMfundo esiSiseko, neyakuthi yona neziphathamandla zempilo ziyakucebisa ngenyathelo elimele ukuthathwa.
ukuba uva iimpawu ezizolileyo, hlala ekhaya uze unqande ukubonana nabanye abantu.
Ndinqwenela ukukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into yenziwe ziinzululwazi kwilizwe lonke, zisebenzisana ne-WHO ukuzama kunye nokuvelisa ugonyo. Ukuba izinto zihamba kakuhle, ugonyo olunjalo lungakho kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kuqheleke imfuno eyoyikisayo yogonyo ngamagunya okuvelisa ambalwa - akukho gunya lise-Afrika.
Ndiyabulela ngokuthatha ixesha uzifundele le leta, kwaye ndikubulele ngokulindeleka kokubandakanyeka kwakho ekudluliseni nasekudambiseni iziphumo zesi sifo.
<fn>GCIS. LetterToTraditionalHealers.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
ukucela uncedo lwakho nokubandakanyeka kwakho buqu noko kwe-ofisi yakho ephezulu ekudluliseni ngokusebenzayo imiyalezo engundoqo ngoMkhuhlane-A (i-H1N1) 2009 kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Igama elisesikweni ngokwenzululwazi lesi sifo ngumkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele-A (i-H1N1) 2009. Uqale eMixico naseMerika ngo-Epreli kulo nyaka. Kuqala yayisaziwa njengomkhuhlane weehagu kuba kwakucingwa ukuba ivela ezihagwini. Ngoku, kuyaqondwa ukuba ngumxube weziqalo zabantu neentaka. Ngoko ke, isifo asinanto yokwenza nokusebenzisa ihagu okanye iimvekiso zehagu. Ngoku kubhekiswa nje kuso njengomkhuhlane okhoyo elizweni jikelele okanye ngegama lawo elisesikweni elikhethiweyo, i-A (H1N1) 2009.
Ukusuka ngo-Epreli walo nyaka intsholongwane isasazeke ngokukhawuleza kumazwe ali-166 kwilizwe jikelele. E-Afrika, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isasazeke kumazwe ali-16. Ngeli xesha lokubhala le leta, intsholongwane ihlasele abantu abali-177 457 (kuqinisekisile elebhu) ne-1 457 esele liqinisekisiwe ukuba liswelekile.
Namhla eMzantsi Afrika, siqinisekise izihlo ezingama-2 844 nesithandathu sabaswelekileyo.
Emva kwentlanganiso yesine yeKomiti kaXakeka ebibanjwe ngomhla we-11 kuJuni ka-2009, uMbutho weHlabathi wezeMpilo (i-WHO) ugqibe kwelithi indlela yesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele kuhlangatyezwene nayo kwaye uMlawuli-Jikelele, uGqirha Margaret Chan, wasibhengeza isifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele (inqanaba lesi-6). Oku nje kuthetha ukuba isifo besihamba emazweni kwizithili nonke ze-WHO kwaye sasisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo ndinqwenela ukugxininisa ukuba ukubhengezwa kwesifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele akuthethi kuthi isifo siyabulala. Kuthetha nje ukuba sisasazeka kulo lonke.
Ngomhla wesi-6 kuJulayi, i-WHO icacise ukusasazeka kwesifo esikhoyo elizweni jikelele kumazwe ahlaselweyo nakumazwe amatsha njengokuqhelekileyo nokungenakunqandwa. Ngethamsanqa noxa, oku kunganjalo, baqaphela ukuba abona bantu baninzi abasulelwa yintsholongwane bayakuba nenkqubo ezolileyo. Kodwa ke, njengamagosa ezempilo, kwilizwe jikelele nalapha ekhaya, sisaxhalabile koku kusweleka ekungoku sele kwenzekile (kwilizwe jikelele ngu-0,8% ize eMzantsi Afrika ibe ngu-0,2% wabantu abahlaselweyo). Ikakhulu intsholongwane yosulela abantu abakubudala beminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-29 - uninzi lwaba bantu basezikolweni okanye kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
I-WHO icebise ukuba amazwe mawagxile ekudambiseni impembelelo yesifo kwiindawo zoluntu. Ekwenzeni oku, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo ngundoqo.
Isifo sisasazeka ngamathontsi okosuleleka (oko kukuthi xa umntu owosulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, uze uphefumle umoya othimlelweyo okanye okhohlelelweyo; nokuba bakhohlelela phantsi uze uphefumle umoya okwalapho usengasuleleka).
ukuziva ungaphilanga nje wonke.
Uninzi oloyikisayo lwabantu kwilizwe ngokubanzi luneempawu ezizolileyo kwaye aluyi kufuna nkathalelo yonyango ekhethekileyo.
utyatyazo neempawu zokoma.
ukozela okukhulu nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Namphi umntu oneempawu eziphakathi okanye ezinkulu makafune kwaye azuze ukujongwa ngokwezonyango okukhawulezileyo.
Uvavanyo olusesikweni lwenziwa liZiko leSizwe lweZifo ezoSulelayo, elime eGoli laze lahlwayelwa kutshanje eNtshona Koloni. Ukuvavanya kwenziwa ngengcebiso kagqirha. Izigulane ezifuna inkathalelo kwinkqubo karhulumente yempulo mabangaceli uvavanyo lwaselebhu. Siqaphela ukuba ngoku oku yinto ekhoyo kwicandelo labucala lezempilo kodwa akucetyiswa yi-WHO. Oogqirha mabanyange iimeko ezikrokrelekayo malunga neeprothokholi ezinikwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Unyango olukhethiweyo liyeza lokunyanga nokuthintela umkhuhlane ekuthwa yiTamiflu.
mpawu ezizolileyo kwiindidi zomngcipheko ezithile njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla.
Unyango lwesininzi ngeTamiflu kuyakukhokelela kuxhathiso lwesininzi kwiyeza balinike ngokungeloncedo nakwabo bantu engabubomi kubo.
EMzantsi Afrika, sinamathamo ali-100 000 eTamiflu kumayeza akhoyo kwicandelo likarhulumente. Oku kuyakukhusela i-0,1% yenani labemi. Amazwe asentshona anamayeza akhoyo alungiselelwe i-1% yenani labemi.
Amava elizwe lonke abonise ukuba ukuvalwa kwezikolo namaziko emfundela ephakamileyo, iindawo zokuthenga neendawo zokusebenza ebezingasebenzi ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesifo. Endaweni yoko, abangele olukhulu uphazamiseko loluntu.
Sicebisa ukuba namphi umfundi, umhlohli okanye umsebenzi oneempawu ezizolileyo ahlale ekhaya. Ukuba baninzi abafundi kunye/ okanye abahlohli abahleliyo ngoko iziko elihlaselweyo malibonane neSebe leMfundo esiSiseko, neyakuthi yona neziphathamandla zempilo ziyakucebisa ngenyathelo elimele ukuthathwa.
ukuba uva iimpawu ezizolileyo, hlala ekhaya uze unqande ukubonana nabanye abantu.
Ndinqwenela ukukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into yenziwe ziinzululwazi kwilizwe lonke, zisebenzisana ne-WHO ukuzama kunye nokuvelisa ugonyo. Ukuba izinto zihamba kakuhle, ugonyo olunjalo lungakho kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kuqheleke imfuno eyoyikisayo yogonyo ngamagunya okuvelisa ambalwa - akukho gunya lise-Afrika.
Ndiyabulela ngokuthatha ixesha uzifundele le leta, kwaye ndikubulele ngokulindeleka kokubandakanyeka kwakho ekudluliseni nasekudambiseni iziphumo zesi sifo.
<fn>GCIS. TowardsAFifteenYearReview.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
Xa yayiqala inkululeko ngo-1994, abantu boMzantsi Afrika bagunyazisa urhulumente wabo wokuqala ukuba kubekho into oyenzayo ngocalulo - ingakumbi ukungalingani, ubuhlwempu kunye nokucalulana. Kwakufuneka ukuba uthathe ilizwe ulibuyisele kuluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe olwaluwubeke bucala uMzantsi Afrika onocalulo.
Ngo-2004, emva kweminyaka eli-10 yedemokhrasi, bekukho inkqubela enkulu, kodwa kuninzi ebekufuneka kwenziwe. Nakuba kuye kwakho esikwenzayo ngelifa localulo, utshintsho kuluntu lwethu luze nemiceli mingeni emitsha.
Ekuqaleni kweShumi lemiNyaka lesiBini leNkululeko, abaninzi babesakhutshelwe ngaphandle kuqoqosho lelizwe kunye nasekufumaneni isabelo esifanelekileyo seziqhamo zokukhula. Ngexa okuninzi kwakuphucukile apho wayenolawulo khona urhulumente - okufana neenkonzo zentlalo - izinto zahamba kancinane apho urhulumente wayexhomekeke kwakhona kwizenzo zabanye, ezifana nokudala imisebenzi. Urhulumente ngokwakhe kwakufuneka ukuba asebenze ngokungaphaya kwaye anike inkonzo engcono.
Ukhetho luka 2004 lwagunyazisa urhulumente ukuba aphumeze iinkqubo zokulondoloza - kunye nokukhawulezisa - uphuhliso oluhle kwaye kulungiswe imiceli mngeni. Ukumema ukubambisana koluntu lonke, kwamisela injongo yokunciphisa ngesiqingatha ubuhlwempu nentswelangqesho ngo-2014.
ukuphucula ukusebenza kukarhulumente, iphulo elichasene nolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nonxulumano loMzantsi Afrika kunye namanye amazwe.
Kwaye ngoku, emva kweminyaka eli-15?
Isiseko sabekwa liShumi lemiNyaka lokuQala leNkululeko kwaye amaphulo amatsha ukusukela ngo-2004 awubeke uMzantsi Afrika kwindlela yokukhula ngokukhawuleza. Kwangaxesha nye, eminye imiceli mngeni iye yazinga. Emitsha iye yavela ngotshintsho kuluntu lwethu kunye nakwilizwe esiyinxenye yalo.
Njengoko sisiya phambili, kufuneka sifunde izifundo zexa elidlulileyo.
Ngexa iliphantse libe yiminyake eli-15 yenkululeko, yintoni eye yaba yimpembelelo yemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ekuncedeni uMzantsi Afrika ukuba uye kuluntu olusekelwe kubulungisa, ukungacaluli ngokobuhlanga kunye nokungacaluli ngokwesini Uye waphumelela njani urhulumente ekwenzeni into obumiselwe ukuba uyenze, kwaye kunophuculwa njani oku?
Le yimibuzo ebuzwe ngurhulumente njengoko ubusenza uHlolo lwemiNyaka eliShumi elinesiHlanu.
Uphando lwenziwa phakathi kurhulumente kunye nangabantu bangaphandle. Iziphumo zipapashwe njengoxwebhu lwengxoxo.
Injongo kukukhuthaza wonke umntu ukuba axoxe ngale miba njengoko ilizwe lethu lisiya phambili ekwakheni uluntu olutsha.
Izinto ziphucuke ngeziphi iindlela Zeziphi izinto ezingaphucukanga?
Ngowuphi umahluko owenziwe luluntu kunye nabantu ngabodwa Yeyiphi indIela esingasebenza ngayo kunye ukuze sithathe izinto sizise phambili?
Olu xwebhu sisishwankathelo soHlolo lweMinyaka eliShumi elinesiHlanu lukarhulumente. Ingxelo ecazululiweyo iyafumaneka kwi-Intanethi kaRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika (www.gov.za).
Ukusukela ngo-2004, ujoliso beludibanisa idemokhrasi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kukarhulumente.
IDemokhrasi yoMgaqo-siseko - amaziko aluqilima angabameli kunye nowiso-mthetho oluzimeleyo ziye zasekwa.
abasebenzi bophuhliso loluntu - ngaphezulu kwama-3 000 abaqeqeshiweyo.
Ukwenza bube bobedemokhrasi ubunkokheli bemveli - imithetho kunye namaziko amatsha anika ubunkokheli bemveli indima kwinkqubo yethu yedemokhrasi.
Okubhekisele kurhulumente ovulelekileyo nongafihliyo: - UmThetho wokuPhakanyiswa koFikelelo kuLwazi (Promotion of Access to Information Act), 2000 unika abemi ufikelelo kulwazi ingakumbi kwizinto zikarhulumente.
I-Batho Pele ibeka "abaNtu kuQala" njengomthetho-siseko okhokelayo weNkonzo kaRhulumente.
ochasene norhwaphilizo kulo lonke uluntu.
Ukutshintsha iNkonzo kaRhulumente - iminyaka eli-10 yokuqala ibone inkqubela emangalisayo ekudibaniseni iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zabantu abangabodwa ukuba zibe yinkonzo karhulumente ehlanganisiweyo. INkonzo kaRhulumente ngoku imelwe ngokungaphaya luluntu.
UmThetho woLawulo lweMali kaRhulumente, 2003 uphucula ulawulo lwezimali.
Uyilo, ukujonga nohlolo ziyolulwa. Kukho uyilo lolawulo olungcono kunye nenkonzo karhulumente enye.
bakarhulumente yaqaliswa ngo-2008.
koomasipala abali-136 abaneengxaki ezikhethekileyo.
yathathwa yasiwa kwi-Ajenda yesiCwangciso sikaRhulumente weNgingqi wemiNyaka emiHlanu.
Iinkonzo kuluntu zifuna uphuculo olungaphaya kwimimandla emininzi.
Ubuthathaka bokuphumeza bumisela umda ukusebenza kwamaphulo achasene norhwaphilizo.
Iinkqubo zentlalo zenze okuninzi ukuphucula ubomi babantu, kodwa izisombululo zexesha elide ziyafuneka.
Inkqubo yenkxaso yentlalo - le yimeko engundoqo ekwehliseni inani labantu abanengeniso esezantsi kakhulu. Yayingabaxhamli abazizigidi ezi-2,5 ngo-1999 - ngoku bangaphezulu kwe-2 sezigidi.
Iinkonzo ezisisiseko - inkqubela iyenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu unofikelelo kumanzi okusela, ezothutho lwelindle kunye nombane.
imizi ehluphekayo ifumana iinkonzo ezisisiseko simahla: ama-6 000 eelitha zamanzi kunye nama-50 kwh ombane ngenyanga.
Ubulunga beenkonzo zentlalo bufuna ukuphuculwa.
Ngaphandle kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhulu kwimfundo, inkqubo iveza imveliso ebuthathaka xa kukonke.
ngo-2014 - okwangoku kuphela yi-4,8 yezigidi zeehektare esele itshintshiwe.
kwengeniso akukhange kwehle kwaye kwamanye amacandelo kuye kwenyuka.
Imfundo - amanyathelo okuphakamisa imfundo anyuse ukuba nokuyiwa ezikolweni.
olusiSeko lwabaDala kunye neMfundo noQeqesho oluQhubekayo (FET).
000 ngo-2005. Ukubhalisa kwikholeji ye-FET kukhule ngama-34% ukusuka ku-1998 ukuya ku-2002.
95% abemi boMzantsi Afrika ahlala kwiikhilomitha ezi-5 zesibonelelo sempilo.
ukuya kuma-5 000 ngo-2007. Amazinga empumelelo yonyango lwe-TB amalunga nama-70%.
Ngoo-1990s, usulelo lwe-HIV lwenyuka ngokukhawuleza kodwa ngoku luyehla.
ukusuka kwi-16% ngo-2004 ukuya kwi-13,5% ngo-2006.
abangama-480 000 baqalwe ngonyango lwe-antiretroviral.
IziNdlu - ngo-2008, 3 132 769 yeenkxaso zezindlu yavunywa, kwaye iiyunithi ezizi-2 358 667 zagqitywa.
Oku kwazisa izindlu kubemi abazizigidi ezi-9,9.
Umhlaba - inkqubo yembuyekezo yomhlaba idlulisele ii-asethi ezixabisa i-R12,5 yezigidi zezigidi kubaxhamli abayi-1,4 yezigidi kunye nezibonelelo zenkxaso ezixabisa i-R15,2 yezigidi zezigidi.
Emva kokuzinzisa uqoqosho, ujoliso luye lwashenxa lwaya ekukhuleni okukhawulezayo nokwabelwana ngako.
IPhulo lokuKhula okuKhawulezayo neKwabelwana ngako loMzantsi Afrika (i-AsgiSA) - ukubeka kwisiqingatha ubuhlwempu kunye nentswelangqesho ngo-2014, ukukhula kwezoqoqosho kufuneka kube yi-avareji ye-4,5% ngonyaka ukusukela ngo-2004 de ibe ngu-2009 kunye ne-6% ukuya ku-2014. I-AsgiSA ijolise ekoyiseni izinto ezinqanda uqoqosho ukuba lukhule ngokukhawuleza.
Ukukhula - uqoqosho lukhule kunyaka ngamnye ukusukela ngo-1994, lukhawuleza ukusukela ngo-2006. Lungaphezulu kwe-4,5% yokujoliswe kuko kuka-2004-2009.
ukusuka ku-1994-2003 kunye ne-4% ukusuka ku-2004-2007.
Ingqesho - intswelangqesho inyukile emva ko-1994, yaya kuma phezulu kuma-31% ngo-2003.
iye yehla, kwaye yaba ngama-23% ngo-2007.
phantse kwisiqingatha semveliso yonyaka yelizwe ngo-1994 ukuya ngaphantsi kwama-20%.
Ukwehla okanye ukwenyuka kwamandla emali yayiyi-19% ngo-1991.
kungaphantsi kwe-10% de yaba ngu-2008.
Utyalo-mali nolondolozo - utyalo-mali lunyukile kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo.
mali ngama-482 ezigidi zezigidi kwizakhiwo phakathi kuka-2008 kunye no-2011.
labucala luphezulu kakhulu kunokuba lwalunjalo.
2003 kunye neeKhowudi zeZenzo eziLungileyo ngo-2007.
Umelo lwabamnyama lwafikelela kuma-22% kunye nama-27% kubaphathi abaphezulu ngo-2006.
UQoqosho lwesiBini - iNkqubo eyaNdisiweyo yeMisebenzi kaRhulumente (i-EPWP) idale isigidi esinye samathuba emisebenzi - ngaphambili kunyaka ebijolise kuwo ka-2009.
Urhulumente wandise kwaye wafezekisa inkxaso yamashishini amancinane.
lokuphila sibonakalise ukuphucuka okungaguqukiyo.
kwezamahlathi, iswekile nee-biofuels.
ngokukhawuleza ngokokufuna kwethu.
ukuze kumelwane nazo.
umsebenzi xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe asaphuhlayo.
Icandelo lethu elincinane lezoshishino lincinane xa lithelekiswa namanye amazwe aphuhlileyo.
Emva kokutshintsha amaziko obulungisa kunye nawolwaphulo-mthetho, ugqaliso ibikukuwenza ukuba asebenze ekwehliseni ulwaphulo-mthetho.
neejele zitshintshile ukusuka kwizixhobo zocalulo zaya ekunikeni ukhuselo kunye nokhuseleko kubo bonke.
Ukonyuswa kobuchwepheshe kunye nabasebenzi abandisiweyo kubanceda ukuba basebenze kakhulu.
Ngo-2010, i-SAPS iya kuba namalungu angama-193 240.
ngo-2008 kumanyathelo angaphaya okolula indlela.
Utshintsho lwejaji zelizwe jikelele - phakathi ku-2007, ama-52% ejaji kunye noomantyi babemnyama kwaye ama-30% ingabasetyhini.
Izigwebo zeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko zenziwe ukuba zihambelane noMgaqo-siseko wedemokhrasi. Iinkundla ezintsha zisekiwe ukuze ziphucule ukufikelela kubulungisa, njengeenkundla zokulingana. Iinkundla zamabango amancinane, kunye neenkundla zokusingqongileyo.
Intsingiselo xa iyonke - ulwaphulo-mthetho oluninzi luyazinza okanye luyehla xa luthelekiswa no-1994. Kodwa kuye kwakho ukushenxa ngokubhekisele kubundlobongela obungaphaya kulwaphulo-mthetho.
nolwaPhulo-mthetho lukhulile - kodwa kusekuninzi ekusafuneka kwenziwe.
olunjalo kube yinto eza kuqala.
namaZiko Okhathalelo eThuthuzela okuxhasa amaxhoba aye asekwa.
nomThetho wabaNtwana kolule isandla sikarhulumente ekulweni uphatho gadalala.
nabaNtwana lincede ukuhlanganisa uluntu ngokuchasene nobundlobongela.
SAPS yaba yi-arhente enye kwi-SAPS.
Umthetho ongqongqo ngeemvume uphucule ulawulo lwemipu.
Ubundlobongela bezepolitiki - ubundlobongela bezepolitiki behla kwiminyaka yokuqala yedemokhrasi.
kunye namanyathelo ahlanganise ngokungaphaya.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho olunobundlobongela noluququzelelweyo yimiceli mngeni ekhethekileyo.
Ukunqongophala komgaqo-nkqubo wemfuduko kuthathela phantsi ulungelelwaniso olusebenzayo.
Ukuhlangana okukhulu koluntu ukuze luthabathe inxaxhaba ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho kuyafuneka.
kwiingxelo zikarhulumente kunye namanyathelo kumagosa aphezulu.
UMzantsi Afrika uye waba yinxenye yoluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe, usebenzela okusemdleni welizwe, we-Afrika kunye nehlabathi elisaphuhlayo.
Unxulumano lozakuzo - ngo-1994, uMzantsi Afrika wawuneemishini ezingama-65 kuphela ngaphandle - ngo-2008 zazili-121. IiMishini e-Afrika zikhule ukusuka kwi-17 ukuya kuma-45.
Iminyhadala yamazwe ngamazwe - uMzantsi Afrika ubambe iminyhadala emininzi emikhulu ukusukela ngo-1994, njengeNdebe yeHlabathi yoMbhoxo (1995), i-Non-Aligned Movement Summit (1998), iNtlanganiso yeHlabathi yoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo (2002) kunye neNkomfa yeHlabathi yoMbutho wabamaPhepha-ndaba (2007), kwaye iphumelele ukuba ibambe iNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA.
Amaziko elizwekazi - uMzantsi Afrika ufake isandla kutshintsho olusuka kuMbutho weManyano ye-Afrika ukuya kwiManyano ye-Afrika, ibambe iPalamente ye-Afrika waze wanceda ukwenza kusebenze iBhunga loXolo noKhuselo lweManyano ye-Afrika.
UBambiswano oluTsha loPhuhliso lwe-Afrika - i-Nepad iye yaba yinkqubo-sikhokelo yokubandakanyeka kwehlabathi lonke e-Afrika.
I-African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) - uMzantsi Afrika lelinye lamazwe asixhenxe adlule kwi-Peer Review. Yanconywa ngezenzo ezili-18 ezigqwesileyo kwaye wamkele iNkqubo yeSenzo ebanzi ye-APRM ukuze ilungise ubuthathaka obuchongiweyo kuphengululo.
Uxolo - uMzantsi Afrika udlale indima ekugcineni uxolo kunye nasekusonjululweni kwempixano kwi-Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Sudan, Ethiopia-Eritrea, CÃ´te D'Ivoire, Liberia, e-Comoros naseZimbabwe.
Utyalo-mali norhwebo kunye namazwe ase-Afrika - I-Afrika ngoku yeyona ndawo yethu sithumela kuyo ingaphandle iyeyesine ngobukhulu.
UKwandisa uluNtu loPhuhliso lwamaZantsi e-Afrika (i-SADC) - urhulumente usebenza namazwe e-SADC kuhlanganiso olukhulu. Ukwaziswa koMmandla woRhwebo oluKhululekileyo lwe-SADC ngo-Agasti 2008 kuyakukhokelela kwi-customs union nemarike eqhelekileyo. Intsebenziswano kukhuselo yonyukile, ngoMbutho kuXolo noKhuselo, iNdlela yokuLumkisa kwaNgoko yoMmandla, iZiko loQeqesho loGcino Xolo kuMmandla kunye ne-SADC Brigade.
Ukwakha unxulumano lophuhliso kunye nelizwe elingcono - uMzantsi Afrika usebenzele ukolula intsebenziswano phakathi kwamazwe asaphuhlayo, useka ubudlelwane obutsha besicwangciso namazwe afana ne-Brasil, i-Ndiya ne-China.
nokuqhubela phambili ngokubhekisele kwindlela yamazwe ngamazwe engcono.
ngo-2007 iminyaka emibini.
ubudlelwane obumacala maninzi nobuqinileyo phakathi kwe-UN ne-AU.
Ukuthengisa uMzantsi Afrika kunye ne-Afrika - kubekho iphulo ukusukela ngoo-1990 lokunyusa uMzantsi Afrika. Ukhenketho lukhule ngokukhawuleza, ludala imisebenzi ngqo engama-400 000.
ne-Afrika xa iyonke, ukuphucula umfanekiso welizwekazi.
olungamandla lomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle ngaphakathi eMzantsi Afrika naphesheya.
Ujoliso olukhethekileyo kumacandelo achatshazelwa kakhulu lilifa localulo luncede ukuphucula ubomi babo.
Imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo - umthetho, imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo ziye zaphuhliswa. Kukho imibutho elungelelanisayo kwi-ofisi kaMongameli kunye neyenkulumbuso ukuze kuqhutywe ezi nkqubo. Imibutho ephakamisa okusemdleni wamaqela ekujoliswe kuwo iquka iKomishini yoLingano ngokweSini, iBhunga eliCebisa ngamaLungelo abaNtwana, iikomishini zesizwe nezamaphondo kunye ne-Umsobomvu Youth Fund.
Ingqesho nokwenziwa kwezigqibo - ngo-2004, iKhabhinethi yayinama-40% abasetyhini. Umelo lwabasetyhini kumaphondo kunye nakoorhulumente bengingqi kunyukile. Ngaphezulu kwama-30% abaphathi abaphezulu kurhulumente ngabasetyhini, kodwa icandelo labucala lisasalele ngasemva ngokuphathelene noku.
Iinkonzo ezisisiseko - ukujolisa iinkonzo ezisiseko kwabo bahluphekayo kuthetha ukuba abasetyhini abaninzi kunye nabantwana bayaxhamla. Ufikelelo emanzini, umbane kunye nothungelwano kwenza umahluko omkhulu kwabasetyhini kunye nabantu abasebatsha.
Iinkxaso - kubantu abali-12 lesigidi abafumana iinkxaso zentlalo ngo-2007, izigidi ezisibhozo zafumana iNkxaso yokoNdliwa kwabaNtwana. Ama-53% eenkxaso zezindlu aya kwimizi eyonganyelwe ngabasetyhini.
Impilo - ufikelelo olukhulu kwiinkonzo zempilo kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo lokuqala lwasimahla luxhanyulwe ngamaqela ebekujoliswe kuwo.
ukusuka kwizehlo ezingama-88 971 ngo-2001 ukuya kuma-28 165 ngo-2007.
bengatyanga kunyaka ophelileyo lehlile kuma-31% ka-2002 laya kwi-16% ngo-2006.
yenze ukuba abantwana abaninzi baye ezikolweni - phantse ibe li-100% lobhaliso.
amaziko e-FET asekwa ngo-1998, anceda abantu abasebatsha ukuba baphuhlise izakhono.
R1,3 yezigidi zezigidi yaya kwiSikim seSizwe seMali yabaFundi.
Uqoqosho - abasetyhuni, ulutsha, kunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo babe ngabaxhamli abaziintloko zokusebenza ngenjongo zokufunda (internships), ubufundi, iinkqubo zenkonzo yolutsha, i-EPWP, ubusomashishini kunye namaphulo amashishini amancinane.
Ungenelo olufana ne-AsgiSA ne-Jipsa lubeke ugqaliso kuphuhliso lwabasetyhini kunye nabantu abasebatsha.
bekufanele ukuba kubenjalo.
Intswelangqesho iphezulu ngakumbi phakathi kwabasetyhini kunye nabantu abatsha.
Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu kwidemokhrasi yethu, kuninzi okwenziweyo ukuphelisa ilifa localulo kwaye kwakhiwe uluntu olutsha, nolufanelekileyo. Phakathi kwiShumi leMinyaka lesiBini leNkululeko, uMzantsi Afrika unyukele phezulu waya kwizinga elikhawulezayo lokukhula kunye nophuhliso.
Kodwa akukoneli okwangoku.
Yeyiphi indlela ebanzi eya kwenza ukuba urhulumente kunye nelizwe ukuba bahambe ngokukhawuleza kwaye bagcine izinga elisakhawulezileyo lokukhula nophuhliso, kunokuqhuba kwindlela eseyikhona?
Ingaba kungahlangatyezwana nayo imiceli mngeni ngomzamo wesizwe onyukileyo osekelwe kuhlanganyelwano olubanzi lukarhulumente kunye nabantu kuze kujoliswe kokubalulekileyo okumbalwa?
Nokuba yintoni eyenziwayo, ukuya phambili kuyakufuneka ijikeleze kweminye imiba engundoqo, efana: nokukhawuleziswa kokukhula kunye nokutshintshwa koqoqosho, ukulwa ubuhlwempu, ukwakha unamathelwano ngokwezentlalo, intsebenzisano yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokwakha ilizwe lophuhliso olusebenzayo.
Ukukhula okukhawulezayo nekwabelwana ngako kuyimfuneko ekwehliseni intswelangqesho nobuhlwempu. Ngenye indlela iimfuno zokuvelisa kwelizwe kufuneka ziphuculwe ukuze sikhule ngokukhawuleza, sithathe umsebenzi ongaphaya, kuqukwa nabantu abanezakhono ezincinane, ukuqinisekisa ukhuphiswano, ukunyusa izinto ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle nokuqinisekisa iimeko zokuzama kwamashishini amancinane nabolekisa ngemali encinane. Kukwakho nemfuno yokuphuhlisa iinkqubo zoqoqosho lwesibini ezineempembelelo ezininzi.
Kuyakubakhona imfuno yokuthathela ingqalelo yetshintsho kwiindleko zombane kunye nokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
Amanyathelo okoyisa ubuhlwempu angundoqo kwisicwangciso esibanzi esichasene nobuhlwempu urhulumente asiphuhlisayo. Ukwehlisa intswelangqesho inyathelo elingundoqo elichasene nobuhlwempu. Sifuna ukuba kusuke nayiphi na imiqobo engunobangela wokuba ilizwe libe necandelo elincinane lezoshishino kunye nelibuthathaka kwaye abantu abaninzi abanako ukusebenza bayatyhafiswa ekufuneni imisebenzi.
Ukulwa ubuhlwempu kufuna umzamo okhethekileyo ngokubhekisele ekunyuseni amathuba abantu okungena kwimarike yemisebenzi kwaye bazisekele awabo amashishini. Imfundo inako ukuwophula umjikelo wobuhlwempu.
Ukuqinisekisa uluntu oluhleli kamnandi kufuna ukwehla ekungalingani, ngofikelelo kumathuba ezoqoqosho kubo bonke ngokunjalo nokugcina inkcitho karhulumente egcina abahluphekayo.
Undoqo ekunamathelaneni ngokwezentlalo ngamaziko karhulumente aqinileyo nasemthethweni. Oko kufuna inkonzo engcono kurhulumente, iindlela eziphuculiweyo zokuthabatha inxaxheba koluntu kunye nokwehliswa kowaphulo-mthetho norhwaphilizo. Ngokufanayo, uluntu lunemfanelo yokuhlonipha kunye nokukhusela ukuba semthethweni kunye nengunya lamaziko karhulumente.
Ukwakha uluntu olunamatheleneyo nako kukwafuna ukuphakanyiswa kwembumba yamanyama kunye nokukhathala phakathi kwabo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika kuneenqobo ezisemgangathweni zomntu ngayedwa. Urhulumente kunye noluntu kufuneka basebenze kunye ekuphuhliseni indlela entsha exabisekileyo.
Mninzi umsebenzi owenziweyo wokolula ukubambisana kwilizwe xa lilonke, ingakumbi e-Afrika kunye nakuMzantsi. Oku kufuneka kuqhubeke, kusabekwa phambili i-Afrika kunye namazwe akuMzantsi ngexa kugcinwe ubudlelwane namazwe anoshishino. Ubambiswano lwesicwangciso sokolula ukunceda ukuqhubela phambili umdla wethu wesizwe, kunye nokumiselwa kwezibonelelo zethu ukuba ziqhubelise phambili uphuhliso lwe-Afrika.
kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zamanyathelo alungelelanisiweyo.
kufuneka ukuba abe nako ukutolika iinjongo ezibanzi kunye nokujoliswe kuko kuMgaqo-siseko kunye negunya lokonyula zibe ziinkqubo kunye neeprojekithi ezinokwenziwa.
ukwafuna neendlela zokwandiswa kokudibana rhoqo phakathi kwabemi kunye nabameli babo boluntu.
Zeziphi ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ocinga ukuba urhulumente angazenza esebenza kunye nawe?
Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe malunga neenkqubo kunye neenkonzo zikarhulumente, qhagamshelana ne-www.gcis.gov.
<fn>GCIS. Zfold16days.2010-10-19.xh.txt</fn>
IiNtsuku zokuZabalaza ezili-16: Hayi kubuNdlobongela obuBhekiselwe kwabaseTyhini liphulo lamazwe ngamazwe elenzeka ngonyaka eliqala ngowama-25 eyeNkanga (uSuku lwamaZwe ngamaZwe lokuzabalazela ukuthi Hayi ngobuNdlobongela obuBhekiswe kwabaseTyhini) ukuya kumhla we-10 eyoMnga (uSuku lwamaLungelo oluNtu lwamaZwe ngamaZwe).
Ngeli xesha, uRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika uqhuba iPhulo lokuZabalaza leeNtsuku ezili-16, elijolise ekunyuseni ukuqondwa kweempembelo ezimbi zobundlobongela kwabasetyhini kunye nasebantwaneni. Ukwajolise ekusebenziseni eli phulo ukuhlanganisa onke amacandelo oluntu ukuba kubekho into ayenzayo ngokuchasene nophatho gadalala.
Urhulumente uzibophelele ekwakheni uluntu olukhathalayo nolunoxolo, olukhusela abasetyhini kunye nabantwana balo kuzo zonke iintlobo zobundlobongela. Ngexa iPhulo lokuZabalaza leeNtsuku ezili-16 liqhuba ukuqala ngowama-25 eyeNkanga ukuya kumhla we-10 eyoMnga nyaka ngamnye, iinjongo zalo zinyanzelwa kwakhona yiNkqubo yeeNtsuku ezingama- 365 zobude bonyaka kunye noYilo lweSizwe.
Nyaka ngamnye, urhulumente, ehlangene nemibutho yoluntu kunye necandelo lezoshishino, bayaqhuba besebenza kunye besenza banzi iimpembelelo zephulo. Ngokuxhasa eli phulo, amawaka abemi boMzantsi Afrika nawo ancedile ekunyuseni ukuqondwa kophatho gadalala kunye nokwakha inkxaso kumaxhoba kunye nakwabo basinde ekuphathweni gadalala.
Xhasa iphulo ngokunxiba iribhoni emhlophe ngexesha leentsuku ezili-16: Iribhoni emhlophe luphawu loxolo kwaye izekelisa ukuzibophelela komntu oyifakileyo ekubeni angaze enze okanye angabuhoyi ubundlobongela obubhekiselwe kwabasetyhini kunye nasebantwaneni.
Zimanye nephulo le-CyberDialogues: Ii-CyberDialogues ziqalelwe ukuba ziququzelele iingxoxo ezenziwa ngekhompyutha nabantu xa kuxoxwa ngemiba enxulumene nokuphathwa gadalala kwabasetyhini kunye nabantwana. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, yiya ku: www.genderlinks.org.za okanye utyelele iZiko leeNkonzo ze-Thusongo (Thusong Service Centre) lengingqi yakho.
Thabatha inxaxheba kwimicimbi nemisebenzi yeeNtsuku ezili-16 zokuZabalaza: Kukho ikhalenda yemicimbi eyenzeka kwilizwe ngokubanzi ukusukela ngowama-25 eyeNkanga ukuya ngomhla we-10 eyoMnga. Ukuze uyibone yonke le micimbi, yiya ku: www.womensnet.org.za/calendar.shtml.
Volontiya uxhase imibutho engekho ngaphantsi kukarhulumente kunye namaqela oluntu axhasa abasetyhini kunye nabantwana abaphethwe gadalala: Imibutho emininzi enceda amaxhoba kunye nabo basinde kuphatho gadalala ifuna uncedo oluvela eluntwini. Ungavolontiya ngexesha lakho uze ufake isandla kumsebenzi wokunceda amaziko. Khangela umbutho kummandla wakho ekungakho indima oyidlalayo kuwo. Kwakhona ungafikelela kuluhlu lwemibutho encedayo ku: www.csvr.org.za.
Iminikelo: Unganikela ngemali kwimibutho esebenzela ukuphelisa ubundlobongela obubhekiselwe kwabasetyhini kunye nabantwana ngokwenza umrhumo kuMbutho wamaLungelo oluNtu. Akukho buncinane okanye ubuninzi obubekelwe umnikelo wakho - kuxhomekeke kuwe! Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, yiya ku: www.fhr.org.za okanye utsalele umnxeba u-012 440 1691.
Thetha phandle ngokuchasene nophatho gadalala olubhekiselwe kwabasetyhini kunye nabantwana: Khuthaza amaxhoba angawasetyhini athuleyo ukuba acele umngeni kuphatho gadalala. Kuxele emapoliseni ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana.
Zimanye namaqumrhu oluntu obupolisa (CPFs) okanye amaqumrhu okhuseleko oluntu (CSFs): Uluntu kunye nezikhululo zamapolisa zengingqi ngamaqabane akhutheleyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuselo nokhuseleko lwengingqi. Ngokuzimanya ne-CPF okanye i-CSF yengingqi, unganceda ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho kummandla wakho. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe lokuba uzimanya njani, qhagamshelana nesikhululo samapolisa sengingqi yakho.
Ukuba ngaba uphethwe gadalala ngayo nayiphi na indlela okanye ukuba kukho umntu omaziyo ophethwe gadalala, fikelela kuye - mfumanele uncedo.
<fn>GIA_arts_Xho_08_08.txt</fn>
ISebe lezoQoqosho noPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo leSixeko saseKapa lihlaba ikhwelo kwiMibutho engeNkcubeko okanye kumaZiko abonelela ngeenkonzo kumaCandelo obuchule bokuFunda nokuBhala kunye nangezaMafa eqhubekeka kulawulo lukamasipala weSixeko ukuba yenze izicelo zoncedo-mali.
Le nkqubo yenkxaso-mali ithi ixhase imibandela ephambili esisicwangciso-qhinga seSixeko. Le mibandela iphambili iquka ukuHluma/ukuKhula kwezoQoqosho ngokuBambiseneyo noPhuhliso, ezeMpilo, uPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo noLuntu, ezoKhenketho noBuhlakani. Uqeqesho nophuhliso okuqhubekeka ngokweeprojekthi kuya kuthi kubelulutho kwisicelo sakho.
Bonke abafaki-sicelo kufuneka bebonakalise amava aqinisekisiweyo.
Abafaki-sicelo kufuneka beyile ibhajethi enakho ukusebenza njengoko izimali zikumlinganiselo othile ongekho ngako kwaye ibhajethi le kufuneka iyilwe ngokubhekiselele kwiprojekthi.
Abafaki-sicelo kufuneka bebhalise njengombutho onganjonganga-nzuzo. ibezii-NPO, NGO, ephantsi kweCandelo-21, lamaQumrhu. Imibutho kufeneka ithathele ingqalelo malunga noMgaqo-nkqubo wethu ongeZibonelelo-zoncedo, othi ufumaneke xa wenze isicelo sawo.
Inkqubo yokungeniswa kwezicelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10004.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Sebe liphuhlisa imidlalo yeli ngokuthi iqeqeshe amavolontiya njengeenkokheli zemidlalo yeli lizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10023.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Uphuhliso lwemidlalo yoluntu lujolise ekuboneleleni ngemali okanye izixhobo zemibhiyozo yemidlalo yoluntu okanye ngemidlalo. Ngenxa yezi ndlela, iSebe eli lijolise ekuphuculweni kokuthathwa kwenxaxheba kwezemidlalo nokuzonwabisa luluntu ngokuphuhlisa imidlalo kwakunye nabo kuya kuya kujongwa kubo njengemizekelo emihle kwezemidlalo.
Ezona ngingqi zingundoqo kolu ncedo-mali nenkxaso zezi: uphuhliso lwemidlalo ephezulu yoluntu, uphuhliso lwemidlalo yabantu abakhubazekileyo, uphuhliso lolutsha kwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo kwakunye nokuphuculwa koluntu lwasezidolophini nolwasezilalini ngokwendlela yemidlalo nokuzonwabisa okuququzelelweyo.
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kumaqela alawula imibutho yezemidlalo kwakunye nemibutho yoluntu yezemidlalo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10023.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uphuhliso lwemidlalo yoluntu lujolise ekuboneleleni ngemali okanye izixhobo zemibhiyozo yemidlalo yoluntu okanye ngemidlalo. Ngenxa yezi ndlela, iSebe eli lijolise ekuphuculweni kokuthathwa kwenxaxheba kwezemidlalo nokuzonwabisa luluntu ngokuphuhlisa imidlalo kwakunye nabo kuya kuya kujongwa kubo njengemizekelo emihle kwezemidlalo.
Ezona ngingqi zingundoqo kolu ncedo-mali nenkxaso zezi: uphuhliso lwemidlalo ephezulu yoluntu, uphuhliso lwemidlalo yabantu abakhubazekileyo, uphuhliso lolutsha kwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo kwakunye nokuphuculwa koluntu lwasezidolophini nolwasezilalini ngokwendlela yemidlalo nokuzonwabisa okuququzelelweyo.
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kumaqela alawula imibutho yezemidlalo kwakunye nemibutho yoluntu yezemidlalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10029.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze ube uyawuhlonipha umthetho iNational Heritage Resources Act, nabani na onomnqweno wokulungisa izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo kwiimbali zethu kufuneka athumele isicelo semvume kwiBhunga Elijongene Nelifa Lemvelo leNtshona Kapa. Isakhiwo esibalulekileyo kwiimbali sichazwa njengesakhiwo esiminyaka ingaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu sikho.
Eli Bhunga Lijongene Nelifa Lemveli leNtshona Kapa linikezela ngamaphepha-mvume, ngokuthi liqwalasele imiba echaphazelekayo kweso sicelo kwakunye novavanyo lwefuthe lale nguqu kwindalo engqongileyo. Eli phepha-mvume ke liqwalasela imimiselo yezicwangciso zophuhliso kwakunye nokwahlula-hlulwa komhlaba ngokoMthetho Ojongene Nokusetyenziswa Komhlaba karhulumente wekhaya. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba imiba yelifa lemvelo iyabandakanywa kuvavanyo lwefuthe lophuhliso olucetywayo kwindalo engqongileyo, abaphuhlisi bathi bakwazi ukuchonga nokufumanisa amaziko nezibonelelo zelifa lemveli. Yiyo ke le nto abaphuhlisi beya kukwazi ukuqhubekeka neentshukumo zabo zophuhliso ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo okuba imisebenzi yabo ingarhoxiswa ngenxa yokufunyaniswa kwesibonelelo selifa lemveli.
ilifa lemveli eliphilayo elayanyaniswa nelifa lemveli kwakunye nembali ebaliswayo, okanye izinto ezibalulekileyo kwinzululwazi iziza ezayanyaniswa nembali yamakhoboka oMzantsi Afrika ukuzika kweenqanawa.
Izicelo zokufumana amaphepha-mvume kufuneka zenziwe kwiphepha elisemthethweni elilungiselelwe oku: Isicelo sokudiliza, sokonakalisa, sokudiliza umphambili, sokuchitha, sokuguqula, sokususa isakhiwo eso kwindawo yaso yesiqhelo, ukwahlula-hlula okanye ukutshintsha isomo socwangciso lwesiza selifa lemveli lesizwe, eselifa lemveli lephondo, indawo esakhuselweyo okanye isakhiwo esineminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu sikho..
<fn>GOV-ZA.10036.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Uncedo-mali luyafumaneka ngemisebenzi yobuchule nenkcubeko eyenziwa yimibutho yezenkcubeko. Imisebenzi le kufuneka ijongane nophuhliso lwemveliso nezixhobo zotyelelo lwezenkcubeko nolobutyebi. Iintlobo ezimbini zoncedo-mali ziyafumaneka: Uncedo-mali olunikezelwa ngonyaka kwimisebenzi esaqhubekekayo kwakunye nolwemisebenzi yexeshana eyenziwa ngelo xesha.
Xa nifaka isicelo soncedo-mali, kufuneka nibe kanti nimele umbutho wezenkcubeko yaye umsebenzi wenu kufuneka ube unento yokwenza nobuchule nenkcubeko. Ingqwalasela yenu kufuneka ibekho nakuphuhliso lwezotyelelo.
Kuya kufuneka nigcwalise iphetshana lesicelo elifumaneka kuNobhala woMlawuli oyiNtloko okanye kwikhompyutha.
Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka isicelo soncedo-mali oluza kanye, gcwalisa iphetshana lesicelo lemisebenzi yexeshana (kwiPhetshana Lesicelo iNZA1). Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka isicelo semali yonyaka, gcwalisa iBusiness Plan/Annual Recurrent Expenditure ('Are') Grants (kwiPhetshana Lesicelo iNZA2). Nceda uqwalasele ze uthobele iintsuku ezibalulekileyo komsebenzi wakho, kuba akukho luncedo-mali luya kuphinda luphunyezwe emva koko.
Ukuba niliBhunga lezeNkcubeko elibhalisiweyo ngokwemimiselo yoMthetho weKomishoni yeNtshona Koloni kwakunye namaBhunga ezeNkcubeko, we-14 ka-1998, gcwalisani iphetshana lesicelo iWC3.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10036.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uncedo-mali luyafumaneka ngemisebenzi yobuchule nenkcubeko eyenziwa yimibutho yezenkcubeko. Imisebenzi le kufuneka ijongane nophuhliso lwemveliso nezixhobo zotyelelo lwezenkcubeko nolobutyebi. Iintlobo ezimbini zoncedo-mali ziyafumaneka: Uncedo-mali olunikezelwa ngonyaka kwimisebenzi esaqhubekekayo kwakunye nolwemisebenzi yexeshana eyenziwa ngelo xesha.
Xa nifaka isicelo soncedo-mali, kufuneka nibe kanti nimele umbutho wezenkcubeko yaye umsebenzi wenu kufuneka ube unento yokwenza nobuchule nenkcubeko. Ingqwalasela yenu kufuneka ibekho nakuphuhliso lwezotyelelo.
Kuya kufuneka nigcwalise iphetshana lesicelo elifumaneka kuNobhala woMlawuli oyiNtloko okanye kwikhompyutha.
Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka isicelo soncedo-mali oluza kanye, gcwalisa iphetshana lesicelo lemisebenzi yexeshana (kwiPhetshana Lesicelo iNZA1). Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka isicelo semali yonyaka, gcwalisa iBusiness Plan/Annual Recurrent Expenditure ('Are') Grants (kwiPhetshana Lesicelo iNZA2). Nceda uqwalasele ze uthobele iintsuku ezibalulekileyo komsebenzi wakho, kuba akukho luncedo-mali luya kuphinda luphunyezwe emva koko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.100407.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Extension of closing date.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10042.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
iKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni yasekwa ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iWestern Cape Provincial Languages Act. Ngokwalo Mthetho ke, le komiti ingangena kwizifundo nophando olujoliswe ekuphuhliseni nasekuphakamiseni abantu baseNtshona Koloni ngokweelwimi, ibe ngolo hlobo ibuyisa isidima somntu ngokuthi kuhlonitshwe ezi lwimi zintathu zisetyenziswa ngoksesikweni kweli phondo, lwimi ezo zisisiXhosa, isiBhulu nesiNgesi ze iphakamise ukwaziwa nokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi.
Le Komiti Yeelwimi ikwajongene nokusetyenziswa kwezi lwimi zintathu zisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo ze ixhase nophuhliso lweelwimi zalapha eNtshona Koloni ebezisoloko zingananzwanga. Inkxaso-mali yokufunda le ke yenzelwe ukudalela eli phondi izifundiswa neengcali zeelwimi ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo.
iKomiti Yeelwimi Yephondo leNtshona Koloni imema abemi beNtshona Koloni abanezifundo ezisemgangathweni ukuba bafake izicelo zenkxaso-mali yokungena kwimfundo enomsila kwizifundo zeelwimi, zifundo ezo ziya kube zijolise kulo naluphi na olunye lweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo, ulwimi Lwabantu Abangevayo lwalapha eMzantsi Afrika, okanye ke naluphi na ulwimi lweli phondo olungananzwanga.
Inkxaso-mali zokufunda ezintathu ezixabisa I-R10 000 ziya kunikezelwa. Abafundi basemini nabasemva kwemini bangazifaka izicelo. Kubafundi basemva kwemini, esi sixa siya kwahlulwa kubini ze sihlawulwe kabini kwisithuba seminyaka emibini.
Usuku lokuvalwa kwezicelo zale nkxaso-mali ngumhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeNkanga apha ku-2005.
Babe bayamkeleka kwezo nkqubo zemfundo bazinqwenelayo kuloo maziko bafuna ukungena kuwo kwidyunivesithi okanye iteknikhoni yalapha eMzantsi Afrika.
Babe banqwenela ukungena kwizifundo zeelwimi, ukufundisa iilwimi okanye bangene ke kweminye yemisebenzi yeengcali zeelwimi.
Abe umntu uyingcali kulo lube lunye ulwimi lweli phondo ubuncinci.
Abe ngumhlali walapha eNtshona Koloni.
Abe uzinikele ekuphuhliseni ukusetyenziswa nokwaziwa kweeliwimi apha eNtshona Koloni.
Gcwalisa iiphetshana lesicelo elinikezelweyo ze ulingenise, ndawonye nazo zonke iimpepha ezithe zakhankanywa kweli phetshana, ngomhla okanye ngaphambi komhla wokuvalwa (ongumhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeNkanga ku-2005). Bhala ke incwadana yesicelo apho uchaza uikuba eli xesha uza kube ufunda ngalo lingena ndawoni na kwizicwangciso zakho zempangelo, ze unikezele nombono wakho ngobume neenkonzo zeelwimi apha eNtshona Koloni.
Kumgangatho Wesithathu, Kwisakhiwo iProtea Assurance, eGreen Market Square, eKapa, 8000.
Aamaphepha okufaka izicelo ayafumaneka kule dilesi ikhankanywe ngentla apha okanye angatsalwa apha.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10042.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni yasekwa ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iWestern Cape Provincial Languages Act. Ngokwalo Mthetho ke, le komiti ingangena kwizifundo nophando olujoliswe ekuphuhliseni nasekuphakamiseni abantu baseNtshona Koloni ngokweelwimi, ibe ngolo hlobo ibuyisa isidima somntu ngokuthi kuhlonitshwe ezi lwimi zintathu zisetyenziswa ngoksesikweni kweli phondo, lwimi ezo zisisiXhosa, isiBhulu nesiNgesi ze iphakamise ukwaziwa nokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi.
Le Komiti Yeelwimi ikwajongene nokusetyenziswa kwezi lwimi zintathu zisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo ze ixhase nophuhliso lweelwimi zalapha eNtshona Koloni ebezisoloko zingananzwanga. Inkxaso-mali yokufunda le ke yenzelwe ukudalela eli phondi izifundiswa neengcali zeelwimi ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo.
iKomiti Yeelwimi Yephondo leNtshona Koloni imema abemi beNtshona Koloni abanezifundo ezisemgangathweni ukuba bafake izicelo zenkxaso-mali yokungena kwimfundo enomsila kwizifundo zeelwimi, zifundo ezo ziya kube zijolise kulo naluphi na olunye lweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo, ulwimi Lwabantu Abangevayo lwalapha eMzantsi Afrika, okanye ke naluphi na ulwimi lweli phondo olungananzwanga.
Inkxaso-mali zokufunda ezintathu ezixabisa I-R10 000 ziya kunikezelwa. Abafundi basemini nabasemva kwemini bangazifaka izicelo. Kubafundi basemva kwemini, esi sixa siya kwahlulwa kubini ze sihlawulwe kabini kwisithuba seminyaka emibini.
Babe bayamkeleka kwezo nkqubo zemfundo bazinqwenelayo kuloo maziko bafuna ukungena kuwo kwidyunivesithi okanye iteknikhoni yalapha eMzantsi Afrika.
Babe banqwenela ukungena kwizifundo zeelwimi, ukufundisa iilwimi okanye bangene ke kweminye yemisebenzi yeengcali zeelwimi.
Abe umntu uyingcali kulo lube lunye ulwimi lweli phondo ubuncinci.
Abe ngumhlali walapha eNtshona Koloni.
Abe uzinikele ekuphuhliseni ukusetyenziswa nokwaziwa kweeliwimi apha eNtshona Koloni.
Gcwalisa iiphetshana lesicelo elinikezelweyo ze ulingenise, ndawonye nazo zonke iimpepha ezithe zakhankanywa kweli phetshana, ngomhla okanye ngaphambi komhla wokuvalwa (ongumhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeNkanga ku-2005). Bhala ke incwadana yesicelo apho uchaza uikuba eli xesha uza kube ufunda ngalo lingena ndawoni na kwizicwangciso zakho zempangelo, ze unikezele nombono wakho ngobume neenkonzo zeelwimi apha eNtshona Koloni.
Aamaphepha okufaka izicelo ayafumaneka kule dilesi ikhankanywe ngentla apha okanye angatsalwa apha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10050.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo inikezelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngentsebenziswano neNkonzo Yethala Leencwadi yeNtshona Koloni. Amathala eencwadi ngamaziko olwazi kubantwana nabantu abadala. Uluntu lunakho ukufumana okanye luboleke iincwadi, iincwadi ezincedisa ekufundiseni, amacwecwe omculo, imiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, amacwecwe okugcina ulwazi, amaphepha-ndaba kwakunye namaphepha aveliswa ngamaxesha athile kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nabo.
Amathala eencwadi yinkonzo yoluntu ekhuthaza ukufunda, ephuhlisa ulwazi oluphangaleleyo, ebonelela ngokubukelwa kwemiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, eququzelela iintshukumo, yaye ebonelela ngeenkqubo zeholide kubafundi kwakunye neeyure zamabali kwiimveku. IiKona zamaShishini Asakhulayo kumathala eencwadi athile zibonelela ngoncwadi oluneengcebiso zoshishino kubantu abanamashishini.
Ikhadi lethala leencwadi liyafuneka ukuze ukwazi ukuboleka, ukubuyisa okanye ukuphinda kubolekwe impahla yethala leencwadi elo. Amalungu ethala leencwadi anakho ukufaka izicelo zokuboleka kumanye amathala eencwadi. Amathala eencwadi akwanikezela ngeenkonzo zokukopa kuluntu yaye amanye anikezela nge-internet simahla.
Ubulungu bexeshana buyafumaneka kubaboleki abasebenzisa amathala eencwadi angaphandle kweengingqi zoomaspala babo.
Ikhadi lobulungu bethala leencwadi linikezelwa xa ubhalisa kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nalapho uhlala khona. Kufuneka uye nencwadana yakho yesazisi ze ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo sekhadi lethala leencwadi. Uya kulifumana ikhadi lakho lobulungu ngeposi kwiiveki nje ezimbini.
Ubulungu Bethala Leencwadi busimahla.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10053.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Angama-28 amaziko alondoloza imbali ephondo apha kwiNtshona Kapa.
Museum La maziko alondoloza imbali ke avuleleke kuluntu ngokubazi yaye akwanikezela nemiboniso kwanemisebenzi yobugcisa ebonakalisa imbali yeli phondo yenkcubeko neyendalo, nequka iindlela ezintsha esiyijonga ngayo imbali yaseAfrika okanye imbali yemvelo yeli lizwekazi. Amaziko alondoloza imbali la akwanothotho lwemiboniso ajoliswe ekufundiseni abantwana besikolo.
Amaziko amaninzi alondoloza imbali ke abiza imadlana engephi kubatyeleli.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10053.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Angama-28 amaziko alondoloza imbali ephondo apha kwiNtshona Kapa.
Museum La maziko alondoloza imbali ke avuleleke kuluntu ngokubazi yaye akwanikezela nemiboniso kwanemisebenzi yobugcisa ebonakalisa imbali yeli phondo yenkcubeko neyendalo, nequka iindlela ezintsha esiyijonga ngayo imbali yaseAfrika okanye imbali yemvelo yeli lizwekazi. Amaziko alondoloza imbali la akwanothotho lwemiboniso ajoliswe ekufundiseni abantwana besikolo.
Amaziko amaninzi alondoloza imbali ke abiza imadlana engephi kubatyeleli.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10056.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Uncedo lwezimali luyafumaneka ngemisebenzi yobuchule nenkcubeko eyenziwe yimibutho yezenkcubeko. Imisebenzi le kufuneka igxininise kuphuhliso, ukugcinwa nokukhula kwenkcubeko nobutyebi.
Uncedo lwezimali olu lwenziwa ngonyaka yaye izicelo kufuneka zibe ziyangena ngomhla wama-31 kweyoKwindla minyaka le.
AmaBhunga Ezenkcubeko abhaliswe kwiKomishoni yezeNkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni anakho nawo ukufaka izicelo zoncedo-mali lweenkomfa, uphando kwakunye nemisebenzi engqamene nenkcubeko.
Abafaki bezicelo kufuneka bamele umbutho wezenkcubeko kwakunye nomsebenzi uncedo-mali olu lufunelwa wona yaye kufuneka kube kanti ingqamene nobuchule nenkcubeko.
Kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo elifumaneka kwiNtloko Yemisebenzi Yenkcubeko, uMs Nerine Jeaven okanye ke uye kwikhompyutha.
Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka isicelo soncedo lwemali, gcwalisa iBusiness Plan/Annual Recurrent Expenditure ('Are') kwiphetshana lesicelo (i-NZA2). Qinisekisa ukuba uyazithobela iintsuku zokungena komsebenzi wakho, kuba akukho luncedo lwazimali luya kuphunyezwa emva koko.
Ukuba niliBhunga lezeNkcubeko elibhaliswe ngokwemimiselo yoMthetho iKomishoni yezeNkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni kwakunye namaBhunga ezeNkcubeko, we-14 ka-1998, gcwalisani iphetshana lesicelo i-WC3.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10056.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uncedo lwezimali luyafumaneka ngemisebenzi yobuchule nenkcubeko eyenziwe yimibutho yezenkcubeko. Imisebenzi le kufuneka igxininise kuphuhliso, ukugcinwa nokukhula kwenkcubeko nobutyebi.
Uncedo lwezimali olu lwenziwa ngonyaka yaye izicelo kufuneka zibe ziyangena ngomhla wama-31 kweyoKwindla minyaka le.
AmaBhunga Ezenkcubeko abhaliswe kwiKomishoni yezeNkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni anakho nawo ukufaka izicelo zoncedo-mali lweenkomfa, uphando kwakunye nemisebenzi engqamene nenkcubeko.
Abafaki bezicelo kufuneka bamele umbutho wezenkcubeko kwakunye nomsebenzi uncedo-mali olu lufunelwa wona yaye kufuneka kube kanti ingqamene nobuchule nenkcubeko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10065.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Asixhenxe amaziko enkcubeko avulelekileyo ukuze asetyenziswe yimibutho aaqumrhu anikezela ngeenkonzo zemfundo kwikcubeko. La maziko enkcubeko anikezela ngendawo yokuhlala kwakunye nezixhobo zokubambela iingqungquthela.
Onke ke la maziko abekwe kwiingingqi ezinomtsalane eluntwini.
Avuleleke kumaqela abantu abangamashumi amane nangaphezulu kwaye kudingeka nemali esisiqinisekiso sale ngqesho.
Izicelo zokuqesha ngeempelaveki zingooLwezihlanu ngentsimbi yesine malanga ukuya ngeeCawe ngentsimbi yesibini emva kwemini. La maziko awafumaneka ngamaxesha athile apha kwiimpelaveki, kuquka ke nooLwezihlanu.
La maziko enkcubeko, kuquka iindawo, iinkcukacha zokugcinwa kwalawo aqeshiweyo kwakunye namaxabiso adweliswe kule tafile.
Intlawulo iphakathi kwama-R26 nama-R30 umntu ngamnye ngobusuku apha ku-2006.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10065.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Asixhenxe amaziko enkcubeko avulelekileyo ukuze asetyenziswe yimibutho aaqumrhu anikezela ngeenkonzo zemfundo kwikcubeko. La maziko enkcubeko anikezela ngendawo yokuhlala kwakunye nezixhobo zokubambela iingqungquthela.
Onke ke la maziko abekwe kwiingingqi ezinomtsalane eluntwini.
Izicelo zokuqesha ngeempelaveki zingooLwezihlanu ngentsimbi yesine malanga ukuya ngeeCawe ngentsimbi yesibini emva kwemini. La maziko awafumaneka ngamaxesha athile apha kwiimpelaveki, kuquka ke nooLwezihlanu.
La maziko enkcubeko, kuquka iindawo, iinkcukacha zokugcinwa kwalawo aqeshiweyo kwakunye namaxabiso adweliswe kule tafile.
Intlawulo iphakathi kwama-R26 nama-R30 umntu ngamnye ngobusuku apha ku-2006.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10083.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Labongameli liyayithakazelela into yokusasaza ulwazi ngeenkqubo zenzuzo yemvelisa eya ngaphandle, ingakumbi ulwazi lwenzuzo yorhwebo olutsha lwesizwe.
IZiko leMveliso Ethengiselwa Amazwe Angaphandle lamiselwa kuMzantsi Kapa ukunyusa umgangatho wemveliso ephuma kule ngingqi. Imiswe kwi- Ziko Loshishino loMzantsi Kapa eGeorge, Ziko elo likhuphela imveliso kumazwe angaphandle linikezela abo bathengisela amazwe angaphandle abakhasayo nabasele bekhona ngengcebiso exabisekileyo kwakunye nolwazi lorhwebo.
Xa uRhulumente weSizwe ethetha-thethana ngezivumelwano zorhwebo olutsha, aBaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lezoRhwebo basasaza ulwazi ngezivumelwano kwabo bathengisela amanye amazwe imveliso yeli nakumanye amaqela anomdla. Ukongeza ekunikezeleni umsebenzi obhaliweyo ngezivumelwano zorhwebo, aba baphathi baphinda buqhubae amagumbi okusebenzela.
Abaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lweMizi-mveliso banceda amashishini ekufikeleleni kulwazi oluphathelelene kwiinkqubo zesizwe zenkxaso.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10083.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Labongameli liyayithakazelela into yokusasaza ulwazi ngeenkqubo zenzuzo yemvelisa eya ngaphandle, ingakumbi ulwazi lwenzuzo yorhwebo olutsha lwesizwe.
IZiko leMveliso Ethengiselwa Amazwe Angaphandle lamiselwa kuMzantsi Kapa ukunyusa umgangatho wemveliso ephuma kule ngingqi. Imiswe kwi- Ziko Loshishino loMzantsi Kapa eGeorge, Ziko elo likhuphela imveliso kumazwe angaphandle linikezela abo bathengisela amazwe angaphandle abakhasayo nabasele bekhona ngengcebiso exabisekileyo kwakunye nolwazi lorhwebo.
Xa uRhulumente weSizwe ethetha-thethana ngezivumelwano zorhwebo olutsha, aBaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lezoRhwebo basasaza ulwazi ngezivumelwano kwabo bathengisela amanye amazwe imveliso yeli nakumanye amaqela anomdla. Ukongeza ekunikezeleni umsebenzi obhaliweyo ngezivumelwano zorhwebo, aba baphathi baphinda buqhubae amagumbi okusebenzela.
Abaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lweMizi-mveliso banceda amashishini ekufikeleleni kulwazi oluphathelelene kwiinkqubo zesizwe zenkxaso.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10090.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Umthetho umisela ukuba kufuneka imana ukuhlaziywa qho ngonyaka iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi sakho. Ngumsebenzi wakho wena njengomnini-sithuthi, kukuqinisekisa ukuba liyahlaziywa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe. Ukuba ngaba alihlaziywanga kuya kufuneka wohlwayiwe.
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kufuneka ube iphepha-mvume lokufunda ukuqhuba. Ulifumana eli phepha-mvume xa ufundela ukuqhuba isithuthuthu esibukhulu bungaphezulu kwe-125 CCs, inqwelo-mafutha, iminibus, isithuthi esincinci esithutha iimpahla, okanye isithuthi esikhulu xa ungaphezulu kwe-17 leminyaka ubudala. Ungalifumana iphepha-mvume lokufundela ukuqhuba izithuthu ezibukhulu bungange-50 CC ukuya...
Ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise isithuthi ebesikhe safakelwa izinto, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso se-Weighbridge.
Ukuba ngaba inombolo yenjini yakho okanye yomzimba wesithuthi itshintshiwe, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso esinika ubungqina bokuba akukho khwiniba ngaphambi kokuba usibhalise isithuthi sakho.
Isiqinisekiso sokulungela indlela kwesithuthi singafumaneka kuso nasiphi na isikhululo sokuvavanywa kwezithuthi sabucala okanye saseburhulumenteni.
Kufumeneka iphepha-mvume lesithuthi esithwala imithwalo enobungozi nezinye izithuthi. Imfuneko yamaphepha-mvume ixhomekeke kubukhulu nakubunjani bomthwalo lowo okanye isithuthi eso.
Abanini-zimoto bangafaka isicelo xa befuna amaphepha-mvume eenombolo-mbhalo abazithandayo.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezimalunga nobhaliso lwezithuthi kufuneka udibane neziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi. Iingcombolo zesithuthi azinakukhutshwa kodwa zonke ezinye iinkcuckacha zingaqinisekiswa.
Abavelisi/abayili, abakhi nabo bazisa izithuthi kweli lizwe bangaziqhuba iimoto ezingabhaliswanga beziqhuba ngenombolo yokuthengisa izithuthi. Oku kuvumeleke kuphela...
Sonke isithuthi ezenziwe apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye eso senziwe kwelinye ilzwe ze sathunyelwa kweli kufuneka sibhaliswe ngaphambi kokuba sithunyelwe kwindawo yentengiso okanye sithengiswe.
Zonke izikhululo zokuhlola izithuthi kufuneka zibhaliswe zibekwe ngokomgangatho ngaphambi kokuba zifumane iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo zokuba zikulungele ukuba sendleleni.
Bonke abaqhubi boMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba izithuthi akhangeleka njengecredit card. Eli phepha-mvume linikezelwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umqhubi ephumelele izifundo zokuqhuba.
Ukuqhuba iindidi ezithile zezithuthi kufuneka umntu abe nephepha-mvume elisemthethweni Lokuqhuba Ngobuchule ngaphezu kwaleyo anayo yokuqhuba.
Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Bonke abantu abafundisa ukuqhuba kufuneka babhalise. Ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokufundisa ukuqhuba, kufuneka kuthi kwakuphandwa kufunyaniswe ukuba awuzange wabandakanyeka kulwaphulo-mthetho, ufumane nencwadi kagqirha ngobume bempilo yakho, ze uluphumelele novavanyo lomntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuvula iziko eliza kujongana nokuhlola abantu abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, kufuneka ubhalise kuMphathiswa weZothutho.
Uluntu lungafaka izicelo zokusebenzisa indlela zikawonkewonke ekwenzeni imicimbi yalo ofana nemidlalo.
Uluntu lungazifaka izicelo zokwenza imibniso-bhanyabhanya ezindleleni zikawonkewonke. Ukuvunywa kwesicelo kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye kwephondo na. Ungadibana neKomishini iCape Film okanye ii-ofisi zeZibonelelo zeNdlela zePhondo ukuze kubonwe ukuba ngaba indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye phantsi kwephondo kusini na.
Abahloli beelayisenisi, abavavanyi bezithuthi, abahloli bamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, amagosa endlela nabaphathi kufuneka babhaliswe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10091.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Phambi kokuba ungene eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yexeshana. Kwizibuko lokungena, incwadana leyo iya kuthathwa ze wena unikwe iphepha-mvume lokuhlala kweli ixeshana elixela ukuba unokuhlala ixesha elingakanani yaye ngasiphi na isizathu. Kufuneka ufake izicelo ezixela izizathu zondwendwe lwakho, phambi kokuba uze kweli lizwe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10111.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Eli liziko lokutsalela umnxeba lokuxela ngobugebenga elisebenza iiyure ezingama 24 , kwaye lisingatha izikhalazo zoluntu. Ungatsala umnxeba kwifowuni ye-telkom okanye kwiselulafowuni. Yonke iminxeba engena kweli ziko iyashicilelwa.
Qaphela: Cofa le nombolo kuphela kwiimeko zonxunguphalo nongxamiseko.
kuthintela iminxeba esuka kubantu abakwiimeko ezibeka ubomi babo emngciphekweni kwaye abadinga uncedo lwamapolisa kuchitha ixesha lamapolisa njengoko amapolisa kungafuneka aye ngenqwelo okanye ngenqwelontaka kuloo ndawo ekuthiwa kwenzeka kuyo ubugebenga kuyinkcitho yezinto eziyimfuneko njengoko amagosa engasiwa kwindawo engenanxunguphalo nangxamiseko.
Kwizikhalazo nje ezingephi kunye naxa ubuzisa ngokubanzi, tsalela umnxeba kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufuphi kuwe.
Tsalela umnxeba kwinombolo ethi 10 111 naphina eMzantsi Afrika.
Inkcazelo ifakwa elugcinweni, uze ke unikwe inombolo yokubuzisa njengobungqina nokwenzela ukuba ubuzise ngayo kwixa elizayo.
Zonke iifowuni ezingenayo ziphendulwa kwamsinyane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
<fn>GOV-ZA.101464.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkqubo iyingxenye yenkqubo yeRED Door.
Ndixelele banzi ngeli phulo.
Ingaba ndiza kulifumana liziinkozo eli waka leerandi?
Ingaba avalwa nini amangenelo kweli phulo?
Ingaba ndingaqwafaka agqithileyo kwisinye Ukuba ndinemibono engaphezu kwesinye yoshishino?
Ingaba ndingangenela ukuba sele ndinalo kakade ishishini?
Ingaba kuya kufuneka ndiyibuyise le mali?
Ingaba abantu abagqithileyo kwisinye bosapho olunye bangawafaka amangenelo abo kweli phulo?
Ingaba sinhgayihlanganisa le mali/Singangenela kunye?
Ingaba eli phulo livuleleke kuluntu obeusa kuhleleleka kuphela?
Ukuba ishishini lithi libhange?
Ingaba kungakho nabani na onokusinceda?
Andivisisani nomcebisi wam, ndingenza ntoni?
Malunga neli phuloUrhulumente wephondo leNtshona Koloni uya kube enikezela kumntu ngamnye kwiwaka labantuabangaphangeliyo , iwaka leerandi ukuze baqalise amashishini angawabo. Ekufuneka ukwenzile nje wena kukuza nombono OPHILILEYO woshishino. Ukuba siwuthandile loo mbono, siya kukunika iwaka leerandi kwakunye neengcebiso EZISIMAHLA zengcali yezoshishino.
Namphi na ummi woMzantsi Afrika ongaphezu kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala, ohlala eNtshona Koloni agangenela.
Iimpepha zokufaka izizcelo zingafumaneka ze zishiywe kumathala eencwadi kawonke-wonke kwanakwii-ofisi zeRED Door offices okanye ke zifumane kwikhompyutha.
Khawufumane imithetho kwakunye nentengiso apha.
Eli phulo liyakuwavala amangenelo ngomhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga kaCanzibe apha ku-2005.
Emva koko, kuya kuthi kuqhagamshelwane nabo bonke abo bafake izicelo ukuqinisekisa iinkcukacha zabo.
Inkqubo yomjikelo wokuqala wokukhetha iya kwenziwa ze neentshukumo zodliwano-ndlebe nabafaki-zicelo zenziwe ngenyanga yoMsintsi nabo bafaki-zicelo bafakwe kuluhlu olufutshane.
Ekupheleni kwenyanga yeSilimela, kuya kukhutshwa kuvakaliswe iwaka lamagama.
Aba bafaki-zicelo baya kuncediswa ekuqulunqeni imibono yoshishino ngokwendlela abawaboba ngayo amashishini abo ngokuthi bancedwe ngumcebisi.
Baya kuba nenyanga ukuqoshelisa oku.
Eli waka leerandi liya kuthi ke linikezelwe.
Kwisithuba sexesha eliziinyanga ezintathu emva koko, eli shishini liya kuncediswa ze kubekwe iliso kulo ngumcebisi ekunyanzelekileyo ukuba abe kulo.
Uhlolo lokugqibela luya kwenziwa ze abaphumeleleyo baziswe ngenyanga kaCanzibe ku-2006.
Abaphumeleleyo baya kufumana emnye ukuya kuma kwisihlanu samawaka eerandi ngeenjongo zokwandisa amashishini abo.
Eli linyathelo leSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho.
Ingaba ndiza kulifumana eli waka leerandi liziinkozo?
Ingaba avalwa nini amangenelo kweli phulo?
Ingaba ndingawafaka amangenelo angaphaya kwesinye Ukuba ndinemibono yoshishino engaphaya kwesinye Hayi, kuya kufuneka ukhethe owona mbono ungakuphumelelisa kweli phulo?
Ingaba ndingangenela ukuba sele ndinalo sihishini elilelam?
Hayi eli phulo lijoliswe kubantu abangaphangeliyo kuphela. Lenzelwe abantu abangenangeniso konke-konke.
Ingaba kuya kufuneka ndiyibuyise le mali?
Ewe, noxa kunjalo, amashishini angaphumeleliyo, awayi kohlwaywa kodwa ke kuya kufuneka aphendule ukuba ayitheni na imali. Apho kufunyaniswa uukba imali yasetyenziswa ngendlela engenankathalo, okanye yasetyenziselwa omnye umbno woshishino ongenguwo lowo ibikhutshelwe wona, umthabathi-nxaxheba kuya kufuneka ayibuyise le mali.
Ingaba amalungu osapho olunye angaphaya kwesinye angangenela kweli phulo?
Ewe, umntu azingenele ngokwakhe futhi ngombono wakhe woshishino.
Ingaba singayihlanganisa imali yethu okanye singenele kunye?
Hayi, kufuneka umbono omye woshishino kumntu ngamnye.
Ingaba eli phulo livuleleke kubemi beli ababesakuhleleka kuphela na?
Hayi, bonke abemi bangangenela, kodwa ke kufuneka ube akuphangeli.
Ukuba ishishini lithi lingaphumeleli?
Akuyi kohlwaywa ukuba ishishini lakho lithi lingaphumeleli, kodwa ke, kuya kufuneka uchaze zonke iinkqubo ozilandeleyo kwelo shishini.
Ingaba uya kubakho umntu onokusinceda Ewe, umntu ngamnye uya kunikwa umcebisi EKUNYANZELEKILEYO ukuba abekho?
Andivisisani nomcebisi wam, ndingenza ntoni Izikhalazo/ukungoneliseki kungathunyelwa kumlawuli oyintloko weli phulo oya kuthi yena awushukuxe loo mba ngendlela ewufaneleyo?
Kakade, ngelixa ungekaphangeli okanye ungengomfundi ngexesha lesi sicelo, ungasifaka isicelo sakho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10151.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe loPhuhliso lezoQoqosho linikezela ngenkxaso kubavelisi bezinto zefektri abasakhasayo ngeZiko leNgcebiso yaBenzi bezinto zaseFektri/ Manufacturing Advisory Centre. Eli Ziko lingakunceda kwimigudu yeshishini lakho elincinci, eliphakathi okanye eliselincinci (SMME) ukuphucula ukhuphiswano nokukhula ngokwasekhaya, esizweni nakwiindawo zentengiso zamazwe ngamazwe.
Ingcebiso kwimveliso kwakunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo.
Thumela izimvo zakho ngale dilesi ye-email: administrator@capemac.co.
Thumela iinkcukacha ngale dilesi ye-email: info@capemac.co.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10151.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingcebiso kwimveliso kwakunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.101610.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ngomhla weshumi elinesixhenxe kwinyanga yoKwindla ngo-2005, iCape Skills e-Literacy Pilot Project yaqalwa ngokutyikitywa kwesivumelwano phakathi kukarhulumente wephondo ne-bridges.org, umbutho ongajonge ngeniso ojolise ekuphakamiseni ukusetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kolwazi kwakunye nobugcisa bonxibeblelwano kumazwe asakhulayo ngeenjongo zokuphucula ubomi babantu.
"Kwisicwangciso-qhinga sakhe seKapa Elihlumayo, urhulumente wephondo uzinikele ekuphuhliseni ubutyebi boluntu nobasekuhlaleni, egxininisa ekulungiseleleni ulutsha ingqesho. Ngeli phulo lokuxhobisa uluntu ngezakhono zobuxhaka-xhaka nobugcisa bonxibelelwano, sisebenzela ukucacisa oku kuzinikela kwethu ngeyona ndlela icacileyo nebonakalayo" uhlomle watsho uGqirha Harold Wesso, intloko yeCentre for e-Innovation, icandelo likarhulumente wephondo elinoxanduva lokujongana neli phulo.
Obu bugcisa bonxibelelwano bujonga indibanisela yokukwazi ukusebenzisa iikhompyutha kwakunye nendlela eyiyo yokusetyenziswa kolwazi. "Oku ke kuthetha ukuba asijolisanga nje kuphela ekufundiseni uluntu ukusebenzisa iikhompyutha, koko sikwabafundisa iindlela zokusebenzisa ubugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano ukufikelela, ukukhupha nasekuhloleni iinkcukacha nolwazi" utshilo yena uKatherine de Tolly, oqale eli phulo. "Ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ubugcisa bonxibelelwano kubalulekile kuba siphila kwixesha apho abantu banoxanduva lokuba nazo ezi zakhono ukuze babe nokuba nendima eyiyo abayidlalayo kuqoqosho."
uKatherine de Tolly noGqirha Harold Wesso - beCentre for e-innovation; Abahleliyo: nguGqirha Gilbert Lawrence - uMlawuli-Jikelele, uPhilipp Schmidt noEdwin Blake - be-bridges.
Ukuba umba wokusetyenziswa kobugcisa bonxibelelwano awushukuxwa, umsantsa wokungalingani kwizakhono zobugcisa bonxibelelwano uza kuya unwenwa: abo bafikelelayo nabo banezakhono bazuza lutho kobu bugcisa bonxibelelwano kwakunye nokufikelela kulwazi, ngelixa abo bangenazo ezo zakhono naloo mathuba baqhubekeka ngokushiyekela bengafikeleli kula mathuba (umzekelo, abawafumani amathuba engqesho, kwanalawo okuthabatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente kwakunye neengxoxo-mpikiswano ngemiba echaphazela ubomi babantu).
INtshona Koloni ayinakumelana nokungasinanzi isidingo sokuxhobisa abemi bayo ngezakhono zokusebenzisa ubugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano; kuba kaloku ijongene nesoyikiso sokushiyekela ngemva kakhulu kwicandelo lolwazi ukuba ayenzi njalo.
Iphulo iCape Skills e-Literacy Pilot Project liya kugxininisa ekuzeni nezixhobo zoqeqesho kwanokwenza uqeqesho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezisemaphandleni apho ukufikelela koluntu kwi-internet kungakwazeka apha eNtshona Koloni. Ngokuqwalasela izifundo ezifundwe kula mathuba okuqala oqeqesho, isicwangciso-qhinga esiquka onke amacandelo sobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano kwiphondo jikelele siya kukhutshwa.
Izixhobo zoqeqesho ezikhutshiweyo ziya kupapashwa njengomongo ovulelekileyo, nto leyo eya kuthetha ukuba nabani na angazisebenzisa ze aziqhelanise nazo, nokuba sele iyimibutho engajonge ngeniso, abanye oorhulumente, amashishini okanye uluntu nje ngokubanzi.
Ukuze ube nokufumana ezinye iinkcukacha, qhagamshelana noKatherine de Tolly.
Eyesandla: 083 324 4043.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.101610.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kwisicwangciso-qhinga sakhe seKapa Elihlumayo, urhulumente wephondo uzinikele ekuphuhliseni ubutyebi boluntu nobasekuhlaleni, egxininisa ekulungiseleleni ulutsha ingqesho. Ngeli phulo lokuxhobisa uluntu ngezakhono zobuxhaka-xhaka nobugcisa bonxibelelwano, sisebenzela ukucacisa oku kuzinikela kwethu ngeyona ndlela icacileyo nebonakalayo uhlomle watsho uGqirha Harold Wesso, intloko yeCentre for e-Innovation, icandelo likarhulumente wephondo elinoxanduva lokujongana neli phulo.
Obu bugcisa bonxibelelwano bujonga indibanisela yokukwazi ukusebenzisa iikhompyutha kwakunye nendlela eyiyo yokusetyenziswa kolwazi. "Oku ke kuthetha ukuba asijolisanga nje kuphela ekufundiseni uluntu ukusebenzisa iikhompyutha, koko sikwabafundisa iindlela zokusebenzisa ubugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano ukufikelela, ukukhupha nasekuhloleni iinkcukacha nolwazi" utshilo yena uKatherine de Tolly, oqale eli phulo. "Ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ubugcisa bonxibelelwano kubalulekile kuba siphila kwixesha apho abantu banoxanduva lokuba nazo ezi zakhono ukuze babe nokuba nendima eyiyo abayidlalayo kuqoqosho."
Ukuba umba wokusetyenziswa kobugcisa bonxibelelwano awushukuxwa, umsantsa wokungalingani kwizakhono zobugcisa bonxibelelwano uza kuya unwenwa: abo bafikelelayo nabo banezakhono bazuza lutho kobu bugcisa bonxibelelwano kwakunye nokufikelela kulwazi, ngelixa abo bangenazo ezo zakhono naloo mathuba baqhubekeka ngokushiyekela bengafikeleli kula mathuba (umzekelo, abawafumani amathuba engqesho, kwanalawo okuthabatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente kwakunye neengxoxo-mpikiswano ngemiba echaphazela ubomi babantu).
INtshona Koloni ayinakumelana nokungasinanzi isidingo sokuxhobisa abemi bayo ngezakhono zokusebenzisa ubugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano; kuba kaloku ijongene nesoyikiso sokushiyekela ngemva kakhulu kwicandelo lolwazi ukuba ayenzi njalo.
Iphulo iCape Skills e-Literacy Pilot Project liya kugxininisa ekuzeni nezixhobo zoqeqesho kwanokwenza uqeqesho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezisemaphandleni apho ukufikelela koluntu kwi-internet kungakwazeka apha eNtshona Koloni. Ngokuqwalasela izifundo ezifundwe kula mathuba okuqala oqeqesho, isicwangciso-qhinga esiquka onke amacandelo sobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano kwiphondo jikelele siya kukhutshwa.
Izixhobo zoqeqesho ezikhutshiweyo ziya kupapashwa njengomongo ovulelekileyo, nto leyo eya kuthetha ukuba nabani na angazisebenzisa ze aziqhelanise nazo, nokuba sele iyimibutho engajonge ngeniso, abanye oorhulumente, amashishini okanye uluntu nje ngokubanzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10163.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe loPhuhliso loQoqosho noKhenketho luxhasa ushishino lwempahla yokunxiba neyalukiweyo ngokwe- Zikolalo leeNkonzo Zempahla Yokunxiba Neyalukiweyo (i-Clotex).
I-Clotex inikezela ngezifundo zoqeqesho phantsi kwezihloko ezahluka-hlukeneyo kwakunye nobuchule obufunekayo kushishino lwempahla yokunxiba kunye neyalukiweyo, kwakunye nokufikelela kulwazi, kwimbonakalo yomthetho, kubunkunkqela bemali, kubunkunkqela bekhompyutha kwakunye nolwazi ngobugcisa.
ISebe linikezele ngenkxaso-mali kwi Clotex ukuze kubekho uMboniso weMpahla neMpahla eyolukiweyo, uMsebenzi ngeNgcebiso neNdibano kwakunye noqeqesho lwabasebenzi bokusika, bokwenza nokuhombisa.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10163.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-Clotex inikezela ngezifundo zoqeqesho phantsi kwezihloko ezahluka-hlukeneyo kwakunye nobuchule obufunekayo kushishino lwempahla yokunxiba kunye neyalukiweyo, kwakunye nokufikelela kulwazi, kwimbonakalo yomthetho, kubunkunkqela bemali, kubunkunkqela bekhompyutha kwakunye nolwazi ngobugcisa.
ISebe linikezele ngenkxaso-mali kwi Clotex ukuze kubekho uMboniso weMpahla neMpahla eyolukiweyo, uMsebenzi ngeNgcebiso neNdibano kwakunye noqeqesho lwabasebenzi bokusika, bokwenza nokuhombisa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.101645.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli ziko leenkonzo ezizodwa libonelela Ngonyango Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Asebenza Ngendlela Engummangaliso kubantu abakulungeleyo oku nabaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, oko ke kukuthi, abantu abakwisigaba sesine sale ntsholongwane ngokuchazwa yiklinikhi, okanye ke abo banesibalo iCD4 esingaphantsi kwama-200. Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngonyango ngamachiza alwa nolwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo nokuba ngubani na onokulufumana olu nyango kurhulumente, cofa apha.
Qwalasela: Izigulana eziphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ezingafikeleliyo kweli nqanaba lokufumana olu nyango lulodwa zinyangwa kwiklinikhi yentsholongwane kaGawulayo olufana neZiko Loluntu Lwezempilo.
Izigulana kufuneka zibe zihlala kwingingqqi yeGugulethu, ngingqi leyo iquka iNyanga East, iCrossroads kunye nePhilippi. Phambi kokuqaliswa kwale nkqubo yonyango, izigulana zizimasa iindibano ezintathu '"zokulungela olu nyango" apho zifunda banzi ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu, kwanangonyango olu neziphumo zalo. Le nkonzo inikezelwa simahla kwizigulana ezingenayo iMedical Aid, ngokomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente wezempilo.
Namphi na ugqirha okanye umongikazi onawo la magunyaangazithumela izigulana kweli ziko, asebenzise iphetshana lokuthumela izigulana elinokufumaneka xa licelwa kwezi nombolo zeminxeba zingezantsi apha. Abasebenzi besebe lezempilo abanamagunya okuthumela izigulana kufuneka banikezele ngeenkcukacha ezizizo zaseklinikhi ezifana nembali yempilo yesigulana eso, amayeza esisawasebenzisayo okwangoku, imeko yaso ngokwaseklinikhi kwakunye nesibalo sakhe seCD4 sangaphambili.
Ukususela ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu, ngentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni kuye kuma ngentsimbi yesine malanga.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10181.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
IZiko leMveliso Ethengiselwa Amazwe Angaphandle lamiselwa kuMzantsi Kapa ukunyusa umgangatho wemveliso ephuma kule ngingqi. Imiswe kwi- Ziko Loshishino loMzantsi Kapa eGeorge, Ziko elo likhuphela imveliso kumazwe angaphandle linikezela abo bathengisela amazwe angaphandle abakhasayo nabasele bekhona ngengcebiso exabisekileyo kwakunye nolwazi lorhwebo.
uqeqesho ulwazi ingcebiso imisebenzi yorhwebo (lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle).
<fn>GOV-ZA.10197.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngubani ojongana nezicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba?
Kufikelelwa njani kwizigqibo ngezicelo?
Oomaspala bethu banoxanduva lokujongana nezicelo zophuhliso, ezifana nezicelo zokuphuma kwimida yezakhiwo okanye izicelo zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili okanye zokwahlula-hlulwa komhlaba. Oomaspala bagqiba ekubeni kujongwane njani nezi zicelo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho, imigaqo-nkqubo kwanemikhomba-ndlela ephuma kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo Engqongileyo noPhuhliso loCwangciso. Ngamaxesha athile, umzekelo, kwizicelo ezinobunzima kakhulu zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili, oomspala baya kuthumela ezo zicelo kweli Sebe ukuze zingeniswe kuMphathiswa oyakuthi ke yena athathe isigqibo sokugqibela.
Eli Sebe liphicotha izicelo ezinento yokwenza nezolimo, oku likwenzela iSebe lesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, iSebe lesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni. Eli Sebe likwajongana nezicelo ezinento yokwenza nezimbiwa, oku likwenzela isebe lesizwe leZimbiwa naMandla, elesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, elesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni.
Phambi kokuba kufikelelwe kwisigqibo ngesicelo sophuhliso ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wesicwangciso sokusetyenziswa komhlaba, isicelo eso kufuneka kuqala sifakwe phantsi kweenkqubo apho uluntu lufaka khona igalelo luveze neembono futhi kumanye amaxesha, imvume yamaqumrhu awahlukeneyo karhulumente iyafuneka. Ukuba isicelo siwa phantsi kwenqanaba elithile lokuguqulwa komhlaba, sidla ngokuthunyelwa kweli Sebe.
Izicelo ziphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho iEnvironmental Conservation Act, ka- 1989 ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo ohlanganisiweyo wendalo engqongileyo nemiba yocwangciso iyajongwa. Eli Sebe liqinisekisa ukuba ezi zicelo zihlanganiswa nezinye ezikwafana nazo ezizezi: iingxelo zezimbiwa, izicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba kwanezicwangciso zezithuba nezezicwangciso-maqhinga.
Xa isicelo sophuhliso sele sinikwe ingqwalasela ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wendalo engqongileyo, isigunyaziso, iphepha-mvume okanye isigqibo - nayiphi na kwezi efanele ukukhutshwa - iyakhutshwa.
Isigqibo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wokusetyenziswa komhlaba sinokuthatyathwa kuphela emva kokuba isicelo eso sikhe saphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yomthetho ojongene nendalo engqongileyo.
Xa umaspala sele efikelele kwisigqibo, isibheno kweso sigqibo singafakwa kweli Sebe ukuze sinikezelwe kuMphathiswa.
Ukuba unombuzo ngesicelo sophuhliso osifakileyo, kufuneka uwuthumele kwicandelo ofake isicelo sakho kulo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.102073.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Izixa ezintsha zeenkxaso-mali zoluntu eziphuma kurhulumente zika-2005 ziya kuqalisa ukusebenza ukususela ngomhla wokuqala apha kuTshazimpunzi ka-2005.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10210.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isebe linakho ukuhlanganisa iimephu ezibonisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba kwakunye nezixhobo ngokusekelwe kwimimandla ye-GIS. Ezi mephu zivuleleke kuluntu ngokubanzi.
inani leekopi ezifunwayo iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano nedilesi emaziye kuyo usuku lokuvalwa oluseyingcebiso nje.
Izicelo zeemephu kufuneka zenziwe ngembalelwano (nge-email / ifeksi/ ileta) zithunyelwe kwiCandelo Iinkonzo zolwazi futhi neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano kufuneka zinikezelwe.
Iimephu zingahlawulelwa ngemali eziinkozo okanye ngetsheki. Iitsheki kufuneka zihlawulwe kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo Engqongileyo & noPhuhliso loCwangciso.
Usenakho nokuhlanganisa eyakho imephu usebenzisa amaxwebhu enkangeleko asele ekho.
Ukuncedisa ngemisebenzi ye-ArcExplorer, incwadana yemephu ehlanganiswe lisebe eli ebonisa ngendlela emayisetyenziswe ngayo imephu le iyafumaneka kwikhompyutha (162 KB - 4 amaphepha ama-4).
Amaxwebhu enkangeleko "zizinto ezisikiweyo" ze zabekwa kwiindawo zokugcina ze-.zip. Iba yingcebiso ke ukuba usebenzise iWinZip okanye enye indlela efanayo ukuze ukwazi ukufikelela kwiindawo zokufihla ezo.
Lonke ulwazi lunikezelwa ngaphandle kwamalungelo okulusasaza. Ulwazi olusasazwe leli Sebe alunakukotshwa, lusasazwe ngaphakathi okanye luthengiswe nangayiphi na indlela (ngokwerhafu iVAT okanye nanagayiphi na indlela) kuye nabani na/ kuwo nawaphi na amaqela angengawo awombutho/isebe lakho. Iikopi ezininzi zeembumba zolwazi zinokusasazwa ngaphakathi kuphela.
<fn>GOV-ZA.102639.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Imibutho yezeNkcubeko eNtshona Koloni, Ngaphandle Kweminyhadala, esebenza ngokwenza izinto zobugcisa obubonwayo okanye obubhalwayo, inzululwazi ngezendalo, ezoluntu, imbali engezenkcubeko okanye ukwaziswa kolutsha ngezenkcubeko nokuzibandakanya, ingafaka isicelo sokufumana inkxaso-mali yokuqhuba iprojekthi kwiKhomishoni yezeNkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.102911.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iCape Access lijoliswe ekwabelaneni ngeenzuzo zobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano kuzo zonke iindawo zaseNtshona Koloni. ICape Access le liphulo elijolise eluntwini nelibona ubugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano njengesixhobo esinokwakha ulwazi ze futhi sidale namathuba. Ngeli phulo, uluntu ekuhlaleni lunikwa amathuba okufikelela kwiikhompyutha ne-internet, ndawonye nezakhono zokusebenzisa la mathuba eza nezi zixhobo.
Inkqubo yeCape Access isebenzisa izixhobo ezintsha nezindala ukunika uluntu oluhlala emaphandleni ithuba lokufikelela kubugcisa bonxibelelwano kwakunye neenzuzo ezinokufumaneka kubo. Ngokusebenzisa amaziko eekhompyutha asele ekho kwizikolo nakumaziko asekuhlaleni, iCape Access ngolo hlobo inceda uluntu ekuhlaeni ukuba lufumane ezona nzuzo ziya kuba lulutho kulo kwezi zixhobo. Amaziko amatsha eekhompyutha sele efakiwe kumathala eencwadi kwiingingqi zokuhlala apho kungekho zixhobo zabugcisa bonxibelelwano okanye zinganelanga khona.
Iindawo zokuqala ezikumathala eencwadi eziza kufakelwa kuzo ezi zixhobo zisebenzisa ubugcisa beSmart Cape obuze neSixeko saseKapa ngenjongo zokufezekisa iphulo lokufikeleleka kwethala leencwadi laseKapa (iSmart Cape) Oku ke kunceda abasebenzisi ukuba bakwazi ukubhalisa kwikhompyutha, bazenzele ii-akhawunti ze-email ukuze babe nokufikelela kwi-internet. Abasebenzisi banikwa ixesha eliyimizuzu engamashumi amane anesihlanu kuyo nayiphi na enye yezi khompyutha zintlanu kumathala eencwadi.
indawo nganye eza kusetyenziselwa eli phulo leCape Access isekelwe iqela lengxoxo ngemiba yobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano, qela elo lenziwe ngabameli abohlukeneyo basekuhlaleni, kuquka iinkokheli zasekuhlaleni, imibutho engajonge ngeniso, abameli bale nkonzp kwakunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni olunomdla.
Ixesha namandla amaninzi lityalwe ekusekeni nasekuqiniseni la maqela eengxoxo ngemiba yobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano, njengoko uphando sele lubonisile ukuba amanye amanyathelo amaziko anikezela iinkonzo ngomnxeba aphanza ngenxa yokuba ayegxininisa kakhulu kwimiba yobugcisa ze zingatyali xesha laneleyo kwimiba yoluntu enento yokwenza nokwamkelwa, uqeqesho nophuhliso. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba uluntu ekuhlaleni ludlale indima ephambili ekuchazeni okufunekayo nokuba iphulo eli kufuneka lisebenze njani na. Uluntu ekuhlaleni nalo kukwafuneka lwamkele futhi lusebenzise uxanduva lwalo lokubeka iliso kula maziko.
La Maqela Axoxa Ngobugcisa Bolwazi Nonxibelelwano aya kulawula ukufikeleleka kwala maziko kwakunye neminye nje imiba yokusebenza kwawo. La maqela akwanoxanduva lokudlala eyona ndima iphambili ekuqeqesheni uluntu ekuhlaleni.
Xa ezi ndawo kuza kuqhutyelwa kuzo eli phulo sele zisebenza ngokugcweleyo futhi sele ehlolwe ngenyameko, lo mbono weCape Access (njengoko uhlenga-hlengisiwe ngkwezi ntshukumo zohlolo) uya kusasazelwa kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala. Kucingeleka yaye kukholeleka ukuba ezinye iinkqubo zenkxaso-mali kuya kuziwa nazo ukwenzelwa oku kusasazwa kweli kwezinye iingingqi, nkxaso-mali leyo iya kucelwa kwimibutho yenkxaso nakumashishini.
Ukusekwa kwamaqela Eengxoxo ngemiba yobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano.
<fn>GOV-ZA.102911.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iCape Access lijoliswe ekwabelaneni ngeenzuzo zobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano kuzo zonke iindawo zaseNtshona Koloni. ICape Access le liphulo elijolise eluntwini nelibona ubugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano njengesixhobo esinokwakha ulwazi ze futhi sidale namathuba. Ngeli phulo, uluntu ekuhlaleni lunikwa amathuba okufikelela kwiikhompyutha ne-internet, ndawonye nezakhono zokusebenzisa la mathuba eza nezi zixhobo.
Inkqubo yeCape Access isebenzisa izixhobo ezintsha nezindala ukunika uluntu oluhlala emaphandleni ithuba lokufikelela kubugcisa bonxibelelwano kwakunye neenzuzo ezinokufumaneka kubo. Ngokusebenzisa amaziko eekhompyutha asele ekho kwizikolo nakumaziko asekuhlaleni, iCape Access ngolo hlobo inceda uluntu ekuhlaeni ukuba lufumane ezona nzuzo ziya kuba lulutho kulo kwezi zixhobo. Amaziko amatsha eekhompyutha sele efakiwe kumathala eencwadi kwiingingqi zokuhlala apho kungekho zixhobo zabugcisa bonxibelelwano okanye zinganelanga khona.
Iindawo zokuqala ezikumathala eencwadi eziza kufakelwa kuzo ezi zixhobo zisebenzisa ubugcisa beSmart Cape obuze neSixeko saseKapa ngenjongo zokufezekisa iphulo lokufikeleleka kwethala leencwadi laseKapa (iSmart Cape) Oku ke kunceda abasebenzisi ukuba bakwazi ukubhalisa kwikhompyutha, bazenzele ii-akhawunti ze-email ukuze babe nokufikelela kwi-internet. Abasebenzisi banikwa ixesha eliyimizuzu engamashumi amane anesihlanu kuyo nayiphi na enye yezi khompyutha zintlanu kumathala eencwadi.
Iindawo ezikumaziko oluntu nakwizikolo asebenzisa ubugcisa obusele bukho kade kwezo ndawo. Ibu bugcisa bunokuphuculwa kwixesha leizayo ukunika abasebenzisi ii-akhawunti ze-emails.
indawo nganye eza kusetyenziselwa eli phulo leCape Access isekelwe iqela lengxoxo ngemiba yobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano, qela elo lenziwe ngabameli abohlukeneyo basekuhlaleni, kuquka iinkokheli zasekuhlaleni, imibutho engajonge ngeniso, abameli bale nkonzp kwakunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni olunomdla.
Ixesha namandla amaninzi lityalwe ekusekeni nasekuqiniseni la maqela eengxoxo ngemiba yobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano, njengoko uphando sele lubonisile ukuba amanye amanyathelo amaziko anikezela iinkonzo ngomnxeba aphanza ngenxa yokuba ayegxininisa kakhulu kwimiba yobugcisa ze zingatyali xesha laneleyo kwimiba yoluntu enento yokwenza nokwamkelwa, uqeqesho nophuhliso. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba uluntu ekuhlaleni ludlale indima ephambili ekuchazeni okufunekayo nokuba iphulo eli kufuneka lisebenze njani na. Uluntu ekuhlaleni nalo kukwafuneka lwamkele futhi lusebenzise uxanduva lwalo lokubeka iliso kula maziko.
La Maqela Axoxa Ngobugcisa Bolwazi Nonxibelelwano aya kulawula ukufikeleleka kwala maziko kwakunye neminye nje imiba yokusebenza kwawo. La maqela akwanoxanduva lokudlala eyona ndima iphambili ekuqeqesheni uluntu ekuhlaleni.
Iphulo iCape Access liyingxenye yothotho lwamaphulo obugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano ajoliswe eluntwini naqhutywa yiCentre for e-Innovation. La maphulo ayamene futhi asebenzisa indlela yokujongana nobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano nophuhliso esebenza ngalo mba uwonke.
Inkxaso yoqeqesho iya kunikezelwa kula Maqela ngokusebenzisa iphulo lokuxhobisa uluntu ngezakhono zokusebenzia ubugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano leCentre for e-Innovation, iCape Skills e-Literacy project. Eli phulo liya kuqeqesha amalungu ala maqela axoxa ngobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano njengabaqeqeshi abaya kuthi bona bakuqeqesheka, baqeqeshe uluntu lokuhlala kwiingingqi zawo. Eli nyathelo liqhutywa ngentsebenziswano ne-bridges.org.
ICape Gateway le likhonkco apho abemi banokufikelela lula kulwazi neenkonzo zikarhulumente. Abasebenzisi bamaziko eCape Access baya kwaziswa kwisikhundla sonxibelelwano seCape Gateway ze bafumane noqeqesho ukuze bakwazi ukusisebenzisa esi sikhundla ndawonye neenkonzo zikarhulumente ezifumaneka kwikhompyutha.
Amanye amaphulo asebenzisana neCape aquka iRED Door, Ii-ofisi Zenkxaso Yoshishino Ezikumathala Eencwadi kwakunye Namaziko Oluntu.
I-Centre for e-Innovation inikezele ngenkxaso-mali kwiphulo iCape Access se kube ngo-2006. Isixeko saseKapa sinikezele ngenkxaso eyongezelelweyo kubugcisa, ubuchule nezakhono ezakhelwe kweli Phulo leSmart Cape.
Xa ezi ndawo kuza kuqhutyelwa kuzo eli phulo sele zisebenza ngokugcweleyo futhi sele ehlolwe ngenyameko, lo mbono weCape Access (njengoko uhlenga-hlengisiwe ngkwezi ntshukumo zohlolo) uya kusasazelwa kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala. Kucingeleka yaye kukholeleka ukuba ezinye iinkqubo zenkxaso-mali kuya kuziwa nazo ukwenzelwa oku kusasazwa kweli kwezinye iingingqi, nkxaso-mali leyo iya kucelwa kwimibutho yenkxaso nakumashishini.
Ukusekwa kwamaqela Eengxoxo ngemiba yobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.103439.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
uEpreli/uMeyi 2007, Salute 2006 Staff Function Uhlobo loxwebhu: pdf; ubukhulu: 1.
uNovemba/uDisemba 2006, Uhlobo loxwebhu: pdf; ubukhulu: 1.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.103775.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
iZiko Elijongana Nezikhalazo Ngesipolisa leSebe Lokhuseleko Loluntu lijongana nezikhalazo ngokunikezelwa kweenkonzo, zikhalazo ezo zisuka kuluntu ngamaqumrhu esipolisa afana neNenkonzo Yesipolisa yoMzantsi Afrika kwakunye Namagosa Esipolisa kaMaspala. Eli Ziko lamkela izikhalazo ezinento yokwenza nokunikezelwa kweenkonzo kuphela, umzekelo ukuba akukhange kubekho mpendulo kwityala elithile okanye ukuba amagosa asebupoliseni aziphathe ngeendlela ezigwenxa. Amatyala amakhulu afana nokusweleka elugcinweni lwamapolisa ajongwa liCandelo Lolawulo Elizimeleyo Elijongana Nezikhalazo.
Xa izikhalazo sele zidluliselwe kwiZiko Lezikhalazo Ngesipolisa kuya kuthi kwenziwe uvavanyo okanye inyathelo lokuqala lophando ukuze kufumaneke ingqiniseko ngobunyani besikhalazo eso. Kuthi ke kwenziwe amalinge okusombulula le nyewe ngokuthi kusetyenziswane ze kungenelele naloo maqumrhu okanye abo bantu bachaphazelekayo nabasemagunyeni.
Ukuba ilungu elithile lequmrhu lesipolisa lithi lifunyaniswe linetyala lokungaziphathi ngenndlela eyiyo neyamkelekileyo, eso sigqibo siya kuthi sidluliselwe kuMkomishinala wePhondo okanye kumntu okanye iqumrhu elijongene noko ukuze liphande nzulu.
Ukuba ufuna ukufaka isikhalazo ngequmrhu elithile lesipolisa, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo onokulifumana apha ngohlobo lwe-excel okanye ngokohlobo lwe- pdf.
Utsalele umnxeba icandelo lezikhalazo kule nombolo 021 483 4332.
Ubhalele iZiko Lezikhalazo Ngesipolisa, kwiSebe Lokhuseleko Loluntu, PO Box 5346, eKapa, 5000.
Yisa isikhalazo ngokwakho eTower Block, 12th Floor, kwa-4 kwiSitalato iDorp, eKapa.
Thumela ngefeksi iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo eligcwalisiweyo kule nombolo 021 483 6026.
Thumela nge-email iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo kule dilesi policingcomplaints@pgwc.gov.za.
Xa unokuzifumana ukwimwko apho ufuna ukwazisa eli Sebe ngeenkonzo ezintle nezisemgangathweni ezinikezelwa liqumrhu elithile lesipolisa, ungazithumela ezo nkcukacha kule dilesi ye-email policingcomplaints@pgwc.gov.za.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.103775.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iZiko Elijongana Nezikhalazo Ngesipolisa leSebe Lokhuseleko Loluntu lijongana nezikhalazo ngokunikezelwa kweenkonzo, zikhalazo ezo zisuka kuluntu ngamaqumrhu esipolisa afana neNenkonzo Yesipolisa yoMzantsi Afrika kwakunye Namagosa Esipolisa kaMaspala. Eli Ziko lamkela izikhalazo ezinento yokwenza nokunikezelwa kweenkonzo kuphela, umzekelo ukuba akukhange kubekho mpendulo kwityala elithile okanye ukuba amagosa asebupoliseni aziphathe ngeendlela ezigwenxa. Amatyala amakhulu afana nokusweleka elugcinweni lwamapolisa ajongwa liCandelo Lolawulo Elizimeleyo Elijongana Nezikhalazo.
Xa izikhalazo sele zidluliselwe kwiZiko Lezikhalazo Ngesipolisa kuya kuthi kwenziwe uvavanyo okanye inyathelo lokuqala lophando ukuze kufumaneke ingqiniseko ngobunyani besikhalazo eso. Kuthi ke kwenziwe amalinge okusombulula le nyewe ngokuthi kusetyenziswane ze kungenelele naloo maqumrhu okanye abo bantu bachaphazelekayo nabasemagunyeni.
Ukuba ilungu elithile lequmrhu lesipolisa lithi lifunyaniswe linetyala lokungaziphathi ngenndlela eyiyo neyamkelekileyo, eso sigqibo siya kuthi sidluliselwe kuMkomishinala wePhondo okanye kumntu okanye iqumrhu elijongene noko ukuze liphande nzulu.
Utsalele umnxeba icandelo lezikhalazo kule nombolo 021 483 4332.
Thumela ngefeksi iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo eligcwalisiweyo kule nombolo 021 483 6026.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10418.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Labongameli liyayithakazelela into yokusasaza ulwazi ngeenkqubo zenzuzo yemvelisa eya ngaphandle, ingakumbi ulwazi lwenzuzo yorhwebo olutsha lwesizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10420.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa uRhulumente weSizwe ethetha-thethana ngezivumelwano zorhwebo olutsha, aBaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lezoRhwebo basasaza ulwazi ngezivumelwano kwabo bathengisela amanye amazwe imveliso yeli nakumanye amaqela anomdla. Ukongeza ekunikezeleni umsebenzi obhaliweyo ngezivumelwano zorhwebo, aba baphathi baphinda buqhubae amagumbi okusebenzela.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10423.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukukhula kweentshukumo Kwibala le-Oli elikwingingqi ekude nje nonxweme oluseNtshona yeAfrika kuza namathuba abaluleke kakhulu kwiNtshona Koloni noMzantsi Afrika. Indawo esikuyo ngokomhlaba (ngokobufutshane namabala e-oli), indawo yokushishina ephuhlileyo, amandla okushishina kwanamaziko nezixhobo zamazibuko ezifanelekileyo (eKapa naseSaldanha Bay) zenza iNtshona Koloni ibe yeyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yokushishina kwiinkampani zangaphandle.
Yokunikezela iinkonzo ze ilungise iinqanawa zamabala e-oli.
Yokwakha amaqonga nemilinganiselo.
Izixhobo zokubonelela ngeemveliso.
Yokunikezela ngoqeqesho neenkonzo zabasebenzi.
Ukubonelela ngeemveliso ezisebenzisekayo.
Eli nyathelo lazalwa xa iCape Regional Chamber yaququzelela umhlangano neSebe lephondo Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Notyelelo, iSixeko saseKapa kunye neWESGRO.
Malunga namashumi amabini entsebenziswano yeli shishini namanye amashishini angumvuka okubandakanywa kwamaqabane afana neNational Ports Authority (NPA), iSebe Leentengiso Noshishino (dti), iEskom namanye amaqumrhu kwakunye neenkampani zabucala zinikezela ngobuchule ngeli xesha kumaqela afana neMarketing Strategy Group, iPort Steering Committee kwakunye nezinye.
Kuluvuyo kuthi ukwazisa ukuba eli nyathelo sele lisebenza ngokusesikweni njengenyathelo leli shishini (iNkampani Yesahluko wama-21) eliya kuqhutywa ngentsebenziswano ngamashishini karhulumente nawabucala. Le Nkampani ibizwa ngokuba yiCape Oil and Gas Supply Initiative (iCOGSI ngamafuphi) iya kujolisa ekuphuhliseni ze ibeke iNtshona Koloni njengeqonga elibonelela ngeenkonzo ze-oli nerhasi kwi-Afrika.
Emva kwenkqubo ebivuleleke kuluntu yokuchongwa nokuvotelwa kwaba phathji kweli shishini, izithuba zeBhodi ezisibhozo zagcwaliswa. Ezinye izithuba ezine zezabalawuli abachongwe ngenxa yezikhundla zabo abachongwa zezinye iinkampani ezingamahlakani eCandelo Loluntu. UMlawuli Oyintloko noMncedisi Wakhe nabo sele bechongiwe njengabaqeshwa abasisigxina bale nkampani ukuze balawule ukufezekiswa kwenjongo yamaphulo neenkqubo zayo.
Nangona urhulumente eya kudlala indima exhasayo nje, eli shishini lona ngokwalo liza kuyithathela kulo imisebenzi njengabalawuli beli nyathelo futhi limenyiwe lizame ukufumanisa ukuba ukufezekiswa kweminqweno yeli phulo.
Ingxowa-mali yokuqinisekisa: ukunikezela ngesikhundla solwazi esisesbenzayo sababoneleli beenkonzo ngokuthi kubekwe iliso ekunakanweni nasekuqinisekisweni kobunyani.
Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwabanikezeli Ngeenkonzo: ukuncedisa kwiinzame zokufumana iziqinisekiso ezikwimigangatho ethe kratya.
Iphulo Lezikhundla: inyathelo lokutsala umdla wokuhlaziywa ze kwakhiwe nezikhundla ezikude kufuphi nonxweme.
Ingxowa-mali yokufumanisa ukuba iphulo eli liya kusebenza na: inkxaso-mali yembewu eyenzelwe izifundo zokujonga ukuba lingaphumelela na eli phulo ukuphucula izixhobo zezibuko eli (ngentsebenziswano no-Eskom).
Ukonyuka kokusebenza ngokukhuphisana kweli shishini ngokweenkqubo ezifana nezi zingentla apha.
URhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni kunye neSixeko saseKapa bafumanise ukubaluleka kolu shishino kuqoqosho lwabo ze bakhuphela Icogsi izigidi ezintathu zeerandi. Le mali iya kusetyenziswa kwezi nkqubo zikhankanyiwe phezulu apha, futhi iya kulawulwa yiBhodi yeCOGSI noMlawuli Oyintloko. Ikwabekelwe ukuxhasa nokunyusa inkxaso-mali esuka kuRhulumente Wesizwe nakwabanye amaxhasi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10423.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukukhula kweentshukumo Kwibala le-Oli elikwingingqi ekude nje nonxweme oluseNtshona yeAfrika kuza namathuba abaluleke kakhulu kwiNtshona Koloni noMzantsi Afrika. Indawo esikuyo ngokomhlaba (ngokobufutshane namabala e-oli), indawo yokushishina ephuhlileyo, amandla okushishina kwanamaziko nezixhobo zamazibuko ezifanelekileyo (eKapa naseSaldanha Bay) zenza iNtshona Koloni ibe yeyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yokushishina kwiinkampani zangaphandle.
Yokunikezela iinkonzo ze ilungise iinqanawa zamabala e-oli.
Yokwakha amaqonga nemilinganiselo.
Izixhobo zokubonelela ngeemveliso.
Yokunikezela ngoqeqesho neenkonzo zabasebenzi.
Ukubonelela ngeemveliso ezisebenzisekayo.
Kuluvuyo kuthi ukwazisa ukuba eli nyathelo sele lisebenza ngokusesikweni njengenyathelo leli shishini (iNkampani Yesahluko wama-21) eliya kuqhutywa ngentsebenziswano ngamashishini karhulumente nawabucala. Le Nkampani ibizwa ngokuba yiCape Oil and Gas Supply Initiative (iCOGSI ngamafuphi) iya kujolisa ekuphuhliseni ze ibeke iNtshona Koloni njengeqonga elibonelela ngeenkonzo ze-oli nerhasi kwi-Afrika.
Emva kwenkqubo ebivuleleke kuluntu yokuchongwa nokuvotelwa kwaba phathji kweli shishini, izithuba zeBhodi ezisibhozo zagcwaliswa. Ezinye izithuba ezine zezabalawuli abachongwe ngenxa yezikhundla zabo abachongwa zezinye iinkampani ezingamahlakani eCandelo Loluntu. UMlawuli Oyintloko noMncedisi Wakhe nabo sele bechongiwe njengabaqeshwa abasisigxina bale nkampani ukuze balawule ukufezekiswa kwenjongo yamaphulo neenkqubo zayo.
Nangona urhulumente eya kudlala indima exhasayo nje, eli shishini lona ngokwalo liza kuyithathela kulo imisebenzi njengabalawuli beli nyathelo futhi limenyiwe lizame ukufumanisa ukuba ukufezekiswa kweminqweno yeli phulo.
Ingxowa-mali yokuqinisekisa: ukunikezela ngesikhundla solwazi esisesbenzayo sababoneleli beenkonzo ngokuthi kubekwe iliso ekunakanweni nasekuqinisekisweni kobunyani.
Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwabanikezeli Ngeenkonzo: ukuncedisa kwiinzame zokufumana iziqinisekiso ezikwimigangatho ethe kratya.
Iphulo Lezikhundla: inyathelo lokutsala umdla wokuhlaziywa ze kwakhiwe nezikhundla ezikude kufuphi nonxweme.
Ingxowa-mali yokufumanisa ukuba iphulo eli liya kusebenza na: inkxaso-mali yembewu eyenzelwe izifundo zokujonga ukuba lingaphumelela na eli phulo ukuphucula izixhobo zezibuko eli (ngentsebenziswano no-Eskom).
Ukonyuka kokusebenza ngokukhuphisana kweli shishini ngokweenkqubo ezifana nezi zingentla apha.
URhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni kunye neSixeko saseKapa bafumanise ukubaluleka kolu shishino kuqoqosho lwabo ze bakhuphela Icogsi izigidi ezintathu zeerandi. Le mali iya kusetyenziswa kwezi nkqubo zikhankanyiwe phezulu apha, futhi iya kulawulwa yiBhodi yeCOGSI noMlawuli Oyintloko. Ikwabekelwe ukuxhasa nokunyusa inkxaso-mali esuka kuRhulumente Wesizwe nakwabanye amaxhasi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10425.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
I-Cape Biotech Initiative (CBI) yabhengezwa ngonyaka ka 2002/2003. Sisambuleni sembutho esijolise ekudaleni urhwebo lobugcisa ngezinto eziphilayo oluxakeke kakhulu eNtshona-Koloni. ICBI imele umdla worhwebo, izifundiswa, urhulumente, ezemali, uluntu nabo bonke abathathi benxaxheba kummandla wobugcisa bofundo ngezinto eziphilayo. Uqaliso lwaphumelela ukunikwa umsebenzi wokumisa isifukamisi esibiza i-R150 ezigidi ngokwemigaqo ye-National Biotechnology Strategy.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10441.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho lingawathumela amafama kuthotho lweenkqubo zokuwaxhobisa ngolwazi, inkxaso noqeqesho.
Okwakaloku nje ngoku kusajoliswe ingakumbi ekuxhaseni iintshukumo zophuhliso neentengiso kweemveliso zomgquba ngenxa yeemfuno zoluntu lweli lizwe nolwamazwe angaphandle, iinzuzo zezi zokulima ngokweendlela zokuvelisa zemvelo kwanokuzigcina zikho, kwanenyaniso yokuba indlela yokulima iimveliso zomgquba iba lulutho ekulimeni kwamafama asakhasayo.
Amafama alima iimveliso zomgquba angafikelela kuqeqesho, inkxaso yoshishino neyokuzithengisa kwanoncedo lweengcali zoshishino lwezolimo ngokwenkqubo yenkxaso kushishino lwezolimo. Uphuhliso lwamafama alima iimveliso zomgquba luxhaswa iBhunga Lophando Kwezolimo, ngokwequmrhu elithunywe sisizwe, kwakunye ne- Elsenberg.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10441.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho lingawathumela amafama kuthotho lweenkqubo zokuwaxhobisa ngolwazi, inkxaso noqeqesho.
Okwakaloku nje ngoku kusajoliswe ingakumbi ekuxhaseni iintshukumo zophuhliso neentengiso kweemveliso zomgquba ngenxa yeemfuno zoluntu lweli lizwe nolwamazwe angaphandle, iinzuzo zezi zokulima ngokweendlela zokuvelisa zemvelo kwanokuzigcina zikho, kwanenyaniso yokuba indlela yokulima iimveliso zomgquba iba lulutho ekulimeni kwamafama asakhasayo.
Amafama alima iimveliso zomgquba angafikelela kuqeqesho, inkxaso yoshishino neyokuzithengisa kwanoncedo lweengcali zoshishino lwezolimo ngokwenkqubo yenkxaso kushishino lwezolimo. Uphuhliso lwamafama alima iimveliso zomgquba luxhaswa iBhunga Lophando Kwezolimo, ngokwequmrhu elithunywe sisizwe, kwakunye ne- Elsenberg.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10446.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo leNgcaciso lijongene nokuphendula imibuzo kwakunye nokwenza unikezelo kumashishini nakwamanye amaqela ngomsebenzi weSebe kwakunye nesibonelelo soShishino esiphuma kuRhulumente.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10452.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo anganobungozi kumandla okuvelisa, ingenso kwakunye nentlalo-ntle yabaqeshwa neentsapho zabo. Imigaqo-nkqubo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo Emisebenzini kwakunye neenkqubo zingadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphamiseni ubulumko ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo, ukuthintela ukosuleleka yile ntsholongwane kwanokunonophela abantu abaphila kwanale ntsholongwane.
Umgaqo-nkqubo ojongana nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo luxwebu olubhalawayo oluthi thaca indawo omi kuyo umbutho okanye inkampani kwakunye neentshukumo ezenzayo kwiinzame zokusombulula ingxaki eyintsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Uchaza indawo emi kuyo inkampani ethile ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo ze futhi ubeke nezikhokelo ezicacileyo ngokuba le ntsholongwane noGawulayo ziya kulawulwa njani na kwindawo yokusebenzela.
Uhambelanisa impendulo yaloo ndawo yokusebenzela nesikhokelo sezomthetho sesizwe.
Uqinisekisa ukungabi namkhethe.
Ubonakalisa ze ukhusele amalungelo noxanduva lwabaqeshi nolwabaqeshwa ngokwalo bhubhane unguGawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe.
Ubeka imigangatho yeendlela zokuziphatha ezilindeleke kubo bonke abaqeshi nabaqeshwa.
Useka ubunye kuloo nkampani.
Ubeka umgangatho wonxibelelwano ngalo mba wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Unikezela ngesisekelo esisemgangathweni sokwakha inkqubo yasemesebenzini yokujongana nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Wazisa abaqeshwa ngoncedo abanokufikelela kulo.
Uvakalisa ukuzinikela ekumelaneni nomba wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Uqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokuthobela iintshukumo ezilolu hlobo zesizwe nezamazwe angaphandle.
Eyona miba ibalulekileyo ekufuneka iinkampani zibe zicinga ngayo kumba wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Ukunakanwa nokuthatyathwa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo njengomba wendawo yokusebenzela kuba ibeka esiichengeni amandla okuvelisa, amandla okuza nengeniso kwakunye nentlalo-ntle yabaqeshwa neentsapho zabo. Indawo yokusebenzela, njengenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo kuluntu ekuhlaleni, inendima ebaluleke kakhulu emele ukuyidlala kwiinzame zokhuthintela ukosuleleka yile ntsholongwane.
Ukuphakanyiswa kokulingana nokungangcungcuthekiswa phakathi kwabantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane nabo bangaphili nayo, kwanaphakathi kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo nezinye izigulo ezikwanobuzaza.
Ukudalwa kwesikhundla senkxaso ukuze abaqeshwa abaphla nentsholongwane kaGawulayo babe nakho ukuqhubekeka besebenza phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo abaphangela kuzo de babe kanti abasakwazi kusebenza, bebekwa phantsi ngulo bhubhane.
Ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo nesidima sabantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo - zikhuselo ezo zibalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Ukunakanwa nokuqondwa kwenyaniso yokuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo unefuthe elibi kakhulu kumanina - futhi oku kufuneka kuthatyathelwe ingqalelo ekuqulunqweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo zeendawo zokusebenzela.
Ukunakanwa konxibelelwano, ukubandakanywa kwanokukhuthazwa kwabo bonke ababandakanyekayo kulo mba njengeyona migaqo emele ukuba ngindoqo wowo wonke umgaqo-nkqubo nenkqubo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Ukunakanwa kwenyaniso yokuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo iyathinteleka kwanokuba indawo yokusebenzela kufuneka iqulunqe amalinge asebenzayo okunqanda ukosuleleka yile ntsholongwane.
Inkqubo yendawo yokusebenzela yokujongana nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo sisicwangciso esijoliswe ekuzibandakanyeni kwiintshukumo zokulwa nalo bhubhane inkampani nganye enokusiphumeza njengenye yeenzame zokuthintela ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, ukubonelela ngononophelo nenkxaso kubasebenzi abaphila nayo nabachatshazelwayo ngulo bhubhane, kwanokulawula ifuthe lalo bhubhane kwinkampani leyo.
monitoring, evaluation and review of the programme.
uMgaqo-nkqubo Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo Wamashishini Abucala: Amashishini Alawula uGawulayo, Isikhokelo Sabaphathi, Family Health International.
Okanye ke utyelele uxwebhu olwaziwa njenge- AHI Aids On-line Help-line, xwebhu olo luqulethe ulwazi ngemiba eyahlukeneyo enento yokwenza nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo nendawo yokusebenzela.
Ukubeka iliso kwanokukhokela inyathelo lokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo eNtshona Koloni, ngokuthi kuhlsnganiswe onke loo maqumrhu asele ekho, amatsha kwakunye nalawo aseza kubakho nabandakanyekayo.
Ukojolisa kumashishini amakhulu abucala eli phondo, kumba wokuquinisekisa ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo emisebenzini sele ikho. (La mashishini ke kuya kufuneka anikezele ngeengcebiso ekuqulunqeni nasekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza nokuthotyelwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo zokulwa bhubhane emisebenzini).
Ukuphanda ngefuthe lentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo kuqoqosho lweNtshona Koloni.
Ukuhlola nokuvavanya oko bekusele kwenziwe kwicandelo loshishino labucala. Apho iintshukumo ezizizo nezisemgangathweni ze zaphunyezwa eli candelo likhuthaza imizi-mveliso ukuba yabelane ngoko ibisoloko ikwenza neminye imibutho ze ikhuthaze namajelo eendaba ukuba iwaveze eluntwini la manyathelo.
Ukuza nezilumkiso nokunikezela inkxaso kumashishini asakhasayo ngokwamanyathelo neempumelelo zeenkampani ezinkulu. Imibutho eneenkqubo ezingenzulwanga kuyaphi (mibuitho leyo ingamashishini asakhasayo, aphakathi nakwinqanaba elisezantsi) ingafunda kumava (ezona mpumelelo neempazamo) zamashishini anemigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo esele kudala zikho futhi ingakuqonda ukubaluleka kwala manyathelo. Uphando lubonakalisa ukuba abanini bamashishini asakhasayo baziva bengenamandla okanye magunya kwincandelo lokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Ukhuthaza iinkampani ukuba zithenge izixhobo ezipheleleyo zokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo, eziveliswe yiManyano Yamashishini aseMzantsi Afrika Ekulweni Intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo (iSABCOHA ngamafuphi), ngokunika ingqalelo nokuhlonipha iintshukumo zamazwe ngamazwe. Ezi zixhobo zigqibeleleyo inika amashishini asakhulayo, ingakumbi asakhasayo, aphakathi nakwinqanaba elisezantsi, amaqhinga angadli kakhulu empokothweni okuphumeza iinkqubo zawo zokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Acknowledgement: "Developing an HIV/AIDS Policy - Content, Process, Challenges and Implementation". Joint Project of the African Centre for HIV/AIDS Management in the World of Work (Stellenbosch University) and the Policy Project (South Africa).
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho lunikezela ngeenkonzo simahla futhi lijolise kumashishini nakubasebenzi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10452.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uchaza indawo emi kuyo inkampani ethile ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo ze futhi ubeke nezikhokelo ezicacileyo ngokuba le ntsholongwane noGawulayo ziya kulawulwa njani na kwindawo yokusebenzela.
Uhambelanisa impendulo yaloo ndawo yokusebenzela nesikhokelo sezomthetho sesizwe.
Uqinisekisa ukungabi namkhethe.
Ubeka imigangatho yeendlela zokuziphatha ezilindeleke kubo bonke abaqeshi nabaqeshwa.
Useka ubunye kuloo nkampani.
Ubeka umgangatho wonxibelelwano ngalo mba wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Wazisa abaqeshwa ngoncedo abanokufikelela kulo.
Uvakalisa ukuzinikela ekumelaneni nomba wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Uqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokuthobela iintshukumo ezilolu hlobo zesizwe nezamazwe angaphandle.
Eyona miba ibalulekileyo ekufuneka iinkampani zibe zicinga ngayo kumba wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Ukunakanwa nokuthatyathwa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo njengomba wendawo yokusebenzela kuba ibeka esiichengeni amandla okuvelisa, amandla okuza nengeniso kwakunye nentlalo-ntle yabaqeshwa neentsapho zabo. Indawo yokusebenzela, njengenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo kuluntu ekuhlaleni, inendima ebaluleke kakhulu emele ukuyidlala kwiinzame zokhuthintela ukosuleleka yile ntsholongwane.
Ukudalwa kwesikhundla senkxaso ukuze abaqeshwa abaphla nentsholongwane kaGawulayo babe nakho ukuqhubekeka besebenza phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo abaphangela kuzo de babe kanti abasakwazi kusebenza, bebekwa phantsi ngulo bhubhane.
Ukunakanwa nokuqondwa kwenyaniso yokuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo unefuthe elibi kakhulu kumanina - futhi oku kufuneka kuthatyathelwe ingqalelo ekuqulunqweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo zeendawo zokusebenzela.
Ukunakanwa konxibelelwano, ukubandakanywa kwanokukhuthazwa kwabo bonke ababandakanyekayo kulo mba njengeyona migaqo emele ukuba ngindoqo wowo wonke umgaqo-nkqubo nenkqubo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Ukunakanwa kwenyaniso yokuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo iyathinteleka kwanokuba indawo yokusebenzela kufuneka iqulunqe amalinge asebenzayo okunqanda ukosuleleka yile ntsholongwane.
uphicotho novavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo kwinkampani yakho iinkqubo zokulumkisa ngenetsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo iinkqubo zokuya kuzivavanyela le ntsholongwane kaGawulayo kwakunye neenkqubo zoncedo neengcebiso uqeqesho nemfundo ngentsholongwane kaGawukayo/noGawulayo ukusasazwa kweentsilathi ukukhuthaza unyango lwezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kunye nesifo sephephas iinkqubo ezilawula uthintelo-kosuleleka ukudala indawo yokusebenzela apho abasebenzi abaphila nale ntsholongwane bamkelekileyo kuyo iinkqubo zokuhlala uphilile kubasebenzi abachatshazelwayo yile ntsholongwane noGawulayo ukunikezelwa kwamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye ke ukuthunyelwa kumaziko aya kubanika ezi nkonzo imfundo nezilumkiso ngala machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwale ntsholongwane kwakunye neenkqubo Zokufundisa nokulumkisa uluntu ngeengzo eziza nala machiza onyango uncedo neengcebiso kwakunye nezinye iindlela zenkxaso yoluntu kubasebenzi abaphila nale ntsholongwane ukuhlaliswa kwiindawo ezisemgangathweni kwabasebenzi abaphila nale ntsholongwane izicwangciso-maqhinga zokujongana nokumelana neendleko ezingunobangela-ngqo nezo zingathanga ngqo zentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo monitoring, evaluation and review of the programme.
Ukubeka iliso kwanokukhokela inyathelo lokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo eNtshona Koloni, ngokuthi kuhlsnganiswe onke loo maqumrhu asele ekho, amatsha kwakunye nalawo aseza kubakho nabandakanyekayo.
Ukojolisa kumashishini amakhulu abucala eli phondo, kumba wokuquinisekisa ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo emisebenzini sele ikho. (La mashishini ke kuya kufuneka anikezele ngeengcebiso ekuqulunqeni nasekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza nokuthotyelwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo zokulwa bhubhane emisebenzini).
Ukuhlola nokuvavanya oko bekusele kwenziwe kwicandelo loshishino labucala. Apho iintshukumo ezizizo nezisemgangathweni ze zaphunyezwa eli candelo likhuthaza imizi-mveliso ukuba yabelane ngoko ibisoloko ikwenza neminye imibutho ze ikhuthaze namajelo eendaba ukuba iwaveze eluntwini la manyathelo.
Ukuza nezilumkiso nokunikezela inkxaso kumashishini asakhasayo ngokwamanyathelo neempumelelo zeenkampani ezinkulu. Imibutho eneenkqubo ezingenzulwanga kuyaphi (mibuitho leyo ingamashishini asakhasayo, aphakathi nakwinqanaba elisezantsi) ingafunda kumava (ezona mpumelelo neempazamo) zamashishini anemigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo esele kudala zikho futhi ingakuqonda ukubaluleka kwala manyathelo. Uphando lubonakalisa ukuba abanini bamashishini asakhasayo baziva bengenamandla okanye magunya kwincandelo lokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Ukhuthaza iinkampani ukuba zithenge izixhobo ezipheleleyo zokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo, eziveliswe yiManyano Yamashishini aseMzantsi Afrika Ekulweni Intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo (iSABCOHA ngamafuphi), ngokunika ingqalelo nokuhlonipha iintshukumo zamazwe ngamazwe. Ezi zixhobo zigqibeleleyo inika amashishini asakhulayo, ingakumbi asakhasayo, aphakathi nakwinqanaba elisezantsi, amaqhinga angadli kakhulu empokothweni okuphumeza iinkqubo zawo zokulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho lunikezela ngeenkonzo simahla futhi lijolise kumashishini nakubasebenzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10470.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
I -South African Bureau of Standards inoxanduva lokulawula amixabiso emithwalo kwakunye neenkonzo zoMzantsi Afrika.
ICandlo leeNkonzo zoRhwebo linoxanduva lokunikezela ngeziqinisekiso zomgangatho okuqeqeshela imizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo kuMzantsi Afrika jikelele.
ICandelo Elimisela Imigangatho sinikezela ngemigangatho ekhulisa ukhuphiswano eMzantsi Afrika, yaye olunikezela isiseko sokhuseleko, sempilo, sokhuselo nakuyo yonke imiba yemeko yendalo engqongileyo.
IZiko Lokufunda Ukuyila likhuthaza inzuzo ekuyileni ukuze yondle uphuhliso loqoqosho nezifundo ngolwazi lobugcisa eMzantsi Afrika. Eli Ziko lijolise kwimfundo yokuyila, yemizi-mveliso nolwazi, yaye liqukanisa inani elivisayo loyilo lweembasa kwakunye noshicilelo loyilo.
ICandelo leMimiselo silawula mayela nama-70 eenkcukacha ezigunyaziswayo zomthetho ezihlanganisa umndilili wommandla ububanzi. Ezi nkcukacha zigunyazisiweyo yimilinganiselo yomthetho kwakunye nezidingo zokuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso eyenziwe ngaphakathi okanye engeniswe ngaphakathi eMzantsi Afrika okanye ekhutshelwe ngaphandle koMzantsi Afrika iyayenza na eyona migangatho mincinane yezempilo nokhuseleko nanjengoko imiselwe kowona mzi woMzantsi Afrika weMigangatho yeSizwe.
Idilesi Ye-email: info@sabs.co.zaIdilesi Yewebsite : www.stansa.co.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10470.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandlo leeNkonzo zoRhwebo linoxanduva lokunikezela ngeziqinisekiso zomgangatho okuqeqeshela imizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo kuMzantsi Afrika jikelele.
ICandelo Elimisela Imigangatho sinikezela ngemigangatho ekhulisa ukhuphiswano eMzantsi Afrika, yaye olunikezela isiseko sokhuseleko, sempilo, sokhuselo nakuyo yonke imiba yemeko yendalo engqongileyo.
IZiko Lokufunda Ukuyila likhuthaza inzuzo ekuyileni ukuze yondle uphuhliso loqoqosho nezifundo ngolwazi lobugcisa eMzantsi Afrika. Eli Ziko lijolise kwimfundo yokuyila, yemizi-mveliso nolwazi, yaye liqukanisa inani elivisayo loyilo lweembasa kwakunye noshicilelo loyilo.
ICandelo leMimiselo silawula mayela nama-70 eenkcukacha ezigunyaziswayo zomthetho ezihlanganisa umndilili wommandla ububanzi. Ezi nkcukacha zigunyazisiweyo yimilinganiselo yomthetho kwakunye nezidingo zokuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso eyenziwe ngaphakathi okanye engeniswe ngaphakathi eMzantsi Afrika okanye ekhutshelwe ngaphandle koMzantsi Afrika iyayenza na eyona migangatho mincinane yezempilo nokhuseleko nanjengoko imiselwe kowona mzi woMzantsi Afrika weMigangatho yeSizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10481.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba usomashishini othengisa utywala uthi aphaamisane nabanye abantu, oku kunokuthi kanti akuhambiselani nomthetho iLiquor Act okanye ke imiqathango yelo phepha-mvume. Kusenokufakwa isikhalazo emapoliseni, aya kuthi ke wona amthathele amanyathelo loo somashishini. Kwingingqi apho kukho khona umbutho wasekuhlaleni, umzekelo, iqoqo lamapolisa asekuhlaleni okanye umbutho wabahlawuli berhafu osebenzayo, kuya kufuneka lo mbutho waziswe. Ukuba ingxaki leyo iyaqatsela, amapolisa kufuneka athumele ingxelo kwiBhodi Yotywala. IBhodi Yotywala leyo ke ingayichophela le ngxaki ze ibeke nemiqathango kwelo phepha-mvume lokushishina ngotywala ze ilirhoxise okanye ilinqumamise, ukuba oko kuyimfuneko.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isikhalazo ngeshishini elinephepha-mvume lokushishina ngotywala, kufuneka unikezele ngentetho efungelweyo emapoliseni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10483.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Unakho ukungasamkeli isicelo sephepha-mvume lotywala. KuLwesihlanu wokuqala wenyanga, zonke izaziso zokuba nenjongo zokufaka isicelo sephepha-mvume zipapashwa kwiPhepha-ndaba likaRhulumente. Isaziso esikwiPhepha-ndaba likaRhulumente siso kuphela isaziso sofako-sicelo esinikezelwa eLuntwini.
Izizathu zokuba uchase, kubekho ubungqina bokuxhasa oku ukuba kunokwenzeka.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10485.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kucingeleka ukuba kungoku nje zimalunga namashumi amathathu amawaka eendawo ezithengisa nekuselelwa kuzo utywala ezingenazimpephe-mvume zakuthengisa tywala ezisebenza apha eNtshona Koloni.
I-SAB le inika abanini-mashishini abanqwenelayo ukufumana ze basebenze ngamaphepha-mvume okuthengisa utywala ngolwazi oluphangaleleyo kwiindibano zokubazisa apho baza kuthabatha inxaxheba kwiincoko ngenkqubo yokufumana amaphepha-mvume okuthengisa utywala kwaneemfuno zomthetho kubafaki-zicelo. Oku ke kubavumela ukuba benze izigqibo abazikisisileyo ukucinga ngazo phambi kokuba bakhethe uhlobo lwephepha-mvume umntu alifunayo ze bafumanise nokuba umntu uyilungele na. Inkqubo yokubafundisa ikwaquka neengxoxo ngeempembelelo zotywala eluntwini kwakunye nesidingo sokuqhuba ishishini eliluhlonelayo neliluphuhlisayo uluntu.
I-SAB le ikwanikezela nangenkonzo yeengcebiso neyokumangala simahla, apho umfaki-sicelo yena anoxanduva lokukhupha iintlawulo zomthetho kuphela, ezinento yokwenza nesi sicelo, ndawonye neentlawulo zeentengiso ekufuneka zikho.
Xa abafaki-zicelo sele bezifakile izicelo zamaphepha-mvume okushishina ngotywala, le nkampani ibanika uqeqesho kwizakhono zokuqhuba ishishini ukubanceda bakhulise amashishini abo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10500.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ayikonwabisi inkonzo okanye imveliso, unalo ilungelo lokukhalaza. Unakho ukufaka izikhalazo zakho njengoMthengi kwiMisebenzi Yabathengi kwakunye noRhwebo olunoBulungisa.
UMkhuseli Wabathengi kunye neNkundla Yabathengi zikho ngenxa yezibonelelo zo Mthetho weMicimbi Yabathengi weNtshona Koloni (ondima ikukususa Iindlela Zoshishino Ezingalunganga) owawiswa ngenyanga yoMnga ka-2002.
I-Ofisi yoMkhuseli Wabathengi yasekwa ngenyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2003. UMkhuseli Wabathengi usebenza 'njengomtshutshisi' egameni labathengi ukuze azise izikhalazo/amatyala abo phambi kweNkundla le.
INkundla Yabathengi yinkundla ebekelwe bucala izikhalazo zabanthengi. Amalungu ale Nkundla aya kwaziswa ngenyanga yoKwindla ku-2004.
Ungasifaka isikhalazo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwawonke-wonke ongahlawulelwayo kule nombolo 0800-007-081 okanye ngokunxibelelana ne-ofisi yabathengi yeNgcebiso esondeleyo kuwe.
Ungafaka isikhalazo nangokutslela iZiko iCape Gateway kule nombolo 0860 142 142. UMnxulumanisi weZiko loNxibelelwano uya kulibhala phantsi uludwe lwezikhalazo aze akunike inombolo yonxulumano. Isikhalazo siya kufumana ukuqwalaselwa yi-ofisi yoMkhuseli Wabathengi ngeeyurew nje ezingama-24 sifakiwe.
Ungasifaka isikhalazo ngekhompyutha kunye neMbutho yabaThengi yeSizwe.
Khalaza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
Yithi mbho xa ukhalaza.
Qinisa izikhalazo zakho ngamaphepha okuthenga njalo njalo.
Yitsho ofuna kwenziwe.
Banga igunya kodwa ube ngochubekileyo.
Landela izikhalazo zakho emva kwexesha elingephi ukuba awukafumani kuphendulwa.
Bhala phantsi ukuba ngubani na othethe naye yaye nini uze ugcine neekopi zeencwadi ezithunyelwe kuwe.
The Self-Help Approach to Consumer Problems (IiNkcukacha Zoluntu) (File type: pdf; size: 1.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10500.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ayikonwabisi inkonzo okanye imveliso, unalo ilungelo lokukhalaza. Unakho ukufaka izikhalazo zakho njengoMthengi kwiMisebenzi Yabathengi kwakunye noRhwebo olunoBulungisa.
UMkhuseli Wabathengi kunye neNkundla Yabathengi zikho ngenxa yezibonelelo zo Mthetho weMicimbi Yabathengi weNtshona Koloni (ondima ikukususa Iindlela Zoshishino Ezingalunganga) owawiswa ngenyanga yoMnga ka-2002.
I-Ofisi yoMkhuseli Wabathengi yasekwa ngenyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2003. UMkhuseli Wabathengi usebenza 'njengomtshutshisi' egameni labathengi ukuze azise izikhalazo/amatyala abo phambi kweNkundla le.
INkundla Yabathengi yinkundla ebekelwe bucala izikhalazo zabanthengi. Amalungu ale Nkundla aya kwaziswa ngenyanga yoKwindla ku-2004.
Ungasifaka isikhalazo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwawonke-wonke ongahlawulelwayo kule nombolo 0800-007-081 okanye ngokunxibelelana ne-ofisi yabathengi yeNgcebiso esondeleyo kuwe.
Ungafaka isikhalazo nangokutslela iZiko iCape Gateway kule nombolo 0860 142 142. UMnxulumanisi weZiko loNxibelelwano uya kulibhala phantsi uludwe lwezikhalazo aze akunike inombolo yonxulumano. Isikhalazo siya kufumana ukuqwalaselwa yi-ofisi yoMkhuseli Wabathengi ngeeyurew nje ezingama-24 sifakiwe.
Ungasifaka isikhalazo ngekhompyutha kunye neMbutho yabaThengi yeSizwe.
Khalaza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
Qinisa izikhalazo zakho ngamaphepha okuthenga njalo njalo.
Yitsho ofuna kwenziwe.
Banga igunya kodwa ube ngochubekileyo.
Landela izikhalazo zakho emva kwexesha elingephi ukuba awukafumani kuphendulwa.
Bhala phantsi ukuba ngubani na othethe naye yaye nini uze ugcine neekopi zeencwadi ezithunyelwe kuwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10502.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
IiNkonzo Zabathengi neNtengiso Enobulungisa inikezela ngolwazi eLuntwini ngamalungelo njengabaThengi okanye abaSebenzisi beZinto. Baphakamisa nengcamango ephathelele kwimiba ethile ngeendibano zokuqondisa uLuntu, njengoMkhankaso Wokulondoloza imali. Le mpembelelo ijolise ekunyuseni umgangatho wokuzalisa imali phakathi kwabathengi ze ibeke elubala imiba yenzuzo yentengo yokuhlawula ngoko nangoko engaphezu kokuthenga ngetyala nanjengoko abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaninzi bekhungethwe ngamatyala.
gvzyl@pgwc.gov.zaOkanye ungaqhagamshelana ne-ofisi yengcebiso yabathengi ekufutshane nawe okanye utsalele iCape Gateway kwezi nombolo 0860142 142.
The Self-Help Approach to Consumer Problems (IiNkcukacha Zoluntu) (File type: pdf; size: 1.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10502.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
IiNkonzo Zabathengi neNtengiso Enobulungisa inikezela ngolwazi eLuntwini ngamalungelo njengabaThengi okanye abaSebenzisi beZinto. Baphakamisa nengcamango ephathelele kwimiba ethile ngeendibano zokuqondisa uLuntu, njengoMkhankaso Wokulondoloza imali. Le mpembelelo ijolise ekunyuseni umgangatho wokuzalisa imali phakathi kwabathengi ze ibeke elubala imiba yenzuzo yentengo yokuhlawula ngoko nangoko engaphezu kokuthenga ngetyala nanjengoko abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaninzi bekhungethwe ngamatyala.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10507.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Sebe lincedisa iinkqubo zophuhliso loqoqosho lwasekhaya kulo lonke iPhondo leNtshona Kapa, ngenkxaso yezezimali nangokunikezela ngeengcebiso zeengcali, uncedo kuphuhliso lwesicwangciso soshishino kwakunye nezifundo ngokunokuthi kwenzeke.
Imali-nzala yokuqala kaRhulumente wePhondo ezi-R2.7 zezigidi yiyo eyenze ukuba le nkqubo iphumelele, kodwa iNkampani yaseBeaufort West yokukhuliswa kwezityalo ngokusebenzisa amanzi (engumbutho ongajonganga nzala osekwe ngokweCandelo 21) kuza kufuneka ukuba iqhubekeke ngaphandle kwenkxaso kaRhulumente kunyaka-mali ka-2004/2005. Yonke inzala yale nkampani iza kubuyiselwa kuluntu lwalapho okanye isetyenziselwe ukwandisa ubuchule bemveliso kweso siza. Inkqubo yokulinga kulindeleke ukuba iqale ukwenza ingeniso ngoJanuwari ka-2004.
Intsimi yeti yaseWupperthal yathi yancediswa ekwandiseni uncedo lwayo ukwandisa imveliso yayo yeti i-rooibos. Amafama ali-171 avela eWupperthal nakuluntu oluyingqongileyo kungokunje athabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo eqala ekuvunweni ukuya ekulinyweni kwe-rooibos ilinyelwa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe oshishino lwehlabathi.
Ukulima i-rooibos ngokulungelelanisiweyo akunzima kangako yaye kuzisa ixabiso elingcono kumafama. Loo nto ibangela ukuba onke amafama aseWupperthal ngoku alime i-rooibos ngokulungelelanisa.
La mafama anemihlaba emincinane avelisa iitoni eziphakathi kwama-60 nama-70 ngonyaka.
Inkqubo yaseDysseldorp yokuvunwa kweliquorice izinzile yaye kuqeshwe abasebenzi abasigxina abali-11, nabexeshana abangama-50. Eli Sebe lixhase ngezimali inkqubo yokuqala, laze lanikezela ngoqeqesho lophuhliso lobuchule oluqinisekisiweyo kubantu abali-11 kulo mzi-mveliso. Uncedo oluqhubekekayo ngeengcebiso nangobuchule nalo luyanikezelwa yiBhodi yaBaphathi.
Eli Sebe lincedisile ekuxhaseni ngezimali ukusekwa komzi-mveliso weziqhamo ezomisiweyo eVan Wyksdorp, ukuncedisa ekuxhaseni uluntu lwalapho, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho kweso sithili. Ukubhaliswa kweNkampani yeCandelo 21 sele kuza kuqhubeka. Kudaleke amathuba emisebenzi emihlanu esisigxina, nengama-60 yexeshana, nengama-90 eepesenti kubasebenzi bebonke ingabasetyhini.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10511.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukusekwa kwamaqela oPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho kwinqanaba looMasipala kuza kunceda abasemagunyeni apho ukuba banyusele uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwalapho kwimimandla yabo.
baxhase ekwakheni ubuchule babalawuli balapho ngokuthi banikezele ngolwazi lobugcisa nangenkxaso, okanye amava amaCandelo ukuncedisa ekwakheni nasekuphumezeni imigaqo-nkqubo kaMasipala, ubuchule kunye nezicwangciso.
bakhokhelwe ziziCwangciso zoPhuhliso eziHlanganyelweyo zikaMasipala ekwabiweni koncedo kwinqanaba lendawo ethile.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10511.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukusekwa kwamaqela oPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho kwinqanaba looMasipala kuza kunceda abasemagunyeni apho ukuba banyusele uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwalapho kwimimandla yabo.
ukunikezela ngomhlahla-ndlela wobuchule othatyathwe kwimigaqo-nkqubo yomthetho wamaSebe amaCandelo okanye iinkqubo baxhase ekwakheni ubuchule babalawuli balapho ngokuthi banikezele ngolwazi lobugcisa nangenkxaso, okanye amava amaCandelo ukuncedisa ekwakheni nasekuphumezeni imigaqo-nkqubo kaMasipala, ubuchule kunye nezicwangciso.
bakhokhelwe ziziCwangciso zoPhuhliso eziHlanganyelweyo zikaMasipala ekwabiweni koncedo kwinqanaba lendawo ethile.
<fn>GOV-ZA.105126.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > W &gt Ngaphandle Kwamathandabuzo!
Iinkcukacha Ngosuku Lwehlabathi Lokuchasana Necuba (Umhla wama-31 kuCanzibe).
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<fn>GOV-ZA.105144.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ubutyebi obuqulethwe leli thala bambathisa zonke iinkalo zempilo - ezangoku nezakudala - ezinokuqondwa kakuhle nguye wonke ubani kwakunye nabasebenzi kweli candelo lezempilo. Obu bukwaqulethe amacandelo kwezolawulo, kwakunye nophuhliso noqeqesho kwizakhono. Onu butyebi lukwaquka iincwadi, amaphepha-ndaba kunye nemifanekiso bhanya-bhanya. Amaphetshana anikezelwayo naxhonywayo kwakunye neentsilathi ayafumabeka ukuze asasazwe kodwa ke ambalwa.
Ukuze ube lilungu kufuneka ugcwalise ikhadana (yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi yaye ukuba ungomnye wabasebenzi bakarhulumente wephondo, yiza nayo nenombolo yakho yasemsebenzini).
Ungazithatha iincwadi, amaphepha-ndaba okanye imifanekiso bhanya-bhanya ngoko nangoko. Iincwadi, amaphepha-ndaba nemifanekiso bhanya-bhanya zonke zingabolekwa ixesha elingangeeveki ezintathu. Le mpahla ingahlaziywa ukuba akukabikho mntu sele eyalezele ukuyigcinelwa yakubuya.
Ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala apha ku-2005, kuya kufuneka ukhuphe intlawulo ngazo iincwadi ozibuyise emva kwexesha okanye ongazihlaziyanga. Nceda ufake nemali esisohlwayo xa ubuyisa iincwadi zakho. Uya kuxolelwa ungohlwaywa kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala.
Iveki 4 - R3 ngencwadi nganye njalo-njalo.
Nceda wazi ke ngoko ukuba kuya kufuneka uhlawule ixabiso lempahla yeli thala ongayibuyisdanga.
Uncedo ngemibuzo enento yokwenza nophando, kuquka ukukhangela nge-Internet, lungacelwa.
Iincwadi, amaphepha-ndaba, kwakunye nemihlathi ekotshiweyo ingathi ithunyelwe kubasebenzisi beli thala xa bethi bacele oko kwangexesha kusetyenziswa le nkonzo ikhawulezileyo yokuthunyelwa kweposi, ukuba ilungu elo alikwazi kuziyela ngokwalo okanye lithumele umntu aye kulilandela.
Eli Thala lifumaneka emva kweBremer Complex, kwisango leSebe Lophuhliso Noqeqesho Kwizakhono.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10534.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Sebe linoxanduva lokubonelela ngenkxaso kwicandelo lolawulo lwephondo leNtshona Koloni.
Kukunikezela ngenkxaso kwiNkulumbuso.
Ukunikezela ngenkonzo yenkxaso yeengcali kumanye amasebe ze ihlanganise imicimbi ethile yephondo.
Ukunikezela ngeenkonzo zomthetho kwiSebe Lolawulo lwePhondo leNtshona Koloni.
Nokunikezela ngeenkonzo ezithile zenkxaso kuMlawuli Oyintloko weSebe Lolawulo lwePhondo leNtshona Koloni.
INtloko yeSebe leNkulumbuso Ms Virginia Petersen.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.105814.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMlawuli oyiNtloko noPhuhliso lujonge ukukhuthaza, ukulawula, nokunxibelelanisa ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo nophuhliso oluzinzileyo ekuhlalisweni kwabantu kwiSebe loRhulumente woMmandla nezeZindlu.
Ukuphuculwa kwezezindlu nophuhliso lokuhlalisw akwabantu ezindlwini kwakunye noququzelelo nocwangciso kananjalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.105831.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana eliKhulu laMaseko angaphakathi eziBonelelo kaMasipala noLawulo lweNtlekele likhuthaza uphuculo lwamaseko ezibonelelo zangaphakathi zoomasipala, ulawulo lwentlekele, kunye neenkonzo zokucima umlilo.
uphuhliso, umiliselo kunye nolondolozo lolawulo lwentlekele ngokukuko kunye neenkonzo zokucima umlilo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.105833.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana loLawulo lweNtlekele kunye neeNkonzo zoCimo mlilo lijolise ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso, umiliselo kunye nolondolozo lolawulo lwentlekele kunye neenkonzo zocimo mlilo eNtshona Koloni.
Ukuthoboza ubuzaza beentlekele.
Ukuzilungiselela kunye nokuphendula kwiintlekele.
Unxityelelaniso lokuphuthuma kwintlekele.
Unxityelelaniso lweenkonzo zocimo mlilo.
Uphuhliso lweenkqubo zoxhotyiso lwangaphakathi.
Uphuhliso nonxityelelaniso lwezakhiwo zoluntu.
Phuhlisa nokumilisela isicwangciso sephondo sentlekele.
Phuhlisa nokumilisela isicwangciso sephondo sokulinda okungekehli.
Ukuphonononga izicwangciso zentlekele.
Ukuqhuba imithambo yolawulo lwentlekele.
Ukulawula iziko lolawulo lwentlekele lephondo.
Ukunikezela ngenkonzo yobunobhala kwizakhelo ezisemthethweni.
Icandelo loPhuthunyo kwiNtlekele lumelene nokuhlangulwa kwabantu nezakhiwo ezichatshazelwe yintlekele. Linxibelelanisa uhlangulo, lulawula ingxowa mali yohlangulo, kunye nokunxityelelaniswa kolwakhiwo ngokutsha emva kwentlekele nolwakhiwo ngokutsha.
Uqwalaselo kumgangatho weenkonzo zocimo mlilo.
Ulawulo lwemali yezibonelelo zenkxaso ukuya kwiinkonzo zocimo mlilo.
Ukunxityelelaniswa kwezicwangciso zocimo mlilo ezingxamisekileyo.
Ulawulo lophando kwicandelo labantu abagunyazisiweyo.
Ukunikezela ngenkonzo yobunobhala kwizakhelo ezisemthethweni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.105833.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana loLawulo lweNtlekele kunye neeNkonzo zoCimo mlilo lijolise ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso, umiliselo kunye nolondolozo lolawulo lwentlekele kunye neenkonzo zocimo mlilo eNtshona Koloni.
Ukuzilungiselela kunye nokuphendula kwiintlekele.
Phuhlisa nokumilisela isicwangciso sephondo sentlekele.
Phuhlisa nokumilisela isicwangciso sephondo sokulinda okungekehli.
Ukuphonononga izicwangciso zentlekele.
Ukuqhuba imithambo yolawulo lwentlekele.
Ukulawula iziko lolawulo lwentlekele lephondo.
Ukunikezela ngenkonzo yobunobhala kwizakhelo ezisemthethweni.
Icandelo loPhuthunyo kwiNtlekele lumelene nokuhlangulwa kwabantu nezakhiwo ezichatshazelwe yintlekele. Linxibelelanisa uhlangulo, lulawula ingxowa mali yohlangulo, kunye nokunxityelelaniswa kolwakhiwo ngokutsha emva kwentlekele nolwakhiwo ngokutsha.
Uqwalaselo kumgangatho weenkonzo zocimo mlilo.
Ulawulo lwemali yezibonelelo zenkxaso ukuya kwiinkonzo zocimo mlilo.
Ukunxityelelaniswa kwezicwangciso zocimo mlilo ezingxamisekileyo.
Ulawulo lophando kwicandelo labantu abagunyazisiweyo.
Ukunikezela ngenkonzo yobunobhala kwizakhelo ezisemthethweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.105846.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo lomlawuli wezoBudlelwane nabaXhamli noNxibelelwano lijonge ukukhuthaza ubudlelwane kwiinkonzo zonxibelelwano ngaphandle anangaphakathi ngendlela efanelekileyo zeSebe loRhulumente weMimandla nezeZindlu eNtshona Koloni.
Ukwenza umsebenzi ofanelekileyo kwiDESIKA YONCEDO kuncedwa abaxhamli beli sebe kungenjalo abo banelungelo lokuxhamla kwinqkubo yokuhlaliswa ezindlwini.
Ukuqinisekisa ngolawulo olufanelekileyo lolawulo lweeprojekthi ezizodwa umzekelo iHIV-AIDS, EAP, iinkqubo zoLutsha, nokubekwa kweliso ekuphunyezweni kolungelelaniso ngokobulungisa kwimigaqo-nkqubo yamaLungelo oLuntu ingakumbi leyo ichaphazela abantu abaKHUBAZEKILEYO, ASELE BEKHULILE, kunye nezinye izinto ekujoliswe kuzo, njlnjl.
Ukumisela nokulawula iYunithi yeeLwimi yesebe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10608.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iindwendwe ezisafuna ukuhlala ixeshana kulo naliphi na elinye lamaziko olondolozo lwendalo eNtshona Kapa kudingeka ukuba zifake izicelo zoko kwangethuba. Amaziko kwakunye neendleko zahluka ngokweendawo abantu abakuzo.
Iindawo ezithile zikwabonelela nangeentshukumo zokubuka indalo ezifana ne-kayaking, ukwenyuka iikloof, ukwenyuka iintaba ngebhayisekile kwakunye nemiboniso nokuqhutywa kwee-4x4.
I-Assagaaibosch ne-Jonkerhoek nazo zinawo amaziko aqeshisayo okubambela iingqungquthela.
Cofa apha ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngeerhafu..
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10608.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iindwendwe ezisafuna ukuhlala ixeshana kulo naliphi na elinye lamaziko olondolozo lwendalo eNtshona Kapa kudingeka ukuba zifake izicelo zoko kwangethuba. Amaziko kwakunye neendleko zahluka ngokweendawo abantu abakuzo.
Cofa apha ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngeerhafu..
<fn>GOV-ZA.10611.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Unakho ukufumana amanye amaphetshana ezicelo zamaphepha-mvume. Nceda ungazithumeli ngekhompyutha ezi mpepha kwisebe lamaphepha-mvume, kuba kaloku ikopi yesityikityo somfaki-sicelo iyafuneka ekuphunyezweni kwesi sicelo. Nceda uthumele ngefeksi ezi mpepha kule nombolo 021 483 4158.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10614.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izibheno kwizigqibo zeSebe, kuquka Amaxwebhu Aneenkcukacha Zesigqibo ekufikelelwe kuso ngokweMimiselo Yokuhlolwa Kokungqubana neNdalo Engqongileyo (Izaziso zikaRhulumente EziNombolo ingu 1182 nengu 1183 yomhla we-5 kweyoMsintsi ka-1997) njengokuba yafakwa izilungiso (iMimiselo ye-EIA), KUFUNEKA zingeniswe kuMphathiswa iMiba yeNdalo Engqongileyo noCwangciso loPhuhliso, hayi kwiSbe ngokwalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10619.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Isebe eli lijongana ngokwalo nezicelo zamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba elwandle ngeenjongo zophando lwezenzululwazi, ukusebenza ngokuzonwabisa, ushishino ngabatyeleli kwanokufumana indlela yokungea kumhlaba wabanye abantu ukuba ayikho enye indlela yokungena kuloo ndawo. Eli Sebe likwajongana nezicelo zeemvume zokusebenza kwiindawo zokudlala ngamaphenyane.
Izicelo ezi zihlolwa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho woLawulo lweNdalo yeSizwe Engqongileyo, ka-1998, kugxininiswa kakhulu kumhlathi u-24(7) walo mthetho, ngophando, uhlolo kwanonxibelelwano lweziphumo ezidibanisa okungqonge indalo ngenxa yeentshukumo ezifakelwa isicelo eso. Isebe liyaqinisekisa ukuba ezi zicelo zihlanganiswe nezinye izicelo ezisondeleleneyo, ezizezi: isivumelwano sokuqeshisa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho iSea Shore Act, ka-1935, okanye isicelo se-EIA apho ukwakhiwa ngaphantsi kwendawo amanzi aphezulu akuyo ifakelwa isicelo.
Ngokusekelwe kolu hlolo, isigqibo siya kwenziwa liSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo Engqongileyo noCwangciso loPhuhliso nokuba isicelo eso sigunyazisiwe okanye akunjalo.
Isigqibo esibhalwe phantsi sibizwa ngokuba yi-Record of Decision (ROD). Eli ke liphepha elisemthethweni elixela elubala imiqathango efunekayo ukukhusela impilo yabantu kwanendalo engqongileyo. Ukuba intshukumo leyo igunyazisiwe, mhlawumbi iphepha-mvume okanye isiqinisekiso sokusebenza sikhapha I-Record of Decision nayiphi na ekulungeleyo oko.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10619.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isebe eli lijongana ngokwalo nezicelo zamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba elwandle ngeenjongo zophando lwezenzululwazi, ukusebenza ngokuzonwabisa, ushishino ngabatyeleli kwanokufumana indlela yokungea kumhlaba wabanye abantu ukuba ayikho enye indlela yokungena kuloo ndawo. Eli Sebe likwajongana nezicelo zeemvume zokusebenza kwiindawo zokudlala ngamaphenyane.
Izicelo ezi zihlolwa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho woLawulo lweNdalo yeSizwe Engqongileyo, ka-1998, kugxininiswa kakhulu kumhlathi u-24 walo mthetho, ngophando, uhlolo kwanonxibelelwano lweziphumo ezidibanisa okungqonge indalo ngenxa yeentshukumo ezifakelwa isicelo eso. Isebe liyaqinisekisa ukuba ezi zicelo zihlanganiswe nezinye izicelo ezisondeleleneyo, ezizezi: isivumelwano sokuqeshisa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho iSea Shore Act, ka-1935, okanye isicelo se-EIA apho ukwakhiwa ngaphantsi kwendawo amanzi aphezulu akuyo ifakelwa isicelo.
Ngokusekelwe kolu hlolo, isigqibo siya kwenziwa liSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo Engqongileyo noCwangciso loPhuhliso nokuba isicelo eso sigunyazisiwe okanye akunjalo.
Isigqibo esibhalwe phantsi sibizwa ngokuba yi-Record of Decision (ROD). Eli ke liphepha elisemthethweni elixela elubala imiqathango efunekayo ukukhusela impilo yabantu kwanendalo engqongileyo. Ukuba intshukumo leyo igunyazisiwe, mhlawumbi iphepha-mvume okanye isiqinisekiso sokusebenza sikhapha I-Record of Decision nayiphi na ekulungeleyo oko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.106340.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza. Ukuba kuthe kwafumaniseka iqhuma, uya kuthunyelwa kuphando oluthe xhaxhe, oluya kuhlanganisa imammogram, ukususwa nokuxilongwa kweqhuma elo ukufumanisa ukuba alinabungozi na (alinamhlaza) okanye linobungozi (linomhlaza) na, ze ke umntu lowo aqeqeshelwe...
Eli ke liphetshana elinye elinikezela ngeenkcukacha-manani kwanokugqugqisa komhlaza webele kwakunye nemiba ebeka umntu esichengeni sokuhlaselwa lolu hlobo lomhlaza.
Le ncwadana iqulethe izizathu zokuzivavanya amabele rhoqo.
Apha ke sichazela amanina abudala buyiminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu ngokuba ziintoni na ezi pap smear, nokuba kufuneka zenziwe nini futhi zisenzelwa ntoni na.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonkomama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
Eli ke liphetshana Elinikezela Ingcaciso Ngomhlaza Wesibeleko Kubasebenzi Bononophelo Lwempilo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10635.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe loLwakhiwo Lwezindlu linomnxeba onxibelelanisa ngqo osebenza iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku ekunokuthi kuqhagamshelwane ngawo xa kufunwa ulwazi olunxulumene neSebe eli kunye neeprojekti kwaneenkonzo zalo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.1064.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10651.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abaxhamli abangena phantsi kwesi sigaba nabamkela umvuzo ongekho ngaphezu kwama-R3 500baya kuba selungelweni lokufumana imali-mboleko yezindlu elingana nexabisolemveliso elingama-R36&nbsp528 kwaye baya balindeleke ukuba bancedise. Olu lungiselelo sele lukho ngokumayela nesi sigaba luhlala lusebenza.
Abaxhamli abangamadoda abafikelele kwimanyaka engama-65 baze abo bangamabhinqa abafikelele kuma-60, kuqukwa nabaxhamli abafumene igranti yorhulumente, kungajongwanga budala babo, kwanemizi apho imivuzo efunyanwayo ngenyanga ingadlulanga kuma-R3&nbsp500, abayi kuncedisa nganto bona.
Abaxhamli abakhubazekileyo nemizi efumana imivuzo engaphantsi kwama-R3&nbsp500 ngenyanga abangakwaziyo ukuzakhela izindlu ngenxa yemeko yokukhubazekwa kwabo, abayi kuncedisa nganto bona. Ugqirha kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba umntu lowo uya kukhubazeka ubomi bakhe bonke na ukuba anganenxaxheba ekwakheni indlu yakhe.
Abaxhamli abakhathazwa yimpilo, abangenakukwazi mpela okanye okwethutyana ukwakha izindlu zabo, abangafumani mvuzo ungaphezulu kwama-R3&nbsp500 ngenyanga, abayi kuncedisa nganto. Ugqirha kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba umntu lowo akayi kubanako, kangangesithuba esiya kuthathwa yiprojekthi leyo, okanye akanakube akwazi ukuzakhela indlu yakhe.
Imimiselo eyodwa noxolelo luyasebenza kwisigaba ngasinye.
Ezi zinto zizizinxaxhi zisebenza kuzo zonke izigaba zeMali-mboleko yeZindlu (iimali-mboleko, yeprojkethi eNxityelelanisiweyo, yomntu ngamnye, eyintlanganisela yeziko/yequmrhu,). Imali ekunxaxhwe ngayo ihlala ifana nokuba sithini na isixa-mali esiyimali-mboleko aselungelweni laso umfaki-sicelo.
Ukuze ube nokuzuza kwenye yezi nguqu, kufuneka ufake isiqinisekiso sempilo yakho ndawonye nesicelo sakho seNkxaso-mali Yokufumana indlu.
Ngeenkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngeemfuno nenkqubo enento yokwenza neeNkxaso-mali Zomntu Omnye kwiHousing Code.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10651.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abaxhamli abangena phantsi kwesi sigaba nabamkela umvuzo ongekho ngaphezu kwama-R3 500baya kuba selungelweni lokufumana imali-mboleko yezindlu elingana nexabisolemveliso elingama-R36&nbsp528 kwaye baya balindeleke ukuba bancedise. Olu lungiselelo sele lukho ngokumayela nesi sigaba luhlala lusebenza.
Abaxhamli abangamadoda abafikelele kwimanyaka engama-65 baze abo bangamabhinqa abafikelele kuma-60, kuqukwa nabaxhamli abafumene igranti yorhulumente, kungajongwanga budala babo, kwanemizi apho imivuzo efunyanwayo ngenyanga ingadlulanga kuma-R3&nbsp500, abayi kuncedisa nganto bona.
Abaxhamli abakhubazekileyo nemizi efumana imivuzo engaphantsi kwama-R3&nbsp500 ngenyanga abangakwaziyo ukuzakhela izindlu ngenxa yemeko yokukhubazekwa kwabo, abayi kuncedisa nganto bona. Ugqirha kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba umntu lowo uya kukhubazeka ubomi bakhe bonke na ukuba anganenxaxheba ekwakheni indlu yakhe.
Abaxhamli abakhathazwa yimpilo, abangenakukwazi mpela okanye okwethutyana ukwakha izindlu zabo, abangafumani mvuzo ungaphezulu kwama-R3&nbsp500 ngenyanga, abayi kuncedisa nganto. Ugqirha kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba umntu lowo akayi kubanako, kangangesithuba esiya kuthathwa yiprojekthi leyo, okanye akanakube akwazi ukuzakhela indlu yakhe.
Imimiselo eyodwa noxolelo luyasebenza kwisigaba ngasinye.
Ezi zinto zizizinxaxhi zisebenza kuzo zonke izigaba zeMali-mboleko yeZindlu (iimali-mboleko, yeprojkethi eNxityelelanisiweyo, yomntu ngamnye, eyintlanganisela yeziko/yequmrhu,). Imali ekunxaxhwe ngayo ihlala ifana nokuba sithini na isixa-mali esiyimali-mboleko aselungelweni laso umfaki-sicelo.
Ukuze ube nokuzuza kwenye yezi nguqu, kufuneka ufake isiqinisekiso sempilo yakho ndawonye nesicelo sakho seNkxaso-mali Yokufumana indlu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10654.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkxaso-mali Ezimanyanisiweyo ziyilelwe abaxhamli abasele benomhlaba osele uxhaswa ngezimali yaye olungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa ngokufakelwa izibonelelo.
Ukwenza isicelo senkxaso-mali emanyanisiweyo, kufuneka ulandele inkqubo efanayo naleyo yeNkxaso-mali Enxulunyaniswe neProjekti.
Iinkxaso-mali ezinxulumene nomanyaniso ziya kuthi zinikezelwe kubaphuhlisi abaya kuqinisekisa ngokunikezela ngemvume yokuqalwa kweeprojekti. Aba baphuhlisi idla ngokuba ngoomaspala.
Iiprojekti zolwakhiwo-zindlu kufuneka zisekelwe phezu kwezivumelwano ezibandakanya uluntu phakathi kwamaqela achaphazelekayo okanye ethe iprojekti yanefuthe kuwo. Okona kubalulekileyo kukuba iingingqi ezixhamlayo kunye nabaphuhlisi bavumelane ngesiphumo kwanendlela yokwenziwa kwalo msebenzi.
Iinkcukacha zeemfuno zokufaneleka kunye nenkqubo yokwenziwa kwesicelo ziqulethwe KwiZikhokelo zeNkxaso-mali yoLwakhiwo Lwezindlu zeSebe loLwakhiwo Lwezindlu kuRhulumente weSizwe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.1067.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.106871.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Usuku lweAfrika Lokunikezela Ngeenkonzo Eluntwini lusuku apho sihlonipha khona amakhosikazi aliqela kunye namadoda ngokunjalo athe anoxanduva lokusebenzela abantu baseAfrika. Lusuku olubalulekileyo kwikhalenda yethu olu, kwaye silunika ingqalelo apha eNtshona Koloni.
Ngenxa yokuba sikwinkqubo yohlengahlengiso kurhulumente wephondo, nangenxa yezinto ezininzi esizibophelele kuzo kule nyanga - kuqukwa nesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-50 wasekwayo uSomqulu weNkululeko - akuyi kubakho mbhiyozo uya kude wenziwe wolu Suku lweNkonzo yoLuntu lweAfrika kulo nyaka. Nakuba kunjalo ke, siza kuba sinikezela ngeeMbasa zeNkulumbuso ngeNkonzo eBalaseleyo eyenziweyo ngenxa yeenzame zeqela, eliya kwaziswa ngoNovemba kulo nyaka. Oku kongezelela kunikezelo zimbasa ebantwini abanikwa ingqalelo nabo.
Yintoni uSuku lweeNkonzo lweAfrika?
Yintoni uSomqulu weNkonzo yoLuntu weAfrika?
Ngo-2001, aBaphathiswa beeNkonzo zoLuntu badibana kwiNkomfa yesithathu yeBiennial Pan African. Baye bamkela uSomqulu weeNkonzo zoLuntu weAfrika, onjongo yawo yayikukumisela imigangatho eya kubuyisela isidima nentlonelo kwinkonzo yoluntu kuze kuphakanyiswe amanqanaba ndawonye nobuchule koorhulumente.
Imithetho-siseko ehamba kunye noSomqulu iyahambelana neBatho Pele ndawonye nezinye iinjongo kwanezinto eziphambili zenguqulelo zorhulumente. Umxholo walo nyaka nje kukukhunjulwa kwesikhumbuso sonyaka wesixhenxe iWindhoek Declaration - ukuphunyezwa koSomqulu weNkonzo yoLuntu eAfrika. Umgcini weNkonzo yoLuntu yoMzantsi Afrika, DPSA, ulubona olu suku lwanamhlanje njengolubaluleke kakhulu kwimicimbi ekwikhalenda.
Kukuhlanganisa abasebenzi kunye ukuze kukhunjulwe ixabiso nangenxa yophuculo lwenkonzo eyenzelwa uluntu abalusebenzelayo.
kukuqwalasela imiqathango yokusebenza yamadoda namakhosikazi azinikele ubomi bawo bonke ekusebenzeleni uluntu.
nokukhuthaza indlela yokuziphatha efanelekileyo.
Usomqulu uchaza isikhokelo ekuhanjwa ngaso kwinkonzo yoluntu eAfrika ekuthatheni amanyathelo asemthethweni, anemiqathango nanobuchule nasebenzayo njengoko kuya kufuneka xa kusenziwa imimiselo efanelekileyo yokusebenza kwenkonzo yoluntu ngendlela eyiyo nokuphucula umgangatho weenkonzo zakhe.
Le mithetho -siseko nemigaqo yokuziphatha kukuPhathwa ngeNdlela eLinganayo kwabemi, ukuba phakathi kwenkonzo ezinikwa uluntu, oko kusenziwa ngokweenjongo zorhulumente ophetheyo, ukuba semthethweni kwezigqibo ezilawulayo zokuthotyelwa kwemithetho nemiqathango, Ukuqhubeka ngokwenkonzo esoloko inikwa abaxhamli, Ukusondela nokufikelela kwiinkonzo; ukuthatha inxaxheba, ukucebisa nokulamla/ukungenelela, ukusulungeka, ukuba luncedo nokufaneleka, ukuvandlakanywa kweenkonzo, ukusebenza ngokungafihlisiyo kunye neeNkcukacha , iSantya nokusabela, ukuthembeka nokuyigcina ekhusini iinkcukacha echaphazela abemi.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwecandelo andelo lolawulo leenkonzo zoluntu nabasebenzi balo liya kusekwa phezu kwexabiso nokuhlonela amalungelo oluntu. Inkonzo yoluntu nganye kufuneka ibone uphuhliso lwabasebenzi abazimiseleyo ngeli xesha kuqinisekiswa uphuhliso lwabasebenzi kunye nokuzinezisa. Oku kufuneka lubonakaliswe ekuqeshweni kwabasebenzi nokunyuselwa kwabo, iintshukumo zabasebenzi nokusatyalaliswa kwabasebenzi, ukuqeqeshwa nokuphuhliswa kwabasebenzi, ukukhuthazwa kwabaSebenzi, Umvuzo nokhuseleko emzimbeni, iimeko zokusebenza nokuba sesikhundleni.
Imimiselo yikuziphatha komsebenzi wenkono yoluntu iya kusekwa phezu kwenkonzo yoluntu ebethelela indlela yokuziphatha nemithetho-siseko. Imigaqo yokuziphatha yabasebenzi benkonzo yoluntu iya kuba yinxenye yenkqubo ehlanganisiweyo echasene nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Usomqulu uvakalisa izimvo zokuzimisela kwaMazwe aseAfrika ekwaqaqambisa ukuzinikela kwawo ngokupheleleyo kwezopolitiko ukuphucula iinkonzo ezinikwa abemi ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezibonelelo ezabelwe iinkonzo ezinjalo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.106871.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Usuku lweAfrika Lokunikezela Ngeenkonzo Eluntwini lusuku apho sihlonipha khona amakhosikazi aliqela kunye namadoda ngokunjalo athe anoxanduva lokusebenzela abantu baseAfrika. Lusuku olubalulekileyo kwikhalenda yethu olu, kwaye silunika ingqalelo apha eNtshona Koloni.
Ngenxa yokuba sikwinkqubo yohlengahlengiso kurhulumente wephondo, nangenxa yezinto ezininzi esizibophelele kuzo kule nyanga - kuqukwa nesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-50 wasekwayo uSomqulu weNkululeko - akuyi kubakho mbhiyozo uya kude wenziwe wolu Suku lweNkonzo yoLuntu lweAfrika kulo nyaka. Nakuba kunjalo ke, siza kuba sinikezela ngeeMbasa zeNkulumbuso ngeNkonzo eBalaseleyo eyenziweyo ngenxa yeenzame zeqela, eliya kwaziswa ngoNovemba kulo nyaka. Oku kongezelela kunikezelo zimbasa ebantwini abanikwa ingqalelo nabo.
Yintoni uSomqulu weNkonzo yoLuntu weAfrika?
Ngo-2001, aBaphathiswa beeNkonzo zoLuntu badibana kwiNkomfa yesithathu yeBiennial Pan African. Baye bamkela uSomqulu weeNkonzo zoLuntu weAfrika, onjongo yawo yayikukumisela imigangatho eya kubuyisela isidima nentlonelo kwinkonzo yoluntu kuze kuphakanyiswe amanqanaba ndawonye nobuchule koorhulumente.
Kukuhlanganisa abasebenzi kunye ukuze kukhunjulwe ixabiso nangenxa yophuculo lwenkonzo eyenzelwa uluntu abalusebenzelayo.
kukuqwalasela imiqathango yokusebenza yamadoda namakhosikazi azinikele ubomi bawo bonke ekusebenzeleni uluntu.
kukukhuthaza iimfuno ezizizo ngabemi emsebenzini wecandelo lolawulo ukuvuzwa kwabo beze namaphulo anolutho, nokukhuthaza indlela yokuziphatha efanelekileyo.
Usomqulu uchaza isikhokelo ekuhanjwa ngaso kwinkonzo yoluntu eAfrika ekuthatheni amanyathelo asemthethweni, anemiqathango nanobuchule nasebenzayo njengoko kuya kufuneka xa kusenziwa imimiselo efanelekileyo yokusebenza kwenkonzo yoluntu ngendlela eyiyo nokuphucula umgangatho weenkonzo zakhe.
Le mithetho -siseko nemigaqo yokuziphatha kukuPhathwa ngeNdlela eLinganayo kwabemi, ukuba phakathi kwenkonzo ezinikwa uluntu, oko kusenziwa ngokweenjongo zorhulumente ophetheyo, ukuba semthethweni kwezigqibo ezilawulayo zokuthotyelwa kwemithetho nemiqathango, Ukuqhubeka ngokwenkonzo esoloko inikwa abaxhamli, Ukusondela nokufikelela kwiinkonzo; ukuthatha inxaxheba, ukucebisa nokulamla/ukungenelela, ukusulungeka, ukuba luncedo nokufaneleka, ukuvandlakanywa kweenkonzo, ukusebenza ngokungafihlisiyo kunye neeNkcukacha , iSantya nokusabela, ukuthembeka nokuyigcina ekhusini iinkcukacha echaphazela abemi.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwecandelo andelo lolawulo leenkonzo zoluntu nabasebenzi balo liya kusekwa phezu kwexabiso nokuhlonela amalungelo oluntu. Inkonzo yoluntu nganye kufuneka ibone uphuhliso lwabasebenzi abazimiseleyo ngeli xesha kuqinisekiswa uphuhliso lwabasebenzi kunye nokuzinezisa. Oku kufuneka lubonakaliswe ekuqeshweni kwabasebenzi nokunyuselwa kwabo, iintshukumo zabasebenzi nokusatyalaliswa kwabasebenzi, ukuqeqeshwa nokuphuhliswa kwabasebenzi, ukukhuthazwa kwabaSebenzi, Umvuzo nokhuseleko emzimbeni, iimeko zokusebenza nokuba sesikhundleni.
Imimiselo yikuziphatha komsebenzi wenkono yoluntu iya kusekwa phezu kwenkonzo yoluntu ebethelela indlela yokuziphatha nemithetho-siseko. Imigaqo yokuziphatha yabasebenzi benkonzo yoluntu iya kuba yinxenye yenkqubo ehlanganisiweyo echasene nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Usomqulu uvakalisa izimvo zokuzimisela kwaMazwe aseAfrika ekwaqaqambisa ukuzinikela kwawo ngokupheleleyo kwezopolitiko ukuphucula iinkonzo ezinikwa abemi ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezibonelelo ezabelwe iinkonzo ezinjalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.107056.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iNkulumbuso uEbrahim Rasool kwakunye namalungu eKhabhinethi yePhondo baya kube bephehlelela iSicwangciso-qhinga sikaRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni Sokulwa Ukuxhatshazwa Kwamachiza kumcimbi oya kube ubanjelwe kwisikolo Samabanga Aphakamileyo saseTafelsig namhlanje ngentsimbi yeshumi elinesibini emini. Esi sicwangciso-qhinga sitsha sijolise ekusebenzeni ngendlela eqondise kwiingingqi ezithile, eziya kube zincediswa ekusebenzeni norhulumente nemibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente ekushukuxeni ukuthengiswa, imfuno kwanemiba yokuxhatshazwa kwamachiza, miba leyo ifana nokubuyiselwa eluntwini kwamaxhoba ala machiza, ingakumbi aweTik.
iNkulumbuso nabaphathiswa aba baya kuzibandakanya kumaqela aya kuya kuluntu ekuhlaleni kwanasezikolweni [kwiSitalato iAssegaaibos, kwizitalato iBlaauberg neBakenskop] ukuya kushukuxa indlela entsha yokulwa nalo mkhwa, amajelo eendaba nawo avumelekile ukuba akhaphe futhi emva koku kuya kubanjwa iinkomfa yoonondaba ngeshumi lemizuzu phambi kwentsimbi yokuqala kwalapho esikolweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10708.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSEDA le ke liqumrhu leSebe Leentengiso Norhwebo elijongene nokuxhasa amashishini asakhasayo oMzantsi Afrika. Iwebsite yayo inoluhlu olugqibeleleyo Ekuxhaseni Ishishini Lakho Ngezimali, kwaneengcebiso ezifanelekileyo kwanamakhonkco akuqhagamshelanisa nawo onke amaqumrhu esizwe nawamaphondo ajongene nokunikezela ngeenkxaso-mali.
Iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngezi kwanothotho lwezinye iinkqubo zesizwe ziyafumaneka kwiwebsite yeDTI.
iKhula le yasekwa ngo-1996 ngeenjongo zokuba liliso kwiinzame zokufukelela kwinkxaso-mali yoshishino kumashishini asakhasayo, akhulayo nalawo sele ekhulile. Iliziko elinikezela inkxaso ngenkxaso-mali kumashishini amaninzi, nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba inikezela ngezi nkxaso-mali kumanye amaziko afana neebhanki zoshishino, iibhanki ezincedana noluntu kwakunye nakoomatshonisa. Ngokuthi isebenzise inkqubo yayo Yokunikezela Ngeengcebiso Kumashishini iThuso, iKhula le ikwanikezela nangeenkonzo zeegcebiso ngeenjongo zokunikezela umkhomba-ndlela namacebo kubanini-mashishini kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokulawila amashishini abo.
iCASIDRA le ke ngumbutho ophakamisa nephuhlisa iingingqi ezisemaphandleni eNtshona Kapa. Lo mbutho ulawula Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwabanini-mashishini iKapa, exhaswa nguRhulumente Wephondo leNtshona Kapa ne-Absa. Urhulumente nale bhanki ke banikezela ngeemali-mboleko kumashishini akwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni ezisukela kwi-R10000 ukuya kwi-R160 000. Ezi mali-mboleko ke kufuneka zibuyiswe kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu ngenzala eqingqiweyo eli-10%. Abafaki-zicelo kufuneka bangenise izicwangciso zoshishino ezisemgangathweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10727.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iNkundla Ejongene Nezindlu Eziqeshisayo inikezela ngeenkonzo ezisimahla kubaqeshi bezindlu kunye nabaqeshisi kwiPhondo lonke leNtshona Koloni. Ukuxoxwa kwamatyala kunye nolamlo lubanjwa ngethutyana nje elifutshane emva kokwenziwa kwesikhalazo.
Isekwe ngo-2001, le Nkundla inamalungu amahlanu (kubandakanywa uSihlalo kunye noSekela-sihlalo), atyunjwe nguMphathiswa wePhondo, malungu lawo anolwazi nobuchule kulawulo lwezindlu nemihlaba, kuphuhliso lwezindlu kunye nemiba yorhwebo enxulumene nokurentwa kwezindlu. INkundla yamatyala incediswa liCandelo Lolawulo Elinikezela Inkxaso Nezisombululo Kwiimbambano Kwimiba echaphazela Izindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Ukuzolisa nokulungelelanisa ubudlelwane phakathi komqeshisi wendlu kunye nabaqeshi bezindlu kwicandelo lokurentwa kwezindlu.
Ukusombulula iimbambano ezithi zivele nenxa yempatho-mbi.
Ukwazisa abaqeshisi bezindlu nabaqeshi ngamalungelo abo kunye noxanduva abanalo ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho Ojongene Nomba Wokuqeshiswa Kwezindlu.
Ukwenza nokunikezela ingcebiso kumaqela achaphazelekayo.
Kukukhuthaza uzinzo kwicandelo lerente yezindlu kwiNtshona Kapa.
Kukuyila iindlela zokuqwalasela iimbambano kwicandelo lokurhentwa kwezindlu.
Kukukhokela, ukuhlola, ukulamla nokuqhuba ukuxoxwa kwamatyala ukusombulula iimbambano.
Ukwazisa abaqeshisi bezindlu kunye nabaqeshi ngamalungelo abo kunye noxanduva lwabo xa kuthe kwakho impatho mbi nezenzo ezingekho mthethweni.
Izikhalazo mazifakwe kwiphetshana lokufaka izikhalazo elinakho ukufumaneka kwiNkundla yamatyala. Ifayile yetyala elo ithi ivulwe ze yabelwe inombolo yesazisi.
INkundla yamatyala iya kuqhuba uphengululo lokuqala ukuqinisekisa into yokokuba isikhalazo sinxulumene nembambano ngokubhekiselele kumba onokuthi ube sisizekabani sempatheko mbi. Umhloli angathi ahlole iziko/indawo leyo kuthethwa ngayo aze aqulunqe ingxelo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
INkundla yamatyala kufuneka, kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zokufumana esi sikhalazo, iqinisekise into yokuba isikhalazo sibhekiselele kwimbambano ngokubhekiselele kumba onokuthi ube sisizekabani sempatheko mbi.
Ukuba ngaba isikhalazo asibhekiselele kwimbambano leyo, umkhalazi aziswe ngokubhalelwa. Ukuba isikhalazo asinxulumananga nembambano leyo, iNkundla yamatyala iya kuzama ukuwusombulula umba lowo ngolamlo olungamiselekanga/olusesikweni. Ukuba amaqela lawo ayasilela ukufikelela esigqibeni, ityala elo liya kudluliswa ze libe nokuxoxwa kufunyanwe isigwebo.
Nawuphi na umqeshi okanye umqeshisi okanye iqela labaqeshi okanye labaqeshisi okanye iqela elinomdla kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni linakho ukufaka izikhalazo kwiNkundla yamatyala yokuRhentwa kweZindlu eNtshona Koloni.
Yinkqubo ethi ikhuthaze abantu ukuba bazisombulule iimbambano zabo ngothethwano, ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nefihlakeleyo. Abalamli abaqeqeshiweyo, abanamava kunye nabangakhethi cala bawanceda la maqela ukuba afikelele kwisivumelwano. Amaqela ngawo enza isigqibo ngesivumelwano ukuba siza kuba yintoni na ingabi ngabo abalamli. Isivumelwano sinokwenziwa umyalelo yiNkundla yamatyala.
Ukuxoxwa kwetyala yinkqubo apho amaqela amabini anakho ukwandlalai imiba engawaphathi kakuhle, enobungqina obubambekayo nobuxhasayo, ukulungiselela uikuba iNkundla yamatyala ibe nakho ukunika isigwebo esiya kuba sesokugqibela yaye sibophelela kumaqela onke. Inkqubo yeNkundla yamatyala inakho ukunikwa ingqwalaselo kwiNkundla ePhezulu.
Isigwebo esenziwe yile Nkundla sithatyathwa njengomyalelo weNkundla kaMantyi.
Kufunyaniswa enetyala yaye uya kufunyanwa enobutyala, uyakugwetywa, uya kuhlawuliswa imali okanye avalelwe entolongweni kodwa angavalelwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibini, okanye zozibini.
Uthe wasilela ukuya kuxoxa engenasizathu sibambekayo.
Uyala ukuvelisa amaxwebhu okanye into eselulawulweni lwakhe.
Uzimisele ukuyiqhatha iNkundla.
Uthe ngabom wanika iingxelo ezingeyiyo inyani.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10760.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungumnini weshishini elisakhasayo odinga inkxaso nokuncediswa, amaziko Anikezela Ngeengceibiso eRED Door akwiNtshona Kapa iphela anganakho ukukunika iingcebiso, akuncede uze nomkhomba-ndlela ze akuthumele nakweminye imibutho enikezela ngeengcebiso zoshishino.
Ukuba ishishini lakho linento yokwenza nezokhenketho, iingcali zecandelo Lophuhliso Loshishino Lwezokhenketho zinikezela ngeengcebiso nenkxaso , kuquka namacandelo angamashumi amabini anesibini Oncedo Kushishino Lwezokhenketho akweli phondo ngokubanzi.
Ukuba ishishini lakho lelezolimo, kukwakho uthotho lweenkqubo zenkxaso ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo ezinikezelwa Kushishino Lwezokhenketho.
Kukwakho nothotho lwemibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente kwakunye naleyo ingekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente apha kwiNtshona Kapa, enikezela ngeenkonzo zeengcebiso zoshishino. Ukuze ufumanise okunye ngale mibutho, jonga uluhlu lwethu lwezixhobo zoncedo kumashishini asakhasayo iBusiness and Entrepreneurial Training.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10760.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ishishini lakho linento yokwenza nezokhenketho, iingcali zecandelo Lophuhliso Loshishino Lwezokhenketho zinikezela ngeengcebiso nenkxaso , kuquka namacandelo angamashumi amabini anesibini Oncedo Kushishino Lwezokhenketho akweli phondo ngokubanzi.
Ukuba ishishini lakho lelezolimo, kukwakho uthotho lweenkqubo zenkxaso ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo ezinikezelwa Kushishino Lwezokhenketho.
Kukwakho nothotho lwemibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente kwakunye naleyo ingekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente apha kwiNtshona Kapa, enikezela ngeenkonzo zeengcebiso zoshishino. Ukuze ufumanise okunye ngale mibutho, jonga uluhlu lwethu lwezixhobo zoncedo kumashishini asakhasayo iBusiness and Entrepreneurial Training.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10822.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngo-2001/2002 abafundi abangama-3000 abavela kwizikolo ezingama-64 baye baziswa ngoqeqesho loshishino.
Aba banikezeli ngeenkonzo balandelayo nabanceda abanini-mashishini abasakhulayo ngenkxaso kaRhulumente wePhondo.
I-JASA iqhuba iinkqubo ezintathu ikhuthaza ubunini bamashishini kulutsha.
I-EDP isekelezwe ezikolweni yaye ilungele abafundi ukusuka kwiNqanaba lokuqala ukuya kwele-12. Ootitshala basebenzisa imidlalo, imisebenzi yokulinganisa, iinkqubo nemidlalo yokulinganisa ukunceda ulutsha lube nokuqonda uqoqosho noshishino.
Le nkqubo ijoliswe ekunikezeleni uqeqesho loshishino nobuchule ngobomi kubafundi bezikolo zamabanga aphezulu. Ezi zakhono ziza kubanceda ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba kwingqesho yequmrhu okanye yoshishino kunye/okanye ukuqalisa awabo amashishini. Abafundi baqokelelwa kwiindawo ezineemeko ezahlukeneyo ngokwenkcubeko. Emva kokuthabatha inxaxheba enkqubeni, abafundi bafumana ithuba lokubhala uviwo loshishini lwamazwe ngamazwe oluqhutywa yiYunivesithi yaseCambridge, eUnited Kingdom.
I-BESP inceda abantu abatsha abangagqibanga ukufunda bengenakufumana misebenzi. Le nkqubo iqeqesha ulutsha ukuba luzidalele amathuba emisebenzi ze lukwazi nokuwagcina.
uphuhliso lwezicwangciso zeshishini ukunceda bafumane imali-mboleko ebhankini ukusekwa kweshishini ukunika iingcebiso.
Ingxowa-mali yoLutsha, uMsobomvu, inceda ukudala amathuba emisebenzi nobunini-mashishini kulutsha ngokuyila, ukuxhasa ngezimali nokunika inkxaso kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo. Le ngxowa-mali yasekwa nguRhulumente womZantsi Afrika ukukhawulelana nentswela-msebenzi kulutsha lweli.
Kuqala, le nkqubo yesiboniso iza kuvavanywa kumaPhondo amahlunu, kuquka neNtshona Kapa.
iinkqubo zomsebenzi wobugcisa kunye nenkxaso yobuchule uphuhliso lobuchule boshishino uqeqesho lobugcisa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10831.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu khuphiswano lunamanqanaba amathathu aquka ukuphuhliswa kwesicwangciso seshishini, ukusakha nokusomeleza.
Abagqatswa bayakwazi ukufikelela kuqheliso noqeqesho oluvela kubantu bamashishini abanamava yaye bayaluvuyela uncedo lweminyhadala yarhoqo yothelelwano nabanini-mashishini amancinane kunye nee-SMME. Kangangokuba uya kuphuma kukhuphiswano unezicwangciso zeshishini eziphuculwe ngenyani kunye nobuchule bokuziguqula zibe ziinkampani zokwenene.
Ekupheleni kwenqanaba lokuqala, abagqatswa abafikelele kwinqanaba lokugqibela banikezela ngezicwangciso zabo kuluhlu lwamachule anamava nabizelwe ukuba ngabagwebi kukhuphiswano, nabathi baqwalasele izicwangciso zamashishini baze banikezele imali elibhaso engama-R500 000 kwabo bathe baphumelela.
Ukungenela, okufuneka ukuba ukwenze kukubhala isicwangciso seshishini esingangephepha elinye, uchaze uluvo lwakho lweshishini, wandule ukusingenisa kwabakwaBusiness Beat.
Amangenelo aphumeleleyo aya kufumana i-R1000 ukukunceda ukuba uqale ishishini lakho. Uyakufumana kwakhona noncedo ngeengcebiso kwabakwaBusiness Beat isithuba seenyanga ezintathu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10837.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zeenkonzo zenkxaso ezikhoyo ukunceda amashishini avelayo. IQumrhu loLawulo lwabaMnyama, iBhunga loShishino lwabaMnyama kunye neQumrhu loShishino lwabaMnyama, onke adlala indima ephambili ekudibaniseni abathabathi-nxaxheba ekubunjweni kwamashishini abamnyama. Le mibutho inceda ukubonakalisa imbonakalo efanayo yokuphuhliswa nokuphunyezwa kobuchule besizwe kuphuhliso loshishino lwabamnyama.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10868.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Yenza imithetho ejongene neNtshona Koloni kuphela.
Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubeni liliso kuRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba lo rhulumente uyaphendula futhi ukhokelwa ziimfuno zoluntu.
Ifaka igalelo kwimiba yesizwe ngokuthi ibe yingxenye kwi- Bhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo.
Indlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ngalinye inokugqiba ekubeni noMgaqo-siseko wephondo layo ukuba izithathu ezibini zamalungu ayo ayavuma. Kusenjalo, umgaqo-siseko wephondo kufuneka uhambelane noMgaqo-siseko wesizwe njengoko kungqinisisiwe yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko. UMgaqo-siseko wePhondo leNtshona Koloni waqala ukusebenza ngo-1998.
ezolimo amaziko ongcakazo, imidyarho, ungcakazo, ukubheja imiba yenkcubeko imfundo kuwo onke amanqanaba, ngaphandle kwemfundo yeedyunivesithi neyeeteknikoni indalo engqongileyo iinkonzo zempilo ezezindlu umgaqo-nkqubo weelwimi ulondolozo lwendalo iinkonzo zobupolisa ezosasazo kwiphondo uthutho lukawonke-wonke ucwangciso nophuhliso lwemimandla ukumiselwa kwemithetho yeenqwelo-mafutha ezotyelelo uphuhliso lweentengiso noshishino iinkokheli zomthonyama uphuhliso lweengingqi ezisezidolophini nezisemaphandleni amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba izithuthi iinkonzo zentlalo-ntle.
imizi yokuxhelela iinkonzo zezithuthi zezigulana amaphepha-mvume okuthengisa utywala imithombo yendalo engeyiyo imithombo yendalo yesizwe ucwangciso lwephondo imiba yenkcubeko yephondo elo ukuzonwabisa kwanezinye iintshukumo zelo phondo iindlela nezithuthi zephondo.
Ekwenzeni imisebenzi ngokwemiyalelo yomgaqo-siseko wesizwe nowephondo leNtshons aKoloni, iPalamente yeNtshona Koloni imele abantu beli phondo yaye isisikhundla sokushukuxwa kwemiba yeli phondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.108806.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.108809.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.10881.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uluntu luyakhuthazwa ukuba luthabathe inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zePalamente yePhondo.
uvote kulonyulo wakhe umkhanya kwiinkqubo zepalamente ufake amangeniso okanye unikezele iintetho egameni legalelo ngemithetho esaqulunqwayo uzimase ze uthabathe inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zoluntu.
Ukuba ufuna ukwakha umkhanya kwiinkqubo, ungatyelela iPalamente. Amaxesha neendawo zeentlanganiso zesigqeba esipheleleyo, iintlanganiso zeekomiti kwakunye neendibano zoluntu zikwachaziwe kwesi Sicwangcisi Seentshukumo zePalamente. IPalamente ikwanikezela nangethuba elifutshane lokutyelela esi sakhiwo.
Ungafaka amangeniso abhalwe phantsi ePalamente ngawo nawuphi na umba ekucelwe igalelo kuwo. La mangeniso athi athunyelwe kwikomiti esebenza ngawo, ethi yona ifikelele kwizigqibo zokuba ubungqina obunikezelwa ngomlomo bamkelekile na.
Usenakho nokufaka isicelo esibhalwe ngesandla okanye isikhalazo ePalamente ngokunga sisibongozo. Esi sibongozo singatyikitywa ngumntu omnye okanye lihlokondiba labantu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.108813.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.10906.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le Nkundla Ijongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo inikezela ngenkonzo esimahla kubantu abaqeshe iindawo zokuhlala kwanabanini-mihlaba abalapha kwiNtshona Kapa. Owona msebenzi wayo kukusombulula iimbambano eziphakathi kwabantu abaqeshe iindawo zokuhlala kwanabanini-mihlaba. Funda banzi ke ngendlela yokwenza oku.
Yasekwa ngo-2001, yaye le Nkundl ayenziwa ngamalungu amahlanu (aquka usihlalo nesekela lakhe), malungu lawo atyunjwe nguMphathiswa wePhondo ojongene Nezindlu, yaye la malungu aziingcali kwicandelo lolawulo lwemihlaba, kumcimbi wophuhliso lwezindlu kwakunye nemicimbi yabathengi enento yokwenza bnezindlu eziqeshisayo. Le Nkundla ke incediswa liCandelwana Elinikezela Inkxaso leCandelo Lolawulo Lokusonjululwa Kweembambano Echaphazela Izindlu.
Kukulungisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwabanini-mihlaba nabaqeshi kwimihlaba yabo kwicandelo lezindlu eziqeshisayo.
Kukusombulula iimbambano ezithi zivele ngenxa yokusebenza ngeendlela ezingamkelekanga komntu othile.
Kukwenza iziphakamiso kwabo bachaphazelekayo.
Ukuphakamisa nokukhuthaza imvisiswano kwicandelo lezindlu eziqeshisayo apha kwiNtshona Kapa.
Ukudala amacebo okusombulula iimbambano kwicandelo lezindlu eziqeshisayo.
Ukuba liliso, ukuphanda, ukuxolelanisa nokubiza izikhundla zokuchotshelwa kweembambano ngeenjongo zokuzisombulula.
Ukwazisa abanini-mihlaba nabaqeshi kwimihlaba yabo ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabo xa kunokuthi kugqabhuke iimeko zokungavani neendlela zokusebenza ezingamkelekanga.
Ukuchotshelwa kwezi mbambano kwakunye noxolelwaniso luncedo olusondele kakhulu ekusombululeni izikhalazo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.10925.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu lonyulo rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Zazisa ukuba ngubani oza kulawula ilizwe yaye umbutho wezopolitiko ngamnye uza kufumana izihlalo ezingaphi ePalamente. Zikwaxela ukuba ngowuphi umbutho wezopolitiko oza kuphatha iphondo ngalinye.
Ulonyulo lokuqala ngokwentando yesininzi lwalubanjwe ngonyaka ka-1994. Umbutho i-ANC yaphumelela ngokuzuza ama-63% evoti.
Ulonyulo lukaZwelonke lokugqibela ngokweNtando yeSininzi lwalubanjwe ngonyaka ka-1999 xa i-ANC yaphumelela ngama-66.35% evoti. Ungazijonga iziphumo.
Ulonyulo oluzayo luza kubanjwa ngonyaka ka-2004.
Ukuze ube nako ukuvota kolu lonyulo, kufuneka kuqala ube ubhalisile kuLuhlu Lwabavoti. Ke ngoko uza kuba nako ukuvota kwisikhululo sokuvota esikwingingqi obhalisele ukuvota kuso. Ezinye iinkcukacha ngeendawo ezikuzo izikhululo zokuvota, indlela ekuvotwa ngayo, ziza kufumaneka ekusondeleni kwexesha lovoto.
Ungena kwisikhululo sovoto ze igama lakho likhangelwe kuLuhlu Lwabavoti ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubhalisile yaye awukavoti.
Okokugqibela, ufaka ivoti yakho, ngokuthi ufake iphepha lakho elinevoti kwibhokisi ecikiweyo yokuvota.
<fn>GOV-ZA.109367.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lichaza ukuba ngawaphi na amacebo athatyathiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amachiza akhuselekile.
Xa iWorld Health Organisation yaqalisa ngeenkqubo zayo zogonyo ngo-1974, apho kwagonywa abantwana behlabathi abangaphantsi kwesihlanu seepesenti. Amashumi amabini anesithandathu eminyaka emva koko, eli nani lenyuswa laya kufikelela kumashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu eepesenti zabantwana behlabathi. Izigidi ngezigidi zobomi babantwana baye basindiswa ze kwancitshiswa kakhulu nomthwalo wezigulo ezithintelekayo ngamachiza. Ngelixa izifo ezininzi zithe zaduka eluntwini, ngokumangalisayo ingxoxo ngokhuseleko logonyo isemi ngeenyawo.
Ukungathembakali kweenkqubo zogonyo eluntwini kukhokelele ekwehleni ngokumandla kwemigangatho yamanani amachiza (kumazwe athile la manani ehle ngama-25% kwiminyaka yoo-1990 ephakathi).
Iinkonzo zonxibelelwano lwehlabathi, ukwanda kolwazi lwabathengi, ulwazi olwandayo noluphangaleleyo kwinzululwazi kwakunye neengxoxo ezivulelekileyo ngemiba yempilo zibe negalelo ekuthabatheni inxaxheba koluntu kwimiba yononophelo lwempilo ze zakhokelela ekungathembakalini kwexabiso logonyo.
Ukugxininisa Kwiintshukumo Ezingalunganga Ezilandela Ugonyo endaweni yobomi obusindisiweyo kwakunye nomthwalo ocuthekileyo wezifo zibe negalelo ekuveleni kweempendulo ezisuka entliziyweni ngaphandle kokuza neenyaniso. Inani lamaqela ezikhangela iinkcukacha nolwazi ngeemveliso zamachiza lande kakhulu ngenxa yeentlekele ezehla mihla le kwicandelo loluntu lempilo.
Iintshukumo ezingalunganga nezayanyaniswa namachiza zifumane ukujongwa ngeliso elibi ze zagxekwa nokugxekwa luluntu. Kuyabonakala uluntu luyekile ukujongana nokoyika oobhubhane bezifo futhi kungoku nje lujongana nemiba engcno efana nomgangatho, ukhuseleko nokulingana.
Ukuba semngciphekweni wokosuleleka zizifo kwakunye nezigulo ezingumvuka wokungagonywa, kufuneka zixelelwe abazali kwanoluntu. Abasebenzi kunonophelo lwempilo nabo kufuneka bekhunjuziwe ngeenzuzo ezintle zogonyo.
Akukho mntwana kufuneka evinjwe ugonyo ngaphandle kokucingisiswa kweziphumo zoko, emntwaneni nakuluntu nje jikelele.
Ekuhambeni kweminyaka, lo Mbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo kwakunye namahlakani awo baqhubekeke besenza iinzame benikezela nangezibonelelo zokuphucula ukhuseleko nogonyo. Ubuchule obutsha bokwenza oku obufana nesirinji esinokusetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela buye baveliswa.
Ilizwe ngalinye lineCandelo Lesizwe Elilawula obu buchule elivavanya umgangatho wamachiza, nokuba aveliswa kwelo lizwe okanye ngaphandle, ze ekugqibeleni ibe kwalelo candelo elamkela okanye elikhaba ukusetyenziswa kwelo chiza luluntu. UMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo ulibona ichiza lisemgangathweni owamkelekileyo xa livavanywe licandelo elizimeleyo lesiawe elijongana nomgangatho wamachiza ngokwemigawo ebekwe nguwo. Kufuneka kungabikoh zingxaki zisalayo zayanyaniswa nomgangatho welo chiza. Onke amachiza asetyenziswe kwinkqubo yesizwe yogonyo kufuneka, ngokwelona nqanaba lisezantsi, amelane futhi athobele izidingo zemigangatho yoMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo.
Amachiza aqala avavanyelwe ukhuseleko nokuba ayasebenza ngokwenene na kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi phambi kokuba abhaliswe ze athengiswe apha eMzantsi Afrika. Onke amachiza athi avavanywe nguMbutho Ojongene Nolawulo Lwamachiza weli lizwe, obizwa ngokuba liBhunga Elilawula Amachiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza, umgangatho nokhuseleko phambi kokubhalswa nokqwamkelwa ukuze athengiswe.
Onke amachiza asetyenziswa kwiNkqubo ye-EPI(SA) enziwa ngokwemigaqo eqatha yokhuseleko. La machiza ayamelana nemigangatho yomgangatho, yokhuseleko neyokusebenza kwala machiza ebekwe nguMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo.
Amaqela lamachiza enzelwe ukusetyenziswa kweli lizwe avavanywa kwiNational Control Laboratory (NCL) eBloemfontein, ngaphambi kokuba abe nokukhutshwa. Emva kokukhutshelwa kwinkqubo yogonyo kukho inkqub esaqhubayo yokukhangelisiswa kokhuseleko nokusebenza kwamachiza ngokweemvavanyo kwakunye nokuthengiswa ezenziwa leli Bhunga Lilawula Amachiza, yiNkqubo ye-EPI kwakunye nabavelisi bamachiza.
INkqubo ye-EPI apha eMzantsi Afrika ize nenkqubo yokuphicothwa nokujongisiswa Kweentshukumo Ezingalunganga Ezilandela Ugonyo, ngo-1995, kuwo onke Mphondo eli lizwe.
nokuqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi na intshukumo efana naleyo ithatyathwa ngendlela eyamkelekileyo kwisigulana, abazali kwakunye nabo beza namachiza.
Iintshukumo Ezingalunganga Ezilandela Ugonyo zingaqala kububomvu nobuhlungu obuqheleke kakhulu kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti, ukuya kwizigulo ezinqabileyo ezifana nokuba sesichengeni sokungamelani namachiza okanye nezidlo ezithile 1:100 000 to 1:1 000 000 zokusetyenziswa kwechiza lemasisi.
Kwiingxoxo ezishushu eziza nogonyo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umlinganiselo wenkcaneko/wenzuzo kwanokubeka ezi Ntshukumo Zingalunganga Zilandela Ugonyo kwindawo eyiyo. Amachiza aziwa njengelona cebo lezononophelo lwempilo likhuselekileyo nelingatyabuli kakhulu emalini.
Iingxelo ezayamanisa ugonyo neAEFI ekusoloko kufumaniseka ukuba azinabunyani nezingenasiseko ziyaqhubekeka zivela njalo. Ezi ngxelo zingenasihlahla nezingaphandwanga ngokupheleleyo, zinethemba elininzi lokonakalisa indlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo. Iingxoxo ezilukhabayo ugonyo zisusela kwizoyikiso nokungaqondi kakuhle okungenasihlahla. Kubalulekile ke ukukhumbula ukuba UMNGCIPHEKO wokosuleleka SISIFO uphakame kakhulu kunalowo wokunikezela NGECHIZA.
Luxanduva loorhulumente, amaqumrhu alawulayo, ishishini lamachiza, abanikezeli beenkozo zononophelo lwempilo kwakunye noluntu ukunikezela ingxelo ngazo naziphi na iintshukumo ezigatya nezisengela phantsi ugonyo. Kukho isidingo sokuphendula kunikezelwe neenyaniso kwiinkxalabo zabazali nezoluntu jikelele.
Iindlela zokumelana nemiceli-mngeni iquka ukuhlanganiswa kwendlela ekhathakayo kubazali nakwiintsana, ulwazi olutsha kwakunye nengqondo eyakhayo yokujongana nogonyo. Akukho sidingo sakulukhusela ugonyo. Yinyaniso eyaziwayo ukuba izifo ezithintelekayo ngamachiza zinobungozi futhi yaye ugonyo luyazithintela!
Imiceli-mngeni emitsha kwicandelo lophuhliso nokhuseleko lwamachiza isankqenkqeza phambili. Amachiza anzima ayadalwa ze avavanywe futhi oko kuya kudinga iinkqubo neendlela zokuwahlola zale mihla. Kwangaxesha-nye la machiza kufuneka acuthe iindlela zokuniwanikezela, enze lula ubugcisa bokuwanikezela ze awanikezele nangamaxabiso amahle ze futhi kubonakale neenzuzo ezizizo kwicandelo lononophelo lwempilo yoluntu.
Ngaphandle kwezindlu eziphuculweyo, izindlu zangasese kwakunye namanzi acocekileyo, amachiza la abe neempumelelo ezingenakuthelekiswa ekunciphiseni ukufa nokosuleleka zizifo. Kwelinye icala, le mpumelelo ingakhokelela ekugxininiseni ngendlela engenasihlahla kwezinye izigulo ezibangelwa ngala machiza.
Umngcipheko wonxibelelwano unikezela ngothotho lwezixhobo zokucacisa ukuba sesichengeni ngokuthelekiswa neenzuzo. Xa sithetha ngokhuseleko lwaso nasiphi na isiyobisi, sithetha ngokhuseleko olubonakalayo, olo ke lukhuseleko oluthelekiswa nokungawasebenzisi la machiza.
INkqubo ye-EPI iya kuqhubekeka isebenza nawo onke amahlakani ukuphucula zonke iinkalo zogonyo, ezifana nokhuseleko lwamachiza, uqeqeswho kwanokusebenza neli shishini ukuphucula ubugcisa bokunikezela ngala machiza.
Kungokuphucula umgangatho wononophelo lwempilo kwanokuhlala sizigcine engqondweni iinzuzo eziza namacebo okuthintela ukosuleleka zizifo apho ihlabathi langomso liya kuba yindawo enempilo engcono.
iSebe Lezempilo liya kuqhubekeka liphakamisa inzuzo zokugonywa kwabemi boMzantsi Afrika, bonke abasebenzi kwicandelo lononophelo lwempilo kwakunye nabo banikezela ngoncedo lwezempilo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11006.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Phambi kokuba uvote kulonyulo, kufuneka ube ubhalisile kuluhlu lwabavoti.
ULuhlu olu luqulethe iinkcukacha zomvoti ngamnye yaye lusisixhobo esibalulekilyo sokulungiselela uvoto. Umzekelo, uluhlu olu luvumela i-IEC yazi ukuba bangaphi abantu abanokuvota kwingingqi nganye ukuze yona iqinisekise ukuba izikhululo zovoto zanele.
ULuhlu Lwabavoti lukwayindlela ebalulekileyo yokunqanda ubuqhophololo kulonyulo.
Kukho malunga ne-1,910,866 abavoti ababhalisileyo eNtshona Koloni.
Ungazijonga ukuba ngenene ubhalisile online. Ukwenza oku, kuza kufuneka ube nenombolo ekwincwadana yakho yesazisi. Ukuba ubhalisile, iinkcukacha zakho zokuvota ziza kuvela, oko kuquke nokuba ubhalise phi. Ungatsalela nomnxeba kwinombolo engahlawulelwayo ye-IEC ethi: 0800 11 8000 okanye undwendwele iOfisi YoLonyulo looMaspala ekufutshane nawe ukuqinisekisa iinkcukacha zakho zokubhalisela uvoto.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11012.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Phambi kokuba ungavota kulonyulo lukaZwelonke okanye looMaspala, kufuneka ube kanti ubhalisile kuLuhlu lwabavoti.
ULuhlu olu luqulethe iinkcukacha zomvoti ngamnye yaye lusisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokulungiselela uvoto. Umzekelo, luvumela i-IEC yazi ukuba bangaphi abantu abanokuvota kwingingqi nganye ukuze yona iqinisekise ukuba izikhululo zovoto zanele.
ULuhlu Lwabavoti lukwabalulekile ekunqandeni ubuqhophololo kuvoto.
Ungakwazi ukubhalisa kuphela kwingingqi ohlala kuyo - oko kukuthi apho uhlala khona, okanye indawo oqhele ukubuyela kuyo emva kwexesha umkile.
Ube ngaphezu kwe-16 leminyaka ubudala.
Ukuya kubhalisela uvoto ngokwakho.
Ngummi woMzantsi Afrika.
Ube futhi ubonise incwadana yakho yesazisi (ID) enekhodi yokuvota, okanye isiqinisekiso esisasebenzayo sesazisi sexeshana.
Nangona ungabhalisa xa usiba ne-16 leminyaka uzelwe, ungavota kuphela xa une-18 leminyaka uzelwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11021.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abavoti Abatsha kufuneka bongeziwe kolu luhlu. Oku kuya kuqulatha wonke umntu oba ne-16 leminyaka ezelwe, wonke umntu ofumana ubumi boMzantsi Afrika kwakunye naye wonke ummi woMzantsi Afrika obengazange abhalise ngaphambili.
Abavoti kufuneka basoloko benikezela ezona nkcukacha zabo zisebenzayo, umzekelo, ukuba uyitshintshile idilesi yakho, okanye ukuba uyitshintshile ifani yakho kuba utshatile.
Amagama kuyafuneka esusiwe kuLuhlu. Umzekelo, abantu abaswelekileyo, (isiqinisekiso sokusweleka kufuneka siveziwe) okanye abantu abafudukele kumanye amazwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.1104.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho emva nje kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu kwenzikile oko.
Iphetshana elisisiqinisekiso sokuzalwa linikezelwa xa umntwana ebhalisiwe kuMbuso wezwe. Liqulethe iinkcukacha zomntwana yaye liyafuneka njengesiqinisekiso sokuzazisa.
Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje...
Oomama bangabelekela kwiikliniki ezisisigxina okanye kumaCandelo okuBelekisa, aqhutywa ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni kubaguli bamaziko ezonyango. Ukuba kuthe kwakho iingxaki ngethuba lokubeleka, baya kuthi bathunyelwe kwisibhedlele esingentla. Oomama abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangazibandakanya nenkonzo Yokuthintelwa Kokudluliselwa Kwentsholongwane Ukusuka Kunina Ukuya Elusaneni 1/1.
Iinkonzo zasemva kokubeleka ziyafumaneka emva kokuba umama nosana lwakhe olusandul' ukuzalwa bekhululwe kwiCandelo lokuBelekisa okanye ekliniki. Oku kusoloko kusenzeka emva kweeyure ezintandathu usana luzelwe ukuba umama nosana basempilweni entle.
Kucingeleka ukuba abantwana abali-150000 abazalwayo ngonyaka emZantsi Afrika bachatshazelwa ziziphene zokuzalwa kwezona ndawo zibalulekileyo okanye iziphazamiso zemvelo ngethuba beneminyaka emihlanu.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
Ukosulelwa kosana ngunina kwenzeka xa intsholongwane kaGawulayo, intsholongwane ebangela uGawulayo, ithe yadluliselwa ukusuka kumama isiya kusana olungekazalwa ngethuba lokukhulelwa, ngethuba lokubeleka okanye ngethuba lokuncancisa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11043.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo ye- Cape Town Tourism kukubeka esikhundleni iKapa njengendawo ekudidi lwehlabathi kwezokhenketho kwaneyona ndawo yokubambela iinkomfa eMzantsi Afrika, yeziganeko zenkuthazo, zokuzonwabisa nokuphumla kwangelixa kusandiswa imveliso evela kwelinye icala kwezoqoqosho kunye nokudalwa kwamathuba omsebenzi.
Ukuphuhlisa imifanekiso yezokhenketho edume kakhulu ezizweni yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo neziphambili ekufuneka zenziwe. Kubalulekile ukuba inzuzo yezokhenketho isasazwe ngokwamathuba okuphuhlisa kolu shishino kwanangokudala amathuba ezokhenketho kwimimandla yabantu abahlelelekileyo.
Ishishini elinenkqubela-phambili nemveliso nendawo yeendwendwe enika umdla ifuna ukuphuhliswa ukuze idale umtsalane kwaye ikhuthaze neendwendwe ukuba zibuye kwakhona.
Ukhenketho lubonwa njengelona shishini lifanelekileyo ekuthatheni inxaxheba koluntu kwimimandla nengqesho. INgxowa-mali yoPhuhliso lwezoKhenketho eSekelwe uLuntu kwiMimandla sele imiselwe, ukunceda abantu ngokweengingqi zabo ukuze bakwazi ukuvula amashishini ezokhenketho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11043.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuphuhlisa imifanekiso yezokhenketho edume kakhulu ezizweni yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo neziphambili ekufuneka zenziwe. Kubalulekile ukuba inzuzo yezokhenketho isasazwe ngokwamathuba okuphuhlisa kolu shishino kwanangokudala amathuba ezokhenketho kwimimandla yabantu abahlelelekileyo.
Ishishini elinenkqubela-phambili nemveliso nendawo yeendwendwe enika umdla ifuna ukuphuhliswa ukuze idale umtsalane kwaye ikhuthaze neendwendwe ukuba zibuye kwakhona.
Ukhenketho lubonwa njengelona shishini lifanelekileyo ekuthatheni inxaxheba koluntu kwimimandla nengqesho. INgxowa-mali yoPhuhliso lwezoKhenketho eSekelwe uLuntu kwiMimandla sele imiselwe, ukunceda abantu ngokweengingqi zabo ukuze bakwazi ukuvula amashishini ezokhenketho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11055.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Qhagamshelana ne- FLOWERLINE kuhlaziyo olwenziwa rhoqo kwiintyatyambo zasentwasahlobo, imiboniso yeentyatyambo kunye noqikelelo lwemozulu.
Tsalela umnxeba kule nombolo: 083 910 1028.
Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokutsalela umnxeba umnxeba wesandla.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11061.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UKhenketho, ukuBuka iiNdwendwe neMfundo ngezeMidlalo noGunyaziso lwezoQeqesho (THETA) inikeza inkonzo yoqinisekiso kubantu abathile okanye imibutho enikeza imfundo, uqeqesho kunye/okanye novavanyo kushishino lwezokhenketho. Abanikezeli abaqinisekisiwey badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwezokhenketho, umzekelo, abanikezeli boqeqesho novavanyo kwezokhenketho basetyenziswa kwinkqubo yobhaliso loonogada kwezokhenketho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11083.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noKhenketho kwiNkqubo yeShishini lezoKhenketho (TEP) lithabatha inxaxheba kwisiseko soluhlu oluneenkcukacha zoshishino lwabamnyama ngokusebenzisana noKhenketho eMzantsi Afrika. Olu luhlu luneenkcukacha luya kuqinisekisa ukuba la mashishini kuyashishinwa ngawo, ukuba afumana amanyathelo afanelekileyo kulwakhiwo lwezikhundla kwakunye nokuba afumana amathuba afanelekileyo kurhulumente.I-TEP iya kuphinda iqalise uxanduva lokuqinisekisa ngomgangatho wemveliso ye-HDI ngokubhexesha okanye ngokwenza lula imigangatho ye-Tourism Grading Council of SA (i-TGCSA) ngokwesiseko sokwabelana ngamaxabiso phakathi kwe-TEP, i-TGCSA kunye neshishini. Xa sele olu luhlu kuqinisekisiwe ngomgangatho walo, isiseko esisemgangathweni siya kufumana inzuzo yokuvunyelwa kuqala kwisikhundla sonxibelelwano ngekhompyutha soKhenketho eMzantsi Afrika.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11094.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
I-SMEDP yinkqubo yokufumana umnikelo oyimali eziinkozo nokunikezelwa koncedo kushishino olunxulumene nezokhenketho eMzantsi Afrika. Uncedo lunikezelwa kwiiprojekthi ezintsha okanye ezandisiweyo.
Amashishini abonwa njengakudidi lwalawo abonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala zexeshana nje elingephi, umzekelo, iihotele, iindawo zokuhlala ofumana ibhedi nesidlo sakusasa, iiloji kunye nezindlu ekuhlalwa kuzo ngexesha leeholide.
Abasebenzi bezokhenketho abanceda kuphela abakhenkethi.
Amashishini aneziporo ingakumbi ecaleni kwentaba okanye izporo zabucala, iindlela ezisebenza ngeentambo zombane ezisemoyeni, izithuthi ezihamba emanzini amadama, awamachibi kwanawezinye iintlobo.
Umnikelo oyimali eziinkozo engatsaelwa rhafu kwiminyaka emibini nosekelwe kwixabiso lwenzaliso-mali kwizakhiwo, ifenitshala, izixhobo neenqwelo-mafutha.
Umnikelo oyimali eziinkozo owongeziweyo kunyaka wesithathu kumashishini xa umgangatho okanye izinga leMivuzo yaBasebenzi xa ichazwa ngokwexabiso lomsebenzi, lingangamashumi amathathu ekhulwini (30%).
Inkuthazo ebukhulu bungama-R3 050 000 rhoqo ngonyaka kumashishini anenzaliso-mali kwizakhiwo, ifenitshala, izixhobo neenqwelo-mafutha.
Fumana incwadana yolwazi nephetshana lezicelo kwiSebe loRhwebo noShishino (DTI) uze uyigqithisele kwi-DTI ukuze ivavanywe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11094.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-SMEDP yinkqubo yokufumana umnikelo oyimali eziinkozo nokunikezelwa koncedo kushishino olunxulumene nezokhenketho eMzantsi Afrika. Uncedo lunikezelwa kwiiprojekthi ezintsha okanye ezandisiweyo.
Amashishini abonwa njengakudidi lwalawo abonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala zexeshana nje elingephi, umzekelo, iihotele, iindawo zokuhlala ofumana ibhedi nesidlo sakusasa, iiloji kunye nezindlu ekuhlalwa kuzo ngexesha leeholide.
Abasebenzi bezokhenketho abanceda kuphela abakhenkethi.
Amashishini aneziporo ingakumbi ecaleni kwentaba okanye izporo zabucala, iindlela ezisebenza ngeentambo zombane ezisemoyeni, izithuthi ezihamba emanzini amadama, awamachibi kwanawezinye iintlobo.
Umnikelo oyimali eziinkozo engatsaelwa rhafu kwiminyaka emibini nosekelwe kwixabiso lwenzaliso-mali kwizakhiwo, ifenitshala, izixhobo neenqwelo-mafutha.
Umnikelo oyimali eziinkozo owongeziweyo kunyaka wesithathu kumashishini xa umgangatho okanye izinga leMivuzo yaBasebenzi xa ichazwa ngokwexabiso lomsebenzi, lingangamashumi amathathu ekhulwini (30%).
Inkuthazo ebukhulu bungama-R3 050 000 rhoqo ngonyaka kumashishini anenzaliso-mali kwizakhiwo, ifenitshala, izixhobo neenqwelo-mafutha.
Fumana incwadana yolwazi nephetshana lezicelo kwiSebe loRhwebo noShishino (DTI) uze uyigqithisele kwi-DTI ukuze ivavanywe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11103.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
INkqubo Yokushishina ngezoKhenketho (TEP) linyathelo lokuqala leNgxowa-mali yezoShishino. Le nkqubo izalisekiswa ziinkampani nabantu abaqeshelwe oko leli phondo.
I-TEP ineNgxowa-mali yoQeqesho noNcedo kwiMisebenzi yezoBugcisa (i-TTAF) nethi isetyenziswe ngokwesiseko sokwabelana ngamaxabiso kunye neshishini.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11109.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkqubo yokudanjiswa kwendlala yasekwa ngurhulumente ekunciphiseni indlala eMzantsi Afrika. Icandelo lezokhenketho kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noKhenketho lwabelwa ingxowa-mali yokuxhasa iiprojekthi eziluhlobo oluthile lwezokhenketho.
ekudaleni imisebenzi kuphuhliso lwezibonelelo zomsebenzi kwezokhenketho ekuphuhliseni imveliso entsha kwezokhenketho ekunikezeleni uqeqesho nolwakhiwo lwezikhundla ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ezi projekthi ziyagcinakala ixesha elide.
Kuphela ziiprojekthi ezisekelwe kuluntu kwimimandla nezingezizo ezomntu ngamnye ezinokuthi zifumane inzuzo kule ngxowa-mali. Kuphela ziitrasti zoluntu kwimimandla okanye iinkampani zeCandelo 21 ezimelwe ngokwaneleyo kwimimandla eziya kuthi ziqwalaselwe ekufumaneni le nkxaso-mali.
Iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo zendlela emisiweyo yokhetho kule nkxaso-mali kunye nezicelo neenkqubo zovavanyo ziyafumaneka kule ncwadi, yeeNkqubo zeNkxaso kumaShishini ezoKhenketho, nepapashwe liSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noKhenketho kunye neSebe loRhwebo noShishino.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11124.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungathanda ukusebenzela inkampani, iclose corporation, inkampani ethutha abakhenkethi phantsi kwesibhambathiso okanye ke uqeshwe njengomkhokeli wabakhenkethi, okanye ke ukuba ufuna ukuba ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi ozimeleyo, kufuneka ubhalise kwi-ofisi yeli phondo yeSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho.
Ungabhalisa nokuba umtsha kweli shishini okanye imvume yakho yokusebenza kwakho sele iphelelwe lixesha.
Phambi kokuba ube nokubhalisa, kufuneka ugqibe uqeqesho lwabakhokeli babakhenkethi, ngokuthi ulufumane kumbutho owaziwayo nothenjiweyo.
Ukuba ungumkhokeli wabakhenkethi okanye ke wawusakuba ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi weSATOUR ongekazibhailisi kule nkqubo intsha, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomnye wabaqeqeshi/wabahloli abasemthethweni, oya kuthi akuvavanye. Ungathi ke emva koko uqhagamshelane neOfisi Yokubhaliswa Kwabakhokeli Babakhenkethi ekwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho likarhulumente wephondo leNtshona Koloni, ukuze aqukumbele ukubhaliswa kwakho njengomkhokeli wabakhenkethi osemthethweni.
Fumana uqeqesho lwabakhokeli babakhenkethi kuye namphi na umqeqshi owaziwayo nothenjiweyo. Uluhlu olupheleleyo Lwabaqeqeshi Nabavavanyi lungafumaneka kwiwebsite yeTHETA www.theta.org.za (Kwezokhenketho, Kwezononophelo Nokonga, Kwizifundo Zezemidlalo kwakunye nanjengoMqeqeshi) okanye ke ungabuza nakwi-Ofisi Yokubhaliswa Kwabakhokeli Babakhenkethi.
Emva kokuqukunjelwa koqeqesho, kufuneka ubhalise kwiOfisi Yokubhaliswa Kwabakhokeli Babakhenketh ekwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho apho uya kunikwa inombolo yakho njengomkhokeli wabakhenkethi (yalapha eNtshona Koloni), ibheji yomkhokeli wabakhenkethi kwakunye nekhadi lokuzazisa.
Iphepha lokufaka isicelo sokubhaliswa eligcwalisiweyo nelityikityiweyo, elikhankanya uhlobo loku kubhaliswa.
Iphetshana Elingendlela Yokuziphatha Kwabakhokeli Babakhenkethi.
Ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yePhepha Elisisiqinisekiso Soqeqesho esuka kuMqeqeshi/uMvavanyi othenjiweyo nowaziwayo yiTHETHA.
Ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yesiqinisekiso seTHETA (esi ke uya kusinikwa yiTHETA).
Ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadana yakho yesazisi yalapha eMzantsi Afrika okanye ke incwadana yokundwendwela amanye amazwe okanye iPhepha-mvume Lokuba Ngumhlali Osisigxina okanye iPhepha-mvume Lokusebenza kweli lizwe.
Iikopi eziqinisekisiweyo zazo naziphi na iimpepha zokuba ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi kwakho okanye ke ezazo naziphi na izifundo onazo.
Isiqinisekiso Esifungelweyo Soqeqesho Loncedo Lokuqala.
Isiqinisekiso esifungelweyo sazo zonke iilwimi ezingezo zeli lizwe ozaziyo neziza kusetyenziswa ekukhokeleni abakhenkethi.
Imifanekiso yakho emine elingana naleyo yencwadana yokundwendwela amanye amazwe (bhala igama lakho kumva womfanekiso ngamnye).
Kuya kufuneka nentlawulo yama-R240.00 kumntu ngamnye (zonke iitsheki kufuneka zihlawulwe kwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho).
Kwa-80 eSt Georges Mall, eKapa.
Sivula ngeMivulo ukuya ngooLwezihlanu ukususela ngentsimbi ye-08:00 ukuya kweye-15:00 (sivalile ukusukela nge-12:30 ukuya nge-13:30 ntsuku zonke).
Xa sele uqeqeshiwe, wavavanywa ze wabhalisa, kuya kufuneka uzithengise njengommkhokeli wabakhenkethi obhalisiweyo ngokuthi uqhagamshelane neenkampani ezithutha abakhenkethi ukuze zikuqeshe.
eGround Floor, eSt.
eGround Floor, eSt.
Ground Floor, St.
eGround Floor, eSt.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11124.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungathanda ukusebenzela inkampani, iclose corporation, inkampani ethutha abakhenkethi phantsi kwesibhambathiso okanye ke uqeshwe njengomkhokeli wabakhenkethi, okanye ke ukuba ufuna ukuba ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi ozimeleyo, kufuneka ubhalise kwi-ofisi yeli phondo yeSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho.
Ungabhalisa nokuba umtsha kweli shishini okanye imvume yakho yokusebenza kwakho sele iphelelwe lixesha.
Ukuba ungumkhokeli wabakhenkethi okanye ke wawusakuba ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi weSATOUR ongekazibhailisi kule nkqubo intsha, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomnye wabaqeqeshi/wabahloli abasemthethweni, oya kuthi akuvavanye. Ungathi ke emva koko uqhagamshelane neOfisi Yokubhaliswa Kwabakhokeli Babakhenkethi ekwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho likarhulumente wephondo leNtshona Koloni, ukuze aqukumbele ukubhaliswa kwakho njengomkhokeli wabakhenkethi osemthethweni.
Emva kokuqukunjelwa koqeqesho, kufuneka ubhalise kwiOfisi Yokubhaliswa Kwabakhokeli Babakhenketh ekwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho apho uya kunikwa inombolo yakho njengomkhokeli wabakhenkethi (yalapha eNtshona Koloni), ibheji yomkhokeli wabakhenkethi kwakunye nekhadi lokuzazisa.
Ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yePhepha Elisisiqinisekiso Soqeqesho esuka kuMqeqeshi/uMvavanyi othenjiweyo nowaziwayo yiTHETHA.
Ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadana yakho yesazisi yalapha eMzantsi Afrika okanye ke incwadana yokundwendwela amanye amazwe okanye iPhepha-mvume Lokuba Ngumhlali Osisigxina okanye iPhepha-mvume Lokusebenza kweli lizwe.
Iikopi eziqinisekisiweyo zazo naziphi na iimpepha zokuba ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi kwakho okanye ke ezazo naziphi na izifundo onazo.
Isiqinisekiso Esifungelweyo Soqeqesho Loncedo Lokuqala.
Isiqinisekiso esifungelweyo sazo zonke iilwimi ezingezo zeli lizwe ozaziyo neziza kusetyenziswa ekukhokeleni abakhenkethi.
Imifanekiso yakho emine elingana naleyo yencwadana yokundwendwela amanye amazwe (bhala igama lakho kumva womfanekiso ngamnye).
Kuya kufuneka nentlawulo yama-R240.00 kumntu ngamnye (zonke iitsheki kufuneka zihlawulwe kwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho).
Xa sele uqeqeshiwe, wavavanywa ze wabhalisa, kuya kufuneka uzithengise njengommkhokeli wabakhenkethi obhalisiweyo ngokuthi uqhagamshelane neenkampani ezithutha abakhenkethi ukuze zikuqeshe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11129.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ungasenza isicelo seemphawu zezokhenketho ukuba zimiselwe kufutshane nesibonelelo sakho sokhenketho.
Isibonelelo sokhenketho esiqulethe umtsalane kubakhenkethi, iinkonzo zokhenketho, indawo yokuhlala kunye neziganeko ezizodwa.
Isibonelelo senkonzo yoluntu okanye inkonzo yoluntu jikelele equlethe izinto ezenza izihamba-ndlela ezininzi (ezinjengeziko lentengiso kummandla) kunye nezinto ezenza izihamba-ndlela ezingephi (ezinjengendawo yokunqula okanye i-ofisi yogqithiso lwamaphepha-mvume okanye imvume yokushishina ngezokhenketho).
Inkonzo yorhwebo okanye yoshishino okanye imveliso eboniswe ngeempawu ezikufuphi nendlela (ngaphandle kwendlela) nezilungiselelwe abaqhubi.
Ungenza isicelo sokuqala seemphawu endleleni kwi-Ofisi ekufutshane nawe yezoKhenketho kwiNgingqi yakho. Ngokusekelwe kwiinkcukacha zesicelo, iofisi yezokhenketho ekufutshane nawe yiyo eyenza izindululo. Iinkcukacha ziye zigqithiselwe kwiziphatha-mandla eziphezulu kwezokhenketho apho kwenziwa khona izindululo ezininzi nokuqwalaselwa kwemiba ethile.
Ngokulandela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zophando, incwadana yembalelwano ephakamisa olu luvo lwesindululo inganikezelwa kwaye ukuba isicelo siye saphumelela, iimpawu ezo zingafakwa. Umnini okanye umsebenzisi wesi sibonelelo uhlawulela amalungiselelo eempawu zokhenketho ezingezizo zexesha likaxakeka, umzekelo, ukudala umtsalane okanye iinkonzo.
Xa kunikezwe ulwazi olufunekayo noluchanekileyo, inkqubo yokuqwalaselwa kwesicelo ayingekhe ibe ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezimbini.
Le ncwadana, Izikhokhelo neFomu yeSicelo seeMPawu lwezoKhenketho eNdleleleni, iqulethe amaphepha engcaciso malunga nokwenziwa kwezicelo nalo lonke ulwazi olulolunye olufunekayo. Abantu abenza izicelo bangalufumana olu xwebhu kwi-ofisi yemicimbi yezokhenketho ekufutshane nabo.
Xa sele uwagqibile amacandelo okuqala kwifomu yokwenza isicelo, kufuneka ubuyisele amaxwebhu kule-ofisi ukuze aqwalaselwe.
Xa ufuna ulwazi olulolunye, jonga uxwebhu kwesi sikhundla soqhagamshelwano ngekhompyutha - Provincial Tourism Facility Audit and Signing Framework for the Western Cape.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11129.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isibonelelo sokhenketho esiqulethe umtsalane kubakhenkethi, iinkonzo zokhenketho, indawo yokuhlala kunye neziganeko ezizodwa.
Isibonelelo senkonzo yoluntu okanye inkonzo yoluntu jikelele equlethe izinto ezenza izihamba-ndlela ezininzi (ezinjengeziko lentengiso kummandla) kunye nezinto ezenza izihamba-ndlela ezingephi (ezinjengendawo yokunqula okanye i-ofisi yogqithiso lwamaphepha-mvume okanye imvume yokushishina ngezokhenketho).
Inkonzo yorhwebo okanye yoshishino okanye imveliso eboniswe ngeempawu ezikufuphi nendlela (ngaphandle kwendlela) nezilungiselelwe abaqhubi.
Ungenza isicelo sokuqala seemphawu endleleni kwi-Ofisi ekufutshane nawe yezoKhenketho kwiNgingqi yakho. Ngokusekelwe kwiinkcukacha zesicelo, iofisi yezokhenketho ekufutshane nawe yiyo eyenza izindululo. Iinkcukacha ziye zigqithiselwe kwiziphatha-mandla eziphezulu kwezokhenketho apho kwenziwa khona izindululo ezininzi nokuqwalaselwa kwemiba ethile.
Ngokulandela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zophando, incwadana yembalelwano ephakamisa olu luvo lwesindululo inganikezelwa kwaye ukuba isicelo siye saphumelela, iimpawu ezo zingafakwa. Umnini okanye umsebenzisi wesi sibonelelo uhlawulela amalungiselelo eempawu zokhenketho ezingezizo zexesha likaxakeka, umzekelo, ukudala umtsalane okanye iinkonzo.
Xa kunikezwe ulwazi olufunekayo noluchanekileyo, inkqubo yokuqwalaselwa kwesicelo ayingekhe ibe ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezimbini.
Le ncwadana, Izikhokhelo neFomu yeSicelo seeMPawu lwezoKhenketho eNdleleleni, iqulethe amaphepha engcaciso malunga nokwenziwa kwezicelo nalo lonke ulwazi olulolunye olufunekayo. Abantu abenza izicelo bangalufumana olu xwebhu kwi-ofisi yemicimbi yezokhenketho ekufutshane nabo.
Xa sele uwagqibile amacandelo okuqala kwifomu yokwenza isicelo, kufuneka ubuyisele amaxwebhu kule-ofisi ukuze aqwalaselwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.1114.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo inikezelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngentsebenziswano neNkonzo Yethala Leencwadi yeNtshona Koloni. Amathala eencwadi ngamaziko olwazi kubantwana nabantu abadala. Uluntu lunakho ukufumana okanye luboleke iincwadi, iincwadi ezincedisa ekufundiseni, amacwecwe omculo, imiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, amacwecwe okugcina ulwazi, amaphepha-ndaba kwakunye namaphepha aveliswa ngamaxesha athile kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nabo.
ISixeko saseKapa sinekhalenda ehlaziywa rhoqo kwikhompyutha , nequka ezi ndidi zilandelayo zeziganeko: Imisebenzi yobugcisa nemidlalo yeqonga, Ukhuphiswano, Iimalike zemisebenzi yobugcisa, Ukonwatyiswa, Usapho, Ezempilo, Indlela yokuphila enempilo nenesiphiwo sokuyila, Iintlangano zobuhlobo, Ezenzululwazi nobuxhaka-xhaka Bobugcisa, Ezenkolo, Ezemidlalo.
Asixhenxe amaziko enkcubeko avulelekileyo ukuze asetyenziswe yimibutho aaqumrhu anikezela ngeenkonzo zemfundo kwikcubeko. La maziko enkcubeko anikezela ngendawo yokuhlala kwakunye nezixhobo zokubambela iingqungquthela.
<fn>GOV-ZA.1116.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba awunako ukuhlawula igqwetha, ungafumana uncedo lwezomthetho (uncedo ngezemali kwimirhumo yamagqwetha). Kuya kufuneka uphumelele uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'means test', oko kukuthi, kufuneka ubonise ukuba urhola imali ngenyanga engaphantsi kwexabiso elimiswe yiBhodi yoNcedo lwaseMthethweni. Eli xabiso liyatshintsha xa ungatshatanga okanye utshatile kwaye likwatshintsha ngokuhamba kwamaxesha.
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
IiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zisebenza ngemiba yoluntu apho ibango lingaphantsi kwama-R7000. Zikholo ukwenza ukuba inkqubo yeenkundla ikhawuleze.
A list of Western Cape and National legislation on Cape Gateway, ordered by year. A full list of National legislation is available at www.gov.za.
Yintoni iNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela Ngubani onokufaka ibango kule ngxowa-mali Ungayifumanela ukwenza ntoni imali Yintoni ukungakhathali Libango lemali engakanani onokulifaka Ibango liphunyezwa emva kwexesha elingakanani Ulifaka njani ibango kule Ngxowa-mali Lifakwa phi ibango?
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<fn>GOV-ZA.1116.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba awunako ukuhlawula igqwetha, ungafumana uncedo lwezomthetho (uncedo ngezemali kwimirhumo yamagqwetha). Kuya kufuneka uphumelele uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'means test', oko kukuthi, kufuneka ubonise ukuba urhola imali ngenyanga engaphantsi kwexabiso elimiswe yiBhodi yoNcedo lwaseMthethweni. Eli xabiso liyatshintsha xa ungatshatanga okanye utshatile kwaye likwatshintsha ngokuhamba kwamaxesha. Kufuneka...
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
IiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zisebenza ngemiba yoluntu apho ibango lingaphantsi kwama-R7000. Zikholo ukwenza ukuba inkqubo yeenkundla ikhawuleze.
Yintoni iNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela Ngubani onokufaka ibango kule ngxowa-mali Ungayifumanela ukwenza ntoni imali Yintoni ukungakhathali Libango lemali engakanani onokulifaka Ibango liphunyezwa emva kwexesha elingakanani Ulifaka njani ibango kule Ngxowa-mali Lifakwa phi ibango..?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11236.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
INkqubo yeDesika yoNcedo kwezoKhenketho iqaliselwe ukunikezela uncedo kubarhwebi kwezokhenketho. IDesika yoNcedo nganye kwezoKhenketho iphawula ngokudlamkileyo amathuba kunye nabarhwebi ekuqaliseni ukukhula kwezoKhenketho kwii-SMME ingakumbi kwimimandla esemaphandleni.
Kugcinwe incwadi enoluhlu lwamagama abanikezeli benkxaso, amathuba oshishino, amathuba enkxaso-mali kunye neqela labalamli abanolwazi ngoku abanokuthi abarhwebi bancedakale kulo.
Inyathelo lokuqala elidityanelweyo koku liya bhexesha okanye lenziwe lula.
Kunikezwa uncedo ekwenzeni izicwangciso zoshishino.
Iingcebiso kugcino lweencwadi namaxwebhu luyafumaneka.
Ulwazi jikelele nengcaciso ethile iyanikezwa malunga noshishino kwezokhenketho.
Iindibano zeengxoxo ze-SMME ziyabanjwa, zibhexeshwa licandelo lezokhenketho, iingcaphephe kurhwebo noshishino ekuncedeni abarhwebi abatsha ekuphuhliseni amashishini abo abheke phambili.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11236_2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
INkqubo yeDesika yoNcedo kwezoKhenketho iqaliselwe ukunikezela uncedo kubarhwebi kwezokhenketho. IDesika yoNcedo nganye kwezoKhenketho iphawula ngokudlamkileyo amathuba kunye nabarhwebi ekuqaliseni ukukhula kwezoKhenketho kwii-SMME ingakumbi kwimimandla esemaphandleni.
Kugcinwe incwadi enoluhlu lwamagama abanikezeli benkxaso, amathuba oshishino, amathuba enkxaso-mali kunye neqela labalamli abanolwazi ngoku abanokuthi abarhwebi bancedakale kulo.
Inyathelo lokuqala elidityanelweyo koku liya bhexesha okanye lenziwe lula.
Kunikezwa uncedo ekwenzeni izicwangciso zoshishino.
Iingcebiso kugcino lweencwadi namaxwebhu luyafumaneka.
Ulwazi jikelele nengcaciso ethile iyanikezwa malunga noshishino kwezokhenketho.
Iindibano zeengxoxo ze-SMME ziyabanjwa, zibhexeshwa licandelo lezokhenketho, iingcaphephe kurhwebo noshishino ekuncedeni abarhwebi abatsha ekuphuhliseni amashishini abo abheke phambili.
<fn>GOV-ZA.112509.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luqulethe iingcebiso ezisuka kumagosa asebenza kaRhulumente wePhondo asebenza ngeethenda, ngcebiso ezo zikunika amacebo okuphucula amathuba akho okukhuphisana ngeethenda zikarhulumente ngempumelelo.
Nikezela ngazo zonke iinkcukacha ezifunwa seso sicelo sethenda ngawo onke amaxesha. Ungazilibali izinto ezifana nesiqinisekiso sakho sokuhlanjwa kwirhafu kwakunye neziqinisekiso zabanini beshishini elo lakho. Qwalasela: iziqinisekiso zokuhlanjwa kwirhafu eziphelelwe lixesha nazo azamkelekanga.
Kubalulekile ke ukuba izibalo zamaxabiso eethenda abe achanekile. jonga ze UJONGISISE oku!
Amaxesha amaninzi, abafaki-zicelo zeethenda baye bangabuqondi kakuhle ubuzaza bomsebenzi. Ukuba kukho nantoni na ongaqinisekanga ngayo kuloo thenda, BUZA!
LUTYIKITYE rhoqo uxwebhu lwakho lwethenda. Amaxwebhu eethenda angatyikitywanga awaphendulwa yaye yaye aya kukhatyelwa ngaphandle.
Qinisekisa ukuba ufaka isicelo sakho sethenda kwibhokisi echanekileyo, phambi komhla wokuvalwa. Ngokomthetho, iithenda ezingene emva kwexesha aziyi kwamkelwa, nokuba sezisemva kwexesha ngomzuzwana omnye.
Ukuba kuye kwacelwa imizekelo, kufuneka kunikezelwe ngenani elaneleyo ukuze ithenda nganye ibe nokuvanywa phantsi kwemiqathango eyiyo yobugcisa neyaseklinikhi. Qinisekisa ke kwakho ukuba naziphi na iimfuno ezinento yokwenza nokumelana nemigangatho yeSABS iyagfikeleleka.
Fundisisa kakuhle onke amaxwebhu ethenda ngawo onke amaxesha.
Yenza uvavanyo lwamaxabiso oluchanekileyo xa ubala amaxabiso akho aloo thenda. Amaxabiso eethenda abalwe aphezulu kakhulu okanye asezantsi kakhulu athatyathwa njengangayiboni kakuhle le thenda.
Buza ngaloo thenda ze ufumane zonke iinkcukacha ngayo phambi kokuba ugcwalise uxwebhu lwayo.
Uze ungoyiki ukubuza ukuba kutheni na ungakhange uphumelele kwithenda ethile ukuze ube nokufunda kwiimpazamo ozenzileyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba uyamelana nazo zonke iimfuno ngexesha elichanekileyo yaye uyakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho xa sithe saphumelela isicelo sakho.
Ukunikezela iinkonzo neemveliso ezisemgangathweni kuya kuphucula igama lakho yaye uya kuba mhle kwiincwadi zelo sebe. Ukuza neenkonzo neemveliso ezingekho mgangathweni kukunika igama elibi hayi kwisihishini lakho nje kuphela kodwa kuwo onke amashishini asakhasayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.113958.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.113971.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana libonelela iindwendwe ngezikhokelo kwakunye namacebno okhuseleko ukuqinisekisa ukuhlala ngendlela ekhuselekileyo eNtshona Koloni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11430.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Icandelwana lonkcenkceshelo kwiCandelo loLawulo lwezobuNjineli bezoLimo linikezela ngengcebiso nezikhokelo zokunceda abo bangabankcenkcesheli ukuba amanzi bawasebenzise ngendlela enocikizeko. Ezi ngcebiso ke nezi zikhokelo zibandakanya nokuhlolwa kwendlela ezicwangciswe ngayo izinto zokunkcenkceshela kwakunye nokuzihlola indlela ezisebenza ngayo phaya emasimini ezi zinto zokunkcenkceshela, khona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ziyahambelana nemigangatho...
Esi sikhokelo sihlanganiselwe ukuncediasana namafama, abasebenzi abongezelelweyo, abaphandi kwanabanye ababandakanyekayo kwimicimbi yaloo efama yenkcitho kwanasekuthatyathweni kwezigqibo ezinento yokwenza noomatshini.
Amafama anikwa iinkonzo zocwangciso lokusetyenziswa kwemitshini ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukuba amafama azisebenzisa kangangoko nangokufanelekileyo izixhobo zokusebenza zolimo. Umba wokukhuthazwa koLimo Olunolondolozo apha eNtshona Koloni (ukungaphethulwa qho komhlaba, ukulawulwa kwentsalela yezilimo emva kokuba kuvuniwe ukuze umhlaba ukwazi ukuwugcina umnyakamo wawo kwakunye nokulandelwa kwenkqubo yokuzitshintsha-tshintsha izilimo) yeyona nto...
<fn>GOV-ZA.11433.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Iindlela zoqulunqo lohlahlo-mali lwamashishini eCOMBUD zingasetyenziswa njengezikhokelo zokuqulunqwa kohlahlo-mali lwamashishini amatsha okanye ekuthelekiseni amanani kuhlahlo-mali lwamashishini asele eqhuba.
Ishishini eliqhutywa gentsebenziswano lishishini eliqhutywa liqela labantu abasebenza kunye ukufikelela kwiinjongo zabo.
Eyona nto lijolise kuyo eli candelo kukufaka ixabiso kwiimveliso zolimo kule fama ngokweenkqubo ezifana nokomisa, ukupholisa, ukufaka ezikanini kwanokufaka ezipakethini ngeenjongo zokwandisa ingeniso kwanamandla okukhuphisana namanye amashishini.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11435.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
p>Le Nkqubo Yesizwe Izihambelayo Yokufumana Iinkcukacha Koovimba-mpepha sisixhobo esifumaneka kwi-internet sokukhangela amaziko oovimba-mpepha. La mabakala ke aluluhlu lweempepha zoovimba ezifumanekayo ezikumaziko ooVimba-mpepha Besizwe soMzantsi Afrika.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11442.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
ICandelo leNgcaciso lijongene nokuphendula imibuzo kwakunye nokwenza unikezelo kumashishini nakwamanye amaqela ngomsebenzi weSebe kwakunye nesibonelelo soShishino esiphuma kuRhulumente.
URhulumente wePhondo uxhasa ushishino lwemiboniso bhanya-bhanya ngokwemisebenzi ye- Cape Film Commission.
ISebe loPhuhliso lezoQoqosho linikezela ngenkxaso kubavelisi bezinto zefektri abasakhasayo ngeZiko leNgcebiso yaBenzi bezinto zaseFektri/ Manufacturing Advisory Centre. Eli Ziko lingakunceda kwimigudu yeshishini lakho elincinci, eliphakathi okanye eliselincinci (SMME) ukuphucula ukhuphiswano nokukhula ngokwasekhaya, esizweni nakwiindawo zentengiso zamazwe ngamazwe.
ISebe loPhuhliso loQoqosho noKhenketho luxhasa ushishino lwempahla yokunxiba neyalukiweyo ngokwe- Zikolalo leeNkonzo Zempahla Yokunxiba Neyalukiweyo (i-Clotex).
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo anganobungozi kumandla okuvelisa, ingenso kwakunye nentlalo-ntle yabaqeshwa neentsapho zabo. Imigaqo-nkqubo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo Emisebenzini kwakunye neenkqubo zingadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphamiseni ubulumko ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo, ukuthintela ukosuleleka yile ntsholongwane kwanokunonophela abantu abaphila kwanale ntsholongwane.
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho lingawathumela amafama kuthotho lweenkqubo zokuwaxhobisa ngolwazi, inkxaso noqeqesho.
Ukukhula kweentshukumo Kwibala le-Oli elikwingingqi ekude nje nonxweme oluseNtshona yeAfrika kuza namathuba abaluleke kakhulu kwiNtshona Koloni noMzantsi Afrika.
I-Cape Biotech Initiative (CBI) yabhengezwa ngonyaka ka 2002/2003. Sisambuleni sembutho esijolise ekudaleni urhwebo lobugcisa ngezinto eziphilayo oluxakeke kakhulu eNtshona-Koloni. ICBI imele umdla worhwebo, izifundiswa, urhulumente, ezemali, uluntu nabo bonke abathathi benxaxheba kummandla wobugcisa bofundo ngezinto eziphilayo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11442_2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
ICandelo leNgcaciso lijongene nokuphendula imibuzo kwakunye nokwenza unikezelo kumashishini nakwamanye amaqela ngomsebenzi weSebe kwakunye nesibonelelo soShishino esiphuma kuRhulumente.
Inkxaso Kushishino Lwezolimo iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho lingawathumela amafama kuthotho lweenkqubo zokuwaxhobisa ngolwazi, inkxaso noqeqesho.
Ukukhula kweentshukumo Kwibala le-Oli elikwingingqi ekude nje nonxweme oluseNtshona yeAfrika kuza namathuba abaluleke kakhulu kwiNtshona Koloni noMzantsi Afrika. Indawo esikuyo ngokomhlaba (ngokobufutshane namabala e-oli), indawo yokushishina ephuhlileyo, amandla okushishina kwanamaziko nezixhobo zamazibuko ezifanelekileyo (eKapa naseSaldanha Bay) zenza iNtshona Koloni ibe yeyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yokushishina kwiinkampani...
I-Cape Biotech Initiative (CBI) yabhengezwa ngonyaka ka 2002/2003. Sisambuleni sembutho esijolise ekudaleni urhwebo lobugcisa ngezinto eziphilayo oluxakeke kakhulu eNtshona-Koloni. ICBI imele umdla worhwebo, izifundiswa, urhulumente, ezemali, uluntu nabo bonke abathathi benxaxheba kummandla wobugcisa bofundo ngezinto eziphilayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11443.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zeenkonzo zenkxaso ezikhoyo ukunceda amashishini avelayo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11444.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Abaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lweMizi-mveliso banceda amashishini ekufikeleleni kulwazi oluphathelelene kwiinkqubo zesizwe zenkxaso.
Amashishini angathanda ukufunda ngeendlela zokuthengisela iimalike zamazwe angaphandle, okanye aphucule indlela asebenza ngayo, angalufumana ulwazi kwakunye namathuba oqeqesho kwezi ndawo zilandelayo...
ISebe Labongameli liyayithakazelela into yokusasaza ulwazi ngeenkqubo zenzuzo yemvelisa eya ngaphandle, ingakumbi ulwazi lwenzuzo yorhwebo olutsha lwesizwe.
Xa uRhulumente weSizwe ethetha-thethana ngezivumelwano zorhwebo olutsha, aBaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lezoRhwebo basasaza ulwazi ngezivumelwano kwabo bathengisela amanye amazwe imveliso yeli nakumanye amaqela anomdla. Ukongeza ekunikezeleni umsebenzi obhaliweyo ngezivumelwano zorhwebo, aba baphathi baphinda buqhubae amagumbi okusebenzela.
<fn>GOV-ZA.114506.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ngomhla we-4 kwinyanga yeSilimela apha ku-2005 iKomiti Yeelwimi yalapha eNtshona Koloni yayibambe umsitho wokunikezela ngeziqinisekiso eziphawula ukuphela kwenkqubo ethabathe iminyaka emihlanu yophando ngeelwimi zabathwa. Isidingo solu phando ke safunyaniswa e-"Poem se Voetrus" ngase-Oudtshoorn ngenyanga yeNkanga ngo-2000. Kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo amalungu esizwe sabathwa alapha eNtshona Koloni athabatha inxaxheba kuphando ngeelwimi zabathwa yaye kwenziwa nemihlangano eli-18 ngolwini lwamaNama kwimimandla emithandathu yeli phondo. Le nkqubo ithabathe iminyaka emihlanu iphele ekuvelisweni kwengxelo yopando ngeelwimi zabathwa kwakunye nencwadana necwecwe eliqulethe intshayelelo esisisekelo ngezi lwimi zamaNama.
Ngemihla ye-13 nowe-14 kwinyanga yeNkanga apha ku-2005 iKomiti Yeelwimi iya kube ibambe imihlangano yokuncokola nabameli bezizwe zabathwa abathabatha inxaxheba kwezi nkqubo zichazwe ngentla apha ukuze beze negalelo labo lexesha elide (leminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu) ekuqulunqweni kwesicwangciso-qhinga ngeenzame zokuqhubekeka kuphakanyiswa ze kuphuhliswe iilwimi zabathwa apha eNtshona Koloni. Ezo zicwangciso ke kufuneka zisekelwe kumgaqo wokwakhela phezu koko sele kwenziwe kwinkqubo yokuqala yeminyaka emihlanu, oko ke kukuthi, iindlela zokusebenzisa konke okuthe kwaveliswa apha.
Abameli abasuka kwi-PanSALB (iPan South African Language Board), iQumrhu Lesizwe Leelwimi Zabathwa Nezabantu Basehlathini, noNksz Nomvula Mbangela, onguMququzeleli weSebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko Nemidlalo kumaphondo uMntla, iNtshona neMpuma Kapa, baya kumenywa ukuze beze nelabo igalelo ngegalelo lokuqinisa amatyathanga entsebenziswano phakathi kwemibutho eyahlukeneyo.
Le ndibano iya kube ibanjelwe eSouthern Comfort Western Horse Ranch ngaseKnysna.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha qhagamshelana neKomiti Yeelwimi yaseNtshona Koloni kule nombolo: 021 483 9677 or send an email to exa@pgwc.gov.za.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.114506.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngomhla we-4 kwinyanga yeSilimela apha ku-2005 iKomiti Yeelwimi yalapha eNtshona Koloni yayibambe umsitho wokunikezela ngeziqinisekiso eziphawula ukuphela kwenkqubo ethabathe iminyaka emihlanu yophando ngeelwimi zabathwa. Isidingo solu phando ke safunyaniswa e-"Poem se Voetrus" ngase-Oudtshoorn ngenyanga yeNkanga ngo-2000. Kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo amalungu esizwe sabathwa alapha eNtshona Koloni athabatha inxaxheba kuphando ngeelwimi zabathwa yaye kwenziwa nemihlangano eli-18 ngolwini lwamaNama kwimimandla emithandathu yeli phondo. Le nkqubo ithabathe iminyaka emihlanu iphele ekuvelisweni kwengxelo yopando ngeelwimi zabathwa kwakunye nencwadana necwecwe eliqulethe intshayelelo esisisekelo ngezi lwimi zamaNama.
Ngemihla ye-13 nowe-14 kwinyanga yeNkanga apha ku-2005 iKomiti Yeelwimi iya kube ibambe imihlangano yokuncokola nabameli bezizwe zabathwa abathabatha inxaxheba kwezi nkqubo zichazwe ngentla apha ukuze beze negalelo labo lexesha elide (leminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu) ekuqulunqweni kwesicwangciso-qhinga ngeenzame zokuqhubekeka kuphakanyiswa ze kuphuhliswe iilwimi zabathwa apha eNtshona Koloni. Ezo zicwangciso ke kufuneka zisekelwe kumgaqo wokwakhela phezu koko sele kwenziwe kwinkqubo yokuqala yeminyaka emihlanu, oko ke kukuthi, iindlela zokusebenzisa konke okuthe kwaveliswa apha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11451.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Ukongeza ekubhalisweni kweshishiniamashishini 1/1 amashishini athile alindeleke ukuba afumane imvume yokushishina ngokufnwa yi-Businesses Act.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.114510.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
eCalitzdorp, ngenyanga yoKwindla ka-2006.
Lo mboniso ujoliswe ekwaziseni ngababhali balapha eMzantsi Afrika yaye uphakamisa neelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa apha eNtshona Koloni ngokusesikweni: ezisisiXhosa, isiBhulu nesiNgesi.
Lo mboniso uya kube ubonisa ngemisebenzi yababhali abafana no-Andre Brink, uBreyten Breytenbach, u-Antjie Krog (obhala ngesiBhulu), uNadine Gordimer, uJ.M. Coetzee, uZakes Mda (obhala ngesiNgesi), uB.B Mkonto, uP.T. Mtuze noW. Mbovane (ababhala ngesiXhosa). Abapapashi kwakunye necandelo leenkonzo zamathala eencwadi zizo ezinikezele ngeencwadi ezininzi eziya kube zilapha, ngaphandle nje ke kweencwadi zesiBhulu, ebeziqale zathengelwa jsigaba sesizwe salo mnyhadala.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngalo mboniso uhamba-hambayo woncwadi, qhagamshelana neCandelo Leelwimi likaRhulumente wePhondo kule nombolo: 021 483 9674.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.114510.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Lo mboniso ujoliswe ekwaziseni ngababhali balapha eMzantsi Afrika yaye uphakamisa neelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa apha eNtshona Koloni ngokusesikweni: ezisisiXhosa, isiBhulu nesiNgesi.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngalo mboniso uhamba-hambayo woncwadi, qhagamshelana neCandelo Leelwimi likaRhulumente wePhondo kule nombolo: 021 483 9674.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11452.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Informal trading and hawking is controlled by the municipality. Informal traders are required to get trading permits and may only trade in specified areas. Traders hawking food products are also required to get a business licence and comply with local health standards.
Ukuba ungumnini weshishini elisakhasayo odinga inkxaso nokuncediswa, amaziko Anikezela Ngeengceibiso eRED Door akwiNtshona Kapa iphela anganakho ukukunika iingcebiso, akuncede uze nomkhomba-ndlela ze akuthumele nakweminye imibutho enikezela ngeengcebiso zoshishino.
iSAWEN liqumrhu elinjongo ikukusebenzisana kwabantu nemibutho ezinikele ekuphuhliseni nasekuphuculeni amakhosikazi angoosomashishini. Eli ke liphulo le-dti elinjongo ikukumela nokuvakalisa iminqweno yawo onke amanina angabanini bamashishini (asele esebenza nalawo angekabikho) kwicandelo lamashishini asakhasayo, akhulayo nalawo asele emile.
Ngo-2001/2002 abafundi abangama-3000 abavela kwizikolo ezingama-64 baye baziswa ngoqeqesho loshishino.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11452.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
La ke ngawona masebeaseburhulumenteni, amaqumrhu aseburhulumenteni kwanamabutho entsebenziswano phakathi kukarhulumente namashishini abucala anceda amashishini asakhulayo ukuba afikelele kwinkxaso-mali...
Ukuba unoluvo olukhulu lweshishini, ungaluphuhlisa lube lishishini lokwenyani ngokuthi ungenele ukhuphiswano lwamashishini oluxhaswa liSebe loPhuhliso loQoqosho noKhenketho: Ukhuphiswano lweZicwangciso zamaShishini, Ukhuphiswano lweBusiness Beat lwe-R100...
Ngo-2001/2002 abafundi abangama-3000 abavela kwizikolo ezingama-64 baye baziswa ngoqeqesho loshishino.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11453.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Nawuphi na umntu onqwenelela ukuthengisa, ukwenza nokuhambisa utywala ngokwasemthethweni ngokomthetho kufuneka abe nephepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala.
Ukuba usomashishini othengisa utywala uthi aphaamisane nabanye abantu, oku kunokuthi kanti akuhambiselani nomthetho iLiquor Act okanye ke imiqathango yelo phepha-mvume. Kusenokufakwa isikhalazo emapoliseni, aya kuthi ke wona amthathele amanyathelo loo somashishini.
Unakho ukungasamkeli isicelo sephepha-mvume lotywala.
Uluntu kudingeka ukuba lwazi ngezicelo zamaphepha-mvume otywala aphantsi koqaphelisiso ukuze lukwazi ukudwelisa inkcaso. IBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona-Koloni ngoko ipapasha uludwe lwezicelo ezingenileyo ngenyanga nganye.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11453.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Nawuphi na umntu onqwenelela ukuthengisa, ukwenza nokuhambisa utywala ngokwasemthethweni ngokomthetho kufuneka abe nephepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala.
Ukuba usomashishini othengisa utywala uthi aphaamisane nabanye abantu, oku kunokuthi kanti akuhambiselani nomthetho iLiquor Act okanye ke imiqathango yelo phepha-mvume. Kusenokufakwa isikhalazo emapoliseni, aya kuthi ke wona amthathele amanyathelo loo somashishini. Kwingingqi apho kukho khona umbutho wasekuhlaleni, umzekelo, iqoqo lamapolisa asekuhlaleni okanye umbutho wabahlawuli berhafu...
Unakho ukungasamkeli isicelo sephepha-mvume lotywala.
Uluntu kudingeka ukuba lwazi ngezicelo zamaphepha-mvume otywala aphantsi koqaphelisiso ukuze lukwazi ukudwelisa inkcaso. IBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona-Koloni ngoko ipapasha uludwe lwezicelo ezingenileyo ngenyanga nganye.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11457.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Ukuba uthe wadlwengulwa okanye wenzakaliswa ngokwesondo, ungagqithisa ingxelo malunga noku emapoliseni. Kukuzithandela kwakho ukuba uyigqithise le ngxelo nokuba ungayigqithisi emapoliseni kodwa ukuba awuyinikezeli, ityala lakho alisayi kuphandwa okanye kufakwe simangalo. Amapolisa awavumelekanga ukuba angavumi ukuphanda ityala lakho, kodwa ukuba awuyigqithisanga ingxelo, ityala lakho alisayi kuphandwa...
Ukunikezela ngengxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho osele lwenzekile, kufuneka ufowunele okanye uye kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe. Ukunikezela ngengxelo yodlwengulo okanye ukuphathwa gadalala komntwana kukho izinto ezizodwa ezithi ziqwalaselwe nezisetyenziswayo. Kwixesha likaxakeka kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo yexesha likaxakeka yamapolisa engu: 10111 okanye 112.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11459.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Iphulo Eliluqilima Lokufundisa Ngobungozi Nokuthintelwa Kolwaphulo-mthetho Ezikolweni...
Abantu abasebenzela uxolo bahamba-hamba apha ekuhlaleni yaye bayafumaneka ukuncedisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko yengxwaba-ngxwaba engenazigalo. Ezinye iinkonzo ezinikezelwayo ziquka ukuya kwiziganeko ezinkulu, ezifana nemingcwabo, enokuba nobundlobongela. Abantu abasebenzela uxolo banceda iindawo abahlala kuzo ixesha elingangonyaka. Nabani na obudala buyiminyaka ephakathi kwe-18 nama-35, ongaphangeliyo, ofikeleleyo kwibanga...
Ukufumanela Amaphulo Okhuseleko Loluntu Inkxaso-mali iSebe Lephondo Lokhuseleko Loluntu linikezela ngenkxaso-mali kumaphulo alwa nolwaphulo-mthetho aqhutywa yimibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente ebhalisiweyo kwakunye namabutho Asekuhlaleni Alwa Nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Iqela elilwa ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni liqela labahlali basebumelwaneni nabathi bavumelane ekusekeni eli qela emva kokuxoxa lo mba kunye nabantu abahlala kummandla wabo. Injongo yeli qela kukukhuthaza ubudlelwane obufanelekileyo phakathi kwabahlali kwakunye nokusebenza njengo-'gcinikhaya' kulo mmandla, ngamanye amaxesha ngokujikeleza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokuhlala rhoqo belindele okunokwenzeka kwimisebenzi...
Iinkampani Zokuphuculwa Kwezixeko ezi ziinkampani ezingajonge kwenza ngeniso ezimele abanini-mihlaba (oko kukuthi ke abahlawuli berhafu) kwingingqi yomhlaba kamaspala othile. Le nkampani ke yenza izivumelwano nomaspala kuqokelelwe imali ethe chatha (eyirhafu yale nkampani) kubahlawuli beebkonzo zikamaspala abahlala kuloo ngingqingaphezu kwezo ntlawulo baqhele ukuzihlawula. Le mali ithiwe...
<fn>GOV-ZA.11460.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ukuba ulixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungenzakala ngokwasemphefumlweni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, isikhululo samapolisa yayingeyondawo apho amaxhoba, ingakumbi kulwaphulo-mthetho lobundlobongela, anokuziva ekhululekile xa egqithisa ingxelo yawo kumapolisa, okanye indawo abanokuthi bafumane uncedo lonyango ekonzakaleni ngokwasemphufumlweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11462.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
INkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika (SAPS) ingawohlutha umpu phantsi kweemeko ezithile: Ukuba umntu othile unompu ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume, i-SAPS ingawohlutha ze ifake isimangalo solwaphulo-mthetho ngaloo mntu. Ukuba umntu othile unephepha-mvume lompu kodwa uthi enze ingozi, i-SAPS ingamenza athatyathwe njengalowo ungafanelwanga kukuba nampu. Umntu obanjelwe amatyala athile kucingwa ukuba...
Umthetho Omtsha Wemipu Ozakuqala Ukusebenza Ngomhla Wokuqala kweyeKhala ku-2004, Senziwa Njani Isicelo Sephepha-mvume Iphepha-mvume Lisebenza Ixesha Elingakanani Mingaphi Imipu Umntu Anokuba Nayo Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Sendinalo Iphepha-mvume Luyintoni Na Uxanduva Lwam Xa Ndinompu okanye Ndifuna Ukuba Nompu , Ulwazi Oluthe Vetshe..?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11471.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Kunyanzelekile ukuba isikolo siqalwe ekuqaleni konyaka xa umfundi lowo aza kuqala iminyaka esixhenxe de afikelele kwiBanga le-9 okanye kuloo nyaka umfundi aya kube efikelela kwiminyaka eli-15 ngawo (nokuba yiyiphi na eyenzeka kuqala).
Abafundi bangalufumana uqeqesho olulungiselelwe bona emculweni kumaziko omculo aphantsi kweSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni: Iziko Lomculo iBeau Soleil, Iziko Lomculo iHugo Lambrechts, Iziko Lomculo iFrank Pietersen.
WCED educators are available at three outdoor education centres and four museum programmes in the Western Cape.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11473.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
ICape Academy of Mathematics, Science and Technology eConstantia, eKapa sisikolo esitsha sikarhulumente esiqalwe liSebe lezeMfundo laseNtshona Koloni, sisenzelwa ingakumbi abo bafundi banetalente ekhethekileyo kwizibalo, inzululwazi, nobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa.
Esi Sikhundla Sonxibelelwano Solutsha lweMsomsobomvu siqulethe iinkcukacha ngezifundo ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zithatyathwe kwaneemfuno zokungena kwisifundo ngasinye.
Ngentsimbi ye-06:00 ngomhla wama-28 kwetyoMnga ka-2007, iziphumo zematriki zika-2007 ziya kufumaneka kwi-internet.
IMfundo eQhubayo noQeqesho(i-FET) ibandakanya amaBanga 10 ukuya kwele-12 phaya ezikolweni kanti kwanamanqanaba akwalingana nayo kwiiKholeji zezeMfundo noQeqesho (ezazisakubizwa njengeekholeji zobugcisa kwixa elidlulileyo), ezo ke zezi zeNQF amanqanaba 2 ukuya ku4, ndawonye nesiqinisekiso ekuthiwa yi-National Technical Certificates 1 ukuya ku-3.
FET is the education and training provided from Grades 10 to 12, including career-oriented education and the training offered in technical colleges, community colleges and private colleges.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa uthi ulahlekelwe sisiqinisekuiso sakho sebanga leshumi Ungasifumana esinye esithabatha indawo yeso usilahlileyo kwiSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni, ukuba iimviwo zakho zeli banga wazibhalela kweli phondo?
Ingaba ufuna ukuqinisekisa isiqinisekiso sokuphumelela imatriki okanye idiploma yobufundisi-ntsapho Ungasithumela ngefeksi ke isicelo eso sakho ke kwiSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Koloni okanye Kumalusi okanye ke uqhagamshelane nabo ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha?
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11473.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Esi Sikhundla Sonxibelelwano Solutsha lweMsomsobomvu siqulethe iinkcukacha ngezifundo ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zithatyathwe kwaneemfuno zokungena kwisifundo ngasinye. Ulwazi olulapho luquka: ingcaciso ngezo zifundo, iimpawu zomntu onokuthabatha ezo zifundo, inqanaba lokufunda olufunekayo (kuquka nokuzikhethela izifundo ozithandayo), izifundo zeziko lemfundo ephakamileyo ezifunwayo, abaqeshi abanokuba nomdla kwabo bafundi,...
Kwenzeka ntoni xa uthi ulahlekelwe sisiqinisekuiso sakho sebanga leshumi Ungasifumana esinye esithabatha indawo yeso usilahlileyo kwiSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni, ukuba iimviwo zakho zeli banga wazibhalela kweli phondo?
Ingaba ufuna ukuqinisekisa isiqinisekiso sokuphumelela imatriki okanye idiploma yobufundisi-ntsapho Ungasithumela ngefeksi ke isicelo eso sakho ke kwiSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Koloni okanye Kumalusi okanye ke uqhagamshelane nabo ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11477.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
ISebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni (iWCED) liyajongisisa ukuba abantwana ababhaliselwe imfundo yasekhaya benza umsebenzi ohambelana nezidingo zemfundo ngokuthiwa thaca leli sebe yaye bayavavanywa futhi bazuza iziphumo ezidingekayo kubantwana abakwelo banga.
Abazali abafuna ukubonelela abantwana babo ngemfundo yasekhaya kufuneka babhalise kwi- WCED.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11492.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Sonke isibhedlele sabucala okanye indawo esebenza ngezigulane enganxulumenanga nekawonke-wonke kufuneka ibhalisiwe. Xa oko kwenziwe iSebe lezeMpilo liza kunikezela ngesiqinisekiso sokubhaliswa kumnini weso sibhedlele, ekufuneka sihlaziywe phambi komhla wama-31 kweyoMnga wonyaka ngamnye.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11494.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Abantu abadala basoloko bedinga iinkonzo ezizodwa zempilo. Ezi nkonzo ke kusenokufuneka zikhatshwe zezinye iinkonzo ezinokulungela abantu abadala ezifana neenkonzo zezindlu kwanezothutho ezilungele kuphela abantu abadala.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11500.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ithala Leencwadi le-ATTIC livulelekile kulunt yaye liqulethe ulwazi kuzo zonke iinkalo ezinento yokwenza nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo/izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo nesifo sephepha.
I-ATICC le inikezela ngeentsilathi, amaphetshana anolwazi, iincwadana ezineenkcukacha kwakunye namaphepha eluntwini. Ezi mpepha ke zifumaneka simahla yaye zixhomekeke kwiinguqu nasekuebeni zisekho na.
Lukhona unyango lwezifo ezinamathuba athile, kwaye ziyanyangeka, azifani neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ezo zifo zidibanisa urhudo, isifo sephepha, ukungenwa yingqele ngaphakathi nekhandida enokufunyanwa lula ngumntu onesifo seNtsholongwane kuba amajoni akhe okulwa nezifo akomelelanga. Lukhona unyango lokosulelwa zizifo ezinamathuba athile kubantu abaneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo nabangenaye.
Ukosulelwa kosana ngunina kwenzeka xa intsholongwane kaGawulayo, intsholongwane ebangela uGawulayo, ithe yadluliselwa ukusuka kumama isiya kusana olungekazalwa ngethuba lokukhulelwa, ngethuba lokubeleka okanye ngethuba lokuncancisa.
Umntu ofuna ukuzazi ukuba wosulelwe na yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo angaya ekliniki okanye nakweliphi na uncedo lwempilo lukawonke-wonke lokuya kuzifunela uvavanyo neengcebiso. Umntu uyazithabathela isigqibo sokuya kuvavanyo - akukho mntu unokunyanzeliswa ukuba aye kwenza uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Amachiza okwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwabaneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo ngamayeza asetyenziswa ekunyangeni abantu abosuleleke yintsholongwane kaGawulayo (ebangela ukudodobala kwamajoni omzimba).
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11500.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ithala Leencwadi le-ATTIC livulelekile kulunt yaye liqulethe ulwazi kuzo zonke iinkalo ezinento yokwenza nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo/izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo nesifo sephepha. Eli thala leencwadi ke liqulethe uluhlu olugqibeleleyo lwemifanekiso bhanya-bhanya, amaphepha-ndaba aphuma ngamaxesha athile, imihlathi, iincwadi ezinikezela ngoqeqesho, iimpepha eziqulethe uphando, iingxelo, izintlu, amaphetshana aneenkcukacha ezithile,...
I-ATICC le inikezela ngeentsilathi, amaphetshana anolwazi, iincwadana ezineenkcukacha kwakunye namaphepha eluntwini. Ezi mpepha ke zifumaneka simahla yaye zixhomekeke kwiinguqu nasekuebeni zisekho na.
Lukhona unyango lwezifo ezinamathuba athile, kwaye ziyanyangeka, azifani neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ezo zifo zidibanisa urhudo, isifo sephepha, ukungenwa yingqele ngaphakathi nekhandida enokufunyanwa lula ngumntu onesifo seNtsholongwane kuba amajoni akhe okulwa nezifo akomelelanga. Lukhona unyango lokosulelwa zizifo ezinamathuba athile kubantu abaneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo nabangenaye. Kufuneka baye ekliniki, abantu...
Ukosulelwa kosana ngunina kwenzeka xa intsholongwane kaGawulayo, intsholongwane ebangela uGawulayo, ithe yadluliselwa ukusuka kumama isiya kusana olungekazalwa ngethuba lokukhulelwa, ngethuba lokubeleka okanye ngethuba lokuncancisa.
Umntu ofuna ukuzazi ukuba wosulelwe na yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo angaya ekliniki okanye nakweliphi na uncedo lwempilo lukawonke-wonke lokuya kuzifunela uvavanyo neengcebiso. Umntu uyazithabathela isigqibo sokuya kuvavanyo - akukho mntu unokunyanzeliswa ukuba aye kwenza uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Amanyathelo angundoqo ekufuneka ethatyathiwe kukufumana iingcebiso ngaphambi kolu vavanyo, uvavanyo buqu...
<fn>GOV-ZA.11502.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Ugonyo lukhusela abantu abadala nabantwana kwizifo ezinobungozi kodwa zinokuthintelwa. UMbutho weMpilo kaZwelonke uthi ugonyo luhlangula ubomi bezigidi ezithathu zabantu ngonyaka. Umntwana wakho angakhuseleka kwezi zigulo zilandelayo ukuba uthe wagonywa, Kufuneka agonywe nini umntwana wakho?
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11505.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Iinkonzo zempilo zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala zixilonga zigonye ze zinyange izifo zengqondo eziqhelekileyo, futhi zenza namalungiselelo okuthumela iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ezinobunzima kumanqanaba afanele oko empilo yengqondo.
Zikho iinkonzo zabantwana nabantu abakhulu abazizigulane ezilaliswayo nezingalaliswayo, nkonzo ezo zifumaneka ngamaxesha apho ezo zigulane zilufuna kakhulu unyango naxa kukho imfuneko yokuba zinyangelwe bucala ukudlula kumaziko onyango lokuqala.
Zikho iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonyango lokuqala nonyango lwasesibhedlele lwabantwana, abafikisayo ebuntwini nabantu abakhulu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11513.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Xa kuthethwa ngempilo yasemsebenzini kuthethwa ngempilo nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Injongo yeenkonzo ezijongene nempilo yasemsebenzini kukuphakamisa umgangatho wezempilo, ukhuseleko nokwaneliseka kwiindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo nokukhuthaza ubukho babasebenzi abampilo intle, abakhutheleyo nabavelisa kangangoko. Nangona kunjalo, zikho iindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo ezingakhuselekanga nezichaphazela impilo yabasebenzi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11515.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Iinkonzo zeMpilo zezokusiNgqongileyo zephondo ziphicotha (zijonga zize zihlole), zilungelelanise zixhase iinkonzo zempilo zokusingqongileyo kwiphondo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11516.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Le nkonzo ijolise ekuboneleleni, ekuyaleleni, ekulungiseni nasekusetyenzisweni kutsha kwezixhobo zokuncedisana nabagulayo, zixhobo ezo zifana nezitulo ezinamavili, izixhobo zokuhamba kunye nezixhobo zokuncedisana nabangevayo, abazifunayo ezo zixhobo.
Uninzi lweengxaki zokukhubazeka, kubandakanywa iingxaki zokuthetha nokuva zibonakala xa iintsana nabaqingqayo behlolwa njalo ngexesha lokukhula kwabo kwiikliniki zonyango. Ukuba ikho imfuneko umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki esebenza ngeengxaki ezizodwa. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. igcali yezifo zasemsebenzini, kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango...
<fn>GOV-ZA.11517.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Inkonzo izama ukunceda omama notata abangafumani bantwana ukuba bakhawule babe nzima. Ingcebiso nolwazi luyanikezelwa mayela neendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo. Imbali yala maqabane iyathatyathwa zize neemvavanyo zenziwe. Kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, unyango lochumiso luyanikezelwa okanye kucetyiswe ngokuchasene nalo.
Inkonzo Engxamisekileyo Yokuthintela Ukukhulelwa ingancedisa ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwea okungalindelekanga. Nangona le nkonzo Ingxamisekileyo Yokucwangicsa ingasetyenziswa iiyure ezilikhulu elinamashumi amabini nje (iintsuku ezintlanu) emva kokuzibandakanya komntu wkintshukumo yesondo engakhuselekanga, kungakuhle kakhulu ukuba inokuqala ukusetyenziswa kwiiyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini (kwiintsuku ezintathu) emva kwaloo ntshukumo ingakhuselekanga yesondo yaye isebenzisa...
Abantu basetyhini abangafuni kuqhubekeka nokukhulelwa kwabo banokukhetha ukukuphelisa oko kukhulelwa. Ukuqhomfa ungakhange uhlawule nesenti kuyafumaneka kwezinye iikliniki zoMbuso.
Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo. Ekliniki, ixhoba eli liya kuthi lihlatywe imibuzo ze linikwe neengcebiso ngumsebenzi wezempilo...
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza. Ukuba kuthe kwafumaniseka iqhuma, uya kuthunyelwa kuphando oluthe xhaxhe, oluya kuhlanganisa imammogram, ukususwa nokuxilongwa kweqhuma elo ukufumanisa ukuba alinabungozi na (alinamhlaza) okanye linobungozi (linomhlaza) na, ze ke umntu lowo aqeqeshelwe...
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonkomama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11520.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Inkqubo yokuthintela ukunwenwa kwesifo sephepha ijolise ekuchongeni abantu abangama- 80% abanesi sifo, ngeenzame zokusinyanga ngoko nangoko. Le Nkqubo ke ikwazama ukufumana eli chibi lingaka labantu abonokosulela abanye ngesi sifo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11530.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Isebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ineengcingo zomnxeba ukunceda abantu abafuna ezinye iinkcukacha ngokufudukela kweli okanye okanye abanemibuzo ngoMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezisuka kwiSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, ungaqhagamshelana noCingo lweSebe olungu: 0800 60 11 90.
Incwadi Yesazisi yincwadi yaseburhulumenteni esetyenziselwa ukuzazisa. Ilizwe ngalinye kufuneka likwazi ukubazi abemi balo. Amaziko abucala nakawonke-wonke nawo afuna ubungqina bokuba ungulo mntu uthi unguye(umzekelo, ukwenzela ukubhankisha nokuvota).
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika banamalungelo athile abathi abo bangengobemi beli bangabi nawo. Umzekelo, ilungelo:lokuvota, lokunikwa incwadana yokundwendwela, lokubuyela eMzantsi Afrika emva kokuhlala kwenye indawo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11532.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
ISebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya laphehlelela ngokusesikweni inkonzo yekhompyutha yokuqinisekiswa kobume bomtshato njengengxenyeyePhulo Lokuqinisekisa Ubume Bakho Bomtshato elaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeThupha. Le nkonzo ivulelwe ukunceda ekuthinteleni nasekuvezeni iimeko apho abemi boMzantsi Afrika batshatiswa bengazi kubemi bamanye amazwe. Amaqabane la asuka kumanye amazwe asebenzisa umtshato...
Xa utshata, unikwa isiqinisekiso somtshato esingahlawulelwayo. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana esinye isiqinisekiso somtshato ngosuku olusezayo, kufuneka: Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-13, Ulifake kwi-ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, Unikezele intlawulo.
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala kunye namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala abanakutshata ngaphandle kwemvume yabucala yaye nabani na ongaphantsi kwama-21eminyaka ubudala unokufumana imvume yabazali bakhe phambi kokuba abe uyatshata.
Izibini ezitshatileyo zingawuphelisa umtshato ngokuthi ziwuqhawule. Oku kuphelisa umtshato yaye abantu abaqhawule banokutshata kwakhona ngokusemthethweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11533.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ukuba inkundla iyalele umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana, kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungahlawuli.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11536.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Xa umntu esweleka, usapho kufuneka lukuxele oko kusweleka kuMphathi weofisi Yokuzalwa Nokusweleka. Kufuneka bakwenze oku emva nje kokuba usapho lufumene isiqinisekiso sokusweleka kugqirha.
Xa ubhalisa ukusweleka neSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, uza kunikwa isiqinisekiso sokusweleka esifinyeziweyo.
Xa usweleka, izinto zakho zabelwa usapho lwakho okanye abantu ofuna bafumane ilifa lakho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11541.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
ISixeko saseKapa sinekhalenda ehlaziywa rhoqo kwikhompyutha , nequka ezi ndidi zilandelayo zeziganeko: Imisebenzi yobugcisa nemidlalo yeqonga, Ukhuphiswano, Iimalike zemisebenzi yobugcisa, Ukonwatyiswa, Usapho, Ezempilo, Indlela yokuphila enempilo nenesiphiwo sokuyila, Iintlangano zobuhlobo, Ezenzululwazi nobuxhaka-xhaka Bobugcisa, Ezenkolo, Ezemidlalo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.115549.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana licacisa ngokuba siyintoni esi sifo sephepha singeva machiza ze linikezele nangeenkcukacha ngonyango nokuthintela ukosuleleka sisoIsifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza.
Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza, nqwa nesifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo" siyathinteleka yayesiyanyangeka. Ukuya kuselithuba kwiziko lakho lempilo kwanokuthobela imigaqo yonyango kagqirha kuya kuthintela ukusasazeka kakhulu kwesi sifo.
Khuthaza nabani na okhohlela isithuba seeveki ezingapha kwesibini ukuba kufumanauvavanyo lwesifo sephepha nokuba wonke ubani ophila nesi sifo ukuba awagqibe amayeza akhe.
Yintoni Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Bangaphi Abantu baseNtshona Koloni Abaphila Nesi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Yintoni Unobangela Wokuhlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Ingaba Umntu Angahlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Engazange Wakhe Wanaso Isifo Sephepha "Esiqhelekileyo"?
Ingaba Kulula Ukuhlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Ingaba Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Sosulela kakhulu Kunesifo Sephepha "Esiqhelekileyo"?
Ziintoni Iimpawu (Izikhalazo) Zabantu Abaphila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Sifunyaniswa Njani Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Kungathinteleka Njani Ukosuleleka Sisifo Sephepha (kuquka neso Singeva Machiza)?
Ingaba Umntu Ophila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Angaqhubekeka Esebenza, futhi ukuba akunjalo, Ingaba Unakho Ukuyifumana Inkam-nkam Yokukhubazeka?
Ingaba Likho Ikhonkco Phakathi Kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kukaGawulayo Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Ingaba umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye abantu abaphila noGawulayo bangawasebenzisa na amachiza alwa nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza kwanalawo adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaxesha-nye?
Kuthethwa Ngantoni xa Kuthethwa "Ngogqabhuko" Lwesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Xa Kunokuthi Kubekho Ugqabhuko Lwesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza, Kungathintelwa Njani Ukusasazeka kwesi Sifo?
Yintoni Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza luhlobo lwesifo sephepha olubangelwa ngamagciwane angabulalekileyo ngamachiza aqhelekileyo okunyanga isifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo". Ngamanye amazwi ke, amachiza aqhelekileyo esiwasebenzisela ukunyanga isifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo" awayi kusebenza.
Bangaphi Abantu baseNtshona Koloni Abaphila Nesi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Iphondo leNtshona Kapa lisezantsi noko lona ngokwabantu abaphila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza xa lithelekiswa namanye amaphondo nezinye iingingqi zehlabathi.
Kubo bonke abantu ekufunyaniswe ukuba baphila nesifo sephepha okokuqala, isinye ekhulwini kubo siya kuba nesi sifo sephepha singeva machiza, futhi bonke abantu abafunyaniswe bephila nesifo sephepha emva kokuba bebekhe basinyangwa ngaphambili, isine ekhulwini kubo siya kuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza.
uMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo ubeka uMzantsi Afrika kwindawo yethoba kumazwe ehlabathi anelona nani liphakamileyo lokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha minyaka le.
Oku ke kuthetha ukuba izinga lesifo sephepha esingeva machiza lisezantsi kweli Phondo, kusekho inani elivisayo labantu abafunyaniswa bephila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza kweli phondo minyaka le.
Ngokwesiqhelo ziphakathi kwama-450 nama-600 iimeko ezintsha zokuhlaselwa kwabantu sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza apha eNtshona Kapa minyaka le.
Yintoni Unobangela Wokuhlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Isifo sephepha esingeva machiza sibangelwa kukukhula kwamagciwane esifo sepha ekungoku nje engasaluva ulwamvila lwamachiza alwa nesi sifo. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokunganyangwa ngokufanelekileyo okanye ngendlela kwesifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo", mhlawumbi ngokuhlanganiswa kwamachiza angahlanganiyo okanye amachiza afanayo ekunyangeni isifo sephepha "siqhelekileyo" , ukuphelelwa kweeklinikhi ngamachiza, ukungacetyiswa ngendlela kwezigulana zesifo sephepha nako kukhokelela ekubeni izigulana ezi zingawasebenzisi ngendlela amachiza azo onyango (ukungayithobeli imigaqo yonyango) okanye ukungabuyeli eklinikhi ukuya kilanda la machiza onyango (unyango lokuqala).
Ingaba Umntu Angahlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Engazange Wakhe Wanaso Isifo Sephepha "Esiqhelekileyo"?
Ikakhulu isifo sephepha esingeva machiza sivela ngenxa yokuba yokungathotyelwa kwemigaqo yonyango lwesifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo"; kodwa ke kuyenzeka nokuba athi umntu engazange abe naso okanye afumane nyango lwesi sephepha ngaphambili, asuke ahlaselwe ligciwane lesifo sephepha elingeva machiza, ukuba ubekhe wasoloko ekufutshane nomntu ophila nesi sifo.
Nabani na osoloko ekufutshane nomntu ophila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza angasemngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa sesi sifo. Abantu abaninzi abanamajoni omzimba omeleleyo abayi kuhlaselwa sesi sifo, njengoko amajoni emizimba's yabo enokumelana nokulilwa eli gciwane.
Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo" bakwakwelo zinga liphakamileyo wokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza.
Iintsana nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala (kuya kufuneka bafumane unyango ukuze babe nakho ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha ukuba bakufutshane nomntu ophila nesi sifo).
Abantu abakwiingxaki zokusebenzisa kakubi amachiza afana notywala neziyobisi.
Ingaba Kulula Ukuhlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Ingaba Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Sosulela kakhulu Kunesifo Sephepha "Esiqhelekileyo"?
Abukho ubungqina obudiza ukuba kulula ukuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza kunokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo.
Isofo sephepha esihlasela imiphunga sisesona sosulela kakhulu kunezihlasela amanye amalungu omzimba, ngenxa eli gciwane lingakhutshelwa ngaphandle komzimba ze lisasazwe njengamathontsana aqhutywa ngumoya.
Ziintoni Iimpawu (Izikhalazo) Zabantu Abaphila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Ukukhohlela kakhulu isithuba sexesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini.
Sifunyaniswa Njani Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Xa kubonakala ukuba umntu othile uneempawu zesifo sephepha, okanye kufumaniseka ukuba uphila nomntu ophila onesi sifo, abasebenzi baseklinikhi baya kucela ukuba loo mntu ukuba abaphe iibhotilana ezimbini ezinamathe akhe (ezinesikhohlela esisuka koko kukhohlela), eziya kuthunyelwa kwiziko lophando ukuze zivavanywe ngesixhobo soko. Ngaphezu kwesi mvavanyo ziqhelekileyo ke zenzelwa ukufumanisa isifo sephepha, kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo ezibizwa ngokuba zezenkcubeko nobuzaza, zenziwa kula mathe abantu ekukrokreleka ukuba baphila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa ziingcali ke zithabatha iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine ukufumanisa ubukho beli gciwane lingeva machiza, kwanokufumanisa ukuba leliphi na ichiza eliya kulungela ukulwa neli gciwane. Ngaphezu koko, kwiimeko ezithile, kuya kuthatyathwa imifanekiso yomphakathi wesifuba ukufumanisa umonakalo osele wenzeke kwimiphunga kwanokubeka iliso kwifuthe lonyango ebomini besigulana eso.
Ingaba Abantu Abaphila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Banganyangwa Baphile?
Kunzinyana ukunyanga Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza kunzima kunesifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo kuba kaloku amagciwane esi sifo omelele kunamachiza enzelwe ukulwa nesifo sepepha esiqhelekileyo. Kusetyenziswa amachiza "akwinqanaba lesibini" okulwa nesifo sephepha, machiza lawo angenamandla aneleyo futhi akwanefuthe elibi kumntu owasebenzisayo. Iziphumo nefuthe lamachiza onyango azintlanga njengezo zilwa isifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo - esibulalekayo ngala machiza, esinye sezizathu ke ikukuba kaloku esi sifo singeva machiza sona sihlasela ikakhulu abantu abanemiphunga eyonakele kakhulu nabaphume bengena ixesha elide kumachiza okulwa nesifo sephepha. Xa sifunyaniswe kwangexesha, amathuba okunyangeka aba ngcono. Ngokwesiqhelo, bangaphantsi kwamashumi amahlanu ekhulwini abantu abaya kuthi banyangeke, ze amashumi amathathu ekhulwini asutywe kukufa engekayiqoshelisi inkqubo yonyango lwesi sifo.
Sinyangwa Njani Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Izigulana zesifo sephepha esingeva machiza kuya kufuneka zisebenzisa ubuncinci iintlobo ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo zamachiza onyango, kuquka nenaliti encunstwa iinyanga de zibe ne iintsuku zibe ntlanu ngeveki. Ngeli xesha abantu abaninzi abaphila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza bangeniswa balaliswe ezibhedlele ukuze babe phantsi kweliso elikufutshane labongi kuqinisekiswe nokuba bayayithobela imithetho yonyango kusini na ze kuqwalaselwe nefuthe laloo machiza onyango.
Emva koko ke izigulana kuya kufuneka zithabathe ubuncinci iintlobo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zamachiza onyango kwesinye isithuba seenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukuya kwezilishumi elinesithandathu, iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki.
Ngokoe ke, unyango lwesi sifo lude kunolo "lwesifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo" (oluthabatha phakathi kweenyanga ezintandathu nezisibhozo), nolunokuqhubeka de ibe yiminyaka emibini. Eli xesha lide kangaka lonyango lenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba esi sifo asphindi sibuye emva konyango.
Kungathinteleka Njani Ukosuleleka Sisifo Sephepha (kuquka neso Singeva Machiza)?
Xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla, namphi na umntu ingakumbi abo baphila nesifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo okanye isifo sephepha esingeva machiza kufuneka agqume iimpumlo nomlomo wakhe ngetshefu ngeenjongo zokunqanda ukusasazwa kwegciwane ngumoya. Abantu abaphila nesi sifo kukwafuneka bangawenzi umkhwa wokutshicela nje emoyeni/emhlabeni. Kuyakhuthazwa ukuba kubekho umoya opholileyo owaneleyo kwikhaya ngalinye, abantu bayakhuthazwa ukuba bagcine zonke iifestile neengcango zivulekile. Ukuba kuyakwazeka, licuthe ixesha (oku ke kuquka nokulala kwigumbi elinye ebusuku) olichitha nabantu abaphila nesifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo kwanabo baphila neso singeva machiza okweli xesha amathe abo esenalo igciwane lesi sifo.
Ingaba Umntu Ophila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Angaqhubekeka Asebenze, yaye ke ukuba akunjalo, Angayifumana Inkam-nkam Yokukhubazeka?
Xa umntu ophila nesi sifo ewasebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo amachiza onyango naxa uvavanyo olwenziwa kudiza ukuba amathe akhe awasenalo igciwane lesifo sephepha esingeva machiza, umntu lowo angabuyela emsebenzini. Oku kuthabatha ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini zesiqhelo kwisifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo". Ugqirha nabongi besifo sephepha baya kubeka iliso elibukhali kwisigulana eso ze basazise eso sigulana xa sikulungele ukubuyela emsebenzini. Ukuba emva kovavanyo ugqirha ufumanise ukuba isigulana eso asikakulungeli ukubuyela emsebenzini, isigulana eso singasifaka isicelo senkam-nkam yokukhubazeka.
Ingaba Likho na Ikhonkco Eliqhagamshela Intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Ukosuleleka sisifo sepheka kukwaphakamisa amathuba okuhlaselwa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, kuquka nokuphakama kwezinga labantu ababulewe yintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Yiyo ke le nto kubaluleke kakhulu kangaka ukuba isifo sephepha esi sithintelwe ze/okanye zikhangelwe kuselithuba kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba nokuba umntu uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo isifo sephepha esi singanyangwa sinyangeke!
Ingaba umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye ophila noGawulayo angawasebenzisa na amachiza alwa nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza kwanalawo adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaxesha-nye?
Amachiza onyango lwezi zifo zingentla apha angasetyenziswa ngaxesha-nye. Kufuneka ke kodwa isigulana esiwasebenzisa ngaxesha-nye la machiza sibe phantsi kweliso elibukhali likagqirha onamava.
Kuthethwa Ntoni xa Kuthethwa "Ngogqabhuko" Lwesifo Sephepha-Esingeva Machiza?
Ngokwengcaciso, naluphi na ugqabhuko lwesifo xa kukuvela kweemeko ezininzi kunesiqhelo zokuhlaselwa kwabantu seso sifo. Ezi meko zokuhlaselwa kwabantu kufuneka zihlangane ze loo nto ithethe ukuba kugqabhuke uhlobo oluthile lwesifo, nto leyo ingafaniyo naxa abantu behlaselwa sisifo ngokuqhelekileyo.
Xa Kunokuthi Kubekho Ugqabhuko Lwesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza, Kungathintelwa Njani Ukusasazeka kwesi Sifo?
Xa kukrokreleka ukuba umntu ingingqi ethile ihlaselwe sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza, kuye kwenziwe uphando, nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba siyangena kuloo ngingqi sikhangele bonke abantu abanokuba bosulelekile phambi kokuba baye kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo. Oku ke kwenzelwa ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwesi sifo okunokuba wabo bantu bangekafunyaniswa ukuba sele bosulelekile. Kuye ke kwenziwe iimvavanyo zamathe kukhangelwa esi sifo sephepha ze kunikezelwe namachiza onyango afanelekileyo kwiimeko zobukho besi sifo eziqinisekisiweyo.
Kwangelo xesha ke, aba bantu baphila nesi sifo kufuneka besusiwe kuluntu olungekosuleleki de babe bawafumene amachiza onyango futhi abasenakosulela abanye.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11582.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ezi zifundo zizifundo eziphangaleleyo ezijoliswe ekuxhobiseni abathabathi-nxaxheba ngolwazi ukuze bayiqonde ngqo imiba ebandakanyekayo kumcimbi wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo/Izifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo Ngendlela Engakhuselekanga/Isifo Sephepha kwanendlela eyiyo yokuphatha abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwanabo bachatshazelwayo ngulo bhubhane.
Ithala Leencwadi le-ATTIC livulelekile kulunt yaye liqulethe ulwazi kuzo zonke iinkalo ezinento yokwenza nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo/izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo nesifo sephepha. Eli thala leencwadi ke liqulethe uluhlu olugqibeleleyo lwemifanekiso bhanya-bhanya, amaphepha-ndaba aphuma ngamaxesha athile, imihlathi, iincwadi ezinikezela ngoqeqesho, iimpepha eziqulethe uphando, iingxelo, izintlu, amaphetshana aneenkcukacha ezithile,...
I-ATICC le inikezela ngeentsilathi, amaphetshana anolwazi, iincwadana ezineenkcukacha kwakunye namaphepha eluntwini. Ezi mpepha ke zifumaneka simahla yaye zixhomekeke kwiinguqu nasekuebeni zisekho na.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11587.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
ISebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noKhenketho kwiNkqubo yeShishini lezoKhenketho (TEP) lithabatha inxaxheba kwisiseko soluhlu oluneenkcukacha zoshishino lwabamnyama ngokusebenzisana noKhenketho eMzantsi Afrika. Olu luhlu luneenkcukacha luya kuqinisekisa ukuba la mashishini kuyashishinwa ngawo, ukuba afumana amanyathelo afanelekileyo kulwakhiwo lwezikhundla kwakunye nokuba afumana amathuba afanelekileyo kurhulumente.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11591.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Isikhundla sonxibelelwano ngekhompyutha i-Cape of Great Events sidwelisa zonke iziganeko ezinkulu ezibalulekileyo nezenzekayo esixekweni. Ukuba wenza amalungiselelo esiganeko esithile, ungenza ukuba sifakwe kuluhlu kwesi sikhundla ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11594.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Yintoni izibonelelo zokutshintshwa kwemali yamazwe ngamazwe, Zingakanani izibonelelo zokutshintshwa kwemali yamazwe ngamazwe Ungongeza esinye isibonelelo..?
Ukuzama ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwecesina emthubi, abahambi abanqumla imida yamazwe apho icesina emthubi igqugqisa khona kufuneka besigonyelwe esi sifo. Siyintoni iSiqinisekiso seCesina eMthubi Ingaba ukhona umntu ongenakuba nayo uCesina eMthubi, wenzeka ntoni xa ungenaso esi siqinisekiso Iingingqi zeCesina eMthubiSIYINTONI ISIQINISEKISO SOKUGONYELWA ICESINA..?
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika yaye uhambela elinye ilizwe, kuza kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe. Imiqathango yokungena uMzantsi Afrika, Ngubani ekufuneka efake isicelo sephetshana londwendwela okwexeshana Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana Ukugaleleka eMzantsi Afrika,..?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11598.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ukuba ukhubazekile, ungasifaka isicelo secwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo kumaspala wakho. Eli cwecwe ke likuvumela ukuba upake kwiindawo zokupaka ezibekelwe bucala abaqhubi abakhubazekileyo yaye liyakukhupha wena kwimiqathango ethile yokupaka ngamaxesha athile.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11601.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Iwebsite yeCapeMetrorail izisa iinkcukacha ezihlaziyiweyo za-maxesha okuhamba koololiwe, iintlawulo kunye neendlela azihambayo.
ISebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu kaRhulumente wePhondo lilo elijongene noxanduva loshishino lwemini-bus kweli phondo.
UGolden Arrow kungoku nje ubonelela ngeenkonzo zeebhasi. Ezi zivumelwano sele zikho kuya kungena izivumelwano zabasebenzi be-SMME ukuxhobisa nokudala amathuba omsebenzi. Amaxesha okuhamba kweebhasi angafumaneka ngeemail okanye kwiwebsite ethi, Golden Arrow website.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11602.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
The municipality is responsible for controlling traffic and parking in the area.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.11604.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
UMaspala waseKapa waseka iNkonzo yeZothutho loLuntu elungiselelwe izithulu. Oku kujika abantu ananengxaki yokungeva kakuhle ngeendlebe ukuba bafumane iinkcukacha malunga nezothutho, umzekelo: amaxesha okuhamba kweebhasi, iindlela ezihamba ngazo kwakunye nezikhululo eziya kuzo, oko bekufumana ngokutsalela kwiminxeba yakwaTelkom kusetyenziswa isixhobo esincedisa ukumamela ekuthiwa yiTeldem. Ezi nkcukacha zifumaneka...
<fn>GOV-ZA.116288.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.116508.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibutho eceba ukufaka izicelo zokuxhaswa ngezimali kwiSebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko kufuneka ifundisise ngononophelo le migaqo yokucela inkxaso-mali. Qulunqani isicwangciso senu asokunikezela iinkonzo ngokwale miyalelo ze ningenise isicwangciso esityikityiweyo kwi-Ofisi Yesithili ejongana noko futhi sibe sesingenile ngomhla wama-31 kwinyanga yoMqungu ka-2006. QWALASELANI KE: Kubalulekile ukuba iinkcukacha ezikwiincwadi zezikhokelo zilandelwe kuhle.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11657.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eyona njongo iphambili yolu phando kukukhangela izixhobo zolawulo nenkxaso esekela izigqibo ezifanelekileyo nekulula ukuzisebenzisa eNtshona Koloni ukunceda uLawulo lwePhondo eli ukuba liqalise ukusebenzisa uhlolo kwimingcipheko nengozi kwanokusungua inkqubo efanelekileyo yothintelo lwentlekele kwanokunciphisa izicwangciso-qhinga kwiPhondo.
Ukwenza kubekho iimephu ekulula ukuyisebenzisa kwiindawo zendalo nezinobungozi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.116633.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ke ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabanini-mihlaba abaqeshisa ngezakhiwo ukuze kuhlale abanye abantu.
Ingaba kufuneka ndityikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala nomntu oqeshe umhlaba wam ukuze ahlale?
Zeziphi iinkcukacha ekufuneka zibekho kwisivumelwano sokuqeshisa ngendawo yokuhlala?
Ndingayijonga njani imvelaphi yomntu ofake isicelo sokuhlala endaweni yam?
Ingaba kufuneka ndifune idipozithi?
Zeziphi izilungiso ekufuneka ezenzile umhlali lo?
Ndingayenyusa na irente phakathi kwixesha lesivumelwano sokuhlala?
Ndingayenyusa ngamalini irente xa ndihlaziya isivumelwano sokuhlala?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshise kwindawo yam engayihlawuli ngexesha irente?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshileyo esithi uyihlawule irente kodwa ndibe mna ndingekayifumani?
Ingaba ndingayithimba impahla yomqeshi ukuba usemva ngerente?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala salo mntu ndimqeshisileyo siphele kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo. Ingaba kufuneka ndimazise kwisithuba sexesha elingakanani, xa ndifuna aphume?
Ndingamkhupha njani umntu oqeshe endaweni yam?
Ingaba ndingayifaka impahla ngaphandle kwemvume yomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ingaba ndingazitshintsha izitshixo ze nditshixele umntu oqeshe kum ngaphandle?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa abamelwane bekhalaza ngomntu oqeshe indawo yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa ndirhanela ukuba umntu oqeshe kum ubandakanyeka kwiintyshukumo ezingekho mthethweni endaweni yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshe kum eyonakalisile indawo yam?
Yeyiphi imithetho elawula izivumelwano zokuqeshisa?
Ngubani onokundinceda xa ndinengxaki nomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo kwiNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Isivumelwano esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela njengeso sibhalwe phantsi, kodwa ke ukuba umqeshi lowo unyanzelisa ekubeni nenze isivuelwano esibhalwe phantsi, kufuneka ukuthobele oko. Kungcono ke ngoko, kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale isivumelwano senu ukuze nithi thaca imigaqo nemiqathango enivumelene ngayo. Oku ke kuya kunceda kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuthi zibe nokuvela ekuhambeni kwexesha, xa ungavani nalo mntu uqeshe kule ndawo yakho.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomntu oqeshileyo umzekelo, ngubani omele ukulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, umbane kwakunye namatyala ezibonelelo Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umqeshi lo uhlawula zonke iintlawulo zezinto neenkonzo azifuneyo wazisebenzisa, ezifana namanzi nombane, ze umnini-mhlaba yena ahlawule zonke iintlawulo ezinento yokwenza nesakhiwo eso, ezifana ke nezibonelelo?
Imiqathango umqeshi okanye wena onokunikezela phantsi kwayo isaziso sokurhoxa kwisibhambathiso eso (umzekelo, ukuba kukho izinto ezithile ezithe azalungiswa, okanye ukuba umqeshi lowo usemva ekuhlawuleni irente).
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo - etyikitywe ngumqeshi lowo nomnini-mhlaba, kufuneka incanyathiselwe kwisivumelwano eso.
Kufuneka kudweliswe uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo xa umqeshi nomnini-mhlaba behlola-hlola phambi kokuba umqeshi lo angene ahlale kwesi sakhiwo. Olu luhlu ke kufuneka lutyikitywe nguwe nomqeshi lowo ze luncanyaqthiselwe kwisivumelwano eso sokuhlala.
Thetha nomnini-sakhiwo umntu lowo ufuna ukuqesha kuwe asaqeshe kuye ukuze ufumane iindlela zakhe zokuhlawula nokuziphatha. Ikwangumbono omhle ukuthetha nabanini-mihlaba bal mqeshwa bangaphambili, kuba umnini-mhlaba asahlala kuye lo mntu esenokuthetha kakuhle ngaye kuba efuna nje indlela yokumsusda kwindawo yakhe, ze futhi ufumane nencwadana yembalelwano esuka kumqeshi womntu lowo unomdla wokuqesha kuwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqeshwe isigxina apho nokuba wamkela malini na.
Usenakho kanti nokumkhangela loo mntu kwiziko eligcina iinkcukacha ngeendlela zokuhlwula zabantu (tsalela iTransUnion ITC kule nombolo yomnxeba 0861 482 482 okanye ke utyelele le website www.transunionitc.co.za).
Ewe, kulungile oko ukuze uyifake loo dipozithi kweso sivumelwano. Ukhumbule ke kodwa ukuba le dipozithi kufuneka ifakwe kwi-account eza kuza nenzala ngalo lonke ixesha lesi sivumelwano sokuhlala kwaloo mqeshi kweso sakhiwo ze inikezelwe kumnini-yo nenzala yayo, ekuphumeni komqeshi kwisakhiwo eso.
Ukuba ke, umqeshi lo uphume kwisakhiwo sakho esakubamba imali, okanye ukuba uyonakalisile indawo leyo yakho ngendlela embi kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa le dipozithi ekulungiseni loo monakalo nasekuzihlawuleni loo mali asakubamba yona.
Khawujonge apha YINTONI ENDINOKUYENZA UKUBA UMQESHI UYONAKALISILE INDAWO YAM ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngedipozithi?
Oko kuxhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umnini-mhlaba ulungisa umphandle wesakhiwo ze umqeshi yena alungise umphakathi.
Hayi akunakho ngaphandle kokuba isivumelwano sokuhlala sikhankanya ukuba ungakwenza oko. Ukuba uyafuna, ungafaka icandelwana kwisivumelwano sokuqala apho udwelisa imiqathango enokukuvumela ukuba wenyuse irente (umzekelo, ukuba ziyenyuka izibonelelo).
Loo nto kaloku ixhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ukuba isivumelwano senu asichazi sixa sithile ekonyusweni kwerente, kuya kufuneka uthetha-theathane ze uvane ngeso sixa naloo mntu uqeshileyo..
Ngokuphandle, umqeshi lo uwophule isivumelwano senu. Buya ke uphinde ujonge icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso (okanye ke ukuba isivumelwano eso besenziwe ngomlomo, ujonge imiqathango ebekuvunyelwene ngayo ekwaphulweni kwesi sivumelwano) ze wenze okufanelekileyo.
Ukuba aninaso isiumelwano sokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso, kuyinto elungileyo ukubhalela loo mqeshi incwandi yembalelwano apho umnika iintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuba ahlawule, ekuya kuthi ukuba akakwazi urhoxise isivumelwano eso sokuhlala kwakhe.
Kuluxanduva lomntu oqeshe endaweni yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyayifumana irente, ngoko ke loo mqeshi kuya kufuneka akubonise ubungqina bokuba uyenzile intlawulo (umzekelo, iphetshana elibubungqina bokuba uhlawule ebhankini). Ukuba umqeshi lowo akakwazi kuyenza loo nto, ungamnima isaziso ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano senu ze ucele nomyalelo wenkundla oza kumnyanzelisa ukuyba aphume aphele apho.
Ukuba ukholisekile ukuba ngokwenene intlawulo yenziwe, ubophelelekile ke ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iRental Housing Act (Act 50 ka-1999) ukuba unike umqeshi lowo iphetshana elibubungqina bokuba ngokwenene uhlawule.
Ixesha ehlawulelwa lona le mali (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwa yona le rente).
Kuya kufuneka ufumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. uMthunywa weNkundla uya kuthi athimbe impahla yalo mntu uqeshileyo ajonge ukuba ingafumaneka na imali asakubamba yona umntu lo. Ukuba uthi uthimbe impahla yomqeshi lo ngaphandle kokufumana umyalelo wenkundla, bubusela obo.
Khangela isivumelwano sokuhalala owasenza ngaphambili ukuba asinalo na icandelo icandelo elikhankanya ixesha lesaziso ekufuneka ulinikezele kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba alikho elo candela, loo nto ithetha ukuba nobabini, ngenxa yeentshukumo zenu, nithe nasihlaziya isivumelwano somqeshi lowo sokuhlala sangaphambili, kwangemigaqo nemiqathango ekwafanayo, ixesha elikwafanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka usebenzise icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi s ivumelwano, ukuba likho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle kwecandelo elikuvumela ukuba waphule esi sivumelwano, eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano iya kuba kukunika umqeshi lowo wakho isaziso sesithuba senyanga, ngembalelwano, ngaphambi kokuphela kwesivumelwano eso. (Ngoko ke ukuba benisele nisondele ekupheleni kwesivumelwano sokuhlala seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekuya kufuneka umazisile umqeshi wakho, gembalelwano, ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye).
Akunakuze ukwaqzi ukumkhupha ngokwakho umntu oqeshe kwindawo yakho, Kuya kufuneka ufumane myalelo wenkundla kuqala ukuze ube nokukwazi ukukhuphela ngaphandle umqeshi lowo ukuthi uthi aphule imiqathango nemigaqo yesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakhe kumhlaba wakho.
Ukuze ufumanise ukuba umqeshi wakho waphule imigaqo yokuhlala kwakhe, jonga isivumelwano senu. Kumele ukubakho apho icandelo elicacisa ngokwaphulwa kwezigqibo zesivumelwano sokuhlala (umzekelo, ukungahlawuli irente kwangexesha) nokuba aya kuba yintoni na amalungelo akho wena kwimeko enjalo (ngamanye amazwi ke, phelisa esi sivumelwano ngaphandle kokuohinda umazise umqeshi lo).
Ukuba ngokwenene umqeshi lowo wakho uzaphule izigqibo zokuhlala kwakhe apho, thabatha amanyathelo aqatha nazaakubonisa kakuhle umqeshi lowo ukuba ngokwenene ukwenzile oko. Ukuba oku akusebenzi, bhenela emthethweni - faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke ucele iingcebiso zegqwetha eliwayo lo mcimbi.
Unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo ze uhlola-hlole njalo-njalo, kodwa kuphela emva kokuba wenze amalungiselelo okwenza oko ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwakunye nesaziso esifanelekileyo. Umntu lowo usahlala kule ndawo yakho akanalo ilungelo lokukwalela ukuba ungene endaweni yakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Hayi. Oko kukhuphela ngaphandle akukho mthethweni. Ukuba utshintsha izitshixo, kufuneka unike umntu lowo usahlala apho izitshixo ezitsha.
Khangela ukuba indlela aziphethe ngayo umntu oqeshe kuwe iyakhabana na nemigaqo yeso sakhiwo. Ukuba kunjalo, ungakwazi ukuwophula umqathango wokuqhawulwa kwesibhambathiso ze unike nomqeshi ixeshana lesaziso. Gcina zonke izikhalazo ngalo mqeshi ephepheni kwanezinto othe wena wazenza njengobunqina.
Nikezela ingxelo ngezinto ozirhanelayo kwicandelo Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika. Ikwangumbono omhle ukufaka icandelo elithi akuvumelekanga ukuba azivumelekanga iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho kweso sakhiwo, nto leyo iya kukunika amagunya okurhoxisa esi sivumelwano ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba ubufune idipozithi, ungayisebenzisa loo mali ekulungiseni izinto ezithe zonakaliswa kakhulu ngumntu owo ebehlala apho xa ephuma.
Xa engena umntu oze kuhlala kule ndawo yakho, hlola-hlolan le ndwo kunye ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na izinto ezingemanga ngendlela - kufuneka nilutyikitye nobabini olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luncanyathiselwe kwesi sivumelwano sokuhlala.
Xa umntu lowo ephuma kule ndawo, yihlola-hloleni nobabini kwakhona le ndawo, kuya kube kulunge kakhulu xa nikwenza oku kwiintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhamba kwaloo mntu. Thelekisani uluhlu olutsha lwezinto ezonakeleyo nolo nanilwenze ngaphambili.
Ungamnika umntu usahlala apho ithuba lokulungisa ezo zinto ngokwakhe, okanye ke ungavuma ekubeni uza kuzenza ngokwakho. Gcina ke iziqinisekiso zazo zonke iindleko zokulungisa kwakho ezo ziphene ngale dipozithi. Lo mntu wenze iziphene ngedipozithi yakhe unelungelo lokuzibona ezo ziqinisekiso.
Ukuba ezo zilungiso zibize ngapantsi kwesixa sedipozithi nenzala yayo, kuya kufuneka ubuyisele loo mntu ubeqeshe apho imali eseleyo.
Qhagamshelana neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo ukuba uneengxaki.
kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isicelo elikule website ze usithumele ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ke uyithumele ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuhlala kwindwo eqeshisayo kwakunye nemeko yokuhlawula irente yahlukile. Ukuba udinga uncedo ekulawuleni umntu oqeshe endaweni yakho, qhagamshelana neNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni okanye ke igqwetha elinolwazi ngoku likunike iingcebiso.
Le ofisi ke isebenza ukususela ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni ukuya ngentsimbi yesine malanga, ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11678.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
UMphathiswa wePhondo noRhulumente weeNgingqi wasungula iNgxowa-mali yoPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho kwiNgingqi (Locala Economic Development Fund -LEDF) ngo-Agasti ngo-1999.
Le ngxowa mali yeza nenkxaso-mali, ebalelwa kwi-R1,5 yezigidi owona mlinganiselo uphezulu, koomasipala ukuze baqhube iiprojekthi eziya kudala amathuba omsebenzi kwaye isisixhobo sokudambisa intlupheko. Le ngxowa-mali ithathwa njengesixhobo esiphambili sokunceda oomasipala ekujonganeni nemingeni yophuhliso lorhulumente wengingqi.
Umbono wale ngxowa-mali kukunika inkxaso kumahlakani anobuchule bokuziyilela ngokwawo kwanokunika amandla okwenza uqoqosho oluluqilima noluzinzileyo lwesizwe nolusekwe kwiinzame ezenziwayo ndawonye neendlela ezahlukeneyo kuqoqosho lweli.
Ingxowa-mali yoPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho inika ulawulo lwentsebenziswano ithuba elifanelekileyo. Oomasipala badlala indima ephambili kulawulo nasekuqhutyweni kweeprojekthi, xeshikweni icandelo lolawulo lwephondo linceda ekubekeni iliso kwiprojekthi nasekuyihloleni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11678.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le ngxowa mali yeza nenkxaso-mali, ebalelwa kwi-R1,5 yezigidi owona mlinganiselo uphezulu, koomasipala ukuze baqhube iiprojekthi eziya kudala amathuba omsebenzi kwaye isisixhobo sokudambisa intlupheko. Le ngxowa-mali ithathwa njengesixhobo esiphambili sokunceda oomasipala ekujonganeni nemingeni yophuhliso lorhulumente wengingqi.
Umbono wale ngxowa-mali kukunika inkxaso kumahlakani anobuchule bokuziyilela ngokwawo kwanokunika amandla okwenza uqoqosho oluluqilima noluzinzileyo lwesizwe nolusekwe kwiinzame ezenziwayo ndawonye neendlela ezahlukeneyo kuqoqosho lweli.
Ingxowa-mali yoPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho inika ulawulo lwentsebenziswano ithuba elifanelekileyo. Oomasipala badlala indima ephambili kulawulo nasekuqhutyweni kweeprojekthi, xeshikweni icandelo lolawulo lwephondo linceda ekubekeni iliso kwiprojekthi nasekuyihloleni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11688.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkqubo yinkqubo entlantlu-mbini. Kwelinye icala ijonge ukuzisa iinkonzo ezingundoqo ubuncinane kubantu abamivuzo iphantsi.
ekusetyenzisweni nasekuxhotyisweni kwamashishini ngokolungelelaniso.
Eyona miba iphambili yale nkqubo kukunika oomasipala inkxaso-mali ukunciphisa ukuhamba kade komsebenzi, oko kusenziwa ngokwezibonelelo zeenkonzo okungenani izinto ezingundoqo eziphambili kwizibonelelo zeenkonzo kubantu abafumana imivuzo ephantsi kwisithuba seminyaka eli-10.
hdupless@pgwc.gov.zaQaphela: Le nkonzo ifumaneka kooMasipala beNtshona Koloni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11688.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkqubo yinkqubo entlantlu-mbini. Kwelinye icala ijonge ukuzisa iinkonzo ezingundoqo ubuncinane kubantu abamivuzo iphantsi.
abasetyhini ulutsha abakhubazekileyo.
Eyona miba iphambili yale nkqubo kukunika oomasipala inkxaso-mali ukunciphisa ukuhamba kade komsebenzi, oko kusenziwa ngokwezibonelelo zeenkonzo okungenani izinto ezingundoqo eziphambili kwizibonelelo zeenkonzo kubantu abafumana imivuzo ephantsi kwisithuba seminyaka eli-10.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11697.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMlawuli woPhuhliso loRhulumente weeNgingqi onceda oomasipala ekwenzeni ulungiselelo namacebo okulwa imililo.
Ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ukuba semngciphekweni wentlekele.
Ukudambisa ubukhali okanye iziphumo zentlekele.
Ukulungiselela izinto ezingxamisekileyo.
Ukusabela msinya nangokufanelekileyo kwizihlo zentlekele.
Ukunceda ezkubuyiseleni kwimo yesiqhelo emva kwentlekele.
Disaster Management Act, 57 of 2002 (UMthetho) (File type: pdf; size: 2.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11697.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMlawuli woPhuhliso loRhulumente weeNgingqi onceda oomasipala ekwenzeni ulungiselelo namacebo okulwa imililo.
Ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ukuba semngciphekweni wentlekele.
Ukudambisa ubukhali okanye iziphumo zentlekele.
Ukulungiselela izinto ezingxamisekileyo.
Ukusabela msinya nangokufanelekileyo kwizihlo zentlekele.
Ukunceda ezkubuyiseleni kwimo yesiqhelo emva kwentlekele.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11700.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
UMphathiswa lo unoxanduva olumalunga nomgaqo-nkqubo wezemfundo, wokuphumeza umgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe nowephondo wemfundo, oko kusenziwa ngokomsebenzi weSebe leMfundo leNtshona Koloni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11752.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Candelo loMphathiswa linoxanduva lokuphuhlisa umgaqo-nkqubo wezentlalo nodambiso lwentlupheko, kwanokuphumeza umgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe nowephondo ojongene nophuhliso lodambiso lwendlala ngokwenziwa komsebenzi weSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo noDambiso lweNtlupheko.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11775.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eyona mibuzo ibuzwa kakhulu ngabazali ngemfundo yabantwana babo abasezikolweni - Umthetho iSouth African Schools Act ka-1996 unyanzelisa ukuba bonke abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka esixhene nelishumi elinesihlanu ubudala ukuba bahambe isikolo. Abazali nabantu abajongene nabantwana abakule minyaka yobudala kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba aba bantwana babhaliselwe ukungena esikolweni. Njengomzali, ubudlelwane bakho nesikolo buqala ngosuku oqala ukufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba uthumele umntwana wakho kweso sikolo. Obu budlelwane buchazwa yintlaninge yamalungelo noxanduva lwalo mzali kwesi sikolo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.11775.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eyona mibuzo ibuzwa kakhulu ngabazali ngemfundo yabantwana babo abasezikolweni - Umthetho iSouth African Schools Act ka-1996 unyanzelisa ukuba bonke abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka esixhene nelishumi elinesihlanu ubudala ukuba bahambe isikolo. Abazali nabantu abajongene nabantwana abakule minyaka yobudala kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba aba bantwana babhaliselwe ukungena esikolweni. Njengomzali, ubudlelwane bakho nesikolo buqala ngosuku oqala ukufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba uthumele umntwana wakho kweso sikolo. Obu budlelwane buchazwa yintlaninge yamalungelo noxanduva lwalo mzali kwesi sikolo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.11807.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngokucacileyo, imbeko iyimfuneko ukuze isikolo sisebenze kakuhle. Intswela-mbeko ayiphazamisi nje kuphela ukufundisa nokufunda koko ikwabeka nabafundi nootitshala emngciphekweni.
Iqumrhu lolawulo lwesikolo ngalinye kufuneka lihlangane nootitshala, abazali nabafundi ukuze kuyilwe imigaqo elawula indlela yokuziphatha kwabafundi.
iintlobo zokungaziphathi kakuhle eziya kohlwayelwa.
iintlobo zezohlwayo eziya kunikezelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokungaziphathi kakuhle.
inkqubo eya kulandelwa sisikolo ekohlwayeni umfundi.
iinkqubo zezikhalazo ezisuka kubazali nakubafundi ukuba bafuna ukufaka isikhalazo ngomnye wabafundi okanye ngesikolo.
Ukohlwaya ngokubetha, umzekelo: ukubetha ngoswazi, kwapheliswa ezikolweni, yaye nabani na ofunyaniswe esakwenza oku uya kubekwa ityala lokuhlasela.
Ukuncedana nootitshala ngokubavezela ezinye iindlela zokohlwaya abantwana, iSebe Lesizwe Lezemfundo likhuphe uxwebhu olungokuveza Ezinye Iindlela Zokohlwaya Ngaphandle Kokubetha.
Abazali abafumanisa ukuba kusabethwa kwisikolo esithile kufuneka bahlangane nenqununu ze emva koko bahlangane noMphathi waloo Ngingqi Kwezemfundo, ekunokuqhagamshelwana naye ngokuthi kusetyenziswe eyona EMDC ikufutshane. Abafundi abafuna ukufaka ingxelo ngokohlwaywa ngokubethwa bengathanga bazixela amagama abo bangaqhagamshelana neziko elamkela iminxeba lezikolo ezikhuselekileyo kule nombolo yalo ingahlawulelwayo:0800 45 46 47.
Imimiselo elawula amatyala amakhulu okungaziphathi kakuhle ithiwe thaca kwiNcwadi Yemithetho kaRhulumente wePhondo iExtraordinary 5190 eyaqala ukusebenza ngomhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yeDwarha ngonyaka ka-1997. Le mimiselo ikhankanya iintlobo zokungaziphathi kakuhle ezichazwa njengenkulu (ukufunyanwa okanye ukusetyenziswa kotywala neziyobisi, ukuhlasela, ubusela, ukuziphatha ngokungenazintloni, ukungazimasi isikolo kwakunye nendlela yokuziphatha ehlaza isikolo eso). Uluhlu lweendlela zokungaziphathi kakuhle lunikezelwe kuxwebhu olweza neSebe Lezemfundo elithi Ezinye Iindlela Zokohlwaya Ngaphandle Kokubetha.
Iqumrhu elilawula isikolo lingamnqumamisa umfundi ixesha eliya kuma kwiveki ngomkhwa ombi kakhulu wokungaziphathi kakuhle. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuchotshelwa kumanyelwe eli tyala ngokwemigaqo yemimiselo, oko ke kukuthi abazali nomfundi lowo kufuneka baxelelwe ukuba ityala eli liya kuchotshelwa nini futhi phi na, banikwe iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngetyala/ngamatyala abekwa wona umfundi, banikwe ithuba lokuzithethela, futhi banakho nokufumana umntu onokubamela, mhlawumbi igqwetha.
Ukuba iqumrhu elilawula isikolo eso lifumanise ukuba ityala eli likhulu ngokwaneleyo, linokudlulisela kwiNtloko yePhondo kwiSebe lezeMfundo iziphakamiso zokuba amgxothe umfundi lowo. INtloko Yezemfundo le kufuneka ithabathe isigqibo ngale nyewe kwiintsuku nje ezilishumi elinesine, ngelo xesha ke umfundi lo uya kube engavunyelwa ukuba azimase izifundo kwisikolo eso.
Ukuba umfundi uthe wagxothwa, yena (kunye okanye abazali bakhe) bangafaka isibheno kumphathiswa wePhondo Kwezemfundo.
Ukuba umfundi othe wagxothwa ukwiminyaka yobudala apho asanyenzeleke ukuba abe usesesikolweni, iNtloko Yezemfundo kufuneka yenze amalungiselelo okumfaka kwesinye isikolo sikarhulumente.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.12107.services.11460.9509.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ngexesha likaxakeka elifuna impendulo yamapolisa, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo: 10111. Ngexesha likaxakeka elifuna inqwelo yezigulana, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo: 10177. Kwezi nombolo zombini, kufuneka ukwazi ukuchaza ukuba uphi na kwaye kutheni na ufuna impendulo engxamisekileyo. Zombini ezi nombolo zitsalelwa simahla.
Kummandla wolawulo lwenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, ungatsalela kule nombolo: 107 (simahla xa utsalela kumnxeba wasekhayeni okanye komnye weminxeba kawonke-wonke) NGALO NALIPHI NA ixesha likaxakeka okanye lentlekele. Kufuneka uchaze ukuba yintoni na ingxaki (ngumlilo, ukuhlangulwa entabeni, ingozi kwizithuthi, ulwaphulo-mthetho, njalo-njalo.), umntu okuncedayo uya kuqinisekisa ukuba impendulo echanekileyo kweli xesha lale ngxaki iya kunceda. Kufuneka kwakhona ukwazi ukuchaza ukuba iphi na le ngxaki.
Ukutsalela inombolo u-107 kumnxeba wesandla akusayi kusebenza. Ukutsalela inombolo yexesha likaxakeka yaseKapa enye kumnxeba wesandla, tsalela kule nombolo: 021 480 7700. Oku kuya kukudla intlawulo eqhelekileyo yomnxeba wesandla.
Kodwa ke, ukuba utsalela umnxeba kumnxeba wesandla, ungatsalela u-112 kwaye uya kudityaniswa neziko lenkampani yakho yoqhagamshelwano ngexesha likaxakeka. Umnxeba oya ku-112 kumnxeba wesandla awuhlawulelwa kwaye uyakwazi ukuyitsalela nakumnxeba wesandla ongenamali yakwenza mnxeba (oku kungenzeka naxa ungenalo ikhadi iSIM). Iminxeba yexesha likaxakeka kujongwana nayo kuqala kwaye xa olu thungelwano luxakekile, eminye iminxeba engenayo iya kubekwa phantsi ukuze kuthathwe lo wakho ungxamisekileyo. Olu thungelwano kufuneka, ngokwamaphepha-mvume alo, lunikezele ezi ngxelo kwiinkonzo ezintlanu zexesha likaxakeka (umlilo, inqwelo-mafutha yezigulana, amapolisa, ukuhlangulwa elwandle kwanakwizithuthi).
Uthungelwano ngomnxeba wesandla nalo luneenkonzo ezizodwa ezahlukeneyo zexesha likaxakeka onokuthi uzitsalele ukongeza ku-112 okanye njengengxenye yokutsalela u-112. Buza kwiziko lakho lothungelwano (uCell C, uMTN okanye uVodacom) ukuze wazi ukuba zithini na ezi nombolo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba nangona iminxeba engenayo kolu thungelwano ingahlawulelwa, kuya kufuneka uhlawulele naluphi na unyango okanye iinkonzo ezizezinye ezithe zanikezelwa ziinkampani zabucala ezithungelana nothungelwano onokuthi ulusebenzise.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.12107.services.11498.21887.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSixeko saseKapa sinikezela ngenombolo enye yeenkonzo ezingxamisekileyo engahlawulelwayo kubantu abahlala kule ngingqi.
ukuba utsala umnxeba uphi na wena ukuba ithini na inombolo yakho yomnxeba ukuba ngubani na umnini-mnxeba owusebenzisayo ukuba ukweyiphi na ingingqi yokunikezelwa kweenkonzo.
Umntu ophendula loo mnxeba wakho uya kuba nakho ukwazi ingxingwa okuyo ze ke athumele umnxeba lowo, ndawonye ke neenkcukacha athe wazihlanganisa, kwicandelo elifanelekileyo leenkonzo zamapolisa, ezokucinywa kwemililo nezezithuthi zezigulana.
Iziko elinikezela loo nkonzo uyidingayo liya kuyazi ngqo ingxingwa okuyo ze ke lithumele uncedo olufanelekileyo.
Abahlali beSixeko saseKapa bangatsalela le nombolo 107 xa bekwimeko edinga uncedo olungxamisekileyo besebenzisa umnxeba wendlu okanye le 021 480 7700 xa besebenzisa umnxeba wesinqe.
Kulungele ukunikezela iinkcukacha ngale ngxingwa.
Musa ukuwubeka phantsi umnxeba de kutshiwo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12107.services.11602.122924.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ndingafumanisa ukuba ndinesohlwayo sendlela endingekasihlawuli?
Zeziphi ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zezohlwayo zendlela?
Ndingawujonga ndiwuqinisekise phi umfanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya?
Ndingasihlawula njani isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Ndingasihlawula na isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela kumatshini webhanki?
Ndingasihlawula emva kwexesha elingakanani isohlwayo sam sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingasihlawuli isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Tsalela iCandelo Lemibuzo Ngemiba Yendlela 'ngexesha lomsebenzi (ukusukela ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu, ngesibhozo ekuseni ukuya kutsho ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesithathu malanga) kule nombolo. Ukuba ungathanda ukufumana iphepha elichaza konke ngesohlwayo sakho. Kuya kufuneka uziyele ngokwakho kweli sebe lezendlela.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba isebe lezendlela likuthumela izohlwayo zeziphoso zendlela kwidilesi yakho endala, nceda uthumele idilesi yakho entsha ngefeksi (eyokuhlala neyeposi) , ndawonye nencwadana yakho yesazisi kwiCandelo Lokubhaliswa Kwezithuthi kule nombolo 419 1676. Yibhalise ngeSebe Lonxibelelwano. Tsalela iCandelo Lokubhaliswa Kwezithuthi kule nombolo yomnxeba 400 4900 nangaziphi na iinkcukacha onokuzifuna ngalo mba.
Umyalelo Okunyanzelisa Ukuba Uvele Ngokukhawuleza Enkundleni ukhutshwa xa igosa lendlela ekhuphela umqhubi-sithuthi ecaleni kwendlela ukuze amnike itikiti elinesohlwayo ngenxa yezi ziphoso zilandelayo: isiphoso asenze ngelixa aqhubayo (umzekelo, ukuqhuba ngesantya esingamkelekanga okanye okanye ukudlula izibane zendlela zimvalele), isiphene esikwisithuthi sakho (umzekelo, isibane sangemva esophukileyo/esingasebenziyo), iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi eliphelelweyo okanye ukuqhuba isithuthi ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba.
A iTikiti leCandelo 341 likhutshwa xa umqhubi-sithuthi ebanjwe yikhamera esaphula umthetho wendlela (umzekelo, xa eqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu ngendlela engamkelekanga) okanye xa igosa elo lendlela likhupha eli tikiti engekho umqhubi lowo esithuthini (eli ke litiki elimbala upinki elinikezelwa xa umqhuni ethe wapaka ngokungekho mthethweni, efunywenwe enecwecwe lephepha-mvume lokuqhuba eliphelelweyo, njalo-njalo).
Inombolo yomfanekiso lowo, obonakala kwitikiti olithunyelweyo.
Ngenxa yobuzaza bobuqhetseba nobusela kwicandelo leeposi, ayikhuthazwa tu into yokuba umntu athumele imali eziinkozo ngeposi.
Ukuba unomnqweno wokuhlawula ngosuku lokugqibela lokuhlawula okanye emva kolu suku,, ungakwenza oku ngokuthi uhlawule imali eziinkozo okanye ngetsheki eqinisekiswe yibhanki kwinkundla ekhankanywe kwelo tikiti (fumana ke idilesi kwesi sikhundla sineeNkundla zooMaspala). Kuya kufuneka uye ngokwakhe xa uhlawula esi sohlwayo, kwishumi elinesine leentsuku emva kosuku lokugqibela lokuhlawula. Ngolu suku lweshumi elinesine ke, ityala lakho liya kuchotshelwa enkundleni.
Ukuba akunamnqweno wakulihlawula eli tyala, kuya kufuneka uye kuvela enkundleni, ngokwakho, ngosuku obekelwe ukuvela ngalo enkundleni ngeenjongo zokuya kuzithethelela. Ukuba akuyi kuzithethelela, inkundla iya kukhupha isigunyaziso kokubanjwa kwakho uvalelwe kwesimnyama.
Kuxhyomekeka ekubeni ufumene oluphi na uhlobo lwesohlwayo, Isigunyaziso Sokuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokungxamisekileyo okanye iTikiti leCandelo le-341, unesithuba esiphakathi kwamashumi amathathu eentsuku neenyanga ezine sokuhlawula itikiti lakho lesiphoso sendlela.
Isigunyaziso Sokuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokungxamisekileyo linosuku oza kuvela ngalo enkundleni yaye uneentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuhlawula ukususela kusuku elikhutshwe ngalo eli tikiti, ukwenze oko kwisebe lezendlela elikhankanywe kwitikiti kwisigunyaziso eso. Ukuba uthi ulihlawule eli tikiti ngosuku omele ukuvela ngalo enkundleni, kuya kufuneka ukwenze ngokwakho oko enkundleni.
Ukuba uthi ufumane iTikiti leCandelo le-341, uneentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokuba isebe lezendlela likhuphe "iSaiziso Esiphambi Kwesigunyaziso Sokuvela Enkundleni", oya kuthi emva kokukhutshwa kwaso ube nezinye iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokukhutshwa kwalo myalelo ukugunyazisa ukuba uye kuvela enkundleni.
Emva kokukhutshwa komyalelo wokuvela enkundleni, unezinye iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuhlawula itikiti lakho kwiSebe Lezendlela elikhankanywe apho. Emva kokudlula kwala mashumi amathathu eentsuku, unelinye ishumi elinesine leentsuku oliphiwayo lokuba uhlawule eli tikiti kwinkundla ekhanknywe kuloo myalelo.
Ngoko ke lilonke, unamalunga neenyanga ezine zokuba uhlawule isohlwayo sakho emva kokufumana itikiti leCandelo le-341.
Ukuba unomnqweno wokufaka isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sendlela osinikiweyo, thumela incwadi ecacisa izizathu zakho, ndawonye nekopi yeso sohlwayo sakho, kwiSebe Lezendlela laseGallows Hill. Usenakho kanti nokuzithumela ngefeksi ezi nkcukacha kule nombolo: 021 421 6607. Uya kuthi ufumane incwadi ke ekwazisa ngokuba eli sebe liyifumene incwadi yakho kwisithuba esimalunga neenyanga ezintathu emva koko.
uMlawuli Wemicimbi Yendlela Yendlela uya kuthi akuthumele le ncwadi yakho kwinkundla efanelekileyo. uMtshutshisi Woluntu okuloo nkundla uya kuthi asiqwalasele esi sohlwayo, nto leyo ithabatha ubuninzi iintsuku ezimbini, ze emva koko athumele isigqibo sakhe kuMlawuli Wemicimbi Yendllela, oua kuthi yena asibhale phantsi asigcine ezincwadini. Le inkqubo ke ithabatha malunga neeveki ezintathu. Xa ihlanganiswa yonke le nkqubo ithabatha iiveki ezintandathu.
Usenakho kanti nokuqhagamshelana noMtshutshini Woluntu ngokuthi uye ngqo kwinkundla ekhankanywe kweso sohlwayo. Ukuba uthe wafumana umyalelo okubizela enkundleni, kufuneka uqhagamshelane noMtshutshisi Woluntu ngaphambi kosuku lokuvela kwakho enkundleni.
Ukuba, umzekelo, wohlwaywe ngempazamo, ungaya kubhena ngalo mba enkundleni ngosuku obizelwe ukuya kuvela ngalo enkundleni kuloo myalelo.
Ukuba akuyi kuvela uzithethele enkundleni, inkundla iya kukhupha umyalelo ogunyazisa ukuba ubanjwe uvalelwe kwesimnyama, ngetyala lokudela inkundla.
<fn>GOV-ZA.121491.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
iOfisi Ymkhuseli Wabathengi inoxanduva lokuncedisa abathengi baseNtshona Koloni ngezikhalazo zabo kwanokubafundisa ngemiba yokuba ngabathengi.
iOfisi Yomkhuseli Wabathengi isebenza "njengomtshutshini" egameni labathengi ukuze beze nezikhalazo/namatyala abo kwiNkundla Yabathengi, eyinkundla eyodwa echophela amatyala abathengi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.121491.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iOfisi Yomkhuseli Wabathengi isebenza "njengomtshutshini" egameni labathengi ukuze beze nezikhalazo/namatyala abo kwiNkundla Yabathengi, eyinkundla eyodwa echophela amatyala abathengi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12161.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Oomasipala beSithili ngabo abalawula benze nemithetho yesithili, engabandakanyi masipala mnye. Injongo yaba masipala bezithili nabeengingqi kukubambisana ngoxanduva lorhulumente wengiqngi kwiindawo zabo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo zoluntu, ingakumbi iindawo zoluntu oluhlelelekileyo, ekufuneka libe nokzifikelela ngokulinganayo izibonelelo kwaneenkonzo. Oku kuya kunceda oomasipala beengingqi abangenazo izinto ezizibonelelo ezifana (nemali, amaziko, abasebenzi nolwazi) ezingenza kukwazeke ukuziswa kweenkonzo kwiindawo zabo. Bakwanceda nasekucutheni iindleko zokwenza umasipala abe nokusebenza ngokwabelana ngezibonelelo kunye namanye amabhunga. Iindawo 'ezinezinto ziya kunceda ezo 'zisweleyo.
ukuceba uphuhliso lomasipala wesithili sisonke.
ubonelelo lwamanzi aziswa ngobuninzi bawo oko kuthi kuchaphazele uninzi loomasipala besithili.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12188.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Oomaspala bezithili balawula ze benzele izithili zabo imithetho, zithili ezo ziquka oomaspala bamakhaya abangaphaya kwesinye.
Injongo yoomaspala bezithili kwakunye noomaspala bamakhaya yokwabelana ngamagunya okujonagana norhulumente wekhaya kwiingingqi zabo kukuqinisekisa ukuba lonke uluntu ekuhlaleni, ingakumbi kwingingqi ekugquba kuzo intlupheko, luyafikelela kwizibonelelo neenkonzo.
Oku ke kuya kunceda abanye oomaspala bamakhaya abangakwazi kumelana nemiceli-mngeni (yezimali, amaziko, abasebenzi okanye ulwazi) ukuba inikezele ngeenkonzo kuluntu oluhlala kwiingingqi abasebenza kuzo. Kuya kunceda futhi ekunciphiseni iindleko zokusebenza zoomaspala ngokuthi kwabelwane ngezibonelelo. Iingingqi ezimi kakuhle ziya kunceda ezo zisatsala nzima.
ukwenzela umaspala wesithili ewonke izicwangciso zophuhliso ukubonelela abanye abanye oomaspala abaninzi besi sithili ngamanzi ukubonelela abanye oomaspala abaninzi besi sithili ngombane ukucolwa kwamanzi amdaka kwanokuthuthwa kwelindle iindawo zokulahla inkukuma zikamaspala wesithili zayo yonke le ngingqi kamaspala wesithili ukwakha iindlela nemigaqo kuyo yonke le ngingqi kamaspala wesithili ukumisela imithetho elawula iinkonzo zothutho loluntu iinkonzo zempilo zikamaspala kuyo yonke le ngingqi kamaspala wesithili iinkonzo zokulwa umlilo kuyo yonke ingingqi ulawulo lweevenkile zeemveliso ezivunwayo ulawulo lwamangcwaba ukuphuhlisa ezotyelelo kuyo yonke loo ngingqi imisebenzi yoluntu kwinqanaba loomaspala.
<fn>GOV-ZA.121934.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.12215.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Oomasipala beSithili ngabo abalawula benze nemithetho yesithili, engabandakanyi masipala mnye. Injongo yaba masipala bezithili nabeengingqi kukubambisana ngoxanduva lorhulumente wengiqngi kwiindawo zabo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo zoluntu, ingakumbi iindawo zoluntu oluhlelelekileyo, ekufuneka libe nokzifikelela ngokulinganayo izibonelelo kwaneenkonzo. Oku kuya kunceda oomasipala beengingqi abangenazo izinto ezizibonelelo ezifana (nemali, amaziko, abasebenzi nolwazi) ezingenza kukwazeke ukuziswa kweenkonzo kwiindawo zabo. Bakwanceda nasekucutheni iindleko zokwenza umasipala abe nokusebenza ngokwabelana ngezibonelelo kunye namanye amabhunga. Iindawo 'ezinezinto ziya kunceda ezo 'zisweleyo.
ukuceba uphuhliso lomasipala wesithili sisonke.
ubonelelo lwamanzi aziswa ngobuninzi bawo oko kuthi kuchaphazele uninzi loomasipala besithili.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12242.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Oomasipala beSithili ngabo abalawula benze nemithetho yesithili, engabandakanyi masipala mnye. Injongo yaba masipala bezithili nabeengingqi kukubambisana ngoxanduva lorhulumente wengiqngi kwiindawo zabo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo zoluntu, ingakumbi iindawo zoluntu oluhlelelekileyo, ekufuneka libe nokzifikelela ngokulinganayo izibonelelo kwaneenkonzo. Oku kuya kunceda oomasipala beengingqi abangenazo izinto ezizibonelelo ezifana (nemali, amaziko, abasebenzi nolwazi) ezingenza kukwazeke ukuziswa kweenkonzo kwiindawo zabo. Bakwanceda nasekucutheni iindleko zokwenza umasipala abe nokusebenza ngokwabelana ngezibonelelo kunye namanye amabhunga. Iindawo 'ezinezinto ziya kunceda ezo 'zisweleyo.
ukuceba uphuhliso lomasipala wesithili sisonke.
ubonelelo lwamanzi aziswa ngobuninzi bawo oko kuthi kuchaphazele uninzi loomasipala besithili.
<fn>GOV-ZA.122521.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu lunikezela ngolwazi ngokuqeshwa kwabantu abakhubazekileyo kubaqeshi nabaqeshwa.
Imiqobo emininzi efana nokungahoyi eluntwini jikelele, uloyiko neemposiso kubenze abantu abakhubazekileyo bafumana ukuphathwa gadalala luluntu nasemisebenzini. Ngezi zizathu ke abantu abakhubazekileyo baliqela elingananzwanga ngokomthetho iEmployment Equity Act, ka-1998.
uMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi uwuphumezile umgaqo-nkqubo obizwa ngokuba Kukwenza Okulungileyo Ekuqeshweni Kwabantu Abakhubazekileyo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iEmployment Equity Act, ka-1998.
Le Code is isisikhokelo kubaqeshi nabasebenzi ukuze bakhuthaze ukuvezwa kwamathiba alinganayo kwanokuphathwa ngendlela eyiyo kwabantu abakhubazekileyo njengoko usithi thaca lo mthetho.
Le Code ijoliswe ekufundiseni nasekwaziseni abaqeshi nabasebenzi ukuze bawazi amalungelo noxanduva abajongene nalo ekuphakamiseni ukutyhilekelwa kwanokunciphisa iimbambano ukuze abantu abakubazekileyo babe nakho ukonwabela ze basebenzise amalungelo abo kwiindawo zabo zempangelo.
Le Code ikwajoliswe ekuncediseni kwiinzame zokudala ulwazi ngegalelo abantu abakhubazekileyo abanokulenza kwanokukhuthaza aqbaqeshi ukuba bazisebenzise ngokupheleleyo izakhono zabantu abakhubazekileyo.
Ngokwalo Mthetho eyona nto kujoliswe kuyo ziziphumo zokukhubazeka kuloo mntu ngokungqamene nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphezu kokuba ukhubazwa yintoni na okanye kwizinto angenakukwazi ukuzenza.
nto leyo ibabambezelayo ekubeni bangene kwizithuba zempangelo okanye ekubeni bakhule empangelweni.
Abaqeshi kufuneka basebenzise elona cebo lingadli kakhulu empokothweni lokususa imiqobo yokwenza loo msebenzi, kwanokonwabela iinzuzo namathuba alinganayo engqesho.
kwizibonelelo neenzuzo zengqesho.
Abaqeshi kufuneka benze izibhengezo zezithuba zengqesho zifikeleleke kubantu abakhubazekileyo ngokuthi bachaze owona ndoqo kwiimfuno zeso sithuba, bechaza ngokucacileyo izakhono nezona zinto umntu kufuneka ekwazile ukuzenza ze kuthiwe thaca elubala inkqubo yokuchonga.
Iimvavanyo ezneziwayo kufuneka zihambelane neemfuno zalo Mthetho yaye kufuneka zingqamelane naloo msebenzi awuvavanyelwayo loo mfaki-sicelo. Abaqeshi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba iimvavanyo azibakhupheli ngaphandle ngendlela engekho mthethweni imiqathango yaye kufuneka indlela ekwenziwa ngayo izinto ingakhethi cala kwindlela ekuchongwa ngayo, ekuhlolwa nekuchazwa ngayo imigaqo.
Uvavanyo lobume bempilo yomntu kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela emva kokuba umqeshi lowo efumanisile ukuba umfaki-sicelo lowo uyakwazi ukuwenza okanye uyamelana neemfuno zaloo msebenzi yaye emva kokuba ewunikiwe loo msebenzi.
Abantu abakhubazekileyo kufuneka kuthetha-thethwane nabo kwimicimbi yokukhula nokuphuhla kwabo emisebenzini, zithathelwe iingqalelo iimfuno zabo ezizodwa yaye kufuneka bafikelele nakwizixhobob zoqeqesho. Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wabo kwakunye nezibonelelo zokugqwesa emsebenzini kufuneka zibonakalise ngokucacileyo ze zilinganisele indlela abazinikele ngayo kweyona misebenzini yabo.
Abasebenzi abathi bafunyanwe kukukhubazeka ngexesha lomsebenzi kufuneka, apho kukwazekayo, babuyiselwe emisebenzini. Ukuba kuya kuba ngcono ngolo hlobo, abaqeshi kufuneka bazame iqhinga lokubanika aba basebenzi eminye imisebenzi enokubafanela, umsebenzi oncitshisiweyo okanye bafakwe kwiindawo abaza kusebenza kuzo ngokukhululeka nalula, ukuze abasebenzi aba bangazifumani benyanzelekile okanye bekhokelelwa ekubeni bayiyeke imisebenzi yabo.
Xa abasebenzi bethi bakhubazeke ngenxa yezigulo okanye ukwenza okunento yokwenza nomsebenzi abawenzayo, umqeshi kufuneka amncedise umsebenzi lowo ufumane uncedo aludingayo ngokweemfuno zomthetho iCompensation for Occupational Injures and Diseases Act kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo ze afumane neenzuzo ezimfaneleyo ngokweemfuno zomthetho i-Unemployment Insurance Act.
Abaqeashi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba ulwazi neenkcukacha ngokukhubazeka ezinikezelwe ngumsebenzi okanye umfaki-sicelo kwisithuba sengqesho zihlala ziyimfihlelo. Kufuneka umqeshi lowo aqinisaekise ukuba konke oku kwenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu ukuze ezo nkcukacha ziyimfihlelo zihlale zinjalo yaye zahluke kwezinye nje ezingeyomfihlelo.
Abaqeshi abavumelekanga ukuba badize naluphi na ulwazi olunento yokwenza nokukhubazeka komsebenzi ngaphandle kwemvume yaloo msebenzi ebhalwe phantsi, ngaphandle kokuba bayalelwa ngumthetho ukuze benze oko.
Abaqeshi abanikezela okanye abenza amalungiselelo okukhusela abasebenzi kwiingozi zengqesho okanye izicwangciso zezinye nje izibonelelo kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba ezo zibonelelo azibenzi abo basebenzi bazive bengafani nabanye abantu, ngendlela ethe ngqo okanye egwegwelezayo.
Ukuba abantu abakhubazekileyo abamelwanga ngokulingana nabanye abantu kuwo onke amanqanaba namabakala engqesho, umqeshi lowo kufuneka acele umkhomba-ndlela kwimibutho emela iimfuno zabantu abakhubazekileyo okanye iingcali kwelo candelo, umzekelo, inkonzo yokunuyiselwa kwengqondo yomntu emsebenzini nonyango lwezigulo zasemsebenzini ukuze abantu abakhubazekileyo bakwazi ukumelana neemfuno zale misebenzi.
Abaqeshi, imibutho yabaqeshi ndawonye neemanyano zabasebenzi kufuneka ziwufake lo Mkhomba-ndlela ekufakeni abasebenzi, ekufundiseni nakwiinkqubo zoqeqesho lwabasebenzi.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha, zihlanganise nomthetho iEmployment Equity Act, ka-1998 ndawonye ne-noMkhomba-ndlela Wokwenza Okulungileyo Ekuqeshweni Kwabantu Abakhubazekileyo kwiwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi kule dilesi www.labour.gov.za okanye ke uqhagamshelane neCCMA kule nombolo yayo yoncedo 0861 161616 okanye eyona ofisi ikufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.122538.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana linikezela ngeenkcukacha Ngezifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo, yaye liquka nomawukulindele kumsebenzi wecandelo lononophelo lwempilo nemiba yokuba semngciphekweni.
Khuthaza iqabane/amaqabane akho ukuba aye kufumana unyango eklinikhi njengoko usenokuphinda wosuleleke futhi kufuneka uphinde wanyangwa.
Ziintoni Ezi Zifo Zingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo?
Ndingazazi Njani Ukuba Ndinesifo Esingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo?
Ukuba uzikrokrelela ekubeni unesifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo, umsebenzi wononophelo lwempilo uya kwenza oku kulandelayo...
ukukwazi nokubona iimpawu nobungqina bobukho bezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ukubaluleka kokuya kuzifunela unyango lwezi zifo zingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ulwazi ngobukho bonyango olufumaneka simahla nolusemgangathweni kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo aseburhulumenteni ulwazi ngokufikeleleka kweentsilathi zamadoda ezifumaneka simahla nezikumgangatho ophakamileyo kwiiklinikhi nezibhedlele zaseburhulumenteni kwanakwezinye nje iindawo ezingaqhelekanga ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu owabelana naye ngesondo naye uyalufumana unyango.
Izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo zizifo ezibangelwa ngamagciwane asuka kwelinye iqabane aye kwelinye ngexesha la maqabane esabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga.
Ukuthunyelwa kumanye amaziko onyango njengoko kuchaziwe ucwangciso-ntsapho, unonophelo lwangaphambi kokuzalwa kosana, inkqubo yokuthintela ukosulelwa kosana ngunina, isifo sephepha, unyango nononophelo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo njalo-njalo.
Ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha zezigulana (iinkcukacha zezigulana, ukugcinwa nokukhutshwa kweenkcukacha-manani zamihla le).
Ukuba impendulo yakho ibe ngu-ewe kuwo nawuphi na omnye wemibuza engentla apha, kufuneka uye kweyona klinikhi ikufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane kuhlolwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.122593.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Lemicimbi yeNkcubeko NeMidlalo sekumbovu ukuba lenze inkqubo yokumisa i-Ofisi ezimeleyo yeziBonelelo zeeMvumi, eza kuqwalasela imiba emayela namagcisa okwenza anobuncutshe.
Bonke abantu abakhoyo nabahlumayo kwimveliso yomculo bayamenywa ukuba banikeze ulwazi kwaneenkcukacha ukuze kudityaniswe uvimba wolwazi wephondo, oza kulawulwa yi-Ofisi yeziBonelelo zeeMvumi.
Abantu ababhaliswe kuvimba wolwazi baza kumenywa kwiNgqungquthela yeeMvumi zePhondo ngonyaka wama-2006, ukuze emva koko kwenziwe ubume benkonzo kunye nesicwangciso sokwenza se-Ofisi yeziBonelelo.
Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano kuqukwa: iposi yedilesi, i-imeyile kunye neenombolo zeefowuni.
Amaphepha okubhalisa ayafumaneka kwiziko lethu, inkcukacha malunga nomba wokubhalisa uyafumaneka kwinqila ezikututshane ezithile. Ngolwazi oluphangaleleyo ningasifowunela.
QAPHELA: Uvimba wolwazi uza kusetyenziselwa ukunika ulwazi olululo kwiincutshe zomculo nakwabanye abanomdla kushishino lwezomculo, ukuze kwakhiwe ushishino lwezomculo nokuqinisekisa ufikelelo olulinganayo kwizibonelelo zolu shishino. Uvimba wolwazi uza kunceda ekuchongeni, ekuhlumiseni nasekuphuhliseni italente entsha ukuba ibe ziindwalutho zomculo noonozakuzaku bexa elizayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12269.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNqila yaseMatzikama ubandakanya iLutzville, iEbenhaezer, iVredendal, iVanrhynsdorp, iDoringbaai / Strandfontein neKlawer.
nokuwisa imithetho kamasipala - imithetho yenqila nemimiselo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho kamasipala ayiyi kunxaxha kuyi nayiphi na imithetho yesizwe.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso - kunyaka ngamnye uhlahlo-mali lukamasipala kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela apha eya kubonisa indlela emayenziwe ngayo nemayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. Umasipala kufuneka aphucule Ã¦ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo lophuhlisoÃ†.
Ukumisela imirhumo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo, irhafu yomhlaba.
Ukubiza imali yeenkonzo - ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomasipala njengamanzi, umbane, amathala eencwadi, njalo-njalo.
Ukumisela izohlwayo - kubantu abaphula imithetho yomasipala, umzekelo, intlawulo ngokuphula umthetho wendlela, ukulahla nje inkunkuma naphi na.
Uboleko-mali - ibhunga lingenza imboleko-mali yokuphuhlisa okanye ukwenza enye iprojekthi nokusetyenziswa kwempahla kamasipala njengonobambiso.
Ukwenza, ukuphucula nokulungisa izicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zophuhliso (IDP).
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<fn>GOV-ZA.122924.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ndingafumanisa ukuba ndinesohlwayo sendlela endingekasihlawuli?
Zeziphi ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zezohlwayo zendlela?
Ndingawujonga ndiwuqinisekise phi umfanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya?
Ndingasihlawula njani isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Ndingasihlawula na isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela kumatshini webhanki?
Ndingasihlawula emva kwexesha elingakanani isohlwayo sam sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingasihlawuli isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Tsalela iCandelo Lemibuzo Ngemiba Yendlela 'ngexesha lomsebenzi (ukusukela ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu, ngesibhozo ekuseni ukuya kutsho ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesithathu malanga) kule nombolo. Ukuba ungathanda ukufumana iphepha elichaza konke ngesohlwayo sakho. Kuya kufuneka uziyele ngokwakho kweli sebe lezendlela.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba isebe lezendlela likuthumela izohlwayo zeziphoso zendlela kwidilesi yakho endala, nceda uthumele idilesi yakho entsha ngefeksi (eyokuhlala neyeposi) , ndawonye nencwadana yakho yesazisi kwiCandelo Lokubhaliswa Kwezithuthi kule nombolo 419 1676. Yibhalise ngeSebe Lonxibelelwano. Tsalela iCandelo Lokubhaliswa Kwezithuthi kule nombolo yomnxeba 400 4900 nangaziphi na iinkcukacha onokuzifuna ngalo mba.
Umyalelo Okunyanzelisa Ukuba Uvele Ngokukhawuleza Enkundleni ukhutshwa xa igosa lendlela ekhuphela umqhubi-sithuthi ecaleni kwendlela ukuze amnike itikiti elinesohlwayo ngenxa yezi ziphoso zilandelayo: isiphoso asenze ngelixa aqhubayo (umzekelo, ukuqhuba ngesantya esingamkelekanga okanye okanye ukudlula izibane zendlela zimvalele), isiphene esikwisithuthi sakho (umzekelo, isibane sangemva esophukileyo/esingasebenziyo), iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi eliphelelweyo okanye ukuqhuba isithuthi ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba.
A iTikiti leCandelo 341 likhutshwa xa umqhubi-sithuthi ebanjwe yikhamera esaphula umthetho wendlela (umzekelo, xa eqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu ngendlela engamkelekanga) okanye xa igosa elo lendlela likhupha eli tikiti engekho umqhubi lowo esithuthini (eli ke litiki elimbala upinki elinikezelwa xa umqhuni ethe wapaka ngokungekho mthethweni, efunywenwe enecwecwe lephepha-mvume lokuqhuba eliphelelweyo, njalo-njalo).
Inombolo yomfanekiso lowo, obonakala kwitikiti olithunyelweyo.
Ngenxa yobuzaza bobuqhetseba nobusela kwicandelo leeposi, ayikhuthazwa tu into yokuba umntu athumele imali eziinkozo ngeposi.
Ukuba unomnqweno wokuhlawula ngosuku lokugqibela lokuhlawula okanye emva kolu suku,, ungakwenza oku ngokuthi uhlawule imali eziinkozo okanye ngetsheki eqinisekiswe yibhanki kwinkundla ekhankanywe kwelo tikiti (fumana ke idilesi kwesi sikhundla sineeNkundla zooMaspala). Kuya kufuneka uye ngokwakhe xa uhlawula esi sohlwayo, kwishumi elinesine leentsuku emva kosuku lokugqibela lokuhlawula. Ngolu suku lweshumi elinesine ke, ityala lakho liya kuchotshelwa enkundleni.
Ukuba akunamnqweno wakulihlawula eli tyala, kuya kufuneka uye kuvela enkundleni, ngokwakho, ngosuku obekelwe ukuvela ngalo enkundleni ngeenjongo zokuya kuzithethelela. Ukuba akuyi kuzithethelela, inkundla iya kukhupha isigunyaziso kokubanjwa kwakho uvalelwe kwesimnyama.
Kuxhyomekeka ekubeni ufumene oluphi na uhlobo lwesohlwayo, Isigunyaziso Sokuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokungxamisekileyo okanye iTikiti leCandelo le-341, unesithuba esiphakathi kwamashumi amathathu eentsuku neenyanga ezine sokuhlawula itikiti lakho lesiphoso sendlela.
Isigunyaziso Sokuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokungxamisekileyo linosuku oza kuvela ngalo enkundleni yaye uneentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuhlawula ukususela kusuku elikhutshwe ngalo eli tikiti, ukwenze oko kwisebe lezendlela elikhankanywe kwitikiti kwisigunyaziso eso. Ukuba uthi ulihlawule eli tikiti ngosuku omele ukuvela ngalo enkundleni, kuya kufuneka ukwenze ngokwakho oko enkundleni.
Ukuba uthi ufumane iTikiti leCandelo le-341, uneentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokuba isebe lezendlela likhuphe "iSaiziso Esiphambi Kwesigunyaziso Sokuvela Enkundleni", oya kuthi emva kokukhutshwa kwaso ube nezinye iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokukhutshwa kwalo myalelo ukugunyazisa ukuba uye kuvela enkundleni.
Emva kokukhutshwa komyalelo wokuvela enkundleni, unezinye iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuhlawula itikiti lakho kwiSebe Lezendlela elikhankanywe apho. Emva kokudlula kwala mashumi amathathu eentsuku, unelinye ishumi elinesine leentsuku oliphiwayo lokuba uhlawule eli tikiti kwinkundla ekhanknywe kuloo myalelo.
Ngoko ke lilonke, unamalunga neenyanga ezine zokuba uhlawule isohlwayo sakho emva kokufumana itikiti leCandelo le-341.
Ukuba unomnqweno wokufaka isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sendlela osinikiweyo, thumela incwadi ecacisa izizathu zakho, ndawonye nekopi yeso sohlwayo sakho, kwiSebe Lezendlela laseGallows Hill. Usenakho kanti nokuzithumela ngefeksi ezi nkcukacha kule nombolo: 021 421 6607. Uya kuthi ufumane incwadi ke ekwazisa ngokuba eli sebe liyifumene incwadi yakho kwisithuba esimalunga neenyanga ezintathu emva koko.
uMlawuli Wemicimbi Yendlela Yendlela uya kuthi akuthumele le ncwadi yakho kwinkundla efanelekileyo. uMtshutshisi Woluntu okuloo nkundla uya kuthi asiqwalasele esi sohlwayo, nto leyo ithabatha ubuninzi iintsuku ezimbini, ze emva koko athumele isigqibo sakhe kuMlawuli Wemicimbi Yendllela, oua kuthi yena asibhale phantsi asigcine ezincwadini. Le inkqubo ke ithabatha malunga neeveki ezintathu. Xa ihlanganiswa yonke le nkqubo ithabatha iiveki ezintandathu.
Usenakho kanti nokuqhagamshelana noMtshutshini Woluntu ngokuthi uye ngqo kwinkundla ekhankanywe kweso sohlwayo. Ukuba uthe wafumana umyalelo okubizela enkundleni, kufuneka uqhagamshelane noMtshutshisi Woluntu ngaphambi kosuku lokuvela kwakho enkundleni.
Ukuba, umzekelo, wohlwaywe ngempazamo, ungaya kubhena ngalo mba enkundleni ngosuku obizelwe ukuya kuvela ngalo enkundleni kuloo myalelo.
Ukuba akuyi kuvela uzithethele enkundleni, inkundla iya kukhupha umyalelo ogunyazisa ukuba ubanjwe uvalelwe kwesimnyama, ngetyala lokudela inkundla.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12296.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseCederberg obandakanya iLutzville, iLamberts Bay/Lambertsbaai, iGraafwater, iClanwilliam neCitrusdal.
nokuwisa imithetho kamasipala - imithetho yenqila nemimiselo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho kamasipala ayiyi kunxaxha kuyi nayiphi na imithetho yesizwe.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso - kunyaka ngamnye uhlahlo-mali lukamasipala kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela apha eya kubonisa indlela emayenziwe ngayo nemayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. Umasipala kufuneka aphucule Ã¦ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo lophuhlisoÃ†.
Ukumisela imirhumo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo, irhafu yomhlaba.
Ukubiza imali yeenkonzo - ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomasipala njengamanzi, umbane, amathala eencwadi, njalo-njalo.
Ukumisela izohlwayo - kubantu abaphula imithetho yomasipala, umzekelo, intlawulo ngokuphula umthetho wendlela, ukulahla nje inkunkuma naphi na.
Uboleko-mali - ibhunga lingenza imboleko-mali yokuphuhlisa okanye ukwenza enye iprojekthi nokusetyenziswa kwempahla kamasipala njengonobambiso.
Ukwenza, ukuphucula nokulungisa izicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zophuhliso (IDP).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.12323.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseBergrivier obandakanya iRedelinghuys, iAurora, iVelddrif, iPiketberg nePorterville.
nokuwisa imithetho kamasipala - imithetho yenqila nemimiselo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho kamasipala ayiyi kunxaxha kuyi nayiphi na imithetho yesizwe.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso - kunyaka ngamnye uhlahlo-mali lukamasipala kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela apha eya kubonisa indlela emayenziwe ngayo nemayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. Umasipala kufuneka aphucule Ã¦ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo lophuhlisoÃ†.
Ukumisela imirhumo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo, irhafu yomhlaba.
Ukubiza imali yeenkonzo - ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomasipala njengamanzi, umbane, amathala eencwadi, njalo-njalo.
Ukumisela izohlwayo - kubantu abaphula imithetho yomasipala, umzekelo, intlawulo ngokuphula umthetho wendlela, ukulahla nje inkunkuma naphi na.
Uboleko-mali - ibhunga lingenza imboleko-mali yokuphuhlisa okanye ukwenza enye iprojekthi nokusetyenziswa kwempahla kamasipala njengonobambiso.
Ukwenza, ukuphucula nokulungisa izicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zophuhliso (IDP).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.123667.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Sinikezela ngoqeqesho kwanamava nezakhono kubantu abatsha abakhubazeke kancinci ngokwasengqondweni.
Sifaka ulutsha kwimicimbi yokukhubazeka ngengqondo ekunikezeleni ngeenkonzo ekuhlaleni.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lale nkqubo, abaqeqeshwa bathi bafumana izakhono, amava entsebenzo ze nebafakwe nakwizithuba zengqesho ekwenzeni nasekudaleni izitiya, ekuhlambeni impahla, ekucoceni, nakwincandelo lokunonophela abantwana nabantu abadala.
Aba baqesqeshwa ke baya kuthi bafakwe kwizithuba zoqeqesho ezikwingingqi yaseFlakeni, eRetreat, eMitchell's Plain naseKhayelitsha, apho baya kwenza khona imisebenzi yokuzinikela. Abaqeqeshi kwimicimbi yengqesho baya kuthi batyelele aba baqeqeshwa kwezi ndawo zasekuhlaleni bafakwe kuzo ngeenjongo zokubanika inkxaso eya kuqhubekeka ze baqwalasele nenkqubela yabo.
Ukubalungiselela amathuba engqesho kwilixa elisezayo, abaqeqeshwa beSiyanceda kufuneka bewafumene amava okuba kunjani na kanye ukusebenza kumsebenzi onguwo. Ukufakwa kwimibutho esekuhlaleni kwiingingqi ezithile kunikezela ngamava okwenene kwabo bantu baqeqeshwayo yaye kukwanikezela nangenkonzo enexabiso nefumaneka simahla kuluntu ekuhlaleni.
Umbutho ke wona ulundeleke ukuba uhlawulelele izixhobo zokucoca kuphela.
<fn>GOV-ZA.123790.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
UGqr Manto Tshabalala-Msimang, uMphathiswa weSebe lezeMpilo wesizwe ubhengeze ukuba ukuqala ngo-2006, inyanga yoMdumba iya kubekelwa bucala njengenyanga Yempilo Yesizwe Ephathelele Ekubelekeni. Umxholo Wesizwe wango-2006 uthi, Sindisa Isizwe, Yomeleza Impilo ephathelele Ekubelekeni'.
Indawo ezihlala abantu kungoku nje zijongene nengxaki yokwanda kwezihlo zokukhulelwa okungafunekiyo nokungacetywanga, kuqukwa nokukhulelwa kwamantombazana asanda kufikisa ebuntombini (i-10% yeentsana ezizalwayo zizalwa ngala mantombazana), izifo ezosulela ngesondo, kuqukwa neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ngo-20 okwakaloku nje. Ngoko ke amaqabane/ abalingani bayabongozwa ukuba bazisebenzise ezi ndlela zikhoyo zocwangciso-ntsapho zifanelekileyo nezifumaneka kumaziko abo empilo, ukuzikhusela bona nokukhusela abanye kananjalo.
Inyanga Yokuqatshelwa kweMpilo ephathelele ekublekeni iya kumiselwa eNtshona Koloni kwiSemina yonyaka yoKwazisa mayela neMpilo ephathelele ekuZaleni neya kuba ngomhla we-17 kweyoMdumba ka-2006 eRiver Club, eObservatory. ISebe Lezempilo liya kusebenzisa eli thuba lisazisa ngeWestern Cape Youth Z-Card.
Imicimbi eyahlukeneyo ilungiselelwe ukuba yenziwe ngoFebruwari 06, apho kuya kube kubhiyozelwa iNyanga yeMpilo kananjalo nokukhuthaza ndawonye nokomeleza impilo ephathelele ekuzaleni kunye nononophelo lwempilo.
Ukufa kwababelekayo kungacutheka xa ubani emana esiya eklinikhi ebonelela ngononophelo ngaphambi kokubeleka xa iinyanga zisembalwa.
Umhlaza wesibeleko ungathintelwa ngokukhangelwa / uhlolwe kwiklinikhi ekufuphi nawe.
Ukunyangwa kwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo kungagqibela ngokuzinqanda iingxaki zempilo ephathelele ekuzaleni.
Ukubandakanyeka kwamadoda kwimpilo ephathelele ekuzaleni kungenza umahluko noko.
URhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni uzibophelele ekuphumezeni Iminqweno Yophuhliso kule Nkulungwane, ngokuthi agxininise ekuyisiphuleni neengcambu zayo intlupheko, aphumeze imfundo eyeyona nto ingundoqo, akhuthaze ulingano ngokwesini awaxhobise namabhinqa, anciphise inani lokufa kwabantwana, aphucule impilo yabakhulelweyo/yokuba ngumzalikazi ukulwa isifo uGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe nokuqinisekisa ngemeko ezinzileyo.
uMzantsi Afrika ungowona unomthetho obanzi kwihlabathi jikelele ngokubhekiselele ekunikeni ingqalelo amalungelo oluntu, kuqukwa namalungelo endibano yesondo nawokuzala, ondlaliweyo phaya kumthetho, iConstitutional Act (Act No.108 of 1996) nakumthetho iChoice on Termination of Pregnancy Act (Act 92 of 1996) njengoko ulungisiwe (Act No. 38 of 2004).
ISebe lezeMpilo linemigaqo-nkqubo yokuqhubela phambili, ebandakanya uMgaqo-nkqubo wezokucwangcisa kunye nezikhokelo zoMgaqo-nkqubo wobonelelo ngekonzo yoCwangciso, Ukukhangelwa koMhlaza Wesibeleko, uMgaqo-nkqubo kunye nesicwngciso-qhinga Sokuphumeza umthetho iChoice on Termination of Pregnancy, noMgaqo-nkqubo ojongene nokuXhatshwazwa ngesondo, izikhokelo zoLawulo ezimalunga nokuNonotshelwa kwabaxhatshazwe ngeSondo, uMgaqo-nkqubo ojongene nezoLutsha kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weMpilo ngexesha lokufikisa, ezempilo ezikolweni, izikhokelo zoMgaqo-nkqubo wokuLawula nokunqanda izigulo zemfuzo, iinkcukacha-mpepha iziphene ezidaleka ekuzalweni nokuKhubazeka kosana lusavela kunye neenkcukacha-mpepha ezimalunga nokuba ngumzalikazi.
Sele zikho iinkqubo ekujongwe ngazo ukunciphisa ukufa kwamabhinqa abelekayo neentsana ezizalwayo, ezo nkqubo zezi yiNational Confidential Enquiries kunye nesiqinisekiso Sokuswelekelwa Kukamama kunye kwanokuchongwa kweengxaki zangaphambi kokubeleka.
Uluntu luya kwazi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zempilo ephathelele ekuzaleni apho kuqukwa khona neenkonzo zocwangciso-nzala, impilo yabakhulelweyo/yobuzalikazi, ukukhangelwa komhlaza wesibeleko nowebele, ukukhutshwa kwezisu, uGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe kunye nezifo ezisuleleka ngesondo.
Ukucwangcisa usapho kuyeyona nto ibisoloko iqhubeka ixesha elide kwezempilo kuzanywa nokulwa uGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wenkonzo yeyona ntsika yokuphucula ezempilo, ukuphuhlisa nokukhusela amabhinqa, amadoda, abo bakwixesha lokufikisa kunye nabantwana. Ucwangciso-nzala yeyona ndlela yokunceda iintsapho kunye nabantu ekunqandeni ukukhulelwa okungeyomfuneko. Imingeni ekujongenwe nayo ngokuphathelele kuGawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe ndawonye nokufa kwabakhulelweyo neentsana akungethiwa kuqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo zingekaqiniswa iinkonzo zocwangciso-nzala. Umgaqo-nkqubo Wocwangciso-ntsapho ke ngoko ujolise, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ekuxhobiseni amabhinqa, ukubandakanyeka kwamadoda kwimpilo ephathelele ekuzaleni kwanemfuneko yokuba amadoda namabhinqa athi ezikhethela indlela yawo yempilo ephathelele ekuzaleni abe ekwenza oko enolwazi.
Zikhona kwaye ziyafumeneka iindlela ezahlukeneyo zocwangciso kwiikliniki zoluntu kweli phondo. Ezo ndlela ziquka iipilisi zocwangciso, izitofu nezixhotyana zocwangciso ezifakwa esibelekweni, kukho iikhondom zamadoda nezamabhinqa kanti kukwakho nohlobo lokucwangcisa ngokunqanyulwa kwenzala, oko kwenziwa ngokusikwa okanye ukubotshwa kwemibhojana ehambisa imbewu emadodeni ze kusikwe okanye kubotshwe imibhojana evela kwisiyilelo-maqanda kumabhinqa, kananjalo likwakho nechiza locwangciso-ntsapho ngokungxamisekileyo. Uthintelo oluntlantlo-mbini - ukusetyenziswa kweentsilathi kuphela, oko kusenziwa ngendlela echanekileyo kwanengatshintshiyo, okanye kusetyenziswe ikhondom kunye nolunye uhlobo locwangciso (apho kusetyenziswa ichiza locwangciso-ntsapho lokungxamisekileyo kwimeko yengozi), yeyona nto ibethelelwayo ukuthintela ukukhulelwa okungeyomfuneko kananjalo nezifo ezosulela ngesondo kuqukwa neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Umhlaza wesibeleko yeyona nto iwathumela kwantsonga nyawana amabhinqa aseMzantsi Afrika. Uphando ludandalazise ukuba ngokomlinganiselo liba linye ibhinqa ubuncinane kumabhinqa angamashumi amathathu ananye eMzantsi Afrika aye ahlaselwe ngumhlaza wesibeleko ngexesha lawo lokudla ubomi. Ukukhangelwa komhlaza uze ubhaqeke msinyane kwenziwe nonyango ngokusika/ngokutshisa ukunqanda ukunwenwa komhlaza, yeyona nto ibekwe phambili kwezempilo kwiSizwe siphela. Ngokwezikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo, wonke umntu olibhinqa kufaneleke ukuba akhangelwe izihlandlo ezithathu mahala xa ekwisithuba seminyaka engama-30, engama-40 nengama-50 eminyaka yobudala. Le nkonzo iyenziwa kuwo onke amaziko ezempilo.
Umthetho iChoice on Termination of Pregnancy Act (No.92 of 1996) ichaza ithi umntu olibhinqa nokuba ukweyiphi na iminyaka ofuna ukukhupha isizu, angakwenza oko ngokufaka isicelo kugqirha okanye kunesi oqeqeshiweyo, xa ekwisithuba seeveki ezilishumi elinambini ekhulelwe. Singakhutshwa isisu kwiiveki ezili-13 ukuya kwezingama-20 zokukhulelwa, ukuba sele zingaphezu koko iiveki, oko kuthetha ukuba ungakho umngcipheko wengozi emzimbeni, engqondweni yakhe, ekuhlaleni nakuqoqosho lwezempilo. Ibhinqa elingasafuniyo ukuba kube sabheka phambili ukukhulelwa kwalo kufuneka liye kwiklinikhi ekufuphi nalo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.123790.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UGqr Manto Tshabalala-Msimang, uMphathiswa weSebe lezeMpilo wesizwe ubhengeze ukuba ukuqala ngo-2006, inyanga yoMdumba iya kubekelwa bucala njengenyanga Yempilo Yesizwe Ephathelele Ekubelekeni. Umxholo Wesizwe wango-2006 uthi, Sindisa Isizwe, Yomeleza Impilo ephathelele Ekubelekeni'.
Indawo ezihlala abantu kungoku nje zijongene nengxaki yokwanda kwezihlo zokukhulelwa okungafunekiyo nokungacetywanga, kuqukwa nokukhulelwa kwamantombazana asanda kufikisa ebuntombini (i-10% yeentsana ezizalwayo zizalwa ngala mantombazana), izifo ezosulela ngesondo, kuqukwa neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ngo-20 okwakaloku nje. Ngoko ke amaqabane/ abalingani bayabongozwa ukuba bazisebenzise ezi ndlela zikhoyo zocwangciso-ntsapho zifanelekileyo nezifumaneka kumaziko abo empilo, ukuzikhusela bona nokukhusela abanye kananjalo.
Imicimbi eyahlukeneyo ilungiselelwe ukuba yenziwe ngoFebruwari 06, apho kuya kube kubhiyozelwa iNyanga yeMpilo kananjalo nokukhuthaza ndawonye nokomeleza impilo ephathelele ekuzaleni kunye nononophelo lwempilo.
Ukufa kwababelekayo kungacutheka xa ubani emana esiya eklinikhi ebonelela ngononophelo ngaphambi kokubeleka xa iinyanga zisembalwa.
Umhlaza wesibeleko ungathintelwa ngokukhangelwa / uhlolwe kwiklinikhi ekufuphi nawe.
Ukunyangwa kwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo kungagqibela ngokuzinqanda iingxaki zempilo ephathelele ekuzaleni.
Ukubandakanyeka kwamadoda kwimpilo ephathelele ekuzaleni kungenza umahluko noko.
URhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni uzibophelele ekuphumezeni Iminqweno Yophuhliso kule Nkulungwane, ngokuthi agxininise ekuyisiphuleni neengcambu zayo intlupheko, aphumeze imfundo eyeyona nto ingundoqo, akhuthaze ulingano ngokwesini awaxhobise namabhinqa, anciphise inani lokufa kwabantwana, aphucule impilo yabakhulelweyo/yokuba ngumzalikazi ukulwa isifo uGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe nokuqinisekisa ngemeko ezinzileyo.
Uluntu luya kwazi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zempilo ephathelele ekuzaleni apho kuqukwa khona neenkonzo zocwangciso-nzala, impilo yabakhulelweyo/yobuzalikazi, ukukhangelwa komhlaza wesibeleko nowebele, ukukhutshwa kwezisu, uGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe kunye nezifo ezisuleleka ngesondo.
Ukucwangcisa usapho kuyeyona nto ibisoloko iqhubeka ixesha elide kwezempilo kuzanywa nokulwa uGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wenkonzo yeyona ntsika yokuphucula ezempilo, ukuphuhlisa nokukhusela amabhinqa, amadoda, abo bakwixesha lokufikisa kunye nabantwana. Ucwangciso-nzala yeyona ndlela yokunceda iintsapho kunye nabantu ekunqandeni ukukhulelwa okungeyomfuneko. Imingeni ekujongenwe nayo ngokuphathelele kuGawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe ndawonye nokufa kwabakhulelweyo neentsana akungethiwa kuqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo zingekaqiniswa iinkonzo zocwangciso-nzala. Umgaqo-nkqubo Wocwangciso-ntsapho ke ngoko ujolise, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ekuxhobiseni amabhinqa, ukubandakanyeka kwamadoda kwimpilo ephathelele ekuzaleni kwanemfuneko yokuba amadoda namabhinqa athi ezikhethela indlela yawo yempilo ephathelele ekuzaleni abe ekwenza oko enolwazi.
Zikhona kwaye ziyafumeneka iindlela ezahlukeneyo zocwangciso kwiikliniki zoluntu kweli phondo. Ezo ndlela ziquka iipilisi zocwangciso, izitofu nezixhotyana zocwangciso ezifakwa esibelekweni, kukho iikhondom zamadoda nezamabhinqa kanti kukwakho nohlobo lokucwangcisa ngokunqanyulwa kwenzala, oko kwenziwa ngokusikwa okanye ukubotshwa kwemibhojana ehambisa imbewu emadodeni ze kusikwe okanye kubotshwe imibhojana evela kwisiyilelo-maqanda kumabhinqa, kananjalo likwakho nechiza locwangciso-ntsapho ngokungxamisekileyo. Uthintelo oluntlantlo-mbini - ukusetyenziswa kweentsilathi kuphela, oko kusenziwa ngendlela echanekileyo kwanengatshintshiyo, okanye kusetyenziswe ikhondom kunye nolunye uhlobo locwangciso (apho kusetyenziswa ichiza locwangciso-ntsapho lokungxamisekileyo kwimeko yengozi), yeyona nto ibethelelwayo ukuthintela ukukhulelwa okungeyomfuneko kananjalo nezifo ezosulela ngesondo kuqukwa neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Umhlaza wesibeleko yeyona nto iwathumela kwantsonga nyawana amabhinqa aseMzantsi Afrika. Uphando ludandalazise ukuba ngokomlinganiselo liba linye ibhinqa ubuncinane kumabhinqa angamashumi amathathu ananye eMzantsi Afrika aye ahlaselwe ngumhlaza wesibeleko ngexesha lawo lokudla ubomi. Ukukhangelwa komhlaza uze ubhaqeke msinyane kwenziwe nonyango ngokusika/ngokutshisa ukunqanda ukunwenwa komhlaza, yeyona nto ibekwe phambili kwezempilo kwiSizwe siphela. Ngokwezikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo, wonke umntu olibhinqa kufaneleke ukuba akhangelwe izihlandlo ezithathu mahala xa ekwisithuba seminyaka engama-30, engama-40 nengama-50 eminyaka yobudala. Le nkonzo iyenziwa kuwo onke amaziko ezempilo.
Umthetho iChoice on Termination of Pregnancy Act (No.92 of 1996) ichaza ithi umntu olibhinqa nokuba ukweyiphi na iminyaka ofuna ukukhupha isizu, angakwenza oko ngokufaka isicelo kugqirha okanye kunesi oqeqeshiweyo, xa ekwisithuba seeveki ezilishumi elinambini ekhulelwe. Singakhutshwa isisu kwiiveki ezili-13 ukuya kwezingama-20 zokukhulelwa, ukuba sele zingaphezu koko iiveki, oko kuthetha ukuba ungakho umngcipheko wengozi emzimbeni, engqondweni yakhe, ekuhlaleni nakuqoqosho lwezempilo. Ibhinqa elingasafuniyo ukuba kube sabheka phambili ukukhulelwa kwalo kufuneka liye kwiklinikhi ekufuphi nalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12404.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseWitzenberg obandakanya iTulbagh, iCeres, iPrince Alfred Hamlet neWolseley.
nokuwisa imithetho kamasipala - imithetho yenqila nemimiselo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho kamasipala ayiyi kunxaxha kuyi nayiphi na imithetho yesizwe.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso - kunyaka ngamnye uhlahlo-mali lukamasipala kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela apha eya kubonisa indlela emayenziwe ngayo nemayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. Umasipala kufuneka aphucule Ã¦ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo lophuhlisoÃ†.
Ukumisela imirhumo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo, irhafu yomhlaba.
Ukubiza imali yeenkonzo - ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomasipala njengamanzi, umbane, amathala eencwadi, njalo-njalo.
Ukumisela izohlwayo - kubantu abaphula imithetho yomasipala, umzekelo, intlawulo ngokuphula umthetho wendlela, ukulahla nje inkunkuma naphi na.
Uboleko-mali - ibhunga lingenza imboleko-mali yokuphuhlisa okanye ukwenza enye iprojekthi nokusetyenziswa kwempahla kamasipala njengonobambiso.
Ukwenza, ukuphucula nokulungisa izicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zophuhliso (IDP).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.124439.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ndingayijonga ndiyiqinisekise phi imifanekiso ethatyathwe ziikhamera zesantya?
Ndingasihlawula njani isohlwayo sam sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasihlawula na isohlwayo sesiphoso sendlela koomatshini beebhanki?
Ukuba uthi uhlawule ngaphambi kosuku olukhankanyiweyo, ungasihlawula isohlwayo sakho sesiphoso sendlela ngetsheki, okanye ngamaphetshana eentlawyulo aseposini kwidilesi ekhankanywe kwitikiti elo lakho.
Le ntlawulo ke ingenziwa ngokuthi umntu aye buqu kweli sebe okanye (fumana idilesi kwisikhundla Esinamasebe Ezendlela ooMaspala) okanye ithunyelwe ngeposi kule dilesi: P O Box 532, eGrabouw, 7160.
Ngenxa yenqanaba lobuqhetseba nobusela kwiCandelo le-Ofisi Yeposi, umntu uyakhuthazwa ukuba ayise ngokwakhe nbuqu loo ntlawulo kweli sebe.
Nceda uqwalasele ke ukuba izohlwayo zeziphoso zendlela zaseTheeeewaterskloof AZINAKHO TU ukuhlawulwa koomatshini bebhanki iFNB, nge-EasyPay, kwizikhululo zamapolisa okanye ezinkundleni.
Nceda ukhankanye inombolo yeso sohlwayo sakho xa usenza le ntlawulo ze uthumele ubungqina book ngefeksi kule nombolo 859 5320.
<fn>GOV-ZA.124481.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho yendlela ezithi zenzeke kuMbindi Karoo - oko ke kukuthi, eBhobhofolo, eLeeugamka naseLaingsburg - ziphantsi kolawulo lweSebe Lezendlela laseLaingsburg. Iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho yendlela ziphantsi kolawulo lwaloo maspala zenzeke kumhaba wakhe.
Ndingafumanisa phi ukuba ndinetyala lesiphoso sendlela endingekalihlawuli?
Ndingawujonga ndiwuqinisekise phi umfanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya?
Ndingasihlawula njani isohlwayo sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasihlawula isohlwayo sam sesiphoso sendlela kumatshini webhanki?
Tsalela iSebe Lezendlela laseLaingsburg kule nombolo yomnxeba 023 551 1890 okanye iziko Lezendlela leli Phondo kule nombolo 023 551 1021. Usenakho kanti nokuthumela I-email kule dilesi laingsburg@ddsonline.co.za ubuze loo nto ungayiqondiyo.
Ungawujonga umfanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukuba ngokwenene nguwe okanye sisithuthi sakho eso sikuwo kwiZiko Loluntu laseLaingsburg Multipurpose, kwikona yeMain neThird Avenue, ukusukela ngentasimbi yethoba ekuseni ukuya ngentsimbi yeshumi elinesibini emini. Ukhumbule ukuza nennombolo yeso sohlwayo oya kuyifumana kwitikiti elo.
Ukuba uhlawula ngaphambi kosuku olukhankanywe kwitikiti elo, ungasihlawula isohlwayo eso ngentsheki, ngemali eziinkozo okanye ngamaphetshana okwenza intlawulo aseposini kwidilesi ekhankanywe apho kuso.
Iitsheki kwakunye namaphetshana okwenza iintlawulo aseposini kufuneka abhalwe egameni likaMaspala waseLaingsburg.
Le ntlawulo ke ungayenza ngokuya ngokwakho buqu kweli sebe lezendlela (fumana ke idilesi kwesi sikhyundla Municipal Traffic Departments) okanye uyithumele ngeposi kule dilesi: Private Bag X4, eLaingsburg, 6900.
Ngenxa ke yobuzaza bobuqhetseba nobusela kwiCandelo Leeposi, umntu uyacetyiswa ukuba aye kuhlawula ngokwakhe kweli sebe lezendlela.
Nceda ke uqwalasele ukuba izohlwayo zeziphoso zendlela ezenzeke eLaingsburg AZINAKHO TUukuhlawulwa koomatshini bebhanki iFNB, nge-EasyPay, kwisikhululo zamapolisa okanye ezinkundleni.
Nceda ke ukhankanye inombolo yesohlwayo eso sakho xa usenza le ntlawulo ze ke ngoku uthumele ngefeksi ubungqina book kule nombolo 023 551 1450.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.124481.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ndingafumanisa phi ukuba ndinetyala lesiphoso sendlela endingekalihlawuli?
Ndingawujonga ndiwuqinisekise phi umfanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya?
Ndingasihlawula njani isohlwayo sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasihlawula isohlwayo sam sesiphoso sendlela kumatshini webhanki?
Ungawujonga umfanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukuba ngokwenene nguwe okanye sisithuthi sakho eso sikuwo kwiZiko Loluntu laseLaingsburg Multipurpose, kwikona yeMain neThird Avenue, ukusukela ngentasimbi yethoba ekuseni ukuya ngentsimbi yeshumi elinesibini emini. Ukhumbule ukuza nennombolo yeso sohlwayo oya kuyifumana kwitikiti elo.
Ukuba uhlawula ngaphambi kosuku olukhankanywe kwitikiti elo, ungasihlawula isohlwayo eso ngentsheki, ngemali eziinkozo okanye ngamaphetshana okwenza intlawulo aseposini kwidilesi ekhankanywe apho kuso.
Ngenxa ke yobuzaza bobuqhetseba nobusela kwiCandelo Leeposi, umntu uyacetyiswa ukuba aye kuhlawula ngokwakhe kweli sebe lezendlela.
Nceda ke ukhankanye inombolo yesohlwayo eso sakho xa usenza le ntlawulo ze ke ngoku uthumele ngefeksi ubungqina book kule nombolo 023 551 1450.
<fn>GOV-ZA.124486.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mithetho yezendlela ezithi ezenzeka eGeorge ziphantsi kweliso leSebe Lezendlela laseGeorge. Iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mithetho yezendlela ezenzeka kwezinye iingingqi ziphantsi kweliso lesebe lezendlela laloo maspala zenzeka emhlabeni wakhe.
Ndingafumanisa phi ukuba ndinamatikiti eziphoso zendlela endingekawahlawuli?
Ndingawujonga ndiwuqinisekise phi umifanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya?
Ndingasihlawula njani isohlwayo sam sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasihlawula na isohlwayo sesiphoso sendlela koomatshini beebhanki?
Bhalela iCandelo Leenkonzo Zendlela laseGeorge kule dilesi geotraf@mweb.co.
Tsalela umnxeba iCandelo Leenkonzo Zendlela laseGeorge kule nbombolo 044 878 2400.
Ungaya kujonga uqinisekise umfanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya kwiCandelo Leenkonzo Zendlela laseGeorge elikuMgaqo iMission, ePacaltsdorp, okanye nge-Internet kwesi sikhundla www.labattraffic.com. Kuya kufuneka ke unikezele ngenombolo epheleleyo yeso siphoso ebonakala kwitikiti olithunyelweyo kwakunye nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi sakho.
Ukuba uhlawula ngaphambi kosuku lokugqibela olukhankanywe kwitikiti elo, ungasihlawula isohlwayo eso sakho ngetsheki, ngemali eziinkozo okanye ngephetshana lokwenza intlawulo laseposini ze ulithumele kwidilesi ekhankanywe kwelo tikiti.
Intlawulo ungayenza ngokuthi uye ngokwakho buqu kweli sebe lezendlela (fumana idilesi kwisikhundla Esinamasebe Ezendlela ooMaspala) okanye ke uyithumele kule dilesi yeposi: P O Box 2, ePacaltsdorp, 6534.
Ngenxa ke yezinga lobuqhetseba nobusela kwicandelo leeposi, ayikhuthazwa into yokuthumela imali eziinkozo ngeposi.
Ukuba usebenzisa iFirst National Bank, unakho ukulihlawula itikiti lakho kuyo nayiphi na iATM yale bhanki, usebenzisa inombolo yakho ekwelo tikiti.
Nceda uqwalasele ke ukuba iSebe Lezendlela laseGeorge alizamkeli ngqo iintlawulo ngosuku lokuvela enkundleni okanye emva kolu suku olukhankanywe kwitikiti elo. Ukuba uthe akwaya kuvela enkundleni ngosuku obubekelwe ukuya kuvela ngalo, tsalela umnxeba isebe lezendlela ze ufumanise ukuba wenzeni na ukusukela apho.
Ewe. Ungalihlawula itikiti lakho lesohlwayo kwisiphoso sendlela olifumene eGeorge (eGeorge kuphela, ngaphambi kosuke lokuya kuvela enkundleni) ngokuthi usebenzise umtshini webhanki, ngaphambi kosuku lokuya kuvela enkundleni kuphela, uyithumele kule akhawunti.
Nceda unikezele inombolo yesohlwayo eso xa usenza le ntlawulo ze uthumele ngefeksi ke ubungqina boko kule nombolo 044 878 1422.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.124486.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ndingasihlawula njani isohlwayo sam sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasihlawula na isohlwayo sesiphoso sendlela koomatshini beebhanki?
Ukuba uhlawula ngaphambi kosuku lokugqibela olukhankanywe kwitikiti elo, ungasihlawula isohlwayo eso sakho ngetsheki, ngemali eziinkozo okanye ngephetshana lokwenza intlawulo laseposini ze ulithumele kwidilesi ekhankanywe kwelo tikiti.
Intlawulo ungayenza ngokuthi uye ngokwakho buqu kweli sebe lezendlela (fumana idilesi kwisikhundla Esinamasebe Ezendlela ooMaspala) okanye ke uyithumele kule dilesi yeposi: P O Box 2, ePacaltsdorp, 6534.
Ngenxa ke yezinga lobuqhetseba nobusela kwicandelo leeposi, ayikhuthazwa into yokuthumela imali eziinkozo ngeposi.
Nceda uqwalasele ke ukuba iSebe Lezendlela laseGeorge alizamkeli ngqo iintlawulo ngosuku lokuvela enkundleni okanye emva kolu suku olukhankanywe kwitikiti elo. Ukuba uthe akwaya kuvela enkundleni ngosuku obubekelwe ukuya kuvela ngalo, tsalela umnxeba isebe lezendlela ze ufumanise ukuba wenzeni na ukusukela apho.
Nceda unikezele inombolo yesohlwayo eso xa usenza le ntlawulo ze uthumele ngefeksi ke ubungqina boko kule nombolo 044 878 1422.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12458.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Photographs copyright South African Tourism.
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseStellenbosch obandakanya iStellenbosch, iFranschoek nePniel.
Fumana okunye ngeenkonzo ezingundoqo ezinikezelwa nguMaspala waseStellenbosch okanye ufumanise ngamaziko kamaspala afumanekayo.
Ukuwisa imithetho yoomaspala (imithetho nemimiselo yezixeko) ngayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho yoomaspala ayinakungquzulana nayiphi na imithetho kazwe-lonke.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso. Minyaka le uHlahlo Lwabiwo-mali kufuneka luwisiwe, luchaze ukuba imali iza kuvela ze isetyenziswe njani. Umaspala ngamnye kufuneka aphucule esakhe iSicwangciso Sophuhliso Oluhlanganyelweyo (IDP).
Ukukhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo: irhafu yezakhiwo.
Ukuhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo ngokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zikamaspala ezifana namanzi, umbane namathala eencwadi.
Ukukhupha iintlawulo kubantu abaphula imithetho yoomaspala, umzekelo: iintlawulo zezothutho okanye iintlawulo zokungcolisa ngokulahla inkukuma apho kungafanelanga.
Ukuboleka imali. Ibhunga lingaboleka imali kuba lifuna ukwenza umsebenzi wophuhliso okanye omnye nje umsebenzi yaye livumelekile ukuba linikezele ngempahla kamaspala njengesiqinisekiso sokuba liya kuyihlawula loo mali.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.12458.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuwisa imithetho yoomaspala (imithetho nemimiselo yezixeko) ngayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho yoomaspala ayinakungquzulana nayiphi na imithetho kazwe-lonke.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso. Minyaka le uHlahlo Lwabiwo-mali kufuneka luwisiwe, luchaze ukuba imali iza kuvela ze isetyenziswe njani. Umaspala ngamnye kufuneka aphucule esakhe iSicwangciso Sophuhliso Oluhlanganyelweyo (IDP).
Ukukhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo: irhafu yezakhiwo.
Ukuhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo ngokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zikamaspala ezifana namanzi, umbane namathala eencwadi.
Ukukhupha iintlawulo kubantu abaphula imithetho yoomaspala, umzekelo: iintlawulo zezothutho okanye iintlawulo zokungcolisa ngokulahla inkukuma apho kungafanelanga.
Ukuboleka imali. Ibhunga lingaboleka imali kuba lifuna ukwenza umsebenzi wophuhliso okanye omnye nje umsebenzi yaye livumelekile ukuba linikezele ngempahla kamaspala njengesiqinisekiso sokuba liya kuyihlawula loo mali.
<fn>GOV-ZA.125285.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Indlela entsha necocekileyo yokuvelisa yemizi-mveliso iyayiguqula indlela esenza nesisebenzisa ngayo izinto, ngokuzenza zibe namandla angakumbi nokunqanda ukungcolisa indalo engqongileyo. Oku ke kusekelwe kumgaqo wokuthintela ingxaki ingekafiki. Oku kusenokukhokelela kwiinguqu ezimandla ezingqondweni zabantu kwanakwiindlela abenza ngayo izinto. Eli phepha linikezela ngeengcebiso ngendlela onokonga ngayo umbane, wonge amanzi ze unciphise nenkukuma.
" Kutshiswa ikilogram yelahle ngeyure nganye yekilowatt yombane osetyenzisiweyo."
"Amanzi yindalo enqabileyo yaye iNtshona Kapa ayisenazo iindawo ezinokufanela ukwakhiwa kwamadama."
Ziya kuba mbini kuphela iimeko apho kugcwaliswa amadama ngamanzi kule minyaka mibini izayo!
"Ihlabathi livelisa umlinganiselo weetoni ezine zomoya omdaka, umntu ngamnye, ngonyaka, abemi boMzantsi Afrika bona bavelisa umlinganiselo olishumi lweetoni zalo moya mdaka, umntu ngamnye, ngonyaka."
Khusela igiza yakho ngokuthi uyigqume ngengubo yegiza ze wonge imali ephakathi kweeponti ezintlanu nezilishumi ngenyanga.
Faka isixhobo esibalayo kwigiza yakho ngenjongo yokuthintela ukubilisa amanzi ongazokuwasebenzisa. Oku kungakongela ukuya kufikelela kumashumi amabini ekhulwini kwityala lakho lombane lenyanga.
Fakela isixhobo sokubilisa amanzi esisebenzisa ilanga. Oku kubyibonakalisa imbuyekezo yokonga umbane ngexesha elifikelela kwiminyaka esibhozo yaye isebenzisa indlela enokuphinda isebenziseke kwixesha elizayo.
Ingakumbi xa uzakhela indlu, le yindlela eyonga ngokumandla. Apha wonga ngokwengqikelelo ephakathi kwamashumi amabini namane ekhulwini kwityala lakho lombane lenyanga.
Zicime izibane xa uhambayo.
Ngokukhusela umphezulu wendlu yakho ungonga isiqingatha sombane wokushushubeza.
Khusela iindonga nemigangatho yakho kakuhle, okanye ke usebenzise izixhobo zokwakha eziwongayo umbane.
Le ilandelayo ke yeminye yemizekelo yezinto ezinokwenziwa ekhayeni lakho ukulenza libe nokuwonga amanzi.
Ngokuthi unciphise amanzi okugungxula indlu yakho yangasese ungonga ukuya kufikelela kumashumi amabini ekhulwini amanzi owasebenzisayo ngonyaka ungakhange ube kanti uyasokola emsebenzini wawo. Ungafakela indlela egungxula kabini okanye kaninzi. Isixhobo sokugungxula kabini sineendlela ezimbini nezicwangcisiweyo zokugungxula - isicwangciso esikhupha amanzi amancinci kumchamo ze athi kratya kwizinto eziqinileyo. Indlela yokugunxula kaninzi ke yona ikuvumela ukuba ugungxule nantoni nokuba ingakanani na - ubhekelisela emva nje isixhobo sokugungxula ze iziyekele xa igqibile.
Ngokufakela isixhobo sokumpompela amanzi angwevu (asuka kumatshini wokuhlamba impahla, kwisitya samanzi, kwishawa nakwibhafu) kwisitiya sakho ngenjongo yokusinkcenkceshela. Oku kungakongela amanzi owasebenzisayo ngamashumi amathathu anesihlanu ekhulwini, amakhaya amaninzi kufuneka asuse nesidingo sokongeza amathuba okunkcenkceshela izitiya zawo. Ezi ndlela zokonga ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi zibiza malunga nama-R4 500 ukufakelwa, kodwa ayakuyibonakalisa imbuykezo ekongeni amanzi kwiminyaka nje emibini.
Ukufakela iishawa ezisezantsi kungakongela amanzi owasebenzisayo ngamashumi amahlanu ukuya kwasixhenxe anesihlanu ekhulwini. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo ziyafumaneka, ngokuxhomekeka ke kwindlela ofuna ukuzisebenzisa ngayo. Ukuhlamba ngeshawa yeyona ndlela iwongayo amanzi kunokuhlamba ngesitya sokuhlambela, nkqu nangaphandle kwezi ntloko zeeshawa.
Iziciko zeemopmpo ziyakucutha ukuchiphiza kwamanzi ngamashumi amahlanu ukuya kwangamashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu ekhulwini. Ngokwesiqhelo, amanzi amaninzi kwezi mpompo aphuma aye ngqo phantsi angene esinkini engakhange asetyenziswe.
iNtshona Kapa ivelisa inkukuma eninzi kunaleyo imele ukuba iyayilahla. Umntu ngamnye ohlala eKapa ukhupha i1.6 yeekilograms zenkukuma ngosuku. Amanzi ehla ezindongeni nasemhlabeni angcolisa amanzi asemhlabeni kwakunye nehlabathi. La manqaku alandelayo akunika nje umqondo wezinto ezinokwenziwa ekhayeni lakho ukunciphisa inkukuma eniyivelisayo.
Phinda usebenzise kangangoko kwinkukuma yakho. Ezi mveliso zilandelayo zingaphinda zisetyenziswe: iphepha, iglasi, iitoti, iiplastiki, imveliso zomgquba, kwakunye ne-oli yezithuthi. Akho amazibuko okulondoloza inkukuma elahliweyo kuthotho lwezikolo okanye imibutho. Qhagamshelana nomaspala wakho okanye incwadi yakho yeenombolo zomnxeba ukuze ufumane iziko elilondoloza inkukuma elikufutshane nawe. Sebenzisa inkqubo yomgqomo owahlula-hlulwe kabini okanye kathathu. Le ke yimigqomo yasekhayeni eyahlula-hluliweyo ukwenzela ukufaka iintlobo ezithile zenkukuma ukwenzela kube lula ukonga inkukuma. Iinkukuma ezahlukeneyo nezilondolozekayo zingafakwa kumacandelo ahlukeneyo anemibala eyahlukileyo.
Yenza umgquba inkukuma yakho engumgquba (ekukutya neyasesitiyeni) Lo mgquba ungasetyenziswa esitiyeni ngokuthi uhlanganiswe nomhlaba ukuphucula ubume bomhlaba lowo. Wangeza umhlaba ochumileyo yaye unikezela ngezakhi eziza kuncedisa ekukhuleni kakuhle nangokukhawuleza kwezityalo.
Phinda uzisebenzise izitya ebezithwele ukutya ze uqinisekise ukuba izinto ozithengayo azigcwelisanga ziplastiki. Ukuba kunjalo, khalaza! Loo nto ibonakalisa ukuhlakanipha.
Ukuba uyahombisa, khetha iipeyinti neevanishi ezingenamachiza.
Wucime umabonwa-kude wakho endaweni yokuwushiya ukwimo emileyo - oomabonwa-kude abashiywe bekwimo yokuma basadla ikota yombane eziwudlayo xa zisetyenziswayo.
Musa ukubilisa iketile yonke yamanzi xa uza kusebenzisa ikopi enye kuphela apho, bilisa amanzi oza kuwasebenzisa kuphela.
Sebenzisa izithuthi zikawonke-wonke okanye uhambe ngeenyawo okanye uqhube ibhayisekile xa usiya emsebenzini okanye evenkileni. Qhuba isithuthi esincinci njengoko siza kusebenzisa amafutha amancinci sona, sikhuphe ukungcola kancinci yaye sidinga imali encinci xa silungiswa kunezo zikhulu.
Ngenxa yokuba izitiya ezi zidinga amanzi amaninzi, kubalulekile ke ukuqwalasela imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela ewongayo. Ezi ndlela zikwadinga umsebenzi omncinci kunezitiya eznkulu.
Lima izityalo eziwongayo amanzi - ezona zityalo zithenjiweyo ke ekongeni amanzi zezo zizezaloo ngingqi ngokwemvelo njengoko zingadingi kuphinda zinkcenkceshelwe.
Beka izityalo ngokwamaqela ngokwendlela eziwatya ngayo amanzi - oku kuthintela ukuchitha amanzi kwizityalo ezingawadingiyo.
Qwalasela umgangatho nohlobo lwesitiya sakho, ngoko ke cingisisa umbono wokucutha isitiya sakho.
Phucula umhlaba nomhlaba - indlela umhlaba wakho owonga ngayo amanzi iyaphuculeka ngumgquba omninzi. Ukugquma umhlaba ngodka oluninzi, umgquba, istro, njalo-njalo zigcina umhlaba wakho ufume nangakumbi.
Lima ngexesha lonyaka elifanelekileyo - kwiinginqi ezifumana iimvula ebusika, elona xesha lifanelekileyo nguKwindla nalapha ekuqaleni kobusika ukuze izityalo ezo zibe nethuba lokuntdhula iingcambu zazo phambi kwexesha lonyaka elomileyo. Kwiingingqi ezifumana iimvula ehlotyeni, elona xesha lifanele ukulima yintwasa-hlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Nkcenkceshela ngendlela efanelekileyo - musa ukunkcenkceshela kanye ligqatse ubhobhoyi ilanga okanye kwiimeko ezivuthuzayo. Enye yezona ndlela zonga amanzi zokunkcenkceshela yileyo yokusebenzisa umbhobho wokunkcenkceshela - le ndlela amashumi amabini anesihlanu ekhulwini amanzi asetyenziswa kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zokunkcenkceshela, futhi inkcenkceshela kakuhle, yaye futhi isenokufakwa ngaphantsi kwengca.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.125720.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ulonyulo Loomaspala luya kube lungomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yoKwindla apha ku-2006 ukusukela ngentsimbi yesixhenxe ekuseni ukuya ngeyesixhenxe ngokuhlwa.
Wonke ummi woMzantsi Afrika obudala buyiminyaka eli-18 nangaphezulu nokubhaliseleyo ukuvota angavota ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yoKwindla ka-2006. Ukuba akubhalisanga, akuyi kuba nakho ukuvota kolu lonyulo.
Uya kuvota kweso sithili wabhalisela ukuvota kuso.
Tyelela eli phepha kwiwebsite yeKomishoni Ezimeleyo Yolonyulo.
Tyelela eli phepha kwiwebsite yeKomishoni Ezimeleyo Yolonyulo.
Ndidinga ntoni ukuze ndibenokuvota?
Uya kudinga incwadana yakho yesazisi eluhlaza efakwe ikhowudi yokubhalisa.
Oomaspala abakhulu bathi bahlulwe babe zizithili zooceba ezimbini.
Ivoti enye kuMgqatshwa wesithili sikaCeba: Apha ke uvotela umntu, umgqatshwa kwisithili sakho, ongazigqatsa ezimele okannye abe phantsi kombutho othile.
Uvotele iBhunga Likarhumente Wekhaya kube kanye: Le voti ke yeyombutho. Umbutho ufumana abameli kwiBhunga lalo Rhulumente.
Ivoti enye enye kwiBhunga Lesithili: Le voti ke yona iya kumbutho oya kukumela kwiBhunga likaMaspala Wesithili. Amabhunga Ezithili ajongana nolawulo lwesithili eso sinamabhunga ekhaya amaninzi.
Zintandathu iingingqi zeenqila eMzantsi Afrika - iSixeko saseRhawutini, Ekurhuleni, iTshwane, Ethekwini, iNelson Mandela kunye neSixeko saseKapa. Ezi ngingqi ziphantsi kolawulo lwamabhunga Eenqila. Amabhunga Eenqila anooceba bezithili nabameli bamaqela.
Ivoti enye yoMgqatswa Wesithili: Le voti ke yeyomntu, umgqatswa wesithili, onokuzigqatsa ezimele okanye phantsi kobutho wakhe.
Ivoti enye yoMbutho: Le voti ke yeyombutho oza kukumela kwiBhunga Lenqila. Umbutho ngamnye ufumana inani lezihlalo kwiBhunga Lenqila ngokweevoti ezifumeneyo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.125720.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wonke ummi woMzantsi Afrika obudala buyiminyaka eli-18 nangaphezulu nokubhaliseleyo ukuvota angavota ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yoKwindla ka-2006. Ukuba akubhalisanga, akuyi kuba nakho ukuvota kolu lonyulo.
Uya kuvota kweso sithili wabhalisela ukuvota kuso.
Uya kudinga incwadana yakho yesazisi eluhlaza efakwe ikhowudi yokubhalisa.
Oomaspala abakhulu bathi bahlulwe babe zizithili zooceba ezimbini.
Uvotele iBhunga Likarhumente Wekhaya kube kanye: Le voti ke yeyombutho. Umbutho ufumana abameli kwiBhunga lalo Rhulumente.
Ivoti enye enye kwiBhunga Lesithili: Le voti ke yona iya kumbutho oya kukumela kwiBhunga likaMaspala Wesithili. Amabhunga Ezithili ajongana nolawulo lwesithili eso sinamabhunga ekhaya amaninzi.
Ivoti enye yoMgqatswa Wesithili: Le voti ke yeyomntu, umgqatswa wesithili, onokuzigqatsa ezimele okanye phantsi kobutho wakhe.
Ivoti enye yoMbutho: Le voti ke yeyombutho oza kukumela kwiBhunga Lenqila. Umbutho ngamnye ufumana inani lezihlalo kwiBhunga Lenqila ngokweevoti ezifumeneyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12594.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseCape Agulhas obandakanya iNapier, iBredasdorp neStruisbaai.
nokuwisa imithetho kamasipala - imithetho yenqila nemimiselo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho kamasipala ayiyi kunxaxha kuyi nayiphi na imithetho yesizwe.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso - kunyaka ngamnye uhlahlo-mali lukamasipala kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela apha eya kubonisa indlela emayenziwe ngayo nemayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. Umasipala kufuneka aphucule Ã¦ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo lophuhlisoÃ†.
Ukumisela imirhumo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo, irhafu yomhlaba.
Ukubiza imali yeenkonzo - ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomasipala njengamanzi, umbane, amathala eencwadi, njalo-njalo.
Ukumisela izohlwayo - kubantu abaphula imithetho yomasipala, umzekelo, intlawulo ngokuphula umthetho wendlela, ukulahla nje inkunkuma naphi na.
Uboleko-mali - ibhunga lingenza imboleko-mali yokuphuhlisa okanye ukwenza enye iprojekthi nokusetyenziswa kwempahla kamasipala njengonobambiso.
Ukwenza, ukuphucula nokulungisa izicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zophuhliso (IDP).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.126980.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
uMphathiswa Wezemfundo waKwaZulu-Natal, u-Ina CronjÃ© uya kube enikezela ngeSibane Soxolo kugxa wakhe waseNtshona Kapa, uCameron Dugmore, ngomso (ngoLwesihlanu umhla we-10 apha kwinyanga yoKwindla) kumsebenzi owodwa oya kube ubanjelwe kwiSikolo Samabanga Aphezulu iBreÃ«rivier eVostile, ngentsimbi ye12 emini.
Uyamenywa ke ukuba uze kuzimasa lo msebenzi eVostile noyingxenye yephulo lokwazisa uluntu ngeenzame zokunqanda ubundlobongela obujoliswe kumanina nabantwana.
Ezinye izithethi ziya kuquka iNtloko yeSebe Lezemfundo leNtshona Kapa uRon Swartz, kwakunye noMlawuli weCandelo Lesini Nokulingana leli Sebe Lezemfundo, uNksz. Ramagoshi.
Nceda ke undazise ukuba uya kukwazi na ukuzimasa. Sinethemba lokuba siya kuhlangana nawe kulo mcimbi.
Ukuba unemibuzo onayo, nceda uqhagamshelane noGert Witbooi kule nombolo 082 550 3938, okanye uPaddy Attwell kule 083 261 7699.
Tyelela iwebsite yethu: http://wced.wcape.gov.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.12702.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseMossel Bay obandakanya iHerbertsdale, iFriemersheim, iGreat Brak River, neMossel Bay.
nokuwisa imithetho kamasipala - imithetho yenqila nemimiselo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho kamasipala ayiyi kunxaxha kuyi nayiphi na imithetho yesizwe.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso - kunyaka ngamnye uhlahlo-mali lukamasipala kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela apha eya kubonisa indlela emayenziwe ngayo nemayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. Umasipala kufuneka aphucule Ã¦ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo lophuhlisoÃ†.
Ukumisela imirhumo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo, irhafu yomhlaba.
Ukubiza imali yeenkonzo - ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomasipala njengamanzi, umbane, amathala eencwadi, njalo-njalo.
Ukumisela izohlwayo - kubantu abaphula imithetho yomasipala, umzekelo, intlawulo ngokuphula umthetho wendlela, ukulahla nje inkunkuma naphi na.
Uboleko-mali - ibhunga lingenza imboleko-mali yokuphuhlisa okanye ukwenza enye iprojekthi nokusetyenziswa kwempahla kamasipala njengonobambiso.
Ukwenza, ukuphucula nokulungisa izicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zophuhliso (IDP).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.12756.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yase-Oudtshoorn obandakanya i-Oudtshoorn, iDysselsdorp neDe Rust.
Ukuwisa imithetho yoomaspala (imithetho nemimiselo yezixeko) ngayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho yoomaspala ayinakungquzulana nayiphi na imithetho kazwe-lonke.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso. Minyaka le uHlahlo Lwabiwo-mali kufuneka luwisiwe, luchaze ukuba imali iza kuvela ze isetyenziswe njani. Umaspala ngamnye kufuneka aphucule esakhe iSicwangciso Sophuhliso Oluhlanganyelweyo (IDP).
Ukukhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo: irhafu yezakhiwo.
Ukuhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo ngokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zikamaspala ezifana namanzi, umbane namathala eencwadi.
Ukukhupha iintlawulo kubantu abaphula imithetho yoomaspala, umzekelo: iintlawulo zezothutho okanye iintlawulo zokungcolisa ngokulahla inkukuma apho kungafanelanga.
Ukuboleka imali. Ibhunga lingaboleka imali kuba lifuna ukwenza umsebenzi wophuhliso okanye omnye nje umsebenzi yaye livumelekile ukuba linikezele ngempahla kamaspala njengesiqinisekiso sokuba liya kuyihlawula loo mali.
Fumana okunye ngeenkonzo ezingundoqo ezinikezelwa nguMaspala waseOudsthoorn okanye ufumanise ngamaziko kamaspala afumanekayo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.12756.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuwisa imithetho yoomaspala (imithetho nemimiselo yezixeko) ngayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho yoomaspala ayinakungquzulana nayiphi na imithetho kazwe-lonke.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso. Minyaka le uHlahlo Lwabiwo-mali kufuneka luwisiwe, luchaze ukuba imali iza kuvela ze isetyenziswe njani. Umaspala ngamnye kufuneka aphucule esakhe iSicwangciso Sophuhliso Oluhlanganyelweyo (IDP).
Ukukhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo: irhafu yezakhiwo.
Ukuhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo ngokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zikamaspala ezifana namanzi, umbane namathala eencwadi.
Ukukhupha iintlawulo kubantu abaphula imithetho yoomaspala, umzekelo: iintlawulo zezothutho okanye iintlawulo zokungcolisa ngokulahla inkukuma apho kungafanelanga.
Ukuboleka imali. Ibhunga lingaboleka imali kuba lifuna ukwenza umsebenzi wophuhliso okanye omnye nje umsebenzi yaye livumelekile ukuba linikezele ngempahla kamaspala njengesiqinisekiso sokuba liya kuyihlawula loo mali.
<fn>GOV-ZA.12783.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseBitou obandakanya iPlettenberg Bay yodumo.
nokuwisa imithetho kamasipala - imithetho yenqila nemimiselo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho kamasipala ayiyi kunxaxha kuyi nayiphi na imithetho yesizwe.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso - kunyaka ngamnye uhlahlo-mali lukamasipala kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela apha eya kubonisa indlela emayenziwe ngayo nemayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. Umasipala kufuneka aphucule Ã¦ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo lophuhlisoÃ†.
Ukumisela imirhumo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo, irhafu yomhlaba.
Ukubiza imali yeenkonzo - ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomasipala njengamanzi, umbane, amathala eencwadi, njalo-njalo.
Ukumisela izohlwayo - kubantu abaphula imithetho yomasipala, umzekelo, intlawulo ngokuphula umthetho wendlela, ukulahla nje inkunkuma naphi na.
Uboleko-mali - ibhunga lingenza imboleko-mali yokuphuhlisa okanye ukwenza enye iprojekthi nokusetyenziswa kwempahla kamasipala njengonobambiso.
Ukwenza, ukuphucula nokulungisa izicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zophuhliso (IDP).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.12837.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseLaingsburg obandakanya iLaingsburg.
nokuwisa imithetho kamasipala - imithetho yenqila nemimiselo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho kamasipala ayiyi kunxaxha kuyi nayiphi na imithetho yesizwe.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso - kunyaka ngamnye uhlahlo-mali lukamasipala kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela apha eya kubonisa indlela emayenziwe ngayo nemayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. Umasipala kufuneka aphucule Ã¦ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo lophuhlisoÃ†.
Ukumisela imirhumo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo, irhafu yomhlaba.
Ukubiza imali yeenkonzo - ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomasipala njengamanzi, umbane, amathala eencwadi, njalo-njalo.
Ukumisela izohlwayo - kubantu abaphula imithetho yomasipala, umzekelo, intlawulo ngokuphula umthetho wendlela, ukulahla nje inkunkuma naphi na.
Uboleko-mali - ibhunga lingenza imboleko-mali yokuphuhlisa okanye ukwenza enye iprojekthi nokusetyenziswa kwempahla kamasipala njengonobambiso.
Ukwenza, ukuphucula nokulungisa izicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zophuhliso (IDP).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.12864.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yasePrince Albert obandakanya iLeeu Gamka nePrince Albert.
nokuwisa imithetho kamasipala - imithetho yenqila nemimiselo malunga nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho kamasipala ayiyi kunxaxha kuyi nayiphi na imithetho yesizwe.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso - kunyaka ngamnye uhlahlo-mali lukamasipala kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela apha eya kubonisa indlela emayenziwe ngayo nemayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. Umasipala kufuneka aphucule Ã¦ucwangciso oluhlanganisiweyo lophuhlisoÃ†.
Ukumisela imirhumo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo, irhafu yomhlaba.
Ukubiza imali yeenkonzo - ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomasipala njengamanzi, umbane, amathala eencwadi, njalo-njalo.
Ukumisela izohlwayo - kubantu abaphula imithetho yomasipala, umzekelo, intlawulo ngokuphula umthetho wendlela, ukulahla nje inkunkuma naphi na.
Uboleko-mali - ibhunga lingenza imboleko-mali yokuphuhlisa okanye ukwenza enye iprojekthi nokusetyenziswa kwempahla kamasipala njengonobambiso.
Ukwenza, ukuphucula nokulungisa izicwangciso ezihlanganisiweyo zophuhliso (IDP).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.12891.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseBeaufort West obandakanya iBeaufort West.
UMasipala weNgingqi yaseBeaufort West obandakanya iBeaufort West, iMerweville ne- Nelspoort.
Fumana okunye ngeenkonzo ezingundoqo ezinikezelwa nguMaspala waseBeaufort West okanye ufumanise ngamaziko kamaspala afumanekayo.
Ukuwisa imithetho yoomaspala (imithetho nemimiselo yezixeko) ngayo nayiphi na imisebenzi abanoxanduva lwayo. Imithetho yoomaspala ayinakungquzulana nayiphi na imithetho kazwe-lonke.
Ukuphucula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali nezicwangciso zophuhliso. Minyaka le uHlahlo Lwabiwo-mali kufuneka luwisiwe, luchaze ukuba imali iza kuvela ze isetyenziswe njani. Umaspala ngamnye kufuneka aphucule esakhe iSicwangciso Sophuhliso Oluhlanganyelweyo (IDP).
Ukukhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo nezinye iirhafu, umzekelo: irhafu yezakhiwo.
Ukuhupha iintlawulo zeenkonzo ngokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zikamaspala ezifana namanzi, umbane namathala eencwadi.
Ukukhupha iintlawulo kubantu abaphula imithetho yoomaspala, umzekelo: iintlawulo zezothutho okanye iintlawulo zokungcolisa ngokulahla inkukuma apho kungafanelanga.
Ukuboleka imali. Ibhunga lingaboleka imali kuba lifuna ukwenza umsebenzi wophuhliso okanye omnye nje umsebenzi yaye livumelekile ukuba linikezele ngempahla kamaspala njengesiqinisekiso sokuba liya kuyihlawula loo mali.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.128948.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Incwadi yabo equlethe iinkcukacha ngezifundo inikezela ngoluhlu olugcweleyo lwezifundo ezifutshane ezinikezelwa apha kwakunye nesikhokelo samaxesha ezi zifundo zenyanga.
Ezi zifundo ke zinikezelwa kuphela ukuba inani eliqingqiweyo labafundi lithe lafaka izicelo zokwamkelwa kwezi zifundo, ngokwesiqhelo eli nani liba sisibhozo ubuncinci ze ubukhulu libe ngamashumi amabini anesihlanu abafundi. Izifundo zinganikezelwa nakwenye indawo engesiso esi sikolo sase-Elsenburg ukuba izixhobo nezinye nje iimfuno ezifanelekileyo zikho. Kuye kubekho ke namanye amathuba oqeqesho emva kweli kwiifama okanye ke angenziwa amalungiselelo okuya kwezinye iindawo ngentlawulo ethile.
Izixhobo zokufunda zifumaneka ngesiNgesi nesiBhulu, okanye ke ngolwimi oluthandwe nguloo mfundi uza kube ethabatha inxaxheba. Abafaki-zicelo abangathanda ukuzifumana ngolunye ulwimi ezi zifundo kuya kufuneka benze amalungiselelo okufumana umguquleli.
Ezi zifundo ke zihambelana nemigangatho eqinisekiswe yavunywa yi-SAQA yelo candelo yaye abathabathi -nxaxheba bangavavanywa (okanye bafumane iimviwo) ngokomgangatho osetyenziswayo yokuvavanya. Aba bafundi bathabatha inxaxheba ke bayazithandela ukuba bavavanywe na okanye bangavavanywa. Abafundi abangavavanywayo, okanye abathi bangaluphumeleli uvavanyo, bathi bafumane Isiqinisekiso Sokuzimasa, ngelixa abo bathe baluphumelela uvavanyo bona bethiwa jize ngeZiqinisekiso Zokugqwesa bakusiqukumbela isifundo ngasinye. Aba ke bona bakwafumana namanqaku emigangatho yeli candelo enikezelwa zezi zifundo.
Abafundi abathabatha inxaxheba kwezi zifundo kuya kufuneka bagcwalise iphetshana lokubhalisa.
Ubhaliso lwezi zifundo luvala kwiiveki ezimbini ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwezifundo ezo. Abathabathi-nxaxheba bangazihlawula iintlawulo ezifunekayo ngqo kwi-akhawunti yebhanki yeli okanye ke kweli ziko loqeqesho ngethuba lokubhalisa.
Iziqinisekiso zabantu ababhalisileyo kwezi zifundo zithunyelwa kubathabathi-nxaxheba emva kokuba ifunyenwe intlawulo. Abathabathi-nxaxheba badinga iincwadana zabo zezazisi ngethuba lokubhalisa.
Ijntlawulo ke ziyahluka, kuxhomekeka ekubeni zinikezelwa phi na.
Ezi ntlawulo ke ziquka iVAT yaye akukho zimbuyekezo ziya kunikezelwa kubantu abathi barhoxe kwisithuba seveki ngaphambi kosuku lokuqaliswa kwezi zifundo. Izixhobo Zokufunda ziyanikezelwa ke nazo.
Izifundo Zoqoqosho Kwezolimo / Nolawulo Lwezolimo zona ziya kunikezelwa ekuhambeni konyaka kwalapha ku-2006.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.128948.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Incwadi yabo equlethe iinkcukacha ngezifundo inikezela ngoluhlu olugcweleyo lwezifundo ezifutshane ezinikezelwa apha kwakunye nesikhokelo samaxesha ezi zifundo zenyanga.
Ezi zifundo ke zinikezelwa kuphela ukuba inani eliqingqiweyo labafundi lithe lafaka izicelo zokwamkelwa kwezi zifundo, ngokwesiqhelo eli nani liba sisibhozo ubuncinci ze ubukhulu libe ngamashumi amabini anesihlanu abafundi. Izifundo zinganikezelwa nakwenye indawo engesiso esi sikolo sase-Elsenburg ukuba izixhobo nezinye nje iimfuno ezifanelekileyo zikho. Kuye kubekho ke namanye amathuba oqeqesho emva kweli kwiifama okanye ke angenziwa amalungiselelo okuya kwezinye iindawo ngentlawulo ethile.
Izixhobo zokufunda zifumaneka ngesiNgesi nesiBhulu, okanye ke ngolwimi oluthandwe nguloo mfundi uza kube ethabatha inxaxheba. Abafaki-zicelo abangathanda ukuzifumana ngolunye ulwimi ezi zifundo kuya kufuneka benze amalungiselelo okufumana umguquleli.
Ezi zifundo ke zihambelana nemigangatho eqinisekiswe yavunywa yi-SAQA yelo candelo yaye abathabathi -nxaxheba bangavavanywa (okanye bafumane iimviwo) ngokomgangatho osetyenziswayo yokuvavanya. Aba bafundi bathabatha inxaxheba ke bayazithandela ukuba bavavanywe na okanye bangavavanywa. Abafundi abangavavanywayo, okanye abathi bangaluphumeleli uvavanyo, bathi bafumane Isiqinisekiso Sokuzimasa, ngelixa abo bathe baluphumelela uvavanyo bona bethiwa jize ngeZiqinisekiso Zokugqwesa bakusiqukumbela isifundo ngasinye. Aba ke bona bakwafumana namanqaku emigangatho yeli candelo enikezelwa zezi zifundo.
Abafundi abathabatha inxaxheba kwezi zifundo kuya kufuneka bagcwalise iphetshana lokubhalisa.
Ubhaliso lwezi zifundo luvala kwiiveki ezimbini ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwezifundo ezo. Abathabathi-nxaxheba bangazihlawula iintlawulo ezifunekayo ngqo kwi-akhawunti yebhanki yeli okanye ke kweli ziko loqeqesho ngethuba lokubhalisa.
Iziqinisekiso zabantu ababhalisileyo kwezi zifundo zithunyelwa kubathabathi-nxaxheba emva kokuba ifunyenwe intlawulo. Abathabathi-nxaxheba badinga iincwadana zabo zezazisi ngethuba lokubhalisa.
Ijntlawulo ke ziyahluka, kuxhomekeka ekubeni zinikezelwa phi na.
Ezi ntlawulo ke ziquka iVAT yaye akukho zimbuyekezo ziya kunikezelwa kubantu abathi barhoxe kwisithuba seveki ngaphambi kosuku lokuqaliswa kwezi zifundo. Izixhobo Zokufunda ziyanikezelwa ke nazo.
Izifundo Zoqoqosho Kwezolimo / Nolawulo Lwezolimo zona ziya kunikezelwa ekuhambeni konyaka kwalapha ku-2006.
<fn>GOV-ZA.129742.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.129744.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.130046.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
IPasika lelona xesha lingcwele kunyaka wengqobhoko yoodade nabanakwethu abangamaKristu. Ilixesha elinobutyebi ngokwasemoyeni nangokwezithethe, intsusa yayo yeyamandulo kwizikhumbuzo zokuqala zokubanjwa, zokusiwa enkundleni yamatyala, zokufa nokuvuka kukaYesu.
Ukwakheka kwePasika kumaKristu amaninzi kuqalela kuLwesithathu woThuthu, uthuthu lwalaa mahlamvu ebesetyenziswe kunyaka ogqithileyo kumngcelele weNkonzo yamaHlamvu, uthuthu luqatywa kumabunzi amaKristu njengomqondiso womnqamlezo ukuze lube luphawu lokuzohlwaya. Ixesha eliziintsuku ezingama-40 phakathi koLwesithathu woThuthu neNkonzo yamaHlamvu kuthiwa yiLent, oko kukuthi lixesha leNzilo, liqwalaselwa njengexesha lokuzidela nelemfundiso kwezomoya.
Ngosuku oluyiCawa yamaHlamvu kukhunjulwa ukungena kukaYesu eYerusalem ngempumelelo nangemigcobo, izihlwele ezazingamahlwempu zazimazisa njengeKumkani yeHlabathi, zada zaphakamisa amahlamvu okumhlangabeza zimamkela. Ngobusuku bangoLwesine kwiVeki eNgcwele eyalandelayo noxa kwakunjalo, uYesu wabhiyozela "isiDlo sokuGqibela" okanye "iPasika yamaYuda" enabadisipile okanye abapostile bakhe ababelishumi elinambini, emva koko wabanjelwa isityholo sokungcatsha esathandaza esiTiyeni iGetsemane, wakhohliswa waza wathengiswa nguJudaskariyothi.
UYesu wagwetyelwa ukufa ngokuxhonywa emnqamlezweni, isigwebo sawiswa ziinkokeli zezopolitiko nazezengqobhoko okanye inkolo yelo xesha. Wawuthwala ngokwakhe umnqamlezo esiya kwiNdawo yoKhakhayi ngaphandle kwesixeko, kulapho waxhonywa emnqamlezweni namasela amabini ngoLwesihlanu oLungileyo. Ngeli xesha ezindaweni zokukhonza buyasuswa bonke ubuyokoyoko ezindongeni nakwezinye iindawo ezihonjisiweyo zeso sakhiwo, ukususwa kwezo zihombiso kuthetha ukungabikho kukaYesu. Ngokwesithethe amaqebengwana ashushu aluphawu lokuxhonywa emNqamlezweni, anikezelwa ngoLwesihlanu oLungileyo.
AmaKristu akhumbula "amaZwi asiXhenxe asemNqamlezweni" , akhumbula zonke iziganeko zobungangamsha zaloo Lwesihlanu uLungileyo ngemithandazo. Olo sizi lukhulu lokubingwa kukaYesu njengomnikelo lukwaluloyiso jikelele lokuxolelanisa izidalwa ezingabantu noThixo.
Noxa kwakunjalo ngeCawa yePasika, uMary Magdalene wabhaqa ingcwaba elingenamntu, ukuvuka kukaYesu esoyisa ukufa kuko okungunobangela wovuyo olukhulu oludibene nombulelo. Amaqanda ePasika ayanikezelwa eluphawu lwengcwaba elingenamntu.
Bonke abaza kuluthathela kubo olu hambo lwasemoyeni lukaYesu, ndibanqwenelela ixesha lentsingiselo enkulu nokukhula emoyeni. UYesu uyahlonitshwa, uthandwa zizo zonke iinkolo, okanye ngawo onke amaBandla, Yena usifundisa ukuba sizuza lukhulu ngokulilungiselela ixesha elizayo nangaphezu kokufuna uzuko lwasemhlabeni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.130046.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UYesu wagwetyelwa ukufa ngokuxhonywa emnqamlezweni, isigwebo sawiswa ziinkokeli zezopolitiko nazezengqobhoko okanye inkolo yelo xesha. Wawuthwala ngokwakhe umnqamlezo esiya kwiNdawo yoKhakhayi ngaphandle kwesixeko, kulapho waxhonywa emnqamlezweni namasela amabini ngoLwesihlanu oLungileyo. Ngeli xesha ezindaweni zokukhonza buyasuswa bonke ubuyokoyoko ezindongeni nakwezinye iindawo ezihonjisiweyo zeso sakhiwo, ukususwa kwezo zihombiso kuthetha ukungabikho kukaYesu. Ngokwesithethe amaqebengwana ashushu aluphawu lokuxhonywa emNqamlezweni, anikezelwa ngoLwesihlanu oLungileyo.
Bonke abaza kuluthathela kubo olu hambo lwasemoyeni lukaYesu, ndibanqwenelela ixesha lentsingiselo enkulu nokukhula emoyeni. UYesu uyahlonitshwa, uthandwa zizo zonke iinkolo, okanye ngawo onke amaBandla, Yena usifundisa ukuba sizuza lukhulu ngokulilungiselela ixesha elizayo nangaphezu kokufuna uzuko lwasemhlabeni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.130534.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
uFebruwari 2007, Uhlobo loxwebhu: pdf; ubukhulu: 1.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.130948.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi nkxaso-mali ke kootitshala abasele benezifundo ezingu-REQV 11, 12, 13 okanye u-14 abaqeshwe isigxina leli Sebe Lemfundo leNtshona Kapa.
Iinkxaso-mali zokufunda ezi zinikezelwa phantsi komqathango wokuba umntu lowo uza kusbenzela eli sebe, ngamanye amazwi ke, kuya kufuneka uhlale usebenza apha kwiNtshona Kapa njengomfundisi-ntsapho isithuba seminyaka oxhaswe ngayo ngezimali leli sebe.
Indlela Yokufaka Isicelo iSebe Lemfundo eli liya kuthumela incwadi yalo echaza yonke into ngale nkxaso-mali kwizikolo apho liya kube ligaya izicelo kootitshala abanokuba nomdla ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.130957.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abafundi abaphumelela ibanga leshumi ze babe nomdla ekubeni ngabahlohli bezifundo Zezibalo Nenzululwazi bangafaka izicelo zokufunda isigxina kwiSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Kapa. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zikwavulelekile nakubafundi abasele bekumaziko em fundo ephakamileyo abanomnqweno wokuba ngabahlohli kula macandelo.
Abafaki-zicelo kufuneka babe ngabantu abahlala isigxina kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa, babe nakho ukubonisa ukuba ngokwenene bayaludinga olu ncedo lwezimali ze bamkeleke kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo abanqwenela ukufunda kuwo. Abantu abasuka kwiingingqi ebezisa kuhleleleka ngaphambili bayakhuthazwa ukuba bazifaka ezi zicelo.
Ezi njxaso-mali ke zihlawulela iincwadi kwakunye nezifundo kwisithuba seminyaka emine kwiDyunivesithi yaseKapa, iDyunivesithi yaseStellenbosch, iDyunivesithi yeNtshona Kapa okanye ke eCape Peninsula University of Technology. Apho umfundi abonisa ukuludinga kakhulu olu ncedo, le nkxaso-mali ingayihlawulela nendawo yokuhlala.
Iinkxaso-mali ezi zinikezelwa phantsi komqathango wokuyibuyisa ngokusebenza le mali, ngamanye amazwi ke, abafundi abaxhamlayo kule nkxaso-mali kuya kufuneka basebenze njengabahlohli apha kwiNtshona Kapa isithuba seminyaka efikelela kuleyo bayifumene ngaso le nkxaso. Kuluxanduva lomfundi ngamnye ke ukuzifumanela umsebenzi wokufundisa, nangona eli Sebe nalo ke liyakwenza konke okusemandleni nje ukusifumana esi sithuba.
Ngokwesiqhelo ke amaphepha okufaka ezi zicelo afumaneka ukusukela kwinyanga yeSilimela kunyaka ophambi kwalowo uphambi kokuqaliswa kwezifundo. Khawucele elinye lala mapepha ke kwi-ofisi yeenkxaso-mali okanye yoncedo-mali ekwisikolo okanye idyunivesithi yakho.
Izicelo ezi ke zidla ngokuvala ekupheleni kwenyanga yoMsintsi kunyaka ophambi kwalowo wokuliswa kwezifundo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.130957.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abafundi abaphumelela ibanga leshumi ze babe nomdla ekubeni ngabahlohli bezifundo Zezibalo Nenzululwazi bangafaka izicelo zokufunda isigxina kwiSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Kapa. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zikwavulelekile nakubafundi abasele bekumaziko em fundo ephakamileyo abanomnqweno wokuba ngabahlohli kula macandelo.
Abafaki-zicelo kufuneka babe ngabantu abahlala isigxina kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa, babe nakho ukubonisa ukuba ngokwenene bayaludinga olu ncedo lwezimali ze bamkeleke kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo abanqwenela ukufunda kuwo. Abantu abasuka kwiingingqi ebezisa kuhleleleka ngaphambili bayakhuthazwa ukuba bazifaka ezi zicelo.
Iinkxaso-mali ezi zinikezelwa phantsi komqathango wokuyibuyisa ngokusebenza le mali, ngamanye amazwi ke, abafundi abaxhamlayo kule nkxaso-mali kuya kufuneka basebenze njengabahlohli apha kwiNtshona Kapa isithuba seminyaka efikelela kuleyo bayifumene ngaso le nkxaso. Kuluxanduva lomfundi ngamnye ke ukuzifumanela umsebenzi wokufundisa, nangona eli Sebe nalo ke liyakwenza konke okusemandleni nje ukusifumana esi sithuba.
Ngokwesiqhelo ke amaphepha okufaka ezi zicelo afumaneka ukusukela kwinyanga yeSilimela kunyaka ophambi kwalowo uphambi kokuqaliswa kwezifundo. Khawucele elinye lala mapepha ke kwi-ofisi yeenkxaso-mali okanye yoncedo-mali ekwisikolo okanye idyunivesithi yakho.
Izicelo ezi ke zidla ngokuvala ekupheleni kwenyanga yoMsintsi kunyaka ophambi kwalowo wokuliswa kwezifundo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.131.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.131108.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Yontoni Enokubuyiselwa Kwisimo Sokusebenza?
Leliphi Iphepha Endinokuphinda Ndilisebenzise?
Yeyiphi Iglasi Endinokuphinda Ndiyisebenzise?
Yontoni Enokubuyiseleka Kwisimo Sokusebenziseka?
Esi sikhokelo siyakukucacisela ukuba leliphi na iphepha, iplastiki, intsimbi, neglasi enokubuyiselwa kwisimo sokusebenza. Iitoti neebhotile ezigcina izinto zokucoca iplastiki eqinileyo efana naleyo isetyenziselwa ukufaka iHandy Andy, ibleach, isepha engamanzi yokuhlamba izitya, isithambisi-mpahla ezasendlini zoba nakho, yaye zifakwe kwiindawo zenkukuma.
iimagazini ezenziwe ngezinto ezincangathi nemifanekiso encangathi ziyabuyiseleka kwisimo sokusebenziseka, ukuba nje azivalwanga ngaplastik yaye ezinye ezi zona zimdaka kakhulu futhi zifuna thina bantu.
Ingaphinda Isetyenziswe njani Inkukuma?
Hlamba ze uvase zonke izinto ezidinga ukuhlanjwa kumanqanaba afanelekileyo.
Iitoti neebhotile ezigcina izinto zokucoca iplastiki eqinileyo efana naleyo isetyenziselwa ukufaka iHandy Andy, ibleach, isepha engamanzi yokuhlamba izitya, isithambisi-mpahla.
When your glass, paper, metal and plastic bags are full, drop them off at the Iitoti neebhotile ezigcina izinto zokucoca iplastiki eqinileyo efana naleyo isetyenziselwa ukufaka iHandy Andy, ibleach, isepha engamanzi yokuhlamba izitya, isithambisi-mpahla.
Ezi zilandelayo ke azinakubuyiseleka.
Iijagi zokutya ijam esetyenzisiweyo, eyemayonnaise, eyetomatyo sause.
Qwalasela ke: Pulushisisa ze womise iibhotile weziqulethe ooamamsi asd s akwainye nezinye zizo. Ungaliushiya iphepha elo lifumaneka kwiglasi.
Iitoti zokutya ezi ke kufuneka zihlanjwe.
QWALASELA KE: Ambalwa kakhulu amazibuko okubuyisela izinto kwisimo. Tsalela ke eli ziko lenkuma ukuse.
HAYI izinto zokusongela zingabuyiselaka zona.
Ezi zixhobo zingaphinda zisebenziseke kwakhona, ukuba akuqinisekanga ngoku, tsalela izibuko ukuze ufumanise.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.131108.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sikhokelo siyakukucacisela ukuba leliphi na iphepha, iplastiki, intsimbi, neglasi enokubuyiselwa kwisimo sokusebenza. Iitoti neebhotile ezigcina izinto zokucoca iplastiki eqinileyo efana naleyo isetyenziselwa ukufaka iHandy Andy, ibleach, isepha engamanzi yokuhlamba izitya, isithambisi-mpahla ezasendlini zoba nakho, yaye zifakwe kwiindawo zenkukuma.
iimagazini ezenziwe ngezinto ezincangathi nemifanekiso encangathi ziyabuyiseleka kwisimo sokusebenziseka, ukuba nje azivalwanga ngaplastik yaye ezinye ezi zona zimdaka kakhulu futhi zifuna thina bantu.
Hlamba ze uvase zonke izinto ezidinga ukuhlanjwa kumanqanaba afanelekileyo.
Iitoti neebhotile ezigcina izinto zokucoca iplastiki eqinileyo efana naleyo isetyenziselwa ukufaka iHandy Andy, ibleach, isepha engamanzi yokuhlamba izitya, isithambisi-mpahla.
Iitoti zokutya ezi ke kufuneka zihlanjwe.
QWALASELA KE: Ambalwa kakhulu amazibuko okubuyisela izinto kwisimo. Tsalela ke eli ziko lenkuma ukuse.
Ezi zixhobo zingaphinda zisebenziseke kwakhona, ukuba akuqinisekanga ngoku, tsalela izibuko ukuze ufumanise.
<fn>GOV-ZA.131576.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Read more about counselling for victims of crime.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.132727.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Seeswal Slot No.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.13276.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Apha kwiNtshona Kapa, wonke ubani othi avelise okanye athwengise utywala kuluntu. Apha kwiNtshona Kapa "usomashishini othengisela abaseli" ngulowo unephepha-mvume lokushishina ngotywala ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iLiquor Act 27 ka-1989 ethengisa ke ngeenjongo zokuba buselwe obu tywala (oko ke kuthetha ukuselwa kobo tywala kumasango alo somashishini anephepha-mvume lokuvumela oko kwanaloo ndawo ingenalo eli phepha-mvume lokuselelwa kobu tywala apho).
iBhodi Yotywala yeNtshona Kapa liqumrhu laseburhulumenteni elijongana nezicelo ze lenze nezigqibo ngokwezi zicelo, ngelixa iCandelo Lolawulo: Elijongene Nemimiselo Yotywala lona lijongana nemicimbi yolawulo kwaneyokuthotyelwa kwanokunyanzeliswa kokuthotyelwa komthetho iLiquor Act.
Ukuba ungumdidiyeli , okanye ke umthuthi kulindeleke ukuba ubhalise kwiCandelo Lesizwe Elijongene Nemicimbi Yotywala.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukuthengisa utywala ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume elikuvumela ukuba wenze oko yaye iNkonzo Yesipolisa soMzantsi Afrika ingamthabathela amanyathelo umntu lowo wenza oko ze ivale nelo shishini lakhe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.13294.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.133015.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Ezinikezelwa nguRhulumente wePhondo Kwicandelo Lezokhenketho?
Ziintoni Ezihlawulayo le Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ingaba kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyisa le Mali?
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ndingasifaka Nnjani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Olunye Ulwazi?
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Ezinikezelwa nguRhulumente wePhondo Kwicandelo Lezokhenketho?
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho linikezela ngokuphangaleleyo iinkxaso-mali zokufunda ezimbini, kuxhomekeke ke ekubeni ziyadingeka na izakhono enikezelelwa zona loo nkxaso-mali kweli phondo.
Ziintoni Ezihlawulayo le Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Inkxaso-mali yaseteknkoni ihlawula izifundo, ngelixa kwiDyunivesithi yaseStellenbosch, le nkxaso-mali ihlawula izifundo, iincwadi, izixhobo, indawo yokuhlala nokutya.
Ingaba kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyisa le Mali?
Hayi. Ezi nkxaso-mali zyizizo ezo kufuneka uzibuyise ngokuphangela, yaye akukho nesenti ekufuneka uyibuyisile kuzo.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Eli Sebe likhetha abafaki-zicelo kuluhlu lwabafundi ababhalisele ezo zifundo. Ngokwesiqhelo ke ukukhethwa kwaba bafaki-zicelo kwenziwa ngenyanga yoMdumba okanye yoKwindla yonyaka wokuqala wezi zifundo.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uyamelana nale miqathango ingentla apha yokufumana le nkxaso-mali, qhagamshelana ne-ofisi ejongana neenkxaso-mali zokufunda yeziko lemfundo okulo.
Ndingalufumana Phi Olunye Ulwazi?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.133015.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Ezinikezelwa nguRhulumente wePhondo Kwicandelo Lezokhenketho?
Ziintoni Ezihlawulayo le Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ingaba kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyisa le Mali?
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ndingalufumana Phi Olunye Ulwazi?
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Ezinikezelwa nguRhulumente wePhondo Kwicandelo Lezokhenketho?
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho linikezela ngokuphangaleleyo iinkxaso-mali zokufunda ezimbini, kuxhomekeke ke ekubeni ziyadingeka na izakhono enikezelelwa zona loo nkxaso-mali kweli phondo.
Ziintoni Ezihlawulayo le Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ingaba kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyisa le Mali?
Hayi. Ezi nkxaso-mali zyizizo ezo kufuneka uzibuyise ngokuphangela, yaye akukho nesenti ekufuneka uyibuyisile kuzo.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Eli Sebe likhetha abafaki-zicelo kuluhlu lwabafundi ababhalisele ezo zifundo. Ngokwesiqhelo ke ukukhethwa kwaba bafaki-zicelo kwenziwa ngenyanga yoMdumba okanye yoKwindla yonyaka wokuqala wezi zifundo.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uyamelana nale miqathango ingentla apha yokufumana le nkxaso-mali, qhagamshelana ne-ofisi ejongana neenkxaso-mali zokufunda yeziko lemfundo okulo.
Ndingalufumana Phi Olunye Ulwazi?
<fn>GOV-ZA.133036.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
iSebe Lemicimbi Yendalo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso linikezela ngeenkxaso-mali zokufunda isigxina ezifikelela kwisihlanu ngonyaka kumacandelo apho kusafuneka izakhono. Ngo-2006, umzekelo, kubekho iinkxaso-mali zokufunda kwicandelo locwangciso-zidolophu kwanezamagosa ajongana nendalo engqongileyo.
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Zizifundo, iincwadi, indawo yokuhlala nokuhamba-hamba ngexesha lezi zifundo. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zezokufunda kwelinye yeeteknioni okanye iidynvesithi ezaziwayo apha kwiNtshona Kapa Ukuba uthi utshone unyaka, kuya kufuneka uphinde ngemali yakho, ze emva kokuba uwuphumelele ke loo nyaka uzihlawulela ngawo, ibuyiswe le nkxaso-mali. Ungasifaka isicelo senye imali (yezixhobo umzekelo) ukuba ukunika isizathu soko.
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zinikezelwa phantsi kwemeko yokuba umxhaswa lo abe uza kuyibuyisa le mali ngokuthi asebenzele eli sebe, ngamanye amazwi ke, kuya kufuneka usebenze kweli phondo isithuba seminyaka elingana naleyo uxhaswe ngayo ngezimali.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Izicelo zovula malunga nenyanga yeDwarha kunyaka ongaphambi kwalowo uceba ukufunda kuwo. Izibhengezo ezazisa ngale nkxaso-mali ziya kuvela kumaphepha-ndaba eli phondo afana neDie Burger, iWeekend Argus kwakunye namanye amaphepha-ndaba asekuhlaleni.
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.13312.services.14707.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ukusekwa kwamaqela oPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho kwinqanaba looMasipala kuza kunceda abasemagunyeni apho ukuba banyusele uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwalapho kwimimandla yabo.
Eli Sebe lincedisa iinkqubo zophuhliso loqoqosho lwasekhaya kulo lonke iPhondo leNtshona Kapa, ngenkxaso yezezimali nangokunikezela ngeengcebiso zeengcali, uncedo kuphuhliso lwesicwangciso soshishino kwakunye nezifundo ngokunokuthi kwenzeke.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.133183.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Enye yeengqondi zenkulungwane le sikuyo enokungazithembi malunga noqhushululu yayingu-Antonio Gramsci [] Ukungazithembi kwakhe kwakuvela ekubeni wayenomonde othile. Lo monde wawungenanto yokwenza kwaphela nokutyeshela okanye nokwaneliseka [...] Umonde wakhe okhethekileyo wawuphuma kwingqiqo yokusebenza okwakungasoze kuphele. Walubona ugubungelo, maxa wambi wayeyilawula imizabalazo yezopolitiko ngexesha lakhe, noxa kunjalo wayengayilibali imvelaphi yesiganeko esasisiya sicaca, ixesha laso laba yiminyaka engabalekiyo. Yaba yiloo nto kanye mhlawumbi eyathintela uGramsci ekubeni, njengabo bonke abaphembi boqhushululu, ekubeni angangumntu owonwabele ixesha elizayo. Wayekholelwa ethembeni nangaphezu kokukholelwa kwizithembiso, ithemba ke lingumbandela wexesha elide.
Le ngqiqo yiyo exhasa intetho kaMongameli Thabo mbeki yokuba uMzantsi-Afrika ukwiNkulungwane yeThemba, iThemba lePhondo leNtshona Koloni lokuba sesiseCicini lokuChuma. Eli Themba alidluli ngqondo yaye aliqhutywa luluvo, kuphela lifumaneke kuwo umonde nakwintsebenzo yoluntu engapheliyo. Lilo elifikisa umntu ngamnye kwisiganeko esimana sicaca, kulapho thina sicwezela kude ekwanelisekeni nakwinkolo yethu.
Ngexesha lokusebenza kwale Khomishoni kwabakho imeko apho uloyiko nobuqhophololo obutsala amehlo bathi galakangqa kwiinyoba zoLawulo [] IKhomishoni iyathemba ukuba abasemagunyeni bakukhuthazeka, bazimisele babe nombono wokuqalisa baze bafake isithethe esifunekayo senguquko kulawulo oluzithi thaca phandle zonke izinto nolukwaziyo ukuluthwala uxanduva.
Ndakuba ndize nentetho yam yokuqala yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali yeSebe leNkulumbuso kunyaka ka-2004, sazimisela ekuphenduleni ucelo-mngeni lokwakha iLizwe lase-Afrika lale Mihla sikuyo ngokuza nesiseko sengqondo esifanele ilizwe ngendlela yophuhliso. Sasiyiqonda into yokuba xa sisuka kuhlobo lwelizwe esalunyukiswa ngaso yiKhomishoni kaDesai, oko kwakufuna ukuba izwekazi eli malifundiswe ukugcina iinjongo zomSebenzi weNkqubo kaZwelonke neeNjongo zoPhuhliso lweNkulungwane kulungiselelwa iPhondo lethu.
Ngoko ke ndibhenela kuni ngoyilo lukarhulumente olusephepheni eliluhlaza olwaluhlanganisiwe, olusebenzisana nezinye iinkqubo zikarhulumente, oluzisabelayo iimfuno zabemi nolwahlulelwano, oluqhagamshelana nehlabathi ngelijongisisa iintshukumo zalo.
KwiNtetho yoHlahlo Lwabiwo-Mali yam ka-2005 yeSebe leNkulumbuso, ndalumkisa ngelithi indlela esingise kuRhulumente woPhuhliso ingafuna iinguqu ezinobunzulu. Ndacebisa ngenkqubo eza kujongisisa ukuphembelelwa kweZiko likaRhulumente. Kuloo nkqubo iZiko eli lingaqwalasela ubugcisa obukhoyo obuvela kwabo baziingqanga bephakathi nangaphandle koLawulo, abanokuxhasa ubunkokeli, baqulunqe umgaqo-nkqubo bakhuthaze nokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo-qhinga.
IsiThethi, kwintetho yam yesithathu yoHlahlo lwaBiwo-Mali njengeNkulumbuso, kule Ndlu ndinganika ingxelo yokuba sesiphumelele kwiinjongo ezintlantlu-mbini, ngoku sesikulungele ukucacisa umboniso olandelayo wesiganeko esicacileyo sokwakha nesokulinika umvuzo iThemba ekuthethwa ngalo ngu-Antonio Gramsci.
Thina kweli Phondo ayisithi sedwa ekufuneka becacise esi siganeko. Siyinxalenye yehlabathi elifuna ukwenza kanye loo nto, ihlabathi elinxanelwe ukuyondelelanisa ithemba ngokunika inkcazelo yendlela ngoChumiso ngendlela yokwaBelana - oko sithi kuliKapa elihlumayo - sakha ukubumbana koluntu sikwathantamisa neyantluko yezithethe - injongo esinayo ke yeyeKhaya Lethu Sonke.
Kutshanje bendimenyiwe ukuba mandizibandakanye nendibano enenkqubela yeenkokeli zehlabathi, obeyibizile nguMongameli Mbeki kwiNdibano yeenkokeli zoLawulo oluneNkqubela. Isizathu sokundimema kungokuba kweli Phondo lethu esikwenzayo kuyahambelana nethemba lehlabathi ekufumaneni indlela yobulungisa kuluntu lonke, uqoqosho olufanelekileyo, iqhinga lokuphila ngexesha lokugrhogrhiswa, lokunganyamezeli nelokuntswinywa kumalungelo athile.
Umsebenzi woluntu ongenasiphelo, njengoko uGramsci ebeya kuzixelela iinkokeli zehlabathi, loo msebenzi ubuya kunyanzelisa ukuba ixesha elizayo lisekelwe kucalu-calulo, kwisicwangciso nakwinkqubo-qhinga. Ucalu-calulo, isicwangciso nenkqubo-qhinga ziyazuza ehlabathini ukuze zithuthele ezikuzuzileyo koorhulumente bemimandla. Iinkcukacha zona ziphuma koorhulumente bemimandla ukuze zithunyelwe ehlabathini jikelele.
Kwimeko yoMzantsi-Afrika iPhondo lethu kufuneka lizihluphile ngokuHlunyiswa kwePhondo nangeNkqubo-qhinga yoPhuhliso (oko okukuthi iPGDS) eqwalasele iNjongo kaZwelonke yoPhuhliso lweeNdawo yaye, iqinisekisa ukuba ziyafana nqo iziCwangciso zoPhuhliso oluManyiweyo loorhulumente bonke beengingqi. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba kuthethwa into enye, kuvumela ukuba sisebenze ngemvisiswano sikwazi ukwakhela abantu bethu bonke ubomi obuphucukileyo..
Kunyaka ophelileyo isebe likamPhathiswa uMufamadi lashicilela izikhokelo zokuba iyintoni na iPGDS.
ukwenziwa kwamalinge kuyinkqubo yangabom yomzekelo weenguqulelo zamagama. Injongo yako kukuguqula iindlela zezithethe, iindlela zokuqiqa nentsingiselo yazo. Oko kuyinto engaphezulu ekuveliseni izigqibo eziyingqokelela. Kumalunga noshenxiso kunye nobumbo olutsha lwezimvo.
Kwiinjongo eziphambili zePGDS kukho umzekeliso wenguqu-magama kwicala lophuhliso ekwabelwanayo ngalo nophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo. Njengoko siqhubela phambili ngolwahlulelwano loluntu nolwabemi bonke silungiselela iinyanga ezizayo ezimbalwa, ndikholelwa ekubeni lo mzekelo wophuhliso ngokwamagama, sakukwazi ukuwenza ngokusesikweni, asiyi kubuya nganeno kuba imbewu yolo phuhliso seyihlwayelwe ziinkqubo zeKapa Elihlumayo ebezisoloko zithukuza eminyakeni embalwa eyadlulayo, oko kuquka iNdibano yeenkokeli ka-2003 yoPhuhliso nobuTyebi.
Umzekeliso wethu wophuhliso ngokwamagama wazisa ukuba ukukhula ngokwabelana nophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo kungazuzwa kuphela xa izinyanzeliso ezihlanu zinokudityaniswa ngenkqubo-qhinga, ngokulingana ukuze konke oko kunyuselwe kwimithetho-siseko yophuhliso.
IPGDS ithi kwimeko yokungaphangeli kwenyambalala yabantu, ukungafani kwezimali ezamkelwa ngabantu ngenxa yobugwenxa, iyantlukwano eluntwini nokuntswinywa kwezoqoqosho kuzwelonke okusuka kuqoqosho lwehlabathi; injongo yethu ephambili mayibe kukuzuza amanqanaba aphezulu okuhluma njengeplanga lokutsiba ukuze sikwazi ukujongana neendidi zemingeni engalawulekiyo.
Amanqanaba aphezulu okuhluma awanelanga xa ewodwa, okona kunyanzelisayo luhlobo lokuhluma. Kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu okuhluma adityaniswa nobulungisa obukhulu eluntwini obuya kuvumela abahlelelekileyo nabo bangabandakanywanga kwezoqoqosho ukuba bazuze iindlela zokuthatha inxaxheba kwezoqoqosho, bazakhele iindlela zokuzixhobisa ezidityaniswa nesiseko sephondo sokhuselo oluliqilima lobutyebi bemvelo. Okokugqibela, ukuhluma makungayenzi mandundu imeko yocalu-calulo lwabantu ngokweendawo abakuzo nangokungayifaneli imisebenzi ethile nanjengoko bekunjalo eminyakeni elishumi yenkululeko. Ukuhluma okanye ukukhula makwenze ubomi bubelula kubantu abaninzi belizwe abanxanelwe ukufikelela kwezoqoqosho, kumathuba okunonophela uluntu, izityalo nezinye izidalwa eziphilayo njengezilo.
IPGDS - iKapa elihlumayo - ichaza indlela iPhondo lethu eliya kuzuza ngayo ukukhula ngokwahlulelana nendlela yophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo. Xa kulandelwa imbono yokudanjiswa kwezikhalazo ezithile, le ndlela yoba yejoliswe ngqo apho kufuneka inkathalelo, amalinge athe chatha otyalo-mali, ubunkokeli obuphucukileyo, igalelo elililo nentsebenziswano kurhulumente weNtshona Koloni.
IPGDS iluvuselelo lwento ebisele izisiwe kule Ndlu njengamalinge asibhozo eKapa elihlumayo: uPhuhliso lweeNdawo, iKapitali yelizwe, iKapitali yomntu, uQoqosho kumashishini amancinane, INkqubo-qhinga kwizibonelelo zeendlela nezinye izinto zoqhagamshelwano, amalinge amathathu oLawulo. Zonke ezi zinto zikhankanyiweyo zifuna enye ingqwalasela, emva koko sophumelela ngokufezekiswa kweenjongo endazixelayo kwiNtetho yam malunga nePhondo eli endayenza ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka njengesiCwangciso esiliDabi loPhuhliso oluManyanisiweyo.
isithethe sokunyamezela, imbeko nokuzimisela; kunye amaziko olawulo asebenzayo.
Noxa kunjalo, izinto ekujoliswe kuzo zehlabathi nezikazwelonke esizilungiselele unyaka ka-2014, zifuna umgangatho ophezulu wamandla okuxhokonxa, ukuzimisela emsebenzini, ubutyebi neetalente. Ngoko ke le nto ithetha ukuba makulandelwe kwamsinyane iindlela ezintlanu zokulungiswa kwemicimbi, zonke zinxulumene nokukhulisa, ezinye zazo bezifuna kusetyenzwe kwakudala, ezinye zithi gqi ekhwapheni kuba sesijongene neenkxwaleko okanye namathuba athile. Ezi ndlela zintlanu zokuhlangula zisetyenziswa yikhabhinethi efuna ukuzimisela koluntu.
Okokuqala, ukujongana nenkxwaleko yeziThuthi zikaWonke-wonke kubonakala njengamagingxigingxi kwicala lezoqoqoqsho, ukuzimisela koluntu jikelele, ukhuseleko loluntu nentembeko yendalo esingqongileyo. Ndikholelwa ekubeni ukuba kukho into ephumelela kuyo iPGDS, mayizise inguqulelo kwimeko yezithuthi zikawonke-wonke. Izicwangciso ezininzi zokuseka mazibe nenkqubo yokumanyanisa, yobuchule obahlukileyo, ekhuselekileyo nekulula ukusebenza ngayo. Indebe yeHlabathi icel' umngeni kuthi, masiqinisekise ukuba iyaqaliswa imisebenzi yokuqala engekafiki unyaka ka-2010. Sinengqiniseko yokuzuza eyona ibalulekileyo ibhakana yokufumana isongezo sezimali ezinokutyalwa kwizibonelelo zothutho ngolwamkelo lwexeshana lwerhafu yezibaso yeNtshona Koloni. IKhomishoni yeziMali zikaRhulumente seyithe sisaqhuba kakuhle ngokongeza izimali zethu yaye nophando lwethu lufanelekile. Le yimpumelelo enkulu emva kweminyaka emine. Phofu sisazimisele ukusoloko sicebisana nabo.
Okwesibini, ngokwandisa amathuba arhangqe iNdebe yeHlabathi ka-2010 ngokubhekiselele kukhenketho olukhulayo nakumacandelo anxulumene noko oqoqosho lwemimandla yethu, ukukhuthaza ulutsha ukuba lukhethe iindlela zokuphila ezinika ubomi, nokuqalisa kwamsinyane utyalo-mali olufunekayo kwizibonelelo ukuze baqukuqele abantu kunye nempahla. Eli bhongo selivuselelwe ngamandla okuya phambili yimvumelwano yakutshanje ezuzekileyo phakathi kwam noSodolophu yokuba ukusekwa kwesithuthi esikhethekileyo makube sisicelo esithunyelwa kuwiso-mthetho lwephondo.
Ubume bethu kwiPGDS bakuvezwa kwinyanga ezayo ukuze uluntu lusebenze.
IPGDS yiyona ndlela yolungelelwaniso ingundoqo nefanele eli phondo, imele ukujongwa njengenkqubo-qhinga yokusebenza nonxulumaniso. Ngokuqhutywa liphondo elikhokelwa yiNkulumbuso, oku makusekwe njengomzamo osisongezelelo nowahlanganisela ezingxoxweni onke amaqela.
Xa sifumene oku kweli phondo lethu sikhokelelwa kwiPGDS, ngoku ndifuna ukuguqukela kwiindlela zokusebenza ekufuneka sizisekile size sizikhande ngokutsha ukuze kuqaliswe ngelinge lethu lophuhliso olufanele iPhondo eli..
IPGDS ngokwesiseko imalunga nokulungelelanisa, ukudibanisa nomanyaniso kuwo onke amacandelo karhulumente wephondo, phakathi kweendawo zikarhulumente, phakathi koogunyaziwe bakazwelonke, phakathi kukarhulumente nabo anxulumene nabo ngobuqabane.
Oku kungakho kuphela ngeziko lomgaqo-nkqubo elingqongqo phakathi kanye kurhulumente. Oku kufuna iKhabhinethi ezimiseleyo enakho ukuqhubela phambili inkqubo-qhinga yeKapa elihlumayo ngexesha lokunyubelezela kwalo kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo nangezenzo zabasebenzi kwiphondo. Kule meko sizinzise inkqubo entsha yeKhabhinethi ejoliswe kumalinge. Yona ibukela indlela yokwenziwa kwezinto ngolungelelwaniso.
Inkqubo entsha yeKhabhinethi ixhaswa ngumgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ovumelana nayo. Inkqubo yesebe lam yokuvuselela seyizise iqela elivuselelayo lomgaqo-nkqubo kurhulumente. Ekusekweni nasekusebenzeni kwayo, eli ziko litsha lomgaqo-nkqubo kwiSebe lam lakusebenzisa amandla ocalucalulo lwezoqoqosho nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwi-Ofisi kaNondyebo wePhondo nakwiqela labacalu-caluli bakamasipala kwiSebe leZindlu noRhulumente womMandla. Khona ngoku ezi ndawo zintathu sezifundisene ukusebenzisana zabulola nobugcisa bazo ekuphuhlisweni kwePGDS.
Oko kukuthi kunyaka olandelayo sakubona kugxigxiniswa ngocwangciso olunentsingiselo phakathi kurhulumente nokuzimisela kweli phondo okusekwe kwiNSDP nakwiPGDS. Ngokuhexa kwezopolitiko koomasipala abaninzi beli phondo, ndizimisele ukusebenzisa izixhobo zomThetho we-IGR ukuze kubekho inzolo nozinzo ndiqinisekise ngokunonophelwa konikezelo lweenkonzo ukuze elowo asebenzise ingqondo yokufikelela kwiinjongo ezingamalinge ePGDS, iKapa elihlumayo. Ngenxa yokuba sinoorhulumente bemimandla abalawulwa yimbumba, ngezo nguqu zinokuqhutyelwa phambili zezo mbumba, loo nto ayithethi ukuba uluntu maluxhwaleke lungabi nabuchule bokwenza izinto, malusilele kunikezelo lweenkozo okanye ezopolitiko zibe semngciphekweni.
IPCF iya kukhuthaza ulungelelwaniso lwemisebenzi karhulumente, lwamasebe kazwelonke, iindawo zikarhulumente namashishini emicimbi ekhethekileyo abenzeli abakhoyo kwiphondo eli, injongo kukuzinikela kwiinguqu ezibalulekileyo zenqila yeNtshona Koloni ukuze ezo zinto zibonakaliswe kakuhle zamkeleke nakumgaqo-nkqubo wesiyilelo sikazwelonke, kwiinkqubo, kwimibhalo yokuqala yoncedo lwemali nakwiiprowujekhthi, nokuphonononga igalelo elingapheziyo lophuhliso kwiNtshona Koloni njengoko sisiya phambili kwicala lokunikezela.
IsiYilelo soPhuhliso lweeNdawo zePhondo sasilumkisa kwakunyaka ophelileyo ngendlela yenzululwazi ngezelizwe engunobangela wokuhlaliswa kwabemi, kulapho agxile khona amathuba ezoqoqosho negalelo laloo ntshukumo kubutyebi bemvelo obukweli phondo. Ukuba le mibandela ingazezona zizathu zokusebenza kwePGDS, oko kuthetha ukuba imida yezopolitiko ayingebi yeyona ndlela iluncedo ekucwangciseni uphuhliso lokuChumisa ngendlela yokwaHlulelana. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na into, uChumiso ngokwaHlulelana nophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo lunganengqiqo yenzululwazi ngezelizwe eya kutyhoboza kuloo mida yezopolitiko koomasipala.
Kweli inqanaba into evelayo yimiMandla emiThathu yoCwangciso loPhuhliso. IQumrhu leNkulumbuso leeNgxoxo zoLungelelwaniso kwamsinyane kwakufuneka lixoxe ngokubekwa kwale miMandla ngokusesikweni ukuze kuncediswe ekukhuliseni ngokufanelekileyo kuphuhliselwe ulungelelwaniso oluphucukileyo kuxhokonxwe iindlela zenkcitho notyalo-mali ngokuhlakaniphileyo.
Kwakhona sakuwuqinisa siwuzinzise njengomzi wethu osemandleni ezoqoqosho. Nangoku ama-85% erhafu eyongeziweyo kweli phondo avela kule ngingqi.
Le nto ithetha ukuba kufuneka sibe nonxulumelwano olunzulu nabezoshishino, oko makungapheleli kwiPhondo eli. INtshona Koloni ijongene nokhuphiswano oluya phambili ukususela kwiimveliso esizithengise kwamanye amazwe ngokwesithethe phofu, sijongene nemingeni exhalisayo evela kwamanye amazwe afana neNew Zealand (kwiifilimu) ne-India (ekukhupheni umsebenzi weenkqubo zoshishino). Noxa kunjalo ilizwe lethu lithandeka kakhulu kangangokuba iinkokeli zehlabathi, ezikazwelonke nezikwimimandla yethu zinomdla wokusebenzisana nathi zisicebisa. IQumrhu elinjalo labaCebisi lakubizelwa kwiindibano xa unyaka sowuza kuphela, oko kwakufana nqwa namanqwanqwa esakuthathela kuwo siphucule uqoqosho lwethu sikwazi nokufikelela kwezo zinto kujoliswe kuzo.
Olunye uncedo oluqaqambileyo kulawo ahlukileyo eNtshona Koloni lolokuba sineeDyunivesithi ezine ezizezalapha, ukanti sikwanalo nophawu lweDyunivesithi yoMzantsi-Afrika, (i-Unisa ukutsho oko). Kanti ke sicothile ekuwusebenziseni lo mthombo uxabisekileyo. Xa ubusiya esiphelweni unyaka ophelileyo siwabizile onke amaSekela-Ngqonyela eedyunivesithi sifuna ukuxoxa ngendlela esinokuhlobana ngayo kwicala loncedo.
Ukususela ngoko sekukho intsebenziswano neCHEC, oko kukuthi iNtlangano yamaQumrhu eMfundo ePhakamileyo yaseKoloni emele iiDyunivesithi, injongo kukuqulunqa iNkqubo yokuSebenzisana ngokuKhula ngendlela yokwaBelana kweli phondo. Lo msebenzi uza kuphelela kwiNdibano yeeNkokeli zamaZiko eMfundo ePhakamileyo kuRhulumente wePhondo xa uza kuphela lo nyaka. Kuloo Ndibano sakuba neMvumelwano yeMbumba eya kunceda kulungelelwaniso phakathi kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo zeeDyunivesithi neNkqubo-qhinga yobuGcisa obuNqongopheleyo ukuze kufezekiswe imizamo yeKapa eliHlumayo.
Ulwahlulelwano ngokwamalinge nabatyali-mali abaphambili kunye needyunivesithi lufezekisa iinjongo zabasebenzisanayo bamaziko, bolwahlulelwano nabothetha-thethwano kwiPDC. Ngonyaka ka-2006 umsebenzi wethu uya kugxila kwiPGDS. Le nkqubo iya kubandakanya uthotho lwemisebenzi namacandelo onke abemi ukuze sikwazi ukwakha isiseko esiqaqambileyo ngokwentando nemvumelwano yoluntu, inkqubo yokuchuma ngokwahlulelana nenkqubo yophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo. Izalathisi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo, nezolawulo lwePGDS zizo eziza kuwomeleza umsebenzi wePDC kuba imisebenzi iya kuxhomekeka kwezona zinto ziphambili kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali nokwenzekayo kwisebe.
Zonke iinjongo, amalinge nolwahlulelwano lwakuba ngamampunge ngaphandle kokuba singaziqinisekisa ngamandla kaRhulumente. Besisoloko sijongene nalo mngeni ngokugqibeleleyo nangeendlela ezithile ukususela mhla ndaqalisayo ukusebenza. Lilonke sendikwinqanaba lokunika ingxelo ngenkqubela ebhadlileyo malunga nalo mbandela.
Eburhulumenteni zakubanawo amandla okunamathela kumgaqo-nkqubo nolungelelwaniso ngexa ziqwalaselwe yiPGDS. Ziza kukhokela ekulamleni kwintaphane yezinto zamaxabiso ezizezomntu nezoluntu luphela ukuze kubekho ingqwalasela kwezi zinto zilandelayo: ubuchule okanye ubugcisa, uqhelaniso, amandla okuziphatha nawokulolonga kwezoLawulo kuqinisekiswa ngentsebenziswano eneziqhamo kwiNkqubo yoChumiso ngendlela yokwaBelana.
Kwakhona ezi nkokeli zintsha zikwangabameli bePhondo kwicandelo labasebenzi ekubhaleni nasekufundeni amanani abazelweyo, ababhubhileyo nabagulayo eNtshona Koloni. Ngoku sesiqeshe abantu abangama-46 ekubeni izikhundla ezikhoyo zingama-53. Kwezo zingama-46 ama-31 eepesenti ngama-Afrika, iipesenti ezingama-45 ngabeBala, abeLungu baziipesenti ezingama-24. Kwezo zikhundla zingama-46 ngo-2004 sibe nenkqubela yokuba ne-9% engabantu ababhinqileyo, kanti ngoku sebeyile kuma-33% abantu ababhinqileyo. Apho urhulumente kufuneka ekhawuleze wanabameli kusebantwini abakhubazekileyo okanye abayimilwelwe. La manani eemeko zabantu azise umahluko kwiimeko ezitenxileyo nezizodwa endaba phantsi kwazo eminyakeni emibini egqithileyo, ingakumbi kwiimeko apho um-Afrika wayemnye kuphela endandinaye njengenkokeli. Kwezi zikhundla ziseleyo sakuzama ukuphucula inkqubo yabameli ingakumbi abeBala kunye nabantu ababhinqileyo nangona loo nto singazokuyinyanzelisa.
Isithethi sithi, oyena ndoqo wohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwam lwesithathu njengeNkulumbuso beluzungeleze iPGDS, ezingqondweni ndilungiselela iNtshona Koloni kuChumiso ngendlela yokwaBelana. Oku kungenzeka kuba sesiqalisile ngeminye kwimisebenzi enzima yokuguqula imimiselo kweli Phondo.
Kanti nokuba siyathetha apha namhlanje, okukhawulezileyo esimele ukuba sikwenze kuyankenteza kulo lonke eli Phondo. Ebantwini abaninzi kusagquba ubuhlwempu, ukungaqeshwa, ubundlobongela nezifo eziphuma apho. Kukho amadabi emihla ngemihla phakathi kwabemi abaqhelekileyo nabanye abanje ngamapolisa kunye nabo banenkolelo yokuba iimeko zokuhleleleka nokuhlupheka kwabo zibanika ilungelo lokwaphula umthetho. Ndibhekisa kwizikrelemnqa, abanamashishini okuthengisa iziyobisi, kwakhona ndibhekisa kwendinovelwano ngabo ngenxa yomsebenzi oyingozi abaxakeke nguwo, lowo wokukhusela thina nangona bezuza imivuzo ephantsi kakhulu. Malunga nogwayimbo olusemthethweni lokufezekisa iinjongo ezithile, kukho abasuke baziphatha ngendlela esenze samangaliswa asathemba nokuba bangakwazi na ukugcina into ekuthiwa lixabiso kweli Phondo. Andiyithandabuzi into yokuba xa sikhokelwa ngamapolisa, sakuqhubela phambili ekukhuseleni iinkokeli zethu, abemi beli lizwe, abasebenzisa izithuthi zikawonke-wonke mihla le, ukuhluma kwethu, konke oko kokhuselwa kulwaphulo-mthetho.
Isithethi sithi, eminyakeni edlulileyo ibe mininzi imingeni kwinjongo yethu yokwenza eli Phondo libe liKhaya Lethu Sonke. Inkqubo yonyulo lukaRhulumente womMandla iyibuyisele emva imvisiswano ebiphakathi kweentlanga nokubumbana koluntu ebesisoloko sifuna ukulwakha. Iziphumo zonyulo nobumbano olungenasizinzo zisisoyikiso kuzinzo ebelusekwe nzima kweli Phondo. Okubalulekileyo kukuba likhona ithinzi lamacala amabini achaseneyo, ukuzithi gu bucala nokwahlukana eNtshona Koloni.
Ingaba oku kuthetha ukuba seyiwe phantsi yaye ayisenakuzameka injongo yeKhaya Lethu Sonke Xa uNkosi Albert Luthuli le njongo waqala ngokuyifezekisa ngezigalo, kangangeminyaka engamashumi amathathu kwaqalisa imbubho ebuhlungu yabantu elizweni. Xa kusetyenziswa ubuchule bukaGramsci bokuba elo themba lifezekiswa emva kweminyaka emininzi, kufuneka thina sibambane ngamandla kusetyenzwe nzima ukuze siziqinisekise ngeKhaya Lethu Sonke?
Ngokunjalo sakubhiyozela iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu okugxalathelana koomama kwi-Union Buildings, oko kukuthi izakhiwo zikaRhulumente. Asizokwanela ukubonisa ukunganeliseki kwabo njengabantu ababhinqileyo ababephantsi koRhulumente weNgcinezelo, siza kubeka ilungelo labo lokuba ngabemi abafaniswa nqo nabanye abantu nabaza kumanyaniswa noluntu kude kube ngunaphakade.
Kule mibhiyozo yomibini, amaSebe kaRhulumente wePhondo asebenza nzima ezimisele ukunikezela ngento endiyithathe njengenxalenye yePhulo lokuBulela kulutsha nakumakhosikazi. Ngoku ndibiza le Ndlu, abemi nemibutho yeli Phondo ukuba kunyulwe abo - nokuba sekukudala babhuba okanye basaphila - nyulani kulutsha nakumakhosikazi, abo nikholelwa ekubeni bayifanele imbeko enokuboniswa yiNtshona Koloni kubemi bayo ukuze umzekelo oqulathe amagama abo siwuphakamisele phezulu njengeempawu zenkululeko, zomanyano lwethu neentsika zeKhaya Lethu Sonke.
<fn>GOV-ZA.13330.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
<fn>GOV-ZA.133387.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Nceda ke uthumele ngeposi iphepha elinesicelo sakho esigcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo kuNksz K Mongane, Investing in Culture, Private Bag X897, ePitoli, 0001.
iSebe Lephondo Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko Nezemidlalo, ngokweli linge Lokutyala Kwinkcubeko, lifuna izicelo zenkxaso-mali kumaphulo enkcubeko.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo Senkxaso-mali?
ne-Accelerated Shared Growth Initiative-South Africa (iASGI-SA).
Eyona njongo kukuqinisekisa ukuba izakhono neemalike ziyafikeleleka njengesixhobo sokkwakha ngokutsha iingingqi ezisezidolophini, uphuhliso lwamaphandle ndawonye nokudalwa kwamathuba engqesho.
Kuya kuqalwa ngabantu abasuka kwiindawo ebeziyahlelelekile ngaphambili.
Amaphulo lawo kufuneka abe nento yokwenza nobugcisa, inkcubeko nelifa lemveli.
Kufuneka kubekho ubungqina obucacileyo babantu abaza kuzuza kumaphulo, acace amathuba okuvela kwezakhono okanye ukuba nakho ukufunda.
Iimveliso neenkonzo zephulo elo kufuneka zibe kumgangatho ophakamileyo yaye kufuneka zithengiseke ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwemida yeli lizwe.
imveliso ezo kufuneka zikwazi ukuzimela.
Amaphulo kufuneka ahambelane neemfuno zemithetho elawula imicimbi ekumila kunje.
Amaphulo kufuneka Amaphulo la kufuneka asebenze ngendlela eyamkelekileyo.
Amaphulo kufuneka asekwe kwiingingqi ezithwaxwa kakhulu yintlupheko kwakunye neengingqi ezidinga ingqwalasela ekhawulezileyo kwiphondo.
Projects should be community driven and owned or directly benefit the community in terms of either jobs, training or partnerships.
Amaphulo asebenzisa izixhobo ezikrwada kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ezo zixhobo azizibeki sichengeni izityalo yaye asebenzisa iindlela zokuvuna eziyixhasayo indalo engqongilyo.
La maphulo kufuneka abe nomnqweno wokuseka ishishini elincinci okanye amashishini ngeenjongo zokudala amathuba engqesho.
La maphulo kufuneka abe angakwazi ekuhambeni kwexesha ukuxhasa nokuphakamisa ukhenketho.
Amaphulo kufuneka asekelwe kwinkcubeko yabantu baloo ngingqi.
Amanina, ulutsha kwakunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo kufuneka baqwalaselwe kuqala.
Abathunywa, iingcali ezizimeleyo okanye nabaphi na abantu abanikezela ngeenkonzo ezithile abakwazi kuba kwangabo baza kuzuza kwelo phulo.
Amaphulo kufuneka axhase iinkqubo zikarhulumente ze zihambelane neNkqubo Eyandisiweyo Yemisebenzi Yoluntu, iAccelerated Shared Growth Initiative-South Africa (iASGI-SA), Isicwangciso-qhinga seli Phondo Sokukhula Nophuhliso, Inkqubo Yesicwangciso Esihlanganisiweyo Yophuhliso, Inkqubo Ebonakalayo Yophuhliso Lweengingqi Ezisemaphandleni kwakunye neNkqubo Yokwakhiwa Ngokutsha Kweengingqi Ezisezidolophini.
Usuku lokugqibela lokwamkelwa kwezicelo ngowe-13 kweyeSilimela apha ku-2006. Aziyi kwamkelwa izicelo ezithunyelwe ngefeksi. Zonke izicelo ziya kuqala zivavanye umgangatho ngokwenkqubo yokuvavanywa.
Eli Phulo Lokutyala Kwinkcubeko liqeshe uMbhexeshi wePhondo kwiphondo ngalinye ukuze anikezele naluphi na uhlobo lwenkxaso noncedo.
Inombolo YomnxebaWe-ofisi: 012 441 3000.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.133387.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lephondo Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko Nezemidlalo, ngokweli linge Lokutyala Kwinkcubeko, lifuna izicelo zenkxaso-mali kumaphulo enkcubeko.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo Senkxaso-mali?
Eyona njongo kukuqinisekisa ukuba izakhono neemalike ziyafikeleleka njengesixhobo sokkwakha ngokutsha iingingqi ezisezidolophini, uphuhliso lwamaphandle ndawonye nokudalwa kwamathuba engqesho.
Kuya kuqalwa ngabantu abasuka kwiindawo ebeziyahlelelekile ngaphambili.
Amaphulo lawo kufuneka abe nento yokwenza nobugcisa, inkcubeko nelifa lemveli.
Kufuneka kubekho ubungqina obucacileyo babantu abaza kuzuza kumaphulo, acace amathuba okuvela kwezakhono okanye ukuba nakho ukufunda.
Iimveliso neenkonzo zephulo elo kufuneka zibe kumgangatho ophakamileyo yaye kufuneka zithengiseke ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwemida yeli lizwe.
imveliso ezo kufuneka zikwazi ukuzimela.
Amaphulo kufuneka ahambelane neemfuno zemithetho elawula imicimbi ekumila kunje.
Amaphulo kufuneka Amaphulo la kufuneka asebenze ngendlela eyamkelekileyo.
Amaphulo kufuneka asekwe kwiingingqi ezithwaxwa kakhulu yintlupheko kwakunye neengingqi ezidinga ingqwalasela ekhawulezileyo kwiphondo.
Amaphulo asebenzisa izixhobo ezikrwada kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ezo zixhobo azizibeki sichengeni izityalo yaye asebenzisa iindlela zokuvuna eziyixhasayo indalo engqongilyo.
La maphulo kufuneka abe nomnqweno wokuseka ishishini elincinci okanye amashishini ngeenjongo zokudala amathuba engqesho.
La maphulo kufuneka abe angakwazi ekuhambeni kwexesha ukuxhasa nokuphakamisa ukhenketho.
Amaphulo kufuneka asekelwe kwinkcubeko yabantu baloo ngingqi.
Amanina, ulutsha kwakunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo kufuneka baqwalaselwe kuqala.
Abathunywa, iingcali ezizimeleyo okanye nabaphi na abantu abanikezela ngeenkonzo ezithile abakwazi kuba kwangabo baza kuzuza kwelo phulo.
Usuku lokugqibela lokwamkelwa kwezicelo ngowe-13 kweyeSilimela apha ku-2006. Aziyi kwamkelwa izicelo ezithunyelwe ngefeksi. Zonke izicelo ziya kuqala zivavanye umgangatho ngokwenkqubo yokuvavanywa.
Eli Phulo Lokutyala Kwinkcubeko liqeshe uMbhexeshi wePhondo kwiphondo ngalinye ukuze anikezele naluphi na uhlobo lwenkxaso noncedo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.13380.services.11453.10479.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Nawuphi na umntu onqwenelela ukuthengisa, ukwenza nokuhambisa utywala ngokwasemthethweni ngokomthetho kufuneka abe nephepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala.
Xa unokurhweba ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume, waphula umthetho yaye amapolisa angakuthathela amanyathelo omthetho, avale ishishini lakho yaye athimbe izinto zakho.
IBhodi yoTywala yePhondo isebenzisana nokukhupha amaphepha-mvume otywala.
Amaphepha-mvume okuthengisa utywala afuna ukuhlaziywa rhoqo ngonyaka.
Uluntu lungafaka inkcaso ekubeni kukhutshwe iphepha-mvume. IBhodi yokuthengiswa kotywala iya kusiphonononga isicelo nazo zonke nezikhalazo ezifumanekileyo yaye iya kubona ukuba mayisamkele okanye isikhabe isicelo eso.
IBhodi yoTywala inakho ukunikezela ngephepha-mvume elinemiqathango.
Ukuphunyezwa kwephepha-mvume phantsi kwesiqinisekiso sokwahlulwa kommandla okanye ngenxa yokuphunyezwa ngumaspala wakho ukuba ungayisebenzisa.
Uthintelo lokuqinisekisa ukuba iphepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala lisetyenziswa kuphela ngenjongo ebicelelwa zona, umzekelo, ukuba indawo yokutyela ingabi yondawo yokuzonwabisa yasebusuku.
Ukuba izakhiwo zakho ezinesiqinisekiso zidala inkathazo kuLuntu, abangabamelwane bakho bangafaka isikhalazo. Amapolisa aya kumthathela amanyathelo uMrhwebi. Ukuba ingxaki iyaphikelela, iBhodi yoTywala ingabamba intlanganiso ize yakuva ibeke iimeko kwisiqinisekiso okanye iyichithe okanye iyimise ukuba ingasebenza iphepha-mvume elo.
Wasitsala isigwebo sakho entolongweni ngaphandle kokuhlawula imali kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo. (iBhodi ingenza umnyinyiva kwezinye iimeko).
Ungumfazi okanye umyeni waba bantu kuthethwa ngabo ngentla apha.
Unakho ukusifaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso sokuthengisa utywala ngokwegqwetha okanye umcebisi wotywala okanye ungafaka isicelo wena ubuqu.
Iphepha Lesicelo liyafumaneka kwiThala leencwadi loMzantsi Afrika eKapa, okanye ke mhlawumbi usengayithenga incwadana yemimiselo epapashiweyo mayela noMthetho woTywala, equkaiphetshana lesicelo lokuqala. Eli phetshana lokwenza isicelo liphuma libe ziikopi ezintathu, zihamba kunye nekopi yokuqala yoMphathi Wamapolisa Othunyiweyo kwakunye nekopi yeBhodi yoTywala.
Hlanganisa uludwe lwenkcukacha lokuxhasa isicelo sakho, njengesiqinisekiso sokuba unayo indawo osebenza kuyo. Kwakhona fakela uludwe lwenkcukacha lwezakhiwo, njengemifanekiso yombala okanye uluhlu lwenkcazelo, ikopi yoludwe lwezipheko ukuba ukutya kuyanikezelwa kumye nengcebiso zomgangatho, ezibonisa imeko kunye nemilinganiselo yamacango, iifestile, kunye neetafile kwakunye nokuma kwezitalato neendawo zokuphuma.
Isicelo kufuneka sichwethezwe singabhalwa ngesandla.
Intlawulo yesicelo emisiweyo kufuneka ihlawuliwe kwi-ofisi yokuhlala yokwamkela iintlawulo zemali kaRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika (iSARS) yaye isiqinisekiso sokuba kuhlawuliwe kufuneka sihlanganiswe kwisicelo eso.
Kwiiveki ezimbini eziphambi kokuba isicelo sithunyelwe kuMantyi, isaziso sokuba uza kwenza oko kufuneka sithunyelwe kuBashicileli bakaRhulumente ePitoli ukuze zipapashwe kwiPhepha-ndaba likaRhulumente kuLwesihlanu wokuqala enyangeni. Isaziso esikwiPhepha-ndaba likaRhulumente siso kuphela isaziso sesicelo esinikezelwe eLuntwini.
UMphathi Owonyuliweyo waMapolisa weSithili uyakudlulisa ingxelo kuMantyi kwiintsuku ezingama- 35. UMphathi lo uyakwazisa imbutho yamapolisa oLuntu okuhlala okanye iqumrhu labahlawuli berhafu ngesicelo eso.
Ukuba akukhange kubekho nkcaso ifumanekileyo kwaye ingxelo yamapolisa ifumanekile, isicelo singathunyelwa kwiBhodi yoTywala.
IBhodi yoTywala iya kuqaphelisisa isicelo ngasinye ngokuphathelele kumfaki-sicelo, kwizakhiwo kwakunye nomdla woLuntu.
Ukuthobela izikhokelo ezimisiweyo apha akuqinisekisi mpumelelo yakuba isicelo siya kuvunywa. Umthetho wotywala kwakunye nemimiselo yayo inzima yaye aBafaki-sicelo kufuneka bafune iingcebiso zeenkunkqele ngokuphathelele ekusebenzeni kwawo.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana neBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona-Koloni.
Kukho intlawulo yesicelo engama- R200.
iphepha-mvume elikhethekileyo (lendawo yokuhlala) - R1000ukuba usebenzisa igqwetha okanye ingcali ezimeleyo useya kuhlawuliswa ezinye iindleko zale nkonzo. Le ntlawulo yahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwigqwetha/ngcali leyo. Kukho intlawulo ekhutshwa minyaka le ungadlulanga umhla wama-31 kweyoMnga. Ukungaphumeleli ukukhupha ezo ntlawulo zonyaka kwangethuba kungakhokelela ekuphelelweni kwephepha-mvume lakho lokuthengisa utywala futhi kuya kufuneka uphinde ufake isicelo selinye iphepha-mvume.
Kukho intlawulo yesicelo engama- R200.
iphepha-mvume elikhethekileyo (lendawo yokuhlala) - R1000ukuba usebenzisa igqwetha okanye ingcali ezimeleyo useya kuhlawuliswa ezinye iindleko zale nkonzo. Le ntlawulo yahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwigqwetha/ngcali leyo. Kukho intlawulo ekhutshwa minyaka le ungadlulanga umhla wama-31 kweyoMnga. Ukungaphumeleli ukukhupha ezo ntlawulo zonyaka kwangethuba kungakhokelela ekuphelelweni kwephepha-mvume lakho lokuthengisa utywala futhi kuya kufuneka uphinde ufake isicelo selinye iphepha-mvume.
<fn>GOV-ZA.133946.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zokufunda liSebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokuncitshiswa Kwentlupheko?
Ziintoni Ezihlawulelwa yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndihlawule okanye Ndiphangelele Ukuyihlawula le Nkxaso-mali?
Ingaba Zingasetyenziswa Phi Ezi Nkxaso-mali Zokufunda?
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Olunye Ulwazi?
Ingaba Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zokufunda liSebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokuncitshiswa Kwentlupheko?
iSebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokuncitshiswa Kwentlupheko linikezela ngeenkxaso-mali zokufunda ezingamasghumi amane anesine kubafundi abaza kujongana nemfundo kuphela Kwezentlalo-ntle ngonyaka. Ezingamashumi amabini anesine kwezi zinikezelwa kubafundi abangamadoda abaza kwenza izifundo Zentlalo-ntle kuphela, ngelixa ezingamashumi amabini izdezokungenela izifundo Zophuhliso Loluntu yaye zikhutshwa liSebe lesizwe Lophuhliso Loluntu ngokubambisana neSETA Ejongene Nempilo Nentlalo-ntle.
Ziintoni Ezihlawulelwa yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Iinkxaso-mali zokufunda ezinikezelwa kubafundi abangamadoda kwezentlalo-ntle zihlawula iimali zokubhalisa, eyokufunda, iincwadi kwakunye neentlawulo zeemviwo. Iinkxaso-mali kwizifundo Zophuhliso Loluntu zona zihlawula imali yokufunda, iincwadi ze, apho kufanelekileyo, nendawo yokuhlala.
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndihlawule okanye Ndiphangelele Ukuyihlawula le Nkxaso-mali?
Ezi nkxaso-mali zokufunda zinikezelwa phantsi komqathango wokuba lowo uyifumeneyo ayibuyise ngokuthi asebenze apha kwiNtshona Kapa njengonontlalo-ntle isithuba seminyaka elingana naleyo uyifumene ngayo le nkxaso-mali.
Ingaba Zingasetyenziswa Kwawaphi Amaziko Ezi Nkxaso-mali Zokufunda?
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Amahuba okufikelela kwiinkxaso-mali zokufunda akhutshwa njengezibhengezo kwiphepha-ndaba iSunday Times namanye asebenza kweli phondo, yaye iingxoxo ezinjongo ikukunikezela ulwazi zenziwa kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
Ndingalufumana Phi Olunye Ulwazi?
<fn>GOV-ZA.13416.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.134360.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo kukuphakamisa amacandelo enkcubeko akwiNtshona Kapa ngokuthi sixhase amagcisa ethu.
Ukuze ufikelele kweminye imisebenzi yobugcisa zala magcisa namanye alapha eMzantsi Afrika, tyelela www.saart.co.za.
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nokhenketho liseke Iphulo Lobugcisa elikwaziwa njengoBugcisa Kushishino, ukunika amagcisa akwiNtshona Kapa isikhundla sokuthengisa nokwazisa ngeemveliso zawo zonyaka ka-2005. Eli phulo ke libonwa njengenyathelo elibalulekileyo kwilinge lokuphuhliswa kobuchule bobugcisa kwakunye namacandelo enkubeko ngazo zonke iindlela ezinokuba lulutho kuthi.
Amagcisa akwiNtshona Kapa kwakufuneka asebenze Ngehlabathi Lamathuba Engqesho kwiNtshona Kapa. Imiboniso eyayibonisa amashishini aphumeleleyo, amashishini asakhasayo ndawonnye nabantu abasebenza kwimibutho emileyo athi angenela.
Imisebenzi yepeyinti kwafuneka yenziwe ngepeyinti ye-akhrilikhi okanye nge-oli kwibhodi eqinileyo okanye kwilaphu leseyile ze ibe nobukhulu obungama-60 cm nobunzulu obungama-40 cm. Abafaki-zicelo abathi bafakwa kuluhlu lwabaphambili bathi bahlola-hlolwa. Le misebenzi yepeyinti kwakufuneka igqitywe kwiiveki nje ezimbini ukusukela ngosuku lokuqashwa kwabo.
Eli Sebe liceba ukuhlanganisa ze liqokelele imisebenzi ezotywe ngepeyinti kwisithuba sexesha. Iinkcukacha zamagcisa abazobi ziyafumaneka ngeenjongo zokwenza lula kubantu abaceba ukuthenga imisebenzi yawo ngqo kubo.
Amalungu eqela lamagcisa athe abonisa ngemisebenzi yawo kulo mnyhadala Wemiboniso Kubakhenkethi (ka-2005), Kwiveki Yamashishini Asakhasayo (ka-2005) kwanase-Arts Cape Marble Foyer, e-Arts Cape, eKapa ngenyanga yoKwindla ka-2005, ngexesha loMnyhadala waseKapa. Eli Sebe lingenise imisebenzi yamagcisa asebenzela apha kwiNtshona Kapa kumboniso iPOSITIVE 2006.
uVelile Soha waqala ukuba nomdla kubugcisa eselula kakhulu. Wenza izifundo zokuzoba, ezokuchwela, ukuthabatha imifanekiso, imizobo eyenziwe ngepeyinti, ukuzoba nokubhala ngobuchule. Njengokuba esebenza ngengomzobi ixesha lakhe lonke, imisebenzi kaVelile sele iboniswe kwiminyhadala emininzi apho ayedwa kuyo kwanaleyo yamaqela amagcisa kuMzantsi Afrika jikelele, eNamibia, e-USA naseYurophu, Injongo yam kukubonisa izizwe zangaphandle indlela abantu bam ababuphila ngayo ubomi babo, uphefumla atho uVelile.
uRobert Thembinkosi yena osuka eZwelethemba, eVostile, wafunda ubugcisa bokuzoba ngeminyaka yoo-1980. Uyibonise kweli nakumazwe angaphandle imisebenzi yakhe. URobert ukwabhala imibongo namabali amafutshane. "Ndenza imizobo yepeyinti ezindongeni, emalaphini nakwiibhodi zemizobo ze ndifundise nabantwana baseZwelethemba (iimfihlelo) ngale mizobo," utsho uRobert.
URaymond Lawrence yena usuka e-Arniston. Akayiyelanga sikolweni yena mizobo yobugcisa yaye waqala ngokuzoba iintshukumo nezinto zala ngingqi. " Ndenza imizobo yeKassiesbaai kwakunye nezinye iintshukumo ngeenkumbulo nje kuphela, kunokuba ndiye kwezo ndawo ngokwam," utsho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.134360.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo kukuphakamisa amacandelo enkcubeko akwiNtshona Kapa ngokuthi sixhase amagcisa ethu.
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nokhenketho liseke Iphulo Lobugcisa elikwaziwa njengoBugcisa Kushishino, ukunika amagcisa akwiNtshona Kapa isikhundla sokuthengisa nokwazisa ngeemveliso zawo zonyaka ka-2005. Eli phulo ke libonwa njengenyathelo elibalulekileyo kwilinge lokuphuhliswa kobuchule bobugcisa kwakunye namacandelo enkubeko ngazo zonke iindlela ezinokuba lulutho kuthi.
Eli Sebe liceba ukuhlanganisa ze liqokelele imisebenzi ezotywe ngepeyinti kwisithuba sexesha. Iinkcukacha zamagcisa abazobi ziyafumaneka ngeenjongo zokwenza lula kubantu abaceba ukuthenga imisebenzi yawo ngqo kubo.
Izimvo Zabazobi uVelile Soha waqala ukuba nomdla kubugcisa eselula kakhulu. Wenza izifundo zokuzoba, ezokuchwela, ukuthabatha imifanekiso, imizobo eyenziwe ngepeyinti, ukuzoba nokubhala ngobuchule. Njengokuba esebenza ngengomzobi ixesha lakhe lonke, imisebenzi kaVelile sele iboniswe kwiminyhadala emininzi apho ayedwa kuyo kwanaleyo yamaqela amagcisa kuMzantsi Afrika jikelele, eNamibia, e-USA naseYurophu, Injongo yam kukubonisa izizwe zangaphandle indlela abantu bam ababuphila ngayo ubomi babo, uphefumla atho uVelile.
URaymond Lawrence yena usuka e-Arniston. Akayiyelanga sikolweni yena mizobo yobugcisa yaye waqala ngokuzoba iintshukumo nezinto zala ngingqi. " Ndenza imizobo yeKassiesbaai kwakunye nezinye iintshukumo ngeenkumbulo nje kuphela, kunokuba ndiye kwezo ndawo ngokwam," utsho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.13464.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iRED Door linyathelo lecandelo elilawula amashishini asakhasayo, asakhulayo nakhulileyo elikwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho. Eli candelo ke lijolise ekuphuculeni ekuphakamiseni uphuhliso lwamashishini asakhasayo kunye/okanye amashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama.
Yintoni le RED Door?
Ingakunceda njani le RED Door?
iRED Door le liziko elikukuphela kwalo apho amashishini amatsha nanexesha ekho afuna uncedo neengcebiso, ukusukela kwezona zingcebiso zingundoqo ukuya kwezo zikowona mgangatho uphezulu.
Ekwandiseni amashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama.
Kulula ukufikelela kumaziko eRED Door kwiindawo ezininzi ezinkulu needolophu ezilapha eNtshona Koloni. Sithetha isiNgesi, isiBhulu nesiXhosa yaye abasebenzi bethu abaziingcali kulo mcimbi nabanobubele bayakusebenzisana kakuhle nawe ekuhlalutyeni iimfuno zakho zoshishino ze bakuncede uqulunqe isicwangciso soshishino ezihambelana neemfuno zeshishini lakho elo.
neenkqubo zokuxhobisa ulutsha, amakhosikazi, amafama asakhasayo kwakunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo ngezakhono zokuba ngabanini bamashishini.
Kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathi, amashishini amancinci anegalelo elikhulu kuqoqosho lwelizwe. Kumazwe ahlumileyo amashishini amancinci agalela ku-60% kuqoqosho lwelizwe; apha eMzantsi Afrika, amashishini amancinci anegalelo elingama-35% kuphela kuqoqosho lwelizwe. Esinye sezizathu zoku ke xa uthelekiswa namanye amazwe asakhulayo njengawo afana neBrazil, ne-India, izinga lokuphumelela kwamashishini amancinci eMzantsi Afrika belisokolo lisezantsi. Ngokunjalo nezinga lokukhula kwabanini-mashishini.
Iinkonzo zenkxaso kumashishini zidingeka kakhulu; kodwa ke kwixesha elingaphambili, ezi nkonzo bezisoloko zingahlangenanga. Iingingqi ezithile bezinikezelwa kakhulu ezi nkonzo ngelixa kwezinye, ingakumbi kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni, zazingekho konke-konke. Amaziko eRED Door asekelwe ukujongana ezi nkonzo zenkxaso kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba zifikeleleka lula, xa zidingeka nalapho zidingeka khona.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.134909.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Isidingo sokuba kuhlenga-hlengiswe eli candelo lomculo sabonwa ziimvumi ezazikhathazwayo yile meko, kodwa ke zazingafumani nkxaso kurhulumente ngaphambili. Ukugula kukaMnumzana Robbie Jansen, sisthwalandwe somculo opholileyo saseKapa, wathi kwakhona waphakamisa izimvo zeemvumi.
ukungafumani mhlala-phantsi neenzuzo zonyango kweemvumi.
Owayesakuba yiNtloko yeli Sebe, uMnumzana Rod Solomons wathi wabiza umhlangano owawukhawulezile neemvumi eziphambili, abaphathi matheko kwakunye nabasasazi boonomathotholo ngenyanga kaTshazimpunzi ka-2005. Ezi ntlanganiso ke zaziququzelelwa nguKelvin Katz noRod Solomons. Abathabathi-nxaxheba ababezimase ezi ntlanganiso bathi baseka Iqela Lexeshana Elaliza Kumela Iimfuno Zeemvumi. Amalungu eli qela ke ayequka uDimitri Jegels, owehlayo ngenxa yeminye imicimbi eyayingamvumeli, uRashid Lombard (owalayo ukuzimasa iintlanganiso), uJai Reddy, uMohammed Fall, uJoe Mthimka, uKobus Kwezi, u-Andre Petersen noSpencer Mbadu. Kwingungqutghela yokuqala yeeMvumi zeNtshona Kapa eyayingomhla we-7 nowe-8 kwinyanga yuoKwindla ka-2006, kwiziko leengqungquthela laseBOE, eWaterfront - Iqela Lexeshana Elalimele Iimfuno Zeemvumi laphinda lonyulwa ngokutsha. Abathunywa abathi bazimasa apho, bathi banika eli Qela Leemvumi zeNtshona Kapa amandla okuphatha imicimbi echaphazela iimvumi.
Kukuseka iqela elibonakalayo kweli phondo ngokubanzi ze ngolo hlobo ube lo mbutho usondeza iimvumi eluntwini.
Kukuseka amaziko ezibonelelo zeemvumi kweli phondo ngokubanzi (kule mimandla mithandathu ifana neBoland, uNxweme oluseNtshona, i-Eden, uMbindi Karoo, i-Overberg neMetropole) inokusetyenziswa ziimvumi, amachule obugcisa, abaqashi kwicandelo lolwazi, ezemfundo, inkxaso- njalo-njalo.
Ukuseka isikhundla solwazi sabantu esinokubadinga kwicandelo lomculo apha kwiNtshona Kapa.
Ukudala izikhundla apho iimvumi kwanabanye abantu namaqela abandakanyeka emculweni banokuxhotyiswa ngokoqoqosho.
Ukuseka iindlela zokusebenza ezijonga imiba efana neentlawulo neengeniso; iindlela zokuziphatha nezokusebenza, njalo-njalo.
Ukuqeqesha kwanokuvelisa abantu abatsha abanetalente nethuba lokuba ziimvumi zangomso ezinesiphiwo.iinkwenkwezi zoMzantsi Afrika?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.134909.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isidingo sokuba kuhlenga-hlengiswe eli candelo lomculo sabonwa ziimvumi ezazikhathazwayo yile meko, kodwa ke zazingafumani nkxaso kurhulumente ngaphambili. Ukugula kukaMnumzana Robbie Jansen, sisthwalandwe somculo opholileyo saseKapa, wathi kwakhona waphakamisa izimvo zeemvumi.
amalungelo eemvumi, ukusekwa kwengxowa-mali yenkxaso, kwakunye ukungafumani mhlala-phantsi neenzuzo zonyango kweemvumi.
Kukuseka iqela elibonakalayo kweli phondo ngokubanzi ze ngolo hlobo ube lo mbutho usondeza iimvumi eluntwini.
Kukuseka amaziko ezibonelelo zeemvumi kweli phondo ngokubanzi (kule mimandla mithandathu ifana neBoland, uNxweme oluseNtshona, i-Eden, uMbindi Karoo, i-Overberg neMetropole) inokusetyenziswa ziimvumi, amachule obugcisa, abaqashi kwicandelo lolwazi, ezemfundo, inkxaso- njalo-njalo.
Ukuseka isikhundla solwazi sabantu esinokubadinga kwicandelo lomculo apha kwiNtshona Kapa.
Ukudala izikhundla apho iimvumi kwanabanye abantu namaqela abandakanyeka emculweni banokuxhotyiswa ngokoqoqosho.
Ukuseka iindlela zokusebenza ezijonga imiba efana neentlawulo neengeniso; iindlela zokuziphatha nezokusebenza, njalo-njalo.
Ukuqeqesha kwanokuvelisa abantu abatsha abanetalente nethuba lokuba ziimvumi zangomso ezinesiphiwo.iinkwenkwezi zoMzantsi Afrika?
<fn>GOV-ZA.13500.services.16234.16234.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Eli Sebe lijongene nezikolo namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo oqeqesho ukwazisa umfundi ngeenkalo apho izakhono zinqongopheleyo khona, oko kusenziwa ngokubaqhelanisa nezi nkalo.
Abafundi bafumana amava oqeqesho ngeli xesha besafunda kwiSebe LeZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko kusenziwa ngokwenkqubo yoqeqesho. Abaqeqeshwa aba baye bafakwe kwiinkalo ezithile zokuqeqeshwa befunda, baze bahlawulwe ngomsebenzi abawenzileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.13500.services.16234.16678.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abafundi bafumana amava oqeqesho ngeli xesha besafunda kwiSebe LeZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko kusenziwa ngokwenkqubo yoqeqesho. Abaqeqeshwa aba baye bafakwe kwiinkalo ezithile zokuqeqeshwa befunda, baze bahlawulwe ngomsebenzi abawenzileyo.
Umqeqeshwa ngamnye uye angene kwisivumelwano kunye neSebe eli.
Ngo-2003 iPeninsula Technikon yalijiza ngelona bhaso liphezulu eli Sebe kwisigaba sabaqeshi abakhulu, kwiinkampani ezongama-600 ezizimeleyo kwanezikaRhulumentente, ngenxa yendima eliyidlalayo yokunika abafundi uqeqesho olululo nolubaxhobisa ngamava.
Ukufaka isicelo sokuqeqeshwa ufunda, kufuneka ube ubhaliswe kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo kungoku nje.
Ungadibana ne-Ofisi yeMicimbi yaBafundi yeSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko ukwenza ngokudlula kumagosa emfundo akwidyunivesithi okanye kwiteknikon okuyo.
Kufuneka uthumele inceadi yembalelwano engqinisisa ukuba ubhalisiwe ngenene kuloo nkalo yemfundo uyikhankanyileyo kunye neCV yakho.
Ukuba kukho imfuneko yokuba umfundi lowo wenza izifundo ezizodwa kwinkalo ethile yezemfundo, iSetyana elo lichaphazelekayo kufuneka lenze, futhi liqhube udliwano-ndlebe olufutshane nomfaki-sicelo ze limthathe umqeqeshwa lowo.
Umbeki-liso uye adityaniswe nomqeqeshwa ngamnye ukuze abancede aze akhangele indlela abayiqhuba ngayo imisebenzi yabo yeesivumelwano esibophelelayo.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha dibana noJacques van Eeden okanye uJuanita Isaacs.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.13500.services.16234.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Eli Sebe lijongene nezikolo namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo oqeqesho ukwazisa umfundi ngeenkalo apho izakhono zinqongopheleyo khona, oko kusenziwa ngokubaqhelanisa nezi nkalo.
Abafundi bafumana amava oqeqesho ngeli xesha besafunda kwiSebe LeZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko kusenziwa ngokwenkqubo yoqeqesho. Abaqeqeshwa aba baye bafakwe kwiinkalo ezithile zokuqeqeshwa befunda, baze bahlawulwe ngomsebenzi abawenzileyo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.13557.projects.14936.125465.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeli phulo kukuqinisekisa ukumiselwa kwenkqubo yokulungiswa kwemigaqo eliza kuqesha inani elandisiweyo labantu baloo ngingqi abaza kwenza lo msebenzi.
Le Nkqubo Yokulungiswa Kwemigaqo iyiZenzele ijolise kudaleleni abantu beengingqi ekwenzeka kuzo olu phuhliso amathuba engqesho. Le nkqubo ke ilinyathelo lenkubo Yasekuhlaleni Yemisebenzi Yoluntu yaye lijolise ekuphuculeni imigaqo esele ikho ngokuthi iqeshe abantu basekuhlaleni kwezo ngingqi zophuhliso ukuba ibe ngabo abasebenzayo apho.
Le nkqubo Yasekuhlaleni Yemisebenzi Yoluntu isebenzisana noomaspala ekuchongeni iingingqi ekuza kwenziwa kuzo le misebenzi kwanokuqalisa ngala maphulo ophuhliso. Amaphulo ke kwezi ngingqi kuza kusetyenzwa kuzo aphantsi kweliso labaphathi beli phulo leZenzele abaqeshwe ngezibhambathiso zengqesho. Ukuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba luluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwiingingqi eyenzeka kuzo le misebenzi kuphantsi kweliso lwabaphathi bale nkqubo abahlalela imihlangano noluntu ekuhlaleni.
Baphakathi kweshumi elinesibini namashumi amabini anesihlanu Abasebenzi Abajongene Nophuhliso Lwasekuhlaleniabaqeshwe yile nkqubo isithuba seenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini kwiphulo ngalinye. Le nkqubo ke ithi yenze uphando ngezakhono abanazo aba basebenzi basekuhlaleni iza kubaqesha yaye indlela ekuqeshwa ngayo iwuqwalasela ngokubanzi umba wesini yaye ikwajolise nasekuthabatheni ulutsha. Abasebenzi basekuhlaleni aba baqeshelwe ukusebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amathandathu ngenyanga yaye bakwanikwa neebhayisekile ukubanceda bafikelele lula kwiingingqi abasebenzela kuzo.
Iintshukumo zomsebenzi ziquka ukutshentula izityalo ezingafunekiyo, ukucoca iidreyni, ukulahla inkukuma nokhula emigaqweni, ukulungisa imingxunya kwanokuhlamba iimpawu zendlela kwakunye neenkcenkce ezilumkisa ngeengozi. Aba basebenzi bakwanikezela nengxelo ngezinto ezifuna ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza. Umsebenzi ngamnye unikwa malunga nekhilomitha yomgaqo.
Le nkqubo Yasekuhlaleni Yemisebenzi Yoluntu ikwanikezela nangoqeqesho lokulungisa imigaqo kubasebenzi abajongene nophuhliso lwasekuhlaleni. Izikhulu zasekuhlaleni ziqinisekisa ukuba aba basebenzi bawenze kakuhle na umsebenzi yaye zijolise ekuchongeleni aba basebenzi amathuba asenokubavelela ekuhambeni kwexesha afana nolunye uqeqesho, ukufakwa kwizithuba zengqesho okanye amathuba okuzivulela awabo amashishini.
<fn>GOV-ZA.13560.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.13575.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana leziThuthi zoLuntu linenjongo yokuzisa inkqubo ekhuselekileyo, ethembekileyo nefikelelekayo kwizithuthi zoluntu. Likwajonge nokuzisa izibonelelo ezisemgangathweni kwizithuthi zoluntu.
Lokuguqula ushishino lweeteksi zohlobo lweminibhasi.
Ukuguqula iikontrakthi zexeshana zilungiselelwe ukuphelisa ukhuphiswano olunentshabalalo ezindleleni.
Ukulawula iBhodi yeeLayisenisi zokuSebenza yePhondo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.13593.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.13670.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukunika indawo efanelekileyo kuwo onke amasebe ephondo.
Ukulawula ipotfoliyo yepropati ukuze kuxhamle wonk ubani.
UKwakha, ukuphucula, ukuhlaziya nokulondoloza izibonelelo.
Ukunika iinkonzo zobungcali nezobuchule kumasebe achaphazelekayo akwizakhiwo zephondo kwanezibonelelo ezichaphazelekayo.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba malunga nenkqubo yokwakha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.138896.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.13934.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli candelo linoxanduva lokulondoloza nokuvuselela uthungelwano lweendlela kummandla woMzantsi Kapa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.13970.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli candelo linoxanduva lokulondoloza nokuhlaziya uthungelwano lweendlela kummandla weBholani noweOverberg.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.13988.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
lokugcina irejista yezithuthi.
lokuhlaziya izithuthi ngezithuthi.
Ukuhlawula lonke ityala elityalwayo leminyaka eyadlulayo.
Uqeqesho lwamagosa ezoThutho.
UPhuhliso, ukubhalwa kwezinto nokuphumeza iinkqubo zophuculo.
Ukwenza uphando kubasebenzisi khonÃ† ukuze kuphuculwe iziThuthi zakwaRhulumente.
Ukuphuculwa kolawulo nendlela yokuziphatha.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.13988.services.11538.5107.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo Lezithuthi zikaRhulumente lijongene nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zikarhulumente ezingamawaka amane anekhulu elinamashumi amathandathu ananye eNtshona Koloni. Inombolo yomnxeba esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku yokunikezela ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezithuthi zikarhulumente sele ivuliwe yaye ukungasetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente kungaxelwa kuyo ukunceda ukunqanda ubuqhetseba, urhwaphilizo nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezibonelelo zikarhulumente.
Ungatsalela kule nombolo isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku: 021 467 4797 ze uxele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.140651.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ingqungquthela Yamanina Akwicandelo Lokwakha ngumcimbi oququzelelwa liSebe Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntu. Le ngqungquthela ke iyakuqwalasela imiceli-mngeni eza noMqulu Wesizwe Wecandelo Lokwakha kwiNtshona Kapa ze uqulunqe nomgaqo-nkqubo onjongo ikukwandisa izinga lokuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba kumacandelo okwakha nophuhliso lwezakhiwo ngamanina.
Kuya konwatyelwa ke noncuthu lwesidlo sasemva kwemini kwakule ngqungquthela apho kuya kube kunikezelwa nembasa yokuqala eyakunikezelwa minyaka yokuwonga Umntu Wasetyhini Ogqwesileyo Kwicandelo Lokwakha kwiNtshona Kapa.
Le Ngqungquthela Yamanina Akwicandelo Lokwakha ke iya kube ibanjelwe eCape Town International Convention Centre ukususela ngomhla wama-21 - 22 kweyeThupha apha ku-2006.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.140651.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingqungquthela Yamanina Akwicandelo Lokwakha ngumcimbi oququzelelwa liSebe Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntu. Le ngqungquthela ke iyakuqwalasela imiceli-mngeni eza noMqulu Wesizwe Wecandelo Lokwakha kwiNtshona Kapa ze uqulunqe nomgaqo-nkqubo onjongo ikukwandisa izinga lokuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba kumacandelo okwakha nophuhliso lwezakhiwo ngamanina.
Kuya konwatyelwa ke noncuthu lwesidlo sasemva kwemini kwakule ngqungquthela apho kuya kube kunikezelwa nembasa yokuqala eyakunikezelwa minyaka yokuwonga Umntu Wasetyhini Ogqwesileyo Kwicandelo Lokwakha kwiNtshona Kapa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.140737.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Nyathelo Lamanina Akwicandelo Lokwakha lijolise ekuxhobiseni ngezakhono ezizizo amanina anomdla wokungena kwicandelo loshishino lokwakha. Eli nyathelo lijolise ikakhulu kumanina aqhuba amaphulo athile kwicandelo lokwakhiwa nokulungiswa kwemigaqo kwanemisebenzi nje yoluntu kwiNtshona Kapa. Likwanikezela nangeenkxaso-mali zokufunda kwanamthuba okuxhotyiswa ngezakhono kwabakhi abangekabi namava.
Njengengxenye yeli nyathelo iSebe Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntu liyakunikezela amashumi amabini anesihlanu ekhulwini azo zonke izibhambathiso zokulungiswa kwemigaqo kwaneshumi ekhulwini lazo zonke izibhambathiso zokwakhiwa kwemigaqo kubakhi abangamanina.
Ngaphezu koko, amashumi amathandathu ekhulwini ayo yonke imisebenzi Yenkqubo Enatyisiweyo Yemisebenzi Yoluntu yasekuhlaleni yokulungiswa kwemigaqo iyakunikezelwa kumanina. iSebe Lemisebenzi Yoluntu liyakunikezela amashumi amathathu emisebenzi eMama Specials Projects angamaphulo ke lawo awodwa ajoliswe kwiinkampani eziphantsi kolawulo lwamanina.
Onke amanina akwiNtshona Kapa ayamenywa ukuba afake izicelo zeethenda zokwakha.
iCandelo Lezibonelelo Zemigaqo leSebe Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntuliyakunikezela ngamathuba okunikezela ngamava kubafundi abahlanu basetyhini. Kuyakunikezelwa kwanamanye amathuba angama-250 eennkxaso-mali zokufunda kubafundi abakumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo kumacandelo obunjineli, elezicwqangciso zokwakha kwakunye nezinuye izifundo ezinento yokwenza necandelo lokwakha.
Le mbasa inikezelwa minyaka ijonga imisebenzi yempumelelo eyodwa ethe yenziwa ngamanina akwicandelo lokwakha. Mahathu ke amabakala okukhuphisana: inqanaba lokuqala, eliphakathi kwanelo labanamava. Oomaspala , amasebe karhulumente kwakunye nemibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente iyamenywa ukuba ifake amagama amanina ewachongela olu khuphiswano de kube sekupheleni kwenyanga yeKhala minyaka le.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.140737.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Nyathelo Lamanina Akwicandelo Lokwakha lijolise ekuxhobiseni ngezakhono ezizizo amanina anomdla wokungena kwicandelo loshishino lokwakha. Eli nyathelo lijolise ikakhulu kumanina aqhuba amaphulo athile kwicandelo lokwakhiwa nokulungiswa kwemigaqo kwanemisebenzi nje yoluntu kwiNtshona Kapa. Likwanikezela nangeenkxaso-mali zokufunda kwanamthuba okuxhotyiswa ngezakhono kwabakhi abangekabi namava.
Njengengxenye yeli nyathelo iSebe Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntu liyakunikezela amashumi amabini anesihlanu ekhulwini azo zonke izibhambathiso zokulungiswa kwemigaqo kwaneshumi ekhulwini lazo zonke izibhambathiso zokwakhiwa kwemigaqo kubakhi abangamanina.
Ngaphezu koko, amashumi amathandathu ekhulwini ayo yonke imisebenzi Yenkqubo Enatyisiweyo Yemisebenzi Yoluntu yasekuhlaleni yokulungiswa kwemigaqo iyakunikezelwa kumanina. iSebe Lemisebenzi Yoluntu liyakunikezela amashumi amathathu emisebenzi eMama Specials Projects angamaphulo ke lawo awodwa ajoliswe kwiinkampani eziphantsi kolawulo lwamanina.
Iinkxaso-mali Kwanamathuba Okunikezela Ngamava KwicandELO Lokwakha iCandelo Lezibonelelo Zemigaqo leSebe Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntuliyakunikezela ngamathuba okunikezela ngamava kubafundi abahlanu basetyhini. Kuyakunikezelwa kwanamanye amathuba angama-250 eennkxaso-mali zokufunda kubafundi abakumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo kumacandelo obunjineli, elezicwqangciso zokwakha kwakunye nezinuye izifundo ezinento yokwenza necandelo lokwakha.
Le mbasa inikezelwa minyaka ijonga imisebenzi yempumelelo eyodwa ethe yenziwa ngamanina akwicandelo lokwakha. Mahathu ke amabakala okukhuphisana: inqanaba lokuqala, eliphakathi kwanelo labanamava. Oomaspala , amasebe karhulumente kwakunye nemibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente iyamenywa ukuba ifake amagama amanina ewachongela olu khuphiswano de kube sekupheleni kwenyanga yeKhala minyaka le.
<fn>GOV-ZA.14179.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
phumeza imigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe, eyephondo neyomasipala, oko kusenziwa ngokweSebe loRhulumente woMmandla nezeZindlu ukuze kukhawuleziswe ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ngendlela efanelekileyo nolungiselelo lokuhlaliswa kwabantu ezindlwini eNtshona Koloni.
khokela iSebe loRhulumente woMmandla nezeZIndlu ekuziseni iinkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu eNtshona Koloni ngaphandle kokukhetha.
lawula izibonelelo ezinqabileyo zeSebe loRhulumente woMmandla nezeZindlu ukuqinisekisa ngoziso lweenkonzo ezinobulungisa nezilungelelanisiweyo nokuhlaliswa kwabantu beli phondo ezindlwini.
Ikuhlanganisa nokunxibelelanisa imisebenzi kwiinkalo zontathu zoRhulumente khon' ukuze kwandiswe intsebenziswano kuphuculwe noziso lweenkonzo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.14179.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
phumeza imigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe, eyephondo neyomasipala, oko kusenziwa ngokweSebe loRhulumente woMmandla nezeZindlu ukuze kukhawuleziswe ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ngendlela efanelekileyo nolungiselelo lokuhlaliswa kwabantu ezindlwini eNtshona Koloni.
khokela iSebe loRhulumente woMmandla nezeZIndlu ekuziseni iinkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu eNtshona Koloni ngaphandle kokukhetha.
lawula izibonelelo ezinqabileyo zeSebe loRhulumente woMmandla nezeZindlu ukuqinisekisa ngoziso lweenkonzo ezinobulungisa nezilungelelanisiweyo nokuhlaliswa kwabantu beli phondo ezindlwini.
<fn>GOV-ZA.14400.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingingqi yenqila elawulwa siSixeko saseKapa yahlula-hlulwe yangamabhunga asezantsi angama-20, bhunga ngalinye elenziwe yintlaninge yezithili. Izithili zizonke zili-100, sithili ngasinye esimelwe lilungu lebhunga. Isithili ngasinye naso senziwe yintlaninge yamahlomela-dolophu.IBhunga lona linesibalo sama-200 amalungu, i-100 kuso elenziwe ngabameli booceba abonyuliweyo, ze i-100 ibe ngabakhethwe ngokwenani lezihlalo zombutho ngamnye wopolitiko.
Ufumane ilungu leBhunga.
Ufumane iingxelo zeendibano zeBhunga/zeKomiti.
Ufumanise ukuba ihlomela-dolophu ohlala kulo liphantsi kowuphi uceba/ibhunga elisezantsi.
Ufumane uSihlalo weBhunga elisezantsi/Umbhexeshi weBhunga elisezantsi leNgingqi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.14717.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
This project aims to monitor the financial information of all the Municipalities in the Western Cape.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.14836.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMphathiswa eli lilo eliya kuphendula kurhulumente ngemisebenzi eyenziweyo liSebe kwanangeenkonzo ezinikiweyo kuMphathiswa osesikhundleni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.14911.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Baqikelelwa kwizigidi ezi-3.3 abantu abadala abangakwazi kufunda nakubhala eMzantsi Afrika. Ukuphelisa ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezilithoba iSicwangciso-qhinga seSizwe SeMfundo, iTirisano, esijongene nazo.
IMfundo Noqeqesho Olungundoqo Kubantu Abadala (ABET) ivuleleke kubantu abadala abafuna ukugqibezela imfundo yabo engundoqo. Inkqubo esekelwe kwiziphumo, iABET, ijongene nokubonelela ngezixhobo ezingundoqo zokufunda, ulwazi nezakhono, ze ibonelele abathathi-nxaxheba ngeziqinisekiso zokuba beyifumene imfundo eyamkelwa kweli lizwe.
Amanqanaba amane oqeqesho lwe-ABET alingana namabanga emfundo u-R ukuya ku-9.
kubugcisa bezoqoqosho nolawulo.
kuncediso lononophelo lwendalo.
Iinkqubo ze-ABET ziphantsi kweliso leBhodi yesizwe ye-ABET.
Kukho iZiko Lolawulo Nophuhliso Lwemfundo Noqeqesho Olungundoqo Lwabadala kwisithili ngasinye samaziko asixhenxe Olawulo Nophuhliso Lwemfundo(iiEMDC ngamafuphi) kweli Phondo. Qhagamshelana nomcebisi we- EMDC kwindawo ohlala kuyo ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha malunga nezifundo ezenziwayo.
Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga neemfanelo zeMfundo Noqeqesho Lwabadala Olungundoqo ndawonye nobume bezifundo ziyafumaneka kweli nxiwa-WCED ABET Assessment website.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.14911.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Baqikelelwa kwizigidi ezi-3.3 abantu abadala abangakwazi kufunda nakubhala eMzantsi Afrika. Ukuphelisa ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezilithoba iSicwangciso-qhinga seSizwe SeMfundo, iTirisano, esijongene nazo.
IMfundo Noqeqesho Olungundoqo Kubantu Abadala (ABET) ivuleleke kubantu abadala abafuna ukugqibezela imfundo yabo engundoqo. Inkqubo esekelwe kwiziphumo, iABET, ijongene nokubonelela ngezixhobo ezingundoqo zokufunda, ulwazi nezakhono, ze ibonelele abathathi-nxaxheba ngeziqinisekiso zokuba beyifumene imfundo eyamkelwa kweli lizwe.
kwizifundo ngeelwimi, ukufunda nokubhala kwanonxibelelwano ekufundeni nokubhala izibalo, kwizibalo kwanobugcisa bezibalo kubugcisa bezendalo kubuchule nezakhono kwizifundo ngobomi kwezobugcisa kubugcisa ngomntu nangentlalo yoluntu kubugcisa bezoqoqosho nolawulo.
Kukho iZiko Lolawulo Nophuhliso Lwemfundo Noqeqesho Olungundoqo Lwabadala kwisithili ngasinye samaziko asixhenxe Olawulo Nophuhliso Lwemfundo(iiEMDC ngamafuphi) kweli Phondo. Qhagamshelana nomcebisi we- EMDC kwindawo ohlala kuyo ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha malunga nezifundo ezenziwayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.14917.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo ngalinye elikweli nxiwa linephepha elilelalo okanye iqela lamaphepha anxibelelana nephepha elingaphandle/elisekuqaleni.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha yiya kwi-nxiwa lezifundo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.14923.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISicwangciso seMimiselo yeeMfanelo seSizwe(i-NQF) yinkqubo egcina iinkcukacha amanqanaba emfundo ukuqinisekisa ukuba izakhono nolwazi ebezisoloko zifundiswa ziyaqwalaselwa kwilizwe lonke jikelele.
Asibhozo amanqanaba eSicwangciso seMimiselo yeeMfanelo seSizwe.
imfundo ephakamileyo noqeqesho.
Iimfanelo zeMfundo yeyona nto ithi inikwe ingqalelo ngokusesikweni ngokumayela nemfundo kulowo uthe waphumelela. Ngokuxhomekeke ekuvumeni kwe-SAQA iimfanelo zemfundo zibhaliswa kwiNQF ngokwenqanaba elithile. Inani elithile lezifundo eziphunyelelweyo liye likhutshwe amva kokugqiba zaza zakho neemfanelo ezibhalisweyo.
Ungakhangela kwi-kwinxiwa elineenkcukacha zezidanga leSAQA ukuze ufumanise malunga neemfanelo ezidweliisiweyo kwinqanaba ngalinye, kwanokuba zingaphi na izifundo eziphunyelelweyo ezihambelana nazo, kwanokuba ngoobani na abaqeqeshayo.
Imigangatho yeSetyana nayo iyabhaliswa kwinqanaba elithile le-NQF. Ungaphakamisa izifundo eziphunyelelweyo zakho ngokubhekiselele kwimigangatho yamasetyana agqitywe ngempumelelo.
Ungakhangela kwi-khangela kwinxiwa elineenkcukacha zamasetyana eSAQAukufumana ezinye izinto eziphathelele kwimigangatho yamasetyana.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.149491.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.14959.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Iphulo iCape Access lijoliswe ekwabelaneni ngeenzuzo zobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano kuzo zonke iindawo zaseNtshona Koloni. ICape Access le liphulo elijolise eluntwini nelibona ubugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano njengesixhobo esinokwakha ulwazi ze futhi sidale namathuba.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.14960.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuvula iziko eliza kujongana nokuhlola abantu abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, kufuneka ubhalise kuMphathiswa weZothutho.
Sakuba isicelo eso siphunyeziwe abahloli bamaziko okuvavanyela ukuqhuba baya kulivavanya elo ziko ze benze neziphakamiso ngomgangatho walo. Eli candelo lomhloli liya kumana ukwenza umjikelo ngonyaka ukubeka iliso kwimigangatho yeli ziko ze lilicebise iziko elo lihlola nayiphi na imeko yalo kwanokulondolozwa kwalo xa kuhlolwa amaziko kwaneenkqubo ezifunekayo.
Okwangoku, ngooMaspala kuphela kunye namasebe ezothutho anelungelo lokuba namaziko okuvavanyela ukuqhuba.
Ukwenza isicelo sokubhalisela iziko elihlola ze likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhubaz, kufuneka uzalise iphetshan lesicelo elingu-DTC. Kufuneka kunikezelwe ingxelo kwiphetshana elo ngommeli wezolawulo kwanamabavavanyi abebengabahloli kwiziko elihlola likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
abahloli abavavanyela amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.14968.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.14995.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15000.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isikhundla esigcina ulwazi esigqibeleleyo senkxaso-mali yokufunda kwimfundo ephakamileyo siyafumaneka kwisikhundla sonxibelelwano solutsha seMsobomvu.
Esi sikhundla solwazi siyaphendleka ngokwenqanaba lezifundo umntu anomdla kuzo yaye siquka nolwazi lokuba ngubani na onokufaka isicelo sale nkxaso-mali, iintsuku zokuvalwa kwezi zicelo.
Ama-R500 ezigidi aya kunikwa iScheme esi kunyaka-mali u-2002/03, ama-R470 ezigi0di kunyaka-mali u-2003/04 kwakunye ze ibe ngama-R498 ezigidi kwiminyaka u-2004/05. Isixa esi sehla sisenyuka njengoko sixhomekeke kwezinye iimali ezivuleleke kwesi-Scheme, oko kuquka neemali ezisuka kubanikeli, imali ehlawulwa ngabafundi bakuba begqibile ukufunda kwakunye nenzala esuka kurhwebo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15036.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uya kukwazi ukukhangela iziphumo zomfundi othile kwiphepha leSebe Lezemfundo leNtshona Koloni elikwi-internet, okanye ukhangele abafundi abaphumelele emagqabini kwisikolo okanye isithili esithile. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo neenkcukacha zika-2007, cofa kuphawu olungudibanisa elisecaleni koxwebhu lweziphumo zika-2007 kwicala elisekhohlo lomboniso lowo.
Inombolo yencwadana yakho yesazisi.
Hlala utyelela le website ukuze ufumane amaxesha neendawo zokuhlalela iimviwo zeesapu.
Iziphumo zeemviwo zemfundo noqeqesho olungundoqo lwabadala nazo zikwafumaneka. Yaye usenakho nokufumana amaxesha neendawo zokuhlalela iimviwo kwakunye namaphepha eemviwo esele zabhalwa kudala.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15082.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni lisebenzisa izicwangciso-qhinga eziliqela ukuqinisekisa ukuba eli phondo liyabuqwalasela ubugcisa beekhompyutha kwanobugcisa bonxibelelwano olumandla (ICT) kwezemfundo.
nokuzisa indlela yokufunda iyixhase kananjalo.
nokunceda ekuphakamiseni imigangatho yokufundisa nokufunda kwizikolo ezihlelelekileyo.
nokufundisa ixhase abahlohli.
nokunciphisa iyantlukano ngokwamanani.
nokuxhobisa abafundi ukuba bazibandakanye noluntu olunolwazi kwizizwe zehlabathi.
nokukhuthaza abafundi ukuba bazilungiselele umsebenzi kwiinkalo zenzululwazi, ezobunjineli nakwi-ICT.
Nokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izikolo ezikweli phondo, ezo zisemaphandleni, kanti nezi zikwimimandla yedolophu, zifikelela msinyane kwisetyhula nakwiinkcukacha zokulawula.
Indlela yokufumana ulwazi ngekhompyutha yeSebe lezeMfundo eNtshona Koloni, ezisa iinkcukacha ezisekelezwe kwinxiwa lekhompyutha kwaneenkonzo kubafundi, abazali, ootitshala, abalawuli bezikolo kwanabo bonke abachaphazelekayo kwimiba yezemfundo.
Iprojekthi yoBume bezifundo eqhubayo inendlela ezenzela ngokwayo ekusebenziseni ii- ICT kusenzelwa uphuhliso lobume bezifundo, ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo nenkxaso.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15082.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni lisebenzisa izicwangciso-qhinga eziliqela ukuqinisekisa ukuba eli phondo liyabuqwalasela ubugcisa beekhompyutha kwanobugcisa bonxibelelwano olumandla (ICT) kwezemfundo.
nokuzisa indlela yokufunda iyixhase kananjalo.
nokunceda ekuphakamiseni imigangatho yokufundisa nokufunda kwizikolo ezihlelelekileyo.
nokufundisa ixhase abahlohli.
nokunciphisa iyantlukano ngokwamanani.
nokuxhobisa abafundi ukuba bazibandakanye noluntu olunolwazi kwizizwe zehlabathi.
nokukhuthaza abafundi ukuba bazilungiselele umsebenzi kwiinkalo zenzululwazi, ezobunjineli nakwi-ICT.
nokuqokelela kwanokuhambisa iinkcukacha zokulawula.
Nokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izikolo ezikweli phondo, ezo zisemaphandleni, kanti nezi zikwimimandla yedolophu, zifikelela msinyane kwisetyhula nakwiinkcukacha zokulawula.
IKhanya Technology in Education Project, ephuhlisa nephumeza iindlela zokusebenzisa i-ICT ukuphucula indlela yokufundisa nokufunda ezikolweni.
IDassie Project, ephuhlisa nekwaphumeza iindlela zokuphucula ukufundisa nokufunda ekuqhubeni nemfundo ukuya kutsho kwiiKholeji zeMfundo noQeqesho.
Indlela yokufumana ulwazi ngekhompyutha yeSebe lezeMfundo eNtshona Koloni, ezisa iinkcukacha ezisekelezwe kwinxiwa lekhompyutha kwaneenkonzo kubafundi, abazali, ootitshala, abalawuli bezikolo kwanabo bonke abachaphazelekayo kwimiba yezemfundo.
Iprojekthi yoBume bezifundo eqhubayo inendlela ezenzela ngokwayo ekusebenziseni ii- ICT kusenzelwa uphuhliso lobume bezifundo, ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo nenkxaso.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15086.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abantwana baqhele ukuqala iBanga lokuqala kunyaka abaza kuba neminyaka esixhenxe bezelwe ngawo. Abantwana abazakuba neminyaka emithandathu apha enyakeni bangaqalisa esikolweni ukuba kubonakala besilungele.
Isebe lezeMfundo eNtshona Koloni (i-WCED) liphuhlise indlela yokuvavanya abantwana abancinane ukufumanisa ukuba basilungele na isikolo. Isebe eli liyisebenzise okokuqala le ndlela ngo-2002.
AmaZiko oLawulo noPhuhliso LweMfundo (EMDCs) alawula inkqubo yolu vavanyo.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha, qhagamshelana ne-EMDC ekufutshane nawe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15089.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kwasungulwa amaZiko oLawulo noPhuhliso lweMfundo (EMDC) laza lamiswa lalinye kwisithili ngasinye semfundo kwezisixhenxe ngo-2001 khon' ukuze kusondezwe inkxaso yolawulo nophuhliso ezikolweni kwanokunceda izikolo zibe nokujongana noxanduva nangakumbi zikwazi nokuzilawula zona ngokwazo.
uphuhliso lobume bezifundo ukwenziwa komfundi abaluleke kwanokunika inkxaso kubahlohli inkxaso kwindlela yokuphatha nakulawulo.
La maZiko akwakhuthaza nokubandakanyeka kwabazali kumaQumrhu aLawula iZikolo njengeZikolo ezinoKhuseleko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15092.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Bonke abafundi kufuneka bawahloniphe amalungelo abanye abafundi nabahlohli.
banikezela ngolwazi oluthe ngqo nekulula ukuluqonda ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo kubo bonke abasebenzi, abafundi kwakunye nabazali.
kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza koMgaqo-nkqubo wentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Isebe Lesizwe lezeMfundo liqulunqe umganqo-nkqubo wesizwe kulawulo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo ezikolweni. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe ujoliswe kubafundi nootitshala.
Amabhunga olawulo ezikolo kufuneka aqulunqe ze aqinisekise ukusetyenziswa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yawo, migaqo-nkqubo leyo kufuneka ihambelane nalo wesizwe. La mabhunga kufuneka akwenze oku ngentsebenziswano nabo bonke abantu namaqumrhu achaphazelekayo kulawulo lwezikolo.
Uxwebhu oluthi:'Wazi Amalungelo Noxanduva Lwakho' lunikezela ngolwazi kweyona miba iphambili nebalulekileyo kulo mgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe nokuba ungenziwa njani na umgaqo-nkqubo Wesikolo wemiba yentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15096.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
I-WCED ivule iZiko Elitsalelwa Iminxeba Lezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo njengengxenye yeNkqubo Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo.
Abahlohli, abafunda nabazali banokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yomnxeba engahlawulelwayo ukunikezela ingxelo ngobundlobongela, impatho-mbi, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala neziyobisi, ukonakaliswa kwempahla nezakhiwo kwakunye/okanye nobuqhophololo.
Abasebenzi beli Ziko bakuqeqeshelwe ukunikezela ngoncedo neengcebiso zokuqala ngekhompyutha kuhbantu abadinga uncedo. Ukuba olunye uncedo luyafuneka abatsali-minxeba bathunyelwa kwiingcali.
Inombolo yomnxeba engahlawulelwayo yeli Ziko ithi:0800 45 46 47.
Le nombolo ingahlawulelwayo isebenza ukusuka ngeMivulo ukuya kuma ngooLwezihlanu phakathi kwentsimbi yesibhozo kusasa ukuya kwicala emva kweyesixhenxe emva kwemini. Iminxeba eyenziwa ngempela-veki iyagcinwa ze iphendulwe ngeentsasa zeMivulo.
Abasebenzi beli Ziko banakho ukubanceda abatsali-minxeba ngesiBhulu, isiNgesi nesiXhosa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15096.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-WCED ivule iZiko Elitsalelwa Iminxeba Lezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo njengengxenye yeNkqubo Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo.
Abahlohli, abafunda nabazali banokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yomnxeba engahlawulelwayo ukunikezela ingxelo ngobundlobongela, impatho-mbi, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala neziyobisi, ukonakaliswa kwempahla nezakhiwo kwakunye/okanye nobuqhophololo.
Abasebenzi beli Ziko bakuqeqeshelwe ukunikezela ngoncedo neengcebiso zokuqala ngekhompyutha kuhbantu abadinga uncedo. Ukuba olunye uncedo luyafuneka abatsali-minxeba bathunyelwa kwiingcali.
Inombolo yomnxeba engahlawulelwayo yeli Ziko ithi:0800 45 46 47.
Le nombolo ingahlawulelwayo isebenza ukusuka ngeMivulo ukuya kuma ngooLwezihlanu phakathi kwentsimbi yesibhozo kusasa ukuya kwicala emva kweyesixhenxe emva kwemini. Iminxeba eyenziwa ngempela-veki iyagcinwa ze iphendulwe ngeentsasa zeMivulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15100.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Sonke isithuthi ezenziwe apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye eso senziwe kwelinye ilzwe ze sathunyelwa kweli kufuneka sibhaliswe ngaphambi kokuba sithunyelwe kwindawo yentengiso okanye sithengiswe.
Ukuba ungumenzi weemoto okanye ungumthumeli weemoto kweli, kufuneka ufake iphetshana lesiceloelingu-MVR1-MIB kwi-ofisi ekubhaliswa kuyo izithuthi.
isiqinisekiso sokuba iyilungele indlela.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15100.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Sonke isithuthi ezenziwe apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye eso senziwe kwelinye ilzwe ze sathunyelwa kweli kufuneka sibhaliswe ngaphambi kokuba sithunyelwe kwindawo yentengiso okanye sithengiswe.
inombolo yomzimba wemoto inombolo yenjini uhlobo lwemoto igama lodidi lwayo i-tare ngokweekilograms ubukhulu benjini ngokweesentimitha zetyhubhiki amandla apheleleyo enjini owona mbala wayo inombolo yedidi isiqinisekiso samapolisa esingqina ukuba akukho kwhiniba likhoyo malunga nemoto le isiqinisekiso sokuba iyilungele indlela.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15106.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Bonke abahlohli kufuneka babhalise neBhunga laBahlohli loMzantsi Afrika (SACE). Awunakho ukuqeshwa njengomhlohli ukuba awubhalisanga.
Ukuze ube kanti uyakwazi ukubhalisa, kufuneka ufake isicelo kwi-SACE, ufake iimpepha ezifunekayo (iikopi ezigximfiziweyo zeempepha zokufumana kwakho ubuhlohli kwakunye nekopi yencwadana yakho yesazisi) ze uhlawule imali yokubhalisa.
Iinkcukacha zenkqubo yokufaka isicelo ziyafumaneka kwi-website ye-SACE. Usenakho nokuzifumanela iphetshana lesicelo kwikhompyutha.
Ukuba isicelo sakho siphumelele, i-SACE iya kukubhalisa ze ikunike isiqinisekiso sokubhaliswa kwakho.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15113.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leMfundo leNtshona Koloni lixhobisa abahlohli nabafundi ngezinto ngezinto ekubonelelwa ngazo kwi-online.
Le venkile ineekhakathalogu zazo zonke izinto ezipapashiweyo ezifundisayo ezenziwe lisebe eli ezingathengwa kwalapha kwi-online.
Ithala leencwadi linekhathalogu nezibonelelo ze-intanethi ezingaluncedo kumhlohli okanye kumfundi.
uphuhliso lwezikolo iinkokeli zesikolo.
iincwadi namaphepha-ncwadi amaphepha-ndaba akwi-online izinto ezisanda kufunyanwa izinto ezipapashwe liSebe leMfundo.
Iziko eli likwanawo namakhonkco kunye neewebsite zeeNkonzo zeeNkcukacha zeThala leencwadi.
Iwebsite yeSchoolNet ineenkcukacha eziya kuba luncedo kubafundi nakubahlohli, ezisukela kwiinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zesikolo ukuza kuthi ga kwezi zibonelelo zezemfundo ezenziweyo zaza zagcinwa.
Le nethi yeZikolo (SchoolNet) ikwanceda amalungu ezikolo ukuba aseke ezawo iiwebsite needilesi ze-imeyili.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15115.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezimalunga nobhaliso lwezithuthi kufuneka udibane neziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi. Iingcombolo zesithuthi azinakukhutshwa kodwa zonke ezinye iinkcuckacha zingaqinisekiswa.
Kufuneka uthumele i-CDV kunye neSazisi sakho kunye nemali leyo ifunekayo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15115.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezimalunga nobhaliso lwezithuthi kufuneka udibane neziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi. Iingcombolo zesithuthi azinakukhutshwa kodwa zonke ezinye iinkcuckacha zingaqinisekiswa.
Kufuneka uthumele i-CDV kunye neSazisi sakho kunye nemali leyo ifunekayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15133.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abahloli beelayisenisi, abavavanyi bezithuthi, abahloli bamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, amagosa endlela nabaphathi kufuneka babhaliswe.
yidiploma efanelekileyo kufuneka ufaneleke ube ukhe waya kuqeqeshwa ngokumayela nemithetho esetyenziswayo malunga neempahla ezinobungozi (amagosa eendlela kuphela).
Ukwenza isicelo sokubhalisa kufuneka, ugcwalise iphetshanalesicelo elingu-RO ze uhlawule imali yobhaliso kwiCandelo lezoLawulo loMthetho leSebe lezoThutho neMisebenzi Yoluntu.
Xa ufaka iphetshana eli lesicelo, kufuneka uze neSazisi sakho idiploma iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba.
Kukho nentlawulo yama-R50 ekhutshwayo kwisigaba ngasinye xa ufuna ukubhalisa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15139.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iziko Lomculo iFrank Pietersen.
Eli ziko linabafundi Abamalunga namakhulu amahlanu yaye ligxininisa kwizifundo zefidyoli, ifidyoli enkulu, isikhaliso esikhudlwana kunefidyoli, ibhasi ephinwe kabini, imbande, iobho, ixilongo elenziwe ngomthi, ibhasuni, ixilongo lomculo, uphondo lwamaFrentshi, ixilongo, uhlobo oluthile lwexilono, ixilongo elikhulu lebhasi, ixilongo esandi kunye nezixhobo zokubetha isithonga.
Esi sikolo sinothotho lwee-okhestra zeengcingo, amaqela omoya kwakunye ne-okhetsra yesimfoni. IMusic for Africa Development Trust yasekwa sesi sikolo ukuqhuba iinkqubo zokufikelela kubafundi abasukakwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo.
Abafundi, ukuze bamkelwe kwesi sikolo, kufuneka baye kuvavanywa, futhi kuchongwa abo bavakala becula ngesakhono kwanabo babonisa ithemba lokukhula emculweni.
Malunga namakhulu amane anamashumi amathathu abafundi bangena kwesi sikolo ukususela kwiingingqi eziquka iCaledon, iHermanus, nePiketberg. Benza izifundo kwizixhobo ze-okhestra ezifana neengcingo, umoya ophuma eplangeni, ibhrasi nezixhobo zengxolo yesandi. Esi sikolo sinee-okhestra zomoya ezintlanu, ii-okhjestra zomoya ezintlanu kwakunye ne-okhestra yesimfoni. Ngaphezu koko, lilo lodwa iziko elinikezela nangezifundo zogwali.
Xa befuna ukufaka izicelo zokwamkelwa kwesi sikolo, abafundi kukwafuneka bevavanyiwe.
Eli iziko linikezela ngezifundo kwizixhobo zomculo kwakunye nenkqubo yeqela lomculo lenkosikazi, eliquka ukudlala kwiqela lemarimba, enikezelwa bucala. Ukucula wedwa kwakunye nomsebenzi weekwayala zikwanikezelwa kwesi sikolo njengezifundo kwikwayala yolutsha nakwikwayala yabadala.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15139.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli ziko linabafundi Abamalunga namakhulu amahlanu yaye ligxininisa kwizifundo zefidyoli, ifidyoli enkulu, isikhaliso esikhudlwana kunefidyoli, ibhasi ephinwe kabini, imbande, iobho, ixilongo elenziwe ngomthi, ibhasuni, ixilongo lomculo, uphondo lwamaFrentshi, ixilongo, uhlobo oluthile lwexilono, ixilongo elikhulu lebhasi, ixilongo esandi kunye nezixhobo zokubetha isithonga.
Abafundi, ukuze bamkelwe kwesi sikolo, kufuneka baye kuvavanywa, futhi kuchongwa abo bavakala becula ngesakhono kwanabo babonisa ithemba lokukhula emculweni.
Xa befuna ukufaka izicelo zokwamkelwa kwesi sikolo, abafundi kukwafuneka bevavanyiwe.
Eli iziko linikezela ngezifundo kwizixhobo zomculo kwakunye nenkqubo yeqela lomculo lenkosikazi, eliquka ukudlala kwiqela lemarimba, enikezelwa bucala. Ukucula wedwa kwakunye nomsebenzi weekwayala zikwanikezelwa kwesi sikolo njengezifundo kwikwayala yolutsha nakwikwayala yabadala.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15145.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo Lolawulo lweSebe Lezemfundo leNtshona Koloni linikezela ngothotho lweenkonzo kubafundi abakufumana kunzima ukufunda.
Eli candelo lolawulo lilawula amashumi asixhenxe anesixhenxe ezikolo zabafundi abanezidingo ezizodwa zemfundo kweli phondo (ELSEN). Iingcali zeELSEN zikwabekwe Kumaziko Olawulo Nophuhliso Lwemfundo (iiEMDC ngamafuphi) kuzo zosixhenxe izithili zemfundo zeNtshona Koloni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15145.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo Lolawulo lweSebe Lezemfundo leNtshona Koloni linikezela ngothotho lweenkonzo kubafundi abakufumana kunzima ukufunda.
Eli candelo lolawulo lilawula amashumi asixhenxe anesixhenxe ezikolo zabafundi abanezidingo ezizodwa zemfundo kweli phondo (ELSEN). Iingcali zeELSEN zikwabekwe Kumaziko Olawulo Nophuhliso Lwemfundo (iiEMDC ngamafuphi) kuzo zosixhenxe izithili zemfundo zeNtshona Koloni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15154.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Nokomethetho oyiNational Road Traffic Act, nawuphi na umntu ovelisa okanye othengisa iipleyiti zeenombolo-mbhalo zezithuthi kufuneka abe ubhalisiwe.
Ufaka isicelo malunga nokubhalisela ilayisenisi kumenzi weenombolo-mbhalo, uzalise ifomu engu-MNP uze uyithumele kwiCandelo loMthetho woLawulo kwiSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi Yoluntu.
imali engummiselo ehlawulwayo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15154.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ufaka isicelo malunga nokubhalisela ilayisenisi kumenzi weenombolo-mbhalo, uzalise ifomu engu-MNP uze uyithumele kwiCandelo loMthetho woLawulo kwiSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi Yoluntu.
nesazisi sakho imali engummiselo ehlawulwayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15164.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abazali abafuna ukubonelela abantwana babo ngemfundo yasekhaya kufuneka babhalise kwi- WCED.
Oku kubhalisa kujongene neemfuno zomfundi lowo.
Imfundo ekubonelelwa ngayo ekhayeni apho iya kumelana nezona mfuno zingundoqo zemfundo efumaneka kwizikolo zikarhulumente.
Le mfundo yasekhaya iya kuba yekumgangatho ongekho sezantsi komgangatho wemfundo enikezelwa kwizikolo zikarhulumente.
Abazali baya kuthobela nayiphi na imiqathango emiselwe yiNtloko yeSebe lezeMfundo.
Oku kubhalisa kungarhoxiswa.
Yazise umzali ze imnike nezizathu zoko.
Inike umzali ithuba lokuba azithethelele.
Umzali angafaka isibheno kuMphathiswa wephondo kwezeMfundo ngokukhatywa kwesicelo sakhe sokubhalisa umfundi okanye ukurhoxiswa koko kubhaliswa.
Ukuba umfundi obebhaliselwe imfundo yasekhaya uthi ekuhambeni kwexesha amkelwe kwisikolo sikarhulumente okanye esizimeleyo, umzali kufuneka acele iNtloko yeSebe lezeMfundo ngembalelwano ukuba iphelise ukubhaliselwa imfundo yasekhaya komfundi lowo.
Izicelo zenziwa kwiphetshana lesicelo elenzelwe oko elinokufumaneka kweli Sebe.
Umzali kufuneka angenise elo phetshana lesicelo ligcwalisiweyo nekopi yesiqinisekiso sokuzalwa komfundi lowo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15169.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni (iWCED) liyajongisisa ukuba abantwana ababhaliselwe imfundo yasekhaya benza umsebenzi ohambelana nezidingo zemfundo ngokuthiwa thaca leli sebe yaye bayavavanywa futhi bazuza iziphumo ezidingekayo kubantwana abakwelo banga.
Agcine iimpepha zendlela umntwana asihamba ngayo isikolo.
Agcine zonke iimpepha ezinemisebenzi yomfundi lowo.
Agcine iimpepha ezinendlela umfundi lowo aqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Agcine iinkcukacha zenkxaso anikwa yona umfundi lowo kwizifundo ezo.
Agcine ubungqina bendlela yovavanyo oluqhubekekayo lomsebenzi womfundi lowo.
Agcine ubungqina bolo vavanyo kunye/okanye neemviwo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye.
Agcine ubungqina ekupheleni kwamabanga 3, 6 kunye nele-9 apho abonisa khona ukuba iziphumo ezidingekayo kula mabanga zizuziwe okanye hayi.
Ezi mpepha zineziphumo zomfundi kufuneka zivuleleke kwiSebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni ukuba lizihlole. Zonke iziphumo ezifanele ukugcinwa kufuneka zigcinwe iminyaka emithathu.
Ekupheleni kwebakala ngalinye, abazali kufuneka baqashe umntu okuqeqeshelweyo ukuvavanya, ongqinwa nayiNtloko yeSebe lezeMfundo, ukuba avavanye indlela abantwana abaqhuba ngayo ekupheleni kwelo bakala.
Umzali angadibana nesikolo sikarhulumente okanye esizimeleyo esibhalisiweyo ukuba simncedise afumane umntu okulungeleyo ukuvavanya abantwana kwelo banga.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15177.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Job creation and road maintenance at De Hoop Nature Reserve.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15178.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Le Projekthi inezi njongo: Ukuphucula iinkonzo zeeteksi. Ukuphucula indlela yokhuseleko lwabahambi. Ukukhuthaza imisebenzi efikelelekayo. Ukuphucula indlela eya kubenza bangaxhamleki abahambi. Ukutshintsha indlela yentlawulo eyikheshi kushishino lweeteksi kungahlawulwa ikheshi. Ukubekwa kweliso ekusebenziseni indlela, ukuyisebenziswa kwanengeniso. Ukubeka iliso kwiinkalo eziphambili kwizithuthi nakwiingxelo ezinxaxhileyo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15189.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Bafikelela kumashumi amahlanu ngexesha abafundisi-ntsapho abathi bahlalele uqeqesho kweli ziko, qeqesho olo luthabatha iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo. Ngexesha lolu qeqesho ke abafundisi-ntsapho abaya kuthabatha indawo yabanye baqalisa ngezofundo zabo.
Ezinye iinkqubo zoqeqesho ziquka ukuqeqeshelwa amaphulo athile, maphulo lawo afana nokuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa kweenjongo komqulu wesizwe olungisiweyo weendlela zokufundisa nokufunda.
<fn>GOV-ZA.15195.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
I-WCED yazisa ngezithuba zabahlohli kwiwebsite yayo. Unakho ukukhangela ngenqanaba lomsebenzi-ngomsebenzi, ngesikolo, ihlonyelwa-dolophu, idolophu kwakunye nangesithili semfundo. Le website iqulethe iinkcukacha zeemfuno zesicelo eso yaye ungawafumana amaphetshana okufaka izicelo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15220.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isiqinisekiso sokulungela indlela kwesithuthi singafumaneka kuso nasiphi na isikhululo sokuvavanywa kwezithuthi sabucala okanye saseburhulumenteni.
Iphetshana lovavanyo olupheleleyo lokulungela indlela kwesithuthi liyafumaneka kwiPhepha-ndaba likaRhulumentelomhla wama-23 wenyanga yeNkanga apha ku-2005 (onombolo ingu-28227).
<fn>GOV-ZA.15243.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abanini-zimoto bangafaka isicelo xa befuna amaphepha-mvume eenombolo-mbhalo abazithandayo.
Izicelo zingafakwa ngqo kwiCandelo Lemicimbi Yendlela, okanye ke ungaqhagamshelana necandelo elijongene nokubhalisa iinqwelo-mafutha.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo senombolo-mbhalo wenqwelo-mafutha ethandwe nguwe, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise ze ungenise iphetshana lesicelo kwi-SLN1, sikhatshwe yikopi yakho yencwadana yesazisi yaseMzantsi Afrika. Abafaki-zicelo abenzela amashishini abo kufuneka banikezele nangeSiqinisekiso Sokubhaliswa Kwicandelo Lezothutho (esinikezelwa licandelo elijongene nokubhaliswa kwezihuthi) okanye ke ikopi yeSiqinisekiso Sokubhaliswa Kweshishini elo (enikezelwa ngumbhexeshi wecandelo lokubhaliswa kwamashishini) kwakunye yencwadana yesazisi yaseMzantsi Afrika yommeli welo shishini.
Izicelo ezithunyelwe ngefeksi ziphendulwa kwisithuba seeyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine zifikile.
incwadana yembalwano echaza oko incwadana ecela intlawulo.
incwadana egunyazisa le ndawo iza kwenza loo nombolo-mbhalo ukuba iqhubekeke iyenze.
Kufuneka ke ubhalise isityhuthi eso sakho kwiziko lecandelo elijongene nokubhaliswa kwezithuthi. Le ncwadana igunyazisa ukunikwa kwakho le nombolo uyifunayo kwakunye nesiqinisekiso se-PLN2 zikuvumela ukuba ufumane isiqinisekiso sokubhaliswa nokulungela indlela kwesithuthi sakho usebenzisa kwale nombolo yakho ikhethekileyo. Ezi nkcenkce zeenombolo-mibhalo ezithandwe ngabanini-zo kufuneka zenziwe ngamashishini anegunya lokwenza oko.
Ukuze ukwazi ukugcina okanye udlulisele inombolo yakho eyodwa kwesinye isithuthi, ungathumela iphetshana lokufaka isicelo kwicandelo leenombolo-mibhalo zezithuthi. Iizicelo ezi kufuneka zikhatshwe yincwadana yesazisi yomfaki-sicelo lowo kwakunye Nesiqinisekiso Sokubhaliswa Kwicandelo Lezothutho okanye ke iSiqinisekiso Sokubhaliswa Kweshishini, leyo ifanelekileyo.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha, ungaqhagamshelana neziko elamkela iminxeba leCape Gateway kule nombolo yomnxeba 0860 142 142.
Kuya kusetyenziswa imiqathango eyodwa ekusetyenzisweni kwezi nkcenkce zineenombolo ezizodwa.
Intlawulo Yokubhalisa: R69.
<fn>GOV-ZA.152852.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.15823.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMbhiyozo weKapa Elifundayo ukhuthaza ukufunda ubhiyozele inzuzo zabafundi. Yaye kwakhona ityhilela abantu ababudala bahlukeneyo ngamathuba anabileyo nawahluka-hlukeneyo emfundo, ikhuthaza uthando lwemfundo kubantu basekuhlaleni, yondle intsebenziswano phakathi kwabo banikezela ngemfundo noqeqesho, ze incedise ekufikeleleni lula kumathuba emfundo.
Owokuqala uMbhiyozo weKapa Elifundayo wawubanjwe ukusuka ngomhla we-8 kweyeThupha ukuya kuma ngowe-9 kweyoMsintsi ka-2002, phakathi kwelo xesha imidlalo neziganeko ezingaphezu kwama-500 zabanjwa. UMbhiyozo oqukanisa iintsuku eziliqela ezivulekileyo kunye nokunikezelwa kweembasa, kwakunye nemiboniso ngesithunzi semfundo entsha engeniswayo kwakunye neenkqubo zoqeqesho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.158257.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.15907.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.15910.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.16031.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ukuba ayikonwabisi inkonzo okanye imveliso, unalo ilungelo lokukhalaza. Unakho ukufaka izikhalazo zakho njengoMthengi kwiMisebenzi Yabathengi kwakunye noRhwebo olunoBulungisa.
IiNkonzo Zabathengi neNtengiso Enobulungisa inikezela ngolwazi eLuntwini ngamalungelo njengabaThengi okanye abaSebenzisi beZinto.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.16130.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.16234.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Indlela Yophuhliso Lwezakhono ijolise ekuboneleleni ngesikhokelo sokuphuhlisa nokufezekisa izicwangciso-maqhinga zamacandelo nezeendawo zempangelo zokuphucula izakhono zabasebenzi.
Izifundo Ezifutshane Kwezolimo iSebe Lezolimo leNtshona Kapa linikezela ngothotho lwezifundo ezifutshane unyaka lo: Amacandelo anikezelwayo kwezi zifundo aquka: ukulima nokufuya ngendlela ephangaleleyo, ukuveliswa kwemifuno neziqhamo, izifundo ngokulinywa kwemidiliya, ukufuya nokushishina ngezilwanyana, izifundo zobunjineli kwezolimo, ulawulo kwanoqoqosho lwezolimo, inzululwazi ngomntu nangoluntu jikeleleIncwadi yabo equlethe iinkcukacha ngezifundo inikezela ngoluhlu...
ISebe Lezolimo linikezela ngengcaciso kwimisebenzi ngemisebenzi ekunokukhethwa kuyo kwiCandelo Lezolimo:iingcali kwezezitiya nemiyezo nokukhuliswa kwezityalo ngezichumisi emanzini okanye entlabathini nakuhlalutye, izazinzulu kwezokutya/iingcali zobugcisa, uphendlo lwezifo zezityalo, izazinzulu kwinkalo yonyango lwezilwanyana.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16293.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMphathiswa wePhondo eli linoxanduva lomgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho nowezezimali. Ikwalilo elijongene nokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe nowephondo kuqoqosho nezimali, oko kusenzeka ngenxa yomsebenzi weSebe loPhuhliso loQoqosho noKhenketho kwanecandelo likaNondyebo wePhondo leNtshona Koloni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.164009.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.16475.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise isithuthi ebesikhe safakelwa izinto, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso se-Weighbridge.
Isithuthi sakho siviwa ubunzima kwindawo leyo yoksiulungisa okanye sibhaliswe kwelinye isetyana.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.16482.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zintathu iindidi zemigaqo: yeyesizwe, eyephondo neyedolophu. Ezi ndidi zemigaqo ke zakhiwa ze zigcinwe zilungele ukusebenza ngamaqumrhu ahlukeneyo.
Ukwakhiwa nokugcinwa kwesimo esilungele ukusetyenziswa kwemigaqo luxanduva lwecandelo leSebe Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntu iRoads Infrastructure.
Xa ufuna ukunikezela ingxelo ngemeko yemigaqo yephondo, ungatsalela kule nombolo yomnxeba 021 483 2011 okanye ke uqhagamshelane neOfisi Yemigaqo Yesithili okanye ke uthethe neNjineli Yemigaqo Yesithili.
Imigaqo yesizwe iphantsi kweliso leQumrhu Lemigaqo Yesizwe. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ngemeko ekuyo ngalo eli xesha imigaqo yesizwe, cofa apha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16506.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ngaba ufumene ingozi, kufuneka uyixele emapoliseni aya kuthi ke wona enze ingxelo ngayo.
AbeeNkonzo zamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika ngabo abagcina iingxelo malunga neengozi ezithe zehla kwanamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho asaphandwayo. Qhagamshelana nesikhululo samapolisa esikummandla lowo ithe yenzeka kuwo ingozi ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha.
Oomaspala ugcina zonke iingxelo ezimalunga neengozi ezenzeka kwindawo yabo xa kungekho tyala lalaphulo-mthetho liphandawayo.
Zonke ezinye iingxelo ezimalunga neengozi zigcinwa liSebe lezoThutho neMisebenzi yakwaRhulumente.
Iikopi zeengxelo ezimalunga neengozi ezivela kwiZibonelelo zeeNdlela zeSixeko saseKapa zibiza i-R150.00.
Iikopi zeengxelo ezimalunga neengozi ezivela kwiZibonelelo zeeNdlela zeSixeko saseKapa zibiza i-R150.00.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.16506.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ngaba ufumene ingozi, kufuneka uyixele emapoliseni aya kuthi ke wona enze ingxelo ngayo.
AbeeNkonzo zamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika ngabo abagcina iingxelo malunga neengozi ezithe zehla kwanamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho asaphandwayo. Qhagamshelana nesikhululo samapolisa esikummandla lowo ithe yenzeka kuwo ingozi ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha.
Oomaspala ugcina zonke iingxelo ezimalunga neengozi ezenzeka kwindawo yabo xa kungekho tyala lalaphulo-mthetho liphandawayo.
Zonke ezinye iingxelo ezimalunga neengozi zigcinwa liSebe lezoThutho neMisebenzi yakwaRhulumente.
Iikopi zeengxelo ezimalunga neengozi ezivela kwiZibonelelo zeeNdlela zeSixeko saseKapa zibiza i-R150.00.
Iikopi zeengxelo ezimalunga neengozi ezivela kwiZibonelelo zeeNdlela zeSixeko saseKapa zibiza i-R150.00.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16586.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ekuqaleni konyaka wezifundo ka-2012, wonke umhlohli kuso sonke isikolo saseNtshona Koloni uya kuxhotyiswa ukuze abe nokusebenzisa ubugisa obufanelekileyo nobukhoyo ngelo xeshaxa befundisa kuye nawuphi na umfundi kweli phondo.
Iya kuqala ngezona zikolo zihlelelekileyo, iKhanya isebenzela ukunciphisa ukungahlangani ngokobugcisa kwanokuzuza ukulingana ngokobuhlanga nangokwesini.
Yintoni kanye-kanye eli Phulo leKhanya?
Iphulo iKhanya linyathelo leSebe Lemfundo aseNtshona Koloni, nelaqala ngenyanga kaTshazimpunzi ngo-2001. Eli phulo lijongana neendlela zokusebenzisa ulwazi, unxibelelwano nobugcisa bomculo ukuphucula ukufundisa nokufunda, okanye ukunikezelwa kwezifundo ezikolweni.
Injongo kukuba wonke umhlohli waseNtshona Koloni uya kuhamba ahambe abusebenzise ubugcisa, bugcisa obo bufana neekhomyutha noomabona-kude, ekufundiseni. Oku ke kunganceda ekunciphiseni ukungoneli kwabahlohli abaqeqeshiweyo kwizikolo ezininzi. Eli phulo likwalindele ukuba abafundi baya kuba nakho ukusebenzisa iikhomyutha ngeenjongo zokufunda.
Izixhobo ezifana neekhomyutha kwakunye nokunye okufana neenkqubo zeekhompyutha ziyanikezelwa ezikolweni. Ukusetyenziswa nokunikezelwa kwazo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zesikolo eso.
Nangona ke zonke kuya kuthi kujoliswe kuzo zonke izikolo ekuhambeni kwexesha, eli phulo sele liqalwe apho kuyimfuneko kakhulu futhi nalapho kukhangeleka ngathi kungazuzwa khona iziqhamo.
Ngoko ke eli phulo lijolise kwizikolo eziphantsi kolawulo olusemgangathweni kwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo ezineziphumo zemfundo ezixolisayo, apho ubugcisa obutsha buya kwenza owona mahluko kubomi babahlohli nobabafundi. Izikolo ziyamenywa ukuba zizimanye neli phulo xa abasebenzi bazo benakho ukumelana nokusebenzisa ubugcisa babufake kwindlela abahlohla ngayo.
Eli phulo sele lenze uthelekelelo ukufumanisa ukuba isikolo ngasinye sibudinga kangakanani, njani ubugcisa. Iindlela zoqhagamshelwano ngeekhompyutha zisekelwe ukukwazi ukusebenza nge-internet kwakunye nezixhobo zomculo kwizikolo ngokobunye bazo, ngendela yokuphendula kwiimfuno zazo zezixhobo zobugcisa.
Izikolo ezingama-490 zithe zafumana uncedo ukuze zisebenzise ubugcisa bonxibelelwano ngendlela eyenza umahluko.
Kusetyenziswa iikhompyutha ezifikelela kuma-18,306 kungoku nje zizikolo zaseKkhayelitsha (yaye kweli nani, ama-10,561 athe afumana inkxaso-mali kwiKhanya okanye kwimibutho esebenzisana nayo, ze eziseleyo ezingama-7,745 zafunyanwa zizikolo zona ngokwazo).
Kungoku nje abahlohli abangama-13,034 baxhotyiswa ngezakhono zokusebenzisa obu bugcisa bonxibelelwano ngendlela eza kuphucula indlela abahlohla ngayo.
IKhanya le ine- website egqibeleleyo nequlethe iinkcukacha ngeentshukumo zayo kwizikolo nemimandla ethile, kwakunye neempendulo kwimibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo ngephulo eli.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16602.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkonzo yothutho yeDial-a-Ride ilunguselelwe abantu abangenakho ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zothutho ngenxa yeemfuno zabo ezizodwa.
Le nkonzo iqhutywa iintsuku ezisixhenxe ngeveki phakathi kwentsimbi ye-06h00 neye-19h00.
Kuya kuqala kunikwe indawo lowo uqale wafika, olo bekelo -ndawo lusenziwa kwisithuba seentsuku ezisixhenxe phambi komhla wohambo, kodwa ingabi lusuku olunye oluphakathi evekeni ngaphambi komhla wohambo. Ke ngoko, ukuba ufuna ukuhamba rhoqo ukuya okanye uvela emsebenzini, kufuneka umana ubhalisa rhoqo ngenyanga de kube ziinyanga ezintandathu.
Ukubhalisa xa ufuna ukusebenzisa inkonzo yeDiala-a-Ride, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo iphetshana lesicelo ulithumele kule dilesi, Dial-a -Ride, P.O. Box 102, Observatory, 7935. Isicelo sakho siya kujongwa ngokuqwalasela ukuba unganakho na okanye akunako ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zothutho lukawonkewonke.
Ingingqi kaMaspala weSixeko saseKapa yahlula-hlulwe yayimimandla elithoba njengoko kubonakala kwimephu. Iindleko zibalwa, ngokuthi kuxhomekeke ekubeni mingaphi imimandla oyidlulayo.
R5.00 - Ukuba uhamba-hamba kummandla omnye okanye uhamba umgama ongaphantsi kwe-10km.
R18.00 - Ukuba uhamba-hamba kwimimadla emine okanye engaphezu kwesine.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16607.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Izithuthi ezihambisa abantu eziziintlobo ngeentlobo zikho kwaye zibalungele abakhenkethi abatyelela iNtshona Koloni. Ezi zithuthi zibandakanya iibhasi, ishuttles, iimetered taxis kunye neenkonzo zothutho zekontrakthi.
Okanye tsalela iMetro Trans kule nombolo yasimahla 0800 65 64 63 (maxa onke) ufumane iinkcukacha.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.16638.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza Ngabantu afumaneka kwiBhodi yamaphepha-mvume Okuthutha Uluntu.
iinkcukacha zesithuthi sakho.
Kufuneka utyikitye nesigqibo esifungelweyo esichaza ukuba awuzange wakha wachaphazeleka kwizenzo zobundlobongela okanye kumatyala amakhulu okanye wakha wabanjelwa ukubandakanyeka ekuphatheni izixhobo ezingekho mthethweni. Kukho intlawulo yezolawulo engama-R25 ekufuneka ihlawulwe.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza asebenza iminyaka emihlanu owona mlinganiselo mkhulu.
Ukuze ukulungele ukufumanaiphepha-mvume lokusebenza ngokuthutha uluntu, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba kufuneka ube lilungu elipheleleyo lombutho woonoteksi obhalisiweyo. Umbutho woonoteksi ubhaliswa kuMphathi Wemiba Yeeteksi yePhondo.
Wakuba ulifumeneiphepha-mvume lokusebenza, kufuneka uliphathe uliveze xa igosa lendlela lifina ukuba wenjenjalo, kwaye kufuneka uncamathisele uphawu olwahlukileyo kwelomnye umbutho kwisithuthi sakho.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.16651.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMaspala waseKapa waseka iNkonzo yeZothutho loLuntu elungiselelwe izithulu. Oku kujika abantu ananengxaki yokungeva kakuhle ngeendlebe ukuba bafumane iinkcukacha malunga nezothutho, umzekelo: amaxesha okuhamba kweebhasi, iindlela ezihamba ngazo kwakunye nezikhululo eziya kuzo, oko bekufumana ngokutsalela kwiminxeba yakwaTelkom kusetyenziswa isixhobo esincedisa ukumamela ekuthiwa yiTeldem. Ezi nkcukacha zifumaneka ngawo onke amaxa (iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku) ngeentsuku zonke (iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki).
<fn>GOV-ZA.16664.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu likhuthaza ukuba abasebenzi balo bafunde bade bakhokhobe. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku eli Sebe liyazixhasa iiNkqubo zeMfundo Engundoqo Noqeqesho Lwabadala. Abafundi be-ABET abaqeqeshwa usuku olunye ngeveki bangagqiba nje amanqanaba e-ABET ukusuka kwelo-1 ukuya kwele-4 kunye/okanye bagqibe ibanga leshumi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.16664.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu likhuthaza ukuba abasebenzi balo bafunde bade bakhokhobe. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku eli Sebe liyazixhasa iiNkqubo zeMfundo Engundoqo Noqeqesho Lwabadala. Abafundi be-ABET abaqeqeshwa usuku olunye ngeveki bangagqiba nje amanqanaba e-ABET ukusuka kwelo-1 ukuya kwele-4 kunye/okanye bagqibe ibanga leshumi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16674.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Sebe lijongene nezikolo namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo oqeqesho ukwazisa umfundi ngeenkalo apho izakhono zinqongopheleyo khona, oko kusenziwa ngokubaqhelanisa nezi nkalo.
Ungaqhagamshelana neli Sebe ukuze kwenziwe amalungiselelo okuya kwisikolo sakho okanye kwiziko lemfundo elo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16678.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abafundi bafumana amava oqeqesho ngeli xesha besafunda kwiSebe LeZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko kusenziwa ngokwenkqubo yoqeqesho. Abaqeqeshwa aba baye bafakwe kwiinkalo ezithile zokuqeqeshwa befunda, baze bahlawulwe ngomsebenzi abawenzileyo.
Umqeqeshwa ngamnye uye angene kwisivumelwano kunye neSebe eli.
Ngo-2003 iPeninsula Technikon yalijiza ngelona bhaso liphezulu eli Sebe kwisigaba sabaqeshi abakhulu, kwiinkampani ezongama-600 ezizimeleyo kwanezikaRhulumentente, ngenxa yendima eliyidlalayo yokunika abafundi uqeqesho olululo nolubaxhobisa ngamava.
Ukufaka isicelo sokuqeqeshwa ufunda, kufuneka ube ubhaliswe kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo kungoku nje.
Ungadibana ne-Ofisi yeMicimbi yaBafundi yeSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko ukwenza ngokudlula kumagosa emfundo akwidyunivesithi okanye kwiteknikon okuyo.
Kufuneka uthumele inceadi yembalelwano engqinisisa ukuba ubhalisiwe ngenene kuloo nkalo yemfundo uyikhankanyileyo kunye neCV yakho.
Ukuba kukho imfuneko yokuba umfundi lowo wenza izifundo ezizodwa kwinkalo ethile yezemfundo, iSetyana elo lichaphazelekayo kufuneka lenze, futhi liqhube udliwano-ndlebe olufutshane nomfaki-sicelo ze limthathe umqeqeshwa lowo.
Umbeki-liso uye adityaniswe nomqeqeshwa ngamnye ukuze abancede aze akhangele indlela abayiqhuba ngayo imisebenzi yabo yeesivumelwano esibophelelayo.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha dibana noJacques van Eeden okanye uJuanita Isaacs.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.16678.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abafundi bafumana amava oqeqesho ngeli xesha besafunda kwiSebe LeZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko kusenziwa ngokwenkqubo yoqeqesho. Abaqeqeshwa aba baye bafakwe kwiinkalo ezithile zokuqeqeshwa befunda, baze bahlawulwe ngomsebenzi abawenzileyo.
Umqeqeshwa ngamnye uye angene kwisivumelwano kunye neSebe eli.
Ukufaka isicelo sokuqeqeshwa ufunda, kufuneka ube ubhaliswe kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo kungoku nje.
Ungadibana ne-Ofisi yeMicimbi yaBafundi yeSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko ukwenza ngokudlula kumagosa emfundo akwidyunivesithi okanye kwiteknikon okuyo.
Kufuneka uthumele inceadi yembalelwano engqinisisa ukuba ubhalisiwe ngenene kuloo nkalo yemfundo uyikhankanyileyo kunye neCV yakho.
Ukuba kukho imfuneko yokuba umfundi lowo wenza izifundo ezizodwa kwinkalo ethile yezemfundo, iSetyana elo lichaphazelekayo kufuneka lenze, futhi liqhube udliwano-ndlebe olufutshane nomfaki-sicelo ze limthathe umqeqeshwa lowo.
Umbeki-liso uye adityaniswe nomqeqeshwa ngamnye ukuze abancede aze akhangele indlela abayiqhuba ngayo imisebenzi yabo yeesivumelwano esibophelelayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16762.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo le-Statistics South Africa lenza uPhando malunga nezoHambo kwiSizwe, egameni leSebe lezoThutho lweSizwe ukususela ngomhla wama- 25 kuMeyi ukuya kumhla wama-20 kuJuni 2003.
Olu phando lwanika uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo malunga nezithuthi zoluntu ezingahlulwahlulwa ngokwesini, iindlela zothutho, imimandla yamaphandle neyeedolophu, kwaneengingqi zocwangciso zoomasipala (umz. iilokishi nemimandla esezidolophini eJohannesburg).
Lwaqhutywa olu phando ngokwenziwa kokuphanda kwimizi engama-50 000 kwilo lonke ilizwe ukukhangela iipateni zokuhamba kwanohlobo lwezithuthi abazisebenzisayo ukuya emisebenzini, ezibhedlele nasezikolweni.
ISebe lezoThutho lweSizwe labona ukuba ikho imfuneko yokwenziwa kophando ngenxa yokuba akukho sixhobo sithembekileyo esineenkcukacha esingasetyenziswa ukwenza umlinganiselo eyona nto iphambili ekhankanyiweyo kwizinto ezalathisa indlela owenziwa ngayo umsebenzi ngokwePhepha leNgcaciso yoMgaqo-nkqubo nomthetho oyi Land Transport Transition Act kubasebenzisi bezithuthi.
Iziphumo zolu phando ziya kuza neenkcukacha ezimalunga neSebe lezoThutho leSizwe, nkcukacha ezo ziya kunceda ekucwangciseni nasekuncedeni ekujoliseni kutyalo-mali oluza ngezothutho kwanakubonelelo ngemali.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.16762.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Lwaqhutywa olu phando ngokwenziwa kokuphanda kwimizi engama-50 000 kwilo lonke ilizwe ukukhangela iipateni zokuhamba kwanohlobo lwezithuthi abazisebenzisayo ukuya emisebenzini, ezibhedlele nasezikolweni.
ISebe lezoThutho lweSizwe labona ukuba ikho imfuneko yokwenziwa kophando ngenxa yokuba akukho sixhobo sithembekileyo esineenkcukacha esingasetyenziswa ukwenza umlinganiselo eyona nto iphambili ekhankanyiweyo kwizinto ezalathisa indlela owenziwa ngayo umsebenzi ngokwePhepha leNgcaciso yoMgaqo-nkqubo nomthetho oyi Land Transport Transition Act kubasebenzisi bezithuthi.
Iziphumo zolu phando ziya kuza neenkcukacha ezimalunga neSebe lezoThutho leSizwe, nkcukacha ezo ziya kunceda ekucwangciseni nasekuncedeni ekujoliseni kutyalo-mali oluza ngezothutho kwanakubonelelo ngemali.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16779.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkqubo yocalucalulo yayiyilwe ngendlela eqinisekisa ukuba abo bahlelelekileyo nabakwangabasebenzi bahlala kwezona ndawo zakha zakude kwiindawo zokusebenza. Abantu abaninzi ke ngoko bathembele kwizithuthi zikawonkewonke.
URhulumente wePhondo uqulunqe isicwangciso-qhinga sokuvuselela inkqubo yezothutho ezisetyenziswa nguwonkewonke waza waqwalasela iingxaki ezithile ezidalwe zezi zibonelelo zikhayo kungoku nje.
Le projekthi lilinge elidityanelweyo liSebe lezoThutho neMisebenzi yakwaRhulumente kunye neSixeko saseKapa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.16831.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika yaye uhambela elinye ilizwe, kuza kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe. Imiqathango yokungena uMzantsi Afrika, Ngubani ekufuneka efake isicelo sephetshana londwendwela okwexeshana Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana?
Ukuzama ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwecesina emthubi, abahambi abanqumla imida yamazwe apho icesina emthubi igqugqisa khona kufuneka besigonyelwe esi sifo. Siyintoni iSiqinisekiso seCesina eMthubi Ingaba ukhona umntu ongenakuba nayo uCesina eMthubi, wenzeka ntoni xa ungenaso esi siqinisekiso?
Ukuba ungathanda ukusebenzela inkampani, iclose corporation, inkampani ethutha abakhenkethi phantsi kwesibhambathiso okanye ke uqeshwe njengomkhokeli wabakhenkethi, okanye ke ukuba ufuna ukuba ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi ozimeleyo, kufuneka ubhalise kwi-ofisi yeli phondo yeSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.16834.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
ISebe leeNtengiso Norhwebo (dti) libonelela ngenkonzo yokunikezela ngomkhomba-ndlela kwiinkampani ezinomnqweno wokuza kuvula amashishini eMzantsi Afrika. Oku kwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwecandelo elkhethekileyo le-dti ebizwa ngokuba yi-Trade and Investment South Africa okaye i-TISA ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi.
Isebe lezeNtengiso noShishino libonelela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha kwikhompyutha kubantu abafuna ukurhweba noMzantsi Afrika.
Isebe Lezentengiso Noshishino libonelela ngolwazi kubathengisi bamanye amazwe ngolawulo lwentengiso yamazwe ngamazwe, kuquka:ukulungiswa kweerhafu nezaphulelo, ukungalahlwa nokulinganiswa, ulawulo lokurhwebela ngaphakathi kwilizwe nangaphandle.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.170139.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.170141.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17122.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luqulethe iinkcukacha ezihamba ngokwamanqanaba ezinto ekufuneka uzenzile ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yesithuthi.
Uncede nabani na owenzakeleyo.
Ufumanise ukuba umonakalo ungakanani na.
Ufumane zonke iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.
Unikezele ingxelo ngale ngozi emapoliseni.
Musa ukuphazamisana nobungqina.
Zazi iziphumo ezinokuza nomthetho.
Amapolisa aya kugcwalisa ingxelo yengozi leyo, egcinwa mhlawumbi yi-SAPS, umaspala okanye liSebe lePhondo Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntu, futhi kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuvulwe ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho na nokuba ingozi leyo yehle kwingingqi yolawulo lwaloo maspala na. Zonke iingxelo zeengozi zezithuthi ngaphandle kweengingqi zolawulo loomaspala, apho kungekho tyala lalwaphulo-mthetho liphandwayo, zigcinwa leli Sebe.
Ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yesithuthi ebangela ukonzakala okanye ukuphulukana nobomi kuye nabani na, okanye ebangela umonakalo kwimpahla okanye isilwanyana, umthetho ukuyalela ukuba umise isithuthi eso.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungasimisi isithuthi sakho emva kwengozi, futhi ungohlwaywa imali efikelela kumashumi amathathu anesithandathu amawaka eerandi, okanye uvalelwe uthothoze emjiva ixesha eliya kwisithoba seminyala, okanye zombini.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba usimise isithuthi sakho okanye unikezele ingxelo ngengozi ukuba uthi umbonzeleke emthini ze wonakalise isithuthi sakho kuphela futhi ibe nguwe kuphela owenzakeleyo. Kodwa ke, ukuba uthi wonakalise impahla yomnye umntu, kufuneka umise ze unikezele ingxelo ngale ngozi emapoliseni kwesona sikhululo samapolisa sikufutshane.
Xa umisa, kufuneka ukhanyise izikhanyisi zakho ezichaza ukuba usengozini ukuyala abaqhubi bezinye izithuthi ngale ngozi.
Emva kokuba umisile, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kukho mntu wenzakeleyo na, futhi umncede kangangoko unakho. Kufuneka futhi ubize inkonzo yohlangulo ekhawulezileyo. Inombolo yesizwe yexesha likaxakeka esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku ngu-084 124 okanye ungatsalela namapolisa kule nombolo 10111.
Ukuba awazi nto ngoncedo lokuqala, qaphela ungenzi nantoni na enokwandisa ukwenzakala oko.
Ngaphandle kokuba nawe udinga uncedo, kufuneka uhlale kwindawo yengozi leyo de igosa lasebupoliseni lithi ungahamba. Ungabekwa ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho xa unokungamncedi umntu owenzakeleyo kuloo ngozi.
Kuya kufuneka ufumanise ukuba ungakanani na umonakalo odalwe yile ngozi kwimpahla nezakhiwo.
Kufuneka unikezele igama nedilesi yakho nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi sakho kuye nabani na onokuzidinga.
amagama agcweleyo iinombolo zeencwadana zezazisi iidilesi iinkcukacha zeenombolo zeminxeba iinombolo-mibhalo zezithuthi.
iinkcazelo zezithuthi iinkcukacha zamagosa asebupoliseni nawezothutho kwanabasebenzi kwizithuthi zezigulana iinkcukacha zabasebenzi bezigadla ezitsala izithuthi ezibandakanyeke ezingozini.
Ezi nkcukacha ziya kukunceda ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango kwi-insurance yakho okanye kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela, okanye ke ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango ngeendleko zokulungiswa kwesithuthi sakho kumqhubi wesithuthi esikutshayisileyo.
Emva kwexesha, wena okanye amagqwetha akho angayidinga ikopi yengxelo yale ngozi egcwaliswa ngamapolisa.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba amapolisa abizelwe kwindawo yengozi ukuba akukho mntu wenzakeleyo, kodwa ke ingozi le yona kufuneka ixeliwe - ngabo bobabini aba baqhubi - kwisikhululo samapolisa okanye iofisi yemicimbi yendlela kwiiyure nje ezingamashumi amabini anesine emva kwengozi le.
Kufuneka unikezele ngegama nedilesi yakho nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi kwigosa lasebupoliseni okanye lezendlela, mhlawumbi kwindawo yengozi leyo okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa okanye kwi-ofisi yamagosa ezendlela xa unikezela ingxelo ngale ngozi. Kukwafuneka uveze iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba isithuthi.
Ukuba wenzakele, ngoko akukwazi kunikezela ngxelo ngengozi leyo ngoko nangoko, kufuneka wenze njalo ngokona kukhawuleza futhi uchaze ukuba kutheni na kubekho ukulibaziseka ekunikezelweni kwale ngxelo.
Kulityala ukunganikezeli ngxelo ngengozi apho konakele impahla yomnye umntu, okanye apho omnye umntu athe wonzakala khona, futhi oku kunjalo nokuba bonke abaqhubi ababandakanyekayo abanazinjongo zakuvula tyala.
Kufuneka UNGASELI nabuphi na utywala okanye UNGASEBENZISI naziphi na iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo ngaphandle kokuba oko ukwenza ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha.
Ukuba amapolisa akucela ukuba uye kuvavanyo lwempilo, kufuneka ungaseli nabuphi na utywala okanye ungasebenzisi naziphi na iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo phambi kolo vavanyo nangaphambi kokunikezela ingxelo ngale ngozi.
Ukuba kukho nabani na othe wonzakala kule ngozi, izithuthi azinakususwa ngaphambi kokuba igosa lasebupoliseni okanye lezendlela lifike ze linikezele nomyalelo wokuba izithuthi ezo zingasuswa.
Ukuba ingozi le izivalela ngokupheleleyo ezinye izithuthi ukuba zidlule, izithuthi ezibandakanyeka kwingozi le zingasuswa kakuhle nangokuchanekileyo ukuvulela ezinye izithuthi, kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo iindawo ebezime kuzo nendlela ebezime ngayo ezi zithuthi (umzekelo: ngetshokwe okanye ngepeyinti yokuphawula).
ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokuqhuba ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokuqhuba uphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokubulala ngenxa yokungakhathali ibango lokonakaliswa kwempahla ibango lokwenzakaliswa komntu othile.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17252.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17385.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho emva nje kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu kwenzikile oko.
Xa ubhalisa umntwana, uya kufumana isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa esishwankathelweyo simahla.
Ukuba utshatile, umntwana uya kubhaliswa ngegama likayise. Kodwa ke, ukuba akutshatanga, umntwana angabhaliswa ngegama likayise okanye likanina.
Qwalasela: Akuyomfuneko ukubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, ukuba umntwana uzelwe engasaphili.
Ukuze ubhalise umntwana wakho, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa komntwana elingu-BI-24 ze ulingenise kweyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe. Eli phetshana liqulethe inkcazo ngomntwana lowo (isini, njalo-njalo) kwakunye negama nefani yomntwana. Abazali kufuneka beze neencwadana zabo zezazisi ndawonye nesiqinisekiso sasesibhedlele okanye ikhadi laseklinikhi lomntwana.
Ukuba akukhange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuqala ezelwe umntwana, kodwa umntwana usengaphantsi konyaka ubudala, kufuneka ugcwalise ipetshana lokubhaliswa komntwana u-BI-24, ze ucacise futhi ukuba kutheni ungazange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku nje ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe umntwana lowo.
Ukuba umntwana ungaphezulu konyaka kodwa usengaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakhe u-BI-24/1 ze ulingenise ndawonye nezizathu ezibhaliweyo ezichaza ukuba kutheni engazange abhaliswe kwiintsuku zokuqala ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe nje.
Iintetho neziqinisekiso ezifungelweyo zabazali okanye ke, kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, ezisuka kwisizalwane esisondeleyo ngokuzalana nomntwana lo, sizalwane eso simshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubuncinci umntwana lowo, esiya kuqinisekisa iinkcukacha nobume bakhe.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa apho umntwana wazalelwa khona, esityikitywe ngumntu ophetheyo futhi esiqulethe istampu seziko elo.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zomntwana njengoko zikho kwiincwadi zesikolo sakhe.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa komntwana.
Kwimeko yabantwana abalahlwe ngabazali, ingxelo esuka kunontlalo-ntle.
Ikhadi lomntwana laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela umntwana aqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba ungaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala futhi awuzange ubhaliswe emva kokuzalwa, isicelo sokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakho kufuneka sikhaphe isicelo sakho seNcwadana Yesazisi. Kufuneka ungenise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-24/15 ndawonye no-BI-9 (oliphetshana lokufaka isicelo sencwadana yesazisi).
Iziqinisekiso neentetho ezifungelweyo ezisuka kubazali, ze kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, isizalwane esisondeleyo nesimshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubudala umntwana lowo ubuncinci, kufuneka ziqinisekise iinkcukacha nobume bomntwana.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa owazalelwa kulo, esityikitywe ngumntu ophethe apho nesiqulethe istampu esisesikweni selo ziko.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zakho njengoko zibonakala kwiimpepha zesikolo sakho sokuqala. Isiqinisekiso esi kufuneka sibonakale kwiphepha elinophawu olusesikweni lwesikolo esi, sityikitywe yinqununu yesikolo, futhi siqulathe istampu esisesikweni sesi sikolo.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa kwakho.
Kwimeko apho umntwana alahlwe ngabazali, ingxelo esuka kunontlalo-ntle.
Ikhadi lakho laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela oqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uzelelwe ngaphandle kwemida yoMzantsi Afrika kodwa omnye wabazali abe engummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungatyelela iziko loonozaku-zaku okanye labathunywa boMzantsi Afrika elikwelo lizwe ukuze ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana lowo.
kwimeko apho umntwana angaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka nangaphezulu ubudala, iphetshana lesicelo sokubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, kudingeka ugcwalise u-BI-9, oliphetshana lesicelo sencwadana yesazisi.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, tyelela iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya okanye uqhagamshelane neyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe.
Akukho ntlawulo idingekayo xa ubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17389.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphetshana elisisiqinisekiso sokuzalwa linikezelwa xa umntwana ebhalisiwe kuMbuso wezwe. Liqulethe iinkcukacha zomntwana yaye liyafuneka njengesiqinisekiso sokuzazisa.
Ukuba ulilahlile iphetshana lisisiqinisekiso sokuzalwa kwakho okanye ufuna elinye, ungafaka isicelo kweyona ofisi ikufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya. Okanye ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, unokufaka isicelo kumzi omele uMzantsi Afrika okanye umzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika.
Unokufaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso esifinyeziweyo okanye esigcweleyo.
Ukulungiswa kwesicelo sesiqinisekiso sokuzalwa esigcweleyo kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintathu ukuya kwezisibhozo. Oku kuxabisa i-R45.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17413.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Xa umntu esweleka, usapho kufuneka lukuxele oko kusweleka kuMphathi weofisi Yokuzalwa Nokusweleka. Kufuneka bakwenze oku emva nje kokuba usapho lufumene isiqinisekiso sokusweleka kugqirha.
Ukubhalisa ukusweleka kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso sesizathu sokusweleka kugqirha. Emva koko umngcwabi kufuneka egcwalise amacandelo athile kweli phetshana lesicelo. Okokugqibela iphetshana eli kufuneka lifakwe kweyona Ofisi ikufutshane yeSebe lezeKhaya. Ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngokuba ungakubhalisa njani ukusweleka ndwendwela i-Department of Home Affairs website.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17413.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa umntu esweleka, usapho kufuneka lukuxele oko kusweleka kuMphathi weofisi Yokuzalwa Nokusweleka. Kufuneka bakwenze oku emva nje kokuba usapho lufumene isiqinisekiso sokusweleka kugqirha.
Ukubhalisa ukusweleka kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso sesizathu sokusweleka kugqirha. Emva koko umngcwabi kufuneka egcwalise amacandelo athile kweli phetshana lesicelo. Okokugqibela iphetshana eli kufuneka lifakwe kweyona Ofisi ikufutshane yeSebe lezeKhaya. Ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngokuba ungakubhalisa njani ukusweleka ndwendwela i-Department of Home Affairs website.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17416.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Xa ubhalisa ukusweleka neSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, uza kunikwa isiqinisekiso sokusweleka esifinyeziweyo. Ukuba ufuna isiqinisekiso sokuvala isikhewu okanye ufuna isiqinisekiso esigcweleyo, ungafaka isicelo soku kweyona ofisi yeSebe lezeKhaya ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-132. Isiqinisekiso sokusweleka esifinyeziweyo sibiza i-R7 ze esigcweleyo sibize i-R40.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17416.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa ubhalisa ukusweleka neSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, uza kunikwa isiqinisekiso sokusweleka esifinyeziweyo. Ukuba ufuna isiqinisekiso sokuvala isikhewu okanye ufuna isiqinisekiso esigcweleyo, ungafaka isicelo soku kweyona ofisi yeSebe lezeKhaya ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-132. Isiqinisekiso sokusweleka esifinyeziweyo sibiza i-R7 ze esigcweleyo sibize i-R40.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17446.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukunikezela umntwana ukuba akhuliswe ngabanye abazali yindlela esemthethweni yokuqhawula ikhonkco elihlanganisa abazali bemvelo nomntwana wabo.
Ukuba abazali bemvelo bomntwana basaphila, kufuneka bakuvumele bobabini oku kunikezelwa komntwana kubanye abazali.
Le mvume kufuneka ibe kanti yenziwa ngentando yalowo uvumayo yaye umntu ovumileyo akanakuvuzwa ngamali, zipho, okanye nangayo nayiphi na enye indlela. Kusenjalo, imvume yomzali ophazamisekileyo engqondweni, omlahlileyo okanye oye wamphatha kakubi umntwana wakhe, ayisosidingo.
Bobabini unina noyise womntwana kufuneka batyikitye iphetshana apho bavuma khona ukunikezela ngomntwana wabo kumntu okanye isibini esithile.
Ukuba abazali bemvelo abatshatanga, unina kufuneka kuqala afumane imvume kayise womntwana lowo. Kusenjalo, umelwe kukwenza oku kuphela ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakhe kwakungesosizathu sabundlobongela, yaye ukuba uyise uqinisekisa ngembalelwano ukuba yena unguyise womntwana futhi uzazisile yena, kanti nedilesi yakhe iyafumaneka.
Abazali bemvelo bangayirhoxisa imvume yabo ngeentsuku nje ezingamashumi amathandathu bevumile.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uneminyaka elishumi okanye ngaphezulu ubudala, naye kufuneka evumile kulo mba.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uphantsi kononophelo lwexeshana, abazali abamgcina bamkhulise okwexeshana kufuneka nabo baqinisekise ukuba abanazinjongo zakumthathela kubo loo mntwana.
Xa umntwana sele enikezelwe kwabanye abazali njengomntwana wabo omtsha onke amalungelo namagunya phakathi komntwana nabazali bakhe bemvelo ayaphela. Inkqubo yokudluliselwa komntwana kwabanye abazali njengabazali bakhe abatsha ifikelela esiphelweni xa umyalelo wokudluliselwa kwakhe sele ukhutshiwe.
Ukudluliselwa komntwana kubazali abatsha yinto enzima yaye amaziko asebenza ngalo mba aya kunikezela ngeenkonzo zenkxaso ukuzama ukukunceda. Olu ncedo lunokuqiingcebiso nentuthuzelo kwanendawo yokuhlala.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana ne-Ofisi Yesithili ekufutshane nawe yeSebe loPhuhliso Loluntu okanye iziko elisebenza ngokudluliselwa kwabantwana kubazali abatsha.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17461.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Njengomntwana odluliselwe kubazali abatsha, unakho ukuqalisa ukhangele abazali bakho bemvelo ukuba ungaphezu kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala. Ukuba uphakathi kweshumi elinesibhozo namashumi amabini ananye eminyaka ubudala, kuya kufuneka ufumane imvume ebhalwe phantsi esuka kubazali bakho bemboleko. Ukuba ungaphaya kwamashumi amabini ananye eminyaka ubudala ungabakhangela abazali bakho bemvelo ngaphandle kwemvume yabazali bakho besibini.
Phambi kokuba uqalise ngokukhangela, uya kufumana iingcebiso nentuthuzelo kunontlalo-ntle.
Iincwadi ezineenkcukacha zokudluliselwa komntwana kubanye abazali zigcinwa ixesha eliyiminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe yaye zingowona mthombo wokuqala wolwazi. Ezi nkcukacha zigcinwa nguMgcini-zincwadi ePitoli.
Ingxelo kanontlalo-ntle ngabazali bemvelo bomntwana (ukuba ikho).
Ulwazi oluthile mayela nokudluliselwa komntwana kubazali abatsha lunganikezelwa nakubani na ngokwentando yoMgcini-zincwadi. Kodwa iinkcukacha zabo bachaphazelekayo azinakudizwa. Umzekelo, ulwazi ngempilo lungavuleleka kugqirha.
Abazali bemvelo bomntwana banokufikelela kwiinkcukacha zokudluliselwa komntwana ukuba abazali besibini nomntwana bayakuvumela oko. Ukuba bayala, abazali bemvelo bangazishiya iinkcukacha zabo kuxwebhu ukuze bafumaneke ukuba abazali besibini okanye umntwana batshintsha ingqondo yabo.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana noMgcini-zincwadi Zokudluliselwa Kwabantwana Kubanye Abazali kwiSebe leSizwe loPhuhliso Loluntu ePitoli. UNksz.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17461.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Njengomntwana odluliselwe kubazali abatsha, unakho ukuqalisa ukhangele abazali bakho bemvelo ukuba ungaphezu kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala. Ukuba uphakathi kweshumi elinesibhozo namashumi amabini ananye eminyaka ubudala, kuya kufuneka ufumane imvume ebhalwe phantsi esuka kubazali bakho bemboleko. Ukuba ungaphaya kwamashumi amabini ananye eminyaka ubudala ungabakhangela abazali bakho bemvelo ngaphandle kwemvume yabazali bakho besibini.
Phambi kokuba uqalise ngokukhangela, uya kufumana iingcebiso nentuthuzelo kunontlalo-ntle.
Iincwadi ezineenkcukacha zokudluliselwa komntwana kubanye abazali zigcinwa ixesha eliyiminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe yaye zingowona mthombo wokuqala wolwazi. Ezi nkcukacha zigcinwa nguMgcini-zincwadi ePitoli.
Ulwazi oluthile mayela nokudluliselwa komntwana kubazali abatsha lunganikezelwa nakubani na ngokwentando yoMgcini-zincwadi. Kodwa iinkcukacha zabo bachaphazelekayo azinakudizwa. Umzekelo, ulwazi ngempilo lungavuleleka kugqirha.
Abazali bemvelo bomntwana banokufikelela kwiinkcukacha zokudluliselwa komntwana ukuba abazali besibini nomntwana bayakuvumela oko. Ukuba bayala, abazali bemvelo bangazishiya iinkcukacha zabo kuxwebhu ukuze bafumaneke ukuba abazali besibini okanye umntwana batshintsha ingqondo yabo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17467.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba inkundla iyalele umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana, kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungahlawuli.
Uye kwi-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukhalaze. Kubalulekile ukuba wenze isikhalazo esisesikweni ngalo lonke ixesha uyise womntwana engahlawuli.
I-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana iyazigcina iinkcukacha zazo zonke iintlawulo azenzayo uyise womntwana. Ezi nkcukacha ziya kubonisa xa engahlawuli nokuba usemva ngamalini na.
Ukuba uyise womntwana uyaphangela ze angaphumeleli ukwenza intlawulo yesondlo somntwana, unina womntwana kufuneka acele inkundla yenze umyalelo wokufumana le ntlawulo isuka ngqo kumqeshi kayise womntwana.
Ukuba uyise womntwana nangoku akahlawuli, akawuthobeli umyalelo wenkundla. Oku kululwaphulo-mthetho. Inkundla iya kuthumela uyise isaziso esimcela ukuba eze enkundleni ngosuku oluthile. Kuya kufuneka ke achaze ukuba kutheni engakwazanga kuhlawula. Ukuba akanasizathu sibambekayo, inkundla ke ngokwesiqhelo iya kumxelela ukuba makahlawule yonke imali asemva ngayo, okanye uya kuthunyelwa ejele.
Kukho abantu ababizwa ngokuba ngabaphandi benkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abaya kunceda igosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukuba lifumane uyise womntwana ukuba uthe waduka.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana negosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana kwiNkundla kaMantyi ekufutshane nawe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17469.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke izenzo zokudluliselwa komntwana kubanye abazali kufuneka zigcinwe kuvimba wokuzalwa kwabantwana ukuba abazali abafaka isicelo sokunikwa umntwana bayacela.
Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ungenise isicelo esibhaliweyo kuyo nayiphi na iofisi yesithili yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya, esikhatshwa yikopi eqinisekisiweyo yomyalelo wokudluliselwa komntwana kubazali abatsha.
Ukuba umyalelo wokudluliselwa komntwana unikezela ngegunya lokutshintshwa kwefani yomntwana ibe yileyo yabazali abatsha, oku kuya kwenziwa simahla.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17469.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke izenzo zokudluliselwa komntwana kubanye abazali kufuneka zigcinwe kuvimba wokuzalwa kwabantwana ukuba abazali abafaka isicelo sokunikwa umntwana bayacela.
Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ungenise isicelo esibhaliweyo kuyo nayiphi na iofisi yesithili yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya, esikhatshwa yikopi eqinisekisiweyo yomyalelo wokudluliselwa komntwana kubazali abatsha.
Ukuba umyalelo wokudluliselwa komntwana unikezela ngegunya lokutshintshwa kwefani yomntwana ibe yileyo yabazali abatsha, oku kuya kwenziwa simahla.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17473.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le ncwadana inikezela ngeenkcukacha ngelungelo lomntwana lokufumana inkxaso nokuba umzali angakunyanzelisa njani oku.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17473.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le ncwadana inikezela ngeenkcukacha ngelungelo lomntwana lokufumana inkxaso nokuba umzali angakunyanzelisa njani oku.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA.17483.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukungcakaza yinto yamaxesha obumnandi nokuzonwabisa - kodwa ke abanye baphela bezinikela ze bangakwazi nokuphuma ekungcakazeni. Esona siphumo sibi sokungcakaza kukulahlekelwa yimali. Ukuba ubani unengxaki yokungcakaza yaye ulahlekelwa yimali eninzi kakhulu ngenxa yalo mkhwa, oku kunokukhokelela ekuntyumpa-ntyumpekeni, ekulahlekelweni yimpahla, ukuphelelwa tu yimali, ubuqhetseba, ubusela, ukuphelelwa ngumsebenzi okanye ukungaqhubi kakuhle emsebenzini, ukungazinzi kwengqondo, ze ekugqibeleni ibe kukuzibulala.
Ukuba unexhala lokuba mhlawumbi unokuba unengxaki yokungcakaza, zama ukugcwalisa iphetshana elikwi-internet lokuzijongisisa.
Ukuba ufuna olunye ulwazi, qhagamshelana ne-National Responsible Gaming kule nombolo Yomnxeba Ingahlawulelwayo Yoncedo: 0800 006 008, okanye ukuba ukhetha ukuthumela incwadana yembalelwano nge-email, nantsi idilesi onokuyithumela kuyo:counsellor@responsiblegaming.co.za.
Zikwakho neenkonzo zoncedo neengcebiso kubantu abanengxaki yokungcakaza.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.17483.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukungcakaza yinto yamaxesha obumnandi nokuzonwabisa - kodwa ke abanye baphela bezinikela ze bangakwazi nokuphuma ekungcakazeni. Esona siphumo sibi sokungcakaza kukulahlekelwa yimali. Ukuba ubani unengxaki yokungcakaza yaye ulahlekelwa yimali eninzi kakhulu ngenxa yalo mkhwa, oku kunokukhokelela ekuntyumpa-ntyumpekeni, ekulahlekelweni yimpahla, ukuphelelwa tu yimali, ubuqhetseba, ubusela, ukuphelelwa ngumsebenzi okanye ukungaqhubi kakuhle emsebenzini, ukungazinzi kwengqondo, ze ekugqibeleni ibe kukuzibulala.
Zikwakho neenkonzo zoncedo neengcebiso kubantu abanengxaki yokungcakaza.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17494.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Isebe lezeNtengiso noShishino libonelela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha kwikhompyutha kubantu abafuna ukurhweba noMzantsi Afrika.
I-Wesgro ibonelela ngolwazi kubantu abanomdla ekurhwebeni neNtshona Koloni.
Indawo Yokushishina yeNtshona Koloni.
Tel: 0861 843 384 or +27 (11) 254 9405 for international callers.
Fax: 0861 843 888 or +27 (11) 254 9406 for international callers.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17494.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isebe lezeNtengiso noShishino libonelela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha kwikhompyutha kubantu abafuna ukurhweba noMzantsi Afrika.
I-Wesgro ibonelela ngolwazi kubantu abanomdla ekurhwebeni neNtshona Koloni.
Indawo Yokushishina yeNtshona Koloni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.174979.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17502.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leeNtengiso Norhwebo (dti) libonelela ngenkonzo yokunikezela ngomkhomba-ndlela kwiinkampani ezinomnqweno wokuza kuvula amashishini eMzantsi Afrika. Oku kwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwecandelo elkhethekileyo le-dti ebizwa ngokuba yi-Trade and Investment South Africa okaye i-TISA ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi. I-TISA le ihlanganisa ze ithi thaca iimfuno zeenkampani ezifuna ukurhweba neli lizwe namathuba orhwebo kwiphondo ngalinye kula alithoba eli lizwe.
Tsalela le nombolo:0861 843 384, okanye le yefeksi 012 428 7852/7853.
Cape Town's Economy: Common Trends and Future Prospects (IiNkcukacha Zoluntu) (File type: pdf; size: 2.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.17502.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Tsalela le nombolo:0861 843 384, okanye le yefeksi 012 428 7852/7853.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17519.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Inkqubo Yokunikezelwa Kobuxhaka-xhaka Bobugcisa Kumakhosikazi Akushishino ingumvuka wentsebenziswano phakathi kweSebe Leentengiso Noshishino, iSebe Lezimbiwa Namandla kwakunye neCSIR ngonyaka ka-1998 ngeenjongo zokunceda ekuphakanyisweni kwamakhosikazi akushishino. Ukugxininisa kwale nkqubo ekusetyenzisweni kwenzululwazi nobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhula koshishino kumashishini akhokelwa ngamakhosikazi, ingakumbi amashishini amancinci, aphakathi kwanalawo makhulu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17579.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
IiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zisebenza ngemiba yoluntu apho ibango lingaphantsi kwama-R7000. Zikholo ukwenza ukuba inkqubo yeenkundla ikhawuleze.
Kukho intlawulo yamalunga ne-R15 yokusebenzisa iNkundla yaye akukho ngenelelo lwamagqwetha, ngoko ke akukho zintlawulo zamagqwetha. Ukuba uyafuna, ungafumana ingcebiso yezomthetho phambi kokuba uye enkundleni. Abancedisi kwezomthetho noonobhala beNkundla Yamabango Amancinci baza kukuncedisa simahla.
Abantu abazimeleyo bangawafaka amabango kule nkundla, kodwa iinkampani zona.
Naluphi na olunye lweelwimi lungasetyenziswa kule nkundla.
Ityala alimanyelwa yiJaji okanye uMantyi, kodwa ke nguMkomishinala, omamela onke amacala ebali eli ze abuze imibuzo.
INkundla Yamabango Amancinci ayiwamameli amatyala okuchithwa komtshato.
Asikho isibheno kwisigqibo seNkundla Yamabango Amancnci. Kungenjalo, ukuba ucinga ukuba uMkomishinala ube nomkhethe okanye wenze okungalunganga, ungacela ukuba ityala liphinde livulwe kuphandisiswe.
Yiya enkundleni ngosuku oluxeliweyo nazo zonke iimphepha ezibubungqina.
Ukumanyelwa kweli tyala akwenziwa ngokusesikweni yaye kulula, futhi akukho kugocwagocwa ngemibuzo. UMkomishinala uza kubuza yonke imibuzo ze xa sele eve kummangali nommangalelwa, enze isigqibo.
Ukuba, ufuna ezinye iinkcukacha iSebe LezoBulungisa linencwadana ngokufaka amabango kwiNkundla Yamabango Amancinci.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17579.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
IiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zisebenza ngemiba yoluntu apho ibango lingaphantsi kwama-R7000. Zikholo ukwenza ukuba inkqubo yeenkundla ikhawuleze.
Kukho intlawulo yamalunga ne-R15 yokusebenzisa iNkundla yaye akukho ngenelelo lwamagqwetha, ngoko ke akukho zintlawulo zamagqwetha. Ukuba uyafuna, ungafumana ingcebiso yezomthetho phambi kokuba uye enkundleni. Abancedisi kwezomthetho noonobhala beNkundla Yamabango Amancinci baza kukuncedisa simahla.
Abantu abazimeleyo bangawafaka amabango kule nkundla, kodwa iinkampani zona.
Naluphi na olunye lweelwimi lungasetyenziswa kule nkundla.
Ityala alimanyelwa yiJaji okanye uMantyi, kodwa ke nguMkomishinala, omamela onke amacala ebali eli ze abuze imibuzo.
INkundla Yamabango Amancinci ayiwamameli amatyala okuchithwa komtshato.
Asikho isibheno kwisigqibo seNkundla Yamabango Amancnci. Kungenjalo, ukuba ucinga ukuba uMkomishinala ube nomkhethe okanye wenze okungalunganga, ungacela ukuba ityala liphinde livulwe kuphandisiswe.
Ukumanyelwa kweli tyala akwenziwa ngokusesikweni yaye kulula, futhi akukho kugocwagocwa ngemibuzo. UMkomishinala uza kubuza yonke imibuzo ze xa sele eve kummangali nommangalelwa, enze isigqibo.
Ukuba, ufuna ezinye iinkcukacha iSebe LezoBulungisa linencwadana ngokufaka amabango kwiNkundla Yamabango Amancinci.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17666.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Isebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ineengcingo zomnxeba ukunceda abantu abafuna ezinye iinkcukacha ngokufudukela kweli okanye okanye abanemibuzo ngoMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Immigration Act, 13 of 2002 (UMthetho) (File type: pdf; size: 2.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17690.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika banamalungelo athile abathi abo bangengobemi beli bangabi nawo.
lokuvota lokunikwa incwadana yokundwendwela lokubuyela eMzantsi Afrika emva kokuhlala kwenye indawo.
Abantu abangengobemi kufuneka befumene imvume yokungena eMzantsi Afrika. Ukuba bafuna ukuhlala, kusafuneka futhi bafumane imvume yoko.
Ubumi bunokufunyanwa okanye bulahleke. Yaye abantu ababesakuba ngabemi bangaphinda babufumane ubumi babo belizwe.
ukuphinda uzuze ubumi belizwe ukulahla ubumi belizwe ngokuba ngummi wamazwe amabini.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngezi nkonzo, ndwendwela I-website yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya.
<fn>GOV-ZA.176994.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17712.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ngokomthetho, abanini beengqokelela ezenziwa bucala zamatye anqabileyo, izinto ezinqabileyo zakudala kwakunye namatye awe esibhakabhakeni abeqokelelwe phantsi kolawulo lomthetho ongasekhoyo banikwa ixesha de kube ngumhla wokuqala kwekaTshazimpunzi ku-2002 ukubhalisa iingqokelela zabo ne-South African Heritage Resources Agency (i-SAHRA).
Ingqokelela nganye inencwadana ethetha ngayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha ezi azilahleki.
Ubonelelo lwenzelwa ukudlulisela ingqokelela le kusapho, izihlobo okanye iziko.
Izifundiswa eziqinisekisa ezi ngqokelela zinokucebisa futhi zincede umnini.
Iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ezikwezi ngqokelela zidibana njengelifa lesizwe ekwabelwana ngalo.
Inkqubo yokubhalisa ayibuchaphazeli ubunini bezingqokelela zibhalisiweyo, ezihlala ziyimpahla yomnini. Olu bhaliso lweengqokelela zabucala luqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha ngazo ayilahleki kwizizukulwana ezisezayo.
zonke iingqokelela zezinto zakudala ezinqabileyo, kuquka nezingaphaya kwe-100 leminyaka ubudala, imizobo esematyeni okanye ushicilelo olusematyeni, izinto zakudala ezinqabileyo ezombiwe okanye eziqokelelwe kwiziza ezinxulunyaniswa nembali yamajoni ebudala bungaphaya kwama-75 eminyaka, kwakunye nezinye ezinxulunyaniswa neenqanawa kunye nezinye iintshabalalo ezibudala bungaphaya kwama-60 eminyaka.
zonke iingqokelela zamatye anqabileyo nezinye izinto ezingezidalwa zamandulo(eziquka amatye anqabileyo okukhangela afana nezingqi zakudala).
zonke iingqokelela zamatye awe esibhakabhakeni.
Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe namaphepha okubhalisa afumaneka kuMary Leslie (mleslie@sahra.org.za) kwiOfisi kaNdlu-Nkulu ye-SAHRA okanye uqhagamshelane ne-Ofisi yeNgingqi yakho ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17712.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingqokelela nganye inencwadana ethetha ngayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha ezi azilahleki.
Ubonelelo lwenzelwa ukudlulisela ingqokelela le kusapho, izihlobo okanye iziko.
Izifundiswa eziqinisekisa ezi ngqokelela zinokucebisa futhi zincede umnini.
Iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ezikwezi ngqokelela zidibana njengelifa lesizwe ekwabelwana ngalo.
Inkqubo yokubhalisa ayibuchaphazeli ubunini bezingqokelela zibhalisiweyo, ezihlala ziyimpahla yomnini. Olu bhaliso lweengqokelela zabucala luqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha ngazo ayilahleki kwizizukulwana ezisezayo.
zonke iingqokelela zezinto zakudala ezinqabileyo, kuquka nezingaphaya kwe-100 leminyaka ubudala, imizobo esematyeni okanye ushicilelo olusematyeni, izinto zakudala ezinqabileyo ezombiwe okanye eziqokelelwe kwiziza ezinxulunyaniswa nembali yamajoni ebudala bungaphaya kwama-75 eminyaka, kwakunye nezinye ezinxulunyaniswa neenqanawa kunye nezinye iintshabalalo ezibudala bungaphaya kwama-60 eminyaka.
zonke iingqokelela zamatye anqabileyo nezinye izinto ezingezidalwa zamandulo(eziquka amatye anqabileyo okukhangela afana nezingqi zakudala).
zonke iingqokelela zamatye awe esibhakabhakeni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17714.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Sonke isibhedlele sabucala okanye indawo esebenza ngezigulane enganxulumenanga nekawonke-wonke kufuneka ibhalisiwe. Xa oko kwenziwe iSebe lezeMpilo liza kunikezela ngesiqinisekiso sokubhaliswa kumnini weso sibhedlele, ekufuneka sihlaziywe phambi komhla wama-31 kweyoMnga wonyaka ngamnye.
Isakhiwo sikufanele futhi sikumele oko.
Abasebenzi beza kusebenzisana nemigangatho eyamkelweyo kwezempilo.
Umntu owongameleyo eza kuba ebhalisiwe njengesifundiswa kwezempilo.
Umongi/umongikazi obhalisiweyo eza kongamela abasebenzi beenkonzo zokonga.
Olu bhaliso luqwalasela intando yoluntu neemfuno zoluntu.
Xa ufaka isicelo sokubhalisa, kufuneka unikezele ngengcaciso ngesakhiwo ezakuquka nendawo isakhwo eso esikuyo, imo yonyango oluza kunikezelwa apho, amaqela eentlanga abasebenzi bendawo leyo abangawo kwakunye noluntu ekubonakala ingathi iza kuba ngabo abasebenzisa iinkonzo zalo ndawo. Unokucelwa ukuba unikezele ngezinye iikcukacha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17757.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala kunye namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala abanakutshata ngaphandle kwemvume yabucala yaye nabani na ongaphantsi kwama-21eminyaka ubudala unokufumana imvume yabazali bakhe phambi kokuba abe uyatshata.
Umtshato owenziwe ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo unokwenziwa ungasebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokuthathwa njengongazange ubekho yiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
Abazali okanye umntu ojonge omnye wabatshatayo unokufaka isicelo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo esithi umtshato lo mawuthathwe njengongekhoyo.
Kwiiveki ezintandathu zokuqala evile ngobukho balo mtshato.
Umntwana naye unokufaka isicelo kule nkundla esithi umtshato mawuthathwe njengongasebenziyo nanini na phambi kokuba abe unama-21 eminyaka ubudala, okanye kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala emva kokuba ebe nama-21 eminyaka ubudala.
Kwimeko apho bobabini abazali besaphila yaye akukho unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, bobabini abazali kufuneka bawuvumele lo mtshato, ngokubhala phantsi, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umntwana lo ngozalwe ngaphandle komtshato, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi esuka kunina kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba omnye wabazali unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi yaloo mzali kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umntwana uphantsi kwenkathalo yomzali onikwe igunya lokumgcina nokumkhulisa ngumthetho, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi yaloo mzali kuphela efunekayo(ku-BI-32).
Ukuba umzali omvume ifuneka ngokwasemthethweni akafumaneki ukuza kunika imvume leyo, okanye umthetho awumboni enakho ukukwenza oko, ungafaka isicelo kumkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana ukuba awuvumele lo mtshato.
Xa abazali bomntwana no-/okanye umkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana bayala ukunikezela ngemvume, umntwana lowo unokufaka isicelo kwiJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo ukuba inikezele ngemvume. Ijaji le ayinakho ukunikezela ngemvume ngaphandle kokuba kukho ubungqina obaneleyo bokuba umtshato lo ujongene neemfuno zomntwana futhi akanikwanga mvume kungekho zizathu zibambekayo.
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 leminyaka ubudala bafumana imvume yabazali babo ebhalwe phantsi ukuze batshate, ngendlela enye nabanye abantwana abangeqondweni lakutshata. Kusafuneka futhi befumene imvume yoMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya.
Usenokusifaka isicelo kuMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ukuba athathe umtshato osele wenzekile njengokhoyo nosebenzayo. Unako futhi nokufaka isicelo kuMphatthiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17759.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Xa utshata, unikwa isiqinisekiso somtshato esingahlawulelwayo.
Isiqinisekiso esifinyeziweyo siza kunikezelwa kwangaloo mhla wesicelo. Isicelo sesiqinisekiso esipheleleyo sithatha phakathi kweeveki ezintandathu nezisibhozo ukuphunyezwa.
Yi-R7 isiqinisekiso esifinyeziweyo. Yi-R40 isiqinisekiso esipheleleyo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.17788.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo banamalungelo afanayo nawabanye abantu bonke.
Unelungelo lokwenza ezakho izigqibo ngonyango. Umzekelo, awunakunyanzelwa ukuba uye kuvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Ilungelo lakho lokuba nemfihlo lithetha ukuba unelungelo lokugcina isaziwa nguwe kuphela inyaniso yokuba unentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Umqeshi okanye ugqirha wakho akanakukunyanzela ukuba umxelele isimo sakho ngoku yaye engenako nokukunyanzela ukuba uye kwenza uvavanyo lwale ntsholongwane.
Unokuzikhethela uhlobo lomsebenzi ofuna ukuwenza. Umzekelo, awunakwalelwa ukuba ube yititshala okanye umsebenzi kwezonyango kuba unale ntsholongwane.
Awunakwalelwa ncedo-lwamali okanye mboleko-mali yokuba uzithengele indlu kuba unentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye unoGawulayo. Akukho mthethweni ukukugxotha ekhayeni lakho ngenxa yesimo sempilo yakho.
Izibhedlele okanye abantu bezonyango abanakwala ukukunyanga.
Unelungelo lenkam-nkam yokukhubazeka ukuba ugula kangangokuba ude ungakwazi nokuzisebenzela okanye usebenzele usapho lwakho.
Ukuba unentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye unoGawulayo, unelungelo lokuphila ubomi bakho ngentlonipho, isidima ze ukhululeke ekuphathweni kakubi nasekugxekweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17811.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMgaqo-siseko uthi awona malungelo angundoqo abo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika aya kukhuselwa ze ahlonitshwe. La malungelo adweliswe kuMqulu Wamalungelo kwakunye neemeko apho kungavumeleka ukuba la malungelo ancitshiswe/avinjwe khona. Amaqumrhu namaziko ahlukeneyo kaRhulumente aye asekwa ukuqinisekisa ukukhuseleka kwala malungelo.
Le Komishoni, iSAHRC ngamafuphi, iya kukunceda ukuba naliphi na elinye lamalungelo akho aqulethwe kuMqulu Wamalungelo liye lanyhashwa okanye alahlonitshwa. Ungakhangela kuMqulu Wamalungelo ukuqinisekisa amalungelo akho aye anyhashwa okanye awahlonitswa na.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isikhalazo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo.
isikhalazo sakho singabandakanyi kunyhashwa kwalo naliphi na ilungelo eliqulethwe nguMqulu Wamalungelo.
ingxaki yakho yenzeke ngaphambi komhla wamashumi amabini anesixhenxe kwinyanga kaTshazimpunzi ngo-1994.
isikhalazo sakho isesolwaphulo-mthetho futhi udinga igqwetha (kwimeko ekumila kunje, nceda utsalele iBhodi Yoncedo Lwezomthetho kule nombolo: 012 401 9200 okanye ke utyelele ii-ofisi zabo kweyona Nkundla kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe).
ufunyaniswe unetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho futhi ufuna ukubhena.
Ukuba amalungelo akho anyhashwe ngamapolisa, kufuneka uqhagamshelane Nabalawuli Abazimeleyo Abajongene Nezikhalazo.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isikhalazo, gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo ngokupheleleyo nangokuchanekileyo. Ukuba akuqinisekanga nangayiphi na into kwelo phetshana lokufaka isikhalazo, nceda ulandele izikhokelo.
Okanye ke ungasifaka isikhalazo sakho ngekhompyutha.
Ukuba ufuna ukukhalaza ngegosa lesebe likarhulumente, kufuneka uqhagamshelane noMkhuseli Woluntu.
Nabani na angasifaka isikhalazo kuMkhuseli Woluntu, oya kuthi ke yena aphande ngesi sikhalazo. Ukuba uMkhuseli Woluntu uthi afumanise ukuba esi sikhalazo simele ukuphandwa yi-ofisi yakhe, yena neqela lakhe baya kwenza konke okusemandleni ukuza nesisombululo kule ngxaki, sisombululo eso siquka ukuza neziphakamiso ngeenguqu emazenziwe kuloo nkqubo ikungcungcuthekisileyo.
Ukuba akubanga nakho ukufikelela kwisisombululo ngokuthi uthetha-thethane negosa elo nomphathi walo, kuya kufuneka ubhalele uMkhuseli Woluntu.
Imvelaphi nembali yesikhalazo.
Izizathu zakho ngokuba kutheni ucinga ukuba esi sikhalazo masiphandwe nguMkhuseli Woluntu nje.
Amanyathelo osele uwathabathile wena ukusombulula le ngxaki.
Unikezele ngeenkcukacha ezithe ngqo - amagama amagosa, imihla, njalo-njalo.
Iikopi zayo nayiphi imbalelwano phakathi kwakho nala magosa.
Iinkcukacha zakho zoqhagamshelwano.
Kwezinye iimeko, uMkhuseli Woluntu, unokufuna unikezele ubungqina phantsi kwesifungo phambi kokuba aqalise ngophando lwakhe.
Ukuba udinga uncedo ngesikhalazo sakho, ungatsalela iOfisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu. Kukho abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo apho nabaya kuphula-phula isikhalazo eso, sisincinci sisikhulu, ze benze uphando.
Ukuba umqeshi wakho unyhashe amalungelo akho, kufuneka uqhagamshelane neKomishoni Yoxolelwaniso, Ukungenelela Nokulamla Iimbambano Zemiba Yabasebenzi (iCCMA ngamafuphi), emva kokuba uzamile ukuyisombulula le nyewe emsebenzini.
Ukuba wawukhe wasengelwa phantsi (oko ke kukuthi, waphathwa kakubi) ngenxa yesini sakho (ubudoda nobukhomokazi) kuya kufuneka uqhagamshelane neKomishoni Engokulingana Ngesini.
Xa ufaka isikhalazo sakho, kufuneka uzame kangangoko unakho ukunikezela ngazo zonke iinkcukacha zaso. Izikhalazo ziyimfihlelo egqibeleleyo.
Usenakho nokusifaka ngekhompyutha isikhalazo sakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.17843.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lifundeka lula linikezela ngeenkcukacha ngamalungelo oluntu angundoqo nokuba iKomishoni Yamalungelo Oluntu yaseMzantsi Afrika (iSAHRC ngamafuphi) ingakunceda njani na ukuba amalungelo akho athe anyhashwa.
Ingaba Yenza Ntoni iSAHRC?
IKomishoni Yamalungelo Oluntu yaseMzantsi Afrika yenziwe yiKomishoni neScretariat.
USihlalo nguMfundisi uGqirha Barney Pityana ze uSekela-Sihlalo ibe nguNkosazana Shirley Mabusela. Ikomishoni inamalungu afikelela kwishumi elinanye, kuquka usihlalo nesekela lakhe.
Intloko Yesigqeba ikhokela iSecretariat.
I-SAHRC ineekomiti ezenziwe ngabakomishinala, abasebenzi kwakunye namanye amalungu asuka ngaphandle.
Ngaphezu koko, umkomishinala ngamnye unoxanduva olulodwa lokujongana nephondo okanye amaphondo athile. Bayawatyelela la maphondo ukwakha ubudlelwane namaqumrhu asebenza kuwo, baphicothe iindlela ekwenziwa ngazo izinto ze baphendule nakwizikhalazo.
kujongwane nemithetho ebhalwe kuwo onke amabakala karhulumente (oko ke kukuthi koorhulumente bamakhaya, abamaphondo nowesizwe) ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayawaqwalasela amalungelo oluntu; ze bajonge nokuba urhulumente wenza ntoni na ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bayafikelela kumalungelo oluntu nawoqoqosho (indalo engqongileyo, izindlu, unonophel lwempilo, ukutya, amanzi, ukhuseleko loluntu nemfundo).
Intshukumo yokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu kuxa naliphi na ilungelo elikuMqulu Wamalungelo lithe lanyhashwa okanye laxhatshazwa. Kusenjalo, Isahrc le ayijongani nazo zonke iintlobo zeentshukumo ezinyhasha amalungelo oluntu. Amanye amatyala athunyelwa kweminye imibutho namaqumrhu ebekelwe bucala ukujongana neentlobo ezithile zokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu.
Ukuba ityala lakho lelinye lala, kuya kufuneka ke uqhagamshelane nomnye wale mibutho ngqo.
Iingcebiso noncedo ngetyala lakho nazo zingafumaneka kwiiBhodi Zoncedo Lwezomthetho (eziKwiinkundla Zoomantyi), okanye ke kwiiklinikhi Zoncedo Lwezomthetho (kwiiDyunivesithi ezininzi). Kwakhona, kukho intlaninge yemivbutho engajonge ngeniso (efana neLawyers for Human Rights, illegal Resources Centre neBlack Sash), nazo ezinakho ukukunceda.
Ukutsalela iofisi ye-SAHRC. Umsebenzi uya kuthi athabathe ingxelo leyo, akuthumele iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo okanye enze idinga lokuba wena uye buqu kule ofisi.
Ukuthumela ifeksi okanye incwadana yembalelwano kwiSebe Lemicimbi Yomthetho leSAHRC ngolwimi ithanda ukuyithumela ngalo.
Ukufumana iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo kwiSAHRC, uyigqibezele kwiSAHRC.
Ukuze kube nokwakhiwa inkcubeko yamalungelo oluntu, kubalulekile ukuba wonke ummi awazi amalungelo akhe ze ayiqondisise nendima yakhe. I-SAHRC ikhusela ze iphkamise amalungelo abo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Oku kulandelayo luhlobo lwenziwe lula loMqulu Wamalungelo Wamalungelo. Ukze ufumane uMqulu ogcweleyo, nceda ufunde iSahluko 2 soMgaqo-siseko.
Akunakuxhatshazwa. Kodwa ke iaffirmative action nokuba nomkhethe ngendlela engaxhaphaziyo zivumelekile.
Isidima sakho kufuneka sihlonitshwe futhi sikhuselwe.
Akunakuvalelwa ngaphandle kokubekwa ityala, uxhatshazwe okanye wohlwaywe ngenkohlakalo. Ubundlobongela basekhaya abamkelekanga.
Ubukhoboka, ukufakwa kumakhamandela kwanokunyanzeliswa ukuba usebenze azivumelekanga.
Akunakugqogqwa okanye kugqogqwe ikhya impahla yakho, ngaphandle kokuba kokuba kulandelwe inkqubo eyiyo yokwenziwa kwezi ntshukumo ngamapolisa.
Ungakholelwa futhi ucinge nangayiphi na indlela yaye ungalandela inkolo ethandwa nguwe.
Bonke abantu (kuquka namajelo eendaba) bangathetha nantoni na abayithandayo.
Ningabamba umboniso, uqhankqalazo okanye ninikezele ngezikhalazo. Kodwa ke oku kufuneka nikwenze ngoxolo.
Ungazimanya nabani na ofuna ukuzimanya naye.
Ungalixhasa iqela lopolitiko elithandwa nguwe. Ukuba ungummi weli, ze ubuncinci ube uneshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala, ungavota.
Ubumi bakho abunakuze bohluthwe kuwe.
Ungahamba uye kuhlala naphi na apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Ungawenza nawuphi na umsebenzi ofuna ukuwenza.
Ungzimanya neemanyano zabasebenzi uye nakwiintshukumo zogwayimbo.
Unelungelo lokufumana indalo esempilweni.
Impahla yakho ingahluthwa kuwe kuphela imigaqo eyiyo ilandelwe.
Urhulumente kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba abantu bayafikelela kwizindlu ezisemgangathweni.
Urhulumente kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba uluntu luyafikelela ekutyeni nasemanzini, kunonophel lwempilo nokhuseleko loluntu.
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo banamalungelo awodwa, afana nelungelo lokungaxhatshazwa.
Unelungelo lokufumana imfundo engundoqo, kuquka imfundo engundoqo yabantu abadala, ngolwimi lwakho (ukuba oku kunokwenzeka).
Ungalusebenzisa ulwimi lwakho ze ulandele inkcubeko oyikhethayo.
Uluntu ekuhlaleni kungayonwabela inkcubeko yalo; lusebenzise inkolo yalo; ze lusebenzise ulwimi lwalo.
Unelungelo lokufukelela kulo naluphi na ulwazi urhulumente analo.
Iintshukumo zikarhulumente kufuneka zingabi namkhethe.
Ungacela inkundla imuthathele isigqibo ngengxaki yakho yezomthetho, okanye iqumrhu elikumila kunjalo.
La malungelo akhusela abantu ababanjiweyo, abavalalwe ejele okanye ababekwa isityholo sokwaphula umthetho.
QWALASELA: Onke ke la malungelo angacuthwa ukuba oko kuya kulungisa into. Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha, funda iSahluko 2 soMgaqo-siseko.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > I > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Umbuzo: Hooray!!! Side ekugqibeleni sazifumana iindaba ezimnandi, urhulumente uvumile ukusinika la machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ndafunyaniswa ndiphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 xa ndandiphila nesifo sephepha, ingaba kufuneka ndiqalise ukusebenzisa la machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngoku?
Impendulo: Kuyandivuyisa ukuva ukuba kuyakuchulumancisa ukukhutshwa simahla kwamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kunzima ke kum ukuchazela ukuba ukufumana unyango ngala machiza kusini na. Eyona inokukwenza wazi ukuba ululungele na olu nyango kukuya kweyona klinikhi okanye gqirha ukufutshane nawe ze ucele ukuba akuthumele kwiklinikhi esebenza ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kuloo klinikhi baya kukutsala amagazi ngeenjongo zokufumanisa ukuba isibalo sakho se-CD4, esinceda oogqirha ekufumaniseni ukuba amajoni akho omzimba omelele kangakanani na okanye ungakanani na umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukhumbule ke ukuba ukuze ube nokulungela ukusebenzisa amachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka sibe kanti isibalo sakho sentsholongwane kaGawulayo singaphantsi kwamakhulu amabini okanye ube unesigulo esichaza ukuphila noGawulayo emzimbeni wakho.
Khumbula, iqhinga lentsholongwane kaGawulayo kukuhlasela amajoni ethu emizimba futhi ngokwenza njalo ibeka imizimba yethu emngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zezinye izifo ezizungul' amachele. La majoni ethu emizimba zezona zixhobo zethu zokulwa ukuncgola okungena emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wawo kukusigcina siphilile ngokuthi alwe nawaphi na amagciwane okanye izifo ezithi zisihlasele. La majoni omzimba enziwe zizihlunu ezizodwa ezibizwa ngokuba zii-CD4. Xa umntu enamajoni omzimba omeleleyo loo nto ithetha ukuba unezihlunu ze-CD4 ezininzi. Ukuba sifuna ukwazi ukuba amajoni omzimba omntu ngamnye omelele kangakanani, sithi sibale ezi CD4 ke.
Xa sibuyela kumba wokuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo le iwahlasela njani na amajoni omzimba womntu ngamnye: Xa umntu ethe wosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, le ntsholongwane izithabathela kuyo ze izibulale ezi zihlunu zeCD4. Le ntsholongwane ithintela ezi CD4 ekubeni zilwe izifo yaye endaweni izinyanzela ekubeni zidale ezinye iintsholongwane. Kuthi ke emva kweminyaka emininzi umntu abe neentsholongwane ezininzi nee-CD4 ezimbalwa egazini lakhe. Xa amajoni omzimba ephelelwe ngamandla nangakumbi izifo ezizungula amachele ezifana nesifo sephepha, ezehlisa amandla amajoni omzimba, zingafumana ithuba lokungena, kodwa ke njengoko usazi, isifo sephepha esi siyanyangeka nokuba umntu lowo sele ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Isikhumbuzo, intsholongwane kaGawulayo ayinyangeki. La machiza asetyenziswayo enzelwe nje ukukunceda uphile ubomi obongezelelekileyo nobusempilweni, ngokuthi ehlise ifuthe lale ntsholongwane egazini lakho. Shukuma ngoku ukuze ube nokuzuza lutho kule nkqubo isekhoyo yamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwale ntsgholongwane.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18337.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uluntu kudingeka ukuba lwazi ngezicelo zamaphepha-mvume otywala aphantsi koqaphelisiso ukuze lukwazi ukudwelisa inkcaso. IBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona-Koloni ngoko ipapasha uludwe lwezicelo ezingenileyo ngenyanga nganye. Uluhlu lwemicimbi yokuxoxwa yeentlanganiso zeBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona Koloni ikhona ukuze ifunyanwe luLuntu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.18356.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The Secretary of the CSF is Malibongwe Sopangisa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18381.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18393.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18397.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18401.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18405.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18413.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18421.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18423.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18425.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18427.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18429.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18431.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18437.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18443.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18453.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18457.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18459.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18461.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18465.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18469.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18471.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18481.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Serg.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18487.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Serg.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18491.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Serg.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18493.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Serg.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18495.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Serg.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18497.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Serg.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18505.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18507.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18513.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18515.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18517.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18519.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18527.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18529.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18531.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18539.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18543.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18545.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18547.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18549.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18551.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18553.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18555.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18559.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18565.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18567.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18571.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18573.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18579.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18601.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18603.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18605.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18607.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18609.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18611.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18613.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18621.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18623.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18627.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18629.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18639.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18643.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18649.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18651.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18653.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18655.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18659.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18661.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18663.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18667.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18671.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18677.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18681.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18685.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18689.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18691.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18693.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18695.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18701.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18715.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18719.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18721.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18723.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18729.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18733.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18743.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18747.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18751.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18761.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18763.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18765.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18771.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18773.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18777.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18783.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18787.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18791.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18793.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18795.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18797.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18805.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18807.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18811.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18819.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18821.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18823.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18825.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18829.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18831.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.18837.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.18853.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Insp.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18855.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18861.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18869.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18871.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18873.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18883.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18885.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18897.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18903.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18909.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18911.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18915.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18921.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18923.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18937.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.18995.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19011.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19023.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19049.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19055.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19063.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19065.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19073.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Children - R0.
Adults - R1.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.19081.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19083.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19085.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19087.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19091.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19099.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19105.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19121.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19125.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19130.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19134.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19149.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19153.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19169.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19185.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19195.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19209.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19221.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19223.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19233.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19269.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19273.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19281.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19289.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19293.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19295.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19297.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19305.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19309.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19317.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19329.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19335.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19337.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19339.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19341.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19345.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19359.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19417.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19425.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19433.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19443.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19447.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19457.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19461.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ms R Petersen.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19467.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19469.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19477.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19481.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19485.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19487.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19495.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19499.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19501.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19505.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19509.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19515.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19517.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19521.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19534.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19536.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19544.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19550.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19554.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19558.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19564.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19568.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19570.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19574.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19576.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19578.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19580.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19588.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19590.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19594.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19596.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19603.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19627.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19631.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19667.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19671.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19673.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19681.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19683.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19693.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19696.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19703.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19707.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19719.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19746.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19753.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19761.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19773.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19779.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19785.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19791.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19793.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19797.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19814.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19850.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19879.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19892.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19916.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19927.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.1994.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le yimithetho yePalamente kaRhulumente kazwe-lonke nezabamaphondo. Uwiso-mthetho lweNtshona Koloni nolukazwe-lonke ludweliswa apha ngokweminyaka.
Qwalasela: Olu ayilo luhlu lugqibeleleyo lwalo lonke uwiso-mthetho. Ukuze ufikelele kwizintlu ezipheleleyo, nceda utyelele iwebsite kaRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika Enikezela Ngolwazi kunye nePolity.org.
Uhlobo loxwebhu: pdf; ubukhulu: 1.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19945.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19952.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19958.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.19962.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.2004.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Izicwangciso zobuchule nezoshishino zikaRhulumente, zidweliswa ngokweminyaka.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.2004Scc_xhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Faka elakho ityala !
Ngubani onokufaka ityala?
njengenkampani, amaqumrhu okanye imibutho yabo.
Ngubani onokummangalela ngetyala?
Yimalini ongayifakela ityala?
Ukuba imali yakho iyadlula kwi R7 000, ungalifaka ityala ufune imali engaphantsi kwaleyo ukuze libenako ukumame-leka ityala lakho kwinkundla yamatyala amancinci.
Amatyala emali angaphezulu kweR7 000.
Ukumangalelwa kuka Rhulumente.
Amatyala amalunga nokunikezelwa kwamalungelo.
Amatyala okubanjwa ngokungekho mthethweni, okufakwa entolongweni ngokungekho mthethweni, okungcoliswa kwegama lakho, intshutshiso embi, ukuhenda nokuphula izithembiso zomtshato.
Amatyala okuphelisa umtshato.
Amatyala okuqinisekisa ubunyani bomyolelo.
tyala lentlawulo yomonzakalo, ngaphandle kweemeko apho kunikwa ingxelo yetyala okanye ukunikezelwa kwempahla ehambayo okanye engenakuhamba engadluliyo ngexabiso kwiR7 000.
nga. Kodwa ke unganako ngokunokwakho ukufuna iingcebiso kwigqwetha.
encinci yamatyala bangakunceda fele-fele.
angalaziyo okanye angalichani kakuhle.
Ulifaka njani ityala?
Thetha nalowo ummangalelayo ngobuqu, okanye ngomnxeba okanye ngokubhala, umcele azalisekise ityala lakho.
izizathu zetyala, nemali ekufuneka eyihlawule umchazele azalisekise ityala lakho kwiintsuku nje eziyi-14 eyifumene imbhalelwano yakho.
kiso sokuba imbhalelwano yathunyelwa kummangalelwa.
Yintoni omawuyise kunobhala wenkundla?
Umqulu obhekiselelwe kulo ityala okanye ubungqina.
nasemsebenzini - kwakunye neenombholo zakhe zomnxeba.
Yintoni umsebenzi kanobhala wenkundla?
Unobhala kwakunye nabacebisi bakhe kwezomthetho bazakuyifunda imiqulu yakho kwaye bakuncedise nasekuqulunqeni iisamani.
Uyakuthi akuxelele ngomhla nexesha wokumamela ityala.
Uyakuthi akunike iisamani ezo.
Uzinike umgwebi wesithili (Sherrif) yalapho kuhlala khona um-mangalelwa.
Wenza ntoni ke?
ubungqina beSherrif obuchazayo ummangalelwa wazifumana iisamani.
kweli ityala esandleni.
Xelela amangqina akho ngomhla nexesha elizakumanyelwa ngalo ityala kwaye wenze amalungiselelo wokuba ba.ke ngethuba enkundleni.
Usenokuthobela isimangalo sikammangali.
khona, kunobhala wenkundla kwaye athumele nekopi yoko kummangali.
isimangali esibhalwe phantsi esikwaneenkcukacha ezifanayo nezo zifunekayo kwiisamani.
Ukuba isimangali sifakiwe, inkundla izakuqhuba ngetyala.
lisekisile isimangali sakho?
Nika unobhala wenkundla irisiti.
Kufuneka ubekho enkundleni.
ekiselelwe kuso isimangalo.
Qiniseka akho onke amangqina akho.
Imigaqo yasenkundleni ilula kakhulu.
Akho gqwetha okanye gqwetha lejaji liyakukumela.
sakho. Beka amanqaku avakalayo.
Phendula imibuzo yomlawuli wenkundla kwaye unike ubungqina.
Wena nommangalelwa aniyikuvunyelwa nibuzane imibuzo.
Ngumlawuli-nkundla oyakukuvumela ubuze ummangalelwa.
Emva kokuba umlawuli-nkundla eniphulaphule nomman-galelwa kwakunye namangqina akhoyo, inkundla iyakuwisa isigwebo.Umlawuli-nkundla usenako noku kuchazela ngesig-webo senkundla ngembhalelwano ngelinye ithuba.
Akho sibheno sinokufakwa kwisigwebo esiwiswe yinkundla.
ukuhamba kakubi kwenkqubo zenkundla.
Isigwebo senkundla asiphindwa, ngaphandle kokuba sikho isizathu sogxeko-ncomo.
Zama ukuhlawula zonke iindleko zenkundla.
gene kuzo, ukuba unayo imali.
zesigwebo, inkundla iyakuphanda ngemeko yakhe yezemali nokuba uyakukwazi na ukusihlawula isigwebo neendleko kwaye ibone uhlobo amakahlawule ngayo.
Ukuba akakwazi ukuhlawula iindleko zesigwebo okanye umy-alelo wenkundla.
Ukuba ummangalelwa akakwazi kuhlawula indleko zesigwebo okanye imiyalelo yenkundla yamatyala amancinci kwaye ufuna isigwebo senziwe, lo mcimbi usiwa kwinkundla kamantyi, njen-goko oko kuchazwe kwiMithetho yeNkundla kaMantyi ka 1944 (Act 32 of 1944). Kubalulekile ufumane uncedo lwezomthetho ngalenkqubo.
ungaqhagamshelana ne-o.si kamantyi ekufutshane nawe.
Department of Justice and Constitutional Development.
<fn>GOV-ZA.2005.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iingxelo zikaRhulumente zonyaka zidweliswa ngokweminyaka.
Uhlobo loxwebhu: pdf; ubukhulu: 1.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.2005.feb.99377.E.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Lo Somqulu weNkululeko uqulathe ingcamango ebaluleke kakhulu yesininzi sabantu boMzantsi Afrika abafanele ukuxhamla inkululeko esiyilwelayo sisonke Ngenxa yokuba uSomqulu lo uqulunqwe ngabantu, ngoko ke, uya kuhlala engowabantu, leyo yenye yeentetha zezopolitiko eziphambili ezimalunga neenjongo zethu apho baya kuthi basebenze benamathele kuwo bonke abantu abavela nkalwana zonke zezopolitiko namathandazwe oMzantsi Afrika alwela inkululeko.
Iintsika zedemokhrasi yethu yoMzantsi Afrika esisanda kubhiyozela iminyaka elishumi yenkululeko ngenxa yazo, zisabambelele kwiingcamango nakwimibono eyayiqulunqwe kumabala aseKliptown kwiminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo, kwaye zazinawo amandla okufumana indlela yazo kuloo mbandezelo yocalu-calulo yoMzantsi Afrika kwaza kwavela ithemba lokuphila bhetele, into le leyo esimana ukuyibona isenzeka imihla ngemihla, iqhothoza kancinane kodwa ikwasinika ingqiniseko yokufezeka kwayo. Konke ke oku kwathatha iminyaka ngenxa yokwakusenzeka kwiminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo, apho isizukulwana selo xesha yayingabantu ababengavumi ukuba bachitha-chithwe bubuzwe, ukucalulwa, ukungananzwa nokungalingani, okwakusenziwa ngabacinezeli bexesha elo.
Oku kuthetha ukuthi iinzame zethu ziya kulingwa, zisingelwe phantsi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zingazelelwa nto, kuba iinkqubo zethu kufuneka zibe neenjongo, kwanokuba sisonke kufuneka sihlale silumkile ngenxa yezihendo zokuyisebenzisa ngendlela engeyiyo le nkululeko njengoko siqinisekisa ukuba uMzantsi Afrika ngowabo bonke abantu abahlala kuwo kwanokuba iNtshona Koloni iba liKhaya lethu Sonke
Ngokwenene ubuqilima bentlalo eNtshona Koloni busemngciphekweni wobu-ethe-ethe. Iimpawu zobuntu zabemi bephondo eli zibonakala zisemngciphekweni othile. Ubudlelwane obuphakathi koluntu nabo busemngciphekweni. Njengoko sivula le ndlu yowiso-mthetho namhlanje obu buthathaka sinabo buza kubonakala ngenene: abahlali baseJoe Slovo, abathi kwiivekana ezidlulileyo bangabo abebesoloko besenzelwa iinceba ngabemi beli phondo ngenxa yokuba umlilo watshabalalisa yonke into abebenayo, namhlanje ngabo abankqenkqeza phambili kwimizamo yokumanya iintlanga- ngamanye amaxesha loo mizamo iye izenzekele kanti nagamanye amaxesha iye ibe yecetyiweyo - mizamo leyo iyeyokuhlanganisa abantu abangenamakhaya eBokmakierie; abaqhubi beeteksi noogqirha kwiSibhedlele iTygerberg; abanini-mhlaba ePinelands nemizi-mveliso eEpping. Enyanisweni noku kungakhethi cala ngokobuhlanga, yinto esemngciphekweni, kanti ke lo rhulumente akanakukwazi ukumela amaqela ezopolitiko kwakhona awavumele kananjalo kunye neenkokeli zawo ukuba awusebenzise ngendlela engafanelekanga lo mngcipheko wobu bu-ethe-ethe.
Ukuba ngaba uSean unyanisile xa athi " zonke iimpawu zobuntu zihamba neemvakalelo kwaye zibuthathaka..." impikiswano ngeelwimi kwiSikolo samaBanga aPhantsi iMikro kufuneka ifundwe njengesifundo esibalulekileyo malunga nendlela esilakha ngayo iKhaya lethu sonke. Iziphumo zenkundla zibe ziziphumo ezisisisombululo esijonge calanye. ISikolo samaBanga aPhantsi iMikro siyasinyanzela ukuba sisinike ingqalelo nangakumbi islogan esithi, Sahlukene nje, sibanye. Ingaba ngumlinganiselo ongakanani wobunye, ingumlinganiselo ongakanani wokwahluka kwethu ngokwemveli ofunekayo ukuze ube ulungele iphulo IKhaya lethu Sonke Ukubumbana kakhulu kusikhokelela ekubeni side singabi nakwaziwa kakuhle njengoko siya kusuka siphulukane nobutyebi beempawu zethu ezivela ngokwezithethe nenkcubeko, ulwimi nenkolo yethu. Ukuhlukana kakhulu kuthetha ukuba kukho indawo exegayo kweyona ndawo ingundoqo, into ke leyo ethi akukho nto isibambayo sibumbane sibe banye, kanti oko kuphinde kuthethe ukuba siya kuba sibambelele kumalungelo abantu abathile kuphela singalujonganga lona uxanduva lwento yonke?
Kufuneka sibe nolingano oluzinzileyo ngokubhekiselele kwislogan esithi Sibaninzi nje, sibanye. IMikro isifundisa isifundo esilula: awunakwenza ibango, uphinde ufumbathele kuwe into ongakwaziyo ukuyinika abanye. Xa siyibeka ngenye indlela, ikamva lesiBhulu kwanesithuba esidibene nolwimi lwesiBhulu kwintlalo yethu, kwimfundo nakuqoqosho lwethu ibonakaliswa likroba elivulela isiXhosa kungenjalo naluphi na ulwimi eMzantsi Afrika. ULwimi, njengophawu lobuntu luhamba neemvakalelo kwaye lunobuthathaka balo, kodwa kufuneka lukhuselwe kubakhuseli ngabo banezo mvakalelo zimandla zihamba nolwimi olo. Ikamva lesiBhulu alukho mgciphekweni. Lukhona nolungiselelo lwesiNgesi, nasesiXhoseni kufuneka kube njalo!
INtshona Koloni nayo iyabubonisa obu buthathaka beempawu emadodeni. Yiyiphi enye into engacacisa into ebangela ukuba amadodana eBala azibandakanye nemigewu, apho ubungangamsha bawo abubonakalisa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezinobungozi njengemipu nokusebenzisa ubundlobongela obungaphaya kubantu basetyhini Yintoni enye engacacisa ukuba enyanisweni ulwaphulo-mthetho oluchaphazela abasetyhini kuzo zonke iindawo zoluntu luhlala luphezulu kwanokuba izenzo zobundlobongela ekhaya, ubudlwengu, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, ukubethwa, nokungcungcuthekiswa kwakunye nokunyhukulwa zezona zinto zichaphazela kakubi amabhinqa nabantwana entlalweni. Abaphembeleli bezi zenzo kufuneka bohlwaywe, kunjalo nje bafumane isohlwayo sexesha elide, kuba sonke sinoxanduva lokusilungisa isidoda khon'ukuze amadoda, amaqabane ethu noonyana bethu bangabonisi ukomelela kwabo ngokuthi bacinezele abafazi babo, amaqabanekazi abo neentombi zethu?
Izenzo zokuthinjwa kwelizwe, izenzo zocalu-calulo kwakunye nezenzo ezenzeke eNtshona Koloni kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi ethe yadala kwaye yabenza bondela nangakumbi ubuhlanga, ukungabandakanywa kwezoqoqosho kunye nocalulo ngokwesini zezona zinto zihamba phambili.
Izinto ezathi zadaleka ngenxa yokubakho kobuzwe phakathi kwezentlalo, zizinto ezo ezaye zathi ngaxeshanye apha ekuhambeni kwethuba zazala ukushiywa ngaphandle kwabantu bonke kwezoqoqosho. Ungquzulwano kwezentlalo lubonakalisa ukudaleka kothotho lwezinto ezinobungozi eluntwini nezingunobangela wentlupheko nokungalingani. Olu ngquzulwano lulo olulubambe nkxi ngobhongwane uluntu okanye olulubophe uluntu lwethu izandla neenyawo. Ukungabikho semgangathweni kwemizi, nokuba loo mizi iseKhayelitsha okanye iseManenberg okanye eRugby kodwa zonke ezo ndawo zinengxaki enye efanayo yokungabikho kwemisebenzi, ukungafumani zindlu zisemgangathweni kwaneenkonzo ezinjalo, ukusuka apho kusuke kubekho amanani axhomileyo ngokuphathelele kwisifo sephepha nesifo sotyatyazo. Kungathini ke ukuba ingabi nkulu into yokulahlekelwa lithemba nokufa ngenxa yale ntuntanja, kanti kwelinye icala kukwavela nesifo esibi sokuxhaphaza abantwana, udlwengulo, ubundlobongela ekhaya, amaqela emigewu, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi nengqondo ethe swii ekusebenziseni imipu?
De kube ngoku uninzi lwabantu bethu - isikakhulu basaswele - bazamana nezo meko zinzima abazibona sebephantsi kwazo ngenxa yemeko yexesha langaphambili apho sasisingelwa phantsi isidima sabo. Oku bakwenza ngenkxaso engengakanani abayifumana kwiindawo abahlala kuzo nakwiintsapho zabo, bezama nokubonisa ukomelela, kananjalo bekhondoza bezama ngako konke okusemandleni abo ukuba baphile ubomo obungcono. Aba bantu ngabantu ekufuneka sibaxhobise, nesifuna ukuyila iindlela zethu zongenelelo, sikwenza oko sisakhela phezu kwesiseko sobuqhawe babo obumandla nakwisidima sabo.
Kucacile kuthi ukuba akukho ingaphezu kwenye kukho intlupheko, intswela-ngqesho, impilo engekho mgangathweni namanqanaba aphakamileyo olwaphulo-mthetho. Ayimangalisi into yokuba eKhayelitsha ama-55% emizi athiwe wambu yingubo yentlupheko, kanti ilinganiselwa kuma-47% intswela - ngqesho ze alinganiselwe kuma-80% amatyotyombe. Kwelinye icala leSwartklip Road eMitchell's Plain kukho ubungcono noko ngokwenkcazo-manani nangona ikho into ebonisa ukuba umlinganiselo ongama-33% yimizi ehluphekayo ize ibe ngama-30% umlinganiselo wentswela-ngqesho, kanti wona amatyotyombe alinganiselwa kuma-31%. Ayothusi into yokuba liphakame inani lezenzo zobugebenga eKhayelitsha kweli phondo, kukho into ebonisa umlinganiselo oxhomileyo wokufa kweentsana apho siye siphulukane neentsana ezikumlinganiselo wama-44 kwi-1000 ngalinye labantwana abazalwayo. Iipateni ezikwanjalo ziyabonakala naphaya eMitchell' s Plain nakuzo zonke iindawo zamatyotyombe.
Kwelinye icala leli Phondo, phaya kwiKaroo ininzi into yokuthengiswa ngemizimba ngabantwana, into leyo eyaziswa kuthi yinkqubo yeSABC iSpecial Assignment ebutsheni bale veki. Izenzo ezingatshongo khona zasekuhlaleni ezenziwa ngokwamaqela, kwaye yiloo nto urhulumente esabela ngokweenkqubo ezicwangcisekileyo ngokwenziwa kweProjekthi eHlanganisayo nangongenelelo oluphambili kwimimandla yeedolophu neyamaphandle.
Ithemba endisoloko ndicinga ngalo kukuba eyona nto imandla ngalo kukuba ndilithatha njengento esisimo sengqondo, ingesiso isimo sezizwe zehlabathi. Nokuba sinalo na ithemba ngaphakathi kuthi okanye asinalo, ithemba yinto ehamba nomphefumlo, kwaye ayide ibe kufuneka ixhomekeke kwizinto ezithile ezithe zaqatshelwa zehlabathi okanye kwizinto eziqikelelweyo zemeko ethile...[IThemba] asiyonto iqinisekisiweyo ukuba xa usenza into into ethile, loo nto iya kuba neziphumo ezihle, koko ithemba yinto eqinisekisa ukuba into leyo yenziwayo inentsingiselo kusini na, akukhathaliseki nokuba ke ibe naziphumo zinjani na.
Abantu bethu bafumana iindlela zokufikelela kubuhle obunobuchule obanokuhlanganisa nempilo yabo. Ndicela ke ze niziqaphele ngeliso elibukhali iindawo ezibizwa ngokuba ngamatyotyombe; kananjalo ndicela ukuba niyibuke imisebenzi yobugcisa obumangalisayo ekumacandelo ezolonwabo; ndiyanicela kananjalo ukuba nisive isandi seengoma esithe gqolo ukuziqambela ngokutsha ngokwethu iingoma ezizodwa zeKapa. Endikucelayo ngoku kukuba kufuneka sibuyisele ithemba ngenkolo yokuba, ukuba ngaba wonke umntu unalo ithuba lokuba abe nesidima sakhe esiqinisekisiweyo baya kukhula ngamandla njengamalungu anegalelo kwinkqubela yethu yokusebenzela iKapa lethu Sonke.
Kwangokufanayo, ulwimi olusetyenziswayo kule mihla (ingakumbi ngabantu abatsha) olungamiselwanga abazenzele lona apho kuthathwe iingoma zemidlalo kamabonwakude baza baziguqula befakela awabo amazwi njengo-Brasse vannie Kaap neyingoma esulungekileyo kaSevende Laan ukuchaza iimeko zemihla ngemihla zentlalo yaseCape Flats ngesingqi se-goema. Enye into efika engqondweni ngumsebenzi weqela iGodessa ohlasela iinkolo ngelicinga ukuba azifanelekanga kwiCD yabo yokuqala. Eyona nto iphambili kule talente lulonwabo nodlamko, ingaba ke angayenza njani umntu into yokuba angaqinisi ukwenza uphando ngeKhaya lethu Sonke ukuze anike intsingiselo ngalo mzuzu Ukomelela okungaphakathi nokuqamba kubantu bethu kufuneka kukhawulezelwe ngenkxaso ngokweenkqubo-qhinga zorhulumente apho athi adale khona ngobuchule amathuba kwezentlalo nakwezoqoqosho?
Yiloo nto kanye siye sasebenzisa iqhinga esijonge ukulisebenzisa ixesha elide sisenzela ukukhula nophuhliso lweli phondo njengento esiya kusebenza ngayo neya kusikhupha entlungwini nasentluphekweni, into esiya kusebenza ngayo ukuzikhupha entluphekweni isise empumelelweni.
Iindaba ezimnandi Somlomo zezokuba kubonakala ngathi ezoqoqosho ziye zajika, kuba sisendleleni esinga ekwandiseni ukukhula kwezoqoqosho.
UkuKhula kwinkalo yokuhanjiswa kweempahla eziphuma kweli zisiya kumazwe angaphandle kuthe kwisithuba seminyaka emi-6 kwanyuka nge-8-9% ngonyaka ngokwamaxabiso ale mihla, kuquka noko kulindelekileyo kwixesha elizayo kanti noko kubonakala kwezolimo apho eli phondo lethu liye libe negalelo elingama-50% iphelele impahla ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle ezisuka kweli.
Konke oku kuthetha ukutshintsha kwezoqoqosho apho ingeniso yezoqoqosho ilinganiselekayo kumacandelo aqesha abasebenzi abambalwa ngenxa yokuxhomekeka kwiinkqubo zophuhliso lwemveliso. Xa ibekwa ngenye indlela sifumana kukho ukungalingani phakathi kwezinto ezifunekayo kumacandelo ezoqoqosho ngokubhekiselele kwizakhono kwanezinto ezifumanekayo kwimalike yabasebenzi. Ukunqongophala kwezakhono kunyanzelisa ukuba anyuke amanqanaba emivuzo yabantu abanezakhono nabo bakumanqanaba okuphatha. Ziyanda ngokwanda iziphumo zemivuzo phakathi kohlanga oluthile naphakathi kweentlanga ngeentlanga.
Njengoko kubonakala ngathi sisesemendweni onguwo ngokumayela nezoqoqosho, kubonakala ngathi sikwahamba ngendlela echanekileyo ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho. Khawuqwalasele into yokuba xa kuthelekiswa ezi holide zehlobo zimbini sele zidlule: Ukugetyengwa namalinge okugetyengwa kwabantu kuhle ngama-23,1%, udlwengulo luhle nge-13,2%, izenzo zophango ezinobugebenga zihle nge-19.4%, ukuxhatshazwa ngokubethwa emzimbeni kuhle nge-4,9%. Ukongeza koku, ukubiwa nokuxhwilwa kwabantu kuhle nge-14.2% kweli Phondo. Lulwaphulo-mthetho olunento yokwenza neziyobisi kuphela esingekathathi manyathelo afana nala sele siwathathile.
Ukuphumelela ngamandla kweprojekthi iBambanani enamavoluntiya angama-4000 athe asenza ukuba sibonakale kwaye sisabele kwimiba enento enokwenza nezitrato. Ibalulekile into yokuba esikuphumezileyo, ukugxininisa ukubaluleka kokubandakanya uluntu ekulweni kwethu ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ukwabiwa kwamaPolisa eNkonzo yoMzantsi Afrika eNtshona Koloni akhokelwe nguMkhomishina uPetros angama-6 000 sele ewalwa amanani aphakamileyo olwaphulo-mthetho ezitratweni kwanamaqela emigewu kananjalo.
Inye indlela yesisombululo esizinzileyo, ke ngoko, ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho kukuqonda oyena nobangela weengxaki esizifumanayo ezinxibeleleneyo nezihamba kunye. Ngokwaloo ngcamango ke, sizama amanye amacebo aliqela ongenelelo anganako ukujongana nemibandela enje ngale ngendlela enobuchule obukhulu kwaneya kuthi iqhube ixesha elide. Simemelela ukusetyenziswa kweli qhinga lineenjongo ezibanzi lephulo, iKapa Elihlumayo - growing and sharing the Cape. Ukuphunyezwa kweli phulo yeyona ndlela ikukuphela kwayo kwiphondo apho ngenye imini siya kunikeza ngezindlu, ukhuseleko nokubenza bakhululeke bonke abantu balo.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Somlomo, ndijonge kumaphulo amakhulu okujongana neengxaki kwanamathuba esijongene nawo kweli phondo kwanezinto esele siphambili ngazo kwezoqoqosho nakwiimfazwe zokulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ndifuna ukugxila koyena ndoqo wenjongo yethu njengoRhulumente wePhondo okwinkalo yeenkqubo ezenzeka ngaxeshanye zophuhliso. Loo njongo yinjongo esekelezwe kwezoqoqosho.
Sinoxanduva lokujongana nale ndima kufuneka siyidlale ngenxa yokuba sihamba ngokwendibaniselwano yezikhokelo zemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe nokuphunyezwa kwayo kwingingqi. Sinomsebenzi onika umdla, msebenzi lowo ungowokuba sisebenzisane sibumba iqhinga elifanelekileyo lokuphuhlisa lephondo eliyinxalenye yengxubevange yesizwe neyeliZwekazi (le-Afrika). Sakhetha indlela yokukhula sikunye, singazibandakanyi kusinga-nkululeko kananjolo singayi kuzibandakanya kwizenzo zokuzigwazisa zamandulo apho sasixhamla esingakutyalanga.
Uqinisekisa ukusebenza kweenkqubo zethu zophuhliso njengoRhulumente wePhondo siyayiqonda into yokuba ikho imfuneko yemithombo yengeniso kulwabelwano olulungeleleneyo kwakunye neegranti ezimiselweyo. Imithombo emitsha yengeniso iya kwenza kubekho indawo yokuceba njengoko ingcali kwezongenelelo imisele ukuba kube njalo. Sele behambe umgama omde ngokubhekiselele kwirhafu yefuweli (amafutha) kwaye oko kuxhomekeke ekunikweni imvume nguNondyebo weSizwe ukuba nje ingathi iphunyezwe ekupheleni kwalo nyaka, apho kulindeleke ukuba ibe ngama-R300 ezigidi ngonyaka ekufuneka anikelwe kwizibonelelo. Sicela uMphathiswa uBrown ukuba amisele uphando olukwafana nolu apho kuya kujongwa ukuba ingenziwa na irhafu yamashishini awamkela abantu (anjengeerestyu neehotele) ukuqinisekisa ngokomelela kweshishini lezokhenketho, oko kusenziwa ngesibonelelo-mali esikhulu kwezeemalike nakuphuhliso ndawonye nokuxhotyiswa kweshishini elilolu hlobo. Okwesithathu, ndiya kulivakalisa kwinyanga ezayo igama leqela eliqhube ngamandla eliya kuba nomsebenzi wokukhangela iimeko/imo yokuphumeza irhafu yezophuhliso, ebizwa ngokuba yirhafu iRobin Hood. Oku kungayeyona nto ingaxhasa ngamandla ezentlalo kunye nenkqubo yolwakhiwo lwezindlu ndawonye nophuhliso lwezibonelelo, oku konke kusekelezwe ekukhuleni kwezophuhliso lwecandelo lezemihlaba. Kakade ukuqwalasela imithombo eyongezelelweyo ezimeleyo yengeniso kuyibekela phambili imeko yokuvulela amagunya okuboleka kwamaphondo (kwingxowa-mali) sele kuqhutywa uthetha-thethwano ngayo kunye neBhanki yoPhuhliso yoMzantsi Afrika.
Ukukhula kunye sonke yinto eyenziwa nkalwana zonke kwaye ingaqinisekiswa njengokukhula okuhamba ngokulinganayo noLungelelaniso, uZinzo, noKomelela msinya. Umalathi-ndlela wokukhula kunye sonke kuza ngokwephulo iKapa Elihlumayo. Somlomo, ndifuna ukuyixelela le ndlu malunga nohlaziyo oluphathelele kwinkqubo yephulo iKapa Elihlumayo, oko sikwenza ngolungelelaniso, uzinzo nokomelela. Onke amacebo aphambili aya kugqityezelwa ngoJuni 2005.
Kucacile ukuba oku kukhula kunye kufuneka kunike wonke umntu ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuthatha inxaxheba kwezoqoqosho kwinkalo elinganayo yokwenza oko, oku kuboniswa yimo engalinganiyo kwimivuzo, kwiimalike zomsebenzi ingakumbi kwiimalike zemali. Oku kusebenza nakwabo bafikayo kwimalike yomsebenzi kwaye bangama-612 000 abantu abangasebenziyo kungoku nje kweli phondo, kananjalo nenani elikhulu lamashishini asakhasayo anganabanga nangenakubekwa kwisigaba sesibini sezoqoqosho ngenxa yokuba engenakufikelela kwimali eyinkunzi efikelelekayo, iimalike ndawonye neenkcukacha ezichaphazelekayo ukukhulisa amashishini abo.
Ukusabela kwiSicwangciso-qhinga soPhuhliso saBasebenzi siya kuza necebo elipheleleyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bethu abatsha balungiselelwa ngendlela engcono belungiselelwa iimalike zomsebenzi ingakumbi amacandelo enkonzo oqoqosho lwethu lommandla. Eli cebo lenze ukuba kwaziwe ngenxa yemacetyana apheleleyo, ukusebenza ngabo bantu kujoliswe kubo, neengxelo eziphathelele kwiziphumo ezilindelekileyo. Ngamanye amazwi Somlomo, sifikelele kwindawo apho singatsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuthi siza kuliphucula ithuba lomsebenzi ndawonye nethuba lokufunda kwabantu bethu abatsha.
Esi sicwangciso sihamba neeNkqubo zokuSebenza ezaNdisiweyo zoRhulumente ezenziwa ngokuzimisela neziya kukhupha imisebenzi engama-120 000 ubuncinane ngeli xesha ndikwesi sikhundla njengento eluphawu lwezoshishino kwanokuba uluntu lubambisane kunye nathi ukuze sibone ukuba singawaphinda-phinda njani na la mathuba emisebenzi ukuze kusebenze wonke umntu ekuhlaleni.
Sikwajonge ukuba kusebenze uthotho lwamanyathelo enkxaso ukuphucula ukusebenza ngempumelelo nokuvuselela amathuba amashishini asakhulayo kweli phondo lethu, oko sikwenza ngokuqaliswa kokwenziwa kwamaziko aliqela okunika iingcebiso nenkxaso. Phakathi komhla wama-23 kuNovemba 2004 ukuya kowe-17 kuFebruwari 2995, bangaphezulu kwama-850 oosomashishini abanamandla nasele bekho abaye bafumana uncedo kwi-Red Door eKhayelitsha. Kwiziko eliyi-Red Door kufundwa ngendlela yokufikelela kwezemali, izakhono zokujongana neprojekthi enkulu nangendlela yokufikelela ezimalikeni.
La manyathelo abalulekileyo afunekayo akakoneli. Kufuneka sisebenze ngamandla ukuze siphumeze isikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo esisekelezwe ekuXhotyisweni kwabantu abaNtsundu ngezoQoqosho. Oku kuya kwenziwa ngokwenkqubo ezijolisa kokuthile kwaye isikakhulu imimiselo yethu yentengo kuRhulumente wePhondo. Siyiqonda ngokupheleleyo into yokuba igalelo lethi kwezoqoqosho kuqoqosho lommandla kwaye sijonge ukulusebenzisa njengento ethundeza ukuba sikhulise amathuba oshishino kwabaNtsundu nakwabeBala. Ngokufutshane Somlomo, ukukhula kunye okanye ukukhulisana kunye kungaqatshelwa kuphela xa ngaba abo bantu bachaphazelekayo kwezoqoqosho bafumana ithuba elifanelekileyo lokukhuphisana njengabalinganayo.
Uphuhliso lwezoQoqosho kufuneka lomelezwe kananjalo lujoliswe ngendlelwa apha eya kuqinisekisa ukuxatyiswa kweentlobo-ntlobo zethu zezinto eziphilayo. Isixhobo sokuthundeza ukukhula okuzinzileyo okukwamanyanisa uluntu siSicwangciso ekuthiwa yiProvincial Spatial Developmente Framework (PSDF). Emva kokuba kugqityiwe siya kuthi phakathi kwezinye izinto, size nepateni entsha yophuhliso lomhlaba ovulelekileyo weNtshona Koloni. Le mbono iya kujoliswa kutyalo-mali lwecandelo loshishino lwabucala ndawonye nokuqinisekisa ngokuhambelana kolwabiwo-mali oluhlanganisiweyo kuzo zonke iinkalo zorhulumente. Ukumiswa kwamabala okudlalela igalufa abesele ephakanyisiwe ngomnye wemizekelo wokusombulula ungenelelo ngendlela esiya kuthi siphendule ngayo ngokubhekiselele kwezoqoqosho ukuqinisekisa ngeziphumo ezizinzileyo nezibandakanya wonke umntu.
Somlomo iingxaki zethu esijongene nazo kungokunje neziziingxaki ezihlangeneyo njengembalela izandyondyo zemvulo ezifuna ukuna siziqwalasele ngokupheleleyo, zinto ezo zithi zichaphazele ukukhula okuzinzileyo "asinto intle nemnandi ukuba isihlele" kodwa okungaphezulu kufuneka ibe yinto ephambili efuna ukujongwa ngamandla kule nkqubo yokukhula kunye. Indlela epheleleyo esithe sayijonga ngayo ingxaki yokutshintsha kwemozulu ibonisa indlela asoloko ezigcine ngayo izisombululo zexesha elide engqondweni kunanxa kuthelekiswa nokuba nezisombululo zexesha elifutshane urhulumente. Le ndlela kusetyenzwa ngayo iboniswa kulo lonke jikelele xa bekutyikitywa iKyoto Protocol kule veki. Ngamany' amazwi, Somlomo, uphuhliso oluzinzileyo sele luyeyona nto iphambili kumbono wethu kwanakwizinto esizenzayo njengorhulumente.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo eziphathelele kulungelelaniso nozinziso azinakuhlulwa kwezona zinto ziyinene ezingqina ukuba singummandla odlala indinyana ethile kuqoqosho lommandla, olo qoqosho luba negalelo kuqoqosho lwezizwe ngezizwe, apho imigaqo idla ngokungathotyelwa ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokuba inzala iphakame ngamandla kwaye iba sezandleni zabo bongamele ezoqoqosho. Umsebenzi wethu kukwalatha indlela esingangenelela ngayo ukwenza amacandelo ethu ohluka-hlukeneyo omelele nangakumbi ukuze abenako ukumelana nemo engenalusini yehlabathi kwanokungazinzi kwamandla emali. Ngokucacileyo, xa amacandelo ethu ezoqoqosho engenakuvuselelwa kwiimalike ezikumgangatho wokhuphiswano oxhomileyo wehlabathi, ngaloo ndlela iya kuba incinane imbono esinayo yokusombulula iingxaki ezihlanganisiweyo esijongene nazo kwezentlalo, kwi-ikholoji nakwezenkcubeko.
Yiloo nto kufuneka sityale ngokwesicwangciso-qhinga senkqubo yophuhliso ukuze sibone ukuba singenza ntoni na ngeyona nto ibalulekileyo ngoqoqosho olungebanzanga. I-MEDS iya kuba yincwadi esisikhokelo esiya kuyisebenzisa ukujonga indlela emasingenelele ngayo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwecandelo eli ndawonye namathemba omsebenzi kwisithuba sexesha elithile kwanexesha elide.
Ukuqinisa amacandelo ngamandla anawo okukhula, umz.
ukuphucula imo yezoshishino ngokuthi kuncitshiswe imida, oko kusenziwa ngokwamalinge omthetho i-Integrated Law Reform; ndawonye nokuqalisa ukusetyenziswa koCwangciso lweZibonelelo oluCetywe ngobuchule (SIP) , lucwangciso olo luya kube lujonge ekuphuculweni kwezothutho, nendlela ecwangcisekileyo kunye nocwangciso lokulawulwa kweempahla zePhondo.
Somlomo, injongo yethu yokuphathisana ngokukhula iya kubakho apha ekuhambeni kwethuba. Kufuneka ngoko ke, sikulungiselele oko kwaye sikhusele abo bangabona basengozini apha phakathi kwethu.
Ekulungiseleleni ukukhula kunye, indawo yokuqala kukulungiselela abantu bethu kunye nobuchule ndawonye nolwazi abanalo. Sizijonge ngeliso elibukhali iimfuno zezoqoqosho eziya kulungela ixesha elithile kanti nezikwalungele kwanexesha elide ngaphezu koko seziqalisa ukuziqonda iimfuno zaBasebenzi beNtshona Koloni. Seyisiya icaca ngokucaca into yokuba icebo eliya kusebenza kuBudlelwane obuphakathi kwabantu bokusebenza kufuneka bumiselwe kwindlela esizinikele ngayo ukuze kwandiswe inani labafundi abathe baphumelela imatriki emagqabini kwizifundo zezibalo nezenzululwazi, nabebezenze ngohlelo oluphezulu. Umbuzo ke ovakalayo ngothi, siya kukuphumeza njani oku Umphathiswa uNaledi Pandor sele ewathabathile amanyathelo ngokuthi avakalise ukuba ikho into elibhaso elifumanekayo emvuzweni kootitshala bezifundo zeZibalo nabezifundo zeNzululwazi, oko ebekuvakalise ebutsheni bale veki. Kufuneka sithabathe inyathelo ekugqityiweyo ngalo xa abantwana beli phondo kufuneka benekamva kuqoqosho oluvelayo eNtshona Koloni, olwenziwe zii-ICT, iboitechnoloji, ukuphanda nge-oli nangegesi, icandelo leenkonzo zemali, njlnjl. Ingaba alifikanga na ixesha lokuba kunyanzeliswe izifundo zezibalo nezenzululwazi ukuba zenziwe ngohlelo oluphezulu ngumntu wonke ezikolweni Ingaba esi ayisiso na eso sigqibo sisifunayo ukuba ngaba sifuna ukwenza igalelo/ ifuthe kule nkalo Xa zivulwayo izikolo kunyaka ozayo ngo-2006, akukho mfundi weBanga 8 omakanikwe undlela mbini wokuba angazenza na izifundo zezibalo nezenzululwazi apha eNtshona Koloni. Kuya kufuneka bezenzile. Akuyi kubakho ndlela mbini wokuba izifundo ezo zenziwe ngohlelo oluphezlu okanye ngohlelo olusezantsi na. Sifuna kusetyenziswe uhlelo oluphezulu kuphela ukususela kulo nyaka uzayo ukuya kufika kwimatriki. Ndenza isicelo kootitshala nabafundi ukuba bakwenze kusebenze oku. Esi sisitshixo esikhusela ikamva lethu?
Ingcamango ephathelele kubemi, imizi noluntu oluphila kukuzenzela , iphumezeka ngokweCebo lokuSekwa koBudlelwane obuphakathi kwabantu bokusebenza, cebo elo lithi lisikhokelele ekubeni singawavaleli amathuba abanokuba namandla nobuchule kuwo abantu, oko kusenziwa ngokungenelela kwabantu abangundoqo ekuphuhliseni uluntu. Abantu abanjalo baya kutyalwa eluntwini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba abantu bethu banolwazi ngendlela ekunokufikelelwa ngayo kwizibonelelo zorhulumente kwanakwezinye iinkonzo ukuba ngaba ziyafuneka. Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba abantu bebonke kufuneka bazibone benoxanduva lwempilo yabo ngokuthi bathathe inxaxheba kuMaqumrhu aLawula iZikolo, kwiiFoeram zokuGada zoLuntu, kuMsebenzi wokuNonotshelwa kweMpilo, msebenzi lowo uya kuba kukukhangela indlela ezisebenza ngayo iikliniki, amagosa obupolisa angamavolontiya akuBambanani. Iikomiti zeWadi, njalonjalo.
Somlomo, kwiKhabhinethi yethu yeLekgotha kule veki iphelileyo, iKhabhinethi yaye yathwaliswa uxanduva lokujongana nomngeni: wokuba ingaba singayitshintsha njani na imincili esinayo ibe zizenzo njengoko siphumelele ilungelo lokuba siqhube imidlalo yeNdebe yeHlabathi ngo-2010 ingakumbi indima ebaluleke kakhulu eya kudlalwa yiNtshona Koloni koku [apho sinethemba lokuqhuba umsitho wokuvula le midlalo, amaqela amabini kanti kwanemidlalo yee-semi-final] ukuze ibe lilifa lanaphakade labantu beNtshona Koloni elo.
Ndikholelwa ekubeni iKhabhinethi yeLekgotha, emva kokubonisana ne-SAFA kunye neSixeko iya yathabatha inyathelo lokuqala elithambekele ngakule njongo ngokuthi liqinisekise ukuba istediyam sase-athlone siya kusebenza njengendawo ephambili yokuqhutywa kwemidlalo yeNdebe yeHlabathi ngo-2010 kweli Phondo.
Ngoko ke sibona ukuba intsebenziswano phakathi kwamacandelo oRhulumente namacandelo oshishino abucala adale ukuba kubekho izithuthi eziya kudubanisa isikhululo seenqwelo-moya kunye nesixeko saseKapa, into ke leyo eyayisoloko ingummiselo owawusekwe kwakudala, ukuba ngaba sifuna ukusombulula iingxaki zengxinano yezithuthi esele iqhube ixesha elide. Ngamanye amazwi Somlomo, kwisithuba nje siminyaka emihlanu uMbindi weSixeko saseKapa ungaguquka ngaphezu kokuba sicinga.
Ngaphezu kwezinto esithe sasizama nzima ukuziphumeza silungiselela i-WC 2010, ukuba ngaba loo migudu icetywe kakuhle kwaza oko kwalawulwa ngendlela efanelekileyo naxa sikhulisa umoya ofanelekileyo wemidlalo, loo nto iya kuba yinto enkqenkqeza phambili ukutshintsha iindlela zokuphila phakathi kwabantu abatsha beli phondo, abangamaxhoba eHIV - AIDS, iziyobisi, amaqela emigewu, ulwaphulo-mthetho kanti bakwangabatu abangenathemba. Isikolo ngasinye, igumbi lokufundela ngalinye, ibala lokudlalela ngalinye kwiindawo zethu zoluntu, kufuneka sizibone sele singenakuphuncuka kwiibhola ekhatywayo nemidlalo ngokubanzi. Olu hlobo loguquko kwezentlalo luya kufuna ukuba sisebenzise amathuba esidalwe nawo ukuze kuhlaliswane ngamoya mnye ekuhlaleni. IWC 2010 kufuneka ibe ngowona mqondiso wethu wephulo, iKhaya lethu Sonke.
Saye saphinda sakhunjuzwa kwakhona kule veki iphelileyo ukuba imeko emandla yokubambezeleka kubuchule nolwazi kwicandelo lorhulumente iya ibheka phambili. Oku kuyisingela phantsi kakhulu into yokunikwa kwengqalelo kwemigaqo-nkqubo ephathekayo necacisa ngokumhlophe ezona zinto kufuneka zibonelelwe nekujoliswe kuzo ngamandla. UMongameli ukubeke ngokungenalusini oku kwintetho yakhe. Ubuchule nolwazi lokuphumeza iinkqubo zethu kufuneka zibe yeyona nto iphambili kulo nyaka uzayo. Sivakalisa ukuzimisela kwethu ekwakheni umbuso onophuhliso ofanelekileyo, osebenza ngokwamacebo akhayo nanempumelelo oko sikwenza kunye nabasebenzi baseburhulumenteni, kodwa ke oko akupheleli nje ekusebenzeleni abantu esibakhonzileyo kuphela, koko kufuneka kubekho nobuchule kwakunye nendlela yokuziphatha efanelekileyo ukuze imiba ephambili yorhulumente ifezeke. Kungenxa yoku ukuze sibe sinikwe umsebenzi wokuphanda ukukhangela ukuba abasebenzi bethu bazi kangakanani na, benolwazi nengqiqo engakanani na malunga nokukhula kwephondo nangesicwangciso-qhinga sophuhliso, iKapa Elihlumayo.
Kudala inzolo kwaye kuyakhuthaza okuthe kwafunyaniswa xa bekuqhutywa uphando, apho ibe ngama-45% abasebenzi bethu abangekeva nokuva ngesicwangciso, iKapa Elihlumayo, kodwa bengaphezu kwama-90% abanolwazi ngaso. Oku kubonisa ukuba isicwangciso, iKapa Elihlumayo asikasebenzi kakuhle. Eyona nto ixhalabisayo ke ngoko kukuba ama-54% abo banolwazi ngesicwangciso, iKapa Elihlumayo abakhe bayicinge into yokuba esi sicwangciso singayichaphazela indlela abasebenza ngayo kanti nendlela eliya kusebenza ngayo isebe kwixesha elizayo. Somlomo, sithi abawenze mncinane umsebenzi wethu wokuphumeza ingqiqo kwakunye nokuzinikela kwi-ajenda entsha esakha ngayo.
Siya kuqhuba uphando olumandla kubasebenzi bethu sizama ukuqonda ukuba kungani na ukuba inkonzo yoburhulumente ingabonakalisi mdla kulo lonke jikelele kwi-ajenda ezintsha eziqulathwe kwiphulo iKhaya lethu Sonke nephulo iKapa Elihlumayo. Akufuneki sicingele nje ubuvila okanye ukugxekwa, koko kufuneka sikhangele into oluluncedo ngayo unxibelelwano lwethu kunye nabasebenzi sikhangele kwanamandla la wethu ukuze sibaqinisekise ukuba le ndlela intsha, izakhono ezitsha ezifunekayo, isimo esitsha sokuziphatha esilindelekileyo ngokweBatho Pele, nokuzinikela ekunikeni inkonzo ebalaseleyo ukuba zezona zinto zingundoqo sizifunayo.
Siya kwenza uphando olufuna ukuqonda ngezakhono noluya kusinceda ekuqondeni eyona ndlela ingcono esinokuthelekisa ngayo ubuchule nolwazi kwezona zinto ziphambili ngokubaluleka ekungafuneka kuqalwe ngazo ukunikwa kweenkonzo, size sinike bonke abasebenzi umqondiso wokuba siyafuna ukutyala kubo njengabantu kwanabaqeshwa, kodwa oko kusenziwa ngokuqhutywa zezona zinto ziphambili zifuna ukwenziwa kananjalo neemfuno zorhulumente. Asinakukwazi ukunika amakhefu athathwa ixesha elide kwanamakhefu okufunda ahlawulelwayo anikwa abantu abathatha izifundo ezingahambelaniyo nophuhliso lorhulumente.
Siya kuwenza amaziko esiqeqeshela kuwo abe zizixhobo kwakhona, lo maziko ngamaziko afana neCape Administrative Academy. Kubalulekile ukuba la maziko kunye nothungelwano ngeenkqubo zamaziko-mfundo ephakamileyo lunike inkxaso enempumelelo ekufezekiseni iphulo iKapa Elihlumayo.
Sikholelwa ekubeni iiMbizo zabasebenzi zezona zixhobo zibaluleke kakhulu ezivumela umntu wonke kwiqumrhu eli ukuba azibandakanye kumbono nakwimigaqo-nkqubo yorhulumente wephondo, kwanokuba kuya kuqaliswa ngenani leeMbizo zabasebenzi kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu ezizayo.
Siya kuphumeza iNkqubo yoLawulo lweNdlela yokweNzizwa koMsebenzi esebenzayo. Ziphelile ezo ntsuku zazisayanyaniswa nobuvila, nokungaboni ngasonye ndawonye nobukrwada kubasebenzi baseburhulumenteni. Ukusebenza ngokubambisana kunye neKhomishoni yeeNkonzo zasebuRhulumenteni kuya kwenza kukhawuleziswe inkqubo yokumisela iinkonzo ezinikwayo ezisemgangathweni kuwo onke amasebe kwisithuba sonyaka. Urhulumente uya kutsho abe nako ukusebenzisa le migangatho yeenkonzo njengesixhobo esiya kusenza sikwazi ukuphendula.
Lo ngunyaka wokuba siphumeze iSicwangciso-qhinga esiLungeleleneyo seNgqesho kunye nokuzinikela, iGqiza elijongene noMsebenzi leSizwe liya kutyalwa lisebe loMphathiswa uFraser-Moleketi osebenza ngamandla esebenzela ukuhlangabezana nemihla yokuvala ekuMatshi 2005 esenzela esi sicwangciso-qhinga sinabileyo malunga nalo mbandela.
Ngaphezu koko sikwaqwalasele nento yokuba kukho ukusilela kwizixhobo ezithile ezinentsingiselo zorhulumente ngenxa yobucukubhede obufunekayo bobugcisa kuzo. Enye yezo zinto yiNkqubo yoLawulo lweNdlela yokwenziwa koMsebenzi apho siya kuhamba ngokweentshukumo ezo. Kulandela le ntetho, izivumelwano eziphathelele kwindlela yokusebenza phakathi kwaBaphathiswa kunye neentloko zamasebe abo ekufuneka zinikwe imvume yiNkulumbuso. Iziphumo zokuQhutywa koMsebenzi, izinto ekujoliswe kuzo kwanezalathisi aziyi kuphinda zichazwe ngendlela engacacanga kwaye aziyi kwenziwa ngendlela equka nje konke. Kufuneka zibe namandla, zibe nokulinganiseka, kwaye zenziwe zihambelane ncakasana nezicwangciso-qhinga zephulo, iKapa Elihlumayo. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kufuneka zenziwe ngendlela eqinisekisa ukuba iNtloko yeSebe eli izihambisa ngendlela elawulekayo neya kwenza kuphendulwe ngazo.
Kule veki iphelileyo kwiNtetho yakhe yeSizwe, uMongameli uThabo Mbeki uye wathetha kwavokotheka ngobundoqo kurhulumente weedolophu kwinkqubo efanelekileyo yocwangciso lophuhliso noziso lweenkonzo phakathi koorhulumente. Ugxininise kwinto yokuba: "iKhabhinethi isebenzela ukungqamanisa iNjongo yoPhuhliso loMhlaba oVulekileyo yeSizwe kunye nokuKhula kwiPhondo ndawonye neZicwangciso zoPhuhliso kunye naMacebo oPhuhliso aHlanganisiweyo omasipala."
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba oku kuyasebenza kuqulunqwe uMthetho osaYilwayo wezoBudlelwane phakathi kooRhulumente apho lo mthetho usayilwayo uya kuwiswa khona, oko kusenziwa ePalamente xa lo nyaka usiya ekupheleni. Ngulo mthetho usayilwayo omisela ubudlelwane obuphakathi kweenkalo zoRhulumente kwanoqinisekisa intsebenziswano ekucebeni nasekufezekiseni oko kucetyiweyo.
Iforam yasebuRhulumenteni yeNkulumbuso iya kuba yiforam elindelekileyo nefanelekileyo ekuhlanganiseni nasekwenzeni izigqibo kwimisebenzi eyenziwayo nasekusebenzeni koomasipala, kwaye oku kusivumela ukuba sikwazi ukuqwalasela iingxaki zolawulo neyolwazi nobuchule olusasilelayo kwabanye oomasipala abakweli Phondo. Asinako ukuyinyamezela into yokungasetyenziswa kolwabiwo-mali, ingakumbi kwimicimbi ephathelele kulwakhiwo lwezindlu nezibonelelo, okanye ukusilela kwezinto kwiinkqubo zentengo apho bekufanele ukuba ezo ziinkqubo ezithe tse ezingenakukhalazelwa.
Yinto eqinisekisiweyo ukuthatha kwethu inxaxheba kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi ukuba i-ajenda echaziweyo kule ntetho kufuneka iqhutyelwe phambili ngokwentsebenziswano kunye noluntu ndawonye necandelo loshishino lwabucala. Sinebhongo ukunika ingxelo yokuba saye sahlanganisana ngempumelelo kwiNgqungquthela yokuKhula noPhuhliso ngomhla wama-28 kuJanuwari ngo-2005. Kwabekwa isiseko sokuzikisa izinto eziphunyezwayo zezivumelwano ekwagqitywa kuzo xa kwakumiselwa iNgqungquthela yokuKhula noPhuhliso kunyaka odlulileyo. Okwaphunyezwayo kukwamisela ukubaluleka kweKhansile yoPhuhliso lwePhondo njengendawo yengxoxo apho singakwazi khona ukuvakalisa izinto esahlukana ngazo kodwa sifune kwanezinto esingqonelanayo ngazo ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokuphila kwabantu. Ndinovuyo ke ngoko lokuba ndiqinisekise ukuba ndiye ndavakalisa amalungu amatsha ePDC izolo. La malungu aya kuvakaliswa esidlangalaleni ebutsheni bale veki izayo xa sele sabaxelela bonke abaza kuba kwezo zikhundla.
Ukongeza koku, Somlomo, ndiya kusele ndivakalisa ukuba abo kuthe kwaphakanyiswa amagama abo njengabaza kuba kwiKhomishoni yoLutsha baya kuqalisa ngoLwesihlanu, umhla wama-25 kuFebruwari 2005. Ukunikwa iintsuku ezingama-72 ezifuneka ukusuka kunyulo olo ukuya ekumiselweni, sinengqineseko yokuba xa lufikile olo Suku loLutsha siya kuba nequmrhu esele limile esiya kuthi sikunye nalo sisebenze zonke izinto eziphambili kumaqela oyamene nolutsha. Siya kuba neKhomishoni yoLutsha eya kuwenza ume ngendlela umgaqo-nkqubo kunye nezabelo zorhulumente ngokubhekiselele kufundo, kuqeqesho lomsebenzi, kwiiprojekthi zolutsha njalo-njalo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba imeko esekelezwe kwezesini ehamba nezifo zasentlalweni kweli Phondo kwanokuqhubeka kusingelwa phantsi isidima samabhinqa kwezoluntu nakwezoqoqosho, asingeke siyibukele sihlele nje singawakhuseli amabinqa ekuphathweni dlakadlaka nasekuxhatshazweni. Kodwa unyaka u-2005 kufuneka ibe ngunyaka apho siphinda siphonononge iinkqubo zokubonisana zikarhulumente nokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yamabhinqa ekuthuwa yi-Women in Dialogue eNtshona Koloni iba liqonga lokuthundeza ukuxhotyiswa kwabasetyhini, kwanokuvuselelwa kwesidima sabo ndawonye nokuthathelwa ingqalelo ngokolingano kwamabhinqa eluntwini. Imeko yendalo kufuneka ibe yimanyano eyomeleleyo iWomen's Movement apho lo mbutho uya kuthi uzithethele khona.
Kufuneka sibe ngamahlakani ngokupheleleyo kwaye sizimisele ekuyinikeni ingqalelo inkqubo yokuvuselelwa kwe-Afrika njengoko nathi siliphondo le-Afrika. Somlomo, uMongameli uMbeki walinika eli Phondo umsebenzi omkhulu ekudlaleni indima ephambili emaliyenze kwiprojekthi yokulondoloza, ukuvuselela nokuyenza yaziwe ingqokelela ebalulekileyo yeembalo zangenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibini eziseTimbukthu, eMali. Iya kuba sithi abaya kwenza unyuso lwengxowa-mali yokwakha imyuziyam eza kugcina iimbalo isigxina, le myuziyam iya kwakhiwa liqumrhu labokhi abasuka kweli Phondo.
Sathi xa sasingena kwezi zikhundla ngoMeyi 2004, saqalisa ngokukhawuleza ukusebenza ngenkqubo yeentsuku ezili-100. Oko sasikwenzela ukuba sikhawuleze ukujonga ezona zinto zifuna ukuqwalasela kuqala apha eNtshona Koloni kananjalo nokubenza ukuba basithembe abantu ababesakungananzwa ngoorhulumente ababengazinzanga beNtshona Koloni. Kanti ke kwakhona oku sakwenziswa nayinto yokuba sasisazi ukuba inkqubela eyiyo kufuneka iqhutywe yimiba ephambili kwakunye neenjongo ezilinganisekayo. Sele siphumeze ama-90% ezinto esasijolise kuzo kwisithuba nje seentsuku ezili-100. Asikhange sithi ngenxa yokuba sikuphumezile oko, sasele siyekelela umxakatho kodwa siye sathi ngokukhawuleza saqalisa ngezinto ezintsha ekuye kwafuneka kujoliswe kuzo nekufuneka zibe ziphunyeziwe ngo-Epreli ka-2005. Oku ke sithi xa sikubiza sithi liPhulo lePasika kwaye sijonge ukuba sihlangabezane nezo zinto sijolise kuzo.
Nakubeni ngeli xesha sisebenza ukubeka ilitye elisisiseko kwimpumelelo yesizukulwana esithile ndawonye nempumelelo eyakhelanayo nezinye izizukulwana kufuneka siqinisekise ngokukhawulezisa nangokuphumelela kwenkqubo yokunikwa kweenkonzo ngexeshana elifutshane. Ukugxininisa koku ndinike uMphathiswa weKhabinethi ngamnye umsebenzi wokuba abonise isisombululo salo rhulumente.
UMphathiswa uStali wanikwa umsebenzi wokuvuselela imidlalo ezikolweni, ukubenza abantwana bethu bathambise imizimba yabo ezikolweni kwakhona, badlale nokuba ngumdlalo mnye okungenani nokuqinisekisa ukuba ootitshala abangxameli ukugoduka ngo-2 emalanga koko bahlale esikolweni besenza ulungiselelo lweenkqubo zasemva kwemini. Le yeyona ndlela esingabujika ngayo ubomi bolutsha.
UMphathiswa uRamatlakane uya kuqhuba neenzame zakhe zokunciphisa ulwaphulo-mthetho olukhatshwa bubundlobongela nokufa okwenzeka ezindleleni zethu. Simbekele izinto emakajolise kuzo ekwenzeni oko, apho ngoku kukho ukuncipha kwezi zinto nge-7% nange-5% ngokokulandelelana kwazo, kwanamapolisa angama-400 akwaloliwe aya kuthi ehle esenyuka noololiwe.
UMphathiswa uMqulwana uya kuzalisekisa isibhambathiso sethu esiphathelele kubantwana bethu sokuba bakhuseleke banikwe namathuba angawo xa beqalisa imfundo, oko kusenziwa ngokuphuculwa kwamaziko e-Early Childhood Development ali-120, msebenzi lowo uya kuqaliswa ngaphambi kwePasika.
UMphathiswa uFransman uya sele ekhuphe iziza ezili-15 000 apho sele kwakhiwe izindlu ezintsha ezingama-9 000 kulo nyaka-mali umileyo, eyisebenzise ngendlela enempumelelo nemali evela kuhlahlo-mali eyayigqithiselwe ukusuka kunyaka-mali odluleyo eyiR150 yezigidi.
Ngamanye amazwi, Somlomo, lo ngurhulumente ogxile ngokulinganayo ekwenzeni eyona nto ifunekayo ixesha elide engajonge nje kubaluleko lokunika iimfuno ezikhawulezileyo ebantwini. Ngokuqinisekileyo, icebo elinjalo alisetyenziswanga nje ngaphandle kwenjongo kwanocelo-mngeni kodwa oku kuyinto eqinisekileyo ukuba kungani na icace kangakanani into yokuba ngulo rhulumente kuphela, ngokweli xesha, onawo amandla okusitshabalalisa isenzo sexesha elidlulileyo.
Ngo-1955 xa abantu babehlanganisene bequlunqa uSomqulu weNkululeko emva kokufuna iimbono zoluntu nkalwana zonke zeli lizwe, babesazi ukuba kufuneka abantu bayivandlakanye ixesha elide baze bahlale bengagungqi kwingqiniseko yokuba oko babekwenza bezimisele kusomqulo lowo kuya kuthi ekugqibeleni kube neziqhamo ezihle, ezingaphaya kokuba babelindele ngexesha lokudla kwabo ubomi.
Ndiyaweva amandla ndiyibona nenjongo engagungqagungqiyo yaba bantu njengoko bebambe umngcelele woqhankqalazo Aba ngabantu abavela kuzo zonke iinkalo abeze kule ndibano, ngelize kuva, babonisane bamkele usomqulu wabo olungiselelwe ikamva labo, lo somqulu uyilwe ngoko kusuka kwezo ntliziyo zikrazukileyo nakuba benethemba nje... Oku yayikukuzalwa kosomqulu wanaphakade ongavumiyo ukutshabalala nokuba zazingavunyelwa kangakanani iintlelo ngeentlelo zakhe... okubhalwe ephepheni kunganyhashwa kodwa zingenakufa zona izimvo ezibhaliweyo kuye.
Namhlanje siya kwazi ukuthi apha eNtshona Koloni ezo ngcamango zazivakaliswe ngokubhalwa ephepheni eKliptown kwisithuba seminyaka engamashumi amahlanu eyadlulayo sifumane intsulungeko kwisicwangciso -buchule sokukhula kunye, iKapa Elihlumayo, umbono wethu weKhaya lethu Sonke.
<fn>GOV-ZA.2006.feb.127410.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
"29 million condoms will be distributed by the Health Department in ourprovince alone this year " Minister Uys said today. They are freely available at all our facilities throughout the province and there is no excuse for people to have unprotected sex, Uys said.
A sexually transmitted infection (STI) is transmitted from one person to another during unprotected sex. Minister Uys said you can get an STI from having sex only once with an infected partner.
There are more than 20 different types of infection, which can be spread through sexual contact. Some of these are syphilis, gonorrhoea (drop) and herpes. HIV (human immuno-deficiency virus), which causes AIDS, is also considered a sexually transmitted infection. HIV is the most dangerous STI, because it is incurable. There are no visible signs of the illness in the early stages and it may take years before a person becomes ill. During this time the infection can be passed on to sexual partners.
Minister Uys says one in every 10 sexually active persons in SA is infected with an STI.
Abnormal discharge from sexual organs.
That person must get his or her own medicine.
Minister Uys said to condomise is the best prevention.
Don't understand government jargon or an acronym Use the GLOSSARY?
| QUESTIONS Just ask us: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20062.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.2007.mar.154695.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
<fn>GOV-ZA.2007ServiceCharterXHOV4.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukususela ngo 1994, kulan-delwa nokukhula kwesiko lwamalungelo oluntu, ingqwalasela ithe ukusuka kwing-qubo yobulungisa ejonge ukohlwaya nongquzulwano ya-jonga kubulungisa obakhayo. Okubalulekileyo kule ngcinga yobulungisa obakhayo kukunakana into yokuba ulwaphulo-mthetho alusosenzo esibi kurhulumente kuphela, kodwa sisenzo esibi nakumntu eso senzo senziwa kuye. Le ngcinga yokubeka ixhoba ngaphambili kwinkqubo zobulungisa zol-waphulo-mthetho zihambisana necebo lokuphelisa ubund-lobongela. Injongo zoku kukuxhobisa amaxhoba ngokuthi kujongwe iimfuno zawo zomphefumlo nezempahla.
Itshata yamaxhoba nencwadi ehambisana nayo inqanaba elincinane zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo ezithetha ngokubanzi yaye zidibanisa amalungelo nokufanele ukuba kuyenziwa ngoku nxulumene nenkonzo ezijonge amaxhoba nabo babekhe bangamaxhoba olwaphulo mthetho eMzantsi Afrika. Itshata yamaxhoba ihambelana necandelo 234 lo mGaqosiseko.
Ndinethemba lokuba ngokuzimisela nenkuthalo yabo bon-ke abadlala indima kwinkqubo yezobulungisa, le Tshata ya-maxhoba izakuncedisa ekusebenzeni kwemithetho ekumele yenze ukuba ubulungisa bubeyinyani kuluntu lonke.
Yenkqubela-phambili ebalulekileyo eyenziwe ukusukela mhla kwasekwa uRhulumente wentando yabaninzi, ngok-uphathelele kutshintsho lwenkqubo yobulungisa ukuqinise-kisa ukufikeleleka kubulungisa nenkqubo eziniki-mpedulo kuluntu, ngokungakhathaleli ezobuhlanga, isini, inkcubeko, nesimo.
Ukwenza amalungiselelo oncedo lwexhoba xa amanqanaba engahlangabezeki.
Amalungelo akho njengexhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ukuba uthe walixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, lamalungelo alandelayo, afumaneka kumGaqo siseko nakwimithetho ethile, azakukhuselwa xa unxibelelana nenkqubo yolwa-phulo-mthetho kwezobulungisa.
Unalo ilungelo lokuba unakekelwe ngokukhawuleza nangentobeko, uphathwe ngembeko kulungiselelwa isidima sakho nobomi obubobakho ngawo onke amalungu alo naliphi isebe likarhulumente eliseben-zisana okanye elinikeza inkonzo kuwe (ukususela ngoku bazakubizwa ngokuba ngabanikezeli nkonzo).
Amapolisa, ngexesha lophando; umtshutshisi nama-gosa enkundla ngexesha lolungiselelo nangexesha lwenkqubo yokuthethwa kwetyala, kwakhona njeng-abo bonke abanye abanikezela ngenkonzo, fanele bathathe imilinganiselo ukunciphisa nayo nayiphina ingxaki kuwe njengexhoba ngokuqhuba udliwano-ndlebe kunye nawe ngolwimi lwakho nalapho kus-ithele khona ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Le milinganiselo iza kunqanda ixhoba ekubeni layan-yaniswe nokuphatha kakubi ngokukhetha okukwesi-bini.
Unelungelo lokunikezela ngolwazi ngexesha lophando lolwaphulo-mthetho nokuthethwa kwetyala.
Eli lungelo lithetha ukuba ungayithabatha inxaxheba (apho kuyimfuneko nalapho kulunge khona) kwinkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho zobulungisa, ngokuya kumamela ingxoxo zebheyile, uthetho lwetyala, kwinkqubo zow-iso-sigwebo nakwi / okanye kuchotshelo lwebhodi yengqawule.
Le nto ithetha ukuba uza kubanalo ithuba lokwenza in-gxelo engaphaya emapoliseni ukuba uyaqonda ukuba ingxelo yakho yokuqala ayigqitywanga; kwakhona un-gayenza ingxelo enkundleni ukuzisa ingcaciso yokuba ulwaphulo-mthetho lukuphathe njani na.
Ilungelo lokufumana ulwazi.
Kwakhona, njengengxenye yeli lungelo, uyakwazi ukucela ingcaciso yanayiphina into ongayiqondiyo, ngolwimi lwakho.
Unelungelo lokufumana ulwazi nokuba uxelelwe ngazo zonke inkonzo eziphatheleleneyo ezikhoyo kuwe ng-abanikezeli zinkonzo.
Fanele uxelelwe ngendima yakho etyaleni nokuba ityala lizakutsala ixesha elingakanani. Ungacela ulwazi oluphathelele nentsuku inkundla ezakuchophela ngayo ityala, imirhumo yamangqina neenkqubo zokhuseleko zamangqina.
Ungacela ukwaziswa ngewonga letyala, ukuba umoni ubanjiwe na okanye akakabanjwa, ubekwe ityala na, unikwe ibheyile, umangalelwe, ubanjiwe, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ugwetyiwe na.
Ungazicela izizathu zesigqibo ezithe zathathwa malun-ga netyala lakho ukuba liqhubeke notshutshiso okanye hayi.
Unelungelo lokufumana lo maxwebhu umthetho okunika ilungelo lokubana ukwazi ukufikelela kuwo.
Ungacela ukufumana isaziso senkqubo ozakuya kuzo.
Kwakhona ungacela umtshutshisi azise umqeshi wakho zonke iinkqubo, ezingenza ukuba kufuneke ungabikho emsebenzini.
Unelungelo lokuba ukhululeke kungcungcuthekiso, kwimbandezelo, uloyiko, ubhucabhuco, unyobo, ukungcola nempathombi. Ukuba ulingqina fanele uxele izisongelo ezinjalo emapoliseni okanye kumtshutshisi omkhulu kaRhulumente.
Ukuba uyavumelana neemfuno ezithile, amapolisa emva koko aza kusebenzela ukuba ubekwe ngaphan-tsi kokhuseleko lwengqina.
Ukuba isicelo esinjalo siyaphumelela, uyakubekwa kwinkqubo yokhuseleko lwengqina, ekubeni uselapho uyakube ukhuselekile kangangoko kuzo zonke iindlela zempembelelo ezingafanelekanga, nakwimbandezelo okanye ekungcungcuthekisweni.
Oku kuza kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwakho njengengqina ukwenzela ukuthi ubungqina bakho bufumaneke, yaye kuzakwenza ukuba ukurhoxa ekungqineni kungenzeki ngenxa yempembelelo engafanelekanga.
Eli lungelo lithetha ukuba kwiimeko ezithile inkundla ingaluthintela upapasho lwalo naluphina ulwazi (kubandakanywa nobuwena), okanye ingayalela ukuba ityala lixoxwe ngaphaya komkhusane (ngasese).
Ungacela iiNkonzo zoLuleko ukuba zikuxelele ukuba umoni ubalekile okanye utshintshiwe.
Unelungelo lokucela uncedo, kwaye xa kukho imfuneko unako ukufikelela kwinkonzo zezempilo nezengcebiso kwakunye noncedo lwasemthethweni oluphendulayo kwiimfuno zakho.
Amapolisa aza kukuncedisa ngokukucacisela iinkqubo zamapolisa; ngokukuxelela amalungelo akho nokwen-za isingqinisiso esifanelekileyo kwabanye abanikezeli nkonzo.
Umtshutshisi uza kuqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo eyo-dwa iyasetyenziswa ngokunxulumene netyala lesini, ubugebenga basekhaya nenkxaso yomntwana/isondlo, ukuthi lomatyala achotshelwa kwiinkundla ezizodwa apho zikhona.
Ukuba unemfuno ezizodwa, bonke abanikezeli nkonzo ngokunxulumene nemisebenzi yabo elandelelanayo banoxanduva lokuthatha onke amanqanaba ukwam-kela amaxhoba anemfuno ezizodwa bawaphathe ngobunono.
Unelungelo kwimbuyekezo yelahleko okanye umonaka-lo wempahla ezonakele ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe ngokuchaseneyo nawe.
Imbuyekezo ibhekiselele kumyinge wemali inkundla ejonge ezobundlobongela ithi iyinike ixhoba elithe la-lahlekelwa okanye lonakalelwa yimpahla, kubandakan-ya imali, ngenxa yesenzo solwaphulo-mthetho okanye ukungalandeli komthetho komntu obanjiweyo ngok-wenza ulwaphulo-mthetho.
Umtshutshi uza kukuxelela ukuba umyalelo wembuyek-ezo uvunyiwe yinkundla, akucacisele ukuba uthini umyalelo yaye ungawusebenzisa njani. Apho inkundla yolwaphulo-mthetho inganiki myalelo wembuyekezo kummangalelwa uyakwazi ukufaka ityala kwinkundla enjongene namatyala ezemali. Lento yenzeka apho umonakalo kungekho lula ukuwulinganisela ngokweze-mali njenga kwityala lo monakalo wengqondo okanye intlungu nobuhlungu.
Unelungelo kwisibuyiselo ngokuphathelele kwimpahla oyithathelwe ngokungekho mthethweni. "imbuyekezo" ibhekiselele apho inkundla, emva kokufumanisa um-angalelwa enetyala, iyalela umoni abuyisele iimpahla afunyenwe enetyala lokuba nazo ngokungekho mthethweni azithathe kuwe ukwenzela ukugcina wena usendaweni obukuyo ngaphambi kwetyala.
Umtshutshisi uza kukuxelela ukuba imbuyekezo iquka ntoni kwaye unobhala wenkundla uza kukunceda eku-nyanzeliseni eli lungelo.
Gcina engqondweni ukuba unelungelo lokukhalaza, unganxibelelana neSebe likaRhulumente elithile okanye umnikezeli ngenkonzo ukuba ngaba unesikhalazo ngok-uphathelelene nenkonzo oyifumanayo okanye ukuba ngaba amalungelo akho awasiwanga so.
a. I-ofisi yomkhuseli woluntu, b. Ikhomishoni yamaLungelo oluNtu yaseMzantsi Afrika c. Ikhomishoni yolingano ngokwesini, d. candelo lezikhalazo elizimeleyo, e.
f. Ikhansile yemisebenzi yezempilo yoMzantsi Afrika, okanye g.
Iinkcukacha ngolwazi olungaphaya ngokudibanise ne tshata yamaxhoba nceda bhekisa kumaNqanaba amaNcinane kwiNkonzo zamaXhoba olwaPhulo-mthetho. Olu xwebhu luyafumaneka kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi kaRhulumente.
Itshatha yenkonzo yamaXhoba olwaphulo-mthetho aseM-zantsi Afrika yaphuhliswa liCandelo leSini kwiSebe lezoBu-lungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko, ngentsebenziswano neSebe loPhuhliso lwezeNtlalontle, iiNkonzo yezoLuleko, iMfundo, nezeMpilo, kwakunye noGunyaziwe woTshutshiso weSizwe, iiNkonzo zamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika, iKhomis-honi yotHaziyo mthetho wokuLungisa yaseMzantsi Afrika, iKhomishoni yamaLungelo oluNtu yaseMzantsi Afrika, i-Ofisi yomKhuseli woluNtu, iCandelo leziKhalazo eliziMeleyo, iiKhomishini zamalungu eeNkonzo zooMantyi nenkundla kwakunye namalungu amaPolisa enqila yeTshwane.
Isebe lobuLungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko libulela kakhulu ngeminikelo exabisekileyo eyenziwe yimibutho engekho phantsi koRhulumente eyahlukahlukeneyo na-maziko emfundo ephakamileyo kumaxwebhu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.2008PolPardon_AppForm[AllegedPolitically]IsiXhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba waye wazuza wena buqu ngayo nangayiphi na indlela ngokwenza elo/loo (ma) tyala?
Ukuba kunjalo, cacisa ubunjani kunye nobungakanani beenzuzo ezinjalo.
Yayiyintoni injongo yezopolitiko, ukuba kukho nayiphi na, owawufuna ukuyiphumeza ngokwenza i(ama)tyala?
Ingaba umbutho wakho, iziko, iqumrhu okanye umbutho wenkululeko uzuze ntoni ekwenziweni kwe(kwama)tyala?
3.5 (a) Ingaba wawuligosa/umbambi-ofisi/ilungu umxhasi wawo nawuphi na umbutho wezopolitiko/iziko/iqumrhu/umbutho wenkululeko ngexesha ekwenziwa nga(wo)lo i(ama)tyala. Ukuba kunjalo, Sesiphi isikhundla owawukuso?
3.6 Xela izizathu zokuba kutheni ku kuba kokulungileyo ukuba uMongameli akunike uxolelo.
4.1 Ingaba wasifaka isicelo soxolelo kwi-TRC?
5.3 Ukuba ngaba ukhululwa ngengqawule, loluphi ulungiselelo lokubekwa kwingqawule?
Iseti engakhutshelwanga (original) yeempawu zeminwe.
Ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yephepha lokuqala loxwebhu lwakho lwesazisi oluqinisekisiweyo.
ISihlomelo A esigcwaliswe ngumbutho wezopolitiko/iziko/iqumrhu okanye umbutho wenkululeko ukuba ngaba bayasixhasa isicelo sakho.
Nawaphi na amaxwebhu afumanekayo aphathelene nokubuyiselwa kwimo yangaphambili kwesimilo entolongweni kunye okanye emva kokukhululwa entolongweni.
Mna (Amagama apheleleyo nefani) ndibhengeza ukuba olu lwazi lungasentla luyinene kwaye luchanekile.
Ingaba uyakwazi kwaye ukuqonda okuqulethwe yile ngxelo?
Ingaba unayo nayiphi na inkcaso echasene nokuthatha isifungo esimiselweyo?
Ingaba isifungo esimiselweyo usithatha njengesibophelelayo kwisazela sakho?
A. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba imibuzo ekhankanywe ngasentla ithiwe thaca kum kwaye iimpendulo zayo ke apho njengoko ziboniswe ngasentla zibhalwe ndikhona.
B. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba umbhengezi uvumile ukuba uyakwazi kwaye ekuqonda okuqulethwe kwesi sibhengezo esifungelwe phambi kwam kwaye usayino lombhengezi ke apho luye lwabekwa ndikhona.
Ingaba ukuqinisekisa ngokusulungekileyo okuqulethwe kwesi sibhengezo?
A. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba umbuzo okhankanywe ngasentla uthiwe thaca kum kwaye impendulo yam apho ke njengoko ibonisiwe ngasentla ibhalwe phantsi ndikhona.
B. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba umbhengezi uvumile ukuba uyakwazi kwaye ekuqonda okuqulethwe kwesi sibhengezo siqinisekiswe phambi kwam kwaye usayino lombhengezi ke apho luye lwabekwa ndikhona.
<fn>GOV-ZA.2008PolPardon_AppForm[AllegedPolitically]IsiXhosa_AnnexA.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Inombolo yomNxeba: ()...
Mna (amagama apheleleyo) ngenxa yoko ndibhengeza egameni le ... (igama lombutho/iziko/iqumrhu/umbutho wenkululeko) ukuba u...
Ndiluqinisekisile olu lwazi lukhankanywe ngasentla ngale ndlela ilandelayo umzekelo ngokufumana ulwazi oluvela kwi-database/ngokufumana iingxelo ezivela kula mangqina alandelayo, ndinolwazi buqu ngesehlo njl. njl.
Ndigunyaziswe ngumbutho/iziko/iqumrhu/umbutho wenkululeko ukuba ndenze le ngxelo kwaye ndinike esi siqinisekiso egameni lo mbutho.
Amagama apheleleyo nefani ndibhengeza ukuba olu lwazi lungasentla luyinene kwaye luchanekile.
Ingaba uyakwazi kwaye ukuqonda okuqulethwe yile ngxelo?
Ingaba unayo nayiphi na inkcaso echasene nokuthatha isifungo esimiselweyo?
Ingaba isifungo esimiselweyo usithatha njengesibophelelayo kwisazela sakho?
A. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba imibuzo ekhankanywe ngasentla ithiwe thaca kum kwaye iimpendulo zayo ke apho njengoko ziboniswe ngasentla zibhalwe ndikhona.
B. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba umbhengezi uvumile ukuba uyakwazi kwaye ekuqonda okuqulethwe kwesi sibhengezo esifungelwe phambi kwam kwaye usayino lombhengezi ke apho luye lwabekwa ndikhona.
A. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba umbuzo okhankanywe ngasentla uthiwe thaca kum kwaye impendulo yam apho ke njengoko ibonisiwe ngasentla ibhalwe phantsi ndikhona.
B. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba umbhengezi uvumile ukuba uyakwazi kwaye ekuqonda okuqulethwe kwesi sibhengezo siqinisekiswe phambi kwam kwaye usayino lombhengezi ke apho luye lwabekwa ndikhona.
<fn>GOV-ZA.2008PoliticalPardon_TOR_IsiXhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
KWAYE NANGONA iCandelo lama-84 (j) loMgaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996 (umThetho we-108 ka-1996) njengoko lihlaziyiwe libonelela ngokuba uMongameli "unoxanduva lokuxolela okanye ukumisela izohlwayo abophuli-mthetho kunye nokulahlekelwa".
KWAYE NANGONA uMongameli ebhengeze ukukhululwa okukhethekileyo ngokwenza ukuba kuvalwe imicimbi enxulumene nokugwetywa kwabo Bantu kusolwa ukuba benza ulwaphulo-mthetho belandela injongo yezopolitiko.
Ekuhlaleni kokuqala kweQela loNgqinisiso, amalungu phakathi kwawo, onyula uSihlalo oya kuchophela zonke iintlanganiso zeQela loNgqinisiso.
Ukuthathela ingqalelo isicelo ngasinye soxolelo kunye nokwenza izincomo eziya kuMongameli.
I- RG kufuneka yenze eyayo imithetho kunye neenkqubo ekuthatheleni ingqalelo isicelo ngasinye soxolelo ngenjongo zokwenza izincomo eziya kuMongameli ezisekelwe kwisicelo ngasinye.
I-RG iya kuba khona ixesha eliya kusukela kwintlanganiso yokuqala ukuya kuma kumhla umsebenzi wayo ugqitywa ngawo, yomibini le mihla iqukiwe, umhla wokugqibela awuyi kuba ngaphaya kwama-30 Septemba 2008.
Bethobela indlela esetyenziswayo ukukhetha emiselwe kwangaphambili kunye neenkqubo njengoko zibekiwe kifom yesicelo, abanokufaka isicelo sokuxolelwa nguMongameli ngendlela emiselweyo.
ityala ekubhekiselwe kulo kumhlathi (a) lenziwa ngawo okanye ngaphambi kwawo umhla wokubekwa esihlalweni kukaMongameli ngowe-16 Juni 1999; kwaye isicelo sakhe soxolelo sikhatshwa yingxelo efungelweyo emiselweyo okanye uqiniselo olungqinelwa okanye oluqiniselwe ngumntu ogunyaziswe liqela lezopolitiko okanye umbutho, iziko, umbutho wenkululeko okanye iqumrhu, apho kuqinisekiswayo ukuba isenzo okanye ukungenzi okumisela ityala ekuthethwa ngalo, kwenzeka phantsi komyalelo ka, okanye ekwenziweni komyalelo, ukuyalelwa, kolawulo, kokuxelelwa, icebo, uyilo okanye iprojekithi ka, okanye egameni lika, okanye ngokuvuma kuka, okaye ekuqhubeni, ekuphakanyisweni okanye ekuphumezeni imigaqo-nkqubo, iinjongo okanye imidla, yeqela, umbutho, iziko, umbutho wenkululeko okanye iqumrhu ekuthethwa ngalo umfaki sicelo owayeyilungu lalo, i-arhente okanye umxhasi walo.
AKATHOBELANGA zonke izinto ezimiselweyo ezifunekayo ngalo okanye ngaphambi "kwethuba elivulekileyo"leenyanga ezintathu sele liphelelwe.
Kuphela zizicelo ezigcwaliswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngokugcweleyo ngendlela emiselweyo, kuqukwa nefom emiselweyo eyilelwe le njongo yokukhululwa ngokukhethekileyo, kwixesha lethuba elivulelekileyo, eziya kuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Kuphela sisicelo esifakwe ngumntu oyedwa esiya kuthathelwa ingqalelo. Isicelo kufuneka senziwe ngumfaki sicelo oyedwa njengoko kumiselwe size singeniswe kwi- DOJ&CD.
liqinisekise phantsi kwesifungo ukuba iimeko ezisolwayo ityala elenziwe phantsi kwazo zichanekileyo kwaye aziguquki kwizenzo/imisebenzi yezopolitiko iqela lezopolitiko elaliyinxenye yazo.
Zonke izincomo ezenziwa ngokunxulumene nezicelo zoxolelo kufuneka zingeniswe kuMongameli.
Isincomo esenziwe yi-RG ngokuphathelene nesicelo ngasinye soxolelo kufuneka sibonise izimvo zoninzi ngokunjalo nezegcuntswana lamalungu, ukuba kukho naziphi, ngokuphathelene nesicelo ngasinye.
Akukho mntu unelungelo lokuxolelwa nguMongameli.
Ukunikwa koxolelo kuye nawuphi na umntu kuyakukhokelela ekucinyweni kwesigwebo kunye nerekhodi yolwaphulo-mthetho yetyala elinxulumene nalowo unikwa uxolelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.2008_tradcourts_pfrmw_xhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
ISAHLUKO 1:INTSHAYELELO 5 1.1Ukubaluleka kwenkqubo yenkundla yemveli ekugcineni uxolo nemvisiswano kubantu bemveli 6 . 1.2Imbono nenjongo yesakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo 7 1.
ISAHLUKO 5: IMINGENI EFUNA UKUJONGWA SISAKHELO SOMGAQO-NKQUBO 23 5.1Intshayelelo 24 5.2Ukwamkela izinto ezixabisekileyo zomGaqo-siseko omtsha 24 5.3Ukuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi yenkundla ziinkokheli zemveli 24 5.4Ukuqhekeka kwenkqubo yobulungisa yemveli 25 5.
Ubunkokheli bemveli budlala indima engundoqo nebalulekileyo kubantu bemveli ngokuphathelele kulawulo lobulungisa. Buyinxalenye yelifa lenkcubeko yabantu abangamaAfrika yaye buyamkelwa ngumGaqo-siseko.
Umthetho wesintu ubekhona ukusuka kudaladala yaye wamkelwe kwinkqubo yezomthetho yaseMzantsi Afrika. Inani elikhulu labantu abahlala kwimizi yemveli bavumelana nemigqaliselo yomthetho wesintu yaye bamkela inkqubo yenkundla yemveli esebenzisa olu hlobo lomthetho. Abantu abaqikelelwa kwizigidi ezili-14 bayinxalenye yemizi yemveli kuwo onke amaphondo eMzantsi Afrika ngaphandle kwaseNtshona-Koloni.
Iziko lobunkokheli bemveli lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ubumbano kwezentlalo, uxolo nemvisiswano kwimizi. Kwesi sigaba solawulo lobulungisa, iinkokheli zemveli zisombulula iingxabano ngeenkundla zemveli (Makgotla/ Inkundla). Ukubaluleka kweenkundla zemveli kuvela kwinyaniso yokuba zezona zikufuphi kuluntu yaye zisebenzisa ulwimi neendlela eziqondwayo luluntu ngcono kuneenkqubo zokusebenza ezisetyenziswa kwiinkundla ezisesikweni. Inkokheli yemveli namaphakathi ayo bahlala ebandla ("lekgotla"), baphulaphula ubungqina babamangali nobabantu "abamangalelweyo", yaye basombulule iingxabano ngokweziqhelo nezithethe zenkcubeko ezisebenzayo kuluntu okuthethwa ngalo. Ngokuchasene nenkqubo yenkundla esesikweni, iinkundla zemveli azibambeleli kuluhlu naluphi na lwemithetho emiselweyo okanye ebhaliweyo. Zikhokhelwa yinkcubeko nesithethe soluntu lwalapho zisebenza khona. Ngale ndlela, ityala lithethwa lula yaye ngokukhawuleza.
Ukulungiselela umzi ngamnye wemveli ophantsi kwegunya lenkokheli yemveli, kumiswe kwamkelwa ibhunga lemveli.
Imbono yesi sakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo kukungqina ukubaluleka kweziko lobunkokheli bemveli kulawulo lobulungisa, oko kukuthi ukukhuthaza ukufikelela kubulungisa nokuba negalelo ekuphuculeni ubomi babantu bonke.
Injongo ephambili yeli xwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo kukungqinelanisa inkqubo yobulungisa bemveli nomGaqo-siseko.
Ixwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo kukufikelela encotsheni kophando loncwadi, uphononongo lokuthelekisa ezinye iinkqubo zolawulo, kwakunye nokucebisana neenkokheli zemveli, naloo masebe karhulumente anoxanduva lwemicimbi yemveli, kwakunye nabanye abanomdla kumba womthetho wesintu. UMphathiswa namanye amagosa bathathe amathuba otyelelo lophononongo ukuqwalasela iinkqubo zemveli e-Indiya naseBotswana. Olunye ulwazi lufunyenwe kwingqungquthela yamazwe ngamazwe malunga namaziko emveli, eyayibanjelwe eThekwini ngoMeyi wama-2007, nakwiNgqungquthela elandelayo yooMantyi, eyayibanjelwe eMidrand ngoSeptemba wama-2007. Kwezi ngqungquthela, eyesizwe neyamazwe ngamazwe izithethi bezisabelana ngamava azo ngamaziko emveli neendima ezidlalwa ngala maziko kulawulo lobulungisa.
Unyulo lwedemokrasi lowe-1994 luvulele amasango inkqubo entsha yedemokhrasi. Le nkqubo entsha idale isiseko sokuhlaziya umthetho neziqhelo ebezikhona phambi kowe-1994. Eli xwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo lijolise kwindima nemisebenzi yeenkokheli zemveli phantsi kolawulo olutsha lwedemokhrasi, kulawulo lobulungisa.
Iziko lobunkokheli bemveli libambe indawo ebalulekileyo kubomi bomAfrika yaye, ngokwembali, kwimbumba yopolitiko yoMzantsi Afrika. Liquka ulondolozo lwenkcubeko, izithethe, amasiko nezithethe ezixabisekileyo zamaAfrika, xeshikweni kananjalo limele iindlela zangaphambili zomanyano kwezentlalo nolawulo. Nangona kunjalo, xa uMzantsi Afrika usamkela umGaqo-siseko weThutyana ukanti, emva koko, umGaqo-siseko we-1996, abantu bakowethu babhengeza iRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika njengeLizwe lobunganga, ledemokhrasi elisekwe kwizinto eziliqela ezixabisekileyo jikelele, kuquka nobungangamsha bomGaqo-siseko. Oku kwaphawula ukuqalisa kwexesha elitsha embalini.
Emva konyulo lowe-1994, urhulumente omtsha waqalisa indlela yokuguqula ilizwe laseMzantsi Afrika. Oku kwaquka inguqu yamaziko olawulo lombuso ngokwenkqubo entsha yedemokhrasi nemigqaliselo yomGaqo-siseko efana nokulingana nokungacalucaluli. Elinye kula maziko yayiliziko lobunkokheli bemveli. Ngokufanayo nookhokho bethu kwizwekazi laseAfrika, ngako oko besijongene nomngeni owodwa wokuchaza indawo nendima yeziko lobunkokheli bemveli kwinkqubo entsha yolawulo loburhulumente. UmGaqo-siseko omtsha ubeke isiseko soku yaye ubophelele urhulumente omtsha ukuphuhlisa umthetho oza kujongana nalo mba ngokuqinisekisayo.
kukuphucula ubuchule bokusebenza nokwandisa ukufikelela kwiinkundla zemveli; kwakunye nokumisela ulawulo lweenkundla zemveli malunga nolwaphulomthetho nembambano nokuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezilawula iinkundla zemveli.
Izinto ezisilelayo kwinkqubo yenkundla yemveli kufuneka zilungiswe ukuze zihambelane neemfuno zomGaqo-siseko omtsha.
Kwisahluko esilandelayo (Isahluko 2), kunikwa imbali yendima yobunkokheli bemveli. Esi sahluko sifuna ukucacisa nokubonelela ngemvelaphi yendima edlalwe bubunkokheli bemveli kulawulo lobulungisa phambi kokuqalisa komGaqo-siseko. Sibonakalisa ngokufutshane ixesha lwezithanga (lobukoloniale), ixesha locacucalulo ngobuhlanga, kuquka nexesha lamaphandle namazwana azilawulayo, kwakunye nexesha kanye phambi kolawulo ngomGaqo-siseko omtsha.
Isahluko 3 sijolise kuphononongo lokuthelekisa iinkqubo zemveli zobulungisa kumazwe akhethiweyo aseAfrika namanye amazwe asentshona, kwakunye neempawu zawo ngokubanzi ezifana nenkqubo yemveli yaseMzantsi Afrika. Isahluko 4 sicamngca ngeendlela zophuhliso eziziswe yindlela yomGaqo-siseko omtsha, xeshikweni Isahluko 5 sibonelela ngenkcazelo-jikelele yemingeni ekufuneka ubunkokheli bemveli bujongane nayo phantsi kolawulo ngomGaqo-siseko omtsha. Isahluko sokugqibela (Isahluko 6) sijolise kwimigaqo-nkqubo enokukhethwa eyifaneleyo inkqubo yobulungisa yemveli yaseMzantsi Afrika yaye sibonelela ngesakhelo somthetho onenjongo yokuphumeza isakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo.
Isahluko 7 siqulathe isiphelo esinika ingcaciso emfutshane yenkqubo yokucebisana eqhutyiweyo ekuphuhliseni esi sakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo.
Indima yamaziko emveli kulawulo lobulungisa ingalandwa ukusuka kudaladala. U-Bennet3 uchaza ukuba iziko lobunkokheli bemveli linentsusa yalo kumaxesha amandulo xa abantu ababelandela iinkolo nobukumkani obufanayo babesabelwa umhlaba wokuhlala nowamadlelo. Inkokheli yayimi kwintloko yorhulumente wemveli yaye phantsi kwenkokheli kwakukho amanqanaba amabini amagunya: intloko yelali (usibonda) nentloko yosapho. Inkokheli ibidlala indima yobunkokheli kuyo yonke imiba yobomi babantu, ukusuka kuphuhliso lwasemaphandleni ukuya ekukhokheleni amajoni ngexesha leemfazwe nokusombulula iingxabano phakathi koluntu. Urhulumente wemveli wayehlukile kwiingqiqo zale mihhla zedemokhrasi. Wayengawamkeli umgqaliselo wokwahlukaniswa kwamagunya yaye umsebenzi wakhe wawubandakanya imiba enxulumene nenkundla, ulawulo nezakhono zomthetho.4 Indima yeziko ibalulekile ekuqondeni imingeni ejongwe leli ziko phantsi kwenkqubo yangoku yedemokhrasi. Ukwamkelwa kweenkundla zeenkokheli zemveli, kwakuthethelelwa ngokubanzi, ngokuthi kwakusamkeleka, njengoko zazilawula abo abaphantsi kwale nkqubo ngemithetho neenkqubo ababeziqhelile.
Nangona amaAfrika ayesasebenzisa ezi nkundla ngethuba leli xesha, kwadaleka iinkxalabo malunga nokusebenza kwazo. Ezi nkundla, ngokufanayo neminye imiba yemveli yoluntu lwamaAfrika, zazongamelwe ngamadoda aziintloko zesizwe. Ukwakheka kwenkundla ngokwesini kwakungumcimbi oxoxisayo. Kweminye imizi abasetyhini babengavunyelwa ukuchophela okanye ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiingxoxo "zeeNkundla zeeNkosi", ngaphandle xa bengabamangali, nalapho ke kuphela xa bencediswa ngamadoda.8 "iiNkundla zeeNkosi" bezisathathwa njengendlela ezithandekayo zokukhawulezisa isisombululo seengxabano, xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo imo yazo yokufikeleleka lula, ukungabikho kweendleko eziphezulu (ngokuba simahla ngokwenene) nenkqubo elula yobulungisa.
ezinganeno ngokuba sesikweni neenkundla zooMhle bezilawula ubulungisa ngokomthetho wesintu. , Ingqiqo "yobuntlantlu-mbini" yabeka "iiNkundla zeeNkosi" kwinqanaba elingezantsi kweleenkundla ezisesikweni yaye ingathi ibonakalisa ukulingana. Nangona kunjalo, uluvo ngokubanzi abantu abaninzi babenalo lelokuba "iiNkundla zeeNkosi" zazinganeno ngomgangatho.
Ukusekwa kwamaphandle namazwana azilawulayo kwazisa inguqu kwinkqubo yenkundla yemveli. Amaphandle namazwana azilawulayo abelwa amagunya okulawula iinkqubo zeenkundla zawo zemveli. Oku kwaba nesiphumo sokuba amaphandle namazwana azimele geqe amkele iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo "zeeNkundla zeeNkosi", ezichatshazelwa zizithethe nenkcubeko esebenzayo kwimimandla yawo.
Kwi-Ciskei yangaphambili, "iiNkosi" nezibonda zazinolawulo ngokuzenzekela lokujongana nemicimbi yolwaphulomthetho nembambano evela kumthetho wezithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yokwalathelwa kwazo njengeenkokheli zemveli.
Ukusombulula ingxabano ngaphandle kwasenkundleni ayisiso isenzeko esitsha. Imibutho yoluntu kwihlabathi ngokubanzi, kuquka imizi yasekuhlaleni /yemveli yaseMzantsi Afrika, kudala isebenzisa iindlela ezingezizo ezenkundla, ezasekuhlaleni ukusombulula iingxabano. Iinkqubo ezemveli zaseBotswana, eMalawi, e-Indiya, e-South Australia naseKhanada zihloliwe ukuze kusekwe inkqubo yenkundla yemveli elungele imeko yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Uhlahlelo lokuthelekisa iinkqubo zemveli zobulungisa zaseBotswana, eMalawi nase-Indiya zichaziwe ngokufutshane ngezantsi njengemizekelo uMzantsi Afrika onokufumana izifundo kuyo.
Kwelona zinga liphantsi lesi sakhiwo semveli sokusombulula ingxabano lusapho, oluquka indoda, inkosikazi yayo nabantwana bayo. Amaqela adla ngokuzama ukusombulula iingxabano zawo, ngokukodwa imicimbi yosapho, kwizinga losapho. Xa oku kusilela, bangaziswa phambi kweqela lekhaya, elidla ngokwakhiwa ngosapho olunye okanye iintsapho ezingaphezulu ezihlala kwakuloo mzi. Elinye izinga lelo leqela losapho, elakhiwe ngekhaya elinye okanye amakhaya angaphezulu azalana ngokusondeleleneyo ahlala kunye kwakuloo ndawo yelali. Apho amaqela osapho olunye okanye ngaphezulu acwangcisiweyo yaye ehlala kunye kwiyuniti yolawulo lwengingqi ecwangciswe kakuhle, oku kubizwa isiphaluka (i-ward). Iziphaluka zingaphantsi kobunkokheli negunya lesibonda, esidla ngokuba sesikhundleni ngokuzalwa. Kwizizwe ezinkulu ezifana na-Bangwaketse kunye na-Bamangwato, izibonda ziyahlelwa (ukusuka ku-A ukuya ku-G ngokuphathelele kwisizwe esixelwe kuqala, nokusuka ku-A ukuya ku-K ngokuphathelele kwisizwe esixelwe mva). Kwezinye izizwe, ezifana na-Bakwena, a-Batawana na-Bamalete, kukho izibonda neenkosana. Kwimeko yaBakwena, ezi nkosana zihleliwe ukusuka ku-A ukuya ku-C. Omnye nomnye wabagunyaziwe bemveli unamandla enkundla, awenza ukuba abenakho ukusombulula iingxabano. Iinkundla zezibonda ezingamkelwanga kudla ngokubhekiswa kuzo njengeeNkundla zeziBonda zokuLamla, mhlawumbi ngokuchatshazelwa licandelo-3 lomthetho we-Customary Courts Act.
Iinkundla zesintu, ezichotshelwe ziiprezidanti ezalathelwe nguMphathiswa woRhulumente weNgingqi, zisebenza kumaziko amakhulu edolophu kwilizwe (eGaborone, eFrancistown, eLobatse, eSelebi-Pikwe, eJwaneng, eGhanzi naseKasane). Ezi nkundla zijongana namatyala amancinci abandakanya umhlaba, imicimbi yomtshato neengxabano ngepropati. Abafiki bangavavanywa kwiinkundla zesintu. Ukumelwa ngokusemthethweni akuvumelekanga kwiinkundla zesintu yaye ayikho imithetho eyodwa yobungqina. Abagwebi besizwe, abalathelwe yinkokheli yesizwe okanye abanyulwe luluntu, bamisela izigwebo, ezinokuchaswa ngesibheno kwinkqubo yenkundla yembambano. Umgangatho wezigqibo ezifikelelwayo kwiinkundla zesintu utshintshatshintsha kakhulu. Kwamanye amatyala abagwebi besizwe bangawisa izigwebo ezifana nokubethwa esidlangalaleni.
Zikhona kananjalo iinkundla ezisesikweni ezisekwe nguMphathiswa woRhulumente weNgingqi ngokomthetho we-Customary Courts Act. Umthetho uchaza ulawulo lweenkundla ngokuphathelele kwiimbangi zenyathelo, kwakunye nemida yazo yezejografi. Umthetho kananjalo umisela ukwakhiwa kwenkundla, isicwangciso sokulandelelana phakathi kwamalungu ayo kwakunye namagunya neemfanelo zomntu nawuphi na owalathelwe ukusebenza njengomncedisi wejaji.
I-Malawi, eyenze inkqubo efanayo kutsha nje yokuhlaziya iziseko zayo zenkundla yaye efune ukulungelelanisa imithetho esebenza kulawulo lobulungisa, inenkqubo enomtsalane yomthetho wesintu. Ilizwe liseke amaqonga ezithethe zobulungisa, axelwe ukuba anokuba ngama-24 000, kwizinga lelali. La maqonga ezithethe zobulungisa, asebenza phantsi kwamaziko eenkundla ezingama-217 ezichotshelwa ngoomantyi, kuthiwa ajongana nama-80 ukuya kuma-90% azo zonke iingxabano.
Ezona ngxabano zixhaphakileyo eziziswa phambi kwamaziko ezithethe zobulungisa ziingxabano zosapho, iingxabano zomhlaba nemicimbi yepropati.
Amaqonga ezithethe zobulungisa ajongana neengxabano kwizinga lelali yaye athumela iingxabano kumaziko afanelekileyo enkundla ukuba akanakho ukuzisombulula.
Nangona kukho inyaniso yokuba inkqubo yenkundla yase-India icwangciswe kakuhle, ngezinga eliphezulu lentembeko, iinkundla zijongene neengxaki ezine ezinkulu: inani leenkundla neejaji kuwo onke amahlelo alanelanga ngokothusayo, kubekho ukwanda kumsinga wamatyala kwiminyaka yamva nje ngenxa yeentlobo ngeentlobo zemithetho eqingqwe ngoorhulumente bakazwelonke nabesizwe, iindleko ezibandakanyekayo ekutshutshiseni okanye ekuthetheleleni ityala enkundleni yomthetho ziphezulu ngenxa yemirhumo ephezulu yenkundla, imirhumo yamagqwetha neentlawuliso ezihamba nawo, yaye kukho ukulibaziseka okuninzi ekugqibeni amatyala, okunesiphumo somsebenzi omninzi ongekenziwa kuzo zonke iinkundla.
Abahluphekayo bafumana kunzima ukutshutshisa okanye ukukhusela ityala ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu ezibandakanyekayo. Iijaji ezibalaseleyo zeYona Nkundla iPhakamileyo nezeenkundla eziphakamileyo zigxininise imfuneko yoncedo lwezomthetho lasimahla ukulungiselela abahluphekayo. Ezinye iindlela ezizezinye, phakathi kwezinye, ezisetyenziswayo zezi, i-Lok Adalat (iinkundla zabantu), apho ubulungisa bulawulwa ngokukhawulezayo ngaphandle kogxininiso oluninzi kakhulu kubucukubhede bezomthetho.
Inkqubo ye-Lok Adalat ekuqaleni yaqalisa e-Gujarat ngoMatshi we-1982 yaye ngoku yandiselwe kulo lonke ilizwe. Ukudaleka kwale nkqubo kwakuyinxalenye yesicwangciso sobuchule sokunceda iinkundla ngomthwalo onzima wamatyala amisiweyo. Ezi nkundla zasekwa ukujongana namatyala amisiweyo nokubonelela ngohlobo oluthile loncedo kubamangali.
Asikho isibheno esichasene nomyalelo we-Lok Adalat, ukanti kwiinkundla ezisesikweni lisoloko likhona ithuba lokubhenela kwiqonga elingaphezulu ukuchasana nesigqibo senkundla yovavanyo, nto leyo idala ukubambezela ukulungisa iingxabano.
Nangona ubukhosi busamkelwa, iinkundla zemveli zayeka ukubakhona emva kokuzimela geqe. Iziko lobukhosi alinayo nayiphi na imisebenzi yokuqingqa umthetho, yolawulo okanye eyenkundla. Nangona kunjalo, iinkosi zisanyanzelisa igunya, intlonelo nefuthe elikhulu kwizinga lengingqi, yaye ziphumeza iindima ezingagqibelelanga zenkundla. Iinkosi namabhunga azo emveli zandise ulawulo lwazo ukuya ngaphaya kwemicimbi enxulumene ngokungqongqo nobukhosi ukuya kwimicimbi yosapho neyepropati, kuquka noqhawulo lomtshato, ulwamkelo lwabantwana neengxabano ngomhlaba. Zimisela amatyala abizwa i-efisem nge-Akans (kukuthi, imicimbi yabucala) okanye amatyala embambano (ngokuchasene nawolwaphulomthetho). Izinto ezifunekayo zenkqubo yobulungisa bemveli zicaciswa kumthetho wamatyala waseGhana, nomthetho wezithethe kananjalo uyanyanzeliswa kwiinkundla zesithili nezinye, ngokuxhomekeke kwimo yengxabano.
IJaji eyiNtloko yeRiphablikhi yaseGhana, uJaji George Kingsley Acquah ukhumbuze abaphulaphuli bakhe ukuba "iinkosi ngabagcini bomhlaba, yaye ngokwenene balungisa inani eliphezulu leengxabano zomhlaba. Ngako oko iinkosi zihlala 'ziyinkundla yamatyala ekhethwayo' ngabemi abaninzi, ngokukokdwa kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni. Kananjalo zilungisa iingxabano eziliqela zomthetho wezekhaya nowesintu kwiingingqi zazo. Ukungabikhosikweni kwezi nkundla zamatyala kwenza zisebenziseke lula yaye ukuthatha inxaxheba koluntu kwenza inkqubo ithandeke kwingqiqo yabantu ngokuyithatha kuyinkqubo yabo, yaye ingeyiyo into enyanzelwe ukusuka ngentla."
Iinkokheli zemveli zigcine ngokungekhosikweni igunya lenkundla eziqhubeka ukulisebenzisa nangona iinkundla zemveli zitshitshisiwe kwiminyaka yokuqala yokuzimela geqe. UGqr Seth Twum wenze isindululo sokuba njengoko iinkokheli zemveli zisasebenzisa igunya elikhulu kubantu bazo yaye ukufikelela kwiinkundla eziqhelekileyo kunzima yaye kuziindleko, inkqubo yenkundla yemveli, njengoko yasekwa phantsi komthetho we-Native Jurisdiction Ordinance , kufuneka ingeniswe kwakhona.
Nangona umGaqo-siseko ungayamkeli nayiphi na inkundla yemveli, iinkokheli zemveli namabhunga emveli nangona kunjalo andise ulawulo lawo ukuya ngaphaya kwemicimbi enxulumene ngokungqongqo nobukhosi ukuya kwiingxabano zosapho nezepropati, kuquka noqhawulo lomtshato, ulwamkelo lwambantwana nomhlaba. IOfisi yoMphathiswa woBulungisa neSebe loMtshutshisi-Jikelele ikhokhela inkqubo yokungenisa kwakhona inkqubo yenkundla yemveli eyasekwa phantsi komthetho we-Native Jurisdiction Ordinance . Uqeqesho kwi-ADR neminye imiba exhasa ezomthetho iqinisiwe yaye isakhelo esifunekayo somthetho siza kusekwa ukuxhasa inkqubo ebaluleke kangako. Ukwamkela ulawulo lokwenyani olubaluleke kangaka, amaziko azimeleyo afana neBhanki yeHlabathi (i-World Bank) axhase ngokubonelela ngoqeqesho kwiinkosi zemveli ngokuphathelele kumthetho wesiseko neendlela ze-ADR. Oku kuncendile ukulungisa la maziko eGhana.
Kwinqaku kwi-Information Bulletin epapashwe nguRhulumente wase-South Australia, uJohn Tomaino wabhala ukuba iinkundla zemveli/ zeenzaka e-South Australia, ezasekwa kuqala njengezelatha-ndlela ngowe-1999, zaphuhliswa ngenxa yokungathembi inkqubo esesikweni yobulungisa. Abantu bemveli (iinzaka) beva ukuba bona, njengabamangali, banegalelo elinyiniweyo kwinkqubo yenkundla ngokubanzi, nokuwiswa kwesigwebo ngokukodwa. Kananjalo babona iinkundla njengezakhiwo eziphelisa imvisiswano ngokwenkcubeko, ezidala ubulolo, nezingalwamkeli uluntu namaqela eentsapho. Uxela ezinye iimpawu ezifakiweyo ukudambisa amaxhala abantu bemveli. Onke amaqela, kuquka noomantyi, ahleli kumgangatho ofanayo yaye asondelelene ukulungiselela ukuqhagamshelana ngokungqalileyo. Umantyi uhlala nomntu olilungu labantu bemveli onolwazi olunzulu lwenkcubeko kwaye angacebisa iinkundla ngemiba ethile. Kusetyenziswa ulwazi oluphangaleleyo lwaphambi kokuwisa isigwebo, kuquka iingxelo ngombuzo ngebheyile, ukulungiselela izigqibo zokuwisa isigwebo. Iiarhente zikarhulumente nezingezizo ezikarhulumente zibakhona yaye zinikela ngenkxaso kubaxumi, zivula amathuba okubuyisela kwisimo soluleko. Oomantyi abachophela iinkundla baphuhlisa imvisiswano nabantu bemveli, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, yakha ulwazi ngemiba yengingqi edala iziphumo zomgangatho ongcono wezigqibo zokuwisa isigwebo.
Xeshikweni ukusebenza kweenkundla zemveli, ngokungephi, kufana nendlela iinkundla zabantu baseMzantsi Afrika bezinokuyisebenzisa okanye ekufuneka ziyisebenzise, amanqaku azo okufana neenkundla zemveli aphathelele kulwamkelo lwabo lwenkcubeko, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabantu bonke abakhoyo kwiingxoxo kwakunye nendlela yabo yobulungisa yembuyekezo.
Ngentla, iphepha 4 5.
Ubulungisa bembuyekezo bunikela ngemo yobulungisa obungebubo obezithanga (obobukoloniale) kwaba bantu bemveli. Bafuna ukushenxa kwiingcingane (ii-theory) ezingabambekiyo, ezizathuzayo, nezamkelwe jikelele zobulungisa kwimveli yobulungisa esekelwe kweyaseYurophu ukuya ekuchazeni ubulungisa ngokuqaphela kwabo kolwazi, imveli nezinto zabo ezixabisekileyo. Le ndlela yobulungisa imalunga nokufunda kwakhona 'ukuba kufuneka sibe njani' kwakunye 'nokufunda kwakhona iimfanelo zethu zemveli' Ibonwa njengonyango ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka kwentlalo nolwaphulomthetho zibonwa njengokugula emphefumlweni, emoyeni, emzimbeni nasengqondweni kwabantu noluntu ekufuneka kunyangwe ngeendlela zemveli. Inxalenye yale nkqubo ibandakanya ukuxolelanisa umtyholwa nomvandedwa wakhe ngokuthuthuzelwa nokucetyiswa ngabantu abadala okanye amanye amalungu oluntu. Ibandakanya uxolelaniso nomntu okanye usapho oloniweyo ngokwamkela komoni uxanduva nokubuyekeza. Ixhobisa abantu yaye inceda ekubuyiseni ubumnini boluntu bobulungisa namanye amalungu oluntu.
Ngenjongo yokufikelela iminqweno yobulungisa bembuyekezo, iKhanada iseke i-Community Council Project njengenkqubo yokuphambukisa, ngenjongo yokuguqula ukuwiswa okungazinzanga kwezohlwayo ezinobuzaza kwabo abasele bebandezelekile ngokwezentlalo, ukuphepha ifuthe elingqongqo nelolwaphulomthetho lwentolongo, ngokubonelela ngothotho lwezinto ezinokukhethwa ngabenzi bezigqibo, ngokubonelela ngobulungisa obanelisa amaxhoba nabantu, okujongana nemiba yentlalo, eyezoqoqosho neyobuqu enxulumene nolwaphulomthetho olukhethwayo kunezinto ezikhethwayo ezidla ngokuthambekela kwisohlwayo.
Kuyacaca kuhlahlelo olungentla ukuba kukho kananjalo imizekelo yokusombulula ingxabano kubantu bemveli baseAfrika, eAshiya, eAustralisa naseKhanada. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo uvela ngoko nangoko wokuba ingaba le mizekelo ngazo zonke iindlela izifanele iinkundla zethu zemveli?
Umzekelo waseBotswana udala ukungenana phakathi kwenkqubo yenkundla esesikweni nenkqubo enxuseneyo yenkundla yemveli.
Umzekelo waseMalawi uvumela oomantyi hayi iinkokheli zemveli ukuchophela amaqonga obulungisa ezithethe.
Umzekelo wase-Indiya uvumela amaqela kwingxabano ukumelwa ngamagqwetha awo yaye isekwe ngqo kwindlela eyenye yokusombulula ingxabano.
EGhana iziko lobukhosi alinayo nayiphi na imisebenzi yokuqingqa umthetho, yolawulo okanye eyenkundla.
Ngentla, iphepha 81 - 82.
UmGaqo-siseko wamkela iziko, iwonga nendima yobunkokheli bemveli ngokomthetho wesintu, kodwa ngokulawulwa ngumGaqo-siseko. Wamkela ukuba igunya lemveli elilandela inkqubo yomthetho wesintu lingasebenza, ngokuxhomekeke kumthetho nawuphi na osebenzayo namasiko.
Ngethuba leengxoxo zokuqinisekisa, ichithiwe imbambano yokuba umGaqo-siseko wokugqibela usilele ukuseka iinkundla zemveli okanye ezesintu (njengoko kufunwa nguMgqaliselo XIII womGaqo-siseko). Phantsi koMGaqo-siseko wokugqibela iinkundla zesintu ziyafaneleka 'njengenkundla nayiphi na esekwe okanye eyamkelweyo ngokomthetho wePalamente'. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba abalawuli bemveli nabo kananjalo basebenzisa amagunya okuwisa umthetho, yaye ngokukodwa, awokuphumeza, kuxoxiwe ukuba, ngokufana neejaji, abazimelanga okanye ukungakhethi cala, njengoko kufunwa yi-FCs 156 . Kwityala likaBangindawo and others v Head of Nyanda Regional Authority and others 1998 SA 262 (Tk), abenzi besicelo basebenzisa le ngxoxo ukuphikisa iiNkundla zeNqila zaseTranskei. INkundla ePhakamileyo yasichitha isimangalo ngezizathu zokuba iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zomthetho woluntu wokuzimela nokungakhethi cala bezingasebenzi. Yabambelela kwelokuba, eAfrika, nangona ungekho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwemisebenzi karhulumente yokuphumeza, eyenkundla neyokuwisa umthetho, akekho umAfrika onengqondo onokubona ukukhetha icala kwiinkokheli zemveli nje kuba zisebenzisa amagunya okuphumeza.
Ngokophando luka-Barbara Oomen26 kummandla wase-Sekhukhune, amalungu oluntu kuloo mmandla akhetha iinkundla zesintu xa kuthelekiswa neenkundla ezisesikweni okanye iinkundla zoomantyi.27 Amashumi amathandathu anesihlanu ekhulwini abamangalelwa kulawulo "lweeNkundla zeeNkosi" bakhetha ukuba iingxabano zabo zigwetywe kwiinkundla zemveli. Kubonisa ukuba abantu kwimimandla yasemaphandleni bakholisekile yindlela aqhutywa ngayo amatyala ngenxa yokuba kujonganwa nawo yaye agqitywa ngokukhawuleza. Omnye umba owenza ukuba uninzi lwabantu bakhethe iinkundla zemveli lulwimi olusetyenziswayo, olwaziwa kakuhle luluntu lwemveli oluchaphazelekayo.
Ezinye zeengxabano eziqhelekileyo ezo iinkundla zemveli zijongana nazo bubusela, ukubetha okuqhelekileyo, ukonakalisa impahla ngolunya, ububhovubhovu basekhaya, ubugqwirha, imicimbi yomtshato nokungxwelerha amalungelo omntu / i-crimen injuria (izithuko), ukanti ezona ngxabano zixhaphakileyo zembambano zibandakanya ukonakaliswa kwezityalo zizilwanyana eziyabulayo, ukumithisa umfazi wenye indoda, ukumithisa intombazana eselula okanye umfazi, neengxabano ngentlawulo yelobola.
Kummandla wase-Sekhukhune, omnye woomantyi walathe ukuba yeyona ndawo yokusebenza enesithukuthezi ngenxa yokuba abantu basombulula amatyala abo ekhaya.28 Uxele ukuba uneseshoni enye kuphela ngeveki xa ejongene nokubetha nobusela yaye, ngokufanayo noogxa bakhe, uthumela amatyala athathwa eyimiba yomthetho wesintu, iingxabano zomhlaba, iimfazwe nezithuko zosapho "kwiiNkundla zeeNkosi".
Ngokufika kwendlela entsha yomGaqo-siseko kwaqondwa ukuba inguqu yomthetho okhoyo ngomhla wama-27 Apreli 1994 inokwenziwa kuphela ekuhambeni kwexesha.
a Imithetho ekhoyo ekuqaliseni kwale miGaqo-siseko ibiza kuqhubeka ukusebenza kwimimandla yejogradi apho ibisebenza khona phambi kokuba umGaqo-siseko weThutyana nomGaqo-siseko wokugqibela ungene entsebenzweni kude kube ilungisiwe okanye ibhangisiwe ligunyabantu elinobuchule.
b Apho kukho imfuneko, imithetho ekhoyo yolawulo ibizakwabelwa amagunyabantu afanelekileyo kumazinga afanelekileyo karhulumente, njengoko kumiselwe yiyo yomibini imigaqo-siseko. Isizathu sale ndlela ethile sivela kwinyaniso yokuba umGaqo-siseko weThutyana nomGaqo-siseko wokugqibela yomibini ibonelele ngegunya lokuwisa imithetho eliza kuthweswa amazinga ahlukeneyo karhulumente. Ubuchule bokuqingqa umthetho kumazinga orhulumente wesizwe nowephondo bumiselwe ngokucacileyo. Ingqiqo enjalo ibingachazwanga kakuhle kwinkqubo yomGaqo-siseko owandulela owe-1994. Ngaphezu koko, amazwana angaphambili nawo kananjalo ayenemithetho yawo, eqhubekileyo ukusebenza emva komhla wama-27 Aprelil 1994 yaye bekufuneka isetyenziswe kwizinga elifanelekileyo likarhulumente, yaye kunganyanzelekanga kube kummandla apho yayisebenza khona ngaphambili.
c Enye nenye inkundla, kuquka iinkundla zeenkokheli zemveli, ebezikhona xa umGaqo-siseko omtsha ungena entsebenzweni, beziza kuqhubeka ukusebenza nokusebenzisa ulawulo ngokwemithetho esebenzayo kuzo, ngokuxhomekeke kumthetho nawuphi na olungisiweyo okanye obhangisiweyo.
Icandelo 229 lomGaqo-siseko weThutyana nombadela 2 weShedyuli 6 kuMGaqo-siseko wokugqibela.
Icandelo 235 lomGaqo-siseko weThutyana nombadela 14 weShedyuli 6 kumGaqo-siseko wokugqibela.
iShedyuli 6 yomGaqo-siseko weThutyana neeShedyuli 4 no-5 zomGaqo-siseko wokugqibela.
Nangona ukuqhubeka kwalo ukubakhona phantsi kwedemokhrasi ulawulo lwenkundla yemveli luyaqhubeka ukudibana nemingeni yomqaqo-siseko neyokusebenza. Izityholo zokusebenzisa ngobugwenxa igunya elithweswe inkundla zezinye iinkokheli zemveli, iimbono ezimiliselweyo zobunkokheli bamadoda kwakunye nothintelo olukhona lwabafazi kwiziseko zenkundla yemveli nokukheth'icala okuchasene nabamangali basetyhini okanye amaqela kwiingxoxo kuyaqhubeka ukuzoba umfanekiso odakumbileyo kwezi nkundla. Imingeni evela kwiimpixano zenkqubo nezinye izinto ezixabisekileyo zomGaqo-siseko ziyadibana nenkqubo yenkundla esesikweni, ukuqhekeka nokungangqinelani nokusilela kokunyanzeliseka kwezigqibo zeenkundla zemveli ziphawulwe ngokuqaqambileyo kwimihlathi elandelayo.
Ukuqala kolawulo lomGaqo-siseko omtsha, phakathi kwezinye, kubhangise umgqaliselo wobunganga/ ubukhulu bepalamente.
Isidima somntu, ukufikelela ukulingana nokuqhubela phambili amalungelo oluntu nenkululeko.
Ukungabikho kocalucalulo ngobuhlanga nangesini.
Ubukhulu bomGaqo-siseko nommiselo womthetho.
Ngokuchasene neli qonga lingasemva, umGaqo-siseko ngowona mthetho mkhulu weRiphablikhi yaye nawuphi na umthetho okanye ukuziphatha okungangqinelani nawo akukho mthethweni.
IBhili yaMalungelo lilitye lesiseko ledemokhrasi eMzantsi Afrika. Iquka amalungelo abantu bonke belizwe yaye ingqina izithethe ezixabisekileyo zedemokhrasi zesidima somntu, ukulingana nenkululeko, ibonelela ngokuba umbuso kufuneka uhlonele, ukhusele, ukhuthaze yaye uzalisekise amalungelo aqulathwe yiBhili yaMalungelo.
Owona mngeni mkhulu elijongene nawo iziko lobunkokheli bemveli kukulungelelanisa ezinye iziqhelo zobunkokheli bemveli ezivela kwiinkcubeko namasiko anezithethe ezixabisekileyo ezixhasa umGaqo-siseko, ezifana nokulingana nokuphelisa ucalucalulo olungenabulungisa olusekwe, ngokukodwa kubuhlanga, isini nobudala. Ukwenza umzekelo, umgaqo we-Black Administration Act, ofuna ukuba iinkokheli zemveli zichophele iingxabano zembambano phakathi kwabamnyama35 namatyala olwaphulomthetho apho umtyholwa ingomnyama, kuthetha ucalucalulo ngobuhlanga. Indima nemisebenzi yobunkokheli bemveli kulawulo lobulungisa kufuneka ijongwe phantsi kwale mvelaphi.
Omnye umba obalulekileyo kulawulo lweenkundla zemveli sisohlwayo emzimbeni. Iinkundla zemveli zisasoloko zinika esi sigwebo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwimivumba embalwa ukuya kukubetha ngobundlobongela.
UmGaqo-siseko ufuna ukuba amagosa enkundla alathelwe kwinkundla nayiphi na kube ngabasetyhini okanye amadoda aneziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo abangabantu abaphile qete nabalungileyo. Ukwalathelwa, ukunyuselwa, ukutshintshwa, ukugxothwa, okanye amanyathelo oluleko ngokuchasene namagosa enkundla kufuneka kwenzeke ngaphandle kokukhetha okanye ukugweba kwangaphambili. Phambi kokuba amagosa enkundla enze imisebenzi yawo, kufuneka athathe isifungo okanye isingqiniso, ngendlela emiselweyo ngumGaqo-siseko, esokuba aza kuthobela nokukhusela umGaqo-siseko.
Nangona iinkokheli zemveli zazabelwe imisebenzi yenkundla phantsi kwe-Black Administration Act, azingeni kangako phantsi kwentsingiselo yegosa lenkundla elicingwa ngumGaqo-siseko. Amagosa enkundla ziijaji noomantyi abalathelwe ngokomGaqo-siseko ne-Magistrates' Act.36 Iinkokheli zemveli azalathelwa kwisikhundla nasiphi na senkundla, kodwa anyukela kwisihlalo sobukhosi. Ngako oko, iimfuno ezinxulumene neziqinisekiso, ezokuba ngabantu abaphile qete nabalungileyo, nokunyuselwa nokugxothwa kwamagosa enkundla azisebenzi kwiinkokheli zemveli.
Icandelo 2 lomGaqo-siseko.
Icandelo 7 lomGaqo-siseko.
UmGaqo-siseko wowe-1993 ubonelela ngolwabiwo lolawulo lomthetho kwiphondo ukuba loo mthetho, phakathi kweminye, ubungena phantsi kokusebenza kwaloo mmandla ochaziweyo kwiShedyuli 6 yomGaqo-siseko wowe-1993. "Oogunyaziwe bemveli" kunye "nomthetho wemveli nomthetho wesintu" babephakathi kwale mimandla yokusebenza. Iqela lemithetho enxulumene nolawulo lobulungisa yanikwa amaphondo ngokulandelelana.
Ngenjongo yokuba neseti enye yemithetho esebenza kwisizwe (ngokuchasene nemithetho ye-RSA yangaphambili nemithetho yamazwana angaphambili ejongene nomcimbi ofanayo esebenza kwimimandla ehlukeneyo yelizwe), kwakamsinya emva kowe-1994 uninzi lwamasebe esizwe akhuthaza ukuqingqwa komthetho ukuqoqosha imithetho anoxanduva lwayo (oko kukuthi imithetho yamazwana angaphambili nemithetho ye-RSA yangaphambili). Olu qoqosho lwemithetho lwatshitshisa ngokungaguqukiyo imithetho yamazwana angaphambili, ebisasebenza kulo mimandla, yaye imithetho ye-RSA engqinelana nayo yenziwa ukuba isebenze kwilizwe lonke. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungamangalisiyo phofu, oku akwenzekanga kwimeko yemithetho ejongene nendima nemisebenzi yeenkokheli zemveli kulawulo lobulungisa. Oku kwakungenxa yobumbaxa nobuntununtunu bemiba ekuthethwa ngayo, kwakunye nenyaniso yokuba wonke umba wokulungelelanisa iziko lobunkokheli bemveli nolawulo lomgaqo-siseko omtsha ubunokufuna inkqubo yokuphicotha ngokutsha umgaqo-nkqubo onokukhokhelela kuqingqo lomthetho omtsha.
Ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba imithetho ehlukeneyo eyayikhona ngomhla wama-27 Apreli 1994 kwakujongenwe nayo kwizinga elifanelekileyo likarhulumente, njengoko kukhankanywa kumGaqo-siseko weThutyana, ulawulo lwemithetho eliqela lwalusabiwa nokuba ukuya phezulu (kwizinga lorhulumente wesizwe) okanye ukuya ezantsi (kwizinga lorhulumente wephondo). Kule nkqubo, ulawulo lwemithetho yonke elawula indima nemisebenzi yeenkokheli zemveli kulawulo lobulungisa, leyo, ngelo xesha, yayisalawulwa kwizinga lephondo, yayabelwe okwethutyana izinga lorhulumente wesizwe phantsi koxanduva loMphathiswa wezoBulungisa. Kwakamsinya emva koko, ulawulo lweqela lwale mithetho lwabelwa amaphondo ahlukahlukeneyo. Iqela lemithetho kananjalo yashiyeka phantsi kolawulo loMphathiswa wezoBulungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko.
Ukwenza umzekelo, eMntla-ntshona (kwi-Bophuthatswana yangaphambili), igunya lokujongana nemicimbi yolwaphulomthetho neyembambano ithweswe iziseko (oogunyaziwe besizwe) yaye hayi iinkokheli zemveli ezizimeleyo.37 Izibheno kwiziseko zemveli ziya kwinkundla ekhethekileyo kwisithili ngasinye somantyi, equka umantyi namalungu amabini ongezelelweyo (iingcaphephe ezivela kuluntu lwesithili). Kwi-Ciskei yangaphambili, iinkosi nezibonda zinolawulo ngokuzenzekela lokujongana nemicimbi yolwaphulo-mthetho nembambano evela kumthetho wezithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yokwalathelwa kwazo njengeenkokheli zemveli. Izibheno ezivela kwiinkokheli zemveli ziya koogunyaziwe benqila, apho ookumkani nookumkanikazi benobumeli.
Nangona kukho inkxaso eninzi yendlela yobulungisa yemveli, kukho abantu abangazikhuthazi kakhulu iinkundla zemveli, abathi azifikelelanga kwizinto ezilindelweyo kuzo, ngokukodwa kulawulo olutsha. Izityholo zokusebenzisa ngobugwenxa igunya elithweswe inkundla zezinye iinkokheli zemveli, iimbono ezimiliselweyo zobunkokheli bamadoda, kwakunye nothintelo olukhona lwabafazi kwiziseko zenkundla yemveli nokukheth'icala okuchasene nabamangali basetyhini okanye amaqela kwiingxoxo kuyaqhubeka ukuzoba umfanekiso odakumbileyo wezi nkundla. Kwityala apho owasetyhini wayezeke omnye umfazi (indoda) ngenjongo yokuzalela umyeni abantwana, wangxoliswa ukuba, njengowasetyhini, kufuneka angathethi xeshikweni emi ngeenyawo.
Nangona iziko lobunkokheli bemveli neenkundla zemveli zazilelinye lamaziko awayesetyenziswa ngurhulumente wocalucalulo ukugcina inkqubo ehlukeneyo yabamnyama, ayengaxhaswa ngokwaneleyo ngengxowamali ngurhulumente. Ayethembele kwiirhafu zesizwe nezohlwayo eziwiswe ziinkundla zesizwe, njengoko zazibizwa, ukuzixhasa. Kwelinye icala, iinkundla zikaMhle (iKhomishina) zazixhaswa ngemali ngumbuso yaye iikhomishina ezimhlophe ezazongamele iinkokheli zemveli zazifumana umvuzo owongezelelweyo ngendlela yesibonelelo sokuxakekiswa. Inyaniso yokuba inkqubo iyaqhubeka ukusebenza nangona isilela inkxasomali eyaneleyo esesikweni bubungqina bendlela uluntu beluyamkela ngayo inkqubo. Kusemva kokwamkelwa kobunkokheli bemveli kuphela yindlela entsha yomgaqo-siseko apho urhulumente ebubonelele ngezixhobo zokusebenza, ikakhulu ukuphuma koorhulumente bamaphondo aphumeza indima yolawulo. Okubalulekileyo luxanduva lokugcina iincwadi zemali okuze nenkxasomali. Lo ngumba owawungekho ngethuba lexesha locacucalulo. Zazingekho iimfuneko zokuseka inkqubo elungileyo yokugcina iincwadi zemali zokwamkela nokusebenzisa iirhafu zesizwe, yaye imivuzo "yeeNkosi", eyezibonda namapolisa esizwe yayifumana ingqalelo ephambili ukugqitha iminqweno yoluntu. Alukho uhlobo lomvuzo olukhutshwayo malunga nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiingxoxo zeenkundla zemveli. Kubonwa njengenkonzo yoluntu.
Azikho iinkqubo zoqeqesho ezazifakiwe ukwenzela ukuba iinkokheli zemveli zilungele ulawulo lomgaqo-siseko omtsha. Izinto ezixabisekileyo neenkqubo eziziswe lulawulo lwedemokhrasi bezingaqhelekanga kwindlela yenkcubeko yokwenza izinto. Ukujongana neemali zoluntu ngendlela yeerhafu zesizwe kwathathwa kwiinkokheli zemveli yaze inkxasomali yabonelelwa ngamaziko karhulumente. Imiba yokubusa yaququzelelwa ngeZindlu zeeNkokheli zeMveli ezisekwe kutsha nje. Iziko lalingabonelelwanga ngabasebenzi abanezakhono zokubonelela ngenkxaso ngethuba lenguqu ukuya kumthetho wedemokhrasi. Abanye abantu ababenikele ngeenkonzo zabo ngokuzithandela kwiinkundla zemveli akwenzekanga ukuba bangene kwinkonzo karhulumente ngenxa yokusilela kweziqinisekiso ezifunekayo.
Ukubetha emzimbeni, okwakuyeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yesigwebo esiwiswa ziinkundla zemveli, kwayekwa ngenxa yokungangqinelani nelungelo lesidima somntu kwiBhili yaMalungelo, nokusetyenziswa kwamapolisa esizwe njengamagosa oxolo kananjalo kwayekwa njengoko kwakudibana nemisebenzi yamapolisa, agunyaziswe ngokomthetho ukubamba. Ukwenziwa buthathaka kweendlela zokunyanzelisa ngaphandle kokufaka iindlela ezizezinye ezihambelana namGaqo-siseko, kwanciphisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kweenkundla zemveli.
UmGaqo-siseko wafaka amaziko afana neKhomishini yaMalungelo oLuntu yaseMzantsi Afrika, iKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini noMkhuseli woLuntu ngegunya lomgaqo-siseko lokuphanda nakuphi na ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo aqulathwe ngumGaqo-siseko. La maziko, ngokungephi, bekebonelela ngeenkonzo ezinxulumene nokusombulula ingxabano nokulamla iingxabano ezivela kwiBhili yaMalungelo yaye ekhuphisana neenkundla zemveli ngezinye iindlela.
Kukho, ngaphezu koko, ukudibana kulawulo phakathi kweenkundla zemveli neenkundla zoomantyi ngokuphathelele kwimicimbi ethile, ukwenza umzekelo ubusela obuncinci nokungxwelerha amalungelo omnye (i-crimen injuria), yaye oku kukhokhelela ekufuneni iqonga. Oku kongezelele ekwenzeni buthathaka indima yeenkundla zemveli njengabagcini bezimilo ezilungileyo nenkcubeko.
Kwavela ingxabano ngoAgasti wowe-1997 kwilali ebizwa i-Mononono phakathi kogunyaziwe wesizwe saBakgatla-ba-Kgalefa esiphantsi kolawulo lukaKgosi Pilane. Owasetyhini walahlekelwa ngumyeni wakhe waze wachasana nokuthobela isiko lokuzila laBakgatla elifuna ukuba afafaze isityalo esibizwa 'u-mogaga' endleleni yakhe njalo xa ephuma kumasango omzi wakhe. Wala ukwenza njalo ngenxa yokuba iinkolo zakhe zonqulo zazingalamkeli eli siko. Waziswa phambi kogunyaziwe waze wagwetywa ukuphelela kumasango omzi wakhe ixesha leenyanga ezili-12. Umhlolokazi welali yaseMononono wayeqonda ukuba njengoko wayehlala phakathi kwaBakgatla-ba-Kgalefa, kwakulindelwe ukuba avumelane nenkcubeko yaBakgatla. Nangona kunjalo, umGaqo-siseko waseMzantsi Afrika wenza isibonelelo sabantu ngabanye ukusebenzisa amalungelo abo. Le ngxaki intsonkothile ngenxa yokuba ibandakanya iinkqubo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zenkolo. Umhlolokazi wazifumana esengxakini ngenxa yenkcubeko yomyeni wakhe kunye neenkolo zakhe zonqulo. Ukongeza kukuntsonkotha komcimbi, ugunyaziwe wesizwe waBakgatla wamgweba ukuphelela kumasango omzi wakhe iinyanga ezili-12 ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo yeenkolo zakhe zonqulo.
Uphononongo lwetyala lwenziwa nguBarbara Oomen kummandla waseSekhukhune.39 Lwavavanya ingxabano ethathelwe isigqibo kwaSekhukhune kwinkundla yakwaMamone phakathi kweentsapho ezimbini, abakwaMagakala nabakwaMonagedi. Kweli tyala, umyeni ovela kwabakwaMagakala usongele ngokubulala inkosikazi yakhe. Usapho lwenkosikazi lwathatha ileta lwayisa kumzi wenkokheli ephezulu yemveli, apho kwavunyelanwa ukuba iintsapho ezimbini ziza kulandela inkqubo yokuzisa ityala kumzi wenkokheli ephezulu yemveli. Iingxoxo zacebisa ukuba indoda kufuneka ihlonele inkosikazi yayo; akufunekanga ibethe inkosikazi yayo yaye kufuneka bahlale ngoxolo. Ekugqibeleni uMnu Magakala wamkela iziphoso zakhe. Ekuwiseni isohlwayo, kubekho ukungavisisani phakathi kwamaphakathi. Amanye ayexhasa isohlwayo emzimbeni, xeshikweni amanye bekekhetha isohlwayo sokuhlawuliswa.
Ukuvela kuphononongo lwamatyala angentla, kucacile ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wesakhelo kufuneka ufune ukujongana nemingeni ekhethekileyo kwiinkundla zemveli, efana neentlobo zamatyala avulwayo, izohlwaho eziwiswayo, ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezizezinye zokusombulula ingxabano nobulungisa bembuyekezo, ukulingana ngokwesini, nesohlwayo emzimbeni.
Indima yeziko lobunkokheli bemveli kulawulo lobulungisa ayibophelelekanga kuphela ekusombululeni ingxabano. Le ndima ngokwemveli iphindene kabini ngemo, oko kukuthi indima yokubonela phambili ukukhuthaza ukubumbana kwezentlalo, ukuphilisana, uxolo nemvisiswano; kunye ii nendima yokusabela ukusombulula iingxabano ezithe zavela.
izinto ezixabisekileyo zenkcubeko, ezivela kumthetho wesintu namasiko zilunge ngokukodwa kwimizi yemveli. Okuqukiweyo kwezi zinto ezixabisekileyo ziziqhelo zesithethe ezifuna yaye eneneni ezikhuthaza ukunamathelana kwezentlalo, ukuphilisana, uxolo nemvisiswano, ngamanye amaxesha eyaziwa njengobuntu, ngokubethelela intlonelo enzulu yomthetho nocwangco/ ukuba nocwangco, kwelinye icala, negunyabantu, kwelinye icala. Iziko lobunkokheli bemveli belisoloko lingumgcini wezi zithethe ezixabisekileyo yaye kufuneka liqhubeke ukwenza njalo Lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuzikhuthazeni, ukuzitshintsha nokuziphuhlisa, apho kukho imfuneko. Iziko lobunkokheli bemveli limiselwe ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekutshintsheni okanye ukuphuhlisa ezi zithethe neziqhelo ezixabisekileyo.
Ikhona imizekelo yeempikiswano zokwenyani okanye eziboniweyo phakathi kwezinye izithethe neziqhelo ezixabisekileyo nezinto ezixabisekileyo ezifakwe kumGaqo-siseko. Ezi mpikiswano ngumqondiso wemfuneko yokuphuhlisa ngokongezelelweyo umthetho wesintu ukuze ungqinelane nezinto ezixabisekileyo zomgaqo-siseko. UmGaqo-siseko udibanisa zonke iinkundla, kuquka iinkundla zemveli, izigqeba okanye amaqonga, xa kuchazwa nawuphi na umthetho naxa kuphuhliswa umthetho woluntu okanye umthetho wesintu, ukukhuthaza umoya, intsingiselo nenjongo yeBhili yaMalungelo.
Iziqhelo ngokubanzi neziganeko zenkcubeko ezaziwa ngokwakha nokuphucula imbumba yamanyama, ezifana neendibano zesihlwele zokuthandazela uxolo okanye imvula okanye ukuqhuba imisitho yokuhlambulula emva kwentlekele ethe yavelela umzi okanye ukugcina iintsuku ezithile neziza zamagugu obuzwe ukukhumbula iziganeko zembali (umzkl. uSuku lukaShaka).
Ukukhuthaza izithethe ezixabisekileyo zosapho, ubuzali obunemfanelo nemvuselelo yezimilo, ngokusebenzisana necandelo lezentlalo leziseko zombuso.
Iziko lobunkokheli bemveli lingadlala ngokongezelelweyo indima yokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo ezinento yokwenza nolawulo lobulungisa. Ukwenza umzekelo kwiinkqubo ezifana ne-Victims Charter (iPhepha laMalungelo aMaxhoba), iziko lobunkokheli bemveli lunokubanakho ukuxhobisa abantu bemveli ngamaphulo okubaqaphelisa ngokusebenzisa amalungelo neemfanelo zabo eziqulathwe kwi-Charter.
Inkqubo yobulungisa bemveli kufuneka iphucule yaye igcine izithethe ezixabisekileyo zobuAfrika zobulungisa, ezisekwe kubulungisa boxolelwano nembuyekezo. UmGaqo-siseko ukhusela amalungelo enkcubeko kunye neziko lobunkokheli bemveli. Iinkokheli zemveli, ngokukodwa, ngabagcini bale nkcubeko nemveli. Ukwabiwa kwendima nemisebenzi yeziko lobunkokheli bemveli kufuneka kwenziwe ngendlela elondoloza izithethe ezixabisekileyo ekusekwe phezu kwazo iziko lobunkokheli bemveli.
Iinkundla zemveli zahlukile kwiinkundla ezisesikweni ngokuba zifikeleleka lula, zisebenza ukubuyisela nokubopha ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu bemveli, yaye zibonakala ngokucacileyo, ngenkqubo yokwenza izigqibo eziselubala apho uluntu luthatha inxaxheba. Iinkqubo ezisesikweni, kwelinye icala, zilandela imithetho entsonkothileyo yaye zijolise kwimpindezelo.
Isiseko senkqubo yobulungisa yemveli sixhomekeke ekuthatheni inxaxheba koluntu ekusombululeni iingxabano zalo. Oku kwahlukile kwinkqubo yenkundla esesikweni apho iingxabano zithunyelwa ezinkundleni ukuya kugwetywa ngamagosa enkundla awisa izigwebo ezigonyamelayo /ezibophelelayo. Iindlela zemveli zokusombulula iingxabano bezingamangaleli ezinkundleni njengoko ziqondwa kuluvo lobulungisa lwaseNtshona. Abantu bebedibana ku-makgotla (iinkundla) ukusombulula iingxabano zabo, yaye inkosi, njengoko kubekwa ngu-Sachs, ngokungaguquguqukiyo isebenza njengesithethi samaphakathi ayo, lawo, ngenye indlela, afuna ukugcina nokomeleza izithethe ezisekiweyo zesizwe.
Kulo mxholo, inkosi elungileyo ibiqondwa hayi ngoloyiko enokulufaka okanye ubuhandiba enokububonakalisa, kodwa ngesakhono sayo sokuthetha ingqiqo yobulungisa (ukulunga) bomzi odibeneyo, esibandakanya ukusebenzisa kwayo imithetho nemigaqo eyamkelweyo jikelele kwiingxabano ezithile ngendlela ecace ngokufanelekileyo
UmGaqo-siseko ufakela "ilungelo lokuba wonke ubani unelungelo lokuba nayiphi na imbambano enokusonjululwa ngokusetyenziswa komthetho, kugqitywe ngayo kwingxoxo esesidlangalaleni engenasheyi enkundleni okanye, apho kufanelekileyo, kwelinye iqonga elizimeleyo nelingathathi cala". NgokomGaqo-siseko, naluphi na uhlobo lwenkundla, isigqeba okanye iqonga lingasekwa ukusombulula iingxabano ezithile, ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni inkundla, isigqeba okanye iqonga elinjalo lanelisa iimfuno ezizinzileyo ngokomgaqo-siseko zokuzimela nokungakhethi cala.
Umthetho wesizwe kufuneka ungqine amaziko emveli okanye amaqonga ahlala kwiinkundla zemveli apho iinkokheli zemveli zisebenzisa indima nemisebenzi yazo enxulumene nolawulo lobulungisa. Umthetho ocingwayo kufuneka ulungiselele iinkqubo ekufuneka zilandelwe ziinkundla zemveli.
Imigaqo-nkqubo ecetywayo kwesi sakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo ifuna ukungqina ezi ndlela zemveli zokulawula ubulungisa ezendeleyo kwizithethe ezixabisekileyo zabantu bemveli. Le nkqubo ayithatheli indawo inkqubo yenkundla esesikweni. Ifezekisa nokuxhasa inkqubo yenkundla. Ngako oko kufuneka umntu alumkele ukuchaza imigqaliselo yenkqubo yobulungisa yemveli ngokomxholo wenkqubo njengoko isetyenziswa okanye iqondwa kwinkqubo yobulungisa bempindezelo. Ukwenza umzekelo, umtyholwa, njengoko echazwa kwi-Criminal Procedure Act, 1977, unentsingiselo ehlukileyo kumntu otyholwayo ngokomxholo wenkqubo yobulungisa bemveli. Kulo mxholo umntu otyholwayo kwinkqubo yobulungisa yolwaphulomthetho unelungelo lobumeli ngokusemthethweni, xeshikweni umntu otyholwayo kwinkqubo yobulungisa yemveli engenalo.
Injongo yale migaqo-nkqubo kukwandisa amathuba okufikeleleka kubulungisa kwamaqela asekuhlaleni angakhonzwa ngokwanelisayo okanye ngobulungisa kwinkqubo yenkundla esesikweni - ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa iindleko nexesha elithathwa ukusombulula iingxabano ezincinci. Okona imbonakalo iba nkulu yezithethe ezixabisekileyo zoluntu kwimithetho neenkqubo zokusombulula iingxabano, kukokona inkqubo iza kufumana intlonipho evela kumalungu oluntu lwemveli.
Inkqubo yobulungisa yemveli, iqala kusapho okanye kwizinga lengingqi. Abantu abadala kusapho bangazama ukusombulula ingxabano. Ukuba abanakho ukwenza njalo, ngako ke bayinyusela kwizinga lengingqi (usibonda okanye usibondakazi). Ukusombulula ingxabano kwizinga losapho okanye lengingqi kulawulwa ngumthetho wesintu. Ukusa umba enkundleni yemveli ngamaxa amaninzi kubonwa njengelinge lokugqibela, yaye kwenziwa kuphela emva kokuba amalinge okuqala okusombulula ingxabano ethe asilela.
Ngokubanzi umba uza kusiwa enkundleni yemveli kuphela njengecebo lokugqibela yaye kuphela emva kokuba ezinye iinkqubo zisilele. Isikhalazo siqala kwizinga losapho yaye ukuba asisombululwanga kwelo zinga sithunyelwa kwizinga losibonda/ losibondakazi ukufumana isisombululo. Ukuba umcimbi awusombululwanga ngusibonda/ usibondakazi umcimbi uthunyelwa kwinkokheli ephezulu yemveli emema indibano yenkundla yemveli. Izikhalazo neengxabano ziphulaphulwa kwiiofisi zogunyaziwe wemveli, nokuba kuseofisini yenkosi okanye kwigumbi lebhodi yogunyaziwe wemveli. Ezi zikhalazo ziphulaphulwa ngokungekhosikweni yaye ngokubanzi zibandakanya iingxoxo phakathi kwawo onke amaqela achaphazelekayo kuqukwa nenkokheli yemveli namanye amalungu ebhunga lemveli. Basebenzisa iindlela zokusombulula ingxabano baze bafune ukufikelela isivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela onke. Ukuba akukho sivumelwano sifikelelwayo, umcimbi uba yingxoxo esesikweni phambi kwenkundla yemveli.
Ukuhlala kwenkundla kuvulelekile kumalungu oluntu, avunyelweyo ukuvelisa uluvo nokubuza imibuzo kwiqela naliphi na. Ekupheleni kovavanyo inkokheli yemveli ivakalisa isigqibo senkundla yemveli. Kwimimandla apho iinkokheli eziphezulu zemveli zingaphantsi kokumkani okanye ukumkanikazi, kukho ilungelo elongezelelweyo lokubhenela kukumkani okanye ukumkanikazi ukuchasana nesigqibo senkundla enjalo.
Ukusombulula ingxabano kwizinga losapho nelesibonda/ usibondakazi kulawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngumthetho wesintu. Umthetho ocingwayo ngako oko uza kulawula kuphela ukusombulula ingxabano yakuba ingxabano ithunyelwe kwinkundla yemveli.
Kuyo yonke imbali, iinkokheli zemveli bezinazo iindlela zokusombulula ingxabano, ndlela ezo eziphumeleleyo ukusombulula iingxabano kwimizi yasemaphandleni. Injongo engamandla yeenkundla zemveli kukufikelela uxolelwano phakathi kwamaqela.
Xeshikweni kuyinyaniso ukuba inkundla yemveli, xa igweba ingxabano, iwisa "isigwebo" (oko kukuthi, ifumana omntu othile enetyala okanye emsulwa), kuyinyaniso kananjalo ukuba injongo ephezulu yeengxoxo kukusombulula ingxabano nokubuyisela ubudlelwane obuphilileyo phakathi kwamaqela. Izakhi zobulungisa bembuyekezo, ezibonakala izizinto ezintsha kwinkqubo yobulungisa esesikweni, bezikhona ukusuka kudaladala kwinkqubo yobulungisa yemveli.
Ngokungafani neenkundla ezisesikweni apho oomantyi neejaji betyunjwa ukujongana ngokukodwa nemisebenzi yenkundla, iziko lobunkokheli bemveli linoluhlu lweminye imisebenzi evela kwinkcubeko namasiko, eyabelwe lona ngokomthetho. Ngokungafani namagosa enkundla, iinkokheli zemveli azalathelwa kwizikhundla zazo ngokobuchule okanye izakhono zazo, kodwa zinyukela kwisikhundla sobukhosi ngokulandelelana. Azityunjwa, kodwa "ziinkokheli ngokuzalwa".
Iinkokheli zemveli ziphumeza indima nemisebenzi yazo ngokusondele kakhulu kuluntu. Umthetho we-Traditional Leadership and Governance Framework Act uthundeza urhulumente ukubonelela ngamancedo okusebenza afunekayo ukuze iinkokheli zemveli ziphumeze imisebenzi yazo. Ubonelela ngokucacileyo ukuba elinye nelinye igatya lombuso kufuneka lizame ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukwabiwa kwendima okanye umsebenzi nawuphi na owabelwa iziko lobunkokheli bemveli ukhatshwa ngamancedo okusebenza afunekayo, yaye kufuneka liqikisekise ukuba inkqubo efanelekileyo yokugcina iincwadi iyasebenza. Kuyimfuneko ukubonelela ngemekobume elungiselela nokukhuthaza indlela edibeneyo yokuphumeza indima nemisebenzi echucha kuzo zonke izigaba zikarhulumente. Phakathi kwalo mxholo, kulindelwa ukuba iSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko libonelele ngezakhono namancedo okusebenza anokufuneka ngokukhethekileyo ukuphumeza indima nemisebenzi yobunkokheli bemveli kulawulo lobulungisa, amancedo okusebenza afunekayo afana noqeqesho nenkxaso yolawulo kwiinkundla zemveli.
Kufuneka iSebe liqingqe umthetho, oseka iinkundla zemveli ezinolawulo lwembambano nolwaphulomthetho, njengoko kumiselwe kuMthetho, nomda ophezulu wezemali kufuneka umiselwe ngokuphathelele kulawulo lwazo lwembambano.
Umthetho kufuneka ubonelele ngobumeli/ ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabasetyhini kwiinkundla zemveli.
Kufuneka iinkundla zemveli zigunyaziswe ukuwisa izohlwayo nezigwebo ezixhonyiweyo.
Abamangalelwa kwiingxoxo phambi kwenkundla yemveli kufuneka babe nelungelo lokukhetha ukuphuma nokuthumela imicimbi yabo kwiinkundla ezisesikweni.
Izibheno ezichasene nezigqibo zeenkundla zemveli kufuneka zibe phantsi kwenkundla yemveli yazibheno esekwe ukuphulaphula izibheno zenkundla yesigaba sokuqala.
viii Umbhalisi weenkundla zemveli kufuneka amiselwe kwiphondo ngalinye ukubonelela ngenkxaso yolawulo kwiinkundla zemveli zephondo.
Nangona ingxelo iqulathe izincomo ezifuna uhlaziyo nokomeleza ulawulo lwenkundla yemveli, ezinye zezincomo zayo, ngokukodwa ezo ezinxulumene nokuwisa izigwebo zentolongo ezixhonyiweyo, izibheno nokugcina iirekhodi zeengxoxo zenkundla, zisekelwe kwiinkundla zaseNtshona yaye zinokufunyanwa zingangqinelani nezithethe ezixabisekileyo zamaAfrika zobulungisa.
Kufuneka uMphathiswa alathe ookumkani, ookumkanikazi neenkokheli eziphezulu zemveli njengamagosa achophela iinkundla zemveli ezisekwe phakathi kwemimandla yazo yolawulo, echazwe ngokomthetho.
Kufuneka umthetho wesizwe ubonelele ngokuthi ukwalathelwa esikhundleni kwenziwe ngokubhaliweyo. Ukuza kwiinkqubo zoqeqesho ezimiselweyo kufuneka kube yenye yeemfuno zokunyulwa kwenkokheli yemveli yokusebenzisa indima nemisebenzi yayo kulawulo lobulungisa. Ngokufanayo, kufuneka umthetho ubonelele ngokurhoxiswa kokwalathelwa esikhundleni kwiimeko zokusebenzisa ngobugwenxa igunya elinikiweyo.
Usibonda/ usibondakazi okanye ilungu losapho lobukumkani nalo kananjalo lingalathelwa esikhundleni njengegosa elichophelayo ukuphumeza imisebenzi yenkokheli ephezulu yemveli apho loo nkokheli ingenakho ukufumaneka.
Azikho iindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkokheli zemveli ziphumeza indima nemisebenzi yazo yolawulo lobulungisa phakathi kwemida yomthetho. Ukungabikho kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkokheli zemveli ziphumeza indima nemisebenzi yazo kulawulo lobulungisa ngokungqinelana neemfuno zomGaqo-siseko nomthetho, kuvelisa umngeni onobuzaza. Njengoko umthetho wesizwe ufuna ukuba iijaji noomantyi bathathe isifungo sesikhundla phambi kwegosa eliphezulu lenkundla, ngokunjalo kufuneka umthetho wesizwe ufune ukuba iinkokheli zemveli ezalathelwe njengamagosa achophelayo zithathe isifungo sesikhundla phambi komantyi wenkundla kamantyi kummandla wolawulo lwenkundla yemveli.
Umthetho wesizwe ungabonelela ngophuhliso lwemigaqo yokuziphatha yeenkokheli zemveli ezinyulwe ukuphumeza indima nemisebenzi yazo yolawulo lobulungisa, yaye kufuneka umisele amanyathelo okuthathwa ngokuchasene nokwaphulwa komgaqo wokuziphatha onjalo yinkokheli nayiphi na yemveli. Amanyathelo anjalo angaquka izincomo zokungenela inkqubo ethile yoqeqesho okanye kwanakho ukurhoxiswa kwisikhundla okwethutyana okanye ngokusisigxina ukuba ulwaphulo lomgaqo wokuziphatha lunobuzaza ngokwaneleyo ukufanela ukurhoxiswa.
Kufuneka iinkokheli zemveli zingene kwinkqubo yoqeqesho emiselweyo malunga, phakathi kwezinye izinto, namalungelo oluntu, umxholo wokungafani nowezentlalo wokufaneleka ukunyulwa njengamagosa achophelayo kwiinkundla zemveli. Kufuneka uqeqesho kananjalo lolulwe ukufikelela nakowuphi na usibonda, usibondakazi okanye naliphi na ilungu losapho lobukumkani elinyulwe njengegosa elichophelayo.
Kufuneka umthetho ubonelele ngeenkqubo zoqeqesho ezinjalo (ngokucebisana neKholeji yoBulungisa) njengoko kunokufuneka ukulungiselela ukusebenza ngempumelelo kweenkundla zemveli. Inkqubo yoqeqesho kufuneka iquke imfundo ngamalungelo oluntu, umxholo woqeqesho ngokungafani nangentlalo.
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, iinkundla zemveli zazibonwa zinobuchule bokujongana kuphela neengxabano ezivela kwiziqhelo zezithethe. Umthetho wesintu luluhlu lwemithetho engabhalwanga yaye yahlukile kwiindawo ngeendawo phakathi kwemizi ehlukeneyo yemveli. Umthetho wesintu luluhlu lweziqhelo, imithetho, amaziko nezithethe ezixabisekileyo ezisetyenziswa luluntu lwemveli.
Umahluko phakathi kweengxabano ezivela kumthetho wesintu nezo ezisekwe kumthetho woluntu ngamaxa amaninzi awucacanga kakhulu. Ngokuka-Sachs, imida phakathi komthetho wesintu nomthetho woluntu ithambile yaye iyathungelana. Uxela ukuba nangona le mimiselo isetyenziswa ngokwahlukeneyo kumGaqo-siseko, ingabonwa isetyenziswa ngendlela echazayo neguquguqukayo, kunaleyo emiselweyo (normative) necacileyo (categorical).
Yomibini ifuna ukudityaniswa nezinto ezixabisekileyo zomGaqo-siseko. Kwimihla yocalulo yayigcinwe yahlukene, ngokwengqiqo nangokwamaziko. Namhlanje asikho isizathu sokungaqondi nokwamkela inyaniso yokuba ngamnye ngokwe-osmosisi uvuzele komnye ngokungenakujikwa yaye yomelezene. Ngaphezu koko, yomibini ichatshazelwe kakhulu ngokungenakubhangiswa ngumthetho; ukuba zazikhe zakhona iziphatho zomthetho woluntu nezomthetho wesintu kuphela, azisekho kwaphela kule mihla.
Ukwandiswa kolawulo lolwaphulomthetho nolwembambano kwiinkundla zemveli kungazisa imingeni yomgaqo-siseko. Kukho umahluko ongacacanga phakathi kwezenzo zolwaphulomthetho ezivela kumthetho wesintu neziqhelo nezo ezivela kumthetho woluntu. Ukuya ngokophando ngokuphathalele kulo mba, azikho izenzo zolwaphulomthetho ezaziwayo zomthetho wesintu ezahlukileyo kwezo ezivela kumthetho woluntu. Oku kungenxa yokuba umthetho wesintu awubhalwanga yaye wahlukile ukusuka komnye umzi ukuya komnye. Nangona kumthetho wembambano kukho iingxabano ezithile ezisekwe kuphela kumthetho wesintu, kuyafuneka kumiselwe umda apho iinkundla zemveli zinganikwa ulawulo lokuvavanya iingxabano zembambano nezenzo zolwaphulomthetho zomthetho woluntu. Ukwandiswa kolawulo lolwaphulomthetho nembambano kufuneka kungqinelane neemfuno zomGaqo-siseko.
Kuyafuneka ukuba iinkundla zemveli zithweswe ulawulo lokuvavanya izenzo zolwaphulomthetho ezingenabo ubuzaza kangako neengxabano zembambano ezincinci ezivela kumthetho wesintu nezenzo zolwaphulomthetho zomthetho woluntu.
Kufuneka ulawulo lweenkundla zemveli lube loluphathelele kumatyala neengxabano ezivela kummandla wolawulo wenkundla echaphazelekayo.
Kufuneka uMphathiswa, amaxesha ngamaxesha, ngesaziso kwiGazethi, amisele elona xabiso liphezulu lemali leengxabano okanye amabango okuvavanywa ziinkundla zemveli. Kufuneka iingxabano ezinobuzaza ezifana nobubhovubhovu ekhaya nokwenza amanyala emntwini zingavavanywa ziinkundla zemveli.
Ngenxa yokuba uMzantsi Afrika ungenayo inkqubo eyodwa, edityanisiweyo yomthetho wesintu, iinkundla zemveli zijongene yaye ziza kuqhubeka ukujongana neemeko apho kufuneka zithathe isigibo sokuba yeyiphi eyezi nkqubo ezimbini okanye ezingaphezulu zomthetho wesintu ekufuneka ziyisebenzise kwiinyaniso zengxabano echotshelweyo. Ngokwesiqhelo iingxabano ezinjalo zidla ngokusonjululwa ngokuvumelana phakathi kwamaqela engxabano. Xa kungekho nayiphi na indlela yokuvumelana phakathi kwamaqela engxabano, umthetho osebenzayo ngumthetho wommandla woluntu lwemveli oluchaphazelekayo, okanye umthetho ononxulumano olukhulu netyala.
Kufuneka iinkundla zemveli zingawisi naluphi na uhlobo lwesigwebo sentolongo okanye esixhonyiweyo.
Ngokwembali, iinkokheli zemveli bezingawisa izohlwayo ezibukhali ezifana nokugxotha elizweni okanye ukugxotha kumzi. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zohlwayo bezingenakugwetyelwa phantsi komGaqo-siseko.
Iinkundla zemveli zingawisa izohlwayo kunye okanye imbuyekezo ngemali. Ngokuphathelele kwiinkundla zemveli, bekusoloko kujoliswa kubulungisa boxolelwano nembuyekezo kunokuwisa isohlwayo. Isohlwayo sibonwa njengokwamkela ityala yaye ngamaxa amaninzi umntu uyazinika isohlwayo.
Ukuba umntu uyaqaphela ukuba wonile, okanye kucacile kuye ukuba amalungu omlibo wakhe amthatha enjalo, unokuziwisela isohlwayo ngokwakhe esegusha, ibhokwe okanye kwanayo inkomo ukubonakalisa ukuzohlwaya kwakhe nokuhlamba ityala lakhe. Oku kuzidla kananjalo ngamanye amaxesha kubhenelwa kuko kwinkundla kasibonda, ukudala ukwamkela ityala. Kwaziwa njenge-mali yokuzithandanzela (imali yokucela inceba) yaye ngumqondiso kwinkundla yokuzohlwaya ngokunyanisekileyo. Kwityala apho umntu onetyala eziwisela isohlwayo eso amalungu enkundla asithatha singanelanga, athatha oku njengobungqina bokuba akadananga ngokwenene, yaye angenyusa isohlwayo; kwelinye icala ukuba uzohlwaya nzima kakhulu, kunokwenzeka asehlise.
Kufuneka iinkundla zemveli zigunyaziswe ukuwisa izohlwayo ezintsha zoluntu, ngokukodwa izohlwayo ezilungiselela ubulungisa bembuyekezo, ukuhambelana nendima yemveli yobunkokheli bemveli. Ngokwembali, iinkokheli zemveli bezinoxanduva lokugcina uxolo nemvisiswano kuluntu lwazo. Umthetho olawula iinkundla zokulingana unganika isikhokhelo esiluncedo kulo mba, ukwenza umzekelo, wokuba kucelwe uxolo olupheleleyo okanye kunikwe umyalelo wokuba umntu omangalelweyo abuyekeze ummangali ngomonakalo nawuphi na awudalileyo, ngokulawulwa yimida ethile.
Kufuneka umthetho wesizwe ugunyazise uMphathiswa ukumisela esona sohlwayo siphezulu sinokuwiswa yinkundla yemveli. Isohlwayo kufuneka sibe ngokwemimiselo yezemali. Izohlwayo zembuyekezo zinokuba ngemo yemali okanye eyemfuyo. Kufuneka iimali ezihlawulwa njengesohlwayo zibe yinxalenye yengeniso yombuso yaye kufuneka kujonganwe nazo njengoko kumiselwe.
Emva kokufika kwexesha ledemokhrasi entsha inkqubo yamapolisa emveli eyayifuneka ukunyanzelisa izigqibo zeenkundla zemveli, yaphelelwa ngamandla. Omnye wemisebenzi yamapolisa emveli yayikukuthumela izaziso, iyalela amaqela namalungu oluntu ukuya ezinkundleni nokongamela ukunyanzeliswa kwezigqibo zenkundla. Kwimo yokungabikho kwamapolisa emveli, kuyimfuneko ukubonelela ngesakhono sokuphumeza lo msebenzi.
Amalungelo okufumana ubumeli obusemthethweni kwiinkundla ezisesikweni angqinelana necandelo 35 lomGaqo-siseko yaye eli lungelo alithobi isidima. Nangona kunjalo, kwinkqubo yobulungisa yemveli ilungelo lokufumana ummeli osemthethweni alifumani kusebenza njengoko inkqubo yobulungisa yemveli yahlukile kwiinkundla zesiqhelo ezimiselwa ngumGaqo-siseko icandelo 353c. Injongo yeenkundla zemveli ayikuko ukugweba, ukugqitha ukubuyisela imvisiswano nokuxolelana.
Andindululi ukuba iinkundla zomzi kwimimandla yasemaphandleni, elawulwa ziinkokheli zemveli nesebenza ngokweenkqubo ezingekhosikweni zomthetho wesintu, zinikwe amagunya okuthumela abantu entolongweni. Okanye ukuba zivunyelwe ukuwisa isigwebo sokohlwaya emzimbeni. Ukuba nabani na woyikiswa ngokulahlekelwa yinkululeko, kufuneka kubekhona inkqubo efanelekileyo yomthetho, amagqwetha okukhusela, amaxwebhu okutyhola, inkqubo yokubhena neenkqubo ezisesikweni. Oko kuko okufunwa ngumGaqo-siseko. Kodwa ukusombulula iingxabano zosapho nezabamelwane nokujongana nokubetha okuncinci nobusela obuncinci kufuna ezinye iindlela neenkqubo.
Ubumeli obusemthethweni kufuneka bungavumeleki ngenxa yenyaniso yokuba iinkundla zemveli azijongananga nemibuzo yobuchwepheshe bezomthetho efuna ukuchazwa ngamagqwetha.
Izigwebo nezigqibo zeenkundla zemveli zidla ngokusekwa kwimvume yommangalelwa/ umntu otyholwayo, yaye ezi zigqibo ezifikelelweyo kananjalo ziguquka ukuba zizigqibo zomzi njengoko wonke ubani ethatha inxaxheba ekusombululeni ingxabano. Ingcamango yesibheno ngako oko ayiveli kwinkqubo yenkundla yemveli. Yangeniswa zizithanga (ubukoloniale) neenkqubo zocalucalulo ngobuhlanga ndlela ezo urhulumente wasentshona wayebeka iso ngazo ubunkokheli bemveli. Izibheno kananjalo ziyenza nde inkqubo yezomthetho.
Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga kufuneka isibheno kwinkundla kamantyi enolawulo sivunyelwe ngokuchasene nemiyalelo yentlawulo yesohlwayo esigqithisileyo okanye imbuyekezo.
Kufuneka izigqibo zeenkundla zemveli zibenakho ukuhlaziywa yinkundla kamantyi enolawulo yaye izizathu zokuhlaziya kufuneka zibonelelwe emthethweni. Kufuneka ezi zizathu ziquke ukungabikho kolawulo kwicala lenkundla, ukungalungelelani okugqithisileyo, umdla kunobangela nokukhetha icala.
Kufuneka kubenakho ukuthumela imicimbi ukusuka kwinkundla yemveli ukuya kwiinkundla zoomantyi ezinolawulo ukuba, ngokwengqiqo yenkundla yemveli, umcimbi ochotshelweyo unobuzaza kangangokuba ufanele ukuthunyelwa kwinkundla esesikweni.
Ngokufanayo, kufuneka umcimbi ubenakho ukuthunyelwa kwinkundla yemveli ngumtshutshisi ophezulu okanye olawulayo ukuba ngokwembono yomtshutshisi ophezulu okanye olawulayo, umcimbi ungena phantsi kolawulo lwenkundla yemveli.
Kufuneka iinkundla zemveli kananjalo zisetyenziswe njengenye yeenkqubo zokuphambukisa apho amatyala ephambukiswa ukusuka kwiinkundla eziqhelekileyo, kusetyenziswa inkqubo yobulungisa yolwaphulomthetho ekuza kujonganwa nayo kusetyenziswa indlela eyenye yokusombulula ingxabano okanye ubulungisa bembuyekezo.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwexhoba nokwaneliseka okongezelelweyo: Iinkundla eziqhelekileyo zibonwa zojolise kumoni yaye ixhoba akujoliswanga kulo njengoko ulwaphulomthetho ilityala elichasene nombuso. Amanyathelo obulungisa bembuyekezo ajolisa kubo bobabini umoniwa nomoni.
Ukwamkela uxanduva: Ukusebenzisana phakathi komoni nexhoba kubonelela ngethuba lokuba umoni avume iziphoso zakhe yaye amkele uxanduva lokuzilungisa.
Ukona njalo okuncitshisiweyo: Izifundo zophononongo zibonisa ukuba ukona njalo kuncitshiswa yindlela yobulungisa yembuyekezo, xa kuthelekiswa neendlela eziqhelekileyo zobulungisa bolwaphulomthetho.
Indlela yolwaphulomthetho yokusombulula ingxaki: Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwamapolisa kwiingqungquthela zobulungisa bembuyekezo kunceda amapolisa nezinye ii-arhente zobulungisa bolwaphulomthetho ukuqonda oonobangela bokuziphatha kwabaphulimthetho kwimimandla ethile nendlela yokujongana nabo kwiinkqubo zabo zophando.
Amandla ongezelelweyo: Ukunika abanomdla kwinkqubo yobulungisa yolwaphulomthetho ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba nokwenza izigqibo kubulungisa bembuyekezo kwiingqungquthela kuyaxhobisa.
Ngumqondiso wobulungisa bembuyekezo ukuba zingafikelelwa njani izigqibo zokujongana neziphumo zolwaphulomthetho emva kokuba izimvo zabathathi-nxaxheba ziceliwe yaye ziqwalaselwe. Emva koku kuqwalasela nokusebenzisana, isigqibo seqela siyavela yaye siphunyezwe. Ngale ndlela, kuyenzeka ukuba amaqela amakhulu (aboni, amaxhoba namapolisa) basithathe isesabo isiphumo sengqungquthela.
Iziko lobunkokheli bemveli, ngokusebenzisa iinkundla zemveli, lifanele ukudlala indima ebonakalayo malunga nokufaka nokwenza isebenze inkqubo yobulungisa bembuyekezo ekusombululeni ingxabano.
Umthetho kufuneka ubonelele ngemo nobungakanani beerekhodi ekufuneka zigcinwe kwiingxoxo zeenkundla zemveli. Kufuneka iirekhodi ezigciniweyo zanele ukuze zibonise irekhodi yesigqibo nezizathu zesigqibo senkundla yemveli (ngenjongo yokuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwelungelo naliphi na, ukwenza umzekelo, amalungelo okubhena ngokuchasene nemiyalelo ethile yenkundla okanye ilungelo lokufuna ukuba iingxoxo zenkundla zihlaziywe).
Ngemfundiso yamalungelo oluntu neenkqubo zoqeqesho zomxholo wezentlalo, kufuneka iinkokheli zemveli ziqheliswe malunga nokulingana ngokwesini xa zijongene neengxabano eziphathelele kwabasetyhini namanye amalungu oluntu asesichengeni sokuxhatshazwa, nokulandela kwanokuhlonela amalungelo afakelwe kwiBhili yaMalungelo.
Nangona kukho ukuzinikela okuthile kwimizi ethile yemveli ukuphelisa iziqhelo zakudala zokugwebatanci ngokuchasene nabasetyhini nokuthintelwa kwabo ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiziseko zenkundla yemveli, zisekhona iziganeko ezithile zokungalinangani okukhulu nokungavakalelwa ngokwesini kwinkqubo yenkundla yemveli.
Umthetho olawula iinkundla zemveli kufuneka ungqine ilungelo lokulingana elifakwe kumGaqo-siseko yaye kufuneka ubonelele ngeenkqubo eziza kuqinisekisa ukuthatha inxaxheba okupheleleyo kwabasetyhini, kolutsha nabakhubazekileyo kwiinkundla zemveli.
Ulawulo lobulungisa sisakhono sesizwe, esithetha ukuba azikho iindawo zokusebenza malunga nolawulo lobulungisa ezigqithiswe ngumGaqo-siseko ukuya kwizigaba zikarhulumente wephondo okanye owengingqi. Amaphondo anesakhono sokuqingqa umthetho ngemiba enxulumene nomthetho wemveli nowesintu, ngokulawulwa siSahluko 2 somGaqo-siseko, yaye anesakhono sokuqingqa umthetho ngemiba enxulumene nolawulo lobulungisa njengoko kubonelelwe kwiSahluko 8 somGaqo-siseko.
Kuyimfuneko ukuqingqa umthetho wesizwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba kusebenza imigangatho efanayo kwilizwe ngokubanzi.
Amalungiselelo enguqu ayafuneka ukuphumeza isindululo solawulo lwenkundla yemveli kwesi sakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo yaye ezi ziza kujongwa phakathi komthetho ocetywayo. Iinkcukacha ezilandelayo ngokuphathelele kumalungiselelo enguqu ziyafuneka.
Ngenxa yokwabiwa kwemithetho yamazwana angaphambili ukuya kumaphondo ahlukeneyo ngowe-1994, imithetho ehlukeneyo, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ibisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeRiphablikhi. Amanye amaphondo ayibhangisile imithetho yephondo ayabelweyo, xeshiweni umthetho osasebenza kwiindawo ezithile zaseMpumalanga naseMpuma-Koloni, oko kukuthi umthetho we-KwaNdebele Traditional Hearings of Civil and Criminal Cases Act, 1984, nomthetho we-Regional Authorities Courts Act, 1982, ayizange yabelwe iMpumalanga neMpuma-Koloni. Kufuneka uMthetho omnye wePalamente olawula indima nemisebenzi yeenkokheli zemveli kulawulo lobulungisa. Oku kuza kufuna ukubhangiswa kwayo yonke imithetho elawulwa ngurhulumente wesizwe kwakunye nayiphi na eminye imithetho yephondo elawula indima yeenkokheli zesizwe kulawulo lobulungisa yaye engekatshitshiswa zizindlu zowisomthetho zamaphondo ngokulandelelana. Kukho imfuneko yokuququzelela ukutshitshiswa kwale mithetho ehlukeneyo ukuvumela ukupheliswa okuhamba kakuhle kwesakhelo somthetho okhoyo ukulungiselela ukungena koMthetho omnye wePalamente oza kusebenza kwiRiphablikhi iphela. Kufuneka amaphondo kananjalo anikwe ixesha elamkelekileyo lokutshitshisa imithetho yawo ngokuphathelele kulo mba.
Xa ukutshitshiswa kwemithetho ehlukeneyo, ebonelela iinkokheli zemveli ngendima nemisebenzi yazo kulawulo lobulungisa kusenzeka, kuza kufuneka ukuba kuvunyelwe iinkundla zemveli ukugqibezela imicimbi exoxwe inxalenye ngokwemithetho ebe ikhona xa le micimbi iqaliswa okokuqala. Izibheno ezimisiweyo okanye ezingaphunyezwanga xa ulawulo olutsha lwenkundla yemveli lungena entsebenzweni kufuneka kuqhutyekwe ngazo phantsi komthetho obusebenza phambi kokuqala kolawulo olutsha.
Ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka, iinkokheli zemveli ezo ukuthweswa kwazo igunya lokuchophela amatyala olwaphulomthetho nawembambano alirhoxiswanga ngokwemigaqo ye-Black Administration Act, 1927, okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho, kufuneka zivunyelwe ukuphulaphula iingxabano njengamagosa achophelayo kude kube alathelwe ezikhundleni ngokolawulo olutsha. Ezi nkokheli zemveli kufuneka zingenele uqeqesho olumiselweyo yaye zithathe isifungo okanye zenze isingqiniso sesikhundla ukuze zifaneleke ukuqhubeka ukuba sesikhundleni. Ezi nkokheli zemveli kufuneka zinikwe ixesha elamkelekileyo lokungenela uqeqesho nokuthatha isifungo okanye ukwenza isingqiniso. Eli xesha kufuneka libekelwe umda womhla omiselweyo, onika ixesha elamkelekileyo lokwanelisa iimfuno zolawulo olutsha.
Esi sakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo sifuna ukuvuselela nokomeleza inkqubo exabisekileyo yobulungisa bemveli ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni injongo yokufikelela kubulungisa. Eli xwebhu sisiphumo sophando olunzulu nokucebisana nabanomdla kulawulo lobulungisa ngaphakathi nangaphaya kwemida yeRiphablikhi. Libeka isiseko somthetho omtsha ocetywayo onenjongo yokuphumeza imigaqo ye-Traditional Leadership and Governance Framework Act (uMthetho woBunkokheli beMveli neSakhelo soLawulo), eliyalela iSebe, njengeziko likarhulumente, ukwabela iziko lobunkokheli bemveli iindima neemfanelo kulawulo lobulungisa. IBhili yeeNkundla zeMveli iza kukhuthazwa ePalamente ukuphumeza iingcamango zomgaqo-nkqubo eziqulathwe apha.
INgqungquthela yesizwe yooMantyi ebizwe liSebe ngoSeptemba 2007 eyayizimaswe ngabameli abangaphaya kwama-500, kuquka iijaji eziphezulu, oomantyi naBaphathiswa namagosa enkundla ukuvela kumazwe akhethiweyo e-SADC, yaxoxa kwezinye zeekhomishini zayo, ngokubaluleka kwendima yobunkokheli bemveli ekukhuthazeni ukubambana kwezentlalo nokujongana nokusombulula iingxabano. INgqungquthela yabona umgaqo-nkqubo namanyathelo omthetho athathiweyo ngale nkqubo njengezifundo ezibalulekileyo ezinokunceda ekwakheni ubumbano kwezentlalo nembuyekezo kumazwe ayesakuba neengxabano.
INgqungquthela, eyayisisiqalo sothethathethano olunzulu ngendima yeenkundla zemveli, yalandelwa zezinye iindibano zokucebisana xa iSebe lalidibana neNdlu yeSizwe neziNdlu zamaPhondo zeeNkokheli zeMveli ukuxoxa ngamanyathelo omgaqo-nkqubo ekufuneka adale isiseko somthetho ocingwayo.
INdlu yeSizwe yeeNkokheli zeMveli yayimelwe kwindibano nganye yokubonisana yamalungu eKomiti yoPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko eNdlu yeSizwe yeeNkokheli zeMveli. Indibano nganye yokubonisana yayivulwa ngokusesikweni nguSihlalo weNdlu yePhondo yeeNkokheli zeMveli echaphazelekayo. Ngaphandle kwabameli beenkokheli zemveli kwiphondo ngalinye, abameli bolawulo lweenkundla, igunya lokutshutshisa, aMaziko eSahluko 9 nombutho we-South African Association of Local Government (SALGA) babemenyiwe kananjalo, bazimasa yaye bathatha inxaxheba kwiingxoxo. Amacandelo amasebe amaphondo anoxanduva lwemicimbi yezemveli nawo kananjalo bekezimasa yaye ethatha inxaxheba kwiindibano.
Injongo yendibano yokucebisana.
Inkqubo ekhokhelela ekugqityweni kwesakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo nomthetho kusenzelwa ulawulo lobulungisa bemveli olungqinelana nomGaqo-siseko, njengoko kuchaziwe kwiSahluko 1.
Imingeni enjongene nenkqubo yolawulo lobulungisa bemveli njengangoku, njengoko kuchaziwe kwiSahluko 5.
Imiba echongiweyo enokuncedwa ngumgaqo-nkqubo, njengoko kuchaziwe kwiSahluko 6.
Iingxelo ezinzulu zokuphendula ezenziwa ziikhomishini ngokuzimeleyo neengxozo ezongezelelweyo ngokubanzi kwindibano yamaqela onke.
ukungqina ukubaluleka kwendima nemisebenzi yeziko lobunkokheli bemveli kulawulo lobulungisa; kwakunye nokurhola ngemibuzo izimvo ngemiba yomgaqo-siseko efuna ukuqwalaselwa.
Emva kwendibano nganye yokucebisana abathathi-nxaxheba bebecelwa nokukhuthazwa ukucebisana ngokongezelelweyo phakathi kweziseko ezixhasa inkqubo yobunkokheli bemveli kwimimandla yabo nokuthumela kwiSebe izimvo ezongezelelweyo eziqwalaselweyo ngemiba ephethweyo.
Ukuphuma kwizimvo ezinikwe kwindibano neminikelo ethunyelwe emva koko, bekukho ukuvumelana okucacileyo ngemiba eliqela ephathelele kwinkqubo yenkundla yemveli, phakathi kwezinye, ukwalathelwa kweenkokheli zemveli njengamagosa achophelayo eenkundla zemveli ngokusekwe ekulandeleni inkqubo yoqeqesho emiselweyo, uphuhliso lomgaqo wokuziphatha weenkokheli zemveli ezalathelwe ukuphumeza imisebenzi enxulumene nolawulo lobulungisa, ukubonelela ngenkqubo yokubhena phakathi koluhlu lwemigangatho yabasemagunyeni kwiziko lobunkokheli bemveli, nokuthintelwa kobumeli obusemthethweni kwiingxoxo phambi kweenkundla zemveli nokufaka entsebenzweni iinkqubo zokukhuthaza ukulingana ngokwesini. Nangona kunjalo, zazikhona izimvo eziphambukileyo phakathi kwamaphondo, ukwenza umzekelo amanye amaphondo ayebona ukuba izibheno kufuneka zihlelwe ngokusebenzisa iinkundla zoomantyi.
Zonke izimvo neminikelo ezenziwe ngethuba nasemva kweendibano zokubonisana malunga neziko lobunkokheli lemveli zithathelwe ingqalelo kwizindululo zomgaqo-nkqubo eziqulathwe kwisakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.20149.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Vredenburg Health District of the West Coast Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20174.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Bredasdorp/Swellendam Health District of the Boland Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20217.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This clinic operates in the Ceres/Tulbagh Health District of the Boland Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20241.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Worcester/Robertson Health District of the Boland Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20259.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Malmesbury Health District of the West Coast Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20318.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Klein Karoo Health District of the Southern Cape Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20322.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sibhedlele sisebenzela kwiSithili Sezempilo Esikumbindi weSixeko saseKapa Sommandla Wenqila. Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngesibhedlele iGroote Schuur, nceda utyelele iwebsite yesi sibhedlele.
Umntu onokuqhagamshelana naye nguMnumzana M.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20330.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
This clinic operates in the Greater Athlone Health District of the Metro Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20357.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Worcester/Robertson Health District of the Boland Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20380.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
This clinic operates in the Nyanga Health District of the Metro Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20392.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Malmesbury Health District of the West Coast Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20431.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Klein Karoo Health District of the Southern Cape Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20443.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Knysna/Plettenberg Bay Health District of the Southern Cape Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20596.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Ceres/Tulbagh Health District of the Boland Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20615.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
This hospital operates in the Bredasdorp/Swellendam Health District of the Boland Region.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20717.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.20718.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20722.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20724.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20727.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20729.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: T.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20731.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20734.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: T.E.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20735.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20738.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20742.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20743.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Sr. M.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20746.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: P.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20749.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni iRhafu Yengeniso?
Ngubani Ekufuneka Ebhalisele Ukuhlawula Irhafu?
Irhafu Yengeniso yimali esuka kumvuzo wakho oyihlawula kurhulumente, uyihlawulela ukwakhiwa kwemigaqo, izikolo, izibhedlele nokunye.
Kubungakanani bomvuzo wakho.
Kubudala bakho (ukuba ungaphantsi okanye ungaphezu kwama-65 eminyaka ubudala na).
Ekubeni ulilungu lengxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi okanye uhlawula ingxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi na.
Ingeniso esuka kwingqesho umzekelo, imivuzo, imali eyongezelelwe kumvuzo, ixesha elingaphaya kwelokusebenza amalungelo angaphaya komvuzo nezinye nje izixa othi uzufumane ingeniso esuka kwishishini okanye kwiintengiso ingeniso esuka kurhwebo; umzekelo; inzala; ingeniso esuka kwirente nezabelo ezisuka kumanye amazwe iingeniso zakho ozifumana ngonyaka imihlala-phantsi ingeniso esuka kwishishini lakho.
Ungabhalisela ukuhlawula irhafu yengeniso kwi-ofisi yeSARS ngokuthi ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo i-IT77. Uya kudinga ikopi yencwadana yakho yesazisi ke kwakunye nephetshana eliyi-IRP5. Ukubhalisa kwakho kuya kuqinisekiswa kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-21 ze emva koko unikwe inombolo yakho yerhafu.
Ukuba ufumana umvuzo ongaphezu kwama-R27 000 ngonyaka, uhlawula Irhafu Isite etsalwa kumvuzo wakho veki okanye nyanga zonke. Umqeshi wakho kufuneka abale ukuba yimalini na ekufuneka itsaliwe.
Ukuba ufumana umvuzo ongaphezu kwama-R60 000 ngonyaka, uya kuhlawula irhafu yeSITE kuma-R60 000 okuqala ze uhlawule iPAYE kuyo yonke into engenayo engaphezu kwama-R60 000. Isixa sePAYE osihlawulayo sixhomekeke ekubeni yimalini na umvuzo wakho yaye ibalwa ngokweetafile zerhafu ezinikezelwa liCandelo Leenkonzo Zengeniso yoMzantsi Afrika.
Kanye ngonyaka, umqeshi wakho uya kukunika isiqinisekiso sokuhlawula irhafu u-IRP5 esibonisa sonke isixa osifumene njengomvuzo wakho kwakunye nayo yonke irhafu etsaliweyo.
Usenakho kanti nokufumana ze ungenise amaphepha akho embuyekezo yerhafu nge-internet ngokuthi usebenzise inkqubo yeSARS Yokugcina Iimpepha Kwi-internet. Le nkqubo yeSARS ibizwa ngokuba yi-eFiling ke yinkqubo yokuqhuba inkonzo yokubuyiselwa kweempepha zerhafu. Ungabhalisela ukuyifumana le nkonzo ukuba sele ubhalisile njengommhlawuli werhafu. Uya kudinga inombolo yakho yokuhlawula irhafu kwakunye nenombolo yencwadana yakho yesazisi.
Xa ubuyisela iphetshana lokubuyiswa kwerhafu yakho, iSARS iya kujongisisa ukuba uhlawule isixa esaneleyo serhafu na. Ukuba uhlawule ngaphezulu kokuba kufuneka, uya kufumana imbuyekezo. Ukuba uhlawule enganelanga uya kucelwa ukuba uhlawule leyo isaseleyo. Usenakho nokuzilanda ezi mpepha kwi-ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSARS.
Ukuze ube nokufumana ezinye iinkcukacha, tyelela iwebsite yeSARS, utsalele Iziko Elamkela Iminxeba kwiNtshona Kapa kule nombolo 0860 12 12 18 okanye ke uqhagamshelane neyona ofisi yeSARS ikufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.20749.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni iRhafu Yengeniso?
Ngubani Ekufuneka Ebhalisele Ukuhlawula Irhafu?
Irhafu Yengeniso yimali esuka kumvuzo wakho oyihlawula kurhulumente, uyihlawulela ukwakhiwa kwemigaqo, izikolo, izibhedlele nokunye.
Kubungakanani bomvuzo wakho.
Kubudala bakho (ukuba ungaphantsi okanye ungaphezu kwama-65 eminyaka ubudala na).
Ekubeni ulilungu lengxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi okanye uhlawula ingxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi na.
ingeniso esuka kwishishini lakho.
Ungabhalisela ukuhlawula irhafu yengeniso kwi-ofisi yeSARS ngokuthi ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo i-IT77. Uya kudinga ikopi yencwadana yakho yesazisi ke kwakunye nephetshana eliyi-IRP5. Ukubhalisa kwakho kuya kuqinisekiswa kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-21 ze emva koko unikwe inombolo yakho yerhafu.
iPAYE (Pay As You Earn).
Ukuba ufumana umvuzo ongaphezu kwama-R27 000 ngonyaka, uhlawula Irhafu Isite etsalwa kumvuzo wakho veki okanye nyanga zonke. Umqeshi wakho kufuneka abale ukuba yimalini na ekufuneka itsaliwe.
Ukuba ufumana umvuzo ongaphezu kwama-R60 000 ngonyaka, uya kuhlawula irhafu yeSITE kuma-R60 000 okuqala ze uhlawule iPAYE kuyo yonke into engenayo engaphezu kwama-R60 000. Isixa sePAYE osihlawulayo sixhomekeke ekubeni yimalini na umvuzo wakho yaye ibalwa ngokweetafile zerhafu ezinikezelwa liCandelo Leenkonzo Zengeniso yoMzantsi Afrika.
Kanye ngonyaka, umqeshi wakho uya kukunika isiqinisekiso sokuhlawula irhafu u-IRP5 esibonisa sonke isixa osifumene njengomvuzo wakho kwakunye nayo yonke irhafu etsaliweyo.
Ukuba ufumana umvuzo ongaphezu kwe-R60 000 ngonyaka, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubuyiswa kwerhafu ze ulithumele neziqinisekiso zakho ze-IRP 5 kwiSARS.
Kufuneka ubhalise kwi-SARS phambi kokuba ugcwalise iphetshana lokubuyiswa kwerhafu. Ukuba sele ubhalisile, iimpepha zakho zokubuyiswa kwerhafu ziya kuthunyelwa kuwe ngeposi. Unakho nokuzilanda iimpepha ezo kwi-ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSARS.
Uya kufumana imiyalelo eneenkcukacha ngokugcwalisa ezi mpepha zokubuyiswa kwerhafu.
Usenakho kanti nokufumana ze ungenise amaphepha akho embuyekezo yerhafu nge-internet ngokuthi usebenzise inkqubo yeSARS Yokugcina Iimpepha Kwi-internet. Le nkqubo yeSARS ibizwa ngokuba yi-eFiling ke yinkqubo yokuqhuba inkonzo yokubuyiselwa kweempepha zerhafu. Ungabhalisela ukuyifumana le nkonzo ukuba sele ubhalisile njengommhlawuli werhafu. Uya kudinga inombolo yakho yokuhlawula irhafu kwakunye nenombolo yencwadana yakho yesazisi.
Xa ubuyisela iphetshana lokubuyiswa kwerhafu yakho, iSARS iya kujongisisa ukuba uhlawule isixa esaneleyo serhafu na. Ukuba uhlawule ngaphezulu kokuba kufuneka, uya kufumana imbuyekezo. Ukuba uhlawule enganelanga uya kucelwa ukuba uhlawule leyo isaseleyo. Usenakho nokuzilanda ezi mpepha kwi-ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSARS.
lokungayidizi yonke ingeniso yakho kwiphetshana lokubuyiswa kwerhafu.
Ukuze ube nokufumana ezinye iinkcukacha, tyelela iwebsite yeSARS, utsalele Iziko Elamkela Iminxeba kwiNtshona Kapa kule nombolo 0860 12 12 18 okanye ke uqhagamshelane neyona ofisi yeSARS ikufutshane nawe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20755.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr D.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20757.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20759.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20761.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20766.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: C.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20767.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: MR M.R.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20771.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: V.M.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20774.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr A.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20776.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: V.R.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20779.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: V.M.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20785.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20786.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr S.W.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20792.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mrs M.T.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20794.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20797.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20798.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: A.K.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20799.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: X.B.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20802.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Ms N. Manqaba/ P.M.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20803.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: C.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20805.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Miss T.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20810.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: S.A.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20811.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20812.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr E.I.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20813.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr M.Z.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20815.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr P.V.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20829.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yolu xwebhu kukwazi abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngesibhambathiso sabo serhafu yabo yengeniso. Luquka ulwazi olukuxelela ukuba kunini na apho ulindeleke ukuba uhlawule irhafu yengeniso, iintlobo zerhafu yengeniso onokuzihlawuliswa, ukubuyiswa kwamaphepha eenkcukacha zokuhlawula irhafu, indlela yokuhlawula irhafu yengeniso, iSITE nePAYE kwakunye nerhafu yexeshana. Olu xwebhu ke lusafumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphela.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20832.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi zizikhokelo eziza kukuncedisa ugcwalise iimpepha zakho zonyaka werhafu u-2005/06. Zisixhenxe ke iintlobo zezi mpepha zineenkcukacha zomhlawuli-rhafu kufuneka zingenisiwe, yaye zahlulwe ngokwemibala.
<fn>GOV-ZA.20954.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20959.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mrs A.F.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20980.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: S.W.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20988.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: L.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20995.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20997.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr L.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.20999.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mrs J.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21002.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mrs L.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21015.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: L.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21035.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr K.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21042.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21045.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: C.D.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21061.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr M.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21083.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21086.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr G.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21088.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Ms.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21089.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuzama ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwecesina emthubi, abahambi abanqumla imida yamazwe apho icesina emthubi igqugqisa khona kufuneka besigonyelwe esi sifo.
Siyintoni iSiqinisekiso seCesina eMthubi?
wenzeka ntoni xa ungenaso esi siqinisekiso?
Icesina eMthubi yintsholongwane eza nengcongconi i-Aedes ekhokelela ekufeni kumalunga nama- 25% amaxhoba ayo. Akukho lunyango luqingqiweyo lwayo, kodwa ugonyo lusebenza kakhulu.
Umthetho Wamazwe ngamazwe ufuna abahambi abanqumla imida yamazwe apho icesina emthubi isoloko ikho. Emva kokuba ugonyiwe uya kunikwa iSiqinisekiso Sokugonyelwa iCesina eMthubi.
Isiqinisekiso esi sisebenza kuphela emva kweentsuku ezilishumi emva kogonyo yaye sisebenze iminyaka elishumi emva koko.
Ukuba ubukhe wahamba-hamba kwingingqi yeCesina eMthubi kwiintsuku ezintandathu phambi kokuba ukhanuke ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika, kuya kufuneka ukuba ubonise Isiqinisekiso seCesina eMthubi xa ungena ilizwe eli.
Amakhosikazi akhulelweyo, abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka ubudala nabantu abangadibaniyo nolu gonyo ngenxa yeengozi olunokuzenza empilweni yabo nasemaqandeni kuba enganyanzelekanga ukuba alufumane olu gonyo. Kuseza kufuneka ukuba usifumane isiqinisekiso kwiziko lolu gonyo esixela ukuba wena awuludingi.
kugonyelwa iCesina eMthubi ngentlawulo ephuma engxoweni yakho.
Ukuba akukho Gosa leZibuko lezeMpilo kwindawo apho eli lizwe ulingenele khona, uyakwalelwa ukungena eMzantsi Afrika.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21089.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuzama ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwecesina emthubi, abahambi abanqumla imida yamazwe apho icesina emthubi igqugqisa khona kufuneka besigonyelwe esi sifo.
Ingaba ukhona umntu ongenakuba nayo uCesina eMthubi wenzeka ntoni xa ungenaso esi siqinisekiso?
Icesina eMthubi yintsholongwane eza nengcongconi i-Aedes ekhokelela ekufeni kumalunga nama- 25% amaxhoba ayo. Akukho lunyango luqingqiweyo lwayo, kodwa ugonyo lusebenza kakhulu.
Umthetho Wamazwe ngamazwe ufuna abahambi abanqumla imida yamazwe apho icesina emthubi isoloko ikho. Emva kokuba ugonyiwe uya kunikwa iSiqinisekiso Sokugonyelwa iCesina eMthubi.
Isiqinisekiso esi sisebenza kuphela emva kweentsuku ezilishumi emva kogonyo yaye sisebenze iminyaka elishumi emva koko.
Ukuba ubukhe wahamba-hamba kwingingqi yeCesina eMthubi kwiintsuku ezintandathu phambi kokuba ukhanuke ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika, kuya kufuneka ukuba ubonise Isiqinisekiso seCesina eMthubi xa ungena ilizwe eli.
kugcinwa phantsi koqwalaselo iintsuku ezintandathu ngentlawulo ephuma engxoweni yakho, okanye kugonyelwa iCesina eMthubi ngentlawulo ephuma engxoweni yakho.
Ukuba akukho Gosa leZibuko lezeMpilo kwindawo apho eli lizwe ulingenele khona, uyakwalelwa ukungena eMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>GOV-ZA.21092.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mrs A.F.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21094.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21095.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21096.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21097.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21098.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: MR Q.W.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21099.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr K. H.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21102.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21104.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21108.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr Q.W.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21109.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21110.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21114.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21116.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21117.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21118.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21119.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21120.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21121.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21131.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21134.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21141.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr Q.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21142.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr A.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21143.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21144.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Mr V. O.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21145.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21149.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21151.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21152.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21154.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21155.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21160.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21164.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21166.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21167.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21171.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21172.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21175.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21178.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21180.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21182.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21183.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21186.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21188.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21191.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21193.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21195.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21197.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21199.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21205.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21206.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21207.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21212.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21213.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21215.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Urhulumente > uRhulumente Wephondo leNtshona Kapa > iSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Kapa > Izixhobo > Izikolo Zabafundi Abanezidingo Ezizodwa > St.
The contact person is: Ms.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21220.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The contact person is: Ms B.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21224.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21226.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21227.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.21323.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Imisebenzi kaRhulumente, idweliswa ngokwamabakala.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lale projekthi, okuya kuqwalaselwa iya kuba lurhwebo oludityanelweyo lwe-IT, uthungelwano kulwakhiwo kunye nempembelelo kumgaqo-nkqubo we-IT. Kwinqanaba lesibini, eyona mimandla eyakuthi iqwalaselwe iya kuba luphuhliso loshishino lwe-IT nophuhliso lwezakhono kwi-IT. Eyona ndawo yokuqala eyakuthi iqwalaselwe kukubhexeshwa kweli qela.
Le yiprojekthi yezibonelelo zomsebenzi kubuchwepheshe nehlola ukuba nokwamkelwa kothungelwano olufanayo nomzekelo we- Malaysian Multimedia Corridor model.
Abemi kunye namashishini afuna ulwazi olusuka kurhulumente. ICape Gateway yindlela enye yokufikelela kwimiba emalunga neenkonzo zikarhulumente, amaphulo kunye nokushicilelweyo. Ukufikeleleka kolwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente kungenza ukuba urhulumente wephondo aphucule ukunikezela ngeenkonzo kwaye kunganceda nasekudaleni indawo eyakhayo ekukhuleni koqoqosho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21323.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imisebenzi kaRhulumente, idweliswa ngokwamabakala.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lale projekthi, okuya kuqwalaselwa iya kuba lurhwebo oludityanelweyo lwe-IT, uthungelwano kulwakhiwo kunye nempembelelo kumgaqo-nkqubo we-IT. Kwinqanaba lesibini, eyona mimandla eyakuthi iqwalaselwe iya kuba luphuhliso loshishino lwe-IT nophuhliso lwezakhono kwi-IT. Eyona ndawo yokuqala eyakuthi iqwalaselwe kukubhexeshwa kweli qela. Imisebenzi ejikeleze oku iquka iziganeko ezinjengemiboniso...
Abemi kunye namashishini afuna ulwazi olusuka kurhulumente. ICape Gateway yindlela enye yokufikelela kwimiba emalunga neenkonzo zikarhulumente, amaphulo kunye nokushicilelweyo. Ukufikeleleka kolwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente kungenza ukuba urhulumente wephondo aphucule ukunikezela ngeenkonzo kwaye kunganceda nasekudaleni indawo eyakhayo ekukhuleni koqoqosho. Eli sango liqulethe ulwazi olusebenziseka lula malunga norhulumente...
<fn>GOV-ZA.21343.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukususela kwinyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2003, bonke abasebenzi basemakhitshini abasebenza iiyure ezingaphaya kwama-24 ngenyanga kufuneka babhaliselwe I-UIF. Oku kuquka abasebenza ngamaxesha athile kunye nabo basebenza isigxina.
Ukuba abasebenzi basemakhitshini ababhaliswanga kule ngxowa-mali yaye ukuba abaqeshi kunye nabasebenzi basemakhitshini abancedisi kule ngxowa-mali nyanga nganye njengoko kulindelekile, iSbebe leMisebenzi linokunyanzela ukuba bahlawule intywenka eninzi njengesohlwayo.
Ukuba umsebenzi wasemakhitshini usebenela abantu abagqithileyo kwisinye, bonke aba baqeshi kufuneka bencedisile kule Ngxowa-mali.
Izibonelelo zokuswelekelwa - ukuba umsebenzi wasemakhitshini oncedisileyo kule ngxowa-mali uthi asweleke, abantu okanye abantwana abaxhomekeke kuye banokufaka amabango.
Izibonelelo zokuhoyana nomntwana ocelwe kubanzali bakhe bemvelo njengelungu elitsha losapho lwakho - umsebenzi oncedisayo kwingxowa-mali le onikwe abantwana ukuba abakhulise njengomzali wabo omtsha, abantwana abo abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ubudala angafaka ibango ukuba uthatha ikhefu elingahlawulelwayo ukuya kuhoyana nomntwana/nabantwana abo.
Izibonelelo zokukhulelwa - Umsebenzi wasemakhitshini okhulelweyo unokufaka ibango ngokukhulelwa ngaphambi nasemva kokuba umntwana lowo ebelekiwe.
Isixa onokusibanga sixhomekeke ebudeni bexesha oyincedise ngalo ingxowa-mali le. Uya kuhlawulwa ngokweepesenti (ukuya kufika kuma-58%) yomvuzo wosuku ngeentsuku ezintndaathu oziphangeleyo ngelixa uncedisa kule ngxowa-mali.
Luxanduva lomqeshi ukubhalisa umsebenzi wakhe wasemakhitshini kwiNgxowa-mali Yokhuselo Lwabangasaphangeliyo.
Ukuze ubhalise kuya kufuneka ube nenombolo yencwadi yakho yesazisi kunye neyomsebenzi wakho wasemakhitshini kwakunye nezinye iinkcukacha. Iphetshana lesicelo u-UI8D kufuneka ligcwalisiwe kunye neenkcukacha zomqeshi kwakunye nephetshana lesicelo u-UI19D kufuneka ligcwalisiwe kunye neenkcukacha zomsebenzi wasemakhiyshini.
Uwathumele ngefeksi kule nombolo 012 337 1636.
La maphetshana esicelo asenokuthunyelwa kuwe ngefeksi. Cofa inombolo 086 712 2000 ze ulandele imiyalelo, emva koko amaphetshana esicelo ayakuthunyelwa kuwe. Ukuba la maphetshana uwafumama ngale ndlela, kufuneka uwathumele sele uwagcwalisile ngefeksi kule nombolo 086 713 3000.
Unokubhalisa ngokutsalela umnxeba kule nombolo 012 337 1680 ngamaxesha omsebenzi. Kuya kufuneka iinombolo zeencwadi zezazisi kumqeshwa nomqeshi.
Usenako nokubhalisa ngekhompyutha. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ugcwalise iphepha lokubhalisa elikwikhompyutha. Emva koko uya kunikwa kunikwa igama lokungena kwikhompyutha kunye negama lakho eliyimfihlo lekhompyutha. I-akhawunti negama lakho lekhompyutha eliyimfihlo ziya kwenziwa zisebenze ngeeyure ezingama-48 ubhalisile. Unako ke ngoko ukuthumela iinkcukacha ngekhompyutha.
Nyanga zonke umqeshi uhlawula uncedisa I-1% yesixa asihlawula umsebenzi wakhe wasemakhitshini kwingxowa-mali le. Umsebenzi wasemakhitshihni naye uhlawula I-1%. Luxanduva lomqeshi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi ntlawulo ziyahlawulwa.
Ezi mali zokuncedisa kufuneka zihlawulwe phambi komhla we-7 nyanga nganye. Okanye, ezi mali zisenokuhlawulwa ngaphambi kwexesha rhoqo mhlawumbi ngeenyangaq ezi-3, ezi-6 okanye ezi-12. Abaqeshi ababhaliswe ngezizathu zokuhlawula irhafu kufuneka bazenze ezabo iintlawulo kwi-ofisi yeeNkonzo zeNgeniso yoMzantsi Afrika. Abo baqeshi bangabhaliselwanga kuhlawula rhafu kufuneka iintlawulo zabo bazenze ngqo kwi-UIF. Ukuba ungathanda ukwenza iintlawulo zakho kanye ngonyaka kunanyanga zonke, kuya kufuneka uthumele isicelo kwi-annual.upfront@labour.gov.za. Kufuneka ufake nenombolo-mbhalo yomqeshi wakho kulo myalezo.
Ukuba ungumsebenzi wasemakhitshini obhalisiweyo kule ngxowa-mali yaye ubusoloko uzikhupha iintlawulo ezifunwayo, unokufaka izicelo zamabango okugula, ukukhulelwa, ukufumana umntwana ngokumcela kubazali bakhe uzikhulisele njengowakho kwakunye nezibonelelo zokuxhomekeka.
nesiqinisekiso sokusebenza esisuka kumqeshi wakho nephetshana lesicelo eligcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo nephetshana lesicelo u-UI 19 elineenkcukacha zakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.21511.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abaqeshwa abangamakhosikazi banelungelo lekhefu lokuya kubeleka leenyanga ezine. Eli khefu lingaqala kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku umntwana alindeleke ngalo futhi umqeshwa akanakunyanzeliswa ukuba abuyele emsebenzini de agqibe iiveki ezintandathu emva kokufumana umntwana lowo.
Umqeshwa othi afumane sele engasaphili angahlala kwikhefu lokubeleka iiveki de zibe ntandathu emva koko kubeleka okanye ahlale ixesha elidana ukuba omnye wabasebenzi kwezempilo uveza ukuba oko kunyanzelekile ngenxa yempilo nokhuseleko lukamama lowo.
Ikhefu lokuya kubeleka lingahlawulelwa okanye lingahlawulelwa. Ukuba umqeshwa lowo ebelifaka igalelo kwiNgxowa-mali Yokhuseleko Kwintswela-ngqesho, uya kuba nakho ukufaka ibango lezibonelelo ngexesha ekwikhefu lokuya kubeleka.
Umqashi angaqesha omnye umntu endaweni yalo mzalikazi okwexeshana ukuba enze imisebeinzi yakhe ngeli xesha engekabuyi kwikhefu lakhe.
Ootata bangafaka ibango leentsuku ezintathu lokujongana nosapho ekuzalweni kweentsana zabo.
Abazali abafumene umntwana kolunye usapho ukuba abe ngumntwana wabo omtsha bobabini bangacela iintsuku ezintathu zekhefu lokujongana nosapho emva kokwamkelwa komntwana lowo.
Ukuba sele usenza amalungiselelo kamama okanye katata okuya kwikhefu lokubeleka okanye lokujongana nosapho, kufuneka wazise umqashi wakho ngosuku umntwana wakho alindeleke ngalo.
Abaqeshwa abakwikhefu lokuya kubeleka nabo kufuneka bazise abaqashi babo ngembalelwano ukuba kulindeleke ukuba babuyele nini na emisebenzini.
Ooyise nabazali babantwana abacelwe kwezinye iintsapho ukuba babe ngamalungu amatsha eentsapho zabo abafuna ukuthabatha ikhefu lokojongana neentsapho zabo banokulindeleka ukuba banikezele ngobungqina besidingo selo khefu.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21511.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abaqeshwa abangamakhosikazi banelungelo lekhefu lokuya kubeleka leenyanga ezine. Eli khefu lingaqala kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku umntwana alindeleke ngalo futhi umqeshwa akanakunyanzeliswa ukuba abuyele emsebenzini de agqibe iiveki ezintandathu emva kokufumana umntwana lowo.
Umqeshwa othi afumane sele engasaphili angahlala kwikhefu lokubeleka iiveki de zibe ntandathu emva koko kubeleka okanye ahlale ixesha elidana ukuba omnye wabasebenzi kwezempilo uveza ukuba oko kunyanzelekile ngenxa yempilo nokhuseleko lukamama lowo.
Ikhefu lokuya kubeleka lingahlawulelwa okanye lingahlawulelwa. Ukuba umqeshwa lowo ebelifaka igalelo kwiNgxowa-mali Yokhuseleko Kwintswela-ngqesho, uya kuba nakho ukufaka ibango lezibonelelo ngexesha ekwikhefu lokuya kubeleka.
Umqashi angaqesha omnye umntu endaweni yalo mzalikazi okwexeshana ukuba enze imisebeinzi yakhe ngeli xesha engekabuyi kwikhefu lakhe.
Ootata bangafaka ibango leentsuku ezintathu lokujongana nosapho ekuzalweni kweentsana zabo.
Abazali abafumene umntwana kolunye usapho ukuba abe ngumntwana wabo omtsha bobabini bangacela iintsuku ezintathu zekhefu lokujongana nosapho emva kokwamkelwa komntwana lowo.
Ukuba sele usenza amalungiselelo kamama okanye katata okuya kwikhefu lokubeleka okanye lokujongana nosapho, kufuneka wazise umqashi wakho ngosuku umntwana wakho alindeleke ngalo.
Abaqeshwa abakwikhefu lokuya kubeleka nabo kufuneka bazise abaqashi babo ngembalelwano ukuba kulindeleke ukuba babuyele nini na emisebenzini.
Ooyise nabazali babantwana abacelwe kwezinye iintsapho ukuba babe ngamalungu amatsha eentsapho zabo abafuna ukuthabatha ikhefu lokojongana neentsapho zabo banokulindeleka ukuba banikezele ngobungqina besidingo selo khefu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.21831.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sibonelelo sinikezelwa siSixeko saseKapa njengenkonzo engahlawulelwayo kwimibutho yoluntu ngaphakathi kuMmandla woLawulo lweNqila yeKapa. Ungaposa iinkcukacha malunga neziganeko zakho zonyuso lwengxowa-mali kwaye ziya kudweliswa kule khalenda. Ukufaka isiganeko esithile, kuya kufuneka ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ethile kuqhagamshelwano ngekhompyutha. Igosa lebhunga liya kuqinisekisa iinkcukacha malunga nesi siganeko size sidweliswe kuluhlu olukwikhalenda.
<fn>GOV-ZA.21837.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke izigqibo ngomgaqo-nkqubo kwiSixeko saseKapa ziyafumaneka kuqhagamshelwano ngekhompyutha.
Ungafuna isigqibo esithile usebenzisa igama elisisihloko kwisibonelelo sokufuna okanye ungakhangela uluhlu lwemigaqo-nkqubo kwiindidi zemigaqo-nkqubo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21873.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umaspala unoxanduva lokujongana nokulawula ukungcoliswa kwendalo, ukungcoliswa kweelwandle kwakunye nokuchithwa kwamachiza emizi-mveliso kule ngingqi.
iSixeko saseKapa sijongana Nomgangatho Womoya ze sithelekise iziphumo zezifundo zamihla le nezikhokelo ezamkelwa kwihlabathi jikelele. Esi sixeko sibonelela ngenkonzo ngezifundo zomgangatho womoya esizikhupha kwi-internet ezithi zinikezele ngeenkcukacha zexesha lokwenene kwakunye nezishankathelo zosuku olungaphambili. Iingxelo zenyanga kwakunye neengxelo zeentshkumo zonyaka (apho amanqanaba okungcoliswa agqithisayo kwizikhokelo ezamkelekileyo) nazo ziyafumaneka.
Ungafikelela kwezi nkcukacha ngokuthi usebenzise iwebsite yeSixeko saseKapa. Usenakho kanti nokuqhagamshelana neZiko Elijongene Nomgangatho Womoya kule nombolo yomnxeba 021 930 4821.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha okanye ukuze ufake isikhalazo, qhagamshelana nathi kule nombolo 021 402 3911.
Izikhalazo ngokuchitheka kwe-oli zinganikezelwa kule nombolo yomnxeba 021 703 813 okanye ke kule 021 703 5864.
Ukuze unikezele ingxelo ngemeko engxamisekileyo emva kwexesha lomsebenzi tsalela le nombolo 021 703 3070 or 021 703 8313.
Xa ufuna ukunikezela ingxelo ngokuchithakala kwamachiza aphuma kwimizi-mveliso, machiza law afana neencindi nepetrol, kwisixeko saseKapa, tsalela le nombolo 083 629 4281.
<fn>GOV-ZA.21883.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke izicwangciso zezakhiwo kufuneka zibe phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente wekhaya. Urhulumente weSixeko saseKapa uqwalasela intlaninge yemiba ngaphambi kokuba aphumeze izicwangciso zezakhiwo, miba leyo iquka ifuthe lolo phuhliso ndawonye neziphumo kwimpilo yendalo engqongileyo.
Imithetho enento yokwenza nezicwangciso kwakunye nokuqulunqa izicwangciso zokwakha ukungeniswa kwezicwangciso ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo zoguntyulo-lindle amacala kwakunye nobude begumbi iimfuno zomoya opholileyo iimfuno zokukhanyisa kwendalo iikhokelo zamagumbi neengingqi zenkukuma izixhobo zabantu abakhubazekileyo uhlobo lwabantu abaza kuhlala apho kwanokuyilwa kwalo iindawo zomoya opholileyo ukuyilwa kwesithiyeli segrisi igumbi lokutshayela okanye ke iimfuno zeengingqi.
Izicwangciso zezakhiwo azinakho ukuthunyelwa ngeposi njengoko kufuneka zingeniswe kwikhompyutha ngumbhali-zakhiwo. Ayivumelekanga itippex, izinamathelisi okanye iindawo ezishiywe nje zingagcwaliswanga ngeempendulo kuzo naziphi na izicwangciso.
Nayiphi na eminye imibuzo/iintlawulo: 08.00 ukuya 12.
Imibuzo Ngezicwangciso Zezakhiwo: 021 710 9436.
<fn>GOV-ZA.21887.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSixeko saseKapa sinikezela ngenombolo enye yeenkonzo ezingxamisekileyo engahlawulelwayo kubantu abahlala kule ngingqi.
ukuba ukweyiphi na ingingqi yokunikezelwa kweenkonzo.
Umntu ophendula loo mnxeba wakho uya kuba nakho ukwazi ingxingwa okuyo ze ke athumele umnxeba lowo, ndawonye ke neenkcukacha athe wazihlanganisa, kwicandelo elifanelekileyo leenkonzo zamapolisa, ezokucinywa kwemililo nezezithuthi zezigulana.
Iziko elinikezela loo nkonzo uyidingayo liya kuyazi ngqo ingxingwa okuyo ze ke lithumele uncedo olufanelekileyo.
Abahlali beSixeko saseKapa bangatsalela le nombolo 107 xa bekwimeko edinga uncedo olungxamisekileyo besebenzisa umnxeba wendlu okanye le 021 480 7700 xa besebenzisa umnxeba wesinqe.
Kulungele ukunikezela iinkcukacha ngale ngxingwa.
Musa ukuwubeka phantsi umnxeba de kutshiwo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21955.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni iNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela?
Ngubani onokufaka ibango kule ngxowa-mali?
Ungayifumanela ukwenza ntoni imali?
Libango lemali engakanani onokulifaka?
Ibango liphunyezwa emva kwexesha elingakanani?
Ulifaka njani ibango kule Ngxowa-mali?
Lifakwa phi ibango?
Ukuba umntu wonzakele okanye ubulewe kwingozi yemoto ngenxa yokungakhathali komqhubi ochaphazelekayo, yena okanye usapho lwakhe banokufaka ibango lembuyekezo kwi- Ngxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba umqhubi waloo moto akanawo amalungiselelo e-inshorensi, unokufumana imali engakunceda uhlawulele iindleko zakho zonyango nokukubuyekeza ngexesha ongenakho ngalo ukusebenza.
Ingxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela linyathelo loluntu elenzelwe ukuhlawula imbuyekezo kubantu abonzakele kwiingozi zendlela okanye kubantu abebexhomekeke kwabo basweleke kwiingozi zendlela ezenziwe kukuqhutywa ngokungakhathali kwemoto eMzantsi Afrika. Ingxowa-mali le iyifumana imali yayo kwirhafu yamafutha ezithuthi esele ifakiwe kwixabiso lepetrol nelediesel.
Ungafaka ibango ukuba ubukhe wonzakala kwingozi yemoto.
Abantu abebexhomekeke kuwe banakho nabo ukufaka amabango ukuba wabulawa kuloo ngozi.
Unokufaka ibango ukuba ubukhe wachaphazeleka kwingozi njengomqhubi, umkhweli okanye umhambi ngeenyawo.
Kunokubakho ibango kuphela ukuba ingozi leyo yenzeka ngenxa yokuqhuba ngokungakhathali komnye umntu. Awukwazi kufaka bango ukuba nguwe owenze loo ngozi. Awunakukwazi kufaka bango naxa inguwe wedwa futhi yimoto yakho yodwa ebikuloo ngozi, umzekelo, ukuba ugilise ipali.
Ukuba ubungumqhubi kule ngozi kodwa ungengomnini wamoto yaye ingozi le yenzeke ngenxa yokungakhathali komnini lowo (umzekelo, ububa akakhange azilungise iziqhoboshi) futhi wena wonzakele, unakho ke ukufaka ibango.
lokulahlekelwa yinkxaso - ukuba umntu obebonelela usapho ngenkxaso usutywa kukufa kwingozi edalwe ngomnye umntu, abantu abebexhomekeke kumfi lowo banakho ukufaka amabango okulahlekelwa yinkxaso.
Ukuba nawe unenxaxheba ekudalekeni kwengozi leyo, usenakho ukufaka ibango kodwa uya kubuyekezwa kuphela umonakalo othile. Umzekelo, ukuba unenxaxheba engu-50%, uya kufumana kuphela i50% yomonakalo. Ukuba ube nenxaxheba engu-25%, uya kufumana imbuyekezo yomonakalo oyi-75%.
Awunakho ukufaka ibango lomonakalo odalwe kwimoto okanye impahla yakho. Ukuze ufumane imali yoku, kufuneka umangalele umqhubi wemoto edale ingozi leyo. Ukuba unamalungiselelo e-inshorensi, I-inshorensi yakhe iya kukuhlawula. Ukuba akanayo, kuya kufuneka akuhlawule yena buqu.
Zingozi ezidalwe kukungakhathali komntu othile ezinokukhokelela ekuveleni kwamathuba okufaka amabango kule Ngxowa-mali. Ngoko ke kufuneka uze nobungqina bokuba umntu othile akakhange akhathale. Ukwenza oku ngokuza nobungqina bokuba umqhubi akakhange ayiqhube ngendlela umqhubi osezingqondweni ebenokuyiqhuba ngayo imoto yakhe kweza meko.
Ukuba ubungekho kwimoto edale loo ngozi, iNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela ayinamlinganiselo kwimbuyekezo yomonakalo onokuwubanga.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu okubonelela ngezixhaso ebekhwele kwimoto edale ingozi leyo, awunakubanga ngaphezu kwe-R25 000. Unokubanga kuphela imali oyichithileyo okanye oseza kuyichitha ngenxa yengozi leyo, umzekelo, amatyala esibhedlele nawakagqirha osele uwahlawule.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu okubonelela ngezixhaso ebengumkhweli ohlawulayo okanye ukuba ubukuloo moto ngenxa yomsebenzi, unokubanga kuphela I-R25 000, kodwa usenakho ukumangalela umqhubi lo ungakhange aqhube ngenkathalo. Kusenjalo, awukwazi kumangalela umqeshi wakho.
Ukufaka ibango kule Ngxowa-mali yinkqubo enzima yaye le Ngxowa-mali ijonga-jongana namabango amaninzi, ngoko ke kunokuthatha ixesha elide ukuba imali yakho ihlawulwe. Ingxowa-mali le ineentsuku ezingama-120 zokuphanda inyewe leyo emva kokufakwa kwebango elo, phambi kokuba inkqubo yokugqibela ingahambela phambili.
Unofaka ibango kule Ngxowa-mali ngokwakho okanye unokufumana igqwetha likufakele ibango kodwa kuya kufuneka uzihlawulele ezo nkonzo. Kukho amagosa olwazi kuzo zonke ii-ofisi zale ngxowa-mali anokukunceda simahla.
Kufuneka ulenze eli bango kwiminyaka nje emithathu emva kosuku lwengozi, ukuba uyamazi umntu oyidalileyo loo ngozi. Ukuba awumazi umqhubi okanye umnini wemoto odale loo ngozi, kufuneka ufake ibango kwiminyaka nje emibini emva kosuku lwengozi le.
Ufaka ibango ngokugcwalisa iPhetshana leBango (u-Form 1). Wonke ogcwaliswayo kweli phetshana kufuneka ugcwalisiwe. Ugqirha okunyangileyo emva nje kwengozi kufuneka agcwalise icandelo lengxelo yezonyango leli phetshana. Kufuneka futhi utyikitye kweli phetshana.
Ufumana ingxelo yophando ukuba kukho umntu owasutywa kukufa kuloo ngozi.
Nephepha lokubekwa ityala elisuka emapoliseni.
Nazo zonke iingxelo zamatyala, iziqinisekiso zokuhlawula kunye neemali zokuthenga ezingqina iindleko zonyango kwakunye nezesibhedlele.
Nencwadi yembalelwano esuka kugqirha echaza ukuba uza kuhlawula malini na kwiindleko zonyango kwixesha elizayo ngenxa yale ngozi.
Nomzobo wendawo yengozi yengozi leyo.
Negama lesikhululo samapolisa apho ingozi le yaxelwa khona, inombolo yetyala yamapolisa kunye nengxelo yamapolisa.
Nencwadi yembalelwano esuka kumqeshi wakho echaza imali ekulahlekeleyo ngenxa yemivuzo ongayihlawulwanga.
Nemvume ebhalwe phantsi oza kuyibhalela isibhedlele ukuba sivumele iNgxowa-mali le ukuba iphicothe iimpepha zakho zonyango.
Inttho efungelweyo esuka kumntu lo ufaka ibango nakuwo nawaphi na amangqina.
Ungalifaka ibango lakho okanye ufune ulwazi oluphangaleleyo kwii-ofisi zaleNgxowa-mali eKapa.
7th Floor, No.
Ungasikhangela isimo sebango lakho online.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.21955.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni iNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela?
Ngubani onokufaka ibango kule ngxowa-mali?
Ungayifumanela ukwenza ntoni imali?
Ibango liphunyezwa emva kwexesha elingakanani?
Ulifaka njani ibango kule Ngxowa-mali?
Lifakwa phi ibango?
Ukuba umntu wonzakele okanye ubulewe kwingozi yemoto ngenxa yokungakhathali komqhubi ochaphazelekayo, yena okanye usapho lwakhe banokufaka ibango lembuyekezo kwi- Ngxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba umqhubi waloo moto akanawo amalungiselelo e-inshorensi, unokufumana imali engakunceda uhlawulele iindleko zakho zonyango nokukubuyekeza ngexesha ongenakho ngalo ukusebenza.
Ingxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela linyathelo loluntu elenzelwe ukuhlawula imbuyekezo kubantu abonzakele kwiingozi zendlela okanye kubantu abebexhomekeke kwabo basweleke kwiingozi zendlela ezenziwe kukuqhutywa ngokungakhathali kwemoto eMzantsi Afrika. Ingxowa-mali le iyifumana imali yayo kwirhafu yamafutha ezithuthi esele ifakiwe kwixabiso lepetrol nelediesel.
Ungafaka ibango ukuba ubukhe wonzakala kwingozi yemoto.
Abantu abebexhomekeke kuwe banakho nabo ukufaka amabango ukuba wabulawa kuloo ngozi.
Unokufaka ibango ukuba ubukhe wachaphazeleka kwingozi njengomqhubi, umkhweli okanye umhambi ngeenyawo.
Kunokubakho ibango kuphela ukuba ingozi leyo yenzeka ngenxa yokuqhuba ngokungakhathali komnye umntu. Awukwazi kufaka bango ukuba nguwe owenze loo ngozi. Awunakukwazi kufaka bango naxa inguwe wedwa futhi yimoto yakho yodwa ebikuloo ngozi, umzekelo, ukuba ugilise ipali.
Ukuba ubungumqhubi kule ngozi kodwa ungengomnini wamoto yaye ingozi le yenzeke ngenxa yokungakhathali komnini lowo (umzekelo, ububa akakhange azilungise iziqhoboshi) futhi wena wonzakele, unakho ke ukufaka ibango.
Ukuba nawe unenxaxheba ekudalekeni kwengozi leyo, usenakho ukufaka ibango kodwa uya kubuyekezwa kuphela umonakalo othile. Umzekelo, ukuba unenxaxheba engu-50%, uya kufumana kuphela i50% yomonakalo. Ukuba ube nenxaxheba engu-25%, uya kufumana imbuyekezo yomonakalo oyi-75%.
Awunakho ukufaka ibango lomonakalo odalwe kwimoto okanye impahla yakho. Ukuze ufumane imali yoku, kufuneka umangalele umqhubi wemoto edale ingozi leyo. Ukuba unamalungiselelo e-inshorensi, I-inshorensi yakhe iya kukuhlawula. Ukuba akanayo, kuya kufuneka akuhlawule yena buqu.
Zingozi ezidalwe kukungakhathali komntu othile ezinokukhokelela ekuveleni kwamathuba okufaka amabango kule Ngxowa-mali. Ngoko ke kufuneka uze nobungqina bokuba umntu othile akakhange akhathale. Ukwenza oku ngokuza nobungqina bokuba umqhubi akakhange ayiqhube ngendlela umqhubi osezingqondweni ebenokuyiqhuba ngayo imoto yakhe kweza meko.
Ukuba ubungekho kwimoto edale loo ngozi, iNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela ayinamlinganiselo kwimbuyekezo yomonakalo onokuwubanga.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu okubonelela ngezixhaso ebekhwele kwimoto edale ingozi leyo, awunakubanga ngaphezu kwe-R25 000. Unokubanga kuphela imali oyichithileyo okanye oseza kuyichitha ngenxa yengozi leyo, umzekelo, amatyala esibhedlele nawakagqirha osele uwahlawule.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu okubonelela ngezixhaso ebengumkhweli ohlawulayo okanye ukuba ubukuloo moto ngenxa yomsebenzi, unokubanga kuphela I-R25 000, kodwa usenakho ukumangalela umqhubi lo ungakhange aqhube ngenkathalo. Kusenjalo, awukwazi kumangalela umqeshi wakho.
Ukufaka ibango kule Ngxowa-mali yinkqubo enzima yaye le Ngxowa-mali ijonga-jongana namabango amaninzi, ngoko ke kunokuthatha ixesha elide ukuba imali yakho ihlawulwe. Ingxowa-mali le ineentsuku ezingama-120 zokuphanda inyewe leyo emva kokufakwa kwebango elo, phambi kokuba inkqubo yokugqibela ingahambela phambili.
Unofaka ibango kule Ngxowa-mali ngokwakho okanye unokufumana igqwetha likufakele ibango kodwa kuya kufuneka uzihlawulele ezo nkonzo. Kukho amagosa olwazi kuzo zonke ii-ofisi zale ngxowa-mali anokukunceda simahla.
Kufuneka ulenze eli bango kwiminyaka nje emithathu emva kosuku lwengozi, ukuba uyamazi umntu oyidalileyo loo ngozi. Ukuba awumazi umqhubi okanye umnini wemoto odale loo ngozi, kufuneka ufake ibango kwiminyaka nje emibini emva kosuku lwengozi le.
Ufumana ingxelo yophando ukuba kukho umntu owasutywa kukufa kuloo ngozi.
Nephepha lokubekwa ityala elisuka emapoliseni.
Nazo zonke iingxelo zamatyala, iziqinisekiso zokuhlawula kunye neemali zokuthenga ezingqina iindleko zonyango kwakunye nezesibhedlele.
Nencwadi yembalelwano esuka kugqirha echaza ukuba uza kuhlawula malini na kwiindleko zonyango kwixesha elizayo ngenxa yale ngozi.
Nomzobo wendawo yengozi yengozi leyo.
Negama lesikhululo samapolisa apho ingozi le yaxelwa khona, inombolo yetyala yamapolisa kunye nengxelo yamapolisa.
Nencwadi yembalelwano esuka kumqeshi wakho echaza imali ekulahlekeleyo ngenxa yemivuzo ongayihlawulwanga.
Nemvume ebhalwe phantsi oza kuyibhalela isibhedlele ukuba sivumele iNgxowa-mali le ukuba iphicothe iimpepha zakho zonyango.
Inttho efungelweyo esuka kumntu lo ufaka ibango nakuwo nawaphi na amangqina.
<fn>GOV-ZA.22039.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Oomaspala banoxanduva lokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezingundoqo kuye nawuphi na ubani ohlala kwindaeo abalawula kuzo.
Ukuze abe uyakwazi ukubonelela ngezi nkonzo, uMaspala uhlawulisa abahlali imali.
ezempahla ezamanzi ezombane.
Ezi ntlawulo zixhomekeka ekubeni uwasebenzisa kangakanani amanzi nombane. Uya kufumana ingxelo yokuzisebenzisa kwakho ezi nkonzo nyanga zonke exela ukuba utyala malini.
Ngezinye iinkcukacha koku, qhagamshelana nomaspala wakho.
zisekelwe kwixabiso elilawulayo jikelele lalo mpahla zisetyenziselwa ngoomaspala ukuncedisa ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo.
Iintlawulo zempahla zihlawulwa ngabanini bempahla yokwenene yeendidi zonke, kuquka eyoshishino, eyeenkampani, eyendawo yokuhlala, eyokulima nokufuya kwakunye nekarhulumente.
Iintlawulo zempahla zisekelwe kwixabiso likamaspala lempahla yakho. Iintlawulo zempahla zibekiwe, ziqokelelwe yaye zisetyenziswa kwidolophu yaloomaspala kuphela. Oku kuthetha ukuba ezi ntlawulo zahluka ngokweengingqi futhi imali eqokelelweyo isetyenziswa kwingingqi kamaspala wakho.
Ixabiso likamaspala lempahla yakho libalwa ngokuqwalaselwa kwexabiso elilawula jikelele lempahla efana naleyo yakho, eliquka umhlaba neempucuko. Izifundiswa ezizimeleyo kwezokubalwa kwamaxabiso ezibhalise kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika Labantu ababala Amaxabiso, ezinomsebenzi okukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke impahla inikwa ixabiso ngokungenamkhethe nangengqwalasela enkulu, zibala ze zikhuphe amaxabiso.
Emva kokuba impahla yakho ivavanyiwe, unokwenza olwakho uvavanyo ze ufake isibheno kweli xabiso linikezelweyo ukuba ucinga ukuba aliyifanelanga impahla yakho.
Ingxelo yakho yetyala leenkonzo ibonisa sonke isixa osidingayo ukuze uhlawulele unyaka wonke.
Ukufumanisa ukuba iintlawulo zingakanani kwingingqi yakho yaye kuhlawulwa nini, phi, qhagamshelana nomaspala wakho.
Isebe lePhondo looRhulumente Beedolophu linoxanduva lokuncedisana noorhulumente beedolophu ekucaciseni nokusebenzisa imithetho elawula konkre oku.
<fn>GOV-ZA.22117.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukongeza ekubhalisweni kweshishiniamashishini 1/1 amashishini athile alindeleke ukuba afumane imvume yokushishina ngokufnwa yi-Businesses Act. Imvume yokushishina ifuneka ikakhulu kumashishini ekufuneka ehlonele imimiselo yempilo nokhuseleko.
izinto zempilo okanye zokuzonwabisa(kuquka amashishini abonelela ngamagumbi ashushu kakhulu ukucoca nokuhlaziya umzimba, ngemiyalezo, imidlalo yebhodi, imidlalo yeebhola edlalwa etafileni egqunywe ngelaphu, oomatshini bokungcakaza, iindawo zokuzonwabisa ebusuku kwakunye nezo zokubukela imidlalo-bhanyabhanya).
Umaspala wakho ujongana neemvume zamashishini yaye ungaqhagamshelana nabo ngeenkcukacha zenkqubo yokunikezelwa kweemvume kwakunye nemimiselo yezempilo neyokhuseleko efuneka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini.
ukhuseleko (ingakumbi umlilo).
Ukuba uyazihlonela zonke iimfuno, uya kunikwa imvume. Ukuba awuyihloneli, ungafaka isicelo sokunikwa ixesha elili-14 leentsuku, ozakuthi ukwazi ukwenza iinguqu ngalo kwisakhiwo sakho ukuze sibe kanti siyavumelana nale mimiselo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.22117.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukongeza ekubhalisweni kweshishiniamashishini 1/1 amashishini athile alindeleke ukuba afumane imvume yokushishina ngokufnwa yi-Businesses Act. Imvume yokushishina ifuneka ikakhulu kumashishini ekufuneka ehlonele imimiselo yempilo nokhuseleko.
awenza okanye athengisa ukutya okunokuba kudala izinto zempilo okanye zokuzonwabisa(kuquka amashishini abonelela ngamagumbi ashushu kakhulu ukucoca nokuhlaziya umzimba, ngemiyalezo, imidlalo yebhodi, imidlalo yeebhola edlalwa etafileni egqunywe ngelaphu, oomatshini bokungcakaza, iindawo zokuzonwabisa ebusuku kwakunye nezo zokubukela imidlalo-bhanyabhanya).
Umaspala wakho ujongana neemvume zamashishini yaye ungaqhagamshelana nabo ngeenkcukacha zenkqubo yokunikezelwa kweemvume kwakunye nemimiselo yezempilo neyokhuseleko efuneka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini.
ukwahlulwa ngokwemimandla impilo ukhuseleko (ingakumbi umlilo).
Ukuba uyazihlonela zonke iimfuno, uya kunikwa imvume. Ukuba awuyihloneli, ungafaka isicelo sokunikwa ixesha elili-14 leentsuku, ozakuthi ukwazi ukwenza iinguqu ngalo kwisakhiwo sakho ukuze sibe kanti siyavumelana nale mimiselo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.22195.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
URhulumente udize iinjongo zakhe zokubonelela ngeenkonzo zamanzi kunye nezombane ezingundoqo nezisimahla kubantu bonke. Kukwakho nenyathelo lokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezisimahla zococeko.
Noxa esi isisigqibo esithathwe ngurhulumente wesizwe nje, amanzi, ezococeko nombane zibonelelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngoko ke olona xanduva lokunikezela ngezi nkonzo lulele kumaspala wakho.
Kwinyanga yeKhala ngo-2001, malunga nezigidi ezingama-23 zabantu baseMzantsi Afrika bebesele befumana Amanzi Angundoqo Simahla.
Eyona njongo kukubonelela amakhaya ahluphekileyo ngezibonelelelo ezingundoqo zeelitha ezingama-6 000 zamanzi akhuselekileyo ngenyanga simahla. Oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka koomaspala yaye kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomaspala wakho ngqo ukuze ufumanise ukuba kanye kanye la manzi asimahla angundoqo babonelela ngawo yintoni.
Kulindeleke ukuba uwahlawulele amanzi asetyenziswe ukugqitha lawo usifumana simahla.
Iinkonzo zombane ezisimahla zijoliswe ikakhulu kumakhaya ahluphekileyo. La makhaya aya kubonelelwa ngesixa esincinci sombane simahla kodwa ke kufuneka awuhlawulele nawuphi na umbane osetyenziswe ukugqitha lowo usisibonelelo esingundoqo nesisimahla.
Isixa esisacetywayo sombane osimahla ngama-50kWh kwikhaya ngalinye ngenyanga ngokwendlela ye-grid. Esi sixa sombane sesona singundoqo sinokwanela ukukhanyisa, ukusebenzisa umobonwa-kude omncinci obonisa mnyama namhlophe kunye nonomathotholo omncinci, ukolulwa kwempahla nokubiliswa kwamanzi ngeketile yombane. Ama-50Wp ombane kuya kunikezelwa ngawo kwisibonelelo esingenziwa ngendlela ye-grid kuwo onke amakhaya aqhagamshelwe kwindlela esesikweni engeyiyo eye-grid.
Abasebenzisi bombane abaneemitha zombane wamakhadi baya kuba nakho ukubona xa lowo usimahla sele bewugqibile futhi babe nakho nokuthenga omnye ngemali yabo. Abasebenzisi abaneemitha zombane ohlawulwa ngenyanga abayi kuba nakho ukubona lula xa sele bewusebenzise bawugqiba umbane wabo osimahla. Baya kutsalelwa imali yombane ogqithe kwisixa esisisibonelelo esisimahla ekupheleni kwenyanga.
Umbane Ongundoqo Ofumaneka Simahla uya kuqala ukunikezelwa ngenyanga yeKhala ku-2003, emva kokuba ooMaspala befumene iimali zabo kwiSebe looRhulumente Bamaphondo Nabeedolophu.
Kulandela ukubonela ngempumelelo ngenkqubo Yamanzi Angundoqo Simahla, iSebe leMicimbi Yamanzi Namahlathi kungoku nje likwinkqubo yokuphuhlisa Isicwangciso-qhinga Sesizwe Sezococeko Olungundoqo Simahla. Oku kwenziwa ngokwemikhomba-ndlela esuka kwiQela Lesizwe Elinikwe Uxanduva Lokujongana Namanzi Nococeko Olungundoqo Simahla, qela elo eslisihlalo walo uyi-SALGA ze umququzeleli ibe yi-DWAF. Injongo kukuphuhlisa isicwangciso-qhinga sesizwe esijonge zonke iinkalo, futhi esigaya ulwazi namava angummangaliso asuka kwicandelo lamanzi nococeko.
Xa esi sicwangciso-qhinga sele sigqityiwe, abasemagunyeni kwiidolophu nababonelela ngeenkonzo zococeko baya kuqinisekiswa ukuba siyasebenza.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.22195.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
URhulumente udize iinjongo zakhe zokubonelela ngeenkonzo zamanzi kunye nezombane ezingundoqo nezisimahla kubantu bonke. Kukwakho nenyathelo lokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezisimahla zococeko.
Noxa esi isisigqibo esithathwe ngurhulumente wesizwe nje, amanzi, ezococeko nombane zibonelelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngoko ke olona xanduva lokunikezela ngezi nkonzo lulele kumaspala wakho.
Eyona njongo kukubonelela amakhaya ahluphekileyo ngezibonelelelo ezingundoqo zeelitha ezingama-6 000 zamanzi akhuselekileyo ngenyanga simahla. Oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka koomaspala yaye kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomaspala wakho ngqo ukuze ufumanise ukuba kanye kanye la manzi asimahla angundoqo babonelela ngawo yintoni.
Kulindeleke ukuba uwahlawulele amanzi asetyenziswe ukugqitha lawo usifumana simahla.
Iinkonzo zombane ezisimahla zijoliswe ikakhulu kumakhaya ahluphekileyo. La makhaya aya kubonelelwa ngesixa esincinci sombane simahla kodwa ke kufuneka awuhlawulele nawuphi na umbane osetyenziswe ukugqitha lowo usisibonelelo esingundoqo nesisimahla.
Abasebenzisi bombane abaneemitha zombane wamakhadi baya kuba nakho ukubona xa lowo usimahla sele bewugqibile futhi babe nakho nokuthenga omnye ngemali yabo. Abasebenzisi abaneemitha zombane ohlawulwa ngenyanga abayi kuba nakho ukubona lula xa sele bewusebenzise bawugqiba umbane wabo osimahla. Baya kutsalelwa imali yombane ogqithe kwisixa esisisibonelelo esisimahla ekupheleni kwenyanga.
Umbane Ongundoqo Ofumaneka Simahla uya kuqala ukunikezelwa ngenyanga yeKhala ku-2003, emva kokuba ooMaspala befumene iimali zabo kwiSebe looRhulumente Bamaphondo Nabeedolophu.
Kulandela ukubonela ngempumelelo ngenkqubo Yamanzi Angundoqo Simahla, iSebe leMicimbi Yamanzi Namahlathi kungoku nje likwinkqubo yokuphuhlisa Isicwangciso-qhinga Sesizwe Sezococeko Olungundoqo Simahla. Oku kwenziwa ngokwemikhomba-ndlela esuka kwiQela Lesizwe Elinikwe Uxanduva Lokujongana Namanzi Nococeko Olungundoqo Simahla, qela elo eslisihlalo walo uyi-SALGA ze umququzeleli ibe yi-DWAF. Injongo kukuphuhlisa isicwangciso-qhinga sesizwe esijonge zonke iinkalo, futhi esigaya ulwazi namava angummangaliso asuka kwicandelo lamanzi nococeko.
Xa esi sicwangciso-qhinga sele sigqityiwe, abasemagunyeni kwiidolophu nababonelela ngeenkonzo zococeko baya kuqinisekiswa ukuba siyasebenza.
<fn>GOV-ZA.262.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.301.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Nceda ke Sithumelele nge-email izimvo zakho, imibuzo kwakunye neempendulo kule website.
iSebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko Nezemidlalo linikezela ngeenkonzo kumacandelo obugcisa, inkcubeko, ilifa lemvelo, ezemidlalo nokuzonwabisa ukuze libe nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu baseNtshona Kapa.
Ngenxa yenkcubeko, ezemidlalo nokuzonwabisa, ukhuseleko, impilo, imfundo kwakunye nentlalo-ntle yabemi ingakhuthazwa ze ijongisiswe. Iintshukumo zenkcubeko nezemidlalo zikwanikezela ngamathuba okuthintela nokulungisa iingxaki zolwaphulo-mthetho, ezempilo nezeendlela zokuziphatha ezigwenxa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.301.projects.15144.15144.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.301.services.11436.11436.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Angama-28 amaziko alondoloza imbali ephondo apha kwiNtshona Kapa. Iziko Lolondolozo Lwembali La maziko alondoloza imbali ke avuleleke kuluntu ngokubazi yaye akwanikezela nemiboniso kwanemisebenzi yobugcisa ebonakalisa imbali yeli phondo yenkcubeko neyendalo, nequka iindlela ezintsha esiyijonga ngayo imbali yaseAfrika okanye imbali yemvelo yeli lizwekazi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.301.services.11437.11437.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Asixhenxe amaziko enkcubeko avulelekileyo ukuze asetyenziswe yimibutho aaqumrhu anikezela ngeenkonzo zemfundo kwikcubeko. La maziko enkcubeko anikezela ngendawo yokuhlala kwakunye nezixhobo zokubambela iingqungquthela.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.305.services.11504.6394.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Umongikazi uya kuthi afune umchamo wakho, oza kuthi uvavanywe.
Kuya kuthi xa ukhulelo luthe lwaqinisekiswa, lowo ukhulelweyo akhethiswe phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo. Ukuba ubani ufuna ukuqhubekeka nokhulelwa oko, uya kuthi athunyelwe kwenye yeendawo zoncedo lwezempilo ezibizwa ngokuba ngamaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi). La ke ngamacandelo aphethwe ngababelekisi kwindawo ohlala kuyo, bekwenza oku kubaguli boncedo lwezonyango.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango.
Iimvavanyo zenziwa mahala kumaCandelo kaRhulumente ezonyango kodwa qala uqinisekise ukuba ayafumaneka, ingakumbi ezilalini.
<fn>GOV-ZA.305.services.11504.6396.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje emva kokubeleka.
Umama uye enziwe uvavanyo lokuqala olupheleleyo neengcebiso kutyelelo lwakhe lokuqala emva kokubeleka, nolukwabizwa ngokuba lutyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Ukukhulelwa kuyaqwalaselwa ngawo onke amaxesha umama esiza kutyelelo olulandelayo. Impilo kamama nayo iyaqwalaselwa. Kuthatyathwa ubunzima bakhe, uxinzelelo lwakhe lwegazi, ze kuvavanywe nomchamo wakhe. Ukuba akukho zingxaki, umama uthi abuye kutyelelo lwakhe olulandelayo lokuqala emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuza kuva ngeziphumo zeemvavanyo ebezenziwe ngethuba lotyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Emva koku, kufuneka abuyele ekliniki rhoqo emva kweeveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezingama-28, aphinde emva kwezingama-34, emva koko aye njengoko exelelwe ngabasebenzi basekliniki okanye abeCandelo lokuBelekisa. (Ukuphinda-phinda ngexesha elimisiweyo kuyohluka ngokweendawo).
Oomama abakhulelweyo bavavanywa kangangoko ukukhangela ukuba akukho mingcipheko kusini na ngokuphathelele kwimpilo yabo naleyo yosana olungekazalwa. Ulutsha olungamantombazana kunye nabasetyhini abangaphezulu kwama-35 eminyaka ubudala, nabakhulelweyo bathathwa njengabona bantu basemngciphekweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngabona bantu kufaneleke ukuba babe neengxaki ngethuba lokukhulelwa nokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abakhulelweyo nabo bangabonwa njengabantu abasemngciphekweni ukuba uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi luye lwanyuka, ukuba baneziphazamiso zemfuzo, ukuba ukhulelwe abantwana abangaphezulu kwesinye naxa babenziwe uqhaqho ngethuba eludlileyo lokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abafunyenwe besemngciphekweni bathunyelwa kwikliniki yabaguli abasandul' ukubeleka kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu, apho kuthi kwenziwe uphando neemvavanyo. Oomama abaneengxaki ekukhulelweni kwabo baye bacetyiswe ukuba baye kwiikliniki zabangaliswayo abasandul' ukubeleka rhoqo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango. Abantu abangekho mngcipheweni kakhulu ekukhulelweni kwabo baye baqwalaselwe kumaCandelo okuBelekisa (amaCandelo okuBelekisa aphethwe ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni bewaqhubela abaguli bamaziko ezempilo) ezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye ezilalini. Abantu abakhulelweyo nabasemngciphekweni ngolona hlobo baye baqwalaselwe kwiikliiniki zabagula bengalaliswa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nakwizibhedlele kwizithili ezisezilalini kwanezo zikumgangatho ophezulu.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka mahala.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.305.services.11512.6451.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iNkqubo Ehlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imeko yesondlo sabo bonke abantu abahlala kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa. Zininzi ke iinkalo zale nkqubo.
Le Nkqubo Ihlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imo yesondlo kubo bonke abantu abahlala kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni.
Ukungondleki yingxaki enkulu eMzantsi Afrika kwaye kuyenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezinegalelo kwizifo nokufa okugubungele abantwana. Uqikelelo ludiza ukuba malunga ne-30% yabantwana boMzantsi Afrika baphazanyiswa kukungondleki ngokwaneleyo kwiminyaka yabo yokukhula.
Ukutya ngokunganelisiyo, ukugula nokuxhalaba emphefumlweni/ukonzakala kakhulu zezona zinto ziphambili ezingunobangela wokungondleki. Ubuhlwempu nokunqongophala kwezinto eziluncedo zezona zinto zinegalelo ekungondlekini. Le nkqubo izama ngeendlela ezininzi ukujongana nalo bhubhane uzimeleyo.
Kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala abantwana abafunyaniswe bengondlekanga (oku kuquka abantwana nabantu abakhulu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo nesifo sephepha) baya kunikwa izinto ezixhasa ukutya, kubandakanywa nomgubo wombona otyetyisiweyo kunye nesiselo esinika amandla. Izixhasi-kutya zinikwa izigulane ezichongwe ngendlela ethile. Abasebenzi bezempilo nabo baye bazinike iingcebiso nengcaciso izigulane, zifundiswe nokufundiswa ngeentlobo zokutya okunempilo nezona ndlela zinempilo zokupheka. Iingcali zokutya nazo ziye zibonelele uluntu ngeenkonzo ezizodwa.
Bonke abantwana baviwa ubunzima njengenxgenye yenkqubo yokubeka iliso ekukhuleni kwabo, nto leyo ikwaziyo ukuchaza ukuba umntwana uyakhula kusini na. Ubunzima bomntwana bubhalwa kwikhadi i-Road to Health Card. Kuye kukhangelwe izinto ezingunobangela wokuhla kobunzima, zinto ezo zifana nezifo ezosulelayo, indlala emakhaya nokungakhathalelwa. Izifo ezosulelayo zinendima ephambili ekungondlekini kwabantwana kwaye ezo zifo zinyangwa kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala. Izifo zorhudo zinxulumene kakhulu neemeko zokucoceka kwendawo (ukucoceka kweendawo zangasese namanzi) nokungondleki okanye ukungondleki kakuhle kosana, nto leyo yenza ukuba luhlaselwe lula lurhudo.
Amakhaya agutyungelwe bubuhlwempu aya chongwa aze adityaniswe nenye yeenkqubo zikarhulumente zokulwa nobuhlwempu. Indlala emakhaya isetyenzwa ngokubambisana kwamacandelo kwaye loo makhaya aye abonelelwe ngoncedo nenkxaso efanelekileyo.
Ukulawula ukunqongophala kwezakha-mzimba yenye yezinto eziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yale nkonzo. Izakha-mzimba zizinto zendalo ezifana nevitamin neetyuwa zomzimba, nezimlinganiselo mncinane ekutyeni kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo entle. I-INP ibonelela abantwana abathile ekujoliswe kubo ngeVitamin A. Abantwana abaswele iVitamin A bayabhitya, abakhuli kakuhle kwaye basemngciphekweni wokosulelwa zizifo, bafe ngenxa yazo. Ukungabikho kweVitamin A konakalisa namehlo kwaye ukunqongophala kwayo ngomnye unobangela wokutyhaphaka kwabantwana.
Abantwana abazelwe benemizimba emincinci banikwa izakhi-mzimba uVitamin A, zona ziphakamisa umgangatho wamandla omzimba okulwa nezifo kwaye zincedisa nokukhula komntwana. Iintsana ukususela kwezineenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezineenyanga ezili-11 ziye zityiswe iVitamin A (100 000IU) ukuthintela ukugula kakhulu. Abantwana abanyanga zingaphezulu kwe-12 ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu baye batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU xa benyanga zili-12 ubudala ze batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, de babe neminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Ukuhla kwemizimba yabantwana kusenokubangwa kukuhlaselwa ziintshulube kwaye loo nto inganyangwa ekliniki ngamayeza okukhupha iintshulube.
Izifundo ezimalunga nesondlo, ingaciso nokucetyiswa ziinkqubo ekubonelelwa ngazo kuwo onke amanqanaba onyango lwabantu abafe amalungu athile omzimba, abanoxinzelelo-gazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo nesifo sephepha.
Inkqubo yesondlo yezikolo zamabanga aphantsi, ifumaneka ikakhulu kwizikolo ezimgangatho wezoqoqosho uphantsi. Ezo nkqubo kungoku nje kubanjiswana ngazo neSebe lezeMfundo. Urhulumente wephondo unenjongo yokuba abantwana abangama-125 000 kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi ezingama-847 kweli phondo baxhamle kwinkqubo yakhe yesondlo engadlulanga unyaka ka-2004.
Le nkqubo ikwanegalelo kwiinkqubo zokukhathalela abagulayo nabakumaziko ajongana nabagulayo ngokuthi babonelelwe ngeenkqubo zokondla ezibonelela ngesondlo esinempilo.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze isigulane eso sivulelwe uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isiqinisekiso sesixa somvuzo wakho wokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe weza kweso sibhedlele ngaphambili.
<fn>GOV-ZA.305.services.11516.6459.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abakhubazeke ngokomzimba, bangancediswa ukuba bahlale bekwimo yomzimba, yovakalelo, yobukrelekrele, yengqondo nezentlalo entle nesemgangathweni.
Ezi nkonzo zonyango zijoliswe kubantu abathwaxwa zizigulo ezidinga uncedo kuqhaqho, emva kwentlungu, iintungu zamathambo kwakunye nezinye izigulo. Ezi zigulo ziquka, umzekelo ukutsha, ukonzakala entloko, ukuxhozula, iintlungu, ukonzakala esandleni, ukusikwa ilungu lomzimba, ezokuphefumla, ezesifuba nezinye nje izigulo.
Le nkonzo ibaluleke kakhulu koko ayinabanga kangako ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto eziluncedo. Uninzi lweenkonzo zoluntu zifumaneka ezibhedlele nakwizikolo zabaneengxaki ezizodwa, zimbalwa kakhulu iinkonzo ezifumaneka ekuhlaleni. Uninzi lwezi nkonzo lufumaneka kwiindawo zasezidolophini kwaye ngabasebenzi beenkqubo zokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo abangaphantsi kwe-19% abasebenza kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ngaphandle kwemida yeNqila yeKapa.
Iinkonzo zonyangoZenqanaba Lokuqala zifumaneka kuphela kumaziko athile asekuhlaleni nezibhedlele zezithili.
Kodwa zonke iikliniki ziyawuqhuba umsebenzi wokuhlola iintsana nabasaqingqayo. Xa kuthe kwakrokrelwa ukuba umntwana unokhubazeko lwengqondo okanye lomzimba umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki eyodwa kwinqanaba lesibini nenqanaba lesithathu. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. ingcali yezomzimba, okanye ingcali yezomsebenzi kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango ukuba lukhona. Ukongeza kwinkqubo yokuhlola okulandelwa kukuthunyelwa kwelinye iziko, ukubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo kulo mgangatho ikakhulu kugxininisa ekulawulweni kwezifo ezinzima, ukuhambela amakhaya, ukuqeqeshwa kweentsapho nabancedisi bezigulane, ukuvavanyela ukufunyaniswa izibonelelo zokukhubazeka nokubonisana nee-NGOs, amaqela enkxaso, izikolo neekritshi.
Iinkonzo zenqanaba lesibini zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo zenzelwe abantu abakhubazeke nje okwethutyana/abakhubazeke phantse isigxina kwaye kubonelelwa ngazo kwizibhedlele zeenqila nezithili. ICandelo leeNgxaki zoMqolo (unyango lweengxaki ezinzima) kweli leNtshona Koloni lisusiwe kwisiBhedlele i-Conradie e-Pinelands kwiSixeko saseKapa laya kuvulwa kwisiBhedlele i-Groote Schuur.
Ukubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo kwabantu abakhe bahlaselwa kukufa kwamalungu athile omzimba, abanqanyulwe amalungu athile nabathe babaneengxaki zokonzakala emqolo kusafumaneka phaya kwiziko i-Metropole Rehabilitation Centre nekungoku liphaya kwisiBhedlele i-Conradie nakwisiBhedlele i-Karl Bremer. Kwenziwa izicwangciso zokuba elo ziko lisuswe kwezo zibhedlele lithuthelwe kwisiBhedlele i-Lentegeur phaya kuNovemba 2003.
IsiBhedlele i-Booth esikwiSixeko saseKapa sona sibonelela abantu abakhulileyo ngeenkonzo zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo ngeli xesha zona iinkonzo zokunceda abantwana zona zifumaneka e-Sara Fox nase-Maitland Cottage, maziko lawo nawo akwiSixeko saseKapa. Abantu bangathunyelwa nakumaziko enqanaba lesithathu xa kukho imfuneko yoko.
IiNkonzo zeNqanaba leSithathu zokuBuyisela kwiMo yeSiqhelo zona kubonelelwa ngazo kwisiBhedlele i-Tygerber, esase-Groote Schuur nakwisibhedlele sabantwana i-Red Cross Children's Hospital kanti nakwizibhedlele zabagula ngengqondo (Stikland, Lentegeur, Valkenberg ne-Alexandra Hospital), zibhedlele ezo zikwiSixeko saseKapa.
Amacandelo ajongana nokunyanga abaguliswa ziingxaki zomsebenzi (occupational therapy), macandelo lawo ase-Tygerberg, e-Groote Schuur, e-Stikland nakwisibhedlele sase-Lentegeur abonelela ngenkonzo yokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo enxulumene nezomsebenzi. Oku ikakhulu kubandakanya ukuvavanyelwa ukuqhuba umsebenzi, vavanyo olo luzama ukufumanisa ukulungela kwabo bavavanywayo ukubuyela emsebenzini emva kokonzakala okanye kokugula. Ukuba bakulungele oko baye babe yinxalenye yabathabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yesibhedlele yokubalungiselela ukulungela izakhono eziphambili zokuqhuba umsebenzi. Ukuba abakakulungeli oko, abasebenzi bangacebisa ukuba basetyenziswe kwindawo yengqesho ekhuselweyo, ndawo leyo iphantsi kweSebe lePhondo leeNkonzo zeNtlalo yoLuntu neSebe leSizwe lezeMicimbi yaBasebenzi.
Azingako noko iinkonzo ezikhoyo zokunceda izigulane ezifuna ukunyangelwa iingxaki zonyango, ezangemva koqhaqho, ezangemva kokonzakala kakhulu, ezimalunga nezivamvo, ezamathambo, ezezihlunu namathambo nezinye izigulo. Ezo zigulo zibandakanya, umzekelo, ukutsha, ukonzakala entloko, ukufa kwamalungu athile omzimba, ukunqanyulwa kwamalungu athile omzimba, iingxaki zokuphefumla, ezentliziyo nezinye iingxaki.
Uncedo lonyango lweengcali nezifundiswa lujongene nokubuyiselwa kwezigulane kwimo yesiqhelo, zigulane ezo zilaliswe ezibhedlele kulo lonke eleNtshona Koloni, kwi-Metropole Rehabilitation Centre nenamaziko akwisibhedlele sase-Conradie (Pinelands) nase-Karl Bremer (eBellville) kwiSixeko saseKapa.
Le nkonzo ibandakanya inkonzo yokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo eqhutyelwa ekhaya kwabo bantu bakhulu abakhubazeke ngokomzimba. Ikho ikliniki yabagulela ngaphandle yokuqhuba zonke iinkqubo zokuvavanywa kwezigulane zivavanyelwa iimfuno zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo, ukuphinda ekliniki nokuvavanyelwa ukulungela izibonelelo zabakhubazekileyo. Igqiza eliphuma kumaziko ase-Karl Bremer libonelela ngovavanyo lokuhlangabezana neengxaki zabagulayo, vavanyo olo luqhutyelwa kwiikliniki ezisekuhlaleni kwaye lincedisa abaneengxaki ekufumaneneni izixhobo zokubancedisa kwiingxaki zabo, zixhobo ezo zifana nezitulo ezinamavili okuhamba. Eli gqiza likwanceda abasebenzi beenkqubo zokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo abakweminye imimandla ngokubafumanisa amava oqeqesho oluqhutyelwa emsebenzini.
Indlela yokufumana le nkonzo: Abantu abakhubazeke ngokomzimba nabakhubazeke ngokwengqondo kufuneka baqale bazame ukufumanisa ukuba ikho kusini na inkonzo yonyango ekhoyo kwinqanaba lokuqala leenkonzo zonyango. Baya kuthunyelwa kwamanye amanqanaba angaphezulu ukuba kukho imfuneko yoko.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom baze bavulelwe ifayili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isilipu sakho somvuzo wokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wakha wabhaliswa kwisibhedlele eso.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa wezeMpilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abantu abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ngo-2003, le nkonzo ifanele ukufumaneka simahla. Le nto ibandakanya izigulane zangaphandle nezilaliswe esibhedlele, kwaye ibandakanya iindlela zokunceda abakhubazekileyo ngezinto ezifana nezitulo ezinamavili nezixhobo zokuva. Loo nkonzo yasimahla kufanele ibandakanye abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, kukhubazeka oko okubensiphumo sokuba kube nzima kubo ukuphila ubomi besiqhelo, abantu abakhulileyo abathatyathwa njengebagula kakhulu kunye nezigulane ezigcinwe ixesha elide kwizibhedlele zabagula ngengqondo. Iindlela yokuvavanya le nkqubo neyona ndlela ezakusetyenziswa ngayo zisaphandwa.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.305.services.11516.6465.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uninzi lweengxaki zokukhubazeka, kubandakanywa iingxaki zokuthetha nokuva zibonakala xa iintsana nabaqingqayo behlolwa njalo ngexesha lokukhula kwabo kwiikliniki zonyango. Ukuba ikho imfuneko umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki esebenza ngeengxaki ezizodwa. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. igcali yezifo zasemsebenzini, kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango (ukuba lukhona). Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abathi apha ekuhambeni kwexesha babe neengxaki zokuthetha nokuva kuya kufuneka ukuba baye kwikliniki yonyango, apho baya kuvavanywa khona.
Abantwana bangathunyelwa kwigcisa leengxaki zokuthetha okanye kwigcisa leengxaki zokuva kwiikliniki ezijongana neengxaki ezizodwa, ngcali ezo zikhoyo noko phaya kummandla weBholani/Overberg nakummandla woNxweme oluseNtshona/Winelands. Ikho inkonzo yezigulane ezilaliswayo kuphela phaya kwiNqila yaseKapa kwisibhedlele iBooth Memorial nakwisibhedlele iBrooklyn Chest. Azikho iinkonzo ezilolu hlobo kuMzantsi Kapa/kwiKaroo.
Izibhedlele iTygerberg, iGroote Schuur Nesabantwana Somnqamlezo Obomvu zibonelela ngezixhobo zokuncedisa abantu abangeva kakuhle.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom size isigulane eso sivulelwe ifayili. Ukuba ufuna isincedisi esifana nesincedisi sokuva, kuya kufuneka ukuba ufune unesi weengxaki zomzimba okanye ingcali yeengxaki zomzimba kwikliniki ekufutshane okanye kwiziko lezempilo lasekuhlaleni/kwisibhedlele sesithili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho kwaye yena umntwana makaphathelwe ikhadi lakhe elibizwa ngokuba Yindlela Eya Empilweni.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa Wezempilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ku-2003, le nkonzo iya kufumaneka simahla. Le nkonzo ke ijongana nezigulana ezingalaliswayo kwakunye nokwamkelwa ezibhedlele kwezigulana, iquka izixhobo ezincedisda ekukhubazekeni ezifana nezo zokuncedisana nabantu abangevayo. Le nkonzo isimahla ke iquka abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, nto leyo ikhokelele ekubeni kube nzima ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kwaba bantu.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.305.services.11517.6473.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezingaluncedo.
Ingcaciso ngeqela leendlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa inikwa abantu ukuze babe nokwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiingxaki abakhe banazo nokuxilongwa kwemizimba yabo. Ukuba kuthe kwabhaqwa isifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga, eso sifo siya kunyangwa ngamayeza afumaneka kwikliniki okanye umntu lowo angathunyelwa kwikliniki eyodwa ejongene naloo mcimbi, ngokuthi anikwe incwadi yembalelwano ukuba ayinikezele kweso sibhedlele athunyelwa kuso.
Yakuba ityunjiwe loo ndlela ithile yokuthintela ukukhulelwa, lowo ubandakanyekayo uya kusoloko ekhangelwa ukuba akabi nazingxaki ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamachiza awanikiweyo, ngokuthi yena aquqe kwikliniki yakhe.
Nayiphi na intombazana okanye umfazi angazigqibela ngokwakhe ngendlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa afuna ukuyisebenzisa. Akukho mfuneko yakufumana mvume yeqabane lakhe okanye yabazali bakhe. Uninzi lweekliniki lunenkonzo ejongene nolutsha ukuze abantu abatsha babe nokufumana ingcaciso ngocwangciso-ntsapho, oko kusenziwa kwindawo emeko imenza umntu azive ekhululekile.
Isixhobo Esifakwa Ngaphakathi Esibelekweni (iIUD) I-IUD sisixhobo esincinane esifakwa esizalweni sowasetyhini, nesifakwa ngumsebenzi wezempilo oqeqeshelwe loo msebenzi. Isixhobo i-IUD singakuthintela ukumitha kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ubuncinane. Olu hlobo lwendlela yokuthintela umitho ayikuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba owasetyhini okanye iqabane lakhe linamaqabane amaninzi elilalana nawo, i-IUD le mayingabiyo ndlela iphambili ikhethwayo ngaphandle kokuba kusetyenziswa neentsilathi, ukuzikhusela ekosulelekeni zezi zifo zingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo zifana nentsholongwane kaGwulayo/noGawulayo.
Abasetyhini kuye kufuneke ukuba baye ekliniki emva kweeveki ezintandathu i-IUD ifakiwe, ukuze ihlolwe. Iyacetyiswa neyokuba uhlolo luqhutywe qho ngonyaka. I-IUD ifumaneka kwiikliniki ezithile kuphela, kodwa ingathengwa nakwiikhemisti.
Ukuthintela Ukukhulelwa Ngokukhawulezileyo. Le ndlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini abafuna ukuthintela ukukhulelwa emva kokwabelana ngesondo bengazikhuselanga, emva kokudlwengulwa okanye ke mhlawumbi naxa benesikrokro sokuba indlela yokukhusela ukukhulelwa abayisebenzisileyo ayisebenzanga emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngesondo bengazikhuselanga . Iipilisi zothintelo kukhulelwa olungxamisekileyo zingasetyenziswa kwiiyure ezingama-72 (iintsuku ezintathu) emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kokuzikhusela ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo, kodwa zisebenza kakuhle nangakumbi xa zisetyenziswe kwangoko. Ezo pilisi zifumaneka simahla kwiikliniki nasezibhedlele kwaye zingathengwa nakwiikhemisti ngaphandle kwencwadi engumyalelo kagqirha.
I-IUD ingasetyenziswa kwiintsuku nje ezintlanu emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo. Ukuba seligqithile ixesha lokusebenzisa ezi ndlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, kwaye kukho isikrokro sokuba ukhulelwe, inkqubo yokukhupha isisu ingasetyenziswa njengento yokugqibela enokwenziwa . Inkqubo i-TOP isemthethweni eMzantsi Afrika.
Uvalo-nzala: Le yindlela esigxina yokuthintela umitho kwaye ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini namadoda ngokunjalo. Nawuphi na umntu ominyaka ili-18 nangaphezulu nonelungelo lokwenza isigqibo unako ukuvalwa inzala ngokwesicelo sakhe. Kufuneka umntu lowo aqale acetyiswe ngaphambi kokuvalwa kwenzala. Le nto yenziwa ngotyando olungathabathi xesha lide nolulula kwaye loo nto ayiyichaphazeli imo yobomi bomntu lowo koko yenza ukuba uphelelwe lixhala lokukhulelwa okanye lokwenza umntu akhulelwe. Kungabhaliselwa ukuvala inzala kwikliniki esekuhlaleni. Lowo ufuna ukuvala inzala uya kunikwa amacebiso kwaye kuya kufuneka agcwalise ifom yokufaka isicelo. Utyando lwenziwa simahla kumaziko athile oluntu nakwizibhedlele kuwo wonke amanqanaba azo (elokuqala, elesibini nelesithathu). Ugqirha oqhuba utyando olo uya kukucela ukuba utyikitye iphetshana apho umnika imvume yokukutyanda.
Inkqubo yokutyandwa kwamadoda kuthiwa yi-vasectomy, nkqubo leyo idla ngokwenziwa ngeli xesha indoda ihleli, ngokuthi kusetyenziswe isibulali-ntlungu kufutshane nendawo leyo iza kutyandwa okanye kumzimba wonke. Kuye kwenziwe umngxunyana okanye imingxunyana emibini apha kufutshane nezingxotyana zangaphantsi. Umbobho othwala incindi yobudoda (ivas deferens) wesingxotyana ngasinye uya qhawulwa ze ubotshwe. Olu tyando alukhawulezi ukusebenza kwaye kuye kufuneke ukuba kusetyenziswe enye indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokutyandwa, okanye kumatyeli ali-15 ukuya kwangama-20 indoda ethi yabelane ngesondo ngawo. Kuye kufuneke ukuba kuqhutywe uvavanyo lwembewu yenzala ukuqinisekisa ukuba imbewu yenzala ayikho kwimibhobho.
Uvalo-nzala alukuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo.
Inzala yabantu abagula ngengqondo ingavalwa ngokwemimiselo yoMthetho wovalo-nzala, wonyaka ka-1998. Umzali, umgcini, umlondolozi okanye iqabane lingafaka isicelo sokuvalwa kwenzala yomntu ongakwaziyo ukuzenzela izigqibo ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Isicelo eso kufuneka senziwe size sithunyelwe kwisibhedlele esiza kuqhuba loo mcimbi. Kuya kwenziwa idinga lokudibana negqiza leengcali ezintathu zonyango lwabagula ngengqondo, ngenjongo yokuba zivavanye lowo uza kuvalwa inzala nofanele ukuphelekwa ngulowo wenza isicelo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile, igqiza lilo eliza kugqiba ekubeni kuqhutyekekwe kusini na ngovalo-nzala olo.
Le nkonzo ungayifumana kuninzi lweekliniki. Ukuba indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa oyifunayo ayikho, cela ukuba uthunyelwe kwiziko lezempilo elinakho ukwenza oko. Ukuba uya qala ukuya kwelo ziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo wandulwe ukuvulelwa uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi ekuthumela kwelo ziko (ukuba kukho imfuneko), nawo nawaphi na amayeza owasebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki/lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhaliswa kwelo ziko.
Akukho ntlawulo ifunekayo kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala naxa uthunyelwa kumaziko amanye amanqanaba angaphezulu. Abantu abatyandwayo bazifumana simahla iiNkonzo zeAmbulensi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3149.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > Y &gt Yintoni Impilo Yengqondo?
Yintoni Impilo Yengqondo?
Olu ke luxwebhu oluthe ngqo nolucacileyo ngokuba kuthethwa ngantoni na xa kuthethwa ngempilo yengqondo nangokuguka engqondweni. Liphetshana elinemibuzo ngendlela abantu abamelana ngayo neenzima zobomi kwakunye neempendulo kwimibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo ngempilo yengqondo.
Impilo yengqondo ayijolisanga nje ekungagulini ngengqondo, koko ngobukho bempilo ngokwengqondo nokuma kakuhle apha entloko. Impilo yengqondo ingendlela oziva ngayo ngawe, imo yobudlelwane bakho nabanye abantu kwanokuba uwamkela njani na amathuba akuvelelayo, iinzima nemiceli-mngeni yobomi bantsuku zonke.
Impilo Yengqondo ingokufumana ukulingana phakathi kokumelana neenzima zobomi nokusebenzisa amathuba aza nobomi ngokuphuhla okuqhubela phambili. Khawuzame ukwazi ukomelela kwakho (ze usebenzele ukukukhulisa) nemingcipheko okuyo (usebenzele ukuyoyisa okanye ukufumana inkxaso kuyo) ze ufunde ukuzazi xa ungakwazi kumelana neemfuno zobomi bakho futhi usemngciphekweni wokuphazamiseka ngendlela engekho mpilweni.
Sinokungaziva siphilile okanye sikulungele ukumelana nobomi ngokwasengqondweni ngawo onke amaxesha. Ngokuphandle, ukomelela okanye ukujuba kwethu, ngenkxaso esuka kubanye abantu, kungasinceda sibuyele empilweni eyiyo emva kwentlekele okanye imeko ephazamisana nesimo sengqondo ebesikuso, xesha elo singaziva mnandi ngalo ebomini bethu. Okunye ukuphazamiseka kunokuba ngumceli-mngeni futhi kunike umdla (ukufumana isithuba esitsha somsebenzi, uxanduva olwahlukileyo.) Kufuneka sizinqande ekuvumeleni amaqondo okuphazamiseka kweengqondo zethu ukuba afikelele kumanqanaba apho singenakumelana nobomi bethu bantsuku zonke.
Vavanya iqondo lokungazinzi kwengqondo yakho. Funda le mibuzo ilandelayo. Kwixesha ngalinye ophendula ngokuthi "ewe" kuyo, faka uphawu kule bhokisi.
Ingaba usoloko uziva udiniwe?
Ingaba ukufumana kunzima ukulala?
Ingaba uhlaselwa yintloko ebuhlungu, izilonda, okanye ukungacoleki kokutya esiswini?
Ingaba ukufumana kunzima ukuzikisa ingqondo?
Ingaba kuba luxanduva xa kufuneka uphumlile?
Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla ekwabelaneni ngesondo?
Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla kwizinto ozithandayo kwanezinye iintshukumo obusoloko uzonwabela?
Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla ekutyeni okanye mhlawumbi ingaba utya ngaphezu kwesiqhelo?
Ingaba usoloko ufika emva kwexesha emsebenzini?
Ingaba awuthandi okanye awuziva mnandi xa ukunye nabantu ophangela nabo?
Ingaba uziva unomsindo, udikwa ngokukhawuleza okanye "usezantsi kakhulu ngokwenqanaba lobomi kubanye abantu"?
Ingaba uya nazo ekhaya iingxaki zasemsebenzini emva kwemini nangeempela-veki?
Ingaba wenza izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo nezingazikisisiswanga?
Ingaba ukufumana kunzima ukufikelela kwizigqibo?
Ukuba ufumana ezinye zeempawu onazo kolu vavanyo lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, mhlawumbi kusenokuba uphazanyiswa yimiba yasemsebenzini. Abantu abaninzi kuthi baziva ngolu hlobo ixesha nje elincinci kwinqanaba elithile ebomini. Njengokuba kungekho zindlela zilula zokunyanga ezinye zezi ngxaki sithi sibe nazo, ukuthabatha amanyathelo okunciphisa oku kuphazamiseka emsebenzini ukuze sizibuyisele kwimo yesiqhelo okanye sikhusele impilo yeengqondo zethu yeyona nto ingcono umntu anokuyenza.
Ungaphinda uzibekele ngokutsha izinto ezibalulekile ebomini bakho ofuna ukuzifumana kuqala, ukuba unakho: Qwalasela kuphela izinto ezibalulekileyo.
Jonga izinto ngobunjalo bazo: Yahlula-hlula amaphulo abe yimisetyenzana onokumelana nayo, fumanisa onokumelana nongenakumelana nako.
Nyaniseka kubalingane bakho/kumphathi wakho emsebenzini: Yiza neendlela ezinokuphucula le meko.
Khathalela impilo yakho yomzimba, yengqondo neyeminye nje imiba yobomi bakho. Musa ukungazihoyi izihlobo nosapho lwakho.
Sebenza kwangexesha ukwenzela ube nexesha elaneleyo lokuphumla: Funda ukuthi "hayi". Musa ukuziva unetyala ngokuzinika ixesha lokuphumla.
Fumana inkxaso: Tyumba futhi ubazi abantu onokwabelana nabo ngeengxaki ze nizame nokufumana izisombululo.
Ingxenye ebalulekileyo ekugcineni impilo yengqondo yakho ikwimeko ephilileyo ekhaya nasemsebenzini kukuzinakana xa unengxaki yempilo yengqondo okanye usemngciphekweni wokuba naloo ngxaki. Ulwazi, yaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, uvavanyo neengcebiso ngonyango zingafumaneka kwiziko lezempilo elikufutshane nawe, kugqirha okanye kumongikazi okanye iklinikhi yempilo yengqondo neyomzimba. Abasebenzi bezempilo abazisebenzela bucala njengoogqirha bengqondo, iingcali zeeklinikhi zengqondo kwanoonontlalo-ntle beeklinikhi bangaluncedo.
Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo zidala uthotho lwezigulo ezisukela kwezingembi kuyaphi ezingumvuka weenguqu ebomini bakho ukuya kwezona zinobuzaza kakhulu ezinokunyanzelisa ukuba umntu ade aye kugcinwa esibhedlele futhi afumane nonyango oluqhubekekayo ukumenza akwazi ukumelana nobomi bantsuku zonke ekhayeni nasemsebenzini. Ezinye izigulo zinokuvela ngamaxesha athile kuphela, umzekelo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo emva kokubeleka koomama abatsha, ukwanda kokungazinzi kwengqondo (iDementia) kubantu abasele bekhulile. Ezinye zinokuvela nakwesiphi na isigaba sobomi.
Ezantsi apha kukho uluhlu lweempawu nemiqondiso kumanqanaba amathathu kolu thotho luphangaleleyo lweengxaki zempilo yengqondo sinokuthi sizifumane sihlaselwe zizo, ukukunceda ukhangele ubume bengqondo ngelo xesha ucinge ngalo. Apho le miqondiso okanye eminye imifuziselo ekuxhaphakeleyo yobudlelwane okanye yokuziphatha ichaphazela futhi iphazamise ukusebenza kwakho empangelweni okanye esikolweni ze ikuphazamise wena nosapho lweqabane lakho nendlela nje yokuphilisana noluntu, kusenokuba unengxaki yempilo yengqondo edinga ukunikwa ingqalelo.
Ingaba ... Usoloko uziva udangele okanye ucaphukile okanye zombini (uzive usoloko ungxola okanye unyembezana)?
Uphelelwa ngumdla okanye akusakwazi konwabela izinto obusa kuzonwabela?
Uziva ungenakuncedakala, ungenathemba, unetyala futhi kungasekho kwakho emhlabeni?
akukwazi kuzinza uqondisise kwinto ethile futhi ulibala rhoqo?
ukufumana kunzima ukufikelela kwizigqibo?
ucinga ngokufa okanye ukuzibulala?
Uziva udiniwe futhi ungenamandla?
Uyatyeba okanye uyehla emzimbeni (akunamdla wakutya okanye utya ngaphaya kokuqonda)?
Uneengxaki zokulala (ulala ixesha elide kakhulu okanye elincinci kakhulu), akuziva ukhe waphumla emva kokulala?
unamaqondo okwenza izinto adungekileyo okanye ehle kakhulu (ixesha likhawuleza kakhulu)?
uzifumana ungenakuzinza, ungakhululekanga, okanye ukhathazeke ngokugqithisileyo?
unoloyiko lokusweleka okanye lokwahluleka ukulawula imeko ophantsi kwayo?
woyika ukungakwazi kuqhwesha, yaye akufuni kuzishiya iindawo osele uziqhelile?
uziva uphantsi koxinzelelo lweengcinga zeemeko ezingenakuba yinyaniso?
uyazoyika futhi uyazibaleka iimeko apho kufuneka uzimanye nabantu?
uziva unentloko ethambileyo, uphelelwa ngumphefumlo okanye unesizunguzane?
uneentlungu zesisu, iintloko ezibuhlulngu, ukubambana kwemisipha okanye uziva undindisholo okanye urhawuzelelwa ..?
Ingaba kukho amaxesha apho uva amazwi, ubona imibono, uva okanye unukiselwe ngamavumba, nto ezo zingenzekiyo kubanye abantuintloko yakho iziva ingenakumelana nokucinga, iingcinga zakho zivakala zidida futhi zingavakali, zingahlangani yaye kunzima ukuzibumba...uneenkolelo eziluqilima abanye abantu abangenakuziqonda, umzekelo, kukho abantu abafuna ukukonzakalisa, okanye unamandla nolwazi olulodwa...ubona abanye abantu bengenakuzazi iingcinga zakho okanye wena ukwazi ukubona iingcina zabanye....indlela oziveza ngayo ngokwasemphefumlweni ibonakala "imcambalala" okanye ingaqhelekanga kwabanye... amandla akho okumelana nempilo nokuba sempilweni kwakho kwanemisebenzi yakho aya ephela?
Abantu bangakubaleka ukumelana neengxaki zempilo yengqondo yabo okanye iinzima zemiphefumlo yabo "ngokuthi bazinyange": Bangakwenza oku ngokuthi basebenzise ngokungaphaya kweqondo elamkelekileyo amachiza afumaneka ngokuthengwa kwiivenkile zamachiza okuzinyanga okanye amachiza angumyalelo kagqirha, utywala nezinye iziyobisi.
Ngelixa oku kunokukunika ukukhululeka ithutyana elingephi, kusenokukhokelela kwiingxaki zokungakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwaloo machiza, ngaphandle kokunyanga ingxaki le. Ungaludinga uncedo lokuyeka loo machiza ukuba ubusele uwaqalile. Abantu abanengxaki yempilo yengqondo banokungalufuni uncedo abaludingayo ngenxa yokuba ukugula ngengqondo luphawu lokuphelelwa ngamandla, ukonqena, ukungamkeleki eluntwini okanye iingcinga ezizele yiminqweno
Iinyaniso zicacile: Izigulo zempilo yengqondo, njengezigulo zempilo yomzimba, zingachaphazela nabani na. Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo zibanga intlungu yaye zingabangela ukukhathazeka njengokonzakala emzimbeni, futhi ukufumana uncedo kwangexesha yeyona nto ingcono unokuyenza ukwenzela ukuphakamisa awona mathuba maninzi okuphila. Ukufumana uncedo ngelona thuba likhawulezileyo kukunika amathuba amaninzi nakhawulezileyo okuba ngcono. Inyathelo lokuqala ekufumaneni uncedo kukwamkela ukuba ukuya kufuna uncedo yinto ekulungele ukuba uyenze!
oonontlalo-ntle, iingcali zempilo yengqondo, oogqirha bempilo yengqondo kwanezinye izifundiswa ngempilo yengqondo.
Isalathisi seenkonzo zempilo yengqondo kungaqhagamshelwana naso ukuze kufumaneke amanye amaziko anikezela uncedo.
Usenokunqwenela ukutsalela umnxeba kucingo lomnxeba woncedo ukuze ube nokubonisana neengcali ngale nyewe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.315.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe eli lineenjongo zokubonelela ngothutho oluhlanganisiweyo, oluvulelekileyo, olukhuselekileyo, oluthembakeleyo, olufikelelekayo noluluqilima kwanokubonelela ngezixhobo zempahla esemgangathweni ngendlela elulungeleyo uluntu, ephuhlisayo kwaneenkqubo ezinika amandla, ukuzama ukuphucula impilo yabantu bonke.
IMiba yezoShishino ibonelela ngomkhomba-ndlela nolawulo IweSebe eli ngoMphathiswa kwaneNtloko yeSebe kwanenkxaso yolawulo kuwo onke amasetyana eli Sebe.
IMisebenzi yoLuntu ijongene nokwakhiwa kweendawo zoluntu kwanokuphuculwa, ukulungiswa nokugcinwa kweendawo esezikho zikwimeko eyamkelekileyo ngentsebenziswano namasebe azisebenzisayo. lkwajongene nolawulo lwecandelo lempahla yePhondo.
Iindlela zijongana nokwakhiwa nokugcinwa kweendlela eziphantsi kwephondo zikwimeko eyamkelekileyo kwanolawulo lwayo yonke imiba enento yokwenza namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba iimoto kwaneentlawlulo zokubhaliswa kwazo, kwakunye necandelo Iezithuthi eziziimoto zikarhulumente.
Ezothutho zibonelela ngeenkonzo zothutho lukawonkewonke kwanezixhobo zoko.
INkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu Lwasekuhlaleni isebenzisa iinkqubo ezinika amandla ukubonelela ngeenkqubo zophuhliso ekuhlaleni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.315.services.11538.5107.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo Lezithuthi zikaRhulumente lijongene nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zikarhulumente ezingamawaka amane anekhulu elinamashumi amathandathu ananye eNtshona Koloni. Inombolo yomnxeba esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku yokunikezela ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezithuthi zikarhulumente sele ivuliwe yaye ukungasetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente kungaxelwa kuyo ukunceda ukunqanda ubuqhetseba, urhwaphilizo nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezibonelelo zikarhulumente.
Ungatsalela kule nombolo isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku: 021 467 4797 ze uxele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.315.services.11538.5107.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo Lezithuthi zikaRhulumente lijongene nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zikarhulumente ezingamawaka amane anekhulu elinamashumi amathandathu ananye eNtshona Koloni. Inombolo yomnxeba esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku yokunikezela ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezithuthi zikarhulumente sele ivuliwe yaye ukungasetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente kungaxelwa kuyo ukunceda ukunqanda ubuqhetseba, urhwaphilizo nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezibonelelo zikarhulumente.
Ungatsalela kule nombolo isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku: 021 467 4797 ze uxele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3150.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
lokugunyazisa ze atyikitye iMithetho Esayilwayo.
buyisela umthetho osayilwayo kwiPalamente yePhondo ze iphinde iqwalasele ukuba uyayithobela na imigaqo yoMgaqo-siseko.
lokuthumela uMthetho osayilwayo kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ukuze ithathe isigqibo ekubeni iyayithobela na imigaqo yoMgaqo-siseko.
lokubizela iPalamente yePhondo ukuba idibane ihlale ngokungxamisekileyo ukuze ishukuxe umba ongxamisekileyo.
lokuqesha iikomishoni zophando.
lokubiza iindibano zeengxoxo kwiNtshona Koloni ngokwemigaqo yemithetho yesizwe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.3150.projects.14716.84431.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-Cape Access le ijolise ekuboneleleni abantu abahluphekayo beli phondo lethu (abangenakumelana nokuthenga iikhompyutha) ngendlela yokufikelela kwiikhompyutha, I-internet, I-email kwanolwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente, ekungoku nje luyafumaneka kwiwebsite yeCape Gateway.
Amalinge angaphambili okuziswa kweekhompyutha ne-internet kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni okanye ezihlelelekileyo zaphanza, azakwazi nokufumana kuqala umdla notyalo lwezi ngingqi kanye zincedwayo, oko ke kwakhokelela ekungasetyenzisweni ngendlela kwezo zibonelelo.
I-Cape Access ithabatha indlela yexesha elide ngokusebenzisa eli Phulo Lokufikelela Kwiingingqi kubantu Beengingqi Ezisemaphandleni ngokuthi kuqala kusekwe amabhunga okujongana nokunxibelelana ngeekhompyutha kwezo ngingqi kujoliswe kuzo. La mabhunga neendibano zabameli beengingqi zonke ezinomdla ekufikeleleni kwezi zibonelelo.
La mabhunga onxibelelwano ngeekhompyutha angathi akhe amakhonco entsebenziswano ze agxininise ekulondolozeni ezo khompyutha nezixhobo ze-internet sele zikho, umzekelo, ezo zisezikolweni nezo zikumaziko okubambela imicimbi eyahlukeneyo yasekuhlaleni, ze futhi aqinisekise ukuziswa kwezixhobo ezintsha nezisebenzisekayo eluntwini, ngokusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo afana nePhulo Lamathala Eencwadi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ezisele zikho akuyi kusoloko kwanele ingakumbi kwiinginqi apho kukho izibonelelo ezimbalwa. IPhulo Lamathala Eencwadi ngoko ke lijoliswe ekuzisweni kwendlela yokufikelela kumathala eencwadi.
Amathala eencwadi amathathu, aneempawu zeengingqi ezikumagqagala amaphandle, zeengingqi ezisezidolophini kodwa ezingadanga zagqibelela, nezo zineempawu zeengingqi ezisezidolophini zakhethwa. Ezi ndawo zathi zahlolwa kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bobugcisa bale mihla ukuqinisekisa ukulungelelana kwazo namaphulo la. Izifundo ezinokuba lulutho kakhulu kumele zifundwe ekuhlolweni kwala maphulo amathala eencwadi, aza kukhokelela ekunabeni kwephulo lamathala eencwadi.
I-Cape Access yinkqubo yexesha elide. Abemi abangakwazi kufikelela kwi-internet, sele belufumana ulwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente kwiwebsite yeCape Gateway ngomnxeba kule nombolo: 0860 142 142, okanye banokuya nakwiziko labatyeleli kwa-142 kwisitalato iLong, Ekapa.
UMthetho Osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa kweKomishoni Yolutsha yeNtshona Koloni wanikezelwa kwiPalamente yePhondo ngomhla weshumi elinesixhenxe kwinyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004, kwakwesi sithuba seentsuku ezilikhulu zokuqala.
Lo Mthetho Usaqulunqwayo wathi wapapashwa kwiphepha-ndaba likarhulumente ukuze uluntu lufake izimvo. Xa ithuba eliziintsuku ezingamashumi amabini ananye lokufakwa kwezimvo sele ligqithile, iKomiti ephethe lo mcimbi iya kuqwalasela izmvo ezingenileyo, phambi kokuba kudliwane iindlebe ze kuphunyezwe umthetho osaqulunqwayo wokugqibela.
Uxanduva lwale Komishoni Yolutsha isacetywayo luya kuba kukunceda urhulumente acwangcise, abe liliso, ze avavanye iinkqubo zikarhulumente ngokubhekiselele kwiziphumo nanjengokuba zichaphazela ulutsha. Amashumi amathandathu anesihlanu eepesenti zabemi beli phondo bangaphantsi kwamashumi amathathu anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala.
Le Komishoni iya kuba nolunye uxanduva lokuphakamisa umanyano loluntsha nokuthandwa kweli lizwe kwanokunceda njengekhonco eliqhaqamshela le Komishoni neKomishoni Yesizwe Yolutsha kunye namanye amaqumrhu ephondo nawamakhaya olutsha.
Eli qumrhu lisacetywelwa le Komishoni ngamalungu amathathu asisigxina kunye namalungu angagqithanga kwisithandathu angeso sigxina, kunye neGosa Lolawulo Eliyintloko.
UMthetho Osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa Kwebhunga Lophuhliso loMthetho wePhondo wangeniswa kwiPalamente yePhondo ze wapapashwa kwiphepha-ndaba likarhulumente ukuze uluntu lufake izimvo ngomhla weshumi elinesibhozo kwinyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004, konke oku kusenzeka kwakwezi ntsuku zokuqala zilikhulu.
IBhunga Lophuhliso lwePhondo yibhodi enguvuka wokuwiswa komthetho enoxanduva lokujongana, ukuqala nokuba liliso kwizivumelwano phakathi bathabathai inxexheba kweli phondo. Umthetho olungisa longaphambili kuyanyanzeleka ukho ukuze kuhlaziywe umthetho osemva ngemiba elawula eli bhunga.
Ukuvalwa komzi-mveliso iNovel e-Atlantis, anasebenzi abangamakhulu amathathu kwanyanzeleka ukuba baphelelwe yimisebenzi. I-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso yazibandakanya ukuzama ukuqinisekisa ukuxhaswa ngezimali ukuthengwa nokuphinda kuvulwe kwalo mzi-mveliso yinkampani yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.32303.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
iNkundla yoMgaqo-sisekoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kwimicimbi echaphazela uMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika. Izigqibo zale nkundla ngomgaqo-siseko ziyabophelela kuzo zonke ezinye iinkundla. Le nkundla yenziwa ziijaji ezilithoba. Intloko yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yiJaji Enkulu Yesizwe uPius Langa ze ijaji uDikgang Moseneke abe liSekela lakhe. Le nkundla ke iqale ukubakho kweli lizwe ngo-1994.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla kwiwebsite yenkundla yomgaqo-siseko.
iNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhenoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kuyo yonke imicimbi, ngaphandle kwaleyo ichaphazela umgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo, zonke iimeko zokufakwa kwezibheno zamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho ezisuka kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ziphelela kule nkundla, ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso ke sinento yokwenza nomthetho olawula umgaqo-siseko, apho ke iya kuba yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eya kuba nelizwi lokugqibela. INkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno yayisa kubizwa "iCandelo Lezibheno", njengoko ihlalela amatyala kwizibheno kuphela. Izigqibo zeNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ziyabophelela kuzo zonke iinkundla ezingaphantsi ngokwamagunya. UMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngobekekileyo uCT Howie ze obekekileyo naye uL Mpati abe lisekela lakhe.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
Elandelayo "kwinkundla ezimagunya makhulu" yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, eyayisa kubizwa iNkundla Ephakamileyo". Amacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo "anamagunya okugweba" - ilungelo lokuchophela ityala - kwiindawo ezithile azisikelweyo nabekwe kuzo, yaye izigqibo zeeNkundla Eziphakamileyo ziyabophelela kwiinkundla zoomantyi ezikwiindawo ezikuzo ezi ziphakamileyo. Amancandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo anelungelo lokuchophela amatyala nangayiphi na imicimbi kodwa ke kwiingingqi asikelwe zona, kodwa ke asoloko echophela imiba yeembambano zoluntu ebandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000, kwakunye namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. La macandelo akwachophela naziphi na izibheno ukuhlalutywa kwamatyala asuka kwiinkundla ezikumgangatho ongaphantsi (iinkundla zoomantyi) ezisebenza kwiingingqi zezi nkundla ziphakamileyo. INkundla Ephakamileyo ngokwesiqhelo ke ichophela nayiphi na imiba ubume bomntu othile (umzekelo, isicelo sokugcina kukhuliswe umntwana womnye umzali, ukubhanga komntu okanye ishishini).
Kufuneka kuhlanganwe neGqwetha Lemicimbi Yosapho kuyo yonke imicimbi echaphazela abantwana, njengoko iNkundla Ephakamileyo "ingumzali onamagunya amakhulu" kubo bonke abantwana baseMzantsi Afrika.
uMphathi weNkundla Ephakamileyo ugcina iimpepha ezinento yokwenza nempahla yabantu (abangasekhoyo okanye ababhangileyo).
uMthunywa weNkundla uhambisa iimpepha ezithile kubantu abathile kwityala lembambano, ze athimbe impahla xa efumene igunya lokwenza oko.
uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu, owayesa kubizwa ngjengeGqwetha Elikhulu, unoxanduva lokutshutshisa abaphuli-mthetho egameni lombuso.
Igqwetha Lombuso ligqwetha elimela umbuso kwiintshukumo zeembambano ezibandakanya umbuso (apho umbuso ufaka isimangalo okanye umangalelwa khona).
Okwakaloku nje kusekho ishumi "lamacandelo amaphondo" ale Nkundla Iphakamileyo kwakunye "namacandelo ezixeko" amathathu (acandelo lawo asebenza kwiingingqi ezithile azisikelwe ngamacandelo amaphondo ale nkundla ze abe namagunya kwiingingqi ezithile phantsi kwecandelo lephondo). La macandelo azixeko ke asasebenzisa indlela exesha likarhulumente wangaphambili elingaphambi kuka-1994, owayesebenza ngamaphandle namaphondo amane. Umzekelo, iCandelo lale Nkundla Iphakamileyo eliseKapa libizwa ngokuba yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika: iCandelo lePhondo leCape of Good Hope ze ijaji yalo eyongameleyo ibe nguJaji uJohn Hlophe.
Xa uMthetho Osaqulunqwayo Weenkundla Ezikumgangatho Ophakamileyo sele uwisiwe, kuya kubakho iCandelo leNkundla Ephakamileyo kwiphondo ngalinye kula asithoba eli lizwe, abe namagama angqamanayo nalawo amaphondo akuwo kwakunye "nezihlalo" ezingapha kwesinye kumaphondo athile. Iphondo leRhawuti liya kuba namacandelo amabini, elisemazantsi (iRhawuti) nelisemantla (iPitoli).
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 480 2411.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
iiNkundla Ezijikelezayo ziyingxenye yeNkundla Ephakamileyo. Zihlala ubuncinci kabini ngonyaka, yaye ziyajikeleza zandise iingingqi ezisemaphandleni ezinokuncedakala. Zingaqhagamsheleka ngokuthi umntu ahlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso zihlala kumacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo yaye ziquka iJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo encediswa ngumgcini-zincwadi onamava angekho ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka, gosa elo limele icandelo loshishino. Le nkundla ichophela zonke iimbambano eziphakathi komhlawuli-rhafu kunye necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika, apho imbambano ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu yengeniso engaphezu kwe-R100 000. Izibheno kwizigqibo zale nkundla zisiwa ngqo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno. Iimbambano zerhafu ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu engaphantsi kwe-R100 000 zisiwa kwiBhodi Yerhafu. USihlalo wale Bhodi Yerhafu ligqwetha, igqwetha elikhulu okanye umgcini-zincwadi osebenza kwicandelo labucala lezoshishino oqeshwe nguMongameli welizwe ngenjongo yokuba ngusihlalo wale Bhodi. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Eyodwa Yemicimbi Yerhafu Yengneniso ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhreno ze uqhagamshelane neBhodi Yerhafu ngokuthi uhlangane necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwakaloku nje kukwakho neeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye Neenkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi, ezinegunya lokugweba kwimicimbi yabasebenzi yaye zikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo. Noxa kunjalo, the umthetho osaqulunqwayo iSuperior Courts Bill uya kuziphelisa ezi nkundla zemicimbi yabasebenzi ze uzifake phantsi kweNkundla Ephakamileyo. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Ephakamileyo ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo okanye ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Ukususela ngo-1998,iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato zithe zakwazi ukuchophela naziphi na iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa komtshato - ngaphambi koko ke ezi nkundla zazichophela kuphela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato yabantu abamnyamawaphi na amatyala Zintathu ke ezi nkundla zalo msebenzi yaye zezi, iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato Ezisembindini, Ezikumntla-Mpuma Nezikumazantsi, yaye ezi nkundla zenzelwe ukuchophela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato engenzima kuyaphi ngokukhawuleza nangendlela engatyi kakhulu empokothweni. INkundla Ekumazantsi Yokuqhawulwa Komtshato yinkundla yokuqhawulwa komtshato enegunya lokuchophela iimbambano zokuqhawulwa komtshato eNtshona Kapa, yaye inee-ofisi kwiZiko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho eKapa ze kubekho nenye iofisi encinane eMitchell's Plain. Ungaqhagamshelana neli Ziko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla kaMantyi yaseKapa.
iNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba ikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo kodwa ke izimele ayixhomekekanga kule iphakamileyo. Le nkundla yasekwa ngo-1996 yaye ichophela amatyala anento yokwenza nokubuyiswa kwemihlaba eyathatyathwa ngexesha lenkqubo yobandlululo (amatyala okulungiswa kwemicimbi echaphazela imihlaba). INkundla Yamabango Emihlaba inemigaqo yayo yaye ivumelekile ukuba iqhube iinkqubo zayo noluntu ngaphandle kokuba senkundleni nangezinye iindlela ezingaqhelekanga (apho ijaji ibuza amangqina, ingagqithi kumagqwetha awo) yaye le nkundla ingalichophela ityala naphi na apho ithande ukulichophela khona, nangona eyona ofisi yayo nje iseRandburg. Izibheno zithunyelwa kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso siqonde kumcimbi womgaqo-siseko, meko leyo ke iya kunyanzelisa ukuba isibheno eso sithunyelwe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko. uMongameli weNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba nguFikile Bam.
Ungafikelela kwizigwebo zeNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba apha.
iNkundla Yamanzi enegunya lokuchophela amatyala kuwo onke amaphondo yaye amagosa ayo ngusihlalo, isekela lakhe namalungu ongezelelweyo. Inegunya lokungenelela igwebe kwimicimbi ebandakanya amanzi. Amalungu eNkundla Yamanzi kufuneka abe nolwazi lomthetho, ubunjineli ulawulo lwezibonelelo zamanzi okanye ulwazi lwecandelo elisondeleyo. La malungu aqeshwa nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso zeKomishoni Yeenkonzo Zomthetho, eliqumrhu elichonga iijaji. Le Nkundla Yamanzi ithabathe indawo yeNkundla Yamanzi ngo-1998. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Yamanzi ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso(iTRC) yayingeyonkundla iyiyo kodwa isikhundla nje esahlukileyo esasisekelwe ukuchophela amatyala ngexesha lobandlululo egameni lombuso welo xesha. Ikomiti Yoxolelwaniso yayinamagunya okuxolela (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umenzi wobubi akanakutshutshiswa) abenzi bobubi bopolitiko eluntwini abavumileyo nabaxele konke abakwaziyo, oko ke kukuthi inyaniso, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. IKomiti Eyayijongene Nokunyhashwa Kwamalungelo Oluntu yayiyiyo ethabatha izigqibo ngokuba zeziphi na izenzo ezazikukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo ezanikezelwa kule komishoni yenyaniso noxolelwaniso. Emva kokuchongwa kwamaxhoba okunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, loo maxhoba ayethunyelwa kwiKomiti Yezilungiso Nokuthuthuzelwa, eyayithabatha izigqibo ngokuba mawabuyekezwe njani na amaxhoba lawo. Imisebenzi yale komishoni sele usiya ekuqoshelisweni. Abo bangazange bafumane kuxolelwa yiKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso ngezenzo ezibi abazenzayo ngexesha lobandlululo bangatshutshiswa.
iiNkundla Zoomantyi ziinkundla ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi nezichophela namatyala amaninzi. Zahlula-hlulwe yaziinkundla zemimandla neenkundla zezithili. Zingaphezu kwama-400 iinkundla zoomantyi eMzantsi Afrika. Azinalo igunya lokungenelela nokuchophela amatyala eembambano abandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000 (ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bavumelana ekubebi behlise isixa eso sibe ngaphantsi kwe-R100 000). Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, amatyala amakhulu anobuzaza olwaphulo achotshelwa ziinkundla zemimandla. Oku ke kungenxa yokuba iinkundla zezithili azinakho ukuwisa izigwebo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu kumntu ofunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho. Awona matyala olwaphulo-mthetho amasikizi kakhulu achotshelwa yiNkundla Ephakamileyo. Kukwakho nothotho lweenkundla zoomantyi ezenziwe zakhetheka ukwenzela zikwazi ukumelana neentlobo ezithile zamatyala, nkundla ezo zifana nenkundla yamatyala odlwengulo eseWynberg.
iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zinegunya lokuchophela lonke ityala lembambano elibandakanya imali engaphantsi kwama-R3000, ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bayavumelana ekubeni basehlise esi sixa sibe ngaphantsi kwesi sixa. Ijaji yeNkundla Yamabango Amancinci ibizwa ngokuba ngumkomishinala yaye idla ngokuba ligqwetha elikhulu elisebenzayo, igqwetha okanye isifundiswa kwezomthetho osebenza njengomkomishinala ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa. Ummangali nommangalelwa abavumelekanga ukuba babe namagqwetha aza kubamela. Isigwebo salo mkomishinala asiphikiseki yaye asinakwenzelwa sibheno kwinkundla enkulu kunale. Ungaqhagamshelana neyona Nkundla Yamabango Amancinci ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi udlule kweyona Nkundla kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe.
iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani nazo zikwanawo amagunya okuchophela amatyala athile kwinqanaba leenkundla zoomantyi. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuchophela amatyala eembambano ezibandakanya izithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yomthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe. Isikhulu esigunyazisiweyo kwintlalo nempilo yabemi bomthonyama okanye okanye isekela saso bangathabatha izigqibo ngamatyala besebenzisa umthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe, k tyala elo lisiwe kuloo nkundla ngummi womthonyama emangalela omnye ummi womthonyama kwingingqi esinegunya lokulawula kuyo eso sikhulu. Ezi nkundla ke zaziwa kakuhle njengeeenkundla zeenkosi. Umntu onebango afuna ukulisa enkundleni uyazikhethela ukuba alise enkundleni yenkosi okanye enkundleni kamantyi na elo bango. Qhagamshelana nenkosi yakho ukuba ungathanda ukusa ibango lakho lixoxwe kule nkundla yenkosi.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.325.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ukukhuthaza nokuququzelela inkqubo ehlanganisiweyo nezinzileyo yokuhlalisa abantu ezindlwini eNtshona Koloni.
Funda okunye malunga nendlela esijongana ngayo nombandela obalulekileyo. Fumana iindaba zamva nje uze ukufumanisa ngendima esiyidlalayo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje.
Ungafumana olunye ulwazi ngomvuzo kaceba njengoko upapashiwe kwiGazethi zoRhulumente.
Ayingeniki mdla na into yokubona imifanekiso yezinye iiprojekthi iindaba neenkqubo?
Khangela indlela esingathwa iNtlekele kweli phondo. Into eyayenzeke kwixa elingaphambili kwanokuba zikhona na ezinye iintlekele esizisebenzayo.
Khangela ezinye izinto eziphathelele kwiMali-mboleko yeZindlu. Indlela yokwenza isicelo, inkqubo elandelwayo kwizicelo nendawo onokusifaka kuyo isicelo sakho.
Imimandla yamaPhandle azange yenzeke ngenxa yezenzo zangabom zorhulumente ukuze kudaleke iindawo ekuthiwa, yiColoured Reserves, kodwa yadaleka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo zembali. Olu xwebhu lukunika iinkcukacha malunganokuma kwemimandla ndawonye nenguqulelo zalo mimandla.
Inkqubo yeRental Housing Tribunal ibonelela ngeenkonzo zamahala kubahlali kunye nabanini-mihlaba/zipropati kwiPhondo lonke leNtshona Koloni.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.325.services.11524.10640.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkxaso-mali zokuthenga nokwakha izindlu zivuleleke kumashishini akushishino lophuhliso lomhlaba ukuwakhuthaza angene kumaphulo aqinisekisiweyo kwanokuze athengise imihlaba yokwakha iindawo zokuhlala ezenzelwe abo bantu bamelanayo neemfuno zokuzifumana. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke ngoko zenzelwe ukuba kuzuze abo bantu bamele ukuzifumana kuphela.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo?
Iinkxaso-mali ezayanyaniswe namaphulo ziya kuvuleleka kumashishini angena kumaphulo aqinisekisiweyo nasemthethweni. La mashishini ke amaxesha amaninzi aba ngoomaspala.
Amaphulo ezindlu kufuneka asekuelwe kwizigqibo eziquka bonke abantu (iimbumba zountu) phakathi kwaloo maqumrhu achaphazeleka ngqo kwimicimbi yelo phulo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uluntu oluza kuzuza kula maphulo kwakunye nabakhi kufuneka bavumelane ngohlobo lwezo zindlu kwakunye nendlela eziya kwakhiwa ngayo.
Iinkcukacha ngokuba ngoobani na abanelungelo lokufumana ezi nkxaso-mali kwakunye neenkqubo yezicelo ziqulethwe kulo Mgaqo Wezindlu Wesizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3342.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sisishwankathelo esingusaziwayo sawona macandelo abalulekileyo omthetho wepalamente yesizwe iBasic Conditions of Employment Act, ka-1997. Abasebenzi kufuneka babe nakho ukusifumana esi sishwankathelo kwiindawo abasebenza kuzo ngeelwimi ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni nezisetyenziswa kwezo ngingqi bahlala kuzo.
Ingaba wenzelwe bani lo Mthetho?
Lo Mthetho Ubophelela bonke abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngaphandle kwamalungu oMkhosi Wokhuselo Wesizwe, iQumrhu Lobuntlola Lesizwe, iQumrhu Leemfihlo loMzantsi Afrika kwakunye namavolontiya angahlawulwayo asebenzela imibutho yohlangulo.
Lo Mthetho kufuneka uhlonitshwe nokuba ezinye izigqibo sele zahlukile kuwo.
Eli candelo alibabopheleli abaphathi abakwizikhundla eziphezulu (abo banokuqesha, baluleke ze bagxothe), abasebenzi beentengiso abamsebenzi wabo ubahambisayo kwakunye nabasebenzi abasebenza iiyure ezingaphantsi kwamashumi amabini anesine ngenyanga.
kweeyure ezisibhozo ngosuku ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza iintsuku ezingaphezu kwesihlanu ngeveki.
Ukuba ixesha elongezelelweyo liyadingeka, abasebenzi kufuneka bavume ukulisebenza futhi abanakusebenza iiyure ezingaphezu kwesithathu zexesha elongezelelweyo ngosuku okanye ishumi leeyure zomsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo ngeveki.
Ixesha elongezelelweyo kufuneka lihlawulelwe ngentlawulo engumvuzo opheleleyo oqhelekileyo nesiqingatha sawo okanye ke ngokwezivumelwano bafumane ixesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo.
Ukulungiswa ngendlela elula kwamaxesha okusebenza kungancokolwa ukuba kukho isivumelwano phakathi kwabaqeshi nemanyano yabasebenzi ebhalisiweyo. Umzekelo, oku kungavumela amaxesha ekulula ukuphinda atshintshwe kumzalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni emva kwexesha elithile.
Iveki yomsebenzi oxinanisiweyo: ungavuma ukusebenza ukuya kuma kwishumi elinesibini leeyure ngosuku ze usebenze iintsuku ezimbalwa ngeveki. Noku ke kungabanceda abazalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni abo emva kwexesha elithile ngokuthi bafumane iimpela-veki ezinde.
Averaging: Isivumelwano sabasebenzi nabaqeshi singawavumela amaxesha empangelo ukuba ahlanganiswe ixesha eliziinyanga ezine. Umsebenzi obotshelelwe seso sivumelwano akanakho ukusebenza ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza elingaphezu kwamashumi amane anesihlanu eeyure ngeveki kwakunye nezinye iiyure ezintlanu zomsebenzi wexesha elingaphezu kweeyure ezintlanu ngeveki ngexesha lesi sivumelwano. Isivumelwano sabaqeshi nabasebenzi sokulinganisela ixesha lokusebenza kufuneka sincokolwe kwenziwe nezigqibo ngaso minyaka le.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokutya eliyimizuzu engamashumi amathandathu emva kweeyure ezintlanu zokusebenza. Kodwa ke isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi singalinciphisa eli xesha ngemizuzu engamashumi amathathu ze silisuse ixesha lokutya ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza ixesha elingaphantsi kweeyure ezintandathu.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokuphumla ntsuku zonke, xesha elo liziiyure ezilishumi elinesibini zilandelelana kwakunye nexeha lokuphumla leveki eliziiyure ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu zilandelelana ngeveki, ekufuneka, ngaphandle kokuba kuvunyelwene, ziquke umhla waCawe.
Umsebenzi othi ngamanye amaxesha asebenze ngeCawe kufuneka afumane umvuzo ophindwe kabini. Umsebenzi oqhele ukusebenza ngeCawe kufuneka ahlawulwe umvuzo wesiqhelo onesingatha. Singakho isivumelwano sexesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo kunokuba kuhlawulelwe umsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo.
Umsebenzi wasebusuku awukho mpilweni futhi ungakhokelela ezingozini. Oko ke kukuthi abasebenzi abasebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yesithandathu malanga nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka bafumane umvuzo owongeziweyo okanye ke basebenze iiyure ezimbalwa kunezo zasemini kodwa ngomvuzo olinganayo nalowo womsebenzi wasemini.
Izithuthi kufuneka zikho kodwa ke akunyanzelekanga ukuba ziphume kumqeshi.
abasebenzi abaqhele ukusebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yeshumi elinanye ebusuku nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka baxelelwe ngeengozi zempilo nezokhuseleko ezinokubahlasela ngelo xesha. Kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo ngabasebenzi bezempilo, abahlawulwa ngumqeshi. Kufuneka batshintshelwe ekusebenzeni emini ukuba ukusebenza ebusuku kubadalela ingxaki yezempilo. Zonke iziphumo zeentshukumo zokuhlolwa impilo kufuneka zigcinwe ziyimfihlo.
Abasebenzi kufuneka bayihlawulelwe nayiphi na iholide kawonke-wonke ethi ibekho phakathi evekini. Umsebenzi usebenza ngeholide kawonke-wonke kuphela ngokuthi avume ukwenza oko ze ahlawulwe ngomvuzo wesiqhelo ophindwe kabini. Iholide kawonke-wonke kungavunylwana ngumqeshi nomsebenzi ukuba kutshintshiselwane ngayo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha ukuya kufikelela kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amabini ananye zilandelelana zekhefu lonyaka okanye ke angene kwisivumelwano nomqeshi, usuku olunye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leentsuku ezisetyenziweyo okanye ke iyure ibe nye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Ikhefu kufuneka lithatyathwe kwixesha elingagqithanga kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuphela kwexesha lekhefu.
Umqeshi unokumhlawula kuphela umsebenzi endaweni yokumnika ikhefu ukuba loo msebenzi uthi awushiye loo msebenzi engazange alithabathe ikhefu abenelungelo lalo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela ikhefu lokugula elifikelela kwiiveki ezintandathu kwixesha lempangelo eliziinyanga ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu.
Kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala empangelweni umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela usuku olunye lwekhefu lokugula oluhlawulelwayo ngamashumi amabini anesithandathu eentsuku azisebenzileyo.
Umqeshi angafuna isiqinisekiso esisuka kugqirha sokuba umsebenzi lowo ubegula phambi kokuba amhlawule loo msebenzj ugule iintsuku ezimbini zilandelelana ngexesha okanye amaxesha angaphezu kwesibini kwiiveki ezisibhozo.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo angaphumla iinyanga ezifikelela kwisine zilandelelana zokuya kubeleka. Angalithabatha eli khefu nanini na ukusuka kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku ekulindeleke ukuba abeleke ngalo OKANYE ke ngosuku ugqirha okanye umzalisi athe lulungele impilo yakhe neyosana olo luseza kubelekwa. Akanakho futhi ukusebenza iiveki de zibe ntandathu emva kokuzalwa kosana lwakhe ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha okanye umzalisi uthe ukulungele ukusebenza.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo okanye oncancisayo akavumelekanga ukuba asebenze kwindawo enganobungozi kuye okanye kusana lwakhe.
Abasebenzi abasebenza ntsuku zonke banelungelo lokufumana ikhefu elihlawulelwayo lokuya kujongana neentsapho zabo eliziintsuku ezintathu ngonyaka xa bezicelela xa kuzalwa okanye kugula umntwana waloo msebenzi, okanye xa iqabane, umzali, umzali obemgcinile, umzali womzali, umntwana, umntwana obekhuliswa ngulo msebenzi, umzukulwana okanye umnakwabo okanye udad' wabo ethe wasutywa kukufa.
Umqeshi angabufuna ubungqina bokuba eli khefu bekunyanzelekile ukuba lithatyathwe.
Abaqeshi kufuneka banike abasebenzi babo abatsha iinkcukacha ngemisebenzi yabo kwakunye neemeko abaza kusebenza phantsi kwazo ngembalelwano. Oku ke kuquka ingcaciso ngalo naliphi na ibhunga elisebenza kwelo candelo loshishino ndawonye noluhlu lwazo naziphi na iimpepha ezinokuba lulutho.
usuku lokuzalwa kubasebenzi abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala.
esona sixa umsebenzi asihlawulwayo.
inani eligqibeleleyo leeyure ezisetyenziweyo ngexesha lokulinganisela, ukuba bekuvunyelwene ngoko.
imali le itsalwayo ivumelekile ngokomthetho, ngokwesivumelwano, ngokomyalelo wenkundla okanye iziphumo zongenelelo.
Imivuzo yeveki isekelwe kwinani leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Intlawulo yenyanga sisine kunye ne-1/3 kumaxesha omvuzo weveki.
kweeveki ezine, ukuba uqeshwe ixesha elingangonyaka okanye nangaphezulu.
Isaziso kufuneka sibhalwe phantsi ngaphandle kokuba sisuka kumsebenzi ongakwaziyo ukubhala.
Abasebenzi abahlala kwisakhiwo somqeshi kufuneka banikwe isaziso esiza kubanika inyanga phambi kokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi, saziso eso sibazisa ngokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi okanye ke banikwe enye indawo yokuhlala de ube umsebenzi lowo upheliswe ngokusemthethweni.
Umqeshi onikezela esi saziso akamnqandi umsebenzi ukuba aye kummangalela ngokuphelelwa kwakhe ngumsebenzi, oko ekwenza ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iLabour Relations Act okanye nangemigaqo yawo nawuphi na umthetho.
Umqeshi kufuneka ahlawule umsebenzi amgxhothileyo ngokweemfuno zomqeshi lowo intlawulo elingana neyeveki ngonyaka ngamnye kwelandelelanayo ayichithe emsebenzela.
Xa umsebenzi uphela, umsebenzi kufuneka anikwe iphetshana eliqinisekisa ukuba ukhe wasebenza apho.
Akukho mthethweni ukuqesha umntwana ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala.
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala abanakuwenza umsebenzi onganobungozi kubo okanye b enze umsebenzi omele ukwenziwa ngumntu omkhulu.
Akukho mthethweni ukunyanzelisa umntu ukuba asebenze.
asikuvumeli nangayiphi na indlela ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana njengabasebenzi okanye asivumeli mntu ukuba asetyenziswe ngokunyanzelwa.
Izivumelwano ezithatyathwe ngabasebenzi kunye nabaqeshi kwakunye nezo zithatyathwe ngumsebenzi okanye ngumqeshi ngamnye kufuneka zilandele imigaqo yalo mthetho.
UMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi angasenza isigqibo sokwahlula okanye sokususa imeko ethile engundoqo yokuphangela. Oku ke kusenokwenziwa ngokohlobo lwesicelo esifakwa ngumqeshi lowo okanye ngumbutho wabaqeshi.
Amaqumrhu olawulo kwicandelo ngalinye loshishino angenziwa ukuseka iimeko ezingundoqo zempangelo kubasebenzi kwicandelo elithile loshishino nengingqi ethile.
Lo Mthetho ukhupha igunya lokusekwa kweKomishoni Yeemeko Zempangelo ukuze icebise uMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abahloli bemicimbi yempangelo kufuneka bacebise abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabo kwimicimbi yempangelo. Bayahlola, baphande izikhalazo, bahlabe imibuzo kubantu abathile za bahlole, bakope ze bakhuphe iinkcukacha-mpepha ezithile.
Umhloli angakhupha umyalelo wokuhlonitshwa kwesigqibo esithile ngokuthi abhalele uMlawuli-Jikelele weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi, oya kuthi yena ajonge oko kubhalwe apho ze avume, atshintshe okanye arhoxise loo myalelo.
Esi sigqibo singacelelwa umngeni kwiNkundla Yemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abasebenzi akuvumelekanga ukuba baphathwe ngendlela enomkhethe ngenxa yokuba befune amalungelo abo ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho.
ukwala okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela umhloli wezempangelo okanye namphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.33496.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le mephu inikezela ngeenkcukacha ngeentshukumo neziganeko eziyakwenzeka eNtshona Koloni unyaka lo wonke.
Isisombululo Somgangatho Osezantsi File type: jpg; size: 1.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.3352.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ulwazi olufikeleleka lula kubasebenzi ngemakwenzeke xa kukho umonakalo nokwenzakala emsebenzini.
Xa ndinokuthi ndenzakale emsebenzini?
Xa ndinokuthi ndosuleleke sisifo ke?
Yazisa umphathi wakho ngoko nangoko (ngembalelwano ukuba unakho, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo ngaphambi kokuphela kolo suku). Fumana unyango lokuqala ukuba oko kuyimfuneko.
Umqeshi kufuneka agcwalise iphetshana elibizwa ngokuba "Yingxeloe Yomqeshi Ngengozi" ze akunike iSiqendu B salo, ekufuneka ulinike ugqirha okunyangayo.
Ugqirha okunyangayo kufuneka agcwalise "Ingxelo Yonyango Yokuqala" kwakunye ne-Akhawunti Yonyango.
Ukuba ukwenzakala kwakho kunobuzaza kakhulu futhi kuthabatha ixesha elide ukuphila, ugqirha wakho kufuneka agcwalise "Ingxelo Ngendlela Oluqhuba Unyango" rhoqo ngenyanga.
Umqeshi wakho kufuneka agcwalise "Ingxelo Yokubuyela Emsebenzini" xa ubuyela emsebenzini.
Izigulo Zasemsebenzini zingumvuka weemeko umntu asebenza phantsi kwazo emsebenzini. Angamashumi amabini anesibhozo amanqanaba Ezigulo Zasemsebenzini ezaziwayo nguMkomishinala Ojongene Neembuyekezo (kwiCandelo 3).
Umsebenzi wazisa umqeshi.
Ugqirha ungenisa iingxelo zonyango (eziquka eyendlela aqhuba ngayo umsebenzi lowo kunyango kwaneyokugqibela).
Umqeshi ugcwalisa "Ingxelo Yokubuyela Emsebenzini".
<fn>GOV-ZA.3520.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli ke liphetshana Elinikezela Ingcaciso Ngomhlaza Wesibeleko Kubasebenzi Bononophelo Lwempilo.
Iphetshana elenzelwe abasebenzi becandelo lononophelo lwempilo ngobuzaza bomhlaza wesibeleko, indlela ogqugqisa ngayo, ubudala bamanina akowona mngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sesi sifo nokuba kungenziwa ntoni na ngaso.
Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lolona hlobo lomhlaza lixhaphakileyo kumanina aseMzantsi Afrika.
Umntu ngamnye kumanina angama-41 eMzantsi Afrika uya kuthi ahlaselwe sesi sifo ekuphileni kwakhe.
Umhlaza wesibeleko uthinteleka ngokuthi kuhlolwe isibeleko kukhangelwa ukuba asikho mngciphekweni wakuhlaseleka na, hlolo olo lunokukhangela izinto ezingaqhelekanga nezidla ngokubakho xa umntu eza kuhlaselwa sisifo somhlaza, esaziwa ngokuba sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kwisibeleko nesele sisaziwa njengesilonda esingaphakathi kwisibeleko ngaphakathi.
Iinkqubo zeemvavanyo ezijoliswe kubemi bamazwe ngamazwe kwihlabathi lonke jikelele zibonakalise ukwehla kweemeko ezintsha zokuhlaselwa kwamanina ngumhlaza wesibeleko, nakwiimeko apho ezi nkqubo zingakhange zigqibelele ngokomgangatho.
Abantu basetyhini abasebatsha badla ngokuba neSIL ekumgangatho ophantsi. Uninzi lwala makhwiniba azibyela kwisimo sesiqhelo kwangokwawo. Abantu basetyhini abasele bekhulile abanala makhwiniba, noxa kunjalo, anethuba elikhulu lokukhula abe sisifo somhlaza.
Kuthatha malunga neshumi ukuya kumashumi amabini eminyaka ukukhula kwala maqalela esi sifo de abe sisifo somhlaza wesibeleko esigqibeleleyo.
Amanina abudala bungama-30 eminyaka nangaphezulu kufuneka afumane ezi mvavanyo zomhlaza wesibeleko kathathu . Ezi mvavanyo ke kufuneka zishiyane ngeshumi leminyaka. Ezi mvavanyo ezifana nezi zixelwe ngentla apha njengoko besele zichazwe njengezicutha ukubulawa sesi sifo ngamashumi amathandathu anesixhenxe ekhulwini yaye zithatyathwa njengeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu empokothweni yokulwa nesifo somhlaza wesibeleko apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini uneempawu ezithile okanye ukhe wenziwa uvavanyo olungakhange lufane nezinye mhlawumbi ngenxa yeempawu abe nazo okanye mhlawumbi kukho izikhokelo ezivela eklinikhi, umntu lowo angazifumana iimvavanyo ezisimahla sesifo somhlaza wesibeleko ngaphezu kwezo zintathu azifumanayo.
Ukuba umntu othile wasetyhini ufuna iimvavanyo zesi sifo ezingaphezu kwesithathu asifumana simahla, kuya kufuneka azihlawulele ngokwakhe ezo azo zongezelelwayo.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini lowo unama-55 nangaphezulu eminyaka ubudala ngexesha afumana uvavanyo lwakhe lokuqala lwesifo somhlaza wesibeleko, yaye uvavanyo olo alunamakhwiniba, akufuneki kuphindwe kwenziwe zimvavanyo kuye.
Ukulandelwa kuhle kweemeko kwanokuthunyelwa kwala manina kumanye amaziko.
Ukufundiswa koluntu ekuhlaleni ngokubaluleka kweemvavanyo zesifo somhlaza wesibeleko.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.projects.14716.84431.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-Cape Access le ijolise ekuboneleleni abantu abahluphekayo beli phondo lethu (abangenakumelana nokuthenga iikhompyutha) ngendlela yokufikelela kwiikhompyutha, I-internet, I-email kwanolwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente, ekungoku nje luyafumaneka kwiwebsite yeCape Gateway.
Amalinge angaphambili okuziswa kweekhompyutha ne-internet kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni okanye ezihlelelekileyo zaphanza, azakwazi nokufumana kuqala umdla notyalo lwezi ngingqi kanye zincedwayo, oko ke kwakhokelela ekungasetyenzisweni ngendlela kwezo zibonelelo.
I-Cape Access ithabatha indlela yexesha elide ngokusebenzisa eli Phulo Lokufikelela Kwiingingqi kubantu Beengingqi Ezisemaphandleni ngokuthi kuqala kusekwe amabhunga okujongana nokunxibelelana ngeekhompyutha kwezo ngingqi kujoliswe kuzo. La mabhunga neendibano zabameli beengingqi zonke ezinomdla ekufikeleleni kwezi zibonelelo.
La mabhunga onxibelelwano ngeekhompyutha angathi akhe amakhonco entsebenziswano ze agxininise ekulondolozeni ezo khompyutha nezixhobo ze-internet sele zikho, umzekelo, ezo zisezikolweni nezo zikumaziko okubambela imicimbi eyahlukeneyo yasekuhlaleni, ze futhi aqinisekise ukuziswa kwezixhobo ezintsha nezisebenzisekayo eluntwini, ngokusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo afana nePhulo Lamathala Eencwadi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ezisele zikho akuyi kusoloko kwanele ingakumbi kwiinginqi apho kukho izibonelelo ezimbalwa. IPhulo Lamathala Eencwadi ngoko ke lijoliswe ekuzisweni kwendlela yokufikelela kumathala eencwadi.
Amathala eencwadi amathathu, aneempawu zeengingqi ezikumagqagala amaphandle, zeengingqi ezisezidolophini kodwa ezingadanga zagqibelela, nezo zineempawu zeengingqi ezisezidolophini zakhethwa. Ezi ndawo zathi zahlolwa kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bobugcisa bale mihla ukuqinisekisa ukulungelelana kwazo namaphulo la. Izifundo ezinokuba lulutho kakhulu kumele zifundwe ekuhlolweni kwala maphulo amathala eencwadi, aza kukhokelela ekunabeni kwephulo lamathala eencwadi.
I-Cape Access yinkqubo yexesha elide. Abemi abangakwazi kufikelela kwi-internet, sele belufumana ulwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente kwiwebsite yeCape Gateway ngomnxeba kule nombolo: 0860 142 142, okanye banokuya nakwiziko labatyeleli kwa-142 kwisitalato iLong, Ekapa.
UMthetho Osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa kweKomishoni Yolutsha yeNtshona Koloni wanikezelwa kwiPalamente yePhondo ngomhla weshumi elinesixhenxe kwinyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004, kwakwesi sithuba seentsuku ezilikhulu zokuqala.
Lo Mthetho Usaqulunqwayo wathi wapapashwa kwiphepha-ndaba likarhulumente ukuze uluntu lufake izimvo. Xa ithuba eliziintsuku ezingamashumi amabini ananye lokufakwa kwezimvo sele ligqithile, iKomiti ephethe lo mcimbi iya kuqwalasela izmvo ezingenileyo, phambi kokuba kudliwane iindlebe ze kuphunyezwe umthetho osaqulunqwayo wokugqibela.
Uxanduva lwale Komishoni Yolutsha isacetywayo luya kuba kukunceda urhulumente acwangcise, abe liliso, ze avavanye iinkqubo zikarhulumente ngokubhekiselele kwiziphumo nanjengokuba zichaphazela ulutsha. Amashumi amathandathu anesihlanu eepesenti zabemi beli phondo bangaphantsi kwamashumi amathathu anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala.
Le Komishoni iya kuba nolunye uxanduva lokuphakamisa umanyano loluntsha nokuthandwa kweli lizwe kwanokunceda njengekhonco eliqhaqamshela le Komishoni neKomishoni Yesizwe Yolutsha kunye namanye amaqumrhu ephondo nawamakhaya olutsha.
Eli qumrhu lisacetywelwa le Komishoni ngamalungu amathathu asisigxina kunye namalungu angagqithanga kwisithandathu angeso sigxina, kunye neGosa Lolawulo Eliyintloko.
UMthetho Osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa Kwebhunga Lophuhliso loMthetho wePhondo wangeniswa kwiPalamente yePhondo ze wapapashwa kwiphepha-ndaba likarhulumente ukuze uluntu lufake izimvo ngomhla weshumi elinesibhozo kwinyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004, konke oku kusenzeka kwakwezi ntsuku zokuqala zilikhulu.
IBhunga Lophuhliso lwePhondo yibhodi enguvuka wokuwiswa komthetho enoxanduva lokujongana, ukuqala nokuba liliso kwizivumelwano phakathi bathabathai inxexheba kweli phondo. Umthetho olungisa longaphambili kuyanyanzeleka ukho ukuze kuhlaziywe umthetho osemva ngemiba elawula eli bhunga.
Ukuvalwa komzi-mveliso iNovel e-Atlantis, anasebenzi abangamakhulu amathathu kwanyanzeleka ukuba baphelelwe yimisebenzi. I-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso yazibandakanya ukuzama ukuqinisekisa ukuxhaswa ngezimali ukuthengwa nokuphinda kuvulwe kwalo mzi-mveliso yinkampani yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.projects.14936.125465.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeli phulo kukuqinisekisa ukumiselwa kwenkqubo yokulungiswa kwemigaqo eliza kuqesha inani elandisiweyo labantu baloo ngingqi abaza kwenza lo msebenzi.
Le Nkqubo Yokulungiswa Kwemigaqo iyiZenzele ijolise kudaleleni abantu beengingqi ekwenzeka kuzo olu phuhliso amathuba engqesho. Le nkqubo ke ilinyathelo lenkubo Yasekuhlaleni Yemisebenzi Yoluntu yaye lijolise ekuphuculeni imigaqo esele ikho ngokuthi iqeshe abantu basekuhlaleni kwezo ngingqi zophuhliso ukuba ibe ngabo abasebenzayo apho.
Le nkqubo Yasekuhlaleni Yemisebenzi Yoluntu isebenzisana noomaspala ekuchongeni iingingqi ekuza kwenziwa kuzo le misebenzi kwanokuqalisa ngala maphulo ophuhliso. Amaphulo ke kwezi ngingqi kuza kusetyenzwa kuzo aphantsi kweliso labaphathi beli phulo leZenzele abaqeshwe ngezibhambathiso zengqesho. Ukuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba luluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwiingingqi eyenzeka kuzo le misebenzi kuphantsi kweliso lwabaphathi bale nkqubo abahlalela imihlangano noluntu ekuhlaleni.
Baphakathi kweshumi elinesibini namashumi amabini anesihlanu Abasebenzi Abajongene Nophuhliso Lwasekuhlaleniabaqeshwe yile nkqubo isithuba seenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini kwiphulo ngalinye. Le nkqubo ke ithi yenze uphando ngezakhono abanazo aba basebenzi basekuhlaleni iza kubaqesha yaye indlela ekuqeshwa ngayo iwuqwalasela ngokubanzi umba wesini yaye ikwajolise nasekuthabatheni ulutsha. Abasebenzi basekuhlaleni aba baqeshelwe ukusebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amathandathu ngenyanga yaye bakwanikwa neebhayisekile ukubanceda bafikelele lula kwiingingqi abasebenzela kuzo.
Iintshukumo zomsebenzi ziquka ukutshentula izityalo ezingafunekiyo, ukucoca iidreyni, ukulahla inkukuma nokhula emigaqweni, ukulungisa imingxunya kwanokuhlamba iimpawu zendlela kwakunye neenkcenkce ezilumkisa ngeengozi. Aba basebenzi bakwanikezela nengxelo ngezinto ezifuna ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza. Umsebenzi ngamnye unikwa malunga nekhilomitha yomgaqo.
Le nkqubo Yasekuhlaleni Yemisebenzi Yoluntu ikwanikezela nangoqeqesho lokulungisa imigaqo kubasebenzi abajongene nophuhliso lwasekuhlaleni. Izikhulu zasekuhlaleni ziqinisekisa ukuba aba basebenzi bawenze kakuhle na umsebenzi yaye zijolise ekuchongeleni aba basebenzi amathuba asenokubavelela ekuhambeni kwexesha afana nolunye uqeqesho, ukufakwa kwizithuba zengqesho okanye amathuba okuzivulela awabo amashishini.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.projects.14968.101464.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ndixelele banzi ngeli phulo.
Ingaba ndiza kulifumana liziinkozo eli waka leerandi?
Ingaba avalwa nini amangenelo kweli phulo?
Ingaba ndingaqwafaka agqithileyo kwisinye Ukuba ndinemibono engaphezu kwesinye yoshishino?
Ingaba ndingangenela ukuba sele ndinalo kakade ishishini?
Ingaba kuya kufuneka ndiyibuyise le mali?
Ingaba abantu abagqithileyo kwisinye bosapho olunye bangawafaka amangenelo abo kweli phulo?
Ingaba sinhgayihlanganisa le mali/Singangenela kunye?
Ukuba ishishini lithi libhange?
Ingaba kungakho nabani na onokusinceda?
Andivisisani nomcebisi wam, ndingenza ntoni?
Malunga neli phuloUrhulumente wephondo leNtshona Koloni uya kube enikezela kumntu ngamnye kwiwaka labantuabangaphangeliyo , iwaka leerandi ukuze baqalise amashishini angawabo. Ekufuneka ukwenzile nje wena kukuza nombono OPHILILEYO woshishino. Ukuba siwuthandile loo mbono, siya kukunika iwaka leerandi kwakunye neengcebiso EZISIMAHLA zengcali yezoshishino.
Namphi na ummi woMzantsi Afrika ongaphezu kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala, ohlala eNtshona Koloni agangenela.
Khawufumane imithetho kwakunye nentengiso apha.
Emva koko, kuya kuthi kuqhagamshelwane nabo bonke abo bafake izicelo ukuqinisekisa iinkcukacha zabo.
Ekupheleni kwenyanga yeSilimela, kuya kukhutshwa kuvakaliswe iwaka lamagama.
Aba bafaki-zicelo baya kuncediswa ekuqulunqeni imibono yoshishino ngokwendlela abawaboba ngayo amashishini abo ngokuthi bancedwe ngumcebisi.
Baya kuba nenyanga ukuqoshelisa oku.
Eli waka leerandi liya kuthi ke linikezelwe.
Kwisithuba sexesha eliziinyanga ezintathu emva koko, eli shishini liya kuncediswa ze kubekwe iliso kulo ngumcebisi ekunyanzelekileyo ukuba abe kulo.
Uhlolo lokugqibela luya kwenziwa ze abaphumeleleyo baziswe ngenyanga kaCanzibe ku-2006.
Abaphumeleleyo baya kufumana emnye ukuya kuma kwisihlanu samawaka eerandi ngeenjongo zokwandisa amashishini abo.
Eli linyathelo leSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho.
Ingaba ndiza kulifumana eli waka leerandi liziinkozo?
Ingaba avalwa nini amangenelo kweli phulo?
Ingaba ndingawafaka amangenelo angaphaya kwesinye Ukuba ndinemibono yoshishino engaphaya kwesinye Hayi, kuya kufuneka ukhethe owona mbono ungakuphumelelisa kweli phulo?
Hayi eli phulo lijoliswe kubantu abangaphangeliyo kuphela. Lenzelwe abantu abangenangeniso konke-konke.
Ingaba kuya kufuneka ndiyibuyise le mali?
Ewe, noxa kunjalo, amashishini angaphumeleliyo, awayi kohlwaywa kodwa ke kuya kufuneka aphendule ukuba ayitheni na imali. Apho kufunyaniswa uukba imali yasetyenziswa ngendlela engenankathalo, okanye yasetyenziselwa omnye umbno woshishino ongenguwo lowo ibikhutshelwe wona, umthabathi-nxaxheba kuya kufuneka ayibuyise le mali.
Ingaba amalungu osapho olunye angaphaya kwesinye angangenela kweli phulo?
Ewe, umntu azingenele ngokwakhe futhi ngombono wakhe woshishino.
Ingaba singayihlanganisa imali yethu okanye singenele kunye?
Hayi, kufuneka umbono omye woshishino kumntu ngamnye.
Hayi, bonke abemi bangangenela, kodwa ke kufuneka ube akuphangeli.
Ukuba ishishini lithi lingaphumeleli?
Akuyi kohlwaywa ukuba ishishini lakho lithi lingaphumeleli, kodwa ke, kuya kufuneka uchaze zonke iinkqubo ozilandeleyo kwelo shishini.
Ingaba uya kubakho umntu onokusinceda Ewe, umntu ngamnye uya kunikwa umcebisi EKUNYANZELEKILEYO ukuba abekho?
Andivisisani nomcebisi wam, ndingenza ntoni Izikhalazo/ukungoneliseki kungathunyelwa kumlawuli oyintloko weli phulo oya kuthi yena awushukuxe loo mba ngendlela ewufaneleyo?
Kakade, ngelixa ungekaphangeli okanye ungengomfundi ngexesha lesi sicelo, ungasifaka isicelo sakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.projects.14973.94688.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iBambanani Against Crime lijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iiholide zokuphela konyaka zika2004/2005 zikhuselekile ngokuthi landise ukubonakala nokufikeleleka kwamapolisa kwiindawo ezixakekileyo, kuquka iilwandle, oololiwe kwanamaziko aneevenkile.
Kwiiholide zehlobo lika-2004/2005 amapolisa namanye amaqumrhu ajongene nokunyanzeliswa kokuthotyelwa komthetho ekunye namavolontiya asekuhlaleni kwakunye namalungu amaqoqo ajongene nolwaphulo-mthetho kwiingingqi ezithile aya kube athabatha inxaxheba kwiPhulo Leeholide Ezikhuselekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abemi nabatyeleli bonwabela iKrismesi noNyaka Omtsha omyoli nokhuselekileyo.
Iphulo lonyaka ophelileyo leeholide zokuphela konyaka ezikhuselekileyo zakhokelela kwelona xesha leeholide zokuphela konyaka likhuselekileyo eNtshona Koloni kwishumi leminyaka.
ekuhlaleni - ngokuthi kuthunyelwe amagosa okhuselo kwiingingqi zokuhlala ezinobungozi kakhulu kwanokubeka ixesha lokuvalwa kweendawo ezithengisa nekuselelwa kuzo utywala iilwandle - ngokunyanzeliswa kokuvalwa kokuselwa kotywala kwanokongeza ukhuseleko kwiilwandle nokwenza amalungiselelo eentshukumo zokuzonwabisa oololiwe - ngokongezwa kokhuseleko, kuquka nokukhangelwa kwezikhali nezinye izinto ezinobungozi rhoqo kwakunye nolunye ukhuselo lwabakhweli boololiwe ezindleleni - ngokuthi kujongwane nokuqhutywa kwezithuthi abantu bephantsi kweempembelelo zotywala, ukumiswa kwezithuthi ezindleleni kwakunye neenkundla ezizodwa kwimigaqo u-N1 no-N2.
kumaziko aneevenkile, kwiintshukumo zoluntu nezasekuhlaleni - ngokuthi kwandiswe ukhuseleko.
iBambanani (igama lesiXhosa elithetha ukuthi yimani kunye/manyanani) lenzelwe ukumanya bonke abantu namahlakani ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho. IBambanani le iphuhlisa futhi iphakamise ubudlelwane phakathi kwamapolisa noluntu ekuhlaleni futhi ikwakhuthaza nokuba uluntu luzidle ngendima yalo ekuthintelweni kolwaphulo-mthetho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.projects.14995.82971.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2004 bekusekho ishumi elinesibini lezikolo ezisebenza ngaphandle kombane eNtshona Koloni. Kweli khulu lokuqala leentsuku, ezintandathu kwezi zikolo zafakelwa umbane ngokuthi zidityaniswe nebhokisi yamandla ombane esembindini, njengoko yathembisa iNkulumbuso, ze ezinye ezintathu zafakelwa nazo kwenye ibhokisi yamandla ombane, efana nenjini yediesel, okanye amandla ombane welanga.
Ukufakelwa kombane kukhangeleka kunganefuthe elikhulu kakhulu kubafundi. Le nkqubo yokufakelwa kombane iya kuqhubekeka kwezi zikolo zintandathu ziseleyo.
Usasazo ngesiXhosa luthetha "ukunikezela" "nokusasaza". Eli gama yinkcazelo ephaphamileyo yembali yesi sikolo. Phantse de kube lishumi leminyaka, esi sikolo besisoloko sikhangela ikhaya elisisigxina. Isikolo Usasazo kungoku nje side sabe kanti sibuyela ekhayeni kwisakhiwo saso, esigqitywe ukwakhiwa ngenyanga yeThupha ngo-2004, eBangisa Drive, eKhayelitsha.
Ukugqitywa kwesi sikolo kwaba sisithembiso seNkulumbuso njengengxenye yezinye iinkonzo eziya kunikezelwa kwiintsuku ezilikhulu nje kungeniwe kwiintambo zolawulo lukarhulumente omtsha weli phondo.
Ibali le-Usasazo liqala ngokunikezelwa kwezikolo ezimbalwa kakhulu liSebe Lemfundo Noqeqesho lexesha leminyaka ephambi ko-1994. Ukwanda kwemfuduko ukusuka eMpuma Koloni ukuya kwingingqi yaseKhayelitsha, okwalandela ukususwa komthetho iGroup Ares Act neminye imimiselo eyayilawula ukufudukela kwabantu kwiindawo ezithile zeli lizwe kwaphakamisa isidingo sokwakhiwa kwezikolo kule ngingqi.
Kodwa kwathi kusenjalo, abantu ekuhlaleni bala bezama ukubonisa urhulumente ngeendlela ezingaginyisi mathe besithi akuyi kulunga tu ukufakwa kwabo bafundi kwelo hlomela-dolophu futhi kwacaca mhlophe nakwiSebe eli neKEF ukuba kufuneka kuxozwe mphini wumbi ukuze kusonjululwe le mbambano.I-KEF yathetha-thethana nabahlali baseMaitland icela ukusebenzisa umhlaba owawukumgangatho osezantsi kakhulu futhi ungasetyenziswa kuloo ngingqi. Abahlali baseMaitland balixhasa eli nyathelo ze bavuma ekubeni kuhlanganiswe izikolo ezimbini esele zisebenza kula ngingqi, ze kwenziwe esinye sezo zikolo sivuleleke kubafundi abasuka eKhayelitsha.
Umaspala wesixeko saseKapa wathi ke wachonga umhlaba ekunokwakhiwa kuwo isikolo esitsha eKhayelitsha njengengxenye yenkqubo yokufakwa ngokutsha kweentsapho ezihlala kumatyotyombe kwisiza sesikolo kwingingqi yeKuyasa, ze iSebe Lemisebenzi Yoluntu Nothutho lanikezela esi siza kwinkampani eyakhayo ukuze iqale ukwakha ngomhla wamashumi amathathu kwinyanga yoMqungu kunyaka ka-2002.
Aba bakhi bawugqiba lo msebenzi wokwakha ngenyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004. Ixabiso leli phulo laba lishumi lezigidi namakhulu asixhenxe amawaka eerandi.
Abafundi abangeni kwezi zakhiwo ngoko nangoko, ukunqanda ukuphazamisana neemviwo zematriki zenyanga yoMsintsi, eziphela ngomhla weshumi elinesixhenxe kwinyanga yoMsintsi. Okwangoku, abakhi baya kulungisa naziphi na iimpazamo kwisakhiwo eso ze baqinisekise futhi ukuba isiza eso sibalungele abafundi xa isikolo eso singena ngempelaveki esuka kwishumi elinesixhenxe ukuya kwishumi elinethoba kule nyanga.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.projects.15009.82952.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kubekho izigulana ezingamawaka amane namakhulu ezifumana amachiza onyango lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo (ii-ARVs ngamafuphi) mihla le kumaziko onyango anagamashumi amabini anesithathu, nani elo elenyuke ukusuka kumawaka amabini anamakhulu amathathu namashumi amathathu anesixhenxe ekupheleni kwenyanga yoKwindla apha ku-2004, kudlulwa lee kwinani ebekujoliswe kulo elingamawaka amathathu ezigulana elamiselwa eli khulu lokuqala leentsuku yiNkulumbuso. Elona ziko likhulu lonyango likwisibhedlele iTygerberg, apho izigulana ezingamakhulu amane anamashumi amathandathu anesine zifumana khona unyango.
Inkqubo yeNtshona Koloni yamachiza okunyanga intsholongwane kaGawulayo iceba ukuseka amaziko amachiza onyango lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo angamashumi amathathu anesithandathu ngenyanga yoKwindla kunyaka ka-2005 ze ibonelele ngala machiza ntsuku zonke kwizigulana ezingamawaka amathandathu (ezithelekelelwa ukuba zisisiqingatha sezo zidinga olu nyango) ngenyanga yoKwindla ngo-2005.
Le nkqubo yokunikezelwa kwala machiza okulwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo yaqala kumaziko ezempilo anezixhobo ezifanelekileyo nabasebenzi baseklinikhi abanamava adingekayo, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba la machiza eqale anikezelwa kwizibhedlele ezikhulu kuphela.
Ekugqibeleni, kuya kwakhiwa ukusuka kumashumi amane anesihlanu ukuya kumashumi amahlanu amaziko kwiminyaka nje emibini, maziko lawo aya kuba ubukhulu becala ngamaziko ononophelo lwenqanaba lokuqala, izibhedlele zona zinikezele kuphela ngenkxaso yenqanaba lesibini nelesithathu apho umntu athunyelwe khona yiklinikhi yakhe.
Izigulana kufuneka zimelane neemfuno ezithile - ezempilo nezesimo sengqondo ngokwasekuhlaleni - phambi kokuba zinikwe unyango lwala machiza alwa noGawulayo.
Kukho izibuko elibekwe embindini wazo zonke iziyobisi ezilwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, eliqale ukusebenza ngomhla wesihlanu kwinyanga yeKhala, esebenzisa inkampani yokuthutha iposi ngokwezivumelwano zethenda ukuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa kwala machiza kwangethuba kuwo -onke amaziko.
Iziko lonyango ngalinye sele liqeqeshe abantu abaza kucebisa bancede, abaqeshwe ngaphantsi kwenkampani enikwe isibhambathiso sokusebenza, nkampani leyo engumbutho ongajonge ngeniso futhi zonke izigulana ziyakhuthazwa ukuba zibe nenkxaso esekuhlaleni. Eli Sebe liya kuhlola iindlela zenkxaso ekuhlaleni ze zazise ngokusesikweni inkxaso ephuma ekuhlaleni kunyaka-mali olandelayo.
Kukwakho nemibutho emithathu esebenza phantsi kwezibhambathiso enikezela ngoqeqesho kubasebenzi bamaziko empilo oluntu eNtshona Koloni, beqeqeshelwa ukukwazi ukunikezela unyango lwala machiza alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
INkqubo Yonyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo iyingxenye yesicwangciso iNational Comprehensive HIV and AIDS iNtshona Koloni enikelwe yona amashumi amabini anesithathu ezigidi namashumi asibhozo ananye amawaka eerandi kunyaka-mali u-200/2005. INgxowa-mali Yehlabathi Yokulwa noGawulayo, Isifo Seengcongconi neSifo Sephepha inikezela ngamashumi amabini anesine sezigidi namakhulu alithoba amawaka eerandi, mali leyo eza kukhutshelwa ixesha eliqala ngenyanga yeThupha ukuya kuma ngenyanga yeKhala ngo-2005 isenzelwa le nkqubo yamachiza alwa noGawulayo kumaziko amahlanu kwiNqila yeKapa.
Ezona njongo sele zifeziwe ze kwagqithelwa ngaphaya kwazo ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamaqhina entsebenziswano nabaxhasi abohlukeneyo namaqumrhu aphuma kumazwe angaphandle asele enikezele ngezibonelelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukunceda ekumelaneni neentlawulo zamachiza nezamaziko ophando kumanye amaziko onyango, kwanokuzinikela nokuhlangana kwamanye amahlakani, kuquka nemibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente, uluntu jikelele, abaphandi, izifundiswa kunye nabasebenzi baseziklinikhi.
Amacebo amatsha, kuquka nendlela yokuqesha, indlela ekhawulezileyo yokulandwa kwamayeza nenye indlela yamaqela kwizigulana ezinezigulo ezondeleyo kodwa zikwimeko exolisayo, awanciphisile amaxesha okulinda amade ekufuneka izigulana ziwalinde kula maziko.
Ngokwale ndlela yokuqesha, izigulana kufuneka zifike ngaphambi kwexesha lokudibana nabezonyango iyure phambi kwelo xesha libekiweyo ukuze zilande amaxwebhu azo ze zibe nokulinda kwindawo yokulinda.
Indledlana ekhawulezileyo yokulandwa kwamayeza ithetha ukuba inani lamayeza adingwa zizigulana lilo eliya kuba nefuthe ekubeni ziya kulinda ixesha elingakanani na izigulana: Ukuba isigulana sidinga kuphela iyeza elinye okanye amabini, siya kuncedwa ngokukhawuleza, kodwa xa sidinga amayeza amaninzi kuya kufuneka silinde.
Le ndlela yezigulana ezinezigulo ezondeleyo kodwa ezikwimeko exolisayo iquka ukwenziwa kwamadinga amane ukuya kwamathandathu ngabasebenzi baseklinikhi kwizigulana ezikule nkqubo yamaqela. Izigulana ziyacetyiswa ukuba ukuba aziziva mnandi akufuneki zilinde amadinga azo amaqela, kodwa zityelele iCHC ekufutshane nazo ngoko nangoko.
ISebe Lezempilo lizinikele ekunikezeleni rhoqo ngamayeza. Izigulana azisayi kuphinda zibuyiselwe emva kumakwazo nephetshana le-IOU ukuze zibuye ngosuku olulandelayo zize kulanda amayeza azo.
Abalawuli bala maziko nabo ngoku sele beqeshiwe kwiiklinikhi ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinguqu ezenziweyo ziya kuqhuba kakuhle.
Kuninzi lweeklinikhi umbhalo ocacileyo ubekwe elubala, ofana negama le-CHC leyo kwakunye nombhalo ngaphakathi kwiziko elo elinikezela umkhondo kwizigulana ukuze ziye kwiindawo ezinokufumana kuzo uncedo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11429.9609.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokujongana nempilo yezilwanyana sele zisebenza, umzekelo, inkqubo yokuphelisa iBovine Tuberculosis neBrucellosis. Ukuxilongwa kweenkunzi zegusha ukufumanisa ukuba azinazifo zangaphantsi na kwakunye nokuchuma nako kuyenziwa. Amaphulo okukhangelwa kwezifo ayenziwa nawo xa kukho ubungqina bokuba kukho izifo ezichaphazela kabuhlungu umhlambi weli phondo. Amafama emfuyo acetyiswa rhoqo ukuba ngeendlela zezempilo zokuthintela izifo kwakunye nangeendlela zokulawula amazinga bobukho bezifo.
Ukuze ufikelele kule nkonzo, tyelela i-Ofisi yoMbuso kaGqirha Wezilwanyana ekufutshane nawe. Ukuba unakho, kulicebiso eliphilileyo ukwenza idinga kwangaphambi kolu tyelelo.
Ixabiso lixhomekeka kuhlobo lwemibuzo oza nayo, kwanasekubeni umnini wesilwanyana eso ume njani na ngokwasesipajini. Kubantu abavela kwiindawo ezihluphekileyo nezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi kulandelwa inkqubo 'kahlawula-ngokwamandla-akho'.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11441.10050.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo inikezelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngentsebenziswano neNkonzo Yethala Leencwadi yeNtshona Koloni. Amathala eencwadi ngamaziko olwazi kubantwana nabantu abadala. Uluntu lunakho ukufumana okanye luboleke iincwadi, iincwadi ezincedisa ekufundiseni, amacwecwe omculo, imiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, amacwecwe okugcina ulwazi, amaphepha-ndaba kwakunye namaphepha aveliswa ngamaxesha athile kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nabo.
Amathala eencwadi yinkonzo yoluntu ekhuthaza ukufunda, ephuhlisa ulwazi oluphangaleleyo, ebonelela ngokubukelwa kwemiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, eququzelela iintshukumo, yaye ebonelela ngeenkqubo zeholide kubafundi kwakunye neeyure zamabali kwiimveku. IiKona zamaShishini Asakhulayo kumathala eencwadi athile zibonelela ngoncwadi oluneengcebiso zoshishino kubantu abanamashishini.
Ikhadi lethala leencwadi liyafuneka ukuze ukwazi ukuboleka, ukubuyisa okanye ukuphinda kubolekwe impahla yethala leencwadi elo. Amalungu ethala leencwadi anakho ukufaka izicelo zokuboleka kumanye amathala eencwadi. Amathala eencwadi akwanikezela ngeenkonzo zokukopa kuluntu yaye amanye anikezela nge-internet simahla.
Ubulungu bexeshana buyafumaneka kubaboleki abasebenzisa amathala eencwadi angaphandle kweengingqi zoomaspala babo.
Ikhadi lobulungu bethala leencwadi linikezelwa xa ubhalisa kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nalapho uhlala khona. Kufuneka uye nencwadana yakho yesazisi ze ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo sekhadi lethala leencwadi. Uya kulifumana ikhadi lakho lobulungu ngeposi kwiiveki nje ezimbini.
Ubulungu Bethala Leencwadi busimahla.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11442.10441.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho lingawathumela amafama kuthotho lweenkqubo zokuwaxhobisa ngolwazi, inkxaso noqeqesho.
Okwakaloku nje ngoku kusajoliswe ingakumbi ekuxhaseni iintshukumo zophuhliso neentengiso kweemveliso zomgquba ngenxa yeemfuno zoluntu lweli lizwe nolwamazwe angaphandle, iinzuzo zezi zokulima ngokweendlela zokuvelisa zemvelo kwanokuzigcina zikho, kwanenyaniso yokuba indlela yokulima iimveliso zomgquba iba lulutho ekulimeni kwamafama asakhasayo.
Amafama alima iimveliso zomgquba angafikelela kuqeqesho, inkxaso yoshishino neyokuzithengisa kwanoncedo lweengcali zoshishino lwezolimo ngokwenkqubo yenkxaso kushishino lwezolimo. Uphuhliso lwamafama alima iimveliso zomgquba luxhaswa iBhunga Lophando Kwezolimo, ngokwequmrhu elithunywe sisizwe, kwakunye ne- Elsenberg.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11443.10842.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ichaza imisebenzi yeNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso kwanokuba zingafikeleleka njani ezinye iinkonzo zayo. Ifanele ingakumbi umntu osaqala phantsi ishishini, kodwa ke zikwakho neenkonzo ezifanele nezinokuba lulutho kwiinkampani namashishini amakhulu.
Yintoni iNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso?
Ingxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso yaphindwa yasekwa kwakhona ngenyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2004 nguMphathiswa Wezoshishino Neentengiso uMandisi Mpahlwa ukuze iphinde ijongane futhi ihlaziye ezi njongo.
Khawufunde banzi ngembali yayo kwiwebsite yayo.
Eyona njongo yayo kukukhokela iinzame zokuqinisekisa ukulingana ngokoqoqosho neenguqu, oko ke ibe kukwandisa amathuba ezabelo kwezi nzame zophuhliso.
Ukuwiswa kwetshata yophuhliso ephangaleleyo, imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente kwakunye nezinye iitshata zamanye amacandelo; kwakunye nendlela eyiyo yokuqonda iimfuno zentengiso zangoku kukhokelele kwigunya elitsha nalo elithe lakhokelela kwiintsika eziphuhlileyo zentsebenzo kushishino llwale ngxowa-mali.
Iinkonzo Zeengcebiso, eziya kujongana nemigangatho ngokulandelelana kwayo kwakunye nokuqinisekiswa kokusebenza kweetshata kurhulumente kwakunye neenkampani zabucala.
Iinkonzo Zeenguqu Kumashishini Abucala, eziya kuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqu ezijoliswe kumashishini abucala nakumanqanaba emimandla zihlala zisenzeka ngendlela ethile eqingqwe ngokuqwalaselwa kwemiba yesizwe ebalulekileyo.
Iinkonzo Zokwenziwa Kweemalike, eziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekujonganeni amathuba okutyala kwinkqubo yohuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama, mathuba lawo aya kuqinisekisa ukugcinakala kobunini kwakunye neenguqu kwalapha kweli candelo leHDP.
Iinkqubo Zamaqela Nezabanini-mashishini, uphuhliso lwamashishini kwakunye nokusebenzisana ngendlela yokuseka iintlangano ezinefuthe leenkampani ezahlukeneyo ukuphuhlisa iinkonzo neemveliso.
Uthini uMgaqo weNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso?
Le ngxowa-mali ijolise ekuxhaseni ngezimali amaqela ophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama azimiseleyo ekusebenzeni ngendlela eya kuba nefuthe elililo kwiintshukumo zoqoqsho ngokuphakamisa amathuba eenguqu.
Kujoliswe ikakhulu kuphuhliso lwemimandla neendawo zokuhlala ukuzama ukuncedisana nokukhula kwamashishini.
Ingxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso iya kunikezela nangenkonzo yeengcebiso ngophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama kurhulumente namashishini abucala ukuncedisana nokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwale tshata kuwo onke amacandelo.
Le ngxowa-mali iya kuba nefuthe elibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso lwesicwangciso-qhinga ukwandisa iinguqu kwezo ngingqi nakuloo macandelo kujoliswe kuwo kuqoqosho.
Le ngxowa-mali iya kuncedisana noluntu oluhlala kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ekuziphuculeni ngokusebenzisa ezi nkonzo zinikezelwayo apha.
Le ngxowa-mali iya kusebenza njengesikhundla seengxoxo namashishini abucala kwisicwangciso-qhinga sawo soshishino nesemizi-mveliso ngeenjongo zokuza neenguqu nokuqinisekisa uphuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama.
Le ngxowa-mali iya kusebenza njengomngeneleli phakathi kwamacandelo amashishini abucala, awaseburhulumenteni kwakunye nawophuhlisa kwiinjongo zokuza neenguqu nezokuqinisekisa ukuphuhliswa koqoqosho lwabamnyama kuquka uphuhliso lwamashishini.
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo Senkxaso-mali?
Iintshukumo zenkxaso-mali zale Ngxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso okwakaloku nje zisajolise ikakhulu kwiNkxaso Yabanini-mashishini, ekho kwicandelo Leenkqubo Zamaqela Nabanini-mashishini. Le nkonzo inikezela ngeemveliso kwanenkxaso-mali kumashishini ukuxhasa abo banini-mashishini baseMzantsi Afrika babesakuhleleleka ngaphambili. Inkxaso Kubanini-mashishini inikezela ngokulingabna nokuncediswa ekuhlawuleni amatyala ngokwemigaqo yenkxaso-mali, ngeeniongo zophuhliso.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11443.63137.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uqeqesho luyafumaneka kubakhi njengengxenye yeNkqubo Eyandisiweyo Yemisebenzi Yoluntu.
Injongo kukuphuhlisa abakhi abasakhasayo babe ngabakhi abazimele ngokugqibeleleyo abakwaziyo ukuqhuba futhi bamelane neemfuno zamaphulo adinga abasebenzi abaninzi. Kugxininiswa ekuphuhliseni abanini-mashishini, amashishini kwanezakhono ezinqabileyo.
Abakhi abafaka izicelo kufuneka bafake izicelo njengeqela elimalungu angabantu abathathu: umakhi oza kungenela izifundo zokwakha zenqanaba lesibini le-NQF kunye nabaqeqeshi bendawo yokwakha abaza kungenela izifundo zenqanaba lesine le-NQF.
Abe wenze izifundo kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo ukuba ugqibe ibanga lesibhozo nangaphezulu. Abafaki-zicelo abanebanga lesibhozo kufuneka bafumane iRecognition of Prior Learning ze bayingenise ngaphambi kosuku lokuvala.
Abe ukulungele ukuzifaka kwisibhambathiso esinokuthabatha ukuya kuma kwiminyaka emibini kwizifundo zeeNkampani Zokwakha zenqanaba lesibini leNQF.
Kufuneka ubuncinci abe namashumi amahlanu ananye eepesenti amagunya obunini kuloo nkampani futhi abe ngumphathi okanye umlawuli ophetheyo.
Babe bakulungele ukuzifaka kwisibhambathiso saxesha lonke esiya kufikelela kwiminyaka emibini sezifundo zokuba ngabaqeqeshi beendawo Yokusebenzela zenqanaba lesine.
Babe bebekhe baqeshwa yinkampani okanye umntu owakhayo ubuncinci ixesha elingangeli lezifundo zokwakha.
Ubuncinci amashumi amahlanu eepesenti zabafundi abachongiweyo kufuneka babe batsha (oko ke kukuthi babe ngaphantsi kwamashumi amathathu anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala).
Le Nkqubo yezifundo ijolise kwabo bantu bachazwe ngentla apha, ngokwemigaqo ye-Affirmative Action, abaya kuba nawona mathuba mahle okuphumelela njengeenkampani zabakhi ezincinci.
amava kwicandelo lokushishina ngokwakha amava okuba ngumnini/okuqhuba okanye okulawula ishishini izifundo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu kunezo zikhankanyiweyo ukuba nakho ukufumana okanye ukuba nezixhobo okanye impahla enokuba lulutho kwinkampani leyo yokwakha.
Onke amaphepha ezicelo kufuneka egcwalisiwe. Ukungagcwaliswa ngokugqibeleleyo okanye ukungangeniswa kwala maphepha ezicelo kuya kukhokelela ekukhutshweni komfaki-sicelo kule nkqubo.
Abafaki-zicelo abadluliselwe kwinqanaba elilandelayo kwinkqubo yokuchonga kuya kufuneka bahlalele uviwo olubhalwayo.
Kuya kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo eziya kusekezelwa kumanqaku neziya kuxhomekeka kwiziphumo zeemviwo, amava, i-affirmative action kwanezifundo umntu anazo.
Amaphepha ezicelo aya kusasazwa kwiintlangano zengcaciso, yaye abantu abangazizimasiyo ezi ntlangano abayi kuba nakho ukufaka izicelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11444.10416.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wesgro inenkqubo Yophuhliso Lweentwngiso Kumazwe Angaphandle enikezela ngezifundo noqeqesho ngeentengiso kumazwe angaphandle kumashishini asakhasayo ambalwa nakhethekileyo alapha eNtshona Koloni ngeenjongo zokuphucula izakhono zawo zokukhuphisana namanye amashishini amazwe angaphandle.
Inqanaba Lokuqala Lokwazisa Ngeentengiso Kumazwe Angaphandle: Ezi zifundo zithatha iintsuku ezimbini ziquka ulawulo lweentengiso kumazwe angaphandle, isicwangciso sophuhliso lwenkqubo yokwazisa ngemveliso, ulawulo lwezimali kwakunye namacebo okuthengisela amazwe angaphandle.
Inqanaba Lesibini Elingokwazisa kolu Shishino: Ezi zifundo, ezinikwa abo basele bedlulile kwizifundo zenqanaba lokuqala, linika amashishini izakhono ngeenzuzo zokuthengisela amazwe angaphandle, ukufumanisa imingcipheko neengozi zezi ntengiso, amacebo okwazisa ngemveliso yakho kwakunye namanqanaba olu shishino. Ezi zifundo ke ziqhutywa usuku lonke rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezilishumi, de ezo ntsuku zibe sibhozo emva kweenyanga ezintathu.
Inqanaba Lesithathu Lezifundo Zeengcali kweli Shishini: Ezi ke zezamashishini asele enamava ekuthengeseleni abathengi bamashishini amanye amazwe kodwa abadinga olunye uqeqesho lweencutshe. Imiba ekhoyo ke apha iquka iIncoterms 2000 kwakunye neendleko zokuthengisa ngaphandle, iindlela zokuhlawula kwakunye neentengiso kumazwe angaphandle ndawonye neempepha ezisetyenziswayo apha nendima yeemali zamanye amazwe kushishino lwamazwe amaninzi.
iWesgro le ikwanikezela nangothotho lweendibano zoqeqesho neengcebiso ingakumbi kwiinkampani ezibhalisele ukugqiba inqanaba lesibini lezi zifundo. Iinkqubo yeengcebiso inikezelwa ngaxesha-nye neenkqubo zoqeqesho, apho abacebisi basiwa kwwinkampani emva kokuba zinikwe uvavanyo lokulungela ukuthengisela abathengi bamanye amazwe.
Ixabiso linye kuphela elifunekayo yimali yokubhalisa engama- R400. Nangona kunjalo udingeka ukuba kwakhona uhlawule imali eli- R1000 eyidipozithi eya kuphinda ibuyiselwe kuwe wakuba uzigqibile izifundo zakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11453.10479.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Nawuphi na umntu onqwenelela ukuthengisa, ukwenza nokuhambisa utywala ngokwasemthethweni ngokomthetho kufuneka abe nephepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala.
Xa unokurhweba ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume, waphula umthetho yaye amapolisa angakuthathela amanyathelo omthetho, avale ishishini lakho yaye athimbe izinto zakho.
IBhodi yoTywala yePhondo isebenzisana nokukhupha amaphepha-mvume otywala.
Amaphepha-mvume okuthengisa utywala afuna ukuhlaziywa rhoqo ngonyaka.
Uluntu lungafaka inkcaso ekubeni kukhutshwe iphepha-mvume. IBhodi yokuthengiswa kotywala iya kusiphonononga isicelo nazo zonke nezikhalazo ezifumanekileyo yaye iya kubona ukuba mayisamkele okanye isikhabe isicelo eso.
IBhodi yoTywala inakho ukunikezela ngephepha-mvume elinemiqathango.
Ukuphunyezwa kwephepha-mvume phantsi kwesiqinisekiso sokwahlulwa kommandla okanye ngenxa yokuphunyezwa ngumaspala wakho ukuba ungayisebenzisa.
Uthintelo lokuqinisekisa ukuba iphepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala lisetyenziswa kuphela ngenjongo ebicelelwa zona, umzekelo, ukuba indawo yokutyela ingabi yondawo yokuzonwabisa yasebusuku.
Ukuba izakhiwo zakho ezinesiqinisekiso zidala inkathazo kuLuntu, abangabamelwane bakho bangafaka isikhalazo. Amapolisa aya kumthathela amanyathelo uMrhwebi. Ukuba ingxaki iyaphikelela, iBhodi yoTywala ingabamba intlanganiso ize yakuva ibeke iimeko kwisiqinisekiso okanye iyichithe okanye iyimise ukuba ingasebenza iphepha-mvume elo.
Wasitsala isigwebo sakho entolongweni ngaphandle kokuhlawula imali kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo. (iBhodi ingenza umnyinyiva kwezinye iimeko).
Ungumfazi okanye umyeni waba bantu kuthethwa ngabo ngentla apha.
Unakho ukusifaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso sokuthengisa utywala ngokwegqwetha okanye umcebisi wotywala okanye ungafaka isicelo wena ubuqu.
Iphepha Lesicelo liyafumaneka kwiThala leencwadi loMzantsi Afrika eKapa, okanye ke mhlawumbi usengayithenga incwadana yemimiselo epapashiweyo mayela noMthetho woTywala, equkaiphetshana lesicelo lokuqala. Eli phetshana lokwenza isicelo liphuma libe ziikopi ezintathu, zihamba kunye nekopi yokuqala yoMphathi Wamapolisa Othunyiweyo kwakunye nekopi yeBhodi yoTywala.
Hlanganisa uludwe lwenkcukacha lokuxhasa isicelo sakho, njengesiqinisekiso sokuba unayo indawo osebenza kuyo. Kwakhona fakela uludwe lwenkcukacha lwezakhiwo, njengemifanekiso yombala okanye uluhlu lwenkcazelo, ikopi yoludwe lwezipheko ukuba ukutya kuyanikezelwa kumye nengcebiso zomgangatho, ezibonisa imeko kunye nemilinganiselo yamacango, iifestile, kunye neetafile kwakunye nokuma kwezitalato neendawo zokuphuma.
Isicelo kufuneka sichwethezwe singabhalwa ngesandla.
Intlawulo yesicelo emisiweyo kufuneka ihlawuliwe kwi-ofisi yokuhlala yokwamkela iintlawulo zemali kaRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika (iSARS) yaye isiqinisekiso sokuba kuhlawuliwe kufuneka sihlanganiswe kwisicelo eso.
Kwiiveki ezimbini eziphambi kokuba isicelo sithunyelwe kuMantyi, isaziso sokuba uza kwenza oko kufuneka sithunyelwe kuBashicileli bakaRhulumente ePitoli ukuze zipapashwe kwiPhepha-ndaba likaRhulumente kuLwesihlanu wokuqala enyangeni. Isaziso esikwiPhepha-ndaba likaRhulumente siso kuphela isaziso sesicelo esinikezelwe eLuntwini.
UMphathi Owonyuliweyo waMapolisa weSithili uyakudlulisa ingxelo kuMantyi kwiintsuku ezingama- 35. UMphathi lo uyakwazisa imbutho yamapolisa oLuntu okuhlala okanye iqumrhu labahlawuli berhafu ngesicelo eso.
Ukuba akukhange kubekho nkcaso ifumanekileyo kwaye ingxelo yamapolisa ifumanekile, isicelo singathunyelwa kwiBhodi yoTywala.
IBhodi yoTywala iya kuqaphelisisa isicelo ngasinye ngokuphathelele kumfaki-sicelo, kwizakhiwo kwakunye nomdla woLuntu.
Ukuthobela izikhokelo ezimisiweyo apha akuqinisekisi mpumelelo yakuba isicelo siya kuvunywa. Umthetho wotywala kwakunye nemimiselo yayo inzima yaye aBafaki-sicelo kufuneka bafune iingcebiso zeenkunkqele ngokuphathelele ekusebenzeni kwawo.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana neBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona-Koloni.
Kukho intlawulo yesicelo engama- R200.
iphepha-mvume elikhethekileyo (lendawo yokuhlala) - R1000ukuba usebenzisa igqwetha okanye ingcali ezimeleyo useya kuhlawuliswa ezinye iindleko zale nkonzo. Le ntlawulo yahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwigqwetha/ngcali leyo. Kukho intlawulo ekhutshwa minyaka le ungadlulanga umhla wama-31 kweyoMnga. Ukungaphumeleli ukukhupha ezo ntlawulo zonyaka kwangethuba kungakhokelela ekuphelelweni kwephepha-mvume lakho lokuthengisa utywala futhi kuya kufuneka uphinde ufake isicelo selinye iphepha-mvume.
Kukho intlawulo yesicelo engama- R200.
iphepha-mvume elikhethekileyo (lendawo yokuhlala) - R1000ukuba usebenzisa igqwetha okanye ingcali ezimeleyo useya kuhlawuliswa ezinye iindleko zale nkonzo. Le ntlawulo yahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwigqwetha/ngcali leyo. Kukho intlawulo ekhutshwa minyaka le ungadlulanga umhla wama-31 kweyoMnga. Ukungaphumeleli ukukhupha ezo ntlawulo zonyaka kwangethuba kungakhokelela ekuphelelweni kwephepha-mvume lakho lokuthengisa utywala futhi kuya kufuneka uphinde ufake isicelo selinye iphepha-mvume.
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I-Hands Off Our Children Campaign (iHOOC ngamafuphi) yaphehlelelwa ngenyanga yoKwindla ngo-2002 ukunceda ekulweni ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana eNtshona Koloni. Eli phulo lisebenzisana noluntu ekuhlaleni ukuqnisekisa ukwaziswa koluntu ngokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana, kuziwe namacebo okuthintela lo mkhuba nokuncedana namaxhoba. I-HOOC le ikuthabatha ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana njengengxaki enobuzaza nekufuneka ishukuxwe mbombo zone ngumntu wonke nkalo, zonke. Kungoko ke iinkqubo zokuthintela nezokufundisa uluntu ziqalwa ezikolweni, kwiindawo zokukhonza kwanakwamanye amaziko asekuhlaleni.
Kucingeleka ukuba bangamakhulu amahlanu amawaka abantwana abathi baphathwe gadalala eMzantsi Afrika ngonyaka.
Lishumi elinesihlanu kuphela kwikhulu ngalinye lezehlo zokuphathwa gadalala kabantwana ezixelwayo nezidluliselwa phambili eNtshona Koloni.
Le nkqubo ifundisa abahlohli nabafundi ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabo malunga nokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana. Abafundi bayakhuthazwa ukuba banikezele ingxelo ngeentshukumo zokuphathwa gadalala yaye bakwanikwa neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeHOOC.
Le nkqubo yokunonotshelwa kwabantwana ngabazali ifundisa abazali ukuba baziphathe njani na xa benxunguphele naxa benemisindo nokuba bathethe njani na nabantwana babo ngemiba yesondo nokuphathwa gadalala.
Le nkqubo incada amaxhoba okuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana ngokuwanika inkxaso ngokomoya nokuwanceda athi abuze apho angaqondi khona.
Eli nyathelo lisebenzisana nootitshala, oonontlalo-ntle, amapolisa kwakunye nabatshutshisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba indlela ephucukileyo yokunxibelelana phakathi kwabo kwanokuthintela ukulibaziseka kumaziko aseburhulumenteni ekusebenzeni ngamatyala okuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11459.9518.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lephondo Lokhuseleko Loluntu linikezela ngenkxaso-mali kumaphulo alwa nolwaphulo-mthetho aqhutywa yimibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente ebhalisiweyo kwakunye namabutho Asekuhlaleni Alwa Nolwaphulo-mthetho.
ekuxhaseni iintshukumo zeSAPS ezichasene neentshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezingabandakanyi maxhoba (umzekelo: ukushishina ngokuthubelezisa iziyobisi).
Ukuze ube nokufikelela kule nkxaso-mali, iphulo lakho kufuneka liqhutywe ngumbutho ongekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente okanye iButho Lasekuhlaleni Elilwa Nolwaphulo-mthetho. Ukuba umbutho wakho awubhaliswanga, kufuneka uqale uwubhalise.
Emva koko ke kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo, phetshana elo lifumaneka kwiSebe Lokhuseleko Loluntu okanye kwizikhululo zamapolisa okanye ke kwakhona kule website, ze ulingenise kweli Sebe.
Eli Sebe lenza uphando lokufumanisa ukuba ngaba la maphulo aya kusebenza ngokwenyani na ze iqulunqe izibhambathiso ezidingekayo ukuba isicelo esithile siye saphumelela. Xa iphulo elo sele liqoshelisiwe, liye liphicothwe ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni na esebenzayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11459.9545.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iqela elilwa ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni liqela labahlali basebumelwaneni nabathi bavumelane ekusekeni eli qela emva kokuxoxa lo mba kunye nabantu abahlala kummandla wabo. Injongo yeli qela kukukhuthaza ubudlelwane obufanelekileyo phakathi kwabahlali kwakunye nokusebenza njengo-'gcinikhaya' kulo mmandla, ngamanye amaxesha ngokujikeleza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokuhlala rhoqo belindele okunokwenzeka kwimisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho ze bazise amapolisa xa okunjalo kuthe kwenzeka.
Amapolisa aya kuzama ukonyula amapolisa ahlala ekhaya anokubizwa nanini na ukuba abe liliso koku kugada nangaliphi na ixesha eli qela lamasolomzi lisebenza ngalo. Amanye amalungu eli qela aye abe ngamapolisa ahlala ekhaya alindele ukubizwa nanini na. Iqela ngalinye loogcinikhaya linendawo yalo enemida ecacileyo ngaphakathi kummandla wamapolisa. Kungakho ngaphezulu kweqela elinye loogcinikhaya kummandla nelincedwa sisikhululo esinye samapolisa, njengoko imimandla yezikhululo zamapolisa imikhulu kakhulu.
Iqela lakho loogcinikhaya kufuneka libhalise kwisikhululo samapolisa kwingingqi kunye nakwiForum yamaPolisa Asekuhlaleni (CPF) kummandla wakho wamapolisa. Xa ubhalisa, kufuneka wamkele umgaqo-siseko nomgaqo wendlela yokuziphatha ohambelana noMgaqo-siseko wePhondo noMgaqo Wokuziphatha Wamaqela ooGcinikhaya. Ekuqalekeni kunyaka ka-2003, bekukho amaqela oogcinikhaya angamakhulu amabini anamashumi asixhenxe anesixhenxe abhalisiweyo eNtshona Koloni.
Xa sele iqela lakho loogcinikhaya sele libhalisiwe, ungalicelela inkxaso-mali kwakunye nezixhobo kunye noqeqesho kwiSebe laseNtshona Koloni loKhuseleko loLuntu. Angaphezulu kwekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu amasolomzi eNtshona Koloni asele afumene izixhobo kunye noqeqesho kweli Sebe.
ukusonjululwa kweempikiswano inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho ubundlobongela basekhaya amalungelo oluntu ukulwa umlilo uncedo lokuqala inkqubo kanomathotholo ukuzikhusela.
oonomathotholo abagcina iinkcukacha zeengozi iintonga zamapolisa izixhobo zoncedo lokuqala izixhobo zokuqhobosha izandla zabarhanelwa nabaphuli-mthetho iibhatyi iivesti ezibonisayo iithotshi izixhobo zokukhangela zezithuthi oonomathotholo ekuqhagamshelana kuzo abantu ababini iimpempe.
Ukuqhagamshelana neqela lakho loogcinikhaya, jonga kolu luhlu. Umntu onokuqhagamshelana naye kwiqela ngalinye loogcinikhaya ubhaliwe kolu luhlu. Khumbula ukuba kungakho ngaphezulu kweqela elinye loogcinikhaya kummandla wakho. Kungenjalo, ungaqhagamshelana nesikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe okanye iForum yamaPolisa Asekuhlaleni.
Ukubhalisa iqela lakho loogcinikhaya, kufuneka ubhalise kwisikhululo samapolisa kwingingqi kunye ne-CPF ekufutshane kwingingqi yakho kwakunye neSebe loKhuseleko loLuntu. Kufuneka ugqibelise ngeSebe xa usenza ubhaliso lwakho. Oku kubangelwa kukuba enye yeemfuno zalo kukuba kufuneka ubonise ukuba ubhalisile kwingingqi yakho kuqala.
amagama neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zamalungu ekomiti yakho inani lamalungu ikopi yomgaqo-siseko wenu ikopi yomgaqo wendlela yokuziphatha iingxelo zemali, ukuba oogcinikhaya bane-akhawunti ebhankini kunye nobukho okanye ukwenzeka kwentengiselwano ngezemali eyona ndawo ekuza kusetyenzwa kuyo, umzekelo, amagama ezitalato.
ISebe loKhuseleko loLuntu liya kufuna ukuba ninikezele iphetshana elineenkcukacha. Kweli phetshana, kufuneka nichaze ukuba nibhalisile kwisikhululo senu samapolisa kwingingqi kunye ne-CPF kwakunye nokuba ninawo umgaqo-siseko kunye nomgaqo wendlela yokuziphatha ohambelana noMgaqo-siseko wePhondo kunye noMgaqo weNdlela Yokuziphatha yoKwakhiwa kweqela elilwa ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni.
Ungaqhagamshelana naye naxa ufuna ukwenza isicelo sezixhobo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11460.9509.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ngexesha likaxakeka elifuna impendulo yamapolisa, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo: 10111. Ngexesha likaxakeka elifuna inqwelo yezigulana, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo: 10177. Kwezi nombolo zombini, kufuneka ukwazi ukuchaza ukuba uphi na kwaye kutheni na ufuna impendulo engxamisekileyo. Zombini ezi nombolo zitsalelwa simahla.
Kummandla wolawulo lwenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, ungatsalela kule nombolo: 107 (simahla xa utsalela kumnxeba wasekhayeni okanye komnye weminxeba kawonke-wonke) NGALO NALIPHI NA ixesha likaxakeka okanye lentlekele. Kufuneka uchaze ukuba yintoni na ingxaki (ngumlilo, ukuhlangulwa entabeni, ingozi kwizithuthi, ulwaphulo-mthetho, njalo-njalo.), umntu okuncedayo uya kuqinisekisa ukuba impendulo echanekileyo kweli xesha lale ngxaki iya kunceda. Kufuneka kwakhona ukwazi ukuchaza ukuba iphi na le ngxaki.
Ukutsalela inombolo u-107 kumnxeba wesandla akusayi kusebenza. Ukutsalela inombolo yexesha likaxakeka yaseKapa enye kumnxeba wesandla, tsalela kule nombolo: 021 480 7700. Oku kuya kukudla intlawulo eqhelekileyo yomnxeba wesandla.
Kodwa ke, ukuba utsalela umnxeba kumnxeba wesandla, ungatsalela u-112 kwaye uya kudityaniswa neziko lenkampani yakho yoqhagamshelwano ngexesha likaxakeka. Umnxeba oya ku-112 kumnxeba wesandla awuhlawulelwa kwaye uyakwazi ukuyitsalela nakumnxeba wesandla ongenamali yakwenza mnxeba (oku kungenzeka naxa ungenalo ikhadi iSIM). Iminxeba yexesha likaxakeka kujongwana nayo kuqala kwaye xa olu thungelwano luxakekile, eminye iminxeba engenayo iya kubekwa phantsi ukuze kuthathwe lo wakho ungxamisekileyo. Olu thungelwano kufuneka, ngokwamaphepha-mvume alo, lunikezele ezi ngxelo kwiinkonzo ezintlanu zexesha likaxakeka (umlilo, inqwelo-mafutha yezigulana, amapolisa, ukuhlangulwa elwandle kwanakwizithuthi).
Uthungelwano ngomnxeba wesandla nalo luneenkonzo ezizodwa ezahlukeneyo zexesha likaxakeka onokuthi uzitsalele ukongeza ku-112 okanye njengengxenye yokutsalela u-112. Buza kwiziko lakho lothungelwano (uCell C, uMTN okanye uVodacom) ukuze wazi ukuba zithini na ezi nombolo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba nangona iminxeba engenayo kolu thungelwano ingahlawulelwa, kuya kufuneka uhlawulele naluphi na unyango okanye iinkonzo ezizezinye ezithe zanikezelwa ziinkampani zabucala ezithungelana nothungelwano onokuthi ulusebenzise.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11460.9598.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ulixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungenzakala ngokwasemphefumlweni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, isikhululo samapolisa yayingeyondawo apho amaxhoba, ingakumbi kulwaphulo-mthetho lobundlobongela, anokuziva ekhululekile xa egqithisa ingxelo yawo kumapolisa, okanye indawo abanokuthi bafumane uncedo lonyango ekonzakaleni ngokwasemphufumlweni.
ISebe loKhuseleko loLuntu ke ngoko liye laxhasa ngemali amagumbi abizwa ngokuba ngamagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba, kwakunye 'namagumbi akhuselekileyo' kwisikhululo ngasinye samapolisa eNtshona Koloni. Phantse zonke izikhululo zamapolisa (kodwa ingezizo ezingamathanga) sele zinawo amagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba; kukho amagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba alikhulu elinamashumi amabini anethoba eNtshona Koloni.
Eli gumbi lifanele ukuba lingabikho elubala kakhulu kune-ofisi yokumangala, kwaye libe nefenitshala efanelekileyo. Nangona igumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba lohlukile, xa sele inkqubo yokumisa amagumbi igqityiwe, igumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba ngalinye kufuneka libe negosa lamapolisa eliqeqeshwe ngokukodwa, umcebisi okufundeleyo oku kunye namagosa azinikeleyo aqeqeshiweyo nawo afumaneke.
Okwangoku, izibonelelo kunye noncedo onokulufumana lwahlukile ngokwamagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba. Abanye kubacebisi okanye amagosa azikeleyo angangafumaneki ngawo onke amaxesha kodwa ahlala elindile kwaye kufuneka atsalelwe umnxeba ukuba eze azokunceda xa kufanelekile.
I-NGO Rape Crisis yenze uphicotho-zincwadi malunga nobume bangoku kumagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba ekufumaniseni ukuba ngubani na ofumanekayo ekuncedeni amaxhoba kwigumbi ngalinye lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba kwakunye nokuba loluphi na uhlobo loqeqesho abanalo. Ungakhangela apha ukujonga ukuba loluphi na uncedo onokulufumana kwisikhululo sakho samapolisa.
Xa sele uyinikezele ingxelo malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe kuwe kwi-ofisi yamatyala kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe, kufuneka ucele ukuya kwigumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba lesikhululo eso ukuze unikezele ngengxelo yakho egcweleyo, xa uziva ukhathazekile ngokwasemphefumlweni.
Ukuba ufuna uncedo neengcebiso, kufuneka ubuze ukuba bakho na abacebisi okanye amagosa azinikeleyo kwigumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba okanye alindelwe ukubizwa uze ucele amapolisa awatsalele umnxeba ukuze afike akuncede.
Ukuba ungathanda ukuba ngomnye wamagosa azinikeleyo kumagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba, ungaqhagamshelana nenkumanda yesikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe. Kufuneka uze nokuthile okuza kukuchaza ukuba ungubani na, wazi namaxesha oya kuthi ufumaneke ngawo.
eke ngawo ukuze ukwazi ukunceda.
Amapolisa aya kuthi akubuze ngemvelaphi yakho aze akuqalise ukuba usebenze njengegosa elizinikeleyo kwixesha elithile elimiselweyo. Uya kufumana uqeqesho ukuba oku awukufundelanga, ngexesha apho eso sikhululo samapolisa sakho siza kube silindelwe ukuba siqalise uqeqesho lwaso, njengoko lusenziwa ngokwamaqela.
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iChrysalis Academy inikezela ngenkqubo yokuthintelwa kolwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni, ijolise "kulutsha olusemngciphekweni".
Le nkqubo iya kubathatha, njengophuhliso olumandla lomzimba, lwengqondo nolomphefumlo lubasuse kubomi bokuba ngabaphuli-mthetho nemigwu, ibase kubomi obuya kubaguqula njengabantu, kubanike ukhuseleko ngokwezimali kwanokuncedana noluntu kwiingingqi oluhlala kuzo. Eli ke linyathelo lokuthintela elingafaniyo nenkqubo yokunceda abo basele bonakele bengabaphuli-mthetho nemigewu. Oko ke kuthethe ukuba le nkqubo ijoliswe ekuphuhliseni abantu abaselula ibanike nezakhono ezibaxhobisayo ebomini, kunokusombulula okanye ukuzama ukulungisa iingxaki esele zikho zolwaphulo-mthetho nobugewu.
Abona bantu kujoliswe kubo ngabantu abaselula abaphakathi kwe-17 nama-22 eminyaka ubudala abaphumelele ubuncinci ibanga lesibhozo, abangaphangeliyo nabangazange babanjwe bavalelwe ngenxa yezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Le nkqubo ke okwangoku ixhaswa zifumane nenkxaso-mali kuRhulumente wePhondo. IAcademy le ke yona isePorter Estate eTokai.
Yaqala ngenyanga yeSilimela ka-2000, inkqubo nganye ithatha phakathi kwekhulu nekhulu elinamashumi amabini abafundi balapha eNtshona Koloni, abakhethwe ngokwemigaqo enzima kakhulu. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kweli phulo kuxhomekeke emntwini lowo, kusimahla kubo bonke abantu abathi bazimase.
InqanabaLethuba liquka ukubhengezwa kwale nkqubo kwimibutho yasekuhlaleni kwakunye nabantu abanokuba nomdla njengabafundi.
Amanqanaba amane aseleyo enza intsalela yeeveki ezilishumi elinesibini zale nkqubo. Kwinqanaba ngalinye lale nkqubo abafundi baya kusebenza kakhulu ze badliswe nokudlaliswa, ndawonye namacandelo ahlukeneyo ophuhliso lwengqondo nolwazi ngokubaluleka kolkuzimanya noluntu. Baya kufumana izakhono ezinokusetyenziswa emisebenzini.
InqanabaLokwazisa libeka isiseko ze liseke indlela yemisebenzi yamihla le apho ucoceko nokucoceka komntu ngamnye kugxininiswa khona. Oku ke kukhatshwa kukubekwa kweminqweno, ukukhuthazeka, ukusonjululwa kweengxaki kwanonxibelelwano. Abafundi aba bakwenza nezifundo zempilo nezokutya okusempilweni, ezoncedo lokuqala kwinqanaba lokuqala, ukulwa imililo kwakunye nolwazi ngendalo engqongileyo. Bathi ke emva koko bachithe iiveki ezimbini zenqanaba Wilderness e-Outward Bound, apho kukhangela ukuba bangenza de bafikelele kweliphi na inqanaba abafundi aba, apho bafundiswa banzi ngezinto abanokuzenza nabangenakuzenza, ndawonye nokusebenzisana nabanye abantu kwakunye namandla endalo. Ukwehla intaba ngentambo, ukudlala ngokuqhuba amaphenyane, ukwenyuka amatye kunye nokuhamba ngeenyawo ixesha elide zikho kweli nqanaba.
Xa kubuyelwa eKapa, abafundi bathi bavunyelwe ukuba bafumane iindwendwe okokuqala emva kokuqala kwale nkqubo. Ngeli xesha bonke abafundi bamel' ukuba balolongeke ngokugqibeleleyo, benomfutho yaye banokuzithemba okungummangaliso. Uninzi lwabafundi abatshayayo baya kuba bewuyekile lo mkhwa xa kuleli nqanaba.
Ukulungiswa kwezithuthi ukutywina ukwakha ngezitena iintsimbi imisebenzi yokuchwela amaplanga izakhono ekulungiseni imibane kwakunye nezinye izifundo zithi zinikezelwe kwiiklasi zoqeqesho kwimisebenzi yezandla.
Ukuqeqesha ezemidlalo kuye kufumaneke kweli nqanaba lale nkqubo.
Inqanaba lokugqibelaEliluluntu Ekuhlaleni lijolise ekulungiseleleni ukuphilisana noluntu ekuhlaleni yaye lijolise ikakhulu kwizakhono zokuqhuba ishishini elinempumelelo, ukwaziswa kwiikhompyutha kwakunye nomkhomba-ndlela wekhono lezifundo. Kukwenziwa nothotho lweentshukumo ezamkelekileyo eluntwini ezifana nobugcisa nokuchwela, ukucula, ichess nokufunda.
Kule nkqubo yonke abafundi kulindeleke ukuba bancedise uluntu ekuhlaleni yaye bayakhuthazwa ukuba babe ngamavolontiya. Ukuzimanya nokusebenzisana nemibutho yasekuhlaleni kuyakhuthazwa ngelixa kugxininiswa kakhulu ekuzimanyeni namaphulo emisebenzi yasekuhlaleni efana nokuqeqesha amaqela emidlalo yezikolo, ukuhamba-hamba ekuhlaleni ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwanokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu ekhayeni ngokuzimanya namaphulo okulima izityalo kwakunye nezinye iintshukumo zokucoca.
iSebe Elijongene Nemicimbi sele Benezidanga lilo elijongana nenkqubela yabo banezidanga isithuba seminyaka emihlanu emva kwezi zifundo yaye liqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi ngayo yonke imisebenzi yokuvolontiya okanye amathuba engqesho ayanikezelwa kwaba bafundi kwakunye neminye imibutho ebandakanyekayo kule nkqubo. Apho ingingqi ethile inabafundi abanezidanga abangamashumi amabini nangaphezulu, kuye kwasekwa amaqela asekuhlaleni okuncedisana nokunika aba bafundi inkxaso abayidingayo. Abafundi abanezidanga badingwa kakhulu yaye ama- 67% kubo bathi baqeshwe ngamashishini angaphezu kwamashumi asixhenxe alapha eNtshona Koloni. Abafundi abanezidanga abangekaphangeli bathi bafakwe kumaphulo afana neSwimsafe neBambanani kwakunye nothotho lwamanye amaphulo aqhutywa ngamasebe nemibutho eyahlukeneyo yaseburhulumenteni.
ube kanti akuphangeli ube waphumelela ibanga lesibhozo ubuncinci ube kanti awuzange wabandakanyeka kwiintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ube uhlala apha eNtshona Koloni.
Noxa kunjalo ke, usenakho ukusifaka isicelo sakho ngoku ungamelani nezinye iimfuno zale nkqubo. Umzekelo, ukuba wawukhe wabandakanyeka kwiintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho okanye akunayo imfund eyaneleyo efunwayo apha, ungavunyelwa ungene ukuba isebe likarhulumente okanye umbutho ongajonge ngeniso uthi ukuthumele apho kwiChrysalis Academy, emva kokusiqwalaselisisa isicelo sakho. Kwakhona, ukuba awungowalapha eNtshona Koloni usengeza kule Academy, kodwa ke kusenokufuneka ukhuphe intlawulo ethile.
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Abafundi ngokwesiqhelo baqala ibanga lokuqala ekuqaleni konyaka abaza kuba neminyaka esixhenxe ngawo. Abantwana banakho ukungena kwiBanga lokuqala kunyaka ongaphambi kwalowo baza kuba neminyaka esixhenxe ngawo ukuba uvavanyo lwe-WCED lubonisa ukuba bakulungele ukuya esikolweni.
Ezinye izikolo zinikezela ngebanga u-R/0 ukunceda abantwana bazilungiselele ukuya kwiBanga lokuqala. Abantwana baqhele ukuvunyelwa ukuba baqale iBanga u-R kunyaka abaza kuba neminyaka emithandathu ngawo.
phepha-mvume lokufunda iphepha-mvume lokuhlala okwexeshana okanye isigxina okanye ubungqina bokuba sele besifakile isicelo sokuhlala eMzantsi Afrika.
Akukho sikolo sinokuphatha kakubi umntwana. Kungoko kungekho sikolo sikaRhulumente sinokuthi abantwana mababhale uviwo lokwamkelwa, okanye salele umntwana ukuba angene kumasango aso kuba abazali bengazihlawulanga okanye bengenakho ukuhlawula iintlawulo.
Faka isicelo sakho kwangethuba kunyaka ongaphambi kwalowo umntwana wakho kufuneka eqale ngawo kwisikolo sakhe esitsha. Iisicelo sakho kufuneka ungasifaki kwisikolo osithandayo kuphela, kodwa izikolo ezikwingingqi yakho usebenzisa isixhobo sokukhangela i'Fumana isikolo'.
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Kunyanzelekile ukuba isikolo siqalwe ekuqaleni konyaka xa umfundi lowo aza kuqala iminyaka esixhenxe de afikelele kwiBanga le-9 okanye kuloo nyaka umfundi aya kube efikelela kwiminyaka eli-15 ngawo (nokuba yiyiphi na eyenzeka kuqala).
Isigaba esiPhezulu (AmaBanga 7 ukuya kwele- 9).
Esi sigaba sigxininisa ekufundiseni ukufunda nokubhala, ukubala ngamanani nezakhono zobomi. Abafundi abakwibanga le- 3 baqalisa ukufunda ulwimi olongezelelweyo.
ulwimi, ekuqeqesheleni ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala, nonxibelelwano ukuqonda nokwazi izibalo, izibalo kwanenzululwazi yezibalo ubuchule bezandla nenkcubekeo ufundo-nzulo ngezobomi noluntu, ezentlalo, nezifundo ngezendalo engqongileyo nezoLawulo izifundo zenzululwazi nobugcisa.
ulwimi, ukuqeqeshelwa ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala, nonxibelelwano ukuqonda nokwazi izibalo, izibalo kwanobugcisa bezibalo izifundo zobuchule bezandla nenkcubeko ufundo-nzulu ngezobomi izifundo ngezoluntu nezentlalo izifundo ngezoQoqosho nezoLawulo izifundo zenzululwazi ubugcisa.
Ungaphanda ukuba ziziphi na izikolo zikarhulumente ezikwindawo ohlala kuyo ngokusebenzisa idilesi yekhompyutha kwicandelo lokufuna leSebe lezeMfundo eNtshona Koloni eliyi, 'Fumana iSikolo'.
Ingaba ibiza malini?
Imali ehlawulwa isikolo imiselwe yibhodi elawula isikolo, oko kusenziwa ngentsebenziswano nabazali. Abazali kufuneka behlawule imali yokufunda, oko kusenziwa ngokufaka isicelo sokuvunyelwa bangayihlawuli, okanye bangayihlawuli yonke xa bengenakho ukuyihlawula iphelele.
Iinkcukacha malunga neentlawulo zesikolo kwanokuvunyelwa ukuba ungazihlawuli ziyafumaneka ezikolweni. Ungafumana nezinye uzifunde kwikhompyutha.
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Ingaba ufuna ukuqinisekisa isiqinisekiso sokuphumelela imatriki okanye idiploma yobufundisi-ntsapho Ungasithumela ngefeksi ke isicelo eso sakho ke kwiSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Koloni okanye Kumalusi okanye ke uqhagamshelane nabo ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha?
Xa ufuna ukuqinisekisa isiqinisekiso sokuphumelela imatriki okanye idiploma yobufundisi-ntsapho oyifumene phambi ko-1992 kufuneka uthumele ngefeksi isicelo sakho kwiSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Koloni kule nombolo 021 461 5637. Akukho mfuneko yantlawulo.
Xa ufuna ukuqinisekisa isiqinisekiso sokuphumelela imatriki okanye idiploma yobufundisi-ntsapho oyifumene emva ko-1992 kufuneka uthumele isicelo eso sakho ngefeksi Kumalusi, oliqumrhu eliqinisekisa umgangatho yemfundo noqeqesho oluphangaleleyo kwanolo lugqithelayo, kule nombolo 012 349 1511. Kuya kufuneka ke ukhuphe intlawulo yama-R30 (ngaphandle kwe-VAT) kumaqumrhu abucala ze ibe ngama-R20 kumaqumrhu lseburhulumenteni.
Isicelo eso kufuneka sibhalwe phantsi kwegama leziko elithile.
Ukuba unazo ezinye iikopi zesi siqinisekiso, suka uthumele zona kube kanye. Uya kuyifumana impendulo kwesi sicelo kwisithuba seeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.
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Kwenzeka ntoni xa uthi ulahlekelwe sisiqinisekuiso sakho sebanga leshumi Ungasifumana esinye esithabatha indawo yeso usilahlileyo kwiSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni, ukuba iimviwo zakho zeli banga wazibhalela kweli phondo?
Inyathelo lokuqala kukwenza isigqibo esifungelweyo apho uxela ukuba usilahlile isiqinisekiso sakho. Isigqibo esifungelweyo luxwebhu apho uxela iinyaniso ozaziyo phantsi kwesifungo.
Ungasenza isigqibo esifungelweyo apho uxela ukuba usilahlile isiqinisekiso sakho kuso nasiphi na iSikhululo Samapolisa okanye ke ungacela namphi na uMkomishinala Wezifungo (amagqwetha ngaBakomishinala Bezifungo) 9abanokukunceda wenze isigqibo esifungelweyo.
Emva koko ke kufuneka uthabathe iphetshana uR15 nesi sifungo sakho uzise kwii-ofisi zeSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni, apho unokwenza khona isicelo sakho sesinye isiqinisekiso kwitafile yemibuzo.
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Abazali abafuna ukubonelela abantwana babo ngemfundo yasekhaya kufuneka babhalise kwi- WCED.
Oku kubhalisa kujongene neemfuno zomfundi lowo.
Imfundo ekubonelelwa ngayo ekhayeni apho iya kumelana nezona mfuno zingundoqo zemfundo efumaneka kwizikolo zikarhulumente.
Le mfundo yasekhaya iya kuba yekumgangatho ongekho sezantsi komgangatho wemfundo enikezelwa kwizikolo zikarhulumente.
Abazali baya kuthobela nayiphi na imiqathango emiselwe yiNtloko yeSebe lezeMfundo.
Oku kubhalisa kungarhoxiswa.
Yazise umzali ze imnike nezizathu zoko.
Inike umzali ithuba lokuba azithethelele.
Umzali angafaka isibheno kuMphathiswa wephondo kwezeMfundo ngokukhatywa kwesicelo sakhe sokubhalisa umfundi okanye ukurhoxiswa koko kubhaliswa.
Ukuba umfundi obebhaliselwe imfundo yasekhaya uthi ekuhambeni kwexesha amkelwe kwisikolo sikarhulumente okanye esizimeleyo, umzali kufuneka acele iNtloko yeSebe lezeMfundo ngembalelwano ukuba iphelise ukubhaliselwa imfundo yasekhaya komfundi lowo.
Izicelo zenziwa kwiphetshana lesicelo elenzelwe oko elinokufumaneka kweli Sebe.
Umzali kufuneka angenise elo phetshana lesicelo ligcwalisiweyo nekopi yesiqinisekiso sokuzalwa komfundi lowo.
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ISebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni (iWCED) liyajongisisa ukuba abantwana ababhaliselwe imfundo yasekhaya benza umsebenzi ohambelana nezidingo zemfundo ngokuthiwa thaca leli sebe yaye bayavavanywa futhi bazuza iziphumo ezidingekayo kubantwana abakwelo banga.
Agcine iimpepha zendlela umntwana asihamba ngayo isikolo.
Agcine zonke iimpepha ezinemisebenzi yomfundi lowo.
Agcine iimpepha ezinendlela umfundi lowo aqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Agcine iinkcukacha zenkxaso anikwa yona umfundi lowo kwizifundo ezo.
Agcine ubungqina bendlela yovavanyo oluqhubekekayo lomsebenzi womfundi lowo.
Agcine ubungqina bolo vavanyo kunye/okanye neemviwo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye.
Agcine ubungqina ekupheleni kwamabanga 3, 6 kunye nele-9 apho abonisa khona ukuba iziphumo ezidingekayo kula mabanga zizuziwe okanye hayi.
Ezi mpepha zineziphumo zomfundi kufuneka zivuleleke kwiSebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni ukuba lizihlole. Zonke iziphumo ezifanele ukugcinwa kufuneka zigcinwe iminyaka emithathu.
Ekupheleni kwebakala ngalinye, abazali kufuneka baqashe umntu okuqeqeshelweyo ukuvavanya, ongqinwa nayiNtloko yeSebe lezeMfundo, ukuba avavanye indlela abantwana abaqhuba ngayo ekupheleni kwelo bakala.
Umzali angadibana nesikolo sikarhulumente okanye esizimeleyo esibhalisiweyo ukuba simncedise afumane umntu okulungeleyo ukuvavanya abantwana kwelo banga.
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Ulutsha olusemngciphekweni ngabafundi abaneengxaki ezifana nokusebenzisa ngendlela egwenxa iziyobisi/utywala okanye abakungquzulwano nomhetho. Iingxaki zabo zomphefumlo kwakunye/okanye ezokuziphatha zingumqobo ekufundeni nasekukhuleni kwabo.
eNtshona Koloni nje kuphela mahlanu amanqanaba enkxaso ejzijoliswe ekuthinteleni okanye ekusombululeni iingxaki ezikumila kunje. Uhlobo lwenkxaso nezithintelo ezinokunikwa umfundi ngamnye zixhomekeka kubuzaza bengxaki leyo. Iinkqubo zokungenelela ziquka iinkonzo zenkxaso kwezemfundo, kwezonyango, kwakunye/okanye nezasekuhlaleni.
Inkqubo yokuyala kwangexesha, ejongene nokungenelela kwiimeko zabantwana abasebatsha kakhulu, ifakwa kuzo zonke izikolo. Kwenziwa onke amalinge okuthintela iinzima zomphefumlo kwakunye/okanye ezinento yokwenza nokuziphatha ekudalekeni okanye ekuqhubekeleni phambili.
Inkxaso yomphefumlo kwakunye nesikhokelo ziyanikezelwa kubafundi abakufumana kunzima ukumelana nemiqobo yomphefumlo/eyonakalisa indlela yokuziphatha kwabo kumagumbi okufundela.
Iinkqubo zenkxaso ezisekelwe ezikolweni, iinkqubo zophuhliso ezijoliswe kulutsha kwakunye nokungenelela ngabom ziyanikezelwa kubafundi ababonakala besemngciphekweni wokugxothwa esikolweni, abakhutshwayo kumakhaya abo, okanye abangena kungquzulwano nenkqubo yobulungisa elwa nolwaphulo-mthetho, kwanakubantwana ekubonakala kunyanzelekile ukuba bakhutshwe esikolweni okwexexshana.
Apho kuthi kucace ukuba umfundi othile akazuzanga ngokwezicwangciso kule nkqubo yenkxaso, kusenokuqwalaselwa ukuba loo mfundi athunyelwe kwinkqubo yasekuhlaleni okanye yophuhliso kwiziko lolutsha nemfundo. Umgaqo wokusebenzisa eyona ndlela ingenazithintelo zininzi usetyuenziswa kuyo yonke le nkqubo.
Abantu abatsha bathunyewa kula maziko ngokwemigaqo yemithetho elawula oko. La maziko anikezela ngendawo yokuhlala kwakunye nenkqubo yenkxaso elungiselelwe iingxaki zomntu ngamnye. Isikhokelo sokusebenza ngendlela eyiyo kula maziko sisekelwe kwimigangatho ebekwe liQumrhu Elijongene Namalungelo Omntwana loMbutho Wezizwe Ezimanyeneyo.
Ekuphuculeni iinkonzo ezijoliswe kubafundi abasemngciphekweni.
Ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko, imfundo kwanokuphuhla kwaba bafundi.
Lukho unonophelo olulodwa olunikezelwa kulutsha olukungquzulwano nomthetho okanye abonakele kakhulu emphefumlweni nekunokufuneka benikwe inyameko ngokwasemzimbeni, emphefumlweni nangokwendlela abaziphethe ngayo. Abantu abatsha bathunyelwa kula maziko ziinkundla ngokwemiqathango yemithetho ethile elawula oko ukuze bahlale kuwo njengesinyanzelo.
Umntu omtsha ngamnye unikwa isicwangciso sophuhliso lwakhe ukumnceda abuyele kwisimo sesiqhelo nesamkelekileyo. Ingcali kwimpilo yengqondo, ingcali kunyango lomntu, umongi oqeqeshiweyo kunye nonontlalo-ntle bayafumaneka kwiziko ngalinye ukuze bajongane neemeko zolu lutsha. Abahlohli bafumana noqeqesho olulodwa kwizifundo nasekusebenzeni ngononophelo lwabantwana.
Zintoni Iinkomfa Zeembumba Zeentsapho?
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Inkqubo yeSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo isebenzisana nezikolo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kufundiselwa kufundelwe kwizikolo ezikhuselekileyo ngempumelelo.
Amaqhinga ale nkqubo aquka ukufakelwa kwezixhobo zokhuseleko ngelixa kukwajongwana noluntu ekuhlaleni, ngokuthi kuphekwe ukuziphatha kwabafundi kwanokusebenzisana nezikolo ukuzama ukuzuza inkxaso yoluntu ekuhlaleni.
Inkqubo Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo isebenza ngentsebenziswano namapolisa kwakunye nemibutho yeengingqi, mibiutho leyo ifana naogcinumzi abajongene nolwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni kwakunye neeNtlangano Ezijongana Nezinqanda Ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni.
Iziko Elamkela Im, inxeba Yenkqubo Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo ifumene ukutsalelwa iminxeba ngabafundi abazifumana bexhatshazwa, futhi ikwasebenza nanjengeziko loqhagamshelwano kwiingxelo zokuqhekeazwa, ukonakaliswa kwakunye nezinye iziganeko eziphazamisana neenzame zokuqinisekisa ukuba izikolozethu zikhuselekile. Inombolo yomnxeba yeli ziko nantsi 0800 45 46 47.
Okanye ke ungaqhagamshelana neZiko Elamkela Iminxeba leNkqubo Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo: 0800 45 46 47.
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Abantu abadala basoloko bedinga iinkonzo ezizodwa zempilo. Ezi nkonzo ke kusenokufuneka zikhatshwe zezinye iinkonzo ezinokulungela abantu abadala ezifana neenkonzo zezindlu kwanezothutho ezilungele kuphela abantu abadala.
Nakubeni ukuqhutywa kwala Makhaya abantu Abadala ingumsebenzi weSebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu, iSebe Lezempilo liyabandakanyeka kwiimfuno zabadala. Izigulana ezingabantu abadala kwanezo zinezigulo ezingapheliyo, zingalufumana uncedo lolondolozo lwempilo kwimigangatho yonke yonyango, yokuphila kwakhona nezinye iimfuno zempilo. Izigulana zingaya kumakhaya abadala eziwathandayo, zingahlala kwizindlu zazo, ze ezikliniki okanye ziye ezibhedlele xa kuyimfuneko. Izithuthi zingazifumaneka kwamanye amakhaya abantu abadala. Ukongeza, iSebe lijonga qho indlela abadala abatyiswa ngayo kula makhaya abantu abadala. Lukwakho noncedo lwasezindlwini abathi balufumane abadala olunokuthi lufumaneke kumaziko empilo oluntu kwiMetro, le nkonzo baza kuyenzelwa aBadala kwimimandla yasezilalini emva kwenyanga yoKwindla ku-2004.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwabadala yingxaki enkulu yaye isetyenzwa ngamasebe omabini, eleeNkonzo zeNtlalontle nelezeMpilo, kanti ngamanye amaxesha iba liSebe loKhuselo loLuntu. uMthetho osayilwayo usebenza ngokuxhatshazwa kwabadala, ekufuneka unike ingxelo ngalo mbandela.
Izizathu zokuxhatshazwa ziyohluka, futhi ukuxhatshazwa kwabantu abadala kunamathuba amaninzi okwenzeka ukuba umntu lowo akanayo indawo yokuhlala, akanamali yokuthi aziphilele/ azimele, uyalibala okanye akakwazi kwenza zigqibo kwaye uyabhideka. Ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela ukuxhatshazwa kwabantu abadala ziquka ukungaphangeli, ukuhlupheka, ukungabi nandawo iyiyo yokuhlala, uneengxaki zomtshato, utywala neziyobisi nokungabi nalo uqhagamshelwano nabanye abantu. Kwezi nkalo zintlanu zokutshaxhazwa (eyendawo yokuhlala, eyengqondo, eyemali, eyokungahoywa neyesondlo) eyokungabi nandawo yokuhlala yeyona iyingozi , ebanga iintlungu zomzimba , ezengqondo nezomphefumlo.
Ukuba abasebenzi bezeMpilo banorhano lokuba kukho ukuxhatshazwa okuthile, bangaxelela abantu bekhaya nezihlobo ngezinto amabazijonge kwelo khaya lalo mntu mdala, okanye iziko labantu abadala okanye nakweyiphi na indawo ahlala kuyo.
Iintsapho noluntu banganikezela ngengxelo yokuxhatshazwa kwii-ofisi ezikufutshane zeNtlalontle. Ikho inombolo yomnxeba yesizwe ekunokuxelwa kuyo (0800 003081). Xa utsalela umnxeba ezi ofisi zeNtlalontle ngokungxamisekileyo, uyakube unceda umntu omdala ze abekwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kwelinye lamakhaya abantu abadala ixeshana nje elingephi de abe ulungiselelwe indawo eyiyo yokuhlala okanye de kube kanti ingxaki leyo isonjululwe.
Iinkonzo zeMpilo zibonelela ngeendlela zokunceda ezifana nezitulo zeziqhwala ukwenzela ukuba abadala bangaxhomekeki kakhulu. Kwakhona bangacetyiswa ukuba bazimanye namaqela enkxaso. Abantu abadala mabakhuthazwe okokuba bahlale ezindlwini zabo xa kukho inkxaso kangangoko befuna. Abantu abadala mabawazi amalungelo abo ukwenzela ukuba baxhotyiswe bakwazi ukunika ingxelo yeemeko ezingamkelekiyo.
Abantu abandwendwela ikliniki okokuqala/isibhedlele esikudidi lwesibini/lwesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana ngeenkcukacha zabo ukuze umntu ngamnye abe nokuvulelwa icwecwe lakhe. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi. Kuya kufuneka incwadi yembalelwano esuka ekliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Izibhedlele ziza kucela uzinike isiqinisekiso sesixa somvuzo wakho/uvavanyo lomvuzo(IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho ukuba akuqali kuza esibhedlele.
Akuhlawuli kwiikliniki zolondolozo lwempilo yokuqala, kodwa ke ikho imali ehlawulwayo xa undwendwela izibhedlele ezisekelezelwe kumvuzo owufumanayo nenani labantu abaxhomekeke kuwe, ngokomrhumo obizwa apho esibhedlele.
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Oomama/abagcini babantwana bayacetyiswa ukuba base iintsana zabo ezisandul' ukuzalwa kwiikliniki zononophelo lwesigaba sokuqala ukuze ziye kuhlolwa njengesiqhelo.
ukuhlolwa kokuphuhla komntwana kwenziwa njengento yesiqhelo ngamaxesha okutyelelwa kweklinikhi ukuza kugonywa.
ebudala buziinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo.
Usana luye luhlolwe luze luqwalaselwe ngokwasemzimbeni. Olu lokuhlolwa lunceda ekuqwalaseleni ukukhula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Iimvavanyo zisetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba usana lukhula ngokufanelekileyo na ngokuhambelana nobudala balo, ze ziqwalasele imigama esele ihanjiwe ngokwasekukhuleni efana nokuhlala, ukuma, ukukhasa, ukuhamba, ukuthetha nokuphatha izinto. Kukwaqwalaselwa nokubona kwanokuva kosana.
Ukuba kukho ingxaki, usana luye luthunyelwe kwikliniki yeengcali okanye kumachule ukunceda nokunika iingcebiso, umzekelo, iingcali zempilo yengqondo neyomzimba xa zifumaneka, ngokuxhomekeka kwingxaki leyo neemfunno zomntwana lowo.
Iziphumo zovavanyo lokuqwalasela ziye zishicilelwe kwikhadi lasekliniki nakwitshathi yokukhula kosana, ezithi zombini zigcinwe ekliniki. Ubunzima bosana nabo buyashicilelwa kwiTshati ebizwa ngokuba yiTshathi yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni, nethi inikezelwe kumama lusakuba luzelwe usana lwakhe, ze yena ayigcine. Eli khadi lushicilelo oluqhubekayo nolungenkqubela yosana yaye oomama kufuneka bawaphathe rhoqo kutyelelo ngalunye lwasekliniki.
Ukuqwalaselwa kokukhula komntwana yingxenye yesisiseko soncedo lwezempilo. Kuquka ukujongwa rhoqo komlinganiselo wobunzima bomntwana (maxa wambi nobude bakhe). Ukuthatyathwa komlinganiselo kuqala ekuzalweni kuqhube de abe umntwana uneminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ngokufezekileyo, ubunzima bomntwana kufuneka bulinganiswe kanye ngenyanga de abe neminyaka emibini ezelwe, aphinde aye kathathu ngenyanga de abe neminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Umongikazi osekliniki ubhala ubunzima bomntwana kwikhadi elibizwa ngokuba liKhadi leNdlela esingisa eMpilweni. Obu bunzima buthelekiswa netshati yokukhula, ukujonga ukuba ubunzima bukwinqanaba elamkelekileyo lokukhula komntwana kusini na. Ukuba umntwana ubunzima bakhe bungaphantsi kunobo bulindelekileyo, izongezo zokutya ziyafumaneka ezikliniki okanye umntwana uye athunyelwe kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuba undwendwela okokuqala kwiziko lezeMpilo, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze uvulelwe icwecwe lokugcina iimpepha ezineenkcukachazakho. Yiza neNcwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawubhalisile ngaphambili kwelo ziko. Yiza neTshati yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingise eMpilweni.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka mahala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
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Le nkonzo ijolise ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana ukusekela ekuzalweni ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-14 ubudala, abebephatheke gadalala ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwesondo nangokwasemphefumlweni, kwanabo bangahoyekanga. Abantwana ekurhaneleka ukuba bakhe baphathwa gadalala, bangasiwa kwikliniki yonyango apho baya kuxilongwa khona ukuqonda isifo abanaso, baze bafumane iingcebiso malunga naso. Umongikazi wasekliniki okanye ugqirha uya kuthi axilonge umntwana lowo ngokupheleleyo ngokwasemzimbeni aze abhale nembali yakhe. Kubalulekile ukuba umntwana ophetheke gadalala asiwe kwiziko lezempilo ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Okona kulityaziswa, kokona kulindeleka ukuba umntwana ahlupheke ngaphezulu ngokwasemphefumlweni nangokwasengqondweni. Ukhumbule ke a ukuba abanye abantwana baphatheka gadalala kangangeminyaka emininzi, yaye basenokungafuni ukuxilongwa ngokwasemzimbeni kutyelelo lwabo lokuqala kwiziko lonyango, okanye basenokuba baphatheke gadalala ngokwasemphefumlweni kuphela, hayi ngokwesondo, kuleyo imeko baya kufuna iingcebiso baze banyangwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ekuphathweni kwabantwana gadalala ngokwesondo, uphando olulodwa kufuneka lwenziwe, olufana nemiboniso efuneka enkundleni ukunika ubungqina. Kananjalo, umntwana usenokuba uchaphazelekile kwiZifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo kunye noGawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe. Unyango lwezi zifo zosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo lukholisa ukunikezwa xa iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba umntwana lowo wosulelekile.
Abazali okanye abagcini babantwana kufuneka banikwe iingcebiso malunga nobungozi obunokuba kho xa umntwana enokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Umgcini womtwana kuya kuthi kucelwe kuye imvume yokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kumntwana lowo.
Ichiza elilwa noGawulayo, i-AZT (nekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Zidovudine) liya kuthi linikezelwe kumntwana lowo ukuba uthe waziswa kwiziko lezonyango kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-72 zokuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo. Eli chiza alinampembelelo konke-konke ekuthinteleni ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuba umntwana ufike emva kweeyure ezingama-72 kwiziko lonyango, emva kokuba ephethwe gadalala ngokwesondo. Abantwana abakhuselweyo luyilo loncedo lwezonyango kufuneka bafumane i-AZT eza kubagcina iintsuku ezintathu, baze emva koko bamiselwe inani lezi pilisi leentsuku ezingama-25 eziseleyo. Abo bangakhuselwanga lolu yilo loncedo lwezonyango, kufuneka banikwe isixa seepilisi esiza kuthatha iveki yonke, baze basikelwe umhla amababuye ngawo ukuza kuvavanywa kwakhona kwisithuba seveki. Bonke abantwana kufuneka babonwe emva kweveki kuvavanyo olulandelayo ukuza kufumana iziphumo zazo zonke iimvavanyo. Ezinye iipilisi kufuneka zinikezelwe kolu tyelelo (oko kukuthi isixa seeveki ezintathu). I-AZT iyafumaneka kumaziko angama-52 apho abasinde kwimpatho gadalala yabantwana bathi banyangwe khona kwiPhondo.
Abantwana abaziwayo ukuba banentsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka bangayifumani i-AZT. Kufuneka bafumane iingcebiso baze bathunyelwe kwiziko elifanelekileyo lezeMpilo apho kuya kuqwalaselwa khona imeko yabo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo ithuba elide.
Amantombazana afikisayo asele eqalile ukuba sexesheni nakhe adlwengulwa, kufuneka avavanyelwe ukukhulelwa ukwahlula ukhulelwa ebekusele kukho phambi kokuba abe adlwengulwe. Ukuba eza kwiziko lezonyango kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-72 emva kokudlwengulwa, aya kuthi anikwe iingcebiso aze anikwe isinqandi-kukhulelwa sethuba lokuxakeka.
Ukuzama ukunqanda amaqondo aphakame ngolona hlobo nangamkelekanga okuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana kwiNtshona Kapa, iinkonzo zezeMpilo zithe zabambisana namapolisa, aboKhuseleko loLuntu, abeeNkonzo zoLuntu kunye nemibutho engeyo kaRhulumente.
Oonontlalo-ntle banendima ebalulekileyo abayidlalayo ekuncedeni umntwana ukuba aphile emva kokuba aphethwe gadalala. Unontlalo-ntle uya kuthi afundise aze anikezele ngolwazi nangeengcebiso. Ukuba unontlalo-ntle ukholelwa ukuba umntwana usemngciphekweni wokuphathwa gadalala nangaphezulu xa ethe waphuma kwiziko lezempilo, yaye ufuna ukhuselo olungxamisekileyo, bangakhupha ifomu engunombolo 4 egunyazisa ukugcinwa komntwana kwindawo ekhuselekileyo.
Kwakhona, ukuba isimo sengqondo yomntwana sifuna ukungenelela kweencutshe okanye ugqirha wezifo zengqondo, umntwana angathunyelwa kwiziko elifanelekileyo lezempilo.
Kukho imithetho emibini echaphazela ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwesondo nokungahoywa kwabo.ICandelo 15 loMthetho wesilungiso sokuKhathalelwa kwabantwana uthi nabani na onayo nantoni na yokwenza nokugcina abantwana -umzekelo ootitshala, oonontlalo-ntle, kunye noogqirha - nabathi barhane ukuba umntwana uphatheke gadalala, kufuneka bakuxele oku kwiSebe leeNkonzo zoLuntu. UMthetho ongunombolo 133 ka 1993 (iCandelo 4), oThintela ubuGebenga phakathi koSapho uthi impatho-gadalala erhanelekayo kubantwana kufuneka ixelwe kwilungu lamapolisa okanye kumsebenzi ojongene nonentlalo-ntle yabantwana okanye unontlalo-ntle.
Kukho amaziko ezempilo angama-52 kwiphondo azinikele kulawulo lwabantwana nabantu abadala abakhe baphathwa gadalala. Ukuba awunakho ukuya kwelinye lala maziko, yiya kwiziko lezempilo elikufutshane nawe. Ukuba urhanela ukuba umntwana ukhe waphatheka gadalala, ungamsa ngqo kwikliniki yoncedo lwezempilo. Abantwana abaphethwe gadalala bangathunyelwa kwikliniki liCandelo loKhuseleko lwaBantwana, ipolisa okanye unontlalo-ntle.
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Isigulo esiqatha seso siqhubekeka ixesha elide okanye siphinde sibuye emva kwexesha elide. Ezinye zezona zigulo ziqatha sisifo semiphunga kwanesoxinzelelo lwegazi (ubushushu begazi).
Izigulo ezondeleyo zinokudalwa yimfuzo kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibakho ngendlela aphila ngayo, kwakhona neemeko zokusingqongileyo, ziyazandisa, ezifana nokutshaya, ukutya okungafanelekanga, ukungazilolongi, nokusela okugqithisileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko ziyalawuleka, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibangelwa kukuhlupheka, nokungatyi kutya kusempilweni lo mzuzu umntu akhulelweyo.
Kukho umbandela wenkonzo obaluleke kakhulu onenjongo yokuthintela isigulo nokuvuselela imo yempilo, ngokungaphandle kokwalatha isigulo kwangethuba, ukulawula nokunciphisa ingozi.
Izigulo ezondeleyo ezibekwa kuqala zezi: ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi isifo soxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo sesifuba, isifo sokuwa, isifo sezintso, umhlaza, isifo sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemiphunga, kunye neswekile uHlobo lwesi 2 (iswekile yohlobo loku 1, olufunyanwa kubantwana abancinci, yiyona iqhelekileyo) Uninzi lwezi zifo zezethuba elide kwaye ezinye zazo azinakunyangeka, zinokuthintelwa kuphela.
Kumgangatho wokuqala wononophelo lwempilo inkonzo isekelezelwe ekuthinteleni ngokuthi kufundiswe abantu ngezibonelelo zendlela yokuphila esempilweni. Ikliniki nganye inomntu oqeshiweyo onezakhono zokufumana iziphumo zoxilongo nokulawula iimeko zezifo ezondeleyo ukuqalela kwabancinci ukuya kwabadala. Izigulana ziya kwazi ukubona umongikazi omnye xa ziphinda zibuya, xa ziza rhoqo kunyango lweswekile/ kwisifo soxinzelelo lwegazi okanye kwisifo sesifuba. Zinikwa ikhadi okanye into emaziyincamathisele kumacwecwe azo wona aqinisekisa ulondolozo oluqhubekekayo. Ukucebisa nokuthobela yingxenye yale nkonzo. Oogqirha namagosa ezonyango bayatshintshiselana ngokuvelela izigulana ezinezifo ezondeleyo ezisezibhedlele nasezikliniki.
Akho amalungiselelo enziweyo okuba izigulana (ingakumbi abadala) zingayi qho ezibhedlele nasezikliniki ngokuthi zinikwe amayeza aza kuthatha inyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu. Abasebenzi bade baqalisa nemibutho namaqela awodwa enkxaso ukulungiselela abantu abanezigulo ezondeleyo. Ngale ndlela ke izigulana zingathi zifumane ingcaciso ngononophelo lwempilo olulodwa nemfundo ebhekiselele kwiimeko zabo zempilo.
Xa impilo isiya isiba mandundu okanye izigulana zigula kakhulu, ziye zisiwe kumgangatho olandelayo wolondolozo.
Inikezelwe apha ngezantsi imizekelo yeendlela zokuthintela, zokulawula nokunyanga izifo ezondeleyo.
ISIFO SESIFUBA sichaphazela abadala nabantwana. Kukudumba okondeleyo kwemibhobho yomoya ebangelwa yinto ethile engavumelani nempilo yomntu. Isifo sesifuba asinyangeki, kodwa sinokulawulwa ngokuyimpumelelo ngokuthi kusetyenziswe amayeza yonke imihla. Ukuhlolwa nonyango lwabadala lwenziwa kwiikliniki zokulondoloza impilo zokuqala apho abagulayo baxilongelwa khona, luqala khona uvavanyo olulodwa nokunyanga abantu. Abagulayo bafundiswa ngendlela yokulawula izifo zabo zesifuba , baziswe ngemiba ezisenza mandundu ezinjengokutshaya, ukungazilolongi nothuli olusendlini. Izigulana ezihlaselwa kakhulu sisifo sesifuba zinokufuna uncedo lonyango olungxamisekileyo, zithunyelwe nasezibhedlele.
ISIFO SOXINZELELO LWEGAZI sisifo sendlela yokuphila esinokuthi sithintelwe size sinyangwe. Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlala lunyukile ithutyana elide, kuye kubekho ubuzaza. Ob buzaza budibanise imithanbo yegazi, intliziyo, izintso kunye namehlo. Izinto ezinokuthi zikhokelele kukufa kwelungu nasekufeni. Izigulana ezinesifo soxinzelelo lwegazi ziza kuxelelwa kumgangatho wokuqala wokulondoloza impilo ngendlela yokuphucula impilo yazo jikelele nangendlela yokunciphisa eminye imiba yesifo sentliziyo umzekelo ukuzilolonga, ukuyeka ukutshaya, utywala neziyobisi nokuphungula ukusebenzisa ityuwa. Ukuba kuthe emva kwazo zonke ezi zinto, uxinzelelo lwahlala luphezulu, uza kuchazelwa ngonyango. Kufuneka izigulana zibuye zize rhoqo ekliniki zizokujongwa zinikwe namayeza. Kufuneka izigulo ezinobuzaza ezifana nesifo sokufelwa lilungu lomzimba, isifo sentliziyo ukuyeka kwezintso zinyangwe kumgangatho wesibhedlele.
Iinkonzo yolondolozo lwezigulo ezondeleyo kwimigangatho emithathu - owokuqala ophakathi nowesithathu - ilungelelanisa ukuba abantu abafuna inkam-nkam bayifumane.
Ezi nkonzo zifumaneka kwiikliniki nezibhedlele zonke eziseNtshona Koloni. Abantu abaqalayo ukuza kwizibhedlele baza kucelwa ukuba bazalise iphetshana elifuna iinkcukacha zabo, ze bakugqiba bavulelwe icwecwe. Kufuneka beze nezazisi zabo. Kuza kufunwa incwadi yembalelwano ebasusa ekliniki ibase esibhedlele. Esibhedlele kuza kufunwa isiqinisekiso somvuzo waloo nyanga uye ngayo/ uxwebhu lokuhlola umvuzo (RP5) Ukuba ubukhe weza esibhedlele , yiza nekhadi lakho. Indlela yokuhlawula: Akuhlawulwa, kodwa ke ikho imali ehlawulwayo xa usiza esibhedlele, kwaye le ixhomekeke kumvuzo owamkelayo nakubantu abaxhomekeke kuwe.
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Le nkonzo ijolise ekuthinteleni iimeko zamehlo eziya kukhokelela kubumfama, yaye nokunyanga abantu abanengxaki nokubona kwabo.
Uxilongo lwamehlo, eliqukanisa nokusebenzisa iitshathi zamehlo, ziyafumaneka kwiiKlinikhi zokuQala zoGonyo lweMpilo kumgangatho wePHC, zinceda ukukhangela iingxaki zokunganyangeki ezinje ngokubona izinto ezikufutshane kuphela, ukubona kude kuphela, ukubona jijekileyo kwakunye "namehlo agugayo". Emva kobudala obungama-40 eminyaka, inwebu yamehlo isilanga iyaqina yaye yenze kube nzima kwabanye abantu ukufunda besondele.
Ukuba ufuna iiglasi zamehlo, igama lakho liya kufakwa kuluhlu lwabalindileyo ukusukela kwinyanga enye ukuya kwezili- 18. Umongikazi wasendaweni yokuqala yonyango (The PHC nurse) uya kwenza ubhukisho lwakho lokba udibane noGqirha wamehlo omana etyelela iklinikhi ngamaxesha amathile. Iiglasi zamehlo ezisimahla kwakunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo zokunceda zisele zikhona yaye ziza kuphunyezwa kungekudala.
Iingxangxasi zamehlo okanye umlanga, ukukhukhumala okubonakala kuwile/ukuba luzizi wesilanga, zizinto ezo ezikhokelela kubumfama. Ziyanyangeka yaye ziyakwazi ukuchongeka ngokulula kwiiklinikhi zonyango-mpilo zokuqala kwakunye nakumaziko, nnakwabo Bantu banyangela emakhaya ngoba ziyabonakala ngokuthe gca. Uqhaqho lokususa umlanga lwenziwa kwizibhedlele zomgangatho wesibini. Kukho uluhlu lwabalindileyo. Abantu abaneswekile kufuneka balufumane ukhangelo lwamehlo kanye ngonyaka ukukhangela ukwakheka komlanga emehlweni abo. Kungakhona nomahluko kwinwebu ephakathi elisweni, enokukhokelela ebumfameni. Kule meko umxhamli kufuneka ukuba adluliselwe kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesibini, apho aya kufumana khona unyango ekuthiwa yi 'laser therapy'.
Uthintelo kwasekuqaleni luqukanisa imfundo ngezempilo, ugonyo lwemasisi ebantwaneni, iinkonzo zoomama nezempilo, nenkuthazo yokhuseleko. Uthintelo loloyiko lokonakala kwenwebu yamehlo eyenziwa kukungondleki kakuhle, usuleleko kunye nomenzakalo/ukwenzakala kubalulekile. Ukungafumaneki kakuhle kukavithamini A yeyona ndoqo edala ubumfama ebantwaneni.
Isifo samehlo esingapheliyo nesinokubangela ukungaboni (Chronic glaucoma) yenye yezinto zesibini ezinobangela ubumfama eMzantsi Afrika. Abongikazi abaxilonga amehlo kwakunye noogqirha bamehlo bayabaxilonga abaxhasi babo ezibhedlele (ezikwingingqi okanye ezikumgangatho wesibini). Ukuba unyango ngokutyanda luyadingeka, isigulana siya kudluliselwa kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu.
Uxilongo lwamehlo olukudidi olusezantsi luyafumaneka kuzo zonke iiklinikhi zePHC kwakunye nakumaziko. Ukuba kuyafuneka, abaxhasi baya kuthunyelwa kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho wesibini nowesithathu ukuze baxilongwe baze banyangwe ngokuthe xhaxhe. Abatyeleli bokuqala kwiklinikhi okanye kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesibini/nowesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu lweenkcukacha luya kuvulelwa umguli lowo. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi. Incwadi yokuthunyelwa evela eklinikhi iya kufunwa xa utyelele isibhedlele. Izibhedlele ziya kukubuza nangamaphepha abonisa umvuzo wakho wakutsha nje/uphononongo lomvuzo (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawusele ubhalisiwe esibhedlele.
Kusimahla kumgangatho weeklinikhi zonyango zokuqala (PHC). Ukuba udluliselwe esibhedlele ikhona indleko ekhoyo. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka ekubeni wamkela malini na kwaye bangaphi na abantu abaxhomekeke kuwe, ngokuphathelele kwisikali sokuxabisa sasesib.
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Umntu ofuna ukuzazi ukuba wosulelwe na yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo angaya ekliniki okanye nakweliphi na uncedo lwempilo lukawonke-wonke lokuya kuzifunela uvavanyo neengcebiso. Umntu uyazithabathela isigqibo sokuya kuvavanyo - akukho mntu unokunyanzeliswa ukuba aye kwenza uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Amanyathelo angundoqo ekufuneka ethatyathiwe kukufumana iingcebiso ngaphambi kolu vavanyo, uvavanyo buqu kwaneengcebiso ezinikezelwa emva kwalo.
Apha e-ATIIC iingcebiso kuqala lunikezelwe iingcebiso ngaphambi kovavanyo olo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yingcali yempilo yengqondo ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu lowo ufumana ingcaciso eyaneleyo ukuze enze isigqibo spkuba alwenze na olo vavanyo okanye hayi. Incoko ke ke yenziwayo bucala yaye iyimfihlelo, futhi ke iqulethe ulwazi ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo/ngoGawulayo kwanovavanyo olo. Emva kokufumana ezo ngcebiso ngaphambi kovavanyo umntu lowo angazithabathela isigqibo sokuba aqhubekeke na nolo vavanyo okanye hayi. Umntu ke kufuneka anikezele imvume yokwenziwa kovavanyo ngokuthi agcwalise ze atyikitye iphetshana eligunyazisa oko.
Umntu unakho nokunikezela ngelungelo lakhe lokutyikitya eli phetshana lemvume komnye umntu. Umzekelo, umzali okanye ummeli womntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-14 angavuma ukuba umntwana lowo angaluthatha uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Abantwana ke abangaphezu kweminyaka eli-14 abavumileyo ukuthatha uvavanyo kufuneka bazinikwe iziphumo zeemvavanyo zabo. Olu lwazi ke alunakudluliselwa kubazali baba bantwana ngaphandle kwemvume yabo.
Akuvumelekanga ukuvavanya abasebenzi kwindawo yabo yempangelo ngaphandle kokuba loo nto ivunywa yiNkundla Yabasebenzi, ngokuthobela iSahluko 7(2) somthetho i-Employment Equity, wama-55 ka-1998.
Uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo luvavanyo oluchanekileyo lenzululwazi olubonisayo ukuba umntu wosulelwe yile Ntsholongwane okanye hayi kwaye lusoloko lusenziwa kwigazi lomntu. Amaziko amaninzi ovavanyo asebenzisa Indlela Ekhawulezileyo Yokuvavanya, nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umntu uthi azifumane iziphumo zakhe kwimizuzu nje engamashumi amabini.
Ingxelo ekhawulezileyo yovavanyo inikwa umntu ngexesha lokufumana iingcebiso emva kovavanyo olo. Kwaneli ke ityeli lovavanyo neengcebiso likwayimfihlelo eyaziwa ngumvavanywa nomvavanyi kuphela yaye neziphumo zaziwa nguye kuphela, kuba kungekho mthethweni into yokunika umntu ingxelo zakhe nokuba unayo nokuba akanayo ungayifumenanga imvume yalo mntu, ubegqiba kwenza olo vavanyo. Ukuba umntu akachatshazelwanga yile ntsholongwane uza kucetyiswa ngengozi zokwabelana ngesondlo ezikhuselekileyo aphinde afundiswe nangokusebenzisa ntsilathi. Xa umntu kufumaniseke ukuba unayo, uza kucetyiswa ngendlela amakazamkele ngayo ezi ndaba, anikwe nengcaciso ngokwabelana ngesondo okukhuselekilyo nangokutya okunika impilo ekufuneka ekutyile. Umntu anganikwa iingcebiso eziqhubekekayo okanye athunyelwe kwiqela lenkxaso okanye kumbutho. Umama ekufumaniseke ukuba unayo uza kuthunyelwa ukuba azimanye neNkqubo Yokuthintela Ukosuleleka Kosana.
Abacebisi kwiphondo baqeqeshwa liZiko loqeqesho likaGawulayo Nelengcaciso.(ATICC) elisePlumstead, eKapa. Ngamavolontiya odwa asebenza Kwimibutho engekho phantsi kukaRhulumente anokuthi acele ukuqeqeshwa.
Xa unento ongayiqondiyo malunga neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kunye noGawulayo ungafowunela le nombolo yamahala Yoncedo esebenza iiyure ezingama-24 engu- 0800 012 322.
Kuyimfuneko ukwenza idinga lokuzisa kuvavanyo neengcebiso zakwa-ATTIC.
>Uvavanyo ozifunele ngokwakho ke kwakunye neengcebiso zifumaneka kwiikliniki nakumaziko ononophelo lwempilo yoluntu. Xa ingekhoyo le nkonzo kwezi ndawo zingentla umntu lowo makathunyelwe kwiqumrhu elinazo ezi nkonzo zeengcebiso okanye kwelinye ke iziko elinazo.
Abantu abaqalayo ukutyelela loo kliniki okanye elo ziko lempilo yoluntu bayakucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana elifuna iinkcukacha zabo ukuze umntu ngamnye enzelwe noxwebhu lwakhe. Kufuneka umntu eze nencwadi yakhe yesazisi.
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 763 5320/1/2/3.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11501.6392.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uncedo lwasekhaya (i-HBC ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) kukunikezelwa kweemfuno zoncedo lokonga ngabanikezeli abasesikweni okanye abangekho sikweni, kubantu emakhayeni abo. Le nkonzo iyafumaneka kubantu abaneemfuno ngokwasengqondweni, emzimbeni, emphefumlweni nasentlalweni. Phakathi kwabantu abalulungeleyo olu ncedo ngabo banesifo sokushwabana icala lomzimba, abaphila noGawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe, abaphazamisekileyo ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni, abantu abadala ababuthathaka, okanye abantu abagula kakhulu. Uncedo olunikezelwayo lwenzelwe ukugcina nokubuyisela iqondo eliphezulu lozinzo nolonwabo, ukusebenza kunye nempilo, kuquka nokufa okundilisekileyo.
Ngubani onikezela ngoncedo lwasekhaya?
Iinkonzo zoncedo lwasekhaya kwiNtshona Kapa zithi zinikezelwe yimibutho engajonganga ngeniso nethi ifake izicelo zomsebenzi ofun' ukwenziwa ze ifumane inkxaso-mali kuRhulumente wePhondo. Abaguli abafuna inkathalo eqhubekayo ekhaya besakube bekhululwe esibhedlele, bathi bathunyelwe kwiziko lezempilo elikwiCandelo lezempilo kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Umongikazi ekliniki okanye kwiziko lezempilo uye athumele umguli kumbutho ongajonganga ngeniso emele iinkonzo zoncedo lwasekhaya kwindawo ohlala kuyo. UmLawuli wombutho lowo (umongikazi) uya kuthi avavanye iimfuno zomguli ekhayeni lakhe aze abenzele isicwangciso. Umongikazi uya kuthi ke atyumbe umntu oza kunikezela ngoncedo kumguli lowo. Umnikezeli ngoncedo uya kuthi anikezele ngeenkonzo ngokomyalelo okwisicwangciso soncedo, aze umongikazi atyelele umguli lowo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso siyaqhutywa.
Uncedo lwasekhaya asiloncedo oluthatha iiyure ezingama-24, yaye aluthathi ndawo yosapho njengabantu abanceda umguli. Lwenzelwe kuphela iinkonzo zokuncedisa nokuxhasa ukunqanda ukuxakekiswa kwabanikezeli ngoncedo abasoloko benyanzeleka ukuba banyamekele izizalwane zabo ezigulayo.
Abanikezeli ngoncedo abavela kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo kuye kufuneke ukuba bagqibe izifundo zonikezelo ngoncedo lwasekhaya ezithi ziququzelelwe liSebe lezeMpilo. Uqeqesho oluqhubekekayo luqhutyelwa kwezo ndawo zoncedo, luye lunikezelwe leli Sebe ukuqinisekisa ukuba nakho kwabanikezeli ngoncedo ukwenza umsebenzi abawuqeqeshelwayo.
Abasebenzi bezoncedo kulindeleke ukuba bancede abaguli kunye namalungu eentsapho zabo ukuba baphile bekwazi nokuzimela. Abasebenzi abasebenza ngokuzithandela nabo baye bafunwe ukuncedisa iinkonzo ezinikelwa ngabasebenzi boncedo. Bathi bezinikele njengamaqabane, bathuthe amayeza, bathunywe nasezivenkileni, njalo njalo.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba le nkonzo ayikho kuzo zonke iindawo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11502.6539.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ugonyo lukhusela abantu abadala nabantwana kwizifo ezinobungozi kodwa zinokuthintelwa. UMbutho weMpilo kaZwelonke uthi ugonyo luhlangula ubomi bezigidi ezithathu zabantu ngonyaka.
Kufuneka agonywe nini umntwana wakho?
ISebe lezeMpilo licebisa oomama ngokumandla ukuba bakhusele abantwana babo kwizifo ezosulelayo ngokuthi babase ukuba baye kugonywa ukususela ekuzalweni kwabo ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ugonyo lufumaneka simahla kuwo onke amaziko ezonyango. Eli Sebe liqhuba amaphulo ogonyo, baze abasebenzi bezempilo bathunyelwe kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi ukuya kugonya abantwana. Eli Phondo liceba iphulo elikhulu logonyo ukulwa nerhashalala kunye nepoliyo ngonyaka ka-2004.
Ugonyo lukhuselekile. Nangona zisenokuba kho iziphumo ezingalunganga emva kogonyo, zisoloko zingenabungozi bungako yaye ziphela ngokukhawuleza. Qhagamshelana nekliniki ekufutshane nawe ukufumana iingcebiso ukuba uxhalabile.
Ipoliyo ibangwa ziintsholongwane (iintsholongwane zepoliyo), ezithi zihlasele imithambo-luvo, zibangela ukutyhafa okanye ukushwabana komlenze okanye kwengalo xa ithe yanobuzaza, isenokuchaphazela izihlunu zemiphunga okanye ukuphefumla.
Irhashalala ibangela icesina kunye nerhashalala yaye ingakhokhelela kutyatyazo nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukungeva ngeendlebe, izigulo zamehlo, ukukrala kwemiphunga, ukonakala kwengqondo kunye nokufa.
I-Haemophilus Influenza Type B (Hib) sisigulo esinobungozi kakhulu esihlasela ikakhulu abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala, yaye ukubulawa sesi sifo kuqhelekile kubantwana abangaphantsi konyaka ubudala. Abanye babantwana abasindayo kwesi sifo bathi babe nomonakalo osisigxina ofana nobumfama, ukungeva ngeendlebe, ukonakala kwengqondo okanye ukushwabana kwamalungu omzimba.
I-Hepatitis B isisifo sokosuleleka kwesibindi, esinokubangela umonakalo kwisibindi eso, umhlaza wesibindi kunye nokufa.
I-Pertussis (unkonkonko) uqala ngentloko ebuhlungu, icesina nokhohlokhohlo. Uhlaselo lokhohlokhohlo olukhulu luthi lwenze kube nzima ukuba umntwana atye, asele okanye aphefumle.
Uminxano-mihlathi (ukuqina kwemihlathi) lwenzeka xa ityhefu evela kwintsholongwane yominxano-mihlathi esuka emhlabeni ithi ingene enxebeni okanye umkrwelo. Le ntsholongwane ingabangela inkantsi yezihlunu, iingxaki zokuphefumla nezentliziyo, kunye nokufa. Amathuba okubulawa yile meko maninzi kakhulu.
Ukubola komqala sisifo seentsholongwane esinobungozi kakhulu, nesenza ukuba kube nzima ukuphefumla.
Isifo sokudumba kwenwebu yobuchopho esibangelwa sisifo sephepha sisifo esinobungozi kakhulu nesinokuhlasela wonke umntu singakhethi budala butheni. Abo bafumana isifo sephepha bathi bakhathazwe kukukhohlela ithuba elide, iintlungu zesifuba, ukubila ebusuku, ukwehla ngokwasemzimbeni kwanokufa xa sithe asanyangwa. Kubantwana abancinane intsholongwane yesifo sephepha ingahlasela ingqondo ibangele ukudumba kwenwebu yobuchopho, okanye ingangena egazini ize yandele kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Isifo sephepha singababulala abantu abancinci. Olona khuseleko lwabantu abasebancinci kwisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane yesifo sephepha lugonyo lwe-BCG.
Abantwana abangakhange bafumane i-BCG ekuzalweni kwabo, badla ngokugonywa xa besisiwa ekliniki kutyelelo olulandelayo logonyo, xa beneeveki ezintandathu ubudala. Nawuphi na umntwana obudala bungaphantsi konyaka ongakhange alufumane ugonyo lwe-BCG ekuzalweni kwakhe kufuneka asiwe kwikliniki ekufutshane naye, apho luya kuthi lunikezelwe khona ugonyo olo. Abantwana abosuleleke yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, abagulayo bekwabonakalisa iimpawu zikaGawulayo mabangalufumani ugonyo lwe-BCG.
Olu ludwe lwenkqubo yogonyo lulapha ngezantsi lubonakalisa ubudala bogonyo ngalunye. Kubalulekile ukuba ugonyo lugqitywe njengoko lucacisiwe kolu luhlu.
Ugonyo luyafumaneka kuzo zonke iikliniki zoncedo lwezempilo nakumaziko ezempilo, nakulawo omgangatho ophezulu. Kufuneka usoloko uphethe itshati okanye ikhadi elibizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esinga eMpilweni ngalo lonke ixesha usiya ekliniki ukuqinisekisa ukuba ugonyo luhamba ngendlela eyiyo.
Lonke ugonyo olukuluhlu lwesiqhelo lufumaneka simahla kuzo zonke iindawo zoncedo lwezonyango kunye namaziko.
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Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Umongikazi uya kuthi afune umchamo wakho, oza kuthi uvavanywe.
Kuya kuthi xa ukhulelo luthe lwaqinisekiswa, lowo ukhulelweyo akhethiswe phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo. Ukuba ubani ufuna ukuqhubekeka nokhulelwa oko, uya kuthi athunyelwe kwenye yeendawo zoncedo lwezempilo ezibizwa ngokuba ngamaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi). La ke ngamacandelo aphethwe ngababelekisi kwindawo ohlala kuyo, bekwenza oku kubaguli boncedo lwezonyango.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango.
Iimvavanyo zenziwa mahala kumaCandelo kaRhulumente ezonyango kodwa qala uqinisekise ukuba ayafumaneka, ingakumbi ezilalini.
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Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje emva kokubeleka.
Umama uye enziwe uvavanyo lokuqala olupheleleyo neengcebiso kutyelelo lwakhe lokuqala emva kokubeleka, nolukwabizwa ngokuba lutyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Ukukhulelwa kuyaqwalaselwa ngawo onke amaxesha umama esiza kutyelelo olulandelayo. Impilo kamama nayo iyaqwalaselwa. Kuthatyathwa ubunzima bakhe, uxinzelelo lwakhe lwegazi, ze kuvavanywe nomchamo wakhe. Ukuba akukho zingxaki, umama uthi abuye kutyelelo lwakhe olulandelayo lokuqala emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuza kuva ngeziphumo zeemvavanyo ebezenziwe ngethuba lotyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Emva koku, kufuneka abuyele ekliniki rhoqo emva kweeveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezingama-28, aphinde emva kwezingama-34, emva koko aye njengoko exelelwe ngabasebenzi basekliniki okanye abeCandelo lokuBelekisa. (Ukuphinda-phinda ngexesha elimisiweyo kuyohluka ngokweendawo).
Oomama abakhulelweyo bavavanywa kangangoko ukukhangela ukuba akukho mingcipheko kusini na ngokuphathelele kwimpilo yabo naleyo yosana olungekazalwa. Ulutsha olungamantombazana kunye nabasetyhini abangaphezulu kwama-35 eminyaka ubudala, nabakhulelweyo bathathwa njengabona bantu basemngciphekweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngabona bantu kufaneleke ukuba babe neengxaki ngethuba lokukhulelwa nokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abakhulelweyo nabo bangabonwa njengabantu abasemngciphekweni ukuba uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi luye lwanyuka, ukuba baneziphazamiso zemfuzo, ukuba ukhulelwe abantwana abangaphezulu kwesinye naxa babenziwe uqhaqho ngethuba eludlileyo lokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abafunyenwe besemngciphekweni bathunyelwa kwikliniki yabaguli abasandul' ukubeleka kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu, apho kuthi kwenziwe uphando neemvavanyo. Oomama abaneengxaki ekukhulelweni kwabo baye bacetyiswe ukuba baye kwiikliniki zabangaliswayo abasandul' ukubeleka rhoqo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango. Abantu abangekho mngcipheweni kakhulu ekukhulelweni kwabo baye baqwalaselwe kumaCandelo okuBelekisa (amaCandelo okuBelekisa aphethwe ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni bewaqhubela abaguli bamaziko ezempilo) ezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye ezilalini. Abantu abakhulelweyo nabasemngciphekweni ngolona hlobo baye baqwalaselwe kwiikliiniki zabagula bengalaliswa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nakwizibhedlele kwizithili ezisezilalini kwanezo zikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
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Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni i-FAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abane-FAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abane-FAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
Ungalufumana olu ncedo kwikliniki yoncedo lwezempilo, kwiikliniki ezinceda oomama ngolwazi lwaphambi kokubeleka okanye kwizibhedlele eziphezulu ukuba udluliselwe kumgca ongentla.
Ukuba uya okokuqala kwiziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe neqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile kwelo ziko. Yiza neTshathi yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni. Ukuba uxhalabile yindlela obusela ngayo utywala, okanye kukho imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza kumsebenzi wezempilo, nceda ukwenze oko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye i-FAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni iFAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abaneFAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abaneFAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
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Abafazi abayeka ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha elililo (ngaphambi kobudala obungama- 45 eminyaka) okanye abakwixesha lokuyeka kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu ezibagungqisayo, banakho ukufumana uphononongo koogqirha bomama kwakunye nokuxilongwa. Uvavanyo lwencindi lungenziwa ukuze kubekho izigqibo zonyango. Oomama bangacela ingcebiso ukuze bakwazi ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela yonyango iphucukileyo.
Ungatyelela indawo yonyango lokuqala esekuhlaleni, yaye ngokuxhomekeke kwingxaki leyo, usenokuthunyelwa kwicandelo leenkonzo zabasetyhini kummandla okanye kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu (iGroote Schuur okanye iTygerberg) ukuyokwenza uxilongo lwencindi, uphando oluthe xhaxhe nonyango. Kuya kufuneka uthunyelwe ukuba utyelele kwizibhedlele zommandla okanye kwezikumgangatho wesithathu apho iinkonzo zabasetyhini zifumaneka khona. Ukuba ungumtyeleli okokuqala, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu luya kuvulwa. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi kwakunye nekhadi lakho laseklinikhi/isibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe kakade kwindawo enjalo.
Inkonzo kwiindawo zokuqala zonyango lwempilo zisimahla ukuba akunayo imedical aid. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele, kusengakhona iindleko ezikhoyo.
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Zikho iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonyango lokuqala nonyango lwasesibhedlele lwabantwana, abafikisayo ebuntwini nabantu abakhulu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo bangafumana unyango kwiikliniki zonyango lokuqala zabagula ngengqondo.
Ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu emizimbeni yezigulane ezigulela ngaphandle kungenziwa kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala, ukuba ikho imfuneko yoko. Abantu abaxhomekeke kwiziyobisi, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesiyobisi nezinye izinto, banokuziva beneempawu ezingemnandi zokuyeka iziyobisi xa beyeka iziyobisi zabo. Ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu yindlela yezonyango yokungenelela nenceda ekunciphiseni uvakalelo ngokomzimba nangokomphefumlo, kanti nasekulawuleni iingxaki ezinokubangwa kukuyeka iziyobisi, ngaphambi kokuba umntu lowo aye kufumana olunye unyango nokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo.
Izibhedlele zeenqila (ezenqanaba lesibini) zibonelela abantu abaxhomekeke etywaleni nakwiziyobisi ngeenkonzo zokukhutshwa kotyhefeko emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuba balaliswe kumaziko onyango ukuze bafumane olunye unyango nokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo.
Iziko i-De Nova Treatment Centre ese-Kraaifontein lifumana uncedo-mali olupheleleyo kwiSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo-ntle kwaye libonelela ngonyango lokuxhomekeka etywaleni nakwiziyobisi. Le nkonzo yeyabantu abangenamndla ngokwezimali kunye nabo bathunyelwa kuyo licandelo lezomthetho. Iinkonzo zabagula ngengqondo nasemphefumlweni zifumaneka ngamaxesha athile kwiingcali zabagula ngengqondo, ngcali ezo ziqeshwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Amanye amaziko onyango lwabasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo naphantsi kweeNGOs abhalisiwe kwaye afunyaniswa isabsidi liSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo-ntle. Imbinana yamaziko abucala okunyanga abasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo ineelayisenisi ezikhutshwe liSebe lezeMpilo ukuze ibonelele ngeenkqubo zonyango ndawonye neenkqubo zokukhupha utyefeko emzimbeni. Isibhedlele i-Stikland sibonelela izigulane ezilalisiweyo ngeenkonzo zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo emva kokusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo.
Iziko ngalinye lineendlela ezithile zokuthumela izigulane ezibhedlele kwaye ezo ndlela zingafumaneka ngokuthi umntu azidibanise neziko elo, wona maziko adweliswe kwi-ncwadi-salathisi yabagula ngengqondo.
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iNkqubo Ehlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imeko yesondlo sabo bonke abantu abahlala kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa. Zininzi ke iinkalo zale nkqubo.
Le Nkqubo Ihlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imo yesondlo kubo bonke abantu abahlala kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni.
Ukungondleki yingxaki enkulu eMzantsi Afrika kwaye kuyenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezinegalelo kwizifo nokufa okugubungele abantwana. Uqikelelo ludiza ukuba malunga ne-30% yabantwana boMzantsi Afrika baphazanyiswa kukungondleki ngokwaneleyo kwiminyaka yabo yokukhula.
Ukutya ngokunganelisiyo, ukugula nokuxhalaba emphefumlweni/ukonzakala kakhulu zezona zinto ziphambili ezingunobangela wokungondleki. Ubuhlwempu nokunqongophala kwezinto eziluncedo zezona zinto zinegalelo ekungondlekini. Le nkqubo izama ngeendlela ezininzi ukujongana nalo bhubhane uzimeleyo.
Kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala abantwana abafunyaniswe bengondlekanga (oku kuquka abantwana nabantu abakhulu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo nesifo sephepha) baya kunikwa izinto ezixhasa ukutya, kubandakanywa nomgubo wombona otyetyisiweyo kunye nesiselo esinika amandla. Izixhasi-kutya zinikwa izigulane ezichongwe ngendlela ethile. Abasebenzi bezempilo nabo baye bazinike iingcebiso nengcaciso izigulane, zifundiswe nokufundiswa ngeentlobo zokutya okunempilo nezona ndlela zinempilo zokupheka. Iingcali zokutya nazo ziye zibonelele uluntu ngeenkonzo ezizodwa.
Ukuzama ukulwa nokungondleki kwabantwana abancinane amagosa ezempilo aye akhuthaze abasetyhini ukuba babancancise ubisi lwebele abantwana babo de babe neenyanga ezintandathu ubudala, ze emva koko baqhubeke ngokubancancisa babatyise nezixhasi-kutya de babe neminyaka emibini ubudala. Ezinye iindlela zokutyisa abantwana kuye kuboniswane ngazo noomama abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Isibhedlele sase-Vredendal neziko labadlezana laseGroote Schuur zizibhedlele ezikhathalela iintsana kweli phondo, oku zikwenza phantsi kwelinge lezibhedlele ezikhathalela iintsana, iBaby Friendly Hospital Initiative ngesiNgesi.
Bonke abantwana baviwa ubunzima njengenxgenye yenkqubo yokubeka iliso ekukhuleni kwabo, nto leyo ikwaziyo ukuchaza ukuba umntwana uyakhula kusini na. Ubunzima bomntwana bubhalwa kwikhadi i-Road to Health Card. Kuye kukhangelwe izinto ezingunobangela wokuhla kobunzima, zinto ezo zifana nezifo ezosulelayo, indlala emakhaya nokungakhathalelwa. Izifo ezosulelayo zinendima ephambili ekungondlekini kwabantwana kwaye ezo zifo zinyangwa kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala. Izifo zorhudo zinxulumene kakhulu neemeko zokucoceka kwendawo (ukucoceka kweendawo zangasese namanzi) nokungondleki okanye ukungondleki kakuhle kosana, nto leyo yenza ukuba luhlaselwe lula lurhudo.
Amakhaya agutyungelwe bubuhlwempu aya chongwa aze adityaniswe nenye yeenkqubo zikarhulumente zokulwa nobuhlwempu. Indlala emakhaya isetyenzwa ngokubambisana kwamacandelo kwaye loo makhaya aye abonelelwe ngoncedo nenkxaso efanelekileyo.
Ukulawula ukunqongophala kwezakha-mzimba yenye yezinto eziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yale nkonzo. Izakha-mzimba zizinto zendalo ezifana nevitamin neetyuwa zomzimba, nezimlinganiselo mncinane ekutyeni kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo entle. I-INP ibonelela abantwana abathile ekujoliswe kubo ngeVitamin A. Abantwana abaswele iVitamin A bayabhitya, abakhuli kakuhle kwaye basemngciphekweni wokosulelwa zizifo, bafe ngenxa yazo. Ukungabikho kweVitamin A konakalisa namehlo kwaye ukunqongophala kwayo ngomnye unobangela wokutyhaphaka kwabantwana.
Abantwana abazelwe benemizimba emincinci banikwa izakhi-mzimba uVitamin A, zona ziphakamisa umgangatho wamandla omzimba okulwa nezifo kwaye zincedisa nokukhula komntwana. Iintsana ukususela kwezineenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezineenyanga ezili-11 ziye zityiswe iVitamin A (100 000IU) ukuthintela ukugula kakhulu. Abantwana abanyanga zingaphezulu kwe-12 ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu baye batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU xa benyanga zili-12 ubudala ze batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, de babe neminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Abantwana abangondlekanga kakuhle kakhulu okanye abasoloko bephathwa zizifo ezosulelayo ezifana nesorhudo, imasisi nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baye banikwe imilinganiselo engaphezulwana yeVitamin A.
Ukuhla kwemizimba yabantwana kusenokubangwa kukuhlaselwa ziintshulube kwaye loo nto inganyangwa ekliniki ngamayeza okukhupha iintshulube.
Izifundo ezimalunga nesondlo, ingaciso nokucetyiswa ziinkqubo ekubonelelwa ngazo kuwo onke amanqanaba onyango lwabantu abafe amalungu athile omzimba, abanoxinzelelo-gazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo nesifo sephepha.
Inkqubo yesondlo yezikolo zamabanga aphantsi, ifumaneka ikakhulu kwizikolo ezimgangatho wezoqoqosho uphantsi. Ezo nkqubo kungoku nje kubanjiswana ngazo neSebe lezeMfundo. Urhulumente wephondo unenjongo yokuba abantwana abangama-125 000 kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi ezingama-847 kweli phondo baxhamle kwinkqubo yakhe yesondlo engadlulanga unyaka ka-2004.
Le nkqubo ikwanegalelo kwiinkqubo zokukhathalela abagulayo nabakumaziko ajongana nabagulayo ngokuthi babonelelwe ngeenkqubo zokondla ezibonelela ngesondlo esinempilo.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze isigulane eso sivulelwe uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isiqinisekiso sesixa somvuzo wakho wokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe weza kweso sibhedlele ngaphambili.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
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Xa kuthethwa ngempilo yasemsebenzini kuthethwa ngempilo nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Injongo yeenkonzo ezijongene nempilo yasemsebenzini kukuphakamisa umgangatho wezempilo, ukhuseleko nokwaneliseka kwiindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo nokukhuthaza ubukho babasebenzi abampilo intle, abakhutheleyo nabavelisa kangangoko. Nangona kunjalo, zikho iindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo ezingakhuselekanga nezichaphazela impilo yabasebenzi.
Iingcali zempilo yasemsebenzini (oogqirha/oonesi) kuwo wonke amaziko ezempilo ziqeqeshelwa ukubanako ukuchonga, ukufumanisa nokunyanga abasebenzi kwanokubabuyisela kwimi yabo yesiqhelo, basebenzi abo baphathwa zizifo ezingapheliyo, abonzakele ngenxa yeengozi ezenzeka emsebenzini okaye abathi babenokudibana nezinto ezinobungozi empilweni yabo.
Ingaba impilo yakho ichaphazeleka kakubi nakabuhlungu emsebenzini?
Abahloli abaphuma kwiinkonzo zokuhlola zeSebe leSizwe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi (khangela kwiinkonzo zabasebenzi) basoloko bezityelela imizi-mveliso kunye nezinye iindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo. Baye baqinisekise ukuba iindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo ziyahambelana nemimiselo yezempilo nokhuseleko njengoko ichazwe kuMthetho wezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini, uMthetho wama-85 ka-1993, mthetho lowo uphantsi kweSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi. Abahloli baye bacebise abaphathi nabanini ngeendlela zokuphucula iimeko ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo apho kukho imfuneko, kwaye bangawunyanzelisa umthetho wezemisebenzi ngokuthi bakhuphe izaziso, banqumamise iinkonzo kananjalo batshutshise abaphula umthetho.
Amagosa ezempilo yendawo asebenza ngokoMthetho wezeMpilo, uMthetho wama-63 ka-1077, ahlola iindawo ezithile kuphela, ndawo ezo zifana neerestoranti, izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya namazibuko, ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela kwawo imigaqo emiselweyo.
Ingaba iingxaki zempilo yam zingumvuka womsebenzi endiwenzayo?
Ingaba umsebenzi endiwenzayo usongeza nangakumbi na isigulo okanye ukwenzakala kwam?
Ingaba ndinazimpawu zithile endizivayo okanye endizibonayo kwixesha elithile lokgqiba kwam ukusebenza?
Ingaba oko ndikwenzayo ngoku kuya kuyichaphazela kusini na impilo yam kwiminyaka elishumi ukuya kwelshumi elinesihlanu ezayo?
Ingaba ikhuselekile na indawo endisebenzela kuyo?
Khumbula ukuba unakho ukufaka isicelo sembuyekezo ukuba wonzakele okanye ugule ngenxa yomsebenzi owenzayo. Imbuyekezo ilawulwa liSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi, kungelilo Sebe Lezempilo. Unakho ukufumana imbuyekezo ngazo zonke iindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo.
Ukuba uguliswa kukuchaphazeleka okanye zizenzo zasemsebenzini, okanye kukonzakalela emsebenzini, oko kufuneka ukwazise umqeshi wakho, yena ekufuneka ngokomthetho akuthumele kwiziko lezempilo ukuze uye kuxilongwa unyangwe. Amagosa onyango lokuqala angakuthumela kwiziko lenqanaba lesibini okanye kwiziko lenqanaba lesithathu ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima bento ogula yiyo okanye bomonzakalo onawo.
Ikliniki i-Reed Street eBellville, kwiSixeko saseKapa, isebenzana nabantu abanezifo ezingenxa yeengxaki zasemsebenzini. Ivulwa kanye ngeveki kwaye amalungiselelo okuya kuyo kufuneka uwenze kwangaphambili. Inombolo yayo yomnxeba ithi: 021 946 3790.
Kubalulekile ukuba uchazele unesi ngento ekuchaphazeleyo okanye eyakuchaphazelayo emsebenzini osebenza kuwo okanye owawusebenza kuwo ngaphambili. Oko kungabandakanya: ingxolo, uthuli, iasbhestosi, irhasi, umsi kunye neentshukumo zoomatshini, ndawonye noxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga.
Ukuba uyaqala ukuya kwelo ziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana ngeenkcukacha zakho ze kwandulwe ukuvulwa uxwebhui. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho, incwadi othunyelwa ngayo ukuba iyafuneka, kunye nawo wonke amayeza owasebenzisayo. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele uya kufunwa iphetshana elichaza umvuzo wakho/ingxelo yengeniso IRP5. Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wakha wabhaliswa kwisibhedlele eso.
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UMbuso ubonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango lwamazinyo nolomlomo kubemi beli ngeenjongo zokuphucula impilo yamazinyo, ukunqanda ukubola kwamazinyo futhi kunyangwe naziphi na iingxaki.
Zeziphi iinkonzo zamazinyo ozifumanayo?
Ngubani omakafumane inkonzo yenkxaso yokufakelwa amazinyo?
Inkonzo yamazinyo yempilo echazwa ngomlomo iineenxenye ezintathu kulondozo olukumgangatho osisiseko (iikliniki zokuqala zolondolozo lwempilo): ukuvuselela, ukunqanda nokunyanga. Kwezinye iindawo zephondo (umz. iMossel Bay) ezi nkonzo zifana nezi ziyafumaneka kwizibhedlele zasekuhlaleni.
Iingcali zempilo yomlomo kumgangatho wekliniki zikhuthaza impilo yomlomo ngokufundisa abantu ngendlela yokugcina imilomo yabo, iintsini, namazinyo ekwimpilo entle, zize zibabonise nangendlela yokuthintela ukubola kwamazinyo nezinye iingxaki zomlomo.
Iinkonzo zonyango ezisisieko ezikhoyo zezengxilingo yomlomo, ezogesi(xray) eziskali nezokucoca amazinyo ukuze kusuke ukubola nokunqanda ukubola kwentsini, ukuwavala xa enemimgxunya nokunyanga iintlungu ezingxamisekileyo nokudumba okudibanisa nokukhutshwa kwezinyo. Into yemboleko egquma izinyo elaphukileyo nendawo ehlala amazinyo emboleko ziyafumaneka kodwa ayizizo izinto zokuqala.
Isigulana sinokunyangelwa ukubola kwentsini (periodontitis) ekliniki. Kananjalo sikhona nesifundo senzululwazi yesifo somlomo -ukwenzakala nezilonda kwizihlunu ezithambileyo ezisemlonyeni ezibangelwa kukutshaya okugqithisileyo, ukunxila okanye ukosulelwa sisifo sikaGawulayo.-isigulana sisengozini yokufumana umhlaza, size sisiwe kwisibhedlele esikudidi lwesithathu.
Abantu abanesifo sika Gawulayo kunye nabo banoGawulayo babanesifo somlomo. Esi ke sisilonda esivulekileyo okanye, ukwenzakala emlonyeni iDuflucan , iyeza lokunyanga isifo somlomo lifumaneka fele-fele kwikliniki zokuqala zononophelo lwempilo.
URhulumente wePhondo unika inkonzo yokufakela amazinyo kubantu abadala abasokolayo , nakwabo bafumana imali yenkam-nkam nabo bahlala kumakhaya abantu abadala. Kukho nemali ebhatalelwa ukusetyenziswa kwelebhu.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokulungisa amazinyo nemihlathi bangabonwa kumancedo ononophelo lwempilo yokuqala kodwa ke bangasiwa kwisikoko sokufunda ngezamazinyo kwiYunivesithi yaseKapa neSibhedlele iTygerberg.
Iqela lempilo yasezidolophini lidibanisa ugqirha wamazinyo, nomncedisi wakhe nomntu onika impilo ngomlomo, kwiikliniki zasezidolophini.. Imeko yohlukile ke kwimimandla esezilalini ebikhe yandwendwelwa liqela elinezixhobo zokukhupha amazinyo eli jikelezayo . Ezi zixhobo zingasetyenziswa njengenkonzo kaxakeka / engxamisekileyo, ingakumbi ezikolweni.
Inkqubo yokuvuselela nokuthintela iquka ukundwendwela ngabasebenzi bempilo kwizikolo zabangekaqali nakwiizikolo zabaqalayo . Ingcaciso enikwa ngomlomo kwanaleyo inxulumene nayamazinyo nemfundo inikwa oomama abakhulelweyo njengenkonzo ephambi kokubeleka.
Inkonzo ifumaneka kuzo zonke iikliniki namaziko olondolozo lwempilo yokuqala. Izigulana ezineengxaki ezinobuzaza ziza kusiwa ezibhedleleBaza kucelwa bazalise iifomu baze bavulelwe iifolda abantu abaqalayo ukutyelela iikliniki/ izibhedlele ezikumgangatho wesibini nowesithathu. Kuza kufuneka umntu eze nencwadi yakhe yesazisi. Kuza kufunwa ileta ekuthumela esibhedlele xa usiya kuso. Izibhedlele ziza kufuna isijungqe sokwamkela sakho senyanga yokugqibela okanye uxwebhu lokwamkela (IRP5) xa usiza esibhedlele. Kuza kufuneka uze nekhadi lakho xa ubukhe waya esibhedlele.
Awubhatali mali xa usiza kumgangatho wokuqala wolondolozo lwempilo. Kodwa xa uthe wathunyelwa esibhedlele kufuneka ubhatele. Imali ke iza kuxhomekeka kumvuzo owamkelayo okanye kubantu abaxhomekeke kuwe.
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Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abakhubazeke ngokomzimba, bangancediswa ukuba bahlale bekwimo yomzimba, yovakalelo, yobukrelekrele, yengqondo nezentlalo entle nesemgangathweni.
Ezi nkonzo zonyango zijoliswe kubantu abathwaxwa zizigulo ezidinga uncedo kuqhaqho, emva kwentlungu, iintungu zamathambo kwakunye nezinye izigulo. Ezi zigulo ziquka, umzekelo ukutsha, ukonzakala entloko, ukuxhozula, iintlungu, ukonzakala esandleni, ukusikwa ilungu lomzimba, ezokuphefumla, ezesifuba nezinye nje izigulo.
Le nkonzo ibaluleke kakhulu koko ayinabanga kangako ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto eziluncedo. Uninzi lweenkonzo zoluntu zifumaneka ezibhedlele nakwizikolo zabaneengxaki ezizodwa, zimbalwa kakhulu iinkonzo ezifumaneka ekuhlaleni. Uninzi lwezi nkonzo lufumaneka kwiindawo zasezidolophini kwaye ngabasebenzi beenkqubo zokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo abangaphantsi kwe-19% abasebenza kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ngaphandle kwemida yeNqila yeKapa.
Iinkonzo zonyangoZenqanaba Lokuqala zifumaneka kuphela kumaziko athile asekuhlaleni nezibhedlele zezithili.
Kodwa zonke iikliniki ziyawuqhuba umsebenzi wokuhlola iintsana nabasaqingqayo. Xa kuthe kwakrokrelwa ukuba umntwana unokhubazeko lwengqondo okanye lomzimba umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki eyodwa kwinqanaba lesibini nenqanaba lesithathu. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. ingcali yezomzimba, okanye ingcali yezomsebenzi kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango ukuba lukhona. Ukongeza kwinkqubo yokuhlola okulandelwa kukuthunyelwa kwelinye iziko, ukubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo kulo mgangatho ikakhulu kugxininisa ekulawulweni kwezifo ezinzima, ukuhambela amakhaya, ukuqeqeshwa kweentsapho nabancedisi bezigulane, ukuvavanyela ukufunyaniswa izibonelelo zokukhubazeka nokubonisana nee-NGOs, amaqela enkxaso, izikolo neekritshi.
Iinkonzo zenqanaba lesibini zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo zenzelwe abantu abakhubazeke nje okwethutyana/abakhubazeke phantse isigxina kwaye kubonelelwa ngazo kwizibhedlele zeenqila nezithili. ICandelo leeNgxaki zoMqolo (unyango lweengxaki ezinzima) kweli leNtshona Koloni lisusiwe kwisiBhedlele i-Conradie e-Pinelands kwiSixeko saseKapa laya kuvulwa kwisiBhedlele i-Groote Schuur.
Amacandelo ajongana nokunyanga abaguliswa ziingxaki zomsebenzi (occupational therapy), macandelo lawo ase-Tygerberg, e-Groote Schuur, e-Stikland nakwisibhedlele sase-Lentegeur abonelela ngenkonzo yokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo enxulumene nezomsebenzi. Oku ikakhulu kubandakanya ukuvavanyelwa ukuqhuba umsebenzi, vavanyo olo luzama ukufumanisa ukulungela kwabo bavavanywayo ukubuyela emsebenzini emva kokonzakala okanye kokugula. Ukuba bakulungele oko baye babe yinxalenye yabathabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yesibhedlele yokubalungiselela ukulungela izakhono eziphambili zokuqhuba umsebenzi. Ukuba abakakulungeli oko, abasebenzi bangacebisa ukuba basetyenziswe kwindawo yengqesho ekhuselweyo, ndawo leyo iphantsi kweSebe lePhondo leeNkonzo zeNtlalo yoLuntu neSebe leSizwe lezeMicimbi yaBasebenzi.
Azingako noko iinkonzo ezikhoyo zokunceda izigulane ezifuna ukunyangelwa iingxaki zonyango, ezangemva koqhaqho, ezangemva kokonzakala kakhulu, ezimalunga nezivamvo, ezamathambo, ezezihlunu namathambo nezinye izigulo. Ezo zigulo zibandakanya, umzekelo, ukutsha, ukonzakala entloko, ukufa kwamalungu athile omzimba, ukunqanyulwa kwamalungu athile omzimba, iingxaki zokuphefumla, ezentliziyo nezinye iingxaki.
Le nkonzo ibandakanya inkonzo yokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo eqhutyelwa ekhaya kwabo bantu bakhulu abakhubazeke ngokomzimba. Ikho ikliniki yabagulela ngaphandle yokuqhuba zonke iinkqubo zokuvavanywa kwezigulane zivavanyelwa iimfuno zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo, ukuphinda ekliniki nokuvavanyelwa ukulungela izibonelelo zabakhubazekileyo. Igqiza eliphuma kumaziko ase-Karl Bremer libonelela ngovavanyo lokuhlangabezana neengxaki zabagulayo, vavanyo olo luqhutyelwa kwiikliniki ezisekuhlaleni kwaye lincedisa abaneengxaki ekufumaneneni izixhobo zokubancedisa kwiingxaki zabo, zixhobo ezo zifana nezitulo ezinamavili okuhamba. Eli gqiza likwanceda abasebenzi beenkqubo zokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo abakweminye imimandla ngokubafumanisa amava oqeqesho oluqhutyelwa emsebenzini.
Indlela yokufumana le nkonzo: Abantu abakhubazeke ngokomzimba nabakhubazeke ngokwengqondo kufuneka baqale bazame ukufumanisa ukuba ikho kusini na inkonzo yonyango ekhoyo kwinqanaba lokuqala leenkonzo zonyango. Baya kuthunyelwa kwamanye amanqanaba angaphezulu ukuba kukho imfuneko yoko.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom baze bavulelwe ifayili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isilipu sakho somvuzo wokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wakha wabhaliswa kwisibhedlele eso.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa wezeMpilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abantu abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ngo-2003, le nkonzo ifanele ukufumaneka simahla. Le nto ibandakanya izigulane zangaphandle nezilaliswe esibhedlele, kwaye ibandakanya iindlela zokunceda abakhubazekileyo ngezinto ezifana nezitulo ezinamavili nezixhobo zokuva. Loo nkonzo yasimahla kufanele ibandakanye abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, kukhubazeka oko okubensiphumo sokuba kube nzima kubo ukuphila ubomi besiqhelo, abantu abakhulileyo abathatyathwa njengebagula kakhulu kunye nezigulane ezigcinwe ixesha elide kwizibhedlele zabagula ngengqondo. Iindlela yokuvavanya le nkqubo neyona ndlela ezakusetyenziswa ngayo zisaphandwa.
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Uninzi lweengxaki zokukhubazeka, kubandakanywa iingxaki zokuthetha nokuva zibonakala xa iintsana nabaqingqayo behlolwa njalo ngexesha lokukhula kwabo kwiikliniki zonyango. Ukuba ikho imfuneko umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki esebenza ngeengxaki ezizodwa. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. igcali yezifo zasemsebenzini, kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango (ukuba lukhona). Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abathi apha ekuhambeni kwexesha babe neengxaki zokuthetha nokuva kuya kufuneka ukuba baye kwikliniki yonyango, apho baya kuvavanywa khona.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom size isigulane eso sivulelwe ifayili. Ukuba ufuna isincedisi esifana nesincedisi sokuva, kuya kufuneka ukuba ufune unesi weengxaki zomzimba okanye ingcali yeengxaki zomzimba kwikliniki ekufutshane okanye kwiziko lezempilo lasekuhlaleni/kwisibhedlele sesithili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho kwaye yena umntwana makaphathelwe ikhadi lakhe elibizwa ngokuba Yindlela Eya Empilweni.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa Wezempilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ku-2003, le nkonzo iya kufumaneka simahla. Le nkonzo ke ijongana nezigulana ezingalaliswayo kwakunye nokwamkelwa ezibhedlele kwezigulana, iquka izixhobo ezincedisda ekukhubazekeni ezifana nezo zokuncedisana nabantu abangevayo. Le nkonzo isimahla ke iquka abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, nto leyo ikhokelele ekubeni kube nzima ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kwaba bantu.
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Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo. Ekliniki, ixhoba eli liya kuthi lihlatywe imibuzo ze linikwe neengcebiso ngumsebenzi wezempilo kwigumbi/kwingingqi efihlakeleyo. Umsebenzi wezempilo lo uya kuthi abuze ukuba isenzo eso sokudlwengula sesixeliwe na emapoliseni. Isenzo esi siya kuxelwa empaoliseni kuphela xa ixhoba lifuna ukunikezela ingxelo ngaso, ze ipolisa libizelwe kwelo ziko lezempilo ukuza kumamela ze lithabathe ingxelo leyo. Imiyalelo Yesizwe Yamapolisa Ngezenzo Zokuxhatshazwa Ngokwesondo linyanzelisa ukuba ixhoba lenziwe uvavanyo/unonophelo lwezempilo ngoko nangoko.
Imizekelo yezinto ezithile ethi ifuneke enkundleni iye ithatyathwe kuphela ngokwemvume yexhoba, ze igcinwe njengobungqina bukagqirha ukulungiselela ixesha obunokuthi bufuneke ngalo enkundleni yamatyala.
Amaxhoba okudlwengulwa nokuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo aya kuthi afumane unyango lwezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo.
Amanina angazifumana izithinteli-kukhulelwa zexesha likaxakeka ukuba afika ekliniki kwisithuba seeyure azingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini emva kokudlwengulwa.
Onke amaxhoba aya kuthi afumane iingcebiso kumsebenzi weziko lezempilo malunga nobungozi bokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo obunokuthi bubekhona emva kokudlwengulwa. Ukuba amaxhoba afika kwisithuba seeyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini emva kokudlwengulwa, aya kuthi anikwe i-AZT, nelichiza elilwa noGawulayo (iZidovudine ngesiNgesi). Amaxhoba afika emva kweeyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini emva kokudlwengulwa kufuneka efumene iingcebiso malunga nobungozi obunokuthi bubekhona bokufumana intsholongwane kaGawulayo, ze enzelwe idinga lovavanyo lwasemva kweeveki ezintandathu neengcebiso athi azifumane kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu emva kokudlwengulwa.
Amaxhoba okudlwengulwa aya kuthi akhethe phakathi kokuya kufumana iingcebiso kunontlalo-ntle okanye umcebisi oqeqeshiweyo okanye ingcali yokunyanga yabucala (umzekelo: ugqirha wengqondo), okanye uMbutho ojongene namaxhoba okudlwengulwa okanye uMbutho ongomnye ongenguwo okaRhulumente.
Yiya kwiziko lonyango elikufutshane nawe, uchaze ukuba udlwengulwe okanye ubethiwe, okanye uzenziwe zombini ezo zinto.
Kumaziko angamahlanu anesibini aneenkonzo zokuzinikela ngokukodwa ekuncedeni abasetyhini namadoda axhatshazwe ngokwesondo okanye adlwengulwa, okanye enziwa zombini ezi zinto. Ezi kliniki zizodwa nezisebenza ikakhulu iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku, zidwelisiwe kuluhlu lwezikhokhelo zenkqubo nolawulo lweSebe lezeMpilo lePhondo, ezilungiselelwe amaxhoba odlwengulo nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo.
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Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezingaluncedo.
Ingcaciso ngeqela leendlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa inikwa abantu ukuze babe nokwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiingxaki abakhe banazo nokuxilongwa kwemizimba yabo. Ukuba kuthe kwabhaqwa isifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga, eso sifo siya kunyangwa ngamayeza afumaneka kwikliniki okanye umntu lowo angathunyelwa kwikliniki eyodwa ejongene naloo mcimbi, ngokuthi anikwe incwadi yembalelwano ukuba ayinikezele kweso sibhedlele athunyelwa kuso.
Yakuba ityunjiwe loo ndlela ithile yokuthintela ukukhulelwa, lowo ubandakanyekayo uya kusoloko ekhangelwa ukuba akabi nazingxaki ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamachiza awanikiweyo, ngokuthi yena aquqe kwikliniki yakhe.
Nayiphi na intombazana okanye umfazi angazigqibela ngokwakhe ngendlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa afuna ukuyisebenzisa. Akukho mfuneko yakufumana mvume yeqabane lakhe okanye yabazali bakhe. Uninzi lweekliniki lunenkonzo ejongene nolutsha ukuze abantu abatsha babe nokufumana ingcaciso ngocwangciso-ntsapho, oko kusenziwa kwindawo emeko imenza umntu azive ekhululekile.
Isixhobo Esifakwa Ngaphakathi Esibelekweni (iIUD) I-IUD sisixhobo esincinane esifakwa esizalweni sowasetyhini, nesifakwa ngumsebenzi wezempilo oqeqeshelwe loo msebenzi. Isixhobo i-IUD singakuthintela ukumitha kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ubuncinane. Olu hlobo lwendlela yokuthintela umitho ayikuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba owasetyhini okanye iqabane lakhe linamaqabane amaninzi elilalana nawo, i-IUD le mayingabiyo ndlela iphambili ikhethwayo ngaphandle kokuba kusetyenziswa neentsilathi, ukuzikhusela ekosulelekeni zezi zifo zingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo zifana nentsholongwane kaGwulayo/noGawulayo.
Abasetyhini kuye kufuneke ukuba baye ekliniki emva kweeveki ezintandathu i-IUD ifakiwe, ukuze ihlolwe. Iyacetyiswa neyokuba uhlolo luqhutywe qho ngonyaka. I-IUD ifumaneka kwiikliniki ezithile kuphela, kodwa ingathengwa nakwiikhemisti.
Ukuthintela Ukukhulelwa Ngokukhawulezileyo. Le ndlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini abafuna ukuthintela ukukhulelwa emva kokwabelana ngesondo bengazikhuselanga, emva kokudlwengulwa okanye ke mhlawumbi naxa benesikrokro sokuba indlela yokukhusela ukukhulelwa abayisebenzisileyo ayisebenzanga emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngesondo bengazikhuselanga . Iipilisi zothintelo kukhulelwa olungxamisekileyo zingasetyenziswa kwiiyure ezingama-72 (iintsuku ezintathu) emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kokuzikhusela ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo, kodwa zisebenza kakuhle nangakumbi xa zisetyenziswe kwangoko. Ezo pilisi zifumaneka simahla kwiikliniki nasezibhedlele kwaye zingathengwa nakwiikhemisti ngaphandle kwencwadi engumyalelo kagqirha.
I-IUD ingasetyenziswa kwiintsuku nje ezintlanu emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo. Ukuba seligqithile ixesha lokusebenzisa ezi ndlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, kwaye kukho isikrokro sokuba ukhulelwe, inkqubo yokukhupha isisu ingasetyenziswa njengento yokugqibela enokwenziwa . Inkqubo i-TOP isemthethweni eMzantsi Afrika.
Uvalo-nzala: Le yindlela esigxina yokuthintela umitho kwaye ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini namadoda ngokunjalo. Nawuphi na umntu ominyaka ili-18 nangaphezulu nonelungelo lokwenza isigqibo unako ukuvalwa inzala ngokwesicelo sakhe. Kufuneka umntu lowo aqale acetyiswe ngaphambi kokuvalwa kwenzala. Le nto yenziwa ngotyando olungathabathi xesha lide nolulula kwaye loo nto ayiyichaphazeli imo yobomi bomntu lowo koko yenza ukuba uphelelwe lixhala lokukhulelwa okanye lokwenza umntu akhulelwe. Kungabhaliselwa ukuvala inzala kwikliniki esekuhlaleni. Lowo ufuna ukuvala inzala uya kunikwa amacebiso kwaye kuya kufuneka agcwalise ifom yokufaka isicelo. Utyando lwenziwa simahla kumaziko athile oluntu nakwizibhedlele kuwo wonke amanqanaba azo (elokuqala, elesibini nelesithathu). Ugqirha oqhuba utyando olo uya kukucela ukuba utyikitye iphetshana apho umnika imvume yokukutyanda.
Inkqubo yokutyandwa kwamadoda kuthiwa yi-vasectomy, nkqubo leyo idla ngokwenziwa ngeli xesha indoda ihleli, ngokuthi kusetyenziswe isibulali-ntlungu kufutshane nendawo leyo iza kutyandwa okanye kumzimba wonke. Kuye kwenziwe umngxunyana okanye imingxunyana emibini apha kufutshane nezingxotyana zangaphantsi. Umbobho othwala incindi yobudoda (ivas deferens) wesingxotyana ngasinye uya qhawulwa ze ubotshwe. Olu tyando alukhawulezi ukusebenza kwaye kuye kufuneke ukuba kusetyenziswe enye indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokutyandwa, okanye kumatyeli ali-15 ukuya kwangama-20 indoda ethi yabelane ngesondo ngawo. Kuye kufuneke ukuba kuqhutywe uvavanyo lwembewu yenzala ukuqinisekisa ukuba imbewu yenzala ayikho kwimibhobho.
Uvalo-nzala alukuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo.
Inzala yabantu abagula ngengqondo ingavalwa ngokwemimiselo yoMthetho wovalo-nzala, wonyaka ka-1998. Umzali, umgcini, umlondolozi okanye iqabane lingafaka isicelo sokuvalwa kwenzala yomntu ongakwaziyo ukuzenzela izigqibo ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Isicelo eso kufuneka senziwe size sithunyelwe kwisibhedlele esiza kuqhuba loo mcimbi. Kuya kwenziwa idinga lokudibana negqiza leengcali ezintathu zonyango lwabagula ngengqondo, ngenjongo yokuba zivavanye lowo uza kuvalwa inzala nofanele ukuphelekwa ngulowo wenza isicelo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile, igqiza lilo eliza kugqiba ekubeni kuqhutyekekwe kusini na ngovalo-nzala olo.
Le nkonzo ungayifumana kuninzi lweekliniki. Ukuba indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa oyifunayo ayikho, cela ukuba uthunyelwe kwiziko lezempilo elinakho ukwenza oko. Ukuba uya qala ukuya kwelo ziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo wandulwe ukuvulelwa uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi ekuthumela kwelo ziko (ukuba kukho imfuneko), nawo nawaphi na amayeza owasebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki/lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhaliswa kwelo ziko.
Akukho ntlawulo ifunekayo kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala naxa uthunyelwa kumaziko amanye amanqanaba angaphezulu. Abantu abatyandwayo bazifumana simahla iiNkonzo zeAmbulensi.
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Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonk'omama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo lolunye uhlobo lomhlaza olunakho ukuthinteleka kakhulu. Bonke omama kufuneka bafumane ukuhlolwa kwesibeleko (a pap smear) kanye kwiminyaka elishumi ukususela kubudala beminyaka engama- 30. Oku kuthetha ukuthi mayela neminyaka engama- 30, 40 kunye nama- 50 obudala.
Inkqubo yokuvavanya ijolise ekufumaneni nasekunyangeni iimpawu ezisaqalayo zomhlaza kumlomo wesizalo, eqhelwe ukubizwa njengo omlomo wesizalo. Uvavanyo luqukanisa ukuhlolwa kwesibeleko (or cervical smear), neyeyona ndlela ilula nekhawulezayo yokuvavanya ilungu langaphantsi loomama ukukhangela ukuba umlomo wesizalo uphilile na. Ezinye iiseli zomzimba ziyakhukuliseka ngokuthambileyo zimke kumlomo wesizalo yaye zithathwe zisiwe kumagumbi ovavanyo ziyokuxilongwa.
Ukuqapheliseka kokuqala kweeseli ezingaqhelekanga kuthetha ukuthi uphando oluthe xhaxhe lunakho ukwenziwa yaye nonyango lunakho ukunikezelwa ukuba kuyafuneka, ukuze kunqandwe ukuhambela phambili komhlaza.
Ngamanye amaxesha, iziphumo azicaci yaye kufuneke ukuba kuphindwe kuqatywe isidudu. Abafazi abasele belwenzile uvavanyo kufuneka baphindele eklinikhi baye kukhangela iziphumo zabo zovavanyo.
Khumbula, umxhamli unalo ilungelo lokucela inkcazelo yenkqubo kwangaphambi kwexesha.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo unakho ukuthintelwa ngokucezela ekubeni ube namaqabane amaninzi, ukusebenzisa iidyasi ukuthintela ukunwenwa kwentsholongwane yoluntu ekuthiwa yi human papillomavirus (eyayanyaniswa nomhlaza womlomo wesizalo) ukumisa ukwabelana ngesondo ude ube mdala, kwakunye nokungatshayi mdiza.
Hamba uye kwiklinikhi yakho yezonyango yasekuhlaleni. U kuba iziphumo zokuhlolwa kwesibeleko aziqhelekanga, kuya kufuneka ubhukishwe yaye incwadi yokudluliselwa phambili ifumaneke ukuze kubekho olunye uvavanyo kwakunye nonyango kwelinye iziko lonyango okanye isibhedlele somgangatho wesibini nowesithathu. Umxhamli kuya kufuneka abuyiselwe kwakhona kwiklinikhi ukuze ahambele khona kwizihlandlo ezilandelayo. Ukuba ungumhambeli weli ziko lempilo okokuqala, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu oluneenkcukacha zakho luya kuvulwa. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi, incwadi yokudluliswa (ukuba kuyanyanzeleka), naluphi na uhlobo lwamayeza owasebenzisayo kwakunye nekhadi leklinikhi/isibhedlele, ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe khona.
Umntu obhinqileyo unakho ukufumana uvavanyo lwesibeleko olusimahla kude kube zizihlandlo ezithathu ebomini bakhe, kube kanye kwiminyaka elishumi eqale kwiminyaka engama-30 ubudala bakhe.
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Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza. Ukuba kuthe kwafumaniseka iqhuma, uya kuthunyelwa kuphando oluthe xhaxhe, oluya kuhlanganisa imammogram, ukususwa nokuxilongwa kweqhuma elo ukufumanisa ukuba alinabungozi na (alinamhlaza) okanye linobungozi (linomhlaza) na, ze ke umntu lowo aqeqeshelwe ukumelana noku afumane nonyango.
Uqeqesho lokuzivavanya amabele ngokwakho luyanikezelwa kwiiklinikhi. Kufuneka umntu lowo adluliselwe kwiiklinikhi zezigulana ezingalaliswayo ezingahlali kuloo mmandla kwakunye nezibhedlele ezikudidi lwesithathu oluphezulu apho iinkonzo zonyango lomhlaza webele ezibanzi, zingafumaneka khona. Ukuba uyityelela okokuqala le iklinikhi kuyakudingeka ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhalisa kwakunye noxwebhu lwabatyeleli besi sbhedlele luya kuvulwa. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, ikhadi lakho leseklinikhi/lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe kwenye yezindawo kwakunye nencwadi yembalelwano esuka kweso sikuthumele kule klinikhi yonyango lomhlaza webele.
Iinkonzo zonyango kumaziko onyango lodidi lokuqala zifumaneka simahla kubantu phantsi kwe-medical aid. Ukuba uthi uthunyelwe kwisibhedlele, kusenokufuneka uhlawule. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka emvuzweni wakho nasekubeni bangaphi na abantu abaxhomekeke kuloo mvuzo. Izibhedlele ke ziya kucela ukuba uze nesona siqinisekiso somvuzo wakho sitsha/uvavanyo lomvuzo wakho (iphetshana iIRP5).
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Inkonzo izama ukunceda omama notata abangafumani bantwana ukuba bakhawule babe nzima. Ingcebiso nolwazi luyanikezelwa mayela neendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo. Imbali yala maqabane iyathatyathwa zize neemvavanyo zenziwe. Kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, unyango lochumiso luyanikezelwa okanye kucetyiswe ngokuchasene nalo.
Akukho nkonzo zakuchumisa kumgangatho weendawo zonyango lwempilo zokuqala kodwa kumgangatho wesithathu wezibhedlele ezinjengeTygerberg kunye neGroote Schuur zinikezela ngophando olwandisiweyo kwakunye nonyango. Ukudluliselwa phambili kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu kuyimfuneko apho unyango olwahluka-hlukeneyo lochumiso lunikezelwa khona. Ukuba ungumtyeleli wesihlandlo sokuqala kuya kufuneka uzalise ifomu yaye noxwebhu luya kuvulwa. Thabatha incwadi yakho yesazisi kunye nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisile esibhedlele.
Kukho indleko ekhoyo. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka kumvuzo waba babini kwakunye nenani labantu abaxhomekeke kubo, ngokomlinganiselo wamaxabiso esibhedlele.
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Impilo yokuzala iluxanduva ekwabelwana ngalo sisibibi esithandanayo. Ngoko ke, amadoda anendima ebalulekileyo ekufuneka eyidlalile yaye kufuneka enze okulindelekileyo ngoxanduva lwawo lokuthintela ukukhulelwa nokusebenzisa iintsilathi ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwa okungacwangciswanga kwanokusasazeka Kwezifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo, kuquka nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Amadoda namanina kufuneka ahlale phantsi namaqabane awo malunga neengcinga zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ze izibini ezo zincokole nangendlela eyamkeleke kubo bobabini yokwenza oko, nokuba ngubani na ekufuneka engoyena uyisebenzisayo le ndlela. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokwenza amadoda angaphindi afumane bantwana yinkqubo elula kakhulu ukuba angayenza amadoda.
Ngenxa yezi ngxelo zigcwele izwe lonke zamadodana athi asutywe kukufa ngenxa yokwaluswa ngendlela engakhuselekanga, la madodana kungoku nje angakhe ukugonywa simahla kwiiklinikhi zenqanaba lokuqala lonyango ukuqinisekisa ukuba basempilweni phambi kokuba baye kwiiindawo zesiko lokwaluka. Kanti la maziko ononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala akwanayo nenkqubo ekhuselekileyo nesempilweni yokwalusa. Le nkqubo ingenziwa kwiintsana ezingamakhwenkwana emva nje kokuzalwa kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo ohlukeneyo.
Kufuneka uye kwiklinikhi ekufutshane nawe yononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala. Abantu abawatyelela okokuqala la maziko/ezi zibhedlele zononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala kuya kufuneka bagcwalise iphetshana yokuba ngamalungu yaye baya kuvulelwa uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi nekhadi lakho laseklinikhi/lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhalisa kuloo kwelo ziko.
Inkonzo zeendawo zokuqala zogonyo lwempilo zisisimahla kubantu bonke abangekho ngaphantsi koncedo lukagqirha. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele, kungakho iindleko ezikhoyo.
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Okubalulekileyo: Akukwazi kumbona umntu ukuba unesifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngokumjonga nje; abantu abanezi zifo, kuquka nabo banentsholongwane kaGawulayo, amaxesha amaninzi abajongeki njengabantu abagulayo. Kungamthatha ukusukela kwiminyaka ukuya kwelishumi umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuba abonakalise iimpawu zoku.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezinye zezi zifo zosulelayo ezinje ngegcushuwa kunye namaqhakuva apha kusisi kwandisa amathuba omntu okuba afumane ugawulayo okanye okumsasazela kwabanye. Esi sisizathu esilungileyo sokuba abantu abanezi zifo bakhawuleze bafumane unyango ukuba kunokwenzeka, bavavanyelwe ugawulayo baze bacetyiswe. Oku kungenziwa kwiiklinikhi zogonyo zokuqala kwakunye nakumaziko.
iCandelo Lolawulo elijongene nezinto ezidibene nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo sele liqalise inkqubo esakhasayo yezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kunye noogqirha abambalwa apha kweli Phondo. Inkqubo yenza ingcebiso, ukuqonda isifo ngokuxilonga kwakunye nonyango lwezi zifo ziza ngokusuleleka ngokwabelana ngesondo ezikhoyo ngendlela engenye kwiindawo zonyango lwempilo zokuqala. Ugqirha uya kuxilonga aze anyange isifo sesifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ukuba kuyimfuneko. Umxhamli kuya kufuneka ahlawule intlawulo yokubonana nogqirha kodwa amayeza wona aya kunikezelwa simahla. Buzisa kwindawo yonyango lwempilo yokuqala esekuhlaleni kwakho. Apho unokuqhagamshelana khona nomnye woogqirha.
Zonke iiklinikhi zempilo zonyango zokuqala okanye amaziko zinakho ukuxilonga zinyange amaxhoba ezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, abantu basengafuna ukudluliselwa kwizibhedlele zomgangatho wesibini nowesithathu ukuze bafumane uvavanyo oluthe xhaxhe kwakunye nogonyo. Abantu abatyelela okokuqala eklinikhi, izibhedlele zomgangatho wesibini nowesithathu zingacela ukuba bazalise ifomu kwaye noxwebhu luya kuvulelwa umguli lowo. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi. Incwadi yokudluliselwa isengabizwa xa utyelela isibhedlele. Izibhedlele zingacela amaphepha akho omrholo wakutsha nje/uphononongo lomvuzo (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe esibhedlele.
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Inkqubo yokuthintela ukunwenwa kwesifo sephepha ijolise ekuchongeni abantu abangama- 80% abanesi sifo, ngeenzame zokusinyanga ngoko nangoko. Le Nkqubo ke ikwazama ukufumana eli chibi lingaka labantu abonokosulela abanye ngesi sifo.
Yintoni Isifo Sephepha?
Isifo sephepha esi sisifo esosulela ngokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane, yaye siyingxaki enzima apha eMzantsi Afrika, ingakumbi apha eNtshona Koloni. Isifo sephepha siyosulela kakhulu kodwa ke siyanyangeka. Isinye kwishumi ngalinye labantu lithi lihlaselwe sesi sifo. Ukuba sithi singanyangwa, isigulana eso singosulela abanye abantu abangamashumi amabini nangaphezulu.
Isifo sephepha esi sinwenwa xa abantu abosulelekileyo bekhohlela ngemiphunga yabo amaqamza amancinci anesi sifo bawakhuphele emoyeni, abanye abantu bawasezele angene kubo ngaphakathi. Abantu abanesifo sephepha sezinye iindawo zomzimba abanakho ukusulela abanye. Ukhohlokhohlo olutsho ngamandla iiveki de zibe mbini nangaphezulu ngumqondiso ophambili womntu ohlaselwe sisifo sephepha, ngoko ke ukusuka kwangethuba komntu lowo ahambe aye eklinikhi aye kuxilongwa, kungenza kube lula kakhulu ukusinyanga esi sifo. Iimpawu ezibalaseleyo kakhulu zesi sifo kukukhohlela igazi, ukubila ebusuku, ukwehla kobunzima, kwakunye nokubamba-bamba umphefumlo.
Umntu uthi afumane ukugonyelwa esi sifo okokuqala apho ke athi acelwe ukuba anikezele intwana yesikhohlela kunye nesinye ngosuku olulandelayo. Ezi zikhohlela zimbini ke zithunyelwa kwigumbi lophando lwezonyango ze iziphumo zifumaneke kwiiyure nje ezingama-48 emva gonyo. Sinye kuphela isikhohlela ekufuneka sibonise ukuba umntu lowo unesi sifo.
Ukuba iziphumo zithi umntu lowo unesi sifo, kuya kuthi kunikezelwe iingcebiso, athuthuzelwe ze aboniswe nokuthi angaphila njani kakuhle naso na umntu lowo, aboniswe nangamathuba amahle okufakwa phantsi kwenkqubo yokuthintela ukunwenwa kwesifo sephepha. Ukuba zombini ezi zikhohlela zibonisa ukuba umntu lowo unesi sifo, kuya kuthi kuqaliswe ngonyango ngoko nangoko. Kusengenziwa ne-X-ray, kodwa ke iimvavanyo zesikhohlela zizo eziqondakalisa nezivumelana noxilongo. Ukuba inqanaba lesi sifo kumntu lowo lixhomis' amehlo, umntu lowo ke uya kuthi adluliselwe kwingcungela yeklinikhi esebenza ngesifo sephepha.
Isifo sephepha esi sinokunyangwa xa ugonyo olo lupheleleyo, nto leyo inokuthabatha ithuba eliziinyanga ezisukela kwisithandathu liye kuma kwisibhozo. Abantu abayiqukumbeliyo inkqubo yabo yonyango bazifumana sele bekwimo embi yokungamelani namachiza, nto leyo ke yenza ukuba kube nzima ukunyanga esi sifo. Abanye baba bantu banyangwa kwiiklinikhi zeengcungela zesifo sephepha ezinjengesibhedlele Sesifuba iBrooklyn. Isifo sephepha esi inakho ukusibulala isigulana sayo xa inganyangwa.
Inqanaba eliluqilima lixa kunikezelwa amachiza amane azipilisi iintsuku de zibe ntlanu ngeveki, iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.
Inqanaba lesibini lelo lokuqhubekeka, apho kuthi kunikezelwe amachiza amabini iintsuku de zibe ntlanu, iinyanga zibe ne okanye zibe ntlanu.
Izigulana eziqalayo ukuya esibhedlele ezinesisifo kufuneka zigonywe kangangeenyanga ezintandathu, ngeli lixa zona izigulana ezazikhe zanaso esi sifo ngaphambili kufuneka zisebenzise nje amayeza aso kangangeenyanga ezisibhozo. Ukuba loo mayeza anefuthe elibi kwizigulana, izigulana ezo kufuneka zibuyele eklinikhi. Kuya kuthi kwakhona kwenziwe uvavanyo lwezikhohlela emva kweenyanga ezimbini umntu esbenzisa amachiza onyango ukukhangela inkqubela yolu nyango, ze nasemva kweenyanga ezintlanu okanye ezisixhenxe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso sinyangekile na.
Abantwana abanesifo sephepha banikwa uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwamayeza yaye banyangwa kangangeenyanga ezine kuphela. Ukuzama ukuthintela isifo sephepha, iintsana kufuneka zigonywe ngotofo lweBCG, efumaneka simahla kuzo zonke iiklinikhi zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala. Isifo sephepha sokudumba kwenwebu yobuchopho kukugula okuqatha kakhulu ebantwaneni yaye kungabulala. Ukuba kuyakrokreleka (iimpawu zihlanganisa ukuqina kwentamo) umntwana kufuneka abalekiselwe eklinikhi ngokukhawuleza.
iSebe Lezempilo sele liyamkele indlela yoMbutho Wehlabathi Yezempilo ekuthiwa yiDOTS (izifundo ezifutshane zokuqatshelisiswa ngqo konyango) indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba izigulana zincamathela nyani na kunyango. iDOTS le ke yaphunyezwa kuninzi lweeklinikhi eziseNtshona Koloni. Isolotya elibalulekileyo lobu buchule yinkxaso kwakunye nenkuthazo enikezelwa kwezo zigulana ngalo lonke elo xesha leenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo zonyango, apho abaguli baqondisiswa ngqo ukuba bayawathatha na amayeza abo eklinikhi.
Ngokwakumgangatho wasekuhlaleni, iDOTS le isetyenziswa ngamaqela angekho phantsi kolawulo lukaRhulumente besebenzisa abo basebenzi bazinikezela simahla "njengabaxhasi bonyango". La maqela angekho phantsi kolawulo lukaRhulumente asebenza ngesifo sephepha atsala amalungu amatsha, aqeqeshe ze ongamele uluntu lwasekuhlaleni olusebenza ngokuzinikela ngaphandle kwentlawulo asebenze njengabaxhasi bogonyo lwezigulana zesifo sephepha. Aba baxhasi bathumela izigulana zesifo sephepha eklinikhi xa kuyimfuneko. iCape Peninsula University of Technology inikezela ngoqeqesho kubantu abafuna ukuba ngabaxhasi bonyango lwesifo sephepha. Xa ufuna ulwazi oluthe vetshe ngale nkqubo, tsalela kule nombolo: 021 460 3197.
iSebe Lezempilo likwinkqubo yokuqulunqa isicwangciso-qhinga sokulwa isifo sephepha ndawonye nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Okwakaloku nje kusekho inkonzo yokuya kuzivavanya komntu nokufumana iingcebiso zokumelana neziphumo zolu vavanyo kubantu abaphila nesifo sephepha ngeenjongo zokunciphisa iimeko zokugula nezokusutywa kukufa ngokukhawuleza kwabantu abahlaselwe sesi sifo. IiCotrimoxazole prophylaxis (ezingamachiza okunyanga isifo sokukrala kwemiphunga) ziyanikezelwa kubantu abahlaselwe sisifo sephepha nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaxesha-nye.
Kufuneka uye kwiklinikhi yonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala ekwindawo ohlala kuyo.
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iNkundla Ejongene Nezindlu Eziqeshisayo inikezela ngeenkonzo ezisimahla kubaqeshi bezindlu kunye nabaqeshisi kwiPhondo lonke leNtshona Koloni. Ukuxoxwa kwamatyala kunye nolamlo lubanjwa ngethutyana nje elifutshane emva kokwenziwa kwesikhalazo.
Isekwe ngo-2001, le Nkundla inamalungu amahlanu (kubandakanywa uSihlalo kunye noSekela-sihlalo), atyunjwe nguMphathiswa wePhondo, malungu lawo anolwazi nobuchule kulawulo lwezindlu nemihlaba, kuphuhliso lwezindlu kunye nemiba yorhwebo enxulumene nokurentwa kwezindlu. INkundla yamatyala incediswa liCandelo Lolawulo Elinikezela Inkxaso Nezisombululo Kwiimbambano Kwimiba echaphazela Izindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Ukuzolisa nokulungelelanisa ubudlelwane phakathi komqeshisi wendlu kunye nabaqeshi bezindlu kwicandelo lokurentwa kwezindlu.
Ukusombulula iimbambano ezithi zivele nenxa yempatho-mbi.
Ukwazisa abaqeshisi bezindlu nabaqeshi ngamalungelo abo kunye noxanduva abanalo ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho Ojongene Nomba Wokuqeshiswa Kwezindlu.
Ukwenza nokunikezela ingcebiso kumaqela achaphazelekayo.
Kukuyila iindlela zokuqwalasela iimbambano kwicandelo lokurhentwa kwezindlu.
Kukukhokela, ukuhlola, ukulamla nokuqhuba ukuxoxwa kwamatyala ukusombulula iimbambano.
Ukwazisa abaqeshisi bezindlu kunye nabaqeshi ngamalungelo abo kunye noxanduva lwabo xa kuthe kwakho impatho mbi nezenzo ezingekho mthethweni.
Izikhalazo mazifakwe kwiphetshana lokufaka izikhalazo elinakho ukufumaneka kwiNkundla yamatyala. Ifayile yetyala elo ithi ivulwe ze yabelwe inombolo yesazisi.
INkundla yamatyala iya kuqhuba uphengululo lokuqala ukuqinisekisa into yokokuba isikhalazo sinxulumene nembambano ngokubhekiselele kumba onokuthi ube sisizekabani sempatheko mbi. Umhloli angathi ahlole iziko/indawo leyo kuthethwa ngayo aze aqulunqe ingxelo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
INkundla yamatyala kufuneka, kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zokufumana esi sikhalazo, iqinisekise into yokuba isikhalazo sibhekiselele kwimbambano ngokubhekiselele kumba onokuthi ube sisizekabani sempatheko mbi.
Ukuba ngaba isikhalazo asibhekiselele kwimbambano leyo, umkhalazi aziswe ngokubhalelwa. Ukuba isikhalazo asinxulumananga nembambano leyo, iNkundla yamatyala iya kuzama ukuwusombulula umba lowo ngolamlo olungamiselekanga/olusesikweni. Ukuba amaqela lawo ayasilela ukufikelela esigqibeni, ityala elo liya kudluliswa ze libe nokuxoxwa kufunyanwe isigwebo.
Nawuphi na umqeshi okanye umqeshisi okanye iqela labaqeshi okanye labaqeshisi okanye iqela elinomdla kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni linakho ukufaka izikhalazo kwiNkundla yamatyala yokuRhentwa kweZindlu eNtshona Koloni.
Yinkqubo ethi ikhuthaze abantu ukuba bazisombulule iimbambano zabo ngothethwano, ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nefihlakeleyo. Abalamli abaqeqeshiweyo, abanamava kunye nabangakhethi cala bawanceda la maqela ukuba afikelele kwisivumelwano. Amaqela ngawo enza isigqibo ngesivumelwano ukuba siza kuba yintoni na ingabi ngabo abalamli. Isivumelwano sinokwenziwa umyalelo yiNkundla yamatyala.
Ukuxoxwa kwetyala yinkqubo apho amaqela amabini anakho ukwandlalai imiba engawaphathi kakuhle, enobungqina obubambekayo nobuxhasayo, ukulungiselela uikuba iNkundla yamatyala ibe nakho ukunika isigwebo esiya kuba sesokugqibela yaye sibophelela kumaqela onke. Inkqubo yeNkundla yamatyala inakho ukunikwa ingqwalaselo kwiNkundla ePhezulu.
Isigwebo esenziwe yile Nkundla sithatyathwa njengomyalelo weNkundla kaMantyi.
Kufunyaniswa enetyala yaye uya kufunyanwa enobutyala, uyakugwetywa, uya kuhlawuliswa imali okanye avalelwe entolongweni kodwa angavalelwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibini, okanye zozibini.
Uthe wasilela ukuya kuxoxa engenasizathu sibambekayo.
Uyala ukuvelisa amaxwebhu okanye into eselulawulweni lwakhe.
Uzimisele ukuyiqhatha iNkundla.
Uthe ngabom wanika iingxelo ezingeyiyo inyani.
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Iinkxaso-mali zokuthenga nokwakha izindlu zivuleleke kumashishini akushishino lophuhliso lomhlaba ukuwakhuthaza angene kumaphulo aqinisekisiweyo kwanokuze athengise imihlaba yokwakha iindawo zokuhlala ezenzelwe abo bantu bamelanayo neemfuno zokuzifumana. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke ngoko zenzelwe ukuba kuzuze abo bantu bamele ukuzifumana kuphela.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo?
Iinkxaso-mali ezayanyaniswe namaphulo ziya kuvuleleka kumashishini angena kumaphulo aqinisekisiweyo nasemthethweni. La mashishini ke amaxesha amaninzi aba ngoomaspala.
Amaphulo ezindlu kufuneka asekuelwe kwizigqibo eziquka bonke abantu (iimbumba zountu) phakathi kwaloo maqumrhu achaphazeleka ngqo kwimicimbi yelo phulo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uluntu oluza kuzuza kula maphulo kwakunye nabakhi kufuneka bavumelane ngohlobo lwezo zindlu kwakunye nendlela eziya kwakhiwa ngayo.
Iinkcukacha ngokuba ngoobani na abanelungelo lokufumana ezi nkxaso-mali kwakunye neenkqubo yezicelo ziqulethwe kulo Mgaqo Wezindlu Wesizwe.
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Inkxaso-mali enganxulunyaniswanga natyala ithetha ukuba uya kuthenga indlu leyo yakho usebenzisa inkxaso-mali kunye mhlawumbi nemali oyigcinileyo. Akusayi kuba natyala lamali-mboleko ekuya kufuneka ulihlawule.
Inkxaso-mali enxulunyaniswe netyala ithetha ukuba ufumana inkxaso-mali kunye nemali mboleko. Kuya kufuneka uhlawule ityala lemali-mboleko.
Unakho ukuyisebenzisa inkxaso-mali yolwakhiwo-zindlu ukuthenga indlu. Oku kubandakanya umhlaba kunye noqobo lwendlu.
ube utshatile, uhlala kunye neqabane okanye unabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe ngokwezimali.
ube ngummi osemthethweni waseMzantsi Afrika - kufuneka ube ngummi okanye ube nemvume yokuba ngumhlali osigxina.
ube unakho ukungena kwisivumelwano esisemthethweni - kufuneka ube ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-21 okanye kufuneka ube utshatile okanye ube uqhawule umtshato yaye unengqondo ephilileyo nezinzileyo.
ube unengeniso yenyanga yosapho engagqithaqnga kuma-R3 500.00.
ube awuzange uxhamle kwisibonelelo senkxaso-mali yokwakhiwa kwezindlu sikarhulumente ngaphambili.
ube uyaqala ukuba ngumnini-ndlu okanye womhlaba.
Qaphela: Kukho unxaxho ukuba wenza isicelo senkxaso-mali emanyeneyo okanye izicelo zenkxaso yokufudukela kwenye indawo okanye omnye wamalungu osapho othe walimala.
Isicelo sakho siya kuphumelela kuphela ukuba ngaba ufumana ilungelo eliqinisekisiweyo lokokuba unganakho ukufumana indlu okanye umhlaba.
Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ukulungiselela ukufumana inkxaso-mali yolwakhiwo-zindlu. Ezi fomu ziyafumaneka kwiBhodi yoPhuhliso yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yeNtshona Koloni okanye kooMaspala abaqinisekisiweyo. Ukuba uthe wanikwa inkxaso-mali yolwakhiwo-zindlu enganxulunyaniswanga netyala, unakho ukuyisebenzisa inkxaso-mali ukuthenga indlu okanye umhlaba. Inkxaso-mali inakho ukwangezelelwa ngemali yakho oyigcinileyo.
Xa uthe wagcwalisa iphetshana lesicelo, kufuneka ngokunjalo ungenise amaxwebhu adweliswe kulo.
Ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yesivumelwano sentengiso kunye / okanye isibophelelo sokwakha, ngokunjalo nezicwangciso ezamkelweyo zokwakha.
Ukuchongwa nokuqeshwa komnikeli: Umphuhlisi okanye umthengisi kufuneka atyumbe igqwetha okanye umnikeli. Umnikeli uya kubhalisa ukutshintshelwa kwendlu okanye komhlaba komnye umntu yaye uya kunceda i-WCHDB ukuba ilawule iintlawulo zesixa-mali senkxaso-mali eya kumphuhlisi okanye kumthengisi.
Isiqinisekiso esivela kumnikeli. Esi siqinisekiso singqina ukuba umnikeli ukulungele ukubhalisa indlu okanye umhlaba nokulawula intlawulo yenkxaso-mali. Ukuba umrhumo womnikeli kuthe kwavunyelwana ngawo kufuneka nawo udweliswe.
Lo mrhumo uhlawulwa kwinkxaso-mali. Umrhumo lo unakho ukugqitywa phakathi komnikeli, umthengisi/umphuhlisi kunye nomthengi okanye unakho ukuxoxwa phakathi kwe WCHDB kunye nomnikeli.
Ukuba ngaba akuvisiswana ngomrhumo, iWCHDB inakho ukufuna omnye umnikeli ukuba aqeshwe.
Ungasenza njani isicelo senkxaso-mali enxulunyaniswe netyala?
Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ukuze ube nakho kwenza isicelo senkxaso-mali enxulunyaniswe netyala. La maphetshana esicelo ayafumaneka kubabolekisi abaqinisekisiweyo.
Wenza isicelo senkxaso-mali ngexesha elinye nokwenza isicelo semali-mboleko yebhanki. Zozibini izixa-mali: esenkxaso-mali kunye nemali-mboleko ziya kusetyenziselwa ukuthenga indlu okanye umhlaba.
Inkxaso-mali enxulunyaniswe netyala ilawulwa ziibhanki kunye namaziko emali. La maqumrhu aqinisekisiweyo asebenza njengee-arhente ze-WCHDB.
Unakho ukufumana uludwe lwababolekisi kwiWCHDB ekufutshane nawe.
Kufuneka ungenise isicelo sakho kumbolekisi-mali.
Kufuneka ube sele usiqukumbele isivumelwano sokuthenga indlu okanye umhlaba. Kudliwano-ndlebe lokuqala kunye nombolekisi kufuneka unikezele ngekopi eqinisekisiweyo yesivumelwano eso kumbolekisi-mali. Isivumelwano kufuneka sichaze ukuba akukwazanga kufumana nkxaso-mali kunye namboleko mali, ngoko ke isivumelwano siyaphanza.
Kudliwano-ndlebe lokuqala, umbolekisi-mali uya kukucela ukuba uzalise ifomu yemboleko-mali ekuya kufuneka uyizalise. Baya kukuxelela kwakhona ukuba unalo na okanye akunalo ilungelo lokufumana imboleko-mali.
Ukuba ngaba kukho ithuba lokuba ungayifumana imboleko-mali, umbolekisi-mali uya kukuxelela ukuba iyimalini na idipozithi ekuya kufuneka uyihlawule.
Umbolekisi-mali uya kukuxelela ngeminye imirhumo engeminye ukuba iya kuba yimalini na ukuze ubenokuthenga indlu okanye umhlaba kubandakanywa nemirhumo yokutshintshela ubunini komnye umntu kunye nemirhumo yokubhalisa isiqiniselo semali-mboleko. Umbolekisi-mali akangevumi ukukunika imboleko-mali ukuhlawula lemirhumo.
Ukuba ngaba unakho ukuhlawula idipozithi kunye nemirhumo yaye ukuba ngaba unomzila olungileyo wokulondoloza imali, umbolekisi-mali angakuxelela ngendlela ongayiqukumbela ngayo indlela yemboleko-mali.
Ukuba ngaba akukwazi kufikelela ekubeni ube nayo isixa-mali sokuqala, okanye ukuba indlela ogcina ngayo imali okanye indlela ohlawula ngayo amatyala ayanelisi, akuyi kuba nakho ukufumana imali-mboleko. Unakho ke ngoko, ukukhetha ukwenza isicelo senkxaso-mali enganxulumananga natyala.
Iinkcukacha zolwazi ngokubhekiselele kwiimfuno kunye nenkqubo ebhekiselele kwiNkxaso-mali Yokwakhelwa Komntu Ngamnye Indlu ziyafumaneka kwiKhowudi yoLwakhiwo-zindlu.
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Iinkxaso-mali Ezimanyanisiweyo ziyilelwe abaxhamli abasele benomhlaba osele uxhaswa ngezimali yaye olungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa ngokufakelwa izibonelelo.
Ukwenza isicelo senkxaso-mali emanyanisiweyo, kufuneka ulandele inkqubo efanayo naleyo yeNkxaso-mali Enxulunyaniswe neProjekti.
Iinkxaso-mali ezinxulumene nomanyaniso ziya kuthi zinikezelwe kubaphuhlisi abaya kuqinisekisa ngokunikezela ngemvume yokuqalwa kweeprojekti. Aba baphuhlisi idla ngokuba ngoomaspala.
Iiprojekti zolwakhiwo-zindlu kufuneka zisekelwe phezu kwezivumelwano ezibandakanya uluntu phakathi kwamaqela achaphazelekayo okanye ethe iprojekti yanefuthe kuwo. Okona kubalulekileyo kukuba iingingqi ezixhamlayo kunye nabaphuhlisi bavumelane ngesiphumo kwanendlela yokwenziwa kwalo msebenzi.
Iinkcukacha zeemfuno zokufaneleka kunye nenkqubo yokwenziwa kwesicelo ziqulethwe KwiZikhokelo zeNkxaso-mali yoLwakhiwo Lwezindlu zeSebe loLwakhiwo Lwezindlu kuRhulumente weSizwe.
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Kwiingingqi zasemaphandleni, uninzi lwabantu alunamalungelo asemthethweni kwimihlaba yabo kodwa banalo ukhuseleko olusebenzayo lokusebenzisa umhlaba. Umzekelo, ilungelo lokusebenzisa umhlaba elinikezelwe ngokwemiqathango yemithetho kunye nezithethe zesizwe, isithethe, ukusetyenziswa okanye indlela yolawulo kwingingqi ethile okanye kuluntu okanye ngoncedo lokuhlala kumhlaba kaRhulumente kangangexesha elingaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu. Ezi ndidi zamalungelo okusetyenziswa komhlaba zikhuseleke phantsi koMthetho woKhuseleko lwaMalungelo oMhlaba Ongamiselekanga njengoko iinkqubo zokubuyiselwa ngokutsha komhlaba kuqaliswa ngazo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abangenalo ilungelo lokusebenzisa umhlaba ngokwasemthethweni abanakuze babe nalungelo lakufumana nkxaso-mali phantsi koLungiselelo lweNkxaso-mali yoLwakhiwo-zindlu ngoko ke inkxaso-mali eyodwa ithe yaphuhliswa.
Inkxaso-mali iyakuthi inikezelwe kuphela kubantu abanamalungelo angamiselekanga anokuthi angaphikiswa yaye abangafanelanga ukuba balahlekane naloo malungelo ngexesha kuqhutywa inkqubo yokubuyiselwa ngokutsha komhlaba. Ngaphezu koko umntu ngamnye kufuneka athobele yaye alungelelane neenqobo zokokuba angaselungelweni njengoko kuchaziwe kumhlathi-3.1.
Ngokwemiqathango yomhlaba ophantsi kolawulo loluntu, ukuba ngaba umntu unikwe inkxaso-mali yophuhliso lwamaphandle aze alahlekane namalungelo omhlaba wakhe, inkqubo sele iqulunqiwe apho umntu anganalo ilungelo lokufumana enye inkxaso-mali.
Nangona le nkxaso-mali ibizwa njengenkxaso-mali yophuhliso emaphandleni ayiphelelanga ekusetyenzisweni kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni kuphela, iyafumaneka kwiingingqi ezisezidolophini ngokunjalo. Olu didi lwenkxaso-mali luthatyathwa njengenkxaso-mali ekubhenelwa kuyo ekugqibeleni njengoko ibonwa njengemfuneko into yokokuba amalungelo akhuselekileyo okusebenzisa umhlaba athi anikezelwe kuzo zonke iimeko.
Inkxaso-mali inakho ukufumaneka kwimeko apho kuza kwenziwa iprojekti, kodwa akukho nani lincinane okanye likhulu labathathi-nxaxheba elithi linyanzeliswe. IiBhodi zoPhuhliso zoLwakhiwo-zindlu zePhondo ziyavunyelwa ukuba ziqinisekise iiarhente zokuqalisa umsebenzi ukuba zichonge, zicwangcise ze ziqalise iiprojekti ngokwemiqathango yale nkxaso-mali.
Inkxaso-mali evunyelweyo ihlawulwa kwii-arhente zemali ezichongwe yiBhodi yoPhuhliso loLwakhiwo-zindlu yePhondo ethi ilawule ukuhlawulwa kwezixa-mali.
Inkxaso-mali yophuhliso emaphandleni inakho ukusetyenziselwa nayiphi na injongo enxulumene nolwakhiwo-zindlu evunyelwe yiBhodi yoPhuhliso yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yePhondo.
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ICandelo loLawulo loLwakhiwo-zindlu lunceda oomaspala, iingingqi kunye nabantu abathabatha inxaxheba ngolwazi kunye neengcebiso ngokubhekiselele kwiNkqubo Yabantu Yokwakhiwa Kwezindlu(PHP).
Ithi kwakho iqwalasele, ilawule izicelo ze-PHP ze inikezele ngeemvume zokuqaliswa kweeprojekti.
INkqubo Yabantu Yokwakhiwa Kwezindlu yindlela yokunceda abantu abanelungelo lokufumana inkxaso-mali yezindlu ze ukwenza oku kube lulutho ze bathi abantu bazakhele okanye baququzelele ulwakhiwo lwamakhaya abo ngokwabo. Inceda amakhaya ukuba abe nokuzuza inkxaso-mali ze afumane inkxaso ebhekiselele kubuchule, kwimali, kwindlela zokusebenza kunye nolawulo ngokunxulumene nolwakhiwo lwamakhaya abo.
Abantu abazakhela amakhaya abo ngokwabo okanye abaququzelela ulwakhiwo lwamakhaya abo ngokwabo, banakho ukwakha izindlu ezingcono ngexabiso elingabhekele phi.
ulondoloze kwiindleko zentlawulo yabasebenzi kuba unakho ukuzenzela omnye umsebenzi wokwakha ngokwakho okanye ngokusebenza kunye nosapho lwakho, abamelwane, abahlobo okanye abanye abaze kukuncedisa.
Ube nokuthintela ukuhlawula ingeniso kubaphuhlisi.
Ukwandiswa kokusetyenziswa kwezigqibo ezizezakho.
Ngokuphandle, iNkqubo yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yaBantu ikuvulela ithuba lokusebenzisa inkxaso-mali ukwakha indlu yakho. Uncedo lobugcisa kunye nenkxaso kule nkqubo lubaluleke kakhulu. Ngoko ke wonke umntu othabatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo kufuneka enoMbutho Oxhasayo. Lo mbutho unikezela ngenkxaso kubugcisa obuza kuthi buqinisekise ukuba indlu yakhiwa ngendlela eyiyo.
Ukuze ube nakho ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwiNkqubo yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yaBantu, uMbutho Oxhasayo kufuneka usekwe.
bazenze babe ngamalungu alo Mbutho Uxhasayo, okanye bachonge uMbutho Oxhasayo onekhono ze bangene kwisivumelwano kunye nawo.
UMbutho Oxhasayo kufuneka ube ngumbutho osemthethweni.
Ngendlela yokuyilwa kombutho oxhasayo.
Ngendlela yokwenza isivumelwano nombutho oxhasayo.
Ngeendidi zemibutho exhasayo.
Ngendlela enokuthi imibutho exhasayo iqhube ngayo indlela yenkxaso yolawulo lobugcisa.
Ngobungakanani benkxaso ekufuneka inikezelwe ngumbutho oxhasayo.
Ngendima edlalwa ngumbutho oxhasayo ekuthengweni kwempahla nezixhobo zokwakha.
Ngeemfuno zokusekwa kwe-ofisi ephezulu.
Nge-akhawunti yebhanka ekufuneka lo mbutho uxhasayo uyivulile.
Ngokuqalisa nokuseka iminikelo ekhoyo nevulelekileyo kumbutho oxhasayo.
Ngemfuno yokokuba umbutho oxhasayo kufuneka utyumbe okanye uqeshe umqinisekisi kunye nomlawuli we-akhawunti.
Ube utshatile okanye uyahlalisana nomnye umntu okanye ube unabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe ngokwezimali.
Ube ungummi ngokusemthethweni weli loMzantsi Afrika.
Ube nalo ikhono ngokusemthethweni lokungena kwisivumelwano. Oko kukuthi, kufuneka ube ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-21 ubudala okanye mawube utshatile yaye unengqondo ephilileyo.
Wamkela isixa somvuzo ohlangeneyo ongekho ngaphantsi kwama-R3 500 ngenyanga.
Ube akuzange ufumane inkxaso-mali kuRhulumente ngaphambili yokuthenga indlu.
Ube uyaqala ukuba ngumnini-ndlu/ngumnini-mhlaba.
Ube nakho ukuyila okanye ukungena kwisivumelwano noMbutho Oxhasayo osemthethweni. UMbutho Oxhasayo uya kukunika inkxaso yobugcisa nolawulo.
UMbutho Oxhasayo ungenisa isicelo kwiBhodi yoPhuhliso yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yePhondo egameni labaxhamli.
Isicelo kufuneka sihambelane neemfuno ezithile zodidi lwenkxaso-mali yolwakhiwo-ndlu ekwenziwa isicelo salo.
inkxaso-mali emanyeneyo inkxaso-mali enxulumene neprojekti inkxaso-mali yeziko inkxaso-mali yophuhliso lwamaphandle.
Isicelo kufuneka sidwelise iindlela ekuvunyelwene ngazo yokwahlula imbambano phakathi koMbutho Oxhasayo kunye neentsapho ezixhamlayo kwimeko apho kunokuthi kuvele ukungqubana kwezimvo nokungavani ngeli xesha kuqhutywa iprojekti.
Kukwakho nezinye iimfuno ezongezelelweyo zodidi ngalunye lwenkxaso-mali nganye yolwakhiwo-zindlu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11537.10197.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngubani ojongana nezicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba?
Kufikelelwa njani kwizigqibo ngezicelo?
Oomaspala bethu banoxanduva lokujongana nezicelo zophuhliso, ezifana nezicelo zokuphuma kwimida yezakhiwo okanye izicelo zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili okanye zokwahlula-hlulwa komhlaba. Oomaspala bagqiba ekubeni kujongwane njani nezi zicelo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho, imigaqo-nkqubo kwanemikhomba-ndlela ephuma kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo Engqongileyo noPhuhliso loCwangciso. Ngamaxesha athile, umzekelo, kwizicelo ezinobunzima kakhulu zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili, oomspala baya kuthumela ezo zicelo kweli Sebe ukuze zingeniswe kuMphathiswa oyakuthi ke yena athathe isigqibo sokugqibela.
Eli Sebe liphicotha izicelo ezinento yokwenza nezolimo, oku likwenzela iSebe lesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, iSebe lesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni. Eli Sebe likwajongana nezicelo ezinento yokwenza nezimbiwa, oku likwenzela isebe lesizwe leZimbiwa naMandla, elesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, elesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni.
Phambi kokuba kufikelelwe kwisigqibo ngesicelo sophuhliso ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wesicwangciso sokusetyenziswa komhlaba, isicelo eso kufuneka kuqala sifakwe phantsi kweenkqubo apho uluntu lufaka khona igalelo luveze neembono futhi kumanye amaxesha, imvume yamaqumrhu awahlukeneyo karhulumente iyafuneka. Ukuba isicelo siwa phantsi kwenqanaba elithile lokuguqulwa komhlaba, sidla ngokuthunyelwa kweli Sebe.
Izicelo ziphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho iEnvironmental Conservation Act, ka- 1989 ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo ohlanganisiweyo wendalo engqongileyo nemiba yocwangciso iyajongwa. Eli Sebe liqinisekisa ukuba ezi zicelo zihlanganiswa nezinye ezikwafana nazo ezizezi: iingxelo zezimbiwa, izicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba kwanezicwangciso zezithuba nezezicwangciso-maqhinga.
Xa isicelo sophuhliso sele sinikwe ingqwalasela ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wendalo engqongileyo, isigunyaziso, iphepha-mvume okanye isigqibo - nayiphi na kwezi efanele ukukhutshwa - iyakhutshwa.
Isigqibo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wokusetyenziswa komhlaba sinokuthatyathwa kuphela emva kokuba isicelo eso sikhe saphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yomthetho ojongene nendalo engqongileyo.
Xa umaspala sele efikelele kwisigqibo, isibheno kweso sigqibo singafakwa kweli Sebe ukuze sinikezelwe kuMphathiswa.
Ukuba unombuzo ngesicelo sophuhliso osifakileyo, kufuneka uwuthumele kwicandelo ofake isicelo sakho kulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11538.5107.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo Lezithuthi zikaRhulumente lijongene nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zikarhulumente ezingamawaka amane anekhulu elinamashumi amathandathu ananye eNtshona Koloni. Inombolo yomnxeba esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku yokunikezela ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezithuthi zikarhulumente sele ivuliwe yaye ukungasetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente kungaxelwa kuyo ukunceda ukunqanda ubuqhetseba, urhwaphilizo nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezibonelelo zikarhulumente.
Ungatsalela kule nombolo isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku: 021 467 4797 ze uxele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11542.10017.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ukwandiswa kokuvuleleka kwezemidlalo kuluntu ukuphuculwa kwemigangatho yabadlali ukongezwa kwezixhobo zokudlala ukuncedisa iimbaleki kwiihambo zelizwe lethu nakwezamazwe ngamazwe ukudalwa kwamanye amathuba kwiimbaleki ezikhubazekileyo nokuqukwa kwazo kwimidlalo engundoqo ukunyuswa kwenani labantu bezemidlalo kwimidlalo esesikweni ukongezwa kwamazwe alawula imibutho yezemidlao neyezenkcubeko ebamba imidlalo kwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo ukuphuculwa kweenkqubo zomgangatho wophuhliso lwezemidlalo ezibanjwa ngamaqela alawula imibutho yezemidlalo.
iindawo zezemidlalo ukuze kuphuculwe umgangatho nokusetyenziswa kweendawo esele zikho ze kwakhiwe futhi kulungiswe esele zikho.
amaqela alawula imibutho yezemidlalo ukuze ancedise ekulawulweni kwawo kwakunye nolwazi lobugcisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imidlalo iyaqhubekeka kwel phondo.
Uncedo-mali olukuHlobo A olujoliswe kwiikliniki zophuhliso lwabaqeqeshi noonompempe kwakunye nolawulo lwezemidlalo.
Uncedo-mali olukuHlobo B oluxhasa imidlalo emikhulu yamazwe ngamazwe, eyezwe lethu kwakunye neyephondo.
Uncedo-mali olukuHlobo C olunikezelwa inkxaso yemidlalo yexeshana - la mangenelo kufuneka enziwe kwiphetshana lesicelo elenzelwe wona iintsuku ezingama-30 phambi kwemidlalo leyo, yaye ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo kuphela eziqwalaselwayo.
Amaphetshana ezicelo zoncedo-mali ayafumaneka kwiSebe.
iinkcukacha zabantu ezisebenza ngabo uluhlu lwemidlalo efakelwa isicelo esi ulwabiwo-mali lomsebenzi ngamnye incwadi yembalelwano enika inkcazo ngemfuneko yesi sicelo iincwadi zeemali eziphicothisisiweyo kwakunye nemizuzu yeNgqungquthela Yonyaka yoMbutho lowo. Zonke izicelo zivavanywa phantsi kwesisekelo somgaqo-nkqubo wokunikezela ngoncedo-mali weli Sebe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11576.47566.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho intaphane yamakhaya amakhosikazi abephethwe gadalala eNtshona Koloni abhaliswe neSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa. Amakhosikazi adinga ukhuseleko angaqhagamshelana nekhaya elo ngqo, okanye acele unontlalo-ntle kwi-ofisi yesithili yeli sebe ekufutshane nawo okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa ngoncedo lokuqhagamshelana nendawo yokuhlala. Amakhosikazi akuloo meko kufuneka anike ingqwalasela ukufaka isicelo somylalelo wokhuseleko. Amakhosikazi aphethwe gadalala ngabantu abazinikele kwiziyobisi banokunika ingqwalasela ukufaka isicelo sokuba abo bantu bawaphethe kakubi bagcinwe kwiziko lonyango lwamaxhoba eziyobisi. Ukuba lo mntu uphethe gadalala inkosikazi ethile kuyaziwa ukuba unompu osemthethweni, isicelo sokuba loo mpu uhluthwe naso singaqwalaselwa.
Qhagamshelana okanye uye kwindawo yokhlala ngqo, okanye ucele uncedo lokuba ungafikelela njani na kweyona ofisi yesithili yeli sebe ekufutshane nawe okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11577.47574.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho intaphane yamakhaya afumana uncedo lwezimali kumbuso apha eNtshona Koloni.
Isebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko linakho ukunceda ekuhlawulweni kweentlawulo zendawo yokuhlala yabantu ababuthathaka kakhulu nabadinga uncedo.
Nabani na onakho ukumelana neentlawulo ezipheleleyo zokuhlala angasifaka isicelo sendawo yokuhlala kwelinye lala makhaya.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo sendawo yokuhlala kwikhaya labantu abadala, kufuneka ufake isicelo kwikhaya elo ngqo, kuba kaloku ikhaya ngalinye lineemfuno neentlawulo zalo. Isebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko lijongisisa abafaki-zicelo futhi liya kunikezela ngoncedo lwezimali kwabo babuthathaka kakhulu okanye bakhubazeke kakhulu futhi badinga uncedo. Isigqibo sokugqibela ngokwamkelwa komntu senziwa ngumbutho olawula elo khaya. Abo bangaludingiyo uncedo lwezimali ngokuhlala kwabo basenokuzifaka nabo izicelo zabo ngqo kumakhaya lawo. Kuxhomekeke kubalawuli bekhaya elo ukufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba amkelwe na okanye angamkelwa umntu othile.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11588.11112.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMlawuli oyiNtloko: uPhuhliso lwezoKhenketho lunohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwarhoqo ngonyaka ekuxhaseni ngemali iiprojekthi ezinceda ekukhuliseni ishishini lezokhenketho. Oku kukhula kungabonwa ngeendlela ezininzi ezohlukeneyo, umzekelo, ngokudaleka kwamathuba emisebenzi, uqeqesho okanye uphuhliso lwezibonelelo zomsebenzi. Imfanelo yokufumana inkxaso-mali incinci phantsi koluhlu lwezinto ezikhoyo, ezinjengeenkampani okanye ii-NGO zeCandelo 21, neziqwalasele iingingqi nezisekelwe kwimimandla yoluntu.
Ukuba unqwenela ukufumana ilungelo kule nkxaso-mali, kufuneka ufezekise inani le migaqo emisiweyo. Umzekelo, inkampani yakho kufuneka iqhubekeke kwaye kuya kufuneka ukuba igqithise ingxelo yonyaka.
uqeqesho uphuhliso lweendlela zokhenketho amaziko engcaciso okanye olwazi kubakhenkethi ukucetyiswa iimpawu uncwadi olunxulumene nophuhliso lwamashishini asakhulayo.
Inkxaso-mali ayifumaneki ekuhlawuleni iibhonasi okanye imivuzo, incedisa ekuqwalaseleni amaxabiso awenziwe yinto ekhoyo okanye inani lezinye izinto ezingezinye.
INcwadi yoMgaqo-nkqubo weNkxaso-mali inikeza lonke ulwazi olunxulumene nale ngxowa-mali ukuquka iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo zenkqubo yokwenziwa kwezicelo.
Izicelo kufuneka zenziwe kumaphetshana ezicelo achaziweyo nafumaneka kwiSebe (inombolo yomnxeba: 021 483 4165). Iikopi zala maphetshana nazo zikwafumaneka njengenxenye yeNcwadi yoMgaqo-nkqubo weNkxaso-mali.
Izicelo kunyaka ngamnye zivalwa ngomhla wama-31 kweyeKhala, uvavanyo lwenziwa ngenyanga yeThupha neyoMsintsi ze iminikelo yaziswe kweyeDwarha kwakulo nyaka mnye.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11598.14925.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uluntu lungafaka izicelo zokusebenzisa indlela zikawonkewonke ekwenzeni imicimbi yalo ofana nemidlalo.
Kufuneka xa ubani eneenjongo zokusebenzisa enye yeendlela zephondo enze isicelo kwiCandelo loLawulo Mthetho leSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu. Kufuneka ufake incwadana yembalelwano yesicelo enazo zonke iinkcukacha zomcimbi lowo uza kwenziwa, oko ukwenze kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba uqalise.
Imiqathango okanye imilinganiselo iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ngowaluhlobo luphi na umcimbi lowo.
Ngama-R70 umrhumo wolawulo, ndawonye nemirhumo yoncedo lwezithuthi.
Uncediso kweZothutho: R48.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11598.14948.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Bonke abaqhubi boMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba izithuthi akhangeleka njengecredit card. Eli phepha-mvume linikezelwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umqhubi ephumelele izifundo zokuqhuba.
Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi elenziwe njengecredit card liphelelwa emva kweminyaka emihlanu lakhutshwa. Usuku lokuphelelwa lubhalwe kulo eli khadi. Phambi kokuba ikhadi eli liphelelwe kufuneka ufake isicelo selinye ikhadi elitsha.
Xa usenza isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha kufuneka kunyatheliswe iminwe yakho. Ngabantu abakwiminyaka engaphezulu kwe-18 kuphela abangafaka izicelo zamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba. Ungafaka isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba lokuqhuba isithuthuthu (esibukhulu bushiyanayo ukuya kuma nge-125 CC) xa uneminyaka engaphezulu kwe-16.
uphathe iSazisi sakho uphathe zonke iimpepha ezikuvumela ukuba uqhube isithuthi eso uze kunye nemifanekiso emine yakho efanayo uhlawule imali engummiselo ekhutshwayo.
Isicelo sakho kufuneka sichaze isithuthi ofuna ukusiqhuba (yinqwelo-mafutha, isithuthuthu, ikari, iminibhasi njalo-njalo.).
Wakuba usenzile isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba kufuneka namehlo akho abe kwimeko ekuvumelayo ukuba uqhube xa ebehlolwa, uya kunikwa usuku oya kuvavanywa ngalo.
unephepha-mvum elokuqhuba elisemthethweni uyazazi kwaye uyaziqonda iimpawu zendlela zezithuthi unalo nolwazi ngemithetho yendlela kwaneempawu ezingafaniyo ekufuneka umqhubi wesithuthi eziqwalasele xa eqhuba kwindlela kawonkewonke uyakwazi ukusiqhuba esi sithuthi sikhankanywe kwisicelo eso.
Izixhobo zokufunda zikhona ukukunceda ulungiselele ukuhlolelwa ukuqhuba kanti uninzi lwabantu luye lufunde kumntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Wakuba uphumelele uvavanyo lokuqhuba, uya kufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lekhadi.
Xa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba isithuthi sele lilungile, uya kwaziswa ngeposi. Xa usiya kulithatha eli phepha-mvume, kufuneka uphathe isazisi. Ikhadi elingaphuthunywanga kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-120 liya kutshatyalaliswa.
Isizathu esifungelweyoi esichaza ukuba kutheni umqhubi lowo engakwazanga kuzizela ngokwakhe, achaze igama nenombolo yesazisi somntu oye kumlandela.
Ungenza isicelo sokufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elilikhadi kulo naliphi na iziko eli elijongene nokuhlola abaqhubi abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
Iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha lisebenza ngokusemthethweni isithuba seminyaka emihlanu kuphela futhi idinga ukuhlazinywa ukuphela kweli xesha. Usuku lokuphelelwa liyabonakala apha kweli phepha-mvume.
Ungalihlaziya iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba phambi nje kokuba liphelelwe. Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha liya kusebenza ngokusemthethweni isithuba seminyaka emihlanu ukusuka ngosuku lokuhlaziywa kwalo.
Ukuhlaziya iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo soko kwiZiko Lokuvavanyela Amaphepha-mvume Okuqhuba elikufutshane nawe.
Phambi kokuba iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba libe nokuhlaziywa, kuya kufuneka kuthatyathwe imizila yeminwe yakho futhi kuya kufuneka uye kuvavanyo lwamehlo. Ukuba amehlo akho aya engaboni kakuhle emva kokuba wanikwa iphepha-mvume lokufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kusenokongezwa izithintelo kwiphepha-mvume elo litsha. Umzekelo, kungafuneka unxibe iindondo xa uqhuba. Ukuba uthe akwaluphumelela ngokupheleleyo uvavanyo lwamehlo, iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba alisayi kuhlaziywa.
Akuyi kufuneka uphinde uye kuvavanyelwa ukuqhuba kwakhona.
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaphesheya kweelwandle ngexesha lokuphelelwa kwamaphepha-mvume abo okuqhuba banokuwahlaziya loo maphepha-mvume kuphela xa bebuyele kweli lizwe. Kusenjalo, xa sele kukhutshwe izohlwayo, abantu abangakhange bakwazi ukuwahlaziya amaphepha-mvume abo okuqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha baya kuba nakho ukufaka izicelo zokungohlwaywa.
Kukho intlawulo elikhulu leerandi yokuhlaziywa kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha.
Ukuba ngaba iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba lilahlekile, okanye libiwe nokuba lithe latshabalala, kufuneka wenze isicelo sokufumana elinye.
Uya kunikwa iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lexeshana eliya kusebenza iinyanga ezintandathu okanye de ube ufumene eliny, nokuba yiyiphi eqale yenzeka.
Ukwenza isicelo sokufumanaiphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo elingu-TDL kulo naliphi na iziko lokuhlola ukuqhuba.
isazisi sakho imifanekiso yakho emine.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.11598.14960.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuvula iziko eliza kujongana nokuhlola abantu abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, kufuneka ubhalise kuMphathiswa weZothutho.
Sakuba isicelo eso siphunyeziwe abahloli bamaziko okuvavanyela ukuqhuba baya kulivavanya elo ziko ze benze neziphakamiso ngomgangatho walo. Eli candelo lomhloli liya kumana ukwenza umjikelo ngonyaka ukubeka iliso kwimigangatho yeli ziko ze lilicebise iziko elo lihlola nayiphi na imeko yalo kwanokulondolozwa kwalo xa kuhlolwa amaziko kwaneenkqubo ezifunekayo.
Okwangoku, ngooMaspala kuphela kunye namasebe ezothutho anelungelo lokuba namaziko okuvavanyela ukuqhuba.
Ukwenza isicelo sokubhalisela iziko elihlola ze likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhubaz, kufuneka uzalise iphetshan lesicelo elingu-DTC. Kufuneka kunikezelwe ingxelo kwiphetshana elo ngommeli wezolawulo kwanamabavavanyi abebengabahloli kwiziko elihlola likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
iziko elichaphazelekayo nelihlola likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba ummeli wezolawulo abahloli abavavanyela amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
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Bonke abantu abafundisa ukuqhuba kufuneka babhalise. Ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokufundisa ukuqhuba, kufuneka kuthi kwakuphandwa kufunyaniswe ukuba awuzange wabandakanyeka kulwaphulo-mthetho, ufumane nencwadi kagqirha ngobume bempilo yakho, ze uluphumelele novavanyo lomntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Ukufaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso sokuba ngumntu ofunfisa ukuqhuba, kufuneka uzalise iphetshana lesicelo u-R1 kwiziko elivavanyela ukuqhuba nelikhupha amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
Isicelo eso kufuneka sichaze ukuba luluphi udidi/ ziziphi iindidi zezithuthi ofuna ukuzibhalisa oza kufundisa ngazo ukuqhuba kwaye kufuneka eso sicelo sihambe nemali engummiselo ekhutshwayo.
Ukuba isicelo sithe samkelwa, kufuneka uhlolwe kwiziko elivavanya likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba ukuze ufumane ingxelo malunga nobuchule nolwazi onalo ukuze ube unganguye umntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Ukuba uye waphumelela, uya kunikwa into egunyazisa oko, apho uya kuthi ufake iifoto ezimbini kunye nemali engummiselo ehlawulwayo. Uya kuthi emva koko unikwe isiqinisekiso sokuba ubhalisile.
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Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kufuneka ube iphepha-mvume lokufunda ukuqhuba. Ulifumana eli phepha-mvume xa ufundela ukuqhuba isithuthuthu esibukhulu bungaphezulu kwe-125 CCs, inqwelo-mafutha, iminibus, isithuthi esincinci esithutha iimpahla, okanye isithuthi esikhulu xa ungaphezulu kwe-17 leminyaka ubudala. Ungalifumana iphepha-mvume lokufundela ukuqhuba izithuthu ezibukhulu bungange-50 CC ukuya kwi-125 CC xa uneminyaka eli-16 eli-16 nangaphezulu ubudala. Wakuba ulifumene iphepha-mvume lokufundela ukuqhuba, ungasiqhuba eso sithuthi sibhalwe kuloi Kodwa ke kufuneka umqhubi osele enalo iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi ahambe kunye nalowo ungekabinalo ngalo lonke ixesha, (ngaphandle kwasezithuthuthwini). Umntu ofunda ukuqhuba isithuthuthu akavumelekanga ukuthwala omnye umntu esithuthuthwini.
Ukwenza isicelo sokufunda ukuqhuba, kufuneka uugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo elingu-LL1 kwiziko elikufuphi nawe elihlola abaqhubi abatsha. Kufuneka uye neefoto ezimbini, zibe nombala okanye zingabi nawo, uveze neSazisi sakho uze uhlawule imali efunekayo. Kufuneka ube uneminyaka engaphezulu kweshumi elinesixhenxe ubudala.
Ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyelwe ukuqhuba kufuneka ube uluphumelele uvavanyo olukukhangela ukuba uyayazi na imiqondiso yendlela, iimpawu ezilawula iimoto ezindleleni, iindawo zokuqhuba ezilawula imoto ezingaphakathi. Kufuneka ube uye wahlolwa namehlo.
Izixhobo zokufunda ezikunceda ekubeni ufundise umfundi-kuqhuba alungele ukuvavanywa ziyafumaneka ezivenkileni.
Iphepha-mvume lomntu ofunda ukuqhuba lisebenza iinyanga ezili-18.
Kufuneka uhlawule ama-R60 xa usenza idinga lokuya kubhala uvavanyo lokufumana iphepha-mvume lofunda ukuqhuba ze ibe ngama-R30 wakuba uluphumelele uvavanyo olo.
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Abavelisi/abayili, abakhi nabo bazisa izithuthi kweli lizwe bangaziqhuba iimoto ezingabhaliswanga beziqhuba ngenombolo yokuthengisa izithuthi.
kubathuthi beemoto ukuba bazise iimoto umthengisi-moto xa ezizisa, ezithengisa, etshintshisa okanye elungisa isithuthi eso umenzi-moto xa ezise isithuthi okanye ezivavanya umzisi-moto welinye ilizwe ozise iimoto.
Umenzi-zimoto kufuneka enze isicelo sokufumana inombolo yokuthengisa isithuthi ze afune isiqinisekiso senombolo yokuthengisa izithuthi.
Nayiphi na imali esisohlwayo kwanosemva ngayo xa imali leyo ifike kade.
Kwisicelo sakho, kufuneka ubonise ukuba zingaphi na iinombolo zorhwebo zesithuthi ozifunayo utsho nokuba uzifunela ntoni na.
Imali engama-R 69.
Imali engama-R 681.
Imali engama-R 138.
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Zonke izikhululo zokuhlola izithuthi kufuneka zibhaliswe zibekwe ngokomgangatho ngaphambi kokuba zifumane iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo zokuba zikulungele ukuba sendleleni.
Isicelo siya kwamkelwa kuphela xa isikhululo eso sisebenza ngokuhlola izithuthi sihlangabezana nomgangatho wobuchule nolwazi ofunekayo ngokommiselo weSABS 0216 ' Isikhululo Sovavanyo Lwezithuthi' kwanendlela yokuhlola nokuvavanya isithuthi kufuneka ihlangabezene nenkqubo yeSABS 047 'Ukukhangelwa kwemoto ukuba iyilungele na indlela'.
Ukuba isicelo eso sibe nempumelelo, ukubhaliswa kwesithuthi kufuneka kusoloko luvezwa ngalo lonke ixesha.
idiploma yomhloli wakho isiqinisekiso sokubhaliswa kweshishinii.
Umhloli uya kutyelela iziko lokuhlola ze enze iziphakamiso aqinisekise nokuba iziko elo liyahlangabezana nemimiselo yeSABS.
Isiqinisekiso sobhaliso singakhutshwa emva koko.
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Abahloli beelayisenisi, abavavanyi bezithuthi, abahloli bamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, amagosa endlela nabaphathi kufuneka babhaliswe.
yidiploma efanelekileyo kufuneka ufaneleke ube ukhe waya kuqeqeshwa ngokumayela nemithetho esetyenziswayo malunga neempahla ezinobungozi (amagosa eendlela kuphela).
Ukwenza isicelo sokubhalisa kufuneka, ugcwalise iphetshanalesicelo elingu-RO ze uhlawule imali yobhaliso kwiCandelo lezoLawulo loMthetho leSebe lezoThutho neMisebenzi Yoluntu.
Xa ufaka iphetshana eli lesicelo, kufuneka uze neSazisi sakho idiploma iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba.
Kukho nentlawulo yama-R50 ekhutshwayo kwisigaba ngasinye xa ufuna ukubhalisa.
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Kufumeneka iphepha-mvume lesithuthi esithwala imithwalo enobungozi nezinye izithuthi. Imfuneko yamaphepha-mvume ixhomekeke kubukhulu nakubunjani bomthwalo lowo okanye isithuthi eso. Imimiselo yokwenza isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuthwala imiselwa kwiphepha-mvume ngokwalo kwaye kungabandakanywa noncedo lwezithuthi.
Amaphepha-mvume okuthwala imithwalo enobungozi ayafumaneka kwiSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, iCandelo lezoLawulo loMthetho. Izicelo umntu angazenzela yena ngokwakhe okanye adibane nomntu ocebisayo ngaphambi kokubetha kwentsimbi ye-12 emini emaqanda ngomhla owandulela ukuba isithuthi okanye umnthwalo ufuduswe. Izicelo ziya kuqwalaselwa ngosuku olulandelayo.
Ubume beentlawulo kumaphepha-mvume ezithuthi ezingaqhelekanga nemithwalo engaqhelekanga.
Uncediso kwezoThutho: R48.
Uqaphele ke ukuba imirhumo yoncedo yezithuthi iya kube ihlaziywe ekuhambeni kwexesha kwalapha ku-2003. kwakhona, imirhumo yoncedo iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni luluphi na uhlobo uncedo olufunekayo.
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Ukuqhuba iindidi ezithile zezithuthi kufuneka umntu abe nephepha-mvume elisemthethweni Lokuqhuba Ngobuchule ngaphezu kwaleyo anayo yokuqhuba.
isithuthi esithwala iimpahla, ezinobunzima obungaphezu kwama- 3 500 kg isithuthi esitsala esinye ezaphukileyo ibhasi iminibus enobunzima obungadlulanga kuma-3 500 kg esenzelwe ukuthwala abantu abali- 12 nangaphezulu, kubandakanywa nomqhubi isithuthi esisetyenziswa ekuthutheni abantu ukuze sihlawulwe isithuthi esithwala iimpahla ezinobungozi, esinobunzima obungaphezulu kwama-3 500 kg isithuthi esihamba endleleni esiyi-tank yokuthwala izinto ezilulwelo oluvuthayo olune -petroleum isithuthi esithwala abantu abali-12 okanye ngaphezulu kuqukwa nomqhubi.
Akukho phepha-mvume lakuqhuba ngobuchule lifunekayo ekuqhubeni isithuthi sokungcwaba okanye iteletele.
awuzange wakha wafunyaniswa uqhuba kakubi, okanye uqhuba ukungakhathali okanye awuzange ukhe wafunyaniswa unetyala lobundlobongela alizange khe larhoxiswa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba.
Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule lingarhoxiswa okanye licinywe xa uthe wafunyaniswa ukuba awukulungelanga ukuqhuba ngokwezonyango okanye xa uthe wafunyaniswa uqhuba kakubi okanye uqhuba ngokungakhathali, okanye ukuba wakha wafunyaniswa unetyala lobundlobongela.
Umqhubi okanye umnini-sithuthi elithe lafuneka iphepha-mvume lakhe lokuqhuba akavumelekanga ukuba alinike omnye umntu alisebenzise endleleni kawonkewonke, ngaphandle kokuba loo mntu naye unalo elakhe elikwanjalo futhi kwinqanaba elifanayo.
Usenza kwiziko elisebenza ngamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba isicelo sokufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule.
uze nesiqinisekiso sikagqirha uze nalo naliphi na elinye iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule okanye lokuqhuba isithuthi sikawonkewonke osele unalo.
Sakuba sesenziwe isicelo, kuya kunyatheliswa iminwe kwanephepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba elilikhadi elibonakalisa iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule.
Uya kwaziswa lakuba ikhadi lakho sele lilungile uye kuliphuthuma. Kufuneka ube besazisi xa uye kuthatha ikhadi lakho. Naliphi na ikhadi elingaphuthunywanga kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-120 liya kutshatyalaliswa.
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Ukuba ngaba inombolo yenjini yakho okanye yomzimba wesithuthi itshintshiwe, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso esinika ubungqina bokuba akukho khwiniba ngaphambi kokuba usibhalise isithuthi sakho.
Kufuneka wenze isicelo sokubhalisa kuqala kwiziko elibhalisa izithuthi ucele iSiqinisekiso samaPolisa esiNgqina ukuba akukho khwiniba kwisithuthi eso. Emva koko kufuneka usithathe ngokwakho isithuthi eso uye naso kwicandelo leeNkonzo zamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika apho uya kuthi usifumane khona esi siqinisekiso.
Akukho mali ihlawulwayo ngaphandle kokuba kufuneka kugximfiswe inombolo yomzimba wesithuthi eso nenjini entsha.
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Umthetho umisela ukuba kufuneka imana ukuhlaziywa qho ngonyaka iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi sakho. Ngumsebenzi wakho wena njengomnini-sithuthi, kukuqinisekisa ukuba liyahlaziywa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe. Ukuba ngaba alihlaziywanga kuya kufuneka wohlwayiwe. Unikwa ixeshana ezlingangeentsuku ezingama-21 emva kokuba sele liphelile ixesha lokuhlaziya iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba apho uye uhlawule intlawulo eqhelekileyo yephepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi kungafakwa sohlwayo.
Ukusenzela iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi sakho, , kufuneka uthumele iphetshana lesicelo elingu-ALV kwiziko elibhalisa izithuthi, uphathe kunye nesazisi sakho, imali engummiselo ekhutshwayo kunye neyazo naziphi na izohlwayo kwanemali esisemva ngayo isithuthi eso.
Kungenjalo, ungeza naso nesaziso sokuhlaziya iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba (iphetshana lesicelo u-MVL2) ukuba unayo. Ezi zaziso zithunyelwa ngeposi qho ngenyanga kubo bonke abanini-zimoto esele lisondele ixesha lokuba lihlaziywe kwakhona iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba.
Ukufumana enye ingcaciso, tsalela uMichael Gallant Kwicandelo lezoLawulo lobhaliso lwezithuthi kule nombolo 021 483 2058 okanye udibane neziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi elikufuphi nawe.
Imali ehlawulelwa ilayisenisi ixhomekeke kubunzima besithuthi.
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Xa sitshintsha siba sesomnye umntu.
Emva kweentsuku ezingama-31 sihluthiwe isithuthi.
Xa ilifa liqoshelisiwe emva komnini-sithuthi.
Xa uthenga isithuthi kufuneka usibhalise egameni lakho kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-21.
Isiqinisekiso somenzi waso.
Kufuneka ube uyayazi inombolo yomzimba wesithuthi okanye eyenjini yesithuthi yakho.
isiqinisekiso sokuba isithuthi eso sikulungele ukuba sendleleni into engqina ukuba sithengiwe isithuthi eso.
Xa isithuthi sibhalisiwe isiqinisekiso sobhaliso siya kunikwa umnini waso.
Ukuba isithuthi sakho siye safakelwa ilungu okanye sakhiwa ngokutsha, umzekelo safakelwa injini entsha, eso sithuthi kufuneka siphinde sibhaliswe kwakhona. Kule meko, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso esingqina ukuba akukho nto igwenxa emapoliseni kwanesiqinisekiso sokuba isithuthi eso sikulungele ukuba sendleleni ngaphambi kokuba ube nokusibhalisa isithuthi sakho.
Qaphela: Kukwakho nezinto ezizezinye ezifunekayo kwisithuthi ebesikhe asabhaliswa, ezongeza kwizinto ezifunwa kwindla-lifa yalowo ungasekhoyo, ukuthinjwa kwaso, ezifumaneke ngaphandle kwemida yoMzantsi Afrika okanye xa sasixeliwe ukuba sebiwa.
Imali Yokubhalisa: R69.
Ukuba awusibhalisi isithuthi sakho kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-21 usifumene, uya kohlwaywa.
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Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza Ngabantu afumaneka kwiBhodi yamaphepha-mvume Okuthutha Uluntu. Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ekufuneka lihambe neenkcukacha zakho okanye zenkampani uhlobo lwenkonzo yothutho loluntu iinkcukacha zendlela oza kuhamba ngayo iinkcukacha zesithuthi sakho.
Kufuneka utyikitye nesigqibo esifungelweyo esichaza ukuba awuzange wakha wachaphazeleka kwizenzo zobundlobongela okanye kumatyala amakhulu okanye wakha wabanjelwa ukubandakanyeka ekuphatheni izixhobo ezingekho mthethweni. Kukho intlawulo yezolawulo engama-R25 ekufuneka ihlawulwe.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza asebenza iminyaka emihlanu owona mlinganiselo mkhulu.
Ukuze ukulungele ukufumanaiphepha-mvume lokusebenza ngokuthutha uluntu, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba kufuneka ube lilungu elipheleleyo lombutho woonoteksi obhalisiweyo. Umbutho woonoteksi ubhaliswa kuMphathi Wemiba Yeeteksi yePhondo.
Wakuba ulifumeneiphepha-mvume lokusebenza, kufuneka uliphathe uliveze xa igosa lendlela lifina ukuba wenjenjalo, kwaye kufuneka uncamathisele uphawu olwahlukileyo kwelomnye umbutho kwisithuthi sakho.
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Ukuba ukhubazekile, ungasifaka isicelo secwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo kumaspala wakho. Eli cwecwe ke likuvumela ukuba upake kwiindawo zokupaka ezibekelwe bucala abaqhubi abakhubazekileyo yaye liyakukhupha wena kwimiqathango ethile yokupaka ngamaxesha athile.
ukuhamba kwakho kusakhubazeke okwexeshana kodwa kuphazamiseke kakhulu.
Abanye oorhulumente bamakhaya badinga ukuba ugqirha agcwalise icandelo ellithile leli phetshana lesicelo, ngoko ke eli phetshana kufuneka liye kulandwa kwangexesha. Nceda uqhagamshelane nesebe lezendlela elikufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane ingqiniseko yokuba uyayidinga na incwadi esuka kugqirha kusini na.
Ukuba uthi ufumane icwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo, kufuneka uliveze ngokucacileyo kwifestile yangaphambili yesithuthi sakho.
Nceda uqonde ukuba eli cwecwe lokupaka labahubi abakhubazekileyo linikezelwa ngye nawuphi na urhulumente wekhaya linganganakanwa ngoko nangoko ngomnye urhulumente wekhaya.
Intlawulo efunekayo ukuze umntu abe nokulifumana eli cwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo ayilingani futhi ixhomekeka kuloo maspala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
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I-LRAD ijolise kubantu abaMnyama, kwaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo, ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, kwaye akukho mfuneko yookuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncediso-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ngubani ofanele kulufumana olu ncediso-mali?
Ukunika abantu ababefudula besingelwe phantsi amathuba angcono okufumana imihlaba yolimo.
Ukuncedisa abantu abahlala kwimimandla yasemaphandleni ngeendlela zokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba okhoyo usetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo.
The IPhulo le-LRAD liphulwana lenkqubo yokwabiwa ngokutsha komhlaba liSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba. Lijoliswe ngokukodwa ekunikezeleni ngomhlaba kumafama amnyama ngenjongo yokulimela ukuziphilisa okanye intengiso yaye liqhutywa ngentsebenziswano liSebe lezeMihlaba nelezoLimo.
I-LRAD izama ukuphelisa ukungcola okwenziwa kumakhosikazi okwakufudula kusenzeka phaya phambili, ngokuphathelele ke kumathuba okufikelela nawokufumana umhlaba ongowawo. Amakhosikazi ke ngoko ayakwazi ngoku ukuba afake izicelo zoncedo-mali lwawo ngokwawo nje umntu eyedwa, engafuni njengengxenye yosapho.
I-LRAD ijoliswe kuBantu abaMnyama, yaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente likhutshwa simahla yaye akukho mfuneka yakuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo bafake izandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane, galelo elo liya kuthi lincedise kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncedo-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ukuze umfaki-sicelo abufumane ubuncinane boncedo-mali olungama-R20,000, kufuneka naye afake isandla ngemali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane; kanti ke xa umntu enokwenza igalelo lama-R400,000 angalufumana luphelele lonke uncediso-mali olufika kuma-R100,000 apho luphela khona.
Olu ncedo-mali lungasetyenziselwa ukuthenga umhlaba, ukuthenga izibonelelo zokuncedisa kumalinge olimo, ekwenzeni amagalelo exeshana elifutshane kwezolimo, nasekuphuculeni imeko yomhlaba wolimo, xa ngaba lowo ufaka isicelo ngumntu osele enawo umhlaba wolimo. Kanti ke umntu unakho nokuba angafaka isicelo soncediso-mali, ukuba ngaba unomhlaba awuqeshileyo kungoku nje, khona ukuze awuthenge ekuhambeni kwethuba ube ngowakhe.
ISebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba liza kuqinisekisa ukuba abafak-izicelo abafuna uncedo bayalunikwa uncedo lokuba badityaniswe nabagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi abaya kuthi ke babanike uncedo ekucwangciseni nasekuqhubeni iiprojekthi ezi. ISebe eli liya kubahlawula ngokwalo abo bagunyaziswa bangabacwangcisi xa ngaba bathe bakhethwa ngale ndlela. Loo nto ke ayisayi kuluchaphazela nganto uncediso-mali abanokuthi balufumane.
Abafaki-zocelo abanakho ukuba bangazifunela abagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi, bakwazi nokubahlawula ngokwabo, bangakwenza oko bengadanga baba baqala ngokudlana iindlebe neSebe eli. Loo nto kunjalo nje ingathatyathwa njengokuba ligalelo athe umntu walenza.
Ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphezu kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala abasuka kwiindawo ebezifudula zisingelwe phantsi ngokwamalungelo abaya kuqwalaselwa kolu ncedo-mali. Nakubeni kunokuba ngcono kakhulu xa abafaki-zicelo bengabantu abanamava kwezolimo, loo nto asingomqathango ubekwa njengemfuneko. Abantu abakhe balufumana uncedo-mali (lwe-R16,000) kwiSebe eli nabo bangazifaka izicelo kwakhona, kodwa izicelo eziya kuqala ziqwalaselwe zezo zabo bantu baqalayo ukufaka izicelo. Loo mali anokuyinikwa umntu njengoncediso-mali iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni oluya wayelufumene kuqala uncedo-mali lona lwalungakanani na.
Olu xwebhu luqulunqwe ngeenjongo zokunceda abafundi ngenkcazelo emalunga nephulo le-LRAD, nkcazelo leyo efana neenjongo zalo, nezona ndawo ziziziganga eziphambili apha kulo. Kananjalo luya kubanceda abafundi ekuziboneni ukuba ngaba bangakwazi na ukuthatha inxaxheba kweli phulo, nokuba bangenza njani na xa befaka izicelo zoncedo-mali olufumaneka ngokusebenzisa eli phulo.
Kananjalo olu xwebhu luya kubanika izikhokelo abafundi kule nkqubo okanye kulo mjikelo weeprojekthi ekuceetyiswa ukuba ulandelwe kuzo zonke iiprojekthi ze-LRAD, yaye luya kungenisa nesinye isigama esisetyenziswayo, namagama nezilungiselelo zakwaRhulumente eziyingxenye yeli phulo le-LRAD.
Xa ufuna ukwenza isicelo soncediso-mali, kufuneka ukuba uye kucela ifomu yokwenza isicelo kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezoLimo okanye kweyeleMicimbi yoMhlaba ekufutshane kuwe. Emva kokuba amagosa eSebe lezoLimo eye ayivavanyisisa le ngcinga ifomu yobhaliso iya kuthunyelwa kwi-ofisi yeSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba yesithili apho ke umcwangcisi aya kuthi ayiqwalasele iprojekthi leyo. Amagosa eSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba nawelezoLimo aya kuthi alungiselele iindibano zengcaciso nabo bbonke abo bachaphazelekayo ngenxaxheba yabo, ze ke athi apho kukho imfuneko yoko anyule nomgunyaziswa ongumcwangcisi oya kuthi ancedise ngocwangciso lweprojekthi leyo.
IBhanki yezeMihlaba iya kuba yiyo elawula uncedo-mali lwe-LRAD ukuba ngaba abafaki-zicelo bafaka izicelo zemali-mboleko yeBhanki yezeMihlaba okanye banqwenela ukuthenga umhlaba ongoweBhanki yezeMihlaba. Abo bahambe kakuhle kwizicelo zabo banokuthi ke uncediso-mali lwe-LRAD balufumane ngqo ngeBhanki yeziMihlaba. Kwiimeko ezinjalo ke, le fomu yesicelo izaliswe yagqitywa kufuneka ukuba ifakwe kwiBhanki yeziMihlaba ekufutshane okanye kwisetyana layo elikufutshane.
Izicwangciso zoshishino ezigqityiweyo ziya kuthi ziphicothwe phaya ezithilini, nto leyo ke ethi ilishunqule kakhulu ixesha ekufuneka lithatyathwe ekuqhutyweni kweeprojekthi leyo. Kuthi ke nje ukuba kubonwe ukuba iprojekthi leyo noko ingamkelwa njengeprojekthi enokwenzeka, uMlawuli wePhondo weMicimbi yoMhlaba akhuphe ugunyaziso lokuba uncediso-mali olo maluhlawulwe.
Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, yaye akukho mfuneko yokuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi okanye zezolimo. Imali eninzi esuka kumfaki-sicelo lwenza ukuba noncedo-mali olo lube luninzi. Ukufumana esona sixa sincinci soncedo-mali esiyi-R20,000, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka ancedise ngamaR5,000, ngelixa igalelo eliyi-R400,000 lifuneka ukuze umfaki-sicelo afumane esona sixa sikhulu soncedo-mali esiyi-R100,000.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.27438.130957.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abafundi abaphumelela ibanga leshumi ze babe nomdla ekubeni ngabahlohli bezifundo Zezibalo Nenzululwazi bangafaka izicelo zokufunda isigxina kwiSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Kapa. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zikwavulelekile nakubafundi abasele bekumaziko em fundo ephakamileyo abanomnqweno wokuba ngabahlohli kula macandelo.
Abafaki-zicelo kufuneka babe ngabantu abahlala isigxina kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa, babe nakho ukubonisa ukuba ngokwenene bayaludinga olu ncedo lwezimali ze bamkeleke kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo abanqwenela ukufunda kuwo. Abantu abasuka kwiingingqi ebezisa kuhleleleka ngaphambili bayakhuthazwa ukuba bazifaka ezi zicelo.
Iinkxaso-mali ezi zinikezelwa phantsi komqathango wokuyibuyisa ngokusebenza le mali, ngamanye amazwi ke, abafundi abaxhamlayo kule nkxaso-mali kuya kufuneka basebenze njengabahlohli apha kwiNtshona Kapa isithuba seminyaka efikelela kuleyo bayifumene ngaso le nkxaso. Kuluxanduva lomfundi ngamnye ke ukuzifumanela umsebenzi wokufundisa, nangona eli Sebe nalo ke liyakwenza konke okusemandleni nje ukusifumana esi sithuba.
Ngokwesiqhelo ke amaphepha okufaka ezi zicelo afumaneka ukusukela kwinyanga yeSilimela kunyaka ophambi kwalowo uphambi kokuqaliswa kwezifundo. Khawucele elinye lala mapepha ke kwi-ofisi yeenkxaso-mali okanye yoncedo-mali ekwisikolo okanye idyunivesithi yakho.
Izicelo ezi ke zidla ngokuvala ekupheleni kwenyanga yoMsintsi kunyaka ophambi kwalowo wokuliswa kwezifundo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3576.services.27438.133036.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
iSebe Lemicimbi Yendalo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso linikezela ngeenkxaso-mali zokufunda isigxina ezifikelela kwisihlanu ngonyaka kumacandelo apho kusafuneka izakhono. Ngo-2006, umzekelo, kubekho iinkxaso-mali zokufunda kwicandelo locwangciso-zidolophu kwanezamagosa ajongana nendalo engqongileyo.
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Zizifundo, iincwadi, indawo yokuhlala nokuhamba-hamba ngexesha lezi zifundo. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zezokufunda kwelinye yeeteknioni okanye iidynvesithi ezaziwayo apha kwiNtshona Kapa Ukuba uthi utshone unyaka, kuya kufuneka uphinde ngemali yakho, ze emva kokuba uwuphumelele ke loo nyaka uzihlawulela ngawo, ibuyiswe le nkxaso-mali. Ungasifaka isicelo senye imali (yezixhobo umzekelo) ukuba ukunika isizathu soko.
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zinikezelwa phantsi kwemeko yokuba umxhaswa lo abe uza kuyibuyisa le mali ngokuthi asebenzele eli sebe, ngamanye amazwi ke, kuya kufuneka usebenze kweli phondo isithuba seminyaka elingana naleyo uxhaswe ngayo ngezimali.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
<fn>GOV-ZA.3585.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Candelo loMphathiswa linoxanduva lokujongana nezolimo kweli phondo, kwanokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa nokusebenza komgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe nowephondo kwezolimo ngokwemisebenzi yeli Sebe Lezolimo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.3588.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Apha ke sichazela amanina abudala buyiminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu ngokuba ziintoni na ezi pap smear, nokuba kufuneka zenziwe nini futhi zisenzelwa ntoni na.
Yintoni Uvavanyo Lwamathumba Akhula Kumnyango Wesibeleko?
Isixhobo esikhethekileyo esibizwa ngokuba si-speculum sisestyenziselwa ukubamba umphantsi kasisi uvulekile ukuze ugqirha okanye umongikazi akwazi ukuwubona lo mnyango wesibeleko.
Ezinye iiseli zisuswa kakuhle apha kumlomo wesibeleko ze zithunyelwe kwindlwana yophando lwenzululwazi ukuze zivavanywe.
Iziphumo zolu vavanyo ziya kuthunyelwa kwiklinikhi yakho ngoko ke khumbula ukubuyela kuyo ukuze uzifumane.
Ipap smear ikhangela iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezinokuthi ekuhambeni kwexesha zibe nguMhlaza Wesibeleko.
Yintoni uMhlaza Womlomo Wesibeleko?
UMhlaza Womlomo Wesibeleko luhlobo lomhlaza oluxhaphake kakhulu kubantu basetyhini.
UMhlaza Womlomo Wesibeleko xa uthi ukhangelwe kuselithuba unganyangwa ze uphile.
Bonke abantu basetyhini basemngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa ngumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
Umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa ngumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko uyakhula njengokuba nawe ukhula nje.
awukho mninzi ekwabelaneni ngesondo uyeka ukuba sexesheni ngenxa yobudala sele wayeka ukuba sexesheni ngenxa yobudala awusenazinjongo zakuphinda ufumane bantwana wazikhupha isibeleko, awusenakufumana bantwana akubonisi zimpawu.
Kufuneka ulwenze uvavanyo lwepap smear ubuncinci rhoqo emva kweshumi leminyaka, uqale xa ukwiminyaka yamashumi amathathu ubudala.
Kufuneka ufumane iimvavanyo ezintathu EZISIMAHLA zepap smear, lube lunye xa ukwiminyaka yamashumi amathathu ubudala, lube lunye xa ukwiminyaka yamashumi amane ze ufumane olokugqibela xa ukwiminyaka yamashumi amahlanu ubudala.
Ezi mvavanyo ZISIMAHLA zepap smear ziyafumaneka kwiklinikhi ekufutshane nawe okanye kwiziko lakho lezempilo.
iimvavanyo ezintathu nezisimahla zepap smear ebomini bakho, lube lunye rhoqo emva kweshumi leminyaka, uqale xa ukwiminyaka yamashumi amathathu.
lokunyangwa ngesidima, intlonipho kwanemfihlelo xa usiya kuvavanyo lwakho lwepap smear.
lokucela umntu okanye iziko elikubonelela ngeenkonzo zempilo ukuba likucacisele ngenkqubo yolo vavanyo.
Kufuneka ulwamkele uxanduva lokujongana nempilo yakho.
Kufuneka uye kulo naluphi na unyango olulandela olo vavanyo ukuba ucetyiswe ukuba wenze njalo.
Kufuneka unikezele ngeenkcukacha zakho zonxibelelwano ezinyanisekileyo ukuze ube nokufumaneka xa udinga unyango olongeziweyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.376.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Inkonzo yeWebPALS isebenzisana namathala eencwadi alawulwa nguRhulemente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni futhi awawaquki amathala eencwadi aphantsi kolawulo lweSixeko saseKapa.
Amalungu amathala eencwadi angayisebenzisa iinternet ukuhlaziya impahla yethala leencwadi, baphendla-phendle iincwadi ngekhompyutha, okanye ke bafumane iinkcukacha ngethala leencwadi elithile.
Ngokusebenzisa iWebPALS, ungaphendla-phendla iincwadi ezikhoyo kwelo thala leencwadi ngekhompyutha, ufumane iinombolo zamaxwebhu athile nezalathiso, usebenzisa indlela yokuphendla-phendla esisiseko nekudidi oluphezulu.
Ungazibona zonke iincwadi nezihloko ezayanyaniswe nezo uzifunayo.
Unhazihlaziya iincwadi osele uzijongile wazifumana.
Ungazirhoxisa izicelo zokubolekwa iincwadi.
iinkcukacha-manani zamaxwebhu ethala leencwadi elo.
Ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zamathala eencwadi zekhompyutha, yiya WebPALS kwiwebsite yeWebPALS.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.376.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkonzo yeWebPALS isebenzisana namathala eencwadi alawulwa nguRhulemente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni futhi awawaquki amathala eencwadi aphantsi kolawulo lweSixeko saseKapa.
Amalungu amathala eencwadi angayisebenzisa iinternet ukuhlaziya impahla yethala leencwadi, baphendla-phendle iincwadi ngekhompyutha, okanye ke bafumane iinkcukacha ngethala leencwadi elithile.
Ngokusebenzisa iWebPALS, ungaphendla-phendla iincwadi ezikhoyo kwelo thala leencwadi ngekhompyutha, ufumane iinombolo zamaxwebhu athile nezalathiso, usebenzisa indlela yokuphendla-phendla esisiseko nekudidi oluphezulu.
Unhazihlaziya iincwadi osele uzijongile wazifumana.
Ungazirhoxisa izicelo zokubolekwa iincwadi.
ikhalenda yenyanga yeloo thala leencwadi namaxesha okusebenza iintsuku zekota okanye zesiqingatha sonyaka ithala elithile elisebenza ngazo iinkcukacha zokubolekisa zethala leencwadi elithile iinkcukacha-manani zethala leencwadi iinkcukacha-manani zamaxwebhu ethala leencwadi elo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3856.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3899.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3905.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3919.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3921.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3925.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3931.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3946.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3948.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.3954.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.396.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
iKimishoni Yenkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni idlala ebaluleke kakhulu ekulondolozweni, ekuphakanyisweni nasekuphuhlisweni kwazo zonke iinkcubeko kweli Phondo, ingakumbi abo babesakuhleleleka ngaphambili, benganikwa ntlonipho nendelelo. Le Komishoni ikhuthaza abemi ukuba bazamkele futhi baziqonde iinkcubeko zabo ezahlukeneyo.
Enye yeenjongo zale Komishoni Yenkcubeko kukusebenzisa inkxaso-mali yamaphulo enkcubeko njengesixhobo sokulwa intlupheko, ukudala amathuba engqesho kwanokuza neenguqu kuluntu nasekuhlaleni. Kungoko ke le Komishoni inika abantu amathuba okukhula bona kwanoluntu ekuhlaleni.
Le Komishoni ithatha lonke uhlobo lobugcisa, ukuqala kumculo wejazz ukuya kumculo wemveli nakwimidaniso yeballet, umculo we-opera, ukwenza imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, imizobo neminye nje imisebenzi yobugcisa njengengxenye ebalulekileyo yesizwe esiphilileyo. Ithi ke ngoko izame ukuqinisekisa onke amagcisa namachule kwakunye nazo zonke iintlobo zobugcisa ziyancediswa ze zikhuthazwe ngandlela zonke.
iKomishoni Yenkcubeko le incediswa kwimisebenzi yayo liSebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko Nemidlalo ze ifumane inkxaso yezopolitiko kuMphathiswa Wemicimbi Yenkcubeko, Imidlalo Nolonwabo.
Amagosa eSebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko Nezemidlalo laseNtshona Kapa afezekisa imisebenzi ekwizikhundla eziphezulu kwanaleyo yolawulo enento yokwenza neKomishoni Yenkcubeko yeNtshona Kapa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.396.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amaziko Enkcubeko iKimishoni Yenkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni idlala ebaluleke kakhulu ekulondolozweni, ekuphakanyisweni nasekuphuhlisweni kwazo zonke iinkcubeko kweli Phondo, ingakumbi abo babesakuhleleleka ngaphambili, benganikwa ntlonipho nendelelo. Le Komishoni ikhuthaza abemi ukuba bazamkele futhi baziqonde iinkcubeko zabo ezahlukeneyo.
Enye yeenjongo zale Komishoni Yenkcubeko kukusebenzisa inkxaso-mali yamaphulo enkcubeko njengesixhobo sokulwa intlupheko, ukudala amathuba engqesho kwanokuza neenguqu kuluntu nasekuhlaleni. Kungoko ke le Komishoni inika abantu amathuba okukhula bona kwanoluntu ekuhlaleni.
Le Komishoni ithatha lonke uhlobo lobugcisa, ukuqala kumculo wejazz ukuya kumculo wemveli nakwimidaniso yeballet, umculo we-opera, ukwenza imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, imizobo neminye nje imisebenzi yobugcisa njengengxenye ebalulekileyo yesizwe esiphilileyo. Ithi ke ngoko izame ukuqinisekisa onke amagcisa namachule kwakunye nazo zonke iintlobo zobugcisa ziyancediswa ze zikhuthazwe ngandlela zonke.
iKomishoni Yenkcubeko le incediswa kwimisebenzi yayo liSebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko Nemidlalo ze ifumane inkxaso yezopolitiko kuMphathiswa Wemicimbi Yenkcubeko, Imidlalo Nolonwabo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3966.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.398.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
OoNondyebo bePhondo balawula izipaji zePhondo leNtshona Koloni. Banoxanduva lokuqinisekisa intsebenzo eyiyo kwizimali, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwanolawulo lwekhonkco lwezibonelelo yaye kufuneka beze nengcebiso ngomgaqo-nkqubo wokulawulwa kwezimali nezibonelelo ukuxhasa urhulumente ekunikezeleni ngeziphumo zomgaqo-nkqubo wakhe kwanezimvo ngemiba ezinzileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwezibonelelo, ukunika igalelo ekuphuculweni kwemigangatho yokuphila kwanomgangatho weenkonzo ezifunwa ngabemi bephondo leNtshona Koloni.
OoNondyebo bePhondo, ngokwemisebenzi abayinikwe yiPublic Finance Management Act kwaneminye imithetho esondeleyo, bancedisa uMphathiswa/iCandelo loMphathiswa weZimali noPhuhliso loQoqosho ukuphuhlisa kwanokwenza banzi isiseko soqoqosho lweli Phondo.
nikezela umkhomba-ndlela ngokwezibonelelo kwanamathuba kwabo bawadinga kakhulu.
Ukuphumelela kwezi nzame kuya kukhokelela ekuphunyezweni kweenjongo ezichazayo zikarhulumente weNtshona Koloni zokuhlala ethembeni, ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwanesidima kumntu wonke kwanokuphunyezwa kombono iKapa elihlumayo.
iKapa elihlumayo liqhinga lePhondo leNtshona Koloni lokukhawulelana neemfuno zabantu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwandisa inkxaso kwabo bahluphekileyo, ngelixa kukwaqinisekiswa ukuba abantu abaninzi banokuzuza ingeniso ngengqesho ehlawulayo.
Iinjongo zeKapa elihlumayo kukunciphisa intswela-ngqesho, intlupheko, kwanokungalingani ngokwemivuzo ngokuphuhlisa ukukhula koqoqosho kwanokuthathwa kwenxaxheba kwiphondo. Inkcitho ethe kratya kweli phondo ekuphuhlisweni kwezakhono norhwebo kwimisebenzi yezibonelelo ezinkulu iya kusetyenziswa ukutsala urhwebo lwabucala ukuphuhlisa uqoqosho. IPhondo eli liyakwayamisa eli qhinga lexesha elide kwinkxaso eyandisiweyo kwabo bahluphekileyo ngokuhlawulwa kweenkxaso-mali kwanokunikezelwa kweenkonzo ngendlela ephucukileyo.
Ulonyulo lokuqala kulawulo ngentando yesininzi eMzantsi Afrika ngo-1994 lwakhokelela kwindlela entsha yopolitiko eyadala aMaphondo alithoba amatsha. Kodwa kwakungekho balawuli kuloo maphondo ukuze beze neenguqu ezidingekayo. Kwafuneka sakhe iPhondo, futhi oyena ndoqo wolu lwakhiwo yayilisebe loonondyebo elisebenzayo - kungoko ke iSebe looNondyebo beNtshona Koloni lazalwa ngomhla wokuqala kwekaTshazimpunzi ku-1995 njengengxenye yeSebe elitsha leZimali neeNkonzo Zoshishino. Lalikwanikwe noxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba amasebe afana neli aya kudalwa kumaphondo uMntla Koloni neMpuma Koloni.
Ulawulo lukarhulumente wephondo luxhomekeke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngendlela eyiyo kweSebe looNondyebo bePhondo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iNtshona Koloni yayisebenza ngendlela eyiyo nengachithi mali ininzi, eli Sebe lazibandakanya nenkqubo yokwakhiwa ngokutsha ukuzihlanganisa neSebe leSizwe looNondyebo.
Inkqubo yokwakhiwa ngokutsha yayidinga iinjongo zomgaqo-nkqubo kwanamaqhinga ekufuneka ekhangelwe ze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ayasebenza. Oku kwenziwa ngokudalwa kwamacandelo akhethekileyo, afana nePublic Finance and Accounting, Asset Management, Human Resource Management neResource Management.
elokulungiselela eli Phondo ukumelana nokunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwanokulingana kwiphondo eli.
elokwakha iSebe looNondyebo bePhondo ukuphumeza indima yalo njengesebe elizimeleyo nelezifundiswa.
elokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo komthetho iPublic Finance Management Act.
ISebe elisebenzayo neliphunyeziweyo ngoku kufuneka linikezele iinkonzo ezingcono kwiinjongo zeqhinga leSebe looNondyebo yaye liya kulinceda ukumelana nemiceli-mngeni yezoqoqosho loluntu lweli Phondo namanye amaphondo, oomaspala kwanabanye abantu okanye iinkampani ezinomdla kulo mba.
Ukuphuhlisa, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokunyanzelisa ukusebenza kwezithethe zolawulo lwezimali kwanemigangatho eyiyo.
Ukuqinisekisa indlela yonxibelelwano yangaphakathi neyangaphandle esebenzayo kwimiba yezimali.
Ukwenza uphicotho lweencwadi lobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa kwanokwenza uphicotho lweencwadi ngokuvavanya ubungakanani bomngcipheko.
Ukufumanisa nokuvavanya imida yezoqoqosho kwanezibophelelo zoqoqosho loluntu kwiphondo nakuqoqosho lwesizwe.
Ukusebenzisa ngokugqibeleleyo izibonelelo zephondo, oko ke ibe kukuhlonela isisekelo kwaneemfuno eziluqilima zomthetho iPublic Finance Management Act, ka-1999.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuqhutywa kweenkonzo zezimali kwanokunikezelwa kweengxelo okuza kubonisa ngokugcweleyo ubume ngokwezimali kwanentsebenzo kaRhulumente wePhondo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.398.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
OoNondyebo bePhondo balawula izipaji zePhondo leNtshona Koloni. Banoxanduva lokuqinisekisa intsebenzo eyiyo kwizimali, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwanolawulo lwekhonkco lwezibonelelo yaye kufuneka beze nengcebiso ngomgaqo-nkqubo wokulawulwa kwezimali nezibonelelo ukuxhasa urhulumente ekunikezeleni ngeziphumo zomgaqo-nkqubo wakhe kwanezimvo ngemiba ezinzileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwezibonelelo, ukunika igalelo ekuphuculweni kwemigangatho yokuphila kwanomgangatho weenkonzo ezifunwa ngabemi bephondo leNtshona Koloni.
OoNondyebo bePhondo, ngokwemisebenzi abayinikwe yiPublic Finance Management Act kwaneminye imithetho esondeleyo, bancedisa uMphathiswa/iCandelo loMphathiswa weZimali noPhuhliso loQoqosho ukuphuhlisa kwanokwenza banzi isiseko soqoqosho lweli Phondo.
phucula intsebenziwano, ukulingana kwanentsebenzo eyiyo ekunikzelweni kweenkonzo nciphisa ukungalingani ngokwezoqoqosho nangezoluntu dala amathuba engqesho ngokusetyenziswa kwezimvo ezintsha nikezela umkhomba-ndlela ngokwezibonelelo kwanamathuba kwabo bawadinga kakhulu.
Ukuphumelela kwezi nzame kuya kukhokelela ekuphunyezweni kweenjongo ezichazayo zikarhulumente weNtshona Koloni zokuhlala ethembeni, ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwanesidima kumntu wonke kwanokuphunyezwa kombono iKapa elihlumayo.
iKapa elihlumayo liqhinga lePhondo leNtshona Koloni lokukhawulelana neemfuno zabantu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwandisa inkxaso kwabo bahluphekileyo, ngelixa kukwaqinisekiswa ukuba abantu abaninzi banokuzuza ingeniso ngengqesho ehlawulayo.
Iinjongo zeKapa elihlumayo kukunciphisa intswela-ngqesho, intlupheko, kwanokungalingani ngokwemivuzo ngokuphuhlisa ukukhula koqoqosho kwanokuthathwa kwenxaxheba kwiphondo. Inkcitho ethe kratya kweli phondo ekuphuhlisweni kwezakhono norhwebo kwimisebenzi yezibonelelo ezinkulu iya kusetyenziswa ukutsala urhwebo lwabucala ukuphuhlisa uqoqosho. IPhondo eli liyakwayamisa eli qhinga lexesha elide kwinkxaso eyandisiweyo kwabo bahluphekileyo ngokuhlawulwa kweenkxaso-mali kwanokunikezelwa kweenkonzo ngendlela ephucukileyo.
Ulonyulo lokuqala kulawulo ngentando yesininzi eMzantsi Afrika ngo-1994 lwakhokelela kwindlela entsha yopolitiko eyadala aMaphondo alithoba amatsha. Kodwa kwakungekho balawuli kuloo maphondo ukuze beze neenguqu ezidingekayo. Kwafuneka sakhe iPhondo, futhi oyena ndoqo wolu lwakhiwo yayilisebe loonondyebo elisebenzayo - kungoko ke iSebe looNondyebo beNtshona Koloni lazalwa ngomhla wokuqala kwekaTshazimpunzi ku-1995 njengengxenye yeSebe elitsha leZimali neeNkonzo Zoshishino. Lalikwanikwe noxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba amasebe afana neli aya kudalwa kumaphondo uMntla Koloni neMpuma Koloni.
Ulawulo lukarhulumente wephondo luxhomekeke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngendlela eyiyo kweSebe looNondyebo bePhondo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iNtshona Koloni yayisebenza ngendlela eyiyo nengachithi mali ininzi, eli Sebe lazibandakanya nenkqubo yokwakhiwa ngokutsha ukuzihlanganisa neSebe leSizwe looNondyebo.
elokunikezela ulawulo lwezimali kuwo onke amasebe elokulungiselela eli Phondo ukumelana nokunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwanokulingana kwiphondo eli.
ISebe elisebenzayo neliphunyeziweyo ngoku kufuneka linikezele iinkonzo ezingcono kwiinjongo zeqhinga leSebe looNondyebo yaye liya kulinceda ukumelana nemiceli-mngeni yezoqoqosho loluntu lweli Phondo namanye amaphondo, oomaspala kwanabanye abantu okanye iinkampani ezinomdla kulo mba.
Ukuphuhlisa, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokunyanzelisa ukusebenza kwezithethe zolawulo lwezimali kwanemigangatho eyiyo.
Ukuqinisekisa indlela yonxibelelwano yangaphakathi neyangaphandle esebenzayo kwimiba yezimali.
Ukwenza uphicotho lweencwadi lobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa kwanokwenza uphicotho lweencwadi ngokuvavanya ubungakanani bomngcipheko.
Ukufumanisa nokuvavanya imida yezoqoqosho kwanezibophelelo zoqoqosho loluntu kwiphondo nakuqoqosho lwesizwe.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuqhutywa kweenkonzo zezimali kwanokunikezelwa kweengxelo okuza kubonisa ngokugcweleyo ubume ngokwezimali kwanentsebenzo kaRhulumente wePhondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.3986.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.3988.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4004.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.401.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4014.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4020.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4026.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.403.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4032.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4034.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4036.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4038.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.404.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuqinisekisa ukulingana kweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo.
Ukubeka iliso ekusetyenzisweni kweelwimi ezisesikweni kweli phondo ngurhulumente weNtshona Koloni.
Ukuphakamisa nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi kweli phondo.
Ukuphakamisa uphuhliso lweelwimi zeli lizwe ebezisa kusengelwa phantsi, kuquka nolwimi Lwabantu Abangevayo.
Ukucebisa uMphathiswa kwimiba yeelwimi.
Ukucebisa iPan South African Language Board kwimiba yeelwimi echaphazela iNtshona Koloni.
Le Komiti liqumrhu elamiselwa ngokusemthethweni ngokwemigaqo yeCandelo lesithandathu loMthetho wePalamente Yesizwe iWestern Cape Provincial Languages Act ka-1998. iKomiti Yeelwimi le ikwancedisa njengekomiti encedisayo yephondo yePan South African Language Board yaye kufuneka icebise le Bhodi kwimiba yeelwimi echaphazela eli phondo.
Ukwakhiwa kwale Komiti kuvumela ukumelwa kwezi lwimi zintathu zisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni apha eNtshona Koloni - ezisisiBhulu, isiXhosa nesiNgesi, ndawonye nolo lwabangevayo kwakunye nezo zemveli. Amalungu eKomiti Yesizwe asebenzela le komiti isithuba esiyiminyaka emithathu yaye achongwa nguMphathiswa wePhondo weSebe Lemicimbi Yernkcubeko Imidlalo Nezolonwabo, emva kokuba ekhethwe luluntu ze bahlahlwa kuhle kuluhlu lwabo bafanelekileyo yiKomiti Yephondo Emiyo Kwezobugcisa Nenkcubeko.
iCandelo Leelwimi eliphantsi kweSebe Lemicimbi Nezemidlalo lilawula imicimbi yeKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni yaye likwanoxanduva lokuphumeza amaphulo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.404.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuqinisekisa ukulingana kweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo.
Ukubeka iliso ekusetyenzisweni kweelwimi ezisesikweni kweli phondo ngurhulumente weNtshona Koloni.
Ukuphakamisa nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi kweli phondo.
Ukuphakamisa uphuhliso lweelwimi zeli lizwe ebezisa kusengelwa phantsi, kuquka nolwimi Lwabantu Abangevayo.
Ukucebisa uMphathiswa kwimiba yeelwimi.
Ukwakhiwa kwale Komiti kuvumela ukumelwa kwezi lwimi zintathu zisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni apha eNtshona Koloni - ezisisiBhulu, isiXhosa nesiNgesi, ndawonye nolo lwabangevayo kwakunye nezo zemveli. Amalungu eKomiti Yesizwe asebenzela le komiti isithuba esiyiminyaka emithathu yaye achongwa nguMphathiswa wePhondo weSebe Lemicimbi Yernkcubeko Imidlalo Nezolonwabo, emva kokuba ekhethwe luluntu ze bahlahlwa kuhle kuluhlu lwabo bafanelekileyo yiKomiti Yephondo Emiyo Kwezobugcisa Nenkcubeko.
iCandelo Leelwimi eliphantsi kweSebe Lemicimbi Nezemidlalo lilawula imicimbi yeKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni yaye likwanoxanduva lokuphumeza amaphulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4044.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4046.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4052.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4054.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.406.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ulawulo lophuhliso lwendalo kwakunye nocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlanganisiweyo, uphuhliso oluhlanganisiweyo lweendawo zokuhlala zoluntu, kwakunye nokuqinisekisa ukufikeleleka ngendlela elinganayo kwakunye nokusetyenziswa ngendlela kwezibonelelo zeli phondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.406.public_entities.262.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.406.pubs.annual_reports.2003.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iingxelo zikaRhulumente zonyaka zidweliswa ngokweminyaka.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.406.services.11537.10197.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngubani ojongana nezicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba?
Kufikelelwa njani kwizigqibo ngezicelo?
Oomaspala bethu banoxanduva lokujongana nezicelo zophuhliso, ezifana nezicelo zokuphuma kwimida yezakhiwo okanye izicelo zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili okanye zokwahlula-hlulwa komhlaba. Oomaspala bagqiba ekubeni kujongwane njani nezi zicelo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho, imigaqo-nkqubo kwanemikhomba-ndlela ephuma kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo Engqongileyo noPhuhliso loCwangciso. Ngamaxesha athile, umzekelo, kwizicelo ezinobunzima kakhulu zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili, oomspala baya kuthumela ezo zicelo kweli Sebe ukuze zingeniswe kuMphathiswa oyakuthi ke yena athathe isigqibo sokugqibela.
Eli Sebe liphicotha izicelo ezinento yokwenza nezolimo, oku likwenzela iSebe lesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, iSebe lesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni. Eli Sebe likwajongana nezicelo ezinento yokwenza nezimbiwa, oku likwenzela isebe lesizwe leZimbiwa naMandla, elesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, elesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni.
Phambi kokuba kufikelelwe kwisigqibo ngesicelo sophuhliso ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wesicwangciso sokusetyenziswa komhlaba, isicelo eso kufuneka kuqala sifakwe phantsi kweenkqubo apho uluntu lufaka khona igalelo luveze neembono futhi kumanye amaxesha, imvume yamaqumrhu awahlukeneyo karhulumente iyafuneka. Ukuba isicelo siwa phantsi kwenqanaba elithile lokuguqulwa komhlaba, sidla ngokuthunyelwa kweli Sebe.
Izicelo ziphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho iEnvironmental Conservation Act, ka- 1989 ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo ohlanganisiweyo wendalo engqongileyo nemiba yocwangciso iyajongwa. Eli Sebe liqinisekisa ukuba ezi zicelo zihlanganiswa nezinye ezikwafana nazo ezizezi: iingxelo zezimbiwa, izicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba kwanezicwangciso zezithuba nezezicwangciso-maqhinga.
Xa isicelo sophuhliso sele sinikwe ingqwalasela ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wendalo engqongileyo, isigunyaziso, iphepha-mvume okanye isigqibo - nayiphi na kwezi efanele ukukhutshwa - iyakhutshwa.
Isigqibo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wokusetyenziswa komhlaba sinokuthatyathwa kuphela emva kokuba isicelo eso sikhe saphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yomthetho ojongene nendalo engqongileyo.
Xa umaspala sele efikelele kwisigqibo, isibheno kweso sigqibo singafakwa kweli Sebe ukuze sinikezelwe kuMphathiswa.
Ukuba unombuzo ngesicelo sophuhliso osifakileyo, kufuneka uwuthumele kwicandelo ofake isicelo sakho kulo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.406.services.27438.133036.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
iSebe Lemicimbi Yendalo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso linikezela ngeenkxaso-mali zokufunda isigxina ezifikelela kwisihlanu ngonyaka kumacandelo apho kusafuneka izakhono. Ngo-2006, umzekelo, kubekho iinkxaso-mali zokufunda kwicandelo locwangciso-zidolophu kwanezamagosa ajongana nendalo engqongileyo.
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Zizifundo, iincwadi, indawo yokuhlala nokuhamba-hamba ngexesha lezi zifundo. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zezokufunda kwelinye yeeteknioni okanye iidynvesithi ezaziwayo apha kwiNtshona Kapa Ukuba uthi utshone unyaka, kuya kufuneka uphinde ngemali yakho, ze emva kokuba uwuphumelele ke loo nyaka uzihlawulela ngawo, ibuyiswe le nkxaso-mali. Ungasifaka isicelo senye imali (yezixhobo umzekelo) ukuba ukunika isizathu soko.
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zinikezelwa phantsi kwemeko yokuba umxhaswa lo abe uza kuyibuyisa le mali ngokuthi asebenzele eli sebe, ngamanye amazwi ke, kuya kufuneka usebenze kweli phondo isithuba seminyaka elingana naleyo uxhaswe ngayo ngezimali.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Izicelo zovula malunga nenyanga yeDwarha kunyaka ongaphambi kwalowo uceba ukufunda kuwo. Izibhengezo ezazisa ngale nkxaso-mali ziya kuvela kumaphepha-ndaba eli phondo afana neDie Burger, iWeekend Argus kwakunye namanye amaphepha-ndaba asekuhlaleni.
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.406.services.27438.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4066.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4070.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4074.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.408.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4086.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4090.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4102.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4110.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4118.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4124.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4130.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4132.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4152.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Long Street, Groot Brakrivier, 6525.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4164.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4170.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4174.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4184.projects.14973.14973.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Iphulo iBambanani Against Crime lijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iiholide zokuphela konyaka zika2004/2005 zikhuselekile ngokuthi landise ukubonakala nokufikeleleka kwamapolisa kwiindawo ezixakekileyo, kuquka iilwandle, oololiwe kwanamaziko aneevenkile.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4184.services.11460.11460.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ukuba ulixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungenzakala ngokwasemphefumlweni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, isikhululo samapolisa yayingeyondawo apho amaxhoba, ingakumbi kulwaphulo-mthetho lobundlobongela, anokuziva ekhululekile xa egqithisa ingxelo yawo kumapolisa, okanye indawo abanokuthi bafumane uncedo lonyango ekonzakaleni ngokwasemphufumlweni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4184.services.11463.11463.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
iChrysalis Academy inikezela ngenkqubo yokuthintelwa kolwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni, ijolise "kulutsha olusemngciphekweni".
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4188.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Siyimbumba norhulumente wedolophu, sabelana ngoxanduva lokuba noomaspala abasebenza ngempumelelo.
La masebe mabini adibene enza isebe elitsha elinye elibizwa ngokuba liSebe looRhulumente boMmandla nezeZindlu ukusukela kumhla 1 ku-Epreli 2005. Eli qumrhu litsha liya kuhlaziywa ngo-Epreli 2005 kwaye ke ngoko siya kucela ukuba usinyamezele malunga nayo nayiphi na idatha engachanekanga eye yondlalwa ephathelele kweli sebe.
Umelwe kukuhlawula malini Fumana ezinye iinkcukacha ngendlela ekusetyenzwa ngayo nokuba unokuqhagamshelana nabani na?
Funda banzi ngemivuzo yamalungu ebhunga njengoko epapashiwe kwiNcwadi yeZibhengezo kaRhulumente.
Unganawo umdla ekuboneni imifanekiso yeminye yale misebenzi, iindaba kwaneenkqubo?
Jonga indlela esisebenza ngayo ngeeNtlekele kweli phondo. Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambili yaye ukuba kukho iintlekele esisebenza ngazo ngoku.
<fn>GOV-ZA.419advancefeefraudandlotteryscam.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ixhoba licelwa ukuba lifake imali kwi-akhawunti yebhanki echaziweyo ukuze kuhlawulwe iindleko zokungenela olu rhwebo.
Yakube ikhutshiwe intlawulo yokuqala, kungavela "ubunzima" obuyakudala imfuneko yenye intlawulo.
Kungabizwa intlanganiso kumazwe athile, kwaye lakuba ixhoba likweli lizwe, ipaspoti yalo iyoxuthwa kwaye liyabanjwa kude kufunyanwe imali eyaneleyo.
Ubutsotsi bongcakazo buqala ngokuthi isikrelemnqa esinobuqhetseba sinxulumane nabantu abachongwe nje ngokungakhethiyo, kudla ngokuba nge-e-mail. Isikrelemnqa esinobuqhetseba sizenza igosa leNkampani yoNgcakazo , kwaye sixelela umntu ukuba uwine ungcakazo apho umntu angazange athenge tikiti khona. Iinombolo eziwinileyo ziyachazwa kwimbalelwano nonxulumano, kwaye nangona nje ingakhona yona le Nkampani esi sikrelemnqa sithi sisuka kuyo, kwaye neenombolo izinombolo eziwinileyo , bubutsotsi obu. Kusetyenziswa iindlela ezifanayo neziya zobutsotsi be 419 ukuze kuxhwithwe imali kweli xhoba lijongiweyo.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi yiya kwiNkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika.
Xela apha kwimiqulu ukuba "Akukho lahleko yemali" okanye "Ikhona ilahleko yemali".
Nika iinkcukacha zakho zonxulumano kunye nenombolo okanye iinombolo zefowuni okanye ezo zaloo mntu okanye abo bantu bachaphazelekayo.
Thumela ikopi yembalelwano ye "419" efunyenweyo, ngefeksi, kuNtsumpa weCandelo loBugebenga boRhwebo leNkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiZiko loMthunywa oMkhulu/kwiNdlu yoZakuzo/kwiZiko loMmeli-Lizwe waseMzantsi Afrika ukuze igqithiselwe kwiNkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika.
Nika iinkcukacha zebhanki.
Xela ukuba "Akukho Lahleko yeMali" okanye "Ikhona iLahleko yeMali".
Nika iinkcukacha zakho zonxulumano kunye nenombolo okanye iinombolo zefowuni okanye ezo zaloo mntu okanye abo bantu bachaphazelekayo.
INkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika yiyo eqingqa ithuba lexesha lokukhutshwa kweengxelo zenkqubela. Ngokubanzi iingxelo zikhutshwa qho emva kweeveki ezimbini, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zenyewe.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Azikho, kodwa kubalulekile uchaze apha kwimiqulu ukubangaba ufumene ilahleko yemali.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4200.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4201.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4202.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4205.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4211.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4221.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4227.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4229.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4233.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4271.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.42842_PeoplesGuidetotheBudgetXhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Imo yezoqoqosho kwilizwe jikelele ikwimeko emaxongo ukodlula iminyaka edlulileyo. Ingcaciso ephuma kwiziko i International Labour Organisation ithi, bangaphaya kwe 18 miliyoni abantu abanokulahlekelwa yimisebenzi kulo nyaka. Eli ziko likwathi, elinani lisenokonyuka ukuba izinto azibingcono. Onke amazwe omhlaba ayachaphazelwa yile ngxaki. Inkcazelo ephuma kumazwe afana ne Melika, iNgilane ne Fransi iyothusa. Umzantsi afrika wona awuchaphazeleki kakhulu yile meko yaye urhulumente uzama ukuba izinto zihlale zikwimeko encumisayo. Kananjalo urhulumente ufuna ukwenza izinto zibe ngcono ukuze akwazi ukuhlala ehlangabezana nemfuno zoluntu jikelele.
Umzantsi afrika ke awahlukanga kwamanye amazwe kuba amandla okukhula kwezo qoqosho aphantsi kakhulu. Nathi sijongene nengxaki yabantu abaphelelwa yimisebenzi yaye abaninzi abakwazi nokubhatala amatyala abo njengesiqhelo. Xa imeko yezoqoqosho ikhula kancinci oorhulumente nabo baqokelela irhafu encinci. Lo nto ke ithetha ukuba urhulumente kufuneka aboleke imali ukuze akwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyakwenza konke afanele ukuba akwenze. Inkcitho karhulumente ngakumbi kwinkonzo ezinceda abantu abasokolayo, nee nkqubo zemisebenzi ka wonke-wonke zisezakuqhubekeka. Urhulumente uzakuchita imali engaphaya kwebhiliyoni eziyi 780 kule minyaka mithathu izayo, esakha izinto ezifana neendlela, imizila yoo loliwe, izindlu nee nkonzo zokuzisa amanzi eluntwini. Singurhulumente-sizaku sebenzisana nemibutho yabasebenzi kunye noo somashishini ukuzama ukugcina izinga lokulahlekelwa kwabantu yimisebenzi liphantsi.
Amazwe amaninzi akakwazi ukuzenza ezi zinto, kanti thina apha emzantsi afrika siyakwazi ukuzikhusela yaye sikhusele nabantu abahluphekayo kuba kwiminyaka engaphambili, ngexesha imeko yethu yezoqoqosho ibintle sayigcina yaye sayiphatha ngendlela encomekayo imali yethu.
Kuzakuba nzima kurhulumente ukuhlangabezana nengxaki zomntu wonke nangona ezama kangangoko anako. Abasebenzi baka rhulumente kufuneka bahlale bekhumbula ukuba, wonke umntu unelungelo kwizinto zase mzantsi afrika. Sonke sinendima esingayidlala ekuqinisekiseni ukuba imali ayimoshwa ngabasebenzi bakarhulumente. Kufuneka sisebenzisane ukuze sikwazi ukuphucula imeko yeli yezoqoqosho.
Bonke abantwana abaneminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu nanga-phantsi abanabazali abamkela imali engaphantsi kwe R2 300 ngenyanga banelungelo lokufumana inkam-nkam.
Enye yezinto ezashiywa lucalucalulo yindlela izixeko ezakhiwe ngayo, ngoba abasebenzi bahlala kude kunendendawo abaxelenga kuzo. Ukuzama ukulungisa oku, urhulumente utyala iibhiliyoni eziliqela ekuphuculeni ezothutho luka wonke-wonke.
Olu tyalo mali luzakunceda ekwakheni imizila yoololiwe, ukuthenga oololiwe abatsha, lwangeze iibhasi, yaye luqinisekise ukuba azikho ezindleleni iitaxi ezingekho mgangathweni.
Olu lwabiwo mali luquka nemali ebekelwe ukuphucula iindlela zasezilalini.
minyaka engaphezulu kwama-shumi amathandathu anesithathu kunye noo mama abaneminyaka engaphezulu kumashumi ama-thandathu nabo bafumana inkam-nkam ukuba bamkela ngaphantsi kwe mali ethile ngenyanga.
Inkqubo ezintsha eziphethwe zicawe, amaziko asekuhlaleni namaziko angafumani mbuyekezo ngomsebenzi wawo.
Urhulumente uzimisele ukudala amathuba emisebenzi engaphaya kwe 400 000 ngonyaka ka 2014 ukuze akwazi ukulwa ukunqaba kwemisebenzi nentlupheko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4305.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4307.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4311.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4321.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4378.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4382.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4390.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4392.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4394.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4403.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4405.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4493.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje...
Oomama bangabelekela kwiikliniki ezisisigxina okanye kumaCandelo okuBelekisa, aqhutywa ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni kubaguli bamaziko ezonyango. Ukuba kuthe kwakho iingxaki ngethuba lokubeleka, baya kuthi bathunyelwe kwisibhedlele esingentla. Oomama abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangazibandakanya nenkonzo Yokuthintelwa Kokudluliselwa Kwentsholongwane Ukusuka Kunina Ukuya Elusaneni 1/1.
Iinkonzo zasemva kokubeleka ziyafumaneka emva kokuba umama nosana lwakhe olusandul' ukuzalwa bekhululwe kwiCandelo lokuBelekisa okanye ekliniki. Oku kusoloko kusenzeka emva kweeyure ezintandathu usana luzelwe ukuba umama nosana basempilweni entle.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
Abantu basetyhini abangafuni kuqhubekeka nokukhulelwa kwabo banokukhetha ukukuphelisa oko kukhulelwa. Ukuqhomfa ungakhange uhlawule nesenti kuyafumaneka kwezinye iikliniki zoMbuso.
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo. Ekliniki, ixhoba eli liya kuthi lihlatywe imibuzo ze linikwe neengcebiso ngumsebenzi wezempilo...
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza. Ukuba kuthe kwafumaniseka iqhuma, uya kuthunyelwa kuphando oluthe xhaxhe, oluya kuhlanganisa imammogram, ukususwa nokuxilongwa kweqhuma elo ukufumanisa ukuba alinabungozi na (alinamhlaza) okanye linobungozi (linomhlaza) na, ze ke umntu lowo aqeqeshelwe...
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonkomama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
Abafazi abayeka ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha elililo (ngaphambi kobudala obungama- 45 eminyaka) okanye abakwixesha lokuyeka kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu ezibagungqisayo, banakho ukufumana uphononongo koogqirha bomama kwakunye nokuxilongwa. Uvavanyo lwencindi lungenziwa ukuze kubekho izigqibo zonyango. Oomama bangacela ingcebiso ukuze bakwazi ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela yonyango iphucukileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4501.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le ncwadana iqulethe izizathu zokuzivavanya amabele rhoqo.
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza. Ukuba kuthe kwafumaniseka iqhuma, uya kuthunyelwa kuphando oluthe xhaxhe, oluya kuhlanganisa imammogram, ukususwa nokuxilongwa kweqhuma elo ukufumanisa ukuba alinabungozi na (alinamhlaza) okanye linobungozi (linomhlaza) na, ze ke umntu lowo aqeqeshelwe...
Eli ke liphetshana elinye elinikezela ngeenkcukacha-manani kwanokugqugqisa komhlaza webele kwakunye nemiba ebeka umntu esichengeni sokuhlaselwa lolu hlobo lomhlaza.
Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Olu xwebhu ke lukhutshelwe oonondaba ngeenjongo zokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweentsilathi kwakunye neendlela ezikhawulezileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ukuze kuthinteleke ezo zisu zingafunwayo, ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo kwakunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonkomama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
Eli ke liphetshana Elinikezela Ingcaciso Ngomhlaza Wesibeleko Kubasebenzi Bononophelo Lwempilo.
Apha ke sichazela amanina abudala buyiminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu ngokuba ziintoni na ezi pap smear, nokuba kufuneka zenziwe nini futhi zisenzelwa ntoni na.
Abantu basetyhini abangafuni kuqhubekeka nokukhulelwa kwabo banokukhetha ukukuphelisa oko kukhulelwa. Ukuqhomfa ungakhange uhlawule nesenti kuyafumaneka kwezinye iikliniki zoMbuso.
Olu xwebhu lungena nzulu ekunikezeleni ngolwazi malunga nokukhutshwa kwezisu kwinqanaba lokuqala lononophelo lwempilo, ekuthunyelweni kumanye amaziko ononophelo lwempilo, ekuqeqeshweni kwabasebenzi bacendelo lezempilo kwakunye nemigaqo yokwenziwa kwale nkqubo.
Inkonzo izama ukunceda omama notata abangafumani bantwana ukuba bakhawule babe nzima. Ingcebiso nolwazi luyanikezelwa mayela neendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo. Imbali yala maqabane iyathatyathwa zize neemvavanyo zenziwe. Kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, unyango lochumiso luyanikezelwa okanye kucetyiswe ngokuchasene nalo.
Abafazi abayeka ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha elililo (ngaphambi kobudala obungama- 45 eminyaka) okanye abakwixesha lokuyeka kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu ezibagungqisayo, banakho ukufumana uphononongo koogqirha bomama kwakunye nokuxilongwa. Uvavanyo lwencindi lungenziwa ukuze kubekho izigqibo zonyango. Oomama bangacela ingcebiso ukuze bakwazi ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela yonyango iphucukileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4536.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo ye-Ofisi kaMongameli kukubonelela ngolawulo olululo nokuxhasa uMongameli noSekela-Mongameli, ukulungiselela ukuba bakwazi ukufezekisa umsebenzi wabo wolawulo ngokuhambelanayo nemimiselo yoMgaqo-siseko.
UMongameli uyiNtloko yoMbuso kwaye nguye okhokela iKhabhinethi. Unyulwa yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe, enyulwa kumalungu ayo, akhokele ilizwe ngokunjalo. UMongameli osezintanjeni kungoku nje nguThabo Mbeki.
UMongamelo utyumba uSekela-Mongameli kumalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe. USekela-Mongameli kufuneka ancedise uMongameli ekuqhubeni imisebenzi yaseburhulumenteni. USekela-Mongameli Unksz Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4536.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo ye-Ofisi kaMongameli kukubonelela ngolawulo olululo nokuxhasa uMongameli noSekela-Mongameli, ukulungiselela ukuba bakwazi ukufezekisa umsebenzi wabo wolawulo ngokuhambelanayo nemimiselo yoMgaqo-siseko.
UMongameli uyiNtloko yoMbuso kwaye nguye okhokela iKhabhinethi. Unyulwa yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe, enyulwa kumalungu ayo, akhokele ilizwe ngokunjalo. UMongameli osezintanjeni kungoku nje nguThabo Mbeki.
UMongamelo utyumba uSekela-Mongameli kumalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe. USekela-Mongameli kufuneka ancedise uMongameli ekuqhubeni imisebenzi yaseburhulumenteni. USekela-Mongameli Unksz Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4548.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukukhokela, liqalise, ze lifezekise izivumelwano zentsebenziswano elizityikitye namanye amazwe kwicandelo lobugcisa nenkcubeko.
Kukuqinisekisa ukumelwa kobugcisa nenkcubeko yoMzantsi Afrika kwiqonga lamazwe ngamazwe.
Kukulawula ubutyebi kwakunye nemicimbi yemiboniso bhanya-bhanya yeli lizwe.
Kukulawula nokuphatha ubugcisa, inkcubeko kwakunye mamaziko elifa lemvelo.
Kukuphuhlisa ubugcisa, inkcubeko kwakunye neminyhadala yelifa lemvelo.
Kukuxhasa amanyathelo abucala emfundo noqeqesho kwezobugcisa.
Kukuxhasa uphuhliso nokufikeleleka kobugcisa.
Kukuxhasa ukugqwesa kwakunye nobuqilima bobugcisa.
Kukukhuthaza intsebenziswano nokusekwa kwamatyathanga oqhagamshelwano kweli lifa lemveli loMzantsi Afrika lityebe kangaka.
Kukuqokelela ze kulondolozwe ilifa lemveli elikoovimba besizwe, ze futhi kuqinisekiswe ulawulo nononophelo olululo lwamaxwebhu karhulumente.
Kukunikezela ngeenkonzo zokugcina imbali.
Kukuphuhlisa amaziko obugcisa ngentsebenziswano namashishini abucala.
Kukunikezela ngeenkonzo zokuguqulela kwezinye iilwimi nezokuhlela kumasebe karhulumente wesizwe.
Kukuphakamisa iilwimi zemveli.
Kukunikezela ngeenkonzo zocwangciso lweelwimi kwakunye nezesigama.
Kukuqinisekisa umgangatho womsebenzi kwakunye nokunikezela ngeengcebiso ngokusetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kwamagama eendawo.
Kukulawula nempatho karhulumente kumathala eencwadi esizwe, iincwadi nolwazi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4554.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe lezoQhagamshelwano kukuqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo nokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinkonzo zoqhagamshelwano ngomnxeba, ezeeposi nosasazo.
kwiqumrhu loMzantsi Afrika elijongene namajelo eendaba asebenza ngezilektronika, i-National Electronic Media Institution of South Africa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4562.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
linyanzelise izigwebo eziwiswe ziinkundla ligcine amabanjwa ngokukhuselekileyo likhuthaze wonke amabanjwa nabo baphantsi kwesigwebo sokolulekwa luluntu ekubeni asebenzele uluntu aphuhliseke ngokunjalo.
Owona msebenzi ungudoqo weli Sebe kukugcina abaphuli-mthetho ngendlela ekhuselekileyo libabeke neliso ngokunjalo. Liqhuba iinkqubo zokulawula iingxaki ezinokuvela ngokubhekiselele kubophuli-mthetho kwaye liyawamkela umbono omalunga nobuntu namalungelo abantu ngokubhekiselele kubo bonke ababandakanyekayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4568.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lezoKhuselo liqumrhu elisekelezwe kwiingxaki ezingekaveli nelinegunya elisekelezwe kwilungelo eliphambili lesizwe ngasinye lokuzikhusela kuhlaselo, likhusele nokuzimela kwalo ngokunjalo. Elo gunya limiliselwe kuMgaqo-siseko laphinda lachazwa nakuMthetho wezoKhuselo.
Eyona njongo iphambili yeSANDF kukukhusela ilizwe nabantu boMzantsi Afrika ngokwemimiselo yemithetho yezizwe ngezizwe.
ikhusele eli lizwe, ukuze kukhuseleke ukuzimela kwalo kunye nomhlaba elikuwo.
ithobele izinyanzeliso zeli lizwe ezimalunga nezizwe ngezizwe ngokubhekiselele kumaqumrhu amanye amazwe neminye imibuso.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4575.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lezeMfundo linenjongo yokuphuhlisa nokujongana neenkqubo zaseMzantsi Afrika zemfundo noqeqesho.
nokuqulunqwa kwezicwangciso zemigaqo-nkqubo nemithetho ekusekelezwe kuzo iinkqubo zemfundo noqeqesho nokusungula, ukuvavanya, ukuhlaziya nokuqhuba uphando ngayo yonke imiba yeenkqubo zemfundo noqeqesho nokusungula kunye nokulawula iinkqubo ezikhokelela kuqulunqo lwemigaqo-nkqubo nemithetho nokuxhasa amaphondo namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo nokubeka iliso kwanokwenza iingxelo ngokusungulwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo, imigaqo nemimiselo; kuhlolwe igalelo lezo zinto kwintsulungeko yeenkqubo zemfundo kuchongwe okusilelayo ngokunjalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4581.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
kukhuthazwe uphuhliso olungaphelendawo, ukusetyenziswa nokukhuselwa kwezinto zethu zendalo nenkcubeko.
kumiselwe iinkqubo zokhenketho ezinengqiqo neziqinisekisa uzinzo kwezisingqongileyo nezinegalelo ekudalweni kwemisebenzi nomgangatho ongcono wobomi.
ululolonga izakhono, amava kunye nolwazi ngokungqonge bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika.
kusetyenziswane nabo bonke abachaphazelekayo namacandelo aseburhulumenteni ngokomoya wolawulo ololulo.
kuqinisekiswe ukuba konke ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwezizwe ngezizwe kuqhutywa ngokwemigaqo-nkqubo nemimiselo yoMzantsi Afrika.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4581.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe leMicimbi yezokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho kukukhokela ulawulo lokusingqongileyo nokhenketho ngokweminqweno yophuhliso olungaphelendawo, kusenzelwa wonke ubani, ngokuthi kukhuthazwe uphuhliso olungaphelendawo, ukusetyenziswa nokukhuselwa kwezinto zethu zendalo nenkcubeko.
kumiselwe iinkqubo zokhenketho ezinengqiqo neziqinisekisa uzinzo kwezisingqongileyo nezinegalelo ekudalweni kwemisebenzi nomgangatho ongcono wobomi.
ululolonga izakhono, amava kunye nolwazi ngokungqonge bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika.
ukunyanzelisa ukufikeleka ngokobulungisa kwinzuzo efumaneka kwizinto zethu zendalo nenkcubeko ukuxhobisa abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngamandla, uluntu namaqumrhu ngokunjalo, oko kusenziwa ngokubambisana, iinkqubo zophando neenkonzo zengcaciso kusetyenziswane nabo bonke abachaphazelekayo namacandelo aseburhulumenteni ngokomoya wolawulo ololulo.
kuqinisekiswe ukuba konke ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwezizwe ngezizwe kuqhutywa ngokwemigaqo-nkqubo nemimiselo yoMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4587.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Lemicimbi Ynagaphandle lijongene nokuqulunqwa, ukulungelelaniswa, ukusungulwa kwanokulawulwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yoMzantsi Afrika emalunga nobudlelwane namanye amazwe kwihlabathi liphela.
Unxibelelwano noorhulumente bamanye amazwe ngemiba luqhutywa ngoMphathiswa weMicimbi yaNgaphandle okanye ngabameli abavunyiweyo beSebe leMicimbi yaNgaphandle nabangaphandle kweli lizwe. ISebe Lemicimbi Yangaphandle lijongene nokusetyenziswa nokuqhutywa kwayo yonke imiba emalunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yoMzantsi Afrika emalunga nemicimbi yangaphandle njengoko loo migaqo-nkqubo ibekwe emagxeni oMphathiswa nguMongameli.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4600.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
IPalamente ingazinyaswa nguye wonke ubani.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe inamalungu abalelwa kuma-350 ukuya kuma-400, malungu lawo angamalungu akhethwe ngabantu ukuze abamele. Kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokumelwa ngokwenani leevoti, nto leyo ithetha ukuba inani lamalungu epalamente aphuma kwiqela lopolitiko ngalinye libalwe ngokomliganiselo omele inani leevoti ezizuzwe liqela elo xa bekuqhutywa unyulo lwabameli besizwe. INdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe inyulelwa ukusebenza iminyaka emihlanu kwaye ichotshelwa nguSomlomo kunye noSekela-Somlomo.
ukunyula uMongameli ukuxoxa nokuqhuba iingxoxo-mpikiswano ngemiba ethile, oko ikwenzela esidlangalaleni.
I-NCOP (IBhunga lamaPhondo eSizwe) linamalungu angama-54 asisigxina nabathunywa ababodwa abangama-36 (abameli abali-10 bephondo ngalinye). Eli bhunga limela iminqweno yamaphondo kuburhulumente besizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4612.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4616.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4621.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4628.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.46328.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo senkonzo yokuthunyelwa kweposi yabucala yeshishini, nceda ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo elikwi-website ye-Ofisi Yeposi, ulikhuphe ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeposi ekufutshane nawe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.46330.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Inkonzo yabucala yokuthunyelwa kweposi yenzelwe abantu namakhaya.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo sale nkonzo yabucala yokuthunyelwa kweposi, nceda ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo kwakule website, ulikhuphe ze ulifake kwi-ofisi yeposi ekufutshane nawe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.46373.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Isixhobo sokukhangela sikuvumela ukuba ufake igama lendawo okanye ikhowudi yeposi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4648.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
liqinisekise ukufikeleleka kokutya okwaneleyo, okungenangozi nokunesondlo ukuphelisa idolo nokungabikho bulungisa kwiinkqubo zolimo liwuphakamise kangangoko umgangatho wendyebo, ingqesho kunye nengeniso yezolimo, liphucule iindlela ezingatshitshiyo zolawulo lwezilinywa zendalo kunye neenkqubo zokunxibelelana kwendalo liqinisekise ukubakho kweendlela zolawulo ezineziphumo ezizizo nezisebenza kakuhle.
liqinisekise ukulawulwa ngendlela kolwazi nengcaciso.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4648.services.11429.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Icandelwana leeNkonzo zoNyango lweZilwanyana kwiSebe lezoLimo linikezela ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo kumamafama ekukho kuzo nezi zilandelayo:iinkonzo zempilo yezilwanyana, iinkonzo zokuphawulwa kwemfuyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kulandelwa imigangatho yezempilo efanelekileyo xa kuxhelwa izilwanyana, ulawulo lweentengiso neentengo kwamanye amazwe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.46509.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ungazikhangela iipasile oziposileyo kwi-internet usebenzisa inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yiNkqubo Yokukhangela Iipasile Zeposi yeCandelo Leeposi zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Inkonzo yabucala yokuthunyelwa kweposi yenzelwe abantu namakhaya.
Ungayihlaziya ibhokisi yakho yeposi rhoqo ngonyaka okanye yeposi yabucala oyiqeshayo ngokusebenzisa indlela ekhuselekileyo yokuhlawula ye-Ofisi Yeposi yoMzantsi Afrika kwi-internet.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.46640.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Ungazikhangela iipasile oziposileyo kwi-internet usebenzisa inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yiNkqubo Yokukhangela Iipasile Zeposi yeCandelo Leeposi zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Inkonzo yabucala yokuthunyelwa kweposi yenzelwe abantu namakhaya.
Ungayihlaziya ibhokisi yakho yeposi rhoqo ngonyaka okanye yeposi yabucala oyiqeshayo ngokusebenzisa indlela ekhuselekileyo yokuhlawula ye-Ofisi Yeposi yoMzantsi Afrika kwi-internet.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.46723.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4674.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4678.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4686.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4688.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4699.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4701.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4713.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4715.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4729.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umbono weSebe lezeMpilo ngowokudala uluntu olunenkathalo nobuntu, apho bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika bathi babenako ukufikelela kuncedo lwezempilo olufikelelekayo ngokwamaxabiso, oluntsulungeko incomekayo.
yokulungelelanisa nokwakhela phezu kwempumemelo yeminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo ukuze liphucule ukufikeleleka kweenkonzo zempilo kuphungulwe nokungalingani.
yokugxininisa kubambiswano nabanye ababandakanyekayo ukuze kuphuculwe intsulungeko yonyango kuwo wonke amanqanaba enkqubo yezempilo, ngokukodwa kwiinkqubo zothintelo-zifo neenkqubo zempilo.
yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokubonelela ngonyango.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4743.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4748.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.47522.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lePhondo leeNkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwetlupheko incwadana nee-NPO ngezimali ngelixa iSebe leSizwe loPhuhliso Loluntu lona liqinisekisa ukuba zonke ii-NPO zibhalisiwe.
Umbutho ongajonge ngeniso(NPO) ungabhaliswa kubalawuli beeNPO kwiSebe leSizwe Lophuhliso Loluntu. I-NPO ingayingxowa-mali, inkampani okanye nayiphi imbumba yabantu, ejonge ekunikezeleni ngeenkonzo kuluntu hayi njengombutho wabucala, futhi engasebenzi ngazinjongo zakuzuza ngeniso. (Ukungajongi ngeniso kuthetha ukuba -impahla okanye ingeniso yeNPO akuhlawulwa ngayo abaphathi bayo, ngaphandle kwaxa beyinikwa njengentlawulo yomsebenzi owenziweyo okanye iinkonzo ezinikezelweyo.
Nawo nawuphi umbutho ongenzelwanga zinjongo zakufumana ngeniso.
Kukho uthotho lwemibutho engajonge ngeniso esele ibhalisiwe eNtshona Koloni. Ukubhaliswa kwe-NPO akusosinyanzelo kodwa kukuzithandela. Ukubhalisa kuyenza iNPO izive iphila ngokusemthethweni, futhi izicelo zoncedo-mali, ezithunyelwa kurhulumente okanye eminye imibutho yenkxaso-mali, ingayinceda ngempumelelo loo NPO ukuba ibhalisiwe.
Kungenjalo, ukubhaliswa kwe-NPO kuhamba nemisebenzi ekufuneka yenziwe yiloo-NPO, efana nokungenisa iinkcukacha zezimali zonyaka kwaneengxelo zezimali kuBalawuli, kwanokuhlonela indlela yokusebenza kakuhle.
ISebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko libonelela ngoncedo-mali kwanenkxaso-mali yeenkqubo kwii-NPO ezinikezela ngeenkonzo zentlalo-ntle eziphuhlisayo. Nayiphi na iNPO ingasifaka isicelo sale nkxaso-mali. I-NPO ikwindawo entle kwisicelo sayo sezimali ukuba iinkonzo zayo zihambelana noMgaqo-nkqubo Wophuhliso Lwentlalo-ntle Yoluntu weli Sebe.
Akuhlawuli nesenti ukubhalisa Inpo. Zii-NPO ezinemigaqo-siseko okanye nje ezinye iimpepha ezichaza izizathu zokusekwa kwaloo NPO kuphela ezinokubhaliswa. ISebe leSizwe likhuphe umzekelo womgaqo-siseko onokuysetyenziswa.
Ukubhalisa iNPO, kufuneka ufake iphetshana lesicelo kunye neekopi ezimbini zeempepha zokusekwa kwe-NPO yakho (umgaqo-siseko okanye iphepha lezizathu zobukho baloo mbutho kwanamanqaku embumba yenu).
Isicelo sokubhaliswa kwe-NPO yakho siya kuthabatha malunga neenyanga ezimbini. Kungenjalo, ekufunyanweni kwesicelo sakho, incwadana yembalelwano eqinisekisa ukuba sifunyenwe iya kuthunyelwa kuwe. Isiqinisekiso sokubhaliswa siyalandela ukuba isicelo eso sibe yimpumelelo. Ungakwazi ukufaka isibheno ukuba isicelo sakho asiphumelelanga.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.47522.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho uthotho lwemibutho engajonge ngeniso esele ibhalisiwe eNtshona Koloni. Ukubhaliswa kwe-NPO akusosinyanzelo kodwa kukuzithandela. Ukubhalisa kuyenza iNPO izive iphila ngokusemthethweni, futhi izicelo zoncedo-mali, ezithunyelwa kurhulumente okanye eminye imibutho yenkxaso-mali, ingayinceda ngempumelelo loo NPO ukuba ibhalisiwe.
Kungenjalo, ukubhaliswa kwe-NPO kuhamba nemisebenzi ekufuneka yenziwe yiloo-NPO, efana nokungenisa iinkcukacha zezimali zonyaka kwaneengxelo zezimali kuBalawuli, kwanokuhlonela indlela yokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukubhalisa iNPO, kufuneka ufake iphetshana lesicelo kunye neekopi ezimbini zeempepha zokusekwa kwe-NPO yakho (umgaqo-siseko okanye iphepha lezizathu zobukho baloo mbutho kwanamanqaku embumba yenu).
Isicelo sokubhaliswa kwe-NPO yakho siya kuthabatha malunga neenyanga ezimbini. Kungenjalo, ekufunyanweni kwesicelo sakho, incwadana yembalelwano eqinisekisa ukuba sifunyenwe iya kuthunyelwa kuwe. Isiqinisekiso sokubhaliswa siyalandela ukuba isicelo eso sibe yimpumelelo. Ungakwazi ukufaka isibheno ukuba isicelo sakho asiphumelelanga.
<fn>GOV-ZA.47547.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko ligcina, lincede ngezimali ze libe liliso kuMakhaya Abantwana. Onke Amakhaya Abantwana athatha abantwana abalahliweyo kwanabo bantwana abadinga unonophelo.
Abantwna bathi ngokwesiqhelo bafakwe kuMakhaya Abantwana ngoonontlalo-ntle abasebenza kwimibutho yentlalo-ntle. Kuqala kwenziwe uphando ngeemeko lo mntwana aphila phantsi kwazo, ze anikezelwe ke komnye umzali ukuba amgcine iminyaka emibini okanyeanikezelwe kubanye abazali ukuba bamkhulise njengowabo ukuba ukubuyiselwa kubazali bakhe kufunyaniswe iyinto engekabi nakwenzeka. INtshona Koloni inentlaninge yaMakhaya Abantwana abhalisiweyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.47566.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho intaphane yamakhaya amakhosikazi abephethwe gadalala eNtshona Koloni abhaliswe neSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa. Amakhosikazi adinga ukhuseleko angaqhagamshelana nekhaya elo ngqo, okanye acele unontlalo-ntle kwi-ofisi yesithili yeli sebe ekufutshane nawo okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa ngoncedo lokuqhagamshelana nendawo yokuhlala. Amakhosikazi akuloo meko kufuneka anike ingqwalasela ukufaka isicelo somylalelo wokhuseleko. Amakhosikazi aphethwe gadalala ngabantu abazinikele kwiziyobisi banokunika ingqwalasela ukufaka isicelo sokuba abo bantu bawaphethe kakubi bagcinwe kwiziko lonyango lwamaxhoba eziyobisi. Ukuba lo mntu uphethe gadalala inkosikazi ethile kuyaziwa ukuba unompu osemthethweni, isicelo sokuba loo mpu uhluthwe naso singaqwalaselwa.
Qhagamshelana okanye uye kwindawo yokhlala ngqo, okanye ucele uncedo lokuba ungafikelela njani na kweyona ofisi yesithili yeli sebe ekufutshane nawe okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.47574.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho intaphane yamakhaya afumana uncedo lwezimali kumbuso apha eNtshona Koloni.
Isebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko linakho ukunceda ekuhlawulweni kweentlawulo zendawo yokuhlala yabantu ababuthathaka kakhulu nabadinga uncedo.
Nabani na onakho ukumelana neentlawulo ezipheleleyo zokuhlala angasifaka isicelo sendawo yokuhlala kwelinye lala makhaya.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo sendawo yokuhlala kwikhaya labantu abadala, kufuneka ufake isicelo kwikhaya elo ngqo, kuba kaloku ikhaya ngalinye lineemfuno neentlawulo zalo. Isebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko lijongisisa abafaki-zicelo futhi liya kunikezela ngoncedo lwezimali kwabo babuthathaka kakhulu okanye bakhubazeke kakhulu futhi badinga uncedo. Isigqibo sokugqibela ngokwamkelwa komntu senziwa ngumbutho olawula elo khaya. Abo bangaludingiyo uncedo lwezimali ngokuhlala kwabo basenokuzifaka nabo izicelo zabo ngqo kumakhaya lawo. Kuxhomekeke kubalawuli bekhaya elo ukufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba amkelwe na okanye angamkelwa umntu othile.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.47574.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho intaphane yamakhaya afumana uncedo lwezimali kumbuso apha eNtshona Koloni.
Isebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko linakho ukunceda ekuhlawulweni kweentlawulo zendawo yokuhlala yabantu ababuthathaka kakhulu nabadinga uncedo.
Nabani na onakho ukumelana neentlawulo ezipheleleyo zokuhlala angasifaka isicelo sendawo yokuhlala kwelinye lala makhaya.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo sendawo yokuhlala kwikhaya labantu abadala, kufuneka ufake isicelo kwikhaya elo ngqo, kuba kaloku ikhaya ngalinye lineemfuno neentlawulo zalo. Isebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko lijongisisa abafaki-zicelo futhi liya kunikezela ngoncedo lwezimali kwabo babuthathaka kakhulu okanye bakhubazeke kakhulu futhi badinga uncedo. Isigqibo sokugqibela ngokwamkelwa komntu senziwa ngumbutho olawula elo khaya. Abo bangaludingiyo uncedo lwezimali ngokuhlala kwabo basenokuzifaka nabo izicelo zabo ngqo kumakhaya lawo. Kuxhomekeke kubalawuli bekhaya elo ukufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba amkelwe na okanye angamkelwa umntu othile.
<fn>GOV-ZA.47578.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Oku kucacisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoncedo-mali onokulufumana kurhulumente, kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo. Ungazifumana iinkxaso-mali zoluntu, izibonelelo zokungaphangeli, imbuyekezo kwiingozi ezivele kwindawo yokusebenzela kunye nembuyekezo kwiingozi zeendlela.
<fn>GOV-ZA.47589.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Z &gt Zintoni Iinkomfa Zeembumba Zeentsapho?
Zintoni Iinkomfa Zeembumba Zeentsapho?
IiNkomfa Zeembumba Zeentsapho zezinye zeendlela zobulungisa obubuyisela kwisimo esamkelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela abaphuli-mthetho abaselula eluntwini. Esi sicatshulwa sifutshane sicacisa ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe ukuba ziintoni na iinkomfa zeembumba zeentsapho nokuba zisebenza njani.
Inkomfa yembumba yeentsapho yindlela yobulungisa obubuyisela kwisimo esamkelekileyo esetyenziswa ziintsapho noluntu ekuhlaleni ukuzibandakanya ekufikeleleni kwizigqibo ngabantwana abatyholwa ngezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Inkomfa yembumba yeentsapho ijolise kwizisombululo zeempixano ezingumvuka weentshukumo zothetha-thethwano. Yenzelwe ukunyanga ukungabikho mpilweni kobudlelwane phakathi koluntu okudalwa lulwaphulo-mthetho olugqugqisayo.
Inyathelo lokuqala kukuba umntwana kufuneka alwamkele uxanduva olungunobangela weentshukumo zakhe. Inkomfa yembumba yeentsapho ngokwayo ngumhlangano wabo bonke abantu abadlala indima ebalulekileyo ebomini bomntwana, kwanexhoba nabantu abanika inkxaso kwixhoba elo. Eyona njongo yale nkomfa kukuza nesicwangciso seyona ndlela inokulungisa umonakalo owenziwe ngaba bantwana. Bonke abantu abathabatha inxaxheba kule nkomfa bavumelana ngesiphumo abasilindeleyo. Abathabathi-nxaxheba bangavumelana, umzekelo, ekubeni umntwana lowo kufuneka angxengxeze, okanye abuyise impahla leyo ibiweyo.
Ukwenziwa kwale nkomfa kuthatyathwa njengeyona nto ibalungeleyo abaphuli-mthetho abaselula, nanjengoko ikwavumela ukungenelela kwangexesha kwinto ebinokusele iba kukuzinikela kwimpilo yolwaphulo-mthetho. Abantwana bangenziwa bazive benoxanduva futhi bengenakuyivumela imeko ethile, nto leyo iquka ukubenza bazive behlazekile ziintshukumo zabo, njengoko iingqondo zabo zisathambile futhi nabo besakhula, futhi le nkqubo ibandakanya abantu abasondeleyo kubo abafana nabazali babo kwakunye neentsapho zabo.
Apha eMzantsi Afrika, iNICRO yaqala ngokuza nalo mbono wokususwa ngokupheleleyo kwabantwana kwinkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho eqhutywa ziinkundla zamatyala ngonyaka ka-1992, kusetyenziswa iindlela namabinzana obulungisa bokubuyisela abaphuli-mthetho eluntwini. Ngonyaka ka-1995, iKomiti Yabaphathiswa Engolutsha Olusemngciphekweni yamisela inkomfa esahlalutywayo yembumba yeetsapho ePitoli.
UMthetho Osayilwayo Ongobulungisa Kubantwana ubonelela ngenyathelo lenkomfa yembumba yeentsapho ukuba libe yindlela enokukhethwa yokugweba. Ngokwemigaqo yalo mthetho usayilwayo inkundla ingaqinisekisa, isuse okanye ilungise isiphakamiso esiphuma kwinkomfa yembumba yeentsapho. Ukuba inkundla ayisiqinisekisi eso siphakamiso, kufuneka ichaze izizathu zoko. Ukuba umntwana uthe akayithobela imiqathango yesiphakamiso njengoko iqinisekisiwe yinkundla, igosa lengqawule kufuneka lazise inkundla, futhi ke isigunyaziso sokubanjwa kuvalelwe umntwana lowo singakhutshwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.47596.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Lo mqulwana ke unika inkcazelo ngendlela yokubhalisa umbutho ongekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente okanye umbutho ongajonge ngeniso.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4765.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe leMicimbi yeKhaya kukukhusela nokulawula iminqweno yabemi boMzantsi Afrika ngokubhekiselele kubume babo, ububona kunye namalungelo namagunya athile. Lilo elikhupha nelilawula uninzi lwamaxwebhu afunwa ngabemi, maxwebhu lawo afana nesatifiketi sokuzalwa, iincwadi-zazisi kunye nezatifikethi zomtshato.
Eli Sebe likwabonelela abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngentlaninge yeenkonzo, kanti nabemi bamanye amazwe abanqwenela ukundwendwela okanye ukuhlala kweli lizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11525.17385.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho emva nje kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu kwenzikile oko.
Xa ubhalisa umntwana, uya kufumana isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa esishwankathelweyo simahla.
Ukuba utshatile, umntwana uya kubhaliswa ngegama likayise. Kodwa ke, ukuba akutshatanga, umntwana angabhaliswa ngegama likayise okanye likanina.
Qwalasela: Akuyomfuneko ukubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, ukuba umntwana uzelwe engasaphili.
Ukuze ubhalise umntwana wakho, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa komntwana elingu-BI-24 ze ulingenise kweyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe. Eli phetshana liqulethe inkcazo ngomntwana lowo (isini, njalo-njalo) kwakunye negama nefani yomntwana. Abazali kufuneka beze neencwadana zabo zezazisi ndawonye nesiqinisekiso sasesibhedlele okanye ikhadi laseklinikhi lomntwana.
Ukuba akukhange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuqala ezelwe umntwana, kodwa umntwana usengaphantsi konyaka ubudala, kufuneka ugcwalise ipetshana lokubhaliswa komntwana u-BI-24, ze ucacise futhi ukuba kutheni ungazange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku nje ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe umntwana lowo.
Ukuba umntwana ungaphezulu konyaka kodwa usengaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakhe u-BI-24/1 ze ulingenise ndawonye nezizathu ezibhaliweyo ezichaza ukuba kutheni engazange abhaliswe kwiintsuku zokuqala ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe nje.
Iintetho neziqinisekiso ezifungelweyo zabazali okanye ke, kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, ezisuka kwisizalwane esisondeleyo ngokuzalana nomntwana lo, sizalwane eso simshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubuncinci umntwana lowo, esiya kuqinisekisa iinkcukacha nobume bakhe.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa apho umntwana wazalelwa khona, esityikitywe ngumntu ophetheyo futhi esiqulethe istampu seziko elo.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zomntwana njengoko zikho kwiincwadi zesikolo sakhe.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa komntwana.
Ikhadi lomntwana laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela umntwana aqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba ungaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala futhi awuzange ubhaliswe emva kokuzalwa, isicelo sokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakho kufuneka sikhaphe isicelo sakho seNcwadana Yesazisi. Kufuneka ungenise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-24/15 ndawonye no-BI-9 (oliphetshana lokufaka isicelo sencwadana yesazisi).
Iziqinisekiso neentetho ezifungelweyo ezisuka kubazali, ze kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, isizalwane esisondeleyo nesimshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubudala umntwana lowo ubuncinci, kufuneka ziqinisekise iinkcukacha nobume bomntwana.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa owazalelwa kulo, esityikitywe ngumntu ophethe apho nesiqulethe istampu esisesikweni selo ziko.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zakho njengoko zibonakala kwiimpepha zesikolo sakho sokuqala. Isiqinisekiso esi kufuneka sibonakale kwiphepha elinophawu olusesikweni lwesikolo esi, sityikitywe yinqununu yesikolo, futhi siqulathe istampu esisesikweni sesi sikolo.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa kwakho.
Ikhadi lakho laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela oqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uzelelwe ngaphandle kwemida yoMzantsi Afrika kodwa omnye wabazali abe engummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungatyelela iziko loonozaku-zaku okanye labathunywa boMzantsi Afrika elikwelo lizwe ukuze ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana lowo.
nephetshana u-BI-529 Elinemibuzo Ngobuzwe Nobumi bakho isiqinisekiso esiqinisekisiweyo sokuzalelwa komntwana wakho kwelo lizwe nesiqulethe iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo zabazali bakhe kwimeko apho umntwana angaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka nangaphezulu ubudala, iphetshana lesicelo sokubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, kudingeka ugcwalise u-BI-9, oliphetshana lesicelo sencwadana yesazisi.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, tyelela iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya okanye uqhagamshelane neyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe.
Akukho ntlawulo idingekayo xa ubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11525.17385.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho emva nje kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu kwenzikile oko.
Xa ubhalisa umntwana, uya kufumana isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa esishwankathelweyo simahla.
Ukuba utshatile, umntwana uya kubhaliswa ngegama likayise. Kodwa ke, ukuba akutshatanga, umntwana angabhaliswa ngegama likayise okanye likanina.
Qwalasela: Akuyomfuneko ukubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, ukuba umntwana uzelwe engasaphili.
Ukuze ubhalise umntwana wakho, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa komntwana elingu-BI-24 ze ulingenise kweyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe. Eli phetshana liqulethe inkcazo ngomntwana lowo (isini, njalo-njalo) kwakunye negama nefani yomntwana. Abazali kufuneka beze neencwadana zabo zezazisi ndawonye nesiqinisekiso sasesibhedlele okanye ikhadi laseklinikhi lomntwana.
Ukuba akukhange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuqala ezelwe umntwana, kodwa umntwana usengaphantsi konyaka ubudala, kufuneka ugcwalise ipetshana lokubhaliswa komntwana u-BI-24, ze ucacise futhi ukuba kutheni ungazange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku nje ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe umntwana lowo.
Ukuba umntwana ungaphezulu konyaka kodwa usengaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakhe u-BI-24/1 ze ulingenise ndawonye nezizathu ezibhaliweyo ezichaza ukuba kutheni engazange abhaliswe kwiintsuku zokuqala ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe nje.
Iintetho neziqinisekiso ezifungelweyo zabazali okanye ke, kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, ezisuka kwisizalwane esisondeleyo ngokuzalana nomntwana lo, sizalwane eso simshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubuncinci umntwana lowo, esiya kuqinisekisa iinkcukacha nobume bakhe.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa apho umntwana wazalelwa khona, esityikitywe ngumntu ophetheyo futhi esiqulethe istampu seziko elo.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zomntwana njengoko zikho kwiincwadi zesikolo sakhe.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa komntwana.
Kwimeko yabantwana abalahlwe ngabazali, ingxelo esuka kunontlalo-ntle.
Ikhadi lomntwana laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela umntwana aqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba ungaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala futhi awuzange ubhaliswe emva kokuzalwa, isicelo sokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakho kufuneka sikhaphe isicelo sakho seNcwadana Yesazisi. Kufuneka ungenise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-24/15 ndawonye no-BI-9 (oliphetshana lokufaka isicelo sencwadana yesazisi).
Iziqinisekiso neentetho ezifungelweyo ezisuka kubazali, ze kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, isizalwane esisondeleyo nesimshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubudala umntwana lowo ubuncinci, kufuneka ziqinisekise iinkcukacha nobume bomntwana.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa owazalelwa kulo, esityikitywe ngumntu ophethe apho nesiqulethe istampu esisesikweni selo ziko.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zakho njengoko zibonakala kwiimpepha zesikolo sakho sokuqala. Isiqinisekiso esi kufuneka sibonakale kwiphepha elinophawu olusesikweni lwesikolo esi, sityikitywe yinqununu yesikolo, futhi siqulathe istampu esisesikweni sesi sikolo.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa kwakho.
Kwimeko apho umntwana alahlwe ngabazali, ingxelo esuka kunontlalo-ntle.
Ikhadi lakho laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela oqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uzelelwe ngaphandle kwemida yoMzantsi Afrika kodwa omnye wabazali abe engummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungatyelela iziko loonozaku-zaku okanye labathunywa boMzantsi Afrika elikwelo lizwe ukuze ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana lowo.
kwimeko apho umntwana angaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka nangaphezulu ubudala, iphetshana lesicelo sokubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, kudingeka ugcwalise u-BI-9, oliphetshana lesicelo sencwadana yesazisi.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, tyelela iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya okanye uqhagamshelane neyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe.
Akukho ntlawulo idingekayo xa ubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11525.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Kufuneka ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho emva nje kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu kwenzikile oko.
Iphetshana elisisiqinisekiso sokuzalwa linikezelwa xa umntwana ebhalisiwe kuMbuso wezwe. Liqulethe iinkcukacha zomntwana yaye liyafuneka njengesiqinisekiso sokuzazisa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11530.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Isebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ineengcingo zomnxeba ukunceda abantu abafuna ezinye iinkcukacha ngokufudukela kweli okanye okanye abanemibuzo ngoMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezisuka kwiSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, ungaqhagamshelana noCingo lweSebe olungu: 0800 60 11 90.
Incwadi Yesazisi yincwadi yaseburhulumenteni esetyenziselwa ukuzazisa. Ilizwe ngalinye kufuneka likwazi ukubazi abemi balo. Amaziko abucala nakawonke-wonke nawo afuna ubungqina bokuba ungulo mntu uthi unguye(umzekelo, ukwenzela ukubhankisha nokuvota).
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika banamalungelo athile abathi abo bangengobemi beli bangabi nawo. Umzekelo, ilungelo:lokuvota, lokunikwa incwadana yokundwendwela, lokubuyela eMzantsi Afrika emva kokuhlala kwenye indawo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11531.17710.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Phambi kokuba ungene eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yexeshana. Kwizibuko lokungena, incwadana leyo iya kuthathwa ze wena unikwe iphepha-mvume lokuhlala kweli ixeshana elixela ukuba unokuhlala ixesha elingakanani yaye ngasiphi na isizathu. Kufuneka ufake izicelo ezixela izizathu zondwendwe lwakho, phambi kokuba uze kweli lizwe.
imvume yeendwendwe - yeyabantu abandwendwela uMzantsi Afrika imvume yezozakuzo - eyenzelwe oonozakuzaku imvume yokufunda- yenzelwe abantu abafuna ukufunda eMzantsi Afrika imvume yothetha-thethwano - iimvume zokuhlala okwethutyana ezenzelwe abantu ekufuneka bekweli ngenxa yesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe imvume yoshishino - eyenzelwe abantu abafuna ukurhweba okanye bathenge ishishini eMzantsi Afrika imvume yabasebenzi benqanawa - eyenzelwe abasebenzi beenqanawa imvume yokufumana unyango - imvume yeenyanga ezintathu yabantu abafuna unyango eMzantsi Afrika imvume yezizalwane - eyenzelwe abantu abanezizalwane eziseMzantsi Afrika imvume yomntu osethathe umhla-phantsi - eyenzelwe abantu abanengeniso eqingqiweyo yomhlala-phantsi kwilizwe labo lokuzalwa imvume yotshintsho - eyenzelwe abantu abathatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zotshintshiselwano ngenkcubeko, ezoqoqosho kwakunye nezoluntu jikelele.
Awuvumelekanga ukuba ufunde ngemvume yokuphangela, okanye uphangele ngeyokufunda.
Awunakungena kweli lizwe de ufumane imvume encanyathiselwe kwincwadana yakho yokundwendwela, ngaphandle kokuba sele unayo imvume futhi ufuna ukuyitshintshela kwenye.
Izicelo zeemvume zilawulwa nguMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Isebe eli liyazivumela izicelo zeemvume zokuphangela ezixhonywe ekubeni ukho na okanye hayi ummi weli onokufakwa kweso sithuba somsebenzi sikhoyo. Ukuba ukho, ambalwa amathuba okuba isicelo eso siphumelele.
Isebe eli sele lizivumela izicelo zeemvume zokuphangela kwabasebenzi abangundoqo (umzekelo igosa lolawulo eliyintloko) yeenkampani zamanye amazwe ezirhweba eMzantsi Afrika.
Umthetho Wokufudukela Kweli wazise ngendlela yeemvume zokusebenza ngezabelo.
Sifakwa njani isicelo semvume yokusebenza?
Sifakwa njani isicelo semvume yokufunda?
Kufuneka ufake iphetshana lesicelo uBI-159 kummeli wozakuzo womzantsi Afrika kwilizwe osoloko uhlala kulo okanye ilizwe onencwadana yalo yokundwendwela.
Ungasifaka isicelo nakwigqwetha okanye umthunywa waseMzantsi Afrika onamandla okukusebenzela njengegqwetha.
sisibonelelo esiluqilima somsebenzi incwadi esuka kulowo uza kukuqesha exela usuku esi sithuba esivele ngalo, sasasazwa njani yaye kutheni kunyanzeleke ukuba kude kuqeshwe umntu ongengommi woMzantsi Afrika.
Intlawulo yesicelo semvume yokuphangela ngasinye imalunga ne-US$186 yaye njengesiqhelo ithatha iiveki ezisibhozo ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini. Izicelo zabasebenzi abangundoqo zona zithatha malunga neeveki ezimbini.
Xa isicelo sakho sele sigqityiwe, impendulo ithunyelwa ngefeksi kubameli boMzantsi Afrika kwilizwe ofake isicelo ukulo.
Kufuneka kuqala ufake isicelo sokwamkelwa njengomfundi kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo ofuna ukufunda kulo. Xa ufumana incwadi ethi usathathiwe, ungafaka isicelo semvume yokufunda.
Kufuneka uye kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika ufake isicelo sale mvume. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-B1-159.
YIncwadi engqina ukuba usathathiwe njengomfundi esuka kwiziko lemfundo ofuna ukufunda kulo.
Ziinkcukacha ngamalungiselelo endawo oza kuhlala kuyo.
Bubungqina bokuba ungazihlawula iindleko zemfundo nokuhlala kwakho ze nawe ube nako ukuzixhasa.
Isifungo esibhaliweyo sokuba uya kubuyela kwilizwe ohlala kulo okanye lakokwenu xa uzigqibile izifundo zakho.
Ingxelo kagqirha wakho eqinisekisa ukuba usempilweni.
Ukuba isicelo sakho siyaphumelela, uya kunikwa isiqinisekiso sokundwendwela amaxesha amaninzi.
Sinokuthatha ukuya kwiiveki ezisibhozo ukuba siphunyezwe. Awunakho ukungena eMzantsi Afrika de ube uyinikiwe le mvume.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11532.17757.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala kunye namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala abanakutshata ngaphandle kwemvume yabucala yaye nabani na ongaphantsi kwama-21eminyaka ubudala unokufumana imvume yabazali bakhe phambi kokuba abe uyatshata.
Umtshato owenziwe ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo unokwenziwa ungasebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokuthathwa njengongazange ubekho yiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
Abazali okanye umntu ojonge omnye wabatshatayo unokufaka isicelo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo esithi umtshato lo mawuthathwe njengongekhoyo.
Kwiiveki ezintandathu zokuqala evile ngobukho balo mtshato.
Umntwana naye unokufaka isicelo kule nkundla esithi umtshato mawuthathwe njengongasebenziyo nanini na phambi kokuba abe unama-21 eminyaka ubudala, okanye kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala emva kokuba ebe nama-21 eminyaka ubudala.
Kwimeko apho bobabini abazali besaphila yaye akukho unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, bobabini abazali kufuneka bawuvumele lo mtshato, ngokubhala phantsi, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umntwana lo ngozalwe ngaphandle komtshato, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi esuka kunina kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba omnye wabazali unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi yaloo mzali kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umzali omvume ifuneka ngokwasemthethweni akafumaneki ukuza kunika imvume leyo, okanye umthetho awumboni enakho ukukwenza oko, ungafaka isicelo kumkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana ukuba awuvumele lo mtshato.
Xa abazali bomntwana no-/okanye umkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana bayala ukunikezela ngemvume, umntwana lowo unokufaka isicelo kwiJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo ukuba inikezele ngemvume. Ijaji le ayinakho ukunikezela ngemvume ngaphandle kokuba kukho ubungqina obaneleyo bokuba umtshato lo ujongene neemfuno zomntwana futhi akanikwanga mvume kungekho zizathu zibambekayo.
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 leminyaka ubudala bafumana imvume yabazali babo ebhalwe phantsi ukuze batshate, ngendlela enye nabanye abantwana abangeqondweni lakutshata. Kusafuneka futhi befumene imvume yoMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya.
Usenokusifaka isicelo kuMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ukuba athathe umtshato osele wenzekile njengokhoyo nosebenzayo. Unako futhi nokufaka isicelo kuMphatthiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11532.17761.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Izibini ezitshatileyo zingawuphelisa umtshato ngokuthi ziwuqhawule. Oku kuphelisa umtshato yaye abantu abaqhawule banokutshata kwakhona ngokusemthethweni.
Inkqubo yokuqhawulwa komtshato iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni umtshato lo ngowaseburhulumenteni okanye ngosekelwe kumasiko nesithethe na. Imitshato yaseburhulumenteni iqhawulwa ngokwemithetho neenkqubo ezibekiweyo kuMthetho Wokuqhawulwa Komtshato. Imitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezithethe zase-Afrika iqhawulwa ngokomtheetho waseburhulumenteni kodwa ezinye zeziphumo zigqitywa lisiko nesithethe esilawulayo. Imitshato yamaMuslim neyamaHindu iqhawulwa ngokwamasiko nezithethe zeenkolo lezo.
Phambi kokuba inkundla iqhawule umtshato, kufuneka kugqitywe ekubeni ngubani oza kugcina ajongane nabantwana. Abazali banokwenza isivumelwano okanye inkundla inokuthatha isigqibo.
Eyona ngqwalasela ibaluleke kakhulu ekuthathweni kwesigqibo sokugcinwa kwabantwana ziimfuno ezingundoqo zabantwana.
Igqwetha Leentsapho enkundleni linokunceda ekuphandweni kokuba ngowuphi oyena mzali ukwimo ekulungeleyo ukujongana akhulise futhi amele abantwana enkundleni xa kunyanzelekile.
Ukuba ukupheliswa komtshato kuthatha ixesha elide, umzekelo, ukuba kunzima ukufikelela kwisivumelwano kwesi sibini ngalo mba, umyalelo wexeshana wokugcinwa kwabantwana uya kukhutshwa uxela ukuba ngubani oza kube ejongana nabantwana ngelixa ukuqhawulwa komtshato kusagqityezelwa.
Kwimitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezitheethe zase-Afrika, ezama-Muslim kunye nezama-Hindu, inkosikazi ngokwesiqhelo igcina ze ikhulise abantwana. Ngokomthetho osekelwe kumasiko nezithethe zase-Afrika, uyise wabantwana uqhele ukushiyeka njengomzali wendalo wabantwana bakhe. Abantwana bemitshato yama-Hindu neyama-Muslim bathathwa njengemigqakhwe, ngoko ke nonina wabo uthathwa njengomzali wabo wendalo. Kuzo zonke iimeko, uyise wabantwana usephantsi kwesibophelelo sokuhoyana nabantwana bakhe.
Umzali ongalinikwayo igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana njengesiqhelo useza kufuna ukuqhubekeka ebabona abantwana bakhe. Kungoko kufuneka kufikelelwe kwisivumelwano sokuba lo mzali unokulifumana nini, phi nanjani ixesha lokufikelela kubantwana bakhe.
Ukuba amalungelo okufikelela komzali ongalinikwanga igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana ayikokujongana neemfuno ezingundoqo zabantwana, inkundla ingakuvimba ukufikeleleka kwabo bantwana.
Xa isibini saphule umtshato, omnye uqhele ukuba kwimo engcono ngezimali kunomnye. Umntu onikwe igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana uza kuba neenkcitho omnye angenazo. Inkundla iya kukhupha umyalelo wenkxaso-mali efuna inkxaso-mali ukuba ihlawulelwe abantwana yaye, ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko, mhlawumbi kuhlawulelwe nomzali lo ufumene abantwana.
Imali-nkxaso yabantwana ihlawulwa kumzali onikwe igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana (kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba eli lilungelo lomntwana hayi elomzali). Bonke abazali banesibophelelo sokunika inkxaso kubantwana babo, kuquka imigqakhwe.
Indaba yokuba omnye waba bazali kuza kufuneka ahlawule imali-nkxaso okanye axhase owayesakuba ngumlingane wakhe ixhomeke kwiimeko ezikhoyo. Ukuba esi sibini asikwazi kufikelela kwisivumelwano sokuba omnye ahlawule imali engakanani, inkundla iya kuthatha isigqibo.
Indlela impahla yosapho eza kwabiwa ngayo ixhomekeke kwisivumelwano sesi sibini ngempahla esenziwa phambi kokuba batshate. Oku ngesiqhelo kuvezwa sisivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato, ukuba sikho, ukuba akuzange kwenziwe sivumelwano phambi komtshato, umthetho uza kuthatha isigqibo.
Isigqibo esiza nomthetho ngenxa yokusilela kwabatshati ekwenzeni izigqibo ngempahla yabo sithi umtshato waseburhulumenteni uthi 'eyam yeyakho kuquka nazo zonke izinto ezangezeleke emtshatweni'. Oku kuthetha ukuba yonke eninayo iyabiwa, oko kuquka impahla namatyala. Ukongezeleka oku kuthetha ukuba konke okuzuza okanye ukuthenge emva kokuba utshatile kuba kokwenu yaye kuza kwahlulwa ekupheleni komtshato.
Ukuba umtshato uyaqhawulwa, impahla yosapho yabiwa ngokulingana phakathi. Nawaphi na amatyala ayabiwa.
Ukuba umtshato uthi eyam yeyam ngaphandle kwezongezeleko, oko kuthetha ukuba umntu ngamnye ugcina impahla yakhe yangaphambi komtshato ze agcine konke abakuzuza okanye bakufumane emtshatweni.
Ukuba umtshato uthi eyam yeyam nezongezeleko oko kuthetha ukuba umntu ngamnye ugcina impahla yakhe yangaphambi komtshato kodwa konke okongezeleke emtshatweni iyabiwa. Ezinye izinto, ezifana namafa neziphiwo zishiyeka zahlukile.
Isigqibo sokwahlulwa kwempahla ngenxa yokusilela kwabebetshatile ekwenzeni isigqibo ngempahla yabo phambi komtshato sitshintshile kubantu abohlukileyo ngamaxesha ahlukileyo. Imithetho eyayilawula xa nanitshata iza kuba yiyo egqiba ngobume bempahla yenu wakuqhawulwa umtshato.
Umtshato waseburhulumenteni kufuneka upheliswe yinkundla.
Ukuqhawulwa komtshato wenu kungaphunyezwa kuphela xa ubonisa inkundla ukuba kwenzeke "umonakalo ongenakulungiseka" kumtshato lowo okanye omnye wabalingane ugula ngengqondo okanye unamaxesha angabikho zingqondweni.
Umonakalo ongenakulungiseka uthetha ukuba isibini eso asinakukwazi ukuphinda sihlale kunye yaye akukho sithuba sicacayo sokuba bangaze bayoyise iyantlukwano yabo.
Isibini esi sikhe asahlala kunye okwexeshana.
Unokuwuqhawula umtshato ukuba umlingane wakho ebekhe Wafakwa kwiziko lonyango ngenxa yokugula ngengqondo iminyaka emibini ubuncinci yaye oogqirha abacingi ukuba angabuye aphile kwakhona.
Unokuwuqhawula umtshato ukuba ibikhe ayabikho zingqondweni iinyanga ezintandathu ubuncinci yaye oogqirha abanalo ithemba lokuba angabuye aphile.
Ngokuba ngubani oza kufumana igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana.
Umzali ongalinikwanga igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana uza kufikelela njani ebantwaneni abo.
Ngubani oza kufumana imali-nkxaso, izakuba ngakanani yaye ihlawulwe njani, phi.
Impahla yenu iza kwabiwa njani.
Ukuba wena nomlingane wakho ningafikelela kwisivumelwano ngoku kungentla phambi kokuba ukhutshwe umyalelo wokuvela enkundleni, oku kuyakwenza inkqubo le ibe yekhawulezayo nelula. Ukuba nifikelela kwisivumelwano, kufuneka nikubhale phantsi ze nikutyikitye oku. Iphepha elinemvume kufuneka lincanyathiselwe kumyalelo wokuvela enkundleni ngomba wokuqhawulwa komtshato.
Usuku lokumanyelwa luza kubekwa. Kolu mamelo, ijaji iza kubuza imibuzo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha ezikulo myalelo. Emva kokuba yonke into ilungile, umyalelo wokuqhawulwa komtshato uya kukhutshwa.
Ukuba usebenzisa iNkundla Yezeentsapho endaweni yeNkundla Ephakamileyo, ukuqhawulwa komtshato wakho kungaphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza yaye kubize imali encinci.
Imitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezithethe iyafana nemitshato yaseburhulumenteni kwindawo yokuba inkundla kufuneka ikhuphe umyalelo wokuqhawulwa komtshato yaye ukuqhawulwa komtshato kunokuphunyezwa kuphela imiqathango yokwaphulwa komtshato iyafikelelwa sisibini eso (oko kukuthi umonakalo ongenakulungiseka, ukugula ngengqondo okanye ukungabikho zingqondweni izihlandlo ezininzi).
Isibini esi singagqiba ngemiqathango yokuqhawulwa komtshato ze ijaji ikhuphe imiyalelo ehambisana nokunikezelwa kwegunya lokugcinwa kukhuliswe abantwana kunye nemali-nkxaso. Ukuba inkundla kufuneka ithathe isigqibo ngale miba iya kuthathela ingqalelo nawaphi na amalungiselelo anokuba enziwa ngokomthetho wamasiko nezithethe.
Usapho lwakulomfazi kunokufuneka lubuyisele yonke okanye isixa esithile selobola kusapho lomyeni, ngaphandle kokuba umyeni uyilahle esidlangalaleni inkosikazi yakhe ngaphandle kwesizathu konke-konke.
Ukuba indoda nomfazi babetshatiswe yinkokheli yama-Muslim ngokwenkolo yama-Muslim okanye umpristi kwinkolo yama-Hindu, abatshatanga ngokomthetho waseburhulumenteni. Banakho ukuwuqhawula umtshato wabo bengakhange badibana nenkudla kodwa kufuneka belandele imithetho yenkolo yabo.
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Izibini ezitshatileyo zingawuphelisa umtshato ngokuthi ziwuqhawule. Oku kuphelisa umtshato yaye abantu abaqhawule banokutshata kwakhona ngokusemthethweni.
Inkqubo yokuqhawulwa komtshato iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni umtshato lo ngowaseburhulumenteni okanye ngosekelwe kumasiko nesithethe na. Imitshato yaseburhulumenteni iqhawulwa ngokwemithetho neenkqubo ezibekiweyo kuMthetho Wokuqhawulwa Komtshato. Imitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezithethe zase-Afrika iqhawulwa ngokomtheetho waseburhulumenteni kodwa ezinye zeziphumo zigqitywa lisiko nesithethe esilawulayo. Imitshato yamaMuslim neyamaHindu iqhawulwa ngokwamasiko nezithethe zeenkolo lezo.
Phambi kokuba inkundla iqhawule umtshato, kufuneka kugqitywe ekubeni ngubani oza kugcina ajongane nabantwana. Abazali banokwenza isivumelwano okanye inkundla inokuthatha isigqibo.
Eyona ngqwalasela ibaluleke kakhulu ekuthathweni kwesigqibo sokugcinwa kwabantwana ziimfuno ezingundoqo zabantwana.
Igqwetha Leentsapho enkundleni linokunceda ekuphandweni kokuba ngowuphi oyena mzali ukwimo ekulungeleyo ukujongana akhulise futhi amele abantwana enkundleni xa kunyanzelekile.
Ukuba ukupheliswa komtshato kuthatha ixesha elide, umzekelo, ukuba kunzima ukufikelela kwisivumelwano kwesi sibini ngalo mba, umyalelo wexeshana wokugcinwa kwabantwana uya kukhutshwa uxela ukuba ngubani oza kube ejongana nabantwana ngelixa ukuqhawulwa komtshato kusagqityezelwa.
Kwimitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezitheethe zase-Afrika, ezama-Muslim kunye nezama-Hindu, inkosikazi ngokwesiqhelo igcina ze ikhulise abantwana. Ngokomthetho osekelwe kumasiko nezithethe zase-Afrika, uyise wabantwana uqhele ukushiyeka njengomzali wendalo wabantwana bakhe. Abantwana bemitshato yama-Hindu neyama-Muslim bathathwa njengemigqakhwe, ngoko ke nonina wabo uthathwa njengomzali wabo wendalo. Kuzo zonke iimeko, uyise wabantwana usephantsi kwesibophelelo sokuhoyana nabantwana bakhe.
Umzali ongalinikwayo igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana njengesiqhelo useza kufuna ukuqhubekeka ebabona abantwana bakhe. Kungoko kufuneka kufikelelwe kwisivumelwano sokuba lo mzali unokulifumana nini, phi nanjani ixesha lokufikelela kubantwana bakhe.
Ukuba amalungelo okufikelela komzali ongalinikwanga igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana ayikokujongana neemfuno ezingundoqo zabantwana, inkundla ingakuvimba ukufikeleleka kwabo bantwana.
Xa isibini saphule umtshato, omnye uqhele ukuba kwimo engcono ngezimali kunomnye. Umntu onikwe igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana uza kuba neenkcitho omnye angenazo. Inkundla iya kukhupha umyalelo wenkxaso-mali efuna inkxaso-mali ukuba ihlawulelwe abantwana yaye, ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko, mhlawumbi kuhlawulelwe nomzali lo ufumene abantwana.
Imali-nkxaso yabantwana ihlawulwa kumzali onikwe igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana (kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba eli lilungelo lomntwana hayi elomzali). Bonke abazali banesibophelelo sokunika inkxaso kubantwana babo, kuquka imigqakhwe.
Ukuba kukho iingxaki nemali-nkxaso emva kokuba ukuqhawulwa komtshato kuphunyeziwe, ezo ngxaki zinokusiwa kwigosa lezeMli-nkxaso kwiNkundla kaMantyi.
Indaba yokuba omnye waba bazali kuza kufuneka ahlawule imali-nkxaso okanye axhase owayesakuba ngumlingane wakhe ixhomeke kwiimeko ezikhoyo. Ukuba esi sibini asikwazi kufikelela kwisivumelwano sokuba omnye ahlawule imali engakanani, inkundla iya kuthatha isigqibo.
Ngenxa yokuba imitshato yama-Hindu neyama-Muslim inganakanwa ngokuphelelyo njengesemthethweni, inkosikazi ayinabume bobukhosikazi ngokomthetho ukuze ifake ibango lenkxaso emva kokuqhawulwa komtshato.
Indlela impahla yosapho eza kwabiwa ngayo ixhomekeke kwisivumelwano sesi sibini ngempahla esenziwa phambi kokuba batshate. Oku ngesiqhelo kuvezwa sisivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato, ukuba sikho, ukuba akuzange kwenziwe sivumelwano phambi komtshato, umthetho uza kuthatha isigqibo.
Isigqibo esiza nomthetho ngenxa yokusilela kwabatshati ekwenzeni izigqibo ngempahla yabo sithi umtshato waseburhulumenteni uthi 'eyam yeyakho kuquka nazo zonke izinto ezangezeleke emtshatweni'. Oku kuthetha ukuba yonke eninayo iyabiwa, oko kuquka impahla namatyala. Ukongezeleka oku kuthetha ukuba konke okuzuza okanye ukuthenge emva kokuba utshatile kuba kokwenu yaye kuza kwahlulwa ekupheleni komtshato.
Ukuba umtshato uyaqhawulwa, impahla yosapho yabiwa ngokulingana phakathi. Nawaphi na amatyala ayabiwa.
ngokuthi 'eyam yeyam nezongezeleko'.
Ukuba umtshato uthi eyam yeyam ngaphandle kwezongezeleko, oko kuthetha ukuba umntu ngamnye ugcina impahla yakhe yangaphambi komtshato ze agcine konke abakuzuza okanye bakufumane emtshatweni.
Ukuba umtshato uthi eyam yeyam nezongezeleko oko kuthetha ukuba umntu ngamnye ugcina impahla yakhe yangaphambi komtshato kodwa konke okongezeleke emtshatweni iyabiwa. Ezinye izinto, ezifana namafa neziphiwo zishiyeka zahlukile.
Isigqibo sokwahlulwa kwempahla ngenxa yokusilela kwabebetshatile ekwenzeni isigqibo ngempahla yabo phambi komtshato sitshintshile kubantu abohlukileyo ngamaxesha ahlukileyo. Imithetho eyayilawula xa nanitshata iza kuba yiyo egqiba ngobume bempahla yenu wakuqhawulwa umtshato.
Umtshato waseburhulumenteni kufuneka upheliswe yinkundla.
Ukuqhawulwa komtshato wenu kungaphunyezwa kuphela xa ubonisa inkundla ukuba kwenzeke "umonakalo ongenakulungiseka" kumtshato lowo okanye omnye wabalingane ugula ngengqondo okanye unamaxesha angabikho zingqondweni.
Umonakalo ongenakulungiseka uthetha ukuba isibini eso asinakukwazi ukuphinda sihlale kunye yaye akukho sithuba sicacayo sokuba bangaze bayoyise iyantlukwano yabo.
Isibini esi sikhe asahlala kunye okwexeshana.
Unokuwuqhawula umtshato ukuba umlingane wakho ebekhe Wafakwa kwiziko lonyango ngenxa yokugula ngengqondo iminyaka emibini ubuncinci yaye oogqirha abacingi ukuba angabuye aphile kwakhona.
Unokuwuqhawula umtshato ukuba ibikhe ayabikho zingqondweni iinyanga ezintandathu ubuncinci yaye oogqirha abanalo ithemba lokuba angabuye aphile.
Ngokuba ngubani oza kufumana igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana.
Umzali ongalinikwanga igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana uza kufikelela njani ebantwaneni abo.
Ngubani oza kufumana imali-nkxaso, izakuba ngakanani yaye ihlawulwe njani, phi.
Impahla yenu iza kwabiwa njani.
Ukuba wena nomlingane wakho ningafikelela kwisivumelwano ngoku kungentla phambi kokuba ukhutshwe umyalelo wokuvela enkundleni, oku kuyakwenza inkqubo le ibe yekhawulezayo nelula. Ukuba nifikelela kwisivumelwano, kufuneka nikubhale phantsi ze nikutyikitye oku. Iphepha elinemvume kufuneka lincanyathiselwe kumyalelo wokuvela enkundleni ngomba wokuqhawulwa komtshato.
Usuku lokumanyelwa luza kubekwa. Kolu mamelo, ijaji iza kubuza imibuzo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha ezikulo myalelo. Emva kokuba yonke into ilungile, umyalelo wokuqhawulwa komtshato uya kukhutshwa.
Ukuba usebenzisa iNkundla Yezeentsapho endaweni yeNkundla Ephakamileyo, ukuqhawulwa komtshato wakho kungaphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza yaye kubize imali encinci.
Imitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezithethe iyafana nemitshato yaseburhulumenteni kwindawo yokuba inkundla kufuneka ikhuphe umyalelo wokuqhawulwa komtshato yaye ukuqhawulwa komtshato kunokuphunyezwa kuphela imiqathango yokwaphulwa komtshato iyafikelelwa sisibini eso (oko kukuthi umonakalo ongenakulungiseka, ukugula ngengqondo okanye ukungabikho zingqondweni izihlandlo ezininzi).
Isibini esi singagqiba ngemiqathango yokuqhawulwa komtshato ze ijaji ikhuphe imiyalelo ehambisana nokunikezelwa kwegunya lokugcinwa kukhuliswe abantwana kunye nemali-nkxaso. Ukuba inkundla kufuneka ithathe isigqibo ngale miba iya kuthathela ingqalelo nawaphi na amalungiselelo anokuba enziwa ngokomthetho wamasiko nezithethe.
Usapho lwakulomfazi kunokufuneka lubuyisele yonke okanye isixa esithile selobola kusapho lomyeni, ngaphandle kokuba umyeni uyilahle esidlangalaleni inkosikazi yakhe ngaphandle kwesizathu konke-konke.
Ukuba indoda nomfazi babetshatiswe yinkokheli yama-Muslim ngokwenkolo yama-Muslim okanye umpristi kwinkolo yama-Hindu, abatshatanga ngokomthetho waseburhulumenteni. Banakho ukuwuqhawula umtshato wabo bengakhange badibana nenkudla kodwa kufuneka belandele imithetho yenkolo yabo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11532.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
ISebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya laphehlelela ngokusesikweni inkonzo yekhompyutha yokuqinisekiswa kobume bomtshato njengengxenyeyePhulo Lokuqinisekisa Ubume Bakho Bomtshato elaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeThupha. Le nkonzo ivulelwe ukunceda ekuthinteleni nasekuvezeni iimeko apho abemi boMzantsi Afrika batshatiswa bengazi kubemi bamanye amazwe.
Xa utshata, unikwa isiqinisekiso somtshato esingahlawulelwayo. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana esinye isiqinisekiso somtshato ngosuku olusezayo, kufuneka: Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-13, Ulifake kwi-ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, Unikezele intlawulo.
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala kunye namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala abanakutshata ngaphandle kwemvume yabucala yaye nabani na ongaphantsi kwama-21eminyaka ubudala unokufumana imvume yabazali bakhe phambi kokuba abe uyatshata.
Izibini ezitshatileyo zingawuphelisa umtshato ngokuthi ziwuqhawule. Oku kuphelisa umtshato yaye abantu abaqhawule banokutshata kwakhona ngokusemthethweni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11532.83353.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya laphehlelela ngokusesikweni inkonzo yekhompyutha yokuqinisekiswa kobume bomtshato njengengxenyeyePhulo Lokuqinisekisa Ubume Bakho Bomtshato elaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeThupha.
Le nkonzo ivulelwe ukunceda ekuthinteleni nasekuvezeni iimeko apho abemi boMzantsi Afrika batshatiswa bengazi kubemi bamanye amazwe. Amaqabane la asuka kumanye amazwe asebenzisa umtshato ukuze afumane amaphepha-mvume okuhlala nawokusebenza apha eMzantsi Afrika. Ngomhla weshumi elinesibhozo kwinyanga yeThupha ku-2004, eli Phulo belisele liveze imitshato yobuqhophololo engamakhulu amabini eMzantsi Afrika.
Eli Sebe lithembise ukuwarhoxisa angasebenzi amaphepha-mvume okuhlala, awokusebenza kwanawokuba ngabemi abantu abazuze lutho kwimitshato yobuqhophololo.
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungazikhangela ukuba utshatile okanye akutshatanga na ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ze ufake nenombolo yencwadana yakho yesazisi.
Usenakho kanti nokutyelela iofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ze uzikhangele okanye ke utsalele iSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya kule nombolo ingahlawulelwayo: 0800 10 1994 ngamaxesha okusebenza (oko ke kukuthi ukusukela ngomkhono emva kwentsimbi yesixhenxe ekuseni kuye kuma ngomkhono phambi kweyesine malanga).
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11532.83353.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya laphehlelela ngokusesikweni inkonzo yekhompyutha yokuqinisekiswa kobume bomtshato njengengxenyeyePhulo Lokuqinisekisa Ubume Bakho Bomtshato elaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeThupha.
Le nkonzo ivulelwe ukunceda ekuthinteleni nasekuvezeni iimeko apho abemi boMzantsi Afrika batshatiswa bengazi kubemi bamanye amazwe. Amaqabane la asuka kumanye amazwe asebenzisa umtshato ukuze afumane amaphepha-mvume okuhlala nawokusebenza apha eMzantsi Afrika. Ngomhla weshumi elinesibhozo kwinyanga yeThupha ku-2004, eli Phulo belisele liveze imitshato yobuqhophololo engamakhulu amabini eMzantsi Afrika.
Eli Sebe lithembise ukuwarhoxisa angasebenzi amaphepha-mvume okuhlala, awokusebenza kwanawokuba ngabemi abantu abazuze lutho kwimitshato yobuqhophololo.
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungazikhangela ukuba utshatile okanye akutshatanga na ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ze ufake nenombolo yencwadana yakho yesazisi.
Usenakho kanti nokutyelela iofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ze uzikhangele okanye ke utsalele iSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya kule nombolo ingahlawulelwayo: 0800 10 1994 ngamaxesha okusebenza (oko ke kukuthi ukusukela ngomkhono emva kwentsimbi yesixhenxe ekuseni kuye kuma ngomkhono phambi kweyesine malanga).
<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11575.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Zonke izenzo zokudluliselwa komntwana kubanye abazali kufuneka zigcinwe kuvimba wokuzalwa kwabantwana ukuba abazali abafaka isicelo sokunikwa umntwana bayacela.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11594.20865.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe.
Ngubani ekufuneka efake isicelo sephetshana londwendwela okwexeshana?
Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana?
Sifakwa njani isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela lexeshana?
isiqinisekiso sokugonyelwa icesina emthubi ukuba uhamba kwingingqi egqugqiswa yicesina emthubi okanye kuMzantsi Melika.
Abantu abangenazo iincwadana zokundwendwela zaseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka bafake izicelo zamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela exeshana. Oku kuquka abantu abafuna ukuza eMzantsi Afrika ukuza kutya ikhefu okanye abazele ushishino.
Kusenjalo abatyeleli abaneencwadana zokundwendwela zaseUnited Kingdom yeGreat Britain nezakuMntla Ireland (kuquka iZiqithi zeBrithani iBailiwick yeGuernsey kunye neJersey, iSiqithi saseMann neZithi zeVirgin, iRiphabhliki yase-Ireland kwakunye namaThanga aPhesheya KweeLwandle aseBrithani) abekho phantsi kolawulo lwamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela oMzantsi Afrika yaye abawadingi nangasiphi na isizathu.
Okunye, iindwendwe ezisuka kumazwe athile nazo aziwadingi amaphepha-mvume phantsi kwemiqathango ethile.
Kufuneka uququzelele iphetshana elivumela ukundwendwela lexeshana phambi kokuba ufike eMzantsi Afrika. Awunako ukufaka isicelo sokungena ixeshana xa sele ukumazibuko okungena eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba kukho ummeli wozakuzo okanye wabameli-lizwe kwilizwe lakho, kufuneka ufake isicelo sakho semvume yexeshana yokundwendwela apho.
Khumbula ukuba awunakukwazi ukufaka isicelo sokundwendwela xa sele ungenile eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukungena kwakho kwizibuko lokungena eMzantsi Afrika, umzekelo, KwiSikhululo SeeNqwelo-moya Samazwe ngamazwe saseRhawutini, uya kunikwa imvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana, eyakube ithatha indawo yephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana futhi ibeke nexesha oza kulihlala kweli lizwe.
Le mvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana kufuneka igcinwe isebenza yaye isicelo sokwandiswa u-BI- 159 sinokufakwa nakweyiphi na I-ofisi yengingqi okanye yesithili yeSebe Lemicimbi YezeKhaya Emzantsi.
uhlawule intlawulo eyi-R425.
ubonise ukuba sele ulihlawulele itikiti lokundiza.
Ukuba sifakiwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendela okwexeshana ngezoshishino, kusafuneka ubonise incwadi yesimemo esuka kulo nkampani yaseMzantsi Afrika uze kuyindwendwela, kwakunye nencwadi esuka kwinkampani oyisebenzelayo.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha ngendlela yokufaka isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika okwexeshana, qhagamshelana nommeli wozakuzo kwakunye nowabameli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika okanye undwendwele I-website yeSebe LemiCimbi YezeKhaya elikufutshane nawe.
Kukho I-R425, US$47 okanye I- â‚¬43 eyintlawulo yesicelo seendwendwe ezisuka kumazwe athile.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11594.20865.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe.
Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana?
Sifakwa njani isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela lexeshana?
nencwadana yokundwendwela esebenzayo neyamkelekayo/iphetshana lokundwendwela elikuvumela ukuba uhlale kwelo lizwe ixesha ofuna ukulihlala iphepha-mvume lexeshana elisebenzayo, ukuba liyafunwa imali eyaneleyo itikiti lokubuya / lokuhamba isiqinisekiso sokugonyelwa icesina emthubi ukuba uhamba kwingingqi egqugqiswa yicesina emthubi okanye kuMzantsi Melika.
Abantu abangenazo iincwadana zokundwendwela zaseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka bafake izicelo zamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela exeshana. Oku kuquka abantu abafuna ukuza eMzantsi Afrika ukuza kutya ikhefu okanye abazele ushishino.
Okunye, iindwendwe ezisuka kumazwe athile nazo aziwadingi amaphepha-mvume phantsi kwemiqathango ethile.
Kufuneka uququzelele iphetshana elivumela ukundwendwela lexeshana phambi kokuba ufike eMzantsi Afrika. Awunako ukufaka isicelo sokungena ixeshana xa sele ukumazibuko okungena eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba kukho ummeli wozakuzo okanye wabameli-lizwe kwilizwe lakho, kufuneka ufake isicelo sakho semvume yexeshana yokundwendwela apho.
Khumbula ukuba awunakukwazi ukufaka isicelo sokundwendwela xa sele ungenile eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukungena kwakho kwizibuko lokungena eMzantsi Afrika, umzekelo, KwiSikhululo SeeNqwelo-moya Samazwe ngamazwe saseRhawutini, uya kunikwa imvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana, eyakube ithatha indawo yephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana futhi ibeke nexesha oza kulihlala kweli lizwe.
Le mvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana kufuneka igcinwe isebenza yaye isicelo sokwandiswa u-BI- 159 sinokufakwa nakweyiphi na I-ofisi yengingqi okanye yesithili yeSebe Lemicimbi YezeKhaya Emzantsi.
unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokundwendwela uhlawule intlawulo eyi-R425.00 okanye I-US$47 okanye I- e43 yephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana, ukuba iyafuneka, khangela kuluhlu lwamazwe amelwe kukuhlawula iintlawulo zamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela exeshana ubonise ukuba sele ulihlawulele itikiti lokundiza.
Ukuba sifakiwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendela okwexeshana ngezoshishino, kusafuneka ubonise incwadi yesimemo esuka kulo nkampani yaseMzantsi Afrika uze kuyindwendwela, kwakunye nencwadi esuka kwinkampani oyisebenzelayo.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha ngendlela yokufaka isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika okwexeshana, qhagamshelana nommeli wozakuzo kwakunye nowabameli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika okanye undwendwele I-website yeSebe LemiCimbi YezeKhaya elikufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4771.services.11594.20964.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika yaye uhambela elinye ilizwe, kuza kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Iincwadana zokundwendwela zeendwendwe zinikezelwa kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphezu kwe-16 leminyaka ubudala.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwiSebe Lekhaya elilapha eMzantsi Afrika, okanye ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokutyelela unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho uhlawule intlawulo eyi-R165.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintandathu ukuba sigqitywe isicelo sakho ze kunikezelwe incwadana leyo yokundwendwela.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela iya kusebenza ixesha elilishumi leminyaka.
Le ncwadana inikezelwa kubantwana baseMzantsi Afrika abangaphantsi kwe -16 leminyaka bezelwe.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe LezeKhaya elapha eMzantsi Afrika, okanye ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, ulingenise kumzi wozakuzo wase Mzantsi Afrika okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokundwendwela unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R125.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintandathu ukuze isicelo sakho sigqitywe ze kunikezelwe nencwadana leyo yokundwendwela.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela isebenza iminyaka emihlanu.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela inikezelwa kumagosa oMzantsi Afrika ahambela imiba yemisebenzi karhulumente.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi yezeKhaya elapha eMzantsi Afrika okanye, ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, uyifake kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika okanye kubathunywa.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadana yokundwela emibini unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela isebenza ixesha eliyiminyaka emihlanu.
Eli phetshana linokunikezelwa kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abafuna ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza futhi kungekho xesha laneleyo lakufaka sicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela.
Ukuze ufake isicelo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezeKhaya elapha eMzantsi Afrika okanye, ukuba ungaphaya kwemida yeli, kumzi wozakuzo okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi sakho unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadana yokundwendwela emibini unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R76.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neveki enye ukuze isicelo sakho siphunyezwe ze nesiqinisekiso eso sikhutshwe.
Esi siqinisekiso sisebenza iinyanga ezintandathu yaye sinokukhutshelwa kuphela uhambo olunye.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela inikezelwa kubemi boMzantsi Afrika ekufuneka behambe ngokukhawuleza ngesizathu esibambekayo futhi abangenakho ukulinda iincwadana iziqhelekileyo zokundwendwela ukuba zikhutshwe.
Ukuze ufake isicelo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe lemicimcbi yeKhaya okanye, ukuba ungaphaya kwemida yeli, kuMzi Wozakuzo okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi sakho unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadana yokundwendwela emibini unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R96.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neveki enye ukuba isicelo sakho siphunyezwe ze nencwadana leyo yokundwendwela ikhutshwe.
Isiqinisekiso esi siyakusebenza iinyanga ezili-12.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba intlawulo eyi-R12 kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuze kuthunyelwe imigca yeminwe ngefeksi ukuba kufuneka ziqinisekiswe ngokukhawuleza.
Eli phepha linikezelwa kubantu abafumene isiqinisekiso sokuba ngabahlali abasisigxina eMzantsi Afrika abangenakufumana zimpepha zakuhamba kumazwe abo okuzalwa, umzekelo, iimbacu nabantu abangenambuso abahlala eMzantsi Afrika ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuze ufake isicelo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezeKhaya engaphakathi kwimida yeli, okanye, ukuba ungaphandle kwemida, ulifake kumzi wozakuzo okanye wabathunywa boMzantsi Afrika.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi sakho unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadi yokundwendwela unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R120.
Eli phetshana liya kusebenza iminyaka emihlanu.
Ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, ndwendwela I-website yeSebe LezeKhaya okanye uqhagamshelane ne-Ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe LezeKhaya.
<fn>GOV-ZA.47960.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4800.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko kukujongana nokuthotyelwa nokukhuselwa koMgaqo-siseko nokugcinwa komthetho nokubonelela ngolawulo lwezobulungisa olufikelekayo, olunobulungisa, olukhawulezileyo nolundleko zingephi ngenjongo yokuba uMzantsi Afrika ube elikhuseleke nangakumbi. Ukuze kwenzeke oko, eli Sebe:likhuthaza idemokrasi esekelezwe kumgaqo-siseko.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4804.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMphathiswa lilo elijongene nemigaqo-nkqubo nokuqulunqwa kwemithetho ngokubhekiselele kwezabasebenzi.
ukuqhuba nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi yolawulo emiselwe kuMgaqo-siseko okanye kwimithetho yesizwe.
Maninzi amaqumrhu amiselwe ngokomthetho aphantsi koMphathiswa.
IBhodi yeInshorensi yabaSwele iNgqesho.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4804.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMphathiswa lilo elijongene nemigaqo-nkqubo nokuqulunqwa kwemithetho ngokubhekiselele kwezabasebenzi.
ukusungula imigaqo-nkqubo nemithetho yesizwe ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi yeSebe lezaBasebenzi ukuqulunqa kwanokusungula imithetho ukuqhuba nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi yolawulo emiselwe kuMgaqo-siseko okanye kwimithetho yesizwe.
Maninzi amaqumrhu amiselwe ngokomthetho aphantsi koMphathiswa.
IBhodi yeInshorensi yabaSwele iNgqesho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4810.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ekuphunguleni ubuhlwempu kwingqesho.
Eli Sebe linoxanduva lokuququzelela ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono noqeqesho, oko likwenza ngamaziko ajongene nemfundo nezoqeqesho, ii-Sector Education and Training Authorities.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4813.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lezeMicimbi yeMihlaba lifuna ukubonelela uluntu ngemihlaba nokulunika amalungelo okubanemihlaba, ngakumbi abo babesakuvinjwa amathuba.
Eli Sebe lijongene nomcimbi wokwabiwa kutsha kwemihlaba nokucwangciswa kwayo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4832.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMphathiswa lilo elijongene nemigaqo-nkqubo nokuqulunqwa kwemithetho emalunga nemicimbi engengxowa-mali karhulumente.
nokuqhuba nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi yolawulo emiselwe kuMgaqo-siseko okanye kwimithetho yesizwe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.48401.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sikolo siyingxenye yesicwangciso-qhinga esibanzi sokwandisa inani labafundi abaphumelela imatriki yabo kwezi zifundo kwibakala eliphezulu, ingakumbi abo basuka kwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo.
Njengesongezelelo kwinkxaso ephuma kwiingcali ngeSiqinisekiso Sokuphumelela iimviwo zebanga leMatriki, esi sikolo sibonelela ngethuba elinqabileyo ebomini njengoko abafundi besenokufumana uncedo lwenkxaso-mali yokufunda ukuze bathabathise ngezifundo kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
Esi sikolo sisixhobo semfundo esikwabonelela nangendawo yokuhlala kwabo bafundi bafuna ukuqesha indawo yokuhlala. Ngonyaka ka-2004, esi sikolo siya kujongana nabafundi bebanga leshumi, ze ibe leleshumi elinanye neleshumi elinesibini kwiminyaka ezayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4845.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ukuphakanyiswa komgangatho wokuphila.
kwaneminye imisebenzi eyodwa, ebandakanya unxibelelwano phakathi kwemisbenzi yokubonelela, iindlela nemimiselo yocwangciso kunye nebhodi yombuso yeethenda.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4855.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe looRhulumente bamaPhondo nabeeNgingqi kukuqulunqa nokukhuthaza inkqubo yesizwe yolawulo lwmaqumrhu oludityanelweyo nokuxhasa oorhulumente bamaphondo nabeengingqi.
Kukuqulunqa nokubeka iliso kwimgaqo-nqubo yesizwe nemitheth ejolise ekuguquleni nasekomelezeni iziphathamandla zaseburhulumenteni ukuze ziyifezekise indima yazo.
Kukuqulunqa, ukukhuthaza nokubeka iliso kwiindlela, iinkqubo namaqumrhu ukuze kubekho ubonelelo ngeenkonzo oludityanelweyo eburhulumenteni.
Kukukhuthaza uphuhliso olungatshitshiyo ngokuthi libonelele oorhulumente bamaphondo nabeengingqi ngenkxaso.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4855.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe looRhulumente bamaPhondo nabeeNgingqi kukuqulunqa nokukhuthaza inkqubo yesizwe yolawulo lwmaqumrhu oludityanelweyo nokuxhasa oorhulumente bamaphondo nabeengingqi.
Kukuqulunqa, ukukhuthaza nokubeka iliso kwiindlela, iinkqubo namaqumrhu ukuze kubekho ubonelelo ngeenkonzo oludityanelweyo eburhulumenteni.
Kukukhuthaza uphuhliso olungatshitshiyo ngokuthi libonelele oorhulumente bamaphondo nabeengingqi ngenkxaso.
<fn>GOV-ZA.48563.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abemi baseNtshona Koloni kungoku nje banokufikelela kulwazi lukarhulumente wephondo, owesizwe nabamakhaya ngokusebenzisa iziko iCape Gateway onokulindwedwela, iziko leminxeba okanye utyelele iwebsite yabo. iCape Gateway le yinkonzo apho unokufumana bonke ubucukubhede beenkcukacha ngothotho lweenkonzo, amaphulo nazo zonke ezinye iintshukumo zikarhulumente. Futhi ukuba ulwazi oludingayo alufumaneka ngexesha olufuna ngalo, abasebenzi baseCape Gateway baya kuzama ukukukhangelela. Zonke ezi ndlela unokufikelela ngazo kulwazi lukarhulumente kwiCape Gateway zingakunceda ngesiNgesi, isiBhulu nesiXhosa, futhi abemi bamkelekile ukuba bacele iinguqulelo zolwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente olungafumaneki ngazo zontathu iilwimi ezisesikweni zeli phondo.
Ungatsalela umnxeba iZiko Loqhagamshelwano leCape Gateway kule nombolo: 0860 142 142. Ukuba eli Ziko Loqhagamshelwano alikwazi kukuphendula ngoko nangoko, liya kubuyela kuwe.
Eli ziko linabasebenzi abangamagosa olwazi anobubele, agcwele ulwazi nanokukubonelela ngeencwadi nangeempepha ngazo zonke iinkonzo zikaRhulumente wePhondo. Eli Ziko likwaqulethe iziko lolwazi eline-internet ekukhokelela kwii-websites zikarhulumente simahla.
Ungafumana olona lwazi luhlaziyekileyo nolunyanisekileyo kule website yeCape Gateway iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku: www.capegateway.gov.za.
Siyintoni Isikhundla seCape Gayeway?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.48563.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abemi baseNtshona Koloni kungoku nje banokufikelela kulwazi lukarhulumente wephondo, owesizwe nabamakhaya ngokusebenzisa iziko iCape Gateway onokulindwedwela, iziko leminxeba okanye utyelele iwebsite yabo. iCape Gateway le yinkonzo apho unokufumana bonke ubucukubhede beenkcukacha ngothotho lweenkonzo, amaphulo nazo zonke ezinye iintshukumo zikarhulumente. Futhi ukuba ulwazi oludingayo alufumaneka ngexesha olufuna ngalo, abasebenzi baseCape Gateway baya kuzama ukukukhangelela. Zonke ezi ndlela unokufikelela ngazo kulwazi lukarhulumente kwiCape Gateway zingakunceda ngesiNgesi, isiBhulu nesiXhosa, futhi abemi bamkelekile ukuba bacele iinguqulelo zolwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente olungafumaneki ngazo zontathu iilwimi ezisesikweni zeli phondo.
Ungatsalela umnxeba iZiko Loqhagamshelwano leCape Gateway kule nombolo: 0860 142 142. Ukuba eli Ziko Loqhagamshelwano alikwazi kukuphendula ngoko nangoko, liya kubuyela kuwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4862.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lamaShishini oLuntu linoxanduva lokukhokela nokulawula uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezileyo lwamashishini angawombuso ukuze kuphuculwe kangangoko okuxatyiswe ngumnini-zabelo.
Le nkqubo inoxanduva lokusingatha zonke iinkqubo zokukhokela nokulawula eli Sebe kunye neCandelo loMphathiswa. Le nkqubo iquka iCandelo loMphathiswa, iOfisi yoMlawuli-Jikelele, ezoQhagamshelwano, icandelo loPhicotho lwangaphakathi kunye neCandelo loMlawuli oyiNtloko yeeNkonzo ezidityanelweyo.
Le nkqubo yiyo equlunqa kananjalo isungule inkqubo yohlengahlengiso ukuze kuhlangabezwane neenjongo zikaRhulumente ngokubhekiselele kwezoqoqosho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4862.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lamaShishini oLuntu linoxanduva lokukhokela nokulawula uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezileyo lwamashishini angawombuso ukuze kuphuculwe kangangoko okuxatyiswe ngumnini-zabelo.
Le nkqubo inoxanduva lokusingatha zonke iinkqubo zokukhokela nokulawula eli Sebe kunye neCandelo loMphathiswa. Le nkqubo iquka iCandelo loMphathiswa, iOfisi yoMlawuli-Jikelele, ezoQhagamshelwano, icandelo loPhicotho lwangaphakathi kunye neCandelo loMlawuli oyiNtloko yeeNkonzo ezidityanelweyo.
Le nkqubo yiyo equlunqa kananjalo isungule inkqubo yohlengahlengiso ukuze kuhlangabezwane neenjongo zikaRhulumente ngokubhekiselele kwezoqoqosho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.48630.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
IPhulo loPhuhliso lweCape Gateway lijolise ekunikezeleni ngolwazi ngeenkonzo zikaRhulumente wephondo olufikeleleka ngokuphucukileyo nangokusemgangathweni onguwo, oovimba kunye neenkonzo ngokungena kwisango leCape Gateway.
Abemi kunye namashishini afuna ulwazi olusuka kurhulumente. ICape Gateway yindlela enye yokufikelela kwimiba emalunga neenkonzo zikarhulumente, amaphulo kunye nokushicilelweyo. Ukufikeleleka kolwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente kungenza ukuba urhulumente wephondo aphucule ukunikezela ngeenkonzo kwaye kunganceda nasekudaleni indawo eyakhayo ekukhuleni koqoqosho. Eli sango liqulethe ulwazi olusebenziseka lula malunga norhulumente kazwelonke, owephondo nowedolophu nolujolise kubemi beNtshona Koloni. Eli sango likwasetyenziswa zii-arhente zeZiko loQhagamshelwano njengesiseko solwazi ekuphenduleni imibuzo yabemi ngoqhagamshelwano ngomnxeba.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.48630.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abemi kunye namashishini afuna ulwazi olusuka kurhulumente. ICape Gateway yindlela enye yokufikelela kwimiba emalunga neenkonzo zikarhulumente, amaphulo kunye nokushicilelweyo. Ukufikeleleka kolwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente kungenza ukuba urhulumente wephondo aphucule ukunikezela ngeenkonzo kwaye kunganceda nasekudaleni indawo eyakhayo ekukhuleni koqoqosho. Eli sango liqulethe ulwazi olusebenziseka lula malunga norhulumente kazwelonke, owephondo nowedolophu nolujolise kubemi beNtshona Koloni. Eli sango likwasetyenziswa zii-arhente zeZiko loQhagamshelwano njengesiseko solwazi ekuphenduleni imibuzo yabemi ngoqhagamshelwano ngomnxeba.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4892.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMphathiswa lilo elijongene nemigaqo-nkqubo nokuqulunqwa kwemithetho ngokubhekiselele kwiinkonzo zoluntu nolawulo.
nokulungelelanisa imisebenzi yeSebe leeNkonzo zoLuntu noLawulo, iKomishoni yeeNkonzo zoLuntu kunye neZiko loMzantsi Afrika loPhuhliso lwaBaphathi.
nokuqhuba nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi yolawulo emiselwe kuMgaqo-siseko okanye kwimithetho yesizwe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4913.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu Nolawulo kukukhokela ukulungiselela ukuba iinkonzo zoluntu zilungele amaxesha angoku ngokuthi kuncediswe amasebe karhulumente ekusunguleni imigaqo-nkqubo yawo yolawulo, iinkqubo zawo neenkqubo zokufumana izisombululo zobume bawo, oko kusenziwa ngokwesicwangciso semigaqo nemimiselo esebenza ngokubanzi, ukuze kuphuculwe indlela yokunikezela ngeenkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.49165.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le projekthi ifuna ukunyusa umgangatho wokukhula kolwazi nobuchwepheshe ngoqhagamshelwano (ICT) eNtshona Koloni.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lale projekthi, okuya kuqwalaselwa iya kuba lurhwebo oludityanelweyo lwe-IT, uthungelwano kulwakhiwo kunye nempembelelo kumgaqo-nkqubo we-IT. Kwinqanaba lesibini, eyona mimandla eyakuthi iqwalaselwe iya kuba luphuhliso loshishino lwe-IT nophuhliso lwezakhono kwi-IT. Eyona ndawo yokuqala eyakuthi iqwalaselwe kukubhexeshwa kweli qela. Imisebenzi ejikeleze oku iquka iziganeko ezinjengemiboniso kwiindawo zorhwebo kwingingqi kunye nezidlo zasemini zokuphulaphula oku. Ikwaquka ukusekwa kopapasho oluzintlobo ngeentlobo kumacandelo kunye namaphepha ophando kwakunye nokuqokelelwa kolwazi kweli shishini kwakunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kumathuba awohlukeneyo ophuhliso lwezoqoqosho neembizo zoshishino. I-KEEG iphawule iNyathelo lokuQala loLwazi ngobuChwepheshe eKapa elibizwa ngokuba yi-Cape Information Technology Initiative (CITI)njengowona mbutho ofaneleke kakhulu ekuthatheni inyathelo elisisikhokhelo sokuqala kulo mbandela. Isebe liya kusebenzisana ne-CITI kule miba iphambili ekujoliswe kuyo kwaye iya kuxhasa la manyathelo aya kuthi aqaliswe. Ukuba kuye kwenziwa ukuba ingxowa-mali efanelekileyo ifumaneke, le projekthi iya kuqhutywa rhoqo ngonyaka.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4922.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leMisebenzi yoLuntu linoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba amaSebe eSizwe anezakhiwo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zawo ngokwezimali, ezobugcisa nezentlalo. Oko likwenza ngokuthi libonelele ngeendawo zokusebenzela loo maSebe, lizakhe lizigcine zikwimo efanelekileyo ngokunjalo. Likwajongene nokufumana nokuchitha imihlaba yoMbuso, lilawule kananjalo ligcine iipropati zoMbuso zikwimo efanelekileyo.
libenefuthe kushishino lokwakha neepropati, liluzinzise ngokunjalo liqinisekise ubukho beeenkqubo zokubonelela ngeziseko zokuqhuba umsebenzi, oko likwenza ngendlela edala imisebenzi, exhobisa uluntu ngamandla nephuhlisa izakhono zabasebenzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4925.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lenzululwazi Nobugcisa lijolise ekuphakamiseni nasekuphuhliseni inzululwazi nobugcisa bonxibelelwano ngokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezinokufezekisa eli phupha ezifana nephulo iNational System of Innovation (NSI). Eli Sebe lizama ukuzisa amacebo okubeka inzululwazi nobugcisa bonxibelelwano ukuba zisebenzele ukwenza umahluko ekukhuleni nakuphuhliso ngendlela ebonakalayo necacileyo, kwiingingqi ezihlala nezisetyenziswa lulo lonke uluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika.
Kukwandisa ulwazi kuluntu, ukwenza uluntu lukwazi ukuyilangazelela nokuyihlola nokuyiqonda kakuhle le nkqubo iyiSET.
Ukomeleza indima emayidlalwe ngamashishini abucala kule NSI.
Kukulawula ukusekwa kwamaziko amatsha eli phulo.
Kukuphakamisa oku kunaniselana kuluntu oluphandayo.
Kukuphakamisa amatyathanga entsebenziswano phakathi kwabaphandi baseMzantsi Afrika kwakunye kwakunye namaziko amazwe ngamazwe enzululwazi nobugcisa bonxibelelwano.
Kukubeka kwinqanaba lehlabathi kwanokunika igama amandla okwenza le SET oMzantsi Afrika.
Kukuphucula umgangatho nobunzulu bolwazi lweenkcukacha-manani lweSET.
Kukuphakamisa ukufikeleleka nokusetyenziswa kolwazi njengesibonelelo esilulutho eluntwini.
Kukwandisa ukufikeleleka kolwazi nokujongana namalinge okwazisa uluntu ngenzululwazi.
inzululwazi noluntu uphuhliso lobugcisa bonxibelelwano ubugcisa ngezidalwa amatyathanga entsebenziswano ambolo-mbini amatyathanga entsebenziswano amaziko amaninzi ulwazi lwemveli uluntu olunolwazi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4952.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe loPhuhliso lweNtalo yoLuntu libonelela ngophuhliso, ukukhuselwa koluntu, kunye neenkonzo zentlalo-ntle kubo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Ezi nkonzo zibonelelwa ngalo lonke ixesha umntu esidla ubomi kwaye zibandakanya ukumela, ukukhuthaza, ukuthintela, ukukhathalela nokuphungula umthwalo.
Eli Sebe lizinikele kwiinkqubo zokuguqulwa kweemeko zoluntu njengoko oko kuqulethwe ngummiselo wobulungisa eluntwini kunye neBhili yaMalungelo. Ke ngoko lizama ukudalela abahlwempuzekileyo, abasemngciphekweni nabo bakheswayo luluntu ubomi obungcono.
Uxanduva lalo kukuphungula ubuhlwempu nokukhuthaza ukudlelana koluntu ngokuthi liqulunqe imigaqo nkqubo kananjalo libeke iliso ekusungulweni kwayo ngendlela eza kudala iimeko ezivumela nezikhokelela ekuphungulweni kobuhlwempu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4961.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe lezeMidlalo noLonwabo (SRSA) liza kuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngokuthi likhuthaze ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwezemidlalo nolonwabo kweli lizwe nangokuthi amaqela ezemidlalo oMzantsi Afrika akhuthazwe ukuba athabathe inxaxheba kwimicimbi yezemidlalo yezizwe ngezizwe.
Ukunyusa umgangatho wokuthabatha inxaxheba kwezemidlalo kunye neendawo nezinto zokuzonwabisa.
Ukuphakamisa ubume bezemidlalo phantsi kwengxaki yokungquzulana kwemibono malunga nokungxamiseka kwezinto.
Ukwandisa kangangoko amathuba okuphumelela kwimicimbi emikhulu yezemidlalo.
Ukusebenzisa ezemidlalo njengeyona nto iphambili enokusetyenziswa kwiinzame zokuphungula umgangatho wolwaphulo-mthetho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4961.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe lezeMidlalo noLonwabo (SRSA) liza kuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngokuthi likhuthaze ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwezemidlalo nolonwabo kweli lizwe nangokuthi amaqela ezemidlalo oMzantsi Afrika akhuthazwe ukuba athabathe inxaxheba kwimicimbi yezemidlalo yezizwe ngezizwe.
Ukunyusa umgangatho wokuthabatha inxaxheba kwezemidlalo kunye neendawo nezinto zokuzonwabisa.
Ukuphakamisa ubume bezemidlalo phantsi kwengxaki yokungquzulana kwemibono malunga nokungxamiseka kwezinto.
Ukwandisa kangangoko amathuba okuphumelela kwimicimbi emikhulu yezemidlalo.
Ukusebenzisa ezemidlalo njengeyona nto iphambili enokusetyenziswa kwiinzame zokuphungula umgangatho wolwaphulo-mthetho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4977.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Kukukhokela nokulungiselela ukufikeleleka kwemisebenzi engatshitshiyo yezoqoqosho kunye nengqesho yabo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika, oko kusenziwa ngokunyusa umgangatho wotyalo-mali, ze imveliso yoMzantsi Afrika ibe nokufikelelwa nangakumbi ziimalike zezizwe.
Ukudala indawo yorhwebelwano enobulungisa, esemgangathweni nesebenza kakuhle, oko kusenzelwa amashishini alapha nawangaphandle ndawonye nabasebenzisi bemveliso ngokunjalo.
Ngaloo ndlela i-DTI iya kube ikhokelela uqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika kwimo yokuhluma ekhawulezileyo nekwabelwanayo ngayo.
neendlela zokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4977.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukukhokela nokulungiselela ukufikeleleka kwemisebenzi engatshitshiyo yezoqoqosho kunye nengqesho yabo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika, oko kusenziwa ngokunyusa umgangatho wotyalo-mali, ze imveliso yoMzantsi Afrika ibe nokufikelelwa nangakumbi ziimalike zezizwe.
Ukudala indawo yorhwebelwano enobulungisa, esemgangathweni nesebenza kakuhle, oko kusenzelwa amashishini alapha nawangaphandle ndawonye nabasebenzisi bemveliso ngokunjalo.
Ngaloo ndlela i-DTI iya kube ikhokelela uqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika kwimo yokuhluma ekhawulezileyo nekwabelwanayo ngayo.
notyalo-mali neendlela zokuqala ishishini neendlela zokukhulisa ishishini neendlela zokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.4977.services.11444.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
IZiko leMveliso Ethengiselwa Amazwe Angaphandle lamiselwa kuMzantsi Kapa ukunyusa umgangatho wemveliso ephuma kule ngingqi. Imiswe kwi- Ziko Loshishino loMzantsi Kapa eGeorge, Ziko elo likhuphela imveliso kumazwe angaphandle linikezela abo bathengisela amazwe angaphandle abakhasayo nabasele bekhona ngengcebiso exabisekileyo kwakunye nolwazi lorhwebo.
Xa uRhulumente weSizwe ethetha-thethana ngezivumelwano zorhwebo olutsha, aBaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lezoRhwebo basasaza ulwazi ngezivumelwano kwabo bathengisela amanye amazwe imveliso yeli nakumanye amaqela anomdla. Ukongeza ekunikezeleni umsebenzi obhaliweyo ngezivumelwano zorhwebo, aba baphathi baphinda buqhubae amagumbi okusebenzela.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.4977.services.42570.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Xa ishishini libonakalisa ukuphila kombono walo, kwenkqubo, igama okanye imveliso, lingalikhusela eli xabiso ze lithintele nabanye abantu ekubeni bafumane iinzuzo zemali ndawo ngokuthi libhalise lo mbono njengelungelo layo eliyimveliso yeengcinga.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4986.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeSebe lezoThutho kukwenza amalungiselelo okubonelela ngenkqubo yothutho emaxabisoafikelekayo, ekhuselekileyo nengatshitshiyo, nkqubo leyo isabela iimfuno zabasebenzisi bezithuthi.
ukulawula inkqubo yezothutho nokuyigcina isemgangathweni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.4995.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leMicimbi yaManzi naMahlathi lilo elisingatha imicimbi emalunga namanzi namahlathi oMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuqinisekisa ubonelelo ngeenkonzo zamanzi ngendlela eyiyo ekuhlaleni.
Ukukhuthaza ukuphathwa kwamahlathi ngendlela engatshitshiyo.
Eli Sebe linoxanduva lokuqulunqa nokusungula imigaqo-nkqubo yokulawula la macandelo.
Ngeli xesha iSebe lizabalazela ukuqinisekisa ukufumana kwabo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika amanzi acocekileyo kunye neendlela zokucoca ezingenabungozi, icandelo lamanzi likhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela eyiyoukuze kuqinisekiswe uphuhliswa kwezoqoqosho nezentlalo yoluntu ngendlela engatshitshiyo.
Inkqubo yamahlathi ikhuthaza ulawulo lwamahlathi endalo eli lizwe kunye namahlathi orhwebo ngendlela engatshitshiyo ukuze esi sizwe sizuze kuwo ngalo lonke ixesha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.5001.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
IKhabhinethi ibandakanya uMongameli, uSekela-Mongameli, kwanaBaphathiswa. UMongameli ukhetha uSekela-Mongameli kunye naBaphathiswa, abanike amagunya nemisebenzi futhi angabagxotha. IKhabhinethi iyonke kwanabaphathiswa banikezela iingxelo ngenkqubela kwimisebenzi yabo kwiPalamente.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5004.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5022.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-Stats SA ijolise ekwaziseni ngophuhliso loqoqosho loluntu nasekunikezeleni ngolwazi olusemgangathweni ngokuthi inikezele ngezibalo ezingcono, indlela engcono yokufikelela kulwazi kwanolawulo olungcono.
Isoloko ifuneka: inikezele ngeenkcukacha, ulwazi nophicotho olufunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokubekwa kweliso kwisicwangciso-qhinga sokukhula nokuphuhla kwesizwe.
Ithembakale: ngokuvelisa iziphumo zezibalo ezinamagunya ngokwemigaqo efanelekileyo eyiqwalasela kakhulu imiba yokwahluka kweenkcubeko zabemi beli.
Ihambelane nobume besizwe: ukuba ngumbutho ohambelana namanani abemi beli lizwe ngokobuhlanga, isini ngokobudoda nobukhosikazi kwanokukhubazeka ngokwasenyameni.
Isoloko inempendulo: ukumelana neemfuno zezibalo zabantu ejongene nabo kurhulumente wesizwe, abamaphondo nabeedolophu, ezabasebenzi nolawulo, amaqumrhu angekho phantsi kukarhulumente ncam namaziko ophando, uluntu ngokubanzi kwanamaqela athi abe nomdla kwimiba ekhethekileyo.
Ukuphicotha uphando nemizekelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zimpazamo futhi nokuthi iziganeko zilandelelana ngendlela eyiyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.5042.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo ye-Independent Complaints Directorate kukuphanda izikhalazo zokungaziphathi kakuhle nolwaphulo-mthetho ekutyholwa ukuba lwenziwe ngamalungu eeNkonzo zobuPolisa zoMzantsi Afrika kwakunye nawee-Nkonzo zamaPolisa kaMaspala, kwanoku-ceba ukubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso Ukuzama ukunciphisa izehlo zokuziphatha ezidalwa zezi zikhalazo.
Abalawuli aba banoxanduva lokunyusa umgangatho onguwo wokuziphatha kwamapolisa ukuze kuphuhliswe iNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika equlethe umoya neenjongo zomgaqo-siseko. I-ICD ifuna ukuphuhlisa ukuzithemba koluntu kwimizamo ye-SAPS neye-ICD ukunqanda ukungaziphathi kakuhle kwamapolisa. Ikwazama ukuba liliso ekutshutshisweni kwaloo malungu afunyaniswe njengathabathe inxaxheba kwiintshukumo zokungaziphathi ngendlela eyiyo.
Ukuziphatha kwanesimilo samapolisa Esingafunwayo yiMimiselo yamaPolisa, esifana nokungayikhathaleli imisebenzi yawo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5042.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo ye-Independent Complaints Directorate kukuphanda izikhalazo zokungaziphathi kakuhle nolwaphulo-mthetho ekutyholwa ukuba lwenziwe ngamalungu eeNkonzo zobuPolisa zoMzantsi Afrika kwakunye nawee-Nkonzo zamaPolisa kaMaspala, kwanoku-ceba ukubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso Ukuzama ukunciphisa izehlo zokuziphatha ezidalwa zezi zikhalazo.
Abalawuli aba banoxanduva lokunyusa umgangatho onguwo wokuziphatha kwamapolisa ukuze kuphuhliswe iNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika equlethe umoya neenjongo zomgaqo-siseko. I-ICD ifuna ukuphuhlisa ukuzithemba koluntu kwimizamo ye-SAPS neye-ICD ukunqanda ukungaziphathi kakuhle kwamapolisa. Ikwazama ukuba liliso ekutshutshisweni kwaloo malungu afunyaniswe njengathabathe inxaxheba kwiintshukumo zokungaziphathi ngendlela eyiyo.
Ukuziphatha kwanesimilo samapolisa Esingafunwayo yiMimiselo yamaPolisa, esifana nokungayikhathaleli imisebenzi yawo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.5071.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5077.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5079.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5103.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5105.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5123.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uluntu lungazifaka izicelo zokwenza imibniso-bhanyabhanya ezindleleni zikawonkewonke. Ukuvunywa kwesicelo kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye kwephondo na. Ungadibana neKomishini iCape Film okanye ii-ofisi zeZibonelelo zeNdlela zePhondo ukuze kubonwe ukuba ngaba indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye phantsi kwephondo kusini na.
UMaspala ujongana nezicelo zokwenziwa kwemiboniso-bhanyabhanya ezitalatweni, iindela, iindlela zabahambi ngeenyawo nasekupheleni kweendlela. Inkampani yemiboniso kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba abahambi ngeenyawo kwanezithuthi ziya kukwazi ukusebenzisa indlela leyo njengesiqhelongamaxesha onke ngaphandle kwelo lalo mboniso-bhanyabhanya, ngaphandle kokuba kunikwe imvume yokuba kusetyenziswe ingingqi ethile. Ngokubanzi, ukuba ngaba indlela leyo kufuneka ivalwe, kufuneka kuvulwe enye.
Izicelo zokusebenzisa indlela yephondo ngeenjongo zokwenza umboniso-bhanyabhanya kufuneka zenziwe kwiSebe lezoThutho kwanakwiCandelo loLawulo leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu zingedlulanga iiveki ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba iqaleumboniso bhanya-bhanya lo.
Ingaba zikho ezinye izinto ezinxaxhileyo kumthetho iNational Road Traffic Act, 93 of 1996 (umzekelo, ukuqhuba ngaphezu kwesantya esimiselweyo, ukuqhutywa kwesithuthi esinevili lokuqhuba elisekhohlo, ukusetyenziswa kwesithuthi kwicala elingafanelekanga lendlela).
Isicelo kufuneka sibhekiselelwe kwicandelo elichaphazelekayo lezothutho lephondo eliya kuthi linike uncedo kwezothutho ngeendleko ezimiselwe ngokoncedo lwendlela elimi ngayo icandelo lezoncedo lwezothutho. Ukuvalwa kweendlela zephondo makungaphazamisani nezithuthi ngaphezu kwemizuzu elishumi.
Uyacelwa ukuba wenze isicelo sokufumana imvume kwiPhondo xa usenza umlinganiselo wesivumelwano esibophelelayo ekwenziweni kwalo mboniso bhanya yokwenza umboniso bhanya-bhanya okanye yokuthatha imifanekiso.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha dibana.
Uncediso kweZothutho: R48.
<fn>GOV-ZA.5139.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5141.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5148.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5158.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5160.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5168.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5172.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5178.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5180.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5182.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5198.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5200.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5208.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5210.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5216.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5218.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5222.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5229.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5239.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5269.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5277.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amasebe esizwe amabini, Elemicimbi Yemihlaba Nelezindlu anikezela ngeenkxaso-mali nangoncedo-mali lokuthenga okanye ukuphuhlisa imihlaba nezindlu. Nawuphi na umzi unokufumana ukuya kuma kwishumi elinesithandathu lamawaka eerandi kuncedo-mali lokuthenga nokuphuhlisa izindlu. Ayiyomali-mboleko le futhi akudingeki ukuba iphinde ibuyiswe.
Ukuba uhlala kuloo mhlaba futhi ufuna ukuwuthenga okanye ufumane imvume yokuhlala kuwo isigxina, ungasifaka isicelo sezi nkxaso-mali. Zisenokusetyenziselwa ukwakha izindlu nokufakelwa kwemibhobho yamanzi, ucoceko, imigaqo neengcingo.
uhlale kwikhaya elifumana ingeniso engaphantsi kwewaka elinesihlanu lamakhulu eerandi ngenyanga.
Ukuba amakhaya afuna ukufaka izicelo kunye angakwenza oko. Ingeniso yekhaya ngalinye kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwewaka elinamakhulu amahlanu eerandi ngenyanga.
abantu abaphulukana nomhlaba ngexesha lenkqubo localu-calulo ngokobuhlanga kodwa bengenakufumana mihlaba ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iRestitution of Land Act.
Le nkxaso-mali ingasetyenziselwa ukuqesha abacwangcisi nezinye iingcali zize kuncedisa ekucwangcisweni kokuzinza. Inokuhlawulela iinkonzo ezifana neentlawulo zamagqwetha, ucwangciso lokusetyenziswa komhlaba kwanokucwangciswa kwezibonelelo zokwakha nokuphuhlisa loo mhlaba.
Le nkxaso-mali yahlula-hlulwa njengesahlulelo umzi ngamnye onokusifumana kule nkqubo yokuzinza kuloo mhlaba. Isixa esihlawulwa iingcali sitsalwa kweli shumi linesithandathu samawaka eerandi sifunyanwa ngumzi ngamnye.
Ukhethe ummeli wasekuhlaleni ukuba afakele abahlali abo isicelo.
Uqhagamshelane ne-ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi Yemihlaba ze ugcwalise nephetshana lesicelo.
Le nkxaso-mali yenzelwe ukunceda oorhulumente bamakhaya ukuba bathengele abahlali imihlaba ukuze baphilise imfuyo yabo futhi batyale nezivuno zabo kuyo. Amalungu asekuhlaleni angaya kurhulumente weso sithili okanye wesixeko sabo acele ukukhutshwa komhlaba ongowabahlali bonke ukuze wonke ubani apho abe nokuvelisa kuwo. Basenakho nokuqhagamshelana neSebe Lemicimbi Yemihlaba lephondo labo.
Kufaka igalelo kwiintlawulo zaloo mhlaba.
Kubonisa iSebe Lemicimbi Yemihlaba iimpepha zezimali zabo.
Kuzinikela ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umhlaba lo uya kunikezelwa kuphela kubona bahlali bahluphekileyo.
Kunikezela ngoluhlu lwamalungu asekuhlaleni aya kusebenzisa loo mhlaba.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5288.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5293.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5307.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5312.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5320.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5325.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5327.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.53296.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
"Kucacile ukuba lo ngumbandela ongenazimpendulo zilula. Ngokwembali enabileyo ukusuka phaya emva kwisithuba seminyaka engaphezulu kwama-30 eyadlulayo, kananjalo neemvakalelo ezizikileyo kuluntu lwale ndawo, izicwangciso zokwenza inxalenye kuhola wendlela uN2 onqumla kwiindawo ezimeleneyo iHelderzicht/Paardevlei, zenze kwafuneka ukuba kukhuselwe isidima soluntu njengoko ezi ndawo zikwamele uqoqosho." La ngamazwi eNkulumbuso yeNtshona Koloni, uMarthinus van Schalkwyk, xa wayethetha noluntu olwaluxhalabile lwaseHelderberg ngoLwesibini.
INkulumbuso yayihamba noMphathiswa wezoThutho weNtshona Koloni, uTasneem Essop; uManejala woMmandla weSA National Roads Agency Limited (SANRAL), uKobus van der Walt; ooceba beengingqi kumnye naMalungu ePalamente amele la mmandla. Le ntlanganiso yayilolunye utyelelo lweNkulumbuso kunye noMphathiswa uEssop nolwalulandela ukuzibophelela kwabo ngo-Oktobha kunyaka ophelileyo, bezibophelela ekubeni kuya kubakho ukubonisana phakathi kweSANRAL kunye noLuntu.
" Siyayiqonda into yokuba lo hola wendlela uN2 ucetywayo yinto edala inkxalabo enkulu" itshilo iNkulumbuso, "Sikwayiqonda nento yokuba isenokukhokelela ekubeni kususwe izindlu ezithile kwanezinye zezakhiwo, kananjalo ize kwaneengxaki ezizezinye ezifana nokhuseleko lwabahambi-ngeenyawo, ingxolo kunye nokwahlula-hlulwa koluntu yindlela. Le miba asimicimbi ingenamsebenzi - kwaye noRhulumente weli Phondo uzimisele ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqwalaselwa ngamandla imeko yalo, kwaye inikwa ingqalelo ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe naluphi na uphuhliso."
"Indawo ethile kuN2 ehamba phakathi kweHelderberg kudala yathathwa njengeneengxaki - kuba ineendawo eziyalela ukuthotywa kwesantya silingane nama-70km/h, iintlangano eziliqela zeendlela kwanamagoso-goso eendlela ezidla ngokukhokelela kwisiminya-minya sothontelwano lweemoto, le ndlela ikwadala ukuxhalaba malunga nokhuseleko ezindleleni, "utshilo uMphathiswa uEssop.
Lo hola wendlela uN2 ucetywayo kulo mmandla wawucetywe ukususela ekupheleni koo-1970, xa uRhulumente wayethatha umhlaba owawufuneka. Le projekthi yakha yemiswa ebutsheni boo-1980 ngenxa yokungabikho kwemali, kanti noluntu belusoko lukuchasa oku. Kwaye kwaqwalaselwa ezinye iindlela yiSANRAL phaya ekupheleni koo-1990, kwaza kwakho isiphakamiso ekugqibeleni sokuba kuqhutyekwe nesicwangciso esasenziwe. Oku kucetywa kwale ndlela kwakhona kuyinxalenye yesicwangciso esikhulu sokuba kwenziwe uhlolo lokwenza indlela iToll-Road kuhola wendlela u-N1/N2.
" Siyalivuyela eli thuba lokuba sibonisane nabantu baseHelderzicht/Paardevlei kunye nabe-SANRAL," itshilo INkulumbuso, "Ngaphandle nje kokuba ide yabe indlela le iyaxhaswa ekugqibeleni ngu-SANRAL, uRhulumente wethu ke ngoko ufuna ukubaqinisekisa abantu bale ndawo ukuba akukho nto ibiya kugqibeka enjengesiphakamiso esipheleleyo sokwenziwa kwetoll-road."
INkulumbuso yoleke ngathi: "Kusekuninzi okusafuneka kwenziwe. I-SANRAL kufuneka igqibe ekubeni izichaze iinjongo zayo zokuba yenze le ndlela irhafelwayo, khon' ukuze wonke umntu kuzo zonke iindawo zoluntu ezichaphazelekayo afumane ithuba lokuzibhalisa ngokusesikweni naziphi na izinto ezimxhalabisayo. I-SANRAL kuya kufuneka idibane noRhulumente wethu wePhondo kunye neSixeko saseKapa, kanti nathi siya kubhalisa izinto ezisixhalabisayo. Kuya kuba semva kokuba ezi zinto sele ziqwalaselwe apho uMphathiswa weSizwe aya kukwazi ukwenza isigqibo ngokupheleleyo malunga nokuba azivume okanye azikhabe na ezi zicwangciso. Ukuba ngaba uthe wazivuma, kuya kumemelelwa iziphakamiso zokubiza amaxabiso (tender) - kwaye oku kuya kwenzeka kuphela ngokweemeko ezichaziweyo ukuhlangabezana nezo zinto zixhalabisayo."
"Kubalulekile ke ngoko, ukuba abantu baseHeldericht/Paardevlei basebenzise eli thuba ukuvakalisa okubaxhalabisayo xa abe-SANRAL begqibe ekubeni bayichaze eyona njongo yabo ngokwenza le ndlela ihlawulisayo, "itshilo iNkulumbuso. "Imibandela efana neebhlorho ezizizo zabahamba ngeenyawo nezezithuthi, imigqala ethintela ingxolo, imbonakalo-mhlaba efanalekileyo, kwaneendawo engenangxolo ekufuneka izikolo zalo mmandla zibhaliswe kuzo, kuba ezi zezona zinto zixhalabisayo zisemthethweni eziya kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngulowo uya kube engumbizi-maxabiso. Kwicala likaRhulumente wePhondo siya kubhalisa izinto ezixhalabisayo esithe sazaziswa - ekungabalulwa kuzo uqinisekiso lweendleko eziya kuza nolu lwenziwo lwale ndlela ihlawulelwayo, ingakumbi kwiinkalo zeendleko ezongezelelekileyo zokuphinda kwenziwe indlela ukuba aziyi kunyanzeliswa kubasebenzisi-ndlela, ngokuthi bahlawule amaxabiso axhome ngaphezu kweqondo. Njengoko kubalulekile ukuba andiswe uhola wendlela uN2, kufuneka siyibaleke nenkqubo eya kubabeka entlungwini abantu bendawo leyo iza kunqumla kuyo indlela le."
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<fn>GOV-ZA.53296.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kucacile ukuba lo ngumbandela ongenazimpendulo zilula. Ngokwembali enabileyo ukusuka phaya emva kwisithuba seminyaka engaphezulu kwama-30 eyadlulayo, kananjalo neemvakalelo ezizikileyo kuluntu lwale ndawo, izicwangciso zokwenza inxalenye kuhola wendlela uN2 onqumla kwiindawo ezimeleneyo iHelderzicht/Paardevlei, zenze kwafuneka ukuba kukhuselwe isidima soluntu njengoko ezi ndawo zikwamele uqoqosho. La ngamazwi eNkulumbuso yeNtshona Koloni, uMarthinus van Schalkwyk, xa wayethetha noluntu olwaluxhalabile lwaseHelderberg ngoLwesibini.
Siyayiqonda into yokuba lo hola wendlela uN2 ucetywayo yinto edala inkxalabo enkulu" itshilo iNkulumbuso, "Sikwayiqonda nento yokuba isenokukhokelela ekubeni kususwe izindlu ezithile kwanezinye zezakhiwo, kananjalo ize kwaneengxaki ezizezinye ezifana nokhuseleko lwabahambi-ngeenyawo, ingxolo kunye nokwahlula-hlulwa koluntu yindlela. Le miba asimicimbi ingenamsebenzi - kwaye noRhulumente weli Phondo uzimisele ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqwalaselwa ngamandla imeko yalo, kwaye inikwa ingqalelo ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe naluphi na uphuhliso."
INkulumbuso yoleke ngathi: "Kusekuninzi okusafuneka kwenziwe. I-SANRAL kufuneka igqibe ekubeni izichaze iinjongo zayo zokuba yenze le ndlela irhafelwayo, khon' ukuze wonke umntu kuzo zonke iindawo zoluntu ezichaphazelekayo afumane ithuba lokuzibhalisa ngokusesikweni naziphi na izinto ezimxhalabisayo. I-SANRAL kuya kufuneka idibane noRhulumente wethu wePhondo kunye neSixeko saseKapa, kanti nathi siya kubhalisa izinto ezisixhalabisayo. Kuya kuba semva kokuba ezi zinto sele ziqwalaselwe apho uMphathiswa weSizwe aya kukwazi ukwenza isigqibo ngokupheleleyo malunga nokuba azivume okanye azikhabe na ezi zicwangciso. Ukuba ngaba uthe wazivuma, kuya kumemelelwa iziphakamiso zokubiza amaxabiso (tender) - kwaye oku kuya kwenzeka kuphela ngokweemeko ezichaziweyo ukuhlangabezana nezo zinto zixhalabisayo."
Kubalulekile ke ngoko, ukuba abantu baseHeldericht/Paardevlei basebenzise eli thuba ukuvakalisa okubaxhalabisayo xa abe-SANRAL begqibe ekubeni bayichaze eyona njongo yabo ngokwenza le ndlela ihlawulisayo, "itshilo iNkulumbuso. "Imibandela efana neebhlorho ezizizo zabahamba ngeenyawo nezezithuthi, imigqala ethintela ingxolo, imbonakalo-mhlaba efanalekileyo, kwaneendawo engenangxolo ekufuneka izikolo zalo mmandla zibhaliswe kuzo, kuba ezi zezona zinto zixhalabisayo zisemthethweni eziya kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngulowo uya kube engumbizi-maxabiso. Kwicala likaRhulumente wePhondo siya kubhalisa izinto ezixhalabisayo esithe sazaziswa - ekungabalulwa kuzo uqinisekiso lweendleko eziya kuza nolu lwenziwo lwale ndlela ihlawulelwayo, ingakumbi kwiinkalo zeendleko ezongezelelekileyo zokuphinda kwenziwe indlela ukuba aziyi kunyanzeliswa kubasebenzisi-ndlela, ngokuthi bahlawule amaxabiso axhome ngaphezu kweqondo. Njengoko kubalulekile ukuba andiswe uhola wendlela uN2, kufuneka siyibaleke nenkqubo eya kubabeka entlungwini abantu bendawo leyo iza kunqumla kuyo indlela le."
<fn>GOV-ZA.5335.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5337.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5339.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5357.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5366.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5369.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5373.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5379.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.54692.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.54698.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.54700.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.55216.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5553.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5555.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5563.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
K. Lib@Mweb. Co.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.55696.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.5577.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5581.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5697.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5702.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5709.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5711.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.5728.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.5730.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.5732.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Jenny. Oaten@Capetown. Co.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.5736.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.5746.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5756.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5761.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.57610.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iimbasa Zamawonga ePhondo yaba semthethweni ngenxa yomthetho iProvincial Honours Act 9 ka-1999. Isahluko 6 soMgaqo-siseko weNtshona Koloni uthi mabanakanwe abantu abazuze lukhulu nabanikezele ngenkonzo egqwesileyo nelingene ukuwongwa beyinikezela kwiphondo leNtshona Koloni.
Fumana uluhlu olugcweleyo lwabantu abawongwayo, emnye kubo nesishwankathelo somsebenzi awenzileyo eluntwini. Eli wonga lanikezelwa kwimibhiyozo yoMhla Woxolelwaniso ngentyanga yoMnga ngo-2004 kwindawo yokuhlala yeNkulumbuso esesikweni, eLeeuwenhof.
Ngonyaka ka-2004 kutyunjwe abantu abafikelela kumashumi amane anesihlanu ukuze bafumane la mawonga. Abaninzi kwaba bantu batyunjwe apha bagqwese kumacandelo ezemidlalo, kwezemfundo, ubugcisa, inzululwazi, ukusebenzela uluntu, njalo-njalo. Ubusuku bokunikezelwa kwala mawonga wbabubanjwe ngomhla wesithathu kwinyanga yoKwindla ngo-2004 kwiNqaba yaseGood Hope.
Amathuba okutyunjwa kwabantu abaza kufumana la Mawonga ePhondo ngokwesiqhelo anhengezwa kuwo onke amaphepha-ndaba amakhulu aseKapa, nakunomathotholo. Eli ke lithuba lokuba uluntu ngokubanzi lutyumbe abantu abakholelwa ekubeni bakufanele ukunakanwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.5770.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5774.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5777.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5781.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5788.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isigulo esiqatha seso siqhubekeka ixesha elide okanye siphinde sibuye emva kwexesha elide. Ezinye zezona zigulo ziqatha sisifo semiphunga kwanesoxinzelelo lwegazi (ubushushu begazi).
Zintoni izifo ezondeleyo?
Izigulo ezondeleyo zinokudalwa yimfuzo kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibakho ngendlela aphila ngayo, kwakhona neemeko zokusingqongileyo, ziyazandisa, ezifana nokutshaya, ukutya okungafanelekanga, ukungazilolongi, nokusela okugqithisileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko ziyalawuleka, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibangelwa kukuhlupheka, nokungatyi kutya kusempilweni lo mzuzu umntu akhulelweyo.
Kukho umbandela wenkonzo obaluleke kakhulu onenjongo yokuthintela isigulo nokuvuselela imo yempilo, ngokungaphandle kokwalatha isigulo kwangethuba, ukulawula nokunciphisa ingozi.
Izigulo ezondeleyo ezibekwa kuqala zezi: ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi isifo soxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo sesifuba, isifo sokuwa, isifo sezintso, umhlaza, isifo sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemiphunga, kunye neswekile uHlobo lwesi 2 (iswekile yohlobo loku 1, olufunyanwa kubantwana abancinci, yiyona iqhelekileyo) Uninzi lwezi zifo zezethuba elide kwaye ezinye zazo azinakunyangeka, zinokuthintelwa kuphela.
Kumgangatho wokuqala wononophelo lwempilo inkonzo isekelezelwe ekuthinteleni ngokuthi kufundiswe abantu ngezibonelelo zendlela yokuphila esempilweni. Ikliniki nganye inomntu oqeshiweyo onezakhono zokufumana iziphumo zoxilongo nokulawula iimeko zezifo ezondeleyo ukuqalela kwabancinci ukuya kwabadala. Izigulana ziya kwazi ukubona umongikazi omnye xa ziphinda zibuya, xa ziza rhoqo kunyango lweswekile/ kwisifo soxinzelelo lwegazi okanye kwisifo sesifuba. Zinikwa ikhadi okanye into emaziyincamathisele kumacwecwe azo wona aqinisekisa ulondolozo oluqhubekekayo. Ukucebisa nokuthobela yingxenye yale nkonzo. Oogqirha namagosa ezonyango bayatshintshiselana ngokuvelela izigulana ezinezifo ezondeleyo ezisezibhedlele nasezikliniki.
Akho amalungiselelo enziweyo okuba izigulana (ingakumbi abadala) zingayi qho ezibhedlele nasezikliniki ngokuthi zinikwe amayeza aza kuthatha inyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu. Abasebenzi bade baqalisa nemibutho namaqela awodwa enkxaso ukulungiselela abantu abanezigulo ezondeleyo. Ngale ndlela ke izigulana zingathi zifumane ingcaciso ngononophelo lwempilo olulodwa nemfundo ebhekiselele kwiimeko zabo zempilo.
Xa impilo isiya isiba mandundu okanye izigulana zigula kakhulu, ziye zisiwe kumgangatho olandelayo wolondolozo.
Inikezelwe apha ngezantsi imizekelo yeendlela zokuthintela, zokulawula nokunyanga izifo ezondeleyo.
ISIFO SESIFUBA sichaphazela abadala nabantwana. Kukudumba okondeleyo kwemibhobho yomoya ebangelwa yinto ethile engavumelani nempilo yomntu. Isifo sesifuba asinyangeki, kodwa sinokulawulwa ngokuyimpumelelo ngokuthi kusetyenziswe amayeza yonke imihla. Ukuhlolwa nonyango lwabadala lwenziwa kwiikliniki zokulondoloza impilo zokuqala apho abagulayo baxilongelwa khona, luqala khona uvavanyo olulodwa nokunyanga abantu. Abagulayo bafundiswa ngendlela yokulawula izifo zabo zesifuba , baziswe ngemiba ezisenza mandundu ezinjengokutshaya, ukungazilolongi nothuli olusendlini. Izigulana ezihlaselwa kakhulu sisifo sesifuba zinokufuna uncedo lonyango olungxamisekileyo, zithunyelwe nasezibhedlele.
ISIFO SOXINZELELO LWEGAZI sisifo sendlela yokuphila esinokuthi sithintelwe size sinyangwe. Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlala lunyukile ithutyana elide, kuye kubekho ubuzaza. Ob buzaza budibanise imithanbo yegazi, intliziyo, izintso kunye namehlo. Izinto ezinokuthi zikhokelele kukufa kwelungu nasekufeni. Izigulana ezinesifo soxinzelelo lwegazi ziza kuxelelwa kumgangatho wokuqala wokulondoloza impilo ngendlela yokuphucula impilo yazo jikelele nangendlela yokunciphisa eminye imiba yesifo sentliziyo umzekelo ukuzilolonga, ukuyeka ukutshaya, utywala neziyobisi nokuphungula ukusebenzisa ityuwa. Ukuba kuthe emva kwazo zonke ezi zinto, uxinzelelo lwahlala luphezulu, uza kuchazelwa ngonyango. Kufuneka izigulana zibuye zize rhoqo ekliniki zizokujongwa zinikwe namayeza. Kufuneka izigulo ezinobuzaza ezifana nesifo sokufelwa lilungu lomzimba, isifo sentliziyo ukuyeka kwezintso zinyangwe kumgangatho wesibhedlele.
Iinkonzo yolondolozo lwezigulo ezondeleyo kwimigangatho emithathu - owokuqala ophakathi nowesithathu - ilungelelanisa ukuba abantu abafuna inkam-nkam bayifumane.
Ezi nkonzo zifumaneka kwiikliniki nezibhedlele zonke eziseNtshona Koloni. Abantu abaqalayo ukuza kwizibhedlele baza kucelwa ukuba bazalise iphetshana elifuna iinkcukacha zabo, ze bakugqiba bavulelwe icwecwe. Kufuneka beze nezazisi zabo. Kuza kufunwa incwadi yembalelwano ebasusa ekliniki ibase esibhedlele. Esibhedlele kuza kufunwa isiqinisekiso somvuzo waloo nyanga uye ngayo/ uxwebhu lokuhlola umvuzo (RP5) Ukuba ubukhe weza esibhedlele , yiza nekhadi lakho. Indlela yokuhlawula: Akuhlawulwa, kodwa ke ikho imali ehlawulwayo xa usiza esibhedlele, kwaye le ixhomekeke kumvuzo owamkelayo nakubantu abaxhomekeke kuwe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5791.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5805.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5818.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.58187.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Ziko llihlangeneyo ke sele liliziko elikumgangatho ophezulu eliqhutywa ziingcali ekubuyiseleni abantu kwiimo zengqondo nezomphefumlo zesiqhelo elijongana nokwamkela abantu abathunyelwe ngawo onke amanqanaba eenkonzo zeentuthuzelo (kwinqanaba lesithathu, elesibini, elezithili kwaneenkonzo zenqanaba lokuqala). Izigulana nazo sizenokuzithumela kwiklinikhi yezigulana ezingalaliswayo leli Ziko ukuze zifumane ukuhlolwa ngeenjongo zolawulo.
Iiklinikhi zamagxa, zezandla nezijongene nomchamo.
Ngokweemfuno zabantu beli phondo, iWCRC le iya kulungiselela uluntu olufikelela ku-485,950. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba ibhedi nganye iya kusetyenziswa ngabantu aba-3,115 kwabo bayisebenzisayo le nkonzo apha eNtshona Koloni.
I-WCRC le ikwanikezela nangesikhundla esisodwa seentshukumo zophando nezoqeqesho kuthotho lwabasebenzi becandelo lononophelo lwezempilo, basebenzi abo baquka oogqirha, abongikazi, iingcali zononophelo lwempilo yomzimba, iingcali zononophelo lwempilo yomsebenzi, iingcali zononophelo lwempilo yokuthetha, oonontlalo-ntle, njalo-njalo, ndawonye nabasebenzi abawuyelanga sikolweni umsebenzi wononophelo lwempilo abanjengabo banonophela izigulana emakhayeni azo.
Abantu abakhubazekileyo baye baqeshelwa ukuba babe ngamalungu eqela leenjineli ukuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa kwezidingo ezizodwa zabantu abakhubazekileyo.
Izakhiwo zengingqi erhangqe ezi ndawo zenziwe zakwazi ukumelana neemfuno zabantu abakhubazekileyo (iindawo zokuhamba abantu ezinetha, , iindawo zokuhamba ezipakini, iindawo zokungena kumaziko aneevenkile) kwakunye nokunyanzelisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwezithuthi kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwentshukumo zabantu abakhubazekileyo.
Amagosa amaziko aseburhulumenteni nawo abonise ukuziphawula iimfuno ezizodwa zabantu abakhubazekileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.5824.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5826.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5835.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5837.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5847.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
022 487 1350 Ext.
Mannym@Mmb3. Wcape. Gov.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5849.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
022 487 1350 Ext.
Mannym@Mmb3. Wcape. Gov.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5859.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5862.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
K. Lib@Mweb. Co.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5864.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5866.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5868.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5870.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5886.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5890.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5916.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5927.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5929.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.59300.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Lichaza ezona mpawu zale site.
Yayilwa ngokombono wommi: ingxam yayo kulula ukuyiqonda yaye ayiqulethanga magama anzima asetyenziswa eburhulumentente. Nceda usinike iimbono kwaneengcebiso zakho ukuze sibe nokusoloko sikwazi siziphumeza iimfuno zakho.
inxiwa leenkcukacha lale mihla: le site inamaphepha angaphaya kwama-25,000 kwanamaxwebhu ali-1,000 ajongana nemiba karhulumente wedolophu, owephondo nowesizwe.
Ingxam Entsha: ingxam entsha kule site ibhalwe ukusuka phantsi ukuze ichaze ngokuphandle iinkonzo zikarhulumente kwanendlela yokuzifumana.
Indlela elula yokufumana ulwazi: le site iququzelelwe ngeendlela eziqondakala lula kubanti bemihla ngemihla, umzekelo: ukuzala, umtshato, amashishini asakhasayo, njalo-njalo. Akufuneki de wazi ukuba urhulumente usebenza njani ukuze ufumane oko ukufunayo.
Ulawulo olongeziweyo kuwo: imbonakalo yale site ekulula ukuyitshintsha ithetha ukuba ungakwazi ukuyitshintsha ibe nobukhulu bamagama onokububona lula kwanohlobo lokuboba festile yokujonga.
Indlela yokuyila ecocekileyo, amaphepha akhaphu-khaphu: ulwazi lunokufumaneka ngokukhawuleza okungcono ngenxa yendlela le site eyilwe ngayo kwanamaphepha ayo awukhupha ngokukhawuleza umthwalo wawo.
Icandelo ngalinye lale site linombala ofumaneka kulo kuphela.
Ingxam egciwe kuvimba: yonke ingxam igcinwe kuvimba wethu ukuze ifumaneke lula kwixa elizayo.
Indlela enobuntu: emva kwale portal kukho iqela elilungele ukuphendula nayiphi na imibuzo efikayo. Bafumane kwidilesi ye-email ephendula ngoko nangoko, iziko leminxeba okanye iziko elindwendwelwayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.5936.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Candelo lifuna ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwenkonzo zolondolozo lwempilo. oluquletheyo nolusebenza kakuhle ekumgangatho ophakathi nakowengingqi.
lawula iGroote Schuur neRed Cross Children's academic complex.
lawula iTygerberg/ Dental academic complex.
lungelelanisa ezengqondo ezengingqi kunye nonikezelo lweenkonzo zolondolozo lwempilo olulodwa.
Nika iinkonzo yezempilo kaxakeka/ engxamisekileyo kwiNtshona Koloni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5944.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Candelo lineenjongo zokuqinisekisa iinkonzo neenkqubo ezifanelekileyo nezinempumelelo.
lawula iinkqubo ezixeliweyo zempilo zokuqinisekisa olona lungiselelo lililo nelidibeneyo kwimigangatho yonke.
qinisekisa iinkonzo zempiloezinempumelelo neziquletheyo zezithili.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.595.services.11444.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
IZiko leMveliso Ethengiselwa Amazwe Angaphandle lamiselwa kuMzantsi Kapa ukunyusa umgangatho wemveliso ephuma kule ngingqi. Imiswe kwi- Ziko Loshishino loMzantsi Kapa eGeorge, Ziko elo likhuphela imveliso kumazwe angaphandle linikezela abo bathengisela amazwe angaphandle abakhasayo nabasele bekhona ngengcebiso exabisekileyo kwakunye nolwazi lorhwebo.
Xa uRhulumente weSizwe ethetha-thethana ngezivumelwano zorhwebo olutsha, aBaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lezoRhwebo basasaza ulwazi ngezivumelwano kwabo bathengisela amanye amazwe imveliso yeli nakumanye amaqela anomdla. Ukongeza ekunikezeleni umsebenzi obhaliweyo ngezivumelwano zorhwebo, aba baphathi baphinda buqhubae amagumbi okusebenzela.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.595.services.11517.6515.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonkomama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo lolunye uhlobo lomhlaza olunakho ukuthinteleka kakhulu. Bonke omama kufuneka bafumane ukuhlolwa kwesibeleko (a pap smear) kanye kwiminyaka elishumi ukususela kubudala beminyaka engama- 30. Oku kuthetha ukuthi mayela neminyaka engama- 30, 40 kunye nama- 50 obudala.
Inkqubo yokuvavanya ijolise ekufumaneni nasekunyangeni iimpawu ezisaqalayo zomhlaza kumlomo wesizalo, eqhelwe ukubizwa njengo omlomo wesizalo. Uvavanyo luqukanisa ukuhlolwa kwesibeleko (or cervical smear), neyeyona ndlela ilula nekhawulezayo yokuvavanya ilungu langaphantsi loomama ukukhangela ukuba umlomo wesizalo uphilile na. Ezinye iiseli zomzimba ziyakhukuliseka ngokuthambileyo zimke kumlomo wesizalo yaye zithathwe zisiwe kumagumbi ovavanyo ziyokuxilongwa.
Ukuqapheliseka kokuqala kweeseli ezingaqhelekanga kuthetha ukuthi uphando oluthe xhaxhe lunakho ukwenziwa yaye nonyango lunakho ukunikezelwa ukuba kuyafuneka, ukuze kunqandwe ukuhambela phambili komhlaza.
Ngamanye amaxesha, iziphumo azicaci yaye kufuneke ukuba kuphindwe kuqatywe isidudu. Abafazi abasele belwenzile uvavanyo kufuneka baphindele eklinikhi baye kukhangela iziphumo zabo zovavanyo.
Khumbula, umxhamli unalo ilungelo lokucela inkcazelo yenkqubo kwangaphambi kwexesha.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo unakho ukuthintelwa ngokucezela ekubeni ube namaqabane amaninzi, ukusebenzisa iidyasi ukuthintela ukunwenwa kwentsholongwane yoluntu ekuthiwa yi human papillomavirus (eyayanyaniswa nomhlaza womlomo wesizalo) ukumisa ukwabelana ngesondo ude ube mdala, kwakunye nokungatshayi mdiza.
Hamba uye kwiklinikhi yakho yezonyango yasekuhlaleni. U kuba iziphumo zokuhlolwa kwesibeleko aziqhelekanga, kuya kufuneka ubhukishwe yaye incwadi yokudluliselwa phambili ifumaneke ukuze kubekho olunye uvavanyo kwakunye nonyango kwelinye iziko lonyango okanye isibhedlele somgangatho wesibini nowesithathu. Umxhamli kuya kufuneka abuyiselwe kwakhona kwiklinikhi ukuze ahambele khona kwizihlandlo ezilandelayo. Ukuba ungumhambeli weli ziko lempilo okokuqala, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu oluneenkcukacha zakho luya kuvulwa. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi, incwadi yokudluliswa (ukuba kuyanyanzeleka), naluphi na uhlobo lwamayeza owasebenzisayo kwakunye nekhadi leklinikhi/isibhedlele, ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe khona.
Umntu obhinqileyo unakho ukufumana uvavanyo lwesibeleko olusimahla kude kube zizihlandlo ezithathu ebomini bakhe, kube kanye kwiminyaka elishumi eqale kwiminyaka engama-30 ubudala bakhe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.595.services.11517.6517.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza. Ukuba kuthe kwafumaniseka iqhuma, uya kuthunyelwa kuphando oluthe xhaxhe, oluya kuhlanganisa imammogram, ukususwa nokuxilongwa kweqhuma elo ukufumanisa ukuba alinabungozi na (alinamhlaza) okanye linobungozi (linomhlaza) na, ze ke umntu lowo aqeqeshelwe ukumelana noku afumane nonyango.
Uqeqesho lokuzivavanya amabele ngokwakho luyanikezelwa kwiiklinikhi. Kufuneka umntu lowo adluliselwe kwiiklinikhi zezigulana ezingalaliswayo ezingahlali kuloo mmandla kwakunye nezibhedlele ezikudidi lwesithathu oluphezulu apho iinkonzo zonyango lomhlaza webele ezibanzi, zingafumaneka khona. Ukuba uyityelela okokuqala le iklinikhi kuyakudingeka ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhalisa kwakunye noxwebhu lwabatyeleli besi sbhedlele luya kuvulwa. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, ikhadi lakho leseklinikhi/lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe kwenye yezindawo kwakunye nencwadi yembalelwano esuka kweso sikuthumele kule klinikhi yonyango lomhlaza webele.
Iinkonzo zonyango kumaziko onyango lodidi lokuqala zifumaneka simahla kubantu phantsi kwe-medical aid. Ukuba uthi uthunyelwe kwisibhedlele, kusenokufuneka uhlawule. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka emvuzweni wakho nasekubeni bangaphi na abantu abaxhomekeke kuloo mvuzo. Izibhedlele ke ziya kucela ukuba uze nesona siqinisekiso somvuzo wakho sitsha/uvavanyo lomvuzo wakho (iphetshana iIRP5).
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<fn>GOV-ZA.595.services.11517.6524.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Impilo yokuzala iluxanduva ekwabelwana ngalo sisibibi esithandanayo. Ngoko ke, amadoda anendima ebalulekileyo ekufuneka eyidlalile yaye kufuneka enze okulindelekileyo ngoxanduva lwawo lokuthintela ukukhulelwa nokusebenzisa iintsilathi ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwa okungacwangciswanga kwanokusasazeka Kwezifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo, kuquka nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Amadoda namanina kufuneka ahlale phantsi namaqabane awo malunga neengcinga zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ze izibini ezo zincokole nangendlela eyamkeleke kubo bobabini yokwenza oko, nokuba ngubani na ekufuneka engoyena uyisebenzisayo le ndlela. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokwenza amadoda angaphindi afumane bantwana yinkqubo elula kakhulu ukuba angayenza amadoda.
Ngenxa yezi ngxelo zigcwele izwe lonke zamadodana athi asutywe kukufa ngenxa yokwaluswa ngendlela engakhuselekanga, la madodana kungoku nje angakhe ukugonywa simahla kwiiklinikhi zenqanaba lokuqala lonyango ukuqinisekisa ukuba basempilweni phambi kokuba baye kwiiindawo zesiko lokwaluka. Kanti la maziko ononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala akwanayo nenkqubo ekhuselekileyo nesempilweni yokwalusa. Le nkqubo ingenziwa kwiintsana ezingamakhwenkwana emva nje kokuzalwa kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo ohlukeneyo.
Kufuneka uye kwiklinikhi ekufutshane nawe yononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala. Abantu abawatyelela okokuqala la maziko/ezi zibhedlele zononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala kuya kufuneka bagcwalise iphetshana yokuba ngamalungu yaye baya kuvulelwa uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi nekhadi lakho laseklinikhi/lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhalisa kuloo kwelo ziko.
Inkonzo zeendawo zokuqala zogonyo lwempilo zisisimahla kubantu bonke abangekho ngaphantsi koncedo lukagqirha. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele, kungakho iindleko ezikhoyo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.595.services.11531.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Phambi kokuba ungene eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yexeshana. Kwizibuko lokungena, incwadana leyo iya kuthathwa ze wena unikwe iphepha-mvume lokuhlala kweli ixeshana elixela ukuba unokuhlala ixesha elingakanani yaye ngasiphi na isizathu. Kufuneka ufake izicelo ezixela izizathu zondwendwe lwakho, phambi kokuba uze kweli lizwe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.595.services.11533.17467.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba inkundla iyalele umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana, kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungahlawuli.
Uye kwi-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukhalaze. Kubalulekile ukuba wenze isikhalazo esisesikweni ngalo lonke ixesha uyise womntwana engahlawuli.
I-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana iyazigcina iinkcukacha zazo zonke iintlawulo azenzayo uyise womntwana. Ezi nkcukacha ziya kubonisa xa engahlawuli nokuba usemva ngamalini na.
Ukuba uyise womntwana uyaphangela ze angaphumeleli ukwenza intlawulo yesondlo somntwana, unina womntwana kufuneka acele inkundla yenze umyalelo wokufumana le ntlawulo isuka ngqo kumqeshi kayise womntwana.
Ukuba uyise womntwana nangoku akahlawuli, akawuthobeli umyalelo wenkundla. Oku kululwaphulo-mthetho. Inkundla iya kuthumela uyise isaziso esimcela ukuba eze enkundleni ngosuku oluthile. Kuya kufuneka ke achaze ukuba kutheni engakwazanga kuhlawula. Ukuba akanasizathu sibambekayo, inkundla ke ngokwesiqhelo iya kumxelela ukuba makahlawule yonke imali asemva ngayo, okanye uya kuthunyelwa ejele.
Kukho abantu ababizwa ngokuba ngabaphandi benkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abaya kunceda igosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukuba lifumane uyise womntwana ukuba uthe waduka.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana negosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana kwiNkundla kaMantyi ekufutshane nawe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.595.services.11536.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Xa umntu esweleka, usapho kufuneka lukuxele oko kusweleka kuMphathi weofisi Yokuzalwa Nokusweleka. Kufuneka bakwenze oku emva nje kokuba usapho lufumene isiqinisekiso sokusweleka kugqirha.
Xa ubhalisa ukusweleka neSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, uza kunikwa isiqinisekiso sokusweleka esifinyeziweyo.
Xa usweleka, izinto zakho zabelwa usapho lwakho okanye abantu ofuna bafumane ilifa lakho.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.595.services.11594.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ukuzama ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwecesina emthubi, abahambi abanqumla imida yamazwe apho icesina emthubi igqugqisa khona kufuneka besigonyelwe esi sifo. Siyintoni iSiqinisekiso seCesina eMthubi Ingaba ukhona umntu ongenakuba nayo uCesina eMthubi, wenzeka ntoni xa ungenaso esi siqinisekiso?
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe. Imiqathango yokungena uMzantsi Afrika, Ngubani ekufuneka efake isicelo sephetshana londwendwela okwexeshana Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana?
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika yaye uhambela elinye ilizwe, kuza kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5970.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wdr@Mbury. New. Co.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5972.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Sinokuba sisesona sibhedlele sidumileyo ehlabathi kuba sisisibhedlele apho kwenziwa khona umsebenzi wokuqala woqhaqho-fakelo-ntliziyo ngo-1967. Tyelela iZiko Lolondolozo Lwembali laseGSH ukuze ubone ukuba icandelo litshintshe njani ngokuhamba kweminyaka.
Noko kunjalo, mninzi umsebenzi ekusafuneka ubhiyozelwe owenziwa ngala masebe maninzi esi sibhedlele yaye bangaphezu kwama-3663 abasebenzi abanonophela izigulana ezingaphezu kwama-560 000 ezithunyelwa apha kwakunye nezo zilalisiweyo ngonyaka.
Uninzi lwezi meko lunobuzaza yaye esi sesinye sezona zizathu zenza ukuba iSGH le ibe liziko lokufundisa nelokunyanga elingungqa-phambili. Khawufumanise okunye ngeenkcukacha-manani zesi sibhedlele apha.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5974.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5978.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5981.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Onke la maphondo alithoba eli lizwe kwanawo onke amazwe eli lizwekazi liyi-Afrika abathumela kweli ziko abantwana ukuze bafumane iinkonzo ezigqibeleleyo zononophelo lwempilo yabantwana.
Esi sisibhedlele esinyanga abantwana abathunyelwe ngamanye amaziko -oku ke kuthethe ukuba sinyanga kuphela izigulana ezithunyelwe zezinye iiklinkhi nezinye izibhedlele ezincinanana - phambi kokuba ezo zigulana zibe zingathunyelwa kwesi sibhedlele sikwinqanaba eliphezulu. Esi sibhedlele sisebenza ngokuzinikela ekuqinisekiseni ukuba abantwana bayafikelela kunonophelo lwempilo yabo nakwiinkqubo zenkxaso kuwo wonke uMzantsi Afrika.
Eli ke liziko elizibalule ngokugqwesa kumsebenzi wokuqeqesha iingcali zononophelo lwempilo yabantwana kuwo onke amabakala.
Esi Sibhedlele Somnqamlezo Obomvu Sesikhumbuzo Semfazwe Esinonophela Impilo Yabantwana sithatyathwa njengeziko eliphambili eMzantsi Afrika kwizifundo zenqanaba labo bayityekezayo kunonophelo lwempilo yabantwana noqeqesho lobuchwepheshe kuqhaqho-fakelo lwamalungu omzimba.
Esi sibhedlele ke sinabasebenzi abaliwaka elinekhulu, ukuqalela kubabahlohli kweli candelo, oogqirha nabongikazi ukuya kwezinye izifundo ezisondeleyo kwizifundo zononophelo lwempilo, oomabhalane kwakunye nabo basebenzi bangayifundelanga imisebenzi yabo. Abafundi bamaziko emfundo aphakamileyo kwizifundo zononophelo lwempilo asondeleyo kweli ziko, abasele benezidanga nabangekabi nazo, kwanabo basuka kumazwe ngamazwe ehlabathi bafumana uqeqesho namava kumagumbi ononophelo lwempilo yezigulana nakwiiklinkhi zesi sibhedlele.
Ngo-2006 iSibhedlele Sabantwana Somnqamlezo Obomvu siya kube sibhiyozela iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu sisebenza! Hlala ukhangele ukuba kuya kube kusenzeka ntoni phi na.
<fn>GOV-ZA.5991.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.5993.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Indima yeli Candelo liyiNtloko kukulungelelanisa ingqondo nokunikezela ngeenkonzo zokunyanga ezizodwa kwingingqi,.
Lawula obunobuchule obudibene nezibhedlele zabagula ngengqondo.
Qinisekisa inkonzo yolondolozwa kwempilo kumgangatho wesi 2 oquletheyo kwi Sebe lezeMpilo.
Qinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwenkonzo yempilo enempumelelo nequletheyo kwizibhedlele ezi zodwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.5993.services.11505.6449.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zikho iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonyango lokuqala nonyango lwasesibhedlele lwabantwana, abafikisayo ebuntwini nabantu abakhulu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo bangafumana unyango kwiikliniki zonyango lokuqala zabagula ngengqondo.
Ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu emizimbeni yezigulane ezigulela ngaphandle kungenziwa kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala, ukuba ikho imfuneko yoko. Abantu abaxhomekeke kwiziyobisi, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesiyobisi nezinye izinto, banokuziva beneempawu ezingemnandi zokuyeka iziyobisi xa beyeka iziyobisi zabo. Ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu yindlela yezonyango yokungenelela nenceda ekunciphiseni uvakalelo ngokomzimba nangokomphefumlo, kanti nasekulawuleni iingxaki ezinokubangwa kukuyeka iziyobisi, ngaphambi kokuba umntu lowo aye kufumana olunye unyango nokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo.
Izibhedlele zeenqila (ezenqanaba lesibini) zibonelela abantu abaxhomekeke etywaleni nakwiziyobisi ngeenkonzo zokukhutshwa kotyhefeko emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuba balaliswe kumaziko onyango ukuze bafumane olunye unyango nokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo.
Iziko i-De Nova Treatment Centre ese-Kraaifontein lifumana uncedo-mali olupheleleyo kwiSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo-ntle kwaye libonelela ngonyango lokuxhomekeka etywaleni nakwiziyobisi. Le nkonzo yeyabantu abangenamndla ngokwezimali kunye nabo bathunyelwa kuyo licandelo lezomthetho. Iinkonzo zabagula ngengqondo nasemphefumlweni zifumaneka ngamaxesha athile kwiingcali zabagula ngengqondo, ngcali ezo ziqeshwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Amanye amaziko onyango lwabasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo naphantsi kweeNGOs abhalisiwe kwaye afunyaniswa isabsidi liSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo-ntle. Imbinana yamaziko abucala okunyanga abasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo ineelayisenisi ezikhutshwe liSebe lezeMpilo ukuze ibonelele ngeenkqubo zonyango ndawonye neenkqubo zokukhupha utyefeko emzimbeni. Isibhedlele i-Stikland sibonelela izigulane ezilalisiweyo ngeenkonzo zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo emva kokusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo.
Iziko ngalinye lineendlela ezithile zokuthumela izigulane ezibhedlele kwaye ezo ndlela zingafumaneka ngokuthi umntu azidibanise neziko elo, wona maziko adweliswe kwi-ncwadi-salathisi yabagula ngengqondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6001.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6005.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6015.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6066.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkqubo zeMpilo zineenjongo zokulawula iinkqubo zempilo eziqinisekisa ilungiselelo elikumgangatho ophezulu noluhlangeneyo kwimigangatho yonke.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6072.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Owona msebenzi unguwo weMetro District Health Services kukunika inkonzo yokuqala yempilo equletheyo, ingakumbi kumaqela anemivuzo esezantsi (amkela kancinci) kwiMetropole. iCandelo lizamela ukunikezela inkonzo yempilo esemgangathweni, efikelelekayo, efumanekayo, esebenza kakuhle. kubo bonke abantu bengingqi ye metropole. Loo nto iyenza ngesakhiwo senkonzo yempilo kawonke wonke, ngenkonzo yezibhedlele ezikuMgangatho 2 nelungiselelo lenkxaso yenkonzo yezempilo. Kwakhona ifuna ukuseka , ukuxhasa, ukulungelelanisa iinkonzo yempilo equletheyo enesiseko sengingqi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6072.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Owona msebenzi unguwo weMetro District Health Services kukunika inkonzo yokuqala yempilo equletheyo, ingakumbi kumaqela anemivuzo esezantsi (amkela kancinci) kwiMetropole. iCandelo lizamela ukunikezela inkonzo yempilo esemgangathweni, efikelelekayo, efumanekayo, esebenza kakuhle. kubo bonke abantu bengingqi ye metropole. Loo nto iyenza ngesakhiwo senkonzo yempilo kawonke wonke, ngenkonzo yezibhedlele ezikuMgangatho 2 nelungiselelo lenkxaso yenkonzo yezempilo. Kwakhona ifuna ukuseka , ukuxhasa, ukulungelelanisa iinkonzo yempilo equletheyo enesiseko sengingqi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6072.services.11441.11441.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Eli Thala Lophuhliso Noqeqesho Kiwizakhono liseKarl Bremer Complex eBelville, linikezela ingakumbi ngeenkonzo kubasebenzi bakarhulumente wephondo, abafundi kwakunye nezikhulu kumaphulo oqeqesho.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6080.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo weCandelo kukunika inkonzo yempilo yokuqala equletheyo, ingakumbi kwiqela elamkela imivuzo emincinci. Izamela ukunikezela inkonzo yempilo esemgamgathweni, efikelelekayo efumanekayo nenempumelelo kubantu bonke baseBholandi/ kwingingqi ye Overberg.
Ngokumisela, ngokulungelelanisa nokuhlenga-hlengisa iinkonzo zempilo.
Kuseka, ngokuxhasa nangokulungelelanisa iinkonzo zempilo ezinesiseko sengingqi.
Kumisela , ngokulungelelanisa nokuhlenga-hlengisa inkqubo zokulawula ingcaciso neenkonzo ezibhekiselele kwezempilo.
IZibonelelo zolawulo mali neenkonzo zenkxaso.
IZibonelelo zeenkonzo zolawulo lwezabasebenzi.
Kumisela , ngokulungelelanisa nokuhlenga-hlengisa inkqubo zokulawula ingcaciso neenkonzo ezibhekiselele kwezempilo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6084.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6086.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Owona umsebenzi unguwo weCandelo kukunika inkonzo yempilo yokuqala, ingakumbi kumaqela amkela imivuzo emincinci.
Kwakha, ngokuxhasa ulungelelaniso lweenkonzo zempilo ezinesiseko sengingqi.
IZibonelelo zokulawulwa kweenkonzo zezimali.
IZibonelelo zeenkonzo zolawulo lwezabasebenzi.
IZibonelelo zeenkonzo zezamachiza.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6088.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6092.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6097.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Sdelarey. Lib@Plett. Gov.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6102.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6104.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6122.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6124.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ibeke kwizinga eliphezulu ukunikezelwa kwenkonzo yonyango lweHIV/AIDS/STI.
Phuhlisa, ijonge , ihlenga-hlengise ize ilungelelanise inkqubo zeSifo-sephepha.
Inikeze uqeqesho lweAIDS, ingcaciso nokucebisa kwiSebe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6146.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6187.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6214.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6216.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6229.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6252.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6254.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6258.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6268.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Struisbaai Local Council, Cnr 1st & Duining Str.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6272.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6277.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kobie@Sdm. Dorea. Co.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6285.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6291.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6293.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.62935.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.62957.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6299.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Amaqurhu awahlukeneyo oMbuso nangekho phantsi kukarhulumente abonelela ngohlangulo olungxamisekileyo kwaneenkonzo zothutho. Ezi nkonzo zoncedo olungxamisekileyo zibonelela ngoncedo kuloo ndawo yengozi kwizigulana ze zithwale izigulana zizise ezibhedlele.
UMetro unceda abantu abagulayo ixesha elingangeeyure eziyi 24 aze akhuphe izithuthi zabagulayo nabenzakeleyo abase kumancedo onyango afanelekileyo.
INtshona-koloni inezithuthi ezimalunga nama 400, ezidibanisa nezohlangulo, ezoncedo olungxamisekileyo, ezokuthutha izigulana kunye nee-ambulensi. iAmbulensi nganye inabantu ababini abaqeqeshiweyo abazakunika ulondolozo olungxamisekileyo. Uncedo olo lukhutshwayo luxhomekeke kwiziqu zemfundo abanazo, oluquka inkxaso yobomi yokuqala, ephakathi, nekwinqanaba eliphezulu Izidanga zemfundo zokuhlangula zixhobisa istafu ngolwazi nobuchwephesha obufunekayo ekuncedeni iimeko zonyango zohlangula ezikumgangatho ophezulu. iBhunga leeNgcaphephe zokungxamisekileyo/ zikaXakeka zoMzantsi Afrika zalatha imfundo namanyathelo/migangatho yoqeqesho elungiselela iStafu soLondolozo lukaXakeka/ oluNgxamisekileyo kwaye lufuna ukuba babhalise ngaphambi kokuba bakwazi ukusebenza.
Impendulo ekhutshwayo yononophelo olungxamisekileyo lwezonyango nexesha elithathwayo ukusa abantu ezibhedlele lixhomekeke kubunjani bengxaki yesigulana nobude bamancedo ukusuka kweso siganeko, okanye kulo ndawo inengozi.
inombolo yefowuni ekunokuthi kufowunelwe kuyo xa kukho into.
Ukuze inkonzo enempumelelo iqhube isebenza, abantu mabayisebenzise inkonzo ye ambulensi xa kukho ingxaki ngenene.
Inkonzo yoMoya eyiRed Cross Mercy isetyenziswa xa abantu abagulayo besuka kwindawo ezikude besiya kwizibhedlele zodidi lwesithathu eKapa. Le nkonzo ayisetyenziswa ngqo ngabantu koko isetyenziswa zingcali zezempilo.
Amavolontiya abaluleke kakhulu kule nkonzo kwaye akhona amaqela amavolontiya kwiidolophu zonke zeNtshona koloni. La maqela afumaneka kwiinkonzo ze-ambulensi kwiingingqi zone eNtshona Koloni. Ukongeza jonga iinombolo ngezantsi.
Xa ufuna ukuba livolontiya ungadibana neCandelo lenkonzo lasePinelands kule nombolo 021 511 5154 uze ucele umlungelelanisi wamaqela amavolontiya. Kumaxesha amaninzi uza kuya kudliwano-ndlebe, emva kokuba ujoyinile ke njengevolontiya uza kuya kwimisebenzi yee- ambulensi. Kuza kufuneka uye kumgangatho woku 1,2, 3 nekhosi ezintathu enikwa ngabantu abasebenza kwinkonzo yonyango (paramedics). Uphinde usiwa kwiikhosi ezimfutshane kwi- Academy of Emergency Medical Care eCape Technikon.
i-SA Red Cross Society Western Cape: ifowuni (021) 797 5360; redcape@africa.
Xa ufuna ulondolozo lonyango olukhawulezileyo fowunela i Nombolo kaXakeka yoNyango lweSizwe engu 10177 kwaye i ambulensi iza kukhutshwa kwenye yala maziko ase Ntshona koloni.
Wonke umntu uza kuyinikwa le nkonzo isekelezelwe kwintlawulo. Ukuba ukwiskimu se medical aid uza kubhataliswa imali efanayo yesigulana ekuvunyelwene ngayo kwiiskimu zeMedical aid,.ukuba akunayo uza kwabhataliswa ngokomvuzo owamkelayo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6299.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amaqurhu awahlukeneyo oMbuso nangekho phantsi kukarhulumente abonelela ngohlangulo olungxamisekileyo kwaneenkonzo zothutho. Ezi nkonzo zoncedo olungxamisekileyo zibonelela ngoncedo kuloo ndawo yengozi kwizigulana ze zithwale izigulana zizise ezibhedlele.
INtshona-koloni inezithuthi ezimalunga nama 400, ezidibanisa nezohlangulo, ezoncedo olungxamisekileyo, ezokuthutha izigulana kunye nee-ambulensi. iAmbulensi nganye inabantu ababini abaqeqeshiweyo abazakunika ulondolozo olungxamisekileyo. Uncedo olo lukhutshwayo luxhomekeke kwiziqu zemfundo abanazo, oluquka inkxaso yobomi yokuqala, ephakathi, nekwinqanaba eliphezulu Izidanga zemfundo zokuhlangula zixhobisa istafu ngolwazi nobuchwephesha obufunekayo ekuncedeni iimeko zonyango zohlangula ezikumgangatho ophezulu. iBhunga leeNgcaphephe zokungxamisekileyo/ zikaXakeka zoMzantsi Afrika zalatha imfundo namanyathelo/migangatho yoqeqesho elungiselela iStafu soLondolozo lukaXakeka/ oluNgxamisekileyo kwaye lufuna ukuba babhalise ngaphambi kokuba bakwazi ukusebenza.
Impendulo ekhutshwayo yononophelo olungxamisekileyo lwezonyango nexesha elithathwayo ukusa abantu ezibhedlele lixhomekeke kubunjani bengxaki yesigulana nobude bamancedo ukusuka kweso siganeko, okanye kulo ndawo inengozi.
indawo echanelekileyo enesehlo eso, ukwenzakala okanye isigulo ubunjani bengxaki yonyango okanye imeko yohlangulo inombolo yefowuni ekunokuthi kufowunelwe kuyo xa kukho into.
Ukuze inkonzo enempumelelo iqhube isebenza, abantu mabayisebenzise inkonzo ye ambulensi xa kukho ingxaki ngenene.
Inkonzo yoMoya eyiRed Cross Mercy isetyenziswa xa abantu abagulayo besuka kwindawo ezikude besiya kwizibhedlele zodidi lwesithathu eKapa. Le nkonzo ayisetyenziswa ngqo ngabantu koko isetyenziswa zingcali zezempilo.
Amavolontiya abaluleke kakhulu kule nkonzo kwaye akhona amaqela amavolontiya kwiidolophu zonke zeNtshona koloni. La maqela afumaneka kwiinkonzo ze-ambulensi kwiingingqi zone eNtshona Koloni. Ukongeza jonga iinombolo ngezantsi.
Xa ufuna ulondolozo lonyango olukhawulezileyo fowunela i Nombolo kaXakeka yoNyango lweSizwe engu 10177 kwaye i ambulensi iza kukhutshwa kwenye yala maziko ase Ntshona koloni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6301.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6303.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6305.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6311.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6317.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.63187.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6319.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6321.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.63211.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6328.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6332.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6338.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zeMpilo zezokusiNgqongileyo zephondo ziphicotha (zijonga zize zihlole), zilungelelanise zixhase iinkonzo zempilo zokusingqongileyo kwiphondo.
zenza iinkqubo zempilo zokusingqongileyo kwephondo, izikhokelo, izithethe namabakala ziqinisekisa urhulumente onentsebenziswano namasebe achaphazelekayo esizwe nawephondo nabanye abanomdla.
ziphanda zize zinike ingxelo kuyo yonke imibuzo yabaphathiswa.
zenze zize zilungelelanise iimpendulo zempilo yokusingqongileyo ngokubhekiselele kulawulo lwentlekele.
zilawule inkqubo yengcaciso yokusingqongileyo zephondo zenze zize zikhuphe amagalelo empilo okusingqongileyo zephondo ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso olutsha nokusetyenziswa komhlaba.
ziphicothe ukululamela izibonelelo zokukhanya nezinto zokhanyo zeSebe lezeMpilo likaNdlunkulu.
zalathe iimfuno zoqeqesho / nezemfundo zamaGosa eMpilo okuSingqongileyo (EHP) kwiphondo nokulungiselela ukumiselwa kweenkqubo zoqeqesho/ neeprojekthi.
zilawule inkonzo yoluntu lweEHP kwiphondo kudityaniswe nomlungelelanisi weNkonzo zoLuntu.
zilawule ukungeniswa kwezinto ezisuka kwamanye amazwe , ukwenziwa kwezinto, nokuthengiswa kwezinto eziyingozi (nokunika ilayisensi) ze zilungelelanise ukuphandwa kwetyhefu yezityalo kunyango lwezolimo nezemfuyo yasekhaya.
ICodex Alimentarius yinxenye yesivumelwano sorhwebelano noMzantsi Afrika esiqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kokutya okunye namabakala/ imigangatho efanayo iyasetyenziswa kwilizwe liphela. Iflag liqela elicebisayo elisebenza ngokwenza imithetho yokutya. eMzantsi Afrika.
Xa ufuna enye ingcaciso , nceda udibane namagosa ezempilo alapha ngezantsi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6346.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6348.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6350.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wesfleur. Library@Capetown. Gov.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6356.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6358.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umntu ofuna ukuzazi ukuba wosulelwe na yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo angaya ekliniki okanye nakweliphi na uncedo lwempilo lukawonke-wonke lokuya kuzifunela uvavanyo neengcebiso. Umntu uyazithabathela isigqibo sokuya kuvavanyo - akukho mntu unokunyanzeliswa ukuba aye kwenza uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Amanyathelo angundoqo ekufuneka ethatyathiwe kukufumana iingcebiso ngaphambi kolu vavanyo, uvavanyo buqu kwaneengcebiso ezinikezelwa emva kwalo.
Apha e-ATIIC iingcebiso kuqala lunikezelwe iingcebiso ngaphambi kovavanyo olo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yingcali yempilo yengqondo ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu lowo ufumana ingcaciso eyaneleyo ukuze enze isigqibo spkuba alwenze na olo vavanyo okanye hayi. Incoko ke ke yenziwayo bucala yaye iyimfihlelo, futhi ke iqulethe ulwazi ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo/ngoGawulayo kwanovavanyo olo. Emva kokufumana ezo ngcebiso ngaphambi kovavanyo umntu lowo angazithabathela isigqibo sokuba aqhubekeke na nolo vavanyo okanye hayi. Umntu ke kufuneka anikezele imvume yokwenziwa kovavanyo ngokuthi agcwalise ze atyikitye iphetshana eligunyazisa oko.
Umntu unakho nokunikezela ngelungelo lakhe lokutyikitya eli phetshana lemvume komnye umntu. Umzekelo, umzali okanye ummeli womntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-14 angavuma ukuba umntwana lowo angaluthatha uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Abantwana ke abangaphezu kweminyaka eli-14 abavumileyo ukuthatha uvavanyo kufuneka bazinikwe iziphumo zeemvavanyo zabo. Olu lwazi ke alunakudluliselwa kubazali baba bantwana ngaphandle kwemvume yabo.
Akuvumelekanga ukuvavanya abasebenzi kwindawo yabo yempangelo ngaphandle kokuba loo nto ivunywa yiNkundla Yabasebenzi, ngokuthobela iSahluko 7 somthetho i-Employment Equity, wama-55 ka-1998.
Uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo luvavanyo oluchanekileyo lenzululwazi olubonisayo ukuba umntu wosulelwe yile Ntsholongwane okanye hayi kwaye lusoloko lusenziwa kwigazi lomntu. Amaziko amaninzi ovavanyo asebenzisa Indlela Ekhawulezileyo Yokuvavanya, nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umntu uthi azifumane iziphumo zakhe kwimizuzu nje engamashumi amabini.
Ingxelo ekhawulezileyo yovavanyo inikwa umntu ngexesha lokufumana iingcebiso emva kovavanyo olo. Kwaneli ke ityeli lovavanyo neengcebiso likwayimfihlelo eyaziwa ngumvavanywa nomvavanyi kuphela yaye neziphumo zaziwa nguye kuphela, kuba kungekho mthethweni into yokunika umntu ingxelo zakhe nokuba unayo nokuba akanayo ungayifumenanga imvume yalo mntu, ubegqiba kwenza olo vavanyo. Ukuba umntu akachatshazelwanga yile ntsholongwane uza kucetyiswa ngengozi zokwabelana ngesondlo ezikhuselekileyo aphinde afundiswe nangokusebenzisa ntsilathi. Xa umntu kufumaniseke ukuba unayo, uza kucetyiswa ngendlela amakazamkele ngayo ezi ndaba, anikwe nengcaciso ngokwabelana ngesondo okukhuselekilyo nangokutya okunika impilo ekufuneka ekutyile. Umntu anganikwa iingcebiso eziqhubekekayo okanye athunyelwe kwiqela lenkxaso okanye kumbutho. Umama ekufumaniseke ukuba unayo uza kuthunyelwa ukuba azimanye neNkqubo Yokuthintela Ukosuleleka Kosana.
Abacebisi kwiphondo baqeqeshwa liZiko loqeqesho likaGawulayo Nelengcaciso.(ATICC) elisePlumstead, eKapa. Ngamavolontiya odwa asebenza Kwimibutho engekho phantsi kukaRhulumente anokuthi acele ukuqeqeshwa.
Kuyimfuneko ukwenza idinga lokuzisa kuvavanyo neengcebiso zakwa-ATTIC.
Uvavanyo ozifunele ngokwakho ke kwakunye neengcebiso zifumaneka kwiikliniki nakumaziko ononophelo lwempilo yoluntu. Xa ingekhoyo le nkonzo kwezi ndawo zingentla umntu lowo makathunyelwe kwiqumrhu elinazo ezi nkonzo zeengcebiso okanye kwelinye ke iziko elinazo.
Abantu abaqalayo ukutyelela loo kliniki okanye elo ziko lempilo yoluntu bayakucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana elifuna iinkcukacha zabo ukuze umntu ngamnye enzelwe noxwebhu lwakhe. Kufuneka umntu eze nencwadi yakhe yesazisi.
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 763 5320/1/2/3.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6366.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6372.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6374.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Amachiza okwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwabaneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo ngamayeza asetyenziswa ekunyangeni abantu abosuleleke yintsholongwane kaGawulayo (ebangela ukudodobala kwamajoni omzimba).
Kukuthini ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Yintoni unyango ngamachiza okwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwabaneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo?
Ngubani ekufuneka ethabathe unyango lwala machiza?
Unyango ngamachiza okwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwabantwana abaneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo?
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye intsholongwane ebangela ukudodobala kwamajoni omzimba womntu, ngunobangela wokosuleleka yi-HIV. Xa umntu sele osulelekile yile ntsholongwane, kuba njalo ubomi bakhe bonke. Kuthi emva kwexesha elide le ntsholongwane ikhule ibe nguGawulayo ngenkqu (isifo esele singenile esibangela ukudodobala kwamajoni omzimba). UGawulayo angakhula kuphela emva kweminyaka emininzi umntu wosuleleka yile ntshongwane.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo isuleleka komnye umntu ngeencindi zomzimba. Eyona ndlela inokufane uyifumane ngayo le ntsholongwane kukufunyanwa ziincindi zomzimba womntu osele enayo ngexa nisabelana ngesondo. Umntu ngamnye kubantu abathandathu okanye abasibhozo eMzantsi Afrika unentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Akumelanga kuba nabantu owabelana nabo ngesondo abaninzi, nqwa nokuba kungafunekanga ukuba wabelane ngesondo rhoqo ukuze wosuleleke yile ntsholongwane.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo ingosuleleka kwanangegazi okanye isuke kumama onayo iye kusana lwakhe ngexa lokukhulelwa kwakhe, ngexa lokubeleka okanye ngexa encancisa umntwana wakhe ubisi lwebele. AYOSULELI ngokuphuzana, ukusebenzisa isitya okanye ifolokhwe enye, okanye ngokusebenzisa indlu yangasese enye.
Ukunqandwa kokosuleleka nokunizela ngolwazi kuya kusoloko kungundoqo kwindlela iSebe lezeMpilo elijongana ngayo nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo.
Yithi xha ekwabelaneni ngesondo - Le yeyona ndlela ithembakeleyo yokuzikhusela ekosulelekeni yintsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Amaqabane kufuneka asoloko ethembakele - Soloko usabelana ngesondo nomntu omnye kuphla. Lo mntu naye kufuneka angabelani ngesondo nabani na omnye yaye abe kanti akanayo le ntsholongwane okanye ezinye izifo ezosuleleka ngenxa yokwabelana ngesondo.
Sebenzisa Ikhondom Rhoqo - Zisebenzise ngalo lonke ixesha usabelana ngesondo iikhondom, futhi uzisebenzise ngendlela eyiyo.
Umzimba wakho unamajoni awukhuselayo ze akugcine uphilile. Le ntsholongwane ibulala la majoni emzibeni wakho (abizwa ngokuba zii-CD4 cells) Ngaphandle kwezi CD4 cells, umzimba wakho awukwazi tu ukuzikhusela kumagciwane.
Kuyithatha intsholongwane kaGawulayo iminyaka emininzi ephakathi kwemithathu nengama-20 ukuze iwonakalise onke amajoni omzimba wakho, ngoko ke kulixesha elide phambi kokuba la majoni abe mancinci kangangokuba awanakuwukhusela umzimba wakho.
Inqanaba 1: Ngeli xesha "amajoni" asenawo noko amandla. Umntu onenqanaba lokuqala lale ntsholongwane uphila kakuhle futhi naye usaziva mnandi. Amadlala abangela ukudumba entanyeni nasemiphakathweni aqhelekile - abonisa ukuba amajoni omzimba alwa nale ntsholongwane.
Inqanaba 2: Njengoko indlela yokubala ye-CD4 iya isehla izigulo ezingephi zinokuvela, njengamaqhakuva kulusu okanye isifo sorhudo. Abantu abanenqanaba 2 lokosuleleka banozifumana besehla ngokwasemzimbeni.
Inqanaba 3: Isifo sephepha sisifo esiqhelekileyo senqanaba 3 eNtshona Koloni. Abantu abanenqanaba 3 lokosuleleka banokufumana amagciwane athile emilonyeni yabo. Ukwehla kobunzima bomzimba okongezelekileyo nokurhuda kwinqanaba 3. Ezinye izigulwana, ezifana nenyumoniya, nazo zingavela. Abantu abanenqanaba 3 lokosuleleka kufuneka basebenzise iyeza elaziwa ngokuba yi-co-trimoxazole, elinceda ekunqandeni izifo zesifuba nokurhuda, ntsuku zonke.
Inqanaba 4: Umntu onentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwinqanaba 4 lokosuleleka usemngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zizifo ezisoloko zizungula amathuba okungena emzimbeni. Ezi ke zizifo, ezingena kuphela kubantu abanamajoni omzimba aphelelwe kakhulu ngamandla okulwa nezifo (ICD4 abala ngaphantsi kwama-200 cells/ mm3). Xa esinye sezi zifo sivela, umntu lowo uthathwa njengonoGawulayo.
Izifo ezininzi ezihlasela abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo ziyanyangeka, ingakumbi xa bezigonyelwe kwangexesha. Ezinye zinakho nokunqandwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo baye kubona oogqirha okanye abongikazi babo xa bengaziva mnandi, ukuze ezo ngxaki zisonjululwe ngoko nangoko.
La machiza ngamayeza anikwa abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuvalela le ntsholongwane egazini. Oku ke yindlela yomzimba wakho yokulwa nezifo ukuba ibuyele empilweni (indlela yokubala ye-CD4 ingenyuka). Abantu abasebenzisa la machiza kancinci futhi iingxaki abebenazo, ezifana nokurhuda kwanamaqhakuva ebusweni, ziyaphela.
Ukuba la machiza asetyenziswa ngokuthembakala nangendlela eyiyo, amayeza awo angayinciphisa le ntsholongwane iye kuma kwinqanaba egazini apho ingenakukwazi kuphinda ilinganiselwe (ingafumaneki).
Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo abaludingi unyango ngamachiza okwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwabantu abanentsholongwane kaGwulayo/Gawulayo xa amajoni emizimba yabo esenamandla (Amanqanaba 1, 2 nele-3). Unyango ngala machiza lufuneka kuphela xa amajoni alwa nezifo emzimbeni ephelelwa ngamandla. Olu nyango kufuneka kucingwe ngalo ukuba umntu omdala onentsholongwane kaGawulayo unendlela yeCD4 yokubala iicells ezingama-200, okanye xa sele ehlaselwe sisifo esikhulu (senqanaba 4).
La mayeza okunyanga abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo/abanoGawulayo awayi kusebenza kakuhle xa engasetyenziswa ngentembeko. Abantu abacinga ukuzinyanga ngokuthi basebenzise la machiza kufuneka bakulungele ukuthatha iipilisi ntsuku zonke, kabini ngosuku. Abantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa ngendlela engeyiyo amachiza, umzekelo: ukusela utywala ngaphaya kokuqonda, bakufumana kunzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa amayeza ngokuthembeka ntsuku zonke. Iingxaki zokungasetyenziswa kakuhle kwamachiza kufuneka kuqale kusonjululwe zona phambi kokuba kuqalwe ngamayeza okunyanga intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo.
Abantwana abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo badinga kuphela unyango ngala machiza ukuba indlela yemizimba yabo yokulwa nezifo sele iphelelwe ngamandla. Abantwana abaninzi abanale ntsholongwane baphila kamnandi besempilweni iminyaka emininzi phambi kokuba badinge unyango ngala machiza.
Abantwana badinga unyango ngamachiza onyango lwale ntsholongwane xa beguliswa zizifo ezinento yokwenza nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, okanye ukuba banepesenti esezantsi ye-CD4.
Amachiza okulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo ayingxenye yonyango lwabantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangahlala besempilweni iminyaka emininzi phambi kokuba bafikelele kwinqanaba apho badinga unyango lwamachiza okulwa nale ntsholongwane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo bazimase inkonzo yononophelo lwempilo yabo yenqanaba lokuqala ukusoloko kusaziwa ukuba bandawoni na nale ntsholongwane. Abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka kwinyongo yabo yonyango nonophelo lwenqaba lokuqala rhoqo xa bengaziva mnandi.
Unyango ngala machiza okulwa netsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo lufumaneka kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo kwiphondo lonke. Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo abafuna unyango ngala machiza bangakufumana oko ngokuthunyelwa yinkonzo yabo yonyango yenqanaba lokuqala. Zonke iindawo zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala kweli phondo zinalo ilungelo lokuthumela izigulana zazo kunyango ngamachiza okulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwiindawo olufumaneka kuzo.
Abantu abayindwendwela okokuqala eklinikhi/isibhedlele esikwinqanaba lesibini okanye lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze bavulelwe icwecwe. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi. Icwadi yembalelwano esuka kwiklinikhi ekuthumele apho iyafuneka xa usiya esibhedlele. Okunye, izibhedlele ziya kukucela ukuba uzinike esona siqinisekiso sitsha somvuzo/sengeniso yakho ukuzama ukukuvavanya ngokwasezimalini(IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhalisa ngaphambili kweso sibhedlele.
Unyango ngala machiza okulwa netsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo lufumaneka kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo kwiphondo lonke. Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo abafuna unyango ngala machiza bangakufumana oko ngokuthunyelwa yinkonzo yabo yonyango yenqanaba lokuqala. Zonke iindawo zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala kweli phondo zinalo ilungelo lokuthumela izigulana zazo kunyango ngamachiza okulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwiindawo olufumaneka kuzo.
Abantu abayindwendwela okokuqala eklinikhi/isibhedlele esikwinqanaba lesibini okanye lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze bavulelwe icwecwe. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi. Icwadi yembalelwano esuka kwiklinikhi ekuthumele apho iyafuneka xa usiya esibhedlele. Okunye, izibhedlele ziya kukucela ukuba uzinike esona siqinisekiso sitsha somvuzo/sengeniso yakho ukuzama ukukuvavanya ngokwasezimalini(IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhalisa ngaphambili kweso sibhedlele.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6374.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngubani ekufuneka ethabathe unyango lwala machiza?
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye intsholongwane ebangela ukudodobala kwamajoni omzimba womntu, ngunobangela wokosuleleka yi-HIV. Xa umntu sele osulelekile yile ntsholongwane, kuba njalo ubomi bakhe bonke. Kuthi emva kwexesha elide le ntsholongwane ikhule ibe nguGawulayo ngenkqu (isifo esele singenile esibangela ukudodobala kwamajoni omzimba). UGawulayo angakhula kuphela emva kweminyaka emininzi umntu wosuleleka yile ntshongwane.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo isuleleka komnye umntu ngeencindi zomzimba. Eyona ndlela inokufane uyifumane ngayo le ntsholongwane kukufunyanwa ziincindi zomzimba womntu osele enayo ngexa nisabelana ngesondo. Umntu ngamnye kubantu abathandathu okanye abasibhozo eMzantsi Afrika unentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Akumelanga kuba nabantu owabelana nabo ngesondo abaninzi, nqwa nokuba kungafunekanga ukuba wabelane ngesondo rhoqo ukuze wosuleleke yile ntsholongwane.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo ingosuleleka kwanangegazi okanye isuke kumama onayo iye kusana lwakhe ngexa lokukhulelwa kwakhe, ngexa lokubeleka okanye ngexa encancisa umntwana wakhe ubisi lwebele. AYOSULELI ngokuphuzana, ukusebenzisa isitya okanye ifolokhwe enye, okanye ngokusebenzisa indlu yangasese enye.
Ukunqandwa kokosuleleka nokunizela ngolwazi kuya kusoloko kungundoqo kwindlela iSebe lezeMpilo elijongana ngayo nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo.
Amaqabane kufuneka asoloko ethembakele - Soloko usabelana ngesondo nomntu omnye kuphla. Lo mntu naye kufuneka angabelani ngesondo nabani na omnye yaye abe kanti akanayo le ntsholongwane okanye ezinye izifo ezosuleleka ngenxa yokwabelana ngesondo.
Sebenzisa Ikhondom Rhoqo - Zisebenzise ngalo lonke ixesha usabelana ngesondo iikhondom, futhi uzisebenzise ngendlela eyiyo.
Kuyithatha intsholongwane kaGawulayo iminyaka emininzi ephakathi kwemithathu nengama-20 ukuze iwonakalise onke amajoni omzimba wakho, ngoko ke kulixesha elide phambi kokuba la majoni abe mancinci kangangokuba awanakuwukhusela umzimba wakho.
Inqanaba 1: Ngeli xesha "amajoni" asenawo noko amandla. Umntu onenqanaba lokuqala lale ntsholongwane uphila kakuhle futhi naye usaziva mnandi. Amadlala abangela ukudumba entanyeni nasemiphakathweni aqhelekile - abonisa ukuba amajoni omzimba alwa nale ntsholongwane.
Inqanaba 2: Njengoko indlela yokubala ye-CD4 iya isehla izigulo ezingephi zinokuvela, njengamaqhakuva kulusu okanye isifo sorhudo. Abantu abanenqanaba 2 lokosuleleka banozifumana besehla ngokwasemzimbeni.
Inqanaba 3: Isifo sephepha sisifo esiqhelekileyo senqanaba 3 eNtshona Koloni. Abantu abanenqanaba 3 lokosuleleka banokufumana amagciwane athile emilonyeni yabo. Ukwehla kobunzima bomzimba okongezelekileyo nokurhuda kwinqanaba 3. Ezinye izigulwana, ezifana nenyumoniya, nazo zingavela. Abantu abanenqanaba 3 lokosuleleka kufuneka basebenzise iyeza elaziwa ngokuba yi-co-trimoxazole, elinceda ekunqandeni izifo zesifuba nokurhuda, ntsuku zonke.
Inqanaba 4: Umntu onentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwinqanaba 4 lokosuleleka usemngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zizifo ezisoloko zizungula amathuba okungena emzimbeni. Ezi ke zizifo, ezingena kuphela kubantu abanamajoni omzimba aphelelwe kakhulu ngamandla okulwa nezifo (ICD4 abala ngaphantsi kwama-200 cells/ mm3). Xa esinye sezi zifo sivela, umntu lowo uthathwa njengonoGawulayo.
Izifo ezininzi ezihlasela abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo ziyanyangeka, ingakumbi xa bezigonyelwe kwangexesha. Ezinye zinakho nokunqandwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo baye kubona oogqirha okanye abongikazi babo xa bengaziva mnandi, ukuze ezo ngxaki zisonjululwe ngoko nangoko.
La machiza ngamayeza anikwa abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuvalela le ntsholongwane egazini. Oku ke yindlela yomzimba wakho yokulwa nezifo ukuba ibuyele empilweni (indlela yokubala ye-CD4 ingenyuka). Abantu abasebenzisa la machiza kancinci futhi iingxaki abebenazo, ezifana nokurhuda kwanamaqhakuva ebusweni, ziyaphela.
Ukuba la machiza asetyenziswa ngokuthembakala nangendlela eyiyo, amayeza awo angayinciphisa le ntsholongwane iye kuma kwinqanaba egazini apho ingenakukwazi kuphinda ilinganiselwe (ingafumaneki).
Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo abaludingi unyango ngamachiza okwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwabantu abanentsholongwane kaGwulayo/Gawulayo xa amajoni emizimba yabo esenamandla (Amanqanaba 1, 2 nele-3). Unyango ngala machiza lufuneka kuphela xa amajoni alwa nezifo emzimbeni ephelelwa ngamandla. Olu nyango kufuneka kucingwe ngalo ukuba umntu omdala onentsholongwane kaGawulayo unendlela yeCD4 yokubala iicells ezingama-200, okanye xa sele ehlaselwe sisifo esikhulu (senqanaba 4).
La mayeza okunyanga abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo/abanoGawulayo awayi kusebenza kakuhle xa engasetyenziswa ngentembeko. Abantu abacinga ukuzinyanga ngokuthi basebenzise la machiza kufuneka bakulungele ukuthatha iipilisi ntsuku zonke, kabini ngosuku. Abantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa ngendlela engeyiyo amachiza, umzekelo: ukusela utywala ngaphaya kokuqonda, bakufumana kunzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa amayeza ngokuthembeka ntsuku zonke. Iingxaki zokungasetyenziswa kakuhle kwamachiza kufuneka kuqale kusonjululwe zona phambi kokuba kuqalwe ngamayeza okunyanga intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo.
Abantwana abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo badinga kuphela unyango ngala machiza ukuba indlela yemizimba yabo yokulwa nezifo sele iphelelwe ngamandla. Abantwana abaninzi abanale ntsholongwane baphila kamnandi besempilweni iminyaka emininzi phambi kokuba badinge unyango ngala machiza.
Amachiza okulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo ayingxenye yonyango lwabantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangahlala besempilweni iminyaka emininzi phambi kokuba bafikelele kwinqanaba apho badinga unyango lwamachiza okulwa nale ntsholongwane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo bazimase inkonzo yononophelo lwempilo yabo yenqanaba lokuqala ukusoloko kusaziwa ukuba bandawoni na nale ntsholongwane. Abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka kwinyongo yabo yonyango nonophelo lwenqaba lokuqala rhoqo xa bengaziva mnandi.
Unyango ngala machiza okulwa netsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo lufumaneka kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo kwiphondo lonke. Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo abafuna unyango ngala machiza bangakufumana oko ngokuthunyelwa yinkonzo yabo yonyango yenqanaba lokuqala. Zonke iindawo zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala kweli phondo zinalo ilungelo lokuthumela izigulana zazo kunyango ngamachiza okulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwiindawo olufumaneka kuzo.
Abantu abayindwendwela okokuqala eklinikhi/isibhedlele esikwinqanaba lesibini okanye lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze bavulelwe icwecwe. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi. Icwadi yembalelwano esuka kwiklinikhi ekuthumele apho iyafuneka xa usiya esibhedlele. Okunye, izibhedlele ziya kukucela ukuba uzinike esona siqinisekiso sitsha somvuzo/sengeniso yakho ukuzama ukukuvavanya ngokwasezimalini(IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhalisa ngaphambili kweso sibhedlele.
Unyango ngala machiza okulwa netsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo lufumaneka kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo kwiphondo lonke. Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo abafuna unyango ngala machiza bangakufumana oko ngokuthunyelwa yinkonzo yabo yonyango yenqanaba lokuqala. Zonke iindawo zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala kweli phondo zinalo ilungelo lokuthumela izigulana zazo kunyango ngamachiza okulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwiindawo olufumaneka kuzo.
Abantu abayindwendwela okokuqala eklinikhi/isibhedlele esikwinqanaba lesibini okanye lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze bavulelwe icwecwe. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi. Icwadi yembalelwano esuka kwiklinikhi ekuthumele apho iyafuneka xa usiya esibhedlele. Okunye, izibhedlele ziya kukucela ukuba uzinike esona siqinisekiso sitsha somvuzo/sengeniso yakho ukuzama ukukuvavanya ngokwasezimalini(IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhalisa ngaphambili kweso sibhedlele.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6385.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6387.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Lukhona unyango lwezifo ezinamathuba athile , kwaye ziyanyangeka , azifani neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ezo zifo zidibanisa urhudo, isifo sephepha, ukungenwa yingqele ngaphakathi nekhandida enokufunyanwa lula ngumntu onesifo seNtsholongwane kuba amajoni akhe okulwa nezifo akomelelanga. Lukhona unyango lokosulelwa zizifo ezinamathuba athile kubantu abaneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo nabangenaye. Kufuneka baye ekliniki, abantu ababonakalisa impawu zezizifo, apho baza kunikwa amayeza aza kulwa nezi zifo, abonise ukuba ziyazehlisa ngama-50% kubantu abanoGawulayo. Iphondo eli liyinxenye yeNkqubo yokuDibana iDiflucan, eyenza ichiza iDiflucan efumaneka kwiindawo zamancedo eziyi-62, ama-39 ayo afumaneka kwiikliniki zempilo yokuqala. Eli chiza linyanga ipaseji ephakathi komqala nesisu (oesophageal candidias) nokukrala kwenwebu yentloko (cryptococcal meningitis). Khumbula ke xa uye kwangethuba ekliniki uyokuzihlolela iNtsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo, uze uzifumanise ukuba uneNtsholongwane kaGawulayo, ungalifumana kwangethuba unyango lokuthintela oku kosulelwa zezizifo zinamathuba okuvela.
Ungalufumana unyango kuwo onke amancedo ononophelo lokuqala lwempilo. Xa kuyimfuneko ungasiwa kwikliniki eyodwa kaGawulayo (specialist Aids clinic) ekwisibhedlele iGF Jooste ekwingingqi yeMetropole. Zingama-20 iikliniki zikaGawulayo onokuthunyelwa kuzo kwiphondo. Abantu abaqalayo ukundwendwela ikliniki/ isibhedlele esikumgangatho ophakathi nokowesithathu baza kucelwa bazalise ifomu ukuze bavulelwe nefolda. Kufuneka beze nencwadi yabo yesazisi. Kananjalo beze neleta ebasusa ekliniki ibase esibhedlele xa bendwendwela isibhedlele. Izibhedlele ziza kucela isijungqe sabo sokwamkela senyanga yokugqibela (payslip) /umhlolo wabo womvuzo (IRP). Kufuneka uze nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba ubukhe weza esibhedlele ngaphambili.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6387.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ungalufumana unyango kuwo onke amancedo ononophelo lokuqala lwempilo. Xa kuyimfuneko ungasiwa kwikliniki eyodwa kaGawulayo (specialist Aids clinic) ekwisibhedlele iGF Jooste ekwingingqi yeMetropole. Zingama-20 iikliniki zikaGawulayo onokuthunyelwa kuzo kwiphondo. Abantu abaqalayo ukundwendwela ikliniki/ isibhedlele esikumgangatho ophakathi nokowesithathu baza kucelwa bazalise ifomu ukuze bavulelwe nefolda. Kufuneka beze nencwadi yabo yesazisi. Kananjalo beze neleta ebasusa ekliniki ibase esibhedlele xa bendwendwela isibhedlele. Izibhedlele ziza kucela isijungqe sabo sokwamkela senyanga yokugqibela (payslip) /umhlolo wabo womvuzo (IRP). Kufuneka uze nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba ubukhe weza esibhedlele ngaphambili.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6389.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukosulelwa kosana ngunina kwenzeka xa intsholongwane kaGawulayo, intsholongwane ebangela uGawulayo, ithe yadluliselwa ukusuka kumama isiya kusana olungekazalwa ngethuba lokukhulelwa, ngethuba lokubeleka okanye ngethuba lokuncancisa.
Yintoni Inkqubo Yokunqanda Ukosulelwa Kosana Ngunina?
Xa umama esiya ekliniki, iCandelo lokubelekisa okanye isibhedlele, kutyelelo lwakhe lokuqala lwaphambi kokufumana usana, uye anikwe iingcebiso aze abuzwe ukuba uyafuna kusini na ukwenza uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Iziphumo ziba yimfihlelo, oko kuthetha ukuba ngumcebisi nomsebenzi kwiziko lezempilo kuphela abathi baxoxe ngeziphumo, bona bantu bajongene nonina wosana.
Ukuba umama wosana uthabatha uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo aze afumaniseke enayo le ntsholongwane, uya kuthi akhethe ukuba uyafuna ukungenela inkqubo yokunqanda ukosulelwa kosana ngunina engahlawulelwayo. Njengenxalenye yale nkqubo, umama wosana uya kuthi anikwe i-Nevirapine neZidovudine, iyeza elilwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Eli yeza linciphisa kuphela amathuba okudluliselwa kwentsholongwane esemzimbeni kamama kusana lwakhe ngethuba luzalwa. Ukudluliselwa kwayo ngethuba lokuzalwa kosana yinto eqhelekileyo, nenomlinganiselo ophakathi kwama-60 nama-86 eepesenti zokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane ukusuka kumama isiya elusaneni lwakhe.
Abantwana abafumana le ntsholongwane ngethuba oonina bebathwele okanye ngenxa yokuncanca ibele, abasayi kukhuselwa liyeza elilwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Eli yeza lisetyenziselwa kuphela ukuzama ukukhusela usana. Alizukunyanga mama unentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Iingcebiso malunga nokondla ezinikezwa oomama abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo ziyafumaneka. Oomama bayakhethiswa phakathi kokuncancisa kuphela isithuba esiziinyanga ezine ukuya kwezintandathu, okanye basebenzise ubisi olungumgubo ukondla iintsana zabo. Ukuncancisa qha kuthetha ukuba usana malunikwe kuphela ubisi lwebele, hayi iti, amanzi, okanye isiselo esifunxwe kwincindi yeziqhamo. Oku kunciphisa amathuba okudluliselwa kwentsholongwane ekubisi lwebele elusaneni. Oomama abakhetha ukusebenzisa ubisi olungumgubo baya kuthi bafumane ubisi olungumgubo iinyanga ezintandathu. Baya kuthi bafumane iinkonkxa ezimbini zobisi olungumgubo ngethuba bekhululwa esibhedlele emva kokubeleka, baze bafumane iinkonkxa ezisibhozo ngenyanga kwikliniki yabantwana ekufutshane nabo.
Iintsana ziyavavanywa iiveki de zibe ngama-14 xa bendwendwela isibhedlele eso okwesithathu ukuza kukhangelwa ukuba abanayo kusini na le ntsholongwane. Ukuba abanayo, umntwana kuye kungabisafuneka ukuba afumane i-Co-trimoxazole. Ukuba umntwana ufunyenwe enayo le ntsholongwane, kuya kuphinda kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo xa eneenyanga ezili-18, aze aqhubeke ne-Co-trimoxazole. Ukuba umntwana uthe wabe enayo le ntsholongwane, kuya kufuneka ukuba afumane inkathalelo eyodwa ubomi bakhe bonke.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo ingaphila ixesha elide (iminyaka ephakathi kwemithathu neli-10) emzimbeni kamama ngethuba yena eziva ephile qete yaye engabikwa hlaba. Kungesi sizathu ke apho oomama bakhuthazwayo ukuba baye rhoqo ekliniki ukuya kufumana amayeza esi sifo sizithathela amathuba, ukuzigcina bephilile ithuba elide. Umama uyakhuthazwa ukuba asebenzise isingxobo sokuzikhusela ngalo lonke ixesha echaphazeleka kwisenzo sokwabelana ngesondo, ukuze akhusele iqabane lakhe ukuba lingosulelwa yile ntsholongwane, okanye yena angayifumani ngakumbi le ntsholongwane ukuba bobabini banayo.
Umama uya kuthi afumane neengcebiso malunga nokukhetha ukucwangcisa emva kokufumana usana. Abasebenzi bezempilo baya kumkhuthaza umama ukuba axelele uyise wosana ukuba unale ntsholongwane, ukuze naye avavanywe. Oku kungenzeka ngoncedo lomcebisi okanye umsebenzi wezempilo. Kubalulekile ukuba umama angenele iqela eliza kumnika inkxaso nolwazi ngokutya ukutya okusempilweni nangendlela yokuzikhathalela yena nosana lwakhe. Akho amaqela asemthethweni enkxaso yaye ulwazi malunga nawo lungafumaneka kwikliniki ekufutshane nawe.
Khumbula ukuba ubukho bezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo kwandisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Yiya kwiZiko Lokubelekisa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nakwiikliniki ezisisigxina okanye ezikwiinqwelo ezihamba-hambayo nakumaziko ezempilo. Ukuba uthunyelwa kumgca ongentla, uya kuthunyelwa kwizibhedlele ezisedolophini okanye elalini yakho okanye kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Abo batyelela okokuqala ekliniki okanye kwisibhedlele esiphezulu baya kuthi bacelwe ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo, ze umguli lowo avulelwe iqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi. Kuza kufuneka ileta yokuthunyelwa kwakho othi uyifumane ekliniki ngethuba utyelela esibhedlele.
<fn>GOV-ZA.63910.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho intlaninge yamaziko kwilizwe lonke nakumaphondo, maziko lawo ajongana nobuqhetseba norhwaphilizo kurhulumente.
UMgaqo-siseko wadala iOfisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu njenge-ofisi ezimeleyo ukuze ijongane ze iphande izikhalazo eziza noluntu ngamaziko okanye amagosa karhulumente. UMkhuseli Woluntu unamandla okuza neziphakamiso zentshukumo enokulungisa kwanokunikezela ngeengxelo. UMkhuseli Woluntu uhlala kwesi sikhundla ixesha eliyiminyaka esixhenxe phambi kokuba uMongameli aphinde aqashe uMkhuseli Woluntu omtsha.
Iinkonzo zoMkhuseli Woluntu zifumaneka simahla kwaye zivuleleke kumntu wonke. Xa ufaka isikhalazo kwi-Ofisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu, abasebenzi bayo baza kuphanda loo mba yaye ukuba eso sikhalazo siqinisekisiwe, baya kuzama ukuyilungisa loo meko. UMkhuseli Woluntu ujongana nezikhalazo ngendlela eyimfihlelo.
igosa lezolonyulo amaziko angekho phantsi kukarhulumente ngokugqibeleleyo, afana noEskom okanye uTelkom amabhunga angumvuka wemithetho karhulumente ethile, Yoluntu amabhunga abekwe yimithetho ethile, efana neBhunga Eliphanda Ngenzululwazi Yoluntu (iHSRC ngamafuphi) okanye iBhunga Elenza Uphando Ngenzululwazi Noshishino (iCSIR ngamafuphi).
ulawulo olunamakhwiniba ukungathembakali okanye ukusebenza ngendlela engamkelekanga ngeemali zoluntu ukuzityebisa ngendlela engeyiyo ukuzifumana ukwindawo ekuncedayo ngokungalunganga.
izigwebo nezigqibo zenkundla iintshukumo zabucala ezenziwe ngabantu abazimeleyo iinkampani zabucala oogqirha namagqwetha abucala.
Ubhalele Umkhuseli Woluntu.
Ubume besikhalazo sakho.
Imbangi nemvelaphi yesikhalazo eso.
Izizathu ezibangela ukuba uzive ufuna ukuba isikhalazo sakho siphandwe nguMkhuseli Woluntu.
Amanyathelo osele uwathabathile ukuzama ukusombulula loo ngxaki ngokwakho (ukuba ebekho). Kufuneka ukhankanye amagama amagosa obusoloko usebenza nawo kule nyewe, iintsuku, nokuba kwaphela kusithiwani na. Iikopi zayo nayiphi na imbalelwano phakathi kwakho naloo magosa kufuneka zincanyathiselwe kule ncwadi yembalelwano.
Inombolo yomnxeba apho unokufumaneka khona, ukuba ikho onayo.
Kumaxesha athile uMkhuseli Woluntu unokufuna uthethe phantsi kwesifungo phambi kokuba aqalise ngophando lwakhe.
Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ingxaki yakho ngumba uMkhuseli Woluntu anokuyiphanda na, okanye ukuba awukwazi ukubhala, ungatsalela umnxeba iofisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu. Apho kukho abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abaza kuphulaphula isikhalazo sakho, sisincinci sisikhulu, ze benze uphando.
Usenakho nokundwendwela le Ofisi ukuze nibe nodliwano-ndlebe okanye indibano, ukuba ungathanda. Kungcono ubhale kuqala ze ucele udliwano-ndlebe kuloo ncwadi yembalelwano.
Naluphi na urhwaphilizo kuRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni lungaxelwa kwiCandelo iForensic Audit elikwiSebe leNkulumbuso. Olu rhwaphilizo luquka amaxesha obuqhophololo, ubuqhetseba, ubusela nokusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwempahla karhulumente.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuba imiba ingaphandwa kakuhle, ulwazi oluneenkcukacha ezipheleleyo ngolo rhwaphilizo uluxelayo luyafuneka.
Lukumila kunjani (umzekelo: ubusela, ubuqhophololo, ubuqhetseba)?
Lwenzeka njani, phi?
Ingaba le yingxaki eqhubekekayo futhi kusisithuba esingakanani iqhubekeka?
Unabo nabuphi na ubungqina ngolu rhwaphilizo Umzekelo, xa unikezela ingxelo ngobusela, ingaba uyayazi impahla ebiweyo ukuba ifihlwe phi?
Ingaba ukho omnye umntu owaziyo ngolu rhwaphilizo futhi angafuna na ukunikezela ubungqina kumagosa enza uphando?
Ungakwazi ukwenza ingqikelelo yelahleko ngokwezimali ngolo rhwaphilizo?
Ngoobani amagama amagosa karhulumente arhanelekayo, asebenza kweliphi iSebe yaye aphethe ziphi izikhundla apho?
Ngoobani amagama amanye amagosa achaphazelekayo?
Ingaba la magosa arhanelelekayo akhe abandakanyeka kwezinye izenzo zorhwaphilizo ngaphambili?
Wawukhe wayixela le nto ngaphambili Ukuba kunjalo, kubani yaye kwathatyathwa manyathelo mani?
Wawukho ngexesha lokwenzeka kolu rhwaphilizo, okanye ukuba akunjalo, wafumanisa njani ngalo?
Ingaba ukulungele na ukuhlanganisa ingxelo efungelweyo ze unikezele nobungqina?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6392.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uncedo lwasekhaya (i-HBC ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) kukunikezelwa kweemfuno zoncedo lokonga ngabanikezeli abasesikweni okanye abangekho sikweni, kubantu emakhayeni abo. Le nkonzo iyafumaneka kubantu abaneemfuno ngokwasengqondweni, emzimbeni, emphefumlweni nasentlalweni. Phakathi kwabantu abalulungeleyo olu ncedo ngabo banesifo sokushwabana icala lomzimba, abaphila noGawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe, abaphazamisekileyo ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni, abantu abadala ababuthathaka, okanye abantu abagula kakhulu. Uncedo olunikezelwayo lwenzelwe ukugcina nokubuyisela iqondo eliphezulu lozinzo nolonwabo, ukusebenza kunye nempilo, kuquka nokufa okundilisekileyo.
Ngubani onikezela ngoncedo lwasekhaya?
Iinkonzo zoncedo lwasekhaya kwiNtshona Kapa zithi zinikezelwe yimibutho engajonganga ngeniso nethi ifake izicelo zomsebenzi ofun' ukwenziwa ze ifumane inkxaso-mali kuRhulumente wePhondo. Abaguli abafuna inkathalo eqhubekayo ekhaya besakube bekhululwe esibhedlele, bathi bathunyelwe kwiziko lezempilo elikwiCandelo lezempilo kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Umongikazi ekliniki okanye kwiziko lezempilo uye athumele umguli kumbutho ongajonganga ngeniso emele iinkonzo zoncedo lwasekhaya kwindawo ohlala kuyo. UmLawuli wombutho lowo (umongikazi) uya kuthi avavanye iimfuno zomguli ekhayeni lakhe aze abenzele isicwangciso. Umongikazi uya kuthi ke atyumbe umntu oza kunikezela ngoncedo kumguli lowo. Umnikezeli ngoncedo uya kuthi anikezele ngeenkonzo ngokomyalelo okwisicwangciso soncedo, aze umongikazi atyelele umguli lowo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso siyaqhutywa.
Uncedo lwasekhaya asiloncedo oluthatha iiyure ezingama-24, yaye aluthathi ndawo yosapho njengabantu abanceda umguli. Lwenzelwe kuphela iinkonzo zokuncedisa nokuxhasa ukunqanda ukuxakekiswa kwabanikezeli ngoncedo abasoloko benyanzeleka ukuba banyamekele izizalwane zabo ezigulayo.
Abanikezeli ngoncedo abavela kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo kuye kufuneke ukuba bagqibe izifundo zonikezelo ngoncedo lwasekhaya ezithi ziququzelelwe liSebe lezeMpilo. Uqeqesho oluqhubekekayo luqhutyelwa kwezo ndawo zoncedo, luye lunikezelwe leli Sebe ukuqinisekisa ukuba nakho kwabanikezeli ngoncedo ukwenza umsebenzi abawuqeqeshelwayo.
Abasebenzi bezoncedo kulindeleke ukuba bancede abaguli kunye namalungu eentsapho zabo ukuba baphile bekwazi nokuzimela. Abasebenzi abasebenza ngokuzithandela nabo baye bafunwe ukuncedisa iinkonzo ezinikelwa ngabasebenzi boncedo. Bathi bezinikele njengamaqabane, bathuthe amayeza, bathunywe nasezivenkileni, njalo njalo.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba le nkonzo ayikho kuzo zonke iindawo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6394.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Umongikazi uya kuthi afune umchamo wakho, oza kuthi uvavanywe.
Kuya kuthi xa ukhulelo luthe lwaqinisekiswa, lowo ukhulelweyo akhethiswe phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo. Ukuba ubani ufuna ukuqhubekeka nokhulelwa oko, uya kuthi athunyelwe kwenye yeendawo zoncedo lwezempilo ezibizwa ngokuba ngamaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi). La ke ngamacandelo aphethwe ngababelekisi kwindawo ohlala kuyo, bekwenza oku kubaguli boncedo lwezonyango.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango.
Iimvavanyo zenziwa mahala kumaCandelo kaRhulumente ezonyango kodwa qala uqinisekise ukuba ayafumaneka, ingakumbi ezilalini.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6396.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje emva kokubeleka.
Umama uye enziwe uvavanyo lokuqala olupheleleyo neengcebiso kutyelelo lwakhe lokuqala emva kokubeleka, nolukwabizwa ngokuba lutyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Ukukhulelwa kuyaqwalaselwa ngawo onke amaxesha umama esiza kutyelelo olulandelayo. Impilo kamama nayo iyaqwalaselwa. Kuthatyathwa ubunzima bakhe, uxinzelelo lwakhe lwegazi, ze kuvavanywe nomchamo wakhe. Ukuba akukho zingxaki, umama uthi abuye kutyelelo lwakhe olulandelayo lokuqala emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuza kuva ngeziphumo zeemvavanyo ebezenziwe ngethuba lotyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Emva koku, kufuneka abuyele ekliniki rhoqo emva kweeveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezingama-28, aphinde emva kwezingama-34, emva koko aye njengoko exelelwe ngabasebenzi basekliniki okanye abeCandelo lokuBelekisa. (Ukuphinda-phinda ngexesha elimisiweyo kuyohluka ngokweendawo).
Oomama abakhulelweyo bavavanywa kangangoko ukukhangela ukuba akukho mingcipheko kusini na ngokuphathelele kwimpilo yabo naleyo yosana olungekazalwa. Ulutsha olungamantombazana kunye nabasetyhini abangaphezulu kwama-35 eminyaka ubudala, nabakhulelweyo bathathwa njengabona bantu basemngciphekweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngabona bantu kufaneleke ukuba babe neengxaki ngethuba lokukhulelwa nokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abakhulelweyo nabo bangabonwa njengabantu abasemngciphekweni ukuba uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi luye lwanyuka, ukuba baneziphazamiso zemfuzo, ukuba ukhulelwe abantwana abangaphezulu kwesinye naxa babenziwe uqhaqho ngethuba eludlileyo lokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abafunyenwe besemngciphekweni bathunyelwa kwikliniki yabaguli abasandul' ukubeleka kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu, apho kuthi kwenziwe uphando neemvavanyo. Oomama abaneengxaki ekukhulelweni kwabo baye bacetyiswe ukuba baye kwiikliniki zabangaliswayo abasandul' ukubeleka rhoqo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango. Abantu abangekho mngcipheweni kakhulu ekukhulelweni kwabo baye baqwalaselwe kumaCandelo okuBelekisa (amaCandelo okuBelekisa aphethwe ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni bewaqhubela abaguli bamaziko ezempilo) ezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye ezilalini. Abantu abakhulelweyo nabasemngciphekweni ngolona hlobo baye baqwalaselwe kwiikliiniki zabagula bengalaliswa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nakwizibhedlele kwizithili ezisezilalini kwanezo zikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6398.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Oomama bangabelekela kwiikliniki ezisisigxina okanye kumaCandelo okuBelekisa, aqhutywa ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni kubaguli bamaziko ezonyango. Ukuba kuthe kwakho iingxaki ngethuba lokubeleka, baya kuthi bathunyelwe kwisibhedlele esingentla. Oomama abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangazibandakanya nenkonzo Yokuthintelwa Kokudluliselwa Kwentsholongwane Ukusuka Kunina Ukuya Elusaneni 1/1.
Oomama abakhulelweyo bayakhuthazwa ukuba beze nabakhaphi xa besiza kubeleka (umyeni/umhlobo/isizalwane), abaziwa ngokuba zii-'doula', ukubancedisa ngethuba lokubeleka. Kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba oomama abahamba nabakhaphi baye bafune amayeza ambalwa eentlungu kuba besiva inkxaso. Oomama bangacela indawo yokuhlala (umzekelo, ukuchopha) ebenza bazive behleli kakuhle ngolona hlobo.
Iziko lezempilo liye linike bonke oomama itshathi ebizwa ngokuba yiTshathi yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni (i-RTHC ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) akuba umntwana ezelwe. Eli khadi ligcinwa ekhaya yaye kufuneka linikezelwe kumongikazi kutyelelo olulandelayo lwasekliniki. Eli khadi yingxelo eqhubekekayo engempilo yomntwana ukusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango. Yiza nekhadi lomntwana elibizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni, ukuba unayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6400.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zasemva kokubeleka ziyafumaneka emva kokuba umama nosana lwakhe olusandul' ukuzalwa bekhululwe kwiCandelo lokuBelekisa okanye ekliniki. Oku kusoloko kusenzeka emva kweeyure ezintandathu usana luzelwe ukuba umama nosana basempilweni entle.
Emva kokubelekwa, imfesane yosana kufuneka ijongwe kutyelelo olulandelayo lwasekliniki ntsuku zonke kangangeentsuku ezintathu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayosuleleki.
Abasebenzi basekliniki baye bancedise oomama ngokuncancisa okanye ngezinye iindlela zokondla, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ufumana ubisi olwaneleyo.
Ukuba umntwana uzelwe enobunzima obuncinane, oomama bayaqeqeshwa kwindlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-Kangaroo Mother Care (i-KMC ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi). Olu hlobo loncedo luchaphazela ukunxibisa usana isishuba (ilweyile) nokuluthwalisa umnqwazi, kwanokulubeka kakuhle luthi nkqo esifubeni sikanina enganxibanga, phakathi kwamabele akhe naphakathi kwiblawuzi ngawo onke amaxesha. Xa kunokwenzeka, usana malondliwe ngobisi lukanina. Inkqubela yomntwana ithi iqwalaselwe kumaxesha otyelelo alandelayo kwikliniki yohlobo olulodwa ye-KMC. Utata wosana okanye elinye ilungu losapho nalo lingayenza le KMC.
Impilo kamama ithathwa njengebaluleke ngokufanayo nelayo yosana lwakhe olusandul' ukuzalwa. Oomama bayaxilongwa ekliniki kumaxesha abo otyelelo olulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isibeleko sibuyele endaweni yaso yesiqhelo. Abasebenzi basekliniki baya kuthi bacebise umama ngeendlela zothintelo-nzala ezikhoyo / iindlela zocwangciso-ntsapho.
Abanye oomama bazamazamana neemfuneko zokuba ngoomama abatsha, kwaye abasebenzi basekliniki bakuqeqeshelwe ukubavavanya, ukubona ukuba abakhathazwa kusini na yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'baby blues', ukudakumba emva kokubeleka okanye ukugula ngengqondo emva kokubeleka. Ukuba kukho ingxaki, umama anganikezwa iingcebiso, anikwe amayeza okanye iipilisi okanye athunyelwe kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukuya kwenziwa olunye uvavanyo anyangwe nokunyangwa.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango. Yiza nekhadi lomntwana elibizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6400.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zasemva kokubeleka ziyafumaneka emva kokuba umama nosana lwakhe olusandul' ukuzalwa bekhululwe kwiCandelo lokuBelekisa okanye ekliniki. Oku kusoloko kusenzeka emva kweeyure ezintandathu usana luzelwe ukuba umama nosana basempilweni entle.
Emva kokubelekwa, imfesane yosana kufuneka ijongwe kutyelelo olulandelayo lwasekliniki ntsuku zonke kangangeentsuku ezintathu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayosuleleki.
Abasebenzi basekliniki baye bancedise oomama ngokuncancisa okanye ngezinye iindlela zokondla, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ufumana ubisi olwaneleyo.
Ukuba umntwana uzelwe enobunzima obuncinane, oomama bayaqeqeshwa kwindlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-Kangaroo Mother Care (i-KMC ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi). Olu hlobo loncedo luchaphazela ukunxibisa usana isishuba (ilweyile) nokuluthwalisa umnqwazi, kwanokulubeka kakuhle luthi nkqo esifubeni sikanina enganxibanga, phakathi kwamabele akhe naphakathi kwiblawuzi ngawo onke amaxesha. Xa kunokwenzeka, usana malondliwe ngobisi lukanina. Inkqubela yomntwana ithi iqwalaselwe kumaxesha otyelelo alandelayo kwikliniki yohlobo olulodwa ye-KMC. Utata wosana okanye elinye ilungu losapho nalo lingayenza le KMC.
Impilo kamama ithathwa njengebaluleke ngokufanayo nelayo yosana lwakhe olusandul' ukuzalwa. Oomama bayaxilongwa ekliniki kumaxesha abo otyelelo olulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isibeleko sibuyele endaweni yaso yesiqhelo. Abasebenzi basekliniki baya kuthi bacebise umama ngeendlela zothintelo-nzala ezikhoyo / iindlela zocwangciso-ntsapho.
Abanye oomama bazamazamana neemfuneko zokuba ngoomama abatsha, kwaye abasebenzi basekliniki bakuqeqeshelwe ukubavavanya, ukubona ukuba abakhathazwa kusini na yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'baby blues', ukudakumba emva kokubeleka okanye ukugula ngengqondo emva kokubeleka. Ukuba kukho ingxaki, umama anganikezwa iingcebiso, anikwe amayeza okanye iipilisi okanye athunyelwe kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukuya kwenziwa olunye uvavanyo anyangwe nokunyangwa.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango. Yiza nekhadi lomntwana elibizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni.
Iinkonzo zokubelekisa zifumaneka mahala.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6409.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Oomama/abagcini babantwana bayacetyiswa ukuba base iintsana zabo ezisandul' ukuzalwa kwiikliniki zononophelo lwesigaba sokuqala ukuze ziye kuhlolwa njengesiqhelo.
ukuhlolwa kokuphuhla komntwana kwenziwa njengento yesiqhelo ngamaxesha okutyelelwa kweklinikhi ukuza kugonywa.
ephakathi kokuzalwa neeveki ezintandathu ezelwe eneenyanga ezilithoba ezelwe ebudala buziinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo.
Usana luye luhlolwe luze luqwalaselwe ngokwasemzimbeni. Olu lokuhlolwa lunceda ekuqwalaseleni ukukhula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Iimvavanyo zisetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba usana lukhula ngokufanelekileyo na ngokuhambelana nobudala balo, ze ziqwalasele imigama esele ihanjiwe ngokwasekukhuleni efana nokuhlala, ukuma, ukukhasa, ukuhamba, ukuthetha nokuphatha izinto. Kukwaqwalaselwa nokubona kwanokuva kosana.
Ukuba kukho ingxaki, usana luye luthunyelwe kwikliniki yeengcali okanye kumachule ukunceda nokunika iingcebiso, umzekelo, iingcali zempilo yengqondo neyomzimba xa zifumaneka, ngokuxhomekeka kwingxaki leyo neemfunno zomntwana lowo.
Iziphumo zovavanyo lokuqwalasela ziye zishicilelwe kwikhadi lasekliniki nakwitshathi yokukhula kosana, ezithi zombini zigcinwe ekliniki. Ubunzima bosana nabo buyashicilelwa kwiTshati ebizwa ngokuba yiTshathi yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni, nethi inikezelwe kumama lusakuba luzelwe usana lwakhe, ze yena ayigcine. Eli khadi lushicilelo oluqhubekayo nolungenkqubela yosana yaye oomama kufuneka bawaphathe rhoqo kutyelelo ngalunye lwasekliniki.
Ukuqwalaselwa kokukhula komntwana yingxenye yesisiseko soncedo lwezempilo. Kuquka ukujongwa rhoqo komlinganiselo wobunzima bomntwana (maxa wambi nobude bakhe). Ukuthatyathwa komlinganiselo kuqala ekuzalweni kuqhube de abe umntwana uneminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ngokufezekileyo, ubunzima bomntwana kufuneka bulinganiswe kanye ngenyanga de abe neminyaka emibini ezelwe, aphinde aye kathathu ngenyanga de abe neminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Umongikazi osekliniki ubhala ubunzima bomntwana kwikhadi elibizwa ngokuba liKhadi leNdlela esingisa eMpilweni. Obu bunzima buthelekiswa netshati yokukhula, ukujonga ukuba ubunzima bukwinqanaba elamkelekileyo lokukhula komntwana kusini na. Ukuba umntwana ubunzima bakhe bungaphantsi kunobo bulindelekileyo, izongezo zokutya ziyafumaneka ezikliniki okanye umntwana uye athunyelwe kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuba undwendwela okokuqala kwiziko lezeMpilo, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze uvulelwe icwecwe lokugcina iimpepha ezineenkcukachazakho. Yiza neNcwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawubhalisile ngaphambili kwelo ziko. Yiza neTshati yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingise eMpilweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6414.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana linikezela ngeenkcukacha Ngezifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo, yaye liquka nomawukulindele kumsebenzi wecandelo lononophelo lwempilo nemiba yokuba semngciphekweni.
Information about cervical cancer, testicular cancer, breast cancer and more.
Information on HIV/Aids health services including Voluntary Testing and Counselling, Anti-Retroviral Therapy and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections.
Ukosuleleka okuvela kwizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kwenzeka ngokulalana kwabantu ngendlela engakhuselekanga. Olu suleleko ludala izifo ezidluliswa ngokwabelana ngesondo, eziqhelekileyo, ezinokudala ubuhlungu, nezinokubangela ubudlolo kwakunye nokufa ukuba azifumananga kunyangwa. Ezinye eziqhelekileyo zezizifo zezi: ukuvuza ngaphantsi, itrichomoniasisi, usuleleko lwechlamydial kunye negcushuwa.
Olu xwebhu ke lukhutshelwe oonondaba ngeenjongo zokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweentsilathi kwakunye neendlela ezikhawulezileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ukuze kuthinteleke ezo zisu zingafunwayo, ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo kwakunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6414.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana linikezela ngeenkcukacha Ngezifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo, yaye liquka nomawukulindele kumsebenzi wecandelo lononophelo lwempilo nemiba yokuba semngciphekweni.
Olu xwebhu ke lukhutshelwe oonondaba ngeenjongo zokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweentsilathi kwakunye neendlela ezikhawulezileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ukuze kuthinteleke ezo zisu zingafunwayo, ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo kwakunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo. Ekliniki, ixhoba eli liya kuthi lihlatywe imibuzo ze linikwe neengcebiso ngumsebenzi wezempilo...
<fn>GOV-ZA.6415.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ULawulo oluHlanganyelweyo lweziGulo zaBantwana lusekwe liCandelo lezeMpilo yaBantwana noPhuhliso, loMbutho wezeMpilo kaZwelonke kunye neUNICEF. Le Nkonzo ithe yaziswa kumazwe angaphezulu kwama-30 kulo lonke eli limiweyo ukujongana nokugula kwanokufa kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu. Obu buchule bugxile kumntwana ephelele, andaweni yokuqwalasela isifo esinye okanye imeko enye. Abantwana abagulayo bakholisa ukufika kumaziko oncedo lwezempilo benezigulo ezininzi baze kufuneke bajongwe ngokuhlanganyelwa phakathi kwekhaya nekliniki.
Bamalunga ne-12 lezigidi abantwana kumazwe akhulayo abasweleka phambi kokuba bafike kwiminyaka emihlanu minyaka le, uninzi lwabo basweleka kunyaka wabo wokuqala bezelwe. Isixhenxe eshumini kwabo baswelekayo babulawa zizifo ezihlanu ezingundoqo: izifo ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla (ikakhulu isifo sokukrala kwemiphunga), utyatyazo, irhashalala, ukungondleki, nesifo necesina ebangwa kukulunywa ziingcongconi ezineentsholongwane zesi sifo (nefumaneka kuphela kwaZulu/Natal, eMpumalanga naseLimpopo.
Izikhokhelo zeSebe lezeMpilo leNtshona Kapa ziveziwe ukuzalisa uluhlu loMbutho wezeMpilo kaZwelonke kwanokulutshintsha ukuze ludibanise iimeko eziphambili ezichaphazela abantwana ingakumbi kwiNtshona Kapa. Ezi zigulo zithi zonganyelwe ukususela ngethuba leveki enye umntwana ezelwe ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emihlanu.
Ukulawula umntwana onesifo esongamelayo.
Abasebenzi boncedo lwezeMpilo baqeqeshelwe ukuchonga abantwana abanezi zigulo. Abantwana abagulayo bavavanywa ngokwezibonakaliso neempawu zabo. Unyango luyanikezelwa xa oko kuyimfuneko, aze umgcini womntwana okanye umzali anikwe iingcebiso ngezinto ezilandelayo ekufuneka ezenzile malunga nesigulane eso.
Ukuba undwendwela okokuqala kwiziko lezeMpilo, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu ze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza neNcwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawubhalisile ngaphambili kwiziko loncedo. Yiza neTshati yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingise eMpilweni. Amaziko okubelekisa okanye iikliniki zoncedo lwezonyango kunye namaziko, zithi zinikezele ngolawulo oluhlanganyelweyo lwezigulo zabantwana. Ukuba ngaba uye wena okanye umntwana wakho wathunyelwa kumgca ongentla, uya kuthunyelwa kwisibhedlele sengingqi esisedolophini okanye elalini, okanye kwisibhedlele somgangatho ophezulu.
Iinkonzo azihlawulelwa kumaziko onyango lwezempilo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6415.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ULawulo oluHlanganyelweyo lweziGulo zaBantwana lusekwe liCandelo lezeMpilo yaBantwana noPhuhliso, loMbutho wezeMpilo kaZwelonke kunye neUNICEF. Le Nkonzo ithe yaziswa kumazwe angaphezulu kwama-30 kulo lonke eli limiweyo ukujongana nokugula kwanokufa kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu. Obu buchule bugxile kumntwana ephelele, andaweni yokuqwalasela isifo esinye okanye imeko enye. Abantwana abagulayo bakholisa ukufika kumaziko oncedo lwezempilo benezigulo ezininzi baze kufuneke bajongwe ngokuhlanganyelwa phakathi kwekhaya nekliniki.
Bamalunga ne-12 lezigidi abantwana kumazwe akhulayo abasweleka phambi kokuba bafike kwiminyaka emihlanu minyaka le, uninzi lwabo basweleka kunyaka wabo wokuqala bezelwe. Isixhenxe eshumini kwabo baswelekayo babulawa zizifo ezihlanu ezingundoqo: izifo ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla (ikakhulu isifo sokukrala kwemiphunga), utyatyazo, irhashalala, ukungondleki, nesifo necesina ebangwa kukulunywa ziingcongconi ezineentsholongwane zesi sifo (nefumaneka kuphela kwaZulu/Natal, eMpumalanga naseLimpopo.
Izikhokhelo zeSebe lezeMpilo leNtshona Kapa ziveziwe ukuzalisa uluhlu loMbutho wezeMpilo kaZwelonke kwanokulutshintsha ukuze ludibanise iimeko eziphambili ezichaphazela abantwana ingakumbi kwiNtshona Kapa. Ezi zigulo zithi zonganyelwe ukususela ngethuba leveki enye umntwana ezelwe ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emihlanu.
Ukulawula umntwana onesifo esongamelayo.
Abasebenzi boncedo lwezeMpilo baqeqeshelwe ukuchonga abantwana abanezi zigulo. Abantwana abagulayo bavavanywa ngokwezibonakaliso neempawu zabo. Unyango luyanikezelwa xa oko kuyimfuneko, aze umgcini womntwana okanye umzali anikwe iingcebiso ngezinto ezilandelayo ekufuneka ezenzile malunga nesigulane eso.
Ukuba undwendwela okokuqala kwiziko lezeMpilo, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu ze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza neNcwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawubhalisile ngaphambili kwiziko loncedo. Yiza neTshati yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingise eMpilweni. Amaziko okubelekisa okanye iikliniki zoncedo lwezonyango kunye namaziko, zithi zinikezele ngolawulo oluhlanganyelweyo lwezigulo zabantwana. Ukuba ngaba uye wena okanye umntwana wakho wathunyelwa kumgca ongentla, uya kuthunyelwa kwisibhedlele sengingqi esisedolophini okanye elalini, okanye kwisibhedlele somgangatho ophezulu.
Iinkonzo azihlawulelwa kumaziko onyango lwezempilo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6423.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6431.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo. Ekliniki, ixhoba eli liya kuthi lihlatywe imibuzo ze linikwe neengcebiso ngumsebenzi wezempilo kwigumbi/kwingingqi efihlakeleyo. Umsebenzi wezempilo lo uya kuthi abuze ukuba isenzo eso sokudlwengula sesixeliwe na emapoliseni. Isenzo esi siya kuxelwa empaoliseni kuphela xa ixhoba lifuna ukunikezela ingxelo ngaso, ze ipolisa libizelwe kwelo ziko lezempilo ukuza kumamela ze lithabathe ingxelo leyo. Imiyalelo Yesizwe Yamapolisa Ngezenzo Zokuxhatshazwa Ngokwesondo linyanzelisa ukuba ixhoba lenziwe uvavanyo/unonophelo lwezempilo ngoko nangoko.
Imizekelo yezinto ezithile ethi ifuneke enkundleni iye ithatyathwe kuphela ngokwemvume yexhoba, ze igcinwe njengobungqina bukagqirha ukulungiselela ixesha obunokuthi bufuneke ngalo enkundleni yamatyala.
Amaxhoba okudlwengulwa nokuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo aya kuthi afumane unyango lwezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo.
Amanina angazifumana izithinteli-kukhulelwa zexesha likaxakeka ukuba afika ekliniki kwisithuba seeyure azingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini emva kokudlwengulwa.
Onke amaxhoba aya kuthi afumane iingcebiso kumsebenzi weziko lezempilo malunga nobungozi bokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo obunokuthi bubekhona emva kokudlwengulwa. Ukuba amaxhoba afika kwisithuba seeyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini emva kokudlwengulwa, aya kuthi anikwe i-AZT, nelichiza elilwa noGawulayo (iZidovudine ngesiNgesi). Amaxhoba afika emva kweeyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini emva kokudlwengulwa kufuneka efumene iingcebiso malunga nobungozi obunokuthi bubekhona bokufumana intsholongwane kaGawulayo, ze enzelwe idinga lovavanyo lwasemva kweeveki ezintandathu neengcebiso athi azifumane kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu emva kokudlwengulwa.
Amaxhoba okudlwengulwa aya kuthi akhethe phakathi kokuya kufumana iingcebiso kunontlalo-ntle okanye umcebisi oqeqeshiweyo okanye ingcali yokunyanga yabucala (umzekelo: ugqirha wengqondo), okanye uMbutho ojongene namaxhoba okudlwengulwa okanye uMbutho ongomnye ongenguwo okaRhulumente.
Yiya kwiziko lonyango elikufutshane nawe, uchaze ukuba udlwengulwe okanye ubethiwe, okanye uzenziwe zombini ezo zinto.
Kumaziko angamahlanu anesibini aneenkonzo zokuzinikela ngokukodwa ekuncedeni abasetyhini namadoda axhatshazwe ngokwesondo okanye adlwengulwa, okanye enziwa zombini ezi zinto. Ezi kliniki zizodwa nezisebenza ikakhulu iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku, zidwelisiwe kuluhlu lwezikhokhelo zenkqubo nolawulo lweSebe lezeMpilo lePhondo, ezilungiselelwe amaxhoba odlwengulo nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo.
iLife Line Yakumazantsi eAfrika.
Victims of Sexual Offences: What You Should Know!
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6433.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kucingeleka ukuba abantwana abali-150000 abazalwayo ngonyaka emZantsi Afrika bachatshazelwa ziziphene zokuzalwa kwezona ndawo zibalulekileyo okanye iziphazamiso zemvelo ngethuba beneminyaka emihlanu.
INtshona Kapa ikwagxile kwezi zilandelayo (ngaphandle kobunkawu, obunamanani aphantsi), nokuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala njengesona siphene siphambili kuluhlu.
Le nkonzo ijonge ekuthinteleni abantwana bangazalwa benezi ziphene ngokunikezela ngeengcebiso ngezemvelo ezifanelekileyo maxa onke, kubantu abasebungozini nakwizibini ezitshatileyo. Ukuze kwenzeke oku, aba bantu kufuneka bachongwe kuqala. Basenokufunyanwa ngeenkonzo ezikhoyo ezikliniki apho baya kuthunyelwa ukusuka khona kwiinkonzo ezizodwa zemvelo ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezisezilalini nakumaziko aphezulu eKapa. Basenokuchongwa ngeenkqubo ezikhoyo kwiikliniki apho baya kuthunyelwa khona kwiinkonzo ezizodwa zemvelo ezinikezelwa ngeenkqubo eziqhutywa ngaphandle ezilalini nakumaziko akwinqanaba eliphezulu eKapa.
Nabani na ochaphazelekayo okanye onelungu losapho elichaphazelekayo, okanye oxhalabileyo ziziphene zemvelo ezinokubakho, angaya kwikliniki yonyango. Uya kuthunyelwa ukusuka apho.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6435.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zempilo zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala zixilonga zigonye ze zinyange izifo zengqondo eziqhelekileyo, futhi zenza namalungiselelo okuthumela iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ezinobunzima kumanqanaba afanele oko empilo yengqondo.
Ukuba uphethwe sisifo esiphazamisana nengqondo, ungaya kwikliniki ekwindawo ohlala kuyo apho uya kuvavanywa ngumsebenzi wezempilo noza kukubonelela ngonyango lokuqala.
KwiSixeko, kummandla weSouthern Cape Karoo nowe-West Cape Winelands, umsebenzi wezempilo unakho ukukuthumela nakumongikazi oqhuba iinkqubo zonyango oluphangaleleyo lwabagula ngengqondo, ukuba lukho. Kuya kufuneka ukuba kuvunyelwane ngosuku nexesha lokubonana nomongikazi ojongene nempilo yengqondo ekliniki njengoko umongikazi etyelela iqela leekliniki ngenyanga. Igosa elijongene nabagula ngenqondo linakho ukuphinda lixilinge impilo yengqondo yakho ukuze libe nokukubonelela ngolona nyango luziphumo zincumisayo. Olo nyango lungabandakanya ukunikwa amayeza kunye nokucetyiswa nokunikwa inkxaso okwethutyana, uwedwa okanye unabanye. Igosa lezempilo yengqondo linako nokubonisana nengcali yenzululwazi ngengqondo okanye ugqirha wezigulo zengqondoi (okanye amalungu egqiza lommandla labagula ngengqondo) xa kukho imfuneko yobunye ubugcisa. Xa kukho imfuneko, igosa elijongene nempilo yengqondo linokwenza amalungiselelo okuba ubonane nomnye wezo ngcali ukuze ibe yiyo eziphinda zikuxilonge kwikliniki ye-PHC. Kummandla waseBholandi/Overberg unonophelo lwabagula ngengondo kubonelelwa ngalo kwiikliniki ze-PHC ngokuthi abongikazi bafumane inkxaso kumongikazi wabagula ngengqondo okanye kugqirha wezifo zengqondo otyelela loo maziko ngamaxesha athile.
Inkxaso eyangeziweyo ngaphandle kokundwendwela ikliniki ingayimfuneka ukuphucula nokugcina impilo yengqondo eyiyo yaye abantu abafuna uncedo bangacetyiswa ukuba bazimase kumaxesha oncedo amaqela anikezela ngeyoncedo lwempilo yengqondo neyentlalo xa kuyimfuneko futhi kuvulelekile. Khangela phaya kwincwadi-salathisi yemicimbi engempilo yabagula ngengqondo okanye buza phaya kwikliniki ekwindawo ohlala kuyo okanye kumongikazi ojongene nezempilo yengqondo malunga namaqela enkxaso akhoyo kwingingqi ohlala kuwo. Amanye amaqela akhokelwa ngabasebenzi beSebe lezeMpilo ngelixa amanye ekhokelwa, ngakumbi kummandla wemetro, zii-NGOs ezifumana isabsidi kwiSebe.
Sebe lezeMpilo likwanika imibutho ezimeleyo ezikwiinqila uncedo-mali, mibutho leyo ibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala abantu abakhulu abaphethwe zizifo zengqondo kunye namaziko onyango lwasemini kubantwana abangaphantsi kwe-18 ubudala, bantwana abo baneengxaki ezinkulu zengqondo. Imibuzo malunga nezithuba ezinokubakho kuloo maziko aphantsi kwee-NGOs kufuneka ibhekiswe kwii-NGOs ezo.
Abantu abaqalayo ukundwendwela ikliniki baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo, ze isigulane sivulelwe icwecwe. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumele apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isiqinisekiso somvuzo wakho wokugqibela (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wakha wabhaliswa kwisibhedlele eso ngaphambili.
Yintoni Impilo Yengqondo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6435.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zempilo zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala zixilonga zigonye ze zinyange izifo zengqondo eziqhelekileyo, futhi zenza namalungiselelo okuthumela iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ezinobunzima kumanqanaba afanele oko empilo yengqondo.
Ukuba uphethwe sisifo esiphazamisana nengqondo, ungaya kwikliniki ekwindawo ohlala kuyo apho uya kuvavanywa ngumsebenzi wezempilo noza kukubonelela ngonyango lokuqala.
KwiSixeko, kummandla weSouthern Cape Karoo nowe-West Cape Winelands, umsebenzi wezempilo unakho ukukuthumela nakumongikazi oqhuba iinkqubo zonyango oluphangaleleyo lwabagula ngengqondo, ukuba lukho. Kuya kufuneka ukuba kuvunyelwane ngosuku nexesha lokubonana nomongikazi ojongene nempilo yengqondo ekliniki njengoko umongikazi etyelela iqela leekliniki ngenyanga. Igosa elijongene nabagula ngenqondo linakho ukuphinda lixilinge impilo yengqondo yakho ukuze libe nokukubonelela ngolona nyango luziphumo zincumisayo. Olo nyango lungabandakanya ukunikwa amayeza kunye nokucetyiswa nokunikwa inkxaso okwethutyana, uwedwa okanye unabanye. Igosa lezempilo yengqondo linako nokubonisana nengcali yenzululwazi ngengqondo okanye ugqirha wezigulo zengqondoi (okanye amalungu egqiza lommandla labagula ngengqondo) xa kukho imfuneko yobunye ubugcisa. Xa kukho imfuneko, igosa elijongene nempilo yengqondo linokwenza amalungiselelo okuba ubonane nomnye wezo ngcali ukuze ibe yiyo eziphinda zikuxilonge kwikliniki ye-PHC. Kummandla waseBholandi/Overberg unonophelo lwabagula ngengondo kubonelelwa ngalo kwiikliniki ze-PHC ngokuthi abongikazi bafumane inkxaso kumongikazi wabagula ngengqondo okanye kugqirha wezifo zengqondo otyelela loo maziko ngamaxesha athile.
Inkxaso eyangeziweyo ngaphandle kokundwendwela ikliniki ingayimfuneka ukuphucula nokugcina impilo yengqondo eyiyo yaye abantu abafuna uncedo bangacetyiswa ukuba bazimase kumaxesha oncedo amaqela anikezela ngeyoncedo lwempilo yengqondo neyentlalo xa kuyimfuneko futhi kuvulelekile. Khangela phaya kwincwadi-salathisi yemicimbi engempilo yabagula ngengqondo okanye buza phaya kwikliniki ekwindawo ohlala kuyo okanye kumongikazi ojongene nezempilo yengqondo malunga namaqela enkxaso akhoyo kwingingqi ohlala kuwo. Amanye amaqela akhokelwa ngabasebenzi beSebe lezeMpilo ngelixa amanye ekhokelwa, ngakumbi kummandla wemetro, zii-NGOs ezifumana isabsidi kwiSebe.
Sebe lezeMpilo likwanika imibutho ezimeleyo ezikwiinqila uncedo-mali, mibutho leyo ibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala abantu abakhulu abaphethwe zizifo zengqondo kunye namaziko onyango lwasemini kubantwana abangaphantsi kwe-18 ubudala, bantwana abo baneengxaki ezinkulu zengqondo. Imibuzo malunga nezithuba ezinokubakho kuloo maziko aphantsi kwee-NGOs kufuneka ibhekiswe kwii-NGOs ezo.
Abantu abaqalayo ukundwendwela ikliniki baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo, ze isigulane sivulelwe icwecwe. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumele apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isiqinisekiso somvuzo wakho wokugqibela (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wakha wabhaliswa kwisibhedlele eso ngaphambili.
Yintoni Impilo Yengqondo?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6441.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6447.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zikho iinkonzo zabantwana nabantu abakhulu abazizigulane ezilaliswayo nezingalaliswayo, nkonzo ezo zifumaneka ngamaxesha apho ezo zigulane zilufuna kakhulu unyango naxa kukho imfuneko yokuba zinyangelwe bucala ukudlula kumaziko onyango lokuqala.
Unyango lwasezibhedlele lufumaneka ikakhulu kumacandelo afumaneka phaya kwiinqila ezisezidolophini kodwa loo maziko akwabonelela ngezonyango nezigulane ezikulo lonke eli phondo ngokwemimandla echongiweyo.
Isibhedlele saseLentegeur sona sibonelela ngeenkonzo zokunyanga abantu abaphethwe zizifo zengqondo okanye abakhubazeke ngokwengqondo.
Kwicandelo Labantwana Neentsapho Lesibhedlele Somnqamlezo Obomvu, eRondebosch, kwiSixeko saseKapa, candelo elo libonelela ngeenkonzo kubantwana abangalaliswanga esibhedlele nabaneengxaki zempilo yengqondo. Ikho nenkonzo eyodwa yezigulane ezilalisiweyo ezibhedlele nezingabantwana abaminyaka ingaphantsi kweshumi elinesibini. Ukuba ufuna enye ingcaciso tsalela umnxeba kwinombolo ethi: 021 685 4103.
iCandelo Labantwana Neentsapho lesibhedlele iTygerberg lona libonelela abantwana abafikisa ebuntwini ngeenkonzo zonyango lwabalalisiweyo nabangalaliswanga ezibhedlele. Tsalela inombolo ethi: 021 938 4573 ukuba ufuna enye ingcaciso.
iCandelo Labantwana Neentsapho Lesibhedlele iLentegeur lona linenkonzo yezigulana ezilaliswayo nezingalaliswayo kubantwana nakulutsha. Tsalela inombolo ethi: 021 371 7359.
eBholani, tsalela inombolo ethi: 023 348 1401 okanye thumela ifeksi kwethi: 023 342 850.
Izigulana kufuneka zithunyelwe ziinkonzo zonyango zezibhedlele zenqanaba lokuqala okanye ezenqanaba lesibini (ezeenqila). Igosa lezempilo leziko elithumela isigulane kufuneka liqale lizidibanise nesibhedlele eso ukuze amalungiselelo okulaliswa enziwe kwangaphambili. Iinkonzo ezizodwa zonyango lwabagula ngengqondo ezikwizibhedlele zenqanaba lesithathu, iRed Cross, Groote Schuur neTygerberg ziye zifune incwadi ekuthunyelwa ngayo isigulane eso okanye ziye zifune isicelo sokulaliswa esifumaneka kwiziko lenkonzo, ngaphambi kokuba isigulane sifumane inkonzo leyo.
Okwangoku iinkonzo ezizodwa zifumaneka kuphela kwimetro kodwa imetro ibonelela ngeenkonzo kulo lonke eli phondo ngokwemimandla ethumela izigulane. Abaqalayo ukuya kwisibhedlele sabagula ngengqondo okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom, size isigulane eso sivulelwe ifayili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isilipu sakho somvuzo sokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wakha wabhaliswa kwisibhedlele eso.
Uninzi lwezigulane luzilalisa ngokuzithandela ezibhedlele ukuze zifumane unyango lwasesibhedlele. NgokoMthetho okhoyo wezabaGula ngeNgqondo, xa isigulane sinengxaki yokugula ngengqondo kwaye sibe singafuni ukuya esibhedlele ukuya kuzixilongisela iimfuno zaso zokufumana unyango esibhedlele, naxa eso sigulane sinokuba nobungozi kuso ngokwaso okanye kwabanye abantu, kungafuneka mhlawumbe ukuba ibe zizalamane ezithumela loo mntu esibhedlele. Kwimeko enjalo izalamane kufuneka zifake isicelo sokuncediswa ngokufunyaniswa unyango lokuzithandela, sicelo eso sifanele ukufakwa kumantyi wesithili sabo. Imithetho emalunga nabagula ngengqondo kungoku nje iyahlaziywa kwaye kuya kwenziwa iinguqu kwindlela ekulaliswa ngazo izigulane ezibhedlele ukuze zifumane unyango ngokuzithandela xa uMthetho omtsha wezoNyango lwabaGula ngeNgqondo nemigaqo yawo ithe yabhengezwa ngokusesikweni.
Isigulane sakukhululwa esibhedlele kungenziwa amalungiselelo okuba siphinde sixilongwe kwaye loo malungiselelo angenziwa nenesi ejongene nabagula ngengqondo nephaya kwikliniki ekufutshane nekhaya lesigulane eso, ukuze kuqinisekiswe unyango oluqhubekayo.
Ukuba ufuna enye ingcaciso, zidibanise.
Yintoni Impilo Yengqondo?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6451.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iNkqubo Ehlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imeko yesondlo sabo bonke abantu abahlala kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa. Zininzi ke iinkalo zale nkqubo.
Le Nkqubo Ihlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imo yesondlo kubo bonke abantu abahlala kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni.
Ukungondleki yingxaki enkulu eMzantsi Afrika kwaye kuyenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezinegalelo kwizifo nokufa okugubungele abantwana. Uqikelelo ludiza ukuba malunga ne-30% yabantwana boMzantsi Afrika baphazanyiswa kukungondleki ngokwaneleyo kwiminyaka yabo yokukhula.
Ukutya ngokunganelisiyo, ukugula nokuxhalaba emphefumlweni/ukonzakala kakhulu zezona zinto ziphambili ezingunobangela wokungondleki. Ubuhlwempu nokunqongophala kwezinto eziluncedo zezona zinto zinegalelo ekungondlekini. Le nkqubo izama ngeendlela ezininzi ukujongana nalo bhubhane uzimeleyo.
Kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala abantwana abafunyaniswe bengondlekanga (oku kuquka abantwana nabantu abakhulu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo nesifo sephepha) baya kunikwa izinto ezixhasa ukutya, kubandakanywa nomgubo wombona otyetyisiweyo kunye nesiselo esinika amandla. Izixhasi-kutya zinikwa izigulane ezichongwe ngendlela ethile. Abasebenzi bezempilo nabo baye bazinike iingcebiso nengcaciso izigulane, zifundiswe nokufundiswa ngeentlobo zokutya okunempilo nezona ndlela zinempilo zokupheka. Iingcali zokutya nazo ziye zibonelele uluntu ngeenkonzo ezizodwa.
Bonke abantwana baviwa ubunzima njengenxgenye yenkqubo yokubeka iliso ekukhuleni kwabo, nto leyo ikwaziyo ukuchaza ukuba umntwana uyakhula kusini na. Ubunzima bomntwana bubhalwa kwikhadi i-Road to Health Card. Kuye kukhangelwe izinto ezingunobangela wokuhla kobunzima, zinto ezo zifana nezifo ezosulelayo, indlala emakhaya nokungakhathalelwa. Izifo ezosulelayo zinendima ephambili ekungondlekini kwabantwana kwaye ezo zifo zinyangwa kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala. Izifo zorhudo zinxulumene kakhulu neemeko zokucoceka kwendawo (ukucoceka kweendawo zangasese namanzi) nokungondleki okanye ukungondleki kakuhle kosana, nto leyo yenza ukuba luhlaselwe lula lurhudo.
Amakhaya agutyungelwe bubuhlwempu aya chongwa aze adityaniswe nenye yeenkqubo zikarhulumente zokulwa nobuhlwempu. Indlala emakhaya isetyenzwa ngokubambisana kwamacandelo kwaye loo makhaya aye abonelelwe ngoncedo nenkxaso efanelekileyo.
Ukulawula ukunqongophala kwezakha-mzimba yenye yezinto eziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yale nkonzo. Izakha-mzimba zizinto zendalo ezifana nevitamin neetyuwa zomzimba, nezimlinganiselo mncinane ekutyeni kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo entle. I-INP ibonelela abantwana abathile ekujoliswe kubo ngeVitamin A. Abantwana abaswele iVitamin A bayabhitya, abakhuli kakuhle kwaye basemngciphekweni wokosulelwa zizifo, bafe ngenxa yazo. Ukungabikho kweVitamin A konakalisa namehlo kwaye ukunqongophala kwayo ngomnye unobangela wokutyhaphaka kwabantwana.
Abantwana abazelwe benemizimba emincinci banikwa izakhi-mzimba uVitamin A, zona ziphakamisa umgangatho wamandla omzimba okulwa nezifo kwaye zincedisa nokukhula komntwana. Iintsana ukususela kwezineenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezineenyanga ezili-11 ziye zityiswe iVitamin A (100 000IU) ukuthintela ukugula kakhulu. Abantwana abanyanga zingaphezulu kwe-12 ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu baye batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU xa benyanga zili-12 ubudala ze batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, de babe neminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Ukuhla kwemizimba yabantwana kusenokubangwa kukuhlaselwa ziintshulube kwaye loo nto inganyangwa ekliniki ngamayeza okukhupha iintshulube.
Izifundo ezimalunga nesondlo, ingaciso nokucetyiswa ziinkqubo ekubonelelwa ngazo kuwo onke amanqanaba onyango lwabantu abafe amalungu athile omzimba, abanoxinzelelo-gazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo nesifo sephepha.
Inkqubo yesondlo yezikolo zamabanga aphantsi, ifumaneka ikakhulu kwizikolo ezimgangatho wezoqoqosho uphantsi. Ezo nkqubo kungoku nje kubanjiswana ngazo neSebe lezeMfundo. Urhulumente wephondo unenjongo yokuba abantwana abangama-125 000 kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi ezingama-847 kweli phondo baxhamle kwinkqubo yakhe yesondlo engadlulanga unyaka ka-2004.
Le nkqubo ikwanegalelo kwiinkqubo zokukhathalela abagulayo nabakumaziko ajongana nabagulayo ngokuthi babonelelwe ngeenkqubo zokondla ezibonelela ngesondlo esinempilo.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze isigulane eso sivulelwe uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isiqinisekiso sesixa somvuzo wakho wokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe weza kweso sibhedlele ngaphambili.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6455.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zempilo kumazibuko zihlola zivavanye zonke iintlobo zokutya, izinto zokuthambisa umziba, izibulali-ntsholongwane, amachiza anobuzaza kunye namayeza angena kweleNtshona Koloni ngezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya namazibuko kananjalo zilawula zihlole ukungena kwezifo ezosulelayo ezinokungena kwiNtshona Koloni nakuMzantsi Afrika uphela. Ezo zifo zosulelayo ziquka icesina, izifo ezingububhane, ikholera kunye nesifo esihlasela ngokungenalusini imiphunga esaziwa ngokuba yi-SARS.
AbezeMpilo yeNdalo Engqongileyo yeZikhululo zeeNqwelo-moya naMazibuko nabezeMpilo ngabo abajongene namazibuko amathathu (elaseKapa, elaseMossel Bay nelaseSaldanha Bay) kunye nezikhululo ezimbini zeenqwelo-moya (I-Cape Town International nesase-George esanikwa iwonga lokuba sisikhululo sezizwe ngezizwe okwethutyana).
Ukuba umkhweli ukrokreleka njengonesifo esosulelayo esifana ne-SARS kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu ezithile zaso ngexesha esemoyeni, amagosa asebenza kwinqwelo-moya aya kwazisa abakwa-Airports Company of SA abaya kuthi bona bazise igosa lezempilo lesikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Inqwelo-moya yakuhlala phantsi ugqirha weenkonzo zoncedo olungxamisekileyo uya kumxilonga loo mntu kuthatyathwe namanyathelo ayimfuneko (umz. afakwe kwindawo eyodwa). Amanzi nokutya okusetyenziswa kwinqwelo-moya kuyagadwa.
Izikhephe ezifuna ukungena nakweliphi na izibuko kula mazibuko mathathu kufuneka zikhuphe isibhengezo esichaza imo yezempilo, i-Maritime Declaration of Health. Izikhephe ziye zihlolelwe ubukho beempuku kwaye kuye kufuneke isiqinisekiso esingqina ukungabikho kweempuku. Ngokwemigaqo yezempilo yezizwe ngezizwe, isikhephe esichaphazelekayo kufuneka sinyangwe ngokuthi kusasazwe izibulala-zinambuzane. Amanzi nokutya okusetyenziswa kwizikhephe kuyagadwa.
Ukutya okuvela kumazwe angaphandle kuyahlolwa kwaye kuhlolwa nokuba kunini na ukuze kukhangelwe amachiza anxilisayo anokubakho. Xa impahla isehliswa, iye isuswe phantsi kweziqinisekiso ezongeziweyo zokuba ayinabungozi ngokwezempilo ikhululwe kuphela xa abasemagunyeni banelisekile ukuba ayinabungozi. Zonke izinto ezithuthwa ngezikhephe kufuneka zihambelane nemiqathango yoMthetho weZithambiso neziBulali-ntsholongwane, 54 ka-1972.
Imveliso iyahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuba ibhalisiwe kusini na kwi-Bhunga loLawulo lwaMayeza loMzantsi Afrika, nokuba iphelelwe lixesha kusini na. Izinto ezinokuba nobungozi ezifana neekhemikali, izibulala-zinambuzane nezibulala-kungunda nazo ziyabanjwa.
Iqumrhu elijongene nezempilo kumazibuko nezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya liye likhuphe iziqinisekiso zempilo ngokubhekiselele kwimpahla ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle, phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6455.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zempilo kumazibuko zihlola zivavanye zonke iintlobo zokutya, izinto zokuthambisa umziba, izibulali-ntsholongwane, amachiza anobuzaza kunye namayeza angena kweleNtshona Koloni ngezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya namazibuko kananjalo zilawula zihlole ukungena kwezifo ezosulelayo ezinokungena kwiNtshona Koloni nakuMzantsi Afrika uphela. Ezo zifo zosulelayo ziquka icesina, izifo ezingububhane, ikholera kunye nesifo esihlasela ngokungenalusini imiphunga esaziwa ngokuba yi-SARS.
Ukuba umkhweli ukrokreleka njengonesifo esosulelayo esifana ne-SARS kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu ezithile zaso ngexesha esemoyeni, amagosa asebenza kwinqwelo-moya aya kwazisa abakwa-Airports Company of SA abaya kuthi bona bazise igosa lezempilo lesikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Inqwelo-moya yakuhlala phantsi ugqirha weenkonzo zoncedo olungxamisekileyo uya kumxilonga loo mntu kuthatyathwe namanyathelo ayimfuneko (umz. afakwe kwindawo eyodwa). Amanzi nokutya okusetyenziswa kwinqwelo-moya kuyagadwa.
Izikhephe ezifuna ukungena nakweliphi na izibuko kula mazibuko mathathu kufuneka zikhuphe isibhengezo esichaza imo yezempilo, i-Maritime Declaration of Health. Izikhephe ziye zihlolelwe ubukho beempuku kwaye kuye kufuneke isiqinisekiso esingqina ukungabikho kweempuku. Ngokwemigaqo yezempilo yezizwe ngezizwe, isikhephe esichaphazelekayo kufuneka sinyangwe ngokuthi kusasazwe izibulala-zinambuzane. Amanzi nokutya okusetyenziswa kwizikhephe kuyagadwa.
Ukutya okuvela kumazwe angaphandle kuyahlolwa kwaye kuhlolwa nokuba kunini na ukuze kukhangelwe amachiza anxilisayo anokubakho. Xa impahla isehliswa, iye isuswe phantsi kweziqinisekiso ezongeziweyo zokuba ayinabungozi ngokwezempilo ikhululwe kuphela xa abasemagunyeni banelisekile ukuba ayinabungozi. Zonke izinto ezithuthwa ngezikhephe kufuneka zihambelane nemiqathango yoMthetho weZithambiso neziBulali-ntsholongwane, 54 ka-1972.
Imveliso iyahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuba ibhalisiwe kusini na kwi-Bhunga loLawulo lwaMayeza loMzantsi Afrika, nokuba iphelelwe lixesha kusini na. Izinto ezinokuba nobungozi ezifana neekhemikali, izibulala-zinambuzane nezibulala-kungunda nazo ziyabanjwa.
Iqumrhu elijongene nezempilo kumazibuko nezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya liye likhuphe iziqinisekiso zempilo ngokubhekiselele kwimpahla ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle, phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6457.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Xa usana lwakho okanye umntwana wakho ethe warhogola okanye wosulelwa yinto ethile (izicoci, izityalo namayeza njalonjalo) enokuba netyhefu tsalela uMnxeba weSibhedlele Sabantwana iRed Cross Wokunikezela Ingxelo Ngetyhefu kwinombolo ethi: 021 689 5227. Uya kunikwa iingcebis ziingcalii ngaloo nto nangeziphumo zayo obungenakuzilindela kananjalo ucetyiswe ngomawukwenze. Ucingo lokwazisa ngetyhefu lusebenza ngalo lonke ixesha (iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku) kwaye luqhagamshelaniswe neenkonzo zoncedo olungxamisekileyo zezibhedlele.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6457.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa usana lwakho okanye umntwana wakho ethe warhogola okanye wosulelwa yinto ethile (izicoci, izityalo namayeza njalonjalo) enokuba netyhefu tsalela uMnxeba weSibhedlele Sabantwana iRed Cross Wokunikezela Ingxelo Ngetyhefu kwinombolo ethi: 021 689 5227. Uya kunikwa iingcebis ziingcalii ngaloo nto nangeziphumo zayo obungenakuzilindela kananjalo ucetyiswe ngomawukwenze. Ucingo lokwazisa ngetyhefu lusebenza ngalo lonke ixesha (iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku) kwaye luqhagamshelaniswe neenkonzo zoncedo olungxamisekileyo zezibhedlele.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6459.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abakhubazeke ngokomzimba, bangancediswa ukuba bahlale bekwimo yomzimba, yovakalelo, yobukrelekrele, yengqondo nezentlalo entle nesemgangathweni.
Ezi nkonzo zonyango zijoliswe kubantu abathwaxwa zizigulo ezidinga uncedo kuqhaqho, emva kwentlungu, iintungu zamathambo kwakunye nezinye izigulo. Ezi zigulo ziquka, umzekelo ukutsha, ukonzakala entloko, ukuxhozula, iintlungu, ukonzakala esandleni, ukusikwa ilungu lomzimba, ezokuphefumla, ezesifuba nezinye nje izigulo.
Le nkonzo ibaluleke kakhulu koko ayinabanga kangako ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto eziluncedo. Uninzi lweenkonzo zoluntu zifumaneka ezibhedlele nakwizikolo zabaneengxaki ezizodwa, zimbalwa kakhulu iinkonzo ezifumaneka ekuhlaleni. Uninzi lwezi nkonzo lufumaneka kwiindawo zasezidolophini kwaye ngabasebenzi beenkqubo zokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo abangaphantsi kwe-19% abasebenza kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ngaphandle kwemida yeNqila yeKapa.
Iinkonzo zonyangoZenqanaba Lokuqala zifumaneka kuphela kumaziko athile asekuhlaleni nezibhedlele zezithili.
Kodwa zonke iikliniki ziyawuqhuba umsebenzi wokuhlola iintsana nabasaqingqayo. Xa kuthe kwakrokrelwa ukuba umntwana unokhubazeko lwengqondo okanye lomzimba umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki eyodwa kwinqanaba lesibini nenqanaba lesithathu. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. ingcali yezomzimba, okanye ingcali yezomsebenzi kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango ukuba lukhona. Ukongeza kwinkqubo yokuhlola okulandelwa kukuthunyelwa kwelinye iziko, ukubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo kulo mgangatho ikakhulu kugxininisa ekulawulweni kwezifo ezinzima, ukuhambela amakhaya, ukuqeqeshwa kweentsapho nabancedisi bezigulane, ukuvavanyela ukufunyaniswa izibonelelo zokukhubazeka nokubonisana nee-NGOs, amaqela enkxaso, izikolo neekritshi.
Iinkonzo zenqanaba lesibini zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo zenzelwe abantu abakhubazeke nje okwethutyana/abakhubazeke phantse isigxina kwaye kubonelelwa ngazo kwizibhedlele zeenqila nezithili. ICandelo leeNgxaki zoMqolo (unyango lweengxaki ezinzima) kweli leNtshona Koloni lisusiwe kwisiBhedlele i-Conradie e-Pinelands kwiSixeko saseKapa laya kuvulwa kwisiBhedlele i-Groote Schuur.
Amacandelo ajongana nokunyanga abaguliswa ziingxaki zomsebenzi (occupational therapy), macandelo lawo ase-Tygerberg, e-Groote Schuur, e-Stikland nakwisibhedlele sase-Lentegeur abonelela ngenkonzo yokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo enxulumene nezomsebenzi. Oku ikakhulu kubandakanya ukuvavanyelwa ukuqhuba umsebenzi, vavanyo olo luzama ukufumanisa ukulungela kwabo bavavanywayo ukubuyela emsebenzini emva kokonzakala okanye kokugula. Ukuba bakulungele oko baye babe yinxalenye yabathabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yesibhedlele yokubalungiselela ukulungela izakhono eziphambili zokuqhuba umsebenzi. Ukuba abakakulungeli oko, abasebenzi bangacebisa ukuba basetyenziswe kwindawo yengqesho ekhuselweyo, ndawo leyo iphantsi kweSebe lePhondo leeNkonzo zeNtlalo yoLuntu neSebe leSizwe lezeMicimbi yaBasebenzi.
Azingako noko iinkonzo ezikhoyo zokunceda izigulane ezifuna ukunyangelwa iingxaki zonyango, ezangemva koqhaqho, ezangemva kokonzakala kakhulu, ezimalunga nezivamvo, ezamathambo, ezezihlunu namathambo nezinye izigulo. Ezo zigulo zibandakanya, umzekelo, ukutsha, ukonzakala entloko, ukufa kwamalungu athile omzimba, ukunqanyulwa kwamalungu athile omzimba, iingxaki zokuphefumla, ezentliziyo nezinye iingxaki.
Le nkonzo ibandakanya inkonzo yokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo eqhutyelwa ekhaya kwabo bantu bakhulu abakhubazeke ngokomzimba. Ikho ikliniki yabagulela ngaphandle yokuqhuba zonke iinkqubo zokuvavanywa kwezigulane zivavanyelwa iimfuno zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo, ukuphinda ekliniki nokuvavanyelwa ukulungela izibonelelo zabakhubazekileyo. Igqiza eliphuma kumaziko ase-Karl Bremer libonelela ngovavanyo lokuhlangabezana neengxaki zabagulayo, vavanyo olo luqhutyelwa kwiikliniki ezisekuhlaleni kwaye lincedisa abaneengxaki ekufumaneneni izixhobo zokubancedisa kwiingxaki zabo, zixhobo ezo zifana nezitulo ezinamavili okuhamba. Eli gqiza likwanceda abasebenzi beenkqubo zokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo abakweminye imimandla ngokubafumanisa amava oqeqesho oluqhutyelwa emsebenzini.
Indlela yokufumana le nkonzo: Abantu abakhubazeke ngokomzimba nabakhubazeke ngokwengqondo kufuneka baqale bazame ukufumanisa ukuba ikho kusini na inkonzo yonyango ekhoyo kwinqanaba lokuqala leenkonzo zonyango. Baya kuthunyelwa kwamanye amanqanaba angaphezulu ukuba kukho imfuneko yoko.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom baze bavulelwe ifayili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isilipu sakho somvuzo wokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wakha wabhaliswa kwisibhedlele eso.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa wezeMpilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abantu abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ngo-2003, le nkonzo ifanele ukufumaneka simahla. Le nto ibandakanya izigulane zangaphandle nezilaliswe esibhedlele, kwaye ibandakanya iindlela zokunceda abakhubazekileyo ngezinto ezifana nezitulo ezinamavili nezixhobo zokuva. Loo nkonzo yasimahla kufanele ibandakanye abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, kukhubazeka oko okubensiphumo sokuba kube nzima kubo ukuphila ubomi besiqhelo, abantu abakhulileyo abathatyathwa njengebagula kakhulu kunye nezigulane ezigcinwe ixesha elide kwizibhedlele zabagula ngengqondo. Iindlela yokuvavanya le nkqubo neyona ndlela ezakusetyenziswa ngayo zisaphandwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6461.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ijolise ekuboneleleni, ekuyaleleni, ekulungiseni nasekusetyenzisweni kutsha kwezixhobo zokuncedisana nabagulayo, zixhobo ezo zifana nezitulo ezinamavili, izixhobo zokuhamba kunye nezixhobo zokuncedisana nabangevayo, abazifunayo ezo zixhobo.
Kukho amaziko amathandathu kummandla woNxweme oluseNtshona/kummandla we-Winelands, nakwezi zibhedlele zilandelayo: I-Stellenbosch, Paarl, Citrusdaal, Clanwilliam, Vredendal ne-Vredenberg.
UMzantsi Kapa/Karu unamaziko amahlanu: E-George, Oudtshoorn, Beaufort-West, Plettenberg Bay nase-Mossel Bay.
Ngokubanzi, izixhobo zokuncedisana nabagulayo zinqongophele kulo lonke eleNtshona Koloni. Iinkonzo zidla ngokuthembela kwizipho zezixhobo ezindala nokuthengwa kwezixhobo ezintsha.
Ukuze ube nokufumana isitulo esinamavili, okanye inqwelwana yokukhwelisa abantwana, kufuneka uye kwiziko lonyango lenqanaba lokuqala lona libonelela ngaloo nkonzo. Uya kuvavanywa yingcali kwezengxaki zokugula okuchaphazela umsebenzi, ingcali kwezeengxaki zomzimba, kunesi wezamathambo ojongana nabachachayo ze emva koko kube nokwenziwa isigqibo malunga nesixhobo sokuncedisana nabagulayo esifanelekileyo.
Usenokuthunyelwa kwiziko iWestern Cape Rehabilitation Centre ukuze ufumane isitulo sezigulane esenzelwe wena ngokweemfuno zakho, esihambelana nendlela ohlala ngayo phantsi.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom baze bavulelwe ifayili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho, okanye ukuba ngumntwana makuziwe nekhadi i-Road to Health Card yakhe. Ukuba ufuna isixhobo sokuncedisana nogulayo kufuneka undwendwele unesi wezamathambo okanye ingcali yeengxaki zomzimba/ingcali yeengxaki zezigulo zasemsebenzini kwikliniki ekufutshane nawe okanye kwiziko lezempilo lasekuhlaleni/kwisibhedlele sesithili.
Isitulo esinamavili singabiza ama-R395, situlo eso sinokusetyenziswa ubomi besigulane bonke. Inqwelwana yokukhwelisa umntwana yona ingabiza ama-R25 kwaye kufuneka ibuyiselwe embusweni xa ingasafuneki. Loo nqwelwana iya kuthengiselwa omnye umntu kodwa ngexabiso eliphantsi. Zonke izixhobo ezingamacebo oncedo zingahlawulwa ngokweentlawulo zenyanga. Kulandela isibhengezo soMphathiswa wezeMpilo uManto Tshabalala-Msimang esithi umgaqo-nkqubo wononophelo lwempilo simahla kubantu abakhubazekileyo uza kuqala ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kweyeKhala, ngo-2003. Oku kwambathisa ukundwendwela kwezigulane ezibhedlele nokulaliswa kwazo, yaye kuquka nezixhobo zoncedo kubantu abakhubazekileyo ezifana nezitulo ezihambayo zezigulana nezixhobo zokuva kwabo bangevayo. Le nkonzo ifumaneka simahla iya kuquka abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, nto leyo eyenze ukuba kube nzima kakhulu ukuphila ubomi ngendlela eqhelekileyo, abantu abakhulu abathatyathwa njengabangenamandla, kwakunye nezigulana zexesha elide kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo yengqondo. Iindlela zokuvavanya nokuba kanye kanye oku kuya kwenziwa njani zisephantsi kophando.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6461.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ijolise ekuboneleleni, ekuyaleleni, ekulungiseni nasekusetyenzisweni kutsha kwezixhobo zokuncedisana nabagulayo, zixhobo ezo zifana nezitulo ezinamavili, izixhobo zokuhamba kunye nezixhobo zokuncedisana nabangevayo, abazifunayo ezo zixhobo.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom baze bavulelwe ifayili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho, okanye ukuba ngumntwana makuziwe nekhadi i-Road to Health Card yakhe. Ukuba ufuna isixhobo sokuncedisana nogulayo kufuneka undwendwele unesi wezamathambo okanye ingcali yeengxaki zomzimba/ingcali yeengxaki zezigulo zasemsebenzini kwikliniki ekufutshane nawe okanye kwiziko lezempilo lasekuhlaleni/kwisibhedlele sesithili.
Isitulo esinamavili singabiza ama-R395, situlo eso sinokusetyenziswa ubomi besigulane bonke. Inqwelwana yokukhwelisa umntwana yona ingabiza ama-R25 kwaye kufuneka ibuyiselwe embusweni xa ingasafuneki. Loo nqwelwana iya kuthengiselwa omnye umntu kodwa ngexabiso eliphantsi. Zonke izixhobo ezingamacebo oncedo zingahlawulwa ngokweentlawulo zenyanga. Kulandela isibhengezo soMphathiswa wezeMpilo uManto Tshabalala-Msimang esithi umgaqo-nkqubo wononophelo lwempilo simahla kubantu abakhubazekileyo uza kuqala ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kweyeKhala, ngo-2003. Oku kwambathisa ukundwendwela kwezigulane ezibhedlele nokulaliswa kwazo, yaye kuquka nezixhobo zoncedo kubantu abakhubazekileyo ezifana nezitulo ezihambayo zezigulana nezixhobo zokuva kwabo bangevayo. Le nkonzo ifumaneka simahla iya kuquka abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, nto leyo eyenze ukuba kube nzima kakhulu ukuphila ubomi ngendlela eqhelekileyo, abantu abakhulu abathatyathwa njengabangenamandla, kwakunye nezigulana zexesha elide kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo yengqondo. Iindlela zokuvavanya nokuba kanye kanye oku kuya kwenziwa njani zisephantsi kophando.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6463.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zohlobo lwe-Orthotic zizixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa umgangatho wokushukunyiswa komzimba womntu okhubazekileyo, umzekelo, izinto ezifakelwa ezihlangwini, izixhobo ezibamba iqatha nenyawo, zinto ezo zizinzisa amaqatha emva kokufa kwamalungu athile omzimba. Izixhobo zohlobo lwe-Prosthetic, kwelinye icala, zizixhobo ezifakelwa emzimbeni endaweni yelungu elithile lomzimba emva kokonakalelwa lilungu elithile nokuba oko kwenzeka xa umntu ezalwa okanye ngenxa yengozi. Eli ziko libonelela ngeenkonzo zokufakela izixhobo zohlobo lwe-orthotic nezixhobo zohlobo lwe-prosthetic kuyo yomine imimandla yeNtshona Koloni ngaphandle kwaMazantsi eKapa/kweKaru, ndawo ezo loo msebenzi ziwunikele kwicandelo loshishino labucala.
Kuya kufuneka ukuba uthunyelwe kwiziko elise-Pinelands ngugqirha wezamathambo, ngunesi okanye unesi wezamathambo/yingcali kwezomzimba okanye kwezemisebenzi. Abasebenzi belo ziko babonelela ngenkqubo yokuhlangabezana neengxaki zabagulayo kwiikliniki ezincedisayo nezikwimimandla ngemimandla kanye kwiinyanga ezintathu.
Abantu abakhubazeke ngokomzimba nabakhubazeke ngokwengqondo kufuneka baqale bazame ukufumanisa ukuba ikho kusini na inkonzo yonyango ekhoyo kwinqanaba lokuqala leenkonzo zonyango. Baya kuthunyelwa kwamanye amanqanaba angaphezulu ukuba kukho imfuneko yoko. Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom baze bavulelwe ifayili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho kwaye umntwana yena makaphathelwe ikhadi i-Road to Health Card. Kuya kufuneka ukuba uthunyelwe kwiziko elise-Pinelands.
Njengoko uMphathiswa wezeMpilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kujulayi 2003, le nkonzo ifanele ukufumaneka simahla.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6465.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uninzi lweengxaki zokukhubazeka, kubandakanywa iingxaki zokuthetha nokuva zibonakala xa iintsana nabaqingqayo behlolwa njalo ngexesha lokukhula kwabo kwiikliniki zonyango. Ukuba ikho imfuneko umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki esebenza ngeengxaki ezizodwa. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. igcali yezifo zasemsebenzini, kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango (ukuba lukhona). Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abathi apha ekuhambeni kwexesha babe neengxaki zokuthetha nokuva kuya kufuneka ukuba baye kwikliniki yonyango, apho baya kuvavanywa khona.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom size isigulane eso sivulelwe ifayili. Ukuba ufuna isincedisi esifana nesincedisi sokuva, kuya kufuneka ukuba ufune unesi weengxaki zomzimba okanye ingcali yeengxaki zomzimba kwikliniki ekufutshane okanye kwiziko lezempilo lasekuhlaleni/kwisibhedlele sesithili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho kwaye yena umntwana makaphathelwe ikhadi lakhe elibizwa ngokuba Yindlela Eya Empilweni.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa Wezempilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ku-2003, le nkonzo iya kufumaneka simahla. Le nkonzo ke ijongana nezigulana ezingalaliswayo kwakunye nokwamkelwa ezibhedlele kwezigulana, iquka izixhobo ezincedisda ekukhubazekeni ezifana nezo zokuncedisana nabantu abangevayo. Le nkonzo isimahla ke iquka abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, nto leyo ikhokelele ekubeni kube nzima ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kwaba bantu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6513.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu basetyhini abangafuni kuqhubekeka nokukhulelwa kwabo banokukhetha ukukuphelisa oko kukhulelwa. Ukuqhomfa ungakhange uhlawule nesenti kuyafumaneka kwezinye iikliniki zoMbuso.
Ungayifumana phi le Nkonzo?
Ungayifumana njani le Nkonzo?
Nawaphi na amabhinqa (nakobuphi na ubudala) anakho ukufumana uqhomfo olusemthethweni lomitho ulungafunekiyo ngokumayela noMthetho wokuziKhethela ukuQhomfa (Act 92 of 1996). Ingcebiso ngaphambi nasemva yokupheliswa komitho engamiselwanga ifanelwe inikezelwe. Ukuvuma komzali okanye iqabane alufuneki nganto. Abafazi bacetyiswa ukuba baqhomfe ngokukhuselekileyo nangokusemthethweni kunokuya koko kwasemva kocangongo kunokuba nobungozi kwimpilo nakubomi babo. Kwakhona kufuneka ubonane noCwangciso-Nzala (Family Planning) uthintelo olungxamisekileyo.
Ukufumana ukhupho sisu olusisimahla, isicelo sokukhupha isisu kufuneka senziwe kwiklinikhi yakho yezempilo, apho ukumitha kwakho kuya kuqinisekiswa khona, ingcebiso inikezelwe, kuvunyelwane ngosuku olulandelayo lwendibano, kunye nencwadi yokudluliselwa inikezelwe kwindawo apho le nkqubo iya kwenziwa khona. Ayingabo bonke abasebenzi bezempilo abakuthakazelelayo ukusebenzisana nale nkonzo, kodwa bayanyanzeliswa ngumthetho ukuba mabamazise umxhamli wale nkonzo ngamalungelo akhe baze bamdlulisele umxhamli lowo kumsebenzi wezeMpilo okanye indawo apho anakho ukufumana khona le nkonzo.
Ukuba uneenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu (iiveki ezili-13 ukuya kwezili-20) umithi, eminye imimiselo eyahlukileyo iya kusetyenziswa yiTOP.
Kukho umngcipheko kwimpilo yomzimba nengqondo yomfazi okanye usana olungekazalwa lukhula esibelekweni.
Ukufumana umntwana kuya kubangela iingxaki zentlalo nezoqoqosho kulo mama.
Umfazi emithe ngenxa yokudlwengulwa okanye ngenxa yombulo.
Le nkonzo, noxa kunjalo, iyacelwa kwiKlinikhi yakho yezeMpilo.
La maqela abucala nawo anakho ukukunceda.
Ukuba uyaqala ukuba ngumhambeli kwindawo yezempilo uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo yaye uxwebhu oluneenkcukacha zakho luya kuvulwa. Yiza nencwadi yesazisi yakho, incwadi yokuthunyelwa kwakho (ukuba kuyaqondakala), naluphi na uhlobo lwamayeza owasebenzisayo kwakunye nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele/klinikhi, ukuba ububhalisile kwezo ndawo kwilixa elidlulileyo. Kufuneka utyikitye iphetshana lesicelo yokwaziswa evunyiweyo enikezela ngemvume yokuqhomfa. Abasebenzi bezeMpilo abangathandiyo ukwenza le nkonzo ngaphantsi kwesizathu esithile kufuneka bakudlulisele kwiqabane labo elivumayo ukukwenza oko okanye kweyona ndawo ingundoqo yommandla kunye nencwadi yokukudlulisa kwakunye nobhaliso osele lwenziwe.
Upheliso-mitho lusimahla kwiindawo zempilo nonyango yaye xa udluliselwe ngokomgca onguwo. Iinkonzo zeenqwelo zezigulana zisimahla nazo kubafazi abenze uqhomfo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6517.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza. Ukuba kuthe kwafumaniseka iqhuma, uya kuthunyelwa kuphando oluthe xhaxhe, oluya kuhlanganisa imammogram, ukususwa nokuxilongwa kweqhuma elo ukufumanisa ukuba alinabungozi na (alinamhlaza) okanye linobungozi (linomhlaza) na, ze ke umntu lowo aqeqeshelwe ukumelana noku afumane nonyango.
Uqeqesho lokuzivavanya amabele ngokwakho luyanikezelwa kwiiklinikhi. Kufuneka umntu lowo adluliselwe kwiiklinikhi zezigulana ezingalaliswayo ezingahlali kuloo mmandla kwakunye nezibhedlele ezikudidi lwesithathu oluphezulu apho iinkonzo zonyango lomhlaza webele ezibanzi, zingafumaneka khona. Ukuba uyityelela okokuqala le iklinikhi kuyakudingeka ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhalisa kwakunye noxwebhu lwabatyeleli besi sbhedlele luya kuvulwa. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, ikhadi lakho leseklinikhi/lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe kwenye yezindawo kwakunye nencwadi yembalelwano esuka kweso sikuthumele kule klinikhi yonyango lomhlaza webele.
Iinkonzo zonyango kumaziko onyango lodidi lokuqala zifumaneka simahla kubantu phantsi kwe-medical aid. Ukuba uthi uthunyelwe kwisibhedlele, kusenokufuneka uhlawule. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka emvuzweni wakho nasekubeni bangaphi na abantu abaxhomekeke kuloo mvuzo. Izibhedlele ke ziya kucela ukuba uze nesona siqinisekiso somvuzo wakho sitsha/uvavanyo lomvuzo wakho (iphetshana iIRP5).
<fn>GOV-ZA.65182.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6519.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkonzo izama ukunceda omama notata abangafumani bantwana ukuba bakhawule babe nzima. Ingcebiso nolwazi luyanikezelwa mayela neendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo. Imbali yala maqabane iyathatyathwa zize neemvavanyo zenziwe. Kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, unyango lochumiso luyanikezelwa okanye kucetyiswe ngokuchasene nalo.
Akukho nkonzo zakuchumisa kumgangatho weendawo zonyango lwempilo zokuqala kodwa kumgangatho wesithathu wezibhedlele ezinjengeTygerberg kunye neGroote Schuur zinikezela ngophando olwandisiweyo kwakunye nonyango. Ukudluliselwa phambili kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu kuyimfuneko apho unyango olwahluka-hlukeneyo lochumiso lunikezelwa khona. Ukuba ungumtyeleli wesihlandlo sokuqala kuya kufuneka uzalise ifomu yaye noxwebhu luya kuvulwa. Thabatha incwadi yakho yesazisi kunye nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisile esibhedlele.
Kukho indleko ekhoyo. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka kumvuzo waba babini kwakunye nenani labantu abaxhomekeke kubo, ngokomlinganiselo wamaxabiso esibhedlele.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6521.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abafazi abayeka ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha elililo (ngaphambi kobudala obungama- 45 eminyaka) okanye abakwixesha lokuyeka kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu ezibagungqisayo, banakho ukufumana uphononongo koogqirha bomama kwakunye nokuxilongwa. Uvavanyo lwencindi lungenziwa ukuze kubekho izigqibo zonyango. Oomama bangacela ingcebiso ukuze bakwazi ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela yonyango iphucukileyo.
Ungatyelela indawo yonyango lokuqala esekuhlaleni, yaye ngokuxhomekeke kwingxaki leyo, usenokuthunyelwa kwicandelo leenkonzo zabasetyhini kummandla okanye kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu (iGroote Schuur okanye iTygerberg) ukuyokwenza uxilongo lwencindi, uphando oluthe xhaxhe nonyango. Kuya kufuneka uthunyelwe ukuba utyelele kwizibhedlele zommandla okanye kwezikumgangatho wesithathu apho iinkonzo zabasetyhini zifumaneka khona. Ukuba ungumtyeleli okokuqala, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu luya kuvulwa. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi kwakunye nekhadi lakho laseklinikhi/isibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe kakade kwindawo enjalo.
Inkonzo kwiindawo zokuqala zonyango lwempilo zisimahla ukuba akunayo imedical aid. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele, kusengakhona iindleko ezikhoyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.65254.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Town Hall, Opp.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.65260.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Opp Cnr Sable and Thames Roads.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6527.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ijolise ekuthinteleni iimeko zamehlo eziya kukhokelela kubumfama, yaye nokunyanga abantu abanengxaki nokubona kwabo.
Uxilongo lwamehlo, eliqukanisa nokusebenzisa iitshathi zamehlo, ziyafumaneka kwiiKlinikhi zokuQala zoGonyo lweMpilo (kumgangatho wePHC, zinceda ukukhangela iingxaki zokunganyangeki ezinje ngokubona izinto ezikufutshane kuphela, ukubona kude kuphela, ukubona jijekileyo kwakunye "namehlo agugayo". Emva kobudala obungama-40 eminyaka, inwebu yamehlo (isilanga) iyaqina yaye yenze kube nzima kwabanye abantu ukufunda besondele.
Abongikazi bezikolo kwakunye nabongikazi baseziklinikhi zogonyo lokuqala lwempilo banakho ukudlulisela abantwana ukuba bayokuxilongwa amehlo kwiiklinikhi zesikolo.
Ukuba ufuna iiglasi zamehlo, igama lakho liya kufakwa kuluhlu lwabalindileyo ukusukela kwinyanga enye ukuya kwezili- 18. Umongikazi wasendaweni yokuqala yonyango (The PHC nurse) uya kwenza ubhukisho lwakho lokba udibane noGqirha wamehlo omana etyelela iklinikhi ngamaxesha amathile. Iiglasi zamehlo ezisimahla kwakunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo zokunceda zisele zikhona yaye ziza kuphunyezwa kungekudala.
Iingxangxasi zamehlo okanye umlanga, ukukhukhumala okubonakala kuwile/ukuba luzizi wesilanga, zizinto ezo ezikhokelela kubumfama. Ziyanyangeka yaye ziyakwazi ukuchongeka ngokulula kwiiklinikhi zonyango-mpilo zokuqala kwakunye nakumaziko, nnakwabo Bantu banyangela emakhaya ngoba ziyabonakala ngokuthe gca. Uqhaqho lokususa umlanga lwenziwa kwizibhedlele zomgangatho wesibini. Kukho uluhlu lwabalindileyo. Abantu abaneswekile kufuneka balufumane ukhangelo lwamehlo kanye ngonyaka ukukhangela ukwakheka komlanga emehlweni abo. Kungakhona nomahluko kwinwebu ephakathi elisweni, enokukhokelela ebumfameni. Kule meko umxhamli kufuneka ukuba adluliselwe kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesibini, apho aya kufumana khona unyango ekuthiwa yi 'laser therapy'.
Uthintelo kwasekuqaleni luqukanisa imfundo ngezempilo, ugonyo lwemasisi ebantwaneni, iinkonzo zoomama nezempilo, nenkuthazo yokhuseleko. Uthintelo loloyiko lokonakala kwenwebu yamehlo eyenziwa kukungondleki kakuhle, usuleleko kunye nomenzakalo/ukwenzakala kubalulekile. Ukungafumaneki kakuhle kukavithamini A yeyona ndoqo edala ubumfama ebantwaneni.
Isifo samehlo esingapheliyo nesinokubangela ukungaboni (Chronic glaucoma) yenye yezinto zesibini ezinobangela ubumfama eMzantsi Afrika. Abongikazi abaxilonga amehlo kwakunye noogqirha bamehlo bayabaxilonga abaxhasi babo ezibhedlele (ezikwingingqi okanye ezikumgangatho wesibini). Ukuba unyango ngokutyanda luyadingeka, isigulana siya kudluliselwa kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu.
SA Optometric Association, ifoni ithi 011 805 4517 okanye email pro@saoa.co.
Uxilongo lwamehlo olukudidi olusezantsi luyafumaneka kuzo zonke iiklinikhi zePHC kwakunye nakumaziko. Ukuba kuyafuneka, abaxhasi baya kuthunyelwa kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho wesibini nowesithathu ukuze baxilongwe baze banyangwe ngokuthe xhaxhe. Abatyeleli bokuqala kwiklinikhi okanye kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesibini/nowesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu lweenkcukacha luya kuvulelwa umguli lowo. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi. Incwadi yokuthunyelwa evela eklinikhi iya kufunwa xa utyelele isibhedlele. Izibhedlele ziya kukubuza nangamaphepha abonisa umvuzo wakho wakutsha nje/uphononongo lomvuzo (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawusele ubhalisiwe esibhedlele.
Kusimahla kumgangatho weeklinikhi zonyango zokuqala (PHC). Ukuba udluliselwe esibhedlele ikhona indleko ekhoyo. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka ekubeni wamkela malini na kwaye bangaphi na abantu abaxhomekeke kuwe, ngokuphathelele kwisikali sokuxabisa sasesib.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6527.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ijolise ekuthinteleni iimeko zamehlo eziya kukhokelela kubumfama, yaye nokunyanga abantu abanengxaki nokubona kwabo.
Uxilongo lwamehlo, eliqukanisa nokusebenzisa iitshathi zamehlo, ziyafumaneka kwiiKlinikhi zokuQala zoGonyo lweMpilo kumgangatho wePHC, zinceda ukukhangela iingxaki zokunganyangeki ezinje ngokubona izinto ezikufutshane kuphela, ukubona kude kuphela, ukubona jijekileyo kwakunye "namehlo agugayo". Emva kobudala obungama-40 eminyaka, inwebu yamehlo isilanga iyaqina yaye yenze kube nzima kwabanye abantu ukufunda besondele.
Ukuba ufuna iiglasi zamehlo, igama lakho liya kufakwa kuluhlu lwabalindileyo ukusukela kwinyanga enye ukuya kwezili- 18. Umongikazi wasendaweni yokuqala yonyango (The PHC nurse) uya kwenza ubhukisho lwakho lokba udibane noGqirha wamehlo omana etyelela iklinikhi ngamaxesha amathile. Iiglasi zamehlo ezisimahla kwakunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo zokunceda zisele zikhona yaye ziza kuphunyezwa kungekudala.
Iingxangxasi zamehlo okanye umlanga, ukukhukhumala okubonakala kuwile/ukuba luzizi wesilanga, zizinto ezo ezikhokelela kubumfama. Ziyanyangeka yaye ziyakwazi ukuchongeka ngokulula kwiiklinikhi zonyango-mpilo zokuqala kwakunye nakumaziko, nnakwabo Bantu banyangela emakhaya ngoba ziyabonakala ngokuthe gca. Uqhaqho lokususa umlanga lwenziwa kwizibhedlele zomgangatho wesibini. Kukho uluhlu lwabalindileyo. Abantu abaneswekile kufuneka balufumane ukhangelo lwamehlo kanye ngonyaka ukukhangela ukwakheka komlanga emehlweni abo. Kungakhona nomahluko kwinwebu ephakathi elisweni, enokukhokelela ebumfameni. Kule meko umxhamli kufuneka ukuba adluliselwe kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesibini, apho aya kufumana khona unyango ekuthiwa yi 'laser therapy'.
Uthintelo kwasekuqaleni luqukanisa imfundo ngezempilo, ugonyo lwemasisi ebantwaneni, iinkonzo zoomama nezempilo, nenkuthazo yokhuseleko. Uthintelo loloyiko lokonakala kwenwebu yamehlo eyenziwa kukungondleki kakuhle, usuleleko kunye nomenzakalo/ukwenzakala kubalulekile. Ukungafumaneki kakuhle kukavithamini A yeyona ndoqo edala ubumfama ebantwaneni.
Isifo samehlo esingapheliyo nesinokubangela ukungaboni (Chronic glaucoma) yenye yezinto zesibini ezinobangela ubumfama eMzantsi Afrika. Abongikazi abaxilonga amehlo kwakunye noogqirha bamehlo bayabaxilonga abaxhasi babo ezibhedlele (ezikwingingqi okanye ezikumgangatho wesibini). Ukuba unyango ngokutyanda luyadingeka, isigulana siya kudluliselwa kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu.
Uxilongo lwamehlo olukudidi olusezantsi luyafumaneka kuzo zonke iiklinikhi zePHC kwakunye nakumaziko. Ukuba kuyafuneka, abaxhasi baya kuthunyelwa kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho wesibini nowesithathu ukuze baxilongwe baze banyangwe ngokuthe xhaxhe. Abatyeleli bokuqala kwiklinikhi okanye kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesibini/nowesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu lweenkcukacha luya kuvulelwa umguli lowo. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi. Incwadi yokuthunyelwa evela eklinikhi iya kufunwa xa utyelele isibhedlele. Izibhedlele ziya kukubuza nangamaphepha abonisa umvuzo wakho wakutsha nje/uphononongo lomvuzo (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawusele ubhalisiwe esibhedlele.
Kusimahla kumgangatho weeklinikhi zonyango zokuqala (PHC). Ukuba udluliselwe esibhedlele ikhona indleko ekhoyo. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka ekubeni wamkela malini na kwaye bangaphi na abantu abaxhomekeke kuwe, ngokuphathelele kwisikali sokuxabisa sasesib.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6529.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukosuleleka okuvela kwizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kwenzeka ngokulalana kwabantu ngendlela engakhuselekanga. Olu suleleko ludala izifo ezidluliswa ngokwabelana ngesondo, eziqhelekileyo, ezinokudala ubuhlungu, nezinokubangela ubudlolo kwakunye nokufa ukuba azifumananga kunyangwa. Ezinye eziqhelekileyo zezizifo zezi: ukuvuza ngaphantsi, itrichomoniasisi, usuleleko lwechlamydial kunye negcushuwa. Iintsumpa ezikumalungu okuzala zibangelwa yihuman papillomavirus yaye ezinye ke iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela womhlaza eba kwimilomo yesizalo.
Okubalulekileyo: Akukwazi kumbona umntu ukuba unesifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngokumjonga nje; abantu abanezi zifo, kuquka nabo banentsholongwane kaGawulayo, amaxesha amaninzi abajongeki njengabantu abagulayo. Kungamthatha ukusukela kwiminyaka ukuya kwelishumi umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuba abonakalise iimpawu zoku.
Uninzi lwezifo ezifunyanwa ngokusuleleka kusabelwana ngesondo zinakho ukugonywa yaye ziyanyangeka. Nangona kunjalo, ugawulayo oyi-Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome kwakunye nentsholongwane ezuzeke ngokwabelana ngesondo iHuman Immuno-Deficiency Virus - ebangela iAids ayinakunyangeka. Intshlongwane kaGawulayo le yosulela ngokuhlangana xa nisabelana ngesondo, ngegazi, kwanasemntwaneni oyifumene kunina ngexesha enzima, ekuzaleni, nasekuncanciseni ibele. Noxa nje ugawulayo enganyangeki, iziphumo zakhe zinakho ukuthintelwa kangangexeshana elivisayo.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezinye zezi zifo zosulelayo ezinje ngegcushuwa kunye namaqhakuva apha kusisi kwandisa amathuba omntu okuba afumane ugawulayo okanye okumsasazela kwabanye. Esi sisizathu esilungileyo sokuba abantu abanezi zifo bakhawuleze bafumane unyango ukuba kunokwenzeka, bavavanyelwe ugawulayo baze bacetyiswe. Oku kungenziwa kwiiklinikhi zogonyo zokuqala kwakunye nakumaziko.
iCandelo Lolawulo elijongene nezinto ezidibene nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo sele liqalise inkqubo esakhasayo yezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kunye noogqirha abambalwa apha kweli Phondo. Inkqubo yenza ingcebiso, ukuqonda isifo ngokuxilonga kwakunye nonyango lwezi zifo ziza ngokusuleleka ngokwabelana ngesondo ezikhoyo ngendlela engenye kwiindawo zonyango lwempilo zokuqala. Ugqirha uya kuxilonga aze anyange isifo sesifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ukuba kuyimfuneko. Umxhamli kuya kufuneka ahlawule intlawulo yokubonana nogqirha kodwa amayeza wona aya kunikezelwa simahla. Buzisa kwindawo yonyango lwempilo yokuqala esekuhlaleni kwakho. Apho unokuqhagamshelana khona nomnye woogqirha.
Zonke iiklinikhi zempilo zonyango zokuqala okanye amaziko zinakho ukuxilonga zinyange amaxhoba ezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, abantu basengafuna ukudluliselwa kwizibhedlele zomgangatho wesibini nowesithathu ukuze bafumane uvavanyo oluthe xhaxhe kwakunye nogonyo. Abantu abatyelela okokuqala eklinikhi, izibhedlele zomgangatho wesibini nowesithathu zingacela ukuba bazalise ifomu kwaye noxwebhu luya kuvulelwa umguli lowo. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi. Incwadi yokudluliselwa isengabizwa xa utyelela isibhedlele. Izibhedlele zingacela amaphepha akho omrholo wakutsha nje/uphononongo lomvuzo (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe esibhedlele.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6539.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ugonyo lukhusela abantu abadala nabantwana kwizifo ezinobungozi kodwa zinokuthintelwa. UMbutho weMpilo kaZwelonke uthi ugonyo luhlangula ubomi bezigidi ezithathu zabantu ngonyaka.
Kufuneka agonywe nini umntwana wakho?
ISebe lezeMpilo licebisa oomama ngokumandla ukuba bakhusele abantwana babo kwizifo ezosulelayo ngokuthi babase ukuba baye kugonywa ukususela ekuzalweni kwabo ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ugonyo lufumaneka simahla kuwo onke amaziko ezonyango. Eli Sebe liqhuba amaphulo ogonyo, baze abasebenzi bezempilo bathunyelwe kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi ukuya kugonya abantwana. Eli Phondo liceba iphulo elikhulu logonyo ukulwa nerhashalala kunye nepoliyo ngonyaka ka-2004.
Ugonyo lukhuselekile. Nangona zisenokuba kho iziphumo ezingalunganga emva kogonyo, zisoloko zingenabungozi bungako yaye ziphela ngokukhawuleza. Qhagamshelana nekliniki ekufutshane nawe ukufumana iingcebiso ukuba uxhalabile.
Ipoliyo ibangwa ziintsholongwane (iintsholongwane zepoliyo), ezithi zihlasele imithambo-luvo, zibangela ukutyhafa okanye ukushwabana komlenze okanye kwengalo xa ithe yanobuzaza, isenokuchaphazela izihlunu zemiphunga okanye ukuphefumla.
Irhashalala ibangela icesina kunye nerhashalala yaye ingakhokhelela kutyatyazo nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukungeva ngeendlebe, izigulo zamehlo, ukukrala kwemiphunga, ukonakala kwengqondo kunye nokufa.
I-Haemophilus Influenza Type B (Hib) sisigulo esinobungozi kakhulu esihlasela ikakhulu abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala, yaye ukubulawa sesi sifo kuqhelekile kubantwana abangaphantsi konyaka ubudala. Abanye babantwana abasindayo kwesi sifo bathi babe nomonakalo osisigxina ofana nobumfama, ukungeva ngeendlebe, ukonakala kwengqondo okanye ukushwabana kwamalungu omzimba.
I-Pertussis (unkonkonko) uqala ngentloko ebuhlungu, icesina nokhohlokhohlo. Uhlaselo lokhohlokhohlo olukhulu luthi lwenze kube nzima ukuba umntwana atye, asele okanye aphefumle.
Uminxano-mihlathi (ukuqina kwemihlathi) lwenzeka xa ityhefu evela kwintsholongwane yominxano-mihlathi esuka emhlabeni ithi ingene enxebeni okanye umkrwelo. Le ntsholongwane ingabangela inkantsi yezihlunu, iingxaki zokuphefumla nezentliziyo, kunye nokufa. Amathuba okubulawa yile meko maninzi kakhulu.
Isifo sokudumba kwenwebu yobuchopho esibangelwa sisifo sephepha sisifo esinobungozi kakhulu nesinokuhlasela wonke umntu singakhethi budala butheni. Abo bafumana isifo sephepha bathi bakhathazwe kukukhohlela ithuba elide, iintlungu zesifuba, ukubila ebusuku, ukwehla ngokwasemzimbeni kwanokufa xa sithe asanyangwa. Kubantwana abancinane intsholongwane yesifo sephepha ingahlasela ingqondo ibangele ukudumba kwenwebu yobuchopho, okanye ingangena egazini ize yandele kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Isifo sephepha singababulala abantu abancinci. Olona khuseleko lwabantu abasebancinci kwisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane yesifo sephepha lugonyo lwe-BCG.
Olu ludwe lwenkqubo yogonyo lulapha ngezantsi lubonakalisa ubudala bogonyo ngalunye. Kubalulekile ukuba ugonyo lugqitywe njengoko lucacisiwe kolu luhlu.
Ugonyo luyafumaneka kuzo zonke iikliniki zoncedo lwezempilo nakumaziko ezempilo, nakulawo omgangatho ophezulu. Kufuneka usoloko uphethe itshati okanye ikhadi elibizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esinga eMpilweni ngalo lonke ixesha usiya ekliniki ukuqinisekisa ukuba ugonyo luhamba ngendlela eyiyo.
Lonke ugonyo olukuluhlu lwesiqhelo lufumaneka simahla kuzo zonke iindawo zoncedo lwezonyango kunye namaziko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.65730.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6606.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.66371.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I &gt Ixesha Lokuthabatha Umhlala-phantsi: Athini Amalungelo Akho?
Ixesha Lokuthabatha Umhlala-phantsi: Athini Amalungelo Akho?
Ekugqibeleni, wonke umntu kufuneka eyekile ukusebenza. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukuyeka ukusebenza beselula noko kanti abanye ke abanye basebenza de baphelelwe ngamandla. Nokuba ukhetha yiphi na kwezi, kufuneka uwazile amalungelo akho nezinto onokukhetha ukuzenza.
Imithetho elawula imicimbi yabasebenzi ayinanto ithe ngqo iyithethayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi. Noko kunjalo ke, ikwatsho ukuba akukho mntu uya kuxhatshazwa asengelwe phantsi ngenxa yobudala bakhe. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba umqeshi nomqeshwa kufuneka bavumelane ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi.
Xa isibhambathiso sakho sesivumelwano sengqesho sifuna ukuba uthabathe umhlala-phantsi xa ubudala buthile.
Xa wawufikelele kwisigqibo nomqeshi wakho ngexesha emawuwuthabathe ngalo umhlala-phantsi okanye ke xa isisithethe saloo nkampani ukuba abaqeshwa bathabathe imihlala-phantsi xa bebudala buthile.
Xa kungekho kukhankanywa kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi kwisivumelwano sakho sengqesho yaye akuzange ufikelele kwisivumelwano ngoku nomqeshi wakho.
Ukuba uthi utyikitye isibhambathiso sesivumelwano sengqesho esichaza ixesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, ngokomthetho ke kuya kufuneka uthabathe umhlala-phantsi ngelo xesha likhankanywe apho. Inkampani leyo ayinakunyanzeliswa ukuba ikwazise kwangethuba.
Ukuba ixesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi alikho kwisibhambathiso sakho sesivumelwano sengqesho kodwa kwakuvunyelwene ngaso okanye ke ukuba sikho isithethe saloo nkampani sokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, umqeshi ke ngoko angakunika isaziso esikuchazela ukuba kufuneka uwuthabathe umhlala-phantsi wakho xa ufikelela kwiminyaka ethile yobudala. Ixesha lesi saziso liya kulingana nelo lesaziso sokupheliswa kwengqesho esithiwe thaca kwisibhambathiso sakho sengqesho.
Kuxa kutheni xa kufuneka kubekho isithethe sokuthatyathwa komhlala-phantsi kuloo nkampani Kuxa kukho ulwazi oluphangaleleyo lokuba ixesha okanye ubudala "obuqhelekileyo" bokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi ngama-55, ama-60 okanye ama-65 eminyaka kodwa ke olu lwazi luphangalele kakhulu ukuba lungalulutho okanye lusetyenziswe kwiimeko ezithile?
Ukuba akukho kukhankanywa kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi lifanelekileyo kwisibhambathiso sakho sengqesho yaye inkampani leyo ayinasithethe sexesha elithile lokuthatyathwa komhlala-phantsi, ungaqhubekeka ke usebenze de ube kanti akusakwazi kuwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wakho. Umqeshi wakho angayiphelisa ingqesho yakho kuphela ngokwemigaqo yemithetho karhulumente elawula imicimbi yengqesho (oko ke kukungaziphathi kakuhle, iimfuno zengqesho okanye ukungakwazi kuwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wakho) yaye kuya kufuneka alandele imigaqo ethiwe thaca kwisibhambathiso sokuqeshwa kwakho naleyo ikwimithetho karhulumente elawula imicimbi yengqesho. Iinkundla zikufumanise ikukuxhaphaza nokusengela phantsi into yokuba umqeshi wakho aphelise ingqesho yakho ngenxa yobudala bakho.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngomthetho onento yokwenza nokugxothwa, khawujonge isikhokelo somthetho iLabour Relations Act seSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi esinezihloko esithi "Yazi iLRA Yakho".
Akukho nto icacileyo ngokomthetho ebhekiselele kumalungelo omqeshwa oqhubekeka asebenze emva kokufika kwexesha lakhe lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi. Kuyingcebiso entle ke ukuba umqeshi nomqeshwa bayicacise ngokuphandle imiqathango yengqesho emva kokufika kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, umzekelo: ukuba umqeshwa lo uya kuqhubekeka asebenze ixesha elingakanani na emva kokufika kwexesha lokutabatha kwakhe umhlala-phantsi yaye sesiphi na isaziso sokupheliswa kwengqesho esidingekayo ukuphelisa le ingqesho.
Emva kokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi ngokwesiqhelo uya kuxhomekeka kwingxwa-mali yomhlala-phantsi okanye ke leyo wawuyenzele ukulungiselela ixesha elinjengeli ukuze ube nokuphila.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6656.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iziko Lolondolozo Loovimba-mpepha laseKapa livumela uluntu ukuba lufikelele kwiimpepha zaseburhulumenteni kwaneempepha zabucala ezimashumi mabini nangaphezulu eminyaka ubudala. Lo vimba-mpepha usetyenziselwa ukugcina iinkcukacha zophando lwemfundo ephakamileyo, uphando lwaseburhulumenteni nolwabucala. Uphando lwenzululwazi ngomlibo wezilwanyana, izityalo nabantu lolona luphambili onokulufumana kwiimpepha zophando ezikulo vimba.
Xa sele umfumene lo vimba umfunayo, gcwalisa iphetshana lokumbolekwa elineenkcukacha zakhe ze ulinikezele kwelo gosa. Igosa elo ke liya kumzisa kuwe loo vimba kwelo gumbi lokufundela.
Ukuze ubhale phantsi amanqaku abalulekileyo ngophando olwenzayo, kuya kufuneka ube nephepha nosiba - iipen azivumelekanga xa usebenza ngeempepha ezineenkcukacha ezikoovimba. Ungeza nayo ke kodwa yona ikhompyuthas yakho encinci kuba sinazo iindawo zokugxumeka iiplagi.
Iinkcukacha ezithile ofuna ukwenza iikopi zazo ungazifumana ngokuthi ukhuphe kuwe engxoweni loo malana. Xa ufuna ezi kopi ke gcwalisa iphetshana elifanelekileyo ze ulinikezele kwigosa leli ziko. Igosa eli ke liya kukuchazela ukuba ukuba ezi kopi ziya kufumaneka nini na.
Kwangokufanayo, izicelo zokwenza iikpopi zemifanekiso ziya kudla kwakuwe engxoweni. Kwakhona ke, xa ufuna iikopi zemifanekiso, gcwalisa iphetshana elifanelekileyo ze elinikezele kwigosa leli ziko. Uya kuchazelwa yakuvela ke le kopi. Kuya kuthi ke kufuneke uye naloo kopi isafuna ukuhlanjwa kwindawo ehlambisa imifanekiso bhanya-bhanya.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6674.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwababoneleli Kumashishini Amnyama yeSebe Leentengiso Norhwebo yinkqubo engu-80:20 yokwabelana ngeendleko kumashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama, ngenkxaso-mali efikelela kwi-R100,000. Le nkqubo ke ikwabonelela nangeenkonzo zophuhliso lwamashishini ngenjongo yokunceda iinkampani ziphucule izakhono zazo ze zisebenze ngcono.
Ibe kanti inezabelo ezingama-51% ubuncinci eziphantsi kwamalungu amnyama ze ibe nabaphathi abalinani elivisayo abamnyama.
Ibe nengeniso engadlulanga kwi-R12 lezigidi zeerandi ngonyaka.
Ibe ikhe yasebenza ubuncinci ixesha elingunyaka.
Ekukhawuleziseni ukufaka amashishini asakhasayo, asaakhulayo nalawo sele ekhulile kundoqo woqoqosho lwesizwe.
Ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ziyakheka iintsebenziswano phakathi kwamashishini asakhasayo, asakhulayo nasekhulile aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama kwanalawo makhulu abucala nawaseburhulumenteni.
Ukuhlanganisa iindlela zokunikezela iithenda kubantu ababesakuhleleleka kwanamalinge okunikezela iinkonzo kumashishini abucala.
Ekuncediseni elo shishini ukuba lizixhobise ngezakhono ngeenjongo zokukwazi ukungenela isicelo sethenda ngempumelelo kwanokufumana amathuba okwenza imisebenzi karhulumente.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6676.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Indlela Yophuhliso Lwezakhono ijolise ekuboneleleni ngesikhokelo sokuphuhlisa nokufezekisa izicwangciso-maqhinga zamacandelo nezeendawo zempangelo zokuphucula izakhono zabasebenzi.
Irhafu Yezakhono Zabasebenzi yingxenye yale nkqubo, rhafu leyo esisixa semali ekufuneka abaqeshi bayihlawule kwiSARS ngeenjongo zokuphuhlisa izakhono zabasebenzi babo.
Iirhafu ezihlawulwa kwiSARS zifakwa kwingxowa-mali eyodwa. Ama-80% ale mali isuka kule ngxowa-mali isasazwa ngokuthi yahlulelwe Amaqumrhu Ajongene Noqeqesho Nemfundo Yabasebenzi (iiSETA ngamafuphi) ze ama-20% aseleyo adluliselwe kwiNgxaowa-mali Yesizwe Yezakhono. La maqumrhu anikezela ngeenkxaso-mali kubaqashi abathi baqashe Umntu oza kujongana Nophuhliso Lwezakhono kuqeqesho lwabasebenzi. Le Ngxowa-mali Yesizwe Yezakhono ixhasa nhgezimali amaphulo ajongene neenkqubo zophuhliso lwezakhono ezingaqhutywa zezi SETA.
Umqeshi angafumana imbuyekezo efikelela kumashumi amahlanu ekhulwini nangaphezulu eerhafu ezihlawulwe yiSETA okanye yiNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yezakhono ukuze loo mali isetyenziswe ekuqeqesheni nasekuphuhliseni izakhono zabasebenzi bakhe.
Iqumrhu Lesizwe Elijongene Nezakhono nelibeka esweni ukufezekiswa Kwesicwangciso-qhinga Sesizwe Sophuhliso Lwezakhono.
Ngubani ekufuneka ehlawule le rhafu?
Ingaba kufuneka uhlawule malini?
Uyifumana njani iNkxaso-mali Yophuhliso Lwezakhono?
Uhlawula ngaphezu kwama-R250 000 ngonyaka kwimivuzo yabaqeshwa bakho (nokuba ababhaliswanga kwi-SARS).
Kufuneka uhlawule ipesenti enye yemali epheleleyo ehlawulwa kwimivuzo yabaqeshwa (kuquka nentlawulo yexesha elongezelelweyo, intlawulo yekhefu, imali eyongezelelweyo, imali yesibonelelo kulowo ebenze umsebenzi kunye nentlawulo yezixa-mali).
Ukuze uhlawule kufuneka ubhalise kwi-SARS uze uhlawule irhafu nyanga zonke. I-SARS iza kunika iifomu ezifanelekileyo ukuba uzizalise (ii-SDL 201 ezizifomu zokubuyiselwa). Irhafu kufuneka ihlawulwe kwi-SARS phambi kweentsuku ezisixhenxe emva kokuphela kwenyanga nganye.
Ungayifumana imbuyekezo kwiSETA okanye ke kwigxowa-mali Yesizwe Yezakhono ukuze uyisebenzisele uqeqesho nophuhliso lwezakhono zabaqeshwa bakho.
Ube uzihlawule iirhafu Zophuhliso Lwezakhono.
Ube unaye umntu oza kujongana Nophuhliso Lwezakhono.
Uthobele yonke imithetho nemimiselo ekulo Mthetho.
Okanye ke uqhagamshelane ngqo nabanye babalawuli kuqeqesho kushishino.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6680.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ungaluzuza ulwazi ngamashishini nangamacandelo orhwebo aphathelele kwiPhondo kunye neSizwe kumaSebe ahluka-hlukeneyo kaRhulumente kwakunye neendawo zoLuntu ezikhoyo.
IWesgro iye yathabatha izifundo ekuthiwa yi-izifundo zangasese ngamacandelo amaninzi kwiNtshona-Koloni yaye kwakhona yavelisa amaphepha aqulethe inyaniso alula ukuwafunda eziphathelele kwezi ngxelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6685.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi nkcukacha-mpepha ziyafumaneka kwikhompyutha.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6735.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
izazinzulu kwinkalo yonyango lwezilwanyana.
izifundo bengaphakathi kwizikolo zamabanga aphakamileyo.
Uqeqesho kwezolimo nakwamanye amacandelo ezifundo asondeleyo, ngokwezifundo ezimfutshane neenkqubo zokufundela kwindawo yempangelo, ziyanikezelwa kwiKholeji Yezolimo iElsenburg.
Ezi zifundo zijoliswe ikakhulu kumafama amatsha, asakhulayo, nawayesakuhleleleka, kwakunye nabasebenzi basezifama.
Abantu abazimasa izifundoezipheleleyo bafumana iSiqinisekiso Sokuzimasa.
Abantu abafuna ukuvavanywa (ngokweemviwo) kufuneka batsho xa kuqinisekiswa ukungena kwizifundo ezi. Ukuba kuthe kwafunyaniswa ukuba umfundi othile ubonakalisa ulwazi nesakhono esingummangaliso kwezi mviwo, umfundi lowo uya kuthi athiwe jize ngeSiqinisekiso Sokugqiba ezi zifundo endaweni yeSiqinisekiso Sokuzimasa.
Izifundo ziya kunikezelwa kuphela ukuba inani elifunekayo labafundi lithe lafaka izicelo zokuzimasa, ngokwesiqhelo ke eli nani lidla ngokuba sisibhozo sabafundi ubuncinci ze ubuninzi ibe ngamashumi amabini anesihlanu abafundi abafunekayo.
Zonke izifundo zisenakho ukunikezelwa kude neKholeji Yezolimo yase-Elsenburg, kodwa ke zibe kanti zonke izixhobo namaziko okuqeqesha akho kuloo ndawo intsha.
Amatyeli oqeqesho olulandela olokuqala nawongezelelweyo kwiifama nakwiziza angenzelwa amalungiselelo ngokuthi kuhlawulwe isixa esithile.
Abafundi abazimasa ezi zifundo kufuneka babe neencwadana zabo zezazisi.
Ukuze ufumane olona luhlu lwezifundo ezenziwe ngoku kwanamxesha ezifundo, tyelela iwebsite yase-Elsenberg.
Izifundo zase-Elsenburg zibiza amashumi asibhozo anesihlanu eerandi kumntu ngamnye ngosuku, kuquka nesidlo sasemini. Indawo yokuhlala e-Elsenberg (ukuba ikho) ibiza amanye amashumi amathathu anesihlanu eerandi ngosuku kumntu ngamnye futhi oko kuquka isidlo sakusasa nesangokuhlwa. Izifundo ezifumaneka nakwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni (ezo zingabanjelwa e-Elsenberg) zibiza amashumi amahlanu eerandi ngosuku kumntu ngamnye.
Ezi zifundo zenzelwe umntu oqeshwe kwishishini lezolimo nonomdla ekwandiseni izifudo zakhe kwisifundo aza kuthi abe yingcali kuso. Le yinkqubo yokufunda ukuloo ndawo ukuyo enikezelwa kwinkqubo yokwenza uphando lwezolimo ngentsebenziswano nomncedisi nomcebisi kwishishini lezolimo.
Inkqubo yeDiploma ibandakanya izifundo ezingundoqo nekufuneka zikho kuyo neso umntu aza kuzikhethela sona ze asijonge njengeso aza kuba yingcali yaso.
iAgri Management III.
Ubuncinci eyona nto ifunwayo kumfundi ukuze abe nokwamkelwa kwezi zifundo siSiqinisekiso Sezifundo Zolimo kwiNqanaba Eliphezulu okanye ke ezilingana nazo.
Amaphetshana okufaka izicelo ayafumaneka kwiwebsite ye-Elsenburg.
Usuku lokuvalwa kwezicelo ngumhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yeDwarha.
Iintlawulo zokufunda kwinqanaba ngalinye: ngamakhulu alithoba namashumi amahlanu eerandi.
Le nkqubo yokwenza izifundo zobungcali kwezolimo ijoliswe kubenzi bewayini kwakunye nabo banomdla ekungeneni kwizifundo nemisebenzi esondeleyo kwishishini lewayini.
Le nkqubo yezifundo inikezelwa kwindawo Yokuqeqeshela ukwenza iwayini yase-Elsenburg, apho abafundi bafumana khona izifundo ngeencwadi kwanoqeqesho apho abafundi bangena kanye ekwenzeni iwayini ngezandla zabo kwanezinye izakhono zokulawula amashishini enza iwayini.
neWine Microbiology Practical III.
Abafaki-zicelo kukwafuneka ukuba babe bagqiba ngempumelelo inkqubo yeSiqinisekiso Esikwinqanaba Eliphezulu Kwezolimo, babe babekhethe iViticulture neNzululwazi yeWayini, okanye ke mhlawumbi babe baphumlela izifundo ezikwinqanaba elilinganayo neli.
Amaphethana okufaka izicelo ayafumaneka kwiwebsite ye-Elsenburg.
ngumhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yeKhala (kubafundi abatsha).
Ezi zifundo zithabatha iminyaka emithathu bekufuneka ziqale ngo-2004 ngokuthi ziqale zivunywe liBhunga Lemfundo Ephakamileyo futhi ziya kuthabatha indawo yeSiqinisekiso Senqanaba Eliphezulu Kwezolimo esasisa kubakho kweli candelo. Zijoliswe kumntu oceba ukulandela izifundo kwishishini elinento yokwenza nezolimo . Umfundi apha uxhotyiswa ngezakhono zokuvelisa, ezobugcisa nezolawulo ezidingekayo kumashishini anento yokwenza nezolimo.
Esi sidanga siya kuquka izifundo ezingundoqo nezisisinyanzelo, ezo umfundi anokuzikhetha nezo athanda kuye ukuba azenze ekufuneka ziqoshelisiwe.
Esi sidanga siza kwakhiwa ngendlela apho abafundi bangazokufunda ezolimo ezincwadini nje kuphela, koko baza kufumana nethuba lokusebenzisa izandla zabo belima, bemfaxanga futhi besenza yonke nje into eyenziwayo kweli shishini.
Amaphetshana okufaka izicelo ayafumaneka kwiwebsite ye-Elsenburg.
Usuku lokuvalwa kwezi zicelo ngumhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yeThupha.
le Nkqubo yeSidanga senqanaba leeMasters ithabatha iminyaka emithathu ijoliswe kwabo bantu babesakuhleleka nabafuna ukulandela izifundo ze basebenza kwicandelo Lezolimo.
Yintoni iNkqubo Yabafundi Abasebatsha?
Ngubani oyakuqwalaselelwa ukungena kule nkqubo?
Yintoni iNkqubo Yabafundi Abasebatsha?
kube befumene amava alulutho ngophando.
kube bafumeme iSidanga seeMasters kwezolimo.
kube baxhotyiselwe ukulandela izifundo ezilulutho ebomini babo kwezolimo.
kube benze igalelo kumthombo wolwazi kwezolimo.
Icandelo leNzululwazi Yezolimo kwiDyunivesithi yaseStellenbosch.
Abathabathi-nxaxheba baya kubandakanyeka kwinkqubo ekumila kuthile nethabatha iminyaka emithathu, eqala kwisiqingatha sesibini senyanga yoMqungu.
Le nkqubo ingamabakala amabini. Elokuqala liquka uqeqesho olwenzelwa kwindawo yokusebenzela.
Ibakala lesibini liquka iphulo apho umfundi ngamnye azenzela uphando oluzimeleyo ngokwakhe. Njengoko ke ibakala lesibini lisenzeka ngentsebenziswano neSebe elifanelekileyo lenye yeedyunivesithi zeli phondo, abagqatswa abaziphumelelayo zonke iimvavanyo baya kuthweswa iSidanga seMasters bakugqiba.
Ngubani Oya Kuqwalaselelwa Ukwamkelwa Kule Nkqubo?
uyakwazi ukuyigqiba le nkqubo.
Nangona ingeyiyo enye yeemfuno, amalinge awodwa okubandakanya amanina kule nkqubo ayenziwa.
Izicelo kufuneka ukuba zibe sele zifunyenwe ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeDwarha.
Abathabathi-nxaxheba kule nkqubo baya kufumana imivuzo encumisayo ngale minyaka mithathu bayichitha bezibandakanye nayo. Inkxaso-mali yokufunda ehlawula iindleko zokufunda kuloo dyunivesithi umfundi othile akuyo kweli phondo iyakufumaneka.
Le nkqubo ikwanikezela ngamaziko nezixhobo zophando kwakunye nenkxaso-mali elingene nefanele olo phando. Umgqatswa ngamnye unoxanduva lokumelana neendleko zendawo yokuhlala nokuphila kwakhe.
Emva kokuqukunjelwa kweli xesha loqeqesho, abathabathi-nxaxheba baya kuba phantsi kwembophelelo yesibhambathiso sokuqeshwa ubuncinci ixesha elilingana nelo bazibandakanye ngalo nale nkqubo ukuba kuthi kuvele isithuba somsebenzi kwicandelo loqeqesho umntu athe walufumana apho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6735.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iingcali kwezezitiya nemiyezo nokukhuliswa kwezityalo ngezichumisi emanzini okanye entlabathini nakuhlalutye izazinzulu kwezokutya/iingcali zobugcisa uphendlo lwezifo zezityalo izazinzulu kwinkalo yonyango lwezilwanyana.
izifundo bengaphakathi kwizikolo zamabanga aphakamileyo.
Uqeqesho kwezolimo nakwamanye amacandelo ezifundo asondeleyo, ngokwezifundo ezimfutshane neenkqubo zokufundela kwindawo yempangelo, ziyanikezelwa kwiKholeji Yezolimo iElsenburg.
Ezi zifundo zijoliswe ikakhulu kumafama amatsha, asakhulayo, nawayesakuhleleleka, kwakunye nabasebenzi basezifama.
Abantu abazimasa izifundoezipheleleyo bafumana iSiqinisekiso Sokuzimasa.
Abantu abafuna ukuvavanywa (ngokweemviwo) kufuneka batsho xa kuqinisekiswa ukungena kwizifundo ezi. Ukuba kuthe kwafunyaniswa ukuba umfundi othile ubonakalisa ulwazi nesakhono esingummangaliso kwezi mviwo, umfundi lowo uya kuthi athiwe jize ngeSiqinisekiso Sokugqiba ezi zifundo endaweni yeSiqinisekiso Sokuzimasa.
Izifundo ziya kunikezelwa kuphela ukuba inani elifunekayo labafundi lithe lafaka izicelo zokuzimasa, ngokwesiqhelo ke eli nani lidla ngokuba sisibhozo sabafundi ubuncinci ze ubuninzi ibe ngamashumi amabini anesihlanu abafundi abafunekayo.
Zonke izifundo zisenakho ukunikezelwa kude neKholeji Yezolimo yase-Elsenburg, kodwa ke zibe kanti zonke izixhobo namaziko okuqeqesha akho kuloo ndawo intsha.
Amatyeli oqeqesho olulandela olokuqala nawongezelelweyo kwiifama nakwiziza angenzelwa amalungiselelo ngokuthi kuhlawulwe isixa esithile.
Abafundi abazimasa ezi zifundo kufuneka babe neencwadana zabo zezazisi.
Izifundo zase-Elsenburg zibiza amashumi asibhozo anesihlanu eerandi kumntu ngamnye ngosuku, kuquka nesidlo sasemini. Indawo yokuhlala e-Elsenberg (ukuba ikho) ibiza amanye amashumi amathathu anesihlanu eerandi ngosuku kumntu ngamnye futhi oko kuquka isidlo sakusasa nesangokuhlwa. Izifundo ezifumaneka nakwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni (ezo zingabanjelwa e-Elsenberg) zibiza amashumi amahlanu eerandi ngosuku kumntu ngamnye.
Ezi zifundo zenzelwe umntu oqeshwe kwishishini lezolimo nonomdla ekwandiseni izifudo zakhe kwisifundo aza kuthi abe yingcali kuso. Le yinkqubo yokufunda ukuloo ndawo ukuyo enikezelwa kwinkqubo yokwenza uphando lwezolimo ngentsebenziswano nomncedisi nomcebisi kwishishini lezolimo.
Inkqubo yeDiploma ibandakanya izifundo ezingundoqo nekufuneka zikho kuyo neso umntu aza kuzikhethela sona ze asijonge njengeso aza kuba yingcali yaso.
Ubuncinci eyona nto ifunwayo kumfundi ukuze abe nokwamkelwa kwezi zifundo siSiqinisekiso Sezifundo Zolimo kwiNqanaba Eliphezulu okanye ke ezilingana nazo.
Iintlawulo zokufunda kwinqanaba ngalinye: ngamakhulu alithoba namashumi amahlanu eerandi.
Le nkqubo yokwenza izifundo zobungcali kwezolimo ijoliswe kubenzi bewayini kwakunye nabo banomdla ekungeneni kwizifundo nemisebenzi esondeleyo kwishishini lewayini.
Le nkqubo yezifundo inikezelwa kwindawo Yokuqeqeshela ukwenza iwayini yase-Elsenburg, apho abafundi bafumana khona izifundo ngeencwadi kwanoqeqesho apho abafundi bangena kanye ekwenzeni iwayini ngezandla zabo kwanezinye izakhono zokulawula amashishini enza iwayini.
Abafaki-zicelo kukwafuneka ukuba babe bagqiba ngempumelelo inkqubo yeSiqinisekiso Esikwinqanaba Eliphezulu Kwezolimo, babe babekhethe iViticulture neNzululwazi yeWayini, okanye ke mhlawumbi babe baphumlela izifundo ezikwinqanaba elilinganayo neli.
ngumhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yeKhala (kubafundi abatsha).
Ezi zifundo zithabatha iminyaka emithathu bekufuneka ziqale ngo-2004 ngokuthi ziqale zivunywe liBhunga Lemfundo Ephakamileyo futhi ziya kuthabatha indawo yeSiqinisekiso Senqanaba Eliphezulu Kwezolimo esasisa kubakho kweli candelo. Zijoliswe kumntu oceba ukulandela izifundo kwishishini elinento yokwenza nezolimo . Umfundi apha uxhotyiswa ngezakhono zokuvelisa, ezobugcisa nezolawulo ezidingekayo kumashishini anento yokwenza nezolimo.
Esi sidanga siya kuquka izifundo ezingundoqo nezisisinyanzelo, ezo umfundi anokuzikhetha nezo athanda kuye ukuba azenze ekufuneka ziqoshelisiwe.
Esi sidanga siza kwakhiwa ngendlela apho abafundi bangazokufunda ezolimo ezincwadini nje kuphela, koko baza kufumana nethuba lokusebenzisa izandla zabo belima, bemfaxanga futhi besenza yonke nje into eyenziwayo kweli shishini.
Usuku lokuvalwa kwezi zicelo ngumhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yeThupha.
le Nkqubo yeSidanga senqanaba leeMasters ithabatha iminyaka emithathu ijoliswe kwabo bantu babesakuhleleka nabafuna ukulandela izifundo ze basebenza kwicandelo Lezolimo.
Yintoni iNkqubo Yabafundi Abasebatsha?
Ngubani oyakuqwalaselelwa ukungena kule nkqubo?
Yintoni iNkqubo Yabafundi Abasebatsha?
kube befumene amava alulutho ngophando.
kube baxhotyiselwe ukulandela izifundo ezilulutho ebomini babo kwezolimo.
kube benze igalelo kumthombo wolwazi kwezolimo.
Abathabathi-nxaxheba baya kubandakanyeka kwinkqubo ekumila kuthile nethabatha iminyaka emithathu, eqala kwisiqingatha sesibini senyanga yoMqungu.
Le nkqubo ingamabakala amabini. Elokuqala liquka uqeqesho olwenzelwa kwindawo yokusebenzela.
Ibakala lesibini liquka iphulo apho umfundi ngamnye azenzela uphando oluzimeleyo ngokwakhe. Njengoko ke ibakala lesibini lisenzeka ngentsebenziswano neSebe elifanelekileyo lenye yeedyunivesithi zeli phondo, abagqatswa abaziphumelelayo zonke iimvavanyo baya kuthweswa iSidanga seMasters bakugqiba.
Ngubani Oya Kuqwalaselelwa Ukwamkelwa Kule Nkqubo?
uyingxenye yabantu ababesakuhleleleka unomdla ekulandeleni izifundo kwezolimo ungummi woMzantsi Afrika unesidanga senqanaba lee-honours esifanelekileyo, okanye ke ube uyasigqibezela uyakwazi ukuyigqiba le nkqubo.
Nangona ingeyiyo enye yeemfuno, amalinge awodwa okubandakanya amanina kule nkqubo ayenziwa.
Izicelo kufuneka ukuba zibe sele zifunyenwe ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeDwarha.
Abathabathi-nxaxheba kule nkqubo baya kufumana imivuzo encumisayo ngale minyaka mithathu bayichitha bezibandakanye nayo. Inkxaso-mali yokufunda ehlawula iindleko zokufunda kuloo dyunivesithi umfundi othile akuyo kweli phondo iyakufumaneka.
Le nkqubo ikwanikezela ngamaziko nezixhobo zophando kwakunye nenkxaso-mali elingene nefanele olo phando. Umgqatswa ngamnye unoxanduva lokumelana neendleko zendawo yokuhlala nokuphila kwakhe.
Emva kokuqukunjelwa kweli xesha loqeqesho, abathabathi-nxaxheba baya kuba phantsi kwembophelelo yesibhambathiso sokuqeshwa ubuncinci ixesha elilingana nelo bazibandakanye ngalo nale nkqubo ukuba kuthi kuvele isithuba somsebenzi kwicandelo loqeqesho umntu athe walufumana apho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6753.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
uMbutho Weziswe soMzantsi Afrika Ojongene Nokhuseleko Lwezityalo unoxanduva lokujongana nempilo kwanomgangatho wezityalo ezikhuliswa apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye ezithunyelwe ngamanye eMzantsi Afrika.
Amaphepha okufaka izicelo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.6753.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
uMbutho Weziswe soMzantsi Afrika Ojongene Nokhuseleko Lwezityalo unoxanduva lokujongana nempilo kwanomgangatho wezityalo ezikhuliswa apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye ezithunyelwe ngamanye eMzantsi Afrika.
Amaphepha okufaka izicelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.67819.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu shicilelo luquka ulwazi ngeempawu, unobangela nonyango lwesifo sombefu. Lukwanikezela nangolwazi ngedlela esi sifo esigqugqisa ngayo apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Yintoni Isifo Sombefu?
Ziintoni Iimpawu Zesifo Sombefu?
Isifo Sombefu Esi Singabuchaphazela Njani Ubomi Bam/Umgangatho Wobomi Bam?
Yontoni Ebangela Ukuhlaselwa Okokuqala Sisifo Sombefu?
Singanyangeka Njani Isifo Sombefu?
Ndingalufumana Phi Olunye Ulwazi Ngesifo Sombefu?
Isifo sombefu esi sesinye sezona zifo zixhaphakileyo zemiphunga kusokoliswana nazo ehlabathini namhlanje.
Esi sifo sichaphazela malunga nomntwana omnye kwabalishumi (10%) ze abe mnye umntu omkhulu kwabangamashumi amabini (5%).
Singakuhlasela okokuqala nokuba ubudala bungakanani na, nditsho nasebudaleni.
Nangona nje isifo sombefu sisoloko sivela phambi kokuba umntu abe nesihlanu seminyaka ubudala, abambalwa abantwana abathi bachaphazeleke baya kuthi "basoyise" kwiminyaka yabo yokukhula kodwa ke sidla ngokuxhathisa xa sithe samosulela umntu ebudaleni.
Isifo sombefu sidla ngokuhlasela iintsapho njengoko zisenza ezinye izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane womungu nesifo sesikhumba esirhawuzelayo.
Asikanyangeki okwangoku esi sifo kodwa ke ukuba siyahoyakala abo bachaphazelekayo banganakho ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, besonwabela kwanokuzibandakanya kwezemidlalo nakuzo zonke ezinye iintshukumo ngokupheleleyo.
Ukukhohlela, ukukhohlela kabuhlungu, ukuminxana kwesifuba, ukungakwazi kuphefumla. Ezi mpawu ziwahlasela kakhulu nakabuhlungu amaxhoba ngexesha langokuhlwa nasemva kweentshukumo ezifana nokuzilolonga okanye ukudlala.
Iimpawu zangokuhlwa zesi sifo ziyaphazamisana nokulala. Ukuzilolonga kuphela kungagqibeki.
Kukho iintsuku zokuphangela nezesikolo apho umntu angazukukwazi ukuzimasa (ukuba nelungu losapho okanye umntwana ophila nesi sifo kukhokelela nasekubeni omnye umntu angaphangeli okanye angayi esikolweni ngenxa yokuba kufuneka enonophele elo xhoba).
Ukuhlaselwa sesi sifo kabuhlungu kwakunye neempwu zaso ziyingxaki, zinganobungozi futhi zingatya kakhulu engxoweni.
Obona bungozi besi sifo kukuba ngamanye amaxesha asibonakali ukuba sikho ze sibe nokunyangwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ixhoba laso lihlaselwe ziintlungu ebezingeyomfuneko.
Oyena nobangela wale nkqubo yesi sifo sombefu akakaqondakali kakuhle kodwa ke kusacingeleka ukuba umbefu lo ngumvuka wokungalungelani neentlobo ezithile zamavumba apho ithi imiphunga ixakane nento ethile esemoyeni.
Umkhuhlane obangelwa yintsholongwane ethile ungazenza zibe nobuzaza kakhulu okwexeshana iimpawu zesi sifo yaye oku kungathabatha ithuba elifikelela kwiiveki ezintandathu emva koku kugula.
Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kubangelwa amaxesha amaninzi kukungalungelani neentlobo ezithile zamavumba aza namangolwane othuli lwendlu, aza nengca kwakunye nalawo aza nomungu wemithi, imingxunya ebangelwa kukubola kwakunye noboya obuphuma kwizilwanyana ezinoboya ezifana neekati nezinja. Iintlobo ezithile zokutya kwakunye nezongezelelo (ngamaxesha ambalwa) nazo zikwabangela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu xa zityiwe.
Ukungcola kwwendalo, ingakumbi umsi womdiza, umsi omdaka ophuma kumbhobho weenqwelo-mafutha kwakunye neminya imimoya ephuma ekhutshelwa ngaphandle ngamachiza zingangunobangela wokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu. Nabantwana bangahlaseleka ukuba bathi basezele kwimiphunga yabo imisi yemidiza etshaywa ngabazali babo.
Imidlalo nokuzilolonga, ingakumbi ngeentsuku ezibandayo, kungakhokelela ekubeni umntu ahlaselwe sisifo sombefu. Kodwa ke ukuba sithi sinyangwe ngendlela eyiyo, esi sifo singalawuleka kakuhle futhi amaxhoba kunganganynzeleki ukuba ayeke ukudlala okanye ukuzilolonga.
Enyanisweni ke ishumi ekhulwini leembaleki ziphila nesifo sombefu.
Iimo zomzimba ezifana nokugcoba, umsindo, uloyiko nokuhleka zonke zingawongeza amathuba okuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu.
Amayeza amaninzi asetyenziswa kakhulu afana ne-aspirin kwakunye iipilisi ezithintela ukosuleleka zongangunobangela wesi sifo.
kuba kaloku angangunobangela wokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kubantu asebekhulile.
sele zikhankanyiwe ekuhlaselweni kwabantu sesi sifo.
imililo, intlaka ye-epoxy kwakunye ne-acid ye-acrylic kwakunye nee-acrylates.
Isifo sombefu asisokuze sinyangeke ngokupheleleyo akujkhathaliseki nokuba ubani uthini na, kodwa ke xa sinokuthi sinyangwe ngendlela eyiyo, amaxhoba esi sifo angaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobugqibeleleyo kwakhona.
nemibhobho yokuphefumla isebenze ngendlela eqhelekileyo ukuze zinciphe iimpawu ze kunciphe kangangoko ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuphila.
Thetha nogqirha okanye somachiza wakho. Okanye ke kungenjalo, tyelela iwebsite ye-Allergy Society of South Africa (iALLSA ngamafuphi) okanye ke iwebsite yeNational Asthma Education Programme (iNAEP ngamafuphi).
Kukho ubungqina obungathandabuzekiyo bokwenyuka kwenani labantu abanesi sifo kuzo zonke iintlanga zaseMzantsi Afrika. Kumashumi amabini anesihlanu eminyaka adlulileyo lenyuke ukusuka kumashumi amabini anesihlanu ukuya kutsho kumakhulu amabini inani labantu abamkelwe kwizibhedlele zaseThekwini naseSoweto ngenxa yokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu.
Kumashumi-shumi eminyaka, kwafunyaniswa ukuba izifo ezingumvuka wokungalungelani namavumba nezidlo ezithile aziwahlaseli kakhulu ama-Afrika. Ngokulandelisa ezangaphambili, izifundo zophando zamva-nje zidize ukuba iintsapho zamaAfrika azinambali ingako yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo yaye ngoko ke ambalwa amathuba okuba amaAfrika la ahlaselwe sesi sifo. Kodwa ke, amanye amaAfrika amaninzi anembali yokungalungelani neentlobo ezithile zamavumba nezokutya athi ahlaselwe zizifo ezikumila kunje xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iibntlanga. Ukufikelela kwasebutsheni kwiintlobo ezithile zamavumba nezidlo ezisuka kwindlela yaseNtshona yokuphila ibe negalelo kwindlela ebanzi efunyaniswe kwiintsana zama-Afrika kunezezinye izizwe. Ezi mpawu zingumvuka wokwanda kwenani labantwana abanesifo sombefu.
Izifundo zophando ezenziwe kubemi beengingqi ezisemaphandleni zaPhesheya kweNciba zifumanise ukuba ukufudukela kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nezisondele ezidolophini kukhokelela ekuphinda-phindaneni kwamathuba okukhula kweempawu zesifo sombefu ngamashumi amabini, kodwa ke esi sifo sikwakhula nakwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni.
EKapa, eThekwini naPhesheya kweNciba, ingca, amaphela kwakunye nokungalungelani neekati okanye ivumba leekati zizinto ekufunyaniswe ukuba zezona zibalulekileyo ezibangela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu, ngokulandelelana kwazo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.67928.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6806.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Enye yeenjongo zale nkqubo kukuncedisa iinkampani zaseMzantsi Afrika ukuba zibhengeze iimveliso zazo zezotyelelo kumazwe angaphandle ngokuthi zivelise iincwadana ezineenkcukacha, amaphetshana angotyelelo kweli lizwe, ukuya kubonisa ngeemveliso zazo ngeendlela ezininzi zokubhengeza, ulwazi olufakwe kwikhompyutha okanye nazo naziphi na izixhobo zokubhengeza ezotyelelo kumazwe angaphandle.
Imbuyekezo inikezelwa ngokuyilwa, ukuhlanganiswa, ukuveliswa, ukukhutshwa, ukuphinda kukhutshwe kwanokusasazwa kwezixhobo zokubhengeza ezo mveliso kumazwe angaphandle.
Uncedo luya kunikezelwa kuphela ngezixhobo ezanzelwe ukuthengisa nokubhengeza iimveliso zotyelelo kumazwe angaphandle.
Amashishini anomdla kufuneka afake izicelo kwiSebe leMicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo Nokhenketho ukuze bazibhalise njengamaqela athatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo. Izicelo zobhaliso ziya kuvavanywa ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ziyavumelana nomgaqo omisiweyo, emva koko, aya kwaziswa ukuba izicelo zabo zamkelwe na okanye zokhatyiwe.
Luxanduva lwakho ukufumana ukwamkelwa ngaphambi kokuzifaka kwiindleko ezinento yokwenza nale nkqubo. Amaphtshana ezicelo agcwalisiweyo kufuneka athunyelwe kule dilesi ingentla apha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6812.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
INkqubo yoNcedo loRhwebo loKhenketho lweZizwe ngeZizwe (ITMAS) inikezela ngenxalenye yembuyekezo yamashishini kumaxabiso athile enzeke kwimisebenzi ejolise ekunyuseni umgangatho wezokhenketho eMzantsi Afrika.
Enye yeenjongo zale nkqubo kukukhuthaza kunye nokuncedisa iinkampani zoMzantsi Afrika ekwaziseni imveliso yazo kumazwe angaphandle ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso eyaziwayo yezizwe ngezizwe phesheya kolwandle neyaziwa ifanelekile ekunyuseni umgangatho worhwebo lokhenketho eMzantsi Afrika. Le nkqubo ikwancedisa iinkampani ezisakhulayo ukuba zithathe inxaxheba kwi- Durban Indaba.
WTM - London.
Kweminye imiboniso, abenzi bezicelo kufuneka bagqithise iinkcukacha zomboniso abanqwenela ukuwuzimasa.
Xa ufuna ulwazi olunxulumene nale nkqubo, indlela emisiweyo yokuthatha inxaxheba, jonga kwi-Guidelines in Respect of the International Tourism Marketing Assistance Scheme.
Amashishini anomdla kufuneka afake izicelo kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noKhenketho ukuze abhalise kule nkqubo. Izicelo zobhaliso ziya kuvavanywa ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ziyavumelana nomgaqo omisiweyo, emva koko, amashishini lawo aya kwaziswa ukuba izicelo zawo zamkelwe na okanye azamkelwanga. Ifomu yesicelo sobhaliso ingafumaneka kwesi sikhundla soqhagamshelwano ngekhompyutha - Application for Registration to Participate in the International Tourism Marketing Assistance Scheme (ITMAS) - okanye uyicele kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noKhenketho nakwiSebe leMicimbi yoPhuhliso loQoqosho noKhenketho eNtshona Koloni.
Xa sele ushishino lwakho lwamkelwe kule nkqubo, kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu kwesi sikhundla soqhagamshelwano ngekhompyutha - Application for Financial Assistance for the Production and Distribution of International Tourism Marketing Materials ukuze ugqithise ibango loncediso kwinkxaso-mali.
Luxanduva lwakho ukufumana ulwamkelo ngaphambi kokuzifaka kwiindleko enxulumene nale nkqubo. Ifomu egcwalisiweyo kufuneka ithunyelwe kule dilesi ichazwe ngentla.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6812.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
INkqubo yoNcedo loRhwebo loKhenketho lweZizwe ngeZizwe (ITMAS) inikezela ngenxalenye yembuyekezo yamashishini kumaxabiso athile enzeke kwimisebenzi ejolise ekunyuseni umgangatho wezokhenketho eMzantsi Afrika.
Enye yeenjongo zale nkqubo kukukhuthaza kunye nokuncedisa iinkampani zoMzantsi Afrika ekwaziseni imveliso yazo kumazwe angaphandle ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso eyaziwayo yezizwe ngezizwe phesheya kolwandle neyaziwa ifanelekile ekunyuseni umgangatho worhwebo lokhenketho eMzantsi Afrika. Le nkqubo ikwancedisa iinkampani ezisakhulayo ukuba zithathe inxaxheba kwi- Durban Indaba.
Kweminye imiboniso, abenzi bezicelo kufuneka bagqithise iinkcukacha zomboniso abanqwenela ukuwuzimasa.
Luxanduva lwakho ukufumana ulwamkelo ngaphambi kokuzifaka kwiindleko enxulumene nale nkqubo. Ifomu egcwalisiweyo kufuneka ithunyelwe kule dilesi ichazwe ngentla.
<fn>GOV-ZA.68135.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Candelo loMphathiswa linoxanduva lokujongana nendalo engqongileyo eNtshona Koloni yaye kufuneka liqinisekise ukuthotyelwa nokusebenza komgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe nowephondo kuphuhliso locwangciso ngokwemisebenzi yeSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo Engqongileyo noCwangciso loPhuhliso.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6817.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kufuneka ube iphepha-mvume lokufunda ukuqhuba. Ulifumana eli phepha-mvume xa ufundela ukuqhuba isithuthuthu esibukhulu bungaphezulu kwe-125 CCs, inqwelo-mafutha, iminibus, isithuthi esincinci esithutha iimpahla, okanye isithuthi esikhulu xa ungaphezulu kwe-17 leminyaka ubudala. Ungalifumana iphepha-mvume lokufundela ukuqhuba izithuthu ezibukhulu bungange-50 CC ukuya...
Bonke abaqhubi boMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba izithuthi akhangeleka njengecredit card. Eli phepha-mvume linikezelwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umqhubi ephumelele izifundo zokuqhuba.
Umthetho umisela ukuba kufuneka imana ukuhlaziywa qho ngonyaka iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi sakho. Ngumsebenzi wakho wena njengomnini-sithuthi, kukuqinisekisa ukuba liyahlaziywa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe. Ukuba ngaba alihlaziywanga kuya kufuneka wohlwayiwe.
Isiqinisekiso sokulungela indlela kwesithuthi singafumaneka kuso nasiphi na isikhululo sokuvavanywa kwezithuthi sabucala okanye saseburhulumenteni.
Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuvula iziko eliza kujongana nokuhlola abantu abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, kufuneka ubhalise kuMphathiswa weZothutho.
Bonke abantu abafundisa ukuqhuba kufuneka babhalise. Ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokufundisa ukuqhuba, kufuneka kuthi kwakuphandwa kufunyaniswe ukuba awuzange wabandakanyeka kulwaphulo-mthetho, ufumane nencwadi kagqirha ngobume bempilo yakho, ze uluphumelele novavanyo lomntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezimalunga nobhaliso lwezithuthi kufuneka udibane neziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi. Iingcombolo zesithuthi azinakukhutshwa kodwa zonke ezinye iinkcuckacha zingaqinisekiswa.
Zonke izikhululo zokuhlola izithuthi kufuneka zibhaliswe zibekwe ngokomgangatho ngaphambi kokuba zifumane iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo zokuba zikulungele ukuba sendleleni.
Ukuqhuba iindidi ezithile zezithuthi kufuneka umntu abe nephepha-mvume elisemthethweni Lokuqhuba Ngobuchule ngaphezu kwaleyo anayo yokuqhuba.
Ukuba ngaba inombolo yenjini yakho okanye yomzimba wesithuthi itshintshiwe, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso esinika ubungqina bokuba akukho khwiniba ngaphambi kokuba usibhalise isithuthi sakho.
Ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise isithuthi ebesikhe safakelwa izinto, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso se-Weighbridge.
Uluntu lungazifaka izicelo zokwenza imibniso-bhanyabhanya ezindleleni zikawonkewonke. Ukuvunywa kwesicelo kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye kwephondo na. Ungadibana neKomishini iCape Film okanye ii-ofisi zeZibonelelo zeNdlela zePhondo ukuze kubonwe ukuba ngaba indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye phantsi kwephondo kusini na.
Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Abanini-zimoto bangafaka isicelo xa befuna amaphepha-mvume eenombolo-mbhalo abazithandayo.
Kufumeneka iphepha-mvume lesithuthi esithwala imithwalo enobungozi nezinye izithuthi. Imfuneko yamaphepha-mvume ixhomekeke kubukhulu nakubunjani bomthwalo lowo okanye isithuthi eso.
Abahloli beelayisenisi, abavavanyi bezithuthi, abahloli bamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, amagosa endlela nabaphathi kufuneka babhaliswe.
Abavelisi/abayili, abakhi nabo bazisa izithuthi kweli lizwe bangaziqhuba iimoto ezingabhaliswanga beziqhuba ngenombolo yokuthengisa izithuthi. Oku kuvumeleke kuphela...
Sonke isithuthi ezenziwe apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye eso senziwe kwelinye ilzwe ze sathunyelwa kweli kufuneka sibhaliswe ngaphambi kokuba sithunyelwe kwindawo yentengiso okanye sithengiswe.
Uluntu lungafaka izicelo zokusebenzisa indlela zikawonkewonke ekwenzeni imicimbi yalo ofana nemidlalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.68196.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amaqumrhu karhulumente wesizwe, owephondo nowekhaya axhasa uthotho lwamashishini abucala ngokuthi awanike izibhambathiso zento yonke, ukususela kwiincwadi ukuya ekwakhiweni kwemigaqo. Ukuze ube nokuphumelela ithenda karhulumente, kuyakufuneka ungenise isicelo sethenda ebibhengeziwe.
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi ngeethenda zikarhulumente wesizwe, zitsalele Amaxwebhu Eethenda aphuma ngeveki. La maxwebhu ke aqulethe iinkcukacha zazo zonke iithenda kuquka nosuku lokuvalwa, umntu omawuqhagamshelane naye xa unemibuzo nokuba ungazifaka phi na izicelo.
Iithenda zikarhulumente wephondo leNtshona Kapa zifumaneka kwicandelo leethenda lale website, ehlaziywa rhoqo ngeveki. Ungakhangela kuwo onke amangenelo mhlawumbi ngokwebakala (umzekelo: ezonyango okanye izixhobo zeekhompyutha) okanye nangaliphi na igama eliphambili olikhethayo.
Nabani na angazifaka izicelo zeethenda zikarhulumente - kodwa ke ukuze ube nokutyikitya ithenda kaRhulumente Wephondo leNtshona Kapa kufuneka ube kanti ubhalisile kwisikhundla samashishini eNtsahona Kapa. Kubhaliswa simahla yaye urhulumente weli phondo kwakunye nesixeko saseKapa basebenzisa isikhundla esinye sokubhalisa ngoko ke kuyakufuneka ubhalise kube kanye kuphela.
Zitsalele ke eli phetshana lokubhalisa njengeshishini apha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.6823.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
UMaspala waseKapa waseka iNkonzo yeZothutho loLuntu elungiselelwe izithulu. Oku kujika abantu ananengxaki yokungeva kakuhle ngeendlebe ukuba bafumane iinkcukacha malunga nezothutho, umzekelo: amaxesha okuhamba kweebhasi, iindlela ezihamba ngazo kwakunye nezikhululo eziya kuzo, oko bekufumana ngokutsalela kwiminxeba yakwaTelkom kusetyenziswa isixhobo esincedisa ukumamela ekuthiwa yiTeldem.
This brochure provides information on the special needs public transport service, Dial-a-Ride.
Inkonzo yothutho yeDial-a-Ride ilunguselelwe abantu abangenakho ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zothutho ngenxa yeemfuno zabo ezizodwa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6852.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.6862.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.68650.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iRED Door linyathelo lecandelo elilawula amashishini asakhasayo, asakhulayo nakhulileyo elikwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho. Eli candelo ke lijolise ekuphuculeni ekuphakamiseni uphuhliso lwamashishini asakhasayo kunye/okanye amashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama. Yintoni le RED Door, Ingakunceda njani le RED Door?
These are some of the many public and private sector organisations that provide support for small businesses.
Ngo-2001/2002 abafundi abangama-3000 abavela kwizikolo ezingama-64 baye baziswa ngoqeqesho loshishino.
Ukuba ungumnini weshishini elisakhasayo odinga inkxaso nokuncediswa, amaziko Anikezela Ngeengceibiso eRED Door akwiNtshona Kapa iphela anganakho ukukunika iingcebiso, akuncede uze nomkhomba-ndlela ze akuthumele nakweminye imibutho enikezela ngeengcebiso zoshishino.
Le ncwadana inikezela ngeenkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngeNkqubo Yeengcebiso yeThuso ndawonye nemigaqo nemiqathango yokuthabatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.68650.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iRED Door linyathelo lecandelo elilawula amashishini asakhasayo, asakhulayo nakhulileyo elikwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho. Eli candelo ke lijolise ekuphuculeni ekuphakamiseni uphuhliso lwamashishini asakhasayo kunye/okanye amashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama. Yintoni le RED Door, Ingakunceda njani le RED Door Isixhobo Soncedo Neengcebiso Kumashishini Amancinci..?
Ngo-2001/2002 abafundi abangama-3000 abavela kwizikolo ezingama-64 baye baziswa ngoqeqesho loshishino.
Le ncwadana inikezela ngeenkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngeNkqubo Yeengcebiso yeThuso ndawonye nemigaqo nemiqathango yokuthabatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.68661.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The Small Enterprise Development Agency (seda) is the Department of Trade and Industry's agency for supporting small business in South Africa. It contains information on starting and running your own business, including finance, management, tendering, BEE and more. There is also a collection of useful factsheets to download.
Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwababoneleli Kumashishini Amnyama yeSebe Leentengiso Norhwebo yinkqubo engu-80:20 yokwabelana ngeendleko kumashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama, ngenkxaso-mali efikelela kwi-R100,000. Le nkqubo ke ikwabonelela nangeenkonzo zophuhliso lwamashishini ngenjongo yokunceda iinkampani ziphucule izakhono zazo ze zisebenze ngcono.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.68661.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
La ke ngawona masebeaseburhulumenteni, amaqumrhu aseburhulumenteni kwanamabutho entsebenziswano phakathi kukarhulumente namashishini abucala anceda amashishini asakhulayo ukuba afikelele kwinkxaso-mali...
Ukuba unoluvo olukhulu lweshishini, ungaluphuhlisa lube lishishini lokwenyani ngokuthi ungenele ukhuphiswano lwamashishini oluxhaswa liSebe loPhuhliso loQoqosho noKhenketho: Ukhuphiswano lweZicwangciso zamaShishini, Ukhuphiswano lweBusiness Beat lwe-R100...
Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwababoneleli Kumashishini Amnyama yeSebe Leentengiso Norhwebo yinkqubo engu-80:20 yokwabelana ngeendleko kumashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama, ngenkxaso-mali efikelela kwi-R100,000. Le nkqubo ke ikwabonelela nangeenkonzo zophuhliso lwamashishini ngenjongo yokunceda iinkampani ziphucule izakhono zazo ze zisebenze ngcono. Ukuze ibe nokufikelela, inkampani kufuneka -mpany must: Ibe kanti inezabelo...
<fn>GOV-ZA.68747.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zeenkonzo zenkxaso ezikhoyo ukunceda amashishini avelayo.
Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwababoneleli Kumashishini Amnyama yeSebe Leentengiso Norhwebo yinkqubo engu-80:20 yokwabelana ngeendleko kumashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama, ngenkxaso-mali efikelela kwi-R100,000. Le nkqubo ke ikwabonelela nangeenkonzo zophuhliso lwamashishini ngenjongo yokunceda iinkampani ziphucule izakhono zazo ze zisebenze ngcono. Ukuze ibe nokufikelela, inkampani kufuneka -mpany must: Ibe kanti inezabelo...
Le nkonzo ichaza imisebenzi yeNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso kwanokuba zingafikeleleka njani ezinye iinkonzo zayo. Ifanele ingakumbi umntu osaqala phantsi ishishini, kodwa ke zikwakho neenkonzo ezifanele nezinokuba lulutho kwiinkampani namashishini amakhulu.
Amashishini angathanda ukufunda ngeendlela zokuthengisela iimalike zamazwe angaphandle, okanye aphucule indlela asebenza ngayo, angalufumana ulwazi kwakunye namathuba oqeqesho kwezi ndawo zilandelayo...
Urhulumente unomgaqo-nkqubo wokunikezela ngamathuba eethenda kwiinkampani ezithile. Oko ke kukuthi urhulumente uthathela ingqalelo eminye imiba engeloxabiso xa anikezela ngethenda. Ukuba inkampani ethile ithi iziveze njengenkampani yenkqubo yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama, ngelixa ingekho phantsi kwabalawuli abamnyama, le nkampani inetyala "lokukhohlisa".
<fn>GOV-ZA.6885.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iTETA le inoxanduva lokuqulunqa nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesicwangciso sezakhono seli candelo lezothutho. Ikwatsala neentlawulo zezibonelelo ze iqinisekise nomgangatho weentshukumo zoqeqesho kwimfundo nophuhliso lweli candelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.69201.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uninzi lwabaqhubi luqhuba izithuthi ezineenjini ezingekho mgangathweni, nto leyo ethetha ukuba imali ithi ivuthelelwe ngaphandle ngale mibhobho iphuma umoya omdaka wesithuthi! ISebe Lezimbiwa Namandla licebisa abasebenzisi bamafutha ukuba balandele la macebiso okusetyenziswa kwamafutha nendlela esemgangathweni yokuqhuba ukuze kongiwe ilitha nganye yamafutha esithuthi.
Zivale iifesitile zenqwelo-mafutha xa uqhuba, kuba kaloku ifestile evulekileyo idala umoya obangela ukuba kusebenziseke amafutha ongezelelwe ngamashumi amabini ekhulwini kunesiqhelo. Kumntu ochitha ikhulu leerandi ngeveki kumafutha esithuthi, ukonga amashumi amabini ekhulwini kungathetha ukuba uya konga ama-R20 ngeveki, mali leyo inokuphinda-phindana iye kufikelela kuma-R80 ngenyanga. Leyo ke yimali umntu abenokuyihlawula kwityala lendlu yakhe okanye ibe yimali egcinelwa amaxesha obunzima.
Sebenzisa ioli elungelelana neentlobo ezinininzi zezithuthi kuba yona inciphisa oku kusebenziseka kwamafutha amaninzi.
Lolonga inqwelo-mafutha yakho uqinisekise ukuba isoloko isemgangathweni rhoqo.
Sebenzisa incwadi oza kugcina kuyo onke amaxesha othenge ngawo amafutha enqwelo-mafutha yakho kwakunye nemigama osele uyihambile ukuze ube nokuzibekela amanqaku amatsha oqoqosho ukuze ube nokuwubona nomahluko ekusebenzieni kwezithuthi sakho ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwezixhoobo ezithile zaso.
Ukuba unakho seka amaqela okuthuthana nezihlobo.
Tshintshela kumatayala abizwa ngokuba zii-radial ply kuba kaloku wona axhathisa kancinci xa ejikeleza futhi ahlala ixesha elide kunala kuthiwa zii-cross ply.
Kubaleke ukuqhuba ngamavili aonomoya osezantsi kuba kaloku umoya wamavili ophantsi kakhulu awandisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kwamavili, kodwa ke ukwanciphisa kakhulu ubomi bamatayala lawo.
Zinqande ekuqhubeni umana ukumisa okokoko.
Xa usenyusa isantya, kwenze kancinci oko.
Musa ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu. Okona usenyusa isantya kukokona usebenzisa amafutha amaninzi.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.7004.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
This publication contains crime statistics from 1994/1995 to 2003/2004. It includes a breakdown of crime figures per area and a detailed breakdown of statistics for various types of crime.
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ukuba ulixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungenzakala ngokwasemphefumlweni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, isikhululo samapolisa yayingeyondawo apho amaxhoba, ingakumbi kulwaphulo-mthetho lobundlobongela, anokuziva ekhululekile xa egqithisa ingxelo yawo kumapolisa, okanye indawo abanokuthi bafumane uncedo lonyango ekonzakaleni ngokwasemphufumlweni.
Abantu abasebenzisana namapolisa ngamavolontiya aphuma ekuhlaleni anamagunya noxanduva olufanayo nolwamapolisa xa besemsebenzini. Ukuze ube ngumntu osebenzisana namapolisa kufuneka iimpepha zaseburhulumenteni zibe zithi akuzange wophula mthetho, futhi kufuneka ubuncinci ube waliphumelela ibanga leshumi.
AmaPolisa eSixeko saseKapa (CTCP) yinkonzo yamapolisa kamasipala. Umsebenzi ophambili we-CTCP kukunikezela inkonzo yobupolisa ngokuthi ibonakale rhoqo. Nawo akwabamba abantu ze anikezele nezohlwayo zeendidi zawo amatyala. Oku ingalulwaphulo-mthetho olunzima, amatyala eZithuthi kunye nemithetho kamaspala kwingingqi ngaphakathi kwiSixeko saseKapa.
Ukuba ulingqina yaye woyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho ngezizathu zokuba lingqina, ungazifakela isicelo sokukhuselwa njengengqina. Ungoyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho okanye olwakhe nabani na osenyongweni kuwe. Ungoyika umntu omnye okanye iqela labantu.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.7004.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ukuba ulixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungenzakala ngokwasemphefumlweni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, isikhululo samapolisa yayingeyondawo apho amaxhoba, ingakumbi kulwaphulo-mthetho lobundlobongela, anokuziva ekhululekile xa egqithisa ingxelo yawo kumapolisa, okanye indawo abanokuthi bafumane uncedo lonyango ekonzakaleni ngokwasemphufumlweni.
Abantu abasebenzisana namapolisa ngamavolontiya aphuma ekuhlaleni anamagunya noxanduva olufanayo nolwamapolisa xa besemsebenzini. Ukuze ube ngumntu osebenzisana namapolisa kufuneka iimpepha zaseburhulumenteni zibe zithi akuzange wophula mthetho, futhi kufuneka ubuncinci ube waliphumelela ibanga leshumi.
Ukuba ulingqina yaye woyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho ngezizathu zokuba lingqina, ungazifakela isicelo sokukhuselwa njengengqina. Ungoyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho okanye olwakhe nabani na osenyongweni kuwe. Ungoyika umntu omnye okanye iqela labantu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.7005.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iBambanani Against Crime lijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iiholide zokuphela konyaka zika2004/2005 zikhuselekile ngokuthi landise ukubonakala nokufikeleleka kwamapolisa kwiindawo ezixakekileyo, kuquka iilwandle, oololiwe kwanamaziko aneevenkile.
The function of a Community Safety Forum (CSF) is to coordinate the crime prevention activities of all government and non-government organisations (NGOs) that are involved in crime prevention in an area, which may cover several police station areas.
IForum yamaPolisa yasekuhlaleni (i-CPF) iqulethe imibutho namaziko anjengezikolo, imibutho yabahlawuli-rhafu, imibutho yoluthu, amashishini kunye namaziko enkolo, asebenzisana namapolisa engingqi. Injongo ye-CPF kukudala nokugcina indawo ekhuselekileyo nenokhuselo kubemi abahlala kummandla waloo CPF.
This toolkit explains community policing and Community Police Forums, and gives you all the help you need in setting up and running a Community Police Forum.
Iqela elilwa ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni liqela labahlali basebumelwaneni nabathi bavumelane ekusekeni eli qela emva kokuxoxa lo mba kunye nabantu abahlala kummandla wabo.
Abantu abasebenzela uxolo bahamba-hamba apha ekuhlaleni yaye bayafumaneka ukuncedisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko yengxwaba-ngxwaba engenazigalo. Ezinye iinkonzo ezinikezelwayo ziquka ukuya kwiziganeko ezinkulu, ezifana nemingcwabo, enokuba nobundlobongela. Abantu abasebenzela uxolo banceda iindawo abahlala kuzo ixesha elingangonyaka.
Iinkampani Zokuphuculwa Kwezixeko ezi ziinkampani ezingajonge kwenza ngeniso ezimele abanini-mihlaba (oko kukuthi ke abahlawuli berhafu) kwingingqi yomhlaba kamaspala othile. Le nkampani ke yenza izivumelwano nomaspala kuqokelelwe imali ethe chatha (eyirhafu yale nkampani) kubahlawuli beebkonzo zikamaspala abahlala kuloo ngingqingaphezu kwezo ntlawulo baqhele ukuzihlawula.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.7005.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iBambanani Against Crime lijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iiholide zokuphela konyaka zika2004/2005 zikhuselekile ngokuthi landise ukubonakala nokufikeleleka kwamapolisa kwiindawo ezixakekileyo, kuquka iilwandle, oololiwe kwanamaziko aneevenkile.
Iqela elilwa ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni liqela labahlali basebumelwaneni nabathi bavumelane ekusekeni eli qela emva kokuxoxa lo mba kunye nabantu abahlala kummandla wabo. Injongo yeli qela kukukhuthaza ubudlelwane obufanelekileyo phakathi kwabahlali kwakunye nokusebenza njengo-'gcinikhaya' kulo mmandla, ngamanye amaxesha ngokujikeleza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokuhlala rhoqo belindele okunokwenzeka kwimisebenzi...
Abantu abasebenzela uxolo bahamba-hamba apha ekuhlaleni yaye bayafumaneka ukuncedisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko yengxwaba-ngxwaba engenazigalo. Ezinye iinkonzo ezinikezelwayo ziquka ukuya kwiziganeko ezinkulu, ezifana nemingcwabo, enokuba nobundlobongela. Abantu abasebenzela uxolo banceda iindawo abahlala kuzo ixesha elingangonyaka. Nabani na obudala buyiminyaka ephakathi kwe-18 nama-35, ongaphangeliyo, ofikeleleyo kwibanga...
Iinkampani Zokuphuculwa Kwezixeko ezi ziinkampani ezingajonge kwenza ngeniso ezimele abanini-mihlaba (oko kukuthi ke abahlawuli berhafu) kwingingqi yomhlaba kamaspala othile. Le nkampani ke yenza izivumelwano nomaspala kuqokelelwe imali ethe chatha (eyirhafu yale nkampani) kubahlawuli beebkonzo zikamaspala abahlala kuloo ngingqingaphezu kwezo ntlawulo baqhele ukuzihlawula. Le mali ithiwe...
<fn>GOV-ZA.7009.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The Victim Empowerment Programme aims to lessen the long-term impact of crime by proactively tending to the needs of all victims.
"iKhaya Elikhuselekileyo kuwo Onke Amanina Nabantwana Bethu" - Ukhuseleko lwamanina nolwabantwana bethu ngundoqo kuRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni.
Olu ke luluhlu lweenombolo eziluncedo nezibalulekileyo onokuzigcina ecaleni komnxeba ukwenzela amaxesha kaxakeka. Unakho kanti nokwangeza iinombolo zakho ezibalulekileyo.
Esi sikhokelo singokuqinisekisa ukuba ikhaya nesitiya sakho sikhuselekile kuwe nabantwana bakho saxhaswa ngezimali ngabakwa-HTH, ngentsebenziswano neChild Accident Prevention Foundation of Southern Africa.
Esi sikhokelo sinikezela ngamaqhinga okuthintela iimeko zokuxhwilwa kwezithuthi. Ukwenziwa kwesi sikhokelo kuxhaswe ngezimali ngabakwaNetstar.
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ukuba ulixhoba lobundlobongela basekhaya kwaye umntu okuphatha gadalalangumntu owalamene naye ngokwasekhaya, ungenza isicelo somyalelo wokhuseleko phantsi komthetho obizwa ngokuba yi-Domestic Violence Act. Umyalelo wokhuseleko uneemeko ezithile ezimisa ukuba lo mntu okuphatha gadalala angazenzi. Ukuba lo mntu ukuphatha gadalala uthe akazithobela ezi meko, angabanjwa.
Ukuba uthe wadlwengulwa okanye wenzakaliswa ngokwesondo, ungagqithisa ingxelo malunga noku emapoliseni. Kukuzithandela kwakho ukuba uyigqithise le ngxelo nokuba ungayigqithisi emapoliseni kodwa ukuba awuyinikezeli, ityala lakho alisayi kuphandwa okanye kufakwe simangalo.
Kukho intaphane yamakhaya amakhosikazi abephethwe gadalala eNtshona Koloni abhaliswe neSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa. Amakhosikazi adinga ukhuseleko angaqhagamshelana nekhaya elo ngqo, okanye acele unontlalo-ntle kwi-ofisi yesithili yeli sebe ekufutshane nawo okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa ngoncedo lokuqhagamshelana nendawo yokuhlala.
Victims of Sexual Offences: What You Should Know!
This pamphlet provides practical support and information about reporting the assault to the police, the medical examination by the accredited health care practitioner, the feelings you may have after being sexually assaulted, and where to get help and support.
IForum yamaPolisa yasekuhlaleni (i-CPF) iqulethe imibutho namaziko anjengezikolo, imibutho yabahlawuli-rhafu, imibutho yoluthu, amashishini kunye namaziko enkolo, asebenzisana namapolisa engingqi. Injongo ye-CPF kukudala nokugcina indawo ekhuselekileyo nenokhuselo kubemi abahlala kummandla waloo CPF.
Iqela elilwa ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni liqela labahlali basebumelwaneni nabathi bavumelane ekusekeni eli qela emva kokuxoxa lo mba kunye nabantu abahlala kummandla wabo.
Abantu abasebenzela uxolo bahamba-hamba apha ekuhlaleni yaye bayafumaneka ukuncedisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko yengxwaba-ngxwaba engenazigalo. Ezinye iinkonzo ezinikezelwayo ziquka ukuya kwiziganeko ezinkulu, ezifana nemingcwabo, enokuba nobundlobongela. Abantu abasebenzela uxolo banceda iindawo abahlala kuzo ixesha elingangonyaka.
Ukuba ulingqina yaye woyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho ngezizathu zokuba lingqina, ungazifakela isicelo sokukhuselwa njengengqina. Ungoyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho okanye olwakhe nabani na osenyongweni kuwe. Ungoyika umntu omnye okanye iqela labantu.
This bill gives effect within the Republic to the relevant international instruments relating to terrorism, provides for offences relating to terrorist acts and for measures designed to combat terrorism.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.7009.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iKhaya Elikhuselekileyo kuwo Onke Amanina Nabantwana Bethu - Ukhuseleko lwamanina nolwabantwana bethu ngundoqo kuRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni.
Olu ke luluhlu lweenombolo eziluncedo nezibalulekileyo onokuzigcina ecaleni komnxeba ukwenzela amaxesha kaxakeka. Unakho kanti nokwangeza iinombolo zakho ezibalulekileyo.
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ukuba ulixhoba lobundlobongela basekhaya kwaye umntu okuphatha gadalalangumntu owalamene naye ngokwasekhaya, ungenza isicelo somyalelo wokhuseleko phantsi komthetho obizwa ngokuba yi-Domestic Violence Act. Umyalelo wokhuseleko uneemeko ezithile ezimisa ukuba lo mntu okuphatha gadalala angazenzi. Ukuba lo mntu ukuphatha gadalala uthe akazithobela ezi meko, angabanjwa.
Ukuba uthe wadlwengulwa okanye wenzakaliswa ngokwesondo, ungagqithisa ingxelo malunga noku emapoliseni. Kukuzithandela kwakho ukuba uyigqithise le ngxelo nokuba ungayigqithisi emapoliseni kodwa ukuba awuyinikezeli, ityala lakho alisayi kuphandwa okanye kufakwe simangalo. Amapolisa awavumelekanga ukuba angavumi ukuphanda ityala lakho, kodwa ukuba awuyigqithisanga ingxelo, ityala lakho alisayi kuphandwa...
Kukho intaphane yamakhaya amakhosikazi abephethwe gadalala eNtshona Koloni abhaliswe neSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa. Amakhosikazi adinga ukhuseleko angaqhagamshelana nekhaya elo ngqo, okanye acele unontlalo-ntle kwi-ofisi yesithili yeli sebe ekufutshane nawo okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa ngoncedo lokuqhagamshelana nendawo yokuhlala.
Iqela elilwa ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni liqela labahlali basebumelwaneni nabathi bavumelane ekusekeni eli qela emva kokuxoxa lo mba kunye nabantu abahlala kummandla wabo. Injongo yeli qela kukukhuthaza ubudlelwane obufanelekileyo phakathi kwabahlali kwakunye nokusebenza njengo-'gcinikhaya' kulo mmandla, ngamanye amaxesha ngokujikeleza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokuhlala rhoqo belindele okunokwenzeka kwimisebenzi...
Abantu abasebenzela uxolo bahamba-hamba apha ekuhlaleni yaye bayafumaneka ukuncedisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko yengxwaba-ngxwaba engenazigalo. Ezinye iinkonzo ezinikezelwayo ziquka ukuya kwiziganeko ezinkulu, ezifana nemingcwabo, enokuba nobundlobongela. Abantu abasebenzela uxolo banceda iindawo abahlala kuzo ixesha elingangonyaka. Nabani na obudala buyiminyaka ephakathi kwe-18 nama-35, ongaphangeliyo, ofikeleleyo kwibanga...
Ukuba ulingqina yaye woyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho ngezizathu zokuba lingqina, ungazifakela isicelo sokukhuselwa njengengqina. Ungoyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho okanye olwakhe nabani na osenyongweni kuwe. Ungoyika umntu omnye okanye iqela labantu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.71606.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icuba likwindawo yesibini kwezona zinto zibangela ukufa ehlabathini, ngokusuba umphefumlo omnye kwelishumi kwihlabathi jikelele (malunga nezigidi ezintlanu zisutywa kukufa ngenxa yalo ngonyaka). Isiqingatha sabantu abatshayayo namhlanje?
Umxholo wosuku lokwazisa ngeengozi zecuba lwalo nyaka uphethe indaba yolawulo lwecuba nentlupheko.
Ukubhiyozela oku, iSebe lezeMpilo liza kube libambe isiganeko sesizwe kwiHolo Yoluntu yaseSalt River, eKapa, apho uMphathiswa wezeMpilo aya kube ethetha namakhosikazi asuka kumzi-mveliso okufutshane apho.
Iintshukumo ezininzi sele zicwangciselwe eso siganeko, ntshukumo ezo zifana nobungqina obusuka kowayesakutshaya ngeendlela icuba eliyichaphazela ngayo impilo yomntu kwanemibuliso ngokubethwa kwamagogogo ukubonisa ukubethwa kwezinto ezimbi eziza necuba ngokuthi umntu ayeke ukutshaya ze akhuthaze nabanye ukuba benze njalo.
Eli Sebe sele likhuphe ulwazi ngeendlela ezimbi icuba elizichaphazela ngayo iintlanga ngeentlanga.
<fn>GOV-ZA.71938.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noCwangciso loPhuhliso leNtshona Koloni (EA&DP) liya kube libhiyozela uSuku lwezeNdalo lweHlabathi - World Enviromental Day (WED) ngoLwesithathu, umhla we-2 nangoLwesine, umhla we-3 kuJuni, e-Oudtshoorn.
Njengoko kuya kube kugxininiswe kumxholo woSuku lwezeNdalo lweHlabathi, iWED, othi, "idikheyidi yozinzo. INdalo yeThu! IKamva lethu, kanti wona umxholo ekuya kugxilwa kuwo lihlabathi liphela uya kube usithi, "ZiyiMfuneko enkulu! IiLwandle namaLwandlekazi, ziFile okanye ziPhila, kumboniso owaye waqhutyelwa kwiZiko loLuntu iBridgton, e-Oudtshoorn.
Abafundi nabahlohli, kwakunye noluntu ngokubanzi abakummandla wase-Oudtshoorn baye babizwa ukuba babekho kulo mboniso. Izikolo zazinikwe ithuba lokuba zithathe inkxaxheba kukhuphiswano lokubonisa izinto ezihambelana nomxholo lo, kubandakanywa ungcoliseko nenkunkuma. Kwakukwakho namabhaso ayefunyanwa.
Eli yayilithuba elibaluleke kakhulu lokubona izinto ekungabalwa ezimbalwa kuzo, ezaziyimiboniso efana nechityana elalinezilwanyana ezahluka-hlukileyo zolwandle, izinto ezenziwe ngemveliso ephinde yenziwa ntsha, umboniso woopopayi, amaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika ayegcine ukhuseleko, kufundiswa nange-HIV/Aids, kukho necandelo lezemililo, kusenziwa nomdlalo weqonga nomxhentso/daniso. Ukoleka koku, iindwendwe ezithile zafumana ithuba lokuya ezifameni nasemiqolombeni ekwakule ngingqi, into leyo eyongezelela ivuso kuzo.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha okanye xa kukho umntu ofuna ukubonisa ngezinto zakhe ezihambelana nezinto zendalo, umzekelo, iimveliso, ubugcisa, izinto zokubonisa kwindawo ohlala kuyo, nceda tsalela uRussell Mehl kule nombolo (021) 483 2752 okanye ku- 082 448 4763, kungenjalo dibana naye ngale imeyili, rmehl@pgwc.gov.za okanye ungene kuvimba-nckukacha wethu kule dilesi; www.capegateway.gov.za.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.71938.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Njengoko kuya kube kugxininiswe kumxholo woSuku lwezeNdalo lweHlabathi, iWED, othi, "idikheyidi yozinzo. INdalo yeThu! IKamva lethu, kanti wona umxholo ekuya kugxilwa kuwo lihlabathi liphela uya kube usithi, "ZiyiMfuneko enkulu! IiLwandle namaLwandlekazi, ziFile okanye ziPhila, kumboniso owaye waqhutyelwa kwiZiko loLuntu iBridgton, e-Oudtshoorn.
Abafundi nabahlohli, kwakunye noluntu ngokubanzi abakummandla wase-Oudtshoorn baye babizwa ukuba babekho kulo mboniso. Izikolo zazinikwe ithuba lokuba zithathe inkxaxheba kukhuphiswano lokubonisa izinto ezihambelana nomxholo lo, kubandakanywa ungcoliseko nenkunkuma. Kwakukwakho namabhaso ayefunyanwa.
Eli yayilithuba elibaluleke kakhulu lokubona izinto ekungabalwa ezimbalwa kuzo, ezaziyimiboniso efana nechityana elalinezilwanyana ezahluka-hlukileyo zolwandle, izinto ezenziwe ngemveliso ephinde yenziwa ntsha, umboniso woopopayi, amaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika ayegcine ukhuseleko, kufundiswa nange-HIV/Aids, kukho necandelo lezemililo, kusenziwa nomdlalo weqonga nomxhentso/daniso. Ukoleka koku, iindwendwe ezithile zafumana ithuba lokuya ezifameni nasemiqolombeni ekwakule ngingqi, into leyo eyongezelela ivuso kuzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.72545.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Esi Sikhundla Sonxibelelwano Solutsha lweMsomsobomvu siqulethe iinkcukacha ngezifundo ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zithatyathwe kwaneemfuno zokungena kwisifundo ngasinye.
izifundo zeziko lemfundo ephakamileyo ezifunwayo abaqeshi abanokuba nomdla kwabo bafundi imithombo yolwazi enokuba luncedo ngezo zifundo umntu azikhethileyo izifundo ezisonde kwezo umntu azikhethileyo amathuba oncedo ngenkxaso-mali yokufunda.
ukukunceda ufikelele kwizigqibo ngezifundo onomdla kuzo.
Esi sikhundla sonxibelelwano siqulethe ulwazi ngokuba ungawukhangela njani na umsebenzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.72588.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho intaphane yemibutho eMzantsi Afrika esebenza nolutsha phantsi kwemiba emininzi neyahlukileyo. Le mibutho iquka imibutho engajonge ngeniso, imibutho yenkolo, amanyathelo afumana uncedo nenkxaso ngezimali kurhulumente.
IKomishoni Yesizwe Yolutsha igcina uluhlu database lwemibutho eli-135 eMzantsi Afrika esebenza nabantu abatsha.
Esi sikhundla solwazi singaphendlwa ngokwelona gama lingundoqo kuloo mba uwufunayo.
Esi sikhundla solwazi siyafumaneka kwiSikhundla Sonxibelelwano Solutsha.
igama lombutho uhlobo lwenkonzo iphondo isithili/inqila.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ungaqhagamshelana neZiko Elitsalelwa Iminxeba kule nombolo 08600 YOUTH (08600 96884).
Imibutho emininzi engajonge ngeniso eNtshona Koloni ibhaliswe kwiSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Nokupheliswa Kwentlupheko. Ukuze ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi na imibutho ekhonyayo kwingingqi ohlala kuyo, ungaphendla uluhlu lwemibutho ebhalisiwey kwikhompyutha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.72713.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ubuqhetseba Bukudla Imali. Bubone, Buxele. Buphelise!
Ungatsalela le nombolo yesizwe ingahlawulelwayo yokunikezela ingxelo ngorhwaphilizo olugquba kwinkqubo yokhuseleko loluntu 0800 203 293.
Abasebenzi beziko elamkela iminxeba bafumaneka ukususela ngeMivulo uye kuma ngooLwezihlanu, phakathi kwe-7:30 ekuseni ne-4 malanga. Ukuba akunqweneli kulishiya igama lakho, ungayifaka ingxelo yakho ngaphandle kokuzazisa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.72801.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukubonisa abantu baseNtshona Koloni ukuba uRhulumente wePhondo uzinikele ekuziseni iinkonzo futhi uyaphendula kwiimfuno zabemi beli Phondo.
URhulumente wephondo leNtshona Koloni uzinikele ekuqinisekiseni ukuba eli Phondo liba liKhaya Kuthi Sonke.
ukukhula kwenene kwamashishini iphulo lokufukanywa kwamashishini ... ingxowa-mali yoshishino lwezolimo...
amapolisa emizila kaloliwe amavolontiya ebambanani ... izikhululo zamapolisa eziphuculweyo ... amacandelo okuphathwa gadalala elusatsheni nempatho-mbi ngokwesondo ebantwaneni ... ukubanjwa kuvalelwe abathengisi nabathubelezisi beziyobisi...
amaxesha okulinda ancitshisiweyo amachiza onyango lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo...
amabhunga ezemidlalo iinkqubo zokuzonwabisa ngemidlalo ... amaziko nezixhobo zemidlalo ezikolweni ... imidlalo yamaqela akwiingingqi ezisondeleleneyo...
isikolo sezifundo zolimo ukuthengiselwa kwamazwe angaphandle iimveliso zeli...
ukuvulwa kwamaphulo okwakhiwa kwezindlu ulawulo lweentlekele ... iinkqubo eziluqilima zolawulo oluhlanganyelweyo...
umsebenzi wokucocwa kwentshona koloni...
inkqubo eyongezelelweyo yesebe lemisebenzi yoluntu ukuvula kwe-ofisi yeetaxi...
ngena ngaphakathi, tyelela ikhompyutha, tsala umnxeba iphulo icape access ... umthetho osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa kwebhunga lophuhliso lwephondo ... umthetho osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa kwekomishoni yolutsha ... ukuphinda kuvulwe umzi-mveliso...
ukubhalisela inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana...
ukufakelwa kombane ezikolweni isikolo usasazo...
Izithembiso zekhulu lokuqala leentsuku zijolise ekuboniseni ngokuphandle abemi beNtshona Koloni, ukuba uRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni uzinikele futhi ubakhathalele ngokumangalisayo abantu baseNtshona Koloni.
"This is a responsive and caring government. Over the next 100 days citizens throughout this province will receive a clear signal of the care and commitment of this Government. Action to be taken over these 100 days is only a deposit on the better life, a deposit on the contract with the people to create work and to fight poverty, a deposit on the objectives of iKapa elihlumayo, namely: dignity, equity and prosperity. These hundred days will also serve as a tangible signal of our direction over the next five years."
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<fn>GOV-ZA.72801.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukubonisa abantu baseNtshona Koloni ukuba uRhulumente wePhondo uzinikele ekuziseni iinkonzo futhi uyaphendula kwiimfuno zabemi beli Phondo.
URhulumente wephondo leNtshona Koloni uzinikele ekuqinisekiseni ukuba eli Phondo liba liKhaya Kuthi Sonke.
ikhaya elinempumelelo kumntu wonke ukukhula kwenene kwamashishini iphulo lokufukanywa kwamashishini ... ingxowa-mali yoshishino lwezolimo ... inkqubo ehlanganyelweyo yabanini-mashishini kwicandelo lezotyelelo ikhaya elikhuselekileyo kuthi sonke amapolisa emizila kaloliwe ... amavolontiya ebambanani ... izikhululo zamapolisa eziphuculweyo ... amacandelo okuphathwa gadalala elusatsheni nempatho-mbi ngokwesondo ebantwaneni ... ukubanjwa kuvalelwe abathengisi nabathubelezisi beziyobisi...
ikhaya esinokuphilisana kulo sonke amabhunga ezemidlalo iinkqubo zokuzonwabisa ngemidlalo ... amaziko nezixhobo zemidlalo ezikolweni ... imidlalo yamaqela akwiingingqi ezisondeleleneyo...
ikhaya elisiphilisa sonke isikolo sezifundo zolimo ukuthengiselwa kwamazwe angaphandle iimveliso zeli...
ikhaya lokusebenzisana kuthi sonke ukuvulwa kwamaphulo okwakhiwa kwezindlu ulawulo lweentlekele ... iinkqubo eziluqilima zolawulo oluhlanganyelweyo...
ikhaya elinokusithwala sonke umsebenzi wokucocwa kwentshona koloni...
ikhaya lokusebenza kuthi sonke inkqubo eyongezelelweyo yesebe lemisebenzi yoluntu ukuvula kwe-ofisi yeetaxi...
ikhaya kuthi sonke ngena ngaphakathi, tyelela ikhompyutha, tsala umnxeba iphulo icape access ... umthetho osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa kwebhunga lophuhliso lwephondo ... umthetho osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa kwekomishoni yolutsha ... ukuphinda kuvulwe umzi-mveliso...
ikhaya elisikhathalela sonke ukubhalisela inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana...
ikhaya lokufunda kuthi sonke ukufakelwa kombane ezikolweni isikolo usasazo...
Izithembiso zekhulu lokuqala leentsuku zijolise ekuboniseni ngokuphandle abemi beNtshona Koloni, ukuba uRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni uzinikele futhi ubakhathalele ngokumangalisayo abantu baseNtshona Koloni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.7296.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Ukususela kwinyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2003, bonke abasebenzi basemakhitshini abasebenza iiyure ezingaphaya kwama-24 ngenyanga kufuneka babhaliselwe I-UIF. Oku kuquka abasebenza ngamaxesha athile kunye nabo basebenza isigxina.
There is little accurate information on unemployed people in the Western Province. The Expanded Public Works Programmes (EPWP) Opportunities Portal aims to be a comprehensive provincial database of unemployed people and their skills.
Abaqeshwa abangamakhosikazi banelungelo lekhefu lokuya kubeleka leenyanga ezine. Eli khefu lingaqala kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku umntwana alindeleke ngalo futhi umqeshwa akanakunyanzeliswa ukuba abuyele emsebenzini de agqibe iiveki ezintandathu emva kokufumana umntwana lowo.
Iyintoni iNgxowa-mali Yokhuseleko Lwabangasaphangeliyo Ingxowa-mali le ibanceda njani abaqeshwa Abasebenzi bangafaka ibango lemali engakanani Ungasifumana isongezelelo xa sele uzisebenzisile izibonelelo zakho?
Abasebenzi abonzakele okanye abathe bahlaselwa sisifo ngenxa omsebenzi wabo banakho ukufaka ibango lemali esuka kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo. Iintsapho zabo nazo zinakho ukufaka amabango ukuba umntu obebonelela ngenkxaso nokuphila kwamalungu azo uthe wasutywa kukufa ngenxa yesifo okanye ukonzakala akufumene emsebenzini. Ngubani onokufaka ibango Ngubani onokufaka imali kule Ngxowa-mali?
Umthetho I-Occupational Health and Safety Act unika abasebenzi ilungelo lokusebenzela kwindawo esempilweni nekhuselekileyo. Lo mthetho uyala abaphathi ukuba babeke abameli bezokhuseleko kunye neekomiti zokhuseleko kwiindawo zokubenzela.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.7296.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Ukususela kwinyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2003, bonke abasebenzi basemakhitshini abasebenza iiyure ezingaphaya kwama-24 ngenyanga kufuneka babhaliselwe I-UIF. Oku kuquka abasebenza ngamaxesha athile kunye nabo basebenza isigxina.
Abaqeshwa abangamakhosikazi banelungelo lekhefu lokuya kubeleka leenyanga ezine. Eli khefu lingaqala kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku umntwana alindeleke ngalo futhi umqeshwa akanakunyanzeliswa ukuba abuyele emsebenzini de agqibe iiveki ezintandathu emva kokufumana umntwana lowo.
Iyintoni iNgxowa-mali Yokhuseleko Lwabangasaphangeliyo Ingxowa-mali le ibanceda njani abaqeshwa Abasebenzi bangafaka ibango lemali engakanani Ungasifumana isongezelelo xa sele uzisebenzisile izibonelelo zakho..?
Abasebenzi abonzakele okanye abathe bahlaselwa sisifo ngenxa omsebenzi wabo banakho ukufaka ibango lemali esuka kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo. Iintsapho zabo nazo zinakho ukufaka amabango ukuba umntu obebonelela ngenkxaso nokuphila kwamalungu azo uthe wasutywa kukufa ngenxa yesifo okanye ukonzakala akufumene emsebenzini. Ngubani onokufaka ibango Ngubani onokufaka imali kule Ngxowa-mali..?
<fn>GOV-ZA.7319.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.7324.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Umzana wophendlo lwezifo zezityalo phaya e-Elsenburg inika uluntu lwaseNtshona Koloni inkonzo yoxilongo lwezifo zezityalo.
Le Nkonzo Inikezela Iingcebiso Ngesondlo Kwizityalo inikezela iziphakamiso ngesondo nezichumisi kwizityalo ze igonyele iingxaki zesondlo ekuhlola-hlolweni komhlaba, amanzi nezityalo.
Ngokomthetho, onke amachiza ezolimo, aquka abulala izityalo ezingadingekiyo, kufuneka evavanyelwe ukuba akulungele ngokwenene na ukuza neziphumo ezifunekayo nokhuseleko lwezityalo ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshelwe iintengiso.
Icandelwana lonkcenkceshelo kwiCandelo loLawulo lwezobuNjineli bezoLimo linikezela ngengcebiso nezikhokelo zokunceda abo bangabankcenkcesheli ukuba amanzi bawasebenzise ngendlela enocikizeko.
uMbutho Weziswe soMzantsi Afrika Ojongene Nokhuseleko Lwezityalo unoxanduva lokujongana nempilo kwanomgangatho wezityalo ezikhuliswa apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye ezithunyelwe ngamanye eMzantsi Afrika.
Iziko Lophando Ngomhlaba, Amanzi Nembewu Yezityalo elise-Elsenburg provides lihlola-hlola Umhlaba, Isityalo, Isichumisi, inorganic analysis of Soil, Plant, Isichumisi, Ikalika, Isamente, Umgquba Namanzi ngeenjongo zokufumanisa izidingo nobume bezichumisi, ukufumanisa iimpawu zokungasebenza kwale nkqubo, ukufumanisa iingxaki kwanokuphucula indlela yokulawula izakhi-mzimba.
All chemicals, such as herbicides, that are used for agricultural purposes must first be tested for effectiveness and safety before they can be released onto the market place. This product registration process is known as the Registration.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.7324.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le Nkonzo Inikezela Iingcebiso Ngesondlo Kwizityalo inikezela iziphakamiso ngesondo nezichumisi kwizityalo ze igonyele iingxaki zesondlo ekuhlola-hlolweni komhlaba, amanzi nezityalo.
Ngokomthetho, onke amachiza ezolimo, aquka abulala izityalo ezingadingekiyo, kufuneka evavanyelwe ukuba akulungele ngokwenene na ukuza neziphumo ezifunekayo nokhuseleko lwezityalo ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshelwe iintengiso.
Icandelwana lonkcenkceshelo kwiCandelo loLawulo lwezobuNjineli bezoLimo linikezela ngengcebiso nezikhokelo zokunceda abo bangabankcenkcesheli ukuba amanzi bawasebenzise ngendlela enocikizeko. Ezi ngcebiso ke nezi zikhokelo zibandakanya nokuhlolwa kwendlela ezicwangciswe ngayo izinto zokunkcenkceshela kwakunye nokuzihlola indlela ezisebenza ngayo phaya emasimini ezi zinto zokunkcenkceshela, khona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ziyahambelana nemigangatho...
iCandelo Lenzululwazi Yomhlaba leSebe Lokusetyenziswa Kwezibonelelo linikezela ngenkonzo yokwahlula-hlula ngokwemigangatho umhlaba kubalimi beentengiso kwanabo batsha abanengxelo nemephu yomhlaba...
uMbutho Weziswe soMzantsi Afrika Ojongene Nokhuseleko Lwezityalo unoxanduva lokujongana nempilo kwanomgangatho wezityalo ezikhuliswa apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye ezithunyelwe ngamanye eMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>GOV-ZA.7328.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho lingawathumela amafama kuthotho lweenkqubo zokuwaxhobisa ngolwazi, inkxaso noqeqesho.
ISebe Lezolimo linikezela ngengcaciso kwimisebenzi ngemisebenzi ekunokukhethwa kuyo kwiCandelo Lezolimo:iingcali kwezezitiya nemiyezo nokukhuliswa kwezityalo ngezichumisi emanzini okanye entlabathini nakuhlalutye, izazinzulu kwezokutya/iingcali zobugcisa, uphendlo lwezifo zezityalo, izazinzulu kwinkalo yonyango lwezilwanyana.
Iindlela zoqulunqo lohlahlo-mali lwamashishini eCOMBUD zingasetyenziswa njengezikhokelo zokuqulunqwa kohlahlo-mali lwamashishini amatsha okanye ekuthelekiseni amanani kuhlahlo-mali lwamashishini asele eqhuba.
Ishishini eliqhutywa gentsebenziswano lishishini eliqhutywa liqela labantu abasebenza kunye ukufikelela kwiinjongo zabo.
Esi sikhokelo sihlanganiselwe ukuncediasana namafama, abasebenzi abongezelelweyo, abaphandi kwanabanye ababandakanyekayo kwimicimbi yaloo efama yenkcitho kwanasekuthatyathweni kwezigqibo ezinento yokwenza noomatshini.
Eyona nto lijolise kuyo eli candelo kukufaka ixabiso kwiimveliso zolimo kule fama ngokweenkqubo ezifana nokomisa, ukupholisa, ukufaka ezikanini kwanokufaka ezipakethini ngeenjongo zokwandisa ingeniso kwanamandla okukhuphisana namanye amashishini.
Le Nkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezixhobo Zolimo ke ijolise kuxhaseni amaqela, abantu kwakunye noluntu olukweli candelo lwezolimo oluhlala kwiingingqi ezazisakuhleleleka kwilixa elingaphambili.
The aim of our extension service is to promote sustainable agricultural systems within the Western Cape in order to ensure prosperous farming communities and rural livelihoods.
Information on the Council and the services it offers to the farming community is available on this website. There is also detailed information on the projects that the Council is involved in the products that they have developed.
IPhulo loKhusleko loKutya, i-FSP lineenjongo zokunika inkonzo yenkxaso kuphela kumaqela abantu abavela kwiindawo ezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi phambili phaya abanomnqweno wokuziqalela izitiya zabo. Eli phulo liya kuyinika inkxaso-mali yokuqalisa iprojekthi leyo yokusungula isitiya yabahlali okanye ke neprojekthi.
I-LRAD ijolise kubantu abaMnyama, kwaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo, ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, kwaye akukho mfuneko yookuba lubuyiswe.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.7328.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho lingawathumela amafama kuthotho lweenkqubo zokuwaxhobisa ngolwazi, inkxaso noqeqesho.
ISebe Lezolimo linikezela ngengcaciso kwimisebenzi ngemisebenzi ekunokukhethwa kuyo kwiCandelo Lezolimo:iingcali kwezezitiya nemiyezo nokukhuliswa kwezityalo ngezichumisi emanzini okanye entlabathini nakuhlalutye, izazinzulu kwezokutya/iingcali zobugcisa, uphendlo lwezifo zezityalo, izazinzulu kwinkalo yonyango lwezilwanyana.
Iindlela zoqulunqo lohlahlo-mali lwamashishini eCOMBUD zingasetyenziswa njengezikhokelo zokuqulunqwa kohlahlo-mali lwamashishini amatsha okanye ekuthelekiseni amanani kuhlahlo-mali lwamashishini asele eqhuba.
Ishishini eliqhutywa gentsebenziswano lishishini eliqhutywa liqela labantu abasebenza kunye ukufikelela kwiinjongo zabo.
Esi sikhokelo sihlanganiselwe ukuncediasana namafama, abasebenzi abongezelelweyo, abaphandi kwanabanye ababandakanyekayo kwimicimbi yaloo efama yenkcitho kwanasekuthatyathweni kwezigqibo ezinento yokwenza noomatshini.
Eyona nto lijolise kuyo eli candelo kukufaka ixabiso kwiimveliso zolimo kule fama ngokweenkqubo ezifana nokomisa, ukupholisa, ukufaka ezikanini kwanokufaka ezipakethini ngeenjongo zokwandisa ingeniso kwanamandla okukhuphisana namanye amashishini.
Le Nkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezixhobo Zolimo ke ijolise kuxhaseni amaqela, abantu kwakunye noluntu olukweli candelo lwezolimo oluhlala kwiingingqi ezazisakuhleleleka kwilixa elingaphambili.
IPhulo loKhusleko loKutya, i-FSP lineenjongo zokunika inkonzo yenkxaso kuphela kumaqela abantu abavela kwiindawo ezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi phambili phaya abanomnqweno wokuziqalela izitiya zabo. Eli phulo liya kuyinika inkxaso-mali yokuqalisa iprojekthi leyo yokusungula isitiya yabahlali okanye ke neprojekthi.ISebe lezoLimo liya kunika amaqela angama-20 inkxaso-mali rhoqo ngonyaka ngamnye,...
I-LRAD ijolise kubantu abaMnyama, kwaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo, ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, kwaye akukho mfuneko yookuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha...
<fn>GOV-ZA.73351.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
IKomishoni Ejongene Nezikhalazo Zoluntu Yesixeko saseKapa (ekwaziwa njenge-Ombudsman) ijongana nezikhalazo ngokuziphatha kwamagosa kaRhulumente weSixeko saseKapa ngokuphathelele kuluntu jikelele. Oku ke kukwaquka iimeko zokuphathwa gadalala, izigqibo ezingenabulungisa okanye ezikhetha icala okanye ukuziphatha kwanolawulo ngendlela egwenxa. Usenakho nokufaka izikhalazo ngokungahoyakali, ukungathatyathwa kwamanyathelo okuthintela urhwaphilizo kwanokunganyaniseki kwala magosa eluntwini.
ngemida yolawulo lwale Komishoni ngendlela yokufaka isikhalazo amagunya ale Komishoni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.7336.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
amaziko asekuhlaleni ezemidlalo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.73721.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa uthenga umhlaba, kufuneka ufumane ubungqina boko ngokuthi loo mhlaba ubhaliswe egameni lakho. Eli lungelo lobunini ke libubungqina bokuba ngokwenene unguye umnini walo mhlaba. Uya kudinga uncedo lwegqwetha kwimicimbi yempahla nemihlaba ukuze likuncedise kwinkqubo yokudluliselwa kwalo mhlaba egameni lakho.
Uya kuba ngumnini walo mhlaba kuphela xa uMphathi wala magunya etyikitya oku kudluliselwa kwamalungelo obunini.
Ikopi yesi siqinisekiso sobunini sigcinwa kwi-Ofisi Yamagunya Obunini. Nabani na ke angakwazi ukujonga ukuba ngubani na umnini womhlaba othile ngokuthi aqhagamshelane nale Ofisi Yamagunya Obunini.
<fn>GOV-ZA.74084.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le Komishoni ke iyinkampani yeCandelo lama-21 (ayijonganga ngeniso), yaye isebenza njengombutho ozimeleyo, onamagunya awo ohlanganisa imicimbi enento yokwenza nemiboniso bhanya-bhanya yeSixeko saseKapa kwakunye noRhulumente Wephondo leNtshona Kapa.
Ikwanoxanduva lokuba liliso ekuveliseni imibvoniso bhanya-bhanya kwiSixeko nakwiphondo ngokubanzi. Oku ke kuquka ukuhlanganiswa kwanolawulo kwalo lonke ulwazi oluchaphazela nolunokuba luncedo ekuvelisweni kwemiboniso bhanya-bhanya kulo mmandla..
I-Ofisi Yamaphepha-mvume Okuvelisa Imiboniso bhanya-bhanya yeKapa isebenza njengeziko ekulilo lodwa elinikezela ngolawulo lwazo zonke iinkalo zeemvume zokuvelisa imiboniso bhanya-bhanya kumhlaba ophantsi kolawulo lweBhunga kummandla ophantsi kwamagunya olawulo lukamaspala weSixeko saseKapa.
Zintlanu ii-ofisi ezinikezela ngamaphepha-mvume okuvelisa imiboniso bhanya-bhanya kwesi sixeko.
<fn>GOV-ZA.74834.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Khawufumanise okunye ngePhulo Lokuvuselelwa kweGenadendal.
The iKomishoni Yenkcubeko yaseNtshona Koloni inoxanduva lokujongana, phakathi kwezinye izinto, nokuxhasa ngezimali imibutho namaphulo enkcubeko. Khawufumanise okunye ke ngale komishoni kwakunye namalinge ayo.
iCandelo Leenkonzo Zenkcubeko lincedisana neCandelo Lolawulo Lwemicimbi Yenkcubeko Nelifa Lemvelo ukuze kuziwe namalinge okulondoloza, okuphuhlisa nawokwandisa inkcubeko. Injongo ke kukongeza ixabiso nokuphucula umgangatho wempilo yabo bonke abemi baseNtshona Koloni, nokuba oko sewle kusenziwa ngokuziswa kwemidlalo yomboniso omnye kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni, iindibano noqeqesho ezilokishini, ubugcisa okanye imiboniso yemizobo kwiidolophu ezahlukeneyo okanye ke iminyhadala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Eli candelo lixhasa ze likhuthaze amaphulo obugcisa, maphulo lawo anethuba lokutsala nokubandakanya uluntu ngokubanzi ze azame ukumanya uluntu ze akhuthaze ukunyamezelana nokuqondana.
iintshukumo ezibandakanya ulwazi lolutsha ngenkcubeko.
Eli candelo lisebenzisana kuhle nemibutho yobugcisa neyenkcubeko ze linikezele nangeengcebiso kumaphulo, lilawule ukuxhaswa kwawo ngezimali yaye likho kuthotoho lwamaphulo nemibutho yasekuhlaleni minyaka le. Eli candelo likwalawula, egameni leKomishoni Yenkcubeko yaseNtshona Koloni, amaziko enkcubeko asixhenxe avulelekileyo kuluntu ngokubanzi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.74834.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
The iKomishoni Yenkcubeko yaseNtshona Koloni inoxanduva lokujongana, phakathi kwezinye izinto, nokuxhasa ngezimali imibutho namaphulo enkcubeko. Khawufumanise okunye ke ngale komishoni kwakunye namalinge ayo.
iCandelo Leenkonzo Zenkcubeko lincedisana neCandelo Lolawulo Lwemicimbi Yenkcubeko Nelifa Lemvelo ukuze kuziwe namalinge okulondoloza, okuphuhlisa nawokwandisa inkcubeko. Injongo ke kukongeza ixabiso nokuphucula umgangatho wempilo yabo bonke abemi baseNtshona Koloni, nokuba oko sewle kusenziwa ngokuziswa kwemidlalo yomboniso omnye kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni, iindibano noqeqesho ezilokishini, ubugcisa okanye imiboniso yemizobo kwiidolophu ezahlukeneyo okanye ke iminyhadala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Eli candelo lixhasa ze likhuthaze amaphulo obugcisa, maphulo lawo anethuba lokutsala nokubandakanya uluntu ngokubanzi ze azame ukumanya uluntu ze akhuthaze ukunyamezelana nokuqondana.
ubugcisa bokubonakalisa, obemiboniso kwanoboncwadi, iinzululwazi zendalo nezoluntu, amacandelo enkcubeko nembali iintshukumo ezibandakanya ulwazi lolutsha ngenkcubeko.
Eli candelo lisebenzisana kuhle nemibutho yobugcisa neyenkcubeko ze linikezele nangeengcebiso kumaphulo, lilawule ukuxhaswa kwawo ngezimali yaye likho kuthotoho lwamaphulo nemibutho yasekuhlaleni minyaka le. Eli candelo likwalawula, egameni leKomishoni Yenkcubeko yaseNtshona Koloni, amaziko enkcubeko asixhenxe avulelekileyo kuluntu ngokubanzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.74987.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Khawufumanise okunye Ngeziza ezintandathu zelifa lemvelo zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Amaziko elifa lemvelo ziindawo okanye amatye abalulekileyo kwinkcubeko okanye kwimbali kuquka nezakhiwo okanye izimiselo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eminyaka zikho, Izinto zakudala ezinqabileyo nezifundo ngezidalwa zamandulo ezifana namatye anqabileyo, ukuzika kweenqanawe kwakunye nemihlaba yokungcwaba namangcwaba.
nokuchonga nokwenza uphando ngelifa lemvelo namaziko elifa lemvelo ulawulo ngezicwangciso-maqhinga ngokhuselo nolawulo lwamaziko elifa lemvelo eNtahona Koloni ngenkxaso yezimali neyolawulo ngokuba ngoonobhala kwiBhunga Lelifa Lemvelo laseNtshona Koloni neekomiti zalo ngokuseka kwanokugcina izikhundla zolwazi namanye amaziko.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha Ngamaziko Elifa Lemvelo aseNtshona Koloni, khawufunde ngeBhunga Lelifa Lemvelo laseNtshona Koloni okanye ke utyelele iwebsite Yequmrhu Lamaziko Elifa Lemvelo aseMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>GOV-ZA.7551.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Impilo yezilwanyana: Ukujongajongana neengozi zezifo zezilwanyana, ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwezifo, ukongamela ukugqabhuka kwezifo zezilwanyana, nokucutshwa kokuvela kwezifo zezilwanyana ukulungiselela ukuba abavelisi bemfuyo bakhuphisane kumgangatho wanamhla kuqoqosho lwehlabathi.
Ukhuseleko Lokutya: ukujongajongana neengozi kwakunye nophuhliso lwempilo yezilwanyna olubonelelwa nguRhulumente, ukuza nemiqathango nokujonga-jongana nokusetyenziswa kolawulo lwemicimbi yezempilo kwizilarha zokuxhelela, kwiindawo ezivelisa nezithumela ukutya kumanye amazwe ngokurhweba.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.7551.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Impilo yezilwanyana: Ukujongajongana neengozi zezifo zezilwanyana, ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwezifo, ukongamela ukugqabhuka kwezifo zezilwanyana, nokucutshwa kokuvela kwezifo zezilwanyana ukulungiselela ukuba abavelisi bemfuyo bakhuphisane kumgangatho wanamhla kuqoqosho lwehlabathi.
Ukhuseleko Lokutya: ukujongajongana neengozi kwakunye nophuhliso lwempilo yezilwanyna olubonelelwa nguRhulumente, ukuza nemiqathango nokujonga-jongana nokusetyenziswa kolawulo lwemicimbi yezempilo kwizilarha zokuxhelela, kwiindawo ezivelisa nezithumela ukutya kumanye amazwe ngokurhweba.
<fn>GOV-ZA.7569.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Indima yeCandelo loMlawuli oyiNtloko kukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amacandelo ayayithobela imiqathango yezemali emisela indlela emayisetyenziswe ngayo imali. ICandelo loMlawuli likwaqhuba nolawulo nendlela emakuqhutywe ngayo kwezabasebenzi kwi-ofisi elikomkhulu, kwii-ofisi ezili-14 zesithili kwanamziko asibhozo eli Sebe. Oku kubandakanya nokufunwa kwabasebenzi nokukhethwa kwabo, ukulawulwa kwendlela abawuqhuba ngayo abasebenzi umsebenzi wabo, ulawulo lwezibonelelo zeenkonzo, ulawulo losungulo, ucwangciso lwezabasebenzi nophuhliso, kwanolawulo lwezabasebenzi. Imisebenzi yenkxaso yolawulo ebandakanya irejistri, abathunywa, abalungisi-zidlo, ukucoca, abaqhubi kunye nomnxibelelanisi-zingcingo weenkonzo zonxibelelwano.
<fn>GOV-ZA.75947.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.75949.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.75964.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.75966.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.75968.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.76210.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngenyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2004, uRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika waphehlelela iRetail Bond yakhe entsha. Le ke yingxenye yephulo likarhulumente lokukhuthaza ukonga. IRetail Bond yaseMzanrsi Afrika lutyalo-mali noRhulumente waseMzantsi Afrika efumana inzala eqingqiweyo ngexesha lolo tyalo-mali.
Inzala nemali zihlawulwa ngokobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa ngqo kwi-akhawunti yakho yebhanki, ndlla leyo ikhuseleke kakhulu kutyalo-mali.
Uya kufumana isixa senzala esisebenzayo kweli shishini ngelko xesha uqala ngalo ukutyala imali yakho.
Isixa senzala siqingqiwe de liphele ixesha lotyalo-mali lwakho. Uya kuyazi ngqo imali oya kuyifumana ukuba iya kuba ngakanani na.
Ungaphinda ukhethe ukuyityala inzala oyifumene kutyalo-mali lwakho kwinzala elinganayo naleyo ubutyala ngayo kwiBond yakho ze ke ube uqinisekisa ukukhula kwemaliu yakho.
Akunakuyisebenzisa iRetail Bond yakho njengobungqina bokuba uya kuyibuyisa nayiphi na imali-mboleko yakho kwenye indawo, leyo ke ibe yindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba imali oyityalileyo ikhuselekile.
Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni uphinde uyityale inzala yakho, akuyi kuba namngcipheko wakuphinda utyale.
Inzala nemali ihlawulwa ngqo kwi-akhawunti yakho yebhanki ngosuku lokuhlawulwa kwenzala, kuqinisekiswa ukuba akukho kulibaziseka.
Ukufikeleleka ukuba udinga imali ngokukhawulezileyo, ungayikhupha ngaphambi kwexesha emva nje kweshumi elinesibini leenyanga, kodwaq ke kuya kufuneka uhlawule isohlwayo ukuba kukho ngaphantsi kwewaka leerandi kwiBond yakho.
Ungachonga umntu oza kufumana isabelo sakho seRetail Bond yaseMzantsi Afrika abe mnye okanye nangaphezulu. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba ukuba uthi usutywe kukufa, iRetail Bond yakho ayiyi kuhlanganiswa nolawulo lwenye nje impahla yakho.
Ukuba akuchongi mntu uza kufumana le mali, iBond le iya kuba yingxenye yempahla yakho.
ube ngummi woMzantsi Afrika onencwadana yesazisi yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Ube ngaphezu kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala.
utyale ubuncinci imali eliwaka leerandi ze ubuninzi ibe sisigidi seerandi.
Xa utyala imali uya kuxelelwa izinga lenzala eliya kuhlala liqingqekile de liphele ixesha lotyalo-mali othi ulukhethe. Ungakhetha ukutyala ixesha eliyiminyaka emibini, emithathu okanye emithathu.
Izinga lenzala kutyalo-mali olutsha lubonakala naynga zonke futhi libhengezwa kwiwebsite yeBond yaseMzantsi Afrika. Izinga elisebenzayo xa usenza olu tyalo-mali liya kusebenza de liphele ixesha lotyalo-mali lwakho.
Inzala ihlawulwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ngomhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yoKwindla nangomhla wamashumi amathathu kwinyanga yoMsintsi, ngqo ebhankini yakho. Ungakhetha ukuyifaka kutyalo-mali lwakho le nzala (oko ke kukuthi, uphinde uyityala nayo).
Le website iqulethe iinkcukacha ngemali-mboleko, ndawonye namazinga enzala. Kukwakho nesixhobo sokubala esifumaneka kwikhomyutha esinokukunceda ubale ukuba liya kuba ngakanani na ixabiso lotyalo-mali lwakho ekupheleni kwexesha eliqingqelwe olo tyalo-mali.
<fn>GOV-ZA.76305.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Bonke abantwana kwisizwe siphela, abangaphantsi kwiminyaka emihlanu baya kufumana izongezelelo ezibini zokuthintela ipoliyo. Abantwana abaphakathi kweenyanga ezili- 9 neminyaka emihlanu baya kufumana isitofu esinye esisongezelelo sokuthintela imasisi.
Dibana neklinikhi ekufuphi kuwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.76307.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.76309.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Milnerton Traffic Department , William Penn Drive.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.76401.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Reed Street, Bellville.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.7659.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abajongene nokuLwa uLwaphulo-mthetho kwezeNtlalo bazisa ulawulo oluhlanganisiweyo lweeprojekthi zoluntu zokulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho. bayabandakanyeka nasekuhlanganiseni baxhase uluntu ekudonyuleni izinto eziphembelela ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ukubandakanyeka koluntu kudlala indima enkulu kule nkqubo kwanasekwenzeke oku, izakhono nolwazi ekwabelwanayo ngazo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.77001.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.77007.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.77009.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.77013.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.77017.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.77029.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.77031.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.77033.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.77218.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho amanxiwa Anobutyebi Behlabathi angama-788 kwihlabathi lonke, manxiwa lawo akhuselweyo ngeenzame zokulondoloza ubuhle bawo bendalo okanye ukubaluleka kwawo ngokwenkcubeko nangokwembali. Amanxiwa adweliswe njenganobutyebi behlabathi afumana ukunakanwa kumazwe akuwo kwanakumazwe angaphandle.
Ingingqi ye-fynbos yeNtshona Koloni neMpuma Koloni isandula ukunakanwa njengenxiwa eliqulethe ubutyebi behlabathi ngenxa yobuhle bayo bendalo nokubaluleka kwayo kwinzululwazi. Eli nxiwa liqulethe iingingqi ezisibhozo ezikhuselweyo, kubandakanywa noMyezo Wesizwe iKirstenbosch kunye nendawo yolondolozo lwendalo iDe Hoop. Ngokukonke, eli nxiwa linaba kangangeehektare ezingama-553,000 zomhlaba otyebileyo ziintlobo zezityalo, ezimele amashumi amabini eepesenti zezityalo zase-Afrika.
Izityalo ezinqabileyo zale ngingqi zinexabiso elikhulu kakhulu kwinzululwazi njengoko kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo kwanokuxinana kweentlobo ze-Fynbos kwingingqana nje encinci. Ukuxinana kwezi ntlobo-ntlobo kuMmandla iCape Floral kumalunga nelona nqanaba liphezulu ehlabathini futhi sele idizwe njengenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo ezilishumi elinesibhozo zempahla ephilayo ehlabathini.
Ukubaluleka kwesiqithi iRobben Island kwimbali kukhokelele ekunakanweni kwayo njengenxiwa Elinobutyebi Behlabathi ngo-1999. IRobben Island le ibisakusetyenziswa kule minyaka ingamakhulu amahlanu adlulileyo njengentolongo, isibhedlele nendawo yokuhlala nokuzilolonga kwamajoni. Izakhiwo ezininzi zesi siqithi zikhumbuza umntu ngembali yaso njengentolongo enolona khuseleko futhi ikwaluphawu lokuphumelela kweminqweno yesizwe, yenkululeko, neyolawulo lukarhulumente ngokwentando yesininzi kusoyiswa ingcinezelo.
Imihlaba ye-St Lucia Wetlands iqulethe iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokumila komhlaba, eziqulethe ooqaqaqa bangaphantsi kwamanzi, amalwandle amade anesanti eninzi, iintlabathi zesanti eziselunxwemeni, amachibi, imigxobhozo, imihlaba emanzi emikhulu yeengcongolo nemithi. Ukwahluka kobume bale mihlaba imanzi kwanokuhlangana kwayo namanye amacandelo emo-zulu kukhokelele ebukhweni beentlobo-ntlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo. Ukumila komhlaba okwenziwe ngemifanekiso eyenziwe ngamatye amancinane kwaneentlobo zeendawo zokuhlala zezi zityalo nezilwanyana nazo zikwadala imibono enomtsalane.
Eli nxiwa lihle kakhulu, lineentsika eziphezulu zohlobo lwelitye elilukhuni, iintlobo ezithile zemithi, iziganga zamatye esanti abugolide, amathafa engca aqeqngqeleka ngokuphakame kakhulu, iintlambo zamandulo ezinamacala amtyibilizi nemiwonyo enamatye. Ubuninzi beendawo zokuhlala zezilwanyana bukhusela uninzi lwendalo yemvelo yalapha neyehlabathi esemngciphekweni, ingakumbi iintaka nezityalo.
Kukwakho nemiqolomba emininzi neendawo zokufihla intloko phantsi kwamatye kunye neyona mbumba yemizobo yamatye inkhulu neyona ixineneyo e-Afrika, kumzantsi weSahara. Le mizobo isematyeni yenziwa sisizwe saBathwa kwixesha eliyiminyaka engamakhulu amane eyadlulayo. Le mizobo nemibhalo kula matye yeyomgangatho ophakame kakhlulu kwanothotho lwemiba kwanokuzotywa nokuboniswa kwezilwanyana nabantu. Konke oku kumele indlela yempilo yokukhonza yesizwe saBathwa abangasahlali kule ngingqi kungoku nje.
Le yingingqi emi kumda osemantla woMzantsi Afrika, odibanisa amazwe iZimbabwe neBotswana, iMapungubwe yayibobona bukhosi bukhulu kumazantsi eli lizwekazi phambvi kokuba ichithwe kwiminyaka yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesine. Isiza sebhotwe elasindayo nengingqi yokuhlala, kwaneziza ezimbini zangaphambili zokuhlala, zibonisa umfanekiso ongayiwayo wokuphuhla kwendlela yokuphila koluntu kwanendlela upolitiko lwalapho olwalumi ngayo kwiminyaka engamakhulu amane eyadlulayo.
Inkangeleko yenkcubeko kumhlaba weMapungubwe iqulethe ubungqina bonaniselwano loluntu ngemicimbi yalo, naniselwano olo lukhokelele kwiinguqu ezininzi nezinkulu ngokwenkcubeko nangokwezinye nje iindlela zokuphila zoluntu kuMazantsi e-Afrika phakathi kweminyaka u-900 no-1300 AD. Iintsalela zoku zibubungqina obugqibeleleyo bokukhula nokuchithakala okuye kwalandela kombuso weMapungubwe. Ezi ntsalela zibonisa ngokwemizobo indlela ukutshintsha kwemo yezulu ekube nefuthe ngayo yaye zigcina ukukhula nokufa kobukhosi baseMapungubwe.
Ingingqi yeSterkfontein iqulethe imbumba yamanxiwa amakhulu kakhulu nabaluleke kakhulu ngokolwazi aluquletheyo lwenzululwazi, manxiwa lawo asiphathela ukhanyo ngezona zinyanya zokuqala zomntu. La manxiwa ayingxenye yamawaba agcina ulwazi oluphuphumayo lwenzululwazi, lwazi olo lunomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu kuthi luntu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.7749.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMlawuli oyiNtloko wokuNikwa kwabantu iZindlu uququzelela ulawulo lweprojekthi exhasa kwaye ikhuthaze uphuhliso lwenkqubo yokuhlaliswa kwabantu ezindlwini kwiSebe loRhulumente woMmandla nezeZindlu.
Ukulawulwa kweeprojekthi zezindlu kunye nolawulo lwemali-mboleko yezindlu.
Ukwenziwa kwenkonzo yeengcebiso ngophuhliso oluphathelele ekuhlalisweni kwabantu ezindlwini.
Ukukhuthazwa nokulawulwa koxhobiso ngezoqoqosho nokuxhotyiswa ngolwazi nangobuchule.
<fn>GOV-ZA.77525.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lidiza ezinye zezona zinto ezibangela ukutya ityhefu, ndawonye neengcebiso ngeendlela zokuthintela ukutyhefwa, nokuba kufuneka wenze ntoni na uthe watya ityhefu ngempazamo.
Abantwana aba bandwebe indalo yaye bangathanda kakhulu ukuzivela. Ayothusi ke neyokuba ngaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eepesenti zeemeko zokutyiwa kwetyhefu ngempazamo zibandakanya abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engaphantsi kwesihlanu ubudala.
Uninzi lweemeko zokutyiwa kwetyhefu ngempazamo zibandakanya amayeza neziyobisi ezishiywe kwiindawo abanokufikelela kuzo abantwana.
Abantwana aba bakhe bazame nokusela iimveliso zasekhayeni ezifana neparaffin namanye amchiza okucoca, ingakumbi ukuba ezi mveliso zigalelwe kwiibhotile okanye kwizinto ekuqhele ukufakwa kuzo iziselo okanye ukutya.
Ukutya iityhefu ezinobuzaza, ezifana ne-lead, kungenzeka ngamaxesha athile ebantwaneni abahlala kwiingingqi ezingcolileyo ezifana nezo kukho kuzo imizi-mveliso nezintyalo ezinamachiza.
Qinisekisa ukuba amayeza, iziyobisi, izinto zokupheka kwakunye neemveliso zokucoca zibekelwa kude ebantwaneni, kwiikhabhathi ezitshixiweyo.
Sebenzisa izinto zokufaka ezineziciko ezikhuselekileyo xa ufaka ezi mveliso.
Ungaze ubeke ukutya namachiza okucoca okanye ukutya namayeza ndawonye.
Abantu abadala kufuneka bakuthintele ukusebenzisa amayeza phambi kwabantwana, njengoko abantwana aba bethanda kakhulu ukulingsnisa.
Gcina izibulali-zinambuzane kwakunye nezibulali zokhula kwiindawo ezingabonakaliyo nezingafikelelekiyo ebantwaneni.
Kwiingingqi ezinemizi-mveliso kubalulekile ukuba ingingqi nganye isoloko iphantsi kweliso labahloli ukuqinisekisa ukuba amachiza lawo awafikeleli kumanqanaba aphezulu nanobungozi ngokungamkelekiyo.
Fumana ichiza okanye into ebelikuyo elo chiza ukrokrela ukuba umntwana lowo uliginyile okanye uliphethe. Ligcine elo chiza okanye loo nto ibihleli elo chiza ukuze uye nayo nayo eklinikhi okanye esibhedlele.
Ukuba umntwana lowo usesezingqondweni yaye kubanakala iimpawu zokuba uginye ityhefu, ungazama ukumgabhisa.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uginye ichiza lokucoca okanye iasidi enobungozi, musa ukumniika nantoni na yokusela kuba kaloku isiselo eso singangahlangani netyhefu leyo ze zenze umonakalo omkhulu ngaphakathi esiswini somntwana.
Ukuba umntwana uthe waphatha ichiza elinganobungozi kulusu lwakhe ngokuphathwa nje, mkhulule loo mpahla inokuba yosulelekileze umhlambe ulusu, iinwele neenzipho - uqale ngamanzi acocekileyo ze ulandelise ngokuwahlanganisa nesepha. Yithi ke ekugqibeleni uhlambisise ulusu olo ze ulosule.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uthe wangenwa lelo chiza linobungozi emehlweni, hlamba iliso elo ngocoselelo ngamanzi adikidiki isithuba sexesha elifikelela kwishumi lemizuzu.
Gcina umntwana lowo ngendlela aza kuziva kamnandi ze umse kwelona ziko lononophelo lwempilo likufutshane nendawo enihlala kuyo.
Ngalo naluphi na uncedo olufunayo, qhagamshelana neklinikhi ekufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane uncedo lolusuka kwiingcali.
<fn>GOV-ZA.77751.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.77762.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.77787.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.77791.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.77920.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Isikhokelo Semibutho Yaseburhulumenteni seNtshona Koloni esi luluhlu olugqibeleleyo lwamakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwimibutho namasebe ahlukeneyo karhulumente olufumaneka kwi-internet, iinkampani zabucala ezikwaphantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente, imibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente kwakunye namanye amaqumrhu aseburhulumenteni, maqumrhu lawo anokuba lulutho kubemi nakubakhenkethi balapha eNtshona Koloni. Injongo yesi sikhundla ke kukwenza ulwazi oluphangaleleyo luvuleleke ukuze unxibelelwano nemibutho Yaseburhulumenteni lube lula. Nceda uqaphele ke ukuba iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezilapha zisekelwe kuphando olwaqosheliswa ngenyanga yoMqungu ngo-2002. Nceda uthumele nge-email iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezihlaziyiweyo kunye nezimvo kule dilesi questions@capegateway.gov.za.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.77920.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isikhokelo Semibutho Yaseburhulumenteni seNtshona Koloni esi luluhlu olugqibeleleyo lwamakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwimibutho namasebe ahlukeneyo karhulumente olufumaneka kwi-internet, iinkampani zabucala ezikwaphantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente, imibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente kwakunye namanye amaqumrhu aseburhulumenteni, maqumrhu lawo anokuba lulutho kubemi nakubakhenkethi balapha eNtshona Koloni. Injongo yesi sikhundla ke kukwenza ulwazi oluphangaleleyo luvuleleke ukuze unxibelelwano nemibutho Yaseburhulumenteni lube lula. Nceda uqaphele ke ukuba iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezilapha zisekelwe kuphando olwaqosheliswa ngenyanga yoMqungu ngo-2002. Nceda uthumele nge-email iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezihlaziyiweyo kunye nezimvo kule dilesi questions@capegateway.gov.za.
<fn>GOV-ZA.77934.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ulwazi ngoqeqesho kwakunye neengcebiso kumashishini asakhasayo, asakhulayo nalawo sele ekhulile.
Kungoku nje akho la Macandelo Eengcebiso Ngoshishino kuninzi lwamathala eencwadi kweli leNtshona Kapa, kuquka nothotho lweedolophana ezincinci. Nalu ke uluhlu olupheleleyo lwala macandelo Anikezela Iingcebiso Kumashishini.
gaillbc@iafrica.com or lbcinfo@iafrica.com.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.77934.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ulwazi ngoqeqesho kwakunye neengcebiso kumashishini asakhasayo, asakhulayo nalawo sele ekhulile.
Kungoku nje akho la Macandelo Eengcebiso Ngoshishino kuninzi lwamathala eencwadi kweli leNtshona Kapa, kuquka nothotho lweedolophana ezincinci. Nalu ke uluhlu olupheleleyo lwala macandelo Anikezela Iingcebiso Kumashishini.
<fn>GOV-ZA.7857.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana eliKhulu loLawulo neNkxaso yeQumrhu ijolise ekukhuthazeni oomasipala ngokukuko nokuchanekileyo.
Ukukhuthaza ulawulo olululo kunye nohlanganiso oluchanekileyo ngaphakathi eburhulumenteni naphakathi kwamasebe.
Ukuqwalasela intlalontle iyonke/ukusebenza koomasipala nokunikezela ulawulo nenkxaso ekhethekileyo.
Ukulawula, ukuqinisa, ukunxibelelanisa nokukhusela inkqubo yophuhliso lwabasebenzi boluntu ngokukuko nangokufanelekileyo kwiphondo laseNtshona Koloni.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.78615.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.78759.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
INkulumbuso ithe: Sinebhongo ngenxa yokuba isixeko esifana neKapa senze kwakho umtsalane owenza ukuba ilizwe lilonke libe nengqinseko ngoMbindi woShishino walo.
Ezi zigidi-gidi zi-R2,13 yeyona ntlawulo yezavenge inkulu kwiibhiliyoni ezi-R5 esagqiba ekubeni ziziswe kweli Phondo kwiNgqungquthela yokuKhula noPhuhliso eyayiqhutywa kulo nyak' uphelileyo. NjengoRhulumente ke saye sazibophelela ekwenzeni eyethu indima njengoko sisakha iKhaya lethu Sonke.
Yinto entle ukubona oomaslenge bekroze elundini lwesixeko esi njengophawu oluqinisekisa inkqubela phambili nolunika ingqiniseko. Aboshishino lolwakhiwo baphinde babuyel' enkomeni kwakhona besakha ngokobuchule obukumgangatho wePhondo kananjalo besenza nomsebenzi ofuneka ngamandla.
Iyakhuthaza kakhulu into yokuba olu phawu lutsha lophuhliso kwisixeko esi yenziwe zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezine: ukusetyenziswa kwemithetho-siseko yabantu ngabantu, indibaniselwano phakathi kweentlanga nendibaniselwano kwezentlalo, ukuxhotyiswa kwabantu abantsundu, ubugcisa bokuyila kwezokwakha.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto siyibethela izandla into yokusetyenziswa kophuhliso oluze namaqela ohlukeneyo ethe yalusebenzisa i-COESA ne-Euro-Cape. Ukubandakanywa ngendlela ecetywe ngokufanelekileyo kwezorhwebo, intengiso neendawo zokuhlala kumaphulo ophuhliso, ibonisa eyona mifuziselo ingcono ekhoyo yocwangciso yezizwe zehlabathi.
IKapa lathwaxwa kanobom kwixesha elidlulileyo kukucalulwa kwabantu behlaliswa ngokobuhlanga babo, into ke leyo esalombetheyo nanamhlanje oku. Ukuhlanganiswa kweentlanga nemigangatho yokuphila kwiindawo esihlala kuzo ibalulekile ukuze kubekho ukhuseleko ngaphezu koko kwenziwe iKhaya elilelethu Sonke. Enyanisweni iyakhuthaza yona into yokuba umbidi wesixeko udlale indima ephambili ekudibaniseni abantu kunye, endaweni yokuba sisixeko nje sabantu asele bezizityebi.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Icon apho abanini be-COESA bengabantu abantsundu ngokupheleleyo (100%), luphawu olubonakalayo lokuxhotyiswa kwabantsundu ngezoqoqosho. Esi sakhiwo senziwe ngobugcisa obukhulu nesingungce-ngezulu omigangatho ingamashumi amabini kumhlaba owavela kwakududulwa ulwandle ngo-1937, ngowona mhlaba wokuqala wakha wamkhulu oza kuba yinkampani yabantu abantsundu.
Iyasivuyisa kunene into yokuba igama elingu-'Icon' libe intsingiselo yalo ithetha 'uDonga lweeNkumbulo (Wall of Remembrance) olungaphakathi kwisakhiwo. Lo mbono uya kuzenza zigcobe kakhulu iinkokeli ezathi zanegalelo elihle elifana nokukhululwa koMzantsi Afrika. Ngokubhekiselele kumbono wethu wokwakha iKhaya lethu Sonke, olu luphawu olufaneleke ngeyona ndlela.
Ukusetyenziswa koyilo lwezakhiwo zale mihla ekufuneka zenziwe ngokwemizekelo yase-Afrika kuya kunceda ekwenzeni iinguqulelo kwimbonakalo yesixeko esi njengokuba izakhiwo ezaziyilwe mandulo ezimiyo kungoku nje, kufuneka zime kunye nezo ziyilwe ngendlela yanamhlanje zibe njengesimboli yoxolelwaniso, ukuqondana nenkqubela phambili.
Okwesibini, amaxabiso akufuneki abe sisithintelo esenza kungafikelelwa kwindawo apho ubutyebi busoyanyaniswa khona nobuhlanga. NjengoRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni siyayivuyela ingxoxo-mpikiswano emalunga nabantu baseDistrict Six, nemimandla efana ne-Bo Kaap ukuba ivuleleke kumntu wonke kunye namaxabiso omhlaba njengoko sifumene iindlela zokukuphendula oku.
<fn>GOV-ZA.7911.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana loPhuculo lwezibonelelo zangaphakathi zikamasipala lijolise ekukhuthazeni unikezelo olululo lwamaseko ezibonelelo zangaphakathi.
Ukunikezela ngeenkonzo zombane koomasipala ngokweenkqubo zesizwe nephondo.
Ukunikezela ngeenkonzo zoluntu koomasipala ngokweenkqubo zesizwe nephondo.
Amaseko angaphakathi ezibonelelo kwezeNjineli zoMbane linikezela ngenkxaso kwezobuchwepheshe nobunjineli kwezombane koomasipala.
liqwalasela kwaye linika iingxelo malunga neeprojekthi zikamasipala kunye neenkqubo.
liqwalasela kwaye linika iingxelo malunga neenkqubo zolondolozo zikamasipala.
liqwalasela kwaye linika iingxelo malunga neeprojekthi zikamasipala kunye neenkqubo.
liqwalasela kwaye linika iingxelo malunga neenkqubo zolondolozo zikamasipala.
Icandelo lesicwangciso samaseko ezibonelelo zangaphakathi linoxanduva lokuphuhlisa nokumilisela isixokelelwano solwazi lwejografi, ukunikezela inkxaso ngoyilo kwezobuchwepheshe koomasipala, kunye nokuphuhlisa iinkqubo zoxhotyiso lwangaphakathi. Likwanikezela ngezobuchwepheshe kunye nenkxaso kwiinkqubo zeMSP, LED neIDP.
<fn>GOV-ZA.79977.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
INkulumbuso uRasool uthethe neenkokeli zamaRhilikwa nosapho lwalo Kumkani evakalisa uvelwano lwePhondo ngokusishiya kwayo.
INkulumbuso uRasool ithe: uKumkani lo ubengumntu othobekileyo, ozibophelele kakhulu ebantwini bakhe nakwindima ayidlalileyo kwezembali. Ubesoloko esebenzela abantu bakhe, nkqu nangexesha ebesele aluphele akazange ayeke ukuya kumaBhunga eeNduna, kananjalo engazange ayeke nokukhokela (abantu bakhe).
UKumkani wesibini ule Fleur wayeyiqonda imfuneko yokwenza ibango lezinto zobuni nobuzwe bakhe zamandulo. Ifuthe lenkqubo yokuthinjwa kwemihlaba neyocalu-calulo nokucalulwa kaBantu bokuQala beli Phondo kunye neminombo yabo alinakulinganiswa nanto. Ngenxa yoku ke, le minombo inendima ebalulekileyo eyidlalayo yokusidibanisa nembali yethu njengabantu bokuqala base-Afrika kwaye iyasimanya sibe nengqiniseko nethemba lekamva elizayo. Kufuneka sakhe iKhaya loMntu Wonke elisekeke kwintobeko, ubulungisa nasekubandakanyeni wonk' ubani.
URhulumente wePhondo kunye neenkokeli zamaRhilikwa uya kunxibelelana nosapho ukuze kwenziwe amalungiselelo omngcwabo ale Kumkani. Oku kuya kube kwaziswe ekuhambeni kwethuba.
<fn>GOV-ZA.80795.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Inkqubo Yokunikezelwa Kobuxhaka-xhaka Bobugcisa Kumakhosikazi Akushishino ingumvuka wentsebenziswano phakathi kweSebe Leentengiso Noshishino, iSebe Lezimbiwa Namandla kwakunye neCSIR ngonyaka ka-1998 ngeenjongo zokunceda ekuphakanyisweni kwamakhosikazi akushishino. Ukugxininisa kwale nkqubo ekusetyenzisweni kwenzululwazi nobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhula koshishino kumashishini akhokelwa ngamakhosikazi, ingakumbi amashishini amancinci, aphakathi kwanalawo makhulu.
ukuvezwa kwamakhosikazi aseMzantsi Afrika nokwaziswa kwawo kwiintshukumo zenzululwazi nobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa behlabathi ukubonakaliswa kwanokuthatyathwa kwexesha kusandiswa ubuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa ukufukanywa kwamashishini asakhulayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.80795.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkqubo Yokunikezelwa Kobuxhaka-xhaka Bobugcisa Kumakhosikazi Akushishino ingumvuka wentsebenziswano phakathi kweSebe Leentengiso Noshishino, iSebe Lezimbiwa Namandla kwakunye neCSIR ngonyaka ka-1998 ngeenjongo zokunceda ekuphakanyisweni kwamakhosikazi akushishino. Ukugxininisa kwale nkqubo ekusetyenzisweni kwenzululwazi nobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhula koshishino kumashishini akhokelwa ngamakhosikazi, ingakumbi amashishini amancinci, aphakathi kwanalawo makhulu.
ukufukanywa kwamashishini asakhulayo.
I-TWIB ikwabonelela ngezifundo zoqeqesho kumacandelo athile.
I-TWIB ikwabamba umnyhadala wamabhaso minyaka le ukunakana nokuvuza amakhosikazi asebenzise ngempumelelo ubugcisa obububo ukuphucula intsebenzo yamashishini awo. Umnyhadala Wamabhaso eTWIB ka-2004 uya kubanjwa ngomhla wethoba apha kweyeThupha ku-2004.
Ophumelele ngo-2004 ibingu-Isabelle Rorke, umseki we-Anamazing Workshop - eyinkampani enobuchule bokwenza abalinganiswa abazizilwanyana neyilayo.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ngokhuphiswano luka-2005, tyelela iwebsite ye-Technology for Women in Business.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.80814.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
iSAWEN liqumrhu elinjongo ikukusebenzisana kwabantu nemibutho ezinikele ekuphuhliseni nasekuphuculeni amakhosikazi angoosomashishini. Eli ke liphulo le-dti elinjongo ikukumela nokuvakalisa iminqweno yawo onke amanina angabanini bamashishini (asele esebenza nalawo angekabikho) kwicandelo lamashishini asakhasayo, akhulayo nalawo asele emile.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.81134.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana linikezela ngolwazi kubazali kwimiba yokugonyelwa imasisi nepoliyo. Lakhutshwa njengengxenye yePhulo Lokugonya elaliqhutywa ukusukela kwinyanga yeKhala ukuya kweyoMsintsi ku-2004.
Imasisi le sesona sifo sinobuzaza kuzo zonke izifo ezithi zihlasele abantwana. Uphawu lokuqala ngumkhuhlane okwizinga eliphezulu olandelwa yirhwashalala erhawuzelayo emzimbeni wonke. Lo mkhuhlane ukwalandelwa kukukhohlela, iimpumlo ezivuzayo kwakunye namehlo abomvu. Imasisi le ingabangela ezinye izifo ezinobuzaza, ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga, ukungaboni nokusweleka.
Ibangelwa yintoni imasisi le yona?
Imasisi ibangelwa ligciwane elincinci yintsholongwane yemasisi. Ayibonakali ngeliso lenyama. Isasazeka xa umntwana ophila nemasisi ekhohlela okanye ethimla. Abantwana abakhe banayo imasisi abaphindi babe nayo okwesibini. Abantwana abaninzi abayigonyelwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo imasisi abayi kuhlaselwa yiyo.
Kutheni isisifo enobuzaza nje imasisi?
Abantwana abaselula, abathi bayoyise imasisi le baye baye baqhokrwe sesi sifo yaye bangathi ekuhambeni kwexesha babulawe kukungondleki okanye zezinye izifo. Imasisi le ikwayenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo nokungaboni. Ikota yabo bonke bonke abantwana abathi babulawa yimasisi basutywe kukufa bebudala bungaphantsi konyaka. Imasisi kubantwana abadadlana kunoku ivela kuphela njengokugqabhuka kwesi sifo, xa amaqela amaninzi abantwana bethi bahlaselwe sesi sifo ngaxesha-nye.
Umngcipheko wokugqabhuka kwesifo imasisi uba mkhulu xa amaqela abantwana ehlangana kunye umzekelo kumakhaya agcina iintsana, kumaziko anonophela iintsana nasezikolweni.
Ingaba kubalulekile na ukugonya abantwana kumaphulo okunqanda esi sifo?
Ewe - KUBALULEKILE ukusa abantwana kwiinaliti EZIZEZINYE ngexesha lephulo lokunqanda ukugqabhuka kwesi sifo. Abantwana abathi baphosane neli phulo lokunqanda imasisi banokungakhuseleki ngokugqibeleleyo kule ntsholongwane yemasisi.
Ndive ukuba abazali okanye abantu abagcina abantwana kufuneka baye kutyikitya iphetshana elinikezela imvume yokufakwa kwale naliti yesibini ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe nokuyigonyelwa okweisibini. Ingaba yinyaniso le?
Ukuba umntwana lowo uza kugonyelwa esikolweni okanye kwikhaya eligcina linonophele iintsana okanye isikolo apho umzali angekhoyo ngexesha lolu gonyo, kuya kunikezelwa ngephetshana elifuna ukugcwaliswa ngemvume yomzali okanye umgcini-mntwana ngaphambi kolo gonyo. Eli xesha ke lithuba lokunika abazali ulwazi olupheleleyo ngale naliti yesibini yokukhusela umntwana kwimasisi.
Kule meko ke, ukuba uthi uluvumele olu gonyo, nceda ugcwalise ze utyikitye ze uyibuyisele kwakhona kweli ziko okanye kwesi sikolo. Umntwana lowo wakho ke uya kuthi alufumane ugonyo olo ukuba elo phepha lemvume lityikityiwe ze labuyiswa kwangethuba!
Ukuba uthi use umntwana kwiziko logonyo ngethuba leli phulo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ugcwalise eli phetshana linikezela ngemvume.
Ipoliyo le sisifo esikhubazayo. Ibangelwa ligciwane elincinci kakhulu elibizwa ngokuba yintsholongwane yepoliyo. Ipoliyo le ingakhokelela ekuqhwaleleni isigxina, ukukhubazeka ze ekugqibeleni ikubulale. Nnenxa ke yolu gonyo lwenziwa ngamaxesha athile ebuntwaneni, apoliyo leikhe ayabonakala apha eMzantsi Afrika ukususela ngo-1989. Noko kunjalo kebekukhe kwakho ugqabhuko lwesi sifo kumazwe angabamelwane.
Ndingayinakana njani ipoliyo emntwaneni?
Ipoliyo le ingakrokreleka xa kuthe ngesiquphe umlenze okanye ingalo okanye amanye amalungu omzimba aphelelwa ngamandla okanye awakwazi ukusebenza. Oku kungasebenzi kumele ukuba akuzange kubekho ekuzalweni kwakho. Ukuba umntu lowo wayonzakele ngaphambi nje kakade phambi koku kungasebenzi okanye umntu lowo unembali yokungazinzi entloko, ambalwa amathuba okuba kuthi yipoliyo imbangi yoko kungasebenzi.
Nceda unikezele ingxelo nangayiphi na imeko yokungasebenzi okanye ukukhubazeka kwamalungu omzimba womntwana ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu ubudala (okungabangelwanga kukonzakala), kweyona klinikhi, sibhedlele okanye gqirha ukufutshane ukuze kwenziwe uphando. Kusenokuba yipoliyo!
Kutheni sinamaphulo awodwa okugonyela ipoliyo?
Senzeka ukugonya KABINI ngaphezu kolo lokuqala ugonyo kwelona nani labantwana likhulu, NGAXESHA-NYE. Oku ke kuthintela le ntsholongwane yepoliyo ekubeni isasazeke apha ebantwaneni.
Abantu bayathetha ngokupheliswa kwepoliyo, kuthetha ntoni oko?
uMzantsi Afrika uthabatha inxaxheba kwiinzame zokuphelisa ipoliyo kwihlabathi jikelele. Oku kuthetha ukuba le ntsholongwane iya kupheliswa nya kwihlabathi ngokubanzi. Xa le ntsholongwane yepoliyo ingasaphili, akuyi kuba yimfuneko ukuba abantwana bafumane ukugonyelwa ipoliyo.
Ingaba kubalulekile ukusa abantwana kumjikelo wokuqala nowesibini wephulo lokugonyela ipoliyo?
Ewe - KUBALULEKILE ukusa abantwana kumjikelo wokuqala KWANALOWO wesibini weli phulo lokugonyela ipoliyo, nokuba umntwana lowo ebekufumana kakuhle ukugonyelwa ipoliyo ngaphambili. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhuseleka kwabantwana kule ntsholongwane yepoliyo, amathontsi epoliyo kufuneka anikezelwe KABINI. Abantwana abathi bawuphose umjikelo wesibini abayi kukhuseleka ngokugqibeleleyo kule ntsholongwane yepoliyo.
Kwilizwe jikelele, iintsuku zokuqala zala maphulo ku-2004 ziya kuba ngumhla wama- 26 kwinyanga yeKhala (ezepoliyo nemasisi); ze ibe ngumhla wama-kweyeThupha (eyepoliyo kuphela). Ixesha eliza kuthatyathwa ngala maphulo liya kwahluka ngokwephondo.
Kutheni sinamaphulo okugonyela ipoliyo nemasisi nepoliyo nje?
Ukenzela ukuba sikwazi ukwenza olunye ugonyo lwemasisi nepoliyo ebantwaneni kangangoko sinakho, NGAXESHA-NYE. Oku ke kuthintela le ntsholongwane yepoliyo ukuba isasazeke ebantwaneni.
Kutheni lo mgonyo wongezelelekileyo wemasisi nepoliyo yenzelwe amaqela abantwana abakwiminyaka ethile kuphela nje?
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala lelona qela labantwana lihlaselwa kakhulu yimasisi nepoliyo ze badlulisele kwabanye le ntsholongwane.
Ingaba olu gonyo lwangeziweyo lwemasisi nepoliyo lwenzelwe kuphela abantwana abangazange bazigonyelwe ezi zifo ngaphambilil?
Akunjalo! Bonke abantwana ababudala busukela lkusuku lokubeleka ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu bathi bafumane olu gonyo lwamaphulo ANGEZIWEYO okugonya.
Ingaba kufuneka ndiye phi ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wam akakuphosi ukugonywa kwixesha elizayo?
Thetha nomongikazi weklinikhi yakho, iinkokheli zasekuhlaleni kwakunye nabaqeshi ngeli phulo. Khangela okanye ujonge amaphetshana azisa ngogonyo kwanezibhengezo kunomathotholo eziya kwalathisa indlela eya kwisikhululo sogonyo.
Kuya kuthi kwenziwa iinzame ezizezinye ukusondeza iindawo ekwenziwa kuzo olu gonyo emakhayeni enu ngexesha leli phulo. Usenakho nokuya kwiklinikhi ekufutshane nawe. Amaqela agonyayo aya kutyelela amaziko ononophelo lwempilo asemini, amakhaya anonophela iintsana ndawonye nezikolo ngexesha leli phulo.
Ingaba kufuneka ndize nekhadi logonyo lomntwana wam?
Kunjalo, nceda uze nalo. Kubalulekile ukusoloko usiza nekhadi lakho nelomntwana wakho logonyo xa usiya eklinikhi okanye kugqirha. La makhadi ke asenokujongwa ngexesha lomnye wale mijikelo yogonyo. Kodwa ke nokuba kunokuthi kanti umntwana wakho ulilahlile elakhe okanye akazange abe nalo, nceda umse kugonyo.
Yintoni endiza kuyifumana kwindawo yogonyo?
Uya kubuzwa ukuba umntwana lowo ukwelo qela lifunwayo lobudala na. Njengokuba umphethe umntwana wakho, umntwana lowo uya kunikwa amathontsi abe mabini ze aphinde anikwe amanye ukuba uthi awatshice la wokuqala. Inaliti eyongezelelweyo yokugonyela imasisi iya kunikwa abantwana ababudala busukela kwiinyanga ezilithoba ukuya ngaphantsi nje kweminyaka emihlanu, ze kwangolo suku banikwe nala mathontsi okuthintela ipoliyo.
Ingaba umntwana angalufumana ugonyo?
Ewe, bonke abantwana bangalufumana ugonyo nokuba sele benomkhuhlane, ukhohlo-khohllo, isifo sorhudo, ukungondleki okanye nasiphi na isigulo.
Ukuba ungathanda ukuncedisa ekuphelisweni kwemasisi nepoliyo eMzantsi Afrika, nantsi indlela onokwenza ngayo oko okanye yokuzimanya.
Qhagamshelana neyona klinikhi yakho ikufutshane ze uthethe nayo. Kuya kubakho umongikazi oya kube ejongene nesi sikhululo sokugonya ngexesha lephulo lokugonya. AMAVOLONTIYA aya kunikwa imisebenzi.
Xelela wonke umntu ngeli phulo ze uqinisekise ukuba bayabazisa abantwana babo.
Amaphulo okugonyela imasisis nepoliyo ngamathuba okuzibandakanya kwiinzame zokuqinisekisa ukuba sempilweni kwabantwana bakho kwanekamva labo!
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<fn>GOV-ZA.8115.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iKomiti Yeelwimi zeNtshona Kapa iKomishoni Yenkcubeko yeNtshona Kapa iZiko Elijongene Lemveli leNtshona Kapa iKomiti yeNtshona Kapa Yamagama Eendawo iCandelo Eliyintloko Kwimicimbi Yenkcubeko linikezela ngeenkonzo kwimiba enento yokwenza nenkcubeko, ilifa lemveli, ubugcisa, amaziko olondolozo lwembali, iilwimi, amathala eencwadi noovimba-mpepha.
Ukufundisa nokuxhobisa ngezakhono uluntu ekuhlaleni ukuze lube nokuchonga, lulondoloze ze luphuhlise izibonelelo zelifa lemveli ngendlela elondolozayo.
Ukwandisa ukuzibandakanya kwabemi beli (ingakumbi ulutsha, amanina kwakunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo) kwiinkqubo zobugcisa, ezenkcubeko nezelifa lemveli.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto esithe saziqokelela kwanemiboniso yethu ibonakalisa ukutyeba kwenkcubeko yethu kwakunye nembali ezambathisa zonke zonke iintlanga eziphila apha eNtshona Koloni.
Ukukhuthaza nokuphuhlisa ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo eNtshona Koloni.
Ukunikezela ngenkonzo yamathala eencwadi oluntu ngentsebenziswano namanye amanqanaba karhulumente ngokuthi kunikezelwe impahla yamathala eencwadi efundisayo, enikezela ngolwazi neyonwabisayo kwakunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba uluntu lufikelela simahla kwimpahla yamathala eencwadi abayifunayo.
Ukuba nenkonzo yokugcina nokulondoloza iincwadi namaphepha elulutho eluntwini nenesidima.
Uxanduva nemisebenzi yeli Candelo Liyintloko ilawulwa yile mithetho ithiwe thaca kule miyalelo nemigaqo ilandelayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.8115.services.11438.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Isidingo sokuba kuhlenga-hlengiswe eli candelo lomculo sabonwa ziimvumi ezazikhathazwayo yile meko, kodwa ke zazingafumani nkxaso kurhulumente ngaphambili. Ukugula kukaMnumzana Robbie Jansen, sisthwalandwe somculo opholileyo saseKapa, wathi kwakhona waphakamisa izimvo zeemvumi. Ezi zikhalazo ke zaziquka: amalungelo eemvumi,, ukusekwa kwengxowa-mali yenkxaso, kwakunye, ukungafumani mhlala-phantsi neenzuzo zonyango kweemvumi.
Uncedo-mali luyafumaneka ngemisebenzi yobuchule nenkcubeko eyenziwa yimibutho yezenkcubeko. Imisebenzi le kufuneka ijongane nophuhliso lwemveliso nezixhobo zotyelelo lwezenkcubeko nolobutyebi.
Uncedo lwezimali luyafumaneka ngemisebenzi yobuchule nenkcubeko eyenziwe yimibutho yezenkcubeko. Imisebenzi le kufuneka igxininise kuphuhliso, ukugcinwa nokukhula kwenkcubeko nobutyebi.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.8115.services.11440.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ukuze ube uyawuhlonipha umthetho iNational Heritage Resources Act, nabani na onomnqweno wokulungisa izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo kwiimbali zethu kufuneka athumele isicelo semvume kwiBhunga Elijongene Nelifa Lemvelo leNtshona Kapa. Isakhiwo esibalulekileyo kwiimbali sichazwa njengesakhiwo esiminyaka ingaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu sikho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.8115.services.11441.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Le nkonzo inikezelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngentsebenziswano neNkonzo Yethala Leencwadi yeNtshona Koloni. Amathala eencwadi ngamaziko olwazi kubantwana nabantu abadala. Uluntu lunakho ukufumana okanye luboleke iincwadi, iincwadi ezincedisa ekufundiseni, amacwecwe omculo, imiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, amacwecwe okugcina ulwazi, amaphepha-ndaba kwakunye namaphepha aveliswa ngamaxesha athile kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nabo.
Inkonzo yeWebPALS isebenzisana namathala eencwadi alawulwa nguRhulemente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni futhi awawaquki amathala eencwadi aphantsi kolawulo lweSixeko saseKapa.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.8118.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.8133.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
KwezeMidlalo noLonwabo kujongwe ukuziswa kwemidlalo nezolonwabo eziya kuthi zingenelele endaweni yolwaphulo-mthetho kwiindawo zoluntu oluhlelelekileyo kwiNtshona Koloni.
Umgaqo-nkqubo weMidlalo yeZikolo ukuphucula ubudlelwane phakathi kwezizwe zehlabathi ukuze kube nokuphuhliswa imidlalo nolonwabo eNtshona Koloni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.81401.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Digital black and white ultrasound unit.
Enquiries: Mrs M. Ludick, Tel.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.8189.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ukwazisa ulutsha ngenkcubeko.
Likwakhuthaza, ligcine libe liphuhlise nenkcubeko nelifa lemveli kweli phondo ngokwamacandelo amane: eleeNkonzo zoMyuziyam, eleeNkonzo zeNkcubeko, iYunithi yeeLwimi noLawulo lweZibonelelo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.8248.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Imidlalo yeSikolo ijonge ukukhuthaza nokuphuhlisa imidlalo yesikolo ngokwenza iinkqubo eziqinisekisa kuthathwa inxaxheba luninzi lwabantu, uphuhliso lweetalente olulungelelanisiweyo, ukuhlanganiswa kwemidlalo yezikolo, kwanolawulo olululo kwimidlalo yezikolo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.8284.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eleshishini Lengqolowa iCandelo Leenkonzo Zamaziko Olondolozo Lwembali aseNtshona Koloni linikezela ngenkxaso nangenkonzo yeengcebiso kumaziko olondolozo lwembali angama-28 alapha eNtshona Koloni.
Iinjongo zeCandelo Leenkonzo Zamaziko Olondolozo Lwembali kukulondoloza, ukugcina nokuphakamsia ilifa lemveli laseNtshona Koloni ngokusebenzisa la maziko olondolozo lwembali ahlanganiswe nalo.
iCandelo Leenkonzo Zamaziko Olondolozo Lwembali liquka amacandelwana amathathu angala - Elolawulo Nenkonzo Yenkxaso, Elenkonzo Yenzululwazi Nelobuxhakaxhaka Bonxibelelwano - macandelwana anikezela ngenkonzo yenkxaso neyeengcebiso kula maziko angama-28 ahlanganisiweyo kweli Phondo. La maziko olondolozo lwembali aquka amaziko olondolozo lwembali ephondo, alishumi elinethoba axhaswa ngurhulumente wephondo ngezimali kwakunye namahlanu eengingqi, yaye asetyenziswa ngabantu abaphantse bafike kwisigidi ntsuku zonke.
La maziko olondolozo lwembali angama-28 adinga uthotho lweenkonzo kweli Candelo Leenkonzo Zamaziko Olondolozo Lwembali, ingakumbi xa kuziwa kumcimbi wophando kwakunye nemiboniso emitsha enento yokwenza neenguqu.
kulawulo lwecandelo Leenkonzo Zamaziko Olondolozo Lwembali kwakunye namanye ala maziko ahlanganisiweyo kulawulo lokulandwa kwempahla yala maziko ekuvelisweni kwemiboniso kwiinkqubo ezenzelwe uluntu kwakunye nobudlelwane namaziko ahlanganisiweyo.
Eli Candelo ke likwanikezela nangenkxaso ngemiba enento yokwenza neenkqubo zokwazisa ngala maziko ahlanganisiweyo.
iCandelo Lweenkonzo Zamaziko Olondolozo Lwembali kunikezelwa ngezbonelelo zoluntu kwakunye nenkxaso yezibonelelo zoluntu ukuhlanganiswa nokuqhutywa kweenkqubo zoqeqesho ukunikezelwa kweenkxaso-mali nezibonelelo zoncedo loluntu ukwenziwa kwamacebo okuthengisa la maziko kuluntu iCandelo Leenkonzo Zamaziko Olondolozo Lwembali ukuqulunqwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo lokulandwa kwempahla yala maziko uphando nokubhalela imiboniso inkxaso ekuqulunqweni kweenkqubo zemfundo noqeqesho iCandelo Leenkonzo Zobuxhakaxhaka Bonxibelelwano kula Maziko inkxaso ekuqulunqweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo neetshukumo zolondolozo oluthintelayo ulondolozo olungenelelayo ukuyilw nokuveliswa kwemiboniso emitsha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.82892.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Namhlanje ndandlala iBhili yeKomishoni yoLutsha yeNtshona Koloni kwiPalamente yePhondo. Ngelishwa ke kusithathe iminyaka elishumi ukuza kufikelela kule ndawo, kodwa iBhili yona iya kunceda ekusomelezeni njengeko sijongene nemingeni yedikheyidi elandelayo. Ingade ibe igqibeke kade nje, kodwa xa bekungenjalo ibingayi kufika ngexesha elibaluleke kangakanana lonyaka weshumi wenkululeko.
Lo Rhulumente uziqonda kakuhle iingxaki olujongene nazo ulutsha mihla le.
UPhando lweSizwe olumalunga noMgcipheko ophathelele kwiNdlela yokuziPhatha yoLutsha lwango-2002 apho kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-9.
UPhando lweSizwe olumalunga noMgcipheko ophathelele kwiNdlela yokuziPhatha yoLutsha lwango-2002 apho kwafunyaniswa ukuba ama-37.
Ukuba ngaba sakha iKhaya loMntu Wonke, ngoko ke ulutsha kufuneka lungabi yinxalenye nje kuphela yeli Khaya, koko kufuneka lube yinxalenye ephambili.
IKhaya loMntu Wonke kufuneka lisebenze njengesiqinisekiso sekamva.
Isiqinisekiso sezakhono ezitsha.
Isiqinisekiso somsebenzi owongezelelekileyo.
Isiqinisekiso sobudlelwane obungcono ebantwini.
Isiqinisekiso sokunikwa ingqalelo.
Le Bhili siyithe thaca kwiPalamente ngexesha ebalisikiwe. Ndifuna ukubulela, ndincome abayili bayo abathe baphanda babe bayiphononnga imithetho eyeleleneyo kwisizwe siphela baza baphuma nale mveliso ixabiseke kangakanana yeli Phondo.
Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba sinako ukuyimisela le Komishoni lo nyaka nje ingasikuba kungenxa yezopolitiko esithe sazibonaklisa ngazo, koko kube kwangenxa yezinto esithe sazonga ezithundeze iinkqubo zikaRhulumente, ke ngoko, sitsho size nezibonelelo esizifunayo. Eli Phondo alizange khe lenze luHlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweKomishoni yoLutsha ngaphambili.
Le Bhili yeminye yimiba ephambili efunwa ukuqwalaselwa kwezi ntsuku zili-100 zokuqala. Kambe, kodwa ke isenexesha elide lokuba iqwalaselwe, kwaye kufuneka ibe yinxalenye yenguqu kulo Rhulumente uthundeza ukubeka izinto ngokomgangatho, ukuquka wonk' ubani kwanozinzo.
Le Bhili iya kuba kwigazethi kwixesha elizayo. Ngoko ke inkqubo le ilungiselelwe uluntu ukuba luthathe inxaxheba, lubonisane neKomiti eSigxina malunga noLawulo phantsi koSihlalo uPatrick McKenzie ze ekugqibeleni yamkelwe yiPalemente ukuze ndisebenze ngayo.
Ndimemelela ulutsha lweli Phondo ukuba luyixhase le nkqubo kananjalo lube nefuthe kuMthetho ekugqitywayo ngawo ngokweendlela eziya kwenza iimfuno zakho zisetyenzwe ngendlela engcono. Kufuneka nizibone ninobumnini ngandlela zonke njengoko isisixhobo senu ukwakha iKhaya loMntu Wonke. Yihlalutyeni, nibonisane nixoxe ngale Bhili. Zandlaleni iingcamango zenu kwiKomiti eSigxina, khon' ukuze ke ngoko le Bhili ibe nguMthetho, ngenxa yokuba isisiphumo seengxoxo-mpikiswano, kwanokubonisana kwenu ngokunjalo.
Indima yeKomishoni yoLutsha ephakanyisiweyo iya kuba kukunceda ngocwangciso lukaRhulumente ze emva koko ibeke iliso ivavanye neenkqubo zikaRhulumente ngokweziphumo njengoko zichaphazela ulutsha. Kananjalo iya kubanoxanduva lokukhuthaza umanyano phakathi kolutsha nobuthandazwe nokusebenza njengekhonkco kwiSizwe, amanye amaqurhu olutsha ePhondo naweeNqila.
Le Bhili iyinkqubela ephambili yomthetho iNational Youth Commission Act, mthetho lowo uya kuba ujolise kwezentlalo nezopolitiko ngokubhekiselele ekwakheni isizwe. IKomishoni yoLutsha yeNtshona Koloni yakhele phezu kwesi siseko ukwenzela ukuba ulutsha luthathe inxaxheba ngokucacileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwezentlalo nezoqoqosho, oko kusenziwa kujoliswe kwizinto zokwenene zoqoqosho ndawonye nakwizakhono ezifanelekileyo nezifunekayo.
Lumi ngolu hlobo ulwakhiwo lwequmrhu olucetywayo lweKomishoni, ngamalungu amathathu aza kusebenza isigxina ze angabi ngaphezu kwesithandathu amalungu aya kusebenza ngokungesosigxina, kukho kuwo iGosa leSigqeba soLawulo eliyiNtloko. Ezi nkokeli ziselula kufuneka zikulungele kwaye zizimisele kananjalo ukuba ngabameli beli Phondo. Kufuneka babonise umfanekiso okuqapheleyo ukuhluka ngokwesini, ngokobuhlanga, ngokwenkolo zeli Phondo xa kusakhiwa iqumrhu elo naxa kusetyenzwa.
Indima yeDesika yoLutsha yePhondo kuya kufuneka itshintshe nayo ukuze ixhase olu lwakhiwo lutsha nomsebenzi wayo obalulekileyo. Oku kuya kuba ngowona mxholo ekuya kuxhentswa phantsi kwayo yiKomishoni entsha ndawonye noRhulumente.
IKomishoni yoLutsha yePhondo ayizange kwaye ayingeze ibe yengenzanga nto. Ekulungiseleleni iNdibano enkulu yokuKhulisa nokuPhuhlisa kwavela kwacaca ukuba kufuneka siyiqonde imfuneko yokuxhotyiswa kolutsha, kungoko kwenziwa le Ndibano inkulu yoPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho yoLutsha ngaphambi kwe-GDS kwaneengxoxo ezathi zalandela kunye namaqumrhu olutsha ngokubhekiselele ekugcineni indawo apho lunokuviwa luxhaswe khona ulutsha.
Xa sivala - iKomishoni yoLutsha yeNtshona Koloni kufuneka ithumele uphawu olucacileyo kubemi beli abaselula.
Ukuyibeka ngendlela efanelekileyo, uphuhliso lolutsha nezinto zalo zifakiwe kwi-ajenda yalo Rhulumente.
Ninendima ebalulekileyo nephambili ekwakheni iKhaya loMntu Wonke, kwanokwakha nelenu iKhaya kananjalo. Siyifunile indawo oya kusizela nayo lo Mthetho kwanokuze nibe ngabemi beli phondo esifna nibe ngabo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.82940.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
kuqeqeshwe abantu abatsha njengamapolisa emizila kaloliwe kwiKholeji Yoqeqesho yasePhillipi kusetyenziswe amavolontiya ahlawulwayo eBambanani ukuze ancede amapolisa emizila kaloliwe.
Ukhuseleko koololiwe luye lwangumba odla umzi kakhulu ixesha elide, ze kwafikelelwa esigqibeni ngenyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2004 ukuzama ukuphinda kuziswe amapolisa emizila kaloliwe koololiwe kwilizwe lonke, kuqalwe ngesixeko saseKapa. Amapolisa amatsha emizila kaloliwe, aya kuba ngaphantsi kweNkonzo Yamapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika, futhi kufuneka kuqala afumane uqeqesho phambi kokuba athunyelwe koololiwe. Ngaphezu kwekhulu labantu abadonga uqeqesho baqalise ngoqeqesho lwabo kwiKholeji Yoqeqesho yasePhillipi kwakweli thuba leentsuku zokuqala ezilikhulu.
IPhulo leBambanani Lokhuseleko Koololiwe elisebenzayo ngoku, elibandakanya amavolontiya ajongene nokhuseleko koololiwe, likhokelele ekuhleni kweentshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho koololiwe ngexa bekusenziwa inkqubo yovavanyo ngexesha leNkqubo Yokhuseleko Ngexesha Leeholide Zehlobo eqale ngenyanga yoMnga ngo-2003 ukuza kuma ngenyanga yoMqungu kulo nyaka. La mavolontiya aza kuqhubekeka esebenza, ehlawulwa de amapolisa amatsha oololiwe abe abekwe ngendlela eyiyo.
Njengoko amahlomela-dolophu nezixeko kummandla wenqila yeNtshona Koloni ekhula ngokwengingqi yomhlaba nangokwamanani abantu, kukho isidingo sokongezwa kwezikhululo zamapolisa ukuze kugcinwe uxolo ngelixa loku kukhula.
Xa iNkonzo Yophando Yenkonzo Yamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika yayisakhiwa ngokutsha, kwabakho iingcinga zokuba iCandelo Lokhuseleko Lwabantwana liya kususwa ze endaweni yalo kubekwe amacandelo Obundlobongela Elusatsheni, Ukhuseleko Lwabantwana Nokuphathwa Gadalala Ngokwesondo (iiFCS ngamafuphi). La macandelo ebeya kufakwa kwizikhululo zamapolisa kube ke ngoko kusondezwa ubuchwepheshe beli candelo eluntwini.
Ngokuvulwa kwala macandelo matsha aphezulu apha kweli khulu lokuqala leentsuku, kufuneka ngoku kubekho icandelo leFCS elikufutshane nazo zonke izikhululo zamapolisa zaseNtshona Koloni.
Abasebenzi kula macandelo eFCS anobuchwepheshe bokumelana neentshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho lokuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo ezenziwe kubantwana nakubantu ababhinqileyo, njengoko benoqeqesho olubanceda ekuphandeni la matyala ngendlela eyiyo kwangelixa baqwalasela iimfuno zamaxhoba.
Ubukho babathengisi nabathubelezisi beziyobisi ezitalatweni kukhuthaza ukungahlonelwa kwamapolisa nomthetho. Kuye kwakho ithemba ke lokuba abathathu kwaba bathengisi nabathubelezisi beziyobisi baya kubanjwa bavalelwe kweli thuba lekhulu lokuqala leentsuku. Kuye ke kwabanjwa kwavalelwa ngempumelelo ababini kwaba bathengisi nabathubelezisi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.82948.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
URhulumente wephondo leNtshona Koloni uwabeke phantsi kweliso lakhe elibanzi onke amaphulo ephondo eNkqubo Eyandisiweyo yeSebe Lemisebenzi Yoluntu phantsi kwegama elinye, iSaamstaan, ekhokelwa nguMphathiswa weSebe Lemisebenzi Yoluntu Nothutho uMcebisi Skwatsha, ze yaphehlelelwa nguMongameli ngomhla wesibini apha kwinyanga yoMsintsi ku-2004.
INkqubo iSaamstaan iya kuquka amaphulo achanekileyo achongwe kumasebe karhulumente wephondo noomspala. Enye yeyona miba ibaluleke kakhulu kule nkqubo iya kuba kukuqeqeshwa, apho abantu abangaphangeliyo baya kufunda izakhono abanokuzisebenzisa. Amanye amaphulo sele ziqhuba yaye kufuneka zandisiwe; ezinye zenzelwe kanye ukudalela amathuba emisebenzi abemi baseNtshona Koloni.
Eyona nto kujongwe kuyo ayingomaphulo okwakhiwa kweendlela namanye amaziko nje kuphela, koko namagalelo ayenziwa ngamacandelo Ezolimo, Elezendalo najongene nemiba yoluntu kwanokugcinwa nokulondolozwa kwezakhiwo zikarhulumente, izikolo, iiklinikhi nezindlu. Amakhonco entsebenziswano phakathi kweenkampani zabucala norhulumente nawo ayasetyernziswa njengenye indlela yokufumana inxaso-mali.
iBambanani (yeSebe Lokhuseleko Loluntu).
URhulumente wephondo wazinikele ekudaleni ubuncinci amathuba emisebenzi noqeqesho alikhulu elinamashumi amabini amawaka kwiminyaka nje emihlanu kuMhlangano wephondo owawungoKukhula Nophuhliso, ngenyanga yeNkanga ku-2003, futhi iSaamstaan sisiqalo sokufezekiswa kweso sithembiso.
Ishishini leetaxi eziziiminibus lelinye lawona mashishini adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kuthutho lukawonke-wonke, njengoko luthutha amashumi amane anesihlanu eepesenti zabakhweli kweli phondo ze babe ngamashumi amathandathu eepesenti kuzwe-lonke. Kodwa ke, eli iselishishini elingekho sesikweni, elingenasicwangciso-qhinga sicacile sokunyuka futhi likhule kwimalike yalo ze liphuhlise nendima yalo eluntwini, futhi lisebenzisane necandelo loshishino ukuphakamisa nokunyusa ingeniso yamalungu alo.
kusekwe isiseko nombindi wolawulo weli shishini leeminibus taxis kudalwe indawo yokusebenzela apho imiba echaphazela eli shishini iya kushukuxwa isebenze "njengondlunkulu" weBhunga leeTaxi lePhondo leNtshona Koloni lisebenze njengeZiko Loqeqesho lamanyathelo ePhondo naweSizwe Oqeqesho kuthekelelwe futhi kulungiselelwe umfanekiso wobumbano nentsebenziswano kwishishini leeminibus taxi ngokubanzi isebenze njengesikhundla apho eli shishini linokusebenzisana futhi libumbane nawo onke amacandelo achaphazelekayo namanye anendima ayidlalayo kuthutho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.82952.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kubekho izigulana ezingamawaka amane namakhulu ezifumana amachiza onyango lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo (ii-ARVs ngamafuphi) mihla le kumaziko onyango anagamashumi amabini anesithathu, nani elo elenyuke ukusuka kumawaka amabini anamakhulu amathathu namashumi amathathu anesixhenxe ekupheleni kwenyanga yoKwindla apha ku-2004, kudlulwa lee kwinani ebekujoliswe kulo elingamawaka amathathu ezigulana elamiselwa eli khulu lokuqala leentsuku yiNkulumbuso. Elona ziko likhulu lonyango likwisibhedlele iTygerberg, apho izigulana ezingamakhulu amane anamashumi amathandathu anesine zifumana khona unyango.
Inkqubo yeNtshona Koloni yamachiza okunyanga intsholongwane kaGawulayo iceba ukuseka amaziko amachiza onyango lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo angamashumi amathathu anesithandathu ngenyanga yoKwindla kunyaka ka-2005 ze ibonelele ngala machiza ntsuku zonke kwizigulana ezingamawaka amathandathu (ezithelekelelwa ukuba zisisiqingatha sezo zidinga olu nyango) ngenyanga yoKwindla ngo-2005.
Le nkqubo yokunikezelwa kwala machiza okulwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo yaqala kumaziko ezempilo anezixhobo ezifanelekileyo nabasebenzi baseklinikhi abanamava adingekayo, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba la machiza eqale anikezelwa kwizibhedlele ezikhulu kuphela.
Ekugqibeleni, kuya kwakhiwa ukusuka kumashumi amane anesihlanu ukuya kumashumi amahlanu amaziko kwiminyaka nje emibini, maziko lawo aya kuba ubukhulu becala ngamaziko ononophelo lwenqanaba lokuqala, izibhedlele zona zinikezele kuphela ngenkxaso yenqanaba lesibini nelesithathu apho umntu athunyelwe khona yiklinikhi yakhe.
Izigulana kufuneka zimelane neemfuno ezithile - ezempilo nezesimo sengqondo ngokwasekuhlaleni - phambi kokuba zinikwe unyango lwala machiza alwa noGawulayo.
Isigulana ngasinye sinyangwa ngokwemigaqo yoMnqophiso wePhondo leNtshona Koloni Wonyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Lo mnqophiso uquka iStavudine yomgca wokuqala (d4T), iLamivudine (3TC), iEfavirenz (EFZ) okanye iNevirapine (NVP) kwakunye nomgca wesibini woluhlu lwemithetho elawula unyango ngala machiza alwa noGawulayo (Didanosine (ddI), iZidovudine (AZT), iLopinavir / iRitonivar (LPV/r).
Kukho izibuko elibekwe embindini wazo zonke iziyobisi ezilwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, eliqale ukusebenza ngomhla wesihlanu kwinyanga yeKhala, esebenzisa inkampani yokuthutha iposi ngokwezivumelwano zethenda ukuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa kwala machiza kwangethuba kuwo -onke amaziko.
Iziko lonyango ngalinye sele liqeqeshe abantu abaza kucebisa bancede, abaqeshwe ngaphantsi kwenkampani enikwe isibhambathiso sokusebenza, nkampani leyo engumbutho ongajonge ngeniso futhi zonke izigulana ziyakhuthazwa ukuba zibe nenkxaso esekuhlaleni. Eli Sebe liya kuhlola iindlela zenkxaso ekuhlaleni ze zazise ngokusesikweni inkxaso ephuma ekuhlaleni kunyaka-mali olandelayo.
Kukwakho nemibutho emithathu esebenza phantsi kwezibhambathiso enikezela ngoqeqesho kubasebenzi bamaziko empilo oluntu eNtshona Koloni, beqeqeshelwa ukukwazi ukunikezela unyango lwala machiza alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
INkqubo Yonyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo iyingxenye yesicwangciso iNational Comprehensive HIV and AIDS iNtshona Koloni enikelwe yona amashumi amabini anesithathu ezigidi namashumi asibhozo ananye amawaka eerandi kunyaka-mali u-200/2005. INgxowa-mali Yehlabathi Yokulwa noGawulayo, Isifo Seengcongconi neSifo Sephepha inikezela ngamashumi amabini anesine sezigidi namakhulu alithoba amawaka eerandi, mali leyo eza kukhutshelwa ixesha eliqala ngenyanga yeThupha ukuya kuma ngenyanga yeKhala ngo-2005 isenzelwa le nkqubo yamachiza alwa noGawulayo kumaziko amahlanu kwiNqila yeKapa.
Ezona njongo sele zifeziwe ze kwagqithelwa ngaphaya kwazo ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamaqhina entsebenziswano nabaxhasi abohlukeneyo namaqumrhu aphuma kumazwe angaphandle asele enikezele ngezibonelelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukunceda ekumelaneni neentlawulo zamachiza nezamaziko ophando kumanye amaziko onyango, kwanokuzinikela nokuhlangana kwamanye amahlakani, kuquka nemibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente, uluntu jikelele, abaphandi, izifundiswa kunye nabasebenzi baseziklinikhi.
Abahlali base-Elsies River, abaseDelft, abaseHanover Park, abaseRetreat, abaseBonteheuwel/Langa, abaseGugulethu, abaseMitchells Plain, abaseKraaifontein nabaseKhayelitsha bayazuza ekunikezelweni kwenkonzo ephuculiweyo kumaziko abo ezempilo, njengoko yayithembisile iNkulumbuso.
Amacebo amatsha, kuquka nendlela yokuqesha, indlela ekhawulezileyo yokulandwa kwamayeza nenye indlela yamaqela kwizigulana ezinezigulo ezondeleyo kodwa zikwimeko exolisayo, awanciphisile amaxesha okulinda amade ekufuneka izigulana ziwalinde kula maziko.
Ngokwale ndlela yokuqesha, izigulana kufuneka zifike ngaphambi kwexesha lokudibana nabezonyango iyure phambi kwelo xesha libekiweyo ukuze zilande amaxwebhu azo ze zibe nokulinda kwindawo yokulinda.
Indledlana ekhawulezileyo yokulandwa kwamayeza ithetha ukuba inani lamayeza adingwa zizigulana lilo eliya kuba nefuthe ekubeni ziya kulinda ixesha elingakanani na izigulana: Ukuba isigulana sidinga kuphela iyeza elinye okanye amabini, siya kuncedwa ngokukhawuleza, kodwa xa sidinga amayeza amaninzi kuya kufuneka silinde.
Le ndlela yezigulana ezinezigulo ezondeleyo kodwa ezikwimeko exolisayo iquka ukwenziwa kwamadinga amane ukuya kwamathandathu ngabasebenzi baseklinikhi kwizigulana ezikule nkqubo yamaqela. Izigulana ziyacetyiswa ukuba ukuba aziziva mnandi akufuneki zilinde amadinga azo amaqela, kodwa zityelele iCHC ekufutshane nazo ngoko nangoko.
ISebe Lezempilo lizinikele ekunikezeleni rhoqo ngamayeza. Izigulana azisayi kuphinda zibuyiselwe emva kumakwazo nephetshana le-IOU ukuze zibuye ngosuku olulandelayo zize kulanda amayeza azo.
Abalawuli bala maziko nabo ngoku sele beqeshiwe kwiiklinikhi ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinguqu ezenziweyo ziya kuqhuba kakuhle.
Kuninzi lweeklinikhi umbhalo ocacileyo ubekwe elubala, ofana negama le-CHC leyo kwakunye nombhalo ngaphakathi kwiziko elo elinikezela umkhondo kwizigulana ukuze ziye kwiindawo ezinokufumana kuzo uncedo.
Iziko Lezempilo laseDelft (ekungoku nje laziwa njengeCHC OF Excellence) lizingca kakhulu ngendawo yokuhlala eyakhelwe ngqo abahlali ukuze baze kutyelela le-CHC ze bathi zava ukuhlala oku.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.82958.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-Consolidated Municipal Infrastructure Programme yasekwa kweli lizwe lonke ukuxhasa oomaspala ukuze banikezele ngezibonelelo ezintsha ze babuyisele kwisimo esisiso futhi baphuculwe izibonelelo esele zikho, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezihlelelekileyo.
Oomaspala ngabona baboneleli beenkonzo kubemi. Oku ke kuquka ukufumana amanzi, ucoceko, ulawulo lwenkukuma eluqilima, umbane ofikelelekayo nokhuselekileyo, izithuthi, ezemfundo, iinkonzo kwanendawo yokuhlala kwanolawulo olululo lweentlekele. Iimali ze-CMIP zinikezelwa kumanqanaba amaphulo asixhenxe (amanzi, ucoceko, imigaqo, inkukuma eluqilima, amaziko asekuhlaleni, izibane kwiindawo ekuhlaleni kwanamanzi eenkqwithelo).
I-CMIP eNtshona Koloni kwisithuba esisukela ngonyaka ka-1997 ukuya ku-2004 ichithe amakhulu amathandathu anamashumi asibhozo nethoba lezigidi nekhulu lamawaka eerandi kumaphulo ezibonelelo zoomaspala aliwaka elinamashumi amathandathu nesithathu, wona adale amawaka amabini anamakhulu amane neshumi elinanye lezigidi zamathuba engqesho.
Amaphulo okwakhiwa kwezindlu angavalwa, ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yokuphixana kwezidingo nezinyanzeliso ekuhlaleni.
Indibano engolawulo lukarhulumente olungumvuka wentsebenziswano yabo bonke ooceba boorhulumente bamakhaya yayibanjwe ngomhla wamashumi amabini ananye kwinyanga yeSilimela. Oku kufuneka kukhokelele kwintsebenziswano enkulu kunoku phakathi kukarhulumente wephondo noorhulumente bamakhaya.
<fn>GOV-ZA.82975.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Uqeqesho kwezolimo nemfuyo luthe lwavuleleka kakhulu kubantu abakwingingqi ekuNxweme oluseNtshona emva kokuvulwa kweSikolo Sezolimo saseClanwilliam ngoLwesihlanu umhla wesithandathu kwinyanga yeThupha ngo-2004. Isikolo esi, esilisebe leZiko leKapa Loqeqesho Kwezolimo elise-Elsenburg, senzelwe kuphela abasebenzi basezifama kwakunye nabanini beefama ebazisokolelayo kule ngingqi.
Izikolo zoqeqesho ezingamasebe esikolo esikhulu anikezela ngoqeqesho lwezolimo kwabo bantu baludinga kakhulu. Abanini-zifama nabasebenzi basezifama abaninzi abasokolayo nabakwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni bakufumana kunzima ukuzimasa ezi zifundo zoqeqesho kwisebe elikhulu eliseStellenbosch, kungoko ke la masebe mancinci evulwa njengengxenye yale nkqubo yokuphuculwa kwezakhono eluntwini yeSebe Lezolimo lephondo. Isebe lokuqala elincinci lesi sikolo lavulwa eGeorge ngo-2003, futhi ezi zifundo zikhe zanikezelwa nase-Oudtshoorn.
Kukho malunga nezifundo ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo kwizifundo ezifana noLawulo Lwezolimo Nezimali, Izakhono Zobomi, Ukuveliswa Kwemifuno, Ukuveliswa Kweziqhamo, Izifundo Ngokulinywa komdiliya, Ukuveliswa Kwezilwanyana (impahla ende, impahla emfutshane kunye neenkukhu) kanti futhi Nezifundo Zobunjineli Kwezolimo ziyanikezelwa yiCape Institute.
Ukuvulwa kwesikolo sezolimo saseClanwilliam, ngoLwesihlanu umhla wesithandathu kwinyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004.
Ezi zifundo zinikezelwa ngokwebakala lokuqala ukuya kwelesine (kwinqanaba elingaphambi kwematriki) leNational Qualifications Framework, kubafundi abamalunga namawaka amabini asele befumene uqeqesho minyaka le ngolu hlobo. Ukuvulwa kwesi sikolo saseClanwilliam kumele ukunyusa eli nani, emva kokuqala kwezifundo ngenyanga yeDwarha ku-2004.
INkulumbuso yephondo leNtshona Koloni, uMnumzana uEbrahim Rasool, ephelekwe nguMphathiswa Wezolimo, uCobus Dowry, bavule esi sikolo eAugsburg Gymnasium, eClanwilliam, ngokwenza oko babe kanti bafezekisa isithembiso esenziwa yiNkulumbuso le sokwenza ezibukwayo kwiintsuku nje ezilikhulu emva kokungena ezintanjeni.
Bekukwakho nethemba lokuba kwezi ntsuku zilikhulu zokuqala kuya kutyikitywa isivumelwano sokuthengisela amazwe eManyano yeYurophu (EU) inyama yamatakane egusha.
Ukutyikitywa kwesi sivumelwano kungumvuka wokutyikitywa kwesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe neManyano yaseYurophu ngokubhaliswa kweefama zeegusha kwanokunakanwa kokuba semgangathweni kothotho lweefama. Isilarha sokuxhelela esiseSwellendam naso saphunyezwa njengesikumgangatho wokuthumela inyama kwiManyano yamazwe aseYurophu.
IManyano yamazwe aseYurophu yayinqwenela ukuhlola ze iphumeze iindlela zokuthunyelwa kwemveliso kumazwe angaphandle ngokwayo phambi kokuba kutyikitywe esi sivumelwano futhi ibimele ukukwenza oko ngenyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004.
Kusenjalo, iSebe Lesizwe Lezolimo lalunqumamisa utyelelo lweManyano yamazwe aseYurophu kwiifama ezichongiweyo nezinakakwayo zeKaroo, njengoko zingenamandla aneleyo akumelana nokuvuka okukhoyo kwesifo senyebethu nochwane eLimpopo, ukhohlo-khohlo lwe-avian kwiinciniba eKaroo ngaxesha-nye notyelelo lweManyano yamazwe aseYurophu.
Isebe lePhondo Lezolimo liza kuqhubekeka lixhasa naziphi na iintshukumo ezikhokelela ekutyikityweni kwesi sivumelwano, sivumelwano eso sinokuba lulutho kumafama aseKaroo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.82975.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izikolo zoqeqesho ezingamasebe esikolo esikhulu anikezela ngoqeqesho lwezolimo kwabo bantu baludinga kakhulu. Abanini-zifama nabasebenzi basezifama abaninzi abasokolayo nabakwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni bakufumana kunzima ukuzimasa ezi zifundo zoqeqesho kwisebe elikhulu eliseStellenbosch, kungoko ke la masebe mancinci evulwa njengengxenye yale nkqubo yokuphuculwa kwezakhono eluntwini yeSebe Lezolimo lephondo. Isebe lokuqala elincinci lesi sikolo lavulwa eGeorge ngo-2003, futhi ezi zifundo zikhe zanikezelwa nase-Oudtshoorn.
Kukho malunga nezifundo ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo kwizifundo ezifana noLawulo Lwezolimo Nezimali, Izakhono Zobomi, Ukuveliswa Kwemifuno, Ukuveliswa Kweziqhamo, Izifundo Ngokulinywa komdiliya, Ukuveliswa Kwezilwanyana (impahla ende, impahla emfutshane kunye neenkukhu) kanti futhi Nezifundo Zobunjineli Kwezolimo ziyanikezelwa yiCape Institute.
Ezi zifundo zinikezelwa ngokwebakala lokuqala ukuya kwelesine (kwinqanaba elingaphambi kwematriki) leNational Qualifications Framework, kubafundi abamalunga namawaka amabini asele befumene uqeqesho minyaka le ngolu hlobo. Ukuvulwa kwesi sikolo saseClanwilliam kumele ukunyusa eli nani, emva kokuqala kwezifundo ngenyanga yeDwarha ku-2004.
INkulumbuso yephondo leNtshona Koloni, uMnumzana uEbrahim Rasool, ephelekwe nguMphathiswa Wezolimo, uCobus Dowry, bavule esi sikolo eAugsburg Gymnasium, eClanwilliam, ngokwenza oko babe kanti bafezekisa isithembiso esenziwa yiNkulumbuso le sokwenza ezibukwayo kwiintsuku nje ezilikhulu emva kokungena ezintanjeni.
Bekukwakho nethemba lokuba kwezi ntsuku zilikhulu zokuqala kuya kutyikitywa isivumelwano sokuthengisela amazwe eManyano yeYurophu (EU) inyama yamatakane egusha.
IManyano yamazwe aseYurophu yayinqwenela ukuhlola ze iphumeze iindlela zokuthunyelwa kwemveliso kumazwe angaphandle ngokwayo phambi kokuba kutyikitywe esi sivumelwano futhi ibimele ukukwenza oko ngenyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004.
Isebe lePhondo Lezolimo liza kuqhubekeka lixhasa naziphi na iintshukumo ezikhokelela ekutyikityweni kwesi sivumelwano, sivumelwano eso sinokuba lulutho kumafama aseKaroo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.82981.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abahlala kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni baqhele ukufikelela kwizixhobo namaziko amidlalo ambalwa xa bethelekiswa nabo bakwiingingqi ezisezidolophini - kodwa ke mhlawumbi sele iqosheliswa loo ngxaki apha eNtshona Koloni.
Inkqubo edle ishumi elinanye lezigidi zeerandi yokuphucula nokwakha izixhobo namaziko ezemidlalo kwishumi loomaspala, ingakumbi abo bakwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni zaseNtshona Koloni, yaphehlelelwa yiNkulumbuso noMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko, Imidlalo Nokuzonwabisa, uMnumzana Chris Stali, ngenyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004.
Lo mcimbi ubuchukumisa umxhelo ububanjelwe eKayamandi (ilokishi engaphandle nje kweStellenbosch) eyenye yeendawo ezichongiweyo. Iindawo zokuhlala ezichongiweyo azinazo tu kwaphela okanye zikwimeko engaginyisi mathe izixhobo namaziko azo ezemidlalo, futhi uninzi lukwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni.
Inkqubo Yokwakhiwa Kwezixhobo Zezemidlalo Nezokuzonwabisa (iBSRP) yanikezela ngesithoba sezigidi namakhulu amathathu amawaka eerandi kweli phulo, ngelixa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwephondo lona longezelele kweso sixa ngesigidi esinamakhulu asixhenxe amakhulu amawaka eerandi. I-BSRP le yinkqubo yokupheliswa kwentlupheko yeSport and Recreation South Africa ejoliswe ekudaleleni uluntu oluhlelelekileyo amaziko nezixhobo zemidlalo, ngelixa ikwabonelela ngengqesho yethutyana elingephi kubakhi kwanaleyo yethuba elide eyayanyaniswa nezixhobo namaziko ezemidlalo nokuzonwabisa esandula ukwakhiwa.
Ukuthunyelwa kwentlawulo koomaspala abachongiweyo sele kuqoshelisiwe futhi ulwakhiwo lona lungaqala ekupheleni kwenyanga yoMsintsi. Kangangamashumi amabini anesibhozo ezixhobo namaziko ezemidlalo koomaspala abalishumi aya kwakhiwa okanye aphuculwe.
Umaspala waseKnysna yena ufumene isiqingatha sesigidi seerandi ukuze agqibezele isakhiwokazi seentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemidlalo.
Ze yona iSwartland-Kalbakraal yafumana amakhulu amathandathu amawaka eerandi ukuze yakhe iziko leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemidlalo kwaneenkonzo yokunkcenkceshelwa kwebala.
Xa kukho iinkqubo zemidlalo phakathi kwamaqela ezikolo ezihlelelekileyo ezikudeleneyo, izikolo ezininzi zisuka zikhethe ukungathathi nxaxheba kolo khuphiswano ngenxa yeengxaki zokungabi nazithuthi. Ngenxa yoko ke, abadlali abasebatsha abafumani mathuba akukhuphisana nabanye.
"Iinkqubo zemidlalo yamaqela ahlanganisiweyo" zithe zaziswa kwiingingqi ezine ezihlelelekileyo ukudlalisa izikolo ezikwingingqi enye kunye, ukuze ke izicwangciso zemidlalo ezizizo zibe nokuqulunqwa phakathi kwezikolo ezikwingingqi enye, ukuze kuvuswe neentshukumo zokhuphiswano phakathi kwezikolo. Amaziko, izixhobo, ukuzilolonga noqeqesho kwabelwana ngako zizikolo ngokweengingqi ezikuzo.
Indlela yezicwangciso zemidlalo ngokweengingqi izikolo ezikuzo sele iphunyeziwe eHanover Park, eBonteheuwel, eGugulethu, eNyanga nasePhillippi, apho umbhoxo, ibhola yomnnyazi, ibhola ekhatywayo nechess zidlalwa ngempumelelo ngokwezi zicwangciso. Le mbumba yezikolo ibidlala ebusika icwangciselwe ukuba iqoshelise imidlalo yayo ekupheleni kwenyanga yoMsintsi ukuze ingaphazamisani neemviwo zezikolo. Izixhobo zemidlalo ezixabisa ngaphaya kwamakhulu amahlanu amawaka eerandi, yanikezelwa kwezi zikolo ngokweengingqi ezikuzo nguMphathiswa uStali ngenyanga yeKhala ngo-2004. Ezi zixhobo zanikezelwa kwiikomiti zemidlalo yezikolo ngokweengingqi kunokuba zinikezelwe kwisikolo ngasinye, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abaninzi bayafikelela kuzo futhi bakwazi nokuzisebenzisa. Izixhobo zemidlalo ezi beziquka iibhola zomnyazi, amaphini neebhola zomdlalo weqakamba, iibhola zentenetya, izixhobo zomdlalo wehockey, iincebetha zokuzilolonga, iiseti zomdlalo wechess kwakunye nezixhobo zomdlalo wentenetya yetafile. Enye ithenda ngokongezelelwa kwezixhobo zemidlalo ezixabisa amakhulu amathathu anamashumi amathandathu amawaka eerandi iya kukhutshwa ngenyanga yoMsintsi apha ku-2004.
Ngaphandle kwebala lokudlala, izikolo azinakuba nakho ukunikezela imidlalo emininzi yasemabaleni. Izikolo ezisixhenze ezihlelelekileyo zathi ke zanikwa ikhulu elinamashumi asibhozo nesine samawaka eerandi sisinye ngenyanga yeThupha ku-2004 ukuze ziphucule amabala azo emidlalo, kuquka neentlawulo zokulungiselela ulwakhiwo lwala mabala, ukutyalwa kwengca kwanokunkcenkceshela ngendlela yamanzi aphuma ngaphantsi komhlaba. Ezi zikolo zachongwa ngokuthi kujongwe izidingo - kuba ezinye sithetha nje azinamabala akudlala konke konke.
Eli phulo yintsebenziswano phakathi kweSebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko, Imidlalo Nokuzonwabisa, iphulo iSafer Schools Project, iSebe Lokhuseleko Loluntu kwakunye neMulti-Agency Delivery Action Mechanism (iMADAM ngamafuphi), nto leyo ehlanganisa amaqumrhu ahlukeneyo ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho.
Kuchongwe futhi kwanikwa inkxaso-mali izikolo ezisixhenxe kuphela, kunezo zilishumi bezicwangcisiwe ngenxa yokunganeli kwemali.
Kungenelelwe amatyeli amabini malunga namabhunga ezemidlalo kwezi ntsuku zilikhul zokuqala - "Umcimbi Ongokusonjululwa Kweempixano" Nomhlangano Webhola Ekhatywayo".
Umcimbi Ongokusonjululwa Kwempixano wona wawubanjwe ngenyanga yeKhala ngo-2004. BAya kufikelela kwikhulu elinamashumi asixhenxe abathunywa abasuka kwiimbumba ezilawula imidlalo ezingamashumi amane zaseNtshona Koloni ezazithabatha inxaxheba apho. Lo mcimbi wabanjwa ngezizathu zokufumana iindlela zokunciphisa imithwalo yabalawuli kwiinkundla zeempixano zemidlalo kwiimpixano ezibandakanya imibutho elawula amaqela emidlalo nokuphucula izakhono zolawulo kule mibutho ilawula amaqela emidlalo. Ijaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo uDeon van Zyl nengcaphephe yegqwetha uAlex Abercombie babelane ngamava abo njengeengcaphephe zomthetho kweli candelo lomthetho wezemidlalo kwanokusonjululwa kweempixano.
Lo mcimbi ukhokelele ekuphehlelelweni kweMbumba Ejongene Nokusonjululwa Kwempixano yaseNtshona Koloni. Le mbumba kufuneka ukuba ibe iyasebenza ngenyanga kaTshazimpunzi ku-2005, xa umthetho ofanele oko sele uwisiwe. Isebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko, Imidlalo Nokuzonwabisa kungoku nje inika ingqwalasela ukuchonga amalungu ayo. Amasetyana ajongene nokwakhiwa ngokutsha nokusonjululwa kweempixano kweli Sebe aya kunikezela ngenkxaso yezolawulo kwiMbumba Ejongene Nokusonjululwa Kweempixano.
Lo mcimbi walandelwa kwixwsha nje elingephi uphelile "yiNkomfa Yomdlalo Webhola Ekhatywayo" eyayibizwa ngokuba "Yindlela eya ku-2010" eyayibanjwe ngenyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004. Le nkomfa yayijoliswe ekuqalisweni kwenkqubo yokukhulula amatyathanga achaphazela ukukhula nokuphuhla kwebhola ekhatywayo eNtshona Koloni.
Le nkomfa yayizinyaswe ngamamagosa olawulo kumdlalo webhola ekhatywayo asuka kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo, kuquka amagosa asuka kuMbutho Webhola Ekhatywayo woMzantsi Afrika (iSAFA ngamafuphi), amalungu esigqeba sesizwe nesephondo. Abathunywa baphuma apho bephethe isicwangciso-qhinga sokukhulula amatyathanga aqhwalelisa uphuhliso nokukhula kwebhola ekhatywayo.
Kuqiniswe futhi kwenziwe luqilima ubudlelwane phakathi kweSAFA, Umbutho Wemidlalo Yezikolo Ezimanyeneyo woMzantsi Afrika (iUSSASA ngamafuphi) kwakunye neManyano Yemidlalo Yabafundi Abakumaziko Emfundo Ephakamileyo eMzantsi Afrika (iSASSU ngamafuphi).
Kuziwe neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa ubukho beenkokheli ezinezakhono zokulawula.
Kusonjululwe iingxaki zobudlelwane nabasemagunyeni koorhulumente bamakhaya namaqela ezemidlalo.
Kusekwe ikomiti yephondo eququzelayo ukuze igxininise kwimicimbi yophuhliso, ukukhula nolawulo lukarhulumente.
Kubabanjwe indibano yokuza nezicwangciso-maqhinga ukuze kuphunywe nesicwangciso eziya kusisa kunyaka ka-2010.
Ezi zithembiso zine zonke zeza neNkulumbuso, futhi zifezekiswe kwangezi ntsuku zokuqala zilikhulu. Isithembiso sesihlanu, esi seenkqubo zemidlalo yokuzonwabisa ezijoliswe kuluntu lonke jikelele kwiingingqi ezine ezikumbindi, liphulo lexesha elide elisephantsi kophuhliso lweli Sebe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.82981.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abahlala kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni baqhele ukufikelela kwizixhobo namaziko amidlalo ambalwa xa bethelekiswa nabo bakwiingingqi ezisezidolophini - kodwa ke mhlawumbi sele iqosheliswa loo ngxaki apha eNtshona Koloni.
Inkqubo edle ishumi elinanye lezigidi zeerandi yokuphucula nokwakha izixhobo namaziko ezemidlalo kwishumi loomaspala, ingakumbi abo bakwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni zaseNtshona Koloni, yaphehlelelwa yiNkulumbuso noMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko, Imidlalo Nokuzonwabisa, uMnumzana Chris Stali, ngenyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004.
Lo mcimbi ubuchukumisa umxhelo ububanjelwe eKayamandi (ilokishi engaphandle nje kweStellenbosch) eyenye yeendawo ezichongiweyo. Iindawo zokuhlala ezichongiweyo azinazo tu kwaphela okanye zikwimeko engaginyisi mathe izixhobo namaziko azo ezemidlalo, futhi uninzi lukwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni.
Inkqubo Yokwakhiwa Kwezixhobo Zezemidlalo Nezokuzonwabisa (iBSRP) yanikezela ngesithoba sezigidi namakhulu amathathu amawaka eerandi kweli phulo, ngelixa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwephondo lona longezelele kweso sixa ngesigidi esinamakhulu asixhenxe amakhulu amawaka eerandi. I-BSRP le yinkqubo yokupheliswa kwentlupheko yeSport and Recreation South Africa ejoliswe ekudaleleni uluntu oluhlelelekileyo amaziko nezixhobo zemidlalo, ngelixa ikwabonelela ngengqesho yethutyana elingephi kubakhi kwanaleyo yethuba elide eyayanyaniswa nezixhobo namaziko ezemidlalo nokuzonwabisa esandula ukwakhiwa.
Ukuthunyelwa kwentlawulo koomaspala abachongiweyo sele kuqoshelisiwe futhi ulwakhiwo lona lungaqala ekupheleni kwenyanga yoMsintsi. Kangangamashumi amabini anesibhozo ezixhobo namaziko ezemidlalo koomaspala abalishumi aya kwakhiwa okanye aphuculwe.
Ze yona iSwartland-Kalbakraal yafumana amakhulu amathandathu amawaka eerandi ukuze yakhe iziko leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemidlalo kwaneenkonzo yokunkcenkceshelwa kwebala.
Xa kukho iinkqubo zemidlalo phakathi kwamaqela ezikolo ezihlelelekileyo ezikudeleneyo, izikolo ezininzi zisuka zikhethe ukungathathi nxaxheba kolo khuphiswano ngenxa yeengxaki zokungabi nazithuthi. Ngenxa yoko ke, abadlali abasebatsha abafumani mathuba akukhuphisana nabanye.
Iinkqubo zemidlalo yamaqela ahlanganisiweyo zithe zaziswa kwiingingqi ezine ezihlelelekileyo ukudlalisa izikolo ezikwingingqi enye kunye, ukuze ke izicwangciso zemidlalo ezizizo zibe nokuqulunqwa phakathi kwezikolo ezikwingingqi enye, ukuze kuvuswe neentshukumo zokhuphiswano phakathi kwezikolo. Amaziko, izixhobo, ukuzilolonga noqeqesho kwabelwana ngako zizikolo ngokweengingqi ezikuzo.
Indlela yezicwangciso zemidlalo ngokweengingqi izikolo ezikuzo sele iphunyeziwe eHanover Park, eBonteheuwel, eGugulethu, eNyanga nasePhillippi, apho umbhoxo, ibhola yomnnyazi, ibhola ekhatywayo nechess zidlalwa ngempumelelo ngokwezi zicwangciso. Le mbumba yezikolo ibidlala ebusika icwangciselwe ukuba iqoshelise imidlalo yayo ekupheleni kwenyanga yoMsintsi ukuze ingaphazamisani neemviwo zezikolo. Izixhobo zemidlalo ezixabisa ngaphaya kwamakhulu amahlanu amawaka eerandi, yanikezelwa kwezi zikolo ngokweengingqi ezikuzo nguMphathiswa uStali ngenyanga yeKhala ngo-2004. Ezi zixhobo zanikezelwa kwiikomiti zemidlalo yezikolo ngokweengingqi kunokuba zinikezelwe kwisikolo ngasinye, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abaninzi bayafikelela kuzo futhi bakwazi nokuzisebenzisa. Izixhobo zemidlalo ezi beziquka iibhola zomnyazi, amaphini neebhola zomdlalo weqakamba, iibhola zentenetya, izixhobo zomdlalo wehockey, iincebetha zokuzilolonga, iiseti zomdlalo wechess kwakunye nezixhobo zomdlalo wentenetya yetafile. Enye ithenda ngokongezelelwa kwezixhobo zemidlalo ezixabisa amakhulu amathathu anamashumi amathandathu amawaka eerandi iya kukhutshwa ngenyanga yoMsintsi apha ku-2004.
Ngaphandle kwebala lokudlala, izikolo azinakuba nakho ukunikezela imidlalo emininzi yasemabaleni. Izikolo ezisixhenze ezihlelelekileyo zathi ke zanikwa ikhulu elinamashumi asibhozo nesine samawaka eerandi sisinye ngenyanga yeThupha ku-2004 ukuze ziphucule amabala azo emidlalo, kuquka neentlawulo zokulungiselela ulwakhiwo lwala mabala, ukutyalwa kwengca kwanokunkcenkceshela ngendlela yamanzi aphuma ngaphantsi komhlaba. Ezi zikolo zachongwa ngokuthi kujongwe izidingo - kuba ezinye sithetha nje azinamabala akudlala konke konke.
Kuchongwe futhi kwanikwa inkxaso-mali izikolo ezisixhenxe kuphela, kunezo zilishumi bezicwangcisiwe ngenxa yokunganeli kwemali.
Umcimbi Ongokusonjululwa Kwempixano wona wawubanjwe ngenyanga yeKhala ngo-2004. BAya kufikelela kwikhulu elinamashumi asixhenxe abathunywa abasuka kwiimbumba ezilawula imidlalo ezingamashumi amane zaseNtshona Koloni ezazithabatha inxaxheba apho. Lo mcimbi wabanjwa ngezizathu zokufumana iindlela zokunciphisa imithwalo yabalawuli kwiinkundla zeempixano zemidlalo kwiimpixano ezibandakanya imibutho elawula amaqela emidlalo nokuphucula izakhono zolawulo kule mibutho ilawula amaqela emidlalo. Ijaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo uDeon van Zyl nengcaphephe yegqwetha uAlex Abercombie babelane ngamava abo njengeengcaphephe zomthetho kweli candelo lomthetho wezemidlalo kwanokusonjululwa kweempixano.
Lo mcimbi ukhokelele ekuphehlelelweni kweMbumba Ejongene Nokusonjululwa Kwempixano yaseNtshona Koloni. Le mbumba kufuneka ukuba ibe iyasebenza ngenyanga kaTshazimpunzi ku-2005, xa umthetho ofanele oko sele uwisiwe. Isebe Lemicimbi Yenkcubeko, Imidlalo Nokuzonwabisa kungoku nje inika ingqwalasela ukuchonga amalungu ayo. Amasetyana ajongene nokwakhiwa ngokutsha nokusonjululwa kweempixano kweli Sebe aya kunikezela ngenkxaso yezolawulo kwiMbumba Ejongene Nokusonjululwa Kweempixano.
Lo mcimbi walandelwa kwixwsha nje elingephi uphelile "yiNkomfa Yomdlalo Webhola Ekhatywayo" eyayibizwa ngokuba "Yindlela eya ku-2010" eyayibanjwe ngenyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004. Le nkomfa yayijoliswe ekuqalisweni kwenkqubo yokukhulula amatyathanga achaphazela ukukhula nokuphuhla kwebhola ekhatywayo eNtshona Koloni.
Le nkomfa yayizinyaswe ngamamagosa olawulo kumdlalo webhola ekhatywayo asuka kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo, kuquka amagosa asuka kuMbutho Webhola Ekhatywayo woMzantsi Afrika (iSAFA ngamafuphi), amalungu esigqeba sesizwe nesephondo. Abathunywa baphuma apho bephethe isicwangciso-qhinga sokukhulula amatyathanga aqhwalelisa uphuhliso nokukhula kwebhola ekhatywayo.
Kuqiniswe futhi kwenziwe luqilima ubudlelwane phakathi kweSAFA, Umbutho Wemidlalo Yezikolo Ezimanyeneyo woMzantsi Afrika (iUSSASA ngamafuphi) kwakunye neManyano Yemidlalo Yabafundi Abakumaziko Emfundo Ephakamileyo eMzantsi Afrika (iSASSU ngamafuphi).
Kuziwe neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa ubukho beenkokheli ezinezakhono zokulawula.
Kusonjululwe iingxaki zobudlelwane nabasemagunyeni koorhulumente bamakhaya namaqela ezemidlalo.
Kusekwe ikomiti yephondo eququzelayo ukuze igxininise kwimicimbi yophuhliso, ukukhula nolawulo lukarhulumente.
Kubabanjwe indibano yokuza nezicwangciso-maqhinga ukuze kuphunywe nesicwangciso eziya kusisa kunyaka ka-2010.
Ezi zithembiso zine zonke zeza neNkulumbuso, futhi zifezekiswe kwangezi ntsuku zokuqala zilikhulu. Isithembiso sesihlanu, esi seenkqubo zemidlalo yokuzonwabisa ezijoliswe kuluntu lonke jikelele kwiingingqi ezine ezikumbindi, liphulo lexesha elide elisephantsi kophuhliso lweli Sebe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.82985.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukufikelela kwinkxaso-mali yenye yezona ngxaki zinzima amashishini amancinci ajamelana nazo. Amaziko asebenza ngemali aneemfuno ekunzima kakhulu kumashishini amancinci ukumelana nazo ekufumaneni iimali-mboleko, zisoloko zifuna ukhuseleko, olufana nempahla eqingqiweyo nemileyo efana nezakhiwo. Kodwa ke abanini-mashishini nabo baseza kuba ngabanini-mashishini basoloko benempahla engafikeleliyo kuleyo idingwa ngala maziko futhi bengenanto yakuyinikezela njengokhuseleko lwalo mali-mboleko. Ukungabi nankxaso-mali ngumba onzima kakhulu kuleyo ivala amathuba okufumaneka kwalo nkxaso-mali kumashishini amatsha amancinci, aphakathi, nasakhasayo.
Isebe Lezimali, Uphuhliso Loqoqosho Notyelelo lizibekele umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa ubuncinci amashumi amahlanu ezigidi zeerandi ngonyaka kule minyaka mithathu izayo ukuze kusekwe ingxowa-mali yeemali-mboleko (ebizwa ngokuba yi-"RED Finance") neya kubonelela ngenkxaso-mali kumashishini amancinci, aphakathi nasakhulayo angafikeleliyo kumanqanaba abekwe ziibhanki namanye amaziko asebenza ngokubolekisa ngemali ukuze abe nokufumana iimali-mboleko kwezona bhanki namaziko ezimali makhulu, kodwa enezicwangciso zoshishino eziqiqileyo nezinokuphumelela. UMphathiswa uLynne Brown uqokelele wadibanisa ngempumelelo amashumi amathathu anesihlanu ezigidi zeerandi ngokukonke esenzela ingxowa-mali yeRED Finance kweli khulu leentsuku zokuqala.
Okufunekayo phambi kokuba ube nokufumana imali-mboleko kwiRED Finance kukuba loo mashishini aya kuxhamla azimase inkqubo yeengcebiso nophuhliso lwezakhono eyenzelwe amashishini amatsha nabanini-mashishini abasakhulayo. Oku kuya kunceda amashishini athi abonelelwe ngenkxaso-mali ukuze abe nokukwazi ukumelana neenzima zoshishino - ze futhi akwazi ukuhlawula iimali-mboleko zawo.
Eli Sebe liya kuthi lizimanye nephulo eliluqilima lokukhuthaza amaziko abolekisa ngezimali ukuba atshintshe iimfuno zawo zemigangatho yokufumana iimali-mboleko ukuze amanye amashishini amancinci, aphakathi nasakhulayo abe nokufikelela kwiimali-mboleko eziqhelekileyo.
Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba malunga nesixhenxe kumashishini alishumi elinesibini eMzantsi Afrika awaphumeleli. Ngelixa ezinye zezizathu zoku zinokuba kukungafumani nkxaso-mali yaneleyo, enye yezona zizathu inokuba kukungafumani zingcebiso nankxaso ifanelekileyo.
Ukusombulula le ngxaki, abameli bamahlakani amane oluntu aseNtshona Koloni, Uluntu Ekuhlaleni, Abasebenzi, Amashishini noRhulumente, bafikelela kwizigqibo kwiNkomfa Yephondo Engokukhula Nophuhliso eyayibanjwe ngenyanga yeNkanga ngo-2003, ukuba beze nenkqubo eya kuba phantsi kweliso elibanzi yokunceda ikhulu lamashishini amancinci, aphakathi nasakhulayo asele ekho ukuze aphumelele ngokuwanika iingcebiso nenkxaso enzima nenzulu - ebizwa ngokuba "kukufukama".
Eli phulo lisavavanywayo lasekwa ngomhla weshumi elinanye kwinyanga yeThupha ngo-2004 nguMphathiswa Wezimali, Uphuhliso Loqoqosho Notyelelo, uLynne Brown. Amashishini alikhulu elineshumi elinesibhozo akhethwa kwiphondo lonke ukuba ukuba athabathe inxaxheba kweli phulo, isithathu ekhulwini kuwo sabe siphantsi kobunini bamanina ze isine ekhulwini sibe sesolutsha, ngelixa i17% lisemaphandleni. Eli Sebe liya kuchitha isigidi esinamakhulu amabini amawaka eerandi ekucebiseni nasekuxhaseni la mashishini. Ishishini ngalinye liya kunikwa umcebisi kwezoshishino oya kuba nalo isithuba sexesha elingaqingqwanga. I-National Productivity Institute (NPI) nayo kungoku nje iyaqashwa ukuze ihlola-hlole ishishini ngalinye. I-NPI le iya kuthi iqulunqe ingxelo yenze neziphakamiso ngeshishini ngalinye, ze futhi ichonge iimfuno ezifanayo kumashishini onke.
Le nkqubo iya kuthabatha malunga neenyanga ezintathu. ISebe eli nalo liya kuthi linikezele ngeethenda kuloo mashishini anikezela ngeenkonzo anokuba nakho ukunikezela ngezi mfuno zifanayo zala mashishini.
Isebe Lezimali, Uphuhliso Loqoqosho Notyelelo lichitha ishumi lezigidi zeerandi kumaphulo oshishino lwezolimo kwiphondo eli lonke, njengoko yathembisa iNkulumbuso, njengokuba sekunikezelwe imali ephantse ifikelele kwisithandathu sezigidi zeerandi kwiphulo lezotyelelo nje.
Amaphulo oshishino lwezolimo kwakujoliswe kuwo ngokubhekiselele kwimigaqo nemimiselo ye-Ikapa Agribusiness Fund, ejoliswe ekusekweni kwamashishini ezolimo amatsha naluphakamisa ngempumelelo uqoqosho kwiindawo zabantu abahlelelekileyo.
Amaphulo afana nophuhliso lweMariculture Institute, iFynbos Export Initiative, iFynbos Certification Project, iRooibos Intellectual Property rights case, iRural Products Marketing Services, kwakunye neRegional Opportunities onke ngamaphulo aya kuqala ukuphangalalisa isiseko soqoqosho lweNtshona Koloni ze ongeze namathuba okuthengiswa kweemveliso neenkonzo zeshishini lezolimo leli phondo kumazwe angaphandle.
Inkqubo I-Integrated Tourism Entrepreneurship Support Programme (ITESP) ibonelela ngenkxaso ehlanganyelweyo kumashishini amancinci, aphakathi nasakhulayo ezotyelelo, kuquka nokufikelela kwizibonelelo ezifana nemali, izakhono, neemalike. Injongo yale nkqubo kukususa imiceli-mngeni evalela ukwakhiwa ngokutsha okwenzeka kwishishini lezotyelelo ze kuphuhliswe ukunikezelwa kobunini bamashishini kweli candelo ngokwamanani abemi beli phondo.
Isixa-mali esibalelwa kwisine sezigidi zeerandi sanikezelwa njengengxenye yesabelo sohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lonyaka-mali ka-2004/2005, futhi esinye isigidi esinamakhulu asibhozo namashumi amahlanu amawaka eerandi sinikezelwe yiDevelopment Bank of South Africa (DBSA) kweli phulo. Malunga namashumi amathathu anesithandathu amashishini amancinci, aphakathi nasakhulayo aya kuxhamla kule nkqubo, amashumi amabini anesibini kuwo sele echongiwe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.82985.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukufikelela kwinkxaso-mali yenye yezona ngxaki zinzima amashishini amancinci ajamelana nazo. Amaziko asebenza ngemali aneemfuno ekunzima kakhulu kumashishini amancinci ukumelana nazo ekufumaneni iimali-mboleko, zisoloko zifuna ukhuseleko, olufana nempahla eqingqiweyo nemileyo efana nezakhiwo. Kodwa ke abanini-mashishini nabo baseza kuba ngabanini-mashishini basoloko benempahla engafikeleliyo kuleyo idingwa ngala maziko futhi bengenanto yakuyinikezela njengokhuseleko lwalo mali-mboleko. Ukungabi nankxaso-mali ngumba onzima kakhulu kuleyo ivala amathuba okufumaneka kwalo nkxaso-mali kumashishini amatsha amancinci, aphakathi, nasakhasayo.
Isebe Lezimali, Uphuhliso Loqoqosho Notyelelo lizibekele umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa ubuncinci amashumi amahlanu ezigidi zeerandi ngonyaka kule minyaka mithathu izayo ukuze kusekwe ingxowa-mali yeemali-mboleko (ebizwa ngokuba yi-"RED Finance") neya kubonelela ngenkxaso-mali kumashishini amancinci, aphakathi nasakhulayo angafikeleliyo kumanqanaba abekwe ziibhanki namanye amaziko asebenza ngokubolekisa ngemali ukuze abe nokufumana iimali-mboleko kwezona bhanki namaziko ezimali makhulu, kodwa enezicwangciso zoshishino eziqiqileyo nezinokuphumelela. UMphathiswa uLynne Brown uqokelele wadibanisa ngempumelelo amashumi amathathu anesihlanu ezigidi zeerandi ngokukonke esenzela ingxowa-mali yeRED Finance kweli khulu leentsuku zokuqala.
Okufunekayo phambi kokuba ube nokufumana imali-mboleko kwiRED Finance kukuba loo mashishini aya kuxhamla azimase inkqubo yeengcebiso nophuhliso lwezakhono eyenzelwe amashishini amatsha nabanini-mashishini abasakhulayo. Oku kuya kunceda amashishini athi abonelelwe ngenkxaso-mali ukuze abe nokukwazi ukumelana neenzima zoshishino - ze futhi akwazi ukuhlawula iimali-mboleko zawo.
Eli Sebe liya kuthi lizimanye nephulo eliluqilima lokukhuthaza amaziko abolekisa ngezimali ukuba atshintshe iimfuno zawo zemigangatho yokufumana iimali-mboleko ukuze amanye amashishini amancinci, aphakathi nasakhulayo abe nokufikelela kwiimali-mboleko eziqhelekileyo.
Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba malunga nesixhenxe kumashishini alishumi elinesibini eMzantsi Afrika awaphumeleli. Ngelixa ezinye zezizathu zoku zinokuba kukungafumani nkxaso-mali yaneleyo, enye yezona zizathu inokuba kukungafumani zingcebiso nankxaso ifanelekileyo.
Ukusombulula le ngxaki, abameli bamahlakani amane oluntu aseNtshona Koloni, Uluntu Ekuhlaleni, Abasebenzi, Amashishini noRhulumente, bafikelela kwizigqibo kwiNkomfa Yephondo Engokukhula Nophuhliso eyayibanjwe ngenyanga yeNkanga ngo-2003, ukuba beze nenkqubo eya kuba phantsi kweliso elibanzi yokunceda ikhulu lamashishini amancinci, aphakathi nasakhulayo asele ekho ukuze aphumelele ngokuwanika iingcebiso nenkxaso enzima nenzulu - ebizwa ngokuba "kukufukama".
Eli phulo lisavavanywayo lasekwa ngomhla weshumi elinanye kwinyanga yeThupha ngo-2004 nguMphathiswa Wezimali, Uphuhliso Loqoqosho Notyelelo, uLynne Brown. Amashishini alikhulu elineshumi elinesibhozo akhethwa kwiphondo lonke ukuba ukuba athabathe inxaxheba kweli phulo, isithathu ekhulwini kuwo sabe siphantsi kobunini bamanina ze isine ekhulwini sibe sesolutsha, ngelixa i17% lisemaphandleni. Eli Sebe liya kuchitha isigidi esinamakhulu amabini amawaka eerandi ekucebiseni nasekuxhaseni la mashishini. Ishishini ngalinye liya kunikwa umcebisi kwezoshishino oya kuba nalo isithuba sexesha elingaqingqwanga. I-National Productivity Institute (NPI) nayo kungoku nje iyaqashwa ukuze ihlola-hlole ishishini ngalinye. I-NPI le iya kuthi iqulunqe ingxelo yenze neziphakamiso ngeshishini ngalinye, ze futhi ichonge iimfuno ezifanayo kumashishini onke.
Le nkqubo iya kuthabatha malunga neenyanga ezintathu. ISebe eli nalo liya kuthi linikezele ngeethenda kuloo mashishini anikezela ngeenkonzo anokuba nakho ukunikezela ngezi mfuno zifanayo zala mashishini.
Isebe Lezimali, Uphuhliso Loqoqosho Notyelelo lichitha ishumi lezigidi zeerandi kumaphulo oshishino lwezolimo kwiphondo eli lonke, njengoko yathembisa iNkulumbuso, njengokuba sekunikezelwe imali ephantse ifikelele kwisithandathu sezigidi zeerandi kwiphulo lezotyelelo nje.
Amaphulo oshishino lwezolimo kwakujoliswe kuwo ngokubhekiselele kwimigaqo nemimiselo ye-Ikapa Agribusiness Fund, ejoliswe ekusekweni kwamashishini ezolimo amatsha naluphakamisa ngempumelelo uqoqosho kwiindawo zabantu abahlelelekileyo.
Isixa-mali esibalelwa kwisine sezigidi zeerandi sanikezelwa njengengxenye yesabelo sohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lonyaka-mali ka-2004/2005, futhi esinye isigidi esinamakhulu asibhozo namashumi amahlanu amawaka eerandi sinikezelwe yiDevelopment Bank of South Africa (DBSA) kweli phulo. Malunga namashumi amathathu anesithandathu amashishini amancinci, aphakathi nasakhulayo aya kuxhamla kule nkqubo, amashumi amabini anesibini kuwo sele echongiwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.83353.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya laphehlelela ngokusesikweni inkonzo yekhompyutha yokuqinisekiswa kobume bomtshato njengengxenyeyePhulo Lokuqinisekisa Ubume Bakho Bomtshato elaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeThupha.
Le nkonzo ivulelwe ukunceda ekuthinteleni nasekuvezeni iimeko apho abemi boMzantsi Afrika batshatiswa bengazi kubemi bamanye amazwe. Amaqabane la asuka kumanye amazwe asebenzisa umtshato ukuze afumane amaphepha-mvume okuhlala nawokusebenza apha eMzantsi Afrika. Ngomhla weshumi elinesibhozo kwinyanga yeThupha ku-2004, eli Phulo belisele liveze imitshato yobuqhophololo engamakhulu amabini eMzantsi Afrika.
Eli Sebe lithembise ukuwarhoxisa angasebenzi amaphepha-mvume okuhlala, awokusebenza kwanawokuba ngabemi abantu abazuze lutho kwimitshato yobuqhophololo.
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungazikhangela ukuba utshatile okanye akutshatanga na ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ze ufake nenombolo yencwadana yakho yesazisi.
Usenakho kanti nokutyelela iofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ze uzikhangele okanye ke utsalele iSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya kule nombolo ingahlawulelwayo: 0800 10 1994 ngamaxesha okusebenza (oko ke kukuthi ukusukela ngomkhono emva kwentsimbi yesixhenxe ekuseni kuye kuma ngomkhono phambi kweyesine malanga).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.83479.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sikhokelo singokuqinisekisa ukuba ikhaya nesitiya sakho sikhuselekile kuwe nabantwana bakho saxhaswa ngezimali ngabakwa-HTH, ngentsebenziswano neChild Accident Prevention Foundation of Southern Africa.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.83878.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Umaspala ngamnye ujongana nezohlwayo zeziphoso zendlela enegunya lokujongana nazo. Kulilungelo lakho ukujonga uqinisekise imifanekiso ekwiikhamera zesantya ze ufake isikhalazo ngaso nasiphi na isohlwayo ongasiqondiyo.
Zeziphi ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zezohlwayo zendlela?
Ingaba lingakanani ixesha endinokulithabatha ndihlawula isohlwayo sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sendlela endisinikwayo?
Kwenzeke xa ndingasihlawuli okanye ndingafaki sikhalazo ngesohlwayo sam sendlela?
Ndingasihawula phi, njani isohlwayo sam sendlela?
iSazizo seCandelo 56 okanye Umyalelo Okuyalela ukuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokukhawuleza unikezelwa kuwe ligosa lezendlela, ngenxa yesiphoso oosenze ngexa uqhuba. Sinosuku oza kuvela ngalo enkundleniis.
iSaziso seCandelo 341 sithunyelwa kumnini-sithuthi ngeposi ngezenzo zolwaphulo-mitheho yendlela ezithatyathwe ngekhamera okanye ngamatikiti akhutshwe okanye anikezelwe engekho umqhubi (umzekelo, ngenxa yecwecwe lephepha-mvume lokuqhuba eliphelelwe lixesha). Esi saziso ke asinasuku lakuvela enkundleni kodwa ke sisisaziso sokuqala ngaphambi komyalelo okubizela enkundleni.
iSaziso seCandelo 56 sona sisebenza njengoMyalelo Okhawulezileyo wokuba uvele enkundleni, nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba uneentsuku ezimalunga namashumi amathathu zokuba uhlawule phambi kokuba ityala lakho liye enkundleni.
iSaziso seCandelo 341 isaziso ezingaphambi komyalelo wokuba uvele enkundleni, singenguwo sona umyalelo. Ngokwesiqhelo ke ufumana izaziso zibe mbini ngaphambi kokuba kukhutshwe umyalelo wokuba uvele enkundleni, apho ke uya kuba neentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu phambi kokuba uvele enkundleni (okanye ufake isikhalazo ngesi sihlwayo ngembalelwano) ngaphambi kokuba ityala lakho liye kufikelela enkundleni.
Lilonke, unamalungula neenyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba uhlawule itikiti lesohlwayo seCandelo 341.
Nceda uqwalasele ke ukuba ixesha eliqingqiweyo onalo ekuhlawuleni isohlwayo sakho lahluka ngokomaspala. Jonga itikiti elo ukuba lithi kufuneka usihlawule nini na isohlwayo eso.
Ungasifaka isikhalazo sakho sendlela ngembalelwano kwisebe lezendlela laloo maspala ukohlwayayo nanini na ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa komyalelo okubizela enkundleni. Khumbula ke ukuthumela ikopi yeso sohlwayo kuloo ncwadi yembalelwano inesikhalazo sakho.
iSebe elo Lezendlela nalo liya kusiphendula eso sikhalazo sakho ngembalelwano. Ukuba awanelisekanga yiloo mpendulo, ungalinda umyalelo oza kukubizela enkundleni ze uthumele isikhalazo sakho, ze uthumele isikhalazo sakho kwakhona, ngembalelwano, kwelo sebe lezendlela. Elo sebe lezendlela liya kuthi linikezele esi sikhalazo kuMtshutshisi egameni lakho. Umtshutshisi ke yena uya kufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba agwebe na okanye, meko leyo iya kuthetha ukuba ityala elo lakho lifanele ukuchotshelwa ngumantyi enkundleni, okanye alichithe.
Nceda wazi ke ukuba ukufaka incwadi yembalelwano akuyi kuyilibazisa inkqubo yomthetho. Ukuba usuku lokuba uye kuvela enkundleni lufika ingekasombululeki indaba yesikhalazo sakho, ityala elo liya kuvela enkundleni lona..
Ukuba akusihlawuli okanye akufaki sikhalazo ngesohlwayo sakho sendlela kwangexesha ze futhi ungaveli nasenkundleni ukya kuzithethelela, inkundla leyo iya kuthi ikhuphe umyalelo ogunyazisa ukuba ubanjwe uvalelwe kwesinomhlwa, xa kufika ixesha lokuba ityala elo liye enkundleni.
Bonke oomaspala bayazamkela iittsheki namaphetshana entlawulo aseposini athunyelwe ngeposi. Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, imali eziinkozo yona kufuneka ihlawulwe buqu kwii-ofisi zaloo maspala.
Abanye oomaspala bayazamkela iintlawulo ezenziwe nge-internet, okanye baba nazo nezixhobo zokujjonga uqinisekise imifanekiso yeziphoso zendlela kwi-internet kwanokwenza iintlawulo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.83878.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umaspala ngamnye ujongana nezohlwayo zeziphoso zendlela enegunya lokujongana nazo. Kulilungelo lakho ukujonga uqinisekise imifanekiso ekwiikhamera zesantya ze ufake isikhalazo ngaso nasiphi na isohlwayo ongasiqondiyo.
Zeziphi ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zezohlwayo zendlela?
Ingaba lingakanani ixesha endinokulithabatha ndihlawula isohlwayo sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sendlela endisinikwayo?
Kwenzeke xa ndingasihlawuli okanye ndingafaki sikhalazo ngesohlwayo sam sendlela?
Ndingasihawula phi, njani isohlwayo sam sendlela?
iSazizo seCandelo 56 okanye Umyalelo Okuyalela ukuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokukhawuleza unikezelwa kuwe ligosa lezendlela, ngenxa yesiphoso oosenze ngexa uqhuba. Sinosuku oza kuvela ngalo enkundleniis.
iSaziso seCandelo 341 sithunyelwa kumnini-sithuthi ngeposi ngezenzo zolwaphulo-mitheho yendlela ezithatyathwe ngekhamera okanye ngamatikiti akhutshwe okanye anikezelwe engekho umqhubi (umzekelo, ngenxa yecwecwe lephepha-mvume lokuqhuba eliphelelwe lixesha). Esi saziso ke asinasuku lakuvela enkundleni kodwa ke sisisaziso sokuqala ngaphambi komyalelo okubizela enkundleni.
iSaziso seCandelo 56 sona sisebenza njengoMyalelo Okhawulezileyo wokuba uvele enkundleni, nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba uneentsuku ezimalunga namashumi amathathu zokuba uhlawule phambi kokuba ityala lakho liye enkundleni.
iSaziso seCandelo 341 isaziso ezingaphambi komyalelo wokuba uvele enkundleni, singenguwo sona umyalelo. Ngokwesiqhelo ke ufumana izaziso zibe mbini ngaphambi kokuba kukhutshwe umyalelo wokuba uvele enkundleni, apho ke uya kuba neentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu phambi kokuba uvele enkundleni (okanye ufake isikhalazo ngesi sihlwayo ngembalelwano) ngaphambi kokuba ityala lakho liye kufikelela enkundleni.
Lilonke, unamalungula neenyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba uhlawule itikiti lesohlwayo seCandelo 341.
Nceda uqwalasele ke ukuba ixesha eliqingqiweyo onalo ekuhlawuleni isohlwayo sakho lahluka ngokomaspala. Jonga itikiti elo ukuba lithi kufuneka usihlawule nini na isohlwayo eso.
Ungasifaka isikhalazo sakho sendlela ngembalelwano kwisebe lezendlela laloo maspala ukohlwayayo nanini na ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa komyalelo okubizela enkundleni. Khumbula ke ukuthumela ikopi yeso sohlwayo kuloo ncwadi yembalelwano inesikhalazo sakho.
iSebe elo Lezendlela nalo liya kusiphendula eso sikhalazo sakho ngembalelwano. Ukuba awanelisekanga yiloo mpendulo, ungalinda umyalelo oza kukubizela enkundleni ze uthumele isikhalazo sakho, ze uthumele isikhalazo sakho kwakhona, ngembalelwano, kwelo sebe lezendlela. Elo sebe lezendlela liya kuthi linikezele esi sikhalazo kuMtshutshisi egameni lakho. Umtshutshisi ke yena uya kufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba agwebe na okanye, meko leyo iya kuthetha ukuba ityala elo lakho lifanele ukuchotshelwa ngumantyi enkundleni, okanye alichithe.
Nceda wazi ke ukuba ukufaka incwadi yembalelwano akuyi kuyilibazisa inkqubo yomthetho. Ukuba usuku lokuba uye kuvela enkundleni lufika ingekasombululeki indaba yesikhalazo sakho, ityala elo liya kuvela enkundleni lona..
Ukuba akusihlawuli okanye akufaki sikhalazo ngesohlwayo sakho sendlela kwangexesha ze futhi ungaveli nasenkundleni ukya kuzithethelela, inkundla leyo iya kuthi ikhuphe umyalelo ogunyazisa ukuba ubanjwe uvalelwe kwesinomhlwa, xa kufika ixesha lokuba ityala elo liye enkundleni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.8388.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo loLawulo loNgcoliseko neNkunkuma ukuququzelela nokuphuhlisa iinkqubo, iiprojekthi nolawulo lwentsebenziswano ukuqinisekisa ngolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma.
Ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo, uwiso-mthetho, izicwangciso, imigangatho nezikhokelo ezimalunga nolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma.
Ukuxhasa oomasipala benqila abajongene neeprojekthi zolawulo longcoliseko nkunkuma.
Uphuhliso nokunatyiswa kwemimiselo eya kujongana nolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma, imigaqo-nkqubo yephondo neyoorhulumente benqila, uwiso-mthetho, izicwangciso, imigangatho, nezikhokelo.
Ukunika ingcaciso kumasebe esizwe ukuze kuphuculwe indlela ezenziwa ngayo izigqibo kwanokwenza igalelo kwingxelo engezendalo nokuyingqongileyo.
Ukunika ingcaciso malunga nolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma.
Ukufundisa ngendalo nokuyingqongileyo ndawonye nokwazisa ngayo kanti nokukhuthaza ubuchule nolwazi malunga nolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.8388.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo loLawulo loNgcoliseko neNkunkuma ukuququzelela nokuphuhlisa iinkqubo, iiprojekthi nolawulo lwentsebenziswano ukuqinisekisa ngolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma.
amasebe orhulumente wephondo oomasipala benqila abakweli phondo imisebenzi namashishini amaqumrhu azimeleyo imibutho esekelezwe eluntwini izikolo zemfundo namaziko-mfundo ephakamileyo uwonke-wonke/uluntu amasebe orhulumente abasebenzi abasemibuthweni.
Ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo, uwiso-mthetho, izicwangciso, imigangatho nezikhokelo ezimalunga nolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma.
Ukuxhasa oomasipala benqila abajongene neeprojekthi zolawulo longcoliseko nkunkuma.
Uphuhliso nokunatyiswa kwemimiselo eya kujongana nolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma, imigaqo-nkqubo yephondo neyoorhulumente benqila, uwiso-mthetho, izicwangciso, imigangatho, nezikhokelo.
Ukunika ingcaciso kumasebe esizwe ukuze kuphuculwe indlela ezenziwa ngayo izigqibo kwanokwenza igalelo kwingxelo engezendalo nokuyingqongileyo.
Ukunika ingcaciso malunga nolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma.
Ukufundisa ngendalo nokuyingqongileyo ndawonye nokwazisa ngayo kanti nokukhuthaza ubuchule nolwazi malunga nolawulo longcoliseko nenkunkuma.
<fn>GOV-ZA.85540.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sikhokelo sithi thaca izinto ekunfuneka uziqwalasele xa uqala ishishini lakho: - ukusukela kumbono woshishino ukuya kwezomthetho ugqithe uye kuma ekwaziseni ngeshishini lakho. Ukuba ungumnini-shishini omtsha - le yindawo ekulungeleyo ukuba uqale.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.85541.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba unawo amandla okumelana neemfuno zeshishini?
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86093.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Eli khaya linokuthwala amashumi amabini anesine amakhwenkwe aphakathi kweminyaka esixhenxe nelishumi elinesithandathu.
Kwa-42 Kumgaqo iRockeby, eCrawford.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86203.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
This home accommodates 40 boys between the ages of 8 and 18.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86234.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86404.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu shicilelo luqulethe iingcebiso ngokonga amanzi ekhayeni, emsebenzini kwanasesitiyeni sakho. Kungayinto elula nje ukonga ishumi ekhulwini kwimali oyihlawula emanzini ngonyaka, ngaphandle kokwenza nantoni na eza kuguqula kakhulu indlela obuphila ngayo ubomi bakho.
Yivale impompo xa uhlamba amazinyo akho (oku ke konga malunga namashumi amabini eelitha zamanzi), okanye xa ucheba iindevu (eli ke lona longa ukuya kumashumi amane anesihlanu eelitha zamanzi!).
Isitya sokuhlambela sisebenzisa amanzi abeleleka kwikhulu elinamashumi amathandathu eelitha zamanzi. Sebenzisa ishawa ebdaweni yesi sitya sokuhlambela, kodwa ke ukuba kunyzelekile ukuba usebenzise sona, sebenzisa isitya esincinane okanye uhlambe nomnye umntu.
Qinisekisa ukuba umatshini wakho wokuhlamba impahla kwakunye nesitya ohlambela kuso izitya zigcwele phambi kokuba uzisebenzise.
Cinga phambi kokuba uhlambisise iiglasi namacephe phantsi kwamanzi abalekayo.
Nciphisa amaxesha oyigungxula ngawo indlwana yangasese. Ukufaka isingxotyana esibizwa ngokuba yiHippo okanye ke ukubeka ibhotile yeplastiki ethwala iilitha ezimbini uyigcwalise ngamanzi kwithobi lendlu yakho yangasese kungakongela amanzi ama-7300 eelitha ngonyaka.
Khangela ukuba indlwana yakho yakho yangasese ayivuzi na ngokuthi ugalele amathontsasa edayi yokutya kwithobhi lakho - ukuba loo mbala ungena kweso sitya, iyavuza. Ukuvuza kwendlwana yangasese kungakuchithela amanzi afikelela kwiilitha ezingamashumi amathathu ngeyure!
Impompo echiphizayo (ithontsi elinye ngomzuzwana) ingakuchithela iilitha zamanzi ezifikelela kumashumi amathathu ngeyure - nto leyo eyenza ulahlekelwe lishumi lamawaka eelitha zamanzi ngonyaka!
Qinisekisa ukuba uyajonga ukuba indlwana yakho yangasese nempompo azivuzi ekhayeni lakho, esikolweni okanye emsebenzini ze ubize umntu ozilungisayo ukuba kukho ukuvuza okukhoyo. Ngamaxesha amaninzi imali ehlawulwayo ukungciba ukuvuza kubuyiswa ziintlawulo ezehlileyo zamanzi ngexesha elithile (amaxesha amaninzi ibuyiseka kwixesha elingaphantsi konyaka).
Ingaba usihlamba ngombhobho isithuthi sakho Khawucinge ngomahluko xa ubunokusebenzisa amabhakethi amabini amanzi ekuhlambeni esi sithuthi Oku ke kukongela amanzi afikelela kwiilitha ezingamashumi amathathu ngalo lonke ixesha uhlamba isithuthi sakho?
Izitiya zengca zizezona ndawo zinkcenkceshelwa kakhulu yaye zisebenzisa amanzi awaphinda-phinda kane amanzi asetyenziswa zezinye izitya. Qwalasela indlela onkcenkceshela ngayo, ingaba amanzi onkcenkceshela ngawo aphumela esitalatweni?
Nkcenkceshela isitiya sakho kuphela ngaphambi kwentsimb yeshum ekuseni okanye ke emva kwentsimbi yesine malanga.
Wuqwalasele nomba wokusebenzisa amanzi obuhlamba ngawo kwanawezitya ekunkcenkcesheleni iaiatiya sakho. Iinkqubo zokphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi abesele esebenzile ziyafumaneka ezivenkileni.
Khumbula eli cebo: ukunciphisa amathuba okunkcenkceshela isitiya sakho, kodwa wenze nzulu (ixesha elide),kukhuthaza indlela enzulu yeengcambu, nto leyo wkhokelela kwizityalo ezomeleleyo. Le ndlela ingadala izityalo eziwongayo amanzi kwizityalo ezininzi ezaziwayo.
Ingaba umzi-mveliso okanye isakhiwo osebenza kuso silawula, okanye sinemitshini yokugungxula yombane Aba matshini ke zezona zinto zidlalayo ngamanzi. Ukuba akunakukwazi ukubatshintsha bangazisebenzeli koko bagungxulwe ngumntu, nceda uwacime amanzi emva kwexesha lomsebenzi nangeempelaveki. Njengomzekelo ke, izikolo ezikwenzayo oku zonga imali efikelela kumawaka amahlanu eerandi kumatyala azo amanzi onyaka?
Ingaba umphathi wesakhiwo enisebenzela kuso uhlmba iindawo zokusebenzela nezokuhamba zesi sakhiwo ngombhobho Lo mkhwa uyinkcitha nje wona ngokucacileyo (loo nto ke ikwathetha kwemali)?
Ingaba sele ukhe wakhangela na ukuba akukho zindawo zivuza manzi kwindawo osebenzela kuyo?
Ukulungiswa kwempahla yezindlwana zangasese nako kungakongela amawaka-waka eelitha zamanzi agungxulwe kungekho mfuneko. Izindlwana zangasese kufuneka zithathe ixesha eliyimizuzwana emibini ukuya kwemine yaye zona iindawo zokuchamela kufuneka zithathe imizuzwana emithandathu ukuya kwesibhozo, ubuninzi.
Kungayintot elula ukonga ishumi ekhulwini kwityala lakho lamanzi lonyaka, nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekwenzeni ngcono indlela obuphila ngayo bakho.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86531.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86550.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86556.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86560.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86571.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86579.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86581.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86590.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.86597.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ipoliyo nemasisi zizifo ezosulela kakhulu nezibeka ubomi emngciphekweni yaye amaxesha amaninzi zisoloko zibangela umonakalo omkhulu nokukhubazeka.
Ugonyo olu licebo elisebenza kakhulu nelifikelelekayo nangemali lokuthintela ezi zifo kwanokukhusela abantwana bethu.
Amaphulo amakhulu achonga abantwana abangakhange bakwazi ukuya eziklinikhi ngamanye amaxesha abebelindeleke ngawo ukuze baye kufumana ugonyo. Ngale ndlela ke kukhuseleka abantwana abaninzi.
Akukwazi kugonya umntwana ngaphezu komlinganiselo. Nkqu nabantwana abagonywe ngokufanelekileyo bafumana inzuzo eyongezelekileyo kumaphul amakhulu okugonywa kwabantwana.
Isisongelo sepoliyo nemasisi sihlala sihleli sona. Nangona uMzantsi Afrika ukhe awafumana kuhlaselwa yile poliyo isithuba seminyaka evisayo nje, esi sifo siseyingxaki kumazwe amaninzi yaye singeza apha nomtyeleli osuka kwilizwe esigqugqisayo kulo.
Uninzi lwabantwana bethu baphila nentysholongwane kaGawulayo yaye basemngciphekweni wokosuleleka lula ingakumbi zizifo ezosulelayo. Kubakhusela nangakumbi ke abantwana ukubagonya.
Uninzi lwamazwe akhuseleke ngokugqibeleleyo kwipoliyo. UMzantsi Afrika nawo usondele ekuthatyathweni njengelizwe eliphume ngokuqibeleleyo kumngcipheko wokosuleleka yipoliyo nguMbutho Wehlabathi Wezempilo. Ukugqabhuka kwesi sifo kungagxobha-gxobha iminyaka emininzi yokusebenza nzima kwiinzame zokuthintela ukugqabhuka kwesi sifo.
Izifo ezi zingapeliswa kwihlabathi liphela. Ugonyo olu lwasinceda saphumelela ekupheliseni ingqakaqa. Ngumnqweno onokufezekiseka owo. Masisebenzisane ke ngoko nezinye izizwe ekufikeleleni kulo mnqweno.
<fn>GOV-ZA.86651.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ithala Leencwadi le-ATTIC livulelekile kulunt yaye liqulethe ulwazi kuzo zonke iinkalo ezinento yokwenza nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo/izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo nesifo sephepha. Eli thala leencwadi ke liqulethe uluhlu olugqibeleleyo lwemifanekiso bhanya-bhanya, amaphepha-ndaba aphuma ngamaxesha athile, imihlathi, iincwadi ezinikezela ngoqeqesho, iimpepha eziqulethe uphando, iingxelo, izintlu, amaphetshana aneenkcukacha ezithile, imihlathana esikwe kumaphepha-ndaba kwakunye neetshati. Eli ke lithala leencwadi ekuthunyelwa kulo abantu nelikwaziyo ukubolekisa ngemifanekiso bhanya-bhanya yalo eluthotho eluntwini.
Amaphepha athile angomba wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo/izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo nesifo sephepha angafumaneka kwiziko lokwamkela abantu leli thala.
Iincwadi zingakotshwa okanye ke kwenziwe uphando kuzo kwakweli thala.
Ixesha lokubolekisa ngemiboniso bhanya-bhanya liba yiveki. Le miboniso bhanya-bhanya ke ingacelwa kwangaphambili ukuqnisekisa ukuba iyafumaneka.
Ukuze ukwazi ukwenza uphando olululo noluneziphumo ezibonakalayo, nceda uqhagamshelane nomsebenzi weli thala ngaphambi kokuba utyelele.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ke tsalela kule nombolo yomnxeba 021 763 5333.
Iphepha ngalinye lekopi ekhutshiweyo: 20c.
<fn>GOV-ZA.86919.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinjongo zale Nkqubo kukusebenzisa iimali ezisuka kuhlahlo-mali lukarhulumente nolwamaqumrhu karhulumente ukunciphisa nokwehlisa amazinga entswela-ngqesho ngelixa isandisa amathuba abasebenzi okufumana ingeniso, mhlawumbi ngempangelo okanye ngeentshukumo zokuqala nokuqhuba amashishini. Injongo kukwehlisa amazinga entswela-ngqesho aye kuma kwizinga elisezantsi kwesigidi sabantu (ubuncinci amashumi amathandathu eepesenti zamanina, amashumi amathathu eepesenti zolutsha nesibini seepesenti zabantu abakhubazekileyo) eMzantsi Afrika phakathi ko-2004 no-2009.
I-EPWP yabhengezwa nguMongameli Thabo Mbeki kwiNtetho yakhe Yobume Besizwe ngenyanga yoMdumba ngo-20003.
Le nkqubo kazwelonke ibandakanya onke amabakala karhulumente kwakunye namashishini ombuso. Ijolise ekutsaleleni abantu abaninzi abangaphangeliyo ekusebenzeni ngendlela eveza iziqhamo futhi ikwaqulethe noqeqesho oluza kwangeza izakhono namandla okuba nakho ukufumana ingeniso.
Le nkqubo ijolise ekudaleni amathuba engqesho ngokwamaphulo emisebenzi yoluntu akha ngokusebenzisa abantu ngobuninzi babo. Malunga namashumi amathathu anesixhenxe amawaka eekilomitha zemigaqo, amashumi amathathu ananye amawaka eekhilomitha zeendlela zemibhobho, iwaka elinamakhulu amahlanu eekhilomitha zemisele yamanzi ezaqhwithi nekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu eekhilomitha emigaqwana yabahambi ngeenyawo yasezidolophini iya kwakhiwa.
Oku kuya kudala amathuba empangelo angamakhulu asixhenxe anamashumi amahlanu amawaka kusenzelwa abantu abangaphangeliyo kwiingingqi enzeka kuzo la maphulo.(Kuba ixesha eliqhelekileyo lala maphulo lidla ngokuba ziinyanga ezine, oku kuthetha ukuba ngabantu abangamakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu amawaka abaqeshwayo ngonyaka.) Bonke abasebenzi abaqeshwe kula maphulo baya kufumana uqeqesho, oluxhaswa ngezimali liSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Inkqubo yokufunda yecandelo lezoqoqosho ijolise ekubandakanyeni amakhulu amathathu abantu abangaphangeliyo kwizifundo zokuvula nokuqhuba amashishini kule minyaka mihlanu izayo. Kuqikelelwa ekubeni ishishini elincinci ngalinye elisekiweyo liya kuqesha abanye abantu abathathu abongeziweyo.
Le nkqubo yezifundo iya kunceda abanini-mashishini abaseneminqweno yokuphuhlisa izakhono namava adingekayo ekusekweni kwamashishini amancinci, aphakathi namakhulu. Abafundi baya kubhaliswa kwiinkqubo yezifundo ezixhaswa ngezimali yiSETA ze zixhaswe ukuseka amashishini amancinci. Izibhambathiso zokufunda ziya kubonelela ngamava asemsebenzini kubafundi. Abafundi baya kuziphumelela izifundo zabo benolwazi lobugcisa oludingekayo ukuze baqhube amashishini abo, ulwazi lokuba liqhutywa njani na ishishini, isiqinisekiso seNQF, amava kwanokusekwa kweenkcukacha zomntu zemali-mboleko.
Le nkqubo iya kukhokelela ekususweni nasekukhuculweni kwezivuno zezinye iingingqi kumakhulu amabini amawaka eehektare zomhlaba, ukulungiswa kwamashumi amane eengingqi zomhlaba ezinamanzi, ukusekwa kwamashumi amabini elwa nenqanda imililo, ukucocwa kwamakhulu asixhenxe eekhilomitha zonxweme, ukulungiswa kweshumi lamawaka eehektare zomhlaba, ukusekwa kwamashumi amathathu anambini eenkqubo zolawulo lobumdaka kwanokusekwa kwekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu amaphulo olondolozo lwembali namacandelo ezotyelelo loluntu ekuhlaleni.
Ukukhula Kwabantwana Abaselula.
Inkqubo Yononophelo Lwasekhaya Olusekelwe Kuluntu Ekuhlaleni ijolise ekudaleni ikhulu elinamashumi amabini anesibini lamawaka namakhulu amabini anamashumi amane ezithuba zemisebenzi (ishumi elinesixhenxe lamawaka namakhulu amane kuloo mathuba iya kufumaneka ngokwezibhambathiso zokufunda) eziya kutsala iminyaka emihlanu ngokwenkqubo embombo-ntathu eqhutywa ngentseenziswano neSETA Yezempilo Nentlalo-ntle.
Inkqubo Yokukhula Kwabantwana Abaselula ijolise ekuphuhliseni izakhono zeshumi elinethoba lamawaka nesibhozo samakhulu abantu abanonophela abantwana kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu, ngoko ke babe bongeza amandla abo okufumana ingeniso kwangaxesha-nye kuphuculwe icandelo lononophelo neendawo zokufundela zabantwana bethu.
Ulwazi oluphangaleleyo ngale Nkqubo luyafumaneka kwiwebsite ye-EPWP..
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.87102.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu ludwelisa imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo nepapashwa kumaphepha-ndaba asekuhlaleni.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.87102.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu ludwelisa imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo nepapashwa kumaphepha-ndaba asekuhlaleni.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA.8775.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyena loLawulo leMfundo eSebenzayo linoxanduva lolawulo lwemisebenzi yezithili, izikolo kunye namaziko achaphazelekayo akwimimandla yeedolophu neyamaphandle.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.8793.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana loCwangciso noPhuhliso lwezeMfundo linoxanduva lokwenza ikharityhulam nomgaqo-nkqubo wezikolo zikawonke-wonke; nokuxhasa izikolo zabasaza kuqala; ukuxhasa iqumrhu elilawulayo; imfundo yabadala; imfundo noqeqesho oluqhubekayo (iikholeji zobugcisa); ulawulo lweemviwo; ulwazi ngeteknoloji nokwenziwa kwe-multimedia.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.8883.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iimfuno ezizodwa zemfundo nophando.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.89092.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Urhulumente > uRhulumente Wephondo leNtshona Kapa > Department of Economic Development and Tourism > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > A &gt Athini Amalungelo Abathengi?
Athini Amalungelo Abathengi?
Uphando Lukazwelonke Ngemiba Yabathengi ngo-2004 lufumanise ukuba bambalwa kakhulu abemi boMzantsi Afrika abawaziyo amalungelo abo njengabathengi. Olu shicilelo lufutshane lubeka elubala amalungelo abathengi asibhozo ahlonitshwa lihlabathi ngokubanzi naluphawu lwemibutho namaphulo amalungelo abathengi. La malungelo awafani namalungelo oluntu athiwe thaca kuMgaqo-siseko, noxa ke esebenzisana futhi ehambelana ngeendlela ezininzi.
Bonke abathengi banelungelo lokufumana iimveliso neenkonzo ezingundoqo ezifana nokutya, amanzi okusela, indawo yokuhlala, impahla yokunxiba, unonophelo lwempilo nemfundo.
Abathengi banelungelo lokuzikhusela kwiimveliso neenkonzo ezibeka ukhuseleko lwabo emngciphekweni. Ezi mveliso zibeka ukhuseleko emngciphekweni zingakhokelela ekutshabalaleni kwempahla nezakhiwo, ekonzakaleni nditsho nasekusutyweni kukufa.
Abathengi banelungelo lokufumana ulwazi olupheleleyo ngexabiso, inani, kwanezithako kwabo banikezela ngeemveliso neenkonzo.
Abathengi banelungelo lokukhetha kuthotho lweemveliso neenkonzo ezisemgangathweni ezithengiswa ngamaxabiso akumgangatho oncumisayo.
Ukumelwa: Abathengi banelungelo lokumanyelwa futhi bavakale ngemiba, imigaqo-nkqubo, izicwangciso, iinkqubo nezigqibo ezibachaphazelayo.
Abathengi banelungelo lokuhoywa nokuthathelwa ingqalelo kwezikhalazo zabo ngeemveliso neenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophantsi, ezingakhuselekanga, ezimaxabiso axhome ngokuxhomisa amehlo, amabango angatshongo khona nanomkhethe nezinye nje iintshukumo ezibachaphazelayo ezingalunganga.
Abathengi banelungelo lokufundiswa ngendlela eza kubanceda bakhethe benolwazi futhi beluthembile ulwazi abanalo ngeemveliso neenkonzo.
Abathengi banelungelo lokuhlala nokuphangela kwindawo engabeki mnciphekweni impilo nobomi babo futhi engenakubangela ngozi kwisizukulwana esiphila ngoku kwaneso sisezayo.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngamalungelo abathengi, tyelela iwebsite yeNational Consumer Forum.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.89092.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Athini Amalungelo Abathengi?
Uphando Lukazwelonke Ngemiba Yabathengi ngo-2004 lufumanise ukuba bambalwa kakhulu abemi boMzantsi Afrika abawaziyo amalungelo abo njengabathengi. Olu shicilelo lufutshane lubeka elubala amalungelo abathengi asibhozo ahlonitshwa lihlabathi ngokubanzi naluphawu lwemibutho namaphulo amalungelo abathengi. La malungelo awafani namalungelo oluntu athiwe thaca kuMgaqo-siseko, noxa ke esebenzisana futhi ehambelana ngeendlela ezininzi.
Bonke abathengi banelungelo lokufumana iimveliso neenkonzo ezingundoqo ezifana nokutya, amanzi okusela, indawo yokuhlala, impahla yokunxiba, unonophelo lwempilo nemfundo.
Abathengi banelungelo lokuzikhusela kwiimveliso neenkonzo ezibeka ukhuseleko lwabo emngciphekweni. Ezi mveliso zibeka ukhuseleko emngciphekweni zingakhokelela ekutshabalaleni kwempahla nezakhiwo, ekonzakaleni nditsho nasekusutyweni kukufa.
Abathengi banelungelo lokufumana ulwazi olupheleleyo ngexabiso, inani, kwanezithako kwabo banikezela ngeemveliso neenkonzo.
Abathengi banelungelo lokukhetha kuthotho lweemveliso neenkonzo ezisemgangathweni ezithengiswa ngamaxabiso akumgangatho oncumisayo.
Ukumelwa: Abathengi banelungelo lokumanyelwa futhi bavakale ngemiba, imigaqo-nkqubo, izicwangciso, iinkqubo nezigqibo ezibachaphazelayo.
Abathengi banelungelo lokuhoywa nokuthathelwa ingqalelo kwezikhalazo zabo ngeemveliso neenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophantsi, ezingakhuselekanga, ezimaxabiso axhome ngokuxhomisa amehlo, amabango angatshongo khona nanomkhethe nezinye nje iintshukumo ezibachaphazelayo ezingalunganga.
Abathengi banelungelo lokufundiswa ngendlela eza kubanceda bakhethe benolwazi futhi beluthembile ulwazi abanalo ngeemveliso neenkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.89283.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.89293.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.8937.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ii- EMDC zeMetropole North zinoxanduva lolawulo lwemfundo nokuxhasa isithili seMetropole North kummandla wombindi weSixeko saseKapa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.89512.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba unamntu umaziyo owakha wenza umsebenzi obalaseleyo okanye owakha wenza into ebalulekileyo eyenzela iimfuno zeNtshona Koloni kulo nyaka uphelileyo?
Umthetho iWestern Cape Honours Act ka-1999 ukwenza ukwazi ukutyumba ummi wePhondo leNtshona Koloni, okanye ummi wangaphandle, owenze umsebenzi ophum'izandla nokuba wenze inkonzo engenachaphaza, oko ekwenzela iPhondo eli, uya kuthiwa jize ngembasa.
Ukuncoma kubekwa abantu abathe bakhuthaza abanye ngendlela abaziphethe ngayo engenagxeke. Kuya kugxininiswa isikakhulu kulutsha.
Ungatyumba abantu asele bephumeze izinto ezibonakalayo kumacandelo afana naweteknoloji, imizi-mveliso, amashishini, imisebenzi, ezemfundo, uphando, imidalo, ubugcisa, ubunkokeli kwezolutsha kwakunye nakwiinkonzo zoluntu.
Isigqeba seeNgcebiso siso esiya kuwaqwalasela onke amagama aphakanyisiweyo zinike nenkxaso yaso kwiNkulumbuso kwanakwiKhabhinethi yePhondo ukuze ibe yiyo eyenza isigqibo.
okanye thumela ifaksi yakho ku: 021 483 3358.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.89512.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba unamntu umaziyo owakha wenza umsebenzi obalaseleyo okanye owakha wenza into ebalulekileyo eyenzela iimfuno zeNtshona Koloni kulo nyaka uphelileyo?
Umthetho iWestern Cape Honours Act ka-1999 ukwenza ukwazi ukutyumba ummi wePhondo leNtshona Koloni, okanye ummi wangaphandle, owenze umsebenzi ophum'izandla nokuba wenze inkonzo engenachaphaza, oko ekwenzela iPhondo eli, uya kuthiwa jize ngembasa.
Ukuncoma kubekwa abantu abathe bakhuthaza abanye ngendlela abaziphethe ngayo engenagxeke. Kuya kugxininiswa isikakhulu kulutsha.
Ungatyumba abantu asele bephumeze izinto ezibonakalayo kumacandelo afana naweteknoloji, imizi-mveliso, amashishini, imisebenzi, ezemfundo, uphando, imidalo, ubugcisa, ubunkokeli kwezolutsha kwakunye nakwiinkonzo zoluntu.
Isigqeba seeNgcebiso siso esiya kuwaqwalasela onke amagama aphakanyisiweyo zinike nenkxaso yaso kwiNkulumbuso kwanakwiKhabhinethi yePhondo ukuze ibe yiyo eyenza isigqibo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.8955.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.89609.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Isicatshulwana esisuka kupapasho oluthi "Facilitating Entrepreneurship in Tourism", esi sikhokelo sijoliswe ekuncedeni abanini-mashishini ezotyelelo ukuba baqale amashishini kwicandelo lezotyelelo. Siquka iinkcukacha ngokufumanisa ngemimiselo yoshishino eyahlukeneyo ze iqinisekise futhi ukuba ishishini lakho liyayithobela.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.8991.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ii- EMDC zeMetropole South zinoxanduva lolawulo lwemfundo nokuxhasa isithili seSouth Metropole kummandla wombindi weSixeko seKapa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9009.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le EMDC inoxanduva lolawulo lwemfundo nokuxhasa izithili zeWest Coast/Winelands.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9027.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
I-EMDC inoxanduva lolawulo lwemfundo nenkxaso kwizithili zeBreede River/Overberg.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.90448.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Olu ke luluhlu lweenombolo eziluncedo nezibalulekileyo onokuzigcina ecaleni komnxeba ukwenzela amaxesha kaxakeka. Unakho kanti nokwangeza iinombolo zakho ezibalulekileyo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.90448.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu ke luluhlu lweenombolo eziluncedo nezibalulekileyo onokuzigcina ecaleni komnxeba ukwenzela amaxesha kaxakeka. Unakho kanti nokwangeza iinombolo zakho ezibalulekileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.91083.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe leMfundo leNtshona Koloni libonelela abafundi abahlwempuzekileyo ngeebhasari, ngendawo yokufundela enomtsalane nekhuselekileyo, ngothutho ukusuka kwezona zitishi zikaloliwe zikufuphi kubafundi abahlala emakhaya, ngootitshala abanamava nabafunde de bayityekeza imfundo, ngezibonelelo zodidi oluphezulu kunye nezibonelelo ezigqibeleleyo zezemidlalo nezokuziphumza ingqondo.
ISebe leMfundo leNtshona Koloni lidlulisela esi simemo sisodwa kubaqeshwa balo bakaRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni ukuba bafake izicelo zobhaliso kwezi zithuba zikhoyo egameni labantwana babo, ukuba abantwana abo baza kungenela iBakala 10 okanye 11 ngo-2005, ungadlulanga umhla wama-26 Novemba 2004.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9135.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMlawuli onoxanduva lweenkonzo zolwazi olumalunga zeteknoloji, ithala leencwadi, ulwimi kunye nezinto ezifana nokwenziwa kwezinto ezifana ne-CD (Multmedia).
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<fn>GOV-ZA.92573.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Urhulumente unomgaqo-nkqubo wokunikezela ngamathuba eethenda kwiinkampani ezithile. Oko ke kukuthi urhulumente uthathela ingqalelo eminye imiba engeloxabiso xa anikezela ngethenda. Ukuba inkampani ethile ithi iziveze njengenkampani yenkqubo yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama, ngelixa ingekho phantsi kwabalawuli abamnyama, le nkampani inetyala "lokukhohlisa".
Amashumi amane ezigidi-gidi zeerandi asisabelo sikarhulumente wephondo esibekelwe bucala ukunikezela ngeethenda ngonyaka kufuneka aye kwiinkampani eziphantsi kwenkqubo yoqoqosho lwabamnyama.
Urhulumente Wephondo uzinikele ekuthabatheleni kuye izityholo zeenkohliso zeenkampani eziphosisa ngokuthi ziphantsi kwabalawuli abamnyama ngokumandla. Kukho ukuxhalaba ngeenkampani ezikhohlisa ngokuzenza iinkampani zenkqubo yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama ngeenjongo zokuphucula amathuba azo okufumana ezi zibhambathiso zeethenda.
uMphathiswa wePhondo weSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho, uLynne Brown, ukhuphe umyalelo wokuba iinkampani nabantu abafaka amabango eethenda afunyaniswe enetyala lokukhohlisa urhulumente aya kubekwa izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Izibhambathiso esele zizifumene ezi nkampani nazo zingarhoxiswa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.92664.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.92680.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Nalu uluhlu lwezixhobo ezingundoqo neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano eziya kukunceda ukuba unomdla ekuqaliseni ngeshishini lezobunjineli okanye lezophando nophuhliso.
yiTechnology and Human Resources for Industry Programme (iTHRIP) - ephantsi kolawulo lweNational Research Foundation. I-THRIP le ixhasa uphando nophuhliso kolu shishino ikunye namahlakani asuka kumacandelo ophando, kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, nakushishino, ukuphuhlisa umgangatho weemveliso, oweenkonzo nowabantu abamele iinkampani ezithabatha inxaxheba. Ikwenza oku ngokunikezela ngezibonelelo kwakunye nesikhokelo sentsebenziswano kwinzululwazi, ezobunjineli nobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa. Elinye lamabali empumelelo amaninzi ale nkqubo kukuyilwa lishishini elincinci ekungoku nje linenemveliso ekwenziwe uphando olugqibeleleyo ngayo ze yamkelwa ngokupheleleyo kwicandelo loshishino: ikhamera eyodwa ekhangela iimpazamo kwizikhundla zemveliso, ikwenza oko ngokusebenzisa ubugcisa bokubona.
Ingxowa-mali Ekhuthaza Iingcinga Ezintsha - ephantsi kolawulo lweSebe leNzululwazi Nobugcisa. L e ngxowa-mali ijolise kumaphulo asemgangathweni nadinga inkxaso-mali ephakathi kwesigidi nezigidi ezintlanu zeerandi. Le nkxaso ijoliswe ekuncedeni amaphulo amakhulu, athabatha iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu yentsebenziswano najonge ekuzeni neengcinga ezintsha kwicandelo lobugcisa. Le Ngxowa-mali ayenzelwanga kuxhasa amaphulo amancinci abenokuxhaswa ngezimali ngokwezinye iinkqubo ezifana neTHRIP.
Khawufumanise ukuba iSABS iceba ukuwuphucula njani umgangatho weemveliso neenkonzo zoMzantsi Afrika.
I-CSIR le ngowona mbutho mkhulu wophando lwenzululwazi nobugcisa eMzantsi Afrika. Lo mbutho uzichaza njengeqabane labantu baseMzantsi Afrika kwezobugcisa.
Injongo yawo kukuphucula ubomi babantu baseMzantsi Afrika ngokophando. Kukho amacandelo asibhozo ophando agxininisa kuthotho oluphangaleleyo lobugcisa, olufana neenkqubo zeenqwelo-ntaka, izakhiwo, ezonxibelelwano, ukutya, ulwazi, izibonelelo zoluntu, ezemizi-mveliso, izixhobo zokwakha, ezezimbiwa, ezemiqhaphu kwanendalo engqongileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.92743.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ulawulo Lwezibonelelo Zoluntu zingayo yonke imiba engabasebenzi bakho, ukusuka ekubatsaleleni ukuba babe ngabasebenzi bakho ukuya kuma kwizikhalazo nokupheliswa kwempangelo.
Mangaphi amaxesha okhe uve amashishini esithi eyona mpahla yawo ibalulekileyo ngabasebenzi Ngokubanzi, oku ke kuyinyaniso, kodwa ke uyikhuthaza njani le mpahla ukuze iqhubekeke zifaka igalelo elinexabiso kwishishini lakho?
Imivuzo neentlawulo ozinika abasebenzi bakho kufuneka zibe semgangathweni. Kufuneka wazi ukuba ishishini lakho lingakwazi ukuhlawula kangakanani na nokuba imigangatho yeentlawulo nemivuzo kwicandelo lamashishini afana nelo lakho ime phi na. Ukuba akukwazi kuhlawula njengoko amashishini okhuphisana nawo esenza, kufuneka ubanike ezinye iindlela zokubakhuthaza abasebenzi bakho ezisekelwe kwingeniso yeshishini elo.
Iimeko zempangelo kufuneka zithobele imigangatho nemithetho yezempilo neyokhuseleko lwabasenenzi.
Kufuneka ube nesibhambathiso sengqesho esibhalwer phantsi kuye wonke umsebenzi wakho, futhi kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba bayayiqonda imithetho yomsebenzi wabo.
Nika ingqawalasela kumba wokuba kunokwenzeka ntoni na ukuba umntu othile obalulekileyo kwishishini lakho unokuthi ngesiquphe angabi nakukwazi ukuphangela ixesha elide. Ukuba oku kunokuba yintlekele, kufuneka ukhusele ishishini lakho kwiimeko zokungabi nakufumana iingeniso ezithile, ukuze ube nokuhlala ushishina ngesiqhelo de abuye loo mntu okanye ke ungaqeqesha omnye umntu endaweni yalowo.
Izibonelelo zoluntu licandelo elidinga izakhono ezisemgathweni, ngokuya likhula ishishini lakho, nezibonelelo zakho zoluntu ziya kuphuhla. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi xa kulixesha lokufumanela ishishini lakho uqeqesho olusemgangathweni lweZibonelelo Zoluntu. Xa ishishini lifikelela kwinqanaba elithile ngokobukhulu, usenokubona kunyanzelekile ukuba uqeshe uMphathi wezibonelelo zoluntu.
Ukuba ishishini lakho lifikelela kwimeko apho kufuneka abasebenzi bephulukene nemisebenzi yabo okanye ishishini lona buqu lisemngciphekweni wokufa, futhi inokubaonakaliswa ukuba ukuba oku kuthi kwnezeke, kuya kuchaphazela amashishini aloo ngingqi, loo mmandla okanye elo candela loshishino kwisizwe sonke, ungathi ufake isicelo senkxaso-mali kurhulumente, ncedo olo lubizwa njenge-Ngxowa-mali Yocwangciso Loluntu.
Olu ncedo luquka iinkcukacha neenkonzo kubasebenzi abadendiweyo nabaqeshi. Injongo yezo nkcukacha kukuzama ukubuyisela abasebenzi abadendiweyo kwingqesho.
Oku kulungele kakhulu amashishini amakhulu okanye iintlobo zamashishini ezifana nezempahla enxitywayo, ezezimbiwa okanye ezoqhagamshelwano ngobugcisa beminxeba apho abasebenzi banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokudendwa xa uqoqosho lwehlabathi luchaphazela elo shishini kabuhlungu ngamandla.
Kusenjalo, kubalulekile ukuba wazi ngeNgxowa-mali Yocwangciso Loluntu, nokuba sele uneshishinana elincinci.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.92758.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ziintoni Iimpepha Ezixhasayo Neevawutsha?
Kufuneka Agcinwe Ixesha Elingakanani Amarekodi?
Zeziphi Iincwadi Ezigcinwayo Ngendlela Esisiseko Yogcino-ncwadi?
Ishishini kufuneka ligcine zonke iirekodi zazo zonke iimveliso neenkonzo elizinikiweyo okanye elinikezele ngazo lona ngokweenkcukacha ezaneleyo ukuze iReceiver of Revenue ibe nokukwazi ukuchonga iimveliso okanye iinkonzo kwaneenkampani ezinikezela ngazo okanye abathunywa bazo.
Onke amarekodi anento yokwenza kwizinto ezithengwe kubavelisi bamanye amazwe.
Ingaba Kufuneka Agcinwe Ixesha Elingakanani Amarekodi?
Amarekodi angagcinwa ngokohlbo lwencwadi, afana neempepha neevawutsha, kufuneka agcinwe ubuncinci ixesha eliyiminyaka emihlanu ukususela kumhla wokugqitywa kwentsebenziswano, kwentshukumo opkanye intsebenzo anento yokwenza nawo.
Zeziphi Iincwadi Ezigcinwa Ngokohlobo Logcino-zincwadi Olusisiseko?
Ukulawula ishishini elincinci.
<fn>GOV-ZA.92944.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izicwangciso ngekamva leshishini lakho.
Ukuba akujongi ngaphambili, kunokubakho iziganeko eziza kuwe onokungakwazi ukumelana nazo. Xa oku kusenzeka, ingxaki uphela uyithatha ngenye indlela engayilungelanga endaweni yokujongana nayo ngendlela epholileyo nelungele ingxaki efana naleyo. Iingxaki ezininzi zoshishino zingasonjululwa ukuba unokunciphisa ukuza kweengxaki ube ungazilindelanga.
Ukujongana nengxaki sele ikho ungayilindelanga endaweni yokuba nesicwangciso esiphangaleleyo kwangexesha kungakhokelela kwizigqibo ezingalilungelanga ishishini nezinokulibulala ishishini lakho kwisithuba esisezayo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko yoshishino ungathanda ukuba kwimeko apho unokuwasebenzisa amathuba avelayo, ungabi semva uzamana nokusombulula iingxaki ezadlulayo ongazange umelane nazo ngela xesha zazisavela nezazinokuthintelwa ngokuthi ucwangcisele ishishini lakho ngendlela eyiyo.
Ingaba kufuneka zenziwe emva kwexesha elingakanani izicwangciso zoshishino?
Ngokubanzi, ucvwangciso loshishino yinto eqhubekekayo. Le nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe phambi kokuqala kwenyanga nganye.
Ingaba ishishini ngalinye lizenza njani izicwangciso?
Bhala phsntsi ukuba ufuna iintengiso zakho zime phj na ngenyanga kunye nezinye iinjongo odinga ukuzizuza ukuze uphucule ishishini lakho.
Xa oku sele kudwelisiwe, futhi nenyanga iphelile, ungathelekisa ukuba uzizuzile na ezi ntengiso nezinye iinjongo ekupheleni kwenyanga nganye.
Nokuba sele ulishishini elincinci kangakanani na, kungumbono omhle ukuhlola iintshukumo zakho zonyaka kwicandelo loshishino okulo, ze ujonge nokuba linempumelelo kangakanani na ishishini lakho unyaka nonyaka, leliphi icebo elisebenzileyo nokuba kufuneka kutshintshe ntoni na.
Ungalwenza olu hlolo namanye amalungu abasebenzi okanye umcebisi oyingcali kwicandelo leshishini lakho. Ukufumana ulwazi olubanzi ukusuka ekuqaleni kokusebenza kweshishini lakho kululutho futhi kunceda ekukunikeni iingcinga ngekamva leshishini lakho ebezingenakuza xa ubuqhuba nje ishishini lakho njengesiqhelo. Uhlolo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye ngumsebenzi onzima kodwa kumaxesha amaninzi luza amathuba. Oku kuyinyaniso kakhulu ukuba unqwenela ukulikhulisa ishishini lakho, okanye ulinwenwisele nakumazwe angaphandle.
Umzekelo: Yintoni iminqweno yakho ngokwabasebenzi?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izicwangciso ngabasebenzi obadingayo - kwenzeka ntoni ukuba abona basebenzi bakho babalulekileyo bathi bahlaselwe kukugula okanye bakushiye, ingaba ishishini lakho lingakwazi ukuqhubekeka lisebenza xa kungekabikho mntu wokungena endaweni yalowo ungekhoyo kwisikhundla esibalulekileyo Kwakhona, kungakuthabatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana umntu onezakhono ezifanele eso sithuba - oku kuba njalo ingakumbi xa izithuba ezo zifuna abasebenzi abaziincutshe kwimisebenzi yabo?
Kukwafuneka wazi apho unokumelana neendleko zokuqesha abanye abasebenzi nokuba ungakwazi ukubahlawula malini na.
Imali yokusebenza ziimali ezikhoyo kwishishini lakho ukumelana neendleko zemihla ngemihla ngelixa kusetyenzwa njengesiqhelo, ingakumbi ukuba uhlawulwa emva kokuba umsebenzi uqoshelisiwe kunokuhlawulwa ngenyanga nganye. Kumanye amashishini, ingakumbi kumashishini asakhasayo, kubalulekile ukuxoxa nabathengi bakho ukuba bazahlule iintlawulo (umzekelo, uhlawulwe ishumi leepesenti ekuqaleni, amashumi amathathu eepesenti wakugqiba isiqendu sokuqala selo phulo ze intsalela uyifumane xa iphulo uliqpshelise lonke). Oku kukunceda ekubeni nemalana yokuqhuba uhlawule neendleko zomsebenzi ekufuneka uwenzile.
Kufuneka wazi xa iintengiso zihamba kancinci kwishishini lakho. Kuba kaloku kumanye amashishini, oku kunokuba ngeenyanga zasebusika, kumanye ixesha lasebusika linokuba lelona loshishino. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyahlala kushishino - futhi uchume - minyaka le, kuya kufuneka wazi iindlela eziqhuba ngayo iintengiso zakho phakathi enyakeni, ukuze ube nokuwalindela uxhobile nawaphi na amaxesha xa isehla imali engenayo kunaleyo yesiqhelo isuka kwiintengiso (ukuhla nokwenyuka kweentengiso). Ukuba oku akwenziwanga ngendlela efanelekileyo, ishishini aliyi kuba nakho ukuhlawula amatyala alo futhi liya kuba semngciphekweni. Ukuba uzicwangcisa ngendlela eyiyo iintengiso zakho, ukuhla nokwenyuka kwazo, uya kuba nayo imali eya kukunceda kwiinyanga ezinzima.
<fn>GOV-ZA.93054.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Luhlobo oluthile lomhlaza emadodeni. Ungavela nokuba umntu ubudala bungakanani na kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda asematsha, abudala buyiminyaka ephakathi kwamashumi amabini namashumi amane. Ngamaxesha amaninzi, iba lityhalarha elinye kuphela elichaphazelekayo. Unobangela womhlaza wamatyhalarha awaziwa. Uhlasela amadoda kwixesha apho azixakekise kakhulu ngokuchuma kokufumana abantwana nokuqala iintsapho.
Amadoda anembali yamatyhalarha angenamvelo ibambekayo(alungisiweyo okanye angalungiswanga). Lo mngcipheko unyuka uye kuma kwishumi elinanye ekhulwini lamathuba okuhlaselwa sesi sigulo. Zonke iintsana ezingamakhwenkwe kufuneka zikhangelwe ekuzalweni ukuba azinamatyhalarha amdaka na.
Amadoda anembali yosapho nemfuzo yomhlaza wamatyhalarha.
Ukuziphendla-phendla amatyhalarha kwenzeka kakuhle emva kokuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu, esityeni sokuhlambela okanye kwishawa efudumeleyo. Ubushushu buyasikhulula isingxobo samatyhalarha, nto leyo ekwenza kube lula ukufumanisa nantoni na engaqhelekanga.
Vavanya ityhalarha ngalinye ngezandla zozibini. Beka umnwe wakho wokuqala nale iphakathi ngaphantsi kwetyhalarha ze ubhontsi abe ngaphezu kwetyhalarha. Ungothuswa kukuba elinye ityhalarha likhangeleka lilikhulu kancinci nje kunelinye - oku ke kuqhelekile. Amanqatha omhlaza aqhele ukufumaneka kumacala etyhalarha, kodwa ke asenokufumaneka kumbindi womphambili wetyhalarha.
Fumana into ethambileyo nekhangeleka njengombhobho emva kwamatyhalarha. Oku ke kubizwa ngokuba yi-epididymis, eqokelela ze ithwale ukuchuma kwakho. Ziqhelanise nale nto. Ungayibhidanisi nenqathana nje eliza nokugula.
ityhalarha elikhulu ubunzima betyhalarha okanye kumphakatho inguqu kwindlela ityhalarha elivakala ngayo amabele neengono ezande ngobukhulu incindi ethi isuke ithontelane kwisingxobo samatyhalarha intlungu kwityhalarha.
Ukuba kuthi kuvakale nawaphi na amanqathana, ukukhula, ukudumba okanye iinguqu kwinkangeleko yesingxobo samatyhalarha - bonana nogqirha.
Ukuba kukho ubunzinyana okanye intlungu - bonana nogqirha.
Ukuba amabele neengono zithi zivakale zikhulile ze/okanye isingxobo samatyhalarha naso sivakale sidumbile ngesiquphe - bonana nogqirha.
Ukuba akubonakali zinto zingaqhelekanga - qhubekeka nokuziphendla-phendla amatyhalarha de ube namashumi amane ukuya kumashumi amane anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala.
Umhlaza wamatyhalarha unamathuba amaninzi okunyangeka, ingakumbi xa ufunyaniswe ze wanyangwa kuselithuba.
Ukususwa kwelinye ityhalarha akukuphazamisi okanye kukuchaphazele ukuchuma okanye iintshukumo zesondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.93212.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
uRhulumente uze nenkqubo entsha yoqeqesho ebizwa ngokuba kukuxhobisa ngezakhono zokusebenza. Abaqeshi badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekisweni kobukho bezi nkqubo zoqeqeasho. Eli phetshana linikezela ingcaciso ngeenzuzo neendleko zezi nkqubo zokuxhobisa uluntu ngezakhono zokusenza kubaqeshi.
Yintoni le Nkqubo Yokuxhobisa Ngezakhono?
Ziintoni Ezona Nzuzo zale Nkqubo Yokuxhobisa Uluntu Ngezakhono?
Zintoni Iindleko Nembuyekezo Enikezelwayo?
Ndingaqinisekisa Njani Ukuba Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezakhoni Isebenza Ngokwezicwangciso?
<fn>GOV-ZA.93225.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Inkonzo Engxamisekileyo Yokuthintela Ukukhulelwa ingancedisa ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwea okungalindelekanga. Nangona le nkonzo Ingxamisekileyo Yokucwangicsa ingasetyenziswa iiyure ezilikhulu elinamashumi amabini nje (iintsuku ezintlanu) emva kokuzibandakanya komntu wkintshukumo yesondo engakhuselekanga, kungakuhle kakhulu ukuba inokuqala ukusetyenziswa kwiiyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini (kwiintsuku ezintathu) emva kwaloo ntshukumo ingakhuselekanga yesondo yaye isebenzisa kakuhle nangcono xa isetyenziswe kwisithuba seeyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine emva kwale ntshukumo yokwabelana ngesondo ingakhuselekanga. Inkonzo Engxamisekileyo Yokucwangcisa ayikhukukhuseli TU kwintsholongwane kaGawulayo/kuGawulayo.
Ukuba udinga ulwazi ngamacebo okuthintela ukyukhulelwa emva kokuzibandakanya kwintshukumo yokwabelana ngesondo engakhuselekanga, ungaqhagamshelana neziko elinikezela inkonzo Yokucwangcisa Engxamisekileyo kule nombolo yalo ingahlawulelwayo 0800 2 46 4 32 okanye ke utyelele le website www.not-2-late.co.za. Le nombolo yoncedo olukhawulezileyo ke ingakunceda ngokuthi ikunike amagama neenombolo zoqhagamshelwano zeengcali zecandelo lezempilo ezikwingingqi yakho ezinokukunceda zona ngenkonzo yazo engxamisekileyo yokuthintela ukukhulelwa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.93225.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkonzo Engxamisekileyo Yokuthintela Ukukhulelwa ingancedisa ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwea okungalindelekanga. Nangona le nkonzo Ingxamisekileyo Yokucwangicsa ingasetyenziswa iiyure ezilikhulu elinamashumi amabini nje (iintsuku ezintlanu) emva kokuzibandakanya komntu wkintshukumo yesondo engakhuselekanga, kungakuhle kakhulu ukuba inokuqala ukusetyenziswa kwiiyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini (kwiintsuku ezintathu) emva kwaloo ntshukumo ingakhuselekanga yesondo yaye isebenzisa kakuhle nangcono xa isetyenziswe kwisithuba seeyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine emva kwale ntshukumo yokwabelana ngesondo ingakhuselekanga. Inkonzo Engxamisekileyo Yokucwangcisa ayikhukukhuseli TU kwintsholongwane kaGawulayo/kuGawulayo.
Ukuba udinga ulwazi ngamacebo okuthintela ukyukhulelwa emva kokuzibandakanya kwintshukumo yokwabelana ngesondo engakhuselekanga, ungaqhagamshelana neziko elinikezela inkonzo Yokucwangcisa Engxamisekileyo kule nombolo yalo ingahlawulelwayo 0800 2 46 4 32 okanye ke utyelele le website www.not-2-late.co.za. Le nombolo yoncedo olukhawulezileyo ke ingakunceda ngokuthi ikunike amagama neenombolo zoqhagamshelwano zeengcali zecandelo lezempilo ezikwingingqi yakho ezinokukunceda zona ngenkonzo yazo engxamisekileyo yokuthintela ukukhulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.93241.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi zifundo zizifundo eziphangaleleyo ezijoliswe ekuxhobiseni abathabathi-nxaxheba ngolwazi ukuze bayiqonde ngqo imiba ebandakanyekayo kumcimbi wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo/Izifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo Ngendlela Engakhuselekanga/Isifo Sephepha kwanendlela eyiyo yokuphatha abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwanabo bachatshazelwayo ngulo bhubhane.
Nceda uqhagamshelane noCarrol Jacobs kule nombolo yomnxeba 021 763 5330 ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha.
Inkqubo Yezicwangciso zezi zifundo iqulethe iinkcukacha zezifundo eziqhutywa apha ku-2005.
Le nkonzo ifumaneka simahla kubo bonke abasebenzi bakarhulumente, abemibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente kwakunye nabasebenzi bemibutho yasekuhlaleni.
<fn>GOV-ZA.93358.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.93362.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
The old municipal buildings in Guguletu.
Court sits from 9am.
Machell Jacobs, Community Court Prosecutor.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.93369.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.93389.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ukhubazekile, ungasifaka isicelo secwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo kumaspala wakho. Eli cwecwe ke likuvumela ukuba upake kwiindawo zokupaka ezibekelwe bucala abaqhubi abakhubazekileyo yaye liyakukhupha wena kwimiqathango ethile yokupaka ngamaxesha athile.
ukuhamba kwakho kukhubazeke ngenxa yesigulo somzimba okanye sengqondo esiqhubekekayo, okanye ke ukuhamba kwakho kusakhubazeke okwexeshana kodwa kuphazamiseke kakhulu.
Abanye oorhulumente bamakhaya badinga ukuba ugqirha agcwalise icandelo ellithile leli phetshana lesicelo, ngoko ke eli phetshana kufuneka liye kulandwa kwangexesha. Nceda uqhagamshelane nesebe lezendlela elikufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane ingqiniseko yokuba uyayidinga na incwadi esuka kugqirha kusini na.
Ukuba uthi ufumane icwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo, kufuneka uliveze ngokucacileyo kwifestile yangaphambili yesithuthi sakho.
Nceda uqonde ukuba eli cwecwe lokupaka labahubi abakhubazekileyo linikezelwa ngye nawuphi na urhulumente wekhaya linganganakanwa ngoko nangoko ngomnye urhulumente wekhaya.
Intlawulo efunekayo ukuze umntu abe nokulifumana eli cwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo ayilingani futhi ixhomekeka kuloo maspala.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9359.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9375.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9376.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9393.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kweso sixhobo soncedo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo. Ifumaneka ngesiNgesi kuphelai.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.94221.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9460.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
IForum yamaPolisa yasekuhlaleni (i-CPF) iqulethe imibutho namaziko anjengezikolo, imibutho yabahlawuli-rhafu, imibutho yoluthu, amashishini kunye namaziko enkolo, asebenzisana namapolisa engingqi. Injongo ye-CPF kukudala nokugcina indawo ekhuselekileyo nenokhuselo kubemi abahlala kummandla waloo CPF.
I-CPF iphuhlisa izicwangciso zokhuseleko loluntu ekuhlaleni rhoqo ngonyaka nezithi ziphawule izinto eziphambili neemfuno zasekuhlaleni. Ezi zinto ziphambili neemfuno zisekwa luluntu kwimimandla kwi-CPF, ze zibe yinxenye yesicwangciso somsebenzi wesikhululo samapolisa kwingingqi. I-CPF ingaphinda icwangcise futhi izalisekise iiprojekthi ezizezayo zokhuseleko kwaye ingenza isicelo senkxaso-mali yale misebenzi kurhulumente wephondo (fundile please put this linke around the correct wordsinputter: link to URL for a href="http://www.capegateway.gov.za/xho/directories/services/11459/9518").
Amalungu eqela eligunyazisiweyo kwizikhululo zamapolisa kwingingqi, anoxanduva lokuseka iiCPF kwiindawo ahlala kuzo. Phantse yonke imimandla enezikhululo zamapolisa eNtshona Koloni inayo iCPF. I-CPF nganye inomgaqo-siseko wayo (osekelwe kumgaqo-siseko ofanayo) kunye neenjongo, kwaye inganazo neeForum ezingaphantsi nezineenjongo ezizodwa. IKomiti yeSigqeba esiLawulayo ye-CPF kufuneka yonyulwe rhoqo ngonyaka. Ilungu leqela eligunyazisiweyo kufuneka rhoqo libe lilungu leKomiti yeSigqeba esiLawulayo, kodwa usihlalo kunye nesekela-sihlalo ingabililo ipolisa.
Ungaqhagamshelana ne-CPF yakho ngokuqhagamshelana nesikhululo samapolisa esikwingingqi yakho. Ungajonga ukuba isikhululo samapolisa kwindawo yakho sinayo na i-CPF ngokujonga kolu luhlu.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9460.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amalungu eqela eligunyazisiweyo kwizikhululo zamapolisa kwingingqi, anoxanduva lokuseka iiCPF kwiindawo ahlala kuzo. Phantse yonke imimandla enezikhululo zamapolisa eNtshona Koloni inayo iCPF. I-CPF nganye inomgaqo-siseko wayo (osekelwe kumgaqo-siseko ofanayo) kunye neenjongo, kwaye inganazo neeForum ezingaphantsi nezineenjongo ezizodwa. IKomiti yeSigqeba esiLawulayo ye-CPF kufuneka yonyulwe rhoqo ngonyaka. Ilungu leqela eligunyazisiweyo kufuneka rhoqo libe lilungu leKomiti yeSigqeba esiLawulayo, kodwa usihlalo kunye nesekela-sihlalo ingabililo ipolisa.
Ungaqhagamshelana ne-CPF yakho ngokuqhagamshelana nesikhululo samapolisa esikwingingqi yakho. Ungajonga ukuba isikhululo samapolisa kwindawo yakho sinayo na i-CPF ngokujonga kolu luhlu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.94688.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iBambanani Against Crime lijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iiholide zokuphela konyaka zika2004/2005 zikhuselekile ngokuthi landise ukubonakala nokufikeleleka kwamapolisa kwiindawo ezixakekileyo, kuquka iilwandle, oololiwe kwanamaziko aneevenkile.
Kwiiholide zehlobo lika-2004/2005 amapolisa namanye amaqumrhu ajongene nokunyanzeliswa kokuthotyelwa komthetho ekunye namavolontiya asekuhlaleni kwakunye namalungu amaqoqo ajongene nolwaphulo-mthetho kwiingingqi ezithile aya kube athabatha inxaxheba kwiPhulo Leeholide Ezikhuselekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abemi nabatyeleli bonwabela iKrismesi noNyaka Omtsha omyoli nokhuselekileyo.
Iphulo lonyaka ophelileyo leeholide zokuphela konyaka ezikhuselekileyo zakhokelela kwelona xesha leeholide zokuphela konyaka likhuselekileyo eNtshona Koloni kwishumi leminyaka.
ezindleleni - ngokuthi kujongwane nokuqhutywa kwezithuthi abantu bephantsi kweempembelelo zotywala, ukumiswa kwezithuthi ezindleleni kwakunye neenkundla ezizodwa kwimigaqo u-N1 no-N2.
kumaziko aneevenkile, kwiintshukumo zoluntu nezasekuhlaleni - ngokuthi kwandiswe ukhuseleko.
iBambanani (igama lesiXhosa elithetha ukuthi yimani kunye/manyanani) lenzelwe ukumanya bonke abantu namahlakani ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho. IBambanani le iphuhlisa futhi iphakamise ubudlelwane phakathi kwamapolisa noluntu ekuhlaleni futhi ikwakhuthaza nokuba uluntu luzidle ngendima yalo ekuthintelweni kolwaphulo-mthetho.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9493.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ke inikezela ngolwazi ngemiba yezolimo ngokubanzi, ndawonye nangeendlela ezithile zokulawula iifama. Eli thala ke likwanothotho lweencwadi, iimagazini kwakunye nemihlathi yophando kwimiba yezolimo.
wilnab@elsenburg.comOkanye ke utyelele Ithala Leencwadi lase-Elsenburg elikwiSebe Lezolimo, kuMgaqo iMuldersvlei, e-Elsenburg.
Le nkonzo ke ifumaneka simahla.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.95065.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abaninzi banohlobo oluthile lwetyala okanye lemali-mboleko. Ityala lilulutho kuba likuvumela ukuba uthege izinto xa uzifuna kodwa ungekabi namali yazo. Kukho intaphane yemithetho nezikhuselo ezikhoyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ababolekisi abakukhobozi, kodwa esona sikhuselo siqinisekisa ukuba uyawazi amalungelo noxanduva lwakho.
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Isivumelwano Setyala?
Yntoni Uncedo-mali Lwezinga Olusezantasi?
Yintoni iMbalana Yamatyala Yaye Yintoni Ukubekwa Kwiincwadi Zabangawahlawuli Amatyala abo?
Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
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<fn>GOV-ZA.95065.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abaninzi banohlobo oluthile lwetyala okanye lemali-mboleko. Ityala lilulutho kuba likuvumela ukuba uthege izinto xa uzifuna kodwa ungekabi namali yazo. Kukho intaphane yemithetho nezikhuselo ezikhoyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ababolekisi abakukhobozi, kodwa esona sikhuselo siqinisekisa ukuba uyawazi amalungelo noxanduva lwakho.
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Isivumelwano Setyala?
Yintoni iMbalana Yamatyala Yaye Yintoni Ukubekwa Kwiincwadi Zabangawahlawuli Amatyala abo?
Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
<fn>GOV-ZA.9509.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ngexesha likaxakeka elifuna impendulo yamapolisa, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo: 10111. Ngexesha likaxakeka elifuna inqwelo yezigulana, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo: 10177. Kwezi nombolo zombini, kufuneka ukwazi ukuchaza ukuba uphi na kwaye kutheni na ufuna impendulo engxamisekileyo. Zombini ezi nombolo zitsalelwa simahla.
Kummandla wolawulo lwenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, ungatsalela kule nombolo: 107 (simahla xa utsalela kumnxeba wasekhayeni okanye komnye weminxeba kawonke-wonke) NGALO NALIPHI NA ixesha likaxakeka okanye lentlekele. Kufuneka uchaze ukuba yintoni na ingxaki (ngumlilo, ukuhlangulwa entabeni, ingozi kwizithuthi, ulwaphulo-mthetho, njalo-njalo.), umntu okuncedayo uya kuqinisekisa ukuba impendulo echanekileyo kweli xesha lale ngxaki iya kunceda. Kufuneka kwakhona ukwazi ukuchaza ukuba iphi na le ngxaki.
Ukutsalela inombolo u-107 kumnxeba wesandla akusayi kusebenza. Ukutsalela inombolo yexesha likaxakeka yaseKapa enye kumnxeba wesandla, tsalela kule nombolo: 021 480 7700. Oku kuya kukudla intlawulo eqhelekileyo yomnxeba wesandla.
Kodwa ke, ukuba utsalela umnxeba kumnxeba wesandla, ungatsalela u-112 kwaye uya kudityaniswa neziko lenkampani yakho yoqhagamshelwano ngexesha likaxakeka. Umnxeba oya ku-112 kumnxeba wesandla awuhlawulelwa kwaye uyakwazi ukuyitsalela nakumnxeba wesandla ongenamali yakwenza mnxeba (oku kungenzeka naxa ungenalo ikhadi iSIM). Iminxeba yexesha likaxakeka kujongwana nayo kuqala kwaye xa olu thungelwano luxakekile, eminye iminxeba engenayo iya kubekwa phantsi ukuze kuthathwe lo wakho ungxamisekileyo. Olu thungelwano kufuneka, ngokwamaphepha-mvume alo, lunikezele ezi ngxelo kwiinkonzo ezintlanu zexesha likaxakeka (umlilo, inqwelo-mafutha yezigulana, amapolisa, ukuhlangulwa elwandle kwanakwizithuthi).
Uthungelwano ngomnxeba wesandla nalo luneenkonzo ezizodwa ezahlukeneyo zexesha likaxakeka onokuthi uzitsalele ukongeza ku-112 okanye njengengxenye yokutsalela u-112. Buza kwiziko lakho lothungelwano (uCell C, uMTN okanye uVodacom) ukuze wazi ukuba zithini na ezi nombolo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba nangona iminxeba engenayo kolu thungelwano ingahlawulelwa, kuya kufuneka uhlawulele naluphi na unyango okanye iinkonzo ezizezinye ezithe zanikezelwa ziinkampani zabucala ezithungelana nothungelwano onokuthi ulusebenzise.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.9537.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
I-Agri-Outlook yinkonzo yenkcazelo efumaneka kwi-Internet ngaphandle kwentlawulo nejoliswe kubo bonke abo bachaphazelekayo ngenxaxheba yabo kwezolimo eNtshona Koloni.
Iimeko zemozulu nezolimo zakutsha nje apha eNtshona Koloni zishwankathelwa rhoqo ngenyanga, ze ke kananjalo kunikezelwe noqikelelo lokuna kwemvula kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu ezilandelayo.
Abatyeleli abatyelela rhoqo bangawafumana amazinga okuna kwemvula mihla le kwiindawo ezithile ezikhethiweyo zalapha eNtshona Koloni.
Le nkonzo inikwa abantu abakwaziyo ukufikelela kwi-Internet ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.95382.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
INkulumbuso iya kubamba umsitho wephondo ekuseni kwangalo mhla (ukususela ngentsimbi yethoba ekuseni ukuya kuma ngeyeshumi elinanye ngentlazane) kwindawo yayo yokuhlala ukuvakalisa iziphumo.
Kulo msitho emva kwemini, abafundi abaphumelele emagqabini kwizibalo, inzululwazi nezifundo zogcino-zincwadi baya kufumana amawonga awodwa. Abafundi abaphumelele emagqabini eMitchell's Plain naseKhayelitsha bababetha bonke abanye nabo baya kufumana amawonga awodwa.
Kukho ithemba lokuba esi siganeko siya kuza nethemba nokhanyiselo kubafundi bethu, sibakhuthaza futhi ukuba baqhubekele phambili nemfundo ze bazuze nezakhono, eziza kubanceda ekufumaneni imisebenz, utshilo uMphathiswa uDugmore.
Kwincwadi yembalelwano ebeyithumela kubo bonke oosodolophu baseNtshona Koloni, ukwacele oomaspala babo ukuba babambe imisitho efana nalo, besenzela abafundi babo abaphume emagqabini kulo nyaka mtsha.
Ukwacele ooSodolophu noomaspala ukuba baqwalasele umcimbi wokunikezela ngeenkxaso-mali zokufunda okanye ke ibhaso eliyimali eziinkozo kumfundi webanga leshumi ophumelele emagqabini ngokubabetha bonke abanye abafundi kuloo maspala, kwakunye ze kunikwe nabo baziphumelele izifundo zezibalo, ezenzululwazi nezogcino-zincwadi kumgangatho ophakamileyo nabasuka kwizikolo ebezisa kuhleleleka.
UMphathiswa uDugmore uthe: ndikholelwa ekubeni kubalulekile kuthi ukuba sivuyisane ze siwonge abafundi bethu bematriki ze futhi sibabonelele nangamacebo okuqhubela phambili.
Xa siqwalasela isidingo sokwandisa ngokukhawuleza inani labafundi abaphumelela izifundo zezibalo, ezenzululwazi nezogcino-zincwadi kumgangatho ophakamileyo, sizama ukunikezela amacebo okuqhubela phambili ngeenjongo zokutsala umdla wabo nokuba basebenze ngcono kwezi zifundo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.95422.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ixesha elisondele kumhla wamashumi amabini anesihlanu kwinyanga yoMnga nyaka ngamnye sele laba lixesha lokulungileyo, uxolo, imibhiyozo, usapho nobumbano kuwo onke amaKrestu kwanabo bangengawo amaKrestu. Ngeendlela ezininzi eli xesha sele lijike lalixesha lomntu wonke nelinzulu ekuphilisaneni koluntu kuthi sonke sibonelane sonke ngokuthi sabelane ngezipho kunye neziganeko zokubonelelana. Kubantwana eli lixesha elinobumnandi obungummangaliso.
Iivenkile, izitalato, amabandla, iindawo esihlangana nesisebenza kuzo kwakunye namakhaya ethu azele ziziyunguma, imihombiso nako okumnandi okulindelekileyo. Kodwa ke zonke ezi nzingo zinokuphumela ngaphandle kuphela zigqithe ezo zingabalulekanga nezo zoshishino xa ziba yinkathalo nokwabelana kwethu ngendlela esizinikela ngayo ekwakheni ihlabathi elingcono.
Sidlulisa imibuliso ezele ukufudumala kubo bonke abemi beli lizwe lethu abangamaKrestu sibanqwenelela neKrismesi ezele iintsikelelo nolonwabo njengoko nibhiyozela hayi kuphela ukuzalwa, koko nempilo yasemhlabeni yomntwana uKrestu.
Langa eli xesha nesizathu salo zingasinika amandla sonke ukuze sibumbane ngenkxaso kumbono wethu wokwenza iNtshona Koloni Ikhaya Lethu Sonke ngokuthi sikhumbule abahlelelekileyo, abo bangenabantu nabo badingayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9555.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abasebenzela uxolo bahamba-hamba apha ekuhlaleni yaye bayafumaneka ukuncedisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko yengxwaba-ngxwaba engenazigalo. Ezinye iinkonzo ezinikezelwayo ziquka ukuya kwiziganeko ezinkulu, ezifana nemingcwabo, enokuba nobundlobongela. Abantu abasebenzela uxolo banceda iindawo abahlala kuzo ixesha elingangonyaka. Nabani na obudala buyiminyaka ephakathi kwe-18 nama-35, ongaphangeliyo, ofikeleleyo kwibanga lesibhozo okanye ngaphezulu esikolweni yaye ongazange wabekwa tyala lakwaphula mthetho angasifaka isicelo sokusebenzela uxolo. Abantu abasebenzela uxolo baqeqeshwa yePeace and Development Project yeSebe Lokhuseleko Loluntu, exhaswa ngezimali ngurhulumente waseJamani. Abantu abasebenzela uxolo ABAHLAWULWA.
iipasile zokutya ngexesha ngalinye olingenileyo emsebenzini ukuthuthwa ukuya nokusuka kwezo ndawo kufuneka nibe kuzo ukuya kwiindawo enisebenza kuzo izifundo ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo zezakhono zobomi izifundo ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo zabasebenzi boxolo ekuhlaleni izifundo zoncedo lokuqala izifundo zokungena kwisiNgesi Soshishino, iiKhompyutha, iZibalo, Nemigaqo Yezifundo Onokuzenza.
Kufuneka ube phakathi kwe-18 nama-35 eminyaka ubudala.
Kufuneka ube kanti uhlala kule ngingqi ufuna ukusebenza kuyo.
Kufuneka ube kanti awuphangeli.
Kufuneka ube kanti awuzange wabanjelwa ukwaphula mthetho, ngaphandle kokuba oko kubanjwa kwakunento yokwenza neentshukumo zezopolitiko phambi konyaka u-1994.
Kufuneka ube kanti unencwadana yesazisi eyiyo nesebenzayo.
Kufuneka ube nokuzimisela ekuziseni uxolo nophuhliso kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Kufuneka ube kanti waziwa kakuhle ekuhlaleni.
Ukumelana kwakho nezi mfuno akuthethi tu ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuphumelela njengomntu osebenzela uxolo. Kuya kufuneka kuqala uye kudliwano-ndlebe, apho kuya kufuneka ubonise khona ukuba ufuna ngokunyanisekileyo ukuncedisa ekuliweni kolwaphulo-mthetho ngokuthi uzibandakanye nomsebenzi wokuzinikezela ekusebenzeleni indawo ohlala kuyo. Kufuneka ubonise ukuba unawo amandla nokuzimisela ekuphuculeni ikamva lakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9582.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lezoLimo laseNtshona Koloni liye laqulunqa imiqulwana yenkcazelo emininzi apho kunikwa khona iinkcazelwana ezimfutshane kwiinkalo ngeenkalo zezolimo.
Iphetshana ngalinye kula maphetshana enkcazelo angamashumi alithoba anesine lifumaneka ngesiBhulu, ngesiNgesi nagesiXhosa, yaye libhalwe ngolwimi oluqondakala lula. Nakubeni ejoliswe kakhulu kubalimi abasaqalayo, abalimi abasele benamava bangavuna lukhulu nabo kula maphetshana zenkcazelo. Kusetyenziswe nemifanekiso kuzo zonke ngeenjongo zokuzenza ziqondakale msinyane.
Jonga amaphetshana enkcazelo simahla apha www.elsenburg.com okanye uthenge amaphetshana eenkcukacha zemiboniso njengoko zokwenza imiboniso.
Amancinane (10 izilayidi okanye ngaphantsi) - R100.
Aphakathi (11- 25 izilayidi) - R170.
Amakhulu (26 izilayidi okanye ngaphezulu) - R240.
<fn>GOV-ZA.95864.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kubekelwe bucala izigidi ezilithoba zeerandi ngeenjongo zokuhlangula amafama aseNtshona Koloni kwiimeko zembalela. Le nkxaso-mali ijoliswe ekuncedeni amafama emfuyo ngokutya kwale mfuyo kwanokubonelela uluntu nezilwanyana ngamanzi kwiingingqi ezithwaxwa ziimbalela. Isigidi kwesi sithoba sezigidi zeerandi sibekelwe iinjongo zokuvulwa kwemingxunya yokutsala amanzi. Ze ke isibhozo sezigidi zeerandi zibekelwe ukuhlangula ngokuthi kubonelelwe la mafama ngokutya kwemfuyo kwanokuthuthwa koku kutya kuthunyelwa kumafama achaphazelekayo.
Iimpepha zezicelo ziyafumaneka kumagosa eSebe Lezolimo Lephondo atyalwe kwii-ofisi zezithili zeli sebe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9590.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iindlela zoqulunqo lohlahlo-mali lwamashishini eCOMBUD zingasetyenziswa njengezikhokelo zokuqulunqwa kohlahlo-mali lwamashishini amatsha okanye ekuthelekiseni amanani kuhlahlo-mali lwamashishini asele eqhuba.
Iindleko ziqalela kuma-R29.00 ukuya kuma-R53.00.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9595.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngokomthetho, onke amachiza ezolimo, aquka abulala izityalo ezingadingekiyo, kufuneka evavanyelwe ukuba akulungele ngokwenene na ukuza neziphumo ezifunekayo nokhuseleko lwezityalo ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshelwe iintengiso.i-Elsenburg le incedisana nale nkqubo yokubhaliswa kwemveliso. Ngoko ke, i-Elsenburg iyila, yenze ze inikezele ingxelo ngokubhaliswa kwamachiza abulala izityalo ezingadingekiyo kwiinkozo ezincinci, izityalo nemifuno ejikelezayo elinywa kwiNtshona Kapa, konke ke oko kusenziwa ngokuthotyelwa kwemithetho yoMgcini-zincwadi.
Le nkonzo ifumaneka simahla.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9601.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iChrysalis Academy inikezela ngenkqubo yokuthintelwa kolwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni, ijolise "kulutsha olusemngciphekweni".
Le nkqubo iya kubathatha, njengophuhliso olumandla lomzimba, lwengqondo nolomphefumlo lubasuse kubomi bokuba ngabaphuli-mthetho nemigwu, ibase kubomi obuya kubaguqula njengabantu, kubanike ukhuseleko ngokwezimali kwanokuncedana noluntu kwiingingqi oluhlala kuzo. Eli ke linyathelo lokuthintela elingafaniyo nenkqubo yokunceda abo basele bonakele bengabaphuli-mthetho nemigewu. Oko ke kuthethe ukuba le nkqubo ijoliswe ekuphuhliseni abantu abaselula ibanike nezakhono ezibaxhobisayo ebomini, kunokusombulula okanye ukuzama ukulungisa iingxaki esele zikho zolwaphulo-mthetho nobugewu.
Abona bantu kujoliswe kubo ngabantu abaselula abaphakathi kwe-17 nama-22 eminyaka ubudala abaphumelele ubuncinci ibanga lesibhozo, abangaphangeliyo nabangazange babanjwe bavalelwe ngenxa yezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Le nkqubo ke okwangoku ixhaswa zifumane nenkxaso-mali kuRhulumente wePhondo. IAcademy le ke yona isePorter Estate eTokai.
Yaqala ngenyanga yeSilimela ka-2000, inkqubo nganye ithatha phakathi kwekhulu nekhulu elinamashumi amabini abafundi balapha eNtshona Koloni, abakhethwe ngokwemigaqo enzima kakhulu. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kweli phulo kuxhomekeke emntwini lowo, kusimahla kubo bonke abantu abathi bazimase.
InqanabaLethuba liquka ukubhengezwa kwale nkqubo kwimibutho yasekuhlaleni kwakunye nabantu abanokuba nomdla njengabafundi.
Amanqanaba amane aseleyo enza intsalela yeeveki ezilishumi elinesibini zale nkqubo. Kwinqanaba ngalinye lale nkqubo abafundi baya kusebenza kakhulu ze badliswe nokudlaliswa, ndawonye namacandelo ahlukeneyo ophuhliso lwengqondo nolwazi ngokubaluleka kolkuzimanya noluntu. Baya kufumana izakhono ezinokusetyenziswa emisebenzini.
InqanabaLokwazisa libeka isiseko ze liseke indlela yemisebenzi yamihla le apho ucoceko nokucoceka komntu ngamnye kugxininiswa khona. Oku ke kukhatshwa kukubekwa kweminqweno, ukukhuthazeka, ukusonjululwa kweengxaki kwanonxibelelwano. Abafundi aba bakwenza nezifundo zempilo nezokutya okusempilweni, ezoncedo lokuqala kwinqanaba lokuqala, ukulwa imililo kwakunye nolwazi ngendalo engqongileyo. Bathi ke emva koko bachithe iiveki ezimbini zenqanaba Wilderness e-Outward Bound, apho kukhangela ukuba bangenza de bafikelele kweliphi na inqanaba abafundi aba, apho bafundiswa banzi ngezinto abanokuzenza nabangenakuzenza, ndawonye nokusebenzisana nabanye abantu kwakunye namandla endalo. Ukwehla intaba ngentambo, ukudlala ngokuqhuba amaphenyane, ukwenyuka amatye kunye nokuhamba ngeenyawo ixesha elide zikho kweli nqanaba.
Xa kubuyelwa eKapa, abafundi bathi bavunyelwe ukuba bafumane iindwendwe okokuqala emva kokuqala kwale nkqubo. Ngeli xesha bonke abafundi bamel' ukuba balolongeke ngokugqibeleleyo, benomfutho yaye banokuzithemba okungummangaliso. Uninzi lwabafundi abatshayayo baya kuba bewuyekile lo mkhwa xa kuleli nqanaba.
Phantsi kweliso elibukhali leengcali zabaqeqeshi abasuka eWestlake Technical College, abafundi bafumana uqeqesho Kwizifundo Lwezakhono Ezingundoqo Zobunjineli kwezi veki zine zeli nqanaba Lezakhono.
izakhono ekulungiseni imibane kwakunye nezinye izifundo zithi zinikezelwe kwiiklasi zoqeqesho kwimisebenzi yezandla.
Ngo-2002 uqeqesho kwezokhuselo, ukuthungwa nokulungiswa kwempahla kwanokupheka njengeshishini zathi zafakwa njengengxenye yezifundo ezinikezelwayo apha.
Ukuqeqesha ezemidlalo kuye kufumaneke kweli nqanaba lale nkqubo.
Inqanaba lokugqibelaEliluluntu Ekuhlaleni lijolise ekulungiseleleni ukuphilisana noluntu ekuhlaleni yaye lijolise ikakhulu kwizakhono zokuqhuba ishishini elinempumelelo, ukwaziswa kwiikhompyutha kwakunye nomkhomba-ndlela wekhono lezifundo. Kukwenziwa nothotho lweentshukumo ezamkelekileyo eluntwini ezifana nobugcisa nokuchwela, ukucula, ichess nokufunda.
Kule nkqubo yonke abafundi kulindeleke ukuba bancedise uluntu ekuhlaleni yaye bayakhuthazwa ukuba babe ngamavolontiya. Ukuzimanya nokusebenzisana nemibutho yasekuhlaleni kuyakhuthazwa ngelixa kugxininiswa kakhulu ekuzimanyeni namaphulo emisebenzi yasekuhlaleni efana nokuqeqesha amaqela emidlalo yezikolo, ukuhamba-hamba ekuhlaleni ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwanokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu ekhayeni ngokuzimanya namaphulo okulima izityalo kwakunye nezinye iintshukumo zokucoca.
iSebe Elijongene Nemicimbi sele Benezidanga lilo elijongana nenkqubela yabo banezidanga isithuba seminyaka emihlanu emva kwezi zifundo yaye liqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi ngayo yonke imisebenzi yokuvolontiya okanye amathuba engqesho ayanikezelwa kwaba bafundi kwakunye neminye imibutho ebandakanyekayo kule nkqubo. Apho ingingqi ethile inabafundi abanezidanga abangamashumi amabini nangaphezulu, kuye kwasekwa amaqela asekuhlaleni okuncedisana nokunika aba bafundi inkxaso abayidingayo. Abafundi abanezidanga badingwa kakhulu yaye ama- 67% kubo bathi baqeshwe ngamashishini angaphezu kwamashumi asixhenxe alapha eNtshona Koloni. Abafundi abanezidanga abangekaphangeli bathi bafakwe kumaphulo afana neSwimsafe neBambanani kwakunye nothotho lwamanye amaphulo aqhutywa ngamasebe nemibutho eyahlukeneyo yaseburhulumenteni.
iChrysalis Academy le ijolise ikakhulu kubantu abasebatsha abaphakathi kwe-17 nama-22 eminyaka ubudala, abasuka kwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo ezilapha eNtshona Koloni.
ube uhlala apha eNtshona Koloni.
Noxa kunjalo ke, usenakho ukusifaka isicelo sakho ngoku ungamelani nezinye iimfuno zale nkqubo. Umzekelo, ukuba wawukhe wabandakanyeka kwiintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho okanye akunayo imfund eyaneleyo efunwayo apha, ungavunyelwa ungene ukuba isebe likarhulumente okanye umbutho ongajonge ngeniso uthi ukuthumele apho kwiChrysalis Academy, emva kokusiqwalaselisisa isicelo sakho. Kwakhona, ukuba awungowalapha eNtshona Koloni usengeza kule Academy, kodwa ke kusenokufuneka ukhuphe intlawulo ethile.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo sokuya eChrysalis Academy, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze uthumele isicelo eso nge-email okanye ngefeksi eChrysalis Academy kule nombolo 021 712 1075.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9607.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le Nkonzo Inikezela Iingcebiso Ngesondlo Kwizityalo inikezela iziphakamiso ngesondo nezichumisi kwizityalo ze igonyele iingxaki zesondlo ekuhlola-hlolweni komhlaba, amanzi nezityalo.
Le nkonzo ke ifumaneka ngokwesicelo esithe safakwa esikhatshwa libinzana lomhlaba, isityalo namanzi njengomzekelo.
Intlawulo yezi ziphakamiso ngesondlo nezichumisi sele ifakiwe kwiintlawulo zokuhlolwa komhlaba, amanzi nezityalo njengemizekelo (ibe yiR50-80 ke isuntswana ngalinye).
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.9607.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le Nkonzo Inikezela Iingcebiso Ngesondlo Kwizityalo inikezela iziphakamiso ngesondo nezichumisi kwizityalo ze igonyele iingxaki zesondlo ekuhlola-hlolweni komhlaba, amanzi nezityalo.
Le nkonzo ke ifumaneka ngokwesicelo esithe safakwa esikhatshwa libinzana lomhlaba, isityalo namanzi njengomzekelo.
Intlawulo yezi ziphakamiso ngesondlo nezichumisi sele ifakiwe kwiintlawulo zokuhlolwa komhlaba, amanzi nezityalo njengemizekelo (ibe yiR50-80 ke isuntswana ngalinye).
<fn>GOV-ZA.9609.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokujongana nempilo yezilwanyana sele zisebenza, umzekelo, inkqubo yokuphelisa iBovine Tuberculosis neBrucellosis. Ukuxilongwa kweenkunzi zegusha ukufumanisa ukuba azinazifo zangaphantsi na kwakunye nokuchuma nako kuyenziwa. Amaphulo okukhangelwa kwezifo ayenziwa nawo xa kukho ubungqina bokuba kukho izifo ezichaphazela kabuhlungu umhlambi weli phondo. Amafama emfuyo acetyiswa rhoqo ukuba ngeendlela zezempilo zokuthintela izifo kwakunye nangeendlela zokulawula amazinga bobukho bezifo.
Ukuze ufikelele kule nkonzo, tyelela i-Ofisi yoMbuso kaGqirha Wezilwanyana ekufutshane nawe. Ukuba unakho, kulicebiso eliphilileyo ukwenza idinga kwangaphambi kolu tyelelo.
Ixabiso lixhomekeka kuhlobo lwemibuzo oza nayo, kwanasekubeni umnini wesilwanyana eso ume njani na ngokwasesipajini. Kubantu abavela kwiindawo ezihluphekileyo nezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi kulandelwa inkqubo 'kahlawula-ngokwamandla-akho'.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9609.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokujongana nempilo yezilwanyana sele zisebenza, umzekelo, inkqubo yokuphelisa iBovine Tuberculosis neBrucellosis. Ukuxilongwa kweenkunzi zegusha ukufumanisa ukuba azinazifo zangaphantsi na kwakunye nokuchuma nako kuyenziwa. Amaphulo okukhangelwa kwezifo ayenziwa nawo xa kukho ubungqina bokuba kukho izifo ezichaphazela kabuhlungu umhlambi weli phondo. Amafama emfuyo acetyiswa rhoqo ukuba ngeendlela zezempilo zokuthintela izifo kwakunye nangeendlela zokulawula amazinga bobukho bezifo.
Ukuze ufikelele kule nkonzo, tyelela i-Ofisi yoMbuso kaGqirha Wezilwanyana ekufutshane nawe. Ukuba unakho, kulicebiso eliphilileyo ukwenza idinga kwangaphambi kolu tyelelo.
Ixabiso lixhomekeka kuhlobo lwemibuzo oza nayo, kwanasekubeni umnini wesilwanyana eso ume njani na ngokwasesipajini. Kubantu abavela kwiindawo ezihluphekileyo nezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi kulandelwa inkqubo 'kahlawula-ngokwamandla-akho'.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9612.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kodwa ke, awaphandi matyala emva kokuba abantu bebanjiwe, njengoko oku ingumsebenzi weeNkonzo zabaCuphi beNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika (SAPS). Ayabelana ngemisebenzi yobupolisa kwizithuthi kunye neNkonzo yeziThuthi kwiPhondo.
Wonke umntu ongene kwi-CTCP kufuneka afumane uqeqesho olulodwa kwiKholeji yoQeqesho lwamaPolisa kaMasipala ePhilippi ngaphambi kokuba abe lipolisa lesixeko.
Kukho ikomiti ebizwa ngokuba yi-Civilian Oversight Committee, nenoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba i-CTCP isebenza ngendlela efanelekileyo. Le Komiti kufuneka icebise kwiBhunga leSixeko, xa iSixeko sibacelile, kuwo nawuphi na umba onxulumene ne-CTCP. Le Komiti iqulathe amalungu eBhunga eSixeko asixhenxe kwanoluntu lwasekuhlaleni olunabantu absixhenxe abasuka kwimimandla yoluntu.
<fn>GOV-ZA.96297.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kwenzeka ntoni xa uthi ulahlekelwe sisiqinisekuiso sakho sebanga leshumi Ungasifumana esinye esithabatha indawo yeso usilahlileyo kwiSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni, ukuba iimviwo zakho zeli banga wazibhalela kweli phondo?
Inyathelo lokuqala kukwenza isigqibo esifungelweyo apho uxela ukuba usilahlile isiqinisekiso sakho. Isigqibo esifungelweyo luxwebhu apho uxela iinyaniso ozaziyo phantsi kwesifungo.
Ungasenza isigqibo esifungelweyo apho uxela ukuba usilahlile isiqinisekiso sakho kuso nasiphi na iSikhululo Samapolisa okanye ke ungacela namphi na uMkomishinala Wezifungo (amagqwetha ngaBakomishinala Bezifungo) 9abanokukunceda wenze isigqibo esifungelweyo.
Emva koko ke kufuneka uthabathe iphetshana uR15 nesi sifungo sakho uzise kwii-ofisi zeSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni, apho unokwenza khona isicelo sakho sesinye isiqinisekiso kwitafile yemibuzo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9632.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkampani Zokuphuculwa Kwezixeko ezi ziinkampani ezingajonge kwenza ngeniso ezimele abanini-mihlaba (oko kukuthi ke abahlawuli berhafu) kwingingqi yomhlaba kamaspala othile. Le nkampani ke yenza izivumelwano nomaspala kuqokelelwe imali ethe chatha (eyirhafu yale nkampani) kubahlawuli beebkonzo zikamaspala abahlala kuloo ngingqingaphezu kwezo ntlawulo baqhele ukuzihlawula. Le mali ithiwe chatha ke yona isetyenziselwa ukunikezela iinkonzo ezikumgangatrho ophakamileyo kuloo ngingqi inaloo nkampani. Ezi nkonzo zongezelelweyo nezikumgangatho ophakamileyo ke zidla ngokungaluquki ukhuseleko nokucoca. Ezi nkampani ke bezikhe zaziwa njengeZithili Zokuphucula Iinkonzo okanye iZithili Zokuphucula Iindawo Zokuhlala ngaphambili.
Umzekelo wenkampani ephucula isixeko esele isaziwa siSithili Sokuphucula uMbindi-Sixeko saseKapa . Le ke inkampani isebenza ngeengingqi eziphantsi yile migaqo kumbindi-sixeko waseKapa: iBuitengracht, iBuitensingel, iOrange, iGrey's Pass, iQueen Victoria, iWale, iSpin, iPlein, iRoeland, iCanterbury, iDarling, iCastle, iStrand, iAdderley, iHeerengracht, iOld Marine, iCivic, iHertzog Boulevard, iOswald Pirow neTable Bay Boulevard. iCape Town Partnership yiyo elawula le nkampani yokuphuculwa kombindi wesixeko saseKapa.
Isibhambathiso sokunikezelwa kwenkonzo esiphakathi kwale CID kwakunye neSixeko saseKapa sithi iSixeko saseKapa kufuneka sinikezele ngamanqanaba angama-30 aqinisekisiweyo eenkonzo kwiNkampani Ejongene Nokuphuculwa kombindi wesi Sixeko ngaphezu kweenkonzo ezisele zinikezelwa kakade apho, ngenxa ke yentlawulo yerhafu enikezelwa kule CID.
Le rhafu yeCID ke yirhafu edingekayo, imali efumaneke apho kufuneka idluliselwe kwiCID leyo. Oko ke kuthethe ukuba le mali kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukunikezela iinkonzo ngokwesicwangciso soshishino ekwavunyelwana ngaso ngabanini-mihlaba abahlala kule CID yaye ayinakudluliswa isetyenziselwe elinye iphulo kwenye Icid. Iirhafu ezitsalwe kubanini-mihlaba kuthi kuhlawulwe ngazo kwa aba banini-mihlaba okanye, okanye ngamanye amaxesha zinikwe abantu abaqeshe kuloo mihlaba, kwangale ndlela isetynziswa xa kuhlawulwa iinkonzo.
Ziluthotho iiCID zaseKapa ezikumanqanaba ohlukeneyo okusekwa. Ezi ke ziquka eyaseGreenpoint, eyase-Oranjekloof, eyaseHiggovale, eyasePoint neyaseCamps Bay, ezithi zonke ziwe phantsi kweyeSixeko saseKapa.
iSixeko saseKapa sathi saqulunqa umthetho kamaspala ojongene nokusekwa kwee-CID ngo-2003, mthetho lowo kungoku nje ukwinqanaba lokuwiswa. Lo mthetho kamaspala ke unikezela ngenkqubo emayilandelwe ekusekweni kwe-CID kwesi sixeko saseKapa.
Namphi na umnini-mghlaba ohlawulela iinkonzo kwingingqi yesixeko saseKapa angasifaka isicelo sokwamkelwa kweCID. Umntu lowo wenza isicelo ke kuya kufuneka ahlawule zonke iindleko zale nkqubo yesicelo. Iqela labalawuli beCID esekiweyo kufuneka lingazibuyisela ezinye zezi ndleko kumfaki-sicelo lowo ukuba isicelo eso sithe samkelwa.
Le nkqubo ke ibandakanya izibhengezo zemihlangano yoluntu, ukubanjwa komhlangano woluntu ngeenjongo zokuxoxa ngaloo CID, ukufaka isicelo esibhalwe phantsi ekufuneka siquke isicwangciso sokuphucula, ukukhutshwa kwentlawulo kwiBhunga, ukubhengeza isicelo kwanokuqwalasela abo bachaseneyo nesi sicwangciso, ukufumana isigqibo seBhunga leSixeko kwanokufumana inkxaso eninzi kubahlawuli beenkonzo zikamaspala.
Esi sicelo sibhalwe phantsi ke kufuneka sibe nesiqinisekiso sokwamkelwa ubuncinci ngabantu abanemihlaba ebonakalayo kuloo ngingqi, yaye ke aba banini-mihlaba kufuneka bamele ama-25% emihlaba ekule ngingqi ngokwenkqubo yeenkonzo.
Ukuba ke iBhunga ithi isamkele esi sicelo, iCID leyo kufuneka ithi kwiinyanga nje ezintathu zokwamkelwa kwesicelo sayo ifumane isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi sabanini-mihlaba abathi xa behlangene babe nemihlaba engama-50% ayo yonke imihlaba ekuloo ngingqi kwakunye nama-50% esisekelo seenkonzo.
Kuxa sele sifumanekile kuphela esi sivumelwano sesininzi apho iqela labalawuli bale CID bengeza neSicwangciso Sokuphuhliswa Kwesixeko eso. Abalawuli aba ke kufuneka babe yinkampani engajonge ngeniso (esekwe ngokwemigaqo yeSahluko sama-21 somthetho iCompanies Act), ekufuneka siqulunqiwe ngaphambi kokuvezwa kweSicwangciso Sokuphuculwa Kwesixeko.
uRhulumente Wesizwe ke ukwinkqubo yokuqulunqa umthetho omtsha obizwa ngokuba yiLocal Government Property Rates Bill. Lo mthetho mtsha ke unikezela 'ngeengingqi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwinqanaba lazo zodwa' (kwiSahluko 9), ze unikezele nangemikhomba-ndlela ekubeni oomaspala abambaxa abafana noweSixeko saseKapa kufuneka asebenze njani na ngeengingqi eziqwalaselwa kwinqanaba lazo zodwa. IiCID ezi ke ziingingqi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwinqanaba lazo zodwa. Nawuphi na umthetho kamaspala othi uwiswe kuya kufuneka uhambelane okanye uthobele lo mthetho mtsha. Mnye kuphela umaspala ombaxa apha kwiNtshona Kapa okwangoku, eso ke siSixeko saseKapa. iBhodi Yokwahlula-hlulwa Kwemihlaba yiyo egqiba ekubeni zeziphi na iingingqi ezingoomaspala abambaxa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9632.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkampani Zokuphuculwa Kwezixeko ezi ziinkampani ezingajonge kwenza ngeniso ezimele abanini-mihlaba (oko kukuthi ke abahlawuli berhafu) kwingingqi yomhlaba kamaspala othile. Le nkampani ke yenza izivumelwano nomaspala kuqokelelwe imali ethe chatha (eyirhafu yale nkampani) kubahlawuli beebkonzo zikamaspala abahlala kuloo ngingqingaphezu kwezo ntlawulo baqhele ukuzihlawula. Le mali ithiwe chatha ke yona isetyenziselwa ukunikezela iinkonzo ezikumgangatrho ophakamileyo kuloo ngingqi inaloo nkampani. Ezi nkonzo zongezelelweyo nezikumgangatho ophakamileyo ke zidla ngokungaluquki ukhuseleko nokucoca. Ezi nkampani ke bezikhe zaziwa njengeZithili Zokuphucula Iinkonzo okanye iZithili Zokuphucula Iindawo Zokuhlala ngaphambili.
Isibhambathiso sokunikezelwa kwenkonzo esiphakathi kwale CID kwakunye neSixeko saseKapa sithi iSixeko saseKapa kufuneka sinikezele ngamanqanaba angama-30 aqinisekisiweyo eenkonzo kwiNkampani Ejongene Nokuphuculwa kombindi wesi Sixeko ngaphezu kweenkonzo ezisele zinikezelwa kakade apho, ngenxa ke yentlawulo yerhafu enikezelwa kule CID.
Le rhafu yeCID ke yirhafu edingekayo, imali efumaneke apho kufuneka idluliselwe kwiCID leyo. Oko ke kuthethe ukuba le mali kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukunikezela iinkonzo ngokwesicwangciso soshishino ekwavunyelwana ngaso ngabanini-mihlaba abahlala kule CID yaye ayinakudluliswa isetyenziselwe elinye iphulo kwenye Icid. Iirhafu ezitsalwe kubanini-mihlaba kuthi kuhlawulwe ngazo kwa aba banini-mihlaba okanye, okanye ngamanye amaxesha zinikwe abantu abaqeshe kuloo mihlaba, kwangale ndlela isetynziswa xa kuhlawulwa iinkonzo.
Namphi na umnini-mghlaba ohlawulela iinkonzo kwingingqi yesixeko saseKapa angasifaka isicelo sokwamkelwa kweCID. Umntu lowo wenza isicelo ke kuya kufuneka ahlawule zonke iindleko zale nkqubo yesicelo. Iqela labalawuli beCID esekiweyo kufuneka lingazibuyisela ezinye zezi ndleko kumfaki-sicelo lowo ukuba isicelo eso sithe samkelwa.
Le nkqubo ke ibandakanya izibhengezo zemihlangano yoluntu, ukubanjwa komhlangano woluntu ngeenjongo zokuxoxa ngaloo CID, ukufaka isicelo esibhalwe phantsi ekufuneka siquke isicwangciso sokuphucula, ukukhutshwa kwentlawulo kwiBhunga, ukubhengeza isicelo kwanokuqwalasela abo bachaseneyo nesi sicwangciso, ukufumana isigqibo seBhunga leSixeko kwanokufumana inkxaso eninzi kubahlawuli beenkonzo zikamaspala.
Esi sicelo sibhalwe phantsi ke kufuneka sibe nesiqinisekiso sokwamkelwa ubuncinci ngabantu abanemihlaba ebonakalayo kuloo ngingqi, yaye ke aba banini-mihlaba kufuneka bamele ama-25% emihlaba ekule ngingqi ngokwenkqubo yeenkonzo.
Ukuba ke iBhunga ithi isamkele esi sicelo, iCID leyo kufuneka ithi kwiinyanga nje ezintathu zokwamkelwa kwesicelo sayo ifumane isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi sabanini-mihlaba abathi xa behlangene babe nemihlaba engama-50% ayo yonke imihlaba ekuloo ngingqi kwakunye nama-50% esisekelo seenkonzo.
Kuxa sele sifumanekile kuphela esi sivumelwano sesininzi apho iqela labalawuli bale CID bengeza neSicwangciso Sokuphuhliswa Kwesixeko eso. Abalawuli aba ke kufuneka babe yinkampani engajonge ngeniso (esekwe ngokwemigaqo yeSahluko sama-21 somthetho iCompanies Act), ekufuneka siqulunqiwe ngaphambi kokuvezwa kweSicwangciso Sokuphuculwa Kwesixeko.
uRhulumente Wesizwe ke ukwinkqubo yokuqulunqa umthetho omtsha obizwa ngokuba yiLocal Government Property Rates Bill. Lo mthetho mtsha ke unikezela 'ngeengingqi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwinqanaba lazo zodwa' (kwiSahluko 9), ze unikezele nangemikhomba-ndlela ekubeni oomaspala abambaxa abafana noweSixeko saseKapa kufuneka asebenze njani na ngeengingqi eziqwalaselwa kwinqanaba lazo zodwa. IiCID ezi ke ziingingqi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwinqanaba lazo zodwa. Nawuphi na umthetho kamaspala othi uwiswe kuya kufuneka uhambelane okanye uthobele lo mthetho mtsha. Mnye kuphela umaspala ombaxa apha kwiNtshona Kapa okwangoku, eso ke siSixeko saseKapa. iBhodi Yokwahlula-hlulwa Kwemihlaba yiyo egqiba ekubeni zeziphi na iingingqi ezingoomaspala abambaxa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9634.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sikhokelo sihlanganiselwe ukuncediasana namafama, abasebenzi abongezelelweyo, abaphandi kwanabanye ababandakanyekayo kwimicimbi yaloo efama yenkcitho kwanasekuthatyathweni kwezigqibo ezinento yokwenza noomatshini.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9644.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le Nkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezixhobo Zolimo ke ijolise kuxhaseni amaqela, abantu kwakunye noluntu olukweli candelo lwezolimo oluhlala kwiingingqi ezazisakuhleleleka kwilixa elingaphambili.
Le nto ke ithetha ukuba iSebe Lezolimo: kwiNtshona Kapa linikezela ngenkxaso yezimali ukuze kufumaneke izixhobo ezomeleleyo zolimo, eziya kuncedisa ekuphuculeni imisebenzi yolomo ze zomeleze nokubandakanyeka kolunmtu kweli candelo lezolimo.
Isicwangciso soshishino okanye ke icebo lokuphunyezwa kwephulo elo, ngokwendlela thile, kufuneka lingeniswe.
Ngamaqela, abantu noluntu kwiingingqi zokuhlala ezazisakuhleleleka kuphela olukufaka ezi zicelo.
Zizixhobo ezomeleleyo zolimo kuphela eziya kunikelwa inkxaso-mali, nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umsebenzi, iimbono kwakunye noqeqesho lwabasebenzi aluyi kuxhaswa ngazimali.
Abantu abafumana imivuzo (nokuba sele bethabathe umhlala-phantsi) engaphezu kweyona isezantsi karhulumente, abantu abasebenzela urhulumente nooceba abanakho ukuzifaka izicelo zale nkxaso.
ubume belo qela ngokwasemthethweni ukuba loo mhlaba uyaqeshwa, kuya kufuneka isibhambathiso soko sesithuba sminyaka engekho ngaphantsi kwesihlanu kufuneka nidize inkxaso-mali ebebikhe nayifumana kulo naliphi na isebe likarhulumente uhlobo lweshishini elo ukubandakanyeka kwamalungu - uxanduva lwawo kwanezakhono ithemba eliza nelo phulo: ingeniso elindelekileyo, inani lezithuba zengqesho ezilindelekileyo, ukwanda kwengeniso uqeqesho analo amalungu imvelaphi neenzuzo kwakunye namathuba empumelelo eqela lakho kumaphulo angaphambili ndawonye nenkxaso-mali ubungqina bemali enisenayo ukumelana neendleko zephulo elo isixa senkxaso-mali enisifunayo ngokupheleleyo amanye amahlakani abandakanyekayo kweli phulo.
Nceda uqwalasele ke ukuba inkxaso-malui efakelwe isicelo kunyaka-mali othile siyakuphunyezwa kuphela kunyaka-mali olandelayo.
Le ke yinkxaso-mali, hayi imali-mboleko yaye kuzo zonke izicelo zenkxaso-mali zamaphulo ezithe zaphunyezwa akulindelekanga ukuba iphinde ibuyiswe le mali.
Ukuze ufumane ezinnye iinkcukacha, kwanendlela yokwenza icebo lokuphumeza iphulo, kufuneka kuqhagamshelwane nalo mntu ungezantsi apha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.96443.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ungajonga-jonga ke eminye yemithetho yeSixeko saseKapa apha.
iSixeko saseKapa sinikezela ngabatshutshisi, iinkundla kwanolawulo. uMlawuli kwiCandelo Ltshutshiso Loluntu unikezele ngamagunya okugweba abantu abophule imithetho yoomaspala kumagosa amabhunga oomaspala. uMlawuli lo ke ukwanawo namandla okudlulisela amagunya okutshutshisa kulo naliphi na igosa, okanye kuye namphi na umqeshwa.
Ukuba ungathanda ukuhlawula isohlwayo sakho sesiphoso sendlela, yiya kwicandelo lemibuzo elikweyona Nkundla kaMaspala ikufutshane nawe. Apho ke baya kukuthumela kumntu ojongana nengingqi owophule umgaqo wendlela kuyo. Ungasihlawula ke isohlwayo sakho kwi-ofisi eyamkela iintlawulo.
Nceda uqonde ke ukuba i-ofisi yemibuzo ivala ngentsimbi yesithathu malanga ze yona i-ofisi eyamkela iintlawulo ivale ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesithathu malanga.
Ukuba ubukhe wabizelwa ukuvela eNkundleni kaMaspala, loo Nkundla iya kukhankanywa kwelo phepha, ndawonye nexesha nosuku ekufuneka uvele ngalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9647.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abasebenzisana namapolisa ngamavolontiya aphuma ekuhlaleni anamagunya noxanduva olufanayo nolwamapolisa xa besemsebenzini. Ukuze ube ngumntu osebenzisana namapolisa kufuneka iimpepha zaseburhulumenteni zibe zithi akuzange wophula mthetho, futhi kufuneka ubuncinci ube waliphumelela ibanga leshumi.
Yiya kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe ze ucele ukuthetha nomphathi weli phulo lokugaya abantu abaza kusebenzisana namapolisa. Kuya kufuneka ugcwalise intlaninge yamaphepha ezicelo, ucinezelise neminwe yakho. La maphepha ezicelo aya kuqwalaselwa yikomiti eya kuthi ityumbe ophumeleleyo. Kuya kufuneka nawe uvele phambi kwale komiti.
Ukuba uyamelana nazo aonke iimfuno ze ikomiti ejongene nokutyunjwa kophumeleleyo igqibe ekubeni isamkele isicelo sakho, uya kuthi ke ufumane uqeqesho kiwmisebenzi yasebupoliseni, kuquka noqeqeswho ngemipu, kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu. Xa sele uluqoshelise ngempumelelo lonke uqeqesho, uya kufumana iphetshana eliqinisekisa ukuqeshwa kwakho nempahla yokunxiba yesipolisa. Uya kuthi unikwe nompu oya kuthi uwusebenzise xa usemsebenzini; mpu uhlala ugciwa ngamapolisa xa ungaphangelanga. Akuyi kuwunikwa umpu ukuba uthi uthi ungaluphumeleli uqeqesho lwemipu.
Amaxesha akho okusebeza aya kuqinisekiswa ngumphathi wesikhululo ngokuthi yena aqwalasele imikhwa namaxesha olwaphulo-mthetho kuloo ngingqi kwakunye namaxesha ofumaneka ngawo. Abantu abasebenzisana namapolisa ngamavolontiya anomnqweno wokunceda uluntu ekuhlaleni futhi awahlawulwa ngomsebenzi awenzayo. Kodwa ke, anamagunya noxanduva olulinganayo nolwalo naliphi na igosa lasebupoliseni xa besemsebenzini.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9647.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abasebenzisana namapolisa ngamavolontiya aphuma ekuhlaleni anamagunya noxanduva olufanayo nolwamapolisa xa besemsebenzini. Ukuze ube ngumntu osebenzisana namapolisa kufuneka iimpepha zaseburhulumenteni zibe zithi akuzange wophula mthetho, futhi kufuneka ubuncinci ube waliphumelela ibanga leshumi.
Yiya kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe ze ucele ukuthetha nomphathi weli phulo lokugaya abantu abaza kusebenzisana namapolisa. Kuya kufuneka ugcwalise intlaninge yamaphepha ezicelo, ucinezelise neminwe yakho. La maphepha ezicelo aya kuqwalaselwa yikomiti eya kuthi ityumbe ophumeleleyo. Kuya kufuneka nawe uvele phambi kwale komiti.
Ukuba uyamelana nazo aonke iimfuno ze ikomiti ejongene nokutyunjwa kophumeleleyo igqibe ekubeni isamkele isicelo sakho, uya kuthi ke ufumane uqeqesho kiwmisebenzi yasebupoliseni, kuquka noqeqeswho ngemipu, kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu. Xa sele uluqoshelise ngempumelelo lonke uqeqesho, uya kufumana iphetshana eliqinisekisa ukuqeshwa kwakho nempahla yokunxiba yesipolisa. Uya kuthi unikwe nompu oya kuthi uwusebenzise xa usemsebenzini; mpu uhlala ugciwa ngamapolisa xa ungaphangelanga. Akuyi kuwunikwa umpu ukuba uthi uthi ungaluphumeleli uqeqesho lwemipu.
Amaxesha akho okusebeza aya kuqinisekiswa ngumphathi wesikhululo ngokuthi yena aqwalasele imikhwa namaxesha olwaphulo-mthetho kuloo ngingqi kwakunye namaxesha ofumaneka ngawo. Abantu abasebenzisana namapolisa ngamavolontiya anomnqweno wokunceda uluntu ekuhlaleni futhi awahlawulwa ngomsebenzi awenzayo. Kodwa ke, anamagunya noxanduva olulinganayo nolwalo naliphi na igosa lasebupoliseni xa besemsebenzini.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9649.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
IPhulo loKhusleko loKutya, i-FSP lineenjongo zokunika inkonzo yenkxaso kuphela kumaqela abantu abavela kwiindawo ezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi phambili phaya abanomnqweno wokuziqalela izitiya zabo. Eli phulo liya kuyinika inkxaso-mali yokuqalisa iprojekthi leyo yokusungula isitiya yabahlali okanye ke neprojekthi.
ISebe lezoLimo liya kunika amaqela angama-20 inkxaso-mali rhoqo ngonyaka ngamnye, kule minyaka mithathu izayo, ngeenjongo zokuxhasa iPhulo loKhuseleko Lokutya. Eli phulo lifuna ikakhulu ukunika amaqela amakhosikazi nawolutsha inkxaso. Imali efumanekayo yokuqhuba iprojekthi nganye de iye kufika nakuma-R50,000, yaye ke loo projekthi kufuneka inamathele nca kule miqathango nezi mfuneko zichazwe ngezantsi apha.
Olu ke luncedo-mali; asiyomali-mboleko, nto leyo ke ethetha ukuba imali abathe bayifumana abo bafaki bezicelo ze baphumelela kwezo zicelo akukho mfuneko yakuyibuyisa.
Isicwangciso seprojekthi ekufuneka simiswe ngendlela ethile, kufuneka singeniswe kwakunyaka-mali owandulela lo kucelelwa wona.
Kuphela ngabantu abavela kwiindawo ezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi phambili phaya abafanele ukuba bangafaka izicelo zoncedo-mali, nakubeni ke kambe abaniki beenkonzo benakho ukuba bangancedisa ekuqulunqweni kwesicwangciso seprojekthi.
Izibonelelo zezolimo, kwakunye nezimvo nezinye ke iimfuno zokusungulwa kwesitiya ziza kuyinikwa inkxaso-mali.
Abantu abamkela ngaphezu(nokuba sebesidla umhlala-phantsi na) kobuncinane bomvuzo obubekwe ngurhulumente nabasebenzi bakwarhulumente kwakunye nooceba bona abakho kubantu abafanele ukulufumana olu ncedo-mali.
amanye amahlakani abandakanyekayo kule projekthi ngenxaxheba yawo.
Izicelo zeeprojekthi ziya kuqwalaselwa kabini ngonyaka, ngoApreli nango-Augusti.
Makuncedwe kuqatshelwe ukuba isicelo senkxaso-mali esenziwe kunyaka-mali othile samkelelwa unyaka-mali olandela lowo senziwe ngawo.
Ukuze kufunyanwe inkcazelo eyenye, kungaqhagamshelwana naba bantu balandela ngezantsi apha.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.9649.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
IPhulo loKhusleko loKutya, i-FSP lineenjongo zokunika inkonzo yenkxaso kuphela kumaqela abantu abavela kwiindawo ezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi phambili phaya abanomnqweno wokuziqalela izitiya zabo. Eli phulo liya kuyinika inkxaso-mali yokuqalisa iprojekthi leyo yokusungula isitiya yabahlali okanye ke neprojekthi.
ISebe lezoLimo liya kunika amaqela angama-20 inkxaso-mali rhoqo ngonyaka ngamnye, kule minyaka mithathu izayo, ngeenjongo zokuxhasa iPhulo loKhuseleko Lokutya. Eli phulo lifuna ikakhulu ukunika amaqela amakhosikazi nawolutsha inkxaso. Imali efumanekayo yokuqhuba iprojekthi nganye de iye kufika nakuma-R50,000, yaye ke loo projekthi kufuneka inamathele nca kule miqathango nezi mfuneko zichazwe ngezantsi apha.
Olu ke luncedo-mali; asiyomali-mboleko, nto leyo ke ethetha ukuba imali abathe bayifumana abo bafaki bezicelo ze baphumelela kwezo zicelo akukho mfuneko yakuyibuyisa.
Isicwangciso seprojekthi ekufuneka simiswe ngendlela ethile, kufuneka singeniswe kwakunyaka-mali owandulela lo kucelelwa wona.
Kuphela ngabantu abavela kwiindawo ezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi phambili phaya abafanele ukuba bangafaka izicelo zoncedo-mali, nakubeni ke kambe abaniki beenkonzo benakho ukuba bangancedisa ekuqulunqweni kwesicwangciso seprojekthi.
Izibonelelo zezolimo, kwakunye nezimvo nezinye ke iimfuno zokusungulwa kwesitiya ziza kuyinikwa inkxaso-mali.
Abantu abamkela ngaphezu(nokuba sebesidla umhlala-phantsi na) kobuncinane bomvuzo obubekwe ngurhulumente nabasebenzi bakwarhulumente kwakunye nooceba bona abakho kubantu abafanele ukulufumana olu ncedo-mali.
amanye amahlakani abandakanyekayo kule projekthi ngenxaxheba yawo.
Makuncedwe kuqatshelwe ukuba isicelo senkxaso-mali esenziwe kunyaka-mali othile samkelelwa unyaka-mali olandela lowo senziwe ngawo.
Ukuze kufunyanwe inkcazelo eyenye, kungaqhagamshelwana naba bantu balandela ngezantsi apha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.96576.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.96580.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.96599.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.9671.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-LRAD ijolise kubantu abaMnyama, kwaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo, ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, kwaye akukho mfuneko yookuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncediso-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ngubani ofanele kulufumana olu ncediso-mali?
Ukunika abantu ababefudula besingelwe phantsi amathuba angcono okufumana imihlaba yolimo.
Ukuncedisa abantu abahlala kwimimandla yasemaphandleni ngeendlela zokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba okhoyo usetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo.
The IPhulo le-LRAD liphulwana lenkqubo yokwabiwa ngokutsha komhlaba liSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba. Lijoliswe ngokukodwa ekunikezeleni ngomhlaba kumafama amnyama ngenjongo yokulimela ukuziphilisa okanye intengiso yaye liqhutywa ngentsebenziswano liSebe lezeMihlaba nelezoLimo.
I-LRAD izama ukuphelisa ukungcola okwenziwa kumakhosikazi okwakufudula kusenzeka phaya phambili, ngokuphathelele ke kumathuba okufikelela nawokufumana umhlaba ongowawo. Amakhosikazi ke ngoko ayakwazi ngoku ukuba afake izicelo zoncedo-mali lwawo ngokwawo nje umntu eyedwa, engafuni njengengxenye yosapho.
I-LRAD ijoliswe kuBantu abaMnyama, yaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente likhutshwa simahla yaye akukho mfuneka yakuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo bafake izandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane, galelo elo liya kuthi lincedise kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncedo-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ukuze umfaki-sicelo abufumane ubuncinane boncedo-mali olungama-R20,000, kufuneka naye afake isandla ngemali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane; kanti ke xa umntu enokwenza igalelo lama-R400,000 angalufumana luphelele lonke uncediso-mali olufika kuma-R100,000 apho luphela khona.
Olu ncedo-mali lungasetyenziselwa ukuthenga umhlaba, ukuthenga izibonelelo zokuncedisa kumalinge olimo, ekwenzeni amagalelo exeshana elifutshane kwezolimo, nasekuphuculeni imeko yomhlaba wolimo, xa ngaba lowo ufaka isicelo ngumntu osele enawo umhlaba wolimo. Kanti ke umntu unakho nokuba angafaka isicelo soncediso-mali, ukuba ngaba unomhlaba awuqeshileyo kungoku nje, khona ukuze awuthenge ekuhambeni kwethuba ube ngowakhe.
ISebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba liza kuqinisekisa ukuba abafak-izicelo abafuna uncedo bayalunikwa uncedo lokuba badityaniswe nabagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi abaya kuthi ke babanike uncedo ekucwangciseni nasekuqhubeni iiprojekthi ezi. ISebe eli liya kubahlawula ngokwalo abo bagunyaziswa bangabacwangcisi xa ngaba bathe bakhethwa ngale ndlela. Loo nto ke ayisayi kuluchaphazela nganto uncediso-mali abanokuthi balufumane.
Abafaki-zocelo abanakho ukuba bangazifunela abagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi, bakwazi nokubahlawula ngokwabo, bangakwenza oko bengadanga baba baqala ngokudlana iindlebe neSebe eli. Loo nto kunjalo nje ingathatyathwa njengokuba ligalelo athe umntu walenza.
Ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphezu kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala abasuka kwiindawo ebezifudula zisingelwe phantsi ngokwamalungelo abaya kuqwalaselwa kolu ncedo-mali. Nakubeni kunokuba ngcono kakhulu xa abafaki-zicelo bengabantu abanamava kwezolimo, loo nto asingomqathango ubekwa njengemfuneko. Abantu abakhe balufumana uncedo-mali (lwe-R16,000) kwiSebe eli nabo bangazifaka izicelo kwakhona, kodwa izicelo eziya kuqala ziqwalaselwe zezo zabo bantu baqalayo ukufaka izicelo. Loo mali anokuyinikwa umntu njengoncediso-mali iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni oluya wayelufumene kuqala uncedo-mali lona lwalungakanani na.
Olu xwebhu luqulunqwe ngeenjongo zokunceda abafundi ngenkcazelo emalunga nephulo le-LRAD, nkcazelo leyo efana neenjongo zalo, nezona ndawo ziziziganga eziphambili apha kulo. Kananjalo luya kubanceda abafundi ekuziboneni ukuba ngaba bangakwazi na ukuthatha inxaxheba kweli phulo, nokuba bangenza njani na xa befaka izicelo zoncedo-mali olufumaneka ngokusebenzisa eli phulo.
Kananjalo olu xwebhu luya kubanika izikhokelo abafundi kule nkqubo okanye kulo mjikelo weeprojekthi ekuceetyiswa ukuba ulandelwe kuzo zonke iiprojekthi ze-LRAD, yaye luya kungenisa nesinye isigama esisetyenziswayo, namagama nezilungiselelo zakwaRhulumente eziyingxenye yeli phulo le-LRAD.
Xa ufuna ukwenza isicelo soncediso-mali, kufuneka ukuba uye kucela ifomu yokwenza isicelo kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezoLimo okanye kweyeleMicimbi yoMhlaba ekufutshane kuwe. Emva kokuba amagosa eSebe lezoLimo eye ayivavanyisisa le ngcinga ifomu yobhaliso iya kuthunyelwa kwi-ofisi yeSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba yesithili apho ke umcwangcisi aya kuthi ayiqwalasele iprojekthi leyo. Amagosa eSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba nawelezoLimo aya kuthi alungiselele iindibano zengcaciso nabo bbonke abo bachaphazelekayo ngenxaxheba yabo, ze ke athi apho kukho imfuneko yoko anyule nomgunyaziswa ongumcwangcisi oya kuthi ancedise ngocwangciso lweprojekthi leyo.
IBhanki yezeMihlaba iya kuba yiyo elawula uncedo-mali lwe-LRAD ukuba ngaba abafaki-zicelo bafaka izicelo zemali-mboleko yeBhanki yezeMihlaba okanye banqwenela ukuthenga umhlaba ongoweBhanki yezeMihlaba. Abo bahambe kakuhle kwizicelo zabo banokuthi ke uncediso-mali lwe-LRAD balufumane ngqo ngeBhanki yeziMihlaba. Kwiimeko ezinjalo ke, le fomu yesicelo izaliswe yagqitywa kufuneka ukuba ifakwe kwiBhanki yeziMihlaba ekufutshane okanye kwisetyana layo elikufutshane.
Izicwangciso zoshishino ezigqityiweyo ziya kuthi ziphicothwe phaya ezithilini, nto leyo ke ethi ilishunqule kakhulu ixesha ekufuneka lithatyathwe ekuqhutyweni kweeprojekthi leyo. Kuthi ke nje ukuba kubonwe ukuba iprojekthi leyo noko ingamkelwa njengeprojekthi enokwenzeka, uMlawuli wePhondo weMicimbi yoMhlaba akhuphe ugunyaziso lokuba uncediso-mali olo maluhlawulwe.
Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, yaye akukho mfuneko yokuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi okanye zezolimo. Imali eninzi esuka kumfaki-sicelo lwenza ukuba noncedo-mali olo lube luninzi. Ukufumana esona sixa sincinci soncedo-mali esiyi-R20,000, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka ancedise ngamaR5,000, ngelixa igalelo eliyi-R400,000 lifuneka ukuze umfaki-sicelo afumane esona sixa sikhulu soncedo-mali esiyi-R100,000.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9688.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Umzana wophendlo lwezifo zezityalo phaya e-Elsenburg inika uluntu lwaseNtshona Koloni inkonzo yoxilongo lwezifo zezityalo.
Igxininisa kakhulu kwinkalo yezifo zemifuno, ezezilimo ezineenkozo ezincinane, kwezezityalo eziziilupin neekhanola.
Iziqhamo (kuze kuqwalaselwa izifo ezivela emva kokuba sezivuniwe).
Isampuli ezingeniswayo kufuneka zihambe nephetshana lokungenisa iisampuli, phetshana elo lifumaneka kuvimba weenkcukacha zekhompuyutha i-Elsenburg website.
Ezi sampulu zingeniswayo ke kufuneka ukuba zifike zikwimeko ekufaneleyo ukuba zingasetyenziswa kwiindlela zophendlo lwezifo zezityalo.
ISebe lezoLimo leNtshona Koloni nabasebenzi balo abalwamkeli uxanduva lweziphumo zolu phendlo.
Uvavanyo lweembewu lwenziwa ngexabiso ngokwesizathu olwenzelwe sona. Imeko nganye ijongwa ngokwemiba yayo. Amaxabiso aquka iVAT yaye anokwenyuka ngokuhamba kwamaxesha.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.9688.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iziqhamo (kuze kuqwalaselwa izifo ezivela emva kokuba sezivuniwe).
Isampuli ezingeniswayo kufuneka zihambe nephetshana lokungenisa iisampuli, phetshana elo lifumaneka kuvimba weenkcukacha zekhompuyutha i-Elsenburg website.
Ezi sampulu zingeniswayo ke kufuneka ukuba zifike zikwimeko ekufaneleyo ukuba zingasetyenziswa kwiindlela zophendlo lwezifo zezityalo.
ISebe lezoLimo leNtshona Koloni nabasebenzi balo abalwamkeli uxanduva lweziphumo zolu phendlo.
Uvavanyo lweembewu lwenziwa ngexabiso ngokwesizathu olwenzelwe sona. Imeko nganye ijongwa ngokwemiba yayo. Amaxabiso aquka iVAT yaye anokwenyuka ngokuhamba kwamaxesha.
<fn>GOV-ZA.97029.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Phucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Eli phulo lijolise ekuziseni ulwazi nasekufundiseni abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngemiba enento yokwenza nococeko nolawulo lwenkukuma. Likhuthaza abantu ukuba badlale indima ephambili ekubuyiselweni kobuntu kwiindawo abahlala kuzo kwanokubuyisela ikratshi nokuzinikela ekucoceni iindawo abahlala kuzo.
Ukhuphiswano Lweyona Dolophu Icocekileyo lwaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ngo-2001 nguMnumzana Valli Moosa (owayenguMphathiswa Wemicimbi Yendalo Notyelelo ngoko). Iidolophu ezaphumelela kwinqanaba lesizwe kumjielo wesithathu, oqale ngo-2004, ziya kupapashwa liSebe Lemicimbi Yendalo Notyelelo ngenyanga yeSilimela ngo-2005.
Olu Khuphiswano Lwesizwe lulandela Imijikelo yolu Khuphiswano Yamaphondo, mijikelo leyo iqhutywa liSebe elijongene Nemicimbi Yendalo yePhondo ngalinye.
Olu khuphiswano Lwesicwangciso-qhinga Sesizwe Solawulo Lwenkukuma futhi lunceda ekujikeni imigaqo-nkqubo nowiso-mthetho zibe ziinkqubo eziphilayo nezisebenzayo.
Eli phulo lifuna ukwazisa abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngeendlela zokunciphisa inkukuma kwiindawo abahlala kuzo.
Ekugcineni indawo yokuhlala ecocekileyo nesempilweni.
Ekunakaneni izithembiso zoomaspala kucoceko oluphilayo.
Ekudaleni amathuba emisebenzi ze luze nengeniso kubantu abangaphangeliyo ngokuthi kucocwe izinto ezimdaka ziphinde zisetyenziswe.
Ekuphakamiseni umfanekiso woMzantsi Afrikakubemi bamanye amazwe zekuncedwe ekuphuhliseni utyelelo.
Ukhuphiswano lwephondo iNtshona Koloni luphuhlisa "Ikhaya Eliluqilima Lethu Sonke". Lo mjikelo ugxininisa kwiindawo ezihlala uluntu kwakunye neendlela oomaspala abangenelela ngazo zexesha elide eziya kukhokelela ekuphuculweni okuqhubekekayo kweendawo zokuhlala.
Umjikelo wephondo ka-2004/5 wolu Khuphiswano waphehlelelwa ngomhla weshumi elinesine kwinyanga yoMsintsi ngo-2004 nguMphathiswa Wemicimbi Yendalo Nophuhliso Locwangciso, uTasneem Essop.
Ukuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba kumjikelo wephondo wolu khuphiswan kukhule ngokumangalisayo, ukusuka kumashumi amahlanu ekhulwini ukuya kutsho kumashumi amabini anesithathu koomaspala abangamashumi amabini anesine kulo nyaka! Oku kubonisa ukubaluleka kolu khuphiswano koomaspala.
Ngo-2003/2004, oomaspala baseNtshona Koloni abadluliselwa kukhuphiswano lwesizwe, abangaba: iOverstrand nowesixeko saseKapa, babuya nazo zonke zonke iimbasa ngokuthi baphumelele umjikelo wesizwe wolu khuphiswano kumanqanaba abangenele kuwo, angala: "Umaspala Wekhaya" "noMaspala Wenqila!"
Olu khuphiswano luvuleleke kubo bonke oomaspala, ngaphandle koomaspala bezithili.
Oomaspala abaphumelelayo bafumana amabhaso anakana ezona nto zigqwesileyo bazizuzileyo. Kwinqanaba lephondo, kukho iwonga elilodwa eliya kunikwa umaspala ofezekisa ngeyona ndlela ingcono zonke iimfuno zebakala elitsha, elileli: "Oyena Maspala Uziphuculeyo", nowaphehlelelwa ngo-2004.
Isixeko saseKapa, ekukuphela korhulumente wenqila eNtshona Koloni, singena zwabha kumjikelo wesizwe wolu kuphiswano futhi asiyi kulinikwa ibhaso lephondo.
Akukathatyathwa sigqibo ngokuba liya kuba yintoni na ibhaso eliya kunikwa umaspala othe wazibalula ngokuthi abe ngoyena uziphuculeyo, kodwa ke liya kwaziwa kungekudala.
Ibhaso lesigidi leerandi lilinye liya kunikwa oomaspala abaphulele kumabakala u-A noB. Umaspala othe wazibalula ngokuba ngoyena uziphuculeyo uya kuthi avuzwe ngokuthi abhengezwe kwingxelo yesizwe yovavanyo.
INtshona Koloni iya kusebenzisa inkqubo yovavanyo yesizwe ukuchonga oomaspala bephondo abathathu abaphumelele emagqabini kwibakala B, kwakunye noyena uzibalula ngokuziphucula.
Isixeko sasweKapa, ndawonye nomaspala ozibalule ngokuziphucula, baya kuthi bamele eli phondo kumjikelo wesizwe wolu khuphiswano. Kwale nkqubo inye yokuchonga iya kusetyenziswa xa kuchongwa abaphumeleleyo kwinqanaba lesizwe.
Iindawo ezitsala umdla wabakhenkethi, umzekelo: amaziko alondoloza indalo, iipaki, iilwandle, njalo-njalo.
Inkqubo/Iinkqubo ezinjongo ikukubeka iliso umgangatho wamanzi nowomoya.
Isigqeba sabagwebi bephondo, eyenziwe ngamalungu ahlukeneyo, siphicotha amangenelo ngokusebenzisa iinkcukacha ezisisisekelo nangokuya kwabo maspala ze ichonge abo baphumeleleyo.
Uvavanyo lwamaphondo luya kubanjwa ngenyanga yoMdumba neyoKwindla ngo-2005.
Ukwaziswa kwamagama oomaspala abaphumeleleyo nokunikezelwa kwamabhaso, yiNkulumbuso uEbrahim Rasool kuya kubanjwa kumsitho mgangatho ophezulu ngenyanga kaTshazimpunzi ngo-2005.
Cleanest Town Competition: Spotless Overstrand Does it Again!
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<fn>GOV-ZA.97029.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Phucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Eli phulo lijolise ekuziseni ulwazi nasekufundiseni abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngemiba enento yokwenza nococeko nolawulo lwenkukuma. Likhuthaza abantu ukuba badlale indima ephambili ekubuyiselweni kobuntu kwiindawo abahlala kuzo kwanokubuyisela ikratshi nokuzinikela ekucoceni iindawo abahlala kuzo.
Olu Khuphiswano Lwesizwe lulandela Imijikelo yolu Khuphiswano Yamaphondo, mijikelo leyo iqhutywa liSebe elijongene Nemicimbi Yendalo yePhondo ngalinye.
Olu khuphiswano Lwesicwangciso-qhinga Sesizwe Solawulo Lwenkukuma futhi lunceda ekujikeni imigaqo-nkqubo nowiso-mthetho zibe ziinkqubo eziphilayo nezisebenzayo.
Eli phulo lifuna ukwazisa abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngeendlela zokunciphisa inkukuma kwiindawo abahlala kuzo.
Ekugcineni indawo yokuhlala ecocekileyo nesempilweni.
Ekunakaneni izithembiso zoomaspala kucoceko oluphilayo.
Ekudaleni amathuba emisebenzi ze luze nengeniso kubantu abangaphangeliyo ngokuthi kucocwe izinto ezimdaka ziphinde zisetyenziswe.
Ukhuphiswano lwephondo iNtshona Koloni luphuhlisa "Ikhaya Eliluqilima Lethu Sonke". Lo mjikelo ugxininisa kwiindawo ezihlala uluntu kwakunye neendlela oomaspala abangenelela ngazo zexesha elide eziya kukhokelela ekuphuculweni okuqhubekekayo kweendawo zokuhlala.
Ukuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba kumjikelo wephondo wolu khuphiswan kukhule ngokumangalisayo, ukusuka kumashumi amahlanu ekhulwini ukuya kutsho kumashumi amabini anesithathu koomaspala abangamashumi amabini anesine kulo nyaka! Oku kubonisa ukubaluleka kolu khuphiswano koomaspala.
Olu khuphiswano luvuleleke kubo bonke oomaspala, ngaphandle koomaspala bezithili.
Isixeko saseKapa, ekukuphela korhulumente wenqila eNtshona Koloni, singena zwabha kumjikelo wesizwe wolu kuphiswano futhi asiyi kulinikwa ibhaso lephondo.
Akukathatyathwa sigqibo ngokuba liya kuba yintoni na ibhaso eliya kunikwa umaspala othe wazibalula ngokuthi abe ngoyena uziphuculeyo, kodwa ke liya kwaziwa kungekudala.
Ibhaso lesigidi leerandi lilinye liya kunikwa oomaspala abaphulele kumabakala u-A noB. Umaspala othe wazibalula ngokuba ngoyena uziphuculeyo uya kuthi avuzwe ngokuthi abhengezwe kwingxelo yesizwe yovavanyo.
INtshona Koloni iya kusebenzisa inkqubo yovavanyo yesizwe ukuchonga oomaspala bephondo abathathu abaphumelele emagqabini kwibakala B, kwakunye noyena uzibalula ngokuziphucula.
Isixeko sasweKapa, ndawonye nomaspala ozibalule ngokuziphucula, baya kuthi bamele eli phondo kumjikelo wesizwe wolu khuphiswano. Kwale nkqubo inye yokuchonga iya kusetyenziswa xa kuchongwa abaphumeleleyo kwinqanaba lesizwe.
Iindawo ezitsala umdla wabakhenkethi, umzekelo: amaziko alondoloza indalo, iipaki, iilwandle, njalo-njalo.
Inkqubo/Iinkqubo ezinjongo ikukubeka iliso umgangatho wamanzi nowomoya.
Isigqeba sabagwebi bephondo, eyenziwe ngamalungu ahlukeneyo, siphicotha amangenelo ngokusebenzisa iinkcukacha ezisisisekelo nangokuya kwabo maspala ze ichonge abo baphumeleleyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9715.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iCandelo Lenzululwazi Yomhlaba leSebe Lokusetyenziswa Kwezibonelelo linikezela ngenkonzo yokwahlula-hlula ngokwemigangatho umhlaba kubalimi beentengiso kwanabo batsha abanengxelo nemephu yomhlabaLe ngxelo ke ziimfuno ezidingekay ukuze kwenziwe izicwangciso ezizizo njengoko kaloku zinikezela ngolwazi ngemihlaba entlobo zahlukeneyo kwakunye namathuba okulima izivuno ezilungele imo-zulu yeli phondo.
Le nkonzo ke ifikeleleka simahla kubalimi beentengiso kwanabo batsha. Olu lwazi ke lukhutshelwe iinjongo zokulima kuphela.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9733.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Amafama anikwa iinkonzo zocwangciso lokusetyenziswa kwemitshini ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukuba amafama azisebenzisa kangangoko nangokufanelekileyo izixhobo zokusebenza zolimo. Umba wokukhuthazwa koLimo Olunolondolozo apha eNtshona Koloni (ukungaphethulwa qho komhlaba, ukulawulwa kwentsalela yezilimo emva kokuba kuvuniwe ukuze umhlaba ukwazi ukuwugcina umnyakamo wawo kwakunye nokulandelwa kwenkqubo yokuzitshintsha-tshintsha izilimo) yeyona nto iphambili kweli candelwana. Kananjalo likwanika neengcebiso nezikhokelo kwiindlela zokujika izixhobo zokusebenza ezikhoyo zilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa kulimo olunolondolozo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9733.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amafama anikwa iinkonzo zocwangciso lokusetyenziswa kwemitshini ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukuba amafama azisebenzisa kangangoko nangokufanelekileyo izixhobo zokusebenza zolimo. Umba wokukhuthazwa koLimo Olunolondolozo apha eNtshona Koloni (ukungaphethulwa qho komhlaba, ukulawulwa kwentsalela yezilimo emva kokuba kuvuniwe ukuze umhlaba ukwazi ukuwugcina umnyakamo wawo kwakunye nokulandelwa kwenkqubo yokuzitshintsha-tshintsha izilimo) yeyona nto iphambili kweli candelwana. Kananjalo likwanika neengcebiso nezikhokelo kwiindlela zokujika izixhobo zokusebenza ezikhoyo zilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa kulimo olunolondolozo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9738.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelwana lonkcenkceshelo kwiCandelo loLawulo lwezobuNjineli bezoLimo linikezela ngengcebiso nezikhokelo zokunceda abo bangabankcenkcesheli ukuba amanzi bawasebenzise ngendlela enocikizeko. Ezi ngcebiso ke nezi zikhokelo zibandakanya nokuhlolwa kwendlela ezicwangciswe ngayo izinto zokunkcenkceshela kwakunye nokuzihlola indlela ezisebenza ngayo phaya emasimini ezi zinto zokunkcenkceshela, khona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ziyahambelana nemigangatho ethile yokusebenza ebekiweyo. Eyona ndawo iphambili kweli candelwana kukuqhutywa kwamaphulo okufundisa ngeendlela zokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela efanelekileyo nenempumelelo. Kananjalo kuye kuqhutywe novandlakanyo olujoliswe ekukhangeleni ukuba afumaneka kangakanani na amanzi okunkcenkceshela kwimisebenzi yamafama amancinane nakwindlela yokucwangciswa kwezinto zokunkcenkceshela zala mafama. Ezi zinto ke zibandakanya ucwangciso lwezibonelelo zamanzi, nokubekwa kweliso kucwangciso nofakelo lwezi zinto zokunkcenkceshela.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9738.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelwana lonkcenkceshelo kwiCandelo loLawulo lwezobuNjineli bezoLimo linikezela ngengcebiso nezikhokelo zokunceda abo bangabankcenkcesheli ukuba amanzi bawasebenzise ngendlela enocikizeko. Ezi ngcebiso ke nezi zikhokelo zibandakanya nokuhlolwa kwendlela ezicwangciswe ngayo izinto zokunkcenkceshela kwakunye nokuzihlola indlela ezisebenza ngayo phaya emasimini ezi zinto zokunkcenkceshela, khona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ziyahambelana nemigangatho ethile yokusebenza ebekiweyo. Eyona ndawo iphambili kweli candelwana kukuqhutywa kwamaphulo okufundisa ngeendlela zokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela efanelekileyo nenempumelelo. Kananjalo kuye kuqhutywe novandlakanyo olujoliswe ekukhangeleni ukuba afumaneka kangakanani na amanzi okunkcenkceshela kwimisebenzi yamafama amancinane nakwindlela yokucwangciswa kwezinto zokunkcenkceshela zala mafama. Ezi zinto ke zibandakanya ucwangciso lwezibonelelo zamanzi, nokubekwa kweliso kucwangciso nofakelo lwezi zinto zokunkcenkceshela.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9741.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ulingqina yaye woyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho ngezizathu zokuba lingqina, ungazifakela isicelo sokukhuselwa njengengqina. Ungoyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho okanye olwakhe nabani na osenyongweni kuwe. Ungoyika umntu omnye okanye iqela labantu.
Nabani na olilungu lekhaya lakho okanye losapho lwakho, okanye osenyongweni kuwe nangaluphi na uhlobo, angakufakela isicelo sokhuseleko xa ungakwazi wean.
kunokubonakaliswa ukuba umntu omkhulu lowo uyala ukunikezela ngemvume engenasizathu sibambekayo.
Uba lingqina xa unikezela ubungqina (unikezela ubungqina enkundleni okanye unikezelo ingxelo efungelweyo) ngoku, okanye ke mhlawumbi kuya kufuneka unikezele kwilixa elizayo okanye wawukhe wanikezela ubungqina ngaphambili. Obu bungqina ke bunganikezelwa kwityala elikhulu lolwaphulo-mthetho, kuphendla-phendlo, kwikomishoni okanye kwinkundlana, kuphando olwenziwaliCandelo Elizimeleyo Elijongene Nezikhalazo okanye kwityala lokuthinjwa kwempahla.
Wena okanye nabani na osemngciphekweni wokhuseleko angasuswa kuloo meko inobungozi ngoko nangoko. Uya kubekwa kwindawo yokhuseleko lwamangqina yexeshana, ze emva koko kuqwalaselwe isicelo sokhuseleko lwakho isigxina. Ukuba isicelo sakho sithe saphunyezwa uya kubekwa kwindawo yokhuseleko lwamangqina isigxina.
Kufuneka ube lingqina, okanye ufake isicelo egameni lomntu olingqina, ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo sokhuseleko lobungqina.
Igosa eliphandayo (umcuphi) ophanda ityala olingqina kulo.
Inkumanda yeso sikhululo okanye nabani na osemagunyeni kuso nasiphi isikhululo.
Ukuba usentolongeni, igosa eliphetheyo kuloo ntolongo okanye unontlalo-ntle obhalisiweyo kuloo ntolongo.
Umtshutshisi wombuso otshutshisa kwityala onikezela ubungqina kulo, okanye ke uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu (owayesakwaziwa njengeGqwetha Elikhulu Lombuso) kuloo ngingqi.
Naliphi na ilungu leCandelo Lokhuseleko Lwamangqina.
Umntu onikezele ingxelo yakho kuye uya kwenza amalungiselelo okususwa kwakho ngoko nangoko ukuba usemngciphekweni sele usemngciphekweni wokhuseleko. Kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iphewtshana lesicelo emva kokususwa kuloo meko inobungozi. uMlawuli weCandelo Lokhuseleko Lwamangqina uya kwaziswa kwiiyure ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo emva kokuba ususiwe kuloo meko inobungozi wasiwa kwindawo okhuseleko lwexeshana.
Uya kugcinwa kuloo ndawo yokhuseleko lwexeshana isithuba esingagqithanga kwiiveki ezimbini. Ngesi sihuba ke igosa lokhuseleko lwamangqina liya kwenza uphando ngesicelo sakho, phando olo luquka uvavanyo lomngcipheko okuwo kwakunye nokhuhlolwa kwakho yingcali kwizigulo zengqondo. Igosa eli liya kunikezela le ngxelo kulo Mlawuli, oya kuhi yena afikelele kwisigqibo sokuba landiswe na ixesha lakho lokufakwa kukhuseleko lwexeshana, ufakwe kwinkqubo esisigxina yokhuseleko lwamangqina okanye asikhabe esi sicelo kusini na.
Ukuba uMlawuli lo uthi afikelele kwisigqibo sokuba ufakwe kwinkqubo esisigxina yokhuseleko lwamangqina, kuya kufuneka utyikitye isivumelwano sokukhuselwa. Kwesi sivumelwano ke uyavuma ukuba uya kuyithobela yonke imiqathango yale nkqubo yokukhuselwa, miqathango leyo ke isekelwe ekubeni ungakhuphi na naziphi na iinkcukacha ngale nkqubo ndawonye nayiphi na imiqathango enokuba iyachaphazeleka kweli tyala ubandakanyeka kulo. Akuyikufakwa kwinkqubo esisxina yokukhuselwa de ube kanti usityikityile esi sivumelwano. Esi sivumelwano ke siqulunqelwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwakho ndawonye nokhuseleko lwamagosa enkqubo yokhuseleko lwamangqina kwakunye nabani na obandakanyekayo kule nkqubo. Onke amangqina asele ekhe afumana ukhuseleko kule nkqubo nawayithobelayo imiqathango awayeyibekelwe akwisivumelwano sawo sokukhuselwa asakhuselekile nangoku.
Ukufakwa kwinkqubo esisigxina yokhuseleko akuthethi ukuba uya kuba kule nkqubo yokhuseleko ubom bakho bonke. Ukukhuselwa isigxina kuthetha ukukhuselwa de kuphele umngcipheko wokhuseleko ebomini bakho, kwakunye nesithuba sokhuseleko sokugqibela esiziiveki ezintandathu, esilandelwa kukukhululwa kwakho kuloo nkqubo. Ukukhululwa kwakho kusenokuthetha ukutshintshwa kweenkukacha zakho, nto leyo ingakukutshintshwa kwegama nefani kwanokuhlaliswa kwenye indawo ususwe kuleyo ubusoloko uhlala kuyo.
Wena nosapho lwakho oluphangaleleyo, apho kuyimfuneko, niya kuhlaliswa kwindlu ekhuselekileyo esele inempahla yendlu kodwa enizithengelayo ukutya kuyo (akuyihlawuleli yona indawo yokuhlala).
Uya kususwa kwingingqi ohlala kuyo ukuba oko kubonwa kuyimfuneko.
Ingcali kuchaphazelekeni kwengqondo zizehlo iya kwenza uvavanyo lwengqondo ze ikuncede apho ubonakala uphazamiseka khona.
Uya kufakwa kwinkqubo yokuziqhelanisa ukuze ube nokuzazi izinto omawuzilindele.
Ukuba akuphangeli, uya kufumana inkxaso-mali eya kukunceda ufikelele kwizidingo zakho ezingundoqo.
Ukuba uyaphangela, uya kufumana umvuzo othabatha indawo yalowo wakho wesiqhelo.
Ukuba ukunye nabantwana bakho, kuya kwenziwa amalungiselelo okuba baye esikolweni.
Ezine iindleko, ezifana okufunda kwakho, uthutho, impahla yokunxiba kwakunye neendleko zonyango, kuya kujongwana nazo.
Uya kukhatyelwa ngaphandle kwale nkqubo yokhuseleko ukuba kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba uthe wophula nawuphi umqathango obuwubekelwe, okanye kufumaniseke ukuba akuzenzi ngendlela eyamkelekileyo izinto kule nkqubo. Le nkqubo ke ayimelani tu 'nabantu abathubelezisa ulwazi', abo ke ngabantu abenza ngathi bangamangqina ukuze babe nokungena kule nkqubo.
iCandelo Lokhuseleko Lwamangqina kungoku nje linikezela nangononophelo lwamangqina aphuma kule nkqubo ukuwanceda akwazi ukuzibuyisela eluntwini emva kokushiya inkqubo esisigxina yokhuseleko (oko ke kukuthi, emva kokukhutshwa kwakho kule nkqubo). Kwisithuba sokugqibela esiziiveki ezintandathu, kuya kuphinda kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo lomngcipheko wokhuseleko lwakho. Ukukhutshswa kwakho kule nkqubo isisigxina yokhuseleko kungathetha ukutshintshwa mhlawumbi kwegama nefani yakho. Uya kuncediswa ukuze ube nokuzibuyisela eluntwini. Kusenoku yimfuneko kanti ukuba uyishiye kuphele ingingqi obusoloko uhlala kuyo. Njrngomzekelo wokuba kungenzeka njani na oku, ukuba uhlala kwindlu yeRDP kuloo ngingqi, ungatshintshelwa kwenye indlu yeRDP ekwenye ingingqi.
Yonke into enento yokwenza nokhuseleko lwamangqina yenziwa ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iWitness Protection Act 112 ka-1998. Eli Candelo Lokhuseleko Lwamangqina linee-ofisi zemimandla ezilithoba, inye kwiphondo ngalinye. Noko kunjalo ke, iindawo ezikuzo ezi ofisi azichazwa eluntwini. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye izinto ofuna ukuzazi ezifana mhlawumbi nokunikezela umkhomba-ndlela kweli Candelo, elisePitoli neliyingxenye yeCandelo Lesizwe Lotshutshiso Loluntu, elicandelo lotshutshiso loluntu laseMzantsi Afrika.
Witness Protection Act, No 112 of 1998 (UMthetho) (File type: pdf; size: 2.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9755.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba awunako ukuhlawula igqwetha, ungafumana uncedo lwezomthetho (uncedo ngezemali kwimirhumo yamagqwetha). Kuya kufuneka uphumelele uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'means test', oko kukuthi, kufuneka ubonise ukuba urhola imali ngenyanga engaphantsi kwexabiso elimiswe yiBhodi yoNcedo lwaseMthethweni. Eli xabiso liyatshintsha xa ungatshatanga okanye utshatile kwaye likwatshintsha ngokuhamba kwamaxesha. Kufuneka uphinde ubonise ukuba awunayo impahla enokuthengiswa kufunyanwe imali ekwi-akhawunti yokulondoloza, nenokuthi isetyenziswe ekuhlawuleni imirhumo yakho yomthetho. Ungafumana uncedo lwezomthetho kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zamatyala.
Kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho ukuba uza kuvuma ityala.
Kumatyala amalunga nezithuthi, ukuquka namatyala okuqhuba uphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala.
Kwimirhumo yolwaphulo-mthetho loshishino olunjengobuqhetseba.
Kwimirhumo yokuthengisa iziyobisi.
Kwityala lakho lesithathu okanye ngaphezulu lolwaphulo-mthetho kwityala elinye elifanayo.
Kwityala apho uye awaphumelela ukuhlawula ityala ngezavenge njengoko uyalelwe njalo yinkundla.
Kwityala apho izinto onazo ziza kwabiwa ngenxa yokuba ungakwazi ukuhlawula amatyala akho.
Ukuba ufumanise iBhodi yoNcedo lwaseMthethweni inetyala lokwenza nantoni ngokungekho mthethweni okanye esikweni.
Xa wenze isicelo sokuba ungabinamali okanye izinto zakho onazo kwabelwane ngazo.
Xa umangalela imali (umonakalo) kumabango anxulumene nolwalamano anjengonyeliso, ulwaphulo lwesithembiso sokutshata, ulwaphulo lwesidima okanye ukuba bucala, ukuhenda, ukukrexeza, kunye nokuphelisa imvisiswano (apho xa ufuna ukumangalela umntu othile obangele umntu obuza kutshata naye akuphelise oku).
Kukho ithuba lokuphinda nibuyelane neqabane lakho kwakhona.
Umlawuli weBhodi ekholelwa ekubeni akukhange kubekho zinzame zaneleyo ezenziwe nguwe kunye neqabane lakho ukuba nifikelele kwisivumelwano.
Usebenzise uncedo lwezomthetho ngaphambili ekumangaleleni uqhawulo-mtshato kodwa wagqiba ekubeni ungaqhubekeki nesi senzo sokuqhawula umtshato.
Akukho bantwana kolu qhawulo lomtshato.
Ukuba ubanga ukugxothwa ngendlela engafanelekanga emsebenzini (ugxothwe kakubi ngendlela enganabulungisa) ukuba ibango lakho ulenze lingaphelanga ixesha elimiswe phantsi komthetho obizwa ngokuba yi-Labour Relations Act.
Ukubanga ingxelo yokuvuzwa. Kodwa ke, uncedo lwwzomthetho alusayi kwamkelwa ukuba kukho izizathu ezifanelekileyo zokukholelwa kuwe ukuba awuwuthathi lo msebenzi ngenjongo ethile okanye urhoxile emsebenzini ukuze ufumane uncedo lwezomthetho.
Ungafumana uncedo lwasemthethweni kwizibheno kuzo zonke ezi ndidi zamatyala zidwelisiweyo, nokuba lulwaphulo-mthetho okanye lityala lasekuhlaleni (kumatyala apho umangalayo okanye umangalelwayo). Kwizibheno, uMlawuli weBhodi kufuneka naye akholelwe ekubeni unethuba elifanelekileyo lokuphumelela.
Yiya kwi-Ofisi yeSebe leBhodi Yoncedo Lwezomthetho okanye ke, ukuba ayikho kummandla ohlala kuwo, yiya kwinkundla kamantyi ekufutshane ukuze ubuze malunga noncedo lwasemthethweni. Zonke iinkundla zikamantyi zinegosa loncedo lwezomthetho neliya kukunceda ngayo nayiphina imibuzo yakho onayo malunga noncedo lwasemthethweni.
Igosa loncedo lwasemthethweni liya kujonga ukuba uyalonelisa na uvavanyo lokufikelela olubizwa ngokuba yimeans test kwakunye nokuba imeko yakho iwela ngaphakathi kuluhlu lwezikhokhelo ezimiswe yiBhodi Yoncedo Lwezomthetho. Ukuba unelungelo koku, uya kuthunyelwa egqwetheni neliya kufumana okubizwa ngokuba 'ngumyalelo woncedo lwasemthethweni kwityala lakho. Elo gqwetha liya kuthi lijongane netyala lakho. Amagqwetha awanalungelo lokulandula umyalelo woncedo lwasemthethweni, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo awafani akulandule oku. Ukuba angathi angakwamkeli oku, umyalelo woncedo lwasemthethweni ungenziwa kwelinye igqwetha.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba iBhodi Yoncedo Lwezomthetho asiyiyo inkonzo engahlawulelwayo yeengcebiso zomthetho. Inikeza inkxaso ngokwezimali kwimiba yomthetho kubantu abahlupheke kakhulu abangakwaziyo ukuhlawula imirhumo yomthetho. Kodwa ke, ungazifumana iingcebiso zomthetho kunye noncedo kwiiklinikhi zomthetho ezidibene needyunivesithi, kwaye ngamaxesha amaninzi, ezi klinikhi zikwathatha imiyalelo yoncedo lwasemththweni olusuka kwiBhodi Yoncedo Lwezomthetho. EStellenbosch, le mibutho mibini ikwisakhiwo esinye.
<fn>GOV-ZA.97842.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yale nkqubo Yophuhliso Lweshishini Lwezokhenketho kukwandisa ubunini bamashishini ezokhenketho kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba amashishini ezokhenketho enza ingeniso ebonakalayo nazamayo aphantsi kolawulo lwabantu abamnyama ayanda kweli Phondo.
Baphucule izakhono zabo kwanamacebo olawulo lwala mashishini.
Bandise ulwazi lwabo ngeli shishini lezokhenketho, amathuba elibaphathela wona kwanemiceli-mngeni.
Siqinisekise ukufikelela kwala mashishini kwiimalike ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Ngapha koko, eli phulo Lophuhliso Lweshishini Lwezokhenketho lithe lasebenzisa Nesicwangciso-qhinga Sokugaya Inkxaso Esihlula-hlulwe Ngokwamabakala apho amashishini ahlula-hlulwe angamaqela okanye amanqanaba amane ophuhliso loshishino. Inqanaba ngalinye ke kula liye laqulunqelwa intlaninge yeenkqubo ezikudidi olulodwa..
Iinkcukacha ngala mabakala kwaneenkqubo ezihambelana nazo zifumaneka kwiphetshana leengcaciso elisihloko sithi How Can We Support Your Tourism Business.
Eli phulo Lophuhliso Lweshishini Lwezokhenketho liye lazimanya kwiqhina lentsebenziswano nentlaninge yemibutho ebona iinguqu kwanale nkqubo yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama njengezinye zezona njongo zayo.
Xa sisonke senza eli Butho Loshishino Lwezokhenketho, elithe ngokuhlangana rhoqo lade lanakho nokuqulunqa isicwangciso-qhinga esinye. Ngalo mbono mnye, iinkqubo esabelana ngazo, iziAbonelelo ezihlanghanisiweyo, eli Butho liluphuhlisa ngokwenene ushishino lwezokhenketho lweNtshona Kapa.
Cofa kulo naliphi na iqhosha ukuze ube nokufunda banzi ngendlela iButho Lophuhliso Loshishino Lwezokhenketho elinobanceda ngayo abanini-mashishini ezokhenketho.
Incwadana: How can we Support your Tourism Business?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.97842.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yale nkqubo Yophuhliso Lweshishini Lwezokhenketho kukwandisa ubunini bamashishini ezokhenketho kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba amashishini ezokhenketho enza ingeniso ebonakalayo nazamayo aphantsi kolawulo lwabantu abamnyama ayanda kweli Phondo.
Baphucule izakhono zabo kwanamacebo olawulo lwala mashishini.
Siqinisekise ukufikelela kwala mashishini kwiimalike ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Ngapha koko, eli phulo Lophuhliso Lweshishini Lwezokhenketho lithe lasebenzisa Nesicwangciso-qhinga Sokugaya Inkxaso Esihlula-hlulwe Ngokwamabakala apho amashishini ahlula-hlulwe angamaqela okanye amanqanaba amane ophuhliso loshishino. Inqanaba ngalinye ke kula liye laqulunqelwa intlaninge yeenkqubo ezikudidi olulodwa..
Eli phulo Lophuhliso Lweshishini Lwezokhenketho liye lazimanya kwiqhina lentsebenziswano nentlaninge yemibutho ebona iinguqu kwanale nkqubo yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama njengezinye zezona njongo zayo.
Xa sisonke senza eli Butho Loshishino Lwezokhenketho, elithe ngokuhlangana rhoqo lade lanakho nokuqulunqa isicwangciso-qhinga esinye. Ngalo mbono mnye, iinkqubo esabelana ngazo, iziAbonelelo ezihlanghanisiweyo, eli Butho liluphuhlisa ngokwenene ushishino lwezokhenketho lweNtshona Kapa.
Cofa kulo naliphi na iqhosha ukuze ube nokufunda banzi ngendlela iButho Lophuhliso Loshishino Lwezokhenketho elinobanceda ngayo abanini-mashishini ezokhenketho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.98071.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9828.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lezolimo leNtshona Kapa linesikhululo salo somculo esaziwa ngokuba yiRadio Elsenburg. Apha ke uChris Viljoen uthi enze amalungiselelo eenkqubo ezimbini zesi sikhululo sikanomathotholo sisebenza ngesiBhuluiRadio Sonder Grense (iRSG ngamafuphi). Esisikhululo ke sisasaza kwilizwe ngokubanzi kumaza omoya angu-100 - 104 FM.
I-Elsenburg Forum isasaza rhoqo ngokuhlwa kwangoLwesine nge-20h30, ngelixa iLandbou-oorsig yona ivakala emva kwemini yangoLwesihlanu nge-12h30.
Zombini ezi nkqubo zisasazwa ngesiBhulu yaye zishukuxa uthotho lwemiba yezolimo. Ezi nkqubo zikwagcinwa kwiwebsite yethu ngokohlobo lwamaxwebhu e-.mp3.
Vulela unomathotholo qwakho kwisikhululo iRSG esikumaza omoya angu-100 - 104 FM ngooLwezine nge-20:30 okanye ke ngooLwezihlanu nge-12:30, okanye utyelele iwebsite yase-Elsenburg emva kosasazo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.9931.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkqubo ke ikwenza oku ngokuthi iqinisekise ukuba amaziko nezixhobo zezemidlalo ziyawavumela amanina ekubeni athabathe inxaxheba futhi iintshukumno zezemidlalo zibakho yaye namaphulo athe axhaswa ngezimali athi azame ukuquka amanina.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9931.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwamanina Akwezemidlalo ijolise ekwandiseni inxaxheba yamakhosikazi namantombazana kwiinthukumo zezemidlalo njengeembaleki, abaphathi, abaqeqeshi, abalawuli okanye amagosa ononophelo.
Le nkqubo ke ikwenza oku ngokuthi iqinisekise ukuba amaziko nezixhobo zezemidlalo ziyawavumela amanina ekubeni athabathe inxaxheba futhi iintshukumno zezemidlalo zibakho yaye namaphulo athe axhaswa ngezimali athi azame ukuquka amanina.
Elinye lamaphulo asaqhutywayo ale Nkqubo Yophuhliso Lwamanina Akwezemidlalo ijolise ekuvuselelweni komdlalo webhola yomnyazi, ingakumbi kwiingingqi ezisezilokishini. Le nkqubo ikho kuyo yonke iNtshona Koloni kwiingingqi ezifana neHeideveld, iKhayelitsha, iPiketberg, iPorterville, iZoar neKannaland.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.99328.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Emva kweminyaka emihlanu yokusebenzisana namanye amaqumrhu noluntu, iKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni iwuqoshelisile uMgaqo-nkqubo Weelwimi waseNtshona Koloni, ongowohlobo lokuqala eMzantsi Afrika. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uya kunceda ekudalweni kombono weKhaya Lethu Sonke kweli phondo ngokuqinisekisa ukulingana ngokwesimo nangokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo: osoBhulu, isiNgesi nesiXhosa. Ukwaxhasa ze uphakamise ulwimi lwabantu abangevayo lwaseMzantsi Afrika, olwamaKhoi nolwaBathwa kwakunye nezinye iilwimi zoMzantsi Afrika ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo wawiswa yipalamente yephondo ngenyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004.
Uqulunqwe yiKomiti yeeLwimi yaseNtshona Koloni, ibhodi egunyaziswe ngurhulumente wephondo laseNtshona Koloni.
Uphuhliso loqoqosho lwephondo nolukazwelonke.
Ukuphuhlisa izibonelelo zokusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokuxhasa nangokwenza ukuba kubenakho ukuqeqeshwa iingcali zolwimi.
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni zePhondo sisiBhulu, isiXhosa nesiNgesi. Ezi lwimi zingasetyenziswa kwiingxoxo nakwezinye iinkqubo zePalamente neekomiti zayo zePhondo laseNtshona Koloni. IPalamente yaseNtshona Koloni mayenze amalungiselelo eenkonzo zokutolika nokutolikela kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha lengxoxo kwiPalamente yePhondo nakuzo naziphi iikomiti zayo. Makwenziwe amalungiselelo okutolikela kulwimi lokuthetha ngezandla apho kukho imfuneko.
Ingxelo yaseburhulumenteni yeengxoxo zePalamente yePhondo mayigcinwe ngolwimi lwaseburhulumenteni ebekuxoxwa ngalo. Inguqulelo yawo nawaphi amacandelo engxelo eguqulelwe kulo naluphi ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni, malwenziwe nguSosiba wePalamente yePhondo, ngexesha elamkelekileyo emva kwengxoxo.
Lonke uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezigqibo zaseburhulumenteni zePalamente yePhondo neekomiti mazibekho kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente ingenza amalungiselelo okuba uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezisombululo zaseburhulumenteni zenziwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni zize zenziwe zibekho nakwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha elamkelekileyo.
Umthetho oyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo mawuthi usaziswa ube ubhalwe ngeelwimi zaseburhulumenteni ezimbini ubuncinane. Makusekwe inkqubo yokubolekisana ngokulinganayo kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zephondo. USosiba wePalamente makagcine irejista kwindawo enye ukuze kulawulwe ukubolekisana kwimiqulu yemithetho eyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo.
Isaziso sengxoxo okanye isaziso esingafuni kuxoxwa kwiPalamente yePhondo masenziwe sibekho ngazo zontathu iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente yePhondo ingenza amalungiselelo okuba isaziso sengxoxo sibhalwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni, uguqulelo lolwimi lubekho emva kwexesha elamkelekileyo kwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni.
Zonke izaziso ezikhutshelwa ukwazisa abantu ngurhulumente wephondo mazikhutshwe ngesiBhulu, isiXhosa nesiNgesi. Ekwenzeni oku urhulumente wengingqi makaqaphele iilwimi ezikhethwa ngabahlali beendawo zabo.
Zonke izaziso nezibhengezo zaseburhulumenteni ezipapashwa kwiGazethi yePhondo nguRhulumente wePhondo mazishicilelwe ngesiBhulu, isiXhosa. nesiNgesi. Xa zishicilelwa kwamanye amaphephandaba, kwanele ukushicilela la maxwebhu, izaziso nezibhengezo ngolwimi elingalo iphephandaba ekupapashwa kulo. Ukuba akukho phephandaba lishicilelwa ngolwimi oluthile, ezi zaziso okanye izibhengezo mazishicilelwe ngolo lwimi lwaseburhulumenteni kwelinye iphephandaba.
Naliphi ilungu okanye iziko lephondo okanye urhulumente wengingqi kunxibelelwano olubhaliweyo nolungabhalwanga lalo noluntu, nasekunikeni kwalo iinkonzo zoluntu, maliqinisekise ukuba oku kwenziwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, ngoncedo lweetoliki nabaguquleli beelwimi, nezinye iindlela zobugcisa ezinjengokupapashwa kwenkqubo ekumabonakude ngolunye ulwimi kunomathotholo nokubhala inguqulelo yokuthethwayo kumabonakude, nakuluphi olunye lweelwimi zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni, oku kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zelungu okanye amalungu abahlali babo.
kuncedwe nangaluphi na olunye lweelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni kumaziko ePhondo naworhulumente weNgingqi apho kukho imfuneko ebonakalayo yonxibelelwano neenkonzo ngolo lwimi okuxhomekeke kwiimfuno nokukhethwa luluntu, kungalindelwa ukuba iziko elichaphazelekayo linxibelelane kwaye linike iinkonzo ngolo lwimi, oku kuya kwenziwa ngokwemiqathango yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi weMfundo kaZwelonke.
Kumbandela wonxibelelwano olubhaliweyo phakathi kukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi nabemi, ulwimi olukhethwa ngabahlali luya kusetyenziswa. Ukuba uRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi uqala unxibelelwano, ulwimi lwabahlali abancedwayo, njengomthetho luya kuqinisekisa iilwimi eziya kusetyenziswa. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kuphicotho lokuthethwa kolwimi (language audit) oluthi lwenziwe ngamaxesha athile, ushicilelo lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi luya kukhutshwa ngolwimi okanye ngeelwimi zabemi abancedwayo.
Unxibelelwano lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi namazwe aphesheya luya kuba ngesiNgesi okanye ngolwimi olukhethwa lilizwe elichaphazelekayo.
Amaqela karhulumente wephondo nawengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi ezisetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi kwisebe, naphakathi kwalo namanye amasebe, makubekho umthetho-siseko oqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu uya kuthintelwa ekusebenziseni ulwimi alukhethayo, nangaliphi ixesha.
Amaqumrhu karhulumente wephondo nowengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi eziya kusetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi olubhaliweyo nonxibelelwano ngekhompyutha, kwisebe naphakathi kwamasebe, xa zonke iinzame ezenziweyo zenziwe ngendlela eya kwenza zihlangabezane nomgaqo osekelwe ukusetyenziswa kolwimi.
Oorhulumente beengingqi mabaqaphele ukuba ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nokukhethwa ngabemi babo ngokwemiqathango yomgaqo-nkqubo wolwimi wephondo onika ithuba lokusebenzisa ulwimi.
Ekuqinisekiseni ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nezinto ezikhethwa ngabemi, oorhulumente bengingqi, kufuneka bathethane nabemi bendawo leyo iphantsi kwabo, bekwaphuhlisa, bephumeza, kananjalo bapapashe imigaqo-nkqubo yeelwimi.
URhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi baya kukhuthaza bacebise amashishini abucala ukuba aphuhlise kwaye aphumeze imigaqo-nkqubo yawo yeelwimi evumelana nenkqubo yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi wePhondo, bawaxhase kananjalo ekwenzeni oko.
Urhulumente wephondo noorhulumente beengingqi baya kwenza imigudu yokuphuhlisa ezona lwimi zibalulekileyo kurhwebo nokhenketho, umzekelo isiJamane, isiFrentshi, isiJapani njalo njalo. Urhulumente wephondo norhulumente weengingqi uya kucebisa imibutho engeyo karhulumente ekwenzeni oko, umzekelo ukucwangcisa nokuqulunqa umgaqo-nkqubo.
Apho iqumrhu okanye iziko likarhulumente wephondo okanye weengingqi zisebizisa iibhodi ukwalatha ii-ofisi okanye iindawo zalo ezenza izinto ezithile, ezo bhodi zalathayo mazibhalwe ngeelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni. Makusetyenziswe iilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngokulinganayo kwiimpawu ezalatha indlela ezingeyo nxalenye yezo ze-RTRN. Kumbandela wamagama ezitalato zengingqi, makuthathelwe ingqalelo abemi bengingqi. Izakhiwo ezithile zikarhulumente wenginqqi njengee-ofisi zikamasipala, iikliniki zempilo namathala eencwadi ziya kwalathwa ngeelwimi ezintathu ngawo onke amaxesha.
1xa kuthethwa ngoRhulumente wePhondo kuthethwa ngemisebenzi yesigqeba, yowiso-mthetho, yokujongana nomthetho neenkundla kwakunye nolawulo lukarhulumente ephondo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA.99328.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Emva kweminyaka emihlanu yokusebenzisana namanye amaqumrhu noluntu, iKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni iwuqoshelisile uMgaqo-nkqubo Weelwimi waseNtshona Koloni, ongowohlobo lokuqala eMzantsi Afrika. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uya kunceda ekudalweni kombono weKhaya Lethu Sonke kweli phondo ngokuqinisekisa ukulingana ngokwesimo nangokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo: osoBhulu, isiNgesi nesiXhosa. Ukwaxhasa ze uphakamise ulwimi lwabantu abangevayo lwaseMzantsi Afrika, olwamaKhoi nolwaBathwa kwakunye nezinye iilwimi zoMzantsi Afrika ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo wawiswa yipalamente yephondo ngenyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004.
Uqulunqwe yiKomiti yeeLwimi yaseNtshona Koloni, ibhodi egunyaziswe ngurhulumente wephondo laseNtshona Koloni.
Ukuphuhlisa izibonelelo zokusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokuxhasa nangokwenza ukuba kubenakho ukuqeqeshwa iingcali zolwimi.
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni zePhondo sisiBhulu, isiXhosa nesiNgesi. Ezi lwimi zingasetyenziswa kwiingxoxo nakwezinye iinkqubo zePalamente neekomiti zayo zePhondo laseNtshona Koloni. IPalamente yaseNtshona Koloni mayenze amalungiselelo eenkonzo zokutolika nokutolikela kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha lengxoxo kwiPalamente yePhondo nakuzo naziphi iikomiti zayo. Makwenziwe amalungiselelo okutolikela kulwimi lokuthetha ngezandla apho kukho imfuneko.
Ingxelo yaseburhulumenteni yeengxoxo zePalamente yePhondo mayigcinwe ngolwimi lwaseburhulumenteni ebekuxoxwa ngalo. Inguqulelo yawo nawaphi amacandelo engxelo eguqulelwe kulo naluphi ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni, malwenziwe nguSosiba wePalamente yePhondo, ngexesha elamkelekileyo emva kwengxoxo.
Lonke uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezigqibo zaseburhulumenteni zePalamente yePhondo neekomiti mazibekho kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente ingenza amalungiselelo okuba uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezisombululo zaseburhulumenteni zenziwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni zize zenziwe zibekho nakwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha elamkelekileyo.
Umthetho oyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo mawuthi usaziswa ube ubhalwe ngeelwimi zaseburhulumenteni ezimbini ubuncinane. Makusekwe inkqubo yokubolekisana ngokulinganayo kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zephondo. USosiba wePalamente makagcine irejista kwindawo enye ukuze kulawulwe ukubolekisana kwimiqulu yemithetho eyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo.
Isaziso sengxoxo okanye isaziso esingafuni kuxoxwa kwiPalamente yePhondo masenziwe sibekho ngazo zontathu iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente yePhondo ingenza amalungiselelo okuba isaziso sengxoxo sibhalwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni, uguqulelo lolwimi lubekho emva kwexesha elamkelekileyo kwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni.
Zonke izaziso nezibhengezo zaseburhulumenteni ezipapashwa kwiGazethi yePhondo nguRhulumente wePhondo mazishicilelwe ngesiBhulu, isiXhosa. nesiNgesi. Xa zishicilelwa kwamanye amaphephandaba, kwanele ukushicilela la maxwebhu, izaziso nezibhengezo ngolwimi elingalo iphephandaba ekupapashwa kulo. Ukuba akukho phephandaba lishicilelwa ngolwimi oluthile, ezi zaziso okanye izibhengezo mazishicilelwe ngolo lwimi lwaseburhulumenteni kwelinye iphephandaba.
Naliphi ilungu okanye iziko lephondo okanye urhulumente wengingqi kunxibelelwano olubhaliweyo nolungabhalwanga lalo noluntu, nasekunikeni kwalo iinkonzo zoluntu, maliqinisekise ukuba oku kwenziwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, ngoncedo lweetoliki nabaguquleli beelwimi, nezinye iindlela zobugcisa ezinjengokupapashwa kwenkqubo ekumabonakude ngolunye ulwimi kunomathotholo nokubhala inguqulelo yokuthethwayo kumabonakude, nakuluphi olunye lweelwimi zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni, oku kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zelungu okanye amalungu abahlali babo.
ukusebenzisa naluphi kwezi lwimi zintathu zaseburhulumenteni kunxibelelwano lwalo naliphi iziko lePhondo okanye uRhulumente wengingqi, ze kuncedwe nangaluphi na olunye lweelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni kumaziko ePhondo naworhulumente weNgingqi apho kukho imfuneko ebonakalayo yonxibelelwano neenkonzo ngolo lwimi okuxhomekeke kwiimfuno nokukhethwa luluntu, kungalindelwa ukuba iziko elichaphazelekayo linxibelelane kwaye linike iinkonzo ngolo lwimi, oku kuya kwenziwa ngokwemiqathango yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi weMfundo kaZwelonke.
Kumbandela wonxibelelwano olubhaliweyo phakathi kukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi nabemi, ulwimi olukhethwa ngabahlali luya kusetyenziswa. Ukuba uRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi uqala unxibelelwano, ulwimi lwabahlali abancedwayo, njengomthetho luya kuqinisekisa iilwimi eziya kusetyenziswa. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kuphicotho lokuthethwa kolwimi (language audit) oluthi lwenziwe ngamaxesha athile, ushicilelo lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi luya kukhutshwa ngolwimi okanye ngeelwimi zabemi abancedwayo.
Unxibelelwano lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi namazwe aphesheya luya kuba ngesiNgesi okanye ngolwimi olukhethwa lilizwe elichaphazelekayo.
Amaqela karhulumente wephondo nawengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi ezisetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi kwisebe, naphakathi kwalo namanye amasebe, makubekho umthetho-siseko oqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu uya kuthintelwa ekusebenziseni ulwimi alukhethayo, nangaliphi ixesha.
Amaqumrhu karhulumente wephondo nowengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi eziya kusetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi olubhaliweyo nonxibelelwano ngekhompyutha, kwisebe naphakathi kwamasebe, xa zonke iinzame ezenziweyo zenziwe ngendlela eya kwenza zihlangabezane nomgaqo osekelwe ukusetyenziswa kolwimi.
Oorhulumente beengingqi mabaqaphele ukuba ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nokukhethwa ngabemi babo ngokwemiqathango yomgaqo-nkqubo wolwimi wephondo onika ithuba lokusebenzisa ulwimi.
Ekuqinisekiseni ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nezinto ezikhethwa ngabemi, oorhulumente bengingqi, kufuneka bathethane nabemi bendawo leyo iphantsi kwabo, bekwaphuhlisa, bephumeza, kananjalo bapapashe imigaqo-nkqubo yeelwimi.
URhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi baya kukhuthaza bacebise amashishini abucala ukuba aphuhlise kwaye aphumeze imigaqo-nkqubo yawo yeelwimi evumelana nenkqubo yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi wePhondo, bawaxhase kananjalo ekwenzeni oko.
Urhulumente wephondo noorhulumente beengingqi baya kwenza imigudu yokuphuhlisa ezona lwimi zibalulekileyo kurhwebo nokhenketho, umzekelo isiJamane, isiFrentshi, isiJapani njalo njalo. Urhulumente wephondo norhulumente weengingqi uya kucebisa imibutho engeyo karhulumente ekwenzeni oko, umzekelo ukucwangcisa nokuqulunqa umgaqo-nkqubo.
Apho iqumrhu okanye iziko likarhulumente wephondo okanye weengingqi zisebizisa iibhodi ukwalatha ii-ofisi okanye iindawo zalo ezenza izinto ezithile, ezo bhodi zalathayo mazibhalwe ngeelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni. Makusetyenziswe iilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngokulinganayo kwiimpawu ezalatha indlela ezingeyo nxalenye yezo ze-RTRN. Kumbandela wamagama ezitalato zengingqi, makuthathelwe ingqalelo abemi bengingqi. Izakhiwo ezithile zikarhulumente wenginqqi njengee-ofisi zikamasipala, iikliniki zempilo namathala eencwadi ziya kwalathwa ngeelwimi ezintathu ngawo onke amaxesha.
xa kuthethwa ngoRhulumente wePhondo kuthethwa ngemisebenzi yesigqeba, yowiso-mthetho, yokujongana nomthetho neenkundla kwakunye nolawulo lukarhulumente ephondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.9999.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iziko Loqeqesho Kwezemidlalo libonelela ngenkxaso kwiimbaleki nakubaqeqeshi abanika ithemba kwimidlalo enqabileyo.
ukuvavanywa kweembaleki zemidlalo enqabileyo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.9999.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iziko Loqeqesho Kwezemidlalo libonelela ngenkxaso kwiimbaleki nakubaqeqeshi abanika ithemba kwimidlalo enqabileyo.
iinkqubo zokuchongwa kwetalente iinkampu zoqeqesho kwiimbaleki zemidlalo enqabileyo iindibano zabaqeqeshi abaziintloko ukuvavanywa kweembaleki zemidlalo enqabileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.99land_bill.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Wokubonelela ngokufunyanwa nokunikezelwa komhlaba kaRhulumente wePhondo leMpuma-Koloni nangezinto eziphathelele kuwo.
umhlaba wePhondo kuthethwa nawuphi na umhlaba ophantsi kukaRhulumente obhaliswe phantsi komhlathi wama-28 weShedyuli 6 yomGaqo-siseko ndawonye nawo nawuphi na umhlaba ofunyenwe nguRhulumente ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho.
umBhalisi wamaLungelo omHlaba kuthethwa umBhalisi wamaLungelo omHlaba njengoko kuchaziwe kuMthetho woBhaliso lwamaLungelo omHlaba we-1937 uMthetho onguNo.
igqiza elijongene neNgxowa-mali yePhondo kuthethwa iGqiza elijongene nengxowa-mali yePhondo njengoko kuchaziwe phantsi koMthetho olawula imali kaRhulumente we-1994 uMthetho onguNo.
INkulumbuso isenokuthi, ngokukhokelwa yimigaqo neemeko ezithile xa ibona kufanelekile, ifumane umhlaba okanye inikezele ngomhlaba wePhondo.
Umhlaba ofunyenwe phantsi kwemigaqo ekwicandelwana uya kuba phantsi koRhulumente.
Imiqathango ephantsi kwecandelwana ayiyi kuyikhuphela ecaleni iNkulumbuso okanye umntu onelungelo lomhlaba ekuthobeleni naluphi na uxanduva oluphantsi kwemigaqo yaso nasiphina isivumelwano sobunini esibhalisiweyo.
UmPhathiswa uya kuqinisekisa ukuba uxwebhu olulungelelanisiweyo luyamiselwa luze lugcinwe lukwimo efanelekileyo khona ukuze lube nokubonisa wonke umhlaba wePhondo.
nazo naziphi na iimeko ezisisithintelo ngokuphathelele kumhlaba ekunikezelwe ngawo.
INkulumbuso isenokulifumana ilungelo elingakwicala likaRhulumente lokuba umntu onelungelo lomhlaba okanye indlalifa yamalungelo omntu onelungelo lomhlaba, akayi kunikezela ngomhlaba kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi ubuninzi, ukususela kumhla wobhaliso lokuqala lomhlaba egameni lomntu onelungelo lomhlaba, ngaphandle kokuba isaziso sentengiso esibhaliweyo sithe sanikezelwa kuRhulumente ize iNkulumbuso ibe isilele ukusebenzisa ilungelo lokufumana umhlaba.
Ngesicelo seNkulumbuso umbhalisi wamalungelo omhlaba uya kufakela kuxwebhu lwamalungelo omhlaba ubukho belungelo ekubhekiselelwa kulo kwicandelwana okanye aphumeze ilungelo elo ngohlobo abona lufanelekile kwaye ngoko ke elo lungelo liya kusebenza kubo bonke abantu ngaphandle komntu (kuqukwa noRhulumente) onetyala lemali-mboleko okanye ityala elilelinye obambise ngomhlaba phambi kokufakelwa kwelungelo elikhankanyiweyo kuxwebhu lwamalungelo omhlaba lomhlaba ololo hlobo; kwaye umbhalisi wamalungelo omhlaba uya kuhlomela okanye arhoxise naliphi na ilungelo xa iNkulumbuso ifikelele kwisigqibo sokurhoxisa okanye sokuhlomela ilungelo elo njengoko kuchaziwe kwicandelwana lesi.
INkulumbuso iya kunika isaziso kumntu oselungelweni lomhlaba ngenjongo yayo yokusebenzisa ilungelo lokufumana umhlaba ikwenza oko kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-45 emva kokufumana isaziso esibhaliweyo sentengiso elindelekileyo yomhlaba neyenziwa ngumntu oselungelweni lomhlaba.
ngesivumelwano esiphakathi kukaRhulumente nomntu oselungelweni lomhlaba; okanye ukuba akukho sivumelwano kunokufikelelwa kuso kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-60 ukususela kumhla wesaziso ekubhekiselelwa kuso kwicandelwana lesi- , liqinisekiswa ngumlamli owonyulwe ngesivumelwano esiphakathi kukaRhulumente nomthengisi-mhlaba okanye ekusileleni kwesivumelwano, umlamli owonyulwe yiNkulumbuso, kwaye imigaqo yoMthetho woLamlo we-1965 (uMthetho onguNo. 42 we-1965) uya kusebenza.
INkulumbuso iya kuthi, emva kokuqinisekiswa kwexabiso lentengiso njengoko kuchatshazelwe kwicandelwana lesi , inike isaziso esibhaliweyo sokugqibela kumntu onelungelo lomhlaba ngokusebenzisa kwayo ilungelo lokufunyanwa komhlaba ngokutsha kwaye loo nquleqhu iya kuqosheliswa ngethuba elingelide.
INkulumbuso isenokufakela okanye irhoxise naliphi na ilungelo phantsi kwecandelwana loku , ukuba oko akubeki bunzima phezu komntu onelungelo lomhlaba.
Ukuba iNkulumbuso ithe yafumana okanye yanikezela ngawo nawuphi na umhlaba wePhondo ngokwemigaqo ephantsi kwecandelo lesi-2, iya kuthi isayine okanye iyalele ukuba kusayinwe egameni likaRhulumente onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo esivumelwano namaxwebhu angamanye anokuthi afuneke ngokusemthethweni avumela ukufunyanwa okanye ukunikezelwa komhlaba.
Onke amaxwebhu aya kusayinwa egameni likaRhulumente nguye nawuphi na umntu ogunyaziselwe oko yiNkulumbuso, egunyaziselwa ukusayinela umhlaba jikelele okanye umhlaba ochaphazelekayo kuphela okanye umhlaba wePhondo.
INkulumbuso isenokunikezela, ngokubhekiselele kumhlaba jikelele okanye kumhlaba ochaphazelekayo okanye kumhlaba wePhondo, kuye nawuphi na uMphathiswa ngalo naliphi na igunya okanye uxanduva olunikezelwe kuyo kwicandelo 2, 3 okanye 4.
Ukuba iNkulumbuso inikezela kumPhathiswa naliphi na igunya elinikezelwe kuyo, umPhathiswa lowo uya kuba namagunya kwanoxanduva olunikezelwe kuye ngokuphathelele ekusetyenzisweni kwegunya ekunikezelwe ngalo.
UMphathiswa usenokuthi ngokuphathelele kumhlaba jikelele okanye kumhlaba ochaphazelekayo okanye kumhlaba wePhondo, anikezele ngalo naliphi na igunya okanye uxanduva olunikezelwe kuye ngulo Mthetho okanye ngokwemigaqo yalo mThetho kulo naliphi na igosa elikwinkonzo yobuRhulumente.
Kusekwa ingxowa-mali eya kwaziwa njengeNgxowa-mali yomHlaba yePhondo leMpuma-Koloni.
Yonke imali efanele kuhlawulwa kuRhulumente xa kuthe kwanikezelwa ngawo nawuphi na umhlaba wePhondo ngaphandle komhlaba oqeshiswayo, iya kufakwa kwiNgxowa-mali kwaye yonke inkcitho eyenziweyo nguRhulumente ekufunyanweni komhlaba ngaphandle komhlaba oqeshiswayo, iya kuhlawulwa kwimali ephuma eNgxoweni.
yonke imali ethi isetyenziswe yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kumathuba ngamathuba ekufunyanweni komhlaba wePhondo nguRhulumente nayo nayiphi na imali esetyenziselwa ukuthenga umhlaba wePhondo kuye nakuwuphi na umnini-mhlaba.
Ngaphandle kokuphikisana nayo nayiphi na into equlathwe kuMthetho weMalikaRhulumente wePhondo we-1994 (uMthetho onguNo. 1 we-1994)(Mpuma-Koloni), yonke imali yeNgxowa ingasetyenziswa kuphela kwiinjongo ezichatshazelwe kulo Mthetho.
indlela ekunokugcinwa nekunokulondolozwa ngayo iiakhawunti zeNgxowa-mali nawuphi na umbandela eliwubona ufanelekile okanye ungxamisekile ukuba umiselwe ngokuphathelele kulawulo lweNgxowa-mali.
INtloko yeSebe leZindlu nooRhulumente beeNgingqi iya kuba, ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho, noxanduva lolawulo lweNgxowa-mali, kwaye, ngokweenjongo zemimiselo emiselwe phantsi koMthetho wezeMali kaRhulumente wePhondo we-1994 (uMthetho onguNo.1 we-1994) (Mpuma-Koloni), iya kuba ligosa elilawulayo ngokuphathelele kwimali eseNgxoweni kwaye iya kugcina ezo akhawunti zithe zamiselwa.
Iincwadi neengxelo zeakhawunti ndawonye nephepha elibonisa umyinge weNgxowa-mali, konke oku kuya kuphicothwa minyaka le nguMphicothi-jikelele.
UMphicothi-jikelele usenokufuna ukuba nawuphi na umntu akhuphe zonke iincwadi, iirejista namaxwebhu akuye okanye aphantsi kolawulo lwakhe acinga ukuba zingaluncedo ekuphicothweni ekubhekiselelwa kuko kulo kumhlathi khona ukuze zibe nokuhlolwa.
Imali engaphezulu eNgxoweni engekabi nakusetyenziswa ekuthengweni komhlaba wePhondo iya kugcinwa ngendlela eya kumiselwa nguMphathiswa wezeMali.
UMphathiswa uya kuthi alungise ingxelo yonyaka aya kuyandlala kwisiGqeba sePhondo leMpuma-Koloni nakwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho ecacisa ngemeko yeNgxowa-mali nangenkcitho ecetywayo kwiNgxowa-mali.
INkulumbuso ingathi, ngokubonisana neGqiza elijongene neMali yePhondo, yenze imimiselo ebona ifanelekile okanye ingxamisekile ukufezekisa iinjongo zalo Mthetho.
INkulumbuso ingathi, ngokubonisana neGqiza elijongene neMali yePhondo, ikhuphe izikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo ezibona zifanelekile ekukhokeleni imisebenzi yamagosa karhulumente ukufezekisa iinjongo zalo Mthetho.
Ukuba imigaqo yalo Mthetho ayingqinelani nemigaqo yeminye iMithetho ephathelele ekufunyanweni komhlaba nasekunikezelweni komhlaba wePhondo, yimigaqo yalo Mthetho eya kuthi isetyenziswe.
Nayiphi na into eyenzekayo ngokuphathelele kumhlaba wePhondo ethe yenzeka emva komhla wama-27 kuTshaziimpuzi 1994 naphambi kokusebenza kwalo Mthetho, nebinokuthathwa njengesemthethweni kodwa ngesizathu sokuphela kwelungelo lomntu othile okanye ukungabikho kwegunya elinikezelwe kumntu ongomnye okanye kwiNkulumbuso, kuMphathiswa okanye kulo naliphi na igosa elikwinkonzo kaRhulumente, loo nto iya kuthathwa njengento eyenzeke ngokusemthethweni.
Lo Mthetho uya kwaziwa ngokuba nguMthetho wokuNikezelwa komHlaba weMpuma-Koloni, we-1999.
Eyona njongo iphambili yoMthetho oyilwayo kukumisela ubuchule obufanelekileyo bowiso-mthetho nobolawulo ekulawulweni komhlaba kaRhulumente wePhondo leMpuma-Koloni. Uxanduva olupheleleyo lokufunyanwa nokunikezelwa komhlaba luya kuba semagxeni eNkulumbuso kwaye siya kwenziwa isibonelelo sokuba iNkulumbuso ibe nokunikezela ngegunya lolu xanduva kuMphathiswa nakumagosa akwinkonzo kaRhulumente wePhondo.
UMthetho oyilwayo ubonelela ngokubhaliswa kwelungelo kuxwebhu lwamalungelo omhlaba wephondo xa sukuba unikezelwa kumntu othile. URhulumente wePhondo uya kuba nalo ilungelo lokuba awufumane kwakhona lo mhlaba xa umthengi wokuqala enomnqweno wokuwuthengisa kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi ukususela kumhla watanci wokuthengwa kwawo.
Zininzi iindlela eziqulunqiweyo kulo Mthetho uyilwayo ukuphakamisa umgangatho woxanduva lobutyala kulawulo lomhlaba. Ngale ndlela, kwenziwa isibonelelo sokuphalazwa kweengxelo zonyaka kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yePhondo leMpuma-Koloni ngokuphathelele kunikezelo lomhlaba nangokubhekiselele kwimeko yeNgxowa-mali yomHlaba.
UMthetho oyilwayo useka iNgxowa-mali yomHlaba eya kuba yingxowa-mali eyenzelwe ukuba isetyenziselwe ukuthenga umhlaba ngeenjongo zophuhliso, kuqukwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu, imiba yempilo, eyemfundo, eyentlalontle, eyemidlalo nolonwabo njalonjalo konke oko kusenziwa nguRhulumente wePhondo.
UMHLATHI 2. - uvumela iNkulumbuso ukuba ibe nokufumana okanye ibe nokunikezela ngomhlaba ophantsi kukaRhulumente wePhondo. UMphathiswa kufuneka enoxwebhu olubonisa wonke umhlaba kaRhulumente. Kwakhona uMphathiswa kufuneka enze ingxelo kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yePhondo leMpuma-Koloni ngokuthe kwenzeka ngokuphathelele kumhlaba wephondo.
UMHLATHI 3. - ubonelela ngokubhaliswa kwamalungelo okufunyanwa ngokutsha komhlaba ebekunikezelwe ngawo nguRhulumente wePhondo. La malungelo anesolotya elibophelela umnini-mhlaba lokuba kufuneka kuqala awunikezele umhlaba kuRhulumente wePhondo. Kukwakho nezibonelelo ezenziweyo eziphathelele ekuhlonyelweni okanye ekurhoxisweni kwala malungelo.
UMHLATHI 4. - Eli candelo lenza isibonelelo sokuba iNkulumbuso okanye ummeli wayo abe nokuqoshelisa amaxwebhu ezivumelwano ayimfanelo ndawonye namanye amaxwebhu ekufuneka ebhaliswe kwiOfisi yoBhaliso lwamaLungelo omHlaba.
UMHLATHI 5. - Eli candelo libonelela ngokunikezelwa komsebenzi yiNkulumbuso kuMphathiswa nokothulwa komsebenzi emagxeni oMphathiswa unikezelwe kumagosa akwinkonzo kaRhulumente wePhondo.
UMHLATHI 6. - Eli candelo libonelela ngokusekwa kweNgxowa-mali yomHlaba weMpuma-Koloni nangeendlela zolawulo lwezemali ngokuphathelele ekusebenzeni kwale Ngxowa-mali. Igosa elilawulayo liyonyulwa kwaye kwenziwa isibonelelo sokufakwa kweengxelo kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yePhondo nokuphicothwa kweNgxowa-mali nguMphicothi-zincwadi- Jikelele.
UMHLATHI 7. - Uvumela iNkulumbuso ukuba ibe nokwenza imimiselo ize inike nemiyalelo ngokuphathelele kwimiba yolawulo lomhlaba.
UMHLATHI 8. - Ubonelela ngokusetyenziswa koMthetho.
UMHLATHI 10. - Isihloko esifutshane.
<fn>GOV-ZA. About.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-Cape Gateway yinkonzo karhulumente ejoliswe ubukhulu becala kubemi baseNtshona Koloni, inikezela ngolwazi ngoorhulumente bamakhaya, abamaphondo nokazwe-lonke. Ilinyathelo likaRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni, ngentsebenziswano noorhulumente bamakhaya kunye nokazwe-lonke, inikezela ngendlela elula yokufikelela kulwazi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente.
Ukuza kuthi gxa ngoku, ukuze bakwazi ukufumana ulwazi neenkonzo, abemi bekusoloko kufuneka bazi ukuba leliphi na icandelo elinikezela ngolo lwazi okanye loo nkonzo. NgeCape Gateway, ulwazi lunikezelwa ngendlela efunwa ngulooo mntu ulufunayo.
Ezi ndlela zintathu zoqhagamshelwano zijoliswe ekwenzeni le nkonzo ye-Cape Gateway ifumaneke kubona bantu baninzi. Oku kwenziwa lula kakhulu ngokunikezelwa kolu lwazi ngesiNgesi, isiBhulu nesiXhosa (iilwimi ezithethwa ngokusesikweni eNtshona Koloni).
Enye yeenjongo zoMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika kukuseka ulawulo lwesininzi oluvulelekileyo, oludume ngokulawula ngendlela ebonakalayo yokulawula kwanendlela yokulawula ekhokelwa ngabantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Amalungelo okufumana ulwazi afakwe njengamalungelo oluntu angundoqo.
UMgaqo-siseko lo ubeka isinyanzeliso kumasebe namacandelo ombuso ukuba asasaze ulwazi olugcinwe ngumbuso kangangoko anakho: "Ulawulo lukarhulumente ngendlela evulelekileyo kufuneka lunyanzeliswe ngokunika uluntu ulwazi olusexesheni, olufikelelekayo noluchanekileyo."
I-Batho Pele (umgaqo-nkqubo obeka abantu kuqala kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente) linyathelo likarhulumente woMzantsi Afrika lokuphucula indlela yokunikezela ngeenkonzo zoluntu. Ukuphucula ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo yenye yezinto ezisibhozo ezibalulekileyo aceba ukuzifezekisa urhulumente njengoko zithiwe thaca kwiPhepha leNgcaciso yoMgaqo-nkqubo Wokuphucula iiNkonzo Zoluntu (pdf, html).
IPhepha leNgcaciso yoMgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni Elingokulungiselela iNtshona Koloni uQoqosho loLwazi kwiNkulungwane yamashumi amabini nalo likwathi thaca isidingo sokufunyanwa lula kolwazi neenkonzo zikarhulumente ngabemi namashishini, kwanesidingo sokuphakamisa izakhono zophuhliso loqoqosho loluntu lweli xesha lolwazi kwisizwe esikhulayo.
I-Cape Gateway ke yimpendulo eluqilima kule mithetho nale migaqo-nkqubo.
I-Cape Gateway iza kuqhubekeka ihlaziya, iguqulela futhi iqokelela olunye ulwazi lukarhulumente olulungele iNtshona Koloni, ze ilwenze lufumaneke ngendlela ekulula ngayo ukulufumana. Iintlobo ezisezayo zolu lwazi ziya kuquka iinkonzo ezifumaneka ngekhompyutha kwanoqhagamshelwano norhulumente.
libhala ze liqokelele ingxam yale nkonzo yenzela iqela lale ngxam izixhobo ukuze likwazi ukusebenza iyila ze yakhe le website.
lokusebenza kweziko onokulityelela lokujongana neziko loqhagamshelwano lokusebenza kwamihla le kwale website.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Aboutus.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo ye-website yaseMzantsi Afrika kukuvelisa umthombo omnye wenkcazelo malunga neenkonzo ezinikwa ngurhulumente waseMzantsi Afrika. Le website ijolise ekubeni inciphise umsantsa wokwahluka okukhoyo phakathi kwabantu abanikwe amandla kunye nabo bangenamandla, phakathi koqoqosho lokuqala kunye nolwesibini. Le website ilungenelelo olubaluleke kakhulu olujonge ekuqinisekiseni ukuba abemi banako ukunxulumana norhulumente.
I-website ijolise kubasebenzisi abangabemi baseMzantsi Afrika kuzo zonke iindawo zelizwe, amashishini okanye iimibutho yaseMzantsi Afrika, ekhoyo okanye enokubakhona, kunye nabemi nemibutho ekwamanye amazwe, edinga iinkonzo kurhulumente waseMzantsi Afrika.
I-website iqulathe inkcazelo ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente ezinikwa kwinqanaba lorhulumente welizwe.
Iinkonzo zabantu bamazwe angaphandle: inkcazelo engqaliselwe abemi abaphuma kwamanye amazwe abadinga iinkonzo ezibandakanyekayo kurhulumente waseMzantsi Afrika.
Icandelo ngalinye kula liphinde lakhiwa ngohlobo oluhambisana nendlela yokulandelelana kweziganeko zobomi . Iziganeko zobomi ziphinda zahlulahlulwe ngokwezigaba zobomi.
Inkcazelo kwinkonzo nganye ilungiselelwe ngokwemiba esisiseko esixhenxe, eyile: inkcazelo, inkqubo emayilandelwe, imithetho esetyenziswayo, ixesha elithatyathwayo kunye nomgangatho ofikelelwayo, iindleko, iifom ezigcwaliswayo, kunye neenkcukacha zonxulumano.
Imephu yesiza ilumelo lwembonakalo yamehlo yolwakhiwo nocwangciso lwe-website. Inikezelwa ngokokulandelelana kobume nogunyaziso, nto leyo ecubungula inkcazelo yesiza ibeyimiba yezihloko ezingqaliseka ngokwandayo. Ngoko ke iyakunceda ukwazi ukuzifundisa malunga nendlela ekucwangciswe ngayo imiba equlathwe kwi-website.
I-website imana ifakwa inkcazelo entsha. Umgaqo wethu kukunika inkcazelo njengoko imana ifumaneka kwaye naxa ifumaneka. Nangona kunjalo, abavelisi be-website yeeNkonzo zikaRhulumente abanakunika isiqinisekiso ngobutsha benkcazelo epapashwa kwezinye ii-website esinxulumana nazo. Jonga icandelo elithi, iiMeko neMiqathango, kumhlathi 4.3.
Ngamanye amaxesha kuthabatha ixesha elide ukuvula imiqulu ye-PDF. Kule meko ke, sicebisa ukuba uyothulele kwikhompiyutha yakho, uze ke uyivulele kuyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Accesstoinformation.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yoMthetho wokuPhakamisa iLungelo neThuba lokuFikelela kwiNkcazelo kukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu banako ukusebenzisa ilungelo labo lomgaqo-siseko lokubanethuba lokufikelela kuyo nayiphina inkcazelo esezandleni zombuso, ndawonye nokufumana inkcazelo esezandleni zomnye umntu, efunekayo ukuze kusetyenziswe okanye kukhuselwe naliphina ilungelo.
Imeko ekhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwelungelo lokufikelela kwinkcazelo kukuphembelela imo nesiqhelo sokwenza izinto elubala kunye nokusabela iimfuno zabantu kumaziko oluntu nawabucala, kunye nokuphakamisa intlalo apho abantu baseMzantsi Afrika banako ukufikelela ngokusebenzisekayo kwinkcazelo, ukwenzela ukuba bakwazi ukusebenzisa nokukhusela ngokupheleleyo wonke amalungelo wabo.
Yeyiphi inkcazelo esezandleni zeSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko okanye ekulo naliphina iziko loluntu, ekungafikelelwa kuyo?
Ungafikelela kuyo yonke imiqulu kunye neengxelo okanye kwiingxelo ezisezandleni zeSebe, amagosa alo okanye kulo naliphina iziko loluntu. Akukhathaliseki nokuba loo nkcazelo yaqala ninina ukubakhona. Le nkcazelo ibandakanya le ilandelayo.
Iingxelo zobuqu ezisezandleni zeSebe okanye zeziko loluntu.
Inkcazelo okanye iingxelo zombandakanyeki wesithathu: kuphela ngemvume esuka kumntu wesithathu obandakanyekayo, ngakumbi ukubangaba imiqulu inenkcazelo eyimfihlo okanye yabucala.
Inkcazelo ekungathintelwanga fikelelo kuyo nguMthetho wokuPhakamisa iLungelo neThuba lokuFikelela kwiNkcazelo.
xa ingxelo icelelwa ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zobugebenga okanye zentlalo yabemi okanye xa sele iqalile inkqubo yobugebenga okanye yentlalo yabemi, kuloo meko ke inkcazelo ayinakusetyenziswa kwinkundla yomthetho, ngakumbi ukubangaba inkundla icinga ukuba iyakwenza umonakalo kwinkqubo yobulungisa.
Iingxelo zekhabhinethi kunye neekomiti zayo.
Iingxelo ezayamene nomsebenzi wobulungisa wenkundla.
Inkcazelo efunyenwe liqumrhu elasekwa ngokomthetho ukuze lisombulule iimbambano ezithile.
Inkcazelo esezandleni zegosa lezobulungisa laloo nkundla okanye lelo qumrhu elasekwa ngokomthetho ukuze lisombulule iimbambano ezithile kunye.
Nenkcazelo esezandleni zelungu elithile lepalamente okanye lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo.
Nangona kunjalo, UMthetho wokuPhakamisa iLungelo neThuba lokuFikelela kwiNkcazelo ungaphezulu kwawo nawuphina omnye umthetho okanye imithetho iyonke engakunqanda okanye ikuthintele ekubeni ufikelele kuyo nayiphina inkcazelo.
Cela uSekela weGosa leNkcazelo wesebe elibandakanyekayo likarhulumente akuncede ufikelele kwinkcazelo okanye kwimiqulu oyidingayo.
USekela weGosa leNkcazelo kufanele aphendule kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 30 esifumene isicelo sakho.
Ukubangaba iGosa leNkcazelo liyala ukukunika imvume yokufikelela kwinkcazelo oyicelileyo, ungafaka isibheno kuMphathiswa wezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko.
IGosa leNkcazelo okanye uSekela weGosa leNkcazelo uyakukunceda kule nkqubo.
Ukubangaba le nkcazelo uyifunayo ayikho ezandleni zesebe loRhulumente, kodwa ikwiziko lombuso, uSekela weGosa leNkcazelo uyakutshintshela isicelo sakho kwiGosa leNkcazelo lelo ziko loluntu libandakanyekayo kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 14.
Iziko loluntu elibandakanyekayo kufuneka liphendule isicelo sakho kwisithuba sexesha eliqiqileyo. Uyakwaziswa ukubangaba oku kuthe kwanjalo.
Nxulumana neCandelo leLungelo neThuba lokuFikelela kwiNkcazelo leSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko kwinombolo ethi 012 315 1715 ukuze uqonde ukuba iintlawulo azitshintshanga na.
Iintlawulo zeengxelo zeziko loluntu, njengoko zixelwe kwiMigqaliselo ekhoyo kuMthetho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Activitiesrelatingtogeneticallymodifiedorganisms.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Misela ukuba loluphi ugunyaziso olufunayo yaye uzalise ifomu efanelekileyo.
ukhululo olubanzi lwezicelo kufuneka lwandulelwe ngokuphumeza iinkqubo kwimekobume yendalo yaseMzantsi Afrika kwithuba lamaxesha amathathu okulima izicelo zokuqhubeka ngenkqu ziya kwamkelwa kuphela xa inkqubo ibigunyazisiwe kwixesha elidlulileyo.
Thumela isicelo kunye nenani elimiselweyo lweekopi kuMbhalisi wee-GMO.
Thumela ikopi eyongezelelweyo yesicelo, engaqulathanga ulwazi oluyimfihlo lwezoshishino, kuMbhalisi wee-GMO.
Hlawula intlawuliso emiselweyo.
Thumela ingxelo yeenkqubo eziqhutywe kwixesha elidlulileyo.
Thumela ubungqina bezaziso zikawonkewonke.
IKomiti eCebisayo ihlola i-data yenzululwazi ethunyelwe nesicelo yaye yenza iinkuthazo malunga nokhuseleko lwenkqubo ecetywayo kwiBhunga lokuPhumeza.
UMbhalisi ufumana iminikelo yesizwe ngethuba elivunyelweyo.
IBhunga lokuPhumeza lenza isigqibo malunga nesicelo, liqwalasela isicelo, iinkuthazo zeKomiti eCebisayo, iminikelo kawonkewonke neziphumo ezinokuba khona kumacandelo afana nelezolimo, elezempilo, elezemekobume, elezabasebenzi, elezorhwebo nelezenzululwazi nophuhliso lweteknoloji.
Ukuba isigqibo seBhunga lokuPhumeza kusesivumayo, uMbhalisi ugunyazisa ukukhutshwa kwemvume.
UMbhalisi ukhupha imvume efanelekileyo.
Zonke iimvume zikhatshwa yimiqathango yeziqulathi.
Abahloli abavela kwiSebe lezoLimo baqaphela ngononophelo ukuphunyezwa kwemiqathango yemvume.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Actxho.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Olungiselelwe ukukhutshwa kweelayisenisi zokuthengisa utywala, ukwenziwa kotywala nokwenziwa kotywala besiNtu apha eNtshona Koloni; ukusekwa kweBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona Koloni kunye neekomiti zayo, ukuseka izigqeba zezotywala; ukulungiselela ukuqeshwa kwamagosa kunye nabahloli bokujongana kuphela nemicimbi yotywala; ukulungiselela ukubekwa koomasipala njengabagunyaziswa beBhodi yoTywala nanjengeziphathamandla ezinikwe amagunya.
Kulo Mthetho, ngaphandle ke kwalapho indlela elisetyenziswe ngayo nendawo elisetyenziswe kuyo igama ilinika enye intsingiselo, xa kusithiwa-- ''iSigqeba seZibheno'' kubhekiselwe kwisigqeba seZibheno esimiselwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 13 ; ''iBhodi'' kubhekiselwe kwiBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona Koloni emiselwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 2; ''uSihlalo'' kubhekiselwe kusihlalo weBhodi obekwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 3 (a) okanye kulowo mntu ubambele njengoSihlalo xa sukuba engekho lowo unguSihlalo; ''iGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko'' kubhekiselwe kuloo mntu umiselwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 16 ; ''iforam yasekuhlaleni yezobupolisa'' kubhekiselwe kwiforam yasekuhlaleni esekwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 19 loMthetho oyiSouth African Police Services Act, 1995 (uMthetho 68 ka-1995); ''isiphathamandla esinegunya'' kubhekiselwe kwiBhodi, okanye umasipala, othe wanikwa amagunya phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 18; ''uMgaqo-siseko'' kubhekiselwe kuMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996; ''umhla wokukhutshwa'' kubhekiselwe kulowo mhla ithe yakhutshwa ngawo ilayisenisi okanye ipemethi; ''uSekela-Sihlalo'' kubhekiselwe kulowo mntu uthe wabekwa phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 3 (b); ''igosa elijongene nezotywala elikhethiweyo'' kubhekiselwe kulowo mntu uthe wabekelwa zona phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 60 ; ''iziyobisi'' kubhekiselwe kuyo nayiphi na into ekhobokisayo, nayiphi na into enobungozi bokukhobokisa okanye kuyo nayiphi na into engamkelekanga ekhobokisayo njengoko kuchazwa kuMthetho oyiDrug and Drug Trafficking Act, 1992 (uMthetho 140 ka-1992); ''ilungu lefemeli'' kubhekiselwe kumlingane womntu, okanye kumntwana wakhe, okanye kumzali wakhe, kumntakwabo okanye udade wabo, nokuba oko kuzalana kuvele ngenxa yokuzalwa okanye ngenxa yomtshato okanye lolobuzali obumiselwe ngomthetho (adoption). ''uchaphazeleko ngokwasezimalini'' kubhekiselwe ekubeni ngumnini wezabelo eNkampanini, uchaphazeleko kwiNkampanana encinane eyiClose Corporation, uchaphazeleko kubuhlakani nochaphazeleko kwishishini okanye kwilinge lorhwebo olwenza ukuba lowo uchaphazelekayo akwazi ukuba axhamle kwiinzuzo zelo shishini okanye zelo linge, iinzuzo ezo ezibandakanya nengenelo yelo shishini okanye yelo linge; ''umhloli'' kubhekiselwe kulowo mntu uthe wabekwa ukuba abe ngumhloli phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 60 ; ''ukukhutshwa'', ngokuphathelele kwilayisenisi, kubandakanya ukuhanjiswa okanye ukunikezelwa kwelayisenisi kulowo mntu ithe yanikwa yena okanye kulowo mntu ungumgunyaziswa wakhe; ''ilayisenisi'' kubhekiselwe kwilayisenisi leya ikhankanywe kwicandelo 21; ''umntu onikwe ilayisenisi'' kubhekiselwe kulowo mntu uye wakhutshelwa ilayisenisi phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 33 okanye lowo ithe yadluliselwa kuye phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 54; ''ishishini elinelayisenisi'' kubhekiselwe kwishishini elinokuthi liqhutywe kuloo ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi njengoko kugunyazisiwe yiBhodi; ''indawo ekhutshelwe ilayisenisi'' kubhekiselwe kwindawo apho kunokwenziwa utywala, buthengiswe, buselwe okanye bugcinwe phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho; ''utywala'' kubhekiselwe kuyo nayiphi na into elulwelo okanye nenye into nje equlathe ngaphezu kwe-1% ye-alkhoholi (yegrangqa) ngokomthamo okanye ngobunzima, into leyo ebandakanya utywala besiNtu, iwayini yaseta.
ngathi yaye yasekwa phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho.
IBhodi le sisigqeba esizimeleyo esinokuthatha nesinokuthathelwa amanyathelo omthetho, esihamba kuphela ngokoMgaqo-siseko nemiqathango yomthetho.
olulodwa okanye anoqeqesho lobungcali olulodwa anyulwe nguMphathiswa emva kokuba edlene iindlebe noSihlalo, ukuze asebenze njengamalungu ekomiti.
a kwesi sithuba sale minyaka ilishumi 10 idlulileyo waye wabanjwa wagwetyelwa ukuya kuvalelwa entolongweni ngaphandle kokunikwa ifayini ngenxa yesenzo solwaphulo-mthetho esithile, ngaphandle kokuba kwesi sithuba sale minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo waye wabanjwa wagwetywa ngenxa yesenzo solwaphulo-mthetho phantsi kwemiqathango yoMthetho oyiLiquor Act, 1989 (uMthetho 27 ka1989), ngaphandle kokuba uMphathiswa unoluvo lokuba lokuba eso senzo solwaphulo-mthetho asithethi ukuba umntu lowo akanakulunga ekubeni anikwe isikhundla esithile; okanye utshone ematyaleni akavela nangonwele; okanye ungaphantsi kwamashumi amabini ananye ngobudala; okanye unochaphazeleko analo kushishino lotywala olunokubangela ungquzulwano lweenjongo; okanye ulilungu lefemeli yomntu onochaphazeleko oluthe ngqo kushishino lotywala, ngaphandle kokuba uMphathiswa unoluvo lokuba uchaphazeleko lowakwakhe okanye lomlingane wakhe ongundofanaye kushishino lotywala aluthethi ukuba umntu lowo akanakulunga ekubeni anikwe isikhundla esithile.
Ngaphandle kwaloo mntu unyulwe njengeGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko, amalungu anyulelwa ixesha elingadlulanga kwiminyaka emihlanu , kwaye ke anakho ukuba angaphinda anyulwe esinye isithuba esingadlulanga kwesinye , ekupheleni kwexesha lobulungu bawo.
Isithuba esithe savuleka kule Bhodi sinokuvalwa ngokuthi uMphathiswa anyule elinye ilungu.
alabikho ezintlanganisweni zeBhodi le zada zantathu ubuncinane zilandelelana ngaphandle kwesizathu esivakalayo elithe lasixela; okanye laphelelwa kukufaneleka phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 24; okanye langenisa isicelo kuMphathiswa sokuba liyeke ebulungwini; okanye layeka ukuba ngumhlali weli Phondo.
nawo nawuphi na omnye umcimbi anokuthi uMphathiswa ayinike igunya lokuba iwenze iBhodi le.
Ngaphandle kwakwimihlathana (a), (b), (e), (f) kunye nowe-(h) ngentla apha, uSihlalo unalo igunya lokuba ale ukubiza intlanganiso yeBhodi le, xa ngaba ngokoluvo lwakhe loo ntlanganiso akukho mfuneko yayo ngokwezi nkcukacha zibekwe phambi kwakhe.
isichithe isikhalazo eso; okanye ii iyirhoxise ilayisenisi leyo; okanye iii iyimise okwexeshana ilayisenisi leyo njengenyathelo lokohlwaya okanye lokululeka; okanye iwisele loo layisenisi nayo nayiphi na loo miqathango inokuthi iyibone ifanelekile; okanye imyalele lowo mntu unaloo layisenisi ukuba ahlawule leyo fayini inokuthi iyibone ifanelekile; okanye vi ithathe nalo naliphi na inyathelo enokuthi ilibona lifanelekile.
e, izichithe ezo zimvo okanye ikurhoxise ukumiswa okwexeshana okanye loo miqathango ibiye yawiswa; okanye f, isamkele okanye isikhabe eso sibheno.
IBhodi isenokuthi nangaliphi na ixesha lokufaka kwesicelo ngumntu onelayisenisi orhoxisiweyo, ukuxuthwa okanye ilungise nawuphi na umqathango omiselwe yiBhodi.
Amalungu eBhodi anokuthi, kuwo nawuphi na umcimbi, acele naye nawuphi na umntu ambona enokukwazi ukuyincedisa iBhodi le ekuqwalaselweni kwalowo mcimbi uphethweyo. Lowo mntu ke uye wacelwa ngolo hlobo lokuba aze kuncedisa iBhodi le akasayi kuba nalo yena ilungelo lokuvota.
USihlalo kufuneka ukuba abeke amaxesha neendawo ekuya kuqhutyelwa iintlanganiso, kwaye ke usenokuzimisa okwexeshana iintlanganiso aphinde azibize ngaloo maxesha nakwezo ndawo anokugqiba ukuzibiza ngawo/ukuzibizela.
Inani elinokuqhuba intlanganiso (ikhoram) yeBhodi le ngamalungu amathathu , abandakanya uSihlalo okanye uSekela-sihlalo okanye bobabini.
USekela-sihlalo/ooSekela-sihlalo kufuneka ukuba a/bachophele iintlanganiso xa uSihlalo engekho okanye engakwazi ukuba sesihlalweni.
Ukuba ngaba uSihlolo kunye noSekela-sihlalo/nooSekela-sihlalo abakho entlanganisweni, uMphathiswa kufuneka ukuba anyule elinye ilungu eliya kubamba njengoSihlalo.
Isigqibo sesininzi samalungu akhoyo entlanganisweni anelungelo lokuvota, siso esiya kuba sisigqibo seBhodi, kwaye ke xa kunokwenzeka ukuba amanani eevoti alingane kuwo nawuphi na umcimbi, uSihlalo uya kuba nelungelo levoti yoqhawulo-lingano.
lona okanye umntu wefemeli yalo, okanye ihlakani lalo, okanye idlelane lalo kwezoshishino, lingumlawuli, okanye lililungu okanye lilihlakani lalo mntu ufaka isicelo selayisenisi, okanye soqinisekiso okanye salo naliphi ilungelo elinokunikwa yile Bhodi okanye liyachaphazeleka ngokwasezimalini kwishishini lakhe; okanye linochaphazeleko olulwenza lingakwazi ukuwenza umsebenzi walo njengelungu lale Bhodi ngendlela enobulali, nengenamkhethe nefanelekileyo.
elo lungu kufuneka ukuba likhawuleze liluchaze ngokupheleleyo uhlobo lolo chaphazeleko, lize ke liphume kwintlanganiso okanye kwindibano leyo, ukwenzela ukuba la aseleyo amalungu akwazi akwazi ukuwuxoxa umcimbi lowo, abone nokuba ngaba ilungu elo likufanele na ukuba lizikhwebule ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwiingxoxo zalo ntlanganiso okanye zaloo ndibano ngenxa yokuba iinjongo zalo zinokungquzulana; kwaye ke oko kudiza kunye neso sigqibo sithe sathathwa ngala malungu aseleyo malunga nalo mba kufuneka zifakwe kwimizuzu yezo ngxoxo.
imali eyabelwe ngurhulumente wephondo eli; kunye kunye neemali ezifumanayo iBhodi izifumana naphi na apho avumayo uMphathiswa ukuba ingazifuna okanye ingazamkela, emva kokuba ethe wadlana iindlebe noMphathiswa osingathe ezemali kwiPhondo eli, zibandakanya nezo mali zeentlawulo ezifunyanwa phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko kufuneka ukuba liqinisekise ukuba iincwadi zemali zigcinwa ngokupheleleyo nangokufanelekileyo, lize liqinisekise nokuba ayagcinwa onke amarekhodi ayimfuneko aphathelele kuzo.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko kufuneka ukuba liqinisekise ukuba uhlahlo-mali lonyaka lwweBhodi le, izicwangciso zayo, iingxelo zayo zonyaka kunye neenkcazo zemali ezenziwe uhlolo-zincwadi ziyalungiswa zize zingeniswe ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho oyiPublic Finance Management Act, 1999 (uMthetho Nomb. 1 ka-1999).
isicwangciso soshishino seBhodi, esiqulathe iinjongo ezingqinisisekayo; kunye nenkcazo yemali eqikelela ukuba iza kuyingenisa iBhodi neyaleyo iqikelela ukuba iza kuba yinkcitho yayo kunyaka-mali olandelayo.
Kuwo nawuphi na unyaka-mali iBhodi le ingangenisela uMphathiswa inkcazo eyongezelelweyo yemali eqikelela ukuba iza kuyingenisa iBhodi neyaleyo iqikelela ukuba iza kuba yinkcitho yayo kuloo nyaka-mali, ukuba uMphathiswa ayamkele.
IBhodi le ayinakho ukuba ingene kwiimbophelelo zemali ezingaphaya kolo hlahlo-mali lwayo lwamkelweyo nakwezo mali ziyim.hlo yayo.
UMhlolizincwadi-Jikelele kufuneka ukuba azihlole iinkcazo zemali zeBhodi le.
IBhodi le kufuneka ukuba ingenisele uMphathiswa ingxelo ngezinto ezenzileyo kunyaka-mali odlulileyo ukwenzela ukuba uMphathiswa aye kuyandlala kwiPalamente yephondo zingadlulanga iinyanga ezintathu emva kokuba uphelile loo nyaka-mali.
ichaze iinjongo ezingqinisisekayo ngokoluya hlobo zichazwe ngalo phaya kwisicwangciso seshishini sayo esikhankanywe kwicandelo 10 (a) ngalo nyaka-mali wenzelwa ingxelo; kananjalo ibandakanye nengcaciso yendlela ohambe ngayo umsebenzi ngokuphathelele kwindlela yokusetyenziswa kwezinto enoqoqosho nocikizeko nempumelelo, ngakumbi uthelekiso phakathi kweziphumo ebekujoliswe kuzo phaya kwisicwangciso seshishini esiya nezo zithe zafezekiseka.
USihlalo kufuneka ukuba, kambe ke eyithathela ingqalelo imiqathango ebekwa ngulo Mthetho nemigaqo yawo, abeke inkqubo efanele kulandelwa ezintlanganisweni.
USihlalo kufuneka ukuba amazise nawuphi na umntu ochaphazelekayo okanye onomdla kuqwalaselo lwawo nawuphi na umcimbi othile ukuba makeze entlanganisweni, akwenze oko esebenzisa indlela etyetyeshiweyo.
Umntu othe waziswa kufuneka eze ngokwakhe kuloo ndawo nangelo xesha lichaziweyo kwisaziso eso okanye ke amelwe kuyo ligqwetha okanye ligqwetha lejaji elingummeli wakhe.
USihlalo usenokuyalela nawuphi na umntu okhoyo entlanganisweni yeBhodi le ukuba anike ubungqina okanye angenise iimpepha ezithile okanye nayo nayiphi na enye into anayo kuye okanye eselugcinweni lwakhe okanye ephantsi kolawulo lwakhe.
Ukuba ngaba uSihlalo wanelisekile ukuba umntu ebeye wasinikwa ngokufanelekileyo isazi sokuba eze entlanganisweni yeBhodi le, kodwa akeza, unakho ke uSihlalo ukuba ayalele ukuba mayiqhutywe intlanganiso ngoku angekhoyo loo mntu.
USihlalo angayalela nawuphi na umntu okhoyo entlanganisweni yeBhodi le ukuba anike ubungqina okanye angenise iimpepha ezithile okanye nayo nayiphi na enye into anayo kuye okanye eselugcinweni lwakhe okanye ephantsi kolawulo lwakhe aze ke abuzwe imibuzo yiBhodi le.
IBhodi le ingaphendla naziphi na iimpepha okanye into ethe yangeniswa kuyo, kunjalo nje ekwenzeni oko izigcine nalo naliphi na ixesha ebona lifanelekile.
Umntu onika ubungqina entlanganisweni yeBhodi le kufuneka akwenze oko ekufungele okanye enze uqinisekiso.
Xa iqwalasela umcimbi, iBhodi le isenokuthi ngokuzibonela ngokwayo, iyithathele ingqalelo nayiphi na ingcaciso okanye imeko ebona ukuba inganempembelelo kwisigqibo esithathwa yiBhodi le. Ukuba ngaba kukho umntu ocela ukuba intlanganiso mayimiselwe olunye usuku ukwenzela ukuba akwazi ukufumana ithuba lokulungisa ingxoxo yakhe kumba lowo, uSihlalo angayimisela olunye usuku intlanganiso leyo ngesi sizathu.
Zonke iintlanganiso zeBhodi le ziya.kelelwa ngumntu wonke, ngaphandle nje ke kokuba uSihlalo angayalela nawuphi na umntu obungafunekiyo ubukho bakhe entlanganisweni, ukuba aze angezi yena entlanganisweni okanye ukuba makaphume kuloo ntlanganiso.
Ayithathwa ngumntu wonke inxaxheba kwiingxoxo zeBhodi le nakuvoto lwayo.
USihlalo usenokuthi kula malungu ongezelelweyo akhankanywe phaya kwicandelo 3(g) ngentla apha, anyule ikomiti enye okanye nangaphezulu, aze ke azigunyazise ezo komiti ukuba zenze nayiphi na imisebenzi yale Bhodi abona kufanelekile, kuyimfuneko ukuba iyenze.
Ikomiti nganye kufuneka ukuba ingabi namalungu eBhodi angaphantsi kwesithathu , elinye lawo libe nguSihlalo okanye uSekela-Sihlalo.
Xa enyula ikomiti uSihlalo kufuneka ukuba aluthathele ingqalelo ulwazi, ubungcali namava afunekayo kulo mcimbi uza kuqwalaselwa.
Iikomiti zale Bhodi zilawulwa yimithetho yenkqubo efanayo naleyo ilawula iBhodi le.
Ikomiti inakho ukuba umcimbi iwudlulisele eBhodini le ukuba ithathe isigqibo ngawo.
Isigqibo esithe sathathwa yikomiti sithathwa ngokuba sisigqibo seBhodi le.
UMphathiswa kufuneka ukuba abeke iJaji yeNkundla ePhakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika edla umhlalaphantsi, iMantyi ephezulu yeNkundla yeSithili edla umhlalaphantsi okanye igwetha lejaji eliphezulu njengomchopheli weSigqeba seZibheno oya kuthi, kwisithuba asibekileyo uMphathiswa ngokubona kwakhe, achophele izibheno ezifakiweyo ngezigqibo zeBhodi le okanye izicelo zovandlakanyo lwezigqibo ezithathiweyo yiBhodi le phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho.
UMphathiswa kufuneka ukuba abeke inkqubo efanele kulandelwa siSigqeba seZibheno.
Isigqibo esikhutshwe siSigqeba seZibheno asinakujikwa, kwaye singenakwe-nzelwa esinye isibheno kwakhona.
Amalungu eBhodi le kunye nomchopheli weSigqeba seZibheno bangafumana lowo mvuzo athe waubeka uMphathiswa emva kokuba edlene iindlebe noMphathiswa osingathe ezemali.
UMphathiswa kufuneka ukuba abeke iGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko eliya kusingatha uxanduva lolawulo lweBhodi le nelweSigqeba seZibheno.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko linoxanduva lokuphendula kwiBhodi le.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko kufuneka ukuba lithi, lilithathele ingqalelo icandelwana , liqeshe abasebenzi beBhodi le abaza kwenza umsebenzi we-o.si, owobunobhala neminye ke imisetyenzana ephathelele ekuqhutyweni komsebenzi weBhodi noweSigqeba seZibheno.
kufuneka ukuba iqulunqe umgaqo-nkqubo olawula ezabasebenzi weBhodi le nabasebenzi bayo; kwaye kufuneka nokuba ibeke nemivuzo yabasebenzi kunye nemiqathango yengqesho yabo.
nokuba inkonzo enikwayo yinkonzo yobungcali, ithembekile, ayikhethi cala, inobulali, inentsulungeko kwaye inolingano.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko lisenokuthi, emva kokuba lidlene iindlebe noMphathiswa, liseke lilawule ingxowa-mali ejoliswe ekunciphiseni iziphumo ezibi entlalweni ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala, nokufundisa abantu abanenxaxheba ekuthengisweni nasekuhanjisweni kotywala, noluntu ngokubanzi, ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuthengiswa, ukuhanjiswa nokuselwa kotywala.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko linalo igunya lokuba lingene kuloo micimbi kufanelekile ukungena kuyo ekuqhutyweni komsebenzi weziko elisisigqeba sikarhulumente, abandakanya, phofu kungaphelelanga apho, negunya lokungena kubuhlakani nezinye izigqeba zikarhulumente nelokungena kwizivumelwano zeekhontrakthi nabo basebenza ngeekhontrakthi nabo bangabaniki beenkonzo.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko linakho ukuba lithenge ifenitshala nezinto zokusebenza eziza kusetyenziswa yiBhodi le kunye nabasebenzi base-o.sini bayo.
imise ngazo iimpahla zayo eziphathekayo; kwaye isenokungena kwizivumelwano ngokunikwa kweenkonzo eziphathelele kulawulo lwezabasebenzi nakulawulo lwezemali.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko kufuneka ukuba likhuthaze ukuthengiswa nokuhanjiswa kunye nokuselwa kotywala ngendlela efanelekileyo, lizithintele iziphumo ezibi entlalweni ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala, kwaye lingathatha nawaphi na amanyathelo eliwabona efanelekile.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko lisenokuthi liwudlulisele kwintlanganiso yeBhodi nawo nawuphi na umcimbi ofanele kuqwalaselwa phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 7.
ukugcina imizuzu yeentlanganiso zeBhodi le kunye neyezeSigqeba seZibheno; kunye nayo nayiphi na eminye imisebenzi anokuthi ayinikwe liGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko.
Imizuzu yeentlanganiso zeBhodi le kunye neyezeSigqeba seZibheno kufuneka ukuba ithathwe igcinwe ezi-o.sini zeBhodi le, aze ke nawuphi na umntu onqwenela ukuyifunda okanye ukuyikopa akwazi ukuyifumana, kodwa kuqondakale ukuba kuya kufuneka ukuba ahlawule loo ntlawulo ibekiweyo, nokuba iya kuthathelwa ingqalelo imiqathango ebekwa nguMthetho oyiPromotion of Access to Information Act, 2000 (uMthetho 2 ka-2000).
USihlalo usenokuthi, ehamba ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho oyiPromotion of Access to Information Act, 2000 nangenxa yesizathu esiphathekayo asinikileyo, ayalele ukuba inxenye yerekhodi okanye lilonke nje irekhodi leengxoxo zeBhodi abanakuzinikwa abantu, kuze ke apho aye wakwenza oko elo rekhodi okanye loo nxenye yelo rekhodi kungavumeleki ukuba ifundwe okanye ikotshwe nguye nawuphi na umntu ngaphandle kwemvume kaSihlalo.
Imirhumo, imidliwo/ nezohlwayo ekubhekiselelwa kuzo kumacandelo 7 (b)(v), 34, 35, 52, 53 nelama-54 kufuneka zihlawulwe kwiNgeniso yePhondo.
Imirhumo ekubhekiswa kuyo kumacandelo 27, 49 nelama-50 kufuneka ihlawulwe kwiBhodi yoTywala okanye kumasipala.
Le mali kuthethwe ngayo kweli candelo ayibuyi.
ukudlulisela eBhodini le, ngokwaloo ndlela ibekiweyo, izicelo ezingenisiweyo kunye nazo zonke iimpepha ezingeniswe kunye nazo; kwakunye nokwamkela izikhalazo ezingeniswe ngabantu ezimalunga nendlela ekuqhutywa ngayo yiloo ndawo inikwe ilayisenisi nezifanele ukuqwalaselwa, bazidlulisele eBhodini le bezivakalisile okanye bengazivakalisanga ezabo izimvo ngezo zikhalazo.
ukuseka isigqeba sezotywala; kwakunye nokutyumba iindawo zikawonke-wonke apho kwaba masipala ekungekho mntu uvumelekileyo ukuba athengise utywala kuzo okanye ukuba eze notywala kuzo, ngaphandle kobo busiwa kwiindawo ezinelayisenisi, baze ke bakhuphe izaziso ezichaza oku.
UMphathiswa usenokuthi, xa kukho isizathu esiphathekayo, emva kokuba edlene iindlebe noMphathiswa osingathe ulawulo lweedolophu kweli Phondo, nanini na, alirhoxise lonke okanye arhoxise inxenye yalo igunya ebelinike umasipala othile phantsi kwemiqathango yamacandelwana no- ngentla apha.
owombutho okanye imibutho enobulungu kumbutho wesizwe okanye wesithili wabakwishishini, ebandakanya, kodwa ungapheleli kuyo, nemibutho yoosomashishini baloo ndawo emele oosomashishini abashishina ngotywala; kwakunye nemibutho yabahlawuleli-zinkonzo neyabahlali bezo ngingqi zaba masipala kunye nalo naliphi na iqela lasekuhlaleni eliye lakhethwa ngumasipala.
Apho kukho isigqeba sezotywala esiye sasekwa, eso sigqeba sisenokuthi xa sithe sacelwa ngumasipala, sisebenze njengomlamli phakathi kwalowo ufake isicelo nabo basichasayo isicelo sakhe.
Isigqeba sezotywala sisenokuthi, singaphelanga esi sithuba simiselweyo ukusuka kumhla wokugqibela wokungeniswa kwezichaso okanye elo xesha ebethe uSihlalo wavuma ukusolula ngalo isithuba esi, kwakuba kufakwe isicelo soko, singenise ingxelo echaza iziphumo eku.kelelwe kuzo kolo lamlo kunye nezindululo zaso zokuba samkelwe na okanye sikhatywe na eso sicelo.
Apho kuthe ngenxa yolamlo lwesigqeba sezotywala kwa.kelelwa kwisivumelwano phakathi kwalowo ebefake isicelo nalowo okanye nabo bebengabachasi besi sicelo, isigqeba sezotywala kufuneka ukuba singenisele iBhodi le iimpepha zeso sivumelwano, singaphelanga esi sithuba sikhankanywe phaya kwicandelwana ngentla apha.
IBhodi le kufuneka ukuba, xa iqwalasela isicelo, iyithathele ingqalelo le ngxelo nezi zindululo kwakunye nesi sivumelwano, kodwa ke oko kungathethi ukuba ibophelelekile ukuba ihambe ngazo.
Umntu akanakho ukuba angavelisa utywala okanye athengise utywala, ngaphandle kokuba ugunyazisiwe ukuba angakwenza oko phantsi kwemiqathango yelayisenisi okanye yepemethi ekhutshwe phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho.
Umntu oye wagunyaziswa ukuba angenza okanye athengise utywala, kufuneka ukuba oko akwenze ngokwemiqathango yaloo layisenisi okanye pemethi ayinikiweyo.
Umntu othe engakhange wakhululelwa phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 70 , wenza okanye wathengisa utywala etyeshela amacandelwana no- ngentla apha, uya kuba unetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho.
ilayisenisi yokuthengiswa kotywala bokuselwa emasangweni nangaphandle kwamasango aloo ndawo buthengiswa kuyo; kunye nelayisenisi yokuthengiswa nokuselwa kotywala ngaphakathi emasangweni aloo ndawo buthengiswa kuyo inesiyunguma esisodwa.
ipemethi yokuthengisa utywala besintu bokuselwa emasangweni nangaphandle kwamasango aloo ndawo buthengiswa kuyo ikhutshelwe ipemethi; kunye nepemethi yokuthengisa utywala besintu bokuselwa emasangweni nangaphandle kwamasango aloo ndawo buthengiswa kuyo inesiyunguma esisodwa.
ukwamkelwa kwesi sicelo akusayi kubaphazamisa abahlali bendawo ethile, abafundi besikolo okanye ibandla leziko lenkonzo elime kule ngingqi ikuyo le ndawo icetywayo.
indawo ebuza kuthengiselwa kuyo okanye ebuza kuselelwa kuyo obu tywala yindawo efanelekileyo okanye eya kuthi ifaneleke yakugqitywa ukuba lowo ufake isicelo angayisebenzisela le nto ikhutshelwe yona ilayisenisi leyo; nokuba ukwamkelwa kwesi sicelo akusayi kubaphazamisa abahlali bendawo ethile, abafundi besikolo okanye ibandla leziko lenkonzo elime kule ngingqi ikuyo le ndawo icetywayo.
Ilayisenisi okanye ipemethi yokuthengisa utywala besintu ayinakho ukuba inganikwa umntu okanye idluliselwe kumntu ongakufanelanga ukuba nelayisenisi okanye nepemethi, kwaye ke ilayisenisi okanye ipemethi yomntu oye akafaneleka ukuba angaba nelayisenisi ayinakho ukuba ingahlaziywa.
umntu owayesele enayo ilayisenisi yaza yarhoxiswa phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho okanye yoMthetho olawula ukukhutshwa kweelayisenisi zotywala kulo naliphi na elinye iphondo, kwisithuba seenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini esiphambi kokufakwa kwesi sicelo sakhe; kwakunye nomntu ongumlingane walo mntu uchazwe ku-(a), (b) no-(e) ngentla apha.
Ukuba ngaba ufunyaniswe engafanelekanga phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana (a) ukuya kutsho ku-(e) ngentla apha, ke ifunyaniswa ingafanelekanga nayo nayiphi inkampani okanye inkampanana encinane anezabelo kuyo okanye achaphazelekayo kuyo njengelungu, nayo nayiphi itrasti angutrasti wayo okanye angumxhamli wabo nabuphi na ubuhlakani alihlakani kubo.
IBhodi isenokuthi, ngesizathu esiphathekayo esinikileyo, ithathe isigqibo sokuba umntu ofunyaniswe engafanelekanga phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana (a) no-(b) ngentla apha, ufanelekile ukuba angasenza isicelo esithile okanye ilayisenisi eluhlobo oluthile.
Umntu angafaka isicelo sale layisenisi ichazwe kwicandelo 21 okanye esale pemethi ichazwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 22.
Isicelo selayisenisi kufuneka senziwe ngefomu elungiselelwe oko, kwaye ke sona isicelo sepemethi kufuneka ukuba senziwe ngokwemithetho yoomasipala okanye ke singenziwanga ngokwemithetho yoomasipala, kufuneka ukuba senziwe ngokwemiqathango yalo Mthetho nemigaqo yawo.
Isicelo esenziwe ngokweli candelwana kufuneka ukuba singeniswe kumasipala waloo ngingqi ikuyo loo ndawo kuza kuthengiselwa kuyo utywala.
Ukuba ngaba umasipala waloo ngingqi iza kuba kuyo loo ndawo kuza kuthengiselwa kuyo utywala akazange abekwe njengomgunyaziswa weBhodi phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 18 , kufuneka ke ukuba eso sicelo siye kungeniswa ezi-o.sini zeBhodi le.
Ukuba ngaba umasipala waloo ngingqi iza kuba kuyo loo ndawo kuza kuthengiselwa kuyo utywala akazange abekwe njengomgunyaziswa weBhodi phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 18 , kufuneka ke ukuba isicelo sepemethi esenziwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana kunye novakaliso lwezimvo phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 28 ngezantsi apha, ziye kungeniswa ezi-o.sini zeBhodi le.
Ubungqina bokuba yenziwe intlawulo ebekiweyo yokwenza isicelo kufuneka ukuba buhambe nesicelo esi senziwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana ngentla apha ngexesha lokungeniswa kwaso.
Lowo mntu ufaka isicelo selayisenisi kufuneka ukuba athi, ngaloo fomu ilungiselelwe oko nangalaa mhla wokungenisa kwakhe isicelo, apapashe izaziso ngazo zontathu iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni beli Phondo, kwiGazethi yePhondo (Provincial Gazette) nakwelinye okanye nakwamanye amaphephandaba aphumayo kwingingqi yaloo masipala iza kuba kuye le ndawo icelelwa ilayisenisi.
Lowo mntu ufaka isicelo kufuneka ukuba axhome isaziso, ngefomu elungiselelwe oko enobo bukhulu bubekiweyo, sibhalwe ngazo zontathu iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni beli Phondo, kwindawo esemboniselweni apha kuloo ndawo icelelwa ilayisenisi, khona ukuze abantu abadlulayo bayibone lula, kodwa ke kuqondakale ukuba iBhodi le ingakuxolela noko ukungathotyelwa kwalo umqathango xa ngaba kukho isizathu esiphathekayo esithe sanikwa.
Esi saziso sikhankanywe kwicandelwana kufuneka sihlale kule ndawo sixhonywe kuyo elo xesha libekiweyo ukusukela kuloo mhla sifakwe ngawo isicelo.
Ukuba ngaba indawo leyo ikwindawo ekuhlaliwa kuyo, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka athi kwisithuba esimiselweyo ukusuka kumhla wokuthunyelwa kwesicelo, enze isaziso sesicelo kwifomu emiselweyo malunga nelungu ngalinye losapho lwakhe olungaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu oluhlala kwindawo leyo yokuhlala nakwizindlu ezixokonyezelwe kuyo.
Lowo mntu ufake isicelo kufuneka ukuba athi, lingadlulanga elo xesha lithe labekwa, angenise ubungqina kumasipala okanye kwiBhodi le bokuba iye yathotyelwa imiqathango yecandelwana , nele-.
naye nawuphi na omnye umntu okanye nalo naliphi na iziko, oqonda okanye eliqonda ukuba lingachaphazeleka kukwamkelwa okanye kukukhatywa.
Isicelo esingenisiweyo kwakunye neempepha ezithe zangeniswa kunye naso kufuneka ukuba kukwazeke ukuzi.kelela ngeenjongo zokuzihlola phaya ezi-o.sini zikamasipala, ukusukela kulaa mhla sangeniswa ngawo eso sicelo kunye nezo mpepha singeniswe nazo, side sibe sidluliselwe eBhodini, kwaye ke naye nawuphi na umntu kufuneka ukuba avumeleke ukuba azibone nokuba enze iikopi zazo ezo mpepha akuba ezihlawule ezo ntlawulo zibekiweyo.
Xa sithe isicelo sangeniswa eBhodini, eso sicelo kunye nazo naziphi na iimpepha ezingeniswe naso, kufuneka ukuba naphaya kwii-o.si zeBhodi le kukwazeke ukuzi.kelela ngeenjongo zokuzihlola nokuzikopa, isakuba ihlawulwe intlawulo ebekiweyo, ukusukela kulaa mhla wokungeniswa kwazo ukuya kutsho kuloo mhla wokuqwalaselwa kwazo yiBhodi le.
Umntu onendlela achaphazeleka ngayo ekwamkelweni okanye ekukhatyweni kwesicelo angathi, lingadlulanga elo xesha libekiweyo, angenise izimvo zokuxhasa okanye zokuchasa ukwamkelwa okanye ukukhatywa kweso sicelo.
Ikopi yezo zimvo zivakalisiweyo kufuneka ukuba ingeniswe kumasipala, kananjalo sngeniswe ngulowo mntu unendlela achaphazeleka ngayo ekwamkelweni okanye ekukhatyweni kweso sicelo kulowo mntu ufake isicelo okanye kulowo ungummeli womfaki-sicelo, nakwigosa elikhethelwe ukujongana nezotywala.
Ubungqina boko kungeniswa kufuneka bungeniswe novakaliso lwezimvo.
uhlobo achaphazeleka ngalo yena ekukhutshweni okanye ekukhatyweni kwesi sicelo; kunye nemihlaba ecacileyo nepheleleyo yokuba asichase okanye asixhase eso sicelo.
Loo mntu ufaka isicelo unakho ukuba angangenisela umasipala impendulo yezo zimvo zingenisiweyo zokuchasa isicelo sakhe, lingadlulanga elo xesha elithe labekelwa ukwenza oko.
ubungqina bokuba zenziwe iintlawulo zokwenza isicelo ezibekiweyo; kwakunye nalo naluphi na olunye uxwebhu okanye into ebithe yangeniswa kuye ngokuphathelele kwesi sicelo.
IBhodi le okanye nayiphi na ikomiti okanye naye nawuphi na umsebenzi, kufuneka ukuba, kungadlulanga xesha lide ukusuka kulaa mhla wokufunyanwa kwesicelo, basiqwalasele isicelo eso ngeenjongo zokukhangela ukuba ngaba senziwe ngendlela echanekileyo na nokuba ngaba siyayithobela na imiqathango ebekwa nguMthetho lo nayimigaqo yawo.
Ukuba ngaba iBhodi okanye ikomiti okanye umsebenzi, aba bakhankanywe kwicandelwana ngentla apha bafumanisa ukuba esi sicelo asiphelelanga okanye sineziphene esinazo, kufuneka ukuba, kungadlulanga xesha lide kakhulu ukusuka kwixesha lokufunyanwa kweso sicelo, bakhuphe isaziso sokungeniswa kwesicelo esingaphelelanga okanye esineziphene, njengoko kutyetyeshiwe, bacele loo mntu ebefake eso sicelo ukuba makongeze ezo zinto zingekhoyo okanye makenze izilungiso kwezo ndawo zineziphene, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezilishumi elinesine.
ikumisele olunye usuku ukuqwalaselwa kweso sicelo kude kube kuhanjiwe ngesaziso eso; okanye isikhabe isicelo eso.
nawo nawuphi na omnye umcimbi ebona kufanelekile iBhodi ukuba mawuthathelwe ingqalelo, kodwa ke ekwenzeni oko ilithathele ingqalelo icandelo 12.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo okanye iimpepha ezihamba naso okanye izimvo ezingenisiweyo okanye ingxelo engenisiweyo, zineziphene ezinazo zalo naluphi na uhlobo okanye ukuba ngaba nawuphi na umntu uyasilela ukungenisa nalo naluphi na uxwebhu okanye ukugcina esi sithuba sexesha okanye eli xesha lisikelweyo, iBhodi inakho ukuba izixolele ezo ziphene okanye oko kusilela, ukuba ngaba ubukhulu becala ithotyelwe imiqathango yalo Mthetho okanye yemigaqo yawo, naxa oko kuxolela kungasayi kuba namntu kumbeka engxakini.
Ilayisenisi okanye ipemethi ayinakho ukukhutshwa ngaphandle kokuba iBhodi okanye umasipala wanelisekile ukuba lowo mntu ufaka isicelo unalo ilungelo lokuyisebenzisa loo ndawo ayifakela isicelo eyisebenzisela oku kuza kugunyaziswa yilayisenisi okanye yipemethi leyo.
IBhodi le isenokuthi xa isamkela isicelo selayisenisi yendawo engekagqitywa ukwakhiwa, ikhuphe umyalelo wokuba ilayisenisi leyo ayisayi kukhutshwa ade abe lowo mntu ufake isicelo uyayifezekisa imiqathango ethe iBhodi yabona kufanelekile ukuba iyibeke malunga nokugqitywa kokwakhiwa kwale ndawo, lingadlulanga elo xesha athe walisikelwa.
IBhodi le isenokuthi xa isamkela isicelo selayisenisi, iyalele ukuba ilayisenisi leyo ayisayi kukhutshwa ade abe lowo mntu ufake isicelo okanye umsebenzi wakhe okanye abasebenzi bakhe, baye banikwa uqeqesho nemfundo ngokolo hlobo inokuthi imisele ngalo iBhodi le.
IBhodi le isenokuthi xa isamkela isicelo selayisenisi phantsi kwemiqathango yamacandelo 30, 31 nele-32 iyalele ngento ebhaliweyo ukuba ilayisenisi leyo ayisayi kukhutshwa ade abe lowo mntu ufake isicelo uyifezekisile loo miqathango inokuthi iBhodi ibone kufanelekile ukuba iyibeke.
ilandise elo xesha ibiye yamsikela lona; okanye yamkele isilungiso esenziweyo kwiplani yendawo leyo.
Ukuba ngaba lowo mntu ufaka isicelo uyasilela ukuyifezekisa le miqathango ikhankanywe ngentla apha ngelo xesha ithe iBhodi le yamsikela ukusukela kulaa mhla wokwamkelwa kwesicelo sakhe selayisenisi, oko kwamkelwa kwesicelo sakhe selayisenisi kuya kuphelelwa, kuze ke kuthathwe ukuba eso sicelo sakhe selayisenisi asikhange samkelwe.
Xa lowo mntu ufake isicelo ethe wayifezekisa imiqathango ethe yabekwa yiBhodi le naxa athe wayihlawula intlawulo ebekiweyo, kufuneka ukuba iBhodi le iyikhuphe ilayisenisi leyo ngokohlobo olubekiweyo.
IBhodi okanye umasipala, nawuphi na ofanelekileyo kubo, kufuneka ukuba, emva kokuba ithe yasamkela isicelo, izikhuphe iimpepha zelayisenisi okanye zepemethi leyo ngefomu elungiselelwe oko apho kuchazwa khona imiqathango yaloo layisenisi, xa ngaba ikhutshiwe intlawulo ebekiweyo, oku kwenziwe ethathelwe ingqalelo amacandelo 31, 32 nele-33.
ufunyaniswe yinkundla efanelekileyo ukuba akakwazi ukuyiqhuba imicimbi yakhe; okanye xa ngaba yinkampani okanye inkampanana encinane, iye yathinjwa ngenxa yamatyala; phambi kwalo mhla bekuza kuqwalaselwa ngawo isicelo, ke lowo mntu uthe wakhethwa njengomabi-lifa, okanye utrasti, okanye umgcini okanye umthengisi weempahla ezithinjiweyo, unawo onke loo magunya nalawo malungelo ebeya kuba nawo lowo mntu ebefake eso sicelo ukuba ebengathanga wasweleka, wathinjwa okanye wafunyaniswa engenakukwazi ukuqhuba imicimbi yakhe, kwaye angawasebenzisa onke.
Kufuneka ukuba ibe ngumqathango welayisenisi nganye yokuselelwa kotywala kwindawo ethile ebuthengiswa kuyo utywala ukuba utywala obo mabuselelwe kuphela kule ndawo ikhutshelwe loo layisenisi, nokuba akukho tywala buya kuthathwa kumkiwe nabo kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi.
Kufuneka ukuba ibe ngumqathango welayisenisi nganye yokuselelwa kotywala ngaphandle kwale ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi ukuba akusayi kubakho nto inotywala iya kuvulwa, kwaye kungasayi kubakho tywala buselelwa apha kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi, ngaphandle kokuba buselelwa ukungcamlisa okuvunyelwe yiBhodi le.
Ukuba ngaba indawo leyo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi yokuba kuselelwe kuyo, kuselelwe nangaphandle kuyo, ke la macandelwana angentla apha u- no- akayichaphazeli yona.
Umntu onikwe ilayisenisi kwindawo apho olona shishino luqhutywayo ilolokutya akanakho ukuba athengise nabuphi na obunye utywala ngaphandle kwewayini eyitable wine.
utywala obuhanjiswayo kufuneka ukuba busiwe kuphela kule adresi ibonisiweyo apha kule invoyisi ikhankanywe kumhlathi (a) ngentla apha; nokuba ikopi yale invoyisi ikhankanywe kumhlathi (a) ngentla apha kufuneka ukuba igcinwe apha kwesi sithuthi sihambisa obu tywala ukusukela ngeli xesha sibuhambisayo ukuya kutsho kwelo xesha ibuthula ngalo.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukwamkela umthwalo wotywala obuthengiweyo kumthengisi wabo ingekho i-invoyisi exela igama lomthengisi lowo, i-adresi yakhe kunye nenombolo yelayisenisi yakhe, uhlobo lotywala obuthengiweyo, umthamo wabo kwakunye nexabiso obuthengwe ngalo.
Umntu onikwe ilayisenisi akanakho ukuba angadlulisela ilungelo langokwasezimalini komnye umntu ngaphandle kokuqala afumane imvume kwiBhodi le.
IBhodi ayinakho ukuba ingayinika le mvume ikhankanywe kwicandelwana ngentla apha ukuba ngaba lo mntu udluliselwa ilungelo langokwasezimalini akafanelekanga ngokwalaa miqathango ikwicandelo 24 ukuba angaba nelayisenisi okanye ukuba ngaba unesimo esingalunganga.
Ilayisenisi kufuneka ukuba ikhutshwe ngegama lalowo mntu uqhuba elo shishini likhutshelwe ilayisenisi aze axhamle isivuno salo, kwaye ayinakho ukuba ingakhutshwa ngegama lomtyunjwa okanye lomgunyaziswa.
Lowo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi akanakho ukuba angaqeshisa ngaloo layisenisi kuye nawuphi na mnye umntu okanye avumelene nawuphi na umntu ukuba makaqhube ishishini phantsi kwemiqathango yaloo layisenisi.
Xa ngaba umfaki-sicelo akangomntu, koko sisigqeba okanye inkampani, kufuneka ukuba iBhodi ukuba inyule umntu oza kuba yimanejala yeli shishini likhutshelwe ilayiseni, otyunjwe ngumfaki-sicelo nongumhlali apha kweli Phondo.
Lowo unikwe ilayisenisi unakho ukuba athi nanini na, ngendlela ebekiweyo, atyumbe umntu ohlala apha kweli Phondo ukuba abe yimanejala yeli shishini likhutshelwe ilayisenisi, apho ke iBhodi iya kuthi iyibeke loo manejala.
IBhodi le isenokuthi icele igosa elijongene nezotywala ukuba lingenise ingxelo malunga nokufaneleka kwalowo mntu uthe watyunjwa.
IBhodi le ayinakho ukuba ibeke njengemanejala umntu ongafanelekanga ukuba angaba nelayisenisi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 23 okanye umntu onesimo esingekho sihle.
IBhodi le isenokuthi ibeke umqathango wokubekwa kwaloo mntu othi lowo mntu utyunjelwe ukuba abekwe njengemanejala makaqale aye kufumana uqeqesho nemfundo ezinokuthi zikhethwe yiBhodi le.
Imanejala ethe yabekwa phantsi kwemiqathango yeli candelo inoxanduva lokuba ilawule eli shishini, kwaye nayo ibopheleleke kule misebenzi nakwezi mbopheleleko ngokuluya hlobo abopheleleke ngalo lowo mntu unikwe le layisenisi.
Ukubekwa komntu njengemanejala phantsi kwemiqathango yeli candelo akumkhululi lowo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi kuwo nawuphi na kule misebenzi nakwezi mbopheleleko zibekwa ngulo Mthetho okanye kwimiqathango ekhutshwe phantsi kwayo le layisenisi.
Ukubekwa komntu njengemanejala phantsi kwemiqathango yeli candelo kuhlala kuqhuba ngokusesikweni kude kube kubekwe imanejala entsha.
Ukuba ngaba umntu obekwe njengemanejala phantsi kwemiqathango yeli candelo uyayeka ukulawula elo shishini likhutshelwe ilayisenisi okanye kwenzeka ukuba angafaneleki ukuba angakwenza oko, esi sigqeba besinikwe ilayisenisi kufuneka ukuba sithi, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ukusukela ngoko, sifake isicelo phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana ngentla apha sokuba kubekwe enye imanejala entsha yokuthatha indawo yale iyekayo.
Ukuba ngaba esi sigqeba sinikwe ilayisenisi siyasilela ukuthobela amacandelwana nele- ngentla apha, ilayisenisi yaso isenokumiswa okwexeshana phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 59 ngezantsi apha.
angenza iinguqulelo kuhlobo lweshishini ebikhutshelwe lona ilayisenisi yakhe ezilwenza lahluke ishishini elo kweliya belichaziwe kwesiya sicelo sasiqwalaselwe yiBhodi le ngexesha ikhupha ilayisenisi; okanye angenza utshintsho okanye ulongezo kwisakhiwo, okanye asakhe ngokutsha okanye asitsale isakhiwo sale ndawo ibikhutshelwe yona ilayisenisi.
Ukusilela ekufezekiseni imiqathango yecandelwana 1 kululwaphulo-mthetho.
Akukho mntu uvumelekileyo ukuba athengisele umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo utywala.
Akukho mntu uvumelekileyo ukuba anike okanye aphathele umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo utywala okanye amvumele loo mntu ephantsi kolawulo lwakhe okanye kolondolozo lwakhe, ukuba asele utywala.
Lowo unikwe ilayisenisi akanakho ukuba angavumela umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ukuba asele utywala kuloo ndawo ikhutshelwe yena ilayisenisi yayo okanye iphantsi kolawulo lwakhe.
Lowo unikwe ilayisenisi akanakho ukuba angavumela umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ukuba abe lapho angavumelekanga ngokwemiqathango yalo Mthetho okanye ngokwemiqathango yale layisenisi, ukuba angakhona apha kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi.
Umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala akavumelekanga ukuba afumana okanye anganikwa utywala ngendlela ewaphulayo lo Mthetho okanye ukuba axoke ngeminyaka yakhe yobudala ngeenjongo zokuba afumane okanye asele utywala okanye angene kwiindawo angafanelanga ukuba angangena kuzo apha kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi.
uqeqeshwa kwizifundo zeenkonzo zolungiselo lokutyabele; nokuba wenza umsebenzi woqeqesho phantsi kwalo ikhutshelwe yena ilayisenisi.
angawubamba umvuzo womsebenzi ade abe uhlawule ityala lotywala ebebuthathe ngetyala.
Lowo unikwe ilayisenisi okanye omnye umntu owenza egameni lakhe, akanakho ukuba angamkela okanye abambe naliphi na iphepha okanye nayiphi na into ehambisekayo, eyibambela ukuba kumiswe ngayo kwityala lotywala obuthengiswe ngetyala.
abe kwigumbi okanye kuyo nayiphi na indawo apha kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi yokuthengisa utywala ekhawuntaleni, ngaphandle kwaxa kwelo gumbi okanye kuloo kuthengiselwa abantu ukutya behleli ezita.
abe kwigumbi okanye kuyo nayiphi na indawo ethe iBhodi le yayityumba njengendawo abangavunyelwanga ukuba kuyo abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ; okanye abe kwindawo, engeyondawo ithengisa ukutya, ekhutshelwe kuphela ilayisenisi yokuthengisa utywala bokuba buye kuselelwa ngaphandle kwayo le ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi, ngaphandle kokuba loo mntu uhamba nomzali okanye nomntu aphantsi kolondolozo lwakhe okanye nomnye umntu omdala ngemvume yomzali wakhe okanye yomntu aphantsi kolondolozo lwakhe.
Ukusilela ekufezekiseni imiqathango yecandelwana 1 kululwaphulo-mthetho.
Lowo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi kufuneka ukuba utywala bakhe abugcine apha kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi okanye ke kwenye indawo ekwalapha kwiPhondo eli ethe yamkelwa yiBhodi le emva kokuba kuthe kwenziwa isicelo sokwenza njalo.
Lowo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi akanakho ukuba angathengisa utywala kuloo ndawo iyenye ayisebenzisela ukugcina utywala bakhe.
Lowo unikwe ilayisenisi akanakho ukuba angabuthengisela kuyo nayiphi na enye indawo ngaphandle kwakule ikhutshelwe utywala.
Nakubeni kukho le miqathango yeli candelo, lowo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi unakho ukuba angakubhengeza ukuthengisa kwakhe utywala, agaye nabathengi, athathe nee-odolo zabathenga utywala bengekho apha kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi.
Ukusilela ekufezekiseni imiqathango yecandelwana 1 kululwaphulo-mthetho.
Ehamba ngaleyo miqathango inokuthi iBhodi le iyibeke xa ikhupha ilayisenisi okanye emva kwentlanganiso ebibanjwe ngokwecandelo 7, lowo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi angabuthengisa utywala ngezo ntsuku nangaloo maxesha okuvula ithe iBhodi le yawabekela amashishini akhutshelwe iilayisenisi, kodwa ke kuqondakale ukuba lawo maxesha okuvula abekwe yiBhodi le akasayi kungquzulana nalawo abekwe ngumthetho kamasipala.
Umthetho kamasipala usenokuthi ubeke amaxesha okuvula angafaniyo nala abekelwe amashishini akhutshelwe iilayisenisi zokuthengisa utywala obuselelwa kwalapho buthengiswa khona nalawo athengisa utywala obungaselelwa apho buthengiswa khona, koko buselelwa kwenye indawo engeyiyo le ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi, kodwa ke awunakho ukuba ungabeka amaxesha okuvula neentsuku zokuvula ezingafaniyo kumashishini ngamashishini akhutshelwe iilayisenisi, kodwa ke kuqondakale ukuba amaxesha okuvula abekwe ngumasipala akanakudlula kula maxesha okuvula abekwe kumacandelwana (a) no-(b) ngezantsi apha.
a Ehamba ngaleyo miqathango ibekwe yiBhodi le ngokweli candelwana 1 ngentla apha, xa ngaba umasipala akanazintsuku namaxesha okuvula awabekileyo ngokwakweli candelwana 2 ngentla apha, ke lowo unikwe ilayisenisi yendawo yokuthengisa utywala obuza kuya kuselelwa ngaphandle kwale ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi angabuthengisa nangeyiphi na imini utywala nanini na ukusukela kwintsimbi yesibhozo kusasa ukuya kutsho kweyesibhozo ngorhatya 8:00 neye-20:00.
Ehamba ngaleyo miqathango ibekwe yiBhodi le ngokweli candelwana ngentla apha, xa ngaba umasipala akanazintsuku namaxesha okuvula awabekileyo ngokwakweli candelwana ngentla apha, ke lowo unikwe ilayisenisi yendawo yokuthengisa utywala obuza kuselelwa kwalapha kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi angabuthengisa nangeyiphi na imini utywala nanini na ukusukela kwintsimbi yesibhozo kusasa ukuya kutsho kweyesine (04:00) kwintsasa yosuku olulandelayo.
Kwimeko apho lowo unikwe ilayisenisi enelayisenisi evmela ukuba kuselelwe kwalapha kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi nangaphandle kwayo, uya kuhamba ngale miqathango yamacandelwana (a) no-(b) ngentla apha, enezo nguqulelwana ziyimfuneko.
Lowo mntu unikwe ipemethi utywala angabuthengisa ngezo ntsuku nangaloo maxesha axeliweyo kwipemethi yakhe.
Kuthathelwe ingqalelo icandelo 75 , ukusilela ekuthengiseni ngala maxesha okuvula nangezi ntsuku zokuvula zibekwe yiBhodi le ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana , ngezo zibekwe ngumthetho kamasipala ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana okanye ngezo zibekwe ngulo Mthetho kwicandelwana , kululwaphulo-mthetho.
Lowo unikwe ilayisenisi kufuneka ukuba agcine, ngaloo ndlela ibekiweyo, amarekhodi abo bonke utywala obuthengiselwe ukuya kuselelwa kwenye indawo engeyiyo le ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi.
Akukho mntu mnye, ngaphandle kwalowo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi unokuthi ngemini enye athenge utywala bokuya kuselelwa kwenye indawo engeyiyo le ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi obudlulileyo kulowo mthamo anokuthi awubeke uMphathiswa, kwaye ke nalowo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi engavumelekanga ukuba angamthengisela loo mntu mnye ufuna ukwenza njalo ngaphandle kokuba uqale wafumana imvume yegosa elijongene nezotywala laloo ngingqi ikuyo le ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi.
Umntu ongenayo ilayisenisi okanye ipemethi yokuthengisa utywala kanakho, nanini na, ukuba angathenga utywala, okanye abe notywala apha kuye okanye abe notywala obuphantsi kolawulo lwakhe, obudlulileyo kulo mthamo ubekwe phantsi kwecandelwana ngaphandle kokuba uqale ngokufumana le mvume ikhankanywe kweli candelwana.
Lowo mntu unelayisenisi yokuthengiswa nokuselwa kotywala kwiziyunguma ezizodwa akanakho ukuba angathengisa utywala esiyungumeni ngaphandle kokuba unikwe ipemethi yokwenza njalo ngumasipala waloo ngingqi ikuyo loo ndawo buza kuthengiswa kuyo utywala obo, okanye ke yiBhodi le, ukuba ngaba umasipala waloo ngingqi akazange anyulwe njengomgunyaziswa phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 17.
Lowo mntu unelayisenisi yokuthengisa utywala bokuselwa kwiziyunguma ezizodwa kufuneka ukuba afake kumasipala ngaloo ndlela ibekiweyo, isicelo sepemethi yokuthengisa utywala kwisiyunguma esisodwa esithile.
Eso sicelo ke kufuneka ukuba sifakwe kungasalanga ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezilishumi elinesine phambi kwalo mhla wesiyunguma esisodwa eso.
Umasipala angathi ke, emva kokuba ethe wasiqwalasela isicelo eso kwakunye nezo mpepha okanye naloo miba abona zifanelekile, asikhabe isicelo eso okanye asamkele phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imiqathango abona kufanelekile ukuyibeka.
Le miqathango ikhankanywe kwicandelwana ngentla apha kufuneka ukuba ichazwe apha kule pemethi ikhutshiweyo.
Umntu esikhatyiweyo isicelo sakhe ngokwecandelwana , okanye onganeliswayo ngumqathango othile obekwe ngumasipala angathi, ngaloo ndlela ibekiweyo, afake isibheno eBhodini le, ebhenela oko kukhatywa kwesicelo sakhe okanye loo mqathango anganeliswayo nguwo.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukusilela komntu onikwe ilayisenisi, engumntu onelayisenisi yeziyunguma ezizodwa, ekufuneni ipemethi ekhutshwa ngumasipala yesiyunguma esisodwa aza kuthengisa kuso utywala.
umntu onikwe ilayisenisi yotywala; okanye umntu onikwe ipemethi yotywala besintu.
Umntu ongathintelwanga kukungafaneleki ukuba angaba nelayisenisi yotywala angathi asifake, ngaloo ndlela ibekiweyo isicelo sokufumana ipemethi yokuthengisa utywala besintu, kumasipala waloo ngingqi ikuyo le ndawo kuza kuthengiselwa kuyo obo tywala besintu.
Loo masipala senziwe kuye isicelo unakho ukuba angasamkela eso sicelo phantsi kwaloo miqathango abona kufanelekile umasipala ukuba ayibeke, okanye ke asikhabe.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo sithe samkelwa, kufuneka ukuba umasipala athi, isakuba yenziwe loo ntlawulo ifanele ukuba mayenziwe, amnike ipemethi leyo loo mntu ubefake isicelo, ngaloo ndlela ibekiweyo.
Umntu oziva enganelisekanga sisigqibo sikamasipala ngokwalapha kweli candelo, angathi afake isibheno eBhodini, ngendlela ebekiweyo, ngesi sigqibo sithathiweyo ngumasipala.
Lowo mntu unikwe ipemethi angenza isicelo kumasipala sokuba ihlaziywe, kungasalanga ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu phambi kokuba u.ke laa mhla yayikhutshwe ngawo.
Umasipala kufuneka ukuba, emva kokuba yenziwe intlawulo yohlaziyo athe wayibeka, ayihlaziye ipemethi leyo esinye isithuba sonyaka omnye, ngaphandle kokuba kuye kwenzeka ukuba lowo mntu afumaniseke engakufanelanga ukunikwa ipemethi okanye iBhodi le iye yathi akangomntu ukufaneleyo ukuba anikwe ipemethi.
Umntu oziva enganelisekanga yindlela eqhutywa ngayo intengiso yotywala besintu angangenisa isikhalazo eBhodini eya kuthi ke yona kufuneke ukuba isiqwalasele eso sikhalazo ngoluya hlobo isiqwalasela ngalo isikhalazo ngelayisenisi, kwaye ke amagunya enawo iBhodi ngale pemethi ayafana nalawo inawo malunga nelayisenisi.
Ixesha lokusebenza kwelayisenisi liqala kulaa mhla ikhutshwe ngawo.
Ilayisenisi iphelelwa lixesha ngalaa mhla igqiba iinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukusuka kulowa mhla yayikhutshwe ngawo okanye ekupheleni kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukusukela kulaa mhla yayihlaziywe ngawo, lowo mhla u.ke mva, ngaphandle kokuba ke uhlaziyo lwaloo layisenisi loluzenzekelayo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 52 okanye ihlaziywa yiBhodi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 53.
Ipemethi ekhutshwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 22 ikhutshelwa isiyunguma esisodwa isebenza kuphela ngoluya suku okanye ngeziya ntsuku zesiyunguma esisodwa eso ebikhutshelwe sona, kwaye ke ayihlaziywa yona.
Ipemethi ekhutshwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 22 ikhutshelwa ukuthengiswa kotywala besintu isebenza ukuqalela ngalaa mhla wokukhutshwa kwayo, ize iphelelwe lixesha ekupheleni kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini emva kwalaa mhla wokukhutshwa kwayo, ngaphandle kokuba iye yahlaziywa ngumasipala phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 50.
USihlalo angathi, emva kokuba efumene ingxelo yokuba indawo ebikhutshelwe ilayisenisi ishiyiwe nguloo mntu ubenikwe ilayisenisi, ayirhoxise okwexeshana loo layisenisi ngoko nangoko.
Ukurhoxiswa kwelayisenisi okwexeshana phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana kuyajikwa emva kokuba uSihlalo efumene ingxelo yokuba indawo leyo yakhutshelwa ilayisenisi ayishiywanga ngulowo wayenikwe ilayisenisi okanye eyokuba iyasebenza kwakhona.
Ngaphandle kwalapho kusetyenzwa ngecandelo 53, kufuneka ukuba iBhodi le ikhuphe isaziso sohlaziyo lwelayisenisi, ngendlela ebekiweyo, zingadlulanga iinyanga ezisibhozo emva kwalaa mhla wokukhutshwa kwayo okanye wokuhlaziywa kwayo, asithumele kumntu ngamnye onelayisenisi, acele ukuba umntu lowo unikwe ilayisenisi makahlawule intlawulo yohlaziyo lwelayisenisi, ekufuneka ukuba ube kukuphela kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukusukela kulaa mhla wokukhutshwa kwayo okanye wokuhlaziywa kwayo, nokuba ngowuphi na o.ke mva.
Emva kokuba ethe loo mntu unelayisenisi wayihlawula intlawulo ebekiweyo phambi komhla wohlaziyo okanye ngomhla wohlaziyo, iyaphinda ke ihlaziywe ilayisenisi yakhe isithuba seenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukusukela kulowo mhla ihlaziywa ngawo.
Lowo unikwe ilayisenisi akasayi kwaphulelwa kuxanduva lwakhe lokuyihlawula ngexesha le ntlawulo ibekiweyo ukuba ngaba isaziso asikhange sithunyelwe okanye akakhange asifumane.
Umntu onikwe ilayisenisi oye wasilela ukuyihlawula ngexesha intlawulo unakho ukuba angathi, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingamashumi amathandathu emva kokuba udlulile laa mhla wohlaziyo, angenise isicelo eBhodini ngento ebhaliweyo ecela ukuxolelwa ngokokusilela, kwaye ke iBhodi inakho ukuba imxolele, ivume ukuyamkela loo ntlawulo ibekiweyo ishiywe lixesha ngaloo mhla uthe wabekwa yiBhodi le, ihamba ke nezo ntlawulo zongezelelweyo nezizizohlwayo ezinokuthi zibekwe yiBhodi.
Kwiimeko apho iBhodi le iye yasamkela isicelo sokuxolelwa ngokwale miqathango ikwicandelwana ngentla apha, yazibeka neentlawulo ezifanele ukuhlawulwa nezo zongezelelweyo kwakunye nezo zezohlwayo, zaza zahlawulwa, umhla wokuhlaziywa kwaloo layisenisi kuya kuthathwa ukuba ngulowa ibifanele ukuba ihlaziywe ngawo kakade; kodwa ke kuqondakale ukuba, xa lowo unaloo enokuthi asilele ekuhlawuleni iintlawulo neentlawulo zezohlwayo azibekelweyo ngokwemiqathango yeli candelwana ude udlule laa mhla wokuhlawula awubekelweyo, ilayisenisi yakhe iyaphelelwa ngawo loo mhla.
Ukuba ngaba ekupheleni kweenyanga ezisibhozo ukusukela kulaa mhla wokukhutshwa kwelayisenisi okanye wokuhlaziywa kwayo, nokuba ngowuphi na o.
ke loo layisenisi ayikwazi ukuba ingavela ihlaziywe ngokwaphantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 52, kodwa ke inakho ukuba ingahlaziywa yiBhodi le emva kokuba lowo ungumnini welayisenisi enze isicelo ngaloo ndlela ibekiweyo.
ilayisenisi yakhe ayizi kuhlaziywa; nokuba kufuneka ukuba lowo ungumnini welayisenisi enze isicelo, ngendlela ebekiweyo, ngaloo mhla uthe wabekwa yiBhodi le, sokuba ihlaziywe ilayisenisi yakhe, umhla lowo ongenakuba semva kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukusukela kulaa mhla wokukhutshwa okanye wokuhlaziywa kwaloo layisenisi yakhe.
Ukuba ngaba lo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi uyasilela ekuthobeleni esi saziso sikhankanywe kumhlathana , ke ilayisenisi leyo yakhe iya kuphelelwa ukusukela kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukusukela kulaa mhla wokukhutshwa okanye wokuhlaziywa kwayo.
Ukuba ngaba lowo unikwe ilayisenisi uthe wasithobela esi saziso, ke ilayisenisi yakhe iya kuhlala isebenza de ibe iBhodi le igqibile ukuqwalasela isicelo sakhe sohlaziyo.
Xa iBhodi le iqwalasela isicelo sohlaziyo umsebenzi wayo kunye namagunya ayo ayafana nalawo inawo xa iqwalasela isicelo selayisenisi entsha, amagunya lawo abandakanya igunya lokusikhaba isicelo okanye lokusamkela, phantsi kwaleyo miqathango inokuthi ibone kufanelekile ukuba iyibeke.
Ukuba ngaba iBhodi le iyasamkela isicelo sokuhlaziywa kwelayisenisi, ilayisenisi leyo kuthathwa ukuba iye yahlaziywa phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 51.
Ukuba ngaba iBhodi le iyasikhaba isicelo sokuhlaziywa kwelayisenisi, ilayisenisi leyo iphelelwa ngoko nangoko okanye ke ngaloo mhla unokuthi ubekwe yiBhodi le.
Lowo mntu unikwe ilayisenisi unakho ukuba angenza isicelo sokuba ilayisenisi yakhe idluliselwe komnye umntu ngokuthi angenise isicelo, ngaloo ndlela ibekiweyo nangaloo fomu isetyenziswayo, kumasipala wale ngingqi ikuyo le ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi.
Umasipala lowo ke kufuneka ukuba, ngaleyo ndlela ibekiweyo, alazise igosa elijongene nezotywala ngesi sicelo, aze ke alicele limngenisele ingxelo ngokuphathelele ekufanelekeni kwaloo mntu kucetywa ukudluliselwa kuye ilayisenisi ukuba angaba nelayisenisi.
Igosa elijongene nezotywala kufuneka ukuba, lingadlulanga elo xesha libekiweyo, liyingenise loo ngxelo ngokolu hlobo ifunwa ngalo kumhlathana , kwaye ke kuloo ngxelo lingabandakanya nawuphi na umba elibona lona gosa lijongene nezotywala ukuba kufanelekile ukuwuvelisa kwesi sicelo.
Umasipala kufuneka ukuba, lingadlulanga elo xesha libekiweyo, athumelele iBhodi esi sicelo kwakunye naziphi na iimpepha abeye wazifumana zingeniswe kunye neso sicelo.
IBhodi le kufuneka ukuba, lingadlulanga elo xesha libekiweyo, isikhabe okanye isamkele esi sicelo.
ungumntu onesimo esihle; kwaye ufundile ngokufanelekileyo okanye uya kuba efunde ngokwaneleyo, okanye kubantu abamsebenzelayo uya kuba naye umsebenzi omnye, nangaphezulu, ofunde okanye abafunde ngokufanelekileyo okanye oya/abaya kuba efunde/ befunde ngokufanelekileyo benalo noqeqesho kulawulo lweshishini elinelayisenisi.
Xa iBhodi le isamkela isicelo sodluliselo inakho ukuba ingayalela ukuba loo mntu idluliselwa kuye ilayisenisi, okanye omnye okanye abanye babasebenzi baloo mntu, kufuneka baye kufumana uqeqesho nemfundo enokuthi iBhodi igqibe kuyo.
IBhodi eyamkela isicelo sodluliselo phantsi kwemiqathango yeli candelo kufuneka ukuba ikhuphe isiqinisekiso sodluliselo ngokolo hlobo kubekwe ngalo.
Ukuba ngaba lo mntu kudluliselwa kuye ilayisenisi uyasweleka, okanye uyatshona ematyaleni okanye ufunyaniswa yinkundla efanelekileyo engenakukwazi ukuba angayiqhuba imicimbi yakhe, okanye, ukuba ngaba uyinkampani okanye inkampanana encinane, uyathinjwa phambi kwalo mhla wokuqwalaselwa kwesicelo sodluliselo, umabi-lifa, itrasti, umthengisi okanye umlondolozi, lowo ufanelekileyo, uthathwa ukuba nguye umfaki wesicelo, kwaye unawo onke amalungelo abeya kuba nawo lowo mntu okanye leyo nkampani okanye loo nkampani okanye loo nkampanana incinane, ibiya kuba nawo ukuba ebengathanga abhubhe okanye atshone okanye athinjwe okanye afunyaniswe engafanelekanga.
Umntu onikwe ilayisenisi olinikezelayo ishishini elo, kufuneka ukuba, zithi zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ukusukela kuloo mhla anikezela ngawo, ayazise iBhodi le ngento ebhaliweyo ngolo nikezelo. Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukusilela ekuyaziseni iBhodi le ngolo nikezelo.
Umntu othenge ishishini elinelayisenisi angafaka isicelo kuSihlalo sokunikwa imvume yokuqhuba elo shishini linelayisenisi, ngoku kusalindwe ukuba ilayisenisi yalo idluliselwe kuye.
Esi sicelo senziwe phantsi kweli candelwana ngentla apha kufuneka ukuba senziwe ngokusingenisa kuSihlalo ngefomu ebekiweyo.
USihlalo angayinika imvume egunyazisa umthengi lowo weshishini elo ukuba angaziqhubela elo shishini ixesha elithile elisikiweyo, ixesha elo ke elingenakuba ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintandathu ukusukela kuloo mhla aqalise ngawo.
USihlalo angathi nanini na ayirhoxise loo mvume inikwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana ngentla apha.
Le mvume inikwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana ngentla apha ayinakho ukuba ingenzelwa isibheno okanye uvandlakanyo phantsi kwalo Mthetho.
Lowo mntu uthe wanikwa le mvume inikwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana , unelungelo lokuba aliqhube eli shishini likhutshelwe ilayisenisi ngokwakhe, kwaye unamalungelo afanayo nalawo ebenawo laa mntu ube engumnini welayisenisi, kwaye naye ubopheleleke kuxanduva olufanayo noluya ubebopheleleke kulo lowa ube engumnini wale layisenisi.
Ukunikwa kwale mvume inikwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana ngentla apha akumkhululi loo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi kumsebenzi noxanduva abopheleleke kulo ngokuba ngumnini welayisenisi.
loo layisenisi iwela ku lowo mntu uthe wakhethwa njengomabi-lifa, okanye utrasti, okanye umgcini okanye umthengisi weempahla ezithinjiweyo, lowo ufanelekileyo, ukusukela kuloo mhla abekwe ngawo; kwaye ke lowo mntu uthe wakhethwa njengomabi-lifa, okanye utrasti, okanye umgcini okanye umthengisi weempahla ezithinjiweyo angaliqhuba elo shishini linelayisenisi ngokolo hlobo ebeya kuliqhuba ngayo lowo ungumnini welayisenisi, ukuba ngaba ebengathanga wasweleka okanye watshona okanye wathinjwa okanye wafunyaniswa engakwazi, kwaye naye ubopheleleke kulaa miqathango ebebopheleleke kuyo loo mnini welayisenisi; kwaye ke lowo mntu uthe wakhethwa njengomabi-lifa, okanye utrasti, okanye umgcini okanye umthengisi weempahla ezithinjiweyo angasifaka isicelo sokuba le layisenisi mayidluliselwe, phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo, kwaye ke ngokwakweso sicelo uthathwa ukuba nguye umnini wale layisenisi.
IBhodi le ingathi, ukuba iyaneliseka ukuba ishishini elikhutshelwe ilayisenisi liye lashiywa, okanye umnini welayisenisi ngulo mntu uchazwe kwicandelwana ngentla apha, abe engekabikho nomntu uthe wakhethwa njengomabi-lifa, okanye utrasti, okanye umgcini okanye umthengisi weempahla ezithinjiweyo, inyule umntu wokuba ngumnini wale layisenisi aqhube eli shishini de kube kukhethwe lowo mntu uza kuba ngumabi-lifa, okanye utrasti, okanye umgcini okanye umthengisi weempahla ezithinjiweyo, okanye, ukuba ngaba ishishini elo lishiyiwe, kude kubekwe imanejala.
Lowo mntu ke uthe wabekwa ngolo hlobo uthathwa ukuba nguye umnini welayisenisi le.
Ukuba ngaba uyasweleka umntu onikwe ilayisenisi enguye kuphela umlawuli wenkampani okanye ilungu lenkampanana encinane, okanye uyatshona okanye ufunyaniswa yinkundla efanelekileyo engakwazi ukuqhuba imicimbi yakhe okanye ukuba yinkampani okanye inkampanana encinane, uyathinjwa, ke kuya kuthi kule layisenisi kuhanjwe ngale miqathango yamacandelwana nele- ngentla apha, kunezo nguqulelwana zenziweyo apha naphaya, de abe ubekiwe umlawuli omtsha okanye ilungu elitsha.
ISigqeba seZibheno esibekwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 14 kufuneka ukuba siqwalasele isibheno okanye isicelo sovandlakanyo esifakiweyo ngesigqibo esithathiweyo yiBhodi le phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 7.
ISigqeba seZibheno singasiqinisekisa eso sigqibo okanye loo myalelo kufakwe isibheno ngawo, okanye senze izilungiso okanye sisikhabe, size ke sibeke esinye endaweni yaso eso okanye endaweni yawo loo myalelo, ngokokufuna kweemeko.
Lowo mntu ufake isicelo okanye lowo mntu unochaphazeleko unganelisekanga sisigqibo seBhodi le angathi, lingadlulanga ixesha elibekiweyo, emva kokuba ezifumene izizathu zesigqibo seBhodi le, angenisele iBhodi le isaziso sokubhena okanye sovandlakanyo ngokwaloo ndlela ibekiweyo.
Isibheno okanye uvandlakanyo kufuneka sixoxwe ngokungathi sisibheno ngesigwebo esikhutshwe yinkundla kamantyi kwityala lembambano, kwaye ke nawuphi na umgaqo olandelwayo kwityala lembambano uya kulandelwa nalapha, wenziwe ezo nguqulelwana ziyimfuneko apha naphaya, njengoko zivunyelwa ngokwalapha.
Ngaphandle kwalapho lowo mntu ufake isicelo okanye lowo mntu unochaphazeleko, ethe waphulelwa kumqathango wentlawulo eyenziwayo ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana , umntu onganelisekanga sisigqibo seBhodi le kufuneka ukuba kwangeli xesha angenisa isaziso sesibheno okanye sovandlakanyo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo , ahlawule naloo mali ibekiweyo yimigaqo okanye ithotyweyo siSigqeba seZibheno, njengemali yokukhawulelana neendleko enokuthi ingene kuzo iBhodi le okanye elo cala liphikisayo.
ISigqeba seZibheno singathi sakuba sifumene isicelo salowo mntu ufaka isicelo okanye salowo mntu unochaphazeleko, unganelisekanga sisigqibo seBhodi le, siyithobe intlawulo yokukhawulelana neendleko ezingekenzeki okanye simaphulele singayibizi.
Imali ehlawulelwe ukukhawulelana neendleko ezingekenzeki ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana ngentla apha kufuneka ihlawulwe kwiGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko, lize ke lona liye kuyifaka ebhankini kwi-akhawunti eyodwa, apho iya kulinda isiphumo sesibheno okanye sovandlakanyo, apho ke liya kuthi lihlawule ngayo ngokwaloo myalelo uthe wanikwa ngumchopheli weSigqeba seZibheno.
ISigqeba seZibheno singawukhupha loo myalelo wentlawulo yeendleko zamaqela kwezi ngxoxo okanye zeBhodi le, ngokolo hlobo sibona lufanelekile phantsi kweemeko ezo.
Lowo mntu ufake isicelo okanye lowo mntu unochaphazeleko unganelisekanga sisigqibo seBhodi le angaya kuvela ngokwakhe phambi kweSigqeba seZibheno okanye angamelwa apho ligqwetha lejaji okanye ligqwetha.
Isigqibo seSigqeba seZibheno kumcimbi othile asinakuphikiswa, kwaye singenakho nokuba singafakelwa esinye isibheno.
Umhloli angakhuphela lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi okanye lowo mntu iphantsi kolawulo lwakhe indawo ekhutshelwe ilayisenisi, isaziso sothotyelo ngefomu ebekiweyo, emazisa ngaso loo mntu ukuba makathobele imiqathango etyetyeshwa ngulo Mthetho okanye imiqathango yelayisenisi yakhe.
umhla ekufanele ukuba lube lufezekiswe ngawo olo thotyelo; kunye nezo ziphumo kuya kuthi kube nazo ukungathobeli.
Umhloli angathi, xa ethe wacelwa ngulowo mntu ukhutshelwe isaziso sothotyelo, alandise elo xesha lofezekiso lothotyelo, xa kunikwe isizathu esivakalayo, aze ke aphinde amkhuphele esinye isaziso sothotyelo esenziwe iinguqulelo.
Ukuba ngaba lowo mntu ukhutshelwe isaziso sothotyelo uye walufezekisa olo thotyelo, umhloli uya kukhupha isiqinisekiso sothotyelo.
Lowo mntu ukhutshelwe isaziso sothotyelo angathi, ngendlela ebekiweyo, angenisele umhloli lowo inkcazo ekuphikayo oku kukwesi saziso, achaze futhi nokuba ukuphika ngamihlaba mini na oko kuqulathwe sisaziso sothotyelo eso.
Umhloli othe wafumana le nkcazo inikwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana kufuneka ukuba athi, lingadlulanga ixesha elibekiweyo angenisele iGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko eso saziso sothotyelo nale nkcazo ikhankanywe kwicandelwana kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iimpepha abona kufanelekile ukuba makazingenise, lize ke lona iGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko lithathe isigqibo malunga nokuba ngaba esi sikhalazo siqulathwe sisaziso sothotyelo sifanelekile na.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko lingathi, ukuba ligqiba kwelokuba eso sikhalazo siqulathwe kwisaziso sothotyelo asifanelekanga, lisichithe, okanye ukuba ngaba lisifumanisa sifanelekile, liyalele ukuba isaziso sothotyelo eso masifezekiswe ngalowo mhla linokuthi liwubeke.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko lingathi ligunyazise omnye umntu ongumsebenzi weBhodi le ukuba makenze lo msebenzi uchazwe kwicandelwana ngentla apha.
Ubungqina bokungasifezekisi isaziso sothotyelo, entlanganisweni yeBhodi le, bubungqina bokuba kukho ulwaphulo-mthetho oluthe lwenziwa, okanye utyeshelo lwale miqathango yelayisenisi ikhankanywe kwisaziso sothotyelo.
IBhodi le isenokuthi kwiimeko ezizodwa, asakuba efake isicelo umhloli okanye igosa elijongene nezotywala, nalapho impilo nentlalontle yoluntu okanye ukhuseleko loluntu zibekeke emngciphekweni, ikhuphe umyalelo wexeshana oyirhoxisayo ilayisenisi leyo okanye ipemethi leyo okwexeshana.
kukho ubungqina bokuba isicelo eso neenkcazo ezifungelweyo wazinikwa lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi kungasalanga ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo phambi kokungeniswa kwesicelo eso; nokokuba kuyabonakala ngokwalapha kwisicelo eso ukuba loo mcimbi ngumcimbi ongxamisekileyo.
Umyalelo okhutshwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana kufuneka ukuba awunikwe lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi ngokwesikhokelo esinikwe yiBhodi, kwaye uqalisa ukusebenza ngaloo mhla awunikwa ngawo nangelo xesha awunikwa ngalo.
Umyalelo okhutshwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana kufuneka ukuba uxele umhla ekufuneka aye kuvela ngawo phambi kweBhodi le lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi, aye kunika izizathu ezichaza ukuba kutheni na ungenakuphunyezwa nje loo myalelo.
Lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi angathi, phambi kwalo mhla uxelwe kwicandelwana , angenisele iBhodi le isaziso sokuba uza kuwuphikisa loo myalelo, kwaye ke kufuneka ukuba angenise neenkcazo ezifungelweyo apho achaza imihlaba awuphikisa phantsi kwayo loo myalelo, aze kwangelo xesha linye anike lo mhloli okanye eli gosa lijongene nezotywala likhankanywe kwicandelwana ikopi yeso saziso neyezo nkcazo zifungelweyo.
Lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi angathi, phambi kwalo mhla uxelwe kwicandelwana , enze isicelo kuSihlalo weBhodi le sokuba umhla wokuxoxwa kwalo mcimbi makawubeke kusuku olungaphambili, aze ke kwangelo xesha linye anike lo mhloli okanye eli gosa lijongene nezotywala likhankanywe kwicandelwana ikopi yeso sicelo.
USihlalo weBhodi le usengayalela ukuba umhla lowo mawubekwe kusuku olungaphambili.
Ngalo mhla wokuxoxwa kwesi sicelo iBhodi le ingawurhoxisa lo myalelo wexesha okanye iwuqinisekise, kuqondakale ke kambe ukuba ingawenza nezo nguqulelo izibona kufanelekile ukuba mayizenze.
Ilayisenisi ethe yarhoxiswa okwexeshana phantsi kwawo nawuphi na umqathango walo Mthetho ihlala isebenza, ingaphelelwanga, ngaphandle nje kokuba ngelo xeshana isarhiswe ngalo umntu ongumnini wayo akanakho ukuba angabuthengisa utywala.
Ilayisenisi ethe yatshitshiswa yiBhodi le iyaphelelwa ukusukela kuloo mhla iitshitshiswa ngawo, okanye ke ngalo mhla ungomnye inokuthi igqibe kuwo iBhodi le.
Ilayisenisi ethe yaphelelwa phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 52 iyayeka ukusebenza ukusukela kuloo mhla iphelelwe ngawo.
Lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi ethe yarhoxiswa okwexeshana okanye yatshitshiswa okanye yaphelelwa usenokuthi zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu emva kolo rhoxiso okanye kolo tshitshiso okanye koko kuphelelwa, abuthengise ngefantesi nabuphi na utywala obukhoyo kuloo ndawo ibinale layisenisi, ngaloo mhla luqala ngawo ukusebenza olo rhoxiso okanye olo tshitshiso okanye oko kuphelelwa, ethengiselwa ngunofandesi onelayisenisi.
Ukuba ngaba umntu ongumnini welayisenisi wenza isicelo eBhodini ngento ebhaliweyo sokuba mayiyitshitshise ilayisenisi yakhe, loo layisenisi iya kuthi ke iphelelwe ngaloo mhla ithe yawubeka iBhodi.
UMkhomishinala weNkonzo yaMapolisa oMzantsi Afrika eNtshona Koloni, kwisikhululo samapolisa ngasinye, angabeka ipolisa elikwinqanaba lobuhloli okanye kwelingentla kunalo ukuba lenze umsebenzi wegosa elikhethiweyo elijongene nezotywala phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho.
Ipolisa elithe labekwa njengepolisa elikhethiweyo phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 139 loMthetho oyiLiquor Act, 1989 (uMthetho 27 ka-1989) liba ligosa elikhethelwe ukuba lijongane nezotywala kwaye ke lithathwa ukuba libekwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana.
UMkhomishinala weNkonzo yaMapolisa oMzantsi Afrika eNtshona Koloni angathi nanini na akutshitshise oku kubekwa kwenziwe phantsi kwemiqathango yeli candelo.
UMphathiswa unokubeka umntu oqeshwe nguRhulumente weNtshona Koloni ukuba abe ngulo mhloli kuthethwa ngaye apha kulo Mthetho.
UMkhomishinala kufuneka ukuba, xa ebeka igosa elijongene nezotywala ngokolu hlobo luchazwa kwicandelwana , akhuphe isiqinisekiso sokubekwa okanye sokukhethwa esisayinwe nguye yena Mkhomishinala, ngokunjalo noMphathiswa xa ebeka umhloli phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana , ngokwalowo kwenziwe nguye ukubeka okanye ukukhetha oko.
Igosa elijongene nezotywala elikhethiweyo okanye umhloli kufuneka ukuba, xa besenza umsebenzi wabo ngokwemiqathango yalo Mthetho, xa bethe bacelwa nguye nawuphi na umntu ochatshazelwayo kukwenziwa kwaloo msebenzi, bakhuphe ubungqina bokubekwa kwabo, njengosa elijongene nezotywala okanye njengomhloli.
kwisicelo ngasinye esenziweyo phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho, benzele iBhodi ingxelo ngaleyo miba inokuthi ibekwe njengefanele ukwenzelwa ingxelo okanye leyo libonayo igosa elijongene nezotywala ukuba ifanele ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo xa kuqwalaselwa eso sicelo; nokuba xa bethe bacelwa yiBhodi, banike ingxelo okanye bangenise naziphi na iinkcukacha ngomcimbi ethe iBhodi yacela ukuba kwenziwe njalo kuwo; nokuba bathi ngokukhawuleza bakuba beqaphele usilelo, banike iGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko iNgxelo ngoko kusilela komntu ongumnini welayisenisi ekuthobeleni imiqathango yelayisenisi yakhe, okanye isaziso sothotyelo okanye imiqathango yalo Mthetho; nokuba lingenise ingxelo iGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko xa athe lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi wafunyaniswa engakufanelanga ukuba nelayisenisi; nokuba ukuba ngaba banoluvo lokuba loo ndawo ibikhutshelwe ilayisenisi ishiyiwe, okanye ayikufanelanga ukuba kungaqhutyelwa kuyo eli shishini likhutshelwe ilayisenisi, balingenisele ingxelo iGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko; nokuba ukuba ngaba lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi uye wabanjwa wagwetywa kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho, balingenisele ingxelo iGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko malunga nohlobo lolo lwaphulo-mthetho kwakunye neemeko elwenzeke phantsi kwazo.
nakweyiphi na indawo apho akrokrela ukuba kugcinwe utywala kuyo okanye kuthengiswa utywala kuyo ngendlela enxamnye nemiqathango yalo Mthetho okanye yoMthetho oyiLiquor Act kwaye ke angathi emva kokuba ethe wamxelela umntu ophetheyo apho kuloo ndawo ngelo xesha loku.
amfake imibuzo lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi okanye ubhalisiweyo okanye abasebenzi bakhe, okanye umfaki wesicelo okanye nawuphi na omnye umntu olapha kule ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi okanye ibhalisiweyo, xa ngaba uyakrokra ukuba lowo msebenzi okanye lowo mntu uanzo kuye okanye phantsi kolawulo lwakhe nazo naziphi na iimpepha ezinokuthi zifaneleke kulo mcimbi enza uphando ngawo; kananjalo acele nawuphi na umntu ongumnini welayisenisi okanye obhalisiweyo okanye umsebenzi wakhe ukuba aye kuvela phambi kwakhe ngelo xesha athe walibeka nakuloo ndawo aya kumxelela yona, aye kuphendula imibuzo emalunga nalowo mcimbi kwenziwa uphando ngawo.
Nawuphi na umntu owongamele ezi ndawo zikhankanywe kwicandelwana 1 kufuneka ukuba anike olo ncedo anokuthi acelwe ukuba makalunike ligosa elijongene nezotywala elikhethiweyo.
Igosa loxolo linakho ukuba lingene lenze uhlolo kuyo nayiphi na indawo ekhutshelwe ilayisenisi okanye ligqogqe kuso nasiphi na isithuthi, isikhephe okanye umntu, xa lithe lagunyaziswa ukuba malenze njalo ngeempepha zogunyaziso ezikhutshwe yinkundla efanelekileyo, kwaye igosa loxolo elikwinqanaba lobuhloli okanye kwelilingana nalo, lingathi lingenazo iimpepha zogunyaziso, lingene lihlole loo ndawo okanye eso sithuthi, okanye sikhephe okanye mntu, xa lithe lagunyaziswa ukub alenze njalo nguwo nawuphi na omnye umthetho.
eya kuthi isetyenziswe njengobungqina botyeshelo lwemiqathango yalo Mthetho okanye imiqathango yelayisenisi okanye yepemethi; kunye nayo nayiphi na ebisetyenziswa okanye esetyenziswa kulwaphulo lwalo Mthetho okanye lomqathango welayisenisi okanye wepemethi.
licacise nokuba uhlolo olo lwenziwa phantsi kwaluphi na ugunyaziso; lize ke liluqhube uhlolo olo ngaphandle kokwenza uphazamiso olukhulu kulowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi okanye kubaxhasi bakhe, nasekuqhubeni kweshishini elo likhutshelwe ilayisenisi.
Igosa loxolo kufuneka ukuba xa lithatha nantoni na ngokwemiqathango yeli candelo, linike loo mntu liyithathe kuye loo nto irisithi echaza ukuba yintoni na leyo liyithathileyo okanye ziintoni na ezo lizithathileyo, ichaze nokuba kungasizathu sini na zithathwa nje ezo zinto zithathiweyo okanye loo nto ithathiweyo.
Nayiphi na into ethe yathathwa phantsi kwemiqathango yeli candelo kufuneka ukuba igcinwe, ilondolozwe de ibe iBhodi le okanye inkundla efanelekileyo iye yakhupha umyalelo malunga nendlela emayikhululwe ngayo.
Ngaphandle kokuba lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi okanye umsebenzi wakhe ophantsi kolawulo lwakhe ngokwemiqathango yalo Mthetho uye wabekwa ityala lokwaphula umthetho kwinkundla efanelekileyo okanye ubizelwe ukuba makaye kuvela phambi kweBhodi le zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ukusukela kuloo mhla zithathwe izinto ezo okanye into leyo, loo nto ibithathiwe kufuneka ibuyiselwe kuloo mntu ibithathwe kuye.
kuyo nayiphi na indawo ekuthengiswa utywala kuyo; okanye ii nayiphi na indawo e.
uthi engumnini welayisenisi, avumele ukuba le ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi isetyenziswe njengendawo yentengiso yamahenyukazi okanye isoloko isiziwa ngamahenyukazi; okanye uthi engumnini welayisenisi, avumele ukuthengiswa okanye ukusetyenziswa okanye ukuphathwa kweziyobisi kuloo ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi, kusaphulwa nawuphi na umthetho ophathelele kuloo ntengiso, okanye oko kusetyenziswa okanye oko kuphathwa unetyala lokwaphula umthetho.
aphendule nasiphi na isichaso okanye isikhalazo; esazi kodwa ukuba loo nto ayithethayo ayiyonyani okanye iyalahlekisa, okanye engenalwazi ngobunyani bayo xa ephendula umbuzo obuzwa ligosa elijongene nezotywala elikhethiweyo okanye ngumhloli okanye lipolisa okanye ngumsebenzi wakwamasipala okanye yiBhodi, angenise okanye anike iinkcukacha azaziyo ukuba aziyonyaniso okanye ukuba ziyalahlekisa, okanye angazaziyo ukuba ziyinyaniso kangakanani na, okanye ongenisa iimpepha zobuqhetseba okanye ezenziwe zangathi ziziikopi zezo zakuqala kodwa zingezizo unetyala lokwaphula umthetho.
Umntu othi asilele ekuthobeleni isicelo esivela kwipolisa okanye kumhloli ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 59 unetyala lokwaphula umthetho.
eze kuvela phambi kweBhodi le, kodwa athi engakhange waba ufumene imvume kuSihlalo asuke emke kuloo ntlanganiso ingekade i.
ngolunya aziphazamise iingxoxo zeBhodi le; okanye ale ukuphuma entlanganisweni ngeli xesha ayalelwe nguSihlalo ukuba makenze njalo unetyala lokwaphula umthetho.
Ukuba ngaba umntu uthe ngoku esinikwe ngokufanelekileyo isaziso sokuba kufuneka ukuba aye entlanganisweni, aze asilele ekuyeni okanye athi ngoku sele eyile, athi engakhange waba ufumene imvume kuSihlalo asuke emke kuloo ntlanganiso ingekade i.kelele esiphelweni sayo, intlanganiso leyo inokuthi iqhutywe ngoku loo mntu angekhoyo okanye ke uSihlalo unokuthi athathe lawo manyathelo abona kufanelekile, kwaye kulungile ukuwathatha phantsi kwezo meko.
Le miqathango yamacandelwana nele- eli candelo iyasebenza naphaya kwiintlanganiso zeSigqeba seZibheno, ineenguqulelwana ezithe zenziwa phaya napha, ngokwemfuneko yazo.
ale ukuthobela okanye asilele ekuthobeleni umyalelo onikwe ngokusesikweni ligosa elijongene nezotywala elikhethiweyo okanye ngumhloli; okanye othi ale, kungekho sizathu siphathekayo, ukuphendula umbuzo abuzwa wona ligosa elijongene nezotywala elikhethiweyo okanye ngumhloli okanye othi anike impendulo ebubuxoki okanye elahlekisayo, esazi futhi ukuba yimpendulo ebubuxoki okanye iyalahlekisa unetyala lokwaphula umthetho.
othi avumele ukuba kubekho utywala obukwinto yokufaka utywala evulekileyo esithuthini ngexesha siqhutywa kwindlela kawonke-wonke unetyala lokwaphula umthetho.
Icandelwana 1 alibhekiselanga ekuselweni kotywala kwisithuthi esikhutshelwe ilayisenisi yokuthengisela nokuselela kuso utywala.
Ngaphandle kwakwindawo ekhutshelwe ilayisenisi phantsi kwemiqathango yoMthetho oyiLiquorAct, 1989 (uMthetho 27 ka-1989), okanye ngaphandle kokuba eso siphathamandla sinegunya lokwenza njalo sigqiba ngenye indlela kwimeko ethile, utywala abunakuthengiswa, kwaye bungenakukhutshwa okanye buselwe kwisiza apho kuqhutywa ishishini legaraji ethengisela uluntu ipetroli okanye idizili okanye iimveliso zepetroliyam.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukusilela ekuthobeleni umyalelo weBhodi.
iwudlulisele kwiNkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika loo mcimbi, khona ukuze abanjwe umaphuli-mthetho lowo; okanye iyitshitshise ilayisenisi leyo.
akakhange abe nanxaxheba ekucetyweni kwaloo nto yenziweyo okanye ityeshelweyo ukwenziwa okanye ayikhange ivunyelwe nguye; waza wawathatha kangangoko anakho amanyathelo okuthintela ukwenziwa okanye ukutyeshelwa kokwenziwa kwento leyo; naxa into leyo yenziweyo okanye kutyeshelweyo ukuyenza ibingeyonto ibandakanyekayo kumsebenzi okanye kumagunya emanejala leyo okanye omgunyaziswa lowo okanye omqeshwa lowo.
Into yokuba abe umntu ongumnini welayisenisi ukhuphe umyalelo onqanda ukwenziwa kwento okanye ukutyeshelwa kokuyenza asibobungqina baneleyo bokubonisa ukuba uye wawathatha la manyathelo akhankanywe kwicandelwana (b).
Xa umntu ongumnini welayisenisi enobutyala ngento eyenziwe okanye etyeshelwe ngomnye umntu ngokolu hlobo luchazwe kwicandelwana , loo mntu usenobutyala naye oku ngathi ungumnini welayisenisi.
Imanejala okanye umgunyaziswa okanye umsebenzi walowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi akakhutshwa kubo nabuphi na obunye ubutyala athe wangena kubo obungebubo obu abudibanele nomnini welayisenisi ngokolu hlobo luchazwe kwicandelwana.
IBhodi inakho ukuba, xa kuthe kwangeniswa isicelo ngumntu onochaphazeleko analo, ivakalise ukuba umntu othile okanye indawo ethile yenzelwe ulwaphulelo kwimiqathango ekhankanywe kwicandelo 20 lalo Mthetho.
Olu vakaliso lwesaphulelo lukhankanywe kwicandelwana lusenokuhamba nemiqathango ethile enokuthi igqibe ukuyibeka iBhodi le.
IBhodi le inokuthi nanini na yenze iinguqulelo ezithile kolu lwaphulelo lukhankanywe kwicandelwana okanye ilurhoxise.
IBhodi le inokuthi ikhuphe isaziso, ngazo zontathu iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni beli Phondo, echaza kuso ezo nguqulelo iceba ukuzenza okanye olo rhoxiso lwesaphulelo iceba ukulwenza kwiphephandaba eliphuma kuloo ngingqi ikuyo loo ndawo inikwe ulwaphulelo, icela ngaso abo bantu banochaphazeleko abanalo ukuba mabathi, lingekadluli elo xesha lithe labekwa, banike izizathu zokuba kutheni na kufuneka ulwaphulelo olo lungenziwa zinguqulelo nje okanye lurhoxiswe.
Phezu kwala manyathelo athathwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana tiBhodi le ingathatha namanye amanyathelo ongezelelweyo ngokolo hlobo ibona lufanelekile ekwaziseni abo bantu banochaphazeleko ngeenjongo zayo zokwenza iinguqulelo kulwaphulelo okanye zokulurhoxisa olo lwaphulelo belunikwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana.
uhlala kwindawo ekukho kuyo ikhawuntala yebhari ebekwe ngendlela eyenza kubekho imihlaba yokuba ku.
uthenge okanye ufumene utywala obudlulileyo kulaa mthamo kungenakudlulwa kuwo ubekiweyo kwicandelo 48 engakhange ayifumane laa mvume ikhankanywe kwelo candelo, konke oku bubungqina obucacisa bokuthengiswa kotywala.
sisazisi sakhe esisebenzayo; okanye ii ilayisenisi yakhe yokuqhuba enomfanekiso wakhe nomhla wokuzalwa kwakhe; okanye iii ipasipoti yakhe esebenzayo enomfanekiso wakhe nomhla wokuzalwa kwakhe, obo bungqina bubungqina obubonakalisa ukuba lowo mntu ungumnini welayisenisi ubemazi loo mntu ukuba usengaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo 18 ubudala.
UMphathiswa angathi, elithathele ingqalelo icandelo 41 loMthetho oyiLiquor Act, ngesaziso esikhutshwe kwiGazethi yePhondo, azibeke iziqulatho zezaziso zezempilo nendlela ekufuneka ukuba sibekwe ngayo emboniselweni kuloo ndawo ikhutshelwe ilayisenisi.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukusilela ekubekeni isaziso emboniselweni ngokwemiqathango yeli candelo.
sokuvalelwa entolongweni isithuba esingadlulanga kwiminyaka emihlanu ; okanye esiyifayini nesikukuvalelwa entolongweni.
kuwo nawuphi na omnye umcimbi ekufuneka ukuba okanye onokuthi ubekwe phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho.
kwindlela yokuma kwezaziso zezempilo nakwiziqulatho zazo kwakunye naleyo ndlela zibekwa ngayo emboniselweni phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 73; kunye ngokubanzi nje, nakuwo nawuphi na umcimbi anokuthi uMphathiswa abone kuyimfuneko ukuba mawenzelwe imigaqo, khona ukuze kukwazeke ukufezekiswa iinjongo zalo Mthetho, kube kunjalo nje oku kuphangalala kwalo umhlathi kungavinjwa mihlaba yile ingentla apha imihlathi.
Umgaqo othe wenziwa phantsi kwemiqathango yeli candelo ngokuphathelele kwiintlawulo ezifanele kwenziwa okanye iimali ezifanele kuhlawulwa, kufuneka ukuba mayenziwe ngokudlana iindlebe nalowo Mphathiswa usingathe imicimbi yezemali zalapha kweli Phondo.
ilayisenisi yotywala beklabhu; kunye ilayisenisi eyodwa yotywala bokuselelwa kuloo ndawo buthengiswa kuyo.
ilayisenisi yomfama ovelisa iwayini; kunye ilayisenisi eyodwa yotywala bokuselelwa kwenye indawo engeyiyo loo ndawo buthengiswa kuyo.
ilayisenisi yomenzi wotywala; kunye nelayisenisi yotywala benkoduso yamazimba yamazimba, ebekusenziwa ngemiqathango yayo utywala kwisithuba seenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ezandulela ukuqalisa kwalo Mthetho ukusebenza, kodwa wona umthamo wobo tywala benziwayo ungadluli kulo mlinganiselo umiselweyo phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelwana lecandelo 4 loMthetho oyiLiquor Act.
c ilayisenisi yomenzi wotywala; kunye d nelayisenisi yotywala benkoduso yamazimba.
esikhutshwe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 33 lalo Mthetho.
Nokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba nawo nawuphi na omnye umthetho utshitshiseke kukuqalisa kwalo Mthetho ukusebenza, nasiphi na isicelo ebesithe senziwa phambi kokuba uqalise ukusebenza lo Mthetho kufuneka ukuba siqwalaselwe siqukunjelwe phantsi kwemiqathango yaloo mthetho sasingeniswe phantsi kwawo.
Imiqathango yamacandelwana 1, 2 nele-3 eli candelo asebenza kwezo layisenisi zathi zakhutshwa phantsi koMthetho oyiLiquor Act emva kokuba sele uqalisile ukusebenza lo Mthetho.
ethengisa ipetroli, idizili kunye nezinye iimveliso zepetroliyam ngalo mhla wokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo Mthetho, iya kuthi iphelelwe ukuphela kwesithuba seminyaka emihlanu ukusukela kulo mhla wokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo Mthetho.
buthengiswa kuyo okanye bokuselelwa kwenye indawo engeyiyo le buthengiswa kuyo evula iiyure ezingaphezulu kweziya zichazwe kwicandelo 46 ngentla apha, ziya kuthi emva kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukusukela kuloo mhla uqalisa ngawo ukusebenza lo Mthetho, nazo zilawulwe ngokwemiqathango yeli candelo 46.
umntu ongumnini welayisenisi phantsi kwemiqathango yoMthetho oyiLiquor Act okanye eyawo nawuphi na omnye uMthetho owathi watshintshwa ngalo, ezingangqubaniyo nemiqathango elapha kulo Mthetho, zithathwa ukuba yimvume okanye lulwamkelo okanye lilungelo elinikwe phantsi kwemiqathango yalo Mthetho.
ziguzuliwe apha kwiPhondo.
kwaye ke uya kuqalisa ukusebenza ngalowo mhla uya kuthi ubekwe yiNkulumbuso yePhondo ngokuwupapasha kwiGazethi yePhondo.
UShedyuli 5 kwindima engu-A kuMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika ka-1996 (uMthetho 108 ka 1996) uchaza ngokupheleleyo ukuba unikezelo lwempepha-mvume zokushishina ngotywala yindima ejongwa kuphela liSebe elilawulayo lephondo. Inkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yafumanisa ukuba iimeko ezikhoyo kushishino lotywala zivumelana nokuba kungaphunyezwa uMthetho woTywala weLizwe, ka2003 (uMthetho onombolo ingu59 ka 2003) obizwa ngokuba (nguMthetho woTywala weLizwe ka 2003) UMthetho woTywala weLizwe. ka-2003 ugunyazisa ukuba kubekho izintlu ezintathu zenkqubo kushishino lotywala eziza kuthi zibandakanye icandelo labenzi botywala (kubandakanywa necandelo labenzi botywala abasakhulayo), abo bakhupha okanye bahambise utywala kunye nabo bangabathengisi, kwaye uyakuthi ulawule icandelo laba benzi (ngaphandle kwabakwicandelo labenzi abasakhulayo) kunye nabo bakwicandelo labakhupha okanye bahambise utywala kwezoshishino, ngelo thuba iSebe elilawulayo lephondo lakube lisenawo amandla okulawula abakwicandelo labenzi abasakhulayo kunye nabo bakwicandelo lokuthengisa apha kwezoshishino.
Umthetho woTywala weLizwe uphinda urhoxise uMthetho woTywala ka-1989 (uMthetho onombolo ingu-27 ka-1989) (''Lo Mthetho ka-1989) ubusoloko ulawula ishishini lotywala phambi kokuba urhoxiswe. Umthetho woTywala weLizwe ka-2003 usawagcinile onke amandla ebesakugunyaziswa nguMthetho woTywala ka-1989 njengomthetho olawula utywala kumaphondo, ulawula amacandelo oshishino ngelixa bekungekabikho mthetho ulawulayo kumaphondo.
Bekusoloko iyinto eyamkelekileyo ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba kubekho ulawulo kushishino lotywala ngenxa yomonakalo onokwenziwa yimveliso yotywala. Ziliqela izimiselo zolawulo eziye zamiselwa kweli shishini lotywala ngaphambili oko kusenzelwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zentlala-kahle kuluntu kunye nezopolitiko njengoko kuyimfuneko efunwa ngurhulumente olawulayo. Kodwa ke, eli candelo lokuthengisa apha kushishino lotywala ubukhulu becala ibilicandelo ekungekho lulawulo kulo oko kubangelwa zimeko zangaphambili zembali, meko ezo ezaba ngunozala wocalucalulo lwabo babevinjwe amathuba ngaphambili ukuba bangayinxalenye yeli candelo limiselwe ngokusesikweni kushishino lotywala. Oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni kubekho inani elikhulu leendawo ezishishina ngotywala ngaphandle kwempepha-mvume, ndawo ezo zande ubukhulu becala kwiindawo ezihlala abantu kwaye zingalungiselelwanga oko, kuba ezi ndawo zazingacetyelwanga oku kwakunye nezinye iimfuno zolawulo lotywala. Utywala kwakhona luye lubandakanywe nezenzo zolwaphulo mthetho kumacandelo omabini, elo lilandela imigaqo emiselweyo nelo lingenayo le migaqo yoshishino lotywala, kwaye nemimiselo eyayenziwe ngaphambili yahlangabezana nentlobo-ntlobo zempumelelo.
Kuyimfuneko ukuba kulungiselelwe izimiselo zolawulo kumasebe amaphondo karhulumente njengoko kumiselwe njalo kwiziphakamiso zoMgaqo--siseko obonisa iimfuno zolwawulo kushishino lotywalo.
Lo Mthetho uYilwayo unika uxanduva kwiBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona Kapa njengesebe elizimeleyo lesigqeba esimiselwe ngokomthetho njengoko kugunyaziswa nguMthetho kaZwelonke woLawulo lweZoqoqosho ka-1999 (uMthetho onombolo ingu-1 ka-1999) uthi uxhobise ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ulawulo olungenamakhwiniba kwinkqubo yonikezelo lweempepha-mvume zotywala, ukunyanzelisa kunye nokuhlola-hlola iindawo ezingenamaphepha-mvume kwakunye nokwenza uqeqesho olusisinyanzelo kwabo bashishina ngotywala, kwakunye nokukhuthaza ezinye iintlobo zokufundisa ukuzama ukuthibaza imiphumela engamkelekanga ebangelwa lushishino lotywala.
Lo Mthetho uYilwayo uphinda kwakhona uvuselele ukuqonda kuluntu kunye nokulenza ukuba luthabathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwamaphepha-mvume kunye nokumiselwa kwemigaqo eyakuthi iqwalasele izikhalazo mayela neendawo zoshishino lotywala ezinawo amaphepha-mvume okushishina ngotywala. Izibonelelo zenziwe ukuba amaphondo akwazi ukuba yinxalenye kwinkqubo yokukhupha amaphepha-mvume oshishino lotywala oko kusenziwa ngokuthi kutyunjwe umasipala onakho ukwenza oku etyunjwa njengommeli weBhodi yoTywala ukuba abe nokunceda kwinkqubo ejongene namaphepha-mvume otywala. OoMasipala banakho ukuba bangaqeshwa njengabanegunya lokulawula babe nakho ukuseka amaqumrhu anokuthi indima yawo ibe kukunika iingcebiso kwakunye nokusombulula iyantlukwano ngelixa lenkqubo yonikezelo lwamaphepha-mvume. OoMasipala abaqeshwe njengabanegunya lokulawula ngabo abakuthi basungule iintsuku namaxesha oshishino phantsi komasipala abanegunya lolawulo kuwo, banikezele namaphepha-mvume kubathengisi abathengisa utywala besiNtu umqombothi kunye nemibhiyozo yethutyana ekhoyo, kwaye banakho kananjalo ukuba bangabhengeza ukuba iindawo ezithile eziphantsi kolawulo lwabo azivumelekanga ukuba zingaba notywala esidlangalaleni.
Unyanzeliso kwakunye nolawulo lalo Mthetho woTywala uYilwayo uqinisekisa ukuba uyakusoloko ukhona ngobukho bale nkqubo yala magosa otywala abekwe ngokusesikweni eqeshwa ephantsi kwenkonzo yamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika kwiphondo leNtshona Kapa, enamagunya namandla ongezelelweyo. Kuphuculwe amagunya okukwazi ukunyanzelisa, Ulwaphulo mthetho kunye nezohlwayo luye lwabandakanywa ukuzama ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuxhotyiswe ngokwaneleyo ukwenzela ukuba kubekho ulawulo kushishino lotywala kwabo banamaphepha-mvume kwaye kuliwe neemeko ezichasana nalo Mthetho uYilwayo.
Lo Mthetho uYilwayo wenza ukuba kubekho inani eliphunguliweyo lweendidi zentlobo zamaphepha-mvume otywala. Ezi ndidi zibandakanya amaphepha-mvume agunyazisa ukuba utywala bungaselelwa phakathi kwamasango ale ndawo kuthengiswa kuyo utywala, ukuselwa kotywalwa phakathi kwamasango okanye ngaphandle kwawo, amaphepha-mvume emibhiyozo yethutyana kunye namapheha-mvume kunye namaphepha-mvume abenzi botywala abasakhulayo. Amalungelo amashishini avenkile zithengisa ukutya zikwathengisa nangewayini asagciniwe. Izibonelelo zenziwe eziya kuba ngumlinganiselo wemiqobo yala maphepha-mvume kwakunye nokumiselwa kwemiqobo eyakuthi ijongane neemfuno ezingundoqo kushishino ngalunye olunamaphepha-mvume. Indlela yokuphonononga uqwalaselo lwezicelo yiBhodi yoTywala zidandalazisiwe kwaye zikwaquka amagunya osetyenziso lomhlaba njengemfuneko xa kunikezelwa amaphepha-mvume.
Izimiselo eziyalelayo zokunyanzelisa uqeqesho lwabathengisi ngotywala ziya kuqinisekisa ukuba abathengisi ngotywala bathengisa ngendlela efanelekileyo. Kwenziwe nezibonelelo eziza kuthi zidale ukuphaphama kuluntu ngeengozi ezithi zibangelwe kukusebenzisa utywala kakubi oko kusenziwa ngokuthi kukhutshwe izaziso zempilo kwakunye neenkqubo ezivuselela ukuphaphama. Lo Mthetho uYilwayo ukwabeka uxanduva kumagosa eBhodi yoTywala ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokucutha umonakalo owenziwa butywala ziyakhuthazwa.
Lo Mthetho uYilwayo uthi unike umkhomba ndlela wentlawulo zezicelo, iintlawulo zezicelo zonyaka kwakunye nezohlwayo eziqingqwe nguMphathiswa owongamele unikezelo lwamaphepha-mvume otywala kwiphondo leNtshona Kapa. Ezi ntlawulo zikhoyo ngoku zagqityelwa ukuphononongwa ngomnyaka ka 1992. Izimali ezizuzwe ngenxa yale nkqubo yokuhlawulelwa kwamaphepha-mvume iyakuthi ifakwe kwiNgxowa-mali enguVimba wePhondo. Icandelo loluntu eliyilwe ngulo Mthetho uYilwayo kwakunye namasebe alo kwanemisebenzi yalo iyakuthi ixhaswe ngezimali ezithunyelweyo ezivela minyaka le kuMphathiswa ojongene noku, emva kwale meko iSebe liye lahlangabezana neemfuno eziqulathwe ngulo Mthetho uYilwayo njengoko kugunyaziswa nguMthetho kaZwelonke woLawulo lweZoqoqosho ka-1999. Iindleko ezizayo eziya kuthi zibekho kuyakufanela ukuba zibandakanywe kwintelekelelo yenkcitho-mali kwakunye nolwabiwo olwenziwa liSebe elilawulayo lephondo.
Izibonelelo ziya kuthi zenziwe eziya kuxhasa iinkqubo ezifanele oko apho amanye amacandelo oluntu athe anyulwa ngokweemfuno ezigunyaziswa nguMgaqo-siseko kwakunye nemithetho ejongene noko emva kokuba kwenziwe ulumano zindlebe oluyimfuneko. Iinkqubo zoqeqesho oluyalelwayo ziyakwamkelwa liQumrhu eliliso loMgangatho weziQinisekiso zeMfundo kweli loMzantsi Afrika.kwakunye nabo babucala abangamagosa ajongene noqeqesho.
Umhlathi 1. Iinkcazelo --Lo mhlathi unika iinkcazelo zemihlathi kwakunye namagama aqulethwe kweli xwebhu lalo Mthetho uYilwayo.
Umhlathi 2. Ukusekwa kweBhodi -- Ukusoloko kukho iBhodi yoTywala eyamiselwa nguMthetho woTywala ongunombolo 27 ka 1989 oko kumiselwe kuba kwenzeke.
Umhlathi 3. Uqulunkqo lwale Bhodi -- Inani lamalungu ale Bhodi, umgangatho wabo wemfundo kwakunye nezihlalo ezikwiBhodi zichaziwe kulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 4. Inkqubo yokuqesha -- Lo mhlathi uthi unike uhlobo lwenkqubo eyakulandelwa malunga nokugxothwa okanye ukungathatyathwa kwamalungu aqeshwe kwiBhodi yoTywala oko kusenzeka mayela nokubanjwa kwawo kulwaphulo mithetho, igunya lomthetho, iminyaka, umdla welungu kushishino lwotywala okanye ilungu losapho.
Umhlathi 5. Ixesha eliya kuchithwa kwi-o.si -- ixesha eliya kuchithwa kwi-o.si yeBhodi yoTywala ngamalungu iyakuba yiminyaka emihlanu kukwavumelekile ukuba uqesho lusenokuqhubeka eminye iminyaka emihlanu xa kuyimfuneko yoko.
Umhlathi 6. Ukupheliswa kobulungu -- Ubulungu bebhodi buyakupheliswa nguMphathiswa phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Umhlathi 7. Amandla nemisebenzi yeBhodi -- Lo mhlathi ugunyazisa ukuba iBhodi inakho ukuba ingaqwalasela izicelo oko kuqulathwe ngulo Mthetho uYilwayo, ukumelwa ngokubhekiselele kwizicelo, iingxelo zamagosa, izikhalazo mayela neendawo ezinamaphepha-mvume, ukulungiswa kwemiqathango yamaphepha-mvume, izibheno mayela nezigqibo ezibhekiselele kumaphepha-mvume ezenziwa ngomasipala, nayiphina into ethunyelwe kwiBhodi okanye nayiphina into eyalelwe nguMphathiswa ukuba mayenziwe. Ikwagunyazisa kananjalo unikezelo, olunemiqathango okanye ukwala izicelo kwakunye namandla okunqumamisa, ukurhoxiswa, kwanokunizelwa kwezohlwayo kwakunye nemiqathango ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo kwakunye nezikhalazo, kwanokuchotshelwa kwezibheno. Ikwanika ilungelo kwiBhodi ukuba ikwazi ukuxhoma, ukurhoxisa okanye ilungise nawuphina umqathango kwiphepha-mvume.
Uphononongo lwezimali olusesikweni lonyaka kwakunye neengxelo ezifuneka kwiBhodi yoTywala njengoko kugunyaziswa ngulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 12. Iinkqubo zeBhodi -- Lo mhlathi unika indlela uMgcini-sihlalo anokuqhuba ngayo, ukuya ezintlanganisweni kwamalungu kwakunye nendlela yokukwazi ukufumana ulwazi.
Umhlathi 13. Iikomiti zeBhodi -- Ukuqeshwa kweekomiti zeBhodi yoTywala, inkqubo emazisebenze ngayo kwakunye nemisebenzi yazo ithi imiselwe ngulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 14. INkundla yeBhunga leziBheno--INkundla yeBhunga leziBheno yathi yasekwa kwaye nobulungu kuyo bakuthi busekwe.
Ukuvuzwa kuya kuthi kusungulwe nguMphathiswa ojongene noko kumiselwe ngulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 16. Ulawulo lwebhodi kwakunye neNkundla yeBhunga leziBheno -- Uqesho lomlawuli oyintloko kwiBhodi yoTywala, ubukho babantu bokusebenza kwakunye nolawulo lwezimali zeBhodi, uthunyelo lwabasebenzi lwethutyana olwenziwa lelo Sebe linokwenza oko kwakunye neenkqubo zolawulo zithi zimiselwe.
Umhlathi 18. Oomasipala njenge-arhente zeBhodi kwakunye namagosa anobuchwepheshe ngokubhekiselele kumaphepha-mvume -- Lo mhlathi uthi unike umkhomba-ndlela wokuqesha oomasipala njengamagosa anobuchwepheshe kwakunye nobunganga.
Umhlathi 19. Amabhunga otywala -- Lo mhlathi uthi ugunyazise ukuyilwa kwakunye nokusekwa kwamaBhunga oTywala ngabo masipala banobuchwepheshe kwaye bathe batyunjelwa oku.
Umhlathi 21. Iintlobo zamaphepha-mvume -- Lo mhlathi umisela iintlobo ezintlanu zamaphepha-mvume otywala.
Umhlathi 22. Iintlobo zeziqinisekiso -- Lo mhlathi uthi ubonelele ngeentlobo ezimbini zeziqinisekiso.
Umhlathi 23. Izimiselo zokunikezelwa kwempepha-mvume -- Lo mhlathi uthi ubonelele ngezimiselo eziya kuthi ziqwalaselwe xa kunikwa ingqwalasela kumaphepha-mvume kwakunye nakwiziqinisekiso.
Umhlathi 24. Inqanaba lemfundo yabo bafaka izicelo -- Imihlaba yokuchithwa kwamaphepha-mvume yabo benze izicelo kwakunye neziqinisekiso kumiselwe ngulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 25. Inkqubo yolawulo lwamaphepha-mvume -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele indawo apho kunokuthi kuthunyelwe kuyo izicelo zamaphepha-mvume kunye neziqinisekiso, oko kumiselwe kulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 26. Ukwazisa ngezicelo -- Izaziso ezibhekiselele kuluntu kufuneka zenziwe kwaye kusasazwe nabo bantu ezi zicelo zeziqinisekiso zotywala ziza kunikwa bona, ngabo bafaka izicelo kwakunye noomasipala okanye iBhodi yoTywala, oko kumiselwe kulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 27. Izicelo ekusafuneka zihlolwe -- Lo mhlathi ulawula inkqubo yohlolo lwezicelo malunga namaphepha-mvume.
Umhlathi 28. Umelo -- Izimiselo zenziwe ukuhlangabezana nomelo malunga namaphepha-mvume acelwayo ngabantu abafake izicelo bechaphazeleka koku kwakunye nenkqubo yolawulo enxulumene noku.
Umhlathi 29. Ugqithiso lwala maphepha ezicelo -- Ugqithiso lwezi zicelo zamaphepha-mvume kwakunye namanye amaphepha anento yokwenza nezi zicelo kumasipala athi adluliselwe kwiBhodi yoTywala, oku kumiselwe apha kulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 30. Uphononongo lwezicelo -- Lo mhlathi uthi ubonelele ngendlela emakuphononongwe ngayo izicelo yiBhodi yoTywala kwakunye nenkqubo ezingqamene noko.
Umhlathi 31. Ukwamkeleka kweendawo -- Lo mhlathi uthi uthintele ukukhutshwa kwamaphepha-mvume apho abo bafaka izicelo bengenalo ilungelo lokusebenzisa iindawo ezo zigunyazisiweyo.
Umhlathi 32. Iindawo ezingagqibekanga ukwakhiwa -- Lo mhlathi uthi uthintele ukukhutshwa kwamaphepha-mvume de kube iindawo leyo igqityiwe ukwakhiwa ukulungiselela ushishino lotywala.
Umhlathi 33. Imfundo kunye noqeqesho -- lo mhlathi uthi umisele umyalelo woqeqesho lwabo benze izicelo okanye abaqeshwa babo oko kusenziwa yiBhodi yoTywala.
Umhlathi 34. Imiqathango yokwamkeleka -- lo mhlathi uthi uvumele iBhodi yoTywala ukuba ikwazi ukwenza imiqathango yokumisa ukukhutshwa kwamaphepha-mvume.
Umhlathi 35. Unikezelo lwamaphepha-mvume kunye neziqinisekiso -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele unikezelo lwamaphepha-mvume kunye neziqinisekiso xa kuthe kwaphunyezwa izicelo.
Umhlathi 36. Ukufa okanye ukhubazeko lwalowo wenze isicelo -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele uqhubekeko lwesicelo xa kuthe kwasweleka okanye kwakhubazeka lowo obefake isicelo phambi kokuba kuqukunjelwe iziphumo zesicelo ebesenziwe.
Umhlathi 37. Imiqathango esisiseko samaphepha-mvume -- Lo mhlathi umisela ukuba utywala kunokuthi kuthengiselwe ukuba buselwe ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwamasango endawo enamaphepha-mvume, oko kusenzeka ngendlela evunyelwa luhlobo lodidi lwamaphepha-mvume kwaye ukwamisela namalungelo evenkile ezishishina ngokutya ukwenzela ukuba zibe nakho ukuthengisa iwayini eza kuthi iselelwe ngaphaya kwendawo leyo inamaphepha-mvume.
Umhlathi 38. Ukuhanjiswa okanye ukuthunyelwa kotywala -- Izimiselo mayela nokuhanjiswa okanye ukuthunyelwa kotywala kumiselwe ngulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 39. Inkqubo yoqoqosho lwezimali -- Lo mhlathi uthi uqinisekise okokuba ngulowo unelungelo lokushishina kuphela oyakuthi athengise ngotywala kwindawo evunyelwe ukuba ingakwenza oko njengoko amaphepha-mvume esalatha njalo, kunye nenguqu kuqoqosho lwezimali zamashishini anamaphepha-mvume oko kuyakufuna imvume yeBhodi yoTywala.
Umhlathi 40. Ulawulo -- Lo mhlathi uthi uqinisekise umiselo lwenkqubo kwakunye nemimiselo ethi iqinisekise ulawulo olululo lwezo ndawo zivumelekileyo okokuba zingashishina kwabo bantu bathi bahlangabezane nezimiselo eziqingqiweyo.
Umhlathi 41. Uguqulo lweendawo ezivumelekileyo--Uguqulo kwiindawo ezivumelekileyo ukuba zingashishina ngotywala okanye kuhlobo lweshishini kufuneka ukuba luphunyezwe yiBhodi yoTywala.
Umhlathi 42. Abantwana -- Lo mhlathi ulawula ukuthengiswa kotywala okanye ukunikwa kotywala kubantwana abaminyaka engaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka.
Umhlathi 43. Abaqeshi nabaqeshwa -- Intsebenziswano phakathi komqeshi kunye nomqeshwa mayela nokunikezelwa kotywala kubaqeshwa kuya kuthi kulawulwe ngulo mhlathi.
Lo mhlathi ulawula ungeno lwabantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo kwiindawo ezivumelekileyo ukwenza oko.
Umhlathi 45. Ugcino lotywa -- Lo mhlathi ulawula ugcino lotywala ngulowo unemvume yokuthengisa utywala.
Umhlathi 46. Indawo yokuthengisa utywala--Lo mhlathi uthi umisele imiqathango kwindawo yokuthengisa kwabo bavumelekileyo ukuba bangathengisa ngotywala.
Umhlathi 47. Iiyure zokuthengisa -- Lo mhlathi uthi uvumele ukuqingqwa kweeyure zokuthengisa utywala kwakunye nemithetho yemihla elawulwa ngomasipala abakhethelwe oko, oku kusenzeka phantsi kwamasolotya ezimiselo aqulathwe ngulo mhlathi kwakunye nemiqathango elawula iiyure zokuthengisa, kwakunye neentsuku zeendawo ezithile ezivumelekileyo kwiBhodi yoTywala.
Umhlathi 48. Ubungakanani botywala kunye nogcino lweengxelo -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele ugcino lweengxelo zokuthengisa ngulowo unelungelo lokuthengisa utywala, uthi uvumele kananjalo nomlinganiselo wobungakanani botywala obuvumelekileyo ukuba bungathengiswa emntwini ngosuku ngulowo unemvume yokuthengisa, kwaye ukwathintela ukuba umntu ongenamaphepha-mvume abe notywala obugqithisileyo ngaphaya komlinganiselo ovumelekileyo.
Umhlathi 49. Iziqinisekiso zemibhiyozo eyodwa -- Inkqubo mayela nezicelo zeziqinisekiso zemibhiyozo eyodwa imiselwe kulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 50. Iziqinisekiso zomqombothi wesiNtu -- Izimiselo mayela nezicelo zeziqinisekiso zomqombothi wesintu zimiselwe kulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 51. Ulwamkeleko lwamaphepha-mvume kunye neziqinisekiso -- Ixesha lolwamkeleko lwamaphepha-mvume kunye neziqinisekiso lumiselwe apha kulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 52. Uhlaziyo lwamaphepha-mvume oluzenzekelayo -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele uhlaziyo lwamaphepha-mvume oluzenzekelayo kwakunye nenkqubo ebhekiselele koku.
Umhlathi 53. Izicelo zohlaziyo -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele iimeko apho uhlaziyo lwamaphepha-mvume lungenzeki ngokuzenzekela kwaye uthi umisele inkqubo yezicelo zokuhlaziya amaphepha-mvume.
Umhlathi 55. Ukungahoywa kweendawo kunye nokufa okanye ukukhubazeka kwalowo unelungelo lokushishina -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele i-arhente zabanyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho bangawenzi umsebenzi wabo ngokufanelekileyo.
Umhlathi 56. Izibheno kwiNkundla yeBhunga leziBheno -- Inkqubo yezibheno kunye nophononongo ngokutsha kwiNkundla yeBhunga leziBheno imiselwe apha kulo mhlathi.
Umhlathi 57. Umhlathi 58. Umhlathi 59. Izaziso zokuthobela -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele umbandela wokuthotyelwa kwezaziso kwabo banamalungelo okushishina oko kusenziwa ngamagosa ajongene namaphepha-mvume kunye nenkqubo ejongene noko. Imiqathango yethutyana -- Lo mhlathi uthi uvumele ukumiselwa kwenkqubo yiBhodi yoTywala eza kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa ngabo banamalungelo okushishina xa kukho izikhalazo ezamkelekileyo eziye zafunyanwa eziya kuhlolwa yiBhodi ukuba kothatyathwa manyathelo mani mayela nazo izikhalazo ezo. Umiso lwethutyana, ukurhoxiswa kwakunye nokuphelelwa kwexesha ngamaphepha-mvume -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele ukupheliswa kwamaphepha-mvume.
Umhlathi 60. Umhlathi 61. Umhlathi 62. Umhlathi 63. Umhlathi 64. Umhlathi 65. Umhlathi 66. Uqulunqo kwakunye nemisebenzi ebekelwe amagosa otywala kwakunye nabahloli -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele ukuqeshwa kwamagosa abekelwe oko kwiSebe leNkonzo yamaPolisa eloMzantsi Afrika oko kusenziswa ngumKhomishala wamaPolisa wePhondo kwakunye nokuqeshwa kwamagosa ajongene namaphepha-mvume, oko kusenziwa nguMphathiswa ojongene noko, kuqulunqwe nentsebenziswano yawo kunye neBhodi yoTywala. Amandla ala magosa otywala kwakunye nabahloli -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele amandla kula magosa otywala atyunjiweyo kwakunye nabahloli mayela nokunyanzelisa imithetho emiselwe ukulawula abo banemvume zokushishina ngotywala. Amandla jikelele abagcini boxolo -- Amandla abagcini boxolo mayela nokunyanzeliswa komthetho njengoko oko kumele ukuba kwenziwe zezo ndawo zinamalungelo okushishina ngotywala, konke oku kuqulathwe kulo mhlathi. Amatyala -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele izimiselo malunga namatyala ngokubanzi apha kuthengiso lotywala, kunikezelo okanye ukuselwa kotywala obungeyiyo inxalenye yecandelo lalo Mthetho uYilwayo. Amatyala mayela nolwazi -- Amatyala avuselelwa ngulo mhlathi ajongene nenkqubo emayela nolwazi ngethuba kusenziwa izicelo ngokubhekiselele kulo Mthetho uYilwayo kwakunye ne-arhente ezinyanzelisa lo mthetho kwabo banamalungelo okushishina ngotywala kwakunye nabasebenzi babo. Amatyala mayela neentlanganiso zeBhodi kunye neNkundla yeBhunga leziBheno -- Amatyala athe enziwa ngulo mhlathi aqulathe oko kwenziwa ngokufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zeBhodi yoTywala kwakunye nakwiNkundla yeBhunga leziBheno.
Umhlathi 67. Iinqwelo mafutha -- Lo mhlathi uthi wenze kubekho ubutyala mayela nokuselwa kotywala kwiinqwelo mafutha eziqhutywa ezindleleni zikawonke-wonke.
Umhlathi 68. Iindawo ezithengisa ipetroli. Lo mhlathi uthi ulawule ukuthengisa, ukunika okanye ukuselwa kotywala kwiziza apho kufumaneka iindawo ezithengisa ipetroli.
Umhlathi 69Ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela le miqathango yeBhodi -- Lo mhlathi uqinisekisa ukululanyelwa konyanzeliso lwemiqathango yeBhodi yoTywala.
Umhlathi 71. Ukungabandakanywa -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele uludwe lwamacandelo athi angabandakanywa kulo Mthetho uYilwayo kwaye uthi uvumele ukumiselwa kwakhona kwabantu abangabandakanywa yiBhodi yoTywala kwakunye nenkqubo equlethwe koku.
Umhlathi 72. Ubungqina -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele inkqubo yokunizezelwa kobungqina ngendlela elula phambi kweBhodi kwanangelixa kuchotshelwe inkqubo yomthetho.
Umhlathi 73. Izaziso zempilo -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele umyalelo wokuboniswa kolwazi olumayela nezempilo kwindawo apho kuthengiswa okanye kunikezelwa ngotywala.
Umhlathi74. Izohlwayo -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele izohlwayo ezifanelekileyo ezithe zaqulunqwa ngulo Mthetho uYilwayo.
Umhlathi 75Imithetho -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele uMphathiswa onelungelo amandla aqulathwe yimithetho emayela nalo Mthetho uYilwayo.
Umhlathi 76. Izibonelelo zethutyana -- Lo mhlathi uthi uqinisekise uqhubekeko kushishino lotywala, oko kumiselwa nguMthetho woTywala ka 1989 (uMthetho onombolo engu 27 ka 1989).
Umhlathi 78Isihloko esifutshane -- Lo mhlathi uthi umisele isihloko esifutshane salo Mthetho uyilwayo kwanokuphunyezwa ngokusesikweni kwalo Mthetho uYilwayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Administrationandliquidation.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukubangaba iqumrhu, inkampani okanye iqumrhu elingavulelekanga alinako okanye aliyi kuwahlawula amatyala alo okanye lifezekise uxanduva lwalo , uMqondisi-Jikelele wezoRhwebo naMashishini angalilawula ngokwasemthethweni okanye aliphelise iqumrhu loshishino.
Iqumrhu okanye iqumrhu lokubambisa, naliphina ilungu lequmrhu okanye nawuphina omnye umntu onomnqweno, angenza isicelo kwiinkundla sokuba iqumrhu okanye iqumrhu lokubambisa lifakwe phantsi kolawulo lwasemthethweni loMqondisi-Jikele okanye lipheliswe. Inkundla emamela esi sicelo kufuneka ibelicandelo leNkundla ePhezulu okanye iNkundla kaMantyi enamandla okumisela ubulungisa kummandla iqumrhu elikuwo okanye eliqhuba kuwo iinkonzo. Nazo iinkundla zingawisa umyalelo ngolu hlobo ukubangaba ngowona myalelo ungcono okanye ufanelekileyo kule meko.
Ukubangaba inkundla iwisa umyalelo wokuba uMqondisi-Jikelele kufuneka alawule ngokusemthethweni iqumrhu okanye iqumrhu lokubambisa, uyakubanegunya lokuphatha imibandela yequmrhu okanye yequmrhu lokubambisa, phantsi kwemiqathango yoMthetho weeNkampani.
isindululo savunywa sisininzi samalungu awayekhona okanye awayemelwe kule ntlanganiso; kwaye amanyathelo athatyathiwe malunga nayo yonke imibandela ebandakanyekayo ekufanele ngokwengqiqo kujongwane nayo phambi kokucinywa kobhaliso, kubandakanywa inkqubo eyakulandelwa malunga nempahla nezinto kunye nezinto eziluxanduva lemfaneleko nezingamatyala equmrhu.
Ukubangaba inkundla igqiba ekubeni iphelise iqumrhu okanye iqumrhu lokubambisa, iyakwenza isigqibo malunga nendlela impahla nezinto zequmrhu eziyakohlulwa ngayo ngokulinganayo nangokufanelekileyo. Inkundla iyakuziqwalasela naziphina iziphakamiso ezinokuba zenziwe nguMqondisi-Jikelele malunga nokwabiwa kwempahla nezinto.
Ukubangaba uMqondisi-Jikelele okanye iqumrhu okanye iqumrhu lokubambisa, naliphina ilungu lequmrhu okanye nawuphina omnye umntu onomnqweno, wenza isicelo sokuba iqumrhu okanye iqumrhu lokubambisa lifakwe phantsi kolawulo lwasemthethweni loMqondisi-Jikelele okanye lipheliswe, UMphathiswa angamisela imigaqo ekuyakulawulwa ngayo iqumrhu okanye iqumrhu lokubambisa nguMqondisi-Jikelele okanye eliyakupheliswa ngayo. UMphathiswa angachaza namandla nemisebenzi yoMqondisi-Jikelele, iGosa loBhaliso, iqumrhu, amalungu kunye nababandakanyeki abanomnqweno kwezi meko.
Chaza izizathu zokuba kutheni inkampani okanye i-CC isenza isicelo sokucinywa kobhaliso.
Ukucinywa kobhaliso kuthabatha malunga neenyanga ezintandathu.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Adoptingafosterchild.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni kuthetha ukwamkela ukubangumlondolozi wasemthethweni womntwana wabanye abazali abamzeleyo, ngokuhambisana nemigaqo egunyazisiweyo yasemthethweni. Umntwana ohlanguliweyo ngumntwana osusiweyo kubazali bakhe waze wabekwa ngokusemthethweni phantsi konakekelo lwabazali abangabahlanguli okanye kwikhaya labantwana abahlanguliweyo.
Ngumzali wendalo womntwana ozelwe ngaphandle kwemo yomtshato.
Kufuneka ubenezinto ezaneleyo zenkxaso yokunakekela umntwana nezokuhlawulela imfundo yakhe.
Kufuneka ubengumntu onegama elihle kwaye ulungele, futhi ufaneleke ukuba kungabekwa umntwana phantsi kogcino lwakho ngokuthembekileyo.
Ukubangaba umzali wendalo womntwana ungummi waseMzantsi Afrika, kukwafuneka nawe ubengummi waseMzantsi Afrika kwaye uhlale eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukubangaba awungommi waseMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka uvumeleke ubengummi okanye ube sele wenze isicelo sobumi.
Ukwamkelwa komntwana ngokusemthethweni okubizwa ngokuba lulwamkelo oluyimfihlo, apho abazali bomntwana bangavumelekanga ukuba bazi ukuba ngoobani abazali abayakwamkela umntwana njengowabo okanye uyakuhlala phi umntwana emva kokwamkelwa kwakhe, kugqaliselwa liCandelo 18 loMthetho woNakekelo loMntwana, kwaye kungenzeka kuphela xangaba inkundla yabantwana yanelisekile ukuba oku kuyakuba lolona ncedo lungcono emntwaneni.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe lezoBulungisa neMibandela yoMgaqo-siseko.
Yiya kumabhalane wenkundla yabantwana kwisithili ekuhlala kuso umntwana.
IFom 12b, ethi, Ukwamkelwa komntwana ohlanguliweyo abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni: Ingxelo yomzali ongumhlanguli, , equlathe isitetimenti esibhaliweyo esiphuma kumzali wohlangulo womntwana esithi akanqweneli kumamkela umntwana ibengowakhe ngokusemthethweni; kunye neFom 12, apho kubandakanyeka khona, ethi, Imvume yomzali okanye yomlondolozi yolwamkelo lomntwana ibengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni , equlathe imvume ebhaliweyo yomzali yokwamkelwa komntwana ibengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni, ndawonye neFom 13, ethi, Imvume yomntwana yokuba amkelwe abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethwenm , equlathe imvume yomntwana ebhaliweyo.
Umzali ongumhlanguli onakekela umntwana, ukubangaba umzali ongumhlanguli akenzanga sicelo sokwamkela umntwana ibengowakhe ngokusemthethweni. Ukubangaba ke kodwa, umzali ongumhlanguli akaphumeleli ukunika imvume yakhe kulwamkelo lomntwana ibengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni kwisithuba senyanga enye eceliwe ukuba enze njalo lisekela lenkundla yabantwana, inkqubo yokwamkelwa komntwana ibengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni ingaqhubeka ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe eyimfuneko.
ungumzali womntwana obekwe kugcino lomzali wohlangulo ngokuhambisana neCandelo 16, okanye ungumntwana wesikolo kwikhaya labantwana okanye kwisikolo samashishini; okanye ubamba imvume yakhe ngokungenangqiqo.
Inkqubo yokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni idla ngokuthabatha ixesha elide kakhulu kwaye ingatsala gqitha ukubangaba inyewe inzima.
Xa ubuzisa ngeendleko, nxulumana nee-arhente zokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni, iinkundla zaBantwana kunye nee-ofisi zoPhuhliso lweNtlalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Alcohol_Drug_Help_line_advert_Jan_09_Xho.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Nguwe kuphela onokuwuphendula lo mbuzo, yaye isenokungabi yinto elula leyo.
Phendula le mibuzo ilandelayo ngokunyanisekileyo yaye ukuba ugqiba ekubeni uyalufuna uncedo, iziko loncedo ngomnxeba leSixeko saseKapa sikho ukunceda wena. Sikho isisombululo !
Ingaba ukhe ubusele utywala okanye usebenzise iziyobisi uwedwa?
Ingaba wakhe wazama ukuyeka okanye ukuyilawula indlela osela ngayo utywala okanye osebenzisa ngayo iziyobisi?
Ingaba usapho nabahlobo bakho bakhathazekile yindlela osela ngayo utywala okanye osebenzisa ngayo iziyobisi?
Ingaba ukhe uzive unentloni okanye unesazela ngendlela osela ngayo utywala okanye osebenzisa ngayo iziyobisi?
Ingaba indlela osela ngayo utywala okanye osebenzisa ngayo iziyobisi yenza intlalo yekhaya lakho ibe yengenalonwabo?
Ingaba umsebenzi/indlela oqhuba ngayo esikolweni ibe semngciphekweni ngenda yokusela okanye yokusebenzisa kwakho iziyobisi?
Ingaba wakhe waxoka ngendlela osele ngayo utywala okanye ngokuba usebenzise ziphi na iziyobisi?
Ingaba wakhe waba nto ithile ukuze uthenge utywala okanye iziyobisi?
Ingaba wakha wabuba utywala okanye iziyobisi?
Ingaba wakha wabanjwa ngenxa yokusela utywala okanye ngenxa yesiganeko esithile esinxulumene neziyobisi?
Ingaba into yokuthenga utywala okanye iziyobisi ukhe uyibeke phambili kuzinye iingxaki ezibalulekileyo zemali?
Ingaba wakhe waya kwagqirha okanye waneengxaki zempilo ngenxa yokusela utywala okanye ngenxa yokusebenzisa iziyobisi?
Ingaba amaxesha amaninzi uqala usele utywala okanye usebenzise iziyobisi kusasa?
Ingaba uhlala ucinga ngotywala okanye ngeziyobisi ixesha elininzi?
Ingaba uyabaphepha abantu okanye iindawo abangayithandiyo into yokusela kwakho utywala okanye yokusebenzisa iziyobisi?
Ingaba uyaqhubeka usela utywala okanye usebenzisa iziyobisi nangona oku kukwenzela izinto ezimbi?
Ingaba ukhe ucinge ukuba mhlawumbi uphambene?
Ingaba uziva ungenakho ukuphila ngaphandle kotywala okanye kweziyobisi?
Ingaba ucinga ukuba unengxaki yotywala okanye yeziyobisi?
IKapa neNtshona Koloni zezona ndawo zinelona qondo liphezulu lolutsha oluselayo (34%).
Ngokwe-avareji, iyunithi enye = 0.02 g egazini. Umlinganiselo osemthethweni ungaphantsi kwe-0.
QAPHELA: Ezi nkcukacha zikhutshwa ngenjongo yokunika isikhokelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. AmalgamatedBargainCouncil.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
AmaBhunga eeNgxoxo neZigqibo eziHlanganelweyo ajongana nezivumelwano ezihlanganelweyo, asombulula iimpikiswano zemiba yezabasebenzi, aseka izicwangciso zezikim ezithile kwaye aphawule kwimigaqo nemithetho yezabasebenzi.
Imibutho yabasebenzi kunye nemibutho yabaqashi ingenza izicelo zokuseka amabhunga eengxoxo nezigqibo ezihlanganelweyo.
Amabhunga amanyanayo eengxoxo nezigqibo ezihlanganelweyo angenza isicelo kuMphathi woBhaliso woBudlelwane beZabasebenzi kwiSebe leZabasebenzi ukuze abhalise imanyano yamabhunga eengxoxo nezigqibo ezihlanganelweyo. Naliphina ibhunga leengxoxo nezigqibo ezihlanganelweyo lingagqiba ekubeni limanyane nelinye ibhunga okanye namabhunga amaninzi eengxoxo nezigqibo ezihlanganelweyo.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
Yenza isicelo kuMphathi woBhaliso woBudlelwane beZabasebenzi ukuze ubhalise imanyano yamabhunga eengxoxo nezigqibo ezihlanganelweyo.
Isatifiketi esiphuma kwibhunga ngalinye esibonisa ukuba esi sindululo siyahambisana nemigaqo-siseko yala mabhunga.
Kungathabatha iintsuku ezingama 60 ukuze kuqhubekiswe isicelo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Annual_reports.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Iingxelo zikaRhulumente zonyaka zidweliswa ngokweminyaka.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Anonymousreporting.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ifumaneka ngalo lonke ixesha nakowuphina umntu ofuna ukuxela ngobugebenga nangezenzo zobugebenga, ngomnxeba, ngokunika inkcazelo engancedisa amapolisa ekunqandeni nasekuphandeni ubugebenga obo. Umtsali-mnxeba angangazichazi igama lakhe xa ekhetha ukwenza njalo.
Khumbula ukuba inombolo yomnxeba ethi 08600 10111 yinombolo yeNkcazelo ngoBugebenga.
Inombolo yoNgxamiseko malunga noBugebenga ithi: 10111.
Tsalela umnxeba kwinombolo ethi, 08600 10111 yokuNqanda uBugebenga lonke ixesha, yonke imihla..
Umhlanganisi wenkcazelo yokunqanda ubugebenga uyakuphendula umnxeba kwaye athathe inkcazelo efumanekayo. Ungangazichazi igama lakho xa ukhetha ukwenza njalo.
Umhlanganisi wenkcazelo uyakukunika inombolo yekhowudi eyimfihlo ukuze ubhekise kuyo kwixa elizayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. AppPermImportFishRecreational.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukulobela ulonwabo kukwenza imisebenzi emalunga nokuloba efana nokungenisa iintlanzi zolwandle zamazwe angaphandle ngenjongo yolonwabo. Ukuze ungenise intlanzi zolwandle zamazwe angaphandle ngenjongo yolonwabo , kufuneka wenze isicelo sepemithi yokungenisa iintlanzi zolwandle zamazwe angaphandle nesivunywa nguMphathiswa weSebe lokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho okanye omnye umntu onegunya lokwenza oko. Iintlanzi zamazwe angaphandle mazingathengiswa, kodwa mazisetyenziselwe injongo yokuba zityiwe okanye zisetyenziswe. Akukho mntu uya kungenisa iintlanzi zolwandle zamazwe angaphandle ngaphandle kwepemithi yokungenisa iintlanzi ngenjongo yolonwabo. Kufuneka wenze isicelo sepemithi entsha yokungenisa intlanzi zamazwe angaphandle ngenjongo yolonwabo xa leyo ibikho iphelelwe. Ukungaphumeleli ukubambelela kule miqathango yepemithi kunganeziphumo zokunqunyanyiswa okanye ukurhoxiswa kwepemithi.
IiPemithi zokungenisa iintlanzi zamazwe angaphandle ngenjongo yolonwabo ezikhutshelwa ukulungiselela ukusetyenziswa ngabantu okanye ukutyiwa ziya kuba semthethweni kangangethuba lolo hambo lokuya nokubuya kwilizwe ekuyiwa kulo.
imihla yokumka nobuyela eMzantsi Afrika igama lelizwe ekuyiwa kulo malichazwe iziko eliyi-ofisi yemida yaseMzantsi Afrika eya kusetyenziswa xa kubuyelwa eMzantsi Afrika ubungqina bedilesi yendawo yokuhlala, iinombolo zefowuni neenombolo zefeksi zaseMzantsi Afrika cacisa ukuba iintlanzi ziya kungeniswa zinjani na kweli lizwe /Zibandisiwe /njl.njl.
<fn>GOV-ZA. AppPermitExportFishCommercial.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukulobela ukurhweba kukwenza umsebenzi onxulumene nokuloba ofana nokuthumela iintlanzi zolwandle kumazwe angaphandle ngenjongo yokuzithengisa. Ukuze uthumele iintlanzi zolwandle kumazwe angaphandle okanye ngaphandle kwemida yeRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka wenze isicelo sepemithi yokuthumela kumazwe angaphandle nesivunywa nguMphathiswa weSebe leMicimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism okanye omnye umntu onegunya lokwenza oko. Akukho mntu uya kuthumela iintlanzi zolwandle kumazwe angaphandle ngaphandle kwepemithi. Xa ipemithi yokuthumela kumazwe angaphandle ebikho iphelelelwe emva kweenyanga ezintathu, kufuneka wenze isicelo sepemithi entsha. Ukungaphumeleli ukubambelela kwimiqathango yepemithi kunganeziphumo zokunqunyanyiswa okanye ukurhoxiswa kwepemithi.
Yenza isicelo sepemithi yokuthumela iintlanzi kumazwe angaphandle.
iidilesi zendawo yokuhlala zabantu abangenisa iintlanzi zamazwe angaphandle kwelo lizwe ziya kulo amagama awaziwayo nangawenzululwazi eentlobo zeentlanzi ubungakanani beentlobo eziza kuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kwimeko yaxa kukho i-arhente ebandakanyekayo, kufuneka kuqhotyoshelwe isivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela achaphazelekayo amabini kunye neekopi zezazisi zabo banelungelo lokusayina iikopi zamaxwebhu eenkcukacha-manani zokulotyiweyo kufuneka zibonelelwe kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-bigeye tuna, southern bluefin tuna, swordfish, Antarctic toothfish, ne-Patagonian toothfish ezithunyelwe phantsi kwepemithi yokuthumela kumazwe angaphandle yethuba langaphambili.
ubungqina beedilesi zendawo yokuhlala zabathengisi beentlanzi zolwandle eziza kuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle amagama awaziwayo nangawenzululwazi eentlobo zeentlanzi eziza kuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle ubungakanani beentlobo eziza kuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle.
Intlawulo yokwenza isicelo eyi- R225 iyafuneka.
Izicelo zentsusa mazithunyelwe ngeposi, ukuze ingakhutshwa ipemithi xa ungakwenzanga oko.
Inkqubo yokwenza isicelo ingathatha iintsuku ezisi-7 kwezomsebenzi okanye ngaphezulu ngokuxhomekeke ekufakweni kwesicelo ngokufanelekileyo.
Kufunwa intlawulo yokwenza isicelo eyi-R225 . Intlawulo ixhomekeke ekujongisisweni kwakhona kwa qho ngonyaka okanye ukuqinisekiswa nguMphathiswa weSebe leMicimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho okanye umntu onegunya lokwenza oko ngokusebenzisana noMphathiswa wezeMali.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Appcitnat.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Nawuphina umntu onepemethe yokuhlala isigxina eMzantsi Afrika uyavumeleka enze isicelo sobumi baseMzantsi Afrika ngokwenkqubo yokwamkelwa njengommi emva kweminyaka emihlanu engumhlali osisigxina.
Nawuphina umntu otshate ummi waseMzantsi Afrika uyavumeleka amkelwe njengommi kwiminyaka emibini emva kokuba efumene ipemethe yokuhlala isigxina ekhutshwe ngexesha lomtshato.
Umntwana oneminyaka yobudala engaphantsi kwama 21, onepemethe yokuhlala isigxina, uyavumeleka amkelwe njengommi kwamsinyane nje emva kokuba ikhutshiwe ipemethe.
Gcwalisa iifom, ezibizwa ngokuba yi BI-63 kunye ne BI-757 kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya. Yenza isicelo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukuba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Khupha ipemethe esebenzisekayo yokuhlala isigxina okanye ubungqina bokunikwa umnyenyevu wokungafunwa le pemethe.
Gcwalisa ifom ethi SAP kwaye unyathelise yonke iminwe ulungiselele isatifiketi esiphuma emapoliseni esiqinisekisa ubume obumsulwa.
Hambisa ifom egcwalisiweyo ekuthiwa yi BI-9, ihambe kunye nonyatheliso lweminwe epheleleyo kunye neefoto ezimbini ezilingana kwi-ID ukubangaba uneminyaka yobudala engaphezulu kwe15. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba ufumane i-ID emva kokuvunywa kokwamkelwa njengommi.
Umzali onoxanduva angenza isicelo egameni lomntwana ongekabinalungelo lokuzenzela izigqibo ngokusemthethweni, ukubangaba phofu lo mntwana uhlala isigxina nangokusemthethweni eMzantsi Afrika.
Abenzi-zicelo abavunyelwe izicelo zabo, bayakucelwa ukuba basayine isiBhengezo sokuZinikela nokuThobela ilizwe , kwaye bayakunikwa isatifiketi sokwamkelwa njengabemi esinenombolo engu R.
Kuyakukhutshwa incwadi yesazisi kwaye ithunyelwe kumenzi-sicelo.
Abenzi-zicelo abalelwe izicelo bayakuxelelwa ngokunjalo.
Izicelo zingathabatha iinyanga ezi 2 ukuya kwezi 4.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Appealingagainsttherefusalofregistration.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Kungenjalo, hambisa incwadi yesibheno kwiBhunga kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 30.
Incwadi kufuneka ikhatshwe yimali yentlawulo eqingqiweyo eyakuqulungqwa liBhunga.
Kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 60 ukusukela kumhla wokufunyanwa kwesibheno sakho, iBhunga liyakwenza isigqibo ngesibheno kwaye likunike izizathu zesigqibo salo.
Ukubangaba isibheno sibhekise ekwaleni kwekomiti ukuvuselela ubhaliso lomntu obhalisiweyo, ubhaliso lwakho alunakucinywa kude kugqitywe ngesibheno.
Kwiinkonzo zebhanki zobuxhakaxhaka bombane kunye needipozithi nqo: Nceda usebenzise oonobumba bokuqala bamagama akho kunye nefani yakho ukuze uchaze intlawulo yakho kwisitetimenti sethu sebhanki, uze uthumele ubungqina bentlawulo ngefeksi, buhambe kunye nephepha lokuqala lefom yakho yesicelo, kwinombolo ethi: 841 1057.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ApplicationforRegistrationofGroup1Fertilizer.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke izichumisi ezingeniswa kweli ziphuma kwamanye amazwe, ezenziwa, eziveliswa okanye ezithengiswa eMzantsi Afrika kufuneka zibhaliswe kuMphathi woBhaliso loMthetho 36 ka 1947.
Inkampani yelizwe laphesheya ayinakwenza sicelo sokubhalisa eMzantsi Afrika. Isicelo sokubhalisa izichumisi singenziwa kuphela yinkampani ebhaliswe kweli lizwe, ummi weRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, okanye iqumrhu elisemthethweni elibhaliswe eMzantsi Afrika.
izinto eziqulathwe sisichumisi esibandakanyekayo azohlukanga kweziya sele zibhalisiwe iinkcukacha kunye namagama asetyenzisiweyo avunyiweyo wemibhalo yokuphawula okuqulathiweyo okanye inkonkxa akayi kutshintshwa ngaphandle kokuba kuqale kufunyanwe imvume ebhaliweyo esuka kuMphathi woBhaliso imiqathango ebekwe ngexesha lobhaliso iyalandelwa ubhaliso olubandakanyekayo aluyi kugqithiselwa ubungakanani beebhegi neenkonkxa abunakuguqulwa ngaphandle kokuba kuqale kufunyanwe imvume ebhaliweyo esuka kuMphathi woBhaliso.
Isicelo sokubhaliswa kokutya kwemfuyo yasefama kunye nezichumisi siqulathe ezi zinto zilandelayo incwadi yangaphezulu esuka kumntu obhalisileyo okanye ummeli otyunjiweyo.
igama lemveliso inombolo yobhaliso ukubangaba imveliso seyibhalisiwe isizathu sokufaka isicelo iincwadi zokuvuma ukubangaba kufuneka imvume ephuma kumntu obhalisileyo intlawulo yesicelo echanekileyo iitshekhi ezithunyelwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwisicelo mazikhatshwe yincwadi echazayo iphepha loqulungqo.
Umntu otyunjwe ngokwasemthethweni, ekufuneka ngokukhethekayo abengumntu wonxulumano loMphathi woBhaliso kwinkampani, makasayine iifom zesicelo.
Igama nenombolo yobhaliso yemveliso mayisetyenziswe njengoko kungqaliwe kwisatifiketi sobhaliso. Naluphina utshintsho kwigama, nokuba luncinane kangakanani na, luyakuthathwa ngokuba sisilungiso.
Thumela isicelo sakho kunye nentlawulo kuMphathi woBhaliso lomThetho 36 ka 1947.
Ubhaliso lwezichumisi lungathabatha iinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforabusinesspermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yeshishini yipemethe enikwa umntu welizwe langaphandle ojonge ukuseka okanye ukutyala imali kwishishini eMzantsi Afrika. Yenza isicelo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika, kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika okanye kwi-ofisi yezeKhaya ekufuphi kwindawo ozakuseka kuyo ishishini.
ubenemali eyikhetshi esisiseko sobuncinane obuyi R2,5 million okanye okungenani imali eyikhetshi eyi R2 million kunye negalelo lobutyebi onabo obuxabisa iR500 000. Le mali ichazwe ngasentla kufuneka ivele kwilizwe langaphandle kwaye kufuneka ifumaneke njengenxenye yexabiso lempahla elibhalwe kwiincwadi zeshishini isicwangciso seshishini esibonisa ukuba ishishini linako ukufezekiseka ngokulula, kwixesha elifutshane nakwixesha elide ubungqina besibhengezo sesithembiso sokuba okungenani abemi okanye abahlali abasisigxina abahlanu bayakuqashwa isigxina isibhengezo sesithembiso sokubhalisa kwi-South African Revenue Service isatifiketi esiphuma emapoliseni esiqinisekisa ubume obumsulwa, esivela kuwo onke amazwe oke wena nomlingane wakho nahlala kuwo ukusukela kwiminyaka yobudala eli 18 nezabo bonke abantwana abaxhomekeke kuwe abaneminyaka yobudala eli 18 okanye nangaphezulu abazakubanawe ngelilixa ukweli lizwe isatifiketi sokugonyelwa i-yellow fever ukubangaba uhamba okanye ujonge ukuhamba ukusuka okanye ukunqumla kummandla othandwa yi-yellow fever idipozithi yeenjongo zokubuyiselwa kwilizwe ovela kulo exabisa itikiti elinye lokuya nokubuya ngenqwelomoya kwilizwe ovela kulo okanye ohlala kulo isigxina: Loo dipozithi iyakubuyiswa emva kokumka kwakho umphelo okanye emva kokuba unikwe ipemethe. Idipozithi ingahlawulwa ngetshekhi eqinisekiswe yibhanki okanye ngekhadi lemboleko yekhredithi kwindawo eneziko elilungiselelwe loo ndlela yokuhlawula iingxelo zonyango neze-eksreyi zomenzi-sicelo ngamnye. Abantwana abaneminyaka yobudala engaphantsi kwe 12 kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abayikufuneka ukuba babeneengxelo ze-eksreyi.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforachildpassport.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipaspoti yomntwana yincwadi efunekayo ukuze umntwana ahambele kwelinye ilizwe. Ipaspoti yomntwana ikhutshelwa abantwana baseMzantsi Afrika abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli 16 ubudala. Iyasebenza kuwo wonke amazwe ahanjelwayo, ngaphandle kokuba kugunyaziswe ngolunye uhlobo. Isebenza iminyaka emi 5 ukusukela kumhla wokukhutshwa kwayo.
Hambisa isatifiketi sokuzalwa somntwana.
Khupha iifoto zomntwana ezimbini zepaspoti, zakutshanje.
Kufuneka imvume yabazali bobabini okanye abalondolozi phambi kokuba umntwana anikwe ipaspoti.
Khupha isatifiketi sokubhubha ukubangaba omnye wabazali akasekho.
Phantsi kweemeko ezithile xa kungakwazeki ukuba loo mzali anike imvume kwifom yesicelo, makufunyanwe imvume ebhalwe encwadini kulo mzali ungekhoyo.
Kwiimeko apho umzali alayo ukunika imvume, inkundla ejongene nemibandela elolu hlobo, mayenze isigqibo ngalo mba. Ikopi yomyalelo obandakanyekayo wenkundla mayihanjiswe nale fom yesicelo sepaspoti.
Ukubangaba abazali baqhawule umtshato , kufuneka imvume yabo bobabini abazali, ngaphandle kokuba umyalelo wenkundla uchaza ngenye indlela.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforacrewpermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yokusebenza enqanaweni inikwa umntu welizwe langaphandle ongomnye wabasebenzi basenqanaweni. Ipemethe yokusebenza enqanaweni ikhutshelwa ithuba elingagqithiyo kwiinyanga ezintathu ngexesha. Izicelo zingenziwa kwisango lokungena eMzantsi Afrika.
Hambisa ipaspoti esebenzisekayo.
Veza incwadi yesicelo esuka kumnikazi wenqanawa, kwaye ibandakanye isibhengezo sesithembiso sokuthabatha uxanduva lokuhambisana kwaloo mntu noMthetho wokuNgena eLizweni.
Hambisa ubungqina bokubanako ngokwaneleyo komnikazi wenqanawa ngokuphathelelene nemali yokujongana neemfuno zemihla ngemihla kunye neendleko zonyango.
Hlawula idipozithi ukubangaba oko kubonwe kuyimfuneko liSebe lezeKhaya, ukuze uqinisekise ukuhambisana neemeko nemiqathango yepemethe yokusebenza enqanaweni. Loo dipozithi iyakubuyiselwa kuwe emva kokuba umke umphelo okanye emva kokuba unikwe ipemethe. Intlawulo yedipozithi ingenziwa ngetshekhi eqinisekiswe yibhanki okanye ngekhadi lemboleko yekhredithi kwindawo eneziko elilungiselelwe loo ndlela yokuhlawula.
Hambisa ubungqina bentlawulo ebingekakhutshwa yayo nayiphina intlawuliso yesohlwayo esiwiselwe isithuthi.
Izicelo zithabatha ixesha elingagqithanga kwiintsuku ezingama 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforageneralquotaworkpermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yokusebenza yenani eliqingqiweyo ngokubanzi inikwa umntu welizwe langaphandle ukubangaba loo mntu uwela phantsi kwecandelo ekugqitywe ngalo liSebe lezeKhaya qho ngonyaka, ngesaziso kwiGazethi kaRhulumente, emva kokubonisana noMphathiswa wezoRhwebo naMashishini kunye noMphathiswa weZabasebenzi. Inani leepemethe zelo candela akufanelanga lidlule inani eliqingqiweyo eliqulungqwe sisaziso.
ukuba awuyikuqeshwa phantsi kweemeko nemiqathango engaphantsi kwaleyo inikwa abemi okanye abahlali inkcazelo ngezinto oyakuzenza kumsebenzi wakho ukuba lo msebenzi uwela phantsi kwecandelo elifanelekileyo eliqulungqwe nguMphathiswa ukuba sikho esi sithuba kwaye siyakugcwaliswa nguwe ukuba unazo iikhwalifikheyshini ezisemthethweni eziyimfuneko ukuze wenze imisebenzi efuneka kwinkcazelo yezinto ozakuzenza kulo msebenzi.
Hambisa isibhengezo sokuzinikela komqashi ekubeni ahlawule imali yoqeqesho eziipesenti ezimbini..
Veza ubungqina bobhaliso kwiqumrhu lobuchule boqeqesho okanye kwibhodi yobuchule boqeqesho, ukubangaba oko kuyabandakanyeka.
Le nkonzo ithabatha ixesha elingagqithanga kwiintsuku ezingama 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforamarriagecertificate.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Isatifiketi somtshato sibubungqina bokuba utshatile. Umtshato kufuneka uqhutywe kukho aba bantu batshatayo, amangqina amabini aphethe iincwadi zawo zezazisi kunye negosa lokutshatisa.
Aba bantu babini batshatayo, amangqina amabini kunye negosa lokutshatisa kufuneka basayine iNcwadi yokuBhalisa uMtshato kwangoko emva kokuba umtshato ugunyazisiwe.
Ungenza isicelo sokuvunywa kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo kummandla ohlala kuwo ukubangaba abazali bakho kunye noMkomishinari bayala okanye uMkomishinari uyala ukuvuma umtshato.
Abantu ababhujelweyo abafuna ukuphinda batshate kufuneka baveze isatifiketi sokubhubha somlingane ongasekhoyo. Mabathi thaca i-affidavit ukubangaba asifumaneki isatifiketi sokubhubha. I-affidavit kufuneka ingqine igama lomlingane obhubhileyo kunye nomhla wokubhubha.
Isatifiketi somtshato esifinyeziweyo: Sikhutshwa kwangoko.
Isatifiketi esingafinyezwanga: Izicelo zingathabatha iiveki ezi 6 ukuya kwezisi 8.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforamedicaltreatmentworkpermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yokufumana unyango inikwa umntu welizwe langaphandle oneenjongo zokufumana unyango eMzantsi Afrika. Loo pemethe yonyango ihlala isebenziseka iinyanga eziphelela kwisithandathu ngexesha. Yenza isicelo sepemethe yotshintshiselwano kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika elikufuphi kuwe.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ebizwa ngokuba yi BI-1738.
Hambisa ipaspoti yakho ekufuneka ibe iyasebenziseka iintsuku ezingekho ngaphantsi kwama 30 emva kokuphelelwa kotyelelo olucetywayo.
Hambisa ubungqina bokubanako ngokwemali ukuze umelane nezidingo zemihla ngemihla zabo bonke abantu abakhapha umntu onepemethe yonyango , ngokwezitetimenti, iimpepha ezibonisa umvuzo, ukuba zikhona, okanye iitshekhi zabahambi.
Hambisa incwadi evela kwingcaphephe yezonyango okanye kwiziko lezonyango, ebonisa izizathu okanye imfuneko yonyango, ixesha ekulindeleke ukuba lithatyathwe lunyango kunye neenkcukacha zezicwangciso zokunyangwa eMzantsi Afrika.
Nika iinkcukacha zomntu okanye zeziko elinoxanduva lokuhlawula iindleko zonyango kunye neemali zasesibhedlele zomntu onepemethe, ukuba zikhona. Hambisa ubungqina bokubanako ngokwemali okanye besicwangciso soncediso lonyango ukubangaba i-medical scheme okanye umqashi akayikuba noxanduva lokuhlawula iindleko.
isatifiketi sokugonywa, ukuba oko kuyabandakanyeka.
Izicelo zingathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiintsuku ezingama 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforanexceptionalskillsworkpermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yokusebenza yezakhono ezikhetheke zodwa inikwa umntu welizwe langaphandle onezakhono okanye iikhwalifikheyshini ezikhetheke zodwa. Inganikwa namalungu efemeli esondele nqo kuloo mntu. Izicelo zingenziwa kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-1738.
Ipaspoti kufuneka ibe iyasebenziseka ithuba elingekho ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama 30 emva kokuphelelwa kotyelelo olucetywayo.
Thumela i-curriculum vitae ephangaleleyo ekhatshwa yingxelo yobungqina obuvela kubaqashi owake wabasebenzela.
Ubungqina bokubanako ngokwemali, ngohlobo lwezitetimenti zebhanki, iincwadi ezibonisa umvuzo, isibhengezo sesithembiso esenziwe liziko oza kulo okanye izibhengezo zezithembiso ezenziwe ngamaziko oza kuwo, eMzantsi Afrika, iibhasari, izicwangciso zonyango, okanye imali ekhoyo, kubandakanywa amakhadi emboleko yekhredithi okanye iitshekhi zomhambi, eyakujongana neendleko ezicingelwayo zentlalo nokuphila ngexesha lokuhlala eMzantsi Afrika.
Isatifiketi sokugonywa, ukubangaba siyimfuneko.
Veza incwadi ephuma kwiziko lombuso welizwe langaphandle okanye waseMzantsi Afrika okanye ephuma kwiqumrhu elimiyo laseMzantsi Afrika lezemfundo, lenkcubeko okanye lezoshishino, engqina izakhono okanye iikhwalifikheyshini zakho ezikhetheke zodwa.
Veza nabuphina obunye ubungqina bokuvokothekisa izakhono okanye iikhwalifikheyshini ezikhetheke zodwa, obufana nemipapasho kunye neengxelo zobungqina.
Cela umntu ozakubangumqashi wakho agcwalise icandelo 13 , , kunye no le BI-1738.
Le nkonzo ithabatha ixesha elingagqithiyo kwiintsuku ezingama 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforanintracompanytransferworkpermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yokutshintshelwa kwinkampani enxulumeneyo ikhutshelwa umntu welizwe langaphandle otshintshelwa yinkampani yakhe ukuze ayokusebenza kwinkampani enxulumene naleyo eMzantsi Afrika. Ixesha elithatyathwa yile pemethe yokusebenza yokutshintshelwa kwinkampani enxulumeneyo aligqithi kwiminyaka emibini. Izicelo zingenziwa kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-1738.
Veza incwadi ephuma kwinkampani yehlabathi engqina ukuba uzakutshintshelwa kwibhrentshi eseMzantsi Afrika okanye uzakunxulumaniswa nenkampani yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Veza incwadi ephuma kwinkampani yaseMzantsi Afrika engqina olu tshintshelo lusuka kwinkampani eyintloko okanye enonxulumano, ekwilizwe langaphandle, kwaye echaza umsebenzi ozakuwenza kunye nesikhundla ozakuqeshwa kuso.
Cela umntu ozakubangumqashi wakho agcwalise icandelo 13 , , no le BI-1738.
Hambisa isiqinisekiso esenziwe ngumgcini nomhloli wee-akhawunti zemali olilungu lequmrhu labagcini nabahloli bee-akhawunti zemali, omele indawo yomqashi, esichaza imfuneko yokukuqasha kwaye esibonisa inkcazelo yezinto ozakuzenza kumsebenzi wakho.
Hambisa isiqinisekiso esenziwe ngumgcini nomhloli wee-akhawunti zemali olilungu lequmrhu labagcini nabahloli bee-akhawunti zemali, esichaza ukuba awuyikuqashwa phantsi kweemeko nemiqathango engaphantsi kwaleyo ibandakanyeka kubemi nabahlali, futhi sichaze ukuba unazo iikhwalifikheyshini ezisemthethweni ezifuneka kulo msebenzi.
Veza ubungqina bobhaliso kwiqumrhu lobuchule boqeqesho okanye kwibhodi yobuchule boqeqesho, ukubangaba oko kuyabandakanyeka.
Le nkonzo ithabatha ixesha elingagqithanga kwiintsuku ezingama 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforapermanentresidencepermitspouses.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo isebenziseka kumntu welizwe langaphandle onobudlelwane bobulingane obusisigxina nommi okanye umhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-947 kunye ne BI-29.
Nabo ubudlelwane bobomi besigxina obuphakathi koogxa besini esinye nabezini ezahlukeneyo, bukwavumeleka, kodwa, endaweni yesatifiketi somtshato, abo gxa kufuneka ukuba bavokothekise ubizo lwabo lokuhlalisana kunye nokuxhasana kwabo ubuqu nangokwemali, ngokuthumela incwadi ebhaliweyo nefungelweyo.
Ukuze iSebe lezeKhaya linike ipemethe yokuhlala isigxina kumlingane welizwe langaphandle wommi okanye womhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika, eli Sebe kufuneka laneliseke ukuba bukho ubudlelwane bobulingane obusekwe ngentembeko nangenene.
Ipemethe yokuhlala isigxina ikhutshwa phantsi komqathango wokuba, iyakuphelelwa, ukubangaba kwisithuba seminyaka emibini ukusukela kumhla wokukhutshwa kwepemethe, ubudlelwane abusaqhubeki, ngaphandle kokuba imeko yeyokubhubha.
Ngugxa womtshato welizwe langaphandle, omnye kuphela ongenza isicelo sobume ngenxa yokuba etshate ummi okanye umhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika.
Kufuneka ube utshate nommi okanye umhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika ngokomthetho wentlalo yabemi okanye ngokomthetho wesiko lesiqhelo isithuba seminyaka emihlanu.
Izicelo zingenziwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya okanye kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforapermitapplicantsover21.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umntu welizwe langaphandle ongumntwana wabemi baseMzantsi Afrika kwaye ongaphezulu kwama 21 eminyaka yobudala, angenza isicelo sepemethe yokuhlala isigxina.
Le nkonzo ikakhulu ilungiselelwe abantwana babazali abafumana ubumi ngokwamkelwa njengabemi emva kokuhlala ixesha elithile. Abantwana babemi baseMzantsi Afrika abangabemi ngokuzalwa nangokomnombo bayavumeleka kubumi baseMzantsi Afrika, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokuba benze izicelo zobume bokuhlala isigxina.
Izicelo zingenziwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya okanye kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Hambisa isatifiketi sokuzalwa.
Abazali bakho bangafuneka ukuba bathi thaca isibhengezo sesithembiso sokuncedisa ngemali, kuyaxhomekeka kubume bakho bokubanako ngokwemali.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforapermitchildofcitizen.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Eli candela lisebenziseka kumntu welizwe langaphandle ongaphantsi kwama 21 eminyaka yobudala kwaye ongumntwana wommi okanye womhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika. Ipemethe yokuhlala isigxina ikhutshwa phantsi komqathango wokuba iyakuphelelwa kukusebenza emva kweminyaka emibini ukusukela kumhla wemini yosuku lwakho lokuzalwa leminyaka yobudala engama 21 , ngaphandle kokuba kwenziwe isicelo sokungqina ubume bakho bokuhlala.
Izicelo zingenziwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya okanye kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-947 kunye ne BI-29.
Abazali bafuneka ukuba bahambise ubungqina bobumi babo okanye bobume bokuhlala isigxina eMzantsi Afrika, ngokukhupha iincwadi zezazisi okanye iipemethe zokuhlala isigxina.
Ukuze ungqine ubuzali, hambisa isatifiketi sokuzalwa somntwana.
Abazali kufuneka bathi thaca isibhengezo sesithembiso senkxaso yemali.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforapermitfamilyreunionscheme.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo isebenziseka kumntu ozakubangumhlali wesigxina onqwenela ukwenza isicelo sokuhlala isigxina ngenxa yokuba eyifemeli yommi okanye yomhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuzalana. Ngeenjongo zokuhlala isigxina, amalungu efemeli akwinqanaba lokuqala lokuzalana amiselwa njengamalungu enzalelwane kunye nabantwana abamkelwe ngabantu abangabazelanga njengababo ngokwasemthethweni okanye abazali abamkele abantwana abangabazelanga njengababo ngokwasemthethweni kunye nabazali bomnye umtshato.
Izicelo zingenziwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya okanye kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Ummi okanye umhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika makahambise isibhengezo sesithembiso malunga noxanduva lwezemali, unyango kunye nesiqu somenzi-sicelo. Kodwa ke, xa isihlobo ingumzali womntwana ongekabinalungelo lokuzithabathela izigqibo ngokwasemthethweni, akukho mfuneko yesibhengezo sesithembiso.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforapermitownbusiness.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
DeLe nkonzo isebenziseka kumntu welizwe langaphandle ojonge ukuseka ishishini eMzantsi Afrika; okanye osele enepemethe yeshishini ukuze aqhube ishishini kweli lizwe; okanye ojonge ukutyala imali kwishishini esele likhona kweli lizwe.
Izicelo zingathunyelwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya kwiphondo ojonge ukuqhubela kulo ishishini. Yenza isicelo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Umgcini nomhloli wee-akhawunti zemali olilungu lequmrhu labagcini nabahloli bee-akhawunti zemali , omele indawo yakho, kufuneka ahambise uqinisekiso lokuba igalelo lemali emiselweyo kwixabiso lempahla nezinto elikwiincwadi zeshishini, lityaliwe. Igalelo lemali emiselweyo liyi R2,5 million kwaye lingabekelwa bucala okanye lincitshiswe kuphela xangaba oko kuthathwa ngokuba kungumnqweno welizwe okanye xangaba oko kucelwe liSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Bakube ubume bokuhlala isigxina bufunyenwe, kuyakufuneka ukuba uvuselele uqinisekiso olwenziwe ngumgcini nomhloli wee-akhawunti zemali olilungu labagcini nabahloli bee-akhawunti zemali, kwiminyaka emibini emva komhla wokukhutshwa kwepemethe yokuhlala isigxina, uphinde kwakhona kwiminyaka emithathu emva koko. Ukungaphumeleli ukuhambisana nalo mqathango kungakhokelela ekubeni ipemethe yokuhlala isigxina iphelelwe kukusebenza.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforapermitretiredpersons.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ilungiselelwe umntu welizwe langaphandle onqwenela ukudlela umhlalaphantsi eMzantsi Afrika. Akukho siqingqo esingqalileyo seminyaka yobudala. Izicelo zingenziwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya okanye kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukuba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Kufuneka unike ubungqina kwiSebe lezeKhaya bokuba unelungelo kwipenshele, kwimali esisigxina nengenakuguqulwa ehlawulwa qho ngonyaka, okanye kwi-akhawunti yomhlalaphantsi, eyakukunika imali ebekiweyo esisiseko sobuncinane obuyi R20 000 ngenyanga.
Kungenjalo, kufuneka unike ubungqina kwiSebe lezeKhaya bokuba unomdibaniso weempahla nezinto ezinexabiso elifikelela kwingeniso-mali eyi R20 000.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforapermitworker.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ilungiselelwe umntu welizwe langaphandle onqwenela ukwenza isicelo sobume bokuhlala isigxina ngenxa yokuba enikwe ingqesho esisigxina eMzantsi Afrika. Esi sicelo kufuneka sibe ngaphakathi kweziqingqo zangonyaka ezibekwa kumaxesha ngamaxesha.
Izicelo zingenziwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya kwiphondo ojonge ukusebenza kulo okanye kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-947 kunye ne BI-29E.
bokuba zange kubekho bemi baseMzantsi Afrika okanye abahlali abasisigxina abaneekhwalifikheyshini ezifanelekileyo ukuze bangene kweso sikhundla.
Department of Labour , kufuneka liqinisekise ukuba iimeko nemiqathango yokunikwa le ngqesho ayikho ngaphantsi kwaleyo ikhoyo kwicandelo lemarike engqameneyo yabemi nabahlali. Ngokwenza njalo, iSebe leZabasebenzi lifuneka ukuba lithathele ingqalelo izivumelwano zeengxoxo ezihlanganelweyo kunye neminye imigangatho ebandakanyekayo.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforaretiredpersonpermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yomntu odla umhlalaphantsi inikwa umntu welizwe langaphandle ojonge ukudlela umhlalaphantsi eMzantsi Afrika.
Veza ubungqina bengeniso-mali esisiseko sobuncinane obuyi R25 000 ngenyanga ephuma kwingxowa-mali yepenshele okanye kwimali yonyaka yomhlalaphantsi engaguqulwayo okanye kwisixa esisesakho nqo esixabisa imali engekho ngaphantsi kwe R15 million.
Xa unqwenela ukusebenza, hambisa inkcazelo yokuba akukho mmi okanye mhlali waseMzantsi Afrika ofumanekayo ukuze athabathe loo msebenzi wenza isicelo sawo.
Veza ikhontrakthi yengqesho yeziko ozakulisebenzela kwaye ikhatshwe zizo zonke iinkcukacha malunga nelo ziko.
Hambisa isatifiketi sokugonyelwa i-yellow fever ukubangaba uhambe okanye ujonge ukusuka okanye ukunqumla nqo kummandla othandwa yi-yellow fever. Esi satifiketi asiyi kufuneka xa uhambe okanye ujonge ukugqitha nqo kuloo mmandla okanye xa isicelo senziwe eMzantsi Afrika.
Hlawula idipozithi. Loo dipozithi ayiyikubuyiselwa kumntu oyifakileyo emva kokumka kwakho umphelo okanye emva kokuba unikwe ipemethe. Intlawulo yedipozithi ingenziwa ngetshekhi eqinisekiswe yibhanki okanye ngekhadi lemboleko yekhredithi kwindawo eneziko elilungiselelwe loo ndlela yokuhlawula.
Veza isatifiketi esiphuma emapoliseni esiqinisekisa ubume obumsulwa, ndawonye nengxelo yonyango neye-eksreyi. Akuyomfuneko ukuba abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli 12 yobudala kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukuba bakhuphe ingxelo ye-eksreyi.
Le nkonzo ithabatha ixesha elingagqithiyo kwiintsuku ezingama 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforastudentexchangepermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Yenza isicelo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika.
engqina ukuba eli ziko liyakuthabatha uxanduva olupheleleyo malunga nalo mfundi ngelixa ekwiRiphabhlikhi kwaye umfundi wamkelelwe ukuba abhaliswe.
engqina umhla eyakuqala ngawo le nkqubo eMzantsi Afrika.
Izicelo zingathabatha iintsuku ezingama 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforasylum.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Isicelo sokukhuselwa ngumbuso sisicelo somenzi-sicelo sokuba avunywe njengembacu.
Umntu ocela ukukhuselwa ngumbuso ngumntu obaleke elizweni lakhe lemvelaphi ngenxa yokoyika ukungcungcuthekiswa , kwaye ocela ukuvunywa njengembacu - kule meko ke eMzantsi Afrika. Umenzi-sicelo uhlala engumntu ocela ukuvunywa njengembacu ngelilixa isicelo sakhe sisaqwalaselwayo.
Umntu ocela ukuvunywa njengembacu unikwa ipemethe yethutyana yokukhuselwa ngumbuso engavuselelwayo, kwisango lokungena eMzantsi Afrika . Le pemethe isebenziseka iintsuku ezili 14 kwaye igunyazisa umntu onayo ukuba ayokuzixela kwi-Ofisi yoKwamkela iiMbacu, ekuthiwa yi-Refugee Reception Office , ukuze enze isicelo sokukhuselwa ngumbuso.
Imbacu ngumntu onikwe ubume bokukhuselwa ngokoMthetho weeMbacu.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya Department of Home Affairs.
Udliwano-ndlebe lokuqala luqhutywa liGosa loKwamkela iiMbacu kwaye kugcwaliswa ifom ekuthiwa yi BI-1590.
Ipemethe yomntu ocela ukukhuselwa ngumbuso iyashicilelwa, isayinwe, igximfizwe isitampu kwaye inikwe umntu ocela ukukhuselwa ngumbuso.
Le pemethe, esebenziseka iintsuku ezingama 30, iyakuvumela umntu ocela ukukhuselwa ngumbuso ukuba ahlale eMzantsi Afrika ixeshana elifutshane. Le pemethe ingongezelwa ixesha lokusebenziseka leentsuku ezingama 30, ize iphinde yongezelwe elinye ixesha leenyanga ezintathu.
Phambi kokuphelelwa kwepemethe yokucela ukukhuselwa ngumbuso, umntu ocela ukukhuselwa ngumbuso, kufuneka axelele iGosa loKwamkela iiMbacu ukuze angenele udliwano-ndlebe lwesibini, oluqhutywa liGosa lokuQulungqa uBume beeMbacu elibizwa ngokuba yi-Refugee Status Determination Officer.
IGosa lokuQulungqa uBume beeMbacu liyaqhubeka ngokulamla kule nyewe yesicelo kwaye lithabatha isigqibo malunga nesicelo sokukhuselwa ngumbuso.
Ukubangaba sivunyiwe isicelo sokukhuselwa ngumbuso, , imbacu kufuneka yenze isicelo sekhadi le-ID yeembacu, elinobuxhakaxhaka beenkcukacha, kuyo nayiphina i-Ofisi yoKwamkela iiMbacu kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 15.
Emva kokunikwa eli khadi, imbacu ingenza isicelo soMqulu wokuNdwendwela weSivumelwano seZizwe eZimanyeneyo, ekuthiwa yi-United Nations Convention Travel Document kuyo nayiphina i-Ofisi yoKwamkela iiMbacu.
Ubume bobumbacu buhlala iminyaka emibini, kodwa imbacu kufuneka ibhale incwadi icele ukuqwalaselwa ngokutsha kobume bobumbacu okanye ukongezelelwa kwexesha lokusebenziseka kobume bobumbacu, kwiinyanga ezintathu phambi kokuba obo bume bobumbacu buphelelwe.
Izicelo zingathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforasylumseekerspermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Isicelo sokukhuselwa ngumbuso sisicelo somenzi-sicelo sokuba avunywe njengembacu.
Umntu ocela ukukhuselwa ngumbuso ngumntu obaleke elizweni lakhe lemvelaphi ngenxa yokoyika ukungcungcuthekiswa , kwaye ocela ukuvunywa njengembacu - kule meko ke eMzantsi Afrika. Umenzi-sicelo uhlala engumntu ocela ukuvunywa njengembacu ngelilixa isicelo sakhe sisaqwalaselwayo.
Imbacu ngumntu onikwe ubume bokukhuselwa ngokoMthetho weeMbacu.
umenzi-sicelo uqale aphononongwe imeko yakhe umenzi-sicelo unyatheliswa iminwe kuziswa itoliki.
Ipemethe yomntu ocela ukukhuselwa ngumbuso iyashicilelwa, isayinwe, igximfizwe isitampu kwaye inikwe umntu ocela ukukhuselwa ngumbuso.
IGosa lokuQulungqa uBume beeMbacu liyaqhubeka ngokulamla kule nyewe yesicelo kwaye lithabatha isigqibo malunga nesicelo sokukhuselwa ngumbuso.
Ubume bobumbacu buhlala iminyaka emibini, kodwa imbacu kufuneka ibhale incwadi icele ukuqwalaselwa ngokutsha kobume bobumbacu okanye ukongezelelwa kwexesha lokusebenziseka kobume bobumbacu, kwiinyanga ezintathu phambi kokuba obo bume bobumbacu buphelelwe.
Izicelo zingathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforavisa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
I-visa luphawu olugunyazisiweyo olubekwa kwipaspoti esebenzisekayo yomntu welizwe langaphandle, olunika loo mntu welizwe langaphandle igunya lokungena eMzantsi Afrika.
kwenziwe isicelo sayo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika ekufuphi okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika elikufuphi, ukubangaba uMzantsi Afrika awumelwanga elizweni lakho. Oku kuyabandakanyeka nakubantu abaneepaspoti zozakuzelwano lwamazwe nezigunyazisiweyo abafuna iipemethe zozakuzelwano phakathi kwamazwe.
Le nkonzo ithabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiintsuku ezili 10.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforchangeofgender.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Abemi baseMzantsi Afrika okanye abantu abanemvume yokuhlala isigxina kweli lizwe ababekwinkqubo yokuguqula isini phambi kokuba uMthetho wokuBhaliswa kokuZalwa nokuBhubha , uqalise ukusebenza, bangenza izicelo zokuguqula izini zabo.
Kwimeko yomntu oguqulelwe amalungu esini ngoqhaqho okanye ngonyango, hambisa iingxelo ezichaza uhlobo kunye neziphumo zayo nayiphina inkqubo eyenziweyo kunye naluphina unyango olwenziwe okanye olulungiswe ziingcaphephe zonyango eziqhube lo msebenzi okanye ezifake unyango.
Kuzo zonke iimeko, nika ingxelo ekhapha isicelo, echaza imbonakalo yesini somenzi-sicelo xakungoku. Le ngxelo kufuneka iqulungqwe yingcaphephe yezonyango exilonge umenzi-sicelo ukuze kuqondwe imbonakalo yakhe ngokwesini.
Khupha ingxelo esuka kugqirha wezifo zengqondo odlene iindlebe zokucebisa umenzi-sicelo, enika iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zale meko, ngakumbi imbali yayo kunye nobume bengqondo balo mntu ngokuphathelelene nolu guqulo lwesini.
Ukubangaba umenzi-sicelo uneminyaka yobudala eli 16 okanye nangaphezulu, kufuneka kwenziwe isicelo sencwadi yesazisi entsha.
Le nkonzo ingathabatha iiveki ezisi 8.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationfordualnationality.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ummi waseMzantsi Afrika ofuna ukubangummi welinye ilizwe kufanele enze isicelo kwiSebe lezeKhaya ukuze agcine ubumi bakhe baseMzantsi Afrika phambi kokuba afumane ubumi belinye ilizwe. Ubuzwe okanye ubumi bamazwe amabini buthetha ukuba lo mntu uthathwa ngokuba ungummi wawo omabini la mazwe.
Ubumi bamazwe amabini bunikwa abantu abaneminyaka yobudala engaphezulu kwama 21.
Yenza isicelo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukuba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Gcwalisa iifom zesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-1664 kunye ne BI-529 kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya.
Khupha incwadi yesazisi esebenzisekayo.
Isicelo singathabatha iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforexemptionfromlossofcitizenship.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Lo mnyenyevu wenza ukuba abemi baseMzantsi Afrika babengabemi belinye ilizwe ngaphandle kokuphulukana nobumi babo baseMzantsi Afrika. Izicelo zingenziwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya. Yenza isicelo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Veza ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yesatifiketi sokuzalwa saseMzantsi Afrika kunye nencwadi ebhaliweyo nefungelweyo echaza ukuba akukho bumi bungobunye obufunyenweyo. Zonke iikopi zemiqulu kunye nencwadi ebhaliweyo nefungelweyo kufuneka ziqinisekiswe kuphela ngumntu oneGunya lokuQinisekisa iMiqulu okanye nguMkomishinari weZifungo.
Hambisa ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yesatifiketi sobumi belizwe langaphandle.
Zonke iikopi zemiqulu kufuneka ziqinisekiswe kuphela ngumntu oneGunya lokuQinisekisa iMiqulu okanye nguMkomishinari weZifungo.
Le nkonzo ithabatha iintsuku zokusebenza ezi 5.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforexemtionfromincometax.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umnyenyevu wokubonelela ngerhafu unikwa imibutho engajonganga kwenza nzuzo, esekelwe ukubayinzuzo kuluntu ngokubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, lo mnyenyevu wokubonelela uyakufumaneka kuphela kwimibutho ehambisana nemimiselo yoMthetho weMibutho eNgajonganga kwenza Nzuzo , kunye nemithetho eyayamene nalo.
Inkampani efakwe phantsi kweCandelo 21 loMthetho weeNkampani Inkampani yeCandelo 21 inemimiselo kunye nemigaqo yokumanyana njengemiqulu yokuyiseka kwaye ibhalisiwe kuMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani.
Iqumrhu lokugcina ngentembeko elinomqulu wokuliseka kunye nencwadi yesivumelwano sasemthethweni sentembeko, esibhaliswe kwiNqununu yeNkundla ePhezulu.
Iqumrhu labantu. Iqumrhu labantu abahlangene ngokuzithandela elilawulwa ngumgaqo-siseko.
Xa imiqulu yokuseka ingahambisani nemimiselo yeCandelo 30 loMthetho weMibutho eNgajonganga kwenza Nzuzo, isicelo kufuneka sikhatshwe sisibhengezo sesithembiso esibhaliweyo esisayinwe ngumenzi-sicelo. Uyakuthi ke umnyenyevu wangaphambili uqhubeke ukusebenza kude kube leloxesha apho umenzi-sicelo ayakube azisiwe yi-South African Revenue Service ngesigqibo ngokomthetho omtsha.
Imibutho okungokunje enganikwanga umnyenyevu ogunyazisiweyo wokungabandakanywa kwirhafu yengeniso-mali, ingathumela ifom yesicelo egcwalisiweyo ehamba nemiqulu yokuxhasa eyimfuneko, ndawonye nesibhengezo sesithembiso esibhaliweyo nesisayiniweyo, apho abantu abenza lo msebenzi ngentembeko bathembisa ngokuhambisana nemimiselo yeCandelo 30 loMthetho weMibutho eNgajonganga kwenza Nzuzo.
inkampani: Faka ikopi yeMimiselo kunye neMigaqo yokuManyana iqumrhu lokugcina ngentembeko: Faka ikopi yeencwadi zezivumelwano zasemthethweni zentembeko kunye nazo naziphina iincwadi zezivumelwano zasemthethweni ezilandelayo zokulungisa iqumrhu labantu: Faka ikopi yomgaqo-siseko wakutshanje.
Imibutho esekwe ngenjongo ephambili yokunika izipho zemali yokufunda ngenxa yokugqwesa, iibhasari kunye nezipho zokufunda, uphando kunye nokufundisa, kufuneka, ngaphezulu kwale miqulu ingentla, igcwalise iSibhengezo seSithembiso eSibhaliweyo ekuthiwa yi-EI 3 Written Undertaking.
Izikolo zoluntu kunye nezizimeleyo , amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, amaziko emfundo esisiseko noqeqesho lwabantu abadala , ndawonye namaziko emfundo noqeqesho oluqhubekayo , kufuneka zifake ikopi yesatifiketi sobhaliso esikhutshwe nguGunyaziwe obandakanyekayo weMfundo.
Zonke izicelo ezifunyenwe liCandelo lokunika iMinyenyevu yokuNgabandakanywa kwiRhafu , ezinenkcazelo efanelekileyo kunye nemiqulu yokuxhasa eyimfuneko, ziyakukhutshelwa incwadi eveliswe ngekhompiyutha engqina ukufunyanwa kwazo, kwisithuba seeveki ezine ukusukela kumhla wokuthunyelwa.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforextension.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umrhafi angenza isicelo sokongezelwa ixesha lomhla ekufuneka ase ngawo iifom zerhafu.
I-adresi yomrhafi ayaziwa kwi-SARS.
Iingxelo zomrhafi azinantshukumo.
Inkampani/Iqumrhu elingavulelekanga/Iqumrhu lokugcina ngentembeko, lilele.
Umrhafi umkile wayokuhlala kwelinye ilizwe.
Ingxelo yomrhafi iphawulwe njengelifa, umzekelo, ukubhubha, ukungakwazi ukuhlawula amatyala, ukupheliswa kwenkampani.
Ifom yalo nyaka werhafu ungqalileyo ekuthunyelelwe wona isicelo, ibiseyifunyenwe.
Kukhutshwe isigunyaziso okanye umyalelo wokubizwa wonyaka werhafu ongqalileyo.
IiFom zeRhafu yeNgeniso-mali azikabuyiswa kwaye khange kwenziwe malungiselelo - iphelelwe imihla ebekufanele kubuyiswe ngayo ezo fom.
Iimali zeRhafu yengeniso-mali azikahlawulwa kwaye khange kwenziwe malungiselelo okurhoxisela omnye umhla.
Ifom yeli xesha okanye yalo nyaka khange ikhutshwe.
Umrhafi akanaxanduva lemfaneleko kulo nyaka werhafu umiyo.
Isicelo sokongezelwa ixesha ligqitha ngaphaya kwethuba ekufikelelwa kulo elivumeleke kwicandelo lomrhafi.
Ingxelo yomrhafi ikwinkqubo yokuba isuswe komnye ummandla itshintshelwe komnye.
Iifom zerhafu/Iimali ze-VAT azikahlawulwa kwaye khange kwenziwe malungiselelo afanelekileyo - imihla yokubuyiswa kwezo fom iphelelwe/ akukho malungiselelo achaziweyo wezomali zingekakhutshwa.
Isitetimenti/ifom/imali yokulungelelanisa i-PAYE ayikasiwa kwaye khange kwenziwe malungiselelo afanelekileyo - imihla yokubuyiswa kweso sitetimenti/loo fom iphelelwe/khange kwenziwe malungiselelo okurhoxisela loo mali ingekakhutshwa, komnye umhla.
Yenza isicelo sokwandiselwa ixesha lokungenisa iiritheni zerhafu yengeniso ngokusebenzisa iziko lewebhu le SARS okanye nge-imeyili.
Cela uKongezelwa iXesha okuKodwa ngencwadi oyisa kwi-ofisi yeBhrentshi ye-SARS ekufuphi kuwe.
Sakuba siqhubekisiwe isicelo sakho, uyakwaziswa nge e-mail, kusetyenziswe i-adresi ye e-mail enikwe nguwe. Ukubangaba awuyinikanga i-adresi ye e-mail, unganxulumana ne-Ofisi yeBhrentshi ye-SARS ekufuphi kuwe, emva kwemini enye yokusebenza.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Bhalisa ngonxibelelwano lwekhompyutha.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforfamilyreunionscheme.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo isebenziseka kumntu ozakubangumhlali wesigxina onqwenela ukwenza isicelo sokuhlala isigxina ngenxa yokuba eyifemeli yommi okanye yomhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuzalana. Ngeenjongo zokuhlala isigxina, amalungu efemeli akwinqanaba lokuqala lokuzalana amiselwa njengamalungu enzalelwane kunye nabantwana abamkelwe ngabantu abangabazelanga njengababo ngokwasemthethweni okanye abazali abamkele abantwana abangabazelanga njengababo ngokwasemthethweni kunye nabazali bomnye umtshato.
Izicelo zingenziwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya okanye kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-947 kunye ne BI-29.
Ummi okanye umhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika makahambise isibhengezo sesithembiso malunga noxanduva lwezemali, unyango kunye nesiqu somenzi-sicelo. Kodwa ke, xa isihlobo ingumzali womntwana ongekabinalungelo lokuzithabathela izigqibo ngokwasemthethweni, akukho mfuneko yesibhengezo sesithembiso.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationformaintenanceorder.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Inkxaso yokunakekela omnye umntu luxanduva lokunika omnye umntu, umzekelo umntwana ongekabinamalungelo okuzithabathela izigqibo ngokwasemthethweni, ukutya, indlu, impahla yokunxiba, imfundo kunye nonakekelo lonyango, okanye ukulungiselela omnye umntu iindlela nezinto eziyimfuneko ukuze anikwe ezi zinto zidingekayo kwimpilo yakhe. Olu xanduva lwasemthethweni lokunika inkxaso lubizwa ngokuba 'luxanduva lokuxhasa okanye 'luxanduva lokusapota'.
Ngubani ekufuneka akhuphe inkxaso yokunakekela omnye umntu?
Uxanduva lokusapota lusekelwe kubudlelwane begazi, ukwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni okanye kwimeko yokokuba aba bantu batshatile.
Ootatomkhulu noomakhulu bakhe, nokubangaba abazali bomntwana babetshatile okanye babengatshatanga. Kodwa ke oku kwahluka ngokwemeko ngemeko.
Uxanduva lokusapota ilungu losapho aliqingqelwa nje kuphela ukusapota umntwana.
Ilungu lefemeli elibanga isapoti alinako ukuzisapota ngokwalo.
Ilungu lefemeli ekucelwa kulo isapoti alinakoyisakala ukuyikhupha le sapoti ibangwayo.
Zeziphi iinkcitho ezingabangwa?
Ungabanga isapoti eqiqileyo eyimfuneko ukuze unike umntwana okanye omnye umntu onelungelo lokusapotwa indlela yokuphila nokukhula okufanelekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukunika izinto ezidingekayo empilweni ezifana nokutya, impahla yokunxiba kunye nendlu, ndawonye nokuhlawuwulela imfundo efanelekileyo. Inkundla ingayalela nokuba utata womntwana enze igalelo kwintlawulo yeendleko zokulungiselelwa komntwana kunye nenkxaso ukusukela kumhla wokuzalwa komntwana ukuyakutsho kumhla wokunikwa komyalelo wesapoti. Inkundla inganika nomyalelo wokuhlawulwa kweendleko zonyango okanye ingayalela ukuba umntwana abhaliswe phantsi kwesikim sonyango somnye wabazali njengomntu oxhomekekileyo. Ukwenzela ukuba inkundla ikwazi ukukhupha umyalelo wesapoti ofanelekileyo, bobabini abazali mabanike inkundla ubungqina beendleko zabo.
Imbono yakho ngokuziphatha komnye umzali ayilichaphazeli ilungelo labantwana bakho lokufumana isapoti.
ukubangaba nawuphina umbandakanyeki emva kwexesha ubanabanye abantwana.
Uxanduva lwakho lokuhlawula isapoti kunye nelungelo lakho lokufikelela ebantwaneni bakho yimibandela emibini eyahlukene kakhulu kwaye ayingqamananga tu. Ngaphezu koko, abantwana bakhe nawuphina umzali abaluchaphazeli uxanduva lokusapota. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, imali yesapoti ingalungiswa ukubangaba omnye umbandakanyeki uzisa isicelo esinjalo.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko.
Yenza isicelo sesapoti kwinkundla kamantyi ekwisithili ohlala kuso.
Ukubangaba uyathandabuza, inkundla yendawo ohlala kuyo iyakukuxelela ukuba usenze kweyiphina inkundla isicelo sesapoti.
Yiya kwinkundla efanelekileyo uze ugcwalise kwaye uhambise iFom A, ethi: Isicelo somyalelo wenkxaso yokunakekela omnye umntu.
Ngaphezulu kwefom oyigcwalisileyo, hambisa ubungqina bengeniso-mali yakho yenyanga kunye neenkcitho, obufana neerisiti zokuthenga ukutya, umbane kunye neentlawulo zeemali ezibizwayo zerenti okanye beentlawulo zeemali ezibizwayo zerenti.
Inkundla iyakubeka umhla ekuyakufuneka wena nomphenduli niye ngawo enkundleni.
Igosa lesapoti kunye nomphandi bayakuphanda isibango sakho kwaye bajonge iimeko zakho.
Inkundla iyakukhuphela umphenduli isamani ukuze aye kuvela enkundleni ngomhla ochaziweyo ukuze kuxoxwe ngalo mbandela.
Umphenduli ke angakhetha ukuba avume ukuhlawula le sapoti ngale ndlela ibangwa ngayo, okanye aye kuphikisana nalo mba enkundleni.
Ukubangaba umphenduli uyavuma ukuhlawula isapoti njengoko ibangwa, umantyi uyakuphonononga imiqulu efanelekileyo. Uyakuthi ke akhuphe umyalelo, kwaye angagqiba ekubeni enze njalo ngaphandle kokufuna ukuba ababandakanyeki bavele enkundleni.
Ukubangaba umntu ekuthiwa unoxanduva lokufaneleka ahlawule isapoti akakuvumi ukukhutshwa komyalelo, kufuneka avele enkundleni, apho kuyakumanyelwa khona ubungqina bababandakanyeki bobabini nobamangqina babo.
Ukubangaba inkundla ifumanise lo mntu enoxanduva lokufaneleka ahlawule isapoti, iyakwenza umyalelo wemali yesapoti ekufuneka ihlawulwe. Inkundla iyakuqulungqa nokuba zenziwe ninina, njanina iintlawulo zesapoti.
Uyakuphathwa ngokulinganayo, ngokunobuntu nangesidima.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo. Inkqubo iyonke, ukusukela ekuhambiseni isicelo ukuya kutsho ekufumaneni intlawulo yakho yokuqala yesapoti, ingathabatha iiveki ezininzi, kuxhomekeke kwintsebenziswano yabo bobabini ababandakanyeki.
Amangqina ahamba inkqubo, kubandakanywa umntu obanga isapoti, bavumelekile bafumane izibonelelo ezimiselweyo zenkxaso nohambo. Kodwa ke, inkundla iyakwenza isigqibo, ngokubona kwayo, malunga nokuba eso sibonelelo siyakuhlawulwa na kumntu onganikwa umyalelo wokuba ahlawule isapoti.
Umntu obanga isapoti makenze isicelo kwigosa lesapoti ukuze ahlawulwe iimali zamangqina.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationfornaturalisation2.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Nawuphina umntu onepemethe yokuhlala isigxina eMzantsi Afrika uyavumeleka enze isicelo sobumi baseMzantsi Afrika ngokwenkqubo yokwamkelwa njengommi emva kweminyaka emihlanu engumhlali osisigxina.
Nawuphina umntu otshate ummi waseMzantsi Afrika uyavumeleka amkelwe njengommi kwiminyaka emibini emva kokuba efumene ipemethe yokuhlala isigxina ekhutshwe ngexesha lomtshato.
Umntwana oneminyaka yobudala engaphantsi kwama 21, onepemethe yokuhlala isigxina, uyavumeleka amkelwe njengommi kwamsinyane nje emva kokuba ikhutshiwe ipemethe.
Gcwalisa ifom ethi SAP kwaye unyathelise yonke iminwe ulungiselele isatifiketi esiphuma emapoliseni esiqinisekisa ubume obumsulwa.
Umzali onoxanduva angenza isicelo egameni lomntwana ongekabinalungelo lokuzenzela izigqibo ngokusemthethweni, ukubangaba phofu lo mntwana uhlala isigxina nangokusemthethweni eMzantsi Afrika.
Abenzi-zicelo abavunyelwe izicelo zabo, bayakucelwa ukuba basayine isiBhengezo sokuZinikela nokuThobela ilizwe , kwaye bayakunikwa isatifiketi sokwamkelwa njengabemi esinenombolo engu R.
Kuyakukhutshwa incwadi yesazisi kwaye ithunyelwe kumenzi-sicelo.
Abenzi-zicelo abalelwe izicelo bayakuxelelwa ngokunjalo.
Izicelo zingathabatha iinyanga ezi 2 ukuya kwezi 4.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforpermanentresidenceextraordinaryskill.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo isebenziseka kumntu onezakhono okanye iikhwalifikheyshini ezingaqhelekanga. Izicelo zingafakwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya okanye kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle. Ukunikwa umsebenzi elizweni akuyiyo imfuneko.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-947 kunye ne BI-29. Ukuze ubonise kwiSebe, ukungaqheleki kwezakhono okanye kweekhwalifikheyshini zakho, kufuneka uhambise incwadi ephuma kwiziko lombuso welizwe langaphandle okanye waseMzantsi Afrika okanye ephuma kwiqumrhu elimiyo laseMzantsi Afrika lezemfundo, lenkcubeko okanye lezoshishino, engqina izakhono okanye iikhwalifikheyshini ezingaqhelekanga.
Hambisa i-curriculum vitae kunye nabo nabuphina obunye ubungqina bezakhono ezingaqhelekanga kunye neekhwalifikheyshini ezingaqhelekanga okanye iikhwalifikheyshini ezingaqhelekanga.
Ukuze uqinise isicelo sakho, ungahambisa neengxelo zokungqina ezisuka kubaqashi owake wabasebenzela.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforpermanentresidencepermitrefugees.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo isebenziseka kumntu ovunyiweyo njengembacu eMzantsi Afrika. Izicelo zingenziwa kwi-ofisi ekufuphi yezeKhaya kwiphondo ohlala kulo. Kufuneka ube ubunobume obuqhubekayo bobumbacu iminyaka emihlanu ukuze wenze isicelo.
Fumana uqinisekiso kwiKomiti eMiyo yeMibandela yeeMbacu oluchaza ukuba ngahle uhlale uyimbacu okokoko.
gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-947 kunye ne BI-29E.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforpermitownbusiness.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo isebenziseka kumntu welizwe langaphandle ojonge ukuseka ishishini eMzantsi Afrika; okanye osele enepemethe yeshishini ukuze aqhube ishishini kweli lizwe; okanye ojonge ukutyala imali kwishishini esele likhona kweli lizwe.
Izicelo zingathunyelwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya kwiphondo ojonge ukuqhubela kulo ishishini. Yenza isicelo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-947 kunye ne BI-29.
Umgcini nomhloli wee-akhawunti zemali olilungu lequmrhu labagcini nabahloli bee-akhawunti zemali , omele indawo yakho, kufuneka ahambise uqinisekiso lokuba igalelo lemali emiselweyo kwixabiso lempahla nezinto elikwiincwadi zeshishini, lityaliwe. Igalelo lemali emiselweyo liyi R2,5 million kwaye lingabekelwa bucala okanye lincitshiswe kuphela xangaba oko kuthathwa ngokuba kungumnqweno welizwe okanye xangaba oko kucelwe liSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforrecognitionofavarietylisting.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Phambi kokuba sithengiswe isixhobo sokwandisa apha eMzantsi Afrika, esodidi naluphi na lweentlobo zezityalo ezibhengeziweyo ngokwe-Plant Improvement Act, 1976 , kufuneka amagama eendidi ezinjalo aqukwe kuluhlu lweendidi.
ISebe lezoLimo ligcina izintlu zeendidi ngokuphathelele kwezolimo, imifuno nezityalo zeziqhamo. Ubhengezo lwezityalo ngeenjongo zomThetho kwakunye nokuquka iindidi kwizintlu kwenziwa ngokulandela isicelo. Isizathu sokufikelela isigqibo sixhomekeke ekubalulekeni kohlobo lwesityalo kuqoqosho lwaseMzantsi Afrika.
ifomu yesicelo ezaliswe ngokupheleleyo technical questionnaire intlawulo emiselweyo yesicelo novavanyo imbewu okanye izixhobo zokumilisa ugunyaziso olubhaliweyo oluvela kumnini-sityalo, ukuba awusimilisanga, wasikhetha okanye waqhubela phambili udidi.
Bonisa ngokucacileyo kuthotho lwemibuzo yobuchwepheshe ukuba zeziphi ezinye iindidi ezaziwayo eMzantsi Afrika, ekufuneka udidi olutsha luthelekiswe nazo ukumisela ukuzibalula.
Kukho iintsuku ezimiselweyo ekufuneka kuthunyelwe ngazo amaxwebhu nezixhobo zokumilisa kuMbhalisi. Iinkcukacha zezi ntsuku, inani lezixhobo zokumilisa ekufuneka zithunyelwe nalapho kufuneka zithunyelwe khona, ziyafumaneka kuMbhalisi.
Xa ukhuselo ngokwemiqathango yamalungelo ommilisi wezityalo nalo lufuneka, abenzi bezicelo bakhuthazwa ukuthumela izicelo ngaxeshanye ukulondoloza ixesha nemali.
Inkqubo yokufaka udidi kuluhlu iya kuthatha ithuba elinye lokulima ubuncinane.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforregistrationasamanufacturerunderagoa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le fom yesicelo kufuneka igcwaliswe ngumenzi-sicelo, hayi umntu wesithathu, kungenjalo isicelo asiyi kuqwalaselwa.
Nceda ubhekise kwisikhokelo sesicelo ukuze sikuncede ngenkqubo yelayisensi.
igama lokurhweba leshishini lakho indawo elimi kuyo elishishini igama lesitalato kunye nenombolo yeshishini ummandla wedolophu elimi kuwo ishishini isixeko okanye idolophu elimi kuyo ishishini; kunye nekhowudi yesitalato sommandla wedolophu elimi kuwo ishishini.
Igama lomenzi-sicelo okanye igama lobhaliso lweshishini, hayi igama lorhwebo, kufuneka liboniswe kweli candela.
apho kubonakala khona inkwenkwezana ekuthiwa yi-asterisk (), susa nayiphina efaneleke njalo.
oonobumba bamagama okuqala kunye nefani yomntu owenza isicelo sokunikwa ilayisensi isikhundla somntu owenza isicelo, umzekelo, uMqondisi, uManejala, uMnikazi lo mntu wenza isicelo kufuneka atyikitye ifom yesicelo umhla esisayinwe ngawo esi sicelo indawo esisayinelwe kuyo esi sicelo.
isatifiketi sobhaliso lweshishini njengoko sikhutshwe nguMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani okanye iNqununu yeNkundla ePhezulu kwimeko yeQumrhu lokuGcina ngeNtembeko.
isindululo okanye imvume okanye elinye igunya elibandakanyekayo.
iphepha lemvume yeSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini ukuba ziyabandakanyeka iindlela zokubala ukubangaba wenza isicelo phantsi komba wokubuyiselwa imali ku 607.04.10, 607.04.10, 607.04.10 naku 607.04.
Yomntu ongahlali kweli lizwe iqumrhu elingavulelekanga kunye nequmrhu lokugcina ngentembeko - onke amalungu, ogxa bentsebenziswano okanye amalungu aphathiswe iqumrhu ngentembeko inkampani - bonke abaqondisi, kubandakanywa umqondisi olawulayo kunye nomqondisi wezemali.
Akukho xesha liqingqwayo kule nkonzo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ApplicationforregistrationofGroup2fertilizer.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Inkampani yelizwe laphesheya ayinakwenza sicelo sokubhalisa eMzantsi Afrika. Isicelo sokubhalisa ukutya kwemfuyo yasefama kunye nezichumisi singenziwa kuphela yinkampani ebhaliswe kweli lizwe, ummi weRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, okanye iqumrhu elisemthethweni elibhaliswe eMzantsi Afrika.
izinto eziqulathwe sisichumisi esibandakanyekayo azohlukanga kweziya sele zibhalisiwe iinkcukacha kunye namagama asetyenzisiweyo avunyiweyo wemibhalo yokuphawula okuqulathiweyo okanye inkonkxa akayi kutshintshwa ngaphandle kokuba kuqale kufunyanwe imvume ebhaliweyo esuka kuMphathi woBhaliso imiqathango ebekwe ngexesha lobhaliso iyalandelwa ubhaliso aluyi kugqithiselwa ubungakanani beebhegi neenkonkxa abunakuguqulwa ngaphandle kokuba kuqale kufunyanwe imvume ebhaliweyo esuka kuMphathi woBhaliso.
Isicelo sokubhaliswa kokutya kwemfuyo yasefama kunye nezichumisi siqulathe ezi zinto zilandelayo incwadi yangaphezulu esuka kumntu obhalisileyo okanye ummeli otyunjiweyo.
igama lemveliso inombolo yobhaliso ukubangaba imveliso seyibhalisiwe isizathu sokufaka isicelo iincwadi zokuvuma ukubangaba kufuneka imvume ephuma kumntu obhalisileyo intlawulo yesicelo echanekileyo iitshekhi ezithunyelwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwisicelo mazikhatshwe yincwadi echazayo isatifiketi socubungulo okanye iphepha lenkcazelo.
Umntu otyunjwe ngokwasemthethweni, ekufuneka ngokukhethekayo abengumntu wonxulumano loMphathi woBhaliso kwinkampani, makasayine iifom zesicelo.
Igama nenombolo yobhaliso yemveliso mayisetyenziswe njengoko kungqaliwe kwisatifiketi sobhaliso. Naluphina utshintsho kwigama, nokuba luncinane kangakanani na, luyakuthathwa ngokuba sisilungiso.
Thumela isicelo sakho kunye nentlawulo kuMphathi woBhaliso loMthetho 36 ka 1947.
Ubhaliso lwesichumisi lungathabatha iinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforregistrationofanexporter.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le fom yesicelo kufuneka igcwaliswe ngumenzi-sicelo, hayi umntu wesithathu.
Nceda ubhekise kwisikhokelo sesicelo ukuze sikuncede ngenkqubo yelayisensi.
Kwicandelo elithi Client Types khangela ibhokisi yokuhlola yomthumeli wempahla nezinto ezithile kumazwe angaphandle, phantsi kobhaliso.
Igama lomenzi-sicelo okanye igama lobhaliso lweshishini, hayi igama lorhwebo, kufuneka liboniswe kweli candelo.
Apho kubonakala khona inkwenkwezana ekuthiwa yi-asterisk (), susa nawuphina umba ofaneleke njalo.
oonobumba bamagama okuqala kunye nefani yomntu owenza isicelo sokunikwa ilayisensi isikhundla somntu owenza isicelo, umzekelo, uMqondisi, uManejala, uMnikazi umntu owenza isicelo kufuneka atyikitye ifom yesicelo umhla esisayinwe ngawo esi sicelo indawo esisayinelwe kuyo esi sicelo.
isatifiketi sobhaliso lweshishini njengoko sikhutshwe nguMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani okanye iNqununu yeNkundla ePhezulu kwimeko yeQumrhu lokuGcina ngeNtembeko isindululo okanye imvume okanye elinye igunya elibandakanyekayo iphepha lemvume yeSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini, ukuba iyabandakanyeka iindlela zokubala ukubangaba wenza isicelo phantsi komba wokubuyiselwa imali ku 607.04.10, 607.04.10, 607.04.10 naku 607.04.
umntu ubuqu bakhe oogxa bentsebenziswano kwiqumrhu elingavulelekanga nakwiqumrhu lokugcina ngentembeko - onke amalungu okanye oogxa bentsebenziswano okanye amalungu aphathiswe iqumrhu ngentembeko inkampani - bonke abaqondisi, kubandakanywa uMqondisi oLawulayo kunye noMqondisi weZemali.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforregistrationofanimporter.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le fom yesicelo kufuneka igcwaliswe ngumenzi-sicelo, hayi umntu wesithathu - kungenjalo isicelo asiyi kuqwalaselwa.
Nceda ubhekise kwisikhokelo sesicelo ukuze sikuncede ngenkqubo yelayisensi.
Kwicandelo elithi Importer Particulars IiNkcukacha zoMngenisi wempahla nezinto ezithile eLizweni, chaza igama lokurhweba leshishini lakho igama nenombolo yesitalato seshishini igama kunye nenombolo yomgangatho wesakhiwo eliqhutyelwa kuso eli shishini ummandla wedolophu elimi kuwo ishishini isixeko okanye idolophu elimi kuyo ishishini; kunye ikhowudi yesitalato sommandla wedolophu elimi kuwo ishishini ngubani oyakubanoxanduva lokubhala nokuthumela imiqulu kwi-South African Revenue Service; kunye nokuba ingaba nguwe oyakubhala kwaye athumele le miqulu, okanye ingaba kuyakutyunjwa i-eyijenti ukuze yenze oku, na.
Igama lomenzi-sicelo okanye igama lobhaliso lweshishini, hayi igama lorhwebo, kufuneka liboniswe kweli candela.
apho kubonakala khona inkwenkwezana ekuthiwa yi-asterisk (), susa nayiphina efaneleke njalo.
oonobumba bamagama okuqala kunye nefani yomntu owenza isicelo sokunikwa ilayisensi.
isatifiketi sobhaliso lweshishini njengoko sikhutshwe nguMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani okanye iNqununu yeNkundla ePhezulu kwimeko yeQumrhu lokuGcina ngeNtembeko.
isindululo okanye imvume okanye elinye igunya elibandakanyekayo.
iincwadi zezazisi xa umntu engummi waseMzantsi Afrika imiqulu yepaspoti kwimeko yomntu ongahlali kweli lizwe umntu ubuqu bakhe oogxa bentsebenziswano kwiqumrhu elingavulelekanga okanye kwiqumrhu lokugcina ngentembeko - onke amalungu, ogxa bentsebenziswano okanye amalungu aphathiswe iqumrhu ngentembeko inkampani - bonke abaqondisi, kubandakanywa umqondisi olawulayo kunye nomqondisi wezemali.
I-SARS ifake imigangatho yokunika iinkonzo eyakungeniswa ngokwezigaba kwisithuba seminyaka emibini . Xa ubhalisa okanye uhlawula, i-SARS ijolisa ekubeni iqhubekise ubhaliso lwakho ngokuchanekileyo kwisithuba seentsuku zokusebenza ezingu 21.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforregistrationofarebate.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo inika inkcazelo malunga nendlela yokubhalisela ukubuyiselwa imali yi-South African Revenue Service. Le mali ibuyiswayo sisaphulelo kwintlawulo yokungenisa impahla nezinto ehlawuleka xa ungenisa impahla nezinto ezithile kweli lizwe.
Umenzi-sicelo, hayi umntu wesithathu, kufuneka ibenguye ogcwalise ifom yesicelo , kungenjalo isicelo asiyi kuqwalaselwa.
Kwicandelo elithi Client Types , khangela ibhokisi yokuhlola iMali eBuyiswayo, kwicandelo lobhaliso.
igama lokurhweba leshishini lakho igama nenombolo yesitalato seshishini elibuyiselwayo igama kunye nenombolo yomgangatho wesakhiwo ekuqhutyelwa kuso eli shishini ummandla wedolophu elimi kuwo ishishini isixeko okanye idolophu elimi kuyo ishishini ikhowudi yesitalato sommandla wedolophu elimi kuwo ishishini.
Igama lomenzi-sicelo okanye igama lobhaliso lweshishini, hayi igama lorhwebo, kufuneka liboniswe kweli candelo.
Apho kubonakala khona inkwenkwezana ekuthiwa yi-asterisk (), susa nayiphina efaneleke njalo.
inkcazelo yemveliso engeniswa kweli lizwe okanye impahla nezinto ezingeniswa kweli lizwe.
oonobumba bamagama okuqala kunye nefani yomntu owenza isicelo sokunikwa ilayisensi isikhundla somntu owenza isicelo, umzekelo, UMqondisi, uManejala, uMnikazi lo mntu wenza isicelo kufuneka atyikitye ifom yesicelo umhla esisayinwe ngawo esi sicelo indawo esisayinelwe kuyo esi sicelo.
isatifiketi sobhaliso lweshishini njengoko sikhutshwe nguMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani okanye iNqununu yeNkundla ePhezulu kwimeko yeQumrhu lokuGcina ngeNtembeko isindululo okanye imvume okanye elinye igunya njengoko kubandakanyeka iphepha lemvume yeSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini ukuba iyabandakanyeka iindlela zokubala ukubangaba wenza isicelo phantsi komba wokubuyiselwa imali ku 607.04.10, 607.04.10, 607.04.10 naku 607.04.
KwiNkampani - Bonke abaqondisi, kubandakanywa uMqondisi oLawulayo kunye noMqondisi weZemali.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ApplicationforrenunciationofSAcitizenship.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu baseMzantsi Afrika abajonge ukwenza izicelo zobumi belinye ilizwe elingabuvumeliyo ubumi bamazwe amabini, kufuneka benze isicelo sokulahla ubumi baseMzantsi Afrika. Oku kuthetha ukuba uyakuyeka ukubangummi waseMzantsi Afrika ukusukela ekuvunyweni kwesicelo sakho. Abantwana abangekabinalungelo lokuzithabathela izigqibo ngokwasemthethweni bayakuyeka ukubangabemi baseMzantsi Afrika, ngaphandle kokuba omnye wabazali usengummi waseMzantsi Afrika.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-246, iBI-529 kunye ne BI-9 kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya. Yenza isicelo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba uhlala kwilizwe langaphandle.
Hambisa zonke iincwadi zezazisi zaseMzantsi Afrika kwi-ofisi yezeKhaya, kwindlu yozakuzo okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika.
Khupha iifoto ezimbini ezilingana kwi-ID.
Le nkonzo ithabatha iiveki ezisi 8 ukuya kwezili 12.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Isixwayiso: Amafom awafumaneki kwi-internet. Nceda uqhagamshelane neofisi yesebe ekufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationforreplacementoflostorstolenpassport.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umntu olahlekelwe okanye obelwe ipaspoti ebenayo angenza isicelo sokunikwa entsha.
gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-73 kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya. Yenza isicelo kwiNdlu yoZakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiZiko eliMele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba ukwilizwe langaphandle abazali okanye abalondolozi basemthethweni kufuneka bakhuphe ikopi yesatifiketi somntwana esingafinyezwanga, ndawonye neencwadi zabo zezazisi khupha iifoto zomntwana ezimbini ezilingana kwipaspoti abantwana abaneminyaka yobudala engaphantsi kwe 16 abayinyatheliswa iminwe.
Izicelo zingathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiiveki ezi 6.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ApplicationforthereissueofanID.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Incwadi yesazisi yincwadi eyazisa nengqina ngomntu. Inikwa abemi baseMzantsi Afrika okanye abantu abaneepemethe zokuhlala isigxina kweli lizwe abaneminyaka eli 16 nangaphezulu.
Abantu abaguqukelwe ziimeko zobumi.
Abasetyhini abangene kubume bomtshato okanye abangathanda ukubuyela kuyo nayiphina kwiifani zabo zangaphambili.
Abantu abahlala kumazwe angaphandle ixeshana elifutshane kodwa ababekade benayo incwadi yesazisi ngaphambili.
Abangeni kweli lizwe abanepemethe esebenzisekayo yokuhlala isigxina kweli lizwe.
Hambisa iifoto ezimbini ezilingana kwincwadi yesazisi.
Nyathelisa iminwe ukuze ifakwe kuvimba woBhaliso lweNani neeNkcukacha zaBantu.
Khupha isatifiketi somtshato ukubangaba utshatile.
Owasetyhini owenza isicelo sencwadi yesazisi kwaye enqwenela ukuphinda abuyele kuyo nayiphina ifani kwiifani awayekade ezibiza ngazo, makathi thaca ubungqina bokuba uvumelekile asebenzise loo fani.
Umntu ongumngeni kweli lizwe owenza isicelo sencwadi yesazisi makafake kwesi sicelo ipemethe yokuhlala isigxina, isatifiketi sokwamkelwa njengommi emva kokuhlala ixesha elithile okanye isatifiketi somnyenyevu wokungafunwa pemethe.
Izicelo zingathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiiveki ezisi 8.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationtochangesurnamesofminors.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
ukuzalwa komntwana owazalelwa ngaphandle komtshato kubhaliswe phantsi kwefani yotata wakhe omzeleyo.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi BI-193 kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya. Yenza isicelo kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika, ukubangaba ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Veza imvume ebhaliweyo evela kulo myeni umntwana azakusebenzisa ifani yakhe.
Ukuze kuguqulwe , iyafuneka imvume ebhaliweyo evela kubazali bobabini, ndawonye nezizathu ezaneleyo, ezibhaliweyo.
Iyafuneka imvume ebhaliweyo yotata ozele lo mntwana, ngaphandle kokuba isuselwe ecaleni yinkundla enamandla negunya lokwenza njalo.
Izicelo zingathabatha iiveki ezi 4 ukuya kwezi 6.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationtogivenoticeofdeath.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Isatifiketi sokubhubha ngumqulu ogunyazisiweyo okhutshelwa ifemeli yomntu obhubhileyo xa kubhaliswe ukubhubha. Xa umntu welizwe langaphandle ebhubhele eMzantsi Afrika, ingxelo igcinwa kuvimba weengxelo kwaye ifemeli yakhe inikwa isatifiketi esipheleleyo. Kungenziwa izicelo kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya okanye kwiNdlu yoZakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiZiko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Bhala incwadi enazo zonke iinkcukacha zomfi, uze uyiposele kwi-ofisi yezeKhaya ekufuphi kuwe ukubangaba akukho ofisi yezeKhaya kummandla ohlala kuwo.
Akukho mngcwabo uyakuqhubeka ungekho umyalelo wokungcwaba. Umyalelo wokungcwaba sisatifiketi esinika igunya lomngcwabo kunye nokususwa kwesidumbu kummandla umfi abhubhele kuwo sisiwe kummandla ekuyakungcwatyelwa kuwo.
Liziko labangcwabi eligunyaziselwe ukukhupha imiyalelo yokungcwaba.
Isatifiketi esifinyeziweyo: Sikhutshwa kwakube kubhaliswe ukubhubha.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationtohavedetailsofyouraddresschanged.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Abemi baseMzantsi Afrika okanye abantu abaneepemethe zokuhlala isigxina kweli abafuna ukutshintsha ii-adresi zabo zokuhlala okanye zokuposa kwiNcwadi yeLizwe yokuBhalisa iNani neeNkcukacha zaBantu, bangenza izicelo kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya. Izicelo zingenziwa nakwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Bhala incwadi, kwaye uyithumele ngefeksi okanye uyiposele kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya.
Khupha incwadi yesazisi esebenzisekayo nenomqukumbelo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye isatifiketi sokuzalwa xa usenza isicelo.
Izicelo zingathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiiveki ezi 2.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationtoincreasecustomsduty.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
UMrhumo wokuRhafela iMpahla neZinto eziNgenayo ngumrhumo owuhlawulayo xa ungenisa impahla nezinto eMzantsi Afrika. UMrhumo wokurhafela impahla nezinto uhlawulelwa ukunceda amashishini weManyano yokuNgeniswa kweMpahla neZinto yaseMzantsi Afrika ukuze akhuphisane ngeemveliso ezingeniswa kweli lizwe. Umrhumo wokurhafela impahla nezinto ezingenayo uphakamisa uphuhliso oluzinzisekayo lwezoqoqosho ngokuphucula ukukhuphisaneka namazwe ehlabathi nokusebnzisa izinto eziyimfuneko ngeyona ndlela ingcono.
Into ekujoliswe kuyo ngokubanzi kwixesha elide elizayo kukuthoba imirhumo yokurhafela impahla nezinto ezingena kweli, kodwa kunyuswe imirhumo engephi kwiimveliso ezichaziweyo phantsi kweemeko ezikhethekileyo nezizodwa. Ukunyuswa komrhumo kuqwalaselwa ngokuxhaswayo kuphela xangaba oko kunyuswa kuyakwenza igalelo kuphuhliso lwamashishini ngokuhambisana neenjongo zelizwe zoqoqosho.
Hambisa iifom kwiCandelo loPhando ngaMaxabiso eMirhumo yeMpahla neZinto eziNgena eLizweni.
Esi sicelo sithabatha iinyanga ezine ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini ukuze siqhubekiswe.
Iindleko zixhomekeka kuhlobo lwemveliso okanye lwempahla nezinto ekubandakanyeka kuzo inkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationtoregisteracustomarymarriage.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umtshato wesiko lesiqhelo ungabhaliswa ngokoMthetho wokuVunywa kweMitshato yeSiko leSiqhelo . Akukhathaliseki nokuba wawutshate ninina. Kwiimeko apho omnye omlingane ebhubhile, lo mlingane usaphilayo angawubhalisa lo mtshato. Ubhaliso lungenziwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya. Kufuneka kubekho amangqina amabini akwaziyo nanegunya lokungqina.
Abatshati kunye namangqina kufuneka bakhuphe iincwadi ezisebenzisekayo zezazisi.
Hambisa ubungqina bothetha-thethwano ngomtshato.
Kwiimeko apho ugxa oyindoda kumtshato wesiko lesiqhelo enqwenela ukungenela omnye umtshato wesiko lesiqhelo, kufuneka anxulumane neNkundla ePhakamileyo ukuze afumane umyalelo oyakugqalisela inkqubo yakhe yempahla nezinto zasemtshatweni.
Isatifiketi somtshato esifinyeziweyo: Sikhutshwa kwangoko.
Isatifiketi somtshato esingafinyezwanga: Sithabatha iiveki ezi 6 ukuya kwezisi 8.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationtoregisteranoldagehome.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo yeyabantu okanye imibutho efuna ukubhalisa ikhaya labantu abadala.
Xa unikezela iscelo, fumana I risithi uyilondoloze njengesiqinisekiso sokufaka isicelo.
Faka isibheno zingekapheli intsuku ezingamashumi alithoba usakuba ufumenene iziphumo zesicelo.
Kungathabatha iiveki ezine ukuphonononga isicelo.
Unontlalontle umema bonke abadla indima kuphononongo lwezicelo njengo nempilo nabaseburhulumenteni apha ekuhlaleni ukuba baphande ngendawo abazakuhlaliswa abantu abadala.
Ngamnye ngamnye Kwabadlala indima kuphononongo lwezicelo, uza kwenza uxwebhu le ngxelo ngakufumanisile.
Iingxelo zabo zithunyelwa e ofisini eyeCandelo lezoPhuhliso zaseKuhlaleni.
Indleko zobhaliso zixhomekeke ebukhoneni bemithombo yoncedo, futhi kwahluka nangokwa maphondo.
Ama fom afumaneka ofisini ekufuphi nawe yeCandelo leZophuhliso laseKuhlaleni.
Akubhatalelwa ukuhlolwa kwekhaya labadala.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationtoregisterforemployeetax.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Abaqeshi kufuneka batsale iRhafu yeNgeniso yakho engu- Pay As You Earn okanye irhafu yabaqeshwa kuloo ntlawulo yomqeshwa ilungele ukutsalwa, qho ngenyanga okanye ngeveki okanye emva kweeveki ezimbini.
I-SITE luhlobo lwerhafu yomqeshwa ebandakanyeka kuphela kwintlawulo yomvuzo osalayo emva kokuxhuzulwa kwento yonke ukuya kufikelela kwi R60 000. I-SITE iqulungqwa ekupheleni kwethuba lerhafu, kwaye ingamela kuphela inxenye yerhafu yomqeshwa apha enyakeni.
Iinkampani nenkampani zabantu abambalwa zabucala ezingabhaliswanga njengangoku kwi-SARS ukulungiselela irhafu yabaqeshwa, kufuneka zibhalise kwangexesha ukuze zihlawule irhafu yabaqeshwa kwabo baqeshwa bakulungeleyo oku.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationtoregisterpremisesasanagriculturalcentr.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
amalungiselelo amiselweyo efumaneka kwisiza esinjalo imisebenzi yobuchwepheshe kwisiza esinjalo, efana nonakekelo lwezilwanyana ezigcinwe apho, ukuqokelela, ukuhlola, ukuhlela, ukupakisha, ukwenza iileyibhile nogcino lwempahla yofuzo, ilawulwa nokongamelwa ngumntu owanelisa iimfuno ezimiselweyo isiza sisanelisa ezinye iimfuno ezingamiselwa.
Izicelo ezingazaliswanga ngokupheleleyo ziya kuphindiswa kumenzi wesicelo yaye akukho xanduva luya kwamkelwa malunga nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka.
Alikho ixesha elibekiweyo malunga nale nkonzo, kwezinye iimeko iqala ngokwamkelwa kwezincwangciso phambi kokuba kumiswe izakhiwo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applicationtoreportanoccupationaldiseasetothecompe.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
NgokoMthetho weMbuyekezo kuMenzakalo neZigulo eMsebenzini, ka-1993, abaqeshwa mabazixele zonke izigulo ezibangelwa ngumsebenzi kwiNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo.
Abaqeshi mabazalise ifom-Ingxelo yoMqeshi ngeSigulo eMsebenzini kwisithuba seentsuku eziyi-14 emva kokuba befumene inkcazelo ngokumalunga nesi sigulo.
ingxelo yonyango yokuqala emalunga nesigulo esibangelwa ngumsebenzi ibango lembuyekezo kwisigulo esibangelwa ngumsebenzi imbali enika inkcazo ngomsebenzi iingxelo zonyango ngokuqhubekayo , de imeko yokugula komsebenzi ibe yezinzileyo ingxelo yonyango yokugqibela emalunga nesigulo esibangelwa ngumsebenzi , yakuba imeko yomsebenzi izinzile ingxelo i-Diagnostic audiogram ukuba umsebenzi uye wangeva ngeendlebe ngenxa yengxolo emsebenzini ingxelo ye-ENT emayihanjiswe ne-Diagnostic Audiogram apho kunokwenzeka iimvavanyo zokusebenza kwemiphunga ukuba isigulo sisemiphungeni iingxelo ngemeko yesikhumba/yolusu ukuba isikhumba/ulusu luyachaphazeleka iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi, iziphumo zovavanyo lwesikhohlela, iziphumo ze-gesi, njl.njl.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ApplyforImportCertificateforLiquor.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka isiqinisekiso sokungenisa elizweni ukuze ukwazi ukungenisa isiselo esinxilisayo apha eMzantsi Afrika. Isiqinisekiso sokungenisa elizweni okanye ikopi siya kufuneka phambi kokuba umthwalo ukhululwe kwizibuko lokungena.
Umngenisi elizweni wenza isicelo sesiqinisekiso sokungenisa elizweni kube kanye kubomi bemveliso. Emva koko loo nombolo inye yesiqinisekiso sokungenisa elizweni ingasetyenziswa xa isakhiwo, iziqulatho, ubukhulu bebhotile neleyibhile yemveliso ingaguqukanga.
isambuku sazo asigqithi kumthamo weelitha ezili-12 yaye injongo yeyokuba isetyenziswe kuphela nguloo mntu, usapho lwakhe neendwendwe zakhe ezingahlawuliyo.
Zalisa ifomu yesicelo.
Thumela isampuli yesiselo esinxilisayo esingeniswe elizweni ngobuninzi ngebhotile eqhelekileyo yama-750 ml.
Malunga nemveliso engeniswa ngobuninzi iziqulatho ziya kuhlolwa. Ileyibhile ihlolwa ukuze kufakwe isicelo semvume yesiqinisekiso sokuthengisa.
Kufuneka iCandelo lifumane imali phambi kokuba kukhutshwe isiqinisekiso sokungenisa elizweni.
Isiqinisekiso sokungenisa elizweni siya kukhutshwa xa iziqulatho neleyibhile, kwimo yemveliso engeniswa isebhotileni, yaye kwimeko yemveliso engeniswa ngobuninzi, xa iziqulatho zemveliso zanelisa iimfuno ze-Liquor Products Act, 1989 . Emva koko umthwalo wemveliso ungangeniswa elizweni.
Alikho ixesha elibekiweyo malunga nale nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ApplyforRegistrationofFarmFeedsandPetFood.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Inkampani ya phesheya ayifanelanga ukwenza isicelo sokungenisa elizweni apha eMzantsi Afrika. Isicelo sokubhalisa ukutya kwasefama nezichumisi singenziwa kuphela yinkampani yasekhaya ebhalisiweyo, ummi waseMzantsi Afrika okanye umbutho osemthethweni obhalisiweyo apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Incwadi echazayo evela kumnini wobhaliso okanye ummeli otyunjiweyo.
Thumela iifomu zesicelo zezicelo ezintsha nezilungiso kubhaliso olukhoyo, kuquka neenguqu zokwakheka.
Zalisa ngokupheleleyo, ngaphandle kokubhekisa kwizicelo zexesha elidlulileyo, iinombolo zamaphepha okanye ezinye iimveliso.
Iifomu zesicelo kufuneka zisayinwe ngumntu otyunjiweyo ngokusemthethweni yaye lona kunqweneleka kube ngumntu wenkampani onoqhagamshelwano noMbhalisi.
Igama nenombolo yobhaliso yemveliso kufuneka lisetyenziswe njengoko kuchaziwe kwisiqinisekiso sobhaliso. Nayiphi na inguqu egameni, nokuba incinci kangakanani, iya kuthathwa njengesilungiso.
thumela iikopi ezimbini nikela ngesiNgesi nesiBhulu. Akukho mfuneko yokuba iileyibhile zishicilelwe ngeelwimi ezimbini kufuneka ibhalwe ngendlela ecacileyo nefundekayo, ngendlela echanekileyo ungabhali iinombolo kwizilumkiso neziqapheliso onke amanqaku akwileyibhile kufuneka ahambelane ngako konke nalawo akwifomu yesicelo.
Kungathatha iinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezine ukuba ukutya kwasefama nokutya kwezilwanyana zobuhlobo kubhaliswe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applyforastudypermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iphepha lemvume yokufunda yincwadi enika abantu abaphuma kumazwe angaphandle ilungelo lokufunda kulo naliphina iziko lemfundo ephakamileyo eMzantsi Afrika. Afake isicelo ngokwakhe kwiNdlu yoZakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiZiko eliMele uMzantsi Afrika.
Agcwalise ifom yesicelo ekuthiwa yi-BI-159.
isatifiketi sokubamsulwa esiphuma emapoliseni ngokuphathelelene namazwe abekade ehlala kuwo kumathuba angaphezulu konyaka.
incwadi kagqirha engqina ukuba umenzi-sicelo usempilweni entle.
Abenzi-zicelo abanakungena eMzantsi Afrika phambi kokuba izicelo zabo zivunywe.
Abenzi-zicelo abanezicelo ezivunyiweyo banikwa i-visa evumela ukuba bangena-ngene kaninzi.
Abantu abasephantsi kwabazali mabathi thaca iinkcukacha zomntu waseMzantsi Afrika oyakubangumntu obamelayo. Ezi nkcukacha mazithiwe thaca nencwadi evumayo, ubungqina obuvela kubazali bobabini bemvume yeli xesha kujongwe ukuba lihlalwe, okanye obuvela kumzali onguye yedwa ogcina umntwana ndawonye nobungqina bokugcinwa ngumzali omnye.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applyforatreatypermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yemvumelwano yincwadi enika abantu bangaphandle imvume yokungena eMzantsi Afrika ukuze bathabathe inxaxheba kwiinkqubo ekuvunyelwene ngazo nguMzantsi Afrika namazwe waba bantu.
Incwadi ephuma kwiqumrhu okanye kwiziko elibandakanyeka kwesi sivumelwano engqina uhlobo lwenkqubo. Le ncwadi iyakungqina isi sivumelwano ekuyakuqhutyelwa phantsi kwaso le nkqubo, ukuthabatha inxaxheba komenzi-sicelo kule nkqubo ixeliweyo kunye nohlobo lwemisebenzi umenzi-sicelo alindeleke ukuba ayenze phantsi kwesi sivumelwano.
Isatifiketi sokugabulwa esiphuma kumapolisa kuwo onke amazwe umenzi-sicelo nomlingane wakhe abake bahlala kuwo ukusukela kwiminyaka yobudala eli 18 kunye nezabo bonke abantwana abaxhomekeke kuye abaneminyaka yobudala eli 18 okanye nangaphezulu abayakubanaye ngelixa eseMzantsi Afrika.
Isithembiso esibhaliweyo esivela kumqashi, apho amkela uxanduva lweendleko ezayamene nokufuduswa komenzi-sicelo kunye nabo baxhomekeke kuye ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ukubangaba umqashi lisebe likarhulumente kwaye akanako ukuthi thaca esi sithembiso sibhaliweyo sixeliweyo, ilizwe elithumelayo lingathi thaca eso sithembiso egameni lalo mqashi.
Iincwadi eziphathelelene nobume bomtshato, ingxelo ebhaliweyo nefungelweyo yobulingane okanye abantwana abasaxhomekeke kubazali ngokwasemthethweni ukubangaba umenzi-sicelo uyakukhatshwa ngumlingane kunye nabantwana abaxhomekeke kubo.
Akukho xesha lisisigxina.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applyforplantbreedersrights.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zokumilisa olo hlobo zingekathengiswa apha eMzantsi Afrika kwithuba elingaphaya konyaka.
Kwimeko yohlobo lomthi okanye umdiliya, apho izixhobo zokumilisa zingekafumaneki kwelinye ilizwe, kwezoshishino okanye kuluntu kwithuba elingaphaya kweminyaka emithandathu, okanye kwimeko yesityalo nasiphi na esinye, kwithuba elingaphaya kweminyaka emine.
kufuneka sahluke ngokucacileyo kuhlobo naluphi na olunye lomnombo ofanayo kufuneka sifane, kukuthi, zonke izityalo kulimo kufuneka zikhangeleke zifana yaye zibe neempawu ezifanayo kufuneka sizinze, kukuthi, kufuneka izityalo zohlobo oluthile, emva kokulinywa amatyeli aliqela, zisoloko zikhangeleka zifana nezityalo zentsusa kufuneka sibe negama elamkelekileyo.
Xa uhlobo lwesityalo lungabonakali kuluhlu, thumela isicelo ngokuphathelele kupapasho kwakunye nenkxaso ebhaliweyo kuMbhalisi wamLungelo abaMilisi beziTyalo.
ifomu yesicelo ezaliswe ngokupheleleyo technical questionnaire intlawulo emiselweyo yesicelo novavanyo imbewu okanye izixhobo zokumilisa ugunyaziso olubhaliweyo oluvela kumnini-sityalo, ukuba awusimilisanga, wasikhetha okanye waqhubela phambili udidi.
Bonakalisa ngendlela ecacileyo kuthotho lwemibuzo ukuba udidi olutsha kufuneka luthelekiswa neziphi ezinye iindidi ezaziwayo ukumisela ukuzibalula.
Ungenza isicelo sokhuselo lwethutyana lodidi. Oku kuxela ukuthi udidi lukhuselwe ngethuba lovavanyo. Kufuneka unikezele ngokuzibophelela okubhaliweyo ukuthi ungathengisi nayiphi na into yokumilisa yodidi okujoliswe kulo kude kube zonke iimvavanyo zigqityiwe yaye kunikelwe ngamalungelo abamilisi. Luyakhuthazwa ukhuselo lwethutyana ngokuphathelele kwizityalo apho iimvavanyo zithatha ixesha elingaphaya konyaka ukuze zigqitywe.
Kukho iintsuku ezimiselweyo ekufuneka kuthunyelwe ngazo amaxwebhu nezixhobo zokumilisa kuMbhalisi. Iinkcukacha zezi ntsuku, inani lezixhobo zokumilisa ekufuneka zithunyelwe nalapho kufuneka zithunyelwe khona, ziyafumaneka kuMbhalisi.
Xa uluhlu lodidi lukhona ngokuphathelele kolo hlobo olwenzelwa isicelo samalungelo abamilisi bezityalo, thumela izicelo ngaxeshanye ukulondoloza ixesha nemali.
Inkqubo yokuhlola amalungelo abamilisi bezityalo ithatha ithuba lolimo elinye ubuncinane.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applyfortaxdirectivedirectors.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
UMthetho weRhafu yeNgeniso-mali, wango 1962 , ulungiselela iimeko apho kungenziwa khona isicelo sesikhokelo serhafu.
Enye yezi meko kuxa intlawulo yomvuzo elindelekileyo yomqondisi kunyaka omiyo ingaphantsi kwaleyo ifunyenwe kunyaka odlulileyo kwaye iyakukhokelela kwintlawulo egqithileyo yerhafu ye-PAYE, nto leyo eyakudala inzima.
Xa inkampani ingekayiqulungqi intlawulo yomvuzo yonyaka ongaphambili wovavanyo, kufuneka icele i-ofisi yebhrentshi yendawo ye-South African Revenue Service iqulungqe ubungakanani bentlawulo ethathwa ngokuba ifunyenwe ngumqondisi.
Xa usenza isicelo sesikhokelo serhafu, qinisekisa ukuba imibandela yakho yerhafu ime kakuhle. I-SARS ayidli ngokusikhupha isikhokelo serhafu ukubangaba kukho iincwadi zokubuyisa zerhafu ongekazifaki okanye unemali ongekayihlawuli yerhafu.
Intlawulo yomvuzo egqityelwe ukufunyanwa kubandakanywa izibonelelo ezisecaleni, umzekelo i50% yesibonelelo sohambo kodwa ingabandakanyi izixa zezambuku kunye neengeniso ezenziwe ngabaqondisi okanye abaqeshwa ngokuphathelelene namalungelo okufumana izibambiso ezithengisekayo.
Unyaka wovavanyo ekufunyenwe ngawo intlawulo yomvuzo.
Inani leenyanga ezigqityiweyo ekwagqityelwa ngazo ukufunyanwa intlawulo eyaziwayo yomvuzo.
Intlawulo yomvuzo eqikelelwayo okanye eyiyo nqo kunyaka omiyo..
Isicelo masiqulathe izizathu zesikhokelo. Xhasa ezi zizathu ngeencwadi ezibandakanyekayo, umzekelo, iingxelo zemali zethutyana kunye nemizuzu yeentlanganiso ezibanjwe ngabaqondisi, ebonisa ukuba iintlawulo zemivuzo eyakuhlawulwa abaqondisi iyakubangaphantsi kwaleyo yonyaka wovavanyo ophelileyo.
Akukho xesha elisisigxina.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Applyfortaxdirectivefixedpercentage.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sikhokelo sithunyelwa xa kwenziwe isicelo sokuba umvuzo womrhafi uxhuzulelwe irhafu ngepesenti esisigxina. Umqashi nguye ekufuneka athumele esi sicelo egameni lomqeshwa.
Izikhokelo azitshintsheleki, kwaye xa umqeshwa ethe watshintsha imo yakhe yengqesho, kufuneka kwenziwe isicelo esitsha. Ukubangaba usebenzela abaqashi abaninzi, yenza izicelo zezikhokelo ezohlukeneyo ngokomqashi ngamnye.
Kufuneka iikopi zeencwadi zengqesho, izivumelwano ezizikhontrakthi zenkonzo kunye neminye imiqulu ebandakanyekayo, ukuze kungqinisiswe iimeko nemigaqo yengqesho.
Isikhokelo sokuxhuzula irhafu ngepesenti esisigxina siyakukhutshelwa ixesha elithi ga kwiinyanga ezili 12, kwaye kufuneka sivuselelwe emva koko.
Qinisekisa ukuba imibandela yakho yerhafu ime kakuhle phambi kokuba wenze isicelo sesikhokelo serhafu. I-SARS ayidli ngokusikhupha isikhokelo serhafu ukubangaba kukho iincwadi zokubuyisa zerhafu ongekazibuyisi okanye kukho iintlawulo ongekazenzi.
Sakube sivunyiwe isicelo yi-SARS, kuyakuthunyelwa ubungqina kwisithuba seentsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa ke, sona isikhokelo esigunyazisiweyo serhafu singathabatha ukuyakutsho kwiiveki ezine.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ApplytoundertakeCommercialFishing.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ngaphezu koko, ukongeza kwipemithi yokuloba ngenjongo yokurhweba , uya kufuna ipemithi yokuthutha iintlanzi.
Yenza isicelo selungelo lokuloba kuphela xa kukho isimemo esinokupapashwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente.
Funda ngononophelo, qonda uze uqinisekise ukuba uyazanelisa iimfuneko zokwenza isicelo kwakunye nemiqathango.
Zalisa, usayine uze ungenise ifom kunye namaxwebhu axhasayo ayimfuneko angqinisisiweyo kwakunye nentlawulo emiselweyo engayi kubuyiswa kulo ndawo icaciswe lisebe okanye yi-ofisi yakwa- DEA&T ekufutshane kuwe.
Inkqubo yovavanyo iya kuqala emva komhla omisiweyo wokuvala kwizicelo ukuze iziphumo zibhengezwe ngembalelwano yi-DEA&T.
Inkqubo yokusingathwa kwesicelo ingathatha inyanga enye ukuya kwezi-3 okanye ngaphezulu ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo wezicelo kunye/okanye ngexesha lonyaka lecandelo lokuloba.
Inkqubo yokusingathwa kwesicelo ingathatha inyanga enye ukuya kwezi-3 okanye ngaphezulu ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo wezicelo kunye/okanye ngexesha lonyaka lecandelo lokuloba.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Apppermitoimportfishcommercialbasis.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukungenisa iintlanzi zamazwe angaphandle ngenjongo yokurhweba kuthetha ukuba wenza imisebenzi efana nokungenisa iintlanzi zolwandle zamazwe angaphandle ngenjongo yokurhweba ngazo. Ukuze ungenise iintlanzi zolwandle zamazwe angaphandle , kufuneka wenze isicelo sepemithi yokungenisa iintlanzi zamazwe angaphandle nesivunywa nguMphathiswa weMicimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho okanye umntu onegunya lokwenza oko . Akukho mntu uya kurhweba angenise iintlanzi zolwandle zamazwe angaphandle ngaphandle kwepemithi. Yenza isicelo sepemithi entsha yokungenisa iintlanzi zolwandle zamazwe angaphandle xa leyo ubunayo iphelelwe lixesha. Ukungaphumeleli ukubambelela kwimiqathango yepemithi kunganeziphumo zokunqunyanyiswa okanye ukurhoxiswa kwayo.
Akukho nonkala uhleliyo welizwe langaphandle unokungeniswa kweli lizwe.
Funda ifom yokwenza isicelo ngononophelo uze uqinisekise ukuba uyazanelisa iimfuneko nemiqathango.
iidilesi zendawo yokuhlala zabantu abathumela iintlanzi apha kwilizwe lokuzalwa amagama awaziwayo nangawenzululwazi eentlobo zeentlanzi ubungakanani beentlobo eziza kungeniswa zamazwe angaphandle.
Iifom eziyintsusa mazithunyelwe ngeposi, kwaye ukungakwenzi oko, kuya kubangela ukuba ipemithi ingakhutshwa.
Intlawulo yokwenza isicelo eyi-R225 iyafuneka.
Inkqubo yokwenza isicelo ingathatha iintsuku zokusebenza ezisi-7 okanye ngaphezulu ngokuxhomekeke ekufakweni kwesicelo ngokufanelekileyo.
Intlawulo yokwenza isicelo ye-R225 . Intlawulo ixhomekeke ekujongisisweni kwakhona kwaqho ngonyaka okanye ukuqinisekiswa nguMphathiswa weSebe leMicimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho okanye abanegunya lokwenza oko ngokusebenzisana noMphathiswa wezeMali.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Approveanimalforcollectionofsemen.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
kwimo yempilo ngokubanzi ukungabinazo izifo kudidi lwencindi yobudoda kwiimpawu ezinye ezinokumiselwa.
Khupha ifomu yesicelo kwi-inthanethi uze uzalise ifomu yesicelo ngokwahlukanisa oonombumba usebenzisa oonobumba abakhulu. Ifomu kananjalo ingacelwa kuMbhalisi wokuPhucula iziLwanyana.
Isicelo kufuneka senziwe ngegama leziko elibhalisiweyo apho isilwanyana siya kugcinwa khona.
Kufuneka isicelo sithunyelwe kumbutho ofanelekileyo wabazalisi.
DNA/ isiqinisekiso sohlobo lwegazi iirekhodi zokusebenza kwesilwanyana intlawulo emiselweyo yesicelo.
Isicelo kufuneka siqinisekiswe ngugqirha wezilwanyana wangasese size singqinwe ngugqirha wezilwanyana osemthethweni.
Xa umbhalisi engavumi ukwamkela isicelo, umenzi wesicelo uya kwaziswa ngeleta malunga nesigqibo nezizathu ekusekelwe phezu kwazo.
Xa umbhalisi esamkela isicelo malunga nemvume yesilwanyana esichaphazelekayo esifana nesilwanyana esingumnikeli, kuya kukhutshwa isiqinisekiso semvume.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Appsetuplearnemp.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
I-learnership yindlela eyenye yokuqeqesha egxininisa kumava okwenza umsebenzi.
Ii-Learnerships zibandakanya ukufunda kwigumbi lokufundela, kwiziko loqeqesho okanye kwikholeji, kunye nokuqeqeshelwa emsebenzini nqo kwindawo yokusebenza.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
Khangela umntu kwinkampani okanye kwiziko lakho akhokele abafundi kwaye abancede ngengxaki abangajongana nazo mhlawumbi kule nkampani yakho.
Khangela umntu wokuncedisa umfundi ngenxenye yezifundo zengqondo ze-learnership ngokukhetha umniki-nkonzo zoqeqesho. Lo mniki-nkonzo zoqeqesho kufuneka abe unikwe uqinisekiso lokuvunywa nokwamkelwa yi-SETA.
Abaqeshi bangakhetha abafundi kwalapha kubasebenzi babo okanye bangakhetha abantu abangaphangeliyo bangenele i-learnership. Ukubangaba abaqeshi bafuna abantu abangaphangeliyo kwii-learnerships, banganxulumana neziko lezabasebenzi elikufuphi kubo ukuze bafumane uluhlu lwamagama akhoyo abantu abangaphangeliyo. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba abaqeshi babaqeshe aba bafundi bangaphangeliyo emva kwee-learnership.
Abaqeshi, abaniki-nkonzo zoqeqesho kunye nabafundi kufuneka basayine isivumelwano se-learnership.
Akuba egqityiwe wonke la manyathelo, abaqeshi bangayiqhuba i-learnership.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ArchivalRetrievalSystem.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
I-NAAIRS incedisa abasebenzisi beendawo ezilondoloza imiqulu neengxelo ezibalulekileyo zembali bachaze kwaye babone ukuba ziphina izibhalo nezinto ezingqamene neemfuno zabo.
I-NAAIRS iqulathe kuphela inkcazelo malunga nezibhalo nezinto ezikwimiqulu neengxelo ezibalulekileyo zembali, hayi uqobo lwezibhalo nezinto zemiqulu.
Isininzi semiqulu neengxelo ezibalulekileyo ziingxelo zoluntu eziselugcinweni lweNdawo yeLizwe enguMthombo noVimba weMiqulu neeNgxelo eziBalulekileyo zeMbali , kunye neendawo zamaphondo eziyimithombo noovimba bemiqulu neengxelo ezibalulekileyo zembali. I-NAAIRS ikwafake iincwadi zelizwe zobhaliso lweengxelo ezingezizo ezoluntu eziselugcinweni lweendawo zabucala eziyimithombo noovimba bemiqulu neengxelo ezibalulekileyo zembali, ezingaphezulu kwama 40. Nangona nje ufikelelo loqobo kwimiqulu yeengxelo ezibalulekileyo zembali ingahlawulelwa, uluntu luyahlawuliswa ngokuvelisa iikopi zezi zibhalo neengxelo ukuze baphinde bazisebenzise; nokuba ziikopi zemifanekiso okanye zamaphepha. Nayo imipapasho iyathengiswa.
Kungathabatha iintsuku zokusebenza ezisixhenxe ukuze ubone ukuba ziphina izibhalo nezinto ezikwimiqulu neengxelo ezibalulekileyo zembali.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Arrangetopayoutstandingtaxesduetosars.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Xa uthe awukwazi ukuhlawula le mali ifunekayo ngalo mhla wokuhlawula uchaziweyo, ungacela ukwenza amalungiselelo okubeka omnye umhla wokuhlawula loo mali.
Amalungiselelo okubeka omnye umhla ngokuphathelelene nemali eyintsilelo kwi-akhawunti yakho, angaqwalaselwa uyakuyakuthi ga kwiinyanga ezintathu, kuxhomekeke kwizizathu zesicelo.
I-SARS iyakuqwalasela isicelo sakho kwaye yenze isigqibo sokugqibela kumalungiselelo okubeka omnye umhla wentlawulo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba i-SARS ingasala esi sicelo xa ibona njalo.
Sayina isivumelwano sokubeka omnye umhla wokuhlawula phambi kokuba la malungiselelo abhalwe kwiingxelo zakho zerhafu.
Ukuba uthe awaphumelela ukuhambisana nemiqathango yokuhlawula le mali kusafuneka uyihlawule njengoko kuxeliwe kwisivumelwano esisayinwe ne-SARS, amalungiselelo esivumelwano ayakupheliswa kwaye kuyakuqaliswa imigaqo yokulandela yesiqhelo ukuze kufunyanwe le mali iseleyo kusafuneka uyihlawule.
Akukho xesha liqingqwayo kule nkonzo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Aticc.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli Ziko leNtshona Koloni Linikezela Ngoqeqesho ngoGawulayo, Ngolwazi Nangeengcebiso (iATTIC ngamafuphi) lelinye lamaziko angamashumi amabini anesine aze liSebe Lesizwe Lezempilo ukususela ngo-1989 ukuya kuma ngo-1995. i-ATTIC yaseNtshona Kapa yaphehlelelwa ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesithandathu kwinyanga yeKhala ngo-1989. Eyona njongo yayikukuqeqesha Abanikezeli Beenkonzo Zempilo ukuze babe nokuyixhobela intsholongwane yalo bhubhane unguGawulayo kweli Phondo. Njengoko licacisa igama, imisebenzi ye-ATTIC iquka Uqeqesho, Ukunikezela Ngolwazi kwakunye Noncedo Neengcebiso, ndawonye nokuvavanyelwa le ntsholongwane.
Njengengxenye kaRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Kapa, iATTIC yaseNtshona Koloni ikhe yanoxanduva olukhulu lokujongana namaqhinga okuthintela intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo/izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kunye nesifo sephepha kweli Phondo. Ngaphezu kwabanikezeli ngeenkonzo zononophelo kwicandelo lezempilo, iATTIC le sele iqeqeshe, phakathi kwabanye, imibutho efana: neLifeline, iFAMSA, Abanonopheli Bezempilo Basemakhayeni abaphuma kwisibhedlele soMnqamlezo Obomvu, iNazareth House, iBeautiful Gate, kwakunye noninzi lweminye imibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente ndawonye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni.
i-ATICC le ixhobisa uluntu ngezakhono zokuthabatha oko lukufundileyo, ze iluncedise nasekuphumezeni le mfundo ibe ziinkonzo zokwenene kwiindawo oluhlala kuzo. Kwishumi elinesihlanu leminyaka edlulileyo, okokoko yathi yasekwa, iATTIC le sele iqeqeshe amawaka-waka abantu kweli phondo ekungoku nje banikezela ngoncedo nangeengcebiso, imfundo ngefuthe loontanga, unonophelo lokonga, unonophelo lwasekhaya, inkxaso kumsebenzi wentlalo-ntle kwakunye nenkxaso kwimpilo yengqondo kwiindawo abahlala kuzo.
Umbono Wethu i-ATICC le licandelwana leli Candelo lolawulo elijongana Noqeqesho kwicala Lentsholongwane kaGawulayo/likaGawulayo: iCandelo Leenkonzo Zempilo Zesithili ndawonye Neenkqubo, kwiSebe Lephondo Lezempilo. Umbono we-ATTIC kukuba eli ziko ibe lilo elikhokelayo ekuthinteleni ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Eyona njongo yethu kukuthintela ukusasazeka nokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo ze sinikezele nenkxaso kumaxhoba aphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Oku kungazuzeka ngokuthi kuqeqeshwe Abasebenzi kwiCandelo Lononophelo Lwempilo ze futhi kunikezelwe ulwazi nezibonelelo kuluntu jikelele, kwanangokuthi kuncedwe kucetyiswe uluntu ngemigaqo eyiyo yokuziphatha.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Bylawsshort_dl_xho.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
UMthetho kaMasipala olawula ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, amanzi amdaka kunye nomjelo ohambisa amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso nowabhengezwa ngomhla woku-1 Septemba 2006. Ngaphandle kokudityaniswa kwenyathelo elikumyinge we-10% wokongiwa kwamanzi ngokusisigxina kusetyenziswa amanye amanyathelo athintelayo naqulethwe kwishedyuli elawula imfuneko yamanzi, kukwakho nezinye izinto ezimbalwa ekuyimfuneko ukuba zithotyelwe nekunokwenzeka ukuba akunalwazi ngazo.
UMthetho kaMasipala olawula ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi uza kuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi aselwayo asetyenziswa ngentlonipho nangenkathalo, kukhuthazwa ukutshintshwa kwezimo zabantu ngaxeshanye kuqinisekiswa ukuba "ukonga amanzi yindlela yokuphila". Izithintelo zamanzi ngamanyathelo ethutyana ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba sinemithombo elungileyo neyaneleyo yonikezelo ngamanzi kuthi sonke ngamaxesha okunqongophala kwamanzi ngokumandla, kodwa imithetho kamasipala ngamanyathelo asigxina ebomini bethu, ngako oko kuyimfuneko ukuba sisonke sibe nolwazi ngoxanduva lwethu oluqulethwe kumaxwebhu emithetho kamasipala.
Akukho mntu unelungelo lokudlala ngamanzi, nokuba oko ukwenza kungokungakhathali okanye ngenjongo ngokuthi ayeke amanzi aphalale kwizixhobo ezifakiweyo zamanzi/kwiitephu; ayeke imibhobho okanye iitephu zamanzi zivuze; asebenzise izixhobo zeetephu ezingafakelwanga ngokuchanekileyo okanye ezineziphene; ayekele ukuphuphuma/ukuphalala kwamanzi ungakunqandi; ukusebenzisa amanzi ngendlela engeyiyo okanye uvumele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwamanzi ungakunqandi.
Kuyimfuneko ukuba wonke umsebenzi wokufakelwa kwezixhobo zamanzi kwenziwe ngumsebenzi otywina imibhobho yamanzi owufundeleyo nonamava kulo msebenzi, yaye luxanduva lomnini-propati ukuqinisekisa ukuba lo msebenzi wokufakelwa kwezixhobo zamanzi wenziwe ngumtywini wemibhobho owufundeleyo lo msebenzi yaye wenziwa ngokuthobela lo mthetho kamasipala.
Bonke abanini-propati nabasebenzisi-bamanzi kuyimfuneko ukuba bathobele imiqathango yokulondolozwa kakuhle kwamanzi neyokusebenzisa amanzi ngokuyimfuneko njengoko ichaziwe kwiShedyuli 2 yalo mthetho kamasipala.
ISchedyuli 2 iqulethe iingongoma ezili-18.
Umthamo wamanzi kumaqula agcina amanzi kwizindlu zangasese akuvumelekanga ukuba ube ngaphezu kwe-9.
Izicwangciso zokucocwa kwemijelo yamanzi evalekileyo zinokwenziwa liBhunga ngeendleko zomnini-propati.
<fn>GOV-ZA.C.95065.1.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > C > Ityala Neemali-mboleko &gt Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Xa kuthethwa ngetyala kubhekiswa kumalungiselelo apho uthenga izinto ze uzihlawule emva kokuba sele uzisebenzisa. Ngamaxesha amaninzi uyihlawula into ngezavenge ezitsala de kube lithuba elithile.
izivumelwano zokuqesha okanye izivumelwano zokuthenga uhlawule ngezavenge (umzekelo, apho uvuma ukuhlawulela into kwisithuba sexesha elithile, njengakwivenkile yefenitshala - ezi ke zazisakwaziwa njengezivumelwano zokuthenga ngetyala).
Usenakho nokulifumana ityala ngokuboleka ebhankini okanye kumatshonisa. Kule meko ke, unikwa imali-mboleko eziinkozo. Ulindeleke ukuba uyibuyise le mali ngexesha ekuvunyelwene ngalo. Ukwalindeleke ukuba uhlawule nenzala kule mali-mboleko.
ungathabatha ixesha elingakanani na ukulihlawula eli tyala.
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Isivumelwano Setyala?
Yntoni Uncedo-mali Lwezinga Olusezantasi?
Yintoni iMbalana Yamatyala Yaye Yintoni Ukubekwa Kwiincwadi Zabangawahlawuli Amatyala abo?
Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.C.95065.3.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu ncedo-mali ligama elibanzi nelisetyenziswa ukuchaza ukubolekisa ngemali kwizinga elisezantsi.
Ngeenkonzo, iingcebiso nolwazi, tyelela iwebsite yeMFRC.
ngamalungelo ukusebenza ngendlela engeyiyo ababolekisi ababhalisileyo nangezikhalazo.
Ababolekisi kwizinga elisezantsi abangabhalisanga kwiMFRC, nabo baphantsi komthetho iUsury Act. Lo mthetho uthintela ababolekisi ekubeni batyabule ababoleki iinzala ezinkulu ngokugqithisileyo. La mazinga enzala nawo ahluka ngokwamaxesha yaye inzala esebenzayo ixhomekeke kumhla wokuphunyezwa kwesivumelwano sokubolekana imali. Okwangoku nje, aba babolekisi ananakho ukubiza inzala engaphezu kwamashumi amabini anesithsthu ekhulwini ngonyaka kwimali-mboleko engaphantsi kweshumi lamawaka eerandi, futhi bengenakho nokubiza inzala engaphezu kwamashumi amabini ekhulwini ngonyaka kwimali-mboleko engaphezu kweshumi lamawaka eerandi.
Ababolekisi abangabhalisanga baphantsi kolawulo lweSebe Leentengiso Noshishino futhi bangakuboleka imali efikelela kumashumi amahlanu amawaka eerandi. Isivumelwano sakho siya kuchaza ukuba le mali-mboleko kufuneka ugqibe nini na ukuyihlawula.
Ungasirhoxisa isibhambathiso semali-mboleko nombolekisi ongapbhalisanga kuphela ukuba wena naye navumelana ngoku ngaphambi kokuba utyikitye esi sivumelwano.
Uneentsuku zokurhoxisa isibhambathiso semali-mboleko nombolekisi obhalisileyo, ukuba uthi ujike ingqondo.
Fumana isibhambathiso esibhalwe phantsi esichaza zonke iindleko namatyala***.
Ababolekisi kufuneka basebenzise iindlela zomthetho okulanda iimali zabo ababolekise ngazo.
akucele ukugcina ikhadi lakho lebhanki afune ukugcina inombolo yakho yebhanki eyimfihlelo akucele ukuba ushiye iincwadana yakho yesazisi akucele ukuba ushiye ikhadi lakho lokundodlela inkxaso-mali ephuma kurhulumente akucele ukuba utyikitye iimpepha ezingabhalwanga nto asebenzise ubundlobongela xa efuna imali yakhe.
Akukho mbolekisi unokufuna imali ngokufakwa kwakho isicelo semali-mboleko, ngamanye amazwi, intlawulo yaxa utyikitya isivumelwano.
Musa ukulityikitya iphepha elithi "Imvume Yokugwetywa" xa uthabatha imali-mboleko.
Unelungelo lokucela iphetshana elichaza ukuba sele uhlawule malini futhi usatyala malini na nangaliphi na ixesha.
Kukwafuneka ufumane nekopi yakho yesibhambathiso kwiintsuku nje ezilishumi elinesine usityikityile eso sibhambathiso.
Akunskho ukuyisebenzisa inkxaso-mali ephuma kuRhulumente (umzekelo, umhlala-hantsi okanye inkxaso-mali yokunonotshelwa komntwana) njengesiqinisekiso sokuba uya kuyibuyisa loo mali-mboleko. Ababolekisi abavumelekanga ukuba bagcine ikhadi lakho lokufumana intlawulo yenkxaso-mali ephuma kurhulumente njengesiqinisekiso sokuba uya kuzihlawula iimali-mboleko zabo.
Ukuba ungumntu ofumana inkxaso-mali ephuma kurhulumente, kuya kufuneka uytikitye isibhengezo esithi ikhadi lakho lokufumana iintlawulo zenkxaso-mali ephuma kurhulumente uya kuligcina kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, (khadi elo likwabizwa njenge-Allpay Card) yaye akuyi kulinikezela kumbolekisi weemali-mboleko.
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Isivumelwano Setyala?
Yintoni iMbalana Yamatyala Yaye Yintoni Ukubekwa Kwiincwadi Zabangawahlawuli Amatyala abo?
Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
<fn>GOV-ZA.C.95065.5.5.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ityala Neemali-mboleko &gt Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
Ukuba uthenga ngetyala, le venkile/lo mntu uthenga kuye uba ngumnini wezo zinto uzithengileyo de ube ugqibile ukuzihlawula zonke izavenge.
Ukuba le venkile ifuna ukukunyanzela ubuyise ezo zinto, oko kuya kuthetha ukuba kufuneka inikwe umyalelo wenkundla. Phambi kokuba ibe nokuwufumana lo myalelo, le venkile uyityalayo kufuneka ikuthumele incwadi yembalelwano eqinisekisiweyo ekuyalela ukuba usemva ngeentlawulo zezavenge futhi le mali ungekayihlawuli kufuneka ihlawulwe kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu. Ukuba wawukhe wasemva kwixesha elingaphambili kwiintlawulo zakho ze wafumana incwadi yembalelwano ekunyanzelisa ukuba uhlawule, ze uphinde ube semva kwakhona, ivenkile oyityalayo iya kukuthumela incwadi yembalelwano ekunyanzelisa ukuba uhlawule izavenge zezo nyanga ungazihlawulanga kwiintsuku nje ezilishumi elinesine. Ukuba uyazidela ezi ncwadi ngokuthi ungahlawuli kwakhona, ivenkile leyo ke ingawufumana umyalelo wenkundla oyivumela ukuba ize kulanda impahla yayo kuwe.
Ukuba uthi ufumane umyalelo okunyanzelisa ukuba uye kuvela enkundleni, kuya kufuneka wenze isicelo esibhaliweyo kwinkundla, okanye ke ufake isigqibo esifungelwe esichasa esi sale venkile, apho ucacisa ukuba kutheni nje ungayihlawuli le mali (umzekelo, le venkile ingafaka ibango lemali engaphezu uyityala yona). Iimbambano ezinje ngokwesiqhelo zisonjululwa ngaphandle kokubekwa ityala, kodwa ke ukuba imbambano ithi ingasombululeki futhi nawe uzimisele ukuya kuzimela enkundleni, kufuneka ufake Isaziso Sesidingo Sokuzikhusela. Ukuba le mbambano iya ekubekweni ityala yaye akuzikhuseli okanye ukuba inkundla icinga ukuba akunazizathu zibambekayo, inkundla le ingakhupha umyalelo ovumela le venkile ukuba iya kulanda impahla yayo kuwe.
Umthunywa weNkundla nguye onoxanduva lokuthimba impahla. Eli gosa liya kukubonisa umyalelo wenkundla ze athathe aze kuyithimba. Ukuba umthunywa wenkundla unomyalelo wenkundla, wena (okanye nabani na osekhayeni lakho ngelo xesha) kufuneka umvumele angene endlwini apho enze ngokomyalelo lowo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ivenkile le uyityalayo ayiyi kuyifuna impahla ze ikunike umyalelo wokuba uvele enkundleni ukuze ukhuphe imali yayo. Kule meko, le venkile kuya kufuneka icacise ukuba kutheni na ingenakuyamkela impahla eyakuthengisela yona.
Ingaba izavenge osele wazirhola uya kuzibuyiselwa na ukuba impahla leyo ithi yohluthwe Ixabiso lale mpahla lisenokuba lehla okoko wathi wayithenga kuba ingasekho ntsha. Ngokuxhomekeka kwixabiso lempahla ethinjiweyo, ungayifumana imbuyekezo (ukuba ixabiso lale mpahla kunye nesixa osele wasihlawula zingaphezu kwesixa ubuyityala sona le venkile, uya kuthi unikwe imali eseleyo). Kodwa ke ukuba le mpahla inexabiso eliphantsi kunemali osatityala yona le venkile, wena usayityala imali le venkile?
Ukuba mntu wumbi (njengomthunywa wokunyanzelisa umntu ukuba ahlawule ivenkile okanye umntu othile) uthe wathunyelwa ukuba aye kubanga imali kuwe ze akaziphatha kakuhle xa esenza oku, ungafaka isikahalazo kwiBhunga Lwababuthi Bamatyala (bonke ababuthi bamatyala kufuneka babhalise kweli bhunga).
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Isivumelwano Setyala?
Yintoni iMbalana Yamatyala Yaye Yintoni Ukubekwa Kwiincwadi Zabangawahlawuli Amatyala abo?
Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
<fn>GOV-ZA.C.95065.6.6.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuvalwa ematyaleni: Apha kuxa umntu enembali embi yamatyala yaye iivenkile zingasafuni kumvulela tyala litsha.
Isivumelwano Setyala: Esi ke sisivumelwano esibophelela ngokomthetho apho umboleki afumana impahla/imali ngoku ze avume ukuba uya kuyihlawula kwixesha elisezayo ekuvunyelwene ngalo.
iCredit Bureaux: Ezi ziinkampani zabucala eziqokelela iinkcukacha ngeembali ezintle nezimbi zentlawulo yamatyala zabantu neenkampani ze zizithengise ezi nkcukacha kwiivenkile okanye kubantu abathengisa ngetyala/ababolekisa ngemali.
Isixa-mali Onokuvunyelwa Usityale: Isixa semali onokuyisebenzisa sisixa semali iivenkile ezithengisa ngetyala ezinokumqingqela sona umntu okanye ishishini elithile. Ezi zixa zemali zinokuphinda ziqwalaselwe (oko ke kukuthi zinganyuswa okanye zehliswe).
Imbali Yetyala: Le ke yimbali yendlela yokuhlawula yomntu okanye yenkampani ethile, eqokelelwe ze yagcinwa yiCredit Bureau.
Inzala: Le ke yimali eyangezwa kwimali-mboleko, ebalwa ngokwepesenti yemali oyibolekileyo.
Ababolekisi Kwizinga Elisezantsi: Ezi ziinkampani okanye abantu ababolekisa ngeemali ezincinci kwabo banomdla wokuboleka.
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Isivumelwano Setyala?
Yntoni Uncedo-mali Lwezinga Olusezantasi?
Yintoni iMbalana Yamatyala Yaye Yintoni Ukubekwa Kwiincwadi Zabangawahlawuli Amatyala abo?
Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.CLO_ad_Gugs_Otc_08_Xho.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Eyona njongo iphambili yalo msebenzi kukuqinisekisa ukuba uluntu lasekuhlaleni lufumana ukuxhamla ngokufanelekileyo kule khontrakthi yolwakhiwo - ngokuthi luxhamle kwezemisebenzi/kwingqesho (ngokwabanezakhono, izakhono eziphakathi nabangenazo izakhono) nangokuxhamla kwiikhontrakthi eziphantsi kwezinye.
Uqhagamshelwano phakathi kweSixeko, uluntu nonokontraka.
Uxanduva lokubonelela ngekhonkco phakathi kwezibonelelo zasekuhlaleni nonokontraka.
Uxanduva lokugcina/lokulondoloza uvimba ongeenkcukacha zezibonelelo/imithombo yasekuhlaleni.
Asoloko egqithisa ulwazi kunokontraka nakwiSixeko malunga nemicimbi yoluntu kunye nezikhalazo/iingxaki eziya kuthi zibekho.
Ukunika ingxelo, rhoqo, ngenyanga kwiSixeko, nakwimibutho yoluntu ngokuphathelene nokubandakanyeka koluntu ngokujoliswe kwezoqeqesho nobume bezengqesho ngokulinganayo/ngokobulungisa.
Kufuneka ubenakho ukunxibelelana/indlela eyamkelekileyo yokuthetha, ukufunda nokubhala ngesiXhosa nangesiNgesi.
Kufuneka uthembeke kwaye ubenenkathalo.
Kufuneka ubenolwazi oluphangaleleyo lommandla waseGuguletu.
Kufuneka kungokunje ube awuqeshwanga.
Kufuneka ube uzimisele ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.
Kufuneka ube unezakhono zokusombulula imbambano/impikiswano/ingxabano.
Kufuneka ubenezakhono zokuphuhlisa umbutho.
Ukuqinisekiswa kokufumaneka kwesicelo kuya kuthi kwenziwe ngokubhaliweyo kuphela kwaye izicelo ezingeniswe emva kokugqitha/kokudlula komhla omiselweyo wokungeniswa kwazo, azisayi kuqwalaselwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.CLO_ad_Nyanga_Oct_08_Xho.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
IProjekthi engamaBala aseMgangathweni oLuntu iya kuthi iqalise eNyanga. Isixeko saseKapa kungokunje sifuna ukuchonga amaGosa oQhagamshelwano noLuntu ukuze asebenze kule projekthi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amaGosa la oQhagamshelwano noLuntu aya kuthi aqeshwe ngunokontraka wezokwakha, ngokwesithuba sokuqhubekeka kwekhontrakthi yolwakhiwo/yokwakha kuphela.
Eyona njongo iphambili yalo msebenzi kukuqinisekisa ukuba uluntu lasekuhlaleni lufumana ukuxhamla ngokufanelekileyo kule khontrakthi yolwakhiwo - ngokuthi luxhamle kwezemisebenzi/kwingqesho (ngokwabanezakhono, izakhono eziphakathi nabangenazo izakhono) nangokuxhamla kwiikhontrakthi eziphantsi kwezinye.
Uqhagamshelwano phakathi kweSixeko, uluntu nonokontraka.
Uxanduva lokubonelela ngekhonkco phakathi kwezibonelelo zasekuhlaleni nonokontraka.
Uxanduva lokugcina/lokulondoloza uvimba ongeenkcukacha zezibonelelo/imithombo yasekuhlaleni.
Asoloko egqithisa ulwazi kunokontraka nakwiSixeko malunga nemicimbi yoluntu kunye nezikhalazo/iingxaki eziya kuthi zibekho.
Ukunika ingxelo, rhoqo, ngenyanga kwiSixeko, nakwimibutho yoluntu ngokuphathelene nokubandakanyeka koluntu ngokujoliswe kwezoqeqesho nobume bezengqesho ngokulinganayo/ngokobulungisa.
Kufuneka ubenakho ukunxibelelana/indlela eyamkelekileyo yokuthetha, ukufunda nokubhala ngesiXhosa nangesiNgesi.
Kufuneka uthembeke kwaye ubenenkathalo.
Kufuneka ubenolwazi oluphangaleleyo lommandla waseNyanga.
Kufuneka kungokunje ube awuqeshwanga.
Kufuneka ube uzimisele ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.
Kufuneka ube unezakhono zokusombulula imbambano/impikiswano/ingxabano.
Kufuneka ubenezakhono zokuphuhlisa umbutho.
Ukuqinisekiswa kokufumaneka kwesicelo kuya kuthi kwenziwe ngokubhaliweyo kuphela kwaye izicelo ezingeniswe emva kokugqitha/kokudlula komhla omiselweyo wokungeniswa kwazo, azisayi kuqwalaselwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Capegateway.gov.za.xho.copyright.copyright.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
"Ulawulo apho uluntu lwazi onke amanyathelo karhulumente kufuneka lukhuthazwe ngokubonelela uluntu ngolwazi oluvela kwangexesha, olufumanekayo kwanoluchanekileyo."
"Ukusetyenziswa kolwazi olululo, oluphuhlisa uqoqosho nolusebenzayo kufuneka kuphuhliswe." UMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika s195(b).
Sikholelwa ekubeni eyona ndlela yokusasaza ulwazi olufunwa luluntu nolugcinwe ngumbuso ngeyona ndlela ingeyonkcitha-mali kukuvumela abanye abantu baphinde bavelise olo lwazi ngaphandle kokudleka ngezimali - futhi lukhutshwe luse lulo. Sithi ke ngoko sikholelwe ekubeni ukuvunyelwa simahla kodwa ke phantsi kwemiqathango yokunikezelwa kwamalungelo okuphinda kuvezwe olo lwazi kumaphepha akhuthaza intsebenziswano noluntu yiyo efunwa nguMgaqo-siseko.
Zonke iimpepha eziphuma kwiCape Gateway ziphantsi kwemiqathango yamalungelo obunini bukarhulumente ngokwemigaqo yomthetho I-Copyright Act ka-1978.
Kwizibhalo ezisesikweni ezikumila kuyimigaqo, ezolawulo nezemithetho, kuquka neenguqulelo zazo ezisesikweni.
Unakho ukuphinda uvelise ezi zibhalo ngokukhululekileyo.
Ungaphinda uzivelise izibhalo ezinamalungelo obunini (ngaphandle kwezo zizezamanye amaqurhu) kule website ngeenjongo ezingenaminqweno yangeniso nangayiphi na indlela uzisasaze ngaphandle kokufumana imvume. Oku ke kuphantsi kwesidingo sokuba uphinde uvelise ezo zibhalo njengoko zinjalo, yaye zingekho kwindlela ethukayo, esengela phantsi okanye elahlekisayo.
Apho ushicilela okanye ukhuphele oku kubhaliweyo kubanye abantu kufuneka uchaze ukuba kuvela phi (kuquka ne-URL) kwanobume bako ngokwamalungelo oshicilelo nobunini.
Unakho nokuphinda uzivelise izibhalo ezinamalungelo obunini kule website ngeenjongo zokufumana ingeniso, kodwa ke kufuneka kuqala ucele ze ufumane imvume yokuzisebenzisa ngeenjongo zokufumana ingeniso.
Iphepha-mvume lokuphinda kuveliswe okubhaliweyo aliziquki izibhalo ezinamalungleo obunini kwiimpepha ezizezamanye amaqumrhu. Oku kuya kusoloko kubonakala ngolu phawu Â© luncanyathiselwe egameni lalowo unamalungelo obunini. Kufuneka ufumane imvume yokuphinda uvelise lo nto ibhaliweyo kweloo qumrhu linamalungelo obunini.
Awunakuyisebenzisa imifanekiso okanye eminye imsebenzi yobuchule ebandakanywe kule website ngaphandle kwemvume kaRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni.
Nceda uqhagamshelane ggrammer@pgwc.gov.za ngemibuzo enento yokwenza nokufikelela nakweziphi na iimvume ezichazwe kweli phepha-mvume.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Capegateway.gov.za.xho.tenders.closed.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Certificateofacceptabilityforhandlingandtransporti.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Nawuphi na umntu onqwenela ukubanendawo yokutya okanye ukuthutha ukutya kufanele abenesatifiketi sokwamkeleka. Esi satifiketi sikhutshwa emva kokuba abahloli abaphuma koogunyaziwe bendawo beyihlolile le ndawo okanye esi sithuthi.
Yenza isicelo semvume okanye sesatifiketi sokuthutha okanye sokuphatha ukutya kugunyaziwe wendawo ohlala kuyo.
Lungisa indawo efanelekileyo esetyenziselwa kuphela ukuphatha ukutya okanye isithuthi esisetyenziselwa kuphela ukuthutha ukutya.
Gcina isithuthi okanye indawo icocekile ngamaxesha onke, ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ukutya okuthuthwayo okanye okuphathwayo akungcoliswa ziimpukane, ukungcola, ubunyhukunyhuku, ubumdaka okanye nayiphi na enye into engcolisayo.
Isithuthi okanye indawo iya kuhlolwa ngabahloli abaphuma kugunyaziwe wendawo ohlala kuyo ukuze ivumeleke ukuba ithuthe okanye iphathe ukutya.
Umgangatho ofikelelwayo uxhomekeka kubahloli abaphuma kugunyaziwe wendawo ohlala kuyo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa, kodwa oogunyaziwe bendawo ohlala kuyo bangabiza intlawulo ethile.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Certificateofacceptabilityformilkhandlingnadtransp.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iishedi ekusengelwa kuzo ziindawo ezisetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa nokuphathwa kobisi ngokucocekileyo nangokunempilo. Isicelo sesatifiketi sokwamkeleka kweshedi yokusengela kufuneka sifakwe ngencwadi ebhaliweyo. Esi sicelo kufuneka sibandakanye inkcazelo exelwe apha ngezantsi.
Thumela isicelo esibhaliweyo kugunyaziwe wendawo kummandla apho ikhoyo okanye izakwakhiwa khona ishedi yokusengela.
Isicwangciso sesiza ekuboniswe kuso umntla, ndawonye nazo zonke izakhiwo ezisecaleni nezikumda wale ndawo, kunye nento ezisetyenziselwa yona.
Umzobo obonisa uyilo lwale ndawo ngokweqondo lokulinganisa le 1:100 kuwo wonke amaziko eshedi yokusengela, abandakanya isicwangciso somgangatho, imbonakaliso ngokwamacandelo kunye nokunyuka okuthe nkqo.
Zilungiselele ukunika nayiphi na inkcazelo engacelwa ngugunyaziwe wendawo.
Umhloli ophuma kugunyaziwe wendawo uhlola le ndawo ineshedi ngokupheleleyo. Umhloli uthumela ingxelo kunye nesiphakamiso kugunyaziwe wendawo.
Kukhutshwa isatifiketi sokwamkeleka ukubangaba ingxelo yomhloli ithetha kakuhle ngale shedi.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Isicelo sesatifiketi sokwamkeleka kweshedi yokusengela. Elifom lifumaneka kugunyaziwe wendawo okanye kwiSebe lezeMpilo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Certificatetoremoveimportedliquor.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umngenisi elizweni uswela isiqinisekiso sokuhambisa iimveliso zeziselo ezinxilisayo ezisezibhotileni ukusuka ezibukweni lokungena ukuza kuthengiswa apha eMzantsi Afrika. Umngenisi wezinto elizweni uswela isiqinisekiso ngokubhekiselele kumnthwalo ngamnye.
Khulula umthwalo wesiselo esinxilisayo ezibukweni lokungena xeshikweni umhloli weSebe lezoLimo ekhangele.
Nika umhloli isicelo sesiqinisekiso sokuhambisa.
Zalisa ifomu yesicelo ehlukileyo malunga nemveliso nganye ehlukileyo ngokweziqulatho, isakhiwo, ileyibhile, igama loshishino okanye ubukhulu bebhotile kwiimveliso ezinye zeziselo ezinxilisayo ezisemthwalweni.
iziqinisekiso zentsusa, zobudala beminyaka, isakhiwo nohlobo ezikhutshwe ngumbutho osemthethweni welizwe lentsusa.
Alikho ixesha elibekiweyo malunga nale nkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Changegeographicalnames.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Amagama obume bomhlaba ngamagama eembonakalo zomhlaba ezizezendalo okanye ezenziwe ngabantu zaze zaqhelaniswa nendawo. Ezi mbonakalo zomhlaba zingabanabantu abahlala kuzo okanye zingabinabantu abahlala kuzo.
Amagama obume bomhlaba awela phantsi kolawulo loorhulumente beendawo zabahlali abandakanya izitalato, izakhiwo zoomasipala kunye namabala ezikwere, iipaki zeendawo zabahlali kunye neendawo zamangcwaba, kunye nezakhiwo ezinobunikazi babucala. Amagama obume bomhlaba awela phantsi komsebenzi worhulumente welizwe abandakanya iidolophu, imimandla yeedolophu ezinkulu, iindawo ekuhleli kuzo abantu, iiposi, izikhululo, izikhululo zeenqwelomoya, amazibuko eenqanawa kunye neendlela ezinkulu neziphakamileyo, ndawonye nezakheko zomhlaba zendalo ezifana neentaba, imisinga, imilambo, amagolonxa, iincam, iziqithi, iindawo ekugwantye kuzo amanzi emigxobhozo kunye neepaki zelizwe.
Ngubani ongenza isicelo sokuvunywa kwegama: Onke amasebe karhulumente, oorhulumente bamaphondo, oogunyaziwe beendawo zabahlali, iNkonzo yePosi yaseMzantsi Afrika, abaphuhlisi beepropati okanye naliphina iqumrhu okanye umntu.
Fumana iifom zesicelo kwiBhunga laseMzantsi Afrika laMagama oBume boMhlaba okanye kwibhunga lephondo okulo lamagama obume bomhlaba.
ilwimi ekuvela kulo eli gama imvelaphi kunye nentsingiselo yeli gama, ukubangaba uyayazi imbonakalo yeli gama lipoposhwayo, umzekelo, iposi okanye isikhululo soololiwe isithili esiphantsi kwegunya loomantyi kunye nephondo ekulo le ndawo le mbonakalo ikude kangakanani kwidolophu ekufuphi okanye kummandla okufuphi wegunya loomantyi, kwaye imi ngakweliphi icala lale dolophu nalo mmandla wegunya loomantyi.
Biza igama lalo mntu wenze isiphakamiso segama elitsha.
Hambisa ifom yesicelo kuGunyaziwe weMveli okanye kuGunyaziwe weNdawo yaBahlali ukuze isayinwe okanye igximfizwe isitampu esigunyazisiweyo.
Kukho ixesha lokulinda leenyanga ezintathu nangaphezulu.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Commercialbroadcastinglicence.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Nawuphi na umntu ojonge ukunika inkonzo yosasazo lorhwebo kufuneka abeneLayisensi yoRhwebo yoSasazo lweZandi.
Nawuphi na umntu ojonge ukunika inkonzo yosasazo lorhwebo kufuneka ahambisane noluhlu lweenkqubo njengoko kuchaziwe kwiSimemo seZicelo ekuthiwa yi-Invitation to Apply , seLayisensi yoRhwebo yoSasazo lweZandi, esipapashwa ngokusemthethweni kwiGazethi kaRhulumente.
Ifom yesicelo kunye nemimandla yeendawo ezipoposhwayo ziyinxenye yeGazethi kaRhulumente ekhutshelwa isimemo esingqalileyo sezicelo.
Izicelo ezingazaliswanga ngokupheleleyo ziya kuphindiselwa kumenzi-sicelo kwaye akuyi kwamkelwa xanduva lonyibelo okanye ukonakalelwa okwenzekileyo.
Ukukhutshwa kwelayisensi kungathabatha iinyanga ezi- 6 ukuya kwezili- 12.
R 30 000 intlawulo yesicelo engabuyiswayo.
R 2 500 eyimfuneko ukuze kukhutshwe ilayisensi emva kokuba inikiwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Communitysoundbroadcasting.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
ILayisensi yoSasazo lwaBahlali ifezekisa iimfuno zosasazo zabahlali kwithuba lexesha eliphelela kwiminyaka emine. Iyavuseleleka, kodwa kufuneka wenze isicelo sokuvuselela ilayisensi kungelothuba elingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu, kwaye zingadlulanga iinyanga ezintathu phambi komhla wokuphelelwa kwale unayo ilayisensi. Ivuseleleka kuphela xangaba umntu onelayisensi uhambisene nemiqathango exelwe ngugunyaziwe weelayisensi. Ilayisensi inikwa abahlali abaziseka njengenkampani yeCandelo 21, iQumrhu leNtembeko, iqumrhu lombutho wokuzithandela okanye nawuphina umbutho ovunyiweyo ngokwasemthethweni ongajonganga kwenza nzuzo.
ukuphakamisa ilungelo lokunxibelelana nenkululeko yokuvakalisa izimvo ivumela ukunaba nokwanda kweshishini losasazo ukubandakanya abahlali ngokuneentshukumo, njengabavelisi, oomanejala kunye nabaphulaphuli nababukeli kwinkqubo yonxibelelano ukubalilizwi labahlali inika ubunkqubo obubonisa iminqweno neemfuno ezizodwa zabahlali, ezibandakanya iimfuno zenkcubeko, zolwimi, zenkonzo yobutyalike kunye neemfuno ngokweenkcukacha ezithile zabantu abahlala kuloo ndawo.
Le layisensi isebenziseka iminyaka emine.
I-ICASA iyakukhupha isimemo sezicelo zenkonzo yabahlali yosasazo lwezandi kwaye inike amazinga okushukuma kwamaza kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo.
Useke itim yabantu abasebenza ngesicelo ukuze le tim ithabathe uxanduva lwenkqubo yesicelo kwaye ibengumenzi-sicelo egameni labahlali.
iqokelela iisignitsha kubahlali ibhala isicwangciso seshishini iphembelela ukonyulwa kwamalungu eBhodi ngenkqubo yedemokhrasi ibeka indawo eyakuba sisiza sokusasazela nokukhupha amaza omoya.
Ucele inkonzo yosasazo kunye nefom yesicelo sokuhambisa iintshukumiso zemitha yosasazo.
Isicelo singathabatha iinyanga ezi 3 ukuya kwezi 4.
R250 yokukhutshwa kwelayisensi emva kokuba inikiwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Companysharecapital.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Njengoko inkqubo yokubhalisa inkampani enobutyebi bezinto kunye neemali zezabelo inzima, kwenziwa isiphakamiso sokuba abenzi-zicelo basebenzise iinkonzo zamagqwetha.
UMqulu oBhaliweyo kunye neMimiselo yenkampani kufuneka ziqulunqwe kwaye zilungelelaniselwe ukufanelana nenkampani enobutyebi bezinto kunye neemali zezabelo kwaye ziqinisekiswe ligosa loluntu elinegunya lasemthethweni lokungqina imiqulu neengxelo ezifungelweyo, kwaye elingumnntu oqeqeshiweyo ngokwasemthethweni. Inkampani yoluntu ingasebenzisa uLuhlu A kwifom yesicelo ngokupheleleyo okanye iyilungelelanise neemeko zayo, xa ngaba nje ihambisana nomThetho weeNkampani . Inkampani yabucala ingasebenzisa uLuhlu B kwifom yesicelo ngokupheleleyo okanye iyilungelelanise neemeko zayo, xa ngaba nje ihambisana nomThetho weeNkampani.
Yenza isicelo sokubeka igama ngokuhambisa i-CM5 - Isicelo sokubeka igama. Le fom iyafumaneka kwiSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Zalisa i-CM29 - Imiba equlathwe yirejista equlathe iinkcukacha zabalawuli kunye namagosa. Le fom iyafumaneka kwiSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Nika igqwetha incwadi egunyazisiweyo yamandla egqwetha, echaza ukuba ulinika igunya lokuba likumele.
Lo ngumqulu osayinwa kwaye ugximfizwe isitampu nguMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani xa sele yonke imiqulu ehamba nesicelo ijongiwe kwaze kwagqitywa ngayo.
Kungathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiintsuku ezintlanu ukuze kubhaliswe inkampani enobutyebi bezinto kunye neemali zezabelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Consenttoadoption.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Imvume ekuthiwa yi-consent yimvume ebhaliweyo enikwa abazali abayakubangabazali abamkele umntwana wabangowabo ngokusemthethweni. Imvume inganikwa ngabazali, ngumlondolozi okanye ngumntwana. Umntwana anganika mvume yokuba amkelwe abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethwnei ukubangaba uneminyaka yobudala elishumi okanye nangaphezulu. Ngaphandle kokubekela ecaleni imimiselo yawo nawuphina omnye umthetho, umzali onike imvume yokuba umntwana wakhe amkelwe abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni, unelungelo lokuyirhoxisa loo mvume kwisithuba sexesha elifikelela kwiintsuku ezingama 60 emva kokuba imvume inikiwe. Inkundla yabantwana ayinakukhupha umyalelo phambi kokuba ithuba leentsuku ezingama 60 liphele.
Abazali bomntwana babhubhile kwaye akukho mlondolozi utyunjiweyo ukuze alondoloze umntwana.
ungutata womntwana owazalelwa ngaphandle kobume bomtshato, kwaye yena wafunyaniswa enetyala lesenzo sokudlwengula okanye sokuhlasela umama womntwana; okanye emva kokuqondisisa kwenkundla yabantwana ekulandeleni isityholo sikamama womntwana, ufunyaniswe ukuba wamdlwengula umama womntwana: Kodwa ke kuyakufuneka ukuba eso sigqibo singabi kukufunyaniswa kwetyala lesenzo sobugebenga bokudlwengula okanye bokuhlasela; okanye owomntwana owazalelwa ngaphandle kobume bomtshato akaphumelelanga ukusabela, kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 14, kwisaziso asikhutshelweyo njengoko kujongiwe apha ngezantsi.
Ukubangaba ngumzali omnye kuphela onike imvume, kwaye omnye lo umzali akafumaneki ukuze anike imvume okanye akukho mfuneko yokuba anike imvume, umkomishinari uyakungqina ubukho baloo mvume kwaye anike isaziso komnye lo umzali kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 14. Esi saziso sichazela umzali ukuba imvume inikiwe kwaye simnika ithuba lokuba naye anike imvume okanye ayibambe eyakhe imvume; okanye anike izizathu zokuba kutheni kufanele kufunyanwe imvume yakhe kwaye ingakhatyelwa ecaleni; okanye enze isicelo sokwamkela umntwana abengowakhe ngokusemthethweni ukubangaba ungutata wendalo kwaye umntwana wazalelwa ngaphandle kobume bomtshato.
Ukubangaba umama womntwana owazalelwa ngaphandle kobume bomtshato uluvumile ulungiso lweenkcukacha zokubhaliswa kokuzalwa komntwana wakhe, utata womntwana uyakwaziswa. Kuyakufuneka ke enze izilungiso eziyimfuneko kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 14 zokufunyanwa kwesaziso.
Ukubangaba umama womntwana zange azivume izilungiso zeenkcukacha zobhaliso lokuzalwa komntwana wakhe, umntu ofuna ukuzivuma ukuba ungutata womntwana kufuneka enze isicelo kwinkundla yabantwana ebandakanyekayo ukuze afumane umyalelo obhengezayo ongqina ukuba ungutata womntwana kwaye imfuneko yemvume kamama womntwana ayidingeki.
Isaziso esisuka kutata wendalo womntwana owazalwa ngaphandle kobume bomtshato sifuneka kuphela xangaba utata uvumile, ngencwadi ebhaliweyo ukuba ungutata womntwana; kwaye ukubangaba uzifakile iinkcukacha zakhe kubhaliso lokuzalwa komntwana kwaye uyaqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha zichanekile ngamaxesha onke; okanye umama womntwana, ngexesha lokunika imvume yakhe, ungqinile, ngencwadi ebhaliweyo ukuba utata womntwana uvumile ukuba ungutata womntwana; kwaye uzichazile ukuba ungubani na yaye uphi na; okanye unontlalontle uhambisa ingxelo engqina ukuba ngubani na utata womntwana kwaye uphina, kumkomishinari ongqine ubukho bemvume kamama womntwana, okanye kwinkundla yabantwana apho kwenziwe khona isicelo sokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni. Le ngxelo kufuneka ihanjiswe kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 60 emva kokuba umama womntwana enike imvume yakhe, okanye nangasiphina isigaba phambi kokuba inkundla yabantwana ikhuphe umyalelo wokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni.
Umzali onike imvume kwaye ofuna ukucima imvume yomnye umzali kufuneka axelele umkomishinari kwakube kungqinwe ubukho bemvume yakhe.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko.
Imvume kufuneka inikwe ngencwadi ebhaliweyo. Ukubangaba inikwe eMzantsi Afrika, umntu okanye abantu abanika imvume kufuneka bayisayine phambi komkomishinari wentlalontle yomntwana, oyakuthi ke angqine ubukho bale mvume.
Imvume enikwe ngaphandle kwaseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka isayinwe phambi kwegosa kwaye ingqinwe ubukho bayo ligosa, elisebenza kwiziko laseMzantsi Afrika lozakuzo okanye lobumeli-lizwe, okanye yijaji, umantyi, usobulungisa woxolo okanye igosa loluntu lelizwe elibandakanyekayo.
Imvume kufuneka irhoxiswe ngencwadi ebhaliweyo. Ukubangaba ungumzali okanye umlondolozi womntwana, gcwalisa iFom 12A, ethi, Ukurhoxiswa kwemvume yokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni, ngumzali okanye umlondolozi womntwana phambi kwakhe nawuphina umkomishinari, naninina kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 60 emva kokunika loo mvume.
Xa ngaba imvume ingarhoxiselwa kwisithili esingesiso eso kwakunikelwe kuso imvume okanye kweso kuyakubanjelwa kuso indibano yokumamela izimvo ngesicelo sokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni, umkomishinari, kwangoko uyakwazisa inkundla ebandakanyekayo kunye nonontlalontle obandakanyekayo okanye onesiqinisekiso sokuvunywa njengonontlalontle ukubangaba kuyaziwa ukuba iyakubanjelwa phina indibano yokumamela izimvo ngesicelo sokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni; okanye uyakwazisa umkomishinari ongqine ubukho bemvume ukubangaba akwaziwa ukuba iyakubanjelwa kweyiphina inkundla indibano yokumamela izimvo ngesicelo sokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni.
Kwangoko, umkomishinari uyakuchaza inkundla ekuyakubanjelwa kuyo indibano yokumamela izimvo ngesicelo sokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni, kwaye azise inkundla kunye nonontlalontle obandakanyekayo okanye onesiqinisekiso sokuvunywa njengonontlalontle malunga noko kurhoxiswa.
Ixesha elithatyathwayo lokuqhubekiswa kwesicelo sokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni, lixhomekeke kubunzima benyewe.
oukuba, kwimeko yemvume yomntwana, lo mntwana ubandakanyekayo angayirhoxisa imvume ngencwadi ebhaliweyo kwiFom 13A, phambi kwakhe nawuphina umkomishinari naninina phambi kokuba inkundla yabantwana ikhuphe umyalelo wokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni; kwaye oukuba, lo mntu ubandakanyekayo angabikho xa kuqwalaselwa isicelo sokwamkelwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni, ngaphandle kokuba inkundla, ngokubona kwayo, imnika imvume yokubakhona, ngokubona kwayo, kuba inembono yokuba ubukho bakhe buyakuba lolona ncedo lungcono emntwaneni.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Consularandagencyservicesinsouthafricaandabroad.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Uncedo kucwangciso lokubuyisa abemi baseMzantsi Afrika abakumazwe aphesheya ngexesha loqulukubhode wezopolitiko, intlekele ebangelwa yindalo okanye ngabantu.
Isibonelelo malunga noncedo olungelolwezimali kusenzelwa ukubuyiselwa elizweni lokuzalwa Kunye noqwalaselo lonyango okanye lwemisebenzi olufuneka ngokungxamisekileyo?
Uncedo kwiintsapho ngokuququzelela ukuthunyelwa kwemali kumalungu eentsapho axakanisekileyo.
Ukunikwa kweenkonzo zenkxaso kwaneengcebiso kwimiba yabantu abenziwe izibambiso okanye ukuxhwilwa.
Ubume besiganeko nokhuseleko lwamagosa bunganempembelelo ekukwazini kwethu kuphendula.
Ukuqhagamshelana neentsapho zabantu ababanjiweyo okanye abaseluvalelweni bengabekwanga tyala phesheya ukuba oko kuceliwe ngulowo ubanjiweo okanye useluvalelweni.
Ukuququzelela ukuthunyelwa kwemali kumabanjwa aphesheya, ngeli xa kuqatshelwe imithetho nemiqathango yalo rhulumente ugunyazisa ukubanjwa kwanemithetho yoVimba weBhanki yeloMzantsi Afrika malunga nokuthunyelwa kweemali kwelaphesheya.
Ukuququzelela ukuthunyelwa kweeleta namayeza kubemmi beloMzantsi Afrika abaseluvalelweni phesheya. Oku kuxhomekeke kwizibonelelo nemirhumo ekhoyo yeSebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemithetho nemiqathango yelizwe elibambileyo. Le mirhumo ingaphuculwa kumaxesha ngamaxesha.
Ukuququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwamaxwebu asemthethweni kubamangalelwa abaphesheya ngokwemigaqo yenkundla.
Ukuququzelela izicelo zokunikezelwa komntu kurhulumente wangaphandle, iileta ezicela uncedo lwenkundla kwilizwe langaphandle, ukukhutshwa kweesamani okanye iimpepha eziya kumntu okwilizwe langaphandle kwanobungqina kwikhomishini ngokwemigaqo yenkundla.
Ukuqhagamshela iileta nezitampu ezimisa ngokusemthethweni ziqinisekiso zogunyaziso kumaxwebhu kawonke-wonke asemthethweni.
Ukunika uncedo olungelolwemali kumaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho.
Ukunika ingcebiso, isikhokelo nenkxaso kumzaliokanye umntu okhulisa umntwana ongengowakhe, ngokusebenzisana neOfisi yeGqwetha leNkundla loSapho kwiimeko zokubiwa kwabantwana baseMzantsi Afrika bathunyelwe kumazwe angaphandle. Apho kukho ubungqina bokuba impilo nokhuseleko lomtwana lusemngciphekweni, lo mba uthathwa njengongxamisekileyo.
Ukunikisa ngoluhlu lwamagqwetha engingqi.
Ukunceda ukubuyisa iincwadi zokundwendwela ezilahlekileyo, ezibiweyo, ezonakeleyo okanye eziphelelwe lixesha kumazwe angaphandle.
Ukubonelela ngemali-mboleko eqingqiweyo nengxamisekileyo.
Ukwazisa izizalwane xa kuthe kwakho ukusweleka, ingulo okanye ukwenzakala okuxhalabisayo kwabemmi beloMzantsi Afrika. Kuya kunikwa uncedo olungelolwamali kwanengcebiso malunga nemizimba yabeloMzantsi Afrika abaswelekele kumazwe aphesheya.
Ukucela abasemagunyeni bengingqi ukuba baphande ngokufa okukrokrisayo kwanolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwa kubantu beloMzantsi Afrika.
Ukunika isikhokelo nengcebiso malunga nokuthatha ukhulise abantwana njengabakho ngokusebenzisa iSebe loPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo-ntle.
Ukuqwalasela izicelo zolwazi okanye iinzame zokugqithisela lowo ufuna ingcaciso kumntu onolwazi olufanelekileyo.
Zeziphi iinkonzo ezinganikwayo ngamagosa abangabaMmeli-lizwe?
ukuqinisekisa ukukhululwa entolongweni ukungenelela kwiinkqubo zeenkundla kumazwe angaphandle ukunika iingcebiso zasemthethweni ukungenelela okanye ukusungula iinkqubo zenkundla ukucela abasemagunyeni bengingqi ukuba banike impatho ekhethekileyo kwabaseMzantsi Afrika ukuphanda ngolwaphulo-mthetho okanye ukufa ukufumana ingxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho endaweni yakho intlawulo yokutshiswa kwababhuhileyo, imingcwabo okanye ukubuyiselwa kwemizimba eMzantsi Afrika.
ukuthatha umntwana obiweyo ukunyanzelisa isivumelwano saseMzantsi Afrka sokuthathela kuwe ukhulise umntwana phesheya okanye ukunyanzelisa ilizwe ukuba lithathe isigqibo ngomba wokuthathela kuwe umntwana intlawulo yehotele, yezomthetho, yezonyango okanye yamanye amatyala intlawulo yenkcitho yohambo ukuqwalasela umsebenzi owenziwe ziiarhente zohambo, zeenqwelo-moya, zeebhanki, njalo-njalo ukufumana indawo yokuhlala, umsebenzi okanye imvume yokufumana umsebenzi egameni lakho ukugcina izinto ezizezakho okanye ukukhangela izinto ezilahlekileyo ukwamkela imbalelwano eyiyeyakho ukunika umhlala-phantsi nezibonelelo zokhuseleko lwezentlalo ukunceda ngokwasemthethweni abemmi abanobuzwe ngambini kwilizwe lobuzwe babo besibini.
Qhagamshelana noMmeli woMzanti Afrika okufuphi nawe okanye iCandelo lomLawuli oyiNtloko: Iinkonzo zabaMmeli-lizwe kwiSebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle ePitoli. Ifomu esemthethweni ingacelwa, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenkonzo olufunwayo. Ukuba kukho amathandabuzo, funa ingcaciso ngokuthi utsale umnxeba kuqala.
Iinkonzo zabaMmeli-lizwe zisebenza iiyure ezingama-24 ngemini, iintsuku ezisixhenxe ngeveki. Ngeempela-veki nasemva kwexesha lomsebenzi, uncedo lufumaneka ngokusebenzisana neGumbi lemiSebenzi leSebe ePitoli.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Copyright.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ulawulo apho uluntu lwazi onke amanyathelo karhulumente kufuneka lukhuthazwe ngokubonelela uluntu ngolwazi oluvela kwangexesha, olufumanekayo kwanoluchanekileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kolwazi olululo, oluphuhlisa uqoqosho nolusebenzayo kufuneka kuphuhliswe. UMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika s195(b).
Sikholelwa ekubeni eyona ndlela yokusasaza ulwazi olufunwa luluntu nolugcinwe ngumbuso ngeyona ndlela ingeyonkcitha-mali kukuvumela abanye abantu baphinde bavelise olo lwazi ngaphandle kokudleka ngezimali - futhi lukhutshwe luse lulo. Sithi ke ngoko sikholelwe ekubeni ukuvunyelwa simahla kodwa ke phantsi kwemiqathango yokunikezelwa kwamalungelo okuphinda kuvezwe olo lwazi kumaphepha akhuthaza intsebenziswano noluntu yiyo efunwa nguMgaqo-siseko.
Kwizibhalo ezisesikweni ezikumila kuyimigaqo, ezolawulo nezemithetho, kuquka neenguqulelo zazo ezisesikweni.
Unakho ukuphinda uvelise ezi zibhalo ngokukhululekileyo.
Ungaphinda uzivelise izibhalo ezinamalungelo obunini (ngaphandle kwezo zizezamanye amaqurhu) kule website ngeenjongo ezingenaminqweno yangeniso nangayiphi na indlela uzisasaze ngaphandle kokufumana imvume. Oku ke kuphantsi kwesidingo sokuba uphinde uvelise ezo zibhalo njengoko zinjalo, yaye zingekho kwindlela ethukayo, esengela phantsi okanye elahlekisayo.
Apho ushicilela okanye ukhuphele oku kubhaliweyo kubanye abantu kufuneka uchaze ukuba kuvela phi (kuquka ne-URL) kwanobume bako ngokwamalungelo oshicilelo nobunini.
Unakho nokuphinda uzivelise izibhalo ezinamalungelo obunini kule website ngeenjongo zokufumana ingeniso, kodwa ke kufuneka kuqala ucele ze ufumane imvume yokuzisebenzisa ngeenjongo zokufumana ingeniso.
Iphepha-mvume lokuphinda kuveliswe okubhaliweyo aliziquki izibhalo ezinamalungleo obunini kwiimpepha ezizezamanye amaqumrhu. Oku kuya kusoloko kubonakala ngolu phawu Â© luncanyathiselwe egameni lalowo unamalungelo obunini. Kufuneka ufumane imvume yokuphinda uvelise lo nto ibhaliweyo kweloo qumrhu linamalungelo obunini.
Awunakuyisebenzisa imifanekiso okanye eminye imsebenzi yobuchule ebandakanywe kule website ngaphandle kwemvume kaRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni.
<fn>GOV-ZA. CrimeStop0860010111.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Amaziko okuNqanda uBugebenga abizwa ngokuba zii-Crime Stop luluhlu lwamaziko ekutsalelwa kuwo umnxeba ajongene nokuqokelela inkcazelo kuluntu malunga nezigebenga nezenzo zazo. Uluntu luncediswa ngamagosa asebenza kula maziko okutsalela umnxeba aqeqeshwe kakuhle kudliwano-ndlebe oluphandayo.
Qaphela: oku kwenziwa kuphela ngemvume yakho.
Inkcazelo esebenzisekayo inxulumaniswa nenombolo yekhowudi oyinikiweyo.
I-Crime Stop iyakugqithisela inkcazelo kwicandelo lophando elifanelekileyo ukuze liphande, kwaye le nkcazelo iyakukhatshwa sisicelo sokuba kunikwe ingxelo yokuqala kwisithuba seeyure ezingama 24 kunye nesiphumo kwamsinyane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
I-Crime Stop iyakugqithisela inkcazelo enikiweyo kwicandelo lophando elifanelekileyo ukuze liphande, kwaye le nkcazelo iyakukhatshwa sisicelo sokuba kunikwe ingxelo yokuqala kwisithuba seeyure ezingama 24 kunye nesiphumo sophando kwamsinyane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Customarylawmarriages.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
UMthetho weMitshato yeSiko leSiqhelo wabangumthetho ngomhla we 15 Novemba 2000. Ukubangaba wawukumtshato owawukhona nowawusebenziseka phantsi komthetho wesiko lesiqhelo phambi kwalo mhla, umtshato wakho uyavunywa phantsi kwalo mthetho mtsha. Lo mthetho ukwayivuma imitshato engenelwe emva kwalo mhla, kwaye uchaza imigaqo ekufuneka ilandelwe ngabantu abatshata phantsi komthetho wesiko lesiqhelo ukuze imitshato yabo ivunywe.
Qaphela ukuba le mitshato kudala ivunywa phantsi komthetho wesiko lesiqhelo.
Ndiwubhalisa nini umtshato wam?
Ukubangaba watshata phantsi komthetho wesiko lesiqhelo phambi komhla we 15 Novemba 2000, umtshato wakho kufanele ubhaliswe kwiSebe lezeKhaya. Ukubangaba watshata emva kokuba umthetho uwisiwe, kufanele ubhalise umtshato wakho kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu emva komtshato.
Yonke imitshato yesiko lesiqhelo engenelwe emva kokuqalisa kokusebenza koMthetho, ikwinkqubo yokudityanelwa kwempahla nezinto kunye namatyala. Oku kuthetha ukuba umyeni nenkosikazi yakhe bahlulelana ngokulinganayo kwizinto abanazo, imali kunye nempahla, kwaye ikwathetha ukuba bahlulelana ngawo wonke amatyala. Ukubangaba aba bantu babini bangathanda ukuba umtshato wabo ubengaphandle kwenkqubo yokudityanelwa kwempahla nezinto kunye namatyala, kuyakufuneka bangenele isivumelwano sekhontrakthi yokuba umntu ngamnye agcine izinto ezizezakhe, phambi kokuba batshate. Ukubangaba bafuna ukutshintsha emva kokuba sele betshatile, kuyakufuneka benze isicelo kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo.
Phantsi koMthetho weMitshato yeSiko leSiqhelo , inkosikazi inelungelo elilinganayo kunye nobume obulinganayo nomyeni wayo bokwenza isigqibo ngomakwenzeke kwimpahla nezinto zabo. Ngoku inkosikazi yesiko lesiqhelo inamandla okungenela isivumelwano sekhontrakthi ngaphandle kokuncediswa ngumyeni wayo.
Ndenza njani xangaba umyeni wam ufuna ukutshata omnye umfazi?
Umyeni kufuneka angenele isivumelwano esibhaliweyo/ikhontrakthi ebhaliweyo eyakuchaza ukuba kuyakwenzeka ntoni na empahleni nakwizinto, kwaye ke futhi umyeni kufuneka enze isicelo enkundleni sokuba ivume ikhontrakthi ebhaliweyo. Inkundla kufanele iqinisekise ukuba zonke iimfuno zempahla nezinto zabo bonke abafazi, ziyakhuselwa.
Senza njani xangaba sifuna ukungenela umtshato wentlalo yoluntu emva kokutshata phantsi komthetho wesiko lesiqhelo?
Ukubangaba umyeni akanabafazi abangabanye, ungatshata phantsi komthetho wentlalo yoluntu ndawonye naphantsi komthetho wesiko lesiqhelo . Kodwa ke, akukho namnye phakathi kwenu oyakubanako ukungenela imitshato yesiko lesiqhelo naye nabanina omnye ngelilixa nitshate phantsi komthetho wentlalo yoluntu.
Umyeni okanye inkosikazi, angabhalisa umtshato kwiSebe lezeKhaya elikufuphi kuye. Kulicebo elihle ukuba bobabini abalingane bayokubhalisa umtshato bebobabini ukuze ubhaliso lukhawuleze. Kodwa ke, ukubangaba omnye umlingane uyala, ungabhalisa ngokwakho uze ke uphathe ubungqina obuyimfuneko.
kwegosa elibhalisayo, okanye umntu ochongelwe ukwenza lo msebenzi, ochongelwe wona nguMqondisi-Jikelele ukuze enze imisebenzi ngokwale migqaliselo.
Igosa lobhaliso okanye umntu ochongelwe ukwenza lo msebenzi uyakusa isicelo kwi-ofisi yengingqi okanye yesithili ekufuphi yeSebe ukuze sifakwe kwincwadi yobhaliso lwenani neenkcukacha zabantu.
Uyakunikwa isatifiketi sobhaliso okanye iFom C, ethi: Isatifiketi somtshato wesiko lesiqhelo.
Gcina isatifiketi kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kuba sibalulekile.
Isatifiketi esifinyeziweyo sikhutshwa kwangoko.
Isatifiketi esingafinyezwanga sithabatha iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisixhenxe.
Igosa elibhalisayo liyakukuxelela ukubangaba liyala ukubhalisa umtshato wesiko lesiqhelo njengoko kucwangcisiwe, kwaye liyakuchaza izizathu zokwala.
Abalingane bahlawula iR11 kumntu ochongelwe ukwenza lo msebenzi, ngokuphathelelene nesicelo sobhaliso lomtshato wesiko lesiqhelo esifakwe kulo mntu ochongiweyo.
Nceda ubhekise kubantu ekunxulunyanwa nabo kwiSebe lezeKhaya ukuze uqonde ngeendleko ezibandakanyekayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.DISASTER_MANAGEMENT_XHOSA.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Hlala ugcine ibhakethi lamanzi nelesanti.
Zama ukuyicima imililo emincinane ngaphambi kokuba inwenwe. Kodwa musa ukuzifaka engozini.
Vusa abantu abangaphakathi kwesakhiwo ukuba baphume ngaphandle.
Khasa ngaphantsi komsi ukubaleka umlilo.
Gcina iimatshisi, izinto zokulumeka, iparafini kunye nezinto eziyityhefu endaweni ekhuselekileyo nekude ebantwaneni abancinane. Sebenzisa isiciko esikhuselekileyo ebantwaneni kwiibhotie zeparafini.
Abantwana abaninzi batsha kakubi kunyaka ngamnye. Thatha ingqalelo engaphezulu ukugcina abantwana abancinane bekhuselekile.
Beka izitovu endaweni ethe tyaba - kude nomoya kunye nezinto ezinokutsha. Imililo kunye nezitovu akufuneki zishiywe zinganyamekelwanga.
Nceda abantu ukuba baphume.
Biza iinkonzo ezingxamisekileyo ku-107, ufumane uncedo ngokukhawuleza!
Irhasi: Sebenza ngokukhawuleza. Qala ngoku-cima irhasi uze emva koko usebenzise isiciko okanye ilaphu elimanzi ukucima amadangatye. Ukuba akukwazi ukuyicima irhasi phuma uhlale ngaphandle.
Gcina iindlela zivulekile ukuze inqwelo yabacimi mlilo ifike ngokukhawuleza emlilweni.
Gcina imibhobho yamanzi asetye-nziswa xa kusitsha isekuhleni ukuze abacimi mlilo babe nokufumana amanzi okucima umlilo.
Yazi kwaye uyibhale inombolo yeenkomzo ezingxamisekileyo kwaye fundisa abantwana indlela yokutsalela ku-107 xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Xa utsala umnxeba, nika idilesi enye ngokupheleleyo. Kwakunye nendawo ekufutshane nal apho kutsha khona onokucacisa ngayo (ivenkile okanye isikolo) ukuze abacimi mlilo babe nokukufumana ngokukhawuleza.
Cima onke amakhandlela kunye nezibane ngaphambi kokuba ulale okanye umke kwikhaya lakho. Kuyingozi ukutshaya ebhedini.
Ukuba indlu yakho ligwantye amanzi...
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ude uhlale kwiholo loluntu ukuze ube unelungelo lokufumana uncedo. Ungahlala kubahlobo okanye kwizizalwane. Ukuba akunandawo yokuhlala ungahlaliswa kwiholo loluntu. Ukuba kufuneka ulishiye ikhaya, qinisekisa ukuba izinto zakho ezixabisekileyo zikhuselekile.
Lumkela izinto ezibukhali ezisemanzini.
Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha namanzi acocekileyo ngaphambi kokuba usebenze ngokutya.
Nceda abahlobo nosapho - banike indawo yokuhlala ukuba indawo yakho ayikhukulisekanga.
Yakha kumhlaba ophakamileyo - kuyingozi ukwakha kumathafa anamanzi okanye kumadama amanzi esitishi.
Phakamisa umgangatho wakho ube phezulu kunomhlaba.
Yenza imifolo yokuhambisa amanzi asuke kwisiza sakho uze ugcine imisele yamanzi esitishi ivulelekile.
Lumkisa abanye abantu ngeendawo ekulula ukuba zibe nezikhukula.
<fn>GOV-ZA. DeathofsouthAfricancitizensabroad.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle, lisebenzisana nabammeli balo abaphesheya, linika uncedo lweendlela zokwenza neengcebiso kwizizalwane zabemmi beloMzantsi Afrika abaswelekela phesheya.
Ziintoni ezikhoyo ezinokunceda izizalwane zabemi baseMzantsi Afrika abaswelekileyo?
Abameli beloMzantsi Afrika baya kunceda izizalwane ukufumana uluhlu lwamaxabiso ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha isigqibo esisekelwe kulwazi.
Ukuba usebenzisa umngcwabi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iinkonzo zabo zifanele ukuhlawulelwa.
Esi senzo siyohluka ngokwamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye oku kuya kuba neempembelelo kule nkqubo. UMmeli weloMzantsi Afrika okanye iSebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle liya kunika isikhokelo.
Xa umzimba ubuyiswa, kukho imigaqo engqongqo yokuwuhambisa njengoko kuyalelwe liSebe lezeMpilo. Ukulungiswa komzimba neendleko zokuwuhambisa kwenza oku kube yeyona ndlela ixabisa phezulu kakhulu.
Phambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo, kufuneka isizalwane sifumane uluhlu lwamaxabiso kubangcwabi abakwilizwe langaphandle, ngaphandle kokuba umfi ebeneinshorensi. Ummeli weloMzatsi Afrika anganceda kulo mba.
Isizalwane singakhetha ukutshiswa nokubuyiswa kothuthu.
Umngcwabi okwilizwe langaphandle angayinika le nkonzo. UMmeli weloMzantsi Afrika angakhona xa kutshiswa umzimba ukuba isizalwane sifunaingqina lwenkqubo kwaye sona asikwazi ukuba singaya ubuqu.
Uthuthu luphathwa ngokwezithethe zelo zwe langaphandle.
Iizalwane zingakhetha ukungcwabela kwilizwe langaphandle.
Umngcwabi wazisa izizalwane ngendawo apho likhoyo kanye ingcwaba.
Ukuba izizalwane azikwazi ukufumaneka okanye azikwazi ukumelana nezi ndlela zingentla, kungacelwa umngcwabo wehlwempu.
Abasemagunyeni bengingqi bangcwaba umzimba ngaphandle kwentlawulo. UMmeli weloMzantsi Afrika angaya kuloo mngcwabo ukuba izizalwane zinqwenela ubungqina baloo nkqubo sibe sona singenakho ukuya ubuqu.
Abasemagunyeni bengingqi bazisa isizalwane ngendawo apho likhoyo kanye ingcwaba.
Qhagamshelana neinshoernsi yomfi ukuba bebenayo i-inshorensi yohambo. Ukuba akunjalo, khetha enye yezi ndlela zichazwe ngentla apha.
Xa sowuthathe isigqibo malunga nendlela oyikhethayo, sayina ubungqina ubufungelweyo ubuthumele kwiCandelo lomLawuli oyiNtloko: IinNkonzo zabaMmeli-lizwe kwiSebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle.
Akukho mvume ifunekayo ukungenisa ngaphakathi kwelizwe uthuthu lomzimba otshisiweyo.
Iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo kuquka iikhowudi zemimmandla.
Ukuba amangcwaba akumhlaba womntu wabucala, ileta enika imvume evela kumnini-mhlaba, enika imvume yokungcwaba okanye yokugrumba umzimba iyafuneka. Okanye imvume kufuneka inikwe ngabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo umz. Umphathi wamangcwaba, UMasipala weNgingqi wePhondo lezeMpilo.
Iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo eziquka iikhowudi zemimmandla.
ISebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle liya kuphendula kuyo yonke imibuzo kwithuba elingangeeyure ezingama-24.
Akukho zifomu zifuna ukuzaliswa.
Usapho lommi waseMzantsi Afrika othe waswelekela phesheya kufuneka luqhagamshelane nommeli weloMzantsi Afrika okufuphi. Okanye kungaqhagqmshelwane neCandelo lomLawuli oyiNtloko: IiNkonzo zabaMmeli-lizwe kwiSebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle endaweni yakho.
ICandelo lomLawuli oyiNtloko : IiNkonzo zabaMmeli-lizwe beSebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle ePitoli.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Deathregister.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Isatifiketi sokubhubha ngumqulu ogunyazisiweyo okhutshelwa ifemeli yomntu obhubhileyo xa kubhaliswe ukubhubha. Xa umntu welizwe langaphandle ebhubhele eMzantsi Afrika, ingxelo igcinwa kuvimba weengxelo kwaye ifemeli yakhe inikwa isatifiketi esipheleleyo. Kungenziwa izicelo kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya okanye kwiNdlu yoZakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiZiko elimele uMzantsi Afrika ukubangaba wenza isicelo ukwilizwe langaphandle.
Bhala incwadi enazo zonke iinkcukacha zomfi, uze uyiposele kwi-ofisi yezeKhaya ekufuphi kuwe ukubangaba akukho ofisi yezeKhaya kummandla ohlala kuwo.
Akukho mngcwabo uyakuqhubeka ungekho umyalelo wokungcwaba. Umyalelo wokungcwaba sisatifiketi esinika igunya lomngcwabo kunye nokususwa kwesidumbu kummandla umfi abhubhele kuwo sisiwe kummandla ekuyakungcwatyelwa kuwo.
Isatifiketi esifinyeziweyo: Sikhutshwa kwakube kubhaliswe ukubhubha.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Deregisterorliquidateaclosecorporation.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Xa iqumrhu elingavulelekanga elibizwa ngokuba yi-close corporation , lingasaliqhubi ishishini, lingacela uMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani ukuba alicime kuvimba wokubhalisa nokugcina inkcazelo ngeenkampani. Kule meko, amalungu equmrhu kufuneka azise uMphathi woBhaliso ngaloo meko iqhubekayo.
I-CC ingayeka ukusebenza kwaye inqwenele ukucinywa kubhaliso, okanye ingapheliswa. Ezi meko zinganzima kwaye zibenobuchwepheshe, kwaye uMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani kufanele anikwe inkcazelo yobuchule.
liyekile ukusebenza ; okanye amalungu anqwenela ukuzobela impah la nezinto ze-CC.
Ukucinywa kobhaliso kuthetha ukuba i-CC isusiwe kuvimba wokubhalisa nokugcina inkcazelo ngeenkampani kwaye i-CC ayisekho. Ishishini lingaqhuba ngenye indlela eyahlukileyo, umzekelo, njengeshishini eliqhutywa ngumntu omnye, emva kokuba ukucinywa kobhaliso kugqityiwe.
Isitetimenti esibhalwe nguye nawuphina umntu onomnqweno kufanele isiwe kuMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani.
Hambisa iikopi eziqinisekisiweyo zeencwadi zezazisi zamalungu e-CC.
Kungathabatha phakathi kosuku olunye neentsuku ezimbini ukuze kugqitywe inkqubo yokucima ubhaliso.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zolwazi ngoRhulumente, zidweliswa ngamabakala.
Iinkonzo zikaRhulumente zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
Imisebenzi kaRhulumente, idweliswa ngokwamabakala.
Izixhobo zoncedo lukaRhulumente, zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
Iziko loluntu yindawo ezimeleyo, iba nenxalanye ephethwe nguRhulumente okanye iphathwe ngokugqibeleleyo nguRhulumente. Lenza imisebenzi ethile yaye lisebenza ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho othile. Amaziko oluntu adweliswa ngokwentlobo zawo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.projects.14973.14973.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imisebenzi kaRhulumente, idweliswa ngokwamabakala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.projects.7319.86919.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinjongo zale Nkqubo kukusebenzisa iimali ezisuka kuhlahlo-mali lukarhulumente nolwamaqumrhu karhulumente ukunciphisa nokwehlisa amazinga entswela-ngqesho ngelixa isandisa amathuba abasebenzi okufumana ingeniso, mhlawumbi ngempangelo okanye ngeentshukumo zokuqala nokuqhuba amashishini. Injongo kukwehlisa amazinga entswela-ngqesho aye kuma kwizinga elisezantsi kwesigidi sabantu (ubuncinci amashumi amathandathu eepesenti zamanina, amashumi amathathu eepesenti zolutsha nesibini seepesenti zabantu abakhubazekileyo) eMzantsi Afrika phakathi ko-2004 no-2009.
I-EPWP yabhengezwa nguMongameli Thabo Mbeki kwiNtetho yakhe Yobume Besizwe ngenyanga yoMdumba ngo-20003.
Le nkqubo kazwelonke ibandakanya onke amabakala karhulumente kwakunye namashishini ombuso. Ijolise ekutsaleleni abantu abaninzi abangaphangeliyo ekusebenzeni ngendlela eveza iziqhamo futhi ikwaqulethe noqeqesho oluza kwangeza izakhono namandla okuba nakho ukufumana ingeniso.
Le nkqubo ijolise ekudaleni amathuba engqesho ngokwamaphulo emisebenzi yoluntu akha ngokusebenzisa abantu ngobuninzi babo. Malunga namashumi amathathu anesixhenxe amawaka eekilomitha zemigaqo, amashumi amathathu ananye amawaka eekhilomitha zeendlela zemibhobho, iwaka elinamakhulu amahlanu eekhilomitha zemisele yamanzi ezaqhwithi nekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu eekhilomitha emigaqwana yabahambi ngeenyawo yasezidolophini iya kwakhiwa.
Oku kuya kudala amathuba empangelo angamakhulu asixhenxe anamashumi amahlanu amawaka kusenzelwa abantu abangaphangeliyo kwiingingqi enzeka kuzo la maphulo.(Kuba ixesha eliqhelekileyo lala maphulo lidla ngokuba ziinyanga ezine, oku kuthetha ukuba ngabantu abangamakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu amawaka abaqeshwayo ngonyaka.) Bonke abasebenzi abaqeshwe kula maphulo baya kufumana uqeqesho, oluxhaswa ngezimali liSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Inkqubo yokufunda yecandelo lezoqoqosho ijolise ekubandakanyeni amakhulu amathathu abantu abangaphangeliyo kwizifundo zokuvula nokuqhuba amashishini kule minyaka mihlanu izayo. Kuqikelelwa ekubeni ishishini elincinci ngalinye elisekiweyo liya kuqesha abanye abantu abathathu abongeziweyo.
Le nkqubo yezifundo iya kunceda abanini-mashishini abaseneminqweno yokuphuhlisa izakhono namava adingekayo ekusekweni kwamashishini amancinci, aphakathi namakhulu. Abafundi baya kubhaliswa kwiinkqubo yezifundo ezixhaswa ngezimali yiSETA ze zixhaswe ukuseka amashishini amancinci. Izibhambathiso zokufunda ziya kubonelela ngamava asemsebenzini kubafundi. Abafundi baya kuziphumelela izifundo zabo benolwazi lobugcisa oludingekayo ukuze baqhube amashishini abo, ulwazi lokuba liqhutywa njani na ishishini, isiqinisekiso seNQF, amava kwanokusekwa kweenkcukacha zomntu zemali-mboleko.
Le nkqubo iya kukhokelela ekususweni nasekukhuculweni kwezivuno zezinye iingingqi kumakhulu amabini amawaka eehektare zomhlaba, ukulungiswa kwamashumi amane eengingqi zomhlaba ezinamanzi, ukusekwa kwamashumi amabini elwa nenqanda imililo, ukucocwa kwamakhulu asixhenxe eekhilomitha zonxweme, ukulungiswa kweshumi lamawaka eehektare zomhlaba, ukusekwa kwamashumi amathathu anambini eenkqubo zolawulo lobumdaka kwanokusekwa kwekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu amaphulo olondolozo lwembali namacandelo ezotyelelo loluntu ekuhlaleni.
Ukukhula Kwabantwana Abaselula.
Inkqubo Yononophelo Lwasekhaya Olusekelwe Kuluntu Ekuhlaleni ijolise ekudaleni ikhulu elinamashumi amabini anesibini lamawaka namakhulu amabini anamashumi amane ezithuba zemisebenzi (ishumi elinesixhenxe lamawaka namakhulu amane kuloo mathuba iya kufumaneka ngokwezibhambathiso zokufunda) eziya kutsala iminyaka emihlanu ngokwenkqubo embombo-ntathu eqhutywa ngentseenziswano neSETA Yezempilo Nentlalo-ntle.
Inkqubo Yokukhula Kwabantwana Abaselula ijolise ekuphuhliseni izakhono zeshumi elinethoba lamawaka nesibhozo samakhulu abantu abanonophela abantwana kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu, ngoko ke babe bongeza amandla abo okufumana ingeniso kwangaxesha-nye kuphuculwe icandelo lononophelo neendawo zokufundela zabantwana bethu.
Ulwazi oluphangaleleyo ngale Nkqubo luyafumaneka kwiwebsite ye-EPWP..
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.public_entities.401.401.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwiziko loluntu xa ufuna iinkcukacha.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.public_entities.4198.4198.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwiziko loluntu xa ufuna iinkcukacha.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11443.11443.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zeenkonzo zenkxaso ezikhoyo ukunceda amashishini avelayo.
Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwababoneleli Kumashishini Amnyama yeSebe Leentengiso Norhwebo yinkqubo engu-80:20 yokwabelana ngeendleko kumashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama, ngenkxaso-mali efikelela kwi-R100,000. Le nkqubo ke ikwabonelela nangeenkonzo zophuhliso lwamashishini ngenjongo yokunceda iinkampani ziphucule izakhono zazo ze zisebenze ngcono.
Le nkonzo ichaza imisebenzi yeNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso kwanokuba zingafikeleleka njani ezinye iinkonzo zayo. Ifanele ingakumbi umntu osaqala phantsi ishishini, kodwa ke zikwakho neenkonzo ezifanele nezinokuba lulutho kwiinkampani namashishini amakhulu.
Urhulumente unomgaqo-nkqubo wokunikezela ngamathuba eethenda kwiinkampani ezithile. Oko ke kukuthi urhulumente uthathela ingqalelo eminye imiba engeloxabiso xa anikezela ngethenda. Ukuba inkampani ethile ithi iziveze njengenkampani yenkqubo yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama, ngelixa ingekho phantsi kwabalawuli abamnyama, le nkampani inetyala "lokukhohlisa".
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11453.11453.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Nawuphi na umntu onqwenelela ukuthengisa, ukwenza nokuhambisa utywala ngokwasemthethweni ngokomthetho kufuneka abe nephepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala.
Ukuba usomashishini othengisa utywala uthi aphaamisane nabanye abantu, oku kunokuthi kanti akuhambiselani nomthetho iLiquor Act okanye ke imiqathango yelo phepha-mvume. Kusenokufakwa isikhalazo emapoliseni, aya kuthi ke wona amthathele amanyathelo loo somashishini.
Unakho ukungasamkeli isicelo sephepha-mvume lotywala.
Uluntu kudingeka ukuba lwazi ngezicelo zamaphepha-mvume otywala aphantsi koqaphelisiso ukuze lukwazi ukudwelisa inkcaso. IBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona-Koloni ngoko ipapasha uludwe lwezicelo ezingenileyo ngenyanga nganye.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11455.11455.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo banamalungelo afanayo nawabanye abantu bonke.
UMgaqo-siseko uthi awona malungelo angundoqo abo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika aya kukhuselwa ze ahlonitshwe. La malungelo adweliswe kuMqulu Wamalungelo kwakunye neemeko apho kungavumeleka ukuba la malungelo ancitshiswe/avinjwe khona.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11458.9741.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ulingqina yaye woyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho ngezizathu zokuba lingqina, ungazifakela isicelo sokukhuselwa njengengqina. Ungoyikisela ukhuseleko lwakho okanye olwakhe nabani na osenyongweni kuwe. Ungoyika umntu omnye okanye iqela labantu.
Nabani na olilungu lekhaya lakho okanye losapho lwakho, okanye osenyongweni kuwe nangaluphi na uhlobo, angakufakela isicelo sokhuseleko xa ungakwazi wean.
Umntu lowo mkhulu ungumrhanelwa kwelo tyala umntwana lowo alingqina kulo, okanye umntwana lowo akanamntu mkhulu umjongileyo, okanye umntu lowo mkhulu ujongene nomntwana lowo akafumaneki, okanye kunokubonakaliswa ukuba umntu omkhulu lowo uyala ukunikezela ngemvume engenasizathu sibambekayo.
Uba lingqina xa unikezela ubungqina (unikezela ubungqina enkundleni okanye unikezelo ingxelo efungelweyo) ngoku, okanye ke mhlawumbi kuya kufuneka unikezele kwilixa elizayo okanye wawukhe wanikezela ubungqina ngaphambili. Obu bungqina ke bunganikezelwa kwityala elikhulu lolwaphulo-mthetho, kuphendla-phendlo, kwikomishoni okanye kwinkundlana, kuphando olwenziwaliCandelo Elizimeleyo Elijongene Nezikhalazo okanye kwityala lokuthinjwa kwempahla.
Wena okanye nabani na osemngciphekweni wokhuseleko angasuswa kuloo meko inobungozi ngoko nangoko. Uya kubekwa kwindawo yokhuseleko lwamangqina yexeshana, ze emva koko kuqwalaselwe isicelo sokhuseleko lwakho isigxina. Ukuba isicelo sakho sithe saphunyezwa uya kubekwa kwindawo yokhuseleko lwamangqina isigxina.
Kufuneka ube lingqina, okanye ufake isicelo egameni lomntu olingqina, ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo sokhuseleko lobungqina.
Igosa eliphandayo (umcuphi) ophanda ityala olingqina kulo.
Inkumanda yeso sikhululo okanye nabani na osemagunyeni kuso nasiphi isikhululo.
Ukuba usentolongeni, igosa eliphetheyo kuloo ntolongo okanye unontlalo-ntle obhalisiweyo kuloo ntolongo.
Umtshutshisi wombuso otshutshisa kwityala onikezela ubungqina kulo, okanye ke uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu (owayesakwaziwa njengeGqwetha Elikhulu Lombuso) kuloo ngingqi.
Naliphi na ilungu leCandelo Lokhuseleko Lwamangqina.
Umntu onikezele ingxelo yakho kuye uya kwenza amalungiselelo okususwa kwakho ngoko nangoko ukuba usemngciphekweni sele usemngciphekweni wokhuseleko. Kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iphewtshana lesicelo emva kokususwa kuloo meko inobungozi. uMlawuli weCandelo Lokhuseleko Lwamangqina uya kwaziswa kwiiyure ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo emva kokuba ususiwe kuloo meko inobungozi wasiwa kwindawo okhuseleko lwexeshana.
Uya kugcinwa kuloo ndawo yokhuseleko lwexeshana isithuba esingagqithanga kwiiveki ezimbini. Ngesi sihuba ke igosa lokhuseleko lwamangqina liya kwenza uphando ngesicelo sakho, phando olo luquka uvavanyo lomngcipheko okuwo kwakunye nokhuhlolwa kwakho yingcali kwizigulo zengqondo. Igosa eli liya kunikezela le ngxelo kulo Mlawuli, oya kuhi yena afikelele kwisigqibo sokuba landiswe na ixesha lakho lokufakwa kukhuseleko lwexeshana, ufakwe kwinkqubo esisigxina yokhuseleko lwamangqina okanye asikhabe esi sicelo kusini na.
Ukuba uMlawuli lo uthi afikelele kwisigqibo sokuba ufakwe kwinkqubo esisigxina yokhuseleko lwamangqina, kuya kufuneka utyikitye isivumelwano sokukhuselwa. Kwesi sivumelwano ke uyavuma ukuba uya kuyithobela yonke imiqathango yale nkqubo yokukhuselwa, miqathango leyo ke isekelwe ekubeni ungakhuphi na naziphi na iinkcukacha ngale nkqubo ndawonye nayiphi na imiqathango enokuba iyachaphazeleka kweli tyala ubandakanyeka kulo. Akuyikufakwa kwinkqubo esisxina yokukhuselwa de ube kanti usityikityile esi sivumelwano. Esi sivumelwano ke siqulunqelwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwakho ndawonye nokhuseleko lwamagosa enkqubo yokhuseleko lwamangqina kwakunye nabani na obandakanyekayo kule nkqubo. Onke amangqina asele ekhe afumana ukhuseleko kule nkqubo nawayithobelayo imiqathango awayeyibekelwe akwisivumelwano sawo sokukhuselwa asakhuselekile nangoku.
Ukufakwa kwinkqubo esisigxina yokhuseleko akuthethi ukuba uya kuba kule nkqubo yokhuseleko ubom bakho bonke. Ukukhuselwa isigxina kuthetha ukukhuselwa de kuphele umngcipheko wokhuseleko ebomini bakho, kwakunye nesithuba sokhuseleko sokugqibela esiziiveki ezintandathu, esilandelwa kukukhululwa kwakho kuloo nkqubo. Ukukhululwa kwakho kusenokuthetha ukutshintshwa kweenkukacha zakho, nto leyo ingakukutshintshwa kwegama nefani kwanokuhlaliswa kwenye indawo ususwe kuleyo ubusoloko uhlala kuyo.
Wena nosapho lwakho oluphangaleleyo, apho kuyimfuneko, niya kuhlaliswa kwindlu ekhuselekileyo esele inempahla yendlu kodwa enizithengelayo ukutya kuyo (akuyihlawuleli yona indawo yokuhlala).
Uya kususwa kwingingqi ohlala kuyo ukuba oko kubonwa kuyimfuneko.
Ingcali kuchaphazelekeni kwengqondo zizehlo iya kwenza uvavanyo lwengqondo ze ikuncede apho ubonakala uphazamiseka khona.
Uya kufakwa kwinkqubo yokuziqhelanisa ukuze ube nokuzazi izinto omawuzilindele.
Ukuba akuphangeli, uya kufumana inkxaso-mali eya kukunceda ufikelele kwizidingo zakho ezingundoqo.
Ukuba uyaphangela, uya kufumana umvuzo othabatha indawo yalowo wakho wesiqhelo.
Ukuba ukunye nabantwana bakho, kuya kwenziwa amalungiselelo okuba baye esikolweni.
Ezine iindleko, ezifana okufunda kwakho, uthutho, impahla yokunxiba kwakunye neendleko zonyango, kuya kujongwana nazo.
Uya kukhatyelwa ngaphandle kwale nkqubo yokhuseleko ukuba kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba uthe wophula nawuphi umqathango obuwubekelwe, okanye kufumaniseke ukuba akuzenzi ngendlela eyamkelekileyo izinto kule nkqubo. Le nkqubo ke ayimelani tu 'nabantu abathubelezisa ulwazi', abo ke ngabantu abenza ngathi bangamangqina ukuze babe nokungena kule nkqubo.
iCandelo Lokhuseleko Lwamangqina kungoku nje linikezela nangononophelo lwamangqina aphuma kule nkqubo ukuwanceda akwazi ukuzibuyisela eluntwini emva kokushiya inkqubo esisigxina yokhuseleko (oko ke kukuthi, emva kokukhutshwa kwakho kule nkqubo). Kwisithuba sokugqibela esiziiveki ezintandathu, kuya kuphinda kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo lomngcipheko wokhuseleko lwakho. Ukukhutshswa kwakho kule nkqubo isisigxina yokhuseleko kungathetha ukutshintshwa mhlawumbi kwegama nefani yakho. Uya kuncediswa ukuze ube nokuzibuyisela eluntwini. Kusenoku yimfuneko kanti ukuba uyishiye kuphele ingingqi obusoloko uhlala kuyo. Njrngomzekelo wokuba kungenzeka njani na oku, ukuba uhlala kwindlu yeRDP kuloo ngingqi, ungatshintshelwa kwenye indlu yeRDP ekwenye ingingqi.
Yonke into enento yokwenza nokhuseleko lwamangqina yenziwa ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iWitness Protection Act 112 ka-1998. Eli Candelo Lokhuseleko Lwamangqina linee-ofisi zemimandla ezilithoba, inye kwiphondo ngalinye. Noko kunjalo ke, iindawo ezikuzo ezi ofisi azichazwa eluntwini. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye izinto ofuna ukuzazi ezifana mhlawumbi nokunikezela umkhomba-ndlela kweli Candelo, elisePitoli neliyingxenye yeCandelo Lesizwe Lotshutshiso Loluntu, elicandelo lotshutshiso loluntu laseMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11460.11460.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
AmaPolisa eSixeko saseKapa (CTCP) yinkonzo yamapolisa kamasipala. Umsebenzi ophambili we-CTCP kukunikezela inkonzo yobupolisa ngokuthi ibonakale rhoqo. Nawo akwabamba abantu ze anikezele nezohlwayo zeendidi zawo amatyala. Oku ingalulwaphulo-mthetho olunzima, amatyala eZithuthi kunye nemithetho kamaspala kwingingqi ngaphakathi kwiSixeko saseKapa.
Abantu abasebenzisana namapolisa ngamavolontiya aphuma ekuhlaleni anamagunya noxanduva olufanayo nolwamapolisa xa besemsebenzini. Ukuze ube ngumntu osebenzisana namapolisa kufuneka iimpepha zaseburhulumenteni zibe zithi akuzange wophula mthetho, futhi kufuneka ubuncinci ube waliphumelela ibanga leshumi.
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ukuba ulixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungenzakala ngokwasemphefumlweni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, isikhululo samapolisa yayingeyondawo apho amaxhoba, ingakumbi kulwaphulo-mthetho lobundlobongela, anokuziva ekhululekile xa egqithisa ingxelo yawo kumapolisa, okanye indawo abanokuthi bafumane uncedo lonyango ekonzakaleni ngokwasemphufumlweni.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11477.15169.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni (iWCED) liyajongisisa ukuba abantwana ababhaliselwe imfundo yasekhaya benza umsebenzi ohambelana nezidingo zemfundo ngokuthiwa thaca leli sebe yaye bayavavanywa futhi bazuza iziphumo ezidingekayo kubantwana abakwelo banga.
Agcine iimpepha zendlela umntwana asihamba ngayo isikolo.
Agcine zonke iimpepha ezinemisebenzi yomfundi lowo.
Agcine iimpepha ezinendlela umfundi lowo aqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Agcine iinkcukacha zenkxaso anikwa yona umfundi lowo kwizifundo ezo.
Agcine ubungqina bendlela yovavanyo oluqhubekekayo lomsebenzi womfundi lowo.
Agcine ubungqina bolo vavanyo kunye/okanye neemviwo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye.
Agcine ubungqina ekupheleni kwamabanga 3, 6 kunye nele-9 apho abonisa khona ukuba iziphumo ezidingekayo kula mabanga zizuziwe okanye hayi.
Ezi mpepha zineziphumo zomfundi kufuneka zivuleleke kwiSebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni ukuba lizihlole. Zonke iziphumo ezifanele ukugcinwa kufuneka zigcinwe iminyaka emithathu.
Ekupheleni kwebakala ngalinye, abazali kufuneka baqashe umntu okuqeqeshelweyo ukuvavanya, ongqinwa nayiNtloko yeSebe lezeMfundo, ukuba avavanye indlela abantwana abaqhuba ngayo ekupheleni kwelo bakala.
Umzali angadibana nesikolo sikarhulumente okanye esizimeleyo esibhalisiweyo ukuba simncedise afumane umntu okulungeleyo ukuvavanya abantwana kwelo banga.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11495.6409.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Oomama/abagcini babantwana bayacetyiswa ukuba base iintsana zabo ezisandul' ukuzalwa kwiikliniki zononophelo lwesigaba sokuqala ukuze ziye kuhlolwa njengesiqhelo.
ukuhlolwa kokuphuhla komntwana kwenziwa njengento yesiqhelo ngamaxesha okutyelelwa kweklinikhi ukuza kugonywa.
ebudala buziinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo.
Usana luye luhlolwe luze luqwalaselwe ngokwasemzimbeni. Olu lokuhlolwa lunceda ekuqwalaseleni ukukhula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Iimvavanyo zisetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba usana lukhula ngokufanelekileyo na ngokuhambelana nobudala balo, ze ziqwalasele imigama esele ihanjiwe ngokwasekukhuleni efana nokuhlala, ukuma, ukukhasa, ukuhamba, ukuthetha nokuphatha izinto. Kukwaqwalaselwa nokubona kwanokuva kosana.
Ukuba kukho ingxaki, usana luye luthunyelwe kwikliniki yeengcali okanye kumachule ukunceda nokunika iingcebiso, umzekelo, iingcali zempilo yengqondo neyomzimba xa zifumaneka, ngokuxhomekeka kwingxaki leyo neemfunno zomntwana lowo.
Iziphumo zovavanyo lokuqwalasela ziye zishicilelwe kwikhadi lasekliniki nakwitshathi yokukhula kosana, ezithi zombini zigcinwe ekliniki. Ubunzima bosana nabo buyashicilelwa kwiTshati ebizwa ngokuba yiTshathi yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni, nethi inikezelwe kumama lusakuba luzelwe usana lwakhe, ze yena ayigcine. Eli khadi lushicilelo oluqhubekayo nolungenkqubela yosana yaye oomama kufuneka bawaphathe rhoqo kutyelelo ngalunye lwasekliniki.
Ukuqwalaselwa kokukhula komntwana yingxenye yesisiseko soncedo lwezempilo. Kuquka ukujongwa rhoqo komlinganiselo wobunzima bomntwana (maxa wambi nobude bakhe). Ukuthatyathwa komlinganiselo kuqala ekuzalweni kuqhube de abe umntwana uneminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ngokufezekileyo, ubunzima bomntwana kufuneka bulinganiswe kanye ngenyanga de abe neminyaka emibini ezelwe, aphinde aye kathathu ngenyanga de abe neminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Umongikazi osekliniki ubhala ubunzima bomntwana kwikhadi elibizwa ngokuba liKhadi leNdlela esingisa eMpilweni. Obu bunzima buthelekiswa netshati yokukhula, ukujonga ukuba ubunzima bukwinqanaba elamkelekileyo lokukhula komntwana kusini na. Ukuba umntwana ubunzima bakhe bungaphantsi kunobo bulindelekileyo, izongezo zokutya ziyafumaneka ezikliniki okanye umntwana uye athunyelwe kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuba undwendwela okokuqala kwiziko lezeMpilo, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze uvulelwe icwecwe lokugcina iimpepha ezineenkcukachazakho. Yiza neNcwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawubhalisile ngaphambili kwelo ziko. Yiza neTshati yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingise eMpilweni.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka mahala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11497.5788.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isigulo esiqatha seso siqhubekeka ixesha elide okanye siphinde sibuye emva kwexesha elide. Ezinye zezona zigulo ziqatha sisifo semiphunga kwanesoxinzelelo lwegazi (ubushushu begazi).
Izigulo ezondeleyo zinokudalwa yimfuzo kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibakho ngendlela aphila ngayo, kwakhona neemeko zokusingqongileyo, ziyazandisa, ezifana nokutshaya, ukutya okungafanelekanga, ukungazilolongi, nokusela okugqithisileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko ziyalawuleka, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibangelwa kukuhlupheka, nokungatyi kutya kusempilweni lo mzuzu umntu akhulelweyo.
Kukho umbandela wenkonzo obaluleke kakhulu onenjongo yokuthintela isigulo nokuvuselela imo yempilo, ngokungaphandle kokwalatha isigulo kwangethuba, ukulawula nokunciphisa ingozi.
Izigulo ezondeleyo ezibekwa kuqala zezi: ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi isifo soxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo sesifuba, isifo sokuwa, isifo sezintso, umhlaza, isifo sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemiphunga, kunye neswekile uHlobo lwesi 2 (iswekile yohlobo loku 1, olufunyanwa kubantwana abancinci, yiyona iqhelekileyo) Uninzi lwezi zifo zezethuba elide kwaye ezinye zazo azinakunyangeka, zinokuthintelwa kuphela.
Kumgangatho wokuqala wononophelo lwempilo inkonzo isekelezelwe ekuthinteleni ngokuthi kufundiswe abantu ngezibonelelo zendlela yokuphila esempilweni. Ikliniki nganye inomntu oqeshiweyo onezakhono zokufumana iziphumo zoxilongo nokulawula iimeko zezifo ezondeleyo ukuqalela kwabancinci ukuya kwabadala. Izigulana ziya kwazi ukubona umongikazi omnye xa ziphinda zibuya, xa ziza rhoqo kunyango lweswekile/ kwisifo soxinzelelo lwegazi okanye kwisifo sesifuba. Zinikwa ikhadi okanye into emaziyincamathisele kumacwecwe azo wona aqinisekisa ulondolozo oluqhubekekayo. Ukucebisa nokuthobela yingxenye yale nkonzo. Oogqirha namagosa ezonyango bayatshintshiselana ngokuvelela izigulana ezinezifo ezondeleyo ezisezibhedlele nasezikliniki.
Akho amalungiselelo enziweyo okuba izigulana (ingakumbi abadala) zingayi qho ezibhedlele nasezikliniki ngokuthi zinikwe amayeza aza kuthatha inyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu. Abasebenzi bade baqalisa nemibutho namaqela awodwa enkxaso ukulungiselela abantu abanezigulo ezondeleyo. Ngale ndlela ke izigulana zingathi zifumane ingcaciso ngononophelo lwempilo olulodwa nemfundo ebhekiselele kwiimeko zabo zempilo.
Xa impilo isiya isiba mandundu okanye izigulana zigula kakhulu, ziye zisiwe kumgangatho olandelayo wolondolozo.
Inikezelwe apha ngezantsi imizekelo yeendlela zokuthintela, zokulawula nokunyanga izifo ezondeleyo.
ISIFO SESIFUBA sichaphazela abadala nabantwana. Kukudumba okondeleyo kwemibhobho yomoya ebangelwa yinto ethile engavumelani nempilo yomntu. Isifo sesifuba asinyangeki, kodwa sinokulawulwa ngokuyimpumelelo ngokuthi kusetyenziswe amayeza yonke imihla. Ukuhlolwa nonyango lwabadala lwenziwa kwiikliniki zokulondoloza impilo zokuqala apho abagulayo baxilongelwa khona, luqala khona uvavanyo olulodwa nokunyanga abantu. Abagulayo bafundiswa ngendlela yokulawula izifo zabo zesifuba , baziswe ngemiba ezisenza mandundu ezinjengokutshaya, ukungazilolongi nothuli olusendlini. Izigulana ezihlaselwa kakhulu sisifo sesifuba zinokufuna uncedo lonyango olungxamisekileyo, zithunyelwe nasezibhedlele.
ISIFO SOXINZELELO LWEGAZI sisifo sendlela yokuphila esinokuthi sithintelwe size sinyangwe. Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlala lunyukile ithutyana elide, kuye kubekho ubuzaza. Ob buzaza budibanise imithanbo yegazi, intliziyo, izintso kunye namehlo. Izinto ezinokuthi zikhokelele kukufa kwelungu nasekufeni. Izigulana ezinesifo soxinzelelo lwegazi ziza kuxelelwa kumgangatho wokuqala wokulondoloza impilo ngendlela yokuphucula impilo yazo jikelele nangendlela yokunciphisa eminye imiba yesifo sentliziyo umzekelo ukuzilolonga, ukuyeka ukutshaya, utywala neziyobisi nokuphungula ukusebenzisa ityuwa. Ukuba kuthe emva kwazo zonke ezi zinto, uxinzelelo lwahlala luphezulu, uza kuchazelwa ngonyango. Kufuneka izigulana zibuye zize rhoqo ekliniki zizokujongwa zinikwe namayeza. Kufuneka izigulo ezinobuzaza ezifana nesifo sokufelwa lilungu lomzimba, isifo sentliziyo ukuyeka kwezintso zinyangwe kumgangatho wesibhedlele.
Iinkonzo yolondolozo lwezigulo ezondeleyo kwimigangatho emithathu - owokuqala ophakathi nowesithathu - ilungelelanisa ukuba abantu abafuna inkam-nkam bayifumane.
Ezi nkonzo zifumaneka kwiikliniki nezibhedlele zonke eziseNtshona Koloni. Abantu abaqalayo ukuza kwizibhedlele baza kucelwa ukuba bazalise iphetshana elifuna iinkcukacha zabo, ze bakugqiba bavulelwe icwecwe. Kufuneka beze nezazisi zabo. Kuza kufunwa incwadi yembalelwano ebasusa ekliniki ibase esibhedlele. Esibhedlele kuza kufunwa isiqinisekiso somvuzo waloo nyanga uye ngayo/ uxwebhu lokuhlola umvuzo (RP5) Ukuba ubukhe weza esibhedlele , yiza nekhadi lakho. Indlela yokuhlawula: Akuhlawulwa, kodwa ke ikho imali ehlawulwayo xa usiza esibhedlele, kwaye le ixhomekeke kumvuzo owamkelayo nakubantu abaxhomekeke kuwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11501.6392.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uncedo lwasekhaya (i-HBC ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) kukunikezelwa kweemfuno zoncedo lokonga ngabanikezeli abasesikweni okanye abangekho sikweni, kubantu emakhayeni abo. Le nkonzo iyafumaneka kubantu abaneemfuno ngokwasengqondweni, emzimbeni, emphefumlweni nasentlalweni. Phakathi kwabantu abalulungeleyo olu ncedo ngabo banesifo sokushwabana icala lomzimba, abaphila noGawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe, abaphazamisekileyo ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni, abantu abadala ababuthathaka, okanye abantu abagula kakhulu. Uncedo olunikezelwayo lwenzelwe ukugcina nokubuyisela iqondo eliphezulu lozinzo nolonwabo, ukusebenza kunye nempilo, kuquka nokufa okundilisekileyo.
Ngubani onikezela ngoncedo lwasekhaya?
Iinkonzo zoncedo lwasekhaya kwiNtshona Kapa zithi zinikezelwe yimibutho engajonganga ngeniso nethi ifake izicelo zomsebenzi ofun' ukwenziwa ze ifumane inkxaso-mali kuRhulumente wePhondo. Abaguli abafuna inkathalo eqhubekayo ekhaya besakube bekhululwe esibhedlele, bathi bathunyelwe kwiziko lezempilo elikwiCandelo lezempilo kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Umongikazi ekliniki okanye kwiziko lezempilo uye athumele umguli kumbutho ongajonganga ngeniso emele iinkonzo zoncedo lwasekhaya kwindawo ohlala kuyo. UmLawuli wombutho lowo (umongikazi) uya kuthi avavanye iimfuno zomguli ekhayeni lakhe aze abenzele isicwangciso. Umongikazi uya kuthi ke atyumbe umntu oza kunikezela ngoncedo kumguli lowo. Umnikezeli ngoncedo uya kuthi anikezele ngeenkonzo ngokomyalelo okwisicwangciso soncedo, aze umongikazi atyelele umguli lowo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso siyaqhutywa.
Uncedo lwasekhaya asiloncedo oluthatha iiyure ezingama-24, yaye aluthathi ndawo yosapho njengabantu abanceda umguli. Lwenzelwe kuphela iinkonzo zokuncedisa nokuxhasa ukunqanda ukuxakekiswa kwabanikezeli ngoncedo abasoloko benyanzeleka ukuba banyamekele izizalwane zabo ezigulayo.
Abanikezeli ngoncedo abavela kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo kuye kufuneke ukuba bagqibe izifundo zonikezelo ngoncedo lwasekhaya ezithi ziququzelelwe liSebe lezeMpilo. Uqeqesho oluqhubekekayo luqhutyelwa kwezo ndawo zoncedo, luye lunikezelwe leli Sebe ukuqinisekisa ukuba nakho kwabanikezeli ngoncedo ukwenza umsebenzi abawuqeqeshelwayo.
Abasebenzi bezoncedo kulindeleke ukuba bancede abaguli kunye namalungu eentsapho zabo ukuba baphile bekwazi nokuzimela. Abasebenzi abasebenza ngokuzithandela nabo baye bafunwe ukuncedisa iinkonzo ezinikelwa ngabasebenzi boncedo. Bathi bezinikele njengamaqabane, bathuthe amayeza, bathunywe nasezivenkileni, njalo njalo.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba le nkonzo ayikho kuzo zonke iindawo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11504.6394.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Umongikazi uya kuthi afune umchamo wakho, oza kuthi uvavanywe.
Kuya kuthi xa ukhulelo luthe lwaqinisekiswa, lowo ukhulelweyo akhethiswe phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo. Ukuba ubani ufuna ukuqhubekeka nokhulelwa oko, uya kuthi athunyelwe kwenye yeendawo zoncedo lwezempilo ezibizwa ngokuba ngamaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi). La ke ngamacandelo aphethwe ngababelekisi kwindawo ohlala kuyo, bekwenza oku kubaguli boncedo lwezonyango.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango.
Iimvavanyo zenziwa mahala kumaCandelo kaRhulumente ezonyango kodwa qala uqinisekise ukuba ayafumaneka, ingakumbi ezilalini.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11504.6394.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Umongikazi uya kuthi afune umchamo wakho, oza kuthi uvavanywe.
Kuya kuthi xa ukhulelo luthe lwaqinisekiswa, lowo ukhulelweyo akhethiswe phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo. Ukuba ubani ufuna ukuqhubekeka nokhulelwa oko, uya kuthi athunyelwe kwenye yeendawo zoncedo lwezempilo ezibizwa ngokuba ngamaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi). La ke ngamacandelo aphethwe ngababelekisi kwindawo ohlala kuyo, bekwenza oku kubaguli boncedo lwezonyango.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango.
Iimvavanyo zenziwa mahala kumaCandelo kaRhulumente ezonyango kodwa qala uqinisekise ukuba ayafumaneka, ingakumbi ezilalini.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11504.6396.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje emva kokubeleka.
Umama uye enziwe uvavanyo lokuqala olupheleleyo neengcebiso kutyelelo lwakhe lokuqala emva kokubeleka, nolukwabizwa ngokuba lutyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Ukukhulelwa kuyaqwalaselwa ngawo onke amaxesha umama esiza kutyelelo olulandelayo. Impilo kamama nayo iyaqwalaselwa. Kuthatyathwa ubunzima bakhe, uxinzelelo lwakhe lwegazi, ze kuvavanywe nomchamo wakhe. Ukuba akukho zingxaki, umama uthi abuye kutyelelo lwakhe olulandelayo lokuqala emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuza kuva ngeziphumo zeemvavanyo ebezenziwe ngethuba lotyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Emva koku, kufuneka abuyele ekliniki rhoqo emva kweeveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezingama-28, aphinde emva kwezingama-34, emva koko aye njengoko exelelwe ngabasebenzi basekliniki okanye abeCandelo lokuBelekisa. (Ukuphinda-phinda ngexesha elimisiweyo kuyohluka ngokweendawo).
Oomama abakhulelweyo bavavanywa kangangoko ukukhangela ukuba akukho mingcipheko kusini na ngokuphathelele kwimpilo yabo naleyo yosana olungekazalwa. Ulutsha olungamantombazana kunye nabasetyhini abangaphezulu kwama-35 eminyaka ubudala, nabakhulelweyo bathathwa njengabona bantu basemngciphekweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngabona bantu kufaneleke ukuba babe neengxaki ngethuba lokukhulelwa nokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abakhulelweyo nabo bangabonwa njengabantu abasemngciphekweni ukuba uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi luye lwanyuka, ukuba baneziphazamiso zemfuzo, ukuba ukhulelwe abantwana abangaphezulu kwesinye naxa babenziwe uqhaqho ngethuba eludlileyo lokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abafunyenwe besemngciphekweni bathunyelwa kwikliniki yabaguli abasandul' ukubeleka kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu, apho kuthi kwenziwe uphando neemvavanyo. Oomama abaneengxaki ekukhulelweni kwabo baye bacetyiswe ukuba baye kwiikliniki zabangaliswayo abasandul' ukubeleka rhoqo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango. Abantu abangekho mngcipheweni kakhulu ekukhulelweni kwabo baye baqwalaselwe kumaCandelo okuBelekisa (amaCandelo okuBelekisa aphethwe ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni bewaqhubela abaguli bamaziko ezempilo) ezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye ezilalini. Abantu abakhulelweyo nabasemngciphekweni ngolona hlobo baye baqwalaselwe kwiikliiniki zabagula bengalaliswa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nakwizibhedlele kwizithili ezisezilalini kwanezo zikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11504.6425.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni i-FAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abane-FAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abane-FAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
Ungalufumana olu ncedo kwikliniki yoncedo lwezempilo, kwiikliniki ezinceda oomama ngolwazi lwaphambi kokubeleka okanye kwizibhedlele eziphezulu ukuba udluliselwe kumgca ongentla.
Ukuba uya okokuqala kwiziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe neqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile kwelo ziko. Yiza neTshathi yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni. Ukuba uxhalabile yindlela obusela ngayo utywala, okanye kukho imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza kumsebenzi wezempilo, nceda ukwenze oko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye i-FAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni iFAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abaneFAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abaneFAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11504.6425.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Izalathiso > Iinkonzo > Ezempilo > Impilo Yoomama & Neyamakhosikazi > Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni i-FAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abane-FAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abane-FAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Izinga lempilo nelokondleka kukamama.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
Ungalufumana olu ncedo kwikliniki yoncedo lwezempilo, kwiikliniki ezinceda oomama ngolwazi lwaphambi kokubeleka okanye kwizibhedlele eziphezulu ukuba udluliselwe kumgca ongentla.
Ukuba uya okokuqala kwiziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe neqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile kwelo ziko. Yiza neTshathi yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni. Ukuba uxhalabile yindlela obusela ngayo utywala, okanye kukho imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza kumsebenzi wezempilo, nceda ukwenze oko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye i-FAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni iFAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abaneFAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abaneFAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Izinga lempilo nelokondleka kukamama.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11504.6521.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abafazi abayeka ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha elililo (ngaphambi kobudala obungama- 45 eminyaka) okanye abakwixesha lokuyeka kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu ezibagungqisayo, banakho ukufumana uphononongo koogqirha bomama kwakunye nokuxilongwa. Uvavanyo lwencindi lungenziwa ukuze kubekho izigqibo zonyango. Oomama bangacela ingcebiso ukuze bakwazi ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela yonyango iphucukileyo.
Ungatyelela indawo yonyango lokuqala esekuhlaleni, yaye ngokuxhomekeke kwingxaki leyo, usenokuthunyelwa kwicandelo leenkonzo zabasetyhini kummandla okanye kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu (iGroote Schuur okanye iTygerberg) ukuyokwenza uxilongo lwencindi, uphando oluthe xhaxhe nonyango. Kuya kufuneka uthunyelwe ukuba utyelele kwizibhedlele zommandla okanye kwezikumgangatho wesithathu apho iinkonzo zabasetyhini zifumaneka khona. Ukuba ungumtyeleli okokuqala, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu luya kuvulwa. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi kwakunye nekhadi lakho laseklinikhi/isibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe kakade kwindawo enjalo.
Inkonzo kwiindawo zokuqala zonyango lwempilo zisimahla ukuba akunayo imedical aid. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele, kusengakhona iindleko ezikhoyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11513.6453.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa kuthethwa ngempilo yasemsebenzini kuthethwa ngempilo nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Injongo yeenkonzo ezijongene nempilo yasemsebenzini kukuphakamisa umgangatho wezempilo, ukhuseleko nokwaneliseka kwiindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo nokukhuthaza ubukho babasebenzi abampilo intle, abakhutheleyo nabavelisa kangangoko. Nangona kunjalo, zikho iindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo ezingakhuselekanga nezichaphazela impilo yabasebenzi.
Iingcali zempilo yasemsebenzini (oogqirha/oonesi) kuwo wonke amaziko ezempilo ziqeqeshelwa ukubanako ukuchonga, ukufumanisa nokunyanga abasebenzi kwanokubabuyisela kwimi yabo yesiqhelo, basebenzi abo baphathwa zizifo ezingapheliyo, abonzakele ngenxa yeengozi ezenzeka emsebenzini okaye abathi babenokudibana nezinto ezinobungozi empilweni yabo.
Ingaba impilo yakho ichaphazeleka kakubi nakabuhlungu emsebenzini?
Abahloli abaphuma kwiinkonzo zokuhlola zeSebe leSizwe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi (khangela kwiinkonzo zabasebenzi) basoloko bezityelela imizi-mveliso kunye nezinye iindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo. Baye baqinisekise ukuba iindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo ziyahambelana nemimiselo yezempilo nokhuseleko njengoko ichazwe kuMthetho wezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini, uMthetho wama-85 ka-1993, mthetho lowo uphantsi kweSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi. Abahloli baye bacebise abaphathi nabanini ngeendlela zokuphucula iimeko ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo apho kukho imfuneko, kwaye bangawunyanzelisa umthetho wezemisebenzi ngokuthi bakhuphe izaziso, banqumamise iinkonzo kananjalo batshutshise abaphula umthetho.
Amagosa ezempilo yendawo asebenza ngokoMthetho wezeMpilo, uMthetho wama-63 ka-1077, ahlola iindawo ezithile kuphela, ndawo ezo zifana neerestoranti, izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya namazibuko, ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela kwawo imigaqo emiselweyo.
Ingaba iingxaki zempilo yam zingumvuka womsebenzi endiwenzayo?
Ingaba umsebenzi endiwenzayo usongeza nangakumbi na isigulo okanye ukwenzakala kwam?
Ingaba ndinazimpawu zithile endizivayo okanye endizibonayo kwixesha elithile lokgqiba kwam ukusebenza?
Ingaba oko ndikwenzayo ngoku kuya kuyichaphazela kusini na impilo yam kwiminyaka elishumi ukuya kwelshumi elinesihlanu ezayo?
Ingaba ikhuselekile na indawo endisebenzela kuyo?
Khumbula ukuba unakho ukufaka isicelo sembuyekezo ukuba wonzakele okanye ugule ngenxa yomsebenzi owenzayo. Imbuyekezo ilawulwa liSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi, kungelilo Sebe Lezempilo. Unakho ukufumana imbuyekezo ngazo zonke iindleko zonyango ezifanelekileyo.
Ukuba uguliswa kukuchaphazeleka okanye zizenzo zasemsebenzini, okanye kukonzakalela emsebenzini, oko kufuneka ukwazise umqeshi wakho, yena ekufuneka ngokomthetho akuthumele kwiziko lezempilo ukuze uye kuxilongwa unyangwe. Amagosa onyango lokuqala angakuthumela kwiziko lenqanaba lesibini okanye kwiziko lenqanaba lesithathu ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima bento ogula yiyo okanye bomonzakalo onawo.
Ikliniki i-Reed Street eBellville, kwiSixeko saseKapa, isebenzana nabantu abanezifo ezingenxa yeengxaki zasemsebenzini. Ivulwa kanye ngeveki kwaye amalungiselelo okuya kuyo kufuneka uwenze kwangaphambili. Inombolo yayo yomnxeba ithi: 021 946 3790.
Kubalulekile ukuba uchazele unesi ngento ekuchaphazeleyo okanye eyakuchaphazelayo emsebenzini osebenza kuwo okanye owawusebenza kuwo ngaphambili. Oko kungabandakanya: ingxolo, uthuli, iasbhestosi, irhasi, umsi kunye neentshukumo zoomatshini, ndawonye noxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga.
Ukuba uyaqala ukuya kwelo ziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana ngeenkcukacha zakho ze kwandulwe ukuvulwa uxwebhui. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho, incwadi othunyelwa ngayo ukuba iyafuneka, kunye nawo wonke amayeza owasebenzisayo. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele uya kufunwa iphetshana elichaza umvuzo wakho/ingxelo yengeniso IRP5. Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wakha wabhaliswa kwisibhedlele eso.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11514.11514.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
UMbuso ubonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango lwamazinyo nolomlomo kubemi beli ngeenjongo zokuphucula impilo yamazinyo, ukunqanda ukubola kwamazinyo futhi kunyangwe naziphi na iingxaki. Zeziphi iinkonzo zamazinyo ozifumanayo Ukubola Kwentsini, Isifo esisemlonyeni, Iyeza lokubulala iintlungu, Ukophuka kwemihlathi, Ngubani omakafumane inkonzo yenkxaso yokufakelwa amazinyo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11514.6256.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMbuso ubonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango lwamazinyo nolomlomo kubemi beli ngeenjongo zokuphucula impilo yamazinyo, ukunqanda ukubola kwamazinyo futhi kunyangwe naziphi na iingxaki.
Zeziphi iinkonzo zamazinyo ozifumanayo?
Ngubani omakafumane inkonzo yenkxaso yokufakelwa amazinyo?
Inkonzo yamazinyo yempilo echazwa ngomlomo iineenxenye ezintathu kulondozo olukumgangatho osisiseko (iikliniki zokuqala zolondolozo lwempilo): ukuvuselela, ukunqanda nokunyanga. Kwezinye iindawo zephondo (umz. iMossel Bay) ezi nkonzo zifana nezi ziyafumaneka kwizibhedlele zasekuhlaleni.
Iingcali zempilo yomlomo kumgangatho wekliniki zikhuthaza impilo yomlomo ngokufundisa abantu ngendlela yokugcina imilomo yabo, iintsini, namazinyo ekwimpilo entle, zize zibabonise nangendlela yokuthintela ukubola kwamazinyo nezinye iingxaki zomlomo.
Iinkonzo zonyango ezisisieko ezikhoyo zezengxilingo yomlomo, ezogesi(xray) eziskali nezokucoca amazinyo ukuze kusuke ukubola nokunqanda ukubola kwentsini, ukuwavala xa enemimgxunya nokunyanga iintlungu ezingxamisekileyo nokudumba okudibanisa nokukhutshwa kwezinyo. Into yemboleko egquma izinyo elaphukileyo nendawo ehlala amazinyo emboleko ziyafumaneka kodwa ayizizo izinto zokuqala.
Isigulana sinokunyangelwa ukubola kwentsini (periodontitis) ekliniki. Kananjalo sikhona nesifundo senzululwazi yesifo somlomo -ukwenzakala nezilonda kwizihlunu ezithambileyo ezisemlonyeni ezibangelwa kukutshaya okugqithisileyo, ukunxila okanye ukosulelwa sisifo sikaGawulayo.-isigulana sisengozini yokufumana umhlaza, size sisiwe kwisibhedlele esikudidi lwesithathu.
Abantu abanesifo sika Gawulayo kunye nabo banoGawulayo babanesifo somlomo. Esi ke sisilonda esivulekileyo okanye, ukwenzakala emlonyeni iDuflucan , iyeza lokunyanga isifo somlomo lifumaneka fele-fele kwikliniki zokuqala zononophelo lwempilo.
URhulumente wePhondo unika inkonzo yokufakela amazinyo kubantu abadala abasokolayo , nakwabo bafumana imali yenkam-nkam nabo bahlala kumakhaya abantu abadala. Kukho nemali ebhatalelwa ukusetyenziswa kwelebhu.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokulungisa amazinyo nemihlathi bangabonwa kumancedo ononophelo lwempilo yokuqala kodwa ke bangasiwa kwisikoko sokufunda ngezamazinyo kwiYunivesithi yaseKapa neSibhedlele iTygerberg.
Iqela lempilo yasezidolophini lidibanisa ugqirha wamazinyo, nomncedisi wakhe nomntu onika impilo ngomlomo, kwiikliniki zasezidolophini.. Imeko yohlukile ke kwimimandla esezilalini ebikhe yandwendwelwa liqela elinezixhobo zokukhupha amazinyo eli jikelezayo . Ezi zixhobo zingasetyenziswa njengenkonzo kaxakeka / engxamisekileyo, ingakumbi ezikolweni.
Inkqubo yokuvuselela nokuthintela iquka ukundwendwela ngabasebenzi bempilo kwizikolo zabangekaqali nakwiizikolo zabaqalayo . Ingcaciso enikwa ngomlomo kwanaleyo inxulumene nayamazinyo nemfundo inikwa oomama abakhulelweyo njengenkonzo ephambi kokubeleka.
Inkonzo ifumaneka kuzo zonke iikliniki namaziko olondolozo lwempilo yokuqala. Izigulana ezineengxaki ezinobuzaza ziza kusiwa ezibhedleleBaza kucelwa bazalise iifomu baze bavulelwe iifolda abantu abaqalayo ukutyelela iikliniki/ izibhedlele ezikumgangatho wesibini nowesithathu. Kuza kufuneka umntu eze nencwadi yakhe yesazisi. Kuza kufunwa ileta ekuthumela esibhedlele xa usiya kuso. Izibhedlele ziza kufuna isijungqe sokwamkela sakho senyanga yokugqibela okanye uxwebhu lokwamkela (IRP5) xa usiza esibhedlele. Kuza kufuneka uze nekhadi lakho xa ubukhe waya esibhedlele.
Awubhatali mali xa usiza kumgangatho wokuqala wolondolozo lwempilo. Kodwa xa uthe wathunyelwa esibhedlele kufuneka ubhatele. Imali ke iza kuxhomekeka kumvuzo owamkelayo okanye kubantu abaxhomekeke kuwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11516.6465.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uninzi lweengxaki zokukhubazeka, kubandakanywa iingxaki zokuthetha nokuva zibonakala xa iintsana nabaqingqayo behlolwa njalo ngexesha lokukhula kwabo kwiikliniki zonyango. Ukuba ikho imfuneko umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki esebenza ngeengxaki ezizodwa. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. igcali yezifo zasemsebenzini, kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango (ukuba lukhona). Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abathi apha ekuhambeni kwexesha babe neengxaki zokuthetha nokuva kuya kufuneka ukuba baye kwikliniki yonyango, apho baya kuvavanywa khona.
Abantwana bangathunyelwa kwigcisa leengxaki zokuthetha okanye kwigcisa leengxaki zokuva kwiikliniki ezijongana neengxaki ezizodwa, ngcali ezo zikhoyo noko phaya kummandla weBholani/Overberg nakummandla woNxweme oluseNtshona/Winelands. Ikho inkonzo yezigulane ezilaliswayo kuphela phaya kwiNqila yaseKapa kwisibhedlele iBooth Memorial nakwisibhedlele iBrooklyn Chest. Azikho iinkonzo ezilolu hlobo kuMzantsi Kapa/kwiKaroo.
Izibhedlele iTygerberg, iGroote Schuur Nesabantwana Somnqamlezo Obomvu zibonelela ngezixhobo zokuncedisa abantu abangeva kakuhle.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom size isigulane eso sivulelwe ifayili. Ukuba ufuna isincedisi esifana nesincedisi sokuva, kuya kufuneka ukuba ufune unesi weengxaki zomzimba okanye ingcali yeengxaki zomzimba kwikliniki ekufutshane okanye kwiziko lezempilo lasekuhlaleni/kwisibhedlele sesithili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho kwaye yena umntwana makaphathelwe ikhadi lakhe elibizwa ngokuba Yindlela Eya Empilweni.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa Wezempilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ku-2003, le nkonzo iya kufumaneka simahla. Le nkonzo ke ijongana nezigulana ezingalaliswayo kwakunye nokwamkelwa ezibhedlele kwezigulana, iquka izixhobo ezincedisda ekukhubazekeni ezifana nezo zokuncedisana nabantu abangevayo. Le nkonzo isimahla ke iquka abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, nto leyo ikhokelele ekubeni kube nzima ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kwaba bantu.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11517.11517.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Inkonzo izama ukunceda omama notata abangafumani bantwana ukuba bakhawule babe nzima. Ingcebiso nolwazi luyanikezelwa mayela neendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo. Imbali yala maqabane iyathatyathwa zize neemvavanyo zenziwe. Kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, unyango lochumiso luyanikezelwa okanye kucetyiswe ngokuchasene nalo.
Inkonzo Engxamisekileyo Yokuthintela Ukukhulelwa ingancedisa ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwea okungalindelekanga. Nangona le nkonzo Ingxamisekileyo Yokucwangicsa ingasetyenziswa iiyure ezilikhulu elinamashumi amabini nje (iintsuku ezintlanu) emva kokuzibandakanya komntu wkintshukumo yesondo engakhuselekanga, kungakuhle kakhulu ukuba inokuqala ukusetyenziswa kwiiyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini (kwiintsuku ezintathu) emva kwaloo ntshukumo ingakhuselekanga yesondo yaye isebenzisa...
Abantu basetyhini abangafuni kuqhubekeka nokukhulelwa kwabo banokukhetha ukukuphelisa oko kukhulelwa. Ukuqhomfa ungakhange uhlawule nesenti kuyafumaneka kwezinye iikliniki zoMbuso.
Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo. Ekliniki, ixhoba eli liya kuthi lihlatywe imibuzo ze linikwe neengcebiso ngumsebenzi wezempilo...
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza. Ukuba kuthe kwafumaniseka iqhuma, uya kuthunyelwa kuphando oluthe xhaxhe, oluya kuhlanganisa imammogram, ukususwa nokuxilongwa kweqhuma elo ukufumanisa ukuba alinabungozi na (alinamhlaza) okanye linobungozi (linomhlaza) na, ze ke umntu lowo aqeqeshelwe...
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonkomama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11517.6473.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezingaluncedo.
Ingcaciso ngeqela leendlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa inikwa abantu ukuze babe nokwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiingxaki abakhe banazo nokuxilongwa kwemizimba yabo. Ukuba kuthe kwabhaqwa isifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga, eso sifo siya kunyangwa ngamayeza afumaneka kwikliniki okanye umntu lowo angathunyelwa kwikliniki eyodwa ejongene naloo mcimbi, ngokuthi anikwe incwadi yembalelwano ukuba ayinikezele kweso sibhedlele athunyelwa kuso.
Yakuba ityunjiwe loo ndlela ithile yokuthintela ukukhulelwa, lowo ubandakanyekayo uya kusoloko ekhangelwa ukuba akabi nazingxaki ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamachiza awanikiweyo, ngokuthi yena aquqe kwikliniki yakhe.
Nayiphi na intombazana okanye umfazi angazigqibela ngokwakhe ngendlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa afuna ukuyisebenzisa. Akukho mfuneko yakufumana mvume yeqabane lakhe okanye yabazali bakhe. Uninzi lweekliniki lunenkonzo ejongene nolutsha ukuze abantu abatsha babe nokufumana ingcaciso ngocwangciso-ntsapho, oko kusenziwa kwindawo emeko imenza umntu azive ekhululekile.
Amachiza othintelo kukhulelwa asetyenziswa ngabasetyhini: Iipilisi zifumaneka kwzingxotyana ezinamashumi amabini anesibhozo eepilisi ekufuneka zithatyathwe kanye ngosuku ngexesha elifanayo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezi pilisi: Iipilisi zothintelo kukhulelwa ezibizwa ngokuba zii-Combined Oral Contraceptive (COC) kunye nezo kuthiwa zii-Progestogen-only Contraceptive (POP). Zifumaneka simahla kwiikliniki nasezibhedlele kwaye zingathengwa nakwiikhemisti ngaphandle kwencwadi kagqirha. Olu hlobo lwendlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa ayikuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ezifana nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo kwakunye nezinye.
Inaliti ethintela ukukhulelwa esetyenziswa ngabasetyhini: Kukho iintlobo ezimbini:I-Nur-Isterate, enikezelwa rhoqo ngeenyanga ezimbini (iiveki ezisibhozo) kunye ne-DMPA (Depo Provera okanye iPetogen) enikezelwa emva kweenyanga ezintathu (iiveki ezili-12). Olu hlobo lwendlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa ayikuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga.
Isixhobo Esifakwa Ngaphakathi Esibelekweni (iIUD) I-IUD sisixhobo esincinane esifakwa esizalweni sowasetyhini, nesifakwa ngumsebenzi wezempilo oqeqeshelwe loo msebenzi. Isixhobo i-IUD singakuthintela ukumitha kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ubuncinane. Olu hlobo lwendlela yokuthintela umitho ayikuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba owasetyhini okanye iqabane lakhe linamaqabane amaninzi elilalana nawo, i-IUD le mayingabiyo ndlela iphambili ikhethwayo ngaphandle kokuba kusetyenziswa neentsilathi, ukuzikhusela ekosulelekeni zezi zifo zingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo zifana nentsholongwane kaGwulayo/noGawulayo.
Abasetyhini kuye kufuneke ukuba baye ekliniki emva kweeveki ezintandathu i-IUD ifakiwe, ukuze ihlolwe. Iyacetyiswa neyokuba uhlolo luqhutywe qho ngonyaka. I-IUD ifumaneka kwiikliniki ezithile kuphela, kodwa ingathengwa nakwiikhemisti.
Ukuthintela Ukukhulelwa Ngokukhawulezileyo. Le ndlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini abafuna ukuthintela ukukhulelwa emva kokwabelana ngesondo bengazikhuselanga, emva kokudlwengulwa okanye ke mhlawumbi naxa benesikrokro sokuba indlela yokukhusela ukukhulelwa abayisebenzisileyo ayisebenzanga emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngesondo bengazikhuselanga . Iipilisi zothintelo kukhulelwa olungxamisekileyo zingasetyenziswa kwiiyure ezingama-72 (iintsuku ezintathu) emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kokuzikhusela ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo, kodwa zisebenza kakuhle nangakumbi xa zisetyenziswe kwangoko. Ezo pilisi zifumaneka simahla kwiikliniki nasezibhedlele kwaye zingathengwa nakwiikhemisti ngaphandle kwencwadi engumyalelo kagqirha.
I-IUD ingasetyenziswa kwiintsuku nje ezintlanu emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo. Ukuba seligqithile ixesha lokusebenzisa ezi ndlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, kwaye kukho isikrokro sokuba ukhulelwe, inkqubo yokukhupha isisu ingasetyenziswa njengento yokugqibela enokwenziwa . Inkqubo i-TOP isemthethweni eMzantsi Afrika.
Iintsilathi: Intsilathi ezisetyenziswa ngamadoda nabasetyhini zikuphela kwendlela ekhusela kwizinto ezimbini, ekukhulelweni okungafunekiyo nokosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo, kubandakanya nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu. Iintsilathi ezisetyenziswa ngamadoda zifumaneka simahla kwiikliniki nakumaziko oluntu athile. Iintsilathi zikwathengiswa ngexabiso eliphantsi kwiikhemisti nasezivenkileni. Iintsilathi ezisetyenziswa ngabasetyhini zifumaneka simahla kwiikliniki ezithile kwaye ziyathengiswa kwiikhemesti.
Uvalo-nzala: Le yindlela esigxina yokuthintela umitho kwaye ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini namadoda ngokunjalo. Nawuphi na umntu ominyaka ili-18 nangaphezulu nonelungelo lokwenza isigqibo unako ukuvalwa inzala ngokwesicelo sakhe. Kufuneka umntu lowo aqale acetyiswe ngaphambi kokuvalwa kwenzala. Le nto yenziwa ngotyando olungathabathi xesha lide nolulula kwaye loo nto ayiyichaphazeli imo yobomi bomntu lowo koko yenza ukuba uphelelwe lixhala lokukhulelwa okanye lokwenza umntu akhulelwe. Kungabhaliselwa ukuvala inzala kwikliniki esekuhlaleni. Lowo ufuna ukuvala inzala uya kunikwa amacebiso kwaye kuya kufuneka agcwalise ifom yokufaka isicelo. Utyando lwenziwa simahla kumaziko athile oluntu nakwizibhedlele kuwo wonke amanqanaba azo (elokuqala, elesibini nelesithathu). Ugqirha oqhuba utyando olo uya kukucela ukuba utyikitye iphetshana apho umnika imvume yokukutyanda.
Utyando oluqhutywa kwabasetyhini kuthiwa yi-tubal ligation. Imibhobho ekuhamba kuyo amaqanda aya esizalweni iyabotshwa okanye ivingcwe. Oko kunqanda ukuba amaqanda angachunyiswa yincindi yobudoda, ngaloo ndlela kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa.
Inkqubo yokutyandwa kwamadoda kuthiwa yi-vasectomy, nkqubo leyo idla ngokwenziwa ngeli xesha indoda ihleli, ngokuthi kusetyenziswe isibulali-ntlungu kufutshane nendawo leyo iza kutyandwa okanye kumzimba wonke. Kuye kwenziwe umngxunyana okanye imingxunyana emibini apha kufutshane nezingxotyana zangaphantsi. Umbobho othwala incindi yobudoda (ivas deferens) wesingxotyana ngasinye uya qhawulwa ze ubotshwe. Olu tyando alukhawulezi ukusebenza kwaye kuye kufuneke ukuba kusetyenziswe enye indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokutyandwa, okanye kumatyeli ali-15 ukuya kwangama-20 indoda ethi yabelane ngesondo ngawo. Kuye kufuneke ukuba kuqhutywe uvavanyo lwembewu yenzala ukuqinisekisa ukuba imbewu yenzala ayikho kwimibhobho.
Uvalo-nzala alukuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo.
Njengakuzo zonke iindlela zokuthintela umitho, akho amathuba angephi okungaphumeleli.
Inzala yabantu abagula ngengqondo ingavalwa ngokwemimiselo yoMthetho wovalo-nzala, wonyaka ka-1998. Umzali, umgcini, umlondolozi okanye iqabane lingafaka isicelo sokuvalwa kwenzala yomntu ongakwaziyo ukuzenzela izigqibo ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Isicelo eso kufuneka senziwe size sithunyelwe kwisibhedlele esiza kuqhuba loo mcimbi. Kuya kwenziwa idinga lokudibana negqiza leengcali ezintathu zonyango lwabagula ngengqondo, ngenjongo yokuba zivavanye lowo uza kuvalwa inzala nofanele ukuphelekwa ngulowo wenza isicelo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile, igqiza lilo eliza kugqiba ekubeni kuqhutyekekwe kusini na ngovalo-nzala olo.
Imanyano yabazali, i-Planned Parenthood Association (PPSA) Western Cape, umnxeba 021 448 7312 email ppgwc@ppgwc.co.
Le nkonzo ungayifumana kuninzi lweekliniki. Ukuba indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa oyifunayo ayikho, cela ukuba uthunyelwe kwiziko lezempilo elinakho ukwenza oko. Ukuba uya qala ukuya kwelo ziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo wandulwe ukuvulelwa uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi ekuthumela kwelo ziko (ukuba kukho imfuneko), nawo nawaphi na amayeza owasebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki/lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhaliswa kwelo ziko.
Akukho ntlawulo ifunekayo kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala naxa uthunyelwa kumaziko amanye amanqanaba angaphezulu. Abantu abatyandwayo bazifumana simahla iiNkonzo zeAmbulensi.
National Contraception Policy Guidelines (Umgaqo-nkqubo) (File type: pdf; size: 1.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11517.6515.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonk'omama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo lolunye uhlobo lomhlaza olunakho ukuthinteleka kakhulu. Bonke omama kufuneka bafumane ukuhlolwa kwesibeleko (a pap smear) kanye kwiminyaka elishumi ukususela kubudala beminyaka engama- 30. Oku kuthetha ukuthi mayela neminyaka engama- 30, 40 kunye nama- 50 obudala.
Inkqubo yokuvavanya ijolise ekufumaneni nasekunyangeni iimpawu ezisaqalayo zomhlaza kumlomo wesizalo, eqhelwe ukubizwa njengo omlomo wesizalo. Uvavanyo luqukanisa ukuhlolwa kwesibeleko (or cervical smear), neyeyona ndlela ilula nekhawulezayo yokuvavanya ilungu langaphantsi loomama ukukhangela ukuba umlomo wesizalo uphilile na. Ezinye iiseli zomzimba ziyakhukuliseka ngokuthambileyo zimke kumlomo wesizalo yaye zithathwe zisiwe kumagumbi ovavanyo ziyokuxilongwa.
Ukuqapheliseka kokuqala kweeseli ezingaqhelekanga kuthetha ukuthi uphando oluthe xhaxhe lunakho ukwenziwa yaye nonyango lunakho ukunikezelwa ukuba kuyafuneka, ukuze kunqandwe ukuhambela phambili komhlaza.
Ngamanye amaxesha, iziphumo azicaci yaye kufuneke ukuba kuphindwe kuqatywe isidudu. Abafazi abasele belwenzile uvavanyo kufuneka baphindele eklinikhi baye kukhangela iziphumo zabo zovavanyo.
Khumbula, umxhamli unalo ilungelo lokucela inkcazelo yenkqubo kwangaphambi kwexesha.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo unakho ukuthintelwa ngokucezela ekubeni ube namaqabane amaninzi, ukusebenzisa iidyasi ukuthintela ukunwenwa kwentsholongwane yoluntu ekuthiwa yi human papillomavirus (eyayanyaniswa nomhlaza womlomo wesizalo) ukumisa ukwabelana ngesondo ude ube mdala, kwakunye nokungatshayi mdiza.
Hamba uye kwiklinikhi yakho yezonyango yasekuhlaleni. U kuba iziphumo zokuhlolwa kwesibeleko aziqhelekanga, kuya kufuneka ubhukishwe yaye incwadi yokudluliselwa phambili ifumaneke ukuze kubekho olunye uvavanyo kwakunye nonyango kwelinye iziko lonyango okanye isibhedlele somgangatho wesibini nowesithathu. Umxhamli kuya kufuneka abuyiselwe kwakhona kwiklinikhi ukuze ahambele khona kwizihlandlo ezilandelayo. Ukuba ungumhambeli weli ziko lempilo okokuqala, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu oluneenkcukacha zakho luya kuvulwa. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi, incwadi yokudluliswa (ukuba kuyanyanzeleka), naluphi na uhlobo lwamayeza owasebenzisayo kwakunye nekhadi leklinikhi/isibhedlele, ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe khona.
Umntu obhinqileyo unakho ukufumana uvavanyo lwesibeleko olusimahla kude kube zizihlandlo ezithathu ebomini bakhe, kube kanye kwiminyaka elishumi eqale kwiminyaka engama-30 ubudala bakhe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11517.6524.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Impilo yokuzala iluxanduva ekwabelwana ngalo sisibibi esithandanayo. Ngoko ke, amadoda anendima ebalulekileyo ekufuneka eyidlalile yaye kufuneka enze okulindelekileyo ngoxanduva lwawo lokuthintela ukukhulelwa nokusebenzisa iintsilathi ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwa okungacwangciswanga kwanokusasazeka Kwezifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo, kuquka nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Amadoda namanina kufuneka ahlale phantsi namaqabane awo malunga neengcinga zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ze izibini ezo zincokole nangendlela eyamkeleke kubo bobabini yokwenza oko, nokuba ngubani na ekufuneka engoyena uyisebenzisayo le ndlela. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokwenza amadoda angaphindi afumane bantwana yinkqubo elula kakhulu ukuba angayenza amadoda.
Ngenxa yezi ngxelo zigcwele izwe lonke zamadodana athi asutywe kukufa ngenxa yokwaluswa ngendlela engakhuselekanga, la madodana kungoku nje angakhe ukugonywa simahla kwiiklinikhi zenqanaba lokuqala lonyango ukuqinisekisa ukuba basempilweni phambi kokuba baye kwiiindawo zesiko lokwaluka. Kanti la maziko ononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala akwanayo nenkqubo ekhuselekileyo nesempilweni yokwalusa. Le nkqubo ingenziwa kwiintsana ezingamakhwenkwana emva nje kokuzalwa kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo ohlukeneyo.
Kufuneka uye kwiklinikhi ekufutshane nawe yononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala. Abantu abawatyelela okokuqala la maziko/ezi zibhedlele zononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala kuya kufuneka bagcwalise iphetshana yokuba ngamalungu yaye baya kuvulelwa uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi nekhadi lakho laseklinikhi/lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhalisa kuloo kwelo ziko.
Inkonzo zeendawo zokuqala zogonyo lwempilo zisisimahla kubantu bonke abangekho ngaphantsi koncedo lukagqirha. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele, kungakho iindleko ezikhoyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11518.6529.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Okubalulekileyo: Akukwazi kumbona umntu ukuba unesifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngokumjonga nje; abantu abanezi zifo, kuquka nabo banentsholongwane kaGawulayo, amaxesha amaninzi abajongeki njengabantu abagulayo. Kungamthatha ukusukela kwiminyaka ukuya kwelishumi umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuba abonakalise iimpawu zoku.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezinye zezi zifo zosulelayo ezinje ngegcushuwa kunye namaqhakuva apha kusisi kwandisa amathuba omntu okuba afumane ugawulayo okanye okumsasazela kwabanye. Esi sisizathu esilungileyo sokuba abantu abanezi zifo bakhawuleze bafumane unyango ukuba kunokwenzeka, bavavanyelwe ugawulayo baze bacetyiswe. Oku kungenziwa kwiiklinikhi zogonyo zokuqala kwakunye nakumaziko.
iCandelo Lolawulo elijongene nezinto ezidibene nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo sele liqalise inkqubo esakhasayo yezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kunye noogqirha abambalwa apha kweli Phondo. Inkqubo yenza ingcebiso, ukuqonda isifo ngokuxilonga kwakunye nonyango lwezi zifo ziza ngokusuleleka ngokwabelana ngesondo ezikhoyo ngendlela engenye kwiindawo zonyango lwempilo zokuqala. Ugqirha uya kuxilonga aze anyange isifo sesifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ukuba kuyimfuneko. Umxhamli kuya kufuneka ahlawule intlawulo yokubonana nogqirha kodwa amayeza wona aya kunikezelwa simahla. Buzisa kwindawo yonyango lwempilo yokuqala esekuhlaleni kwakho. Apho unokuqhagamshelana khona nomnye woogqirha.
Zonke iiklinikhi zempilo zonyango zokuqala okanye amaziko zinakho ukuxilonga zinyange amaxhoba ezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, abantu basengafuna ukudluliselwa kwizibhedlele zomgangatho wesibini nowesithathu ukuze bafumane uvavanyo oluthe xhaxhe kwakunye nogonyo. Abantu abatyelela okokuqala eklinikhi, izibhedlele zomgangatho wesibini nowesithathu zingacela ukuba bazalise ifomu kwaye noxwebhu luya kuvulelwa umguli lowo. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi. Incwadi yokudluliselwa isengabizwa xa utyelela isibhedlele. Izibhedlele zingacela amaphepha akho omrholo wakutsha nje/uphononongo lomvuzo (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe esibhedlele.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11520.11520.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Inkqubo yokuthintela ukunwenwa kwesifo sephepha ijolise ekuchongeni abantu abangama- 80% abanesi sifo, ngeenzame zokusinyanga ngoko nangoko. Le Nkqubo ke ikwazama ukufumana eli chibi lingaka labantu abonokosulela abanye ngesi sifo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11520.6531.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkqubo yokuthintela ukunwenwa kwesifo sephepha ijolise ekuchongeni abantu abangama- 80% abanesi sifo, ngeenzame zokusinyanga ngoko nangoko. Le Nkqubo ke ikwazama ukufumana eli chibi lingaka labantu abonokosulela abanye ngesi sifo.
Yintoni Isifo Sephepha?
Isifo sephepha esi sisifo esosulela ngokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane, yaye siyingxaki enzima apha eMzantsi Afrika, ingakumbi apha eNtshona Koloni. Isifo sephepha siyosulela kakhulu kodwa ke siyanyangeka. Isinye kwishumi ngalinye labantu lithi lihlaselwe sesi sifo. Ukuba sithi singanyangwa, isigulana eso singosulela abanye abantu abangamashumi amabini nangaphezulu.
Isifo sephepha esi sinwenwa xa abantu abosulelekileyo bekhohlela ngemiphunga yabo amaqamza amancinci anesi sifo bawakhuphele emoyeni, abanye abantu bawasezele angene kubo ngaphakathi. Abantu abanesifo sephepha sezinye iindawo zomzimba abanakho ukusulela abanye. Ukhohlokhohlo olutsho ngamandla iiveki de zibe mbini nangaphezulu ngumqondiso ophambili womntu ohlaselwe sisifo sephepha, ngoko ke ukusuka kwangethuba komntu lowo ahambe aye eklinikhi aye kuxilongwa, kungenza kube lula kakhulu ukusinyanga esi sifo. Iimpawu ezibalaseleyo kakhulu zesi sifo kukukhohlela igazi, ukubila ebusuku, ukwehla kobunzima, kwakunye nokubamba-bamba umphefumlo.
Umntu uthi afumane ukugonyelwa esi sifo okokuqala apho ke athi acelwe ukuba anikezele intwana yesikhohlela kunye nesinye ngosuku olulandelayo. Ezi zikhohlela zimbini ke zithunyelwa kwigumbi lophando lwezonyango ze iziphumo zifumaneke kwiiyure nje ezingama-48 emva gonyo. Sinye kuphela isikhohlela ekufuneka sibonise ukuba umntu lowo unesi sifo.
Ukuba iziphumo zithi umntu lowo unesi sifo, kuya kuthi kunikezelwe iingcebiso, athuthuzelwe ze aboniswe nokuthi angaphila njani kakuhle naso na umntu lowo, aboniswe nangamathuba amahle okufakwa phantsi kwenkqubo yokuthintela ukunwenwa kwesifo sephepha. Ukuba zombini ezi zikhohlela zibonisa ukuba umntu lowo unesi sifo, kuya kuthi kuqaliswe ngonyango ngoko nangoko. Kusengenziwa ne-X-ray, kodwa ke iimvavanyo zesikhohlela zizo eziqondakalisa nezivumelana noxilongo. Ukuba inqanaba lesi sifo kumntu lowo lixhomis' amehlo, umntu lowo ke uya kuthi adluliselwe kwingcungela yeklinikhi esebenza ngesifo sephepha.
Isifo sephepha esi sinokunyangwa xa ugonyo olo lupheleleyo, nto leyo inokuthabatha ithuba eliziinyanga ezisukela kwisithandathu liye kuma kwisibhozo. Abantu abayiqukumbeliyo inkqubo yabo yonyango bazifumana sele bekwimo embi yokungamelani namachiza, nto leyo ke yenza ukuba kube nzima ukunyanga esi sifo. Abanye baba bantu banyangwa kwiiklinikhi zeengcungela zesifo sephepha ezinjengesibhedlele Sesifuba iBrooklyn. Isifo sephepha esi inakho ukusibulala isigulana sayo xa inganyangwa.
Inqanaba eliluqilima lixa kunikezelwa amachiza amane azipilisi iintsuku de zibe ntlanu ngeveki, iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.
Inqanaba lesibini lelo lokuqhubekeka, apho kuthi kunikezelwe amachiza amabini iintsuku de zibe ntlanu, iinyanga zibe ne okanye zibe ntlanu.
Izigulana eziqalayo ukuya esibhedlele ezinesisifo kufuneka zigonywe kangangeenyanga ezintandathu, ngeli lixa zona izigulana ezazikhe zanaso esi sifo ngaphambili kufuneka zisebenzise nje amayeza aso kangangeenyanga ezisibhozo. Ukuba loo mayeza anefuthe elibi kwizigulana, izigulana ezo kufuneka zibuyele eklinikhi. Kuya kuthi kwakhona kwenziwe uvavanyo lwezikhohlela emva kweenyanga ezimbini umntu esbenzisa amachiza onyango ukukhangela inkqubela yolu nyango, ze nasemva kweenyanga ezintlanu okanye ezisixhenxe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso sinyangekile na.
Abantwana abanesifo sephepha banikwa uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwamayeza yaye banyangwa kangangeenyanga ezine kuphela. Ukuzama ukuthintela isifo sephepha, iintsana kufuneka zigonywe ngotofo lweBCG, efumaneka simahla kuzo zonke iiklinikhi zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala. Isifo sephepha sokudumba kwenwebu yobuchopho kukugula okuqatha kakhulu ebantwaneni yaye kungabulala. Ukuba kuyakrokreleka (iimpawu zihlanganisa ukuqina kwentamo) umntwana kufuneka abalekiselwe eklinikhi ngokukhawuleza.
iSebe Lezempilo sele liyamkele indlela yoMbutho Wehlabathi Yezempilo ekuthiwa yiDOTS (izifundo ezifutshane zokuqatshelisiswa ngqo konyango) indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba izigulana zincamathela nyani na kunyango. iDOTS le ke yaphunyezwa kuninzi lweeklinikhi eziseNtshona Koloni. Isolotya elibalulekileyo lobu buchule yinkxaso kwakunye nenkuthazo enikezelwa kwezo zigulana ngalo lonke elo xesha leenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo zonyango, apho abaguli baqondisiswa ngqo ukuba bayawathatha na amayeza abo eklinikhi.
Ngokwakumgangatho wasekuhlaleni, iDOTS le isetyenziswa ngamaqela angekho phantsi kolawulo lukaRhulumente besebenzisa abo basebenzi bazinikezela simahla "njengabaxhasi bonyango". La maqela angekho phantsi kolawulo lukaRhulumente asebenza ngesifo sephepha atsala amalungu amatsha, aqeqeshe ze ongamele uluntu lwasekuhlaleni olusebenza ngokuzinikela ngaphandle kwentlawulo asebenze njengabaxhasi bogonyo lwezigulana zesifo sephepha. Aba baxhasi bathumela izigulana zesifo sephepha eklinikhi xa kuyimfuneko. iCape Peninsula University of Technology inikezela ngoqeqesho kubantu abafuna ukuba ngabaxhasi bonyango lwesifo sephepha. Xa ufuna ulwazi oluthe vetshe ngale nkqubo, tsalela kule nombolo: 021 460 3197.
iSebe Lezempilo likwinkqubo yokuqulunqa isicwangciso-qhinga sokulwa isifo sephepha ndawonye nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Okwakaloku nje kusekho inkonzo yokuya kuzivavanya komntu nokufumana iingcebiso zokumelana neziphumo zolu vavanyo kubantu abaphila nesifo sephepha ngeenjongo zokunciphisa iimeko zokugula nezokusutywa kukufa ngokukhawuleza kwabantu abahlaselwe sesi sifo. IiCotrimoxazole prophylaxis (ezingamachiza okunyanga isifo sokukrala kwemiphunga) ziyanikezelwa kubantu abahlaselwe sisifo sephepha nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaxesha-nye.
Kufuneka uye kwiklinikhi yonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala ekwindawo ohlala kuyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11523.11523.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Xa uthenga umhlaba, kufuneka ufumane ubungqina boko ngokuthi loo mhlaba ubhaliswe egameni lakho. Eli lungelo lobunini ke libubungqina bokuba ngokwenene unguye umnini walo mhlaba. Uya kudinga uncedo lwegqwetha kwimicimbi yempahla nemihlaba ukuze likuncedise kwinkqubo yokudluliselwa kwalo mhlaba egameni lakho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11524.10640.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkxaso-mali zokuthenga nokwakha izindlu zivuleleke kumashishini akushishino lophuhliso lomhlaba ukuwakhuthaza angene kumaphulo aqinisekisiweyo kwanokuze athengise imihlaba yokwakha iindawo zokuhlala ezenzelwe abo bantu bamelanayo neemfuno zokuzifumana. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke ngoko zenzelwe ukuba kuzuze abo bantu bamele ukuzifumana kuphela.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo?
Iinkxaso-mali ezayanyaniswe namaphulo ziya kuvuleleka kumashishini angena kumaphulo aqinisekisiweyo nasemthethweni. La mashishini ke amaxesha amaninzi aba ngoomaspala.
Amaphulo ezindlu kufuneka asekuelwe kwizigqibo eziquka bonke abantu (iimbumba zountu) phakathi kwaloo maqumrhu achaphazeleka ngqo kwimicimbi yelo phulo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uluntu oluza kuzuza kula maphulo kwakunye nabakhi kufuneka bavumelane ngohlobo lwezo zindlu kwakunye nendlela eziya kwakhiwa ngayo.
Iinkcukacha ngokuba ngoobani na abanelungelo lokufumana ezi nkxaso-mali kwakunye neenkqubo yezicelo ziqulethwe kulo Mgaqo Wezindlu Wesizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11525.17385.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho emva nje kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu kwenzikile oko.
Xa ubhalisa umntwana, uya kufumana isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa esishwankathelweyo simahla.
Ukuba utshatile, umntwana uya kubhaliswa ngegama likayise. Kodwa ke, ukuba akutshatanga, umntwana angabhaliswa ngegama likayise okanye likanina.
Qwalasela: Akuyomfuneko ukubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, ukuba umntwana uzelwe engasaphili.
Ukuze ubhalise umntwana wakho, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa komntwana elingu-BI-24 ze ulingenise kweyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe. Eli phetshana liqulethe inkcazo ngomntwana lowo (isini, njalo-njalo) kwakunye negama nefani yomntwana. Abazali kufuneka beze neencwadana zabo zezazisi ndawonye nesiqinisekiso sasesibhedlele okanye ikhadi laseklinikhi lomntwana.
Ukuba akukhange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuqala ezelwe umntwana, kodwa umntwana usengaphantsi konyaka ubudala, kufuneka ugcwalise ipetshana lokubhaliswa komntwana u-BI-24, ze ucacise futhi ukuba kutheni ungazange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku nje ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe umntwana lowo.
Ukuba umntwana ungaphezulu konyaka kodwa usengaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakhe u-BI-24/1 ze ulingenise ndawonye nezizathu ezibhaliweyo ezichaza ukuba kutheni engazange abhaliswe kwiintsuku zokuqala ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe nje.
Iintetho neziqinisekiso ezifungelweyo zabazali okanye ke, kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, ezisuka kwisizalwane esisondeleyo ngokuzalana nomntwana lo, sizalwane eso simshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubuncinci umntwana lowo, esiya kuqinisekisa iinkcukacha nobume bakhe.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa apho umntwana wazalelwa khona, esityikitywe ngumntu ophetheyo futhi esiqulethe istampu seziko elo.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zomntwana njengoko zikho kwiincwadi zesikolo sakhe.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa komntwana.
Ikhadi lomntwana laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela umntwana aqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba ungaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala futhi awuzange ubhaliswe emva kokuzalwa, isicelo sokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakho kufuneka sikhaphe isicelo sakho seNcwadana Yesazisi. Kufuneka ungenise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-24/15 ndawonye no-BI-9 (oliphetshana lokufaka isicelo sencwadana yesazisi).
Iziqinisekiso neentetho ezifungelweyo ezisuka kubazali, ze kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, isizalwane esisondeleyo nesimshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubudala umntwana lowo ubuncinci, kufuneka ziqinisekise iinkcukacha nobume bomntwana.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa owazalelwa kulo, esityikitywe ngumntu ophethe apho nesiqulethe istampu esisesikweni selo ziko.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zakho njengoko zibonakala kwiimpepha zesikolo sakho sokuqala. Isiqinisekiso esi kufuneka sibonakale kwiphepha elinophawu olusesikweni lwesikolo esi, sityikitywe yinqununu yesikolo, futhi siqulathe istampu esisesikweni sesi sikolo.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa kwakho.
Ikhadi lakho laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela oqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uzelelwe ngaphandle kwemida yoMzantsi Afrika kodwa omnye wabazali abe engummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungatyelela iziko loonozaku-zaku okanye labathunywa boMzantsi Afrika elikwelo lizwe ukuze ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana lowo.
nephetshana u-BI-529 Elinemibuzo Ngobuzwe Nobumi bakho isiqinisekiso esiqinisekisiweyo sokuzalelwa komntwana wakho kwelo lizwe nesiqulethe iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo zabazali bakhe kwimeko apho umntwana angaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka nangaphezulu ubudala, iphetshana lesicelo sokubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, kudingeka ugcwalise u-BI-9, oliphetshana lesicelo sencwadana yesazisi.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, tyelela iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya okanye uqhagamshelane neyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe.
Akukho ntlawulo idingekayo xa ubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11530.11530.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Isebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ineengcingo zomnxeba ukunceda abantu abafuna ezinye iinkcukacha ngokufudukela kweli okanye okanye abanemibuzo ngoMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezisuka kwiSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, ungaqhagamshelana noCingo lweSebe olungu: 0800 60 11 90.
Incwadi Yesazisi yincwadi yaseburhulumenteni esetyenziselwa ukuzazisa. Ilizwe ngalinye kufuneka likwazi ukubazi abemi balo. Amaziko abucala nakawonke-wonke nawo afuna ubungqina bokuba ungulo mntu uthi unguye(umzekelo, ukwenzela ukubhankisha nokuvota).
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika banamalungelo athile abathi abo bangengobemi beli bangabi nawo. Umzekelo, ilungelo:lokuvota, lokunikwa incwadana yokundwendwela, lokubuyela eMzantsi Afrika emva kokuhlala kwenye indawo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11531.17710.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Phambi kokuba ungene eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yexeshana. Kwizibuko lokungena, incwadana leyo iya kuthathwa ze wena unikwe iphepha-mvume lokuhlala kweli ixeshana elixela ukuba unokuhlala ixesha elingakanani yaye ngasiphi na isizathu. Kufuneka ufake izicelo ezixela izizathu zondwendwe lwakho, phambi kokuba uze kweli lizwe.
imvume yeendwendwe - yeyabantu abandwendwela uMzantsi Afrika imvume yezozakuzo - eyenzelwe oonozakuzaku imvume yokufunda- yenzelwe abantu abafuna ukufunda eMzantsi Afrika imvume yothetha-thethwano - iimvume zokuhlala okwethutyana ezenzelwe abantu ekufuneka bekweli ngenxa yesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe imvume yoshishino - eyenzelwe abantu abafuna ukurhweba okanye bathenge ishishini eMzantsi Afrika imvume yabasebenzi benqanawa - eyenzelwe abasebenzi beenqanawa imvume yokufumana unyango - imvume yeenyanga ezintathu yabantu abafuna unyango eMzantsi Afrika imvume yezizalwane - eyenzelwe abantu abanezizalwane eziseMzantsi Afrika imvume yomntu osethathe umhla-phantsi - eyenzelwe abantu abanengeniso eqingqiweyo yomhlala-phantsi kwilizwe labo lokuzalwa imvume yotshintsho - eyenzelwe abantu abathatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zotshintshiselwano ngenkcubeko, ezoqoqosho kwakunye nezoluntu jikelele.
Awuvumelekanga ukuba ufunde ngemvume yokuphangela, okanye uphangele ngeyokufunda.
Awunakungena kweli lizwe de ufumane imvume encanyathiselwe kwincwadana yakho yokundwendwela, ngaphandle kokuba sele unayo imvume futhi ufuna ukuyitshintshela kwenye.
Izicelo zeemvume zilawulwa nguMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Isebe eli liyazivumela izicelo zeemvume zokuphangela ezixhonywe ekubeni ukho na okanye hayi ummi weli onokufakwa kweso sithuba somsebenzi sikhoyo. Ukuba ukho, ambalwa amathuba okuba isicelo eso siphumelele.
Isebe eli sele lizivumela izicelo zeemvume zokuphangela kwabasebenzi abangundoqo (umzekelo igosa lolawulo eliyintloko) yeenkampani zamanye amazwe ezirhweba eMzantsi Afrika.
Umthetho Wokufudukela Kweli wazise ngendlela yeemvume zokusebenza ngezabelo.
Sifakwa njani isicelo semvume yokusebenza?
Sifakwa njani isicelo semvume yokufunda?
Kufuneka ufake iphetshana lesicelo uBI-159 kummeli wozakuzo womzantsi Afrika kwilizwe osoloko uhlala kulo okanye ilizwe onencwadana yalo yokundwendwela.
Ungasifaka isicelo nakwigqwetha okanye umthunywa waseMzantsi Afrika onamandla okukusebenzela njengegqwetha.
sisibonelelo esiluqilima somsebenzi incwadi esuka kulowo uza kukuqesha exela usuku esi sithuba esivele ngalo, sasasazwa njani yaye kutheni kunyanzeleke ukuba kude kuqeshwe umntu ongengommi woMzantsi Afrika.
Intlawulo yesicelo semvume yokuphangela ngasinye imalunga ne-US$186 yaye njengesiqhelo ithatha iiveki ezisibhozo ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini. Izicelo zabasebenzi abangundoqo zona zithatha malunga neeveki ezimbini.
Xa isicelo sakho sele sigqityiwe, impendulo ithunyelwa ngefeksi kubameli boMzantsi Afrika kwilizwe ofake isicelo ukulo.
Kufuneka kuqala ufake isicelo sokwamkelwa njengomfundi kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo ofuna ukufunda kulo. Xa ufumana incwadi ethi usathathiwe, ungafaka isicelo semvume yokufunda.
Kufuneka uye kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika ufake isicelo sale mvume. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-B1-159.
YIncwadi engqina ukuba usathathiwe njengomfundi esuka kwiziko lemfundo ofuna ukufunda kulo.
Ziinkcukacha ngamalungiselelo endawo oza kuhlala kuyo.
Bubungqina bokuba ungazihlawula iindleko zemfundo nokuhlala kwakho ze nawe ube nako ukuzixhasa.
Isifungo esibhaliweyo sokuba uya kubuyela kwilizwe ohlala kulo okanye lakokwenu xa uzigqibile izifundo zakho.
Ingxelo kagqirha wakho eqinisekisa ukuba usempilweni.
Ukuba isicelo sakho siyaphumelela, uya kunikwa isiqinisekiso sokundwendwela amaxesha amaninzi.
Sinokuthatha ukuya kwiiveki ezisibhozo ukuba siphunyezwe. Awunakho ukungena eMzantsi Afrika de ube uyinikiwe le mvume.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11532.17757.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala kunye namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala abanakutshata ngaphandle kwemvume yabucala yaye nabani na ongaphantsi kwama-21eminyaka ubudala unokufumana imvume yabazali bakhe phambi kokuba abe uyatshata.
Umtshato owenziwe ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo unokwenziwa ungasebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokuthathwa njengongazange ubekho yiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
Abazali okanye umntu ojonge omnye wabatshatayo unokufaka isicelo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo esithi umtshato lo mawuthathwe njengongekhoyo.
Kwiiveki ezintandathu zokuqala evile ngobukho balo mtshato.
Umntwana naye unokufaka isicelo kule nkundla esithi umtshato mawuthathwe njengongasebenziyo nanini na phambi kokuba abe unama-21 eminyaka ubudala, okanye kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala emva kokuba ebe nama-21 eminyaka ubudala.
Kwimeko apho bobabini abazali besaphila yaye akukho unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, bobabini abazali kufuneka bawuvumele lo mtshato, ngokubhala phantsi, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umntwana lo ngozalwe ngaphandle komtshato, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi esuka kunina kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba omnye wabazali unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi yaloo mzali kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umntwana uphantsi kwenkathalo yomzali onikwe igunya lokumgcina nokumkhulisa ngumthetho, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi yaloo mzali kuphela efunekayo(ku-BI-32).
Ukuba umzali omvume ifuneka ngokwasemthethweni akafumaneki ukuza kunika imvume leyo, okanye umthetho awumboni enakho ukukwenza oko, ungafaka isicelo kumkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana ukuba awuvumele lo mtshato.
Xa abazali bomntwana no-/okanye umkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana bayala ukunikezela ngemvume, umntwana lowo unokufaka isicelo kwiJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo ukuba inikezele ngemvume. Ijaji le ayinakho ukunikezela ngemvume ngaphandle kokuba kukho ubungqina obaneleyo bokuba umtshato lo ujongene neemfuno zomntwana futhi akanikwanga mvume kungekho zizathu zibambekayo.
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 leminyaka ubudala bafumana imvume yabazali babo ebhalwe phantsi ukuze batshate, ngendlela enye nabanye abantwana abangeqondweni lakutshata. Kusafuneka futhi befumene imvume yoMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya.
Usenokusifaka isicelo kuMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ukuba athathe umtshato osele wenzekile njengokhoyo nosebenzayo. Unako futhi nokufaka isicelo kuMphatthiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11533.17467.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba inkundla iyalele umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana, kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungahlawuli.
Uye kwi-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukhalaze. Kubalulekile ukuba wenze isikhalazo esisesikweni ngalo lonke ixesha uyise womntwana engahlawuli.
I-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana iyazigcina iinkcukacha zazo zonke iintlawulo azenzayo uyise womntwana. Ezi nkcukacha ziya kubonisa xa engahlawuli nokuba usemva ngamalini na.
Ukuba uyise womntwana uyaphangela ze angaphumeleli ukwenza intlawulo yesondlo somntwana, unina womntwana kufuneka acele inkundla yenze umyalelo wokufumana le ntlawulo isuka ngqo kumqeshi kayise womntwana.
Ukuba uyise womntwana nangoku akahlawuli, akawuthobeli umyalelo wenkundla. Oku kululwaphulo-mthetho. Inkundla iya kuthumela uyise isaziso esimcela ukuba eze enkundleni ngosuku oluthile. Kuya kufuneka ke achaze ukuba kutheni engakwazanga kuhlawula. Ukuba akanasizathu sibambekayo, inkundla ke ngokwesiqhelo iya kumxelela ukuba makahlawule yonke imali asemva ngayo, okanye uya kuthunyelwa ejele.
Kukho abantu ababizwa ngokuba ngabaphandi benkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abaya kunceda igosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukuba lifumane uyise womntwana ukuba uthe waduka.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana negosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana kwiNkundla kaMantyi ekufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11536.17419.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa usweleka, izinto zakho zabelwa usapho lwakho okanye abantu ofuna bafumane ilifa lakho.
Ilifa lakho liquka impahla yakho nezinye izibango, nayo nayiphi na imali okanye impahla oyityalayo.
Umntu ofumana impahla yakho uxhomekeke ekubeni unaso na isivumelwano esiphilayo esimnika ilifa okanye hayi. Ukuba unaso isivumelwano esiphilayo esinikezela ngelifa, impahla yakho iya kwabiwa ngokwentando yakho. Ukuba usweleke ungasenzanga esi sivumelwano selifa (kuthiwe ke u-intestate) impahla yakho iya kwabiwa usapho lwakho olusondele kuwe oku kusenziwa ngokuthobela imithetho elawula ukwabiwa kwempahla yabantu abangenzanga zivumelwano zakunikezela ngelifa.
Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwe-16, ungasenza isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa ngokuxela umntu ofuna iye kuye impahla wakusweleka. Ukuze sisebenze isivumelwano sakho sokunikezela ngelifa kufuneka senziwe ngendlela eyiyo yaye kufuneka ube uphile qete ngokwasengqondweni xa usenza esi sivumelwano. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ube uyazazi iziphumo zokwenza isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa, ube ukwimeko yengqondo ekulungeleyo oko futhi uyikhumbule yonke into onayo.
Isivumelwano esi sibhalwe phantsi.
Uwaqale ngokwakho onke amaphepha futhi watyikitya kwiphepha lokugqibela, phambi kwamangqina.
Amangqina awaqalile onke amaphepha ze asityikitya isivumelwano eso.
Umgwebi lo ngumntu oza kuqinisekisa ukuba impahla yakho yabiwa ngokwentando yakho, njengokuba sisitsho isivumelwano esinikezela ngelifa. Ukuba awumkhethi umgwebi, inkundla iza kuqesha mntu wumbi, ngokwesiqhelo lo mgwebi iba ngomnye wamalungu osapho lwakho. Umgwebi lo ukwahlawula namatyala akho ashiyekileyo.
Ungalifumana igqwetha elinokukunceda wakhe isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa okanye ungafumana iphetshana lokwenza isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa kwivenkile yeencwadi.
Ukuba awunaso isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa esisebenzayo xa usweleka, impahla yakho yahlula-hlulwa ngokwemiqathango ebekiweyo kulo mthetho.
Impahla yomntu otshatileyo yabiwa ngokulingana ngumlingane kunye nabantwana.
Ukuba azikho izizalwane ngokwegazi oko kuthetha ukuba impahla inikezelwa kurhulumente.
Imithetho eyahlukeneyo isetyenziswa phantsi komthetho wamasiko kodwa kuphela xa oku kukhokelela kwimeko emngcatsha ngokupheleleyo umfazi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11538.5107.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo Lezithuthi zikaRhulumente lijongene nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zikarhulumente ezingamawaka amane anekhulu elinamashumi amathandathu ananye eNtshona Koloni. Inombolo yomnxeba esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku yokunikezela ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezithuthi zikarhulumente sele ivuliwe yaye ukungasetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente kungaxelwa kuyo ukunceda ukunqanda ubuqhetseba, urhwaphilizo nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezibonelelo zikarhulumente.
Ungatsalela kule nombolo isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku: 021 467 4797 ze uxele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11575.17467.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba inkundla iyalele umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana, kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungahlawuli.
Uye kwi-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukhalaze. Kubalulekile ukuba wenze isikhalazo esisesikweni ngalo lonke ixesha uyise womntwana engahlawuli.
I-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana iyazigcina iinkcukacha zazo zonke iintlawulo azenzayo uyise womntwana. Ezi nkcukacha ziya kubonisa xa engahlawuli nokuba usemva ngamalini na.
Ukuba uyise womntwana uyaphangela ze angaphumeleli ukwenza intlawulo yesondlo somntwana, unina womntwana kufuneka acele inkundla yenze umyalelo wokufumana le ntlawulo isuka ngqo kumqeshi kayise womntwana.
Ukuba uyise womntwana nangoku akahlawuli, akawuthobeli umyalelo wenkundla. Oku kululwaphulo-mthetho. Inkundla iya kuthumela uyise isaziso esimcela ukuba eze enkundleni ngosuku oluthile. Kuya kufuneka ke achaze ukuba kutheni engakwazanga kuhlawula. Ukuba akanasizathu sibambekayo, inkundla ke ngokwesiqhelo iya kumxelela ukuba makahlawule yonke imali asemva ngayo, okanye uya kuthunyelwa ejele.
Kukho abantu ababizwa ngokuba ngabaphandi benkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abaya kunceda igosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukuba lifumane uyise womntwana ukuba uthe waduka.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana negosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana kwiNkundla kaMantyi ekufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11587.11587.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
INkqubo yeDesika yoNcedo kwezoKhenketho iqaliselwe ukunikezela uncedo kubarhwebi kwezokhenketho. IDesika yoNcedo nganye kwezoKhenketho iphawula ngokudlamkileyo amathuba kunye nabarhwebi ekuqaliseni ukukhula kwezoKhenketho kwii-SMME ingakumbi kwimimandla esemaphandleni.
INkqubo Yokushishina ngezoKhenketho (TEP) linyathelo lokuqala leNgxowa-mali yezoShishino. Le nkqubo izalisekiswa ziinkampani nabantu abaqeshelwe oko leli phondo.
Ungasenza isicelo seemphawu zezokhenketho ukuba zimiselwe kufutshane nesibonelelo sakho sokhenketho. Iindidi ezintathu zesi sibonelelo zingasetyenziswa: Isibonelelo sokhenketho esiqulethe umtsalane kubakhenkethi, iinkonzo zokhenketho, indawo yokuhlala kunye neziganeko ezizodwa.
ISebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noKhenketho kwiNkqubo yeShishini lezoKhenketho (TEP) lithabatha inxaxheba kwisiseko soluhlu oluneenkcukacha zoshishino lwabamnyama ngokusebenzisana noKhenketho eMzantsi Afrika. Olu luhlu luneenkcukacha luya kuqinisekisa ukuba la mashishini kuyashishinwa ngawo, ukuba afumana amanyathelo afanelekileyo kulwakhiwo lwezikhundla kwakunye nokuba afumana amathuba afanelekileyo kurhulumente.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11588.11112.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMlawuli oyiNtloko: uPhuhliso lwezoKhenketho lunohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwarhoqo ngonyaka ekuxhaseni ngemali iiprojekthi ezinceda ekukhuliseni ishishini lezokhenketho. Oku kukhula kungabonwa ngeendlela ezininzi ezohlukeneyo, umzekelo, ngokudaleka kwamathuba emisebenzi, uqeqesho okanye uphuhliso lwezibonelelo zomsebenzi. Imfanelo yokufumana inkxaso-mali incinci phantsi koluhlu lwezinto ezikhoyo, ezinjengeenkampani okanye ii-NGO zeCandelo 21, neziqwalasele iingingqi nezisekelwe kwimimandla yoluntu.
Ukuba unqwenela ukufumana ilungelo kule nkxaso-mali, kufuneka ufezekise inani le migaqo emisiweyo. Umzekelo, inkampani yakho kufuneka iqhubekeke kwaye kuya kufuneka ukuba igqithise ingxelo yonyaka.
uncwadi olunxulumene nophuhliso lwamashishini asakhulayo.
Inkxaso-mali ayifumaneki ekuhlawuleni iibhonasi okanye imivuzo, incedisa ekuqwalaseleni amaxabiso awenziwe yinto ekhoyo okanye inani lezinye izinto ezingezinye.
INcwadi yoMgaqo-nkqubo weNkxaso-mali inikeza lonke ulwazi olunxulumene nale ngxowa-mali ukuquka iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo zenkqubo yokwenziwa kwezicelo.
Izicelo kufuneka zenziwe kumaphetshana ezicelo achaziweyo nafumaneka kwiSebe (inombolo yomnxeba: 021 483 4165). Iikopi zala maphetshana nazo zikwafumaneka njengenxenye yeNcwadi yoMgaqo-nkqubo weNkxaso-mali.
Izicelo kunyaka ngamnye zivalwa ngomhla wama-31 kweyeKhala, uvavanyo lwenziwa ngenyanga yeThupha neyoMsintsi ze iminikelo yaziswe kweyeDwarha kwakulo nyaka mnye.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11598.11598.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Ukuba ukhubazekile, ungasifaka isicelo secwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo kumaspala wakho. Eli cwecwe ke likuvumela ukuba upake kwiindawo zokupaka ezibekelwe bucala abaqhubi abakhubazekileyo yaye liyakukhupha wena kwimiqathango ethile yokupaka ngamaxesha athile.
Kufumeneka iphepha-mvume lesithuthi esithwala imithwalo enobungozi nezinye izithuthi. Imfuneko yamaphepha-mvume ixhomekeke kubukhulu nakubunjani bomthwalo lowo okanye isithuthi eso.
Umthetho umisela ukuba kufuneka imana ukuhlaziywa qho ngonyaka iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi sakho. Ngumsebenzi wakho wena njengomnini-sithuthi, kukuqinisekisa ukuba liyahlaziywa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe. Ukuba ngaba alihlaziywanga kuya kufuneka wohlwayiwe.
Bonke abaqhubi boMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba izithuthi akhangeleka njengecredit card. Eli phepha-mvume linikezelwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umqhubi ephumelele izifundo zokuqhuba.
Abanini-zimoto bangafaka isicelo xa befuna amaphepha-mvume eenombolo-mbhalo abazithandayo.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezimalunga nobhaliso lwezithuthi kufuneka udibane neziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi. Iingcombolo zesithuthi azinakukhutshwa kodwa zonke ezinye iinkcuckacha zingaqinisekiswa.
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kufuneka ube iphepha-mvume lokufunda ukuqhuba. Ulifumana eli phepha-mvume xa ufundela ukuqhuba isithuthuthu esibukhulu bungaphezulu kwe-125 CCs, inqwelo-mafutha, iminibus, isithuthi esincinci esithutha iimpahla, okanye isithuthi esikhulu xa ungaphezulu kwe-17 leminyaka ubudala.
Uluntu lungafaka izicelo zokusebenzisa indlela zikawonkewonke ekwenzeni imicimbi yalo ofana nemidlalo.
Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Abavelisi/abayili, abakhi nabo bazisa izithuthi kweli lizwe bangaziqhuba iimoto ezingabhaliswanga beziqhuba ngenombolo yokuthengisa izithuthi.
Ukuqhuba iindidi ezithile zezithuthi kufuneka umntu abe nephepha-mvume elisemthethweni Lokuqhuba Ngobuchule ngaphezu kwaleyo anayo yokuqhuba.
Uluntu lungazifaka izicelo zokwenza imibniso-bhanyabhanya ezindleleni zikawonkewonke. Ukuvunywa kwesicelo kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye kwephondo na. Ungadibana neKomishini iCape Film okanye ii-ofisi zeZibonelelo zeNdlela zePhondo ukuze kubonwe ukuba ngaba indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye phantsi kwephondo kusini na.
Bonke abantu abafundisa ukuqhuba kufuneka babhalise. Ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokufundisa ukuqhuba, kufuneka kuthi kwakuphandwa kufunyaniswe ukuba awuzange wabandakanyeka kulwaphulo-mthetho, ufumane nencwadi kagqirha ngobume bempilo yakho, ze uluphumelele novavanyo lomntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise isithuthi ebesikhe safakelwa izinto, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso se-Weighbridge.
Ukuba ngaba inombolo yenjini yakho okanye yomzimba wesithuthi itshintshiwe, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso esinika ubungqina bokuba akukho khwiniba ngaphambi kokuba usibhalise isithuthi sakho.
Sonke isithuthi ezenziwe apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye eso senziwe kwelinye ilzwe ze sathunyelwa kweli kufuneka sibhaliswe ngaphambi kokuba sithunyelwe kwindawo yentengiso okanye sithengiswe.
Nokomethetho oyiNational Road Traffic Act, nawuphi na umntu ovelisa okanye othengisa iipleyiti zeenombolo-mbhalo zezithuthi kufuneka abe ubhalisiwe.
Zonke izikhululo zokuhlola izithuthi kufuneka zibhaliswe zibekwe ngokomgangatho ngaphambi kokuba zifumane iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo zokuba zikulungele ukuba sendleleni.
Bonke abanini-zithuthi kufuneka babhalise izithuthi zabo njengoko kumiselweyo ngokusemthethweni. Ukubhaliswa kwesithuthi kuye kugcinwe kwi-National Traffic Information System (NaTIS).
Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuvula iziko eliza kujongana nokuhlola abantu abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, kufuneka ubhalise kuMphathiswa weZothutho.
Isiqinisekiso sokulungela indlela kwesithuthi singafumaneka kuso nasiphi na isikhululo sokuvavanywa kwezithuthi sabucala okanye saseburhulumenteni.
Abahloli beelayisenisi, abavavanyi bezithuthi, abahloli bamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, amagosa endlela nabaphathi kufuneka babhaliswe.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11598.15212.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuqhuba iindidi ezithile zezithuthi kufuneka umntu abe nephepha-mvume elisemthethweni Lokuqhuba Ngobuchule ngaphezu kwaleyo anayo yokuqhuba.
isithuthi esithwala abantu abali-12 okanye ngaphezulu kuqukwa nomqhubi.
Akukho phepha-mvume lakuqhuba ngobuchule lifunekayo ekuqhubeni isithuthi sokungcwaba okanye iteletele.
alizange khe larhoxiswa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba.
Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule lingarhoxiswa okanye licinywe xa uthe wafunyaniswa ukuba awukulungelanga ukuqhuba ngokwezonyango okanye xa uthe wafunyaniswa uqhuba kakubi okanye uqhuba ngokungakhathali, okanye ukuba wakha wafunyaniswa unetyala lobundlobongela.
Umqhubi okanye umnini-sithuthi elithe lafuneka iphepha-mvume lakhe lokuqhuba akavumelekanga ukuba alinike omnye umntu alisebenzise endleleni kawonkewonke, ngaphandle kokuba loo mntu naye unalo elakhe elikwanjalo futhi kwinqanaba elifanayo.
Usenza kwiziko elisebenza ngamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba isicelo sokufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule.
uze nalo naliphi na elinye iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule okanye lokuqhuba isithuthi sikawonkewonke osele unalo.
Sakuba sesenziwe isicelo, kuya kunyatheliswa iminwe kwanephepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba elilikhadi elibonakalisa iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule.
Uya kwaziswa lakuba ikhadi lakho sele lilungile uye kuliphuthuma. Kufuneka ube besazisi xa uye kuthatha ikhadi lakho. Naliphi na ikhadi elingaphuthunywanga kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-120 liya kutshatyalaliswa.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11598.16638.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza Ngabantu afumaneka kwiBhodi yamaphepha-mvume Okuthutha Uluntu. Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ekufuneka lihambe neenkcukacha zakho okanye zenkampani uhlobo lwenkonzo yothutho loluntu iinkcukacha zendlela oza kuhamba ngayo iinkcukacha zesithuthi sakho.
Kufuneka utyikitye nesigqibo esifungelweyo esichaza ukuba awuzange wakha wachaphazeleka kwizenzo zobundlobongela okanye kumatyala amakhulu okanye wakha wabanjelwa ukubandakanyeka ekuphatheni izixhobo ezingekho mthethweni. Kukho intlawulo yezolawulo engama-R25 ekufuneka ihlawulwe.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza asebenza iminyaka emihlanu owona mlinganiselo mkhulu.
Ukuze ukulungele ukufumanaiphepha-mvume lokusebenza ngokuthutha uluntu, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba kufuneka ube lilungu elipheleleyo lombutho woonoteksi obhalisiweyo. Umbutho woonoteksi ubhaliswa kuMphathi Wemiba Yeeteksi yePhondo.
Wakuba ulifumeneiphepha-mvume lokusebenza, kufuneka uliphathe uliveze xa igosa lendlela lifina ukuba wenjenjalo, kwaye kufuneka uncamathisele uphawu olwahlukileyo kwelomnye umbutho kwisithuthi sakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.11598.93389.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ukhubazekile, ungasifaka isicelo secwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo kumaspala wakho. Eli cwecwe ke likuvumela ukuba upake kwiindawo zokupaka ezibekelwe bucala abaqhubi abakhubazekileyo yaye liyakukhupha wena kwimiqathango ethile yokupaka ngamaxesha athile.
ukuhamba kwakho kusakhubazeke okwexeshana kodwa kuphazamiseke kakhulu.
Abanye oorhulumente bamakhaya badinga ukuba ugqirha agcwalise icandelo ellithile leli phetshana lesicelo, ngoko ke eli phetshana kufuneka liye kulandwa kwangexesha. Nceda uqhagamshelane nesebe lezendlela elikufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane ingqiniseko yokuba uyayidinga na incwadi esuka kugqirha kusini na.
Ukuba uthi ufumane icwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo, kufuneka uliveze ngokucacileyo kwifestile yangaphambili yesithuthi sakho.
Nceda uqonde ukuba eli cwecwe lokupaka labahubi abakhubazekileyo linikezelwa ngye nawuphi na urhulumente wekhaya linganganakanwa ngoko nangoko ngomnye urhulumente wekhaya.
Intlawulo efunekayo ukuze umntu abe nokulifumana eli cwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo ayilingani futhi ixhomekeka kuloo maspala.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.14709.21837.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke izigqibo ngomgaqo-nkqubo kwiSixeko saseKapa ziyafumaneka kuqhagamshelwano ngekhompyutha.
Ungafuna isigqibo esithile usebenzisa igama elisisihloko kwisibonelelo sokufuna okanye ungakhangela uluhlu lwemigaqo-nkqubo kwiindidi zemigaqo-nkqubo.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.16031.16031.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Ukuba ayikonwabisi inkonzo okanye imveliso, unalo ilungelo lokukhalaza. Unakho ukufaka izikhalazo zakho njengoMthengi kwiMisebenzi Yabathengi kwakunye noRhwebo olunoBulungisa.
IiNkonzo Zabathengi neNtengiso Enobulungisa inikezela ngolwazi eLuntwini ngamalungelo njengabaThengi okanye abaSebenzisi beZinto.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.17200.9671.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-LRAD ijolise kubantu abaMnyama, kwaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo, ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, kwaye akukho mfuneko yookuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncediso-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ngubani ofanele kulufumana olu ncediso-mali?
Ukunika abantu ababefudula besingelwe phantsi amathuba angcono okufumana imihlaba yolimo.
Ukuncedisa abantu abahlala kwimimandla yasemaphandleni ngeendlela zokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba okhoyo usetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo.
The IPhulo le-LRAD liphulwana lenkqubo yokwabiwa ngokutsha komhlaba liSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba. Lijoliswe ngokukodwa ekunikezeleni ngomhlaba kumafama amnyama ngenjongo yokulimela ukuziphilisa okanye intengiso yaye liqhutywa ngentsebenziswano liSebe lezeMihlaba nelezoLimo.
I-LRAD izama ukuphelisa ukungcola okwenziwa kumakhosikazi okwakufudula kusenzeka phaya phambili, ngokuphathelele ke kumathuba okufikelela nawokufumana umhlaba ongowawo. Amakhosikazi ke ngoko ayakwazi ngoku ukuba afake izicelo zoncedo-mali lwawo ngokwawo nje umntu eyedwa, engafuni njengengxenye yosapho.
I-LRAD ijoliswe kuBantu abaMnyama, yaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente likhutshwa simahla yaye akukho mfuneka yakuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo bafake izandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane, galelo elo liya kuthi lincedise kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncedo-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ukuze umfaki-sicelo abufumane ubuncinane boncedo-mali olungama-R20,000, kufuneka naye afake isandla ngemali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane; kanti ke xa umntu enokwenza igalelo lama-R400,000 angalufumana luphelele lonke uncediso-mali olufika kuma-R100,000 apho luphela khona.
Olu ncedo-mali lungasetyenziselwa ukuthenga umhlaba, ukuthenga izibonelelo zokuncedisa kumalinge olimo, ekwenzeni amagalelo exeshana elifutshane kwezolimo, nasekuphuculeni imeko yomhlaba wolimo, xa ngaba lowo ufaka isicelo ngumntu osele enawo umhlaba wolimo. Kanti ke umntu unakho nokuba angafaka isicelo soncediso-mali, ukuba ngaba unomhlaba awuqeshileyo kungoku nje, khona ukuze awuthenge ekuhambeni kwethuba ube ngowakhe.
ISebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba liza kuqinisekisa ukuba abafak-izicelo abafuna uncedo bayalunikwa uncedo lokuba badityaniswe nabagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi abaya kuthi ke babanike uncedo ekucwangciseni nasekuqhubeni iiprojekthi ezi. ISebe eli liya kubahlawula ngokwalo abo bagunyaziswa bangabacwangcisi xa ngaba bathe bakhethwa ngale ndlela. Loo nto ke ayisayi kuluchaphazela nganto uncediso-mali abanokuthi balufumane.
Abafaki-zocelo abanakho ukuba bangazifunela abagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi, bakwazi nokubahlawula ngokwabo, bangakwenza oko bengadanga baba baqala ngokudlana iindlebe neSebe eli. Loo nto kunjalo nje ingathatyathwa njengokuba ligalelo athe umntu walenza.
Ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphezu kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala abasuka kwiindawo ebezifudula zisingelwe phantsi ngokwamalungelo abaya kuqwalaselwa kolu ncedo-mali. Nakubeni kunokuba ngcono kakhulu xa abafaki-zicelo bengabantu abanamava kwezolimo, loo nto asingomqathango ubekwa njengemfuneko. Abantu abakhe balufumana uncedo-mali (lwe-R16,000) kwiSebe eli nabo bangazifaka izicelo kwakhona, kodwa izicelo eziya kuqala ziqwalaselwe zezo zabo bantu baqalayo ukufaka izicelo. Loo mali anokuyinikwa umntu njengoncediso-mali iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni oluya wayelufumene kuqala uncedo-mali lona lwalungakanani na.
Olu xwebhu luqulunqwe ngeenjongo zokunceda abafundi ngenkcazelo emalunga nephulo le-LRAD, nkcazelo leyo efana neenjongo zalo, nezona ndawo ziziziganga eziphambili apha kulo. Kananjalo luya kubanceda abafundi ekuziboneni ukuba ngaba bangakwazi na ukuthatha inxaxheba kweli phulo, nokuba bangenza njani na xa befaka izicelo zoncedo-mali olufumaneka ngokusebenzisa eli phulo.
Kananjalo olu xwebhu luya kubanika izikhokelo abafundi kule nkqubo okanye kulo mjikelo weeprojekthi ekuceetyiswa ukuba ulandelwe kuzo zonke iiprojekthi ze-LRAD, yaye luya kungenisa nesinye isigama esisetyenziswayo, namagama nezilungiselelo zakwaRhulumente eziyingxenye yeli phulo le-LRAD.
Uxwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo we-LRAD luyafumaneka ngesiNgesi nangesiBhulu.
Xa ufuna ukwenza isicelo soncediso-mali, kufuneka ukuba uye kucela ifomu yokwenza isicelo kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezoLimo okanye kweyeleMicimbi yoMhlaba ekufutshane kuwe. Emva kokuba amagosa eSebe lezoLimo eye ayivavanyisisa le ngcinga ifomu yobhaliso iya kuthunyelwa kwi-ofisi yeSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba yesithili apho ke umcwangcisi aya kuthi ayiqwalasele iprojekthi leyo. Amagosa eSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba nawelezoLimo aya kuthi alungiselele iindibano zengcaciso nabo bbonke abo bachaphazelekayo ngenxaxheba yabo, ze ke athi apho kukho imfuneko yoko anyule nomgunyaziswa ongumcwangcisi oya kuthi ancedise ngocwangciso lweprojekthi leyo.
IBhanki yezeMihlaba iya kuba yiyo elawula uncedo-mali lwe-LRAD ukuba ngaba abafaki-zicelo bafaka izicelo zemali-mboleko yeBhanki yezeMihlaba okanye banqwenela ukuthenga umhlaba ongoweBhanki yezeMihlaba. Abo bahambe kakuhle kwizicelo zabo banokuthi ke uncediso-mali lwe-LRAD balufumane ngqo ngeBhanki yeziMihlaba. Kwiimeko ezinjalo ke, le fomu yesicelo izaliswe yagqitywa kufuneka ukuba ifakwe kwiBhanki yeziMihlaba ekufutshane okanye kwisetyana layo elikufutshane.
Izicwangciso zoshishino ezigqityiweyo ziya kuthi ziphicothwe phaya ezithilini, nto leyo ke ethi ilishunqule kakhulu ixesha ekufuneka lithatyathwe ekuqhutyweni kweeprojekthi leyo. Kuthi ke nje ukuba kubonwe ukuba iprojekthi leyo noko ingamkelwa njengeprojekthi enokwenzeka, uMlawuli wePhondo weMicimbi yoMhlaba akhuphe ugunyaziso lokuba uncediso-mali olo maluhlawulwe.
Ifomu yesicelo nobhaliso loncedo-mali lwe-LRAD ingafumaneka phaya kuvimba weenkcukhacha zekhompyutha ngesiNgesi nangesiBhulu.
Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, yaye akukho mfuneko yokuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi okanye zezolimo. Imali eninzi esuka kumfaki-sicelo lwenza ukuba noncedo-mali olo lube luninzi. Ukufumana esona sixa sincinci soncedo-mali esiyi-R20,000, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka ancedise ngamaR5,000, ngelixa igalelo eliyi-R400,000 lifuneka ukuze umfaki-sicelo afumane esona sixa sikhulu soncedo-mali esiyi-R100,000.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.7299.63910.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho intlaninge yamaziko kwilizwe lonke nakumaphondo, maziko lawo ajongana nobuqhetseba norhwaphilizo kurhulumente.
UMgaqo-siseko wadala iOfisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu njenge-ofisi ezimeleyo ukuze ijongane ze iphande izikhalazo eziza noluntu ngamaziko okanye amagosa karhulumente. UMkhuseli Woluntu unamandla okuza neziphakamiso zentshukumo enokulungisa kwanokunikezela ngeengxelo. UMkhuseli Woluntu uhlala kwesi sikhundla ixesha eliyiminyaka esixhenxe phambi kokuba uMongameli aphinde aqashe uMkhuseli Woluntu omtsha.
Iinkonzo zoMkhuseli Woluntu zifumaneka simahla kwaye zivuleleke kumntu wonke. Xa ufaka isikhalazo kwi-Ofisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu, abasebenzi bayo baza kuphanda loo mba yaye ukuba eso sikhalazo siqinisekisiwe, baya kuzama ukuyilungisa loo meko. UMkhuseli Woluntu ujongana nezikhalazo ngendlela eyimfihlelo.
amabhunga angumvuka wemithetho karhulumente ethile, Yoluntu amabhunga abekwe yimithetho ethile, efana neBhunga Eliphanda Ngenzululwazi Yoluntu (iHSRC ngamafuphi) okanye iBhunga Elenza Uphando Ngenzululwazi Noshishino (iCSIR ngamafuphi).
ukuzifumana ukwindawo ekuncedayo ngokungalunganga.
oogqirha namagqwetha abucala.
Ubhalele Umkhuseli Woluntu.
Ubume besikhalazo sakho.
Imbangi nemvelaphi yesikhalazo eso.
Izizathu ezibangela ukuba uzive ufuna ukuba isikhalazo sakho siphandwe nguMkhuseli Woluntu.
Amanyathelo osele uwathabathile ukuzama ukusombulula loo ngxaki ngokwakho (ukuba ebekho). Kufuneka ukhankanye amagama amagosa obusoloko usebenza nawo kule nyewe, iintsuku, nokuba kwaphela kusithiwani na. Iikopi zayo nayiphi na imbalelwano phakathi kwakho naloo magosa kufuneka zincanyathiselwe kule ncwadi yembalelwano.
Inombolo yomnxeba apho unokufumaneka khona, ukuba ikho onayo.
Kumaxesha athile uMkhuseli Woluntu unokufuna uthethe phantsi kwesifungo phambi kokuba aqalise ngophando lwakhe.
Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ingxaki yakho ngumba uMkhuseli Woluntu anokuyiphanda na, okanye ukuba awukwazi ukubhala, ungatsalela umnxeba iofisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu. Apho kukho abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abaza kuphulaphula isikhalazo sakho, sisincinci sisikhulu, ze benze uphando.
Usenakho nokundwendwela le Ofisi ukuze nibe nodliwano-ndlebe okanye indibano, ukuba ungathanda. Kungcono ubhale kuqala ze ucele udliwano-ndlebe kuloo ncwadi yembalelwano.
Naluphi na urhwaphilizo kuRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni lungaxelwa kwiCandelo iForensic Audit elikwiSebe leNkulumbuso. Olu rhwaphilizo luquka amaxesha obuqhophololo, ubuqhetseba, ubusela nokusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwempahla karhulumente.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuba imiba ingaphandwa kakuhle, ulwazi oluneenkcukacha ezipheleleyo ngolo rhwaphilizo uluxelayo luyafuneka.
Lukumila kunjani (umzekelo: ubusela, ubuqhophololo, ubuqhetseba)?
Lwenzeka njani, phi?
Ingaba le yingxaki eqhubekekayo futhi kusisithuba esingakanani iqhubekeka?
Unabo nabuphi na ubungqina ngolu rhwaphilizo Umzekelo, xa unikezela ingxelo ngobusela, ingaba uyayazi impahla ebiweyo ukuba ifihlwe phi?
Ingaba ukho omnye umntu owaziyo ngolu rhwaphilizo futhi angafuna na ukunikezela ubungqina kumagosa enza uphando?
Ungakwazi ukwenza ingqikelelo yelahleko ngokwezimali ngolo rhwaphilizo?
Ngoobani amagama amagosa karhulumente arhanelekayo, asebenza kweliphi iSebe yaye aphethe ziphi izikhundla apho?
Ngoobani amagama amanye amagosa achaphazelekayo?
Ingaba la magosa arhanelelekayo akhe abandakanyeka kwezinye izenzo zorhwaphilizo ngaphambili?
Wawukhe wayixela le nto ngaphambili Ukuba kunjalo, kubani yaye kwathatyathwa manyathelo mani?
Wawukho ngexesha lokwenzeka kolu rhwaphilizo, okanye ukuba akunjalo, wafumanisa njani ngalo?
Ingaba ukulungele na ukuhlanganisa ingxelo efungelweyo ze unikezele nobungqina?
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Directories.services.7302.7302.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Amabakala athile kwiSebe Lezobugcisa Nobuxhaka-xhaka Bobugcisa abonelela ngoncedo lwezimali kwiinguqulelo nakuphando.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. DriverBrochureXhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iinjongo zale nkqubo ye-IRT kukunyusa inani labantu abasebenzisa izithuthi zikawonkewonke, nokuphucula izinga lonikezelo zinkonzo kubakhweli. Ngalo ndlela kuya kuvela amathuba amaninzi emisebenzi ozokuba zizigxina kule nkqubo intsha, xa kuthelekiswa neli xesha sikulo. Imisebenzi yabaqhubi, nonogada, abazakugcina izakhiwo zikwimeko elungileyo, imisebenzi ye-ofisi, nokucoca, nokugcina izitiya kumaziko.
Le nkqubo yothutho oludibeneyo ekhawulezayo (IRT) yinxalenye yenkqubo ezininzi zotshintsho/ zenguqu oluzayo kwezothutho kwiKapa ngokubanzi nakweminye imimandla yeli lizwe. ISixeko saseKapa siqhuba uthetha-thethwano nabaphathi beekhumbi eziziteksi kunye nabanini beebhasi ezihamba ngamathuba amiselweyo, malunga nendlela yokuyila inkqubo eyakuqinisekisa okokuba ukuxhalaba kwabo kuyahlangatyezwa ngendlela eyiyo.
Izithuthi ziya kuba zezalamaxesha , izithuthi ezitsha ezibude buyi-18 yeemitha, 12 yeemitha kwakunye ne-8 yeemitha. Abaqhubi abakhoyo ngoku baya kuqeqeshwa khonukuze bakwazi ukuqhuba ezi zithuthi.
Abaqhubi beeteksi badlala indima ebalulekileyo kushishino lweekhumbi eziziteksi, ngeli lixa besebenza iiyuri ezinde. Inkqubo entsha ehlanganisiweyo yothutho olukhawulezayo (IRT), eza kumiselwa apha eKapa, iza kuba nezinto ezininzi ezilulutho kubaqhubi nabanye abasebenzi. Abaphathi bale nkqubo intsha ye-IRT baya kunikeza abaqhubi kunye nabanye abasebenzi imigaqo nemeko zokusebenza ezifanelekileyo.
Uzinzo lwemivuzo, emiselwe ngokwezivumelwano ezithatyathwe emva kwengxoxo, kwibhunga elixoxa ngemivuzo namalungelo, luya kwenza okokuba abasebenzi bakwazi ukongamela imiba ejongene neemali zabo.
Abaqhubi kwakunye nabanye abasebenzi baza kusebenza amaxesha amiselweyo aziyure ezimbalwa. Ukuba abaqhubi bathe basebenza ngaphezulu kwe yure ezimiselweyo zeveki, baya kuhlawulwa ngezoyure badlulisileyo ngazo.
Le nkqubo intsha iya kubandakanya amalungelo okubonelelwa kwezempilo kubo bonke abasebenzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.EVENTSBY.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukulungiselela ulawulo lweziganeko kummandla wolawulo lweSixeko saseKapa; ukulungiselela ukunyanzeliswa kwalo Mthetho kaMasipala; nokulungiselela imiba eya kuthi ivele kuzo.
"Isixeko" sithetha iSixeko saseKapa esisekwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 12 loMthetho wooRhulumente beMimandla: UMthetho weZiseko zooMasipala, 1998 (uMthetho Nomb. 117 we- 1998), ngeSaziso sePhondo Nomb.
"Umlawuli weSixeko" uthetha umntu obekwe njengoMlawuli weSixeko ngokwecandelo loMthetho wooRhulumente beMimandla: UMthetho weZiseko zooMasipala, 1998 uMthetho Nomb.
"lo Mthetho kaMasipala" uquka iShedyuli ehamba nawo.
Lo Mthetho kamasipala usebenza nakuwuphi na umsitho obanjelwe kummandla wolawulo weSixeko, kuquka imisitho ebanjelwe kokubini kwimihlaba yabucala nakwiindawo zikawonkewonke, ukuba umsitho obanjelwe kumhlaba wabucala, ngokwawo nawuphi na umthetho osebenzayo, unefuthe kwizibonelelo zeSixeko noluntu oluwungqongileyo.
lo Mthetho kamasipala awusebenzi kwimisitho yabantu abangaphantsi kwama- 50 apho kungekho mculo okanye sandi siphezulu okanye kungasetyenziswa ziseko zathutyana.
ngokungaphandle kwecandelwana (2), iSixeko singathatha isigqibo sokuba ngaba ifuthe okanye umngcipheko waloo msitho ungafuna ukuba kufakwe isicelo na ngokwecandelo 3.
Xa kuthe kwabakho ukungquzulana phakathi kwalo Mthetho kaMasipala nawo nawuphi na omnye umthetho kamasipala okanye umgaqo-nkqubo weSixeko, loMthetho kaMasipala uya kusetyenziswa kulawulo lokubanjwa kweziganeko.
njengoko kuchazwe kwiSihlomelo 1, kwi-ofisi yeemvume zemisitho.
isicelo kufuneka siquke zonke iinkcukacha ezifunekayo njengoko ziboniswe kwifomu efanelekileyo nazo naziphi na ezinye iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe njengoko zinokufunwa siSixeko saseKapa.
xa zithe azafakwa iinkcukacha ezichazwe kwicandelwana (2) isicelo asiyi kuqwalaselwa ngokwalo Mthetho kamasipala noMgaqo-nkqubo weZiganeko.
Isicelo somsitho kufuneka sithobele imiqathango yalo Mthetho kamasipala, sibe neenkcukacha ezichazwe kwifomu yezicelo efanelekileyo njengoko kuchazwe kwiSihlomelo 2 yaye kufuneka siquke iinkcukacha ezinokuthi zifunwe siSixeko saseKapa.
Igosa leeMvume zeMisitho kufuneka, ngokoMgaqo-nkqubo weziganeko, kuxhomekeke ukuba luhlobo luni na lomsitho olo, liqinisekise ukuba kukho unxibelelwano nabanini-zabelo abachaphazelekayo.
Ikhansile kufuneka, njengenxalenye yohlahlo-mali lwayo ngokooMthetho wooRhulumente beMimandla: Umthetho woLawulo lweZimali zooMasipala, 2003 (uMthetho Nomb. 56 wama- 2003), ibeke imirhumo ehlawulelwa imisitho.
Ikhansile ingafuna intlawulo yaphambi kwexesha kuMququzeleli womsitho phambi kokuba samkelwe isicelo somsitho lowo.
Igosa leeMvume zeMisitho kufuneka, ngokoMgaqo-nkqubo weziganeko lamkele okanye likhabe isicelo somsitho ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokwalo Mthetho kamasipala.
kwakube kuthathwe isigqibo ngokwecandelwana (1), kufuneka kuchazelwe umququzeleli womsitho ngaso ngokukhawuleza kangangoko.
xa sithe sakhatywa isicelo somsitho, kufuneka kunikwe izizathu ezibhaliweyo zoko kumenzi-sicelo.
mbuyekezo kutyalo-mali kuloo msitho.
noluhlu lweenkonzo ekuza kubonelelwa ngazo kwimisitho siSixeko.
Isixeko sienokungena kwizivumelwano nobuhlakani nabaququzeleli bemisitho njengoko kunokubakho imfuneko ekusingathweni nasekulawulweni komsitho ngokwalo Mthetho kamasipala.
Isixeko sisenokubonelela ngenkxaso ngamalungiselelo, izimali okanye kokubini kwimisitho ethile ehambelana nezicwangciso zeSixeko.
izivumelwano nobuhlakani obuchazwe kwicandelwana (1) no (2) kufuneka zibonelele ngamanqanaba eenkonzo ekufuneka kufikelelwe kuwo ngamaqela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyathotyelwa.
Noxa kukho imiqathango yalo Mthetho kamasipala malunga nezikreqo nemidliwo, isivumelwano ekungenwe kuso ngokweli candelo sisenokubeka imidliwo eya kuba luxanduva lomququzeleli womsitho xa kuthe kwabakho ukungathotyelwa kwaso.
Amaqela abandakanyeka kwimbambano ebangwe lungquzulwano kulo Mthetho kamasipala kufuneka azame ukusombulula loo mbambano phambi kokuba asebenzise ilungelo lokubhena elichazwe kwicandelwana (2).
umququzeleli womsitho angabhena kwisigqibo apho isicelo sakhe sokusingatha umsitho siye sakhatywa.
kungafakwa isibheno esibhaliweyo kuMlawuli weSixeko kwisithuba sexesha elichazwe kwiSihlomelo malunga nohlobo lomsitho lowo uchaphazelekayo.
Umlawuli weSixeko angagunyazisa naliphi na igosa leSixeko ukuba liqwalasele yaye lithathe isigqibo ngezibheno ezichazwe kwicandelwana (2).
Isibheno esifakwe ngokwesi candelo kufuneka siqwalaselwe kuthathwe isigqibo ngaso ngokwexesha elibekwe kwiSihlomelo malunga nohlobo lomsitho lowo uchaphazelekayo.
ukungathobeli nawuphi na umqathango walo Mthetho kamasipala lulwaphulo-mthetho.
umntu owaphula umthetho ngokwalo Mthetho kaMasipala uya kudliwa akufunyaniswa enetyala okanye abe seluvalelweni okanye kokubini umdliwo nokuvalelwa.
Lo Mthetho kamasipala ubizwa ngokuba nguMthetho kaMasipala: weSixeko saseKapa.
Qaphela ukuba kuwo nawuphi na umsitho onabantu abangaphantsi kwama- 50, imiqathango yeCandelo 2 (2) nelesi-(3) iyasebenza.
Qaphela ukuba umsitho omncinci obandakanya abathengisi bokutya, kuya kufuneka ubuncinane iintsuku ezili-15 ukuba abathengisi bokutya kufuneka befake izicelo zeelayisenisi okanye iziqinisekiso zoLwamkelo.
Kufuneka kugqitywe inkqubo echazwe kwiCandelo 8(1) phambi kokuba kufakwe nasiphi na isibheno ngumenzi-sicelo.
Inkqubo yesibheno ayisebenzi kwiiLayisenisi zotywala zona zilawulwa ziiNkonzo zaMapolisa oMzantsi Afrika (SAPS).
a. Inkcazo yoMsitho kuquka uhlobo, umhla, indawo, indawo nabathathi -nxaxheba.
b. Inkqubo yoMsitho: iinkcukacha ezizeleyo namaxesha, kunye neenkcukacha zonxibelelwano zomntu ojongene nomba ngamnye womsitho.
c. Ubume bomsitho: kuquka amaqonga, iintente, ukutya, Iziko loLawulo lweNdawo njl.njl.
d. Isicelo nokwamkelwa koTyeshelo-migaqo kuSetyenziso-Mhlaba, xa kukho imfuneko.
e. Isicwangciso solawulo lweZithuthi (TMP), esinokuquka ukuvalwa okucetywayo kweendlela, isicwangciso sendlela, indawo yokumisa, ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kothutho lukawonkewonke, iindlela zokuphuma ngokungxama. Ubume be-TMP buya kuba njengoko buchazwe siSixeko.
f. Isicwangciso soLawulo lweZihlwele.
g. Izicwangciso zeNtlekele namalungiselelo: kuquka ezonyango, ukhuselo, intlekele, iindawo, ukuphuma.
i. isicwangciso seNtatho-nxaxheba yoLuntu: kuquka, kodwa kungaphelelanga kuqhagamshelwano nooCeba; Uluntu/ Imibutho yaBahlali neyoShishino.
j. Isicwangciso soLawulo loKusingqongileyo.
k. Isicwangciso esiHlangeneyo soLawulo loKungcola.
l. Abathengisi / Abokutya: uludwe lweenkcukacha nokusetyenziswa kwerhasi Iimfuno zeSixeko saseKapa zoMthetho kaMasipala waBathengisi baseziTalatweni noweMpilo yeSixeko nezinye iimfuno zeminye imithetho efanayo.
m. Iimfuno zezempilo kuquka: Iziqinisekiso zoLwamkeleko, iilayisenisi zokuthengisa, izindlu zangasese kunye/okanye izindlu zangasese eziqeshwayo.
n iifomu ezizalisiweyo zezicelo: zokuNgxola (kuquka intatho-nxheba yoluntu); nokumiswa kwamaqonga/Iintente. Ubungqina bokufakwa kweeLayisenisi zoTywala, Iilayisenisi zemililo; Izicelo zoPhapho ngokweenkcukacha zohlobo lomsitho.
o. Iimfuno zeeNkonzo zeSixeko saseKapa: kuquka Umbane, Amanzi, Isicwangciso soLawulo loKungcola (ngethuba lomsitho nasemva kwawo), uthutho, iindlela nemibhobho yamanzi.
p. Iifomu zokuthwala uxanduva lomonakalo nencwadi yobungqina boXanduva loMonakalo.
q. Imvume ebhaliweyo evela kuMnini ndawo/Umlawuli wendawo eya kumenzi- sicelo negunyazisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ukusingatha umsitho lowo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Employmentinthepublicservice.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Izithuba zemisebenzi kumasebe elizwe nawamaphondo zigcwaliswa ngokuphakula kubasebenzi asele beqeshiwe kula masebe okanye ngokumema izicelo kwabo bangaqeshwanga kwiNkonzo yoLuntu. Izithuba eziphezulu kwimaneyijimenti ephezulu, oko kukuthi kwinkonzo yemaneyijimenti ephezulu , kufuneka zikhutshwe kwizibhengezo zokwazisa elizweni zilungiselele ukufumana abenzi-zicelo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweNkonzo yoLuntu.
INcwadi yokuPapasha iZithuba zeNkonzo yoLuntu , yazisa abasebenzi boluntu ngezithuba ezingaphakathi kwiNkonzo yoLuntu. Abantu abangengobasebenzi benkonzo yoLuntu, kodwa benomdla kwizithuba ezibhengeziweyo , kufanele baqale baqonde kwisebe elikhuphe ezo zibhengezo zokwazisa ukuba bangazenza na izicelo.
Amanye amasebe, afana nesebe loMkhosi woKhuselo, angakucela ungenele uxilongo lonyango phambi kokuba aqwalasele isicelo sakho.
Inkqubo yokumema izicelo nokuqasha yahluka ngokwamasebe, kwaye ingagqitywa kwelona thuba lifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
<fn>GOV-ZA. EssentialServices.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Xa kuthethwa ngenkonzo eyimfuneko engundoqo kubhekiswa kwinkonzo, eyakuthi, xangaba iphazamisekile, yenze ingozi okanye idale umonakalo kubomi okanye kwimpilo yabantu.
ingaba umqeshwa okanye umqashi ubandakanyeka kwinkonzo echongwe nejngenkonzo eyimfuneko engundoqo na okanye hayi.
Iqela elithumela le mbambano kwikomiti yeenkonzo eziyimfuneko engundoqo kufuneka libonise ubungqina kwikomiti bokuba ikopi yesicelo sokuthumela imbambano ithunyelwe kuwo onke amanye amaqela abandakanyeka kwimbambano. Ikomiti yeenkonzo eziyimfuneko engundoqo kufuneka yenze isigqibo ngale mbambano kwamsinyane kangangoko inako.
Iinkonzo zePalamente, iNkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika kunye nenkonzo yezeMpilo, ziinkonzo eziyimfuneko engundoqo.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
Thumela ikopi yale fom kwelinye iqela elibandakanyeka kwimbambano.
Ikopi yesiliphu esingqinayo sefeksi okanye nabuphina obunye ubungqina obanelisayo benkonzo.
Iyakuxhomekeka kumaqela abhengeza iinkonzo njengeenkonzo eziyimfuneko engundoqo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. EssentialServicesCommittee.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umqeshi angenza isicelo ngencwadi ebhaliweyo kwikomiti yeenkonzo eziyimfuneko engundoqo sokuba iqulunqe ukuba ingaba ishishini lomqeshi lilonke, okanye inxenye yalo, liyinkonzo yokuxhasa nokugcina indawo ethile yokusebenza, ifektri, okanye oomatshini, ingatshabalali na.
Inkonzo iyinkonzo yokuxhasa nokulondoloza ukubangaba ukuphazamiseka kwaloo nkonzo kungadala ukutshabalala okunembonakalo nokubambekayo kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokusebenza, ifektri okanye oomatshini.
Nabaphi na abanye ababandakanyeki abanomnqweno, bangathumela impendulo kwiNkonzo eyiMfuneko eNgundoqo, kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama- 21 befumene esi sicelo.
Makufakwe ikopi yesiliphu serejista esiphuma ePosini.
Ingxelo esayiniweyo engqina ukuhanjiswa kwekopi ngulo mntu uhambise ifom kufuneka ihambe nesicelo.
Makufakwe ikopi yesiliphu esingqinayo sefeksi okanye nabuphi na obunye ubungqina obanelisayo.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo; kuxhomekeka kumbandakanyeki owenza isicelo seenkonzo eziyimfuneko engundoqo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Exchangeofforeignlicence.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iilayisensi zabaqhubi ezikhutshwe kwamanye amazwe kwaye ezamkelweyo eMzantsi Afrika ziya kuguqulelwa kwiilayisensi zabaqhubi eziluhlobo lwekhadi lekhredithi xa abantu abanezi layisensi befuneka befumene iilayisensi zaseMzantsi Afrika ngokoMthetho weLizwe weZithuthi zeNdlela.
Isicelo sokutshintshela imvumelo yomqhubi yamazwe ngamazwe kufanele sikhatshwe yilayisensi yomqhubi esegunyeni, eyakhutshelwa yona le mvumelo.
Ilayisensi yomqhubi yelizwe langaphandle okanye iMvumelo yoMqhubi yaMazwe ngaMazwe ingatshintshelwa kwilayisensi yaseMzantsi Afrika kuphela akube umenzi-sicelo engummi waseMzantsi Afrika, okanye akube efumene imvume yokuhlala isigxina kweli lizwe.
Ilayisensi yomqhubi yelizwe langaphandle kufuneka ibe isemthethweni ngomhla wokutshintshela kwaye kufuneka ibekwelinye leelwimi ezigunyazisiweyo zaseMzantsi Afrika. Ukuba akunjalo, isicelo masikhatshwe yinguqulelo ekhutshwe ngugunyaziwe onelungelo noxanduva lokwenza njalo.
Xa umntu onelayisensi yokuqhuba yelizwe langaphandle ephinda eqalisa ukubangumhlali osisigxina, okanye efumana imvume yokuhlala isigxina eMzantsi Afrika, ilayisensi yelizwe langaphandle iya kuphelelwa ukuba semthethweni kunyaka omnye ukusukela kumhla loo mntu athabathe ngawo okanye aphinde waqalisa ngawo ukuhlala isigxina.
khupha incwadi eyamkelekileyo yokuzazisa njengoko kumiselwe ngumthetho waseMzantsi Afrika , i-ID yexeshana, ipaspoti esemthethweni yaseMzantsi Afrika, okanye ipaspoti yelizwe langaphandle ehamba nemvumelo yokuhlala isigxina.
hambisa incwadi ephuma kugunyaziwe onelungelo noxanduva lokukhupha loo ncwadi, engqina ukuba semthethweni kwelayisensi yakho yokuqhuba yelizwe langaphandle, futhi echaza udidi lwelayisensi hambisa ilayisensi yakho yokuqhuba yelizwe langaphandle hambisa iifoto ezine ze-ID, zombala omnyama nomhlophe.
Hlawula imali ebandakanyekayo njengoko imiselwe ngumthetho waseMzantsi Afrika.
Uya kuhlolwa amehlo kweli ziko phambi kokuba kugqitywe ukutshintshelwa.
Qaphela: Awuyikungenela zimviwo zelayisensi yomqhubi. Ilayisensi yomqhubi yexeshana isemthethweni iinyanga ezintandathu kwaye ikhutshwa kwangoko, ngaphandle kwendleko.
Isicelo siqulunqwa kwangolosuku ube sele unikwa usuku lovavanyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Exchangeprogrammepermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yotshintshiselwano inganikwa umntu welizwe langaphandle othabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yenkcubeko, yezoqoqosho okanye yentlalo, eququzelelwa okanye ephethwe liziko lombuso wakweli okanye welizwe langaphandle, okanye liziko loluntu lemfundo ephakamileyo, ngokusebenzisana neziko lombuso welizwe langaphandle. Yenza isicelo sepemethe yotshintshiselwano kwindlu yozakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika okanye kwiziko elimele uMzantsi Afrika elikufuphi kuwe.
Hambisa ipaspoti yakho esebenzisekayo ikunye nesicelo.
Khupha incwadi ephuma kwiziko, umbutho okanye kwifemeli ojonge ukuqhubela kuyo le nkqubo eMzantsi Afrika, ungqine ubume okanye ubukho benkqubo yotshintshiselwano. Incwadi kufuneka ingqine ukuba uyavumeleka ubhalisele le nkqubo okanye uthabathe inxaxheba kuyo kwaye kukwafuneka ichaze ukuba eli ziko, umbutho okanye ifemeli, iyakubanoxanduva lwakho ngelixa ukweli laseMzantsi Afrika.
Fumana incwadi esuka kwiziko elifanelekileyo lombuso okanye kwiqumrhu elixhasayo kwilizwe lakowenu, ingqine ubume okanye ubukho benkqubo yotshintshiselwano noMzantsi Afrika, ndawonye nomba wokuba wamkelwe ukuze ubhalisele le nkqubo.
Izicelo zithabatha ixesha eliphelela kwiintsuku ezingama 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Exportcertificateforliquor.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Thumela isicelo esahlukileyo kwimveliso nganye yesiselo esinxilisayo eyahlukileyo kwezinye iimveliso zeziselo ezinxilisayo, malunga nomntu ekuthunyelwa kuye, okubandakanyekayo, imibhalo echaza okuqulathiweyo okanye inombolo yomthwalo othunyelwayo.
Yazisa iCandelo loPhengululo loMgangatho leSebe leZolimo kwinombolo yomnxeba ethi 021 809 1704 phambi kokuba ulayishe umthwalo othunyelwayo.
Bhengeza oku kulayishwa kwicandelo kwisithuba seeyure ezingama 48.
Ukuhlolwa kwemithwalo ethunyelwa ngaphandle, emva kweeyure ezigunyazisiweyo zokusebenza okanye inxenye yazo: R520 ngeyure okanye inxenye yayo.
Yenza isicelo ngonxibelelwano lwekhompyutha.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Exportmarketing.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukunika imbuyekezo eyinxalenye yeendleko ezithile ezifumaneke ngokwemisebenzi ejongene nokuphuhlisa iimarike zokuthumela iimveliso neenkonzo zaseMzantsi Afrika kumazwe angaphandle, kunye nokugaya utyalo-mali lwamazwe angaphandle olutsha noluza nqo eMzantsi Afrika.
I-EMIA inika abathumeli-ngaphandle uncediso lwemali ukuze babonise ngeemveliso neenkonzo zabo kumazwe ehlabathi kwaye iyancedisa kwiinkqubo zabo zokwakha ubudlelwane ukuze bafumane iimarike zokuthumela iimveliso neenkonzo kumazwe angaphandle kunye notyalo-mali lwamazwe angaphandle oluza nqo. Ikwancedisa ekulinganiseleni iindleko zemarike zomthumeli-ngaphandle.
Amashishini eenkonzo ngokweeprojekthi, ngokusekelwe kubungqina obuvela kwiBhunga lokuThumela iiMveliso neeNkonzo kuMazwe aNgaphandle okanye kwi-Ofisi yeCandelo le-TISA, bokuba le projekthi yenkonzo ethile iyakubayinzuzo kwicandelo kwaye yongeze ixabiso.
AMabhunga aseMzantsi Afrika okuThumela iiMveliso neeNkonzo kuMazwe aNgaphandle , AMaqumrhu waMashishini kunye neMibutho yokuThabatha aManyathelo aDityanelweyo.
Inkonzo nganye ye-EMIA inencwadana yayo yezikhokelo, equlathe inkcazelo malunga nendlela yokuvumeleka, amaxesha abekiweyo kunye neenzuzo ezibandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zamacandelo.
Iifom zesicelo kunye neencwadana zezikhokelo ezingqamene nezi fom kufuneka zifundwe kunye. Isicelo siyakuphumelela kuphela xa singqamaniswe neemfuneko ezixelwe kwii "Ncwadana zeZikhokelo".
Funda le miqulu ngocoselelo ukuze uyazi kakuhle imigaqo neenkqubo.
Lunikiwe uluhlu oluphangaleleyo lwemiqulu ekufuneka ithunyelwe nesicelo. Incwadana yezikhokelo nayo iyakubonisa ukubangaba kukho eminye imiqulu efunekayo.
Amashishini angathumela izicelo eziphelela kwisithandathu enyakeni, kwaye baqingqelwe izicelo ezine kwicebo lesicwangciso ngasinye. Nawuphina umnyenyevu womahluko kufuneka ugunyaziswe nguManejala oMkhulu we-EMIA.
Izicelo ezifike emva kwexesha nezingagcwaliswanga ngokupheleleyo aziyi kuqwalaselwa.
I-EMIA iyakuthumela incwadi yokuvuma ukufunyanwa kwesicelo kwisithuba seeyure zokusebenza ezingama 48 emva kokuba ifumene isicelo sakho. Le ncwadi yokuvuma ukufunyanwa kwesicelo kufuneka ibandakanywe kuyo yonke imbalelwano nonxulumano lwexesha elizayo ne-EMIA.
I-EMIA iyakukwazisa ngokuba isicelo siphumelele na okanye saliwe kwisithuba seeyure ezingama 48 emva kokuba kuthatyathwe isigqibo sokugqibela.
Izicelo azinakuvunywa ngomlomo. Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba isicelo sivunywe ngencwadi ebhaliweyo phambi kokuba unduluke.
Ikopi yesaziso sokuvunywa kufuneka ikhaphe yonke imbalelwano nonxulumano lwexesha elizayo kunye nokuthunyelwa okanye ukuthunyelwa kweminye imiqulu kwi-EMIA. Ukubangaba i-EMIA ifumana enye imbalelwano nonxulumano okanye imiqulu engasibandakanyiyo isaziso sokuvunywa, i-EMIA ayinakuthwaliswa uxanduva ukubangaba le miqulu ilahlekile okanye ibekwe kwiindawo ezingachanekanga. Ukubangaba le miqulu ilahlekile, loo nto ingathintela okanye ilibazise inkqubo yokuqhubekiswa kwesicelo.
Sakuba sivunyiwe isicelo soncediso, kufuneka kugcwaliswe ifom yesibango ye-EMIA, yonke imiqulu yokuxhasa kunye noxwebhu olufanelekileyo lwemibuzo, kwaye le miqulu ithunyelwe kwi-EMIA kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu zomhla wokubuya kwindawo evunyiweyo obuye kuyo yoshishino.
Ukubangaba kukho imiba okanye imiqulu engekhoyo malunga nesibango emva kweenyanga ezintathu, isibango siyakwaliwa.
Umgangatho wenkonzo wahluka ngokwenkonzo nganye.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Iinkampani okanye umntu ongumnikazi weshishini eyedwa tshu, kufuneka bakhuphe izatifiketi ezisebenzisekayo zokubamsulwa ngokwerhafu ukuze baxhamle kule nkonzo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ume kakuhle ngokwerhafu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Exportpermits.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yokuthumela impahla nezinto kumazwe angaphandle iyafuneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umntu okanye umbutho oneenjongo zokuthumela impahla nezinto kumazwe angaphandle uhambisana nemiyalelo yokuthumela impahla nezinto kumazwe angaphandle kwaye uyahambisana nemimiselo yezivumelwano zamazwe ehlabathi. Iipemethe zokuthumela impahla nezinto kumazwe angaphandle zikwanceda ekulawuleni ukuphuma kwempahla nezinto ezinobaluleko oluthile okanye ukuphuma kwempahla nezinto ezirhubuluziswa ngomgunyathi okanye ezibiweyo.
Umgaqo osebenziseka ekungeniseni impahla nezinto kweli lizwe, nasekuthumeleni impahla nezinto kumazwe angaphandle, wahluka ngokwamacandelo eli shishini. Kwakhona, uninzi lwempahla nezinto ezintsha zinomnyenyevu wokungabandakanywa kumanyathelo okulawula ukungena kwempahla nezinto kweli lizwe. Ngoko ke, ukubangaba udinga inkcazelo yomgaqo malunga nokungeniswa nokukhutshwa kwempahla nezinto ezichaziweyo, nceda unike i-ofisi yoLawulo lweMpahla neZinto eziNgena kweli Lizwe kunye neziThunyelwa kuMazwe aNgaphandle , ekwiSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Ayizizo zonke impahla nezinto okanye iimveliso eziphantsi kwamanyathelo olawulo lokungena nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle okanye lokuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, zonke impahla nezinto esele zisetyenzisiwe, impahla nezinto ezingamasekendi, izinto ezichithwayo nezilahlwayo, ziphantsi kwamanyathelo olawulo lokungena kweli lizwe. Luyafumaneka uluhlu lwamagama empahla nezinto eziphantsi kwamanyathelo olawulo lwempahla nezinto ezingena kweli lizwe kunye nezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Ukubangaba unika iinkcukacha zonxulumano, olu luhlu ungaluthunyelwa ngeposi, ngefeksi okanye nge e-mail.
Nxulumana neZiko loLawulo lweMpahla neZinto eziNgena kweli Lizwe kunye neziThunyelwa kuMazwe aNgaphandle, leSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Thumela iifom kwiCandelo loBuqondisi boLawulo lweMpahla neZinto eziNgena kweli Lizwe kunye neziThunyelwa kuMazwe aNgaphandle.
Kungathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuze kuqhubekiswe isicelo sakho sepemethe yokuthumela impahla nezinto kumazwe angaphandle.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Exportplantsandplantproducts.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ngokuhlangana ne-NPPO yaseMzantsi Afrika, qonda ukuba unako na okanye awunako ukuhambisana nemiqathango yokungenisa yelizwe elingenisayo.
Ezi mpahla kufuneka zithunyelwe kwilizwe langaphandle kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 14 zokuhlolwa kokugqibela.
Isatifiketi esiluqobo lwaso sokubonisa ukuphila nokucoceka kufanele sihambe nezi mpahla.
Xa izityalo neemveliso zezityalo zifika kwisango lokungena kwilizwe elingenisayo, abahloli bezityalo be-NPPO yelizwe elingenisayo bayakuzivalela ezi zityalo ukuze zivavanywe kwaye zihlolwe.
Ixesha elithatyathwayo ukuze kukhutshwe isatifiketi esibonisa ukuphila nokucoceka lixhomekeke kwisivumelwano sokuthumela ngaphandle kwimveliso ethile nakwilizwe elithile.
<fn>GOV-ZA.F.87102.1.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > F > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Umhlobo wam wafunyaniswa ukuba uphila nentdholongwane kaGawulayo kwisithuba seminyaka esibhozo eyadlulayo futhi uqalisa ukugula kungoku nje. Ungumzali oyedwa futhi ukhathzwa kukuba ngubani na na oya kujongana nentwazana yakhe eneshumi elinesibini leminyaka ubudala ukuba uthi asutywe kukufa. Undicelile ukuba ndiyihoyw le ntwazana, yaye ndiya kwenjenjelo. Ingxaki ke kukuba akazi ukuba makayichazele njani na le ntwazana ukuba uphila nale ntsholongwane. Ingaba kukho endinokukwenza ukumnceda kulo mba?
Impendulo: Into ekubalulekileyo ukuba umhlobo wakho ayazi kukuba lininzi ixesha lokucinga nokucwangcisa ekumele kwenziwe. Enye yezona zinto zinzima abazali abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ekufuneka bejamelene nazo kukuxelela abantwana babo ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Amaxesha amaninzi boyika kakhulu ukuthetha nabantwana babo. Kodwa ke oku kuthula kungayingozi kumntu wonke. Abantwana bayakhathazeka xa bebona ukuba kukho nto ingahambi ngendlela futhi bangazigxeka bona ngokugula nokukhathazeka kwabazali babo.
Ukuyixelela intwazana yakhe kungabaluleka ukuze ibe nokuzilungiselela ixesha apho unina athi asutywe kukufa, udinga ixesha lokuthi ndlela-ntle. Kufuneka babe kunye kangangoko banakho.
Ayiyo nto ilula kubazali ukuxelela abantwana babo ukuba baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Abantwana banokuzifumana bekwimeko efanayo naleyo abazali babekuyo xa babeqala ukufumanisa ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Umzekelo, kusenokuba baziva besoyika, benemisindo okanye benxunguphele. Kufuneka ikhumbuleke ke neyokuba ukuziva ngolu hlobo ngexesha lale meko yinto eqhelekileyo.
Xa exelela intwazana yakhe ukuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, umhlobo wakho kufuneka aqwalsele ezi zinto zilandelayo: (a) intwazana yakhe le ingabuza imibuzo emininzi futhi ingadinga inkxaso eninzi. Kubalulekile ke ukuba avunyelwe abuze imibuzo. (b) Zama ukunikezlea iimpendulo ezicacileyo nezinyanisekileyo. Kufuneka enikwe zonke iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo (c) Umhlobo wakho kufuneka ayithathele ingqalelo indlela intwazana yakhe eziva ngayo ngalo mba ze futhi ayikhuthaze ukuba ithethe ngendlela eziva ngayo ingakumbi ngoloyiko lwakhe ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu.
Kungabaluleka kakhulu kumhlobo wakho ukuba acele elinye/amanye amalungu osapho osapho (asele wawaxelela ngaphambil ngalo mba) ukuba abekho emva kokuba edize isimo sakhe ngale ntsholongwane kwintwazana yakhe, ukuyinika ufifana lokuba ungibani na yena. Ubukho bakho ukuza kunikezela ngenkxaso ngeli xesha linzima kangaka kuya kuba lulutho, njengoko buya kunceda ekusekeni ubunye phakathi kwakho nentwazana le. Ukuvumela le ntwazana ukuba iveze indlela eziva ngayo ngokosuleleka kukanina yintshologwane kaGawulayo kuya kuyinceda izive ixhasiwe. Oku kungakwenza lula ukuba ithethe nawe namane amalungu osapho ngonina emva kokuba ethe wasutywa kukufa. Intwazana le iya kudinga inkxaso eninzi ngoku ingakumbi ngexesha lokusweleka kukanina. Inkxaso enikwa intwazana yakhe iya kumenza umhlobo wakho naye azive ephumle.
Kungaluncedo kumhlobo wakho nentwazana yakhe ukuseka indlela yokuphilisana ekhayeni, into abaya kuthanda ukuyenza ngamaxesha onke. Oku kungenzeka kanye ngeveki mhlawumbi. Umzekelo, ukuba nesidlo esisodwa sasemva kwemini, ukubukela umboniso bhanya-bhanya kunye. Inokuba yinto intwazana le engakhetha ukuqhubekeka iyenza nawe emva kokusweleka kukanina, into eza kukhumbulula unina ngayo neya kumnika amandla okuqhubekeka nobomi.
Enye yeendlela zokudala iinkumbulo ezibalulekileyo ingakukugcina ibhokisi yeenkumbulo. Umhlobo wakho lo angaqokelela yonke into ebalulekileyo kuye ze ayifake kule bhokisi yeenkumbulo, umzekelo, ingalisuntswana lempahla enxitywayo, imifanekiso, izihombiso okanye amakhadi awodwa. Umhlobo wakho usenokubhalela intwazana yakhe incwadana yembalelwano eyixelela indlela ayithanda ngayo ze ayifake le ncwadi kule bhokisi yembalelwano ukuze ibe nokuvulwa emva kokusweleka kwakhe. Iintwazana le mhlawumbi ingafumana ukuzinza okukhulu ekuberni nento ebambekayo ukuze iyikhumbuze ngonina kwanothando abebenalo bobabini.
Bobabini umhlobo wakho nentwazana yakhe badinga inkxaso eninzi kweli xesha, futhi banethamsanqa ngokuba wena uzibnika ixesha lokuba nabo ubaxhase ngeli xesha linzima kangaka ebomini babo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.F.87102.10.10.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > F > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Umbuzo: Ndiza kuqala ukuphangela kule nyanga izayo yaye sele ndenze namalungiselelo okuba umntu enimqeshele ukuba ajonge indlu yam ze ajongane nabantwana bam ababini, abaminyaka mine nemibini ngokulandelelana. Ndifuna aye kuvavanywa igazi phambi kokuba aqalise ngomsebenzi ngoba kaloku ndinexhala lokuba unokuba kanti uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi abantwana bam bangosuleleka. Ndingaqinisekisa njani ukuba ufumana uvavanyo?
Impendulo: Akukhathaliseki nokuba umntu ufumaniseka engenayo intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba aqalise ngomsebenzi, akho amathuba okuba angosuleleka ngeli xesha aphangelayo. EMzantsi Afrika akukho mthethweni ukunyanzelisa ukuba umntu aye kuvavanyelwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba ube nokumnika isithuba somsebenzi. Kukwagwenxa futhi ukugxotha nabani na kuphela ngenxa yokuba ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Nokuba umntu oqeshiweyo uzigqibela ekubeni aye kuzivavanyela intsholongwane kaGawulayo, umthetho awumnyanzeli ukuba anikezele ngeziphumo zolo vavanyo kumqeshi wakhe. Ukuba umqeshwa lowo wakwenza oko, umqeshi unyanzeleke ukuba alugcine olo lwazi njengemfihlo.
Nabani na ogqiba ekubeni aye kuvavanyelwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka efumene iingcebiso noncedo lwangaphambili nasemva kolo vavanyo. Umntu lowo kukwafuneka etyikitye nephetshana elichaza ukuba uziqonda ngokupheleleyo iziphumo zokuvavanywa igazi ngaphambi kokwenza oko. Ngamazwi angawo, oku kuthetha ukuba, phambi kokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo, umntu ozisa kuvavanyo uya kufundiswa ngnetsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu, kuncokolwe ngomngcipheko wokufunyaniswa uphila nale ntsholongwane emva kolu vavanyo ze kuzanywe nokufunyaniswa ukuba bacinga ukuba bangamelana njani na neziphumo zokuba uphila nayo okanye akanayo le ntsholongwane. Umntu ofundisa lowo uvavanywayo ngalo mba uyakufumanisa ukuba kutheni na lowo efuna ukuvavanywa nje ze amazise nangamalungelo akhe ngokomthetho. Ukuba umntu lowo uhe wafumaniseka ephila nale ntsholongwane, umntu ofundisa ngale ntsholongwane neziphumo zokuphila nayo uya kuzama ukufumanisa ukuba angakuthintela njani na ukosuleleka kwabanye abantu yintsholongwane kaGawulayo lo mntu aphila nayo.
Ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu kwenzekile apho abasebenzi basiwa kuvavanywa igazi, ngabaqeshi babo futhi ngaphandle kokunikezela ngemvume yokwenza oko. Oku ke kubizwa njengohlaselo. Ngaphaya koko, nawuphi na umsebenzi wononophelo lwempilo othi azise umqeshi ngesimo somqeshwa wakhe ngokwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphandle kwemvume yaloo mqeshwa, uyakube unetyala lokonakalisa ngendlela emasikizi yokwaphula isibhambathiso sokugcina ezo ndaba ziyimfihlo.
Abantu abaninzi baxhalabile besoyika ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, okanye ke ngomngcipheko wokosuleleka kwabantwana babo. Noko kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo ayosuleli nje ngokuhlangana noluntu. Ukuba oku bekunjalo, phantse sonke besiya kube siphila nale ntsholongwane kungoku nje njengoko sisoloko sikunye nabantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane.
ukuhlanga negazi elinale ntsholongwane.
UMzantsi Afrika unenye yezona nkonzo zokunikezelwa kwegazi ezikhuselekileyo ehlabathini. Ngapha koko, asifane sihlangane negazi lomnye umntu. Ukze umntu abe nokosuleleka ngale ndlela, kuya kufuneka abe nenxeba apho eli gazi linale ntsholongwane liyakungena khona 7ukuze liye kufikelela kumthombo wegazi. Abantu abaninzi ababuzwa ukuba bagqibela nini na ukuhlangana negazi lomnye umntu, ngale ndlela, bazifumana bengenakuwuphendula lo mbuzo. Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuthintela ukosuleleka sesi sifo kukuzixhobisa ngolwazi ze wenze njengoko kulindelekile.
Abanye abasebenzi basemakhitshini abafunyaniswa bephila nale ntsholongwane baba sethamsanqeni lokuzifumana bekwazi ukuxelela abaqeshi babo abathi babanika inkxaso. Aba baqeshi bayayazi into yokuba abantu baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo nabo bakwangaziintloko zamakhaya abo yaye kulindeleke ukuba bawaxhase ngandlela zonke loo makhaya futhi eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngumgangatho womsebenzi wabo, hayi indaba yokuba bephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.F.87102.14.14.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > F > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Udad' wethu sele eqalise ukusebenzisa ukusebenzisa amachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi ndixhalabile kuba ndicinga ukuba kuya kufuneka ndiqalise kuwo mnan kungekudala. Undixelele ukuba umcebisi wakhe uthe wonke umntu osebenzisa la machiza kufuneka aqhubekeke asebenzise iintsilathi. Kutheni kunjalo nje?
Impendulo: Yinyaniso emsulwa le uyixelelwa ngudad' wenu. Ukuba akusoloko uyisebenzisa ngendlela efanelekileyo intsilathi, usesichengeni sokukhula amanye amajoni alwa nala machiza. Loo nto ke ithetha ukuba la machiza awayi kuphinda abe nakho ukuyilwa le ntsholongwane.
Izinga lale ntsholongwane liya kwanda ze isibalo seeseli zeCD4 sona (iiseli ezimhlophe) esingamajoni ethu omzimba, siqalise ukwehla. Le meko ke iya kukhokelela ekuveleni kwezinto eziza kulwa nala machiza emzimbeni ze le ntsholongwane iphumelele ekuziphinda-phindeni. Ukuba oku kuthi kwenzeke, la machiza wayi kuba namandla akuyilwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Le nto ilwa nala machiza iya kuthi ibe namandla kakhulu ze yande nalapha emzimbeni. Ukulwa nechiza elinye (ngenxa yokungasebenzisi zintsilathi) kunokuthintela ezinye iintlobo zamachiza ukuba asebenze kakuhle emzimbeni.
Ukuba akuzinikeli ekusebenziseni iintsilathi rhoqo nangendlela eyiyo, ungosulela abantu olala nabo ngaphandle kwentsilathi, ngale nto ithintela amachiza ukuba asebenze ngendlela eyiyo. Oko kuthethe nokuba abantu onokuba ubosulelele, abayi kuba nakho ukusebenzisa la machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwne kaGawulayo ngexesha abakulungele ngayo ukuwasebenzisa, noxa ke bengazange bawasebenzisa nje ngaphambili, kuha kaloku baqale ngale nto ilwa nala machiza, abayifumene kuwe.
Xa umntu sele ekulungele ukuzinyanga ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo, kunyanzelekile ke ukuba loo mntu aye kubonana nogqirha kwiklinikhi yala machiza, gqirha lowo uya kuthi emva kovavanyo afikelele kwisigqibo ekubeni izinga lempilo yaloo mntu liyanyanzelisa na ukuba asebenzise unyango lwala machiza.
Umcebisi othuthuzelayo lo uya kuchitha ixesha naloo mntu ekhusini ze achaze konke malunga nala machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo afana, nokuthobela imithetho yokusetyenziswa kwayo, ukutya okusempilweni, ukuphila ngendlela efanelekileyo, njalo-njalo. Umcebisi lo uya kuyiphendula yonke imibuzo isigulana eso esinokuyibuza ngonyango ngala machiza.
Kuya kuba yimfuneko futhi, emva koko, ukuba umntu lowo azimase iimbutho zamaqela enkxaso njengoko umthuthuzeli lowo ecebisile. Oku ke akuthethi ukuba kuya kufuneka uncokole ngemiba yakho eyimfihlelo kubanye abantu, kodwa kukwenza ukuba wazi ngemiba emininzi malunga nonyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwimbutho ekhuselekileyo.
Emva kwezimbutho zenkxaso, kuya kubakho amanye amathuba okuthuthuzela nokunikezela iingcebiso kwisigulana esi nomcebisi (ubuso ngobuso), apho imiba yakho eyimfihlelo njengesigulana kwakunye neminye imibaenobuzaza echaphazela la machiza ingashukuxwa ekhusini.
Phakathi kwezi ndibano zahlukeneyo, isigulana esi singaya kumbona umcebisi waso xa kuthi kuvele nayiphi na ingxeki, nokuba loo ngxaki inento yokwenza nokusetyenziswa kweentsilathi okanye nantoni na enye enento yokwenza nonyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Nokuba ukulungele na ukuqaliswa kula machiza okanye akukulungelanga, kubalulekile ukuba uzinikele ekusebenziseni iintsilathi. Isigqibo sakho sokuzinikela ekusebenziseni iintsilathi asiyi kukhusela uluntu nje kuphela, kok siya kukhusela nawe ekubeni uhlaselwe zezi zinto zilwa nokusebenza kwamachiza alwa nale ntsholongwane ngoku nakwixesha elizayo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.F.87102.15.15.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > F > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Umbuzo: Ndiqhuba ishishinana elisakhasayo elinabasebenzi abalishumi elinesibhozo kuphela. Ndisoloko ndisiva ngefuthe lentsholongwane kaGawulayo kushishino kodwa ke andazi ukuba mandenze ntoni na ngaloo nto. Nangona kunjalo ke abasebenzi bam bakhangeleka besempilweni. Zeziphi iingcebiso ongandinika zona?
Impendulo: Ukuba unabasebenzi abalishumi elinesibhozo, iinkcukacha-manani zithi abathathu okanye abane kubo basenokuba baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Xa bethe bosuleleka, abasebenzi abakwinqanaba lokuqala lokuphila nale ntsholongwane abazokubonisa zimpawu kwangoko. Ukuba ke kuthe kanti umntu akazazi ukuba uphila nale ntsholongwane, ze angenzi zinto ziza kunceda le meko, ungafumanisa emva konyaka okanye emibini ukuba, uninzi lwabona basebenzi bakho bephambili bathi bahlaselwe kukugula malunga nexesha elinye. Ngenxa yesi sizathu nezinye ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uxhobise bonke abasebenzi bakho ngolwazi ngale ntsholongwane ze bafumane nethuba lokuya kufumana ulwazi olugqibeleleyo kwanokuzivavanyela le ntsholongwane ngokwabo ngeenjongo zokufumanisa ukuba banayo na le ntsholongwane kusini na.
ukuvavanyela abasebenzi bayo ngaphandle kokubacacisela ze ifumane imvume yabo (imvume yomsebenzi lowo emva kokuba ecaciselwe kakuhle wonke umcimbi ochaphazela olu vavanyo).
Xa sele ukutshilo oko, uyalidinga icebiso ngokukhuthaza bonke abasebenzi bakho ngeendlela zokufikelela kwiingcebiso noncedo abaludingayo ngokuzivavanyela intsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kaloku yonke le nto iqala ekubeni uhlale usazi ukuba abasebenzi aba banelungelo lokwenza oku ngendlela eyimfihlelo ngokugqibeleleyo. Ngamanye amazwi ke, nokuba umsebenzi lowo kuthi kanti uphila nale ntsholongwane, akanyanzelekanga ukuba akwazise wena njengomqeshi wakhe.
Eyona ndlela isoloko ikulungele oku kukubuza umntu onolwazi olugqibeleleyo ngalo mba ukuze nibe nokufikelela kwizigqibo ngoMgaqo-nkqubo Wasemsebenzini weNtsholongwane kaGawulayo oquka isicwangciso-qhinga sokufundisa esilungele ngqo ishishini elo lakho. Umqaqo-nkqubo wasemsebenzini lowo kufuneka uqulunqwe liqela elibamele ngokupheleleyo ababaphathi, abasebenzi, abameli babasebenzi kwakunye nemanyano yabasebenzi. Inqanaba elilandelayo ingakukuba kukufikelela kwiingcali eziza kukuncedisa uqinisekise ukusebenza kwesi sicwangciso-qhinga sokwazisa nokufundisa abasebenzi , esidiza eyona miba ibandakanyekayo ekunikezelweni kweengcebiso nasekuzivavanyeleni intsholongwane kaGawulayo. Eyona njongo yoku ke kukwazisa nokulungisa iimpazamo zoluntu ngale ntsholongwane ngelixa kukwakhuthazwa abasebenzi aba ukuba baqwalaselise indlela abacinga ngayo nabaziphatha ngayo xa kukhankanywa umba wentsholongwanealo kaGawulayo ukuze babe nokufikelela kwizigqibo abanolwazi olupheleleyo ngazo ngomba wokuya kuzivavanyela le ntsholongwane.
Kufuneka ucacelwe kakuhle ngokuba uthini na umgaqo-nkqubo wakho ngabasebenzi abasele bephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo abasele befikelele kuwo onke manqanaba ale ntsholongwane, ukuba kuthetha ntoni na oko kubanye abasebenzi nakwinkampani ngokubanzi. Iinjongo zeenkqubo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo kufuneka ziquke iinjongo zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka kwanokugcina abasebenzi abasele bephila nale ntsholongwane bephilile.
Ngokomthetho, abasebenzi abanakugxothwa ngenxa nje yokuba bephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukuba nje umntu usakwazi ukuwenza umsebenzi wakhe bamele ukuhlala besebenza. Kuxa ekwinqanaba eliphambili kakhulu kangangokuba uyaphazamiseka ekwenzeni umsebenzi wakhe kuphela apho kunokuvumeleka ukuba umsebenzi asuswe emsebenzini abuyiselwe ekhaya okanye asiwe esibhedlele, kodwa ke nangelo xesha uya kube esazifumana izibonelelo zakhe njengomsebenzi. Okunye ke kukuba abasebenzi abanakho ukwala ukusebenza kunye nabo bazidizileyo ukuba bona baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Ixesha ke alisivumeli ukuba sikwazi ukumelana nayo yonke imiba ebandakanyekayo apha. Kwixesha elizayo siya kucebisa ukuba uqhagamshelnane nomnye wemibutho enikezela ngeengcebiso noncedo kumashishini amancinci nasakhulayo. Luyafumaneka ulwazi olunale mibutho kwi-ATICC.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.F.87102.17.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Home > Publications > Public Information > F > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Umbuzo: Ndivile ukuba urhulumente uya kube enikezela ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kubantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane kwilixa elizayo. Ndingathanda ke ukwazi ukuba le nkqubo iya kusebenza njani na ukuze nam ndibe nokufikelela kula machiza.
Impendulo: Unyanisile xa uthi amachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo aya kufumaneka kuluntu ngokubanzi, kodwa ke noxa kunjalo, abanyanzelekanga bonke abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuba bawasebenzise la machiza ukuphucula impilo yabo. Unyango ngala machiza lunceda abantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane ukuba baphile ubomi obude nobusempilweni kuba kaloku injongo kukunciphisa izinga lale ntsholongwane emizimbeni yabo (lowo ke ngumthwalo abanawo wale ntsholongwane emizimbeni yabo) kube ke ngoko komelezwa amajoni abo omzimba. Apha eMzantsi Afrika abantu abakwizigidi ezintlanu sele bephila nale ntsholongwane (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuthi omnye kwithoba ngalinye labantu uphila nayo) kodwa ngamakhulu amahlanu amawaka kuphela abantu ekufuneka befumene unyango lwala machiza kuba kaloku uninzi lona lusesempilweni. Elona xesha umntu ophila nentsholongwane ekuya kufuneka efumene unyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kuxa benesibalo se-CD4 esingaphantsi kwama-200 (esi sibalo se-CD4 ke luvavanyo olubonisa ukomelela kwamajoni omzimba) okanye isigulo esichaza ukuphila noGawulayo (umzekelo wesi sifo ke kukwehla kakhulu kobunzima bomzimba, isifo esidumbisa inwebu yobuchopho, isifo sokukral kwemiphunga, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, isifo sephepha esibetha ngaphandle kwemiphunga, izifo zomhlaza, izifo ezinento yokwenza nokungcola neencukuthu). Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ube kanti umelene nezi meko zimbini ngaphambi kokuba ube nakho ukufumana unyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo.
iNtshona Koloni yenza izicwangciso zokumisela xa kufika inyanga kaTshazimpunzi ka-2004 iya kube sele inamaziko alishumi elinethoba apho abantu baya kufumana khona la machiza ze amanye amaziko alishumi elinesine avulwe ekuhambeni kwaloo nyaka, nto leyo ke iwabeka kumashumi amathathu anesithathu la maziko okuzibandakanya koluntu nale nkqubo yokufikelela kumachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Izigulana eziphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuthunyelwa kule nkqubo xa isibalo sabo se-CD4 singaphantsi kwama-200 okanye kufunyaniswe ukuba baphila nesifo esichaza ubukho bukaGawulayo.
Umqathango wokuba isigulana eso kufuneka sibe kanti sizinikele ekusebenziseni olu nyango lumachiza mathathu ubomi baso bonke.
Ukuxelela umntu oza kuba 'ngumlingane kule nkqubo yonyango' okanye umncedisi wesigulana eso ukuqinisekisa ukuba le nkqubo iyathotyelwa futhi iyathobeleka. Kubalulekile ke oku, njengoko ukuthabatha usebenzise amachiza amaninzi nahlukeneyo ngexesha elifanayo ngosuku ngalunye, ntsuku zonke ubomi bakho bonke ingeyonto ilula ukuyenza ngaphandle koncedo. Isigulana eso kufuneka siyithobele imiqathango yokusetyenziswa kwala machiza ukuze siqinisekise ukuba umzimba waso ufumana amachiza awaneleyo kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba ayasebenza la machiza emzimbeni waso.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso asizintyintyi kakubi ngamachiza, ingakumbi utywala. Isizathu soku ke kukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso asiphathwa kakubi kukutyeka kwesibindi saso butywala obo. Ngapha koko ke, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa ngendlela yiyo nangenyameko la machiza xa umntu aphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala. Isigulana eso sikwakhuthazwa ukuba siphile ubomi obusilungeleyo nobusempilweni yaye saziswe ngeengozi zokusebebnzisa amachiza akhabanayo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso siya kuba nakho ukuzimasa imihlangano emithathu yokunikezelwa kolwazi kwanemibini yokunikelwa kweengcebiso noncedo ngendlela yokuphila. Le nkqubo ke iya kuthabatha iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezisibhozo ukuze ibe nokugqibelela. Injongo yoku iya kuba kukufundisa isigulana esi kuthotho lwezinto eziquka ulwazi ngala machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo, injongo yawo, ukuba asebenza njani, iziphene, ukubaluleka kokuthotyelwa kweemeko zokusetyenziswa kwawo kwaneemeko apho umzimba ungawevayo la machiza. Abacebisi ke nabo kuya kufuneka benze uvavanyo lwemeko yokuhlala neyengqondo yesigulana eso ukuze iqela lezonyango lifikelele esigqibeni sokuba isigulana eso siwalungele na la machiza. Ukuba kufunyaniswa ukuba isigulana eso siwalungele amachiza la, kuya kufuneka sinikwe iingcebiso ze sinikwe nemiyalelo yokutyelela iiklinikhi. Ukuba isigulana eso asikawalungeli la machiza umcebisi nesi sigulana baya baya kusebenzisana ekuseombululeni le ngxaki ukuze isigulana sibe nokufikelela kula machiza.
Isigulana kufuneka sivume ukuthabathela kuso uxanduva lwempilo nonyangp lwaso. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba isigulana esi sizinikele ekusebenziseni iipilisi, ukuzimasa yonke imihlangano yokunikezla ngolwazi kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba uyayithobela imiqathango yokuba kule nkqubo.
Xa ndiqoshelayo ke, abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuba nakho ukufikelela simahla kunyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo xa amajoni emizimba yabo edodobele yaye edinga ukomelezwa (apha ke kuxa isibalo sabo se-CD4 singaphantsi kwama-200) naxa bebonakalisile ukuba bakulungele ukuzinikela kuxanduva lokujongana nonyango lwabo ubomi babo bonke. Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka uye kweyona klinikhi ikufutshane nawe ukuze ube nokufumana uvavanyo lokuba ngokwenene ukulungele na ukwamkelwa kule nkqubo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
Don't understand government jargon or an acronym Use the GLOSSARY?
| QUESTIONS Just ask us: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.F.87102.18.18.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > F > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Umbuzo: Hooray!!! Side ekugqibeleni sazifumana iindaba ezimnandi, urhulumente uvumile ukusinika la machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ndafunyaniswa ndiphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 xa ndandiphila nesifo sephepha, ingaba kufuneka ndiqalise ukusebenzisa la machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngoku?
Impendulo: Kuyandivuyisa ukuva ukuba kuyakuchulumancisa ukukhutshwa simahla kwamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kunzima ke kum ukuchazela ukuba ukufumana unyango ngala machiza kusini na. Eyona inokukwenza wazi ukuba ululungele na olu nyango kukuya kweyona klinikhi okanye gqirha ukufutshane nawe ze ucele ukuba akuthumele kwiklinikhi esebenza ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kuloo klinikhi baya kukutsala amagazi ngeenjongo zokufumanisa ukuba isibalo sakho se-CD4, esinceda oogqirha ekufumaniseni ukuba amajoni akho omzimba omelele kangakanani na okanye ungakanani na umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukhumbule ke ukuba ukuze ube nokulungela ukusebenzisa amachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka sibe kanti isibalo sakho sentsholongwane kaGawulayo singaphantsi kwamakhulu amabini okanye ube unesigulo esichaza ukuphila noGawulayo emzimbeni wakho.
Khumbula, iqhinga lentsholongwane kaGawulayo kukuhlasela amajoni ethu emizimba futhi ngokwenza njalo ibeka imizimba yethu emngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zezinye izifo ezizungul' amachele. La majoni ethu emizimba zezona zixhobo zethu zokulwa ukuncgola okungena emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wawo kukusigcina siphilile ngokuthi alwe nawaphi na amagciwane okanye izifo ezithi zisihlasele. La majoni omzimba enziwe zizihlunu ezizodwa ezibizwa ngokuba zii-CD4. Xa umntu enamajoni omzimba omeleleyo loo nto ithetha ukuba unezihlunu ze-CD4 ezininzi. Ukuba sifuna ukwazi ukuba amajoni omzimba omntu ngamnye omelele kangakanani, sithi sibale ezi CD4 ke.
Xa sibuyela kumba wokuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo le iwahlasela njani na amajoni omzimba womntu ngamnye: Xa umntu ethe wosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, le ntsholongwane izithabathela kuyo ze izibulale ezi zihlunu zeCD4. Le ntsholongwane ithintela ezi CD4 ekubeni zilwe izifo yaye endaweni izinyanzela ekubeni zidale ezinye iintsholongwane. Kuthi ke emva kweminyaka emininzi umntu abe neentsholongwane ezininzi nee-CD4 ezimbalwa egazini lakhe. Xa amajoni omzimba ephelelwe ngamandla nangakumbi izifo ezizungula amachele ezifana nesifo sephepha, ezehlisa amandla amajoni omzimba, zingafumana ithuba lokungena, kodwa ke njengoko usazi, isifo sephepha esi siyanyangeka nokuba umntu lowo sele ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Isikhumbuzo, intsholongwane kaGawulayo ayinyangeki. La machiza asetyenziswayo enzelwe nje ukukunceda uphile ubomi obongezelelekileyo nobusempilweni, ngokuthi ehlise ifuthe lale ntsholongwane egazini lakho. Shukuma ngoku ukuze ube nokuzuza lutho kule nkqubo isekhoyo yamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwale ntsgholongwane.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.F.87102.20.20.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > F > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Umbuzo: Umyeni wam wafumaniseka ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Besisoloko sihlangana nomcebisi kodwa ke isekho eminye imiba endingekayiqondi ngezinto awandixelela zona. Saxelelwa ukuba akunakuyifumana intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokuthi wabelane ngekopi, amacephe namalaphu, kodwa ke ndinabantwana abathathu abaminyaka ilishumi elinesibini, elishumi nesixhenxe ubudala yaye ukungazinzi kwam kusukela kwinto yokuba ndicinga ukuba singabosulela ngendlela nje elula ke phofu.
Impendulo: Ukuze ube nakho ukuthintela ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo kubalulekile ukuba umntu azazi iindlela esasazeka ngayo le ntsholongwane ukuze abe nokuthintela ngempumelelo ukosuleleka.
Umcebisi wakho ebenyanisile xa ebesithi akunakho ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokudibana nje nomntu ophila nayo, mhlawumbi ukwangana, ukwabelana ngokutya, ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokutya ezinye, ukuxhawulana, ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese enye, okanye ke ngenye indlela yokuhlangana apho kungekho gazi libandakanyeka ngenxa yesilonda esivulekileyo somntu onayo. Izinambuzane ezifana neengcongconi nazo aziyisasazi intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokuthi zimfimfithe amagazi abo.
Ukwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga.
Abantu abaninzi bosuleleka ngokuthi babelane ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga (ngamanye amazwi ke ngokungasebenzisi zintsilathi).
Amanina aphila nentshlongwane kaGawulayo angayidlulisela le ntsholongwane kwiintsana zawo ezingekazalwa ngexesha esakhulelwe, ngexesha lokubeleka nokukhutshwa kosana esibelekweni, okanye ke nangokobisi lwebele.
Ukufaka Igazi Esele Losulelekile Emzimbeni Wakho.
Umntu angosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo nangokuthi kufakwe igazi elinale ntsholongwane emzimbeni wakhe. Oku ke kungenzeka ngenxa yesilonda esivulekileyo, ukwabelana ngezinto zokucheba iintshebe okanye iinaliti ebezisetyenziswe ngumntu osele ephila nale ntsholongwane, ngokufumana igazi elinale ntsholongwane xa kunikezelwa ngegazi.
Kodwa ke, lonke igazi ekuphiswa ngalo liqala livavanyelwe intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphambi kokuba ligqithiselwe kwabanye abantu ukuqinisekisa ukuba igazi elinikezelwayo likhuseleke kangangoko.
Ingathinteleka njani kanene le ntsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Abazali kufuneka bancokole ngemiba yesondo nabantwana babo kuselithuba. Abantu, ingakumbi abantu abasebatsha, kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba bangazibandakanyi kwiintshukumo zokwabelana ngesondo de babe bakulungele oko yaye kufuneka bavumelane namaqabane abo ngokuthembakala omnye komnye kuthando oluzinzileyo.
Iintsilathi kufuneka zisetyenziswe rhoqo apho umntu azibandakanya kwintshukumo yokwabelana ngesondo nomntu angenguye lo mnye athandana naye.
Xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokugqobhoza isikhumba ezifana ne , iinaliti okanye izirinji, ezi zixhobo kufuneka zibe ntsha okanye ke zihlanjisiswe kakuhle. Ezi zixhobo akufuneki kwaberlwane ngazo ngabantu.
Iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa ziyawadodobalisa amandla amajoni omzimba ze zenze nomzimba ube semngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zizifo ezininzi.
Onke amanina kufuneka afune ulwazi ngokukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuba akhulelwe futhi bazame ukufumanisa ukuba abanayo na le ntsholongwane kaGawulayo, umntu abhalise ukukhulelwa kwakhe kweyona khlinikhi yemicimbi yokubeleka ikufutshane naye ukuze abe nokuvela kwiincwadi zeklinikhi leyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba banakho ukwenza konke abanakho ukuthintela ukosuleleka kweentsana zabo yintdholongwane yile ntsholongwane.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.F.87102.3.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > F > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Ndikhulelwe yaye ndiphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ingaba kulungile ukuba ndondle usana lwam ngobisi lwebele Olu lusana lwam lwesibini yaye ndalwondla ngobisi lwebele usana lwam lokuqala, ngoku ke ndisadidekile njengoko ndingekaxeleli mntu ekhaya ngesimo sam nentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi ndikhe ndeva abantu besithi iintsana zingosuleleka xa zinokuthi zondliwe ngobisi lwebele ukuba unina wolo sana uphila nale ntsholongwane. Ndizifumene iingcebiso nentuthuzelo eMOU ze ndeva nangenkqubo yokunqanda ukosulelwa kosana ngunina ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo, kodwa ndisadidekile?
Impendulo: Kuyavakala futhi kwamkelekile ukuba uzuve uxhalabile ngokondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele njengoko uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kubalulekile ukuba ugxininise koko kululungeleyo usana lwakho ze uqinisekise futhi ukuba uwanciphisa ngandlela zonke amathuba okuba usana lwakho losuleleke. Ukwabelana nabanye abantu ngokosuleleka kwakho yile ntsholongwane yintando yakho ngokupheleleyo.
Njengoko waziswa nguMcebisi eMOU ngeNkqubo Yokuthintela Ukosulelwa Kosana Ngunina, kubalulekile ukuba uqwalasele zonke iinkalo zesondlo ze ukhethe leyo iyakulungela usana lwakho, ngokweemeko ophila phantsi kwazo. Andazi ukuba kungakanani okukhumbulayo ngexesha wawusiya okokuqala kwiingcebiso, kodwa ke kufuneka ukhethe ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela okanye ke ulondle ngamachiza okanye izidlo ezithengwayo. Ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela kuthetha ukuba lubisi lwebele kuphela oya kondla ngalo usana lwakho (ngaphandlel ke kwamachiza namayeza ethe iklinikhi ze ulunike wona). Akukho manzi, machiza, zincindi, umxube opholisa iintlungu zesisu ezintsaneni, nkqu kungabikho nedami le. Zonke ezi zinto xa zidibene nesondlo sobisi lwebele zenza UKONDLA NGEENDLELA EZAHLUKENEYO yaye oku kunganobungozi kusana lwakho.
Ukuba uketha ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela, oku kumele kungenziwa ixesha elingaphaya kweenyanga ezine ze ekupheleni kwezi nyanga zine kufuneka uluyekise usana lwakho ubisis lwebele ngoko nangoko utshintshelr usana lwakho kwisondlo ngamabisi namachiza athengwayo nonokuwafumana kwiklinikhi yeentsana ekufutshane nawe iinyanga ezimibini ezilandelayo de usana olo lube neenyanga ezintandathu ubudala. Xa sele uyeke ukondla ngobisi lwebele watshintshela kula mabisi, kufuneka UNGAZE uphinde ubuyele ekondleni usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele. Oku kuya kuba kukondla ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo futhi kungabangela ukosuleleka kosana yintsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Into ebalulekileyo ngobisi lwebele lubisi lokuqala umama athi alukhuphe, olubizwa ngokuba yiColostrum. Oku ke kulungisa isisu nethumbu lomntwana, futhi oku kukhusela usana kwizifo. Ubisi lwebele lukwaqulethe zonke izakhi-mzimba ezidingwa lusana. Lusoloko lukubushushu obufunekayo, lufumaneka lula (okukona usondla ngobisi lwebele kokukona uveza ubisi oluninzi), futhi konga nexesha. Kufuneka ukhumbule imigaqo engundoqo yokucoca iingono zakho ngendlela esempilweni phambi kokuba uncancise ukuze ukhusele ukosuleleka kosana lwakho. Kukwafuneka uqinisekise ukuba usana lwakho lubambelela ngendlela eyiyo engnweni, enokuthi ngaphandle kokuba buhlungu, ibeke usana lwakho emngciphekweni wokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukuba uthi ubr nengono ekrazukileyo, yeka ukondla ngelo bele. Sebenzisa elinye ibele ze ufumane nonyango lukagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ngazo zonke iingcebiso, nceda uqhagamshelane neMOU yakho okanye iklinikhi yakho yeentsana ngoko nangoko.
Ngokumxulumene nosana olo, ukuba luthe losuleleka (isilonda somlomo, ukutyabuka kwesisu namathumbu, njalo-njalo) kufuneka use usana olo eklinikhi ngoko nangoko kuba lusemngciphekweni wokosulekeka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukususela kwiinyanga ezintandathu ubudala, usana olo lungaqaliswa kwiintlbo ezithile zokutya okuqinileyo ngokweengcebiso zeklinikhi.
Oku ke kundibeka kwindlela yesibini yokondla usana, ukondla mgamachiza athengwayo. Ukuba uthi ukhethe ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi oluthengwayo nolufumaneka kwiiklimikhi, kuya kugfuneka ulondle ngolo hlobo lobisi kuphela ixesha eliziinyanga ezintandathu. Kuya kufuneka uqhagamshelane neMOU ekufuntshane nawe ukuze kube nokwenziwa amalungiselelo okuba emva kokubeleka uyishiye unobisi olwaneleyo oluya kukugcina de kufike utyelelo lwakho lokuqala kwiklinikhi yeentsana. Kwiklinikhi yeentsana uya kunikwa olu bisi rhoqo de kube ziinyanga ezintandathu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngolu hlobo lwesondlo kukulwenza kanye ngendlela ekuyalelwew ngayo ngokobunzima nobudala bosana lwakho. Nayiphi na intshukumo etenxileyo kule miyalelo ingalugulisa usana lwakho. Ukuba wondla usana lwakho ngamachiza, indlela emiselwayo ekwenzeni oku kukumlinganisela ngekopi. Baya kukubonisa ukuba ukwenze njani na oku eklinikhi. Ukucoca ikopi necephe olisebenzisayo kakuhle nangendlela echanekileyo kuyimfuneko ngokugqibeleleyo ukuze uthintele ukosuleleka kosana lwakho zizigulo. Okona kutya unokukukhetha nokulungele usana lwakho yimveliso engenalubisi, eya kukhusela usana lwakho ekungalungelanini nezidlo ezthile, nto leyo iya kubangela ukuba luhlaselwe zizigulo ezifana nombefu, umkhuhlane womungu, njalo-njalo. Ukuba akuyilandeli imyalelo estotini, ungalondla ngendlela esezantsi kwelinganiselo eyaneleyo okanye ulondle ngokugqithisileyo usana lwakho, nto leyo inokuthi ikhokelele kwizinto ezifana nokungondleki, ukoma, ukuqhinwa, njalo-njalo. Usana kufuneka luqale ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, akukhathaliseki nokuba ulondla ngobisi lwebele okanye ngamachiza afunyanwa eklinikhi na.
Kuya kufuneka ugqibe ekubeni yeyiphi eyona ndlela ikufaneleyo. Umngcipheko wokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo uya kuncipha ukuba uthi wondle usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela ixesha elingadlulanga kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ukondla usana lwakho ngamachiza afumaneka eklinikhi kuthetha ukuba usana lwakho aluyi kuba semngciphekweni wokosulekeka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, kodwa lungasemngciphekweni wokosuleleka zezinye izigulo ezifan nokutyabuka kwesisu namathumbu nokukrala kwemiphunga, njalo-njalo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Facilities.6606.101645.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli ziko leenkonzo ezizodwa libonelela Ngonyango Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Asebenza Ngendlela Engummangaliso kubantu abakulungeleyo oku nabaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, oko ke kukuthi, abantu abakwisigaba sesine sale ntsholongwane ngokuchazwa yiklinikhi, okanye ke abo banesibalo iCD4 esingaphantsi kwama-200. Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngonyango ngamachiza alwa nolwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo nokuba ngubani na onokulufumana olu nyango kurhulumente, cofa apha.
Qwalasela: Izigulana eziphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ezingafikeleliyo kweli nqanaba lokufumana olu nyango lulodwa zinyangwa kwiklinikhi yentsholongwane kaGawulayo olufana neZiko Loluntu Lwezempilo.
Izigulana kufuneka zibe zihlala kwingingqqi yeGugulethu, ngingqi leyo iquka iNyanga East, iCrossroads kunye nePhilippi. Phambi kokuqaliswa kwale nkqubo yonyango, izigulana zizimasa iindibano ezintathu '"zokulungela olu nyango" apho zifunda banzi ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu, kwanangonyango olu neziphumo zalo. Le nkonzo inikezelwa simahla kwizigulana ezingenayo iMedical Aid, ngokomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente wezempilo.
Namphi na ugqirha okanye umongikazi onawo la magunyaangazithumela izigulana kweli ziko, asebenzise iphetshana lokuthumela izigulana elinokufumaneka xa licelwa kwezi nombolo zeminxeba zingezantsi apha. Abasebenzi besebe lezempilo abanamagunya okuthumela izigulana kufuneka banikezele ngeenkcukacha ezizizo zaseklinikhi ezifana nembali yempilo yesigulana eso, amayeza esisawasebenzisayo okwangoku, imeko yaso ngokwaseklinikhi kwakunye nesibalo sakhe seCD4 sangaphambili.
Ukususela ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu, ngentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni kuye kuma ngentsimbi yesine malanga.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Fingerprintsclearance.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ifumaneka kubantu abadinga ukuqonda ubume babo ngokobugebenga ngeenjongo zokulifulathela eli besiya kuhlala kwamanye amazwe okanye besiya kusebenza phesheya ixesha elide.
Kuyakukhutshwa isatifiketi esichazayo ukuba ngaba zikho na izenzo zobugebenga ezixelwe ngomenzi-sicelo.
Nangona nje iminwe iyakunyatheliswa kwizikhululo zamapolisa kwiindawo abahlala kuzo abenzi-sicelo, ukuphononongwa kwazo kunye nokukhutshwa kwesatifiketi kwenziwa kwiZiko laMapolisa lokuGcina iiNgxelo zeZenzo zoBugebenga e Pretoria, kuphela.
Thumela unyatheliso olupheleleyo lweminwe yakho , olwenziwe kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufuphi kuwe, kwiZiko laMapolisa lokuGcina iiNgxelo zeZenzo zoBugebenga. Qinisekisa ukuba igama lakho elipheleleyo, ifani, umhla wokuzalwa, indawo owazalelwa kuyo kunye nenombolo yesazisi , ziyabhalwa kwifom eneminwe enyathelisiweyo.
Phatha incwadi yakho yesazisi xa usiya esikhululweni samapolisa kuba kuyakufuneka ubungqina bolwaziso lwakho.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba ezinye izikhululo zamapolisa ziyakwamkela ezi zicelo ngexesha leeyure ze-ofisi kuphela.
Abemi baseMzantsi Afrika abahlala ngaphandle kweli lizwe bangenza izicelo kuso nasiphina isikhululo samapolisa kwelo lizwe bakulo, okanye kwiNdlu yoZakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika. Iminwe inganyatheliswa kwiifom ezigunyazisiweyo zokunyathelisa iminwe zelo lizwe bakulo. Ifom enyathelisa iminwe kufuneka ityikitywe ngulo mntu unyathelisa iminwe. Isicelo masikhatshwe lunyatheliso olupheleleyo lweminwe kunye nekopi yencwadi yesazisi okanye yepaspoti yomenzi-sicelo.
Isikhululo samapolisa siyakuthumela esi sicelo kwiZiko laMapolisa lokuGcina iiNgxelo zeZenzo zoBugebenga.
Intlawulo yale nkonzo ingenziwa ngetshekhi eqinisekiswe yibhanki okanye nge-odolo yemali elungiselelwe ukuhlawuleka kuMkomishina weNkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika.
Isatifiketi esiphuma emapoliseni esichaza ubume ngokobugebenga singaphinda sikhutshwe mahala ukubangaba sicelwe kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu zesicelo sokuqala. Njengoko izatifiketi zigcinwa kwiingxelo iinyanga ezilithoba kuphela, kuyakufuneka kuthunyelwe isicelo esitsha xa sele kuphele iinyanga ezilithoba.
Isatifiketi singakhutshwa kwisithuba seentsuku zokusebenza ezingama 28. Ezi zatifiketi zifunekayo ziyakuposelwa kumenzi-sicelo ngeposi yesiqhelo, ngaphandle kokuba kwenziwe amalungiselelo wokuya kuzithatha ubuqu okanye ngenqwelo ethuthela abantu ekuthiwa yi-courier kwiZiko laMapolisa lokuGcina iiNgxelo zeZenzo zoBugebenga.
Xa siphindwa ukukhutshwa isatifiketi, kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu, sikhutshwa mahala.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Firearmlicence.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abanqwenela ukubangabanikazi bemipu kufuneka baqale baphumelele uvavanyo loqeqesho oluqingqiweyo kwiziko loqeqesho elinoqinisekiso lokuvunywa nokwamkelwa kwaye bafumane isatifiketi sokuphumelela uqeqesho. Uluhlu lwamagama wamaziko oqeqesho anoqinisekiso lokuvunywa nokwamkelwa lugcinwa kwi-website ye-SAPS okanye ungatsalela umnxeba kwiZiko laMapolisa lokuTsalela uMnxeba leMipu yeLizwe kwinombolo ethi: +27 12 353 6111 okanye uthumele ifeksi e: +27 12 353 6036 ukuze ufumane inkcazelo.
Faka iziphakamiso zokuxhasa isicelo sakho ngokugcweleyo kwaye ufake imiqulu yokuxhasa esi sicelo.
IGosa eliSebenza ngeMipu liyakukunika isiqwengana sephepha lokuhlawula kwaye likuthumele kwi-Ofisi yezeMali kwisikhululo samapolisa ukuze uhlawule le mali ichaziweyo. Le ntlawulo mayenziwe ngekhetshi okanye ngetshekhi eqinisekiswe yibhanki. Uyakunikwa irisiti yenkcitho njengobungqina bentlawulo kwaye kufuneka uyise kwiGosa eliSebenza ngeMipu ukuze likwazi ukuqhubeka ngesicelo sakho.
Uyakufumana incwadi esayiniweyo evuma ukufunyanwa kwesicelo , njengobungqina bokuba ufake isicelo selayisensi yokubanompu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Fireprotectionassociations.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Abenzi-zicelo abanqwenela ukubhalisa basengafuneka bazalisekise imiqathango ethile phambi kobhaliso okanye emva kobhaliso. Oku kukwabandakanya imiqathango eboniswe kulungiso lomgaqo-siseko waMaqumrhu.
iinkcukacha zequmrhu lokukhusela umlilo elingumgqatswa iinkcukacha zomntu oqalisa inyathelo lobhaliso lwequmrhu lokukhusela umlilo elingumgqatswa isibhengezo sokuba akukho mnikazi okhethwe ngabom kubandakanyo kwiintlanganiso neengxoxo malunga nokusekwa kweli qumrhu lokukhusela umlilo iinkcukacha zommandla elinegunya lokusebenza kuwo eli qumrhu lokukhusela umlilo lingumgqatswa isibhengezo sokuba alikho elinye iqumrhu lokukhusela umlilo elijongiweyo okanye elikhoyo ngaphakathi kulo mmandla wequmrhu lokukhusela umlilo elingumgqatswa isibhengezo esenziwe ngumntu oqalisa inyathelo lokusekwa kwequmrhu lokukhusela umlilo isiphakamiso esenziwe ngummeli ofanelekileyo worhulumente wendawo yabahlali isiphakamiso esenziwe ngummeli wengingqi wesebe lezamanzi namahlathi isibhengezo esenziwe ngumqondisi oyintloko wengingqi weSebe lezaManzi naMahlathi.
Akunakuthabatha ngaphezulu kweentsuku zokusebenza ezingama 30 ukuze kuvavanywe isicelo sakho kwaye kubhaliswe iqumrhu ukubangaba yonke inkcazelo eyimfuneko inikiwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ForfishVessel.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Akukho nqanawa yelinye ilizwe iya kukhutshelwa ilayisenisi yaseMzantsi Afrika yokuloba ngaphandle kokuba iloba ihlangene nomnye uMnikazi waseMzantsi Afrika onelayisenisi yokuloba . Ngaphambi kokuqalisa imisebenzi yokuloba , makuqhagamshelwane neSebe leMicimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho , ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba ukunikwa imvume yokuloba kwenqanawa yokuloba kuya kuvumeleka kwelo candelo lithe ngqo lokuloba kwaye ngawaphi na amaxwebhu ayimfuneko ukulungiselela ukuvunywa kwesicelo esilolu hlobo.
Xa ngaba ngokomqathango kunikwa inkxaso ukusetyenziswa kwenqanawa yelinye ilizwe, umenzi-sicelo kufuneka ukuba afumane ifom yokwenza isicelo selayisenisi yokuloba yenqanawa yelizwe langaphandle kwi-ofisi ekufutshane yeSebe leMicimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho.
igama lenqanawa yokuloba igama neenkcukacha zenqanawa zomnikazi wenqanawa ukuba yinqanawa ekudityenwe ngayo kunye ngabemi belizwe langaphandle kunye nabemi boMzantsi Afrika umlinganiselo wamandla e-injini yenqanawa ubude nomthamo wenqanawa inombolo yokubhalisa yenqanawa ilizwe elinegunya lolawulo inqanawa ebhaliswe phantsi kwalo njengangoku ukuba.
Kwisicelo sakho, bonisa icandelo lokuloba apho inqanawa iya kusebenza khona kwakunya nexesha lokusebenza kwayo.
Ukuba inqanawa ayiyonqanawa ityunjiweyo ngokumalunga nenkqubo yokwabelwa amalungelo ngoko ke umenzi-sicelo kufuneka azalise ifom yokutshintshwa kwenqanawa Ukuze inqanawa ibenegunya lokuloba umenzi-sicelo kungafuneka azalise ifom yepemithi yokuloba ngokwecandelo inqanawa eza kuloba kulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.G.47578.2.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkxaso-mali Yomntwana Ogciniswe Okwexeshana Kubanye Abazali.
Ungayifumana inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana ngomntwana ngamnye ongaphantsi kweshumi elinanye leminyaka ubudala, ukuba ungoyena mntu umkhathaleleyo. Oyena mntu ukhathalele umntwana usenokuba ngumzali wakhe, unina-khulu okanye uyise-mkhulu okanye nabani na ojongene noxanduva lokukhulisa lo mntwana, akunyanzelekanga ukuba lo mntu abe lilungu losapho lomntwana.
Ungayifumana inkxaso-mali yomntwana oxhomekeke kunonophelo ngomntwana ngamnye ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyala futhi odinga unonophelo ngamaxesha onke ngenxa yokukhubazeka ngokwasenyameni okanye ngokwasengqondweni, ukuba phofu ungumzali wakhe okanye umntu axhomekeke kuye. Zombini ezi ntlobo zenkxaso-mali zixhomekeke ekubeni uhlupheke kangakanani.
Ungayifumana kanti nenkxaso-mali yomntwana ogciniswe kwabanye abazali okwexeshana ukuba uqeshwe ngokusemthethweni njengomzali wakhe okwexeshana yinkundla. Ukuyifumana le nkxaso-mali kuxhomekeke ekubeni umntwana lowo uhlupheke kangakanani na, HAYI ekubeni wena uhlupheke kangakanani.
Awunakuyifumana inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana KWAKUNYE nenkxaso-mali yomntwana oxhomekeke kunonophelo ngaxesha-nye; ukuba umntwana wakho ukhubazekile kufuneka ufake isicelo senkxaso-mali yomntwana oxhomekeke kunonophelo, njengoko isixa sayo singaphezulu kwesenkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana. Kusenjalo, UNGANAKHO ukufumana inkxaso-mali yomntwana ogciniswe kubanye abazali okwexeshana kwanenkxaso-mali yomntwana oxhomekeke kunonophelo, ukuba ungakwazi ukuzifumana zombini.
Inkam-nkam yamagqala emfazwe.
Inkam-nkam yobudala ifunyanwa ngamakhosikazi angaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eminyaka ubudala namadoda angaphezulu kwamashumi amathandathu anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala. Inkam-nkam yokukhubazeka yeyabantu abadala abangaphezu kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala abangenakuphangela ngenxa yoko kukhubazeka. Ukuba wakhubazeka ngenxa yengozi emsebenzini, unganakho ukufumana imbuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo Yeengozi Zengqondo okanye Zomzimba. Ukuba wakhubazeka ngenxa yengozi yesithuthi, unganakho ukufumana imbuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela.
Inkam-nkam yamagqala emfazwe yeyabantu abadala abangaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eminyaka ubudala okanye nabani na ongakwazi kusebenza ngenxa yokukhubazeka, futhi owalwa kwiMfazwe Yokuqala okanye Eyesibini Yehlabathi okanye kwiMfazwe yaseKorea. Awunakufumana zibe mbini kwezi nkam-nkam zabantu abadala ngaxesha-nye; ukuba uligqala lemfazwe kufuneka ufake isicelo senkam-nkam yamagqala emfazwe njengoko ingaphezulu nje kancinci ngesixa kwezi zimbini, zixabisa ngokulinganayo.
ISebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu lingabonelela ngoncedo lwexeshana kwiimeko zeentlekele ngewonga lemali elibizwa ngokuba "liwonga lokuphelisa intlungu enkulu". Eli wonga lelabantu abangakwazi kubonelela iintsapho zabo ngeemfuno ezingundoqo ngenxa yentlekele yexeshana.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.G.47578.3.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ubukhe waphangela ngaphambili, ungaya kulanda isibonelelo sentswela-ngqesho sakho kwi-UIF ukuba wawuqeshwe ixesha elingaphezu kweentsuku ezilishumi elinesine. Ukuba awuzange waphangela ngaphambili, awukwazi tu ukufaka ibango kule ngxowa-mali.
Wonke ubani osebenza ixesha elingaphezu kweeyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngenyanga umelwe kukubhalisa kwi-UIF ze enze negalelo le 1% lomvuzo wakhe (lidibene namagalelo aphuma kumqeshi wakhe) esiya kwi-UIF. Ukuba ubusoloko ufaka igalelo kule ngxowa-mali, ungafaka isicelo samabango ukuba uthi uphelelwe ngumsebenzi (ukuba uthe wagxothwa okanye wadendwa, kodwa hayi xa uziyekele). Kufuneka ufake ibango lezibonelelo zakho zeUIF kwiinyanga nje ezintandathu ungasasebenzi.
Ukuba ungafaka ibango lesixa-mali esingakanani nexesha elingakanani kuxhomekeke ekubeni usebenze ixesha elingakanani futhi urhola kangakanani na. Ungafumana isibonelelo sosuku olunye ngeentsuku ezintandathu ozisebenzileyo, ukuya kuma kwiintsuku ezingama-238 (ozifumanayo xa usebenze iminyaka emine). Awunakho ukufaka ibango laso nasiphi na isibonelelo nangaliphi na ixesha olisebenze ngexesha ubuzifumanela inkam-nkam ephuma kwiSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu.
Ukuba uburhola ngaphezu kwama-R8099 ngenyanga ngexesha ubusaphangela, uya kufumana isixa esiqingqiweyo esili-R101,18 ngosuku. Ukuba ubufumana ngaphantsi kwama-R8099, isixa sesibonelelo siya kuba phakathi kwama-38% nama-60% zomvuzo owawuwufumana: ubuncinci bomvuzo owawuwufumana ngoko buthetha ukunyuka kweepesenti zesixa oya kusifumana kule ngxowa-mali. Umzekelo, ukuba uburhola iR1000 ngenyanga, uya kufumana iR17,38 ngosuku.
I-UIF ingafakelwa ibango liqabane okanye abantwana/abantu abebexhomekeke kumsebenzi othe wasutywa kukufa. Usenokusifumana isibonelelo seUIF ukuba awukwazi kusebenza ngenxa yempilo enkene-nkene (ukuya kuma kwiinyanga ezintandathu kodwa unike ingqalelo naluphi na usuku ongaluphangelanga ngenxa yokugula). Ungasifumana nesibonelelo somntu okhulelweyo xa unomntwana, okanye isibonelelo sokwamkela umntwana njengowakho ukuba uthi unikwe umntwana njengowakho ukuba umntwana lowo ungaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ubudala futhi kufuneka uthabathe ixesha ungaphangeli ujongene nomntwana lo. Ngumzali omnye kuphela onokufumana izibonelelo. Kufuneka ufake isicelo sesibonelelo sokukhulelwa ubuncinci iiveki ezisibhozo phambi kokuzalwa komntwana. Kufuneka ufake isicelo sesibonelelo sokwamkelwa komntwana njengomntwana omtsha weli khaya kwiinyanga nje ezintandathu emva komyalelo wokudluliselwa komntwana kuwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.G.47578.4.4.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungumqeshwa (umsebenzi) yaye ufumene ingozi emsebenzini ekhokelela ekukhubazekeni kwakho ixeshana okanye isigxina, ungafumana imbuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Eyimbuyekezo Yabantu Abonzakele Empangelweni. Nabani na ongene kwisivumelwano esibophelelayo sokunikezela ngeeenkonzo nomqeshi, ngaphandle komsebenzi wasemakhitshini oqeshwe kwikhaya labucala, uyabuyekezwa. Ingozi leyo kufuneka ichazwe ngokosuku eyehle ngalo, ixesha nendawo yaye kufuneka ibe yenzeke ngqo ngenxa yomsebenzi owuqeqshelwe apho.
Kwimeko apho ukhubazeke wonke umzimba kodwa okwexeshana, ungayifumana imbuyekezo elingana namashumi asixhenxe eepesenti zomvuzo wakho wenyanga, ukuya kuma kuma-R2 868,00 ngeveki.
Kwimeko apho ukhubazeke isigxina, apho inqanaba lokukhubazeka lifika kuma-30% okanye ngaphantsi, ungafumana isithonga sesixa-mali (esiyintlawulo enye) esiqhele ukuwuphinda-phinda kali-15 umvuzo wakho wenyanga. Kwimeko apho ukukhubazeka kusisigxina, apho ubungakanani bokukhubazeka kwakho bungama-30% okanye ngaphantsi, ungasifumana isixa-mali (esiyintlawulo enye) esiqhele ukuwuphinda-phinda kalishumi elinesihlanu umvuzo wakho. Kusenjalo, esona sixa-mali sincinci ngama-R20 385, oko ke ibe kukuphinda-phindwa kalishumi elinesihlanu kwe-R1359,00 (ukuba wamkela ngaphantsi kwe-R1359 uya kufumana amaR20 385). Esona sixa-mali sikhulu ngama-R104 445,00, oko ibe kukuphinda-phindwa kalishumi elinesihlanu kwama-R6 963,00.
Ukuba ubuzaza bokukhubazeka kwakho bulingana nama-31% okanye ngaphezulu, awuyi kufumana sithonga sasixa-mali, endaweni yoko uya kufumana umhlala-phantsi ngenyanga nganye. Isixa-mali somhlala-phantsi wenyanga ukuba ukhubazeke ngokugqibeleleyo, isigxina, ungakwazi kuzenzela nto (oko ke kukuthi 100%), silingana nama-75% esixa somvuzo ubuwamkela ngenyanga. Ukuba ubuzaza bokukhubazeka bungaphantsi kwe-100%, isixa-mali sokukhubazeka siya kwehliswa sibe ngaphantsi kweso sibekelwe umntu okhubazeke ngokugqibeleleyo. Ukuba ingeniso yomqeshwa li-R1 359 ngenyanga nangaphantsi, umhlala-phantsi uya kubalwa ngokubhekiselele kule R1 359. Esona sixa-mali sincinci somhlala-phantsi xa umqeshwa ekhubazeke ngokugqibeleyo isigxina, li-R1 019, 25 ngenyanga.
umhlala-phantsi olingana nama-40% esixa-mali somhlala-phantsi umfi lowo ebeza kuwufumana, ukuba ebekhubazeke ngokugqibeleleyo isigxina.
Apho umqeshwa athi asutywe kukufa, umntwana wakhe ngamnye ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo ubudala umelwe kukufumana inkam-nkam yenyanga elingana nama-20% omhlala-phantsi ebiza kuhlawulwa loo mzali wabo ungasekhoyo ukuba ebekhubazeke ngokugqibeleleyo isigxina, ukuya kuma kubantwana abathathu kuphela. Esona sixa-mali senkam-nkam sikhulu esinokunikwa iqabane nabantwana baloo mqeshwa usutywe kukufa xa sidibene ngama-R9 321,00 ngenyanga.
Zonke iintlawulo ezihlawulekayo zonyango nezothutho ezidalwe yiloo ngozi nazo ziyahlawulwa yiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo.
Ungasifaka isicelo sembuyekeozo kwiNgxowa-mali kulo naliphi na elinye lala maziko emicimbi yabasebenzi.
Ingaba le mbuyekezo iyichaphazela njani inkxaso-mali yeSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Uya kuba nakho ukufumana inkxaso-mali yokukhubazeka ephuma kwiSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu nembuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo kuphela ukuba isixa-mali sokukhubazeka kwakho sincinci kangangokuba usengakwazi ukufumana inkxaso-mali yokukhubazeka ngokwemilinganiselo yemeans test. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba umvuzo wakho (kuquka nembuyekezo yokukhubazeka kwakho) ungaphantsi kwe-R1 410 ngenyanga, usenakho nokufumana inkxaso-mali yokukhubazeka?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.G.47578.5.5.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
INgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela yasekelwa ukuhlawula imbuyekezo kubantu abonzakele okanye abasutywe kukufa kwiingozi zeendlela ngenxa yokuqhutywa ngokungenankathalo kweenqwelo-mafutha eMzantsi Afrika. Le ngxowa-mali yasekwa kuba indlela yangaphambili eyayinyanzelisa abaqhubi ukuba babe ne-insurance xa kufakwa izimangalo zamabango embuyekezo ngabantu ababonzakalise ngenxa yokuqhuba kwabo ngendlela engenankathalo, yayingasebenzi kuba iinkampani ze-insurance zazingabi nakho ukuwahlawula onke amabango.
Le ndlela yatshintshwa ukuze endaweni yale insurance isisinyanzeliso, kubekho ingxowa-mali, efumana imali yayo kwirhafu yeentengiso zamafutha ezithuthi. Abantu bangawenza amabango embuyekezo kule ngxowa-mali ukuba bonzakele kwingozi yenqwelo-mafutha ngenxa yokuqhuba ngokungakhathali. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba awusenakho ukumangalela umqhubi wenqwelo-mafutha ongenankathalo ngokwenzakala kwakho, endaweni yoko, ufaka ibango kule ngxowa-mali ngokungathali kwakhe.
Ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yenqwelo-mafutha usemsebenzini oko ke kuthethe ukuba unebango kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo Kwiingozi Zasemsebenzini, kufuneka uqale wenze elo bango ubone ukuba liyakhatywa na phambi kokuba wenze ibango kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela ukuba ihlawule nantoni na engahlawulwanga yiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo. Nayiphi na imbuyekezo ehlawulwe yiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela iya kuthathela ingqalelo naziphi na iintlawulo owazenza kwi-UIF, xa ibala ingeniso ekupheleleyo ngenxa yale ngozi.
Kufuneka wenze isicelo sakho kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela kwiminyaka nje emibini emva kosuku lwengozi owonzakala kuyo. Ungalenza ngokwakho ibango ngokuthi ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo uForm 1 ze ungenise nazo zonke iimpepha ezifunekayo; okanye ungacela igqwetha ukuba likuncede kwelo bango. Khumbula ke kodwa ukuba igqwetha liya kufuna intlawulo ngeenkonzo zalo, ntlawulo leyo iya kuphuma kwisixa sembuyekezo oya kuyifumana kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela. Oku kuthetha ukuba akudingeki ukuba ulihlawule ngoko nangoko igqwetha, kodwa ke isixa semali oyifumanayo siya kucuthwa yintlawulo yegqwetha elo.
Isixa-mali esiqingqiweyo esihlawulwa kwibango lengozi yendlela yiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela sixhomekeke kwiindleko zakho zonyango, ukuphelelwa kwakho yingeniso (ngaphambi kwengozi nakwixesha elisezayo) ukukhubazeka kwakho kwaneentlungu nokusokola kwakho. Isixa esasihlawulwa ngo-2001 kwibango ngalinye yayingama-R28 318,00; khumbula ukuba esi sisixa sebango elikhulu namanye amabango amancinci amaninzi; isixa esihlawulwe kwityala lakho siya kuxhomekeka ngokupheleleyo ekubeni wonzakele kangakanani na nokuba yingeniso engakanani othe waphulukana nayo ngenxa yaloo ngozi.
Ingaba imbuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela iya kuyichaphazela njani inkxaso-mali ephuma kwiSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Ukuba, xa kuqwalaselwa nayiphi na imbuyekezo oyifumana kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela, ingeniso yakho isengaphantsi kwesixa esibekwe liSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu ngokwemigaqo yemeans test, usenokukwazi ukufumana enye yeenkxaso-mali eziphuma kwiSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba ingeniso yakho (kuquka nembuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela) isengaphantsi kwe-R1 410 ngenyanga, usenakho nokuba kwimo yokufumana inkam-nkam yokukhubazeka?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. GiveNoticeofabirth.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
UMthetho wokuLungisa wokuBhaliswa kokuZalwa nokuBhubha , umisela ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana ozelwe ephilile kufuneka kuxelwe kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 30 emva kokuzalwa komntwana.
Isaziso sokuzalwa kufuneka sifakwe ngomnye wabazali okanye ngumntu ongumlondolozi ngokwasemthethweni, kwaye ukubangaba abazali okanye umntu ongumlondolozi ngokwasemthethweni abakwazi ukwenza njalo, umntu ocelwe ngomnye wabazali okanye ngumntu ongumlondolozi ngokwasemthethweni, angasifaka isaziso.
Hambisa ifom yeSaziso sokuZalwa kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya.
Umntu ocelwe ukuba afake isaziso kufuneka abenomyalelo obhaliweyo wokwenza njalo, ekufuneka ubandakanye izizathu zokuba kutheni abazali bengenako ukufaka isaziso ngokwabo.
Ukubangaba umntwana uzalelwe ngaphandle koMzantsi Afrika, kwaye omnye wabazali ungummi waseMzantsi Afrika ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana, oku kuzalwa kungaziswa kwiNdlu yoZakuzo yaseMzantsi Afrika, kwiZiko loNxulumano noMzantsi Afrika, okanye kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya eMzantsi Afrika.
Kwisaziso esenziwe emva kweentsuku ezingama 30 zokuzalwa, kodwa phambi konyaka emva kokuzalwa, abazali okanye umntu ongumlondolozi ngokwasemthethweni, mabanike izizathu zokuba kutheni ukuzalwa kungabhaliswanga kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 30 njengoko kuyimfuneko ngokoMthetho.
Ukubangaba abazali abatshatanga kwaye banqwenela ukubhalisa umntwana ngefani kayise, uyise womntwana makavume ukubanguyise walo mntwana kwisithuba esilungiselelwe oko kwifom yeSaziso sokuZalwa. Utata womntwana makabekhona xa kubhaliswa ukuzalwa.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. GrantApplication.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze uvumeleke, kufuneka ube ungumntu owayekade edlelwa indlala ubeneminyaka yobudala eli 18 okanye ngaphezulu ube ujonge ukusebenzisa umhlaba ngeenjongo zezolimo kuphela ube ujonge ukubangumfama ngokupheleleyo ube awunasikhundla osibambileyo kumacandelo karhulumente uzimisele ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yoqeqesho emva kokuba ufumene umhlaba ubekwimeko yokuba ungenza igalelo ubeliqumrhu elakhiwe ngokwamacandelo ukubangaba nenza isicelo ningumbutho, kwaye ubene-akhawunti yebhanki.
Chaza umhlaba ofuna ukuwuthenga. Kungenjalo, mhlawumbi sele unawo umhlaba, ofana nomhlala onabanikazi abawudibaneleyo.
Nxulumana neSebe lezeMihlaba okanye igosa lendawo ohlala kuyo lesihlomelo sezolimo ukuze wenze isicelo segranti.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Guidelines_manuals_and_instructions.U.92743.92743.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ulawulo Lwezibonelelo Zoluntu zingayo yonke imiba engabasebenzi bakho, ukusuka ekubatsaleleni ukuba babe ngabasebenzi bakho ukuya kuma kwizikhalazo nokupheliswa kwempangelo.
Mangaphi amaxesha okhe uve amashishini esithi eyona mpahla yawo ibalulekileyo ngabasebenzi Ngokubanzi, oku ke kuyinyaniso, kodwa ke uyikhuthaza njani le mpahla ukuze iqhubekeke zifaka igalelo elinexabiso kwishishini lakho?
Imivuzo neentlawulo ozinika abasebenzi bakho kufuneka zibe semgangathweni. Kufuneka wazi ukuba ishishini lakho lingakwazi ukuhlawula kangakanani na nokuba imigangatho yeentlawulo nemivuzo kwicandelo lamashishini afana nelo lakho ime phi na. Ukuba akukwazi kuhlawula njengoko amashishini okhuphisana nawo esenza, kufuneka ubanike ezinye iindlela zokubakhuthaza abasebenzi bakho ezisekelwe kwingeniso yeshishini elo.
Kufuneka ube nesibhambathiso sengqesho esibhalwer phantsi kuye wonke umsebenzi wakho, futhi kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba bayayiqonda imithetho yomsebenzi wabo.
nokungaphangeli intlawulo yokugula ukungasebenzi ngokwemnigangatho elindelekileyo iinkqubo zezikhalazo.
Nika ingqawalasela kumba wokuba kunokwenzeka ntoni na ukuba umntu othile obalulekileyo kwishishini lakho unokuthi ngesiquphe angabi nakukwazi ukuphangela ixesha elide. Ukuba oku kunokuba yintlekele, kufuneka ukhusele ishishini lakho kwiimeko zokungabi nakufumana iingeniso ezithile, ukuze ube nokuhlala ushishina ngesiqhelo de abuye loo mntu okanye ke ungaqeqesha omnye umntu endaweni yalowo.
Izibonelelo zoluntu licandelo elidinga izakhono ezisemgathweni, ngokuya likhula ishishini lakho, nezibonelelo zakho zoluntu ziya kuphuhla. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi xa kulixesha lokufumanela ishishini lakho uqeqesho olusemgangathweni lweZibonelelo Zoluntu. Xa ishishini lifikelela kwinqanaba elithile ngokobukhulu, usenokubona kunyanzelekile ukuba uqeshe uMphathi wezibonelelo zoluntu.
Ukuba ishishini lakho lifikelela kwimeko apho kufuneka abasebenzi bephulukene nemisebenzi yabo okanye ishishini lona buqu lisemngciphekweni wokufa, futhi inokubaonakaliswa ukuba ukuba oku kuthi kwnezeke, kuya kuchaphazela amashishini aloo ngingqi, loo mmandla okanye elo candela loshishino kwisizwe sonke, ungathi ufake isicelo senkxaso-mali kurhulumente, ncedo olo lubizwa njenge-Ngxowa-mali Yocwangciso Loluntu.
Olu ncedo luquka iinkcukacha neenkonzo kubasebenzi abadendiweyo nabaqeshi. Injongo yezo nkcukacha kukuzama ukubuyisela abasebenzi abadendiweyo kwingqesho.
Oku kulungele kakhulu amashishini amakhulu okanye iintlobo zamashishini ezifana nezempahla enxitywayo, ezezimbiwa okanye ezoqhagamshelwano ngobugcisa beminxeba apho abasebenzi banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokudendwa xa uqoqosho lwehlabathi luchaphazela elo shishini kabuhlungu ngamandla.
Kusenjalo, kubalulekile ukuba wazi ngeNgxowa-mali Yocwangciso Loluntu, nokuba sele uneshishinana elincinci.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Guidelines_xhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ncedani niqinisekise ukuba nizifundile kwaye niyaziqonda ezi zikhokelo zingezantsi phambi kokuba niqalise ukuqulunqa isicwangciso seenkonzo.
Kulo nyaka-mali, iSebe lethu liza kuqinisa kumaphulo alo okuguqula unikezelo lweenkonzo zoluntu. Undoqo wesicwangciso sethu seenguqu ngumba ongxamisekileyo wokukhawulelana neemfuno zabantu abangabona bahlelelekileyo eluntwini. Siza kuphonononga izicwangciso zeenkonzo zemibutho esiyinikeze inkxaso-mali kunye nemibutho emitsha ukuze sikhangele ukuba ihambelana kangakanani na nombono wethu weenguqu.
Ingaba inkonzo/iinkonzo kuza kubonelelwa ngazo kwindawo/kwiindawo ezizesona zidinga uncedo?
Ngobani abantu ekujoliswe kubo Ingaba abantu abahluphekileyo, abo basengozini kunye nabo baneemfuno ezikhethekileyo babandakanyiwe kweli qela kujoliswe kulo?
Ingaba inkonzo ekunikezelwa ngayo iyaphuhlisa na Ingaba iyaluqwalasela na uqeqesho lwabantu kunye okanye ukuxhotyiswa kwabantu beqela ekujoliswe kulo?
Ingaba inkqubo iza kuba negalelo ekuxhotyisweni kweqela ekujoliswe kulo ngendlela eza kuqinisekisa ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo ziza kuncedakala nazo?
Ingaba inkonzo okanye iprojekthi iza kubonakalisa izithethe zoluntu oluthile?
Ingaba lwenziwe unxibelelwano - kunye namaqela abandakanyekayo kwakunye ne-ofisi yesithili yeSebe lengingqi - ukuqwalasela iimfuno zoluntu ngendlela evelela zonke iinkalo nephulo ekubanjisenweyo ngalo?
Ingaba inkqubo yenu iyalubandakanya na uthintelo nokungenelela kwangethuba?
Ingaba inkonzo yenu iyahambelana na neenjongo eziphambili zikwazwelonke, ezePhondo kunye nezo zeSebeKuxoxeni oku kunye ne-ofisi yenu yesithili?
Masifundisiswe esi Sicwangciso soMgaqo-nkqubo oPhuhlisayo weNtlalontle yoLuntu osaYilwayo. Nisenako ukufumanisa iingxaki xa nigcwalisa isicwangciso seenkonzo esifanelekileyo sokuhlolwa kweSebe ukuba ngaba anisifundanga nasiqonda iSicwangciso soMgaqo-nkqubo osaYiwayo. Olu xwebhu luyafumaneka kwi-ofisi yenu yasengingqini (bhekisani kuluhlu oluqhotyoshelweyo lweedilesi zee-ofisi zezithili: kwiphepha lama-27). Ninako nokuba ningacela ikopi yoxwebhu lukazwelonke loMgaqo-nkqubo wamaBhaso ezeMali.
Landelani imiyalelo ekwiSicwangciso seeNkonzo. Zonke iinkcukacha ezibuziweyo zibalulekile kwaye kumele ukuba zinikezwe. Ukuba ngaba kukho imfuneko yokunikeza ezinye iinkcukacha, zinganikezwa ezi nkcukacha ngokuthi ziqhotyoshelwe njengezihlomelo kwisicwangciso seenkonzo, kuchazwe ngokucacileyo ukuba zibhekisa kowuphi na umhlathi.
Ncedani niqhagamshelane ne-ofisi yenu yesithili ukuze nicaciselwe ukuba ngaba nifumanisa iingxaki kuyo nayiphi ina into kwezi zikhankanyiweyo ngasentla.
Ii-ofisi zezithili zeSebe zihlola iimfuno nokusilela kwazo, zikhangele nokuba yeyiphi imimandla eyiyeyona idinga iinkonzo kakhulu, kwimimandla elisebenza kuyo iSebe. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba nibonisane ne-ofisi yesithili yenu ukuze niqinisekise ukuba iinkonzo enibonelela ngazo ziyahambelana neemfuno zemimandla ye-ofisi yesithili.
Izicwangciso zeenkonzo zinako ukuthunyelwa ngeposi okanye zingeniswe ngesandla kwi-OFISI YESITHILI yeSebe leeNkonzo zoLuntu nokuDanjiswa kweNtlupheko, ekummandla we-ofisi yenu/weziko lenu. Uluhlu lwee-Ofisi zeZithili luqhotyoshelwe. Ncedani nibhale ngokucacileyo kwimvulophu ukuba SISICWANGCISO SEENKONZO senu esi singaphakathi. IZicwangciso zeeNkonzo AKUMELANGA ukuba zingeniswe okanye ziposelwe kwi-Ofisi kaNdlunkulu eKapa.
Luqobo lwesicwangciso seenkonzo kuphela ekufuneka ukuba luthunyelwe kwi-ofisi yesithili. Ncedani nigcine ikopi yesicwangciso seenkonzo senu ukuze iSebe likwazi ukusihlola nokusibeka esweni, nokuze nani nibe nayo kwiirekhodi zenu, nizokukwazi ukusiphumeza.
Sikhetha ukuba niwadibanise amaphepha (staple) ezicwangciso zeenkonzo. Oku kwenziwa kuba i-ofisi yeSithili kufuneka ukuba yenze iikopi zazo zonke izicwangciso zeenkonzo kulungiselelwa uphicotho kundlunkulu kwaye ezinye iindlela zokuwadibanisa la maxwebhu zenza ukuba kube nzima kuthathe nexesha elide ukuwakopa la maxwebhu.
Umhla wokungeniswa kwamaxwebhu uza kuchazwa rhoqo ngonyaka kwii-ofisi zezithili, nakuyo yonke imibutho eyaziwayo liSebe, noluntu ngokubanzi luzifumane ezi nkcukacha kumajelo eendaba.
Umbutho olawula iintlobo ezahlukileyo zeenkonzo, umz. iziko leenkonzo kunye nekhaya labantu abadala, okanye iinkonzo zokukhathalela abantwana neentsapho emini, UMELE ukuba kwixa elizayo ufake isicwangciso seenkonzo ngenkonzo nganye obonelela ngayo kwezi nkonzo zawo. ISebe, ngaphambili beluwuvumela umbutho ukuba ungenise isicwangciso esinye sazo zonke iinkonzo obonelela ngazo ukuba ngaba iinkonzo ezahlukileyo bezilawulwa ngohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olunye. Njengoko iSebe litshintshela kwenye indlela yezimali esebenzisa ii-cost centre ngoku, le ndlela yakudala yenza ukuba kube nzima ukuzihlola iinkqubo. Abasebenzi be-ofisi yesithili kufuneka ukuba baphonononge zonke iinkonzo ezikwiindawo abasebenza kuzo bahlole ukuba ngaba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lungaba luyahambelana na nezicwangciso ezenziweyo. Ngenxa yoko, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oludityanisiweyo lwenza ukuba kube nzima ukukwenza oku.
IPHEPHA ELINGAPHANDLE: I-Ofisi yeSithili - chazani ukuba ngaba umbutho wenu ufumaneka phi na nokuba zeziphi na iinkonzo eniza kubonelela ngazo. Ukuba ngaba nibonelela ngeenkonzo kwimimandla yezithili ezininzi, chazani ukuba ziphi na ezo ofisi zezithili zahlukileyo (umz., eKapa, e-Athlone naseWynberg).
Sidinga idilesi yesitalato echanekileyo - ukutsho oko, indawo echanekileyo omi kuyo umbutho wenu okanye iziko lenu - ukuze sikwazi ukuhlaziya iinkcukacha esinazo zoovimba beenkcukacha beSebe kwakunye nabo beZemali. Kuyenzeka rhoqo ukuba imbalelwano ebithunyelwe kwimibutho ibuyiselwe kwi-ofisi kandlunkulu ngenxa yokutshintshwa kweedilesi zeposi zemibutho, libe lingachazelwanga iSebe ngokutshintshwa kwazo. Ukuba ngaba ayithunyelwa ngeedilesi zezitalato kwindawo enikuyo iposi, okanye nifumanisa iingxaki ngokuthunyelwa kweposi kwiidilesi zezitalato, ncedani nisebenzise enye idilesi, kodwa ibe yidilesi ethembekileyo.
Kudla ngokubakho imfuneko yokuba kuqhagamshelwane nombutho ukuze kucaciswe imiba ethile kwisicwangciso seenkonzo, ngenxa yoku kuye kudingeke igama lomsebenzi/lomanejala wolawulo.
ISebe lizimisele ekuqhubeni iinguqu kwiinkonzo zoluntu nasekuphumezeni imimiselo ye-Batho Pele. Amaqela eCandelo loMlawuli woHlolo noPhononongo ahlola yonke imibutho ngokobume bayo, iibhodi zolawulo zayo, ulawulo lwezemali kunye nobonelelo lweenkonzo. Imibuzo ekula macandelo ezicwangciso zeenkonzo ibonakalisa izinto ezihlolwayo xa kuqhutywa le nkqubo. Sifuna ukuba imibutho iyithathele ingqalelo le mibuzo kwaye izikise kwiimpendulo zayo, kwaye imibutho engahlolwanga ngamaqela e-M & E, iqalise ukucamngca ngezi nguqu njengenxalenye yenkqubo yeenguqu eququzelelwa leli Sebe.
Kweli candelo, sinigqalisa kwiimfuneko zomthetho: amaxwebhu abalulekileyo xa kuphunyezwa isicelo senu senkxaso-mali. Ncedani niqinisekise ukuba iikopi zamaxwebhu afunekayo ziqhotyoshelwe kwisicwangciso seenkonzo ukuze kuthintelwe ukulibaziseka xa kuqwalaselwa isicwangciso senu seenkonzo.
Ubulungu besigqeba solawulo kumele ukuba buvuleleke kuzo zonke iintlanga nezini. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuqeqeshwa nokuxhotyiswa kwamalungu kwaye kumele ukuba kuhoywe. ISebe lifuna ukucebisa imibutho ukuba ngokwemimiselo yeenkqubo zezimali, kucetyiswa ukuba amalungu osapho olunye makangabikho kwizikhundla zekomiti yolawulo enye/ibhodi enye; oku kubhekisa nasekugunyazisweni kokufikelela kwiinkqubo zebhanki zekhompyutha, okanye ukutyikitywa kweetsheki.
Umbuzo 7.2: ISebe lifuna ukwazi inani labasebenzi abangamagcisa abaqeshwe kwicandelo lezentlalontle yoluntu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iinkonzo zisasazwa ngokulinganayo, nokuba abasebenzi benkxaso bayakuhlola ukulingana engqeshweni ngokwithetho yabaSebenzi ewisiweyo.
Ukuba ngaba ninenkqubo yogcino-zincwadi eqhutywa ngokwemimiselo nemigangatho eyamkelekileyo yoLawulo lweziMali, kuza kufuneka ukuba nigcwalise iphepha 8, umhlathi 18.1.
Kodwa ukuba ngaba nidinga uncedo, ukukhokelwa noqeqesho ukumisela le nkqubo ukuze nithobele umthetho, kumele ukuba nigcwalise iphepha 9, umhlathi 18.2.
Umbuzo 19. Ukubhengezwa kwenxaxheba ethatyathwayo neenkqubo: Le fomu kumele ukuba igcwaliswe ngabo bonke abantu ababandakanyekayo eku-odolweni, ekuthengweni, ekwamkeleni okanye ekutyikityeleni istokhwe/iimpahla/izixhobo/ukutya, njalo njalo. Kumele ukuba ityikitywe nangabo bantu batyikitya iitsheki zombutho okanye banegunya lokungena kwi-intanethi baqhube iinkqubo zokubhankisha ngekhompyutha. Umhlathi 9, icandelo 2.
Oku kusenokwenzeka kuba umntu usenokuba uneshishini anokuthi ngethenda okanye ngenkqubo yoqingqo-maxabiso abonelele umbutho okanye kubekho nto imnxulumanisa nomboneleli, kufuneke ke ngoko ukuba azikhwebule xa kuxoxwa okanye xa kunikezelwa ngale thenda okanye kunikezwa amanani oqingqo-maxabiso.
ISicwangciso soMgaqo-nkqubo oPhuhlisayo weNtlalontle yoLuntu osaYilwayo (uyilo lwesi-2) siyazichaza "iiProwudakhthi" kunye "neMiba eQwalaselwayo" kwaye niza kuzikhetha ezi zinto ngokwezicwangciso zenu. IiProwudakthi kunye neMiba eQwalaselwayo zibonakalisa ucwangciso olubanzi. Kufuneka ke ngoko ukuba niyibalule iMisebenzi ukuze nikwazi ukuphumeza ucwangciso lwenu kakuhle nangokuchanekileyo ukuze yonke imisebenzi zenu ibe nako ukuba ingalinganiswa, ibe inokubekwa esweni nokuba ibe ingahlolwa ekupheleni konyaka-mali.
ISebe lifuna ukukhuthaza imibutho ukuba icinge ngesicwangciso seenkonzo njengesiphumo senkqubo yokwenziwa kwezicwangciso-qhinga zokubonelela ngeenkonzo ngenkqubo emanyanisiweyo.
Umbuzo 32 nowama-33: Kufuneka kuhlolwe indawo apho iinkonzo ziza kunikezelwa khona. Oku kungenziwa ngenkqubo esesikweni yokuhlolwa kweemfuno okanye ngeengxoxo kunye namanye amaqela abandakanyekayo, oogunyaziwe bengingqi, iinkokeli zoluntu okanye imibutho yoluntu. Kumbuzo 32 kufuneka nilazi inani labantu abaseluntwini, abaneengxaki ezithile, umz., amanani abantu abachatshazelwa bubudlova basemakhaya, abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emithandathu, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweziyobisi, njalo njalo. Kwabo bantu baninzi niza kukwazi ukubonelela ngeenkonzo kangangepesenti ethile kuphela ngonyaka kwaye kufuneka ukuba eli nani labantu lohlulahlulwe ngokwendawo nganye kummandla ongowona mncinane unokufumaneka.
Umbuzo 34: Sebenzisani umzobo ukucalu-calula imisebenzi njengoko kuchaziwe: uhlobo nenani labantu abaza kubandakanyeka kuloo msebenzi kunye nohlobo lwabasebenzi okanye amavoluntiya aza kuphumeza loo msebenzi okanye ancedise kuloo msebenzi wenziwayo. Ukuba ngaba loo msebenzi wenziwayo luhlobo lomsebenzi owenziwa amaxesha amaninzi ngonyaka, umz., umsebenzi owenziwa liqela labantu, okanye ikhosi yophuliso lwezakhono, chazani ngokucacileyo ukuba lo msebenzi uza kuphindwa kangaphi na ngonyaka. Kwindawo ebuza "ngesiphumo" yithani gqaba gqaba ukuba nijonge ukuphumeza ntoni na ngalo msebenzi (iza kuba yintoni na ifuthe lawo/isiphumo/impembelelo yawo).
UHLAHLO LWABIWO-MALI: Ncedani niqaphele ukuba iNkcitho okanye iNgeniso ebuziweyo kwikholam yokuqala kumele ukuba ibe yeyonyaka-mali wonke, kulemeko unyaka-mali ususela kumhla woku-1 ku-Epreli 2004 ukuya kutsho kowama-31 kuMatshi 2005. Kufuneka kucaciswe kakuhle ukuba ucwangciso lwemisebenzi lunxulumana njani na nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Balani iindleko zemisebenzi kunye nezinye iindleko zolawulo nize nizibhale kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ingakumbi ezo ndleko zenkcitho yeenkqubo zibhalwe kuMba wesi-5 wohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. 'Iziphungo' zibhekisa ekutyeni (amaqebengwana), kwiti/ikofu ephungiswe abantu xa kukho iintlanganiso, kwiinkampu, kwiindibano zolutsha okanye kwimisebenzi yolutsha apho iqela ekujoliswe kulo libandakanyekayo khona.
Abasebenzi kumele ukuba babandakanywe xa kuqingqwa amaxabiso emisebenzi okanye iinkonzo.
Umbuzo 27.6: Ncedani nifake ikopi yeengxelo zenu zezimali eziphicothiweyo ukuba ngaba ziyafumaneka. Ukuba ngaba azifumaneki, qhoboshelani ingxelo yengeniso neyenkcitho eqikelelwayo ebonakalisa izibonelelo eziza kudingwa ngumbutho ukuze ube neenkonzo ezizinzileyo.
Kubalulekile ukuba abantu abane abachaziweyo kwiphepha lokugqibela (emva kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali) - uSihlalo, uMlawuli/uManejala/uNondyebo kunye noNobhala- mabasityikitye isicwangciso seenkonzo. Ukuba ngaba omane la magosa akasityikityanga isicwangciso seenkonzo, i-ofisi yesithili kufuneka isibuyisele kuni isicwangciso seenkonzo senu - isiphumo soko ke ibe kukuba kuza kulibaziseka ukuhlolwa kwaso.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Guides.D.85541.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Home > Your Government > Provincial Government of the Western Cape > Department of Economic Development and Tourism > Publications > Guidelines, Manuals & Instructions > D > Ukuqalisa ishishini elincinci : Ukuqalisa &gt Ingaba unawo amandla okumelana neemfuno zeshishini?
Ingaba unawo amandla okumelana neemfuno zeshishini?
Umbono otsho kuqala kwakunye nesibindi! Ayizizo na iimfuno ezifanelekileyo ezi?
Abantu abaninzi benza impazamo yokuba ezi zezona mfuno zokuqhuba ishishini elinempumelelo.
I-RED Door ilapha ukunceda ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa ke nawe kufuneka wazi kangangoko ngeshishini onomnqweno wokuliqhuba ukuncedana neRED Door ukuba idlale indima yayo kakuhle. Bhala phantsi amanqaku abalulekileyo owafumene kuphando lwakho ngokohlobo loxwebhu ze uwabake njengeyona miba ibalulekileyo ngeshisihini lakho. Okona usenza uphando, ngezibonelelo onazo, kokona iza kuya ucaca umbono wakho, futhi kokona kunceda ngcono. Nalu uluhlu lwemibuzo enzima omele ukuyiphendula ukuze uqinisekise ukuba uya kumelana neemfuno zeshishini.
Loluphi uhlobo lweshishini ongathanda ukungena kulo?
Ingaba unazo izakhono ezidingekayo kumntu oqhuba eli shishini?
Ingaba ulunge kangakanani umbono wakho woshishino?
Kutheni ukhethe eli shishini nje?
Umsebenzi wokuqala: Khawufumanise ukuba unayo yokuziphatha yomntu oqhuba ishishini.
Loluphi uhlobo loshishino ongathanda ukungena kulo?
Kukho intaphane yamathuba oshishino phandl'apha futhi umceli mngeni kukufumana elona lik8ufaneleyo.
Cinga ngokwaziyo ngawe neempawu zakho njengomntu (jonga umsetyenzana ongaphambili). Ngoku ke khawujonge olu luhlu lwemibono yokuqala amashishini. Mhlawumbi akho lawo mashishini uwalungelelanisa nawe.
Kwakhona, ungaya kumcebisi weRED Door okanye umntu omthembayo onokukuncedisa nize neembono neengcinga ngamandla akho nezinto onokutrhanda ukuzenza njengeshishini lakho ntsuku zonke.
Kukho intaphane yeengcinga ezinkulu xa usenza lesi sigqibo, ngoko ke kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuba uthethe ngentembeko nawe okanye nabantu abakungqongileyo.
Ingaba unazo izakho ezidingwa leli shishini?
Esinye sezona zizathu ezenza ukuba amashishini amaninzi amancinci atshone kukungabikho kwezakhono ezizizo zokulawula. Ulawulo olululo kukusebenzisa ezi ngcinga naloo mandla ukwenza izigqibo ezizizo, imingcipheko ebalwe kakuhle nokukqhubekeka usenza ukuba ishishini eli libe ngcono.
Ukungabikho kwezakhono kuqhele ukuba kumacandelo ezibhengezo, ezezimali, ezentengso, neemveliso okanye nolwazi ngeshishini okulo. Onke la macandelo ABALULEKE KAKHULU ekuphumeleleni kweshihshini lakho.
Ukuba akunazo izakhono ezlilungeleyo eli shishini, ungazifumana phi?
Khawuxoxe la mathuba noMphathi ukuba akunazo zonke iimpendulo apha. Uya kukunceda ukuvavanya izakhono zakho.
QWALASELA: Iintlawulo ezincinci ziya kufuneka ukuze ufumane olu qeqesho njerngoko luya kunikezelwa kwiNkampani Enikezela Ngeenkonzo.
Ungakhangela iintlawulo noMphathi weRED Door ze ucwangcise neendleko zakho.
Mhlawumbi ulunge kangakanani umbono wakho woshishino?
Ukungena kushishino uwedcwa kuthetha ukuzifaka emngciphekweni.
Ungazifumana ukwimwko apho uphulukana nempahla yakho yonke (nkqu nendu yakho) ukuba ishishini lakho aliphumeleli. Ngoko ke uhlobo lwesihshini olukhethayo lubaluleke kakhulu. Imele ukuba ngumbono onguwo nophilileyo. Ingabi yinto othanda nje odinga okanye ofuna ukuyenza Imele ukukusebenzela kakuhle nawe ngokwezimali.
Ukwenza uphando (uphando liokukhangela amathuba elo shishini) akuthethi ukuba uya kuphumelela ukuba uphando luthi iishishini elo linamathuba amahle. Olu phando lukunceda ukuba uqonde indlela oza kushishina ngayo noza kushishinela kuyto ngcono ukuze wazi ukuba ujongisise kweliphi na icala.
Musa ukuzibandakanya kakhulu nangendlela ekuvalayo ukuba ubone amanye amathuba nombono weakho woshishino.
Yenza uphando ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso okanye inkonzo yakho ifunwa futhi idingwa ngokwaneleyo.
Fumanaicebiso kwingcali phambi kokuba uqale ishishini lakho, umzekelo, elisuka kubasebebenzi beRED Door, igqwetha omnye umntu onamava kweli candelo.
Musa ukungaziboneli ntweni iimfuno zakho zezimali xa uqala ishishini lakho. Kusoloko kukho iindleko eziphume ecaleni ongenakuzicingerla ekuqalekeni.
Qwalasela amanye amashishini okhuphisana nawo phambi kokuba uqale ishishini lakho.
Qinisekisa ukuba imveliso yakho ikwinqanaba lokukhuphisana neemveliso zamanye amashishini: ingaba kukho nto iyodwa okanye yahlukileyo ngayo?
Yazi imithetho echaphazela uhlobo lweshishini lakho.
Liyintoni ishishini lakho Lichaze?
Bangakanani abathengi bakho Ingaba liyakhula inani labathengi bale mveliso, limile okanye liyancipha?
Dwelisa kuluhlu yonker imiba onokucinga ngayo nenokuphumeleisa ishishini lakho (indawo yokushishini elungele oko, ixabiso eliphantsi, uymgangatho ophakamileyo, abasebenzi abasemgangathweni, njalo-njalo).
Ingaba injani le meko ephepheni, xa udwelisa amandla nokuphelelwa ngamandla kwakho ngokuthelekisa namashishi okhuphisana nawo, nokuba ngawaphi na amathuba avuleleke kwishishini lakho nokuba yintoni na enokubeka emngciphekweni ishishini lakho. Oku ke kubizwa ngokuba luhlalutho lweSWOT.
Dwelisa zonke izinto ezinokukunceda ekukhuphisaneni namanye amashishini.
Dwelisa amathuba anokuwabenzela amashishini okhuphisana nawo kuwe.
Dwelisa iindlela zokusebenzisa amathuba akho ngendlela eza kulisebenzela ishishini lakho.
Dwelisa nendlela oza kujongana nayo nemiqobo endleleni yeshishini lakho.
Khawubale nje ngokuphandle ingeniso yakho, ze uyithelekise neendleko osele uzibalile.
Zeziphi izibhengezo oya kuzidinga ngokuhamba kwamxesha?
Yeyiphi imveliso oya kuyidinga ngokuhamba wkwamaxesha?
Loluphi uncedo lwezimali oya kuludinga ngokuhamba kwamaxesha?
Loluphi ulawulo lwenkxaso oya kuludinga ngokuhamba kwamaxesha?
Ukuba ishishini elo likhangeleka lisekwinqanaba elinye nelingaphambili kolo phando, yenza olunye uphando olukumgangatho ophezulu kunalowo ukuwo.
Ulikhethe ngantoni eli shishini?
Thabatha ixesha ucinga kakuhle ngento oyifunayo kwishishini lakho.
Ingaba kukuzityebisa nje?
Ingaba ngumbono obusoloko ucinga ngawo ixesha elide?
Ingaba uza liza kuthandwa okanye lifumane isidima?
Ingaba liulikamva losapho lwakho?
Ingaba kukukhululeka kokuba ngumqeshi wakho ze wenze nezigqibo zakho?
Ingaba unombono nje olungileyo nophilileyo futhi uyakwazi ukuwenza usebenze?
Undoqo kukwenza uluhlu lwazo zonke izizathu, uninzi lwazo olungekho kolu luhlu. Beka ezona zizathu zibalulekileyo ngaphezulu kuluhlu lwakho. Buyela kwezi zizathu nanini na xa uthabatha isigqibo - ukuqinisekisa ukuba isizathu ngasinye kuzo siya kuba negalelo ekukunikeni oko ukufunayo. Oku kuya kukhokela izigqibo zakho.
Kukwabalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi zizathu, njengoko zisenokuba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ibhanki okanye inkampani ebonelela ngoncedo lwezimali ukuba ityale imali kulo mbono wakho. Ukuba uyakwazi oku, unokucenga kakuhle futhi wenze loo nkampani ikuthembe wean nombono wakho.
Kukwafuneka ukhangele ukuba kukho mfuno ithile na yokwenza izibhengezo ngemveliso okanye inkonzo yakho - ingaba bakho na abantu abafuna ukuthenga le mveliso Futhi ingaba lo mbono uphile kangangokuba ukhule ube lishishini elinenzuzo Ikakhulu amashishini ashishini ngokubhengeza athanda ukuthetha athi ishishini "linemilenze", nto leyo ethetha ukuba ingaba ishishini elo "linawo na amandla okukhula nokuphuhla ukuze kukhuliswe amathuba ahlukeneyo eli shishini?
Phendula lemibuzo ingundoqo kuqala. Emva koku, ungaqalisa ngamanyathelo okudala isicwangciso soshishino noxwebhu lwengeniso. Uxwebhu lwengeniso lujonga imali ekufuneka uyichithile ukuzuza ukusekwa kweli shishini ze iyenze ilungelelane namathuba engeniso yskho. Oku kukwanokubizwa njengokukhangelwa kwengeniso nokuba kufuneka uchithe imali engakanani na ukuze ube nokufumana loo ngeniso.
Ingaba unawo amandla okumelana neemfuno zeshishini?
Don't understand government jargon or an acronym Use the GLOSSARY?
| QUESTIONS Just ask us: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Guides.I.93212.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni le Nkqubo Yokuxhobisa Ngezakhono?
Le nkqubo yokuxhobisa ngezakhono yinkqubo yoqeqesho ehlanganisa izifundo zekholeji okanye zeziko loqeqesho kunye nokwenza umsebenzi lowo uwuqeqeshelwayo kwinkampani ethile. Eyona njongo ke apha kukufundisa uluntu ngayo yonke imiba yaloo msebenzi ngokuthi benze onke amacandelo awo phantsi kweliso elibukhali lomntu onamava noqeqeshiweyo. Ukuze babe baqeqeshekile bona ngokwabo, aba bafundi kuya kufuneka bavavanywe ngokwemigangatho yaloo msebenzi ekwakuvunyelwene ngayo kwantlandlolo ngawo onke amacandelo olo shishino.
Iinkqubo zokuxhobisa uluntu ngezakhono zomsebenzi zisekelwe kwizivumelwano ezibophelela ngokomthetho phakathi komqeshi, umfundi kwakunye nomqeqeshi. Esi sivumelwano ke sijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukudizwa kwemisebenzi noxanduva lomqeshi, umfundi nomqeqeshi. Le nkqubo ke iyilelwe ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wolu qeqesho kwanokukhusela iimfuno zomqeshi, ezomfundi nezomqeqeshi.
Abaqeshi banakho ukunikezela ngala mathuba okuxhobisa ngezakhono kubasebenzi babo okanye bangagaya abantu abangaphangeliyo ukuze babaqeqeshe. Abasebenzi abasele bephangela abazuzayo kule nkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono babizwa ngokuba ngabafundi baka- 18 . Abantu abangaphangeliyo abathi banikwe la mathuba bona babizwa njengabafundi baka-18 . Eli phetshana ke linikezela ingcaciso ngezi ntlobo zimbini zeenkqubozokuxhobisa uluntu ngezakhono zokusebenza.
Yintoni le Nkqubo Yokuxhobisa Ngezakhono?
Ziintoni Ezona Nzuzo zale Nkqubo Yokuxhobisa Uluntu Ngezakhono?
Zintoni Iindleko Nembuyekezo Enikezelwayo?
Ndingaqinisekisa Njani Ukuba Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezakhoni Isebenza Ngokwezicwangciso?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Guides.I.93212.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zintoni Iindleko Nembuyekezo Enikezelwayo?
Ngokucacileyo zikho iindleko ezayanyaniswa nolu qeqesho. Ezi ndleko ziquka: iintlawulo zemfundo noqeqesho "lwangaphandle komsebenzi" kwakunye neendleko zangaphakathi zokunikezela ngeengcebiso nononophelo kubafundi, uvavanyo lwendlela abaqhuba ngayo abafundi aba, ndawonye neentlawulo ezinikwa aba bafundi.
Noxa kunjalo ke zikho iimadlala zokuncedisa ekuxhasweni ngezimali kwezi nkqubo zokuxhobisa ngezakhono. Ezi ntlawulo ziba ngeendlela ezimbini ezingundoqo.
Abaqeshi abayihlawulayo irhafu yezakhono bangafaka ibango lenkxaso-mali eziinkozo xa benikezela ngoqeqesho. Ezi nkxaso-mali zingasetyenziselwa ukukhupha iintlawulo zale nkqubo yoqeqesho. IiSETA ezi zisenakho kanti nokunikezela ngemali eyinkxaso yokuqhuba ezi nkqubo zophuhliso lwezakhono. Abaqeshi nabo kufuneka basebenzisane neSETA ezihlawulwa kuyo iirhafu zezakhono ezizinikezelayo ukuze bafumanise ukuba zikho na iinkxaso-mali zezi nkqubo. Izigqibo zokuba iinkqubo zophuhliso lwezakhono ezithile zixhaswe na ngezimali "zixhomekeke" kuloo SETA, ngoko ke khawubuze kwiSETA yakho onokuyifumana ngaphezu kweembuyekezo zerhafu ngokuthi kuyilwe futhi/okanye kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwesicwangciso senkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono. Unakho nokufumana imbuyekezo engaphezu kwerhafu yezakhono oyikhuphileyo kwiSETA.
Zimbini iintlobo zembuyekezo yerhafu, eyokuqala iba sekuqaleni kwale nkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono ze enye ibe sekuqoshelisweni ngempumelelo kwale nkqubo.
Abafundi abasele bengabaqeshwa bakho kakade - 18 : Xa sele ungene kwisivumelwano sokuphuhlisa izakhono nomfundi ze wasibhalisa eso sivumelwanmo kwiSETA, ungaqalisa ukutsala ama-70% kumvuzo wonyaka ohlawulwa loo mfundi, ukuya kufikelela kwisixa esili-R17 500 kuloo nyaka wovavanyo.
Abafundi abangaphangeliyo - 18 : Xa sele ungene kwisivumelwano sokuphuhlisa izakhono nomfundi ze wasibhalisa eso sivumelwano kwiSETA, ungaqalisa ukutsala yonke imali esisibonelelo sale nkqubo ehlawulwa umfundi lowo ukuya kufikelela kuma-R25 000 ngaloo nyaka wovavanyo.
Ekupheleni kwale nkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono ungaphinda ufake ibango kwakhona! Ibango lakho lingalikhulu ekhulwini kumvuzo ohlawulwa kumsebenzi ngamnye 181 okanye ke ikhulu ekhulwini lwesixa-mali esisibonelelo ehlawulwa umfundi "ongaphangeliyo" 182, sixa eso sinokufikelela kuma-R25 000 ngaloo nyaka wovavanyo.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngesi sibonelelo serhafu, nceda uqhagamshelane newebsite yeSARS, ukhangele izilungiso zika-2002 kwimithetho yeerhafu okanye ke uqhagamshelane neSETA yakho.
Yintoni le Nkqubo Yokuxhobisa Ngezakhono?
Ziintoni Ezona Nzuzo zale Nkqubo Yokuxhobisa Uluntu Ngezakhono?
Zintoni Iindleko Nembuyekezo Enikezelwayo?
Ndingaqinisekisa Njani Ukuba Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezakhoni Isebenza Ngokwezicwangciso?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Guides.I.93212.4.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ndingaqinisekisa Njani Ukuba Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezakhoni Isebenza Ngokwezicwangciso?
Kufuneka uqale ngokufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba zeziphi na ezi zakhono zidingekayo kwanokuba uqeqesho olufunekayo lungafumaneka na kuloo nkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono uceba ukuyivusa. Uluhlu lweenkqubo zophuhliso lwezakhono esele zikho luyafumaneka kwiwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi. Uluhlu lweenkqubo zophuhliso lwezakhono luyafumaneka kuwo onke amaziko amaziko emicimbi yabasebenzi okanye ke angafumaneka kwiCandelo Elinikezela Inkonzo Yenkxaso Kwiinkqubo Zophuhliso Lwezakhono elikwiSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi. Khumbula ke - ungakhetha nayiphi enye kwezi nkqubo zophuhliso lwezakhono nokuba ize okanye ibhaliswe yeyiphi na iSETA.
Ngaphezu kwama-60% eerhafu, enokufakelwa ibango lesicangciso senkqubo yopguhliso lwezakhono zempangelo kwakunye nengxelo yokuvuswa kwayo (ezi nkqubo zophuhliso lwezakhono yindlela entle yokunikezela ngoqeqesho) usenokufaka isicelo senkxaso-mali sokuphumeza le nkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono xa sele ungene kwisivumelwano sokuphuhlisa izakhono.
Qinisekisa ke ukuba wenza isibhambathiso sengqesho esiza kumelana nexesha lale nkqubo yoqeqesho esihambelanayo nomgaqo wokuzinikela okhutshwe nguMphathiswa Wemicimbi Yabasebenzi. Uxwebhu lokuzinikela kule nkqubo yokuxhobisa ngezakhono iyafumaneka kwiwebsite, yeSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi kodwa ke ungayifumana ikopi kulo naliphi na iziko lemicmbi yabasebenzi okanye kwi-ofisi Yenkonzo Enikezela Ngenkxaso Kwiinkqubo Zokuxhobisa Ngezakhono.
Isivumelwano sokungena kwinkqubo yokuxhobisa ngezakhono kufuneka ityikitywe ngumqeshi, umfundi kwanomqeqeshi. Fumana ke iikopi zobume besi sivumelwano sale nkqubo kwiiSETA, kwiziko lemicimbi yabasebenzi elikufutshane nawe okanye kwi-ofisi Yenkonzo Enikezela Ngenkxaso Kwinkqubo Yokuxhobisa Ngezakhono.
Chonga umntu oza kuba ngumcebisi wabafundisi kwalapho kwinkampani leyo yakho. Lo mntu ke uya kunikezela umkhomba-ndlela kubafundi ze abancede bamelane nayiphi na ingxaki abathi bahlangane nayo kwisithuba sale nkqubo.
Thabatha isigqibo sokuba ngubani oza kunikezela ngecandelo lezifundo zencwadi kolu qeqesho. Qinisekisa ke ukuba umqeqeshi omkhethayo uyaziwa yaye uthenjiwe yiSETA. Ukuba udinga uncedo ekukhetheni lo mqeqeshi, qhagamshelana neSETA yakho.
Ungakhetha umntu njengoko uchazile umthetho iSkills Development Act kwisahluko 18 : "umfundi obengaphangeli: ukuba umfundi ebengekho phantsi komqeshi lo njengomqeshi wakhe ngexesha lokutyikitywa kwesivumelwano sokungena kule nkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono, umqeshi nomfundi kufuneka batyikitye isivumelwano sengqesho."
Kumfundi obekuphangelela kakade, uya kuqhubekeka nesivumelwano sesibhambathiso sengqesho ze utyikitye nje ke isivumelwano sokuphuhlisa izakhon zakhe. Kumfundi obengaphangeli, kuya kufuneka utyikitye isivumelwano sokuphuhlisa izakhon zakhe kwanesengqesho. Zikwahluka ke izibonelelo zenkxaso-mali nezerhafu njengoko kuthiwe thaca ngentla apha.
Ukuba uza kuqwalasela isicelo sonmfundi ongaphangeliyo, iziko lemicimbi yabasebenzi elikufutshane nawe lingakunceda ekuchongeni nasekugatyeni oyena mntu uyilungeleyo le nkqubo. Liyafumaneka ke iphetshana elilodwa elinikezela ngengcaciso ngenkonzo yeli Sebe yokuchonga nokugaya neendlela elinokuncedisa ngayo ekugayeni abantu abangaphangeliyo ukuze kuphuhliswe izakhono zabo.
Abaqeshi abanikezela ngoqeqesho kwakunye namava engqesho ngokuthi baqalise ngale nkqubo yokuphuhlisa izakhono kubantu abagaphangeliyo abanyanzelekanga ukuba banike abafundi ababaqeqeshe ngempumelelo ingqesho esisigxina emva kwale nkqubo yoqeqesho. Likho ke kodwa ithemba lokuba abaqeshi aba baya kuba nakho noko ukugaya abanye baba bafundi babaqeqeshileyo, kodwa ke nokuba abakwazanga, abafundi abo bona sele beqoshelise izifundo noqeqesho yaye banamava okusebenza.
Isivumelwano sengqesho a Isivumelwano sokungena kwinkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono sisibhambathiso esisemthethweni esityikitywa ngumqeshi, umfundi okanye abazali nabantu abajongene nomfundi lowo ukuba uselula kakhulu kwakunye nomqeqeshi.
Iinjongo zenkqubo leyo yoqeqesho, umzekelo, isiqinisekiso sezifundo aya kusifumana kwakunye nezakhono aya kuba nazo umfundi lowo emva kokuba eqoshelise ngempumelelo loo nkqubo yoqeqesho.
b Kuya kufuneka ke utyikitye nesivumelwano sengqesho ukuba uthabatha umfundi obengaphangeli ngaphambili 182.
Isivumelwano esisebenza njengesikhokelo sesivumelwano sale nkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono ndawonye nezinyer iinkcukacha ngokungena nokutyikitya izibhambathiso ziyafumaneka kwiSETA, kwi-ofisi yemicimbi yabasebenzi okanye kwicandelo Elinikezela Ngenkonzo Yenkxaso Kwiinkqubo Zophuhliso Lwezakhono.
Xa la malungiselelo angentla apha sele eqoshelisiwe, lungaqala ke uqeqesho.
Amaqumrhu Ajongene Nokuqeshwa Nophuhliso Lwezakhono iSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi liya kungena kwinkqubo yokuvavanyela la maqumrhu eli phulo kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu, nkqubo leyo iya kuqala ekupheleni konyaka u-2003. Le nkqubo yokuvavanyela i-ESDA ijolise ekuncediseni ekufakweni kwabafundi kule nkqubo yophuhliso lwezakhono kwicandelo lamashishini asakhasayo, akhulayo nalawo sele ephakamile noko.
Ii-ESDA ezi ziya kusekwa yaye ziya kusebenza njengomqeshi waba bafundi. Ezi ESDAs ke ziya kwenza yonke imisebenzi yomqeshi, kodwa ke aziwanikezeli amava engqesho kolu qeqesho. I-ESDA ke yona ijongana nokufaka abafundi kwizithuba zemisebenzi kwabo baqeshi/kubaqeshi engqeshweni kwakunye kwanakubaqeqeshi ababhalisiweyo.
Inkqubo yokuvavanya eli phulo lijoliswe ekunikeni amathuba ophuhliso lwezakhono abantu abasebatsha (abangaphantsi kwama-35 eminyaka ubudala).
I-ESDA ke yenza uthotho lwemisebenzi esoloko iluxanduva lomqeshi.
Ukunikezela iingcebiso kwanokusombulula iingxaki zabasebenzi nezabafundi.
Ngokombono womqeshi, ukuba nakho ukuthabatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo yoqeqesho ngaphandle koxanduva lwemicimbi yolawulo esoloko isayanyaniswa nezi nkqubo zoqeqesho yeyona nto ibabika umdla abaqeshi.
Yintoni le Nkqubo Yokuxhobisa Ngezakhono?
Ziintoni Ezona Nzuzo zale Nkqubo Yokuxhobisa Uluntu Ngezakhono?
Zintoni Iindleko Nembuyekezo Enikezelwayo?
Ndingaqinisekisa Njani Ukuba Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezakhoni Isebenza Ngokwezicwangciso?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Guides.M.92944.92944.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izicwangciso ngekamva leshishini lakho.
Ukuba akujongi ngaphambili, kunokubakho iziganeko eziza kuwe onokungakwazi ukumelana nazo. Xa oku kusenzeka, ingxaki uphela uyithatha ngenye indlela engayilungelanga endaweni yokujongana nayo ngendlela epholileyo nelungele ingxaki efana naleyo. Iingxaki ezininzi zoshishino zingasonjululwa ukuba unokunciphisa ukuza kweengxaki ube ungazilindelanga.
Ukujongana nengxaki sele ikho ungayilindelanga endaweni yokuba nesicwangciso esiphangaleleyo kwangexesha kungakhokelela kwizigqibo ezingalilungelanga ishishini nezinokulibulala ishishini lakho kwisithuba esisezayo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko yoshishino ungathanda ukuba kwimeko apho unokuwasebenzisa amathuba avelayo, ungabi semva uzamana nokusombulula iingxaki ezadlulayo ongazange umelane nazo ngela xesha zazisavela nezazinokuthintelwa ngokuthi ucwangcisele ishishini lakho ngendlela eyiyo.
Ingaba kufuneka zenziwe emva kwexesha elingakanani izicwangciso zoshishino?
Ngokubanzi, ucvwangciso loshishino yinto eqhubekekayo. Le nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe phambi kokuqala kwenyanga nganye.
Ingaba ishishini ngalinye lizenza njani izicwangciso?
Bhala phsntsi ukuba ufuna iintengiso zakho zime phj na ngenyanga kunye nezinye iinjongo odinga ukuzizuza ukuze uphucule ishishini lakho.
Xa oku sele kudwelisiwe, futhi nenyanga iphelile, ungathelekisa ukuba uzizuzile na ezi ntengiso nezinye iinjongo ekupheleni kwenyanga nganye.
Kungenzeka njsni ukuba ndikhokele kuhlobo lweshishini lam, nokuba sele ndilishishini elisakhasayo?
Nokuba sele ulishishini elincinci kangakanani na, kungumbono omhle ukuhlola iintshukumo zakho zonyaka kwicandelo loshishino okulo, ze ujonge nokuba linempumelelo kangakanani na ishishini lakho unyaka nonyaka, leliphi icebo elisebenzileyo nokuba kufuneka kutshintshe ntoni na.
Ungalwenza olu hlolo namanye amalungu abasebenzi okanye umcebisi oyingcali kwicandelo leshishini lakho. Ukufumana ulwazi olubanzi ukusuka ekuqaleni kokusebenza kweshishini lakho kululutho futhi kunceda ekukunikeni iingcinga ngekamva leshishini lakho ebezingenakuza xa ubuqhuba nje ishishini lakho njengesiqhelo. Uhlolo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye ngumsebenzi onzima kodwa kumaxesha amaninzi luza amathuba. Oku kuyinyaniso kakhulu ukuba unqwenela ukulikhulisa ishishini lakho, okanye ulinwenwisele nakumazwe angaphandle.
Umzekelo: Yintoni iminqweno yakho ngokwabasebenzi?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izicwangciso ngabasebenzi obadingayo - kwenzeka ntoni ukuba abona basebenzi bakho babalulekileyo bathi bahlaselwe kukugula okanye bakushiye, ingaba ishishini lakho lingakwazi ukuqhubekeka lisebenza xa kungekabikho mntu wokungena endaweni yalowo ungekhoyo kwisikhundla esibalulekileyo Kwakhona, kungakuthabatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana umntu onezakhono ezifanele eso sithuba - oku kuba njalo ingakumbi xa izithuba ezo zifuna abasebenzi abaziincutshe kwimisebenzi yabo?
Kukwafuneka wazi apho unokumelana neendleko zokuqesha abanye abasebenzi nokuba ungakwazi ukubahlawula malini na.
Imali yokusebenza ziimali ezikhoyo kwishishini lakho ukumelana neendleko zemihla ngemihla ngelixa kusetyenzwa njengesiqhelo, ingakumbi ukuba uhlawulwa emva kokuba umsebenzi uqoshelisiwe kunokuhlawulwa ngenyanga nganye. Kumanye amashishini, ingakumbi kumashishini asakhasayo, kubalulekile ukuxoxa nabathengi bakho ukuba bazahlule iintlawulo (umzekelo, uhlawulwe ishumi leepesenti ekuqaleni, amashumi amathathu eepesenti wakugqiba isiqendu sokuqala selo phulo ze intsalela uyifumane xa iphulo uliqpshelise lonke). Oku kukunceda ekubeni nemalana yokuqhuba uhlawule neendleko zomsebenzi ekufuneka uwenzile.
Kufuneka wazi xa iintengiso zihamba kancinci kwishishini lakho. Kuba kaloku kumanye amashishini, oku kunokuba ngeenyanga zasebusika, kumanye ixesha lasebusika linokuba lelona loshishino. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyahlala kushishino - futhi uchume - minyaka le, kuya kufuneka wazi iindlela eziqhuba ngayo iintengiso zakho phakathi enyakeni, ukuze ube nokuwalindela uxhobile nawaphi na amaxesha xa isehla imali engenayo kunaleyo yesiqhelo isuka kwiintengiso (ukuhla nokwenyuka kweentengiso). Ukuba oku akwenziwanga ngendlela efanelekileyo, ishishini aliyi kuba nakho ukuhlawula amatyala alo futhi liya kuba semngciphekweni. Ukuba uzicwangcisa ngendlela eyiyo iintengiso zakho, ukuhla nokwenyuka kwazo, uya kuba nayo imali eya kukunceda kwiinyanga ezinzima.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Guides.U.85541.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuqalisa ishishini elincinci : Ukuqalisa &gt Ingaba unawo amandla okumelana neemfuno zeshishini?
Ingaba unawo amandla okumelana neemfuno zeshishini?
Umbono otsho kuqala kwakunye nesibindi! Ayizizo na iimfuno ezifanelekileyo ezi?
Abantu abaninzi benza impazamo yokuba ezi zezona mfuno zokuqhuba ishishini elinempumelelo.
I-RED Door ilapha ukunceda ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa ke nawe kufuneka wazi kangangoko ngeshishini onomnqweno wokuliqhuba ukuncedana neRED Door ukuba idlale indima yayo kakuhle. Bhala phantsi amanqaku abalulekileyo owafumene kuphando lwakho ngokohlobo loxwebhu ze uwabake njengeyona miba ibalulekileyo ngeshisihini lakho. Okona usenza uphando, ngezibonelelo onazo, kokona iza kuya ucaca umbono wakho, futhi kokona kunceda ngcono. Nalu uluhlu lwemibuzo enzima omele ukuyiphendula ukuze uqinisekise ukuba uya kumelana neemfuno zeshishini.
Loluphi uhlobo lweshishini ongathanda ukungena kulo?
Ingaba unazo izakhono ezidingekayo kumntu oqhuba eli shishini?
Ingaba ulunge kangakanani umbono wakho woshishino?
Kutheni ukhethe eli shishini nje?
Umsebenzi wokuqala: Khawufumanise ukuba unayo yokuziphatha yomntu oqhuba ishishini.
Loluphi uhlobo loshishino ongathanda ukungena kulo?
Cinga ngokwaziyo ngawe neempawu zakho njengomntu (jonga umsetyenzana ongaphambili). Ngoku ke khawujonge olu luhlu lwemibono yokuqala amashishini. Mhlawumbi akho lawo mashishini uwalungelelanisa nawe.
Kwakhona, ungaya kumcebisi weRED Door okanye umntu omthembayo onokukuncedisa nize neembono neengcinga ngamandla akho nezinto onokutrhanda ukuzenza njengeshishini lakho ntsuku zonke.
Kukho intaphane yeengcinga ezinkulu xa usenza lesi sigqibo, ngoko ke kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuba uthethe ngentembeko nawe okanye nabantu abakungqongileyo.
Ingaba unazo izakho ezidingwa leli shishini?
Esinye sezona zizathu ezenza ukuba amashishini amaninzi amancinci atshone kukungabikho kwezakhono ezizizo zokulawula. Ulawulo olululo kukusebenzisa ezi ngcinga naloo mandla ukwenza izigqibo ezizizo, imingcipheko ebalwe kakuhle nokukqhubekeka usenza ukuba ishishini eli libe ngcono.
Ukungabikho kwezakhono kuqhele ukuba kumacandelo ezibhengezo, ezezimali, ezentengso, neemveliso okanye nolwazi ngeshishini okulo. Onke la macandelo ABALULEKE KAKHULU ekuphumeleleni kweshihshini lakho.
Ukuba akunazo izakhono ezlilungeleyo eli shishini, ungazifumana phi?
Khawuxoxe la mathuba noMphathi ukuba akunazo zonke iimpendulo apha. Uya kukunceda ukuvavanya izakhono zakho.
QWALASELA: Iintlawulo ezincinci ziya kufuneka ukuze ufumane olu qeqesho njerngoko luya kunikezelwa kwiNkampani Enikezela Ngeenkonzo.
Mhlawumbi ulunge kangakanani umbono wakho woshishino?
Ukungena kushishino uwedcwa kuthetha ukuzifaka emngciphekweni.
Ungazifumana ukwimwko apho uphulukana nempahla yakho yonke (nkqu nendu yakho) ukuba ishishini lakho aliphumeleli. Ngoko ke uhlobo lwesihshini olukhethayo lubaluleke kakhulu. Imele ukuba ngumbono onguwo nophilileyo. Ingabi yinto othanda nje odinga okanye ofuna ukuyenza Imele ukukusebenzela kakuhle nawe ngokwezimali.
Ukwenza uphando (uphando liokukhangela amathuba elo shishini) akuthethi ukuba uya kuphumelela ukuba uphando luthi iishishini elo linamathuba amahle. Olu phando lukunceda ukuba uqonde indlela oza kushishina ngayo noza kushishinela kuyto ngcono ukuze wazi ukuba ujongisise kweliphi na icala.
Musa ukuzibandakanya kakhulu nangendlela ekuvalayo ukuba ubone amanye amathuba nombono weakho woshishino.
Yenza uphando ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso okanye inkonzo yakho ifunwa futhi idingwa ngokwaneleyo.
Musa ukungaziboneli ntweni iimfuno zakho zezimali xa uqala ishishini lakho. Kusoloko kukho iindleko eziphume ecaleni ongenakuzicingerla ekuqalekeni.
Qwalasela amanye amashishini okhuphisana nawo phambi kokuba uqale ishishini lakho.
Qinisekisa ukuba imveliso yakho ikwinqanaba lokukhuphisana neemveliso zamanye amashishini: ingaba kukho nto iyodwa okanye yahlukileyo ngayo?
Yazi imithetho echaphazela uhlobo lweshishini lakho.
Liyintoni ishishini lakho Lichaze?
Bangakanani abathengi bakho Ingaba liyakhula inani labathengi bale mveliso, limile okanye liyancipha?
Dwelisa kuluhlu yonker imiba onokucinga ngayo nenokuphumeleisa ishishini lakho (indawo yokushishini elungele oko, ixabiso eliphantsi, uymgangatho ophakamileyo, abasebenzi abasemgangathweni, njalo-njalo).
Ingaba injani le meko ephepheni, xa udwelisa amandla nokuphelelwa ngamandla kwakho ngokuthelekisa namashishi okhuphisana nawo, nokuba ngawaphi na amathuba avuleleke kwishishini lakho nokuba yintoni na enokubeka emngciphekweni ishishini lakho. Oku ke kubizwa ngokuba luhlalutho lweSWOT.
Dwelisa zonke izinto ezinokukunceda ekukhuphisaneni namanye amashishini.
Dwelisa iindlela zokusebenzisa amathuba akho ngendlela eza kulisebenzela ishishini lakho.
Dwelisa nendlela oza kujongana nayo nemiqobo endleleni yeshishini lakho.
Khawubale nje ngokuphandle ingeniso yakho, ze uyithelekise neendleko osele uzibalile.
Zeziphi izibhengezo oya kuzidinga ngokuhamba kwamxesha?
Yeyiphi imveliso oya kuyidinga ngokuhamba wkwamaxesha?
Loluphi uncedo lwezimali oya kuludinga ngokuhamba kwamaxesha?
Loluphi ulawulo lwenkxaso oya kuludinga ngokuhamba kwamaxesha?
Ukuba ishishini elo likhangeleka lisekwinqanaba elinye nelingaphambili kolo phando, yenza olunye uphando olukumgangatho ophezulu kunalowo ukuwo.
Thabatha ixesha ucinga kakuhle ngento oyifunayo kwishishini lakho.
Ingaba ngumbono obusoloko ucinga ngawo ixesha elide?
Ingaba uza liza kuthandwa okanye lifumane isidima?
Ingaba kukukhululeka kokuba ngumqeshi wakho ze wenze nezigqibo zakho?
Ingaba unombono nje olungileyo nophilileyo futhi uyakwazi ukuwenza usebenze?
Undoqo kukwenza uluhlu lwazo zonke izizathu, uninzi lwazo olungekho kolu luhlu. Beka ezona zizathu zibalulekileyo ngaphezulu kuluhlu lwakho. Buyela kwezi zizathu nanini na xa uthabatha isigqibo - ukuqinisekisa ukuba isizathu ngasinye kuzo siya kuba negalelo ekukunikeni oko ukufunayo. Oku kuya kukhokela izigqibo zakho.
Kukwabalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi zizathu, njengoko zisenokuba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ibhanki okanye inkampani ebonelela ngoncedo lwezimali ukuba ityale imali kulo mbono wakho. Ukuba uyakwazi oku, unokucenga kakuhle futhi wenze loo nkampani ikuthembe wean nombono wakho.
Kukwafuneka ukhangele ukuba kukho mfuno ithile na yokwenza izibhengezo ngemveliso okanye inkonzo yakho - ingaba bakho na abantu abafuna ukuthenga le mveliso Futhi ingaba lo mbono uphile kangangokuba ukhule ube lishishini elinenzuzo Ikakhulu amashishini ashishini ngokubhengeza athanda ukuthetha athi ishishini "linemilenze", nto leyo ethetha ukuba ingaba ishishini elo "linawo na amandla okukhula nokuphuhla ukuze kukhuliswe amathuba ahlukeneyo eli shishini?
Phendula lemibuzo ingundoqo kuqala. Emva koku, ungaqalisa ngamanyathelo okudala isicwangciso soshishino noxwebhu lwengeniso. Uxwebhu lwengeniso lujonga imali ekufuneka uyichithile ukuzuza ukusekwa kweli shishini ze iyenze ilungelelane namathuba engeniso yskho. Oku kukwanokubizwa njengokukhangelwa kwengeniso nokuba kufuneka uchithe imali engakanani na ukuze ube nokufumana loo ngeniso.
Ingaba unawo amandla okumelana neemfuno zeshishini?
<fn>GOV-ZA. How_to_apply.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Azipapashwa zonke ngaphandle izithuba zemisebenzi karhulumente kumajelo osasazo. Ezinye izithuba zipapashwa ngaphakathi kurhulumente kuphela.
Izithuba zemisebenzi karhulumente wesizwe nowephondo ezipapashwe ngaphakathi zifumaneka kwi-Public Service Vacancy Circular. ISixeko saseKapa sipapasha izithuba zemisebenzi yaso kwikhompyutha.
Izithuba eziphezulu, oko ke kukuthi, ezi zikwinkonzo yabalawuli abakhulu, kufuneka zipapashwe kwisizwe siphela, ngokwemimiselo elawula iinkonzo zoluntu. Ungakufumana okunye ngezi zithuba ziphezulu ngokuthi ufunde ngokwemimiselo incwadana ecacisa ngazo.
Inyathelo lokuqala xa ufaka isicelo sesithuba somsebenzi karhulumente kukugcwalisa iphetshana lesicelo sesithuba somsebenzi karhulumente, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Z83. Ungalitsala kwikhompyutha eli phetshana lesicelo, okanye ulifumane nakweyiphi na iofisi karhulumente.
Iphetshana lesicelo sesithuba somsebenzi waseburhulumenteni kufuneka ligcwaliswe kuyo yonke imisebenzi karhulumente, kumgangatho karhulumente wesizwe nowephondo. Izicelo zezithuba zemisebenzi ziye zingamkelwa ngaphandle kwephetshana u-Z83 eligcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo. IPalamente yeSizwe, IPalamente yePhondo leNtshona Koloni kwanoomaspala (urhulumente wedolophu) abalisebenzisi eli phetshana lesicelo somsebenzi.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuligcwalisa kakuhle eli phetshana lesicelo, kuya kufuneka ube nephepha elipapasha eso sithuba somsebenzi phambi kwakho ukuze ube neenkcukacha ezizizo, ezifana nenombolo yeso sithuba, isihloko sesithuba eso, kwanesebe elisipapashileyo, ukuze zigcwaliswe ku-"Part A" weli phetshana lesicelo.
Emva kokuba uligcwalisile iphetshana lesicelo eli, kufuneka ufake neCV yakho. Usenokucelwa ukuba ufake neekopi zeempepha ezingqina nayiphi na imfundo imfundo onayo okanye izidanga othe kwiCV yakho okanye kwelo phetshana unazo. Faka isicelo sesithuba somsebenzi eso (kwiphetshana u-Z83,iCV kwaneekopi ezingqina imfundo yakho) kwindawo exelwe kuloo mpapasho weso sithuba phambi komhla wokuvalwa.
Musa ukuthumela ezinye iinkcukacha okanye iimpepha emva kosuku lokuvalwa njengoko zingayi kunikwa ngqwalasela. Izithuba ziqhele ukupapashwa malunga nenyanga phambi kokuba zivalwe.
Emva kosuku lokuvalwa, zonke izicelo ziya kuqwalaselwa ze abafaki-zicelo abathile bachongelwe (bafakwe kuluhlu olufutshane) udliwano-ndlebe. Abo bachongelwe udliwano-ndlebe baya kutsalelwa iminxeba ukufikelela kwisivumelwano ngomhla wolo dliwano-ndlebe.
Ikomiti okanye igqiza labachongi lilo eliqhuba olu dliwano-ndlebe. Ngokwemimiselo yeenkonzo zoluntu, ikomiti leyo kufuneka ubuncinci ibe nabaqeshwa bakarhulumente abathathu, abakumgangatho womsebenzi olinganayo okanye ongaphezu kwalowo weso sithuba sipapashiweyo. Ikomiti yabachongi iya kuthi emva kokuba lugqitywe lonke udliwano-ndlebe ize nesiphakamiso sokuba kuthathwe bani kwabo bebefake izicelo zeso sithuba.
Ikomiti yabachongi kufuneka izigcine izizathu zesiphakamiso sayo. Esi siphakamiso sinokuphunyezwa okanye sikhatywe ngumntu onoxanduva namagunya amakhulu okuqesha, ekuthi ke kwisebe lephondo ibe yi-MEC yelo sebe. Kufuneka kunikezelwe izizathu apho isiphakamiso sikhatyiweyo.
Yonke ingqesho enezivumelwano zokusebenza ixesha elingaphezu konyaka imelwe kukuba nexesha lokuvavanywa apho emsebenzini.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.IDP_Xhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Rhoqo kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu, ibhunga ngalinye lomasipala kuyimfuneko ukuba liqulunqe isicwangciso sophuhliso seminyaka emihlanu nesimisela iinjongo zalo eziphambili yaye lazise nangohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwalo.
ISixeko saseKapa, kwisithuba seenyanga ezisixhenxe ezidlulileyo, besizibandakanye kwinkqubo yocwangciso nothetha-thetwano noluntu ngenjongo yokuphuhlisa esi sicwangciso - esaziwa ngokomthetho njengeSicwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soPhuhliso. Siqhubekela phambili nolu thetha-thethwano noluntu.
ISicwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soPhuhliso ngamanye amaxesha siba mbaxa kangangokuba asibinantsingiselo ivakalayo.
ukwakha ulawulo olusebenzayo nolunobuchule bokunikezela ngezi nkonzo kunye nokulondoloza nokwandisa izixhobo zokusebenza zikamasipala; kunye nokubonelela ngendawo esingqongileyo elungele ukuba luhlume uqoqosho lwaseKapa.
Isithembiso sethu kuni sibandakanya ukwenza ezi zinto zintathu ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuziphumeza ezi zinto, kuza kuba yimfuneko ukuba siphakamise umgangatho womsebenzi wabalawuli ze umntu ngamnye abe noxanduva lokumela umsebenzi athembise ukuwenza.
Kananjalo kuza kuba yimfuneko ukuba sonyuse utyalo-mali kwizixhobo zokusebenza ngokubanzi kunye nokutyala imali ngokwaneleyo kwiinkonzo eziyimfuneko kwikamva leKapa.
Kwisithuba seshumi leminyaka elidlulileyo, kubekho ukuwa nganeno kotyalo-mali kwizixhobo ezitsha, njengoko iSixeko siya sakhula, kunye nokutshintshwa, nokulungiswa kunye nokulondolozwa kweempahla zethu ezikhoyo. Ukuba siqhubeka nale ndlela yokusebenza siza kugagana nengxaki emva kwenye. Izixhobo zethu zogutyulo lwamanzi amdaka, nezisele zisebenze ngaphezu kwamandla azo, ziza koyiswa; izixhobo zethu zokusasaza umbane ziza koyiswa; iiprojekthi zethu zezezindlu ziza kuhlala zinge-yonto ngaphandle kokuba luyilo kuphela; yaye iindlela zethu ziza kuba ngaphezu kokuba zezinogxalathelwano kuhanjwe ngokushixiza.
Utyalo-mali kwiinkonzo nakwimisebenzi yolungiso nolondolozo ngumsebenzi ophambili nongxamisekileyo. Linkonzo ezilungileyo zoluntu zikwabalulekile ekutsaleni umdla wotyalo-mali esiludingayo ukuxhasa uhlumo lweSixeko.
Le misebenzi iphambili iyabonakaliswa kuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali olupapashwe kwesi sigidimi. Unethuba lokuvakalisa izimvo zakho ngohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali nangesicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu kwiintlanganiso zoluntu nakuvakaliso-zimvo kwinqanaba lamabhungana.
Ndinethemba ukuba niza kwenza njalo.
Ukuhluma kwezoqoqosho nokudalwa kwamathuba engqesho zezona zinto zidingwa ngakumbi ngabantu baseKapa. ISixeko siza kwenza iinzame zokubonelela ngeyona ndawo isingqongileyo ilungileyo ukuze kuhlume uqoqosho.
Oku kuthetha ukwenza kube lula yaye kuxabise kancinane ukuqalisa ushishino ngokuququzelela intsebenziswano elula neyenziwa rhoqo phakathi kwamashishini neSixeko; ukuxhasa ubuhlakani obutsha namacandelo abucala, ngokukodwa kwezokhenketho; kunye nokuncedisa amashishini amancinane nasakhasayo. Eyona nkalo ibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni imeko yezoshishino iya kuba lutyalo-mali iSixeko esijolise kulo kwezothutho ngokukodwa izithuti zoluntu kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza zikamasipala.
intanethi kwinqila ngokubanzi, nengazi kusebenza ngonxibelelwano lweengcingo zomnxeba.
Luxanduva oluphambili lweSixeko ukunikezela ngeenkonzo eluntwini, kuqukwa amanzi, ugutyulo, ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma nombane. Umyinge omncinane kodwa okhulayo wabemi beSixeko abanayo indlela yokufikelela kwiinkonzo ezingundoqo.
Ngeli xesha iSixeko siphantse saphinda-phindeka ngobukhulu kwisithuba seminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo, ubonelelo ngezixhobo ezitsha akungqinelani nokukhula kwesixeko esi. Uninzi lwezixhobo zokusebenza ezindala zeSixeko zisadinga ukutshintshwa ngokungxamisekileyo.
Ugxininiso olumandla kulondolozo lwezixhobo ngumbandela ophambili.
Asinakho ukujongana nazo zonke iimfuno zezixhobo zokusebenza ngaxeshanye yaye iSixeko sicwangcisa ukwazisa iindlela ezohlukeneyo zokuphucula ukongiwa xa kusetyenziswa imithombo enqabileyo efana namanzi nombane.
Enye yeenjongo eziphambili kwesi sithuba seminyaka emihlanu kukuphucula ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kulawulo lweSixeko. Oku kuthetha ukufumana abantu abafanelekileyo - ngokukodwa iinjineli nabalawul beeprojekthi - kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo ekuququzelelweni nasekuphuculweni kwenkcubeko yonikezelo ngeenkonzo nendlela yokuziphatha emsebenzini.
Kukwathetha ukuguqula indlela ezenziwa ngayo ezinye izinto. ISixeko sikhangela ezinye iindlela zokunikezela iinkonzo zikamasipala. Sikwazimisele ukuphucula ulawulo lweenkalo ezibalulekileyo zezemali ezifana nokulawulwa kwengeniso, imali esetyenziswayo, ulawulo nobungozi kwimpahla zikamasipala kunye nokuxhaswa kwabasweleyo.
Ukuphucula izithuthi zoluntu ngomnye wemisebenzi ephambili yeSixeko kwisicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu. Nangona kunjalo, eyona njongo kujoliswe kuyo inkulu: ukudala inkcubeko yezothutho eza kunceda iKapa kwixesha elizayo.
Ukuphucula nokuxhasa izithuthi zoluntu, iSixeko sizimisele ukuzibandakanya kutyalo-mali olumbaxa kwizixhobo zokusebenza zezothutho yaye isicwangciso seSixeko sikwinqanaba lokugqibela lokumiselwa.
Ukucutha ugxalathelwano lwezithuthi, kuz akunyanzelwa ukusetyenziswa kwemizila ephambili yezithuthi zoluntu ze kwenziwe neminye emitsha.
ISixeko sijongene nemiceli-mngeni emininzi yezezindlu. Iintsapho ezimalunga nama-350 000 azinazo iindawo zokuhlala ezifanelekileyo yaye intsilelo yezindlu ikhulu rhoqo ngonyaka. Kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ezayo iSixeko sizimisele ukongenza indlela yokufikelela kwiindawo zokuhlala ngokubonelela ngenkxaso-mali yezezindlu kuqalwa ngobonelelo ngeenkonzo ezaneleyo. Kuza kumiselwa inkqubo yokunikezela ngeenkonzo ezingundoqo kwiindawo zamatyotyombe.
Uphuhliso lwesicwangciso seendawo zentlalo yoluntu esiHlanganisiweyo asibandakanyi nje kuphela izindlu, kodwa nawo onke amaziko oluntu afana neendawo zamangcwaba, amaziko ezemidlalo namathala eencwadi.
Ulwaphulo-mtehtho lugrogrisa impilo yabemi beSixeko kunye nobuchule beSixeko bokutsala nokugcina utyalo-mali. ISixeko sizimisele ukwenza igalelo laso ekuthinteleni ulwaphulo-mthetho ngokuphucula indlela yokugcino-cwangco kwezothutho, ngokunyanzeliswa komthetho nomthetho jikelele.
Okubaluleke kakhulu kukuphuculwa kweenkonzo zocimo-mlilo.
Imimandla emininzi kweli leKapa igutyungelwe ziingxaki zentlalo ezingapheliyo ezibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi nobugebenga ukuya kumaqondo aphezulu osuleleko yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo, izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo nesifo sePhepha.
ISixeko sisebenzisana namanye amacandelo karhulumente ekuphuculeni impilo nophuhliso lwentlalo.
ISixeko sinoxanduva lokulawula umgangatho womoya kunye nokulawula ungcoliseko, kuqukwa nenkathazo yengxolo.
Oku konyuka kungaka kuza kuvumela iSixeko ukuba sibe nacho ukuchitha imali kumsebenzi wolungiso, ukutshintshwa nokulondolozwa kwezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza kunye nokutyala imali kwizixhobo ezitsha.
Ngaphandle koku konyuka kungaka kwinkcitho-mali, imigangatho yeenkonzo eziphambili iphculwe - amanzi, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, umbane neendlela - azinakho ukugcinwa zisebenza. Iminyaka emininzi yokunqongophala kokutyalwa kwemali kuthetha ukuba iKapa alinakho ukulibazisa ngakumbi kumsebenzi wokuphuculwa nokwandiswa kwezixhobo zalo.
Kungenxa yezi zizathu ukuba iSixeko sigqibe ekubeni sandise la maqondo enzala yemali-mboleko abonakaliswe ngasentla kunye nentlawulo yonikezelo ngeenkonzo. Iqondo lokonyuka kwamaqondo nawentlawuloyeenkonzo kunyaka-mali ka-2007/8 liza kuba ngumyinge we-15%.
Umrhumo wombane uza konyuka ngomyinge we-5,6%; ukuthuthwa kwenkunkuma nge-11% ze amanzi nogutyulo ngomyinge we-19%. Umrhumo wamanzi uza "kuguquguquka" ngoko ke ukuba abahlali bayawonga amanzi baza kuhlawula kancinane.
Nangona iSixeko sibona eli theko njengethuba, sikuthintele ukusebenzisa ngendlela engeyiyo imali yabarhafi okanye ingeniso ethatyathwa kwimirhumo yeenkonzo ngenjongo yokuhlawula ndleko zetumente yonyaka ka-2010. Zizonke iindleko zesteydiyam esitsha nesokhiwa e kummandla wase-Green Point ziza kufikelela kwi-R2,857 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Kwezi ndleko, iSixeko siza kuxhasa ngesixa esifikelela kuma-R400 ezigidi esithatyathwe kuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwaso yaye sibekele bucala esinye isixa esifikelela kwi-R100 lezigidi kulungiselelwa iindleko ezingalindelekanga. Isixa esikhulu senkxaso-mali sithatyathwe kwi-ofisi kanondyebo wesizwe.
yezigidi sele kuqinisekisiwe yibhanka yabe-Investec.
Ukusindlekwa kwendebe yehlabathi yonyaka ka-2010 kuza kushiya igama elihle ukuba kuthe kwalawulwa ngendlela efanelkileyo. Le tumente iza kusebenza njengesiqalelo seSixeko (namanye amacandelo karhulumente namashishini aphantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente) sokutyala imali ngakumbi kwizithuthi zoluntu - yaye kuthekelelwa ukuba kuza kuchithwa malunga ne-R1,9 yebhiliyoni ngexesha elikhokelela kwitumente yonyaka ka-2010. Oku kuquka utyalo-mali olukhulu kwimisebenzi yemizila kaloliwe nezixhobo zemizila kaloliwe ezifana nezikhululo zoololiwe kunye nokuxhaswa kokusetyenziswa kwenkonzo yezothutho isithuba seeyure ezili-18 ngemini. Lo msebenzi iza kuba yimbali engenakulibaleka kubantu baseKapa.
Ngaphandle kokuba negalelo kulwakhiwo lwesitediyam, iSixeko siza kusebenzisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwaso ukutyala imali kwimisitho nakwiindawo ezinxulumene netumente yonyaka ka-2010, ezifana neepaka zokuzonwabisa.
lwabiwo-mali lwalo nyaka ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo yaye kukho intlaninge yeeprojekthi ezabelwe iminyaka emininzi. Ezi projekthi ziquka ulondolozo olumandla kwiindlela kodwa kukwaqukwa nomsebenzi wokwakhiwa okanye ukuphuculwa okumandla kwezinye iindlela eziphambili.
Umzekelo, indlela iStrandfontein iza kuphuculwa ngeendleko ezifikelela kuma-R70 ezigidi kulungiselelwa indlela yokufikelela kummandla omtsha wophuhliso lwezindlu ePelican Park.
Izixhobo zogutyulo lwamanzi amdaka kummandla weKapa azikongeza nangona esi Sixeko sande kanabom kwisithuba seminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo.
Ikwabeka emngciphekweni uphuhliso lokuhluma kwezoqoqosho.
R285 ezigidi kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu kulungiselelwa ukuphuhliswa kwemisele emithandathu yogutyulo kuleyo yeSixeko.
Kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokuphuculwa kwamaziko abandakanyeka kulwabiwo lombane, afana nezikhululwana zolwabiwo lombane, iintambo ezihambisa umbane nezikhululo zeeswitshi zombane. Kubekwe phambili iindawo ezintathu kumjikelo wokuqala: ummandla woshishino lweSixeko, eRoggebaai nase-Green Point.
Ezinye iindawo ziza kulandela ngokwenkqubo yokuphuculwa kwezixhobo zokusebenza.
Ukuphuculwa kwamaziko ezithuthi zoluntu ngumsebenzi ophambili wesicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu salo nyaka. Ngaphandle kotyalo-mali oluninzi (R1,9 yebhiliyoni) olunikezelwe ngawo omathathu amacandelo karhulumente kwezothutho, iSixeko sikwazimisele ukutyala imali kweminye "imizila yokuhamba" exakekileyo okanye kwiindlela ukuxhasa ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwezithuthi zoluntu, nangamaxesha angenagxalathelwano lwezithuthi ezindleleni afana neempelaveki. Ukubekelwa bucala kwemizila ethile njengemizila yezithuthi zol-untu kuza kunyanzeliswa ngenjongo yokuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zoluntu nokuphucu-la ukusebenza kwazo ngokufanelekileyo.
Icandelo leenkonzo ezingxamisekileyo leSixeko saseKapa, ngokukoswa abacimi-mlilo beli candelo, badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni ubomi nendalo esingqongileyo. ISixeko kuyimfuneko ukuba siphantse sibuphinde ubuchule babasebenzi becandelo locimo-mlilot ukususela kuma-ukuya 700 to 1300 abasebenzi ukuze kunikezelwe inkonzo efanelekileyo. Iinkonzo ezingxa - misekileyo ziza kufumana esinye isixa sama R200 esigidii kulungiselelwa abasebenzi nama- r44 esigidii enkcitho -mali yokusebenza.
Ukujongana nazo zonke iimfuno ezimiselwe kwisicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu, iKapa lidinga abasebenzi abanezakhono, ingakumbi iinjineli nabalawuli beeprojekthi. Ngaphandle kwabo, iSixeko siya kufumanisa kunzima ukujongana nemisebenzi yaso ejolise kuyokwezezindli nakulondolozo nokwakhiwa kwezixhobo zokusebenza. Sele kubekelwe bucala enye inkxaso-mali kulung iselelwa ukuqeshwa kwabasebenzi.
Kulo nyaka iSixeko sizimisele ukumisela inkqubo yolondolozo lwezixhobo ezifana neendlela, umbane namanzi. Ulondolozo oluthintelayo luza kongela iSixeko iindleko ixesha elide.
Xa ungakhathalelwa umsebenzi wolondolozo, izixhobo ezifana nemibhobho, iimpompo nezikhululwana zombane namanzi kungaphela zifuna ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo. ISixeko sifuna ukukuthintela oku kwixesha elizayo.
ISixeko siphuhlisa isicwangciso sokusebenza ukuze xa sidityaniswe nezinye ii-arhente zonyanzeliso-mthetho sibe nakho ukuququzelela unyanzeliso-mthetho nokwakha isixeko esikhuselekileyo.
Isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu sibophelela iSixeko ukuba sijongane nemisebenzi ethile ephambili kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ezayo. Ukusebenza kweSixeko kuza kulinganiswa ngempumelelo yaso ekuphumezeni lo misebenzi iphambili.
ISicwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soPhuhliso sisicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu esikhokela zonke izenzo zocwangciso nezophuhliso kumasipala yaye sisazisa ukuba masityale phi imithombo yethu.
Injongo yeSicwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soPhuhliso kukuphuhlisa izicwangciso zesixeko siphela ezizuzisa iSixeko ngokubanzi, ngokunjalo nakwiindawo zoluntu ezizodwa. Esi sicwangciso yimveliso yenkqubo yovakaliso-zimvo, ephindwa rhoqo ngonyaka.
Zonke izimvo ezingenisiweyo sele zidluliselwe kumasebe afanelekileyo, naza kuqhubeka nokuthatha amanyathelo/ukwenza ungenelelo olufanelekileyo.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba ithuba elilandelayo lokuba uvakalise izimvo zakho ngeSicwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soPhuhliso (isicwangciso seSixeko seminyaka emihlanu) liya kuba ngoSeptemba/Okthoba 2007. Oku kuza kukunika elinye ithuba lokuba nempembelelo kuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali nakwizicwangciso zeSixeko.
Ikhutshwe siSixeko saseKapa, i-ofisi yeSicwangciso soPhuhliso esiHlanganisiweyo noLawulo loMsebenzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Identitydocumentforthefirsttime.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Incwadi yesazisi yincwadi eyazisa nengqina ngomntu. Iincwadi zezazisi zinikwa abemi baseMzantsi Afrika okanye abantu abaneepemethe zokuhlala isigxina kweli lizwe abaneminyaka eli 16 okanye nangaphezulu. Inganikwa nakubani osebenzela urhulumente okanye iqumrhu lasembusweni elingaphandle koMzantsi Afrika okanye umntu othunyelwe kwisikhundla sokusebenzela elinye ilizwe. Oku kugqithiselwa nakumlingane nabantwana balo mntu.
Uyakunyatheliswa iminwe ukuze ishicilelwe kwiNcwadi eBhale iNani neeNkcukacha zaBantu belizwe.
Abenzi-zicelo abatshatileyo mabakhuphe ikopi yesatifiketi somtshato.
Owasetyhini owenza isicelo sencwadi yesazisi kwaye enqwenela ukuphinda abuyele kuyo nayiphina ifani kwiifani awayekade esaziwa ngazo, makathi thaca ubungqina bokuba uvumelekile kuloo fani.
Umntu ongumngeni kweli lizwe owenza isicelo sencwadi yesazisi makafake kwesi sicelo ipemethe yokuhlala isigxina, isatifiketi sokwenziwa ummi weli lizwe okanye sokunikwa umnyenyevu, isatifiketi somtshato, kunye nefom ekuthiwa yi BI-529.
Izicelo zingathabatha iiveki ezifikelela kwisibhozo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Implem_plan_isixhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
URhulumente uyaziqonda izinto ezicela umngeni eziqulethwe lulawulo olufanelekileyo lweelwimi ezahlukeneyo. Kungenxa yeso sizathu uCwangciso loPhumezo lusenza isindululo sokulandela indlela enokuguquguquka nenenkqubela. Ngokomba wokuba uphuculo nophuhliso lweelwimi zethu luthathwa lungundoqo kwizibonelelo zomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi, uCwangciso loPhumezo lumema ukuba kusekwe izibonelelo zokusebenza zeelwimi nezixhobo ezifunekayo ezifanelekileyo ukuphumeza ngokugqibeleleyo usetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi kwiNkonzo yobuRhulumente. Ngako oko, amaqabane esisebenzisana nawo kumgangatho wesizwe, owamaphondo nowengingqi aya kuba nendima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo yophumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi.
Xa sithathela ingqalelo into ecela umngeni kuthi, singuRhulumente, kukuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso ngenkonzo efanelekileyo esabela kwiintswelo zabemi, kwanokuthu ulwimi yindlela esiqhagamshelana ngayo nabo, kunyanzelekile ukuba umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi kwenziwe ukuba usebenze ngokungxamisekileyo. Ngako oko ndimema bonke oogxa bethu, kuquka izigqeba zikarhulumente namasebe kwakunye neBhodi yeeLwimi Zonke zoMZantsi Afrika, ukuqinisekisa ukuba olu Cwangciso loPhumezo lwenza ukuba usetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi luguquke inyani ephathekayo kubo bonke abemi bomZantsi Afrika.
Olu Cwangciso loPhumezo luyinxalenye yeSakhelo somGaqonkqubo weSizwe weeLwimi (NLPF) esinika iziphumo kubonelelo lweelwimi njengoko kumiselwe kwicandelo 6 lomGaqosiseko, 1996 (UmThetho No. 108 wowe 1996). Xa uphelele, lo mqulu uya kuquka iNkcazelo yomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi, uCwangciso loPhumezo, umThetho weeLwimi zomZantsi Afrika nemimiselo ecetywayo, kwakunye nomThetho ocetywayo wabaSebenzi ngeeLwimi basemZantsi Afrika.
UCwangciso loPhumezo lunikelwa njengesindululo esinokuguquguquka ekunokongezwa kuso ezinye izakhiwo ezichongiweyo nezixhobo zokusebenza zokukhuthaza usetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi.
INkcazelo yomGaqonkqubo yeNLPF yapapashwa ngumPhathiswa wezobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe ngomhla we-3 Disemba 2002. IKhabinethi yathi yayamkela ngomhla we-12 Februwari 2003. Injongo yomGaqonkqubo kukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngokufanayo kweelwimi ezili- 11 ezisemthethweni ngenjongo yokulungiselela ukufikeleleka ngokufanayo kwiinkonzo zoburhulumente, ulwazi neenkcukacha, kwanokuhlonela amalungelo eelwimi. Ezi njongo zixhomekeke kwimpumelelo yokuphucula nokuphuhlisa iilwimi zabemi beli ebezikade zithotyelwe umgangatho ngaphambili. Njengoko ulwimi kusisixhobo esisebenzayo soqhagamshelwano kubomi babantu ngabanye kwanoluntu, kunyanzelekile ukuba kuhlelwe ubuchule bokulungisa ukungalingani kwangaphambili.
UmGaqonkqubo ucacile ngokuphathelele kumba wophumezo. Zonke izakhiwo zoburhulumente (kurhulumente wesizwe, wephondo nowengingqi) zibotshwa zizibonelelo zomGaqonkqubo, ngokufanayo nawaphi na amaziko anamagunya kuluntu okanye awenza umsebenzi woluntu ngokomthetho.
ISebe okanye iPhondo ngalinye lingakhetha ulwimi olusebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo kufuneka kuqaphelwe ukuba akukho mntu uya kuthintelwa ekusebenziseni ulwimi azikhethela lona. Xa kuthe kwakhona imfuneko, kufuneka kubonelelwe ngobukho beenkonzo zokutolika/ukuguqulela.
Ngokuphathelele kuqhagamshelwano olubhaliweyo, kufuneka kulandelwe inkqubo yopapasho eyamkelekileyo yosetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi (kuthathelwa ingqalelo umsebenzi, ababhalelwayo kwakunye nomyalezo) kwezo meko apho kungadingeki ukuba kupapashwe ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezili- 11. Nangona kunjalo, apho ukusebenza ngokukuko nokuzinzileyo kukarhulumente nakowuphi na umgangatho kufuna uqhagamshelwano olubanzi lweenkcukacha, kufuneka kupapashwe ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezili- 11.
Kwiimeko apho amaxwebhu karhulumente engenako ukufumaneka ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezili- 11, amasebe esizwe kuya kufuneka apapashe ngaxeshanye okungenani ngeelwimi ezintandathu.
Kuya kufuneka kusetyenziswe umgqaliselo wokujikelezisa xa kukhethwa iilwimi kumaqela esiNguni nawesiSuthu. Ngako oko, iimfuno ezilindelekileyo kumasebe esizwe aseburhulumenteni kukupapasha amaxwebhu asemthethweni ngeelwimi ezintandathu.
Umgqaliselo wokujikelezisa awusebenzi kumaphondo, njengoko eya kusebenzisa iilwimi zawo ezisemthethweni ezimiselweyo.
Oorhulumente bengingqi baya kwenza isigqibo ngosetyenziso lwelwimi neminqweno yoluntu lwabo phantsi kwesakhelo sesibonelelo somgaqonkqubo weelwimi wephondo. Kwakuba kwenziwe isigqibo ngosetyenziso lweelwimi neminqweno yoluntu, kufuneka oorhulumente bengingqi, ngothethathethwano olubanzi noluntu lwabo, baphuhlise, bapapashe kwaye baphumeze umgaqonkqubo wosetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi.
Ngokuphathelele kwinjongo yembalelwano esemthethweni, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ulwimi olukhethwa ngummi. Lonke uqhagemshelwano ngomlomo kufuneka luqhutywe ngolwimi olusemthethweni lwabantu abakhonzwayo. Xa kukho imfuneko, kufuneka kusetyenziswe yonke imizamo yokusebenzisa amalungiselelo eelwimi afana nokutolika (ngokulandela emva kwentetho, ngaxeshanye, ngemfonomfono nangokutolika bokusebezela) apho kunako ukwenzeka. Oku kusebenza kumasebe oburhulumente kumaphondo nakwisizwe.
Inkqubo yophumezo iya kukhokelwa zizimiselo neenjongo ezichazwe kumGaqonkqubo.
Ukuphuhliswa kweelwimi zabantu beli, kuquka nokusekwa kwezakhelo neemveliso zophuhliso ezifana nezichazimazwi neecwadi zemigaqo yolwimi.
Ukomeleza uxanduva lukarhulumente ukuqinisekisa ukuba amancedo okunikelwa kwenkonzo asasazwa ngokufanayo ngokubonelela ngofikelelo olulinganayo kwiinkonzo ngabo bonke abemi kungakhethwa lwimi ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuthatha kwazo inxaxheba nokuba nelizwi kwimiba yoburhulumente.
Ulawulo lweelwimi ukuqinisekisa intsebenziso eluncedo yazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni nokuphucula imo kaRhulumente kuluntu.
Ukukhuthaza ukufundwa kweelwimi, ezilungiswe ngokukodwa ukumelana neentswelo zeNkonzo yobuRhulumente, ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokuko kwamagosa karhulumente kwanokuba nesakhono emsebenzini nokwenza ukuba amancedo okuba neelwimi ezininzi abonakale.
Ukukhuthaza uthethwano oluphilileyo noluqhubekayo ngokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi kuthethwana nabathatha inxaxheba nabanomdla kwiilwimi.
Uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo luya kufezekiswa ngokwezigaba ngokulandelelana kwithuba elamkelekileyo.
Inkqubo yophumezo iya kuqhutywa kwiindima ezichazwe kakuhle nezilawulekayo.
Amandla okusebenza aya kwakhiwa ngokuwongeza ngokwamaxesha ukuze uphumezo lubenentsingiselo kwaye lwenzeke ngokukuko.
Impumelelo yophumezo iya kufuna ukuguqulwa kwesiqhelo sokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezisemthethweni kwizakhiwo zoburhulumente ukuqinisekisa ukuba iilwimi zabemi belizwe zisetyenziswa ngamandla kwimiba ebanzi.
Kuya kufuneka kubekho ulawulo olululo lwamancedo ngokuphathelele kwimfuneko ekhulayo yokuguqulela nokuhlela, ngokukodwa kwiilwimi zamaAfrika.
Ingqalelo ephambili iya kunikelwa kuqeqesho olongezelelweyo lobuchule kwinguqulelo nokuhlela, ukutolika, ubhalo lwezichazimazwi nobhalo lwesigama.
Inkqubela yophumezo lomGaqonkqubo iya kuhlolwa rhoqo ngokusebenzisana ngamandla neBhodi yeeLwimi Zonke zomZantsi Afrika (PanSALB). Iingxelo ezinzulu zohlalutyo olunjalo ziya kupapashwa.
Xa kukho imfuneko kuya kusekwa ikomishini yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ngenjongo yokunceda ekwenzeni izigqibo ngophumezo lomGaqonkqubo.
UmZantsi Afrika likhaya lweentlobo ezininzi zeenkcubeko neelwimi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kuthethwa iilwimi ezinokuba ngama- 25 kweli lizwe, apho ezili- 11 zazo zinikwe igunya lokuba zezisemthethweni ngokwecandelo 6 lomGaqosiseko.
Enye yeempawu ezibonakalayo zokubekeka kweelwimi zasemZantsi Afrika kube yimeko yokuswela amagunya kwezeelwimi kwelinye icala, nogonyamelo kwelinye icala. UmGaqonkqubo wangaphambili weelwimi ezimbini ezisemthethweni wadala unxulumano olungalinganiyo phakathi kwesiNgesi nesiBhulu (ekuzizo kuphela iilwimi ebezisemthethweni ngaphambili) neelwimi zamaAfrika. Ugonyamelo lwezi lwimi lwaba neziphumi ezininzi ezingathandekiyo kubantu abaninzi abathetha iilwimi zamaAfrika ngokuphathelele kuqhagamshelwano lwabo noRhulumente, nokufikelela kwabo kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente, ubulungisa, imfundo nemisebenzi.
Uphuhliso lweelwimi zamaAfrika lubalulekile ekulungiseni ukungalingani. Ilifa lokungaphuhliswa kweelwimi ebezihlelelekile ngaphambili ngokuphathelele kuzinziso nokubhalwa ngokukuko kwamagama, isigama sobugcisa nezichazimagama yinto ecela umngeni ngamandla kuphumezo olululo lomGaqonkqubo. Ngaphezu koko, ingxelo yeLANGTAG ikhomba ukuba imeko yokungaphuhliseki kwezi lwimi ibenegalelo elibi elenze ukuba nabantu abathetha ezi lwimi babe nendelo ngokubhekiselele kwezi lwimi. Ukukhetha isiNgesi kunye/okanye isiBhulu kuphembelele imo yabo xa bejongene nolwimi lwezobugcisa.
Into ecela umngeni ngamandla kuphumezo kukusetyenziswa kwelwimi njengangoku, okunxulumene ngamandla nemisebenzi emininzi yesiNgesi kumZantsi Afrika wasemva kocalucalulo. IsiNgesi sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi, oko kukuthi, kwizakhiwo zoburhulumente nakusasazo lweendaba (ezibhaliweyo nezobuchwepheshe), emsebenzini, njengolwimi loqhagamshelwano phakathi kwamaqela, nanjengolwimi lweInthanethi nenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe. Nangona isiNgesi sibonelela ngokufikeleleka kwamathuba emisebenzi nemfundo, ngaxeshanye sisithintelo kubantu abasilelayo kubuchule bolu lwimi. Nanjengoko isiNgesi sijongwa njengesitshixo sempumelelo newonga kwezentlalo noqoqosho sidala inkxalabo kusetyenziso nolondolozo lweelwimi zabemi beli nasekuphumezeni umgaqonkqubo wokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi.
Nangona kunjalo, ubugcisa esiNgesini abandanga kakhulu njengoko kulindelwe, kwaye ukuvela kweqela eliphucukileyo kulwimi kunokubakhona. Uphando lwesizwe malunga nolwimi entlalweni obelusekelwe ikomishini yiPanSALB ngowe 2000 lubonisa ukuba bangaphaya kwama- 40% abantu bomZantsi Afrika abakholisa ukungavisisi xa kuqhagamshelanwa nabo ngesiNgesi. Lufumanise ukuba uninzi lwabantu bomZantsi Afrika abakholisekanga yindlela iilwimi zabo zisetyenziswa ngayo lucancelo lwaseburhulumenteni. Uphando lufumanise nokuthi uluntu ngokubanzi lubona iNkonzo yoLuntu ingafikeleleki ngokweelwimi.
Ukongeza kuphuhliso lweelwimi zamaAfrika, kuya kubaluleka ngaloo ndlela ukuqinisekisa usetyenziso lwazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni. UCwangciso loPhumezo lujongene nale miba ngokwenza isindululo sokuba kusekwe izakhiwo ezithile nokuchonga izixhobo zokusebenza ukulungisa le meko.
Ukwamkela inyani yokuba ukuphumeza lo mGaqonkqubo kuya kuba linyathelo elikhulu ukusuka kwindlela esebenzayo njengangoku, kuya kusetyenziswa indlela eguquguqukayo nekhulisa uphumezo ngezigaba.
Nangona amasebe ali- 10 angundoqo enokubekwa phambili ekusekweni kwamacandelo eelwimi, kuya kufuneka onke amasebe oburhulumente aseke amacandelo eelwimi.
Ukupapashwa kokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi kuya kufuneka kungeniswe ngezigaba isithuba seminyaka emithathu ngokweenkqubo zamasebe zokupapasha iindaba. Umzekelo, kuya kufuneka kupapashwe ama- 30% kunyaka woku-1, 60% kunyaka wesi-2 ne- 100% kunyaka wesi-3 weendaba ezipapashwayo.
Izakhiwo ezithile nezixhobo zokusebenza njengoko kuxoxwa ngazo kwicandelo elilandelayo zikhuthazwa ngenjongo yokuphakamisa ukusebenza ngokukuko kophumezo. Izakhiwo ziya kudingeka ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi, ukuququzelela amaphulo ophuhliso, ukukhuthaza ubungcali nokuthethelela indima yeenkonzo zeelwimi, nokuphuhlisa amancedo okusebenza. INkonzo yeSizwe yeeLwimi (NLS) yeSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko (DAC) iya kwenza amalungiselelo okuseka izakhiwo ezifunekayo kwaye idlale indima yobuququzeleli ngokuphathelele kwizixhobo zokusebenza ezichongiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, impumelelo yophumezo iya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwintsebenziswano nazo zonke izakhiwo zesizwe nezamaphondo, kwakunye nePanSALB.
Ukongeza kwizibonelelo zokusebenza ezikhoyo zePanSALB neHansard, izakhiwo ekufuneka zisekwe ukulawula uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi ngamaCandelo eeLwimi, iQonga leSizwe leeLwimi neBhunga labaSebenzi ngeeLwimi bomZantsi Afrika.
I-PanSALB liqabane elinobuchule leDAC kwimicimbi yeelwimi. Ngaloo ndlela idlala indima ephambili kuphuhliso nophuculo lweelwimi ezisemthethweni zomZantsi Afrika, nakuzo iilwimi zesiRhoyi nesiSan noLwimi lokuThetha ngeZandla lomZantsi Afrika. Imisebenzi enxulumene nokusekwa kwezakhiwo ezintsha nezixhobo zokusebenza kuya kufuneka yenziwe ngokusebenzisana nePanSALB.
Ii-NLU ziya kuqhubeka ukuphuhlisa izichazimagama kuzo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni. Kuya kufuneka zinxulumane ngokusondeleleneyo neCandelo loQuquzelelo lweSigama leNLS. Unxibelelwano lokwenza ingxelo ngokusebenza kwazo neeNLB kuya kufuneka lichazwe ngokucacileyo.
Ii-NLB azakhiwanga kuphela ngamalungu athetha ulwimi lweenkobe malunga nolwimi oluchaphazelekayo, kodwa isibaluli esingamandla anolwazi lobungcali njengoko kulindeleke ukuba acebise iPanSALB kwimiba enxulumene nokuseka imiGangatho, iziChazimagama, isiGama noNcwadi. Anamagunya malunga nokwamkela izichazimagama nemigangatho yolwimi.
Ngokwemo yemisebenzi yazo yokwenza imithetho, iZindlu zoWisomthetho zamaPhondo kunye nePalamente, njengelungelo lazo, kufuneka zibonelele ngeenkonzo ngazo zonke iilwimi ezili- 11 ezisemthethweni. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko zenqila nazo ziya kumisela iilwimi ekuya kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Ngamanye amazwi, amaphondo akanyanzelekanga ukubonelela ngazo zonke iilwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni. IiOfisi zeHansard ePalamente nakumaphondo ahlukeneyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni lo myalelo. Ngaloo ndlela ke kunyanzelekile ukuba ezi ofisi zisebenze ngokusondeleleneyo namaCandelo eeLwimi nezinye izakhiwo ezichaphazelekayo.
Uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi luya kudala ukukhula okukhulu kwiimfuno zeenkonzo zeelwimi, ngokukodwa uguqulelo, ukuhlela nophuhliso lwesigama. Ngokophando lowe- 2001 lweDAC, izakhiwo zorhulumente wesizwe ezinokuba ngama- 40% nezamaphondo ezingama-80% zinamacandelo okujongana nemiba yoguqulelo nokuhlela, kodwa amacandelo ayashiyana ngobukhulu nangemisebenzi. Njengoko umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi uza kusebenza, imfuno yeyokuba onke amasebe orhulumente wesizwe nowamaphondo kufuneka abenawo amacandelo eelwimi.
Amacandelo eelwimi ajongene nokulawula uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi aya kusekwa kuwo onke amasebe oburhulumente nakwiphondo ngalinye.
okanye iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezikhethiweyo liphondo elo. Ukuthumela umsebenzi kubaguquleli babucala kuya kulawulwa ngumgaqonkqubo wokuthumela phandle ukuguqulela nokuhlela, ekuya kulindeleka ukuba ucacise ukukhutshwa kwezicelimaxabiso zeenkonzo zokuguqulela nokuhlela okungenani njalo kwiminyaka emibini.
Amacandelo eelwimi aya kuba yintsika yokuqinisekisa usetyenziso oluqhubekayo lweelwimi ezisemthethweni ngokwemfuno yomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi. Aya kuxhasa neenzame zokuphumeza usetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi.
Umsebenzi wala macandelo iya kuba kukulawula uphumezo lokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi kwisebe okanye iphondo elikhethekileyo nokunxibelelana namanye amasebe kwimiba yeelwimi.
Ukuzinzisa umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi kwisebe okanye iphondo.
Ukuphakamisa uqapheliso ngomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi nomGaqo wokuziPhatha kwiiLwimi phakathi kwesebe okanye iphondo.
Ukulawula nokulungiselela zonke iinkonzo zokuguqulela nokuhlela, nokuba zenziwa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle.
Ukuhlakula iziphoso nokushicilela amaxwebhu ngeelwimi ezisemthethweni.
Ukucebisa isebe okanye iphondo ngokusetyenziswa kolwimi (ngomlomo okanye ngokubhaliweyo).
Ukulawula nokulungiselela iinkqubo zokuqeqesha amagosa amatsha kuguqulelo, ukuhlela nophuhliso lwesigama, neenkqubo zeelwimi ngeelwimi ezisemthethweni kulungiselelwa amagosa esebe okanye iphondo.
Ukusebenzisana namabhunga eDAC nePanSALB (umzekelo, iikomiti zephondo zeelwimi, amabhunga esizwe eelwimi namacandelo esizwe ezichazimagama) ukuphuhlisa isigama.
Ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kolwimi olucacileyo kwiNkonzo yobuRhulumente.
Onke amacandelo eelwimi afunwa ngumGaqonkqubo kufuneka abe esekiwe ekupheleni kowama- 2005.
Kuya kusekwa iQonga leSizwe leeLwimi eliquka uthungelwano lokusebenzisana kwamabeli abavela kwizakhiwo zoburhulumente nezingekho ngaphantsi kukarhulumente. IQonga liya kudibana ngonyangantathu. Liya kuquka abameli bamaphondo naloo masebe esizwe oburhulumente ayinxalenye yenkqubo yokungeniswa ngezigaba, kwakunye nePanSALB nezakhiwo zayo. Njengoko kunokufuneka ubugcisa, kuya kufuneka ummeli weBhunga lamaZiko eMfundo ePhakamileyo abeyinxalenye yeQonga.
Injongo yeQonga leeLwimi kukukhuthaza iingxoxo ngomgaqonkqubo weelwimi nemiba yophumezo phakathi kwabasebenzi ngeelwimi neengcaphephe phantsi kokukhokelwa liSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko. Ugxininiso oluphambili lunokuba kukunxulumanisa izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zeelwimi neenkonzo ekuphumezeni iNLPF ngenjongo yokwandisa unxulumano nokusebenza ngokukuko ekusebenziseni amancedo. Kwakhona liya kuba liqonga lokwabelana ngezimvo nezehlakalo ngenjongo yokucwangcisa amaphulo neminye imisebenzi enxulumene noko.
Umsebenzi ophambili weQonga kukuhlola inkqubo yophumezo, ukujongisisa nokuhlela amaphulo ngokulandelelana ngokubaluleka, nokuqhuba amaphulo okwazisa. Liya kwenza nomsebenzi wonxibelelwano nokusebenzisana kwimiba yokuphumeza umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi. Ngaloo ndlela, injongo yalo enkulu iya kuba luphuhliso lwesigama namaphulo eelwimi ukuthintela naluphi na uphindaphindo lwemizamo, ngako oko landise imbuyekezo yotyalomali.
Kecetyiswa ukuba ukusekwa kweQonga leSizwe leeLwimi kwamkelwe ngokusesikweni.
IBhunga liya kwalathelwa ngumPhathiswa wezobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe kwaye liya kuquka umntu omnye onyulwe yiDAC, iDoJ, iPanSALB, iSAQA, neBhunga leMfundo ePhakamileyo, nabantu abathandathu abanyulwe yimibutho yeengcali neminye kumsebenzi woguqulelo, ukutolika, izichazimagama, isigama, ukuhlela ulwimi nomthetho. Amalungu eBhunga aya kuba sezikhundleni isithuba seminyaka emihlanu, kwaye aya kufaneleka ukuphindiswa ezikhundleni okanye ukwalathelwa ukuba sesikhundleni isithuba esingaphaya kwesinye. IBhunga liya kuba sisakhiwo sikarhulumente esisekwe ngokomThetho wePalamente.
Injongo yeBhunga labaSebenzi ngeeLwimi basemZantsi Afrika iya kuba kukuphakamisa umgangatho womsenzi ofundelweyo nokukhusela umgangatho womsebenzi owenziweyo. Liya kukhusela namalungu oluntu asebenzisa iinkonzo zeelwimi.
IBhunga labaSebenzi ngeeLwimi basemZantsi Afrika liya kulawula uqeqesho, uqinisekiso, nobhaliso lwabasebenzi ngeelwimi ngenzame yokuphakamisa umgangatho womsebenzi ofundelweyo weelwimi nomgangatho wemisebenzi yeelwimi ngokumisela nokulondoloza imigangatho. IBhunga liya kusebenzisana neenkqubo zoqeqesho zeSakhelo seSizwe seziQinisekiso (NQF) neBhunga leziQinisekisao zomZantsi Afrika (SAQA).
Izixhobo eziya kusetyenziswa ukulungiselela ukuphumeza umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi luphuhliso lwesigama, uguqulelo nokuhlela, ubuchwepheshe bezolwimi, umgaqo wokuziphatha weelwimi, isalathiso seenkonzo zeelwimi, uphengululo nophando lweelwimi, amaphulo okuqaphelisa ngeelwimi, iNkonzo yokuTolika ngeMfonomfono yasemZantsi Afrika, uvimba weenkcukacha, uphuhliso lweelwimi zokuThetha ngeZandla, imfundo yeelwimi nolwabiwomali.
Ukuphumeza umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi kuya kudala intswelo eninzi yokuguqulela nokuhlela, nophuhliso lwesigama kuzo zonke izihloko luya kubaluleka kakhulu, lufunise intsebenziswano nabathatha inxaxheba, amacandelo eelwimi namabhunga eelwimi (umzekelo amacandelwana ePanSALB afana namacandelo esizwe ezichazimagama, amabhunga esizwe eelwimi neekomiti zeelwimi zamaphondo). ICandelo lokuQuquzelela isiGama (TCS) leNLS liya kuzuza intsebenziswano ephilileyo ngokuthethelelwa liQonga leSizwe leeLwimi. Kuya kusekwa uVimba wesiGama weSizwe ngekhompyutha liSebe leDAC ukulungiselela ukufikeleleka nokusasazwa kwesigama ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni. Uvimba wesiGama uya kufikeleleka ngokusebenzisa I-Inthanethi kwaye iya kuhlaziywa okungenani kanye ngenyanga.
Njengangoku iNkonzo yeSizwe yeeLwimi ijongene namaphulo aliqela ukuze kuyilwe uvimba wesigama wokusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi okuqa iinkcukacha ngezihloko ezahlukeneyo, kwaye okwaziyo ukuvelisa uluhlu lwamagama ngeelwimi eziliqela ezihlanganisiweyo. Ngokweentswelo ezizodwa okanye izicelo uluhlu olunjalo lwesigama lungabonelela ngeenkcukacha ezifana neenkcazelo, imizekelo yezivakalisi, umongo ngokubhaliweyo, nemvelaphi yokupapashiweyo.
Intsebenziswano evela macala-onke namazwe emZantsi Afrika kuphuhliso lweelwimi okwabelanwa ngazo ngokwahlulwa yimida iya kukhuthazwa.
Njengangoku, kukhangeleka zisilela izibonelelo zokusebenza ngokutolika, ukuguqulela nokuhlela. Xeshikweni amacandelo eelwimi aya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekujongeni le meko ngokungephi, umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwemfuno nentswelo yeenkonzo zeelwimi namandla okubonelela ngeenkonzo ezinjalo kuya kufuneka uhlolwe.
IziKhokelo zomGaqonkqubo wokuGuqulela nokuHlela zinenjongo yokubonelela ngezikhokelo zangaphakathi zokuguqulela, ukuhlela nokuhlola amaxwebhu kwanokuthumela amaxwebhu ngaphandle ngenjongo yokuphucula ufezekiso lwenkonzo ngokubonelela ngomsebenzi womgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuxhobisa abasebenzi, ngokukodwa kuguqulelo, ukuhlela, ukutolika, izichazimagama nesigama, kuya kufuneka ukulungiselela ukuphumelela kophumezo lomGaqonkqubo. Uqeqesho ngokuphathelele kulawulo lokusetyenziswa kolwimi luya kujongwa ziinkqubo zoqeqesho eziphuhliswa yiDAC nePanSALB ngokusebenzisana nababoneleli beenkonzo abaqinisekisiweyo.
Kuya kuthethathethwana nabanikeli benkonzo ukuthi bahlele iinkqubo zamathuba asikelwe ixesha zoqeqesho usemsebenzini ukulungiselela abasebenzi ngeelwimi abakhoyo njengangoku, kuya kunikelwa ngamancedo okufunda kubasebenzi abatsha nakubasebezi abakhoyo njengangoku. Iinkqubo zoqeqesho ziya kuquka izifundo zethuba elifutshane, uqeqesho xeshikweni usebenza neenkqubo zoqeqesho ngokusisigxina.
Ukusebenzisana neSAQA, iDoE namaziko emfundo, yenye yeendlela, ebalulekileyo ekulungiseni ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi abaziingcali kwiilwimi. Iimfuno zeSakhelo seSizwe seziQinisekiso (NQF) ziya kulandelwa ekuyileni nasekuphumezeni iinkqubo zoqeqesho.
Ukuzuza nokuphuhlisa ubungcali babo bonke abasebenzi bakarhulumente kwiilwimi ezingezizo ezabo zeenkobe kuthathwa kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokukuko kufezekiso lwezithembiso kwiNkonzo yoLuntu. Iinkuthazo ziya kuphuhliswa yiDAC, ngokusebenzisana ngokusondeleleneyo nePanSALB, iDoE neDPSA, ukukhuthaza abasebenzi bakarhulumente ukubanako ukusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi ngokufunda nokulondoloza iilwimi ezongezelelweyo.
Kufuneka kusetyenziswe iteknoloji ukulungiselela intsebenziswano phakathi kwabathatha inxaxheba kwezeelwimi kwakunye nokuphuhlisa iilwimi zabemi beli lizwe. Imveliso zekhompyutha ezifana neenkqubo zokusebenzisa amagama, iinkqubo zolawulo lwesigama nemveliso yokuguqulela kufuneka zinxibelelane ukuze zikhuthaze ukutshintshana ngesigama nezinye iinkcukacha phakathi kwawo onke amacandelo eelwimi nabathatha inxaxheba abafana neHansard namacandelo esizwe ezichazimagama (iiNLU).
Ukusabela kwimfuneko yokukhawelezisa uphuhliso lweelwimi zabemi beli nokuzuza nokulawula izibhalo zekhompyutha ezinokusebenziseka kwakhona novimba wamazwi, iDAC izimisele ukuxhobisa nokubonelela ngezibonelelo zokusebenza zolwazi lweteknoloji. Iilwimi zabemi beli ziya kuxhaswa ngobuchule obutsha bophuhliso kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe obutsha, uthungelwano nokusebenza.
Umgaqo wokuziphatha weelwimi wabasebenzi bonke bakarhulumente uya kuyalela indlela abasebenzi bakarhulumente baya kuqhagamshelana nokuthethana noluntu ngayo ukuze banikele ngenkonzo efanelekileyo. Umgaqo wokuziphatha uya kuquka imigqaliselo yeBatho Pele njengoko iNkonzo yoLuntu inoxanduva lokubonelela ngolwazi olupheleleyo, noluchanekileyo kubasebenzisi benkonzo ngolwimi abaluvisisa ngokugqibeleleyo. Umgaqo uya kugxininisa into yokuba akukho mntu olindele inkonzo okanye umsebenzi karhulumente oya kuhlelelekiswa okanye abesebubini ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi.
I-DAC, kunye neDPSA ngokubonisana namanye amasebe oburhulumente, iya kuphuhlisa isasaze umgaqo njengoko kubonelelwa ngawo kumThetho weeLwimi zamZantsi Afrika. UmPhathiswa uya kupapasha imimiselo malunga nomgaqo kwiGazethi ekupheleni kowama- 2005.
Ukongeza kupapasho olukwiGazethi, kuya kusasazwa nopapasho olubhalwe ngolwimi olufikelelekayo olulula ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amagosa karhulumente ayawuqaphela umgaqo.
Isalathiso seenkonzo zeelwimi (umzekelo. Iinkcukacha ezinamagama afanelekileyo amaziko/iinkampani/amacandelo eelwimi, uguqulelo, ukuhlela, neenkonzo zesigama, ucwangciso lweelwimi) siya kuphuhliswa. Iikopi zesi salathiso ziya kusasazwa kwizakhiwo zikarhulumente wesizwe nowamaphondo, nakwimibutho yeelwimi neyunivesithi. Siya kufumaneka nakwisiza sekhompyutha seDAC kwaye siya kuhlaziywa ngokuqhubekayo. Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lophumezo lomgaqonkqubo luya kuphakanyiswa ngokubonelela ngeenkcukacha ngezibonelelo ezifumanekayo nezakhiwo zeelwimi.
Kukwakho nemfuneko yeqonga eliqhelekileyo/isixhobo elijongene nomsebenzi wokuqokelela nokusasaza iinkcukacha ngomgaqonkqubo weelwimi nemiba yophumezo, imizamo neendlela (ikakhulu kumgangatho wesizwe, kodwa nakumgangatho wenqila (emZantsi Afrika) nakumgangatho wezizwe).
Iinjongo kukukhuthaza ukutshintshiselana ngeenkcukacha, kwakunye nophando nentsebenziswano phakathi kwamaziko okulawula iilwimi namaqela anomdla. Ukongeza kwiphepha leendaba lenyangantathu, kuya kusekwa kulondolozwe isiza sekhompyutha. Iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo nezindululo ezivela kwabathatha inxaxheba ziya kufunwa ngamandla yiNLS.
Uphumezo lomgaqonkqubo oluqhubekayo nolusebenzayo nophengululo luya kufuna iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ngendlela yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi neziqhelo za ngoku ukuze kuchongwe amandla nobuthathaka bomGaqonkqubo nokuhlola inkqubela yalo. Uphando nophicotho lweeLwimi luya kuqhutywa ngokusebenzisana namabhunga afanelekileyo eelwimi afana nePanSALB kwakunye namaziko ophando nophuhliso. Iziphumo ezifunyenwe kule misebenzi yokuphanda nokuphicotha ziya kunceda urhulumente ekwenzeni izigqibo ezivisiswayo malunga nophumezo lomGaqonkqubo.
Kuya kulindelwa ukuba amacandelo eelwimi aphicothe ubungcali obukhoyo beelwimi kwakunye namandla abasebenzi kwisebe okanye iphondo. Olu lwazi luya kubaluleka kakhulu malunga nokugaya, ukuphumeza umGaqonkqubo wokuziPhatha weeLwimi nokumisela iintswelo neemfuno zesebe okanye iphondo ngokukhethekileyo.
Amaphulo okuqaphelisa ngeelwimi ayafuneka ngenjongo yokuvuselela umdla woluntu kwimiba yeelwimi.
g yokukhuthaza ukunyamezelana ngokweelwimi apha emZantsi Afrika yokuqaphelisa ngamancedo okuhlala noluntu olusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi; kwakunye yokuqinisekisa imvisiso echanekileyo yokutolikwa komgaqonkqubo kuwo onke amanqanaba.
Amaphulo okuqaphelisa ulwimi olukhethekileyo aya kuqhutywa ngamacandelo eelwimi (awesizwe nawamaphondo), iDAC nePanSALB. Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwendima yawo kuphumezo lomgaqonkqubo weelwimi, amasebe oburhulumente/abasebenzi bakarhulumente kuya kuba ngabo abajongwe ngamandla kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala. Amaphulo alungiselelwe uluntu ngokubanzi aya kuqhutywa ngaxeshanye. Izinto ezingafaniyo zokukhuthaza (umzekelo izaziso eziya kufakwa kumaphephandaba neencwadi zeendaba eziya kusasazwa) kwaye noqhagamshelwano lweendaba luya kuphuhliswa ukulungiselela iphulo ngalinye.
Kwimekobume yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi, utoliko ngemfonomfono lubonelela uRhulumente ngezixhobo zokusebenza ezinendleko eziphantsi ukususa izithintelo zolwimi nokufikelela ngokufanaya kwiinkonzo azinikelayo. Le ndlela yokutolika ilula ngokwamkelekileyo kwaye yindlela enendleko eziphantsi zokususa umgama welizwe ngokufikelela kwetoliki ngemfonomfono. Ngaloo ndlela ukutolika ngemfonomfono kuyilungele ngokukodwa imeko embaxa yokusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi kummandla womZantsi Afrika, apho ubonelelo ngenkonzo yeelwimi inofuneka ngokukhawulezileyo kwimeko yengxakeko kwiindawo zokukhonza abacela uncedo njengakwiitliniki nezikhululo zamapolisa, apho iilwimi ezinokufuneka nexesha lokubonisana zingakwazi ukwazeka ngethuba.
I-PanSALB seyiseke iiNLB ukuba ziphuhlise, zikhuthaze kwaye zichonge izinto emakuqalwe ngazo ukuphuhlisa isiRhoyi, isiSan neeLwimi zomZantsi Afrika zokuThetha ngeZandla ukuze kuphuculwe umgangatho wazo. Ziya kuxhaxswa nazo ezinye izakhiwo ezikhoyo zokukhuthaza uphuhliso lweeLwimi zomZantsi Afrika eziThethwa ngeZandla namaphulo awela imida. Ukusebenzisana nabathatha inxaxheba kubalulekile kulo mba.
Usasazo lweendaba luya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuyileni ukuqaphela kwiSakhelo somGaqonkqubo weeLwimi. Injongo yokusebenzisa usasazo lweendaba iya kuba kukufikelela kuluntu ngenjongo yokulufundisa ngeziqulatho zomGaqonkqubo ukuze luvisise amalungelo alo noxanduva. Usetyenziso losasazo lweendaba kwimiba yomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi luya komelezwa. Ukongeza kusasazo lweendaba ngoshicilelo nobuchwepheshe, isiza sekhompyutha seDAC siya kusetyenziswa ukusasaza ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi. Amanye amasebe oburhulumente nawo aya kukhuthazwa ukuphakamisa intsebenziso yeelwimi ezininzi kwiziza zawo zekhompyutha nakwizinto azipapasha ngaphandle.
Kuya kufuneka zonke izakhiwo zikarhulumente zibonelele ngenkxaso elingeneyo yemali ukulungiselela uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi ngokulandela imijikelo yeSakhelo seNdleko zeThuba eliPhakathi (MTEF), apho usetyenziso lwezigaba luqalisa ekuqaleni konyakamali wama- 2003/4.
Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezikumgangatho ezifana nezoLawulo (umzekelo, ukufuduka, uhambo, indawo yokuhlala, iofisi, neendleko zemfonomfono), kwakunye noovimba/uluhlu lwezinto (ezipapashwayo, ushicilelo, amaxwebhu, izinto zokubhala, izixhobo zeofisi) nezixhobo zokusebenza (iikhompyutha, izixhobo zesandi, izixhobo zemfonomfono) nazo ziya kuba negalelo kwiindleko.
Uhlelo olulapha ngezantsi lubonisa luthelekise uqikelelo lweendleko zecandelo lweelwimi olufakwa ngezigaba zethuba leMTEF.
Ukulungiswa kocwangciso lophumezo ngokwesebe nokubala iindleko.
Uphuhliso lokubala iindleko nolwabiwomali lwesebe.
Ukufumana imithombo yenkxasomali.
Amasebe namaphondo aya kuba noxanduva lolwabiwomali lokuphumeza iNLPF kulawulo lwawo.
Abasebenzi bamaCandelo eeLwimi baya kugaywa ngamasebe asebenzayo nanikwe uxanduva lokuqeqesha emsebenzini yiDAC, ngokusebenzisana namagosa ePanSALB. Iinkqubo ezisesikweni zokuqeqesha ziya kuphuhliswa (jonga ku- 2.2.2).
Kuya kubakhona umahluko ngobukhulu bamacandelo amasebe namaphondo ahlukeneyo. Inani labasebenzi ngeelwimi abafunekayo kwicandelo leelwimi kuya kufuneka lilawulwe ngokuhambelana neenkqubo zokupapasha nolwabiwomali lwesebe nephondo.
Ubukhulu bamacandelo eelwimi buya kumiselwa yinkqubo yomsebenzi nobugcisa obufunekayo ukuqhuba nokuphumeza umGaqonkqubo. Ukwenza umzekelo, Iqela lamagosa kuya kufuneka liquke abaguquleli, abahleli, abacwangcisi beelwimi, abhali besigama, ababhali bezichazimagama, njalo njalo.
Isebe-leDAC liyaqaphela ukuba ukuphumeza umGaqonkqubo kuya kuzisa izinto ezingamandla ezicela umngeni. Nangona kunjalo, liya kuthembela ngamandla kwintsebenziswano yawo onke amaqela achaphazelekayo ukuguqula zonke iinjongo ezixeliweyo zibe zizenzo.
kwiKhabinethi koCwangciso loPhumezo 3. Ukunikelwa kwiKhabineti umThetho oYilwayo weeLwimi zasSA 4. Ukubonisana neKomiti yePalamente yeSizwe 5. UmThetho oYilwayo ubekwa ePalamente loPhumezo lwamkelwe yiKhabinethi 3. UmThetho oYilwayo weeLwimi zaseSA wamkelwe yiKhabinethi 4. Imvume yeKomiti yePalamente yeSizwe 5. UmThetho oYilwayo udlulisiwe wamkelwa 5.
phantsi komThetho 2. UmGaqo weeLwimi olusebenzayo 2.
weeLwimi waseSA wokuziPhatha wamaGosa kaRhulumente 2.
Ukuseka amacandelo eelwimi 1. Uphicotho lobungcali kwezeelwimi negunya lokulungiselela ugayo olunokwenzeka kumagosa akhoyo 2. Amagosa akhoyo 1. Iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ezibonisa ukusebenza kweelwimi kwizakhiwo Amasebe asebenzayo kunye neDAC 1. April 2004 2.
Ukuseka iBhunga labaSebenzi bezeeLwimi bomZantsi Afrika Ukuseka umbutho wokunika isiqinisekiso kubaguquleli, iitoliki, abayili besigama nabayili bezichazimazwi, kwanokulawula umsebenzi wobungcali 1. Uluhlu lweengcali zolwimi e-SA 2. Iingcali ezivunyiweyo zeelwimi 3.
Ukuphakamisa umgangatho weelwimi zamaAfrika kuquka isiRhoyi nesiSan noLwimi lokuthetha Ngezandla 1. Ukuqhuba amaphulo okuqaphelisa ngeelwimi 2. Ukuchonga eminye imiba yeelwimi ethinta isizwe 3. Ukuphakamisa ukuqaphelwa kwendima yabantu abathetha ulwimi 1. Ukungenela kwizakhiwo zikarhulumente ukulandela uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo 2.
Ucwangciso lophumezo lusekwe kwinkolo yokuba umThetho weeLwimi zaseSA uya kusebenza ngoSeptemba 2003.
weelwimi 2. Ukuqhuba indibano yokubonisana namagosa 3. UQulunqo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi 4. Ulwabiwomali lokuphumeza umGaqonkqubo ngokushiyana ngokunyuka (30% kunyaka woku-1; 60% kunyaka wesi-2; 100% kunyaka wesi-3) 2. Ukungenela kwamagosa 3. UmGaqonkqubo oDibeneyo weeLwimi 4. Inkxasomali eyaneleyo yokuphumeza umGaqonkqubo 2. AbaPhathi abaPhezulu 3. AbaPhathi abaPhezulu 4. UMLAWULI-JIKELELE 3.
Ukuseka 1. Ukwenza isigqibo ngobukhulu 1. Ngokuhambelana neemfuno 1. AbaPhathi 1.
kwezeelwimi namandla esigosa 3.
Ukuguqulela nokuhlela amaxwebhu phantsi komGaqonkqub o 1. Ukwandiswa ngezigaba kwamaxwebhu enguqulelo nokuhlela (30% kunyaka woku-1; 60% kunyaka wesi-2; 100% kunyaka wesi-3) 2. Ulawulo lokuthunyelwa kwenguqulelo kubaguquleli abazimeleyo: . Ukulawula umgangatho.
Ukushicilela amaxwebhu phantsi komGaqonk qubo 1. Ukungenela ikontraki nabashicileli ukushicilela amaxwebhu ngokulandela ukhetho lwezigaba (30% kunyaka woku-1; 60% kunyaka wesi-2; 100% kunyaka wesi-3) 2.
Ukusebenza kunye neNLS 1. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiindibano zeelwimi zokuphumeza umGaqonkqubo, zemiba yoguqulelo nokuhlela 2. Ukubonelela ngesigama kwiNLS ngenjongo yokuxhasa uphuhliso lweelwimi noququzelelo lwesigama 1. Ukuhambela iindibano rhoqo 2.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Importanimalsandanimalproducts.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Kudingeka iphepha lemvume yokungenisa izilwanyana xa ungenisa izilwanyana okanye iimveliso zezilwanyana kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Zikho izivumelwano zokungenisa izilwanyana kunye neemveliso zezilwanyana kweli lizwe. Njengoko izinto eziyimfuneko zempilo ziguquka rhoqo, nceda unxulumane neCandelo loBuqondisi beMpilo yeZilwanyana ukuze uqonde ngezinto eziyimfuneko zakutshanje.
Iintlawulo zingenziwa kananjalo kwiiofisi zeSebe lezoLimo ezikuluhlu lwee-Iindawo zoqhagamshelwano.
Ukuba wenzela omnye umntu isicelo, nceda uqinisekise ukuba uhlawula phantsi kwegama laloo mntu okanye laloo nkampani.
Kwiimeko apho izilwanyana kufuneka zivalelwe, umntu ozingenisa kweli makanxulumane neGosa lokuValelwa kwezilwanyana kwisango lokungena.
Kufuneka kugcwaliswe nge-English, ngugqirha wezilwanyana ogunyaziselwe ukwenza njalo liZiko loLawulo lwemibandela yeZilwanyana lelizwe elithumela ngaphandle, kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 10 zokumka kwazo.
Ukuba kukho inkcazelo edingekayo malunga neemfuneko nqo zesilwanyana esithile okanye imveliso ethile yesilwanyana, iikopi zokubonisa zePemethe yokuNgenisa iZilwanyana kweli kunye nezeSatifiketi seMpilo yeZilwanyana, zingafumaneka kwi-Ofisi yeePemethe.
iPemethe eluqobo lwayo yokuNgenisa iZilwanyana kweli iSatifiketi esiluqobo lwaso seMpilo yeZilwanyana nayiphina enye incwadi echaziweyo, umzekelo, iSibhengezo soKhuseleko ekubekweni ityala, iSatifiketi sokuGonyelwa uMgada, njalo-njalo.
Xa ungenisa izilwanyana eziphilileyo zasefama, ezifana neenkomo, iigusha, iibhokhwe, amahashe , kufuneka ufumane ipemethe yokuphucula izilwanyana phambi kokuba kukhutshwe ipemethe yokungenisa izilwanyana.
Zombini ezi pemethe ziluqobo lwazo kufuneka zithiwe thaca kwiGosa leZilwanyana kwisango lokungena, ndawonye neSatifiketi esiluqobo lwaso seMpilo yeZilwanyana esikhutshwe lilizwe elithumela ngaphandle.
Intlawulo okanye ubungqina bentlawulo kufuneka bukhaphe ifomu yesicelo. Akukho sicelo siya kulungiswa ngaphandle kobungqina bentlawulo.
Kuthabatha iintsuku zokusebenza ezintathu okanye ezine ukuze kuphunyezwe ipemethe akube ugqirha wombuso wezilwanyana esivumile.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Importanimalsforspecificpurposes.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
yemiboniso, izibhengezo zentengiso, ukhuphiswano yokusebenzisa amadlelo ngenjongo yoshishino yokuhombisa ngezoshishino indawo yokutyebisa izilwanyana ezizakuxhelwa okanye ukuxhela ngokungqalileyo yokunikela kumhlabi ozalisayo.
Izicelo ezingazaliswanga ngokupheleleyo ziya kuphindiswa kumenzi wesicelo yaye akukho xanduva luya kwamkelwa malunga nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka.
Malunga neenkonzo zogqirha wezilwanyana okanye unikelo lwexeshana kumhlambi wokuzalisa, kufuneka imvume ezuzwa kumbutho wabazalisi abachaphazelekayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Importanimalvaccines.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze ungenise iyeza lokutofa elibhalisiweyo ukuze ulisebenzise kwizilwanyana, kufuneka ufumane iphepha lemvume yokungenisa kwiCandelo loBuqondisi beMpilo yeZilwanyana . Le pemethe yokungenisa isebenza ixesha eliqingqiweyo kwaye isebenza kumthwalo omnye kuphela.
Ukubangaba ufuna ukungenisa iyeza elingabhaliswanga ukuze lilingwe eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka ubeneepemethe ezimbini. Ipemethe yokuqala iphuma kuMphathi woBhaliso ngokoMthetho 36 ka 1947 kwaye enye iphuma kwiCandelo loBuqondisi beMpilo yeZilwanyana . Isicelo sepemethe ephuma kuMphathi woBhaliso ngokoMthetho 36 ka 1947 kufuneka sikhatshwe sisivumelwano esipheleleyo solu lingo lupoposhwayo. ICandelo loBuqondisi beMpilo yeZilwanyana likhupha ipemethe yokungenisa kuphela xa lifumene ikopi yepemethe ekhutshwe nguMphathi woBhaliso ngokoMthetho 36 ka 1947. Iyeza elingeniselwe ukulingwa alithengiswa.
Kwimeko yonxunguphalo, apho kuqhambuke isifo kwaye kungekho yeza libhalisiweyo elifumanekayo eMzantsi Afrika, kungayimfuneko ukuba kusetyenziswe iyeza elingabhaliswanga. Ngoko ke, wena, njengomntu onqwenela ukungenisa iyeza kweli lizwe, kufuneka wenze isicelo kwiBhunga lokuLawula aMayeza ukuze ufumane umnyenyevu weCandelo 21 ngokoMthetho woLawulo lwaMayeza neeMveliso ezaYamene nawo.
Ukwadinga ipemethe yokungenisa, kwiCandelo loBuqondisi beMpilo yeZilwanyana, ukuze eli yeza lingene kweli lizwe. Eli Candelo likhupha le pemethe yokungenisa kuphela wakube ufumene imvume kwiBhunga lokuLawula aMayeza yaye ubuthumele ubungqina kweli candela. Kule meko ke, eli yeza lingabhaliswanga lingathengiswa ixesha eliqingqiweyo kude kufunyanwe ubhaliso.
ubungakanani bomthamo igama lemveliso isithako okanye izithako ezisebenzayo, kubandakanywa nentlanganisela yezithako ilizwe eliphuma kulo umenzi weyeza inombolo yombhumbuthu womthwalo oyakungeniswa iphepha lenkcazelo yobuchule okanye umbhalo wokuphawula okuqulathiweyo , onenombolo yobhaliso yequmrhu lokugqalisela lelizwe ebhaliswe kulo le mveliso isango lokungena inkcazelo yokuba ifuneka nini na le mveliso umba wokuba le mveliso ingeniselwa iinjongo zokulingelwa ubhaliso lweemveliso zokunceda imfuyo ubume bobhaliso lwemveliso kwezinye iindawo iSivumelwano soLingo esineenkcukacha , kubandakanywa imihla ekulindeleke ukuqaliswa ngayo uqwalaselo olulodwa lekamva lokutya okuphuma kwizilwanyana ezivelisa ukutya kunye nokuthabatha uxanduva lokulandela iimfuno zamachiza.
Xa ufumana ipemethe yokungenisa kuMphathi woBhaliso ngokoMthetho 36 ka 1947, okanye umnyenyevu ngokweCandelo 21 loMthetho 101 ka 1965, thumela ikopi yayo kunye nesicelo sakho semethe yokungenisa izilwanyana kwiCandelo loBuqondisi beMpilo yeZilwanyana.
Ukubangaba iyeza sele libhaliselwe ukusetyenziswa eMzantsi Afrika ngokoMthetho 36 ka 1947, udinga kuphela ipemethe enye yokungenisa, kwiCandelo loBuqondisi beMpilo yeZilwanyana. Thumela ikopi yobhaliso ngokoMthetho 36 ka 1947 nesicelo sakho.
Nceda wenze isicelo sepemethe yokungenisa izilwanyana okungenani kwiiveki ezintandathu phambi kokuba uthumele kweli. Akuba ugqirha wezilwanyana wombuso esivumile isicelo, kuthabatha iintsuku zokusebenza ezimbini ukuyakutsho kwezintathu ukuze i-ofisi yeepemethe iqhubekise kwaye ikhuphe ipemethe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Importchemicals.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukubangaba ufuna ukungenisa iikhemikhali eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka ubenemvume eqingqelwe le meko esuka kwiCandelo loBuphathiswa bezoRhwebo naMashishini okanye kubanxulumanisi balo. Eli Candelo loBuphathiswa liyakwenza isigqibo sokuba ingaba ukungenisa iikhemikhali kweli lizwe kungowona mnqweno ungcono woluntu na.
Inyathelo lokulawula impahla nezinto ezingena elizweni elinikwa ngokwale nkonzo liphakamisa ulawulo lwempilo nokhuselo lwemo yezokusingqongileyo, ndawonye nokuhambisana nokhuseleko kunye nomgangatho. Eli nyathelo likwaqinisekisa ukuba iikhemikhali zihambisana neemfuneko zemo yezokusingqongileyo.
Hambisa ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadi yakho yesazisi kunye neyencwadi yegunya lokumela omnye umntu okanye yencwadi yegunya lokumela omnye umntu ukubangaba wenza isicelo egameni lenkampani.
Hambisa iifom zesicelo kwiCandelo loBuqondisi boLawulo lweMpahla neZinto eziNgena kweli Lizwe kunye neziThunyelwa kuMazwe aNgaphandle.
Kungathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuze kuqhubekiswe isicelo sakho.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Importofanimalsandgeneticmaterial.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Xa umenzi wesicelo engasayini isicelo ngokwakhe, ileta egunyazisa umntu osayinayo njengearhente yokuthi asayine egameni lomenzi wesicelo, kufuneka ikhaphe isicelo.
Xa umenzi wesicelo engene kwisivumelwano nomthumeli wangaphandle wesilwanyana okanye into engeniswa elizweni phantsi kwemiqathango yokuthi izabelo, iintlawuliso okanye iziyekelelo ziya kuhlawulwa ngaphezu kwexabiso lentengiso, kufuneka isicelo sikhatshwe yileta evela kuMlawuli Jikelele we-Department of Trade and Industry yokuqinisekisa ukuba iSebe lisamkele isivumelwano esinjalo.
Izicelo ezingazaliswanga ngokupheleleyo ziya kuphindiswa kumenzi wesicelo.
umnombo owandisiweyo weenzala ezimbini iirekhodi zokusebenza kwesilwanyana isiqinisekiso sokuhlelwa kwegazi.
I-Veterinary Import Permit ineemfuno ezikhethekileyo ekufuneka zingqinwe nguGqirha weziLwanyana woRhulumente welizwe elithumela okungeniswa elizweni phambi kokuba umthwalo wento engeniswa elizweni uthunyelwe. Iimfuno zingafunyanwa kuMlawuli oyiNtloko: Impilo yeziLwanyana.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Importormovedairyproducts.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ubenephepha lemvume yokungenisa izilwanyana xa ungenisa okanye ugqithisa iimveliso zederi eMzantsi Afrika.
Yenza isicelo sepemethe okungenani kwiiveki ezintandathu kodwa ingezoveki ezigqithe isibhozo phambi kokuba uqalise ngamanyathelo eenjongo zakho.
Ungafaka apha kwifom, itshekhi ebhalelwe ukuhlawuleka kuMqondisi-Jikelele weZolimo , kwaye uyiposele kwi-adresi enikiweyo ethubeni.
Iintlawulo ungazenza nakwii-ofisi zeSebe leZolimo ezidweliswe phantsi kwesihloko esithi Iinkcukacha zonxulumano.
Ukuba wenzela omnye umntu isicelo, nceda uqinisekise ukuba uhlawula phantsi kwegama laloo mntu okanye laloo nkampani.
Akukho sicelo siyakuphunyezwa bungekho ubungqina bentlawulo. Ubungqina bokufakwa kwemali bungathunyelwa ngefeksi kwinombolo ethi: 012 329 8292, bubhalelwe ukwamkelwa ngu: Ina Labuschagne.
Esi Satifiketi seMpilo yeZilwanyana kufuneka sigcwaliswe nge-English, ngugqirha wezilwanyana ogunyaziselwe ukwenza njalo liZiko loLawulo lwemibandela yeZilwanyana lelizwe elithumela ngaphandle, kwaye siprintwe kwiphepha leli ziko elinesihloko esigunyazisiweyo zingadlulanga iintsuku ezilishumi phambi kokuhanjiswa kwale mveliso.
Ukuba kukho inkcazelo oyidingayo malunga neemfuneko nqo zemveliso ethile, iikopi zokubonisa zePemethe yokuNgenisa iZilwanyana kweli kunye nezeSatifiketi seMpilo yeZilwanyana, zingafumaneka kwi-Ofisi yeePemethe.
iPemethe eluqobo lwayo yokuNgenisa iZilwanyana kweli iSatifiketi seMpilo yeZilwanyana esiluqobo lwaso esikhutshwe ngugqirha wezilwanyana welizwe ezivela kulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Importusedvehicle.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukubangaba ufuna ukungenisa eMzantsi Afrika izithuthi ezingamasekendi okanye esele zisetyenzisiwe, kufuneka ubenemvume elungiselelwe le meko esuka kwiCandelo loBuphathiswa bezoRhwebo naMashishini okanye kubanxulumanisi balo. ICandelo loBuphathiswa liyakwenza isigqibo sokuba ingaba kungowona mnqweno ungcono woluntu na ukuba kungeniswe kweli lizwe ezi zithuthi zingamasekendi okanye sele zisetyenzisiwe.
Kufuneka uhambise ifom eqingqiweyo yesicelo ukuze wenze isicelo sepemethe yokungenisa impahla nezinto kweli lizwe. Iipemethe zokungenisa impahla nezinto kweli ziyafuneka kuzo zonke impahla nezinto eziphantsi kwamanyathelo olawulo lwempahla nezinto ezingena kweli.
Nika iSebe ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadi yakho yesazisi.
Nika iSebe ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yesatifiketi sobhaliso lwesithuthi.
Kungathabatha ixesha elifikelela kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuze kuqhubekiswe isicelo sakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Individualhousing.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
ummi waseMzantsi Afrika okanye umntu onephepha lemvume yokuhlala isigxina eMzantsi Afrika umntu otshatileyo okanye ohlala nesinqandamathe sethuba elide abantu abangatshatanga abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama 21 ubudala kwaye abanabantu abaxhomekeke kubo ingeniso-mali yekhaya liphelele yi R3 500 okanye ngaphantsi zange ngaphambili wabangumnikazi wepropati yokuhlala abenzi-zicelo abakhubazekileyo abenza izicelo zeenguqulo ezizodwa.
Gcwalisa ifom yesicelo efumaneka kuphela kwiSebe lezeZindlu kwiPhondo, ezibhankini nakoomasipala.
incwadi yesazisi isatifiketi somtshato isatifiketi sokuzalwa ubungqina bengeniso-mali, kunye nencwadi yesigqibo sentengiso.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Informationfromthedeedsregistry.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
umnikazi obhalisiweyo wepropati imiqathango echaphazela loo propati imiyalelo yenkundla yokuthintela izenzo ezithile kunye neekhontrakthi ngokuphathelelene nale propati ixabiso lokuthenga le propati imigaqo yoyilo lwenkqubo yetayitile yecandelo ikopi yekhontrakthi yabantu abazakutshata ukuze umntu ngamnye azigcinele impahla nezinto zakhe, ekuthiwa yi-antenuptial contract , izigqibo zamalungelo athile wokusebenzisa ipropati yomnye umntu ngeenjongo ezithile, ukubambisa ngepropati njengesetyhorithi yemali-mboleko, njalo-njalo ikopi yesicwangciso setayitile yecandelo okanye imigaqo yoYilo lweNkqubo yeTayitile yeCandelo.
imiqathango yokusekwa kwedolophana okanye ilokishi elicandelo lesixeko inkcazelo yezigqibo zasemthethweni eziphathelelene nepropati okanye isigqibo sasemthethweni.
amagama apheleleyo kunye nenombolo yesazisi okanye inombolo yesazisi yomnikazi wepropati, okanye okungenani umhla wakhe wokuzalwa.
inombolo echanekileyo yeploti yomhlaba kunye nelokishi elicandelo lesixeko okanye igama kunye nenombolo yefama , hayi i-adresi yesitalato.
Ukufunisa kungathabatha imizuzu engama 30 ukuya kwengama 60. Kwezinye zee-ofisi ezinkulu, ikopi yesigqibo sasemthethweni ithunyelwa ngeposi okanye kufuneka iyokuthathwa emva kwexesha elithile.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Internationalsocialservices.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
I-ISS inceda abantu ngokobuqu babo kunye neentsapho ezineengxaki zobuqu kunye nezentlalo, futhi xa aba bantu nezi ntsapho bedinga intsebenziswano phakathi kwamazwe. Iyafumaneka kuye nawuphina umntu apha eMzantsi Afrika nangaphandle kweli lizwe.
Hambisa isishwankathelo esigqityiweyo sombandela kummeli wephondo we-ISS kwi-Ofisi eNkulu yeSebe loPhuhliso lweNtlalo lephondo.
Izicelo ezisuka kubantu abahlala ngaphandle kwaseMzantsi Afrika.
Yakube ifumene isicelo esisuka kwilizwe langaphandle, i-ISS SA ibhekisa lo mbandela kummeli wendawo wephondo oyakuthi yena enze amalungiselelo wokuba unontlalontle wendawo aphande ngalo mbandela kwaye anike ingxelo kwisebe lephondo. Yakube ifunyenwe le ngxelo, iyakuthunyelwa kwi-ISS SA, eyakuthi yona iyiphonononge kwaye iyithumele kubabandakanyeki, ndawonye neziphawulo, imibuzo kunye nemiba ethandabuzekayo okanye imiba ethandabuzekayo.
EMzantsi Afrika le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa. Kumazwe athile kusengafuneka intlawulo kwiinkonzo ezithile. Ezi ntlawulo ziyahluka ngokwamazwe ngamazwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. IssuanceofISTAcertificates.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
ISatifiketi esi-Orenji sikhutshwa xa ibinza likhiwe ngokugunyazisiweyo kumthwalo wembewu kwaye uvavanyo luqhutywa phantsi kwegunya lalaa labhorathri inoqinisekiso lokuvunywa nokwamkelwa ekhuphe ibinza.
IZatifiketi ezi-Orenji neziLuhlaza zisebenziseka kumthwalo wembewu ezithathwe kuwo, kodwa sona iSatifiketi esiBlu sisebenziseka kuphela kwibinza elifunyanelwe ukuvavanya.
Cela ukunikwa amanani agunyazisiweyo wemithwalo yembewu.
Lungisa imithwalo yembewu ukuze kukhiwe amabinza. Oku kubandakanya ukuphawula imithwalo ngamanani anikiweyo emithwalo. Inkonkxa nganye kufuneka iphawulwe okanye incanyatheliswe iphetshana ekubhalwe kulo okuqulathiweyo nelichaza amanani anikiweyo embewu.
Xa imithwalo yembewu ilungele ukukhiwa kwamabinza, biza umphengululi azokukha ibinza.
Amabinza athunyelwa kwi-OSTS kwaye avavanyelwa umgangatho, kuze ke kukhutshwe isatifiketi esibandakanyekayo.
Hlawula umlinganiselo wentlawulo yokuvavanya imbewu. Kwakube kufunyenwe amabinza, kukhutshwa i-invoice.
Yenza isicelo seSatifiketi esiLuhlaza ngencwadi ebhalelwe kwisihloko esigunyazisiweyo sombutho wakho, kuba akwenziwa ukuphawulwa komthwalo wembewu nokukhiwa kwebinza okugunyazisiweyo.
ISikhululo esiGunyazisiweyo sokuVavanya iMbewu sibeka phambili ukuvavanywa kwamabinza embewu alungiselelwe ukuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Iintlobo-ntlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso zezityalo zivavanyelwa phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye ixesha elithatyathwa luvavanyo lungahluka ukusukela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kutsho kwiiveki ezimbalwa.
I-OSTS iyazama ukuntshulisa amabinza embewu kumthwalo omnye phantsi kweemeko zokuvavanya ezifanayo. Kwakhona, iindidi ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo zingacelwa yiklayenti. Ngoko ke, akukho nkcazelo inganikwa malunga nomgangatho wenkonzo ofikelelwayo. Buza kwiziko ngokwalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Joinleanership.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
I-learnership yinkqubo yokufunda ekhokelela kwisiqinisekiso solwazi lomsebenzi. Ii-Learnership zibandakanya ukufunda kwigumbi lokufundela, kwiziko loqeqesho okanye kwikholeji, kunye nokuqeqeshelwa emsebenzini ngqo kwindawo yokusebenza. Ukuze uthabathe inxaxheba kwi-learnership, umqeshi kufuneka avume kwaye abenako ukunika i-learnership.
Ngubani ongenza isicelo?
Nabani na ogqibe esikolweni, kwikholeji okanye eyunivesiti kwaye ongasebenziyo. Abantu abangasebenziyo kufuneka babhalise njengabantu abafuna umsebenzi kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
Ubude be-learnership buxhomekeka kwicandelo ngecandelo, kodwa budla ngokungabi ngaphantsi konyaka omnye.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
Cinga ngohlobo loqeqesho nomsebenzi owufunayo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukubangaba uthanda ukuba phandle, ungenzi sicelo somsebenzi wase-ofisini.
Amava omsebenzi; amagama abaqeshi bangaphambili nomsebenzi owawuwenza.
Ezinye izakhono ezifana nezakhono zekhompyutha; ingaba unelayisensi yokuqhuba na, njalo-njalo.
Bhalisa njengomntu ofuna umsebenzi kwiziko lezabasebenzi elikufuphi kuwe. Oku kuya kunceda ekubeni abaqeshi bakufumane xa befuna ukuqalisa i-learnership.
Cela abahlobo nosapho bakujongele izithuba kwaye ujonge nezaziso kumaphephandaba.
Mana uvela kwiziko lezabasebenzi kwaye ulungise iinkcukacha zakho xa zitshintshile.
Ubude benkqubo yee-learnership abufani, kodwa budla ngokungabi ngaphantsi konyaka omnye.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Yenza isicelo kwiSebe leZabasebenzi okanye kwiziko lezabasebenzi elikufuphi kuwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.K.87102.1.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > K > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Umhlobo wam wafunyaniswa ukuba uphila nentdholongwane kaGawulayo kwisithuba seminyaka esibhozo eyadlulayo futhi uqalisa ukugula kungoku nje. Ungumzali oyedwa futhi ukhathzwa kukuba ngubani na na oya kujongana nentwazana yakhe eneshumi elinesibini leminyaka ubudala ukuba uthi asutywe kukufa. Undicelile ukuba ndiyihoyw le ntwazana, yaye ndiya kwenjenjelo. Ingxaki ke kukuba akazi ukuba makayichazele njani na le ntwazana ukuba uphila nale ntsholongwane. Ingaba kukho endinokukwenza ukumnceda kulo mba?
Impendulo: Into ekubalulekileyo ukuba umhlobo wakho ayazi kukuba lininzi ixesha lokucinga nokucwangcisa ekumele kwenziwe. Enye yezona zinto zinzima abazali abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ekufuneka bejamelene nazo kukuxelela abantwana babo ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Amaxesha amaninzi boyika kakhulu ukuthetha nabantwana babo. Kodwa ke oku kuthula kungayingozi kumntu wonke. Abantwana bayakhathazeka xa bebona ukuba kukho nto ingahambi ngendlela futhi bangazigxeka bona ngokugula nokukhathazeka kwabazali babo.
Ukuyixelela intwazana yakhe kungabaluleka ukuze ibe nokuzilungiselela ixesha apho unina athi asutywe kukufa, udinga ixesha lokuthi ndlela-ntle. Kufuneka babe kunye kangangoko banakho.
Ayiyo nto ilula kubazali ukuxelela abantwana babo ukuba baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Abantwana banokuzifumana bekwimeko efanayo naleyo abazali babekuyo xa babeqala ukufumanisa ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Umzekelo, kusenokuba baziva besoyika, benemisindo okanye benxunguphele. Kufuneka ikhumbuleke ke neyokuba ukuziva ngolu hlobo ngexesha lale meko yinto eqhelekileyo.
Xa exelela intwazana yakhe ukuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, umhlobo wakho kufuneka aqwalsele ezi zinto zilandelayo: (a) intwazana yakhe le ingabuza imibuzo emininzi futhi ingadinga inkxaso eninzi. Kubalulekile ke ukuba avunyelwe abuze imibuzo. (b) Zama ukunikezlea iimpendulo ezicacileyo nezinyanisekileyo. Kufuneka enikwe zonke iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo (c) Umhlobo wakho kufuneka ayithathele ingqalelo indlela intwazana yakhe eziva ngayo ngalo mba ze futhi ayikhuthaze ukuba ithethe ngendlela eziva ngayo ingakumbi ngoloyiko lwakhe ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu.
Kungabaluleka kakhulu kumhlobo wakho ukuba acele elinye/amanye amalungu osapho osapho (asele wawaxelela ngaphambil ngalo mba) ukuba abekho emva kokuba edize isimo sakhe ngale ntsholongwane kwintwazana yakhe, ukuyinika ufifana lokuba ungibani na yena. Ubukho bakho ukuza kunikezela ngenkxaso ngeli xesha linzima kangaka kuya kuba lulutho, njengoko buya kunceda ekusekeni ubunye phakathi kwakho nentwazana le. Ukuvumela le ntwazana ukuba iveze indlela eziva ngayo ngokosuleleka kukanina yintshologwane kaGawulayo kuya kuyinceda izive ixhasiwe. Oku kungakwenza lula ukuba ithethe nawe namane amalungu osapho ngonina emva kokuba ethe wasutywa kukufa. Intwazana le iya kudinga inkxaso eninzi ngoku ingakumbi ngexesha lokusweleka kukanina. Inkxaso enikwa intwazana yakhe iya kumenza umhlobo wakho naye azive ephumle.
Kungaluncedo kumhlobo wakho nentwazana yakhe ukuseka indlela yokuphilisana ekhayeni, into abaya kuthanda ukuyenza ngamaxesha onke. Oku kungenzeka kanye ngeveki mhlawumbi. Umzekelo, ukuba nesidlo esisodwa sasemva kwemini, ukubukela umboniso bhanya-bhanya kunye. Inokuba yinto intwazana le engakhetha ukuqhubekeka iyenza nawe emva kokusweleka kukanina, into eza kukhumbulula unina ngayo neya kumnika amandla okuqhubekeka nobomi.
Enye yeendlela zokudala iinkumbulo ezibalulekileyo ingakukugcina ibhokisi yeenkumbulo. Umhlobo wakho lo angaqokelela yonke into ebalulekileyo kuye ze ayifake kule bhokisi yeenkumbulo, umzekelo, ingalisuntswana lempahla enxitywayo, imifanekiso, izihombiso okanye amakhadi awodwa. Umhlobo wakho usenokubhalela intwazana yakhe incwadana yembalelwano eyixelela indlela ayithanda ngayo ze ayifake le ncwadi kule bhokisi yembalelwano ukuze ibe nokuvulwa emva kokusweleka kwakhe. Iintwazana le mhlawumbi ingafumana ukuzinza okukhulu ekuberni nento ebambekayo ukuze iyikhumbuze ngonina kwanothando abebenalo bobabini.
Bobabini umhlobo wakho nentwazana yakhe badinga inkxaso eninzi kweli xesha, futhi banethamsanqa ngokuba wena uzibnika ixesha lokuba nabo ubaxhase ngeli xesha linzima kangaka ebomini babo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.K.87102.17.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Umbuzo: Ndivile ukuba urhulumente uya kube enikezela ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kubantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane kwilixa elizayo. Ndingathanda ke ukwazi ukuba le nkqubo iya kusebenza njani na ukuze nam ndibe nokufikelela kula machiza.
Impendulo: Unyanisile xa uthi amachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo aya kufumaneka kuluntu ngokubanzi, kodwa ke noxa kunjalo, abanyanzelekanga bonke abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuba bawasebenzise la machiza ukuphucula impilo yabo. Unyango ngala machiza lunceda abantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane ukuba baphile ubomi obude nobusempilweni kuba kaloku injongo kukunciphisa izinga lale ntsholongwane emizimbeni yabo (lowo ke ngumthwalo abanawo wale ntsholongwane emizimbeni yabo) kube ke ngoko komelezwa amajoni abo omzimba. Apha eMzantsi Afrika abantu abakwizigidi ezintlanu sele bephila nale ntsholongwane (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuthi omnye kwithoba ngalinye labantu uphila nayo) kodwa ngamakhulu amahlanu amawaka kuphela abantu ekufuneka befumene unyango lwala machiza kuba kaloku uninzi lona lusesempilweni. Elona xesha umntu ophila nentsholongwane ekuya kufuneka efumene unyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kuxa benesibalo se-CD4 esingaphantsi kwama-200 (esi sibalo se-CD4 ke luvavanyo olubonisa ukomelela kwamajoni omzimba) okanye isigulo esichaza ukuphila noGawulayo (umzekelo wesi sifo ke kukwehla kakhulu kobunzima bomzimba, isifo esidumbisa inwebu yobuchopho, isifo sokukral kwemiphunga, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, isifo sephepha esibetha ngaphandle kwemiphunga, izifo zomhlaza, izifo ezinento yokwenza nokungcola neencukuthu). Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ube kanti umelene nezi meko zimbini ngaphambi kokuba ube nakho ukufumana unyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo.
iNtshona Koloni yenza izicwangciso zokumisela xa kufika inyanga kaTshazimpunzi ka-2004 iya kube sele inamaziko alishumi elinethoba apho abantu baya kufumana khona la machiza ze amanye amaziko alishumi elinesine avulwe ekuhambeni kwaloo nyaka, nto leyo ke iwabeka kumashumi amathathu anesithathu la maziko okuzibandakanya koluntu nale nkqubo yokufikelela kumachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Izigulana eziphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuthunyelwa kule nkqubo xa isibalo sabo se-CD4 singaphantsi kwama-200 okanye kufunyaniswe ukuba baphila nesifo esichaza ubukho bukaGawulayo.
Umqathango wokuba isigulana eso kufuneka sibe kanti sizinikele ekusebenziseni olu nyango lumachiza mathathu ubomi baso bonke.
Ukuxelela umntu oza kuba 'ngumlingane kule nkqubo yonyango' okanye umncedisi wesigulana eso ukuqinisekisa ukuba le nkqubo iyathotyelwa futhi iyathobeleka. Kubalulekile ke oku, njengoko ukuthabatha usebenzise amachiza amaninzi nahlukeneyo ngexesha elifanayo ngosuku ngalunye, ntsuku zonke ubomi bakho bonke ingeyonto ilula ukuyenza ngaphandle koncedo. Isigulana eso kufuneka siyithobele imiqathango yokusetyenziswa kwala machiza ukuze siqinisekise ukuba umzimba waso ufumana amachiza awaneleyo kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba ayasebenza la machiza emzimbeni waso.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso asizintyintyi kakubi ngamachiza, ingakumbi utywala. Isizathu soku ke kukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso asiphathwa kakubi kukutyeka kwesibindi saso butywala obo. Ngapha koko ke, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa ngendlela yiyo nangenyameko la machiza xa umntu aphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala. Isigulana eso sikwakhuthazwa ukuba siphile ubomi obusilungeleyo nobusempilweni yaye saziswe ngeengozi zokusebebnzisa amachiza akhabanayo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso siya kuba nakho ukuzimasa imihlangano emithathu yokunikezelwa kolwazi kwanemibini yokunikelwa kweengcebiso noncedo ngendlela yokuphila. Le nkqubo ke iya kuthabatha iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezisibhozo ukuze ibe nokugqibelela. Injongo yoku iya kuba kukufundisa isigulana esi kuthotho lwezinto eziquka ulwazi ngala machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo, injongo yawo, ukuba asebenza njani, iziphene, ukubaluleka kokuthotyelwa kweemeko zokusetyenziswa kwawo kwaneemeko apho umzimba ungawevayo la machiza. Abacebisi ke nabo kuya kufuneka benze uvavanyo lwemeko yokuhlala neyengqondo yesigulana eso ukuze iqela lezonyango lifikelele esigqibeni sokuba isigulana eso siwalungele na la machiza. Ukuba kufunyaniswa ukuba isigulana eso siwalungele amachiza la, kuya kufuneka sinikwe iingcebiso ze sinikwe nemiyalelo yokutyelela iiklinikhi. Ukuba isigulana eso asikawalungeli la machiza umcebisi nesi sigulana baya baya kusebenzisana ekuseombululeni le ngxaki ukuze isigulana sibe nokufikelela kula machiza.
Isigulana kufuneka sivume ukuthabathela kuso uxanduva lwempilo nonyangp lwaso. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba isigulana esi sizinikele ekusebenziseni iipilisi, ukuzimasa yonke imihlangano yokunikezla ngolwazi kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba uyayithobela imiqathango yokuba kule nkqubo.
Xa ndiqoshelayo ke, abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuba nakho ukufikelela simahla kunyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo xa amajoni emizimba yabo edodobele yaye edinga ukomelezwa (apha ke kuxa isibalo sabo se-CD4 singaphantsi kwama-200) naxa bebonakalisile ukuba bakulungele ukuzinikela kuxanduva lokujongana nonyango lwabo ubomi babo bonke. Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka uye kweyona klinikhi ikufutshane nawe ukuze ube nokufumana uvavanyo lokuba ngokwenene ukulungele na ukwamkelwa kule nkqubo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA.K.87102.19.19.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > K > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Ndinabantwana ababini abangaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka ubudala yaye bayathanda ukundihlaba imibuzo ngemiba enzima. Kutsha nje, imibuzo yabo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo ikhe yanobuzaza de ndanzinyelwa nakukuyiphendula yaye kungoku nje ndiziva ngathi ndisoloko ndingazithembanga ngempendulo endibanika yona nokuba mandiwuxoxa ngaluphi na umba othile nabo. Ndiyazi ke noko ukuba kufuneka benalo ulwazi. Ndithini?
Impendulo: Ukuncokola nabantwana ngemiba enzima kusoloko kubashiya abazali bezibuza ukuba bayingene kakuhle nangendlela efanelekileyo na imicimbi ethil. Intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo yimicimbi enobuzaza kakhulu ekubeni umntu angancokola ngayo ebantwaneni kangangokuba isinzimela kakhulu sonke. Naxa siqalisa ukuncokola ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo siya kufumanisa ukuba kufuneka sichaphazela neminye imiba ebandakanyekayo efana nokwabelana ngesondo nesini.
Umbono wakho uphile wokuba abantwana aba kuyafuneka benalo ulwazi uphile kakhulu xa uchaphazela intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo. Kanye njengokuba sibafundisa abantwana bethu ngeendlela zokuwela umgaqo ukuze bakhuseleke ze babe nawo namacebo okumelana nemeko enganobungozi kuba, kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukuba sibafundise ngezinye iimeko ezinokubabeka esichengeni. Sizama ukukhulisa abantwana kwiingingqi ekugquba kuzo ubundlobongela, apho abantu bosuleleka mihla le yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, apho iziyobisi ziya zisetyenziswa kakhulu yaye zifumaneka lula, yaye ukwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ingaseyonto inganqabanga. Konke ke oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba kufuneka sizaqme ukulungisa ze sincokole ngayo ynoke le miba, kufuneka sibe kanti siyayikhuthaza indlela yokuncokola ngendlela ekhululekileyo. Oku ke kuya kuquka ukuphendula imibuzo kwanokumamela ngenyameko nokuba umba/imiba leyo kuncokolwa ngayo akululanga ukuncokola ngayo.
Kutheni kubalulekile nje ukuba abazali bancokole nabantwana babo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Xa abantwana bekubuza imibuzo kungokuba bekuthembile ukuba uya kubanika ulwazi abaludingayo. Ngamanye amaxesha ke basenokubuza kuba befuna ukuqinisekisa okanye ukungqinisisa izinto abazixelelwe ngabanye abantu ezinokunganyaniseki! Nokuba babuzela ntoni ke kodwa, oko kukunika ithuba elihle lokuqala ukuncokola ngemiba enzima.
Musa ukungazinzi! Abantwana bakho bangakubuza imibuzo ongenazimpendulo zayo nenokukwenza ungabi nakuzibamba. Ukungazinzi, okunokukhokelela ekubeni ungabi nakuphendula okanye ekuwugxibheni okanye ekungawuhoyini loo mbuzo, akuyi kunceda. Ulwazi olululo lungabanceda bahlale bekhuselekile ze benze nezigqibo ezibhadlileyo.
Yikhuthaze Incoko - Khululeka ekuncokoleni nabantwana bakho ngento yonke. Ncokola, wabelane, uhleke, unxibelelane!
Qala Kuselithuba - Ukuqala beselula abantwana kuya kuyenza lula nkqubo. Xa abantwana bakho sele bengumlisela nomthinjana baya bekulungele ukucinga nokwenza izinto ezibhadlileyo, yaye aya kuba mancinci kakhulu amathuba okuba benze izigqibo ezingabhadlanga.
Cingisisa - Lihloniphe inqanaba nobudala babantwana bakho. Musa ukubanika oluninzi kunolo balufunayo okanye baludingayo. (Umzekelo, umntwana onesithandathu nonethoba leminyaka ubudala baya kuba nemibuzo neenkathazo ezahlukileyo). Ukuba akuqinisekanga, cela iingcebiso ozinikezelayo. Musa ukuqhubekeka uthetha naxa sele bengasamamelanga.
Qala Iincoko - Qiniseka ukuba niyathembana nabantwana bakho kwiincoko. Khangela iindlela zokuqala ukuncokola ngemiba enzima NGOKU!
Thetha Rhoqo! Ukuncokola kube kanye emva kwexesha elide ngemiba yesondo akuyi kubanceda abantwana bakho ekufumaneni ulwazi abaludingayo. Phinda-phinda. Qinisekisa ukuba uviwe futhi iyaqondakala le nto uyithethayo. Abantwana aba badinga ukuva izinto rhoqo ukuze babe nokufumana izifundo kuzo.
Thembakala - Ukuba awunayo impendulo yombuzo othile, baxelele. Ukuba akuyiboni kakuhle indaba yokuncokola nabo ngemiba yesondo. Kodwa ke zama ukuyitsho loo nto ngendlela engabathinteliyo ukwenzeni incoko nawe. Mghlawumbi ke usenakho nokumcebisa umntwana lowo ukuba aye kuncokola okanye abuze kwesinye isizalwane okanye umsebenzi wezempilo. Ngaphezu, mxelele ukuba ungahamba naye! Zama ukufunda nabantwana bakho.
Qinisekisa ukuba uxhobile! Akunakusoloko uqikelela ukuba umntwana uza nomba onzima na. Kodwa ke kuyafuneka ukuba ube nalo ufifana ngemiba echaphazela intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo yaye kufuneka uzive uzinzile xa uncokola ngemiba enobuzaza.
Ezi ngcebiso zisuka: kwaLoud and Clear - indawo enikezela ngeengcebiso ekuncokoleni nabantwana bakho ngemiba enzima!
Zininzi ke kodwa iindawo onokuya kuzo ukuze ufumane uncedo.
neLove Life, (011) 327 6863 okanye ke utyelele iwebsite yabo www.lovelife.org.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.K.87102.20.20.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > K > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Umbuzo: Umyeni wam wafumaniseka ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Besisoloko sihlangana nomcebisi kodwa ke isekho eminye imiba endingekayiqondi ngezinto awandixelela zona. Saxelelwa ukuba akunakuyifumana intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokuthi wabelane ngekopi, amacephe namalaphu, kodwa ke ndinabantwana abathathu abaminyaka ilishumi elinesibini, elishumi nesixhenxe ubudala yaye ukungazinzi kwam kusukela kwinto yokuba ndicinga ukuba singabosulela ngendlela nje elula ke phofu.
Impendulo: Ukuze ube nakho ukuthintela ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo kubalulekile ukuba umntu azazi iindlela esasazeka ngayo le ntsholongwane ukuze abe nokuthintela ngempumelelo ukosuleleka.
Umcebisi wakho ebenyanisile xa ebesithi akunakho ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokudibana nje nomntu ophila nayo, mhlawumbi ukwangana, ukwabelana ngokutya, ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokutya ezinye, ukuxhawulana, ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese enye, okanye ke ngenye indlela yokuhlangana apho kungekho gazi libandakanyeka ngenxa yesilonda esivulekileyo somntu onayo. Izinambuzane ezifana neengcongconi nazo aziyisasazi intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokuthi zimfimfithe amagazi abo.
Ukwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga.
Abantu abaninzi bosuleleka ngokuthi babelane ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga (ngamanye amazwi ke ngokungasebenzisi zintsilathi).
Amanina aphila nentshlongwane kaGawulayo angayidlulisela le ntsholongwane kwiintsana zawo ezingekazalwa ngexesha esakhulelwe, ngexesha lokubeleka nokukhutshwa kosana esibelekweni, okanye ke nangokobisi lwebele.
Ukufaka Igazi Esele Losulelekile Emzimbeni Wakho.
Umntu angosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo nangokuthi kufakwe igazi elinale ntsholongwane emzimbeni wakhe. Oku ke kungenzeka ngenxa yesilonda esivulekileyo, ukwabelana ngezinto zokucheba iintshebe okanye iinaliti ebezisetyenziswe ngumntu osele ephila nale ntsholongwane, ngokufumana igazi elinale ntsholongwane xa kunikezelwa ngegazi.
Kodwa ke, lonke igazi ekuphiswa ngalo liqala livavanyelwe intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphambi kokuba ligqithiselwe kwabanye abantu ukuqinisekisa ukuba igazi elinikezelwayo likhuseleke kangangoko.
Ingathinteleka njani kanene le ntsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Abazali kufuneka bancokole ngemiba yesondo nabantwana babo kuselithuba. Abantu, ingakumbi abantu abasebatsha, kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba bangazibandakanyi kwiintshukumo zokwabelana ngesondo de babe bakulungele oko yaye kufuneka bavumelane namaqabane abo ngokuthembakala omnye komnye kuthando oluzinzileyo.
Iintsilathi kufuneka zisetyenziswe rhoqo apho umntu azibandakanya kwintshukumo yokwabelana ngesondo nomntu angenguye lo mnye athandana naye.
Xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokugqobhoza isikhumba ezifana ne , iinaliti okanye izirinji, ezi zixhobo kufuneka zibe ntsha okanye ke zihlanjisiswe kakuhle. Ezi zixhobo akufuneki kwaberlwane ngazo ngabantu.
Iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa ziyawadodobalisa amandla amajoni omzimba ze zenze nomzimba ube semngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zizifo ezininzi.
Onke amanina kufuneka afune ulwazi ngokukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuba akhulelwe futhi bazame ukufumanisa ukuba abanayo na le ntsholongwane kaGawulayo, umntu abhalise ukukhulelwa kwakhe kweyona khlinikhi yemicimbi yokubeleka ikufutshane naye ukuze abe nokuvela kwiincwadi zeklinikhi leyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba banakho ukwenza konke abanakho ukuthintela ukosuleleka kweentsana zabo yintdholongwane yile ntsholongwane.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Landinvasions.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umhlaba wombuso kunye nomhlaba onobunikazi babucala, ungangenelelwa ngokungekho mthethweni.
Urhulumente unoxanduva lomgaqo-siseko lokuqinisekisa - xa kuyimfuneko, nangokusebenzisa izinto eziyimfuneko ezifumanekayo - ukuba bonke abemi banako ukuxhamla amalungelo abo asisiseko okufikelela kumhlaba nakwezezindlu okanye kwezezindlu. Xa kuqhubeke iimeko ezizodwa ezifana nokungenelelwa ngokuphangaleleyo nangokumandla kumhlaba othile, urhulumente ukwanoxanduva olufana nolu, lokuncedisa abanikazi bomhlaba babucala bakhusele umhlaba wabo.
Abantu , abangawufumaniyo umhlaba wezolimo, bangacela iSebe lezeMihlaba ukuze bancediswe bafumane umhlaba wezolimo ofanelekileyo. Abantu abadinga izindlu bangadibana nomasipala wendawo yabahlali, okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, iSebe lephondo okanye lelizwe lezeZindlu ukuze bancedwe.
liyakucela inkundla ikhuphe umyalelo wokukhupha abangeneleli abangekho mthethweni bomhlaba wombuso ophantsi kolawulo lwalo, solange amalungelo asisiseko wabangeneleli abangekho mthethweni, engachaphazeleki liyakuncedisa abangeneleli abangekho mthethweni bawo nawuphina umhlaba wombuso okanye wabucala abadinga umhlaba wezolimo kwaye abangenawo umhlaba wezolimo bafikelele kumhlaba wezolimo ofanelekileyo liyakuncedisa abanye oogunyaziwe borhulumente bafumanele abangeneleli abangekho mthethweni abadinga ezezindlu umhlaba ofanelekileyo ongomnye xa kuyimfuneko naxa kukho iimeko ezidinga uqwalaselo olulodwa, liyakuncedisa abanikazi babucala bomhlaba wezolimo abanomhlaba ongenelelwe ngokungekho mthethweni babeke abangeneleli abadinga umhlaba wezolimo kumhlaba ongomnyeofanelekileyo.
Kwimeko apho umhlaba wabucala ungenelelwe ngokungekho mthethweni kwaye kungekho zimeko ezidinga uqwalaselo olulodwa, umnikazi womhlaba makacele inkundla, ngaphandle kokulibazisa, ikhuphe umyalelo wokukhutshwa kwabangeneleli ngokoMthetho wokuThintela ukuKhutshwa okungekho Mthethweni kunye nokuNgenelela ngokungekho Mthethweni kuMhlaba othile.
Kwimeko apho umhlaba wabucala ungenelelwe ngokungekho mthethweni kwaye zikho iimeko ezidinga uqwalaselo olulodwa, umnikazi womhlaba angacela nayiphina i-ofisi yeSebe lezeMihlaba ukuze ancedwe ukubangaba isizathu sesidingo sokungenelela kulo mhlaba kukufikelela kumhlaba wezolimo.
Kwimeko apho umhlaba wabucala ungenelelwe ngokungekho mthethweni, kwaye zikho iimeko ezidinga uqwalaselo olulodwa, umnikazi womhlaba angacela umasipala wendawo yommandla, okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, iSebe lezeZindlu lephondo okanye lelizwe ukuze ancedwe ukubangaba isizathu sesidingo sokungenelela yimiba yezezindlu.
Kumanyathelo okuqalisa, kuyakuthabatha iCandelo loBuqondisi beeNkonzo zoLuntu zeNkxaso kwezoMhlaba , malunga neentsuku ezili 14 ukuze lifunise kwaye lichonge umhlaba ofanelekileyo ongomnye. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokubonisana nababandakanyeki kunye nokuvunywa licandelo lobuphathiswa, le nkqubo ingathabatha phakathi kweenyanga ezimbini nezintathu ukuze igqitywe.
Iindleko ezibandakanyeka ekufumaneni umhlaba ofanelekileyo ongomnye zixhomekeka kwiimeko ngeemeko. Kuthathelwa ingqalelo imibandela efana nobungakanani babahlali ekufanele bafunelwe umhlaba kunye neendleko zomhlaba kummandla othile.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Legalisingofficialdocuments.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukumisa ngokomthetho okanye ukugunyazisa amaxwebhu yinkqubo yokuqinisekiswa kwemisayino kwaye kuthetha ukuba amaxwebhu asemthethweni afakelwe, atywinwa kwaye asayiniwe nokuba kungeSiqinisekiso seApostille , okanye ngoGunyaziso lwesiQinisekiso apho amazwe angeyonxalenye yeNgqungquthela yase Hague.
Okokuqala, qonda ukuba loluphi uxwebhu ofuna ukulumisa ngokusemthethweni.
Uxwebhu olo alukho ngaphezu konyaka ubudala.
Kufuneka ulicebise iCandelo lokuMisa ngokusemThethweni malunga nelizwe apho luya kusetyenziswa khona olo xwebhu, ukuze libe nakho ukufumanisa ukuba kufuneka iApostille okanye isiQinisekiso soGunyaziso na.
nguMantyi, uMantyi owoNgezelelweyo okanye uMantyi oNcedisayo nguMgcini-zincwadi okanye uMgcini-zincwadi oNcedisayo weNkundla ePhezulu yoMzantsi Afrika.
Asiwe ngumntu - Amaxwebhu angeniswe ngumntu angalandwa kuphela xa kukho ubungqina bokwamkelwa. Isiqinisekiso sokwamkelwa sinikwa wena emva kokunikezela amaxwebhu akho.
Asiwe sisigidimi - Isigidimi siya kunikwa iphetshana lokuza kulanda, eliya kufunwa xa kulandwa amaxwebhu. Kufuneka usihlawule isigidimi xa sibuyisela amaxwebhu akho.
Athunyelwe ngeposi ebhalisiweyo okanye ekhawulezayo - Kufuneka ufake imvulophu ebhalwe igama nedilesi yakho, ehlawulelweyo nebukhulu bayo buyi-A4 ukuze iCandelo lokuMisa ngokusemThethweni likwazi ukuwabuyisa amaxwebhu. Ileta esisiqinisekiso, exela inani lamaxwebhu afuna ukumiswa ngokwasemthethweni, ilizwe ekufunelwa lona oku, kwakunye neenkcukacha zakho ezipheleleyo, kufuneka ihanjiswe kunye namaxwebhu.
Amaxwebhu aqinisekiswe ngabaKhomishinala beziFungo ukuba ziikopi zokwenyani zamaxwebhu akuqala. Umntu wasebuRhulumenteni onesiGunyaziso sokusayina kufuneka aqinisekise.
Iziqinisekiso ezingafinyezwanga okanye ezipheleleyo zokuzalwa, zomtshato kunye/okanye ezokufa kunye neeleta eziqinisekisa ubume bobuzwe bomntu, ezisayiniwe zagximfizwa isitampu ngumqeshwa ogunyazisiweyo weSebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya.
Iimpepha zokuthathela kuwe umntwana umkhulise ezisayiniweyo zaze zagximfizwa isitampu nguMgcini-zincwadi wemicimbi yokuThathwa kwabantwana bakhuliswe ngabanye abazali kwiSebe lezoBulungisa.
Amaxwebhu okuthumela ngaphandle kwelizwe asayiniweyo aze agximfizwa isitampu yiNdlu yezoRhwebo.
Iziqinisekiso zokukhulula zamaPolisa ezisayinwe zagximfizwa isitampu liZiko leNgxelo yoLawphulo-mthetho leNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika.
Ileta exela ukuba Akukho siThintelo esayinwe yagximfizwa isitampu ngumqeshwa weSebe lemiCimbi yaseKhaya.
Iziqinisekiso zakwagqirha ezisayinwe zagximfizwa isitampu ligosa eligunyazisiweyo kwiBhunga lemiSebenzi yezeMpilo.
Amaxwebhu aphathelele kuthutho lwemfuyo, kuquka izilwanyana zasekhaya, kufuneka egximfizwe asayinwa nguGqirha weziLwanyana kaRhulumente.
ICandelo lokuMisa ngoksemThethweni liya kunika isibhengezo sethuba leentsuku ezisixhenxe sokuvala xa olo suku ingelulo olweholide kaRhulumente.
Akukho ntlawulo ngokwenza amaxwebhu.
Akukho zifomu emazizaliswe, kodwa kufuneka usoloko ulicacisile ilizwe ojonge ukulisebenzisa kulo uxwebhu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Letterofauthority.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ufumane incwadi ekugunyazisyo xa ufuna ukungenisa eMzantsi Afrika imoto entsha noba eseyikhe yasetyenziswa, imoto yokuthutha impahla okanye inqwelo erhuqwayo nokwakha okanye ukuguqula imoto.
Kufuneka ukuba ube nencwadi engumqondiso wokuba imoto yakhiwe apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye kwilizwe langaphandle.
iimoto, iibhasi nezithuthuthu iimoto zokuthutha impahla inqwelo erhuqwayo imoto ezikhethekileyo ezifana netrekta nenqwelo zokuvuna.
Qaphela: Umntu ofaka esi sicelo ngulowo imoto ibhaliswe egameni lakhe.
Fumana ifomu lesicelo emapoliseni akufuphi.
ikopi yencwadi yesazisi uxwebhu lwelungelo lokumela xa kuyinkampani okanye umbutho ingxelo efungelweyo yokufakelwa kwemoto eyenziwe emapoliseni, ibandakanye injini namanani esisu semoto, ingxelo ezeleyo yomsebenzi wonke owenziweyo nemvelaphi yezinto ezifakelweyo isatifiketi sobumsulwa soNcedo lwaMapolisa ase Mzantsi Africa isatifiketi sokulungela ukuhamba endleleni ka wonke-wonke isatifiketi sobunzima bemoto ifoto ezimbini zemoto.
Bhatala imali eqingqiweyo.
Incwadi egunyazisayo iba seyilungisiwe emva kwentsuku ezintandathu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. LocFishVessel.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
ibenobunikazi kwaye ilawulwe ngokupheleleyo ngumntu okanye abantu baseMzantsi Afrika, okanye ibenobunikazi kwaye ilawulwe ngokupheleleyo lilo naliphi na iqumrhu leenkampani, umbutho okanye naliphi na iqumrhu labantu elifakwe okanye elisekwe phantsi kwemithetho yeRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, kwaye apho isininzi sezabelo kunye namalungelo okuvota alawulwa ngabantu baseMzantsi Afrika.
Inqanawa yokuloba yeli lizwe idla ngokuxhotyiselwa ukuloba kunye neminye imisebenzi eyayamene nokuloba. Le nqanawa ibandakanya zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko, izixhobo zokuloba, iindawo zokugcina imithwalo, umthwalo okanye iimpahla zorhwebo kunye namafutha alayishwe kuyo. Inqanawa yokuloba yeli lizwe ingabandakanya nayiphi na inqanawa encedisa enye okanye ezinye iinqanawa eziselwandle ekwenzeni nawuphi na umsebenzi owayamene nokuloba.
amalungiselelo ukunika nokukhupha izinto eziyimfuneko indawo yokugcina imithwalo indawo yomkhenkce nokubandisa ukuthutha, okanye ukukhupha imveliso; kunye/okanye nokwenza ngqo imisebenzi yokuloba kuMmandla oKhethekileyo wezoQoqosho ekuthiwa yi-Exclusive Economic Zone okanye kumanzi olwandle lwehlabathi phantsi kweflegi yeRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Akukho mntu unokusebenzisa inqanawa yokuloba okanye nayiphi na inqanawa ukuze asebenzise ilungelo lofikelelo, ngaphandle kokuba ikhutshiwe ilayisensi, enepemethe efanelekileyo ukubangaba umnikazi wenqanawa ngumntu onelungelo lokuloba. Kwimeko apho umnikazi wenqanawa engenalungelo lokuloba, kufuneka kubekho isivumelwano sekhontrakthi yokusebenzisa le nqanawa.
Inqanawa yokuloba kufuneka iyokuvavanyelwa ukufanelana nolwandle kwaye i-SAMSA ingakhupha iSatifiketi soKhuseleko.
Fumana ifom yesicelo kwiSebe lezokuSingqongileyo kunye noKhenketho.
Kufuneka ubengumntu onelungelo lokuloba . Ukubangaba awunalungelo lokuloba elingumnikazi wenqanawa, thumela okanye bandakanya isivumelwano sekhontrakthi, osingenele nomnikazi wenqanawa ukuze usebenzise le nqanawa kuthethwa ngayo, xa ufaka isicelo selayisensi yenqanawa.
igama lenqanawa igama lomnikazi wale nqanawa uhlobo lwamandla, ubude benqanawa umlinganiselo wamandla e-injini kunye nomlinganiselo womthwalo ongalingana kule nqanawa icandelo lokuloba ekujongwe ukuba le nqanawa isetyenziswe kulo uMbuso weFlegi ebhaliswe phantsi kwawo xakungoku le nqanawa.
Zalisa le fom ngoonobumba abangadityaniswanga kwaye usebenzise oonobumba abakhulu kuphela, ufake nesiphakamiso esibhaliweyo esixhasa iimfuno zakho apho kuyimfuneko.
Bonisa ixesha eya kulichitha le nqanawa kunye nendlela eya kusetyenziswa ngayo kwicandelo lokuloba eya kusebenza kulo.
Isicelo singathabatha iintsuku zokusebenza ezi- 3, kuxhomekeke ekufakweni kwesicelo ngokufanelekileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Lodgeacomplaintonfailure.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Nokungakwazi ukubiza ummangalelwa ngomyalelo wokumnyanzela aye enkundleni.
Ekuxhaphaza ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwesondo, umzekelo, akubethe okanye akudlwengule.
Ekuhlelele ngokukuhlupha, umzekelo, athi gqolo ukukutsalela umnxeba oku kucaphukisayo, akubhalele okanye athumele izinto kuwe, okanye agade iindlela zakho.
Engena kwakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho.
Ekuxhaphaza ngokwezoqoqosho nangokwemali, umzekelo, xa indoda okanye isinqandamathe sinyanzelisa ukwenza zonke izigqibo ngemali okanye sisala ukuhlawulela ukutya, iimali zesikolo, njalo-njalo.
Ekugrogrisa, umzekelo, esoyikisa ngokukubulala xa ufuna ukuya emapoliseni.
Esonakalisa impahla yakho, umzekelo, etshisa impahla yakho yokunxiba, esophula ifenitshala okanye egqabhuza amatayari emoto yakho.
Esaphula umyalelo wokukhusela okhoyo nosebenzayo.
Eziphatha ngayo nayiphina indlela yokuxhaphaza ebeka esichengeni ukhuseleko lwakho, impilo yakho okanye intlalontle yakho.
Igama kunye neenkcukacha zokunxulumana nexhoba kunye nomkhalazi okanye zokunxulumana nomkhalazi.
Iinkcukacha zamangqina, ukuba akhona.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Lodgeacomplaintonmisconduct.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Isikhalazo soDidi III: Isikhalazo esityhola ukuba ipolisa okanye amapolisa abandakanyeka kwisenzo esigwenxa esikhokelele kulwenzakalo lomzimba olumasikizi oludinge unyango olungenisa isigulane esibhedlele. Oko kuziphatha kakubi okanye eso senzo sigwenxa kufuneka sibe senzeke ngexesha umntu eselugcinweni lwamapolisa.
Ukusebenzisa kakubi amandla okunochaphazelo olubonakalayo kubahlali malunga nolwenzakalo olwenziweyo, inani labantu abachaphazelekayo, ubungakanani bemali ebandakanyekayo, isithuba sexesha eyenzeke ngalo.
Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kumbutho wobugebenga.
Isikhalazo soDidi IV: Isikhalazo esityhola ukuba ipolisa leNkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika okanye ipolisa leeNkonzo zaMapolisa kaMasipala, libandakanyeke kwisenzo esigwenxa okanye kwisenzo sokuziphatha kakubi esingekhoyo kwezi zidweliswe ngasentla okanye esingakhokelelanga ekubhubheni komntu okanye ekulimaleni komzimba ngokumasikizi.
Isikhalazo soDidi V: isikhalazo esingaphandle komda womsebenzi okanye womgaqo we-ICD.
Izikhalazo zezehlo ezenzeke phambi kokusekwa kwe-ICD, oko kukuthi, zonke izehlo ezenzeke phambi kuka Epreli 1997. Nazo izehlo ezenzeke kwisithuba esingaphezulu konyaka phambi kokuba zixelwe kwi-ICD, ngaphandle kokuba kukho iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezizodwa.
Izikhalazo ngesitafu seeNkonzo zoLuleko , amagosa enkundla kunye namalungu oMkhosi woKhuselo waseMzantsi Afrika.
I-ICD ingakucela ukuba unike inkcazelo eyongeziweyo phambi kokuba kuphandwe ngesikhalazo.
Ukwamkelwa kotyelelo lweklayenti kungathabatha imizuzu emihlanu.
Ixesha lokulinda udliwano-ndlebe nomsebenzi ojongene nezikhalazo okanye umcazululi, kungathabatha imizuzu engama 30.
Ukungqinwa kokufunyanwa kwesikhalazo ngencwadi ebhaliweyo kungathabatha iintsuku ezingama 30.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Lodgenotificationofdeaths.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Igama kunye neenkcukacha zokunxulumana nexhoba kunye nomkhalazi okanye zokunxulumana nomkhalazi.
Igama kunye nesikhundla sepolisa elikrokrelwayo.
Igama lesikhululo samapolisa okanye umasipala apho ipolisa elikrokrelwayo lisebenza khona.
Inombolo yetyala yamapolisa, ukuba ikhona.
Umhla, ixesha kunye nohlobo lokungakwazi ukunceda ixhoba.
Iinkcukacha zamangqina, ukuba akhona.
Uphando lungathabatha iintsuku ezingama 30 okanye nangaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kubunzulu betyala.
I-ICD iyakuthumela iNgxelo yokuFumanisa iTyala/ukuNgafumanisi iTyala okanye yeSohlwayo/ukuNgafumanisi Tyala kwiklayenti.
Ukukhutshwa kweengxelo zokugqibela zentshayelelo kungathabatha iintsuku ezingama 180.
Zonke iingxelo ezifakwe kuvimba wenkcazelo zingathabatha iiyure ezingama 48.
Ukukhutshwa kweengxelo zokugqibela zeziphakamiso kungathabatha iintsuku ezili 14 emva kokufunyanwa kweengxelo zobuchule.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Lowersoundbroadcastingservice.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
UmThetho wokuSasaza uchaza iNkonzo yoSasazo lweZandi ekhupha imitha yaMandla akwizinga eliPhantsi njengenkonzo yosasazo lwezandi yabahlali, yabucala okanye yoluntu, ekhupha imitha yamandla angagqithanga kwi-watt enye.
ukunabisa umba 'wofikelelo' ukusukela kwilungelo lokufumana inkcazelo ukuya kutsho ekubandakanyeni ufikelelo olwandileyo kwizinto neendlela zemveliso yosasazo.
Ilungelo lenkululeko yamaphephandaba kunye nezinye iinkonzo zosasazo lweendaba, inkululeko yokufumana nokukhupha inkcazelo kunye nemibono, inkululeko yemveliso enobugcisa kunye nenkululeko yemfundo, kunye nenkululeko yophando lwenzululwazi.
ngokwembono yophuhliso, umba wokulingana ubalulekile ekulungelelaniseni amacandelo okudlala indima kwishishini losasazo, ngokukhuthaza abangeni abatsha kule marike.
Iinkonzo zorhwebo zosasazo lwezandi ezikhupha imitha yamandla akwizinga eliphantsi - iinkonzo ezisebenzela, kwaye ezisasazela, kwimimandla emikhulu yoobhazabhaza beevenkile okanye kumaziko eevenkile, kumabala emidlalo, kumabala emiboniso kunye nakumaqonga emiboniso yeebhanyabhanya okanye nayiphina inkonzo efana nezi iGunya elingayibona ifanelekile.
Iinkonzo zoluntu zosasazo lwezandi ezikhupha imitha yamandla akwizinga eliphantsi - iinkonzo ezisebenzela, kwaye ezisasaza, kumakhaya wabantu abadala, unxulumano phakathi kweendawo zokunqula, unxibelelwano phakathi kweendawo zokunqula namakhaya wabantu abadala, okanye nayiphina enye inkonzo efana nezi iGunya elingayibona ifanelekile.
Iilayisensi zabahlali kunye nezorhwebo, zosasazo lwezandi olukhupha imitha yamandla akwizinga eliphantsi, ziya kusebenziseka iminyaka emithathu kwaye ilayisensi yosasazo lwezandi ekhupha imitha yamandla ekwizinga eliphantsi yezenzeko zexeshana iya kusebenziseka iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu.
Chonga intshukumo efanelekileyo yamaza okusetyenziswa kwemitha yamandla akwizinga eliphantsi.
Seka itim yabantu abasebenza ngesicelo ukuze le tim ithabathe uxanduva lwenkqubo yesicelo kwaye ibengumenzi-sicelo egameni labaququzeleli bezenzeko.
Iphembelela ukonyulwa kwamalungu eBhodi ngenkqubo yedemokhrasi.
Cela ikopi yenkonzo yosasazo kunye nefom yesicelo sokuhambisa iintshukumiso zemitha yosasazo.
Ukuvunywa kwale layisensi kungathabatha iinyanga ezi 2 ukuya kwezi 3.
<fn>GOV-ZA. MaternityBenefitsUIF.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yezibonelelo zokufumana umntwana okanye ukubeleka kukubuyekeza umntu okhupha intlawulo ofanelekileyo ngethuba lokukhulelwa nelokubeleka.
Isicelo masenziwe ngokukhawuleza ekuqaleni kwekhefu lokubeleka okanye kungenjalo kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu zokuzalwa komntwana.
Umntu okhupha intlawulo makabe ufumana nganeno kunomvuzo oqhelekileyo ngalo gama ekwikhefu lokubeleka.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiintsuku anazo aziqokeleleyo, izibonelelo zingahlawulwa ukuya kufikelela kwiintsuku eziyi-121 ubuninzi.
Kwimeko yokuphuma kwesisu/ukuzalwa komntwana eswelekile , intlawulo yenziwa kwithuba elingangeeveki ezintandathu ubuninzi.
Isatifikethi sonyango esiqinisekisa ukukhulelwa kunye/okanye ukuzalwa komntwana masingeniswe.
Qhagamshelana neziko lemicimbi yezabasebenzi elikufutshane kuwe ukuze ufumane iifom ezifanelekileyo.
Zalisa uze ubuyise ezi fom nesatifikethi sonyango kwiziko lemicimbi yabasebenzi.
Yiza nesazisi esiluhlaza esinebhakhowudi enamanani ayi-13.
Khumbula ukunikezela iinkcukacha zebhanki ezichanekileyo njengoko ziqinisekisiwe yibhanki yakho.
Kwakuba kufunyenwe onke amaxwebhu, i-UIF ithembisa ukuwasebenza okanye ukuwagqiba amabango kwisithuba seeveki ezintandathu.
Le ntlawulo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. MetersFlyer_small_xho.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
ISixeko saseKapa sizibophelela kwisiCwangciso-qhinga sokuLawula iMfuneko yaManzi noLondolozo lwaManzi esiluqilima nesinokusebenza ixesha elide esihlaziywe senziwa luqilima kwisithuba somnyaka wama-2005. Enye yeendima ezibalulekileyo zesi sicwangciso-qhinga sitsha yi"Projekthi yokuLungiswa kokuVuza kwaManzi eHlanganisiweyo".
Nangona le projekthi ibizwa ngokuba yi'projekthi yokulungiswa kokuvuza kwamanzi', injongo ephambili kukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imibandela enxulumene nokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo zamanzi nogutyulo kwiindawo zabahluphekileyo ziyasonjululwa. Eyona njongo iphambili kukonga amanzi nokuqinisekisa ukuba umyinge wamanzi osetyenziswa emakhaya ngulowo uyimfuneko kwaye ngulowo bangafikelela lula kuwo. Ukuvuza kwamanzi kwixa elizayo kumele ukuba kucuthwe kwaye ukulungiswa kwayo kumele ukuba kufikeleleke kumakhaya amaninzi. Sijonga imibandela emininzi ebandakanya ezingentlalo, ezingemithetho, ezingoshishino nezingobugcisa neziya kwenza ukuba ubonelelo ngamanzi lube lolusebenzayo, olufikelelekayo noluthabatha ixesha elide lujoliswe kuluntu olukumatyotyombe noluhluphekileyo lwaseKapa.
Iprojekthi eqhutywayo ekummandla waseMfuleni yeyokuqala ephantsi kwale nkqubo. ISixeko sifuna iindlela esinokwakha ngayo ubuhlakani phakathi kwabemi kunye nabachaphazelekayo ukuvelisa isicwangciso-qhinga sexesha elide ukuze sinakekele imithombo yamanzi. Ngexesha lokuqhuba kwale projekthi, wonke amakhaya anamanzi avuzayo aya kulungiselelwa ukuvuza kwamanzi NGAPHANDLE KWENTLAWULO. Oku kuya kuba lithuba elinye lokugqibela nelingasayi kuphinda libekho. Emva koko, umninimzi uya kuphinda abenoxanduva lokulungisa konke ukuvuza kwamanzi okungakho kwipropati yakhe.
Kukwakha amadama kunye nezinye izixhobo nezakhiwo zokuhambisa amanzi ukusuka kumadama amakhulu (akude kakhulu kwiSixeko) ukuza kuwabeka emnyango kwakho.
Kukubonelela ngokucocwa kwamanzi ngako oko kuqinisekiswa ukuba amanzi owafumana kwitepu yakho, acocekile kwaye akhuselekile ukuba ungawasela, ungapheka kwaye uhlambe ngawo.
Kukubonelela ngeenkonzo zamanzi eziqhubekekayo nogutyulo, ngokusemandleni ethu.
Kukucutha ixesha lokubonelela ngenkonzo zokulungisa imibhobho yamanzi kamasipala evuzayo negqabhukileyo kunye nemibhobho kamasipala yogutyulo lwelindle evingcekileyo.
Ukugcina isixokelelwano samanzi sinoxinzelelo olwaneleyo.
Kukufunda imitha yakho yamanzi ngokuchanekileyo nyanga nenyanga.
Kukubonelela ngesaziso sentlawulo esichanekileyo nesamkelekileyo.
Umninipropati nguye onoxanduva lwako nakuphi na ukuvuza kwamanzi okungenzeka ngaphakathi kwipropati yakhe. ISixeko saseKapa ASINAXANDUVA lokulungisa nakuphi na ukuvuza ngaphakathi kwimida yepropati yabucala. Ukuba ukuvuza kulungiswe ngokukhawuleza, akusayi kuhlawula i-akhawunti exhumileyo yamanzi.
Uqhakamshelane neeNOMBOLO ZOMNXEBA WONCEDO ezizezi-0860 103 054 ukuxela ukuvuza, ukugqabhuka, ukuvingceka kwemibhobho yogutyulo okanye nayiphi na inkonzo enempazamo.
Ulwazi oluneengcombolo ezichanekileyo ziya kunceda iSixeko saseKapa ukuba sikwazi ukulungisa nayiphi na impazamo yogqabhuko lwemibhobho ngokukhawuleza.
Imibhobho evuzayo okanye egqabhukileyo ezitalatweni ayisayi kuchaphazela imitha yamanzi yakwakho okanye i-akhawunti yakho.
Khumbula, Siluluntu olunye, ngokuxela ukuvuza okwenzeka esitalatweni sinceda uluntu lwethu luphela.
Unakekele imibhobho ukuba ibe kwimeko elungileyo.
Ugcine ujonga ukuvuza okungakho ngokufunda imitha yamanzi yakho rhoqo.
Ucuthe ukusebenzisa kwakho amanzi ukuba kube kuhambelana nezidingo zakho kuphela.
Usebenzisane neCandelo leeNkonzo zaManzi ukuze wenze iCandelo leeNkonzo zaManzi nezoGutyulo lweLindle ukuba basebenzele uluntu lwakho.
Ungavuleli amanzi emvula / namanye amanzi angaphezu komhlaba ukuba angene kwisixokelelwano semibhobho yogutyulo.
Uqinisekise ukuba imitha yamanzi kunye netshemba yomda wogutyulo isoloko ifikeleleka lula.
ISixeko sithumela abafundi beemitha zamanzi nyanga nenyanga ukuba bafunde iimitha zamanzi.
Ngamanye amaxesha abafundi beemitha zamanzi abakwazi ukuzifunda ezi mitha ngenxa yokuba imitha igqumekile okanye iheke engena kwipropati itshixiwe. Kule meko iSixeko siye sinyanzeleke ukuba siqikelele usetyenziso lwamanzi ngokuxhomekeke kusetyenziso ngeli xesha kunyaka odlulileyo.
Ukubala i-akhawunti yamanzi asetyenzisiweyo nasetyenziselwe ugutyulo lwelindle kwaye kuthunyelwe isaziso setyala.
Ukuqikelela nawaphi na amanzi athe avuza kwisixokolelwano semibhobho esisa amanzi kwipropati yomntu.
Ukubala iirhafu zalo nyaka-mali.
Khumbula ukuba kufuneka uzichaze izikhalazo kunye neengxaki onazo. Oku kuya kunceda iSixeko kunye neCandelo leeNkonzo zaManzi ukuba zibonelele ngenkonzo engcono kuwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. MininPermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
esi simbiwa sibandakanyekayo singembiwa ngokugqibeleleyo iminyaka emibini ummandla womgodi awudluli kwi- 1.5mÂ² yobungakanani akukho mntu ungomnye onelungelo lokukhangela ubukho besimbiwa, ilungelo lokwemba umgodi, ipemethe yokwemba umgodi okanye ipemethe yokugcina umgodi yesimbiwa esinye nomhlaba omnye.
Yenza isicelo kwi-ofisi yoManejala weNgingqi weSebe leZimbiwa naMandla okwingingqi omi kuyo lo mhlaba.
Sakuba sivunyiwe isicelo sakho, uManejala weNgingqi uyakukucela ukuba uthumele isicwangciso sokulawula imo yokusingqongileyo kwaye ubonisane nomnikazi-mhlaba kunye nomntu ohlala ngokusemthethweni kulo mhlaba, ndawonye nawuphina omnye umbandakanyeki ochaphazelekayo.
Thumela isiphumo soku kubonisana kuManejala kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama- 30.
UManejala weNgingqi uya kukwazisa kwisithuba seentsuku ezili- 14 ukubangaba isicelo sakho siphumelele, oku kuthetha ukuba uzifezekisile zonke iimfuno.
Iindleko ziyakuqulungqwa lisebe kwaye azibuyiswa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. MiningRight.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ilungelo lokwemba umgodi yimvume enikwa nguMbuso ngokweSebe leZimbiwa naMandla, ekunika igunya lokwemba izimbiwa emgodini kummandla othile.
Isicwangciso sokuxhasa ngemali siyangqinelana nale nkqubo yokwembiwa komgodi kunye nexesha elizakuthatyathwa yile nkqubo.
Umenzi-sicelo wenze amalungiselelo ezemali kunye namanye amalungiselelo esicwangciso esichaziweyo sentlalo nesabasebenzi.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe leZimbiwa naMandla.
Yenza isicelo kwi-ofisi yoManejala weNgingqi weSebe leZimbiwa naMandla okwingingqi omi kuyo lo mhlaba.
Le fom kufuneka ikhatshwe yintlawulo yesicelo engabuyiswayo njengoko ichazwe nguManejala weNgingqi.
UManejala weNgingqi uyakukwazisa ngencwadi ebhaliweyo ukubangaba isicelo samkelwe, oku kuthetha ukuba isicelo sakho sihambisene nazo zonke iimfuneko, kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 14 esifumene isicelo, kwaye akuyalele ukuba ubonisane nomnikazi-mhlaba, umntu ohlala kulo mhlaba, ndawonye nabo bonke abanye ababandakanyeki abachaphazelekayo.
Ukubangaba uMphathiswa uyala ukukhupha ilungelo lokwemba umgodi, kufuneka akwazise, kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 30, kwaye achaze izizathu zokwala esi sicelo.
Iindleko ziya kuqulunqwa lisebe kwaye azibuyiswa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Missingpersons.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo yenzelwe ukuba uluntu lukwazi ukuxela umntu olahlekileyo. Ungamxela umntu olahlekileyo kwangoko wakube ukrokrela ukuba kukho into embi eyenzekileyo kulo mntu.
Akukho xesha limisiweyo lokulinda phambi kokuba umxele umntu olahlekileyo. Ukubanga ipolisa likuxelela ngenye indlela, thetha nelinye igosa elingentla ngesikhundla kweli uthetha nalo, uqhubeka wenze njalo ude ufumane uncedo oluyimfuneko. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ngabantwana abalahlekileyo, yiya kwiZiko lase Mzantsi Afrika laBantwana abalahlekileyo.
Ukubangaba ukrokrela ukuba umntu ulahlekile, zama ukunxulumana naye kuqala.
Nika inkcazelo esisiseko ngalo mntu, kulicebo elihle ukukhupha ifoto esandul'ukufotwa.
Ukubangaba umntu olahlekileyo ufunyenwe, yiya kwesa sikhululo samapolisa bekuxelwe kuso ukulahleka kwalo mntu, wazise ipolisa okanye igosa eliphanda ngale nyewe.
Ungamxela umntu olahlekileyo kuso nasiphina isikhululo samapolisa, akuyomfuneko ukuba ude uye kummandla apho lo mntu akrokreleka ukuba ulahlekele kuwo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. No10z.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
10.1 Wamele amalungelo akho njengomnikazi wepulazi. Abantu abangaziwa nababambe itoho kufanele bathole imvume kuqala uma bengena epulazini. Buza esiteshini samaphoyisa sangakini ukuthi umthetho uthi yini ongayenza nokuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani amalungelo akho.
yakha ubuhlobo obuhle nabasebenzi basepulazini.
khuthaza abasebenzi ukuba bakuqaphele ukuphepha nokuthi babike uma kunobugebengu.
khuthaza abasebenzi ukuba babaqaphele abantu abangabaziyo endaweni nokuthi bakwazise ngabo.
klomelisa abasebenzi uma bekunike amacebo noma ulwazi olunosizo.
Vikela ngokwanele imizi noma izindlu zabasebenzi nemindeni yabo.
10.3 Ungavumeli muntu angene epulazini noma endlini, ikakhulukazi ebusuku ngaphambi kokuba esezichazile ukuthi ungubani.
10.4 Kufanele ulalise ngaphakathi endlini okungenani inja eyodwa.
10.5 Qiniseka ukuthi amathuluzi okusebenza asindayo njengezimbazo, amapiki, amalele, amahalavo nokunye uyakukhiyela uma kungasetshenziswa.
Sebenzisa imibhalomfihlo kunoma ubhale amalebula kokhiye.
Zama ukuthi ungahlali uphethe isixhaka sokhiye. Sebenzisa okhiye abasebenza ngemibhalomfihlo. Imibhalomfihlo kufanele ihlale ishintshwa njalo.
Bakhiphe okhiye emotweni uma bengadingeki.
Bashintshe okhiye bakho uma ngabe okhiye bokuvula benyamalele.
Qiniseka ukuthi zonke izivalo (kumbandakanywa nesivalo segalaji) amafasitela namasango kuhlala kukhiyiwe uma kungasetshenziswa.
Ngaphambi kokuba uvule noma yini, qiniseka ukuthi uphethe ukhiye ongowakhona.
Ungalingi ufihle ukhiye endaweni eqangeleka kalula njengaphansi komata noma imbiza yezitshalo.
Uma ngabe ushiye ukhiye ebhotsheni kakhiye ngaphakathi kwesivalo, kufanele uwuphendule ukhiye ukuze ungafuduleki.
10.7 Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma uhamba yazisa umndeni wakho ukuthi uyaphi, uzohamba ngayiphi indlela nokuthi uzobuya nini.
10.8 Hlola ucingo lwakho njalo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi luyasebenza. Beka ucingo endaweni lapho luzofinyeleleka khona kalula okufanele kube yindawo engaqondene nefasitela lapho lungadubuleka khona kalula.
10.9 Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlala unethoshi eduze kwakho ebusuku, uma ngabe usebenzisa ithoshi lisebenzise ngendlela yokuthi lingakhombisi ukuthi wena ukuphi.
10.10 Zama ukwenza izithiyo zokuthi kungantshotshwa uphethilomu neminye imikhiqizo.
10.11 Ungenzi umsebenzi ofanayo noma owodwa zonke izinsuku.
10.12 Kwenze kuba umkhuba wakho ungalali ngokushesha ngemuva kokucima izibani ebusuku. Hlala usabhekile isikhashana eside. Ungalali endaweni lapho ungabonakala khona ngumuntu ongaphandle kwendlu.
10.13 Ungami phambi kwefasitela uma ngabe uvala noma uvula amakhethini. Hlehlisa amakhethini ngendlela yokuthi ungazivezi kalula kumuntu ongaphandle. Amakhethini akufanele abe ngabonakalisayo okungaphakathi. Ukunyakaza kwabantu noma izithunzi zabantu akufanele zibonakale ngaphandle endaweni engamamitha ayi- 10 ukuba kude nendlu.
10.14 Thatha izithombe nezithupha zabo bonke abasebenzi ukuze besabe ukwenza noma ukuzimbandakanya nobubugebengu.
10.15 Ukuzijwayeza ukuqhumisa isibhamu epulazini (endaweni ephephile) nakho kungabathunaza labo abafisa ukwenza ubugebengu.
10.16 Izingane zakho kufanele zikwazi ukuphendula ucingo ngendlela enenhlonipho. Akufanele zikhulume nabantu ezingabazi noma zamukele izipho kubantu ezingabazi. Wonke umuntu okhone ekhaya kufanele akungenele ukuviliyela kokuzivikela.
10.17 Hlala unomshini wokuthwebula izithombe omdala emotweni. Thwebula izithombe zabo bonke abantu ongabazi abasendaweni noma abavakashele ipulazi lakho.
10.18 Uma ngabe ungaqinisekile ukuthi uzofika kuphephe kanjani endlini yakho ngemuva kokuba kade uthathe uhambo, thinta umakhelwane wakho ukuze akusize ukuhlola ikhaya lakho. Lokhu kungavimbela ukulalelwa izigebengu.
10.19 Qamba izindawo ezijwayele ukuba ngeziphephile njengezindlu zangasese, ezokugezela noma ezigcina impahla. Kungcono ukuba neminyango namafasitela amancane.
10.20 Ungagcini izinto ezinokugqamuka amalangabi endlini.
10.21 Yazi kahle indawo ukuze ukwazi ukubaleka , ikakhulukazi ebusuku.
10.22 Fika ekhaya kusakhanya noma kusesemini njalo nje.
10.23 Zijwayeze noma yazi inqubo ephathelene nokuvakashelwa ngamaphoyisa, uKhomanda noma omakhelwane.
10.24 Ukuxhumana ngokuyikho yingxenye enkulu yokuzivikela yasemaphandleni. Ngakho-ke, lelo nalelo pulazi kufanele libe nendlela yokuxhumana namanye amapulazi akuleyo ndawo, noMbutho wamaphoyisa kanye noMbutho wezokuVikela.
10.25 Kufanele kube khona izindlela ezimbili zikwesekela noma esizosiza esimweni esiphuthumayo njengocingo noma umsakazo weviyo lezakhamuzi. Umakhalekhukhwini uyasiza kakhulu ngoba ayixhunywa kulayini okungenzeka unqanyulwe.
10.26 Kufanele kusungulwe indlela yokuxhumana ngemisakazo ezobhekwa futhi ilungiswe njalo. Kufanele kuqokwe umuntu oqotho ozobhekana nalomsebenzi.
10.27 Abasebenzi basepulazini nabo bayingxenye yaleliqembu kanti kufanele nabo bazimbandakanye namacebo okuphepha.
10.28 Abasebenzi basepulazini kufanele bambandakanywe ngokulinganayo ekugcineni ukuphepha epulazini.
10.29 Abasebenzi kufanele bajwayezwe ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izimpawu ezithile uma kunengozi noma isimo esiphuthumayo.
10.31 Khombisa futhi wazise wonke umuntu okhona epulazini izindawo nezintuba zokubaleka.
10.32 Izindlela zokuxhumana (kumbandakanywa nezinye izindlela zokuxhumana ezahlukile) kufanele kujwayelwe ukuba zihlolwe ukuthi ziyasebenza.
10.33 Uma ngabe kukhona izixhushuxhushu zabasebenzi ukuphepha kufanele kuqiniswe.
10.34 Zama izindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Dlulisela kwemanye amalunga endawo, kuKhomanda noma eMbuthweni wamaPhoyisa ezobunhloli.
10.35 Ubuhlobo bokusebenzisana obuhle bubaluleke kakhulu.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. No2z.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
2.1 Uhlelo lweMpi luwuhlelo ongena kulo ngokuzikhethela, oluyingxenye yoMbutho wezeMpi waseNingizimu Afrika olusebenza ngokungagcwele. Lowo nalowo Khomanda ubhekene nomthwalo wokuphephisa nokuvikela umphakathi othile (emaphandleni noma emadolobheni). Usizo abalunikezayo luvamise ukubizwa ngosizo lwendawo. Usizo lwendawo lumbandakanya wonke umphakathi wendawo, ngaleyo ndlela ngisho nelunga lomphakathi elingesilona ilunga lohlelo lweMpi nalo liyokuthola ukuvikela ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo nakuba lingeke lathola zonke izinzuzo ezihambisana nokuba ilunga lohlelo.
2.2 Labo ababambe iqhaza kulolu hlelo lweMpi abanaso isibopho sokuvikela ngaphandle kwemincele yezindawo abasebenza kuzo, banesibopho sokuvikela nokuphephisa imiphakathi yabo kuphela.
2.3 Lolu hlelo singathi lumi kanje kafushane, lumbandakanya ukwehlukaniswa kwezindawo zibe izindawana ezincane, izingxenye ezilawulekayo. Leyo naleyo ndawo encane iba nesibalo esithile samapulazi/noma imizi, kuya ngokuthi leyo ndawo ingakanani nokwahlukana kwezindawo okuhlalwa kuzo. Amalunga endawo ayaxhumana ngocingo noma imisakazo esebenza njengohlelo lokwesekela izindlela zokuxhumana uma ngabe kwenzeka izicingo zingasebenzi. Ezinye izinhlelo zokuxhumana ziyingxenye esemqoka yohlelo lokuvikela ezindaweni. Amalunga endawo ayaxhumana nomholi wawo (okhethwa yiwoma amalunga) yena unendlela yokuxhumana nesiteshi samaphoyisa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusukumela phezulu kwamaphoyiswa uma kwenzeka kuba nokuhlaselwa. Umholi woHlelo angazisa uKhomanda waleyo ndawo uma kudingeka umbutho oqinileyo.
2.4 Inqubo yokuxhumana ingachitha isikhathi eside ngakho-ke, amalunga aleyo ndawo kufanele akwazi ukuzivikela wona nokuthi athembe usizo lomakhelwane namanye amalunga endawo ukuqinisekisa ukusukumela phezulu uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo. Ngalesi sizathu indawo kufanele ihlele ukubhekana nezehlakalo ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke. UKhomanda weNdawo uyosiza loluhlelo lwendawo uma lwakha uhlelo lokubhekana nezehlakalo.
2.5 Okusemqoka ngokusebenza ngokuyikho kwalolu nhlelo ukubambisana ngokulinganayo kwalelo nalelo lunga lendawo. Zimbandakanye - kuyosiza wena!
This site is best viewed at a screen resolution of 800 x 600.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Notificationofamendments.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iinjongo zale nkonzo kukwazisa uMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani malunga neenguqu kwishishini lakho elibhalisiweyo. Ezi nguqu zingasukela ekufakweni kwamalungu amatsha okanye kurhoxiso lwamalungu, ukuya kwigosa elitsha elimele iinkonzo, idilesi yokuposa, njalo-njalo.
Xa kukho iinguqu ezenziweyo ngokuphathelelene nequmrhu elingavulelekanga elibhalisiweyo - nokuba zayamene namalungu , okanye kwiinguqu malunga negosa elimele iinkonzo okanye idilesi yokuposa ye-CC - kuyimfuneko ukubhalisa ezi nguqu kwi-Ofisi yoBhaliso lwaMaqumrhu angaVulelekanga.
Zalisa iCandelo A ukubangaba kukho utshintsho kwigama le-CC okanye uhlobo lweshishini.
Zalisa ifom ekuthiwa yi-CK2A ngokuphathelelene neenguqu kwigosa elimele iinkonzo okanye kwidilesi yeshishini. Zalisa iCandelo B ngokuphathelelene neenguqu kwiinkcukacha zamalungu.
Hlawula imali efunekayo.
Kungathabatha iintsuku ezisibhozo ukuze kugqitywe inkqubo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. NotifyNedlac.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo 77 lomThetho woBudlelwane beZabasebenzi, wowe- 1995 , linika abasebenzi ilungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba kuqhankqalazo ukuze baphakamise okanye bakhusele iminqweno yabo yezentlalo noqoqosho, kwaye libakhusela ekugxothweni nakwamanye amanyathelo oluleko. Lo mthetho unika iBhunga leLizwe leZabasebenzi kunye noPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho ekuthiwa yi-National Economic Development and Labour Council - njengebhunga lokuqulunqa umgaqo elinabameli abaphuma kurhulumente, koosomabhizinisi, kubasebenzi nakubahlali - uxanduva lokudibanisa le mihlambi ukuze izame ukusombulula izizathu zenyathelo lokuqhankqalaza.
I-Nedlac kufuneka ixelelwe ngeli nyathelo ngefom eqingqiweyo . Kufuneka kuchazwe kule fom izizathu kunye nohlobo lwenyathelo elicetywayo. Oku akubandakanyi umhla wenyathelo elicetywayo, njengoko oku kungasingela phantsi inkqubo yokuzama ukufikelela kwimvisiswano.
Ukubangaba iinzame zokusombulula aziphumelelanga, umbutho wabasebenzi okanye imanyano yemibutho yabasebenzi kufuneka inike i-Nedlac isaziso sesibini esiyixelela ngeenjongo zayo zokuqhubeka ngenyathelo loqhankqalazo. Esi saziso sesibini kufuneka sisiwe kwi-Nedlac okungenani kwiintsuku ezili- 14 phambi kokuba liqalise inyathelo lokuqhankqalaza.
Yazisa i-Nedlac ngeenjongo zombutho wabasebenzi zokuqhubeka ngenyathelo lokuqhankqalaza.
Unobhala wombutho wabasebenzi okanye wemanyano yemibutho yabasebenzi kufanele azalise ifom yesicelo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Notifyownershipchange.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Oku kukunika isaziso kwabasemaguyeni kubhaliso lwemoto, sokutshintsha kobunini moto okanye uphatho lwamaxwebhu amalungelo. Isaziso kufuneka sithunyelwe kwabase magunyeni kubhaliso lwemoto kungaphelanga intsuku ezingamashumi amabini nanye, ukusukela ngosuku lokwenziwa kotshintsho.
Abaphathi baxwebhu amalungelo okanye abanini moto kufuneka batyikitye isatifiketi esitsha sobhaliso basinikezele kumphathi woxwebhu lamalungelo okanye umnini omtsha wemoto.
isatifiketi sobhaliso lwemoto icwe-cwe lephepha-mvume elisemthethweni incwadi yesaziso.
Isicelo siqulunqwa kwangolo suku lwesicelo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Ifomu lesaziso sokutshintsha kobunini moto okanye ukuthengiswa kwemoto lifumaneka kwi ofisi yamagosa endlela.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Occupationaccident.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
UMthetho weMbuyekezo kuMenzakalo neZigulo eMsebenzini ka-1993, ufuna ukuba abaqeshi banike ingxelo ngazo zonke iingozi ezenzeka emsebenzini kwiNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo.
Abaqeshi mabayikrazule bayisuse iCandelo B yefom W. Cl.2 baze bayinike ugqirha okanye isibhedlele ukuze izaliswe ngokukhawuleza emva kwengozi.
Abaqeshi mabathumele iCandelo A yefom ezaliswe ngokupheleleyo kwiNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo ngokukhawuleza emva kwengozi.
Abaqeshi abafanele kulindela ukuba iCandelo B yefom izaliswe ngugqirha phambi kokuba bangenise ibango. Bakuba abaqeshi befumene inxenye yefom elicandelo likagqirha, bangayingenisa ifom ngokunjalo.
Abaqeshi mabahlawule imbuyekezo kumsebenzi kwinyanga ezintathu zokuqala emva kwengozi. INgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo iya kumbuyekeza umqeshi malunga noku.
Ukuba umsebenzi akanakho ukubuyela emsebenzini ixesha elide, abaqeshi mabafumane iingxelo zenkqubela yonyango kugqirha zize zizingenise kwiNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo qho ngenyanga.
Xa umsebenzi eqalisa ukusebenza kwakhona, abaqeshwa mabathumele ingxelo yokuqalisa kwakhona emsebenzini nengxelo yonyango yokugqibela kwiNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo.
Oku kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ingaba zizaliswe zonke iinkcukacha ngokuchanekileyo kusini na.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. OperFishProcEst.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Indawo yokwenza imveliso yeentlanzi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-fish processing establishment , sisithuthi, inqanawa, iziko neendawo ezilingqongileyo okanye indawo apho into ethile okanye imveliso ethile yenziwa kwintlanzi. Le mveliso ingenziwa nangayiphi na indlela, efana nokunqunqa, ukusikelela, ukwaba amalungu athile, ukucoca, ukupakisha, ukukrozisa kunye nokugcina intlanzi. Eli ziko likwabandakanya indawo yokufaka intlanzi etotini, ukuyipakisha, ukuyomisa, ukuyiqhola ngetyiwa, ukuyifaka emkhenkceni, ukuyibandisa, ukuyiqinisa ngomkhenkce okanye ukwenza imveliso yayo ukuze ithengiswe eMzantsi Afrika okanye kumazwe angaphandle.
Yenza isicelo selungelo lokuloba kuphela xa kukho isimemo, esiya kupapashwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente.
Fumana ifom yesicelo kwiSebe lezokuSingqongileyo kunye noKhenketho okanye kwiziko lokwamkela okanye lokukhupha iifom eliya kupapashwa liSebe lezokuSingqongileyo kunye noKhenketho.
Sifunde ngocoselelo futhi uyiqonde yonke into ekwisicelo, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uyazanelisa iimfuneko kunye nemiqathango yesicelo.
Kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo nezizodwa. ungaqwalaselwa umnyenyevu wokungafunwa ndawo yokwenza imveliso yeentlanzi, ngokubona koMphathiswa weSebe lezokuSingqongileyo kunye noKhenketho.
Ukubangaba unikwe umnyenyevu wale ndawo yokwenza imveliso yeentlanzi, kufuneka usenze sona isicelo sepemethe yokuqhuba indawo yokwenza imveliso yeentlanzi.
Isicelo selungelo le-FPE singathabatha inyanga enye ukuya kutsho kwiinyanga ezi- 3, ngokuqwalasela ubungakanani bezicelo. Ipemethe yokuqhuba indawo yokwenza imveliso ingathabatha usuku olunye okanye iintsuku ezingaphezulu kwesinye, kuxhomekeke ekufakweni kwesicelo ngokufanelekileyo.
Iimali ezihlawulwayo ziqwalaselwa ngokutsha okanye ziqulungqwa ngonyaka nguMphathiswa okanye ngugunyaziwe onikwe amandla okwenza njalo, ngokusebenzisana noMphathiswa wezeMali.
R6 000 - Isicelo selungelo lendawo yokwenza imveliso yeentlanzi okanye ilungelo lokuloba: ukuze uqhube indawo yokwenza imveliso yeentlanzi.
R1 330, kongezwe i-R125 yentlawulo yesicelo- Isicelo sepemethe yokuloba: ukuze uqhube indawo yokwenza imveliso yeentlanzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Oreturnforfirstpaymentofprovisionaltax.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Xa umntu engenelwa yimali erhafelekayo engaxhuzulelwayo ngokwe-SITE okanye i-PAYE , kufanele ahlawule irhafu yokubambisa kule ngeniso-mali. Iintlawulo zerhafu yokubambisa zenziwa ngokweenyanga ezintandathu.
Irhafu yokubambisa yenzelwe ukunceda abarhafi bamelane noxanduva lwabo lwerhafu ngokuqhubekayo, endaweni yokuba bahlawule iimali ezinkulu kubekanye ngonyaka xa bevavanywa. Intlawulo yerhafu yokubambisa iyakungqamaniswa nerhafu yengeniso-mali yokugqibela ekufanele umntu ayihlawule kuloo nyaka wovavanyo ubandakanyekayo.
Umhla wokungena kwentlawulo yerhafu yokubambisa kwixesha lokuqala ukwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu ukusukela ekuqaleni konyaka wovavanyo. Intlawulo yokuqala yerhafu yokubambisa kufuneka imele isiqingatha soxanduva lokuhlawula irhafu kunyaka opheleleyo werhafu.
isiqingatha serhafu epheleleyo yonyaka opheleleyo uthabathe irhafu yomqeshwa exhuzulelwe eli xesha uthabathe naziphina iikhredithi zerhafu yangaphandle zeli xesha.
iintlawulo zerhafu yengeniso engaphezulu zingenziwa nakweyiphi na i-ofisi yesebe lakwa-SARS, ngeMivulo ukuya ngooLwezihlanu, phakathi ko-08h00 no-15h30, kungabandakanywanga iiholide zomntu wonke xa iintlawulo zenziwe nge-posi, ngokusebenzisa ibhanki okanye i-ATM, ixesha elaneleyo lokuthumela ngeposi okanye lokusebenzisa le nkqubo, malithathelwe ingqalelo xa iintlawulo zisenziwa ngekhompyutha, makwenziwe amalungiselelo okuba amaxesha ebhanki yakho amiselweyo okuvala ukuthatha iintlawulo nethuba lokuqinisekisa kokufaneleka kwentlawulo okunokwenzeka phakathi kweentsuku ezimbini nezintlanu.
uxwebhu lweSazisi salowo wenzelwa iinkonzo okanye inombolo ye-akhawunti eqhagamshelaniswe nohlobo oluthe ngqo lwerhafu ukulungiselela intlawulo.
Iintlawulo ezingangqinelaniyo nazo zombini inombolo yesalathiso yentlawulo echazwe ngentla apha noxwebhu lweSazisi lowenzelwa iinkonzo , aziyi kwamkelwa.
Ukuba ummeli usingethe imicimbi yakho yerhafu, kubalulekile ukuba uqinisekise ukuba u-SARS uyachazelwa ngalo mba. Oku kwenzelwe ukukhusela wena kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba uSARS akalidleleleli ilungelo lakho lokuba nguwe wedwa nokuba yimfihlo kwemicimbi yakho.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Oreturnforsecondprovisionaltaxpayment.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Xa umntu engenelwa yimali erhafelekayo engaxhuzulelwayo ngokwe-SITE okanye i-PAYE , kufanele ahlawule irhafu yokubambisa kule ngeniso-mali. Iintlawulo zerhafu yokubambisa zenziwa ngokweenyanga ezintandathu.
Irhafu yokubambisa yenzelwe ukunceda abarhafi bamelane noxanduva lwabo lwerhafu ngokuqhubekayo, endaweni yokuba bahlawule iimali ezinkulu kubekanye ngonyaka xa bevavanywa. Intlawulo yerhafu yokubambisa iyakungqamaniswa nerhafu yengeniso-mali yokugqibela ekufanele umntu ayihlawule kuloo nyaka wovavanyo ubandakanyekayo.
Umhla wokungena kwentlawulo yerhafu yesibini yokubambisa awudluli kumhla wokugqibela wonyaka wokuvavanywa okanye umhla ovunyiweyo wokuphela konyaka-mali.
Xa ngaba uphelo lonyaka-mali wangoFebhruwari lunobunzima ngokwezemali yaye kufunyenwe imvume kwi-SARS yokusa iingxelo zemali ngomhla ongenguwo owokuphela kukaFebhruwari, abo bantu bangaphinda bacele imvume yokusa iincwadi zokubuyisa zerhafu yokubambisa ngokuhambisana nokuphela konyaka-mali ovunyiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, zonke ezinye iingeniso-mali zihlala zikulo nyaka wovavanyo ophela ngomhla wama 28/29 Febhruwari.
irhafu eqikelelwayo iyonke kunyaka opheleleyo uthabathe irhafu yomqeshwa ehlawulwa kunyaka opheleleyo uthabathe naziphina iikhredithi zerhafu yangaphandle zonyaka opheleleyo uthabathe imali ehlawulwe kwixesha lokuqala.
Xa iintlawulo zenziwe nge-posi, ngokusebenzisa ibhanki okanye i-ATM, ixesha elaneleyo lokuthumela ngeposi okanye lokusebenzisa le nkqubo, malithathelwe ingqalelo.
Xa iintlawulo zisenziwa ngekhompyutha, makwenziwe amalungiselelo okuba amaxesha ebhanki yakho amiselweyo okuvala ukuthatha iintlawulo nethuba lokuqinisekisa kokufaneleka kwentlawulo okunokwenzeka phakathi kweentsuku ezimbini nezintlanu.
uxwebhu lweSazisi salowo wenzelwa iinkonzo okanye inombolo ye-akhawunti eqhagamshelaniswe nohlobo oluthe ngqo lwerhafu ukulungiselela intlawulo.
Iintlawulo ezingangqinelaniyo nazo zombini inombolo yesalathiso yentlawulo echazwe ngentla apha noxwebhu lweSazisi lowenzelwa iinkonzo , aziyi kwamkelwa.
Ukuba usuku lokugqibela lentlawulo liwela kumhla weholide yomntu wonke okanye kwimpela-veki, intlawulo mayenziwe ngosuku lokugqibela lokusebenza phambi komhla weholide yomntu wonke okanye phambi komhla weholide yomntu wonke okanye kwempelaveki.
Intlawulo yesibini yerhafu yokubambisa kufanele isekelwe kwingeniso-mali erhafelekayo eqikelelwayo elingana nemali esisiseko okanye imali esekelwe kwingeniso-mali yakho eyiyo nqo erhafekelayo kuloo nyaka.
Ukuba ummeli usingethe imicimbi yakho yerhafu, kubalulekile ukuba uqinisekise ukuba u-SARS uyachazelwa ngalo mba. Oku kwenzelwe ukukhusela wena kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba i-SARS akalidleleleli ilungelo lakho lokuba nguwe wedwa nokuba yimfihlo kwemicimbi yakho.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Peopleshousing.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
INkqubo yaBantu yezeZindlu licebo likarhulumente lokuzisela abantu iinkonzo zezindlu, exhasa amakhaya anqwenela ukunyusa uncediso lwawo lweesabhsidi ngokuzakhela izindlu zawo okanye ngokumanyana azakhele izindlu zawo.
Le nkqubo iphembelela abazuzi baseke umbutho wenkxaso kwezezindlu oyakubancedisa ngokuququzelela ulwakhiwo, ngokobuchwepheshe nangokweenkqubo zokuphathwa nokulawulwa kwenkqubo yezindlu. Olu ncediso lubandakanya uqeqesho nezikhokelo kubazuzi ukuze bazakhele izindlu zabo.
Le ndlela yokuzikhethela ifumaneka kubazuzi ngokusekelwe kwiprojekthi, ngokwenkqubo yesabhsidi yesongezelelo sokuqinisa, yamaziko kunye nenxulumene neprojekthi. Ngaphezu koko, iyafumaneka kwimimandla yasezilalini apho abantu banamalungelo emiqathango yosetyenziso kuphela kumhlaba abahleli kuwo.
Isebenza njani iNkqubo yaBantu yezeZindlu?
Le nkqubo ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise uncediso lwesabhsidi ukuze uzakhele indlu yakho. Njengoko uncediso lobuchwepheshe lungundoqo kule nkqubo, wonke umntu othabatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo kudingeka ukuba abenombutho wenkxaso. Lo mbutho unika inkxaso yobuchwepheshe ukuze uqinisekise ukuba indlu yakhiwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Abantu abazakhela izindlu zabo ngokwabo okanye abaququzelela ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zabo, bangakha izindlu ezinkulu ngemali encinane.
wonge iindleko zabasebenzi ngokwenza omnye umsebenzi wokwakha ngokwakho okanye ngokuncediswa yifemeli yakho, abamelwane, abahlobo kunye nabanye abantu ukuze bakuncede usinde ekubeni uhlawule inzuzo kubaphuhlisi bemihlaba, kwaye uthabathe ezona zigqibo zingcono kakhulu.
Ube utshatile okanye uhlalisana nomnye umntu, okanye kufuneka kubekho abantu abaxhomeke kuwe ngokwemali.
Ukwazi ngokwasemthethweni ukungenela isivumelwano sekhontrakthi. Oko kukuthi, kufuneka ubengaphezulu kwama 21 eminyaka yobudala okanye ube utshatile kwaye kufuneka ubesengqondweni efanelekileyo.
Ube zange ngaphambili wafumana uncediso lwesabhsidi kuRhulumente yokuthenga indlu.
Qaphela ukuba kufuneka ungene kwisivumelwano sekhontrakthi nombutho wenkxaso oliqumrhu elisemthethweni. Lo mbutho wenkxaso uyakukuncedisa ngokobuchwepheshe nangokweenkqubo zokuphatha nokulawula.
Inkqubo emayilandelwe nxulumana neSebe lezeZindlu kwiPhondo khupha iNcwadi yeSazisi yakho, eyomlingane wakho kunye nezabantwana khupha ikopi yencwadi ebonisa umvuzo wakho okanye ubungqina bemali oyamkelayo.
Isicelo siqhubekiswa ngamasebe ezindlu kumaphondo. Ixesha elithatyathwayo ukuze kuziswe le nkonzo lixhomekeka kwimeko ngemeko.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Policereservist.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
eli polisa lisebenza kuyo yonke imiba yeenkqubo zemisebenzi yobupolisa nokuba kukwinqanaba lasesikhululweni samapolisa, elommandla okanye kwelephondo, kodwa ingeyiyo imisebenzi yobuchule obuthile lingayinxiba iyunifom liyakuqeqeshwa kwimiba efanelekileyo yeenkqubo zemisebenzi yobupolisa.
eli polisa lenza imisebenzi engqalileyo yenkxaso kwi-administreyshini kwinqanaba lelizwe, elephondo, elommandla okanye elesikhululo samapolisa, kwaye alinakusebenza kwiinkqubo zemisebenzi yobupolisa.
alinxibi yunifom xa kuyimfuneko, liyakuqeqeshwa kwimiba efanelekileyo yasemthethweni, yomgaqo kunye nemiyalelo ebandakanyeka kwimisebenzi engqamene nalo.
kufuneka libenezakhono okanye ubuchule bobungcaphephe obuthile obungasetyenziswa yiNkonzo yaMapolisa ngokweenkqubo zemisebenzi yayo, umzekelo, abaqhubi beenqwelontaka, oogqirha, abantywili, oonontlalontle okanye oogqirha abaziingcaphephe zengqondo liyakwenza imisebenzi engqalileyo kwicandelo lalo lobuchule bobungcaphephe ngemvume yenkumanda yalo, lingayinxiba iyunifom kufuneka liqeqeshwe kwimiba efanelekileyo yasemthethweni, yomgaqo kunye nemiyalelo ebandakanyeka kwimisebenzi engqamene nalo.
Kufuneka liqeqeshwe kwimiba efanelekileyo yobupolisa becandelo kunye nakwinkqubo yemisebenzi okanye kwinkqubo yemisebenzi yobupolisa eyayamene nemisebenzi yalo. Kuyakufuneka uqeqesho olongezelelweyo ukubangaga libandakanyeka kwiinkqubo zemisebenzi yobupolisa becandelo.
Ipolisa elingesosigxina elityunjelwe kudidi oluthile lingatshintshelwa kulo naliphina olunye udidi ukubangaba liyahambisana nazo zonke iimfuneko zelo didi lingqalileyo kwaye liqeqeshiwe okanye lizimisele ukuya kuqeqesho olufunekayo kolo didi.
ubengumhlali osisigxina waseMzantsi Afrika ubeneminyaka eli 18 nangaphezulu ubudala, kwaye ubengaphantsi kweminyaka engama 70 ubudala ugcwalise uxwebhu lwemibuzo yempilo njengoko kuqulungqwe nguMkomishina weLizwe ungabinanto ethe gqwithi engqondweni, isifo okanye ubuthathaka obungaphazamisana nokwenza imisebenzi yakho ngokufanelekileyo ubengumntu oziphethe kakuhle, kwaye ke kuyakufuneka kufunyanwe imbali yakho yokuziphatha kakuhle ugqibe ngempumelelo uvavanyo lokusebenza kwengqondo oluqulungqwe nguMkomishina waMapolisa eLizweni okungenani ubene-senior certificate okanye iikhwalifikheyshini ezilingana naso kwaye unike ubungqina ngokwemiqulu kufuneka ukwazi ukuthetha, ukufunda nokubhala nge-English okungenani, njengelinye leelwimi ezigunyazisiweyo uvume ukunyatheliswa iminwe kwaye ube awuzange wafunyaniswa unetyala lesenzo sobugebenga okanye awukho phantsi kotshutshiso ngesenzo sobugebenga uzimisele ukuya kuqeqeshwa uzimisele ukwenza isifungo sesikhundla ungabinemivambo ebonakalayo;kwaye ngokulicebo elihle, ubenelayisensi yokuqhuba, nangona nje ingeyomfuneko ekumele iqale ifezekiswe ngamapolisa angesosigxina phambi kokuba angenele lo msebenzi.
ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadi yakho yesazisi ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yelayisensi yokuqhuba, ukuba unayo iikopi eziqinisekisiweyo zeekhwalifikheyshini zakho zemfundo.
Umntu owayekade elilungu leNkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika, esathi saliwa isicelo sakhe sokuphinda angene kule nkonzo umntu onomsebenzi othile okanye onesikhundla kwiqela lezopolitiko unondaba osisigxina okanye ummeli weenkonzo zosasazo lweendaba umfundi wesikolo unogada/igosa eliyisetyhorithi ilungu leNkonzo yaMapolisa kaMasipala.
Ukubangaba ufunyaniswe ufanelekile, isicelo sakho siyakuvunywa nguMkomishina woMmandla kwaye uyakufungiswa. Awuyikuvunyelwa wenze imisebenzi yobupolisa phambi kokuba ugqibe ngempumelelo uqeqesho lwakho. Emva koko ke, uyakunikwa isatifiketi esigunyazisiweyo sokufakwa emsebenzini.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Policies.W.99328.99328.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Emva kweminyaka emihlanu yokusebenzisana namanye amaqumrhu noluntu, iKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni iwuqoshelisile uMgaqo-nkqubo Weelwimi waseNtshona Koloni, ongowohlobo lokuqala eMzantsi Afrika. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uya kunceda ekudalweni kombono weKhaya Lethu Sonke kweli phondo ngokuqinisekisa ukulingana ngokwesimo nangokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo: osoBhulu, isiNgesi nesiXhosa. Ukwaxhasa ze uphakamise ulwimi lwabantu abangevayo lwaseMzantsi Afrika, olwamaKhoi nolwaBathwa kwakunye nezinye iilwimi zoMzantsi Afrika ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo wawiswa yipalamente yephondo ngenyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004.
Uqulunqwe yiKomiti yeeLwimi yaseNtshona Koloni, ibhodi egunyaziswe ngurhulumente wephondo laseNtshona Koloni.
Ukuphuhlisa izibonelelo zokusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokuxhasa nangokwenza ukuba kubenakho ukuqeqeshwa iingcali zolwimi.
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni zePhondo sisiBhulu, isiXhosa nesiNgesi. Ezi lwimi zingasetyenziswa kwiingxoxo nakwezinye iinkqubo zePalamente neekomiti zayo zePhondo laseNtshona Koloni. IPalamente yaseNtshona Koloni mayenze amalungiselelo eenkonzo zokutolika nokutolikela kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha lengxoxo kwiPalamente yePhondo nakuzo naziphi iikomiti zayo. Makwenziwe amalungiselelo okutolikela kulwimi lokuthetha ngezandla apho kukho imfuneko.
Ingxelo yaseburhulumenteni yeengxoxo zePalamente yePhondo mayigcinwe ngolwimi lwaseburhulumenteni ebekuxoxwa ngalo. Inguqulelo yawo nawaphi amacandelo engxelo eguqulelwe kulo naluphi ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni, malwenziwe nguSosiba wePalamente yePhondo, ngexesha elamkelekileyo emva kwengxoxo.
Lonke uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezigqibo zaseburhulumenteni zePalamente yePhondo neekomiti mazibekho kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente ingenza amalungiselelo okuba uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezisombululo zaseburhulumenteni zenziwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni zize zenziwe zibekho nakwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha elamkelekileyo.
Umthetho oyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo mawuthi usaziswa ube ubhalwe ngeelwimi zaseburhulumenteni ezimbini ubuncinane. Makusekwe inkqubo yokubolekisana ngokulinganayo kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zephondo. USosiba wePalamente makagcine irejista kwindawo enye ukuze kulawulwe ukubolekisana kwimiqulu yemithetho eyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo.
Isaziso sengxoxo okanye isaziso esingafuni kuxoxwa kwiPalamente yePhondo masenziwe sibekho ngazo zontathu iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente yePhondo ingenza amalungiselelo okuba isaziso sengxoxo sibhalwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni, uguqulelo lolwimi lubekho emva kwexesha elamkelekileyo kwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni.
Zonke izaziso nezibhengezo zaseburhulumenteni ezipapashwa kwiGazethi yePhondo nguRhulumente wePhondo mazishicilelwe ngesiBhulu, isiXhosa. nesiNgesi. Xa zishicilelwa kwamanye amaphephandaba, kwanele ukushicilela la maxwebhu, izaziso nezibhengezo ngolwimi elingalo iphephandaba ekupapashwa kulo. Ukuba akukho phephandaba lishicilelwa ngolwimi oluthile, ezi zaziso okanye izibhengezo mazishicilelwe ngolo lwimi lwaseburhulumenteni kwelinye iphephandaba.
Naliphi ilungu okanye iziko lephondo okanye urhulumente wengingqi kunxibelelwano olubhaliweyo nolungabhalwanga lalo noluntu, nasekunikeni kwalo iinkonzo zoluntu, maliqinisekise ukuba oku kwenziwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, ngoncedo lweetoliki nabaguquleli beelwimi, nezinye iindlela zobugcisa ezinjengokupapashwa kwenkqubo ekumabonakude ngolunye ulwimi kunomathotholo nokubhala inguqulelo yokuthethwayo kumabonakude, nakuluphi olunye lweelwimi zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni, oku kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zelungu okanye amalungu abahlali babo.
ukusebenzisa naluphi kwezi lwimi zintathu zaseburhulumenteni kunxibelelwano lwalo naliphi iziko lePhondo okanye uRhulumente wengingqi, ze kuncedwe nangaluphi na olunye lweelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni kumaziko ePhondo naworhulumente weNgingqi apho kukho imfuneko ebonakalayo yonxibelelwano neenkonzo ngolo lwimi okuxhomekeke kwiimfuno nokukhethwa luluntu, kungalindelwa ukuba iziko elichaphazelekayo linxibelelane kwaye linike iinkonzo ngolo lwimi, oku kuya kwenziwa ngokwemiqathango yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi weMfundo kaZwelonke.
Kumbandela wonxibelelwano olubhaliweyo phakathi kukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi nabemi, ulwimi olukhethwa ngabahlali luya kusetyenziswa. Ukuba uRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi uqala unxibelelwano, ulwimi lwabahlali abancedwayo, njengomthetho luya kuqinisekisa iilwimi eziya kusetyenziswa. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kuphicotho lokuthethwa kolwimi (language audit) oluthi lwenziwe ngamaxesha athile, ushicilelo lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi luya kukhutshwa ngolwimi okanye ngeelwimi zabemi abancedwayo.
Unxibelelwano lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi namazwe aphesheya luya kuba ngesiNgesi okanye ngolwimi olukhethwa lilizwe elichaphazelekayo.
Amaqela karhulumente wephondo nawengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi ezisetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi kwisebe, naphakathi kwalo namanye amasebe, makubekho umthetho-siseko oqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu uya kuthintelwa ekusebenziseni ulwimi alukhethayo, nangaliphi ixesha.
Amaqumrhu karhulumente wephondo nowengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi eziya kusetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi olubhaliweyo nonxibelelwano ngekhompyutha, kwisebe naphakathi kwamasebe, xa zonke iinzame ezenziweyo zenziwe ngendlela eya kwenza zihlangabezane nomgaqo osekelwe ukusetyenziswa kolwimi.
Oorhulumente beengingqi mabaqaphele ukuba ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nokukhethwa ngabemi babo ngokwemiqathango yomgaqo-nkqubo wolwimi wephondo onika ithuba lokusebenzisa ulwimi.
Ekuqinisekiseni ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nezinto ezikhethwa ngabemi, oorhulumente bengingqi, kufuneka bathethane nabemi bendawo leyo iphantsi kwabo, bekwaphuhlisa, bephumeza, kananjalo bapapashe imigaqo-nkqubo yeelwimi.
URhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi baya kukhuthaza bacebise amashishini abucala ukuba aphuhlise kwaye aphumeze imigaqo-nkqubo yawo yeelwimi evumelana nenkqubo yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi wePhondo, bawaxhase kananjalo ekwenzeni oko.
Urhulumente wephondo noorhulumente beengingqi baya kwenza imigudu yokuphuhlisa ezona lwimi zibalulekileyo kurhwebo nokhenketho, umzekelo isiJamane, isiFrentshi, isiJapani njalo njalo. Urhulumente wephondo norhulumente weengingqi uya kucebisa imibutho engeyo karhulumente ekwenzeni oko, umzekelo ukucwangcisa nokuqulunqa umgaqo-nkqubo.
Apho iqumrhu okanye iziko likarhulumente wephondo okanye weengingqi zisebizisa iibhodi ukwalatha ii-ofisi okanye iindawo zalo ezenza izinto ezithile, ezo bhodi zalathayo mazibhalwe ngeelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni. Makusetyenziswe iilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngokulinganayo kwiimpawu ezalatha indlela ezingeyo nxalenye yezo ze-RTRN. Kumbandela wamagama ezitalato zengingqi, makuthathelwe ingqalelo abemi bengingqi. Izakhiwo ezithile zikarhulumente wenginqqi njengee-ofisi zikamasipala, iikliniki zempilo namathala eencwadi ziya kwalathwa ngeelwimi ezintathu ngawo onke amaxesha.
xa kuthethwa ngoRhulumente wePhondo kuthethwa ngemisebenzi yesigqeba, yowiso-mthetho, yokujongana nomthetho neenkundla kwakunye nolawulo lukarhulumente ephondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Policies.W.99328.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Emva kweminyaka emihlanu yokusebenzisana namanye amaqumrhu noluntu, iKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni iwuqoshelisile uMgaqo-nkqubo Weelwimi waseNtshona Koloni, ongowohlobo lokuqala eMzantsi Afrika. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uya kunceda ekudalweni kombono weKhaya Lethu Sonke kweli phondo ngokuqinisekisa ukulingana ngokwesimo nangokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo: osoBhulu, isiNgesi nesiXhosa. Ukwaxhasa ze uphakamise ulwimi lwabantu abangevayo lwaseMzantsi Afrika, olwamaKhoi nolwaBathwa kwakunye nezinye iilwimi zoMzantsi Afrika ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo wawiswa yipalamente yephondo ngenyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004.
Uqulunqwe yiKomiti yeeLwimi yaseNtshona Koloni, ibhodi egunyaziswe ngurhulumente wephondo laseNtshona Koloni.
Ukuphuhlisa izibonelelo zokusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokuxhasa nangokwenza ukuba kubenakho ukuqeqeshwa iingcali zolwimi.
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni zePhondo sisiBhulu, isiXhosa nesiNgesi. Ezi lwimi zingasetyenziswa kwiingxoxo nakwezinye iinkqubo zePalamente neekomiti zayo zePhondo laseNtshona Koloni. IPalamente yaseNtshona Koloni mayenze amalungiselelo eenkonzo zokutolika nokutolikela kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha lengxoxo kwiPalamente yePhondo nakuzo naziphi iikomiti zayo. Makwenziwe amalungiselelo okutolikela kulwimi lokuthetha ngezandla apho kukho imfuneko.
Ingxelo yaseburhulumenteni yeengxoxo zePalamente yePhondo mayigcinwe ngolwimi lwaseburhulumenteni ebekuxoxwa ngalo. Inguqulelo yawo nawaphi amacandelo engxelo eguqulelwe kulo naluphi ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni, malwenziwe nguSosiba wePalamente yePhondo, ngexesha elamkelekileyo emva kwengxoxo.
Lonke uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezigqibo zaseburhulumenteni zePalamente yePhondo neekomiti mazibekho kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente ingenza amalungiselelo okuba uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezisombululo zaseburhulumenteni zenziwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni zize zenziwe zibekho nakwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha elamkelekileyo.
Umthetho oyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo mawuthi usaziswa ube ubhalwe ngeelwimi zaseburhulumenteni ezimbini ubuncinane. Makusekwe inkqubo yokubolekisana ngokulinganayo kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zephondo. USosiba wePalamente makagcine irejista kwindawo enye ukuze kulawulwe ukubolekisana kwimiqulu yemithetho eyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo.
Isaziso sengxoxo okanye isaziso esingafuni kuxoxwa kwiPalamente yePhondo masenziwe sibekho ngazo zontathu iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente yePhondo ingenza amalungiselelo okuba isaziso sengxoxo sibhalwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni, uguqulelo lolwimi lubekho emva kwexesha elamkelekileyo kwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni.
Zonke izaziso nezibhengezo zaseburhulumenteni ezipapashwa kwiGazethi yePhondo nguRhulumente wePhondo mazishicilelwe ngesiBhulu, isiXhosa. nesiNgesi. Xa zishicilelwa kwamanye amaphephandaba, kwanele ukushicilela la maxwebhu, izaziso nezibhengezo ngolwimi elingalo iphephandaba ekupapashwa kulo. Ukuba akukho phephandaba lishicilelwa ngolwimi oluthile, ezi zaziso okanye izibhengezo mazishicilelwe ngolo lwimi lwaseburhulumenteni kwelinye iphephandaba.
Naliphi ilungu okanye iziko lephondo okanye urhulumente wengingqi kunxibelelwano olubhaliweyo nolungabhalwanga lalo noluntu, nasekunikeni kwalo iinkonzo zoluntu, maliqinisekise ukuba oku kwenziwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, ngoncedo lweetoliki nabaguquleli beelwimi, nezinye iindlela zobugcisa ezinjengokupapashwa kwenkqubo ekumabonakude ngolunye ulwimi kunomathotholo nokubhala inguqulelo yokuthethwayo kumabonakude, nakuluphi olunye lweelwimi zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni, oku kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zelungu okanye amalungu abahlali babo.
ukusebenzisa naluphi kwezi lwimi zintathu zaseburhulumenteni kunxibelelwano lwalo naliphi iziko lePhondo okanye uRhulumente wengingqi, ze kuncedwe nangaluphi na olunye lweelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni kumaziko ePhondo naworhulumente weNgingqi apho kukho imfuneko ebonakalayo yonxibelelwano neenkonzo ngolo lwimi okuxhomekeke kwiimfuno nokukhethwa luluntu, kungalindelwa ukuba iziko elichaphazelekayo linxibelelane kwaye linike iinkonzo ngolo lwimi, oku kuya kwenziwa ngokwemiqathango yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi weMfundo kaZwelonke.
Kumbandela wonxibelelwano olubhaliweyo phakathi kukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi nabemi, ulwimi olukhethwa ngabahlali luya kusetyenziswa. Ukuba uRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi uqala unxibelelwano, ulwimi lwabahlali abancedwayo, njengomthetho luya kuqinisekisa iilwimi eziya kusetyenziswa. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kuphicotho lokuthethwa kolwimi (language audit) oluthi lwenziwe ngamaxesha athile, ushicilelo lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi luya kukhutshwa ngolwimi okanye ngeelwimi zabemi abancedwayo.
Unxibelelwano lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi namazwe aphesheya luya kuba ngesiNgesi okanye ngolwimi olukhethwa lilizwe elichaphazelekayo.
Amaqela karhulumente wephondo nawengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi ezisetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi kwisebe, naphakathi kwalo namanye amasebe, makubekho umthetho-siseko oqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu uya kuthintelwa ekusebenziseni ulwimi alukhethayo, nangaliphi ixesha.
Amaqumrhu karhulumente wephondo nowengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi eziya kusetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi olubhaliweyo nonxibelelwano ngekhompyutha, kwisebe naphakathi kwamasebe, xa zonke iinzame ezenziweyo zenziwe ngendlela eya kwenza zihlangabezane nomgaqo osekelwe ukusetyenziswa kolwimi.
Oorhulumente beengingqi mabaqaphele ukuba ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nokukhethwa ngabemi babo ngokwemiqathango yomgaqo-nkqubo wolwimi wephondo onika ithuba lokusebenzisa ulwimi.
Ekuqinisekiseni ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nezinto ezikhethwa ngabemi, oorhulumente bengingqi, kufuneka bathethane nabemi bendawo leyo iphantsi kwabo, bekwaphuhlisa, bephumeza, kananjalo bapapashe imigaqo-nkqubo yeelwimi.
URhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi baya kukhuthaza bacebise amashishini abucala ukuba aphuhlise kwaye aphumeze imigaqo-nkqubo yawo yeelwimi evumelana nenkqubo yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi wePhondo, bawaxhase kananjalo ekwenzeni oko.
Urhulumente wephondo noorhulumente beengingqi baya kwenza imigudu yokuphuhlisa ezona lwimi zibalulekileyo kurhwebo nokhenketho, umzekelo isiJamane, isiFrentshi, isiJapani njalo njalo. Urhulumente wephondo norhulumente weengingqi uya kucebisa imibutho engeyo karhulumente ekwenzeni oko, umzekelo ukucwangcisa nokuqulunqa umgaqo-nkqubo.
Apho iqumrhu okanye iziko likarhulumente wephondo okanye weengingqi zisebizisa iibhodi ukwalatha ii-ofisi okanye iindawo zalo ezenza izinto ezithile, ezo bhodi zalathayo mazibhalwe ngeelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni. Makusetyenziswe iilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngokulinganayo kwiimpawu ezalatha indlela ezingeyo nxalenye yezo ze-RTRN. Kumbandela wamagama ezitalato zengingqi, makuthathelwe ingqalelo abemi bengingqi. Izakhiwo ezithile zikarhulumente wenginqqi njengee-ofisi zikamasipala, iikliniki zempilo namathala eencwadi ziya kwalathwa ngeelwimi ezintathu ngawo onke amaxesha.
xa kuthethwa ngoRhulumente wePhondo kuthethwa ngemisebenzi yesigqeba, yowiso-mthetho, yokujongana nomthetho neenkundla kwakunye nolawulo lukarhulumente ephondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Policy.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkcazelo 2. Injongo 3. Imigaqo 4. Ukutsalwa kwemali nguMqeshi 5. Amatyala asemva ooceba nawabasebenzi bakamasipala 6. Ulawulo lwamatyala 7. Iimbambano 8. Ukwabiwa kwamatyala 9. Ityala elingenakuphinda lihlawuleke Isahluko 2: Iireyithi zeePropati neeNKonzo 10. Iireyithi zenyanga 11. Iinkonzo 12. Elinye ityala 13. Amalungiselelo 14. Imimandla eneeReyithi eziZodwa Isahluko 3: Ezezindlu 15. Imithetho-siseko engundoqo 16. Inkqubo yokukoleka: Iinkqubo zokuRenta 17. Inkqubo yokukoleka: Inkqubo zokuba nguMnini-ndlu 18. Amalungiselelo okuhlawula ityala elisemva 19. Ukubonelelwa kwaBahluphekayo Isahluko 4: Umrhumo weBhunga weeNKonzo zoMmandla 20. Ingcaciso 21.
Ubume bemirhumo 23. Usetyenziso olugqithisileyo 24. Amatyala asemva 25. Inkqubo yokubhalisa 26. Ukubonelelwa kwaBahluphekayo: Iireyithi zePropati 27. Ukubonelelwa kwaBahluphekayo: Amanzi 28. Ukubonelelwa kwaBahluphekayo: Umbane 29. Inkunkuma 30 Amanyathelo olawulo lwamatyala 31.
amatyala ngamatyala" ibhekisa kulo naliphi na ityala ngaphandle kweereyithi, awendlu, aweemitha zokubala, awogutyulo nawokuthuthwa kwenkunkuma; kananjalo "isixhobo solawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi'' sibhekisa kwisixhobo sokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi, usetyenziso lwamanzi okanye iimfuno zamanzi zepropati ehlala uluntu. 2 Injongo Injongo yalo Mgaqonkqubo kukwenza oku- (a) kukugxila kuwo onke amatyala angekahlwulwa abhalwe kwiakhawunti yabakweliti; (b) ukubonelela ngomgaqonkqubo ofanayo wolawulo lwamatyala noqokelelo lwezikweliti; (c) ukukhuthaza uluntu olutyalayo ukuba luwahlawule amatyala nokwenza ukuba xa benamatyala bazive benoxanduva lokuba bawahlawule nokucutha ityala likamasipala; (d) kulandelwa imithetho-siseko ekulo Mgaqonkqubo, makusetyenziswe iinkqubo ezinengqiqo, ezingenazindleko zininzi nezinempumelelo ekuqokeleleni izikweliti yaye oko kwenziwe ngexeshana elifutshane kungakhange kwaba naziphazamiso kwinkqubo le. (e) kukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho into eyenziwayo ngabantu abangahlawuliyo kulandelwa imiqathango yomgaqonkqubo.
f Izicelo ezitsha zeenkonzo ziya kuxhomekeka kulwazi olukhoyo ngamatyala onawo yaye iimali umntu azityalayo zingadlulselwa kwiakhawunti entsha. Lonke ulwazi olunikwe kwifomu yesicelo lusenokuqinisekiswa nguMasipala kulo naliphi na iziko lovimba wolwazi, nakwiziko eligcine ulwazi lwamatyala abantu nakuyo nayiphi na ibhanki umasipala abona kulilungelo ukuba ayibuze ukuze aqinisekise ukuba umfaki-sicelo uyakwazi ukuwahlawula amatyala akhe. Umasipala unelungelo lokuchaza ngesimbo sokuhlawula kakubi xa oko kuyimfuneko kumaxesha ngamaxesha; (g) Xa kungekho ezinye iindlela ezisenokusetyenzisa uMasipala angahlisa amazinga eenkonzo ukuze kulawulwe ukukhula kwetyala; (h) Abakweliti bangathunyelwa kwiiarhente eziqokelela amatyala, kananjalo bangabekwa kuluhlu lweSizwe lwaBantu abaTyalayo; (i) Ukuba ityala alihlawulwanga ngomhla wokulihlawula, umntu uya kunikwa inyanga enye ze emva kwayo elo tyala libe benzala. Inzala iya kubalwa ngeenyanga ukususela ngomhla wokungahlawuli kwinyanga nganye, okanye inxalenye yenyanga ethe lo akhawunti ayahlawulwa ngayo; (j) Ukunceda kumalungiselelo, umkweliti kusenokufuneka ukuba athobele nawaphi na amanyathelo okumcingela ekunokufuneka athatyathwe ukuhlisa izinga lokusebenzisa iinkonzo ukuze zifikelele kwizinga anokukwazi ukulihlawula; (k) Imiqathango equlethwe kwifomu ekufuneka isetyenzisiwe okanye uxwebhu olusetyenzisiweyo ekumiseleni lo mgaqonkqubo, ezo zinto ziyinxalnye yalo mgaqonkqubo yaye zibandakanyiwe njengezikhanywe ngqo; (l) Abakweliti abahlawula amatyala abo ngekhredithi-khadi nalapho ixabiso lentlawulo liyi-R3 000,00 nangaphezulu, okanye isixamali esigqitywe liBhunga xa ligqiba imirhumo, baya kuba noxanduva lwendleko yalo ntlawulo eya kudluliselwa kuMasipala yibhanki. (m) Ukumiswa kwenyathelo lolawulo lwetyala, xa lithe laphazanyiswa nangasiphi na isizathu, apho kunokwazeka kuya kuthi kuphinde kuqale kwinyathelo lokugqibela elalithatyathiwe. 4. Ukutsalwa kwemali ngumqeshi Qho xa kufikelelwa kwisivumelwano ngokwecandelo 8, loMthetho kaMasipala woLawulo lwaMatyala noQokelelo lweZikweliti weSixeko saseKapa, kunye nomqeshi, uMasipala kungafuneka ahlawule ikhomishini kumqeshi, esisixamali esiya kugqitywa amaxesha ngamaxesha. 5. Iimali ezisemva zooCeba nabasebenzi bakaMasipala (a) Amatyala asemva abasebenzi kuya kujongwana nawo kulandelwa uShedyuli 2 womthetho i-Systems Act, yaye kulandelwe naziphi ezinye iinkqubo okanye amanyathelo ekubhekiswe kuwo kuMgaqonkqubo. Noxa kukho ezinye iinkqubo okanye amanyathelo ekubhekiswe kuwo kuMgaqonkqubo anokuthi athathwe, uMasipala uya kuthi atsale nasiphi na isixamali esilityala kwimivuzo yabasebenzi emva kwesithuba seenyanga ezi-3 (ntathu).
b Ngokwemiqathango kaShedyuli 1, umba 12A we-Systems Act, uCeba woMasipala akanakuba semva kumatyala eenkonzo, iireyithi zepropati, iirhafu zikamasipala isithuba seenyanga ezi-3 ntathu. Noxa kukho ezinye iinkqubo okanye amanyathelo ekubhekiswe kuwo kuMgaqonkqubo anokuthi athathwe, uMasipala uya kuthi atsale nasiphi na isixamali esilityala kumvuzo kaCeba lowo emva kwesithuba seenyanga ezi-3 ntathu. 6. Ulawulo lwamatyala 1 Zonke izicelo ezitsha zobonelelo ngeenkonzo zinokunyanzeleka ukuba zixhomekeke ekuhlawulweni kwediphozithi, oko kusekelezelwe kwindlela umfaki-sicelo ebekade ehlawula ngayo amatyla kamasipala apho kuya kufuneka eyiona diphozithi incinci kumrhumo ngamnye. 2 Naluphi na uhlengahlengiso kwidiphozithi luya kuxhomekela kwirekhodi lomkweliti leentlawulo zamatyala kaMasipala. 3 Kusenokunyanzeleka ukuba kuhlolwe onke amatyala omfaki-sicelo kwinzame zokuphanda onke amatyala anawo kubandakanywa nakamasipala. Oku kuza kunyanzelisa ukuba kubonelelwe ngesazisi esisiso, yaye kusenokufuneka nesivumelwano sokurenta esibophelelayo, amaxwebhu obunini-tayitile kwakunye namanye amaxwebhu aya kumane efunwa ngumasipala amaxesha ngamaxesha. Ifomu efanelekileyo yokufaka isicelo eyamkelwe nguMasipala amaxesha ngamaxesha iyinxalenye yalo Mgaqonkqubo ukuba ngaba izinto eziqulethwe kulo fomu yesicelo azikhabani nezibonelelo zalo Mgaqonkqubo. 4 Izicelo zeenkonzo zamashishini, ezibandakanya kodwa ezingaphelelanga kwiitrasti, iinkampani, imifelandawonye, ubuhlakani kumashishini, abantu abanamashishini kunye namaziko karhulumente kufuneka zamkelwe phantsi kwemiqathango yomhlathana 1 olapha ngentla. Isicelo kufuneka sibandakanye isigqibo esinikeza igunya kumfaki-sicelo sinikeze, ukuba ikhona, nembolo yobhaliso yeshishini elo, okanye iNombolo-Salathiso yeTrasti T number zidlulisele kwi-Master of the High Court. Kufuneka kungeniswe amagama, iidilesi nazo zonke iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zabalawuli beshishini okanye amalungu okanye abanini-trasti okanye abanini-shishini kunye nesigqibo eso sithathiweyo. Ifomu efanelekileyo yokufaka isicelo eyamkelwe nguMasipala amaxesha ngamaxesha iyinxalenye yalo Mgaqonkqubo ukuba ngaba izinto eziqulethwe kulo fomu yesicelo azikhabani nezibonelelo zalo Mgaqonkqubo. 5 UMasipala akasayi kushishina yaye akayi kubonelela ngazinkonzo kuye nawuphi na umntu osemva ekuhlawuleni amatyala kamasipala ngaphandle kwaxa elandela imiqathango yomgaqonkqubo ngokugqitywa nguMasipala amaxesha ngamaxesha, kananjalo akukho mntu oya kuthi etyala iakhawunti kaMasipala abuyiselwe imali.
Iimbambano Kulo mba "imbambano" ibhekisa kwixa apho umntu okwelitayo enento emkhwinisayo kwiakhawunti yakhe kaMasipala okanye eyibhekisa kuManejala weSixeko elandela inkqubo equlethwe kwibinzana elilapha ngezantsi. Ukuze imbambano ingeniswe kuMasipala, kufuneka kulandelwe ezi nkqubo zilandelayo: Emakwenziwe nguMkweliti (a) Imbambano leyo kufuneka ingeniswe ibhaliwe okanye ichazelwe igosa eliya kuthi lona liyibhale phantsi lize limsayinisa umntu lowo ebeyichaza ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyiyo. Olo xwebhu kufuneka likhawuleze lidluliswe kwigosa elinegunya lokujongana nayo. (b) Akukho mbambano iya kungeniswa ingabhalwanga okanye echazwa ngefowuni. (c) Umkweliti makanike zonke iinkcukacha zakhe kuquka neenombolo zakhe zeakhawunti ezikwaMasipala, iinombolo zakhe zefowuni, ezefeksi, idilesi yeposi neye-imeyili kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iinkcukacha ezifunwa nguMasipala. (d) Makunikwe inkcazelo epheleleyo ngembambano leyo kwimbalelwano ekubhekiswe kuyo apha ngentla. (e) Ngumkweliti ekufuneka eqinisekisile ukuba uyayifuna imbalelwano ethi ileta yakhe yembambano ifunyenwe. Emakwenziwe nguMasipala (a) Akufumana ileta yembambano, uMasipala kufuneka ethatha la manyathelo alandelayo: (b) Zonke iileta zembambano ezifunyenweyo kufuneka zirekhodishwe kwirejista yokwenza oko. Kufuneka kubhalwe olu lwazi lulandelayo kuloo rejista: (i) inombolo yeakhawunti yomkweliti; (ii) igama lomkweliti; (iii) idilesi yomkweliti; (iv) iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zembambano; (v) igama legosa elinikwe ileta yembambano ukuba liyiphande ze liyisombulule lilandela imiqathango ekuMgaqonkqubo; (vi) amanyathelo athatyathiweyo ukusombulula imbambano; (vii) umtyikityo wegosa elilawulayo. (d) Igosa elilawulayo neligunyazisiweyo liya kugcina irejista kulo ze limana ljonga inkqubela mihla le okanye ngeveki okanye lilandelele iimbambano ezingekasonjululwa. (e) Makabhalele umkweliti amchazele ukuba imbalelwano yakhe yembambano uyifumene. Kulandelwa le miqathango ilandelayo xa kuqwalaselwa iimbambano: (a) Zonke iimbambano kufuneka zisonjululwe nguManejala weSixeko.
b Isigqibo sikaManejala weSixeko asinakujikwa mntu yaye sikhokelela ekumiselweni ngokukhawuleza kwamanyathelo oqokelelo lwesikweliti nolawulo lwetyala ngokwezibonelelo zoMgaqonkqubo emva kokuba umkweliti eye waziswa ngesiphumo sesibheno sakhe. c Eso sikweliti asisayi kuphinda sichazwe njengembambano ngokwalo mhlathi yaye asisayi kuphinda siqwalaselwe njengomba wembambano. d Ukuba umkweliti akanelisekanga sisiphumo sembambano, angangenisa isibheno ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 62 lomthetho i-Systems Act. 4 UMasipala unelungelo lokuhlaba ikhwelo lembambano kulo naliphi na ityala xa oko ekubona kufanelekile. 8. Ukwabiwa kwesikweliti 1 Ngokwecandelo 102 a lomthetho i-Systems Act kaMasipala, onke amatyala ahluka-hlukeneyo omntu onoxanduva lokuhlawula uMasipala, athathwa njengetyala elihlangeneyo, noxa amatyala alo mkweliti esenokuba ahlukanisiwe, yaye oku kubandakanya neenkonzo esele zihlawulelwe kwangaphambili ezingaphunyelwa matyala zona. 2 Onke amatyala ahluka-hlukeneyo omntu onoxanduva lokuhlawula uMasipala, athathwa njengetyala elihlangeneyo. 3 Xa kuhlawulwa ityala elingenambambano, ngokweCandelo 7 loMthetho kaMasipala woLawulo lwaMatyala noQokelelo lweZikweliti, kuya kuqala kwabelwe elona tyala lidala kuqala, intlawulo yabiwe ngokulinganayo yahlulelwe zonke iimali ezityalwayo de kuye kufikwa kwityala lamvanje. 9. Isikweliti esingahlawulekiyo Inkqubo elandelwayo kwityala elingahlawulekiyo 1 Ityala liya kubonwa njengelingenakuhlawuleka ukuba yenziwe yonke le nkqubo ilandelayo: a zikhutshwe zonke izaziso yaye kulandelwe zonke iindlela ezisemthethweni ezingadli mali ininzi zokufumana imali etyalwayo; okanye b nayiphi na imali eyi-R500.00 nengaphantsi kwayo, okanye loo mali egqitywe liBhunga kumaxesha ngamaxesha iya kubonwa njengemali encinci kakhulu emva kokuba kwenziwe unako-nako wokuyifumana ukuba mayiphinde ilandelelwe; okanye c iindleko zokufumana eso sikweliti azivumi ukuba kuphinde kuthathwe amanye amanyathelo; okanye d imali eshiyekileyo yintsalela emva kokuhlawulwa kwemali ehlawulelwe ipropati ebhangisiweyo ngenxa yokutshona; okanye i kukho ingozi yokuba kufuneke kurhunywe; okanye ii akukho nzuzo eya kufunyanwa ngabatyalwa; okanye e ipropati yomntu obhubhileyo ayinazi-asethi ezinokuhlawula isikweliti esisaseleyo emva kokwabiwa kwalo propati; okanye i apho ipropati ingachazwanga kuMlawuli-Nkundla yaye akukho zi-asethi zinexabiso ekunokuthathwa kuzo; okanye f ukuba kukho ubungqina bokuba ityala lidala yaye akusanyanzelekanga ukuba lihlawulwe; okanye g umkweliti akafumaneki okanye akakwazi kuchazwa ukuba ngubani ukuze kukwazeke ukuba kuqhutyekwe namanyathelo; okanye i umkweliti wemka waya kwelinye ilizwe akashiya ziasethi zinexabiso elaneleyo lokuba kungenziwa ibango kuzo liBhunga; okanye h akukho bungqina ukuba sikho okunene eso sikweliti; okanye i inkundla ikhuphe isigqibo sokuba loo mali ayinakukwazi ukufumaneka; okanye i eso sikweliti sidalwa yimpazamo eyenziwe licandelo lezemali okanye lolawulo likaMasipala; okanye j zonke iimali ezisemva ziya kucinywa apho abasebenzisi bamanzi abayinxalenye yeSicwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soLungiso lokuVuza kwaManzi, apho ixabiso lepropati eliphuculweyo lingaphantsi kwe-R199 000.00, okanye lelo ligqitywe liBhunga kumaxesha ngamaxesha, ziye zalungiswa ezo ndawo zinamanzi avuzayo yaye kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu ukusukela emva kokuba kulungiswe loo nto- i baye bawahlawula amatyala abo amanzi nawogutyulo ngomhla okanye phambi komhla obekiweyo; yaye, ii amanzi abawasebenzisi ngokugqithisileyo; iii umba weenyanga ezintandathu ekubhekiswe kuwo kumhlathana j awusebenzi kwipropati efakelwe isixhobo solawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi; okanye k amatyala asuka kumacandelo abekade elawula isixeko ngaphambili, ekungoku ayinxalenye yeSixeko saseKapa; okanye l inkcitho eyenziweyo malunga namatyala angaphakathi asegameni leSixeko saseKapa, iphakanyiswe kuwo nawuphi na unyakamali ogqithileyo; okanye m ukuguqulwa kwentsalela zamatyala amadala abakweliti asuka koomasipala abebephethe ngaphambili abayinxalenye yeSixeko saseKapa ngoku, nalapho kwakuthathwe amanyathelo angawo ukufumana ezo zikweliti; okanye n bonke abakweliti ababhaliswe njengabahluphekileyo njengoko kuchaziwe kumba 24 1 aya kucinywa amatyala abo; okanye o ukuba ngaba umkweliti uqinisekisa ukuba uza kulihlawula lonke ityala kube oko kubhalwe phantsi nguManejala weSixeko ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 14 2 loMthetho kaMasipala woLawulo lwaMatyala noQokelelo lweZikweliti; okanye p onke amatyala angekahlawulwa angacinywa njengezikweliti ezibi apho iBhunga- i lixuthe nayiphi na ipropati; okanye ii lithenge nayiphi na ipropati ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 10 1 f; okanye q onke amatyala angekahlawulwa angacinywa njengezikweliti ezibi apho ipropati ithathwe nguRhulumente ngokwemiqathango yomthetho oyi-Prevention of Organised Crime Act 121 ka-1998; okanye i apho abantu ebebehlala kwindlu bekhutshiwe kwipropati yeBhunga, yePhondo okanye ekaRhulumente ngenxa yeziganeko zolwaphulomthetho. Ugunyaziso Njengokuba iireyithi zithathwa njengokuba zona zinokuhlawuleka, zonke izicelo zokucima amatyala eereyithi kufuneka zingeniswe ngokwahlukileyo kwigosa likamasipala elinikwe igunya lokuba licime elo tyala. Malunga namanye amatyala, kufuneka kwenziwe ishedyuli inombolo ye-akhawunti, igama lomtyali, idilesi yokuhlala apho ityala lalenziwe khona, idilesi, inombolo yesiza, ukuba kukho imfuneko, ixabiso kuluhlu ngalinye olukuluhlu lwe-akhawunti kwakunye nesizathu sokucinywa kwetyala elo. Nangona kukho le miba ilapha ngentla, uMasipala okanye naliphi igosa eligunyazisiweyo alisayi kuba nasibophelelo sokucima naliphi ityala kwaye elo gosa liya kusoloko linegunya lokuthatha isigqibo.
e nakweliphi na inqanaba lokungahlawuli komtyali, onke amanqanaba afanelekileyo aya kuthatyathwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba isohlwayo sokugqibela/esikwiqondo lokugqibela sentengiselwano eqhubekayo siyaphetshwa okanye sithathwa njengenyathelo lokugqibela. Kambe ke uMasipala unoxanduva olugqibeleleyo kwintengiso eyenziwayo ukuba umtyali unokuwa phantsi ekusebenziseni ezinye iindlela ezinikiweyo zikaMasipala kumaxesha ngamaxesha. Oku kuchaphazela onke amatyala yaye kubandakanya amatyala epropati ekubhekiswe kuwo kwiSahluko 2 nesesi-4 salo Mgaqonkqubo. f Njengenxalenye yokufumana imali etyalwayo, uManejala weSixeko angafaka ixabiso elingekho ngaphezulu kwe-Rx Rx engayiyo ne- R10,00 okanye ityala lilonke kunye nendleko ze afake nemali enokuhlawula ityala lokususwa kweereyithi ebezityalwa, xa kuthengiswa loo propati, yaye ukuba uphumelele, uya kusayina onke amaxwebhu amvumela ukuba abe ngumnini waloo propati. g Umanejala weSixeko uza kuba nelungelo lokwenza uthethwano malunga nokuthengiswa kwepropati kananjalo nelokumisa intengiso, njengoko kuchaziwe kwicandelwana f elilapha ngentla, phambi kokuba idluliselwe kwiSixeko ukuba olo miso lwenza ukuba umnini-ndlu okanye umkweliti okanye bobabini bahlawule lonke ityala abanalo kwiSixeko elimalunga naloo propati kwakunye nazo zonke iindleko ezichaphazela oko.
Iinkonzo La malungiselelo/zibonelelo zilandelayo zisebenza kwintlawulo yeenkonzo; (a) i-akhawunti mayihlawulwe ngomhla omiselweyo njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-akhawunti; (b) inzala iya kuhlawulelwa zonke ii-akhawunti ezidlulwe lixesha lokuhlawula; (c) umtyali makalunyukiswe ngokunqunyanyiswa kwenkonzo ukuba intlawulo ye-akhawunti yenyanga ayihlawulwanga ngomhla omiselweyo; (d) ukuba intlawulo ayifunyanwanga okanye akwenziwanga malungiselelo entlawulo malunga nomhla omiselweyo, isaziso masihanjiswe ngesandla ukusiwa kwidilesi yokuhlala enikiweyo malunga nokunqunyanyiswa okukhawulezileyo emva kweentsuku ezi-7 (sixhenxe) ukusuka kumhla obekiweyo kwisaziso eso; (e) ukuba intlawulo ayifunyanwanga okanye akwenziwanga malungiselelo entlawulo malunga nomhla omiselweyo kwisaziso, unikezo okanye unikezo lweenkonzo luya kunqunyanyiswa okanye luyekiswe; (f) isaziso siya kushiywa kumhlaba lowo esibonisa ukuba unikezelo luyekisiwe okanye lunqunyanyisiwe kwaye kwaziswe ukuba zonke indawo ezisebenza ngombane mazithathwe njengezisebenzayo kwaye nazo zonke indawo ezikhupha amanzi zivalwe. Isaziso masazise ukuba unikezelo lwenkonzo luya kwenziwa/kuqhubeleka kwakhona kuphela xa ixabiso ilimiselweyo, eliquka nemali yokubuyisela inkonzo ihlawulwe okanye amalungiselelo enziweyo emkelwe nguMasipala; (g) esi Saziso singasentla masilumkise ngeziphumo zokubuyisela inkonzo ngokungekho mthethweni; (h) bonke abathengi abangabahlali bomhlaba abanqunyanyiselwe unikezelo lwamanzi baya kufumana kuphela isibonelelo samanzi angundoqo akumyinge we-6kl ngenyanga ngohlobo lokuziswa kwamanzi athintelweyo okanye unikezelo lwamanzi lokwabelana olukumgama ophakathi kweemitha ezingama-200 ukusuka kumhlaba; yaye (i) uManejala weSixeko nguye yedwa onelungelo lokunyanzelisa ukuba kufakwe isixhobo solawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi kwipropati apho amanzi amane ecuthwa ngenxa yokungahlawulwa kwawo; okanye (ii) xa uManejala weSixeko ebona ukuba umkweliti usenokungakwazi ukuhlawula uMasipala; yaye isixhobo solawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi singamiswa okanye siyekiswe xa amatyala ekubhekiswe kumba okanye icandelo 8 no- engahlawulwanga.
i phantsi kwezibonelelo eziqulathwe kumba f, abatyali banokulindeleka ukuba bahlawule zonke izigwebo kunye namatyala angahlawulwanga ngokuzeleyo ngaphambi kokuba unikezelo luqhubeke kwakhona; (j) kuphantsi kwamandla kaMasipala ngelo xesha ukuba abuyisele kwakhona inkonzo, iinkonzo ebezithintelwe okanye zinqunyanyisiwe ziya kubuyiselwa ngethuba elifanelekileyo emva kwexesha lokuba umtyali evelise isiqinisekiso sokuhlawula ixabiso elifunekayo; (k) uxanduva luya kuhlala lilelomtyali ukuba enze isicelo sokubuyiselwa kwenkonzo kwakhona kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso elipheleleyo lothintelo okanye lonqunyanyiso ebelikwisaziso lihlawulwe okanye amalungiselelo enziwe phantsi kwemiqathango yomba osezantsi (f); (l) nangona kubekwe la malungiselelo akumba (a) ukuya ku (k), ukuba unikezelo lweenkonzo luqhubekile lungahlawulwa, imiqathango yokuthatha/yokubuyiselwa ezeleyo, kuquka amanyathelo ofanelekileyo asemthethweni aya kuthatyathwa ukuqokelela ezi mali. La malungiselelo alandelayo asebenza kwimeko apho kuthe kwasetyenziswa ngokungekho mthethweni, kwaphazanyiswana, nonikezelo lwamanzi okanye umbane ngokungekho mthethweni: (a) Ukusetyenziswa/ukufakelwa kwakhona kwenkonzo, okanye ukuphazamisana nonikezelo lwenkonzo kuthathwa njengolwaphulomthetho olunokukhokelela ekuthathweni kwamanyathelo asemthethweni. Apho kuthe kwenzeka olu lwaphulo mthetho, unikezelo lwamanzi okanye olombane luya kunqunyanyiswa; (b) amaxabiso ewonke etyala elingahlawulwanga kunye naluphi usetyenziso olungekho mthethweni, kwakunye naluphi uluhlu lwamaxabiso olufanelekileyo, aya kuhlawulwa phambi kokubuyiselwa kwakhona kwenkonzo. Ukuba kubekho iimeko ezithile, amalungiselelo entlawulo awaneleyo anokuvunyelwa ngokuxhomekeke kwisigqibo esisodwa soMlawuli weSixeko.
i uManejala weSixeko nguye yedwa onelungelo lokunyanzelisa ukuba kufakwe imitha yombane osele uhlawulelwe kwipropati apho umbane uye wacinywa kathathu ngenxa yokungahlawulwa; okanye ii uManejala weSixeko ebona ukuba umkweliti usenokungakwazi ukuhlawula uMasipala; yaye imitha yombane ingamiswa okanye iyekiswe xa amatyala ekubhekiswe kumba okanye icandelo 8 1 no-2 engahlawulwanga..
Ubuncinane ngama-20% ukuya kubukhulu obungama-50% bexabiso leeyunithi ezithengiweyo zombane eziya kwabelwa ixesha lokuqala letyala elingahlawulwanga lombane ukuze emva koko libekelwe nayo nayiphi intlawulo engahlawulwanga. Eli nyathelo liya kuthatyathwa ngokuthi kwenziwe amalungiselelo nomtyali kwaye liya kuhlala lihleli lingatshintshanga Ummeli ogunyazisiweyo wonikezelo lwenkonzo kuMasipala, uya kunikwa imvume yokungena nakweyiphi indawo yokuhlala/umhlaba nesakhiwo ngokuhambiselana namalungiselelo ecandelo 101 loMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala. Umanejala weSixeko unelungelo lokuyekisa nayiphi na inkonzo kwipropati, nokuba ngubani na ohlala kuyo, xa kukho ileta ebhaliweyo evela kumnini-propati xa ngaba iakhawunti yeenkonzo isemva. 12. Amanye amatyala Amatyala amathuba athile Inzala iya kuhlawulelwa zonke ii-akhawunti ezingahlawulwanga. Ekufumaneni kwakhona ityala lethuba elithile, uMasipala unelungelo elisemthethweni lokuthatha naliphi inyathelo elifikelelekayo kuquka nokusebenzisa iqela lesithathu labaqokeleli bamatyala. Izithintelo, ukunqunyanyiswa kweenkonzo kunokusetyenziswa okufumana intlawulo engahlawulwanga. Iitshekhi ezikhatyiweyo: Iireyithi neeNkonzo Gabalala Ukuba umtsali wemali kwitshekhi, kwi-debhithi oda, kuhlobo lokuhlawula i-EFT, okanye umthengi ofumana ixabiso kwezo ndidi zokuhlawula, ungumtyali kaMasipala, iimali zokubuyiswa umva nezesigwebo zinokutsalwa kwi-akhawunti yalowo mntu uhlawulayo kwaye ileta yesaziso ithunyelwe kumtyali. Umasipala unelungelo lokuchasa nelokwamkela okanye ukuyekiswa kwezo ntlobo zokuhlawula ngulowo mntu, aze abeke umba lowo kuLuhlu lukaZwelonke lweNgeniso yamaTyala angaLunganga, okanye athathe nawaphi amanqanaba afanelekileyo aqulethwe kulo Mgaqo-Nkqubo, anokuquka ukubekwa ityala loo maphuli-mthetho. (a) Xa ngaba intlawulo ekubhekiswe kuyo kwicandelwana ichaziwe kumkweliti yaye naliphi na inyathelo lolawulo lwetyala liye lamiswa kulandelwa imiqathango yalo mgaqonkqubo, yaye loo ntlawulo khange ifunyanwe, elo nyathelo lolawulo lwetyala liya kuqhubeka engakhange anikwe sazise umntu lowo utyalayo.
akukho nzala iya kuhlawulwa kwintlawulo eyenziwe ngokweli candelo ngaphandle kokuba ifunwa ngomnye umthetho; yaye iii zonke iintlawulo ziya kunikwa abathengisi ababhalisiweyo beeakhawunti zikaMasipala ngokoMthetho kaMasipala woKoleko lwaMatyala eSixeko yaye imali zabo ziya kubuyekezwa.
Amalungiselelo Imiqathango yabaTyali abangaBahlali Iindleko ezingekahlawulwa mazihlawulwe ngokuzeleyo. Kunokufuneka ukuba umkweliti aveze isiqinisekiso somvuzo aze enze isivumelwano sokuhlawulela amatyala angekahlawulwa rhoqo ngenyanga ngokuxhomekeke kumandla akhe okanye ngokuthengiswa kwempahla yakhe ukuba uMasipala unokufuna njalo. Lonke uthetha-thethwano nomkweliti malusebenzele ukufikelela kwisivumelwano esihambiselana neemfuno nogcino lukaMasipala. Inzala iya kuhlawuliswa kumatyala angahlawulwanga. Inzala kunye nentlawulo yamatyala angekahlawulwa ngokubhekiselele kwiinkonzo inokumiswa ngeli thuba umtyali asahambiselana nemiqathango yesivumelwano. UMtyali owaphula umthetho amaxesha amathathu ngokubhekiselele kwizivumelwano ezenziweyo uya kuvalelwa ilungelo lokwenza ezinye izivumelwano kwakhona kwaye ixabiso lilonke liya kufunwa/kuhlawulwa. Inzala iya kubalwa ukusukela kumhla owawumiselwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo zonke iintlawulo. Oku akuquki matyali bezindlu ekubhekiselelwe kubo kumba 8. Onke amalungiselelo makabe phantsi kophononongo lwarhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Zonke iinkonzo zinokuthintelwa okanye zinqunyanyiswe kwaye kunokuthatyathwa nenyathelo lomthetho ngokuchaseneyo nabatyali ekubhekiselelwe kubo kumba kwaye elo tyala linokuthunyelwa kwiqela lesithathu labaqokeleli-matyala, ukuze kufunyanwe iintlawulo. INkqubo yamaLungiselelo yaBakweliti abangaBahlali Kwimeko apho abakweliti abangabahlali befuna ukwenza amalungiselelo okuhlawula onke amatyala abo angekahlawulwa, le nkqubo yokuhlawula ilandelayo, iya kusebenza: (a) ukutsalwa kweakhawunti kwimali esebhankini; kunye (b) nesivumelwano sentlawulo yamatyala angahlawulwanga esisekwe kwimiqathango yalo Mgaqo-Nkqubo kunye nakumba kunye no- onomlinganiselo wentlawulo ohambiselana "neNkqubo yoMyinge weNtlawulo" njengoko uMasipala enokugqiba kumaxesha ngamaxesha. Kwinyanga nganye elandelayo umtyali uya kufuneka ahlawule: (a) i-akhawunti ngemali etsalwa ebhankini; kunye b nezavenge ezigqitywe phantsi komba 9b olapha ngasentla. 11 Xa ethe umtyali waphula isigqibo, iintlawulo ziya kuhamba ngolu hlobo: a ulophulo-sivumelwano lokuqala: imali etsalwa ebhankini; kunye nentlawulo yarhoqo ngenyanga iya konyuswa ngee-50% yaloo ntlawulo njengoko kugqityiwe kumba 9b ngasentla apha; b ulophulo-sivumelwano lwesibini: imali etsalwa ebhankini; kunye nentlawulo yarhoqo ngenyanga ephindwe kabini njengoko kugqityiwe kumba 9b ngasentla apha; c Ulophulo-sivumelwano lokugqibela: imali etsalwa ebhankini kunye namatyala angahlawulwanga ngokuzeleyo. 12 Kuzo zonke iimeko ukungaphenduli nokungathathi manyathelo kwizaziso kunokukhokelela ekuthathweni kwemiqathango yoqokelelo lwamatyala nanjengoko lo Mgaqo-Nkqubo usitsho. IMiqathango yaBatyali abangasingoBahlali boMhlaba 13 Kwimeko apho abatyali abangasingobahlali bomhlaba banqwenela ukwenza amalungiselelo okuphelisa amatyala abo angekahlawulwa, lo mgaqo ulandelayo, uy kusebenza- a abatyali baya kufunwa ukuba bazise uMasipala ngokuzeleyo ngamaxwebhu eengxelo zemali ezihloliweyo zakutshanje kwakunye namanye amaxwebhu okuxhasa afanelekileyo nabonisa imeko yabo ngokwezimali ukuze bakwazi ukuthetha-thethana noMasipala malunga nokwamkela amalungiselelo okuhlawula amkelekileyo; b Lonke uthetha-thethwano nomtyali malusebenzele ukufikelela kwisivumelwano esihambiselana neemfuno nogcino lukaMasipala; c Inzala iya kuhlawuliswa kumatyala angahlawulwanga ngokoluhlu lwamaxabiso aya kugqitywa liBhunga ukusuka kumaxesha ngamaxesha; d inzala kumatyala angahlawulwangwa ngokubhekiselele kwiinkonzo nakwiintlawulo zokuhlala zinokumiswa ngeli thuba umtyali asebenzisana nemiqathango yamalungiselelo, xa ngaba la malungiselelo akazukuzigqitha iinyanga ezi-6 ntandathu; e onke amalungiselelo makabe phantsi kophononongo amathuba ngamathuba; f isigqibo sokugqibela sokwenza amalungiselelo luxanduva loMlawuli weSixeko. UMgaqo wamaLungiselelo aBatyali abangengoBahlali boMhlaba 14 Ukuba abatyali abangasingobahlali bomhlaba banqwenela ukwenza amalungiselelo ethuba elide kuneenyanga ezi-6 ntandathu, inzala iya kuhlawuliswa kwixabiso ngalinye elingekahlawulwa kwaye nalawo malungiselelo/nolo lungiselelo luya kuxhomekeka kuphunyezo ligosa eligunyaziswe phantsi komba osezantsi 13f.
Xa umtyali ethe waphula isivumelwano nakoluphi ulungiselelo, zonke iinkonzo nazo naziphi izivumelwano zinokuthintelwa, zinqunyanyiswe okanye ziyekiswe kwaye inyathelo lomthetho linokuthathwa ize elo tyala ligqithiselwe kwiqela lesithathu. Inzala iya kubalwa ukusukela kumhla owawumiselwe wetyala kuthathelwa ingqalelo nazo naziphi iintlawulo. IMiqathango eThile ngokuBhekiselele kumaLungiselelo Kwimeko apho umtyali ongumhlali okanye ongasingomhlali enze isivumelwano noMasipala ngokubhekiselele kumatyala angahlawulwanga omhlaba, isiqinisekiso esibekiweyo ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwiCandelo118, loMthetho weeNkqubo, asisayi kukhutshwa de libe ixabiso elingekahlawulwa lihlawulwe ngokuzeleyo. Imiqathango equlethwe luxwebhu lwesivumelwano sikaMasipala, luya kunyanzeleka ukuba lube yinxalenye yomgaqo wamalungiselelo oqulethwe kulo Mgaqo-Nkqubo. Ukuba ngaba ityala elikhoyo liphezulu kakhulu kenesiqhelo mhlwumbi ngenxa yoqikelelo okanye imitha emoshakeleyo, kuya kuqwalaselwa iikahwunti zangaphambili xa kusenziwa amalungiselelo okuba umtyali ahlawule malini na. Noxa kukho icandelwana 9(a) apha ngentla, uManejala weSixeko angagqiba kwelokuba iindleko zenzala, zokucinyelwa nezokubuyiselwa kweenkonzo zingafakwa kwintlawulo yokuqala xa kusenziwa amalungiselelo entlawulo yetyala. Bonke abakweliti abenza amalungiselelo entlawulo baya kuthi babonelele ngeenkcukacha zabo zebhanki yaye abo bakwaziyo ukusayina imali etsalwa ngenyanga ebhankini baya kwenza njalo. Umanejala weSixeko udla ngokwenza amalungiselelo nabanini-propati kunye nabanini-ziakhawunti kodwa xa efumene ingxelo efungelweyo yalo mntu ohlala kulo ndlu ethi umnini-ndlu lowo akanamkhondo okanye akakwazi kufumaneka ngoqhagamshelwano okanye loo mnini-ndlu akaziwa nokuba wayaphi na, yaye- (a) abo bantu bakulo ndlu banelungelo lokuhlala kuloo propati bachaze nesithuba sexesha abalihleliyo kuloo propati; (b) banike idilesi yokugqibela eyaziwayo yaloo mnini-ndlu; (c) bahlawule irenti ekufuneka ihlawule ukuze bakwazi ukuhlala apho; (d) ukuba loo mntu ungxungxe apho uya kuthi amazise umnini-ndlu xa nje enokuthi ambone ngemeko ekukuyo ngoku namalungiselelo enziweyo yaye loo mntu uyavuma ukufumana imvume yomnini-ndlu ukuba axhase inkqubo echazwe kulo mhlathana- angangena kwisivumelwano naloo mntu uhlala kuloo ndlu ngokwemiqathango yalo mgaqonkqubo, ukuba ahlawule amatyala angekahlawulwa aloo propati.
Amanyathelo aya kuthathwa nguManejala weSixeko (e) uya kugunyazisa ukuba kwenziwe amalungiselelo nomntu ohlala kuloo ndlu malunga; (i) nokufakelwa kwemitha yombane ohlawulelwa kwangaphambili okanye isixhobo esilawula ukuhamba kwamanzi okanye zombini; (ii) nokuthunyelwa kweleta kwidilesi yokugqibela eyaziwayo yomnini-ndlu ngokweerekhodi zeBhunga nedilesi enikwe kwicandelo 21 (b), eya kuchazela umninindlu ngoxanduva kwakhe lokuhlawula amatyala akhe awatyala kuloo ndlu nangamalungiselelo anokwenziwa okufakela kwemitha yombane ohlawulelwa kwangaphambili okanye isixhobo esilawula ukuhamba kwamanzi, kunikwa nomnini-ndlu lowo iintsuku ezilishumi elinesine zokuba achase olo fakelo kunye naloo malungiselelo. (f) ukuba ngaba umnini akaphendulanga kwisaziso esikumba (e) (ii) uManejala weSixeko angaqhubeka nokufaka ezo zixhobo yaye uya kumisela naloo malungiselelo achaziweyo. 14. Imimandla yeeReyithi eziZodwa (ebandakanya iZithili zoPhuculo lweSixeko) Nayiphi ireyithi okanye umrhumo owongezelelweyo uya kugqitywa kulandelwa imiqathango yeCandelo 22 loMthetho weeReyithi zePropati zikaMasipala uMthetho 6 ka-2004 noMthetho webandakanya iZithili zoPhuculo lweSixeko 6118 ka-2004. Irhafu iya kongezwa kwi-akhawunti yenyanga nenyanga kamasipala kwaye kufuneka ihlawulwe ngomhla omiselweyo ukuphepha ukuhlawula inzala. Intlawulo yerhafu iya kuba phantsi kwemiqathango yolawulo lwamatyala nanjengoko kucacisiwe kulo Mgaqo-Nkqubo. Inzala iya kuhlawuliswa kuzo zonke ii-akhawunti ezigqithwe lixesha lokuhlawulwa..
Inzala ingahlawuliswa kuzo zonke ii-akhawunti ngoqingqo-maxabiso lwenzala olugqitywe nguMasipala kumaxesha ngamaxesha. 2 Iintlawulo zenzala ziya kubekwa bucala ngokubhekiselele kumalungiselelo etyala enziwe ngokutsha athe athotyelwa. 3 Amalungiselelo okwenza inkqubo entsha yetyala afuna ukuba kuqale kuhlawulwe iintlawulo zenyanga nenyanga ezikhoyo kwenziwe nesivumelwano senyanga nenyanga sexabiso setyala elingahlawulwanga. 4 Ukuba isivumelwano asithotyelwanga, inkqubo yokuqokelela amatyala okanye inyathelo lomthetho liya kuqhubeleka apho laliyekwe khona kwaye lingaqali ekuqaleni kwenkqubo yolawulo lwamatyala. 5 OoCeba beWadi baya kuthunyelelwa izazisi ngokufanelekileyo njengabatyali abaphule umthetho kuze kulandele incwadi/ileta yonyanzeliso kwakunye nexesha apho kuya kuwiswa isigwebo kumhlali lowo. 6 Utyelelo kumakhaya luya kwenziwa ngamagosa okanye abameli bakaMasipala belandela ukukhutshwa kweleta yesinyanzeliso kumtyali baze kwakhona batyelele emva kokunikezelwa ngomsila wengwe. Emva kwamalinge amabini abhaliweyo otyelelo ngamagosa ezindlu okanye ngabameli, utyelelo lwamakhaya luya kuma lugqityiwe. Igosa okanye ummeli otyeleleyo uya kwenza onke amalinge okukhuthaza umtyali owaphule umthetho ukuba ahlawule ityala lakhe elikhoyo aze angene nakumalungiselelo okuhlawula intlawulo engahlawulwanga. Kwimeko apho umnini mzi ingasinguye umthengi wendlu oyihlalayo akuyomfanelo kaMasipala ukwenza utyelelo kwelo khaya. 7 UMlawuli weSixeko unokufuna ngokutsha ezi ndleko zilandelayo kwiimeko apho ezi ndleko zenziwe ngegama likaMasipala, a indleko kunye nemali zolawulo zihlawulwe kuMasipala ngezixhobo zothetha-thethwano, yaza ibhanki ayazithobela xa zidluliselwa kuyo ukuze zihlawulwe; b indleko kunye nemali zolawulo, kuquka iindleko zamagqwetha nezabaxhasi, kwakunye nezimali zokufuna kwakhona amatyala; c nayiphi na ikomishoni yokuqokelela.
Ukulandela inkonzo yemisila yengwe 1 X intlawulo yendlu yarhoqo ngenyanga iyonke Apho isigwebo siwisiweyo ... 2 X intlawulo yendlu yarhoqo ngenyanga iyonke Usuku olunye lokukhutshwa...3X intlawulo yendlu yarhoqo ngenyanga iyonke Kwimeko nganye intlawulo efunekayo iya kulungiselelwa kubuncinane bexabiso elingekahlawulwa okanye ngokwexabiso elibaliweyo ngasentla apha. Ukuba umtyali waphula isigqibo esasenziwe ngomhla wokukhutshwa, isiqinisekiso sokukhutsha siya kukhutshwa kwakhona kwaye inkqubo yokukhutshwa ebiqhubeka inokumiswa kuphela ukuba i-12 x intlawulo yendlu yarhoqo ngenyanga iyonke kunye neendleko zomthetho zihlawulwe. Imiba 11, 12, 13 efunwanywa kwisahluko 2 ayibhekiselelanga kwimiba yezindlu ephantsi kwes sahluko. 16. Inkqubo yokuQokelela: IiNkqubo zokuRenta Ukuqesha umhlaba kuhlawulelwa ngaphambi komhla omiselweyo. Ukuba intlawulo ayifumanekanga, ileta yokuqala yonxibelelwano ecela ukuhlawulelwa komhlaba oqeshiweyo nekwanika umtyali ithuba lokwenza amalungiselelo zingadlunga iintsuku ezingama-30 (shumi amathathu), ukusuka kumhla weleta, iya thunyelwa kumtyali owaphule isivumelwano. Ukuba akukho mpendulo kwileta yokuqala yonxibelelwano, ileta yonyanzeliso iya kuthunyelwa, evumela umaphuli-sigqibo iintsuku ezingama-30 (mashumi amathathu), ukusuka kumhla weleta, ukuze anikwe ithuba lokwenza amalungiselelo. Ukuba umtyali uyohluleka ukuphendula le leta, kwiintsuku ezingama-30 (shumi amathathu), umtyali uya kuthi kwiintsuku ezizayo ezingama-30 (mashumi amathathu) atyelelwe emzini wakhe. Ukungathobeli nasemva kotyelelo kwakhe, kuya kukhokelela ekuqhutyweni kwemiqathango yoMthetho. Inkqubo yokuqokelela yomthetho iya kuqala ngokuhambisa ileta enyanzelisa intlawulo lingaphela ithuba eliqikelelweyo. Ukuba umtyali akaphendulanga ngexesha alinikiweyo, umsila wengwe uya kukhutshwa (ulandelwe lutyelelo lwekhaya, ukuba akukho mpendulo ephendula umsila wengwe, kulandelwe isigwebo sokwaphula isivumelwano/mthetho ze ekugqibeleni umntu akhutshwe).
Umntu ophenduleyo kwiisamani akayi kutyelelwa ngabomthetho, yaye akayi kubanjiswa engasayi kukhutshwa nasendlwini. 17. Inkqubo yokuqokelela: Imigaqo-yobunini bomzi 1 Izavenge nezinye iintlawulo zendlu zihlawulwa ngomhla omiselweyo. 2 Ukuba intlawulo ayifumanekanga Ukuba intlawulo ayifumanekanga, ileta yokuqala yonxibelelwano ecela ukuhlawulwa nekwanika umtyali ithuba lokwenza amalungiselelo zingadlunga iintsuku ezingama-30 shumi amathathu, ukusuka kumhla weleta, iya thunyelwa kumtyali owaphule isivumelwano. 3 Ukuba akukho mpendulo kwileta yokuqala yonxibelelwano, ileta yonyanzeliso iya thunyelwa, evumela umaphuli-sigqibo iintsuku ezingama-30 mashumi amathathu, ukusuka kumhla weleta, ukuze anikwe ithuba lokwenza amalungiselelo angamanye. 4 Ukuba umtyali uyohluleka ukuphendula le leta, kwiintsuku ezingama-30 shumi amathathu, umtyali uya kuthi kwiintsuku ezizayo ezingama-30 mashumi amathathu atyelelwe emzini wakhe.
Ukungathobeli nasemva kotyelelo kwakhe, kuya kukhokelela ekuqhutyweni kwemiqathango yoMthetho.
Inkqubo yokuqokelela yomthetho iya kuqala ngokuhambisa ileta enyanzelisa intlawulo lingaphela ithuba eliqikelelweyo.
Ukuba umtyali akaphendulanga ngexesha alinikiweyo, umsila wengwe uya kukhutshwa, ulandelwe lutyelelo lwekhaya, ukuba akukho mpendulo ephendula umsila wengwe, kulandelwe isigwebo sokwaphula isivumelwano/mthetho ze ekugqibeleni, ukukhutshwa kulandele.
Ukuba ixabiso elityalwayo alihlawulwanga ngomhla wokukhutshwa, ukuthinjwa komhlaba kuya kwenziwa ize umhlaba nezakhiwo ezingasuswayo zithengiswe.
Amalungiselelo esivumelwano kwityala elingahlawulwanga aya kugqitywa nguMasipala ukusuka kumaxesha ngamaxesha. 19 Ukuncitshiswa kobuhlwempu (Iinkqubo zokuqesha umhlaba kunye nobunini bomzi) ziya kugqitywa nguMasipala ukusuka kwixesha nexesha.
Kulo mba ngaphandle kokuba akuhanjiselwananga nemeko ekubhekiswe kuyo: "UMthetho" uthetha uMthetho Nombolo 109 ka 1985 weBhunga weeNkonzo zeNgingqi oquka nawo nawuphi na umgaqo owenziwe phantsi kwalo Mthetho kunye nasiphi na isaziso esipapashwe phantsi koMthetho woMphathiswa weziMali kwiphephandaba likarhulumente I-gazette; "umhla omiselweyo" uthetha usuku lwamashumi amabini enyangeni yekhalenda emva kwenyanga apho irhafu yeenkonzo zengingqi okanye irhafu esekiweyo yengingqi kufikelela ixesha lokuba ifuneke phantsi kwalo Mthetho. "Umhlawuli werhafu" uthetha nawuphi umntu ekufanele ukuba ahlawule irhafu yeenkonzo zengingqi okanye irhafu esekiweyo yengingqi. "I-SARS" ithetha iiNkonzo zeNgeniso zaseMzantsi Afrika. 21. Ukuqokelelwa nolawulo lwengeniso yamatyala uMasipala uya kurhafisa kwaye abange kuye nawuphi umhlawuli werhafu irhafu yeenkonzo zengigqi kunye nerhafu esekiweyo yengingqi, ngokwemeko ngelo xesha, nangokuhambiselana noMthetho. Inzala iya kuhlawuliswa kuzo zonke ii-akhawunti ezigqithelwe lixesha ngokwentlawulo yokuhlala egqitywe nguMthetho kumaxesha ngamaxesha ngeenjongo zalo mhlathi (b) wenkcazo ,,intlawulo zokuhlala ezibekiweyo. phantsi kweCandelo 1, loMthetho weRhafu yeNgeniso, uNombolo. 58 ka 1962. Iintlawulo ziya kwabiwa ngokwesithuba sophononongo ngokwale ndlela ilandelayo: (a) iindleko zoMthetho ezenziweyo; (b) izigwebo; (c) Inzala erhafiweyo/Inzala yerhafu engenileyo; (d) iirhafu ezisekiweyo; kunye (e) Neerhafu zeenkonzo.
b ukuba isithuaba sophononongo siye sahlala singathathelwa ngqalelo kwiintsuku ezingama-30 amashumi amathathu emva komhla omiselweyo weSaziso, la manyathelo alandelayo anokuthatyathelwa kumhlawuli werhafu owaphule umthetho; c uMlawuli weSixeko unokusebenzisa iqela lesithathu third party ukuqokelela ityala elingahlawulwanga; kwaye e uMlawuli weSixeko saseKapa unokucela iiNkonzo zerhafu yeNgeniso zaseMzantsi Afrika ukubazenze uphononongo; kwaye e imisila yengwe inokukhutshwa ukuze kulandele amanyathelo omthetho; kwaye f izimangalo zolwaphulo-mthetho zinokufakwa kwabo bahlawuli berhafu abangazingenisanga iziqinisekiso zentlawulo zabo.
ISAHLUKO 5: UKUBONELELWA KWABAHLUPHEKAYO ABASEMAKHAYA 22. Isakhiwo soluhlu lwamaxabiso Isakhiwo soluhlu lwamaxabiso seentlawulo zokuhlala neenkonzo zisekwe ngohlobo lokuba zenze abathengi abaneemfuno ezifanelekileyo nanjengoko kuchaziwe kuluhlu lwamaxabiso bafumane iinkonzo ezingundoqo nemihlaba yasimahla, ophantsi ngokwexabiso elibekiweyo, kwaye ezikuluhlu lwamaxabiso okuhlala asimahla. 23. Usetyenziso olugqithisileyo Naye nawuphi umthengi osebenzisa ngokugqithisileyo iinkonzo zasimahla ezabelweyo, uya kuzihlawulela ezo nkonzo phantsi koluhlu lwamaxabiso kwaye uyakuthathwa njengophantsi kwemiqathango yolawulo lomgangatho wamatyala ukuba eli xabiso alihlawulwanga ngokuhambiselana nalo Mgaqo-Nkqubo. 24. Amatyala asemva Bonke abatyali-mali abafanele isaphulelo nababhaliswe njengabahluphekayo, (a) abangenakuqesheka nabafumana igranti yokhubazeko okanye umhlalaphantsi wokhubazeko; okanye (b) abaneminyaka eyi-60 nangaphezulu; okanye (c) abafumana isaphulelo kuba ingamakhaya aphethwe ngabantwana; aya kucinywa amatyala abo ngexesha bengabanini-propati ze emva koko babe phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 23 elilapha ngentla. Noxa kukho amacandelo 23 no-24 apha ngentla, yaye nokuba abasebenzisi-nkonzo bayayifumana iakhawunti yeereyithi neyeenkonzo, abasebenzisi-nkonzo abanamatyala asemva kufuneka benze amalungiselelo noMasipala endlela abaza kuhlawula ngayo loo matyala ngokwemithetho-siseko nemiqathango equlathwe kulo Mgaqonkqubo. 25.
i abe ngumnini mhlaba obhalisiweyo wepropati; okanye ii uhlala kwindlu enentloko yekhaya engumntwana ebhaliswe egameni lomzali obhubhileyo okanye abazali ababhubhileyo; okanye c Ingeniso yomzi iyonke mayingadluli kabini umrholo womhlala-phantsi kaRhulumente onesaphulelo se-00% ngokoMgaqonkqubo weeReyithi; yaye d umfaki-sicelo akanakho ukuba ngumnini obhalisiweyo wemihlaba engaphezulu kwesinye; kwaye e abe uhlala isigxina kuloo propati; yaye f noxa kukho le miqathango ingentla, abantu abahlala kwizindlu ezinexabiso likaMasipala eliyi-R88 000.00, nangaphantsi, okanye eligqitywe liBhunga kumaxesha ngamaxesha, baya kubonwa njengabayithobeleyo nkqubo ngokwecandelwana a ukuya ku-e apha ngentla yaye ezo zindlu ziya kuthathwa njengezibhalisiweyo. IBhunga linokugqiba ukuba inkqubo yobhaliso yileyo ichazwe kumacandelwana a ukuya ku-f okanye leyo igqitywe kumaxesha ngamaxesha. 26. Ukubonelelwa kwaBahluphekayo: Iireyithi zepropati 1 Zonke iipropati eziphuculweyo ezinexabiso likamasipala eliyi-R88 000,00 nangaphantsi, azisayi kuhlawulelwa iireyithi zepropati. Ezi propati ke ngoko zifanelekile ukuba zifumane isaphulelo seereyithi esiyi-100%. 2 Yonke imihlaba enoqikelelo lwamaxabiso lukamasipala oluvunyiweyo olungama R199 000,00 nangaphantsi, kuquka naleyo mihlaba kubhekiselelwe kuyo kumba 22, iya kufumana inkxaso-mali yobuhlwempu, engekho ngaphezulu kwe-R30,00 yokuhlawulela iintlawulo zokuhlala kunye neenkonzo zepropati, ngaphandle kombane. Imihlaba exabisa ukusuka kuma-R88 000,01 ukuya kwi-R199 000, iya kufumana isaphulelo-mali sentlawulo zokuhlala zendawo yokuhlala njengoko kugqitywe liBhunga kuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lonyaka. Abahlali abaphantsi kwenkqubo echazwe kumba 25 abanepropati eziphuculiweyo ezinexabiso elingaphezulu kwe-R199 000,00 nabo baya kufumana igranti yabahluphekayo engekho ngaphezulu kwe-R30,00 yokuhlawulela iintlawulo zokuhlala kunye neenkonzo zepropati, ngaphandle kombane. 3 Le R30,00 kubhekiswe kuyo kwicandelwana 2 apha ngentla, ayinakwenziwa iimali ezinkonzo ukuze isetyenziswe kwezinye iiakhawunti yaye ayinakubuyiselwa ngokweenkqubo zobuyiselo-mali zikaMasipala.
Bonke abanini-propati abakulungeleyo ukufumana isaphulelo ngokwecandelo 25, baya kufumana izaphulelo ezigqitywe liBhunga zabantu abadala kunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo, ezihambelana nomvuzo opheleleyo wabantu abangabanini-ndlu.
Kulandelwa icandelo 25d, zonke iipropati eziphuculweyo ezinexabiso likamasipala eliyi-R88 000,00 nangaphantsi ziya kuthathwa njengezifanele isaphulelo sobuhlwempu, ngaphandle kokuba kuvele obunye ubungqina.
Zonke izixamali ezikhankanywe kumacandelwana 1 ukuya ku-5 ziya kugqitywa liBhunga kumaxesha ngamaxesha. 27. Ukubonelelwa kwaBahluphekayo: Amanzi 1 Abathengi abangabahlali banokufumana usetyenziso llokuqala olungama-6kl, olusekwe ngokoluhlu lwamaxabiso asuka kuziro 0, ngokugqitywa liBhunga kumaxesha ngamaxesha. Ngaphezu koko, abathengi abangabahlali ababonwe befanelekile ngokwecandelwana 262, baya kufumana igranti yabantu abahluphekayo. 2 UMlawuli weSixeko unokunika igunya lokufakelwa kwezicuthi-manzi kwimihlaba eneemfuno ezihambiselana noncedo lwabahluphekayo ukuze kuncitshiswe usetyenziso lube kumgangatho ofikelelekayo. 3 Olu ncitshiso lunokucelwa ngumthengi okanye lunyanzeliswe nguMasipala kwimeko apho usetyenziso lungagcinwanga kwimigangatho efikelelekayo. 28. Ukubonelelwa kwaBahluphekayo: Umbane 1 Abasebenzisi-nkonzo abangaBahlali boMhlaba abasebenzisa ngaphantsi kwama-400kWh ngenyanga baya kufumana ama-50kWh okuqala, nto leyo eya kwenza ukuba umbane abawufumanayo uwonke ube yi-450 kWh ngenyanga, osekwe kuluhlu lwamaxabiso asuka kuziro 0, okanye njengoko kugqitywe liBhunga kumaxesha ngamaxesha. Ukuba umbane othengiweyo ungaphezulu kwe-400 kWh ngenyanga, la mbane wamahala abayi kuphinda bawufumane kuloo ndlu. QAPHELA: Umbane othengiweyo oyi-400 kWh ngenyanga ngumyinge womlinganiselo weenyanga ezilishumi elinambini ukuya kutsho kuJuni wonyaka-mali opheleleyo. 2 UMlawuli weSixeko unokunika igunya lokufakelwa kwezixhobo zombane ohlawulelwa kwangaphambili kwimihlaba eneemfuno ezihambiselana noncedo lwabahluphekayo ukuze umtyali angasebenzisi umbane ngaphezu kwamandla anawo okuziphilisa. Zonke izixhobo zombane ohlawulwa kwangaphambili zifakelwa ngeendleko zomnini-ndlu yaye ezo ndleko zinokutsalwa xa umntu ethenga umbane. 29 Ukubonelelwa kwaBahluphekayo: Inkunkuma engengomanzi 1 Bonke abatyali abangabahlali bemihlaba, abamihlaba yabo ingaphantsi koqikelelo-maxabiso lukamasipala, baya kufumana isaphulelo semali ngokubhekiselele kususo lwenkukuma nogutyulo lwelindle, ngokugqitywa liBhunga amaxesha ngamaxesha.
Bonke abahlali abahlala kwindawo ezingekho mthethweni baya kufumana inkonzo yosuso lwenkukuma simahla. 30. Amanyathelo olawulo lwamatyala 1 Ngokuxhomekeka kumba 3 kunye no 4 akukho kunqunyanyiswa okanye nyathelo lamthetho liya kuthatyathwa ngokuchaseneyo nomtyali, obhalise waza wamkelwa njengehlwempu kwisithuba seenyanga ezilishumi elinambini. 2 Isimo sabatyali abahlelwa njengamahlwempu masiphononongwe rhoqo ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuba umtyali uza kuqhubeka na ukuhlelwa phantsi kwamahlwempu kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ezizayo. 3 Kuyimfuneko yalo Mgaqo-Nkqubo ukuba xa iimeko zomtyali zithe zaphucuka kangangokuba angabisahlelwa phantsi koluhlu lwamahlwempu, lowo mntu makazise uMasipala ngokukhawuleza ngolo tshintsho ukuze igama lalowo mntu lisuswe kwirejista yamahlwempu. 4 Ukuba kufumaniseke ukuba umtyali akasahlelwa njengehlwempu, kodwa uMasipala akaziswanga, ngoko lo mtyali uya kususwa/kucinywa kwirejista njengehlwempu, aze onke amanyathelo okususwa/kunqunyanyiswa anyuswe, ukusukela kwisithuba apho iimeko/ isimo somtyali siye safunyaniswa siphucukile, nanjengoko kubhekiselwe kumba 1 ngasentla apha, kwaye inzala iya kuhlawulelwa nawaphi amaxabiso angahlawulwanga. 31. Ukungathethi nyani Abatyali abafumaniseke bengathethanga nyani malunga neemfuno ezilindelekileyo ukuze baxhamle kwisibonelelo sabahluphekayo sikaMasipala baya kuba bophule umthetho kwaye imiqathango yokulwa oko iya kuthatyathwa ngokwesigqibo sikaMasipala kumaxesha ngamaxesha, kwaye konke okuxhanyulwe ngethuba lokuzuza uncedo olunikwa abahluphekayo, luya kuxuthwa.
Imithetho-siseko gabalala Inzala isenokutsalwa kuwo onke amatyala asemva ngentlawulo ngomyinge wenzala oya kugqitywa liBhunga amaxesha ngamaxesha. Ukuba ngaba kukho amalungiselelo enziweyo okuhlawula ityala, inzala ebiza kutsalwa iya kuyekwa. Amalungiselelo okuba ityala liza kuhlawulwa njani anyanzelisa ukuba inzala yetyala elikhoyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwakunye nesixamali ekuya kugqitywa ngaso ukuba siya kuhlawulwa inyanga nenyanga. Ukuba amalungiselelo okuhlawulwa kwetyala akathotyelwanga, kuya kuqala inkqubo yokuqokelelwa kwesikweliti okanye amanyathelo omthetho ukususela kwixa eyayimiswe ngalo inkqubo yetyala yaye ayiyi kuqala ekuqaleni kwenkqubo yolawulo lwetyala. Umanejala weSixeko unokutsala imbuyekezo kumkweliti yezi ndleko zilandelayo kwiimeko apho iindleko ziye zahlawulwa nguMasipala okanye egameni likaMasipala, (a) iindleko kunye nezo zolawulo apho iintlawulo ezenziwe kuMasipala ngokwezivumelwano ziye zakhatywa ziibhanki xa bezingeniselwe ukuba zihlawulwe; (b) iindleko zomthetho nezolawulo, ezibandakanya ezamagqwetha nezomsebenzisi-nkonzo, kunye nezokumkhangela xa bekufuneka kuhlawulwe ityala; (c) nayiphi na ikhomishini ehlawulelwe uqokelelo. 33. Inkqubo yoKoleko lweRenti yePropati Irenti ihlawulwa kwangaphambili komhla obekiweyo. Inkqubo yoLawulo lwetyala lePropati iqala xa lo mntu urentayo engahlawuli irenti yakhe, nto leyo ikukwaphulwa kwezigqibo zerenti. Isebe loLawulo lweePropati lingaqhagamshelana nomkweliti wemali yerenti ngefowuni okanye limbhalele limchazela ngokuba kufuneka ehlawule imali engekahlawulwa kwiakhawunti yerenti yepropati akuyo. Ukuba ngaba loo mntu akaphendulanga kolu nxibelelwano, oko kuya kukhokelela kunyino lweenkonzo (apho oko kunokwenzeka)/kucimo lweenkonzo (kumashishini) zamanzi/umbane waloo propati.
amashumi amathathu ukusukela kumhla wokunikwa kwakhe "ileta yokuqala yonxibelelwano". 6 Ukuba ngaba umkweliti akaphendulanga "ileta yokuqala yonxibelelwano" ngentsuku ezibekiweyo ezingama-30 amashumi amathathu, oko kuya kukhokelela ekubeni kuthathwe amanyathelo asemthethweni neenkqubo ezihambelana noko ngokuthi athunyelwe "ileta yomthetho" emnyanzelisa ukuba ahlawule ngexesha aya kuthi alinikwe. 7 Ukuba ngaba umkweliti wepropati akaphenduli akenzi ntlawulo ngokupheleyo yerenti kwabo bangoosomashishini okanye akenzi malungiselelo okuchaza ukuba uza kuhlawula njani na kwabo barenta izindlu emva kokufumana "ileta yomthetho" zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 amashumi amathathu, loo mkweliti uya kuthunyelelwa iisamani. 8 Ukuba ngaba umkweliti wepropati akaphenduli akenzi ntlawulo ngokupheleyo yerenti kwabo bangoosomashishini okanye akenzi malungiselelo okuchaza ukuba uza kuhlawula njani na kwabo barenta izindlu emva kokufumana iisamani zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 amashumi amathathu, iSixeko siya kukhupha umyalelo wesigwebo onokukhokelela ekubeni loo mntu akhutshwe kuloo ndlu. 9 Ukuba ngaba umkweliti akaphenduli phambi komhla wokuya enkundleni xa engenzi ntlawulo ngokupheleyo yerenti kwabo bangoosomashishini okanye akenzi malungiselelo okuchaza ukuba uza kuhlawula njani na kwabo barenta izindlu, uya kuthi akhutshwe kuloo ndlu. 10 Ukuba ngaba umkweliti wenze amalungiselelo ngomhla wokukhutshwa kwakhe kwindlu abeyirenta ze ngathobeli imiqathango yesivumelwano, umkweliti kuya kufuneka ahlawule umtyalwa okanye umasipala lowo lonke ityala lakhe alikwelitayo kunye nerenti yeenyanga ezili-12 kwabo barenta izindlu zokuhlala ukanti kwabo barentela amashishini kufuneka bahlawule lonke ityala labo ukuze banqande iSixeko ukuba singabakhupheli ngaphandle.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Professionaldriverspermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
izithuthi zempahla, oomasilenge neebhasi izithuthi ezinobunzima obungaphezulu kwamawaka amathathu namakhulu amahlanu futhi zenzelwe ukuthwala abantu abalishumi elinambini nangaphezulu kuquka nomqhubi.
Izithuthi ezithwala izinto ezinobungozi - kufuneka ubeneminyaka engamashumi amabini nantlanu.
unephepha-mvume elisemthethweni lohlobo lwemoto oyenzela isicelo ugqirha wenze isiqinisekiso sokuba ukulungele oku ngokwasempilweni uqinisekisiwe yindawo yoqeqesho evumelekileyo awukagwetyelwa ukuqhuba ngaphantsi kwempembelelo zotywala, ukuqhuba ngokungahoyi nangokungenankathalo okannye ityala lenkohlakalo alikaze limiswe ukusebenza iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba.
Umntu osebenzisa omoto okanye umnini moto efunelwa imvume yokuqhutywa ngobuchule, akanakuvumela omnye umntu ayiqhube lemoto endleleni kawonke-wonke, ngaphandle kokuba unemvume yoku yinjingalwazi ekuqhubeni olu hlobo lwemoto.
incwadi yesazisi, ikhadi lephepha-mvume lokuqhuba, incwadi yokundwendwela esemthethweni yase Mzantsi Afrika iifoto ezimbini zesazisi ezimnyama namhlophe iphepha-mvume elisemthethweni isatifiketi soqeqesho isatifiketi sakwagqirha enye imvume yobunjingalwazi ekuqhubeni okanye imvume yokuqhuba endleleni kawonke-wonke oyiphetheyo.
Bhatala imali efunekayo.
Emva kokuba ubhatele uzakuthunyelwa esikhululweni samapolisa esikufuphi nawe, uye kucela ingxelo yokugwetywa.
Imvume iba sele ilungile kungekapheli iiveki ezisibhozo ukuya kwezilishumi-nambini.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.14968.101464.101464.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ndixelele banzi ngeli phulo.
Ingaba ndiza kulifumana liziinkozo eli waka leerandi?
Ingaba avalwa nini amangenelo kweli phulo?
Ingaba ndingaqwafaka agqithileyo kwisinye Ukuba ndinemibono engaphezu kwesinye yoshishino?
Ingaba ndingangenela ukuba sele ndinalo kakade ishishini?
Ingaba kuya kufuneka ndiyibuyise le mali?
Ingaba abantu abagqithileyo kwisinye bosapho olunye bangawafaka amangenelo abo kweli phulo?
Ingaba sinhgayihlanganisa le mali/Singangenela kunye?
Ukuba ishishini lithi libhange?
Ingaba kungakho nabani na onokusinceda?
Andivisisani nomcebisi wam, ndingenza ntoni?
Malunga neli phuloUrhulumente wephondo leNtshona Koloni uya kube enikezela kumntu ngamnye kwiwaka labantuabangaphangeliyo , iwaka leerandi ukuze baqalise amashishini angawabo. Ekufuneka ukwenzile nje wena kukuza nombono OPHILILEYO woshishino. Ukuba siwuthandile loo mbono, siya kukunika iwaka leerandi kwakunye neengcebiso EZISIMAHLA zengcali yezoshishino.
Namphi na ummi woMzantsi Afrika ongaphezu kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala, ohlala eNtshona Koloni agangenela.
Khawufumane imithetho kwakunye nentengiso apha.
Emva koko, kuya kuthi kuqhagamshelwane nabo bonke abo bafake izicelo ukuqinisekisa iinkcukacha zabo.
Ekupheleni kwenyanga yeSilimela, kuya kukhutshwa kuvakaliswe iwaka lamagama.
Aba bafaki-zicelo baya kuncediswa ekuqulunqeni imibono yoshishino ngokwendlela abawaboba ngayo amashishini abo ngokuthi bancedwe ngumcebisi.
Baya kuba nenyanga ukuqoshelisa oku.
Eli waka leerandi liya kuthi ke linikezelwe.
Kwisithuba sexesha eliziinyanga ezintathu emva koko, eli shishini liya kuncediswa ze kubekwe iliso kulo ngumcebisi ekunyanzelekileyo ukuba abe kulo.
Uhlolo lokugqibela luya kwenziwa ze abaphumeleleyo baziswe ngenyanga kaCanzibe ku-2006.
Abaphumeleleyo baya kufumana emnye ukuya kuma kwisihlanu samawaka eerandi ngeenjongo zokwandisa amashishini abo.
Eli linyathelo leSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho.
Ingaba ndiza kulifumana eli waka leerandi liziinkozo?
Ingaba avalwa nini amangenelo kweli phulo?
Ingaba ndingawafaka amangenelo angaphaya kwesinye Ukuba ndinemibono yoshishino engaphaya kwesinye Hayi, kuya kufuneka ukhethe owona mbono ungakuphumelelisa kweli phulo?
Hayi eli phulo lijoliswe kubantu abangaphangeliyo kuphela. Lenzelwe abantu abangenangeniso konke-konke.
Ingaba kuya kufuneka ndiyibuyise le mali?
Ewe, noxa kunjalo, amashishini angaphumeleliyo, awayi kohlwaywa kodwa ke kuya kufuneka aphendule ukuba ayitheni na imali. Apho kufunyaniswa uukba imali yasetyenziswa ngendlela engenankathalo, okanye yasetyenziselwa omnye umbno woshishino ongenguwo lowo ibikhutshelwe wona, umthabathi-nxaxheba kuya kufuneka ayibuyise le mali.
Ingaba amalungu osapho olunye angaphaya kwesinye angangenela kweli phulo?
Ewe, umntu azingenele ngokwakhe futhi ngombono wakhe woshishino.
Ingaba singayihlanganisa imali yethu okanye singenele kunye?
Hayi, kufuneka umbono omye woshishino kumntu ngamnye.
Hayi, bonke abemi bangangenela, kodwa ke kufuneka ube akuphangeli.
Ukuba ishishini lithi lingaphumeleli?
Akuyi kohlwaywa ukuba ishishini lakho lithi lingaphumeleli, kodwa ke, kuya kufuneka uchaze zonke iinkqubo ozilandeleyo kwelo shishini.
Ingaba uya kubakho umntu onokusinceda Ewe, umntu ngamnye uya kunikwa umcebisi EKUNYANZELEKILEYO ukuba abekho?
Andivisisani nomcebisi wam, ndingenza ntoni Izikhalazo/ukungoneliseki kungathunyelwa kumlawuli oyintloko weli phulo oya kuthi yena awushukuxe loo mba ngendlela ewufaneleyo?
Kakade, ngelixa ungekaphangeli okanye ungengomfundi ngexesha lesi sicelo, ungasifaka isicelo sakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.14970.82940.82940.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
kusetyenziswe amavolontiya ahlawulwayo eBambanani ukuze ancede amapolisa emizila kaloliwe.
Ukhuseleko koololiwe luye lwangumba odla umzi kakhulu ixesha elide, ze kwafikelelwa esigqibeni ngenyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2004 ukuzama ukuphinda kuziswe amapolisa emizila kaloliwe koololiwe kwilizwe lonke, kuqalwe ngesixeko saseKapa. Amapolisa amatsha emizila kaloliwe, aya kuba ngaphantsi kweNkonzo Yamapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika, futhi kufuneka kuqala afumane uqeqesho phambi kokuba athunyelwe koololiwe. Ngaphezu kwekhulu labantu abadonga uqeqesho baqalise ngoqeqesho lwabo kwiKholeji Yoqeqesho yasePhillipi kwakweli thuba leentsuku zokuqala ezilikhulu.
IPhulo leBambanani Lokhuseleko Koololiwe elisebenzayo ngoku, elibandakanya amavolontiya ajongene nokhuseleko koololiwe, likhokelele ekuhleni kweentshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho koololiwe ngexa bekusenziwa inkqubo yovavanyo ngexesha leNkqubo Yokhuseleko Ngexesha Leeholide Zehlobo eqale ngenyanga yoMnga ngo-2003 ukuza kuma ngenyanga yoMqungu kulo nyaka. La mavolontiya aza kuqhubekeka esebenza, ehlawulwa de amapolisa amatsha oololiwe abe abekwe ngendlela eyiyo.
Njengoko amahlomela-dolophu nezixeko kummandla wenqila yeNtshona Koloni ekhula ngokwengingqi yomhlaba nangokwamanani abantu, kukho isidingo sokongezwa kwezikhululo zamapolisa ukuze kugcinwe uxolo ngelixa loku kukhula.
Ngexesha leli khulu lokuqala leentsuku, izikhululo zamapolisa ezintsha neziphuculiweyo zavulwa ukuze ziqale ukumelana nezi zidingo. IKhayelitsha, omnye weyona mimandla iphambili kulwaphulo-mthetho kule nqila yeKapa, kungoku nje inezikhululo ezintathu ezigqibeleleyo zamapolisa, ezibe ngumvuka wokuvulwa ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesibini apha kwinyanga yeThupha kwesikhululo samapolisa esiphuculiweyo saseHarare, eLingelethu, nakwiMpuma yePhillipi yiNkulumbuso noMphathiswa uRamatlakane. Ngomhla wamashumi amathathu kwinyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004 isikhululo samapolisa saseKleinvlei naso sathi savulwa.
Xa iNkonzo Yophando Yenkonzo Yamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika yayisakhiwa ngokutsha, kwabakho iingcinga zokuba iCandelo Lokhuseleko Lwabantwana liya kususwa ze endaweni yalo kubekwe amacandelo Obundlobongela Elusatsheni, Ukhuseleko Lwabantwana Nokuphathwa Gadalala Ngokwesondo (iiFCS ngamafuphi). La macandelo ebeya kufakwa kwizikhululo zamapolisa kube ke ngoko kusondezwa ubuchwepheshe beli candelo eluntwini.
Ngokuvulwa kwala macandelo matsha aphezulu apha kweli khulu lokuqala leentsuku, kufuneka ngoku kubekho icandelo leFCS elikufutshane nazo zonke izikhululo zamapolisa zaseNtshona Koloni.
Abasebenzi kula macandelo eFCS anobuchwepheshe bokumelana neentshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho lokuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo ezenziwe kubantwana nakubantu ababhinqileyo, njengoko benoqeqesho olubanceda ekuphandeni la matyala ngendlela eyiyo kwangelixa baqwalasela iimfuno zamaxhoba.
neVredendal, esebenza eVredendal, eVredenburg, eClanwiliam, naseKlawer.
Ubukho babathengisi nabathubelezisi beziyobisi ezitalatweni kukhuthaza ukungahlonelwa kwamapolisa nomthetho. Kuye kwakho ithemba ke lokuba abathathu kwaba bathengisi nabathubelezisi beziyobisi baya kubanjwa bavalelwe kweli thuba lekhulu lokuqala leentsuku. Kuye ke kwabanjwa kwavalelwa ngempumelelo ababini kwaba bathengisi nabathubelezisi.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.14970.82940.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
kuqeqeshwe abantu abatsha njengamapolisa emizila kaloliwe kwiKholeji Yoqeqesho yasePhillipi kusetyenziswe amavolontiya ahlawulwayo eBambanani ukuze ancede amapolisa emizila kaloliwe.
Ukhuseleko koololiwe luye lwangumba odla umzi kakhulu ixesha elide, ze kwafikelelwa esigqibeni ngenyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2004 ukuzama ukuphinda kuziswe amapolisa emizila kaloliwe koololiwe kwilizwe lonke, kuqalwe ngesixeko saseKapa. Amapolisa amatsha emizila kaloliwe, aya kuba ngaphantsi kweNkonzo Yamapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika, futhi kufuneka kuqala afumane uqeqesho phambi kokuba athunyelwe koololiwe. Ngaphezu kwekhulu labantu abadonga uqeqesho baqalise ngoqeqesho lwabo kwiKholeji Yoqeqesho yasePhillipi kwakweli thuba leentsuku zokuqala ezilikhulu.
IPhulo leBambanani Lokhuseleko Koololiwe elisebenzayo ngoku, elibandakanya amavolontiya ajongene nokhuseleko koololiwe, likhokelele ekuhleni kweentshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho koololiwe ngexa bekusenziwa inkqubo yovavanyo ngexesha leNkqubo Yokhuseleko Ngexesha Leeholide Zehlobo eqale ngenyanga yoMnga ngo-2003 ukuza kuma ngenyanga yoMqungu kulo nyaka. La mavolontiya aza kuqhubekeka esebenza, ehlawulwa de amapolisa amatsha oololiwe abe abekwe ngendlela eyiyo.
Njengoko amahlomela-dolophu nezixeko kummandla wenqila yeNtshona Koloni ekhula ngokwengingqi yomhlaba nangokwamanani abantu, kukho isidingo sokongezwa kwezikhululo zamapolisa ukuze kugcinwe uxolo ngelixa loku kukhula.
Xa iNkonzo Yophando Yenkonzo Yamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika yayisakhiwa ngokutsha, kwabakho iingcinga zokuba iCandelo Lokhuseleko Lwabantwana liya kususwa ze endaweni yalo kubekwe amacandelo Obundlobongela Elusatsheni, Ukhuseleko Lwabantwana Nokuphathwa Gadalala Ngokwesondo (iiFCS ngamafuphi). La macandelo ebeya kufakwa kwizikhululo zamapolisa kube ke ngoko kusondezwa ubuchwepheshe beli candelo eluntwini.
Ngokuvulwa kwala macandelo matsha aphezulu apha kweli khulu lokuqala leentsuku, kufuneka ngoku kubekho icandelo leFCS elikufutshane nazo zonke izikhululo zamapolisa zaseNtshona Koloni.
Abasebenzi kula macandelo eFCS anobuchwepheshe bokumelana neentshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho lokuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo ezenziwe kubantwana nakubantu ababhinqileyo, njengoko benoqeqesho olubanceda ekuphandeni la matyala ngendlela eyiyo kwangelixa baqwalasela iimfuno zamaxhoba.
Ubukho babathengisi nabathubelezisi beziyobisi ezitalatweni kukhuthaza ukungahlonelwa kwamapolisa nomthetho. Kuye kwakho ithemba ke lokuba abathathu kwaba bathengisi nabathubelezisi beziyobisi baya kubanjwa bavalelwe kweli thuba lekhulu lokuqala leentsuku. Kuye ke kwabanjwa kwavalelwa ngempumelelo ababini kwaba bathengisi nabathubelezisi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.14973.94688.94688.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iBambanani Against Crime lijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iiholide zokuphela konyaka zika2004/2005 zikhuselekile ngokuthi landise ukubonakala nokufikeleleka kwamapolisa kwiindawo ezixakekileyo, kuquka iilwandle, oololiwe kwanamaziko aneevenkile.
Kwiiholide zehlobo lika-2004/2005 amapolisa namanye amaqumrhu ajongene nokunyanzeliswa kokuthotyelwa komthetho ekunye namavolontiya asekuhlaleni kwakunye namalungu amaqoqo ajongene nolwaphulo-mthetho kwiingingqi ezithile aya kube athabatha inxaxheba kwiPhulo Leeholide Ezikhuselekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abemi nabatyeleli bonwabela iKrismesi noNyaka Omtsha omyoli nokhuselekileyo.
Iphulo lonyaka ophelileyo leeholide zokuphela konyaka ezikhuselekileyo zakhokelela kwelona xesha leeholide zokuphela konyaka likhuselekileyo eNtshona Koloni kwishumi leminyaka.
ekuhlaleni - ngokuthi kuthunyelwe amagosa okhuselo kwiingingqi zokuhlala ezinobungozi kakhulu kwanokubeka ixesha lokuvalwa kweendawo ezithengisa nekuselelwa kuzo utywala iilwandle - ngokunyanzeliswa kokuvalwa kokuselwa kotywala kwanokongeza ukhuseleko kwiilwandle nokwenza amalungiselelo eentshukumo zokuzonwabisa oololiwe - ngokongezwa kokhuseleko, kuquka nokukhangelwa kwezikhali nezinye izinto ezinobungozi rhoqo kwakunye nolunye ukhuselo lwabakhweli boololiwe ezindleleni - ngokuthi kujongwane nokuqhutywa kwezithuthi abantu bephantsi kweempembelelo zotywala, ukumiswa kwezithuthi ezindleleni kwakunye neenkundla ezizodwa kwimigaqo u-N1 no-N2.
kumaziko aneevenkile, kwiintshukumo zoluntu nezasekuhlaleni - ngokuthi kwandiswe ukhuseleko.
iBambanani (igama lesiXhosa elithetha ukuthi yimani kunye/manyanani) lenzelwe ukumanya bonke abantu namahlakani ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho. IBambanani le iphuhlisa futhi iphakamise ubudlelwane phakathi kwamapolisa noluntu ekuhlaleni futhi ikwakhuthaza nokuba uluntu luzidle ngendima yalo ekuthintelweni kolwaphulo-mthetho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.14973.94688.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iBambanani Against Crime lijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iiholide zokuphela konyaka zika2004/2005 zikhuselekile ngokuthi landise ukubonakala nokufikeleleka kwamapolisa kwiindawo ezixakekileyo, kuquka iilwandle, oololiwe kwanamaziko aneevenkile.
Kwiiholide zehlobo lika-2004/2005 amapolisa namanye amaqumrhu ajongene nokunyanzeliswa kokuthotyelwa komthetho ekunye namavolontiya asekuhlaleni kwakunye namalungu amaqoqo ajongene nolwaphulo-mthetho kwiingingqi ezithile aya kube athabatha inxaxheba kwiPhulo Leeholide Ezikhuselekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abemi nabatyeleli bonwabela iKrismesi noNyaka Omtsha omyoli nokhuselekileyo.
Iphulo lonyaka ophelileyo leeholide zokuphela konyaka ezikhuselekileyo zakhokelela kwelona xesha leeholide zokuphela konyaka likhuselekileyo eNtshona Koloni kwishumi leminyaka.
ekuhlaleni - ngokuthi kuthunyelwe amagosa okhuselo kwiingingqi zokuhlala ezinobungozi kakhulu kwanokubeka ixesha lokuvalwa kweendawo ezithengisa nekuselelwa kuzo utywala iilwandle - ngokunyanzeliswa kokuvalwa kokuselwa kotywala kwanokongeza ukhuseleko kwiilwandle nokwenza amalungiselelo eentshukumo zokuzonwabisa oololiwe - ngokongezwa kokhuseleko, kuquka nokukhangelwa kwezikhali nezinye izinto ezinobungozi rhoqo kwakunye nolunye ukhuselo lwabakhweli boololiwe ezindleleni - ngokuthi kujongwane nokuqhutywa kwezithuthi abantu bephantsi kweempembelelo zotywala, ukumiswa kwezithuthi ezindleleni kwakunye neenkundla ezizodwa kwimigaqo u-N1 no-N2.
kumaziko aneevenkile, kwiintshukumo zoluntu nezasekuhlaleni - ngokuthi kwandiswe ukhuseleko.
iBambanani (igama lesiXhosa elithetha ukuthi yimani kunye/manyanani) lenzelwe ukumanya bonke abantu namahlakani ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho. IBambanani le iphuhlisa futhi iphakamise ubudlelwane phakathi kwamapolisa noluntu ekuhlaleni futhi ikwakhuthaza nokuba uluntu luzidle ngendima yalo ekuthintelweni kolwaphulo-mthetho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.14995.82971.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2004 bekusekho ishumi elinesibini lezikolo ezisebenza ngaphandle kombane eNtshona Koloni. Kweli khulu lokuqala leentsuku, ezintandathu kwezi zikolo zafakelwa umbane ngokuthi zidityaniswe nebhokisi yamandla ombane esembindini, njengoko yathembisa iNkulumbuso, ze ezinye ezintathu zafakelwa nazo kwenye ibhokisi yamandla ombane, efana nenjini yediesel, okanye amandla ombane welanga.
Ukufakelwa kombane kukhangeleka kunganefuthe elikhulu kakhulu kubafundi. Le nkqubo yokufakelwa kombane iya kuqhubekeka kwezi zikolo zintandathu ziseleyo.
Usasazo ngesiXhosa luthetha "ukunikezela" "nokusasaza". Eli gama yinkcazelo ephaphamileyo yembali yesi sikolo. Phantse de kube lishumi leminyaka, esi sikolo besisoloko sikhangela ikhaya elisisigxina. Isikolo Usasazo kungoku nje side sabe kanti sibuyela ekhayeni kwisakhiwo saso, esigqitywe ukwakhiwa ngenyanga yeThupha ngo-2004, eBangisa Drive, eKhayelitsha.
Ukugqitywa kwesi sikolo kwaba sisithembiso seNkulumbuso njengengxenye yezinye iinkonzo eziya kunikezelwa kwiintsuku ezilikhulu nje kungeniwe kwiintambo zolawulo lukarhulumente omtsha weli phondo.
Ibali le-Usasazo liqala ngokunikezelwa kwezikolo ezimbalwa kakhulu liSebe Lemfundo Noqeqesho lexesha leminyaka ephambi ko-1994. Ukwanda kwemfuduko ukusuka eMpuma Koloni ukuya kwingingqi yaseKhayelitsha, okwalandela ukususwa komthetho iGroup Ares Act neminye imimiselo eyayilawula ukufudukela kwabantu kwiindawo ezithile zeli lizwe kwaphakamisa isidingo sokwakhiwa kwezikolo kule ngingqi.
Kodwa kwathi kusenjalo, abantu ekuhlaleni bala bezama ukubonisa urhulumente ngeendlela ezingaginyisi mathe besithi akuyi kulunga tu ukufakwa kwabo bafundi kwelo hlomela-dolophu futhi kwacaca mhlophe nakwiSebe eli neKEF ukuba kufuneka kuxozwe mphini wumbi ukuze kusonjululwe le mbambano.I-KEF yathetha-thethana nabahlali baseMaitland icela ukusebenzisa umhlaba owawukumgangatho osezantsi kakhulu futhi ungasetyenziswa kuloo ngingqi. Abahlali baseMaitland balixhasa eli nyathelo ze bavuma ekubeni kuhlanganiswe izikolo ezimbini esele zisebenza kula ngingqi, ze kwenziwe esinye sezo zikolo sivuleleke kubafundi abasuka eKhayelitsha.
Umaspala wesixeko saseKapa wathi ke wachonga umhlaba ekunokwakhiwa kuwo isikolo esitsha eKhayelitsha njengengxenye yenkqubo yokufakwa ngokutsha kweentsapho ezihlala kumatyotyombe kwisiza sesikolo kwingingqi yeKuyasa, ze iSebe Lemisebenzi Yoluntu Nothutho lanikezela esi siza kwinkampani eyakhayo ukuze iqale ukwakha ngomhla wamashumi amathathu kwinyanga yoMqungu kunyaka ka-2002.
Aba bakhi bawugqiba lo msebenzi wokwakha ngenyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004. Ixabiso leli phulo laba lishumi lezigidi namakhulu asixhenxe amawaka eerandi.
Abafundi abangeni kwezi zakhiwo ngoko nangoko, ukunqanda ukuphazamisana neemviwo zematriki zenyanga yoMsintsi, eziphela ngomhla weshumi elinesixhenxe kwinyanga yoMsintsi. Okwangoku, abakhi baya kulungisa naziphi na iimpazamo kwisakhiwo eso ze baqinisekise futhi ukuba isiza eso sibalungele abafundi xa isikolo eso singena ngempelaveki esuka kwishumi elinesixhenxe ukuya kwishumi elinethoba kule nyanga.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.15009.82952.82952.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kubekho izigulana ezingamawaka amane namakhulu ezifumana amachiza onyango lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo (ii-ARVs ngamafuphi) mihla le kumaziko onyango anagamashumi amabini anesithathu, nani elo elenyuke ukusuka kumawaka amabini anamakhulu amathathu namashumi amathathu anesixhenxe ekupheleni kwenyanga yoKwindla apha ku-2004, kudlulwa lee kwinani ebekujoliswe kulo elingamawaka amathathu ezigulana elamiselwa eli khulu lokuqala leentsuku yiNkulumbuso. Elona ziko likhulu lonyango likwisibhedlele iTygerberg, apho izigulana ezingamakhulu amane anamashumi amathandathu anesine zifumana khona unyango.
Inkqubo yeNtshona Koloni yamachiza okunyanga intsholongwane kaGawulayo iceba ukuseka amaziko amachiza onyango lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo angamashumi amathathu anesithandathu ngenyanga yoKwindla kunyaka ka-2005 ze ibonelele ngala machiza ntsuku zonke kwizigulana ezingamawaka amathandathu (ezithelekelelwa ukuba zisisiqingatha sezo zidinga olu nyango) ngenyanga yoKwindla ngo-2005.
Le nkqubo yokunikezelwa kwala machiza okulwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo yaqala kumaziko ezempilo anezixhobo ezifanelekileyo nabasebenzi baseklinikhi abanamava adingekayo, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba la machiza eqale anikezelwa kwizibhedlele ezikhulu kuphela.
Ekugqibeleni, kuya kwakhiwa ukusuka kumashumi amane anesihlanu ukuya kumashumi amahlanu amaziko kwiminyaka nje emibini, maziko lawo aya kuba ubukhulu becala ngamaziko ononophelo lwenqanaba lokuqala, izibhedlele zona zinikezele kuphela ngenkxaso yenqanaba lesibini nelesithathu apho umntu athunyelwe khona yiklinikhi yakhe.
Izigulana kufuneka zimelane neemfuno ezithile - ezempilo nezesimo sengqondo ngokwasekuhlaleni - phambi kokuba zinikwe unyango lwala machiza alwa noGawulayo.
Kukho izibuko elibekwe embindini wazo zonke iziyobisi ezilwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, eliqale ukusebenza ngomhla wesihlanu kwinyanga yeKhala, esebenzisa inkampani yokuthutha iposi ngokwezivumelwano zethenda ukuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa kwala machiza kwangethuba kuwo -onke amaziko.
Iziko lonyango ngalinye sele liqeqeshe abantu abaza kucebisa bancede, abaqeshwe ngaphantsi kwenkampani enikwe isibhambathiso sokusebenza, nkampani leyo engumbutho ongajonge ngeniso futhi zonke izigulana ziyakhuthazwa ukuba zibe nenkxaso esekuhlaleni. Eli Sebe liya kuhlola iindlela zenkxaso ekuhlaleni ze zazise ngokusesikweni inkxaso ephuma ekuhlaleni kunyaka-mali olandelayo.
Kukwakho nemibutho emithathu esebenza phantsi kwezibhambathiso enikezela ngoqeqesho kubasebenzi bamaziko empilo oluntu eNtshona Koloni, beqeqeshelwa ukukwazi ukunikezela unyango lwala machiza alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
INkqubo Yonyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo iyingxenye yesicwangciso iNational Comprehensive HIV and AIDS iNtshona Koloni enikelwe yona amashumi amabini anesithathu ezigidi namashumi asibhozo ananye amawaka eerandi kunyaka-mali u-200/2005. INgxowa-mali Yehlabathi Yokulwa noGawulayo, Isifo Seengcongconi neSifo Sephepha inikezela ngamashumi amabini anesine sezigidi namakhulu alithoba amawaka eerandi, mali leyo eza kukhutshelwa ixesha eliqala ngenyanga yeThupha ukuya kuma ngenyanga yeKhala ngo-2005 isenzelwa le nkqubo yamachiza alwa noGawulayo kumaziko amahlanu kwiNqila yeKapa.
Ezona njongo sele zifeziwe ze kwagqithelwa ngaphaya kwazo ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamaqhina entsebenziswano nabaxhasi abohlukeneyo namaqumrhu aphuma kumazwe angaphandle asele enikezele ngezibonelelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukunceda ekumelaneni neentlawulo zamachiza nezamaziko ophando kumanye amaziko onyango, kwanokuzinikela nokuhlangana kwamanye amahlakani, kuquka nemibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente, uluntu jikelele, abaphandi, izifundiswa kunye nabasebenzi baseziklinikhi.
Amacebo amatsha, kuquka nendlela yokuqesha, indlela ekhawulezileyo yokulandwa kwamayeza nenye indlela yamaqela kwizigulana ezinezigulo ezondeleyo kodwa zikwimeko exolisayo, awanciphisile amaxesha okulinda amade ekufuneka izigulana ziwalinde kula maziko.
Ngokwale ndlela yokuqesha, izigulana kufuneka zifike ngaphambi kwexesha lokudibana nabezonyango iyure phambi kwelo xesha libekiweyo ukuze zilande amaxwebhu azo ze zibe nokulinda kwindawo yokulinda.
Indledlana ekhawulezileyo yokulandwa kwamayeza ithetha ukuba inani lamayeza adingwa zizigulana lilo eliya kuba nefuthe ekubeni ziya kulinda ixesha elingakanani na izigulana: Ukuba isigulana sidinga kuphela iyeza elinye okanye amabini, siya kuncedwa ngokukhawuleza, kodwa xa sidinga amayeza amaninzi kuya kufuneka silinde.
Le ndlela yezigulana ezinezigulo ezondeleyo kodwa ezikwimeko exolisayo iquka ukwenziwa kwamadinga amane ukuya kwamathandathu ngabasebenzi baseklinikhi kwizigulana ezikule nkqubo yamaqela. Izigulana ziyacetyiswa ukuba ukuba aziziva mnandi akufuneki zilinde amadinga azo amaqela, kodwa zityelele iCHC ekufutshane nazo ngoko nangoko.
ISebe Lezempilo lizinikele ekunikezeleni rhoqo ngamayeza. Izigulana azisayi kuphinda zibuyiselwe emva kumakwazo nephetshana le-IOU ukuze zibuye ngosuku olulandelayo zize kulanda amayeza azo.
Abalawuli bala maziko nabo ngoku sele beqeshiwe kwiiklinikhi ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinguqu ezenziweyo ziya kuqhuba kakuhle.
Kuninzi lweeklinikhi umbhalo ocacileyo ubekwe elubala, ofana negama le-CHC leyo kwakunye nombhalo ngaphakathi kwiziko elo elinikezela umkhondo kwizigulana ukuze ziye kwiindawo ezinokufumana kuzo uncedo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.15085.125465.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeli phulo kukuqinisekisa ukumiselwa kwenkqubo yokulungiswa kwemigaqo eliza kuqesha inani elandisiweyo labantu baloo ngingqi abaza kwenza lo msebenzi.
Le Nkqubo Yokulungiswa Kwemigaqo iyiZenzele ijolise kudaleleni abantu beengingqi ekwenzeka kuzo olu phuhliso amathuba engqesho. Le nkqubo ke ilinyathelo lenkubo Yasekuhlaleni Yemisebenzi Yoluntu yaye lijolise ekuphuculeni imigaqo esele ikho ngokuthi iqeshe abantu basekuhlaleni kwezo ngingqi zophuhliso ukuba ibe ngabo abasebenzayo apho.
Le nkqubo Yasekuhlaleni Yemisebenzi Yoluntu isebenzisana noomaspala ekuchongeni iingingqi ekuza kwenziwa kuzo le misebenzi kwanokuqalisa ngala maphulo ophuhliso. Amaphulo ke kwezi ngingqi kuza kusetyenzwa kuzo aphantsi kweliso labaphathi beli phulo leZenzele abaqeshwe ngezibhambathiso zengqesho. Ukuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba luluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwiingingqi eyenzeka kuzo le misebenzi kuphantsi kweliso lwabaphathi bale nkqubo abahlalela imihlangano noluntu ekuhlaleni.
Baphakathi kweshumi elinesibini namashumi amabini anesihlanu Abasebenzi Abajongene Nophuhliso Lwasekuhlaleniabaqeshwe yile nkqubo isithuba seenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini kwiphulo ngalinye. Le nkqubo ke ithi yenze uphando ngezakhono abanazo aba basebenzi basekuhlaleni iza kubaqesha yaye indlela ekuqeshwa ngayo iwuqwalasela ngokubanzi umba wesini yaye ikwajolise nasekuthabatheni ulutsha. Abasebenzi basekuhlaleni aba baqeshelwe ukusebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amathandathu ngenyanga yaye bakwanikwa neebhayisekile ukubanceda bafikelele lula kwiingingqi abasebenzela kuzo.
Iintshukumo zomsebenzi ziquka ukutshentula izityalo ezingafunekiyo, ukucoca iidreyni, ukulahla inkukuma nokhula emigaqweni, ukulungisa imingxunya kwanokuhlamba iimpawu zendlela kwakunye neenkcenkce ezilumkisa ngeengozi. Aba basebenzi bakwanikezela nengxelo ngezinto ezifuna ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza. Umsebenzi ngamnye unikwa malunga nekhilomitha yomgaqo.
Le nkqubo Yasekuhlaleni Yemisebenzi Yoluntu ikwanikezela nangoqeqesho lokulungisa imigaqo kubasebenzi abajongene nophuhliso lwasekuhlaleni. Izikhulu zasekuhlaleni ziqinisekisa ukuba aba basebenzi bawenze kakuhle na umsebenzi yaye zijolise ekuchongeleni aba basebenzi amathuba asenokubavelela ekuhambeni kwexesha afana nolunye uqeqesho, ukufakwa kwizithuba zengqesho okanye amathuba okuzivulela awabo amashishini.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.7319.86919.86919.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinjongo zale Nkqubo kukusebenzisa iimali ezisuka kuhlahlo-mali lukarhulumente nolwamaqumrhu karhulumente ukunciphisa nokwehlisa amazinga entswela-ngqesho ngelixa isandisa amathuba abasebenzi okufumana ingeniso, mhlawumbi ngempangelo okanye ngeentshukumo zokuqala nokuqhuba amashishini. Injongo kukwehlisa amazinga entswela-ngqesho aye kuma kwizinga elisezantsi kwesigidi sabantu (ubuncinci amashumi amathandathu eepesenti zamanina, amashumi amathathu eepesenti zolutsha nesibini seepesenti zabantu abakhubazekileyo) eMzantsi Afrika phakathi ko-2004 no-2009.
Le nkqubo kazwelonke ibandakanya onke amabakala karhulumente kwakunye namashishini ombuso. Ijolise ekutsaleleni abantu abaninzi abangaphangeliyo ekusebenzeni ngendlela eveza iziqhamo futhi ikwaqulethe noqeqesho oluza kwangeza izakhono namandla okuba nakho ukufumana ingeniso.
Le nkqubo ijolise ekudaleni amathuba engqesho ngokwamaphulo emisebenzi yoluntu akha ngokusebenzisa abantu ngobuninzi babo. Malunga namashumi amathathu anesixhenxe amawaka eekilomitha zemigaqo, amashumi amathathu ananye amawaka eekhilomitha zeendlela zemibhobho, iwaka elinamakhulu amahlanu eekhilomitha zemisele yamanzi ezaqhwithi nekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu eekhilomitha emigaqwana yabahambi ngeenyawo yasezidolophini iya kwakhiwa.
Oku kuya kudala amathuba empangelo angamakhulu asixhenxe anamashumi amahlanu amawaka kusenzelwa abantu abangaphangeliyo kwiingingqi enzeka kuzo la maphulo.(Kuba ixesha eliqhelekileyo lala maphulo lidla ngokuba ziinyanga ezine, oku kuthetha ukuba ngabantu abangamakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu amawaka abaqeshwayo ngonyaka.) Bonke abasebenzi abaqeshwe kula maphulo baya kufumana uqeqesho, oluxhaswa ngezimali liSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Inkqubo yokufunda yecandelo lezoqoqosho ijolise ekubandakanyeni amakhulu amathathu abantu abangaphangeliyo kwizifundo zokuvula nokuqhuba amashishini kule minyaka mihlanu izayo. Kuqikelelwa ekubeni ishishini elincinci ngalinye elisekiweyo liya kuqesha abanye abantu abathathu abongeziweyo.
Le nkqubo yezifundo iya kunceda abanini-mashishini abaseneminqweno yokuphuhlisa izakhono namava adingekayo ekusekweni kwamashishini amancinci, aphakathi namakhulu. Abafundi baya kubhaliswa kwiinkqubo yezifundo ezixhaswa ngezimali yiSETA ze zixhaswe ukuseka amashishini amancinci. Izibhambathiso zokufunda ziya kubonelela ngamava asemsebenzini kubafundi. Abafundi baya kuziphumelela izifundo zabo benolwazi lobugcisa oludingekayo ukuze baqhube amashishini abo, ulwazi lokuba liqhutywa njani na ishishini, isiqinisekiso seNQF, amava kwanokusekwa kweenkcukacha zomntu zemali-mboleko.
Le nkqubo iya kukhokelela ekususweni nasekukhuculweni kwezivuno zezinye iingingqi kumakhulu amabini amawaka eehektare zomhlaba, ukulungiswa kwamashumi amane eengingqi zomhlaba ezinamanzi, ukusekwa kwamashumi amabini elwa nenqanda imililo, ukucocwa kwamakhulu asixhenxe eekhilomitha zonxweme, ukulungiswa kweshumi lamawaka eehektare zomhlaba, ukusekwa kwamashumi amathathu anambini eenkqubo zolawulo lobumdaka kwanokusekwa kwekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu amaphulo olondolozo lwembali namacandelo ezotyelelo loluntu ekuhlaleni.
Ukukhula Kwabantwana Abaselula.
Inkqubo Yononophelo Lwasekhaya Olusekelwe Kuluntu Ekuhlaleni ijolise ekudaleni ikhulu elinamashumi amabini anesibini lamawaka namakhulu amabini anamashumi amane ezithuba zemisebenzi (ishumi elinesixhenxe lamawaka namakhulu amane kuloo mathuba iya kufumaneka ngokwezibhambathiso zokufunda) eziya kutsala iminyaka emihlanu ngokwenkqubo embombo-ntathu eqhutywa ngentseenziswano neSETA Yezempilo Nentlalo-ntle.
Inkqubo Yokukhula Kwabantwana Abaselula ijolise ekuphuhliseni izakhono zeshumi elinethoba lamawaka nesibhozo samakhulu abantu abanonophela abantwana kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu, ngoko ke babe bongeza amandla abo okufumana ingeniso kwangaxesha-nye kuphuculwe icandelo lononophelo neendawo zokufundela zabantwana bethu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Projects.7322.84431.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-Cape Access ithabatha indlela yexesha elide ngokusebenzisa eli Phulo Lokufikelela Kwiingingqi kubantu Beengingqi Ezisemaphandleni ngokuthi kuqala kusekwe amabhunga okujongana nokunxibelelana ngeekhompyutha kwezo ngingqi kujoliswe kuzo. La mabhunga neendibano zabameli beengingqi zonke ezinomdla ekufikeleleni kwezi zibonelelo.
La mabhunga onxibelelwano ngeekhompyutha angathi akhe amakhonco entsebenziswano ze agxininise ekulondolozeni ezo khompyutha nezixhobo ze-internet sele zikho, umzekelo, ezo zisezikolweni nezo zikumaziko okubambela imicimbi eyahlukeneyo yasekuhlaleni, ze futhi aqinisekise ukuziswa kwezixhobo ezintsha nezisebenzisekayo eluntwini, ngokusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo afana nePhulo Lamathala Eencwadi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ezisele zikho akuyi kusoloko kwanele ingakumbi kwiinginqi apho kukho izibonelelo ezimbalwa. IPhulo Lamathala Eencwadi ngoko ke lijoliswe ekuzisweni kwendlela yokufikelela kumathala eencwadi.
Amathala eencwadi amathathu, aneempawu zeengingqi ezikumagqagala amaphandle, zeengingqi ezisezidolophini kodwa ezingadanga zagqibelela, nezo zineempawu zeengingqi ezisezidolophini zakhethwa. Ezi ndawo zathi zahlolwa kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bobugcisa bale mihla ukuqinisekisa ukulungelelana kwazo namaphulo la. Izifundo ezinokuba lulutho kakhulu kumele zifundwe ekuhlolweni kwala maphulo amathala eencwadi, aza kukhokelela ekunabeni kwephulo lamathala eencwadi.
UMthetho Osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa kweKomishoni Yolutsha yeNtshona Koloni wanikezelwa kwiPalamente yePhondo ngomhla weshumi elinesixhenxe kwinyanga yeThupha apha ku-2004, kwakwesi sithuba seentsuku ezilikhulu zokuqala.
Lo Mthetho Usaqulunqwayo wathi wapapashwa kwiphepha-ndaba likarhulumente ukuze uluntu lufake izimvo. Xa ithuba eliziintsuku ezingamashumi amabini ananye lokufakwa kwezimvo sele ligqithile, iKomiti ephethe lo mcimbi iya kuqwalasela izmvo ezingenileyo, phambi kokuba kudliwane iindlebe ze kuphunyezwe umthetho osaqulunqwayo wokugqibela.
Uxanduva lwale Komishoni Yolutsha isacetywayo luya kuba kukunceda urhulumente acwangcise, abe liliso, ze avavanye iinkqubo zikarhulumente ngokubhekiselele kwiziphumo nanjengokuba zichaphazela ulutsha. Amashumi amathandathu anesihlanu eepesenti zabemi beli phondo bangaphantsi kwamashumi amathathu anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala.
Eli qumrhu lisacetywelwa le Komishoni ngamalungu amathathu asisigxina kunye namalungu angagqithanga kwisithandathu angeso sigxina, kunye neGosa Lolawulo Eliyintloko.
UMthetho Osaqulunqwayo ongokusekwa Kwebhunga Lophuhliso loMthetho wePhondo wangeniswa kwiPalamente yePhondo ze wapapashwa kwiphepha-ndaba likarhulumente ukuze uluntu lufake izimvo ngomhla weshumi elinesibhozo kwinyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004, konke oku kusenzeka kwakwezi ntsuku zokuqala zilikhulu.
IBhunga Lophuhliso lwePhondo yibhodi enguvuka wokuwiswa komthetho enoxanduva lokujongana, ukuqala nokuba liliso kwizivumelwano phakathi bathabathai inxexheba kweli phondo. Umthetho olungisa longaphambili kuyanyanzeleka ukho ukuze kuhlaziywe umthetho osemva ngemiba elawula eli bhunga.
Ukuvalwa komzi-mveliso iNovel e-Atlantis, anasebenzi abangamakhulu amathathu kwanyanzeleka ukuba baphelelwe yimisebenzi. I-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso yazibandakanya ukuzama ukuqinisekisa ukuxhaswa ngezimali ukuthengwa nokuphinda kuvulwe kwalo mzi-mveliso yinkampani yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ProspectingRight.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ilungelo lokukhangela ubukho besimbiwa liphepha lemvume evumela inkampani okanye umntu othile ahlole okanye aphande ummandla womhlaba othile ngeenjongo zokuchonga isimbiwa esikhoyo ngokwenene okanye ekungenzeka ukuba sikhona. Nawuphi na umntu onqwenela ukwenza isicelo selungelo lokukhangela ubukho besimbiwa kufuneka afake isicelo kwi-ofisi yoManejala weNgingqi okwingingqi omi kuyo lo mhlaba.
Ilungelo lokukhangela ubukho besimbiwa lisebenza iminyaka emihlanu, kodwa ke emva kokuphela kwale minyaka mihlanu, umenzi-sicelo angacela ukuvuselelwa kwelungelo lokukhangela ubukho besimbiwa, ithuba elingagqithanga kwiminyaka emithathu.
Umenzi-sicelo unayo imali kunye nobuchule bokuqhuba ngokugqibeleleyo, oku kukhangelwa kupoposhwayo kobukho besimbiwa.
Isicwangciso sokuxhasa ngemali siyangqinelana nale nkqubo yokukhangela ubukho besimbiwa kunye nexesha elizakuthatyathwa yile nkqubo.
Akuyi kubakho ngcoliseko okanye monakalo ongamkelekanga kwimo yokusingqongileyo ngenxa yale nkqubo yokukhangela ubukho besimbiwa.
Umenzi-sicelo unako ukuhambisana noMthetho weMpilo noKhuseleko loMgodi.
Yenza isicelo kwi-ofisi yoManejala weNgingqi weSebe leZimbiwa naMandla okwingingqi omi kuyo lo mhlaba.
Ukubangaba uManejala weNgingqi uyasamkela isicelo sakho, uyakukucela ukuba uthumele isicwangciso sokulawula imo yokusingqongileyo kwaye ubonisane nomnikazi-mhlaba, umntu ohlala ngokusemthethweni kulo mhlaba okanye nawuphina omnye umbandakanyeki ochaphazelekayo.
Ukubangaba uManejala weNgingqi akasamkeli isicelo, kufanele akuxelele ngencwadi ebhaliweyo kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 14 kwaye asibuyisele kuwe esi sicelo.
Ukubangaba uManejala weNgingqi uyasamkela isicelo, kufuneka akuxelele kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 14 ukuba uthumele isicwangciso sokulawula imo yokusingqongileyo, kwaye ubonisane nomnikazi-mhlaba okanye umntu ohlala ngokusemthethweni kulo mhlaba, ndawonye nawuphina omnye umbandakanyeki ochaphazelekayo.
Kufuneka uthumele isiphumo esibhaliweyo sokubonisana kuManejala weNgingqi kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 30.
Zakuba zifezekisiwe ezi mfuno, uManejala weNgingqi kufuneka athumele isicelo kuMphathiswa ukuze asiqwalasele.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Protectionorder.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
lulo naluphina uhlobo loxhaphazo olubandakanya ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwesondo, ngokwasemoyeni, ngokwasengqondweni okanye ngokoqoqosho ukuthi gqolo ubandezelwa kwaye ukhathazwa ukonakalisa impahla nezinto zomntu ukuchwechwela nokulandela umntu ngokungayekiyo ukungena endaweni yomntu ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe nakuphina ukuziphatha okuxhaphazayo okanye okunempatho exhaphazayo xa oko kuziphatha kubangela ulwenzakalo okanye kungabangela ulwenzakalo kwimpilo yakho, ukhuseleko lwakho okanye kwintlalontle yakho.
Ukubangaba ezi ntlobo zoxhaphazo zenzeka kuwe okanye nakubanina omaziyo, ungenza isicelo somyalelo wokukhusela ukuxhatshazwa.
anqande ummangali oqhele ukuhlala kule ndawo yabo okanye owayeqhele ukuhlala kuyo, ekubeni angene kuyo okanye ekubeni asale kule ndawo yabo okanye kwinxenye engqalileyo yale ndawo bahlala kuyo; okanye enze nasiphina esinye isenzo esichazwe kumyalelo wokukhusela ukuxhatshazwa.
Ngubani ongenza isicelo somyalelo wokukhusela ukuxhatshazwa?
Nawuphina umntu okhathalele impilo nentlalo yommangali.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi yiya kwiSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko.
Yenza isicelo somyalelo wokukhusela ukuxhatshazwa kwiNkundla kaMantyi ekufuphi kwindawo ohlala kuyo nosebenza kuyo, naninina, ngexesha leeyure zokusebenza kwenkundla, nasemva kweeyure zokusebenza kwenkundla kunye nangeeholide zoluntu okanye ngeempelaveki.
Okokuqala, yenza isicelo soMyalelo weThutyana wokuKhusela ukuXhatshazwa ngokugcwalisa iFom 6 ethi: UMyalelo weThutyana wokuKhusela ukuXhatshazwa kwiNkundla kaMantyi okanye kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo ekufuphi kuwe.
Gcwalisa iFom 2 ethi: Isicelo soMyalelo wokuKhusela ukuXhatshazwa kwiNkundla kaMantyi okanye kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo ekufuphi kuwe.
Igama lesikhululo samapolisa apho ummangali kungahle axele khona ukwaphulwa komyalelo wokukhusela ukuxhatshazwa ekwenziwa isicelo sawo.
Qinisekisa ifom nomabhalana wenkundla, uze ke uyihambise.
Wakube ufumene ifom, umabhalane uyakuthumela isicelo sakho kumantyi, oyakuthi ke yena abeke umhla wokuba ubuyele enkundleni, ukuze isicelo sakho siqwalaselwe.
Kwakhona, umantyi uyakulungisa isaziso sokuxelela umxhaphazi ngomyalelo wokukhusela ukuxhatshazwa kwanokuba aye nini enkundleni.
Emva kokuvela enkundleni, umantyi angawunika umyalelo wokukhusela ukuxhatshazwa.
Umyalelo wokukhusela ukuxhatshazwa ungafunyanwa kwangaloo mini, kodwa ngokubanzi, oku kuxhomekeke ekubeni inzima kangakanani na imeko yakho.
Umyalelo usebenziseka ude ucinywe ngulo mntu uxhatshazwayo.
Ukubangaba umxhaphazi ufaka isibheno, umyalelo uyaqhubeka ukusebenza ude ucinywe yiNkundla yeZibheno.
<fn>GOV-ZA. PublicParticipationXhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Kuthetha ntoni oku kubakhweli bezithuthi?
Inkonzo iza kuqhuba ixesha elide nangaphezulu - ngexesha lasemini, ukuya kwixesha langokuhlwa kunye nangeempela veki kwaye ziza kuhamba ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo, ngamaxesha onke kwaye zithembeke. Yakuba indlela engummiselo ime kakuhle, abantu baza kuba nako ukujikeleza isixeko behambela abahlobo kunye nosapho, iindawo zentengiso kunye neendawo zolonwabo, kwaye nabakhenkethi baza kuba nako ukujikeleza ngokulula.
Injongo kukufumana indlela elula phakathi kwendlela emmiselweyo kunye nezinye iindlela zokufika endaweni, ezinje ngokuhamba ngeenyawo, iibhayisekile, iiteksi ezihlawulwa ngobude bomgama (metered taxis), kunye namancedo okumisa uze ukhwele (park - and ride). Ilinge lezithuthi ezingezizo iimoto liphuhliselwa isitishi ngasinye.
Kuthetha ntoni oku kubantu abaqhuba iinqwelo zabo/ zabucala?
Apho iindlela zeebhasi ezizodwa zicingelwa, esinye isithuba somgaqo siza kuyekelwa abaqhubi beemoto zabucala, kunye nemiqondiso yezithuthi esendleleni iza kubeka kwindawo ephambili iinqwelo ezizizithuthi zikawonke wonke. Oku kuza kukhuthaza abantu abasebenzisa iimoto zabo/ iimoto zabucala batshintshele ekusebenziseni indlela engummiselo omtsha. Ukwahlulwa kwezithuthi zikawonke wonke kwizithuthi ngokubanzi kunokuba luncedo kuzo zombini izithuthi zikawonke wonke kunye neemoto. Indlela yeeTeksi eziziBhasi eziNcinci kunye neeBhasi (BMT) ekumgaqo u-N2 isindise iimoto zabucala ngaphaya kwemizuzu engamashumi amabini yemizuzu.
Ngubani oza kuqhuba indlela engummiselo?
ISixeko saseKapa siza kwakha iindlela zeebhasi ezizodwa ukuze sicacise imigangatho yenkonzo, ixabiso leentlawulo kunye nohlobo lweenqwelo eziza kusetyenziswa.
Iinkampani zecandelo labucala ziza kunikeza ngowona msebenzi kunye neenkonzo. Umntu osebenzayo uza kubhatalwa ngesiseko sokuba iinqwelo zihamba ngeekilomitha ezingaphi kunye nokuhlangabezana neminye imigangatho yokusebenza. Kuza kubakho inkqubo eyahlukileyo yokubekwa kwamaxabiso omsebenzi oza kwenziwa yenkampani ezimeleyo ukuba iqokelele iintlawulo.
Kwakhona kuza kubakho i-arhente yesiphosiso eza kumiselwa ukuba iphonononge ubulunga benkonzo kunye nokusebenza ngezikhalazo ezivela kuluntu jikelele.
Kuthetha ntoni oku kubasebenzi abakhoyo ngoku?
ISixeko saseKapa sithetha kunye nabammeli beebhasi kunye neebhasi ezincinci ukuze siqinisekise ukuba ishishini lidlala indima ephambili kwindlela engummiselo omtsha. Injongo kukuzuza ubulunga obutsha obuphakamileyo benkonzo ngelixa kuphuculwa ukuba nenzuzo kunye neemeko zokusebenza kwishishini.
Kuthetha ntoni oku kubasebenzi kwishishini?
Indlela engummiselo omtsha ilindeleke ukuba idale imisebenzi emininzi, kungekuko nje kuphela kwinqanaba lolwakhiwo kodwa nasemisebenzini. Ukusebenzela indlela engummiselo omtsha kuza kuthetha imisebenzi esisigxina enayo onke amancedo engqesho esesikweni, enje ngomsebenzi wokhuseleko, iiyure eziqhelekileyo zomsebenzi, umvuzo oyingeniso enokuxelwa kwangaphambili, ikhefu, ikhefu lokugula kunye namancedo okubeleka. Indlela engummiselo omtsha iza kuba namancedo amaninzi kubasebenzi kwishishini.
Ivela phi imali yale projekthi?
Indlela engummiselo ikhutshelwa imali ngenkxaso esuka kurhulumente wesizwe kunye neSixeko saseKapa. Kuzo zonke iindawo zikarhulumente, kuquka noRhulumente wePhondo laseNtshona Koloni, uzimisele ukuguqula izithuthi zikawonke wonke eKapa. Uninzi lweemali ezikhutshwayo zenziwe zafumaneka ukuhlangabezana neemfuneko zaseKapa zokubamba iNdebe yeHlabathi ka-2010.
Kuza kwenzeka nini konke oku kwaye kuza kundiphazamisa njani mna?
Iindlela ezingena kweyona migaqo mikhulu yezithuthi.
Kwimigaqo emikhulu kuza kubakho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezilungiselelwe iibhasi ezizinqwelo ezizodwa ezicacileyo ubude buzimitha ezilishumi elinesibhozo (18 metre). Kuza kubakho izitishi ezibhala imo yezulu, izitishi ezivalekileyo kumbindi wendlela kule migaqo, eza kuqinisekisa ukuba iinqwelo zinako ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza xa zigqitha kwezinye izithuthi ezihamba endleleni nokuba abantu banako ukulinda ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye bekhululekile. Iinkonzo zeendlela ezingena kweyona migaqo mikhulu yezithuthi, eziziinqwelo ezimfutshane kubude obuzimitha ezisibhozo (8m) kunye neemitha ezilishumi elinesibini (12m) ziza kukhwelisa abantu ukungena kwiindlela ezinkulu ngeendlela yothutho oluqhelekileyo olunezitishi emacaleni endlela. Inqwelo nganye iza kuba neminyango emininzi ebanzi evuleka ngokulingana neplatfomu yesitishi ukuze uninzi lwabantu babe nako ukungena bephuma ngokukhawuleza. Inkonzo iza kusebenza iiyure ezilishumi elinesibhozo ngemini kwaye neenqwelo ziza kuhamba ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo. Amaxesha aqhelekileyo aza kusukela phakathi kwemizuzu embalwa ngamaxesha apho ubuninzi bezithuthi bufikelela kwiqondo eliphezulu ukuze ubuncinane bube ngamaxesha amathathu ngeyure xa ukudingeka kwazo kunciphile. Amaxabiso okuhlawula aya kufikeleleka kwaye abe nokuthelekiswa kunye namanye ahlawuliswayo ziibhasi kunye neebhasi ezincinci ngeli xesha.
Iza kuya phi indlela engummiselo?
Injongo yeSixeko saseKapa kukumisela uthungelwano olugqitha esixekweni kwiminyaka elishumi ukuya kwelishumi elinesibini (10 ukuya ku-12 yeminyaka). Uthungelwano luza kuqinisekisa ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-75% yabantu baphakathi kweemitha ezingamakhulu amahlanu (500 m) yendlela engummiselo oluphawu oluphezulu olulungele izithuthi zikawonke wonke.
Oku kunokuzuzwa kuphela linqanaba elinye ngexesha.
Mane amanqanaba okubumba i-IRT. Inqanaba lokuqala liza kwenziwa ngamanqwanqwa amabini, elokuqala liza kugqitywa ngaphambi kweNdebe yeHlabathi ka-2010 ukuze elinye kufutshane emva komsitho weNdebe yeHlabathi ka-2010.
Inqanaba 2: Eli nqanaba liza kudibanisa umzantsi mpuma wesixeko oxineneyo linani labantu abahlala kuwo, elo liquka iMitchell's Plain kunye neKhayelitsha, ukuya kwiindawo ekufikelwa kuzo ezingaphaya kwePeninsula.
ISixeko sagqiba ngokuba kwenziwe njani ngeNqanaba 1A?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.A.66371.66371.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > A &gt Ixesha Lokuthabatha Umhlala-phantsi: Athini Amalungelo Akho?
Ixesha Lokuthabatha Umhlala-phantsi: Athini Amalungelo Akho?
Ekugqibeleni, wonke umntu kufuneka eyekile ukusebenza. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukuyeka ukusebenza beselula noko kanti abanye ke abanye basebenza de baphelelwe ngamandla. Nokuba ukhetha yiphi na kwezi, kufuneka uwazile amalungelo akho nezinto onokukhetha ukuzenza.
Imithetho elawula imicimbi yabasebenzi ayinanto ithe ngqo iyithethayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi. Noko kunjalo ke, ikwatsho ukuba akukho mntu uya kuxhatshazwa asengelwe phantsi ngenxa yobudala bakhe. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba umqeshi nomqeshwa kufuneka bavumelane ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi.
Xa isibhambathiso sakho sesivumelwano sengqesho sifuna ukuba uthabathe umhlala-phantsi xa ubudala buthile.
Xa wawufikelele kwisigqibo nomqeshi wakho ngexesha emawuwuthabathe ngalo umhlala-phantsi okanye ke xa isisithethe saloo nkampani ukuba abaqeshwa bathabathe imihlala-phantsi xa bebudala buthile.
Xa kungekho kukhankanywa kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi kwisivumelwano sakho sengqesho yaye akuzange ufikelele kwisivumelwano ngoku nomqeshi wakho.
Ukuba uthi utyikitye isibhambathiso sesivumelwano sengqesho esichaza ixesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, ngokomthetho ke kuya kufuneka uthabathe umhlala-phantsi ngelo xesha likhankanywe apho. Inkampani leyo ayinakunyanzeliswa ukuba ikwazise kwangethuba.
Ukuba ixesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi alikho kwisibhambathiso sakho sesivumelwano sengqesho kodwa kwakuvunyelwene ngaso okanye ke ukuba sikho isithethe saloo nkampani sokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, umqeshi ke ngoko angakunika isaziso esikuchazela ukuba kufuneka uwuthabathe umhlala-phantsi wakho xa ufikelela kwiminyaka ethile yobudala. Ixesha lesi saziso liya kulingana nelo lesaziso sokupheliswa kwengqesho esithiwe thaca kwisibhambathiso sakho sengqesho.
Kuxa kutheni xa kufuneka kubekho isithethe sokuthatyathwa komhlala-phantsi kuloo nkampani Kuxa kukho ulwazi oluphangaleleyo lokuba ixesha okanye ubudala "obuqhelekileyo" bokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi ngama-55, ama-60 okanye ama-65 eminyaka kodwa ke olu lwazi luphangalele kakhulu ukuba lungalulutho okanye lusetyenziswe kwiimeko ezithile?
Ukuba akukho kukhankanywa kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi lifanelekileyo kwisibhambathiso sakho sengqesho yaye inkampani leyo ayinasithethe sexesha elithile lokuthatyathwa komhlala-phantsi, ungaqhubekeka ke usebenze de ube kanti akusakwazi kuwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wakho. Umqeshi wakho angayiphelisa ingqesho yakho kuphela ngokwemigaqo yemithetho karhulumente elawula imicimbi yengqesho (oko ke kukungaziphathi kakuhle, iimfuno zengqesho okanye ukungakwazi kuwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wakho) yaye kuya kufuneka alandele imigaqo ethiwe thaca kwisibhambathiso sokuqeshwa kwakho naleyo ikwimithetho karhulumente elawula imicimbi yengqesho. Iinkundla zikufumanise ikukuxhaphaza nokusengela phantsi into yokuba umqeshi wakho aphelise ingqesho yakho ngenxa yobudala bakho.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngomthetho onento yokwenza nokugxothwa, khawujonge isikhokelo somthetho iLabour Relations Act seSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi esinezihloko esithi "Yazi iLRA Yakho".
Akukho nto icacileyo ngokomthetho ebhekiselele kumalungelo omqeshwa oqhubekeka asebenze emva kokufika kwexesha lakhe lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi. Kuyingcebiso entle ke ukuba umqeshi nomqeshwa bayicacise ngokuphandle imiqathango yengqesho emva kokufika kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, umzekelo: ukuba umqeshwa lo uya kuqhubekeka asebenze ixesha elingakanani na emva kokufika kwexesha lokutabatha kwakhe umhlala-phantsi yaye sesiphi na isaziso sokupheliswa kwengqesho esidingekayo ukuphelisa le ingqesho.
Emva kokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi ngokwesiqhelo uya kuxhomekeka kwingxwa-mali yomhlala-phantsi okanye ke leyo wawuyenzele ukulungiselela ixesha elinjengeli ukuze ube nokuphila.
Unakho nokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi wombuso okanye ke ungafaka igalelo kwingxowa-mali yabucala yomhlala-phantsi okanye eyokulungiselela ikamva. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngokuba iingxowa-mali zabucala zokulungiselela ikamva zisebenza njani na, tyelela iwebsite yeengcebiso noncedo lwezomthetho yeBlack Sash neye-ETU.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.A.66371.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
A &gt Ixesha Lokuthabatha Umhlala-phantsi: Athini Amalungelo Akho?
Ixesha Lokuthabatha Umhlala-phantsi: Athini Amalungelo Akho?
Ekugqibeleni, wonke umntu kufuneka eyekile ukusebenza. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukuyeka ukusebenza beselula noko kanti abanye ke abanye basebenza de baphelelwe ngamandla. Nokuba ukhetha yiphi na kwezi, kufuneka uwazile amalungelo akho nezinto onokukhetha ukuzenza.
Imithetho elawula imicimbi yabasebenzi ayinanto ithe ngqo iyithethayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi. Noko kunjalo ke, ikwatsho ukuba akukho mntu uya kuxhatshazwa asengelwe phantsi ngenxa yobudala bakhe. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba umqeshi nomqeshwa kufuneka bavumelane ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi.
Xa isibhambathiso sakho sesivumelwano sengqesho sifuna ukuba uthabathe umhlala-phantsi xa ubudala buthile.
Xa wawufikelele kwisigqibo nomqeshi wakho ngexesha emawuwuthabathe ngalo umhlala-phantsi okanye ke xa isisithethe saloo nkampani ukuba abaqeshwa bathabathe imihlala-phantsi xa bebudala buthile.
Xa kungekho kukhankanywa kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi kwisivumelwano sakho sengqesho yaye akuzange ufikelele kwisivumelwano ngoku nomqeshi wakho.
Ukuba uthi utyikitye isibhambathiso sesivumelwano sengqesho esichaza ixesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, ngokomthetho ke kuya kufuneka uthabathe umhlala-phantsi ngelo xesha likhankanywe apho. Inkampani leyo ayinakunyanzeliswa ukuba ikwazise kwangethuba.
Ukuba ixesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi alikho kwisibhambathiso sakho sesivumelwano sengqesho kodwa kwakuvunyelwene ngaso okanye ke ukuba sikho isithethe saloo nkampani sokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, umqeshi ke ngoko angakunika isaziso esikuchazela ukuba kufuneka uwuthabathe umhlala-phantsi wakho xa ufikelela kwiminyaka ethile yobudala. Ixesha lesi saziso liya kulingana nelo lesaziso sokupheliswa kwengqesho esithiwe thaca kwisibhambathiso sakho sengqesho.
Kuxa kutheni xa kufuneka kubekho isithethe sokuthatyathwa komhlala-phantsi kuloo nkampani Kuxa kukho ulwazi oluphangaleleyo lokuba ixesha okanye ubudala "obuqhelekileyo" bokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi ngama-55, ama-60 okanye ama-65 eminyaka kodwa ke olu lwazi luphangalele kakhulu ukuba lungalulutho okanye lusetyenziswe kwiimeko ezithile?
Ukuba akukho kukhankanywa kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi lifanelekileyo kwisibhambathiso sakho sengqesho yaye inkampani leyo ayinasithethe sexesha elithile lokuthatyathwa komhlala-phantsi, ungaqhubekeka ke usebenze de ube kanti akusakwazi kuwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wakho. Umqeshi wakho angayiphelisa ingqesho yakho kuphela ngokwemigaqo yemithetho karhulumente elawula imicimbi yengqesho (oko ke kukungaziphathi kakuhle, iimfuno zengqesho okanye ukungakwazi kuwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wakho) yaye kuya kufuneka alandele imigaqo ethiwe thaca kwisibhambathiso sokuqeshwa kwakho naleyo ikwimithetho karhulumente elawula imicimbi yengqesho. Iinkundla zikufumanise ikukuxhaphaza nokusengela phantsi into yokuba umqeshi wakho aphelise ingqesho yakho ngenxa yobudala bakho.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngomthetho onento yokwenza nokugxothwa, khawujonge isikhokelo somthetho iLabour Relations Act seSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi esinezihloko esithi "Yazi iLRA Yakho".
Akukho nto icacileyo ngokomthetho ebhekiselele kumalungelo omqeshwa oqhubekeka asebenze emva kokufika kwexesha lakhe lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi. Kuyingcebiso entle ke ukuba umqeshi nomqeshwa bayicacise ngokuphandle imiqathango yengqesho emva kokufika kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, umzekelo: ukuba umqeshwa lo uya kuqhubekeka asebenze ixesha elingakanani na emva kokufika kwexesha lokutabatha kwakhe umhlala-phantsi yaye sesiphi na isaziso sokupheliswa kwengqesho esidingekayo ukuphelisa le ingqesho.
Emva kokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi ngokwesiqhelo uya kuxhomekeka kwingxwa-mali yomhlala-phantsi okanye ke leyo wawuyenzele ukulungiselela ixesha elinjengeli ukuze ube nokuphila.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.A.95093.95093.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lengcaciso likhupha ezinye zeemposiso ngabathunwa benkundla ze licacise ngqo ukuba umnthunywa wenkundla lo ngubani yaye unamagunya athini na.
Abathunywa benkundla aba zizigidimi zeendaba ezimbi ngoko ke kufuneka babalekwe nakanjani na.
Abanthunywa benkundla aba ke ngamagosa enkundla angathabathi cala anoxanduva lokuhambisa zonke iimpepha zenkundla eziquka nalawo anyanzelisa umntu ukuba aye kuvela enkundleni, izaziso, izigunyanyiso zokubanjwa kuvalelwe nezokugqogqa impahla, imiyalelo kwakunye nokufezekiswa kwezigwebo nemiyalelo. Umthunywa wenkundla lo ke ngoyena mntu uhlangana noluntu egameni lenkqubo yoluntu ejongene nobulungisa.
Abathunywa benkundla bangalophula ucango lwakho, bonakalise impahla yakho ze bakuxhaphaze nawe.
iBhodi Yabathunywa Beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika ijongana nenkonzo enikezelwa ngabathunywa beenkundla nabancedisi babo, iqinisekisa futhi ukuba ziwenza loo msebenzi ngendlela eyiyo neyamkelekileyo njrngoko ithiwa thaca kuMqulu Wendlela Amabaziphathe aba Bathunywa. Nabani na obona ngathi umthunywa wenkundla othile akakhange amphathe ngendlela eyamkelekileyo uyakhuthazwa ukuba anikezele ingxelo ngoko kuMbhexeshi wale Bhodi.
Ukugaleleka komthunywa wenkundla emnyangweni wakho akukho kubuya ngamva.
Ekufikeni kwabo, abathunywa benkundla baya kucacisa umongo welo phepha bakuphethe lona ze bakucacisele futhi nokuba yintoni na ekufuneka uyenzile wena emva koko. Eyona nto ke kukuza kukucacisela ngenkqubo yomthetho kodwa abanakho ukukunika iingcebiso zomthetho.
Ayikho yokwazi ukuba loo mntu usemnyangweni ngumthunywa wenkundla ngokwenene na okanye uze kukoleka ityala.
Wonke umthunywa wenkundla nomncedisi wakhew kufuneka babe nakho ukukhupha ikhadi lokuzazisa elisebenzayo alifumana kwiBhodi Yabathunywa Beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika.
Abathunywa beenkundla bamela amashishini amakhulu kuphela. Abekho abamele abantu nje abazisokolelayo.
Kuluxanduva lomthunywa wenkundla ukunceda wonke umntu, ehlutha elamba, ngokungenamkhethe nangesidima ngamaxesha onke.
Abathunywa bayazenzela lo msebenzi yaye benza unothanda.
Abathunywa beenkundla baqeshwa nguMpthathiswa Wezobulungisa Nophuhliso loMgaqo-siseko yaye basebenza phantsi kwemigaqo nemiyalelo yeNkundla.
Abathunywa baxulutywe ngamatye ze naziphi na iimpepha abeze nazo zingananzwa zilahlelwe kwesinomhlwa.
Ukuba uthi uphazamisane nomthunywa wenkundla ekwenzeni umsebenzi wakhe okanye uthi ungayilandeli imiyalelo akunike yona, usenokuzifumana uphantsi kotshutshiso.
Akukho nto anokuyenza umthunywa wenkundla xa usala ukusebenzisana naye.
Ngokomthetho, umthunywa wenkundla lo angazivulela angene endlwini yakho, nokuba sele ungekho wena. Angathimba athabathele kuye isithuthi sakho, ifenitshala nenye nje impahla yakho ephakamisekayo, okanye ke ukuba kuyimfuneko, nengaphakamisekiyo ngeenjongo zokuyithengisa ukuze kubuye imali leyo uyityalayo.
Abathunywa benkundla aba bangathatha nantoni na abayifunayo ekhayeni lakho.
Abathunywa benkundla aba kufuneka bacacise owona mongo wezo mpepha baziphetheyo yaye abanako ukuthimba izinto ezingundoqo ekuphileni kwakho ezifana nokutya neebhedi, iingubo zokulala nempahla yokunxiba. Ngapha koko ke, abanako, ngokwemigaqo ethile, ukuthimba izixhobo osebenza ngazo ukuze ufumane isonka sakho semihla ngemihla.
Abathunywa benkundla aba banganyanzelisa ukuba ubanike imali yaye akunyanzelekanga ukuba bakunike isiqinisekiso saloo ntlawulo.
Abathunywa benkundla aba kufuneka bakunike isiqinisekiso sayo nayiphi na intlawulo oyenzileyo yaye kufuneka nawe uqinisekise ukuba ezi ziqinisekiso uzityikityile. Unelungelo lokusifumana isiqinisekiso ezingundoqo.
Who Is the Sheriff?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.B.3342.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sisishwankathelo esingusaziwayo sawona macandelo abalulekileyo omthetho wepalamente yesizwe iBasic Conditions of Employment Act, ka-1997. Abasebenzi kufuneka babe nakho ukusifumana esi sishwankathelo kwiindawo abasebenza kuzo ngeelwimi ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni nezisetyenziswa kwezo ngingqi bahlala kuzo.
Ingaba wenzelwe bani lo Mthetho?
Lo Mthetho Ubophelela bonke abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngaphandle kwamalungu oMkhosi Wokhuselo Wesizwe, iQumrhu Lobuntlola Lesizwe, iQumrhu Leemfihlo loMzantsi Afrika kwakunye namavolontiya angahlawulwayo asebenzela imibutho yohlangulo.
Lo Mthetho kufuneka uhlonitshwe nokuba ezinye izigqibo sele zahlukile kuwo.
Eli candelo alibabopheleli abaphathi abakwizikhundla eziphezulu (abo banokuqesha, baluleke ze bagxothe), abasebenzi beentengiso abamsebenzi wabo ubahambisayo kwakunye nabasebenzi abasebenza iiyure ezingaphantsi kwamashumi amabini anesine ngenyanga.
kweeyure ezisibhozo ngosuku ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza iintsuku ezingaphezu kwesihlanu ngeveki.
Ukuba ixesha elongezelelweyo liyadingeka, abasebenzi kufuneka bavume ukulisebenza futhi abanakusebenza iiyure ezingaphezu kwesithathu zexesha elongezelelweyo ngosuku okanye ishumi leeyure zomsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo ngeveki.
Ixesha elongezelelweyo kufuneka lihlawulelwe ngentlawulo engumvuzo opheleleyo oqhelekileyo nesiqingatha sawo okanye ke ngokwezivumelwano bafumane ixesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo.
Ukulungiswa ngendlela elula kwamaxesha okusebenza kungancokolwa ukuba kukho isivumelwano phakathi kwabaqeshi nemanyano yabasebenzi ebhalisiweyo. Umzekelo, oku kungavumela amaxesha ekulula ukuphinda atshintshwe kumzalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni emva kwexesha elithile.
Iveki yomsebenzi oxinanisiweyo: ungavuma ukusebenza ukuya kuma kwishumi elinesibini leeyure ngosuku ze usebenze iintsuku ezimbalwa ngeveki. Noku ke kungabanceda abazalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni abo emva kwexesha elithile ngokuthi bafumane iimpela-veki ezinde.
Averaging: Isivumelwano sabasebenzi nabaqeshi singawavumela amaxesha empangelo ukuba ahlanganiswe ixesha eliziinyanga ezine. Umsebenzi obotshelelwe seso sivumelwano akanakho ukusebenza ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza elingaphezu kwamashumi amane anesihlanu eeyure ngeveki kwakunye nezinye iiyure ezintlanu zomsebenzi wexesha elingaphezu kweeyure ezintlanu ngeveki ngexesha lesi sivumelwano. Isivumelwano sabaqeshi nabasebenzi sokulinganisela ixesha lokusebenza kufuneka sincokolwe kwenziwe nezigqibo ngaso minyaka le.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokutya eliyimizuzu engamashumi amathandathu emva kweeyure ezintlanu zokusebenza. Kodwa ke isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi singalinciphisa eli xesha ngemizuzu engamashumi amathathu ze silisuse ixesha lokutya ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza ixesha elingaphantsi kweeyure ezintandathu.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokuphumla ntsuku zonke, xesha elo liziiyure ezilishumi elinesibini zilandelelana kwakunye nexeha lokuphumla leveki eliziiyure ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu zilandelelana ngeveki, ekufuneka, ngaphandle kokuba kuvunyelwene, ziquke umhla waCawe.
Umsebenzi othi ngamanye amaxesha asebenze ngeCawe kufuneka afumane umvuzo ophindwe kabini. Umsebenzi oqhele ukusebenza ngeCawe kufuneka ahlawulwe umvuzo wesiqhelo onesingatha. Singakho isivumelwano sexesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo kunokuba kuhlawulelwe umsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo.
Umsebenzi wasebusuku awukho mpilweni futhi ungakhokelela ezingozini. Oko ke kukuthi abasebenzi abasebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yesithandathu malanga nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka bafumane umvuzo owongeziweyo okanye ke basebenze iiyure ezimbalwa kunezo zasemini kodwa ngomvuzo olinganayo nalowo womsebenzi wasemini.
Izithuthi kufuneka zikho kodwa ke akunyanzelekanga ukuba ziphume kumqeshi.
abasebenzi abaqhele ukusebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yeshumi elinanye ebusuku nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka baxelelwe ngeengozi zempilo nezokhuseleko ezinokubahlasela ngelo xesha. Kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo ngabasebenzi bezempilo, abahlawulwa ngumqeshi. Kufuneka batshintshelwe ekusebenzeni emini ukuba ukusebenza ebusuku kubadalela ingxaki yezempilo. Zonke iziphumo zeentshukumo zokuhlolwa impilo kufuneka zigcinwe ziyimfihlo.
Abasebenzi kufuneka bayihlawulelwe nayiphi na iholide kawonke-wonke ethi ibekho phakathi evekini. Umsebenzi usebenza ngeholide kawonke-wonke kuphela ngokuthi avume ukwenza oko ze ahlawulwe ngomvuzo wesiqhelo ophindwe kabini. Iholide kawonke-wonke kungavunylwana ngumqeshi nomsebenzi ukuba kutshintshiselwane ngayo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha ukuya kufikelela kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amabini ananye zilandelelana zekhefu lonyaka okanye ke angene kwisivumelwano nomqeshi, usuku olunye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leentsuku ezisetyenziweyo okanye ke iyure ibe nye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Ikhefu kufuneka lithatyathwe kwixesha elingagqithanga kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuphela kwexesha lekhefu.
Umqeshi unokumhlawula kuphela umsebenzi endaweni yokumnika ikhefu ukuba loo msebenzi uthi awushiye loo msebenzi engazange alithabathe ikhefu abenelungelo lalo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela ikhefu lokugula elifikelela kwiiveki ezintandathu kwixesha lempangelo eliziinyanga ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu.
Kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala empangelweni umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela usuku olunye lwekhefu lokugula oluhlawulelwayo ngamashumi amabini anesithandathu eentsuku azisebenzileyo.
Umqeshi angafuna isiqinisekiso esisuka kugqirha sokuba umsebenzi lowo ubegula phambi kokuba amhlawule loo msebenzj ugule iintsuku ezimbini zilandelelana ngexesha okanye amaxesha angaphezu kwesibini kwiiveki ezisibhozo.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo angaphumla iinyanga ezifikelela kwisine zilandelelana zokuya kubeleka. Angalithabatha eli khefu nanini na ukusuka kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku ekulindeleke ukuba abeleke ngalo OKANYE ke ngosuku ugqirha okanye umzalisi athe lulungele impilo yakhe neyosana olo luseza kubelekwa. Akanakho futhi ukusebenza iiveki de zibe ntandathu emva kokuzalwa kosana lwakhe ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha okanye umzalisi uthe ukulungele ukusebenza.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo okanye oncancisayo akavumelekanga ukuba asebenze kwindawo enganobungozi kuye okanye kusana lwakhe.
Abasebenzi abasebenza ntsuku zonke banelungelo lokufumana ikhefu elihlawulelwayo lokuya kujongana neentsapho zabo eliziintsuku ezintathu ngonyaka xa bezicelela xa kuzalwa okanye kugula umntwana waloo msebenzi, okanye xa iqabane, umzali, umzali obemgcinile, umzali womzali, umntwana, umntwana obekhuliswa ngulo msebenzi, umzukulwana okanye umnakwabo okanye udad' wabo ethe wasutywa kukufa.
Umqeshi angabufuna ubungqina bokuba eli khefu bekunyanzelekile ukuba lithatyathwe.
Abaqeshi kufuneka banike abasebenzi babo abatsha iinkcukacha ngemisebenzi yabo kwakunye neemeko abaza kusebenza phantsi kwazo ngembalelwano. Oku ke kuquka ingcaciso ngalo naliphi na ibhunga elisebenza kwelo candelo loshishino ndawonye noluhlu lwazo naziphi na iimpepha ezinokuba lulutho.
usuku lokuzalwa kubasebenzi abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala.
esona sixa umsebenzi asihlawulwayo.
inani eligqibeleleyo leeyure ezisetyenziweyo ngexesha lokulinganisela, ukuba bekuvunyelwene ngoko.
imali le itsalwayo ivumelekile ngokomthetho, ngokwesivumelwano, ngokomyalelo wenkundla okanye iziphumo zongenelelo.
Imivuzo yeveki isekelwe kwinani leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Intlawulo yenyanga sisine kunye ne-1/3 kumaxesha omvuzo weveki.
kweeveki ezine, ukuba uqeshwe ixesha elingangonyaka okanye nangaphezulu.
Isaziso kufuneka sibhalwe phantsi ngaphandle kokuba sisuka kumsebenzi ongakwaziyo ukubhala.
Abasebenzi abahlala kwisakhiwo somqeshi kufuneka banikwe isaziso esiza kubanika inyanga phambi kokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi, saziso eso sibazisa ngokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi okanye ke banikwe enye indawo yokuhlala de ube umsebenzi lowo upheliswe ngokusemthethweni.
Umqeshi onikezela esi saziso akamnqandi umsebenzi ukuba aye kummangalela ngokuphelelwa kwakhe ngumsebenzi, oko ekwenza ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iLabour Relations Act okanye nangemigaqo yawo nawuphi na umthetho.
Umqeshi kufuneka ahlawule umsebenzi amgxhothileyo ngokweemfuno zomqeshi lowo intlawulo elingana neyeveki ngonyaka ngamnye kwelandelelanayo ayichithe emsebenzela.
Xa umsebenzi uphela, umsebenzi kufuneka anikwe iphetshana eliqinisekisa ukuba ukhe wasebenza apho.
Akukho mthethweni ukuqesha umntwana ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala.
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala abanakuwenza umsebenzi onganobungozi kubo okanye b enze umsebenzi omele ukwenziwa ngumntu omkhulu.
Akukho mthethweni ukunyanzelisa umntu ukuba asebenze.
asikuvumeli nangayiphi na indlela ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana njengabasebenzi okanye asivumeli mntu ukuba asetyenziswe ngokunyanzelwa.
Izivumelwano ezithatyathwe ngabasebenzi kunye nabaqeshi kwakunye nezo zithatyathwe ngumsebenzi okanye ngumqeshi ngamnye kufuneka zilandele imigaqo yalo mthetho.
UMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi angasenza isigqibo sokwahlula okanye sokususa imeko ethile engundoqo yokuphangela. Oku ke kusenokwenziwa ngokohlobo lwesicelo esifakwa ngumqeshi lowo okanye ngumbutho wabaqeshi.
Amaqumrhu olawulo kwicandelo ngalinye loshishino angenziwa ukuseka iimeko ezingundoqo zempangelo kubasebenzi kwicandelo elithile loshishino nengingqi ethile.
Lo Mthetho ukhupha igunya lokusekwa kweKomishoni Yeemeko Zempangelo ukuze icebise uMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abahloli bemicimbi yempangelo kufuneka bacebise abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabo kwimicimbi yempangelo. Bayahlola, baphande izikhalazo, bahlabe imibuzo kubantu abathile za bahlole, bakope ze bakhuphe iinkcukacha-mpepha ezithile.
Umhloli angakhupha umyalelo wokuhlonitshwa kwesigqibo esithile ngokuthi abhalele uMlawuli-Jikelele weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi, oya kuthi yena ajonge oko kubhalwe apho ze avume, atshintshe okanye arhoxise loo myalelo.
Esi sigqibo singacelelwa umngeni kwiNkundla Yemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abasebenzi akuvumelekanga ukuba baphathwe ngendlela enomkhethe ngenxa yokuba befune amalungelo abo ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho.
ukwala okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela umhloli wezempangelo okanye namphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho.
Onbekende staatstaal of akroniem Kyk in die WOORDELYS?
| VRAE Vra vir ons: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.B.69201.69201.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uninzi lwabaqhubi luqhuba izithuthi ezineenjini ezingekho mgangathweni, nto leyo ethetha ukuba imali ithi ivuthelelwe ngaphandle ngale mibhobho iphuma umoya omdaka wesithuthi! ISebe Lezimbiwa Namandla licebisa abasebenzisi bamafutha ukuba balandele la macebiso okusetyenziswa kwamafutha nendlela esemgangathweni yokuqhuba ukuze kongiwe ilitha nganye yamafutha esithuthi.
Zivale iifesitile zenqwelo-mafutha xa uqhuba, kuba kaloku ifestile evulekileyo idala umoya obangela ukuba kusebenziseke amafutha ongezelelwe ngamashumi amabini ekhulwini kunesiqhelo. Kumntu ochitha ikhulu leerandi ngeveki kumafutha esithuthi, ukonga amashumi amabini ekhulwini kungathetha ukuba uya konga ama-R20 ngeveki, mali leyo inokuphinda-phindana iye kufikelela kuma-R80 ngenyanga. Leyo ke yimali umntu abenokuyihlawula kwityala lendlu yakhe okanye ibe yimali egcinelwa amaxesha obunzima.
Sebenzisa ioli elungelelana neentlobo ezinininzi zezithuthi kuba yona inciphisa oku kusebenziseka kwamafutha amaninzi.
Lolonga inqwelo-mafutha yakho uqinisekise ukuba isoloko isemgangathweni rhoqo.
Sebenzisa incwadi oza kugcina kuyo onke amaxesha othenge ngawo amafutha enqwelo-mafutha yakho kwakunye nemigama osele uyihambile ukuze ube nokuzibekela amanqaku amatsha oqoqosho ukuze ube nokuwubona nomahluko ekusebenzieni kwezithuthi sakho ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwezixhoobo ezithile zaso.
Ukuba unakho seka amaqela okuthuthana nezihlobo.
Kubaleke ukuqhuba ngamavili aonomoya osezantsi kuba kaloku umoya wamavili ophantsi kakhulu awandisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kwamavili, kodwa ke ukwanciphisa kakhulu ubomi bamatayala lawo.
Zinqande ekuqhubeni umana ukumisa okokoko.
Xa usenyusa isantya, kwenze kancinci oko.
Musa ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu. Okona usenyusa isantya kukokona usebenzisa amafutha amaninzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.B.99789.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Bazi ngalo lonke ixesha abahlobo bomntwana wakho kwanokuba baohi na.
Ungaze uthume umntwana wakho yedwa, emini okanye ebusuku, ukuba ahambise imiyalezo.
Fundisa umntwana ngokusoloko "ENABAHLOBO" - ukuba asoloko ehamba futhi edlala nabahlobo.
Fundisa abantwana bakho ukuba bangavumeli nabani na ababambe ngendlela engatshongo khona.
Fundisa abantwana bakho ukuba bangakwamkeli ukukhweliswa kwiinqwelo-mafutha zabantu abangabaziyo, bangazamkeli izipho nemali esuka kumntu abangamaziyo.
Fundisa abantwana bakho ukuba bangxole becela uncedo ukuba kukho nabani na obathatha ngenkani.
Fundisa abantwana bakho ukuba baxele naziphi na izehlo ezingaqhelekanga kubantu abadala ababathembileyo.
Fundisa abantwana bakho ukusebenzisa umnxeba xa bedinga uncedo.
Fundisa abantwana bakho ukuba banganikezeli ngeenkcukacha zabo nezeentsapho zabo kubantu abangabaziyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.B.99789.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Khangela nje kancinci, ngendlela eyiyo ukufumanisa ukuba ngokwenene umntwana lowo ulahlekile na. Khangelisisa kwikhaya lakho, kwizihlobo eizsenyongweni nakubamelwane.
Musa ukucela ukukhangeliswa ngabanye abantwana kuba kaloku nabo bangaphela belahleka.
Yithi ngoko nangoko unikezele ingxelo ngaloo mntwana ulahlekileyo kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe.
Shiya umntu omthembileyo ekhayeni lakho ukuze aphendule iminxeba, njalo-njalo.
Thabatha owona mfanekiso waloo mntwana mtsha uye nawo kweso sikhululo samapolisa xa usiya kunikezela ingxelo ngokulahleka komntwana lowo wakho.
Nikezela ingcaciso ezeleyo ngomntwana lowo, umzekelo, umbala weenwele, owamehlo, ubude nobukhulu.
Qinisekisa ukuba ufumana inombolo yokuvulwa kolo gqogqo, igama neenombolo zoqhagamshelwano zegosa lasebupoliseni elinikwe uxanduva lokujongana nophando ekulahlekeni komntwana wakho.
Yazisa amapolisa ngempahla ebinxitywe ngumntwana wakho ngexesha lokuduka kwakhe.
Ukuba kuvela naziphi na iinkcukacha, qhagamshelana negosa lasebupoliseni elijongene nokulahleka komntwana wakho ngoko nangoko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.C.32303.32303.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
iNkundla yoMgaqo-sisekoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kwimicimbi echaphazela uMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika. Izigqibo zale nkundla ngomgaqo-siseko ziyabophelela kuzo zonke ezinye iinkundla. Le nkundla yenziwa ziijaji ezilithoba. Intloko yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yiJaji Enkulu Yesizwe uPius Langa ze ijaji uDikgang Moseneke abe liSekela lakhe. Le nkundla ke iqale ukubakho kweli lizwe ngo-1994.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla kwiwebsite yenkundla yomgaqo-siseko.
iNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhenoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kuyo yonke imicimbi, ngaphandle kwaleyo ichaphazela umgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo, zonke iimeko zokufakwa kwezibheno zamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho ezisuka kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ziphelela kule nkundla, ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso ke sinento yokwenza nomthetho olawula umgaqo-siseko, apho ke iya kuba yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eya kuba nelizwi lokugqibela. INkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno yayisa kubizwa "iCandelo Lezibheno", njengoko ihlalela amatyala kwizibheno kuphela. Izigqibo zeNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ziyabophelela kuzo zonke iinkundla ezingaphantsi ngokwamagunya. UMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngobekekileyo uCT Howie ze obekekileyo naye uL Mpati abe lisekela lakhe.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
Elandelayo "kwinkundla ezimagunya makhulu" yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, eyayisa kubizwa iNkundla Ephakamileyo". Amacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo "anamagunya okugweba" - ilungelo lokuchophela ityala - kwiindawo ezithile azisikelweyo nabekwe kuzo, yaye izigqibo zeeNkundla Eziphakamileyo ziyabophelela kwiinkundla zoomantyi ezikwiindawo ezikuzo ezi ziphakamileyo. Amancandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo anelungelo lokuchophela amatyala nangayiphi na imicimbi kodwa ke kwiingingqi asikelwe zona, kodwa ke asoloko echophela imiba yeembambano zoluntu ebandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000, kwakunye namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. La macandelo akwachophela naziphi na izibheno ukuhlalutywa kwamatyala asuka kwiinkundla ezikumgangatho ongaphantsi (iinkundla zoomantyi) ezisebenza kwiingingqi zezi nkundla ziphakamileyo. INkundla Ephakamileyo ngokwesiqhelo ke ichophela nayiphi na imiba ubume bomntu othile (umzekelo, isicelo sokugcina kukhuliswe umntwana womnye umzali, ukubhanga komntu okanye ishishini).
Kufuneka kuhlanganwe neGqwetha Lemicimbi Yosapho kuyo yonke imicimbi echaphazela abantwana, njengoko iNkundla Ephakamileyo "ingumzali onamagunya amakhulu" kubo bonke abantwana baseMzantsi Afrika.
uMphathi weNkundla Ephakamileyo ugcina iimpepha ezinento yokwenza nempahla yabantu (abangasekhoyo okanye ababhangileyo).
uMthunywa weNkundla uhambisa iimpepha ezithile kubantu abathile kwityala lembambano, ze athimbe impahla xa efumene igunya lokwenza oko.
uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu, owayesa kubizwa ngjengeGqwetha Elikhulu, unoxanduva lokutshutshisa abaphuli-mthetho egameni lombuso.
Igqwetha Lombuso ligqwetha elimela umbuso kwiintshukumo zeembambano ezibandakanya umbuso (apho umbuso ufaka isimangalo okanye umangalelwa khona).
Okwakaloku nje kusekho ishumi "lamacandelo amaphondo" ale Nkundla Iphakamileyo kwakunye "namacandelo ezixeko" amathathu (acandelo lawo asebenza kwiingingqi ezithile azisikelwe ngamacandelo amaphondo ale nkundla ze abe namagunya kwiingingqi ezithile phantsi kwecandelo lephondo). La macandelo azixeko ke asasebenzisa indlela exesha likarhulumente wangaphambili elingaphambi kuka-1994, owayesebenza ngamaphandle namaphondo amane. Umzekelo, iCandelo lale Nkundla Iphakamileyo eliseKapa libizwa ngokuba yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika: iCandelo lePhondo leCape of Good Hope ze ijaji yalo eyongameleyo ibe nguJaji uJohn Hlophe.
Xa uMthetho Osaqulunqwayo Weenkundla Ezikumgangatho Ophakamileyo sele uwisiwe, kuya kubakho iCandelo leNkundla Ephakamileyo kwiphondo ngalinye kula asithoba eli lizwe, abe namagama angqamanayo nalawo amaphondo akuwo kwakunye "nezihlalo" ezingapha kwesinye kumaphondo athile. Iphondo leRhawuti liya kuba namacandelo amabini, elisemazantsi (iRhawuti) nelisemantla (iPitoli).
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 480 2411.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
iiNkundla Ezijikelezayo ziyingxenye yeNkundla Ephakamileyo. Zihlala ubuncinci kabini ngonyaka, yaye ziyajikeleza zandise iingingqi ezisemaphandleni ezinokuncedakala. Zingaqhagamsheleka ngokuthi umntu ahlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso zihlala kumacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo yaye ziquka iJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo encediswa ngumgcini-zincwadi onamava angekho ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka, gosa elo limele icandelo loshishino. Le nkundla ichophela zonke iimbambano eziphakathi komhlawuli-rhafu kunye necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika, apho imbambano ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu yengeniso engaphezu kwe-R100 000. Izibheno kwizigqibo zale nkundla zisiwa ngqo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno. Iimbambano zerhafu ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu engaphantsi kwe-R100 000 zisiwa kwiBhodi Yerhafu. USihlalo wale Bhodi Yerhafu ligqwetha, igqwetha elikhulu okanye umgcini-zincwadi osebenza kwicandelo labucala lezoshishino oqeshwe nguMongameli welizwe ngenjongo yokuba ngusihlalo wale Bhodi. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Eyodwa Yemicimbi Yerhafu Yengneniso ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhreno ze uqhagamshelane neBhodi Yerhafu ngokuthi uhlangane necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwakaloku nje kukwakho neeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye Neenkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi, ezinegunya lokugweba kwimicimbi yabasebenzi yaye zikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo. Noxa kunjalo, the umthetho osaqulunqwayo iSuperior Courts Bill uya kuziphelisa ezi nkundla zemicimbi yabasebenzi ze uzifake phantsi kweNkundla Ephakamileyo. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Ephakamileyo ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo okanye ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Ukususela ngo-1998,iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato zithe zakwazi ukuchophela naziphi na iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa komtshato - ngaphambi koko ke ezi nkundla zazichophela kuphela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato yabantu abamnyamawaphi na amatyala Zintathu ke ezi nkundla zalo msebenzi yaye zezi, iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato Ezisembindini, Ezikumntla-Mpuma Nezikumazantsi, yaye ezi nkundla zenzelwe ukuchophela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato engenzima kuyaphi ngokukhawuleza nangendlela engatyi kakhulu empokothweni. INkundla Ekumazantsi Yokuqhawulwa Komtshato yinkundla yokuqhawulwa komtshato enegunya lokuchophela iimbambano zokuqhawulwa komtshato eNtshona Kapa, yaye inee-ofisi kwiZiko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho eKapa ze kubekho nenye iofisi encinane eMitchell's Plain. Ungaqhagamshelana neli Ziko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla kaMantyi yaseKapa.
iNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba ikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo kodwa ke izimele ayixhomekekanga kule iphakamileyo. Le nkundla yasekwa ngo-1996 yaye ichophela amatyala anento yokwenza nokubuyiswa kwemihlaba eyathatyathwa ngexesha lenkqubo yobandlululo (amatyala okulungiswa kwemicimbi echaphazela imihlaba). INkundla Yamabango Emihlaba inemigaqo yayo yaye ivumelekile ukuba iqhube iinkqubo zayo noluntu ngaphandle kokuba senkundleni nangezinye iindlela ezingaqhelekanga (apho ijaji ibuza amangqina, ingagqithi kumagqwetha awo) yaye le nkundla ingalichophela ityala naphi na apho ithande ukulichophela khona, nangona eyona ofisi yayo nje iseRandburg. Izibheno zithunyelwa kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso siqonde kumcimbi womgaqo-siseko, meko leyo ke iya kunyanzelisa ukuba isibheno eso sithunyelwe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko. uMongameli weNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba nguFikile Bam.
Ungafikelela kwizigwebo zeNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba apha.
iNkundla Yamanzi enegunya lokuchophela amatyala kuwo onke amaphondo yaye amagosa ayo ngusihlalo, isekela lakhe namalungu ongezelelweyo. Inegunya lokungenelela igwebe kwimicimbi ebandakanya amanzi. Amalungu eNkundla Yamanzi kufuneka abe nolwazi lomthetho, ubunjineli ulawulo lwezibonelelo zamanzi okanye ulwazi lwecandelo elisondeleyo. La malungu aqeshwa nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso zeKomishoni Yeenkonzo Zomthetho, eliqumrhu elichonga iijaji. Le Nkundla Yamanzi ithabathe indawo yeNkundla Yamanzi ngo-1998. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Yamanzi ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso(iTRC) yayingeyonkundla iyiyo kodwa isikhundla nje esahlukileyo esasisekelwe ukuchophela amatyala ngexesha lobandlululo egameni lombuso welo xesha. Ikomiti Yoxolelwaniso yayinamagunya okuxolela (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umenzi wobubi akanakutshutshiswa) abenzi bobubi bopolitiko eluntwini abavumileyo nabaxele konke abakwaziyo, oko ke kukuthi inyaniso, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. IKomiti Eyayijongene Nokunyhashwa Kwamalungelo Oluntu yayiyiyo ethabatha izigqibo ngokuba zeziphi na izenzo ezazikukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo ezanikezelwa kule komishoni yenyaniso noxolelwaniso. Emva kokuchongwa kwamaxhoba okunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, loo maxhoba ayethunyelwa kwiKomiti Yezilungiso Nokuthuthuzelwa, eyayithabatha izigqibo ngokuba mawabuyekezwe njani na amaxhoba lawo. Imisebenzi yale komishoni sele usiya ekuqoshelisweni. Abo bangazange bafumane kuxolelwa yiKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso ngezenzo ezibi abazenzayo ngexesha lobandlululo bangatshutshiswa.
iiNkundla Zoomantyi ziinkundla ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi nezichophela namatyala amaninzi. Zahlula-hlulwe yaziinkundla zemimandla neenkundla zezithili. Zingaphezu kwama-400 iinkundla zoomantyi eMzantsi Afrika. Azinalo igunya lokungenelela nokuchophela amatyala eembambano abandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000 (ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bavumelana ekubebi behlise isixa eso sibe ngaphantsi kwe-R100 000). Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, amatyala amakhulu anobuzaza olwaphulo achotshelwa ziinkundla zemimandla. Oku ke kungenxa yokuba iinkundla zezithili azinakho ukuwisa izigwebo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu kumntu ofunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho. Awona matyala olwaphulo-mthetho amasikizi kakhulu achotshelwa yiNkundla Ephakamileyo. Kukwakho nothotho lweenkundla zoomantyi ezenziwe zakhetheka ukwenzela zikwazi ukumelana neentlobo ezithile zamatyala, nkundla ezo zifana nenkundla yamatyala odlwengulo eseWynberg.
iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zinegunya lokuchophela lonke ityala lembambano elibandakanya imali engaphantsi kwama-R3000, ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bayavumelana ekubeni basehlise esi sixa sibe ngaphantsi kwesi sixa. Ijaji yeNkundla Yamabango Amancinci ibizwa ngokuba ngumkomishinala yaye idla ngokuba ligqwetha elikhulu elisebenzayo, igqwetha okanye isifundiswa kwezomthetho osebenza njengomkomishinala ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa. Ummangali nommangalelwa abavumelekanga ukuba babe namagqwetha aza kubamela. Isigwebo salo mkomishinala asiphikiseki yaye asinakwenzelwa sibheno kwinkundla enkulu kunale. Ungaqhagamshelana neyona Nkundla Yamabango Amancinci ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi udlule kweyona Nkundla kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe.
iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani nazo zikwanawo amagunya okuchophela amatyala athile kwinqanaba leenkundla zoomantyi. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuchophela amatyala eembambano ezibandakanya izithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yomthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe. Isikhulu esigunyazisiweyo kwintlalo nempilo yabemi bomthonyama okanye okanye isekela saso bangathabatha izigqibo ngamatyala besebenzisa umthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe, k tyala elo lisiwe kuloo nkundla ngummi womthonyama emangalela omnye ummi womthonyama kwingingqi esinegunya lokulawula kuyo eso sikhulu. Ezi nkundla ke zaziwa kakuhle njengeeenkundla zeenkosi. Umntu onebango afuna ukulisa enkundleni uyazikhethela ukuba alise enkundleni yenkosi okanye enkundleni kamantyi na elo bango. Qhagamshelana nenkosi yakho ukuba ungathanda ukusa ibango lakho lixoxwe kule nkundla yenkosi.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.C.32303.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
iNkundla yoMgaqo-sisekoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kwimicimbi echaphazela uMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika. Izigqibo zale nkundla ngomgaqo-siseko ziyabophelela kuzo zonke ezinye iinkundla. Le nkundla yenziwa ziijaji ezilithoba. Intloko yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yiJaji Enkulu Yesizwe uPius Langa ze ijaji uDikgang Moseneke abe liSekela lakhe. Le nkundla ke iqale ukubakho kweli lizwe ngo-1994.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla kwiwebsite yenkundla yomgaqo-siseko.
iNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhenoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kuyo yonke imicimbi, ngaphandle kwaleyo ichaphazela umgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo, zonke iimeko zokufakwa kwezibheno zamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho ezisuka kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ziphelela kule nkundla, ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso ke sinento yokwenza nomthetho olawula umgaqo-siseko, apho ke iya kuba yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eya kuba nelizwi lokugqibela. INkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno yayisa kubizwa "iCandelo Lezibheno", njengoko ihlalela amatyala kwizibheno kuphela. Izigqibo zeNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ziyabophelela kuzo zonke iinkundla ezingaphantsi ngokwamagunya. UMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngobekekileyo uCT Howie ze obekekileyo naye uL Mpati abe lisekela lakhe.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
Elandelayo "kwinkundla ezimagunya makhulu" yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, eyayisa kubizwa iNkundla Ephakamileyo". Amacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo "anamagunya okugweba" - ilungelo lokuchophela ityala - kwiindawo ezithile azisikelweyo nabekwe kuzo, yaye izigqibo zeeNkundla Eziphakamileyo ziyabophelela kwiinkundla zoomantyi ezikwiindawo ezikuzo ezi ziphakamileyo. Amancandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo anelungelo lokuchophela amatyala nangayiphi na imicimbi kodwa ke kwiingingqi asikelwe zona, kodwa ke asoloko echophela imiba yeembambano zoluntu ebandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000, kwakunye namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. La macandelo akwachophela naziphi na izibheno ukuhlalutywa kwamatyala asuka kwiinkundla ezikumgangatho ongaphantsi (iinkundla zoomantyi) ezisebenza kwiingingqi zezi nkundla ziphakamileyo. INkundla Ephakamileyo ngokwesiqhelo ke ichophela nayiphi na imiba ubume bomntu othile (umzekelo, isicelo sokugcina kukhuliswe umntwana womnye umzali, ukubhanga komntu okanye ishishini).
Kufuneka kuhlanganwe neGqwetha Lemicimbi Yosapho kuyo yonke imicimbi echaphazela abantwana, njengoko iNkundla Ephakamileyo "ingumzali onamagunya amakhulu" kubo bonke abantwana baseMzantsi Afrika.
uMphathi weNkundla Ephakamileyo ugcina iimpepha ezinento yokwenza nempahla yabantu (abangasekhoyo okanye ababhangileyo).
uMthunywa weNkundla uhambisa iimpepha ezithile kubantu abathile kwityala lembambano, ze athimbe impahla xa efumene igunya lokwenza oko.
uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu, owayesa kubizwa ngjengeGqwetha Elikhulu, unoxanduva lokutshutshisa abaphuli-mthetho egameni lombuso.
Igqwetha Lombuso ligqwetha elimela umbuso kwiintshukumo zeembambano ezibandakanya umbuso (apho umbuso ufaka isimangalo okanye umangalelwa khona).
Okwakaloku nje kusekho ishumi "lamacandelo amaphondo" ale Nkundla Iphakamileyo kwakunye "namacandelo ezixeko" amathathu (acandelo lawo asebenza kwiingingqi ezithile azisikelwe ngamacandelo amaphondo ale nkundla ze abe namagunya kwiingingqi ezithile phantsi kwecandelo lephondo). La macandelo azixeko ke asasebenzisa indlela exesha likarhulumente wangaphambili elingaphambi kuka-1994, owayesebenza ngamaphandle namaphondo amane. Umzekelo, iCandelo lale Nkundla Iphakamileyo eliseKapa libizwa ngokuba yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika: iCandelo lePhondo leCape of Good Hope ze ijaji yalo eyongameleyo ibe nguJaji uJohn Hlophe.
Xa uMthetho Osaqulunqwayo Weenkundla Ezikumgangatho Ophakamileyo sele uwisiwe, kuya kubakho iCandelo leNkundla Ephakamileyo kwiphondo ngalinye kula asithoba eli lizwe, abe namagama angqamanayo nalawo amaphondo akuwo kwakunye "nezihlalo" ezingapha kwesinye kumaphondo athile. Iphondo leRhawuti liya kuba namacandelo amabini, elisemazantsi (iRhawuti) nelisemantla (iPitoli).
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 480 2411.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
iiNkundla Ezijikelezayo ziyingxenye yeNkundla Ephakamileyo. Zihlala ubuncinci kabini ngonyaka, yaye ziyajikeleza zandise iingingqi ezisemaphandleni ezinokuncedakala. Zingaqhagamsheleka ngokuthi umntu ahlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso zihlala kumacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo yaye ziquka iJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo encediswa ngumgcini-zincwadi onamava angekho ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka, gosa elo limele icandelo loshishino. Le nkundla ichophela zonke iimbambano eziphakathi komhlawuli-rhafu kunye necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika, apho imbambano ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu yengeniso engaphezu kwe-R100 000. Izibheno kwizigqibo zale nkundla zisiwa ngqo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno. Iimbambano zerhafu ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu engaphantsi kwe-R100 000 zisiwa kwiBhodi Yerhafu. USihlalo wale Bhodi Yerhafu ligqwetha, igqwetha elikhulu okanye umgcini-zincwadi osebenza kwicandelo labucala lezoshishino oqeshwe nguMongameli welizwe ngenjongo yokuba ngusihlalo wale Bhodi. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Eyodwa Yemicimbi Yerhafu Yengneniso ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhreno ze uqhagamshelane neBhodi Yerhafu ngokuthi uhlangane necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwakaloku nje kukwakho neeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye Neenkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi, ezinegunya lokugweba kwimicimbi yabasebenzi yaye zikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo. Noxa kunjalo, the umthetho osaqulunqwayo iSuperior Courts Bill uya kuziphelisa ezi nkundla zemicimbi yabasebenzi ze uzifake phantsi kweNkundla Ephakamileyo. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Ephakamileyo ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo okanye ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Ukususela ngo-1998,iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato zithe zakwazi ukuchophela naziphi na iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa komtshato - ngaphambi koko ke ezi nkundla zazichophela kuphela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato yabantu abamnyamawaphi na amatyala Zintathu ke ezi nkundla zalo msebenzi yaye zezi, iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato Ezisembindini, Ezikumntla-Mpuma Nezikumazantsi, yaye ezi nkundla zenzelwe ukuchophela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato engenzima kuyaphi ngokukhawuleza nangendlela engatyi kakhulu empokothweni. INkundla Ekumazantsi Yokuqhawulwa Komtshato yinkundla yokuqhawulwa komtshato enegunya lokuchophela iimbambano zokuqhawulwa komtshato eNtshona Kapa, yaye inee-ofisi kwiZiko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho eKapa ze kubekho nenye iofisi encinane eMitchell's Plain. Ungaqhagamshelana neli Ziko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla kaMantyi yaseKapa.
iNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba ikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo kodwa ke izimele ayixhomekekanga kule iphakamileyo. Le nkundla yasekwa ngo-1996 yaye ichophela amatyala anento yokwenza nokubuyiswa kwemihlaba eyathatyathwa ngexesha lenkqubo yobandlululo (amatyala okulungiswa kwemicimbi echaphazela imihlaba). INkundla Yamabango Emihlaba inemigaqo yayo yaye ivumelekile ukuba iqhube iinkqubo zayo noluntu ngaphandle kokuba senkundleni nangezinye iindlela ezingaqhelekanga (apho ijaji ibuza amangqina, ingagqithi kumagqwetha awo) yaye le nkundla ingalichophela ityala naphi na apho ithande ukulichophela khona, nangona eyona ofisi yayo nje iseRandburg. Izibheno zithunyelwa kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso siqonde kumcimbi womgaqo-siseko, meko leyo ke iya kunyanzelisa ukuba isibheno eso sithunyelwe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko. uMongameli weNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba nguFikile Bam.
Ungafikelela kwizigwebo zeNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba apha.
iNkundla Yamanzi enegunya lokuchophela amatyala kuwo onke amaphondo yaye amagosa ayo ngusihlalo, isekela lakhe namalungu ongezelelweyo. Inegunya lokungenelela igwebe kwimicimbi ebandakanya amanzi. Amalungu eNkundla Yamanzi kufuneka abe nolwazi lomthetho, ubunjineli ulawulo lwezibonelelo zamanzi okanye ulwazi lwecandelo elisondeleyo. La malungu aqeshwa nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso zeKomishoni Yeenkonzo Zomthetho, eliqumrhu elichonga iijaji. Le Nkundla Yamanzi ithabathe indawo yeNkundla Yamanzi ngo-1998. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Yamanzi ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso(iTRC) yayingeyonkundla iyiyo kodwa isikhundla nje esahlukileyo esasisekelwe ukuchophela amatyala ngexesha lobandlululo egameni lombuso welo xesha. Ikomiti Yoxolelwaniso yayinamagunya okuxolela (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umenzi wobubi akanakutshutshiswa) abenzi bobubi bopolitiko eluntwini abavumileyo nabaxele konke abakwaziyo, oko ke kukuthi inyaniso, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. IKomiti Eyayijongene Nokunyhashwa Kwamalungelo Oluntu yayiyiyo ethabatha izigqibo ngokuba zeziphi na izenzo ezazikukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo ezanikezelwa kule komishoni yenyaniso noxolelwaniso. Emva kokuchongwa kwamaxhoba okunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, loo maxhoba ayethunyelwa kwiKomiti Yezilungiso Nokuthuthuzelwa, eyayithabatha izigqibo ngokuba mawabuyekezwe njani na amaxhoba lawo. Imisebenzi yale komishoni sele usiya ekuqoshelisweni. Abo bangazange bafumane kuxolelwa yiKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso ngezenzo ezibi abazenzayo ngexesha lobandlululo bangatshutshiswa.
iiNkundla Zoomantyi ziinkundla ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi nezichophela namatyala amaninzi. Zahlula-hlulwe yaziinkundla zemimandla neenkundla zezithili. Zingaphezu kwama-400 iinkundla zoomantyi eMzantsi Afrika. Azinalo igunya lokungenelela nokuchophela amatyala eembambano abandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000 (ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bavumelana ekubebi behlise isixa eso sibe ngaphantsi kwe-R100 000). Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, amatyala amakhulu anobuzaza olwaphulo achotshelwa ziinkundla zemimandla. Oku ke kungenxa yokuba iinkundla zezithili azinakho ukuwisa izigwebo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu kumntu ofunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho. Awona matyala olwaphulo-mthetho amasikizi kakhulu achotshelwa yiNkundla Ephakamileyo. Kukwakho nothotho lweenkundla zoomantyi ezenziwe zakhetheka ukwenzela zikwazi ukumelana neentlobo ezithile zamatyala, nkundla ezo zifana nenkundla yamatyala odlwengulo eseWynberg.
iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zinegunya lokuchophela lonke ityala lembambano elibandakanya imali engaphantsi kwama-R3000, ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bayavumelana ekubeni basehlise esi sixa sibe ngaphantsi kwesi sixa. Ijaji yeNkundla Yamabango Amancinci ibizwa ngokuba ngumkomishinala yaye idla ngokuba ligqwetha elikhulu elisebenzayo, igqwetha okanye isifundiswa kwezomthetho osebenza njengomkomishinala ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa. Ummangali nommangalelwa abavumelekanga ukuba babe namagqwetha aza kubamela. Isigwebo salo mkomishinala asiphikiseki yaye asinakwenzelwa sibheno kwinkundla enkulu kunale. Ungaqhagamshelana neyona Nkundla Yamabango Amancinci ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi udlule kweyona Nkundla kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe.
iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani nazo zikwanawo amagunya okuchophela amatyala athile kwinqanaba leenkundla zoomantyi. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuchophela amatyala eembambano ezibandakanya izithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yomthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe. Isikhulu esigunyazisiweyo kwintlalo nempilo yabemi bomthonyama okanye okanye isekela saso bangathabatha izigqibo ngamatyala besebenzisa umthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe, k tyala elo lisiwe kuloo nkundla ngummi womthonyama emangalela omnye ummi womthonyama kwingingqi esinegunya lokulawula kuyo eso sikhulu. Ezi nkundla ke zaziwa kakuhle njengeeenkundla zeenkosi. Umntu onebango afuna ukulisa enkundleni uyazikhethela ukuba alise enkundleni yenkosi okanye enkundleni kamantyi na elo bango. Qhagamshelana nenkosi yakho ukuba ungathanda ukusa ibango lakho lixoxwe kule nkundla yenkosi.
Don't understand government jargon or an acronym Use the GLOSSARY?
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.C.3520.3520.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli ke liphetshana Elinikezela Ingcaciso Ngomhlaza Wesibeleko Kubasebenzi Bononophelo Lwempilo.
Iphetshana elenzelwe abasebenzi becandelo lononophelo lwempilo ngobuzaza bomhlaza wesibeleko, indlela ogqugqisa ngayo, ubudala bamanina akowona mngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sesi sifo nokuba kungenziwa ntoni na ngaso.
Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lolona hlobo lomhlaza lixhaphakileyo kumanina aseMzantsi Afrika.
Umntu ngamnye kumanina angama-41 eMzantsi Afrika uya kuthi ahlaselwe sesi sifo ekuphileni kwakhe.
Umhlaza wesibeleko uthinteleka ngokuthi kuhlolwe isibeleko kukhangelwa ukuba asikho mngciphekweni wakuhlaseleka na, hlolo olo lunokukhangela izinto ezingaqhelekanga nezidla ngokubakho xa umntu eza kuhlaselwa sisifo somhlaza, esaziwa ngokuba sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kwisibeleko nesele sisaziwa njengesilonda esingaphakathi kwisibeleko ngaphakathi.
Iinkqubo zeemvavanyo ezijoliswe kubemi bamazwe ngamazwe kwihlabathi lonke jikelele zibonakalise ukwehla kweemeko ezintsha zokuhlaselwa kwamanina ngumhlaza wesibeleko, nakwiimeko apho ezi nkqubo zingakhange zigqibelele ngokomgangatho.
Abantu basetyhini abasebatsha badla ngokuba neSIL ekumgangatho ophantsi. Uninzi lwala makhwiniba azibyela kwisimo sesiqhelo kwangokwawo. Abantu basetyhini abasele bekhulile abanala makhwiniba, noxa kunjalo, anethuba elikhulu lokukhula abe sisifo somhlaza.
Kuthatha malunga neshumi ukuya kumashumi amabini eminyaka ukukhula kwala maqalela esi sifo de abe sisifo somhlaza wesibeleko esigqibeleleyo.
Amanina abudala bungama-30 eminyaka nangaphezulu kufuneka afumane ezi mvavanyo zomhlaza wesibeleko kathathu . Ezi mvavanyo ke kufuneka zishiyane ngeshumi leminyaka. Ezi mvavanyo ezifana nezi zixelwe ngentla apha njengoko besele zichazwe njengezicutha ukubulawa sesi sifo ngamashumi amathandathu anesixhenxe ekhulwini yaye zithatyathwa njengeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu empokothweni yokulwa nesifo somhlaza wesibeleko apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini uneempawu ezithile okanye ukhe wenziwa uvavanyo olungakhange lufane nezinye mhlawumbi ngenxa yeempawu abe nazo okanye mhlawumbi kukho izikhokelo ezivela eklinikhi, umntu lowo angazifumana iimvavanyo ezisimahla sesifo somhlaza wesibeleko ngaphezu kwezo zintathu azifumanayo.
Ukuba umntu othile wasetyhini ufuna iimvavanyo zesi sifo ezingaphezu kwesithathu asifumana simahla, kuya kufuneka azihlawulele ngokwakhe ezo azo zongezelelwayo.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini lowo unama-55 nangaphezulu eminyaka ubudala ngexesha afumana uvavanyo lwakhe lokuqala lwesifo somhlaza wesibeleko, yaye uvavanyo olo alunamakhwiniba, akufuneki kuphindwe kwenziwe zimvavanyo kuye.
Ukulandelwa kuhle kweemeko kwanokuthunyelwa kwala manina kumanye amaziko.
Ukufundiswa koluntu ekuhlaleni ngokubaluleka kweemvavanyo zesifo somhlaza wesibeleko.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.C.3520.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli ke liphetshana Elinikezela Ingcaciso Ngomhlaza Wesibeleko Kubasebenzi Bononophelo Lwempilo.
Iphetshana elenzelwe abasebenzi becandelo lononophelo lwempilo ngobuzaza bomhlaza wesibeleko, indlela ogqugqisa ngayo, ubudala bamanina akowona mngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sesi sifo nokuba kungenziwa ntoni na ngaso.
Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lolona hlobo lomhlaza lixhaphakileyo kumanina aseMzantsi Afrika.
Umntu ngamnye kumanina angama-41 eMzantsi Afrika uya kuthi ahlaselwe sesi sifo ekuphileni kwakhe.
Umhlaza wesibeleko uthinteleka ngokuthi kuhlolwe isibeleko kukhangelwa ukuba asikho mngciphekweni wakuhlaseleka na, hlolo olo lunokukhangela izinto ezingaqhelekanga nezidla ngokubakho xa umntu eza kuhlaselwa sisifo somhlaza, esaziwa ngokuba sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kwisibeleko nesele sisaziwa njengesilonda esingaphakathi kwisibeleko ngaphakathi.
Iinkqubo zeemvavanyo ezijoliswe kubemi bamazwe ngamazwe kwihlabathi lonke jikelele zibonakalise ukwehla kweemeko ezintsha zokuhlaselwa kwamanina ngumhlaza wesibeleko, nakwiimeko apho ezi nkqubo zingakhange zigqibelele ngokomgangatho.
Abantu basetyhini abasebatsha badla ngokuba neSIL ekumgangatho ophantsi. Uninzi lwala makhwiniba azibyela kwisimo sesiqhelo kwangokwawo. Abantu basetyhini abasele bekhulile abanala makhwiniba, noxa kunjalo, anethuba elikhulu lokukhula abe sisifo somhlaza.
Kuthatha malunga neshumi ukuya kumashumi amabini eminyaka ukukhula kwala maqalela esi sifo de abe sisifo somhlaza wesibeleko esigqibeleleyo.
Amanina abudala bungama-30 eminyaka nangaphezulu kufuneka afumane ezi mvavanyo zomhlaza wesibeleko kathathu . Ezi mvavanyo ke kufuneka zishiyane ngeshumi leminyaka. Ezi mvavanyo ezifana nezi zixelwe ngentla apha njengoko besele zichazwe njengezicutha ukubulawa sesi sifo ngamashumi amathandathu anesixhenxe ekhulwini yaye zithatyathwa njengeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu empokothweni yokulwa nesifo somhlaza wesibeleko apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini uneempawu ezithile okanye ukhe wenziwa uvavanyo olungakhange lufane nezinye mhlawumbi ngenxa yeempawu abe nazo okanye mhlawumbi kukho izikhokelo ezivela eklinikhi, umntu lowo angazifumana iimvavanyo ezisimahla sesifo somhlaza wesibeleko ngaphezu kwezo zintathu azifumanayo.
Ukuba umntu othile wasetyhini ufuna iimvavanyo zesi sifo ezingaphezu kwesithathu asifumana simahla, kuya kufuneka azihlawulele ngokwakhe ezo azo zongezelelwayo.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini lowo unama-55 nangaphezulu eminyaka ubudala ngexesha afumana uvavanyo lwakhe lokuqala lwesifo somhlaza wesibeleko, yaye uvavanyo olo alunamakhwiniba, akufuneki kuphindwe kwenziwe zimvavanyo kuye.
Ukufundiswa koluntu ekuhlaleni ngokubaluleka kweemvavanyo zesifo somhlaza wesibeleko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.D.32303.32303.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
iNkundla yoMgaqo-sisekoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kwimicimbi echaphazela uMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika. Izigqibo zale nkundla ngomgaqo-siseko ziyabophelela kuzo zonke ezinye iinkundla. Le nkundla yenziwa ziijaji ezilithoba. Intloko yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yiJaji Enkulu Yesizwe uPius Langa ze ijaji uDikgang Moseneke abe liSekela lakhe. Le nkundla ke iqale ukubakho kweli lizwe ngo-1994.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla kwiwebsite yenkundla yomgaqo-siseko.
iNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhenoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kuyo yonke imicimbi, ngaphandle kwaleyo ichaphazela umgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo, zonke iimeko zokufakwa kwezibheno zamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho ezisuka kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ziphelela kule nkundla, ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso ke sinento yokwenza nomthetho olawula umgaqo-siseko, apho ke iya kuba yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eya kuba nelizwi lokugqibela. INkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno yayisa kubizwa "iCandelo Lezibheno", njengoko ihlalela amatyala kwizibheno kuphela. Izigqibo zeNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ziyabophelela kuzo zonke iinkundla ezingaphantsi ngokwamagunya. UMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngobekekileyo uCT Howie ze obekekileyo naye uL Mpati abe lisekela lakhe.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
Elandelayo "kwinkundla ezimagunya makhulu" yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, eyayisa kubizwa iNkundla Ephakamileyo". Amacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo "anamagunya okugweba" - ilungelo lokuchophela ityala - kwiindawo ezithile azisikelweyo nabekwe kuzo, yaye izigqibo zeeNkundla Eziphakamileyo ziyabophelela kwiinkundla zoomantyi ezikwiindawo ezikuzo ezi ziphakamileyo. Amancandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo anelungelo lokuchophela amatyala nangayiphi na imicimbi kodwa ke kwiingingqi asikelwe zona, kodwa ke asoloko echophela imiba yeembambano zoluntu ebandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000, kwakunye namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. La macandelo akwachophela naziphi na izibheno ukuhlalutywa kwamatyala asuka kwiinkundla ezikumgangatho ongaphantsi (iinkundla zoomantyi) ezisebenza kwiingingqi zezi nkundla ziphakamileyo. INkundla Ephakamileyo ngokwesiqhelo ke ichophela nayiphi na imiba ubume bomntu othile (umzekelo, isicelo sokugcina kukhuliswe umntwana womnye umzali, ukubhanga komntu okanye ishishini).
Kufuneka kuhlanganwe neGqwetha Lemicimbi Yosapho kuyo yonke imicimbi echaphazela abantwana, njengoko iNkundla Ephakamileyo "ingumzali onamagunya amakhulu" kubo bonke abantwana baseMzantsi Afrika.
uMphathi weNkundla Ephakamileyo ugcina iimpepha ezinento yokwenza nempahla yabantu (abangasekhoyo okanye ababhangileyo).
uMthunywa weNkundla uhambisa iimpepha ezithile kubantu abathile kwityala lembambano, ze athimbe impahla xa efumene igunya lokwenza oko.
uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu, owayesa kubizwa ngjengeGqwetha Elikhulu, unoxanduva lokutshutshisa abaphuli-mthetho egameni lombuso.
Igqwetha Lombuso ligqwetha elimela umbuso kwiintshukumo zeembambano ezibandakanya umbuso (apho umbuso ufaka isimangalo okanye umangalelwa khona).
Okwakaloku nje kusekho ishumi "lamacandelo amaphondo" ale Nkundla Iphakamileyo kwakunye "namacandelo ezixeko" amathathu (acandelo lawo asebenza kwiingingqi ezithile azisikelwe ngamacandelo amaphondo ale nkundla ze abe namagunya kwiingingqi ezithile phantsi kwecandelo lephondo). La macandelo azixeko ke asasebenzisa indlela exesha likarhulumente wangaphambili elingaphambi kuka-1994, owayesebenza ngamaphandle namaphondo amane. Umzekelo, iCandelo lale Nkundla Iphakamileyo eliseKapa libizwa ngokuba yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika: iCandelo lePhondo leCape of Good Hope ze ijaji yalo eyongameleyo ibe nguJaji uJohn Hlophe.
Xa uMthetho Osaqulunqwayo Weenkundla Ezikumgangatho Ophakamileyo sele uwisiwe, kuya kubakho iCandelo leNkundla Ephakamileyo kwiphondo ngalinye kula asithoba eli lizwe, abe namagama angqamanayo nalawo amaphondo akuwo kwakunye "nezihlalo" ezingapha kwesinye kumaphondo athile. Iphondo leRhawuti liya kuba namacandelo amabini, elisemazantsi (iRhawuti) nelisemantla (iPitoli).
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 480 2411.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
iiNkundla Ezijikelezayo ziyingxenye yeNkundla Ephakamileyo. Zihlala ubuncinci kabini ngonyaka, yaye ziyajikeleza zandise iingingqi ezisemaphandleni ezinokuncedakala. Zingaqhagamsheleka ngokuthi umntu ahlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso zihlala kumacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo yaye ziquka iJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo encediswa ngumgcini-zincwadi onamava angekho ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka, gosa elo limele icandelo loshishino. Le nkundla ichophela zonke iimbambano eziphakathi komhlawuli-rhafu kunye necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika, apho imbambano ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu yengeniso engaphezu kwe-R100 000. Izibheno kwizigqibo zale nkundla zisiwa ngqo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno. Iimbambano zerhafu ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu engaphantsi kwe-R100 000 zisiwa kwiBhodi Yerhafu. USihlalo wale Bhodi Yerhafu ligqwetha, igqwetha elikhulu okanye umgcini-zincwadi osebenza kwicandelo labucala lezoshishino oqeshwe nguMongameli welizwe ngenjongo yokuba ngusihlalo wale Bhodi. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Eyodwa Yemicimbi Yerhafu Yengneniso ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhreno ze uqhagamshelane neBhodi Yerhafu ngokuthi uhlangane necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwakaloku nje kukwakho neeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye Neenkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi, ezinegunya lokugweba kwimicimbi yabasebenzi yaye zikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo. Noxa kunjalo, the umthetho osaqulunqwayo iSuperior Courts Bill uya kuziphelisa ezi nkundla zemicimbi yabasebenzi ze uzifake phantsi kweNkundla Ephakamileyo. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Ephakamileyo ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo okanye ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Ukususela ngo-1998,iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato zithe zakwazi ukuchophela naziphi na iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa komtshato - ngaphambi koko ke ezi nkundla zazichophela kuphela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato yabantu abamnyamawaphi na amatyala Zintathu ke ezi nkundla zalo msebenzi yaye zezi, iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato Ezisembindini, Ezikumntla-Mpuma Nezikumazantsi, yaye ezi nkundla zenzelwe ukuchophela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato engenzima kuyaphi ngokukhawuleza nangendlela engatyi kakhulu empokothweni. INkundla Ekumazantsi Yokuqhawulwa Komtshato yinkundla yokuqhawulwa komtshato enegunya lokuchophela iimbambano zokuqhawulwa komtshato eNtshona Kapa, yaye inee-ofisi kwiZiko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho eKapa ze kubekho nenye iofisi encinane eMitchell's Plain. Ungaqhagamshelana neli Ziko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla kaMantyi yaseKapa.
iNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba ikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo kodwa ke izimele ayixhomekekanga kule iphakamileyo. Le nkundla yasekwa ngo-1996 yaye ichophela amatyala anento yokwenza nokubuyiswa kwemihlaba eyathatyathwa ngexesha lenkqubo yobandlululo (amatyala okulungiswa kwemicimbi echaphazela imihlaba). INkundla Yamabango Emihlaba inemigaqo yayo yaye ivumelekile ukuba iqhube iinkqubo zayo noluntu ngaphandle kokuba senkundleni nangezinye iindlela ezingaqhelekanga (apho ijaji ibuza amangqina, ingagqithi kumagqwetha awo) yaye le nkundla ingalichophela ityala naphi na apho ithande ukulichophela khona, nangona eyona ofisi yayo nje iseRandburg. Izibheno zithunyelwa kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso siqonde kumcimbi womgaqo-siseko, meko leyo ke iya kunyanzelisa ukuba isibheno eso sithunyelwe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko. uMongameli weNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba nguFikile Bam.
Ungafikelela kwizigwebo zeNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba apha.
iNkundla Yamanzi enegunya lokuchophela amatyala kuwo onke amaphondo yaye amagosa ayo ngusihlalo, isekela lakhe namalungu ongezelelweyo. Inegunya lokungenelela igwebe kwimicimbi ebandakanya amanzi. Amalungu eNkundla Yamanzi kufuneka abe nolwazi lomthetho, ubunjineli ulawulo lwezibonelelo zamanzi okanye ulwazi lwecandelo elisondeleyo. La malungu aqeshwa nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso zeKomishoni Yeenkonzo Zomthetho, eliqumrhu elichonga iijaji. Le Nkundla Yamanzi ithabathe indawo yeNkundla Yamanzi ngo-1998. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Yamanzi ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso(iTRC) yayingeyonkundla iyiyo kodwa isikhundla nje esahlukileyo esasisekelwe ukuchophela amatyala ngexesha lobandlululo egameni lombuso welo xesha. Ikomiti Yoxolelwaniso yayinamagunya okuxolela (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umenzi wobubi akanakutshutshiswa) abenzi bobubi bopolitiko eluntwini abavumileyo nabaxele konke abakwaziyo, oko ke kukuthi inyaniso, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. IKomiti Eyayijongene Nokunyhashwa Kwamalungelo Oluntu yayiyiyo ethabatha izigqibo ngokuba zeziphi na izenzo ezazikukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo ezanikezelwa kule komishoni yenyaniso noxolelwaniso. Emva kokuchongwa kwamaxhoba okunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, loo maxhoba ayethunyelwa kwiKomiti Yezilungiso Nokuthuthuzelwa, eyayithabatha izigqibo ngokuba mawabuyekezwe njani na amaxhoba lawo. Imisebenzi yale komishoni sele usiya ekuqoshelisweni. Abo bangazange bafumane kuxolelwa yiKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso ngezenzo ezibi abazenzayo ngexesha lobandlululo bangatshutshiswa.
iiNkundla Zoomantyi ziinkundla ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi nezichophela namatyala amaninzi. Zahlula-hlulwe yaziinkundla zemimandla neenkundla zezithili. Zingaphezu kwama-400 iinkundla zoomantyi eMzantsi Afrika. Azinalo igunya lokungenelela nokuchophela amatyala eembambano abandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000 (ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bavumelana ekubebi behlise isixa eso sibe ngaphantsi kwe-R100 000). Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, amatyala amakhulu anobuzaza olwaphulo achotshelwa ziinkundla zemimandla. Oku ke kungenxa yokuba iinkundla zezithili azinakho ukuwisa izigwebo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu kumntu ofunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho. Awona matyala olwaphulo-mthetho amasikizi kakhulu achotshelwa yiNkundla Ephakamileyo. Kukwakho nothotho lweenkundla zoomantyi ezenziwe zakhetheka ukwenzela zikwazi ukumelana neentlobo ezithile zamatyala, nkundla ezo zifana nenkundla yamatyala odlwengulo eseWynberg.
iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zinegunya lokuchophela lonke ityala lembambano elibandakanya imali engaphantsi kwama-R3000, ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bayavumelana ekubeni basehlise esi sixa sibe ngaphantsi kwesi sixa. Ijaji yeNkundla Yamabango Amancinci ibizwa ngokuba ngumkomishinala yaye idla ngokuba ligqwetha elikhulu elisebenzayo, igqwetha okanye isifundiswa kwezomthetho osebenza njengomkomishinala ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa. Ummangali nommangalelwa abavumelekanga ukuba babe namagqwetha aza kubamela. Isigwebo salo mkomishinala asiphikiseki yaye asinakwenzelwa sibheno kwinkundla enkulu kunale. Ungaqhagamshelana neyona Nkundla Yamabango Amancinci ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi udlule kweyona Nkundla kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe.
iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani nazo zikwanawo amagunya okuchophela amatyala athile kwinqanaba leenkundla zoomantyi. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuchophela amatyala eembambano ezibandakanya izithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yomthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe. Isikhulu esigunyazisiweyo kwintlalo nempilo yabemi bomthonyama okanye okanye isekela saso bangathabatha izigqibo ngamatyala besebenzisa umthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe, k tyala elo lisiwe kuloo nkundla ngummi womthonyama emangalela omnye ummi womthonyama kwingingqi esinegunya lokulawula kuyo eso sikhulu. Ezi nkundla ke zaziwa kakuhle njengeeenkundla zeenkosi. Umntu onebango afuna ukulisa enkundleni uyazikhethela ukuba alise enkundleni yenkosi okanye enkundleni kamantyi na elo bango. Qhagamshelana nenkosi yakho ukuba ungathanda ukusa ibango lakho lixoxwe kule nkundla yenkosi.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.D.32303.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
iNkundla yoMgaqo-sisekoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kwimicimbi echaphazela uMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika. Izigqibo zale nkundla ngomgaqo-siseko ziyabophelela kuzo zonke ezinye iinkundla. Le nkundla yenziwa ziijaji ezilithoba. Intloko yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yiJaji Enkulu Yesizwe uPius Langa ze ijaji uDikgang Moseneke abe liSekela lakhe. Le nkundla ke iqale ukubakho kweli lizwe ngo-1994.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla kwiwebsite yenkundla yomgaqo-siseko.
iNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhenoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kuyo yonke imicimbi, ngaphandle kwaleyo ichaphazela umgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo, zonke iimeko zokufakwa kwezibheno zamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho ezisuka kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ziphelela kule nkundla, ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso ke sinento yokwenza nomthetho olawula umgaqo-siseko, apho ke iya kuba yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eya kuba nelizwi lokugqibela. INkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno yayisa kubizwa "iCandelo Lezibheno", njengoko ihlalela amatyala kwizibheno kuphela. Izigqibo zeNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ziyabophelela kuzo zonke iinkundla ezingaphantsi ngokwamagunya. UMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngobekekileyo uCT Howie ze obekekileyo naye uL Mpati abe lisekela lakhe.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
Elandelayo "kwinkundla ezimagunya makhulu" yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, eyayisa kubizwa iNkundla Ephakamileyo". Amacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo "anamagunya okugweba" - ilungelo lokuchophela ityala - kwiindawo ezithile azisikelweyo nabekwe kuzo, yaye izigqibo zeeNkundla Eziphakamileyo ziyabophelela kwiinkundla zoomantyi ezikwiindawo ezikuzo ezi ziphakamileyo. Amancandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo anelungelo lokuchophela amatyala nangayiphi na imicimbi kodwa ke kwiingingqi asikelwe zona, kodwa ke asoloko echophela imiba yeembambano zoluntu ebandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000, kwakunye namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. La macandelo akwachophela naziphi na izibheno ukuhlalutywa kwamatyala asuka kwiinkundla ezikumgangatho ongaphantsi (iinkundla zoomantyi) ezisebenza kwiingingqi zezi nkundla ziphakamileyo. INkundla Ephakamileyo ngokwesiqhelo ke ichophela nayiphi na imiba ubume bomntu othile (umzekelo, isicelo sokugcina kukhuliswe umntwana womnye umzali, ukubhanga komntu okanye ishishini).
Kufuneka kuhlanganwe neGqwetha Lemicimbi Yosapho kuyo yonke imicimbi echaphazela abantwana, njengoko iNkundla Ephakamileyo "ingumzali onamagunya amakhulu" kubo bonke abantwana baseMzantsi Afrika.
uMphathi weNkundla Ephakamileyo ugcina iimpepha ezinento yokwenza nempahla yabantu (abangasekhoyo okanye ababhangileyo).
uMthunywa weNkundla uhambisa iimpepha ezithile kubantu abathile kwityala lembambano, ze athimbe impahla xa efumene igunya lokwenza oko.
uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu, owayesa kubizwa ngjengeGqwetha Elikhulu, unoxanduva lokutshutshisa abaphuli-mthetho egameni lombuso.
Igqwetha Lombuso ligqwetha elimela umbuso kwiintshukumo zeembambano ezibandakanya umbuso (apho umbuso ufaka isimangalo okanye umangalelwa khona).
Okwakaloku nje kusekho ishumi "lamacandelo amaphondo" ale Nkundla Iphakamileyo kwakunye "namacandelo ezixeko" amathathu (acandelo lawo asebenza kwiingingqi ezithile azisikelwe ngamacandelo amaphondo ale nkundla ze abe namagunya kwiingingqi ezithile phantsi kwecandelo lephondo). La macandelo azixeko ke asasebenzisa indlela exesha likarhulumente wangaphambili elingaphambi kuka-1994, owayesebenza ngamaphandle namaphondo amane. Umzekelo, iCandelo lale Nkundla Iphakamileyo eliseKapa libizwa ngokuba yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika: iCandelo lePhondo leCape of Good Hope ze ijaji yalo eyongameleyo ibe nguJaji uJohn Hlophe.
Xa uMthetho Osaqulunqwayo Weenkundla Ezikumgangatho Ophakamileyo sele uwisiwe, kuya kubakho iCandelo leNkundla Ephakamileyo kwiphondo ngalinye kula asithoba eli lizwe, abe namagama angqamanayo nalawo amaphondo akuwo kwakunye "nezihlalo" ezingapha kwesinye kumaphondo athile. Iphondo leRhawuti liya kuba namacandelo amabini, elisemazantsi (iRhawuti) nelisemantla (iPitoli).
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 480 2411.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
iiNkundla Ezijikelezayo ziyingxenye yeNkundla Ephakamileyo. Zihlala ubuncinci kabini ngonyaka, yaye ziyajikeleza zandise iingingqi ezisemaphandleni ezinokuncedakala. Zingaqhagamsheleka ngokuthi umntu ahlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso zihlala kumacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo yaye ziquka iJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo encediswa ngumgcini-zincwadi onamava angekho ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka, gosa elo limele icandelo loshishino. Le nkundla ichophela zonke iimbambano eziphakathi komhlawuli-rhafu kunye necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika, apho imbambano ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu yengeniso engaphezu kwe-R100 000. Izibheno kwizigqibo zale nkundla zisiwa ngqo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno. Iimbambano zerhafu ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu engaphantsi kwe-R100 000 zisiwa kwiBhodi Yerhafu. USihlalo wale Bhodi Yerhafu ligqwetha, igqwetha elikhulu okanye umgcini-zincwadi osebenza kwicandelo labucala lezoshishino oqeshwe nguMongameli welizwe ngenjongo yokuba ngusihlalo wale Bhodi. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Eyodwa Yemicimbi Yerhafu Yengneniso ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhreno ze uqhagamshelane neBhodi Yerhafu ngokuthi uhlangane necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwakaloku nje kukwakho neeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye Neenkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi, ezinegunya lokugweba kwimicimbi yabasebenzi yaye zikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo. Noxa kunjalo, the umthetho osaqulunqwayo iSuperior Courts Bill uya kuziphelisa ezi nkundla zemicimbi yabasebenzi ze uzifake phantsi kweNkundla Ephakamileyo. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Ephakamileyo ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo okanye ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Ukususela ngo-1998,iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato zithe zakwazi ukuchophela naziphi na iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa komtshato - ngaphambi koko ke ezi nkundla zazichophela kuphela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato yabantu abamnyamawaphi na amatyala Zintathu ke ezi nkundla zalo msebenzi yaye zezi, iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato Ezisembindini, Ezikumntla-Mpuma Nezikumazantsi, yaye ezi nkundla zenzelwe ukuchophela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato engenzima kuyaphi ngokukhawuleza nangendlela engatyi kakhulu empokothweni. INkundla Ekumazantsi Yokuqhawulwa Komtshato yinkundla yokuqhawulwa komtshato enegunya lokuchophela iimbambano zokuqhawulwa komtshato eNtshona Kapa, yaye inee-ofisi kwiZiko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho eKapa ze kubekho nenye iofisi encinane eMitchell's Plain. Ungaqhagamshelana neli Ziko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla kaMantyi yaseKapa.
iNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba ikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo kodwa ke izimele ayixhomekekanga kule iphakamileyo. Le nkundla yasekwa ngo-1996 yaye ichophela amatyala anento yokwenza nokubuyiswa kwemihlaba eyathatyathwa ngexesha lenkqubo yobandlululo (amatyala okulungiswa kwemicimbi echaphazela imihlaba). INkundla Yamabango Emihlaba inemigaqo yayo yaye ivumelekile ukuba iqhube iinkqubo zayo noluntu ngaphandle kokuba senkundleni nangezinye iindlela ezingaqhelekanga (apho ijaji ibuza amangqina, ingagqithi kumagqwetha awo) yaye le nkundla ingalichophela ityala naphi na apho ithande ukulichophela khona, nangona eyona ofisi yayo nje iseRandburg. Izibheno zithunyelwa kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso siqonde kumcimbi womgaqo-siseko, meko leyo ke iya kunyanzelisa ukuba isibheno eso sithunyelwe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko. uMongameli weNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba nguFikile Bam.
Ungafikelela kwizigwebo zeNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba apha.
iNkundla Yamanzi enegunya lokuchophela amatyala kuwo onke amaphondo yaye amagosa ayo ngusihlalo, isekela lakhe namalungu ongezelelweyo. Inegunya lokungenelela igwebe kwimicimbi ebandakanya amanzi. Amalungu eNkundla Yamanzi kufuneka abe nolwazi lomthetho, ubunjineli ulawulo lwezibonelelo zamanzi okanye ulwazi lwecandelo elisondeleyo. La malungu aqeshwa nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso zeKomishoni Yeenkonzo Zomthetho, eliqumrhu elichonga iijaji. Le Nkundla Yamanzi ithabathe indawo yeNkundla Yamanzi ngo-1998. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Yamanzi ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso(iTRC) yayingeyonkundla iyiyo kodwa isikhundla nje esahlukileyo esasisekelwe ukuchophela amatyala ngexesha lobandlululo egameni lombuso welo xesha. Ikomiti Yoxolelwaniso yayinamagunya okuxolela (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umenzi wobubi akanakutshutshiswa) abenzi bobubi bopolitiko eluntwini abavumileyo nabaxele konke abakwaziyo, oko ke kukuthi inyaniso, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. IKomiti Eyayijongene Nokunyhashwa Kwamalungelo Oluntu yayiyiyo ethabatha izigqibo ngokuba zeziphi na izenzo ezazikukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo ezanikezelwa kule komishoni yenyaniso noxolelwaniso. Emva kokuchongwa kwamaxhoba okunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, loo maxhoba ayethunyelwa kwiKomiti Yezilungiso Nokuthuthuzelwa, eyayithabatha izigqibo ngokuba mawabuyekezwe njani na amaxhoba lawo. Imisebenzi yale komishoni sele usiya ekuqoshelisweni. Abo bangazange bafumane kuxolelwa yiKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso ngezenzo ezibi abazenzayo ngexesha lobandlululo bangatshutshiswa.
iiNkundla Zoomantyi ziinkundla ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi nezichophela namatyala amaninzi. Zahlula-hlulwe yaziinkundla zemimandla neenkundla zezithili. Zingaphezu kwama-400 iinkundla zoomantyi eMzantsi Afrika. Azinalo igunya lokungenelela nokuchophela amatyala eembambano abandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000 (ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bavumelana ekubebi behlise isixa eso sibe ngaphantsi kwe-R100 000). Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, amatyala amakhulu anobuzaza olwaphulo achotshelwa ziinkundla zemimandla. Oku ke kungenxa yokuba iinkundla zezithili azinakho ukuwisa izigwebo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu kumntu ofunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho. Awona matyala olwaphulo-mthetho amasikizi kakhulu achotshelwa yiNkundla Ephakamileyo. Kukwakho nothotho lweenkundla zoomantyi ezenziwe zakhetheka ukwenzela zikwazi ukumelana neentlobo ezithile zamatyala, nkundla ezo zifana nenkundla yamatyala odlwengulo eseWynberg.
iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zinegunya lokuchophela lonke ityala lembambano elibandakanya imali engaphantsi kwama-R3000, ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bayavumelana ekubeni basehlise esi sixa sibe ngaphantsi kwesi sixa. Ijaji yeNkundla Yamabango Amancinci ibizwa ngokuba ngumkomishinala yaye idla ngokuba ligqwetha elikhulu elisebenzayo, igqwetha okanye isifundiswa kwezomthetho osebenza njengomkomishinala ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa. Ummangali nommangalelwa abavumelekanga ukuba babe namagqwetha aza kubamela. Isigwebo salo mkomishinala asiphikiseki yaye asinakwenzelwa sibheno kwinkundla enkulu kunale. Ungaqhagamshelana neyona Nkundla Yamabango Amancinci ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi udlule kweyona Nkundla kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe.
iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani nazo zikwanawo amagunya okuchophela amatyala athile kwinqanaba leenkundla zoomantyi. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuchophela amatyala eembambano ezibandakanya izithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yomthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe. Isikhulu esigunyazisiweyo kwintlalo nempilo yabemi bomthonyama okanye okanye isekela saso bangathabatha izigqibo ngamatyala besebenzisa umthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe, k tyala elo lisiwe kuloo nkundla ngummi womthonyama emangalela omnye ummi womthonyama kwingingqi esinegunya lokulawula kuyo eso sikhulu. Ezi nkundla ke zaziwa kakuhle njengeeenkundla zeenkosi. Umntu onebango afuna ukulisa enkundleni uyazikhethela ukuba alise enkundleni yenkosi okanye enkundleni kamantyi na elo bango. Qhagamshelana nenkosi yakho ukuba ungathanda ukusa ibango lakho lixoxwe kule nkundla yenkosi.
Don't understand government jargon or an acronym Use the GLOSSARY?
| QUESTIONS Just ask us: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.F.116621.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabantu abahlala kwiindaw abaziqeshileyo nabaqeshe iindawo zokuhlala kubanini-mihlaba okanye kwabo basebenzela abo banini-mihlaba.
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndityikitye Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Nomnini-mhlaba?
Ingaba Zeziphi Iinkcukacha Ekufuneka Zikwesi Sivumelwano Sokuhlala Sibhaliweyo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndihlawule Idipozithi?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Kwidipozithi Yam Ngelixa Ndisahlala Kule Ndawo?
Ingaba Yontoni Ekufuneka Eyenzile Umnini-mhlaba Ukugcina Indaw Yakhe Isemgangathweni?
Ingaba Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukuba Umnini-mhlaba Wala Ukulungisa Izinto Abethembise Ukuzilungisa?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angangena Kule Ndaw Ndihlala Kuyo Ngaphandle Kokufumana Imvume Kum?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angasuke Anyuse Imali Yerente Xa Efuna?
Ingaba Angayishusa Ngamalini Irente Umnini-mhlaba Xa Ndihlaziya Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam?
Ndingenza Ntoni Ukuba Umnini-mhlaba Uthi Andiyihlawulanga Irente Ndibe Ndiyihlawule?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angayithimba Impahla Yam Xa Ndisilela Ekuhlawuleni Irente?
Ndingasaphula Njani Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Ngaphambi Kwexesha Ebesivumelene Ngalo?
Isivimelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Siphele Kwezi Nyanga Zimbalwa Zidlulileyo. Kufuneka Ndinikezele Isaziso Sexesha Elingakanani Phambi Kokuba Ndiphume?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Anganditshixela Ngaphandle?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angala Ukundibuyisela Idipozithi Yam?
Yeyiphi Imithetho Elawula Izivumelwano Zokuqeshiswa Kwezakhiwo?
Ngubani Onokundinceda Xa Ndinengxaki Nomnini-mhlaba Endinxuse Kuye?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isikhalazo Kwinkundla Ejongana Nezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Ndingaqhagamshelana Njani neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela ngokufanayo neso sibhalwe phantsi. Noko kunjaloke noko, ukuba kudingeka isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi ukuze ube nokuhlala kuloo ndawo ze wale ukusityikitya, akukho sivumelwano apho yaye akunakho ukungena uhlale kuloo ndawo ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuba ubukhe wahlala kwindaw oyiqeshayo ixesha elithile ngesivumelwano esithethwe ngomlomo ze emva koko umnini-mhlaba low akucele ukuba utyikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala esibhaliweyo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba usityikitye eso sibhambathiso xa sinemiqathango eyahlukileyo kuleyo beniyenze ngomlomo. Umnini-mhlaba lowo yena kufuneka athetha-thethane nawe ngaloo miqathango mitsha, aqiniseke ngesivumelwano sakho kuqala.
Ukhumbule ke ukuba kuba ngcono nangakumbi kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale phantsi isivumelwano sesibhambathiso senu, nibeke elubala imiqathango yeso sivumelwano. Oku kuya kudlala indima enkulu kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuvela phakathi kwenu ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomnini-mhlaba umzekelo, ngubani onoxanduva lokulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, amatyala ombane nawokuthuthwa kwenkukuma?
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo, ezityikitywe nini nobabini, kufuneka ihlanganiswe nesivumelwano sesibhambathiso sokuhlala.
Uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo, olwakhiwe nini nobabini xa benihlola ekungeneni kwakho nolutyikitywe nini nobabini, kufuneka luluhlanganiswe nesivumelwano eso.
Ewe, ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyayifuna yaye ikhankanyiwe kwisivumelwano sokuhlala. Ukuba imiqathango yesivumelwano senu sokuqala, nokuba benisenze ngomlomo okanye ngembalelwano, ayikhankanye idipozithi, akufunekanga ke uyihlawule ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi ekuhambeni kwexesha akucele ukuba uyihlawule. Iinguqu kwisivumelwano zingasebenza kuphela xa wena nomnini-mhlaba nivumelana koko.
Umnini-mhlaba okanye ke umntu/inkampani esebenza egameni lakhe kufuneka agcine idipozithi yakho kwi-akhawunti eza kukunika inzala (okanye ke kwi-akhawunti yombutho, xa iyinkampani esebenzela umnini-mhlaba) ngalo lonke ixesha usebenzisa indaw yabo. Idipozithi yakho epheleleyo, ndawonye kwakunye nenzala efumanekileyo, kufuneka ibuyiselwe kuwe xa uphuma kuloo ndawo gaphandle kweendleko zezinto ekufuneka uzihlawule kuba uzonakalisile ngeli xesha uhlala apho kwakunye nazo zonke iimali ekufuneka uzinike umnini-mhlaba ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano enasityikityayo.
Kuxhomekeka ke ekubeni sithini na isibhambathiso sesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho apho. Ngokwesiqhelo, umnini-mhlaba ugcina ze alungise umphandle wesi sakhiwo ze umhlali lowo uqeshileyo yena abe noxanduva lokujongana nomphakathi.
Faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Umnini-mhlaba unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo asihlole njalo-njalo, kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba ekwazise kwangexesha ukuze nivumelane ngexesha elikulungeleyo nawe. Akunalo wena ilungelo lokumvimba ilungelo lakhe lokungena kule ndlu ngamaxesha nezizathu ezifanelekileyo.
Hayi, isivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho apho okanye isivumelwano enasenza ngomlomo siso esidiza ukuba irente le iya kwenyuswa nini, ngamalini na. No, the lease or verbal agreement determines when, and by how much, your rent can be increased. Ukuba isivumelwano esi asichazi ukuba irente le iya kwenyuswa ngamalini okanye nini na, umnini-mhlaba kuya kufuneka athetha-thethane nawe ngalo mba. Akukho mntu, wena okanye umnini-mhlaba, unokwenza iinguqu kwisivumelwano senu sokuqala ngaphandle kokuqala azise omnye kuqala.
Oku ke kunento yokwenza kakhulu nokuhlaziywa kwesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho kweso sakhiwo. Ukuba isivumelwano eso asiyichazi ngokucacileyo indaba yokwenyuswa kwerente, umnini-mhlaba lowo kufuneka atheha-thethane nawe ngesixa serente esamkelekileyo.
Kuluxanduva lwakhjo ke ukuqinisekisa ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyayifumana irente leyo, ngoko ke kuba semagxeni akho ukunikezela ngobungqina bokuba ngokwenene uhlawule (umzekelo, iphetshana lasebhankini eliqinisekisa oko). Ukuba akukwazi, umnini-mhlaba uya kuba nakho ukukunika isaziso ngokweimiqathango yesivumelwano senu ke phofu ze acele nomyalelo wenkundla ogunyazisa ukuba ukhutshwe kweso sakhiwo.
Kulilungelo lakho, ngokwemigaq yomthetho iRental Housing Act (Act 50 ka-1999), ukunyanzelisa ukufumana isiqinisekiso sazo zonke iintlawulo okhe wazenza ukuba umnini-mhlaba lowo akakuniki.
Ixesha eyenzelwa lona le ntlawulo (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwayo). Ukuba umnini-mhlaba low uyala ukukunika isiqinisekiso sentlawulo yakho, faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Kuya kufuneka afumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. Ze emva koko ke uMthunywa weNkundla abe nokuthimba impahla yakho ukuze kufumaneke imali le uyityalayo. Ukuba umnini-mpahla uthi athimbe impahla yakho ngaphandle komyalelo wenkundla, oko kuthatyathwa njengobusela yaye kuya kufuneka uhlangane namapolisa oMzantsi Afrika ze ufake nesikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Kuxhomekeke ebukhweni kumhlathi othetha ngokurhoxiswa kwesi sivumelwano. Ukuba akukho mhlathi unjalo eyona ndlela yokurhoxisa isibhambathiso sokuhlala ngaphandle kokwaphula izigqibo kuxa umnini-mhlaba evuma ukuba ungasophula okanye ukuba naye usophule (umzekelo, ngokungaphumeleli ukulungisa umphandle wesi sakhiwo, ngokwezigqibo ezikwisibhambathiso, yaye ke oku kukwenza wena ungabi nakho ukuhlala kwesi sakhiwo. Kodwa ke kuya kufuneka unike ubungqina boku).
Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyifezekisile yonke imiqathango yesi sivumelwano, usenakho nalapho ukusiphelisa ngaphambi kwexesha enanivumelene ngaso esi sivumelwano kodwa ke uya kube wophula izigqibo. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba umnini-mhlaba anganyanzelisa ukuba umhlawule imali yonke imali eseleyo yexesha lesi sivumelwano, yaye ungaphulukana nedipozithi yakho.
Thetha nomnini-mhlabaa low phambi kokuba wenze nayiphi na intshukumo: kuba kaloku abaninzi bangakuvumela uqeshise omnye umntu kwalapho okanye bakuvumele urhoxise isivumelwano sokuhlala ngaphambi kwexesha lesivumelwano - xa uthe wamnika umntu nook ixesha elaneleyo lokukhangela omnye umntu okanye xa uthe wafumana omnye umntu onamelana nayo yonke imiqathango yeso sibhambathiso. Ukuba umnini-mhlaba low uthi avume ukuba urhoxise eso sivumelwano ngaphambi kwexesha, qiniseka ke ukuba ukutsho oko ngembalelwano, apho akhankanya imiqathango yokophulwa kweso sigqibo.
Jonga isivumelwano sakho sangaphambili ukhangele umhlathi othetha ngomba wokuhlaziywa kwaso okhankanya ukuba kufuneka unikezele ixesha elingakanani lesaziso kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba awukho umhlathi othetha ngokuhlaziywa kwesivumelwano, nina nobabini ke, ngokweentshukumo nezenzo zenu, nisihlaziyile isivumelwano sokuqala enanivumelene ngaso, kwangemiqathango efanayo, kwangexesha elifanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba uya kuvuselela umhlathi othetha ngokurhoxa kwisivumelwano wesivumelwano esingaphambili, ukuba besikho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kweso sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle komhlathi ojongana nokurhoxa, eyona ndlela yokuphuma kwesi sibhambathiso bekuya kuba kukunika umnini-mhlaba isaziso senyanga, ngembalelwano, phambi kokuphela kwesibhambathiso eso. Ngoko ke ukuba ubusele ufikelela ekupheleni kwesibhambathiso seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekufuneka wazise umnini-mhlaba lowo, ngembalelwanon ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye.
Hayi. Umnini-mhlaba kufuneka akunike isitshixo sesibini ngoko nangoko ukuba uthi atshintshe iingcango ngenxa yokonakala okanye ke ngenxa yesinye nje isizathu esibambekayo.
Idipozithi le yenzelwe ukujongana nezo ziphene kanye, yaye nayiphi na imali oyityala umnini-mhlaba lowo ngenxa yezinto ezonakeleyo kuloo ndlu, ezigqithayo kuloo mali unayo.
Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi ayigcine idipozithi yakho ze angabi nakukunika ubungqina beendleko athe wamelana nazo, kuya kufuneka uye kufaka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Xa ungena, hlola le ndawo kunye nomnini-mhlaba ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na iziphene enithi nihlangane nazo. Nobabini wena nomnini-mhlaba kufuneka nilutyikitye olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luhlanganiswe nesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho.
Xa uphuma, phindani nihlole indawo leyo kunye. Thelekisa uluhlu olutsha lweziphene nolo lwalwenziwe ngaphambili.
Ungalinikwa ithuba lokulungisa iziphene ezo, okanye nifikelele kwisigqibo sokuba umnini-mhlaba akwenze oko. Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi alungise ezo ziphene, unelungelo lokubona zonke iziqinisekiso zezinto azithengileyo nazenzileyo kuloo dipozithi yakho.
IUkuba iziphene ezo zibiza ngaphantsi kwedipozithi, obunayo apho, nenzala yayo, umnini-mhlaba low kuya kufuneka akunike intsalela.
Qhagamshelana neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeashisayo uukba unengxaki.
yiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo elifumaneka kule website ze ulingenise ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuqesha indaw yokuhlala kwakunye nemeko yokuqesha yahlukene. Ukuba unesikrokr sokuba umnini-mhlaba wendawo oyiqeshileyo ikho into engekho mthethweni ayenzayo, hlangana neNkundla yaseNtshona Koloni Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke uhlangane negqwetha ukuze likunike iingcebiso zomthetho.
Don't understand government jargon or an acronym Use the GLOSSARY?
| QUESTIONS Just ask us: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.F.116633.116633.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ke ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabanini-mihlaba abaqeshisa ngezakhiwo ukuze kuhlale abanye abantu.
Ingaba kufuneka ndityikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala nomntu oqeshe umhlaba wam ukuze ahlale?
Zeziphi iinkcukacha ekufuneka zibekho kwisivumelwano sokuqeshisa ngendawo yokuhlala?
Ndingayijonga njani imvelaphi yomntu ofake isicelo sokuhlala endaweni yam?
Ingaba kufuneka ndifune idipozithi?
Zeziphi izilungiso ekufuneka ezenzile umhlali lo?
Ndingayenyusa na irente phakathi kwixesha lesivumelwano sokuhlala?
Ndingayenyusa ngamalini irente xa ndihlaziya isivumelwano sokuhlala?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshise kwindawo yam engayihlawuli ngexesha irente?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshileyo esithi uyihlawule irente kodwa ndibe mna ndingekayifumani?
Ingaba ndingayithimba impahla yomqeshi ukuba usemva ngerente?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala salo mntu ndimqeshisileyo siphele kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo. Ingaba kufuneka ndimazise kwisithuba sexesha elingakanani, xa ndifuna aphume?
Ndingamkhupha njani umntu oqeshe endaweni yam?
Ingaba ndingayifaka impahla ngaphandle kwemvume yomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ingaba ndingazitshintsha izitshixo ze nditshixele umntu oqeshe kum ngaphandle?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa abamelwane bekhalaza ngomntu oqeshe indawo yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa ndirhanela ukuba umntu oqeshe kum ubandakanyeka kwiintyshukumo ezingekho mthethweni endaweni yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshe kum eyonakalisile indawo yam?
Yeyiphi imithetho elawula izivumelwano zokuqeshisa?
Ngubani onokundinceda xa ndinengxaki nomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo kwiNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Isivumelwano esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela njengeso sibhalwe phantsi, kodwa ke ukuba umqeshi lowo unyanzelisa ekubeni nenze isivuelwano esibhalwe phantsi, kufuneka ukuthobele oko. Kungcono ke ngoko, kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale isivumelwano senu ukuze nithi thaca imigaqo nemiqathango enivumelene ngayo. Oku ke kuya kunceda kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuthi zibe nokuvela ekuhambeni kwexesha, xa ungavani nalo mntu uqeshe kule ndawo yakho.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomntu oqeshileyo umzekelo, ngubani omele ukulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, umbane kwakunye namatyala ezibonelelo Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umqeshi lo uhlawula zonke iintlawulo zezinto neenkonzo azifuneyo wazisebenzisa, ezifana namanzi nombane, ze umnini-mhlaba yena ahlawule zonke iintlawulo ezinento yokwenza nesakhiwo eso, ezifana ke nezibonelelo?
Imiqathango umqeshi okanye wena onokunikezela phantsi kwayo isaziso sokurhoxa kwisibhambathiso eso (umzekelo, ukuba kukho izinto ezithile ezithe azalungiswa, okanye ukuba umqeshi lowo usemva ekuhlawuleni irente).
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo - etyikitywe ngumqeshi lowo nomnini-mhlaba, kufuneka incanyathiselwe kwisivumelwano eso.
Kufuneka kudweliswe uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo xa umqeshi nomnini-mhlaba behlola-hlola phambi kokuba umqeshi lo angene ahlale kwesi sakhiwo. Olu luhlu ke kufuneka lutyikitywe nguwe nomqeshi lowo ze luncanyaqthiselwe kwisivumelwano eso sokuhlala.
Thetha nomnini-sakhiwo umntu lowo ufuna ukuqesha kuwe asaqeshe kuye ukuze ufumane iindlela zakhe zokuhlawula nokuziphatha. Ikwangumbono omhle ukuthetha nabanini-mihlaba bal mqeshwa bangaphambili, kuba umnini-mhlaba asahlala kuye lo mntu esenokuthetha kakuhle ngaye kuba efuna nje indlela yokumsusda kwindawo yakhe, ze futhi ufumane nencwadana yembalelwano esuka kumqeshi womntu lowo unomdla wokuqesha kuwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqeshwe isigxina apho nokuba wamkela malini na.
Ewe, kulungile oko ukuze uyifake loo dipozithi kweso sivumelwano. Ukhumbule ke kodwa ukuba le dipozithi kufuneka ifakwe kwi-account eza kuza nenzala ngalo lonke ixesha lesi sivumelwano sokuhlala kwaloo mqeshi kweso sakhiwo ze inikezelwe kumnini-yo nenzala yayo, ekuphumeni komqeshi kwisakhiwo eso.
Ukuba ke, umqeshi lo uphume kwisakhiwo sakho esakubamba imali, okanye ukuba uyonakalisile indawo leyo yakho ngendlela embi kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa le dipozithi ekulungiseni loo monakalo nasekuzihlawuleni loo mali asakubamba yona.
Khawujonge apha YINTONI ENDINOKUYENZA UKUBA UMQESHI UYONAKALISILE INDAWO YAM ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngedipozithi?
Oko kuxhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umnini-mhlaba ulungisa umphandle wesakhiwo ze umqeshi yena alungise umphakathi.
Hayi akunakho ngaphandle kokuba isivumelwano sokuhlala sikhankanya ukuba ungakwenza oko. Ukuba uyafuna, ungafaka icandelwana kwisivumelwano sokuqala apho udwelisa imiqathango enokukuvumela ukuba wenyuse irente (umzekelo, ukuba ziyenyuka izibonelelo).
Loo nto kaloku ixhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ukuba isivumelwano senu asichazi sixa sithile ekonyusweni kwerente, kuya kufuneka uthetha-theathane ze uvane ngeso sixa naloo mntu uqeshileyo..
Ngokuphandle, umqeshi lo uwophule isivumelwano senu. Buya ke uphinde ujonge icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso (okanye ke ukuba isivumelwano eso besenziwe ngomlomo, ujonge imiqathango ebekuvunyelwene ngayo ekwaphulweni kwesi sivumelwano) ze wenze okufanelekileyo.
Ukuba aninaso isiumelwano sokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso, kuyinto elungileyo ukubhalela loo mqeshi incwandi yembalelwano apho umnika iintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuba ahlawule, ekuya kuthi ukuba akakwazi urhoxise isivumelwano eso sokuhlala kwakhe.
Kuluxanduva lomntu oqeshe endaweni yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyayifumana irente, ngoko ke loo mqeshi kuya kufuneka akubonise ubungqina bokuba uyenzile intlawulo (umzekelo, iphetshana elibubungqina bokuba uhlawule ebhankini). Ukuba umqeshi lowo akakwazi kuyenza loo nto, ungamnima isaziso ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano senu ze ucele nomyalelo wenkundla oza kumnyanzelisa ukuyba aphume aphele apho.
Ixesha ehlawulelwa lona le mali (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwa yona le rente).
Kuya kufuneka ufumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. uMthunywa weNkundla uya kuthi athimbe impahla yalo mntu uqeshileyo ajonge ukuba ingafumaneka na imali asakubamba yona umntu lo. Ukuba uthi uthimbe impahla yomqeshi lo ngaphandle kokufumana umyalelo wenkundla, bubusela obo.
Khangela isivumelwano sokuhalala owasenza ngaphambili ukuba asinalo na icandelo icandelo elikhankanya ixesha lesaziso ekufuneka ulinikezele kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba alikho elo candela, loo nto ithetha ukuba nobabini, ngenxa yeentshukumo zenu, nithe nasihlaziya isivumelwano somqeshi lowo sokuhlala sangaphambili, kwangemigaqo nemiqathango ekwafanayo, ixesha elikwafanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka usebenzise icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi s ivumelwano, ukuba likho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle kwecandelo elikuvumela ukuba waphule esi sivumelwano, eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano iya kuba kukunika umqeshi lowo wakho isaziso sesithuba senyanga, ngembalelwano, ngaphambi kokuphela kwesivumelwano eso. (Ngoko ke ukuba benisele nisondele ekupheleni kwesivumelwano sokuhlala seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekuya kufuneka umazisile umqeshi wakho, gembalelwano, ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye).
Akunakuze ukwaqzi ukumkhupha ngokwakho umntu oqeshe kwindawo yakho, Kuya kufuneka ufumane myalelo wenkundla kuqala ukuze ube nokukwazi ukukhuphela ngaphandle umqeshi lowo ukuthi uthi aphule imiqathango nemigaqo yesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakhe kumhlaba wakho.
Ukuze ufumanise ukuba umqeshi wakho waphule imigaqo yokuhlala kwakhe, jonga isivumelwano senu. Kumele ukubakho apho icandelo elicacisa ngokwaphulwa kwezigqibo zesivumelwano sokuhlala (umzekelo, ukungahlawuli irente kwangexesha) nokuba aya kuba yintoni na amalungelo akho wena kwimeko enjalo (ngamanye amazwi ke, phelisa esi sivumelwano ngaphandle kokuohinda umazise umqeshi lo).
Ukuba ngokwenene umqeshi lowo wakho uzaphule izigqibo zokuhlala kwakhe apho, thabatha amanyathelo aqatha nazaakubonisa kakuhle umqeshi lowo ukuba ngokwenene ukwenzile oko. Ukuba oku akusebenzi, bhenela emthethweni - faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke ucele iingcebiso zegqwetha eliwayo lo mcimbi.
Unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo ze uhlola-hlole njalo-njalo, kodwa kuphela emva kokuba wenze amalungiselelo okwenza oko ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwakunye nesaziso esifanelekileyo. Umntu lowo usahlala kule ndawo yakho akanalo ilungelo lokukwalela ukuba ungene endaweni yakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Hayi. Oko kukhuphela ngaphandle akukho mthethweni. Ukuba utshintsha izitshixo, kufuneka unike umntu lowo usahlala apho izitshixo ezitsha.
Khangela ukuba indlela aziphethe ngayo umntu oqeshe kuwe iyakhabana na nemigaqo yeso sakhiwo. Ukuba kunjalo, ungakwazi ukuwophula umqathango wokuqhawulwa kwesibhambathiso ze unike nomqeshi ixeshana lesaziso. Gcina zonke izikhalazo ngalo mqeshi ephepheni kwanezinto othe wena wazenza njengobunqina.
Nikezela ingxelo ngezinto ozirhanelayo kwicandelo Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika. Ikwangumbono omhle ukufaka icandelo elithi akuvumelekanga ukuba azivumelekanga iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho kweso sakhiwo, nto leyo iya kukunika amagunya okurhoxisa esi sivumelwano ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba ubufune idipozithi, ungayisebenzisa loo mali ekulungiseni izinto ezithe zonakaliswa kakhulu ngumntu owo ebehlala apho xa ephuma.
Xa engena umntu oze kuhlala kule ndawo yakho, hlola-hlolan le ndwo kunye ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na izinto ezingemanga ngendlela - kufuneka nilutyikitye nobabini olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luncanyathiselwe kwesi sivumelwano sokuhlala.
Xa umntu lowo ephuma kule ndawo, yihlola-hloleni nobabini kwakhona le ndawo, kuya kube kulunge kakhulu xa nikwenza oku kwiintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhamba kwaloo mntu. Thelekisani uluhlu olutsha lwezinto ezonakeleyo nolo nanilwenze ngaphambili.
Ungamnika umntu usahlala apho ithuba lokulungisa ezo zinto ngokwakhe, okanye ke ungavuma ekubeni uza kuzenza ngokwakho. Gcina ke iziqinisekiso zazo zonke iindleko zokulungisa kwakho ezo ziphene ngale dipozithi. Lo mntu wenze iziphene ngedipozithi yakhe unelungelo lokuzibona ezo ziqinisekiso.
Ukuba ezo zilungiso zibize ngapantsi kwesixa sedipozithi nenzala yayo, kuya kufuneka ubuyisele loo mntu ubeqeshe apho imali eseleyo.
Qhagamshelana neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo ukuba uneengxaki.
kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isicelo elikule website ze usithumele ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ke uyithumele ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuhlala kwindwo eqeshisayo kwakunye nemeko yokuhlawula irente yahlukile. Ukuba udinga uncedo ekulawuleni umntu oqeshe endaweni yakho, qhagamshelana neNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni okanye ke igqwetha elinolwazi ngoku likunike iingcebiso.
Le ofisi ke isebenza ukususela ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni ukuya ngentsimbi yesine malanga, ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.F.116633.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ke ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabanini-mihlaba abaqeshisa ngezakhiwo ukuze kuhlale abanye abantu.
Ingaba kufuneka ndityikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala nomntu oqeshe umhlaba wam ukuze ahlale?
Zeziphi iinkcukacha ekufuneka zibekho kwisivumelwano sokuqeshisa ngendawo yokuhlala?
Ndingayijonga njani imvelaphi yomntu ofake isicelo sokuhlala endaweni yam?
Ingaba kufuneka ndifune idipozithi?
Zeziphi izilungiso ekufuneka ezenzile umhlali lo?
Ndingayenyusa na irente phakathi kwixesha lesivumelwano sokuhlala?
Ndingayenyusa ngamalini irente xa ndihlaziya isivumelwano sokuhlala?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshise kwindawo yam engayihlawuli ngexesha irente?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshileyo esithi uyihlawule irente kodwa ndibe mna ndingekayifumani?
Ingaba ndingayithimba impahla yomqeshi ukuba usemva ngerente?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala salo mntu ndimqeshisileyo siphele kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo. Ingaba kufuneka ndimazise kwisithuba sexesha elingakanani, xa ndifuna aphume?
Ndingamkhupha njani umntu oqeshe endaweni yam?
Ingaba ndingayifaka impahla ngaphandle kwemvume yomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ingaba ndingazitshintsha izitshixo ze nditshixele umntu oqeshe kum ngaphandle?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa abamelwane bekhalaza ngomntu oqeshe indawo yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa ndirhanela ukuba umntu oqeshe kum ubandakanyeka kwiintyshukumo ezingekho mthethweni endaweni yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshe kum eyonakalisile indawo yam?
Yeyiphi imithetho elawula izivumelwano zokuqeshisa?
Ngubani onokundinceda xa ndinengxaki nomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo kwiNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Isivumelwano esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela njengeso sibhalwe phantsi, kodwa ke ukuba umqeshi lowo unyanzelisa ekubeni nenze isivuelwano esibhalwe phantsi, kufuneka ukuthobele oko. Kungcono ke ngoko, kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale isivumelwano senu ukuze nithi thaca imigaqo nemiqathango enivumelene ngayo. Oku ke kuya kunceda kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuthi zibe nokuvela ekuhambeni kwexesha, xa ungavani nalo mntu uqeshe kule ndawo yakho.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomntu oqeshileyo umzekelo, ngubani omele ukulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, umbane kwakunye namatyala ezibonelelo Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umqeshi lo uhlawula zonke iintlawulo zezinto neenkonzo azifuneyo wazisebenzisa, ezifana namanzi nombane, ze umnini-mhlaba yena ahlawule zonke iintlawulo ezinento yokwenza nesakhiwo eso, ezifana ke nezibonelelo?
Imiqathango umqeshi okanye wena onokunikezela phantsi kwayo isaziso sokurhoxa kwisibhambathiso eso (umzekelo, ukuba kukho izinto ezithile ezithe azalungiswa, okanye ukuba umqeshi lowo usemva ekuhlawuleni irente).
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo - etyikitywe ngumqeshi lowo nomnini-mhlaba, kufuneka incanyathiselwe kwisivumelwano eso.
Kufuneka kudweliswe uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo xa umqeshi nomnini-mhlaba behlola-hlola phambi kokuba umqeshi lo angene ahlale kwesi sakhiwo. Olu luhlu ke kufuneka lutyikitywe nguwe nomqeshi lowo ze luncanyaqthiselwe kwisivumelwano eso sokuhlala.
Thetha nomnini-sakhiwo umntu lowo ufuna ukuqesha kuwe asaqeshe kuye ukuze ufumane iindlela zakhe zokuhlawula nokuziphatha. Ikwangumbono omhle ukuthetha nabanini-mihlaba bal mqeshwa bangaphambili, kuba umnini-mhlaba asahlala kuye lo mntu esenokuthetha kakuhle ngaye kuba efuna nje indlela yokumsusda kwindawo yakhe, ze futhi ufumane nencwadana yembalelwano esuka kumqeshi womntu lowo unomdla wokuqesha kuwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqeshwe isigxina apho nokuba wamkela malini na.
Ewe, kulungile oko ukuze uyifake loo dipozithi kweso sivumelwano. Ukhumbule ke kodwa ukuba le dipozithi kufuneka ifakwe kwi-account eza kuza nenzala ngalo lonke ixesha lesi sivumelwano sokuhlala kwaloo mqeshi kweso sakhiwo ze inikezelwe kumnini-yo nenzala yayo, ekuphumeni komqeshi kwisakhiwo eso.
Ukuba ke, umqeshi lo uphume kwisakhiwo sakho esakubamba imali, okanye ukuba uyonakalisile indawo leyo yakho ngendlela embi kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa le dipozithi ekulungiseni loo monakalo nasekuzihlawuleni loo mali asakubamba yona.
Khawujonge apha YINTONI ENDINOKUYENZA UKUBA UMQESHI UYONAKALISILE INDAWO YAM ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngedipozithi?
Oko kuxhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umnini-mhlaba ulungisa umphandle wesakhiwo ze umqeshi yena alungise umphakathi.
Hayi akunakho ngaphandle kokuba isivumelwano sokuhlala sikhankanya ukuba ungakwenza oko. Ukuba uyafuna, ungafaka icandelwana kwisivumelwano sokuqala apho udwelisa imiqathango enokukuvumela ukuba wenyuse irente (umzekelo, ukuba ziyenyuka izibonelelo).
Loo nto kaloku ixhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ukuba isivumelwano senu asichazi sixa sithile ekonyusweni kwerente, kuya kufuneka uthetha-theathane ze uvane ngeso sixa naloo mntu uqeshileyo..
Ngokuphandle, umqeshi lo uwophule isivumelwano senu. Buya ke uphinde ujonge icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso (okanye ke ukuba isivumelwano eso besenziwe ngomlomo, ujonge imiqathango ebekuvunyelwene ngayo ekwaphulweni kwesi sivumelwano) ze wenze okufanelekileyo.
Ukuba aninaso isiumelwano sokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso, kuyinto elungileyo ukubhalela loo mqeshi incwandi yembalelwano apho umnika iintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuba ahlawule, ekuya kuthi ukuba akakwazi urhoxise isivumelwano eso sokuhlala kwakhe.
Kuluxanduva lomntu oqeshe endaweni yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyayifumana irente, ngoko ke loo mqeshi kuya kufuneka akubonise ubungqina bokuba uyenzile intlawulo (umzekelo, iphetshana elibubungqina bokuba uhlawule ebhankini). Ukuba umqeshi lowo akakwazi kuyenza loo nto, ungamnima isaziso ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano senu ze ucele nomyalelo wenkundla oza kumnyanzelisa ukuyba aphume aphele apho.
Ixesha ehlawulelwa lona le mali (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwa yona le rente).
Kuya kufuneka ufumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. uMthunywa weNkundla uya kuthi athimbe impahla yalo mntu uqeshileyo ajonge ukuba ingafumaneka na imali asakubamba yona umntu lo. Ukuba uthi uthimbe impahla yomqeshi lo ngaphandle kokufumana umyalelo wenkundla, bubusela obo.
Khangela isivumelwano sokuhalala owasenza ngaphambili ukuba asinalo na icandelo icandelo elikhankanya ixesha lesaziso ekufuneka ulinikezele kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba alikho elo candela, loo nto ithetha ukuba nobabini, ngenxa yeentshukumo zenu, nithe nasihlaziya isivumelwano somqeshi lowo sokuhlala sangaphambili, kwangemigaqo nemiqathango ekwafanayo, ixesha elikwafanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka usebenzise icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi s ivumelwano, ukuba likho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle kwecandelo elikuvumela ukuba waphule esi sivumelwano, eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano iya kuba kukunika umqeshi lowo wakho isaziso sesithuba senyanga, ngembalelwano, ngaphambi kokuphela kwesivumelwano eso. (Ngoko ke ukuba benisele nisondele ekupheleni kwesivumelwano sokuhlala seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekuya kufuneka umazisile umqeshi wakho, gembalelwano, ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye).
Akunakuze ukwaqzi ukumkhupha ngokwakho umntu oqeshe kwindawo yakho, Kuya kufuneka ufumane myalelo wenkundla kuqala ukuze ube nokukwazi ukukhuphela ngaphandle umqeshi lowo ukuthi uthi aphule imiqathango nemigaqo yesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakhe kumhlaba wakho.
Ukuze ufumanise ukuba umqeshi wakho waphule imigaqo yokuhlala kwakhe, jonga isivumelwano senu. Kumele ukubakho apho icandelo elicacisa ngokwaphulwa kwezigqibo zesivumelwano sokuhlala (umzekelo, ukungahlawuli irente kwangexesha) nokuba aya kuba yintoni na amalungelo akho wena kwimeko enjalo (ngamanye amazwi ke, phelisa esi sivumelwano ngaphandle kokuohinda umazise umqeshi lo).
Ukuba ngokwenene umqeshi lowo wakho uzaphule izigqibo zokuhlala kwakhe apho, thabatha amanyathelo aqatha nazaakubonisa kakuhle umqeshi lowo ukuba ngokwenene ukwenzile oko. Ukuba oku akusebenzi, bhenela emthethweni - faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke ucele iingcebiso zegqwetha eliwayo lo mcimbi.
Unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo ze uhlola-hlole njalo-njalo, kodwa kuphela emva kokuba wenze amalungiselelo okwenza oko ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwakunye nesaziso esifanelekileyo. Umntu lowo usahlala kule ndawo yakho akanalo ilungelo lokukwalela ukuba ungene endaweni yakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Hayi. Oko kukhuphela ngaphandle akukho mthethweni. Ukuba utshintsha izitshixo, kufuneka unike umntu lowo usahlala apho izitshixo ezitsha.
Khangela ukuba indlela aziphethe ngayo umntu oqeshe kuwe iyakhabana na nemigaqo yeso sakhiwo. Ukuba kunjalo, ungakwazi ukuwophula umqathango wokuqhawulwa kwesibhambathiso ze unike nomqeshi ixeshana lesaziso. Gcina zonke izikhalazo ngalo mqeshi ephepheni kwanezinto othe wena wazenza njengobunqina.
Nikezela ingxelo ngezinto ozirhanelayo kwicandelo Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika. Ikwangumbono omhle ukufaka icandelo elithi akuvumelekanga ukuba azivumelekanga iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho kweso sakhiwo, nto leyo iya kukunika amagunya okurhoxisa esi sivumelwano ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba ubufune idipozithi, ungayisebenzisa loo mali ekulungiseni izinto ezithe zonakaliswa kakhulu ngumntu owo ebehlala apho xa ephuma.
Xa engena umntu oze kuhlala kule ndawo yakho, hlola-hlolan le ndwo kunye ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na izinto ezingemanga ngendlela - kufuneka nilutyikitye nobabini olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luncanyathiselwe kwesi sivumelwano sokuhlala.
Xa umntu lowo ephuma kule ndawo, yihlola-hloleni nobabini kwakhona le ndawo, kuya kube kulunge kakhulu xa nikwenza oku kwiintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhamba kwaloo mntu. Thelekisani uluhlu olutsha lwezinto ezonakeleyo nolo nanilwenze ngaphambili.
Ungamnika umntu usahlala apho ithuba lokulungisa ezo zinto ngokwakhe, okanye ke ungavuma ekubeni uza kuzenza ngokwakho. Gcina ke iziqinisekiso zazo zonke iindleko zokulungisa kwakho ezo ziphene ngale dipozithi. Lo mntu wenze iziphene ngedipozithi yakhe unelungelo lokuzibona ezo ziqinisekiso.
Ukuba ezo zilungiso zibize ngapantsi kwesixa sedipozithi nenzala yayo, kuya kufuneka ubuyisele loo mntu ubeqeshe apho imali eseleyo.
Qhagamshelana neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo ukuba uneengxaki.
kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isicelo elikule website ze usithumele ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ke uyithumele ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuhlala kwindwo eqeshisayo kwakunye nemeko yokuhlawula irente yahlukile. Ukuba udinga uncedo ekulawuleni umntu oqeshe endaweni yakho, qhagamshelana neNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni okanye ke igqwetha elinolwazi ngoku likunike iingcebiso.
Le ofisi ke isebenza ukususela ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni ukuya ngentsimbi yesine malanga, ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.F.87102.18.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Umbuzo: Hooray!!! Side ekugqibeleni sazifumana iindaba ezimnandi, urhulumente uvumile ukusinika la machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ndafunyaniswa ndiphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 xa ndandiphila nesifo sephepha, ingaba kufuneka ndiqalise ukusebenzisa la machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngoku?
Impendulo: Kuyandivuyisa ukuva ukuba kuyakuchulumancisa ukukhutshwa simahla kwamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kunzima ke kum ukuchazela ukuba ukufumana unyango ngala machiza kusini na. Eyona inokukwenza wazi ukuba ululungele na olu nyango kukuya kweyona klinikhi okanye gqirha ukufutshane nawe ze ucele ukuba akuthumele kwiklinikhi esebenza ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kuloo klinikhi baya kukutsala amagazi ngeenjongo zokufumanisa ukuba isibalo sakho se-CD4, esinceda oogqirha ekufumaniseni ukuba amajoni akho omzimba omelele kangakanani na okanye ungakanani na umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukhumbule ke ukuba ukuze ube nokulungela ukusebenzisa amachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka sibe kanti isibalo sakho sentsholongwane kaGawulayo singaphantsi kwamakhulu amabini okanye ube unesigulo esichaza ukuphila noGawulayo emzimbeni wakho.
Khumbula, iqhinga lentsholongwane kaGawulayo kukuhlasela amajoni ethu emizimba futhi ngokwenza njalo ibeka imizimba yethu emngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zezinye izifo ezizungul' amachele. La majoni ethu emizimba zezona zixhobo zethu zokulwa ukuncgola okungena emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wawo kukusigcina siphilile ngokuthi alwe nawaphi na amagciwane okanye izifo ezithi zisihlasele. La majoni omzimba enziwe zizihlunu ezizodwa ezibizwa ngokuba zii-CD4. Xa umntu enamajoni omzimba omeleleyo loo nto ithetha ukuba unezihlunu ze-CD4 ezininzi. Ukuba sifuna ukwazi ukuba amajoni omzimba omntu ngamnye omelele kangakanani, sithi sibale ezi CD4 ke.
Xa sibuyela kumba wokuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo le iwahlasela njani na amajoni omzimba womntu ngamnye: Xa umntu ethe wosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, le ntsholongwane izithabathela kuyo ze izibulale ezi zihlunu zeCD4. Le ntsholongwane ithintela ezi CD4 ekubeni zilwe izifo yaye endaweni izinyanzela ekubeni zidale ezinye iintsholongwane. Kuthi ke emva kweminyaka emininzi umntu abe neentsholongwane ezininzi nee-CD4 ezimbalwa egazini lakhe. Xa amajoni omzimba ephelelwe ngamandla nangakumbi izifo ezizungula amachele ezifana nesifo sephepha, ezehlisa amandla amajoni omzimba, zingafumana ithuba lokungena, kodwa ke njengoko usazi, isifo sephepha esi siyanyangeka nokuba umntu lowo sele ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Isikhumbuzo, intsholongwane kaGawulayo ayinyangeki. La machiza asetyenziswayo enzelwe nje ukukunceda uphile ubomi obongezelelekileyo nobusempilweni, ngokuthi ehlise ifuthe lale ntsholongwane egazini lakho. Shukuma ngoku ukuze ube nokuzuza lutho kule nkqubo isekhoyo yamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwale ntsgholongwane.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.F.87102.2.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Umbuzo: Ndifuna ukuya kuzivavanyela uGawulayo kodwa ke ndixelelwe ukuba kufuneka ndifumane iingcebiso noncedo lokumelana neziphumo zovavanyo phambi kwayo yonke loo nto. Ingaba kuyimfuneko oku?
Impendulo: Umthetho awukuvumeli ukuvavanyelwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo de ube waziswe ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kolu vavanyo. Injongo yezi ngcebiso kukukunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo ukuze ube nokufikelela kwizigqibp zokuba ukulungele na ukuvavanywa kwakunye neziphumo zolo vavanyo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba unikezele "ngemvume oyinikezele usazi."
Ukunikwa iingcebiso ngaphambi kovavanyo nako kuyimfuneko ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ixesha lolu vavanyo likulungele ukuze ube kuqinisekiswe ukuba ufumana impendulo ethembakeleyo.
Ukuba uvavanto lwenziwe ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lomngcipheko, uvavanyo olu lungangakuniki ziphumo zichanekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba ubukhe wazibandakanya ekwabelaneni ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kwiiveki ezilishumi elinesithathu ezidlulileyo ze wosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo kwelinye laloo matyeli, ukuzivavanyo ngeli xesha kuya kube akuyomfuneko, futhi nempendulo oyifumanayo mhlawumbi ingangachaneki xa isithi uyifumene le ntasholongwane. Oku kwaziwa njengokuba Ukwixesha Lokuzikhangela
Injongo yolu vavanyo kukufumanisa ukuba "izibulali-zintlungu" ezilwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo zikho na egazini. Ukuba umziba wakho sele ukhuphe iiseli (ezaziwa njengezibulali-zintlungu) ukulwa nale ntsholongwane, oku ke kuthetha ukuba le ntsholongwane sele ingenile emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa ke, kuthatha ukuya kwishumi elinesithathu leeveki ukusuka kusuku lokosuleleka ukuze ezi zibulali-zintlungu zibe nokubonakala, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuliliindela eli xesha de ligqithe ukuze uqinisekise ukuba isiphumo solo vavanyo sichanekile.
Ukuze ube nokwazi xa ubukhe wasemngciphekweni, udinga ukwazi okokuqala ukuba zeziphi na iindlela onokosuleleka ngazo nokuba ngawaphi na amanqanaba okuba semngciphekweni. Umzekelo, abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ukuphuzana ngokungadibanisi mathe kubeka emngciphekweni, noxa kungenjalo. Ngokucacisa iintshukumo ezibeka emngciphekweni nezingabeki mngciphekweni sikunika amandla okulazi ixesha owagqibela ngalo ukuba semngciphekweni nokuba bungakanani na ubuzaza bomngcipheko okuwo. Kwezinye iimeko kuye kucace ukuba mhlawumbi akuyo mfuneko ukuya kuvavanywa. Kwezinye iimeko uvavanyo kufuneka lulityazisiwe umzekelo, ukuba usekwixesha lokulinda.
Ukuba sele uphumile kwixesha lokulinda futhi iziphumo zakho zithi akunayo intsholongwane kaGawulayo, eso siphumo sichanekile futhi akunayo intsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kodwa ke, ukuba uvavanyo luthi wosulelekile yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, kuya kufuneka kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo oluqinisekisa oko ukuze kususwe nayiphi na impazamo ekunokuthi kanti yenzekile, noxa ke amava ethu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku esithi uvavanyo lwesibini luqinisekisa olokuqala. Ukufumana iziphumo ezithi uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo akuthethi ukuba unoGawulayo kodwa kuyayitsho inyaniso yokuba ungabosulela abanye. Ngokucacileyo, kuya kuvela mininzi imiba eya kuvela xa unokuthi ufumane iziphumo ezithi uphila nale ntsholongwane. Kwa-ATTIC, sininikezela ngeemvavanyo de zibe ntandathu emva kovavanyo l9okuqala ukuxhasa abo bathi bafunyaniswe bephila nale ntsholongwane kunye namaqabane abo. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa ziingcali zempilo yengqondo ezibhalisiweyo ezinamava angawo kweli candelo. Akukho ntlawulo yaye zonke iingcebiso neentuthuzelo zenziwa ngeyona mfihlelo iluqilima.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.F.87102.9.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Umbuzo: Ndinqwenela ukubuza ngokutya "okwachongwa okanye okwamiselwa" ngumphathiswa wezempilo nokube ngundaba-mlonyeni kwezosasazo mvanje. Ndiyabhidwa ziingxelo ezibetha-bethanayo ngeempembelelo kwakunye noncedo oluhlala ixeshana elide lweentlobo ezithile zokutya kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo esele zibaliwe. Besimana ukuxelelwa ngamajelo osasazo ukuba ezi ntlobo zokutya kufuneka zibe luhlobo lonyango esilusebenzisayo nesazi lukhulu ngalo kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo, ngokungafaniyo namachiza alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Bobuphi ubungqina obukhoyo obungqina ukuba naziphi na ezinye zezi ntlobo zokutya ziyakuphucula ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba Ingaba kukhe kwenziwa luphando ngoluntu, iintlobo zokutya emazikhethwe kunye nale ntsholongwane Ingaba isebenza kakuhle kangakanani ilemon ecoliweyo, yaxutywa nene-oli eyangeziweyo yomthi womnquma namanzi, ikonofile ecoliweyo nejinja, isipinatshi, ibhitruthi, kwakunye namachiza anezakhi-mzimba?
Ingaba zithini izibhalo ngezi ntlobo zokutya?
Ikonofile ephuma entsha inamandla agqwesayo okulwa nokungunda, alwa neentsholongwane kwakunye namagciwane; ikwamisa ngedlela uxinzelelo lwegazi ze yehlise nekholesteroli. Nangona nje ezinye izibhalo zidiza ukuba ikonofile ikhuselekile ukuba isetyenziswa kakhulu.
Izambane lase-Afrika (iHypoxis) yaba neempumelelo ezingacacanga. Uphando lokuqala lwafumanisa iziphumo ezithembisayo kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo ngokuthi le ntsholongwane ingenyukeli ibe nguGawulayo buqu. Kuphando ngokhuseleko noncedo lwale Hypoxis, uninzi lwezigulana lwakhula uxinzelelo lomongo wethambo onobungozi ze kwanyanzeleka ukuba olo phando luyekwe emva kweeveki ezisibhozo.
Ukusela incindi yelemon (amacephe amancinci abe mabini) kwakunye ne-oli yomthi womnquma (icephe elincinci libe linye), ezixutywe namanzi, kanye ngosuku, kuvakala ukuba ziyawanyusa amazinga okuba nomdla wokutya namanqanaba amandla ze zinciphise nokudumba kwamadlala enkovu.
Izazi ezininzi zicebisa ukuba umntu afumane amachiza anikezela ngezakhi-mzimba ezininzi ingakumbi ukuba akukwazi kutya kutya kwanele iimfuno zomzimba wakho. Ngenxa yesicefu-cefu okanye ukurhuda. Ukutya okunazo zonke iimfuno zomzimba - iziqhamo nemifuno (kuquka ibhitruthi, ispinatshi nejingja), iinqoba, neengcambu, iinkozo, ukutya okuzizilwanyana nezityalo zaselwandle, inyama, inyama yenkukhu, kwakunye neemveliso zobisi - zisezezona nto zingcono ekunokufunyanwa kuzo iivithamini nezakhi-mzimba, noxa kunjalo. Nceda uqinisekise ukuba inyama nentlanzi ziphekisisiwe phambi kokuba zityiwe ngabantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Iintlobo ezininzi zokutya zinezakhi-mzimba, kodwa ke iintlobo zokutya ezinika amajoni omzimba amandla, iivitamini, kwakunye namachiza akha umzimba, ukuba asetyenziswe kakhulu, anganefuthe elibi nakoyena mntu usempilweni ngokugibeleleyo. Amajoni omzimba womntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo abaleka ngesantya esingummangaliso, yaye nefuthe loko lingayinto ebingalindelekanga. Ezinye izakhi-mzimba zinika amajoni omzimba amandla ngelixa zisandisa nokuphinda-phindana kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo emzimbeni. Amachiza azizakhi-mzimba nawo angaphazamisana namachiza alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi kubaluleke ngokugqibeleleyo ukwazisa iqela lakho lononophelo lwempilo ngawo nawaphi na amachiza, amachiza owafumana kumaxhwele, amachiza enziwe ekhayeni, okanye ke nawaphi na amachiza owasebenzisayo. Ngelixa indlela yokubala yesihlunu seCD4 ichaza nje isimo samajoni omzimba, ingxelo yesihlunu seCD4 ibala ukuphucuka kwemiba emibini kwezi ntlobo zezidlo zingentla apha isenokuba inikezele iiingcinga ezingezizo. Ukubala kweCD4 kwehla kusenyuka ngamanqaku afikelela kumashumi asibhozo nakuliphi na icala lesi sibalo ngenxa yefuthe lezinto ezifana nexesha losuku, isidlo ezingaphambili, isigulo okanye ukutshintsha kwemo yakho. Kuyo yomibini le miba, indlela yokubala yeCD4 entsha iphucuke ngamanqaku angaphantsi nje kwamashumi asibhozo.
Kuyacaca ke ukuba kubalulekile ukuzikhusela, ze uzame ukufumana eyona ndlela iyiyo yokutya, futhi leyo ifanele iimfuno zakho, ukuze ibe nokumelana nesi sifo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba konke ukutya okwenzelwe abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu kuphathwa ngendlela esempilweni ukuthintela izifo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.G.77525.77525.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lidiza ezinye zezona zinto ezibangela ukutya ityhefu, ndawonye neengcebiso ngeendlela zokuthintela ukutyhefwa, nokuba kufuneka wenze ntoni na uthe watya ityhefu ngempazamo.
Abantwana aba bandwebe indalo yaye bangathanda kakhulu ukuzivela. Ayothusi ke neyokuba ngaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eepesenti zeemeko zokutyiwa kwetyhefu ngempazamo zibandakanya abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engaphantsi kwesihlanu ubudala.
Uninzi lweemeko zokutyiwa kwetyhefu ngempazamo zibandakanya amayeza neziyobisi ezishiywe kwiindawo abanokufikelela kuzo abantwana.
Abantwana aba bakhe bazame nokusela iimveliso zasekhayeni ezifana neparaffin namanye amchiza okucoca, ingakumbi ukuba ezi mveliso zigalelwe kwiibhotile okanye kwizinto ekuqhele ukufakwa kuzo iziselo okanye ukutya.
Ukutya iityhefu ezinobuzaza, ezifana ne-lead, kungenzeka ngamaxesha athile ebantwaneni abahlala kwiingingqi ezingcolileyo ezifana nezo kukho kuzo imizi-mveliso nezintyalo ezinamachiza.
Qinisekisa ukuba amayeza, iziyobisi, izinto zokupheka kwakunye neemveliso zokucoca zibekelwa kude ebantwaneni, kwiikhabhathi ezitshixiweyo.
Sebenzisa izinto zokufaka ezineziciko ezikhuselekileyo xa ufaka ezi mveliso.
Ungaze ubeke ukutya namachiza okucoca okanye ukutya namayeza ndawonye.
Abantu abadala kufuneka bakuthintele ukusebenzisa amayeza phambi kwabantwana, njengoko abantwana aba bethanda kakhulu ukulingsnisa.
Gcina izibulali-zinambuzane kwakunye nezibulali zokhula kwiindawo ezingabonakaliyo nezingafikelelekiyo ebantwaneni.
Kwiingingqi ezinemizi-mveliso kubalulekile ukuba ingingqi nganye isoloko iphantsi kweliso labahloli ukuqinisekisa ukuba amachiza lawo awafikeleli kumanqanaba aphezulu nanobungozi ngokungamkelekiyo.
Fumana ichiza okanye into ebelikuyo elo chiza ukrokrela ukuba umntwana lowo uliginyile okanye uliphethe. Ligcine elo chiza okanye loo nto ibihleli elo chiza ukuze uye nayo nayo eklinikhi okanye esibhedlele.
Ukuba umntwana lowo usesezingqondweni yaye kubanakala iimpawu zokuba uginye ityhefu, ungazama ukumgabhisa.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uginye ichiza lokucoca okanye iasidi enobungozi, musa ukumniika nantoni na yokusela kuba kaloku isiselo eso singangahlangani netyhefu leyo ze zenze umonakalo omkhulu ngaphakathi esiswini somntwana.
Ukuba umntwana uthe waphatha ichiza elinganobungozi kulusu lwakhe ngokuphathwa nje, mkhulule loo mpahla inokuba yosulelekileze umhlambe ulusu, iinwele neenzipho - uqale ngamanzi acocekileyo ze ulandelise ngokuwahlanganisa nesepha. Yithi ke ekugqibeleni uhlambisise ulusu olo ze ulosule.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uthe wangenwa lelo chiza linobungozi emehlweni, hlamba iliso elo ngocoselelo ngamanzi adikidiki isithuba sexesha elifikelela kwishumi lemizuzu.
Gcina umntwana lowo ngendlela aza kuziva kamnandi ze umse kwelona ziko lononophelo lwempilo likufutshane nendawo enihlala kuyo.
Ngalo naluphi na uncedo olufunayo, qhagamshelana neklinikhi ekufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane uncedo lolusuka kwiingcali.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.H.14684.14684.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luqulethe ulwazi ngolawulo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo ezikolweni kwakunye namalungelo noxanduva lwabafundi, olwabahlohli nolwabazali ngokumayela nale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Kukwanikezelwa neempendulo kweminye imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo efana nokuba ingaba abafundi abaphila nale ntsholongwane bangagxothwa na esikolweni, ukuba ingaba izikolo zingabavavanyela intsholongwane kaGawulayo na abafundi nokuba izikolo zingawuthintela njani na umngcipheko wokosuleleka yile ntsholongwane esikolweni. Kukwanikezelwa nangeengcebiso ngokuqulunqwa komgaqo-nkqubo wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo wesikolo.
Olu xwebhu lwapapashwa okokuqala ngenyanga yeDwarha ngo-1999 yi-AIDS Legal Network, ngenkxaso-mali eyayiphuma kwi-European Union Foundation for Human Rights. Yathi ke yaphinda yaveliswa ngemvume yeSebe Lemfundo Lephondo leNtshona Koloni.
Ingaba abafundi abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangagxothwa na esikolweni?
Ingaba abafundi abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangaphathwa ngendlela engafaniyo na neyabanye abafundi?
Ingaba isikolo singanyanzelisa ukufumana iinkcukacha ngobume bentsholongwane kaGaulayo bomfundi?
Ingaba izikolo zingazenza iimvavanyo zarhoqo zentsholongwane kaGawulayo kubafundi bazo?
Ingaba izikolo zingabavavanyela intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphandle kwemvume yabo?
Ingaba kufuneka ziwuthintele njani umngcipheko wokosuleleka kwabantu esikolweni?
Malunga nendaba yokosuleleka yintsholo0ngwane kaGawulayo ngenxa yemidlalo ebambanayo?
Ingaba abafundi banalo ilungelo lokufumana imfundo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo?
Ingaba zinganikezelwa na iintsilathi ezikolweni?
Malunga nabahlohli nabanye abasebenzi?
Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuba kukho ukwala ukusebenza, ukufunda okanye ukufunda nomntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ngubani ekufuneka abandakanyeke ekuqulunqweni komgaqo-nkqubo wesikolo?
Izigidi-gidi zabantu ziphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi eli nani likhula njalo. Ngenxa yoko ke, amanani enyukayo abafundi nabahlohli abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ayingxenye yezikolo zethu. Abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo bajamelene nokuxhatshazwa ngenxa yokuba bephila nale ntsholongwane.
isikolo esi senziwa sibe yindawo engenakhethe nenenkathalo.
iSebe Lemfundo sele liwuqulunqile umgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe oza kujongana nolawulo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo ezikolweni oku kusenzelwa amaziko emfundo kawonke-wonke. Izikolo namaqumrhu alawula izikolo kufuneka aqulunqe ze aphuhlise imigaqo-nkqubo yawo kwiinzame zawo zokumelana nemigaqo ekulo mgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe. Ukuba isikolo esithile asinawo umgaqo-nkqubo waso, eso sikolop siya kulawulwa ngulo wesizwe umgaqo.
Ukwazi amalungelo enu njengabazali, abahlohli nabafundi kwanokuqonda imigaqo yomgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe kwanoneyoMgaqo-siseko kuya kuninceda ukuze nikwazi ukulawula ngendlela eyiyo intsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo esikolweni senu.
Hayi. UMgaqo-siseko ethu uthi wonke umntu unelungelo lokulingana yaye abantwana banelungelo lokufikelela kwimfundo engundoqo. Umgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe nawo ukwalitsolisa elokuba akukho mfundi uya kuxhatshazwa ze alelwe nendawo esikolweni esikolweni ngenxa yokuba ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Abafundi abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo akufunekanga balivinjwe ithuba lokufikelela kwawona manqanaba aphezulu empumelelo. Izidibgo zabo kufuneka zifezekiswe kangangoko futhi isikolo sense konke okusemandlenj ukuqinisekisa oku, ngokubavumela bafundele emakhayeni abo ukuba kunyanzelekile. Nawaphi na amanyathelo abucala athi athatyathwe kufuneka angabi namkhethe, zimelane neemfuno zonyango yaye zithatyathwe ngentsebenziswano nomfundi lowo nomzali wakhe.
Hayi. Zonke iinkcukacha zonyango ziyimfihlelo yaye akukho mzali okanye mfundi unyanzeleke ukuba axelele isikolo ngobume bomfundi ophila nentsholongwane. Xa umfundi ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo enokuthi axelele abahlohli ukuba yena uphila nale ntsholongwane, kufuneka oko kuhlale kuyimfihlelo.
Asikho isizathu ngokwezonyangop okanye ngonzululwazi sokuba kusoloko abantu basoloko bevavanyelwa le ntsholongwane. UMgaqo-nkqubo Wesizwe awukuvumeli ukuvavanyelwa intsholongwane kGawulayo kwabafundi njengenye yeemfuno zokwamkelwa esikolweni okanye ukuqhubekeka behamba isikolo.
Akukho mntu uya kuvavanywa ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo ayinakudluliselwa komnye umntu ngokuqhagamshelana kwemihla ngemihla koluntu. Noxa ke ukosuleleka kwabafundi esikolweni kungaxhomisi mehlo, zonke izikolo kufuneka ziqulunqe futhi ziphuhlise amacebo okulumkisa ukuthintela ukudluliselwa kwazozonke izifo ezosulela ngegazi, kuquka nale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Lonke igazi kwakunye neencindi zomzimba kufuneka zithatyathwe njengezinentsholongewane kaGawulayo ze ziphathwe nngenkathalo engummangaliso.
Bonke abantu abahlangula kwiimeko zengozi eziquka ukuphalala kwegazi kufuneka banxibe iiglavu zeLatex.
Onke amanxeba kufuneka acocwe ngamanzi nangezibulali-ntsholongwane kwangoko ze avalwe ngento engangenwa manzi.
Imiphandle enegazi kufuneka icocwe ngomxube webleach.
Zonke izikolo kufuneka ubuncinci zibe nezixhobo zoncedo lokuqala ezifikelelekayo.
Iglavu zeLatex kufuneka zisoloko zikho kulo lonke igumbi lokufundela kwanakuyo yonke imidlalo.
Bonke abafundi nabahlohli kufuneka banikwe iinkcukacha zokuba bangamelana njani na neemeko apho kuphalele igazi.
Umngcipheko wokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokwemidlalo apho abadlali babambanayo mncinci kakhulu. Noko kunjalo, namphi na umdlali othe wopha kufuneka akhutshelwe ngaphandle kwebala afumane unyango. Loo mdlali unokuphinda aqalise ngokudlala xa inxeba lakhe livalwe ngokukhuselekileyo watshintshwa nezo mpahla zigcwel' igazi. Abafundi nabaqeqeshi abaphila nentshoongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka bafumane unyango neengcebiso phambi kokuba bangene kwimidlalo apho babambana nabanye abadlali.
Ewe. Lo Mgaqo-nkqubo Wesizwe unyanzelisa ukuba zonke izikolo zibe nenkqubo ehambayo yokufundisa nokulumkisa ngentsholongwane kaGawulayoe/noGawulayo. Le nkqubo ke kufuneka yayanyaniswe nenkqubo yokuxhobisa abafundi Ngezakhono Zobomi yaye kufuneka ihambelane neminyaka yabafundi futhi ichaneke. Nabazali kufuneka baziswe ngale nkqubo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo Wesizwe uyaqonda ukuba lo ngumcimbi onobuzaza kakhulu yaye ucebisa ukuba imiba efana nalo isonjululwa kuqwalaselwe iimfuno neendlela zokuphila zoluntu lwesi sikolo.
uMgaqo-nkqubo Wesizwe Ojongene Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo wenzelwe abafundi nabahlohli.
ukuvavanylewa intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphandle kwemvume yabo.
ukuvavanyelwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo nejngomqathango wokuqeshwa okanye wokuqhubekeka besebenza.
ukunyanzeliswa ukuba baziveze ukuba banayo na le ntsholongwane okanye abanayo.
ukugxothwa okanye bahliselwe ngenxa yokuba bephila nale ntsholongwane.
ukuphathwa ngendlela enomkhethe nangaluphi na uhlobo ngenxa yokuba bephila nale ntsholongwane.
Oku kukuzama ukumelana neemfuno nezenzo zengqesho ezingenamkhethe njengoko izithe thaca imithetho iLabour Relations Act ne-Employment Equity Act.
Abafundi, abahlohli kwakunye nabazali kufuneka banikwe ulwazi oluchanekileyo. Oku ke kufuneka kulandeliswe ngenkqubo yeengcebiso, ukuba kuyimfuneko. Le meko kufuneka isonjululwe yinqunun ngoncedo lwequmrhu elilawula eso sikolo ukuba kuyanzeleka.
Iqumrhu elawula isikolo kufuneka iqulunqe ze iphuhlise umgaqo-nkqubo wesikolo sayo ngentsebenziswano nabanye abantu abababdakanyekayo kwimiba yeso sikolo. Oku ke kungenziwa ngokusekwa kweKomiti yeso sikolo Ecebisa Kwimiba Yezempilo. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo awunakungahambelani nemigaqo engundoqo yomgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe futhi kufuneka ijolise ekudaleni isikolo apho abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuphathwa ngendlela enobulungisa, enobuntu neqinisa imigangatho yobuntu.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.H.3162.3162.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luthi thaca amalungelo noxanduva lwezigulana ngokwemigaqo yenkonzo yononophelo lwempilo.
Amashumi ngamashumi eminyaka uninzi lwabemi boMzantsi Afrika bathi bazifumana bevinjwa okanye benyhashelwa awona malungelo abo angundoqo, malungelo law abequka amalungelo okufikelela kwiinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo. Ukuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa kwelungelo lokufikelela kwiinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo elingqinwa nanguMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika (onguMthetho wePalamente we-108 ka-1996), iSebe Lezempilo lizinikele ekuphakamiseni, ekuphuliseni nasekukhuseleni eli lungelo yaye liyazingca ngokuUMQULU WAMALUNGELO EZIGULANA njengomgangatho ofanayo nolinganayo wokufikelela ekufezekisweni kweli lungelo.
Lo Mqulu usebenza phantsi kwemiqathango yaw nawuphi na umthetho osebenza apha kwiRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika kwanaphantsi kwemiqathango yezimali zeli lizwe.
Wonke umntu unelungelo lokuphila kwindawo esempilweni nekhuselekileyo eya kuqinisekisa ukuba basempilweni ngokwasemzimbeni ngokwasenyameni nangokwasengqondweni, kuquka nokunikezelwa kwamanzi aneleyo, ucoceko nokulahlwa kwenkukuma ndawonye nokhuseleko kuzo zonke iintlobo zeengozi zeengeozi zendalo engqongileyo, ukonakaliswa nokungcoliswa.
Wonke ummi unelungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba ekuqulunqweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo yaye wonke ubani unelungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba kwimiba echaphazela impilo yomntu ngamnye.
nolwazi lwezempilo oluquka ukufikeleleka kweenkonzo zempilo nokuba zingasetyenziswa njani na ezi nkonzo yaye olo lwazi lona luya kufumaneka ngolwimi olwaziwa nolusetyenziswa sisigulana eso.
Ilungu le-inshorensi yempilo okanye lenkqubo yonyango lwempilo linelungelo lokufikelela kulwazi ngaloo inshorensi okanye loo nkqubo yonyango lwempilo ze acel' umngeni, apho kufuneka khona, kwizigqibo zaloo inshorensi yempilo okanye loo nkqubo yonyango lwempilo ezichaphazela ilungu elo.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokuzikhethela inkampani amakangene kuyo ukuze afumane iinkonzo zonyango lwempilo okanye xa afuna inkonzo ethile yononophelo lwempilo yaye oko kuzikhethela akumelanga kukhabana nemigangatho yaloo nkonzo yaye kufuneka ilandele imigaqo ethile ebekelwe iindlela zokunikezelwa kwale nkonzo.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokumazi umntu onikezela loo nkonzo yononophelo lwempilo yaye kufuneka anyangwe ngabasebenzi benkonzo yononophelo lempilo abaziwayo.
Iinkcukacha ngempilo yomntu othile, kuquka nolwazi olubandakanya unyango zingakhutshwa kuphela ngesivumelwano nesigulana eso, ngaphandle kokuba ke oko kudingeka ngokemigaqo yomhtetho othile okanye ngokomyalelo wenkundla.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokufumana ulwazi olupheleleyo noluchanekileyo ngesimo sempilo yakhe, imigaqo yogonyo, unyango olusacetywayo kwakunye neendleko zalo, ukuze umntu abe nokufikelela kwisigqibo esichaphazela nawuphi na kule miba ingentla apha.
Umntu angala ukunyangwa yaye oko kwala uya kukutsho ngmlomo okanye kubhalwe phantsi kodwa ke oko kwala kufuneka kungabi kanti kubeka esichengeni impilo yabanye abantu.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokuthunyelwa kwenye iklinikhi ukuze afumane uluvo lwesibini xa athe wacela kuloo mntu okanye kwelo ziko lononophelo lwempilo alithandayo.
Akukho mntu uya kuyekwa nje egula anganyangwa ngumsebenzi wecandelo lononophelo lwempilo okanye yinkonzo yonyango ebiqale yaluthathela kuyo uxanduva ngeenjongo zokumnika unyango.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokufaka isikhalazo ngeenkonzo zononophelo lwempilo yaye kufuneka ezo zikhalazo ziphandwe futhi kufuneka afumane ingxelo epheleleyo ngolo phando.
ukwazisa iziko elo lononophelo lwempilo ngeminqweno yakhe xa anokufa.
kufuneka aathobele unayngo alunikwayo okanye iinkqubo zeengcebiso neentuthuzelo.
ukubuza ngeendleko zonyango lwakhe kwakunye/okanye iingcebiso ze enze namalungiselelo entlawulo.
agcine kuye iimpepha zononophelo lwempilo yakhe.
ukunonophela nokukhusela indalo engqongileyo.
ukuthobela amalungelo ezinye izigulana kwakunye namaziko ononophelo lwempilo.
ukusebenzisa inkonzo yononophelo lwempilo ngendela eyiyo futhi angayibhoxi.
azi amaziko ononophelo lwempilo asebenza kwingingqi ahlala kuyo nokuba anikezela ngaziphi na iinkonzo.
ukunika amaziko ononophelo lwempilo iinkcukacha eizizidingayo nezichanekileyo ngeenjongo zokugonya, ukunyanga, ukunikezela iingcebiso nokuthuthuzela.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.H.32303.32303.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
iNkundla yoMgaqo-sisekoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kwimicimbi echaphazela uMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika. Izigqibo zale nkundla ngomgaqo-siseko ziyabophelela kuzo zonke ezinye iinkundla. Le nkundla yenziwa ziijaji ezilithoba. Intloko yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yiJaji Enkulu Yesizwe uPius Langa ze ijaji uDikgang Moseneke abe liSekela lakhe. Le nkundla ke iqale ukubakho kweli lizwe ngo-1994.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla kwiwebsite yenkundla yomgaqo-siseko.
iNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhenoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kuyo yonke imicimbi, ngaphandle kwaleyo ichaphazela umgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo, zonke iimeko zokufakwa kwezibheno zamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho ezisuka kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ziphelela kule nkundla, ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso ke sinento yokwenza nomthetho olawula umgaqo-siseko, apho ke iya kuba yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eya kuba nelizwi lokugqibela. INkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno yayisa kubizwa "iCandelo Lezibheno", njengoko ihlalela amatyala kwizibheno kuphela. Izigqibo zeNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ziyabophelela kuzo zonke iinkundla ezingaphantsi ngokwamagunya. UMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngobekekileyo uCT Howie ze obekekileyo naye uL Mpati abe lisekela lakhe.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
Elandelayo "kwinkundla ezimagunya makhulu" yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, eyayisa kubizwa iNkundla Ephakamileyo". Amacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo "anamagunya okugweba" - ilungelo lokuchophela ityala - kwiindawo ezithile azisikelweyo nabekwe kuzo, yaye izigqibo zeeNkundla Eziphakamileyo ziyabophelela kwiinkundla zoomantyi ezikwiindawo ezikuzo ezi ziphakamileyo. Amancandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo anelungelo lokuchophela amatyala nangayiphi na imicimbi kodwa ke kwiingingqi asikelwe zona, kodwa ke asoloko echophela imiba yeembambano zoluntu ebandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000, kwakunye namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. La macandelo akwachophela naziphi na izibheno ukuhlalutywa kwamatyala asuka kwiinkundla ezikumgangatho ongaphantsi (iinkundla zoomantyi) ezisebenza kwiingingqi zezi nkundla ziphakamileyo. INkundla Ephakamileyo ngokwesiqhelo ke ichophela nayiphi na imiba ubume bomntu othile (umzekelo, isicelo sokugcina kukhuliswe umntwana womnye umzali, ukubhanga komntu okanye ishishini).
Kufuneka kuhlanganwe neGqwetha Lemicimbi Yosapho kuyo yonke imicimbi echaphazela abantwana, njengoko iNkundla Ephakamileyo "ingumzali onamagunya amakhulu" kubo bonke abantwana baseMzantsi Afrika.
uMphathi weNkundla Ephakamileyo ugcina iimpepha ezinento yokwenza nempahla yabantu (abangasekhoyo okanye ababhangileyo).
uMthunywa weNkundla uhambisa iimpepha ezithile kubantu abathile kwityala lembambano, ze athimbe impahla xa efumene igunya lokwenza oko.
uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu, owayesa kubizwa ngjengeGqwetha Elikhulu, unoxanduva lokutshutshisa abaphuli-mthetho egameni lombuso.
Igqwetha Lombuso ligqwetha elimela umbuso kwiintshukumo zeembambano ezibandakanya umbuso (apho umbuso ufaka isimangalo okanye umangalelwa khona).
Okwakaloku nje kusekho ishumi "lamacandelo amaphondo" ale Nkundla Iphakamileyo kwakunye "namacandelo ezixeko" amathathu (acandelo lawo asebenza kwiingingqi ezithile azisikelwe ngamacandelo amaphondo ale nkundla ze abe namagunya kwiingingqi ezithile phantsi kwecandelo lephondo). La macandelo azixeko ke asasebenzisa indlela exesha likarhulumente wangaphambili elingaphambi kuka-1994, owayesebenza ngamaphandle namaphondo amane. Umzekelo, iCandelo lale Nkundla Iphakamileyo eliseKapa libizwa ngokuba yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika: iCandelo lePhondo leCape of Good Hope ze ijaji yalo eyongameleyo ibe nguJaji uJohn Hlophe.
Xa uMthetho Osaqulunqwayo Weenkundla Ezikumgangatho Ophakamileyo sele uwisiwe, kuya kubakho iCandelo leNkundla Ephakamileyo kwiphondo ngalinye kula asithoba eli lizwe, abe namagama angqamanayo nalawo amaphondo akuwo kwakunye "nezihlalo" ezingapha kwesinye kumaphondo athile. Iphondo leRhawuti liya kuba namacandelo amabini, elisemazantsi (iRhawuti) nelisemantla (iPitoli).
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 480 2411.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
iiNkundla Ezijikelezayo ziyingxenye yeNkundla Ephakamileyo. Zihlala ubuncinci kabini ngonyaka, yaye ziyajikeleza zandise iingingqi ezisemaphandleni ezinokuncedakala. Zingaqhagamsheleka ngokuthi umntu ahlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso zihlala kumacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo yaye ziquka iJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo encediswa ngumgcini-zincwadi onamava angekho ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka, gosa elo limele icandelo loshishino. Le nkundla ichophela zonke iimbambano eziphakathi komhlawuli-rhafu kunye necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika, apho imbambano ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu yengeniso engaphezu kwe-R100 000. Izibheno kwizigqibo zale nkundla zisiwa ngqo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno. Iimbambano zerhafu ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu engaphantsi kwe-R100 000 zisiwa kwiBhodi Yerhafu. USihlalo wale Bhodi Yerhafu ligqwetha, igqwetha elikhulu okanye umgcini-zincwadi osebenza kwicandelo labucala lezoshishino oqeshwe nguMongameli welizwe ngenjongo yokuba ngusihlalo wale Bhodi. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Eyodwa Yemicimbi Yerhafu Yengneniso ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhreno ze uqhagamshelane neBhodi Yerhafu ngokuthi uhlangane necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwakaloku nje kukwakho neeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye Neenkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi, ezinegunya lokugweba kwimicimbi yabasebenzi yaye zikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo. Noxa kunjalo, the umthetho osaqulunqwayo iSuperior Courts Bill uya kuziphelisa ezi nkundla zemicimbi yabasebenzi ze uzifake phantsi kweNkundla Ephakamileyo. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Ephakamileyo ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo okanye ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Ukususela ngo-1998,iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato zithe zakwazi ukuchophela naziphi na iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa komtshato - ngaphambi koko ke ezi nkundla zazichophela kuphela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato yabantu abamnyamawaphi na amatyala Zintathu ke ezi nkundla zalo msebenzi yaye zezi, iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Kwemitshato Ezisembindini, Ezikumntla-Mpuma Nezikumazantsi, yaye ezi nkundla zenzelwe ukuchophela iintshukumo zokuqhawulwa kwemitshato engenzima kuyaphi ngokukhawuleza nangendlela engatyi kakhulu empokothweni. INkundla Ekumazantsi Yokuqhawulwa Komtshato yinkundla yokuqhawulwa komtshato enegunya lokuchophela iimbambano zokuqhawulwa komtshato eNtshona Kapa, yaye inee-ofisi kwiZiko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho eKapa ze kubekho nenye iofisi encinane eMitchell's Plain. Ungaqhagamshelana neli Ziko Lenkundla Yemicimbi Yeentsapho ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla kaMantyi yaseKapa.
iNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba ikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo kodwa ke izimele ayixhomekekanga kule iphakamileyo. Le nkundla yasekwa ngo-1996 yaye ichophela amatyala anento yokwenza nokubuyiswa kwemihlaba eyathatyathwa ngexesha lenkqubo yobandlululo (amatyala okulungiswa kwemicimbi echaphazela imihlaba). INkundla Yamabango Emihlaba inemigaqo yayo yaye ivumelekile ukuba iqhube iinkqubo zayo noluntu ngaphandle kokuba senkundleni nangezinye iindlela ezingaqhelekanga (apho ijaji ibuza amangqina, ingagqithi kumagqwetha awo) yaye le nkundla ingalichophela ityala naphi na apho ithande ukulichophela khona, nangona eyona ofisi yayo nje iseRandburg. Izibheno zithunyelwa kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso siqonde kumcimbi womgaqo-siseko, meko leyo ke iya kunyanzelisa ukuba isibheno eso sithunyelwe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko. uMongameli weNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba nguFikile Bam.
Ungafikelela kwizigwebo zeNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba apha.
iNkundla Yamanzi enegunya lokuchophela amatyala kuwo onke amaphondo yaye amagosa ayo ngusihlalo, isekela lakhe namalungu ongezelelweyo. Inegunya lokungenelela igwebe kwimicimbi ebandakanya amanzi. Amalungu eNkundla Yamanzi kufuneka abe nolwazi lomthetho, ubunjineli ulawulo lwezibonelelo zamanzi okanye ulwazi lwecandelo elisondeleyo. La malungu aqeshwa nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso zeKomishoni Yeenkonzo Zomthetho, eliqumrhu elichonga iijaji. Le Nkundla Yamanzi ithabathe indawo yeNkundla Yamanzi ngo-1998. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Yamanzi ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso(iTRC) yayingeyonkundla iyiyo kodwa isikhundla nje esahlukileyo esasisekelwe ukuchophela amatyala ngexesha lobandlululo egameni lombuso welo xesha. Ikomiti Yoxolelwaniso yayinamagunya okuxolela (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umenzi wobubi akanakutshutshiswa) abenzi bobubi bopolitiko eluntwini abavumileyo nabaxele konke abakwaziyo, oko ke kukuthi inyaniso, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. IKomiti Eyayijongene Nokunyhashwa Kwamalungelo Oluntu yayiyiyo ethabatha izigqibo ngokuba zeziphi na izenzo ezazikukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo ezanikezelwa kule komishoni yenyaniso noxolelwaniso. Emva kokuchongwa kwamaxhoba okunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, loo maxhoba ayethunyelwa kwiKomiti Yezilungiso Nokuthuthuzelwa, eyayithabatha izigqibo ngokuba mawabuyekezwe njani na amaxhoba lawo. Imisebenzi yale komishoni sele usiya ekuqoshelisweni. Abo bangazange bafumane kuxolelwa yiKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso ngezenzo ezibi abazenzayo ngexesha lobandlululo bangatshutshiswa.
iiNkundla Zoomantyi ziinkundla ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi nezichophela namatyala amaninzi. Zahlula-hlulwe yaziinkundla zemimandla neenkundla zezithili. Zingaphezu kwama-400 iinkundla zoomantyi eMzantsi Afrika. Azinalo igunya lokungenelela nokuchophela amatyala eembambano abandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000 (ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bavumelana ekubebi behlise isixa eso sibe ngaphantsi kwe-R100 000). Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, amatyala amakhulu anobuzaza olwaphulo achotshelwa ziinkundla zemimandla. Oku ke kungenxa yokuba iinkundla zezithili azinakho ukuwisa izigwebo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu kumntu ofunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho. Awona matyala olwaphulo-mthetho amasikizi kakhulu achotshelwa yiNkundla Ephakamileyo. Kukwakho nothotho lweenkundla zoomantyi ezenziwe zakhetheka ukwenzela zikwazi ukumelana neentlobo ezithile zamatyala, nkundla ezo zifana nenkundla yamatyala odlwengulo eseWynberg.
iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zinegunya lokuchophela lonke ityala lembambano elibandakanya imali engaphantsi kwama-R3000, ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bayavumelana ekubeni basehlise esi sixa sibe ngaphantsi kwesi sixa. Ijaji yeNkundla Yamabango Amancinci ibizwa ngokuba ngumkomishinala yaye idla ngokuba ligqwetha elikhulu elisebenzayo, igqwetha okanye isifundiswa kwezomthetho osebenza njengomkomishinala ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa. Ummangali nommangalelwa abavumelekanga ukuba babe namagqwetha aza kubamela. Isigwebo salo mkomishinala asiphikiseki yaye asinakwenzelwa sibheno kwinkundla enkulu kunale. Ungaqhagamshelana neyona Nkundla Yamabango Amancinci ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi udlule kweyona Nkundla kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe.
iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani nazo zikwanawo amagunya okuchophela amatyala athile kwinqanaba leenkundla zoomantyi. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuchophela amatyala eembambano ezibandakanya izithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yomthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe. Isikhulu esigunyazisiweyo kwintlalo nempilo yabemi bomthonyama okanye okanye isekela saso bangathabatha izigqibo ngamatyala besebenzisa umthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe, k tyala elo lisiwe kuloo nkundla ngummi womthonyama emangalela omnye ummi womthonyama kwingingqi esinegunya lokulawula kuyo eso sikhulu. Ezi nkundla ke zaziwa kakuhle njengeeenkundla zeenkosi. Umntu onebango afuna ukulisa enkundleni uyazikhethela ukuba alise enkundleni yenkosi okanye enkundleni kamantyi na elo bango. Qhagamshelana nenkosi yakho ukuba ungathanda ukusa ibango lakho lixoxwe kule nkundla yenkosi.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.H.32303.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
Circuit Courts iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye neeNkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Komtshato iiNkundla Zamabango Emihlaba iNkundla Yamanzi iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci iiNkundla Zoomantyi iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni kwakunye Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani iNkundla yoMgaqo-sisekoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kwimicimbi echaphazela uMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika. Izigqibo zale nkundla ngomgaqo-siseko ziyabophelela kuzo zonke ezinye iinkundla. Le nkundla yenziwa ziijaji ezilithoba. Intloko yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yiJaji Enkulu Yesizwe uPius Langa ze ijaji uDikgang Moseneke abe liSekela lakhe. Le nkundla ke iqale ukubakho kweli lizwe ngo-1994.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla kwiwebsite yenkundla yomgaqo-siseko.
iNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhenoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kuyo yonke imicimbi, ngaphandle kwaleyo ichaphazela umgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo, zonke iimeko zokufakwa kwezibheno zamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho ezisuka kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ziphelela kule nkundla, ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso ke sinento yokwenza nomthetho olawula umgaqo-siseko, apho ke iya kuba yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eya kuba nelizwi lokugqibela. INkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno yayisa kubizwa "iCandelo Lezibheno", njengoko ihlalela amatyala kwizibheno kuphela. Izigqibo zeNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ziyabophelela kuzo zonke iinkundla ezingaphantsi ngokwamagunya. UMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngobekekileyo uCT Howie ze obekekileyo naye uL Mpati abe lisekela lakhe.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
Elandelayo "kwinkundla ezimagunya makhulu" yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, eyayisa kubizwa iNkundla Ephakamileyo". Amacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo "anamagunya okugweba" - ilungelo lokuchophela ityala - kwiindawo ezithile azisikelweyo nabekwe kuzo, yaye izigqibo zeeNkundla Eziphakamileyo ziyabophelela kwiinkundla zoomantyi ezikwiindawo ezikuzo ezi ziphakamileyo. Amancandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo anelungelo lokuchophela amatyala nangayiphi na imicimbi kodwa ke kwiingingqi asikelwe zona, kodwa ke asoloko echophela imiba yeembambano zoluntu ebandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000, kwakunye namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. La macandelo akwachophela naziphi na izibheno ukuhlalutywa kwamatyala asuka kwiinkundla ezikumgangatho ongaphantsi (iinkundla zoomantyi) ezisebenza kwiingingqi zezi nkundla ziphakamileyo. INkundla Ephakamileyo ngokwesiqhelo ke ichophela nayiphi na imiba ubume bomntu othile (umzekelo, isicelo sokugcina kukhuliswe umntwana womnye umzali, ukubhanga komntu okanye ishishini).
Kufuneka kuhlanganwe neGqwetha Lemicimbi Yosapho kuyo yonke imicimbi echaphazela abantwana, njengoko iNkundla Ephakamileyo "ingumzali onamagunya amakhulu" kubo bonke abantwana baseMzantsi Afrika.
uMphathi weNkundla Ephakamileyo ugcina iimpepha ezinento yokwenza nempahla yabantu (abangasekhoyo okanye ababhangileyo).
uMthunywa weNkundla uhambisa iimpepha ezithile kubantu abathile kwityala lembambano, ze athimbe impahla xa efumene igunya lokwenza oko.
uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu, owayesa kubizwa ngjengeGqwetha Elikhulu, unoxanduva lokutshutshisa abaphuli-mthetho egameni lombuso.
Igqwetha Lombuso ligqwetha elimela umbuso kwiintshukumo zeembambano ezibandakanya umbuso (apho umbuso ufaka isimangalo okanye umangalelwa khona).
Okwakaloku nje kusekho ishumi "lamacandelo amaphondo" ale Nkundla Iphakamileyo kwakunye "namacandelo ezixeko" amathathu (acandelo lawo asebenza kwiingingqi ezithile azisikelwe ngamacandelo amaphondo ale nkundla ze abe namagunya kwiingingqi ezithile phantsi kwecandelo lephondo). La macandelo azixeko ke asasebenzisa indlela exesha likarhulumente wangaphambili elingaphambi kuka-1994, owayesebenza ngamaphandle namaphondo amane. Umzekelo, iCandelo lale Nkundla Iphakamileyo eliseKapa libizwa ngokuba yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika: iCandelo lePhondo leCape of Good Hope ze ijaji yalo eyongameleyo ibe nguJaji uJohn Hlophe.
Xa uMthetho Osaqulunqwayo Weenkundla Ezikumgangatho Ophakamileyo sele uwisiwe, kuya kubakho iCandelo leNkundla Ephakamileyo kwiphondo ngalinye kula asithoba eli lizwe, abe namagama angqamanayo nalawo amaphondo akuwo kwakunye "nezihlalo" ezingapha kwesinye kumaphondo athile. Iphondo leRhawuti liya kuba namacandelo amabini, elisemazantsi (iRhawuti) nelisemantla (iPitoli).
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 480 2411.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
iiNkundla Ezijikelezayo ziyingxenye yeNkundla Ephakamileyo. Zihlala ubuncinci kabini ngonyaka, yaye ziyajikeleza zandise iingingqi ezisemaphandleni ezinokuncedakala. Zingaqhagamsheleka ngokuthi umntu ahlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso zihlala kumacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo yaye ziquka iJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo encediswa ngumgcini-zincwadi onamava angekho ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka, gosa elo limele icandelo loshishino. Le nkundla ichophela zonke iimbambano eziphakathi komhlawuli-rhafu kunye necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika, apho imbambano ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu yengeniso engaphezu kwe-R100 000. Izibheno kwizigqibo zale nkundla zisiwa ngqo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno. Iimbambano zerhafu ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu engaphantsi kwe-R100 000 zisiwa kwiBhodi Yerhafu. USihlalo wale Bhodi Yerhafu ligqwetha, igqwetha elikhulu okanye umgcini-zincwadi osebenza kwicandelo labucala lezoshishino oqeshwe nguMongameli welizwe ngenjongo yokuba ngusihlalo wale Bhodi. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Eyodwa Yemicimbi Yerhafu Yengneniso ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhreno ze uqhagamshelane neBhodi Yerhafu ngokuthi uhlangane necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwakaloku nje kukwakho neeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye Neenkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi, ezinegunya lokugweba kwimicimbi yabasebenzi yaye zikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo. Noxa kunjalo, the umthetho osaqulunqwayo iSuperior Courts Bill uya kuziphelisa ezi nkundla zemicimbi yabasebenzi ze uzifake phantsi kweNkundla Ephakamileyo. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Ephakamileyo ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo okanye ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
iNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba ikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo kodwa ke izimele ayixhomekekanga kule iphakamileyo. Le nkundla yasekwa ngo-1996 yaye ichophela amatyala anento yokwenza nokubuyiswa kwemihlaba eyathatyathwa ngexesha lenkqubo yobandlululo (amatyala okulungiswa kwemicimbi echaphazela imihlaba). INkundla Yamabango Emihlaba inemigaqo yayo yaye ivumelekile ukuba iqhube iinkqubo zayo noluntu ngaphandle kokuba senkundleni nangezinye iindlela ezingaqhelekanga (apho ijaji ibuza amangqina, ingagqithi kumagqwetha awo) yaye le nkundla ingalichophela ityala naphi na apho ithande ukulichophela khona, nangona eyona ofisi yayo nje iseRandburg. Izibheno zithunyelwa kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso siqonde kumcimbi womgaqo-siseko, meko leyo ke iya kunyanzelisa ukuba isibheno eso sithunyelwe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko. uMongameli weNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba nguFikile Bam.
Ungafikelela kwizigwebo zeNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba apha.
iNkundla Yamanzi enegunya lokuchophela amatyala kuwo onke amaphondo yaye amagosa ayo ngusihlalo, isekela lakhe namalungu ongezelelweyo. Inegunya lokungenelela igwebe kwimicimbi ebandakanya amanzi. Amalungu eNkundla Yamanzi kufuneka abe nolwazi lomthetho, ubunjineli ulawulo lwezibonelelo zamanzi okanye ulwazi lwecandelo elisondeleyo. La malungu aqeshwa nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso zeKomishoni Yeenkonzo Zomthetho, eliqumrhu elichonga iijaji. Le Nkundla Yamanzi ithabathe indawo yeNkundla Yamanzi ngo-1998. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Yamanzi ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso(iTRC) yayingeyonkundla iyiyo kodwa isikhundla nje esahlukileyo esasisekelwe ukuchophela amatyala ngexesha lobandlululo egameni lombuso welo xesha. Ikomiti Yoxolelwaniso yayinamagunya okuxolela (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umenzi wobubi akanakutshutshiswa) abenzi bobubi bopolitiko eluntwini abavumileyo nabaxele konke abakwaziyo, oko ke kukuthi inyaniso, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. IKomiti Eyayijongene Nokunyhashwa Kwamalungelo Oluntu yayiyiyo ethabatha izigqibo ngokuba zeziphi na izenzo ezazikukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo ezanikezelwa kule komishoni yenyaniso noxolelwaniso. Emva kokuchongwa kwamaxhoba okunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, loo maxhoba ayethunyelwa kwiKomiti Yezilungiso Nokuthuthuzelwa, eyayithabatha izigqibo ngokuba mawabuyekezwe njani na amaxhoba lawo. Imisebenzi yale komishoni sele usiya ekuqoshelisweni. Abo bangazange bafumane kuxolelwa yiKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso ngezenzo ezibi abazenzayo ngexesha lobandlululo bangatshutshiswa.
iiNkundla Zoomantyi ziinkundla ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi nezichophela namatyala amaninzi. Zahlula-hlulwe yaziinkundla zemimandla neenkundla zezithili. Zingaphezu kwama-400 iinkundla zoomantyi eMzantsi Afrika. Azinalo igunya lokungenelela nokuchophela amatyala eembambano abandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000 (ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bavumelana ekubebi behlise isixa eso sibe ngaphantsi kwe-R100 000). Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, amatyala amakhulu anobuzaza olwaphulo achotshelwa ziinkundla zemimandla. Oku ke kungenxa yokuba iinkundla zezithili azinakho ukuwisa izigwebo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu kumntu ofunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho. Awona matyala olwaphulo-mthetho amasikizi kakhulu achotshelwa yiNkundla Ephakamileyo. Kukwakho nothotho lweenkundla zoomantyi ezenziwe zakhetheka ukwenzela zikwazi ukumelana neentlobo ezithile zamatyala, nkundla ezo zifana nenkundla yamatyala odlwengulo eseWynberg. Ungalujonga uluhlu lweenkundal zoomantyi ezilapha eNtshona Koloni apha iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zinegunya lokuchophela lonke ityala lembambano elibandakanya imali engaphantsi kwama-R3000, ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bayavumelana ekubeni basehlise esi sixa sibe ngaphantsi kwesi sixa. Ijaji yeNkundla Yamabango Amancinci ibizwa ngokuba ngumkomishinala yaye idla ngokuba ligqwetha elikhulu elisebenzayo, igqwetha okanye isifundiswa kwezomthetho osebenza njengomkomishinala ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa. Ummangali nommangalelwa abavumelekanga ukuba babe namagqwetha aza kubamela. Isigwebo salo mkomishinala asiphikiseki yaye asinakwenzelwa sibheno kwinkundla enkulu kunale. Ungaqhagamshelana neyona Nkundla Yamabango Amancinci ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi udlule kweyona Nkundla kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe.
iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani nazo zikwanawo amagunya okuchophela amatyala athile kwinqanaba leenkundla zoomantyi. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuchophela amatyala eembambano ezibandakanya izithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yomthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe. Isikhulu esigunyazisiweyo kwintlalo nempilo yabemi bomthonyama okanye okanye isekela saso bangathabatha izigqibo ngamatyala besebenzisa umthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe, k tyala elo lisiwe kuloo nkundla ngummi womthonyama emangalela omnye ummi womthonyama kwingingqi esinegunya lokulawula kuyo eso sikhulu. Ezi nkundla ke zaziwa kakuhle njengeeenkundla zeenkosi. Umntu onebango afuna ukulisa enkundleni uyazikhethela ukuba alise enkundleni yenkosi okanye enkundleni kamantyi na elo bango. Qhagamshelana nenkosi yakho ukuba ungathanda ukusa ibango lakho lixoxwe kule nkundla yenkosi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.H.77525.77525.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lidiza ezinye zezona zinto ezibangela ukutya ityhefu, ndawonye neengcebiso ngeendlela zokuthintela ukutyhefwa, nokuba kufuneka wenze ntoni na uthe watya ityhefu ngempazamo.
Abantwana aba bandwebe indalo yaye bangathanda kakhulu ukuzivela. Ayothusi ke neyokuba ngaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eepesenti zeemeko zokutyiwa kwetyhefu ngempazamo zibandakanya abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engaphantsi kwesihlanu ubudala.
Uninzi lweemeko zokutyiwa kwetyhefu ngempazamo zibandakanya amayeza neziyobisi ezishiywe kwiindawo abanokufikelela kuzo abantwana.
Abantwana aba bakhe bazame nokusela iimveliso zasekhayeni ezifana neparaffin namanye amchiza okucoca, ingakumbi ukuba ezi mveliso zigalelwe kwiibhotile okanye kwizinto ekuqhele ukufakwa kuzo iziselo okanye ukutya.
Ukutya iityhefu ezinobuzaza, ezifana ne-lead, kungenzeka ngamaxesha athile ebantwaneni abahlala kwiingingqi ezingcolileyo ezifana nezo kukho kuzo imizi-mveliso nezintyalo ezinamachiza.
Qinisekisa ukuba amayeza, iziyobisi, izinto zokupheka kwakunye neemveliso zokucoca zibekelwa kude ebantwaneni, kwiikhabhathi ezitshixiweyo.
Sebenzisa izinto zokufaka ezineziciko ezikhuselekileyo xa ufaka ezi mveliso.
Ungaze ubeke ukutya namachiza okucoca okanye ukutya namayeza ndawonye.
Abantu abadala kufuneka bakuthintele ukusebenzisa amayeza phambi kwabantwana, njengoko abantwana aba bethanda kakhulu ukulingsnisa.
Gcina izibulali-zinambuzane kwakunye nezibulali zokhula kwiindawo ezingabonakaliyo nezingafikelelekiyo ebantwaneni.
Kwiingingqi ezinemizi-mveliso kubalulekile ukuba ingingqi nganye isoloko iphantsi kweliso labahloli ukuqinisekisa ukuba amachiza lawo awafikeleli kumanqanaba aphezulu nanobungozi ngokungamkelekiyo.
Fumana ichiza okanye into ebelikuyo elo chiza ukrokrela ukuba umntwana lowo uliginyile okanye uliphethe. Ligcine elo chiza okanye loo nto ibihleli elo chiza ukuze uye nayo nayo eklinikhi okanye esibhedlele.
Ukuba umntwana lowo usesezingqondweni yaye kubanakala iimpawu zokuba uginye ityhefu, ungazama ukumgabhisa.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uginye ichiza lokucoca okanye iasidi enobungozi, musa ukumniika nantoni na yokusela kuba kaloku isiselo eso singangahlangani netyhefu leyo ze zenze umonakalo omkhulu ngaphakathi esiswini somntwana.
Ukuba umntwana uthe waphatha ichiza elinganobungozi kulusu lwakhe ngokuphathwa nje, mkhulule loo mpahla inokuba yosulelekileze umhlambe ulusu, iinwele neenzipho - uqale ngamanzi acocekileyo ze ulandelise ngokuwahlanganisa nesepha. Yithi ke ekugqibeleni uhlambisise ulusu olo ze ulosule.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uthe wangenwa lelo chiza linobungozi emehlweni, hlamba iliso elo ngocoselelo ngamanzi adikidiki isithuba sexesha elifikelela kwishumi lemizuzu.
Gcina umntwana lowo ngendlela aza kuziva kamnandi ze umse kwelona ziko lononophelo lwempilo likufutshane nendawo enihlala kuyo.
Ngalo naluphi na uncedo olufunayo, qhagamshelana neklinikhi ekufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane uncedo lolusuka kwiingcali.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.H.86404.86404.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu shicilelo luqulethe iingcebiso ngokonga amanzi ekhayeni, emsebenzini kwanasesitiyeni sakho. Kungayinto elula nje ukonga ishumi ekhulwini kwimali oyihlawula emanzini ngonyaka, ngaphandle kokwenza nantoni na eza kuguqula kakhulu indlela obuphila ngayo ubomi bakho.
Yivale impompo xa uhlamba amazinyo akho (oku ke konga malunga namashumi amabini eelitha zamanzi), okanye xa ucheba iindevu (eli ke lona longa ukuya kumashumi amane anesihlanu eelitha zamanzi!).
Isitya sokuhlambela sisebenzisa amanzi abeleleka kwikhulu elinamashumi amathandathu eelitha zamanzi. Sebenzisa ishawa ebdaweni yesi sitya sokuhlambela, kodwa ke ukuba kunyzelekile ukuba usebenzise sona, sebenzisa isitya esincinane okanye uhlambe nomnye umntu.
Qinisekisa ukuba umatshini wakho wokuhlamba impahla kwakunye nesitya ohlambela kuso izitya zigcwele phambi kokuba uzisebenzise.
Cinga phambi kokuba uhlambisise iiglasi namacephe phantsi kwamanzi abalekayo.
Nciphisa amaxesha oyigungxula ngawo indlwana yangasese. Ukufaka isingxotyana esibizwa ngokuba yiHippo okanye ke ukubeka ibhotile yeplastiki ethwala iilitha ezimbini uyigcwalise ngamanzi kwithobi lendlu yakho yangasese kungakongela amanzi ama-7300 eelitha ngonyaka.
Khangela ukuba indlwana yakho yakho yangasese ayivuzi na ngokuthi ugalele amathontsasa edayi yokutya kwithobhi lakho - ukuba loo mbala ungena kweso sitya, iyavuza. Ukuvuza kwendlwana yangasese kungakuchithela amanzi afikelela kwiilitha ezingamashumi amathathu ngeyure!
Impompo echiphizayo (ithontsi elinye ngomzuzwana) ingakuchithela iilitha zamanzi ezifikelela kumashumi amathathu ngeyure - nto leyo eyenza ulahlekelwe lishumi lamawaka eelitha zamanzi ngonyaka!
Qinisekisa ukuba uyajonga ukuba indlwana yakho yangasese nempompo azivuzi ekhayeni lakho, esikolweni okanye emsebenzini ze ubize umntu ozilungisayo ukuba kukho ukuvuza okukhoyo. Ngamaxesha amaninzi imali ehlawulwayo ukungciba ukuvuza kubuyiswa ziintlawulo ezehlileyo zamanzi ngexesha elithile (amaxesha amaninzi ibuyiseka kwixesha elingaphantsi konyaka).
Ingaba usihlamba ngombhobho isithuthi sakho Khawucinge ngomahluko xa ubunokusebenzisa amabhakethi amabini amanzi ekuhlambeni esi sithuthi Oku ke kukongela amanzi afikelela kwiilitha ezingamashumi amathathu ngalo lonke ixesha uhlamba isithuthi sakho?
Izitiya zengca zizezona ndawo zinkcenkceshelwa kakhulu yaye zisebenzisa amanzi awaphinda-phinda kane amanzi asetyenziswa zezinye izitya. Qwalasela indlela onkcenkceshela ngayo, ingaba amanzi onkcenkceshela ngawo aphumela esitalatweni?
Nkcenkceshela isitiya sakho kuphela ngaphambi kwentsimb yeshum ekuseni okanye ke emva kwentsimbi yesine malanga.
Wuqwalasele nomba wokusebenzisa amanzi obuhlamba ngawo kwanawezitya ekunkcenkcesheleni iaiatiya sakho. Iinkqubo zokphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi abesele esebenzile ziyafumaneka ezivenkileni.
Khumbula eli cebo: ukunciphisa amathuba okunkcenkceshela isitiya sakho, kodwa wenze nzulu (ixesha elide),kukhuthaza indlela enzulu yeengcambu, nto leyo wkhokelela kwizityalo ezomeleleyo. Le ndlela ingadala izityalo eziwongayo amanzi kwizityalo ezininzi ezaziwayo.
Ingaba umzi-mveliso okanye isakhiwo osebenza kuso silawula, okanye sinemitshini yokugungxula yombane Aba matshini ke zezona zinto zidlalayo ngamanzi. Ukuba akunakukwazi ukubatshintsha bangazisebenzeli koko bagungxulwe ngumntu, nceda uwacime amanzi emva kwexesha lomsebenzi nangeempelaveki. Njengomzekelo ke, izikolo ezikwenzayo oku zonga imali efikelela kumawaka amahlanu eerandi kumatyala azo amanzi onyaka?
Ingaba umphathi wesakhiwo enisebenzela kuso uhlmba iindawo zokusebenzela nezokuhamba zesi sakhiwo ngombhobho Lo mkhwa uyinkcitha nje wona ngokucacileyo (loo nto ke ikwathetha kwemali)?
Ingaba sele ukhe wakhangela na ukuba akukho zindawo zivuza manzi kwindawo osebenzela kuyo?
Ukulungiswa kwempahla yezindlwana zangasese nako kungakongela amawaka-waka eelitha zamanzi agungxulwe kungekho mfuneko. Izindlwana zangasese kufuneka zithathe ixesha eliyimizuzwana emibini ukuya kwemine yaye zona iindawo zokuchamela kufuneka zithathe imizuzwana emithandathu ukuya kwesibhozo, ubuninzi.
Kungayintot elula ukonga ishumi ekhulwini kwityala lakho lamanzi lonyaka, nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekwenzeni ngcono indlela obuphila ngayo bakho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.109367.109367.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lichaza ukuba ngawaphi na amacebo athatyathiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amachiza akhuselekile.
Xa iWorld Health Organisation yaqalisa ngeenkqubo zayo zogonyo ngo-1974, apho kwagonywa abantwana behlabathi abangaphantsi kwesihlanu seepesenti. Amashumi amabini anesithandathu eminyaka emva koko, eli nani lenyuswa laya kufikelela kumashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu eepesenti zabantwana behlabathi. Izigidi ngezigidi zobomi babantwana baye basindiswa ze kwancitshiswa kakhulu nomthwalo wezigulo ezithintelekayo ngamachiza. Ngelixa izifo ezininzi zithe zaduka eluntwini, ngokumangalisayo ingxoxo ngokhuseleko logonyo isemi ngeenyawo.
Ukungathembakali kweenkqubo zogonyo eluntwini kukhokelele ekwehleni ngokumandla kwemigangatho yamanani amachiza (kumazwe athile la manani ehle ngama-25% kwiminyaka yoo-1990 ephakathi).
Iinkonzo zonxibelelwano lwehlabathi, ukwanda kolwazi lwabathengi, ulwazi olwandayo noluphangaleleyo kwinzululwazi kwakunye neengxoxo ezivulelekileyo ngemiba yempilo zibe negalelo ekuthabatheni inxaxheba koluntu kwimiba yononophelo lwempilo ze zakhokelela ekungathembakalini kwexabiso logonyo.
Ukugxininisa Kwiintshukumo Ezingalunganga Ezilandela Ugonyo endaweni yobomi obusindisiweyo kwakunye nomthwalo ocuthekileyo wezifo zibe negalelo ekuveleni kweempendulo ezisuka entliziyweni ngaphandle kokuza neenyaniso. Inani lamaqela ezikhangela iinkcukacha nolwazi ngeemveliso zamachiza lande kakhulu ngenxa yeentlekele ezehla mihla le kwicandelo loluntu lempilo.
Iintshukumo ezingalunganga nezayanyaniswa namachiza zifumane ukujongwa ngeliso elibi ze zagxekwa nokugxekwa luluntu. Kuyabonakala uluntu luyekile ukujongana nokoyika oobhubhane bezifo futhi kungoku nje lujongana nemiba engcno efana nomgangatho, ukhuseleko nokulingana.
Ukuba semngciphekweni wokosuleleka zizifo kwakunye nezigulo ezingumvuka wokungagonywa, kufuneka zixelelwe abazali kwanoluntu. Abasebenzi kunonophelo lwempilo nabo kufuneka bekhunjuziwe ngeenzuzo ezintle zogonyo.
Akukho mntwana kufuneka evinjwe ugonyo ngaphandle kokucingisiswa kweziphumo zoko, emntwaneni nakuluntu nje jikelele.
Ekuhambeni kweminyaka, lo Mbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo kwakunye namahlakani awo baqhubekeke besenza iinzame benikezela nangezibonelelo zokuphucula ukhuseleko nogonyo. Ubuchule obutsha bokwenza oku obufana nesirinji esinokusetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela buye baveliswa.
Ilizwe ngalinye lineCandelo Lesizwe Elilawula obu buchule elivavanya umgangatho wamachiza, nokuba aveliswa kwelo lizwe okanye ngaphandle, ze ekugqibeleni ibe kwalelo candelo elamkela okanye elikhaba ukusetyenziswa kwelo chiza luluntu. UMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo ulibona ichiza lisemgangathweni owamkelekileyo xa livavanywe licandelo elizimeleyo lesiawe elijongana nomgangatho wamachiza ngokwemigawo ebekwe nguwo. Kufuneka kungabikoh zingxaki zisalayo zayanyaniswa nomgangatho welo chiza. Onke amachiza asetyenziswe kwinkqubo yesizwe yogonyo kufuneka, ngokwelona nqanaba lisezantsi, amelane futhi athobele izidingo zemigangatho yoMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo.
Amachiza aqala avavanyelwe ukhuseleko nokuba ayasebenza ngokwenene na kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi phambi kokuba abhaliswe ze athengiswe apha eMzantsi Afrika. Onke amachiza athi avavanywe nguMbutho Ojongene Nolawulo Lwamachiza weli lizwe, obizwa ngokuba liBhunga Elilawula Amachiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza, umgangatho nokhuseleko phambi kokubhalswa nokqwamkelwa ukuze athengiswe.
Onke amachiza asetyenziswa kwiNkqubo ye-EPI(SA) enziwa ngokwemigaqo eqatha yokhuseleko. La machiza ayamelana nemigangatho yomgangatho, yokhuseleko neyokusebenza kwala machiza ebekwe nguMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo.
Amaqela lamachiza enzelwe ukusetyenziswa kweli lizwe avavanywa kwiNational Control Laboratory (NCL) eBloemfontein, ngaphambi kokuba abe nokukhutshwa. Emva kokukhutshelwa kwinkqubo yogonyo kukho inkqub esaqhubayo yokukhangelisiswa kokhuseleko nokusebenza kwamachiza ngokweemvavanyo kwakunye nokuthengiswa ezenziwa leli Bhunga Lilawula Amachiza, yiNkqubo ye-EPI kwakunye nabavelisi bamachiza.
INkqubo ye-EPI apha eMzantsi Afrika ize nenkqubo yokuphicothwa nokujongisiswa Kweentshukumo Ezingalunganga Ezilandela Ugonyo, ngo-1995, kuwo onke Mphondo eli lizwe.
nokuqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi na intshukumo efana naleyo ithatyathwa ngendlela eyamkelekileyo kwisigulana, abazali kwakunye nabo beza namachiza.
Iintshukumo Ezingalunganga Ezilandela Ugonyo zingaqala kububomvu nobuhlungu obuqheleke kakhulu kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti, ukuya kwizigulo ezinqabileyo ezifana nokuba sesichengeni sokungamelani namachiza okanye nezidlo ezithile 1:100 000 to 1:1 000 000 zokusetyenziswa kwechiza lemasisi.
Kwiingxoxo ezishushu eziza nogonyo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umlinganiselo wenkcaneko/wenzuzo kwanokubeka ezi Ntshukumo Zingalunganga Zilandela Ugonyo kwindawo eyiyo. Amachiza aziwa njengelona cebo lezononophelo lwempilo likhuselekileyo nelingatyabuli kakhulu emalini.
Iingxelo ezayamanisa ugonyo neAEFI ekusoloko kufumaniseka ukuba azinabunyani nezingenasiseko ziyaqhubekeka zivela njalo. Ezi ngxelo zingenasihlahla nezingaphandwanga ngokupheleleyo, zinethemba elininzi lokonakalisa indlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo. Iingxoxo ezilukhabayo ugonyo zisusela kwizoyikiso nokungaqondi kakuhle okungenasihlahla. Kubalulekile ke ukukhumbula ukuba UMNGCIPHEKO wokosuleleka SISIFO uphakame kakhulu kunalowo wokunikezela NGECHIZA.
Luxanduva loorhulumente, amaqumrhu alawulayo, ishishini lamachiza, abanikezeli beenkozo zononophelo lwempilo kwakunye noluntu ukunikezela ingxelo ngazo naziphi na iintshukumo ezigatya nezisengela phantsi ugonyo. Kukho isidingo sokuphendula kunikezelwe neenyaniso kwiinkxalabo zabazali nezoluntu jikelele.
Iindlela zokumelana nemiceli-mngeni iquka ukuhlanganiswa kwendlela ekhathakayo kubazali nakwiintsana, ulwazi olutsha kwakunye nengqondo eyakhayo yokujongana nogonyo. Akukho sidingo sakulukhusela ugonyo. Yinyaniso eyaziwayo ukuba izifo ezithintelekayo ngamachiza zinobungozi futhi yaye ugonyo luyazithintela!
Imiceli-mngeni emitsha kwicandelo lophuhliso nokhuseleko lwamachiza isankqenkqeza phambili. Amachiza anzima ayadalwa ze avavanywe futhi oko kuya kudinga iinkqubo neendlela zokuwahlola zale mihla. Kwangaxesha-nye la machiza kufuneka acuthe iindlela zokuniwanikezela, enze lula ubugcisa bokuwanikezela ze awanikezele nangamaxabiso amahle ze futhi kubonakale neenzuzo ezizizo kwicandelo lononophelo lwempilo yoluntu.
Ngaphandle kwezindlu eziphuculweyo, izindlu zangasese kwakunye namanzi acocekileyo, amachiza la abe neempumelelo ezingenakuthelekiswa ekunciphiseni ukufa nokosuleleka zizifo. Kwelinye icala, le mpumelelo ingakhokelela ekugxininiseni ngendlela engenasihlahla kwezinye izigulo ezibangelwa ngala machiza.
Umngcipheko wonxibelelwano unikezela ngothotho lwezixhobo zokucacisa ukuba sesichengeni ngokuthelekiswa neenzuzo. Xa sithetha ngokhuseleko lwaso nasiphi na isiyobisi, sithetha ngokhuseleko olubonakalayo, olo ke lukhuseleko oluthelekiswa nokungawasebenzisi la machiza.
INkqubo ye-EPI iya kuqhubekeka isebenza nawo onke amahlakani ukuphucula zonke iinkalo zogonyo, ezifana nokhuseleko lwamachiza, uqeqeswho kwanokusebenza neli shishini ukuphucula ubugcisa bokunikezela ngala machiza.
Kungokuphucula umgangatho wononophelo lwempilo kwanokuhlala sizigcine engqondweni iinzuzo eziza namacebo okuthintela ukosuleleka zizifo apho ihlabathi langomso liya kuba yindawo enempilo engcono.
iSebe Lezempilo liya kuqhubekeka liphakamisa inzuzo zokugonywa kwabemi boMzantsi Afrika, bonke abasebenzi kwicandelo lononophelo lwempilo kwakunye nabo banikezela ngoncedo lwezempilo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.15519.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke iinkampani nemibutho echaphazelekayo kule nkqubo adweliswe kuluhle olungezantsi apha ze nemisebenzi noxanduva lwayo ichaziwe.
Ifaka isicelo, ngembalelwano, sokuba ishishini lifumane iingcebiso simahla kumcebisi kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala. Ngapha koko, iingcebiso zinganikezelwa ngentlawulo enokuhlalelwa phantsi ithethwe isixhosa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.15519.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kweli nqanaba onke amashishini anokuba nakho ukufikelela kule mali-mboleko angathunyelwa ziibhanki kwiKhula, kwii-ofisi zommandla. Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zingafumaneka kwiKhula, kuNdlunkulu. Ngaphandle kokuthunyelwa ziibhanki, amashishini afuna ukuboleka iimali nalawo asele ebolekwa kakade akhe aziyele kwiThuso ngokwawo xa efuna.
Iibhanki, ngokusebenzisa iimveliso zazo zeemali-mboleko eziphantsi kweKhula Credit Guarantee, ziyakwazi ukufikelela kule nkqubo yeengcebiso yeThuso. Ukuze zifikelele kule nkqubo, iibhanki ezi kufuneka ziqhagamshelane nale nkqubo ngembalelwano, ngokwesiqhelo ke ngokuthi zithethe nomphathi wamatyala, umphathi weenkonzo zenkxaso kumashishini okanye ke umhlalutyi wamatyala walo bhanki ithile ifaka isicelo sokufikelela kule nkqubo.
iThuso le iya kuthi ke ngoko iqeshe umcebisi ofanelekileyo ze ke ibhanki le, iThuso naloo mcebisi bangene kwisibhambathiso, sibhambathiso eso siya kube silawula ubudlelwane besi sithathu. Esi sivumelwano (Imigaqo Yentsebenzo) siyanikezelwa kwiibhanki xa zisicela, ukuze zisijonga-jonge.
iThuso iyakwamkela yaye iya kunakana ukugcinwa kwesi sibhambathiso siyimfihlelo ephakathi kwayo, elo shishini kwakunye namanye nje amaqumrhu nabantu abachaphazelekayo kule ntshukumo.
iThuso ayiyiy kuvolontiya okanye ikhuphe naluphi na ulwazi oluyimfihlelo nakubani na ngaphandle kokuba bekuvunyelwene ngoku kwangaphambili nelo shishini; okanye ke, ukuba oko kuyimfuneko ngokwemigaqo yemithetho ethile elawula oku.
iThuso le iqala ikhangele indlela amashishini athile awahlawula ngayo amatyala alw ngokuthi icele ezo nkcukacha kwi-Information Trust Co-operation (i-ITC) phambi kokuba izicelo zawo zemali-mboleko zibe nokuthunyelwa kwiibhanki. iThuso iyazi futhi iyayamkela into yokuba iibhanki ziphinde zizikhangeleke ngokwazo indlela amashishini afaka izicelo zemali-mboleko awahlawula ngayo amatyala awo ngokweendlela neenkqubo zazo ke.
Umcebisi kufuneka aphendule kwiKhula ze angenise neengxelo zomsebenzi osele wenziwe. Iingxelo ezingeniaswe ngabacebisi kungabelwana ngazo neebhanki xa iibhanki ezo zicela.
Ukuhlolwa kwanokulawulwa kwale nkqubo yeengcebiso kuluxanduva lweCandelo leKhula Elinikezela Inkxaso Kumashishini.
La maqumrhu angene kwisibhambathiso salo msebenzi yiKhula, umcebisi neshishini elo. Izibophelelo zesi sibhambathiso zilawulwa sesi sivumelwano yaye ukuba zithe azahlonitshwa, zophulwa kuthe akwavisiswana, amaqumrhu la abandakanyekayo kuya kufuneka abuyele kwisibhambathiso eso nemigaqo yomthetho ekuso okanye ke efumanekayo kwimithetho.
Ishishini ebeliboleke imali lihlawula kuphela ama-25% eentlawulo zomcebisi, ngelixa iKhula ihlawula ehlawula intsalela engama-75% ekuqulunqweni kwesicwangciso selo shishini nesijoliswe ekufikeleleni kwimali-mboleko efikelela kuma-R300 000.
Ukuze lifake isicelo semali-mboleko egqithileyo ku-R300 000 ukuya kuma kwi-R5 ubukhulu, ishishini elo lifaka igalelo lalo elingama-50% kwiintlawulo zokuqulunqwa kwesicwangciso soshishino ze ke iKhula yona incedise kwezi ntlawulo ngama-50%.
Umcebisi uya kuthi ahlawulwe emva kokuphunyezwa kwesicelo semali-mboleko yiloo bhanki. iKhula ke yona, iya kuthi ihlawule isixa sombulelo kuzo zonke izicelo zemali-mboleko ezithe zaphunyezwa.
Ukuhlola okwenziwa emva kokufakwa kwesicelo semali-mboleko (unonophelo lwasemva kwale nkqubo) kuya kwenziwa ekuqaleni iinyanga de zibe ntathu ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
Kuyo yonke imisebenzi yasemva kokuphunyezwa kwesicelo semali-mboleko, umcebisi uya kuhlawulwa emva kokufaka isicelo sentlawulo kwakunye nengxelo ekholisayo kwiThuso, ngxelo leyo iya kuthi iqinisekiswe nguMququzeleli weThuso phambi kokuba enze isiphakamiso sokuba loo mcebisi ahlawulwe.
Esi sikhokelo ayiyokopi yokugqibela negqibeleleyo yolu xwebhu. Siya kuthi sihlaziywe ngokuhamba kwexesha nanjenengoko kuya kube kungena iinguqu neendlela ezintsha neziphucukileyo zokwenza izinto.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.47578.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkxaso-mali Yomntwana Ogciniswe Okwexeshana Kubanye Abazali.
Ungayifumana inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana ngomntwana ngamnye ongaphantsi kweshumi elinanye leminyaka ubudala, ukuba ungoyena mntu umkhathaleleyo. Oyena mntu ukhathalele umntwana usenokuba ngumzali wakhe, unina-khulu okanye uyise-mkhulu okanye nabani na ojongene noxanduva lokukhulisa lo mntwana, akunyanzelekanga ukuba lo mntu abe lilungu losapho lomntwana.
Ungayifumana inkxaso-mali yomntwana oxhomekeke kunonophelo ngomntwana ngamnye ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyala futhi odinga unonophelo ngamaxesha onke ngenxa yokukhubazeka ngokwasenyameni okanye ngokwasengqondweni, ukuba phofu ungumzali wakhe okanye umntu axhomekeke kuye. Zombini ezi ntlobo zenkxaso-mali zixhomekeke ekubeni uhlupheke kangakanani.
Ungayifumana kanti nenkxaso-mali yomntwana ogciniswe kwabanye abazali okwexeshana ukuba uqeshwe ngokusemthethweni njengomzali wakhe okwexeshana yinkundla. Ukuyifumana le nkxaso-mali kuxhomekeke ekubeni umntwana lowo uhlupheke kangakanani na, HAYI ekubeni wena uhlupheke kangakanani.
Awunakuyifumana inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana KWAKUNYE nenkxaso-mali yomntwana oxhomekeke kunonophelo ngaxesha-nye; ukuba umntwana wakho ukhubazekile kufuneka ufake isicelo senkxaso-mali yomntwana oxhomekeke kunonophelo, njengoko isixa sayo singaphezulu kwesenkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana. Kusenjalo, UNGANAKHO ukufumana inkxaso-mali yomntwana ogciniswe kubanye abazali okwexeshana kwanenkxaso-mali yomntwana oxhomekeke kunonophelo, ukuba ungakwazi ukuzifumana zombini.
Inkam-nkam yobudala ifunyanwa ngamakhosikazi angaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eminyaka ubudala namadoda angaphezulu kwamashumi amathandathu anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala. Inkam-nkam yokukhubazeka yeyabantu abadala abangaphezu kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala abangenakuphangela ngenxa yoko kukhubazeka. Ukuba wakhubazeka ngenxa yengozi emsebenzini, unganakho ukufumana imbuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo Yeengozi Zengqondo okanye Zomzimba. Ukuba wakhubazeka ngenxa yengozi yesithuthi, unganakho ukufumana imbuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela.
Inkam-nkam yamagqala emfazwe yeyabantu abadala abangaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eminyaka ubudala okanye nabani na ongakwazi kusebenza ngenxa yokukhubazeka, futhi owalwa kwiMfazwe Yokuqala okanye Eyesibini Yehlabathi okanye kwiMfazwe yaseKorea. Awunakufumana zibe mbini kwezi nkam-nkam zabantu abadala ngaxesha-nye; ukuba uligqala lemfazwe kufuneka ufake isicelo senkam-nkam yamagqala emfazwe njengoko ingaphezulu nje kancinci ngesixa kwezi zimbini, zixabisa ngokulinganayo.
ISebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu lingabonelela ngoncedo lwexeshana kwiimeko zeentlekele ngewonga lemali elibizwa ngokuba "liwonga lokuphelisa intlungu enkulu". Eli wonga lelabantu abangakwazi kubonelela iintsapho zabo ngeemfuno ezingundoqo ngenxa yentlekele yexeshana.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.47578.4.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungumqeshwa (umsebenzi) yaye ufumene ingozi emsebenzini ekhokelela ekukhubazekeni kwakho ixeshana okanye isigxina, ungafumana imbuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Eyimbuyekezo Yabantu Abonzakele Empangelweni. Nabani na ongene kwisivumelwano esibophelelayo sokunikezela ngeeenkonzo nomqeshi, ngaphandle komsebenzi wasemakhitshini oqeshwe kwikhaya labucala, uyabuyekezwa. Ingozi leyo kufuneka ichazwe ngokosuku eyehle ngalo, ixesha nendawo yaye kufuneka ibe yenzeke ngqo ngenxa yomsebenzi owuqeqshelwe apho.
Kwimeko apho ukhubazeke wonke umzimba kodwa okwexeshana, ungayifumana imbuyekezo elingana namashumi asixhenxe eepesenti zomvuzo wakho wenyanga, ukuya kuma kuma-R2 868,00 ngeveki.
Kwimeko apho ukhubazeke isigxina, apho inqanaba lokukhubazeka lifika kuma-30% okanye ngaphantsi, ungafumana isithonga sesixa-mali (esiyintlawulo enye) esiqhele ukuwuphinda-phinda kali-15 umvuzo wakho wenyanga. Kwimeko apho ukukhubazeka kusisigxina, apho ubungakanani bokukhubazeka kwakho bungama-30% okanye ngaphantsi, ungasifumana isixa-mali (esiyintlawulo enye) esiqhele ukuwuphinda-phinda kalishumi elinesihlanu umvuzo wakho. Kusenjalo, esona sixa-mali sincinci ngama-R20 385, oko ke ibe kukuphinda-phindwa kalishumi elinesihlanu kwe-R1359,00 (ukuba wamkela ngaphantsi kwe-R1359 uya kufumana amaR20 385). Esona sixa-mali sikhulu ngama-R104 445,00, oko ibe kukuphinda-phindwa kalishumi elinesihlanu kwama-R6 963,00.
Ukuba ubuzaza bokukhubazeka kwakho bulingana nama-31% okanye ngaphezulu, awuyi kufumana sithonga sasixa-mali, endaweni yoko uya kufumana umhlala-phantsi ngenyanga nganye. Isixa-mali somhlala-phantsi wenyanga ukuba ukhubazeke ngokugqibeleleyo, isigxina, ungakwazi kuzenzela nto (oko ke kukuthi 100%), silingana nama-75% esixa somvuzo ubuwamkela ngenyanga. Ukuba ubuzaza bokukhubazeka bungaphantsi kwe-100%, isixa-mali sokukhubazeka siya kwehliswa sibe ngaphantsi kweso sibekelwe umntu okhubazeke ngokugqibeleleyo. Ukuba ingeniso yomqeshwa li-R1 359 ngenyanga nangaphantsi, umhlala-phantsi uya kubalwa ngokubhekiselele kule R1 359. Esona sixa-mali sincinci somhlala-phantsi xa umqeshwa ekhubazeke ngokugqibeleyo isigxina, li-R1 019, 25 ngenyanga.
Apho umqeshwa asutywa kukufa khona, iqabane lakhe elisadla amazimba limelwe kukufumana isithonga sesixa-mali esilingana nomhlala-phantsi ophinda-phindwe kabini obuza kufunyanwa nguloo mqeshwa ukuba ebekhubazeke ngokugqibeleleyo isigxina umhlala-phantsi olingana nama-40% esixa-mali somhlala-phantsi umfi lowo ebeza kuwufumana, ukuba ebekhubazeke ngokugqibeleleyo isigxina.
Apho umqeshwa athi asutywe kukufa, umntwana wakhe ngamnye ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo ubudala umelwe kukufumana inkam-nkam yenyanga elingana nama-20% omhlala-phantsi ebiza kuhlawulwa loo mzali wabo ungasekhoyo ukuba ebekhubazeke ngokugqibeleleyo isigxina, ukuya kuma kubantwana abathathu kuphela. Esona sixa-mali senkam-nkam sikhulu esinokunikwa iqabane nabantwana baloo mqeshwa usutywe kukufa xa sidibene ngama-R9 321,00 ngenyanga.
Zonke iintlawulo ezihlawulekayo zonyango nezothutho ezidalwe yiloo ngozi nazo ziyahlawulwa yiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo.
Ungasifaka isicelo sembuyekeozo kwiNgxowa-mali kulo naliphi na elinye lala maziko emicimbi yabasebenzi.
Ingaba le mbuyekezo iyichaphazela njani inkxaso-mali yeSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Uya kuba nakho ukufumana inkxaso-mali yokukhubazeka ephuma kwiSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu nembuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo kuphela ukuba isixa-mali sokukhubazeka kwakho sincinci kangangokuba usengakwazi ukufumana inkxaso-mali yokukhubazeka ngokwemilinganiselo yemeans test. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba umvuzo wakho (kuquka nembuyekezo yokukhubazeka kwakho) ungaphantsi kwe-R1 410 ngenyanga, usenakho nokufumana inkxaso-mali yokukhubazeka?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.47578.5.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
INgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela yasekelwa ukuhlawula imbuyekezo kubantu abonzakele okanye abasutywe kukufa kwiingozi zeendlela ngenxa yokuqhutywa ngokungenankathalo kweenqwelo-mafutha eMzantsi Afrika. Le ngxowa-mali yasekwa kuba indlela yangaphambili eyayinyanzelisa abaqhubi ukuba babe ne-insurance xa kufakwa izimangalo zamabango embuyekezo ngabantu ababonzakalise ngenxa yokuqhuba kwabo ngendlela engenankathalo, yayingasebenzi kuba iinkampani ze-insurance zazingabi nakho ukuwahlawula onke amabango.
Le ndlela yatshintshwa ukuze endaweni yale insurance isisinyanzeliso, kubekho ingxowa-mali, efumana imali yayo kwirhafu yeentengiso zamafutha ezithuthi. Abantu bangawenza amabango embuyekezo kule ngxowa-mali ukuba bonzakele kwingozi yenqwelo-mafutha ngenxa yokuqhuba ngokungakhathali. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba awusenakho ukumangalela umqhubi wenqwelo-mafutha ongenankathalo ngokwenzakala kwakho, endaweni yoko, ufaka ibango kule ngxowa-mali ngokungathali kwakhe.
Ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yenqwelo-mafutha usemsebenzini oko ke kuthethe ukuba unebango kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo Kwiingozi Zasemsebenzini, kufuneka uqale wenze elo bango ubone ukuba liyakhatywa na phambi kokuba wenze ibango kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela ukuba ihlawule nantoni na engahlawulwanga yiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo. Nayiphi na imbuyekezo ehlawulwe yiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela iya kuthathela ingqalelo naziphi na iintlawulo owazenza kwi-UIF, xa ibala ingeniso ekupheleleyo ngenxa yale ngozi.
Kufuneka wenze isicelo sakho kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela kwiminyaka nje emibini emva kosuku lwengozi owonzakala kuyo. Ungalenza ngokwakho ibango ngokuthi ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo uForm 1 ze ungenise nazo zonke iimpepha ezifunekayo; okanye ungacela igqwetha ukuba likuncede kwelo bango. Khumbula ke kodwa ukuba igqwetha liya kufuna intlawulo ngeenkonzo zalo, ntlawulo leyo iya kuphuma kwisixa sembuyekezo oya kuyifumana kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela. Oku kuthetha ukuba akudingeki ukuba ulihlawule ngoko nangoko igqwetha, kodwa ke isixa semali oyifumanayo siya kucuthwa yintlawulo yegqwetha elo.
Isixa-mali esiqingqiweyo esihlawulwa kwibango lengozi yendlela yiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela sixhomekeke kwiindleko zakho zonyango, ukuphelelwa kwakho yingeniso (ngaphambi kwengozi nakwixesha elisezayo) ukukhubazeka kwakho kwaneentlungu nokusokola kwakho. Isixa esasihlawulwa ngo-2001 kwibango ngalinye yayingama-R28 318,00; khumbula ukuba esi sisixa sebango elikhulu namanye amabango amancinci amaninzi; isixa esihlawulwe kwityala lakho siya kuxhomekeka ngokupheleleyo ekubeni wonzakele kangakanani na nokuba yingeniso engakanani othe waphulukana nayo ngenxa yaloo ngozi.
Ingaba imbuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela iya kuyichaphazela njani inkxaso-mali ephuma kwiSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Ukuba, xa kuqwalaselwa nayiphi na imbuyekezo oyifumana kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela, ingeniso yakho isengaphantsi kwesixa esibekwe liSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu ngokwemigaqo yemeans test, usenokukwazi ukufumana enye yeenkxaso-mali eziphuma kwiSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba ingeniso yakho (kuquka nembuyekezo ephuma kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela) isengaphantsi kwe-R1 410 ngenyanga, usenakho nokuba kwimo yokufumana inkam-nkam yokukhubazeka?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.83012.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Yazi ukuba ngoobani na abahlala kwingingqi ohlala okanye ophangela kuyo, nokuba ngubani na ongahlali apho.
Kufuneka usoloko uwavulile amehlo akho ukuze ujongane nantoni enokuthi gqi.
Tshixa zonke iingcango uvale neefestile phambi kokuba uqhube isithuthi sakho.
Abaxhwili bezithuthi bakwaziincutshe zalo mkhwa; bayicwangcisa ngononophelo imisebenzi yabo yokuxhwila izithuthi.
Qinisekisa ukuba zonke izipili zakho uzimisa ngendlela ekukubonisa mbombo zone.
Zama ukumisa iimitha ezintlanu emva kwesithuthi esiphambi kwakho kuphawu lomgaqo lokumisa okanye kwizibane zendlela; oku kwenza kube lula ukuqhwesha ukuba kuthi kuvele uqhushululu.
Zizicelo zoncedo ezikhohlisayo.
Ngumntu ocela uncedo ekwisithuthi esimileyo.
Kukuminxwa nokuxinwa kwamasango esithuthi sakho.
Ukuba kuza kuwe umntu ongamaziyo ukwisithuthi sakho, qhuba uhambe ukuba unakho ze/okanye usebenzise impempe yesithuthi eso ukutsala ukundweba eluntwini.
Kufuneka usoloko ukhangela abantu okanye izithuthi ezikrokrisayo futhi ungathandabuzi ukugqithisa ingxelo ngabo emapoliseni.
Kufuneka usoloko uyilindele ingozi enokuthi ivele, ze futhi usoloko ujonge nendlela enokuvuleleka xa kufuneka uqhweshile nendawo onokuzimela kuyo apho endleleni.
Ukuba izikrokro zakho zenziwa ngumntu okanye isithuthi esithile kwingingqi enobungozi kakhulu, sithathe njengesinobungozi obukwelo nqanaba ze wenze intshukumo efanele loo meko (umzekelo, gqitha kwizibane zendlela ngoku zivalile ukuba ukwenjenjalo kukhuselekile; ujike ze uqhube ngesona satya sakhe sasikhulu uqhweshe kuloo ndawo yaloo ngozi inokwenzeka) ze ucele uncedo apho kunyanzelekileyo.
Kufuneka usoloko uyiphethe incwadana yakho yesazisi nephepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba apha kuwe, kwakunye nento yokubhala neyokubhalela zisoloko zilungele ukusetyenziwa ube nokukwazi ukubhala phantsi izinto ezibalulekileyo.
Ukuba unakho, kubaleke ukuqhuba kwiindawo ezimnyama. Abaxhwili-zithuthi bangenza ingozanyana; umzekelo, benze ukuba isithuthi sakho sitshayiswe nje kancinci ngasemva, futhi ukuba kukho nto ungayiqondiyo ngomntu/ngabantu ababandakanyeka kwimeko enjalo, qhuba uye kwiSikhululo Samapolisa esikufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane uncedo.
Ungaze uvulele ifestile okanye umnyango wesithuthi sakho namphi na umntu ongamaziyo. Ukuba umntu omkrokrelayo usecaleni kwesithuthi sakho esingenamntu ngaphakathi, musa ukusondela kweso sithuthi. Qhubekeka ugqithele kwindawo enabantu ze ucele uncedo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.83012.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Hlola umphandle nomphakathi wesithuthi phambi kokuba uvule.
Yazi indawo oya kuyo nendlela eya kuloo ndawo, ze ubaze amehlo hleze ulahleke.
Qhuba uzitshixile futhi/okanye uzivalile iifestile neengcango zakho ngalo lonke ixesha.
Gcina engqondweni nasiphi na isikhululo samapolisa esikwisithili oqhuba kuso.
Xa usehlisa umntu, qiniseka ukuba ukwisithuthi sakhe ngokukhuselekileyo phambi kokuba umshiye.
Kuphephe ukuqhuba kwiingingqi ekugquba kuzo ulwaphulo-mthetho okanye ongaziqhelanga.
Kuphephe ukuqhuba ebusuku okanye ekuseni kakhulu kwiindlela ezizolileyo.
Ukuba unakho, ungaze uqhube uhamba wedwa.
UNGAZE NANINI NA uchole ze ukhwelise abahambi ngeenyawo abacela uncedo.
Ungaze ulandele iindlela ezenzelwe ukuba zilandeleke xa uqhuba; tshintsha iindledlana zomgaqo ngamaxesha onke.
Musa ukushiya iifestile zivulekile umgama ongangesihlanu seesentimitha.
Xa ubuyela kwikhaya lakho ebusuku, qinisekisa ukuba isibane sangaphandle sikhanyisile, okanye kubekho umntu oza kukuhlangabeza emnyango.
Xa uphuma kwisithuthi sakho, lumkela futhi ujongisise naziphi na iziphazamiso ezikungqongileyo kwanezihlahla ezinokuba zifihle umxhwili-zithuthi.
Ungaze uhlale kwisithuthi sakho ungazazi izinto ezikungqongileyo. Ukulala kwisithuthi esimileyo kuyingozi kakhulu.
Xa ukufutshane nendawo ohlala kuyo, khangela izithuthi /abantu abakrokrelekayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.83012.5.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, awona manani maninzi abaxhwili bezithuthi ibe ngamadoda, ze ngaloo maxesha ibe ngabasetyhini abasebenza beziimbumba zabantu abane okanye abahlanu, ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezu koko. Abaxhwili bezithuthi bathanda ukuba batsha kakhulu, babe phakathi kweshumi elinesithathu nelinethoba nangaphezulu kancinci nje kumashumi amabini eminyaka ubudala, noxa ke amanye amaxhoba echaza nobukho benkokheli yeqela ebelikhangeleka ndadlana kunabanye. Abantu basetyhini basetyenziselwa ukulobela abantu abaza kuba ngamaxhoba kwingcingane ekhohlisayo yokuba bakhuselekile, kuba uninzi lwethu luziva lungekho mngciphekweni wabungozi xa kukho umntu wasetyhini, kunaxa kukho umntu/abantu abangamadoda.
Aba bantu ngamanye amaxesha banxiba kakuhle kodwa hayi ngawo onke amaxesha. Banokunxiba iidyasi okanye iijezi abanokuthi ngaphantsi kwazo bafihle izixhobo, ingakumbi imipu yesandla neemela, kodwa ngamaxesha athile oombayi-mbayi be-AK47.
Abaxhwili bezithuthi basebenzela kwiinqwelo-mafutha, nangona besaziwa nangokuhlasela behamba ngeenyawo. Izithuthi abazisebenzisayo azifani, kodwa ke ngokwesiqhelo iba zizithuthi ezinezantya eziphezulu kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha zibe neefestile ezinebala elimdaka ukwenzela ukuba kungabonakali ngaphakathi kwisithuthi eso. Imikhwa yabo yokuqhuba ikrokrisa ngoko nangoko. Phambi kokuhlasela banokuqhuba ngesantya esisezantsi kakhulu bajikeleze ingingqi ethile (ngokwesiqhelo ke iintsuku eziliqela phambi kohlaselo) bengenanjongo okanye ndawo ithile baya kuyo. Banakho nokuhlala nje kwisithuthi sabo esimileyo ecaleni kwendlela okanye kwigaraji yokumisa. Ngoko nangoko emva kohlaselo, iindlela zabo zokuqhuba zitshintsha ngokungalindelekanga. Baya kuqhwesha ngesona santya siphezulu, beqhuba mhlawumbi bephantsi koloyiko nokungakhathali, kodwa ke ngamaxesha amaninzi ngomoya wobukroti benga bayayinambitha okanye bayaqhayisa ngendlela abangawuhloniphi ngayo umthetho nomntu lo abasandula ukumhlasela esidlangalaleni. Banokungazinaki izibane ezibomvu zendlela, bazitsibe izitalato ekufuneka bemise kuzo bangene bephuma phakathi kwezinye izithuthi, ingakumbi kwiindlela zezithuthi. Oku kubenza babonakale kakhulu eluntwini futhi eli lithuba lokuba uluntu ludlale indima enkulu kakhulu ngokuthi luncedise ekubanjweni nasekuvalelweni kwale migewu.
Ingaba Kukho Iindlela Ezahlukeneyo Zokuxhwilwa Kwezithuthi?
Ukuxhwilwa kwesithuthiesisetyenziselwa ukuthwala, apho isithuthi senkampani sixhwilwayo, hayi kuphela ukufumana eso sithuthi, koko nomthwalo waso, oyeyona nto inexabiso kuloo mxhwilo. Amaxesha amaninzi, umthwalo lo ngowona utsala umdla wabaxhwili kunesigadla eso.
Ukuxhwilwa kwesithuthiesithuthayo, apho isithuthi sixhwilwa ngeenjongo zokuba sisetyenziselwe ukuthutha ngexesha lezinye iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezifana nokuthutyeleziswa kweziyobisi, ukuqhekeza, ukukhuthuzwa kweebhanki kwanokuqhwesha nemipu. Ezi zithuthi zithi emva kwexesha zikhutshwe amalungu athile okanye zishiywe nje kwezo ndawo.
Ukuxhwilwa kwesithuthingeenjongo zokuzibonakalisa, apho iqela lezihange lisebenza ngobukroti obugwagwisayo, lisenza oku nje liqhutywa yingcinga yokuba ukwenza loo mkhwa kumenza umntu azive enguye. Ukubona kubalingane nokuqhutywa kukungabhadli, abanye abantu kulo mkhwa bangakhokeleleka ekubeni benze ezona zinto zinobungozi nezingcolileyo, futhi ukungayenzi loo mikhwa kungakhokelela ekubeni banikwe amagama asengela phantsi afana nokuba kuthiwe umntu yi-sissy. Ezi zoyikiso, ubundlobongela nokonakaliswa kwempahla kwayanyaniswa nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ukuxhwilwa kwesithuthi kusetyenzwanjengombutho osesikweni , apho iqela lisebenza kunye ngokusesikweni ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo. Aba bantu ngamaxesha amaninzi baba namava amaninzi ekubeni izithuthi futhi sele besaziwa nabo besazi abanye abantu abakulo mkhwa abaya kuthi bafumane ezi zithuthi zibiweyo okanye amalungu ezithuthi ezibiweyo ze babahlawule ngazo. Futhi ke aba ngabantu abanolwazi ngoshishino lwamazwe ngamazwe lokuthutyeleziswa kwezithuthi ezibiweyo, umzekelo, Ukuthutyeleziswa kwezithuthi ezibiweyo zizswe eMzantsi Afrika nakumazwe angabamelwane.
Indlela yokuxhwilwa kwezithuthingokumiselwa kwawona matyathanga omeleleyo entsebenziswano, neyiyeyona icwangcisiweyo kuzo zonke iindidi zemikhwa yokuxhwilwa kwezithuthi futhi esoloko inamatyathanga entsebenziswano namazwe angaphandle. Amakhonkco entsebenziswano kumaqela emigulukudu axhwila izithuthi asekwa ngoyena mququzeleli mkhulu othubelezisa imisebenzi yelo qela ukuze ke yana ashiyeke engabonakali ngendlela efana nqwa nale isetyenziswa ekuthutyelezisweni kweziyobisi. Oku kwenza ukuchongwa nokubanjwa futhi kuvalelwe eyona nkokheli yale migulukudu kube nzima kakhulu.
Njengesongezelelo, iqela elisebenzisana kulo mkhwa lisoloko lixhaswa ngemali eninzi, ingakumbi xa kukho amatyathanga entsebenziswano namazwe angaphandle futhi lenza nantoni na esemandleni ukukhusela imisebenzi yalo ngokunyoba abasemagunyeni.
Zeziphi Iindlela Zokuphepha Endingazisebenzisa Ukukhusela Impahla Yam?
Qinisekisa ukuba nabani na oshiya indlu yakho uyafikelela kwizithuthi sakhe, ayiqalise, avale iingcango ze akulungele ngokupheleleyo ukuqhuba phambi kokuba uvule amasango. Cinga ngengqiqo ngalo mba ngawo onke amaxesha umntu eshiya amasango omzi wakho.
Ukuba unakho, qinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu oshiya amasango ekhaya lakho unakho ukwenza njalo kungakhange kufuneke aye ngomva endleleni. Ukubuya umva ngesithuthi kunyanzelisa umqhubi ukuba akholose ngokujongisisa ekuqhubeni, hayi kokunokwenzeka ngaphaya kwamasango aphuma kuwo. Kukwanciphisa nanathuba okubona mbombo zone.
Ukuba amandwendwe akho kuye kunyanzeleke ukuba amise ngaphandle kwamasango akho, walandele ngeenyawo uwase kuloo ndawo amise kuyo ze ujonge ukuba indlela ikulungele ukuba baqhube na. Ukuba unezinja, hamba nazo, ingakumbi ngokuhlwa.
Qinisekisa ukuba isango nendawo yakho yokumisa zikhanya kakuhle ngokuhlwa. Faka ezinye izikhanyisi ukuba ezilapho ziye zafa.
Qinisekisa ukuba inombolo yendlu yakho ibonakala kakuhle ngawo onke amaxesha, emini nasebusuku.
Fakela amasango asebenza ngombane, futhi uwajonge njengesidingo kunento nje yokudlala ngemali.
Ukuba unamasango asebenza ngombane kwakunye nempempe emnyango, qinisekisa ukuba amandwendwe akho ayakwazi ukufikelela kuyo ngaphandle kokuba kudingeke ehle kwizithuthi zawo.
Ekhayeni apho, xa kukho umntu ocofa impempe leyo futhi sele ugqibile ekubeni angene, musa ukumshiya emile elinde ngaphandle ixesha elide kunesiqhelo.
Musa ukushiya isakhiwo sakho okanye uthandabuze ukuqhuba usishiye ukuba uthi ubone umntu okanye isithuthi esikrokrelekayo kwisithili ohlala kuso.
Kufuneka ulumke nangakumbi ukuba uhlala kwirhangana engaphumeliyo, ngenxa yendlela enye yokungena nokuphuma. Abahlali abaninzi babhenela ekuvalweni kwezi rhangana zingaphumeliyo ze kuqeshwe noonogada kumasango azo.
Ungaze ushiye naziphi na iimpepha ezibalulekileyo kwisithuthi sakho, umzekelo, iincwadi zetsheki, iimpepha ezichaza iimali ezisebhankini, iimpepha eziqinisekisa intengiso, ii-akhawunti zeminxeba, amakhadi okuthenga ngetyala, izitshixo, izixhobo zokuvula iingcango, okanye iincwadi zembalelwano yakho, nantoni na enokunikezela ngeenkcukacha zobomi bakho, ngexa umisile okanye uqhuba.
Ukukhangelwa kwesithuthi, sinye kuphela isisombululo kulwaphulo-mthetho olunento yokwenza nokubiwa nokuxhwilwa kwezithuthi:kukufakelwa kwezixhobo zokulandelwa komkhondo wezithuthi.
Kufuneka Ndenze Ntoni Kwisiganeko Apho Ndixhwilelwa Khona Isithuthi?
Nokuba ngaba ungaziva unomsindo kangakanani na ngelo xesha, eyona njongo yakho kufuneka ibe kukujongana nokhuseleko lobomi bakho nobabakhweli kwisithuthi sakho. Ukulondolozwa nokukhuselwa kobomi bomntu kufuneka kube yinto yokuqala futhi kubaluleke ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into.
Musa ukwenza nantoni na eza kothusa abaxhwili abo Ungaqali nayiphi na intshukumo ngokwakho. Oku kunokunika abaxhwili ingcinga yokuba ufuna ukufikelela kumpu wakho okanye ungxolise impempe yesithuthi eso. Ukhumbule ke nokuba abaxhwili abo nabo baya kube bephaphazela futhi bengazinzanga, njengawe, okanye ngaphezu kwakho. Ungenzi nayiphi na intshukumo ngezandla zakho. Suka uxelele abaxhwili abo ukuba bangakufumana phi na abakufunayo. Gcina izandla zakho zibonakala kakuhle futhi zizinze ngokuphandle, ingakumbi ngasesifubeni apho banokuzibona kakuhle khona. Ungazinyusi ngaphezu kwentloko yakho njengoko abaxhwili aba beya kuyithabatha le ntshukumo njengokuba uzama ukwazisa omnye umntu ozihamelayo.
Phendula nayiphi na imibuzo ngenyaniso ingakumbi enento yokwenza nemipu.
Nditsho nokuba sele ukwisimo apho wothuke okanye woyika kangakanani na, zama ukumamela futhi uqonde ngqo ukuba aba baxhwili bafuna ntoni kuwe.
Zama ukugxininisa kwisithuba sokuba ungakwazi ukubachonga abahlaseli bakho kwixesha elizayo. Kodwa ke khumbula, oku akuthethi ukubajonga ngqo aba baxhwili, nto leyo eya kwenza kucace ukuba ubajongela ukubazi kwixa elizayo. Ukubajonga ngokuphandle kuya kubenza bangafuni ukukukhulula, njengoko beya kucinga ukuba unobungqina obuya kubenza bafunyanwe futhi bavalelwe.
Ukuba bathi bakuxhwile nawe, sebenzisana nabo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba unosana olulele kwisitulo esingemva apho esithuthini, nto leyo abanokuba abakhange bayiqwalasele, baxelele. Baxelele ukuba ukuqhwesha nosana lwakho kungenza nje izinto zibe nzima kubo. Bacele bakunike usana olo. Musa ukuya ngasesithuthini ungabonanga ukuba bakujongile futhi baya kulandela. Baxelele ukuba usana olo aluyi kubenzakalisa futhi alubabeki mngciphekweni. Yenza kwa oko ukuba unesilwanyana sasekhaya phakathi kwisithuthi eso. Musa ukuzama ukutyhala izinto de kufikeleleke kwinqanaba apho ubomi bakho bunokuba sesichengeni ngenxa yesilwanyana eso.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > I > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Umhlobo wam wafunyaniswa ukuba uphila nentdholongwane kaGawulayo kwisithuba seminyaka esibhozo eyadlulayo futhi uqalisa ukugula kungoku nje. Ungumzali oyedwa futhi ukhathzwa kukuba ngubani na na oya kujongana nentwazana yakhe eneshumi elinesibini leminyaka ubudala ukuba uthi asutywe kukufa. Undicelile ukuba ndiyihoyw le ntwazana, yaye ndiya kwenjenjelo. Ingxaki ke kukuba akazi ukuba makayichazele njani na le ntwazana ukuba uphila nale ntsholongwane. Ingaba kukho endinokukwenza ukumnceda kulo mba?
Impendulo: Into ekubalulekileyo ukuba umhlobo wakho ayazi kukuba lininzi ixesha lokucinga nokucwangcisa ekumele kwenziwe. Enye yezona zinto zinzima abazali abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ekufuneka bejamelene nazo kukuxelela abantwana babo ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Amaxesha amaninzi boyika kakhulu ukuthetha nabantwana babo. Kodwa ke oku kuthula kungayingozi kumntu wonke. Abantwana bayakhathazeka xa bebona ukuba kukho nto ingahambi ngendlela futhi bangazigxeka bona ngokugula nokukhathazeka kwabazali babo.
Ukuyixelela intwazana yakhe kungabaluleka ukuze ibe nokuzilungiselela ixesha apho unina athi asutywe kukufa, udinga ixesha lokuthi ndlela-ntle. Kufuneka babe kunye kangangoko banakho.
Ayiyo nto ilula kubazali ukuxelela abantwana babo ukuba baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Abantwana banokuzifumana bekwimeko efanayo naleyo abazali babekuyo xa babeqala ukufumanisa ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Umzekelo, kusenokuba baziva besoyika, benemisindo okanye benxunguphele. Kufuneka ikhumbuleke ke neyokuba ukuziva ngolu hlobo ngexesha lale meko yinto eqhelekileyo.
Xa exelela intwazana yakhe ukuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, umhlobo wakho kufuneka aqwalsele ezi zinto zilandelayo: (a) intwazana yakhe le ingabuza imibuzo emininzi futhi ingadinga inkxaso eninzi. Kubalulekile ke ukuba avunyelwe abuze imibuzo. (b) Zama ukunikezlea iimpendulo ezicacileyo nezinyanisekileyo. Kufuneka enikwe zonke iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo (c) Umhlobo wakho kufuneka ayithathele ingqalelo indlela intwazana yakhe eziva ngayo ngalo mba ze futhi ayikhuthaze ukuba ithethe ngendlela eziva ngayo ingakumbi ngoloyiko lwakhe ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu.
Kungabaluleka kakhulu kumhlobo wakho ukuba acele elinye/amanye amalungu osapho osapho (asele wawaxelela ngaphambil ngalo mba) ukuba abekho emva kokuba edize isimo sakhe ngale ntsholongwane kwintwazana yakhe, ukuyinika ufifana lokuba ungibani na yena. Ubukho bakho ukuza kunikezela ngenkxaso ngeli xesha linzima kangaka kuya kuba lulutho, njengoko buya kunceda ekusekeni ubunye phakathi kwakho nentwazana le. Ukuvumela le ntwazana ukuba iveze indlela eziva ngayo ngokosuleleka kukanina yintshologwane kaGawulayo kuya kuyinceda izive ixhasiwe. Oku kungakwenza lula ukuba ithethe nawe namane amalungu osapho ngonina emva kokuba ethe wasutywa kukufa. Intwazana le iya kudinga inkxaso eninzi ngoku ingakumbi ngexesha lokusweleka kukanina. Inkxaso enikwa intwazana yakhe iya kumenza umhlobo wakho naye azive ephumle.
Kungaluncedo kumhlobo wakho nentwazana yakhe ukuseka indlela yokuphilisana ekhayeni, into abaya kuthanda ukuyenza ngamaxesha onke. Oku kungenzeka kanye ngeveki mhlawumbi. Umzekelo, ukuba nesidlo esisodwa sasemva kwemini, ukubukela umboniso bhanya-bhanya kunye. Inokuba yinto intwazana le engakhetha ukuqhubekeka iyenza nawe emva kokusweleka kukanina, into eza kukhumbulula unina ngayo neya kumnika amandla okuqhubekeka nobomi.
Enye yeendlela zokudala iinkumbulo ezibalulekileyo ingakukugcina ibhokisi yeenkumbulo. Umhlobo wakho lo angaqokelela yonke into ebalulekileyo kuye ze ayifake kule bhokisi yeenkumbulo, umzekelo, ingalisuntswana lempahla enxitywayo, imifanekiso, izihombiso okanye amakhadi awodwa. Umhlobo wakho usenokubhalela intwazana yakhe incwadana yembalelwano eyixelela indlela ayithanda ngayo ze ayifake le ncwadi kule bhokisi yembalelwano ukuze ibe nokuvulwa emva kokusweleka kwakhe. Iintwazana le mhlawumbi ingafumana ukuzinza okukhulu ekuberni nento ebambekayo ukuze iyikhumbuze ngonina kwanothando abebenalo bobabini.
Bobabini umhlobo wakho nentwazana yakhe badinga inkxaso eninzi kweli xesha, futhi banethamsanqa ngokuba wena uzibnika ixesha lokuba nabo ubaxhase ngeli xesha linzima kangaka ebomini babo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.10.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Umbuzo: Ndiza kuqala ukuphangela kule nyanga izayo yaye sele ndenze namalungiselelo okuba umntu enimqeshele ukuba ajonge indlu yam ze ajongane nabantwana bam ababini, abaminyaka mine nemibini ngokulandelelana. Ndifuna aye kuvavanywa igazi phambi kokuba aqalise ngomsebenzi ngoba kaloku ndinexhala lokuba unokuba kanti uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi abantwana bam bangosuleleka. Ndingaqinisekisa njani ukuba ufumana uvavanyo?
Impendulo: Akukhathaliseki nokuba umntu ufumaniseka engenayo intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba aqalise ngomsebenzi, akho amathuba okuba angosuleleka ngeli xesha aphangelayo. EMzantsi Afrika akukho mthethweni ukunyanzelisa ukuba umntu aye kuvavanyelwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba ube nokumnika isithuba somsebenzi. Kukwagwenxa futhi ukugxotha nabani na kuphela ngenxa yokuba ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Nokuba umntu oqeshiweyo uzigqibela ekubeni aye kuzivavanyela intsholongwane kaGawulayo, umthetho awumnyanzeli ukuba anikezele ngeziphumo zolo vavanyo kumqeshi wakhe. Ukuba umqeshwa lowo wakwenza oko, umqeshi unyanzeleke ukuba alugcine olo lwazi njengemfihlo.
Nabani na ogqiba ekubeni aye kuvavanyelwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka efumene iingcebiso noncedo lwangaphambili nasemva kolo vavanyo. Umntu lowo kukwafuneka etyikitye nephetshana elichaza ukuba uziqonda ngokupheleleyo iziphumo zokuvavanywa igazi ngaphambi kokwenza oko. Ngamazwi angawo, oku kuthetha ukuba, phambi kokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo, umntu ozisa kuvavanyo uya kufundiswa ngnetsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu, kuncokolwe ngomngcipheko wokufunyaniswa uphila nale ntsholongwane emva kolu vavanyo ze kuzanywe nokufunyaniswa ukuba bacinga ukuba bangamelana njani na neziphumo zokuba uphila nayo okanye akanayo le ntsholongwane. Umntu ofundisa lowo uvavanywayo ngalo mba uyakufumanisa ukuba kutheni na lowo efuna ukuvavanywa nje ze amazise nangamalungelo akhe ngokomthetho. Ukuba umntu lowo uhe wafumaniseka ephila nale ntsholongwane, umntu ofundisa ngale ntsholongwane neziphumo zokuphila nayo uya kuzama ukufumanisa ukuba angakuthintela njani na ukosuleleka kwabanye abantu yintsholongwane kaGawulayo lo mntu aphila nayo.
Ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu kwenzekile apho abasebenzi basiwa kuvavanywa igazi, ngabaqeshi babo futhi ngaphandle kokunikezela ngemvume yokwenza oko. Oku ke kubizwa njengohlaselo. Ngaphaya koko, nawuphi na umsebenzi wononophelo lwempilo othi azise umqeshi ngesimo somqeshwa wakhe ngokwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphandle kwemvume yaloo mqeshwa, uyakube unetyala lokonakalisa ngendlela emasikizi yokwaphula isibhambathiso sokugcina ezo ndaba ziyimfihlo.
Abantu abaninzi baxhalabile besoyika ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, okanye ke ngomngcipheko wokosuleleka kwabantwana babo. Noko kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo ayosuleli nje ngokuhlangana noluntu. Ukuba oku bekunjalo, phantse sonke besiya kube siphila nale ntsholongwane kungoku nje njengoko sisoloko sikunye nabantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane.
ukwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga nomtu ophila nale ntsholongwane umama ophila nale ntsholongwane angosulela umntwana wakhe ngexesha esakhulelwe, ngexesha lokubeleka okanye ke xa ancancisayo ukuhlanga negazi elinale ntsholongwane.
UMzantsi Afrika unenye yezona nkonzo zokunikezelwa kwegazi ezikhuselekileyo ehlabathini. Ngapha koko, asifane sihlangane negazi lomnye umntu. Ukze umntu abe nokosuleleka ngale ndlela, kuya kufuneka abe nenxeba apho eli gazi linale ntsholongwane liyakungena khona 7ukuze liye kufikelela kumthombo wegazi. Abantu abaninzi ababuzwa ukuba bagqibela nini na ukuhlangana negazi lomnye umntu, ngale ndlela, bazifumana bengenakuwuphendula lo mbuzo. Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuthintela ukosuleleka sesi sifo kukuzixhobisa ngolwazi ze wenze njengoko kulindelekile.
Abanye abasebenzi basemakhitshini abafunyaniswa bephila nale ntsholongwane baba sethamsanqeni lokuzifumana bekwazi ukuxelela abaqeshi babo abathi babanika inkxaso. Aba baqeshi bayayazi into yokuba abantu baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo nabo bakwangaziintloko zamakhaya abo yaye kulindeleke ukuba bawaxhase ngandlela zonke loo makhaya futhi eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngumgangatho womsebenzi wabo, hayi indaba yokuba bephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.11.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Umbuzo: Ndingumhlobo osenyongweni womntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Ndingamnceda njani lo mhlobo wam ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ze kwangaxesha-nye ndijongane neziphazamiso zale ntlungu ebomini bam nakubudlelwane bam nabanye abantu?
Njengomntu onikezela inkxaso izinto ezibangela ukuikhathazeka kwakho zingafana nezo zikhathaza lowo uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Ukuziva unomsindo, usoyika, udangele, uxhwalekile, ungenakuncedakala nokungazinzi zonke zingavela ziphinde zihambe nanini na. Ezi ndlela zokuziva ziqhelekile, kodwa ke kusenzima ukumelana nazo. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba uzichonge futhi uzazi ezona ndlela uziva ngazo ngesihlobo sakho ze ufumane inkxasi yokumelana nazo.
Ngokobudlelwane onabo nabantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo ntsuku zonke, ukuziguzula kwizinto ezithile, impixano, ukuxhomekeka, intiyo, ukutshintsha kwendima oyidlalayo kwakunye nesondo zingangumba otshis' ibunzi. Kubanye abantu, usapho, izimali, kwakunye nokubekwa eli hlazo lokuphila kwanokwayanyaniswa nesi sifo kungabeka eminye imithwalo emagxeni akho.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba nangona izidingo nendlela oziva ngayo zinokubonakala zingabalulekanga xa uzithelekisa nezo zabantu abasenyongweni, akufuneki bamele ngsemva. Nabo babalulekile ebomini babantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Ukuba akuthi umelane nendlela oziva ngayo nezidingo zakho, ziyakwanda, zidale ukungazinzi nentiyo, kwakunye nothotho lwezinye iindlela zokuphila ezingatshongo khona.
Eyona iyiyo yokumelana nazo kukuthetha ngazo kumntu oziva ukhuselekile xa unaye. Gelixa unokukwazi ukuthetha ngazo kwezinye zezihlobo zakho, oku akusoloko kunjalo. Izihlobo azizokusoloko ziziqonda futhi zicacelwa zizinto ezikuhluphayo. Kwakhona, usenokuba wafunga ukuba akusokuze uxelele mntu ngalo mba ze ungakwazi kuxelela nesona sihlobo sakho sisenyongweni.
Enye indawo onokuzikhupha kuyo iinzingo zakho, onokwabelana kuyo ngamava akho kuyo ze ufumane nenkxaso liqela lenkxaso. Le ke ingayindawo ekhuselekileyo onokukhuphela kuyo izinto imiba izinto ongazithandiyo nezingakhiyo, ezifana mhlawumbi, ukucekisa, ukuziva unetyala, uloyiko okanye ke nobundlavini ngaphandle kokuzibona unetyala ngaloo nto, futhi ngapnhandle kokonzakalisa mntu kuloo nquleqhu.
Ngaphandle kokunikezela ngenkxaso yomphefumlo, amaqela enkxaso anganakho nokunceda ekudaleni amakhonkco onxibelelwano, imiba yonyango okanye yononophelo, iingxaki zemali, ngokuthi, umzekelo, uqalise ngeshishini lesitiya sezityalo okanye okanye ukufunda izakhono ezifana nokuhlanganisa iintsimbi zeisxhosa, unonophelo lwabantwana kwakunye nezakhono zokuba ngumzali.
Abantu abaphila nentaholongwane kaGawulayo kunye noGawulayo kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba bazimanye namaqela anikezela inkxaso kumaxhoba entsholongwane kaGawulayo kwangezizathu ezinye. Kubalulekile ukuba abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo bazi ukuba bayaxhaswa. Ngokuba nabo nje, umamele, unakane ze ucacise ukudideka, ukubamba, ukuthula, ukuhleka, nokukhala nabo ngamanye amaxesha yeyona nto ilungileyo nefanelekileyo onokuyenza.
Njengesihlobo, unethuba elangeziweyo lokwabelana, ithuba elaneleyo lokubulela ixesha enibe nalo kwakunye namathuba okunxibelelana anzulu nasenyongweni nikunye.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.12.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Isihlobo sam esisenyongweni sisanda ukundishiya sibulawa ngulo Gawulayondini futhi andikwazi tu ukumelana nenyaniso yokuba akasekho, ngaphezu kok futhi, ebengabeki themba kubuhlobo bethu de wakwazi nokundifihlela ukuba ubephila nentsholongwwane kaGawulayo Ndingenza ntoni ngalo mba?
Impendulo: Kuyacaca ukuba ikuphethe kabuhlungu into yokushiywa sisihlobo sakho esisenyongweni. Enye yezona zinto zinzima kakhulu ebomini kukuphulukana nesihlobo esisenyongweni, ingakumbi kusekho into ebeningekayenzi nobabini.
Ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo sele kudale imeko yokungathembani, ngamanye amaxesha nkqu naphakathi kwezona zihlobo zisenyongweni. Esinye sezizathu zoku ibe kukubekwa ibala kabuhlungu, usayanyaniswa nesi sigulo. Koku kubekwa ibala oku kudale ukuba abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo bale ukwabelana ngolwazi lwezimo zabo nabanye abantu, nkqu nabo basenyongweni nabaziintandane zabo. Ukufumana isiphumo esithi uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kuthi kudale intlekele nokuba ikumila kunjani na kulo mntu uxelelwa ngezi ezi ziphumo. Akukhathaliseki nokuba zimlungele okanye zimnceda njani na iingcebiso noncedo alunikwayo umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, akufunekanga sibudele ubunzima bomothuko umntu awufumanayo akuxelelwa ukuba kuthe kanti uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Umcebisi yena buqu akasali engachaphazeleki ziziphumo ekufuneka ezinikezele. Abacebisi ekuhlanganwa nabo Kumaziko Empilo Asekuhlaleni bafumene uqeqesho neengcebiso eziluqilima ezingeziphumo zokucebisa abantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane, luqeqesho olo lubanika amandla okwenza lo msebenzi bawenzayo. Uninzi lwabo kudala lwaba ngabacebisi ngoko ke banamava angummangaliso. Bayakwazi ukunikezela ngenkxaso edingekayo nekhatshwa luthando novelwano ze banikezele nangolwazi olufanelekileyo ukuze babe nokufumana imvume ethatyathwe ngolwazi kwabo babancedayo phambi kokwenza uvavanyo, ze futhi abo bancedwayo bakwazi ukumelana neentliziyo ezibuthathaka zabo bantu xa iziphumo sele zisaziwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu bangaze baluvumele uyavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphandle kokufumana iingcebiso ngaphambi nasemva kolo vavanto kumcebisi oqeqeshiweyo.
Kungenxa yale ngcaciso ingentla apha apho ndinethemba lokukuqinisekisa ukuba ngelixa isihlobo sakho sikhethe ukungakuxeleleli ngesimo sakhe, ebenokuba ufumana eyona nkxaso neengcebiso ezimlungeleyo ngexesha leengcebiso nelovavanyo.
Ngelixa ndinganqweneli kubunciphisa nakancinci ubuzaza bentlungu nenkxwaleko okuyo ngenxa yokushiywa sisihlobo ngenxa yokubiwa zizifo ezayanyaniswa noGawulayo inbgazange ikuxelele wena ukuba iphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, ndingathanda ukukucacisela ukuba kwenzeka ntoni na emntwini xa afumana iziphumo zokuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukufunyaniswa uphila nale ntsholongwane kunyanzelisa ukuzikisisa jukucinga oku nokuzifuna, ngelixa ukwaxhwalekile. Intlekele ke eza nale meko ingahlala kuwe iveki zilandelelane ngelixa uzama ngandlela zonke ukumelana nokuphila nezi ndaba, futhi ucinga nokuba baza kuthini na abantu abasenyongweni kuwe (izihlobo nezalamane) kunye nabanye. Xa efumana iziphumo ezithi uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, uthi othuke kuba kaloku ezo zisenokuba zezona ndaba zibuhlungu loo mntu wakha waziva ebomini bakhe. Amaxesha amaninzi lo mothuko mkhulu kangangokuba emva kokufumana ezi ndaba, umntu uhlala ekhumbula ukuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo qha.
Enye yezona mo zinzulu umntu azifumana eguntyungelwe yiyo luloyiko. Uloyiko lokunokwenzeka emntwini, uloyiko lwekamva, uloyiko lokuahlwa lusapho, zizihlobo, uloyiko lokukhathaza isihlobo okanye iqabane elisenyongweni ngokuthi uze nezi ndaba. Xa ndithetha ngamava am eminyaka ngeminyaka kweli candelo lokucebisa nokuthuthuzela amaxhoba, mhlawumbi ndiseza kuhlangana nomntu ongacingiyo nangaliphi na ixesha ukuba iindaba zokuphila kwakhe nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ziya kubakhathaza kangakanani na abantu abasenyongweni kuye nokuba zingayintoni na iziphumo zoko.
Umsindo, ukudana ze ngamanye amaxesha ukuzibeka ityala zidlala indima enkulu kwiintlobo zezigqibo eziquka ukwazisa izihlobo ezisenyongweni. Ezi mo zisoloko zijoliswe kulo kwalulo mntu wazo. Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuba umntu ancokole ngezi mo kubantu abakhuselekileyo nabanikezela inkxaso. Abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baba sesichengeni, ngokwasenyameni nangokwasemphefumlweni. Kodwa ke ngamanye amaxehsa bakhetha ukwabelana ngale meko nabacebisi nabathuthuzeli abaqeqeshiweyo, kunokuyincokola nezihlobo namalungu osapho asenyongweni kuba kaloku ukwenza njalo kuya kumgumbungela kakhulu.
Kuba nzima ukuzipha amandla kumaungu osapho xa kukho kwalapha elusatsheni, umntu obuthathaka. Ngoko ke abantu bangakhetha ukuncokola le meko nabacebisi nabathuthuzeli abaqeqeshiweyo kuphela; apho baqinisekiswayo ngokhuseleko, indawo yokukhupha indlela umntu aziva ngayo ngaphandle kokufihla nto; apho indlela umntu aziva ngayo iya kukhutshwa ngentlonipho, imbi okanye intle, imo apho umntu angazokubekwa tyala nengakhethi cala. Enye yezona meko zoloyiko kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kuxa umntu esoyika ukuba uza kuphulukana nenkxaso ayidingayo yosapho nezihlobo. Uloyiko lokuba le nkxaso ingaphela lwenza abantu bazifihle ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Ndiyayiqonda nento yokuba usenokuba nemibuzo engenakuze iphenduleke. Ndingacebisa ke ngoko ukuba uzinike ilungelo lokuziva udakumbile, unomsindo, ukhathazekile. Akuyi kukunceda tu ukuyifihla nakuwe lo indlela oziva ngayo. Kwilixa elithile ungafumanisa kunyanzelekile ukuba wenze into ebonakalayo efana nokundwendwela ingcwaba lakhe, okanye wenze into ebenithanda ukuyenza nobabini, nto leyo eza kubuyisa iinkumbulo ezimnandi. Uya kufumanisa ke, ngokuhamba kwamaxesha, ukuba: "Intlungu ayipheli, kodwa ngoku behlile ubuzaza". Ukuba kunyanzelekile, thetha nomcebisi othuthuzelayo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.14.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Udad' wethu sele eqalise ukusebenzisa ukusebenzisa amachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi ndixhalabile kuba ndicinga ukuba kuya kufuneka ndiqalise kuwo mnan kungekudala. Undixelele ukuba umcebisi wakhe uthe wonke umntu osebenzisa la machiza kufuneka aqhubekeke asebenzise iintsilathi. Kutheni kunjalo nje?
Impendulo: Yinyaniso emsulwa le uyixelelwa ngudad' wenu. Ukuba akusoloko uyisebenzisa ngendlela efanelekileyo intsilathi, usesichengeni sokukhula amanye amajoni alwa nala machiza. Loo nto ke ithetha ukuba la machiza awayi kuphinda abe nakho ukuyilwa le ntsholongwane.
Izinga lale ntsholongwane liya kwanda ze isibalo seeseli zeCD4 sona (iiseli ezimhlophe) esingamajoni ethu omzimba, siqalise ukwehla. Le meko ke iya kukhokelela ekuveleni kwezinto eziza kulwa nala machiza emzimbeni ze le ntsholongwane iphumelele ekuziphinda-phindeni. Ukuba oku kuthi kwenzeke, la machiza wayi kuba namandla akuyilwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Le nto ilwa nala machiza iya kuthi ibe namandla kakhulu ze yande nalapha emzimbeni. Ukulwa nechiza elinye (ngenxa yokungasebenzisi zintsilathi) kunokuthintela ezinye iintlobo zamachiza ukuba asebenze kakuhle emzimbeni.
Ukuba akuzinikeli ekusebenziseni iintsilathi rhoqo nangendlela eyiyo, ungosulela abantu olala nabo ngaphandle kwentsilathi, ngale nto ithintela amachiza ukuba asebenze ngendlela eyiyo. Oko kuthethe nokuba abantu onokuba ubosulelele, abayi kuba nakho ukusebenzisa la machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwne kaGawulayo ngexesha abakulungele ngayo ukuwasebenzisa, noxa ke bengazange bawasebenzisa nje ngaphambili, kuha kaloku baqale ngale nto ilwa nala machiza, abayifumene kuwe.
Xa umntu sele ekulungele ukuzinyanga ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo, kunyanzelekile ke ukuba loo mntu aye kubonana nogqirha kwiklinikhi yala machiza, gqirha lowo uya kuthi emva kovavanyo afikelele kwisigqibo ekubeni izinga lempilo yaloo mntu liyanyanzelisa na ukuba asebenzise unyango lwala machiza.
Umcebisi othuthuzelayo lo uya kuchitha ixesha naloo mntu ekhusini ze achaze konke malunga nala machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo afana, nokuthobela imithetho yokusetyenziswa kwayo, ukutya okusempilweni, ukuphila ngendlela efanelekileyo, njalo-njalo. Umcebisi lo uya kuyiphendula yonke imibuzo isigulana eso esinokuyibuza ngonyango ngala machiza.
Kuya kuba yimfuneko futhi, emva koko, ukuba umntu lowo azimase iimbutho zamaqela enkxaso njengoko umthuthuzeli lowo ecebisile. Oku ke akuthethi ukuba kuya kufuneka uncokole ngemiba yakho eyimfihlelo kubanye abantu, kodwa kukwenza ukuba wazi ngemiba emininzi malunga nonyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwimbutho ekhuselekileyo.
Emva kwezimbutho zenkxaso, kuya kubakho amanye amathuba okuthuthuzela nokunikezela iingcebiso kwisigulana esi nomcebisi (ubuso ngobuso), apho imiba yakho eyimfihlelo njengesigulana kwakunye neminye imibaenobuzaza echaphazela la machiza ingashukuxwa ekhusini.
Phakathi kwezi ndibano zahlukeneyo, isigulana esi singaya kumbona umcebisi waso xa kuthi kuvele nayiphi na ingxeki, nokuba loo ngxaki inento yokwenza nokusetyenziswa kweentsilathi okanye nantoni na enye enento yokwenza nonyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Nokuba ukulungele na ukuqaliswa kula machiza okanye akukulungelanga, kubalulekile ukuba uzinikele ekusebenziseni iintsilathi. Isigqibo sakho sokuzinikela ekusebenziseni iintsilathi asiyi kukhusela uluntu nje kuphela, kok siya kukhusela nawe ekubeni uhlaselwe zezi zinto zilwa nokusebenza kwamachiza alwa nale ntsholongwane ngoku nakwixesha elizayo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.15.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Umbuzo: Ndiqhuba ishishinana elisakhasayo elinabasebenzi abalishumi elinesibhozo kuphela. Ndisoloko ndisiva ngefuthe lentsholongwane kaGawulayo kushishino kodwa ke andazi ukuba mandenze ntoni na ngaloo nto. Nangona kunjalo ke abasebenzi bam bakhangeleka besempilweni. Zeziphi iingcebiso ongandinika zona?
Impendulo: Ukuba unabasebenzi abalishumi elinesibhozo, iinkcukacha-manani zithi abathathu okanye abane kubo basenokuba baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Xa bethe bosuleleka, abasebenzi abakwinqanaba lokuqala lokuphila nale ntsholongwane abazokubonisa zimpawu kwangoko. Ukuba ke kuthe kanti umntu akazazi ukuba uphila nale ntsholongwane, ze angenzi zinto ziza kunceda le meko, ungafumanisa emva konyaka okanye emibini ukuba, uninzi lwabona basebenzi bakho bephambili bathi bahlaselwe kukugula malunga nexesha elinye. Ngenxa yesi sizathu nezinye ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uxhobise bonke abasebenzi bakho ngolwazi ngale ntsholongwane ze bafumane nethuba lokuya kufumana ulwazi olugqibeleleyo kwanokuzivavanyela le ntsholongwane ngokwabo ngeenjongo zokufumanisa ukuba banayo na le ntsholongwane kusini na. Akukho mthethweni ukuba nayiphi na inkampani ivavanyele intsholongwane kaGawulayo abasebenzi bayo ngaphandle kwemvume yabo, ukuba nayiphi na inkampani ivavanyele le ntshoongwane umntu enomdla wokumqesha okanye ukuvavanyela abasebenzi bayo ngaphandle kokubacacisela ze ifumane imvume yabo imvume yomsebenzi lowo emva kokuba ecaciselwe kakuhle wonke umcimbi ochaphazela olu vavanyo.
Xa sele ukutshilo oko, uyalidinga icebiso ngokukhuthaza bonke abasebenzi bakho ngeendlela zokufikelela kwiingcebiso noncedo abaludingayo ngokuzivavanyela intsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kaloku yonke le nto iqala ekubeni uhlale usazi ukuba abasebenzi aba banelungelo lokwenza oku ngendlela eyimfihlelo ngokugqibeleleyo. Ngamanye amazwi ke, nokuba umsebenzi lowo kuthi kanti uphila nale ntsholongwane, akanyanzelekanga ukuba akwazise wena njengomqeshi wakhe.
Eyona ndlela isoloko ikulungele oku kukubuza umntu onolwazi olugqibeleleyo ngalo mba ukuze nibe nokufikelela kwizigqibo ngoMgaqo-nkqubo Wasemsebenzini weNtsholongwane kaGawulayo oquka isicwangciso-qhinga sokufundisa esilungele ngqo ishishini elo lakho. Umqaqo-nkqubo wasemsebenzini lowo kufuneka uqulunqwe liqela elibamele ngokupheleleyo ababaphathi, abasebenzi, abameli babasebenzi kwakunye nemanyano yabasebenzi. Inqanaba elilandelayo ingakukuba kukufikelela kwiingcali eziza kukuncedisa uqinisekise ukusebenza kwesi sicwangciso-qhinga sokwazisa nokufundisa abasebenzi , esidiza eyona miba ibandakanyekayo ekunikezelweni kweengcebiso nasekuzivavanyeleni intsholongwane kaGawulayo. Eyona njongo yoku ke kukwazisa nokulungisa iimpazamo zoluntu ngale ntsholongwane ngelixa kukwakhuthazwa abasebenzi aba ukuba baqwalaselise indlela abacinga ngayo nabaziphatha ngayo xa kukhankanywa umba wentsholongwanealo kaGawulayo ukuze babe nokufikelela kwizigqibo abanolwazi olupheleleyo ngazo ngomba wokuya kuzivavanyela le ntsholongwane.
Kufuneka ucacelwe kakuhle ngokuba uthini na umgaqo-nkqubo wakho ngabasebenzi abasele bephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo abasele befikelele kuwo onke manqanaba ale ntsholongwane, ukuba kuthetha ntoni na oko kubanye abasebenzi nakwinkampani ngokubanzi. Iinjongo zeenkqubo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo kufuneka ziquke iinjongo zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka kwanokugcina abasebenzi abasele bephila nale ntsholongwane bephilile.
Ngokomthetho, abasebenzi abanakugxothwa ngenxa nje yokuba bephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukuba nje umntu usakwazi ukuwenza umsebenzi wakhe bamele ukuhlala besebenza. Kuxa ekwinqanaba eliphambili kakhulu kangangokuba uyaphazamiseka ekwenzeni umsebenzi wakhe kuphela apho kunokuvumeleka ukuba umsebenzi asuswe emsebenzini abuyiselwe ekhaya okanye asiwe esibhedlele, kodwa ke nangelo xesha uya kube esazifumana izibonelelo zakhe njengomsebenzi. Okunye ke kukuba abasebenzi abanakho ukwala ukusebenza kunye nabo bazidizileyo ukuba bona baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Ixesha ke alisivumeli ukuba sikwazi ukumelana nayo yonke imiba ebandakanyekayo apha. Kwixesha elizayo siya kucebisa ukuba uqhagamshelnane nomnye wemibutho enikezela ngeengcebiso noncedo kumashishini amancinci nasakhulayo. Luyafumaneka ulwazi olunale mibutho kwi-ATICC.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.15.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > I > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Umbuzo: Ndiqhuba ishishinana elisakhasayo elinabasebenzi abalishumi elinesibhozo kuphela. Ndisoloko ndisiva ngefuthe lentsholongwane kaGawulayo kushishino kodwa ke andazi ukuba mandenze ntoni na ngaloo nto. Nangona kunjalo ke abasebenzi bam bakhangeleka besempilweni. Zeziphi iingcebiso ongandinika zona?
Impendulo: Ukuba unabasebenzi abalishumi elinesibhozo, iinkcukacha-manani zithi abathathu okanye abane kubo basenokuba baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Xa bethe bosuleleka, abasebenzi abakwinqanaba lokuqala lokuphila nale ntsholongwane abazokubonisa zimpawu kwangoko. Ukuba ke kuthe kanti umntu akazazi ukuba uphila nale ntsholongwane, ze angenzi zinto ziza kunceda le meko, ungafumanisa emva konyaka okanye emibini ukuba, uninzi lwabona basebenzi bakho bephambili bathi bahlaselwe kukugula malunga nexesha elinye. Ngenxa yesi sizathu nezinye ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uxhobise bonke abasebenzi bakho ngolwazi ngale ntsholongwane ze bafumane nethuba lokuya kufumana ulwazi olugqibeleleyo kwanokuzivavanyela le ntsholongwane ngokwabo ngeenjongo zokufumanisa ukuba banayo na le ntsholongwane kusini na.
ukuvavanyela abasebenzi bayo ngaphandle kokubacacisela ze ifumane imvume yabo (imvume yomsebenzi lowo emva kokuba ecaciselwe kakuhle wonke umcimbi ochaphazela olu vavanyo).
Xa sele ukutshilo oko, uyalidinga icebiso ngokukhuthaza bonke abasebenzi bakho ngeendlela zokufikelela kwiingcebiso noncedo abaludingayo ngokuzivavanyela intsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kaloku yonke le nto iqala ekubeni uhlale usazi ukuba abasebenzi aba banelungelo lokwenza oku ngendlela eyimfihlelo ngokugqibeleleyo. Ngamanye amazwi ke, nokuba umsebenzi lowo kuthi kanti uphila nale ntsholongwane, akanyanzelekanga ukuba akwazise wena njengomqeshi wakhe.
Eyona ndlela isoloko ikulungele oku kukubuza umntu onolwazi olugqibeleleyo ngalo mba ukuze nibe nokufikelela kwizigqibo ngoMgaqo-nkqubo Wasemsebenzini weNtsholongwane kaGawulayo oquka isicwangciso-qhinga sokufundisa esilungele ngqo ishishini elo lakho. Umqaqo-nkqubo wasemsebenzini lowo kufuneka uqulunqwe liqela elibamele ngokupheleleyo ababaphathi, abasebenzi, abameli babasebenzi kwakunye nemanyano yabasebenzi. Inqanaba elilandelayo ingakukuba kukufikelela kwiingcali eziza kukuncedisa uqinisekise ukusebenza kwesi sicwangciso-qhinga sokwazisa nokufundisa abasebenzi , esidiza eyona miba ibandakanyekayo ekunikezelweni kweengcebiso nasekuzivavanyeleni intsholongwane kaGawulayo. Eyona njongo yoku ke kukwazisa nokulungisa iimpazamo zoluntu ngale ntsholongwane ngelixa kukwakhuthazwa abasebenzi aba ukuba baqwalaselise indlela abacinga ngayo nabaziphatha ngayo xa kukhankanywa umba wentsholongwanealo kaGawulayo ukuze babe nokufikelela kwizigqibo abanolwazi olupheleleyo ngazo ngomba wokuya kuzivavanyela le ntsholongwane.
Kufuneka ucacelwe kakuhle ngokuba uthini na umgaqo-nkqubo wakho ngabasebenzi abasele bephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo abasele befikelele kuwo onke manqanaba ale ntsholongwane, ukuba kuthetha ntoni na oko kubanye abasebenzi nakwinkampani ngokubanzi. Iinjongo zeenkqubo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo kufuneka ziquke iinjongo zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka kwanokugcina abasebenzi abasele bephila nale ntsholongwane bephilile.
Ngokomthetho, abasebenzi abanakugxothwa ngenxa nje yokuba bephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukuba nje umntu usakwazi ukuwenza umsebenzi wakhe bamele ukuhlala besebenza. Kuxa ekwinqanaba eliphambili kakhulu kangangokuba uyaphazamiseka ekwenzeni umsebenzi wakhe kuphela apho kunokuvumeleka ukuba umsebenzi asuswe emsebenzini abuyiselwe ekhaya okanye asiwe esibhedlele, kodwa ke nangelo xesha uya kube esazifumana izibonelelo zakhe njengomsebenzi. Okunye ke kukuba abasebenzi abanakho ukwala ukusebenza kunye nabo bazidizileyo ukuba bona baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Ixesha ke alisivumeli ukuba sikwazi ukumelana nayo yonke imiba ebandakanyekayo apha. Kwixesha elizayo siya kucebisa ukuba uqhagamshelnane nomnye wemibutho enikezela ngeengcebiso noncedo kumashishini amancinci nasakhulayo. Luyafumaneka ulwazi olunale mibutho kwi-ATICC.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.16.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Ndiceba ukuya kuzivavanyela intsholongwane kasGawulayo. Ingaba kufuneka ndodwa okanye ndiye neqabane lam. Ukuba iqabane lam liyandikhapha, ingaba kuya kufuneka ndiveze imbali yemicimbi yam yesondo phambi kwakhe Ingaba akho amathuba apho kungalunga ndiziyele ndodwa?
Impendulo: Ukuba iqabane lakho liyavuma ukukukhapha yaye liyavuma nokuvavanyelwa intsholongwane kaGawulayo, le yenye yezona meko zibukelekayo. Enye yezona njongo ziphambili zokuya kuzivavanya nokufumana iingcebiso ngale ntsholongwane, kukuthintela ukosuleleka koluntu yintsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokutsghintsha iindlela zokuziphatha. Uphando lwehlabathi lubonise ukuba xa amaqabane la evavanywe omabini ngexesha elinye, amathuba okuzigcina kwesi sibini sikhuselekile aphakame kakhulu. Esinye sezizathu zale meko ke kukuba ngokuzivavanya nobabini nibonakalisa kuni nobabini ukuzinikela ekubeni sempilweni komnye.
Ngokuphandle ke nidiza elubala umba wokuthembakala nokukwazi ukuthembela komnye ekubeni akasoze angcolise ubomi bakho kolo thando.
Oku akuthethi noko ukuba amaqabane la acetyiswa ze afumane noncedo kunye. Kwelinye icala, kubalulekile ukuba abantu aba bacetyiswe ze bafumane noncedo ngokwahlukeneyo phambi kokuba ukuze kube nokukwazi ukufikelelwa kumba womngcipheko weqabane ngalinye kula. Le ncoko ke iba yimfihlelo ngokupheleleyo. Neziphumo zomntu ekuthe kanti uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ke zikwanikezelwa kumntu lowo wazo ekhusini ukuze abe nokufikelela ngokwakhe kwizigqibo Okuba uza kumelana njani na nalu lwazi andula ukulufumana. E-ATTIC, abantu banikwa ithuba xa belifuna, lokuncokola ngezi ziphumo zabo phambi kwabacebisi babo. Oku kuyasinceda esi sibini ukuba sincokole ze size namacebo okuthintela ukosuleleka nokuqwalasela eminye imiba ebalulekileyo efana nokuthembana kwilixa elizayo.
Ngamanye amaxesha iba liqabane elinye elifumaniseka liphila nale ntsholongwane. Iimeko ezinjalo ke ke zithatyathwa njengeemeko ezingangqinelayo ngokwesimo sanetsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo kuye kuphinda-phindwe ukwenziwa iimvavanyo zesi sifo ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukuba ngenene eli qabane lifumaniseke lingenayo le ntsholongwane lihlala linjalo kusini na, kuba kaloku kusenokuba lisekwixesha apho esi singabonakaliyo noko sikho emzimbeni. Kuyanceda ke ukuba la maqabane asoloko enikwa iingcebiso nenkxaso ngeli xesha leentandabuzo. Ngokucacileyo ke, xa omabini la maqabane efumaniseka ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, zikwaluncedo nalapho iingcebiso nokunikezelwa kwenkxaso eqhubekekayo ekubancediseni bakwazi ukumelana nemeko abazifumana bekuyo.
Ziluthotho ke iimeko apho kunokumnceda umntu ukuba aziyele kuvavanyo lwale ntsholongwane. Ezi meko ke zisukela kwiimeko zothando apho kukho ukungathembakali kwelinye iqabane kwelinye, unxibelelwano olufileyo kwakunye/okanye nobukho bamathuba empatho-mbi okanye obundlobongela. Kakade kukwakho nemeko apho uthando lwandula ukuphela, kodwa ke kufuneka ikhumbuleke neyokuba kunyanzelekile ukuba kulindwe iinyanga zibe ntathu emva kokuphela kwethuba lokugqibela lokwabelana ngesondo ngaphambi kokuya kuvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Enye into entle ke ukuba omabini amaqabane aya ngaxesha-nye kuvavanyo lwale ntsholongwane yaye iqabane ngalinye kuwo belingenaye omnye umntu elincuma naye/elabelana naye ngesondo ubuncinci isithuba seenyanga ezintathu le ngxaki yokufuneka ulinde ixesha iinyanga ezintathu ukuze kube nokufumaneka iziphumo ezinyanisekileyo nezigqibeleleyo ayibikho ukuba bobabini bafumaniseka bengenayo le ntsholongwane.
iATICC inikezela ngeenkonzo zokuya kufumana uvavanyo neengcebiso kumaqabane, nkonzo ezo zinikezelwa ngumcebisi onamava kwicandelo lentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.17.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Umbuzo: Ndivile ukuba urhulumente uya kube enikezela ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kubantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane kwilixa elizayo. Ndingathanda ke ukwazi ukuba le nkqubo iya kusebenza njani na ukuze nam ndibe nokufikelela kula machiza.
Impendulo: Unyanisile xa uthi amachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo aya kufumaneka kuluntu ngokubanzi, kodwa ke noxa kunjalo, abanyanzelekanga bonke abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuba bawasebenzise la machiza ukuphucula impilo yabo. Unyango ngala machiza lunceda abantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane ukuba baphile ubomi obude nobusempilweni kuba kaloku injongo kukunciphisa izinga lale ntsholongwane emizimbeni yabo (lowo ke ngumthwalo abanawo wale ntsholongwane emizimbeni yabo) kube ke ngoko komelezwa amajoni abo omzimba. Apha eMzantsi Afrika abantu abakwizigidi ezintlanu sele bephila nale ntsholongwane (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuthi omnye kwithoba ngalinye labantu uphila nayo) kodwa ngamakhulu amahlanu amawaka kuphela abantu ekufuneka befumene unyango lwala machiza kuba kaloku uninzi lona lusesempilweni. Elona xesha umntu ophila nentsholongwane ekuya kufuneka efumene unyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kuxa benesibalo se-CD4 esingaphantsi kwama-200 (esi sibalo se-CD4 ke luvavanyo olubonisa ukomelela kwamajoni omzimba) okanye isigulo esichaza ukuphila noGawulayo (umzekelo wesi sifo ke kukwehla kakhulu kobunzima bomzimba, isifo esidumbisa inwebu yobuchopho, isifo sokukral kwemiphunga, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, isifo sephepha esibetha ngaphandle kwemiphunga, izifo zomhlaza, izifo ezinento yokwenza nokungcola neencukuthu). Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ube kanti umelene nezi meko zimbini ngaphambi kokuba ube nakho ukufumana unyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo.
iNtshona Koloni yenza izicwangciso zokumisela xa kufika inyanga kaTshazimpunzi ka-2004 iya kube sele inamaziko alishumi elinethoba apho abantu baya kufumana khona la machiza ze amanye amaziko alishumi elinesine avulwe ekuhambeni kwaloo nyaka, nto leyo ke iwabeka kumashumi amathathu anesithathu la maziko okuzibandakanya koluntu nale nkqubo yokufikelela kumachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Izigulana eziphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuthunyelwa kule nkqubo xa isibalo sabo se-CD4 singaphantsi kwama-200 okanye kufunyaniswe ukuba baphila nesifo esichaza ubukho bukaGawulayo.
Umqathango wokuba isigulana eso kufuneka sibe kanti sizinikele ekusebenziseni olu nyango lumachiza mathathu ubomi baso bonke.
Ukuxelela umntu oza kuba 'ngumlingane kule nkqubo yonyango' okanye umncedisi wesigulana eso ukuqinisekisa ukuba le nkqubo iyathotyelwa futhi iyathobeleka. Kubalulekile ke oku, njengoko ukuthabatha usebenzise amachiza amaninzi nahlukeneyo ngexesha elifanayo ngosuku ngalunye, ntsuku zonke ubomi bakho bonke ingeyonto ilula ukuyenza ngaphandle koncedo. Isigulana eso kufuneka siyithobele imiqathango yokusetyenziswa kwala machiza ukuze siqinisekise ukuba umzimba waso ufumana amachiza awaneleyo kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba ayasebenza la machiza emzimbeni waso.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso asizintyintyi kakubi ngamachiza, ingakumbi utywala. Isizathu soku ke kukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso asiphathwa kakubi kukutyeka kwesibindi saso butywala obo. Ngapha koko ke, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa ngendlela yiyo nangenyameko la machiza xa umntu aphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala. Isigulana eso sikwakhuthazwa ukuba siphile ubomi obusilungeleyo nobusempilweni yaye saziswe ngeengozi zokusebebnzisa amachiza akhabanayo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso siya kuba nakho ukuzimasa imihlangano emithathu yokunikezelwa kolwazi kwanemibini yokunikelwa kweengcebiso noncedo ngendlela yokuphila. Le nkqubo ke iya kuthabatha iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezisibhozo ukuze ibe nokugqibelela. Injongo yoku iya kuba kukufundisa isigulana esi kuthotho lwezinto eziquka ulwazi ngala machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo, injongo yawo, ukuba asebenza njani, iziphene, ukubaluleka kokuthotyelwa kweemeko zokusetyenziswa kwawo kwaneemeko apho umzimba ungawevayo la machiza. Abacebisi ke nabo kuya kufuneka benze uvavanyo lwemeko yokuhlala neyengqondo yesigulana eso ukuze iqela lezonyango lifikelele esigqibeni sokuba isigulana eso siwalungele na la machiza. Ukuba kufunyaniswa ukuba isigulana eso siwalungele amachiza la, kuya kufuneka sinikwe iingcebiso ze sinikwe nemiyalelo yokutyelela iiklinikhi. Ukuba isigulana eso asikawalungeli la machiza umcebisi nesi sigulana baya baya kusebenzisana ekuseombululeni le ngxaki ukuze isigulana sibe nokufikelela kula machiza.
Isigulana kufuneka sivume ukuthabathela kuso uxanduva lwempilo nonyangp lwaso. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba isigulana esi sizinikele ekusebenziseni iipilisi, ukuzimasa yonke imihlangano yokunikezla ngolwazi kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba uyayithobela imiqathango yokuba kule nkqubo.
Xa ndiqoshelayo ke, abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuba nakho ukufikelela simahla kunyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo xa amajoni emizimba yabo edodobele yaye edinga ukomelezwa (apha ke kuxa isibalo sabo se-CD4 singaphantsi kwama-200) naxa bebonakalisile ukuba bakulungele ukuzinikela kuxanduva lokujongana nonyango lwabo ubomi babo bonke. Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka uye kweyona klinikhi ikufutshane nawe ukuze ube nokufumana uvavanyo lokuba ngokwenene ukulungele na ukwamkelwa kule nkqubo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.19.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > I > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Ndinabantwana ababini abangaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka ubudala yaye bayathanda ukundihlaba imibuzo ngemiba enzima. Kutsha nje, imibuzo yabo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo ikhe yanobuzaza de ndanzinyelwa nakukuyiphendula yaye kungoku nje ndiziva ngathi ndisoloko ndingazithembanga ngempendulo endibanika yona nokuba mandiwuxoxa ngaluphi na umba othile nabo. Ndiyazi ke noko ukuba kufuneka benalo ulwazi. Ndithini?
Impendulo: Ukuncokola nabantwana ngemiba enzima kusoloko kubashiya abazali bezibuza ukuba bayingene kakuhle nangendlela efanelekileyo na imicimbi ethil. Intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo yimicimbi enobuzaza kakhulu ekubeni umntu angancokola ngayo ebantwaneni kangangokuba isinzimela kakhulu sonke. Naxa siqalisa ukuncokola ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo siya kufumanisa ukuba kufuneka sichaphazela neminye imiba ebandakanyekayo efana nokwabelana ngesondo nesini.
Umbono wakho uphile wokuba abantwana aba kuyafuneka benalo ulwazi uphile kakhulu xa uchaphazela intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo. Kanye njengokuba sibafundisa abantwana bethu ngeendlela zokuwela umgaqo ukuze bakhuseleke ze babe nawo namacebo okumelana nemeko enganobungozi kuba, kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukuba sibafundise ngezinye iimeko ezinokubabeka esichengeni. Sizama ukukhulisa abantwana kwiingingqi ekugquba kuzo ubundlobongela, apho abantu bosuleleka mihla le yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, apho iziyobisi ziya zisetyenziswa kakhulu yaye zifumaneka lula, yaye ukwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ingaseyonto inganqabanga. Konke ke oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba kufuneka sizaqme ukulungisa ze sincokole ngayo ynoke le miba, kufuneka sibe kanti siyayikhuthaza indlela yokuncokola ngendlela ekhululekileyo. Oku ke kuya kuquka ukuphendula imibuzo kwanokumamela ngenyameko nokuba umba/imiba leyo kuncokolwa ngayo akululanga ukuncokola ngayo.
Kutheni kubalulekile nje ukuba abazali bancokole nabantwana babo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Xa abantwana bekubuza imibuzo kungokuba bekuthembile ukuba uya kubanika ulwazi abaludingayo. Ngamanye amaxesha ke basenokubuza kuba befuna ukuqinisekisa okanye ukungqinisisa izinto abazixelelwe ngabanye abantu ezinokunganyaniseki! Nokuba babuzela ntoni ke kodwa, oko kukunika ithuba elihle lokuqala ukuncokola ngemiba enzima.
Musa ukungazinzi! Abantwana bakho bangakubuza imibuzo ongenazimpendulo zayo nenokukwenza ungabi nakuzibamba. Ukungazinzi, okunokukhokelela ekubeni ungabi nakuphendula okanye ekuwugxibheni okanye ekungawuhoyini loo mbuzo, akuyi kunceda. Ulwazi olululo lungabanceda bahlale bekhuselekile ze benze nezigqibo ezibhadlileyo.
Yikhuthaze Incoko - Khululeka ekuncokoleni nabantwana bakho ngento yonke. Ncokola, wabelane, uhleke, unxibelelane!
Qala Kuselithuba - Ukuqala beselula abantwana kuya kuyenza lula nkqubo. Xa abantwana bakho sele bengumlisela nomthinjana baya bekulungele ukucinga nokwenza izinto ezibhadlileyo, yaye aya kuba mancinci kakhulu amathuba okuba benze izigqibo ezingabhadlanga.
Cingisisa - Lihloniphe inqanaba nobudala babantwana bakho. Musa ukubanika oluninzi kunolo balufunayo okanye baludingayo. (Umzekelo, umntwana onesithandathu nonethoba leminyaka ubudala baya kuba nemibuzo neenkathazo ezahlukileyo). Ukuba akuqinisekanga, cela iingcebiso ozinikezelayo. Musa ukuqhubekeka uthetha naxa sele bengasamamelanga.
Qala Iincoko - Qiniseka ukuba niyathembana nabantwana bakho kwiincoko. Khangela iindlela zokuqala ukuncokola ngemiba enzima NGOKU!
Thetha Rhoqo! Ukuncokola kube kanye emva kwexesha elide ngemiba yesondo akuyi kubanceda abantwana bakho ekufumaneni ulwazi abaludingayo. Phinda-phinda. Qinisekisa ukuba uviwe futhi iyaqondakala le nto uyithethayo. Abantwana aba badinga ukuva izinto rhoqo ukuze babe nokufumana izifundo kuzo.
Thembakala - Ukuba awunayo impendulo yombuzo othile, baxelele. Ukuba akuyiboni kakuhle indaba yokuncokola nabo ngemiba yesondo. Kodwa ke zama ukuyitsho loo nto ngendlela engabathinteliyo ukwenzeni incoko nawe. Mghlawumbi ke usenakho nokumcebisa umntwana lowo ukuba aye kuncokola okanye abuze kwesinye isizalwane okanye umsebenzi wezempilo. Ngaphezu, mxelele ukuba ungahamba naye! Zama ukufunda nabantwana bakho.
Qinisekisa ukuba uxhobile! Akunakusoloko uqikelela ukuba umntwana uza nomba onzima na. Kodwa ke kuyafuneka ukuba ube nalo ufifana ngemiba echaphazela intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo yaye kufuneka uzive uzinzile xa uncokola ngemiba enobuzaza.
Ezi ngcebiso zisuka: kwaLoud and Clear - indawo enikezela ngeengcebiso ekuncokoleni nabantwana bakho ngemiba enzima!
Zininzi ke kodwa iindawo onokuya kuzo ukuze ufumane uncedo.
neLove Life, (011) 327 6863 okanye ke utyelele iwebsite yabo www.lovelife.org.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.20.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Umbuzo: Umyeni wam wafumaniseka ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Besisoloko sihlangana nomcebisi kodwa ke isekho eminye imiba endingekayiqondi ngezinto awandixelela zona. Saxelelwa ukuba akunakuyifumana intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokuthi wabelane ngekopi, amacephe namalaphu, kodwa ke ndinabantwana abathathu abaminyaka ilishumi elinesibini, elishumi nesixhenxe ubudala yaye ukungazinzi kwam kusukela kwinto yokuba ndicinga ukuba singabosulela ngendlela nje elula ke phofu.
Impendulo: Ukuze ube nakho ukuthintela ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo kubalulekile ukuba umntu azazi iindlela esasazeka ngayo le ntsholongwane ukuze abe nokuthintela ngempumelelo ukosuleleka.
Umcebisi wakho ebenyanisile xa ebesithi akunakho ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokudibana nje nomntu ophila nayo, mhlawumbi ukwangana, ukwabelana ngokutya, ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokutya ezinye, ukuxhawulana, ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese enye, okanye ke ngenye indlela yokuhlangana apho kungekho gazi libandakanyeka ngenxa yesilonda esivulekileyo somntu onayo. Izinambuzane ezifana neengcongconi nazo aziyisasazi intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokuthi zimfimfithe amagazi abo.
Ukufaka Igazi Esele Losulelekile Emzimbeni Wakho.
Umntu angosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo nangokuthi kufakwe igazi elinale ntsholongwane emzimbeni wakhe. Oku ke kungenzeka ngenxa yesilonda esivulekileyo, ukwabelana ngezinto zokucheba iintshebe okanye iinaliti ebezisetyenziswe ngumntu osele ephila nale ntsholongwane, ngokufumana igazi elinale ntsholongwane xa kunikezelwa ngegazi.
Kodwa ke, lonke igazi ekuphiswa ngalo liqala livavanyelwe intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphambi kokuba ligqithiselwe kwabanye abantu ukuqinisekisa ukuba igazi elinikezelwayo likhuseleke kangangoko.
Ingathinteleka njani kanene le ntsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Abazali kufuneka bancokole ngemiba yesondo nabantwana babo kuselithuba. Abantu, ingakumbi abantu abasebatsha, kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba bangazibandakanyi kwiintshukumo zokwabelana ngesondo de babe bakulungele oko yaye kufuneka bavumelane namaqabane abo ngokuthembakala omnye komnye kuthando oluzinzileyo.
Iintsilathi kufuneka zisetyenziswe rhoqo apho umntu azibandakanya kwintshukumo yokwabelana ngesondo nomntu angenguye lo mnye athandana naye.
Xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokugqobhoza isikhumba ezifana ne , iinaliti okanye izirinji, ezi zixhobo kufuneka zibe ntsha okanye ke zihlanjisiswe kakuhle. Ezi zixhobo akufuneki kwaberlwane ngazo ngabantu.
Iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa ziyawadodobalisa amandla amajoni omzimba ze zenze nomzimba ube semngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zizifo ezininzi.
Onke amanina kufuneka afune ulwazi ngokukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuba akhulelwe futhi bazame ukufumanisa ukuba abanayo na le ntsholongwane kaGawulayo, umntu abhalise ukukhulelwa kwakhe kweyona khlinikhi yemicimbi yokubeleka ikufutshane naye ukuze abe nokuvela kwiincwadi zeklinikhi leyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba banakho ukwenza konke abanakho ukuthintela ukosuleleka kweentsana zabo yintdholongwane yile ntsholongwane.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.21.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
Umbuzo: Umntwana wam, ominyaka mihlanu ubudala, sele iqalile ukungena, uqale kutsha nje ukuhamba isikolo sokudlala. Ndive lukhulu ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo, eyokugqibela ke kukuba abantwana bosuleleka mihla le. Athini ke amathuba okosuleleka komntwana wam kwisikolo sokudlala?
Impendulo: Amaxesha amaninzi intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo zisoloko zithatyathwa njengomcimbi ochaphazela okanye ohlupha abantu abadala kuphela. Kwisithuba seshumi leminyaka elidlulileyo, abantwana bathe nabo bawujonga lo mcimbi wentsholongwaen kaGawulayo noGawulayo, hayi kuphela kuba ubachaphazela ngqo lo mba koko njengabo basemngciphekweni wokosuleleka.
Ukwehlisa uloyiko lwakho, kuyanyanzzeleka ke ukuba ukukuchazela ukuba owona mngcipheko wokosuleleka komntwana kuxa engekabelekwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngexesga esakhulelwe okanye ngexesha lokuya kubeleka, likho ithuba lokuba umama ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ayidlulisele kusana lwakhe. Ezinye izifundo ke zifumanise ukuba abantwana bakwasemngciphekweni wokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo naxa befumana isondlo sobisi lwebele kumama ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ezinye iindlela zokosuleleka komntwana yintsholongwane kaGawulayo kuxa umntwana ethi afumane ukuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo kwanokunonophela abantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane (oku kwenzeka ingakumbi kubantwana abasele bekhulile).
Usenokuba mhlawumbi ngenxa yokwanda kwabantwana abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, abo babizwa njengabaphila ixesha elide. Aba ke ngabantwana abathi bosulelwa ngoonina ngexesha oonina besakhulelwe okanye ngexesga oonina babebeleka ze baphila nale ntsholongwane iminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuba ibagulise badodobaliswe nazizifo.
Aba ngabantwana abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ze bahlale besempilweni ixesha elide kunabanye ze abanye bafikelele nasebudaleni. Aba bantwana bayakwazi ukwenza izinto ezininzi ezenziwa ngabantwana abangenayo bona le ntsholongwane, umzekelo, ukuhamba isikolo, ukuba nezihlobo, ukudlala imidlalo, njalo-njalo.
Bakho ke nabo bangaphili xesha lide neli sifo. Aba ke ngabantwana abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo nabo abathe bahlangana nale ntsholongwane koonina ngethuba lokukhulelwa nangexesha lokubeleka, kodwa ke ngenxa yamajoni omzimba abulaleke kakhulu, bathi bagule emva kokuba bebelekiwe. Kwakunyaka wokuqala bezelwe bathi bagule kakhulu yaye amaxesha amaninzi aba bantwana baphila bafikelele kwiminyaka emihlanu kuphela. Ngale minyaka imbalwa bephila, ngenxa yempilo enkenenkene, aba bantwana badinga ukunyamekelwa nenkathalelo eninzi, yaye amaxesha amaninzi abakwazi ukuzikhulela ngokukhululekileyo njengabanye abantwana abalingana nabo. Aba bantwana ke amaxesha amaninzi abakwazi kuya esikolweni sokudlala.
Noxa kunjalo ke oku, kubalulekile ukuyikhankanya into yokuba nakuba abantwana aba bethanda nje ukuzibandakanya kwimidlalo engabonzakalisa ngamanye amaxesha, amathuba okosuleleka xa bedlala mancinci kakhulu.
Ezi ntshukumo zingentla apha zibonakala ngathi ziintshukumo zezabadala okanye zibandakanya bona.
Eyona nto ke kodwa kukufikelela kwigazi, njengoko ke le incindi yomzimba iyeyona ihlalwa kakhulu yintsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Abantwana, ngenxa yokuqava, basenokuba bahlutshwa ngumhlobo wabo ozonzakalisileyo ze wopha, kodwa ke bayakoyika ukuphatha igazi. Ukubona igazi emntwaneni koyikisa kakhulu yaye uzama ngandlela zonke ukuzigcina kude nalo.
Nalapho ke, njengokuba sibafundisa abantwana bethu ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nedilezi zamakwabo, iinombolo zeminxeba, indlela yokuwela umgaqo, ukuze babe nokukhuseleka, kukwafuneka sibafundisile ukuba bangazikhusela njani na kwintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kakade, njengazo zonke izint ezinobuzaza esizifundisa abantwana bethu, imfundo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka ijonge kakhulu ubudala bomntwana lowo.
Kuya kulunga ke ukuba abantwana bethu sibafundise xa befika kwixesha lokuya esikolweni sokudlala, ngezinto amabazenze xa bebona igazi.
Kuyothusa ke kodwa ukuba iba ngulo mntwana uphila nale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo kunalo ungaphili nayo oba semngciphekweni wokonzakala nangakumbi ngenxa yokuphinda osuleleke. Izikolo zokudlala zidla ngokuba ziindawo ezinamagciwane amaninzi. Amajoni omzimba womntwana ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ankenenkene ambeka emngciphekweni wokugula kakhulu ngenxa yokufunyanwa ligciwane amajoni omzimba womntwana ongenayo le ntsholongwane anokulilwa lula.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.3.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Ndikhulelwe yaye ndiphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ingaba kulungile ukuba ndondle usana lwam ngobisi lwebele Olu lusana lwam lwesibini yaye ndalwondla ngobisi lwebele usana lwam lokuqala, ngoku ke ndisadidekile njengoko ndingekaxeleli mntu ekhaya ngesimo sam nentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi ndikhe ndeva abantu besithi iintsana zingosuleleka xa zinokuthi zondliwe ngobisi lwebele ukuba unina wolo sana uphila nale ntsholongwane. Ndizifumene iingcebiso nentuthuzelo eMOU ze ndeva nangenkqubo yokunqanda ukosulelwa kosana ngunina ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo, kodwa ndisadidekile?
Impendulo: Kuyavakala futhi kwamkelekile ukuba uzuve uxhalabile ngokondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele njengoko uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kubalulekile ukuba ugxininise koko kululungeleyo usana lwakho ze uqinisekise futhi ukuba uwanciphisa ngandlela zonke amathuba okuba usana lwakho losuleleke. Ukwabelana nabanye abantu ngokosuleleka kwakho yile ntsholongwane yintando yakho ngokupheleleyo.
Njengoko waziswa nguMcebisi eMOU ngeNkqubo Yokuthintela Ukosulelwa Kosana Ngunina, kubalulekile ukuba uqwalasele zonke iinkalo zesondlo ze ukhethe leyo iyakulungela usana lwakho, ngokweemeko ophila phantsi kwazo. Andazi ukuba kungakanani okukhumbulayo ngexesha wawusiya okokuqala kwiingcebiso, kodwa ke kufuneka ukhethe ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela okanye ke ulondle ngamachiza okanye izidlo ezithengwayo. Ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela kuthetha ukuba lubisi lwebele kuphela oya kondla ngalo usana lwakho (ngaphandlel ke kwamachiza namayeza ethe iklinikhi ze ulunike wona). Akukho manzi, machiza, zincindi, umxube opholisa iintlungu zesisu ezintsaneni, nkqu kungabikho nedami le. Zonke ezi zinto xa zidibene nesondlo sobisi lwebele zenza UKONDLA NGEENDLELA EZAHLUKENEYO yaye oku kunganobungozi kusana lwakho.
Ukuba uketha ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela, oku kumele kungenziwa ixesha elingaphaya kweenyanga ezine ze ekupheleni kwezi nyanga zine kufuneka uluyekise usana lwakho ubisis lwebele ngoko nangoko utshintshelr usana lwakho kwisondlo ngamabisi namachiza athengwayo nonokuwafumana kwiklinikhi yeentsana ekufutshane nawe iinyanga ezimibini ezilandelayo de usana olo lube neenyanga ezintandathu ubudala. Xa sele uyeke ukondla ngobisi lwebele watshintshela kula mabisi, kufuneka UNGAZE uphinde ubuyele ekondleni usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele. Oku kuya kuba kukondla ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo futhi kungabangela ukosuleleka kosana yintsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Into ebalulekileyo ngobisi lwebele lubisi lokuqala umama athi alukhuphe, olubizwa ngokuba yiColostrum. Oku ke kulungisa isisu nethumbu lomntwana, futhi oku kukhusela usana kwizifo. Ubisi lwebele lukwaqulethe zonke izakhi-mzimba ezidingwa lusana. Lusoloko lukubushushu obufunekayo, lufumaneka lula (okukona usondla ngobisi lwebele kokukona uveza ubisi oluninzi), futhi konga nexesha. Kufuneka ukhumbule imigaqo engundoqo yokucoca iingono zakho ngendlela esempilweni phambi kokuba uncancise ukuze ukhusele ukosuleleka kosana lwakho. Kukwafuneka uqinisekise ukuba usana lwakho lubambelela ngendlela eyiyo engnweni, enokuthi ngaphandle kokuba buhlungu, ibeke usana lwakho emngciphekweni wokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukuba uthi ubr nengono ekrazukileyo, yeka ukondla ngelo bele. Sebenzisa elinye ibele ze ufumane nonyango lukagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ngazo zonke iingcebiso, nceda uqhagamshelane neMOU yakho okanye iklinikhi yakho yeentsana ngoko nangoko.
Oku ke kundibeka kwindlela yesibini yokondla usana, ukondla mgamachiza athengwayo. Ukuba uthi ukhethe ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi oluthengwayo nolufumaneka kwiiklimikhi, kuya kugfuneka ulondle ngolo hlobo lobisi kuphela ixesha eliziinyanga ezintandathu. Kuya kufuneka uqhagamshelane neMOU ekufuntshane nawe ukuze kube nokwenziwa amalungiselelo okuba emva kokubeleka uyishiye unobisi olwaneleyo oluya kukugcina de kufike utyelelo lwakho lokuqala kwiklinikhi yeentsana. Kwiklinikhi yeentsana uya kunikwa olu bisi rhoqo de kube ziinyanga ezintandathu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngolu hlobo lwesondlo kukulwenza kanye ngendlela ekuyalelwew ngayo ngokobunzima nobudala bosana lwakho. Nayiphi na intshukumo etenxileyo kule miyalelo ingalugulisa usana lwakho. Ukuba wondla usana lwakho ngamachiza, indlela emiselwayo ekwenzeni oku kukumlinganisela ngekopi. Baya kukubonisa ukuba ukwenze njani na oku eklinikhi. Ukucoca ikopi necephe olisebenzisayo kakuhle nangendlela echanekileyo kuyimfuneko ngokugqibeleleyo ukuze uthintele ukosuleleka kosana lwakho zizigulo. Okona kutya unokukukhetha nokulungele usana lwakho yimveliso engenalubisi, eya kukhusela usana lwakho ekungalungelanini nezidlo ezthile, nto leyo iya kubangela ukuba luhlaselwe zizigulo ezifana nombefu, umkhuhlane womungu, njalo-njalo. Ukuba akuyilandeli imyalelo estotini, ungalondla ngendlela esezantsi kwelinganiselo eyaneleyo okanye ulondle ngokugqithisileyo usana lwakho, nto leyo inokuthi ikhokelele kwizinto ezifana nokungondleki, ukoma, ukuqhinwa, njalo-njalo. Usana kufuneka luqale ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, akukhathaliseki nokuba ulondla ngobisi lwebele okanye ngamachiza afunyanwa eklinikhi na.
Kuya kufuneka ugqibe ekubeni yeyiphi eyona ndlela ikufaneleyo. Umngcipheko wokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo uya kuncipha ukuba uthi wondle usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela ixesha elingadlulanga kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ukondla usana lwakho ngamachiza afumaneka eklinikhi kuthetha ukuba usana lwakho aluyi kuba semngciphekweni wokosulekeka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, kodwa lungasemngciphekweni wokosuleleka zezinye izigulo ezifan nokutyabuka kwesisu namathumbu nokukrala kwemiphunga, njalo-njalo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > I > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Ndikhulelwe yaye ndiphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ingaba kulungile ukuba ndondle usana lwam ngobisi lwebele Olu lusana lwam lwesibini yaye ndalwondla ngobisi lwebele usana lwam lokuqala, ngoku ke ndisadidekile njengoko ndingekaxeleli mntu ekhaya ngesimo sam nentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi ndikhe ndeva abantu besithi iintsana zingosuleleka xa zinokuthi zondliwe ngobisi lwebele ukuba unina wolo sana uphila nale ntsholongwane. Ndizifumene iingcebiso nentuthuzelo eMOU ze ndeva nangenkqubo yokunqanda ukosulelwa kosana ngunina ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo, kodwa ndisadidekile?
Impendulo: Kuyavakala futhi kwamkelekile ukuba uzuve uxhalabile ngokondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele njengoko uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Kubalulekile ukuba ugxininise koko kululungeleyo usana lwakho ze uqinisekise futhi ukuba uwanciphisa ngandlela zonke amathuba okuba usana lwakho losuleleke. Ukwabelana nabanye abantu ngokosuleleka kwakho yile ntsholongwane yintando yakho ngokupheleleyo.
Njengoko waziswa nguMcebisi eMOU ngeNkqubo Yokuthintela Ukosulelwa Kosana Ngunina, kubalulekile ukuba uqwalasele zonke iinkalo zesondlo ze ukhethe leyo iyakulungela usana lwakho, ngokweemeko ophila phantsi kwazo. Andazi ukuba kungakanani okukhumbulayo ngexesha wawusiya okokuqala kwiingcebiso, kodwa ke kufuneka ukhethe ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela okanye ke ulondle ngamachiza okanye izidlo ezithengwayo. Ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela kuthetha ukuba lubisi lwebele kuphela oya kondla ngalo usana lwakho (ngaphandlel ke kwamachiza namayeza ethe iklinikhi ze ulunike wona). Akukho manzi, machiza, zincindi, umxube opholisa iintlungu zesisu ezintsaneni, nkqu kungabikho nedami le. Zonke ezi zinto xa zidibene nesondlo sobisi lwebele zenza UKONDLA NGEENDLELA EZAHLUKENEYO yaye oku kunganobungozi kusana lwakho.
Ukuba uketha ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela, oku kumele kungenziwa ixesha elingaphaya kweenyanga ezine ze ekupheleni kwezi nyanga zine kufuneka uluyekise usana lwakho ubisis lwebele ngoko nangoko utshintshelr usana lwakho kwisondlo ngamabisi namachiza athengwayo nonokuwafumana kwiklinikhi yeentsana ekufutshane nawe iinyanga ezimibini ezilandelayo de usana olo lube neenyanga ezintandathu ubudala. Xa sele uyeke ukondla ngobisi lwebele watshintshela kula mabisi, kufuneka UNGAZE uphinde ubuyele ekondleni usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele. Oku kuya kuba kukondla ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo futhi kungabangela ukosuleleka kosana yintsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Into ebalulekileyo ngobisi lwebele lubisi lokuqala umama athi alukhuphe, olubizwa ngokuba yiColostrum. Oku ke kulungisa isisu nethumbu lomntwana, futhi oku kukhusela usana kwizifo. Ubisi lwebele lukwaqulethe zonke izakhi-mzimba ezidingwa lusana. Lusoloko lukubushushu obufunekayo, lufumaneka lula (okukona usondla ngobisi lwebele kokukona uveza ubisi oluninzi), futhi konga nexesha. Kufuneka ukhumbule imigaqo engundoqo yokucoca iingono zakho ngendlela esempilweni phambi kokuba uncancise ukuze ukhusele ukosuleleka kosana lwakho. Kukwafuneka uqinisekise ukuba usana lwakho lubambelela ngendlela eyiyo engnweni, enokuthi ngaphandle kokuba buhlungu, ibeke usana lwakho emngciphekweni wokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukuba uthi ubr nengono ekrazukileyo, yeka ukondla ngelo bele. Sebenzisa elinye ibele ze ufumane nonyango lukagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ngazo zonke iingcebiso, nceda uqhagamshelane neMOU yakho okanye iklinikhi yakho yeentsana ngoko nangoko.
Ngokumxulumene nosana olo, ukuba luthe losuleleka (isilonda somlomo, ukutyabuka kwesisu namathumbu, njalo-njalo) kufuneka use usana olo eklinikhi ngoko nangoko kuba lusemngciphekweni wokosulekeka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukususela kwiinyanga ezintandathu ubudala, usana olo lungaqaliswa kwiintlbo ezithile zokutya okuqinileyo ngokweengcebiso zeklinikhi.
Oku ke kundibeka kwindlela yesibini yokondla usana, ukondla mgamachiza athengwayo. Ukuba uthi ukhethe ukondla usana lwakho ngobisi oluthengwayo nolufumaneka kwiiklimikhi, kuya kugfuneka ulondle ngolo hlobo lobisi kuphela ixesha eliziinyanga ezintandathu. Kuya kufuneka uqhagamshelane neMOU ekufuntshane nawe ukuze kube nokwenziwa amalungiselelo okuba emva kokubeleka uyishiye unobisi olwaneleyo oluya kukugcina de kufike utyelelo lwakho lokuqala kwiklinikhi yeentsana. Kwiklinikhi yeentsana uya kunikwa olu bisi rhoqo de kube ziinyanga ezintandathu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngolu hlobo lwesondlo kukulwenza kanye ngendlela ekuyalelwew ngayo ngokobunzima nobudala bosana lwakho. Nayiphi na intshukumo etenxileyo kule miyalelo ingalugulisa usana lwakho. Ukuba wondla usana lwakho ngamachiza, indlela emiselwayo ekwenzeni oku kukumlinganisela ngekopi. Baya kukubonisa ukuba ukwenze njani na oku eklinikhi. Ukucoca ikopi necephe olisebenzisayo kakuhle nangendlela echanekileyo kuyimfuneko ngokugqibeleleyo ukuze uthintele ukosuleleka kosana lwakho zizigulo. Okona kutya unokukukhetha nokulungele usana lwakho yimveliso engenalubisi, eya kukhusela usana lwakho ekungalungelanini nezidlo ezthile, nto leyo iya kubangela ukuba luhlaselwe zizigulo ezifana nombefu, umkhuhlane womungu, njalo-njalo. Ukuba akuyilandeli imyalelo estotini, ungalondla ngendlela esezantsi kwelinganiselo eyaneleyo okanye ulondle ngokugqithisileyo usana lwakho, nto leyo inokuthi ikhokelele kwizinto ezifana nokungondleki, ukoma, ukuqhinwa, njalo-njalo. Usana kufuneka luqale ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, akukhathaliseki nokuba ulondla ngobisi lwebele okanye ngamachiza afunyanwa eklinikhi na.
Kuya kufuneka ugqibe ekubeni yeyiphi eyona ndlela ikufaneleyo. Umngcipheko wokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo uya kuncipha ukuba uthi wondle usana lwakho ngobisi lwebele kuphela ixesha elingadlulanga kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ukondla usana lwakho ngamachiza afumaneka eklinikhi kuthetha ukuba usana lwakho aluyi kuba semngciphekweni wokosulekeka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, kodwa lungasemngciphekweni wokosuleleka zezinye izigulo ezifan nokutyabuka kwesisu namathumbu nokukrala kwemiphunga, njalo-njalo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.4.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Umbuzo: Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Impendulo: Ewe, kuyenzeka ukuba wosuleleke yintsholongwane kaGawulayo xa usabelana ngesondo usebenzisa nomlomo. Ngokomngcipheko, ngokwaziwa kwawo, akukabikho luphando lwenziweyo ukuza nawona manqanaba achanekileyo okosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo xa usebenzisa umlomo. Ezinye izimvo zithi ukwabelana ngesondo kusetyenziswa nomlomo kuza nomngcipheko osezantsi ukuya kokwinqanaba eliphakathi, ze kubekho nezo ke zithi kuza nomngcipheko okwinqanaba eliphakathi ukuya kweliphakamileyo.
Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ke ukuba kungenxa yokuhlangana neencindi ezibeka emngciphekweni okwinqanaba eliphezulu zomntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwanokuthi ezi ncindi zomzimba zingene emzimbeni womntu othile, loo mntu naye unokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Inwebu yangaphakathi iqala emlomyeni ze yambathise onke amalungu ethu omzimba angaphakathi. Umntu angathi osuleleke xa le nwebu yangaphakathi inokuthi yonzakale. Ukuba uqweqwe lwale nwebu yangaphakathi luhlangene, oko ke kukuthi alonakelanga, intsholongwane kaGawulayo ayinakungena. Olu qweqwe luthambe kakhulu futhi lungonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza. Umzekelo ophilayo wendlela ethambe ngayo le nwebu nantsi: ukuba umntu ebenokuth agcwalise umlomo wakhe ngekofu eshushu kakhulu, inwebu esemlonyeni ibiya kukrazuka, ithambe, ze itshe. Oku konzakala kungayindlela yokungena keintsholongweane kaGawulayo iye egazini, futhi ukuba umntu othile ebenokuthi azibandakanye ekwabelaneni ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga esebenzisa nomlomo, ekwenza oku neqabane eliphila nale ntsholongwane, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, lowo ebeye kosuleleka.
Kuyinyaniso eyaziwayo ukuba ubuncinci bangamashumi amathandathu anesibhozo eepesenti abantu kulo naliphi na ilizwe abazibandakanya nokwabelana ngesondo besebenzisa imilomo yabo ngaoo ndlela yabo. Izifo zemilomo, ezifana nokubola kwamazinyo, izilonda zomlomo, ukutyabuka kweentsini, njalo-njalo zidala ukonzakala kwale nwebu isemlonyeni. Ngoko ke, nabani na oyonakalisileyo inwebu eselmlonyeni wakhe angaba semngciphekweni wokosuleleka yintsholonwane kaGawulayo, ukuba ebenokuthi azifumane ehlangana neencindi ezinomngcipheko ophakamileyo zomntu ophila nale ntsholongwane ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo kusetyenziswa nemilomo.
Ngokweenjongo zokwabelana ngesondo kusetyenziswa nemilomo, iincindi ezibeka umntu emngciphekweni omkhulu zezi: Igazi, incindi kabhuti kwakunye neencindi eziphuma kusisi.
IGAZI: Ngenxa yokuba okunye ukonzakala kwamalebe omntu asoloko engabonakali ngeliso lenyama (uksikeka okungephi kwakunye nezilonda) akukho lula ukuba asoloko esazi ukuba amalebe eqabane lakhe abelana nalo ngesondo asempilweni na. Ngoko ke umntu angathi kanti ungenisa izixa ezincinci zegazi emlonyeni wakhe yena engakuqwalaselanga oko.
Ukuba elinye iqabane linesifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga emalebeni apho kuphuma incindi okanye kukho isilonda, umntu angazifumana engenwa ligazi, ubovu, njalo-njalo, ezinokuba kanti ziqulethe intsholongwane kaGawulayo. Nezinye izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo zingadluliselwa kwelinye iqabane ngomlomo ngale ndlela, umzekeo: Izilonda zomlomo, igcushuwa okanye intsumpa. Izilonda zomlomo ezibangwa ngumkhuhlane nazo zingadluliselwa kumalebe elinye iqabane ngexesha besabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga.
INCINDI KABHUTI: Kuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo ifumaneka kwincindi yendoda ephila nale ntsholongwane, ukuba loo ndoda ibinokuthi ichithele emlonyeni weqabane layo, intsholongwane kaGawulayo equlethwe yile ncindi yale ndoda ingosulela elinye iqabane.
INCINDI KASISI: Intsholongwane kaGawulayo yaziwa njengefumaneka futhi ihlale kwiincindi zikasisi, ngoko ke, ukuba umntu ebenokuthi azibandakanye nokwabelana ngesondo esebenzisa umlomo wakhe futhi kukho ukonzakala elulwimini okanye kuloo mlomo wakhe (imilebe eqhekekileyo umzekelo), intsholongwane kaGawulayo ekwincindi kasisi ingadluliseleka ngale ndawo umlomo wonzakele kuyo, emilebeni okanye elulwimini lweqabane elisebenzisa umlomo walo kumntu wasetyhini ophila nale ntsholongwane.
Kwiingcebiso esizinikezelayo safumanisa ukuba inani labantu ababelana ngesondo besebenzisa imilomo yabo liyanda.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.87102.7.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imbali yokungabiwa ngokulingana kobutyebi eMzantsi Afrika, ngamaxesha enkqubo yobandlululo ngokobuhlanga eyayivimba abantu abamnyama amalungelo oluntu angundoqo, malungelo lawo afana nemfundo, izindlu, izithuba zemisebenzi kwanokufikelela kwiinkonzo zempilo, inokwayanyaniswa nokugquba kwentshjolongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu kwabo babe vinjwe la mathuba.
Isimo sabantu abamnyama kuqoqosho loluntu sebenza babe semngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa lula zizifo ezifana nesifo sephepha, izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu. Abona bakowona mngcipheko ungakumbi bahlala ematyotyombeni njengoko kukho beba ngabantu abahluphekileyo nabangaphangeliyo. Baphila kwiimeko ekugquba kuzo iinkonzo ezikumgangatho ophantsi, oko ke kukuthi, apho kungekho lucoceko khona, kungekho manzi acocekileyo okanye kungekho mbane khona. Ukuxinana ze kwezinye iingingqi, ukungabikho zikroba zokungena moya upholileyo kuza nezifo.
Kwalapha kwiindawo zabantu abamnyama, isimo sabantu basetyhini sikumgangatho osezantsi kakhulu, nto leyo ibenza babe semngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwanbelana ngesondo ngedlela engakhuselekanga, njengoko besoloko bengenawo amandla okuncokola ngokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela ekhuselekileyo (ukusetyenziswa kweentsilathi) namaqabane abo, ngenxa yenkolelo yenkcubeko eluqilima yokuba indoda nguye ophetheyo kwimiba yokwabelana ngesondo. Ngapha koko, ukuxhomekeka kwamanina emadodeni kwandisa ukuba semngciphekweni kwawo.
Kanti ke kwezinye iimeko uloyiko lokwayanyaniswa lunokukhokelela ekubeni amanina angazivezi ukuba aphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ngaphezu koko futhi, imiba yendalo iyakongeza ukuba semngciphekweni kwamanina ngenxa yokungafumaniseki kwezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kwanokuba iincindi zesondo zisala emzimbeni welo nenekazi iintsuku zibe mbini okanye zibe ntathu yaye zingangena egazini lakhe ukuba kukho ukukrweleka okanye izilonda ngenxa yezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo okanye ukungenwa ngetshova.
Ukuhamba kwabantu befuna impilo engcono, ukusuka kwenye ingingqi ukuya kwenye (eyimbangi yokufuna imisebenzi kwezinye iingingqi okanye kwamanye amazwe) kubenza abo bsntu babe semngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo njengoko beba kude nentsapho zabo amaxesha amade kakhulu. Kwimeko yamadoda apho athi, ngenxa yeemeko zawo zempangelo, ahlale kude namakhosikazi/neentsapho zawo amaxesha amade kakhulu, anokuthi aqale ezinye iimanyano namanye amakhosikazi apho anokuthi amaxesha amaninzi athi azibandakanye nokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga. Oku ke kokunye okubeka bobabini indoda nenkosikazi emngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.95065.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ityala Neemali-mboleko &gt Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Xa kuthethwa ngetyala kubhekiswa kumalungiselelo apho uthenga izinto ze uzihlawule emva kokuba sele uzisebenzisa. Ngamaxesha amaninzi uyihlawula into ngezavenge ezitsala de kube lithuba elithile.
izivumelwano zokuqesha okanye izivumelwano zokuthenga uhlawule ngezavenge (umzekelo, apho uvuma ukuhlawulela into kwisithuba sexesha elithile, njengakwivenkile yefenitshala - ezi ke zazisakwaziwa njengezivumelwano zokuthenga ngetyala).
Usenakho nokulifumana ityala ngokuboleka ebhankini okanye kumatshonisa. Kule meko ke, unikwa imali-mboleko eziinkozo. Ulindeleke ukuba uyibuyise le mali ngexesha ekuvunyelwene ngalo. Ukwalindeleke ukuba uhlawule nenzala kule mali-mboleko.
imali elixabiso laloo nto kunye nezinye nje iindleko iya kuba yimalini na iyonke imali yokuqala ekufuneka uyibekile njengentlawulo yokuqala iya kuba yimalini na ziya kuba yimalini na izavenge ekufuneka uzihlawule ngenyanga ungathabatha ixesha elingakanani na ukulihlawula eli tyala.
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Isivumelwano Setyala?
Yintoni iMbalana Yamatyala Yaye Yintoni Ukubekwa Kwiincwadi Zabangawahlawuli Amatyala abo?
Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.95065.6.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuvalwa ematyaleni: Apha kuxa umntu enembali embi yamatyala yaye iivenkile zingasafuni kumvulela tyala litsha.
Isivumelwano Setyala: Esi ke sisivumelwano esibophelela ngokomthetho apho umboleki afumana impahla/imali ngoku ze avume ukuba uya kuyihlawula kwixesha elisezayo ekuvunyelwene ngalo.
iCredit Bureaux: Ezi ziinkampani zabucala eziqokelela iinkcukacha ngeembali ezintle nezimbi zentlawulo yamatyala zabantu neenkampani ze zizithengise ezi nkcukacha kwiivenkile okanye kubantu abathengisa ngetyala/ababolekisa ngemali.
Isixa-mali Onokuvunyelwa Usityale: Isixa semali onokuyisebenzisa sisixa semali iivenkile ezithengisa ngetyala ezinokumqingqela sona umntu okanye ishishini elithile. Ezi zixa zemali zinokuphinda ziqwalaselwe (oko ke kukuthi zinganyuswa okanye zehliswe).
Imbali Yetyala: Le ke yimbali yendlela yokuhlawula yomntu okanye yenkampani ethile, eqokelelwe ze yagcinwa yiCredit Bureau.
Inzala: Le ke yimali eyangezwa kwimali-mboleko, ebalwa ngokwepesenti yemali oyibolekileyo.
Ababolekisi Kwizinga Elisezantsi: Ezi ziinkampani okanye abantu ababolekisa ngeemali ezincinci kwabo banomdla wokuboleka.
Yintoni Ityala Yintoni Imali-mboleko?
Yintoni Isivumelwano Setyala?
Yintoni iMbalana Yamatyala Yaye Yintoni Ukubekwa Kwiincwadi Zabangawahlawuli Amatyala abo?
Angayithimba Xa Kutheni Umntu Endimtyalayo Impahla Yam?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.I.96203.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uqala Nini Ukuhlawula le Mali-mboleko?
Xa sele ufumene umsebenzi futhi umvuzo wakho ngama-R26.300 nangaphezulu.
Iintlawulo zibalwa ngezinga elingayi kubeka mthwalo mkhulu kuwe.
Ngoko ke, iintlawulo zisekelwe kumvuzo owurholayo.
Futhi iintlawulo ziqala kuphela xa umvuzo wakho ungama-R26.300 ngonyaka (oko ke kukuthi amaR2, 192 ngenyanga). Kweli nqanaba intlawulo yakho si-3% kumvuzo wakho.
Izinga oyihlawula ngalo imali-mboleko yakho iyabonakaliswa kwiReady Reckoner Table.
Ingaba Uyibuyisa Njani le Mali-mboleko?
I-NSFAS ithumela incwadana enetyala lakho rhoqo ngekota yonyaka kubo bonke abafundi futhi iya kuthi ithumele incwadana yembalelwano ikwazisa ngezibhambathiso zakho zokuhlawula xa uthi ube kwinqanaba lokuba ungayihlawula le mali-mboleko. Oku ke kwenzeka xa uqalisa ukufumama umvuzo ongaphezu kwama-AR26.300 ngonyaka.
Kukweli xesha ke apho ulindeleke ukuba wenze amalungiselelo eentlawulo ngokwezigqibo. La malungiselelo ke anokuquka ukunika iNSFAS igunya lokuthabatha iintlawulo ngqo kwi-account yakho yebhanki, ngokwemiyalelo yeposi, iitsheki okanye ukutsalwa kwezi ntlawulo ngumqeshi emvuzweni wakho emsebenzini.
Njani, Intoni, Nini, Phi...
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.J.17473.10.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > J > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
Ukuba ungumzali, qinisekisa ukuba wenza igalelo ngesixa esamkelekileyo ekukhulisweni kwabantwana bakho, uhlala nabo okanye ungahlali nabo.
Usenokubanceda abantwana ngokucenga abazali abangahlawuliyo okanye abangahlawuli ngokwaneleyo, ukuba bahlawule isixa senkxaso-mali noko esinokuwenza umahluko: kuba kaloku bona abantwana basayidinga.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.J.17473.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > J > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
nabazali babazali bakhe, ukuba abazali bomntwana babetshatene.
Olu xanduva lubekwe ngumthetho lubizwa ngokuba "luxanduva lokukhulisa" okanye "uxanduva lokuxhasa".
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.J.17473.4.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > J > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ukuba akuhlali nabantwana bakho, akubikho ngazo zonke iintsuku ubabonelele ngeemfuno zabo zemihla ngemihla ezifana nendawo yokuhlala, ukutya, impahla yokunxiba, unonophelo lwempilo kwanemfundo.
ukuba iintlawulo zesikolo azikwazi kuhlawulwa, abanakuba nakho ukuya esikolweni.
Inkxaso-mali yesondlo iqinisekisa ukuba abantwana bakho bagcina, kangangoko banakho, umgangatho wokuphila olingana nalowo wangexa abazali babo babsahlala kunye.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.J.17473.8.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > J > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
INkundla yenkxaso-mali okanye igosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana enkundleni liya kunceda ekubaleni kuya kufuneka kuhlawulwe malini na njengenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana.
Ngokwesiqhelo, inkundla iqala ibale ukuba abantwana badinga malini na kwinkxaso yabo (oko ke kukuthi, ukubabonelela ngokutya, indawo yokuhlala, nokunye).
INkundla iya kuthi ke ibone ukuba umzali ngamnye wenza igalelo elaneleyo nelamkelekileyo kwezo mfuno, ngokwesiqhelo ke, ngokubayalela ukuba bafake igalelo elibalwe ngokomvuzo womzali ngamnye.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.K.125285.125285.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Indlela entsha necocekileyo yokuvelisa yemizi-mveliso iyayiguqula indlela esenza nesisebenzisa ngayo izinto, ngokuzenza zibe namandla angakumbi nokunqanda ukungcolisa indalo engqongileyo. Oku ke kusekelwe kumgaqo wokuthintela ingxaki ingekafiki. Oku kusenokukhokelela kwiinguqu ezimandla ezingqondweni zabantu kwanakwiindlela abenza ngayo izinto. Eli phepha linikezela ngeengcebiso ngendlela onokonga ngayo umbane, wonge amanzi ze unciphise nenkukuma.
" Kutshiswa ikilogram yelahle ngeyure nganye yekilowatt yombane osetyenzisiweyo."
"Amanzi yindalo enqabileyo yaye iNtshona Kapa ayisenazo iindawo ezinokufanela ukwakhiwa kwamadama."
Ziya kuba mbini kuphela iimeko apho kugcwaliswa amadama ngamanzi kule minyaka mibini izayo!
"Ihlabathi livelisa umlinganiselo weetoni ezine zomoya omdaka, umntu ngamnye, ngonyaka, abemi boMzantsi Afrika bona bavelisa umlinganiselo olishumi lweetoni zalo moya mdaka, umntu ngamnye, ngonyaka."
Khusela igiza yakho ngokuthi uyigqume ngengubo yegiza ze wonge imali ephakathi kweeponti ezintlanu nezilishumi ngenyanga.
Faka isixhobo esibalayo kwigiza yakho ngenjongo yokuthintela ukubilisa amanzi ongazokuwasebenzisa. Oku kungakongela ukuya kufikelela kumashumi amabini ekhulwini kwityala lakho lombane lenyanga.
Fakela isixhobo sokubilisa amanzi esisebenzisa ilanga. Oku kubyibonakalisa imbuyekezo yokonga umbane ngexesha elifikelela kwiminyaka esibhozo yaye isebenzisa indlela enokuphinda isebenziseke kwixesha elizayo.
Ingakumbi xa uzakhela indlu, le yindlela eyonga ngokumandla. Apha wonga ngokwengqikelelo ephakathi kwamashumi amabini namane ekhulwini kwityala lakho lombane lenyanga.
Zicime izibane xa uhambayo.
Ngokukhusela umphezulu wendlu yakho ungonga isiqingatha sombane wokushushubeza.
Khusela iindonga nemigangatho yakho kakuhle, okanye ke usebenzise izixhobo zokwakha eziwongayo umbane.
Le ilandelayo ke yeminye yemizekelo yezinto ezinokwenziwa ekhayeni lakho ukulenza libe nokuwonga amanzi.
Ngokuthi unciphise amanzi okugungxula indlu yakho yangasese ungonga ukuya kufikelela kumashumi amabini ekhulwini amanzi owasebenzisayo ngonyaka ungakhange ube kanti uyasokola emsebenzini wawo. Ungafakela indlela egungxula kabini okanye kaninzi. Isixhobo sokugungxula kabini sineendlela ezimbini nezicwangcisiweyo zokugungxula - isicwangciso esikhupha amanzi amancinci kumchamo ze athi kratya kwizinto eziqinileyo. Indlela yokugunxula kaninzi ke yona ikuvumela ukuba ugungxule nantoni nokuba ingakanani na - ubhekelisela emva nje isixhobo sokugungxula ze iziyekele xa igqibile.
Ngokufakela isixhobo sokumpompela amanzi angwevu (asuka kumatshini wokuhlamba impahla, kwisitya samanzi, kwishawa nakwibhafu) kwisitiya sakho ngenjongo yokusinkcenkceshela. Oku kungakongela amanzi owasebenzisayo ngamashumi amathathu anesihlanu ekhulwini, amakhaya amaninzi kufuneka asuse nesidingo sokongeza amathuba okunkcenkceshela izitiya zawo. Ezi ndlela zokonga ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi zibiza malunga nama-R4 500 ukufakelwa, kodwa ayakuyibonakalisa imbuykezo ekongeni amanzi kwiminyaka nje emibini.
Ukufakela iishawa ezisezantsi kungakongela amanzi owasebenzisayo ngamashumi amahlanu ukuya kwasixhenxe anesihlanu ekhulwini. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo ziyafumaneka, ngokuxhomekeka ke kwindlela ofuna ukuzisebenzisa ngayo. Ukuhlamba ngeshawa yeyona ndlela iwongayo amanzi kunokuhlamba ngesitya sokuhlambela, nkqu nangaphandle kwezi ntloko zeeshawa.
Iziciko zeemopmpo ziyakucutha ukuchiphiza kwamanzi ngamashumi amahlanu ukuya kwangamashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu ekhulwini. Ngokwesiqhelo, amanzi amaninzi kwezi mpompo aphuma aye ngqo phantsi angene esinkini engakhange asetyenziswe.
iNtshona Kapa ivelisa inkukuma eninzi kunaleyo imele ukuba iyayilahla. Umntu ngamnye ohlala eKapa ukhupha i1.6 yeekilograms zenkukuma ngosuku. Amanzi ehla ezindongeni nasemhlabeni angcolisa amanzi asemhlabeni kwakunye nehlabathi. La manqaku alandelayo akunika nje umqondo wezinto ezinokwenziwa ekhayeni lakho ukunciphisa inkukuma eniyivelisayo.
Phinda usebenzise kangangoko kwinkukuma yakho. Ezi mveliso zilandelayo zingaphinda zisetyenziswe: iphepha, iglasi, iitoti, iiplastiki, imveliso zomgquba, kwakunye ne-oli yezithuthi. Akho amazibuko okulondoloza inkukuma elahliweyo kuthotho lwezikolo okanye imibutho. Qhagamshelana nomaspala wakho okanye incwadi yakho yeenombolo zomnxeba ukuze ufumane iziko elilondoloza inkukuma elikufutshane nawe. Sebenzisa inkqubo yomgqomo owahlula-hlulwe kabini okanye kathathu. Le ke yimigqomo yasekhayeni eyahlula-hluliweyo ukwenzela ukufaka iintlobo ezithile zenkukuma ukwenzela kube lula ukonga inkukuma. Iinkukuma ezahlukeneyo nezilondolozekayo zingafakwa kumacandelo ahlukeneyo anemibala eyahlukileyo.
Yenza umgquba inkukuma yakho engumgquba (ekukutya neyasesitiyeni) Lo mgquba ungasetyenziswa esitiyeni ngokuthi uhlanganiswe nomhlaba ukuphucula ubume bomhlaba lowo. Wangeza umhlaba ochumileyo yaye unikezela ngezakhi eziza kuncedisa ekukhuleni kakuhle nangokukhawuleza kwezityalo.
Phinda uzisebenzise izitya ebezithwele ukutya ze uqinisekise ukuba izinto ozithengayo azigcwelisanga ziplastiki. Ukuba kunjalo, khalaza! Loo nto ibonakalisa ukuhlakanipha.
Ukuba uyahombisa, khetha iipeyinti neevanishi ezingenamachiza.
Wucime umabonwa-kude wakho endaweni yokuwushiya ukwimo emileyo - oomabonwa-kude abashiywe bekwimo yokuma basadla ikota yombane eziwudlayo xa zisetyenziswayo.
Musa ukubilisa iketile yonke yamanzi xa uza kusebenzisa ikopi enye kuphela apho, bilisa amanzi oza kuwasebenzisa kuphela.
Sebenzisa izithuthi zikawonke-wonke okanye uhambe ngeenyawo okanye uqhube ibhayisekile xa usiya emsebenzini okanye evenkileni. Qhuba isithuthi esincinci njengoko siza kusebenzisa amafutha amancinci sona, sikhuphe ukungcola kancinci yaye sidinga imali encinci xa silungiswa kunezo zikhulu.
Ngenxa yokuba izitiya ezi zidinga amanzi amaninzi, kubalulekile ke ukuqwalasela imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela ewongayo. Ezi ndlela zikwadinga umsebenzi omncinci kunezitiya eznkulu.
Lima izityalo eziwongayo amanzi - ezona zityalo zithenjiweyo ke ekongeni amanzi zezo zizezaloo ngingqi ngokwemvelo njengoko zingadingi kuphinda zinkcenkceshelwe.
Beka izityalo ngokwamaqela ngokwendlela eziwatya ngayo amanzi - oku kuthintela ukuchitha amanzi kwizityalo ezingawadingiyo.
Qwalasela umgangatho nohlobo lwesitiya sakho, ngoko ke cingisisa umbono wokucutha isitiya sakho.
Phucula umhlaba nomhlaba - indlela umhlaba wakho owonga ngayo amanzi iyaphuculeka ngumgquba omninzi. Ukugquma umhlaba ngodka oluninzi, umgquba, istro, njalo-njalo zigcina umhlaba wakho ufume nangakumbi.
Lima ngexesha lonyaka elifanelekileyo - kwiinginqi ezifumana iimvula ebusika, elona xesha lifanelekileyo nguKwindla nalapha ekuqaleni kobusika ukuze izityalo ezo zibe nethuba lokuntdhula iingcambu zazo phambi kwexesha lonyaka elomileyo. Kwiingingqi ezifumana iimvula ehlotyeni, elona xesha lifanele ukulima yintwasa-hlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Nkcenkceshela ngendlela efanelekileyo - musa ukunkcenkceshela kanye ligqatse ubhobhoyi ilanga okanye kwiimeko ezivuthuzayo. Enye yezona ndlela zonga amanzi zokunkcenkceshela yileyo yokusebenzisa umbhobho wokunkcenkceshela - le ndlela amashumi amabini anesihlanu ekhulwini amanzi asetyenziswa kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zokunkcenkceshela, futhi inkcenkceshela kakuhle, yaye futhi isenokufakwa ngaphantsi kwengca.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.K.17842.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luthi thaca amalungelo abantwana ngendlela efundeka lula.
Onke amalungelo oluntu angawethu sonke!
Akukho mntu unalungelo lakukukhathaza.
bagxeke wena ngezinto ongazenzanga.
Akukho mntu unalungelo lakukukhathaza.
Ukuba umntu othile ukuqumbele, kufuneka akwazise. Akamelanga kukubetha.
Ukuba umntu othile uya kukhathaza okanye uya kungcungcuthekisa, okanye ukhathaza umntu omaziyo, UNGALUFUMANA UNCEDO.
Tsalela iChild Line kule nombolo - 08000 55555 okanye ke amapolisa kule nombolo - 10111.
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ukukubonisa imifanekiso yabantu abenza izinto ezifana naleyo, okanye abahamba ngaze.
Oku ke kubizwa ngokuba yimpatho-gadalala ngokwesondo. Ukuba oku kwakhe kwenzeka kuwe, ayinguwe wedwa. Akwenzanga nto ingalunganga!
Akukho mntu umele ukuphathwa gadalala!
Zikho ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuncedisana namalinge okukugcina ukhuselekile.
inombolo yomnxeba yamapolisa kwakunye neyeChild Line.
Ukuba uyoyika okanye kukho umntu omaziyo odinga uncedo, thetha nomntu onokukukhusela, umntu ofana nomama okanye utata wakho, utitshala wakho, ugqirha wakho, amapolisa okanye omnye umntu ecaweni yakho.
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<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.K.87102.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Umhlobo wam wafunyaniswa ukuba uphila nentdholongwane kaGawulayo kwisithuba seminyaka esibhozo eyadlulayo futhi uqalisa ukugula kungoku nje. Ungumzali oyedwa futhi ukhathzwa kukuba ngubani na na oya kujongana nentwazana yakhe eneshumi elinesibini leminyaka ubudala ukuba uthi asutywe kukufa. Undicelile ukuba ndiyihoyw le ntwazana, yaye ndiya kwenjenjelo. Ingxaki ke kukuba akazi ukuba makayichazele njani na le ntwazana ukuba uphila nale ntsholongwane. Ingaba kukho endinokukwenza ukumnceda kulo mba?
Impendulo: Into ekubalulekileyo ukuba umhlobo wakho ayazi kukuba lininzi ixesha lokucinga nokucwangcisa ekumele kwenziwe. Enye yezona zinto zinzima abazali abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ekufuneka bejamelene nazo kukuxelela abantwana babo ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Amaxesha amaninzi boyika kakhulu ukuthetha nabantwana babo. Kodwa ke oku kuthula kungayingozi kumntu wonke. Abantwana bayakhathazeka xa bebona ukuba kukho nto ingahambi ngendlela futhi bangazigxeka bona ngokugula nokukhathazeka kwabazali babo.
Ukuyixelela intwazana yakhe kungabaluleka ukuze ibe nokuzilungiselela ixesha apho unina athi asutywe kukufa, udinga ixesha lokuthi ndlela-ntle. Kufuneka babe kunye kangangoko banakho.
Ayiyo nto ilula kubazali ukuxelela abantwana babo ukuba baphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Abantwana banokuzifumana bekwimeko efanayo naleyo abazali babekuyo xa babeqala ukufumanisa ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Umzekelo, kusenokuba baziva besoyika, benemisindo okanye benxunguphele. Kufuneka ikhumbuleke ke neyokuba ukuziva ngolu hlobo ngexesha lale meko yinto eqhelekileyo.
Xa exelela intwazana yakhe ukuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, umhlobo wakho kufuneka aqwalsele ezi zinto zilandelayo: (a) intwazana yakhe le ingabuza imibuzo emininzi futhi ingadinga inkxaso eninzi. Kubalulekile ke ukuba avunyelwe abuze imibuzo. (b) Zama ukunikezlea iimpendulo ezicacileyo nezinyanisekileyo. Kufuneka enikwe zonke iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo (c) Umhlobo wakho kufuneka ayithathele ingqalelo indlela intwazana yakhe eziva ngayo ngalo mba ze futhi ayikhuthaze ukuba ithethe ngendlela eziva ngayo ingakumbi ngoloyiko lwakhe ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu.
Kungabaluleka kakhulu kumhlobo wakho ukuba acele elinye/amanye amalungu osapho osapho (asele wawaxelela ngaphambil ngalo mba) ukuba abekho emva kokuba edize isimo sakhe ngale ntsholongwane kwintwazana yakhe, ukuyinika ufifana lokuba ungibani na yena. Ubukho bakho ukuza kunikezela ngenkxaso ngeli xesha linzima kangaka kuya kuba lulutho, njengoko buya kunceda ekusekeni ubunye phakathi kwakho nentwazana le. Ukuvumela le ntwazana ukuba iveze indlela eziva ngayo ngokosuleleka kukanina yintshologwane kaGawulayo kuya kuyinceda izive ixhasiwe. Oku kungakwenza lula ukuba ithethe nawe namane amalungu osapho ngonina emva kokuba ethe wasutywa kukufa. Intwazana le iya kudinga inkxaso eninzi ngoku ingakumbi ngexesha lokusweleka kukanina. Inkxaso enikwa intwazana yakhe iya kumenza umhlobo wakho naye azive ephumle.
Kungaluncedo kumhlobo wakho nentwazana yakhe ukuseka indlela yokuphilisana ekhayeni, into abaya kuthanda ukuyenza ngamaxesha onke. Oku kungenzeka kanye ngeveki mhlawumbi. Umzekelo, ukuba nesidlo esisodwa sasemva kwemini, ukubukela umboniso bhanya-bhanya kunye. Inokuba yinto intwazana le engakhetha ukuqhubekeka iyenza nawe emva kokusweleka kukanina, into eza kukhumbulula unina ngayo neya kumnika amandla okuqhubekeka nobomi.
Enye yeendlela zokudala iinkumbulo ezibalulekileyo ingakukugcina ibhokisi yeenkumbulo. Umhlobo wakho lo angaqokelela yonke into ebalulekileyo kuye ze ayifake kule bhokisi yeenkumbulo, umzekelo, ingalisuntswana lempahla enxitywayo, imifanekiso, izihombiso okanye amakhadi awodwa. Umhlobo wakho usenokubhalela intwazana yakhe incwadana yembalelwano eyixelela indlela ayithanda ngayo ze ayifake le ncwadi kule bhokisi yembalelwano ukuze ibe nokuvulwa emva kokusweleka kwakhe. Iintwazana le mhlawumbi ingafumana ukuzinza okukhulu ekuberni nento ebambekayo ukuze iyikhumbuze ngonina kwanothando abebenalo bobabini.
Bobabini umhlobo wakho nentwazana yakhe badinga inkxaso eninzi kweli xesha, futhi banethamsanqa ngokuba wena uzibnika ixesha lokuba nabo ubaxhase ngeli xesha linzima kangaka ebomini babo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.K.87102.11.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > K > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Umbuzo: Ndingumhlobo osenyongweni womntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Ndingamnceda njani lo mhlobo wam ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ze kwangaxesha-nye ndijongane neziphazamiso zale ntlungu ebomini bam nakubudlelwane bam nabanye abantu?
Impendulo: Ukufumaniseka kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kukaGawulayo akuchaphazeli lo mntu wosulelekileyo nje yedwa. Kusenokuchaphazela nosapho, izihlobo kwanolntu nje ekuhlaleni. Ukufumaniseka kwanokuzazi ukuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kungabuhlungu ze kuchaphzela iinkalo ezininzi zobomi: emzimbeni, emphefumlweni, uluntu, izimali, kwanasemoyeni; kungakhathaza kubantu abathile nakubudlelwane babantu abathile.
Njengomntu onikezela inkxaso izinto ezibangela ukuikhathazeka kwakho zingafana nezo zikhathaza lowo uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Ukuziva unomsindo, usoyika, udangele, uxhwalekile, ungenakuncedakala nokungazinzi zonke zingavela ziphinde zihambe nanini na. Ezi ndlela zokuziva ziqhelekile, kodwa ke kusenzima ukumelana nazo. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba uzichonge futhi uzazi ezona ndlela uziva ngazo ngesihlobo sakho ze ufumane inkxasi yokumelana nazo.
Ngokobudlelwane onabo nabantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo ntsuku zonke, ukuziguzula kwizinto ezithile, impixano, ukuxhomekeka, intiyo, ukutshintsha kwendima oyidlalayo kwakunye nesondo zingangumba otshis' ibunzi. Kubanye abantu, usapho, izimali, kwakunye nokubekwa eli hlazo lokuphila kwanokwayanyaniswa nesi sifo kungabeka eminye imithwalo emagxeni akho.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba nangona izidingo nendlela oziva ngayo zinokubonakala zingabalulekanga xa uzithelekisa nezo zabantu abasenyongweni, akufuneki bamele ngsemva. Nabo babalulekile ebomini babantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Ukuba akuthi umelane nendlela oziva ngayo nezidingo zakho, ziyakwanda, zidale ukungazinzi nentiyo, kwakunye nothotho lwezinye iindlela zokuphila ezingatshongo khona.
Eyona iyiyo yokumelana nazo kukuthetha ngazo kumntu oziva ukhuselekile xa unaye. Gelixa unokukwazi ukuthetha ngazo kwezinye zezihlobo zakho, oku akusoloko kunjalo. Izihlobo azizokusoloko ziziqonda futhi zicacelwa zizinto ezikuhluphayo. Kwakhona, usenokuba wafunga ukuba akusokuze uxelele mntu ngalo mba ze ungakwazi kuxelela nesona sihlobo sakho sisenyongweni.
Enye indawo onokuzikhupha kuyo iinzingo zakho, onokwabelana kuyo ngamava akho kuyo ze ufumane nenkxaso liqela lenkxaso. Le ke ingayindawo ekhuselekileyo onokukhuphela kuyo izinto imiba izinto ongazithandiyo nezingakhiyo, ezifana mhlawumbi, ukucekisa, ukuziva unetyala, uloyiko okanye ke nobundlavini ngaphandle kokuzibona unetyala ngaloo nto, futhi ngapnhandle kokonzakalisa mntu kuloo nquleqhu.
Ngaphandle kokunikezela ngenkxaso yomphefumlo, amaqela enkxaso anganakho nokunceda ekudaleni amakhonkco onxibelelwano, imiba yonyango okanye yononophelo, iingxaki zemali, ngokuthi, umzekelo, uqalise ngeshishini lesitiya sezityalo okanye okanye ukufunda izakhono ezifana nokuhlanganisa iintsimbi zeisxhosa, unonophelo lwabantwana kwakunye nezakhono zokuba ngumzali.
Abantu abaphila nentaholongwane kaGawulayo kunye noGawulayo kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba bazimanye namaqela anikezela inkxaso kumaxhoba entsholongwane kaGawulayo kwangezizathu ezinye. Kubalulekile ukuba abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo bazi ukuba bayaxhaswa. Ngokuba nabo nje, umamele, unakane ze ucacise ukudideka, ukubamba, ukuthula, ukuhleka, nokukhala nabo ngamanye amaxesha yeyona nto ilungileyo nefanelekileyo onokuyenza.
Njengesihlobo, unethuba elangeziweyo lokwabelana, ithuba elaneleyo lokubulela ixesha enibe nalo kwakunye namathuba okunxibelelana anzulu nasenyongweni nikunye.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.K.87102.12.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > K > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Isihlobo sam esisenyongweni sisanda ukundishiya sibulawa ngulo Gawulayondini futhi andikwazi tu ukumelana nenyaniso yokuba akasekho, ngaphezu kok futhi, ebengabeki themba kubuhlobo bethu de wakwazi nokundifihlela ukuba ubephila nentsholongwwane kaGawulayo Ndingenza ntoni ngalo mba?
Impendulo: Kuyacaca ukuba ikuphethe kabuhlungu into yokushiywa sisihlobo sakho esisenyongweni. Enye yezona zinto zinzima kakhulu ebomini kukuphulukana nesihlobo esisenyongweni, ingakumbi kusekho into ebeningekayenzi nobabini.
Ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo sele kudale imeko yokungathembani, ngamanye amaxesha nkqu naphakathi kwezona zihlobo zisenyongweni. Esinye sezizathu zoku ibe kukubekwa ibala kabuhlungu, usayanyaniswa nesi sigulo. Koku kubekwa ibala oku kudale ukuba abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo bale ukwabelana ngolwazi lwezimo zabo nabanye abantu, nkqu nabo basenyongweni nabaziintandane zabo. Ukufumana isiphumo esithi uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kuthi kudale intlekele nokuba ikumila kunjani na kulo mntu uxelelwa ngezi ezi ziphumo. Akukhathaliseki nokuba zimlungele okanye zimnceda njani na iingcebiso noncedo alunikwayo umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, akufunekanga sibudele ubunzima bomothuko umntu awufumanayo akuxelelwa ukuba kuthe kanti uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Umcebisi yena buqu akasali engachaphazeleki ziziphumo ekufuneka ezinikezele. Abacebisi ekuhlanganwa nabo Kumaziko Empilo Asekuhlaleni bafumene uqeqesho neengcebiso eziluqilima ezingeziphumo zokucebisa abantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane, luqeqesho olo lubanika amandla okwenza lo msebenzi bawenzayo. Uninzi lwabo kudala lwaba ngabacebisi ngoko ke banamava angummangaliso. Bayakwazi ukunikezela ngenkxaso edingekayo nekhatshwa luthando novelwano ze banikezele nangolwazi olufanelekileyo ukuze babe nokufumana imvume ethatyathwe ngolwazi kwabo babancedayo phambi kokwenza uvavanyo, ze futhi abo bancedwayo bakwazi ukumelana neentliziyo ezibuthathaka zabo bantu xa iziphumo sele zisaziwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu bangaze baluvumele uyavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphandle kokufumana iingcebiso ngaphambi nasemva kolo vavanto kumcebisi oqeqeshiweyo.
Kungenxa yale ngcaciso ingentla apha apho ndinethemba lokukuqinisekisa ukuba ngelixa isihlobo sakho sikhethe ukungakuxeleleli ngesimo sakhe, ebenokuba ufumana eyona nkxaso neengcebiso ezimlungeleyo ngexesha leengcebiso nelovavanyo.
Ngelixa ndinganqweneli kubunciphisa nakancinci ubuzaza bentlungu nenkxwaleko okuyo ngenxa yokushiywa sisihlobo ngenxa yokubiwa zizifo ezayanyaniswa noGawulayo inbgazange ikuxelele wena ukuba iphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, ndingathanda ukukucacisela ukuba kwenzeka ntoni na emntwini xa afumana iziphumo zokuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Ukufunyaniswa uphila nale ntsholongwane kunyanzelisa ukuzikisisa jukucinga oku nokuzifuna, ngelixa ukwaxhwalekile. Intlekele ke eza nale meko ingahlala kuwe iveki zilandelelane ngelixa uzama ngandlela zonke ukumelana nokuphila nezi ndaba, futhi ucinga nokuba baza kuthini na abantu abasenyongweni kuwe (izihlobo nezalamane) kunye nabanye. Xa efumana iziphumo ezithi uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo, uthi othuke kuba kaloku ezo zisenokuba zezona ndaba zibuhlungu loo mntu wakha waziva ebomini bakhe. Amaxesha amaninzi lo mothuko mkhulu kangangokuba emva kokufumana ezi ndaba, umntu uhlala ekhumbula ukuba uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo qha.
Enye yezona mo zinzulu umntu azifumana eguntyungelwe yiyo luloyiko. Uloyiko lokunokwenzeka emntwini, uloyiko lwekamva, uloyiko lokuahlwa lusapho, zizihlobo, uloyiko lokukhathaza isihlobo okanye iqabane elisenyongweni ngokuthi uze nezi ndaba. Xa ndithetha ngamava am eminyaka ngeminyaka kweli candelo lokucebisa nokuthuthuzela amaxhoba, mhlawumbi ndiseza kuhlangana nomntu ongacingiyo nangaliphi na ixesha ukuba iindaba zokuphila kwakhe nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ziya kubakhathaza kangakanani na abantu abasenyongweni kuye nokuba zingayintoni na iziphumo zoko.
Umsindo, ukudana ze ngamanye amaxesha ukuzibeka ityala zidlala indima enkulu kwiintlobo zezigqibo eziquka ukwazisa izihlobo ezisenyongweni. Ezi mo zisoloko zijoliswe kulo kwalulo mntu wazo. Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuba umntu ancokole ngezi mo kubantu abakhuselekileyo nabanikezela inkxaso. Abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baba sesichengeni, ngokwasenyameni nangokwasemphefumlweni. Kodwa ke ngamanye amaxehsa bakhetha ukwabelana ngale meko nabacebisi nabathuthuzeli abaqeqeshiweyo, kunokuyincokola nezihlobo namalungu osapho asenyongweni kuba kaloku ukwenza njalo kuya kumgumbungela kakhulu.
Kuba nzima ukuzipha amandla kumaungu osapho xa kukho kwalapha elusatsheni, umntu obuthathaka. Ngoko ke abantu bangakhetha ukuncokola le meko nabacebisi nabathuthuzeli abaqeqeshiweyo kuphela; apho baqinisekiswayo ngokhuseleko, indawo yokukhupha indlela umntu aziva ngayo ngaphandle kokufihla nto; apho indlela umntu aziva ngayo iya kukhutshwa ngentlonipho, imbi okanye intle, imo apho umntu angazokubekwa tyala nengakhethi cala. Enye yezona meko zoloyiko kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kuxa umntu esoyika ukuba uza kuphulukana nenkxaso ayidingayo yosapho nezihlobo. Uloyiko lokuba le nkxaso ingaphela lwenza abantu bazifihle ukuba baphila nale ntsholongwane. Ndiyayiqonda nento yokuba usenokuba nemibuzo engenakuze iphenduleke. Ndingacebisa ke ngoko ukuba uzinike ilungelo lokuziva udakumbile, unomsindo, ukhathazekile. Akuyi kukunceda tu ukuyifihla nakuwe lo indlela oziva ngayo. Kwilixa elithile ungafumanisa kunyanzelekile ukuba wenze into ebonakalayo efana nokundwendwela ingcwaba lakhe, okanye wenze into ebenithanda ukuyenza nobabini, nto leyo eza kubuyisa iinkumbulo ezimnandi. Uya kufumanisa ke, ngokuhamba kwamaxesha, ukuba: "Intlungu ayipheli, kodwa ngoku behlile ubuzaza". Ukuba kunyanzelekile, thetha nomcebisi othuthuzelayo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.K.87102.17.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > K > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Umbuzo: Ndivile ukuba urhulumente uya kube enikezela ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kubantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane kwilixa elizayo. Ndingathanda ke ukwazi ukuba le nkqubo iya kusebenza njani na ukuze nam ndibe nokufikelela kula machiza.
Impendulo: Unyanisile xa uthi amachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo aya kufumaneka kuluntu ngokubanzi, kodwa ke noxa kunjalo, abanyanzelekanga bonke abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuba bawasebenzise la machiza ukuphucula impilo yabo. Unyango ngala machiza lunceda abantu abaphila nale ntsholongwane ukuba baphile ubomi obude nobusempilweni kuba kaloku injongo kukunciphisa izinga lale ntsholongwane emizimbeni yabo (lowo ke ngumthwalo abanawo wale ntsholongwane emizimbeni yabo) kube ke ngoko komelezwa amajoni abo omzimba. Apha eMzantsi Afrika abantu abakwizigidi ezintlanu sele bephila nale ntsholongwane (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuthi omnye kwithoba ngalinye labantu uphila nayo) kodwa ngamakhulu amahlanu amawaka kuphela abantu ekufuneka befumene unyango lwala machiza kuba kaloku uninzi lona lusesempilweni. Elona xesha umntu ophila nentsholongwane ekuya kufuneka efumene unyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kuxa benesibalo se-CD4 esingaphantsi kwama-200 (esi sibalo se-CD4 ke luvavanyo olubonisa ukomelela kwamajoni omzimba) okanye isigulo esichaza ukuphila noGawulayo (umzekelo wesi sifo ke kukwehla kakhulu kobunzima bomzimba, isifo esidumbisa inwebu yobuchopho, isifo sokukral kwemiphunga, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, isifo sephepha esibetha ngaphandle kwemiphunga, izifo zomhlaza, izifo ezinento yokwenza nokungcola neencukuthu). Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ube kanti umelene nezi meko zimbini ngaphambi kokuba ube nakho ukufumana unyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo.
iNtshona Koloni yenza izicwangciso zokumisela xa kufika inyanga kaTshazimpunzi ka-2004 iya kube sele inamaziko alishumi elinethoba apho abantu baya kufumana khona la machiza ze amanye amaziko alishumi elinesine avulwe ekuhambeni kwaloo nyaka, nto leyo ke iwabeka kumashumi amathathu anesithathu la maziko okuzibandakanya koluntu nale nkqubo yokufikelela kumachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Izigulana eziphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuthunyelwa kule nkqubo xa isibalo sabo se-CD4 singaphantsi kwama-200 okanye kufunyaniswe ukuba baphila nesifo esichaza ubukho bukaGawulayo.
Umqathango wokuba isigulana eso kufuneka sibe kanti sizinikele ekusebenziseni olu nyango lumachiza mathathu ubomi baso bonke.
Ukuxelela umntu oza kuba 'ngumlingane kule nkqubo yonyango' okanye umncedisi wesigulana eso ukuqinisekisa ukuba le nkqubo iyathotyelwa futhi iyathobeleka. Kubalulekile ke oku, njengoko ukuthabatha usebenzise amachiza amaninzi nahlukeneyo ngexesha elifanayo ngosuku ngalunye, ntsuku zonke ubomi bakho bonke ingeyonto ilula ukuyenza ngaphandle koncedo. Isigulana eso kufuneka siyithobele imiqathango yokusetyenziswa kwala machiza ukuze siqinisekise ukuba umzimba waso ufumana amachiza awaneleyo kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba ayasebenza la machiza emzimbeni waso.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso asizintyintyi kakubi ngamachiza, ingakumbi utywala. Isizathu soku ke kukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso asiphathwa kakubi kukutyeka kwesibindi saso butywala obo. Ngapha koko ke, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa ngendlela yiyo nangenyameko la machiza xa umntu aphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala. Isigulana eso sikwakhuthazwa ukuba siphile ubomi obusilungeleyo nobusempilweni yaye saziswe ngeengozi zokusebebnzisa amachiza akhabanayo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso siya kuba nakho ukuzimasa imihlangano emithathu yokunikezelwa kolwazi kwanemibini yokunikelwa kweengcebiso noncedo ngendlela yokuphila. Le nkqubo ke iya kuthabatha iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezisibhozo ukuze ibe nokugqibelela. Injongo yoku iya kuba kukufundisa isigulana esi kuthotho lwezinto eziquka ulwazi ngala machiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo, injongo yawo, ukuba asebenza njani, iziphene, ukubaluleka kokuthotyelwa kweemeko zokusetyenziswa kwawo kwaneemeko apho umzimba ungawevayo la machiza. Abacebisi ke nabo kuya kufuneka benze uvavanyo lwemeko yokuhlala neyengqondo yesigulana eso ukuze iqela lezonyango lifikelele esigqibeni sokuba isigulana eso siwalungele na la machiza. Ukuba kufunyaniswa ukuba isigulana eso siwalungele amachiza la, kuya kufuneka sinikwe iingcebiso ze sinikwe nemiyalelo yokutyelela iiklinikhi. Ukuba isigulana eso asikawalungeli la machiza umcebisi nesi sigulana baya baya kusebenzisana ekuseombululeni le ngxaki ukuze isigulana sibe nokufikelela kula machiza.
Isigulana kufuneka sivume ukuthabathela kuso uxanduva lwempilo nonyangp lwaso. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba isigulana esi sizinikele ekusebenziseni iipilisi, ukuzimasa yonke imihlangano yokunikezla ngolwazi kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba uyayithobela imiqathango yokuba kule nkqubo.
Xa ndiqoshelayo ke, abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuba nakho ukufikelela simahla kunyango ngamachiza adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo xa amajoni emizimba yabo edodobele yaye edinga ukomelezwa (apha ke kuxa isibalo sabo se-CD4 singaphantsi kwama-200) naxa bebonakalisile ukuba bakulungele ukuzinikela kuxanduva lokujongana nonyango lwabo ubomi babo bonke. Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka uye kweyona klinikhi ikufutshane nawe ukuze ube nokufumana uvavanyo lokuba ngokwenene ukulungele na ukwamkelwa kule nkqubo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.K.87102.19.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Umbuzo: Ndinabantwana ababini abangaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka ubudala yaye bayathanda ukundihlaba imibuzo ngemiba enzima. Kutsha nje, imibuzo yabo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo ikhe yanobuzaza de ndanzinyelwa nakukuyiphendula yaye kungoku nje ndiziva ngathi ndisoloko ndingazithembanga ngempendulo endibanika yona nokuba mandiwuxoxa ngaluphi na umba othile nabo. Ndiyazi ke noko ukuba kufuneka benalo ulwazi. Ndithini?
Impendulo: Ukuncokola nabantwana ngemiba enzima kusoloko kubashiya abazali bezibuza ukuba bayingene kakuhle nangendlela efanelekileyo na imicimbi ethil. Intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo yimicimbi enobuzaza kakhulu ekubeni umntu angancokola ngayo ebantwaneni kangangokuba isinzimela kakhulu sonke. Naxa siqalisa ukuncokola ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo siya kufumanisa ukuba kufuneka sichaphazela neminye imiba ebandakanyekayo efana nokwabelana ngesondo nesini.
Umbono wakho uphile wokuba abantwana aba kuyafuneka benalo ulwazi uphile kakhulu xa uchaphazela intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo. Kanye njengokuba sibafundisa abantwana bethu ngeendlela zokuwela umgaqo ukuze bakhuseleke ze babe nawo namacebo okumelana nemeko enganobungozi kuba, kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukuba sibafundise ngezinye iimeko ezinokubabeka esichengeni. Sizama ukukhulisa abantwana kwiingingqi ekugquba kuzo ubundlobongela, apho abantu bosuleleka mihla le yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, apho iziyobisi ziya zisetyenziswa kakhulu yaye zifumaneka lula, yaye ukwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ingaseyonto inganqabanga. Konke ke oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba kufuneka sizaqme ukulungisa ze sincokole ngayo ynoke le miba, kufuneka sibe kanti siyayikhuthaza indlela yokuncokola ngendlela ekhululekileyo. Oku ke kuya kuquka ukuphendula imibuzo kwanokumamela ngenyameko nokuba umba/imiba leyo kuncokolwa ngayo akululanga ukuncokola ngayo.
Kutheni kubalulekile nje ukuba abazali bancokole nabantwana babo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Xa abantwana bekubuza imibuzo kungokuba bekuthembile ukuba uya kubanika ulwazi abaludingayo. Ngamanye amaxesha ke basenokubuza kuba befuna ukuqinisekisa okanye ukungqinisisa izinto abazixelelwe ngabanye abantu ezinokunganyaniseki! Nokuba babuzela ntoni ke kodwa, oko kukunika ithuba elihle lokuqala ukuncokola ngemiba enzima.
Musa ukungazinzi! Abantwana bakho bangakubuza imibuzo ongenazimpendulo zayo nenokukwenza ungabi nakuzibamba. Ukungazinzi, okunokukhokelela ekubeni ungabi nakuphendula okanye ekuwugxibheni okanye ekungawuhoyini loo mbuzo, akuyi kunceda. Ulwazi olululo lungabanceda bahlale bekhuselekile ze benze nezigqibo ezibhadlileyo.
Yikhuthaze Incoko - Khululeka ekuncokoleni nabantwana bakho ngento yonke. Ncokola, wabelane, uhleke, unxibelelane!
Qala Kuselithuba - Ukuqala beselula abantwana kuya kuyenza lula nkqubo. Xa abantwana bakho sele bengumlisela nomthinjana baya bekulungele ukucinga nokwenza izinto ezibhadlileyo, yaye aya kuba mancinci kakhulu amathuba okuba benze izigqibo ezingabhadlanga.
Cingisisa - Lihloniphe inqanaba nobudala babantwana bakho. Musa ukubanika oluninzi kunolo balufunayo okanye baludingayo. (Umzekelo, umntwana onesithandathu nonethoba leminyaka ubudala baya kuba nemibuzo neenkathazo ezahlukileyo). Ukuba akuqinisekanga, cela iingcebiso ozinikezelayo. Musa ukuqhubekeka uthetha naxa sele bengasamamelanga.
Qala Iincoko - Qiniseka ukuba niyathembana nabantwana bakho kwiincoko. Khangela iindlela zokuqala ukuncokola ngemiba enzima NGOKU!
Thetha Rhoqo! Ukuncokola kube kanye emva kwexesha elide ngemiba yesondo akuyi kubanceda abantwana bakho ekufumaneni ulwazi abaludingayo. Phinda-phinda. Qinisekisa ukuba uviwe futhi iyaqondakala le nto uyithethayo. Abantwana aba badinga ukuva izinto rhoqo ukuze babe nokufumana izifundo kuzo.
Thembakala - Ukuba awunayo impendulo yombuzo othile, baxelele. Ukuba akuyiboni kakuhle indaba yokuncokola nabo ngemiba yesondo. Kodwa ke zama ukuyitsho loo nto ngendlela engabathinteliyo ukwenzeni incoko nawe. Mghlawumbi ke usenakho nokumcebisa umntwana lowo ukuba aye kuncokola okanye abuze kwesinye isizalwane okanye umsebenzi wezempilo. Ngaphezu, mxelele ukuba ungahamba naye! Zama ukufunda nabantwana bakho.
Qinisekisa ukuba uxhobile! Akunakusoloko uqikelela ukuba umntwana uza nomba onzima na. Kodwa ke kuyafuneka ukuba ube nalo ufifana ngemiba echaphazela intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo yaye kufuneka uzive uzinzile xa uncokola ngemiba enobuzaza.
Zininzi ke kodwa iindawo onokuya kuzo ukuze ufumane uncedo.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.K.87102.9.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > K > Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu &gt Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Umbuzo: Ndinqwenela ukubuza ngokutya "okwachongwa okanye okwamiselwa" ngumphathiswa wezempilo nokube ngundaba-mlonyeni kwezosasazo mvanje. Ndiyabhidwa ziingxelo ezibetha-bethanayo ngeempembelelo kwakunye noncedo oluhlala ixeshana elide lweentlobo ezithile zokutya kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo esele zibaliwe. Besimana ukuxelelwa ngamajelo osasazo ukuba ezi ntlobo zokutya kufuneka zibe luhlobo lonyango esilusebenzisayo nesazi lukhulu ngalo kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo, ngokungafaniyo namachiza alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Bobuphi ubungqina obukhoyo obungqina ukuba naziphi na ezinye zezi ntlobo zokutya ziyakuphucula ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba Ingaba kukhe kwenziwa luphando ngoluntu, iintlobo zokutya emazikhethwe kunye nale ntsholongwane Ingaba isebenza kakuhle kangakanani ilemon ecoliweyo, yaxutywa nene-oli eyangeziweyo yomthi womnquma namanzi, ikonofile ecoliweyo nejinja, isipinatshi, ibhitruthi, kwakunye namachiza anezakhi-mzimba?
Impendulo: Apho bekusele kwenziwe uphando ngoluntu, iziphumo ngeenkqubo zeentlobo zokutya emazikhethwe njengamacabo aphuma kumaziko empilo zisabetha-bethana futhi azinakuthatyathwa njengezipheleleyo. Â¹ Iingcali kwinzululwazi zicebisa ukuba kutyiwe ukutya okusempilweni kwakunye namachiza alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Ingaba zithini izibhalo ngezi ntlobo zokutya?
Ikonofile ephuma entsha inamandla agqwesayo okulwa nokungunda, alwa neentsholongwane kwakunye namagciwane; ikwamisa ngedlela uxinzelelo lwegazi ze yehlise nekholesteroli. Nangona nje ezinye izibhalo zidiza ukuba ikonofile ikhuselekile ukuba isetyenziswa kakhulu.
Izazi kwinzululwazi zicebisa ukuba umgubo wekonofile ungonakalisa inwebu kaxakaxa esesiswini futhi amachiza ekonofile, asetyenziswe ixesha elingaphaya kweenyanga ezimbini, angalandisa ixesha lokopha (angaphazamisana nokoma kwegazi) ze futhi asebenzisane namachiza alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Njengekonofile, amatswele nawo ayanceda ekulweni izifo. Kolunye uphando, amatswele ne-oli yomthi womnquma azizange ziphumelele ekuboniseni ubungcono kwindlela yokusebenza kwamajoni emizimba yabantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo, ze zabonakala zikukhawulezisa ukukhulela kuGawulayo kwale ntsholongwane. Izifundo zithi amatswele amaninzi atyiweyo angabangela ukurhuda okunobuzaza kwanokudumba kwamathumbu.Â³ Amatswele ndawonye namazambane ase-Afrika awayesakudizwa njengalicebo elihle ekulweni intsholongwane le, akhangeleka engasakhankanywa kwiintlobo zokutya ezidweliswe kumbuzo wakho.
Izambane lase-Afrika (iHypoxis) yaba neempumelelo ezingacacanga. Uphando lokuqala lwafumanisa iziphumo ezithembisayo kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo ngokuthi le ntsholongwane ingenyukeli ibe nguGawulayo buqu. Kuphando ngokhuseleko noncedo lwale Hypoxis, uninzi lwezigulana lwakhula uxinzelelo lomongo wethambo onobungozi ze kwanyanzeleka ukuba olo phando luyekwe emva kweeveki ezisibhozo.
Ukusela incindi yelemon (amacephe amancinci abe mabini) kwakunye ne-oli yomthi womnquma (icephe elincinci libe linye), ezixutywe namanzi, kanye ngosuku, kuvakala ukuba ziyawanyusa amazinga okuba nomdla wokutya namanqanaba amandla ze zinciphise nokudumba kwamadlala enkovu.
Izazi ezininzi zicebisa ukuba umntu afumane amachiza anikezela ngezakhi-mzimba ezininzi ingakumbi ukuba akukwazi kutya kutya kwanele iimfuno zomzimba wakho. Ngenxa yesicefu-cefu okanye ukurhuda. Ukutya okunazo zonke iimfuno zomzimba - iziqhamo nemifuno (kuquka ibhitruthi, ispinatshi nejingja), iinqoba, neengcambu, iinkozo, ukutya okuzizilwanyana nezityalo zaselwandle, inyama, inyama yenkukhu, kwakunye neemveliso zobisi - zisezezona nto zingcono ekunokufunyanwa kuzo iivithamini nezakhi-mzimba, noxa kunjalo. Nceda uqinisekise ukuba inyama nentlanzi ziphekisisiwe phambi kokuba zityiwe ngabantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Iintlobo ezininzi zokutya zinezakhi-mzimba, kodwa ke iintlobo zokutya ezinika amajoni omzimba amandla, iivitamini, kwakunye namachiza akha umzimba, ukuba asetyenziswe kakhulu, anganefuthe elibi nakoyena mntu usempilweni ngokugibeleleyo. Amajoni omzimba womntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo abaleka ngesantya esingummangaliso, yaye nefuthe loko lingayinto ebingalindelekanga. Ezinye izakhi-mzimba zinika amajoni omzimba amandla ngelixa zisandisa nokuphinda-phindana kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo emzimbeni. Amachiza azizakhi-mzimba nawo angaphazamisana namachiza alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo futhi kubaluleke ngokugqibeleleyo ukwazisa iqela lakho lononophelo lwempilo ngawo nawaphi na amachiza, amachiza owafumana kumaxhwele, amachiza enziwe ekhayeni, okanye ke nawaphi na amachiza owasebenzisayo. Ngelixa indlela yokubala yesihlunu seCD4 ichaza nje isimo samajoni omzimba, ingxelo yesihlunu seCD4 ibala ukuphucuka kwemiba emibini kwezi ntlobo zezidlo zingentla apha isenokuba inikezele iiingcinga ezingezizo. Ukubala kweCD4 kwehla kusenyuka ngamanqaku afikelela kumashumi asibhozo nakuliphi na icala lesi sibalo ngenxa yefuthe lezinto ezifana nexesha losuku, isidlo ezingaphambili, isigulo okanye ukutshintsha kwemo yakho. Kuyo yomibini le miba, indlela yokubala yeCD4 entsha iphucuke ngamanqaku angaphantsi nje kwamashumi asibhozo.
Kuyacaca ke ukuba kubalulekile ukuzikhusela, ze uzame ukufumana eyona ndlela iyiyo yokutya, futhi leyo ifanele iimfuno zakho, ukuze ibe nokumelana nesi sifo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba konke ukutya okwenzelwe abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo buqu kuphathwa ngendlela esempilweni ukuthintela izifo.
Â² I-Positive Health ka-Neil M. Orr. [2000].
Â³ I-HIV/AIDS Primary Health Care kaClive Evian. 4th ed. Eshicilelwe eRhawutini: Jacana Educational, ngo-2003.
Ndingaqala Njani Ukuxelela Intwazana Yam Ngesimo Sam kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kubalulekile Ukuba Ufumane Iingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokuvavanyelwa Iintshongwane kaGawulayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukondla Usana Lwam Ngobisi Lwebele Xa Ndiphila neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Kuyenzeka Ukuba Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo Xa Usabelana Ngesondo Usebenzisa Nomlomo?
Ingaba Umntu Angakwazi Ukuthintela Ukosulelwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuthi Abelane Ngesondo Esebenzisa Umlomo?
Yintoni Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo: Lusebenza Njani?
Kutheni Nje Amanina Amnyama aseMzantsi Afrika Kukhangeleka Ngathi Akowona Mngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Kunaye Wonke Omnye Umntu?
Ingaba Angosuleleka na Umntu Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngokuhlangana nje Noluntu?
Bobuphi Ubungqina Obukhoyo bokuba Ukutya Okusempilweni Buhlala Buyiphucula Indlela Amajoni Omzimba Asebenza Ngayo?
Ndingakwazi Ukunyanzelisa Ukuba Umntu Othile Aye Kuvavanyelwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo phambi kokuba Ndimnike Isithuba Somsebenzi?
Ndingamnceda Njani Ngeyona Ndlela Umhlobo Wam Ophila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo buqu?
Ndingamelana Nokulahlekelwa Sisihlobo Esisenyongweni Ngokuthi Sibulawe nguGawulayo?
Kutheni Kufuneka Ndisoloko Ndisebenzisa Iintsilathi nje Naxa sebenzisa Amachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Zeziphi Iingcebiso Noncedo Ezinokunikezelwa Kumashishini Asakhasayo Nakhulayo Ngomba Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo Buqu?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye Ndodwa Na okanye Neqabane Lam Xa Ndisiya Kuvavanyo Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ingaba Iya Kusebenza Njani iNkqubo kaRhulumente Yokunikezela Ngamachiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye Ndingawafumana Phi La Machiza?
Ndafunyaniswa Ndiphila Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngo-1998 Xa Ndandiphila Nesifo Sephepha, Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiqalise Ukusebenzisa La Machiza Adodobalisa Ulwamvila Lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngoku?
Ndiqala Phi, Njani Ukuncokola Nabantwana Bam Ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo?
Ingaba Abantwana Bam Bangayifumana Intsholongwane kaGawulayo Ngeendlela Nje Ezilula?
Athini Amathuba Okosuleleka Komntwana Wam Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/nguGawulayo Xa Adlalayo Esikolweni?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.M.115549.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana licacisa ngokuba siyintoni esi sifo sephepha singeva machiza ze linikezele nangeenkcukacha ngonyango nokuthintela ukosuleleka sisoIsifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza.
Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza, nqwa nesifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo" siyathinteleka yayesiyanyangeka. Ukuya kuselithuba kwiziko lakho lempilo kwanokuthobela imigaqo yonyango kagqirha kuya kuthintela ukusasazeka kakhulu kwesi sifo.
Khuthaza nabani na okhohlela isithuba seeveki ezingapha kwesibini ukuba kufumanauvavanyo lwesifo sephepha nokuba wonke ubani ophila nesi sifo ukuba awagqibe amayeza akhe.
Yintoni Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Bangaphi Abantu baseNtshona Koloni Abaphila Nesi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Yintoni Unobangela Wokuhlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Ingaba Umntu Angahlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Engazange Wakhe Wanaso Isifo Sephepha "Esiqhelekileyo"?
Ingaba Kulula Ukuhlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Ingaba Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Sosulela kakhulu Kunesifo Sephepha "Esiqhelekileyo"?
Ziintoni Iimpawu (Izikhalazo) Zabantu Abaphila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Sifunyaniswa Njani Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Kungathinteleka Njani Ukosuleleka Sisifo Sephepha (kuquka neso Singeva Machiza)?
Ingaba Umntu Ophila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Angaqhubekeka Esebenza, futhi ukuba akunjalo, Ingaba Unakho Ukuyifumana Inkam-nkam Yokukhubazeka?
Ingaba Likho Ikhonkco Phakathi Kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kukaGawulayo Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Ingaba umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye abantu abaphila noGawulayo bangawasebenzisa na amachiza alwa nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza kwanalawo adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaxesha-nye?
Kuthethwa Ngantoni xa Kuthethwa "Ngogqabhuko" Lwesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Xa Kunokuthi Kubekho Ugqabhuko Lwesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza, Kungathintelwa Njani Ukusasazeka kwesi Sifo?
Yintoni Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza luhlobo lwesifo sephepha olubangelwa ngamagciwane angabulalekileyo ngamachiza aqhelekileyo okunyanga isifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo". Ngamanye amazwi ke, amachiza aqhelekileyo esiwasebenzisela ukunyanga isifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo" awayi kusebenza.
Bangaphi Abantu baseNtshona Koloni Abaphila Nesi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Iphondo leNtshona Kapa lisezantsi noko lona ngokwabantu abaphila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza xa lithelekiswa namanye amaphondo nezinye iingingqi zehlabathi.
Kubo bonke abantu ekufunyaniswe ukuba baphila nesifo sephepha okokuqala, isinye ekhulwini kubo siya kuba nesi sifo sephepha singeva machiza, futhi bonke abantu abafunyaniswe bephila nesifo sephepha emva kokuba bebekhe basinyangwa ngaphambili, isine ekhulwini kubo siya kuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza.
uMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo ubeka uMzantsi Afrika kwindawo yethoba kumazwe ehlabathi anelona nani liphakamileyo lokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha minyaka le.
Oku ke kuthetha ukuba izinga lesifo sephepha esingeva machiza lisezantsi kweli Phondo, kusekho inani elivisayo labantu abafunyaniswa bephila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza kweli phondo minyaka le.
Ngokwesiqhelo ziphakathi kwama-450 nama-600 iimeko ezintsha zokuhlaselwa kwabantu sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza apha eNtshona Kapa minyaka le.
Yintoni Unobangela Wokuhlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Isifo sephepha esingeva machiza sibangelwa kukukhula kwamagciwane esifo sepha ekungoku nje engasaluva ulwamvila lwamachiza alwa nesi sifo. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokunganyangwa ngokufanelekileyo okanye ngendlela kwesifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo", mhlawumbi ngokuhlanganiswa kwamachiza angahlanganiyo okanye amachiza afanayo ekunyangeni isifo sephepha "siqhelekileyo" , ukuphelelwa kweeklinikhi ngamachiza, ukungacetyiswa ngendlela kwezigulana zesifo sephepha nako kukhokelela ekubeni izigulana ezi zingawasebenzisi ngendlela amachiza azo onyango (ukungayithobeli imigaqo yonyango) okanye ukungabuyeli eklinikhi ukuya kilanda la machiza onyango (unyango lokuqala).
Ingaba Umntu Angahlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Engazange Wakhe Wanaso Isifo Sephepha "Esiqhelekileyo"?
Ikakhulu isifo sephepha esingeva machiza sivela ngenxa yokuba yokungathotyelwa kwemigaqo yonyango lwesifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo"; kodwa ke kuyenzeka nokuba athi umntu engazange abe naso okanye afumane nyango lwesi sephepha ngaphambili, asuke ahlaselwe ligciwane lesifo sephepha elingeva machiza, ukuba ubekhe wasoloko ekufutshane nomntu ophila nesi sifo.
Nabani na osoloko ekufutshane nomntu ophila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza angasemngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa sesi sifo. Abantu abaninzi abanamajoni omzimba omeleleyo abayi kuhlaselwa sesi sifo, njengoko amajoni emizimba's yabo enokumelana nokulilwa eli gciwane.
Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo" bakwakwelo zinga liphakamileyo wokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza.
Iintsana nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala (kuya kufuneka bafumane unyango ukuze babe nakho ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha ukuba bakufutshane nomntu ophila nesi sifo).
Abantu abakwiingxaki zokusebenzisa kakubi amachiza afana notywala neziyobisi.
Ingaba Kulula Ukuhlaselwa Sisifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Ingaba Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Sosulela kakhulu Kunesifo Sephepha "Esiqhelekileyo"?
Abukho ubungqina obudiza ukuba kulula ukuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza kunokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo.
Isofo sephepha esihlasela imiphunga sisesona sosulela kakhulu kunezihlasela amanye amalungu omzimba, ngenxa eli gciwane lingakhutshelwa ngaphandle komzimba ze lisasazwe njengamathontsana aqhutywa ngumoya.
Ziintoni Iimpawu (Izikhalazo) Zabantu Abaphila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Ukukhohlela kakhulu isithuba sexesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini.
Sifunyaniswa Njani Esi Sifo Sephepha Singeva Machiza?
Xa kubonakala ukuba umntu othile uneempawu zesifo sephepha, okanye kufumaniseka ukuba uphila nomntu ophila onesi sifo, abasebenzi baseklinikhi baya kucela ukuba loo mntu ukuba abaphe iibhotilana ezimbini ezinamathe akhe (ezinesikhohlela esisuka koko kukhohlela), eziya kuthunyelwa kwiziko lophando ukuze zivavanywe ngesixhobo soko. Ngaphezu kwesi mvavanyo ziqhelekileyo ke zenzelwa ukufumanisa isifo sephepha, kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo ezibizwa ngokuba zezenkcubeko nobuzaza, zenziwa kula mathe abantu ekukrokreleka ukuba baphila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa ziingcali ke zithabatha iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine ukufumanisa ubukho beli gciwane lingeva machiza, kwanokufumanisa ukuba leliphi na ichiza eliya kulungela ukulwa neli gciwane. Ngaphezu koko, kwiimeko ezithile, kuya kuthatyathwa imifanekiso yomphakathi wesifuba ukufumanisa umonakalo osele wenzeke kwimiphunga kwanokubeka iliso kwifuthe lonyango ebomini besigulana eso.
Ingaba Abantu Abaphila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Banganyangwa Baphile?
Kunzinyana ukunyanga Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza kunzima kunesifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo kuba kaloku amagciwane esi sifo omelele kunamachiza enzelwe ukulwa nesifo sepepha esiqhelekileyo. Kusetyenziswa amachiza "akwinqanaba lesibini" okulwa nesifo sephepha, machiza lawo angenamandla aneleyo futhi akwanefuthe elibi kumntu owasebenzisayo. Iziphumo nefuthe lamachiza onyango azintlanga njengezo zilwa isifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo - esibulalekayo ngala machiza, esinye sezizathu ke ikukuba kaloku esi sifo singeva machiza sona sihlasela ikakhulu abantu abanemiphunga eyonakele kakhulu nabaphume bengena ixesha elide kumachiza okulwa nesifo sephepha. Xa sifunyaniswe kwangexesha, amathuba okunyangeka aba ngcono. Ngokwesiqhelo, bangaphantsi kwamashumi amahlanu ekhulwini abantu abaya kuthi banyangeke, ze amashumi amathathu ekhulwini asutywe kukufa engekayiqoshelisi inkqubo yonyango lwesi sifo.
Sinyangwa Njani Isifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Izigulana zesifo sephepha esingeva machiza kuya kufuneka zisebenzisa ubuncinci iintlobo ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo zamachiza onyango, kuquka nenaliti encunstwa iinyanga de zibe ne iintsuku zibe ntlanu ngeveki. Ngeli xesha abantu abaninzi abaphila nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza bangeniswa balaliswe ezibhedlele ukuze babe phantsi kweliso elikufutshane labongi kuqinisekiswe nokuba bayayithobela imithetho yonyango kusini na ze kuqwalaselwe nefuthe laloo machiza onyango.
Emva koko ke izigulana kuya kufuneka zithabathe ubuncinci iintlobo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zamachiza onyango kwesinye isithuba seenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukuya kwezilishumi elinesithandathu, iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki.
Ngokoe ke, unyango lwesi sifo lude kunolo "lwesifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo" (oluthabatha phakathi kweenyanga ezintandathu nezisibhozo), nolunokuqhubeka de ibe yiminyaka emibini. Eli xesha lide kangaka lonyango lenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba esi sifo asphindi sibuye emva konyango.
Kungathinteleka Njani Ukosuleleka Sisifo Sephepha (kuquka neso Singeva Machiza)?
Xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla, namphi na umntu ingakumbi abo baphila nesifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo okanye isifo sephepha esingeva machiza kufuneka agqume iimpumlo nomlomo wakhe ngetshefu ngeenjongo zokunqanda ukusasazwa kwegciwane ngumoya. Abantu abaphila nesi sifo kukwafuneka bangawenzi umkhwa wokutshicela nje emoyeni/emhlabeni. Kuyakhuthazwa ukuba kubekho umoya opholileyo owaneleyo kwikhaya ngalinye, abantu bayakhuthazwa ukuba bagcine zonke iifestile neengcango zivulekile. Ukuba kuyakwazeka, licuthe ixesha (oku ke kuquka nokulala kwigumbi elinye ebusuku) olichitha nabantu abaphila nesifo sephepha esiqhelekileyo kwanabo baphila neso singeva machiza okweli xesha amathe abo esenalo igciwane lesi sifo.
Ingaba Umntu Ophila Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza Angaqhubekeka Asebenze, yaye ke ukuba akunjalo, Angayifumana Inkam-nkam Yokukhubazeka?
Xa umntu ophila nesi sifo ewasebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo amachiza onyango naxa uvavanyo olwenziwa kudiza ukuba amathe akhe awasenalo igciwane lesifo sephepha esingeva machiza, umntu lowo angabuyela emsebenzini. Oku kuthabatha ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini zesiqhelo kwisifo sephepha "esiqhelekileyo". Ugqirha nabongi besifo sephepha baya kubeka iliso elibukhali kwisigulana eso ze basazise eso sigulana xa sikulungele ukubuyela emsebenzini. Ukuba emva kovavanyo ugqirha ufumanise ukuba isigulana eso asikakulungeli ukubuyela emsebenzini, isigulana eso singasifaka isicelo senkam-nkam yokukhubazeka.
Ingaba Likho na Ikhonkco Eliqhagamshela Intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo Nesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza?
Ukosuleleka sisifo sepheka kukwaphakamisa amathuba okuhlaselwa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, kuquka nokuphakama kwezinga labantu ababulewe yintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Yiyo ke le nto kubaluleke kakhulu kangaka ukuba isifo sephepha esi sithintelwe ze/okanye zikhangelwe kuselithuba kubantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba nokuba umntu uphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo isifo sephepha esi singanyangwa sinyangeke!
Ingaba umntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye ophila noGawulayo angawasebenzisa na amachiza alwa nesifo sephepha esingeva machiza kwanalawo adodobalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaxesha-nye?
Amachiza onyango lwezi zifo zingentla apha angasetyenziswa ngaxesha-nye. Kufuneka ke kodwa isigulana esiwasebenzisa ngaxesha-nye la machiza sibe phantsi kweliso elibukhali likagqirha onamava.
Kuthethwa Ntoni xa Kuthethwa "Ngogqabhuko" Lwesifo Sephepha-Esingeva Machiza?
Ngokwengcaciso, naluphi na ugqabhuko lwesifo xa kukuvela kweemeko ezininzi kunesiqhelo zokuhlaselwa kwabantu seso sifo. Ezi meko zokuhlaselwa kwabantu kufuneka zihlangane ze loo nto ithethe ukuba kugqabhuke uhlobo oluthile lwesifo, nto leyo ingafaniyo naxa abantu behlaselwa sisifo ngokuqhelekileyo.
Xa Kunokuthi Kubekho Ugqabhuko Lwesifo Sephepha Esingeva Machiza, Kungathintelwa Njani Ukusasazeka kwesi Sifo?
Xa kukrokreleka ukuba umntu ingingqi ethile ihlaselwe sisifo sephepha esingeva machiza, kuye kwenziwe uphando, nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba siyangena kuloo ngingqi sikhangele bonke abantu abanokuba bosulelekile phambi kokuba baye kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo. Oku ke kwenzelwa ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwesi sifo okunokuba wabo bantu bangekafunyaniswa ukuba sele bosulelekile. Kuye ke kwenziwe iimvavanyo zamathe kukhangelwa esi sifo sephepha ze kunikezelwe namachiza onyango afanelekileyo kwiimeko zobukho besi sifo eziqinisekisiweyo.
Kwangelo xesha ke, aba bantu baphila nesi sifo kufuneka besusiwe kuluntu olungekosuleleki de babe bawafumene amachiza onyango futhi abasenakosulela abanye.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.N.122521.122521.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu lunikezela ngolwazi ngokuqeshwa kwabantu abakhubazekileyo kubaqeshi nabaqeshwa.
Imiqobo emininzi efana nokungahoyi eluntwini jikelele, uloyiko neemposiso kubenze abantu abakhubazekileyo bafumana ukuphathwa gadalala luluntu nasemisebenzini. Ngezi zizathu ke abantu abakhubazekileyo baliqela elingananzwanga ngokomthetho iEmployment Equity Act, ka-1998.
uMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi uwuphumezile umgaqo-nkqubo obizwa ngokuba Kukwenza Okulungileyo Ekuqeshweni Kwabantu Abakhubazekileyo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iEmployment Equity Act, ka-1998.
Le Code is isisikhokelo kubaqeshi nabasebenzi ukuze bakhuthaze ukuvezwa kwamathiba alinganayo kwanokuphathwa ngendlela eyiyo kwabantu abakhubazekileyo njengoko usithi thaca lo mthetho.
Le Code ijoliswe ekufundiseni nasekwaziseni abaqeshi nabasebenzi ukuze bawazi amalungelo noxanduva abajongene nalo ekuphakamiseni ukutyhilekelwa kwanokunciphisa iimbambano ukuze abantu abakubazekileyo babe nakho ukonwabela ze basebenzise amalungelo abo kwiindawo zabo zempangelo.
Le Code ikwajoliswe ekuncediseni kwiinzame zokudala ulwazi ngegalelo abantu abakhubazekileyo abanokulenza kwanokukhuthaza aqbaqeshi ukuba bazisebenzise ngokupheleleyo izakhono zabantu abakhubazekileyo.
Ngokwalo Mthetho eyona nto kujoliswe kuyo ziziphumo zokukhubazeka kuloo mntu ngokungqamene nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphezu kokuba ukhubazwa yintoni na okanye kwizinto angenakukwazi ukuzenza.
nto leyo ibabambezelayo ekubeni bangene kwizithuba zempangelo okanye ekubeni bakhule empangelweni.
Abaqeshi kufuneka basebenzise elona cebo lingadli kakhulu empokothweni lokususa imiqobo yokwenza loo msebenzi, kwanokonwabela iinzuzo namathuba alinganayo engqesho.
kwizibonelelo neenzuzo zengqesho.
Abaqeshi kufuneka benze izibhengezo zezithuba zengqesho zifikeleleke kubantu abakhubazekileyo ngokuthi bachaze owona ndoqo kwiimfuno zeso sithuba, bechaza ngokucacileyo izakhono nezona zinto umntu kufuneka ekwazile ukuzenza ze kuthiwe thaca elubala inkqubo yokuchonga.
Iimvavanyo ezneziwayo kufuneka zihambelane neemfuno zalo Mthetho yaye kufuneka zingqamelane naloo msebenzi awuvavanyelwayo loo mfaki-sicelo. Abaqeshi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba iimvavanyo azibakhupheli ngaphandle ngendlela engekho mthethweni imiqathango yaye kufuneka indlela ekwenziwa ngayo izinto ingakhethi cala kwindlela ekuchongwa ngayo, ekuhlolwa nekuchazwa ngayo imigaqo.
Uvavanyo lobume bempilo yomntu kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela emva kokuba umqeshi lowo efumanisile ukuba umfaki-sicelo lowo uyakwazi ukuwenza okanye uyamelana neemfuno zaloo msebenzi yaye emva kokuba ewunikiwe loo msebenzi.
Abantu abakhubazekileyo kufuneka kuthetha-thethwane nabo kwimicimbi yokukhula nokuphuhla kwabo emisebenzini, zithathelwe iingqalelo iimfuno zabo ezizodwa yaye kufuneka bafikelele nakwizixhobob zoqeqesho. Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wabo kwakunye nezibonelelo zokugqwesa emsebenzini kufuneka zibonakalise ngokucacileyo ze zilinganisele indlela abazinikele ngayo kweyona misebenzini yabo.
Abasebenzi abathi bafunyanwe kukukhubazeka ngexesha lomsebenzi kufuneka, apho kukwazekayo, babuyiselwe emisebenzini. Ukuba kuya kuba ngcono ngolo hlobo, abaqeshi kufuneka bazame iqhinga lokubanika aba basebenzi eminye imisebenzi enokubafanela, umsebenzi oncitshisiweyo okanye bafakwe kwiindawo abaza kusebenza kuzo ngokukhululeka nalula, ukuze abasebenzi aba bangazifumani benyanzelekile okanye bekhokelelwa ekubeni bayiyeke imisebenzi yabo.
Xa abasebenzi bethi bakhubazeke ngenxa yezigulo okanye ukwenza okunento yokwenza nomsebenzi abawenzayo, umqeshi kufuneka amncedise umsebenzi lowo ufumane uncedo aludingayo ngokweemfuno zomthetho iCompensation for Occupational Injures and Diseases Act kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo ze afumane neenzuzo ezimfaneleyo ngokweemfuno zomthetho i-Unemployment Insurance Act.
Abaqeashi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba ulwazi neenkcukacha ngokukhubazeka ezinikezelwe ngumsebenzi okanye umfaki-sicelo kwisithuba sengqesho zihlala ziyimfihlelo. Kufuneka umqeshi lowo aqinisaekise ukuba konke oku kwenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu ukuze ezo nkcukacha ziyimfihlelo zihlale zinjalo yaye zahluke kwezinye nje ezingeyomfihlelo.
Abaqeshi abavumelekanga ukuba badize naluphi na ulwazi olunento yokwenza nokukhubazeka komsebenzi ngaphandle kwemvume yaloo msebenzi ebhalwe phantsi, ngaphandle kokuba bayalelwa ngumthetho ukuze benze oko.
Abaqeshi abanikezela okanye abenza amalungiselelo okukhusela abasebenzi kwiingozi zengqesho okanye izicwangciso zezinye nje izibonelelo kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba ezo zibonelelo azibenzi abo basebenzi bazive bengafani nabanye abantu, ngendlela ethe ngqo okanye egwegwelezayo.
Ukuba abantu abakhubazekileyo abamelwanga ngokulingana nabanye abantu kuwo onke amanqanaba namabakala engqesho, umqeshi lowo kufuneka acele umkhomba-ndlela kwimibutho emela iimfuno zabantu abakhubazekileyo okanye iingcali kwelo candelo, umzekelo, inkonzo yokunuyiselwa kwengqondo yomntu emsebenzini nonyango lwezigulo zasemsebenzini ukuze abantu abakhubazekileyo bakwazi ukumelana neemfuno zale misebenzi.
Abaqeshi, imibutho yabaqeshi ndawonye neemanyano zabasebenzi kufuneka ziwufake lo Mkhomba-ndlela ekufakeni abasebenzi, ekufundiseni nakwiinkqubo zoqeqesho lwabasebenzi.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha, zihlanganise nomthetho iEmployment Equity Act, ka-1998 ndawonye ne-noMkhomba-ndlela Wokwenza Okulungileyo Ekuqeshweni Kwabantu Abakhubazekileyo kwiwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi kule dilesi www.labour.gov.za okanye ke uqhagamshelane neCCMA kule nombolo yayo yoncedo 0861 161616 okanye eyona ofisi ikufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.S.122538.122538.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana linikezela ngeenkcukacha Ngezifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo, yaye liquka nomawukulindele kumsebenzi wecandelo lononophelo lwempilo nemiba yokuba semngciphekweni.
Khuthaza iqabane/amaqabane akho ukuba aye kufumana unyango eklinikhi njengoko usenokuphinda wosuleleke futhi kufuneka uphinde wanyangwa.
Ziintoni Ezi Zifo Zingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo?
Ndingazazi Njani Ukuba Ndinesifo Esingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo?
Ukuba uzikrokrelela ekubeni unesifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo, umsebenzi wononophelo lwempilo uya kwenza oku kulandelayo...
ukukwazi nokubona iimpawu nobungqina bobukho bezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ukubaluleka kokuya kuzifunela unyango lwezi zifo zingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ulwazi ngobukho bonyango olufumaneka simahla nolusemgangathweni kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo aseburhulumenteni ulwazi ngokufikeleleka kweentsilathi zamadoda ezifumaneka simahla nezikumgangatho ophakamileyo kwiiklinikhi nezibhedlele zaseburhulumenteni kwanakwezinye nje iindawo ezingaqhelekanga ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu owabelana naye ngesondo naye uyalufumana unyango.
Izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo zizifo ezibangelwa ngamagciwane asuka kwelinye iqabane aye kwelinye ngexesha la maqabane esabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga.
Ukuthunyelwa kumanye amaziko onyango njengoko kuchaziwe ucwangciso-ntsapho, unonophelo lwangaphambi kokuzalwa kosana, inkqubo yokuthintela ukosulelwa kosana ngunina, isifo sephepha, unyango nononophelo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo njalo-njalo.
Ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha zezigulana (iinkcukacha zezigulana, ukugcinwa nokukhutshwa kweenkcukacha-manani zamihla le).
Ukuba impendulo yakho ibe ngu-ewe kuwo nawuphi na omnye wemibuza engentla apha, kufuneka uye kweyona klinikhi ikufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane kuhlolwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.S.3520.3520.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli ke liphetshana Elinikezela Ingcaciso Ngomhlaza Wesibeleko Kubasebenzi Bononophelo Lwempilo.
Iphetshana elenzelwe abasebenzi becandelo lononophelo lwempilo ngobuzaza bomhlaza wesibeleko, indlela ogqugqisa ngayo, ubudala bamanina akowona mngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sesi sifo nokuba kungenziwa ntoni na ngaso.
Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lolona hlobo lomhlaza lixhaphakileyo kumanina aseMzantsi Afrika.
Umntu ngamnye kumanina angama-41 eMzantsi Afrika uya kuthi ahlaselwe sesi sifo ekuphileni kwakhe.
Umhlaza wesibeleko uthinteleka ngokuthi kuhlolwe isibeleko kukhangelwa ukuba asikho mngciphekweni wakuhlaseleka na, hlolo olo lunokukhangela izinto ezingaqhelekanga nezidla ngokubakho xa umntu eza kuhlaselwa sisifo somhlaza, esaziwa ngokuba sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kwisibeleko nesele sisaziwa njengesilonda esingaphakathi kwisibeleko ngaphakathi.
Iinkqubo zeemvavanyo ezijoliswe kubemi bamazwe ngamazwe kwihlabathi lonke jikelele zibonakalise ukwehla kweemeko ezintsha zokuhlaselwa kwamanina ngumhlaza wesibeleko, nakwiimeko apho ezi nkqubo zingakhange zigqibelele ngokomgangatho.
Abantu basetyhini abasebatsha badla ngokuba neSIL ekumgangatho ophantsi. Uninzi lwala makhwiniba azibyela kwisimo sesiqhelo kwangokwawo. Abantu basetyhini abasele bekhulile abanala makhwiniba, noxa kunjalo, anethuba elikhulu lokukhula abe sisifo somhlaza.
Kuthatha malunga neshumi ukuya kumashumi amabini eminyaka ukukhula kwala maqalela esi sifo de abe sisifo somhlaza wesibeleko esigqibeleleyo.
Amanina abudala bungama-30 eminyaka nangaphezulu kufuneka afumane ezi mvavanyo zomhlaza wesibeleko kathathu . Ezi mvavanyo ke kufuneka zishiyane ngeshumi leminyaka. Ezi mvavanyo ezifana nezi zixelwe ngentla apha njengoko besele zichazwe njengezicutha ukubulawa sesi sifo ngamashumi amathandathu anesixhenxe ekhulwini yaye zithatyathwa njengeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu empokothweni yokulwa nesifo somhlaza wesibeleko apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini uneempawu ezithile okanye ukhe wenziwa uvavanyo olungakhange lufane nezinye mhlawumbi ngenxa yeempawu abe nazo okanye mhlawumbi kukho izikhokelo ezivela eklinikhi, umntu lowo angazifumana iimvavanyo ezisimahla sesifo somhlaza wesibeleko ngaphezu kwezo zintathu azifumanayo.
Ukuba umntu othile wasetyhini ufuna iimvavanyo zesi sifo ezingaphezu kwesithathu asifumana simahla, kuya kufuneka azihlawulele ngokwakhe ezo azo zongezelelwayo.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini lowo unama-55 nangaphezulu eminyaka ubudala ngexesha afumana uvavanyo lwakhe lokuqala lwesifo somhlaza wesibeleko, yaye uvavanyo olo alunamakhwiniba, akufuneki kuphindwe kwenziwe zimvavanyo kuye.
Ukufundiswa koluntu ekuhlaleni ngokubaluleka kweemvavanyo zesifo somhlaza wesibeleko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.U.3420.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le ncwadana iqulethe izizathu zokuzivavanya amabele rhoqo.
Ukuzivavanya amabele kungasindisa ibele lakho ze kusindise nobomi bakho. Amathumba amaninzi amabele afunyaniswa ngabantu ababhinqileyo ngokwabo. Noko kunjalo, amathumba amaninzi afunyanwa ebeleni awangomhlaza. Khuseleka, qiniseka.
Awona maxesha akulungeleyo oku kuzivavanya kuxa kanye usandula ukuphuma exesheni, xa amabele akho engathambanga okanye engadumbanga. Ukuba akuyi rhoqo exesheni okanye mhlawumbi ngamanye amaxesha inyanga iyadlula ungakhange uye exesheni, zivavanye ngosuku oluthile olufanayo nyanga zonke.
Lala phantsi ze ubeke umqamelo ngaphantsi kwegxalaba lakho lasekunene. Beka ingalo yakho emva kwentloko yakho.
Sebenzisa umphambili weminwe yakho ephakathi yesandla sakho sasekhohlo ukuze ube nokuweva amaqhuma okanye iindawo eziqinileyo. Le miphakathi yeminwe yakho ke zezi ndawo ziphezulu apha emnweni, ngaphantsi kozipho lomnwe ngamnye.
Cinezela kakhulu de uve ukuba kukho nto ingaqhelekanga na ebeleni lakho. Ukuba akuqinisekanga ukuba mawucinezele kakhulu kangakanani, cela ugqirha okanye usomachiza wakho. Okanye ke uzame ukukopa indlela ugqirha okanye usomachiza wakho ayisebenzisa ngayo eyakhe iminwe xa azama ukufumanisa umhlaza wamabele. Zama ukufumanisa ukuba ibele lakho livakala njani na amaxesha amaninzi. Ukucinezela kakhulu kwisivongqo esisezantsi sebele ngalinye yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo.
Hamba-hamba ngomnwe ucinezela ibele ngalinye ngendlela ethile. Ungakhetha ukulijikeleza (A), ukuthi uphezulu ube usezantsi kwibele ngalinye (B), okanye ke ukuqala kancinci uye uqinisa apha ekucinezeleni ndawo zonke apha ebeleni (C). Yenza oku ke ngendlela efanayo maxesha onke. Loo nto iya kukunceda uqinisekise ukuba ulicofa-cofe lonke ibele lakho, kwanokukhumbula ukuba liva njani na ibele lakho xa usenza oku.
Ngoku ke vavanya ibele lakho lasekhohlo usebenzisa imiphambili yeminwe yesandla sasekunene.
Ukuba uthi ufumanise naziphi na iinguqu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Kukwafuneka udlale ngamabele akho umi phambi kwesipili emva nje kokwenza olu vavanyo kumabele akho nyanga nganye. Khangela ke ukuba kukho nguqu zikhoyo na ngokwendlela amabele akho akhangeleka ngayo, nguqu ezo zifana: nokushwabana kolusu, iinguqu kwingono, okanye ububomvu okanye ukudumba. Usenokufuna futhi ukuzivavanya amabele ngelixa usahlambayo. Izandla zakho ezinesepha ziya kutyibilika kolo lusu lumanzi, nto leyo iya kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa ukuba amabele akho anjani na.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.V.116621.116621.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabantu abahlala kwiindaw abaziqeshileyo nabaqeshe iindawo zokuhlala kubanini-mihlaba okanye kwabo basebenzela abo banini-mihlaba.
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndityikitye Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Nomnini-mhlaba?
Ingaba Zeziphi Iinkcukacha Ekufuneka Zikwesi Sivumelwano Sokuhlala Sibhaliweyo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndihlawule Idipozithi?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Kwidipozithi Yam Ngelixa Ndisahlala Kule Ndawo?
Ingaba Yontoni Ekufuneka Eyenzile Umnini-mhlaba Ukugcina Indaw Yakhe Isemgangathweni?
Ingaba Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukuba Umnini-mhlaba Wala Ukulungisa Izinto Abethembise Ukuzilungisa?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angangena Kule Ndaw Ndihlala Kuyo Ngaphandle Kokufumana Imvume Kum?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angasuke Anyuse Imali Yerente Xa Efuna?
Ingaba Angayishusa Ngamalini Irente Umnini-mhlaba Xa Ndihlaziya Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam?
Ndingenza Ntoni Ukuba Umnini-mhlaba Uthi Andiyihlawulanga Irente Ndibe Ndiyihlawule?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angayithimba Impahla Yam Xa Ndisilela Ekuhlawuleni Irente?
Ndingasaphula Njani Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Ngaphambi Kwexesha Ebesivumelene Ngalo?
Isivimelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Siphele Kwezi Nyanga Zimbalwa Zidlulileyo. Kufuneka Ndinikezele Isaziso Sexesha Elingakanani Phambi Kokuba Ndiphume?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Anganditshixela Ngaphandle?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angala Ukundibuyisela Idipozithi Yam?
Yeyiphi Imithetho Elawula Izivumelwano Zokuqeshiswa Kwezakhiwo?
Ngubani Onokundinceda Xa Ndinengxaki Nomnini-mhlaba Endinxuse Kuye?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isikhalazo Kwinkundla Ejongana Nezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Ndingaqhagamshelana Njani neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela ngokufanayo neso sibhalwe phantsi. Noko kunjaloke noko, ukuba kudingeka isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi ukuze ube nokuhlala kuloo ndawo ze wale ukusityikitya, akukho sivumelwano apho yaye akunakho ukungena uhlale kuloo ndawo ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuba ubukhe wahlala kwindaw oyiqeshayo ixesha elithile ngesivumelwano esithethwe ngomlomo ze emva koko umnini-mhlaba low akucele ukuba utyikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala esibhaliweyo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba usityikitye eso sibhambathiso xa sinemiqathango eyahlukileyo kuleyo beniyenze ngomlomo. Umnini-mhlaba lowo yena kufuneka athetha-thethane nawe ngaloo miqathango mitsha, aqiniseke ngesivumelwano sakho kuqala.
Ukhumbule ke ukuba kuba ngcono nangakumbi kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale phantsi isivumelwano sesibhambathiso senu, nibeke elubala imiqathango yeso sivumelwano. Oku kuya kudlala indima enkulu kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuvela phakathi kwenu ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomnini-mhlaba umzekelo, ngubani onoxanduva lokulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, amatyala ombane nawokuthuthwa kwenkukuma?
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo, ezityikitywe nini nobabini, kufuneka ihlanganiswe nesivumelwano sesibhambathiso sokuhlala.
Uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo, olwakhiwe nini nobabini xa benihlola ekungeneni kwakho nolutyikitywe nini nobabini, kufuneka luluhlanganiswe nesivumelwano eso.
Ewe, ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyayifuna yaye ikhankanyiwe kwisivumelwano sokuhlala. Ukuba imiqathango yesivumelwano senu sokuqala, nokuba benisenze ngomlomo okanye ngembalelwano, ayikhankanye idipozithi, akufunekanga ke uyihlawule ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi ekuhambeni kwexesha akucele ukuba uyihlawule. Iinguqu kwisivumelwano zingasebenza kuphela xa wena nomnini-mhlaba nivumelana koko.
Umnini-mhlaba okanye ke umntu/inkampani esebenza egameni lakhe kufuneka agcine idipozithi yakho kwi-akhawunti eza kukunika inzala (okanye ke kwi-akhawunti yombutho, xa iyinkampani esebenzela umnini-mhlaba) ngalo lonke ixesha usebenzisa indaw yabo. Idipozithi yakho epheleleyo, ndawonye kwakunye nenzala efumanekileyo, kufuneka ibuyiselwe kuwe xa uphuma kuloo ndawo gaphandle kweendleko zezinto ekufuneka uzihlawule kuba uzonakalisile ngeli xesha uhlala apho kwakunye nazo zonke iimali ekufuneka uzinike umnini-mhlaba ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano enasityikityayo.
Kuxhomekeka ke ekubeni sithini na isibhambathiso sesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho apho. Ngokwesiqhelo, umnini-mhlaba ugcina ze alungise umphandle wesi sakhiwo ze umhlali lowo uqeshileyo yena abe noxanduva lokujongana nomphakathi.
Faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Umnini-mhlaba unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo asihlole njalo-njalo, kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba ekwazise kwangexesha ukuze nivumelane ngexesha elikulungeleyo nawe. Akunalo wena ilungelo lokumvimba ilungelo lakhe lokungena kule ndlu ngamaxesha nezizathu ezifanelekileyo.
Hayi, isivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho apho okanye isivumelwano enasenza ngomlomo siso esidiza ukuba irente le iya kwenyuswa nini, ngamalini na. No, the lease or verbal agreement determines when, and by how much, your rent can be increased. Ukuba isivumelwano esi asichazi ukuba irente le iya kwenyuswa ngamalini okanye nini na, umnini-mhlaba kuya kufuneka athetha-thethane nawe ngalo mba. Akukho mntu, wena okanye umnini-mhlaba, unokwenza iinguqu kwisivumelwano senu sokuqala ngaphandle kokuqala azise omnye kuqala.
Oku ke kunento yokwenza kakhulu nokuhlaziywa kwesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho kweso sakhiwo. Ukuba isivumelwano eso asiyichazi ngokucacileyo indaba yokwenyuswa kwerente, umnini-mhlaba lowo kufuneka atheha-thethane nawe ngesixa serente esamkelekileyo.
Kuluxanduva lwakhjo ke ukuqinisekisa ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyayifumana irente leyo, ngoko ke kuba semagxeni akho ukunikezela ngobungqina bokuba ngokwenene uhlawule (umzekelo, iphetshana lasebhankini eliqinisekisa oko). Ukuba akukwazi, umnini-mhlaba uya kuba nakho ukukunika isaziso ngokweimiqathango yesivumelwano senu ke phofu ze acele nomyalelo wenkundla ogunyazisa ukuba ukhutshwe kweso sakhiwo.
Kulilungelo lakho, ngokwemigaq yomthetho iRental Housing Act (Act 50 ka-1999), ukunyanzelisa ukufumana isiqinisekiso sazo zonke iintlawulo okhe wazenza ukuba umnini-mhlaba lowo akakuniki.
Ixesha eyenzelwa lona le ntlawulo (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwayo). Ukuba umnini-mhlaba low uyala ukukunika isiqinisekiso sentlawulo yakho, faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Kuya kufuneka afumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. Ze emva koko ke uMthunywa weNkundla abe nokuthimba impahla yakho ukuze kufumaneke imali le uyityalayo. Ukuba umnini-mpahla uthi athimbe impahla yakho ngaphandle komyalelo wenkundla, oko kuthatyathwa njengobusela yaye kuya kufuneka uhlangane namapolisa oMzantsi Afrika ze ufake nesikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Kuxhomekeke ebukhweni kumhlathi othetha ngokurhoxiswa kwesi sivumelwano. Ukuba akukho mhlathi unjalo eyona ndlela yokurhoxisa isibhambathiso sokuhlala ngaphandle kokwaphula izigqibo kuxa umnini-mhlaba evuma ukuba ungasophula okanye ukuba naye usophule (umzekelo, ngokungaphumeleli ukulungisa umphandle wesi sakhiwo, ngokwezigqibo ezikwisibhambathiso, yaye ke oku kukwenza wena ungabi nakho ukuhlala kwesi sakhiwo. Kodwa ke kuya kufuneka unike ubungqina boku).
Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyifezekisile yonke imiqathango yesi sivumelwano, usenakho nalapho ukusiphelisa ngaphambi kwexesha enanivumelene ngaso esi sivumelwano kodwa ke uya kube wophula izigqibo. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba umnini-mhlaba anganyanzelisa ukuba umhlawule imali yonke imali eseleyo yexesha lesi sivumelwano, yaye ungaphulukana nedipozithi yakho.
Thetha nomnini-mhlabaa low phambi kokuba wenze nayiphi na intshukumo: kuba kaloku abaninzi bangakuvumela uqeshise omnye umntu kwalapho okanye bakuvumele urhoxise isivumelwano sokuhlala ngaphambi kwexesha lesivumelwano - xa uthe wamnika umntu nook ixesha elaneleyo lokukhangela omnye umntu okanye xa uthe wafumana omnye umntu onamelana nayo yonke imiqathango yeso sibhambathiso. Ukuba umnini-mhlaba low uthi avume ukuba urhoxise eso sivumelwano ngaphambi kwexesha, qiniseka ke ukuba ukutsho oko ngembalelwano, apho akhankanya imiqathango yokophulwa kweso sigqibo.
Jonga isivumelwano sakho sangaphambili ukhangele umhlathi othetha ngomba wokuhlaziywa kwaso okhankanya ukuba kufuneka unikezele ixesha elingakanani lesaziso kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba awukho umhlathi othetha ngokuhlaziywa kwesivumelwano, nina nobabini ke, ngokweentshukumo nezenzo zenu, nisihlaziyile isivumelwano sokuqala enanivumelene ngaso, kwangemiqathango efanayo, kwangexesha elifanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba uya kuvuselela umhlathi othetha ngokurhoxa kwisivumelwano wesivumelwano esingaphambili, ukuba besikho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kweso sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle komhlathi ojongana nokurhoxa, eyona ndlela yokuphuma kwesi sibhambathiso bekuya kuba kukunika umnini-mhlaba isaziso senyanga, ngembalelwano, phambi kokuphela kwesibhambathiso eso. Ngoko ke ukuba ubusele ufikelela ekupheleni kwesibhambathiso seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekufuneka wazise umnini-mhlaba lowo, ngembalelwanon ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye.
Hayi. Umnini-mhlaba kufuneka akunike isitshixo sesibini ngoko nangoko ukuba uthi atshintshe iingcango ngenxa yokonakala okanye ke ngenxa yesinye nje isizathu esibambekayo.
Idipozithi le yenzelwe ukujongana nezo ziphene kanye, yaye nayiphi na imali oyityala umnini-mhlaba lowo ngenxa yezinto ezonakeleyo kuloo ndlu, ezigqithayo kuloo mali unayo.
Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi ayigcine idipozithi yakho ze angabi nakukunika ubungqina beendleko athe wamelana nazo, kuya kufuneka uye kufaka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Xa ungena, hlola le ndawo kunye nomnini-mhlaba ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na iziphene enithi nihlangane nazo. Nobabini wena nomnini-mhlaba kufuneka nilutyikitye olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luhlanganiswe nesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho.
Xa uphuma, phindani nihlole indawo leyo kunye. Thelekisa uluhlu olutsha lweziphene nolo lwalwenziwe ngaphambili.
Ungalinikwa ithuba lokulungisa iziphene ezo, okanye nifikelele kwisigqibo sokuba umnini-mhlaba akwenze oko. Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi alungise ezo ziphene, unelungelo lokubona zonke iziqinisekiso zezinto azithengileyo nazenzileyo kuloo dipozithi yakho.
IUkuba iziphene ezo zibiza ngaphantsi kwedipozithi, obunayo apho, nenzala yayo, umnini-mhlaba low kuya kufuneka akunike intsalela.
Qhagamshelana neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeashisayo uukba unengxaki.
yiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo elifumaneka kule website ze ulingenise ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuqesha indaw yokuhlala kwakunye nemeko yokuqesha yahlukene. Ukuba unesikrokr sokuba umnini-mhlaba wendawo oyiqeshileyo ikho into engekho mthethweni ayenzayo, hlangana neNkundla yaseNtshona Koloni Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke uhlangane negqwetha ukuze likunike iingcebiso zomthetho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.V.116621.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabantu abahlala kwiindaw abaziqeshileyo nabaqeshe iindawo zokuhlala kubanini-mihlaba okanye kwabo basebenzela abo banini-mihlaba.
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndityikitye Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Nomnini-mhlaba?
Ingaba Zeziphi Iinkcukacha Ekufuneka Zikwesi Sivumelwano Sokuhlala Sibhaliweyo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndihlawule Idipozithi?
Ingaba Yontoni Ekufuneka Eyenzile Umnini-mhlaba Ukugcina Indaw Yakhe Isemgangathweni?
Ingaba Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukuba Umnini-mhlaba Wala Ukulungisa Izinto Abethembise Ukuzilungisa?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angangena Kule Ndaw Ndihlala Kuyo Ngaphandle Kokufumana Imvume Kum?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angasuke Anyuse Imali Yerente Xa Efuna?
Ingaba Angayishusa Ngamalini Irente Umnini-mhlaba Xa Ndihlaziya Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam?
Ndingenza Ntoni Ukuba Umnini-mhlaba Uthi Andiyihlawulanga Irente Ndibe Ndiyihlawule?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angayithimba Impahla Yam Xa Ndisilela Ekuhlawuleni Irente?
Ndingasaphula Njani Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Ngaphambi Kwexesha Ebesivumelene Ngalo?
Isivimelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Siphele Kwezi Nyanga Zimbalwa Zidlulileyo. Kufuneka Ndinikezele Isaziso Sexesha Elingakanani Phambi Kokuba Ndiphume?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Anganditshixela Ngaphandle?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angala Ukundibuyisela Idipozithi Yam?
Yeyiphi Imithetho Elawula Izivumelwano Zokuqeshiswa Kwezakhiwo?
Ngubani Onokundinceda Xa Ndinengxaki Nomnini-mhlaba Endinxuse Kuye?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isikhalazo Kwinkundla Ejongana Nezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Ndingaqhagamshelana Njani neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela ngokufanayo neso sibhalwe phantsi. Noko kunjaloke noko, ukuba kudingeka isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi ukuze ube nokuhlala kuloo ndawo ze wale ukusityikitya, akukho sivumelwano apho yaye akunakho ukungena uhlale kuloo ndawo ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuba ubukhe wahlala kwindaw oyiqeshayo ixesha elithile ngesivumelwano esithethwe ngomlomo ze emva koko umnini-mhlaba low akucele ukuba utyikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala esibhaliweyo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba usityikitye eso sibhambathiso xa sinemiqathango eyahlukileyo kuleyo beniyenze ngomlomo. Umnini-mhlaba lowo yena kufuneka athetha-thethane nawe ngaloo miqathango mitsha, aqiniseke ngesivumelwano sakho kuqala.
Ukhumbule ke ukuba kuba ngcono nangakumbi kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale phantsi isivumelwano sesibhambathiso senu, nibeke elubala imiqathango yeso sivumelwano. Oku kuya kudlala indima enkulu kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuvela phakathi kwenu ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomnini-mhlaba umzekelo, ngubani onoxanduva lokulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, amatyala ombane nawokuthuthwa kwenkukuma?
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo, ezityikitywe nini nobabini, kufuneka ihlanganiswe nesivumelwano sesibhambathiso sokuhlala.
Uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo, olwakhiwe nini nobabini xa benihlola ekungeneni kwakho nolutyikitywe nini nobabini, kufuneka luluhlanganiswe nesivumelwano eso.
Ewe, ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyayifuna yaye ikhankanyiwe kwisivumelwano sokuhlala. Ukuba imiqathango yesivumelwano senu sokuqala, nokuba benisenze ngomlomo okanye ngembalelwano, ayikhankanye idipozithi, akufunekanga ke uyihlawule ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi ekuhambeni kwexesha akucele ukuba uyihlawule. Iinguqu kwisivumelwano zingasebenza kuphela xa wena nomnini-mhlaba nivumelana koko.
Umnini-mhlaba okanye ke umntu/inkampani esebenza egameni lakhe kufuneka agcine idipozithi yakho kwi-akhawunti eza kukunika inzala (okanye ke kwi-akhawunti yombutho, xa iyinkampani esebenzela umnini-mhlaba) ngalo lonke ixesha usebenzisa indaw yabo. Idipozithi yakho epheleleyo, ndawonye kwakunye nenzala efumanekileyo, kufuneka ibuyiselwe kuwe xa uphuma kuloo ndawo gaphandle kweendleko zezinto ekufuneka uzihlawule kuba uzonakalisile ngeli xesha uhlala apho kwakunye nazo zonke iimali ekufuneka uzinike umnini-mhlaba ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano enasityikityayo.
Kuxhomekeka ke ekubeni sithini na isibhambathiso sesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho apho. Ngokwesiqhelo, umnini-mhlaba ugcina ze alungise umphandle wesi sakhiwo ze umhlali lowo uqeshileyo yena abe noxanduva lokujongana nomphakathi.
Faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Umnini-mhlaba unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo asihlole njalo-njalo, kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba ekwazise kwangexesha ukuze nivumelane ngexesha elikulungeleyo nawe. Akunalo wena ilungelo lokumvimba ilungelo lakhe lokungena kule ndlu ngamaxesha nezizathu ezifanelekileyo.
Oku ke kunento yokwenza kakhulu nokuhlaziywa kwesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho kweso sakhiwo. Ukuba isivumelwano eso asiyichazi ngokucacileyo indaba yokwenyuswa kwerente, umnini-mhlaba lowo kufuneka atheha-thethane nawe ngesixa serente esamkelekileyo.
Kuluxanduva lwakhjo ke ukuqinisekisa ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyayifumana irente leyo, ngoko ke kuba semagxeni akho ukunikezela ngobungqina bokuba ngokwenene uhlawule (umzekelo, iphetshana lasebhankini eliqinisekisa oko). Ukuba akukwazi, umnini-mhlaba uya kuba nakho ukukunika isaziso ngokweimiqathango yesivumelwano senu ke phofu ze acele nomyalelo wenkundla ogunyazisa ukuba ukhutshwe kweso sakhiwo.
Kulilungelo lakho, ngokwemigaq yomthetho iRental Housing Act (Act 50 ka-1999), ukunyanzelisa ukufumana isiqinisekiso sazo zonke iintlawulo okhe wazenza ukuba umnini-mhlaba lowo akakuniki.
Ixesha eyenzelwa lona le ntlawulo (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwayo). Ukuba umnini-mhlaba low uyala ukukunika isiqinisekiso sentlawulo yakho, faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Kuya kufuneka afumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. Ze emva koko ke uMthunywa weNkundla abe nokuthimba impahla yakho ukuze kufumaneke imali le uyityalayo. Ukuba umnini-mpahla uthi athimbe impahla yakho ngaphandle komyalelo wenkundla, oko kuthatyathwa njengobusela yaye kuya kufuneka uhlangane namapolisa oMzantsi Afrika ze ufake nesikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Kuxhomekeke ebukhweni kumhlathi othetha ngokurhoxiswa kwesi sivumelwano. Ukuba akukho mhlathi unjalo eyona ndlela yokurhoxisa isibhambathiso sokuhlala ngaphandle kokwaphula izigqibo kuxa umnini-mhlaba evuma ukuba ungasophula okanye ukuba naye usophule (umzekelo, ngokungaphumeleli ukulungisa umphandle wesi sakhiwo, ngokwezigqibo ezikwisibhambathiso, yaye ke oku kukwenza wena ungabi nakho ukuhlala kwesi sakhiwo. Kodwa ke kuya kufuneka unike ubungqina boku).
Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyifezekisile yonke imiqathango yesi sivumelwano, usenakho nalapho ukusiphelisa ngaphambi kwexesha enanivumelene ngaso esi sivumelwano kodwa ke uya kube wophula izigqibo. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba umnini-mhlaba anganyanzelisa ukuba umhlawule imali yonke imali eseleyo yexesha lesi sivumelwano, yaye ungaphulukana nedipozithi yakho.
Thetha nomnini-mhlabaa low phambi kokuba wenze nayiphi na intshukumo: kuba kaloku abaninzi bangakuvumela uqeshise omnye umntu kwalapho okanye bakuvumele urhoxise isivumelwano sokuhlala ngaphambi kwexesha lesivumelwano - xa uthe wamnika umntu nook ixesha elaneleyo lokukhangela omnye umntu okanye xa uthe wafumana omnye umntu onamelana nayo yonke imiqathango yeso sibhambathiso. Ukuba umnini-mhlaba low uthi avume ukuba urhoxise eso sivumelwano ngaphambi kwexesha, qiniseka ke ukuba ukutsho oko ngembalelwano, apho akhankanya imiqathango yokophulwa kweso sigqibo.
Jonga isivumelwano sakho sangaphambili ukhangele umhlathi othetha ngomba wokuhlaziywa kwaso okhankanya ukuba kufuneka unikezele ixesha elingakanani lesaziso kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba awukho umhlathi othetha ngokuhlaziywa kwesivumelwano, nina nobabini ke, ngokweentshukumo nezenzo zenu, nisihlaziyile isivumelwano sokuqala enanivumelene ngaso, kwangemiqathango efanayo, kwangexesha elifanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba uya kuvuselela umhlathi othetha ngokurhoxa kwisivumelwano wesivumelwano esingaphambili, ukuba besikho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kweso sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle komhlathi ojongana nokurhoxa, eyona ndlela yokuphuma kwesi sibhambathiso bekuya kuba kukunika umnini-mhlaba isaziso senyanga, ngembalelwano, phambi kokuphela kwesibhambathiso eso. Ngoko ke ukuba ubusele ufikelela ekupheleni kwesibhambathiso seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekufuneka wazise umnini-mhlaba lowo, ngembalelwanon ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye.
Hayi. Umnini-mhlaba kufuneka akunike isitshixo sesibini ngoko nangoko ukuba uthi atshintshe iingcango ngenxa yokonakala okanye ke ngenxa yesinye nje isizathu esibambekayo.
Idipozithi le yenzelwe ukujongana nezo ziphene kanye, yaye nayiphi na imali oyityala umnini-mhlaba lowo ngenxa yezinto ezonakeleyo kuloo ndlu, ezigqithayo kuloo mali unayo.
Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi ayigcine idipozithi yakho ze angabi nakukunika ubungqina beendleko athe wamelana nazo, kuya kufuneka uye kufaka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Xa ungena, hlola le ndawo kunye nomnini-mhlaba ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na iziphene enithi nihlangane nazo. Nobabini wena nomnini-mhlaba kufuneka nilutyikitye olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luhlanganiswe nesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho.
Xa uphuma, phindani nihlole indawo leyo kunye. Thelekisa uluhlu olutsha lweziphene nolo lwalwenziwe ngaphambili.
Ungalinikwa ithuba lokulungisa iziphene ezo, okanye nifikelele kwisigqibo sokuba umnini-mhlaba akwenze oko. Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi alungise ezo ziphene, unelungelo lokubona zonke iziqinisekiso zezinto azithengileyo nazenzileyo kuloo dipozithi yakho.
IUkuba iziphene ezo zibiza ngaphantsi kwedipozithi, obunayo apho, nenzala yayo, umnini-mhlaba low kuya kufuneka akunike intsalela.
yiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo elifumaneka kule website ze ulingenise ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuqesha indaw yokuhlala kwakunye nemeko yokuqesha yahlukene. Ukuba unesikrokr sokuba umnini-mhlaba wendawo oyiqeshileyo ikho into engekho mthethweni ayenzayo, hlangana neNkundla yaseNtshona Koloni Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke uhlangane negqwetha ukuze likunike iingcebiso zomthetho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.V.116633.116633.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ke ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabanini-mihlaba abaqeshisa ngezakhiwo ukuze kuhlale abanye abantu.
Ingaba kufuneka ndityikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala nomntu oqeshe umhlaba wam ukuze ahlale?
Zeziphi iinkcukacha ekufuneka zibekho kwisivumelwano sokuqeshisa ngendawo yokuhlala?
Ndingayijonga njani imvelaphi yomntu ofake isicelo sokuhlala endaweni yam?
Ingaba kufuneka ndifune idipozithi?
Zeziphi izilungiso ekufuneka ezenzile umhlali lo?
Ndingayenyusa na irente phakathi kwixesha lesivumelwano sokuhlala?
Ndingayenyusa ngamalini irente xa ndihlaziya isivumelwano sokuhlala?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshise kwindawo yam engayihlawuli ngexesha irente?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshileyo esithi uyihlawule irente kodwa ndibe mna ndingekayifumani?
Ingaba ndingayithimba impahla yomqeshi ukuba usemva ngerente?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala salo mntu ndimqeshisileyo siphele kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo. Ingaba kufuneka ndimazise kwisithuba sexesha elingakanani, xa ndifuna aphume?
Ndingamkhupha njani umntu oqeshe endaweni yam?
Ingaba ndingayifaka impahla ngaphandle kwemvume yomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ingaba ndingazitshintsha izitshixo ze nditshixele umntu oqeshe kum ngaphandle?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa abamelwane bekhalaza ngomntu oqeshe indawo yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa ndirhanela ukuba umntu oqeshe kum ubandakanyeka kwiintyshukumo ezingekho mthethweni endaweni yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshe kum eyonakalisile indawo yam?
Yeyiphi imithetho elawula izivumelwano zokuqeshisa?
Ngubani onokundinceda xa ndinengxaki nomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo kwiNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Isivumelwano esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela njengeso sibhalwe phantsi, kodwa ke ukuba umqeshi lowo unyanzelisa ekubeni nenze isivuelwano esibhalwe phantsi, kufuneka ukuthobele oko. Kungcono ke ngoko, kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale isivumelwano senu ukuze nithi thaca imigaqo nemiqathango enivumelene ngayo. Oku ke kuya kunceda kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuthi zibe nokuvela ekuhambeni kwexesha, xa ungavani nalo mntu uqeshe kule ndawo yakho.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomntu oqeshileyo umzekelo, ngubani omele ukulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, umbane kwakunye namatyala ezibonelelo Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umqeshi lo uhlawula zonke iintlawulo zezinto neenkonzo azifuneyo wazisebenzisa, ezifana namanzi nombane, ze umnini-mhlaba yena ahlawule zonke iintlawulo ezinento yokwenza nesakhiwo eso, ezifana ke nezibonelelo?
Imiqathango umqeshi okanye wena onokunikezela phantsi kwayo isaziso sokurhoxa kwisibhambathiso eso (umzekelo, ukuba kukho izinto ezithile ezithe azalungiswa, okanye ukuba umqeshi lowo usemva ekuhlawuleni irente).
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo - etyikitywe ngumqeshi lowo nomnini-mhlaba, kufuneka incanyathiselwe kwisivumelwano eso.
Kufuneka kudweliswe uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo xa umqeshi nomnini-mhlaba behlola-hlola phambi kokuba umqeshi lo angene ahlale kwesi sakhiwo. Olu luhlu ke kufuneka lutyikitywe nguwe nomqeshi lowo ze luncanyaqthiselwe kwisivumelwano eso sokuhlala.
Thetha nomnini-sakhiwo umntu lowo ufuna ukuqesha kuwe asaqeshe kuye ukuze ufumane iindlela zakhe zokuhlawula nokuziphatha. Ikwangumbono omhle ukuthetha nabanini-mihlaba bal mqeshwa bangaphambili, kuba umnini-mhlaba asahlala kuye lo mntu esenokuthetha kakuhle ngaye kuba efuna nje indlela yokumsusda kwindawo yakhe, ze futhi ufumane nencwadana yembalelwano esuka kumqeshi womntu lowo unomdla wokuqesha kuwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqeshwe isigxina apho nokuba wamkela malini na.
Ewe, kulungile oko ukuze uyifake loo dipozithi kweso sivumelwano. Ukhumbule ke kodwa ukuba le dipozithi kufuneka ifakwe kwi-account eza kuza nenzala ngalo lonke ixesha lesi sivumelwano sokuhlala kwaloo mqeshi kweso sakhiwo ze inikezelwe kumnini-yo nenzala yayo, ekuphumeni komqeshi kwisakhiwo eso.
Ukuba ke, umqeshi lo uphume kwisakhiwo sakho esakubamba imali, okanye ukuba uyonakalisile indawo leyo yakho ngendlela embi kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa le dipozithi ekulungiseni loo monakalo nasekuzihlawuleni loo mali asakubamba yona.
Khawujonge apha YINTONI ENDINOKUYENZA UKUBA UMQESHI UYONAKALISILE INDAWO YAM ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngedipozithi?
Oko kuxhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umnini-mhlaba ulungisa umphandle wesakhiwo ze umqeshi yena alungise umphakathi.
Hayi akunakho ngaphandle kokuba isivumelwano sokuhlala sikhankanya ukuba ungakwenza oko. Ukuba uyafuna, ungafaka icandelwana kwisivumelwano sokuqala apho udwelisa imiqathango enokukuvumela ukuba wenyuse irente (umzekelo, ukuba ziyenyuka izibonelelo).
Loo nto kaloku ixhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ukuba isivumelwano senu asichazi sixa sithile ekonyusweni kwerente, kuya kufuneka uthetha-theathane ze uvane ngeso sixa naloo mntu uqeshileyo..
Ngokuphandle, umqeshi lo uwophule isivumelwano senu. Buya ke uphinde ujonge icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso (okanye ke ukuba isivumelwano eso besenziwe ngomlomo, ujonge imiqathango ebekuvunyelwene ngayo ekwaphulweni kwesi sivumelwano) ze wenze okufanelekileyo.
Ukuba aninaso isiumelwano sokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso, kuyinto elungileyo ukubhalela loo mqeshi incwandi yembalelwano apho umnika iintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuba ahlawule, ekuya kuthi ukuba akakwazi urhoxise isivumelwano eso sokuhlala kwakhe.
Kuluxanduva lomntu oqeshe endaweni yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyayifumana irente, ngoko ke loo mqeshi kuya kufuneka akubonise ubungqina bokuba uyenzile intlawulo (umzekelo, iphetshana elibubungqina bokuba uhlawule ebhankini). Ukuba umqeshi lowo akakwazi kuyenza loo nto, ungamnima isaziso ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano senu ze ucele nomyalelo wenkundla oza kumnyanzelisa ukuyba aphume aphele apho.
Ixesha ehlawulelwa lona le mali (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwa yona le rente).
Kuya kufuneka ufumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. uMthunywa weNkundla uya kuthi athimbe impahla yalo mntu uqeshileyo ajonge ukuba ingafumaneka na imali asakubamba yona umntu lo. Ukuba uthi uthimbe impahla yomqeshi lo ngaphandle kokufumana umyalelo wenkundla, bubusela obo.
Khangela isivumelwano sokuhalala owasenza ngaphambili ukuba asinalo na icandelo icandelo elikhankanya ixesha lesaziso ekufuneka ulinikezele kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba alikho elo candela, loo nto ithetha ukuba nobabini, ngenxa yeentshukumo zenu, nithe nasihlaziya isivumelwano somqeshi lowo sokuhlala sangaphambili, kwangemigaqo nemiqathango ekwafanayo, ixesha elikwafanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka usebenzise icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi s ivumelwano, ukuba likho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle kwecandelo elikuvumela ukuba waphule esi sivumelwano, eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano iya kuba kukunika umqeshi lowo wakho isaziso sesithuba senyanga, ngembalelwano, ngaphambi kokuphela kwesivumelwano eso. (Ngoko ke ukuba benisele nisondele ekupheleni kwesivumelwano sokuhlala seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekuya kufuneka umazisile umqeshi wakho, gembalelwano, ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye).
Akunakuze ukwaqzi ukumkhupha ngokwakho umntu oqeshe kwindawo yakho, Kuya kufuneka ufumane myalelo wenkundla kuqala ukuze ube nokukwazi ukukhuphela ngaphandle umqeshi lowo ukuthi uthi aphule imiqathango nemigaqo yesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakhe kumhlaba wakho.
Ukuze ufumanise ukuba umqeshi wakho waphule imigaqo yokuhlala kwakhe, jonga isivumelwano senu. Kumele ukubakho apho icandelo elicacisa ngokwaphulwa kwezigqibo zesivumelwano sokuhlala (umzekelo, ukungahlawuli irente kwangexesha) nokuba aya kuba yintoni na amalungelo akho wena kwimeko enjalo (ngamanye amazwi ke, phelisa esi sivumelwano ngaphandle kokuohinda umazise umqeshi lo).
Ukuba ngokwenene umqeshi lowo wakho uzaphule izigqibo zokuhlala kwakhe apho, thabatha amanyathelo aqatha nazaakubonisa kakuhle umqeshi lowo ukuba ngokwenene ukwenzile oko. Ukuba oku akusebenzi, bhenela emthethweni - faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke ucele iingcebiso zegqwetha eliwayo lo mcimbi.
Unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo ze uhlola-hlole njalo-njalo, kodwa kuphela emva kokuba wenze amalungiselelo okwenza oko ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwakunye nesaziso esifanelekileyo. Umntu lowo usahlala kule ndawo yakho akanalo ilungelo lokukwalela ukuba ungene endaweni yakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Hayi. Oko kukhuphela ngaphandle akukho mthethweni. Ukuba utshintsha izitshixo, kufuneka unike umntu lowo usahlala apho izitshixo ezitsha.
Khangela ukuba indlela aziphethe ngayo umntu oqeshe kuwe iyakhabana na nemigaqo yeso sakhiwo. Ukuba kunjalo, ungakwazi ukuwophula umqathango wokuqhawulwa kwesibhambathiso ze unike nomqeshi ixeshana lesaziso. Gcina zonke izikhalazo ngalo mqeshi ephepheni kwanezinto othe wena wazenza njengobunqina.
Nikezela ingxelo ngezinto ozirhanelayo kwicandelo Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika. Ikwangumbono omhle ukufaka icandelo elithi akuvumelekanga ukuba azivumelekanga iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho kweso sakhiwo, nto leyo iya kukunika amagunya okurhoxisa esi sivumelwano ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba ubufune idipozithi, ungayisebenzisa loo mali ekulungiseni izinto ezithe zonakaliswa kakhulu ngumntu owo ebehlala apho xa ephuma.
Xa engena umntu oze kuhlala kule ndawo yakho, hlola-hlolan le ndwo kunye ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na izinto ezingemanga ngendlela - kufuneka nilutyikitye nobabini olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luncanyathiselwe kwesi sivumelwano sokuhlala.
Xa umntu lowo ephuma kule ndawo, yihlola-hloleni nobabini kwakhona le ndawo, kuya kube kulunge kakhulu xa nikwenza oku kwiintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhamba kwaloo mntu. Thelekisani uluhlu olutsha lwezinto ezonakeleyo nolo nanilwenze ngaphambili.
Ungamnika umntu usahlala apho ithuba lokulungisa ezo zinto ngokwakhe, okanye ke ungavuma ekubeni uza kuzenza ngokwakho. Gcina ke iziqinisekiso zazo zonke iindleko zokulungisa kwakho ezo ziphene ngale dipozithi. Lo mntu wenze iziphene ngedipozithi yakhe unelungelo lokuzibona ezo ziqinisekiso.
Ukuba ezo zilungiso zibize ngapantsi kwesixa sedipozithi nenzala yayo, kuya kufuneka ubuyisele loo mntu ubeqeshe apho imali eseleyo.
Qhagamshelana neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo ukuba uneengxaki.
kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isicelo elikule website ze usithumele ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ke uyithumele ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuhlala kwindwo eqeshisayo kwakunye nemeko yokuhlawula irente yahlukile. Ukuba udinga uncedo ekulawuleni umntu oqeshe endaweni yakho, qhagamshelana neNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni okanye ke igqwetha elinolwazi ngoku likunike iingcebiso.
Le ofisi ke isebenza ukususela ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni ukuya ngentsimbi yesine malanga, ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.V.116633.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ke ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabanini-mihlaba abaqeshisa ngezakhiwo ukuze kuhlale abanye abantu.
Ingaba kufuneka ndityikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala nomntu oqeshe umhlaba wam ukuze ahlale?
Zeziphi iinkcukacha ekufuneka zibekho kwisivumelwano sokuqeshisa ngendawo yokuhlala?
Ndingayijonga njani imvelaphi yomntu ofake isicelo sokuhlala endaweni yam?
Ingaba kufuneka ndifune idipozithi?
Zeziphi izilungiso ekufuneka ezenzile umhlali lo?
Ndingayenyusa na irente phakathi kwixesha lesivumelwano sokuhlala?
Ndingayenyusa ngamalini irente xa ndihlaziya isivumelwano sokuhlala?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshise kwindawo yam engayihlawuli ngexesha irente?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshileyo esithi uyihlawule irente kodwa ndibe mna ndingekayifumani?
Ingaba ndingayithimba impahla yomqeshi ukuba usemva ngerente?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala salo mntu ndimqeshisileyo siphele kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo. Ingaba kufuneka ndimazise kwisithuba sexesha elingakanani, xa ndifuna aphume?
Ndingamkhupha njani umntu oqeshe endaweni yam?
Ingaba ndingayifaka impahla ngaphandle kwemvume yomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ingaba ndingazitshintsha izitshixo ze nditshixele umntu oqeshe kum ngaphandle?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa abamelwane bekhalaza ngomntu oqeshe indawo yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa ndirhanela ukuba umntu oqeshe kum ubandakanyeka kwiintyshukumo ezingekho mthethweni endaweni yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshe kum eyonakalisile indawo yam?
Yeyiphi imithetho elawula izivumelwano zokuqeshisa?
Ngubani onokundinceda xa ndinengxaki nomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo kwiNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Isivumelwano esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela njengeso sibhalwe phantsi, kodwa ke ukuba umqeshi lowo unyanzelisa ekubeni nenze isivuelwano esibhalwe phantsi, kufuneka ukuthobele oko. Kungcono ke ngoko, kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale isivumelwano senu ukuze nithi thaca imigaqo nemiqathango enivumelene ngayo. Oku ke kuya kunceda kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuthi zibe nokuvela ekuhambeni kwexesha, xa ungavani nalo mntu uqeshe kule ndawo yakho.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomntu oqeshileyo umzekelo, ngubani omele ukulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, umbane kwakunye namatyala ezibonelelo Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umqeshi lo uhlawula zonke iintlawulo zezinto neenkonzo azifuneyo wazisebenzisa, ezifana namanzi nombane, ze umnini-mhlaba yena ahlawule zonke iintlawulo ezinento yokwenza nesakhiwo eso, ezifana ke nezibonelelo?
Imiqathango umqeshi okanye wena onokunikezela phantsi kwayo isaziso sokurhoxa kwisibhambathiso eso (umzekelo, ukuba kukho izinto ezithile ezithe azalungiswa, okanye ukuba umqeshi lowo usemva ekuhlawuleni irente).
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo - etyikitywe ngumqeshi lowo nomnini-mhlaba, kufuneka incanyathiselwe kwisivumelwano eso.
Kufuneka kudweliswe uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo xa umqeshi nomnini-mhlaba behlola-hlola phambi kokuba umqeshi lo angene ahlale kwesi sakhiwo. Olu luhlu ke kufuneka lutyikitywe nguwe nomqeshi lowo ze luncanyaqthiselwe kwisivumelwano eso sokuhlala.
Thetha nomnini-sakhiwo umntu lowo ufuna ukuqesha kuwe asaqeshe kuye ukuze ufumane iindlela zakhe zokuhlawula nokuziphatha. Ikwangumbono omhle ukuthetha nabanini-mihlaba bal mqeshwa bangaphambili, kuba umnini-mhlaba asahlala kuye lo mntu esenokuthetha kakuhle ngaye kuba efuna nje indlela yokumsusda kwindawo yakhe, ze futhi ufumane nencwadana yembalelwano esuka kumqeshi womntu lowo unomdla wokuqesha kuwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqeshwe isigxina apho nokuba wamkela malini na.
Ewe, kulungile oko ukuze uyifake loo dipozithi kweso sivumelwano. Ukhumbule ke kodwa ukuba le dipozithi kufuneka ifakwe kwi-account eza kuza nenzala ngalo lonke ixesha lesi sivumelwano sokuhlala kwaloo mqeshi kweso sakhiwo ze inikezelwe kumnini-yo nenzala yayo, ekuphumeni komqeshi kwisakhiwo eso.
Ukuba ke, umqeshi lo uphume kwisakhiwo sakho esakubamba imali, okanye ukuba uyonakalisile indawo leyo yakho ngendlela embi kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa le dipozithi ekulungiseni loo monakalo nasekuzihlawuleni loo mali asakubamba yona.
Khawujonge apha YINTONI ENDINOKUYENZA UKUBA UMQESHI UYONAKALISILE INDAWO YAM ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngedipozithi?
Oko kuxhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umnini-mhlaba ulungisa umphandle wesakhiwo ze umqeshi yena alungise umphakathi.
Hayi akunakho ngaphandle kokuba isivumelwano sokuhlala sikhankanya ukuba ungakwenza oko. Ukuba uyafuna, ungafaka icandelwana kwisivumelwano sokuqala apho udwelisa imiqathango enokukuvumela ukuba wenyuse irente (umzekelo, ukuba ziyenyuka izibonelelo).
Loo nto kaloku ixhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ukuba isivumelwano senu asichazi sixa sithile ekonyusweni kwerente, kuya kufuneka uthetha-theathane ze uvane ngeso sixa naloo mntu uqeshileyo..
Ngokuphandle, umqeshi lo uwophule isivumelwano senu. Buya ke uphinde ujonge icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso (okanye ke ukuba isivumelwano eso besenziwe ngomlomo, ujonge imiqathango ebekuvunyelwene ngayo ekwaphulweni kwesi sivumelwano) ze wenze okufanelekileyo.
Ukuba aninaso isiumelwano sokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso, kuyinto elungileyo ukubhalela loo mqeshi incwandi yembalelwano apho umnika iintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuba ahlawule, ekuya kuthi ukuba akakwazi urhoxise isivumelwano eso sokuhlala kwakhe.
Kuluxanduva lomntu oqeshe endaweni yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyayifumana irente, ngoko ke loo mqeshi kuya kufuneka akubonise ubungqina bokuba uyenzile intlawulo (umzekelo, iphetshana elibubungqina bokuba uhlawule ebhankini). Ukuba umqeshi lowo akakwazi kuyenza loo nto, ungamnima isaziso ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano senu ze ucele nomyalelo wenkundla oza kumnyanzelisa ukuyba aphume aphele apho.
Ixesha ehlawulelwa lona le mali (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwa yona le rente).
Kuya kufuneka ufumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. uMthunywa weNkundla uya kuthi athimbe impahla yalo mntu uqeshileyo ajonge ukuba ingafumaneka na imali asakubamba yona umntu lo. Ukuba uthi uthimbe impahla yomqeshi lo ngaphandle kokufumana umyalelo wenkundla, bubusela obo.
Khangela isivumelwano sokuhalala owasenza ngaphambili ukuba asinalo na icandelo icandelo elikhankanya ixesha lesaziso ekufuneka ulinikezele kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba alikho elo candela, loo nto ithetha ukuba nobabini, ngenxa yeentshukumo zenu, nithe nasihlaziya isivumelwano somqeshi lowo sokuhlala sangaphambili, kwangemigaqo nemiqathango ekwafanayo, ixesha elikwafanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka usebenzise icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi s ivumelwano, ukuba likho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle kwecandelo elikuvumela ukuba waphule esi sivumelwano, eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano iya kuba kukunika umqeshi lowo wakho isaziso sesithuba senyanga, ngembalelwano, ngaphambi kokuphela kwesivumelwano eso. (Ngoko ke ukuba benisele nisondele ekupheleni kwesivumelwano sokuhlala seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekuya kufuneka umazisile umqeshi wakho, gembalelwano, ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye).
Akunakuze ukwaqzi ukumkhupha ngokwakho umntu oqeshe kwindawo yakho, Kuya kufuneka ufumane myalelo wenkundla kuqala ukuze ube nokukwazi ukukhuphela ngaphandle umqeshi lowo ukuthi uthi aphule imiqathango nemigaqo yesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakhe kumhlaba wakho.
Ukuze ufumanise ukuba umqeshi wakho waphule imigaqo yokuhlala kwakhe, jonga isivumelwano senu. Kumele ukubakho apho icandelo elicacisa ngokwaphulwa kwezigqibo zesivumelwano sokuhlala (umzekelo, ukungahlawuli irente kwangexesha) nokuba aya kuba yintoni na amalungelo akho wena kwimeko enjalo (ngamanye amazwi ke, phelisa esi sivumelwano ngaphandle kokuohinda umazise umqeshi lo).
Ukuba ngokwenene umqeshi lowo wakho uzaphule izigqibo zokuhlala kwakhe apho, thabatha amanyathelo aqatha nazaakubonisa kakuhle umqeshi lowo ukuba ngokwenene ukwenzile oko. Ukuba oku akusebenzi, bhenela emthethweni - faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke ucele iingcebiso zegqwetha eliwayo lo mcimbi.
Unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo ze uhlola-hlole njalo-njalo, kodwa kuphela emva kokuba wenze amalungiselelo okwenza oko ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwakunye nesaziso esifanelekileyo. Umntu lowo usahlala kule ndawo yakho akanalo ilungelo lokukwalela ukuba ungene endaweni yakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Hayi. Oko kukhuphela ngaphandle akukho mthethweni. Ukuba utshintsha izitshixo, kufuneka unike umntu lowo usahlala apho izitshixo ezitsha.
Khangela ukuba indlela aziphethe ngayo umntu oqeshe kuwe iyakhabana na nemigaqo yeso sakhiwo. Ukuba kunjalo, ungakwazi ukuwophula umqathango wokuqhawulwa kwesibhambathiso ze unike nomqeshi ixeshana lesaziso. Gcina zonke izikhalazo ngalo mqeshi ephepheni kwanezinto othe wena wazenza njengobunqina.
Nikezela ingxelo ngezinto ozirhanelayo kwicandelo Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika. Ikwangumbono omhle ukufaka icandelo elithi akuvumelekanga ukuba azivumelekanga iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho kweso sakhiwo, nto leyo iya kukunika amagunya okurhoxisa esi sivumelwano ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba ubufune idipozithi, ungayisebenzisa loo mali ekulungiseni izinto ezithe zonakaliswa kakhulu ngumntu owo ebehlala apho xa ephuma.
Xa engena umntu oze kuhlala kule ndawo yakho, hlola-hlolan le ndwo kunye ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na izinto ezingemanga ngendlela - kufuneka nilutyikitye nobabini olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luncanyathiselwe kwesi sivumelwano sokuhlala.
Xa umntu lowo ephuma kule ndawo, yihlola-hloleni nobabini kwakhona le ndawo, kuya kube kulunge kakhulu xa nikwenza oku kwiintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhamba kwaloo mntu. Thelekisani uluhlu olutsha lwezinto ezonakeleyo nolo nanilwenze ngaphambili.
Ungamnika umntu usahlala apho ithuba lokulungisa ezo zinto ngokwakhe, okanye ke ungavuma ekubeni uza kuzenza ngokwakho. Gcina ke iziqinisekiso zazo zonke iindleko zokulungisa kwakho ezo ziphene ngale dipozithi. Lo mntu wenze iziphene ngedipozithi yakhe unelungelo lokuzibona ezo ziqinisekiso.
Ukuba ezo zilungiso zibize ngapantsi kwesixa sedipozithi nenzala yayo, kuya kufuneka ubuyisele loo mntu ubeqeshe apho imali eseleyo.
Qhagamshelana neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo ukuba uneengxaki.
kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isicelo elikule website ze usithumele ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ke uyithumele ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuhlala kwindwo eqeshisayo kwakunye nemeko yokuhlawula irente yahlukile. Ukuba udinga uncedo ekulawuleni umntu oqeshe endaweni yakho, qhagamshelana neNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni okanye ke igqwetha elinolwazi ngoku likunike iingcebiso.
Le ofisi ke isebenza ukususela ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni ukuya ngentsimbi yesine malanga, ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.112509.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luqulethe iingcebiso ezisuka kumagosa asebenza kaRhulumente wePhondo asebenza ngeethenda, ngcebiso ezo zikunika amacebo okuphucula amathuba akho okukhuphisana ngeethenda zikarhulumente ngempumelelo.
Nikezela ngazo zonke iinkcukacha ezifunwa seso sicelo sethenda ngawo onke amaxesha. Ungazilibali izinto ezifana nesiqinisekiso sakho sokuhlanjwa kwirhafu kwakunye neziqinisekiso zabanini beshishini elo lakho. Qwalasela: iziqinisekiso zokuhlanjwa kwirhafu eziphelelwe lixesha nazo azamkelekanga.
Kubalulekile ke ukuba izibalo zamaxabiso eethenda abe achanekile. jonga ze UJONGISISE oku!
Amaxesha amaninzi, abafaki-zicelo zeethenda baye bangabuqondi kakuhle ubuzaza bomsebenzi. Ukuba kukho nantoni na ongaqinisekanga ngayo kuloo thenda, BUZA!
LUTYIKITYE rhoqo uxwebhu lwakho lwethenda. Amaxwebhu eethenda angatyikitywanga awaphendulwa yaye yaye aya kukhatyelwa ngaphandle.
Ukuba uyi-HDI, khumbula ukwenza ibango lamanqaku akho. Amanqaku angafakelwanga bango ayalahleka!
Qinisekisa ukuba ufaka isicelo sakho sethenda kwibhokisi echanekileyo, phambi komhla wokuvalwa. Ngokomthetho, iithenda ezingene emva kwexesha aziyi kwamkelwa, nokuba sezisemva kwexesha ngomzuzwana omnye.
Ukuba kuye kwacelwa imizekelo, kufuneka kunikezelwe ngenani elaneleyo ukuze ithenda nganye ibe nokuvanywa phantsi kwemiqathango eyiyo yobugcisa neyaseklinikhi. Qinisekisa ke kwakho ukuba naziphi na iimfuno ezinento yokwenza nokumelana nemigangatho yeSABS iyagfikeleleka.
Fundisisa kakuhle onke amaxwebhu ethenda ngawo onke amaxesha.
Gcwalisa olu xwebhu ngokugcweleyo.
Yenza uvavanyo lwamaxabiso oluchanekileyo xa ubala amaxabiso akho aloo thenda. Amaxabiso eethenda abalwe aphezulu kakhulu okanye asezantsi kakhulu athatyathwa njengangayiboni kakuhle le thenda.
Buza ngaloo thenda ze ufumane zonke iinkcukacha ngayo phambi kokuba ugcwalise uxwebhu lwayo.
Uze ungoyiki ukubuza ukuba kutheni na ungakhange uphumelele kwithenda ethile ukuze ube nokufunda kwiimpazamo ozenzileyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba uyamelana nazo zonke iimfuno ngexesha elichanekileyo yaye uyakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho xa sithe saphumelela isicelo sakho.
Uze ungaphosisi okanye wenze izithembiso neentetho ezingeyonyaniso kuxwebu lwakho lwesicelo sethenda. Olu luxwebhu lomthetho yaye luyanyanzeliseka ngokomthetho.
Ukunikezela iinkonzo neemveliso ezisemgangathweni kuya kuphucula igama lakho yaye uya kuba mhle kwiincwadi zelo sebe. Ukuza neenkonzo neemveliso ezingekho mgangathweni kukunika igama elibi hayi kwisihishini lakho nje kuphela kodwa kuwo onke amashishini asakhasayo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.17122.17122.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luqulethe iinkcukacha ezihamba ngokwamanqanaba ezinto ekufuneka uzenzile ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yesithuthi.
Uncede nabani na owenzakeleyo.
Ufumanise ukuba umonakalo ungakanani na.
Ufumane zonke iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.
Unikezele ingxelo ngale ngozi emapoliseni.
Musa ukuphazamisana nobungqina.
Zazi iziphumo ezinokuza nomthetho.
Amapolisa aya kugcwalisa ingxelo yengozi leyo, egcinwa mhlawumbi yi-SAPS, umaspala okanye liSebe lePhondo Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntu, futhi kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuvulwe ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho na nokuba ingozi leyo yehle kwingingqi yolawulo lwaloo maspala na. Zonke iingxelo zeengozi zezithuthi ngaphandle kweengingqi zolawulo loomaspala, apho kungekho tyala lalwaphulo-mthetho liphandwayo, zigcinwa leli Sebe.
Ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yesithuthi ebangela ukonzakala okanye ukuphulukana nobomi kuye nabani na, okanye ebangela umonakalo kwimpahla okanye isilwanyana, umthetho ukuyalela ukuba umise isithuthi eso.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungasimisi isithuthi sakho emva kwengozi, futhi ungohlwaywa imali efikelela kumashumi amathathu anesithandathu amawaka eerandi, okanye uvalelwe uthothoze emjiva ixesha eliya kwisithoba seminyala, okanye zombini.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba usimise isithuthi sakho okanye unikezele ingxelo ngengozi ukuba uthi umbonzeleke emthini ze wonakalise isithuthi sakho kuphela futhi ibe nguwe kuphela owenzakeleyo. Kodwa ke, ukuba uthi wonakalise impahla yomnye umntu, kufuneka umise ze unikezele ingxelo ngale ngozi emapoliseni kwesona sikhululo samapolisa sikufutshane.
Xa umisa, kufuneka ukhanyise izikhanyisi zakho ezichaza ukuba usengozini ukuyala abaqhubi bezinye izithuthi ngale ngozi.
Emva kokuba umisile, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kukho mntu wenzakeleyo na, futhi umncede kangangoko unakho. Kufuneka futhi ubize inkonzo yohlangulo ekhawulezileyo. Inombolo yesizwe yexesha likaxakeka esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku ngu-084 124 okanye ungatsalela namapolisa kule nombolo 10111.
Ukuba awazi nto ngoncedo lokuqala, qaphela ungenzi nantoni na enokwandisa ukwenzakala oko.
Ngaphandle kokuba nawe udinga uncedo, kufuneka uhlale kwindawo yengozi leyo de igosa lasebupoliseni lithi ungahamba. Ungabekwa ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho xa unokungamncedi umntu owenzakeleyo kuloo ngozi.
Kuya kufuneka ufumanise ukuba ungakanani na umonakalo odalwe yile ngozi kwimpahla nezakhiwo.
Kufuneka unikezele igama nedilesi yakho nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi sakho kuye nabani na onokuzidinga.
amagama agcweleyo iinombolo zeencwadana zezazisi iidilesi iinkcukacha zeenombolo zeminxeba iinombolo-mibhalo zezithuthi.
iinkcazelo zezithuthi iinkcukacha zamagosa asebupoliseni nawezothutho kwanabasebenzi kwizithuthi zezigulana iinkcukacha zabasebenzi bezigadla ezitsala izithuthi ezibandakanyeke ezingozini.
Ezi nkcukacha ziya kukunceda ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango kwi-insurance yakho okanye kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela, okanye ke ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango ngeendleko zokulungiswa kwesithuthi sakho kumqhubi wesithuthi esikutshayisileyo.
Emva kwexesha, wena okanye amagqwetha akho angayidinga ikopi yengxelo yale ngozi egcwaliswa ngamapolisa.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba amapolisa abizelwe kwindawo yengozi ukuba akukho mntu wenzakeleyo, kodwa ke ingozi le yona kufuneka ixeliwe - ngabo bobabini aba baqhubi - kwisikhululo samapolisa okanye iofisi yemicimbi yendlela kwiiyure nje ezingamashumi amabini anesine emva kwengozi le.
Kufuneka unikezele ngegama nedilesi yakho nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi kwigosa lasebupoliseni okanye lezendlela, mhlawumbi kwindawo yengozi leyo okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa okanye kwi-ofisi yamagosa ezendlela xa unikezela ingxelo ngale ngozi. Kukwafuneka uveze iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba isithuthi.
Ukuba wenzakele, ngoko akukwazi kunikezela ngxelo ngengozi leyo ngoko nangoko, kufuneka wenze njalo ngokona kukhawuleza futhi uchaze ukuba kutheni na kubekho ukulibaziseka ekunikezelweni kwale ngxelo.
Kulityala ukunganikezeli ngxelo ngengozi apho konakele impahla yomnye umntu, okanye apho omnye umntu athe wonzakala khona, futhi oku kunjalo nokuba bonke abaqhubi ababandakanyekayo abanazinjongo zakuvula tyala.
Kufuneka UNGASELI nabuphi na utywala okanye UNGASEBENZISI naziphi na iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo ngaphandle kokuba oko ukwenza ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha.
Ukuba amapolisa akucela ukuba uye kuvavanyo lwempilo, kufuneka ungaseli nabuphi na utywala okanye ungasebenzisi naziphi na iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo phambi kolo vavanyo nangaphambi kokunikezela ingxelo ngale ngozi.
Ukuba kukho nabani na othe wonzakala kule ngozi, izithuthi azinakususwa ngaphambi kokuba igosa lasebupoliseni okanye lezendlela lifike ze linikezele nomyalelo wokuba izithuthi ezo zingasuswa.
Ukuba ingozi le izivalela ngokupheleleyo ezinye izithuthi ukuba zidlule, izithuthi ezibandakanyeka kwingozi le zingasuswa kakuhle nangokuchanekileyo ukuvulela ezinye izithuthi, kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo iindawo ebezime kuzo nendlela ebezime ngayo ezi zithuthi (umzekelo: ngetshokwe okanye ngepeyinti yokuphawula).
ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokuqhuba ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokuqhuba uphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokubulala ngenxa yokungakhathali ibango lokonakaliswa kwempahla ibango lokwenzakaliswa komntu othile.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.17122.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luqulethe iinkcukacha ezihamba ngokwamanqanaba ezinto ekufuneka uzenzile ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yesithuthi.
Uncede nabani na owenzakeleyo.
Ufumanise ukuba umonakalo ungakanani na.
Ufumane zonke iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.
Unikezele ingxelo ngale ngozi emapoliseni.
Musa ukuphazamisana nobungqina.
Zazi iziphumo ezinokuza nomthetho.
Amapolisa aya kugcwalisa ingxelo yengozi leyo, egcinwa mhlawumbi yi-SAPS, umaspala okanye liSebe lePhondo Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntu, futhi kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuvulwe ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho na nokuba ingozi leyo yehle kwingingqi yolawulo lwaloo maspala na. Zonke iingxelo zeengozi zezithuthi ngaphandle kweengingqi zolawulo loomaspala, apho kungekho tyala lalwaphulo-mthetho liphandwayo, zigcinwa leli Sebe.
Ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yesithuthi ebangela ukonzakala okanye ukuphulukana nobomi kuye nabani na, okanye ebangela umonakalo kwimpahla okanye isilwanyana, umthetho ukuyalela ukuba umise isithuthi eso.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungasimisi isithuthi sakho emva kwengozi, futhi ungohlwaywa imali efikelela kumashumi amathathu anesithandathu amawaka eerandi, okanye uvalelwe uthothoze emjiva ixesha eliya kwisithoba seminyala, okanye zombini.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba usimise isithuthi sakho okanye unikezele ingxelo ngengozi ukuba uthi umbonzeleke emthini ze wonakalise isithuthi sakho kuphela futhi ibe nguwe kuphela owenzakeleyo. Kodwa ke, ukuba uthi wonakalise impahla yomnye umntu, kufuneka umise ze unikezele ingxelo ngale ngozi emapoliseni kwesona sikhululo samapolisa sikufutshane.
Xa umisa, kufuneka ukhanyise izikhanyisi zakho ezichaza ukuba usengozini ukuyala abaqhubi bezinye izithuthi ngale ngozi.
Emva kokuba umisile, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kukho mntu wenzakeleyo na, futhi umncede kangangoko unakho. Kufuneka futhi ubize inkonzo yohlangulo ekhawulezileyo. Inombolo yesizwe yexesha likaxakeka esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku ngu-084 124 okanye ungatsalela namapolisa kule nombolo 10111.
Ukuba awazi nto ngoncedo lokuqala, qaphela ungenzi nantoni na enokwandisa ukwenzakala oko.
Ngaphandle kokuba nawe udinga uncedo, kufuneka uhlale kwindawo yengozi leyo de igosa lasebupoliseni lithi ungahamba. Ungabekwa ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho xa unokungamncedi umntu owenzakeleyo kuloo ngozi.
Kuya kufuneka ufumanise ukuba ungakanani na umonakalo odalwe yile ngozi kwimpahla nezakhiwo.
Kufuneka unikezele igama nedilesi yakho nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi sakho kuye nabani na onokuzidinga.
amagama agcweleyo iinombolo zeencwadana zezazisi iidilesi iinkcukacha zeenombolo zeminxeba iinombolo-mibhalo zezithuthi.
iinkcazelo zezithuthi iinkcukacha zamagosa asebupoliseni nawezothutho kwanabasebenzi kwizithuthi zezigulana iinkcukacha zabasebenzi bezigadla ezitsala izithuthi ezibandakanyeke ezingozini.
Ezi nkcukacha ziya kukunceda ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango kwi-insurance yakho okanye kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela, okanye ke ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango ngeendleko zokulungiswa kwesithuthi sakho kumqhubi wesithuthi esikutshayisileyo.
Emva kwexesha, wena okanye amagqwetha akho angayidinga ikopi yengxelo yale ngozi egcwaliswa ngamapolisa.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba amapolisa abizelwe kwindawo yengozi ukuba akukho mntu wenzakeleyo, kodwa ke ingozi le yona kufuneka ixeliwe - ngabo bobabini aba baqhubi - kwisikhululo samapolisa okanye iofisi yemicimbi yendlela kwiiyure nje ezingamashumi amabini anesine emva kwengozi le.
Kufuneka unikezele ngegama nedilesi yakho nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi kwigosa lasebupoliseni okanye lezendlela, mhlawumbi kwindawo yengozi leyo okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa okanye kwi-ofisi yamagosa ezendlela xa unikezela ingxelo ngale ngozi. Kukwafuneka uveze iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba isithuthi.
Ukuba wenzakele, ngoko akukwazi kunikezela ngxelo ngengozi leyo ngoko nangoko, kufuneka wenze njalo ngokona kukhawuleza futhi uchaze ukuba kutheni na kubekho ukulibaziseka ekunikezelweni kwale ngxelo.
Kulityala ukunganikezeli ngxelo ngengozi apho konakele impahla yomnye umntu, okanye apho omnye umntu athe wonzakala khona, futhi oku kunjalo nokuba bonke abaqhubi ababandakanyekayo abanazinjongo zakuvula tyala.
Kufuneka UNGASELI nabuphi na utywala okanye UNGASEBENZISI naziphi na iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo ngaphandle kokuba oko ukwenza ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha.
Ukuba amapolisa akucela ukuba uye kuvavanyo lwempilo, kufuneka ungaseli nabuphi na utywala okanye ungasebenzisi naziphi na iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo phambi kolo vavanyo nangaphambi kokunikezela ingxelo ngale ngozi.
Ukuba kukho nabani na othe wonzakala kule ngozi, izithuthi azinakususwa ngaphambi kokuba igosa lasebupoliseni okanye lezendlela lifike ze linikezele nomyalelo wokuba izithuthi ezo zingasuswa.
Ukuba ingozi le izivalela ngokupheleleyo ezinye izithuthi ukuba zidlule, izithuthi ezibandakanyeka kwingozi le zingasuswa kakuhle nangokuchanekileyo ukuvulela ezinye izithuthi, kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo iindawo ebezime kuzo nendlela ebezime ngayo ezi zithuthi (umzekelo: ngetshokwe okanye ngepeyinti yokuphawula).
ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokuqhuba ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokuqhuba uphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokubulala ngenxa yokungakhathali ibango lokonakaliswa kwempahla ibango lokwenzakaliswa komntu othile.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.17473.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantwana kufuneka bezifumene ezi mfuno zingundoqo kubazali okanye kwizizalwane zabo. Le nkathalo inikezelwa ngabazali okanye zizizalwane ibizwa ngokuba yinkxaso.
Abazali okanye izizalwane zixhasa abantwana ngqo, xa abantwana behlala nazo.
Abazali okanye izizalwane zixhasa abantwana ngokungathanga ngqo, xa abantwana behlala nomnye umntu, ngokuthi bahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo saboo bantwana, okanye imali ukuncedana nomntwana lowo kwanokumnika iimfuno zakhe ezingundoqo.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.17473.10.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > W > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
Ukuba ungumzali, qinisekisa ukuba wenza igalelo ngesixa esamkelekileyo ekukhulisweni kwabantwana bakho, uhlala nabo okanye ungahlali nabo.
Usenokubanceda abantwana ngokucenga abazali abangahlawuliyo okanye abangahlawuli ngokwaneleyo, ukuba bahlawule isixa senkxaso-mali noko esinokuwenza umahluko: kuba kaloku bona abantwana basayidinga.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.17473.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > W > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
nabazali babazali bakhe, ukuba abazali bomntwana babetshatene.
Olu xanduva lubekwe ngumthetho lubizwa ngokuba "luxanduva lokukhulisa" okanye "uxanduva lokuxhasa".
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.17473.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > W > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Apho abazali bayeka ukuhlalisana, abazali abaninzi bazithathela izigqibo ekubeni bahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo kumzali ohlala nomntwana lowo.
Abanye abazali baye bangakwazi ukumelana noxanduva lwabo olubekwe ngumthetho lokuba bajongane nomntwana wabo.
Le ndlela yenkxaso yindlela esetyenziswa ziinkundla eqinisekisa ukuba abazali bayamelana noxanduva lwabo lokujongana nabantwana babo.
INkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ingayalela umzali ongahlali nomntwana wakhe ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana ukuze umntwana wakhe akwazi ukuphila.
Le ndlela yenkxaso ke ngoko iqinisekisa ukuba abazali abangahlali nabantwana babo benza igalelo elililo nelamkelekileyo ngokwezimali ekukhulisweni nakwisondlo sabantwana babo.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.17473.4.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > W > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ukuba akuhlali nabantwana bakho, akubikho ngazo zonke iintsuku ubabonelele ngeemfuno zabo zemihla ngemihla ezifana nendawo yokuhlala, ukutya, impahla yokunxiba, unonophelo lwempilo kwanemfundo.
ukuba iintlawulo zesikolo azikwazi kuhlawulwa, abanakuba nakho ukuya esikolweni.
Inkxaso-mali yesondlo iqinisekisa ukuba abantwana bakho bagcina, kangangoko banakho, umgangatho wokuphila olingana nalowo wangexa abazali babo babsahlala kunye.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.17473.6.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
uphinda atshate nelinye iqabane?
uthi azimanye nelinye iqabane ngeqhina lothando?
akandivumeli ukuba ndibabone abantwana bam?
Ilungelo labantwana bakho lokufumana iimfuno zabo ezingundoqo alinanto yakwenza nokuba ucinga ukuba omnye umzali wabo uziphethe njani na.
Abantwana bakho basayidinga inkxaso, futhi wena kusafuneka uyihlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abo, nokuba umzali ohlala nabo uthi aphinde atshate okanye azibandakanye nelinye iqabane eluthandweni.
Kwakhona, abantwana bakho kusafuneka, beyifumene inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabo nokuba awukwazi kubabona. Uxanduva lwakho lokubondla ubakhulise lahluke ngokupheleleyo kwilungelo labo lokukubona. Uxanduva lwakho lokuhlawula alixhomekekanga tu ekubeni unakho na ukubabona okanye hayi.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.17473.9.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > W > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
ukuba iintlawulo zesikolo azihlawulwa, banokungakwazi ukuya esikolweni.
Ngamanye amaxesha umzali ohlala nabantwana kuya kufuneka ukuba ahambe aye kufuna umsebenzi ukuze akwazi ukubonelela abantwana ngononophelo okanye akwazi ukuba liliso kubo ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.3149.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni Impilo Yengqondo?
Olu ke luxwebhu oluthe ngqo nolucacileyo ngokuba kuthethwa ngantoni na xa kuthethwa ngempilo yengqondo nangokuguka engqondweni. Liphetshana elinemibuzo ngendlela abantu abamelana ngayo neenzima zobomi kwakunye neempendulo kwimibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo ngempilo yengqondo.
Impilo yengqondo ayijolisanga nje ekungagulini ngengqondo, koko ngobukho bempilo ngokwengqondo nokuma kakuhle apha entloko. Impilo yengqondo ingendlela oziva ngayo ngawe, imo yobudlelwane bakho nabanye abantu kwanokuba uwamkela njani na amathuba akuvelelayo, iinzima nemiceli-mngeni yobomi bantsuku zonke.
Impilo Yengqondo ingokufumana ukulingana phakathi kokumelana neenzima zobomi nokusebenzisa amathuba aza nobomi ngokuphuhla okuqhubela phambili. Khawuzame ukwazi ukomelela kwakho (ze usebenzele ukukukhulisa) nemingcipheko okuyo (usebenzele ukuyoyisa okanye ukufumana inkxaso kuyo) ze ufunde ukuzazi xa ungakwazi kumelana neemfuno zobomi bakho futhi usemngciphekweni wokuphazamiseka ngendlela engekho mpilweni.
Sinokungaziva siphilile okanye sikulungele ukumelana nobomi ngokwasengqondweni ngawo onke amaxesha. Ngokuphandle, ukomelela okanye ukujuba kwethu, ngenkxaso esuka kubanye abantu, kungasinceda sibuyele empilweni eyiyo emva kwentlekele okanye imeko ephazamisana nesimo sengqondo ebesikuso, xesha elo singaziva mnandi ngalo ebomini bethu. Okunye ukuphazamiseka kunokuba ngumceli-mngeni futhi kunike umdla (ukufumana isithuba esitsha somsebenzi, uxanduva olwahlukileyo.) Kufuneka sizinqande ekuvumeleni amaqondo okuphazamiseka kweengqondo zethu ukuba afikelele kumanqanaba apho singenakumelana nobomi bethu bantsuku zonke.
Vavanya iqondo lokungazinzi kwengqondo yakho. Funda le mibuzo ilandelayo. Kwixesha ngalinye ophendula ngokuthi "ewe" kuyo, faka uphawu kule bhokisi.
Ingaba usoloko uziva udiniwe?
Ingaba ukufumana kunzima ukulala?
Ingaba uhlaselwa yintloko ebuhlungu, izilonda, okanye ukungacoleki kokutya esiswini?
Ingaba ukufumana kunzima ukuzikisa ingqondo?
Ingaba kuba luxanduva xa kufuneka uphumlile?
Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla ekwabelaneni ngesondo?
Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla kwizinto ozithandayo kwanezinye iintshukumo obusoloko uzonwabela?
Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla ekutyeni okanye mhlawumbi ingaba utya ngaphezu kwesiqhelo?
Ingaba usoloko ufika emva kwexesha emsebenzini?
Ingaba awuthandi okanye awuziva mnandi xa ukunye nabantu ophangela nabo?
Ingaba uziva unomsindo, udikwa ngokukhawuleza okanye "usezantsi kakhulu ngokwenqanaba lobomi kubanye abantu"?
Ingaba uya nazo ekhaya iingxaki zasemsebenzini emva kwemini nangeempela-veki?
Ingaba wenza izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo nezingazikisisiswanga?
Ingaba ukufumana kunzima ukufikelela kwizigqibo?
Ukuba ufumana ezinye zeempawu onazo kolu vavanyo lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, mhlawumbi kusenokuba uphazanyiswa yimiba yasemsebenzini. Abantu abaninzi kuthi baziva ngolu hlobo ixesha nje elincinci kwinqanaba elithile ebomini. Njengokuba kungekho zindlela zilula zokunyanga ezinye zezi ngxaki sithi sibe nazo, ukuthabatha amanyathelo okunciphisa oku kuphazamiseka emsebenzini ukuze sizibuyisele kwimo yesiqhelo okanye sikhusele impilo yeengqondo zethu yeyona nto ingcono umntu anokuyenza.
Ungaphinda uzibekele ngokutsha izinto ezibalulekile ebomini bakho ofuna ukuzifumana kuqala, ukuba unakho: Qwalasela kuphela izinto ezibalulekileyo.
Jonga izinto ngobunjalo bazo: Yahlula-hlula amaphulo abe yimisetyenzana onokumelana nayo, fumanisa onokumelana nongenakumelana nako.
Nyaniseka kubalingane bakho/kumphathi wakho emsebenzini: Yiza neendlela ezinokuphucula le meko.
Khathalela impilo yakho yomzimba, yengqondo neyeminye nje imiba yobomi bakho. Musa ukungazihoyi izihlobo nosapho lwakho.
Sebenza kwangexesha ukwenzela ube nexesha elaneleyo lokuphumla: Funda ukuthi "hayi". Musa ukuziva unetyala ngokuzinika ixesha lokuphumla.
Fumana inkxaso: Tyumba futhi ubazi abantu onokwabelana nabo ngeengxaki ze nizame nokufumana izisombululo.
Ingxenye ebalulekileyo ekugcineni impilo yengqondo yakho ikwimeko ephilileyo ekhaya nasemsebenzini kukuzinakana xa unengxaki yempilo yengqondo okanye usemngciphekweni wokuba naloo ngxaki. Ulwazi, yaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, uvavanyo neengcebiso ngonyango zingafumaneka kwiziko lezempilo elikufutshane nawe, kugqirha okanye kumongikazi okanye iklinikhi yempilo yengqondo neyomzimba. Abasebenzi bezempilo abazisebenzela bucala njengoogqirha bengqondo, iingcali zeeklinikhi zengqondo kwanoonontlalo-ntle beeklinikhi bangaluncedo.
Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo zidala uthotho lwezigulo ezisukela kwezingembi kuyaphi ezingumvuka weenguqu ebomini bakho ukuya kwezona zinobuzaza kakhulu ezinokunyanzelisa ukuba umntu ade aye kugcinwa esibhedlele futhi afumane nonyango oluqhubekekayo ukumenza akwazi ukumelana nobomi bantsuku zonke ekhayeni nasemsebenzini. Ezinye izigulo zinokuvela ngamaxesha athile kuphela, umzekelo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo emva kokubeleka koomama abatsha, ukwanda kokungazinzi kwengqondo (iDementia) kubantu abasele bekhulile. Ezinye zinokuvela nakwesiphi na isigaba sobomi.
Ezantsi apha kukho uluhlu lweempawu nemiqondiso kumanqanaba amathathu kolu thotho luphangaleleyo lweengxaki zempilo yengqondo sinokuthi sizifumane sihlaselwe zizo, ukukunceda ukhangele ubume bengqondo ngelo xesha ucinge ngalo. Apho le miqondiso okanye eminye imifuziselo ekuxhaphakeleyo yobudlelwane okanye yokuziphatha ichaphazela futhi iphazamise ukusebenza kwakho empangelweni okanye esikolweni ze ikuphazamise wena nosapho lweqabane lakho nendlela nje yokuphilisana noluntu, kusenokuba unengxaki yempilo yengqondo edinga ukunikwa ingqalelo.
Ingaba Usoloko uziva udangele okanye ucaphukile okanye zombini (uzive usoloko ungxola okanye unyembezana)?
Uziva ungenakuncedakala, ungenathemba, unetyala futhi kungasekho kwakho emhlabeni?
akukwazi kuzinza uqondisise kwinto ethile futhi ulibala rhoqo?
ukufumana kunzima ukufikelela kwizigqibo?
ucinga ngokufa okanye ukuzibulala?
Uziva udiniwe futhi ungenamandla?
Uyatyeba okanye uyehla emzimbeni (akunamdla wakutya okanye utya ngaphaya kokuqonda)?
Uneengxaki zokulala (ulala ixesha elide kakhulu okanye elincinci kakhulu), akuziva ukhe waphumla emva kokulala?
unamaqondo okwenza izinto adungekileyo okanye ehle kakhulu (ixesha likhawuleza kakhulu)?
Ingaba uzifumana ungenakuzinza, ungakhululekanga, okanye ukhathazeke ngokugqithisileyo?
unoloyiko lokusweleka okanye lokwahluleka ukulawula imeko ophantsi kwayo?
woyika ukungakwazi kuqhwesha, yaye akufuni kuzishiya iindawo osele uziqhelile?
uziva uphantsi koxinzelelo lweengcinga zeemeko ezingenakuba yinyaniso?
uziva unentloko ethambileyo, uphelelwa ngumphefumlo okanye unesizunguzane?
uneentlungu zesisu, iintloko ezibuhlulngu, ukubambana kwemisipha okanye uziva undindisholo okanye urhawuzelelwa ..?
Ingaba kukho amaxesha apho uva amazwi, ubona imibono, uva okanye unukiselwe ngamavumba, nto ezo zingenzekiyo kubanye abantuintloko yakho iziva ingenakumelana nokucinga, iingcinga zakho zivakala zidida futhi zingavakali, zingahlangani yaye kunzima ukuzibumba...uneenkolelo eziluqilima abanye abantu abangenakuziqonda, umzekelo, kukho abantu abafuna ukukonzakalisa, okanye unamandla nolwazi olulodwa...ubona abanye abantu bengenakuzazi iingcinga zakho okanye wena ukwazi ukubona iingcina zabanye...indlela oziveza ngayo ngokwasemphefumlweni ibonakala "imcambalala" okanye ingaqhelekanga kwabanye... amandla akho okumelana nempilo nokuba sempilweni kwakho kwanemisebenzi yakho aya ephela?
Abantu bangakubaleka ukumelana neengxaki zempilo yengqondo yabo okanye iinzima zemiphefumlo yabo "ngokuthi bazinyange": Bangakwenza oku ngokuthi basebenzise ngokungaphaya kweqondo elamkelekileyo amachiza afumaneka ngokuthengwa kwiivenkile zamachiza okuzinyanga okanye amachiza angumyalelo kagqirha, utywala nezinye iziyobisi.
Ngelixa oku kunokukunika ukukhululeka ithutyana elingephi, kusenokukhokelela kwiingxaki zokungakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwaloo machiza, ngaphandle kokunyanga ingxaki le. Ungaludinga uncedo lokuyeka loo machiza ukuba ubusele uwaqalile. Abantu abanengxaki yempilo yengqondo banokungalufuni uncedo abaludingayo ngenxa yokuba ukugula ngengqondo luphawu lokuphelelwa ngamandla, ukonqena, ukungamkeleki eluntwini okanye iingcinga ezizele yiminqweno
Iinyaniso zicacile: Izigulo zempilo yengqondo, njengezigulo zempilo yomzimba, zingachaphazela nabani na. Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo zibanga intlungu yaye zingabangela ukukhathazeka njengokonzakala emzimbeni, futhi ukufumana uncedo kwangexesha yeyona nto ingcono unokuyenza ukwenzela ukuphakamisa awona mathuba maninzi okuphila. Ukufumana uncedo ngelona thuba likhawulezileyo kukunika amathuba amaninzi nakhawulezileyo okuba ngcono. Inyathelo lokuqala ekufumaneni uncedo kukwamkela ukuba ukuya kufuna uncedo yinto ekulungele ukuba uyenze!
kumcebisi wesikolo okanye wenkonzo yakho kugqirha okufutshane nawe iziko lasekuhlaleni lezempilo okanye kwiklinikhi ekwinqwelo ejikelezayo kwiklinikhi yabasebenzi okanye kumongikazi wezempilo oonontlalo-ntle, iingcali zempilo yengqondo, oogqirha bempilo yengqondo kwanezinye izifundiswa ngempilo yengqondo.
Isalathisi seenkonzo zempilo yengqondo kungaqhagamshelwana naso ukuze kufumaneke amanye amaziko anikezela uncedo.
Usenokunqwenela ukutsalela umnxeba kucingo lomnxeba woncedo ukuze ube nokubonisana neengcali ngale nyewe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.3342.3342.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sisishwankathelo esingusaziwayo sawona macandelo abalulekileyo omthetho wepalamente yesizwe iBasic Conditions of Employment Act, ka-1997. Abasebenzi kufuneka babe nakho ukusifumana esi sishwankathelo kwiindawo abasebenza kuzo ngeelwimi ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni nezisetyenziswa kwezo ngingqi bahlala kuzo.
Ingaba wenzelwe bani lo Mthetho?
Lo Mthetho Ubophelela bonke abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngaphandle kwamalungu oMkhosi Wokhuselo Wesizwe, iQumrhu Lobuntlola Lesizwe, iQumrhu Leemfihlo loMzantsi Afrika kwakunye namavolontiya angahlawulwayo asebenzela imibutho yohlangulo.
Lo Mthetho kufuneka uhlonitshwe nokuba ezinye izigqibo sele zahlukile kuwo.
Eli candelo alibabopheleli abaphathi abakwizikhundla eziphezulu (abo banokuqesha, baluleke ze bagxothe), abasebenzi beentengiso abamsebenzi wabo ubahambisayo kwakunye nabasebenzi abasebenza iiyure ezingaphantsi kwamashumi amabini anesine ngenyanga.
kweeyure ezisibhozo ngosuku ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza iintsuku ezingaphezu kwesihlanu ngeveki.
Ukuba ixesha elongezelelweyo liyadingeka, abasebenzi kufuneka bavume ukulisebenza futhi abanakusebenza iiyure ezingaphezu kwesithathu zexesha elongezelelweyo ngosuku okanye ishumi leeyure zomsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo ngeveki.
Ixesha elongezelelweyo kufuneka lihlawulelwe ngentlawulo engumvuzo opheleleyo oqhelekileyo nesiqingatha sawo okanye ke ngokwezivumelwano bafumane ixesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo.
Ukulungiswa ngendlela elula kwamaxesha okusebenza kungancokolwa ukuba kukho isivumelwano phakathi kwabaqeshi nemanyano yabasebenzi ebhalisiweyo. Umzekelo, oku kungavumela amaxesha ekulula ukuphinda atshintshwe kumzalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni emva kwexesha elithile.
Iveki yomsebenzi oxinanisiweyo: ungavuma ukusebenza ukuya kuma kwishumi elinesibini leeyure ngosuku ze usebenze iintsuku ezimbalwa ngeveki. Noku ke kungabanceda abazalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni abo emva kwexesha elithile ngokuthi bafumane iimpela-veki ezinde.
Averaging: Isivumelwano sabasebenzi nabaqeshi singawavumela amaxesha empangelo ukuba ahlanganiswe ixesha eliziinyanga ezine. Umsebenzi obotshelelwe seso sivumelwano akanakho ukusebenza ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza elingaphezu kwamashumi amane anesihlanu eeyure ngeveki kwakunye nezinye iiyure ezintlanu zomsebenzi wexesha elingaphezu kweeyure ezintlanu ngeveki ngexesha lesi sivumelwano. Isivumelwano sabaqeshi nabasebenzi sokulinganisela ixesha lokusebenza kufuneka sincokolwe kwenziwe nezigqibo ngaso minyaka le.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokutya eliyimizuzu engamashumi amathandathu emva kweeyure ezintlanu zokusebenza. Kodwa ke isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi singalinciphisa eli xesha ngemizuzu engamashumi amathathu ze silisuse ixesha lokutya ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza ixesha elingaphantsi kweeyure ezintandathu.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokuphumla ntsuku zonke, xesha elo liziiyure ezilishumi elinesibini zilandelelana kwakunye nexeha lokuphumla leveki eliziiyure ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu zilandelelana ngeveki, ekufuneka, ngaphandle kokuba kuvunyelwene, ziquke umhla waCawe.
Umsebenzi othi ngamanye amaxesha asebenze ngeCawe kufuneka afumane umvuzo ophindwe kabini. Umsebenzi oqhele ukusebenza ngeCawe kufuneka ahlawulwe umvuzo wesiqhelo onesingatha. Singakho isivumelwano sexesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo kunokuba kuhlawulelwe umsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo.
Umsebenzi wasebusuku awukho mpilweni futhi ungakhokelela ezingozini. Oko ke kukuthi abasebenzi abasebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yesithandathu malanga nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka bafumane umvuzo owongeziweyo okanye ke basebenze iiyure ezimbalwa kunezo zasemini kodwa ngomvuzo olinganayo nalowo womsebenzi wasemini.
Izithuthi kufuneka zikho kodwa ke akunyanzelekanga ukuba ziphume kumqeshi.
abasebenzi abaqhele ukusebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yeshumi elinanye ebusuku nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka baxelelwe ngeengozi zempilo nezokhuseleko ezinokubahlasela ngelo xesha. Kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo ngabasebenzi bezempilo, abahlawulwa ngumqeshi. Kufuneka batshintshelwe ekusebenzeni emini ukuba ukusebenza ebusuku kubadalela ingxaki yezempilo. Zonke iziphumo zeentshukumo zokuhlolwa impilo kufuneka zigcinwe ziyimfihlo.
Abasebenzi kufuneka bayihlawulelwe nayiphi na iholide kawonke-wonke ethi ibekho phakathi evekini. Umsebenzi usebenza ngeholide kawonke-wonke kuphela ngokuthi avume ukwenza oko ze ahlawulwe ngomvuzo wesiqhelo ophindwe kabini. Iholide kawonke-wonke kungavunylwana ngumqeshi nomsebenzi ukuba kutshintshiselwane ngayo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha ukuya kufikelela kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amabini ananye zilandelelana zekhefu lonyaka okanye ke angene kwisivumelwano nomqeshi, usuku olunye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leentsuku ezisetyenziweyo okanye ke iyure ibe nye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Ikhefu kufuneka lithatyathwe kwixesha elingagqithanga kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuphela kwexesha lekhefu.
Umqeshi unokumhlawula kuphela umsebenzi endaweni yokumnika ikhefu ukuba loo msebenzi uthi awushiye loo msebenzi engazange alithabathe ikhefu abenelungelo lalo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela ikhefu lokugula elifikelela kwiiveki ezintandathu kwixesha lempangelo eliziinyanga ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu.
Kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala empangelweni umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela usuku olunye lwekhefu lokugula oluhlawulelwayo ngamashumi amabini anesithandathu eentsuku azisebenzileyo.
Umqeshi angafuna isiqinisekiso esisuka kugqirha sokuba umsebenzi lowo ubegula phambi kokuba amhlawule loo msebenzj ugule iintsuku ezimbini zilandelelana ngexesha okanye amaxesha angaphezu kwesibini kwiiveki ezisibhozo.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo angaphumla iinyanga ezifikelela kwisine zilandelelana zokuya kubeleka. Angalithabatha eli khefu nanini na ukusuka kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku ekulindeleke ukuba abeleke ngalo OKANYE ke ngosuku ugqirha okanye umzalisi athe lulungele impilo yakhe neyosana olo luseza kubelekwa. Akanakho futhi ukusebenza iiveki de zibe ntandathu emva kokuzalwa kosana lwakhe ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha okanye umzalisi uthe ukulungele ukusebenza.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo okanye oncancisayo akavumelekanga ukuba asebenze kwindawo enganobungozi kuye okanye kusana lwakhe.
Abasebenzi abasebenza ntsuku zonke banelungelo lokufumana ikhefu elihlawulelwayo lokuya kujongana neentsapho zabo eliziintsuku ezintathu ngonyaka xa bezicelela xa kuzalwa okanye kugula umntwana waloo msebenzi, okanye xa iqabane, umzali, umzali obemgcinile, umzali womzali, umntwana, umntwana obekhuliswa ngulo msebenzi, umzukulwana okanye umnakwabo okanye udad' wabo ethe wasutywa kukufa.
Umqeshi angabufuna ubungqina bokuba eli khefu bekunyanzelekile ukuba lithatyathwe.
Abaqeshi kufuneka banike abasebenzi babo abatsha iinkcukacha ngemisebenzi yabo kwakunye neemeko abaza kusebenza phantsi kwazo ngembalelwano. Oku ke kuquka ingcaciso ngalo naliphi na ibhunga elisebenza kwelo candelo loshishino ndawonye noluhlu lwazo naziphi na iimpepha ezinokuba lulutho.
usuku lokuzalwa kubasebenzi abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala.
esona sixa umsebenzi asihlawulwayo.
inani eligqibeleleyo leeyure ezisetyenziweyo ngexesha lokulinganisela, ukuba bekuvunyelwene ngoko.
imali le itsalwayo ivumelekile ngokomthetho, ngokwesivumelwano, ngokomyalelo wenkundla okanye iziphumo zongenelelo.
Imivuzo yeveki isekelwe kwinani leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Intlawulo yenyanga sisine kunye ne-1/3 kumaxesha omvuzo weveki.
kweeveki ezine, ukuba uqeshwe ixesha elingangonyaka okanye nangaphezulu.
Isaziso kufuneka sibhalwe phantsi ngaphandle kokuba sisuka kumsebenzi ongakwaziyo ukubhala.
Abasebenzi abahlala kwisakhiwo somqeshi kufuneka banikwe isaziso esiza kubanika inyanga phambi kokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi, saziso eso sibazisa ngokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi okanye ke banikwe enye indawo yokuhlala de ube umsebenzi lowo upheliswe ngokusemthethweni.
Umqeshi onikezela esi saziso akamnqandi umsebenzi ukuba aye kummangalela ngokuphelelwa kwakhe ngumsebenzi, oko ekwenza ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iLabour Relations Act okanye nangemigaqo yawo nawuphi na umthetho.
Umqeshi kufuneka ahlawule umsebenzi amgxhothileyo ngokweemfuno zomqeshi lowo intlawulo elingana neyeveki ngonyaka ngamnye kwelandelelanayo ayichithe emsebenzela.
Xa umsebenzi uphela, umsebenzi kufuneka anikwe iphetshana eliqinisekisa ukuba ukhe wasebenza apho.
Akukho mthethweni ukuqesha umntwana ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala.
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala abanakuwenza umsebenzi onganobungozi kubo okanye b enze umsebenzi omele ukwenziwa ngumntu omkhulu.
Akukho mthethweni ukunyanzelisa umntu ukuba asebenze.
asikuvumeli nangayiphi na indlela ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana njengabasebenzi okanye asivumeli mntu ukuba asetyenziswe ngokunyanzelwa.
Izivumelwano ezithatyathwe ngabasebenzi kunye nabaqeshi kwakunye nezo zithatyathwe ngumsebenzi okanye ngumqeshi ngamnye kufuneka zilandele imigaqo yalo mthetho.
UMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi angasenza isigqibo sokwahlula okanye sokususa imeko ethile engundoqo yokuphangela. Oku ke kusenokwenziwa ngokohlobo lwesicelo esifakwa ngumqeshi lowo okanye ngumbutho wabaqeshi.
Amaqumrhu olawulo kwicandelo ngalinye loshishino angenziwa ukuseka iimeko ezingundoqo zempangelo kubasebenzi kwicandelo elithile loshishino nengingqi ethile.
Lo Mthetho ukhupha igunya lokusekwa kweKomishoni Yeemeko Zempangelo ukuze icebise uMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abahloli bemicimbi yempangelo kufuneka bacebise abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabo kwimicimbi yempangelo. Bayahlola, baphande izikhalazo, bahlabe imibuzo kubantu abathile za bahlole, bakope ze bakhuphe iinkcukacha-mpepha ezithile.
Umhloli angakhupha umyalelo wokuhlonitshwa kwesigqibo esithile ngokuthi abhalele uMlawuli-Jikelele weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi, oya kuthi yena ajonge oko kubhalwe apho ze avume, atshintshe okanye arhoxise loo myalelo.
Esi sigqibo singacelelwa umngeni kwiNkundla Yemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abasebenzi akuvumelekanga ukuba baphathwe ngendlela enomkhethe ngenxa yokuba befune amalungelo abo ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho.
ukwala okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela umhloli wezempangelo okanye namphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.3342.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba wenzelwe bani lo Mthetho?
Lo Mthetho Ubophelela bonke abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngaphandle kwamalungu oMkhosi Wokhuselo Wesizwe, iQumrhu Lobuntlola Lesizwe, iQumrhu Leemfihlo loMzantsi Afrika kwakunye namavolontiya angahlawulwayo asebenzela imibutho yohlangulo.
Lo Mthetho kufuneka uhlonitshwe nokuba ezinye izigqibo sele zahlukile kuwo.
Eli candelo alibabopheleli abaphathi abakwizikhundla eziphezulu (abo banokuqesha, baluleke ze bagxothe), abasebenzi beentengiso abamsebenzi wabo ubahambisayo kwakunye nabasebenzi abasebenza iiyure ezingaphantsi kwamashumi amabini anesine ngenyanga.
kweeyure ezingamashumi amane anesihlanu ngeveki kweeyure ezilithoba ngosuku ukuba umsebenzi usebenza iintsuku ezintlanu okanye ngaphantsi ngeveki, okanye ke kweeyure ezisibhozo ngosuku ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza iintsuku ezingaphezu kwesihlanu ngeveki.
Ukuba ixesha elongezelelweyo liyadingeka, abasebenzi kufuneka bavume ukulisebenza futhi abanakusebenza iiyure ezingaphezu kwesithathu zexesha elongezelelweyo ngosuku okanye ishumi leeyure zomsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo ngeveki.
Ixesha elongezelelweyo kufuneka lihlawulelwe ngentlawulo engumvuzo opheleleyo oqhelekileyo nesiqingatha sawo okanye ke ngokwezivumelwano bafumane ixesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo.
Ukulungiswa ngendlela elula kwamaxesha okusebenza kungancokolwa ukuba kukho isivumelwano phakathi kwabaqeshi nemanyano yabasebenzi ebhalisiweyo. Umzekelo, oku kungavumela amaxesha ekulula ukuphinda atshintshwe kumzalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni emva kwexesha elithile.
Iveki yomsebenzi oxinanisiweyo: ungavuma ukusebenza ukuya kuma kwishumi elinesibini leeyure ngosuku ze usebenze iintsuku ezimbalwa ngeveki. Noku ke kungabanceda abazalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni abo emva kwexesha elithile ngokuthi bafumane iimpela-veki ezinde.
Averaging: Isivumelwano sabasebenzi nabaqeshi singawavumela amaxesha empangelo ukuba ahlanganiswe ixesha eliziinyanga ezine. Umsebenzi obotshelelwe seso sivumelwano akanakho ukusebenza ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza elingaphezu kwamashumi amane anesihlanu eeyure ngeveki kwakunye nezinye iiyure ezintlanu zomsebenzi wexesha elingaphezu kweeyure ezintlanu ngeveki ngexesha lesi sivumelwano. Isivumelwano sabaqeshi nabasebenzi sokulinganisela ixesha lokusebenza kufuneka sincokolwe kwenziwe nezigqibo ngaso minyaka le.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokutya eliyimizuzu engamashumi amathandathu emva kweeyure ezintlanu zokusebenza. Kodwa ke isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi singalinciphisa eli xesha ngemizuzu engamashumi amathathu ze silisuse ixesha lokutya ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza ixesha elingaphantsi kweeyure ezintandathu.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokuphumla ntsuku zonke, xesha elo liziiyure ezilishumi elinesibini zilandelelana kwakunye nexeha lokuphumla leveki eliziiyure ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu zilandelelana ngeveki, ekufuneka, ngaphandle kokuba kuvunyelwene, ziquke umhla waCawe.
Umsebenzi othi ngamanye amaxesha asebenze ngeCawe kufuneka afumane umvuzo ophindwe kabini. Umsebenzi oqhele ukusebenza ngeCawe kufuneka ahlawulwe umvuzo wesiqhelo onesingatha. Singakho isivumelwano sexesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo kunokuba kuhlawulelwe umsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo.
Umsebenzi wasebusuku awukho mpilweni futhi ungakhokelela ezingozini. Oko ke kukuthi abasebenzi abasebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yesithandathu malanga nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka bafumane umvuzo owongeziweyo okanye ke basebenze iiyure ezimbalwa kunezo zasemini kodwa ngomvuzo olinganayo nalowo womsebenzi wasemini.
Izithuthi kufuneka zikho kodwa ke akunyanzelekanga ukuba ziphume kumqeshi.
abasebenzi abaqhele ukusebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yeshumi elinanye ebusuku nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka baxelelwe ngeengozi zempilo nezokhuseleko ezinokubahlasela ngelo xesha. Kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo ngabasebenzi bezempilo, abahlawulwa ngumqeshi. Kufuneka batshintshelwe ekusebenzeni emini ukuba ukusebenza ebusuku kubadalela ingxaki yezempilo. Zonke iziphumo zeentshukumo zokuhlolwa impilo kufuneka zigcinwe ziyimfihlo.
Abasebenzi kufuneka bayihlawulelwe nayiphi na iholide kawonke-wonke ethi ibekho phakathi evekini. Umsebenzi usebenza ngeholide kawonke-wonke kuphela ngokuthi avume ukwenza oko ze ahlawulwe ngomvuzo wesiqhelo ophindwe kabini. Iholide kawonke-wonke kungavunylwana ngumqeshi nomsebenzi ukuba kutshintshiselwane ngayo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha ukuya kufikelela kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amabini ananye zilandelelana zekhefu lonyaka okanye ke angene kwisivumelwano nomqeshi, usuku olunye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leentsuku ezisetyenziweyo okanye ke iyure ibe nye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Ikhefu kufuneka lithatyathwe kwixesha elingagqithanga kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuphela kwexesha lekhefu.
Umqeshi unokumhlawula kuphela umsebenzi endaweni yokumnika ikhefu ukuba loo msebenzi uthi awushiye loo msebenzi engazange alithabathe ikhefu abenelungelo lalo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela ikhefu lokugula elifikelela kwiiveki ezintandathu kwixesha lempangelo eliziinyanga ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu.
Kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala empangelweni umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela usuku olunye lwekhefu lokugula oluhlawulelwayo ngamashumi amabini anesithandathu eentsuku azisebenzileyo.
Umqeshi angafuna isiqinisekiso esisuka kugqirha sokuba umsebenzi lowo ubegula phambi kokuba amhlawule loo msebenzj ugule iintsuku ezimbini zilandelelana ngexesha okanye amaxesha angaphezu kwesibini kwiiveki ezisibhozo.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo angaphumla iinyanga ezifikelela kwisine zilandelelana zokuya kubeleka. Angalithabatha eli khefu nanini na ukusuka kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku ekulindeleke ukuba abeleke ngalo OKANYE ke ngosuku ugqirha okanye umzalisi athe lulungele impilo yakhe neyosana olo luseza kubelekwa. Akanakho futhi ukusebenza iiveki de zibe ntandathu emva kokuzalwa kosana lwakhe ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha okanye umzalisi uthe ukulungele ukusebenza.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo okanye oncancisayo akavumelekanga ukuba asebenze kwindawo enganobungozi kuye okanye kusana lwakhe.
Abasebenzi abasebenza ntsuku zonke banelungelo lokufumana ikhefu elihlawulelwayo lokuya kujongana neentsapho zabo eliziintsuku ezintathu ngonyaka xa bezicelela xa kuzalwa okanye kugula umntwana waloo msebenzi, okanye xa iqabane, umzali, umzali obemgcinile, umzali womzali, umntwana, umntwana obekhuliswa ngulo msebenzi, umzukulwana okanye umnakwabo okanye udad' wabo ethe wasutywa kukufa.
Umqeshi angabufuna ubungqina bokuba eli khefu bekunyanzelekile ukuba lithatyathwe.
Abaqeshi kufuneka banike abasebenzi babo abatsha iinkcukacha ngemisebenzi yabo kwakunye neemeko abaza kusebenza phantsi kwazo ngembalelwano. Oku ke kuquka ingcaciso ngalo naliphi na ibhunga elisebenza kwelo candelo loshishino ndawonye noluhlu lwazo naziphi na iimpepha ezinokuba lulutho.
ezinegama nomsebenzi womqeshwa ixesha elisetyenziweyo imali ayihlawulwayo usuku lokuzalwa kubasebenzi abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala.
igama nedilesi yomsebenzi igama nomsebenzi walo mqeshwa ixesha lokuhlawulwa isixa somvuzo womsebenzi lowo isixa nenjongo yayo nayiphi na imali etsalwe kumvuzo womsebenzi esona sixa umsebenzi asihlawulwayo.
izinga eliqhelekileyo lomvuzo kwakunye nezinga lokuhlawulelwa ixesha elongezelelweyo inani leeyure eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza nezexesha elongezelelweyo elisetyenziweyo ngelo xesha lentlawulo inani leeyure ezisetyenziweyo ngosuku lweCawe okanye ngeholide kawonke-wonke ngelo xesha inani eligqibeleleyo leeyure ezisetyenziweyo ngexesha lokulinganisela, ukuba bekuvunyelwene ngoko.
loo msebenzi uyakuvumela oko ngembalelwano imali le itsalwayo ivumelekile ngokomthetho, ngokwesivumelwano, ngokomyalelo wenkundla okanye iziphumo zongenelelo.
Imivuzo yeveki isekelwe kwinani leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Intlawulo yenyanga sisine kunye ne-1/3 kumaxesha omvuzo weveki.
kweeveki ezine, ukuba uqeshwe ixesha elingangonyaka okanye nangaphezulu.
Isaziso kufuneka sibhalwe phantsi ngaphandle kokuba sisuka kumsebenzi ongakwaziyo ukubhala.
Abasebenzi abahlala kwisakhiwo somqeshi kufuneka banikwe isaziso esiza kubanika inyanga phambi kokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi, saziso eso sibazisa ngokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi okanye ke banikwe enye indawo yokuhlala de ube umsebenzi lowo upheliswe ngokusemthethweni.
Umqeshi onikezela esi saziso akamnqandi umsebenzi ukuba aye kummangalela ngokuphelelwa kwakhe ngumsebenzi, oko ekwenza ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iLabour Relations Act okanye nangemigaqo yawo nawuphi na umthetho.
Umqeshi kufuneka ahlawule umsebenzi amgxhothileyo ngokweemfuno zomqeshi lowo intlawulo elingana neyeveki ngonyaka ngamnye kwelandelelanayo ayichithe emsebenzela.
Xa umsebenzi uphela, umsebenzi kufuneka anikwe iphetshana eliqinisekisa ukuba ukhe wasebenza apho.
Akukho mthethweni ukuqesha umntwana ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala.
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala abanakuwenza umsebenzi onganobungozi kubo okanye b enze umsebenzi omele ukwenziwa ngumntu omkhulu.
Akukho mthethweni ukunyanzelisa umntu ukuba asebenze.
asilehlisi izinga lokhuseleko lwabasebenzi ngokwemigaqo yezempilo neyokhuseleko kwakunye noxanduva lomsebenzi ngamnye lokujongana nosapho lwakhe asilehlisi ikhefu lonyaka de libe ngaphantsi kweeveki ezimbini asilehlisi ikhefu lokuya kubeleka nangayiphi na indlela isilehlisi ikhefu lokugula nangayiphi na indlela asilehlisi izinga lokhuseleko lwabasebenzi abaphangela ebusuku asikuvumeli nangayiphi na indlela ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana njengabasebenzi okanye asivumeli mntu ukuba asetyenziswe ngokunyanzelwa.
Izivumelwano ezithatyathwe ngabasebenzi kunye nabaqeshi kwakunye nezo zithatyathwe ngumsebenzi okanye ngumqeshi ngamnye kufuneka zilandele imigaqo yalo mthetho.
UMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi angasenza isigqibo sokwahlula okanye sokususa imeko ethile engundoqo yokuphangela. Oku ke kusenokwenziwa ngokohlobo lwesicelo esifakwa ngumqeshi lowo okanye ngumbutho wabaqeshi.
Amaqumrhu olawulo kwicandelo ngalinye loshishino angenziwa ukuseka iimeko ezingundoqo zempangelo kubasebenzi kwicandelo elithile loshishino nengingqi ethile.
Lo Mthetho ukhupha igunya lokusekwa kweKomishoni Yeemeko Zempangelo ukuze icebise uMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abahloli bemicimbi yempangelo kufuneka bacebise abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabo kwimicimbi yempangelo. Bayahlola, baphande izikhalazo, bahlabe imibuzo kubantu abathile za bahlole, bakope ze bakhuphe iinkcukacha-mpepha ezithile.
Umhloli angakhupha umyalelo wokuhlonitshwa kwesigqibo esithile ngokuthi abhalele uMlawuli-Jikelele weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi, oya kuthi yena ajonge oko kubhalwe apho ze avume, atshintshe okanye arhoxise loo myalelo.
Esi sigqibo singacelelwa umngeni kwiNkundla Yemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abasebenzi akuvumelekanga ukuba baphathwe ngendlela enomkhethe ngenxa yokuba befune amalungelo abo ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho.
ukuphazamisana, ukuvalela okanye ukuzama ukukhokelela ngendlela ethile engeyiyo umhloli wezempangelo okanye namphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho ukufikelela kuxwebhu ngokuthi ulube, uxoke okanye ubonakalise uxwebhu oluyinkohliso okanye oluphinyeziweyo ukwenza ngathi ungumhloli wezempangelo okanye namphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho ukwala okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuphendula ngokugcweleyo nawuphi na umbuzo osemthethweni obuzwa ngumhloli wezempangelo okanye nanguwuphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho ukwala okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela umhloli wezempangelo okanye namphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.W.67819.67819.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu shicilelo luquka ulwazi ngeempawu, unobangela nonyango lwesifo sombefu. Lukwanikezela nangolwazi ngedlela esi sifo esigqugqisa ngayo apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Yintoni Isifo Sombefu?
Ziintoni Iimpawu Zesifo Sombefu?
Isifo Sombefu Esi Singabuchaphazela Njani Ubomi Bam/Umgangatho Wobomi Bam?
Yontoni Ebangela Ukuhlaselwa Okokuqala Sisifo Sombefu?
Singanyangeka Njani Isifo Sombefu?
Ndingalufumana Phi Olunye Ulwazi Ngesifo Sombefu?
Isifo sombefu esi sesinye sezona zifo zixhaphakileyo zemiphunga kusokoliswana nazo ehlabathini namhlanje.
Esi sifo sichaphazela malunga nomntwana omnye kwabalishumi (10%) ze abe mnye umntu omkhulu kwabangamashumi amabini (5%).
Singakuhlasela okokuqala nokuba ubudala bungakanani na, nditsho nasebudaleni.
Nangona nje isifo sombefu sisoloko sivela phambi kokuba umntu abe nesihlanu seminyaka ubudala, abambalwa abantwana abathi bachaphazeleke baya kuthi "basoyise" kwiminyaka yabo yokukhula kodwa ke sidla ngokuxhathisa xa sithe samosulela umntu ebudaleni.
Isifo sombefu sidla ngokuhlasela iintsapho njengoko zisenza ezinye izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane womungu nesifo sesikhumba esirhawuzelayo.
Asikanyangeki okwangoku esi sifo kodwa ke ukuba siyahoyakala abo bachaphazelekayo banganakho ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, besonwabela kwanokuzibandakanya kwezemidlalo nakuzo zonke ezinye iintshukumo ngokupheleleyo.
Ukukhohlela, ukukhohlela kabuhlungu, ukuminxana kwesifuba, ukungakwazi kuphefumla. Ezi mpawu ziwahlasela kakhulu nakabuhlungu amaxhoba ngexesha langokuhlwa nasemva kweentshukumo ezifana nokuzilolonga okanye ukudlala.
Iimpawu zangokuhlwa zesi sifo ziyaphazamisana nokulala. Ukuzilolonga kuphela kungagqibeki.
Kukho iintsuku zokuphangela nezesikolo apho umntu angazukukwazi ukuzimasa (ukuba nelungu losapho okanye umntwana ophila nesi sifo kukhokelela nasekubeni omnye umntu angaphangeli okanye angayi esikolweni ngenxa yokuba kufuneka enonophele elo xhoba).
Ukuhlaselwa sesi sifo kabuhlungu kwakunye neempwu zaso ziyingxaki, zinganobungozi futhi zingatya kakhulu engxoweni.
Obona bungozi besi sifo kukuba ngamanye amaxesha asibonakali ukuba sikho ze sibe nokunyangwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ixhoba laso lihlaselwe ziintlungu ebezingeyomfuneko.
Oyena nobangela wale nkqubo yesi sifo sombefu akakaqondakali kakuhle kodwa ke kusacingeleka ukuba umbefu lo ngumvuka wokungalungelani neentlobo ezithile zamavumba apho ithi imiphunga ixakane nento ethile esemoyeni.
Umkhuhlane obangelwa yintsholongwane ethile ungazenza zibe nobuzaza kakhulu okwexeshana iimpawu zesi sifo yaye oku kungathabatha ithuba elifikelela kwiiveki ezintandathu emva koku kugula.
Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kubangelwa amaxesha amaninzi kukungalungelani neentlobo ezithile zamavumba aza namangolwane othuli lwendlu, aza nengca kwakunye nalawo aza nomungu wemithi, imingxunya ebangelwa kukubola kwakunye noboya obuphuma kwizilwanyana ezinoboya ezifana neekati nezinja. Iintlobo ezithile zokutya kwakunye nezongezelelo (ngamaxesha ambalwa) nazo zikwabangela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu xa zityiwe.
Ukungcola kwwendalo, ingakumbi umsi womdiza, umsi omdaka ophuma kumbhobho weenqwelo-mafutha kwakunye neminya imimoya ephuma ekhutshelwa ngaphandle ngamachiza zingangunobangela wokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu. Nabantwana bangahlaseleka ukuba bathi basezele kwimiphunga yabo imisi yemidiza etshaywa ngabazali babo.
Imidlalo nokuzilolonga, ingakumbi ngeentsuku ezibandayo, kungakhokelela ekubeni umntu ahlaselwe sisifo sombefu. Kodwa ke ukuba sithi sinyangwe ngendlela eyiyo, esi sifo singalawuleka kakuhle futhi amaxhoba kunganganynzeleki ukuba ayeke ukudlala okanye ukuzilolonga.
Enyanisweni ke ishumi ekhulwini leembaleki ziphila nesifo sombefu.
Iimo zomzimba ezifana nokugcoba, umsindo, uloyiko nokuhleka zonke zingawongeza amathuba okuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu.
Amayeza amaninzi asetyenziswa kakhulu afana ne-aspirin kwakunye iipilisi ezithintela ukosuleleka zongangunobangela wesi sifo.
kuba kaloku angangunobangela wokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kubantu asebekhulile.
sele zikhankanyiwe ekuhlaselweni kwabantu sesi sifo.
imililo, intlaka ye-epoxy kwakunye ne-acid ye-acrylic kwakunye nee-acrylates.
Isifo sombefu asisokuze sinyangeke ngokupheleleyo akujkhathaliseki nokuba ubani uthini na, kodwa ke xa sinokuthi sinyangwe ngendlela eyiyo, amaxhoba esi sifo angaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobugqibeleleyo kwakhona.
nemibhobho yokuphefumla isebenze ngendlela eqhelekileyo ukuze zinciphe iimpawu ze kunciphe kangangoko ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuphila.
Thetha nogqirha okanye somachiza wakho. Okanye ke kungenjalo, tyelela iwebsite ye-Allergy Society of South Africa (iALLSA ngamafuphi) okanye ke iwebsite yeNational Asthma Education Programme (iNAEP ngamafuphi).
Kukho ubungqina obungathandabuzekiyo bokwenyuka kwenani labantu abanesi sifo kuzo zonke iintlanga zaseMzantsi Afrika. Kumashumi amabini anesihlanu eminyaka adlulileyo lenyuke ukusuka kumashumi amabini anesihlanu ukuya kutsho kumakhulu amabini inani labantu abamkelwe kwizibhedlele zaseThekwini naseSoweto ngenxa yokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu.
Kumashumi-shumi eminyaka, kwafunyaniswa ukuba izifo ezingumvuka wokungalungelani namavumba nezidlo ezithile aziwahlaseli kakhulu ama-Afrika. Ngokulandelisa ezangaphambili, izifundo zophando zamva-nje zidize ukuba iintsapho zamaAfrika azinambali ingako yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo yaye ngoko ke ambalwa amathuba okuba amaAfrika la ahlaselwe sesi sifo. Kodwa ke, amanye amaAfrika amaninzi anembali yokungalungelani neentlobo ezithile zamavumba nezokutya athi ahlaselwe zizifo ezikumila kunje xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iibntlanga. Ukufikelela kwasebutsheni kwiintlobo ezithile zamavumba nezidlo ezisuka kwindlela yaseNtshona yokuphila ibe negalelo kwindlela ebanzi efunyaniswe kwiintsana zama-Afrika kunezezinye izizwe. Ezi mpawu zingumvuka wokwanda kwenani labantwana abanesifo sombefu.
Izifundo zophando ezenziwe kubemi beengingqi ezisemaphandleni zaPhesheya kweNciba zifumanise ukuba ukufudukela kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nezisondele ezidolophini kukhokelela ekuphinda-phindaneni kwamathuba okukhula kweempawu zesifo sombefu ngamashumi amabini, kodwa ke esi sifo sikwakhula nakwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni.
EKapa, eThekwini naPhesheya kweNciba, ingca, amaphela kwakunye nokungalungelani neekati okanye ivumba leekati zizinto ekufunyaniswe ukuba zezona zibalulekileyo ezibangela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu, ngokulandelelana kwazo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantwana kufuneka bezifumene ezi mfuno zingundoqo kubazali okanye kwizizalwane zabo. Le nkathalo inikezelwa ngabazali okanye zizizalwane ibizwa ngokuba yinkxaso.
Abazali okanye izizalwane zixhasa abantwana ngqo, xa abantwana behlala nazo.
Abazali okanye izizalwane zixhasa abantwana ngokungathanga ngqo, xa abantwana behlala nomnye umntu, ngokuthi bahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo saboo bantwana, okanye imali ukuncedana nomntwana lowo kwanokumnika iimfuno zakhe ezingundoqo.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.10.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
Ukuba ungumzali, qinisekisa ukuba wenza igalelo ngesixa esamkelekileyo ekukhulisweni kwabantwana bakho, uhlala nabo okanye ungahlali nabo.
Usenokubanceda abantwana ngokucenga abazali abangahlawuliyo okanye abangahlawuli ngokwaneleyo, ukuba bahlawule isixa senkxaso-mali noko esinokuwenza umahluko: kuba kaloku bona abantwana basayidinga.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
ngabazali bakhe, nokuba batshatile, bayahlalisana, abahlali kunye, okanye bawuqhawula umtshato wabo, kuquka nabazaliabafumene umntwana ukuba abe lilungu elitsha lekhaya loo mntwana; kunye nabazali babazali bakhe, ukuba abazali bomntwana babetshatene.
Olu xanduva lubekwe ngumthetho lubizwa ngokuba "luxanduva lokukhulisa" okanye "uxanduva lokuxhasa".
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Apho abazali bayeka ukuhlalisana, abazali abaninzi bazithathela izigqibo ekubeni bahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo kumzali ohlala nomntwana lowo.
Abanye abazali baye bangakwazi ukumelana noxanduva lwabo olubekwe ngumthetho lokuba bajongane nomntwana wabo.
Le ndlela yenkxaso yindlela esetyenziswa ziinkundla eqinisekisa ukuba abazali bayamelana noxanduva lwabo lokujongana nabantwana babo.
INkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ingayalela umzali ongahlali nomntwana wakhe ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana ukuze umntwana wakhe akwazi ukuphila.
Le ndlela yenkxaso ke ngoko iqinisekisa ukuba abazali abangahlali nabantwana babo benza igalelo elililo nelamkelekileyo ngokwezimali ekukhulisweni nakwisondlo sabantwana babo.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.5.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Abazali abaninzi bagqiba ngokwabo ukuba umzali ongahlali nabantwana kufuneka ahlawule malini na, ngoko ke enze igalelo elinjani na ekukhulisweni komntwana wakhe.
Kusenjalo, indlela yeenkundla yokuhlawulwa kwesondlo somntwana yenzelwe iimeko apho abazali bangakwazi kufikelela ngokwabo kwizigqibo zokuba intlawulo yesondlo kufuneka ihlawulwe njani na, okanye bangakwazi kufikelela kwisixa ekufuneka sihlawuliwe.
Umzali ohlala nabantwana angaya kwinkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ayicele ukuba inyanzelise omnye umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo.
INkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ingayalela umzali ongahlali nabantwana ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana kumzali ohlala nabantwana, esenzela ukuba abantwana bakhe bakhule ngendlela eyiyo.
INkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana iya kumxelela umzali ongahlali nabantwana ukuba makahlawule malini na, nini, nokuba kufuneka ihlawulwe phi na.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.5.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umphandle > Ushicilelo > IiNkcukacha Zoluntu > Y > Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Abazali abaninzi bagqiba ngokwabo ukuba umzali ongahlali nabantwana kufuneka ahlawule malini na, ngoko ke enze igalelo elinjani na ekukhulisweni komntwana wakhe.
Kusenjalo, indlela yeenkundla yokuhlawulwa kwesondlo somntwana yenzelwe iimeko apho abazali bangakwazi kufikelela ngokwabo kwizigqibo zokuba intlawulo yesondlo kufuneka ihlawulwe njani na, okanye bangakwazi kufikelela kwisixa ekufuneka sihlawuliwe.
Umzali ohlala nabantwana angaya kwinkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ayicele ukuba inyanzelise omnye umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo.
INkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ingayalela umzali ongahlali nabantwana ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana kumzali ohlala nabantwana, esenzela ukuba abantwana bakhe bakhule ngendlela eyiyo.
INkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana iya kumxelela umzali ongahlali nabantwana ukuba makahlawule malini na, nini, nokuba kufuneka ihlawulwe phi na.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.6.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
uphinda atshate nelinye iqabane?
uthi azimanye nelinye iqabane ngeqhina lothando?
akandivumeli ukuba ndibabone abantwana bam?
Ilungelo labantwana bakho lokufumana iimfuno zabo ezingundoqo alinanto yakwenza nokuba ucinga ukuba omnye umzali wabo uziphethe njani na.
Abantwana bakho basayidinga inkxaso, futhi wena kusafuneka uyihlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abo, nokuba umzali ohlala nabo uthi aphinde atshate okanye azibandakanye nelinye iqabane eluthandweni.
Kwakhona, abantwana bakho kusafuneka, beyifumene inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabo nokuba awukwazi kubabona. Uxanduva lwakho lokubondla ubakhulise lahluke ngokupheleleyo kwilungelo labo lokukubona. Uxanduva lwakho lokuhlawula alixhomekekanga tu ekubeni unakho na ukubabona okanye hayi.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.7.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Uxanduva lomzali lokubonelela abantwana bakhe ngenkxaso-mali yesondlo luyaqhubekeka nokuba umzali ohlala nabantwana unabo abanye abantwana.
Ukuba umzali ongahlali nabantwana ukhathazekile yintlalo-ntle yabo bantwana, kusalindeleke ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo, noxa enelungelo lokufaka isikhalazo kwabasemagunyeni kwezentlalo-ntle okanye afake isicelo kwinkundla sokuba abantwana abo abanikwe bahlale naye.
Ukuba umzali ongahlali nabantwana unabo yena abanye abantwana, kusalindelike futhi ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana bakhe angahlali nabo.
Kusalindeleke ayihlawule futhi inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukuba kungoku nje sele ehlala nelinye iqabane kwanabantwana belo qabane.
Kodwa ke, kungakho nje utshintsho kwisixa senkxaso-mali ekulindeleke ukuba loo mzali asihlawule ukuba unabo abanye abantwana abangabakhe.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.8.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
INkundla yenkxaso-mali okanye igosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana enkundleni liya kunceda ekubaleni kuya kufuneka kuhlawulwe malini na njengenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana.
Ngokwesiqhelo, inkundla iqala ibale ukuba abantwana badinga malini na kwinkxaso yabo (oko ke kukuthi, ukubabonelela ngokutya, indawo yokuhlala, nokunye).
INkundla iya kuthi ke ibone ukuba umzali ngamnye wenza igalelo elaneleyo nelamkelekileyo kwezo mfuno, ngokwesiqhelo ke, ngokubayalela ukuba bafake igalelo elibalwe ngokomvuzo womzali ngamnye.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.Y.17473.9.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
ukuba iintlawulo zesikolo azihlawulwa, banokungakwazi ukuya esikolweni.
Ngamanye amaxesha umzali ohlala nabantwana kuya kufuneka ukuba ahambe aye kufuna umsebenzi ukuze akwazi ukubonelela abantwana ngononophelo okanye akwazi ukuba liliso kubo ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Public_info.q.81134.81134.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana linikezela ngolwazi kubazali kwimiba yokugonyelwa imasisi nepoliyo. Lakhutshwa njengengxenye yePhulo Lokugonya elaliqhutywa ukusukela kwinyanga yeKhala ukuya kweyoMsintsi ku-2004.
Imasisi le sesona sifo sinobuzaza kuzo zonke izifo ezithi zihlasele abantwana. Uphawu lokuqala ngumkhuhlane okwizinga eliphezulu olandelwa yirhwashalala erhawuzelayo emzimbeni wonke. Lo mkhuhlane ukwalandelwa kukukhohlela, iimpumlo ezivuzayo kwakunye namehlo abomvu. Imasisi le ingabangela ezinye izifo ezinobuzaza, ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga, ukungaboni nokusweleka.
Ibangelwa yintoni imasisi le yona?
Imasisi ibangelwa ligciwane elincinci yintsholongwane yemasisi. Ayibonakali ngeliso lenyama. Isasazeka xa umntwana ophila nemasisi ekhohlela okanye ethimla. Abantwana abakhe banayo imasisi abaphindi babe nayo okwesibini. Abantwana abaninzi abayigonyelwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo imasisi abayi kuhlaselwa yiyo.
Kutheni isisifo enobuzaza nje imasisi?
Abantwana abaselula, abathi bayoyise imasisi le baye baye baqhokrwe sesi sifo yaye bangathi ekuhambeni kwexesha babulawe kukungondleki okanye zezinye izifo. Imasisi le ikwayenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo nokungaboni. Ikota yabo bonke bonke abantwana abathi babulawa yimasisi basutywe kukufa bebudala bungaphantsi konyaka. Imasisi kubantwana abadadlana kunoku ivela kuphela njengokugqabhuka kwesi sifo, xa amaqela amaninzi abantwana bethi bahlaselwe sesi sifo ngaxesha-nye.
Umngcipheko wokugqabhuka kwesifo imasisi uba mkhulu xa amaqela abantwana ehlangana kunye umzekelo kumakhaya agcina iintsana, kumaziko anonophela iintsana nasezikolweni.
Ingaba kubalulekile na ukugonya abantwana kumaphulo okunqanda esi sifo?
Ewe - KUBALULEKILE ukusa abantwana kwiinaliti EZIZEZINYE ngexesha lephulo lokunqanda ukugqabhuka kwesi sifo. Abantwana abathi baphosane neli phulo lokunqanda imasisi banokungakhuseleki ngokugqibeleleyo kule ntsholongwane yemasisi.
Ndive ukuba abazali okanye abantu abagcina abantwana kufuneka baye kutyikitya iphetshana elinikezela imvume yokufakwa kwale naliti yesibini ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe nokuyigonyelwa okweisibini. Ingaba yinyaniso le?
Ukuba umntwana lowo uza kugonyelwa esikolweni okanye kwikhaya eligcina linonophele iintsana okanye isikolo apho umzali angekhoyo ngexesha lolu gonyo, kuya kunikezelwa ngephetshana elifuna ukugcwaliswa ngemvume yomzali okanye umgcini-mntwana ngaphambi kolo gonyo. Eli xesha ke lithuba lokunika abazali ulwazi olupheleleyo ngale naliti yesibini yokukhusela umntwana kwimasisi.
Kule meko ke, ukuba uthi uluvumele olu gonyo, nceda ugcwalise ze utyikitye ze uyibuyisele kwakhona kweli ziko okanye kwesi sikolo. Umntwana lowo wakho ke uya kuthi alufumane ugonyo olo ukuba elo phepha lemvume lityikityiwe ze labuyiswa kwangethuba!
Ukuba uthi use umntwana kwiziko logonyo ngethuba leli phulo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ugcwalise eli phetshana linikezela ngemvume.
Ipoliyo le sisifo esikhubazayo. Ibangelwa ligciwane elincinci kakhulu elibizwa ngokuba yintsholongwane yepoliyo. Ipoliyo le ingakhokelela ekuqhwaleleni isigxina, ukukhubazeka ze ekugqibeleni ikubulale. Nnenxa ke yolu gonyo lwenziwa ngamaxesha athile ebuntwaneni, apoliyo leikhe ayabonakala apha eMzantsi Afrika ukususela ngo-1989. Noko kunjalo kebekukhe kwakho ugqabhuko lwesi sifo kumazwe angabamelwane.
Ndingayinakana njani ipoliyo emntwaneni?
Ipoliyo le ingakrokreleka xa kuthe ngesiquphe umlenze okanye ingalo okanye amanye amalungu omzimba aphelelwa ngamandla okanye awakwazi ukusebenza. Oku kungasebenzi kumele ukuba akuzange kubekho ekuzalweni kwakho. Ukuba umntu lowo wayonzakele ngaphambi nje kakade phambi koku kungasebenzi okanye umntu lowo unembali yokungazinzi entloko, ambalwa amathuba okuba kuthi yipoliyo imbangi yoko kungasebenzi.
Nceda unikezele ingxelo nangayiphi na imeko yokungasebenzi okanye ukukhubazeka kwamalungu omzimba womntwana ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu ubudala (okungabangelwanga kukonzakala), kweyona klinikhi, sibhedlele okanye gqirha ukufutshane ukuze kwenziwe uphando. Kusenokuba yipoliyo!
Kutheni sinamaphulo awodwa okugonyela ipoliyo?
Senzeka ukugonya KABINI ngaphezu kolo lokuqala ugonyo kwelona nani labantwana likhulu, NGAXESHA-NYE. Oku ke kuthintela le ntsholongwane yepoliyo ekubeni isasazeke apha ebantwaneni.
Abantu bayathetha ngokupheliswa kwepoliyo, kuthetha ntoni oko?
uMzantsi Afrika uthabatha inxaxheba kwiinzame zokuphelisa ipoliyo kwihlabathi jikelele. Oku kuthetha ukuba le ntsholongwane iya kupheliswa nya kwihlabathi ngokubanzi. Xa le ntsholongwane yepoliyo ingasaphili, akuyi kuba yimfuneko ukuba abantwana bafumane ukugonyelwa ipoliyo.
Ingaba kubalulekile ukusa abantwana kumjikelo wokuqala nowesibini wephulo lokugonyela ipoliyo?
Ewe - KUBALULEKILE ukusa abantwana kumjikelo wokuqala KWANALOWO wesibini weli phulo lokugonyela ipoliyo, nokuba umntwana lowo ebekufumana kakuhle ukugonyelwa ipoliyo ngaphambili. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhuseleka kwabantwana kule ntsholongwane yepoliyo, amathontsi epoliyo kufuneka anikezelwe KABINI. Abantwana abathi bawuphose umjikelo wesibini abayi kukhuseleka ngokugqibeleleyo kule ntsholongwane yepoliyo.
Kwilizwe jikelele, iintsuku zokuqala zala maphulo ku-2004 ziya kuba ngumhla wama- 26 kwinyanga yeKhala (ezepoliyo nemasisi); ze ibe ngumhla wama-kweyeThupha (eyepoliyo kuphela). Ixesha eliza kuthatyathwa ngala maphulo liya kwahluka ngokwephondo.
Kutheni sinamaphulo okugonyela ipoliyo nemasisi nepoliyo nje?
Ukenzela ukuba sikwazi ukwenza olunye ugonyo lwemasisi nepoliyo ebantwaneni kangangoko sinakho, NGAXESHA-NYE. Oku ke kuthintela le ntsholongwane yepoliyo ukuba isasazeke ebantwaneni.
Kutheni lo mgonyo wongezelelekileyo wemasisi nepoliyo yenzelwe amaqela abantwana abakwiminyaka ethile kuphela nje?
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala lelona qela labantwana lihlaselwa kakhulu yimasisi nepoliyo ze badlulisele kwabanye le ntsholongwane.
Ingaba olu gonyo lwangeziweyo lwemasisi nepoliyo lwenzelwe kuphela abantwana abangazange bazigonyelwe ezi zifo ngaphambilil?
Akunjalo! Bonke abantwana ababudala busukela lkusuku lokubeleka ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu bathi bafumane olu gonyo lwamaphulo ANGEZIWEYO okugonya.
Ingaba kufuneka ndiye phi ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wam akakuphosi ukugonywa kwixesha elizayo?
Thetha nomongikazi weklinikhi yakho, iinkokheli zasekuhlaleni kwakunye nabaqeshi ngeli phulo. Khangela okanye ujonge amaphetshana azisa ngogonyo kwanezibhengezo kunomathotholo eziya kwalathisa indlela eya kwisikhululo sogonyo.
Kuya kuthi kwenziwa iinzame ezizezinye ukusondeza iindawo ekwenziwa kuzo olu gonyo emakhayeni enu ngexesha leli phulo. Usenakho nokuya kwiklinikhi ekufutshane nawe. Amaqela agonyayo aya kutyelela amaziko ononophelo lwempilo asemini, amakhaya anonophela iintsana ndawonye nezikolo ngexesha leli phulo.
Ingaba kufuneka ndize nekhadi logonyo lomntwana wam?
Kunjalo, nceda uze nalo. Kubalulekile ukusoloko usiza nekhadi lakho nelomntwana wakho logonyo xa usiya eklinikhi okanye kugqirha. La makhadi ke asenokujongwa ngexesha lomnye wale mijikelo yogonyo. Kodwa ke nokuba kunokuthi kanti umntwana wakho ulilahlile elakhe okanye akazange abe nalo, nceda umse kugonyo.
Yintoni endiza kuyifumana kwindawo yogonyo?
Uya kubuzwa ukuba umntwana lowo ukwelo qela lifunwayo lobudala na. Njengokuba umphethe umntwana wakho, umntwana lowo uya kunikwa amathontsi abe mabini ze aphinde anikwe amanye ukuba uthi awatshice la wokuqala. Inaliti eyongezelelweyo yokugonyela imasisi iya kunikwa abantwana ababudala busukela kwiinyanga ezilithoba ukuya ngaphantsi nje kweminyaka emihlanu, ze kwangolo suku banikwe nala mathontsi okuthintela ipoliyo.
Ingaba umntwana angalufumana ugonyo?
Ewe, bonke abantwana bangalufumana ugonyo nokuba sele benomkhuhlane, ukhohlo-khohllo, isifo sorhudo, ukungondleki okanye nasiphi na isigulo.
Ukuba ungathanda ukuncedisa ekuphelisweni kwemasisi nepoliyo eMzantsi Afrika, nantsi indlela onokwenza ngayo oko okanye yokuzimanya.
Qhagamshelana neyona klinikhi yakho ikufutshane ze uthethe nayo. Kuya kubakho umongikazi oya kube ejongene nesi sikhululo sokugonya ngexesha lephulo lokugonya. AMAVOLONTIYA aya kunikwa imisebenzi.
Xelela wonke umntu ngeli phulo ze uqinisekise ukuba bayabazisa abantwana babo.
Amaphulo okugonyela imasisis nepoliyo ngamathuba okuzibandakanya kwiinzame zokuqinisekisa ukuba sempilweni kwabantwana bakho kwanekamva labo!
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Publications.guidelines_manuals_and_instructions.U.92743.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ulawulo Lwezibonelelo Zoluntu zingayo yonke imiba engabasebenzi bakho, ukusuka ekubatsaleleni ukuba babe ngabasebenzi bakho ukuya kuma kwizikhalazo nokupheliswa kwempangelo.
Mangaphi amaxesha okhe uve amashishini esithi eyona mpahla yawo ibalulekileyo ngabasebenzi Ngokubanzi, oku ke kuyinyaniso, kodwa ke uyikhuthaza njani le mpahla ukuze iqhubekeke zifaka igalelo elinexabiso kwishishini lakho?
Imivuzo neentlawulo ozinika abasebenzi bakho kufuneka zibe semgangathweni. Kufuneka wazi ukuba ishishini lakho lingakwazi ukuhlawula kangakanani na nokuba imigangatho yeentlawulo nemivuzo kwicandelo lamashishini afana nelo lakho ime phi na. Ukuba akukwazi kuhlawula njengoko amashishini okhuphisana nawo esenza, kufuneka ubanike ezinye iindlela zokubakhuthaza abasebenzi bakho ezisekelwe kwingeniso yeshishini elo.
Kufuneka ube nesibhambathiso sengqesho esibhalwer phantsi kuye wonke umsebenzi wakho, futhi kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba bayayiqonda imithetho yomsebenzi wabo.
nokungaphangeli intlawulo yokugula ukungasebenzi ngokwemnigangatho elindelekileyo iinkqubo zezikhalazo.
Nika ingqawalasela kumba wokuba kunokwenzeka ntoni na ukuba umntu othile obalulekileyo kwishishini lakho unokuthi ngesiquphe angabi nakukwazi ukuphangela ixesha elide. Ukuba oku kunokuba yintlekele, kufuneka ukhusele ishishini lakho kwiimeko zokungabi nakufumana iingeniso ezithile, ukuze ube nokuhlala ushishina ngesiqhelo de abuye loo mntu okanye ke ungaqeqesha omnye umntu endaweni yalowo.
Izibonelelo zoluntu licandelo elidinga izakhono ezisemgathweni, ngokuya likhula ishishini lakho, nezibonelelo zakho zoluntu ziya kuphuhla. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi xa kulixesha lokufumanela ishishini lakho uqeqesho olusemgangathweni lweZibonelelo Zoluntu. Xa ishishini lifikelela kwinqanaba elithile ngokobukhulu, usenokubona kunyanzelekile ukuba uqeshe uMphathi wezibonelelo zoluntu.
Ukuba ishishini lakho lifikelela kwimeko apho kufuneka abasebenzi bephulukene nemisebenzi yabo okanye ishishini lona buqu lisemngciphekweni wokufa, futhi inokubaonakaliswa ukuba ukuba oku kuthi kwnezeke, kuya kuchaphazela amashishini aloo ngingqi, loo mmandla okanye elo candela loshishino kwisizwe sonke, ungathi ufake isicelo senkxaso-mali kurhulumente, ncedo olo lubizwa njenge-Ngxowa-mali Yocwangciso Loluntu.
Olu ncedo luquka iinkcukacha neenkonzo kubasebenzi abadendiweyo nabaqeshi. Injongo yezo nkcukacha kukuzama ukubuyisela abasebenzi abadendiweyo kwingqesho.
Oku kulungele kakhulu amashishini amakhulu okanye iintlobo zamashishini ezifana nezempahla enxitywayo, ezezimbiwa okanye ezoqhagamshelwano ngobugcisa beminxeba apho abasebenzi banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokudendwa xa uqoqosho lwehlabathi luchaphazela elo shishini kabuhlungu ngamandla.
Kusenjalo, kubalulekile ukuba wazi ngeNgxowa-mali Yocwangciso Loluntu, nokuba sele uneshishinana elincinci.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Publications.guidelines_manuals_and_instructions.U.92944.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izicwangciso ngekamva leshishini lakho.
Ukuba akujongi ngaphambili, kunokubakho iziganeko eziza kuwe onokungakwazi ukumelana nazo. Xa oku kusenzeka, ingxaki uphela uyithatha ngenye indlela engayilungelanga endaweni yokujongana nayo ngendlela epholileyo nelungele ingxaki efana naleyo. Iingxaki ezininzi zoshishino zingasonjululwa ukuba unokunciphisa ukuza kweengxaki ube ungazilindelanga.
Ukujongana nengxaki sele ikho ungayilindelanga endaweni yokuba nesicwangciso esiphangaleleyo kwangexesha kungakhokelela kwizigqibo ezingalilungelanga ishishini nezinokulibulala ishishini lakho kwisithuba esisezayo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko yoshishino ungathanda ukuba kwimeko apho unokuwasebenzisa amathuba avelayo, ungabi semva uzamana nokusombulula iingxaki ezadlulayo ongazange umelane nazo ngela xesha zazisavela nezazinokuthintelwa ngokuthi ucwangcisele ishishini lakho ngendlela eyiyo.
Ingaba kufuneka zenziwe emva kwexesha elingakanani izicwangciso zoshishino?
Ngokubanzi, ucvwangciso loshishino yinto eqhubekekayo. Le nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe phambi kokuqala kwenyanga nganye.
Ingaba ishishini ngalinye lizenza njani izicwangciso?
Bhala phsntsi ukuba ufuna iintengiso zakho zime phj na ngenyanga kunye nezinye iinjongo odinga ukuzizuza ukuze uphucule ishishini lakho.
Xa oku sele kudwelisiwe, futhi nenyanga iphelile, ungathelekisa ukuba uzizuzile na ezi ntengiso nezinye iinjongo ekupheleni kwenyanga nganye.
Kungenzeka njsni ukuba ndikhokele kuhlobo lweshishini lam, nokuba sele ndilishishini elisakhasayo?
Nokuba sele ulishishini elincinci kangakanani na, kungumbono omhle ukuhlola iintshukumo zakho zonyaka kwicandelo loshishino okulo, ze ujonge nokuba linempumelelo kangakanani na ishishini lakho unyaka nonyaka, leliphi icebo elisebenzileyo nokuba kufuneka kutshintshe ntoni na.
Ungalwenza olu hlolo namanye amalungu abasebenzi okanye umcebisi oyingcali kwicandelo leshishini lakho. Ukufumana ulwazi olubanzi ukusuka ekuqaleni kokusebenza kweshishini lakho kululutho futhi kunceda ekukunikeni iingcinga ngekamva leshishini lakho ebezingenakuza xa ubuqhuba nje ishishini lakho njengesiqhelo. Uhlolo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye ngumsebenzi onzima kodwa kumaxesha amaninzi luza amathuba. Oku kuyinyaniso kakhulu ukuba unqwenela ukulikhulisa ishishini lakho, okanye ulinwenwisele nakumazwe angaphandle.
Umzekelo: Yintoni iminqweno yakho ngokwabasebenzi?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izicwangciso ngabasebenzi obadingayo - kwenzeka ntoni ukuba abona basebenzi bakho babalulekileyo bathi bahlaselwe kukugula okanye bakushiye, ingaba ishishini lakho lingakwazi ukuqhubekeka lisebenza xa kungekabikho mntu wokungena endaweni yalowo ungekhoyo kwisikhundla esibalulekileyo Kwakhona, kungakuthabatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana umntu onezakhono ezifanele eso sithuba - oku kuba njalo ingakumbi xa izithuba ezo zifuna abasebenzi abaziincutshe kwimisebenzi yabo?
Kukwafuneka wazi apho unokumelana neendleko zokuqesha abanye abasebenzi nokuba ungakwazi ukubahlawula malini na.
Imali yokusebenza ziimali ezikhoyo kwishishini lakho ukumelana neendleko zemihla ngemihla ngelixa kusetyenzwa njengesiqhelo, ingakumbi ukuba uhlawulwa emva kokuba umsebenzi uqoshelisiwe kunokuhlawulwa ngenyanga nganye. Kumanye amashishini, ingakumbi kumashishini asakhasayo, kubalulekile ukuxoxa nabathengi bakho ukuba bazahlule iintlawulo (umzekelo, uhlawulwe ishumi leepesenti ekuqaleni, amashumi amathathu eepesenti wakugqiba isiqendu sokuqala selo phulo ze intsalela uyifumane xa iphulo uliqpshelise lonke). Oku kukunceda ekubeni nemalana yokuqhuba uhlawule neendleko zomsebenzi ekufuneka uwenzile.
Kufuneka wazi xa iintengiso zihamba kancinci kwishishini lakho. Kuba kaloku kumanye amashishini, oku kunokuba ngeenyanga zasebusika, kumanye ixesha lasebusika linokuba lelona loshishino. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyahlala kushishino - futhi uchume - minyaka le, kuya kufuneka wazi iindlela eziqhuba ngayo iintengiso zakho phakathi enyakeni, ukuze ube nokuwalindela uxhobile nawaphi na amaxesha xa isehla imali engenayo kunaleyo yesiqhelo isuka kwiintengiso (ukuhla nokwenyuka kweentengiso). Ukuba oku akwenziwanga ngendlela efanelekileyo, ishishini aliyi kuba nakho ukuhlawula amatyala alo futhi liya kuba semngciphekweni. Ukuba uzicwangcisa ngendlela eyiyo iintengiso zakho, ukuhla nokwenyuka kwazo, uya kuba nayo imali eya kukunceda kwiinyanga ezinzima.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Publications.policies.U.99328.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Emva kweminyaka emihlanu yokusebenzisana namanye amaqumrhu noluntu, iKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni iwuqoshelisile uMgaqo-nkqubo Weelwimi waseNtshona Koloni, ongowohlobo lokuqala eMzantsi Afrika. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uya kunceda ekudalweni kombono weKhaya Lethu Sonke kweli phondo ngokuqinisekisa ukulingana ngokwesimo nangokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo: osoBhulu, isiNgesi nesiXhosa. Ukwaxhasa ze uphakamise ulwimi lwabantu abangevayo lwaseMzantsi Afrika, olwamaKhoi nolwaBathwa kwakunye nezinye iilwimi zoMzantsi Afrika ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo wawiswa yipalamente yephondo ngenyanga yeSilimela ngo-2004.
Uqulunqwe yiKomiti yeeLwimi yaseNtshona Koloni, ibhodi egunyaziswe ngurhulumente wephondo laseNtshona Koloni.
Ukuphuhlisa izibonelelo zokusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokuxhasa nangokwenza ukuba kubenakho ukuqeqeshwa iingcali zolwimi.
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni zePhondo sisiBhulu, isiXhosa nesiNgesi. Ezi lwimi zingasetyenziswa kwiingxoxo nakwezinye iinkqubo zePalamente neekomiti zayo zePhondo laseNtshona Koloni. IPalamente yaseNtshona Koloni mayenze amalungiselelo eenkonzo zokutolika nokutolikela kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha lengxoxo kwiPalamente yePhondo nakuzo naziphi iikomiti zayo. Makwenziwe amalungiselelo okutolikela kulwimi lokuthetha ngezandla apho kukho imfuneko.
Ingxelo yaseburhulumenteni yeengxoxo zePalamente yePhondo mayigcinwe ngolwimi lwaseburhulumenteni ebekuxoxwa ngalo. Inguqulelo yawo nawaphi amacandelo engxelo eguqulelwe kulo naluphi ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni, malwenziwe nguSosiba wePalamente yePhondo, ngexesha elamkelekileyo emva kwengxoxo.
Lonke uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezigqibo zaseburhulumenteni zePalamente yePhondo neekomiti mazibekho kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente ingenza amalungiselelo okuba uwiso-mthetho, iingxelo nezisombululo zaseburhulumenteni zenziwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni zize zenziwe zibekho nakwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni ngexesha elamkelekileyo.
Umthetho oyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo mawuthi usaziswa ube ubhalwe ngeelwimi zaseburhulumenteni ezimbini ubuncinane. Makusekwe inkqubo yokubolekisana ngokulinganayo kwiilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zephondo. USosiba wePalamente makagcine irejista kwindawo enye ukuze kulawulwe ukubolekisana kwimiqulu yemithetho eyilwayo owaziswa kwiPalamente yePhondo.
Isaziso sengxoxo okanye isaziso esingafuni kuxoxwa kwiPalamente yePhondo masenziwe sibekho ngazo zontathu iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni. IPalamente yePhondo ingenza amalungiselelo okuba isaziso sengxoxo sibhalwe ngolwimi olunye lwaseburhulumenteni, uguqulelo lolwimi lubekho emva kwexesha elamkelekileyo kwezinye iilwimi ezimbini zaseburhulumenteni.
Zonke izaziso nezibhengezo zaseburhulumenteni ezipapashwa kwiGazethi yePhondo nguRhulumente wePhondo mazishicilelwe ngesiBhulu, isiXhosa. nesiNgesi. Xa zishicilelwa kwamanye amaphephandaba, kwanele ukushicilela la maxwebhu, izaziso nezibhengezo ngolwimi elingalo iphephandaba ekupapashwa kulo. Ukuba akukho phephandaba lishicilelwa ngolwimi oluthile, ezi zaziso okanye izibhengezo mazishicilelwe ngolo lwimi lwaseburhulumenteni kwelinye iphephandaba.
Naliphi ilungu okanye iziko lephondo okanye urhulumente wengingqi kunxibelelwano olubhaliweyo nolungabhalwanga lalo noluntu, nasekunikeni kwalo iinkonzo zoluntu, maliqinisekise ukuba oku kwenziwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, ngoncedo lweetoliki nabaguquleli beelwimi, nezinye iindlela zobugcisa ezinjengokupapashwa kwenkqubo ekumabonakude ngolunye ulwimi kunomathotholo nokubhala inguqulelo yokuthethwayo kumabonakude, nakuluphi olunye lweelwimi zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni, oku kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zelungu okanye amalungu abahlali babo.
ukusebenzisa naluphi kwezi lwimi zintathu zaseburhulumenteni kunxibelelwano lwalo naliphi iziko lePhondo okanye uRhulumente wengingqi, ze kuncedwe nangaluphi na olunye lweelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni kumaziko ePhondo naworhulumente weNgingqi apho kukho imfuneko ebonakalayo yonxibelelwano neenkonzo ngolo lwimi okuxhomekeke kwiimfuno nokukhethwa luluntu, kungalindelwa ukuba iziko elichaphazelekayo linxibelelane kwaye linike iinkonzo ngolo lwimi, oku kuya kwenziwa ngokwemiqathango yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi weMfundo kaZwelonke.
Kumbandela wonxibelelwano olubhaliweyo phakathi kukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi nabemi, ulwimi olukhethwa ngabahlali luya kusetyenziswa. Ukuba uRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi uqala unxibelelwano, ulwimi lwabahlali abancedwayo, njengomthetho luya kuqinisekisa iilwimi eziya kusetyenziswa. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kuphicotho lokuthethwa kolwimi (language audit) oluthi lwenziwe ngamaxesha athile, ushicilelo lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi luya kukhutshwa ngolwimi okanye ngeelwimi zabemi abancedwayo.
Unxibelelwano lukaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi namazwe aphesheya luya kuba ngesiNgesi okanye ngolwimi olukhethwa lilizwe elichaphazelekayo.
Amaqela karhulumente wephondo nawengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi ezisetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi kwisebe, naphakathi kwalo namanye amasebe, makubekho umthetho-siseko oqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu uya kuthintelwa ekusebenziseni ulwimi alukhethayo, nangaliphi ixesha.
Amaqumrhu karhulumente wephondo nowengingqi makavumelane kumasebe awo awohlukileyo ngeelwimi eziya kusetyenziswa kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi olubhaliweyo nonxibelelwano ngekhompyutha, kwisebe naphakathi kwamasebe, xa zonke iinzame ezenziweyo zenziwe ngendlela eya kwenza zihlangabezane nomgaqo osekelwe ukusetyenziswa kolwimi.
Oorhulumente beengingqi mabaqaphele ukuba ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nokukhethwa ngabemi babo ngokwemiqathango yomgaqo-nkqubo wolwimi wephondo onika ithuba lokusebenzisa ulwimi.
Ekuqinisekiseni ukusetyenziswa kolwimi nezinto ezikhethwa ngabemi, oorhulumente bengingqi, kufuneka bathethane nabemi bendawo leyo iphantsi kwabo, bekwaphuhlisa, bephumeza, kananjalo bapapashe imigaqo-nkqubo yeelwimi.
URhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi baya kukhuthaza bacebise amashishini abucala ukuba aphuhlise kwaye aphumeze imigaqo-nkqubo yawo yeelwimi evumelana nenkqubo yoMgaqo-nkqubo woLwimi wePhondo, bawaxhase kananjalo ekwenzeni oko.
Urhulumente wephondo noorhulumente beengingqi baya kwenza imigudu yokuphuhlisa ezona lwimi zibalulekileyo kurhwebo nokhenketho, umzekelo isiJamane, isiFrentshi, isiJapani njalo njalo. Urhulumente wephondo norhulumente weengingqi uya kucebisa imibutho engeyo karhulumente ekwenzeni oko, umzekelo ukucwangcisa nokuqulunqa umgaqo-nkqubo.
Apho iqumrhu okanye iziko likarhulumente wephondo okanye weengingqi zisebizisa iibhodi ukwalatha ii-ofisi okanye iindawo zalo ezenza izinto ezithile, ezo bhodi zalathayo mazibhalwe ngeelwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni zaseNtshona Koloni. Makusetyenziswe iilwimi ezintathu zaseburhulumenteni ngokulinganayo kwiimpawu ezalatha indlela ezingeyo nxalenye yezo ze-RTRN. Kumbandela wamagama ezitalato zengingqi, makuthathelwe ingqalelo abemi bengingqi. Izakhiwo ezithile zikarhulumente wenginqqi njengee-ofisi zikamasipala, iikliniki zempilo namathala eencwadi ziya kwalathwa ngeelwimi ezintathu ngawo onke amaxesha.
xa kuthethwa ngoRhulumente wePhondo kuthethwa ngemisebenzi yesigqeba, yowiso-mthetho, yokujongana nomthetho neenkundla kwakunye nolawulo lukarhulumente ephondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Publiccompany.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Inkampani yoluntu liqumrhu elinomnikazi oluluntu kwaye inabalawuli abasixhenxe ubuncinane. Ekupheleni kwegama lenkampani kubhalwa igama elithi "Limited".
Uluntu lunikwa izabelo.
Nangona nje kungekho siqingqo sothintelo malunga nenani ekufanele bangagqithi kulo abanikazi bezabelo, aba bantu kufuneka babesixhenxe ubuncinane.
Ekupheleni kwegama lenkampani kubhalwa igama elithi "Limited".
Le nkampani kufuneka yenze ukuba inkcazelo ethile ifumaneke kuluntu.
Olu hlobo lweshishini ludla ngokudinga ukutyalwa kweemali ezinkulu.
Abalawuli babini ubuncinane.
Fumana iifom ezifanelekileyo zezicelo kwiSebe.
Hlawula imali ebekiweyo.
UBhaliso lungathabatha iintsuku ezintlanu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.guides.u.92944.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izicwangciso ngekamva leshishini lakho.
Ukuba akujongi ngaphambili, kunokubakho iziganeko eziza kuwe onokungakwazi ukumelana nazo. Xa oku kusenzeka, ingxaki uphela uyithatha ngenye indlela engayilungelanga endaweni yokujongana nayo ngendlela epholileyo nelungele ingxaki efana naleyo. Iingxaki ezininzi zoshishino zingasonjululwa ukuba unokunciphisa ukuza kweengxaki ube ungazilindelanga.
Ukujongana nengxaki sele ikho ungayilindelanga endaweni yokuba nesicwangciso esiphangaleleyo kwangexesha kungakhokelela kwizigqibo ezingalilungelanga ishishini nezinokulibulala ishishini lakho kwisithuba esisezayo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko yoshishino ungathanda ukuba kwimeko apho unokuwasebenzisa amathuba avelayo, ungabi semva uzamana nokusombulula iingxaki ezadlulayo ongazange umelane nazo ngela xesha zazisavela nezazinokuthintelwa ngokuthi ucwangcisele ishishini lakho ngendlela eyiyo.
Ingaba kufuneka zenziwe emva kwexesha elingakanani izicwangciso zoshishino?
Ngokubanzi, ucvwangciso loshishino yinto eqhubekekayo. Le nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe phambi kokuqala kwenyanga nganye.
Ingaba ishishini ngalinye lizenza njani izicwangciso?
Bhala phsntsi ukuba ufuna iintengiso zakho zime phj na ngenyanga kunye nezinye iinjongo odinga ukuzizuza ukuze uphucule ishishini lakho.
Xa oku sele kudwelisiwe, futhi nenyanga iphelile, ungathelekisa ukuba uzizuzile na ezi ntengiso nezinye iinjongo ekupheleni kwenyanga nganye.
Nokuba sele ulishishini elincinci kangakanani na, kungumbono omhle ukuhlola iintshukumo zakho zonyaka kwicandelo loshishino okulo, ze ujonge nokuba linempumelelo kangakanani na ishishini lakho unyaka nonyaka, leliphi icebo elisebenzileyo nokuba kufuneka kutshintshe ntoni na.
Ungalwenza olu hlolo namanye amalungu abasebenzi okanye umcebisi oyingcali kwicandelo leshishini lakho. Ukufumana ulwazi olubanzi ukusuka ekuqaleni kokusebenza kweshishini lakho kululutho futhi kunceda ekukunikeni iingcinga ngekamva leshishini lakho ebezingenakuza xa ubuqhuba nje ishishini lakho njengesiqhelo. Uhlolo ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye ngumsebenzi onzima kodwa kumaxesha amaninzi luza amathuba. Oku kuyinyaniso kakhulu ukuba unqwenela ukulikhulisa ishishini lakho, okanye ulinwenwisele nakumazwe angaphandle.
Umzekelo: Yintoni iminqweno yakho ngokwabasebenzi?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izicwangciso ngabasebenzi obadingayo - kwenzeka ntoni ukuba abona basebenzi bakho babalulekileyo bathi bahlaselwe kukugula okanye bakushiye, ingaba ishishini lakho lingakwazi ukuqhubekeka lisebenza xa kungekabikho mntu wokungena endaweni yalowo ungekhoyo kwisikhundla esibalulekileyo Kwakhona, kungakuthabatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana umntu onezakhono ezifanele eso sithuba - oku kuba njalo ingakumbi xa izithuba ezo zifuna abasebenzi abaziincutshe kwimisebenzi yabo?
Kukwafuneka wazi apho unokumelana neendleko zokuqesha abanye abasebenzi nokuba ungakwazi ukubahlawula malini na.
Imali yokusebenza ziimali ezikhoyo kwishishini lakho ukumelana neendleko zemihla ngemihla ngelixa kusetyenzwa njengesiqhelo, ingakumbi ukuba uhlawulwa emva kokuba umsebenzi uqoshelisiwe kunokuhlawulwa ngenyanga nganye. Kumanye amashishini, ingakumbi kumashishini asakhasayo, kubalulekile ukuxoxa nabathengi bakho ukuba bazahlule iintlawulo (umzekelo, uhlawulwe ishumi leepesenti ekuqaleni, amashumi amathathu eepesenti wakugqiba isiqendu sokuqala selo phulo ze intsalela uyifumane xa iphulo uliqpshelise lonke). Oku kukunceda ekubeni nemalana yokuqhuba uhlawule neendleko zomsebenzi ekufuneka uwenzile.
Kufuneka wazi xa iintengiso zihamba kancinci kwishishini lakho. Kuba kaloku kumanye amashishini, oku kunokuba ngeenyanga zasebusika, kumanye ixesha lasebusika linokuba lelona loshishino. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyahlala kushishino - futhi uchume - minyaka le, kuya kufuneka wazi iindlela eziqhuba ngayo iintengiso zakho phakathi enyakeni, ukuze ube nokuwalindela uxhobile nawaphi na amaxesha xa isehla imali engenayo kunaleyo yesiqhelo isuka kwiintengiso (ukuhla nokwenyuka kweentengiso). Ukuba oku akwenziwanga ngendlela efanelekileyo, ishishini aliyi kuba nakho ukuhlawula amatyala alo futhi liya kuba semngciphekweni. Ukuba uzicwangcisa ngendlela eyiyo iintengiso zakho, ukuhla nokwenyuka kwazo, uya kuba nayo imali eya kukunceda kwiinyanga ezinzima.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.A.14675.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana linika abazali ulwazi ngamaqumrhu alawula izikolo. Libachazela ziintoni na ezi, yintoni umsebenzi wazo, nokuba ngubani onokudlala indima kuwo. Likwacacisa indima emayidlalwe ngabazali kwanoxanduva lwabo kulawulo lwesikolo.
Yintoni Iqumrhu Elilawula Isikolo?
Ngubani Omakadlale Indima Kweli Qumrhu?
Yintoni Imisebenzi yeli Qumrhu?
Umthetho iSchools Act uthi onke amacandelo abandakanyekayo kwimfundo kufuneka alwamkele uxanduva lokuza nemithetho eza kuchaphazela izikolo, uthi thaca umba wokuba abazali kwanabahlali ngabona bantu banokusoloko bezazi iimfuno neengxaki zesikolo. Yiyo ke le nto sonke isikolo sikarhulumente kufuneka sineli qumrhu lilawula isikolo.
Iqumrhu elilawula isikolo ngalinye lujongana nolawulo lweso sikolo. Kwisikolo esibhaliswe njengenkampani yeSahluko sama-21, ikwaleli qumrhu lolawulo lwesikolo elinoxanduva lokujongana neemali zesikolo eso.
inqununu yesikolo eso abameli abakhethiweyo (abangabazali, abahlohli, abanye abasebenzi besi sikolo ndawonye nabafundi abakwibanga lesithandathu okanye kumabanga angaphezulu).
Amalungu afakiweyo kweli qumrhu kodwa angenalo ilungelo lokuvota (umzekelo, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, okanye umnini-mhlaba esikuwo eso sikolo).
Unakho nokumela abanye abazali kwiqumrhu elilawula isikolo ukuba uthe wachongwa ze wavotelwa ngabazali. Uninzi lwamalungu avotayo kweli qumrhu kufuneka ibe ngabazali.
Inqununu iya kunika abazali ulwazi ngokhetho lweli qumrhu lilawula isikolo.
Liqulunqe umgaqo-nkqubo wokwamkelwa kwabafundi kweso sikolo.
Lifikelele kwizigqibo ngomgaqo-nkqubo wolwimi weso sikolo.
Ligqibe ekubeni zeziphi na iinkolo zokukhonza eziya kusetyenziswa kweso sikolo.
Liqulunqe umqulu wendlela eyamkelekileyo yokuziphatha kwabafundi, mqulu lowo ubeka elubala iinkqubo zokohlwaya.
Zonke ke izigqibo nemigaqo-nkqubo kufuneka ihambelane nemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente wesizwe.
Liqulunqe umgaqo-siseko ochaza indlela eli qumrhu eliya kusebenza ngayo.
Liqulunqe intetho enombono weso sikolo apho lichaza khona ixabiso kwaneenkolelo zeso sikolo.
Lijongane nolawulo lwempahla yesikolo, izakhiwo kwanemihlaba.
Lenze iziphakamiso ngokuqeshwa kwabahlohli kweso sikolo.
ukulungisa nokuphucula impahla yesosikolo, izakhiwo nemihlaba ukuthabatha izigqibo ngemidlalo eya kudlalwa ngabantwana kwakunye nezifundo emazibekho ngokulandela umgaqo-nkqubo wezifundo weli phondo ukuthenga iincwadi zokufunda, izixhobo zokufundakwakunye/okanye nezixhobo zesikolo eso ukuhlawulela iinkonzo ezinikezelwa seso sikolo iSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Koloni liyawaxhasa amaqumrhu olawulo lwezikolo ngokuthi liwacebise kwimisebenzi yalo ze liwanike noqeqedho kulawulo lwezimali.
Bonke abazali abanabantwana kweso sikolo banawo amalungelo noxanduva okuthabatha inxaxheba. Kanti nokuba sele ungonyulwanga kweli qumrhu lilawula isikolo eso, usenalo ilungelo olkuzibandakanya kwimicimbi yeso sikolo ngokuthi uzimase imihlangano yabazali.
Ukwanalo nelungelo lokwaziswa ngabahlohli okanye yinqununu ngeentshukumo zasesikolweni zomntwana wakho. Inqununu nabahlohli beso sikolo kufuneka bakwazise ngendlela aziphethe ngayo umntwana wakho, indlela azimasa ngayo isikolo kwakunye nendlela aqhuba ngayo umntwana wakho esikolweni.
Okanye ke utsalele umnxeba umcebisi wophuhliso osesikolweni sakho kwi-EMDC yakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.A.17842.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luthi thaca amalungelo abantwana ngendlela efundeka lula.
Onke amalungelo oluntu angawethu sonke!
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Ukuba umntu othile ukuqumbele, kufuneka akwazise. Akamelanga kukubetha.
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Unakho - yithi hayi!
ukukubamba kumalungu omzimba angaphantsi ukukucela ukuba ubambe amalungu abo omzimba angaphantsi ukukubonisa imifanekiso yabantu abenza izinto ezifana naleyo, okanye abahamba ngaze.
Oku ke kubizwa ngokuba yimpatho-gadalala ngokwesondo. Ukuba oku kwakhe kwenzeka kuwe, ayinguwe wedwa. Akwenzanga nto ingalunganga!
Akukho mntu umele ukuphathwa gadalala!
Zikho ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuncedisana namalinge okukugcina ukhuselekile.
idilesi yekhaya lakho inombolo yomnxeba wekhaya lakho idilesi nenombolo yomnxeba yasemsebenzini kamama okanye katata wakho igama, idilesi, nenombolo yomnxeba womnye umntu onokukunceda ukuba umama okanye utata wakho akafumaneki ekhaya inombolo yomnxeba yamapolisa kwakunye neyeChild Line.
Ukuba uyoyika okanye kukho umntu omaziyo odinga uncedo, thetha nomntu onokukukhusela, umntu ofana nomama okanye utata wakho, utitshala wakho, ugqirha wakho, amapolisa okanye omnye umntu ecaweni yakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.A.50381.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana linika abasebenzisi bombane amacebo okonga umbane namandla.
Yehlisa ubushushu begiza yakho buye kuma kuma-55 amanqanam ukuze kungadingeki ukuba ugalele amanzi amaninzi abandayo xa uhlambayo ngeshawa okanye uhlamba izitya.
Khumbula ukugcina imbiza yakho icikiwe xa upheka ukuze wonge ubushushu namandla.
Ubukhulu bembiza kufuneka bulingane nobukhulu benkcenke yesitovu - oku kungakongela ukuya kufikelela kuma-25% ombane owusebenzisela ukupheka.
Vala iifestile neengcango xa usebenzisa imbawula ze wonge imali!
Luvale rhoqo ucango lwesikhenkcisi sakho emva kokukhupha into apho yaye uqinisekise ukuba luvaleka gingci.
Lala uzigcine emanzini iimbotyi, umngqusho kwakunye nezinye izidlo ezikwafana nezo ngokoma. Oku kuya kukongela ixesha, imali kwakunye neeyure ezininzi zokupheka.
Zama ukubilisa kuphela amanzi owadingayo endaweni uokubilisa imbiza okanye iketile yonke ngalo lonke ixesha.
Khusela igiza yakho kwakunye nemibhobho yamanzi ashushu ngokuthi uyigqume ngamaphepha-ndaba, iingubo ezindala okanye ngezinye izinto onokuyigquma ngazo.
Zicime izibane, izibandisi-moya, iikhompyutha kwakunye nezinye izinto ezitya umbane xa uhambayo. Oku kuya kongela imali.
Zama ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokupheka ngawo onke amaxesha upheka, umzekelo, sebenzisa iimbiza neepani ezinomphantsi osicaba, kuba zona zisebenzisa amandla ehle ngama-50%. Qwalasela ke kodwa ukuba izitovu zombane zitya umbane omninzi ngoko ke sebenzisa iinkcenkce nesifudumezi ukuba unakho..
Sebenzisa umbane ofanelekileyo kwizinto ezifanelekileyo, umzekelo sebenzisa iimbawula xa ushushubeza indlu endaweni yokusebenzisa izitovu, sebenzisa iketile yombane xa ubiliza amanzi endaweni yokubeka imbiza eqhelekileyo esitovini. Ngolu hlobo uya kube usebenzisa umbane owehle ngama-50% koqhele ukuwusebenzisa.
Qwalasela: Umbane uzilungele izinto zombane kodwa ke igesi ikulungele kakhulu ukufudumeza nokupheka.
Yonwabela ukuhlala endlwini yakho ehlotyeni nasebusika ngokuthi ungenise umoya owaneleyo nofanelekileyo ntsuku zonke. Khumbula ke ukuyicima imbawula yakho, isibandisi-moya nesipholisi-moya ngelixa uvule iingcango zendlu yakho.
Nciphisa ityala lakho lombane lenyanga ngokuthi ungayi kwela nqanaba lingaphambi kokuhlamba impahla lomatshini wokuhlamba ukuba impahla yakho ayingcolanga kakhulu. Oku kuya kwehlisa umbane owusebenzisayo ngama-20%.
Yonga amanzi nombane ngokuthi uhlambe iingubo zakho kumananam angama-60 endaweni yangama-90, kuba iya kucoceka nangoku!
Nciphisa ubushushu bembawula ukusuka kubushushu obugqibeleleyo ukuya kwinqanaba elikulungeleyo.
Cima zonke izibane nezinto ezisebenza ngombane ngalo lonke ixesha uhamba endlwini naphambi kokuba uye kulala.
Sebenzisa izikhanyisi ezonga umbane. Zona zihlala ixesha elide kakhulu yaye zisebenzisa umbane omncinci futhi oku kukongela ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Nciphisa ityala lakho lombane lenyanga ngokuthi walule yonke impahla yakho ngexesha elinye.
Jonga imitha yakho yombane okanye yegesi rhoqo emva kwexesha elithile ze uzinike umdla ngezinga owusebenzisa ngalo umbane.
Yabelana ngolu lwazi lokonga amandla nombane nabamelwane bakho - ncokolani ngamatyala enu ombane enyanga!
Tshintshela kumatayala angoomakha-sangqa kuba wona awaxhathisi kakhulu ekujikelezeni yaye wona aphela kade kunalawo angengomakha-sangqa.
Musa ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu. Ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu kukutyela amafutha amaninzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.112509.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luqulethe iingcebiso ezisuka kumagosa asebenza kaRhulumente wePhondo asebenza ngeethenda, ngcebiso ezo zikunika amacebo okuphucula amathuba akho okukhuphisana ngeethenda zikarhulumente ngempumelelo.
Nikezela ngazo zonke iinkcukacha ezifunwa seso sicelo sethenda ngawo onke amaxesha. Ungazilibali izinto ezifana nesiqinisekiso sakho sokuhlanjwa kwirhafu kwakunye neziqinisekiso zabanini beshishini elo lakho. Qwalasela: iziqinisekiso zokuhlanjwa kwirhafu eziphelelwe lixesha nazo azamkelekanga.
Kubalulekile ke ukuba izibalo zamaxabiso eethenda abe achanekile. jonga ze UJONGISISE oku!
Amaxesha amaninzi, abafaki-zicelo zeethenda baye bangabuqondi kakuhle ubuzaza bomsebenzi. Ukuba kukho nantoni na ongaqinisekanga ngayo kuloo thenda, BUZA!
LUTYIKITYE rhoqo uxwebhu lwakho lwethenda. Amaxwebhu eethenda angatyikitywanga awaphendulwa yaye yaye aya kukhatyelwa ngaphandle.
Qinisekisa ukuba ufaka isicelo sakho sethenda kwibhokisi echanekileyo, phambi komhla wokuvalwa. Ngokomthetho, iithenda ezingene emva kwexesha aziyi kwamkelwa, nokuba sezisemva kwexesha ngomzuzwana omnye.
Ukuba kuye kwacelwa imizekelo, kufuneka kunikezelwe ngenani elaneleyo ukuze ithenda nganye ibe nokuvanywa phantsi kwemiqathango eyiyo yobugcisa neyaseklinikhi. Qinisekisa ke kwakho ukuba naziphi na iimfuno ezinento yokwenza nokumelana nemigangatho yeSABS iyagfikeleleka.
Fundisisa kakuhle onke amaxwebhu ethenda ngawo onke amaxesha.
Yenza uvavanyo lwamaxabiso oluchanekileyo xa ubala amaxabiso akho aloo thenda. Amaxabiso eethenda abalwe aphezulu kakhulu okanye asezantsi kakhulu athatyathwa njengangayiboni kakuhle le thenda.
Buza ngaloo thenda ze ufumane zonke iinkcukacha ngayo phambi kokuba ugcwalise uxwebhu lwayo.
Uze ungoyiki ukubuza ukuba kutheni na ungakhange uphumelele kwithenda ethile ukuze ube nokufunda kwiimpazamo ozenzileyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba uyamelana nazo zonke iimfuno ngexesha elichanekileyo yaye uyakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho xa sithe saphumelela isicelo sakho.
Ukunikezela iinkonzo neemveliso ezisemgangathweni kuya kuphucula igama lakho yaye uya kuba mhle kwiincwadi zelo sebe. Ukuza neenkonzo neemveliso ezingekho mgangathweni kukunika igama elibi hayi kwisihishini lakho nje kuphela kodwa kuwo onke amashishini asakhasayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.116621.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabantu abahlala kwiindaw abaziqeshileyo nabaqeshe iindawo zokuhlala kubanini-mihlaba okanye kwabo basebenzela abo banini-mihlaba.
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndityikitye Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Nomnini-mhlaba?
Ingaba Zeziphi Iinkcukacha Ekufuneka Zikwesi Sivumelwano Sokuhlala Sibhaliweyo?
Ingaba Kufuneka Ndihlawule Idipozithi?
Ingaba Yontoni Ekufuneka Eyenzile Umnini-mhlaba Ukugcina Indaw Yakhe Isemgangathweni?
Ingaba Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukuba Umnini-mhlaba Wala Ukulungisa Izinto Abethembise Ukuzilungisa?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angangena Kule Ndaw Ndihlala Kuyo Ngaphandle Kokufumana Imvume Kum?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angasuke Anyuse Imali Yerente Xa Efuna?
Ingaba Angayishusa Ngamalini Irente Umnini-mhlaba Xa Ndihlaziya Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam?
Ndingenza Ntoni Ukuba Umnini-mhlaba Uthi Andiyihlawulanga Irente Ndibe Ndiyihlawule?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angayithimba Impahla Yam Xa Ndisilela Ekuhlawuleni Irente?
Ndingasaphula Njani Isivumelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Ngaphambi Kwexesha Ebesivumelene Ngalo?
Isivimelwano Sokuhlala Kwam Siphele Kwezi Nyanga Zimbalwa Zidlulileyo. Kufuneka Ndinikezele Isaziso Sexesha Elingakanani Phambi Kokuba Ndiphume?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Anganditshixela Ngaphandle?
Ingaba Umnini-mhlaba Angala Ukundibuyisela Idipozithi Yam?
Yeyiphi Imithetho Elawula Izivumelwano Zokuqeshiswa Kwezakhiwo?
Ngubani Onokundinceda Xa Ndinengxaki Nomnini-mhlaba Endinxuse Kuye?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isikhalazo Kwinkundla Ejongana Nezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Ndingaqhagamshelana Njani neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela ngokufanayo neso sibhalwe phantsi. Noko kunjaloke noko, ukuba kudingeka isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi ukuze ube nokuhlala kuloo ndawo ze wale ukusityikitya, akukho sivumelwano apho yaye akunakho ukungena uhlale kuloo ndawo ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuba ubukhe wahlala kwindaw oyiqeshayo ixesha elithile ngesivumelwano esithethwe ngomlomo ze emva koko umnini-mhlaba low akucele ukuba utyikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala esibhaliweyo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba usityikitye eso sibhambathiso xa sinemiqathango eyahlukileyo kuleyo beniyenze ngomlomo. Umnini-mhlaba lowo yena kufuneka athetha-thethane nawe ngaloo miqathango mitsha, aqiniseke ngesivumelwano sakho kuqala.
Ukhumbule ke ukuba kuba ngcono nangakumbi kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale phantsi isivumelwano sesibhambathiso senu, nibeke elubala imiqathango yeso sivumelwano. Oku kuya kudlala indima enkulu kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuvela phakathi kwenu ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomnini-mhlaba umzekelo, ngubani onoxanduva lokulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, amatyala ombane nawokuthuthwa kwenkukuma?
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo, ezityikitywe nini nobabini, kufuneka ihlanganiswe nesivumelwano sesibhambathiso sokuhlala.
Uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo, olwakhiwe nini nobabini xa benihlola ekungeneni kwakho nolutyikitywe nini nobabini, kufuneka luluhlanganiswe nesivumelwano eso.
Ewe, ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyayifuna yaye ikhankanyiwe kwisivumelwano sokuhlala. Ukuba imiqathango yesivumelwano senu sokuqala, nokuba benisenze ngomlomo okanye ngembalelwano, ayikhankanye idipozithi, akufunekanga ke uyihlawule ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi ekuhambeni kwexesha akucele ukuba uyihlawule. Iinguqu kwisivumelwano zingasebenza kuphela xa wena nomnini-mhlaba nivumelana koko.
Umnini-mhlaba okanye ke umntu/inkampani esebenza egameni lakhe kufuneka agcine idipozithi yakho kwi-akhawunti eza kukunika inzala (okanye ke kwi-akhawunti yombutho, xa iyinkampani esebenzela umnini-mhlaba) ngalo lonke ixesha usebenzisa indaw yabo. Idipozithi yakho epheleleyo, ndawonye kwakunye nenzala efumanekileyo, kufuneka ibuyiselwe kuwe xa uphuma kuloo ndawo gaphandle kweendleko zezinto ekufuneka uzihlawule kuba uzonakalisile ngeli xesha uhlala apho kwakunye nazo zonke iimali ekufuneka uzinike umnini-mhlaba ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano enasityikityayo.
Kuxhomekeka ke ekubeni sithini na isibhambathiso sesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho apho. Ngokwesiqhelo, umnini-mhlaba ugcina ze alungise umphandle wesi sakhiwo ze umhlali lowo uqeshileyo yena abe noxanduva lokujongana nomphakathi.
Faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Umnini-mhlaba unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo asihlole njalo-njalo, kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba ekwazise kwangexesha ukuze nivumelane ngexesha elikulungeleyo nawe. Akunalo wena ilungelo lokumvimba ilungelo lakhe lokungena kule ndlu ngamaxesha nezizathu ezifanelekileyo.
Oku ke kunento yokwenza kakhulu nokuhlaziywa kwesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho kweso sakhiwo. Ukuba isivumelwano eso asiyichazi ngokucacileyo indaba yokwenyuswa kwerente, umnini-mhlaba lowo kufuneka atheha-thethane nawe ngesixa serente esamkelekileyo.
Kuluxanduva lwakhjo ke ukuqinisekisa ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyayifumana irente leyo, ngoko ke kuba semagxeni akho ukunikezela ngobungqina bokuba ngokwenene uhlawule (umzekelo, iphetshana lasebhankini eliqinisekisa oko). Ukuba akukwazi, umnini-mhlaba uya kuba nakho ukukunika isaziso ngokweimiqathango yesivumelwano senu ke phofu ze acele nomyalelo wenkundla ogunyazisa ukuba ukhutshwe kweso sakhiwo.
Kulilungelo lakho, ngokwemigaq yomthetho iRental Housing Act (Act 50 ka-1999), ukunyanzelisa ukufumana isiqinisekiso sazo zonke iintlawulo okhe wazenza ukuba umnini-mhlaba lowo akakuniki.
Ixesha eyenzelwa lona le ntlawulo (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwayo). Ukuba umnini-mhlaba low uyala ukukunika isiqinisekiso sentlawulo yakho, faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Kuya kufuneka afumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. Ze emva koko ke uMthunywa weNkundla abe nokuthimba impahla yakho ukuze kufumaneke imali le uyityalayo. Ukuba umnini-mpahla uthi athimbe impahla yakho ngaphandle komyalelo wenkundla, oko kuthatyathwa njengobusela yaye kuya kufuneka uhlangane namapolisa oMzantsi Afrika ze ufake nesikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Kuxhomekeke ebukhweni kumhlathi othetha ngokurhoxiswa kwesi sivumelwano. Ukuba akukho mhlathi unjalo eyona ndlela yokurhoxisa isibhambathiso sokuhlala ngaphandle kokwaphula izigqibo kuxa umnini-mhlaba evuma ukuba ungasophula okanye ukuba naye usophule (umzekelo, ngokungaphumeleli ukulungisa umphandle wesi sakhiwo, ngokwezigqibo ezikwisibhambathiso, yaye ke oku kukwenza wena ungabi nakho ukuhlala kwesi sakhiwo. Kodwa ke kuya kufuneka unike ubungqina boku).
Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uyifezekisile yonke imiqathango yesi sivumelwano, usenakho nalapho ukusiphelisa ngaphambi kwexesha enanivumelene ngaso esi sivumelwano kodwa ke uya kube wophula izigqibo. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba umnini-mhlaba anganyanzelisa ukuba umhlawule imali yonke imali eseleyo yexesha lesi sivumelwano, yaye ungaphulukana nedipozithi yakho.
Thetha nomnini-mhlabaa low phambi kokuba wenze nayiphi na intshukumo: kuba kaloku abaninzi bangakuvumela uqeshise omnye umntu kwalapho okanye bakuvumele urhoxise isivumelwano sokuhlala ngaphambi kwexesha lesivumelwano - xa uthe wamnika umntu nook ixesha elaneleyo lokukhangela omnye umntu okanye xa uthe wafumana omnye umntu onamelana nayo yonke imiqathango yeso sibhambathiso. Ukuba umnini-mhlaba low uthi avume ukuba urhoxise eso sivumelwano ngaphambi kwexesha, qiniseka ke ukuba ukutsho oko ngembalelwano, apho akhankanya imiqathango yokophulwa kweso sigqibo.
Jonga isivumelwano sakho sangaphambili ukhangele umhlathi othetha ngomba wokuhlaziywa kwaso okhankanya ukuba kufuneka unikezele ixesha elingakanani lesaziso kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba awukho umhlathi othetha ngokuhlaziywa kwesivumelwano, nina nobabini ke, ngokweentshukumo nezenzo zenu, nisihlaziyile isivumelwano sokuqala enanivumelene ngaso, kwangemiqathango efanayo, kwangexesha elifanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba uya kuvuselela umhlathi othetha ngokurhoxa kwisivumelwano wesivumelwano esingaphambili, ukuba besikho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kweso sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle komhlathi ojongana nokurhoxa, eyona ndlela yokuphuma kwesi sibhambathiso bekuya kuba kukunika umnini-mhlaba isaziso senyanga, ngembalelwano, phambi kokuphela kwesibhambathiso eso. Ngoko ke ukuba ubusele ufikelela ekupheleni kwesibhambathiso seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekufuneka wazise umnini-mhlaba lowo, ngembalelwanon ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye.
Hayi. Umnini-mhlaba kufuneka akunike isitshixo sesibini ngoko nangoko ukuba uthi atshintshe iingcango ngenxa yokonakala okanye ke ngenxa yesinye nje isizathu esibambekayo.
Idipozithi le yenzelwe ukujongana nezo ziphene kanye, yaye nayiphi na imali oyityala umnini-mhlaba lowo ngenxa yezinto ezonakeleyo kuloo ndlu, ezigqithayo kuloo mali unayo.
Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi ayigcine idipozithi yakho ze angabi nakukunika ubungqina beendleko athe wamelana nazo, kuya kufuneka uye kufaka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Xa ungena, hlola le ndawo kunye nomnini-mhlaba ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na iziphene enithi nihlangane nazo. Nobabini wena nomnini-mhlaba kufuneka nilutyikitye olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luhlanganiswe nesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakho.
Xa uphuma, phindani nihlole indawo leyo kunye. Thelekisa uluhlu olutsha lweziphene nolo lwalwenziwe ngaphambili.
Ungalinikwa ithuba lokulungisa iziphene ezo, okanye nifikelele kwisigqibo sokuba umnini-mhlaba akwenze oko. Ukuba umnini-mhlaba uthi alungise ezo ziphene, unelungelo lokubona zonke iziqinisekiso zezinto azithengileyo nazenzileyo kuloo dipozithi yakho.
IUkuba iziphene ezo zibiza ngaphantsi kwedipozithi, obunayo apho, nenzala yayo, umnini-mhlaba low kuya kufuneka akunike intsalela.
yiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo elifumaneka kule website ze ulingenise ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuqesha indaw yokuhlala kwakunye nemeko yokuqesha yahlukene. Ukuba unesikrokr sokuba umnini-mhlaba wendawo oyiqeshileyo ikho into engekho mthethweni ayenzayo, hlangana neNkundla yaseNtshona Koloni Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke uhlangane negqwetha ukuze likunike iingcebiso zomthetho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.116633.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi ke ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabanini-mihlaba abaqeshisa ngezakhiwo ukuze kuhlale abanye abantu.
Ingaba kufuneka ndityikitye isivumelwano sokuhlala nomntu oqeshe umhlaba wam ukuze ahlale?
Zeziphi iinkcukacha ekufuneka zibekho kwisivumelwano sokuqeshisa ngendawo yokuhlala?
Ndingayijonga njani imvelaphi yomntu ofake isicelo sokuhlala endaweni yam?
Ingaba kufuneka ndifune idipozithi?
Zeziphi izilungiso ekufuneka ezenzile umhlali lo?
Ndingayenyusa na irente phakathi kwixesha lesivumelwano sokuhlala?
Ndingayenyusa ngamalini irente xa ndihlaziya isivumelwano sokuhlala?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshise kwindawo yam engayihlawuli ngexesha irente?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshileyo esithi uyihlawule irente kodwa ndibe mna ndingekayifumani?
Ingaba ndingayithimba impahla yomqeshi ukuba usemva ngerente?
Isivumelwano sokuhlala salo mntu ndimqeshisileyo siphele kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo. Ingaba kufuneka ndimazise kwisithuba sexesha elingakanani, xa ndifuna aphume?
Ndingamkhupha njani umntu oqeshe endaweni yam?
Ingaba ndingayifaka impahla ngaphandle kwemvume yomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ingaba ndingazitshintsha izitshixo ze nditshixele umntu oqeshe kum ngaphandle?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa abamelwane bekhalaza ngomntu oqeshe indawo yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa ndirhanela ukuba umntu oqeshe kum ubandakanyeka kwiintyshukumo ezingekho mthethweni endaweni yam?
Yintoni endinokuyenza xa umntu oqeshe kum eyonakalisile indawo yam?
Yeyiphi imithetho elawula izivumelwano zokuqeshisa?
Ngubani onokundinceda xa ndinengxaki nomntu oqeshe kwindawo yam?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo kwiNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo?
Isivumelwano esenziwe ngomlomo sibophelela njengeso sibhalwe phantsi, kodwa ke ukuba umqeshi lowo unyanzelisa ekubeni nenze isivuelwano esibhalwe phantsi, kufuneka ukuthobele oko. Kungcono ke ngoko, kuni nobabini ukuba nisibhale isivumelwano senu ukuze nithi thaca imigaqo nemiqathango enivumelene ngayo. Oku ke kuya kunceda kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimbambano ezinokuthi zibe nokuvela ekuhambeni kwexesha, xa ungavani nalo mntu uqeshe kule ndawo yakho.
Uxanduva lwakho nolomntu oqeshileyo umzekelo, ngubani omele ukulungisa izinto ezonakeleyo Ngubani oya kuhlawula amanzi, umbane kwakunye namatyala ezibonelelo Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umqeshi lo uhlawula zonke iintlawulo zezinto neenkonzo azifuneyo wazisebenzisa, ezifana namanzi nombane, ze umnini-mhlaba yena ahlawule zonke iintlawulo ezinento yokwenza nesakhiwo eso, ezifana ke nezibonelelo?
Imiqathango umqeshi okanye wena onokunikezela phantsi kwayo isaziso sokurhoxa kwisibhambathiso eso (umzekelo, ukuba kukho izinto ezithile ezithe azalungiswa, okanye ukuba umqeshi lowo usemva ekuhlawuleni irente).
Imithetho Yeso Sakhiwo - etyikitywe ngumqeshi lowo nomnini-mhlaba, kufuneka incanyathiselwe kwisivumelwano eso.
Kufuneka kudweliswe uluhlu lwezinto ezonakeleyo xa umqeshi nomnini-mhlaba behlola-hlola phambi kokuba umqeshi lo angene ahlale kwesi sakhiwo. Olu luhlu ke kufuneka lutyikitywe nguwe nomqeshi lowo ze luncanyaqthiselwe kwisivumelwano eso sokuhlala.
Thetha nomnini-sakhiwo umntu lowo ufuna ukuqesha kuwe asaqeshe kuye ukuze ufumane iindlela zakhe zokuhlawula nokuziphatha. Ikwangumbono omhle ukuthetha nabanini-mihlaba bal mqeshwa bangaphambili, kuba umnini-mhlaba asahlala kuye lo mntu esenokuthetha kakuhle ngaye kuba efuna nje indlela yokumsusda kwindawo yakhe, ze futhi ufumane nencwadana yembalelwano esuka kumqeshi womntu lowo unomdla wokuqesha kuwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqeshwe isigxina apho nokuba wamkela malini na.
Ewe, kulungile oko ukuze uyifake loo dipozithi kweso sivumelwano. Ukhumbule ke kodwa ukuba le dipozithi kufuneka ifakwe kwi-account eza kuza nenzala ngalo lonke ixesha lesi sivumelwano sokuhlala kwaloo mqeshi kweso sakhiwo ze inikezelwe kumnini-yo nenzala yayo, ekuphumeni komqeshi kwisakhiwo eso.
Ukuba ke, umqeshi lo uphume kwisakhiwo sakho esakubamba imali, okanye ukuba uyonakalisile indawo leyo yakho ngendlela embi kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa le dipozithi ekulungiseni loo monakalo nasekuzihlawuleni loo mali asakubamba yona.
Khawujonge apha YINTONI ENDINOKUYENZA UKUBA UMQESHI UYONAKALISILE INDAWO YAM ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngedipozithi?
Oko kuxhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ngokwesiqhelo ke, umnini-mhlaba ulungisa umphandle wesakhiwo ze umqeshi yena alungise umphakathi.
Hayi akunakho ngaphandle kokuba isivumelwano sokuhlala sikhankanya ukuba ungakwenza oko. Ukuba uyafuna, ungafaka icandelwana kwisivumelwano sokuqala apho udwelisa imiqathango enokukuvumela ukuba wenyuse irente (umzekelo, ukuba ziyenyuka izibonelelo).
Loo nto kaloku ixhomekeka ekubeni sithini na isivumelwano senu ngalo mba. Ukuba isivumelwano senu asichazi sixa sithile ekonyusweni kwerente, kuya kufuneka uthetha-theathane ze uvane ngeso sixa naloo mntu uqeshileyo..
Ngokuphandle, umqeshi lo uwophule isivumelwano senu. Buya ke uphinde ujonge icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso (okanye ke ukuba isivumelwano eso besenziwe ngomlomo, ujonge imiqathango ebekuvunyelwene ngayo ekwaphulweni kwesi sivumelwano) ze wenze okufanelekileyo.
Ukuba aninaso isiumelwano sokwaphulwa kwesi sibhambathiso, kuyinto elungileyo ukubhalela loo mqeshi incwandi yembalelwano apho umnika iintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuba ahlawule, ekuya kuthi ukuba akakwazi urhoxise isivumelwano eso sokuhlala kwakhe.
Kuluxanduva lomntu oqeshe endaweni yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyayifumana irente, ngoko ke loo mqeshi kuya kufuneka akubonise ubungqina bokuba uyenzile intlawulo (umzekelo, iphetshana elibubungqina bokuba uhlawule ebhankini). Ukuba umqeshi lowo akakwazi kuyenza loo nto, ungamnima isaziso ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano senu ze ucele nomyalelo wenkundla oza kumnyanzelisa ukuyba aphume aphele apho.
Ixesha ehlawulelwa lona le mali (umzekelo, inyanga ehlawulelwa yona le rente).
Kuya kufuneka ufumane umyalelo wenkundla kuqala. uMthunywa weNkundla uya kuthi athimbe impahla yalo mntu uqeshileyo ajonge ukuba ingafumaneka na imali asakubamba yona umntu lo. Ukuba uthi uthimbe impahla yomqeshi lo ngaphandle kokufumana umyalelo wenkundla, bubusela obo.
Khangela isivumelwano sokuhalala owasenza ngaphambili ukuba asinalo na icandelo icandelo elikhankanya ixesha lesaziso ekufuneka ulinikezele kwimeko enjalo.
Ukuba alikho elo candela, loo nto ithetha ukuba nobabini, ngenxa yeentshukumo zenu, nithe nasihlaziya isivumelwano somqeshi lowo sokuhlala sangaphambili, kwangemigaqo nemiqathango ekwafanayo, ixesha elikwafanayo nelo lesivumelwano sangaphambili. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka usebenzise icandelo elithetha ngokwaphulwa kwesi s ivumelwano, ukuba likho, ukuze ube nokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano.
Ngaphandle kwecandelo elikuvumela ukuba waphule esi sivumelwano, eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuphuma kwesi sivumelwano iya kuba kukunika umqeshi lowo wakho isaziso sesithuba senyanga, ngembalelwano, ngaphambi kokuphela kwesivumelwano eso. (Ngoko ke ukuba benisele nisondele ekupheleni kwesivumelwano sokuhlala seshumi elinesibini leenyanga, bekuya kufuneka umazisile umqeshi wakho, gembalelwano, ekupheleni kwenyanga yeshumi elinanye).
Akunakuze ukwaqzi ukumkhupha ngokwakho umntu oqeshe kwindawo yakho, Kuya kufuneka ufumane myalelo wenkundla kuqala ukuze ube nokukwazi ukukhuphela ngaphandle umqeshi lowo ukuthi uthi aphule imiqathango nemigaqo yesivumelwano sokuhlala kwakhe kumhlaba wakho.
Ukuze ufumanise ukuba umqeshi wakho waphule imigaqo yokuhlala kwakhe, jonga isivumelwano senu. Kumele ukubakho apho icandelo elicacisa ngokwaphulwa kwezigqibo zesivumelwano sokuhlala (umzekelo, ukungahlawuli irente kwangexesha) nokuba aya kuba yintoni na amalungelo akho wena kwimeko enjalo (ngamanye amazwi ke, phelisa esi sivumelwano ngaphandle kokuohinda umazise umqeshi lo).
Ukuba ngokwenene umqeshi lowo wakho uzaphule izigqibo zokuhlala kwakhe apho, thabatha amanyathelo aqatha nazaakubonisa kakuhle umqeshi lowo ukuba ngokwenene ukwenzile oko. Ukuba oku akusebenzi, bhenela emthethweni - faka isikhalazo kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo okanye ke ucele iingcebiso zegqwetha eliwayo lo mcimbi.
Unelungelo lokungena kwesi sakhiwo ze uhlola-hlole njalo-njalo, kodwa kuphela emva kokuba wenze amalungiselelo okwenza oko ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwakunye nesaziso esifanelekileyo. Umntu lowo usahlala kule ndawo yakho akanalo ilungelo lokukwalela ukuba ungene endaweni yakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Hayi. Oko kukhuphela ngaphandle akukho mthethweni. Ukuba utshintsha izitshixo, kufuneka unike umntu lowo usahlala apho izitshixo ezitsha.
Khangela ukuba indlela aziphethe ngayo umntu oqeshe kuwe iyakhabana na nemigaqo yeso sakhiwo. Ukuba kunjalo, ungakwazi ukuwophula umqathango wokuqhawulwa kwesibhambathiso ze unike nomqeshi ixeshana lesaziso. Gcina zonke izikhalazo ngalo mqeshi ephepheni kwanezinto othe wena wazenza njengobunqina.
Nikezela ingxelo ngezinto ozirhanelayo kwicandelo Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika. Ikwangumbono omhle ukufaka icandelo elithi akuvumelekanga ukuba azivumelekanga iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho kweso sakhiwo, nto leyo iya kukunika amagunya okurhoxisa esi sivumelwano ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba ubufune idipozithi, ungayisebenzisa loo mali ekulungiseni izinto ezithe zonakaliswa kakhulu ngumntu owo ebehlala apho xa ephuma.
Xa engena umntu oze kuhlala kule ndawo yakho, hlola-hlolan le ndwo kunye ze nidwelise, ngokubhala phantsi, naziphi na izinto ezingemanga ngendlela - kufuneka nilutyikitye nobabini olu luhlu yaye kufuneka luncanyathiselwe kwesi sivumelwano sokuhlala.
Xa umntu lowo ephuma kule ndawo, yihlola-hloleni nobabini kwakhona le ndawo, kuya kube kulunge kakhulu xa nikwenza oku kwiintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhamba kwaloo mntu. Thelekisani uluhlu olutsha lwezinto ezonakeleyo nolo nanilwenze ngaphambili.
Ungamnika umntu usahlala apho ithuba lokulungisa ezo zinto ngokwakhe, okanye ke ungavuma ekubeni uza kuzenza ngokwakho. Gcina ke iziqinisekiso zazo zonke iindleko zokulungisa kwakho ezo ziphene ngale dipozithi. Lo mntu wenze iziphene ngedipozithi yakhe unelungelo lokuzibona ezo ziqinisekiso.
Ukuba ezo zilungiso zibize ngapantsi kwesixa sedipozithi nenzala yayo, kuya kufuneka ubuyisele loo mntu ubeqeshe apho imali eseleyo.
Qhagamshelana neNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo ukuba uneengxaki.
kwiNkundla Ejongana Nemicimbi Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo.
Gcwalisa iphetshana lokufaka isicelo elikule website ze usithumele ngefeksi, ngeposi okanye ke uyithumele ngesandla kule Nkundla.
Sonke isivumelwano sokuhlala kwindwo eqeshisayo kwakunye nemeko yokuhlawula irente yahlukile. Ukuba udinga uncedo ekulawuleni umntu oqeshe endaweni yakho, qhagamshelana neNkundla Yezindlu Eziqeshisayo yaseNtshona Koloni okanye ke igqwetha elinolwazi ngoku likunike iingcebiso.
Le ofisi ke isebenza ukususela ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni ukuya ngentsimbi yesine malanga, ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.11807.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngokucacileyo, imbeko iyimfuneko ukuze isikolo sisebenze kakuhle. Intswela-mbeko ayiphazamisi nje kuphela ukufundisa nokufunda koko ikwabeka nabafundi nootitshala emngciphekweni.
Iqumrhu lolawulo lwesikolo ngalinye kufuneka lihlangane nootitshala, abazali nabafundi ukuze kuyilwe imigaqo elawula indlela yokuziphatha kwabafundi.
iintlobo zokungaziphathi kakuhle eziya kohlwayelwa.
iintlobo zezohlwayo eziya kunikezelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokungaziphathi kakuhle.
inkqubo eya kulandelwa sisikolo ekohlwayeni umfundi.
iinkqubo zezikhalazo ezisuka kubazali nakubafundi ukuba bafuna ukufaka isikhalazo ngomnye wabafundi okanye ngesikolo.
Ukohlwaya ngokubetha, umzekelo: ukubetha ngoswazi, kwapheliswa ezikolweni, yaye nabani na ofunyaniswe esakwenza oku uya kubekwa ityala lokuhlasela.
Abazali abafumanisa ukuba kusabethwa kwisikolo esithile kufuneka bahlangane nenqununu ze emva koko bahlangane noMphathi waloo Ngingqi Kwezemfundo, ekunokuqhagamshelwana naye ngokuthi kusetyenziswe eyona EMDC ikufutshane. Abafundi abafuna ukufaka ingxelo ngokohlwaywa ngokubethwa bengathanga bazixela amagama abo bangaqhagamshelana neziko elamkela iminxeba lezikolo ezikhuselekileyo kule nombolo yalo ingahlawulelwayo:0800 45 46 47.
Imimiselo elawula amatyala amakhulu okungaziphathi kakuhle ithiwe thaca kwiNcwadi Yemithetho kaRhulumente wePhondo iExtraordinary 5190 eyaqala ukusebenza ngomhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yeDwarha ngonyaka ka-1997. Le mimiselo ikhankanya iintlobo zokungaziphathi kakuhle ezichazwa njengenkulu (ukufunyanwa okanye ukusetyenziswa kotywala neziyobisi, ukuhlasela, ubusela, ukuziphatha ngokungenazintloni, ukungazimasi isikolo kwakunye nendlela yokuziphatha ehlaza isikolo eso). Uluhlu lweendlela zokungaziphathi kakuhle lunikezelwe kuxwebhu olweza neSebe Lezemfundo elithi Ezinye Iindlela Zokohlwaya Ngaphandle Kokubetha.
Iqumrhu elilawula isikolo lingamnqumamisa umfundi ixesha eliya kuma kwiveki ngomkhwa ombi kakhulu wokungaziphathi kakuhle. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuchotshelwa kumanyelwe eli tyala ngokwemigaqo yemimiselo, oko ke kukuthi abazali nomfundi lowo kufuneka baxelelwe ukuba ityala eli liya kuchotshelwa nini futhi phi na, banikwe iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngetyala/ngamatyala abekwa wona umfundi, banikwe ithuba lokuzithethela, futhi banakho nokufumana umntu onokubamela, mhlawumbi igqwetha.
Ukuba iqumrhu elilawula isikolo eso lifumanise ukuba ityala eli likhulu ngokwaneleyo, linokudlulisela kwiNtloko yePhondo kwiSebe lezeMfundo iziphakamiso zokuba amgxothe umfundi lowo. INtloko Yezemfundo le kufuneka ithabathe isigqibo ngale nyewe kwiintsuku nje ezilishumi elinesine, ngelo xesha ke umfundi lo uya kube engavunyelwa ukuba azimase izifundo kwisikolo eso.
Ukuba umfundi uthe wagxothwa, yena (kunye okanye abazali bakhe) bangafaka isibheno kumphathiswa wePhondo Kwezemfundo.
Ukuba umfundi othe wagxothwa ukwiminyaka yobudala apho asanyenzeleke ukuba abe usesesikolweni, iNtloko Yezemfundo kufuneka yenze amalungiselelo okumfaka kwesinye isikolo sikarhulumente.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.122538.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana linikezela ngeenkcukacha Ngezifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo, yaye liquka nomawukulindele kumsebenzi wecandelo lononophelo lwempilo nemiba yokuba semngciphekweni.
Luyafumaneka unyango olusimahla nolusebenzayo.
Khuthaza iqabane/amaqabane akho ukuba aye kufumana unyango eklinikhi njengoko usenokuphinda wosuleleke futhi kufuneka uphinde wanyangwa.
Ziintoni Ezi Zifo Zingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo?
Ndingazazi Njani Ukuba Ndinesifo Esingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo?
Ukuba uzikrokrelela ekubeni unesifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo, umsebenzi wononophelo lwempilo uya kwenza oku kulandelayo...
iintsilathi ngenyanga yeSilimela ka-2004 ukwandisa ulwazi ngeendlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa okungacwangciswanga kwanonyango lwezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo.
ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu owabelana naye ngesondo naye uyalufumana unyango.
Izifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo zizifo ezibangelwa ngamagciwane asuka kwelinye iqabane aye kwelinye ngexesha la maqabane esabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga.
Ukudumba apha kwisingxobo samatyhalarha.
Ukuthunyelwa kumanye amaziko onyango njengoko kuchaziwe ucwangciso-ntsapho, unonophelo lwangaphambi kokuzalwa kosana, inkqubo yokuthintela ukosulelwa kosana ngunina, isifo sephepha, unyango nononophelo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo njalo-njalo.
Ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha zezigulana (iinkcukacha zezigulana, ukugcinwa nokukhutshwa kweenkcukacha-manani zamihla le).
Ukubeleka okukhokelele ekungaphilini kosana, ukuzala usana olusele lungasaphili okanye usana ulunqinileyo.
Ukuba impendulo yakho ibe ngu-ewe kuwo nawuphi na omnye wemibuza engentla apha, kufuneka uye kweyona klinikhi ikufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane kuhlolwa.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.14684.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luqulethe ulwazi ngolawulo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo ezikolweni kwakunye namalungelo noxanduva lwabafundi, olwabahlohli nolwabazali ngokumayela nale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Kukwanikezelwa neempendulo kweminye imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo efana nokuba ingaba abafundi abaphila nale ntsholongwane bangagxothwa na esikolweni, ukuba ingaba izikolo zingabavavanyela intsholongwane kaGawulayo na abafundi nokuba izikolo zingawuthintela njani na umngcipheko wokosuleleka yile ntsholongwane esikolweni. Kukwanikezelwa nangeengcebiso ngokuqulunqwa komgaqo-nkqubo wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo wesikolo.
Ingaba isikolo singanyanzelisa ukufumana iinkcukacha ngobume bentsholongwane kaGaulayo bomfundi?
Ingaba izikolo zingazenza iimvavanyo zarhoqo zentsholongwane kaGawulayo kubafundi bazo?
Ingaba izikolo zingabavavanyela intsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaphandle kwemvume yabo?
Ingaba kufuneka ziwuthintele njani umngcipheko wokosuleleka kwabantu esikolweni?
Ingaba abafundi banalo ilungelo lokufumana imfundo ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo?
Ingaba zinganikezelwa na iintsilathi ezikolweni?
Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuba kukho ukwala ukusebenza, ukufunda okanye ukufunda nomntu ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo?
Ngubani ekufuneka abandakanyeke ekuqulunqweni komgaqo-nkqubo wesikolo?
iSebe Lemfundo sele liwuqulunqile umgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe oza kujongana nolawulo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo ezikolweni oku kusenzelwa amaziko emfundo kawonke-wonke. Izikolo namaqumrhu alawula izikolo kufuneka aqulunqe ze aphuhlise imigaqo-nkqubo yawo kwiinzame zawo zokumelana nemigaqo ekulo mgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe. Ukuba isikolo esithile asinawo umgaqo-nkqubo waso, eso sikolop siya kulawulwa ngulo wesizwe umgaqo.
Ukwazi amalungelo enu njengabazali, abahlohli nabafundi kwanokuqonda imigaqo yomgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe kwanoneyoMgaqo-siseko kuya kuninceda ukuze nikwazi ukulawula ngendlela eyiyo intsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo esikolweni senu.
Hayi. UMgaqo-siseko ethu uthi wonke umntu unelungelo lokulingana yaye abantwana banelungelo lokufikelela kwimfundo engundoqo. Umgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe nawo ukwalitsolisa elokuba akukho mfundi uya kuxhatshazwa ze alelwe nendawo esikolweni esikolweni ngenxa yokuba ephila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Abafundi abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo akufunekanga balivinjwe ithuba lokufikelela kwawona manqanaba aphezulu empumelelo. Izidibgo zabo kufuneka zifezekiswe kangangoko futhi isikolo sense konke okusemandlenj ukuqinisekisa oku, ngokubavumela bafundele emakhayeni abo ukuba kunyanzelekile. Nawaphi na amanyathelo abucala athi athatyathwe kufuneka angabi namkhethe, zimelane neemfuno zonyango yaye zithatyathwe ngentsebenziswano nomfundi lowo nomzali wakhe.
Hayi. Zonke iinkcukacha zonyango ziyimfihlelo yaye akukho mzali okanye mfundi unyanzeleke ukuba axelele isikolo ngobume bomfundi ophila nentsholongwane. Xa umfundi ophila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo enokuthi axelele abahlohli ukuba yena uphila nale ntsholongwane, kufuneka oko kuhlale kuyimfihlelo.
Asikho isizathu ngokwezonyangop okanye ngonzululwazi sokuba kusoloko abantu basoloko bevavanyelwa le ntsholongwane. UMgaqo-nkqubo Wesizwe awukuvumeli ukuvavanyelwa intsholongwane kGawulayo kwabafundi njengenye yeemfuno zokwamkelwa esikolweni okanye ukuqhubekeka behamba isikolo.
Akukho mntu uya kuvavanywa ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo ayinakudluliselwa komnye umntu ngokuqhagamshelana kwemihla ngemihla koluntu. Noxa ke ukosuleleka kwabafundi esikolweni kungaxhomisi mehlo, zonke izikolo kufuneka ziqulunqe futhi ziphuhlise amacebo okulumkisa ukuthintela ukudluliselwa kwazozonke izifo ezosulela ngegazi, kuquka nale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo.
Bonke abantu abahlangula kwiimeko zengozi eziquka ukuphalala kwegazi kufuneka banxibe iiglavu zeLatex.
Onke amanxeba kufuneka acocwe ngamanzi nangezibulali-ntsholongwane kwangoko ze avalwe ngento engangenwa manzi.
Zonke izikolo kufuneka ubuncinci zibe nezixhobo zoncedo lokuqala ezifikelelekayo.
Bonke abafundi nabahlohli kufuneka banikwe iinkcukacha zokuba bangamelana njani na neemeko apho kuphalele igazi.
Umngcipheko wokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngokwemidlalo apho abadlali babambanayo mncinci kakhulu. Noko kunjalo, namphi na umdlali othe wopha kufuneka akhutshelwe ngaphandle kwebala afumane unyango. Loo mdlali unokuphinda aqalise ngokudlala xa inxeba lakhe livalwe ngokukhuselekileyo watshintshwa nezo mpahla zigcwel' igazi. Abafundi nabaqeqeshi abaphila nentshoongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka bafumane unyango neengcebiso phambi kokuba bangene kwimidlalo apho babambana nabanye abadlali.
Ewe. Lo Mgaqo-nkqubo Wesizwe unyanzelisa ukuba zonke izikolo zibe nenkqubo ehambayo yokufundisa nokulumkisa ngentsholongwane kaGawulayoe/noGawulayo. Le nkqubo ke kufuneka yayanyaniswe nenkqubo yokuxhobisa abafundi Ngezakhono Zobomi yaye kufuneka ihambelane neminyaka yabafundi futhi ichaneke. Nabazali kufuneka baziswe ngale nkqubo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo Wesizwe uyaqonda ukuba lo ngumcimbi onobuzaza kakhulu yaye ucebisa ukuba imiba efana nalo isonjululwa kuqwalaselwe iimfuno neendlela zokuphila zoluntu lwesi sikolo.
uMgaqo-nkqubo Wesizwe Ojongene Nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo wenzelwe abafundi nabahlohli.
ukunyanzeliswa ukuba baziveze ukuba banayo na le ntsholongwane okanye abanayo.
ukugxothwa okanye bahliselwe ngenxa yokuba bephila nale ntsholongwane.
ukuphathwa ngendlela enomkhethe nangaluphi na uhlobo ngenxa yokuba bephila nale ntsholongwane.
Abafundi, abahlohli kwakunye nabazali kufuneka banikwe ulwazi oluchanekileyo. Oku ke kufuneka kulandeliswe ngenkqubo yeengcebiso, ukuba kuyimfuneko. Le meko kufuneka isonjululwe yinqunun ngoncedo lwequmrhu elilawula eso sikolo ukuba kuyanzeleka.
Iqumrhu elawula isikolo kufuneka iqulunqe ze iphuhlise umgaqo-nkqubo wesikolo sayo ngentsebenziswano nabanye abantu abababdakanyekayo kwimiba yeso sikolo. Oku ke kungenziwa ngokusekwa kweKomiti yeso sikolo Ecebisa Kwimiba Yezempilo. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo awunakungahambelani nemigaqo engundoqo yomgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe futhi kufuneka ijolise ekudaleni isikolo apho abantu abaphila nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baya kuphathwa ngendlela enobulungisa, enobuntu neqinisa imigangatho yobuntu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.17445.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Nceda uqwalasele ukuba esi sibhalo asenzelwanga kuba ngumkhomba-ndlela ogqibeleleyo ngokwenziwa kwemiyolelo. Umyolelo luxwebhu oludinga iingcali, ekudingeka ukuba lwenziwe yingcali efana negqwetha okanye inkampani eqeshelwe ukulawula impahla yabantu. Olu lwazi lwenzelwe ukwazisa abantu ngemiba engundoqo kwimiyolelo.
Ngubani onakho ukwenza umyolelo?
Ngubani onokuba lingqina ekwenziweni kumyolelo?
Ziintoni ezifunekayo xa kusenziwa umyolelo?
Ziintoni ezifunekayo ekwenziweni komyolelo futhi kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingakwazi ukutyikitya igama lam?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndifuna ukwenza izilungiso kumyolelo wam?
Ingaba kufuneka ndenze izilungiso kumyolelo wam emva kokuba ndiwuqhawule umtshato wam?
Kuya kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingawushiyi umyolelo?
Nabani na oneminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu leminyaka ubudala nangaphezulu, ngaphandle kokuba ngexesha lokwenziwa kwaloo myolelo umntu lowo ebengekho zingqondweni zokuzicingisisa iziphumo zokwenziwa kwaloo myolelo.
Nabani na ominyaka ilishumi elinesine leminyaka ubudala nangaphezulu onokuthi ngelo xesha angqina kulolo myolelo abe unakho ukunikezela ubungqina enkundleni.
Umntu oza kufumana impahla ngokomyolelo akanakho ukutyikitya njengengqina, ngoba kaloku uya kwalelwa ekubeni afumane nto kuloo myolelo. Kodwa ke kukho iimeko ezithile ezixolelelekayo kulo mthetho. Dibana nommeli wakho kwezomthetho ngalo mba.
Ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kweyoMqungu ngonyaka ka-1954, yonke imiyolelo kufuneka ibhalwe phantsi. Inokubhalwa ngesandla, ichwethezwe okanye ibhalwe ngomatshini wokubhala.
Umnini-mpahla (umntu owenza lo myolelo) kufuneka atyikitye kwiphepha lokugqibela lalo myolelo.
Umnini-mpahla kufuneka atyikitye onke amanye amaphepha alo myolelo naphi na apha ephepheni.
Umnini-mpahla kufuneka atyikitye lo myolelo phambi kwamangqina anakho ukutyikitya, amabini okanye nangaphezulu.
Amangqina kufuneka aqinisekise futhi atyikitye xa kusenziwa lo myolelo, phambi komnini-mpahla kwakunye nawo omabini abekho.
Ungacela omnye umntu akutyikityele umyolelo lo, okanye ungawutyikitya lo myolelo ngokuthi wenze nje uphawu (umzekelo, umzila womnwe omkhulu okanye u-'x').
Ukuba wenziwa emva komhla wokuqala kwinyanga yoMqungu kunyaka ka-1954, umyolelo lowo kufuneka ube ubhalwe phantsi. Ungabhalwa ngesandla, uchwethezwe okanye ubhalwe ngomatshini wokubhala.
Umnini-mpahla kufuneka atyikitye lo myolelo ekupheleni kwephepha lokugqibela ngokuthi enze uphawu, okanye ukuba omnye umntu uthi amtyikityele, loo mntu kufuneka atyikitye phambi futhi ngokwemiyalelo yomnini-mpahla lowo.
Uphawu okanye umtyikityo walo mntu utyikityela umnini-mpahla kufuneka wenziwe phambi kwamangqina akufaneleyo oko amabini okanye nangaphezulu kwakunye nomkomishinala wezifungo.
Amangqina kufuneka aqinisekise ze atyikitye lo myolelo phambi komnini-mpahla/ kunye nawo onke loo mangqina abekho futhi ukuba umyolelo lowo utyikitywe ngomnye umntu, phambi kwakhe naloo mntu kwakunye nomkomishinala wezifungo.
Ukuba umyolelo wenziwa ngamaphepha angaphezu kwesinye, onke amaphepha ngaphandle kwelokugqibela kufuneka atyikitywe ngumnini-mpahla okanye ngumntu otyikityela umnini-mpahla naphi na apho ephepheni.
UMkomishinala wezifungo kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba wanelisekile ziinkcukacha zomnini-mpahla futhi nomyolelo lowo ngowomnini-mpahla.
UMkomishinala wezifungo kufuneka atyikitye isiqinisekiso nephepha ngalinye lomyolelo, naphi na apho ephepheni.
I-codicil luludwe lwenkqubo okanye isihlomelo kumyolelo osele ukho. I-codicil kufunela ihambelane kwaneemfuno ezifanayo nezomyolelo osele usebenza (ezidweliswe phezulu apha).
I-Codicil akufuneki de ityikitywe kwangala mangqina atyikitya la myolelo wokuqala.
Izilungiso kumyolelo zingenziwa kuphela xa usenza loo myolelo okanye emva kosuku lokwenziwa kwaloo myolelo. Izilungiso kumyolelo kufuneka zihambelane kwaneemfuno ezifanayo nezo zomyolelo osele usebenza (ezidweliswe phezulu apha).
Xa usenza izilungiso kumyolelo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba kutyikitye kwala mangqina atyikitya umyolelo wokuqala kwizilungiso ezo.
Impahla eya kowayesakuba liqabane lakho ngokomyolelo owawenza ngaphambi kokuqhawulwa komtshato wakho, ayinakusuka yohluthwe emva kokuqhawulwa komtshato wakho.
UMthetho iWills Act uthi, ngaphandle kokuba uza nelinye icebo, impahla eya kwiqabane eniqhawule umtshato nalo, iya kurhoxiswa ukuba uthi usutywe kukufa kwiinyanga nje ezintathu emva kokuqhawulwa komtshato wakho.
Oku kunika umntu oqhawule umtshato iinyanga ezintathu zokuba enze izilungiso kumyolelo wakhe emva kwaloo mtshato.
Ukuba akuwutshintshi umyolelo wakho kwiinyanga nje ezintathu emva kokuqhawulwa komtshato wakho, iqabane oqhawule umtshato nalo liya kufumana ilifa njengoko kuyalelwe kumyolelo lowo.
Impahla yabantu abathi basutywa kukufa bengenzanga miyolelo futhi abampahla yabo ilawulwa ngokwemigaqo yemithetho yamasiko, kufuneka kunikezelwe ingxelo ngaloo mpahla kuMantyi wengingqi umnini-mpahla lowo ungasekhoyo ebehlala kuyo ngexesha esutywa kukufa. Kufuneka kudityenwe nomantyi waloo ngingqi ngendlela eza kwabiwa ngayo loo mpahla ilawulwa ngokwemigaqo yemithetho yamasiko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.32303.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba usabhidekile ngumcimbi weenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika Olu xwebhu ke lucacisa ubume beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika, yaye luneenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeenkundla ndawonye namakhonkco akuqhagamshela kwizigqibo zazo ezifumaneka kwi-internet?
Circuit Courts iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye neeNkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi iiNkundla Zokuqhawulwa Komtshato iiNkundla Zamabango Emihlaba iNkundla Yamanzi iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci iiNkundla Zoomantyi iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni kwakunye Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani iNkundla yoMgaqo-sisekoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kwimicimbi echaphazela uMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika. Izigqibo zale nkundla ngomgaqo-siseko ziyabophelela kuzo zonke ezinye iinkundla. Le nkundla yenziwa ziijaji ezilithoba. Intloko yeNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yiJaji Enkulu Yesizwe uPius Langa ze ijaji uDikgang Moseneke abe liSekela lakhe. Le nkundla ke iqale ukubakho kweli lizwe ngo-1994.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla kwiwebsite yenkundla yomgaqo-siseko.
iNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhenoyinkundla eba nelizwi lokugqibela kuyo yonke imicimbi, ngaphandle kwaleyo ichaphazela umgaqo-siseko. Umzekelo, zonke iimeko zokufakwa kwezibheno zamatyala olwaphulo-mthetho ezisuka kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ziphelela kule nkundla, ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso ke sinento yokwenza nomthetho olawula umgaqo-siseko, apho ke iya kuba yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko eya kuba nelizwi lokugqibela. INkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno yayisa kubizwa "iCandelo Lezibheno", njengoko ihlalela amatyala kwizibheno kuphela. Izigqibo zeNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ziyabophelela kuzo zonke iinkundla ezingaphantsi ngokwamagunya. UMongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngobekekileyo uCT Howie ze obekekileyo naye uL Mpati abe lisekela lakhe.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
Elandelayo "kwinkundla ezimagunya makhulu" yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, eyayisa kubizwa iNkundla Ephakamileyo". Amacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo "anamagunya okugweba" - ilungelo lokuchophela ityala - kwiindawo ezithile azisikelweyo nabekwe kuzo, yaye izigqibo zeeNkundla Eziphakamileyo ziyabophelela kwiinkundla zoomantyi ezikwiindawo ezikuzo ezi ziphakamileyo. Amancandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo anelungelo lokuchophela amatyala nangayiphi na imicimbi kodwa ke kwiingingqi asikelwe zona, kodwa ke asoloko echophela imiba yeembambano zoluntu ebandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000, kwakunye namatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. La macandelo akwachophela naziphi na izibheno ukuhlalutywa kwamatyala asuka kwiinkundla ezikumgangatho ongaphantsi (iinkundla zoomantyi) ezisebenza kwiingingqi zezi nkundla ziphakamileyo. INkundla Ephakamileyo ngokwesiqhelo ke ichophela nayiphi na imiba ubume bomntu othile (umzekelo, isicelo sokugcina kukhuliswe umntwana womnye umzali, ukubhanga komntu okanye ishishini).
Kufuneka kuhlanganwe neGqwetha Lemicimbi Yosapho kuyo yonke imicimbi echaphazela abantwana, njengoko iNkundla Ephakamileyo "ingumzali onamagunya amakhulu" kubo bonke abantwana baseMzantsi Afrika.
uMphathi weNkundla Ephakamileyo ugcina iimpepha ezinento yokwenza nempahla yabantu (abangasekhoyo okanye ababhangileyo).
uMthunywa weNkundla uhambisa iimpepha ezithile kubantu abathile kwityala lembambano, ze athimbe impahla xa efumene igunya lokwenza oko.
uMlawuli Wotshutshiso Loluntu, owayesa kubizwa ngjengeGqwetha Elikhulu, unoxanduva lokutshutshisa abaphuli-mthetho egameni lombuso.
Igqwetha Lombuso ligqwetha elimela umbuso kwiintshukumo zeembambano ezibandakanya umbuso (apho umbuso ufaka isimangalo okanye umangalelwa khona).
Okwakaloku nje kusekho ishumi "lamacandelo amaphondo" ale Nkundla Iphakamileyo kwakunye "namacandelo ezixeko" amathathu (acandelo lawo asebenza kwiingingqi ezithile azisikelwe ngamacandelo amaphondo ale nkundla ze abe namagunya kwiingingqi ezithile phantsi kwecandelo lephondo). La macandelo azixeko ke asasebenzisa indlela exesha likarhulumente wangaphambili elingaphambi kuka-1994, owayesebenza ngamaphandle namaphondo amane. Umzekelo, iCandelo lale Nkundla Iphakamileyo eliseKapa libizwa ngokuba yiNkundla Ephakamileyo yoMzantsi Afrika: iCandelo lePhondo leCape of Good Hope ze ijaji yalo eyongameleyo ibe nguJaji uJohn Hlophe.
Xa uMthetho Osaqulunqwayo Weenkundla Ezikumgangatho Ophakamileyo sele uwisiwe, kuya kubakho iCandelo leNkundla Ephakamileyo kwiphondo ngalinye kula asithoba eli lizwe, abe namagama angqamanayo nalawo amaphondo akuwo kwakunye "nezihlalo" ezingapha kwesinye kumaphondo athile. Iphondo leRhawuti liya kuba namacandelo amabini, elisemazantsi (iRhawuti) nelisemantla (iPitoli).
Inombolo Yomnxeba: 021 480 2411.
Ungazifunda izigqibo zale nkundla apha.
iiNkundla Ezijikelezayo ziyingxenye yeNkundla Ephakamileyo. Zihlala ubuncinci kabini ngonyaka, yaye ziyajikeleza zandise iingingqi ezisemaphandleni ezinokuncedakala. Zingaqhagamsheleka ngokuthi umntu ahlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iiNkundla Ezizodwa Zerhafu Yengeniso zihlala kumacandelo eNkundla Ephakamileyo yaye ziquka iJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo encediswa ngumgcini-zincwadi onamava angekho ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka, gosa elo limele icandelo loshishino. Le nkundla ichophela zonke iimbambano eziphakathi komhlawuli-rhafu kunye necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika, apho imbambano ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu yengeniso engaphezu kwe-R100 000. Izibheno kwizigqibo zale nkundla zisiwa ngqo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno. Iimbambano zerhafu ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwerhafu engaphantsi kwe-R100 000 zisiwa kwiBhodi Yerhafu. USihlalo wale Bhodi Yerhafu ligqwetha, igqwetha elikhulu okanye umgcini-zincwadi osebenza kwicandelo labucala lezoshishino oqeshwe nguMongameli welizwe ngenjongo yokuba ngusihlalo wale Bhodi. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Eyodwa Yemicimbi Yerhafu Yengneniso ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibhreno ze uqhagamshelane neBhodi Yerhafu ngokuthi uhlangane necandelo Lenkonzo Yokubuthwa Kwerhafu eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwakaloku nje kukwakho neeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi kwakunye Neenkundla Zezibheno Kwimicimbi Yabasebenzi, ezinegunya lokugweba kwimicimbi yabasebenzi yaye zikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo. Noxa kunjalo, the umthetho osaqulunqwayo iSuperior Courts Bill uya kuziphelisa ezi nkundla zemicimbi yabasebenzi ze uzifake phantsi kweNkundla Ephakamileyo. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Ephakamileyo ngokuthi uhlangane neNkundla Ephakamileyo okanye ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeeNkundla Zemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
iNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba ikwinqanaba elilinganayo neleNkundla Ephakamileyo kodwa ke izimele ayixhomekekanga kule iphakamileyo. Le nkundla yasekwa ngo-1996 yaye ichophela amatyala anento yokwenza nokubuyiswa kwemihlaba eyathatyathwa ngexesha lenkqubo yobandlululo (amatyala okulungiswa kwemicimbi echaphazela imihlaba). INkundla Yamabango Emihlaba inemigaqo yayo yaye ivumelekile ukuba iqhube iinkqubo zayo noluntu ngaphandle kokuba senkundleni nangezinye iindlela ezingaqhelekanga (apho ijaji ibuza amangqina, ingagqithi kumagqwetha awo) yaye le nkundla ingalichophela ityala naphi na apho ithande ukulichophela khona, nangona eyona ofisi yayo nje iseRandburg. Izibheno zithunyelwa kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno ngaphandle kokuba isibheno eso siqonde kumcimbi womgaqo-siseko, meko leyo ke iya kunyanzelisa ukuba isibheno eso sithunyelwe kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko. uMongameli weNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba nguFikile Bam.
Ungafikelela kwizigwebo zeNkundla Yamabango Emihlaba apha.
iNkundla Yamanzi enegunya lokuchophela amatyala kuwo onke amaphondo yaye amagosa ayo ngusihlalo, isekela lakhe namalungu ongezelelweyo. Inegunya lokungenelela igwebe kwimicimbi ebandakanya amanzi. Amalungu eNkundla Yamanzi kufuneka abe nolwazi lomthetho, ubunjineli ulawulo lwezibonelelo zamanzi okanye ulwazi lwecandelo elisondeleyo. La malungu aqeshwa nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso zeKomishoni Yeenkonzo Zomthetho, eliqumrhu elichonga iijaji. Le Nkundla Yamanzi ithabathe indawo yeNkundla Yamanzi ngo-1998. Ungaqhagamshelana neNkundla Yamanzi ngokuthi ugqithe kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
iKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso(iTRC) yayingeyonkundla iyiyo kodwa isikhundla nje esahlukileyo esasisekelwe ukuchophela amatyala ngexesha lobandlululo egameni lombuso welo xesha. Ikomiti Yoxolelwaniso yayinamagunya okuxolela (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba umenzi wobubi akanakutshutshiswa) abenzi bobubi bopolitiko eluntwini abavumileyo nabaxele konke abakwaziyo, oko ke kukuthi inyaniso, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. IKomiti Eyayijongene Nokunyhashwa Kwamalungelo Oluntu yayiyiyo ethabatha izigqibo ngokuba zeziphi na izenzo ezazikukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo ezanikezelwa kule komishoni yenyaniso noxolelwaniso. Emva kokuchongwa kwamaxhoba okunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, loo maxhoba ayethunyelwa kwiKomiti Yezilungiso Nokuthuthuzelwa, eyayithabatha izigqibo ngokuba mawabuyekezwe njani na amaxhoba lawo. Imisebenzi yale komishoni sele usiya ekuqoshelisweni. Abo bangazange bafumane kuxolelwa yiKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso ngezenzo ezibi abazenzayo ngexesha lobandlululo bangatshutshiswa.
iiNkundla Zoomantyi ziinkundla ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi nezichophela namatyala amaninzi. Zahlula-hlulwe yaziinkundla zemimandla neenkundla zezithili. Zingaphezu kwama-400 iinkundla zoomantyi eMzantsi Afrika. Azinalo igunya lokungenelela nokuchophela amatyala eembambano abandakanya iimali ezingaphezu kwe-R100 000 (ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bavumelana ekubebi behlise isixa eso sibe ngaphantsi kwe-R100 000). Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, amatyala amakhulu anobuzaza olwaphulo achotshelwa ziinkundla zemimandla. Oku ke kungenxa yokuba iinkundla zezithili azinakho ukuwisa izigwebo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu kumntu ofunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho. Awona matyala olwaphulo-mthetho amasikizi kakhulu achotshelwa yiNkundla Ephakamileyo. Kukwakho nothotho lweenkundla zoomantyi ezenziwe zakhetheka ukwenzela zikwazi ukumelana neentlobo ezithile zamatyala, nkundla ezo zifana nenkundla yamatyala odlwengulo eseWynberg. Ungalujonga uluhlu lweenkundal zoomantyi ezilapha eNtshona Koloni apha iiNkundla Zamabango Amancinci zinegunya lokuchophela lonke ityala lembambano elibandakanya imali engaphantsi kwama-R3000, ngaphandle kokuba ummangali nommangalelwa bayavumelana ekubeni basehlise esi sixa sibe ngaphantsi kwesi sixa. Ijaji yeNkundla Yamabango Amancinci ibizwa ngokuba ngumkomishinala yaye idla ngokuba ligqwetha elikhulu elisebenzayo, igqwetha okanye isifundiswa kwezomthetho osebenza njengomkomishinala ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa. Ummangali nommangalelwa abavumelekanga ukuba babe namagqwetha aza kubamela. Isigwebo salo mkomishinala asiphikiseki yaye asinakwenzelwa sibheno kwinkundla enkulu kunale. Ungaqhagamshelana neyona Nkundla Yamabango Amancinci ikufutshane nawe ngokuthi udlule kweyona Nkundla kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe.
iiNkundla Zemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni Neenkundla Zeenkosi Namahlakani nazo zikwanawo amagunya okuchophela amatyala athile kwinqanaba leenkundla zoomantyi. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuchophela amatyala eembambano ezibandakanya izithethe namasiko ngokwemigaqo yomthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe. Isikhulu esigunyazisiweyo kwintlalo nempilo yabemi bomthonyama okanye okanye isekela saso bangathabatha izigqibo ngamatyala besebenzisa umthetho olawula amasiko nezithethe, k tyala elo lisiwe kuloo nkundla ngummi womthonyama emangalela omnye ummi womthonyama kwingingqi esinegunya lokulawula kuyo eso sikhulu. Ezi nkundla ke zaziwa kakuhle njengeeenkundla zeenkosi. Umntu onebango afuna ukulisa enkundleni uyazikhethela ukuba alise enkundleni yenkosi okanye enkundleni kamantyi na elo bango. Qhagamshelana nenkosi yakho ukuba ungathanda ukusa ibango lakho lixoxwe kule nkundla yenkosi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.3419.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli ke liphetshana elinye elinikezela ngeenkcukacha-manani kwanokugqugqisa komhlaza webele kwakunye nemiba ebeka umntu esichengeni sokuhlaselwa lolu hlobo lomhlaza.
Izizwe zaseNtshona zizo ezithwaxwa kakhulu sisifo somhlaza webele - amashumi amathandathu ukuya kwasixhenxe kwikhulu lamawaka ngalinye lamanina.
Umhlaza webele lolona hlobo lomhlaza lungenanto yakwenza nolusu olufumanekayo kumanina ze ube sesona sizathu sokuhlaselwa ngumhlaza kumanina aseMzantsi Afrika okwakaloku nje (16.6 %).
Olu hlobo lomhlaza lolona luhlasela amanina amhlophe nawama-Asia (17.9% and 24.4% ngokulandelelana), ngaphandle ke komhlaza wolusu.
Wonke umntu wasetyhini usecicini lokosuleleka nguMhlaza Webele. Izinga lalo mngcipheko ke lenyuka nokukhula komntu.
Zininzi izinto esele zifunyaniswe njengezibangela uMhlaza Webele. Noko kunjalo ke kodwa, zonke ezi meko zenza kuphela isinye esithathwini kwiimeko zokosuleleka sesi sifo. Zonke ezinye iimeko zisala zingaziwa , kodwa ke kukho amaphulo ehlabathi asaziphandayo.
Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, ulwazi ngezinto ezinokubeka umntu esichengeni alusetyenziswa ngeenjongo zokuthintela ukosuleleka koluntu ngulo mhlaza, ngoko ke elona cebo lingcono lokunciphisa izinga lokubulawa kwamanina ngumhlaza webele kukusifumanisa esi sifo kuselixesha.
Izimvo ezininzi zikholelwa ekubeni ezinye zezinto ezibangela ukosuleleka sesi sifo ziquka imfuzo, iintlobo zokutya, imiba yendalo engqongileyo, iintshukumo zencindi yedlala okanye zontathu ezi meko.
Amathumba amaninzi (malunga nama-80%) awawanabungozi kodwa kodwa ithumba elinye linokuba luphawu olubonakala ngexesha elihle lokuhlaselwa ngumhlaza webele. Nayiphi na inguqu ke ngoko kufuneka ifumane iliso elibukhali likagqirha.
Isifo sebele yinto eqhelekileyo. Siqalisa njengethumba okanye ukuqina ebeleni, bele elo kufuneka livavanywe yiklinikhi.
Ukuzivavanya Ibele yindlela yokuzikhangela umhlaza webele onokuyisebenzisa ndawonye novavanyo lwebele ngugqirha wakho (ukufotwa kwebele).
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.3520.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli ke liphetshana Elinikezela Ingcaciso Ngomhlaza Wesibeleko Kubasebenzi Bononophelo Lwempilo.
Iphetshana elenzelwe abasebenzi becandelo lononophelo lwempilo ngobuzaza bomhlaza wesibeleko, indlela ogqugqisa ngayo, ubudala bamanina akowona mngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sesi sifo nokuba kungenziwa ntoni na ngaso.
Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lolona hlobo lomhlaza lixhaphakileyo kumanina aseMzantsi Afrika.
Umntu ngamnye kumanina angama-41 eMzantsi Afrika uya kuthi ahlaselwe sesi sifo ekuphileni kwakhe.
Umhlaza wesibeleko uthinteleka ngokuthi kuhlolwe isibeleko kukhangelwa ukuba asikho mngciphekweni wakuhlaseleka na, hlolo olo lunokukhangela izinto ezingaqhelekanga nezidla ngokubakho xa umntu eza kuhlaselwa sisifo somhlaza, esaziwa ngokuba sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kwisibeleko nesele sisaziwa njengesilonda esingaphakathi kwisibeleko ngaphakathi.
Iinkqubo zeemvavanyo ezijoliswe kubemi bamazwe ngamazwe kwihlabathi lonke jikelele zibonakalise ukwehla kweemeko ezintsha zokuhlaselwa kwamanina ngumhlaza wesibeleko, nakwiimeko apho ezi nkqubo zingakhange zigqibelele ngokomgangatho.
Abantu basetyhini abasebatsha badla ngokuba neSIL ekumgangatho ophantsi. Uninzi lwala makhwiniba azibyela kwisimo sesiqhelo kwangokwawo. Abantu basetyhini abasele bekhulile abanala makhwiniba, noxa kunjalo, anethuba elikhulu lokukhula abe sisifo somhlaza.
Kuthatha malunga neshumi ukuya kumashumi amabini eminyaka ukukhula kwala maqalela esi sifo de abe sisifo somhlaza wesibeleko esigqibeleleyo.
Amanina abudala bungama-30 eminyaka nangaphezulu kufuneka afumane ezi mvavanyo zomhlaza wesibeleko kathathu . Ezi mvavanyo ke kufuneka zishiyane ngeshumi leminyaka. Ezi mvavanyo ezifana nezi zixelwe ngentla apha njengoko besele zichazwe njengezicutha ukubulawa sesi sifo ngamashumi amathandathu anesixhenxe ekhulwini yaye zithatyathwa njengeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu empokothweni yokulwa nesifo somhlaza wesibeleko apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini uneempawu ezithile okanye ukhe wenziwa uvavanyo olungakhange lufane nezinye mhlawumbi ngenxa yeempawu abe nazo okanye mhlawumbi kukho izikhokelo ezivela eklinikhi, umntu lowo angazifumana iimvavanyo ezisimahla sesifo somhlaza wesibeleko ngaphezu kwezo zintathu azifumanayo.
Ukuba umntu othile wasetyhini ufuna iimvavanyo zesi sifo ezingaphezu kwesithathu asifumana simahla, kuya kufuneka azihlawulele ngokwakhe ezo azo zongezelelwayo.
Ukuba umntu wasetyhini lowo unama-55 nangaphezulu eminyaka ubudala ngexesha afumana uvavanyo lwakhe lokuqala lwesifo somhlaza wesibeleko, yaye uvavanyo olo alunamakhwiniba, akufuneki kuphindwe kwenziwe zimvavanyo kuye.
Ukufundiswa koluntu ekuhlaleni ngokubaluleka kweemvavanyo zesifo somhlaza wesibeleko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.66371.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I &gt Ixesha Lokuthabatha Umhlala-phantsi: Athini Amalungelo Akho?
Ixesha Lokuthabatha Umhlala-phantsi: Athini Amalungelo Akho?
Ekugqibeleni, wonke umntu kufuneka eyekile ukusebenza. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukuyeka ukusebenza beselula noko kanti abanye ke abanye basebenza de baphelelwe ngamandla. Nokuba ukhetha yiphi na kwezi, kufuneka uwazile amalungelo akho nezinto onokukhetha ukuzenza.
Imithetho elawula imicimbi yabasebenzi ayinanto ithe ngqo iyithethayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi. Noko kunjalo ke, ikwatsho ukuba akukho mntu uya kuxhatshazwa asengelwe phantsi ngenxa yobudala bakhe. Oku ke kuthethe ukuba umqeshi nomqeshwa kufuneka bavumelane ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi.
Xa isibhambathiso sakho sesivumelwano sengqesho sifuna ukuba uthabathe umhlala-phantsi xa ubudala buthile.
Xa wawufikelele kwisigqibo nomqeshi wakho ngexesha emawuwuthabathe ngalo umhlala-phantsi okanye ke xa isisithethe saloo nkampani ukuba abaqeshwa bathabathe imihlala-phantsi xa bebudala buthile.
Xa kungekho kukhankanywa kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi kwisivumelwano sakho sengqesho yaye akuzange ufikelele kwisivumelwano ngoku nomqeshi wakho.
Ukuba uthi utyikitye isibhambathiso sesivumelwano sengqesho esichaza ixesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, ngokomthetho ke kuya kufuneka uthabathe umhlala-phantsi ngelo xesha likhankanywe apho. Inkampani leyo ayinakunyanzeliswa ukuba ikwazise kwangethuba.
Ukuba ixesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi alikho kwisibhambathiso sakho sesivumelwano sengqesho kodwa kwakuvunyelwene ngaso okanye ke ukuba sikho isithethe saloo nkampani sokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, umqeshi ke ngoko angakunika isaziso esikuchazela ukuba kufuneka uwuthabathe umhlala-phantsi wakho xa ufikelela kwiminyaka ethile yobudala. Ixesha lesi saziso liya kulingana nelo lesaziso sokupheliswa kwengqesho esithiwe thaca kwisibhambathiso sakho sengqesho.
Kuxa kutheni xa kufuneka kubekho isithethe sokuthatyathwa komhlala-phantsi kuloo nkampani Kuxa kukho ulwazi oluphangaleleyo lokuba ixesha okanye ubudala "obuqhelekileyo" bokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi ngama-55, ama-60 okanye ama-65 eminyaka kodwa ke olu lwazi luphangalele kakhulu ukuba lungalulutho okanye lusetyenziswe kwiimeko ezithile?
Ukuba akukho kukhankanywa kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi lifanelekileyo kwisibhambathiso sakho sengqesho yaye inkampani leyo ayinasithethe sexesha elithile lokuthatyathwa komhlala-phantsi, ungaqhubekeka ke usebenze de ube kanti akusakwazi kuwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wakho. Umqeshi wakho angayiphelisa ingqesho yakho kuphela ngokwemigaqo yemithetho karhulumente elawula imicimbi yengqesho (oko ke kukungaziphathi kakuhle, iimfuno zengqesho okanye ukungakwazi kuwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wakho) yaye kuya kufuneka alandele imigaqo ethiwe thaca kwisibhambathiso sokuqeshwa kwakho naleyo ikwimithetho karhulumente elawula imicimbi yengqesho. Iinkundla zikufumanise ikukuxhaphaza nokusengela phantsi into yokuba umqeshi wakho aphelise ingqesho yakho ngenxa yobudala bakho.
Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha ngomthetho onento yokwenza nokugxothwa, khawujonge isikhokelo somthetho iLabour Relations Act seSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi esinezihloko esithi "Yazi iLRA Yakho".
Akukho nto icacileyo ngokomthetho ebhekiselele kumalungelo omqeshwa oqhubekeka asebenze emva kokufika kwexesha lakhe lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi. Kuyingcebiso entle ke ukuba umqeshi nomqeshwa bayicacise ngokuphandle imiqathango yengqesho emva kokufika kwexesha lokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi, umzekelo: ukuba umqeshwa lo uya kuqhubekeka asebenze ixesha elingakanani na emva kokufika kwexesha lokutabatha kwakhe umhlala-phantsi yaye sesiphi na isaziso sokupheliswa kwengqesho esidingekayo ukuphelisa le ingqesho.
Emva kokuthabatha umhlala-phantsi ngokwesiqhelo uya kuxhomekeka kwingxwa-mali yomhlala-phantsi okanye ke leyo wawuyenzele ukulungiselela ixesha elinjengeli ukuze ube nokuphila.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.77525.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lidiza ezinye zezona zinto ezibangela ukutya ityhefu, ndawonye neengcebiso ngeendlela zokuthintela ukutyhefwa, nokuba kufuneka wenze ntoni na uthe watya ityhefu ngempazamo.
Abantwana aba bandwebe indalo yaye bangathanda kakhulu ukuzivela. Ayothusi ke neyokuba ngaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eepesenti zeemeko zokutyiwa kwetyhefu ngempazamo zibandakanya abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engaphantsi kwesihlanu ubudala.
Uninzi lweemeko zokutyiwa kwetyhefu ngempazamo zibandakanya amayeza neziyobisi ezishiywe kwiindawo abanokufikelela kuzo abantwana.
Abantwana aba bakhe bazame nokusela iimveliso zasekhayeni ezifana neparaffin namanye amchiza okucoca, ingakumbi ukuba ezi mveliso zigalelwe kwiibhotile okanye kwizinto ekuqhele ukufakwa kuzo iziselo okanye ukutya.
Ukutya iityhefu ezinobuzaza, ezifana ne-lead, kungenzeka ngamaxesha athile ebantwaneni abahlala kwiingingqi ezingcolileyo ezifana nezo kukho kuzo imizi-mveliso nezintyalo ezinamachiza.
Qinisekisa ukuba amayeza, iziyobisi, izinto zokupheka kwakunye neemveliso zokucoca zibekelwa kude ebantwaneni, kwiikhabhathi ezitshixiweyo.
Sebenzisa izinto zokufaka ezineziciko ezikhuselekileyo xa ufaka ezi mveliso.
Zifake kwizinto ekungenakucingwa ukuba ziziselo okanye iibhotile zeelekese.
Ungaze ubeke ukutya namachiza okucoca okanye ukutya namayeza ndawonye.
Abantu abadala kufuneka bakuthintele ukusebenzisa amayeza phambi kwabantwana, njengoko abantwana aba bethanda kakhulu ukulingsnisa.
Kuthintele ukugcina amachyiza anetyhefu kwiibhotile ezingaphawulwanga.
Gcina izibulali-zinambuzane kwakunye nezibulali zokhula kwiindawo ezingabonakaliyo nezingafikelelekiyo ebantwaneni.
Kwiingingqi ezinemizi-mveliso kubalulekile ukuba ingingqi nganye isoloko iphantsi kweliso labahloli ukuqinisekisa ukuba amachiza lawo awafikeleli kumanqanaba aphezulu nanobungozi ngokungamkelekiyo.
Fumana ichiza okanye into ebelikuyo elo chiza ukrokrela ukuba umntwana lowo uliginyile okanye uliphethe. Ligcine elo chiza okanye loo nto ibihleli elo chiza ukuze uye nayo nayo eklinikhi okanye esibhedlele.
Ukuba umntwana lowo usesezingqondweni yaye kubanakala iimpawu zokuba uginye ityhefu, ungazama ukumgabhisa.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uginye ichiza lokucoca okanye iasidi enobungozi, musa ukumniika nantoni na yokusela kuba kaloku isiselo eso singangahlangani netyhefu leyo ze zenze umonakalo omkhulu ngaphakathi esiswini somntwana.
Ukuba umntwana uthe waphatha ichiza elinganobungozi kulusu lwakhe ngokuphathwa nje, mkhulule loo mpahla inokuba yosulelekileze umhlambe ulusu, iinwele neenzipho - uqale ngamanzi acocekileyo ze ulandelise ngokuwahlanganisa nesepha. Yithi ke ekugqibeleni uhlambisise ulusu olo ze ulosule.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uthe wangenwa lelo chiza linobungozi emehlweni, hlamba iliso elo ngocoselelo ngamanzi adikidiki isithuba sexesha elifikelela kwishumi lemizuzu.
Gcina umntwana lowo ngendlela aza kuziva kamnandi ze umse kwelona ziko lononophelo lwempilo likufutshane nendawo enihlala kuyo.
Ngalo naluphi na uncedo olufunayo, qhagamshelana neklinikhi ekufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane uncedo lolusuka kwiingcali.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.81134.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imasisi le sesona sifo sinobuzaza kuzo zonke izifo ezithi zihlasele abantwana. Uphawu lokuqala ngumkhuhlane okwizinga eliphezulu olandelwa yirhwashalala erhawuzelayo emzimbeni wonke. Lo mkhuhlane ukwalandelwa kukukhohlela, iimpumlo ezivuzayo kwakunye namehlo abomvu. Imasisi le ingabangela ezinye izifo ezinobuzaza, ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga, ukungaboni nokusweleka.
Ibangelwa yintoni imasisi le yona?
Imasisi ibangelwa ligciwane elincinci yintsholongwane yemasisi. Ayibonakali ngeliso lenyama. Isasazeka xa umntwana ophila nemasisi ekhohlela okanye ethimla. Abantwana abakhe banayo imasisi abaphindi babe nayo okwesibini. Abantwana abaninzi abayigonyelwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo imasisi abayi kuhlaselwa yiyo.
Kutheni isisifo enobuzaza nje imasisi?
Abantwana abaselula, abathi bayoyise imasisi le baye baye baqhokrwe sesi sifo yaye bangathi ekuhambeni kwexesha babulawe kukungondleki okanye zezinye izifo. Imasisi le ikwayenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo nokungaboni. Ikota yabo bonke bonke abantwana abathi babulawa yimasisi basutywe kukufa bebudala bungaphantsi konyaka. Imasisi kubantwana abadadlana kunoku ivela kuphela njengokugqabhuka kwesi sifo, xa amaqela amaninzi abantwana bethi bahlaselwe sesi sifo ngaxesha-nye.
Umngcipheko wokugqabhuka kwesifo imasisi uba mkhulu xa amaqela abantwana ehlangana kunye umzekelo kumakhaya agcina iintsana, kumaziko anonophela iintsana nasezikolweni.
Ingaba kubalulekile na ukugonya abantwana kumaphulo okunqanda esi sifo?
Ewe - KUBALULEKILE ukusa abantwana kwiinaliti EZIZEZINYE ngexesha lephulo lokunqanda ukugqabhuka kwesi sifo. Abantwana abathi baphosane neli phulo lokunqanda imasisi banokungakhuseleki ngokugqibeleleyo kule ntsholongwane yemasisi.
Ndive ukuba abazali okanye abantu abagcina abantwana kufuneka baye kutyikitya iphetshana elinikezela imvume yokufakwa kwale naliti yesibini ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe nokuyigonyelwa okweisibini. Ingaba yinyaniso le?
Ukuba umntwana lowo uza kugonyelwa esikolweni okanye kwikhaya eligcina linonophele iintsana okanye isikolo apho umzali angekhoyo ngexesha lolu gonyo, kuya kunikezelwa ngephetshana elifuna ukugcwaliswa ngemvume yomzali okanye umgcini-mntwana ngaphambi kolo gonyo. Eli xesha ke lithuba lokunika abazali ulwazi olupheleleyo ngale naliti yesibini yokukhusela umntwana kwimasisi.
Kule meko ke, ukuba uthi uluvumele olu gonyo, nceda ugcwalise ze utyikitye ze uyibuyisele kwakhona kweli ziko okanye kwesi sikolo. Umntwana lowo wakho ke uya kuthi alufumane ugonyo olo ukuba elo phepha lemvume lityikityiwe ze labuyiswa kwangethuba!
Ukuba uthi use umntwana kwiziko logonyo ngethuba leli phulo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ugcwalise eli phetshana linikezela ngemvume.
Ipoliyo le sisifo esikhubazayo. Ibangelwa ligciwane elincinci kakhulu elibizwa ngokuba yintsholongwane yepoliyo. Ipoliyo le ingakhokelela ekuqhwaleleni isigxina, ukukhubazeka ze ekugqibeleni ikubulale. Nnenxa ke yolu gonyo lwenziwa ngamaxesha athile ebuntwaneni, apoliyo leikhe ayabonakala apha eMzantsi Afrika ukususela ngo-1989. Noko kunjalo kebekukhe kwakho ugqabhuko lwesi sifo kumazwe angabamelwane.
Ndingayinakana njani ipoliyo emntwaneni?
Ipoliyo le ingakrokreleka xa kuthe ngesiquphe umlenze okanye ingalo okanye amanye amalungu omzimba aphelelwa ngamandla okanye awakwazi ukusebenza. Oku kungasebenzi kumele ukuba akuzange kubekho ekuzalweni kwakho. Ukuba umntu lowo wayonzakele ngaphambi nje kakade phambi koku kungasebenzi okanye umntu lowo unembali yokungazinzi entloko, ambalwa amathuba okuba kuthi yipoliyo imbangi yoko kungasebenzi.
Nceda unikezele ingxelo nangayiphi na imeko yokungasebenzi okanye ukukhubazeka kwamalungu omzimba womntwana ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu ubudala (okungabangelwanga kukonzakala), kweyona klinikhi, sibhedlele okanye gqirha ukufutshane ukuze kwenziwe uphando. Kusenokuba yipoliyo!
Kutheni sinamaphulo awodwa okugonyela ipoliyo?
Senzeka ukugonya KABINI ngaphezu kolo lokuqala ugonyo kwelona nani labantwana likhulu, NGAXESHA-NYE. Oku ke kuthintela le ntsholongwane yepoliyo ekubeni isasazeke apha ebantwaneni.
Abantu bayathetha ngokupheliswa kwepoliyo, kuthetha ntoni oko?
uMzantsi Afrika uthabatha inxaxheba kwiinzame zokuphelisa ipoliyo kwihlabathi jikelele. Oku kuthetha ukuba le ntsholongwane iya kupheliswa nya kwihlabathi ngokubanzi. Xa le ntsholongwane yepoliyo ingasaphili, akuyi kuba yimfuneko ukuba abantwana bafumane ukugonyelwa ipoliyo.
Ingaba kubalulekile ukusa abantwana kumjikelo wokuqala nowesibini wephulo lokugonyela ipoliyo?
Ewe - KUBALULEKILE ukusa abantwana kumjikelo wokuqala KWANALOWO wesibini weli phulo lokugonyela ipoliyo, nokuba umntwana lowo ebekufumana kakuhle ukugonyelwa ipoliyo ngaphambili. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhuseleka kwabantwana kule ntsholongwane yepoliyo, amathontsi epoliyo kufuneka anikezelwe KABINI. Abantwana abathi bawuphose umjikelo wesibini abayi kukhuseleka ngokugqibeleleyo kule ntsholongwane yepoliyo.
Kwilizwe jikelele, iintsuku zokuqala zala maphulo ku-2004 ziya kuba ngumhla wama- 26 kwinyanga yeKhala (ezepoliyo nemasisi); ze ibe ngumhla wama-kweyeThupha (eyepoliyo kuphela). Ixesha eliza kuthatyathwa ngala maphulo liya kwahluka ngokwephondo.
Kutheni sinamaphulo okugonyela ipoliyo nemasisi nepoliyo nje?
Ukenzela ukuba sikwazi ukwenza olunye ugonyo lwemasisi nepoliyo ebantwaneni kangangoko sinakho, NGAXESHA-NYE. Oku ke kuthintela le ntsholongwane yepoliyo ukuba isasazeke ebantwaneni.
Kutheni lo mgonyo wongezelelekileyo wemasisi nepoliyo yenzelwe amaqela abantwana abakwiminyaka ethile kuphela nje?
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala lelona qela labantwana lihlaselwa kakhulu yimasisi nepoliyo ze badlulisele kwabanye le ntsholongwane.
Akunjalo! Bonke abantwana ababudala busukela lkusuku lokubeleka ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu bathi bafumane olu gonyo lwamaphulo ANGEZIWEYO okugonya.
Ingaba kufuneka ndiye phi ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wam akakuphosi ukugonywa kwixesha elizayo?
Thetha nomongikazi weklinikhi yakho, iinkokheli zasekuhlaleni kwakunye nabaqeshi ngeli phulo. Khangela okanye ujonge amaphetshana azisa ngogonyo kwanezibhengezo kunomathotholo eziya kwalathisa indlela eya kwisikhululo sogonyo.
Kuya kuthi kwenziwa iinzame ezizezinye ukusondeza iindawo ekwenziwa kuzo olu gonyo emakhayeni enu ngexesha leli phulo. Usenakho nokuya kwiklinikhi ekufutshane nawe. Amaqela agonyayo aya kutyelela amaziko ononophelo lwempilo asemini, amakhaya anonophela iintsana ndawonye nezikolo ngexesha leli phulo.
Ingaba kufuneka ndize nekhadi logonyo lomntwana wam?
Kunjalo, nceda uze nalo. Kubalulekile ukusoloko usiza nekhadi lakho nelomntwana wakho logonyo xa usiya eklinikhi okanye kugqirha. La makhadi ke asenokujongwa ngexesha lomnye wale mijikelo yogonyo. Kodwa ke nokuba kunokuthi kanti umntwana wakho ulilahlile elakhe okanye akazange abe nalo, nceda umse kugonyo.
Yintoni endiza kuyifumana kwindawo yogonyo?
Uya kubuzwa ukuba umntwana lowo ukwelo qela lifunwayo lobudala na. Njengokuba umphethe umntwana wakho, umntwana lowo uya kunikwa amathontsi abe mabini ze aphinde anikwe amanye ukuba uthi awatshice la wokuqala. Inaliti eyongezelelweyo yokugonyela imasisi iya kunikwa abantwana ababudala busukela kwiinyanga ezilithoba ukuya ngaphantsi nje kweminyaka emihlanu, ze kwangolo suku banikwe nala mathontsi okuthintela ipoliyo.
Ingaba umntwana angalufumana ugonyo?
Ukuba ungathanda ukuncedisa ekuphelisweni kwemasisi nepoliyo eMzantsi Afrika, nantsi indlela onokwenza ngayo oko okanye yokuzimanya.
Qhagamshelana neyona klinikhi yakho ikufutshane ze uthethe nayo. Kuya kubakho umongikazi oya kube ejongene nesi sikhululo sokugonya ngexesha lephulo lokugonya. AMAVOLONTIYA aya kunikwa imisebenzi.
Xelela wonke umntu ngeli phulo ze uqinisekise ukuba bayabazisa abantwana babo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.86404.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu shicilelo luqulethe iingcebiso ngokonga amanzi ekhayeni, emsebenzini kwanasesitiyeni sakho. Kungayinto elula nje ukonga ishumi ekhulwini kwimali oyihlawula emanzini ngonyaka, ngaphandle kokwenza nantoni na eza kuguqula kakhulu indlela obuphila ngayo ubomi bakho.
Yivale impompo xa uhlamba amazinyo akho (oku ke konga malunga namashumi amabini eelitha zamanzi), okanye xa ucheba iindevu (eli ke lona longa ukuya kumashumi amane anesihlanu eelitha zamanzi!).
Isitya sokuhlambela sisebenzisa amanzi abeleleka kwikhulu elinamashumi amathandathu eelitha zamanzi. Sebenzisa ishawa ebdaweni yesi sitya sokuhlambela, kodwa ke ukuba kunyzelekile ukuba usebenzise sona, sebenzisa isitya esincinane okanye uhlambe nomnye umntu.
Qinisekisa ukuba umatshini wakho wokuhlamba impahla kwakunye nesitya ohlambela kuso izitya zigcwele phambi kokuba uzisebenzise.
Cinga phambi kokuba uhlambisise iiglasi namacephe phantsi kwamanzi abalekayo.
Nciphisa amaxesha oyigungxula ngawo indlwana yangasese. Ukufaka isingxotyana esibizwa ngokuba yiHippo okanye ke ukubeka ibhotile yeplastiki ethwala iilitha ezimbini uyigcwalise ngamanzi kwithobi lendlu yakho yangasese kungakongela amanzi ama-7300 eelitha ngonyaka.
Khangela ukuba indlwana yakho yakho yangasese ayivuzi na ngokuthi ugalele amathontsasa edayi yokutya kwithobhi lakho - ukuba loo mbala ungena kweso sitya, iyavuza. Ukuvuza kwendlwana yangasese kungakuchithela amanzi afikelela kwiilitha ezingamashumi amathathu ngeyure!
Impompo echiphizayo ithontsi elinye ngomzuzwana ingakuchithela iilitha zamanzi ezifikelela kumashumi amathathu ngeyure - nto leyo eyenza ulahlekelwe lishumi lamawaka eelitha zamanzi ngonyaka!
Qinisekisa ukuba uyajonga ukuba indlwana yakho yangasese nempompo azivuzi ekhayeni lakho, esikolweni okanye emsebenzini ze ubize umntu ozilungisayo ukuba kukho ukuvuza okukhoyo. Ngamaxesha amaninzi imali ehlawulwayo ukungciba ukuvuza kubuyiswa ziintlawulo ezehlileyo zamanzi ngexesha elithile (amaxesha amaninzi ibuyiseka kwixesha elingaphantsi konyaka).
Ingaba usihlamba ngombhobho isithuthi sakho Khawucinge ngomahluko xa ubunokusebenzisa amabhakethi amabini amanzi ekuhlambeni esi sithuthi Oku ke kukongela amanzi afikelela kwiilitha ezingamashumi amathathu ngalo lonke ixesha uhlamba isithuthi sakho?
Izitiya zengca zizezona ndawo zinkcenkceshelwa kakhulu yaye zisebenzisa amanzi awaphinda-phinda kane amanzi asetyenziswa zezinye izitya. Qwalasela indlela onkcenkceshela ngayo, ingaba amanzi onkcenkceshela ngawo aphumela esitalatweni?
Nkcenkceshela isitiya sakho kuphela ngaphambi kwentsimb yeshum ekuseni okanye ke emva kwentsimbi yesine malanga.
Khumbula eli cebo: ukunciphisa amathuba okunkcenkceshela isitiya sakho, kodwa wenze nzulu (ixesha elide),kukhuthaza indlela enzulu yeengcambu, nto leyo wkhokelela kwizityalo ezomeleleyo. Le ndlela ingadala izityalo eziwongayo amanzi kwizityalo ezininzi ezaziwayo.
Ingaba umzi-mveliso okanye isakhiwo osebenza kuso silawula, okanye sinemitshini yokugungxula yombane Aba matshini ke zezona zinto zidlalayo ngamanzi. Ukuba akunakukwazi ukubatshintsha bangazisebenzeli koko bagungxulwe ngumntu, nceda uwacime amanzi emva kwexesha lomsebenzi nangeempelaveki. Njengomzekelo ke, izikolo ezikwenzayo oku zonga imali efikelela kumawaka amahlanu eerandi kumatyala azo amanzi onyaka?
Ingaba umphathi wesakhiwo enisebenzela kuso uhlmba iindawo zokusebenzela nezokuhamba zesi sakhiwo ngombhobho Lo mkhwa uyinkcitha nje wona ngokucacileyo (loo nto ke ikwathetha kwemali)?
Ingaba sele ukhe wakhangela na ukuba akukho zindawo zivuza manzi kwindawo osebenzela kuyo?
Ukulungiswa kwempahla yezindlwana zangasese nako kungakongela amawaka-waka eelitha zamanzi agungxulwe kungekho mfuneko. Izindlwana zangasese kufuneka zithathe ixesha eliyimizuzwana emibini ukuya kwemine yaye zona iindawo zokuchamela kufuneka zithathe imizuzwana emithandathu ukuya kwesibhozo, ubuninzi.
Kungayintot elula ukonga ishumi ekhulwini kwityala lakho lamanzi lonyaka, nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekwenzeni ngcono indlela obuphila ngayo bakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.I.95093.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lengcaciso likhupha ezinye zeemposiso ngabathunwa benkundla ze licacise ngqo ukuba umnthunywa wenkundla lo ngubani yaye unamagunya athini na.
Abathunywa benkundla aba zizigidimi zeendaba ezimbi ngoko ke kufuneka babalekwe nakanjani na.
Abanthunywa benkundla aba ke ngamagosa enkundla angathabathi cala anoxanduva lokuhambisa zonke iimpepha zenkundla eziquka nalawo anyanzelisa umntu ukuba aye kuvela enkundleni, izaziso, izigunyanyiso zokubanjwa kuvalelwe nezokugqogqa impahla, imiyalelo kwakunye nokufezekiswa kwezigwebo nemiyalelo. Umthunywa wenkundla lo ke ngoyena mntu uhlangana noluntu egameni lenkqubo yoluntu ejongene nobulungisa.
Abathunywa benkundla bangalophula ucango lwakho, bonakalise impahla yakho ze bakuxhaphaze nawe.
iBhodi Yabathunywa Beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika ijongana nenkonzo enikezelwa ngabathunywa beenkundla nabancedisi babo, iqinisekisa futhi ukuba ziwenza loo msebenzi ngendlela eyiyo neyamkelekileyo njrngoko ithiwa thaca kuMqulu Wendlela Amabaziphathe aba Bathunywa. Nabani na obona ngathi umthunywa wenkundla othile akakhange amphathe ngendlela eyamkelekileyo uyakhuthazwa ukuba anikezele ingxelo ngoko kuMbhexeshi wale Bhodi.
Ukugaleleka komthunywa wenkundla emnyangweni wakho akukho kubuya ngamva.
Ekufikeni kwabo, abathunywa benkundla baya kucacisa umongo welo phepha bakuphethe lona ze bakucacisele futhi nokuba yintoni na ekufuneka uyenzile wena emva koko. Eyona nto ke kukuza kukucacisela ngenkqubo yomthetho kodwa abanakho ukukunika iingcebiso zomthetho.
Ayikho yokwazi ukuba loo mntu usemnyangweni ngumthunywa wenkundla ngokwenene na okanye uze kukoleka ityala.
Wonke umthunywa wenkundla nomncedisi wakhew kufuneka babe nakho ukukhupha ikhadi lokuzazisa elisebenzayo alifumana kwiBhodi Yabathunywa Beenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika.
Abathunywa beenkundla bamela amashishini amakhulu kuphela. Abekho abamele abantu nje abazisokolelayo.
Kuluxanduva lomthunywa wenkundla ukunceda wonke umntu, ehlutha elamba, ngokungenamkhethe nangesidima ngamaxesha onke.
Abathunywa bayazenzela lo msebenzi yaye benza unothanda.
Abathunywa beenkundla baqeshwa nguMpthathiswa Wezobulungisa Nophuhliso loMgaqo-siseko yaye basebenza phantsi kwemigaqo nemiyalelo yeNkundla.
Abathunywa baxulutywe ngamatye ze naziphi na iimpepha abeze nazo zingananzwa zilahlelwe kwesinomhlwa.
Ukuba uthi uphazamisane nomthunywa wenkundla ekwenzeni umsebenzi wakhe okanye uthi ungayilandeli imiyalelo akunike yona, usenokuzifumana uphantsi kotshutshiso.
Akukho nto anokuyenza umthunywa wenkundla xa usala ukusebenzisana naye.
Ngokomthetho, umthunywa wenkundla lo angazivulela angene endlwini yakho, nokuba sele ungekho wena. Angathimba athabathele kuye isithuthi sakho, ifenitshala nenye nje impahla yakho ephakamisekayo, okanye ke ukuba kuyimfuneko, nengaphakamisekiyo ngeenjongo zokuyithengisa ukuze kubuye imali leyo uyityalayo.
Abathunywa benkundla aba bangathatha nantoni na abayifunayo ekhayeni lakho.
Abathunywa benkundla aba kufuneka bacacise owona mongo wezo mpepha baziphetheyo yaye abanako ukuthimba izinto ezingundoqo ekuphileni kwakho ezifana nokutya neebhedi, iingubo zokulala nempahla yokunxiba. Ngapha koko ke, abanako, ngokwemigaqo ethile, ukuthimba izixhobo osebenza ngazo ukuze ufumane isonka sakho semihla ngemihla.
Abathunywa benkundla aba banganyanzelisa ukuba ubanike imali yaye akunyanzelekanga ukuba bakunike isiqinisekiso saloo ntlawulo.
Abathunywa benkundla aba kufuneka bakunike isiqinisekiso sayo nayiphi na intlawulo oyenzileyo yaye kufuneka nawe uqinisekise ukuba ezi ziqinisekiso uzityikityile. Unelungelo lokusifumana isiqinisekiso ezingundoqo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.M.122521.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu lunikezela ngolwazi ngokuqeshwa kwabantu abakhubazekileyo kubaqeshi nabaqeshwa.
uMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi uwuphumezile umgaqo-nkqubo obizwa ngokuba Kukwenza Okulungileyo Ekuqeshweni Kwabantu Abakhubazekileyo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iEmployment Equity Act, ka-1998.
Le Code ijoliswe ekufundiseni nasekwaziseni abaqeshi nabasebenzi ukuze bawazi amalungelo noxanduva abajongene nalo ekuphakamiseni ukutyhilekelwa kwanokunciphisa iimbambano ukuze abantu abakubazekileyo babe nakho ukonwabela ze basebenzise amalungelo abo kwiindawo zabo zempangelo.
Ngokwalo Mthetho eyona nto kujoliswe kuyo ziziphumo zokukhubazeka kuloo mntu ngokungqamene nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphezu kokuba ukhubazwa yintoni na okanye kwizinto angenakukwazi ukuzenza.
abakhubazeke ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwasengqondwemi kukhubazeka oko kuhlala kukho okanye kuhamba kubuye, ze nto leyo ibabambezelayo ekubeni bangene kwizithuba zempangelo okanye ekubeni bakhule empangelweni.
Abaqeshi kufuneka basebenzise elona cebo lingadli kakhulu empokothweni lokususa imiqobo yokwenza loo msebenzi, kwanokonwabela iinzuzo namathuba alinganayo engqesho.
Abaqeshi kufuneka benze izibhengezo zezithuba zengqesho zifikeleleke kubantu abakhubazekileyo ngokuthi bachaze owona ndoqo kwiimfuno zeso sithuba, bechaza ngokucacileyo izakhono nezona zinto umntu kufuneka ekwazile ukuzenza ze kuthiwe thaca elubala inkqubo yokuchonga.
Iimvavanyo ezneziwayo kufuneka zihambelane neemfuno zalo Mthetho yaye kufuneka zingqamelane naloo msebenzi awuvavanyelwayo loo mfaki-sicelo. Abaqeshi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba iimvavanyo azibakhupheli ngaphandle ngendlela engekho mthethweni imiqathango yaye kufuneka indlela ekwenziwa ngayo izinto ingakhethi cala kwindlela ekuchongwa ngayo, ekuhlolwa nekuchazwa ngayo imigaqo.
Uvavanyo lobume bempilo yomntu kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela emva kokuba umqeshi lowo efumanisile ukuba umfaki-sicelo lowo uyakwazi ukuwenza okanye uyamelana neemfuno zaloo msebenzi yaye emva kokuba ewunikiwe loo msebenzi.
Abantu abakhubazekileyo kufuneka kuthetha-thethwane nabo kwimicimbi yokukhula nokuphuhla kwabo emisebenzini, zithathelwe iingqalelo iimfuno zabo ezizodwa yaye kufuneka bafikelele nakwizixhobob zoqeqesho. Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wabo kwakunye nezibonelelo zokugqwesa emsebenzini kufuneka zibonakalise ngokucacileyo ze zilinganisele indlela abazinikele ngayo kweyona misebenzini yabo.
Abasebenzi abathi bafunyanwe kukukhubazeka ngexesha lomsebenzi kufuneka, apho kukwazekayo, babuyiselwe emisebenzini. Ukuba kuya kuba ngcono ngolo hlobo, abaqeshi kufuneka bazame iqhinga lokubanika aba basebenzi eminye imisebenzi enokubafanela, umsebenzi oncitshisiweyo okanye bafakwe kwiindawo abaza kusebenza kuzo ngokukhululeka nalula, ukuze abasebenzi aba bangazifumani benyanzelekile okanye bekhokelelwa ekubeni bayiyeke imisebenzi yabo.
Abaqeashi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba ulwazi neenkcukacha ngokukhubazeka ezinikezelwe ngumsebenzi okanye umfaki-sicelo kwisithuba sengqesho zihlala ziyimfihlelo. Kufuneka umqeshi lowo aqinisaekise ukuba konke oku kwenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu ukuze ezo nkcukacha ziyimfihlelo zihlale zinjalo yaye zahluke kwezinye nje ezingeyomfihlelo.
Abaqeshi abavumelekanga ukuba badize naluphi na ulwazi olunento yokwenza nokukhubazeka komsebenzi ngaphandle kwemvume yaloo msebenzi ebhalwe phantsi, ngaphandle kokuba bayalelwa ngumthetho ukuze benze oko.
Abaqeshi abanikezela okanye abenza amalungiselelo okukhusela abasebenzi kwiingozi zengqesho okanye izicwangciso zezinye nje izibonelelo kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba ezo zibonelelo azibenzi abo basebenzi bazive bengafani nabanye abantu, ngendlela ethe ngqo okanye egwegwelezayo.
Ukuba abantu abakhubazekileyo abamelwanga ngokulingana nabanye abantu kuwo onke amanqanaba namabakala engqesho, umqeshi lowo kufuneka acele umkhomba-ndlela kwimibutho emela iimfuno zabantu abakhubazekileyo okanye iingcali kwelo candelo, umzekelo, inkonzo yokunuyiselwa kwengqondo yomntu emsebenzini nonyango lwezigulo zasemsebenzini ukuze abantu abakhubazekileyo bakwazi ukumelana neemfuno zale misebenzi.
Abaqeshi, imibutho yabaqeshi ndawonye neemanyano zabasebenzi kufuneka ziwufake lo Mkhomba-ndlela ekufakeni abasebenzi, ekufundiseni nakwiinkqubo zoqeqesho lwabasebenzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.U.109367.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lichaza ukuba ngawaphi na amacebo athatyathiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amachiza akhuselekile.
Xa iWorld Health Organisation yaqalisa ngeenkqubo zayo zogonyo ngo-1974, apho kwagonywa abantwana behlabathi abangaphantsi kwesihlanu seepesenti. Amashumi amabini anesithandathu eminyaka emva koko, eli nani lenyuswa laya kufikelela kumashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu eepesenti zabantwana behlabathi. Izigidi ngezigidi zobomi babantwana baye basindiswa ze kwancitshiswa kakhulu nomthwalo wezigulo ezithintelekayo ngamachiza. Ngelixa izifo ezininzi zithe zaduka eluntwini, ngokumangalisayo ingxoxo ngokhuseleko logonyo isemi ngeenyawo.
Iinkonzo zonxibelelwano lwehlabathi, ukwanda kolwazi lwabathengi, ulwazi olwandayo noluphangaleleyo kwinzululwazi kwakunye neengxoxo ezivulelekileyo ngemiba yempilo zibe negalelo ekuthabatheni inxaxheba koluntu kwimiba yononophelo lwempilo ze zakhokelela ekungathembakalini kwexabiso logonyo.
Ukugxininisa Kwiintshukumo Ezingalunganga Ezilandela Ugonyo endaweni yobomi obusindisiweyo kwakunye nomthwalo ocuthekileyo wezifo zibe negalelo ekuveleni kweempendulo ezisuka entliziyweni ngaphandle kokuza neenyaniso. Inani lamaqela ezikhangela iinkcukacha nolwazi ngeemveliso zamachiza lande kakhulu ngenxa yeentlekele ezehla mihla le kwicandelo loluntu lempilo.
Iintshukumo ezingalunganga nezayanyaniswa namachiza zifumane ukujongwa ngeliso elibi ze zagxekwa nokugxekwa luluntu. Kuyabonakala uluntu luyekile ukujongana nokoyika oobhubhane bezifo futhi kungoku nje lujongana nemiba engcno efana nomgangatho, ukhuseleko nokulingana.
Ukuba semngciphekweni wokosuleleka zizifo kwakunye nezigulo ezingumvuka wokungagonywa, kufuneka zixelelwe abazali kwanoluntu. Abasebenzi kunonophelo lwempilo nabo kufuneka bekhunjuziwe ngeenzuzo ezintle zogonyo.
Akukho mntwana kufuneka evinjwe ugonyo ngaphandle kokucingisiswa kweziphumo zoko, emntwaneni nakuluntu nje jikelele.
Ekuhambeni kweminyaka, lo Mbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo kwakunye namahlakani awo baqhubekeke besenza iinzame benikezela nangezibonelelo zokuphucula ukhuseleko nogonyo. Ubuchule obutsha bokwenza oku obufana nesirinji esinokusetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela buye baveliswa.
Ilizwe ngalinye lineCandelo Lesizwe Elilawula obu buchule elivavanya umgangatho wamachiza, nokuba aveliswa kwelo lizwe okanye ngaphandle, ze ekugqibeleni ibe kwalelo candelo elamkela okanye elikhaba ukusetyenziswa kwelo chiza luluntu. UMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo ulibona ichiza lisemgangathweni owamkelekileyo xa livavanywe licandelo elizimeleyo lesiawe elijongana nomgangatho wamachiza ngokwemigawo ebekwe nguwo. Kufuneka kungabikoh zingxaki zisalayo zayanyaniswa nomgangatho welo chiza. Onke amachiza asetyenziswe kwinkqubo yesizwe yogonyo kufuneka, ngokwelona nqanaba lisezantsi, amelane futhi athobele izidingo zemigangatho yoMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo.
Amachiza aqala avavanyelwe ukhuseleko nokuba ayasebenza ngokwenene na kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi phambi kokuba abhaliswe ze athengiswe apha eMzantsi Afrika. Onke amachiza athi avavanywe nguMbutho Ojongene Nolawulo Lwamachiza weli lizwe, obizwa ngokuba liBhunga Elilawula Amachiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza, umgangatho nokhuseleko phambi kokubhalswa nokqwamkelwa ukuze athengiswe.
Onke amachiza asetyenziswa kwiNkqubo ye-EPI(SA) enziwa ngokwemigaqo eqatha yokhuseleko. La machiza ayamelana nemigangatho yomgangatho, yokhuseleko neyokusebenza kwala machiza ebekwe nguMbutho Wehlabathi Wempilo.
ukwandisa ukwamkeleka kogonyo kuluntu; kwakunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi na intshukumo efana naleyo ithatyathwa ngendlela eyamkelekileyo kwisigulana, abazali kwakunye nabo beza namachiza.
Iintshukumo Ezingalunganga Ezilandela Ugonyo zingaqala kububomvu nobuhlungu obuqheleke kakhulu kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti, ukuya kwizigulo ezinqabileyo ezifana nokuba sesichengeni sokungamelani namachiza okanye nezidlo ezithile 1:100 000 to 1:1 000 000 zokusetyenziswa kwechiza lemasisi.
Kwiingxoxo ezishushu eziza nogonyo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umlinganiselo wenkcaneko/wenzuzo kwanokubeka ezi Ntshukumo Zingalunganga Zilandela Ugonyo kwindawo eyiyo. Amachiza aziwa njengelona cebo lezononophelo lwempilo likhuselekileyo nelingatyabuli kakhulu emalini.
Luxanduva loorhulumente, amaqumrhu alawulayo, ishishini lamachiza, abanikezeli beenkozo zononophelo lwempilo kwakunye noluntu ukunikezela ingxelo ngazo naziphi na iintshukumo ezigatya nezisengela phantsi ugonyo. Kukho isidingo sokuphendula kunikezelwe neenyaniso kwiinkxalabo zabazali nezoluntu jikelele.
Iindlela zokumelana nemiceli-mngeni iquka ukuhlanganiswa kwendlela ekhathakayo kubazali nakwiintsana, ulwazi olutsha kwakunye nengqondo eyakhayo yokujongana nogonyo. Akukho sidingo sakulukhusela ugonyo. Yinyaniso eyaziwayo ukuba izifo ezithintelekayo ngamachiza zinobungozi futhi yaye ugonyo luyazithintela!
Imiceli-mngeni emitsha kwicandelo lophuhliso nokhuseleko lwamachiza isankqenkqeza phambili. Amachiza anzima ayadalwa ze avavanywe futhi oko kuya kudinga iinkqubo neendlela zokuwahlola zale mihla. Kwangaxesha-nye la machiza kufuneka acuthe iindlela zokuniwanikezela, enze lula ubugcisa bokuwanikezela ze awanikezele nangamaxabiso amahle ze futhi kubonakale neenzuzo ezizizo kwicandelo lononophelo lwempilo yoluntu.
Ngaphandle kwezindlu eziphuculweyo, izindlu zangasese kwakunye namanzi acocekileyo, amachiza la abe neempumelelo ezingenakuthelekiswa ekunciphiseni ukufa nokosuleleka zizifo. Kwelinye icala, le mpumelelo ingakhokelela ekugxininiseni ngendlela engenasihlahla kwezinye izigulo ezibangelwa ngala machiza.
Umngcipheko wonxibelelwano unikezela ngothotho lwezixhobo zokucacisa ukuba sesichengeni ngokuthelekiswa neenzuzo. Xa sithetha ngokhuseleko lwaso nasiphi na isiyobisi, sithetha ngokhuseleko olubonakalayo, olo ke lukhuseleko oluthelekiswa nokungawasebenzisi la machiza.
INkqubo ye-EPI iya kuqhubekeka isebenza nawo onke amahlakani ukuphucula zonke iinkalo zogonyo, ezifana nokhuseleko lwamachiza, uqeqeswho kwanokusebenza neli shishini ukuphucula ubugcisa bokunikezela ngala machiza.
Kungokuphucula umgangatho wononophelo lwempilo kwanokuhlala sizigcine engqondweni iinzuzo eziza namacebo okuthintela ukosuleleka zizifo apho ihlabathi langomso liya kuba yindawo enempilo engcono.
iSebe Lezempilo liya kuqhubekeka liphakamisa inzuzo zokugonywa kwabemi boMzantsi Afrika, bonke abasebenzi kwicandelo lononophelo lwempilo kwakunye nabo banikezela ngoncedo lwezempilo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.U.125285.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Indlela entsha necocekileyo yokuvelisa yemizi-mveliso iyayiguqula indlela esenza nesisebenzisa ngayo izinto, ngokuzenza zibe namandla angakumbi nokunqanda ukungcolisa indalo engqongileyo. Oku ke kusekelwe kumgaqo wokuthintela ingxaki ingekafiki. Oku kusenokukhokelela kwiinguqu ezimandla ezingqondweni zabantu kwanakwiindlela abenza ngayo izinto. Eli phepha linikezela ngeengcebiso ngendlela onokonga ngayo umbane, wonge amanzi ze unciphise nenkukuma.
Kutshiswa ikilogram yelahle ngeyure nganye yekilowatt yombane osetyenzisiweyo.
Ziya kuba mbini kuphela iimeko apho kugcwaliswa amadama ngamanzi kule minyaka mibini izayo!
Ihlabathi livelisa umlinganiselo weetoni ezine zomoya omdaka, umntu ngamnye, ngonyaka, abemi boMzantsi Afrika bona bavelisa umlinganiselo olishumi lweetoni zalo moya mdaka, umntu ngamnye, ngonyaka.
Faka isixhobo esibalayo kwigiza yakho ngenjongo yokuthintela ukubilisa amanzi ongazokuwasebenzisa. Oku kungakongela ukuya kufikelela kumashumi amabini ekhulwini kwityala lakho lombane lenyanga.
Fakela isixhobo sokubilisa amanzi esisebenzisa ilanga. Oku kubyibonakalisa imbuyekezo yokonga umbane ngexesha elifikelela kwiminyaka esibhozo yaye isebenzisa indlela enokuphinda isebenziseke kwixesha elizayo.
Ingakumbi xa uzakhela indlu, le yindlela eyonga ngokumandla. Apha wonga ngokwengqikelelo ephakathi kwamashumi amabini namane ekhulwini kwityala lakho lombane lenyanga.
Zicime izibane xa uhambayo.
Khusela iindonga nemigangatho yakho kakuhle, okanye ke usebenzise izixhobo zokwakha eziwongayo umbane.
Le ilandelayo ke yeminye yemizekelo yezinto ezinokwenziwa ekhayeni lakho ukulenza libe nokuwonga amanzi.
Ngokuthi unciphise amanzi okugungxula indlu yakho yangasese ungonga ukuya kufikelela kumashumi amabini ekhulwini amanzi owasebenzisayo ngonyaka ungakhange ube kanti uyasokola emsebenzini wawo. Ungafakela indlela egungxula kabini okanye kaninzi. Isixhobo sokugungxula kabini sineendlela ezimbini nezicwangcisiweyo zokugungxula - isicwangciso esikhupha amanzi amancinci kumchamo ze athi kratya kwizinto eziqinileyo. Indlela yokugunxula kaninzi ke yona ikuvumela ukuba ugungxule nantoni nokuba ingakanani na - ubhekelisela emva nje isixhobo sokugungxula ze iziyekele xa igqibile.
Ngokufakela isixhobo sokumpompela amanzi angwevu (asuka kumatshini wokuhlamba impahla, kwisitya samanzi, kwishawa nakwibhafu) kwisitiya sakho ngenjongo yokusinkcenkceshela. Oku kungakongela amanzi owasebenzisayo ngamashumi amathathu anesihlanu ekhulwini, amakhaya amaninzi kufuneka asuse nesidingo sokongeza amathuba okunkcenkceshela izitiya zawo. Ezi ndlela zokonga ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi zibiza malunga nama-R4 500 ukufakelwa, kodwa ayakuyibonakalisa imbuykezo ekongeni amanzi kwiminyaka nje emibini.
Ukufakela iishawa ezisezantsi kungakongela amanzi owasebenzisayo ngamashumi amahlanu ukuya kwasixhenxe anesihlanu ekhulwini. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo ziyafumaneka, ngokuxhomekeka ke kwindlela ofuna ukuzisebenzisa ngayo. Ukuhlamba ngeshawa yeyona ndlela iwongayo amanzi kunokuhlamba ngesitya sokuhlambela, nkqu nangaphandle kwezi ntloko zeeshawa.
Iziciko zeemopmpo ziyakucutha ukuchiphiza kwamanzi ngamashumi amahlanu ukuya kwangamashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu ekhulwini. Ngokwesiqhelo, amanzi amaninzi kwezi mpompo aphuma aye ngqo phantsi angene esinkini engakhange asetyenziswe.
iNtshona Kapa ivelisa inkukuma eninzi kunaleyo imele ukuba iyayilahla. Umntu ngamnye ohlala eKapa ukhupha i1.6 yeekilograms zenkukuma ngosuku. Amanzi ehla ezindongeni nasemhlabeni angcolisa amanzi asemhlabeni kwakunye nehlabathi. La manqaku alandelayo akunika nje umqondo wezinto ezinokwenziwa ekhayeni lakho ukunciphisa inkukuma eniyivelisayo.
Phinda usebenzise kangangoko kwinkukuma yakho. Ezi mveliso zilandelayo zingaphinda zisetyenziswe: iphepha, iglasi, iitoti, iiplastiki, imveliso zomgquba, kwakunye ne-oli yezithuthi. Akho amazibuko okulondoloza inkukuma elahliweyo kuthotho lwezikolo okanye imibutho. Qhagamshelana nomaspala wakho okanye incwadi yakho yeenombolo zomnxeba ukuze ufumane iziko elilondoloza inkukuma elikufutshane nawe. Sebenzisa inkqubo yomgqomo owahlula-hlulwe kabini okanye kathathu. Le ke yimigqomo yasekhayeni eyahlula-hluliweyo ukwenzela ukufaka iintlobo ezithile zenkukuma ukwenzela kube lula ukonga inkukuma. Iinkukuma ezahlukeneyo nezilondolozekayo zingafakwa kumacandelo ahlukeneyo anemibala eyahlukileyo.
Yenza umgquba inkukuma yakho engumgquba (ekukutya neyasesitiyeni) Lo mgquba ungasetyenziswa esitiyeni ngokuthi uhlanganiswe nomhlaba ukuphucula ubume bomhlaba lowo. Wangeza umhlaba ochumileyo yaye unikezela ngezakhi eziza kuncedisa ekukhuleni kakuhle nangokukhawuleza kwezityalo.
Phinda uzisebenzise izitya ebezithwele ukutya ze uqinisekise ukuba izinto ozithengayo azigcwelisanga ziplastiki. Ukuba kunjalo, khalaza! Loo nto ibonakalisa ukuhlakanipha.
Musa ukubilisa iketile yonke yamanzi xa uza kusebenzisa ikopi enye kuphela apho, bilisa amanzi oza kuwasebenzisa kuphela.
Sebenzisa izithuthi zikawonke-wonke okanye uhambe ngeenyawo okanye uqhube ibhayisekile xa usiya emsebenzini okanye evenkileni. Qhuba isithuthi esincinci njengoko siza kusebenzisa amafutha amancinci sona, sikhuphe ukungcola kancinci yaye sidinga imali encinci xa silungiswa kunezo zikhulu.
Beka izityalo ngokwamaqela ngokwendlela eziwatya ngayo amanzi - oku kuthintela ukuchitha amanzi kwizityalo ezingawadingiyo.
Qwalasela umgangatho nohlobo lwesitiya sakho, ngoko ke cingisisa umbono wokucutha isitiya sakho.
Phucula umhlaba nomhlaba - indlela umhlaba wakho owonga ngayo amanzi iyaphuculeka ngumgquba omninzi. Ukugquma umhlaba ngodka oluninzi, umgquba, istro, njalo-njalo zigcina umhlaba wakho ufume nangakumbi.
Lima ngexesha lonyaka elifanelekileyo - kwiinginqi ezifumana iimvula ebusika, elona xesha lifanelekileyo nguKwindla nalapha ekuqaleni kobusika ukuze izityalo ezo zibe nethuba lokuntdhula iingcambu zazo phambi kwexesha lonyaka elomileyo. Kwiingingqi ezifumana iimvula ehlotyeni, elona xesha lifanele ukulima yintwasa-hlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Nkcenkceshela ngendlela efanelekileyo - musa ukunkcenkceshela kanye ligqatse ubhobhoyi ilanga okanye kwiimeko ezivuthuzayo. Enye yezona ndlela zonga amanzi zokunkcenkceshela yileyo yokusebenzisa umbhobho wokunkcenkceshela - le ndlela amashumi amabini anesihlanu ekhulwini amanzi asetyenziswa kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zokunkcenkceshela, futhi inkcenkceshela kakuhle, yaye futhi isenokufakwa ngaphantsi kwengca.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.U.17843.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Eli phetshana lifundeka lula linikezela ngeenkcukacha ngamalungelo oluntu angundoqo nokuba iKomishoni Yamalungelo Oluntu yaseMzantsi Afrika (iSAHRC ngamafuphi) ingakunceda njani na ukuba amalungelo akho athe anyhashwa.
USihlalo nguMfundisi uGqirha Barney Pityana ze uSekela-Sihlalo ibe nguNkosazana Shirley Mabusela. Ikomishoni inamalungu afikelela kwishumi elinanye, kuquka usihlalo nesekela lakhe.
Intloko Yesigqeba ikhokela iSecretariat.
I-SAHRC ineekomiti ezenziwe ngabakomishinala, abasebenzi kwakunye namanye amalungu asuka ngaphandle.
Ngaphezu koko, umkomishinala ngamnye unoxanduva olulodwa lokujongana nephondo okanye amaphondo athile. Bayawatyelela la maphondo ukwakha ubudlelwane namaqumrhu asebenza kuwo, baphicothe iindlela ekwenziwa ngazo izinto ze baphendule nakwizikhalazo.
kujongwane nemithetho ebhalwe kuwo onke amabakala karhulumente (oko ke kukuthi koorhulumente bamakhaya, abamaphondo nowesizwe) ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayawaqwalasela amalungelo oluntu; ze bajonge nokuba urhulumente wenza ntoni na ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bayafikelela kumalungelo oluntu nawoqoqosho (indalo engqongileyo, izindlu, unonophel lwempilo, ukutya, amanzi, ukhuseleko loluntu nemfundo).
Intshukumo yokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu kuxa naliphi na ilungelo elikuMqulu Wamalungelo lithe lanyhashwa okanye laxhatshazwa. Kusenjalo, Isahrc le ayijongani nazo zonke iintlobo zeentshukumo ezinyhasha amalungelo oluntu. Amanye amatyala athunyelwa kweminye imibutho namaqumrhu ebekelwe bucala ukujongana neentlobo ezithile zokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu.
Ukuba ityala lakho lelinye lala, kuya kufuneka ke uqhagamshelane nomnye wale mibutho ngqo.
Ukutsalela iofisi ye-SAHRC. Umsebenzi uya kuthi athabathe ingxelo leyo, akuthumele iphetshana lokufaka isikhalazo okanye enze idinga lokuba wena uye buqu kule ofisi.
Ukuthumela ifeksi okanye incwadana yembalelwano kwiSebe Lemicimbi Yomthetho leSAHRC ngolwimi ithanda ukuyithumela ngalo.
Ukuze kube nokwakhiwa inkcubeko yamalungelo oluntu, kubalulekile ukuba wonke ummi awazi amalungelo akhe ze ayiqondisise nendima yakhe. I-SAHRC ikhusela ze iphkamise amalungelo abo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Oku kulandelayo luhlobo lwenziwe lula loMqulu Wamalungelo Wamalungelo. Ukze ufumane uMqulu ogcweleyo, nceda ufunde iSahluko 2 soMgaqo-siseko.
Isidima sakho kufuneka sihlonitshwe futhi sikhuselwe.
Ubukhoboka, ukufakwa kumakhamandela kwanokunyanzeliswa ukuba usebenze azivumelekanga.
Akunakugqogqwa okanye kugqogqwe ikhya impahla yakho, ngaphandle kokuba kokuba kulandelwe inkqubo eyiyo yokwenziwa kwezi ntshukumo ngamapolisa.
Ungakholelwa futhi ucinge nangayiphi na indlela yaye ungalandela inkolo ethandwa nguwe.
Bonke abantu (kuquka namajelo eendaba) bangathetha nantoni na abayithandayo.
Ningabamba umboniso, uqhankqalazo okanye ninikezele ngezikhalazo. Kodwa ke oku kufuneka nikwenze ngoxolo.
Ungazimanya nabani na ofuna ukuzimanya naye.
Ungalixhasa iqela lopolitiko elithandwa nguwe. Ukuba ungummi weli, ze ubuncinci ube uneshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala, ungavota.
Ungahamba uye kuhlala naphi na apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Ungawenza nawuphi na umsebenzi ofuna ukuwenza.
Unelungelo lokufumana indalo esempilweni.
Impahla yakho ingahluthwa kuwe kuphela imigaqo eyiyo ilandelwe.
Urhulumente kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba abantu bayafikelela kwizindlu ezisemgangathweni.
Urhulumente kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba uluntu luyafikelela ekutyeni nasemanzini, kunonophel lwempilo nokhuseleko loluntu.
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo banamalungelo awodwa, afana nelungelo lokungaxhatshazwa.
Unelungelo lokufumana imfundo engundoqo, kuquka imfundo engundoqo yabantu abadala, ngolwimi lwakho (ukuba oku kunokwenzeka).
Ungalusebenzisa ulwimi lwakho ze ulandele inkcubeko oyikhethayo.
Uluntu ekuhlaleni kungayonwabela inkcubeko yalo; lusebenzise inkolo yalo; ze lusebenzise ulwimi lwalo.
Unelungelo lokufukelela kulo naluphi na ulwazi urhulumente analo.
Iintshukumo zikarhulumente kufuneka zingabi namkhethe.
Ungacela inkundla imuthathele isigqibo ngengxaki yakho yezomthetho, okanye iqumrhu elikumila kunjalo.
La malungelo akhusela abantu ababanjiweyo, abavalalwe ejele okanye ababekwa isityholo sokwaphula umthetho.
QWALASELA: Onke ke la malungelo angacuthwa ukuba oko kuya kulungisa into. Ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha, funda iSahluko 2 soMgaqo-siseko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.U.3162.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luthi thaca amalungelo noxanduva lwezigulana ngokwemigaqo yenkonzo yononophelo lwempilo.
Amashumi ngamashumi eminyaka uninzi lwabemi boMzantsi Afrika bathi bazifumana bevinjwa okanye benyhashelwa awona malungelo abo angundoqo, malungelo law abequka amalungelo okufikelela kwiinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo. Ukuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa kwelungelo lokufikelela kwiinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo elingqinwa nanguMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika (onguMthetho wePalamente we-108 ka-1996), iSebe Lezempilo lizinikele ekuphakamiseni, ekuphuliseni nasekukhuseleni eli lungelo yaye liyazingca ngokuUMQULU WAMALUNGELO EZIGULANA njengomgangatho ofanayo nolinganayo wokufikelela ekufezekisweni kweli lungelo.
Wonke umntu unelungelo lokuphila kwindawo esempilweni nekhuselekileyo eya kuqinisekisa ukuba basempilweni ngokwasemzimbeni ngokwasenyameni nangokwasengqondweni, kuquka nokunikezelwa kwamanzi aneleyo, ucoceko nokulahlwa kwenkukuma ndawonye nokhuseleko kuzo zonke iintlobo zeengozi zeengeozi zendalo engqongileyo, ukonakaliswa nokungcoliswa.
Wonke ummi unelungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba ekuqulunqweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo yaye wonke ubani unelungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba kwimiba echaphazela impilo yomntu ngamnye.
indlela yokusebenza ebonakalisa imbeko, isidima somntu, inyameko, uvelwano nonyamezelwano; kwakunye nolwazi lwezempilo oluquka ukufikeleleka kweenkonzo zempilo nokuba zingasetyenziswa njani na ezi nkonzo yaye olo lwazi lona luya kufumaneka ngolwimi olwaziwa nolusetyenziswa sisigulana eso.
Ilungu le-inshorensi yempilo okanye lenkqubo yonyango lwempilo linelungelo lokufikelela kulwazi ngaloo inshorensi okanye loo nkqubo yonyango lwempilo ze acel' umngeni, apho kufuneka khona, kwizigqibo zaloo inshorensi yempilo okanye loo nkqubo yonyango lwempilo ezichaphazela ilungu elo.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokuzikhethela inkampani amakangene kuyo ukuze afumane iinkonzo zonyango lwempilo okanye xa afuna inkonzo ethile yononophelo lwempilo yaye oko kuzikhethela akumelanga kukhabana nemigangatho yaloo nkonzo yaye kufuneka ilandele imigaqo ethile ebekelwe iindlela zokunikezelwa kwale nkonzo.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokumazi umntu onikezela loo nkonzo yononophelo lwempilo yaye kufuneka anyangwe ngabasebenzi benkonzo yononophelo lempilo abaziwayo.
Iinkcukacha ngempilo yomntu othile, kuquka nolwazi olubandakanya unyango zingakhutshwa kuphela ngesivumelwano nesigulana eso, ngaphandle kokuba ke oko kudingeka ngokemigaqo yomhtetho othile okanye ngokomyalelo wenkundla.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokufumana ulwazi olupheleleyo noluchanekileyo ngesimo sempilo yakhe, imigaqo yogonyo, unyango olusacetywayo kwakunye neendleko zalo, ukuze umntu abe nokufikelela kwisigqibo esichaphazela nawuphi na kule miba ingentla apha.
Umntu angala ukunyangwa yaye oko kwala uya kukutsho ngmlomo okanye kubhalwe phantsi kodwa ke oko kwala kufuneka kungabi kanti kubeka esichengeni impilo yabanye abantu.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokuthunyelwa kwenye iklinikhi ukuze afumane uluvo lwesibini xa athe wacela kuloo mntu okanye kwelo ziko lononophelo lwempilo alithandayo.
Akukho mntu uya kuyekwa nje egula anganyangwa ngumsebenzi wecandelo lononophelo lwempilo okanye yinkonzo yonyango ebiqale yaluthathela kuyo uxanduva ngeenjongo zokumnika unyango.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokufaka isikhalazo ngeenkonzo zononophelo lwempilo yaye kufuneka ezo zikhalazo ziphandwe futhi kufuneka afumane ingxelo epheleleyo ngolo phando.
ukubuza ngeendleko zonyango lwakhe kwakunye/okanye iingcebiso ze enze namalungiselelo entlawulo.
agcine kuye iimpepha zononophelo lwempilo yakhe.
ukunonophela impilo yakhe ukunonophela nokukhusela indalo engqongileyo.
ukuthobela amalungelo ezinye izigulana kwakunye namaziko ononophelo lwempilo.
ukusebenzisa inkonzo yononophelo lwempilo ngendela eyiyo futhi angayibhoxi.
azi amaziko ononophelo lwempilo asebenza kwingingqi ahlala kuyo nokuba anikezela ngaziphi na iinkonzo.
ukunika amaziko ononophelo lwempilo iinkcukacha eizizidingayo nezichanekileyo ngeenjongo zokugonya, ukunyanga, ukunikezela iingcebiso nokuthuthuzela.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.U.3342.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba wenzelwe bani lo Mthetho?
Lo Mthetho Ubophelela bonke abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngaphandle kwamalungu oMkhosi Wokhuselo Wesizwe, iQumrhu Lobuntlola Lesizwe, iQumrhu Leemfihlo loMzantsi Afrika kwakunye namavolontiya angahlawulwayo asebenzela imibutho yohlangulo.
Lo Mthetho kufuneka uhlonitshwe nokuba ezinye izigqibo sele zahlukile kuwo.
Eli candelo alibabopheleli abaphathi abakwizikhundla eziphezulu (abo banokuqesha, baluleke ze bagxothe), abasebenzi beentengiso abamsebenzi wabo ubahambisayo kwakunye nabasebenzi abasebenza iiyure ezingaphantsi kwamashumi amabini anesine ngenyanga.
kweeyure ezingamashumi amane anesihlanu ngeveki kweeyure ezilithoba ngosuku ukuba umsebenzi usebenza iintsuku ezintlanu okanye ngaphantsi ngeveki, okanye ke kweeyure ezisibhozo ngosuku ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza iintsuku ezingaphezu kwesihlanu ngeveki.
Ukuba ixesha elongezelelweyo liyadingeka, abasebenzi kufuneka bavume ukulisebenza futhi abanakusebenza iiyure ezingaphezu kwesithathu zexesha elongezelelweyo ngosuku okanye ishumi leeyure zomsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo ngeveki.
Ixesha elongezelelweyo kufuneka lihlawulelwe ngentlawulo engumvuzo opheleleyo oqhelekileyo nesiqingatha sawo okanye ke ngokwezivumelwano bafumane ixesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo.
Ukulungiswa ngendlela elula kwamaxesha okusebenza kungancokolwa ukuba kukho isivumelwano phakathi kwabaqeshi nemanyano yabasebenzi ebhalisiweyo. Umzekelo, oku kungavumela amaxesha ekulula ukuphinda atshintshwe kumzalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni emva kwexesha elithile.
Iveki yomsebenzi oxinanisiweyo: ungavuma ukusebenza ukuya kuma kwishumi elinesibini leeyure ngosuku ze usebenze iintsuku ezimbalwa ngeveki. Noku ke kungabanceda abazalikazi nabasebenzi ababuyela emakhayeni abo emva kwexesha elithile ngokuthi bafumane iimpela-veki ezinde.
Averaging: Isivumelwano sabasebenzi nabaqeshi singawavumela amaxesha empangelo ukuba ahlanganiswe ixesha eliziinyanga ezine. Umsebenzi obotshelelwe seso sivumelwano akanakho ukusebenza ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza elingaphezu kwamashumi amane anesihlanu eeyure ngeveki kwakunye nezinye iiyure ezintlanu zomsebenzi wexesha elingaphezu kweeyure ezintlanu ngeveki ngexesha lesi sivumelwano. Isivumelwano sabaqeshi nabasebenzi sokulinganisela ixesha lokusebenza kufuneka sincokolwe kwenziwe nezigqibo ngaso minyaka le.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokutya eliyimizuzu engamashumi amathandathu emva kweeyure ezintlanu zokusebenza. Kodwa ke isivumelwano esibhalwe phantsi singalinciphisa eli xesha ngemizuzu engamashumi amathathu ze silisuse ixesha lokutya ukuba umsebenzi lowo usebenza ixesha elingaphantsi kweeyure ezintandathu.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nexesha lokuphumla ntsuku zonke, xesha elo liziiyure ezilishumi elinesibini zilandelelana kwakunye nexeha lokuphumla leveki eliziiyure ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu zilandelelana ngeveki, ekufuneka, ngaphandle kokuba kuvunyelwene, ziquke umhla waCawe.
Umsebenzi othi ngamanye amaxesha asebenze ngeCawe kufuneka afumane umvuzo ophindwe kabini. Umsebenzi oqhele ukusebenza ngeCawe kufuneka ahlawulwe umvuzo wesiqhelo onesingatha. Singakho isivumelwano sexesha lokuphumla elihlawulelwayo kunokuba kuhlawulelwe umsebenzi wexesha elongezelelweyo.
Umsebenzi wasebusuku awukho mpilweni futhi ungakhokelela ezingozini. Oko ke kukuthi abasebenzi abasebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yesithandathu malanga nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka bafumane umvuzo owongeziweyo okanye ke basebenze iiyure ezimbalwa kunezo zasemini kodwa ngomvuzo olinganayo nalowo womsebenzi wasemini.
Izithuthi kufuneka zikho kodwa ke akunyanzelekanga ukuba ziphume kumqeshi.
abasebenzi abaqhele ukusebenza phakathi kwentsimbi yeshumi elinanye ebusuku nentsimbi yesithandathu ekuseni kufuneka baxelelwe ngeengozi zempilo nezokhuseleko ezinokubahlasela ngelo xesha. Kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo ngabasebenzi bezempilo, abahlawulwa ngumqeshi. Kufuneka batshintshelwe ekusebenzeni emini ukuba ukusebenza ebusuku kubadalela ingxaki yezempilo. Zonke iziphumo zeentshukumo zokuhlolwa impilo kufuneka zigcinwe ziyimfihlo.
Abasebenzi kufuneka bayihlawulelwe nayiphi na iholide kawonke-wonke ethi ibekho phakathi evekini. Umsebenzi usebenza ngeholide kawonke-wonke kuphela ngokuthi avume ukwenza oko ze ahlawulwe ngomvuzo wesiqhelo ophindwe kabini. Iholide kawonke-wonke kungavunylwana ngumqeshi nomsebenzi ukuba kutshintshiselwane ngayo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha ukuya kufikelela kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amabini ananye zilandelelana zekhefu lonyaka okanye ke angene kwisivumelwano nomqeshi, usuku olunye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leentsuku ezisetyenziweyo okanye ke iyure ibe nye ngeshumi elinesixhenxe ngalinye leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Ikhefu kufuneka lithatyathwe kwixesha elingagqithanga kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuphela kwexesha lekhefu.
Umqeshi unokumhlawula kuphela umsebenzi endaweni yokumnika ikhefu ukuba loo msebenzi uthi awushiye loo msebenzi engazange alithabathe ikhefu abenelungelo lalo.
Umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela ikhefu lokugula elifikelela kwiiveki ezintandathu kwixesha lempangelo eliziinyanga ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu.
Kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala empangelweni umsebenzi angathabatha kuphela usuku olunye lwekhefu lokugula oluhlawulelwayo ngamashumi amabini anesithandathu eentsuku azisebenzileyo.
Umqeshi angafuna isiqinisekiso esisuka kugqirha sokuba umsebenzi lowo ubegula phambi kokuba amhlawule loo msebenzj ugule iintsuku ezimbini zilandelelana ngexesha okanye amaxesha angaphezu kwesibini kwiiveki ezisibhozo.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo angaphumla iinyanga ezifikelela kwisine zilandelelana zokuya kubeleka. Angalithabatha eli khefu nanini na ukusuka kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku ekulindeleke ukuba abeleke ngalo OKANYE ke ngosuku ugqirha okanye umzalisi athe lulungele impilo yakhe neyosana olo luseza kubelekwa. Akanakho futhi ukusebenza iiveki de zibe ntandathu emva kokuzalwa kosana lwakhe ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha okanye umzalisi uthe ukulungele ukusebenza.
Umsebenzi okhulelweyo okanye oncancisayo akavumelekanga ukuba asebenze kwindawo enganobungozi kuye okanye kusana lwakhe.
Abasebenzi abasebenza ntsuku zonke banelungelo lokufumana ikhefu elihlawulelwayo lokuya kujongana neentsapho zabo eliziintsuku ezintathu ngonyaka xa bezicelela xa kuzalwa okanye kugula umntwana waloo msebenzi, okanye xa iqabane, umzali, umzali obemgcinile, umzali womzali, umntwana, umntwana obekhuliswa ngulo msebenzi, umzukulwana okanye umnakwabo okanye udad' wabo ethe wasutywa kukufa.
Umqeshi angabufuna ubungqina bokuba eli khefu bekunyanzelekile ukuba lithatyathwe.
Abaqeshi kufuneka banike abasebenzi babo abatsha iinkcukacha ngemisebenzi yabo kwakunye neemeko abaza kusebenza phantsi kwazo ngembalelwano. Oku ke kuquka ingcaciso ngalo naliphi na ibhunga elisebenza kwelo candelo loshishino ndawonye noluhlu lwazo naziphi na iimpepha ezinokuba lulutho.
ezinegama nomsebenzi womqeshwa ixesha elisetyenziweyo imali ayihlawulwayo usuku lokuzalwa kubasebenzi abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala.
igama nedilesi yomsebenzi igama nomsebenzi walo mqeshwa ixesha lokuhlawulwa isixa somvuzo womsebenzi lowo isixa nenjongo yayo nayiphi na imali etsalwe kumvuzo womsebenzi esona sixa umsebenzi asihlawulwayo.
izinga eliqhelekileyo lomvuzo kwakunye nezinga lokuhlawulelwa ixesha elongezelelweyo inani leeyure eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza nezexesha elongezelelweyo elisetyenziweyo ngelo xesha lentlawulo inani leeyure ezisetyenziweyo ngosuku lweCawe okanye ngeholide kawonke-wonke ngelo xesha inani eligqibeleleyo leeyure ezisetyenziweyo ngexesha lokulinganisela, ukuba bekuvunyelwene ngoko.
loo msebenzi uyakuvumela oko ngembalelwano imali le itsalwayo ivumelekile ngokomthetho, ngokwesivumelwano, ngokomyalelo wenkundla okanye iziphumo zongenelelo.
Imivuzo yeveki isekelwe kwinani leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Intlawulo yenyanga sisine kunye ne-1/3 kumaxesha omvuzo weveki.
kweeveki ezine, ukuba uqeshwe ixesha elingangonyaka okanye nangaphezulu.
Isaziso kufuneka sibhalwe phantsi ngaphandle kokuba sisuka kumsebenzi ongakwaziyo ukubhala.
Abasebenzi abahlala kwisakhiwo somqeshi kufuneka banikwe isaziso esiza kubanika inyanga phambi kokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi, saziso eso sibazisa ngokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi okanye ke banikwe enye indawo yokuhlala de ube umsebenzi lowo upheliswe ngokusemthethweni.
Umqeshi onikezela esi saziso akamnqandi umsebenzi ukuba aye kummangalela ngokuphelelwa kwakhe ngumsebenzi, oko ekwenza ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iLabour Relations Act okanye nangemigaqo yawo nawuphi na umthetho.
Umqeshi kufuneka ahlawule umsebenzi amgxhothileyo ngokweemfuno zomqeshi lowo intlawulo elingana neyeveki ngonyaka ngamnye kwelandelelanayo ayichithe emsebenzela.
Xa umsebenzi uphela, umsebenzi kufuneka anikwe iphetshana eliqinisekisa ukuba ukhe wasebenza apho.
Akukho mthethweni ukuqesha umntwana ongaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala.
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala abanakuwenza umsebenzi onganobungozi kubo okanye b enze umsebenzi omele ukwenziwa ngumntu omkhulu.
Akukho mthethweni ukunyanzelisa umntu ukuba asebenze.
asilehlisi izinga lokhuseleko lwabasebenzi ngokwemigaqo yezempilo neyokhuseleko kwakunye noxanduva lomsebenzi ngamnye lokujongana nosapho lwakhe asilehlisi ikhefu lonyaka de libe ngaphantsi kweeveki ezimbini asilehlisi ikhefu lokuya kubeleka nangayiphi na indlela isilehlisi ikhefu lokugula nangayiphi na indlela asilehlisi izinga lokhuseleko lwabasebenzi abaphangela ebusuku asikuvumeli nangayiphi na indlela ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana njengabasebenzi okanye asivumeli mntu ukuba asetyenziswe ngokunyanzelwa.
Izivumelwano ezithatyathwe ngabasebenzi kunye nabaqeshi kwakunye nezo zithatyathwe ngumsebenzi okanye ngumqeshi ngamnye kufuneka zilandele imigaqo yalo mthetho.
UMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi angasenza isigqibo sokwahlula okanye sokususa imeko ethile engundoqo yokuphangela. Oku ke kusenokwenziwa ngokohlobo lwesicelo esifakwa ngumqeshi lowo okanye ngumbutho wabaqeshi.
Amaqumrhu olawulo kwicandelo ngalinye loshishino angenziwa ukuseka iimeko ezingundoqo zempangelo kubasebenzi kwicandelo elithile loshishino nengingqi ethile.
Lo Mthetho ukhupha igunya lokusekwa kweKomishoni Yeemeko Zempangelo ukuze icebise uMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abahloli bemicimbi yempangelo kufuneka bacebise abasebenzi nabaqeshi ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabo kwimicimbi yempangelo. Bayahlola, baphande izikhalazo, bahlabe imibuzo kubantu abathile za bahlole, bakope ze bakhuphe iinkcukacha-mpepha ezithile.
Umhloli angakhupha umyalelo wokuhlonitshwa kwesigqibo esithile ngokuthi abhalele uMlawuli-Jikelele weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi, oya kuthi yena ajonge oko kubhalwe apho ze avume, atshintshe okanye arhoxise loo myalelo.
Esi sigqibo singacelelwa umngeni kwiNkundla Yemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
Abasebenzi akuvumelekanga ukuba baphathwe ngendlela enomkhethe ngenxa yokuba befune amalungelo abo ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho.
ukuphazamisana, ukuvalela okanye ukuzama ukukhokelela ngendlela ethile engeyiyo umhloli wezempangelo okanye namphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho ukufikelela kuxwebhu ngokuthi ulube, uxoke okanye ubonakalise uxwebhu oluyinkohliso okanye oluphinyeziweyo ukwenza ngathi ungumhloli wezempangelo okanye namphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho ukwala okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuphendula ngokugcweleyo nawuphi na umbuzo osemthethweni obuzwa ngumhloli wezempangelo okanye nanguwuphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho ukwala okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela umhloli wezempangelo okanye namphi na umntu othobela lo Mthetho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.U.3420.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le ncwadana iqulethe izizathu zokuzivavanya amabele rhoqo.
Ukuzivavanya amabele kungasindisa ibele lakho ze kusindise nobomi bakho. Amathumba amaninzi amabele afunyaniswa ngabantu ababhinqileyo ngokwabo. Noko kunjalo, amathumba amaninzi afunyanwa ebeleni awangomhlaza. Khuseleka, qiniseka.
Awona maxesha akulungeleyo oku kuzivavanya kuxa kanye usandula ukuphuma exesheni, xa amabele akho engathambanga okanye engadumbanga. Ukuba akuyi rhoqo exesheni okanye mhlawumbi ngamanye amaxesha inyanga iyadlula ungakhange uye exesheni, zivavanye ngosuku oluthile olufanayo nyanga zonke.
Lala phantsi ze ubeke umqamelo ngaphantsi kwegxalaba lakho lasekunene. Beka ingalo yakho emva kwentloko yakho.
Sebenzisa umphambili weminwe yakho ephakathi yesandla sakho sasekhohlo ukuze ube nokuweva amaqhuma okanye iindawo eziqinileyo. Le miphakathi yeminwe yakho ke zezi ndawo ziphezulu apha emnweni, ngaphantsi kozipho lomnwe ngamnye.
Cinezela kakhulu de uve ukuba kukho nto ingaqhelekanga na ebeleni lakho. Ukuba akuqinisekanga ukuba mawucinezele kakhulu kangakanani, cela ugqirha okanye usomachiza wakho. Okanye ke uzame ukukopa indlela ugqirha okanye usomachiza wakho ayisebenzisa ngayo eyakhe iminwe xa azama ukufumanisa umhlaza wamabele. Zama ukufumanisa ukuba ibele lakho livakala njani na amaxesha amaninzi. Ukucinezela kakhulu kwisivongqo esisezantsi sebele ngalinye yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo.
Hamba-hamba ngomnwe ucinezela ibele ngalinye ngendlela ethile. Ungakhetha ukulijikeleza (A), ukuthi uphezulu ube usezantsi kwibele ngalinye (B), okanye ke ukuqala kancinci uye uqinisa apha ekucinezeleni ndawo zonke apha ebeleni (C). Yenza oku ke ngendlela efanayo maxesha onke. Loo nto iya kukunceda uqinisekise ukuba ulicofa-cofe lonke ibele lakho, kwanokukhumbula ukuba liva njani na ibele lakho xa usenza oku.
Ngoku ke vavanya ibele lakho lasekhohlo usebenzisa imiphambili yeminwe yesandla sasekunene.
Ukuba uthi ufumanise naziphi na iinguqu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Kukwafuneka udlale ngamabele akho umi phambi kwesipili emva nje kokwenza olu vavanyo kumabele akho nyanga nganye. Khangela ke ukuba kukho nguqu zikhoyo na ngokwendlela amabele akho akhangeleka ngayo, nguqu ezo zifana: nokushwabana kolusu, iinguqu kwingono, okanye ububomvu okanye ukudumba. Usenokufuna futhi ukuzivavanya amabele ngelixa usahlambayo. Izandla zakho ezinesepha ziya kutyibilika kolo lusu lumanzi, nto leyo iya kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa ukuba amabele akho anjani na.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.Y.17122.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu xwebhu luqulethe iinkcukacha ezihamba ngokwamanqanaba ezinto ekufuneka uzenzile ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yesithuthi.
Uncede nabani na owenzakeleyo.
Ufumanise ukuba umonakalo ungakanani na.
Ufumane zonke iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.
Unikezele ingxelo ngale ngozi emapoliseni.
Musa ukuphazamisana nobungqina.
Zazi iziphumo ezinokuza nomthetho.
Amapolisa aya kugcwalisa ingxelo yengozi leyo, egcinwa mhlawumbi yi-SAPS, umaspala okanye liSebe lePhondo Lezothutho Nemisebenzi Yoluntu, futhi kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuvulwe ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho na nokuba ingozi leyo yehle kwingingqi yolawulo lwaloo maspala na. Zonke iingxelo zeengozi zezithuthi ngaphandle kweengingqi zolawulo loomaspala, apho kungekho tyala lalwaphulo-mthetho liphandwayo, zigcinwa leli Sebe.
Ukuba ubandakanyeka kwingozi yesithuthi ebangela ukonzakala okanye ukuphulukana nobomi kuye nabani na, okanye ebangela umonakalo kwimpahla okanye isilwanyana, umthetho ukuyalela ukuba umise isithuthi eso.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungasimisi isithuthi sakho emva kwengozi, futhi ungohlwaywa imali efikelela kumashumi amathathu anesithandathu amawaka eerandi, okanye uvalelwe uthothoze emjiva ixesha eliya kwisithoba seminyala, okanye zombini.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba usimise isithuthi sakho okanye unikezele ingxelo ngengozi ukuba uthi umbonzeleke emthini ze wonakalise isithuthi sakho kuphela futhi ibe nguwe kuphela owenzakeleyo. Kodwa ke, ukuba uthi wonakalise impahla yomnye umntu, kufuneka umise ze unikezele ingxelo ngale ngozi emapoliseni kwesona sikhululo samapolisa sikufutshane.
Xa umisa, kufuneka ukhanyise izikhanyisi zakho ezichaza ukuba usengozini ukuyala abaqhubi bezinye izithuthi ngale ngozi.
Emva kokuba umisile, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kukho mntu wenzakeleyo na, futhi umncede kangangoko unakho. Kufuneka futhi ubize inkonzo yohlangulo ekhawulezileyo. Inombolo yesizwe yexesha likaxakeka esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku ngu-084 124 okanye ungatsalela namapolisa kule nombolo 10111.
Ukuba awazi nto ngoncedo lokuqala, qaphela ungenzi nantoni na enokwandisa ukwenzakala oko.
Ngaphandle kokuba nawe udinga uncedo, kufuneka uhlale kwindawo yengozi leyo de igosa lasebupoliseni lithi ungahamba. Ungabekwa ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho xa unokungamncedi umntu owenzakeleyo kuloo ngozi.
Kuya kufuneka ufumanise ukuba ungakanani na umonakalo odalwe yile ngozi kwimpahla nezakhiwo.
Kufuneka unikezele igama nedilesi yakho nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi sakho kuye nabani na onokuzidinga.
iinkcukacha zabasebenzi bezigadla ezitsala izithuthi ezibandakanyeke ezingozini.
Ezi nkcukacha ziya kukunceda ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango kwi-insurance yakho okanye kwiNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela, okanye ke ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango ngeendleko zokulungiswa kwesithuthi sakho kumqhubi wesithuthi esikutshayisileyo.
Emva kwexesha, wena okanye amagqwetha akho angayidinga ikopi yengxelo yale ngozi egcwaliswa ngamapolisa.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba amapolisa abizelwe kwindawo yengozi ukuba akukho mntu wenzakeleyo, kodwa ke ingozi le yona kufuneka ixeliwe - ngabo bobabini aba baqhubi - kwisikhululo samapolisa okanye iofisi yemicimbi yendlela kwiiyure nje ezingamashumi amabini anesine emva kwengozi le.
Kufuneka unikezele ngegama nedilesi yakho nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi kwigosa lasebupoliseni okanye lezendlela, mhlawumbi kwindawo yengozi leyo okanye kwisikhululo samapolisa okanye kwi-ofisi yamagosa ezendlela xa unikezela ingxelo ngale ngozi. Kukwafuneka uveze iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba isithuthi.
Ukuba wenzakele, ngoko akukwazi kunikezela ngxelo ngengozi leyo ngoko nangoko, kufuneka wenze njalo ngokona kukhawuleza futhi uchaze ukuba kutheni na kubekho ukulibaziseka ekunikezelweni kwale ngxelo.
Kulityala ukunganikezeli ngxelo ngengozi apho konakele impahla yomnye umntu, okanye apho omnye umntu athe wonzakala khona, futhi oku kunjalo nokuba bonke abaqhubi ababandakanyekayo abanazinjongo zakuvula tyala.
Kufuneka UNGASELI nabuphi na utywala okanye UNGASEBENZISI naziphi na iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo ngaphandle kokuba oko ukwenza ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha.
Ukuba amapolisa akucela ukuba uye kuvavanyo lwempilo, kufuneka ungaseli nabuphi na utywala okanye ungasebenzisi naziphi na iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo phambi kolo vavanyo nangaphambi kokunikezela ingxelo ngale ngozi.
Ukuba kukho nabani na othe wonzakala kule ngozi, izithuthi azinakususwa ngaphambi kokuba igosa lasebupoliseni okanye lezendlela lifike ze linikezele nomyalelo wokuba izithuthi ezo zingasuswa.
Ukuba ingozi le izivalela ngokupheleleyo ezinye izithuthi ukuba zidlule, izithuthi ezibandakanyeka kwingozi le zingasuswa kakuhle nangokuchanekileyo ukuvulela ezinye izithuthi, kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo iindawo ebezime kuzo nendlela ebezime ngayo ezi zithuthi (umzekelo: ngetshokwe okanye ngepeyinti yokuphawula).
ibango lokwenzakaliswa komntu othile.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.Y.3149.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni Impilo Yengqondo?
Olu ke luxwebhu oluthe ngqo nolucacileyo ngokuba kuthethwa ngantoni na xa kuthethwa ngempilo yengqondo nangokuguka engqondweni. Liphetshana elinemibuzo ngendlela abantu abamelana ngayo neenzima zobomi kwakunye neempendulo kwimibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo ngempilo yengqondo.
Impilo yengqondo ayijolisanga nje ekungagulini ngengqondo, koko ngobukho bempilo ngokwengqondo nokuma kakuhle apha entloko. Impilo yengqondo ingendlela oziva ngayo ngawe, imo yobudlelwane bakho nabanye abantu kwanokuba uwamkela njani na amathuba akuvelelayo, iinzima nemiceli-mngeni yobomi bantsuku zonke.
Impilo Yengqondo ingokufumana ukulingana phakathi kokumelana neenzima zobomi nokusebenzisa amathuba aza nobomi ngokuphuhla okuqhubela phambili. Khawuzame ukwazi ukomelela kwakho (ze usebenzele ukukukhulisa) nemingcipheko okuyo (usebenzele ukuyoyisa okanye ukufumana inkxaso kuyo) ze ufunde ukuzazi xa ungakwazi kumelana neemfuno zobomi bakho futhi usemngciphekweni wokuphazamiseka ngendlela engekho mpilweni.
Sinokungaziva siphilile okanye sikulungele ukumelana nobomi ngokwasengqondweni ngawo onke amaxesha. Ngokuphandle, ukomelela okanye ukujuba kwethu, ngenkxaso esuka kubanye abantu, kungasinceda sibuyele empilweni eyiyo emva kwentlekele okanye imeko ephazamisana nesimo sengqondo ebesikuso, xesha elo singaziva mnandi ngalo ebomini bethu. Okunye ukuphazamiseka kunokuba ngumceli-mngeni futhi kunike umdla (ukufumana isithuba esitsha somsebenzi, uxanduva olwahlukileyo.) Kufuneka sizinqande ekuvumeleni amaqondo okuphazamiseka kweengqondo zethu ukuba afikelele kumanqanaba apho singenakumelana nobomi bethu bantsuku zonke.
Vavanya iqondo lokungazinzi kwengqondo yakho. Funda le mibuzo ilandelayo. Kwixesha ngalinye ophendula ngokuthi "ewe" kuyo, faka uphawu kule bhokisi.
Ingaba usoloko uziva udiniwe?
Ingaba ukufumana kunzima ukulala?
Ingaba uhlaselwa yintloko ebuhlungu, izilonda, okanye ukungacoleki kokutya esiswini?
Ingaba ukufumana kunzima ukuzikisa ingqondo?
Ingaba kuba luxanduva xa kufuneka uphumlile?
Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla ekwabelaneni ngesondo?
Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla kwizinto ozithandayo kwanezinye iintshukumo obusoloko uzonwabela?
Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla ekutyeni okanye mhlawumbi ingaba utya ngaphezu kwesiqhelo?
Ingaba usoloko ufika emva kwexesha emsebenzini?
Ingaba awuthandi okanye awuziva mnandi xa ukunye nabantu ophangela nabo?
Ingaba uziva unomsindo, udikwa ngokukhawuleza okanye "usezantsi kakhulu ngokwenqanaba lobomi kubanye abantu"?
Ingaba uya nazo ekhaya iingxaki zasemsebenzini emva kwemini nangeempela-veki?
Ingaba wenza izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo nezingazikisisiswanga?
Ingaba ukufumana kunzima ukufikelela kwizigqibo?
Ukuba ufumana ezinye zeempawu onazo kolu vavanyo lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, mhlawumbi kusenokuba uphazanyiswa yimiba yasemsebenzini. Abantu abaninzi kuthi baziva ngolu hlobo ixesha nje elincinci kwinqanaba elithile ebomini. Njengokuba kungekho zindlela zilula zokunyanga ezinye zezi ngxaki sithi sibe nazo, ukuthabatha amanyathelo okunciphisa oku kuphazamiseka emsebenzini ukuze sizibuyisele kwimo yesiqhelo okanye sikhusele impilo yeengqondo zethu yeyona nto ingcono umntu anokuyenza.
Ungaphinda uzibekele ngokutsha izinto ezibalulekile ebomini bakho ofuna ukuzifumana kuqala, ukuba unakho: Qwalasela kuphela izinto ezibalulekileyo.
Jonga izinto ngobunjalo bazo: Yahlula-hlula amaphulo abe yimisetyenzana onokumelana nayo, fumanisa onokumelana nongenakumelana nako.
Nyaniseka kubalingane bakho/kumphathi wakho emsebenzini: Yiza neendlela ezinokuphucula le meko.
Khathalela impilo yakho yomzimba, yengqondo neyeminye nje imiba yobomi bakho. Musa ukungazihoyi izihlobo nosapho lwakho.
Sebenza kwangexesha ukwenzela ube nexesha elaneleyo lokuphumla: Funda ukuthi "hayi". Musa ukuziva unetyala ngokuzinika ixesha lokuphumla.
Fumana inkxaso: Tyumba futhi ubazi abantu onokwabelana nabo ngeengxaki ze nizame nokufumana izisombululo.
Ingxenye ebalulekileyo ekugcineni impilo yengqondo yakho ikwimeko ephilileyo ekhaya nasemsebenzini kukuzinakana xa unengxaki yempilo yengqondo okanye usemngciphekweni wokuba naloo ngxaki. Ulwazi, yaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, uvavanyo neengcebiso ngonyango zingafumaneka kwiziko lezempilo elikufutshane nawe, kugqirha okanye kumongikazi okanye iklinikhi yempilo yengqondo neyomzimba. Abasebenzi bezempilo abazisebenzela bucala njengoogqirha bengqondo, iingcali zeeklinikhi zengqondo kwanoonontlalo-ntle beeklinikhi bangaluncedo.
Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo zidala uthotho lwezigulo ezisukela kwezingembi kuyaphi ezingumvuka weenguqu ebomini bakho ukuya kwezona zinobuzaza kakhulu ezinokunyanzelisa ukuba umntu ade aye kugcinwa esibhedlele futhi afumane nonyango oluqhubekekayo ukumenza akwazi ukumelana nobomi bantsuku zonke ekhayeni nasemsebenzini. Ezinye izigulo zinokuvela ngamaxesha athile kuphela, umzekelo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo emva kokubeleka koomama abatsha, ukwanda kokungazinzi kwengqondo (iDementia) kubantu abasele bekhulile. Ezinye zinokuvela nakwesiphi na isigaba sobomi.
Ezantsi apha kukho uluhlu lweempawu nemiqondiso kumanqanaba amathathu kolu thotho luphangaleleyo lweengxaki zempilo yengqondo sinokuthi sizifumane sihlaselwe zizo, ukukunceda ukhangele ubume bengqondo ngelo xesha ucinge ngalo. Apho le miqondiso okanye eminye imifuziselo ekuxhaphakeleyo yobudlelwane okanye yokuziphatha ichaphazela futhi iphazamise ukusebenza kwakho empangelweni okanye esikolweni ze ikuphazamise wena nosapho lweqabane lakho nendlela nje yokuphilisana noluntu, kusenokuba unengxaki yempilo yengqondo edinga ukunikwa ingqalelo.
Ingaba Usoloko uziva udangele okanye ucaphukile okanye zombini (uzive usoloko ungxola okanye unyembezana)?
Uziva ungenakuncedakala, ungenathemba, unetyala futhi kungasekho kwakho emhlabeni?
akukwazi kuzinza uqondisise kwinto ethile futhi ulibala rhoqo?
ukufumana kunzima ukufikelela kwizigqibo?
ucinga ngokufa okanye ukuzibulala?
Uziva udiniwe futhi ungenamandla?
Uyatyeba okanye uyehla emzimbeni (akunamdla wakutya okanye utya ngaphaya kokuqonda)?
Uneengxaki zokulala (ulala ixesha elide kakhulu okanye elincinci kakhulu), akuziva ukhe waphumla emva kokulala?
unamaqondo okwenza izinto adungekileyo okanye ehle kakhulu (ixesha likhawuleza kakhulu)?
Ingaba uzifumana ungenakuzinza, ungakhululekanga, okanye ukhathazeke ngokugqithisileyo?
unoloyiko lokusweleka okanye lokwahluleka ukulawula imeko ophantsi kwayo?
woyika ukungakwazi kuqhwesha, yaye akufuni kuzishiya iindawo osele uziqhelile?
uziva uphantsi koxinzelelo lweengcinga zeemeko ezingenakuba yinyaniso?
uziva unentloko ethambileyo, uphelelwa ngumphefumlo okanye unesizunguzane?
uneentlungu zesisu, iintloko ezibuhlulngu, ukubambana kwemisipha okanye uziva undindisholo okanye urhawuzelelwa ..?
Ingaba kukho amaxesha apho uva amazwi, ubona imibono, uva okanye unukiselwe ngamavumba, nto ezo zingenzekiyo kubanye abantuintloko yakho iziva ingenakumelana nokucinga, iingcinga zakho zivakala zidida futhi zingavakali, zingahlangani yaye kunzima ukuzibumba...uneenkolelo eziluqilima abanye abantu abangenakuziqonda, umzekelo, kukho abantu abafuna ukukonzakalisa, okanye unamandla nolwazi olulodwa...ubona abanye abantu bengenakuzazi iingcinga zakho okanye wena ukwazi ukubona iingcina zabanye...indlela oziveza ngayo ngokwasemphefumlweni ibonakala "imcambalala" okanye ingaqhelekanga kwabanye... amandla akho okumelana nempilo nokuba sempilweni kwakho kwanemisebenzi yakho aya ephela?
Abantu bangakubaleka ukumelana neengxaki zempilo yengqondo yabo okanye iinzima zemiphefumlo yabo "ngokuthi bazinyange": Bangakwenza oku ngokuthi basebenzise ngokungaphaya kweqondo elamkelekileyo amachiza afumaneka ngokuthengwa kwiivenkile zamachiza okuzinyanga okanye amachiza angumyalelo kagqirha, utywala nezinye iziyobisi.
Ngelixa oku kunokukunika ukukhululeka ithutyana elingephi, kusenokukhokelela kwiingxaki zokungakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwaloo machiza, ngaphandle kokunyanga ingxaki le. Ungaludinga uncedo lokuyeka loo machiza ukuba ubusele uwaqalile. Abantu abanengxaki yempilo yengqondo banokungalufuni uncedo abaludingayo ngenxa yokuba ukugula ngengqondo luphawu lokuphelelwa ngamandla, ukonqena, ukungamkeleki eluntwini okanye iingcinga ezizele yiminqweno
Iinyaniso zicacile: Izigulo zempilo yengqondo, njengezigulo zempilo yomzimba, zingachaphazela nabani na. Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo zibanga intlungu yaye zingabangela ukukhathazeka njengokonzakala emzimbeni, futhi ukufumana uncedo kwangexesha yeyona nto ingcono unokuyenza ukwenzela ukuphakamisa awona mathuba maninzi okuphila. Ukufumana uncedo ngelona thuba likhawulezileyo kukunika amathuba amaninzi nakhawulezileyo okuba ngcono. Inyathelo lokuqala ekufumaneni uncedo kukwamkela ukuba ukuya kufuna uncedo yinto ekulungele ukuba uyenze!
kumcebisi wesikolo okanye wenkonzo yakho kugqirha okufutshane nawe iziko lasekuhlaleni lezempilo okanye kwiklinikhi ekwinqwelo ejikelezayo kwiklinikhi yabasebenzi okanye kumongikazi wezempilo oonontlalo-ntle, iingcali zempilo yengqondo, oogqirha bempilo yengqondo kwanezinye izifundiswa ngempilo yengqondo.
Isalathisi seenkonzo zempilo yengqondo kungaqhagamshelwana naso ukuze kufumaneke amanye amaziko anikezela uncedo.
Usenokunqwenela ukutsalela umnxeba kucingo lomnxeba woncedo ukuze ube nokubonisana neengcali ngale nyewe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.Y.67819.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Olu shicilelo luquka ulwazi ngeempawu, unobangela nonyango lwesifo sombefu. Lukwanikezela nangolwazi ngedlela esi sifo esigqugqisa ngayo apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Yintoni Isifo Sombefu?
Ziintoni Iimpawu Zesifo Sombefu?
Isifo Sombefu Esi Singabuchaphazela Njani Ubomi Bam/Umgangatho Wobomi Bam?
Yontoni Ebangela Ukuhlaselwa Okokuqala Sisifo Sombefu?
Singanyangeka Njani Isifo Sombefu?
Ndingalufumana Phi Olunye Ulwazi Ngesifo Sombefu?
Isifo sombefu esi sesinye sezona zifo zixhaphakileyo zemiphunga kusokoliswana nazo ehlabathini namhlanje.
Esi sifo sichaphazela malunga nomntwana omnye kwabalishumi (10%) ze abe mnye umntu omkhulu kwabangamashumi amabini (5%).
Singakuhlasela okokuqala nokuba ubudala bungakanani na, nditsho nasebudaleni.
Nangona nje isifo sombefu sisoloko sivela phambi kokuba umntu abe nesihlanu seminyaka ubudala, abambalwa abantwana abathi bachaphazeleke baya kuthi "basoyise" kwiminyaka yabo yokukhula kodwa ke sidla ngokuxhathisa xa sithe samosulela umntu ebudaleni.
Isifo sombefu sidla ngokuhlasela iintsapho njengoko zisenza ezinye izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane womungu nesifo sesikhumba esirhawuzelayo.
Asikanyangeki okwangoku esi sifo kodwa ke ukuba siyahoyakala abo bachaphazelekayo banganakho ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, besonwabela kwanokuzibandakanya kwezemidlalo nakuzo zonke ezinye iintshukumo ngokupheleleyo.
Ukukhohlela, ukukhohlela kabuhlungu, ukuminxana kwesifuba, ukungakwazi kuphefumla. Ezi mpawu ziwahlasela kakhulu nakabuhlungu amaxhoba ngexesha langokuhlwa nasemva kweentshukumo ezifana nokuzilolonga okanye ukudlala.
Kukho iintsuku zokuphangela nezesikolo apho umntu angazukukwazi ukuzimasa (ukuba nelungu losapho okanye umntwana ophila nesi sifo kukhokelela nasekubeni omnye umntu angaphangeli okanye angayi esikolweni ngenxa yokuba kufuneka enonophele elo xhoba).
Ukuhlaselwa sesi sifo kabuhlungu kwakunye neempwu zaso ziyingxaki, zinganobungozi futhi zingatya kakhulu engxoweni.
Obona bungozi besi sifo kukuba ngamanye amaxesha asibonakali ukuba sikho ze sibe nokunyangwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ixhoba laso lihlaselwe ziintlungu ebezingeyomfuneko.
Oyena nobangela wale nkqubo yesi sifo sombefu akakaqondakali kakuhle kodwa ke kusacingeleka ukuba umbefu lo ngumvuka wokungalungelani neentlobo ezithile zamavumba apho ithi imiphunga ixakane nento ethile esemoyeni.
Umkhuhlane obangelwa yintsholongwane ethile ungazenza zibe nobuzaza kakhulu okwexeshana iimpawu zesi sifo yaye oku kungathabatha ithuba elifikelela kwiiveki ezintandathu emva koku kugula.
Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu kubangelwa amaxesha amaninzi kukungalungelani neentlobo ezithile zamavumba aza namangolwane othuli lwendlu, aza nengca kwakunye nalawo aza nomungu wemithi, imingxunya ebangelwa kukubola kwakunye noboya obuphuma kwizilwanyana ezinoboya ezifana neekati nezinja. Iintlobo ezithile zokutya kwakunye nezongezelelo (ngamaxesha ambalwa) nazo zikwabangela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu xa zityiwe.
Ukungcola kwwendalo, ingakumbi umsi womdiza, umsi omdaka ophuma kumbhobho weenqwelo-mafutha kwakunye neminya imimoya ephuma ekhutshelwa ngaphandle ngamachiza zingangunobangela wokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu. Nabantwana bangahlaseleka ukuba bathi basezele kwimiphunga yabo imisi yemidiza etshaywa ngabazali babo.
Imidlalo nokuzilolonga, ingakumbi ngeentsuku ezibandayo, kungakhokelela ekubeni umntu ahlaselwe sisifo sombefu. Kodwa ke ukuba sithi sinyangwe ngendlela eyiyo, esi sifo singalawuleka kakuhle futhi amaxhoba kunganganynzeleki ukuba ayeke ukudlala okanye ukuzilolonga.
Enyanisweni ke ishumi ekhulwini leembaleki ziphila nesifo sombefu.
Iimo zomzimba ezifana nokugcoba, umsindo, uloyiko nokuhleka zonke zingawongeza amathuba okuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu.
sele zikhankanyiwe ekuhlaselweni kwabantu sesi sifo.
Isifo sombefu asisokuze sinyangeke ngokupheleleyo akujkhathaliseki nokuba ubani uthini na, kodwa ke xa sinokuthi sinyangwe ngendlela eyiyo, amaxhoba esi sifo angaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobugqibeleleyo kwakhona. Injongo yolu nyango kufuneka ibe kukwenza imiphunga kunye nemibhobho yokuphefumla isebenze ngendlela eqhelekileyo ukuze zinciphe iimpawu ze kunciphe kangangoko ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuphila.
Kukho ubungqina obungathandabuzekiyo bokwenyuka kwenani labantu abanesi sifo kuzo zonke iintlanga zaseMzantsi Afrika. Kumashumi amabini anesihlanu eminyaka adlulileyo lenyuke ukusuka kumashumi amabini anesihlanu ukuya kutsho kumakhulu amabini inani labantu abamkelwe kwizibhedlele zaseThekwini naseSoweto ngenxa yokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu.
Kumashumi-shumi eminyaka, kwafunyaniswa ukuba izifo ezingumvuka wokungalungelani namavumba nezidlo ezithile aziwahlaseli kakhulu ama-Afrika. Ngokulandelisa ezangaphambili, izifundo zophando zamva-nje zidize ukuba iintsapho zamaAfrika azinambali ingako yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo yaye ngoko ke ambalwa amathuba okuba amaAfrika la ahlaselwe sesi sifo. Kodwa ke, amanye amaAfrika amaninzi anembali yokungalungelani neentlobo ezithile zamavumba nezokutya athi ahlaselwe zizifo ezikumila kunje xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iibntlanga. Ukufikelela kwasebutsheni kwiintlobo ezithile zamavumba nezidlo ezisuka kwindlela yaseNtshona yokuphila ibe negalelo kwindlela ebanzi efunyaniswe kwiintsana zama-Afrika kunezezinye izizwe. Ezi mpawu zingumvuka wokwanda kwenani labantwana abanesifo sombefu.
Izifundo zophando ezenziwe kubemi beengingqi ezisemaphandleni zaPhesheya kweNciba zifumanise ukuba ukufudukela kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nezisondele ezidolophini kukhokelela ekuphinda-phindaneni kwamathuba okukhula kweempawu zesifo sombefu ngamashumi amabini, kodwa ke esi sifo sikwakhula nakwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni.
EKapa, eThekwini naPhesheya kweNciba, ingca, amaphela kwakunye nokungalungelani neekati okanye ivumba leekati zizinto ekufunyaniswe ukuba zezona zibalulekileyo ezibangela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu, ngokulandelelana kwazo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Pubs.public_info.q.69201.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uninzi lwabaqhubi luqhuba izithuthi ezineenjini ezingekho mgangathweni, nto leyo ethetha ukuba imali ithi ivuthelelwe ngaphandle ngale mibhobho iphuma umoya omdaka wesithuthi! ISebe Lezimbiwa Namandla licebisa abasebenzisi bamafutha ukuba balandele la macebiso okusetyenziswa kwamafutha nendlela esemgangathweni yokuqhuba ukuze kongiwe ilitha nganye yamafutha esithuthi.
Zivale iifesitile zenqwelo-mafutha xa uqhuba, kuba kaloku ifestile evulekileyo idala umoya obangela ukuba kusebenziseke amafutha ongezelelwe ngamashumi amabini ekhulwini kunesiqhelo. Kumntu ochitha ikhulu leerandi ngeveki kumafutha esithuthi, ukonga amashumi amabini ekhulwini kungathetha ukuba uya konga ama-R20 ngeveki, mali leyo inokuphinda-phindana iye kufikelela kuma-R80 ngenyanga. Leyo ke yimali umntu abenokuyihlawula kwityala lendlu yakhe okanye ibe yimali egcinelwa amaxesha obunzima.
Sebenzisa ioli elungelelana neentlobo ezinininzi zezithuthi kuba yona inciphisa oku kusebenziseka kwamafutha amaninzi.
Lolonga inqwelo-mafutha yakho uqinisekise ukuba isoloko isemgangathweni rhoqo.
Sebenzisa incwadi oza kugcina kuyo onke amaxesha othenge ngawo amafutha enqwelo-mafutha yakho kwakunye nemigama osele uyihambile ukuze ube nokuzibekela amanqaku amatsha oqoqosho ukuze ube nokuwubona nomahluko ekusebenzieni kwezithuthi sakho ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwezixhoobo ezithile zaso.
Ukuba unakho seka amaqela okuthuthana nezihlobo.
Kubaleke ukuqhuba ngamavili aonomoya osezantsi kuba kaloku umoya wamavili ophantsi kakhulu awandisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kwamavili, kodwa ke ukwanciphisa kakhulu ubomi bamatayala lawo.
Zinqande ekuqhubeni umana ukumisa okokoko.
Xa usenyusa isantya, kwenze kancinci oko.
Musa ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu. Okona usenyusa isantya kukokona usebenzisa amafutha amaninzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.R.11775.1.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba kuyimfuneko ukuba ndibhalise umntwana wam esikolweni?
Kuxa ebudala bungakanani umntwana wam apho kufuneka aqalise kwibanga lokuqala?
Ndingambhalisa nini, phi umntwana wam?
Ndingambhalisa nakwesiphi na isikolo umntwana wam nokuba sele singekho kufutshane nekhaya lam okanye indawo endisebenza kuyo?
Yintoni ekufuneka ndiyazile phambo kokubhalisa umntwana wam?
Zeziphi iimpepha ezifunekayo xa ndisenza isicelo?
Zeziphi ezinye iimpepha ezifunekayo ukuba andingommi woMzantsi Afrika?
Ndazi njani ukuba umntwana wam wamkelwe kweso sikolo?
Ndingenza ntoni ukuba umntwana wam uthe walelwa ukungena esikolweni?
Ingaba kufuneka ndimbhalise umntwana wam esikolweni?
Ewe, bonke abantwana abaphakathi kwesixhenxe neshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka kufuneka bebhalisiwe.
Kuxa ebudala bungakanani apho umntwana wam kgfuneka eqalise kwibanga lokuqala?
Umntwana angaqala kwiBanga 1 kuphela ukuba uza kuba neminyaka esixhenxe ubudala kunyaka wakhe wokuqala esikolweni. Kumaxesha anqabileyo, iSebe Lemfundo lePhondo lingawaqwalasela amathuba okwamkelwa komntwana esikolweni ngaphambi kwexesha, oko ke kukuthi, ukwamkelwa esikolweni eselula kunobudala obuqingqiweyo, futhi izikolo zingakucebisa kulo mba.
Ndimbhalisa nini, phi umntwana wam?
Ungambhalisa umntwana wakho kwisikolo esikufutshane nekhaya lenu okanye kwisikolo esikufutshane nomsebenzi wakho phakathi kwenyanga yeThupha neyeNkanga kunyaka ophambi kwalowo aqala ngawo esikolweni.
Ndingambhalisa umntwana wam kuso nasiphi na isikolo nokuba sesingekho kufutshane nekhaya lam okanye nendawo endiphangela kuyo?
Ewe, ungambhalisa umntwana wakho kuso nasiphi na isikolo sikarhulumente . Noko kunjalo, izikolo zilindeleke ukuba ziqwalasele kuqala abantwana abanabazali abahlala okanye abaphangela kufutshane nesikolo eso.
Xa isikolo sele sigcwele, singangamthathi umntwana wakho ze simbeke kuluhlu lwabalindileyo. Kuya kufuneka ke ubhalise umntwana wakho kwesinye isikolo esisenayo indawo yokufunda.
Yintoni ekufuneka ndiyazile phambi kokuba ndibhalise umntwana wam?
Kufuneka wazi ukuba umntwana wakho akanandawo yakhe ayibekelweyo esikolweni de ube umbhalisile kweso sikolo.
Inqununu yesikolo eso kufuneka ikunike umgaqo-nkqubo wokwamkelwa kwabantwana weso sikolo ze awucacise kuwe. Kufuneka ubuze ukuba zeziphi na ezisetyenziselwa ukufundisa kweso sikolo ze uthathe nesigqibo sokuba ezo lwimi zimlungele na umntwana wakho. Kukwafuneka ufumanise nokuba isikolo eso sibiza malini na ngokweentlawulo zokufunda. Ukuba akunakumelana nezo ntlawulo, kufuneka ubuze inqununu okanye ke igosa leso sikolo ukuba ungasifaka njani na isicelo sokuvunyelwa ungazikhuphi iintlawulo okanye ezinye iintlawulo zesikolo.
Isikolo sikarhulumente singanganyanzelisi ukuba umntwana enze aqale avavanywe ngoviwo lokwamkelwa kwisikolo eso. Uviwo lunokwenziwa kuphela ukuzama ukufumanisa ukuba mntwana afakwe kweziphi na izifundo kweso sikolo.
Kufuneka ucele ukubona umgaqo wokuziphatha weso sikolo ze uqinisekise futhi ukuba ungazibophelela kuwo ngokuthi uwutyikitye.
Zeziphi iimpepha ezifunekayo xa usenza isicelo?
Isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa okanye ke incwadana yesazisi yomntwana; kunye nekhadi lokugonywa komntwana; kunye nekhadi lokukhululwa komntwana kwisikolo asuka kuso okanye ke ingxelo yomntwana yokugqibela kubantwana ababekhe bafunda ngaphambili.
Qwalasela ke ukuba iziqinisekiso zokuphehlelelwa azinakuthatyathwa njengobungqina bosuku lokuzalwa komntwana.
Zeziphi kanene ezinye iimpepha ezifunekayo ukuba andingommi woMzantsi Afrika?
Ndazi njani ukuba umntwana wam wamkelwe esikolweni?
Isebe Lemfundo leNtshona Koloni, ngokuthi lisebenzise inqununu, kufuneka likwazise ngeziphumo zesicelo sakho.
Yintoni endinokuyenza ukuba umntwana wam uthe akamkelwa esikolweni?
Ungacela ingcaciso ebhalwe phantsi kweli sebe, ngokuthi uhlangane nenqununu yesikolo eso. Ukuba awanelisekanga zizizathu ozinikiweyo ngokungamkelwa komntwana wakho esikolweni, ungafaka isibheno esibhalwe phantsi kumphathiswa wezemfundo kweli phondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.R.11775.2.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isikolo siya kukucela ukuba ukhuphe iintlawulo zesikolo neendleko zokufunda. Isixa saloo ntlawulo kuvunyelwana ngaso kwintlangano yoluntu yequmrhu elilawula eso sikolo, ntlanganiso leyo kufuneka ibanjwe minyaka le, futhi apho abazali bavotela isixa seentlawulo zesikolo ekufuneka sikhutshiwe. Kodwa ke, ukuba akukwazi kumelana naloo ntlawulo ifunekayo okanye ke mhlawumbi ungahlawula isixa esithile kuphela, ungabhalela iqumrhu elilawula eso sikolo incwadana yembalelwano apho ucela ukuvunyelwa ungazikhuphi iintlawulo zesikolo, okanye ke uvunyelwe uhlawule isixa esithile esisezantsi kweso sibekiweyo. Eli qumrhu ke liya kwazisa ngesigqibo salo ngesi sicelo. Ikopi yemimiselo elawula iintlawulo zesikolo iyafumaneka kwisikolo eso. Isikolo eso kufuneka sinkuncedise ukuba udinga uncedo ngesicelo sakho sokuvunyelwa ungazihlawuli iintlawulo ongenakumelana nazo.
Ndingasifaka njani isibheno kwisigqibo sequmrhu elilawula isikolo?
Ukuba ndivunyelwe ukuba ndingazikhuphi iintlawulo zesikolo, ingaba umntwana wam angalelwa ukuba ukuba angene esikolweni?
Ukuba ndivunyelwe ukuba ndingazikhuphi intlawulo zesikolo, ingaba umntwana wam uangalelwa ukuba athabathe inxaxheba kuzo naziphi na iintshukumo zesikolo, okanye abanjelwe iziphumo zezifundo zakhe?
Ingaba ndingalufumana uncedo-mali olunokundinceda ekuhlawuleni iintlawulo zesikolo?
Ndingazifaka izicelo zokufumana iinkxaso-mali endinelungelo lokuzifumana?
Ndingasifaka njani isibheno kwisigqibo sequmrhu elilawula isikolo?
Ungasifaka isibheno sakho kwiNtloko yePhondo yeSebe Lemfundo. Intloko iya kuthi ikucacisele izizathu ngembalelwano ukuba isicelo sakhe sithe sakhatywa.
Ukuba kufikelelwe kwisigqibo sokuba ungamelana nokukhupha iintlawulo zesikolo, ze wena ungazikhuphi, ungathatyathelwa amanyathelo omthetho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyazihlawula naziphi na iintlawulo osemva ngazo.
Ukuba ndivunyelwe ukuba ndingazihlawuli iitlawulo zesikolo, ingaba umntwana wam angalelwa ukuba angene esikolweni?
Hayi. Akukho mntwana unokwalelwa ukungena esikolweni ngenxa yokuba abazali bengenakumelana nokukhupha iintlawulo.
Ukuba ndivunyelwe ukuba ndingazikhuphi iintlawulo zesikolo, ingaba umntwana wam angalelwa ukuba athabathe inxaxheba kuzo naziphi na iintshukumo zesikolo okanye ke abanjelwe iziphumo zezifundo zakhe?
Hayi. Isikolo asinakuzibamba iziphumo zomntwana wakho okanye simkhuphe kuzo naziphi iintshukumo zesikolo kuba ungenakuzihlawula iintlawulo zesikolo.
Ndingayifumana inkxaso-mali ndihlawule iintlawulo zesikolo?
Ungavunyelwa ukuba uhlawule isixa esithile kuphela okanye ungayihlawuli yonke intlawulo yesikolo ngokuthi kujongwe umvuzo wakho.
Ungawongeza umvuzo wakho ngokufaka ibango leenkxaso-mali onokuzifumana.
Inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana: le nkxaso-mali inikwa umntu okhathalela umntwana/abantwana abangaphantsi kwesixhenxe seminyaka ubudala. Umntu ojongene naba bantwana angangunina, uyise, umzali womzali, isizalwane, isihlobo okanye umntakawabo/udad' wabo omdala.
Inkxaso-mali yomntwana oselugcinweni lomnye umzali: Le nkxaso-mali yeyabantwana abaselugcinweni lomntu ongenguye umzali wabo, mhlawumbi uninamkhulu/uyisemkhulu. Yinkundla eyalela ukusekwa kolu hlobo lobudlelwane.
Ndingazifaka njani izicelo zeenkxaso-mali endinelungelo lokuzifumana?
Kufuneka ufake isicelo sakho kwi-Ofisi Yentlalo-ntle okanye ke kweyona Ofisi kaMantyi ikufutshane nawe. Amagosa alapho aya kukubuza imibuzo ze bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo esebenzisa iimpendulo zakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA.R.11775.3.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ungonyulwa njani umele abanye abazali kwiqumrhu elilawula isikolo?
Kwenzeka njani ukuba andithanga ndonyulelwa kwiqumrhu elilawula isikolo?
Ngubani othabatha izigqibo ngemicimbi yesikolo?
Ndingasikhaba njani okanye kubani isigqibo okanye intshukumo?
Yintoni iqumrhu elilawula isikolo?
Iqumrhu elilawula isikolo liqela labantu elilawula isikolo. Lelona qela lithenjiweyo ngokulawulwa kwesikolo. Eli qumrhu lisebenzela isikolo futhi linikezela ingxelo yalo esikolweni eso. Libandakanya inqununu, abameli abonyuliweyo kubahlohli, abasebenzi beso sikolo abangahlohliyo, abazali nabafundi, kwizikolo zamabanga aphezulu. Eli qumrhu nalo lisenokuchonga abantu abanezakhono ezizodwa ekuhlaleni ukuze babe ngamalungu angavotiyo eli qumrhu.
Ndingonyulwa njani ukuze ndimele nabanye abazali kweli qumrhu?
Ungabamela abanye abazali kwiqumrhu elilawula isikolo ukuba uchongiwe ze wonyulwa ngabo bazali ukuze ube lilungu lelo qumrhu lilawula isikolo somntwana wakho. Iqumrhu elilawula isikolo lonyulelwa ithuba eliyiminyaka emithathu. Umntu ngaphinda azigqatse kulonyulo olulandelayo emva kokuba ebekhe wakumalungu equmrhu langaphambili. Ukuhamba komntwana wakho wokugqibela kwesosikolo, kufuneka usishiye isikhundla sakho njengelungu lebhodi yequmrhu elawula isikolo eso njengoko ungasenalungelo kwelo qumrhu. Abazali bangaphinda bonyulelwe kwibhodi yequmrhu isikolo esithile kuphela xa besenabantwana abafunda kweso sikolo.
Inqununu/iqumrhu elilawula isikolo eso silindeleke ngokomthetho ukuba sinike bonke abazali iinkcukacha ngenkqubo yokonyulelwa kwibhodi yequmrhu elilawula isikolo. Kufuneka uvote kulonyulo ngalunye lweli qumrhu.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndithe andonyulelwa kwibhodi yequmrhu elilawula isikolo?
Nokuba sele ungonyuelwanga kweli qumrhu, kufuneka ulixhase kwimisebenzi yalo futhi kufuneka uziphendule izaziso eziyimbalelwano esuka kweli qumrhu, zicela impendulo.
UNELUNGELO lokuzibandakanya kwimiba yesikolo ngokuthi uzimase imihlangano yabazali okanye eminye nje imihlangano eququzelelwe sisikolo, kuquka nomhlangano-jikelele wonyaka wequmrhu elilawula isikolo eso. Isikolo kufuneka sikunike isaziso salo mhlangano ubuncinci iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu phambi kokubanjwa kwawo. Kulo mhlangano, eli qumrhu kufuneka linikezele ngohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwalo kwakunye nengxelo yalo yezimali yonyaka. Isikolo sona kufuneka sikhuphe ingxelo ngeentshukumo zaso ubuncinci kanye ngonyaka.
UKWANELUNGELO lokwaziswa ngabahlohli okanye yinqununu ngeentshukumo zasesikolweni zomntwana wakho. Inqununu nabahlohli kwisikolo somntwana wakho kufuneka bakwazise kwangexesha yaye rhoqo ngentlalo-ntle, ukuziphatha, ukuzimasa kwakunye nenkqubelo ezifundweni ngomntwana wakho. Kukwafuneka waziswe futhi umele umntwana wakho kuzo naziphi na iinkqubo zokohlwaywa kwakhe ngokwemigaqo yesikolo Yemiqathango Yokuziphatha.
Ngubani othabatha izigqibo ngemicimbi yesikolo?
Intloko yeSebe Lemfindo lePhondo, ngokusebenzisa inqununu, yiyo ethabatha zinke izigqibo ngemfundo ezikolweni. Kufuneka wzise ngezi zigqibo futhi unelungelo lokufumana ulwazi ngesikolo eso nemfundo yomntwana wakho. Isikolo eso kukwafuneka sibe Nemiqathango Yokuziphatha. Unelungelo lokwaziswa xa kusenziwa le Miqathango Yokuziphatha nokulungiswa kwayo.
Ndinasikhaba phi isigqibo okanye intshukumo?
yebhunga elimele abafundi, kwiqumrhu elilawula isikolo eso, ze, yelungu lequmrhu elilawula isikolo, kuMphathiswa weSebe Lemfundo leli phondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.R.11775.4.4.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba uthini uMgaqo-nkqubo Wolwimi Olusetyenziswa Kwezemfundo?
Ingaba umntwana wam akayi kuhleleleka ngokuthi afundiswe ngolwimi olungesiso isiNgesi?
Ngubani othabatha izigqibo ngolwimi emalusetyenziswe ekufundeni nasekufundiseni?
Ingaba umntwana wam angakwazi ukukhetha afuna ukufunda nokufundiswa ngalo?
Ingaba uthini uMgaqo-nkqubo Wolwimi Olusetyenziswa Kwezemfundo?
UMgaqo-nkqubo weSebe Lemfundo Wolwimi Emalusetyenziswe Kwezemfundo uyabakhuthaza abafundi ukuba bafunde iilwimi ezingaphaya kwesinye. Eli Sebe likwabakhuthaza abafundi ukuba basebenzise olona lwimi baluqonda kakuhle njengolwimi lokufunda nokufundisa. Bangazifunda ezinye iilwimi njengezifundo okanye bongeze ezinye iilwimi njengeelwimi zokufundiswa.
Ingaba umntwana wam akayi kuhleleleka ngokufundiswa ngolwimi olungesiso isiNgesi?
Ukufunda ngolwimi olusebenzisa ekhaya kwiminyaka yokuqala yokuhamba isikolo kuqinisekisa isisekelo esiluqilima ekufundeni kwixesha elisezayo, kwakunye nokufunda ulwimi olutsha/olulolunye.
Iqumrhu elilawula isikolo kufuneka sifikelele kwisigqibo sokuba makusetyenziswe oluphi na ulwmi ukufunda nokufundisa kweso sikolo. Ulwimi oluya kuthi lusetyenziswe luya kuxhomekeka kolo luthandwa ngabafundi abaninzi kweso sikolo kwanezakhono zeso sikolo ekufundiseni ngolo lwimi luthandwe ngabafundi. Ngapha koko, eli qumrhulilawula isikolo kufuneka lucacise ukuba luceba ukukuphuhlisa njani ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo kweso sikolo.
Ingaba umntwana wam angazikhethela ulwimi lokufunda nokufundiswa esikolweni?
Umfundi ngamnye kufuneka, ekubhaliseni kwakhe esikolweni, achaze ukuba angathanda ukufunda nokufundiswa ngaluphi na ulwimi. Naluphi na ulwimi kwezi zethu zilishumi elinanye lungakhethwa njongolwimi lungakhethwa njengolwimi lokufunda nokufundisa kwisikolo sikarhulumente. Apho kukho abantwana abagqithileyo kumashumi amathathu abace, a ukufunda nokufundiswa ngolwimi oluthile, isikolo eso kufuneka senze amalungiselelo okufumana abahlohli nezixhobo ezaneleyo zokufunda nokufundisa ngolo lwimi.
<fn>GOV-ZA.R.11775.5.5.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Yeyiphi indima endinokuyidlala ukuxhasa inkqubo yokufunda?
Ndingazigcina njani ndincedisa kwiintshukumo zokuphuhliswa kwesikolo?
Njengomzali, unoxanduva lokufaka igalelo kuphuhliso lwesikolo somntwana wakho ngokuthi unikezele iinkonzo kweso sikolo. Oku ke kunokuquka ukuzinikezela apho esikolweni ngokuthi uthabathe inxaxheba kwiintshukumo zaso ezifana nokugcinwa nokulungiswa kwempahla yaso, ukugcinwa nokuhlenga-hlengiswa kweencwadi zezimali zaso, ukulawulwa kweentshukumo zezemidlalo, ukunceda kulawulo lweehambo zesikolo, njalo-njalo.
Yeyiphi indima endinokuyidlala ukuxhasa inkqubo yokufunda komntwana wam?
Umntwana wakho uselugcinweni lwabasebenzi besikolo eso xa asesikolweni. Aba basebenzi besikolo bangazalisekisa uxanduva lwabo lokufundisa ngempumelelo kuphela xa benokufumana inkxaso yabazali.
lokusebenzisana nabasebenzi besikolo eso; ze uphendule kwizaziso zesikolo ezicela impendulo.
Ndingazigcina njani ndincedisa kwiintshukumo zokuphuhliswa kwesikolo?
Abazali babafundi kufuneka baluthathele kubo uxanduva lokuzimasa iintlanganiso zesikolo eziququzelelwe bona. Iqumrhu elilawula isikolo libotshelelwa ngumthetho ukuba linikezele iingxelo kubazali babafundi beso sikolo rhoqo, futhi kufuneka lisoloko liqinisekisa ukuba bayaziswa ngemiba ebachaphazelayo.
Unelungelo lokufuna naziphi na iinkcukacha ezizezinye onokuba nomdla kuzo kwiqumrhu elilawula eso sikolo nakwinqununu. Iqumrhu elilawula eso sikolo kunye nenqununu kufuneka linikezele ngezi nkcukacha, okanye bakuxelele ngembalelwano ukuba kuhteni bengenakukunika nje ezo nkcukacha.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Recognitionofcustomarymarriage.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze umtshato wesiko lesiqhelo uvunywe njengomtshato ofanelekileyo, lo mtshato wesiko lesiqhelo kufuneka ube ungenelwe phambi komhla we 15 Novemba 2000.
Umtshato kufuneka kuthetha-thethwane ngawo, ungenelwe okanye kuvuyiswane ngawo ngokuhambisana nomthetho wesiko lesiqhelo.
Abalingane kufuneka babengaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala eli 18.
Bobabini abalingane mabavume ukutshata.
Abazali bomlingane ongekabinalungelo lokuzithabathela izigqibo ngokwasemthethweni kufuneka bawuvume lo mtshato. Ukubangaba awunabazali, umlondolozi wakho wasemthethweni kufuneka awuvume lo mtshato. Ukubangaba umzali okanye umlondolozi wasemthethweni abanako ukuvuma umtshato, unganxulumana nomkomishinari wentlalontle yomntwana ukuze awuvume. Xa imvume isaliwa ngabazali, ngumlondolozi wasemthethweni okanye isaliwa ngumkomishinari wentlalontle yomntwana, yijaji yeNkundla ePhakamileyo kuphela engaqwalasela ukunika imvume.
Nangona nje kungekho sithintelo malunga nenani lemitshato yesiko lesiqhelo umyeni angayingenela, awukho umtshato wesiko lesiqhelo ongomnye ongangenelwa, ngaphandle kokuba kufunyenwe umyalelo wenkundla ogqalisela inkqubo yexesha elizayo yempahla nezinto zasemitshatweni yakhe.
Kukhutshwa isatifiketi esingafinyezwanga okanye kuveliswa ngokutsha incwadi yobhaliso okanye kuveliswa ngokutsha nawuphina umqulu oxhasayo ongqanyaniswa kwirejista ebandakanyekayo, ndawonye nongqinisiso lwenkcazelo ekwirejista yomtshato.
Isatifiketi somtshato esifinyeziweyo sikhutshwa kwangoko.
Isatifiketi somtshato esingafinyezwanga sithabatha iiveki ezi 6 ukuya kwezisi 8.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Reddoor.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iphulo iRED Door linyathelo lecandelo elilawula amashishini asakhasayo, asakhulayo nakhulileyo elikwiSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho Nezokhenketho. Eli candelo ke lijolise ekuphuculeni ekuphakamiseni uphuhliso lwamashishini asakhasayo kunye/okanye amashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama.
Ekwandiseni amashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama.
Kulula ukufikelela kumaziko eRED Door kwiindawo ezininzi ezinkulu needolophu ezilapha eNtshona Koloni. Sithetha isiNgesi, isiBhulu nesiXhosa yaye abasebenzi bethu abaziingcali kulo mcimbi nabanobubele bayakusebenzisana kakuhle nawe ekuhlalutyeni iimfuno zakho zoshishino ze bakuncede uqulunqe isicwangciso soshishino ezihambelana neemfuno zeshishini lakho elo.
nokufikelela kwi-internet amagumbi amancinci okubambela iingqungquthela ukufikelela ngalo lonke ixesha kubacebisi neenkqubo zokuxhobisa ulutsha, amakhosikazi, amafama asakhasayo kwakunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo ngezakhono zokuba ngabanini bamashishini.
Kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathi, amashishini amancinci anegalelo elikhulu kuqoqosho lwelizwe. Kumazwe ahlumileyo amashishini amancinci agalela ku-60% kuqoqosho lwelizwe; apha eMzantsi Afrika, amashishini amancinci anegalelo elingama-35% kuphela kuqoqosho lwelizwe. Esinye sezizathu zoku ke xa uthelekiswa namanye amazwe asakhulayo njengawo afana neBrazil, ne-India, izinga lokuphumelela kwamashishini amancinci eMzantsi Afrika belisokolo lisezantsi. Ngokunjalo nezinga lokukhula kwabanini-mashishini.
Iinkonzo zenkxaso kumashishini zidingeka kakhulu; kodwa ke kwixesha elingaphambili, ezi nkonzo bezisoloko zingahlangenanga. Iingingqi ezithile bezinikezelwa kakhulu ezi nkonzo ngelixa kwezinye, ingakumbi kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni, zazingekho konke-konke. Amaziko eRED Door asekelwe ukujongana ezi nkonzo zenkxaso kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba zifikeleleka lula, xa zidingeka nalapho zidingeka khona.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Refundlicencefees.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ungasenza isicelo sokubuyiselwa indleko zephepha-mvume lemoto, xa imoto yakho yebiwe, ingasenakuphinda ilungele ukuhamba endleleni okanye icinyiwe kubhaliso lwemoto.
Isicelo sokubuyiswa kwendleko kufuneka senziwe zingaphelanga inyanga ezintathu ukususela ngomhla wesaziso sokwebiwa kwemoto, sokuba ngeke iphinde ikulungele ukuhamba endleleni okanye ngosuku lokucinywa kobhaliso lwemoto.
Qaphela: Imali engaphantsi kwamashumi amathathu ayibuyiselwa.
incwadi yesaziso ingxelo efungelweyo eqinisekisa ukwebiwa kwemoto, angeke iphinde ikulungele ukuhamba endleleni okanye isatifiketi sokucinywa kobhaliso.
Isicelo siqulunqwa kwangolo suku, kodwa imali ibuyiswa emva kwentsuku ezimbalwa ngenxa yokuphicothwa kwencwadi zemali zangaphakathi.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Ifomu lesicelo sokubuyiselwa indleko zephepha-mvume lemoto, RLF, liyafumaneka ezindaweni ezikhupha amaphepha-mvume.
<fn>GOV-ZA. RegFishVessel.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Inqanawa yokuloba sisikhephe okanye inqanawa esetyenziselwa, exhotyiselwe ulawulo, ukuloba nokusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo zaselwandle , okanye esetyenziselwa imisebenzi enxulumene noku. Oku kubandakanya nayiphi inqanawa encedisa okanye enika inkxaso enye inqanawa okanye ezinye iinqanawa elwandle xa zisenza nawuphi na umsebenzi ovumelekileyo onxulumene nokuloba kuquka kodwa kungaphelelanga ekulungisweni, ukuthengiswa, ukugcinwa, ukufakwa efrijini, ukuthuthwa nokwenziwa kwazo. I-South African Maritime Safety Authority neSebe leMicimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho maliyiyivume inqanawa yokuloba.
Akukho nqanawa yokuloba iya kubhaliswa ngaphandle kwelungelo lokuloba nepemithi yokuba yenze imisebenzi yokuloba.
Zalisa ifom ngokuprinta ungadibanisi usebenzisa oonobumba abakhulu kuphela kwakunye nenkcazelo ezinika ingcaciso ebhaliweyo apho kuyimfuneko.
igama lenqanawa yokuloba igama neenkcukacha zenqanawa zomnikazi wenqanawa ukuba yinqanawa ekudityenwe ngayo kunye nabemi bamazwe angaphandle ubude benqanawa umlinganiselo wamandla e-injini yenqanawa inombolo yokubhalisa yenqanawa ilizwe elinegunya lolawulo inqanawa ebhaliswe phantsi kwalo njengangoku isatifikethi sokhuseleko se SAMSA.
Ngenisa ifom yokwenza isicelo yakho kunye nelungelo lakho lokuloba okanye imvumelwano ekugqitywe ngayo kunye nomnikazi ochaphazelekayo wenqanawa eza kusetyenziswa ukuba akunguye umntu onelungelo lokuloba.
Xela ithuba necandelo lokuloba apho inqanawa iya kusetyenziswa khona.
Isicelo singathatha iintsuku ezi-3 kwezokusebenza okanye ngaphezulu, ngokuxhomekeka ekufakweni okufanelekileyo kwesicelo.
Iindleko ziyahluka ngokobude benqanawa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. RegisterBargainCouncil.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
AmaBhunga eeNgxoxo neZigqibo eziHlanganelweyo ajongana nezivumelwano ezihlanganelweyo, asombulula iimpikiswano zemiba yezabasebenzi, aseka izicwangciso zezikim ezithile kwaye aphawule kwimigaqo nemithetho yezabasebenzi.
Imibutho yabasebenzi kunye nemibutho yabaqashi ingenza izicelo zokuseka amabhunga eengxoxo nezigqibo ezihlanganelweyo.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
Yenza isicelo ngokoMphathi woBhaliso woBudlelwane beZabasebenzi kwiSebe leZabasebenzi ukuze ubhalise ibhunga leengxoxo nezigqibo ezihlanganelweyo.
Kungathabatha ithuba elifika kwiintsuku ezingama 60 ukuze kuqhubekiswe isicelo sakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. RegisterTradeUnion.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iyuniyoni ngumbutho wabasebenzi ophakamisa kwaye okhusela iminqweno yamalungu ayo kwimibandela efana nemivuzo kunye neemeko zokusebenza, ngakumbi ngokothetha-thethwano nabaqeshi.
Ubhaliso lweeyuniyoni luwela phantsi kwemisebenzi yoMphathi woBhaliso woBudlelwane beZabasebenzi.
Uluhlu oluneenkcukacha zamagosa eyuniyoni, oluchaza izikhundla zabo okanye imisebenzi abayenzayo.
Ikopi nganye yomgaqo-siseko mayisayinwe nguNobhala nanguMhlali-Ngaphambili, bezivuma ukuba ziikopi zokwenyani.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
Zalisa iikopi ezimbini zefom yesicelo.
Faka iikopi ezintathu zomgaqo-siseko weyuniyoni kwifom yesicelo eya kuthunyelwa kuMphathi woBhaliso.
Ikopi nganye yomgaqo-siseko mayisayinwe nguNobhala nanguMhlali-Ngaphambili, bezivuma ukuba ziikopi zokwenyani.
Posa okanye thumela ngefeksi esi sicelo kuMphathi woBhaliso woBudlelwane beZabasebenzi.
Iindleko Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registeracopyright.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ilungelo lokukhusela umsebenzi othile owenzileyo , lilungelo lokukhusela umsebenzi othile umntu awenzileyo, ongaba ngumsebenzi obhaliweyo kunye nomsebenzi oluqobo lwemvelaphi yawo, iinkqubo zeekhpmpiyutha, imisebenzi yobugcisa, izinto nezixhobo zosasazo, umculo, imiboniso-bhanyabhanya okanye iividiyo.
Eli gama lithi "Protect" lithetha ukunqanda abanye bangakwazi ukukopa okanye ukuvelisa ngokutsha umsebenzi okwafana naloo msebenzi uwenzileyo okanye loo nto uyenzileyo, kunye nokuwusebenzisa ukuze bazalisekise iinjongo zokuzizuzela imali. UMthetho waMalungelo okuKhusela iMisebenzi ethile eyenziweyo unika imiyalelo ye-copyright.
Ngokubanzi, umntu obhale, oshicilele, opapashe, obonise ngokomdlalo, oqingqe, ozobe, ofote okanye ofake kwiingxelo zokugcina, umsebenzi othile, ungumnikazi welungelo lokukhusela loo msebenzi , ngokuzenzekelayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, xa umntu eyalelwe ukuba enze umsebenzi othile, kwaye ehlawulwe ukuze enze umsebenzi othile, ilungelo lokukhusela loo msebenzi iba lelomqashi.
Kwimisebenzi emininzi,, akuyomfuneko ukwenza isicelo selungelo lokukhusela umsebenzi.
EMzantsi Afrika, ungalifumana ilungelo lokukhusela umsebenzi othile owenzileyo , xangaba ungummi waseMzantsi Afrika okanye ukubangaba umsebenzi wakho waveliswa eMzantsi Afrika. Ukubangaba awungommi waseMzantsi Afrika, ungalifumana ilungelo lokukhusela umsebenzi othile owenzileyo ukubangaba ke elinye eli ilizwe liyinxenye yeSivumelwane ekuthiwa yi-Berne Convention. I-Berne Convention sisivumelwano samazwe ehlabathi esimalunga nelungelo lokukhusela umsebenzi othile, amazwe angamalungu anikana ngaso ukhuselo lwelungelo lomsebenzi othile.
Nxulumana neSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Emva kwethuba leenyanga ezintandathu, kwenziwa izintoyinto ezigunyazisiweyo zeemviwo ezigunyazisiweyo, kwaye ilungelo lokukhusela umsebenzi othile owenzileyo lidla ngokunikwa kwinyanga yesixhenxe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registeradesign.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ngokusisiseko "uyilo" lumalunga nokwakheka nokubumbeka kunye neempawu ezinomtsalane emehlweni. Ezinye iintlobo zoyilo zibaluyilo ngenxa yomsebenzi wazo kwaye ezinye zibanjalo ngenxa yobuhle nembonakalo yobuhle.
Ngoko ke, uyilo lumalunga nokwakheka nokubumbeka, ubume, imbonakalo ngokwamehlo, ingqaleko, ukuhonjiswa kunye nokuqingqwa kwemveliso okanye into ethile. Umzekelo, ukuyilwa kweringi , kudla ngokuphenjelelwa bubuhle nembonakalo yobuhle.
ibenobuhle ekwakhekeni nasekubunjweni, kwingqaleko okanye ekuhonjisweni; kwaye kufuneka ikwazi ukuveliswa yinkqubo yamashishini.
Nangona nje kungesosinyanzelo ukufunisa ukuze kukhangelwe uqobo lwemveli yoyilo okanye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba olu yilo okanye uyilo olufana nolu aluzange lwabhaliswa na ngaphambili, kulicebo elihle ukwenza njalo phambi kokufaka isicelo sobhaliso. Kungafuniswa ngoyilo kwi-Ofisi yoBhaliso loYilo e-Pretoria. Oku kufunisa kufuneka kwenziwe ngumntu ubuqu bakhe okanye ngumnxulumanisi , ofana negqwetha lamalungelo okuvelisa nokuqamba.
Uyilo luyavuselelwa qho emva kweminyaka emithathu.
Nxulumana neSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Thumela ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadi yakho yesazisi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registeralateregistrationsbirth.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ubhaliso lokuzalwa olwenziwe emva kwexesha kuxa ukuzalwa komntu kubhaliswe ngaphezulu konyaka emva kokuzalwa.
Hambisa ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadi yesazisi yomama womntwana ukubangaba abazali abatshatanga kwaye utata akakuvumi ukubanguyise womntwana. Kungenjalo, ukubangaba utata ozele umntwana uyakuvuma ukubanguyise womntwana, kufuneka iikopi eziqinisekisiweyo zeencwadi zezazisi zabo bobabini abazali.
Hambisa isatifiketi esiphuma esibhedlele okanye kwikhaya lokubelekisa, apho kuzalelwe khona umntwana. Isatifiketi kufuneka sisayinwe ngumntu ophetheyo kwaye kufuneka siqulathe igama eligunyazisiweyo leli ziko kunye nesitampu somhla.
Hambisa ubungqina beenkcukacha zomntwana ubuqu bakhe njengoko ziqulathwe kwirejista yesikolo okanye kwisatifiketi sesikolo sokuqala esasihanjwa ngumntwana, esisayinwe yinqununu yesikolo. Ubungqina kufanele bubenenombolo yenqununu ubuqu kwisihloko esigunyazisiweyo esinesitampu somhla esigunyazisiweyo sesikolo.
Hambisa isatifiketi sokuphehlelelwa komntwana, ukubangaba sikhutshwe kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu yokuzalwa komntwana.
Ukubangaba abazali abafumaneki, incwadi ebhaliweyo nefungelweyo eyenziwe sisizalwane esisondeleyo esidala kulo mntwana ngeminyaka eli 10 okanye nangaphezulu, esizaziyo iinkcukacha zokuzalwa komntwana, kufuneka ingqine ulwaziso lomntwano kunye nobume bakhe.
Hambisa ingxelo ephuma kumntu onolwazi lobuqu ngobume babazali bomenzi-sicelo. Lo mntu kuyakufuneka nokuba akhaphe umenzi-sicelo ukuya kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yezeKhaya, apho umenzi-sicelo kunye naloo mntu kuyakudliwana iindlebe nabo ngokwahlukeneyo.
Izicelo zingathabatha iinyanga ezi 3 ukuya kwezi 6.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registerandlicence.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Imoto iphephamvume layo ebelimisiwe, ikhutshiwe ezincwadini, zobhaliso, ibiwe, okanye yakhiwe ngokutsha noba itshintshiwe, ifuna ukwenzelwa iphepha-mvume elitsha. Le meko iyafana naxa butshintsha ubunini moto okanye imoto ifunyanwa ezintweni zomntu oswelekileyo.
Iphepha-mvume lemoto iphelelwa lixesha emva kwee nyanga ezilishumi elinesibini.
Dibana ne ofisi yamagosa endlela ekufutshane nawe.
Gcwalisa ifomu lesicelo e ofisini yamagosa endlela.
Bhatala imali emisiweyo.
Qaphela: Izikweleti zemoto enephepha-mvume eliphelelwe lixesha engekavuselelwa, kufuneka zibhatelwe.
Isicelo siqulunqwa kwa ngolo suku lwesicelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registeranexternalcompany.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umbutho welizwe langaphandle ongaphandle koMzantsi Afrika onqwenela ukuqhuba naliphi na ishishini eMzantsi Afrika ungenza isicelo sepemethe njengenkampani yelizwe langaphandle. Inkampani yelizwe langaphandle yinkampani ebhaliswe kwilizwe langaphandle kwaye enqwenela ukuseka inkampani eMzantsi Afrika.
Ngenxa yeenkqubo ezininzi eziqhubekayo njengenxenye yenkqubo yobhaliso iyonke, kulicebo elihle ukuba usebenzise iinkonzo zamagqwetha aseMzantsi Afrika.
Kufanele unxulumane nengcaphephe yasemthethweni eMzantsi Afrika, njengoko iimfuneko ezithile zomThetho weeNkampani , zingafezekiswa kuphela ngamalungu elo candelo loqeqesho lobuchule.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba yonke imiqulu kufuneka izaliswe nge-inki emnyama enzulu nesisigxina.
Zalisa iifom zesicelo njengoko zidweliswe phantsi kwesihloko esithi "Iifom ezizaliswayo" apha ngezantsi.
Khupha iikopi eziqinisekisiweyo zeencwadi zezazisi okanye iipaspoti ezisebenzisekayo zabo bonke abantu ababandakanyeka kule nkampani izakubhaliswa.
Yonke imiqulu kufuneka ikhatshwe yiMimiselo kunye neMigaqo yokuManyana, ekufuneka ibesencwadini kwaye kufuneka iqinisekiswe ngokwegunya lasemthethweni kwiphepha ngalinye nguMntu oneGunya laseMthethweni lokuQinisekisa iMiqulu kwilizwe lemvelaphi.
Ubhaliso lungathabatha iintsuku ezintlanu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registeraprivatecompany.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Inkampani yabucala liqumrhu loshishino elinabanikazi abangabanikazi bezabelo kwaye izabelo zabo azinakuthengiswa kuluntu. NgokomThetho weeNkampani , inkampani yabucala kufuneka ibenabanikazi bezabelo okungenani abasukela kwisinye ukuyakutsho kuma 50. Abanikazi bezabelo badla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngabalawuli benkampani.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Imigaqo yokubhalisa inkampani yoluntu okanye yabucala ibandakanya inkqubo eneenkcukacha ezininzi. Ngenxa yobunzima bemigaqo ebandakanyekayo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iinkonzo zegqwetha kwinkqubo yobhaliso.
Nxulumana neSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini.
Hlawula imali ebekiweyo.
Kungathabatha iintsuku ezintlanu ukuze kubhaliswe inkampani yabucala.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registerasaciproagent.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
I-Ofisi yokuBhalisa iiNkampani kunye neMpahla neZinto eziyiMveliso yeNgqondo , nguye nawuphi na umntu okanye ishishini elidlala indima yokuba ngumngeneleli phakathi kwekhastoma kunye ne-Ofisi yokuBhalisa iiNkampani kunye neMpahla neZinto eziyiMveliso yeNgqondo, ekuthiwa yi-Companies and Intellectual Property Registration Office . Abanxulumanisi kufuneka babhalise kwi-CIPRO. EMzantsi Afrika kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-arhente, ezifana namagqwetha, iifemu zomthetho, iibhanki, abaphicothi beencwadi zemali, amanye amashishini kunye nabantu abazisebenzela bucala.
Bonke ababandakanyeki abanxulumana okanye abafuna ukunxulumana rhoqo noMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani naMaqumrhu angaVulelekanga kufanele babhalisele ukubangabanxulumanisi be-CIPRO. Ukubangaba sele ubhalisile akukho mfuneko yokubhalisa kwakhona; uya kushukunyiswa ubeyi-arhente kwakhona kwaye awuyi kuphulukana nophawu lwakho lokuba yi-arhente.
Ukuze ubhalise, kuya kufuneka uhlawule idipozithi ebuyiswayo, kwi-akhawunti ye-CIPRO. Emva kokuba kufunyenwe ubungqina bobhaliso lwakho, i-akhawunti iyakushukunyiswa kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa. Iindleko zokujonga nokuprinta iSatifiketi seNkampani okanye seQumrhu elingaVulelekanga elibhalisiweyo yi- R30 isatifiketi sisinye. Le mali iya kuba kwi-akhawunti yedipozithi enxulumaniswe kuphawu lwakho lokubayi-arhente, eya kusetyenziswa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze ikuthumele ibango lokuhlawula ekupheleni kwenyanga.
Akukho sicwangciso sasemthethweni esilawula le nkonzo.
Isicelo siqhubekiswa kwangaloo mini.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registerasaprofessionalnaturalscientist.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abangabhaliswanga abanako ukwenza umsebenzi ochongelwe abantu ababhalisiweyo.
Kutheni kufanele ubhalise?
Ziintoni ezifunekayo ukuze ubhaliswe?
Faka kwisicelo sakho intlawulo eqingqiweyo yobhaliso..
IBhunga liyakukubhalisa kwaye likhuphe isatifiketi sobhaliso ukubangaba lanelisekile ukuba unazo iimfuneko ezibandakanyekayo zemfundo namava njengoko kuqulungqwe liBhunga.
Isiphumo sovavanyo asiyikwaziswa kude kubesemva kwentlanganiso yeBhunga.
Ukubangaba, emva kokuqalisa koMgaqo-siseko weRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, 1996, umenzi-sicelo ufunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho, ngaphakathi kwiRiphabhlikhi okanye kwenye indawo, waze wagwetyelwa ukuvalelwa entolongweni isithuba esidlula iinyanga ezintathu, okanye ifayini endaweni yokuvalelwa entolongweni.
Ukubangaba umenzi-sicelo ususwe esikhundleni sokuthembeka, ngenxa yokuziphatha okungafanelekanga..
Ukubangaba umenzi-sicelo ungumntu ongakwaziyo ukuhlawula amatyala nongabuyiselwanga kwimeko yesiqhelo, kwaye oko kungakwazi ukuhlawula amatyala kwabangelwa kukungakhathali kwakhe okanye ukungabinalwazi nezakhono zokwenza umsebenzi owela kwimiba echatshazelwa licandelo enzela lona isicelo sobhaliso.
Ungafaka isibheno esiphikisa isigqibo seBhunga, kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 30.
Kufuneka wenze isicelo sokuvuselela ubhaliso lwakho kwiBhunga, okungenani kwiinyanga ezintathu phambi kokuphelelwa kobhaliso lwakho.
Ubhaliso lungathabatha iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo, kuxhomekeke ekungenisweni kwemiqulu efunekayo.
Kwiinkonzo zebhanki zobuxhakaxhaka bombane kunye needipozithi nqo: Nceda usebenzise oonobumba bokuqala bamagama akho kunye nefani yakho ukuze uchaze intlawulo yakho kwisitetimenti sethu sebhanki, uze uthumele ubungqina bentlawulo ngefeksi, buhambe kunye nephepha LOKUQALA lefom yakho yesicelo, kwinombolo ethi: 841 1057.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registeratrademark.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Uphawu okanye igama lokwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye iinkonzo ligama lohlobo oluthille , intetho emfutshane yokwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye ngeenkonzo ezithile okanye uyilo lophawu lokwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye ngeenkonzo ezithile . I-trade mark ichaza iinkonzo okanye impahla nezinto zomntu kwaye yenza zicace kwaye zahluke kwimpahla nezinto kunye neenkonzo zomnye umntu.
Ngoko ke, igama lohlobo ligama okanye intlanganisela yamagama . Intetho emfutshane yokwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye ngeenkonzo , libinzana elifutshane okanye isivakalisi esifutshane kwaye uyilo lophawu lokwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye ngeenkonzo ngumfanekiso okanye uphawu lokwahlula. Ezi mpawu zinika ulwaziso olwahlukileyo, kwintengiso, kwaye zingasebenziseka kwiimveliso nakwiinkonzo.
Xa uphawu okanye igama lokwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye iinkonzo , sele libhalisiwe, akukho mntu ongomnye ongasebenzisa olu phawu okanye eli gama okanye asebenzise elifana nalo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kungalandela amanyathelo asemthethweni. Kuke kwakho amatyala akwizinga eliphakamileyo eMzantsi Afrika afana naxa i-MacDonalds yathi yamangalela umthengisi wokutya okuphekwa ngokukhawuleza eMzantsi Afrika owayesebenzisa uphawu olufana nele-MacDonalds elino "M".
Fumana ifom ekuthiwa yi-TM1 kwaye uyigcwalise ngokuphindwe kathathu. Iikopi ezimbini zisetyenziswa yi-ofisi kwaye eyesithathu igcinwa nguwe njengobungqina besicelo sakho.
Qala uhlawule imali yobhaliso okanye uyihlawule xa usisa isicelo.
Bhala zonke impahla nezinto okanye iinkonzo ofuna ukusebenzisa kuzo uphawo okanye igama lokwazisa ngezi mpahla nezinto okanye ngezi nkonzo kwicandelo 57 lefom ekuthiwa yi-TM1.
Uqaphele kwaye ulumke kakhulu ungafaki impahla nezinto okanye iinkonzo ezikwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kwisicelo esinye sophawu okanye segama lokwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye ngeenkonzo. Ukuba wenza njalo, uyakucetyiswa ukuba ulungise inkcazelo ibandakanye impahla nezinto okanye iinkonzo zolo didi luxeliweyo. Kwezinye, kuyakufuneka ufake isicelo esahlukileyo ngokutsha.
Sakuba isicelo sakho sihambisana nazo zonke iimfuneko ezigunyazisiweyo, uyakunikwa umhla nenombolo yesicelo. Lonke unxibelelwano olulandelayo oluqhutywa ne-ofisi luyakubanale nombolo yesicelo. Nangona nje kuthabatha iinyanga ezili 18 ukuze kubhaliswe uphawu okanye igama lokwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye ngeenkonzo , ungaqalisa ukuyisebenzisa i-trade mark kwamsinyane emva kokufumana inombolo yakho yesicelo.
Emva koko ke uluntu lunikwa ithuba leenyanga ezintathu ukuze lufake iinkcaso.
Ukubangaba akukho nkcaso ifunyenweyo, siyakhutshwa iSatifiketi soBhaliso loPhawu okanye lweGama lokwazisa ngeMpahla neZinto okanye ngeeNkonzo.
Hlawula ebhankini usebenzise uvimba wophawu lweekhastoma.
Kungathabatha iminyaka emibini ukuze kugqityezelwe ubhaliso lophawu okanye lwegama lokwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye ngeenkonzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registeravehicletestingcentre.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Isikhululo sovavanyo lwemoto liziko elivavanya iimoto likhuphe isatifiketi sokulungela ukuhamba endleleni. Kukhona izikhululo zovavanyo lwemoto ezizimeleyo nezikarhulumente. Zonke izikhululo zovavanyo lwemoto kufuneka zibhaliswe, zinikwe izinga lokusebenza ngaphambi kokuba zikhuphe isatifiketi sokulungela ukuhamba endlelen. Lisakufumana isicelo iCandelo lezoThutho lizakuthumela umhloli ayokujongisisa ukuba isikhululo sovavanyo abone ukuba siyilandele imithetho yobugcisa obubeka isikhululo emgangathweni wobhaliso obekwe yingqokelela yemithetho Yolawulo loMgangatho yase Mzantsi Afrika.
Ukuphumelelangobugcisa kubhekiselele ezintweni zokusebenza zesikhululo sovavanyo noqeqesho abalugqibileyo abavavanyi bemoto.
Izikhululo zovavanyo ezibhalisiweyo zingavavanya kuphela iimoto ngokomgangatho wesikhululo eso.
Ukubhalisa isikhululo esizimeleyo sovavanyo lwemoto, dibana ne ofisi lamagosa endlela ekufutshane ufumane ulwazi oluphangalele.
Thumela incwadi yakho yesaziso neyomntu omele abalawuli xa isicelo usenzela isikhululo sovavanyo.
Kungafuneka uthumele amanye amaxwebhu afunwa yiNkulu Mbuso.
Bhatala imali ebekiweyo.
IKungathabatha iinyanga ezintandathu ukuphonononga isicelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registerdrivinglicencetestingcentre.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Isicelo sokubhalisa iziko lovavanyela amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba imoto.
Isicelo sokubhalisa iziko lokuvavanyela amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba masenziwe kumafomu esicelo amisiweyo. Njengenxalenye yokuphononongwa kwesicelo kulindeleke ukuba uchaze abameli babalawuli nabavavanyi bamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
INkuluMbuso The MEC yezothutho kwiphondo ekwenziwe kulo isicelo izakuthumela umhloli oza kujongisisa umgangatho wezinto zokusebenza icebise ngezinga leziko lovavanyo.
Xa inkulu mbuso yanelisekile lucwaningo uza kulinika umgangatho iziko lovavanyo, agcine ikcukacha kwincwadi yokubhalisa yamaziko okuvavanyela phepha-mvume lokuqhuba akhuphele umceli isatifiketi sobhaliso.
Qhakamshelana neCandelo lezoThutho lephondo.
iincwadi zezazisi zabalawuli beziko lovavanyo lokuqhuba isatifiketi sokubhaliswa kweshishini.
Kungathabatha iinyanga ezintandathu ukubhalisa iziko lovavanyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registerlandforkeepingbuffalo.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Nabanina onqwenela ukufuya iinyathi kufuneka aqale abhalise umhlaba lowo kwiSebe leZolimo.
Cela ugqirha wezilwanyana wombuso okwindawo ohlala kuyo ahlole umhlaba nocingo kwaye angqine ngobume beenyathi ngokwezifo.
Intloko yeenkonzo zezilwanyana kwiphondo kufuneka inike ubungqina bokuba, zikho izinto eziyimfuneko zokubeka iliso rhoqo kwiimeko zefama, zonke iintshukumo nokuhambahamba kweenyathi xa zingena kwifama naxa ziphuma kuyo kungajongwana nazo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye izinto ezingahambi njengesiqhelo ziyakuqwalaseleka ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
isatifiketi esigunyazisiweyo sokurhangqeleka okufanelekileyo esikhutshwe ngoogunyaziwe bolondolozo lwendalo ikopi yemephu ebonisa nqo ukunaba nobungakanani bomhlaba ocelwayo.
Hambisa isicelo kuManejala oMkhulu weMpilo yeZilwanyana, iFeksi: 329-0499.
Ixesha elithatyathwayo ukuze kuvunywe isicelo lahluka ngokwephondo. Sakuba sivunyiwe isicelo, sithunyelwa kwiSebe leLizwe leZolimo.
Amagosa kwisebe lelizwe akhupha inombolo yobhaliso egunyazisiweyo, afake inkcazelo kwincwadi yelizwe ebhalise iinyathi aze aprintele umnini-mhlaba isatifiketi sobhaliso. Le nkqubo ingathabatha iintsuku zokusebenza ezilishumi.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registertovote.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze ufaneleke okanye ulungele ukuba uvote kunyulo lukazwelonke, olwephondo okanye unyulo lukamasipala, kufuneka ubhalisele ukuvota kweso sithili uhlala kuso. Oku kubalulekile ingakumbi kunyulo loomasipala ngenxa yokuba unokuvota kuphela kwisithili owawubhalise kuso. Wakuba ubhalisile zaze iinkcukacha zakho zangqinisiswa kwiRejista yabemi belizwe, igama lakho liya kufakwa kuMqulu woluhlu lwabaVoti oyi-National Common Voter's Roll.
UMqulu woluhlu lwabaVoti uyavalwa ukulungiselela unyulo kanye ngalo mhla wonyulo kolo nyulo luthe ngqo luthe lwabhengezwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente.
Bhalisa ngokwakho buqu kwisikhululo sokuvota kwisithili sokuvota apho uhlala khona ngexesha lokubhalisela ukuvota.
Phatha isazisi sakho.
Zalisa ifom yokwenza isicelo efanelekileyo.
Igosa lobhaliso liya kufaka istikha kwincwadi yesazisi yakho enenombolo yesithili sokuvota kuyo.
Isicelo sakho sokubhalisa siya kusingathwa ngokukhawuleza.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registerwateruse.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Bonke abasebenzisi bamanzi, abangafumani unkinkisho lwabo lwamanzi kumniki-nkonzo, kugunyaziwe wendawo yabahlali, kwibhodi yamanzi, kwibhodi yonkcenkceshelo, kuyilo lwenkqubo karhulumente okanye komnye umnkinkishi wesixa samanzi, kufuneka babhalise ukusebenzisa kwabo amanzi kwiSebe lezaManzi naMahlathi ekuthiwa yi-Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
ukuchithwa kwenkunkuma okanye amanzi anenkunkuma ukutshintshwa kweendlela ekuhamba ngazo imilambo nemisinga okanye uguqulelo kwizandlalelo zemilambo okanye iindonga zemilambo okanye iimpawu zecala amanzi aya ngakulo.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi - Nawuphi na umntu okanye iqumrhu eligcina amanzi ngazo naziphi na iinjongo ekubalekeni phantsi emhlabeni, amanzi aphantsi emhlabeni, okanye ukuqukuqela kwemithombo egqitha ngaphaya kwe 10 000 cubic meters okanye apho ummandla wamanzi kwinqanaba lonkinkisho olupheleleyo udlula i-akire e 1 iphelele, kumhlaba onobunikazi baloo mntu okanye ohlalwa nguloo mntu okanye liqumrhu elingenapemethe okanye imvume.
Imisebenzi yokunciphisa ukuqukuqela kwemisinga - Yonke imisebenzi yolwakhiwo lwamahlathi ngeenjongo zorhwebo, kubandakanywa iinkonzo zamahlathi adityanelweyo ngeenjongo zenzuzo yorhwebo, ezaqhubeka phambi kuka 1972, kufuneka zibhaliswe. Abanikazi bamahlathi abaneepemethe ezakhutshwa phantsi komThetho waMahlathi ekuthiwa yi-Forestry Act, 1998 , akukho mfuneko yokuba babhalise, njengoko siya kubathumela imiqulu yokubhalisa egcwalisiweyo, ukuze bayilungise ukuba kuyimfuneko, bayisayine baze bayibuyisele kwisebe.
Usetyenziso ngoogunyaziwe beendawo zabahlali kunye nabanye abankinkishi besixa abanemithombo yabo yamanzi kunye nemisebenzi yokungcwenga nokucoca.
IMisebenzi eLawulwayo, efana nokunkcenkceshela ngenkunkuma, ukuvelisa amandla ombane ngamanzi, ukulungelelaniswa komoya ojikeleze umhlaba okanye ukumpompa amandla kumatye afunxa nakhupha amanzi.
Khangela usetyenziso lwamanzi oluchanekileyo.
Zalisa iifom ezibandakanyekayo ngokuncediswa ligosa lengingqi.
iinkcukacha zomenzi-sicelo ipropati apho kuqhubeka khona usetyenziso lwamanzi iinkcukacha zomnikazi wepropati isibhengezo somenzi-sicelo isibhengezo somnikazi wepropati inkcazelo yesaziso sokuhlawula ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadi yesazisi ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yomqulu wesigqibo sasemthethweni sepropati ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yesivumelwano sengqeshiso ukuhambisana nazo zonke iimfuneko zeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo ekwenziwa isicelo sazo.
Inkqubo yobhaliso iya kuthabatha inyanga e- 1.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registrationasaprofessionalnaturalscientist.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abangabhaliswanga abanako ukwenza umsebenzi ochongelwe abantu ababhalisiweyo..
Kutheni kufanele ubhalise?
Kufanele ukwazi ukunika ubungqina boqeqesho kwiNzululwazi esetyenziswa kuPhando loBugebenga okanye kuPhando olusebenzisa iNzululwazi yoBugebenga, umzekelo, ukuphonononga imiqulu, uphando lomlilo, uphando lokuqaphela ukuphawulwa kwezinto, uphando lokutshutshisa, imigaqo yomthetho neyenkundla, ingqina lobungcaphephe, okanye ezinye iikhosi ezimfutshane ezinikwe uqinisekiso lokuvunywa.
Kufuneka ubenengxelo ecacileyo nesulungekileyo yomsebenzi nophando olwayamene nenzululwazi esetyenziswa kuphando lobugebenga.
Inkxaso yobuchule kuphando lweengozi zezithuthi zendlela, ukwakha umfanekiso wezinto ezenzekileyo ezikhokelele kungquzulwano lwezithuthi, ukuphonononga nzulu nangokubanzi izakhi zezithuthi, ulwazi oluthile lobuchwepheshe bezinto ezizenzekela ngomatshini.
Faka kwisicelo sakho intlawulo eqingqiweyo yobhaliso.
IBhunga liyakukubhalisa kwaye likhuphe isatifiketi sobhaliso ukubangaba lanelisekile ukuba unazo iimfuneko ezibandakanyekayo zemfundo namava njengoko kuqulungqwe liBhunga.
Isiphumo sovavanyo asiyikwaziswa kude kubesemva kwentlanganiso yeBhunga.
Ukubangaba, emva kokuqalisa koMgaqo-siseko weRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, 1996, umenzi-sicelo ufunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho, ngaphakathi kwiRiphabhlikhi okanye kwenye indawo, waze wagwetyelwa ukuvalelwa entolongweni isithuba esidlula iinyanga ezintathu, okanye ifayini endaweni yokuvalelwa entolongweni.
Ukubangaba umenzi-sicelo ususwe esikhundleni sokuthembeka, ngenxa yokuziphatha okungafanelekanga.
Ukubangaba umenzi-sicelo ungumntu ongakwaziyo ukuhlawula amatyala nongabuyiselwanga kwimeko yesiqhelo, kwaye oko kungakwazi ukuhlawula amatyala kwabangelwa kukungakhathali kwakhe okanye ukungabinalwazi nezakhono zokwenza umsebenzi owela kwimiba echatshazelwa licandelo enzela lona isicelo sobhaliso.
Ungafaka isibheno esiphikisa isigqibo seBhunga, kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 30.
Kufuneka wenze isicelo sokuvuselela ubhaliso lwakho kwiBhunga, okungenani kwiinyanga ezintathu phambi kokuphelelwa kobhaliso lwakho.
Ubhaliso lungathabatha iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo, kuxhomekeke ekungenisweni kwemiqulu efunekayo.
Kwiinkonzo zebhanki zobuxhakaxhaka bombane kunye needipozithi nqo: Nceda usebenzise oonobumba bokuqala bamagama akho kunye nefani yakho ukuze uchaze intlawulo yakho kwisitetimenti sethu sebhanki, uze uthumele ubungqina bentlawulo ngefeksi, buhambe kunye nephepha LOKUQALA lefom yakho yesicelo, kwinombolo ethi: 841 1057.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registrationasasubscribertodeedsweb.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iikopi zobuxhakaxhaka bombane zezigqibo zasemthethweni kunye nemiqulu ekhutshwe ngokweefoto ezincinane.
Ukuze ufumane ezi zibakala, kufuneka ubhaliswe njengomsebenzisi-rhoqo we-DeedsWeb, njengoko kuhlawuliswa imali ebekiweyo.
Uyakunikwa igama lomsebenzisi. Eli gama iyakuba yinombolo yakho ye-akhawunti yazo zonke iinjongo zezemali. Kwakhona, uyakunikwa igama eliyimfihlo lokungena ekufuneka emva koko ulitshintshe kwamsinyane kangangoko unako.
Hlawula imali yokubhalisa. Imiyalelo yebhanki kunye neenkcukacha ziyabonakala kwi-website.
Wakube udipozithe intlawulo yobhaliso kwi-akhawunti yebhanki yoMphathi oMkhulu woBhaliso lweZigqibo zaseMthethweni , tsalela umnxeba kwi-Ofisi yoMphathi oMkhulu woBhaliso ukuze umazise ukuba uhlawule. Inombolo yonxulumano iyanikwa kwi-website.
Wakube ubhalisiwe, inkcazelo ifumaneka kwangoko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registrationasenvironmentalservices.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iintlobo-ntlobo ezininzi zeekhwalifikheyshini ezahlukeneyo kwicandelo lenzululwazi yezokusingqongileyo ezinikwa ziiyunivesiti ngokungakumbi, zenza ukuba ngamanye amaxesha phantse kungakwazeki ukuvavanya ikhwalifikheyshini eyodwa kule nzululwazi ineendidi ezininzi zamacandelo ezifundo. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuqala uqonde ukuba ingaba umntu angavumeleka na abengusosayensi kwelinye lamacandelo okusebenza aludidi oluphangaleleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuyakufuneka ukuba umntu aqeqeshelwe ukuba ngusomachiza , abengusosayensi wezobume nokwakhiwa komhlaba , abengusosayensi wezityalo okanye naliphina kumanye amacandelo ezendalo kwaye afezekise zonke iimfuneko zeekhwalifikheyshini phambi kokuba afaneleke abhaliswe kwicandelo leNzululwazi yezokuSingqongileyo . Oku akuthethi ukubhalisa kabini.
Okungenani i 50 % yezi zifundo kule nkqubo kufuneka ihlelwe njengezifundo zenzululwazi yendalo.
Ukwengeza kwezi mfuneko zingentla, umntu onqwenela ukubhaliswa kwicandelo leNzululwazi yezokuSingqongileyo kufanele abenako ukunika ubungqina boqeqesho kuLawulo lwezokuSingqongileyo . Ezi zifundo zingabayinxenye yenkqubo yesidanga seminyaka emine okanye zingenziwa ngokweekhosi ezimfutshane ezinikwe uqinisekiso lokuvunywa. Kufanele ubenengxelo ecacileyo nesulungekileyo yomsebenzi nophando olwayamene nenzululwazi yezokusingqongileyo. Kwakhona, usengenza imiba ebanzi echatshazelwa zizinto ezenziwa ziingcali zezokusingqongileyo.
Ukubangaba, emva kokuqalisa koMgaqo-siseko weRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, 1996 , umenzi-sicelo ufunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho, ngaphakathi kwiRiphabhlikhi okanye kwenye indawo, waze wagwetyelwa ukuvalelwa entolongweni isithuba esidlula iinyanga ezintathu, okanye ifayini endaweni yokuvalelwa entolongweni.
Ukubangaba umenzi-sicelo ususwe esikhundleni sokuthembeka, ngenxa yokuziphatha okungafanelekanga.
Ukubangaba umenzi-sicelo ungumntu ongakwaziyo ukuhlawula amatyala nongabuyiselwanga kwimeko yesiqhelo, kwaye oko kungakwazi ukuhlawula amatyala kwabangelwa kukungakhathali kwakhe okanye ukungabinalwazi nezakhono zokwenza umsebenzi owela kwimiba echatshazelwa licandelo enzela lona isicelo sobhaliso.
IBhunga liyakukwazisa ngencwadi ebhaliweyo ukubangaba isicelo sakho sobhaliso saliwe.
Ungafaka isibheno esiphikisa isigqibo seBhunga, kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 30.
Kufuneka wenze isicelo sokuvuselela ubhaliso lwakho kwiBhunga, okungenani kwiinyanga ezintathu phambi kokuphelelwa kobhaliso lwakho.
Faka kwisicelo sakho intlawulo eqingqiweyo yobhaliso.
IBhunga liyakukubhalisa kwaye likhuphe isatifiketi ukubangaba lanelisekile ukuba unazo iimfuneko ezibandakanyekayo zemfundo namava njengoko kuqulungqwe liBhunga.
Ubhaliso lungathabatha iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo, kuxhomekeke ekungenisweni kwemiqulu efunekayo.
Kwiinkonzo zebhanki zobuxhakaxhaka bombane kunye needipozithi nqo: Nceda usebenzise oonobumba bokuqala bamagama akho kunye nefani yakho ukuze uchaze intlawulo yakho kwisitetimenti sethu sebhanki, uze uthumele ubungqina bentlawulo ngefeksi, buhambe kunye nephepha lokuqala lefom yakho yesicelo, kwinombolo ethi: 841 1057.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registrationofagriculturalremedy.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Inkampani ya phesheya ayifanelanga ukwenza isicelo sokungenisa elizweni apha eMzantsi Afrika. Isicelo sokubhalisa amayeza ezolimo singenziwa kuphela yinkampani yasekhaya ebhalisiweyo, ummi waseMzantsi Afrika okanye umbutho osemthethweni obhalisiweyo apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Umbhalisi: Act 36 of 1947 kufuneka aziswe ngokubhaliweyo malunga neenjongo zokuqhuba iimvavanyo ezifunwayo malunga nobhaliso lwamayeza ezolimo ukwenzela akwazi ukuhlola ukusebenza kwawo ngempumelelo.
Umbhalisi angafuna ulwazi olongezelelweyo ukuze amisele ukuba ingaba iyeza liyamkeleka malunga nokuba luncedo eluntwini, ukufaneleka nokusebenza ngempumelelo ngokwebhayoloji.
Khupha ifomu yesicelo kwi-inthanethi uze uyizalise ngokupheleleyo. Apho kukho imfuneko, ulwazi olufunwayo lungathunyelwa njengeziqhoboshelo ezahlukeneyo ezinikwe iinombolo.
Iinkqubo I ne-II zisetyenziswa njengeenkqubo zokuhlola nesalathiso sokuqinisekisa ukuba umenzi wesicelo unikele ngedata yonke efanelekileyo.
izibuko lokungena umlinganiso weyeza iprothokholi yovavanyo iziko lovavanyo imixube esebenzayo naluphi na olunye ulwazi olunokufunwa nguMbhalisi ubungakanani obuya kuba kokungeniswa elizweni.
Izicelo ezingazaliswanga ngokupheleleyo ziya kuphindiswa kumenzi wesicelo yaye akukho xanduva luya kwamkelwa malunga nakuphi na ukuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka.
Uphengululo lomxube omtsha osebenzayo lungathatha ukuya kutsho kunyaka omnye. Izicelo zeentsebenziso ezintsha okanye ukwakheka zikholisa ukuhlelwa kwithuba leenyanga ezintandathu.
Minyaka le iofisi yoMbhalisi ithumela iileta malunga nohlaziyo neefomu zesicelo kubo bonke abanobhaliso.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registrationofapatent.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ilungelo lokuvelisa nokuqamba ekuthiwa yi-patent lilungelo elikhethekileyo elinikwayo ngenxa yokuvelisa nokuqamba into ethile. Olo veliso noqambo kufuneka lubeyimveliso okanye inkqubo ezisa indlela entsha yokwenza izinto, okanye enika isisombululo esitsha sobuchule kwingxaki ethile.
Nxulumana noMphathi woBhaliso lwaMalungelo okuVelisa nokuQamba kwiSebe lezoRhwebo naMashishini kwaye ukhangele ukuba akukho lungelo lokuvelisa nokuqamba esele likhona na.
Fumana iifom eziyimfuneko zesicelo kwi-ofisi yoMphathi woBhaliso lwaMalungelo okuVelisa nokuQamba.
Hambisa ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadi yakho yesazisi.
Faka isicelo sokubambisa kwifom efanelekileyo- oku kungenziwa ngumenzi-sicelo encediswa ligqwetha okanye engancediswa ligqwetha.
Faka isicelo esipheleleyo - oku kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuncediswa ligqwetha lamalungelo okuvelisa nokuqamba.
Ilungelo lokubambisa lokuvelisa nokuqamba lithabatha iinyanga ezimbini ukuze libhaliswe.
Isicelo esipheleleyo sithabatha malunga neenyanga ezintandathu ukuze sigqitywe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registrationofvat.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Unoxanduva nemfaneleko yokuba ubhalisele iRhafu yokuThengisa nokunika iiNkonzo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-VAT, ukubangaba imali ekungenelayo ngenxa yentengiso yezinto okanye iintlawulo ozifumene kwiinkonzo ozinikileyo, ingaphezulu kwe R300 000 ngonyaka, okanye ngokwengqiqo, ilindeleke ukuba ibengaphezulu kule mali.
Kwimeko yeshishini lelizwe langaphandle, iinkcukacha zommeli otyunjiweyo eMzantsi Afrika.
Ikopi yesatifiketi sobhaliso esibandakanyekayo esiphuma kuMphathi woBhaliso lweeNkampani okanye lwaMashishini aNgavulelekanga.
Isicwangciso seshishini, uphando lokukhangela ukuba ishishini linganako na ukuqhubeka, izivumelwano ezisayiniweyo zeekhontrakthi, isivumelwano sokugunyazisa ishishini okanye uthelekelelo lwendlela eliyakuqhuba ngayo ishishini, okanye obunye ubungqina obubonisa ukuba ixabiso lezinto ezirhafelwayo lingahle lidlule iR300 000. Oku akuyomfuneko ukubangaba sowuyidlulile iR300 000. Kwimeko yobhaliso lokuzithandela kufuneka kukhutshwe ubungqina bokuba iintengiso ezenziweyo nqo ziyidlulile iR20 000.
Ilayisensi yokuRhweba, ukubangaba iyabandakanyeka kwelo shishini, umzekelo, ilayisensi yokushishina ngotywala okanye ilayisensi yokuloba.
Sakuba senziwe isicelo sobhaliso, i-ofisi yoKwamkela iNgeniso-mali iyakukwazisa ngenombolo yakho yobhaliso. Kwakhona, uyakufumana isatifiketi sokubhalisela i-VAT.
Linda nje okungenani iintsuku zokusebenza ezili 10 ukuze i-ofisi yebhrentshi ekwindawo ohlala kuyo iqhubekise iincwadi zakho. Isatifiketi siyakuposelwa kwi-adresi yokuposa enikwe kwisicelo sakho sokubhalisa kwaye kufanele sifunyanwe kwisithuba seeveki ezi 2 emva kokuba siqhubekisiwe isicelo sakho.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Registrationofveterinaryexportfacilities.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Izilwanyana okanye iimveliso zezilwanyana zingathunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kuphela xa ziphuma kwiindawo ezihambisana nemigangatho yehlabathi okanye nemithetho yelizwe eziyakungena kulo. Ezi ndawo ingaba ziindawo ezivunyiweyo zokuxhelela, iziko lokumithisa izilwanyana ngomatshini, iziko lokuqokelela, ifektri yokwenza iimveliso zokutya, iindawo zokugcina ukutya, njalo-njalo.
Nxulumana noGqirha weZilwanyana woMbuso kwiPhondo ukuze wenze isicelo sokuhlolelwa ubhaliso lokuthumela kumazwe angaphandle.
UGqirha weZilwanyana woMbuso kwiphondo uyalihlola iziko.
Ingxelo yokuhlolwa kweziko ithunyelwa kwiSebe leZolimo ukuze ivunywe ngemiba yophakamiso lwe-PSV kunye neziphakamiso zokugqibela.
Ukubangaba iziko livunyiwe, liyabhaliswa kuze ke kukhutshwe isatifiketi sokubhalisa ukuthumela kumazwe angaphandle.
Ixesha elithatyathwayo ukuze kugqitywe ubhaliso lwahluka ngokwamaphondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Rehabilitationbyinsolvent.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umntu otshonileyo ngumntu ongakwaziyo ukuhlawula amatyala, kwaye onelifa , elithinjiweyo . Ukubangaba utshate umtshato ekwabelwanayo kuwo ngempahla nezinto kunye neemali , aze umlingane wakho atshone, uMthetho wokuNgakwazi ukuHlawula aMatyala, ekuthiwa yi-Insolvency Act, 1936, ukuthatha ngokuba nawe utshonile.
Ukubangaba umntu otshonileyo ufuna ukuba ayekwe ukuthathwa ngokuba utshonile, kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi ebhengezwe ukuba utshonile, angenza isicelo sokuba imeko yakhe ibuyiselwe esiqhelweni.
Ngubani ongenza isicelo sokubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo?
otshonileyo ngokwakhe i-eyijenti yomntu otshonileyo egunyaziswe ukuba yenze njalo, ukubangaba umntu otshonileyo akahlali eMzantsi Afrika umhlolokazi okanye umhlolo walo mntu utshonileyo, ukubangaba babetshate umtshato ekwabelwanayo kuwo ngempahla nezinto kunye neemali owayesakuba ngumlingane womntu otshonileyo, ukubangaba babetshate umtshato ekwabelwana kuwo ngempahla nezinto kunye neemali ababi belifa lomfi obhubhe etshonile.
Umntu otshonileyo angasenza nini isicelo sokubuyiselwa kwemeko yakhe esiqhelweni, emva kokuba ethinjelwe izinto anazo?
kwangoko zakube izibango zababolekisi kunye neendleko zokuthinjwa kwelifa zihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo okanye ukubangaba umntu otshonileyo wenze isithembiso sokuhlawula isixa esithile endaweni yetyala, esamkelwayo ziikota ezintathu zababolekisi bakhe ngokwenani nangokuxabiseka, kwaye umntu otshonileyo uhlawule okanye unike isetyhorithi.
xa umntu otshonileyo eke wafunyaniswa enetyala lezenzo ezithile zokwaphula umthetho.
emva kokuba iminyaka elishumi iphelile, umntu otshonileyo uyakuthathwa ngokuba imeko yakhe ibuyele esiqhelweni - ngaphandle kokuba inkundla ethile iyalela ngenye indlela, kwakube kwenziwe isicelo ngumtu onomnqweno. Esi sicelo kufuneka senziwe kwisithuba sale minyaka ilishumi.
Awunako ukwenza isicelo sokubuyiselwa kwemeko esiqhelweni ngokwakho, uyakudinga uncedo lwasemthethweni.
Nxulumana negqwetha okanye i-ofisi yoMphathi oyiNqununu ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi kunye noncedo.
Xoxa negqwetha lakho malunga nexesha eliyakuthatyathwa sisicelo sakho.
Xoxa negqwetha lakho malunga neendleko.
Nxulumana negqwetha lakho okanye iSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Rehabilitationfordisabled.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni zinikwa abantu abakhubazekileyo, ukwenzela ukubanceda bafikelele kwaye bagcine amanqanaba abo okwenza izinto.
Iinkonzo ezisisiseko zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni ziinkonzo zokunqanda ezakha ukuxhomekeka kweklayenti kwisiqu sayo kunye nokwakha amandla eklayenti. Oku kubandakanya udliwano-ndlebe lokucebisa ngonyango, iinkonzo ezisekelwe ekhaya, amaqela enkxaso kunye nokuzizisela uncedo ngokwakho, kunye neenkqubo zokwazisa nokugaya inkxaso.
Iinkonzo zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni ezikwinqanaba lesibini ziinkonzo zongenelelo lwangethuba ezibandakanya iindibano zokufundisana ezikhuselayo, iinkonzo zonakekelo lwasemini kunye nemvuselelo, iiprojekthi zokungenisa imali nokuthobalalisa ubuhlwempu, uphuhliso lobuntwana obuselula, kunye neenkonzo zokuphumla nokunika isiqabu.
Iinkonzo zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni ezizezobuchule nezifundisayo ziinkonzo ezifana nokucebisa ngokwamava kunye nokuqeqesha okuqhelanisayo, ukunika amandla, uphuhliso lwemigaqo neenkqubo, kunye nophando.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi yiya kwiSebe loPhuhliso lweNtlalo.
Tyelela iziko lonakekelo lwempilo esisiseko okanye eklinikhi ukuze uphononongwe kwaye uyakuthunyelwa kwiinkonzo zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni, esibhedlele okanye kwingcaphephe elichule kwinqanaba lesibini okanye lesithathu.
Isicelo singathabatha iinyanga ezi 3 ukuze siqhubekiswe. Kwiimeko ezithile abantu babekwa kuluhlu lwamagama alindileyo iinyanga ezi 6.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Rehabilitationofdisabledpersons.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni zinikwa abantu abakhubazekileyo, ukwenzela ukubanceda bafikelele kwaye bagcine amanqanaba abo okwenza izinto.
Iinkonzo ezisisiseko zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni ziinkonzo zokunqanda ezakha ukuxhomekeka kweklayenti kwisiqu sayo kunye nokwakha amandla eklayenti. Oku kubandakanya udliwano-ndlebe lokucebisa ngonyango, iinkonzo ezisekelwe ekhaya, amaqela enkxaso kunye nokuzizisela uncedo ngokwakho, kunye neenkqubo zokwazisa nokugaya inkxaso.
Iinkonzo zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni ezikwinqanaba lesibini ziinkonzo zongenelelo lwangethuba ezibandakanya iindibano zokufundisana ezikhuselayo, iinkonzo zonakekelo lwasemini kunye nemvuselelo, iiprojekthi zokungenisa imali nokuthobalalisa ubuhlwempu, uphuhliso lobuntwana obuselula, kunye neenkonzo zokuphumla nokunika isiqabu.
Iinkonzo zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni ezizezobuchule nezifundisayo ziinkonzo ezifana nokucebisa ngokwamava kunye nokuqeqesha okuqhelanisayo, ukunika amandla, uphuhliso lwemigaqo neenkqubo, kunye nophando.
Tyelela iziko lonakekelo lwempilo esisiseko okanye eklinikhi ukuze uphononongwe kwaye uyakuthunyelwa kwiinkonzo zokubuyisela imeko esiqhelweni, esibhedlele okanye kwingcaphephe elichule kwinqanaba lesibini okanye lesithathu.
Isicelo singathabatha iinyanga ezi 3 ukuze siqhubekiswe. Kwiimeko ezithile abantu babekwa kuluhlu lwamagama alindileyo iinyanga ezi 6.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Relativespermit.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ipemethe yesizalwane ikhutshelwa umntu welizwe langaphandle oyifemeli esondele nqo yommi okanye yomhlali waseMzantsi Afrika. Loo mmi okanye loo mhlali kufuneka anike uqinisekiso lwemali ebekiweyo. Ipemethe yesizalwane isebenziseka ixesha elingagqithiyo kwiminyaka emibini.
Veza ubungqina bokuba yifemeli esondele nqo yalo mmi okanye lo mhlali uza kuye.
Veza isiqinisekiso esiphuma kumgcini nomhloli wee-akhawunti zemali olilungu lequmrhu labagcini nabahloli bee-akhawunti zemali, okanye ubungqina bemiqulu ehambelanayo engqina iindlela zenkxaso yalo mntu kuyiwa kuye okanye iindlela zokubanako zalo mntu kuyiwa kuye zidibene nezakho. Le nkxaso akufanelanga ibengaphantsi kwe R5 000 ngenyanga kumntu ngamnye ngalo lonke eli xesha lotyelelo.
isatifiketi sokuzalwa esingafinyezwanga sokungqina ubuzali, apho kubandakanyeka khona isatifiketi somtshato ubungqina bobudlelwane bobulingane ukubangaba utshatile, nahlukene, niqhawule umtshato okanye ubhujelwe.
Isatifiketi esiphuma emapoliseni esiqinisekisa ubume obumsulwa, ukubangaba uneminyaka yobudala engama 21 okanye nangaphezulu, ngokuphathelelene nawo onke amazwe oke wahlala kuwo unyaka omnye okanye nangaphezulu, ekufuneka sikhutshwe kwisithuba seenyanga ezili 12 ukubangaba asifumaneki kwangoko.
Iingxelo zonyango neze-eksreyi ngokuphathelelene nomenzi-sicelo ngamnye. Yona ingxelo ye-eksreyi ayiyikufunwa kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli 12 ubudala, nakwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
Le nkonzo ithabatha ixesha elingagqithiyo kwiintsuku ezingama 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Renewaloflicence.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ikhadi lakho lephepha-mvume lokuqhuba lisemthethweni kanga ngeminyaka emihlanu ukusesela ngosuku eyakhutshwa ngalo, kufuneka ihlaziywe emva kweli xesha. Nangona usuku lokuphelelwa lephepha-mvume libhaliwe kwalapha kulo iasziso sokuphelelwa kwalo siza kuthunyelwa ngeposi.
Ungalihlaziya iphepha-mvume lakho nokuba kunini ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe lixesha. Iphepha-mvume elitsha lizakuba semthethweni iminyaka emihlanu ukususela ngosuku lohlaziyo.
Ungahlaziya iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba nakuyiphi na indawo yovavanyo apha eMzantsi Afrika, kodwa kuyakufuneka ulilande ikhadi kwakulondawo yovavanyo olihlaziye kuyo.
incwadi yesazisi , Incwadi yethutyana yesazisi, ikhadi elidala lephepha-mvume lokuqhuba okanye incwadi yoku ndwendwela esemthethweni yase Mzantsi Afrika ifoto zesazisi ezimbini ezimnyama namhlophe indleko zesicelo.
Iphepha-mvume elitsha lizakuba selilungile emva kweveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. ReneworCancelRegistrationofFertilizers.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke izichumisi ezingeniswa kweli ziphuma kwamanye amazwe, ezenziwa, eziveliswa okanye ezithengiswa eMzantsi Afrika kufuneka zibhaliswe kuMphathi woBhaliso loMthetho 36 ka 1947.
izinto eziqulathwe sisichumisi esibandakanyekayo azohlukanga kweziya sele zibhalisiwe iinkcukacha kunye namagama asetyenzisiweyo avunyiweyo wemibhalo yokuphawula okuqulathiweyo okanye inkonkxa akayi kutshintshwa ngaphandle kokuba kuqale kufunyanwe imvume ebhaliweyo esuka kuMphathi woBhaliso imiqathango ebekwe ngexesha lobhaliso iyalandelwa ubhaliso aluyi kugqithiselwa ubungakanani beebhegi neenkonkxa abunakuguqulwa ngaphandle kokuba kuqale kufunyanwe imvume ebhaliweyo esuka kuMphathi woBhaliso.
Qho ngonyaka, i-ofisi yoMphathi woBhaliso ikhupha iincwadi zokuvuselela ezihamba neefom ezibandakanyekayo eziya kubantu ababhalisiweyo.
Uvuselelo lwenziwa kwakufunyanwa intlawulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Renewregistrationofagriculturalremedy.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Minyaka le iofisi yoMbhalisi ithumela iileta malunga nohlaziyo neefomu zesicelo kubo bonke abanobhaliso.
zalisa iFomu C ukuhlaziya irekhodi yombhalisi yeenkcukacha zonxibelelwano, umzkl, idilesi, inombolo yefowuni, nomntu woqhagamshelwano.
Uhlaziyo lwenziwa xa kufunyenwe intlawulo.
Minyaka le iofisi yoMbhalisi ithumela iileta malunga nohlaziyo neefomu zesicelo kubo bonke abanobhaliso.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Renewregistrationoffarmfeedorpetfood.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Konke ukutya kwemfuyo yasefama okungeniswa kweli kuphuma kwamanye amazwe, okwenziwa, okuveliswa okanye okuthengiswa eMzantsi Afrika kufuneka kubhaliswe kuMphathi woBhaliso loMthetho 36 ka 1947.
izinto eziqulathwe koku kutya kwemfuyo yasefama kubandakanyekayo azohlukanga kweziya sele zibhalisiwe iinkcukacha kunye namagama asetyenzisiweyo avunyiweyo wemibhalo yokuphawula okuqulathiweyo okanye inkonkxa akayi kutshintshwa ngaphandle kokuba kuqale kufunyanwe imvume ebhaliweyo esuka kuMphathi woBhaliso imiqathango ebekwe ngexesha lobhaliso iyalandelwa ubhaliso olubandakanyekayo aluyi kugqithiselwa ubungakanani beebhegi neenkonkxa abunakuguqulwa ngaphandle kokuba kuqale kufunyanwe imvume ebhaliweyo esuka kuMphathi woBhaliso.
Qho ngonyaka, i-ofisi yoMphathi woBhaliso ikhupha iincwadi ezihamba neefom zezicelo eziya kubantu ababhalisiweyo, ezimalunga nokuvuselelwa.
Uvuselelo lwenziwa kwakufunyanwa intlawulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Repayingsocialgrants.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ilungiselelwe bani le nkonzo?
Ukubangaba umntu akekho eMzantsi Afrika ixesha elingophukanga elidlula iinyanga ezintandathu.
Isebe liyakuyiyeka imali elityala ukubangaba lanelisekile ukuba ubungazi ukuba awufanelekanga uyifumane loo mali.
UMqondisi-Jikelele weSebe, ngokubona kwakhe, angayitsala le mali ngokufaka loo mntu emthethweni.
UMqondisi-Jikelele weSebe anganika imvume yokuba intlawulo iqhubeke ixesha elithile phantsi kwemiqathango ngokubonisa kwalo mntu malunga nokufuna ukubuyisela igranti. Isicelo kufuneka senziwe kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama 90 emva kokunqunyanyiswa kwegranti yentlalo.
Ukubangaba umntu ufuna ukuqwalasela ngokutsha igranti ephelelweyo, kufuneka ayichaze nayiphina ingeniso-mali ayifumanayo ngexesha lokwenza isicelo ngokutsha. Isebe liyakwenza isigqibo ngokusekelwe kule nkcazelo malunga nokuba liyiqwalasele ngokutsha na igranti okanye hayi. Umenzi-sicelo uyakwaziswa ngesiphumo sesicelo kwiinyanga ezi 3 ezingaphambili kumhla wokuqwalaselwa ngokutsha okanye kumhla wokwenziwa kwesatifiketi.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Reportabuseofelderly.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkozo ichaza ngenyathelo ongalithabatha ukuthontela okanye ukuphelisa impatho-mbi kubantu abadala. Kunendlela ezininzi abantu abadala abaphathwa kakubi ngazo.
Impatho-mbi emzimbeni: Sonke isenzo esilimazayo emzimbeni okanye sibulale umntu omdala, umzekelo, ukubetha ngempama, ukutshova, ukuphatha ngqwabalala, ukusika, ukusetyenziswa ngokungemthetho kwamachiza okanye ukuthintela ukuhamba ngokukhululekile, ukunika amayeza ngokungafanelekanga naso nasiphi na isenzo esingonwabisiyo nesidala ukuphatheka kakubi noba esoyikisayo okanye ukufa.
Impatho-mbi ngesondo: Isenzo esibangela impatho-mbi kumntu omdala esenzelwa ukuzanelisa ngesondo, bengenalwazi okanye bengaqondi noba bengavumelananga nesenzo eso.
Impatho-mbi ngokwase ngqondweni, ngokwasemphefumlweni nangamazwi: Uhlobo lwesenzo esithula isidima okanye esingonwabisiyo kubantu abadala, esiphazamisayo ngokwasengqondweni noba emoyeni. Imizekelo:ukunganakwa, ukhlaliswa wedwa okanye ingcinezelo. Ukunganikwa thuba lokuthanda noba ukuthandwa, ukuthukwa nokutyholwa.
Ukunganakwa: Ukuvinjwa okanye ukungafumani inkathalo eyimfuneko ekuncedeni ukusebenza kakuhle komzimba nengqondo. Izinto ezifana nokutya, ulwamkeleko, indawo yokuhlala impahla, amayeza inkuthazo emoyeni, ukungazihoyi, nokuzidelela.
Ngubani onga xela impatho-mbi?
Noba ngubani obone ukunganakekelwa kwabantu abadala, ukusetyenziswa nokungemthetho, ukuphathwa kabuhlungu. Okanye unezizathu zokusola impatho mbi iyenzeka okanye yakha yenzeka.
Zingekapheli iiyure ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo ixeliwe impatho-mbi, unontlalontle uzakwenza uphando abhale ingxelo.
Ukuba impatho-mbi ibandakanya ikhaya labadala, imibutho engekho phantsi korhulumente okanye umbutho osekwe ekuhlaleni, unontlalontle kumele abhekane nale meko.
Ezi nkonzo azibhatalelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Reportingacrime.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo inikwa nabanina olixhoba lobugebenga.
Xa umntu ethe walixhoba lobugebenga, anganxulumana namapolisa ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo ethi 10111 okanye angaya kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufuphi kuye ukuze axele ngobu bugebenga.
Ummangali kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba uyayigcina le nombolo ye-CAS ukuze abhekise kuyo xa kwixesha elizayo ebuzisa malunga neli tyala lobugebenga.
Ukubangaba ummangali utyelela isikhululo samapolisa endawo ahlala kuyo ukuze axele ngobugebenga, uyakwamkelwa kwiZiko leNkonzo yaBahlali ligosa lamapolisa.
Idokethi eligqityiweyo linikwa umcuphi wamapolisa oyakuqhuba uphando. Yonke imibuzo ingabhekiswa kulo mcuphi.
Umcuphi uyakwazisa ummangali ukuba aye ninina enkundleni.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Reportingestateofdeceased.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Impahla, izinto kunye neemali zomntu ongasekhoyo zivela ekubhubheni komntu kwaye eshiya impahla, izinto kunye neemali kunye nomqulu okanye umqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo eli lifa okanye oneenjongo zokuba ngumqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo ilifa. Eli lifa ke kufuneka lilawulwe kwaye labiwe ngokuhambisana nomqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalelayo womfi, okanye, ukubangaba umfi akashiyanga myolelo oyalelayo, kufuneka labiwe kwaye lilawulwe ngokuhambisana nemimiselo yomthetho. Umthetho wokuLawulwa kwaMafa, ekuthiwa yi-Administration of Estates Act, 1965, uqingqa umgaqo omawulandelwe xa kulawulwa ilifa longasekhoyo.
Ilifa lomntu ongasekhoyo kufuneka lixelwe kwi-ofisi yoMphathi oyiNqununu kwisithuba seentsuku ezili 14 zomhla wokubhubha. Ukubhubha kungaxelwa nguye nawuphina umntu onolawulo okanye ophethe nayiphina impahla eyinxenye yelifa longasekhoyo, okanye onolawulo okanye ophethe umqulu obhalwe ngumfi, ongumqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo ilifa okanye obonakala ngathi ungumqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo ilifa.
Kufuneka kuxelwe nini ukubhubha, kuMphathi oyiNqununu?
Ukubangaba umfi ubhubhele eMzantsi Afrika, kwaye ushiye impahla, izinto kunye neemali kunye nawuphina umqulu okanye nawuphina umqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo ilifa okanye oneenjongo zokuba ngumqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo ilifa.
Ukubangaba umfi ubhubhele ngaphandle koMzantsi Afrika, kodwa abe ushiye ipropati apha eMzantsi Afrika kunye nawuphina umqulu okanye nawuphina umqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo ilifa okanye oneenjongo zokuba ngumqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo ilifa.
Kufuneka lixelwe phi ilifa lomntu ongasekhoyo?
Nangona nje zonke ii-ofisi zoomantyi zingamaziko eenkonzo zoMphathi oyiNqununu kwaye amafa wabangasekhoyo engaxelwa apho, zona zinegunya namandla aqingqiweyo, kwaye ziyakutshintshela kwi-ofisi yephondo yoMphathi oyiNqununu , wonke amafa kunye nemiqulu yasemthethweni eyimiyolelo eyalela.
ukubangaba umfi ubehlala eMzantsi Afrika ngexesha lokubhubha kwakhe, xela ilifa kuMphathi oyiNqununu onegunya namandla kummandla apho bekuhlala khona umfi ngexesha lokubhubha kwakhe ukubangaba umfi wayengahlali eMzantsi Afrika ngexesha lokubhubha kwakhe, ungalixela ilifa lakhe kuye nawuphina uMphathi oyiNqununu xela ilifa ngokugcwalisa iFom J294, ethi: Isaziso sokubhubha kunye neminye imiqulu ebandakanyekayo yokunika ingxelo, edweliswe apha ngezantsi ungasifumana isaziso sokubhubha kunye neminye imiqulu yokunika ingxelo kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi yoMphathi oyiNqununu wenkundla ephakamileyo okanye kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi kamantyi.
ukubangaba ilifa alinamqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emalabiwe ngayo okanye ukubangaba lo mqulu wasemthethweni awutyumbi mabi-lifa ongqalileyo okanye ukubangaba umabi-lifa otyunjiweyo ubhubhile okanye ukwalile ukutyunjwa.
IFom J155: Isithembiso kunye nolwamkelo lwezikhokelo zoMphathi oyiNqununu.
isatifiketi sokubhubha esiluqobo lwaso okanye ikopi yaso eqinisekisiweyo isatifiketi somtshato esiluqobo lwaso okanye ikopi yaso eqinisekisiweyo - ukubangaba oku kuyabandakanyeka uqobo lwazo zonke ii-will kunye nemifakelo eyongezelelayo okanye imiqulu eneenjongo ezinjalo - ukuba ikhona uluhlu lwababolekisi kumfi - ukuba bakhona isibhengezo sokuba eli lifa alixelwanga kwenye i-ofisi yoMphathi oyiNqununu okanye kwelinye iziko leenkonzo zoMphathi oyiNqununu.
Ukubangaba ixabiso lelifa lingaphantsi kwe R125 000, uMphathi oyiNqununu angaziyeka iincwadi zokutyunjwa komabi-lifa, aze endaweni yazo akhuphe iincwadi zegunya ngokweCandelo 18 loMthetho wokuLawulwa kwaMafa.
IFom J192: Ingxelo ebhaliweyo nefungelweyo: iinkcukacha zesizalwane - iyakugcwaliswa xangaba umfi akashiyanga mqulu wasemthethweni osebenzisekayo ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo ilifa.
ukubangaba ilifa alinamqulu wasemthethweni ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emalabiwe ngayo okanye ukubangaba lo mqulu wasemthethweni awutyumbi mabi-lifa ongqalileyo okanye ukubangaba umabi-lifa otyunjiweyo ubhubhile okanye ukwalile ukutyunjwa.
isatifiketi sokubhubha esiluqobo lwaso okanye ikopi yaso eqinisekisiweyo isatifiketi somtshato esiluqobo lwaso okanye ikopi yaso eqinisekisiweyo - ukubangaba oku kuyabandakanyeka.
Ukubangaba ixabiso lelifa ligqitha ngaphaya kwe R125 000, kufuneka kukhutshwe iincwadi zokwabiwa kwelifa kwaye kufuneka kulandelwe inkqubo epheleleyo eqingqwe nguMthetho wokuLawulwa kwaMafa.
Amaziko eenkonzo zoMphathi oyiNqununu anegunya namandla kuphela xangaba umfi akashiyanga mqulu wasemthethweni osebenzisekayo ongumyolelo oyalela indlela emakwabiwe ngayo ilifa , kwaye ixabiso lilonke lelifa longasekhoyo lingaphantsi kwe R50 000. Iincwadi zegunya zivumela ummeli otyunjiweyo ukuba alawule ilifa ngaphandle kokulandela umgaqo opheleleyo oqingqwe kuMthetho wokuLawulwa kwaMafa.
Ixesha elithatyathwayo kule nkonzo lixhomekeka kubunzima benyewe.
Nxulumana ne-ofisi yoMphathi oyiNqununu ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Returnforpaymentofprovisionaltaxthirdpayment.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Irhafu yokubambisa yenzelwe ukunceda abarhafi bamelane noxanduva lwabo lwemfaneleko yerhafu ngokuqhubekayo, endaweni yokuba bahlawule iimali ezinkulu kubekanye ngonyaka xa bevavanywa. Intlawulo yerhafu yokubambisa iyakungqamaniswa nerhafu yengeniso-mali yokugqibela ekufanele umntu ayihlawule kuloo nyaka wovavanyo ubandakanyekayo.
Intlawulo yesithathu yokubambisa ikwaziwa ngokuba yintlawulo yokubambisa "eyongezelelweyo" okanye "yokugcwalisela". Ukubangaba loo ntlawulo yenziwe, kufuneka ihlawulwe ungadlulanga umhla "wokungeniseka". Umhla 'wokungeniseka', kwimeko yonyaka wovavanyo ophela ngomhla wama 28 okanye wama 29 Febhruwari, ziinyanga ezisixhenxe emva koko kunyaka ovunyiweyo wokuphela konyaka wemali ophela ngomhla ongenguwo owama 28 okanye owama 29 Febhruwari, ziinyanga ezintandathu emva koko.
Intlawulo yesithathu yintlawulo yokuzithandela engenziwa nguye nawuphina umrhafi werhafu yokubambisa. Abarhafi abanengeniso-mali erhafelekayo engaphezulu kwe R50 000, okanye iinkampani ezinengeniso-mali erhafelekayo engaphezulu kwe R20 000 okanye nangaphezulu, bangenza intlawulo yesithathu yokuzithandela ukuze bazisindise ekubeni bafakelwe inzala kuyo nayiphina irhafu enganelanga xa bevavanywa.
Injongo yale ntlawulo kukwenzela ukuba abarhafi bakwazi ukuhlawula umahluko phakathi kwerhafu yabaqeshwa edibene nerhafu yokubambisa esele ihlawulwe kuloo nyaka, nerhafu iyonke efaneleke ihlawulwe kunyaka wovavanyo.
Ixesha lesithathu limele irhafu iyonke ehlawulekayo kunyaka opheleleyo, kuthatyathwe irhafu yabaqeshwa ehlawulelwe unyaka opheleleyo naziphina iikhredithi ezivumelekayo zangaphandle kunyaka opheleleyo iimali ezihlawuliweyo kumaxesha okuqala nawesibini erhafu yokubambisa.
Kuphuma kumntu ngamnye ohlawula irhafu yokubambisa ukuba achonge ukuba ifuneka ninina intlawulo yesithathu yokugcwalisela.
Ngenxa yokuba ke ifom yentlawulo yifom esisiseko ngokubanzi kwaye ayinazinkcukacha eziphathelelene nomrhafi othile, kungundoqo ke ngoko ukuba abahlawuli berhafu yokubambisa bafake iinkcukacha zee-akhawunti ezichanekileyo kule fom. Ukubangaba akufakwanga iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo, intlawulo ayinakufakwa kumhlawuli werhafu ochanekileyo.
obonisa unyaka wovavanyo.
Inombolo ethile yentlawulo yokwazisa ngomrhafi ingakhangeleka ngolu hlobo: 1234567123P00032005.
Xa iintlawulo zenziwe nge-posi, ngokusebenzisa ibhanki okanye i-ATM, ixesha elaneleyo lokuthumela ngeposi okanye lokusebenzisa le nkqubo, malithathelwe ingqalelo.
Xa iintlawulo zisenziwa ngekhompyutha, makwenziwe amalungiselelo okuba amaxesha ebhanki yakho amiselweyo okuvala ukuthatha iintlawulo nethuba lokuqinisekisa kokufaneleka kwentlawulo okunokwenzeka phakathi kweentsuku ezimbini nezintlanu.
uxwebhu lweSazisi salowo wenzelwa iinkonzo okanye inombolo ye-akhawunti eqhagamshelaniswe nohlobo oluthe ngqo lwerhafu ukulungiselela intlawulo.
Iintlawulo ezingangqinelaniyo nazo zombini inombolo yesalathiso yentlawulo echazwe ngentla apha noxwebhu lweSazisi lowenzelwa iinkonzo , aziyi kwamkelwa.
Ukuba usuku lokugqibela lentlawulo liwela kumhla weholide yomntu wonke okanye kwimpela-veki, intlawulo mayenziwe ngosuku lokugqibela lokusebenza phambi komhla weholide yomntu wonke okanye phambi komhla weholide yomntu wonke okanye kwempelaveki.
Intlawulo yexesha lesithathu kufanele isekelwe kwingeniso-mali nqo erhafelekayo, njengoko injongo yale ntlawulo ikukwenzela ukuba ukwazi ukuhlawula umahluko phakathi kwerhafu yabaqeshwa edibene nerhafu yokubambisa esele ihlawulelwe loo nyaka, nemfaneleko yerhafu egcweleyo kuloo nyaka werhafu.
Akukho xesha libekiweyo kule nkonzo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Returnofgeneralinformation.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukubangaba intlawulo yomvuzo epheleleyo yomqeshwa okanye intlawulo yomvuzo elinganiswa nonyaka ingange R2 000 okanye nangaphezulu kwaye ayigqithi ngaphaya komda obekelwe irhafu..
Iimali ezihlawulelwe iinkonzo ezinikwe ngabantu ngexesha abenza umsebenzi wabo wesiqhelo abawuqeqeshelweyo, umzekelo, oogqirha, amagqwetha, ii-advokheythi, abacwangcisi-mali kunye nabaphengululi beencwadi zemali.
Intlawulo yomvuzo okanye intlawulo yomvuzo elinganiswa nonyaka, engagqithiyo kwi R2 000 kunyaka werhafu.
inzala kwiimali-mboleko kunye neebhondi zokubambisa inzala kwiingxowa-mali ezityalwe kuwe inzala kwii-debentures inzala kwii-akhawunti ezikhoyo zokugcina imali isahlulo kwizabelo irenti ehlawulwe nguwe njengomntu oqeshe indawo okanye eqokelelwe nguwe njenge-eyijenti imali ehlawulelwe ukuxhamla ilungelo lempahla iimali ezihlawulwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa ilungelo elithile okanye iimali ezihlawulwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa uqambo, uyilo, igama nophawu okanye ilungelo lokushicilela nokuthengisa okanye ukukhuphela ulwazi olwayamene noqambo eMzantsi Afrika.
Zonke iimveliso zasefama, amaplanga okwakha, imfuyo, iintsimbi ezikrwada, izimbiwa, okanye amatye anqabileyo afunyenwe nguwe ngokuwathenga, unaniselwano okanye ukutshintshiselana.
Iibhonasi ezihlawulwe amalungu eenkampani namaqumrhu asebenzisanayo.
Akukho xesha elisisigxina.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Returnofincomeforinvestment.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Iirenti ezipheleleyo ezihlawulwa njengomntu oqeshe indawo okanye eziqokelelwe njenge-arhente yomnye umntu ngokuphathelelene nempahla echaziweyo iimali ezihlawulelwa ilungelo lokusebenzisa impahla iimali ezihlawulwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa ilungelo elithile okanye iimali ezihlawulwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa uqambo, uyilo, igama nophawu okanye ilungelo lokushicilela nokuthengisa okanye ukukhuphela ulwazi olwayamene noqambo.
Akukho xesha elisisigxina.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.S.96203.2.2.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Isikhokelo Sabafundi Sokufumana Inkxaso-mali - iNSFAS &gt Njani, Intoni, Nini, Phi...
Njani, Intoni, Nini, Phi...
Amacebo okungena kwimfundo kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
Isicwangciso-ndlela zokubuyisa imali abakuboleke yona.
Imali-mboleko yimali oyibolekayo ukuze ube nokukwazi ukuhlawulela izifundo zakho zasemva kweBnga leshumi.
Le mali-mboleko kufuneka iphinde ibuyiswe.
Yintoni iNkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ubungakanani benkxaso-mali yokufunda buxhomekeka ekuzimiseleni nakwizinga lakho lempumelelo esikolweni.
Ngubani Onethuba Lokufumana iMali-mboleko yeNSFAS?
ube uyakwazi ukuzibonakalisa isakhono nezinga lomqondo wakho ngempumelelo esikolweni ube uyadinga ngokwezimali okanye uyahlupheka.
Ingaba Ufumana Imali Engakanani?
Eyona nkxaso-mali ininzi ngo-2004 ibe ngamashumi amabini anesihlanu amawaka eerandi ze eyona isezantsi yangamawaka amabini.
Luyintoni na Uxanduva Lwequmrhu Lenkxaso-mali Yokufunda leDyunivesithi okanye leTeknikoni?
Kukuhlola amathuba namandla akho okuphumelela kwizifundo ozikhethileyo.
Kukwenza uvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba ngaba ngokwenene na uyingxenye yabo bahluphekayo ngokwezimali.
Usifaka Phi Isicelo Semali-mboleko?
Ingaba Ibalwa njani ingxenye yeSipho-mali sokufunda kwimali-mboleko yakho yokufunda?
De kuye kufukelela kuma-40% ale mboleko-mali angenziwa isipho-mali sokufunda, oko ke kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zakho zokuphela konyaka.
Ukuba uthi uphumelele zonke izifundo ozibhaliseleyo, usecicini lokufumana ama-40% njengesipho-mali sokufunda.
Ukuba uthi uphumelele iikota ezintathu zezo zifundo, ungafumana ama-30% njengsipho-mali sokufunda.
Ukuba uthi uphumelele isiqingatha sezifundo, unokufumana ama-20% njengesipho-mali sokufunda.
Ukuba uthi uphumelele ikota enye yezo zifundo, ungafumana I-10% njengesipho-mali sokufunda.
Ukuba uthi ungaphumeleli nasinye kwizifundo obuzenza, akunalungelo lakufumana nantoni na njengesipho-mali sokufunda.
Kwenzeka Ntoni Ukuba Uthi Ube Nemali Eseleyo Kwi-account yakho?
Ukuba kusekho imali eseleyo kwi-account yakho yeentlawulo zesikolo ekupheleni konyaka (umzekelo, ukuba uthe wafumana iwonga lesipho-mali sokufunda okanye iwonga lokuphumelela emagqabini emva kokuba ufumene nale yeSNFAS), iFinancial Aid Bureau kufuneka ibuyisele le mali kuNSFAS. Le mbuyekezo ke iya kuthi ithatyathwe njengentlawulo yakho yokuqala yale mali-mboleko.
Yintoni Inzala futhi kutheni uNSFAS eyifuna nje?
Inzala yindleko yokuboleka imali. Imali, njengayo nayiphi na impahla enexabiso, inexabiso elayanyaniswe nayo. Ukuba uthi ufake imali kwi-account yebhanki, ufumana inzala - ngamanye amazwi, ibhanki iya kuhlawula kuba inakho ukuyisebenzisa imali yakho ngelixa isekuyo. Xa uyilanda imali yakho ebhankini, uyayeka ukufumana inzala.
Kwiminyaka engaphambili iibhanki zoshishino bezibadla ukuya kufikelela kuma-23% enzala abafundi kwiimali-mboleko zokufunda. Ukuba wawukhe wafumana enye yezi mali-mboleko ubuya kulindeleka ukuba uyihlawule kwixesha elithile eliqingqiweyo, uphangela ungaphangeli. Xa kuthelekiswa, inzala yeNSFAS ilingana nezinga lokwenyuka kwamaxabiso (ingakumbi leyo yangeminyaka yoo-1990, eyayisi-9%) kwakunye ne-2%. Esi sibini seepesenti sincedisa ekugcineni eli nyathelo lemali-mboleko. Yenza igalelo kwiindleko zolawulo kwakunye nokusilela okungumvuka wokusutywa kukufa nokungahlawulwa kwala matyala eemali-mboleko ngenxa yentswela-ngqesho ethabatha ixesha elide.
Yintoni Ukwenyuka Kwamaxabiso?
Nyaka nonyaka, imali iphelelwa lixabiso futhi zimbalwa kuphela izinto enokuzithenga.
Ukwehla kwexabiso lemali minyaka le kubizwa ngokuba kukwenyuka kwamaxabiso.
Umzekelo wokuba ukwenyuka kwamaxabiso kuzichaphazela njani na izifundo zakho kukweyuka kweentlawulo zesikolo mihla le.
Ukuze uNSFAS abe nokubanceda abafundi kwixa elizayo, uNSFAS kufuneka azame ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso lemali yayo iligcina likwisimo esisiso. Yiyo le nto izinga layo lenzala layanyaniswe nezinga lokwenyuka kwamaxabiso.
Inzala yeNSFAS iphantsi kuba incediswa ngamalizo aphuma kurhulumente, iinkmpani zabucala kwakunye neenkmpani namaqumrhu aphesheya kweelwandle.
Njani, Intoni, Nini, Phi...
<fn>GOV-ZA.S.96203.3.3.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uqala Nini Ukuhlawula le Mali-mboleko?
Xa sele ufumene umsebenzi futhi umvuzo wakho ngama-R26.300 nangaphezulu.
Iintlawulo zibalwa ngezinga elingayi kubeka mthwalo mkhulu kuwe.
Ngoko ke, iintlawulo zisekelwe kumvuzo owurholayo.
Futhi iintlawulo ziqala kuphela xa umvuzo wakho ungama-R26.300 ngonyaka (oko ke kukuthi amaR2, 192 ngenyanga). Kweli nqanaba intlawulo yakho si-3% kumvuzo wakho.
Ingaba Uyibuyisa Njani le Mali-mboleko?
I-NSFAS ithumela incwadana enetyala lakho rhoqo ngekota yonyaka kubo bonke abafundi futhi iya kuthi ithumele incwadana yembalelwano ikwazisa ngezibhambathiso zakho zokuhlawula xa uthi ube kwinqanaba lokuba ungayihlawula le mali-mboleko. Oku ke kwenzeka xa uqalisa ukufumama umvuzo ongaphezu kwama-AR26.300 ngonyaka.
Kukweli xesha ke apho ulindeleke ukuba wenze amalungiselelo eentlawulo ngokwezigqibo. La malungiselelo ke anokuquka ukunika iNSFAS igunya lokuthabatha iintlawulo ngqo kwi-account yakho yebhanki, ngokwemiyalelo yeposi, iitsheki okanye ukutsalwa kwezi ntlawulo ngumqeshi emvuzweni wakho emsebenzini.
Njani, Intoni, Nini, Phi...
<fn>GOV-ZA.SAcitizensarrestedabroad.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Phantsi kweNgqungquthela yaseVienna emalunga noBudlelane babaMmeli-lizwe - umgangatho owamkelwa jikelele kuwo onke amazwe, abantu ababanjwe ngaphandle kwamazwe abo kufuneka babe nokufikelela kubameli babo babammeli-lizwe. Abemi beloMzantsi Afrika abakule meko kufuneka bacele abasemagunyeni ngoko nangoko ukuba babavumele baqhagamshelane nommeli weloMzantsi Afrika okwelo zwe. Okunye kokokuba kubekho umntu onokukumela aqhagamshelane nommeli weloMzantsi Afrika kwelo zwe okanye icandelo leeNkonzo zabaMmeli-lizwe kwiSebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle ePitoli.
Amagosa abaMmeli-lizwe afuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba abemmi baseMzantsi Afrika ababanjwe phesheya baphathwa ngendlela enobuntu ngeli xa baseluvalelweni. Kulo mba, imiba efana nokungcungcuthekiswa, impatho egadalala okanye ethoba isidima okanye isohlwayo siya kuxelwa sijongwe kunye nabasemagunyeni bengingqi. Imigaqo ePhantsi eMileyo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yokuPhathwa kwamaBanjwa isetyenziswa njengesikhokelo.
Zeziphi iinkonzo ezinikwa ngamaGosa abaMmeli-lizwe kubantu baseMzantsi Afrika abaseluvalelweni phesheya?
ammisela uqhagamshelwano kunye nabantu abaseluvalelweni kwakamsinya emva kokuqinisekisa ubumi babo baseMzantsi Afrika. Oku kwenza ukuba abantu baseMzantsi Afrika ababanjwe, baseluvalelweni okanye basentolongweni, phantsi komthetho welizwe langaphandle baqonde amalungelo abo kwakunye neenkonzo ezinikwa nguRhulumente weloMzantsi Afrika. Uqhagamshelwano luya kwenziwa ngokudibana nomntu, ngokubhala, ngokutsala umnxeba, okanye ngoonozaku-zaku abafanelekileyo, kuxhomekeke kwimeko ezithile.
anika ulwazi olubanzi malunga nenkqubo yomthetho yelo zwe lokubanjwa. Ulwazi olo lungaquka; iinkcukacha malunga noncedo lwezomthetho kunye notshutshiso, uluhlu lwamagqwetha , ukubuyisela entolongweni, ibheyle namanyathelo okubhena ukuze abaseluvalelweni babe nokuqonda ngamalungelo abo kwaneenkqubo eziqukwayo.
andwendwela iintolongo. Ukundwendwelwa rhoqo kweentolongo kuxhomekeke kumgaqo-nkqubo olandelwayo ngelo xesha, indawo, inkcubeko nemithetho yombuso obambayo, kwakunye nemeko yokhuseleko egqubayo elizweni nasentolongweni.
aqhagamshelana nosapho okanye abahlobo- kuphela ukuba oko kucelwe ngoseluvalelweni ngokubhala. Akukho qhagamshelwano luya kwenziwa, oknaye lwazi luya kunikwa nabanina ngaphandle kwemvumelwano ebhaliweyo ebhalwa ngabemmi beloMzantsi Afrika abaseluvalelweni okanye entolongweni.
aququzelela ukuthunyelwa kweemali zisuka kwiintsapho okanye kubahlobo abaseMzantsi Afrika zisiya kulowo uvalelweyo - ngokuthobela umthetho nemigaqo kaRhulumente weloMzantsi Afrika kunye naloo mbuso ubambayo. Isigunyaziso esikhoyo sichaza ukuba imali evela eMzantsi Afrika ithunyelelwa izinto zokuhlamba, ukutya nezinto zakhe akufuneki idlule kuma-R2 000 ngenyanga. Esi sixa asiyi kudluliselwa kwinyanga elandelayo. Qhagamshelana necandelo leeNkonzo zabaMmeli-lizwe ukuba ufuna uncedo.
aququzelela ukuthunyelwa nokuziswa kweeleta, amayeza nezinto zokufunda ezivela kwiintsapho nabahlobo eMzantsi Afrika. Esi sibonelelo sixhomekeke kwizibonelelo nemirhumo ekhoyo yeSebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle kunye nemithetho nemigaqo yelizwe lokubanjwa. Le mali ingatshintshwa iphuculwe kumaxesha ngamaxesha.
ISebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle kunye nabaMmeli beloMzantsi Afrika kwelaphesheya benza unakho-nakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali, iileta, izinto zokufunda namayeza zihanjiswa ngaphandle kokulityaziswa. Noxa kunjalo, izinto zokwenza eziphambili zoMzi woZakuzo, uMkhomishinala oPhezulu okanye uMmeli-lizwe baza kuqala. Iimeko zengingqi kwelo zwe nazo ziba nendima eziyidlalayo.
ukuphembelela okanye ukungenelela kwiinkqubo zenkundla okanye zomthetho ukufumana okanye ukunika ingcebiso yezomthetho ukuququzelela ukukhululwa entolongweni okanye ibheyile ukuya kwiindawo ezinobungozi okanye iintolongo ukuphanda ulwaphulo-mthetho ukufumana impatho engcono entolongweni kunaleyo ifunyanwa ngabantu baloo ngingqi - ngaphandle kokuba imigaqo ephantsi emileyo yezizwe ezimanyeneyo yempatho yamabanjwa ayisetyenziswa ukuyalela izizalwane okanye abahlobo ukuba bathumele imali ukuhlawula amatyala ezomthetho, ezonyango namanye ukufumana indawo yokuhlala, umsebenzi, iimpepha-mvume zokundwendwela okanye imvume yokuhlala kuloo ndawo ukuqwalasela umsebenzi owenziwe ziiarhente zezohambo, iinqwelo-moya, iibhanki okanye iinkampani eziqeshisa ngeemoto ukuncedisa ngokwasemthethweni abantu abanobuzwe ngambini kwilizwe labo lobummi besibini kuhlawulela amalungiselelo, izithuthi, umngcwabo okanye ukutshiswa komzimba wommi waseMzantsi Afrika oswelekileyo.
Ukuba ubanjwe kwelaphesheya, qhagamshelana noMmeli weloMzantsi Afrika okufuphi IiNkonzo zabaMmeli-lizwe kwiSebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle ePitoli.
Abantu abanobuzwe ngambini ababanjwe kwilizwe lobunye ubuzwe babo abayi kufumana ncedo kubaMmeli beloMzantsi Afrika. Ukuba abantu abanobuzwe ngambini baye babanjwa kwelinye ilizwe, abangengobemmi balo, ngexesha beseluhambeni besebenzisa iincwadi zokundwendwela zelizwe labo lesibini, kuya kufuneka baqhagamshelane nabammeli belo zwe basebenzisa iincwadi zalo kolo hambo.
Akukho siVumelwano sokuTshintshwa kwamaBanjwa esikhoyo phakathi koMzantsi Afrika namanye amazwe.
Umgangatho wenkonzo ufunyaniswa ngokomba ngamnye kwaye uxhomekeke kwiimeko zelo zwe lokubanjwa.
ISebe lemiCimbi yezangaPhandle lifumanisa indleko apho kufuneka khona, ngokusekelwe kwiinkonzo ezinikiweyo.
Ummeli welaseMzantsi Afrika uya kunika lowo useluvalelweni iifomu zezicelo ezifanelekileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA.SDI_GIS_Brochure_Xhosa_272007104042_359.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umnqophiso wethu kukuba ngabona banikezeli ngeenkonzo ISebe lethu linamasetyana amane - onke alungiselelwe ukuxhasa zolwazi baphambili nababelana ngolwazi ngenjongo yokuncedisa ubuchule bocwangciso nokuthathwa kwezigqibo kwiSixeko. Lo mnqophiso usekelwe kwinkolo eqinisekisa ulwazi njengolona phawu luphambili kwinkqubo esebenzayo yokwenziwa kwezigqibo.
ISixeko saseKapa simele ukujongana neentlobo ezininzi zeemfuno zophuhliso sisebenzisa imithombo elinganiselweyo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba le mithombo isetyenziswa ngobuchule, kufuneka ucwangciso lophuhliso olufanelekileyo nokwenziwa kwezigqibo ezisekelwe kulwazi neenkcukacha ezichanekileyo. Injongo yeSebe elijongene noBuchule kuPhuhliso loLwazi ne-GIS kukuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kolwazi ekubeni negalelo kuphuhliso lwexesha elizayo leKapa.
Ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo zokuphucula ukwabelana ngolwazi nangeenkcukacha kumbutho ngokubanzi.
Ukwenza uphando, uphicotho olufanelekileyo nokutolikwa kolwazi.
umsebenzi wabaxumi bethu nokuxhobisa inkqubo yonikezelo ngeenkonzo yeSixeko.
Eli sebe libonelela ngenkonzo ehlanganisiweyo yobuNzululwazi boLwazi ngezeLizwe kwiSixeko. I-GIS siSixhobo esinamandla kucwangciso lolawulo lwengingqi njengoko uninzi lolwazi lunophawu 'lomhlaba' okanye lwelizwe.
Ukubek'esweni umthetho wesizwe nomgaqo-nkqubo.
Ukuphuhlisa izathisi, ukuqulunqa iinkcukacha zezentlalo nezoqoqosho namanani abazelweyo nababhubhileyo.
Uphuhliso, ukumiselwa nokubek'iliso kwesicwangciso-qhinga solawulo oluhlanganisiweyo lolwazi neenkcukacha zesixeko siphela, umgaqo-nkqubo nesicwangciso-qhinga.
Ucwangciso nophuhliso lweenkqubo zoququzelelo lolwazi lweziko nokwabelana ngolwazi.
Ubonelelo ngenkqubo yobungcali yesicwangciso-qhinga solawulo oluhlanganisiweyo lolwazi neenkcukacha zesixeko, umgaqo-nkqubo nesicwangciso kuxhaswa amaphulo olwazi neenkcukacha zesebe.
Ukusekwa nokulawulwa kweZiko elinye elibalulekileyo leMithombo yoLwazi neeNkcukacha lesixeko.
Inkxaso nophuhliso lwesebe.
<fn>GOV-ZA.SMARTLivingHandbookXhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Le ncwadana, esekwe kwiNcwadi yesiKhokelo sokuPhathwa kokusiNgqongileyo kwiKhaya lokuLawulwa kokusiNgqongileyo i-AMATHEMBA iphuhliswe egameni lesiXeko saseKapa yi-AMATHEMBA kwakunye nequmrhu le-Eneji esisiGxina e-Afrika, ukanti imizobo noyilo lwenziwe ngabakwaDotted Line Design.
Incwadi le ngumzekelo ophathekayo wolawulo lwentsebenziswano, exhaswe ngezimali sisiXeko saseKapa, iSebe lePhondo lemiCimbi yokusiNgqongileyo nokuCetywa koPhuhliso kwakunye neSebe likaZwelonke lemiCimbi yezaManzi namaHlathi kwakunye nenkxaso evela kwinkqubo yeDANIDA yoLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo eziDolophini.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwencwadi enjengale kufune uphando, izigxeko-zincomo kwakunye neengcebiso ezisuka kumajelo amaninzi ohlukileyo. Sivuma ngomkhulu umbulelo inxaxheba enikwe ngabo bonke abathe banegalelo kwiinkcukacha eziqulathwe yile ncwadi.
Ubungozi nomngcipheko weenguqu ezikwimozulu kokusingqongileyo nakuqoqosho buqondwa kakuhle lihlabathi lonke.
Kananjalo siye siqonda ukuba imithombo yendalo namafutha enziwe ngeefosili anqongophele.
Ukunqongophala kwamanzi esikubonileyo kwisiXeko saseKapa kusenze sonke sakuqonda ukuba le mithombo asinto esifanele kukuyijonga singayithatheli ngqalelo.
Ukucima kombane okwenzeke kaninzi luphawu lweengxaki zonqongophalo lwamafutha eefosili kwihlabathi jikelele.
Kule minyaka izayo ngokukhula kweemfuno kunye nokunqongophala kwamafutha ezithuthi, kuza kubiza kakhulu ukwenza umbane ngamafutha eefosili.
IKapa lidume kakhulu ngesikumkani seentyatyambo salo, kodwa nesi sikumkani sisengozini ngenxa yotshabalaliso olwenziwa luphuhliso oluqhubekayo kwakunye noxinzelelo kokusingqongileyo olwenziwa lungcoliseko lomoya kwakunye neenguqu kwimozulu.
Ukuze sikwazi ukufikelela nokuphumeza iinjongo esizibekele zona ngokunxulumene ne-eneji, amanzi, inkunkuma nolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zeziphili, isiXeko saseKapa sifuna ukuncedwa ngabantu baso.
Incwadana yokuphila NGOKULUMKILEYO iqulethe uthotho lwamanqanaba asebenzisekayo anokuthi amakhaya ngamakhaya aseKapa awathabathe ze awasebenzisele ukwenza amakhaya akhuseleke, kongeke nemali lo gama bencedisa ekuphunguleni ukuthwaxeka kokusinqongileyo nendalo yethu exabisekileyo.
La manyathelo aphandwe ngokugqibeleleyo ziingcungcu kwaye abonakalise ukuba angawenza umahluko. Amanyathelo la kugqatyazwe ngawo kulula ukuwaphumeza kwaye angenziwa ngokulula ukuba abe yinxalenye yobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Kananjalo incwadana yokuphila NGOKULUMKILEYO inika ingcaciso kwimibandela ephambili yamajelo okusingqongileyo esijongene nayo silihlabathi kwanalapha phakathi esiXekweni.
Le ncwadana isekwe kwiNcwadana engokusiNgqongileyo emaKhaya yequmrhu i-AMATHEMBA engeNgcebiso zokuLawulwa kokusiNgqongileyo kwakunye neNcwadi yeze-Eneji enge-Eneji esisiGxina e-Afrika ebhalwe yaphuhliswa nguSarah Ward. AmaSebe esiXeko sethu aqinisekisile ukuba ingcaciso enikezwa yile ncwadana ichanekile yaye ayiphelelwanga lixesha, inika imboniselo eyiyo yokwenzeka esiXekweni. ISebe lePhondo leNtshona Kapa lemiCimbi yokusiNgqongileyo nokuCetywa koPhuhliso kwakunye neSebe likaZwe-lonke lemiCimbi yezaManzi namaHlathi, anike le ncwadi inkxaso ngezimali, nto leyo ebonakalisa ulawulo lomfelandawonye xa kufuneka kuliwe neengxaki ezinobuzaza zokusingqongileyo esijongene nazo kule mihla.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba bonke abo bathe bathabatha inxaxheba ekudalweni nasekusungulweni kwale ncwadana engokusingqongileyo baya kuziqenya xa bebona indlela evuthwe ngayo. Imiselwe ukuba ibe yintlahla-ndlela yazo zonke izixeko zaseMzantsi Afrika ze ibe ngumzekelo osebenzisekayo kwihlabathi wokuphuhliseka ngokusisigxina kwesixeko.
Oyena mceli-mngeni mkhulu ephezulu yeHolo lesiXeko saseKapa - ememezela isiqalo sexesha elitsha ezimbalini zeli lizwe laseMzantsi Afrika. Kodwa ke, mhlawumbi iKapa esijongene naye kule nkulungwane laziwa kakhulu ngobuhle balo ngokwendalo - iNtab' eTafile, unxwema intsha kukuthatha ingcingane leCape of Good Hope kwakunye neCape Flats, nalapho ubomi obubodwa bezityalo bukhoyo. IFeynbhosi, okanye 'amatyholwana ekhangeleka ifihlakele - uphuhliso ashinyeneyo' yimithana nezihluma ezibutyholwana ezingalahli olusisigxina nolugcinakalayo - siyenzemagqabi ebusika nezisoloko ziluhlaza, eyaziwa jikelele ngophawu lwayo olulodwa lobukho kweprotiya phakathi kwayo. IFeynbhos ibe yinto eyimpumelelo yemihla ayikho enye indawo efumaneka kuyo ngaphandle kommandla ngemihla kubo bonke abantu ogudle unxweme lweKapa, iintaba ezikufuphi nonxweme kwakunye neenkcochoyi zeentaba ezithile ezithe gqa-gqa phakathi ezweni. beli limiweyo. USinga-siqithi weKapa likhaya kuma-3-000 eentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo. I-190 lezi zityalo azifumaneki nakwenye indawo apha ehlabathini Kofi Annan, USosiba-jikelele ngaphandle kwalapha. woMbutho weZizwe eziManyeneyo, IKapa laziwa kakhulu ngobuhle neentlobo-ntlobo zeziphili Matshi 2001. ezifumaneka kulo. Nakubeni kunjalo, lijongene nemiceli-mngeni yamajelo yokusingqongileyo enzima kakhulu. Uphuhliso lommandla kwakunye nongcoliseko lutshabalalisa amakhaya endalo, nto leyo ebeka emngciphekweni wentshabalalo izityalo ezininzi ezizodwa, amasele anqabileyo nezinambuzane ezihlala kula makhaya. Ukufudumala okukhulayo kwihlabathi okubangelwa kokukhutshwa ziinqwelo-mafutha nemvelisombane kuya kuba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kubo bonke ubomi kwisiXeko sethu. Amajelo amanzi aye enqongophala ngokukhawuleza kwaye neetiphu ziyagcwala.
Kananjalo iKapa linophawu olucacileyo lomahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezityebi namahlwempu. Abanye abemi beKapa basebenzisa amanzi, umbane, amafutha nepetroli eninzi kwaye bavelisa inkunkuma eninzi ngokunokude kodlule ummi waseMelika okumndilili, lo gama abanye basahlala kwimizi emininzi enempompo enye yamanzi, besebenzisa amafutha ayingozi anjengeparafini ukupheka.
Singenza ntoni ngoku Singanako ukuguqula izinto senze umahluko?
Ngalo lonke ixesha ulayita isibane sikagesi, uqhuba inqwelo-mafutha yakho, uvulela amanzi etephini okanye ulahla inkunkuma yakho, wenza isigqibo esichapazela okusingqongileyo. Amajelo endalo - amanzi, amalahle, i-oyile, umhlaba, impepho - aya kutsha okanye aphele ukuba siwasebenzisa ngesantya esingaphezulu kwexesha alifunayo ukuze azizalise kwakhona. Kukho imiqondiso emininzi eyalatha ukuba oku sele kuqalile ukwenzeka.
Ifuthe lokuthwaxeka kwendalo ngamakhaya likhulu kakhulu. Ukuze siqinisekise ukuba sinamajelo oneleyo aza kusithwala - aza kwanela wonke umntu kwimihla esiphila kuyo kwanemihla ezayo - kufuneka siwaphathe kakuhle amajelo ethu, sisebenzise oko sinako ngobuchule nangokufanelekileyo. Uninzi lwethu luyazi ukuba kufanelekile ukuba sikwenze oku, kodwa kumathuba amaninzi asiqinisekanga ngeyona-yona nto ekufanele siyenze nendlela ekufanele siyenze ngayo. Le ncwadana ijolise ekukunikeni iinkcukacha malunga namanzi, inkunkuma, i-eneji neentlobo-ntlobo zeziphili kwakunye nezinto eziphathekayo ubani anokuzenza ukuze kubekho inguqu - ukukhusela okusingqongileyo, ukulondoloza imali nokwenza amakhaya ethu abe ziindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokuhlala.
Eyona nto imnandi ngokulondoloza amanzi nombane nokucutha inkunkuma kukuba oku kuya kongela wena nesiXeko saseKapa imali eninzi edingekayo! Amanyathelo acetyiswayo kule ncwadi ayafikeleleka kakhulu ngokwamaxabiso kwaye kulula nokuwenza. Xa ithe into ethile yanexatyiswana eliphezulu, mhlawumbi ukufumana isifudumezi-manzi sesola, ingcaciso uyayinikwa engesithuba sexesha elinokuthathwa siso ukubuyekeza iindleko zokufakelwa kwaso xa ithelekiswa nombane onokuwusebenzisa kwangelo xesha linye.
Enye into ekufaneleke ukuba siyicinge kukuba xa uthenga isixhobo sombane, awuhlawuli nje eli xabiso ulibonayo -koko uyazibophelela ekuqhubekeni uhlawula iindleko zokusisebenzisa esi sixhobo ngalo lonke ixesha sisetyenziswa nguwe. Ezi ndleko zamanzi ne-eneji zikhula ngokukhawuleza. Xa uthenga isixhobo, khumbula ukuba ufumene lithuba elingcono lokutshintshela kwisixhobo esiyakuthi sisebenzise i-eneji namanzi ngendlela efanelekileyo. Kuqhelekile ukuba ezi zixhobo zingaxabisi kakhulu kuyaphi kunezixhobo ezingasebenziseki kakuhle, kwaye ziya kukongela imali ekuhambeni kweminyaka nanjengokuba ii-akhawunti zakho zamanzi ne-eneji ziya kuhla.
Ingaba unqwenela ukuthenga isixhobo esitsha Ukuguqula uhlaziye indlu yakho Ingaba ufuna ukuphatha kakuhle uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwanyanga-zonke lwakho Sonke singathanda ukuthatha izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokuphathelene nolawulo lwamakhaya ethu - ukwenza izigqibo ezingcono ngempilo yethu, ukhuseleko nezipaji zethu, kodwa singakushiyi ngasemva okusingqongileyo. Le ncwadana inengcaciso esebenziseka kakuhle kakhulu nezilumkiso ezisebenzisekayo ezinokukunceda uthathe izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ukucutha ukusebenzisa kwakho amanzi ne-eneji nokucutha inkunkuma owukhuphayo. Kananjalo ikwanika ingcaciso ngendlela esinokugcina ngayo indalo yomelele kwaye izintlobo-ntlobo ezininzi kangangoko kwihlabathi lethu. Ezi zinto zinokwenziwa zingakongela imali kwaye zinokuphucula umgangatho wempilo nokhuseleko kwikhaya lakho. Kananjalo ziyakucutha ifuthe lethu elibi kokusingqongileyo?
Le ncwadana iqulethe ingcaciso eninzi kwaye sicebisa ukuba uzinike ithuba lokuyifunda - kunganzima kakhulu ukuzama ukwenza izinto ezininzi ngexesha elinye. Mhlawumbi kungangcono ukuba uzisikele ixesha lokwenza imisebenzi emitsha ngokweeveki.
Incwadana le yahlulwe yangamacandelo amane: Inkunkuma, I-Eneji, Amanzi neeNtlobo-ntlobo zeziphili.
kwakunye namanyathelo asebenzisekayo - yintoni emayenziwe nendlela yokwenza oko - aya kukunceda akongele imali, aphucule umgangatho wokhuseleko ekhayeni lakho, kuliwe nobuhlwempu, kuliwe noku guquka kwemozulu, kuphuculwe ubulunga bomoya ze kukhuselwe indalo yethu nokusingqongileyo.
Imisetyenzana nemifanekiso inikelwe ukuzamazamana nemiba ethile kwanokukhangela lula ulwazi. Imiba yempilo nokhuseleko nayo ishukuxiwe kwicandelo ngalinye kula mathathu. Uququzelelo nomsebenzi wasekuhlaleni ngundoqo wolawulo olulungileyo, amanyathelo aqalisiweyo ambalwa anomdla eKapa abandakanyiwe kwiingxelo zophando ezimfutshane.
Amakhaya aziintlobo ezahlukileyo ajongene nemiba eyahlukileyo yokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, amakhaya anengeniso-mali eninzi anokufumanisa ukuba asebenzisa umbane omninzi ze afune iindlela anokuziphicotha zokucutha ukusebenzisa kwawo umbane. Ukanti ikhaya elingeniso ingephi lona linokufumanisa ukuba eyona ngxaki yalo inkulu yimpilo nokhuseleko ngenxa yokungakhuseleki kokusetyenziswa kweparafini. Sithemba ukuba le ncwdana iya kusebenziseka kwaye ihambelane neemeko zamakhaya ethu onke eKapa, apho lithe icandelo elithile lakhangeleka lingahambelani nemeko yakho, lishiye udlulele kwicandelo elilandelayo - okanye ukhangele ukuba awungeqwalaseli imeko abajongene nazo abamelwane bakho kusini na.
Iimveliso ezisetyenziswayo ukuze kongeke amanzi ne-eneji ziyafumaneka eKapa kwiivenkile ezithengisa ngezinto zokwakha nakubathengisi bemibhobho nezinto zokutywina nokuhambisa amanzi okanye nakwiivenkile zezinto zombane. Iimveliso 'zohlaza' ezininzi ziyafumaneka kwiivenkile ezinkulu zengingqi ezithengisa ngezinto ngezinto. Iindawo zethu ezithengisa ngezityalo zime ngembambo zizityalo eziziinkulelane kwaye ziyakuba nako ukukunika isikhokelo nengcebiso yokuba zeziphi na izityalo ezinokulungela ummandla wakho.
Nceda qaphela ukuba amaxabiso neentlawulo-zinkonzo ezicatshulweyo kwitekisi ngawelixa loshicilelo kuphela, aya kutshintsha ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Amanzi ngoyena ndoqo ubalulekileyo wobomi bethu - abantu abanakuphila ngaphandle kwawo. Abalulekile kwezolimo nakwimizi-mveliso. Amanzi asetyenziselwa nokwenza umbane. Ukuze songe amanzi kufuneka singacingi nje kuphela ngamanzi esiwasebenzisa ngokwethu, ekuwaseleni nasekucoceni amakhaya ethu, koko kufuneka sazi indlela amanzi asetyenziswa ngayo ukwenza ukutya esikutyayo, iimveliso esizisebenzisayo nokwenza umbane wezibane nezitovu zethu. Ukusebenzisa amanzi ngobulumko kungawonga amanzi.
UMthetho weNkonzo zaManzi (108 ka-1997) uthi bonke abasemagunyeni benkonzo yamanzi, abafana nesiXeko sakho, mabahambise amanzi afikelelekayo, afanelekileyo nangokuzinzileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abosokolayo mabakwazi ukufikelela kumanzi abawafunayo, ngaxeshanye iNkonzo zaManzi mayibe nemali eyoneleyo yokujongana nokucoca nokuhambisa amanzi.
UMthetho umisela ubuncinane bamanzi ekufuneka ikhaya ngalinye linawo ukuze likwazi ukwanezisa iimfuno zalo ezisiseko ukuba ibe ngama-25 eelitha umntu ngosuku.
ngokulumkileyo kuthetha ikhilolitha ezintandathu ngenyanga kwikhaya ngalinye. La manzi kufuneka anikwe onke amakhaya eMzantsi Afrika simahla. Amanzi kukwafuneka aphume empompeni ngesantya seelitha ezili-10 ngomzuzu, ukuba ikhaya elo alinampompo, mayifakwe kumgama ongaphantsi kweemitha ezingama-200 ukusuka kwelo khaya. Abantu abasebenzisa amanzi abanakuhlala bengenamanzi iintsuku ezingaphezulu kwisixhenxe zilandelelana ngonyaka.
IiNkonzo zaManzi zesiXeko kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba amanzi akho ngokwaneleyo ukulungiselela nezizukulwana ezizayo.
Ukhulo loQoqosho kumacandelo ezoshishino nawezolimo ludala uxinzelelo kwizibonelelo zamanzi.
Ukunyuka kweemfuno zokusebenzisa amanzi kunyanzelisa ukuba kongezelelwe imithombo yamanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno azedluli amanzi akhoyo. Kusetyenziswa iprojekthi yeBerg Water eya kugqitywa ngo-2008 ukunyusa amanzi athunyelwa eKapa. Ngenxa yokushokoxeka kwamanye amacebo, iSebe laManzi naMahlathi kunye neSixeko liza kuphonononga ezinye iindlela kwixa elizayo ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi emithombo kunye nokukhupha ityuwa kumanzi aselwandle.
Kambe ke kuyabiza kakhulu ukusebenzisa ezi ndlela yaye kungathatha iminyaka ukuplana nokumisela oku. Ukuba wonke ubani angalondoloza amanzi yaye awasebenzise ngendlela efanelekileyo, izidingo zamanzi zingacutheka, khe kucothe nesidingo sokuba kuziwe nezinye iindlela zokongeza imithombo yamanzi. Imithetho kamasipala yamvanje iphunyezelwe ukuba iququzelele oku kutshintshwa kwendlela yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
ISebe lezaManzi namaHlathi neSixeko saseKapa zingabanini beenkqubo zobonelelo-ngamanzi asetyenziswa siSixeko. La manzi ahamba ngemibhobho aye koovimba besiXeko aye kucocwa siwenze abe nokuseleka siwatshintshe ngokuwahluza athunyelwe kwiindawo ezihlala abantu. Ukuwacoca kwenziwa ngokwemiGangatho yeSizwe yoMzantsi Afrika yokuSela aManzi. Le migangatho iyahambelana naleyo yoMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi.
Kwiplanti yokucoca amanzi amanzi aye angeniswe kwitsheyimba yokuwenza ukuba azole ukuhlisa uxinzelelo nokuze ahambe kakuhle ngemibhobho. Emva koko aye afakwe ikalika yokuwacoca nokuwahlenga-hlengisa. Aye agalelwe kwenye itsheyimba enkulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba iikhemikhali zihlangene ngendlela eyiyo. Aphuma apho aye ematankini ukuze ezo khemikhali zikulo manzi zizinze ze emva koko zihle zibe yintlenge. Amanzi angaphezulu agalelwa ikhlorini phambi kokuba adlulele kwindawo asefwa kuyo. Amanzi asefiweyo athunyelwa kwelinye itanki aphinde agalelwe ilayimu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayabhalansa, kongezwe nekhabhon-dayoksayidi ukuqinisekisa ukuba loo manzi akenzi ukuba izinto agcinwe kuzo zibe nerusi okanye azichachambise. Kugalelwa ikhlorini yokugqibela ukuqinisekisa ukuba loo manzi akanazifo emva koko aphume kwiplanti aye koovimba besiXeko ayekugcinwa phambi kokuba athunyelwe ezindlwini, kumashishini nakwezolimo.
Amanzi amdaka aphuma ezindlwini nakumashishini asuswa kwiipropati ngenkqubo yogutyulo. La manzi ahamba ngemibhobho aye koovimba besiXeko aye kucocwa, ahluzwe ukuze kususwe izinto ezinganobungozi ebantwini nakokusingqongileyo. Emva kokuba ecociwe, amanzi amdaka aye akhutshelwe emilanjeni ahambe ayokuphelela elwandle.
IsiXeko asenzi nzuzo ngokubonelela uluntu ngamanzi nasekuwacoceni. Imali ezibizwayo zeenkonzo zamanzi nelindle zabiwa ngeendlela yokuba zincedise ekucocweni nasekusetyenzweni kwamanzi neziko lokuhluza amanzi amdaka. Imali yeenkonzo kufuneka ikwazi nokuncedisa nasekwakheni iziseko zokuphuhlisa amanzi ukumelana nendlela afunwa ngayo amanzi kunye nokongeza ezinye izibonelelo zamanzi nenkqubo zokujongana namanzi amdaka. nokuncedisa nasekwakheni iziseko zokuphuhlisa zamanzi ukumelana nendlela afunwa ngayo amanzi.
NgokoMgaqo-siseko wethu, oomasipala banoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abahlala kubo bayawafumana amanzi. Njengabanikezeli-zinkonzo zamanzi kukwafuneka ukuba baqinisekise ukuba inkonzo yamanzi abanikezela ngayo iyafikeleleka, iyenoqoqosho ikwazinzile. Imiqathango yenkonzo yamanzi ibekiwe kuMthetho wooMasipala waManzi, ofumaneka lula kwiwebhsayithi yeSixeko (www.capetown.gov.za/water/) ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuyifunda.
Ukususela oko kwasekwa iCandelo leeNkonzo zaManzi kwiiNdawo ezinaMatyotyombe kwiSebe lokuSasazwa kwaManzi leSixeko, ukusilela konikezelo zinkonzo kuphantse kwapheliswa eKapa. Namhlanje ama- 99% ayo yonke imizi kwiSixeko saseKapa afumana amanzi aselwayo kwisithuba seemitha ezingama 200 ukusuka kwizindlu zabo, njengoko kuchazwe njengelungelo elingundoqo labantu kuMgaqo-siseko wethu. Oku kwande nge 6% ukususela ngo- 2001, nto leyo kufikelelwe kuyo ngokufakelwa kweempompo ezimi emhlabeni. Isixeko sinethemba lokukuphelisa tu ukusilela, kodwa ngenxa yokufuduka kwabantu, ukonakaliswa kweempompo nezinye iingxaki zolungiselelo, oko kuthetha ukuba ukufezekiswa kwenjongo ye 100% kusengowona mcelimngeni.
Ukusetyenziswa kwemigqomo ukuthutha ilindle kwathi kwapheliswa kuzo zonke izindlu ezisemthethweni eKapa ekupheleni kukaJuni 2005. I-94.8% yazo izindlu eKapa ngoku inamanzi aphuma kwimibhobho yamanzi.
Imvelaphi: Isiphetshana sokuSebenza kweeNkonzo zaManzi Meyi 2006 uLawulo lokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi, iSixeko saseKapa.
ISixeko sikwanoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba kuya kubakho amanzi awaneleyo kubo bonke abahlali nendalo jikelele ngoku nakwixesha elizayo.
Ukunciphisa ilahleko kuthungelwano nakurhwebo ngokugcinwa nokulungiswa rhoqo kwemibhobho yokusasaza amanzi nokubekwa esweni nokuqingqwa okufanelekileyo kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwizakhiwo zorhwebo.
Ukunciphisa ukuvuza kwamanzi kwizindlu zeentsapho ezingeniso iphantsi ngothethathethwano, imfundo, amajelo eendaba neenkqubo zokubhaqwa nokulungiswa kokuvuza kwamanzi ezijoliswe kwiintsapho ezisezilokishini apho iziseko izezikumgangatho ophantsi yaye bezingakhathalelwanga ngaphambili.
Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi liBhunga ngamabala okuphumla eSixeko anobulumko bamanzi nezixhobo zokonga amanzi ezifakelwe kuzo zonke izakhiwo zebhunga.
Ukuqinisekisa ukulingana kwemirhumo ngenkqubo yemirhumo nokubizwa kwemali eqinisekisa ukuba amanzi ayafikeleleka kumntu wonke, ezinzileyo ngokweendleko nekhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwamanzi.
Ukulawula ukumoshwa kwamanzi nokuqinisekisa ukuba lonke uphuhliso olutsha lunobulumko bamanzi, ngemithetho yoomasipala.
Iinkqubo zokufakelwa kwakhona nokuXhasa ngezakhono ezibonelelwa ngamajelo osasazo nezibonisa izixhobo nobuchule bokonga amanzi nezihlahla indlela yeNkqubo yokuTyinwa kwemibhobho yamanzi nasemva kokuba iFakelwe.
Unxibelelwano, imfundiso nokubizwa kwemali okucacileyo ukuguqula ukuziphatha ngendlela eyonga amanzi yexesha elide, ngamajelo eendaba, imisitho eyodwa, amaqonga nezikolo.
Ukunyusa iindlela ezizezinye zobugcisa namaphulo okonga amanzi ngohlaziyo lwamanzi, amaphulo okumbiwa kwamanzi nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi amdaka.
Ukudala imeko evumelana nolondolozo olululo lwamanzi lwexesha elide nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokuqinisekisa ukuba le yeyona ndlela yenkonzo yonikezelo ngamanzi nokubeka phambili umiliselo lwayo.
NgoSeptemba 2006 kwemiselwa imithetho kamasipala yamanzi emibini kwiSixeko saseKapa - uMthetho kaMasipala waManzi naManzi aMdaka noMthetho kaMasipala woLwelo oluvela kwimizi yorhwebo (iGazeti yePhondo 6378). Iikopi ezipheleleyo zoku zingafunyanwa kwiwebhsayithi yeSixeko (phantsi kweeNkonzo zaManzi). UMthetho kaMasipala waManzi uquka i-10% yemiqathango esisigxina yamanzi. Eli linyathelo elitsha elincumisayo kakhulu elinjongo zalo ikukuphelisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela engeyiyo.
Akukho mntu uya kunckenkceshela isitiya (phofu naziphi na iindawo ezinengca) esebenzisa amanzi aselwayo (ahlaziyiweyo, okusela), phakathi kwezi yure 10:00 no 16:00.
Kufuneka kubandakanywe izixhobo zokonga amanzi ezifana neentloko zeeshawara ezinkcenkceza kancinci nezo zifakelwa kwiimpompo, nezixhobo ezizizo zokugungxula izindlu zangasese kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezitsha nezo ziphuhliswayo kwiSixeko.
Abo basebenzisa amanzi kakhulu, abasebenzisa ngaphezu kwama 3 650 kl amanzi ngonyaka (njengamashishini, ngaphandle kweeflethi okanye amaholo ahlala uluntu) kufuneka balungele ukuphicothwa qho ngonyaka.
Ukususela ngo- 2001 eKapa kuye kwasetyenziswa inkqubo yokubizwa kwentlawulo yamanzi ehamba ngokwezigaba. Isigaba 1 ngamanzi akho owafumana simahla yaye ezi litha ziyi 1 - 6kl zokuqala kubonelelwa ngazo simahla kubo bonke abasebenzisi bamanzi. Isigaba 2 ukuya kwi 4 ahlala efikeleleka kakhulu, aze aye enyuka kancinci. Ngomhla woku 1 kuJulayi 2005, imirhumo yamanzi yenyuswa kakhulu ngama 90% kwisigaba 5 (41 - 50kl) nange 190% kwisigaba 6 (ngaphezu kwama 50kl) ngenyanga. Isixeko sizama ukubonelela ngamanzi ngendlela enobulungisa ngakumbi - amanzi obonelelwa ngawo simahla ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho zemihla ngemihla, okanye ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu; amanzi eemfuno ezingaphaya kweemfuno zakho zemihla ngemihla aya enyuka ngeendleko.
Isixeko sifunda isixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi phantse rhoqo ngeentsuku ezingama 30. Uhlawuliswa ngokwenkqubo yemirhumo enyuka ngokwezigaba ekhankanywe ngentla.
Qaphela ukuba uyawafumana amanzi akho asimahla. Noxa abahlali befumana i6kl yamanzi simahla ngenyanga nganye, ayisoloko ibonakaliswa kanye njenge 6kl kwityala lakho, kodwa iba isisixa esiphakathi kwesi 5 nesi 6kl. Kungokuba isixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi asifundwa ngamini inye nyanga zonke.
Ukuba akukwazi ukuhlawula ityala lakho lamanzi uya kuhlawuliswa inzala kwimali osayityalayo. Ukungahlawuli kungakhokelela ekucuthweni kwamanzi kuwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufakelwa iqhoshana lokuqingqa amanzi kwimpompo ukuze amanzi aphume kancinci kangangokuba usapho lube nokufumana kuphela amanzi ayi 6kl yasimahla ngenyanga. Iintsapho kufuneka zenze isicwangcwiso sentlawulo yamanzi neSixeko. Ukuba kukhe kwanyikinyelwa isixhobo sokulinganisa amanzi, iSixeko sinelungelo lokuwavala tu angaphumi amanzi.
Yazi apho sikhoyo isixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi. Sidla ngokufumaneka kwibhokisi yemitha ngaphandle kwesakhiwo sakho. Kwizindlu zakudala, sidla ngokufumaneka apho umbhobho omkhulu ohamba amanzi ungena kumhlaba wakho. Qiniseka ukuba uyasifumana yaye uyakwazi ukusifunda.
EKapa kukho iindidi ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zezixhobo zokulinganisa amanzi: esibala ngokomthamo nesithelekelelayo. La manani amnyama kwezi zibali zombini achaza ubungakanani bamanzi asetyenzisiweyo. Kuye kuthathwe la manani xa kubhalwa ityala onalo lamanzi. Kulo matshini uthelelekelelayo, amaqhezu eekhilolitha abhalwe kwezi wotshana zinechokoza elibomvu ukanti kwesi sibala ngokomthamo kujongwa phaya kula ndawo inamanani abomvu. La maqhezu abomvu akajongelwa manani okubala ityala, kuwo kujongwa ukuba akukho manzi avuzayo na nezinye iingxaki ezinokuba zikho.
ISixeko senza konke esinako ukunciphisa ngamandla ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ekufuneka kufikelelwe kuko ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu uyawafumana amanzi okusela, ngoku nakwixesha elizayo. Ukunciphisa okuyimpumelelo kwe- 10 - 20% kusoloko kufikelelwa kuko ngamaxesha emiqathango emiselwe imbalela. Umcelimngeni ngoku kukugcinwa kwale meko ixesha elide. ISixeko asinakukwenza oku ngaphandle koncedo nenkxaso yabemi baso xa bebonke. Siziintsapho sisebenzisa kangangama- 60% amanzi eSixeko xa ewonke. Oku kuthetha ukuba amanyathelo esiwathathayo ukusebenzisa amanzi ngendlela eyiyo aya kwenza umahluko omkhulu kwiSixeko sethu. Iindaba ezimnandi kukuba oku kungenziwa ngendlela engachaphazeli lonwabo lwethu, ixesha nenkxamleko kuthi.
Angakanani amanzi asetyenziswa likhaya lakho Niwasebenzisa phi awona manzi maninzi kwikhaya lakho Ingaba kukho izinto ebeninokonga kuzo amanzi Yandisa ulwazi lwakho nokuqonda ngokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwikhaya lakho ngalo msebenzi ungezantsi apha?
Umzekelo: Ukuhlamba izandla nobuso 1.5 iilitha ka-3 ngosuku 1.5 iilitha x 3 amaxesha ngosuku = 4.5 4 abantu 4.
Ukusela (ikomityi) 0.
Bala ukuba ukusebenzisa kwenu amanzi xa kuchakiwe kuba njani na. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba ubone ezo zinto niwasebenzisa kakhulu kuzo amanzi yaye kuya kuninceda ukuba nizikhethele ukuba ningaziphucula phi na iindlela zokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwikhaya lakho. Kumaxa amaninzi, kangange-40% ukuya kwi-60% yamanzi asekhaya asetyenziselwa izinto ezingabalulekanga, njengokunkcenkceshelwa kwezitiya nokuzaliswa kwamadama okuqubha.
Le mifanekiso isibonisa ukuba kumakhaya anengeniso ephantsi indlu yangasese yeyona ndawo imandla ekusetyenzisweni kwamanzi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba indlu yangasese ayivuzi kubalulekile ekongeni amanzi - ngokufanayo kumakhaya anengeniso ephantsi nanephezulu. Kumakhaya anengeniso ephezulu, izitiya yezona ndawo imandla ekunokongiwa ngayo amanzi. Iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo namanyathelo anokuthi athathwe ayafumaneka kwicandelo elilandelayo.
Zininzi iindlela zokusebenzisa amanzi amancinci kwikhaya lakho. Iimbono namanyathelo anokuthi athathwe anikwe apha akayi konga manzi kuphela, kodwa aya kukongela nemali. Akanzimanga yaye akayi kuwuguqula umgangatho wobomi bakho.
Inyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo kukufumanisa apho likhoyo iqhosha elisisiciko sombhobho omkhulu wamanzi akho ukuze ukwazi ukuwavala amanzi akho xa kukho imfuneko. Thatha esi siciko njengempompo enkulu yendlu yakho. Xa usivala, amanzi esuka kwimibhobho emikhulu aya kuvaleka ukuze amanzi ayeke ukumpompoza engena endlwini yakho.
Xa uvala isiciko sokuvala ungeva ingxolo embhakrazayo okanye enga iyagqabhuka kwimibhobho yakho yamanzi. Ibizwa ngokuthi yi 'hamile yamanzi' yaye ibangelwa yinguqu yesiquphe kukuqukuqela kokumpompoza kwamanzi yaye noxinzelelo lwamanzi luyenyuka, nto leyo ibangela ukungcangcazela kwemibhobho yamanzi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kungakhulula izibophi ezibambe imibhobho yamanzi kwandise amathuba okuvuza, ngoko ke ukuvalwa kwesiciko sombhobho omkhulu wamanzi kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela xa ngenene kuyimfuneko (njengaxa kulungiswa ukuvuza).
Impompo ethontsizayo ingamosha phakathi kwama -30 ukuya kuma- 60 eelitha zamanzi mihla le. Ukuba ityala lakho lamanzi likhangeleka lixhome kakhulu - lixhome ngaphezu koko ubunokukulindela kuphicotho lwakho lwamanzi - khangela ukuba akukho zindawo zivuzayo na endlwini yakho. Iimpompo, iintloko zeeshawara nemibhobho ehamba amanzi ashushu kungenzeka ukuba iyathontsiza. Isibhaxu esiluhlaza ngokungaqhelekanga kwisitiya sakho singachaza ukuba kukho ukuvuza komnye wemibhobho yakho ephantsi komhlaba. Oku kungaba ngunobangela omkhulu welahleko yamanzi. Ulwazi ngokufumana nokulungisa ukuvuza kwamanzi kwikhaya lakho lunikiwe kwisiqendu ngasinye ngezantsi apha. Ukuncipha ngama- 95% ngokulungiswa kokuvuza kwamanzi!
NgokoMthetho kaMasipala weSixeko waManzi omtsha akukho mthethweni ukuvumela imibhobho okanye amaqhoshana emibhobho yamanzi ukuba avuze uMthetho kaMasipala waManzi, Sahl. 3, iSiqendu 42 1.
Kufuneka ntoni xa ulungisa ukuvuza kwamanzi?
Qaphela: Phambi kokulungisa ukuvuza kwamanzi, vala isiciko sombhobho omkhulu wamanzi ozisa amanzi endlwini yakho. Sidla ngokuba kufutshane nesixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi. Emva kokulungisa ukuvuza kwamanzi, phinda usivule isiciko.
Yiba soloko ujonge iindawo eziluhlaza ngokungaqhelekanga esitiyeni. Oku kusoloko kungumqondiso wombhobho wamanzi ovuzayo phantsi komhlaba. Apho imitha yamanzi ingaphantsi komhlaba kummandla kamasipala, umasipala uya kuwulungisa umbhobho ogqabhukileyo ukuya kuma ngokuphela kwalo propati. Ukuba imitha ikwipropati, umasipala uya kukulungisa ukuvuza kwamanzi kwimibhobho esasaza amanzi ukuya kuma kwindawo engena kuyo kwindlu yakho. Umnini makaqinisekise ukuba kulula ukufika kwezi mitha ngalo lonke ixesha njengoko oko kuchaziwe kumthetho kamasipala. Imibhobho engeyoyamitha ilungiswe ngumnini-ndlu.
Cela onke amalungu osapho akhe eme kancinci ukusebenzisa amanzi lo gama usenza olu vavanyo. Linda imizuzu engama - 30 emva kokuba kuyekiwe ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi phambi kokuba uqalise olu vavanyo. Qaphela ukuba kufuneka kungasetyenziswa manzi ngayo yonke iyure ethathwa kukwenza olu vavanyo.
Fumana isixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi njengoko kuchaziwe phantsi kwesihloko esithi Funda ukufunda imitha yakho yamanzi (p80).
Bhala phantsi oko kufundeka kwisixhobo sokulinganisa.
Jonga isixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi ukubona ukuba ngaba amanzi ayahamba na kuso. Ukuba unesixhobo sokulinganisa amanzi esithelekelelayo uya kukwazi ukubona ukuba ivilana elibunkwenkwezi liyajikeleza na. Ukuba ivilana liyajikeleza, usenokuba unendawo evuzayo kwimibhobho yakho yamanzi.
Ukuba isixhobo sakho seso sibala ngokomthamo, amanani abomvu akwikona engasekunene yesibali sakho (arejistarisha isi-1/10 seelitha) akuva ngokukhawuleza ukuphuma kwamanzi yaye angakubonisa xa kukho ukuvuza okuthile ngokuthi akhawuleze aye kwinani elilandelayo. Abanye ooMasipala bayazitshixa izixhobo ezitsha zokulinganisa amanzi - ungabacela ukuba bakunike isitshixo saso. Kambe ke, kufuneka iqatshelwe into yokuba ezinye iimodeli zeemitha ezibala ngokomthamo zinamanani ama-3 endaweni yama-4 aboniswe emfanekisweni. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ela nani libomvu lingasekunene lirejistarisha ngelitha nganye enyukayo yaye alikhawulezi ukuva amanzi adlulayo njengaleya inamanani amane erejistarisha isi-1/10 seelitha.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwamanzi, bhala phantsi oko ukufunde kwisixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi kwiyure emva koko ubukufunde kuqala. Kubalulekile ukuba kube akukho mntu ukhe wasebenzisa amanzi endlwini ngeli thuba, okanye uvavanyo luya kuba lolungamkelekanga.
Thabatha oko ukufunde kuqala koko ukufunde okwesibini. Oku kuya kukuxelela ukuba angakanani na amanzi avuzayo ngeyure nganye.
Biza umntu osebenza ngemibhobho yamanzi ukuba alungise oko kuvuza, cela ukuba ufakelwe imibhobho emelana nokudliwa ngumhlwa (umzekelo, ene- polyethylene ephezulu). Qaphela ukuba imibhobho ehambisa amanzi asuka kumbhobho omkhulu kamasipala kufuneka ingavalelwa okanye ifakwe phantsi kwemigangatho eyikonkriti njengoko kuchaziwe kwimithetho kamasipala.
Khumbula, iSixeko siya kulungisa nakuphi na ukuvuza kwamanzi okungaphandle komhlaba wakho, kwicala lebhunga lesixhobo sokulinganisa amanzi, ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
Umyinge wamanzi asetyenziswa yindlu yakho yangasese ungehliswa lula ngokulungiswa kakuhle nangeendlela ezilula zokongiwa kwamanzi. Imigqomo emidala yamanzi endlu yangasese ithwala phakathi kweelitha ezili- 9 nezili- 12 zamanzi. Imigqomo yangoku yamanzi endlu yangasese ithwala malunga neelitha ezi- 6 zamanzi. Ukuguqula indlu yakho yangasese ibe yileyo igungxula kaninzi (egungxula ingayeki xa umqheba usacinezelwe) okanye leyo igungxula kabini (egungxula ixesha elide negungxula ixesha elifutshane) kungakhokelela kukongiwa kwamanzi okufikelela kuma- 20% kwityala lakho lamanzi. Unako nokunciphisa umthamo womgqomo wamanzi wendlu yakho yangasese ngokufaka ibhotile okanye ingxowa eza kuthatha indawo yamanzi apha emgqomeni wamanzi wakho.
NgokoMthetho kaMasipala weSixeko waManzi omtsha umgqomo wamanzi endlu yangasese (ithoyilethi) kufuneka ungabi ngaphezu kwe-9,5 leelitha zamanzi ubukhulu (uMthetho kaMasipala waManzi iShedyuli 2 uLawulo loKusetyenziswa kwaManzi).
Egungxula kabini: Ukufakela indlela yokusebenza kwamanzi endlu yangasese ngogungxula kabini, kufuneka kufakelwe umgqomo wamanzi endlu yangasese omtsha. Oku kubiza kwisithuba se- R1 500 xa iyonke loo nto. Ezi zixhobo zigungxula kabini zifuna ukusoloko zihoyiwe kakhulu kunezo zigungxula kaninzi.
Esigungxula kaninzi (ugungxulo olunqamkayo): Le yindlela elula ekwenza ukwazi ukulawula ubungakani bamanzi ogungxula ngawo. Wakube uwuyekile umqheba womgqomo wamanzi endlu yangasese, uya kuyeka nayo ukugungxula. Oku kuy akungela ngaphezu kwama- 50% amanzi okugungxula. Indlu yangasese ekhoyo ingafakelwa ngokutsha indlela yokugungxula kaninzi. Uqikelelo lweendleko: R60 - R450.
Isingxobo, okanye ingxowa, kungcono ukuba ibekwe phantsi kwebhola leyo. Ukuba usebenzisa ibhotile yeplastiki ukucutha umyinge wamanzi asebenzayo, kuya kufuneka wenze umgqobho kwicala ngalinye lebhotile, apha kanye emagxeni, ukuze amanzi agcinwe ebhotileni (le ithathe indawo yamanzi) angabi madala. Ibhotile kufuneka yenziwe ibe nzima ukuze ingalabalabi.
Indlu yangasese evuzayo ingamosha ukuya kuma- 100 000 eelitha zamanzi ngonyaka omnye. Oku kuvuza kunyusa ukusebenzisa kwakho amanzi kukutyhalele kwisigaba esingentla sentlawulo yamanzi, okanye inqanaba, yaye kungaba yindleko enkulu kakhulu.
Nazi iindlela ezintathu ezilula zokukunceda ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba indlu yakho yangasese ayivuzi na. Kufuneka ulinde imizuzu engama- 20 ukwenza ezi mvavanyo ukuba ubusandula kugungxula indlu yakho yangasese.
Mamela amanzi ankcenkceza engena kwimbiza yendlu yangasese.
Cinezela intwana yephepha langasese kumva wembiza ngaphakathi eludongeni lwayo. Ukuba liba manzi, ngokuqinisekileyo kukho ukuvuza.
Galela amathontsi ali- 15 olwelo lokufaka umbala ekutyeni kumgqomo wamanzi wendlu yangasese (a). Ukuba, emva kwemizuzu eli- 15, amanzi akwimbiza yendlu yangasese abe nombala, kukho ukuvuza (b).
Susa isiciko somgqomo wamanzi endlu yangasese ujonge ukuba emi ndawoni na amanzi ngaphakathi.
a Ukuba amanzi akwinqanaba elinye nombhojana wevalufa yokugungxula, ngoko ke inqanaba lamanzi libekwe laba phezulu kakhulu okanye ivelufa yokukhupha amanzi iyavuza. b Ukuba amanzi angena kumbhojana wevalufa, ivelufa yamanzi ibekwe phezulu kakhulu okanye ivelufa yamanzi iyavuza. c Ukuba inqanaba lamanzi lingaphantsi kwayo yomibini imibhojana yamanzi, ivelifa yokugungxula iyavuza.
Imibhojana engaphakathi kwindlu yangasese ithintela ukuphuphuma xa lithe inqanaba lamanzi kumgqomo wamanzi ashushu okanye kowamanzi endlu yangasese labekwa phezulu kakhulu. Amanzi ayakwazi ukungena kumbhojana onqanda ukuphuphuma wendlu yangasese, okanye umbhojana wevalufa yokugungxula onqanda ukuphuphuma, aphume endlwini.
Ukuba amanzi ayaphuma kwimibhojana yakho yokunqanda ukuphuphuma, oko kuthetha ukuba inqanaba lamanzi akho libekwe phezulu kakhulu. Oku kungalungiswa ngokuthotywa kwevelufa yamanzi ngokugoba ingalo yayo kancinci iye phantsi (bamaa ingalo ngesinye isandla, lo gama uyigobayo ngesinye isandla - oku kuya kunqanda ukuba kungabikho nto yaphukayo). Ukuba ivelufa ifakwe ngesilungelelanisi sohlobo lwesikhonkwane, jija isikhonkwane ukuthoba umbhojana kancinci.
Inqanaba lamanzi kufuneka linyuke lifike kwinqanaba elingezantsi kwevelufa yamanzi yaye ivelufa edadayo kufuneka ivale. Ukuba akwenzeki oku, yaye inqanaba lamanzi lisenyuka ube umgqomo wamanzi endlu yangasese uqalisa ukuphuphuma kwakhona, kufuneka kufakwe elinye iqhoshana lombhojana odadayo.
NgokoMthetho waManzi kaMasipala weSixeko ubuninzi bomyinge wamanzi aphuma kwintloko yeshawara makangabi ngaphezulu kwe-10 leelitha ngomzuzu (uMthetho waManzi kaMasipala iShedyuli 2 uLawulo lokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi).
Ibhafu eqhelekileyo inomthamo ophakathi kwe- 150 nama- 200 eelitha zamanzi. Ishawara eqhelekileyo isebenzisa amalunga ne- 22 eelitha zamanzi ngomzuzu ngamnye. Iintloko zeeshawara ezikhupha amanzi angaphantsi kwesiqingatha salo myinge ngomzuzu ziyafumaneka. Xa ziphantsi koxinzelelo, iintloko zeeshawara ezikhupha amanzi amancinci ziyawaqingqa amanzi aphuma kwintloko yeshawara. Amanzi aphuma ngomngxuma omalunga ne-5 mm anyanzelwe kwindawo ezama-zamayo apho ahlulwa abe zizigidi zamathontsana amancinci. Oku konga ukuya kuma- 50% amanzi - yaye kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kombane wokufudumeza amanzi.
Iintlobo namagama amaninzi ahlukeneyo eentloko zeeshawara ezikhupha amanzi amancinci ayafumaneka kwimarike, ukonga ukuya kuma- 30 nama 50% amanzi asetyenziswa kwiishawara. Qaphela: Kufuneka ama-600 kPa oxinzelelo lomgqomo wamanzi ashushu ukuze zibe nokusebenza ezi ntloko zeeshawara. Iintloko zeeshawara ezikhupha amanzi amancinci zibiza phakathi kwama- R70 nama- R350.
Xa uhlamba kwishawa, kufuneka uyiqaphele into yokuba ukuba xa uhlamba imizuzu elishumi, awongi manzi. Khumbula ukuba xa amanzi ephuma kancinci ixesha elifutshane, yaye uhlamba imizuzwana embalwa, wonga amanzi.
Njengemigqomo yamanzi endlu yangasese, imigqomo yamanzi ashushu inombhojana othintela ukuphuphuma kwamanzi. Kuqhelekile ukuba amanzi athontsize kulo mbhojana (okanye idreyini) uxonyezelelwe kwivelufa eyandisiweyo yokunceda. Xa amanzi ashushu esanda, kukhutshwa amancinci kuwo ngalo mbhojana. Ukuthontsiza kumelwe ukuba kuyeke bakuba ubushushu bamanzi bumi ndawonye. Oku kuthontsiza kuqhelekileyo kungaqhuba iyure yonke nangaphezulu. Kungaphuma ukuya kwiilita ezi- 2 zamanzi kulo mbhojana wokuthintela ukuphuphuma ngosuku ngalunye. La manzi angaqokelelwa aphinde asetyenziswe kwizityalo zakho zesitiya!
Ukuba kukho ukuthontsiza okuqhubekayo okanye ukuhamba kwamanzi kumbhojana othintela ukuphuphuma okanye ivelufa eyandisiweyo yokunceda uze umyinge wamanzi aqokelelweyo apha ube ngaphezu kweelitha ezi- 2 ngemini, kukho ukuvuza kwamanzi. Ngenxa yobumbaxa yaye mhlawumbi nobunzima bokulungisa imigqomo yamanzi ashushu evuzayo, okona kungcono kukuba ubize umntu oqeqeshelwe ukusebenza ngemibhobho yamanzi ukuba akulungiselele le ngxaki.
Umsonto ombaxa ungena kuzo zombini iimpompo ezilungiselelwe imisonto yesiqhelo ngokwesini sobukhomokazi naleyo yesobudoda. Noxa iimpompo ezininzi namhlanje zinemisonto yesiqhelo, impompo ezindala zingafuna amaqhoshana okungenisa umsonto ukuze kufakelwe lula iimveliso zokonga amanzi. Ziyafumaneka. Jonga ukuba lungakanani na uxinzelelo lwamanzi (kPa) olufunekayo ukuze ezi mveliso zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokomthetho kamasipala omtsha, ukuphuma kwamanzi kuyo nayiphi na itephu yesinki yokuhlamba izandla akunakuba ngaphezulu kweelitha ezintandathu ngomzuzu (Shedyuli 2 yoMthetho kaMasipala waManzi, uLawulo lweMfuno eMandla yaManzi).
NgokoMthetho weSixeko waManzi wooMasipala ubuninzi bomyinge wamanzi aphuma kuyo nayiphi na impompo efakelwe kwisityana sokuhlamba izandla mawungabi ngaphezu kweelitha ezi- 6 ngomzuzu (uMthetho waManzi wooMasipala iShedyuli 2 uLawulo lokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi).
Iqhoshana elingenisa umoya empompeni libiza malunga nama- R35.
Ukukhetha ngobulumko xa uthenga izinto zasekhaya ezintsha kungaba nefuthe elikhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwamanzi akho (nombane ngokunjalo). Khangela iimveliso ezonga amanzi nombane.
Oomashini bokuhlamba izitya basebenzisa malunga nama- 40 ukuya kuma- 75 eelitha zamanzi ngokuhlamba, kodwa oomashini abagqibelele ngakumbi bangasebenzisa kancinci kangange- 13 leelitha. Aba bangasebenzisa nombane ongaphantsi njengoko emancinci amanzi ekufuneka efudunyeziwe. Oomashini abaneempahla ezihlanjwa msinya (izitya ezingangcolanga kakhulu) okanye iimpahla ezimbalwa baya kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngama- 37% nokusetyenziswa kombane ngama- 29%.
Oomashini bokuhlamba iimpahla abagqibelele ngakumbi basebenzisa amanzi amalunga nama- 30% ngaphantsi nama- 40% ukuya kuma- 50% umbane ngaphantsi. Khangela oomashini abasebenzisa phakathi kwama- 37 ukuya 45 eelitha zamanzi ngokuhlamba. Kwakhona, amanzi ashushu amancinci athetha ukuba kusetyenziswa umbane omncinci.
Qaphela, ukuba oomashini abonga amanzi baya kufuna isepha ejiye kakhulu okanye eninzi yaye ngaphandle kokuba kungasetyenziswa sepha zimbi, azikulungelanga ukusetyenziswa kwindlela yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi amdaka.
Apho izindlu zinezitiya, ezi zitiya zidla ngokusebenzisa kangangama- 30 ukuya kuma- 50% awo onke amanzi asetyenziswa kwikhaya elo. La ngamanzi anyangiweyo, aselwayo (kudla imali ukuwahlambulula) yaye kufuneka sicinge ngobulumko xa sifuna ukuwasebenzisa ezitiyeni. Singagqibelela ngakumbi ngokunkcenkceshela ngamaxesha apholileyo emini, kusetyenziswa ukunkcenkceshela okuthontsizayo, ukusebenzisa izichumiso zendalo nokufaka isitroyi kwizitiya zethu. Ezinye izityalo ezilungele ukutyalwa eKapa (ebezisoloko zikho) azifuni kunkcenkceshelwa nakancinci, ngaphandle kwaxa zisakhula.
NgokoMthetho weSixeko omtsha wooMasipala waManzi izitiya azinakunkcenkceshelwa ngamanzi okusela, phakathi kweeyure 10:00 no 16:00. xa kusetyenziswa umbhobho wokunkcenkceshela ukunckenkcesheka isitiya ufakwe kwimpompo yamanzi aselwayo, kuya kufakelwa isixhobo sokulawula amanzi, kungafakwa nokuba sisitshizi ekupheleni kombhobho. (uMthetho waManzi wooMasipala iShedyuli 2 uLawulo lokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi).
Incam yeKapa ineendidi ezininzi zezityalo (2 256) kuneZiqithi zaseBritane xa zizonke (1 492). Ezi zityalo zemveli ziye zalungela ukumelana nobume bezulu nohlobo lomhlaba weli kwiminyaka engamawaka yaye inkoliso inamagqabi amancinci, angwevu, anencindi okanye anoboya ukumelana nobushushu nokoma kwehlobo. Izityalo zemveli zezona zilungele izitiya zethu yaye zifuna ukukhathalelwa nokunkcenkceshelwa kancinci, xa zithe zakufuna oko. Isitiya esele sikhulile esonga amanzi singandisa ixabiso lendlu yakho. Okukhona usenza isitiya sakho songe amanzi kwasekuqaleni, kokukhona kuya kuba lula yaye kungabinandleko ukusigcina sisihle. Wakuthatha isigqibo sokwenza isitiya sakho songe amanzi, thetha ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zoko nendawo ekhulisa ithengise izityalo kwindawo ohlala kuyo, okanye jonga kwiphamflethi yeSixeko enesihloko esithi "Creating a water efficient garden".
Ukuba kufuneka ube nengca yokuphumla, faka ingca yemveli emelana neembalela endaweni yengca iKikuyu, efana neBuffalo grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) ne Fyn (Fine) kweek . Ezi ntlobo zifuna isiqingatha somyinge wamanzi yaye kulula ukuzikhathalela. Ingca yokuphumla eseKirstenbosch Gardens (kusetyenziswa iintlobo zengca yemveli) inkcenkceshelwa kuphela kanye ngeveki ebusuku iinyanga ezintathu zonyaka (ehlotyeni). Kungenjalo, le ngca ixhomekeke emvuleni ukuze iphile, yaye iqhuba kakuhle.
Kuthatha ama- 32.5 billion eelitha zamanzi ukuzalisa amadama okuqubha aqikelelwa kuma- 650 00 eMzantsi Afrika. INtshona Koloni inamalunga nama- 91 000 ala madama okuqubha.
Xa imozulu ishushu kakhulu, amanqanaba amanzi amadama ngokwendalo ehla malunga ne- 0.5cm ukuya kwi- 1 cm ngosuku. Izigqumo zamadama zinciphisa ukuphuma komphunga ukuya kutsho kuma- 90%, zonge amanzi obuza kuwasebenzisa ukunyusa amanqanaba amanzi edama lakho. Iplastiki ekwenziwe ngayo izigqumo zamadama okugqubha Ibiza malunga nama- R40 ukuya kuma- R50 ngesikwere semitha. Izixhobo zobunewu-newu ezizisongayo nezinye izincedisi zingabiza ngaphezu kwama- R2 000. Qho ukuba usongeza amanzi kwidama lakho, nebhili yakho iza kunyuka.
Amadama okuqubha avuzayo angakhokelela kwilahleko engeyomfuneko yamanzi. Khangela iintanda ngaphakathi kwidama lokuqubha okanye indawo enengca eluhlaza ngokungaqhelekanga.
Ngcono nangakumbi, bhala phantsi ukuba kufuneka ulizalise rhoqo kanganani na idama lakho lokuqubha oku kuya kuthi gqolo kakhulu ehlotyeni. Ukuba inqanaba lamanzi edama lakho lokuqubha lihla ngaphezu kwe- 5cm ukuya kwi- 6cm ngeveki, ngokuqinisekileyo unendawo evuzayo.
NgokoMthetho weSixeko waManzi wooMasipala omtsha izixhobo ezizisebenzelayo zokuzalisa ezisebenzisa ivelufa edadayo etsala amanzi kumthombo wamanzi aselwayo ukuzalisa idama lokuqubha azivumelekanga (uMthetho waManzi wooMasipala iShedyuli 2 uLawulo lokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi).
Umthombo udla ngokufakwa impompo elapha emhlabeni ekwazi ukutsala amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba isebenzisa umbhobho ofunxayo kwi-8-10 leemitha ngaphantsi emhlabeni. Umngxuma ekutsalwa kuwo amanzi ongenzulwanga umalunga nama- 30 eemitha, lo gama imingxuma enzulu inokuba nzulu kangange- 100 leemitha. Ukumba umngxuma wokutsala amanzi kubiza imali eninzi kakhulu yaye kufuneka kuphandwe ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba kwenziwe. Amanzi avela phantsi komhlaba asenokungakulungeli ukunkcenkceshelwa kwezityalo.
Amanzi aphantsi komhlaba adlala indima ebalulekileyo kokusingqongileyo. Ngamathuba eembalela, amanzi aphantsi komhlaba avuselela imilambo xa amanzi ayo esezantsi. Ngamaxesha eemvula, iba ngamanzi emilambo ehlayo aye ezantsi emhlabeni; imilambo namanzi emiyo emhlabeni avuselela lawo aphantsi komhlaba. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi avela phantsi komhlaba akangcolanga okanye akasetyenziswa ngokugqithileyo, umyinge wamanzi atsalwa phantsi komhlaba kufuneka ubekwe esweni . yiyo uMasipala efuna ukuba onke amakhaya anemingxuma yokutsala amanzi phantsi komhlaba abhaliswe kuMasipala.
Noxa kungekho mthethweni nje ukuxomezelela itanki lamanzi emvula kumbhobho wamanzi aselwayo, kungaba yingcinga entle ukuzifakela itanki lakho lamanzi emvula ukwenzela amanzi okuhlamba iimpahla, ukucoca, ukunkcenkceshela nedama lokuqubha. Kungafakelwa nesixhobo sokusebenzisa amanzi emvula aye kumatanki amanzi asethoyilethi yaye oku kungacutha ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi xa kuflashwa.
Amatanki amanzi emvula athatha imithamo eyahlukeneyo yamanzi: 200 yeelitha, 500 yeelitha, 1 000 leelitha, 1 500 leelitha, 2 500 eelitha, 5 000 eelitha nama 10 000 eelitha. Ngenxa yendlela amakhulu ngayo, kufuneka indawo enkulu yokuwafakela. Ukonga indawo, khetha itanki elimi ngqo ingelilo elilele ngecala. Ukubeka itanki emthunzini kuya kunceda ekugcineni amanzi ephole kangangoko. Qaphela ukuba elenziwe ngemathiriyeli engangenisi kukhanya lingenza ukuba amanzi abe nobulembu xa libekwe kwindawo enelanga. Itanki elibukhulu buziilitha ezili-1 000 likhangeleka ilelona longayo - nelithandwayo, libiza kwisithuba sama- R890 ngetanki lesiqhelo leplastiki eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Itanki elincinci eliziilitha ezingama- 250 libiza malunga nama- R530.
Amanzi esithi amdaka ngamanzi asetyenziswe endlwini ekuhlambeni, ekuhlambeni iimpahla nasekucoceni. Kukho indlela yokuthatha la amanzi amdaka aguqulelwe kumanzi okunkcenkceshela izitiya. Bubalulekile ubukhulu nendlela emi ngayo imibhobho ejika amanzi esuka kumashini wokuhlamba iimpahla. Kufuneka izihluzi, iivelufa kunye novimba (wokugcina). Amanzi okuhlamba iimpahla anesepha eneefosfeythi anesondlo yaye angakhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo. Noxa kunjalo, ulwelo oluninzi lokuhlamba izitya lunezinto azingazilungelanga izitiya zethu. Amanzi amdaka avela ekhitshini makangasetyenziswa ekunkcenkcesheleni izitiya.
Amanzi amdaka akasoloko ekhuselekile ukuba angasetyenziswa. Kufuneka wazi ukuba ungabeka esweni ngokhuseleko izinto ezingena emanzini ulawule le ndlela ngokukuko. Ngenxa yezizathu zempilo, musa ukusebenzisa amanzi amdaka ukunkcenkceshela imifuno yakho, amayeza okanye iziqhamo oneenjongo zokuzitya. Xa usebenzisa amanzi amdaka kwisitiya sakho, kubalulekile ukuba amathontsi amanzi abe makhulu yaye amanzi aphumele ezantsi ukuze anganabeli kwezinye iindawo amanzi amdaka. La manzi makangatshizwa kwingca yakho ngeentsuku ezinomoya. Kungcono ukuwasebenzisa kwakhona la manzi kusetyenziswa indlela etofayo ewagalela kanye kwiingcambu zezityalo amanzi. Indlela yokutofa amanzi engcono ngakumbi yileyo isebenzisa imibhobho ephantsi komhlaba. Sukugalela amanzi amdaka kwizinto eziwathumela kwiidreyini ezisesitalatweni ngoba oko kungangcolisa izixokelelwano zemibhobho yamanzi ezithumela amanzi kwimilambo nemithombo yethu.
Ezi ndlela ziyabiza kodwa ziyafumaneka eKapa. Ukufaka imibhobho yamanzi amdaka kumbaxa. Yenza uphando olunzulu ngale nkqubo yaye uqinisekise ukuba usebenzisa inkampani edumileyo.
Zenza ntoni ezinye izixeko eMzantsi Afrika naphesheya ukonga amanzi?
<fn>GOV-ZA.SR_Brochure_Xhosa_1110200695713_.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Njengabo bonke ooMasipala, iSixeko saseKapa sihlawulisa iRhafu yomhlaba ukuze sizokubanakho ukuhlawula iinkqubo zaso zonikezelo lweenkonzo. Ezi ntlawulo zerhafu zisekelwe kumaxabiso emalike zentengiso amiselwe izakhiwo kunye nemihlaba, njengoko zibonisiwe kumqulu wamaxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba.
Kukho malunga nama 725 000 ezakhiwo ezakhiwe ngokusemthethweni, kwiSixeko - kubandakanywa ezokuhlala, ezoshishino kunye nezinye iintlobo zezakhiwo - kwaye, ngokubhekiselele kuMthetho wooMasipala weRhafu yemiHLaba (ka 2004), lemihlaba nezindlu kufuneka ziqokelelelwe amaxabiso azo, ubuncinane, qho emva kweminyaka emihlanu, khonukuze kuthatyathelwe ingqalelo iinguqululelo kumaxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba kwiimalike zentengiso. Oku kuqinisekisa okokuba uMqulu wamaXabiso ezindlu nemihlaba usoloko uhleli uhambelana nexesha elimiyo kananjalo nerhafu yemihlaba nezindlu ihlawuliswa ngendlela engenamkhethe nenobulungisa.
Minyaka le iSixeko saseKapa siqhuba uqikelelelo lwamaxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba olu sisongezelelo kumqulu wamaxabiso, ngokuqokelela inkcukacha ngamaxabiso emihlaba nezindlu ezintsha kananjalo nezi ngokwandiswa kunye neenguqulelo ezenziweyo kwizindlu ebesele zikhona ngaphambili. Ukuze kwenzeke oku, kufuneka okokuba abaqingqi maxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba beSixeko, abasebenzi kunye nabanikezi-nkonzo abaqeshwe ngokwesivumelwano somsebenzi, bahambele ezozakhiwo kunye nemihlaba ngendlela eqhutywa lonke ixesha.
Ingaba luqhutywa njani uqingqo lwamaxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba?
ISixeko saseKapa sisebenzisa inkqubo efikelela kumazinga akumgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe weyona ndlela iyiyo yokuqhuba lomsebenzi, ukwenzela okokuba amaxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba, aqingqwe ngendlela yenkqubo eyondeleleneyo, yenzululwazi kananjalo engenamkhethe. Emva kwenkqubo yokuhanjelwa kwezakhiwo kunye nemihlaba kananjalo namaxabiso sele ebaliwe, abanikazi mihlaba nezakhiwo bayakuba nethuba lokujonga ixabiso eliqingqelwe izakhiwo nemihlaba yabo, kumqulu wamaxabiso kamasipala. Lomqulu kamasipala wamaxabiso uyakuvuleleka okokuba uphononongwe, kwiindawo nangamaxesha ayakuthi aziswe. Ukuba abanikazi abonelisekanga, bayakuba nakho ukubhena ngeloxabiso baqingqelwe lona, kwaye ukuba esi sibheno sithe samkelwa, eli xabiso liyakuthi lilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Lenkqubo yathi yasetyenziswa kuQingqo lwaMaxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba olwaluyimpumelelo ngo 2001/2002, nolwathi lwamisela umqulu omnye, ofanayo weSixeko saseKapa esitsha.
Ingaba irhafu yezindlu nemihlaba isetyenziselwa ntoni?
Irhafu yezindlu nemihlaba isetyenziswa nguMasipala ukunikeza iinkonzo ezinjengee ndlela, ukukhanyiswa kwezitalato, amajelo aziziseko ezikhukula zamanzi kunye neepaki, ezithi zisetyenziswe ngokwabelana ngumntu wonke kananjalo nezingasetyenziselwa ukwenza imali-ngeniso.
Irhafu ihlawuliswa phantsi koMgaqo-nkqubo weRhafu, nothi uqulunqwe ngumasipala ngamnye emva kwenkqubo yothetha-thethwano kunye noluntu. Lomgaqo-nkqubo walatha indlela iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemihlaba nezakhiwo emaziqingqelwe irhafu kananjalo nokuba zeziphi iindidi eziyakufumana isophulelo. Elona xabiso eli yakuhlawulwa kumnikazi ngamnye wesakhiwo okanye umhlaba, limiselwa ngokwesenti kwirandi nganye, esekelwe kwixabiso lesakhiwo ngasinye ngokuqulathwe kumqulu wamaxabiso. Oku kwenziwa kuHlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwaminyaka le lweSixeko, noluqala ukusebenza ngomhla 1 Julayi ngonyaka ngamnye.
ISixeko saseKapa sihambela izakhiwo ezikumasipala ngokubanzi ukuqokelela inkcukacha zoqingqo lwamaxabiso olwengezelelekileyo kananjalo nezoqingqo lwamaxabiso jikelele, olumiselwe ukuba luqhutywe ngo 2006. Isakhiwo sakho singahanjelwa nangaphezulu kwethuba elinye ngabasebenzi kuqingqo lwamaxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba, ngoko intsebenziswano yakho ngokuthi ubavumele okokuba bangene kwizakhiwo zendlu yakho kuya kuthakazelelwa kakhulu. Kuphela ngokungena kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezikwisiza sakho kunye nango kuqokelela inkcukacha ezichanekileyo malunga nesiza sakho, apho iSixeko esingathi sibenakho ukuqingqa ixabiso laso, elichanekileyo ngokwe malike zentengiso kunye nentlawuliso yerhafu ngendlela engenamkhethe.
Ukuba ngaba andinguye umnikazi-ndlu?
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimiqathango yokuqeshiselana, ngokwesiqhelo abaqashi abadli ngokuba nobutyala/ noxanduva lokuhlawula irhafu. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaqashileyo okanye abahlala kwizindlu bayacelwa okokuba basebenzisane kunye nalenkqubo yoqingqo lwamaxabiso. Abaqashi kunye nabanye abahlali banoxanduva olufanayo njengelo labanikazi-makhaya xa kufikelelwa kumba wokuvuma okokuba kungenwe kwizakhiwo ezi kwiziza zabo.
Ngoobani abaya kuhambela indlu okanye umhlaba wakho?
Abaqokeleli zinkcukacha kunye/okanye nabaqingqi maxabiso bayakuhambela izindlu phakathi kwentsimbi 07:30 kunye 19:00, ukusuka ngoMvulo ukuya ngoMgqibelo njengoko kuvumelekile kuMthetho. Bayakube benxibe ibhibhi ezibonakayo kananjalo bayakuba namakhadi-zazisi anamagama kunye neefoto zabo. Bonke abaqokeleli zinkcukacha baqeqeshiwe kananjalo bakhethwa ngenxa yokuba bangabemi abapheleleyo abathe nkqo kananjalo banyanisekileyo abangazange bophula umthetho. Bayakuziphatha ngembeko xa befika kwikhaya lakho. Musa ukuvumela nabanina othi ungumqokeleli zinkcukacha okanye umqingqi maxabiso, kodwa abe engenazo ukuveza izazisi zakhe ngendlela eyanelisayo, okokuba angene kumzi wakho.
Ukuba unokuthingaza ngoku nyaniseka kwalomqokeleli zinkcukacha, nceda utsale umnxeba kwinombolo ebhalwe kwikhadi-sazisi lalo mqokeleli zinkcukacha, ukuqinisekisa okokuba bagunyazisiwe na ukuba bahambele indlu yakho.
Baza kwenza ntoni abaqokeleli zinkcukacha kunye nabaqingqi maxabiso?
Baya kuqokelela inkcukacha zokuqingqa amaxabiso kunye nezo ziyakusetyenziswa ukuqonda ixabiso lezindlu nemihlaba ngokwemalike zentengiso. Okona zichanekileyo, ziphelele kwaye zilungile inkcukacha, kokona liyakuchaneka ngaphezulu ixabiso ngokwemalike zentengiso. Ukuphumeza oku, abaqokeleli zinkcukacha okanye abaqingqi maxabiso baya kuthabatha umlinganiselo wobukhulu bezakhiwo ezikwisiza sakho baze bazobe umfanekiso waso okanye baqinisekise inkcukacha zalomzobo abasele benawo. Bayakuthi kananjalo babhale phantsi iimpawu zesakhiwo ezinempembelelo kwixabiso nezifunekayo ukuqingqa ixabiso elifanelekileyo.
Ingaba kukho igumbi elizimeleyo ngaphandle kwalapha esizeni?
Ingaba kukho indlu ehlala imoto?
Ingaba kukho igadi na?
Ingaba isakhiwo sisetyenziselwa ushishino okanye ukuhlala na?
Ezi nkcukacha ziyakunceda ukufumana inkcukacha ezichanekileyo zalo ndlu, ngokwemalike zentengiso -oko kukuthi, ixabiso umthengi ofunayo ukuthenga anokuthi alihlawule umthengisi ofuna ukuthengisa kwimalike evulelekileyo. Zonke inkcukacha ezibhalwe ngaba qokeleli zilihlebo kwaye ziya usetyenziswa ngoko lohlobo.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingekho ekhaya?
Ukuba awukho ekhaya xa kufika umqokeleli zinkcukacha, bayakuthi bashiye ikhadi elikuxelela okokuba bebefikile kwaye bekucela okokuba uqhagamshelane nabo khonukuze kunye nivumelane ngosuku abonokuthi bahambele ikhaya lakho ngalo. Kubalulekile okokuba abaqokeleli zinkcukacha bangene kwizakhiwo zendlu yakho ezikwisiza sakho, ngoko ke nceda wenze inzame ezi zizo zokwenza amalungiselelo ngexesha elikulungeleyo, ngokukhawuleza oku kangangoko unako.
Ukuba abaqokeleli zinkcukacha abanakho ukungena kwikhaya lakho, elona xabiso lendlu yakho liyakuqingqwa ngokusekelwe kwinkcukacha ezikhoyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngezakhiwo ezi ngasetyenziselwa ukuhlala?
Uqingqo lwamaxabiso ezi zakhiwo luyinkqubo esoloko iqhubeka. Ukuze uncede ekuqingqeni ixabiso ngokwemalike zentengiso lezi zakhiwo, uxwebhu lwemibuzo liyakuthunyelwa kubanikazi zakhiwo, linoluhlu lwemibuzo malunga nerente, ubungakanani bexesha ekukho abahlali kunye nezinye izinto ezithi zibe negalelo kwixabiso ngokwemalike zentengiso.
Izakhiwo ezingezizo zokuhlala ziyakuhanjelwa ngabaqokeleli zinkcukacha kunye nabaqingqi maxabiso ukuqokelela inkcukacha kananjalo baphonononge ezo nkcukacha ukuqingqa ixabiso ngokwemalike zentengiso, lomqulu wamaxabiso.
Kuthe kwamiselwa isenta yokutsalela kuyo umnxeba, ukunceda abahlawuli-rhafu kunye namalungu oluntu, abanemibuzo malunga noqingqo lwamaxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba.
Enkosi ngomonde kunye nentsebenziswano yakho ngexesha lomsebenzi wokuqokelela inkcukacha. Nceda uqaphele okokuba, njenge nxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokuqinisekisa umgangatho onguwo, walenkqubo, uhambelo olongezelelekileyo kwindlu yakho lungathi lube yimfuneko. Lamaxesha ohambelo angathi aqhutywe kwangumqokeleli zinkcukacha omnye nalowo wokuqala kunye/okanye abantu abamele i-ofisi yoqingqo lwamaxabiso ezindlu nemihlaba yeSixeko saseKapa.
Emva kwenyanga ezimbini emva kokuba abaqokeleli zinkcukacha befikile emzini wakho, abanikazi-zindlu bangathi baqinisekise inkcukacha kwi Ofisi yoQingqo lwamaxabiso yeSixeko.
Nceda uchaze naziphina izinto ezingaqondakaliyo okanye abantu abazenza abaqokeleli zinkcukacha. Oku kwenzelwa ngenxa yokuba nomdla kukhuseleko lwabamelwane bakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Sect14_cultaff_sport_xh.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Unikezelo lweenkonzo zenkxaso kulawulo ngokunxulumene nemisebenzi engundoqo noMphathiswa wephondo.
Unikezelo lwenkonzo yenkxaso.
Ukunyusa umgangatho, ulondolozo kunye nokwandiswa kwenkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni.
Ugcino ngokukhuselekileyo kwakunye nolawulo lweengxelo kwiPhondo kwakunye nokugcinwa kwazo zihlaziywa rhoqo.
Ukunyusa umgangatho wezibonelelo ezoneleyo kunye nokulingana.
Isikhokelo sendlela yokusebenzisa umthetho oyiPromotion of Access to Information Act, 2000, siya kufumaneka kwiKomishoni yaMalungelo oLuntu loMzantsi Afrika ingedlulanga inyanga kaAgasti 2003.
Ifowuni: 011 - 484 8300 Ifaksi: 011 - 484 1360 IWebsite: www.sahra.org.za E-meyile: PAIA@sahra.org.
Umntu owenza isicelo kufuneka asebenzise iFomu A neyenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwimimiselo epapashwe ngokwemiqathango yomthetho oyiAccess to Information Act (Government Notice R233 of March 2001).
Umrhumo wesicelo ngama-R35,00 kwaye ahlawulwa ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenzwe ngeziscelo.
Kukho imimiselo eyenziweyo kule fomu ikhankanywe ngasentla ukuze lowo wenza isicelo abonise ukuba ingaba uyayifuna na ikopi yengxelo okanye ufuna ukuyijonga nje.
Le fomu ikwachazela ocelayo ukuba abonise ukuba luluphi na ulwimi afuna ingxelo le ikhutshwe ngayo, nakuba kungekho zimbophelelo kweli sebe zokuba iguqulwe.
Ocelayo angabonisa kwakhona ukuba ufuna ibe kweyiphi na imo ingxelo leyo (ok.kkt. ibe sephepheni, ibe sekhompyutheni, njl, njl). Kuya kuqhutywa ngale ndlela ngaphandle kokuba ukwenza oku kuye kwaphazamisana neSebe eli ekuqhubeni imisebenzi yalo okanye ngezizathu ezithile akuyi kubakho mvume yokufikelela kule ngxelo iya kukhutshwa kwifomu.
Umrhumo wesicelo kufuneka umntu ocelayo umzekelo xa efuna iikopi zengxelo ecelwayo. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu ocelayo kufuneka akhuphe idiphozithi. Lowo ucelayo angafaka isibheno sangaphakathi malunga nokuhlawula le mirhumo.
yiR50,00. Xa ngaba umntu ocelayo efake isibheno sangaphakathi, kufuneka kuzaliswe uFomu C (ekhutshwa kwiSaziso soRhulumente esinguR233 somhla we 9 kuMatshi 2001).
Xa kuthe inkqubo elandelwayo yokubhena yangaphakathi yarhoxiswa waza umntu ocelayo wabe akakoneliseki ziziphumo, kungadityanwa nenkundla ukuze ibe yiyo ekhupha umyalelo ofanelekileyo.
Ukufikelela kwezi ngxelo kuya kuqhutywa de imirhumo efunekayo ibe ihlawulwe.
Ingcaciso ingacelwa egameni lomnye umntu, kodwa eyona nto ifunelwa yona ingcaciso leyo kufuneka ixelwe.
Ukuba umntu ocelayo akakwazi, ukufunda okanye ukubhala, okanye akakwazi ukuzalisa ifomu ngenxa yokukhubazeka, isicelo eso singenziwa nangomlomo. Igosa lengcaciso, okanye umntu ungummeli, kufuneka ibe nguye ozalisa ifomu.
kusasazwe iingxelo zonyaka, izibhengezo zonyaka, iincwadana zolwazi, iifoto ezinkulu neencwadi naxa kuqhagamshelwane nomntu onjalo ngqo.
Kumaxesha amaninzi, uwiso-mthetho luchaza iinkqubo zokwenza imiba ethile ukuba yaziwe kwakunye nokuba uluntu jikelele luthathe inxaxheba.
Amalungu eKomishoni yezeNkcubeko eNtshona Koloni anyulwa qho kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu oko kusenziwa ngenkqubo ebandakanya noluntu. Eli candelo loluntu ngabameli abamele ezenkcubeko eluntwini kwiNtshona Koloni nabaye banike iingcebiso uMphathiswa ngomgaqo-nkqubo.
Iingcebiso zingenziwa ngqo kuMphathiswa okanye kumalungu eKomishoni yezeNkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni.
Uluntu lusoloko kudityanwa nalo malunga nomgaqo-nkqubo omtsha oko kusenziwa ngeentlanganiso zovakaliso-zimvo nangezibhengezo ezikhutshwa emaphepheni.
Izaziso eziye zikhutshwe kumajelo eendaba, afana neGazethu yePhondo, amaphephandaba ephondo ndawonye namaphephandaba eenqila/awoluntu.
Kuye kwenziwe ucweyo kunye noluntu oluchaphazelekayo.
Konke oku kwenziwa ngokokusetyenziswa kwamagunya kunye nemisebenzi yeKomiti yeeLwimi eyenziwa ngobambiswano nasemva kwendibano emandla kunye noluntu oluchaphazelekayo okanye amaqumrhu achaphazelekayo.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, isicwangciso sokusebenza seeprojekthi zokwenza izibonelelo ezithile zokufakelwa kweenkcukacha ezichaza umntu okanye imibutho ekuya kudityanwa nayo kungenjalo iprojekthi edityanelweyo.
Ukusungula umgaqo-nkqubo, ofana noMgaqo-nkqubo weNtshona Koloni, kwisigaba ngasinye sokuyilwa koxwebhu kuye kuthunyelwe kumaqumrhu achaphazelekayo, afana noomasipala beenqila, ibutho esebenza ngeelwimi nakumasebe orhulumente wephondo kunye namaziko.
Uphando oluqhutywa qho lusenzelwa ukuqononondisa ukuba ziyenzeka iimfuno zamacandelo athile eNtshona Koloni, afana nophicotho kobungakanani bokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ngamasebe orhulumente wephondo ndawonye namaziko kunye noomasipala beenqila.
Umntu ngamnye ndawonye ne/okanye imibutho iyamenywa ukuba ithumele izikhalazo ezimalunga nolwimi kwiKomiti yeeLwimi ize zibhekiswe kwiBhodi yeeLwimi zoMzantsi Afika.
Kuye kubekho iiforam nocweyo oluye luqhutywe kunye namaqela achaphazelekayo afana noonolayibrari.
Kuye kuqhutywe iintlanganiso eququzelayo.
Kumaxesha amaninzi, uwiso-mthetho luchaza iinkqubo zokwenza imiba ethile ukuba yaziwe kwakunye nokuba uluntu jikelele luthathe inxaxheba.
Ukwaziswa kumajelo eendaba, anjengeGazethi yePhondo, amaphephandaba ephondo kunye namaphephandaba engingqi/ kuluntu jikelele.
Kwezinye iimeko kuye kusetyenziswe neeradiyo, ingakumbi izikhululo zamajelo osasazo enqila okanye awoluntu.
Ukuqhuba ucweyo kunye namaqela achaphazelekayo.
Izaziso eziye ziposelwe kwiwebsite yeSebe.
Iincwadi ezifundisayo kunye nezikhokelo ezithi ngaxesha limbi ziyilwe ze zikhutshwe.
Uwiso-mthetho olusebenzayo kwiSebe lunganikeza uhlaziyo lwangaphakathi okanye inkqubo yesibheno. Xa inokuthi le nkqubo ipheliswe, okanye kungabikho malungiselelo awenziweyo kwinkqubo enjalo, kungaqhagamshelwana nenkundla ukuze kufumaneke umyalelo ofanelekileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Sect14_health_xhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Unikezelo lweenkonzo zolawulo olusebenzayo.
Ugcino lwenkqubo yokufayilisha.
Ulungelelaniso lwenkathalelo yonikezelo lweenkonzo zempilo yasengqondweni, kwimimandla kunye nonyango kwixesha likaxakeka.
Uphuhliso, ulungelelaniso kunye novavanyo lweenkqubo eziphawulweyo zeqhinga lobuchule kwezempilo ukuze kugcinwe amalungiselelo nomanyano kwimigangatho iyonke.
Unikezelo lweenkonzo zenkxaso esisigxina.
Unikezelo olusebenzayo lwamalungiselelo olawulo.
Unikezelo lwenkonzo yenkxaso kulawulo lwamasebe asebenza ne-Ofisi eyiNtloko.
Unikezelo lweenkonzo ezisebenzayo zasenkundleni kunye nonyango ngokwasemthethweni.
Ulwakhiwo lophuhliso kunye nolawulo.
OoGqirha abatyandayo kwiziThili iiBhodi zesibhedlele / iiBhodi zeziBonelelo zeMpilo uLawulo loLwazi uCwangciso noLawulo loShishino uPhando iiNkonzo zeeKlinikhi.
Iingxelo zonyango ngeenjongo zenkathalelo yonyango oluqhubekekayo (referral).
Iingxelo zonyango kunye namaxwebhu olawulo angenziwa ukuba afumaneke kwizigulane, abameli bazo ngokwasemthethweni okanye ummeli wasemthethweni othe waqeshwa, kuphela emva kokugqithisa imvume ebhaliweyo esayinwe sisigulane. Akukho lwazi oluya kugqithiswa kuye nawuphina umntu ongomnye.
Lonke upapasho olunxulumene nezempilo ukuquka iincwadana, amaphetshana kunye neebrowutsha ezenziwe ukuba zifumaneke kumaSebe ezeMpilo kwiphondo nezisasazwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo kuluntu jikelele.
lezibonelelo zempilo elikufutshane nawe okanye kwiziko ngokuthi ucele oku kwi-Ofisi yeNtsumpa Jikelele yezeMpilo.
Iikopi zengxelo yonyango zingafumaneka ngokuhlawula umrhumo ochaziweyo kwiziko lezempilo ngokugqitha kwi-ofisi yentloko yeziko elo.
Kukho imimiselo eyenziweyo kule fomu ikhankanywe ngasentla ukuze lowo wenza isicelo abonise ukuba ingaba uyayifuna na ikopi yengxelo okanye ufuna ukuyijonga nje.
Le fomu ikwachazela ocelayo ukuba abonise ukuba luluphi na ulwimi afuna ingxelo le ikhutshwe ngayo, nakuba kungekho zimbophelelo kweli sebe zokuba iguqulwe.
Ocelayo angabonisa kwakhona ukuba ufuna ibe kweyiphi na imo ingxelo leyo (ok.kkt. ibe sephepheni, ibe sekhompyutheni, njl, njl). Kuya kuqhutywa ngale ndlela ngaphandle kokuba ukwenza oku kuye kwaphazamisana neSebe eli ekuqhubeni imisebenzi yalo okanye ngezizathu ezithile akuyi kubakho mvume yokufikelela kule ngxelo iya kukhutshwa kwifomu.
Umrhumo wesicelo kufuneka umntu ocelayo umzekelo xa efuna iikopi zengxelo ecelwayo. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu ocelayo kufuneka akhuphe idiphozithi. Lowo ucelayo angafaka isibheno sangaphakathi malunga nokuhlawula le mirhumo. Umrhumo ohlawulwa ngokuphathelele kwisibheno sangaphakathi yiR50,00. Xa ngaba umntu ocelayo efake isibheno sangaphakathi, kufuneka kuzaliswe uFomu C (ekhutshwa kwiSaziso soRhulumente esinguR233 somhla we 9 kuMatshi 2001).
Xa kuthe inkqubo elandelwayo yokubhena yangaphakathi yarhoxiswa waza umntu ocelayo wabe akakoneliseki ziziphumo, kungadityanwa nenkundla ukuze ibe yiyo ekhupha umyalelo ofanelekileyo.
Ukufikelela kwezi ngxelo kuya kuqhutywa de imirhumo efunekayo ibe ihlawulwe.
Ingcaciso ingacelwa egameni lomnye umntu, kodwa eyona nto ifunelwa yona ingcaciso leyo kufuneka ixelwe.
Ukuba umntu ocelayo akakwazi, ukufunda okanye ukubhala, okanye akakwazi ukuzalisa ifomu ngenxa yokukhubazeka, isicelo eso singenziwa nangomlomo.
Imiba yexesha likaxakeka iqwalaselwa yinkonzo yonyango yexesha likaxakeka. Bangafumaneka kule nombolo: 10177. Kwimiba yexesha likaxakeka, igosa lonyango lexesha likaxakeka liya kusikhwelisa isigulana lisise kwiziko elifanelekileyo lonyango.
Kwimiba engeyiyo eyexesha likaxakeka, isigulane eso siya kufowunela kwiklinikhi ekufutshane naso. Ukuba kufuneka unyango olulodwa, igosa lonyango elinyanga isigulane eso liya kunikeza ileta egqithisela isigulane eso kwisithili, kwisibhedlele esingesinye okanye iziko eliphezulu lonyango ukuze sifumane unyango olungolunye.
Kwimiba yeenkonzo zizonke kwakunye nemibuzo jikelele, uluntu jikelele lunikezwe uluhlu olubanzi lweenombolo zoqhagamshelwano kwincwadi enamaphepha amhlophe yoluhlu lweenombolo zefowuni.
Ukuqukwa koluntu jikelele kumiso lwemigaqo-nkqubo lwenzeka ngeendlela ezohlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeka kumgangatho wokuthatha inxaxheba kwalo okufunekayo.
Iincwadana ezifundisayo kunye nezikhokelo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wesebe unikeza uhlelo ngokutsha lwangaphakathi okanye inkqubo yesibheno.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Sect14_treasury_xhosa.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Unikezelo lwenkonzo yenkxaso kulawulo lwangaphakathi kwiSebe.
Ulawulo lweNgxowa-mali yeMivuzo kwiPhondo.
Uphuhliso kunye nozalisekiso lwezemali kunye nemigangatho yophicotho-zincwadi zemali esisithethe.
Ukwenziwa kweenkonzo zophicotho-zincwadi zemali lisebe kwamanye amasetyana asakhulayo.
Ukumiswa kwemali kunye nolawulo lwezibonelelo zikarhulumente.
Ulawulo longcakazo kunye nemiba yemidyarho.
Ukongamela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweziphatha-mandla zeengingqi.
Unikezelo lwenkxaso kulawulo kunye neenkonzo zeengcebiso kwizibonelelo zikarhulumente kwiBhodi yoQikelelo lwamaxabiso (iBhodi yeThenda).
Impatho yolawulo lwezemali nezibonelelo zikarhulumente.
a Iisetyhula zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye namaxwebhu olwazi anxulumene noku b Uxwebhu lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali Ingxelo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali c Uxwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo wemali karhulumente uMgaqo-nkqubo weMali kaRhulumente eNtshona Koloni d Ingxelo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali e Isikhokhelo sabahlali: uHlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwePhondo leNtshona Koloni f Intengiselwano yokuphela kwenyanga nokuphela konyaka g Imiba yomgaqo-nkqubo we-PERSAL enxulumene neerisithi, iintlawulo kunye nemivuzo h Imigangatho yolawulo lwangaphakathi ngokunxulumene neengxelo zohlolo lwezemali i Amaxwebhu omgaqo-nkqubo: imigaqo yezemali, ukuquka phakathi kwezinye izinto, iisetyhula, imimiselo yecandelo lolawulo-zimali kunye nemiyalelo Iikopi zezi ngxelo ziyafumaneka xa uthe wahlawula umrhumo ochaziweyo kwiCandelwana leeNkonzo zeMali kaRhulumente, Private Bag X9165, Legislature Building, Wale Street, Cape Town. Iikopi zezi ngxelo ziyafumaneka xa uthe wahlawula umrhumo ochaziweyo kwiCandelwana leeNkonzo zoPhicotho-zincwadi zemali, Private Bag X9165, Legislature Building, Wale Street, Cape Town.
Kukho imimiselo eyenziweyo kule fomu ikhankanywe ngasentla ukuze lowo wenza isicelo abonise ukuba ingaba uyayifuna na ikopi yengxelo okanye ufuna ukuyijonga nje.
Le fomu ikwachazela ocelayo ukuba abonise ukuba luluphi na ulwimi afuna ingxelo le ikhutshwe ngayo, nakuba kungekho zimbophelelo kweli sebe zokuba iguqulwe.
Ocelayo angabonisa kwakhona ukuba ufuna ibe kweyiphi na imo ingxelo leyo (ok.kkt. ibe sephepheni, ibe sekhompyutheni, njl, njl). Kuya kuqhutywa ngale ndlela ngaphandle kokuba ukwenza oku kuye kwaphazamisana neSebe eli ekuqhubeni imisebenzi yalo okanye ngezizathu ezithile akuyi kubakho mvume yokufikelela kule ngxelo iya kukhutshwa kwifomu.
Umrhumo wesicelo kufuneka umntu ocelayo umzekelo xa efuna iikopi zengxelo ecelwayo. Kwezinye iimeko, umntu ocelayo kufuneka akhuphe idiphozithi. Lowo ucelayo angafaka isibheno sangaphakathi malunga nokuhlawula le mirhumo. Umrhumo ohlawulwa ngokuphathelele kwisibheno sangaphakathi yiR50,00. Xa ngaba umntu ocelayo efake isibheno sangaphakathi, kufuneka kuzaliswe uFomu C (ekhutshwa kwiSaziso soRhulumente esinguR233 somhla we 9 kuMatshi 2001).
Xa kuthe inkqubo elandelwayo yokubhena yangaphakathi yarhoxiswa waza umntu ocelayo wabe akakoneliseki ziziphumo, kungadityanwa nenkundla ukuze ibe yiyo ekhupha umyalelo ofanelekileyo.
Ukufikelela kwezi ngxelo kuya kuqhutywa de imirhumo efunekayo ibe ihlawulwe.
Ingcaciso ingacelwa egameni lomnye umntu, kodwa eyona nto ifunelwa yona ingcaciso leyo kufuneka ixelwe.
Ukuba umntu ocelayo akakwazi, ukufunda okanye ukubhala, okanye akakwazi ukuzalisa ifomu ngenxa yokukhubazeka, isicelo eso singenziwa nangomlomo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi uwiso-mthetho luchaza iinkqubo ezilandelwayo zokwenza imicimbi yaziwe.
IZILUNGISO EZIKHOYO NGOKUNXULUMENE NEMITHETHO OKANYE UKUNGAPHUMELELI KOMTHETHO ICANDELO 14 (h) Uwiso-mthetho olusebenzayo kwiSebe lunganikeza uhlaziyo lwangaphakathi okanye inkqubo yesibheno. Xa inokuthi le nkqubo ipheliswe, okanye kungabikho malungiselelo awenziweyo kwinkqubo enjalo, kungaqhagamshelwana nenkundla ukuze kufumaneke umyalelo ofanelekileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Service_plan_page_26_evaluation_.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Uphononongo lweenkonzo kunyaka-mali odlulileyo: ncedani nisebenzise iSicwangciso seeNkonzo ebenisifake kulo nyaka uphelileyo ukuhlola iinguqu, kunye nefuthe okanye ifuthe lombutho wenu kunye neenkonzo obonelela ngazo. Eminye imibutho ityikitye isivumelwano kunye neSebe kwaye kufuneke ukuba imane ifaka iingxelo zenkqubela-phambili rhoqo. Olu phononongo ke ngoko luza kuba sisishwankathelo sezi ngxelo ukuba ngaba bekufuneke ukuba nizingenise iingxelo kulo nyaka-mali udlulileyo.
Ulawulo: Bhekisani kwimiba efana nokuba - ingaba kukho amalungu amatsha onyuliweyo na Ingaba kuye kwaqeqeshwa amalungu amatsha na Ingaba isigqeba esilawulayo siwuthathela ingqalelo na uMgaqo-siseko waseMzantsi Afrika / uluntu lwenu Ingaba ikomiti elawulayo/ibhodi yenu ibibamba iindibano rhoqo okanye ingaba bekukho iingxaki malunga noku na, ukuba ngaba kunjalo, yintoni ebangele oko Ingaba abalawuli bayakwazi na okuqulethwe kwiSicwangciso seeNkonzo/kuye kwaxoxwa ngaso kunye nekomiti/ibhodi Ingaba sikhona isicwangciso sabantu abaza kungena ezikhundleni lakuphela ixesha labo basezikhundleni ngoku; uthini uMgaqo-siseko malunga nexesha elivumelekileyo lokuba umntu abe lilungu ngalo Ingaba abalawuli baye bazibeka esweni iinkonzo kwaye oku kwenziwe kanjani?
Abasebenzi: Ingaba amanani abasebenzi awuthathela ingqalelo umgaqo-nkqubo we-EE (ulingano engqeshweni) Ingaba baye baqeqeshwa na abasebenzi Zibe yintoni iziphumo nefuthe loqeqesho Ingaba abasebenzi bebelawulwa rhoqo ngabaphathi Ingaba abasebenzi bebebandakanywa ekuthatyathweni kwezigqibo nakwizicwangciso Ame njani amanani abantu abayekileyo emsebenzini; ingaba oku kuye kwadala iingxaki ekuqhubekeni kakuhle kweenkozo Ingaba baye bahlolwa abasebenzi ukuba bawenza kanjani na umsebenzi wabo?
ISicwangciso soPhunyezo: Xoxani ngeziphumo zeenkonzo nemisebenzi njengoko kubalulwe kwisicwangciso seenkonzo sangaphambili. Kuphunyezwe ntoni Yintoni imiqobo kunye neengxaki okanye iingxaki ezithe zafunyaniswa?
Unxibelelwano kunye neminye imibutho namanye amaqela: ibiyintoni injongo yonxibelelwano (isivumelwano sentsebenziswano) kunye ne-ofisi yesithili yeSebe kunye namanye amaqela athabatha inxaxheba eluntwini Zibe yintoni iziphumo zolu nxibelelwano/isivumelwano sokusebenza: ingaba kuye kwaphucukana ukubonelelwa kweenkonzo, kwenze igalelo kwimpumelelo yeenkonzo/imisebenzi/imicimbi ecwangcise kunye ngala maqela Ingaba kubekho iingxaki na kwaye ziye zasonjululwa njani na?
Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali: Ingaba imicimbi/iiprojekthi ziye zabelwa iindleko zazo kwaye bezifanelekile na ezi ndleko ngokwezicwangciso kunye nemicimbi eqhutyiweyo Ingaba uzinzile na umbutho wenu Nikwazile na ukufumana inkxaso-mali kweminye imithombo Ngawaphi amathuba eninawo okonyusa ingxowa-mali eluntwini lwenu?
kwisivumelwano seenkonzo ingathotyelwa na, ukuba akwenzeki, yintoni ebangela oko Ingaba imiba yexesha elide ibandakanyiwe na kwesi sicwangciso seenkqubo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11429.6759.6759.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iinkonzo zempilo yezilwanyana iinkonzo zokuphawulwa kwemfuyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kulandelwa imigangatho yezempilo efanelekileyo xa kuxhelwa izilwanyana ulawulo lweentengiso neentengo kwamanye amazwe.
ICandelo loMlawuli weSizwe, kwiiNkonzo zoNyango lweZilwanyana lilo elinonoxanduva lokulawula izifo zezilwanyana nokunika iingxelo ngazo apha eMzantsi Afrika ngeenjongo zokuthintela ukusuleleka kwezinye izilwanyana nokuthintela abantu ekutyeni inyama enesifo.
ICandelo loMlawuli eli linoxanduva lokulawula izifo zezilwanyana ezinobungozi kakhulu.
Likhupha inkcazelo ngezi zifo lichaze nokuba zifanele ukuqwalaselwa njani na.
Lilawula ukungena kwezilwanyana kwimida yeli lizwe ngeenjongo zokuthintela ukungena kwezifo eziza nezilwanyana ezivela kwamanye amazwe amelene neli.
Lilawula ukungena nokuphuma kwezilwanyana kwezo ndawo nezo ngingqi ziphantsi kolawulo olusisigxina.
Lixilonga liqinisekise usuleleko ngokwenza uvavanyo kwiiLaboratri zikaRhulumente.
Libeka isimiselo sokuba oogqirha bezilwanyana mabazichaze izifo umthetho ogunyazisa ukuba mazichazwe kweli iSebe.
Kukho nenkqubo yobhaliso esetyenziswayo yokugcina uluhlu lweempawu ezizodwa zabo bonke abanini bempahla. Apha eMzantsi Afrika kunyanzelekile ukuba impahla ibe neempawu ezisisigxina ezibhalisiweyo kwiCandelo loLawulo lweeNkonzo zoNyango lweZilwanyana.
Xa ngaba ufuna inkcazelo malunga nokuba iimpawu zinokuba njani na, nokuba izilwanyana zifanele ukuphawulwa nini na, nceda ujonge uXwebhu lweNkcukacha ngoPhawulo lweZilwanyana lweSebe eli.
Iimpawu zezilwanyana zinakho ukuba zidluliselwe komnye umfuyi ngomnye ngokuthi kungeniswe ifomu yesicelo sokudluliselana ekufuneka ukuba nayo ithunyelwe kwakule dilesi inikezelwe ngentla apha.
Xa imfuyo ithengiswa kufuneka ukuba kuzaliswe ifomu yoxwebhu lweempawu. Umntu ongumthengi ke kufuneka ukuba le fomu ayigcine isithuba sonyaka njengobungqina bokuba ngenene imfuyo leyo wayithenga.
ICandelo loMlawuli weSizwe, kwiiNkonzo zoNyango lweZilwanyana linoxanduva lokuqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo nemigaqo ejoliswe ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kuhanjwa ngokwemigangatho yococeko efanelekileyo xa kuxhelwa impahla exhelelwa ukutyiwa, khona ukuze abantu bafumane inyama ekufaneleyo ukutyiwa ngabantu nazizilwanyana. Kananjalo likwaqulunqa nemigaqo yokuphathwa nokugcinwa kwakunye nokuhanjiswa kwaloo nyama nezinye ke izinto eziyimveliso evela ezilwanyaneni, phaya ezilarhipali naxa zithathwa ukusuka khona.
Iziphathamandla zephondo kwakunye nezoomasipala zizo ezinoxanduva lokusebenzisa le mithetho nale migaqo. Isikakhulu ke loo nto ziyenza ngokusebenzisa abahloli bezempilo. ICandelo eli liye laqulunqa incwadana yezikhokelo zabahloli benyama ejoliswe ekunikeni abahloli aba zonke iinkcukacha kwakunye nezikhokelo ezinokubanceda.
Luxanduva lweCandelo loMlawuli weSizwe, kwiiNkonzo zoNyango lweZilwanyana ukulawula iintengiso neentengo kwamanye amazwe.
Phambi kokuba uthumele izilwanyana eziphilayo okanye iimveliso zezilwanyana kwelinye ilizwe, kufuneka ukuba uhambe ngokwemithetho nemiqathango yococeko yelo lizwe. Loo nto ke isenokubandakanya nokuba ufumane iSiqinisekiso seMpilo. Inkcazelo ngale miqathango nezi mfuneko iyafumaneka phaya kwiiNkonzo zoNyango lweZilwanyana.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11440.20865.20865.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe.
Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana?
Sifakwa njani isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela lexeshana?
nencwadana yokundwendwela esebenzayo neyamkelekayo/iphetshana lokundwendwela elikuvumela ukuba uhlale kwelo lizwe ixesha ofuna ukulihlala iphepha-mvume lexeshana elisebenzayo, ukuba liyafunwa imali eyaneleyo itikiti lokubuya / lokuhamba isiqinisekiso sokugonyelwa icesina emthubi ukuba uhamba kwingingqi egqugqiswa yicesina emthubi okanye kuMzantsi Melika.
Abantu abangenazo iincwadana zokundwendwela zaseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka bafake izicelo zamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela exeshana. Oku kuquka abantu abafuna ukuza eMzantsi Afrika ukuza kutya ikhefu okanye abazele ushishino.
Okunye, iindwendwe ezisuka kumazwe athile nazo aziwadingi amaphepha-mvume phantsi kwemiqathango ethile.
Kufuneka uququzelele iphetshana elivumela ukundwendwela lexeshana phambi kokuba ufike eMzantsi Afrika. Awunako ukufaka isicelo sokungena ixeshana xa sele ukumazibuko okungena eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba kukho ummeli wozakuzo okanye wabameli-lizwe kwilizwe lakho, kufuneka ufake isicelo sakho semvume yexeshana yokundwendwela apho.
Khumbula ukuba awunakukwazi ukufaka isicelo sokundwendwela xa sele ungenile eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukungena kwakho kwizibuko lokungena eMzantsi Afrika, umzekelo, KwiSikhululo SeeNqwelo-moya Samazwe ngamazwe saseRhawutini, uya kunikwa imvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana, eyakube ithatha indawo yephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana futhi ibeke nexesha oza kulihlala kweli lizwe.
Le mvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana kufuneka igcinwe isebenza yaye isicelo sokwandiswa u-BI- 159 sinokufakwa nakweyiphi na I-ofisi yengingqi okanye yesithili yeSebe Lemicimbi YezeKhaya Emzantsi.
unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokundwendwela uhlawule intlawulo eyi-R425.00 okanye I-US$47 okanye I- e43 yephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana, ukuba iyafuneka, khangela kuluhlu lwamazwe amelwe kukuhlawula iintlawulo zamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela exeshana ubonise ukuba sele ulihlawulele itikiti lokundiza.
Ukuba sifakiwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendela okwexeshana ngezoshishino, kusafuneka ubonise incwadi yesimemo esuka kulo nkampani yaseMzantsi Afrika uze kuyindwendwela, kwakunye nencwadi esuka kwinkampani oyisebenzelayo.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha ngendlela yokufaka isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika okwexeshana, qhagamshelana nommeli wozakuzo kwakunye nowabameli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika okanye undwendwele I-website yeSebe LemiCimbi YezeKhaya elikufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11441.10050.10050.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo inikezelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngentsebenziswano neNkonzo Yethala Leencwadi yeNtshona Koloni. Amathala eencwadi ngamaziko olwazi kubantwana nabantu abadala. Uluntu lunakho ukufumana okanye luboleke iincwadi, iincwadi ezincedisa ekufundiseni, amacwecwe omculo, imiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, amacwecwe okugcina ulwazi, amaphepha-ndaba kwakunye namaphepha aveliswa ngamaxesha athile kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nabo.
Amathala eencwadi yinkonzo yoluntu ekhuthaza ukufunda, ephuhlisa ulwazi oluphangaleleyo, ebonelela ngokubukelwa kwemiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, eququzelela iintshukumo, yaye ebonelela ngeenkqubo zeholide kubafundi kwakunye neeyure zamabali kwiimveku. IiKona zamaShishini Asakhulayo kumathala eencwadi athile zibonelela ngoncwadi oluneengcebiso zoshishino kubantu abanamashishini.
Ikhadi lethala leencwadi liyafuneka ukuze ukwazi ukuboleka, ukubuyisa okanye ukuphinda kubolekwe impahla yethala leencwadi elo. Amalungu ethala leencwadi anakho ukufaka izicelo zokuboleka kumanye amathala eencwadi. Amathala eencwadi akwanikezela ngeenkonzo zokukopa kuluntu yaye amanye anikezela nge-internet simahla.
Ubulungu bexeshana buyafumaneka kubaboleki abasebenzisa amathala eencwadi angaphandle kweengingqi zoomaspala babo.
Ikhadi lobulungu bethala leencwadi linikezelwa xa ubhalisa kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nalapho uhlala khona. Kufuneka uye nencwadana yakho yesazisi ze ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo sekhadi lethala leencwadi. Uya kulifumana ikhadi lakho lobulungu ngeposi kwiiveki nje ezimbini.
Ubulungu Bethala Leencwadi busimahla.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11443.10842.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ichaza imisebenzi yeNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso kwanokuba zingafikeleleka njani ezinye iinkonzo zayo. Ifanele ingakumbi umntu osaqala phantsi ishishini, kodwa ke zikwakho neenkonzo ezifanele nezinokuba lulutho kwiinkampani namashishini amakhulu.
Yintoni iNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso?
Ingxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso yaphindwa yasekwa kwakhona ngenyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2004 nguMphathiswa Wezoshishino Neentengiso uMandisi Mpahlwa ukuze iphinde ijongane futhi ihlaziye ezi njongo.
Khawufunde banzi ngembali yayo kwiwebsite yayo.
Eyona njongo yayo kukukhokela iinzame zokuqinisekisa ukulingana ngokoqoqosho neenguqu, oko ke ibe kukwandisa amathuba ezabelo kwezi nzame zophuhliso.
Ukuwiswa kwetshata yophuhliso ephangaleleyo, imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente kwakunye nezinye iitshata zamanye amacandelo; kwakunye nendlela eyiyo yokuqonda iimfuno zentengiso zangoku kukhokelele kwigunya elitsha nalo elithe lakhokelela kwiintsika eziphuhlileyo zentsebenzo kushishino llwale ngxowa-mali.
Iinkonzo Zeengcebiso, eziya kujongana nemigangatho ngokulandelelana kwayo kwakunye nokuqinisekiswa kokusebenza kweetshata kurhulumente kwakunye neenkampani zabucala.
Iinkonzo Zeenguqu Kumashishini Abucala, eziya kuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqu ezijoliswe kumashishini abucala nakumanqanaba emimandla zihlala zisenzeka ngendlela ethile eqingqwe ngokuqwalaselwa kwemiba yesizwe ebalulekileyo.
Iinkonzo Zokwenziwa Kweemalike, eziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekujonganeni amathuba okutyala kwinkqubo yohuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama, mathuba lawo aya kuqinisekisa ukugcinakala kobunini kwakunye neenguqu kwalapha kweli candelo leHDP.
Iinkqubo Zamaqela Nezabanini-mashishini, uphuhliso lwamashishini kwakunye nokusebenzisana ngendlela yokuseka iintlangano ezinefuthe leenkampani ezahlukeneyo ukuphuhlisa iinkonzo neemveliso.
Uthini uMgaqo weNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso?
Le ngxowa-mali ijolise ekuxhaseni ngezimali amaqela ophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama azimiseleyo ekusebenzeni ngendlela eya kuba nefuthe elililo kwiintshukumo zoqoqsho ngokuphakamisa amathuba eenguqu.
Kujoliswe ikakhulu kuphuhliso lwemimandla neendawo zokuhlala ukuzama ukuncedisana nokukhula kwamashishini.
Ingxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso iya kunikezela nangenkonzo yeengcebiso ngophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama kurhulumente namashishini abucala ukuncedisana nokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwale tshata kuwo onke amacandelo.
Le ngxowa-mali iya kuba nefuthe elibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso lwesicwangciso-qhinga ukwandisa iinguqu kwezo ngingqi nakuloo macandelo kujoliswe kuwo kuqoqosho.
Le ngxowa-mali iya kuncedisana noluntu oluhlala kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ekuziphuculeni ngokusebenzisa ezi nkonzo zinikezelwayo apha.
Le ngxowa-mali iya kusebenza njengesikhundla seengxoxo namashishini abucala kwisicwangciso-qhinga sawo soshishino nesemizi-mveliso ngeenjongo zokuza neenguqu nokuqinisekisa uphuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama.
Le ngxowa-mali iya kusebenza njengomngeneleli phakathi kwamacandelo amashishini abucala, awaseburhulumenteni kwakunye nawophuhlisa kwiinjongo zokuza neenguqu nezokuqinisekisa ukuphuhliswa koqoqosho lwabamnyama kuquka uphuhliso lwamashishini.
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo Senkxaso-mali?
Iintshukumo zenkxaso-mali zale Ngxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso okwakaloku nje zisajolise ikakhulu kwiNkxaso Yabanini-mashishini, ekho kwicandelo Leenkqubo Zamaqela Nabanini-mashishini. Le nkonzo inikezela ngeemveliso kwanenkxaso-mali kumashishini ukuxhasa abo banini-mashishini baseMzantsi Afrika babesakuhleleleka ngaphambili. Inkxaso Kubanini-mashishini inikezela ngokulingabna nokuncediswa ekuhlawuleni amatyala ngokwemigaqo yenkxaso-mali, ngeeniongo zophuhliso.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11443.63137.63137.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uqeqesho luyafumaneka kubakhi njengengxenye yeNkqubo Eyandisiweyo Yemisebenzi Yoluntu.
Injongo kukuphuhlisa abakhi abasakhasayo babe ngabakhi abazimele ngokugqibeleleyo abakwaziyo ukuqhuba futhi bamelane neemfuno zamaphulo adinga abasebenzi abaninzi. Kugxininiswa ekuphuhliseni abanini-mashishini, amashishini kwanezakhono ezinqabileyo.
Abakhi abafaka izicelo kufuneka bafake izicelo njengeqela elimalungu angabantu abathathu: umakhi oza kungenela izifundo zokwakha zenqanaba lesibini le-NQF kunye nabaqeqeshi bendawo yokwakha abaza kungenela izifundo zenqanaba lesine le-NQF.
Abe wenze izifundo kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo ukuba ugqibe ibanga lesibhozo nangaphezulu. Abafaki-zicelo abanebanga lesibhozo kufuneka bafumane iRecognition of Prior Learning ze bayingenise ngaphambi kosuku lokuvala.
Abe ukulungele ukuzifaka kwisibhambathiso esinokuthabatha ukuya kuma kwiminyaka emibini kwizifundo zeeNkampani Zokwakha zenqanaba lesibini leNQF.
Kufuneka ubuncinci abe namashumi amahlanu ananye eepesenti amagunya obunini kuloo nkampani futhi abe ngumphathi okanye umlawuli ophetheyo.
Babe bakulungele ukuzifaka kwisibhambathiso saxesha lonke esiya kufikelela kwiminyaka emibini sezifundo zokuba ngabaqeqeshi beendawo Yokusebenzela zenqanaba lesine.
Babe bebekhe baqeshwa yinkampani okanye umntu owakhayo ubuncinci ixesha elingangeli lezifundo zokwakha.
Ubuncinci amashumi amahlanu eepesenti zabafundi abachongiweyo kufuneka babe batsha (oko ke kukuthi babe ngaphantsi kwamashumi amathathu anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala).
Le Nkqubo yezifundo ijolise kwabo bantu bachazwe ngentla apha, ngokwemigaqo ye-Affirmative Action, abaya kuba nawona mathuba mahle okuphumelela njengeenkampani zabakhi ezincinci.
amava kwicandelo lokushishina ngokwakha amava okuba ngumnini/okuqhuba okanye okulawula ishishini izifundo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu kunezo zikhankanyiweyo ukuba nakho ukufumana okanye ukuba nezixhobo okanye impahla enokuba lulutho kwinkampani leyo yokwakha.
Onke amaphepha ezicelo kufuneka egcwalisiwe. Ukungagcwaliswa ngokugqibeleleyo okanye ukungangeniswa kwala maphepha ezicelo kuya kukhokelela ekukhutshweni komfaki-sicelo kule nkqubo.
Abafaki-zicelo abadluliselwe kwinqanaba elilandelayo kwinkqubo yokuchonga kuya kufuneka bahlalele uviwo olubhalwayo.
Kuya kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo eziya kusekezelwa kumanqaku neziya kuxhomekeka kwiziphumo zeemviwo, amava, i-affirmative action kwanezifundo umntu anazo.
Amaphepha ezicelo aya kusasazwa kwiintlangano zengcaciso, yaye abantu abangazizimasiyo ezi ntlangano abayi kuba nakho ukufaka izicelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11443.63137.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uqeqesho luyafumaneka kubakhi njengengxenye yeNkqubo Eyandisiweyo Yemisebenzi Yoluntu.
Injongo kukuphuhlisa abakhi abasakhasayo babe ngabakhi abazimele ngokugqibeleleyo abakwaziyo ukuqhuba futhi bamelane neemfuno zamaphulo adinga abasebenzi abaninzi. Kugxininiswa ekuphuhliseni abanini-mashishini, amashishini kwanezakhono ezinqabileyo.
Abakhi abafaka izicelo kufuneka bafake izicelo njengeqela elimalungu angabantu abathathu: umakhi oza kungenela izifundo zokwakha zenqanaba lesibini le-NQF kunye nabaqeqeshi bendawo yokwakha abaza kungenela izifundo zenqanaba lesine le-NQF.
Abe wenze izifundo kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo ukuba ugqibe ibanga lesibhozo nangaphezulu. Abafaki-zicelo abanebanga lesibhozo kufuneka bafumane iRecognition of Prior Learning ze bayingenise ngaphambi kosuku lokuvala.
Abe ukulungele ukuzifaka kwisibhambathiso esinokuthabatha ukuya kuma kwiminyaka emibini kwizifundo zeeNkampani Zokwakha zenqanaba lesibini leNQF.
Kufuneka ubuncinci abe namashumi amahlanu ananye eepesenti amagunya obunini kuloo nkampani futhi abe ngumphathi okanye umlawuli ophetheyo.
Babe bakulungele ukuzifaka kwisibhambathiso saxesha lonke esiya kufikelela kwiminyaka emibini sezifundo zokuba ngabaqeqeshi beendawo Yokusebenzela zenqanaba lesine.
Babe bebekhe baqeshwa yinkampani okanye umntu owakhayo ubuncinci ixesha elingangeli lezifundo zokwakha.
Ubuncinci amashumi amahlanu eepesenti zabafundi abachongiweyo kufuneka babe batsha (oko ke kukuthi babe ngaphantsi kwamashumi amathathu anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala).
Le Nkqubo yezifundo ijolise kwabo bantu bachazwe ngentla apha, ngokwemigaqo ye-Affirmative Action, abaya kuba nawona mathuba mahle okuphumelela njengeenkampani zabakhi ezincinci.
amava kwicandelo lokushishina ngokwakha amava okuba ngumnini/okuqhuba okanye okulawula ishishini izifundo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu kunezo zikhankanyiweyo ukuba nakho ukufumana okanye ukuba nezixhobo okanye impahla enokuba lulutho kwinkampani leyo yokwakha.
Onke amaphepha ezicelo kufuneka egcwalisiwe. Ukungagcwaliswa ngokugqibeleleyo okanye ukungangeniswa kwala maphepha ezicelo kuya kukhokelela ekukhutshweni komfaki-sicelo kule nkqubo.
Abafaki-zicelo abadluliselwe kwinqanaba elilandelayo kwinkqubo yokuchonga kuya kufuneka bahlalele uviwo olubhalwayo.
Kuya kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo eziya kusekezelwa kumanqaku neziya kuxhomekeka kwiziphumo zeemviwo, amava, i-affirmative action kwanezifundo umntu anazo.
Amaphepha ezicelo aya kusasazwa kwiintlangano zengcaciso, yaye abantu abangazizimasiyo ezi ntlangano abayi kuba nakho ukufaka izicelo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11444.10416.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wesgro inenkqubo Yophuhliso Lweentwngiso Kumazwe Angaphandle enikezela ngezifundo noqeqesho ngeentengiso kumazwe angaphandle kumashishini asakhasayo ambalwa nakhethekileyo alapha eNtshona Koloni ngeenjongo zokuphucula izakhono zawo zokukhuphisana namanye amashishini amazwe angaphandle.
Inqanaba Lokuqala Lokwazisa Ngeentengiso Kumazwe Angaphandle: Ezi zifundo zithatha iintsuku ezimbini ziquka ulawulo lweentengiso kumazwe angaphandle, isicwangciso sophuhliso lwenkqubo yokwazisa ngemveliso, ulawulo lwezimali kwakunye namacebo okuthengisela amazwe angaphandle.
Inqanaba Lesibini Elingokwazisa kolu Shishino: Ezi zifundo, ezinikwa abo basele bedlulile kwizifundo zenqanaba lokuqala, linika amashishini izakhono ngeenzuzo zokuthengisela amazwe angaphandle, ukufumanisa imingcipheko neengozi zezi ntengiso, amacebo okwazisa ngemveliso yakho kwakunye namanqanaba olu shishino. Ezi zifundo ke ziqhutywa usuku lonke rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezilishumi, de ezo ntsuku zibe sibhozo emva kweenyanga ezintathu.
Inqanaba Lesithathu Lezifundo Zeengcali kweli Shishini: Ezi ke zezamashishini asele enamava ekuthengeseleni abathengi bamashishini amanye amazwe kodwa abadinga olunye uqeqesho lweencutshe. Imiba ekhoyo ke apha iquka iIncoterms 2000 kwakunye neendleko zokuthengisa ngaphandle, iindlela zokuhlawula kwakunye neentengiso kumazwe angaphandle ndawonye neempepha ezisetyenziswayo apha nendima yeemali zamanye amazwe kushishino lwamazwe amaninzi.
iWesgro le ikwanikezela nangothotho lweendibano zoqeqesho neengcebiso ingakumbi kwiinkampani ezibhalisele ukugqiba inqanaba lesibini lezi zifundo. Iinkqubo yeengcebiso inikezelwa ngaxesha-nye neenkqubo zoqeqesho, apho abacebisi basiwa kwwinkampani emva kokuba zinikwe uvavanyo lokulungela ukuthengisela abathengi bamanye amazwe.
Ixabiso linye kuphela elifunekayo yimali yokubhalisa engama- R400. Nangona kunjalo udingeka ukuba kwakhona uhlawule imali eli- R1000 eyidipozithi eya kuphinda ibuyiselwe kuwe wakuba uzigqibile izifundo zakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11453.10479.10479.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Nawuphi na umntu onqwenelela ukuthengisa, ukwenza nokuhambisa utywala ngokwasemthethweni ngokomthetho kufuneka abe nephepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala.
Xa unokurhweba ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume, waphula umthetho yaye amapolisa angakuthathela amanyathelo omthetho, avale ishishini lakho yaye athimbe izinto zakho.
IBhodi yoTywala yePhondo isebenzisana nokukhupha amaphepha-mvume otywala.
Amaphepha-mvume okuthengisa utywala afuna ukuhlaziywa rhoqo ngonyaka.
Uluntu lungafaka inkcaso ekubeni kukhutshwe iphepha-mvume. IBhodi yokuthengiswa kotywala iya kusiphonononga isicelo nazo zonke nezikhalazo ezifumanekileyo yaye iya kubona ukuba mayisamkele okanye isikhabe isicelo eso.
IBhodi yoTywala inakho ukunikezela ngephepha-mvume elinemiqathango.
Ukuphunyezwa kwephepha-mvume phantsi kwesiqinisekiso sokwahlulwa kommandla okanye ngenxa yokuphunyezwa ngumaspala wakho ukuba ungayisebenzisa.
Uthintelo lokuqinisekisa ukuba iphepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala lisetyenziswa kuphela ngenjongo ebicelelwa zona, umzekelo, ukuba indawo yokutyela ingabi yondawo yokuzonwabisa yasebusuku.
Ukuba izakhiwo zakho ezinesiqinisekiso zidala inkathazo kuLuntu, abangabamelwane bakho bangafaka isikhalazo. Amapolisa aya kumthathela amanyathelo uMrhwebi. Ukuba ingxaki iyaphikelela, iBhodi yoTywala ingabamba intlanganiso ize yakuva ibeke iimeko kwisiqinisekiso okanye iyichithe okanye iyimise ukuba ingasebenza iphepha-mvume elo.
Wasitsala isigwebo sakho entolongweni ngaphandle kokuhlawula imali kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo. (iBhodi ingenza umnyinyiva kwezinye iimeko).
Ungumfazi okanye umyeni waba bantu kuthethwa ngabo ngentla apha.
Unakho ukusifaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso sokuthengisa utywala ngokwegqwetha okanye umcebisi wotywala okanye ungafaka isicelo wena ubuqu.
Iphepha Lesicelo liyafumaneka kwiThala leencwadi loMzantsi Afrika eKapa, okanye ke mhlawumbi usengayithenga incwadana yemimiselo epapashiweyo mayela noMthetho woTywala, equkaiphetshana lesicelo lokuqala. Eli phetshana lokwenza isicelo liphuma libe ziikopi ezintathu, zihamba kunye nekopi yokuqala yoMphathi Wamapolisa Othunyiweyo kwakunye nekopi yeBhodi yoTywala.
Hlanganisa uludwe lwenkcukacha lokuxhasa isicelo sakho, njengesiqinisekiso sokuba unayo indawo osebenza kuyo. Kwakhona fakela uludwe lwenkcukacha lwezakhiwo, njengemifanekiso yombala okanye uluhlu lwenkcazelo, ikopi yoludwe lwezipheko ukuba ukutya kuyanikezelwa kumye nengcebiso zomgangatho, ezibonisa imeko kunye nemilinganiselo yamacango, iifestile, kunye neetafile kwakunye nokuma kwezitalato neendawo zokuphuma.
Isicelo kufuneka sichwethezwe singabhalwa ngesandla.
Intlawulo yesicelo emisiweyo kufuneka ihlawuliwe kwi-ofisi yokuhlala yokwamkela iintlawulo zemali kaRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika (iSARS) yaye isiqinisekiso sokuba kuhlawuliwe kufuneka sihlanganiswe kwisicelo eso.
Kwiiveki ezimbini eziphambi kokuba isicelo sithunyelwe kuMantyi, isaziso sokuba uza kwenza oko kufuneka sithunyelwe kuBashicileli bakaRhulumente ePitoli ukuze zipapashwe kwiPhepha-ndaba likaRhulumente kuLwesihlanu wokuqala enyangeni. Isaziso esikwiPhepha-ndaba likaRhulumente siso kuphela isaziso sesicelo esinikezelwe eLuntwini.
UMphathi Owonyuliweyo waMapolisa weSithili uyakudlulisa ingxelo kuMantyi kwiintsuku ezingama- 35. UMphathi lo uyakwazisa imbutho yamapolisa oLuntu okuhlala okanye iqumrhu labahlawuli berhafu ngesicelo eso.
Ukuba akukhange kubekho nkcaso ifumanekileyo kwaye ingxelo yamapolisa ifumanekile, isicelo singathunyelwa kwiBhodi yoTywala.
IBhodi yoTywala iya kuqaphelisisa isicelo ngasinye ngokuphathelele kumfaki-sicelo, kwizakhiwo kwakunye nomdla woLuntu.
Ukuthobela izikhokelo ezimisiweyo apha akuqinisekisi mpumelelo yakuba isicelo siya kuvunywa. Umthetho wotywala kwakunye nemimiselo yayo inzima yaye aBafaki-sicelo kufuneka bafune iingcebiso zeenkunkqele ngokuphathelele ekusebenzeni kwawo.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana neBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona-Koloni.
Kukho intlawulo yesicelo engama- R200.
iphepha-mvume elikhethekileyo (lendawo yokuhlala) - R1000ukuba usebenzisa igqwetha okanye ingcali ezimeleyo useya kuhlawuliswa ezinye iindleko zale nkonzo. Le ntlawulo yahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwigqwetha/ngcali leyo. Kukho intlawulo ekhutshwa minyaka le ungadlulanga umhla wama-31 kweyoMnga. Ukungaphumeleli ukukhupha ezo ntlawulo zonyaka kwangethuba kungakhokelela ekuphelelweni kwephepha-mvume lakho lokuthengisa utywala futhi kuya kufuneka uphinde ufake isicelo selinye iphepha-mvume.
Kukho intlawulo yesicelo engama- R200.
iphepha-mvume elikhethekileyo (lendawo yokuhlala) - R1000ukuba usebenzisa igqwetha okanye ingcali ezimeleyo useya kuhlawuliswa ezinye iindleko zale nkonzo. Le ntlawulo yahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwigqwetha/ngcali leyo. Kukho intlawulo ekhutshwa minyaka le ungadlulanga umhla wama-31 kweyoMnga. Ukungaphumeleli ukukhupha ezo ntlawulo zonyaka kwangethuba kungakhokelela ekuphelelweni kwephepha-mvume lakho lokuthengisa utywala futhi kuya kufuneka uphinde ufake isicelo selinye iphepha-mvume.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11456.9577.9577.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ulixhoba lobundlobongela basekhaya kwaye umntu okuphatha gadalalangumntu owalamene naye ngokwasekhaya, ungenza isicelo somyalelo wokhuseleko phantsi komthetho obizwa ngokuba yi-Domestic Violence Act. Umyalelo wokhuseleko uneemeko ezithile ezimisa ukuba lo mntu okuphatha gadalala angazenzi. Ukuba lo mntu ukuphatha gadalala uthe akazithobela ezi meko, angabanjwa. Ukuba oku kuphathwa gadalala kuquka isenzo solwaphulo-mthetho, kungafakwa isimangalo sokwenza ityala elinjalo.
La magama 'ukwalamana ngokwasekhaya' aquka ukwalamana ngeendlela ezininzi.
Nabelana okanye kutshanje nihlala kwikhaya elinye okanye kwindawo yokuhlala enye.
Xa ningahlali kunye, ukungena kwisakhiwo sakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho.
Nayiphina indlela engenye elawulayo enokubangela umonakalo kukhuseleko lwakho, impilo okanye indlela ophila ngayo.
Xa ucela umyalelo wokhuselo, awufaki tyala lalwaphulo-mthetho kwaye akukho mfuneko yakwenza tyala lolwaphulo-mthetho ukuze ufumane umyalelo wokhuseleko. Kodwa ke, ukuba ulixhoba lodidi oluthile lokuphathwa gadalala ekhaya olukwalulwaphulo-mthetho, ungazikhethela ukwenza isicelo somyalelo wokhuseleko, okanye ufake ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho okanye uzenze zombini. Izenzo zokuphathwa gadalala nezikwa lulwaphulo-mthetho ziquka ukuhlasela okuqhelekileyo, ukuhlasela ngeenjongo zokubangela iintlungu emzimbeni, ukuhlasela okungafanelekanga, ukudlwengula, umbulo, ukuzama ukubulala, ukonakalisa ngolunya imihlaba nezakhiwo, ukukhomba ngompu kunye nokuphatha gadalala izilwanyana.
Xa sele unawo umyalelo wokhuseleko, ukuba umntu okuphatha gadalala uye wayophula imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko, oko lulwaphulo-mthetho kwaye angamangalelwa ngokwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho lokudela inkundla (nokuba isenzo solwaphulo lwemiqathango silulwaphulo-mthetho, umzekelo, indlela yokulawula). Ukuba olu lwaphulo luquka ulwaphulo-mthetho olunjengokuhlasela, angamangalelwa ngokudela inkundla kunye nokuhlasela.
Xa unomyalelo wokhuseleko kuthetha ukuba unegunya lokuba umntu okuphatha gadalala abanjwe nangaliphina ixesha esenza isenzo sokukuphatha gadalala. Okufuneka ukwenzile kukuzisa ingxelo yokuba waphule imiqathango emimiselwe kwaye amapolisa kufuneka athathe inyathelo ngokukhawuleza.
Ngaphambi kokuba ufumane umyalelo wokhuseleko, ungafumana umyalelo wokhuseleko wexeshana ngokukhawuleza okukhulu ngokugcwalisa amaphetshana athile kwaye lo myalelo wethutyana uya kuchaza ngokukodwa umhla ekuya kuthi kuqwalaselwa ngawo umyalelo wokugqibela (umhla wokubuyiswa). Xa sele kwenziwe umyalelo wokugqibela, oku kuya kuba sisigxina kwaye oku kungatshintshwa kuphela ngokufakwa kwesicelo kwiinkundla.
Umntu okuphatha gadalala kungafunekanga ukuba enze nasiphina isenzo sokukuphatha gadalala ekhayeni.
Umntu okuphatha gadalala kufuneka akuhlawule irente, iintlawulo zokubambisa okanye ezinye iimali ezingxamisekileyo.
Amapolisa kufuneka athimbe nayiphi na imipu okanye izixhobo ezinobungozi anazo umntu okuphatha gadalala.
Amapolisa kufuneka ahambe nawe ze akuncede uqokelelele izinto ezizezakho.
Idilesi yakho akufunekanga ibhalwe nandawoni na kumyalelo wokhuseleko.
Inyathelo lokuqala lokufumana umyalelo wokhuseleko kukuba wena ugcwalise iphetshana uForm 2: Isicelo Somyalelo Wokhuseleko.
Kufuneka ndiye phi?
Ingaba kufuneka ndizenzele ngokwam isicelo Ndingamenzela omnye umntu isicelo?
Loluphi ulwazi / ingcaciso endiyidingayo?
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ndakugqiba ukugcwalisa iphetshana lesicelo?
Uya kunikezelwa nini umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa sele ndinikwe umyalelo wethutyana?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingawunikwanga umyalelo wethutyana?
Kwenzeka ntoni ngosuku lokubuya?
Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko apho kuya kuthi kunikezelwe umyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela?
Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko apho kuya kuthi kubekelwe bucala umyalelo wokhuseleko (unganikezelwa)?
Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko apho eli tyala liya kuthi lixoxelwe enkundleni?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa sele kunikezelwe umyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela?
U-Form 2 uyafumaneka kwizikhululo zamapolisa neenkundla kwakunye nakwesi sikhundla sothungelwano ngekhompyutha, nangona amapolisa esenokukugqithisela kwiinkundla ukuze uncediswe ekugcwaliseni eli phetshana. Amapolisa aya kukunika noForm 1, oluxwebhu olukucacisela ngamalungelo akho. Ukuba wonzakele okanye ufuna indawo engenye yokuhlala ngenxa yokuphathwa gadalala, amapolisa kufuneka akuncede ekufumaneni unyango ze akuncede ekufumaneni unyango aphinde akuncede ekufumaneni indawo ekhuselekileyo yokufihla intloko.
Nayiphi na inkundla ejongene nommandla ohlala kuwo okanye osebenza kuwo, okanye ekummandla apho umntu okuphatha gadalala asebenza kuwo okanye ahlala kuwo okanye ekummandla apho esi siganeko sokuphathwa gadalala senzeke khona, ingakunika umyalelo wokhuseleko. Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka uye kwinkundla ngamaxesha evulwe ngawo inkundla (phakathi evekini, 8:00 - 16:00). Emva kweeyure zomsebenzi, izicelo ziya kuqwalaselwa kuphela xa unokubonisa ukuba uya kusokola kakhulu ukuba lo mba uthe awaqwalaselwa ngokukhawuleza.
Iinkundla ezithile zinegumbi elibekelwe bucala ukujongana namatyala obundlobongela basekhaya. Abantu abazigqatsayo baye ngamanye amaxesha bafumaneke ekukuncediseni xa ugcwalisa uForm 2 kwakunye nonobhala wenkundla angakwazi ukukunceda. Lo nobhala wenkundla uya kukunika noForm 3 ochaza ngendlela osebenza ngayo umyalelo wokhuseleko ze akulumkise nangokuba ungathethi buxoki xa ugcwalisa uForm 2 njengoko oku ilityala lolwaphulo-mthetho.
Omnye umntu angakwenzela isicelo. Okufunekayo yimvume yakho ebhalwe phantsi yokwenza oku. Ukuba ungumntwana (ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala), okhubazekileyo ngengqondo, ongekho zingqondweni okanye ongakwaziyo ukunikezela ngemvume kuso nasiphi na isizathu esisesinye, omnye umntu angakwenzela isicelo ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Ukuba ungumntwana, ungasenza isicelo somyalelo wokhuseleko ngaphandle kokuncediswa ngabazali, umntu okugcinayo, okanye nokuba ngubani na umntu ongomnye. Ukuba wenzela umntwana isicelo, ungakwenza oko ngaphandle kwemvume yabazali bomntwana, umntu omgcinayo okanye ngoncedo lwakhe nabani na.
Olu lulwazi malunga nomenzi wesicelo, okwabizwa ngokuba ngummangali. Ungumenzi wesicelo ngaphandle kokuba wenzela omnye umntu esi sicelo, nalapho olu lwazi malunga owenza esi sicelo egameni lakhe - umntu olixhoba lokuphathwa gadalala. Kuya kufuneka unikezele ngenombolo yencwadana yesazisi yomenzi wesicelo, idilesi yasekhaya neyasemsebenzini, iinombolo zomnxeba, umsebenzi, nobudlelwane nexhoba (umzekelo, uyinkosikazi, usisihlobo okanye ungumntu ohlala naye kwindawo eniyiqeshileyo) kumntu ophethe gadalala ummangalelwa.
Akukho mfuneko yakuligcwalisa eli candelo ukuba uyazenzela esi sicelo. Kodwa ke, ukuba wenza isicelo egameni lomnye umntu, olu lulwazi malunga nawe luyafuneka. Oku kuquka inombolo yakho yesazisi, idilesi yasekhaya neyasemsebenzini, iinombolo zomnxeba, umsebenzi, nobudlelwane bakho nexhoba (umzekelo, ungumhlobo wakho, ulilungu lebhunga okanye ipolisa), isizathu sokwenza esi sicelo, kwakunye nokuba unemvume esuka kuloo mntu umenzela esi sicelo.
Ulwazi malunga nomntu ophatha gadalala (ummangalelwa) luquka inombolo yesazisi sakhe, idilesi yasekhaya neyasemsebenzini, iinombolo zomnxeba nomsebenzi. Iidilesi zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba awuzazi iidilesi, kufuneka unikezele naluphi na ulwazi apho anokufumaneka khona olunjengeendawo zomjuxuzo okanye abahlobo athi abatyelele rhoqo. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba umgwebi wesithili akwazi ukumfuna amfumane.
Iinkcukacha zakhe nabani na omnye umntu ochaphazelekayo kubundlobongela basekhaya, ukuba bachaphazeleka njani nokuba nabani na omnye kubo ukhubazekile na.
Isigqibo esifungelweyo (ingxelo) esisuka kuwe sichaza ngeentshukumo zobundlobongela basekhaya ezenziwa ngulowo ukuphethe gadalala, ngxelo leyo iquka nenkcazelo ngezixhobo okanye imipu esetyenziswe kobo bundlobongela, wonzakele njani futhi ngaba udinga unyango lwezempilo na.
Isigaba 6: Naziphi na iinkcukacha ngokuba singxamiseke kangakanani na eso sicelo. Umzekelo, kunokungxamiseka ukuba unesizathu sokoyikisela ukuba umntu okuphethe kakubi angaphinda enze intshukumo yobundlobongela kuwe kungekudala, kuba efumene isixhobo okanye ukhe wakoyikisa okanye kwenzeke into ezakumenza aphinde avukwe bubundlobongela.
Isigaba 7: Yeyiphi imiqathango oyidingayo kulo myalelo wokhuseleko?
Le miqathango kufuneka ihambelane neentlobo zobundlobongela oziqwalaseleyo. Umzekelo, ukuba uchaze impatho-mbi ngokoqoqosho, kufuneka ucele ukuba omnye wemiqathango ibe kukuba lo mntu makangaphindi akuphathe gadalala ngokoqoqosho. Eli phetshana lesicelo linoluhlu lwemiqathango yaye wena umelwe nje kukukhetha iibhokisi ezifanele olo hlobo lobundlobongela. Musa ukuzikhetha zonke ezi bhokisi njengoko ezinye zikwakhabana, ngoko ke thabatha isigqibo esicingisisiweyo ngokuba ufuna khuseleko luni.
Usenakho nokucela ukuba kufakwe imiqathango engekhoyo kuluhlu lokuqala. Eminye yale miqathango idwelisiwe yaye wena kudingeka nje ukuba ukhethe nje iibhokisi ozidingayo ze ugcwalise iinkcukacha. Kukwakho nesikhundla sokufaka nayiphi na imiqathango enokuba ayidweliswanga apho.
Uluhlu lwempahla oyibona iyeyakho kuphela. Oku kubalulekile ukuba ucele uncedo kumapolisa ukuba akulandele impahla yakho.
Xa uForm 2 sele egqityiwe, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngokuthi amapolisa atyikitye phantsi ze afake isitampu sawo. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba kufuneka isifungo phambi komkomishinala wezifungo apho uvuma ukuba wazi futhi uqonda konke okubhale kuForm 2, ukuba awali ukuthabatha isigqibo esifungelweyo yaye usibona esi sifungo njengesibophelela isazela sakho. Oku kunokwenziwa kwisikhululo samapolisa, kwiinkundla yiJaji Yoxolo, okanye ngumantyi.
Xa uForm 2 sele egqityiwe ze waqinisekiswa ngamapolisa, kufuneka uyise kunobhala wenkundla, oya kuthi yena agcwalise elinye iphetshana lesicelo elibizwa ngokuba nguForm 4: Umyalelo Wokhuseleko Wethutyana ze axele akunike nosuku ekufuneka ubuye ngalo (usuku ekuza kuthi kuqwalaselwe owona myalelo wokhuseleko lwakho wokugqibela) ukuza kuxoxa eli tyala.
Kwezinye iinkundla, umantyi usenokudibana nawe ixeshana nje elingephi phambi kokuba akunike lo myalelo ukuze akubuze nayiphi na imibuzo anayo ngesi sicelo sakho sokhuseleko olungxamisekileyo. Kwezinye iinkundla, kuya kufuneka ubuye emva kosuku okanye ezimbini ukufumanisa ukuba uza kuwunikwa na umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana, ngexa kwezinye iinkundla ezi mpepha zesicelo zinokugcwaliswa kwangolo suku, ngokubanzi, oku kuxhomekeka ekubeni inkundla leyo ixakeke kangakanani na, nokuba isicelo sakho singxamiseke kangakanani na.
Xa sele uwunikiwe, uya kunikwa ikopi yomyalelo wethutyana yaye nayo iya kunikezelwa kumntu okuphethe kakubi ngamapolisa, okanye ukuba ungamelana neentlawulo zoMthunywa Wenkundla, uya kunikezelwa ngumthunywa lowo (apha eMzantsi Afrika, lo mthunywa ligosa lenkundla elijongene nokunikezela ngeempepha ekufuneka zinikezelwe kumatyala abandakanya abemi balapha). Umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana awusebenzi de ube kanti ukhutshiwe wanikezelwa kulowo kufuneka ewufumene. Ukunikezelwa komyalelo wethutyana ngamapolisa kusimahla. Ukuba ungamelana neentlawulo zeenkonzo, kungcono ukucela uMthunywa wenkundla kuba amapolisa enamatyala amaninzi ekufuneka ejongene nawo futhi enokuthatha ixesha elide kunomthunywa. Unobhala wenkundla usenokwenza amalungiselelo okuthunyelwa kwalo myalelo ngeposi ebhalisiweyo nekhawulezayo, kodwa ke oku kubandakanya intlawulo yaye akunakusebenza ukuba umntu okuphethe gadala akayi kuzilanda ze atyikitye ukuba uzifumene ezo mpepha kuloo ofisi yeposi.
Nabani na odlulisela lo myalelo kummangalelwa kufuneka anike unobhala wenkundla iphetshana 'lokubuya kwenkonzo' ukuqinisekisa ukuba uwudlulisele kulowo uthunyelwa kuye umyalelo wexeshana, futhi iphetshana eligunyazisa ukubanjwa kwalowo uphethe omnye kakubi (uForm 8) linikezelwa kuwe.
Ukuba awulifumani phetshana eligunyazisa ukuvalelwa komntu okuphethe gadalala kufuneka uye kulilanda enkundleni. Ukuba neli phetshana kuthetha ukuba xa anokuthi umntu okuphethe gadalala ophule imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana ungenza ukuba avalelwe okanye abekwe ityala ngokuthi uye emapoliseni ze uwanike esi sigunyaziso sokuvalelwa kwesi sihange kwakunye nesigqibo esifungelweyo(uForm 10) esichaza ukuba uyophule njani na imiqathango yalo myalelo. Amapolisa ke kuya kufuneka amvalele ukuba kuyabonakala ukuba ungazifumana ukwenye ingozi ngenxa yoku.
Umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana uya kuba nosuku olubizwa ngokuba 'lusuku lokubuya' apho kuwo. Ngolu suku wena (mntu ofaka isicelo) kwanalowo ukuphethe gadalala (ummangalelwa) niya kuba nethuba lokunika inkundla ezinye iinkcukacha ngale mapatho-mbi, futhi nemiqathango ekulo myalelo iya kuqinisekiswa, itshintshwe okanye ibekelwe bucala ngumantyi, kumyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela. Usuku lokubuya lungangabi ngaphambi kweentsuku ezilishumi emva kokunikezelwa kwalo myalelo.
Kumanye amatyala, umantyi unokugqiba ekubeni angawukhuphi umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana. Endaweni yawo, isaziso (uForm 5) siya kunikezelwa kulowo ukuphethe gadalala, apho kuya kubakho nosuku lokubuya, saziso eso esiya kube silumkisa nalowo ukuphethe gadalala ukuba avele enkundleni ngolo suku ze anike nezizathu zokuba kutheni na engenakuwukhutshelwa umyalelo wokhuseleko. Akukho sigunyaziso sakuvalelwa sikhutshwayo ngeli thuba.
Ngosuku lokubuya, umyalelo wakho wokhuseleko wokugqibela ungakhutshwa. Lo ngumyalelo osisigxina yaye uya kusebenza de umantyi aphumeze isicelo sokuwubekela bucala. Ngosuku lokubuya, ityala lakho liya kuqwalaselwa kwi-ofisi kamantyi, hayi kwinkundla evulelekileyo. Kule ofisi akuyi kubakho mntu wumbi ngaphandle kwamagosa enkundla nabantu abachaphazeleka ngqo kulo mba. Kusenjalo, unokuza nabantu abaya kuma kwisithathu abaza kukuxhasa. Wena okanye ummangalelwa ninganawo amagqwetha animeleyo kulo naliphi na inqanaba lokuxoxwa kweli tyala. Akukho nabani na ovumeleke ukuba ashicilele okanye adize iinkcukacha zakhe nabani na ochaphazelekayo kweli tyala. Idilesi yekhaya lakho nayo ayinakudizwa kuzo naziphi na iimpepha okanye iinkqubo ezinento yokwenza nomyalelo wokhuseleko ukuba ufaka isicelo soko kuForm 2 (ngaphandle kokuba kunyanzelekile ukwenzela ukuchaza imiqathango yalo myalelo wokhuseleko).
Ukuba umntu okuphethe gadalala akawukhabi lo myalelo, okanye ukuba akakho kodwa kukho ubungqina bokuba wasifumana isaziso somyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana, okanye ukuba nobabini anikho kodwa bukho ubungqina bokuba umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana wanikezelwa, umyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela ungakhutshwa.
Ukuba nobabini anizimasi, yaye akukho bungqina bakunikezelwa komyalelo wokhuseleko, umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana ungabekelwa bucala. Ukuba nguwe wedwa ozimasayo futhi akukho bungqina bakunikezelwa komyalelo, umyalelo wokhuseleko ungahlehliselwa olunye usuku lokubuya. Ukuba nguwe wedwa ofikayo okanye nithi nifike nobabini, ze nicele ukuba umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana ubekelwe bucala, uya kubekelwa bucala ngokwesicelo eso.
Ukuba umntu okuphethe gadalala ukho yaye uyakulwa ukukhutshwa komyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela, tyala elo liya kuya enkundleni, okuthetha ukuthi ke umantyi uya kumamela bonke ubungqina obuza nawe okanye nalo naliphi na ingqina ze enze isigqibo. Enkundleni, umantyi angayalela ukuba nakuphi na ukuswantsuliswa kwakho okanye naliphi ingqina ngulowo ukuphethe gadalala ngemibuzo (apho ingelogqwetha elimfakela imibuzo) kwenziwe ngoyibuza loo mibuzo kwinkundla ze umantyi yena ayidlulisele kuwe ngokwakhe, ukuze umenzi lowo wobubi angabi nakukubuza ngqo. Kufuneka ukucele oko ukuba ucinga ukuba uya kuziva usoyika futhi uphantsi kwezisongelo xa ufakwa ekufaka imibuzo.
Ukuba ekuxoxweni kweli tyala inkundla ithi ifumanise ukuba xa ithi ithelekise ubungqina - ukuba kukhangaleka kakhulu ngathi umntu okuphethe kakubi (ummangalelwa) uzibandakanye okanye uzibandakanya kwintshukumo yobundlobongela basekhaya, iya kuthi ikhuphe umyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela.
Isigunyaziso sokuvalelwa sikhutshwa ngoko nangoko ekukhutshweni komyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela, kodwa ubekelwa bucala okweli thuba umntu okuphethe gadalala engayophuli imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko. Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba isigunyaziso sokuvalelwa kwalo mntu sikuwe. Ukuba nesi sigunyaziso kuthetha ukuthi ukuba umntu okuphethe gadalala uthi ophule nawuphi na kwimiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko, ekufuneka ukwenzile kukugcwalisa isigqibo esifungelweyo (kuForm 10) apho uchaza khona ukuba imiqathango yalo myalelo yaphulwe njani, ze unikezele eso sigqibo sakho sifungelweyo nesigunyaziso sokuvalelwa kwalo mntu emapoliseni, wona ekufuneka emvalele ngoko nangoko ukuba kuyacaca ukuba ungaphinda ube phantsi kwenye intlungu genxa yakhe. Ukuba akubonakali ngathi ungaphinda ufumane enye intlungu, amapolisa angathi ke anike umntu lowo ukuphethe gadalala isaziso sokuba avele enkundleni ngetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokwaphula imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko.
Ukuba umntu okuphethe gadalala ufunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho, angadliwa okanye agwetyelwe ejele ixesha eliyiminyaka engadlulanga kwisihlanu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11456.9577.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ulixhoba lobundlobongela basekhaya kwaye umntu okuphatha gadalalangumntu owalamene naye ngokwasekhaya, ungenza isicelo somyalelo wokhuseleko phantsi komthetho obizwa ngokuba yi-Domestic Violence Act. Umyalelo wokhuseleko uneemeko ezithile ezimisa ukuba lo mntu okuphatha gadalala angazenzi. Ukuba lo mntu ukuphatha gadalala uthe akazithobela ezi meko, angabanjwa. Ukuba oku kuphathwa gadalala kuquka isenzo solwaphulo-mthetho, kungafakwa isimangalo sokwenza ityala elinjalo.
La magama 'ukwalamana ngokwasekhaya' aquka ukwalamana ngeendlela ezininzi.
Nabelana okanye kutshanje nihlala kwikhaya elinye okanye kwindawo yokuhlala enye.
Xa ningahlali kunye, ukungena kwisakhiwo sakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho.
Nayiphina indlela engenye elawulayo enokubangela umonakalo kukhuseleko lwakho, impilo okanye indlela ophila ngayo.
Xa ucela umyalelo wokhuselo, awufaki tyala lalwaphulo-mthetho kwaye akukho mfuneko yakwenza tyala lolwaphulo-mthetho ukuze ufumane umyalelo wokhuseleko. Kodwa ke, ukuba ulixhoba lodidi oluthile lokuphathwa gadalala ekhaya olukwalulwaphulo-mthetho, ungazikhethela ukwenza isicelo somyalelo wokhuseleko, okanye ufake ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho okanye uzenze zombini. Izenzo zokuphathwa gadalala nezikwa lulwaphulo-mthetho ziquka ukuhlasela okuqhelekileyo, ukuhlasela ngeenjongo zokubangela iintlungu emzimbeni, ukuhlasela okungafanelekanga, ukudlwengula, umbulo, ukuzama ukubulala, ukonakalisa ngolunya imihlaba nezakhiwo, ukukhomba ngompu kunye nokuphatha gadalala izilwanyana.
Xa sele unawo umyalelo wokhuseleko, ukuba umntu okuphatha gadalala uye wayophula imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko, oko lulwaphulo-mthetho kwaye angamangalelwa ngokwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho lokudela inkundla (nokuba isenzo solwaphulo lwemiqathango silulwaphulo-mthetho, umzekelo, indlela yokulawula). Ukuba olu lwaphulo luquka ulwaphulo-mthetho olunjengokuhlasela, angamangalelwa ngokudela inkundla kunye nokuhlasela.
Xa unomyalelo wokhuseleko kuthetha ukuba unegunya lokuba umntu okuphatha gadalala abanjwe nangaliphina ixesha esenza isenzo sokukuphatha gadalala. Okufuneka ukwenzile kukuzisa ingxelo yokuba waphule imiqathango emimiselwe kwaye amapolisa kufuneka athathe inyathelo ngokukhawuleza.
Ngaphambi kokuba ufumane umyalelo wokhuseleko, ungafumana umyalelo wokhuseleko wexeshana ngokukhawuleza okukhulu ngokugcwalisa amaphetshana athile kwaye lo myalelo wethutyana uya kuchaza ngokukodwa umhla ekuya kuthi kuqwalaselwa ngawo umyalelo wokugqibela (umhla wokubuyiswa). Xa sele kwenziwe umyalelo wokugqibela, oku kuya kuba sisigxina kwaye oku kungatshintshwa kuphela ngokufakwa kwesicelo kwiinkundla.
Umntu okuphatha gadalala kungafunekanga ukuba enze nasiphina isenzo sokukuphatha gadalala ekhayeni.
Umntu okuphatha gadalala kufuneka akuhlawule irente, iintlawulo zokubambisa okanye ezinye iimali ezingxamisekileyo.
Amapolisa kufuneka athimbe nayiphi na imipu okanye izixhobo ezinobungozi anazo umntu okuphatha gadalala.
Amapolisa kufuneka ahambe nawe ze akuncede uqokelelele izinto ezizezakho.
Idilesi yakho akufunekanga ibhalwe nandawoni na kumyalelo wokhuseleko.
Inyathelo lokuqala lokufumana umyalelo wokhuseleko kukuba wena ugcwalise iphetshana uForm 2: Isicelo Somyalelo Wokhuseleko.
Kufuneka ndiye phi?
Ingaba kufuneka ndizenzele ngokwam isicelo Ndingamenzela omnye umntu isicelo?
Loluphi ulwazi / ingcaciso endiyidingayo?
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ndakugqiba ukugcwalisa iphetshana lesicelo?
Uya kunikezelwa nini umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa sele ndinikwe umyalelo wethutyana?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingawunikwanga umyalelo wethutyana?
Kwenzeka ntoni ngosuku lokubuya?
Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko apho kuya kuthi kunikezelwe umyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela?
Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko apho kuya kuthi kubekelwe bucala umyalelo wokhuseleko (unganikezelwa)?
Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko apho eli tyala liya kuthi lixoxelwe enkundleni?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa sele kunikezelwe umyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela?
U-Form 2 uyafumaneka kwizikhululo zamapolisa neenkundla kwakunye nakwesi sikhundla sothungelwano ngekhompyutha, nangona amapolisa esenokukugqithisela kwiinkundla ukuze uncediswe ekugcwaliseni eli phetshana. Amapolisa aya kukunika noForm 1, oluxwebhu olukucacisela ngamalungelo akho. Ukuba wonzakele okanye ufuna indawo engenye yokuhlala ngenxa yokuphathwa gadalala, amapolisa kufuneka akuncede ekufumaneni unyango ze akuncede ekufumaneni unyango aphinde akuncede ekufumaneni indawo ekhuselekileyo yokufihla intloko.
Nayiphi na inkundla ejongene nommandla ohlala kuwo okanye osebenza kuwo, okanye ekummandla apho umntu okuphatha gadalala asebenza kuwo okanye ahlala kuwo okanye ekummandla apho esi siganeko sokuphathwa gadalala senzeke khona, ingakunika umyalelo wokhuseleko. Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka uye kwinkundla ngamaxesha evulwe ngawo inkundla (phakathi evekini, 8:00 - 16:00). Emva kweeyure zomsebenzi, izicelo ziya kuqwalaselwa kuphela xa unokubonisa ukuba uya kusokola kakhulu ukuba lo mba uthe awaqwalaselwa ngokukhawuleza.
Iinkundla ezithile zinegumbi elibekelwe bucala ukujongana namatyala obundlobongela basekhaya. Abantu abazigqatsayo baye ngamanye amaxesha bafumaneke ekukuncediseni xa ugcwalisa uForm 2 kwakunye nonobhala wenkundla angakwazi ukukunceda. Lo nobhala wenkundla uya kukunika noForm 3 ochaza ngendlela osebenza ngayo umyalelo wokhuseleko ze akulumkise nangokuba ungathethi buxoki xa ugcwalisa uForm 2 njengoko oku ilityala lolwaphulo-mthetho.
Omnye umntu angakwenzela isicelo. Okufunekayo yimvume yakho ebhalwe phantsi yokwenza oku. Ukuba ungumntwana (ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala), okhubazekileyo ngengqondo, ongekho zingqondweni okanye ongakwaziyo ukunikezela ngemvume kuso nasiphi na isizathu esisesinye, omnye umntu angakwenzela isicelo ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Ukuba ungumntwana, ungasenza isicelo somyalelo wokhuseleko ngaphandle kokuncediswa ngabazali, umntu okugcinayo, okanye nokuba ngubani na umntu ongomnye. Ukuba wenzela umntwana isicelo, ungakwenza oko ngaphandle kwemvume yabazali bomntwana, umntu omgcinayo okanye ngoncedo lwakhe nabani na.
Olu lulwazi malunga nomenzi wesicelo, okwabizwa ngokuba ngummangali. Ungumenzi wesicelo ngaphandle kokuba wenzela omnye umntu esi sicelo, nalapho olu lwazi malunga owenza esi sicelo egameni lakhe - umntu olixhoba lokuphathwa gadalala. Kuya kufuneka unikezele ngenombolo yencwadana yesazisi yomenzi wesicelo, idilesi yasekhaya neyasemsebenzini, iinombolo zomnxeba, umsebenzi, nobudlelwane nexhoba (umzekelo, uyinkosikazi, usisihlobo okanye ungumntu ohlala naye kwindawo eniyiqeshileyo) kumntu ophethe gadalala ummangalelwa.
Akukho mfuneko yakuligcwalisa eli candelo ukuba uyazenzela esi sicelo. Kodwa ke, ukuba wenza isicelo egameni lomnye umntu, olu lulwazi malunga nawe luyafuneka. Oku kuquka inombolo yakho yesazisi, idilesi yasekhaya neyasemsebenzini, iinombolo zomnxeba, umsebenzi, nobudlelwane bakho nexhoba (umzekelo, ungumhlobo wakho, ulilungu lebhunga okanye ipolisa), isizathu sokwenza esi sicelo, kwakunye nokuba unemvume esuka kuloo mntu umenzela esi sicelo.
Ulwazi malunga nomntu ophatha gadalala (ummangalelwa) luquka inombolo yesazisi sakhe, idilesi yasekhaya neyasemsebenzini, iinombolo zomnxeba nomsebenzi. Iidilesi zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba awuzazi iidilesi, kufuneka unikezele naluphi na ulwazi apho anokufumaneka khona olunjengeendawo zomjuxuzo okanye abahlobo athi abatyelele rhoqo. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba umgwebi wesithili akwazi ukumfuna amfumane.
Iinkcukacha zakhe nabani na omnye umntu ochaphazelekayo kubundlobongela basekhaya, ukuba bachaphazeleka njani nokuba nabani na omnye kubo ukhubazekile na.
Isigqibo esifungelweyo (ingxelo) esisuka kuwe sichaza ngeentshukumo zobundlobongela basekhaya ezenziwa ngulowo ukuphethe gadalala, ngxelo leyo iquka nenkcazelo ngezixhobo okanye imipu esetyenziswe kobo bundlobongela, wonzakele njani futhi ngaba udinga unyango lwezempilo na.
Isigaba 6: Naziphi na iinkcukacha ngokuba singxamiseke kangakanani na eso sicelo. Umzekelo, kunokungxamiseka ukuba unesizathu sokoyikisela ukuba umntu okuphethe kakubi angaphinda enze intshukumo yobundlobongela kuwe kungekudala, kuba efumene isixhobo okanye ukhe wakoyikisa okanye kwenzeke into ezakumenza aphinde avukwe bubundlobongela.
Isigaba 7: Yeyiphi imiqathango oyidingayo kulo myalelo wokhuseleko?
Le miqathango kufuneka ihambelane neentlobo zobundlobongela oziqwalaseleyo. Umzekelo, ukuba uchaze impatho-mbi ngokoqoqosho, kufuneka ucele ukuba omnye wemiqathango ibe kukuba lo mntu makangaphindi akuphathe gadalala ngokoqoqosho. Eli phetshana lesicelo linoluhlu lwemiqathango yaye wena umelwe nje kukukhetha iibhokisi ezifanele olo hlobo lobundlobongela. Musa ukuzikhetha zonke ezi bhokisi njengoko ezinye zikwakhabana, ngoko ke thabatha isigqibo esicingisisiweyo ngokuba ufuna khuseleko luni.
Usenakho nokucela ukuba kufakwe imiqathango engekhoyo kuluhlu lokuqala. Eminye yale miqathango idwelisiwe yaye wena kudingeka nje ukuba ukhethe nje iibhokisi ozidingayo ze ugcwalise iinkcukacha. Kukwakho nesikhundla sokufaka nayiphi na imiqathango enokuba ayidweliswanga apho.
Uluhlu lwempahla oyibona iyeyakho kuphela. Oku kubalulekile ukuba ucele uncedo kumapolisa ukuba akulandele impahla yakho.
Xa uForm 2 sele egqityiwe, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngokuthi amapolisa atyikitye phantsi ze afake isitampu sawo. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba kufuneka isifungo phambi komkomishinala wezifungo apho uvuma ukuba wazi futhi uqonda konke okubhale kuForm 2, ukuba awali ukuthabatha isigqibo esifungelweyo yaye usibona esi sifungo njengesibophelela isazela sakho. Oku kunokwenziwa kwisikhululo samapolisa, kwiinkundla yiJaji Yoxolo, okanye ngumantyi.
Xa uForm 2 sele egqityiwe ze waqinisekiswa ngamapolisa, kufuneka uyise kunobhala wenkundla, oya kuthi yena agcwalise elinye iphetshana lesicelo elibizwa ngokuba nguForm 4: Umyalelo Wokhuseleko Wethutyana ze axele akunike nosuku ekufuneka ubuye ngalo (usuku ekuza kuthi kuqwalaselwe owona myalelo wokhuseleko lwakho wokugqibela) ukuza kuxoxa eli tyala.
Kwezinye iinkundla, umantyi usenokudibana nawe ixeshana nje elingephi phambi kokuba akunike lo myalelo ukuze akubuze nayiphi na imibuzo anayo ngesi sicelo sakho sokhuseleko olungxamisekileyo. Kwezinye iinkundla, kuya kufuneka ubuye emva kosuku okanye ezimbini ukufumanisa ukuba uza kuwunikwa na umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana, ngexa kwezinye iinkundla ezi mpepha zesicelo zinokugcwaliswa kwangolo suku, ngokubanzi, oku kuxhomekeka ekubeni inkundla leyo ixakeke kangakanani na, nokuba isicelo sakho singxamiseke kangakanani na.
Xa sele uwunikiwe, uya kunikwa ikopi yomyalelo wethutyana yaye nayo iya kunikezelwa kumntu okuphethe kakubi ngamapolisa, okanye ukuba ungamelana neentlawulo zoMthunywa Wenkundla, uya kunikezelwa ngumthunywa lowo (apha eMzantsi Afrika, lo mthunywa ligosa lenkundla elijongene nokunikezela ngeempepha ekufuneka zinikezelwe kumatyala abandakanya abemi balapha). Umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana awusebenzi de ube kanti ukhutshiwe wanikezelwa kulowo kufuneka ewufumene. Ukunikezelwa komyalelo wethutyana ngamapolisa kusimahla. Ukuba ungamelana neentlawulo zeenkonzo, kungcono ukucela uMthunywa wenkundla kuba amapolisa enamatyala amaninzi ekufuneka ejongene nawo futhi enokuthatha ixesha elide kunomthunywa. Unobhala wenkundla usenokwenza amalungiselelo okuthunyelwa kwalo myalelo ngeposi ebhalisiweyo nekhawulezayo, kodwa ke oku kubandakanya intlawulo yaye akunakusebenza ukuba umntu okuphethe gadala akayi kuzilanda ze atyikitye ukuba uzifumene ezo mpepha kuloo ofisi yeposi.
Nabani na odlulisela lo myalelo kummangalelwa kufuneka anike unobhala wenkundla iphetshana 'lokubuya kwenkonzo' ukuqinisekisa ukuba uwudlulisele kulowo uthunyelwa kuye umyalelo wexeshana, futhi iphetshana eligunyazisa ukubanjwa kwalowo uphethe omnye kakubi (uForm 8) linikezelwa kuwe.
Ukuba awulifumani phetshana eligunyazisa ukuvalelwa komntu okuphethe gadalala kufuneka uye kulilanda enkundleni. Ukuba neli phetshana kuthetha ukuba xa anokuthi umntu okuphethe gadalala ophule imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana ungenza ukuba avalelwe okanye abekwe ityala ngokuthi uye emapoliseni ze uwanike esi sigunyaziso sokuvalelwa kwesi sihange kwakunye nesigqibo esifungelweyo(uForm 10) esichaza ukuba uyophule njani na imiqathango yalo myalelo. Amapolisa ke kuya kufuneka amvalele ukuba kuyabonakala ukuba ungazifumana ukwenye ingozi ngenxa yoku.
Umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana uya kuba nosuku olubizwa ngokuba 'lusuku lokubuya' apho kuwo. Ngolu suku wena (mntu ofaka isicelo) kwanalowo ukuphethe gadalala (ummangalelwa) niya kuba nethuba lokunika inkundla ezinye iinkcukacha ngale mapatho-mbi, futhi nemiqathango ekulo myalelo iya kuqinisekiswa, itshintshwe okanye ibekelwe bucala ngumantyi, kumyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela. Usuku lokubuya lungangabi ngaphambi kweentsuku ezilishumi emva kokunikezelwa kwalo myalelo.
Kumanye amatyala, umantyi unokugqiba ekubeni angawukhuphi umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana. Endaweni yawo, isaziso (uForm 5) siya kunikezelwa kulowo ukuphethe gadalala, apho kuya kubakho nosuku lokubuya, saziso eso esiya kube silumkisa nalowo ukuphethe gadalala ukuba avele enkundleni ngolo suku ze anike nezizathu zokuba kutheni na engenakuwukhutshelwa umyalelo wokhuseleko. Akukho sigunyaziso sakuvalelwa sikhutshwayo ngeli thuba.
Ngosuku lokubuya, umyalelo wakho wokhuseleko wokugqibela ungakhutshwa. Lo ngumyalelo osisigxina yaye uya kusebenza de umantyi aphumeze isicelo sokuwubekela bucala. Ngosuku lokubuya, ityala lakho liya kuqwalaselwa kwi-ofisi kamantyi, hayi kwinkundla evulelekileyo. Kule ofisi akuyi kubakho mntu wumbi ngaphandle kwamagosa enkundla nabantu abachaphazeleka ngqo kulo mba. Kusenjalo, unokuza nabantu abaya kuma kwisithathu abaza kukuxhasa. Wena okanye ummangalelwa ninganawo amagqwetha animeleyo kulo naliphi na inqanaba lokuxoxwa kweli tyala. Akukho nabani na ovumeleke ukuba ashicilele okanye adize iinkcukacha zakhe nabani na ochaphazelekayo kweli tyala. Idilesi yekhaya lakho nayo ayinakudizwa kuzo naziphi na iimpepha okanye iinkqubo ezinento yokwenza nomyalelo wokhuseleko ukuba ufaka isicelo soko kuForm 2 (ngaphandle kokuba kunyanzelekile ukwenzela ukuchaza imiqathango yalo myalelo wokhuseleko).
Ukuba umntu okuphethe gadalala akawukhabi lo myalelo, okanye ukuba akakho kodwa kukho ubungqina bokuba wasifumana isaziso somyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana, okanye ukuba nobabini anikho kodwa bukho ubungqina bokuba umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana wanikezelwa, umyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela ungakhutshwa.
Ukuba nobabini anizimasi, yaye akukho bungqina bakunikezelwa komyalelo wokhuseleko, umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana ungabekelwa bucala. Ukuba nguwe wedwa ozimasayo futhi akukho bungqina bakunikezelwa komyalelo, umyalelo wokhuseleko ungahlehliselwa olunye usuku lokubuya. Ukuba nguwe wedwa ofikayo okanye nithi nifike nobabini, ze nicele ukuba umyalelo wokhuseleko wethutyana ubekelwe bucala, uya kubekelwa bucala ngokwesicelo eso.
Ukuba umntu okuphethe gadalala ukho yaye uyakulwa ukukhutshwa komyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela, tyala elo liya kuya enkundleni, okuthetha ukuthi ke umantyi uya kumamela bonke ubungqina obuza nawe okanye nalo naliphi na ingqina ze enze isigqibo. Enkundleni, umantyi angayalela ukuba nakuphi na ukuswantsuliswa kwakho okanye naliphi ingqina ngulowo ukuphethe gadalala ngemibuzo (apho ingelogqwetha elimfakela imibuzo) kwenziwe ngoyibuza loo mibuzo kwinkundla ze umantyi yena ayidlulisele kuwe ngokwakhe, ukuze umenzi lowo wobubi angabi nakukubuza ngqo. Kufuneka ukucele oko ukuba ucinga ukuba uya kuziva usoyika futhi uphantsi kwezisongelo xa ufakwa ekufaka imibuzo.
Ukuba ekuxoxweni kweli tyala inkundla ithi ifumanise ukuba xa ithi ithelekise ubungqina - ukuba kukhangaleka kakhulu ngathi umntu okuphethe kakubi (ummangalelwa) uzibandakanye okanye uzibandakanya kwintshukumo yobundlobongela basekhaya, iya kuthi ikhuphe umyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela.
Isigunyaziso sokuvalelwa sikhutshwa ngoko nangoko ekukhutshweni komyalelo wokhuseleko wokugqibela, kodwa ubekelwa bucala okweli thuba umntu okuphethe gadalala engayophuli imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko. Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba isigunyaziso sokuvalelwa kwalo mntu sikuwe. Ukuba nesi sigunyaziso kuthetha ukuthi ukuba umntu okuphethe gadalala uthi ophule nawuphi na kwimiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko, ekufuneka ukwenzile kukugcwalisa isigqibo esifungelweyo (kuForm 10) apho uchaza khona ukuba imiqathango yalo myalelo yaphulwe njani, ze unikezele eso sigqibo sakho sifungelweyo nesigunyaziso sokuvalelwa kwalo mntu emapoliseni, wona ekufuneka emvalele ngoko nangoko ukuba kuyacaca ukuba ungaphinda ube phantsi kwenye intlungu genxa yakhe. Ukuba akubonakali ngathi ungaphinda ufumane enye intlungu, amapolisa angathi ke anike umntu lowo ukuphethe gadalala isaziso sokuba avele enkundleni ngetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho lokwaphula imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko.
Ukuba umntu okuphethe gadalala ufunyaniswe enetyala lokwaphula imiqathango yomyalelo wokhuseleko kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho, angadliwa okanye agwetyelwe ejele ixesha eliyiminyaka engadlulanga kwisihlanu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11457.9669.9669.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba uthe wadlwengulwa okanye wenzakaliswa ngokwesondo, ungagqithisa ingxelo malunga noku emapoliseni. Kukuzithandela kwakho ukuba uyigqithise le ngxelo nokuba ungayigqithisi emapoliseni kodwa ukuba awuyinikezeli, ityala lakho alisayi kuphandwa okanye kufakwe simangalo. Amapolisa awavumelekanga ukuba angavumi ukuphanda ityala lakho, kodwa ukuba awuyigqithisanga ingxelo, ityala lakho alisayi kuphandwa okanye kufakwe simangalo. Kodwa ke, ukuba kukho ubungqina obuncinci emva kophando olwenziwe ngamapolisa, umtshutshisi angagqiba ekubeni angaqhubekeki netyala lakho.
Akukho xesha limisiweyo lokunikezela ngengxelo yetyala lokudlwengulwa, ngexa amanye amatyala esondo enexesha elimisiweyo eliyiminyaka engamashumi amabini. Kodwa ke, ukuba awunikezeli ingxelo yakho ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba udlwenguliwe, ubungqina obusemzimbeni bungangabikho kwaye naliphi na ingqina kunganzima ukulifumana, nokuya kuthi oku kwenze ukuba kube nzima kakhulu ukufaka isimangalo esinempumelelo. Kwakhona, xa unikezela ngengxelo, amapolisa aya kukusa esibhedlele nalapho uya kuthi ufumane unyango lokukhusela isifo sikaGawulayo neNtsholongwane yaso. Kubalulekile ukufumana olu nyango ngokukhawuleza okukhulu emva kokuba udlwengulwe.
Ukuba ungumntwana, okanye unikezela ingxelo egameni lomntwana, eli tyala liya kuqwalaselwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuneqhelekileyo.
Xa umrhanelwa enokuthi akhutshwe ngenggqawule?
Ungayinikezela ngengxelo yodlwengulo ngokuthi uye kwesona kwisikhululo samapolisa sikufutshane nawe. Unganikezela ngengxelo yodlwengulo ngokutsalea umnxeba kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe. Ukuba ugqithisa ingxelo ngomnxeba, amapolisa aya kuthumela inqwelo-mafutha ukuba ikulande. Kodwa ke, ngenxa yokuba le nqwelo-mafutha yamapolisa ingangafumaneki ngokukhawuleza, kungafuneka ukuba ulinde ixesha elide ukuze ulandwe. Ukuba wenzakele kakhulu, kufuneka ubize inqwelo yezigulana okanye kungenjalo, utsalele umnxeba kwinombolo yexesha likaxakeka.
Njengesiqhelo, kufanele ukuba unikezele ingxelo yodlwengulo kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nendawo olwenzeke kuyo olu dlwengulo (nolunokwenzeka kwiindawo ekude kakhulu nendawo ohlala kuyo). Kodwa ke, ukuba uye kwesinye isikhululo samapolisa, amapolisa awavumelekanga ukuba akuthumele kwenye indawo. Kufuneka enze amanyathelo okuqala ophando, ukuquka ukuvula ityala kunye novavanyo lonyango, aze agqithisele eli tyala kwisikhululo samapolisa esifanelekileyo kamva.
Kwisikhululo samapolisa, ungacela ukuthetha nepolisa elibhinqileyo. Kodwa ke, amapolisa abhinqileyo angangabikho kumaxesha athile. Awunyanzelekanga ukuba unikezele ngengxelo yazo zonke iinkcukacha ezithe zenzeka kwi-ofisi yezohlwayo xa unikezela ngengxelo yodlwengulo. Emva kokuba uchazile ukuba ufuna ukunikezela ngengxelo yodlwengulo, kufanele ukuba uthatyathwe usiwe kwindawo esekhusini enjenge-ofisi okanye kwigumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba, nelilelona gumbi lifanelekileyo nelinamagosa azinekeleyo aqeqeshlwe ukukunceda. Izikhululo zamapolisa ezininzi zinawo la magumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba nekufuneka ahlale evuliwe ngawo onke amaxesha, nangeempela-veki kwanasebusuku.
Kufuneka unikezele kuphela ingxelo emfutshane malunga nokuthe kwenzeka ze le ngxelo yodlwengulo ibhalwe kwiincwadi yeziganeko ezenzekileyo (incwadi apho kubhalwa khona zonke iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezenzekileyo) kwisikhululo samapolisa ngaphambi kokuba uthathwe usiwe kuvavanyo lonyango. Kufuneka uzame ukunikezela inkcazelo eneenkcukacha malunga nomntu okudlwenguleyo nalapho ugqibele khona ukumbona ngokukhawuleza ukuze amapolisa azame ukumbamba ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.
Kufuneka unikezele kuphela ingxelo eneenkcukacha malunga nokuthe kwenzeka ngexesha lodlwengulo emva kokuba ufumene uvavanyo lonyango, njengesiqhelo emva kosuku, xa uthe wafumana ixeshana. Le ngxelo ineenkcukacha iya kunikezelwa kumcuphi (igosa elenza uphando) noya kuba lipolisa elilodwa elaziyo malunga neenkcukacha zeli tyala.
Ugqirha karhulumente (uGqirha weSithili) uya kuthi enze uvavanyo lonyango esibhedlele kumaxesha amaninzi. Ungamfumana ugqirha wakho wabucala enze olu vavanyo kodwa kumaxesha amaninzi aba nalo olu qeqesho lokuqokelela ubungqina basenkundleni kwaye bangangalifumani ixesha lokuya enkundleni. Ugqirha kufuneka akunike nonyango lokukhusela isifo sikaGawulayo neNtsholongwane yaso. Ngenxa yokuba injongo yovavanyo lonyango ikukuqokelela ubungqina basenkundleni, akufunekanga ukuba uhlambe ngaphambi kovavanyo lonyango, njengoko oku kusenokuphelisa ubungqina. Kufuneka uze nempahla obuyinxibe ngexesha lodlwengulo ukuze nazo zivavanyelwe ubungqina obunokufumaneka.
Ukuba amapolisa athe ambamba umrhanelwa, kuya kufuneka aziswe ngaphambili ze uzame ukumkhomba umntu okudlwengulileyo ukuba ungomnye wabantu abakhoyo kwelo qela. Ukuba isikhululo samapolisa sineendlela ezimbini zesipili, oku kuya kusetyenziswa xa kuqhutywa oku kuvezwa kobuso. Akufunekanga ukuba ude umphathe umntu omrhanelayo kwaye kufuneka ungakuvumeli oku xa kukho umntu othe yenza njalo.
Xa unikezela ingxelo yakho, kufuneka unikezele iinkcukacha ezininzi kangangoko unako malunga nokuthe kwenzeka ingakumbi xa umntu okudlwengulileyo ethe wakoyikisa ngezisongelo kwakunye nokuba ebendlongondlongo na. Qinisekisa ukuba amapolisa ayazi ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu okudlwengulileyo uya kwazi apho uhlala khona kwaye ukuba uyoyika ukwenza njalo, angahlala njalo ekoyikisa. Olu lulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu nolunokunceda inkundla ekwenzeni isigqibo sokuba alinde ukuxoxwa kwetyala lakhe ngaphandle kwentolongo na okanye hayi xa sele efunyenwe.
Ukuba umntu okudlwengulileyo unikezwe imvume yokuba alinde ukuxoxwa kwetyala lakhe ngaphandle, amapolisa kufuneka akwazise ngoku, kuquka nemiqathango ehamba nale mvume yakhe. Omnye yemiqathango yale mvume ehlala injalo kukuba akasayi kuvunyelwa ukuba athethe nawe okanye akoyikise nangayiphi na indlela. Ukuba uthe wathetha nawe okanye ophule nawuphi na umqathango, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomcuphi ojongene netyala lakho uze unikezele ngaloo ngxelo.
Ngelishwa, ingalixesha elide ukuba ityala lakho liye enkundleni ukuze kuxoxwe, kwaye ukuba amapolisa awafumani bungqina baneleyo, umtshutshisi angagqiba ekubeni angamtshutshisi. Ukuba unazo naziphi na izikhalazo malunga nendlela amapolisa athe aliqwalasela ngayo ityala lakho, kufuneka ufake isikhalazo. Ungalufumana uncedo kuwo nawuphi na omnye wemibutho ethi incedane nabantu abasinde kubundlobongela bodlwengulo ngokulungiselela ukumiselwa kokuxoxwa kwetyala kwanangazo naziphi na iingxaki ezinokuba ziya kukhathaza.
Ngosuku lokuxoxwa kwetyala, zama ukwenza amalungiselelo nomtshutshisi ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwengxoxo, okuba wena uya kufika ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwenkundla ze ube nendawo eyodwa yokuhlala njengokuba usalinde ukuqala kwengxoxo, njengoko iqhelekile into yokuba umdlwenguli nabaxhasi bakhe benze izisongelo nezoyikiso usiva futhi bakoyikise nangezinye iindlela. Ezinye iinkundla zinamagumbi awodwa okulinda amangqina anokusetyenziswa endaweni yokulinda endleleni nje kunye nomdlwenguli kwanabaxhasi bakhe. Ukuba inkundla ayinalo igumbi elilodwalokulinda amangqina, cela umtshutshisi ukuba akuvulele enye i-ofisi ze ulinde.
Nantsi imibutho esebenza ngamaxhoba angamanina nangabantwana asinde kwiintshukumo zokuxhatshazwa (ngokwesondo) apha eNtshona Koloni.
Le ke yinkonzo yokuthuthuzela nokunika iingcebiso kumaxhoba okuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo, maxhoba lawo abudala buli-14 nangaphezulu - isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku.
Le ke yinkonzo yokuthuthuzela nokunika iingcebiso kumaxhoba okuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo, maxhoba lawo abudala buli-14 nangaphezulu - isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku.
Apha kunikezelwa ngoncedo lwezomthetho oluphangaleleyo.
Le ke yinkonzo ejoliswe ekuthinteleni ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana.
Le yona yinkonzo yokuthuthuzela nokunikezela iingcebiso kubantwana abathe bafumana ukuxhatshazwa, ababudala buli-16 leminyaka nangaphantsi.
Eli ke liziko elinikezela ngenkonzo yokuthuthuzela neengcebiso kwiintsapho, kwizibini ezithandayo kwanakwimiba yomtshato.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11457.9669.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba uthe wadlwengulwa okanye wenzakaliswa ngokwesondo, ungagqithisa ingxelo malunga noku emapoliseni. Kukuzithandela kwakho ukuba uyigqithise le ngxelo nokuba ungayigqithisi emapoliseni kodwa ukuba awuyinikezeli, ityala lakho alisayi kuphandwa okanye kufakwe simangalo. Amapolisa awavumelekanga ukuba angavumi ukuphanda ityala lakho, kodwa ukuba awuyigqithisanga ingxelo, ityala lakho alisayi kuphandwa okanye kufakwe simangalo. Kodwa ke, ukuba kukho ubungqina obuncinci emva kophando olwenziwe ngamapolisa, umtshutshisi angagqiba ekubeni angaqhubekeki netyala lakho.
Akukho xesha limisiweyo lokunikezela ngengxelo yetyala lokudlwengulwa, ngexa amanye amatyala esondo enexesha elimisiweyo eliyiminyaka engamashumi amabini. Kodwa ke, ukuba awunikezeli ingxelo yakho ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba udlwenguliwe, ubungqina obusemzimbeni bungangabikho kwaye naliphi na ingqina kunganzima ukulifumana, nokuya kuthi oku kwenze ukuba kube nzima kakhulu ukufaka isimangalo esinempumelelo. Kwakhona, xa unikezela ngengxelo, amapolisa aya kukusa esibhedlele nalapho uya kuthi ufumane unyango lokukhusela isifo sikaGawulayo neNtsholongwane yaso. Kubalulekile ukufumana olu nyango ngokukhawuleza okukhulu emva kokuba udlwengulwe.
Ukuba ungumntwana, okanye unikezela ingxelo egameni lomntwana, eli tyala liya kuqwalaselwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuneqhelekileyo.
Xa umrhanelwa enokuthi akhutshwe ngenggqawule?
Ungayinikezela ngengxelo yodlwengulo ngokuthi uye kwesona kwisikhululo samapolisa sikufutshane nawe. Unganikezela ngengxelo yodlwengulo ngokutsalea umnxeba kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe. Ukuba ugqithisa ingxelo ngomnxeba, amapolisa aya kuthumela inqwelo-mafutha ukuba ikulande. Kodwa ke, ngenxa yokuba le nqwelo-mafutha yamapolisa ingangafumaneki ngokukhawuleza, kungafuneka ukuba ulinde ixesha elide ukuze ulandwe. Ukuba wenzakele kakhulu, kufuneka ubize inqwelo yezigulana okanye kungenjalo, utsalele umnxeba kwinombolo yexesha likaxakeka.
Njengesiqhelo, kufanele ukuba unikezele ingxelo yodlwengulo kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nendawo olwenzeke kuyo olu dlwengulo (nolunokwenzeka kwiindawo ekude kakhulu nendawo ohlala kuyo). Kodwa ke, ukuba uye kwesinye isikhululo samapolisa, amapolisa awavumelekanga ukuba akuthumele kwenye indawo. Kufuneka enze amanyathelo okuqala ophando, ukuquka ukuvula ityala kunye novavanyo lonyango, aze agqithisele eli tyala kwisikhululo samapolisa esifanelekileyo kamva.
Kwisikhululo samapolisa, ungacela ukuthetha nepolisa elibhinqileyo. Kodwa ke, amapolisa abhinqileyo angangabikho kumaxesha athile. Awunyanzelekanga ukuba unikezele ngengxelo yazo zonke iinkcukacha ezithe zenzeka kwi-ofisi yezohlwayo xa unikezela ngengxelo yodlwengulo. Emva kokuba uchazile ukuba ufuna ukunikezela ngengxelo yodlwengulo, kufanele ukuba uthatyathwe usiwe kwindawo esekhusini enjenge-ofisi okanye kwigumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba, nelilelona gumbi lifanelekileyo nelinamagosa azinekeleyo aqeqeshlwe ukukunceda. Izikhululo zamapolisa ezininzi zinawo la magumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba nekufuneka ahlale evuliwe ngawo onke amaxesha, nangeempela-veki kwanasebusuku.
Kufuneka unikezele kuphela ingxelo emfutshane malunga nokuthe kwenzeka ze le ngxelo yodlwengulo ibhalwe kwiincwadi yeziganeko ezenzekileyo (incwadi apho kubhalwa khona zonke iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezenzekileyo) kwisikhululo samapolisa ngaphambi kokuba uthathwe usiwe kuvavanyo lonyango. Kufuneka uzame ukunikezela inkcazelo eneenkcukacha malunga nomntu okudlwenguleyo nalapho ugqibele khona ukumbona ngokukhawuleza ukuze amapolisa azame ukumbamba ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.
Kufuneka unikezele kuphela ingxelo eneenkcukacha malunga nokuthe kwenzeka ngexesha lodlwengulo emva kokuba ufumene uvavanyo lonyango, njengesiqhelo emva kosuku, xa uthe wafumana ixeshana. Le ngxelo ineenkcukacha iya kunikezelwa kumcuphi (igosa elenza uphando) noya kuba lipolisa elilodwa elaziyo malunga neenkcukacha zeli tyala.
Ugqirha karhulumente (uGqirha weSithili) uya kuthi enze uvavanyo lonyango esibhedlele kumaxesha amaninzi. Ungamfumana ugqirha wakho wabucala enze olu vavanyo kodwa kumaxesha amaninzi aba nalo olu qeqesho lokuqokelela ubungqina basenkundleni kwaye bangangalifumani ixesha lokuya enkundleni. Ugqirha kufuneka akunike nonyango lokukhusela isifo sikaGawulayo neNtsholongwane yaso. Ngenxa yokuba injongo yovavanyo lonyango ikukuqokelela ubungqina basenkundleni, akufunekanga ukuba uhlambe ngaphambi kovavanyo lonyango, njengoko oku kusenokuphelisa ubungqina. Kufuneka uze nempahla obuyinxibe ngexesha lodlwengulo ukuze nazo zivavanyelwe ubungqina obunokufumaneka.
Ukuba amapolisa athe ambamba umrhanelwa, kuya kufuneka aziswe ngaphambili ze uzame ukumkhomba umntu okudlwengulileyo ukuba ungomnye wabantu abakhoyo kwelo qela. Ukuba isikhululo samapolisa sineendlela ezimbini zesipili, oku kuya kusetyenziswa xa kuqhutywa oku kuvezwa kobuso. Akufunekanga ukuba ude umphathe umntu omrhanelayo kwaye kufuneka ungakuvumeli oku xa kukho umntu othe yenza njalo.
Xa unikezela ingxelo yakho, kufuneka unikezele iinkcukacha ezininzi kangangoko unako malunga nokuthe kwenzeka ingakumbi xa umntu okudlwengulileyo ethe wakoyikisa ngezisongelo kwakunye nokuba ebendlongondlongo na. Qinisekisa ukuba amapolisa ayazi ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu okudlwengulileyo uya kwazi apho uhlala khona kwaye ukuba uyoyika ukwenza njalo, angahlala njalo ekoyikisa. Olu lulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu nolunokunceda inkundla ekwenzeni isigqibo sokuba alinde ukuxoxwa kwetyala lakhe ngaphandle kwentolongo na okanye hayi xa sele efunyenwe.
Ukuba umntu okudlwengulileyo unikezwe imvume yokuba alinde ukuxoxwa kwetyala lakhe ngaphandle, amapolisa kufuneka akwazise ngoku, kuquka nemiqathango ehamba nale mvume yakhe. Omnye yemiqathango yale mvume ehlala injalo kukuba akasayi kuvunyelwa ukuba athethe nawe okanye akoyikise nangayiphi na indlela. Ukuba uthe wathetha nawe okanye ophule nawuphi na umqathango, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomcuphi ojongene netyala lakho uze unikezele ngaloo ngxelo.
Ngelishwa, ingalixesha elide ukuba ityala lakho liye enkundleni ukuze kuxoxwe, kwaye ukuba amapolisa awafumani bungqina baneleyo, umtshutshisi angagqiba ekubeni angamtshutshisi. Ukuba unazo naziphi na izikhalazo malunga nendlela amapolisa athe aliqwalasela ngayo ityala lakho, kufuneka ufake isikhalazo. Ungalufumana uncedo kuwo nawuphi na omnye wemibutho ethi incedane nabantu abasinde kubundlobongela bodlwengulo ngokulungiselela ukumiselwa kokuxoxwa kwetyala kwanangazo naziphi na iingxaki ezinokuba ziya kukhathaza.
Ngosuku lokuxoxwa kwetyala, zama ukwenza amalungiselelo nomtshutshisi ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwengxoxo, okuba wena uya kufika ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwenkundla ze ube nendawo eyodwa yokuhlala njengokuba usalinde ukuqala kwengxoxo, njengoko iqhelekile into yokuba umdlwenguli nabaxhasi bakhe benze izisongelo nezoyikiso usiva futhi bakoyikise nangezinye iindlela. Ezinye iinkundla zinamagumbi awodwa okulinda amangqina anokusetyenziswa endaweni yokulinda endleleni nje kunye nomdlwenguli kwanabaxhasi bakhe. Ukuba inkundla ayinalo igumbi elilodwalokulinda amangqina, cela umtshutshisi ukuba akuvulele enye i-ofisi ze ulinde.
Nantsi imibutho esebenza ngamaxhoba angamanina nangabantwana asinde kwiintshukumo zokuxhatshazwa (ngokwesondo) apha eNtshona Koloni.
Le ke yinkonzo yokuthuthuzela nokunika iingcebiso kumaxhoba okuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo, maxhoba lawo abudala buli-14 nangaphezulu - isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku.
Le ke yinkonzo yokuthuthuzela nokunika iingcebiso kumaxhoba okuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo, maxhoba lawo abudala buli-14 nangaphezulu - isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku.
Apha kunikezelwa ngoncedo lwezomthetho oluphangaleleyo.
Le ke yinkonzo ejoliswe ekuthinteleni ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana.
Le yona yinkonzo yokuthuthuzela nokunikezela iingcebiso kubantwana abathe bafumana ukuxhatshazwa, ababudala buli-16 leminyaka nangaphantsi.
Eli ke liziko elinikezela ngenkonzo yokuthuthuzela neengcebiso kwiintsapho, kwizibini ezithandayo kwanakwimiba yomtshato.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11458.93366.93366.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ukusela utywala ezidlangalaleni ukuphazamisana nokuhamba kakuhle kwabahambi ngeenyawo okanye kwezithuthi emva kokuyalwa ukuba ungakwenzi oko ukuchama okanye ukuwisa ilindle esidlangalaleni okanye esitalatweni ukungcolisa ukulwa esitalatweni ukuthuka esitalatweni ukukhwaza, ukungxola kakhulu okanye ukwenza ingxolo ekungekho sidingo sayo esitalatweni ukungena ngaphandle kwemvume kumhlaba wabucala ukungcakaza esitalatweni ukwenza okanye ukuzibandakanya neentshukumo zokuthengisa ngomzimba esitalatweni.
Ezinye nje iintshukumo ezingephi zokwaphulwa kwemithetho yoomaspala, nazo zingathunyelwa kwezi Nkundla Zasekuhlaleni.
Ukuba umntu othile uthe wabanjwa wavalelwa ngemva kwemini okanye malanga ngosuku oluphakathi evekini, loo mntu uya kuchitha obo busuku kwisisele sesikhululo samapolisa avalelwe kuso. Kungentsasa elandelayo apho aya kuthunyelwa kwizisele zeNkundla Yasekuhlaleni, apho aya kuvavanywa ahlatywe nemibuzo, ukuba kuyakwazeka kwangolo suku, injongo yale nkqubo ke kukuba abo bathe babanjwa bavalelwa bachithe ubusuku bube bunye kuphela eziseleni. Apha ke akukho kumiswa kwamatyala.
Amatyala amaninzi ke athi asobnjululwe zezi Nkundla Zasekuhlaleni kwiiyure nje ezingamashumi amathathu anesithandathu ebanjiwe umntu lowo.
Oonontlalo-ntle, abameli bemibutho engekho burhulumenteni efana neNICRO, kwakunye namagqwetha eBhodi Yoncedo Lwezomthetho ndawonye neeklinikhi zeedyunivesithi zoncedo lwezomthetho ahlala ekho kwezi Nkundla Zasekuhlaleni.
iiNkundla Zasekuhlaleni ziyingxenye yesicwangciso-qhinga sokuthintela iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezixhomisa amehlo ngokuthi zijongane kakuhle neentshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezingaxhomisi mehlo kuqala. Ezi nkundla ke ziyakunceda nasekwehliseni umthwalo omkhulu wamatyala ekujongwana nawo ziiNkundla zooMantyi.
Ezi Nkundla Zasekuhlaleni ekubuyiseleni aboni kwisimo esisiso nesamkelekileyo sokuphila; izigwebo ezininzi eziwiswa zezi Nkundla Zasekuhlaleni zibandakanya isohlwayo, ukusebenzela uluntu okanye isigwebo esixhonyiweyo, oko kuxhomekeke ke nakuvavanyo lwaloo mntu wonileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11458.94929.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Yeyiphi Imiba Echotshelwayo kwiiNkundla Zokulingana?
Ziphi iiNkundla Zokulingana?
Ndingasenza Njani Isikhalazo Esinento Yokwenza Nokulingana?
Kuya Kuthabatha Ixesha Elingakanani Ukuba Isikhalazo Sam Siye Enkundleni?
Yintoni Usuku Lokunikezela Umkhomba-ndlela?
Kuya Kwenzeka Ntoni Ematyaleni?
Intetho Ebangela Intiyo.
Noxa kunjalo ke, ukuba isikhalazo sakho sinento yokwenza nomsebenzi wakho isicelo sesithuba sengqesho, kuya kufuneka uqale uhlangane nenkundla yemicimbi yabasebenzi okanye iqumrhu elikumila kunjalo elifana neCCMA. Ukuba emva kokuba inkundla yemicimbi yabasebenzi ilichophele ityala lakho kusekho izipheze ezisaseleyo, unakho ke ngoku ukuya kwiNkundla Ejongene Nokulingana ukuze iqwalasele ezo ziphene.
Kufuneka uhlale usazi ke kodwa ukuba zizikhalazo ngezinto ezenzeke emva komhla we-16 kwinyanga yeSilimela ka-2003 kuphela ezinokusiwa kule Nkundla Ijongene Nokulingana. Ngoko ke akunakho, umzekelo, ukusa izikhalazo zeentshukumo ezehla ngexesha lenkqubo yobandlululo kule Nkundla.
Ezi Nkundla Zijongene Nokulingana zikwizakhiwo ezineenkundla zoomantyi. Inkundla nganye apha eNtshona Kapa inegosa elibizwa ngokuba liGosa leNkundla Ejongene Nokulingana eliqeqeshelwe ukuncedana noluntu kwimiba enento yokwenza nokulingana. Ukuba uthi utsalele okanye utyelele iNkundla kaMantyi ekufutshane nawe ngeenjongo zokufaka isikhalazo esinento yokwenza nokulingana kufuneka ucele ukuncokola neli gosa. Ukuba akukwazi kufumana ncedo ngomba onento yokwenza nokulingana kwiNkundla kaMantyi ekufutshane nawe, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba uMbhexeshi weNkundla Ejongene Nokulingana, uNico Geldenhuys kule nombolo yomnxeba wesinqe 084 951 0461 ukuze umnike ingxelo ngale meko.
Eli Gosa ke liya kusibhala phantsi isikhalazo eso sakho ze lisithumele kuMantyi weNkundla Ejongene Nokulingana okufutshane. Okwangoku zisene kuphela iinkundla ezinoomantyi beeNkundla Ezijongene Nokulingana. Ezi nkundla ke zaziwa ngokuba ziiNkundla Ezijongene Nokulingana yaye zise-Atlantis, eGeorge, eKuilsriver naseVostile.
Yiya kwiNkundla kaMantyi ekufutshane nawe ze uthethe negosa leNkundla Ejongene Nokulingana, eliza kukunceda ugcwalise iphetshana elineenkcukacha ngesi sikhalazo nelinikezela ngeenkcukacha zomntu ommangalelayo (obizwa ngokuba ngummangalelwa) Kufuneka ubuncinci ube negama okanye ke idilesi yommangalelwa lowo, kuba ngaphandle koko, eli tyala aliyi kuya ndawo.
Igosa lale nkundla, kwisithuba seentuku ezisixhenxe esithabathile isikhalazo sakho, lazise abamangalelwa ngesi sikhalazo. Ummangalelwa ke yena unesithuba seentsuku ezilishumi sokuzithethelela. Abamangalelwa abanyanzelekanga ukuba baphendule xa bengafuni. Igosa lale nkundla kufuneka likuthumele ikopi yempendulo yommangalelwa kwisithuba seentsuku ezisixhenxe. Eli gosa ke kufuneka emva koko lithumele zonke ezi nkcukacha kuMantyi weNkundla Ejongene Nokulingana kwisithuba seentsuku ezintathu.
uMantyi ke uthi athabathe isigqibo sokuba esi sikhalazo simele ukuchotshelwa yiNkundla Ejongene Nokulingana kusini na (isigqibo sokuba le nkundla inawo na amagunya okusichophela) okanye kufuneka sithunyelwe kwelinye iqumrhu, elifana mhlawumbi neKomishoni Yamalungelo Oluntu okanye iNkundla Yemicimbi Yabasebenzi. UMantyi kufuneka asenze esi sigqibo kwisithuba seentsuku ezisixhenxe. Ukuba esi sikhalazo sithunyelwe kwelinye iqumrhu, lonke olo xwebhu kufuneka luthunyelwe kwelo qumrhu, qumrhu elo lineenyanga ezimbini zokuqulunqa ingxelo yenkqubela yeli tyala.
Ukuba uMantyi uthi afikelele kwisigqibo sokuba iNkundla Ejongene Nokulingana kufuneka ilichophele eli tyala, kufuneka igosa lale nkundla lize nosuku eliza kuchotshelwa ngalo okokuqala, suku olo lubizwa ngokuba "lusuku lokuza nomkhomba-ndlela", kwisithuba seentsuku ezintathu emva emva kwesigqibo sikaMantyi, ze lazise wena nommangalelwa ngexesha, inkundla nendawo eliza kuchotshelwa kuyo.
Kweli thuba lokuchotshelwa kwetyala elo, umantyi unikezela ngomkhomba-ndlela, yiyo ke le nto olu suku lubizwa njengolokunikezela umkhomba-ndlela. Oku kuthetha ukuba uMantyi lo uya kuthi acacise oko kungeyombambano (oko wena nommangalelwa nivana kuko), acacisele ummangali nommangalelwa okuza kwenzeka, abize abantu abaza kucacisela ummangali nommangalelwa ngako konke abanokungakuqondi, ze achaze nosuku lokuchotshelwa kakuhle kweli tyala. Ummangalelwa akanyanzelekanga ukuba azimase kolu suku lokunikezela umkhomba-ndlela, kodwa mhlawumbi kuya kumnceda ukuzimasa.
Igosa lale nkundla liya kunibiza nobabini nommangalelwa ukuze nibekho xa lichotshelwa eli tyala. Ummangalelwa kufuneka azimase ke kweli ithuba. Ukuba ummangalelwa akazimasi, oku kuthetha ukuba udela inkundla, yaye kuya kukhutshwa umyalelo wokuba avalelwe. Ngapha koko, inkundla le ingafikelela kwisigwebo engekho ummangalelwa lo.
Noxa kunjalo ke, ukuba ummangalelwa uthi angazimasi, le meko iya kuchotshelwa ngokwemigangatho yobungqina esetyenziswayo kumatyala eembambano. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba kufuneka unikezele ubungqina ngesikhalazo sakho "ngendlela ekholelekayo necacileyo", hayi "ngendlela engaphaya kwamathandabuzo" njengakwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho. Ungamelwa ligqwetha, kodwa ke nabani na onokuthanda ukuba akuncede kweli tyala angakumela - abanyanzelekanga ukuba babe ngamagqwetha.
Ukuba le nkundla ifumanisa umntu ommangalelayo enetyala, kukho uthotho lweembuyekezo onokuyicela le nkundla ukuba ikunike.
Le nkundla inakho nokuqinisekisa iziphumo zesisombululo ofikelele kuso nomntu obummangalele. Le nkundla iya kuqwalasela ukuba esi sisombululo asinamkhethe na nokuba akunyanzeliswanga ekusityikityeni na.
Akukho zintlawulo zenkundla kwiNkundla Ejongene Nokulingana. Kodwa ke, umntu ngamnye kule Nkundla Ijongene Nokulingana kufuneka azihlawulele iindleko zakhe, ngaphandle kokuba inkundla ithi ilawule ngenye indlela. Amangqina abiziweyo kuufuneka kufuneka efumene iR100 umntu ngamnye ngosuku, eliyintlawulo eza kukhutshwa ngulowo uwabizayo, ngaphandle kokuba inkundla igqiba ekubeni kufuneka ehlawulelwe ngumbuso.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11459.103208.103208.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-Hands Off Our Children Campaign (iHOOC ngamafuphi) yaphehlelelwa ngenyanga yoKwindla ngo-2002 ukunceda ekulweni ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana eNtshona Koloni. Eli phulo lisebenzisana noluntu ekuhlaleni ukuqnisekisa ukwaziswa koluntu ngokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana, kuziwe namacebo okuthintela lo mkhuba nokuncedana namaxhoba. I-HOOC le ikuthabatha ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana njengengxaki enobuzaza nekufuneka ishukuxwe mbombo zone ngumntu wonke nkalo, zonke. Kungoko ke iinkqubo zokuthintela nezokufundisa uluntu ziqalwa ezikolweni, kwiindawo zokukhonza kwanakwamanye amaziko asekuhlaleni.
Kucingeleka ukuba bangamakhulu amahlanu amawaka abantwana abathi baphathwe gadalala eMzantsi Afrika ngonyaka.
Lishumi elinesihlanu kuphela kwikhulu ngalinye lezehlo zokuphathwa gadalala kabantwana ezixelwayo nezidluliselwa phambili eNtshona Koloni.
Le nkqubo ifundisa abahlohli nabafundi ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabo malunga nokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana. Abafundi bayakhuthazwa ukuba banikezele ingxelo ngeentshukumo zokuphathwa gadalala yaye bakwanikwa neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zeHOOC.
Le nkqubo yokunonotshelwa kwabantwana ngabazali ifundisa abazali ukuba baziphathe njani na xa benxunguphele naxa benemisindo nokuba bathethe njani na nabantwana babo ngemiba yesondo nokuphathwa gadalala.
Le nkqubo incada amaxhoba okuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana ngokuwanika inkxaso ngokomoya nokuwanceda athi abuze apho angaqondi khona.
Eli nyathelo lisebenzisana nootitshala, oonontlalo-ntle, amapolisa kwakunye nabatshutshisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba indlela ephucukileyo yokunxibelelana phakathi kwabo kwanokuthintela ukulibaziseka kumaziko aseburhulumenteni ekusebenzeni ngamatyala okuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11459.9518.9518.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iSebe Lephondo Lokhuseleko Loluntu linikezela ngenkxaso-mali kumaphulo alwa nolwaphulo-mthetho aqhutywa yimibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente ebhalisiweyo kwakunye namabutho Asekuhlaleni Alwa Nolwaphulo-mthetho.
ekuxhaseni iintshukumo zeSAPS ezichasene neentshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezingabandakanyi maxhoba (umzekelo: ukushishina ngokuthubelezisa iziyobisi).
Ukuze ube nokufikelela kule nkxaso-mali, iphulo lakho kufuneka liqhutywe ngumbutho ongekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente okanye iButho Lasekuhlaleni Elilwa Nolwaphulo-mthetho. Ukuba umbutho wakho awubhaliswanga, kufuneka uqale uwubhalise.
Emva koko ke kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo, phetshana elo lifumaneka kwiSebe Lokhuseleko Loluntu okanye kwizikhululo zamapolisa okanye ke kwakhona kule website, ze ulingenise kweli Sebe.
Eli Sebe lenza uphando lokufumanisa ukuba ngaba la maphulo aya kusebenza ngokwenyani na ze iqulunqe izibhambathiso ezidingekayo ukuba isicelo esithile siye saphumelela. Xa iphulo elo sele liqoshelisiwe, liye liphicothwe ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni na esebenzayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11459.9545.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iqela elilwa ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni liqela labahlali basebumelwaneni nabathi bavumelane ekusekeni eli qela emva kokuxoxa lo mba kunye nabantu abahlala kummandla wabo. Injongo yeli qela kukukhuthaza ubudlelwane obufanelekileyo phakathi kwabahlali kwakunye nokusebenza njengo-'gcinikhaya' kulo mmandla, ngamanye amaxesha ngokujikeleza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokuhlala rhoqo belindele okunokwenzeka kwimisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho ze bazise amapolisa xa okunjalo kuthe kwenzeka.
Amapolisa aya kuzama ukonyula amapolisa ahlala ekhaya anokubizwa nanini na ukuba abe liliso koku kugada nangaliphi na ixesha eli qela lamasolomzi lisebenza ngalo. Amanye amalungu eli qela aye abe ngamapolisa ahlala ekhaya alindele ukubizwa nanini na. Iqela ngalinye loogcinikhaya linendawo yalo enemida ecacileyo ngaphakathi kummandla wamapolisa. Kungakho ngaphezulu kweqela elinye loogcinikhaya kummandla nelincedwa sisikhululo esinye samapolisa, njengoko imimandla yezikhululo zamapolisa imikhulu kakhulu.
Iqela lakho loogcinikhaya kufuneka libhalise kwisikhululo samapolisa kwingingqi kunye nakwiForum yamaPolisa Asekuhlaleni (CPF) kummandla wakho wamapolisa. Xa ubhalisa, kufuneka wamkele umgaqo-siseko nomgaqo wendlela yokuziphatha ohambelana noMgaqo-siseko wePhondo noMgaqo Wokuziphatha Wamaqela ooGcinikhaya. Ekuqalekeni kunyaka ka-2003, bekukho amaqela oogcinikhaya angamakhulu amabini anamashumi asixhenxe anesixhenxe abhalisiweyo eNtshona Koloni.
Xa sele iqela lakho loogcinikhaya sele libhalisiwe, ungalicelela inkxaso-mali kwakunye nezixhobo kunye noqeqesho kwiSebe laseNtshona Koloni loKhuseleko loLuntu. Angaphezulu kwekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu amasolomzi eNtshona Koloni asele afumene izixhobo kunye noqeqesho kweli Sebe.
ukusonjululwa kweempikiswano inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho ubundlobongela basekhaya amalungelo oluntu ukulwa umlilo uncedo lokuqala inkqubo kanomathotholo ukuzikhusela.
oonomathotholo abagcina iinkcukacha zeengozi iintonga zamapolisa izixhobo zoncedo lokuqala izixhobo zokuqhobosha izandla zabarhanelwa nabaphuli-mthetho iibhatyi iivesti ezibonisayo iithotshi izixhobo zokukhangela zezithuthi oonomathotholo ekuqhagamshelana kuzo abantu ababini iimpempe.
Ukuqhagamshelana neqela lakho loogcinikhaya, jonga kolu luhlu. Umntu onokuqhagamshelana naye kwiqela ngalinye loogcinikhaya ubhaliwe kolu luhlu. Khumbula ukuba kungakho ngaphezulu kweqela elinye loogcinikhaya kummandla wakho. Kungenjalo, ungaqhagamshelana nesikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe okanye iForum yamaPolisa Asekuhlaleni.
Ukubhalisa iqela lakho loogcinikhaya, kufuneka ubhalise kwisikhululo samapolisa kwingingqi kunye ne-CPF ekufutshane kwingingqi yakho kwakunye neSebe loKhuseleko loLuntu. Kufuneka ugqibelise ngeSebe xa usenza ubhaliso lwakho. Oku kubangelwa kukuba enye yeemfuno zalo kukuba kufuneka ubonise ukuba ubhalisile kwingingqi yakho kuqala.
amagama neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zamalungu ekomiti yakho inani lamalungu ikopi yomgaqo-siseko wenu ikopi yomgaqo wendlela yokuziphatha iingxelo zemali, ukuba oogcinikhaya bane-akhawunti ebhankini kunye nobukho okanye ukwenzeka kwentengiselwano ngezemali eyona ndawo ekuza kusetyenzwa kuyo, umzekelo, amagama ezitalato.
ISebe loKhuseleko loLuntu liya kufuna ukuba ninikezele iphetshana elineenkcukacha. Kweli phetshana, kufuneka nichaze ukuba nibhalisile kwisikhululo senu samapolisa kwingingqi kunye ne-CPF kwakunye nokuba ninawo umgaqo-siseko kunye nomgaqo wendlela yokuziphatha ohambelana noMgaqo-siseko wePhondo kunye noMgaqo weNdlela Yokuziphatha yoKwakhiwa kweqela elilwa ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni.
Ungaqhagamshelana naye naxa ufuna ukwenza isicelo sezixhobo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11460.9509.9509.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ngexesha likaxakeka elifuna impendulo yamapolisa, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo: 10111. Ngexesha likaxakeka elifuna inqwelo yezigulana, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo: 10177. Kwezi nombolo zombini, kufuneka ukwazi ukuchaza ukuba uphi na kwaye kutheni na ufuna impendulo engxamisekileyo. Zombini ezi nombolo zitsalelwa simahla.
Kummandla wolawulo lwenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, ungatsalela kule nombolo: 107 (simahla xa utsalela kumnxeba wasekhayeni okanye komnye weminxeba kawonke-wonke) NGALO NALIPHI NA ixesha likaxakeka okanye lentlekele. Kufuneka uchaze ukuba yintoni na ingxaki (ngumlilo, ukuhlangulwa entabeni, ingozi kwizithuthi, ulwaphulo-mthetho, njalo-njalo.), umntu okuncedayo uya kuqinisekisa ukuba impendulo echanekileyo kweli xesha lale ngxaki iya kunceda. Kufuneka kwakhona ukwazi ukuchaza ukuba iphi na le ngxaki.
Ukutsalela inombolo u-107 kumnxeba wesandla akusayi kusebenza. Ukutsalela inombolo yexesha likaxakeka yaseKapa enye kumnxeba wesandla, tsalela kule nombolo: 021 480 7700. Oku kuya kukudla intlawulo eqhelekileyo yomnxeba wesandla.
Kodwa ke, ukuba utsalela umnxeba kumnxeba wesandla, ungatsalela u-112 kwaye uya kudityaniswa neziko lenkampani yakho yoqhagamshelwano ngexesha likaxakeka. Umnxeba oya ku-112 kumnxeba wesandla awuhlawulelwa kwaye uyakwazi ukuyitsalela nakumnxeba wesandla ongenamali yakwenza mnxeba (oku kungenzeka naxa ungenalo ikhadi iSIM). Iminxeba yexesha likaxakeka kujongwana nayo kuqala kwaye xa olu thungelwano luxakekile, eminye iminxeba engenayo iya kubekwa phantsi ukuze kuthathwe lo wakho ungxamisekileyo. Olu thungelwano kufuneka, ngokwamaphepha-mvume alo, lunikezele ezi ngxelo kwiinkonzo ezintlanu zexesha likaxakeka (umlilo, inqwelo-mafutha yezigulana, amapolisa, ukuhlangulwa elwandle kwanakwizithuthi).
Uthungelwano ngomnxeba wesandla nalo luneenkonzo ezizodwa ezahlukeneyo zexesha likaxakeka onokuthi uzitsalele ukongeza ku-112 okanye njengengxenye yokutsalela u-112. Buza kwiziko lakho lothungelwano (uCell C, uMTN okanye uVodacom) ukuze wazi ukuba zithini na ezi nombolo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba nangona iminxeba engenayo kolu thungelwano ingahlawulelwa, kuya kufuneka uhlawulele naluphi na unyango okanye iinkonzo ezizezinye ezithe zanikezelwa ziinkampani zabucala ezithungelana nothungelwano onokuthi ulusebenzise.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11460.9598.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ulixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungenzakala ngokwasemphefumlweni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, isikhululo samapolisa yayingeyondawo apho amaxhoba, ingakumbi kulwaphulo-mthetho lobundlobongela, anokuziva ekhululekile xa egqithisa ingxelo yawo kumapolisa, okanye indawo abanokuthi bafumane uncedo lonyango ekonzakaleni ngokwasemphufumlweni.
ISebe loKhuseleko loLuntu ke ngoko liye laxhasa ngemali amagumbi abizwa ngokuba ngamagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba, kwakunye 'namagumbi akhuselekileyo' kwisikhululo ngasinye samapolisa eNtshona Koloni. Phantse zonke izikhululo zamapolisa (kodwa ingezizo ezingamathanga) sele zinawo amagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba; kukho amagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba alikhulu elinamashumi amabini anethoba eNtshona Koloni.
Eli gumbi lifanele ukuba lingabikho elubala kakhulu kune-ofisi yokumangala, kwaye libe nefenitshala efanelekileyo. Nangona igumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba lohlukile, xa sele inkqubo yokumisa amagumbi igqityiwe, igumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba ngalinye kufuneka libe negosa lamapolisa eliqeqeshwe ngokukodwa, umcebisi okufundeleyo oku kunye namagosa azinikeleyo aqeqeshiweyo nawo afumaneke.
Okwangoku, izibonelelo kunye noncedo onokulufumana lwahlukile ngokwamagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba. Abanye kubacebisi okanye amagosa azikeleyo angangafumaneki ngawo onke amaxesha kodwa ahlala elindile kwaye kufuneka atsalelwe umnxeba ukuba eze azokunceda xa kufanelekile.
I-NGO Rape Crisis yenze uphicotho-zincwadi malunga nobume bangoku kumagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba ekufumaniseni ukuba ngubani na ofumanekayo ekuncedeni amaxhoba kwigumbi ngalinye lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba kwakunye nokuba loluphi na uhlobo loqeqesho abanalo. Ungakhangela apha ukujonga ukuba loluphi na uncedo onokulufumana kwisikhululo sakho samapolisa.
Xa sele uyinikezele ingxelo malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe kuwe kwi-ofisi yamatyala kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe, kufuneka ucele ukuya kwigumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba lesikhululo eso ukuze unikezele ngengxelo yakho egcweleyo, xa uziva ukhathazekile ngokwasemphefumlweni.
Ukuba ufuna uncedo neengcebiso, kufuneka ubuze ukuba bakho na abacebisi okanye amagosa azinikeleyo kwigumbi lokuthuthuzela amaxhoba okanye alindelwe ukubizwa uze ucele amapolisa awatsalele umnxeba ukuze afike akuncede.
Ukuba ungathanda ukuba ngomnye wamagosa azinikeleyo kumagumbi okuthuthuzela amaxhoba, ungaqhagamshelana nenkumanda yesikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe. Kufuneka uze nokuthile okuza kukuchaza ukuba ungubani na, wazi namaxesha oya kuthi ufumaneke ngawo.
eke ngawo ukuze ukwazi ukunceda.
Amapolisa aya kuthi akubuze ngemvelaphi yakho aze akuqalise ukuba usebenze njengegosa elizinikeleyo kwixesha elithile elimiselweyo. Uya kufumana uqeqesho ukuba oku awukufundelanga, ngexesha apho eso sikhululo samapolisa sakho siza kube silindelwe ukuba siqalise uqeqesho lwaso, njengoko lusenziwa ngokwamaqela.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11462.9640.9640.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Senziwa Njani Isicelo Sephepha-mvume?
Iphepha-mvume Lisebenza Ixesha Elingakanani?
Mingaphi Imipu Umntu Anokuba Nayo?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Sendinalo Iphepha-mvume?
Luyintoni Na Uxanduva Lwam Xa Ndinompu okanye Ndifuna Ukuba Nompu?
Ngokwemigaqo yalo mthetho ungentla apha, abafaki-zicelo kufuneka baye kuvavanyelwa ukufumanisa ukuba bakwimo ekulungeleyo na ukusetyenziswa kwemipu phambi kokuba babe nokufaka izicelo zaloo maphepha-mvume. Isebe Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika liya kunikezela ngeziqinisekiso zokuphunyelelwa kovavanyo lokungelelana kwemeko yomfaki-sicelo nokusetyenziswa kompu kubafaki-zicelo abaphumeleleyo, abaya kuthi ke emva koko bavumeleke ekubeni nemipu.
Esi siqinisekiso sokulungelelana kwemo yomfaki-sicelo nokusetyenziswa kompu licandelo elitsha ekunikezelweni kwamaphepha-mvume okuba nemipu eMzantsi Afrika.
Akwazi ukusebenzisa umpu, (kufuneka ube kanti ugqibe izifundo ezisisisekelo ekusetyenzisweni kwemipu kwiziko lolu qeqesho elisemthethweni).
Esi siqinisekiso sisebenza iminyaka emihlanu yaye kufuneka sibe kanti sisasebenza ngexesha ufaka isicelo sokuba nompu.
Amapolisa okanye inkundla ingafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba awukulungelanga ukuba uphathe umpu. Esi sigqibo naso sikuthintela iminyaka de ibe mihlanu ukuba ube nompu.
Ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso sokulungelana kwakho nokusetyenziswa kompu, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo (iSAPS 517) ze ulifake kwiGosa Elijongene Nezicelo Zamaphepha-mvume Emipu kwisikhulullo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe. Isebe Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika sele lilungise imiyalelo eneenkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngokugcwaliswa kweli phetshana lesicelo sesiqinisekiso sokulungelana kwemo yomfaki-sicelo nokusetyenziswa kompu.
Ukuba sele unaso isiqinisekiso esisebenzayo sokumelana kwemo yakho nokusetyenziswa kompu, ungakwazi ukufaka isicelo sokuba nompu.
Ungenise iphetshana lesicelo (uForm SAP 271) kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nekhaya lakho ze unikezele intlawulo ebekiweyo ngokuthi uncamathisele isitampu seso sixa semali kwelo phetshana lesicelo. Isebe Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika lilungise imiyalelo eneenkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngokugcwaliswa kweli phetshana lesicelo.
Utyikitye iphetshana lesicelo elibonisa ukuba uyawazi umthetho olawula abanini bemipu.
Wenze isibhambathiso ngawo onke amatyala owakha wawenza.
Kuthatyathwe imizila yeminwe yakho.
Zizikhululo zamapolisa ezincinci okanye ezikumagqagala amaphandle kuphela ezingenawo amagosa ajongene nezicelo zamaphepha-mvume emipu. Nokuba isikhululo samapolisa esithile asinalo eli gosa, kuya kubakho umntu onokukunceda apho kuso. Eli gosa liya kukunceda ngokugcwalisa eli phetshana lesicelo ze lidlane iindlebe nawe. Amanye ala magosa athanda ukuba abafaki-zicelo benze idinga lokuhlangana nawo kwangexesha.
Xa sele usingenisile isicelo, igosa elijongene nezicelo zamaphepha-mvume emipu liya kukunika isiqinisekiso esingqina ukuba uluphumelele olo vavanyo ze liqhubekeke nesicelo sakho. Le nkqubo yokwenziwa kwesicelo sakho iquka utyelelo lokuphicothwa komgangatho wokhuseleko lwetyesi oza kufihla kuyo lo mpu, apho igosa elijongana nezicelo zamaphepha-mvume emipu lityelela ikhaya lakho ze lijongisise ukuba ityesi leyo yakho okanye igumbi lakho lokhuseleko liyamelana na nemimiselo, futhi olu phicotho lungaquka namathuba odliwano-ndlebe ngomnxeba okanye ubuso ngobuso neqabane lakho kunye nomqeshi wakho. Eli gosa lisenakho nokukhangela ukuba akuzange na wabandakanyeka kulwaphulo-mthetho okanye akukho zimpepha zikuchaza njengomntu onobundlobongela ekhaya, nokuba ngaba sele unalo na elinye iphepha-mvume lokuba nompu.
Emva kokuba lijonge lakhangela konke ngokokhuseleko lwalo mpu, eli gosa liya kugqithisela iphetshana lesicelo kwanezinye iimpepha ezixhasa esi sicelo kuXwebhu Lukazwelonke Lwemipu ePitoli, mpepha ezo ziya kube zikhatshwa ziziphakamiso zokuba likhutshwe na iphepha-mvume lokuba nompu okanye lingakhutshwa. Uxwebhu Lwemipu lulo oluya kufikelela kwisigqibo sokugqibela ngokuba siphunyezwe na esi sicelo okanye singaphunyezwa. Le nkqubo iyonke iqhele ukuthabatha iinyanga ezimbini, ukuba akukho zingxaki ngesicelo eso. Ukuba isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuba nompu sithe sakhatywa, usenokufaka isibheno.
Akukho nani liqingqiweyo kubantu abasebenzisa imipu ngeenjongo zokushishina umzekelo iinkampani zoonogada, abaqeqeshi ngokusetyenziswa kwemipu, abazingeli bempahla yasendle kodwa ke kusebenza imiqathango eqatha.
Ukuba unompu owawufumene ngawo iphepha-mvume ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wemipu omdala nongasasebenziyo futhi elo phepha-mvume belisasebenza ngomhla wamashumi amathathu kweyeSilimela kunyaka ka-2004, elo phepha-mvume lisasebenza de liphinde lihlaziywe ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iFirearms Control Act. Kukho uludwe lweenkqubo ezichaza ukuba kufuneka ulihlaziye nini na iphepha-mvume lakho lokuba nompu. Olu ludwe lweenkqubo lwayanyaniswe nosuku lokuzalwa kwakho.
Xa sele ungenise isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuba nompu phambi komhla wamashumi amathathu kweyeSilimela ku-2004, esi sicelo siseza kuqwalaselwa futhi.
Kufuneka ufumane uqeqesho olusisisekelo kumqeqeshi osemthethweni. Bonke abaqeqeshi abasemthethweni banikwa iziqinisekiso zokukwazi ukusebenzisa imipu liSebe Leenkonzo Zamapolisa oMzantsi Afrika.
Umpu unokuwuthenga kuphela kumthengisi obhalisiweyo.
Ukuba umpu wakho ulahlekile okanye ubiwe, okanye iimpepha zethu zithe zatshabalala, kufuneka unikezele ingxelo ngalo mba emapoliseni.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11463.9601.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iChrysalis Academy inikezela ngenkqubo yokuthintelwa kolwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni, ijolise "kulutsha olusemngciphekweni".
Le nkqubo iya kubathatha, njengophuhliso olumandla lomzimba, lwengqondo nolomphefumlo lubasuse kubomi bokuba ngabaphuli-mthetho nemigwu, ibase kubomi obuya kubaguqula njengabantu, kubanike ukhuseleko ngokwezimali kwanokuncedana noluntu kwiingingqi oluhlala kuzo. Eli ke linyathelo lokuthintela elingafaniyo nenkqubo yokunceda abo basele bonakele bengabaphuli-mthetho nemigewu. Oko ke kuthethe ukuba le nkqubo ijoliswe ekuphuhliseni abantu abaselula ibanike nezakhono ezibaxhobisayo ebomini, kunokusombulula okanye ukuzama ukulungisa iingxaki esele zikho zolwaphulo-mthetho nobugewu.
Abona bantu kujoliswe kubo ngabantu abaselula abaphakathi kwe-17 nama-22 eminyaka ubudala abaphumelele ubuncinci ibanga lesibhozo, abangaphangeliyo nabangazange babanjwe bavalelwe ngenxa yezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Le nkqubo ke okwangoku ixhaswa zifumane nenkxaso-mali kuRhulumente wePhondo. IAcademy le ke yona isePorter Estate eTokai.
Yaqala ngenyanga yeSilimela ka-2000, inkqubo nganye ithatha phakathi kwekhulu nekhulu elinamashumi amabini abafundi balapha eNtshona Koloni, abakhethwe ngokwemigaqo enzima kakhulu. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kweli phulo kuxhomekeke emntwini lowo, kusimahla kubo bonke abantu abathi bazimase.
InqanabaLethuba liquka ukubhengezwa kwale nkqubo kwimibutho yasekuhlaleni kwakunye nabantu abanokuba nomdla njengabafundi.
Amanqanaba amane aseleyo enza intsalela yeeveki ezilishumi elinesibini zale nkqubo. Kwinqanaba ngalinye lale nkqubo abafundi baya kusebenza kakhulu ze badliswe nokudlaliswa, ndawonye namacandelo ahlukeneyo ophuhliso lwengqondo nolwazi ngokubaluleka kolkuzimanya noluntu. Baya kufumana izakhono ezinokusetyenziswa emisebenzini.
InqanabaLokwazisa libeka isiseko ze liseke indlela yemisebenzi yamihla le apho ucoceko nokucoceka komntu ngamnye kugxininiswa khona. Oku ke kukhatshwa kukubekwa kweminqweno, ukukhuthazeka, ukusonjululwa kweengxaki kwanonxibelelwano. Abafundi aba bakwenza nezifundo zempilo nezokutya okusempilweni, ezoncedo lokuqala kwinqanaba lokuqala, ukulwa imililo kwakunye nolwazi ngendalo engqongileyo. Bathi ke emva koko bachithe iiveki ezimbini zenqanaba Wilderness e-Outward Bound, apho kukhangela ukuba bangenza de bafikelele kweliphi na inqanaba abafundi aba, apho bafundiswa banzi ngezinto abanokuzenza nabangenakuzenza, ndawonye nokusebenzisana nabanye abantu kwakunye namandla endalo. Ukwehla intaba ngentambo, ukudlala ngokuqhuba amaphenyane, ukwenyuka amatye kunye nokuhamba ngeenyawo ixesha elide zikho kweli nqanaba.
Xa kubuyelwa eKapa, abafundi bathi bavunyelwe ukuba bafumane iindwendwe okokuqala emva kokuqala kwale nkqubo. Ngeli xesha bonke abafundi bamel' ukuba balolongeke ngokugqibeleleyo, benomfutho yaye banokuzithemba okungummangaliso. Uninzi lwabafundi abatshayayo baya kuba bewuyekile lo mkhwa xa kuleli nqanaba.
Ukulungiswa kwezithuthi ukutywina ukwakha ngezitena iintsimbi imisebenzi yokuchwela amaplanga izakhono ekulungiseni imibane kwakunye nezinye izifundo zithi zinikezelwe kwiiklasi zoqeqesho kwimisebenzi yezandla.
Ukuqeqesha ezemidlalo kuye kufumaneke kweli nqanaba lale nkqubo.
Inqanaba lokugqibelaEliluluntu Ekuhlaleni lijolise ekulungiseleleni ukuphilisana noluntu ekuhlaleni yaye lijolise ikakhulu kwizakhono zokuqhuba ishishini elinempumelelo, ukwaziswa kwiikhompyutha kwakunye nomkhomba-ndlela wekhono lezifundo. Kukwenziwa nothotho lweentshukumo ezamkelekileyo eluntwini ezifana nobugcisa nokuchwela, ukucula, ichess nokufunda.
Kule nkqubo yonke abafundi kulindeleke ukuba bancedise uluntu ekuhlaleni yaye bayakhuthazwa ukuba babe ngamavolontiya. Ukuzimanya nokusebenzisana nemibutho yasekuhlaleni kuyakhuthazwa ngelixa kugxininiswa kakhulu ekuzimanyeni namaphulo emisebenzi yasekuhlaleni efana nokuqeqesha amaqela emidlalo yezikolo, ukuhamba-hamba ekuhlaleni ngeenjongo zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwanokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu ekhayeni ngokuzimanya namaphulo okulima izityalo kwakunye nezinye iintshukumo zokucoca.
iSebe Elijongene Nemicimbi sele Benezidanga lilo elijongana nenkqubela yabo banezidanga isithuba seminyaka emihlanu emva kwezi zifundo yaye liqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi ngayo yonke imisebenzi yokuvolontiya okanye amathuba engqesho ayanikezelwa kwaba bafundi kwakunye neminye imibutho ebandakanyekayo kule nkqubo. Apho ingingqi ethile inabafundi abanezidanga abangamashumi amabini nangaphezulu, kuye kwasekwa amaqela asekuhlaleni okuncedisana nokunika aba bafundi inkxaso abayidingayo. Abafundi abanezidanga badingwa kakhulu yaye ama- 67% kubo bathi baqeshwe ngamashishini angaphezu kwamashumi asixhenxe alapha eNtshona Koloni. Abafundi abanezidanga abangekaphangeli bathi bafakwe kumaphulo afana neSwimsafe neBambanani kwakunye nothotho lwamanye amaphulo aqhutywa ngamasebe nemibutho eyahlukeneyo yaseburhulumenteni.
ube kanti akuphangeli ube waphumelela ibanga lesibhozo ubuncinci ube kanti awuzange wabandakanyeka kwiintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ube uhlala apha eNtshona Koloni.
Noxa kunjalo ke, usenakho ukusifaka isicelo sakho ngoku ungamelani nezinye iimfuno zale nkqubo. Umzekelo, ukuba wawukhe wabandakanyeka kwiintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho okanye akunayo imfund eyaneleyo efunwayo apha, ungavunyelwa ungene ukuba isebe likarhulumente okanye umbutho ongajonge ngeniso uthi ukuthumele apho kwiChrysalis Academy, emva kokusiqwalaselisisa isicelo sakho. Kwakhona, ukuba awungowalapha eNtshona Koloni usengeza kule Academy, kodwa ke kusenokufuneka ukhuphe intlawulo ethile.
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Abafundi ngokwesiqhelo baqala ibanga lokuqala ekuqaleni konyaka abaza kuba neminyaka esixhenxe ngawo. Abantwana banakho ukungena kwiBanga lokuqala kunyaka ongaphambi kwalowo baza kuba neminyaka esixhenxe ngawo ukuba uvavanyo lwe-WCED lubonisa ukuba bakulungele ukuya esikolweni.
Ezinye izikolo zinikezela ngebanga u-R/0 ukunceda abantwana bazilungiselele ukuya kwiBanga lokuqala. Abantwana baqhele ukuvunyelwa ukuba baqale iBanga u-R kunyaka abaza kuba neminyaka emithandathu ngawo.
phepha-mvume lokufunda iphepha-mvume lokuhlala okwexeshana okanye isigxina okanye ubungqina bokuba sele besifakile isicelo sokuhlala eMzantsi Afrika.
Akukho sikolo sinokuphatha kakubi umntwana. Kungoko kungekho sikolo sikaRhulumente sinokuthi abantwana mababhale uviwo lokwamkelwa, okanye salele umntwana ukuba angene kumasango aso kuba abazali bengazihlawulanga okanye bengenakho ukuhlawula iintlawulo.
Faka isicelo sakho kwangethuba kunyaka ongaphambi kwalowo umntwana wakho kufuneka eqale ngawo kwisikolo sakhe esitsha. Iisicelo sakho kufuneka ungasifaki kwisikolo osithandayo kuphela, kodwa izikolo ezikwingingqi yakho usebenzisa isixhobo sokukhangela i'Fumana isikolo'.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11471.15045.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kunyanzelekile ukuba isikolo siqalwe ekuqaleni konyaka xa umfundi lowo aza kuqala iminyaka esixhenxe de afikelele kwiBanga le-9 okanye kuloo nyaka umfundi aya kube efikelela kwiminyaka eli-15 ngawo (nokuba yiyiphi na eyenzeka kuqala).
Isigaba esiPhezulu (AmaBanga 7 ukuya kwele- 9).
Esi sigaba sigxininisa ekufundiseni ukufunda nokubhala, ukubala ngamanani nezakhono zobomi. Abafundi abakwibanga le- 3 baqalisa ukufunda ulwimi olongezelelweyo.
ulwimi, ekuqeqesheleni ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala, nonxibelelwano ukuqonda nokwazi izibalo, izibalo kwanenzululwazi yezibalo ubuchule bezandla nenkcubekeo ufundo-nzulo ngezobomi noluntu, ezentlalo, nezifundo ngezendalo engqongileyo nezoLawulo izifundo zenzululwazi nobugcisa.
ulwimi, ukuqeqeshelwa ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala, nonxibelelwano ukuqonda nokwazi izibalo, izibalo kwanobugcisa bezibalo izifundo zobuchule bezandla nenkcubeko ufundo-nzulu ngezobomi izifundo ngezoluntu nezentlalo izifundo ngezoQoqosho nezoLawulo izifundo zenzululwazi ubugcisa.
Ungaphanda ukuba ziziphi na izikolo zikarhulumente ezikwindawo ohlala kuyo ngokusebenzisa idilesi yekhompyutha kwicandelo lokufuna leSebe lezeMfundo eNtshona Koloni eliyi, 'Fumana iSikolo'.
Ingaba ibiza malini?
Imali ehlawulwa isikolo imiselwe yibhodi elawula isikolo, oko kusenziwa ngentsebenziswano nabazali. Abazali kufuneka behlawule imali yokufunda, oko kusenziwa ngokufaka isicelo sokuvunyelwa bangayihlawuli, okanye bangayihlawuli yonke xa bengenakho ukuyihlawula iphelele.
Iinkcukacha malunga neentlawulo zesikolo kwanokuvunyelwa ukuba ungazihlawuli ziyafumaneka ezikolweni. Ungafumana nezinye uzifunde kwikhompyutha.
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Ingaba ufuna ukuqinisekisa isiqinisekiso sokuphumelela imatriki okanye idiploma yobufundisi-ntsapho Ungasithumela ngefeksi ke isicelo eso sakho ke kwiSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Koloni okanye Kumalusi okanye ke uqhagamshelane nabo ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha?
Xa ufuna ukuqinisekisa isiqinisekiso sokuphumelela imatriki okanye idiploma yobufundisi-ntsapho oyifumene phambi ko-1992 kufuneka uthumele ngefeksi isicelo sakho kwiSebe Lemfundo leNtshona Koloni kule nombolo 021 461 5637. Akukho mfuneko yantlawulo.
Xa ufuna ukuqinisekisa isiqinisekiso sokuphumelela imatriki okanye idiploma yobufundisi-ntsapho oyifumene emva ko-1992 kufuneka uthumele isicelo eso sakho ngefeksi Kumalusi, oliqumrhu eliqinisekisa umgangatho yemfundo noqeqesho oluphangaleleyo kwanolo lugqithelayo, kule nombolo 012 349 1511. Kuya kufuneka ke ukhuphe intlawulo yama-R30 (ngaphandle kwe-VAT) kumaqumrhu abucala ze ibe ngama-R20 kumaqumrhu lseburhulumenteni.
Isicelo eso kufuneka sibhalwe phantsi kwegama leziko elithile.
Ukuba unazo ezinye iikopi zesi siqinisekiso, suka uthumele zona kube kanye. Uya kuyifumana impendulo kwesi sicelo kwisithuba seeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.
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Kwenzeka ntoni xa uthi ulahlekelwe sisiqinisekuiso sakho sebanga leshumi Ungasifumana esinye esithabatha indawo yeso usilahlileyo kwiSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni, ukuba iimviwo zakho zeli banga wazibhalela kweli phondo?
Inyathelo lokuqala kukwenza isigqibo esifungelweyo apho uxela ukuba usilahlile isiqinisekiso sakho. Isigqibo esifungelweyo luxwebhu apho uxela iinyaniso ozaziyo phantsi kwesifungo.
Ungasenza isigqibo esifungelweyo apho uxela ukuba usilahlile isiqinisekiso sakho kuso nasiphi na iSikhululo Samapolisa okanye ke ungacela namphi na uMkomishinala Wezifungo (amagqwetha ngaBakomishinala Bezifungo) 9abanokukunceda wenze isigqibo esifungelweyo.
Emva koko ke kufuneka uthabathe iphetshana uR15 nesi sifungo sakho uzise kwii-ofisi zeSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni, apho unokwenza khona isicelo sakho sesinye isiqinisekiso kwitafile yemibuzo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11478.15098.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ulutsha olusemngciphekweni ngabafundi abaneengxaki ezifana nokusebenzisa ngendlela egwenxa iziyobisi/utywala okanye abakungquzulwano nomhetho. Iingxaki zabo zomphefumlo kwakunye/okanye ezokuziphatha zingumqobo ekufundeni nasekukhuleni kwabo.
eNtshona Koloni nje kuphela mahlanu amanqanaba enkxaso ejzijoliswe ekuthinteleni okanye ekusombululeni iingxaki ezikumila kunje. Uhlobo lwenkxaso nezithintelo ezinokunikwa umfundi ngamnye zixhomekeka kubuzaza bengxaki leyo. Iinkqubo zokungenelela ziquka iinkonzo zenkxaso kwezemfundo, kwezonyango, kwakunye/okanye nezasekuhlaleni.
Inkqubo yokuyala kwangexesha, ejongene nokungenelela kwiimeko zabantwana abasebatsha kakhulu, ifakwa kuzo zonke izikolo. Kwenziwa onke amalinge okuthintela iinzima zomphefumlo kwakunye/okanye ezinento yokwenza nokuziphatha ekudalekeni okanye ekuqhubekeleni phambili.
Inkxaso yomphefumlo kwakunye nesikhokelo ziyanikezelwa kubafundi abakufumana kunzima ukumelana nemiqobo yomphefumlo/eyonakalisa indlela yokuziphatha kwabo kumagumbi okufundela.
Iinkqubo zenkxaso ezisekelwe ezikolweni, iinkqubo zophuhliso ezijoliswe kulutsha kwakunye nokungenelela ngabom ziyanikezelwa kubafundi ababonakala besemngciphekweni wokugxothwa esikolweni, abakhutshwayo kumakhaya abo, okanye abangena kungquzulwano nenkqubo yobulungisa elwa nolwaphulo-mthetho, kwanakubantwana ekubonakala kunyanzelekile ukuba bakhutshwe esikolweni okwexexshana.
Apho kuthi kucace ukuba umfundi othile akazuzanga ngokwezicwangciso kule nkqubo yenkxaso, kusenokuqwalaselwa ukuba loo mfundi athunyelwe kwinkqubo yasekuhlaleni okanye yophuhliso kwiziko lolutsha nemfundo. Umgaqo wokusebenzisa eyona ndlela ingenazithintelo zininzi usetyuenziswa kuyo yonke le nkqubo.
Abantu abatsha bathunyewa kula maziko ngokwemigaqo yemithetho elawula oko. La maziko anikezela ngendawo yokuhlala kwakunye nenkqubo yenkxaso elungiselelwe iingxaki zomntu ngamnye. Isikhokelo sokusebenza ngendlela eyiyo kula maziko sisekelwe kwimigangatho ebekwe liQumrhu Elijongene Namalungelo Omntwana loMbutho Wezizwe Ezimanyeneyo.
Ekuphuculeni iinkonzo ezijoliswe kubafundi abasemngciphekweni.
Ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko, imfundo kwanokuphuhla kwaba bafundi.
Lukho unonophelo olulodwa olunikezelwa kulutsha olukungquzulwano nomthetho okanye abonakele kakhulu emphefumlweni nekunokufuneka benikwe inyameko ngokwasemzimbeni, emphefumlweni nangokwendlela abaziphethe ngayo. Abantu abatsha bathunyelwa kula maziko ziinkundla ngokwemiqathango yemithetho ethile elawula oko ukuze bahlale kuwo njengesinyanzelo.
Umntu omtsha ngamnye unikwa isicwangciso sophuhliso lwakhe ukumnceda abuyele kwisimo sesiqhelo nesamkelekileyo. Ingcali kwimpilo yengqondo, ingcali kunyango lomntu, umongi oqeqeshiweyo kunye nonontlalo-ntle bayafumaneka kwiziko ngalinye ukuze bajongane neemeko zolu lutsha. Abahlohli bafumana noqeqesho olulodwa kwizifundo nasekusebenzeni ngononophelo lwabantwana.
Zintoni Iinkomfa Zeembumba Zeentsapho?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11478.15185.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkqubo yeSebe Lemfundo laseNtshona Koloni Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo isebenzisana nezikolo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kufundiselwa kufundelwe kwizikolo ezikhuselekileyo ngempumelelo.
Amaqhinga ale nkqubo aquka ukufakelwa kwezixhobo zokhuseleko ngelixa kukwajongwana noluntu ekuhlaleni, ngokuthi kuphekwe ukuziphatha kwabafundi kwanokusebenzisana nezikolo ukuzama ukuzuza inkxaso yoluntu ekuhlaleni.
Inkqubo Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo isebenza ngentsebenziswano namapolisa kwakunye nemibutho yeengingqi, mibiutho leyo ifana naogcinumzi abajongene nolwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni kwakunye neeNtlangano Ezijongana Nezinqanda Ulwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni.
Iziko Elamkela Im, inxeba Yenkqubo Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo ifumene ukutsalelwa iminxeba ngabafundi abazifumana bexhatshazwa, futhi ikwasebenza nanjengeziko loqhagamshelwano kwiingxelo zokuqhekeazwa, ukonakaliswa kwakunye nezinye iziganeko eziphazamisana neenzame zokuqinisekisa ukuba izikolozethu zikhuselekile. Inombolo yomnxeba yeli ziko nantsi 0800 45 46 47.
Okanye ke ungaqhagamshelana neZiko Elamkela Iminxeba leNkqubo Yezikolo Ezikhuselekileyo: 0800 45 46 47.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11494.6342.6342.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abadala basoloko bedinga iinkonzo ezizodwa zempilo. Ezi nkonzo ke kusenokufuneka zikhatshwe zezinye iinkonzo ezinokulungela abantu abadala ezifana neenkonzo zezindlu kwanezothutho ezilungele kuphela abantu abadala.
Nakubeni ukuqhutywa kwala Makhaya abantu Abadala ingumsebenzi weSebe Leenkonzo Zoluntu, iSebe Lezempilo liyabandakanyeka kwiimfuno zabadala. Izigulana ezingabantu abadala kwanezo zinezigulo ezingapheliyo, zingalufumana uncedo lolondolozo lwempilo kwimigangatho yonke yonyango, yokuphila kwakhona nezinye iimfuno zempilo. Izigulana zingaya kumakhaya abadala eziwathandayo, zingahlala kwizindlu zazo, ze ezikliniki okanye ziye ezibhedlele xa kuyimfuneko. Izithuthi zingazifumaneka kwamanye amakhaya abantu abadala. Ukongeza, iSebe lijonga qho indlela abadala abatyiswa ngayo kula makhaya abantu abadala. Lukwakho noncedo lwasezindlwini abathi balufumane abadala olunokuthi lufumaneke kumaziko empilo oluntu kwiMetro, le nkonzo baza kuyenzelwa aBadala kwimimandla yasezilalini emva kwenyanga yoKwindla ku-2004.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwabadala yingxaki enkulu yaye isetyenzwa ngamasebe omabini, eleeNkonzo zeNtlalontle nelezeMpilo, kanti ngamanye amaxesha iba liSebe loKhuselo loLuntu. uMthetho osayilwayo usebenza ngokuxhatshazwa kwabadala, ekufuneka unike ingxelo ngalo mbandela.
Izizathu zokuxhatshazwa ziyohluka, futhi ukuxhatshazwa kwabantu abadala kunamathuba amaninzi okwenzeka ukuba umntu lowo akanayo indawo yokuhlala, akanamali yokuthi aziphilele/ azimele, uyalibala okanye akakwazi kwenza zigqibo kwaye uyabhideka. Ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela ukuxhatshazwa kwabantu abadala ziquka ukungaphangeli, ukuhlupheka, ukungabi nandawo iyiyo yokuhlala, uneengxaki zomtshato, utywala neziyobisi nokungabi nalo uqhagamshelwano nabanye abantu. Kwezi nkalo zintlanu zokutshaxhazwa (eyendawo yokuhlala, eyengqondo, eyemali, eyokungahoywa neyesondlo) eyokungabi nandawo yokuhlala yeyona iyingozi , ebanga iintlungu zomzimba , ezengqondo nezomphefumlo.
Ukuba abasebenzi bezeMpilo banorhano lokuba kukho ukuxhatshazwa okuthile, bangaxelela abantu bekhaya nezihlobo ngezinto amabazijonge kwelo khaya lalo mntu mdala, okanye iziko labantu abadala okanye nakweyiphi na indawo ahlala kuyo.
Iintsapho noluntu banganikezela ngengxelo yokuxhatshazwa kwii-ofisi ezikufutshane zeNtlalontle. Ikho inombolo yomnxeba yesizwe ekunokuxelwa kuyo (0800 003081). Xa utsalela umnxeba ezi ofisi zeNtlalontle ngokungxamisekileyo, uyakube unceda umntu omdala ze abekwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kwelinye lamakhaya abantu abadala ixeshana nje elingephi de abe ulungiselelwe indawo eyiyo yokuhlala okanye de kube kanti ingxaki leyo isonjululwe.
Iinkonzo zeMpilo zibonelela ngeendlela zokunceda ezifana nezitulo zeziqhwala ukwenzela ukuba abadala bangaxhomekeki kakhulu. Kwakhona bangacetyiswa ukuba bazimanye namaqela enkxaso. Abantu abadala mabakhuthazwe okokuba bahlale ezindlwini zabo xa kukho inkxaso kangangoko befuna. Abantu abadala mabawazi amalungelo abo ukwenzela ukuba baxhotyiswe bakwazi ukunika ingxelo yeemeko ezingamkelekiyo.
Abantu abandwendwela ikliniki okokuqala/isibhedlele esikudidi lwesibini/lwesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana ngeenkcukacha zabo ukuze umntu ngamnye abe nokuvulelwa icwecwe lakhe. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi. Kuya kufuneka incwadi yembalelwano esuka ekliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Izibhedlele ziza kucela uzinike isiqinisekiso sesixa somvuzo wakho/uvavanyo lomvuzo(IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho ukuba akuqali kuza esibhedlele.
Akuhlawuli kwiikliniki zolondolozo lwempilo yokuqala, kodwa ke ikho imali ehlawulwayo xa undwendwela izibhedlele ezisekelezelwe kumvuzo owufumanayo nenani labantu abaxhomekeke kuwe, ngokomrhumo obizwa apho esibhedlele.
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Oomama/abagcini babantwana bayacetyiswa ukuba base iintsana zabo ezisandul' ukuzalwa kwiikliniki zononophelo lwesigaba sokuqala ukuze ziye kuhlolwa njengesiqhelo.
ukuhlolwa kokuphuhla komntwana kwenziwa njengento yesiqhelo ngamaxesha okutyelelwa kweklinikhi ukuza kugonywa.
ephakathi kokuzalwa neeveki ezintandathu ezelwe eneenyanga ezilithoba ezelwe ebudala buziinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo.
Usana luye luhlolwe luze luqwalaselwe ngokwasemzimbeni. Olu lokuhlolwa lunceda ekuqwalaseleni ukukhula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Iimvavanyo zisetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba usana lukhula ngokufanelekileyo na ngokuhambelana nobudala balo, ze ziqwalasele imigama esele ihanjiwe ngokwasekukhuleni efana nokuhlala, ukuma, ukukhasa, ukuhamba, ukuthetha nokuphatha izinto. Kukwaqwalaselwa nokubona kwanokuva kosana.
Ukuba kukho ingxaki, usana luye luthunyelwe kwikliniki yeengcali okanye kumachule ukunceda nokunika iingcebiso, umzekelo, iingcali zempilo yengqondo neyomzimba xa zifumaneka, ngokuxhomekeka kwingxaki leyo neemfunno zomntwana lowo.
Iziphumo zovavanyo lokuqwalasela ziye zishicilelwe kwikhadi lasekliniki nakwitshathi yokukhula kosana, ezithi zombini zigcinwe ekliniki. Ubunzima bosana nabo buyashicilelwa kwiTshati ebizwa ngokuba yiTshathi yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni, nethi inikezelwe kumama lusakuba luzelwe usana lwakhe, ze yena ayigcine. Eli khadi lushicilelo oluqhubekayo nolungenkqubela yosana yaye oomama kufuneka bawaphathe rhoqo kutyelelo ngalunye lwasekliniki.
Ukuqwalaselwa kokukhula komntwana yingxenye yesisiseko soncedo lwezempilo. Kuquka ukujongwa rhoqo komlinganiselo wobunzima bomntwana (maxa wambi nobude bakhe). Ukuthatyathwa komlinganiselo kuqala ekuzalweni kuqhube de abe umntwana uneminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ngokufezekileyo, ubunzima bomntwana kufuneka bulinganiswe kanye ngenyanga de abe neminyaka emibini ezelwe, aphinde aye kathathu ngenyanga de abe neminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Umongikazi osekliniki ubhala ubunzima bomntwana kwikhadi elibizwa ngokuba liKhadi leNdlela esingisa eMpilweni. Obu bunzima buthelekiswa netshati yokukhula, ukujonga ukuba ubunzima bukwinqanaba elamkelekileyo lokukhula komntwana kusini na. Ukuba umntwana ubunzima bakhe bungaphantsi kunobo bulindelekileyo, izongezo zokutya ziyafumaneka ezikliniki okanye umntwana uye athunyelwe kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuba undwendwela okokuqala kwiziko lezeMpilo, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze uvulelwe icwecwe lokugcina iimpepha ezineenkcukachazakho. Yiza neNcwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawubhalisile ngaphambili kwelo ziko. Yiza neTshati yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingise eMpilweni.
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Le nkonzo ijolise ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana ukusekela ekuzalweni ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-14 ubudala, abebephatheke gadalala ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwesondo nangokwasemphefumlweni, kwanabo bangahoyekanga. Abantwana ekurhaneleka ukuba bakhe baphathwa gadalala, bangasiwa kwikliniki yonyango apho baya kuxilongwa khona ukuqonda isifo abanaso, baze bafumane iingcebiso malunga naso. Umongikazi wasekliniki okanye ugqirha uya kuthi axilonge umntwana lowo ngokupheleleyo ngokwasemzimbeni aze abhale nembali yakhe. Kubalulekile ukuba umntwana ophetheke gadalala asiwe kwiziko lezempilo ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Okona kulityaziswa, kokona kulindeleka ukuba umntwana ahlupheke ngaphezulu ngokwasemphefumlweni nangokwasengqondweni. Ukhumbule ke a ukuba abanye abantwana baphatheka gadalala kangangeminyaka emininzi, yaye basenokungafuni ukuxilongwa ngokwasemzimbeni kutyelelo lwabo lokuqala kwiziko lonyango, okanye basenokuba baphatheke gadalala ngokwasemphefumlweni kuphela, hayi ngokwesondo, kuleyo imeko baya kufuna iingcebiso baze banyangwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ekuphathweni kwabantwana gadalala ngokwesondo, uphando olulodwa kufuneka lwenziwe, olufana nemiboniso efuneka enkundleni ukunika ubungqina. Kananjalo, umntwana usenokuba uchaphazelekile kwiZifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo kunye noGawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe. Unyango lwezi zifo zosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo lukholisa ukunikezwa xa iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba umntwana lowo wosulelekile.
Abazali okanye abagcini babantwana kufuneka banikwe iingcebiso malunga nobungozi obunokuba kho xa umntwana enokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo. Umgcini womtwana kuya kuthi kucelwe kuye imvume yokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kumntwana lowo.
Ichiza elilwa noGawulayo, i-AZT (nekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Zidovudine) liya kuthi linikezelwe kumntwana lowo ukuba uthe waziswa kwiziko lezonyango kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-72 zokuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo. Eli chiza alinampembelelo konke-konke ekuthinteleni ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukuba umntwana ufike emva kweeyure ezingama-72 kwiziko lonyango, emva kokuba ephethwe gadalala ngokwesondo. Abantwana abakhuselweyo luyilo loncedo lwezonyango kufuneka bafumane i-AZT eza kubagcina iintsuku ezintathu, baze emva koko bamiselwe inani lezi pilisi leentsuku ezingama-25 eziseleyo. Abo bangakhuselwanga lolu yilo loncedo lwezonyango, kufuneka banikwe isixa seepilisi esiza kuthatha iveki yonke, baze basikelwe umhla amababuye ngawo ukuza kuvavanywa kwakhona kwisithuba seveki. Bonke abantwana kufuneka babonwe emva kweveki kuvavanyo olulandelayo ukuza kufumana iziphumo zazo zonke iimvavanyo. Ezinye iipilisi kufuneka zinikezelwe kolu tyelelo (oko kukuthi isixa seeveki ezintathu). I-AZT iyafumaneka kumaziko angama-52 apho abasinde kwimpatho gadalala yabantwana bathi banyangwe khona kwiPhondo.
Abantwana abaziwayo ukuba banentsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka bangayifumani i-AZT. Kufuneka bafumane iingcebiso baze bathunyelwe kwiziko elifanelekileyo lezeMpilo apho kuya kuqwalaselwa khona imeko yabo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo ithuba elide.
Amantombazana afikisayo asele eqalile ukuba sexesheni nakhe adlwengulwa, kufuneka avavanyelwe ukukhulelwa ukwahlula ukhulelwa ebekusele kukho phambi kokuba abe adlwengulwe. Ukuba eza kwiziko lezonyango kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-72 emva kokudlwengulwa, aya kuthi anikwe iingcebiso aze anikwe isinqandi-kukhulelwa sethuba lokuxakeka.
Ukuzama ukunqanda amaqondo aphakame ngolona hlobo nangamkelekanga okuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana kwiNtshona Kapa, iinkonzo zezeMpilo zithe zabambisana namapolisa, aboKhuseleko loLuntu, abeeNkonzo zoLuntu kunye nemibutho engeyo kaRhulumente.
Oonontlalo-ntle banendima ebalulekileyo abayidlalayo ekuncedeni umntwana ukuba aphile emva kokuba aphethwe gadalala. Unontlalo-ntle uya kuthi afundise aze anikezele ngolwazi nangeengcebiso. Ukuba unontlalo-ntle ukholelwa ukuba umntwana usemngciphekweni wokuphathwa gadalala nangaphezulu xa ethe waphuma kwiziko lezempilo, yaye ufuna ukhuselo olungxamisekileyo, bangakhupha ifomu engunombolo 4 egunyazisa ukugcinwa komntwana kwindawo ekhuselekileyo.
Kwakhona, ukuba isimo sengqondo yomntwana sifuna ukungenelela kweencutshe okanye ugqirha wezifo zengqondo, umntwana angathunyelwa kwiziko elifanelekileyo lezempilo.
Kukho imithetho emibini echaphazela ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwesondo nokungahoywa kwabo.ICandelo 15 loMthetho wesilungiso sokuKhathalelwa kwabantwana uthi nabani na onayo nantoni na yokwenza nokugcina abantwana -umzekelo ootitshala, oonontlalo-ntle, kunye noogqirha - nabathi barhane ukuba umntwana uphatheke gadalala, kufuneka bakuxele oku kwiSebe leeNkonzo zoLuntu. UMthetho ongunombolo 133 ka 1993 (iCandelo 4), oThintela ubuGebenga phakathi koSapho uthi impatho-gadalala erhanelekayo kubantwana kufuneka ixelwe kwilungu lamapolisa okanye kumsebenzi ojongene nonentlalo-ntle yabantwana okanye unontlalo-ntle.
Kukho amaziko ezempilo angama-52 kwiphondo azinikele kulawulo lwabantwana nabantu abadala abakhe baphathwa gadalala. Ukuba awunakho ukuya kwelinye lala maziko, yiya kwiziko lezempilo elikufutshane nawe. Ukuba urhanela ukuba umntwana ukhe waphatheka gadalala, ungamsa ngqo kwikliniki yoncedo lwezempilo. Abantwana abaphethwe gadalala bangathunyelwa kwikliniki liCandelo loKhuseleko lwaBantwana, ipolisa okanye unontlalo-ntle.
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Isigulo esiqatha seso siqhubekeka ixesha elide okanye siphinde sibuye emva kwexesha elide. Ezinye zezona zigulo ziqatha sisifo semiphunga kwanesoxinzelelo lwegazi (ubushushu begazi).
Izigulo ezondeleyo zinokudalwa yimfuzo kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibakho ngendlela aphila ngayo, kwakhona neemeko zokusingqongileyo, ziyazandisa, ezifana nokutshaya, ukutya okungafanelekanga, ukungazilolongi, nokusela okugqithisileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko ziyalawuleka, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibangelwa kukuhlupheka, nokungatyi kutya kusempilweni lo mzuzu umntu akhulelweyo.
Kukho umbandela wenkonzo obaluleke kakhulu onenjongo yokuthintela isigulo nokuvuselela imo yempilo, ngokungaphandle kokwalatha isigulo kwangethuba, ukulawula nokunciphisa ingozi.
Izigulo ezondeleyo ezibekwa kuqala zezi: ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi isifo soxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo sesifuba, isifo sokuwa, isifo sezintso, umhlaza, isifo sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemiphunga, kunye neswekile uHlobo lwesi 2 (iswekile yohlobo loku 1, olufunyanwa kubantwana abancinci, yiyona iqhelekileyo) Uninzi lwezi zifo zezethuba elide kwaye ezinye zazo azinakunyangeka, zinokuthintelwa kuphela.
Kumgangatho wokuqala wononophelo lwempilo inkonzo isekelezelwe ekuthinteleni ngokuthi kufundiswe abantu ngezibonelelo zendlela yokuphila esempilweni. Ikliniki nganye inomntu oqeshiweyo onezakhono zokufumana iziphumo zoxilongo nokulawula iimeko zezifo ezondeleyo ukuqalela kwabancinci ukuya kwabadala. Izigulana ziya kwazi ukubona umongikazi omnye xa ziphinda zibuya, xa ziza rhoqo kunyango lweswekile/ kwisifo soxinzelelo lwegazi okanye kwisifo sesifuba. Zinikwa ikhadi okanye into emaziyincamathisele kumacwecwe azo wona aqinisekisa ulondolozo oluqhubekekayo. Ukucebisa nokuthobela yingxenye yale nkonzo. Oogqirha namagosa ezonyango bayatshintshiselana ngokuvelela izigulana ezinezifo ezondeleyo ezisezibhedlele nasezikliniki.
Akho amalungiselelo enziweyo okuba izigulana (ingakumbi abadala) zingayi qho ezibhedlele nasezikliniki ngokuthi zinikwe amayeza aza kuthatha inyanga enye ukuya kwezintathu. Abasebenzi bade baqalisa nemibutho namaqela awodwa enkxaso ukulungiselela abantu abanezigulo ezondeleyo. Ngale ndlela ke izigulana zingathi zifumane ingcaciso ngononophelo lwempilo olulodwa nemfundo ebhekiselele kwiimeko zabo zempilo.
Xa impilo isiya isiba mandundu okanye izigulana zigula kakhulu, ziye zisiwe kumgangatho olandelayo wolondolozo.
Inikezelwe apha ngezantsi imizekelo yeendlela zokuthintela, zokulawula nokunyanga izifo ezondeleyo.
ISIFO SESIFUBA sichaphazela abadala nabantwana. Kukudumba okondeleyo kwemibhobho yomoya ebangelwa yinto ethile engavumelani nempilo yomntu. Isifo sesifuba asinyangeki, kodwa sinokulawulwa ngokuyimpumelelo ngokuthi kusetyenziswe amayeza yonke imihla. Ukuhlolwa nonyango lwabadala lwenziwa kwiikliniki zokulondoloza impilo zokuqala apho abagulayo baxilongelwa khona, luqala khona uvavanyo olulodwa nokunyanga abantu. Abagulayo bafundiswa ngendlela yokulawula izifo zabo zesifuba , baziswe ngemiba ezisenza mandundu ezinjengokutshaya, ukungazilolongi nothuli olusendlini. Izigulana ezihlaselwa kakhulu sisifo sesifuba zinokufuna uncedo lonyango olungxamisekileyo, zithunyelwe nasezibhedlele.
ISIFO SOXINZELELO LWEGAZI sisifo sendlela yokuphila esinokuthi sithintelwe size sinyangwe. Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlala lunyukile ithutyana elide, kuye kubekho ubuzaza. Ob buzaza budibanise imithanbo yegazi, intliziyo, izintso kunye namehlo. Izinto ezinokuthi zikhokelele kukufa kwelungu nasekufeni. Izigulana ezinesifo soxinzelelo lwegazi ziza kuxelelwa kumgangatho wokuqala wokulondoloza impilo ngendlela yokuphucula impilo yazo jikelele nangendlela yokunciphisa eminye imiba yesifo sentliziyo umzekelo ukuzilolonga, ukuyeka ukutshaya, utywala neziyobisi nokuphungula ukusebenzisa ityuwa. Ukuba kuthe emva kwazo zonke ezi zinto, uxinzelelo lwahlala luphezulu, uza kuchazelwa ngonyango. Kufuneka izigulana zibuye zize rhoqo ekliniki zizokujongwa zinikwe namayeza. Kufuneka izigulo ezinobuzaza ezifana nesifo sokufelwa lilungu lomzimba, isifo sentliziyo ukuyeka kwezintso zinyangwe kumgangatho wesibhedlele.
Iinkonzo yolondolozo lwezigulo ezondeleyo kwimigangatho emithathu - owokuqala ophakathi nowesithathu - ilungelelanisa ukuba abantu abafuna inkam-nkam bayifumane.
Ezi nkonzo zifumaneka kwiikliniki nezibhedlele zonke eziseNtshona Koloni. Abantu abaqalayo ukuza kwizibhedlele baza kucelwa ukuba bazalise iphetshana elifuna iinkcukacha zabo, ze bakugqiba bavulelwe icwecwe. Kufuneka beze nezazisi zabo. Kuza kufunwa incwadi yembalelwano ebasusa ekliniki ibase esibhedlele. Esibhedlele kuza kufunwa isiqinisekiso somvuzo waloo nyanga uye ngayo/ uxwebhu lokuhlola umvuzo (RP5) Ukuba ubukhe weza esibhedlele , yiza nekhadi lakho. Indlela yokuhlawula: Akuhlawulwa, kodwa ke ikho imali ehlawulwayo xa usiza esibhedlele, kwaye le ixhomekeke kumvuzo owamkelayo nakubantu abaxhomekeke kuwe.
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Uncedo lwasekhaya (i-HBC ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) kukunikezelwa kweemfuno zoncedo lokonga ngabanikezeli abasesikweni okanye abangekho sikweni, kubantu emakhayeni abo. Le nkonzo iyafumaneka kubantu abaneemfuno ngokwasengqondweni, emzimbeni, emphefumlweni nasentlalweni. Phakathi kwabantu abalulungeleyo olu ncedo ngabo banesifo sokushwabana icala lomzimba, abaphila noGawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe, abaphazamisekileyo ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni, abantu abadala ababuthathaka, okanye abantu abagula kakhulu. Uncedo olunikezelwayo lwenzelwe ukugcina nokubuyisela iqondo eliphezulu lozinzo nolonwabo, ukusebenza kunye nempilo, kuquka nokufa okundilisekileyo.
Ngubani onikezela ngoncedo lwasekhaya?
Iinkonzo zoncedo lwasekhaya kwiNtshona Kapa zithi zinikezelwe yimibutho engajonganga ngeniso nethi ifake izicelo zomsebenzi ofun' ukwenziwa ze ifumane inkxaso-mali kuRhulumente wePhondo. Abaguli abafuna inkathalo eqhubekayo ekhaya besakube bekhululwe esibhedlele, bathi bathunyelwe kwiziko lezempilo elikwiCandelo lezempilo kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Umongikazi ekliniki okanye kwiziko lezempilo uye athumele umguli kumbutho ongajonganga ngeniso emele iinkonzo zoncedo lwasekhaya kwindawo ohlala kuyo. UmLawuli wombutho lowo (umongikazi) uya kuthi avavanye iimfuno zomguli ekhayeni lakhe aze abenzele isicwangciso. Umongikazi uya kuthi ke atyumbe umntu oza kunikezela ngoncedo kumguli lowo. Umnikezeli ngoncedo uya kuthi anikezele ngeenkonzo ngokomyalelo okwisicwangciso soncedo, aze umongikazi atyelele umguli lowo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso siyaqhutywa.
Uncedo lwasekhaya asiloncedo oluthatha iiyure ezingama-24, yaye aluthathi ndawo yosapho njengabantu abanceda umguli. Lwenzelwe kuphela iinkonzo zokuncedisa nokuxhasa ukunqanda ukuxakekiswa kwabanikezeli ngoncedo abasoloko benyanzeleka ukuba banyamekele izizalwane zabo ezigulayo.
Abanikezeli ngoncedo abavela kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo kuye kufuneke ukuba bagqibe izifundo zonikezelo ngoncedo lwasekhaya ezithi ziququzelelwe liSebe lezeMpilo. Uqeqesho oluqhubekekayo luqhutyelwa kwezo ndawo zoncedo, luye lunikezelwe leli Sebe ukuqinisekisa ukuba nakho kwabanikezeli ngoncedo ukwenza umsebenzi abawuqeqeshelwayo.
Abasebenzi bezoncedo kulindeleke ukuba bancede abaguli kunye namalungu eentsapho zabo ukuba baphile bekwazi nokuzimela. Abasebenzi abasebenza ngokuzithandela nabo baye bafunwe ukuncedisa iinkonzo ezinikelwa ngabasebenzi boncedo. Bathi bezinikele njengamaqabane, bathuthe amayeza, bathunywe nasezivenkileni, njalo njalo.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba le nkonzo ayikho kuzo zonke iindawo.
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Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Umongikazi uya kuthi afune umchamo wakho, oza kuthi uvavanywe.
Kuya kuthi xa ukhulelo luthe lwaqinisekiswa, lowo ukhulelweyo akhethiswe phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo. Ukuba ubani ufuna ukuqhubekeka nokhulelwa oko, uya kuthi athunyelwe kwenye yeendawo zoncedo lwezempilo ezibizwa ngokuba ngamaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi). La ke ngamacandelo aphethwe ngababelekisi kwindawo ohlala kuyo, bekwenza oku kubaguli boncedo lwezonyango.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango.
Iimvavanyo zenziwa mahala kumaCandelo kaRhulumente ezonyango kodwa qala uqinisekise ukuba ayafumaneka, ingakumbi ezilalini.
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Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Umongikazi uya kuthi afune umchamo wakho, oza kuthi uvavanywe.
Kuya kuthi xa ukhulelo luthe lwaqinisekiswa, lowo ukhulelweyo akhethiswe phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo. Ukuba ubani ufuna ukuqhubekeka nokhulelwa oko, uya kuthi athunyelwe kwenye yeendawo zoncedo lwezempilo ezibizwa ngokuba ngamaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi). La ke ngamacandelo aphethwe ngababelekisi kwindawo ohlala kuyo, bekwenza oku kubaguli boncedo lwezonyango.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango.
Iimvavanyo zenziwa mahala kumaCandelo kaRhulumente ezonyango kodwa qala uqinisekise ukuba ayafumaneka, ingakumbi ezilalini.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11504.6396.6396.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje emva kokubeleka.
Umama uye enziwe uvavanyo lokuqala olupheleleyo neengcebiso kutyelelo lwakhe lokuqala emva kokubeleka, nolukwabizwa ngokuba lutyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Ukukhulelwa kuyaqwalaselwa ngawo onke amaxesha umama esiza kutyelelo olulandelayo. Impilo kamama nayo iyaqwalaselwa. Kuthatyathwa ubunzima bakhe, uxinzelelo lwakhe lwegazi, ze kuvavanywe nomchamo wakhe. Ukuba akukho zingxaki, umama uthi abuye kutyelelo lwakhe olulandelayo lokuqala emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuza kuva ngeziphumo zeemvavanyo ebezenziwe ngethuba lotyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Emva koku, kufuneka abuyele ekliniki rhoqo emva kweeveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezingama-28, aphinde emva kwezingama-34, emva koko aye njengoko exelelwe ngabasebenzi basekliniki okanye abeCandelo lokuBelekisa. (Ukuphinda-phinda ngexesha elimisiweyo kuyohluka ngokweendawo).
Oomama abakhulelweyo bavavanywa kangangoko ukukhangela ukuba akukho mingcipheko kusini na ngokuphathelele kwimpilo yabo naleyo yosana olungekazalwa. Ulutsha olungamantombazana kunye nabasetyhini abangaphezulu kwama-35 eminyaka ubudala, nabakhulelweyo bathathwa njengabona bantu basemngciphekweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngabona bantu kufaneleke ukuba babe neengxaki ngethuba lokukhulelwa nokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abakhulelweyo nabo bangabonwa njengabantu abasemngciphekweni ukuba uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi luye lwanyuka, ukuba baneziphazamiso zemfuzo, ukuba ukhulelwe abantwana abangaphezulu kwesinye naxa babenziwe uqhaqho ngethuba eludlileyo lokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abafunyenwe besemngciphekweni bathunyelwa kwikliniki yabaguli abasandul' ukubeleka kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu, apho kuthi kwenziwe uphando neemvavanyo. Oomama abaneengxaki ekukhulelweni kwabo baye bacetyiswe ukuba baye kwiikliniki zabangaliswayo abasandul' ukubeleka rhoqo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango. Abantu abangekho mngcipheweni kakhulu ekukhulelweni kwabo baye baqwalaselwe kumaCandelo okuBelekisa (amaCandelo okuBelekisa aphethwe ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni bewaqhubela abaguli bamaziko ezempilo) ezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye ezilalini. Abantu abakhulelweyo nabasemngciphekweni ngolona hlobo baye baqwalaselwe kwiikliiniki zabagula bengalaliswa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nakwizibhedlele kwizithili ezisezilalini kwanezo zikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11504.6396.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje emva kokubeleka.
Umama uye enziwe uvavanyo lokuqala olupheleleyo neengcebiso kutyelelo lwakhe lokuqala emva kokubeleka, nolukwabizwa ngokuba lutyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Ukukhulelwa kuyaqwalaselwa ngawo onke amaxesha umama esiza kutyelelo olulandelayo. Impilo kamama nayo iyaqwalaselwa. Kuthatyathwa ubunzima bakhe, uxinzelelo lwakhe lwegazi, ze kuvavanywe nomchamo wakhe. Ukuba akukho zingxaki, umama uthi abuye kutyelelo lwakhe olulandelayo lokuqala emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuza kuva ngeziphumo zeemvavanyo ebezenziwe ngethuba lotyelelo lokubekelwa indawo. Emva koku, kufuneka abuyele ekliniki rhoqo emva kweeveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezingama-28, aphinde emva kwezingama-34, emva koko aye njengoko exelelwe ngabasebenzi basekliniki okanye abeCandelo lokuBelekisa. (Ukuphinda-phinda ngexesha elimisiweyo kuyohluka ngokweendawo).
Oomama abakhulelweyo bavavanywa kangangoko ukukhangela ukuba akukho mingcipheko kusini na ngokuphathelele kwimpilo yabo naleyo yosana olungekazalwa. Ulutsha olungamantombazana kunye nabasetyhini abangaphezulu kwama-35 eminyaka ubudala, nabakhulelweyo bathathwa njengabona bantu basemngciphekweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngabona bantu kufaneleke ukuba babe neengxaki ngethuba lokukhulelwa nokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abakhulelweyo nabo bangabonwa njengabantu abasemngciphekweni ukuba uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi luye lwanyuka, ukuba baneziphazamiso zemfuzo, ukuba ukhulelwe abantwana abangaphezulu kwesinye naxa babenziwe uqhaqho ngethuba eludlileyo lokubeleka kwabo. Oomama abafunyenwe besemngciphekweni bathunyelwa kwikliniki yabaguli abasandul' ukubeleka kwizibhedlele ezikumgangatho ophezulu, apho kuthi kwenziwe uphando neemvavanyo. Oomama abaneengxaki ekukhulelweni kwabo baye bacetyiswe ukuba baye kwiikliniki zabangaliswayo abasandul' ukubeleka rhoqo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Ukuba utyelela okokuqala kwicandelo lezonyango, kuza kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe uqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo, kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki okanye elasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile ngaphambili kwicandelo elo lezonyango. Abantu abangekho mngcipheweni kakhulu ekukhulelweni kwabo baye baqwalaselwe kumaCandelo okuBelekisa (amaCandelo okuBelekisa aphethwe ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni bewaqhubela abaguli bamaziko ezempilo) ezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye ezilalini. Abantu abakhulelweyo nabasemngciphekweni ngolona hlobo baye baqwalaselwe kwiikliiniki zabagula bengalaliswa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nakwizibhedlele kwizithili ezisezilalini kwanezo zikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11504.6425.6425.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni i-FAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abane-FAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abane-FAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
Ungalufumana olu ncedo kwikliniki yoncedo lwezempilo, kwiikliniki ezinceda oomama ngolwazi lwaphambi kokubeleka okanye kwizibhedlele eziphezulu ukuba udluliselwe kumgca ongentla.
Ukuba uya okokuqala kwiziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe neqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile kwelo ziko. Yiza neTshathi yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni. Ukuba uxhalabile yindlela obusela ngayo utywala, okanye kukho imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza kumsebenzi wezempilo, nceda ukwenze oko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye i-FAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni iFAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abaneFAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abaneFAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11504.6425.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni i-FAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abane-FAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abane-FAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
Ungalufumana olu ncedo kwikliniki yoncedo lwezempilo, kwiikliniki ezinceda oomama ngolwazi lwaphambi kokubeleka okanye kwizibhedlele eziphezulu ukuba udluliselwe kumgca ongentla.
Ukuba uya okokuqala kwiziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise ifomu uze uvulelwe neqweqwe lokugcina amaphepha. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye iipilisi ozisebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lasekliniki okanye lasesibhedlele, ukuba wawusele ubhalisile kwelo ziko. Yiza neTshathi yomntwana ebizwa ngokuba yiTshati yeNdlela esingisa eMpilweni. Ukuba uxhalabile yindlela obusela ngayo utywala, okanye kukho imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza kumsebenzi wezempilo, nceda ukwenze oko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye i-FAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
iFAS icacisa abantwana abazizidalwa ngokukhula nabanezinto ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni nakwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yokuxhayelwa kwabo etywaleni ngethuba oonina bebathwele eziswini ngexesha bekhulelwe. Utywala bungabangela ubungozi obungenakuguqulwa kusana olungekazalwa.
Olu ncedo lumbolo-mbini. Okokuqala, lujolise ekuthinteleni iFAS ngokufundisa, ukwazisa nokucebisa oomama malunga nobungozi bokusela utywala ngethuba bekhulelwe.
Okwesibini, lujolise ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana abachaphazelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni, abantwana abaneFAS basenokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo, indlela yokuziphatha nokufunda. Kukho iinkqubo ezisekwayo ukuchonga nokuncedisa oomama abasebungozini nokuxilonga abantwana abaneFAS kwangethuba. Nangona uninzi lwaba bantwana befumana iingxaki ekufundeni, kusekwa iinkqubo zovuselelo nolawulo ukuncedisana nabazali kunye nabagcini babantwana. Ukuba umzali okanye umgcini womntwana okanye utitshala unenkxalabo ngomntwana othile, umntwana lowo angasiwa kwikliniki ekufutshane, apho aza kuthathwa khona athunyelwe kolona ncedo lufanelekileyo ukuya kwenziwa khona olunye uvavanyo.
Nabuphi na utywala obuselwe ngumama okhulelweyo. Akukhuselekanga ukusebenzisa utywala ngethuba umama ekhulelwe!
Ixesha lokusela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
Ezinye izinto ezingasetyenziswa ngandlela.
Okona umama okhulelwayo esiba mdala, okona usana olungekazalwa lusiba sengozini.
Iziphumo zotywala ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ziba zibi ngakumbi kumaxesha alandelayo okukhulelwa, ukuba umama usaqhubeka nokusela utywala.
Ukuba kukho iqabane eliselayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11504.6521.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abafazi abayeka ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha elililo (ngaphambi kobudala obungama- 45 eminyaka) okanye abakwixesha lokuyeka kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu ezibagungqisayo, banakho ukufumana uphononongo koogqirha bomama kwakunye nokuxilongwa. Uvavanyo lwencindi lungenziwa ukuze kubekho izigqibo zonyango. Oomama bangacela ingcebiso ukuze bakwazi ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela yonyango iphucukileyo.
Ungatyelela indawo yonyango lokuqala esekuhlaleni, yaye ngokuxhomekeke kwingxaki leyo, usenokuthunyelwa kwicandelo leenkonzo zabasetyhini kummandla okanye kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu (iGroote Schuur okanye iTygerberg) ukuyokwenza uxilongo lwencindi, uphando oluthe xhaxhe nonyango. Kuya kufuneka uthunyelwe ukuba utyelele kwizibhedlele zommandla okanye kwezikumgangatho wesithathu apho iinkonzo zabasetyhini zifumaneka khona. Ukuba ungumtyeleli okokuqala, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu yaye uxwebhu luya kuvulwa. Zisa incwadi yakho yesazisi kwakunye nekhadi lakho laseklinikhi/isibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe kakade kwindawo enjalo.
Inkonzo kwiindawo zokuqala zonyango lwempilo zisimahla ukuba akunayo imedical aid. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele, kusengakhona iindleko ezikhoyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11505.6449.6449.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zikho iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonyango lokuqala nonyango lwasesibhedlele lwabantwana, abafikisayo ebuntwini nabantu abakhulu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo bangafumana unyango kwiikliniki zonyango lokuqala zabagula ngengqondo.
Ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu emizimbeni yezigulane ezigulela ngaphandle kungenziwa kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala, ukuba ikho imfuneko yoko. Abantu abaxhomekeke kwiziyobisi, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesiyobisi nezinye izinto, banokuziva beneempawu ezingemnandi zokuyeka iziyobisi xa beyeka iziyobisi zabo. Ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu yindlela yezonyango yokungenelela nenceda ekunciphiseni uvakalelo ngokomzimba nangokomphefumlo, kanti nasekulawuleni iingxaki ezinokubangwa kukuyeka iziyobisi, ngaphambi kokuba umntu lowo aye kufumana olunye unyango nokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo.
Izibhedlele zeenqila (ezenqanaba lesibini) zibonelela abantu abaxhomekeke etywaleni nakwiziyobisi ngeenkonzo zokukhutshwa kotyhefeko emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuba balaliswe kumaziko onyango ukuze bafumane olunye unyango nokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo.
Iziko i-De Nova Treatment Centre ese-Kraaifontein lifumana uncedo-mali olupheleleyo kwiSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo-ntle kwaye libonelela ngonyango lokuxhomekeka etywaleni nakwiziyobisi. Le nkonzo yeyabantu abangenamndla ngokwezimali kunye nabo bathunyelwa kuyo licandelo lezomthetho. Iinkonzo zabagula ngengqondo nasemphefumlweni zifumaneka ngamaxesha athile kwiingcali zabagula ngengqondo, ngcali ezo ziqeshwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Amanye amaziko onyango lwabasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo naphantsi kweeNGOs abhalisiwe kwaye afunyaniswa isabsidi liSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo-ntle. Imbinana yamaziko abucala okunyanga abasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo ineelayisenisi ezikhutshwe liSebe lezeMpilo ukuze ibonelele ngeenkqubo zonyango ndawonye neenkqubo zokukhupha utyefeko emzimbeni. Isibhedlele i-Stikland sibonelela izigulane ezilalisiweyo ngeenkonzo zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo emva kokusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo.
Iziko ngalinye lineendlela ezithile zokuthumela izigulane ezibhedlele kwaye ezo ndlela zingafumaneka ngokuthi umntu azidibanise neziko elo, wona maziko adweliswe kwi-ncwadi-salathisi yabagula ngengqondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11505.6449.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zikho iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonyango lokuqala nonyango lwasesibhedlele lwabantwana, abafikisayo ebuntwini nabantu abakhulu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo bangafumana unyango kwiikliniki zonyango lokuqala zabagula ngengqondo.
Ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu emizimbeni yezigulane ezigulela ngaphandle kungenziwa kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala, ukuba ikho imfuneko yoko. Abantu abaxhomekeke kwiziyobisi, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesiyobisi nezinye izinto, banokuziva beneempawu ezingemnandi zokuyeka iziyobisi xa beyeka iziyobisi zabo. Ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu yindlela yezonyango yokungenelela nenceda ekunciphiseni uvakalelo ngokomzimba nangokomphefumlo, kanti nasekulawuleni iingxaki ezinokubangwa kukuyeka iziyobisi, ngaphambi kokuba umntu lowo aye kufumana olunye unyango nokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo.
Izibhedlele zeenqila (ezenqanaba lesibini) zibonelela abantu abaxhomekeke etywaleni nakwiziyobisi ngeenkonzo zokukhutshwa kotyhefeko emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuba balaliswe kumaziko onyango ukuze bafumane olunye unyango nokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo.
Iziko i-De Nova Treatment Centre ese-Kraaifontein lifumana uncedo-mali olupheleleyo kwiSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo-ntle kwaye libonelela ngonyango lokuxhomekeka etywaleni nakwiziyobisi. Le nkonzo yeyabantu abangenamndla ngokwezimali kunye nabo bathunyelwa kuyo licandelo lezomthetho. Iinkonzo zabagula ngengqondo nasemphefumlweni zifumaneka ngamaxesha athile kwiingcali zabagula ngengqondo, ngcali ezo ziqeshwe liSebe lezeMpilo.
Amanye amaziko onyango lwabasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo naphantsi kweeNGOs abhalisiwe kwaye afunyaniswa isabsidi liSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo-ntle. Imbinana yamaziko abucala okunyanga abasebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo ineelayisenisi ezikhutshwe liSebe lezeMpilo ukuze ibonelele ngeenkqubo zonyango ndawonye neenkqubo zokukhupha utyefeko emzimbeni. Isibhedlele i-Stikland sibonelela izigulane ezilalisiweyo ngeenkonzo zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo emva kokusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo.
Iziko ngalinye lineendlela ezithile zokuthumela izigulane ezibhedlele kwaye ezo ndlela zingafumaneka ngokuthi umntu azidibanise neziko elo, wona maziko adweliswe kwi-ncwadi-salathisi yabagula ngengqondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11512.6451.6451.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iNkqubo Ehlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imeko yesondlo sabo bonke abantu abahlala kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa. Zininzi ke iinkalo zale nkqubo.
Le Nkqubo Ihlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imo yesondlo kubo bonke abantu abahlala kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni.
Ukungondleki yingxaki enkulu eMzantsi Afrika kwaye kuyenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezinegalelo kwizifo nokufa okugubungele abantwana. Uqikelelo ludiza ukuba malunga ne-30% yabantwana boMzantsi Afrika baphazanyiswa kukungondleki ngokwaneleyo kwiminyaka yabo yokukhula.
Ukutya ngokunganelisiyo, ukugula nokuxhalaba emphefumlweni/ukonzakala kakhulu zezona zinto ziphambili ezingunobangela wokungondleki. Ubuhlwempu nokunqongophala kwezinto eziluncedo zezona zinto zinegalelo ekungondlekini. Le nkqubo izama ngeendlela ezininzi ukujongana nalo bhubhane uzimeleyo.
Kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala abantwana abafunyaniswe bengondlekanga (oku kuquka abantwana nabantu abakhulu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo nesifo sephepha) baya kunikwa izinto ezixhasa ukutya, kubandakanywa nomgubo wombona otyetyisiweyo kunye nesiselo esinika amandla. Izixhasi-kutya zinikwa izigulane ezichongwe ngendlela ethile. Abasebenzi bezempilo nabo baye bazinike iingcebiso nengcaciso izigulane, zifundiswe nokufundiswa ngeentlobo zokutya okunempilo nezona ndlela zinempilo zokupheka. Iingcali zokutya nazo ziye zibonelele uluntu ngeenkonzo ezizodwa.
Ukuzama ukulwa nokungondleki kwabantwana abancinane amagosa ezempilo aye akhuthaze abasetyhini ukuba babancancise ubisi lwebele abantwana babo de babe neenyanga ezintandathu ubudala, ze emva koko baqhubeke ngokubancancisa babatyise nezixhasi-kutya de babe neminyaka emibini ubudala. Ezinye iindlela zokutyisa abantwana kuye kuboniswane ngazo noomama abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Isibhedlele sase-Vredendal neziko labadlezana laseGroote Schuur zizibhedlele ezikhathalela iintsana kweli phondo, oku zikwenza phantsi kwelinge lezibhedlele ezikhathalela iintsana, iBaby Friendly Hospital Initiative ngesiNgesi.
Bonke abantwana baviwa ubunzima njengenxgenye yenkqubo yokubeka iliso ekukhuleni kwabo, nto leyo ikwaziyo ukuchaza ukuba umntwana uyakhula kusini na. Ubunzima bomntwana bubhalwa kwikhadi i-Road to Health Card. Kuye kukhangelwe izinto ezingunobangela wokuhla kobunzima, zinto ezo zifana nezifo ezosulelayo, indlala emakhaya nokungakhathalelwa. Izifo ezosulelayo zinendima ephambili ekungondlekini kwabantwana kwaye ezo zifo zinyangwa kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala. Izifo zorhudo zinxulumene kakhulu neemeko zokucoceka kwendawo (ukucoceka kweendawo zangasese namanzi) nokungondleki okanye ukungondleki kakuhle kosana, nto leyo yenza ukuba luhlaselwe lula lurhudo.
Amakhaya agutyungelwe bubuhlwempu aya chongwa aze adityaniswe nenye yeenkqubo zikarhulumente zokulwa nobuhlwempu. Indlala emakhaya isetyenzwa ngokubambisana kwamacandelo kwaye loo makhaya aye abonelelwe ngoncedo nenkxaso efanelekileyo.
Ukulawula ukunqongophala kwezakha-mzimba yenye yezinto eziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yale nkonzo. Izakha-mzimba zizinto zendalo ezifana nevitamin neetyuwa zomzimba, nezimlinganiselo mncinane ekutyeni kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo entle. I-INP ibonelela abantwana abathile ekujoliswe kubo ngeVitamin A. Abantwana abaswele iVitamin A bayabhitya, abakhuli kakuhle kwaye basemngciphekweni wokosulelwa zizifo, bafe ngenxa yazo. Ukungabikho kweVitamin A konakalisa namehlo kwaye ukunqongophala kwayo ngomnye unobangela wokutyhaphaka kwabantwana.
Abantwana abazelwe benemizimba emincinci banikwa izakhi-mzimba uVitamin A, zona ziphakamisa umgangatho wamandla omzimba okulwa nezifo kwaye zincedisa nokukhula komntwana. Iintsana ukususela kwezineenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezineenyanga ezili-11 ziye zityiswe iVitamin A (100 000IU) ukuthintela ukugula kakhulu. Abantwana abanyanga zingaphezulu kwe-12 ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu baye batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU xa benyanga zili-12 ubudala ze batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, de babe neminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Abantwana abangondlekanga kakuhle kakhulu okanye abasoloko bephathwa zizifo ezosulelayo ezifana nesorhudo, imasisi nentsholongwane kaGawulayo baye banikwe imilinganiselo engaphezulwana yeVitamin A.
Ukuhla kwemizimba yabantwana kusenokubangwa kukuhlaselwa ziintshulube kwaye loo nto inganyangwa ekliniki ngamayeza okukhupha iintshulube.
Izifundo ezimalunga nesondlo, ingaciso nokucetyiswa ziinkqubo ekubonelelwa ngazo kuwo onke amanqanaba onyango lwabantu abafe amalungu athile omzimba, abanoxinzelelo-gazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo nesifo sephepha.
Inkqubo yesondlo yezikolo zamabanga aphantsi, ifumaneka ikakhulu kwizikolo ezimgangatho wezoqoqosho uphantsi. Ezo nkqubo kungoku nje kubanjiswana ngazo neSebe lezeMfundo. Urhulumente wephondo unenjongo yokuba abantwana abangama-125 000 kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi ezingama-847 kweli phondo baxhamle kwinkqubo yakhe yesondlo engadlulanga unyaka ka-2004.
Le nkqubo ikwanegalelo kwiinkqubo zokukhathalela abagulayo nabakumaziko ajongana nabagulayo ngokuthi babonelelwe ngeenkqubo zokondla ezibonelela ngesondlo esinempilo.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze isigulane eso sivulelwe uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isiqinisekiso sesixa somvuzo wakho wokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe weza kweso sibhedlele ngaphambili.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11512.6451.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iNkqubo Ehlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imeko yesondlo sabo bonke abantu abahlala kweli phondo leNtshona Kapa. Zininzi ke iinkalo zale nkqubo.
Le Nkqubo Ihlanganyelweyo Yesondlo ijolise ekuphuculeni imo yesondlo kubo bonke abantu abahlala kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni.
Ukungondleki yingxaki enkulu eMzantsi Afrika kwaye kuyenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezinegalelo kwizifo nokufa okugubungele abantwana. Uqikelelo ludiza ukuba malunga ne-30% yabantwana boMzantsi Afrika baphazanyiswa kukungondleki ngokwaneleyo kwiminyaka yabo yokukhula.
Ukutya ngokunganelisiyo, ukugula nokuxhalaba emphefumlweni/ukonzakala kakhulu zezona zinto ziphambili ezingunobangela wokungondleki. Ubuhlwempu nokunqongophala kwezinto eziluncedo zezona zinto zinegalelo ekungondlekini. Le nkqubo izama ngeendlela ezininzi ukujongana nalo bhubhane uzimeleyo.
Kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala abantwana abafunyaniswe bengondlekanga (oku kuquka abantwana nabantu abakhulu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo nesifo sephepha) baya kunikwa izinto ezixhasa ukutya, kubandakanywa nomgubo wombona otyetyisiweyo kunye nesiselo esinika amandla. Izixhasi-kutya zinikwa izigulane ezichongwe ngendlela ethile. Abasebenzi bezempilo nabo baye bazinike iingcebiso nengcaciso izigulane, zifundiswe nokufundiswa ngeentlobo zokutya okunempilo nezona ndlela zinempilo zokupheka. Iingcali zokutya nazo ziye zibonelele uluntu ngeenkonzo ezizodwa.
Bonke abantwana baviwa ubunzima njengenxgenye yenkqubo yokubeka iliso ekukhuleni kwabo, nto leyo ikwaziyo ukuchaza ukuba umntwana uyakhula kusini na. Ubunzima bomntwana bubhalwa kwikhadi i-Road to Health Card. Kuye kukhangelwe izinto ezingunobangela wokuhla kobunzima, zinto ezo zifana nezifo ezosulelayo, indlala emakhaya nokungakhathalelwa. Izifo ezosulelayo zinendima ephambili ekungondlekini kwabantwana kwaye ezo zifo zinyangwa kumaziko enqanaba lokuqala. Izifo zorhudo zinxulumene kakhulu neemeko zokucoceka kwendawo (ukucoceka kweendawo zangasese namanzi) nokungondleki okanye ukungondleki kakuhle kosana, nto leyo yenza ukuba luhlaselwe lula lurhudo.
Amakhaya agutyungelwe bubuhlwempu aya chongwa aze adityaniswe nenye yeenkqubo zikarhulumente zokulwa nobuhlwempu. Indlala emakhaya isetyenzwa ngokubambisana kwamacandelo kwaye loo makhaya aye abonelelwe ngoncedo nenkxaso efanelekileyo.
Ukulawula ukunqongophala kwezakha-mzimba yenye yezinto eziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yale nkonzo. Izakha-mzimba zizinto zendalo ezifana nevitamin neetyuwa zomzimba, nezimlinganiselo mncinane ekutyeni kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo entle. I-INP ibonelela abantwana abathile ekujoliswe kubo ngeVitamin A. Abantwana abaswele iVitamin A bayabhitya, abakhuli kakuhle kwaye basemngciphekweni wokosulelwa zizifo, bafe ngenxa yazo. Ukungabikho kweVitamin A konakalisa namehlo kwaye ukunqongophala kwayo ngomnye unobangela wokutyhaphaka kwabantwana.
Abantwana abazelwe benemizimba emincinci banikwa izakhi-mzimba uVitamin A, zona ziphakamisa umgangatho wamandla omzimba okulwa nezifo kwaye zincedisa nokukhula komntwana. Iintsana ukususela kwezineenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezineenyanga ezili-11 ziye zityiswe iVitamin A (100 000IU) ukuthintela ukugula kakhulu. Abantwana abanyanga zingaphezulu kwe-12 ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu baye batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU xa benyanga zili-12 ubudala ze batyiswe umlinganiselo ongama-200 000 IU rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, de babe neminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Ukuhla kwemizimba yabantwana kusenokubangwa kukuhlaselwa ziintshulube kwaye loo nto inganyangwa ekliniki ngamayeza okukhupha iintshulube.
Izifundo ezimalunga nesondlo, ingaciso nokucetyiswa ziinkqubo ekubonelelwa ngazo kuwo onke amanqanaba onyango lwabantu abafe amalungu athile omzimba, abanoxinzelelo-gazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, intsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo nesifo sephepha.
Inkqubo yesondlo yezikolo zamabanga aphantsi, ifumaneka ikakhulu kwizikolo ezimgangatho wezoqoqosho uphantsi. Ezo nkqubo kungoku nje kubanjiswana ngazo neSebe lezeMfundo. Urhulumente wephondo unenjongo yokuba abantwana abangama-125 000 kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi ezingama-847 kweli phondo baxhamle kwinkqubo yakhe yesondlo engadlulanga unyaka ka-2004.
Le nkqubo ikwanegalelo kwiinkqubo zokukhathalela abagulayo nabakumaziko ajongana nabagulayo ngokuthi babonelelwe ngeenkqubo zokondla ezibonelela ngesondlo esinempilo.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ze isigulane eso sivulelwe uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isiqinisekiso sesixa somvuzo wakho wokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe weza kweso sibhedlele ngaphambili.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11514.6256.6256.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
UMbuso ubonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango lwamazinyo nolomlomo kubemi beli ngeenjongo zokuphucula impilo yamazinyo, ukunqanda ukubola kwamazinyo futhi kunyangwe naziphi na iingxaki.
Zeziphi iinkonzo zamazinyo ozifumanayo?
Ngubani omakafumane inkonzo yenkxaso yokufakelwa amazinyo?
Inkonzo yamazinyo yempilo echazwa ngomlomo iineenxenye ezintathu kulondozo olukumgangatho osisiseko (iikliniki zokuqala zolondolozo lwempilo): ukuvuselela, ukunqanda nokunyanga. Kwezinye iindawo zephondo (umz. iMossel Bay) ezi nkonzo zifana nezi ziyafumaneka kwizibhedlele zasekuhlaleni.
Iingcali zempilo yomlomo kumgangatho wekliniki zikhuthaza impilo yomlomo ngokufundisa abantu ngendlela yokugcina imilomo yabo, iintsini, namazinyo ekwimpilo entle, zize zibabonise nangendlela yokuthintela ukubola kwamazinyo nezinye iingxaki zomlomo.
Iinkonzo zonyango ezisisieko ezikhoyo zezengxilingo yomlomo, ezogesi(xray) eziskali nezokucoca amazinyo ukuze kusuke ukubola nokunqanda ukubola kwentsini, ukuwavala xa enemimgxunya nokunyanga iintlungu ezingxamisekileyo nokudumba okudibanisa nokukhutshwa kwezinyo. Into yemboleko egquma izinyo elaphukileyo nendawo ehlala amazinyo emboleko ziyafumaneka kodwa ayizizo izinto zokuqala.
Isigulana sinokunyangelwa ukubola kwentsini (periodontitis) ekliniki. Kananjalo sikhona nesifundo senzululwazi yesifo somlomo -ukwenzakala nezilonda kwizihlunu ezithambileyo ezisemlonyeni ezibangelwa kukutshaya okugqithisileyo, ukunxila okanye ukosulelwa sisifo sikaGawulayo.-isigulana sisengozini yokufumana umhlaza, size sisiwe kwisibhedlele esikudidi lwesithathu.
Abantu abanesifo sika Gawulayo kunye nabo banoGawulayo babanesifo somlomo. Esi ke sisilonda esivulekileyo okanye, ukwenzakala emlonyeni iDuflucan , iyeza lokunyanga isifo somlomo lifumaneka fele-fele kwikliniki zokuqala zononophelo lwempilo.
URhulumente wePhondo unika inkonzo yokufakela amazinyo kubantu abadala abasokolayo , nakwabo bafumana imali yenkam-nkam nabo bahlala kumakhaya abantu abadala. Kukho nemali ebhatalelwa ukusetyenziswa kwelebhu.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokulungisa amazinyo nemihlathi bangabonwa kumancedo ononophelo lwempilo yokuqala kodwa ke bangasiwa kwisikoko sokufunda ngezamazinyo kwiYunivesithi yaseKapa neSibhedlele iTygerberg.
Iqela lempilo yasezidolophini lidibanisa ugqirha wamazinyo, nomncedisi wakhe nomntu onika impilo ngomlomo, kwiikliniki zasezidolophini.. Imeko yohlukile ke kwimimandla esezilalini ebikhe yandwendwelwa liqela elinezixhobo zokukhupha amazinyo eli jikelezayo . Ezi zixhobo zingasetyenziswa njengenkonzo kaxakeka / engxamisekileyo, ingakumbi ezikolweni.
Inkqubo yokuvuselela nokuthintela iquka ukundwendwela ngabasebenzi bempilo kwizikolo zabangekaqali nakwiizikolo zabaqalayo . Ingcaciso enikwa ngomlomo kwanaleyo inxulumene nayamazinyo nemfundo inikwa oomama abakhulelweyo njengenkonzo ephambi kokubeleka.
Inkonzo ifumaneka kuzo zonke iikliniki namaziko olondolozo lwempilo yokuqala. Izigulana ezineengxaki ezinobuzaza ziza kusiwa ezibhedleleBaza kucelwa bazalise iifomu baze bavulelwe iifolda abantu abaqalayo ukutyelela iikliniki/ izibhedlele ezikumgangatho wesibini nowesithathu. Kuza kufuneka umntu eze nencwadi yakhe yesazisi. Kuza kufunwa ileta ekuthumela esibhedlele xa usiya kuso. Izibhedlele ziza kufuna isijungqe sokwamkela sakho senyanga yokugqibela okanye uxwebhu lokwamkela (IRP5) xa usiza esibhedlele. Kuza kufuneka uze nekhadi lakho xa ubukhe waya esibhedlele.
Awubhatali mali xa usiza kumgangatho wokuqala wolondolozo lwempilo. Kodwa xa uthe wathunyelwa esibhedlele kufuneka ubhatele. Imali ke iza kuxhomekeka kumvuzo owamkelayo okanye kubantu abaxhomekeke kuwe.
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UMbuso ubonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango lwamazinyo nolomlomo kubemi beli ngeenjongo zokuphucula impilo yamazinyo, ukunqanda ukubola kwamazinyo futhi kunyangwe naziphi na iingxaki.
Zeziphi iinkonzo zamazinyo ozifumanayo?
Ngubani omakafumane inkonzo yenkxaso yokufakelwa amazinyo?
Inkonzo yamazinyo yempilo echazwa ngomlomo iineenxenye ezintathu kulondozo olukumgangatho osisiseko (iikliniki zokuqala zolondolozo lwempilo): ukuvuselela, ukunqanda nokunyanga. Kwezinye iindawo zephondo (umz. iMossel Bay) ezi nkonzo zifana nezi ziyafumaneka kwizibhedlele zasekuhlaleni.
Iingcali zempilo yomlomo kumgangatho wekliniki zikhuthaza impilo yomlomo ngokufundisa abantu ngendlela yokugcina imilomo yabo, iintsini, namazinyo ekwimpilo entle, zize zibabonise nangendlela yokuthintela ukubola kwamazinyo nezinye iingxaki zomlomo.
Iinkonzo zonyango ezisisieko ezikhoyo zezengxilingo yomlomo, ezogesi(xray) eziskali nezokucoca amazinyo ukuze kusuke ukubola nokunqanda ukubola kwentsini, ukuwavala xa enemimgxunya nokunyanga iintlungu ezingxamisekileyo nokudumba okudibanisa nokukhutshwa kwezinyo. Into yemboleko egquma izinyo elaphukileyo nendawo ehlala amazinyo emboleko ziyafumaneka kodwa ayizizo izinto zokuqala.
Isigulana sinokunyangelwa ukubola kwentsini (periodontitis) ekliniki. Kananjalo sikhona nesifundo senzululwazi yesifo somlomo -ukwenzakala nezilonda kwizihlunu ezithambileyo ezisemlonyeni ezibangelwa kukutshaya okugqithisileyo, ukunxila okanye ukosulelwa sisifo sikaGawulayo.-isigulana sisengozini yokufumana umhlaza, size sisiwe kwisibhedlele esikudidi lwesithathu.
Abantu abanesifo sika Gawulayo kunye nabo banoGawulayo babanesifo somlomo. Esi ke sisilonda esivulekileyo okanye, ukwenzakala emlonyeni iDuflucan , iyeza lokunyanga isifo somlomo lifumaneka fele-fele kwikliniki zokuqala zononophelo lwempilo.
URhulumente wePhondo unika inkonzo yokufakela amazinyo kubantu abadala abasokolayo , nakwabo bafumana imali yenkam-nkam nabo bahlala kumakhaya abantu abadala. Kukho nemali ebhatalelwa ukusetyenziswa kwelebhu.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokulungisa amazinyo nemihlathi bangabonwa kumancedo ononophelo lwempilo yokuqala kodwa ke bangasiwa kwisikoko sokufunda ngezamazinyo kwiYunivesithi yaseKapa neSibhedlele iTygerberg.
Iqela lempilo yasezidolophini lidibanisa ugqirha wamazinyo, nomncedisi wakhe nomntu onika impilo ngomlomo, kwiikliniki zasezidolophini.. Imeko yohlukile ke kwimimandla esezilalini ebikhe yandwendwelwa liqela elinezixhobo zokukhupha amazinyo eli jikelezayo . Ezi zixhobo zingasetyenziswa njengenkonzo kaxakeka / engxamisekileyo, ingakumbi ezikolweni.
Inkqubo yokuvuselela nokuthintela iquka ukundwendwela ngabasebenzi bempilo kwizikolo zabangekaqali nakwiizikolo zabaqalayo . Ingcaciso enikwa ngomlomo kwanaleyo inxulumene nayamazinyo nemfundo inikwa oomama abakhulelweyo njengenkonzo ephambi kokubeleka.
Inkonzo ifumaneka kuzo zonke iikliniki namaziko olondolozo lwempilo yokuqala. Izigulana ezineengxaki ezinobuzaza ziza kusiwa ezibhedleleBaza kucelwa bazalise iifomu baze bavulelwe iifolda abantu abaqalayo ukutyelela iikliniki/ izibhedlele ezikumgangatho wesibini nowesithathu. Kuza kufuneka umntu eze nencwadi yakhe yesazisi. Kuza kufunwa ileta ekuthumela esibhedlele xa usiya kuso. Izibhedlele ziza kufuna isijungqe sokwamkela sakho senyanga yokugqibela okanye uxwebhu lokwamkela (IRP5) xa usiza esibhedlele. Kuza kufuneka uze nekhadi lakho xa ubukhe waya esibhedlele.
Awubhatali mali xa usiza kumgangatho wokuqala wolondolozo lwempilo. Kodwa xa uthe wathunyelwa esibhedlele kufuneka ubhatele. Imali ke iza kuxhomekeka kumvuzo owamkelayo okanye kubantu abaxhomekeke kuwe.
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Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abakhubazeke ngokomzimba, bangancediswa ukuba bahlale bekwimo yomzimba, yovakalelo, yobukrelekrele, yengqondo nezentlalo entle nesemgangathweni.
Ezi nkonzo zonyango zijoliswe kubantu abathwaxwa zizigulo ezidinga uncedo kuqhaqho, emva kwentlungu, iintungu zamathambo kwakunye nezinye izigulo. Ezi zigulo ziquka, umzekelo ukutsha, ukonzakala entloko, ukuxhozula, iintlungu, ukonzakala esandleni, ukusikwa ilungu lomzimba, ezokuphefumla, ezesifuba nezinye nje izigulo.
Le nkonzo ibaluleke kakhulu koko ayinabanga kangako ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto eziluncedo. Uninzi lweenkonzo zoluntu zifumaneka ezibhedlele nakwizikolo zabaneengxaki ezizodwa, zimbalwa kakhulu iinkonzo ezifumaneka ekuhlaleni. Uninzi lwezi nkonzo lufumaneka kwiindawo zasezidolophini kwaye ngabasebenzi beenkqubo zokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo abangaphantsi kwe-19% abasebenza kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ngaphandle kwemida yeNqila yeKapa.
Iinkonzo zonyangoZenqanaba Lokuqala zifumaneka kuphela kumaziko athile asekuhlaleni nezibhedlele zezithili.
Kodwa zonke iikliniki ziyawuqhuba umsebenzi wokuhlola iintsana nabasaqingqayo. Xa kuthe kwakrokrelwa ukuba umntwana unokhubazeko lwengqondo okanye lomzimba umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki eyodwa kwinqanaba lesibini nenqanaba lesithathu. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. ingcali yezomzimba, okanye ingcali yezomsebenzi kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango ukuba lukhona. Ukongeza kwinkqubo yokuhlola okulandelwa kukuthunyelwa kwelinye iziko, ukubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo kulo mgangatho ikakhulu kugxininisa ekulawulweni kwezifo ezinzima, ukuhambela amakhaya, ukuqeqeshwa kweentsapho nabancedisi bezigulane, ukuvavanyela ukufunyaniswa izibonelelo zokukhubazeka nokubonisana nee-NGOs, amaqela enkxaso, izikolo neekritshi.
Iinkonzo zenqanaba lesibini zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo zenzelwe abantu abakhubazeke nje okwethutyana/abakhubazeke phantse isigxina kwaye kubonelelwa ngazo kwizibhedlele zeenqila nezithili. ICandelo leeNgxaki zoMqolo (unyango lweengxaki ezinzima) kweli leNtshona Koloni lisusiwe kwisiBhedlele i-Conradie e-Pinelands kwiSixeko saseKapa laya kuvulwa kwisiBhedlele i-Groote Schuur.
Amacandelo ajongana nokunyanga abaguliswa ziingxaki zomsebenzi (occupational therapy), macandelo lawo ase-Tygerberg, e-Groote Schuur, e-Stikland nakwisibhedlele sase-Lentegeur abonelela ngenkonzo yokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo enxulumene nezomsebenzi. Oku ikakhulu kubandakanya ukuvavanyelwa ukuqhuba umsebenzi, vavanyo olo luzama ukufumanisa ukulungela kwabo bavavanywayo ukubuyela emsebenzini emva kokonzakala okanye kokugula. Ukuba bakulungele oko baye babe yinxalenye yabathabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yesibhedlele yokubalungiselela ukulungela izakhono eziphambili zokuqhuba umsebenzi. Ukuba abakakulungeli oko, abasebenzi bangacebisa ukuba basetyenziswe kwindawo yengqesho ekhuselweyo, ndawo leyo iphantsi kweSebe lePhondo leeNkonzo zeNtlalo yoLuntu neSebe leSizwe lezeMicimbi yaBasebenzi.
Azingako noko iinkonzo ezikhoyo zokunceda izigulane ezifuna ukunyangelwa iingxaki zonyango, ezangemva koqhaqho, ezangemva kokonzakala kakhulu, ezimalunga nezivamvo, ezamathambo, ezezihlunu namathambo nezinye izigulo. Ezo zigulo zibandakanya, umzekelo, ukutsha, ukonzakala entloko, ukufa kwamalungu athile omzimba, ukunqanyulwa kwamalungu athile omzimba, iingxaki zokuphefumla, ezentliziyo nezinye iingxaki.
Le nkonzo ibandakanya inkonzo yokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo eqhutyelwa ekhaya kwabo bantu bakhulu abakhubazeke ngokomzimba. Ikho ikliniki yabagulela ngaphandle yokuqhuba zonke iinkqubo zokuvavanywa kwezigulane zivavanyelwa iimfuno zokubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo, ukuphinda ekliniki nokuvavanyelwa ukulungela izibonelelo zabakhubazekileyo. Igqiza eliphuma kumaziko ase-Karl Bremer libonelela ngovavanyo lokuhlangabezana neengxaki zabagulayo, vavanyo olo luqhutyelwa kwiikliniki ezisekuhlaleni kwaye lincedisa abaneengxaki ekufumaneneni izixhobo zokubancedisa kwiingxaki zabo, zixhobo ezo zifana nezitulo ezinamavili okuhamba. Eli gqiza likwanceda abasebenzi beenkqubo zokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo abakweminye imimandla ngokubafumanisa amava oqeqesho oluqhutyelwa emsebenzini.
Indlela yokufumana le nkonzo: Abantu abakhubazeke ngokomzimba nabakhubazeke ngokwengqondo kufuneka baqale bazame ukufumanisa ukuba ikho kusini na inkonzo yonyango ekhoyo kwinqanaba lokuqala leenkonzo zonyango. Baya kuthunyelwa kwamanye amanqanaba angaphezulu ukuba kukho imfuneko yoko.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom baze bavulelwe ifayili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho. Xa usiya esibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uze nencwadi ephuma kwikliniki ekuthumela apho esibhedlele. Isibhedlele siya kucela ukuba usinike isilipu sakho somvuzo wokugqibela/incwadana yorhafiso echaza ingeniso yakho (IRP5). Yiza nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba wakha wabhaliswa kwisibhedlele eso.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa wezeMpilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abantu abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ngo-2003, le nkonzo ifanele ukufumaneka simahla. Le nto ibandakanya izigulane zangaphandle nezilaliswe esibhedlele, kwaye ibandakanya iindlela zokunceda abakhubazekileyo ngezinto ezifana nezitulo ezinamavili nezixhobo zokuva. Loo nkonzo yasimahla kufanele ibandakanye abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, kukhubazeka oko okubensiphumo sokuba kube nzima kubo ukuphila ubomi besiqhelo, abantu abakhulileyo abathatyathwa njengebagula kakhulu kunye nezigulane ezigcinwe ixesha elide kwizibhedlele zabagula ngengqondo. Iindlela yokuvavanya le nkqubo neyona ndlela ezakusetyenziswa ngayo zisaphandwa.
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Uninzi lweengxaki zokukhubazeka, kubandakanywa iingxaki zokuthetha nokuva zibonakala xa iintsana nabaqingqayo behlolwa njalo ngexesha lokukhula kwabo kwiikliniki zonyango. Ukuba ikho imfuneko umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki esebenza ngeengxaki ezizodwa. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. igcali yezifo zasemsebenzini, kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango (ukuba lukhona). Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abathi apha ekuhambeni kwexesha babe neengxaki zokuthetha nokuva kuya kufuneka ukuba baye kwikliniki yonyango, apho baya kuvavanywa khona.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom size isigulane eso sivulelwe ifayili. Ukuba ufuna isincedisi esifana nesincedisi sokuva, kuya kufuneka ukuba ufune unesi weengxaki zomzimba okanye ingcali yeengxaki zomzimba kwikliniki ekufutshane okanye kwiziko lezempilo lasekuhlaleni/kwisibhedlele sesithili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho kwaye yena umntwana makaphathelwe ikhadi lakhe elibizwa ngokuba Yindlela Eya Empilweni.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa Wezempilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ku-2003, le nkonzo iya kufumaneka simahla. Le nkonzo ke ijongana nezigulana ezingalaliswayo kwakunye nokwamkelwa ezibhedlele kwezigulana, iquka izixhobo ezincedisda ekukhubazekeni ezifana nezo zokuncedisana nabantu abangevayo. Le nkonzo isimahla ke iquka abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, nto leyo ikhokelele ekubeni kube nzima ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kwaba bantu.
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Uninzi lweengxaki zokukhubazeka, kubandakanywa iingxaki zokuthetha nokuva zibonakala xa iintsana nabaqingqayo behlolwa njalo ngexesha lokukhula kwabo kwiikliniki zonyango. Ukuba ikho imfuneko umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwikliniki esebenza ngeengxaki ezizodwa. Kwangaxeshanye umntwana lowo uya kuthunyelwa kwingcisa lezokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo umz. igcali yezifo zasemsebenzini, kwinqanaba lokuqala lonyango (ukuba lukhona). Abantu abakhulu nabantwana abathi apha ekuhambeni kwexesha babe neengxaki zokuthetha nokuva kuya kufuneka ukuba baye kwikliniki yonyango, apho baya kuvavanywa khona.
Abaqalayo ukuya kwikliniki okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesibini okanye kwisibhedlele senqanaba lesithathu baya kucelwa ukuba bagcwalise ifom size isigulane eso sivulelwe ifayili. Ukuba ufuna isincedisi esifana nesincedisi sokuva, kuya kufuneka ukuba ufune unesi weengxaki zomzimba okanye ingcali yeengxaki zomzimba kwikliniki ekufutshane okanye kwiziko lezempilo lasekuhlaleni/kwisibhedlele sesithili. Yiza nencwadi-sazisi yakho kwaye yena umntwana makaphathelwe ikhadi lakhe elibizwa ngokuba Yindlela Eya Empilweni.
Iinkonzo zifumaneka simahla kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala. Njengoko uMphathiswa Wezempilo, uManto Tshabalala-Msimang, wathi wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwenkqubo yokunceda abakhubazekileyo simahla ukususela ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yeKhala ku-2003, le nkonzo iya kufumaneka simahla. Le nkonzo ke ijongana nezigulana ezingalaliswayo kwakunye nokwamkelwa ezibhedlele kwezigulana, iquka izixhobo ezincedisda ekukhubazekeni ezifana nezo zokuncedisana nabantu abangevayo. Le nkonzo isimahla ke iquka abantu abakhubazeke isigxina, nto leyo ikhokelele ekubeni kube nzima ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kwaba bantu.
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Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo. Ekliniki, ixhoba eli liya kuthi lihlatywe imibuzo ze linikwe neengcebiso ngumsebenzi wezempilo kwigumbi/kwingingqi efihlakeleyo. Umsebenzi wezempilo lo uya kuthi abuze ukuba isenzo eso sokudlwengula sesixeliwe na emapoliseni. Isenzo esi siya kuxelwa empaoliseni kuphela xa ixhoba lifuna ukunikezela ingxelo ngaso, ze ipolisa libizelwe kwelo ziko lezempilo ukuza kumamela ze lithabathe ingxelo leyo. Imiyalelo Yesizwe Yamapolisa Ngezenzo Zokuxhatshazwa Ngokwesondo linyanzelisa ukuba ixhoba lenziwe uvavanyo/unonophelo lwezempilo ngoko nangoko.
Imizekelo yezinto ezithile ethi ifuneke enkundleni iye ithatyathwe kuphela ngokwemvume yexhoba, ze igcinwe njengobungqina bukagqirha ukulungiselela ixesha obunokuthi bufuneke ngalo enkundleni yamatyala.
Amaxhoba okudlwengulwa nokuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo aya kuthi afumane unyango lwezifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo.
Amanina angazifumana izithinteli-kukhulelwa zexesha likaxakeka ukuba afika ekliniki kwisithuba seeyure azingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini emva kokudlwengulwa.
Onke amaxhoba aya kuthi afumane iingcebiso kumsebenzi weziko lezempilo malunga nobungozi bokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo obunokuthi bubekhona emva kokudlwengulwa. Ukuba amaxhoba afika kwisithuba seeyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini emva kokudlwengulwa, aya kuthi anikwe i-AZT, nelichiza elilwa noGawulayo (iZidovudine ngesiNgesi). Amaxhoba afika emva kweeyure ezingamashumi asixhenxe anesibini emva kokudlwengulwa kufuneka efumene iingcebiso malunga nobungozi obunokuthi bubekhona bokufumana intsholongwane kaGawulayo, ze enzelwe idinga lovavanyo lwasemva kweeveki ezintandathu neengcebiso athi azifumane kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu emva kokudlwengulwa.
Amaxhoba okudlwengulwa aya kuthi akhethe phakathi kokuya kufumana iingcebiso kunontlalo-ntle okanye umcebisi oqeqeshiweyo okanye ingcali yokunyanga yabucala (umzekelo: ugqirha wengqondo), okanye uMbutho ojongene namaxhoba okudlwengulwa okanye uMbutho ongomnye ongenguwo okaRhulumente.
Yiya kwiziko lonyango elikufutshane nawe, uchaze ukuba udlwengulwe okanye ubethiwe, okanye uzenziwe zombini ezo zinto.
Kumaziko angamahlanu anesibini aneenkonzo zokuzinikela ngokukodwa ekuncedeni abasetyhini namadoda axhatshazwe ngokwesondo okanye adlwengulwa, okanye enziwa zombini ezi zinto. Ezi kliniki zizodwa nezisebenza ikakhulu iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku, zidwelisiwe kuluhlu lwezikhokhelo zenkqubo nolawulo lweSebe lezeMpilo lePhondo, ezilungiselelwe amaxhoba odlwengulo nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo.
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Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezingaluncedo.
Ingcaciso ngeqela leendlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa inikwa abantu ukuze babe nokwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiingxaki abakhe banazo nokuxilongwa kwemizimba yabo. Ukuba kuthe kwabhaqwa isifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga, eso sifo siya kunyangwa ngamayeza afumaneka kwikliniki okanye umntu lowo angathunyelwa kwikliniki eyodwa ejongene naloo mcimbi, ngokuthi anikwe incwadi yembalelwano ukuba ayinikezele kweso sibhedlele athunyelwa kuso.
Yakuba ityunjiwe loo ndlela ithile yokuthintela ukukhulelwa, lowo ubandakanyekayo uya kusoloko ekhangelwa ukuba akabi nazingxaki ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamachiza awanikiweyo, ngokuthi yena aquqe kwikliniki yakhe.
Nayiphi na intombazana okanye umfazi angazigqibela ngokwakhe ngendlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa afuna ukuyisebenzisa. Akukho mfuneko yakufumana mvume yeqabane lakhe okanye yabazali bakhe. Uninzi lweekliniki lunenkonzo ejongene nolutsha ukuze abantu abatsha babe nokufumana ingcaciso ngocwangciso-ntsapho, oko kusenziwa kwindawo emeko imenza umntu azive ekhululekile.
Isixhobo Esifakwa Ngaphakathi Esibelekweni (iIUD) I-IUD sisixhobo esincinane esifakwa esizalweni sowasetyhini, nesifakwa ngumsebenzi wezempilo oqeqeshelwe loo msebenzi. Isixhobo i-IUD singakuthintela ukumitha kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ubuncinane. Olu hlobo lwendlela yokuthintela umitho ayikuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba owasetyhini okanye iqabane lakhe linamaqabane amaninzi elilalana nawo, i-IUD le mayingabiyo ndlela iphambili ikhethwayo ngaphandle kokuba kusetyenziswa neentsilathi, ukuzikhusela ekosulelekeni zezi zifo zingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo zifana nentsholongwane kaGwulayo/noGawulayo.
Abasetyhini kuye kufuneke ukuba baye ekliniki emva kweeveki ezintandathu i-IUD ifakiwe, ukuze ihlolwe. Iyacetyiswa neyokuba uhlolo luqhutywe qho ngonyaka. I-IUD ifumaneka kwiikliniki ezithile kuphela, kodwa ingathengwa nakwiikhemisti.
Ukuthintela Ukukhulelwa Ngokukhawulezileyo. Le ndlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini abafuna ukuthintela ukukhulelwa emva kokwabelana ngesondo bengazikhuselanga, emva kokudlwengulwa okanye ke mhlawumbi naxa benesikrokro sokuba indlela yokukhusela ukukhulelwa abayisebenzisileyo ayisebenzanga emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngesondo bengazikhuselanga . Iipilisi zothintelo kukhulelwa olungxamisekileyo zingasetyenziswa kwiiyure ezingama-72 (iintsuku ezintathu) emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kokuzikhusela ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo, kodwa zisebenza kakuhle nangakumbi xa zisetyenziswe kwangoko. Ezo pilisi zifumaneka simahla kwiikliniki nasezibhedlele kwaye zingathengwa nakwiikhemisti ngaphandle kwencwadi engumyalelo kagqirha.
I-IUD ingasetyenziswa kwiintsuku nje ezintlanu emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo. Ukuba seligqithile ixesha lokusebenzisa ezi ndlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, kwaye kukho isikrokro sokuba ukhulelwe, inkqubo yokukhupha isisu ingasetyenziswa njengento yokugqibela enokwenziwa . Inkqubo i-TOP isemthethweni eMzantsi Afrika.
Uvalo-nzala: Le yindlela esigxina yokuthintela umitho kwaye ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini namadoda ngokunjalo. Nawuphi na umntu ominyaka ili-18 nangaphezulu nonelungelo lokwenza isigqibo unako ukuvalwa inzala ngokwesicelo sakhe. Kufuneka umntu lowo aqale acetyiswe ngaphambi kokuvalwa kwenzala. Le nto yenziwa ngotyando olungathabathi xesha lide nolulula kwaye loo nto ayiyichaphazeli imo yobomi bomntu lowo koko yenza ukuba uphelelwe lixhala lokukhulelwa okanye lokwenza umntu akhulelwe. Kungabhaliselwa ukuvala inzala kwikliniki esekuhlaleni. Lowo ufuna ukuvala inzala uya kunikwa amacebiso kwaye kuya kufuneka agcwalise ifom yokufaka isicelo. Utyando lwenziwa simahla kumaziko athile oluntu nakwizibhedlele kuwo wonke amanqanaba azo (elokuqala, elesibini nelesithathu). Ugqirha oqhuba utyando olo uya kukucela ukuba utyikitye iphetshana apho umnika imvume yokukutyanda.
Inkqubo yokutyandwa kwamadoda kuthiwa yi-vasectomy, nkqubo leyo idla ngokwenziwa ngeli xesha indoda ihleli, ngokuthi kusetyenziswe isibulali-ntlungu kufutshane nendawo leyo iza kutyandwa okanye kumzimba wonke. Kuye kwenziwe umngxunyana okanye imingxunyana emibini apha kufutshane nezingxotyana zangaphantsi. Umbobho othwala incindi yobudoda (ivas deferens) wesingxotyana ngasinye uya qhawulwa ze ubotshwe. Olu tyando alukhawulezi ukusebenza kwaye kuye kufuneke ukuba kusetyenziswe enye indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokutyandwa, okanye kumatyeli ali-15 ukuya kwangama-20 indoda ethi yabelane ngesondo ngawo. Kuye kufuneke ukuba kuqhutywe uvavanyo lwembewu yenzala ukuqinisekisa ukuba imbewu yenzala ayikho kwimibhobho.
Uvalo-nzala alukuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo.
Inzala yabantu abagula ngengqondo ingavalwa ngokwemimiselo yoMthetho wovalo-nzala, wonyaka ka-1998. Umzali, umgcini, umlondolozi okanye iqabane lingafaka isicelo sokuvalwa kwenzala yomntu ongakwaziyo ukuzenzela izigqibo ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Isicelo eso kufuneka senziwe size sithunyelwe kwisibhedlele esiza kuqhuba loo mcimbi. Kuya kwenziwa idinga lokudibana negqiza leengcali ezintathu zonyango lwabagula ngengqondo, ngenjongo yokuba zivavanye lowo uza kuvalwa inzala nofanele ukuphelekwa ngulowo wenza isicelo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile, igqiza lilo eliza kugqiba ekubeni kuqhutyekekwe kusini na ngovalo-nzala olo.
Le nkonzo ungayifumana kuninzi lweekliniki. Ukuba indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa oyifunayo ayikho, cela ukuba uthunyelwe kwiziko lezempilo elinakho ukwenza oko. Ukuba uya qala ukuya kwelo ziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo wandulwe ukuvulelwa uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi ekuthumela kwelo ziko (ukuba kukho imfuneko), nawo nawaphi na amayeza owasebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki/lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhaliswa kwelo ziko.
Akukho ntlawulo ifunekayo kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala naxa uthunyelwa kumaziko amanye amanqanaba angaphezulu. Abantu abatyandwayo bazifumana simahla iiNkonzo zeAmbulensi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11517.6473.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezingaluncedo.
Ingcaciso ngeqela leendlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa inikwa abantu ukuze babe nokwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiingxaki abakhe banazo nokuxilongwa kwemizimba yabo. Ukuba kuthe kwabhaqwa isifo esingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga, eso sifo siya kunyangwa ngamayeza afumaneka kwikliniki okanye umntu lowo angathunyelwa kwikliniki eyodwa ejongene naloo mcimbi, ngokuthi anikwe incwadi yembalelwano ukuba ayinikezele kweso sibhedlele athunyelwa kuso.
Yakuba ityunjiwe loo ndlela ithile yokuthintela ukukhulelwa, lowo ubandakanyekayo uya kusoloko ekhangelwa ukuba akabi nazingxaki ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamachiza awanikiweyo, ngokuthi yena aquqe kwikliniki yakhe.
Nayiphi na intombazana okanye umfazi angazigqibela ngokwakhe ngendlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa afuna ukuyisebenzisa. Akukho mfuneko yakufumana mvume yeqabane lakhe okanye yabazali bakhe. Uninzi lweekliniki lunenkonzo ejongene nolutsha ukuze abantu abatsha babe nokufumana ingcaciso ngocwangciso-ntsapho, oko kusenziwa kwindawo emeko imenza umntu azive ekhululekile.
Isixhobo Esifakwa Ngaphakathi Esibelekweni (iIUD) I-IUD sisixhobo esincinane esifakwa esizalweni sowasetyhini, nesifakwa ngumsebenzi wezempilo oqeqeshelwe loo msebenzi. Isixhobo i-IUD singakuthintela ukumitha kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ubuncinane. Olu hlobo lwendlela yokuthintela umitho ayikuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo. Ukuba owasetyhini okanye iqabane lakhe linamaqabane amaninzi elilalana nawo, i-IUD le mayingabiyo ndlela iphambili ikhethwayo ngaphandle kokuba kusetyenziswa neentsilathi, ukuzikhusela ekosulelekeni zezi zifo zingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo zifana nentsholongwane kaGwulayo/noGawulayo.
Abasetyhini kuye kufuneke ukuba baye ekliniki emva kweeveki ezintandathu i-IUD ifakiwe, ukuze ihlolwe. Iyacetyiswa neyokuba uhlolo luqhutywe qho ngonyaka. I-IUD ifumaneka kwiikliniki ezithile kuphela, kodwa ingathengwa nakwiikhemisti.
Ukuthintela Ukukhulelwa Ngokukhawulezileyo. Le ndlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini abafuna ukuthintela ukukhulelwa emva kokwabelana ngesondo bengazikhuselanga, emva kokudlwengulwa okanye ke mhlawumbi naxa benesikrokro sokuba indlela yokukhusela ukukhulelwa abayisebenzisileyo ayisebenzanga emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngesondo bengazikhuselanga . Iipilisi zothintelo kukhulelwa olungxamisekileyo zingasetyenziswa kwiiyure ezingama-72 (iintsuku ezintathu) emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kokuzikhusela ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo, kodwa zisebenza kakuhle nangakumbi xa zisetyenziswe kwangoko. Ezo pilisi zifumaneka simahla kwiikliniki nasezibhedlele kwaye zingathengwa nakwiikhemisti ngaphandle kwencwadi engumyalelo kagqirha.
I-IUD ingasetyenziswa kwiintsuku nje ezintlanu emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo. Ukuba seligqithile ixesha lokusebenzisa ezi ndlela zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, kwaye kukho isikrokro sokuba ukhulelwe, inkqubo yokukhupha isisu ingasetyenziswa njengento yokugqibela enokwenziwa . Inkqubo i-TOP isemthethweni eMzantsi Afrika.
Uvalo-nzala: Le yindlela esigxina yokuthintela umitho kwaye ingasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini namadoda ngokunjalo. Nawuphi na umntu ominyaka ili-18 nangaphezulu nonelungelo lokwenza isigqibo unako ukuvalwa inzala ngokwesicelo sakhe. Kufuneka umntu lowo aqale acetyiswe ngaphambi kokuvalwa kwenzala. Le nto yenziwa ngotyando olungathabathi xesha lide nolulula kwaye loo nto ayiyichaphazeli imo yobomi bomntu lowo koko yenza ukuba uphelelwe lixhala lokukhulelwa okanye lokwenza umntu akhulelwe. Kungabhaliselwa ukuvala inzala kwikliniki esekuhlaleni. Lowo ufuna ukuvala inzala uya kunikwa amacebiso kwaye kuya kufuneka agcwalise ifom yokufaka isicelo. Utyando lwenziwa simahla kumaziko athile oluntu nakwizibhedlele kuwo wonke amanqanaba azo (elokuqala, elesibini nelesithathu). Ugqirha oqhuba utyando olo uya kukucela ukuba utyikitye iphetshana apho umnika imvume yokukutyanda.
Inkqubo yokutyandwa kwamadoda kuthiwa yi-vasectomy, nkqubo leyo idla ngokwenziwa ngeli xesha indoda ihleli, ngokuthi kusetyenziswe isibulali-ntlungu kufutshane nendawo leyo iza kutyandwa okanye kumzimba wonke. Kuye kwenziwe umngxunyana okanye imingxunyana emibini apha kufutshane nezingxotyana zangaphantsi. Umbobho othwala incindi yobudoda (ivas deferens) wesingxotyana ngasinye uya qhawulwa ze ubotshwe. Olu tyando alukhawulezi ukusebenza kwaye kuye kufuneke ukuba kusetyenziswe enye indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokutyandwa, okanye kumatyeli ali-15 ukuya kwangama-20 indoda ethi yabelane ngesondo ngawo. Kuye kufuneke ukuba kuqhutywe uvavanyo lwembewu yenzala ukuqinisekisa ukuba imbewu yenzala ayikho kwimibhobho.
Uvalo-nzala alukuthinteli ukosulelwa zizifo ezingumvuka wokwabelana ngesondo.
Inzala yabantu abagula ngengqondo ingavalwa ngokwemimiselo yoMthetho wovalo-nzala, wonyaka ka-1998. Umzali, umgcini, umlondolozi okanye iqabane lingafaka isicelo sokuvalwa kwenzala yomntu ongakwaziyo ukuzenzela izigqibo ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Isicelo eso kufuneka senziwe size sithunyelwe kwisibhedlele esiza kuqhuba loo mcimbi. Kuya kwenziwa idinga lokudibana negqiza leengcali ezintathu zonyango lwabagula ngengqondo, ngenjongo yokuba zivavanye lowo uza kuvalwa inzala nofanele ukuphelekwa ngulowo wenza isicelo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile, igqiza lilo eliza kugqiba ekubeni kuqhutyekekwe kusini na ngovalo-nzala olo.
Le nkonzo ungayifumana kuninzi lweekliniki. Ukuba indlela yokuthintela ukukhulelwa oyifunayo ayikho, cela ukuba uthunyelwe kwiziko lezempilo elinakho ukwenza oko. Ukuba uya qala ukuya kwelo ziko lezempilo, uya kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo wandulwe ukuvulelwa uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadi ekuthumela kwelo ziko (ukuba kukho imfuneko), nawo nawaphi na amayeza owasebenzisayo kunye nekhadi lakho lasekliniki/lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhaliswa kwelo ziko.
Akukho ntlawulo ifunekayo kumaziko onyango enqanaba lokuqala naxa uthunyelwa kumaziko amanye amanqanaba angaphezulu. Abantu abatyandwayo bazifumana simahla iiNkonzo zeAmbulensi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11517.6517.6517.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza. Ukuba kuthe kwafumaniseka iqhuma, uya kuthunyelwa kuphando oluthe xhaxhe, oluya kuhlanganisa imammogram, ukususwa nokuxilongwa kweqhuma elo ukufumanisa ukuba alinabungozi na (alinamhlaza) okanye linobungozi (linomhlaza) na, ze ke umntu lowo aqeqeshelwe ukumelana noku afumane nonyango.
Uqeqesho lokuzivavanya amabele ngokwakho luyanikezelwa kwiiklinikhi. Kufuneka umntu lowo adluliselwe kwiiklinikhi zezigulana ezingalaliswayo ezingahlali kuloo mmandla kwakunye nezibhedlele ezikudidi lwesithathu oluphezulu apho iinkonzo zonyango lomhlaza webele ezibanzi, zingafumaneka khona. Ukuba uyityelela okokuqala le iklinikhi kuyakudingeka ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhalisa kwakunye noxwebhu lwabatyeleli besi sbhedlele luya kuvulwa. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi, ikhadi lakho leseklinikhi/lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisiwe kwenye yezindawo kwakunye nencwadi yembalelwano esuka kweso sikuthumele kule klinikhi yonyango lomhlaza webele.
Iinkonzo zonyango kumaziko onyango lodidi lokuqala zifumaneka simahla kubantu phantsi kwe-medical aid. Ukuba uthi uthunyelwe kwisibhedlele, kusenokufuneka uhlawule. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka emvuzweni wakho nasekubeni bangaphi na abantu abaxhomekeke kuloo mvuzo. Izibhedlele ke ziya kucela ukuba uze nesona siqinisekiso somvuzo wakho sitsha/uvavanyo lomvuzo wakho (iphetshana iIRP5).
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11517.6519.6519.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkonzo izama ukunceda omama notata abangafumani bantwana ukuba bakhawule babe nzima. Ingcebiso nolwazi luyanikezelwa mayela neendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo. Imbali yala maqabane iyathatyathwa zize neemvavanyo zenziwe. Kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, unyango lochumiso luyanikezelwa okanye kucetyiswe ngokuchasene nalo.
Akukho nkonzo zakuchumisa kumgangatho weendawo zonyango lwempilo zokuqala kodwa kumgangatho wesithathu wezibhedlele ezinjengeTygerberg kunye neGroote Schuur zinikezela ngophando olwandisiweyo kwakunye nonyango. Ukudluliselwa phambili kwisibhedlele somgangatho wesithathu kuyimfuneko apho unyango olwahluka-hlukeneyo lochumiso lunikezelwa khona. Ukuba ungumtyeleli wesihlandlo sokuqala kuya kufuneka uzalise ifomu yaye noxwebhu luya kuvulwa. Thabatha incwadi yakho yesazisi kunye nekhadi lakho lasesibhedlele ukuba ubusele ubhalisile esibhedlele.
Kukho indleko ekhoyo. Ixabiso liya kuxhomekeka kumvuzo waba babini kwakunye nenani labantu abaxhomekeke kubo, ngokomlinganiselo wamaxabiso esibhedlele.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11517.6524.6524.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Impilo yokuzala iluxanduva ekwabelwana ngalo sisibibi esithandanayo. Ngoko ke, amadoda anendima ebalulekileyo ekufuneka eyidlalile yaye kufuneka enze okulindelekileyo ngoxanduva lwawo lokuthintela ukukhulelwa nokusebenzisa iintsilathi ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwa okungacwangciswanga kwanokusasazeka Kwezifo Ezingumvuka Wokwabelana Ngesondo, kuquka nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo. Amadoda namanina kufuneka ahlale phantsi namaqabane awo malunga neengcinga zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ze izibini ezo zincokole nangendlela eyamkeleke kubo bobabini yokwenza oko, nokuba ngubani na ekufuneka engoyena uyisebenzisayo le ndlela. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokwenza amadoda angaphindi afumane bantwana yinkqubo elula kakhulu ukuba angayenza amadoda.
Ngenxa yezi ngxelo zigcwele izwe lonke zamadodana athi asutywe kukufa ngenxa yokwaluswa ngendlela engakhuselekanga, la madodana kungoku nje angakhe ukugonywa simahla kwiiklinikhi zenqanaba lokuqala lonyango ukuqinisekisa ukuba basempilweni phambi kokuba baye kwiiindawo zesiko lokwaluka. Kanti la maziko ononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala akwanayo nenkqubo ekhuselekileyo nesempilweni yokwalusa. Le nkqubo ingenziwa kwiintsana ezingamakhwenkwana emva nje kokuzalwa kumaziko ononophelo lwempilo ohlukeneyo.
Kufuneka uye kwiklinikhi ekufutshane nawe yononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala. Abantu abawatyelela okokuqala la maziko/ezi zibhedlele zononophelo lwempilo kwinqanaba lokuqala kuya kufuneka bagcwalise iphetshana yokuba ngamalungu yaye baya kuvulelwa uxwebhu. Yiza nencwadana yakho yesazisi nekhadi lakho laseklinikhi/lasesibhedlele ukuba wawukhe wabhalisa kuloo kwelo ziko.
Inkonzo zeendawo zokuqala zogonyo lwempilo zisisimahla kubantu bonke abangekho ngaphantsi koncedo lukagqirha. Ukuba uthunyelwe esibhedlele, kungakho iindleko ezikhoyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11520.6531.6531.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkqubo yokuthintela ukunwenwa kwesifo sephepha ijolise ekuchongeni abantu abangama- 80% abanesi sifo, ngeenzame zokusinyanga ngoko nangoko. Le Nkqubo ke ikwazama ukufumana eli chibi lingaka labantu abonokosulela abanye ngesi sifo.
Yintoni Isifo Sephepha?
Isifo sephepha esi sisifo esosulela ngokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane, yaye siyingxaki enzima apha eMzantsi Afrika, ingakumbi apha eNtshona Koloni. Isifo sephepha siyosulela kakhulu kodwa ke siyanyangeka. Isinye kwishumi ngalinye labantu lithi lihlaselwe sesi sifo. Ukuba sithi singanyangwa, isigulana eso singosulela abanye abantu abangamashumi amabini nangaphezulu.
Isifo sephepha esi sinwenwa xa abantu abosulelekileyo bekhohlela ngemiphunga yabo amaqamza amancinci anesi sifo bawakhuphele emoyeni, abanye abantu bawasezele angene kubo ngaphakathi. Abantu abanesifo sephepha sezinye iindawo zomzimba abanakho ukusulela abanye. Ukhohlokhohlo olutsho ngamandla iiveki de zibe mbini nangaphezulu ngumqondiso ophambili womntu ohlaselwe sisifo sephepha, ngoko ke ukusuka kwangethuba komntu lowo ahambe aye eklinikhi aye kuxilongwa, kungenza kube lula kakhulu ukusinyanga esi sifo. Iimpawu ezibalaseleyo kakhulu zesi sifo kukukhohlela igazi, ukubila ebusuku, ukwehla kobunzima, kwakunye nokubamba-bamba umphefumlo.
Umntu uthi afumane ukugonyelwa esi sifo okokuqala apho ke athi acelwe ukuba anikezele intwana yesikhohlela kunye nesinye ngosuku olulandelayo. Ezi zikhohlela zimbini ke zithunyelwa kwigumbi lophando lwezonyango ze iziphumo zifumaneke kwiiyure nje ezingama-48 emva gonyo. Sinye kuphela isikhohlela ekufuneka sibonise ukuba umntu lowo unesi sifo.
Ukuba iziphumo zithi umntu lowo unesi sifo, kuya kuthi kunikezelwe iingcebiso, athuthuzelwe ze aboniswe nokuthi angaphila njani kakuhle naso na umntu lowo, aboniswe nangamathuba amahle okufakwa phantsi kwenkqubo yokuthintela ukunwenwa kwesifo sephepha. Ukuba zombini ezi zikhohlela zibonisa ukuba umntu lowo unesi sifo, kuya kuthi kuqaliswe ngonyango ngoko nangoko. Kusengenziwa ne-X-ray, kodwa ke iimvavanyo zesikhohlela zizo eziqondakalisa nezivumelana noxilongo. Ukuba inqanaba lesi sifo kumntu lowo lixhomis' amehlo, umntu lowo ke uya kuthi adluliselwe kwingcungela yeklinikhi esebenza ngesifo sephepha.
Isifo sephepha esi sinokunyangwa xa ugonyo olo lupheleleyo, nto leyo inokuthabatha ithuba eliziinyanga ezisukela kwisithandathu liye kuma kwisibhozo. Abantu abayiqukumbeliyo inkqubo yabo yonyango bazifumana sele bekwimo embi yokungamelani namachiza, nto leyo ke yenza ukuba kube nzima ukunyanga esi sifo. Abanye baba bantu banyangwa kwiiklinikhi zeengcungela zesifo sephepha ezinjengesibhedlele Sesifuba iBrooklyn. Isifo sephepha esi inakho ukusibulala isigulana sayo xa inganyangwa.
Inqanaba eliluqilima lixa kunikezelwa amachiza amane azipilisi iintsuku de zibe ntlanu ngeveki, iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.
Inqanaba lesibini lelo lokuqhubekeka, apho kuthi kunikezelwe amachiza amabini iintsuku de zibe ntlanu, iinyanga zibe ne okanye zibe ntlanu.
Izigulana eziqalayo ukuya esibhedlele ezinesisifo kufuneka zigonywe kangangeenyanga ezintandathu, ngeli lixa zona izigulana ezazikhe zanaso esi sifo ngaphambili kufuneka zisebenzise nje amayeza aso kangangeenyanga ezisibhozo. Ukuba loo mayeza anefuthe elibi kwizigulana, izigulana ezo kufuneka zibuyele eklinikhi. Kuya kuthi kwakhona kwenziwe uvavanyo lwezikhohlela emva kweenyanga ezimbini umntu esbenzisa amachiza onyango ukukhangela inkqubela yolu nyango, ze nasemva kweenyanga ezintlanu okanye ezisixhenxe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana eso sinyangekile na.
Abantwana abanesifo sephepha banikwa uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwamayeza yaye banyangwa kangangeenyanga ezine kuphela. Ukuzama ukuthintela isifo sephepha, iintsana kufuneka zigonywe ngotofo lweBCG, efumaneka simahla kuzo zonke iiklinikhi zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala. Isifo sephepha sokudumba kwenwebu yobuchopho kukugula okuqatha kakhulu ebantwaneni yaye kungabulala. Ukuba kuyakrokreleka (iimpawu zihlanganisa ukuqina kwentamo) umntwana kufuneka abalekiselwe eklinikhi ngokukhawuleza.
iSebe Lezempilo sele liyamkele indlela yoMbutho Wehlabathi Yezempilo ekuthiwa yiDOTS (izifundo ezifutshane zokuqatshelisiswa ngqo konyango) indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba izigulana zincamathela nyani na kunyango. iDOTS le ke yaphunyezwa kuninzi lweeklinikhi eziseNtshona Koloni. Isolotya elibalulekileyo lobu buchule yinkxaso kwakunye nenkuthazo enikezelwa kwezo zigulana ngalo lonke elo xesha leenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo zonyango, apho abaguli baqondisiswa ngqo ukuba bayawathatha na amayeza abo eklinikhi.
Ngokwakumgangatho wasekuhlaleni, iDOTS le isetyenziswa ngamaqela angekho phantsi kolawulo lukaRhulumente besebenzisa abo basebenzi bazinikezela simahla "njengabaxhasi bonyango". La maqela angekho phantsi kolawulo lukaRhulumente asebenza ngesifo sephepha atsala amalungu amatsha, aqeqeshe ze ongamele uluntu lwasekuhlaleni olusebenza ngokuzinikela ngaphandle kwentlawulo asebenze njengabaxhasi bogonyo lwezigulana zesifo sephepha. Aba baxhasi bathumela izigulana zesifo sephepha eklinikhi xa kuyimfuneko. iCape Peninsula University of Technology inikezela ngoqeqesho kubantu abafuna ukuba ngabaxhasi bonyango lwesifo sephepha. Xa ufuna ulwazi oluthe vetshe ngale nkqubo, tsalela kule nombolo: 021 460 3197.
iSebe Lezempilo likwinkqubo yokuqulunqa isicwangciso-qhinga sokulwa isifo sephepha ndawonye nentsholongwane kaGawulayo. Okwakaloku nje kusekho inkonzo yokuya kuzivavanya komntu nokufumana iingcebiso zokumelana neziphumo zolu vavanyo kubantu abaphila nesifo sephepha ngeenjongo zokunciphisa iimeko zokugula nezokusutywa kukufa ngokukhawuleza kwabantu abahlaselwe sesi sifo. IiCotrimoxazole prophylaxis (ezingamachiza okunyanga isifo sokukrala kwemiphunga) ziyanikezelwa kubantu abahlaselwe sisifo sephepha nentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngaxesha-nye.
Kufuneka uye kwiklinikhi yonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala ekwindawo ohlala kuyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11524.10647.10647.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Inkxaso-mali enganxulunyaniswanga natyala ithetha ukuba uya kuthenga indlu leyo yakho usebenzisa inkxaso-mali kunye mhlawumbi nemali oyigcinileyo. Akusayi kuba natyala lamali-mboleko ekuya kufuneka ulihlawule.
Inkxaso-mali enxulunyaniswe netyala ithetha ukuba ufumana inkxaso-mali kunye nemali mboleko. Kuya kufuneka uhlawule ityala lemali-mboleko.
Unakho ukuyisebenzisa inkxaso-mali yolwakhiwo-zindlu ukuthenga indlu. Oku kubandakanya umhlaba kunye noqobo lwendlu.
ube utshatile, uhlala kunye neqabane okanye unabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe ngokwezimali.
ube ngummi osemthethweni waseMzantsi Afrika - kufuneka ube ngummi okanye ube nemvume yokuba ngumhlali osigxina.
ube unakho ukungena kwisivumelwano esisemthethweni - kufuneka ube ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-21 okanye kufuneka ube utshatile okanye ube uqhawule umtshato yaye unengqondo ephilileyo nezinzileyo.
ube unengeniso yenyanga yosapho engagqithaqnga kuma-R3 500.00.
ube awuzange uxhamle kwisibonelelo senkxaso-mali yokwakhiwa kwezindlu sikarhulumente ngaphambili.
ube uyaqala ukuba ngumnini-ndlu okanye womhlaba.
Qaphela: Kukho unxaxho ukuba wenza isicelo senkxaso-mali emanyeneyo okanye izicelo zenkxaso yokufudukela kwenye indawo okanye omnye wamalungu osapho othe walimala.
Isicelo sakho siya kuphumelela kuphela ukuba ngaba ufumana ilungelo eliqinisekisiweyo lokokuba unganakho ukufumana indlu okanye umhlaba.
Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ukulungiselela ukufumana inkxaso-mali yolwakhiwo-zindlu. Ezi fomu ziyafumaneka kwiBhodi yoPhuhliso yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yeNtshona Koloni okanye kooMaspala abaqinisekisiweyo. Ukuba uthe wanikwa inkxaso-mali yolwakhiwo-zindlu enganxulunyaniswanga netyala, unakho ukuyisebenzisa inkxaso-mali ukuthenga indlu okanye umhlaba. Inkxaso-mali inakho ukwangezelelwa ngemali yakho oyigcinileyo.
Xa uthe wagcwalisa iphetshana lesicelo, kufuneka ngokunjalo ungenise amaxwebhu adweliswe kulo.
Ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yesivumelwano sentengiso kunye / okanye isibophelelo sokwakha, ngokunjalo nezicwangciso ezamkelweyo zokwakha.
Ukuchongwa nokuqeshwa komnikeli: Umphuhlisi okanye umthengisi kufuneka atyumbe igqwetha okanye umnikeli. Umnikeli uya kubhalisa ukutshintshelwa kwendlu okanye komhlaba komnye umntu yaye uya kunceda i-WCHDB ukuba ilawule iintlawulo zesixa-mali senkxaso-mali eya kumphuhlisi okanye kumthengisi.
Isiqinisekiso esivela kumnikeli. Esi siqinisekiso singqina ukuba umnikeli ukulungele ukubhalisa indlu okanye umhlaba nokulawula intlawulo yenkxaso-mali. Ukuba umrhumo womnikeli kuthe kwavunyelwana ngawo kufuneka nawo udweliswe.
Lo mrhumo uhlawulwa kwinkxaso-mali. Umrhumo lo unakho ukugqitywa phakathi komnikeli, umthengisi/umphuhlisi kunye nomthengi okanye unakho ukuxoxwa phakathi kwe WCHDB kunye nomnikeli.
Ukuba ngaba akuvisiswana ngomrhumo, iWCHDB inakho ukufuna omnye umnikeli ukuba aqeshwe.
Ungasenza njani isicelo senkxaso-mali enxulunyaniswe netyala?
Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ukuze ube nakho kwenza isicelo senkxaso-mali enxulunyaniswe netyala. La maphetshana esicelo ayafumaneka kubabolekisi abaqinisekisiweyo.
Wenza isicelo senkxaso-mali ngexesha elinye nokwenza isicelo semali-mboleko yebhanki. Zozibini izixa-mali: esenkxaso-mali kunye nemali-mboleko ziya kusetyenziselwa ukuthenga indlu okanye umhlaba.
Inkxaso-mali enxulunyaniswe netyala ilawulwa ziibhanki kunye namaziko emali. La maqumrhu aqinisekisiweyo asebenza njengee-arhente ze-WCHDB.
Unakho ukufumana uludwe lwababolekisi kwiWCHDB ekufutshane nawe.
Kufuneka ungenise isicelo sakho kumbolekisi-mali.
Kufuneka ube sele usiqukumbele isivumelwano sokuthenga indlu okanye umhlaba. Kudliwano-ndlebe lokuqala kunye nombolekisi kufuneka unikezele ngekopi eqinisekisiweyo yesivumelwano eso kumbolekisi-mali. Isivumelwano kufuneka sichaze ukuba akukwazanga kufumana nkxaso-mali kunye namboleko mali, ngoko ke isivumelwano siyaphanza.
Kudliwano-ndlebe lokuqala, umbolekisi-mali uya kukucela ukuba uzalise ifomu yemboleko-mali ekuya kufuneka uyizalise. Baya kukuxelela kwakhona ukuba unalo na okanye akunalo ilungelo lokufumana imboleko-mali.
Ukuba ngaba kukho ithuba lokuba ungayifumana imboleko-mali, umbolekisi-mali uya kukuxelela ukuba iyimalini na idipozithi ekuya kufuneka uyihlawule.
Umbolekisi-mali uya kukuxelela ngeminye imirhumo engeminye ukuba iya kuba yimalini na ukuze ubenokuthenga indlu okanye umhlaba kubandakanywa nemirhumo yokutshintshela ubunini komnye umntu kunye nemirhumo yokubhalisa isiqiniselo semali-mboleko. Umbolekisi-mali akangevumi ukukunika imboleko-mali ukuhlawula lemirhumo.
Ukuba ngaba unakho ukuhlawula idipozithi kunye nemirhumo yaye ukuba ngaba unomzila olungileyo wokulondoloza imali, umbolekisi-mali angakuxelela ngendlela ongayiqukumbela ngayo indlela yemboleko-mali.
Ukuba ngaba akukwazi kufikelela ekubeni ube nayo isixa-mali sokuqala, okanye ukuba indlela ogcina ngayo imali okanye indlela ohlawula ngayo amatyala ayanelisi, akuyi kuba nakho ukufumana imali-mboleko. Unakho ke ngoko, ukukhetha ukwenza isicelo senkxaso-mali enganxulumananga natyala.
Iinkcukacha zolwazi ngokubhekiselele kwiimfuno kunye nenkqubo ebhekiselele kwiNkxaso-mali Yokwakhelwa Komntu Ngamnye Indlu ziyafumaneka kwiKhowudi yoLwakhiwo-zindlu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11524.10654.10654.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iinkxaso-mali Ezimanyanisiweyo ziyilelwe abaxhamli abasele benomhlaba osele uxhaswa ngezimali yaye olungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa ngokufakelwa izibonelelo.
Ukwenza isicelo senkxaso-mali emanyanisiweyo, kufuneka ulandele inkqubo efanayo naleyo yeNkxaso-mali Enxulunyaniswe neProjekti.
Iinkxaso-mali ezinxulumene nomanyaniso ziya kuthi zinikezelwe kubaphuhlisi abaya kuqinisekisa ngokunikezela ngemvume yokuqalwa kweeprojekti. Aba baphuhlisi idla ngokuba ngoomaspala.
Iiprojekti zolwakhiwo-zindlu kufuneka zisekelwe phezu kwezivumelwano ezibandakanya uluntu phakathi kwamaqela achaphazelekayo okanye ethe iprojekti yanefuthe kuwo. Okona kubalulekileyo kukuba iingingqi ezixhamlayo kunye nabaphuhlisi bavumelane ngesiphumo kwanendlela yokwenziwa kwalo msebenzi.
Iinkcukacha zeemfuno zokufaneleka kunye nenkqubo yokwenziwa kwesicelo ziqulethwe KwiZikhokelo zeNkxaso-mali yoLwakhiwo Lwezindlu zeSebe loLwakhiwo Lwezindlu kuRhulumente weSizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11524.10666.10666.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kwiingingqi zasemaphandleni, uninzi lwabantu alunamalungelo asemthethweni kwimihlaba yabo kodwa banalo ukhuseleko olusebenzayo lokusebenzisa umhlaba. Umzekelo, ilungelo lokusebenzisa umhlaba elinikezelwe ngokwemiqathango yemithetho kunye nezithethe zesizwe, isithethe, ukusetyenziswa okanye indlela yolawulo kwingingqi ethile okanye kuluntu okanye ngoncedo lokuhlala kumhlaba kaRhulumente kangangexesha elingaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu. Ezi ndidi zamalungelo okusetyenziswa komhlaba zikhuseleke phantsi koMthetho woKhuseleko lwaMalungelo oMhlaba Ongamiselekanga njengoko iinkqubo zokubuyiselwa ngokutsha komhlaba kuqaliswa ngazo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abangenalo ilungelo lokusebenzisa umhlaba ngokwasemthethweni abanakuze babe nalungelo lakufumana nkxaso-mali phantsi koLungiselelo lweNkxaso-mali yoLwakhiwo-zindlu ngoko ke inkxaso-mali eyodwa ithe yaphuhliswa.
Inkxaso-mali iyakuthi inikezelwe kuphela kubantu abanamalungelo angamiselekanga anokuthi angaphikiswa yaye abangafanelanga ukuba balahlekane naloo malungelo ngexesha kuqhutywa inkqubo yokubuyiselwa ngokutsha komhlaba. Ngaphezu koko umntu ngamnye kufuneka athobele yaye alungelelane neenqobo zokokuba angaselungelweni njengoko kuchaziwe kumhlathi-3.1.
Ngokwemiqathango yomhlaba ophantsi kolawulo loluntu, ukuba ngaba umntu unikwe inkxaso-mali yophuhliso lwamaphandle aze alahlekane namalungelo omhlaba wakhe, inkqubo sele iqulunqiwe apho umntu anganalo ilungelo lokufumana enye inkxaso-mali.
Nangona le nkxaso-mali ibizwa njengenkxaso-mali yophuhliso emaphandleni ayiphelelanga ekusetyenzisweni kwiingingqi ezisemaphandleni kuphela, iyafumaneka kwiingingqi ezisezidolophini ngokunjalo. Olu didi lwenkxaso-mali luthatyathwa njengenkxaso-mali ekubhenelwa kuyo ekugqibeleni njengoko ibonwa njengemfuneko into yokokuba amalungelo akhuselekileyo okusebenzisa umhlaba athi anikezelwe kuzo zonke iimeko.
Inkxaso-mali inakho ukufumaneka kwimeko apho kuza kwenziwa iprojekti, kodwa akukho nani lincinane okanye likhulu labathathi-nxaxheba elithi linyanzeliswe. IiBhodi zoPhuhliso zoLwakhiwo-zindlu zePhondo ziyavunyelwa ukuba ziqinisekise iiarhente zokuqalisa umsebenzi ukuba zichonge, zicwangcise ze ziqalise iiprojekti ngokwemiqathango yale nkxaso-mali.
Inkxaso-mali evunyelweyo ihlawulwa kwii-arhente zemali ezichongwe yiBhodi yoPhuhliso loLwakhiwo-zindlu yePhondo ethi ilawule ukuhlawulwa kwezixa-mali.
Inkxaso-mali yophuhliso emaphandleni inakho ukusetyenziselwa nayiphi na injongo enxulumene nolwakhiwo-zindlu evunyelwe yiBhodi yoPhuhliso yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yePhondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11524.10696.10696.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loLawulo loLwakhiwo-zindlu lunceda oomaspala, iingingqi kunye nabantu abathabatha inxaxheba ngolwazi kunye neengcebiso ngokubhekiselele kwiNkqubo Yabantu Yokwakhiwa Kwezindlu(PHP).
Ithi kwakho iqwalasele, ilawule izicelo ze-PHP ze inikezele ngeemvume zokuqaliswa kweeprojekti.
INkqubo Yabantu Yokwakhiwa Kwezindlu yindlela yokunceda abantu abanelungelo lokufumana inkxaso-mali yezindlu ze ukwenza oku kube lulutho ze bathi abantu bazakhele okanye baququzelele ulwakhiwo lwamakhaya abo ngokwabo. Inceda amakhaya ukuba abe nokuzuza inkxaso-mali ze afumane inkxaso ebhekiselele kubuchule, kwimali, kwindlela zokusebenza kunye nolawulo ngokunxulumene nolwakhiwo lwamakhaya abo.
Abantu abazakhela amakhaya abo ngokwabo okanye abaququzelela ulwakhiwo lwamakhaya abo ngokwabo, banakho ukwakha izindlu ezingcono ngexabiso elingabhekele phi.
ulondoloze kwiindleko zentlawulo yabasebenzi kuba unakho ukuzenzela omnye umsebenzi wokwakha ngokwakho okanye ngokusebenza kunye nosapho lwakho, abamelwane, abahlobo okanye abanye abaze kukuncedisa.
Ube nokuthintela ukuhlawula ingeniso kubaphuhlisi.
Ukwandiswa kokusetyenziswa kwezigqibo ezizezakho.
Ngokuphandle, iNkqubo yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yaBantu ikuvulela ithuba lokusebenzisa inkxaso-mali ukwakha indlu yakho. Uncedo lobugcisa kunye nenkxaso kule nkqubo lubaluleke kakhulu. Ngoko ke wonke umntu othabatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo kufuneka enoMbutho Oxhasayo. Lo mbutho unikezela ngenkxaso kubugcisa obuza kuthi buqinisekise ukuba indlu yakhiwa ngendlela eyiyo.
Ukuze ube nakho ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwiNkqubo yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yaBantu, uMbutho Oxhasayo kufuneka usekwe.
bazenze babe ngamalungu alo Mbutho Uxhasayo, okanye bachonge uMbutho Oxhasayo onekhono ze bangene kwisivumelwano kunye nawo.
UMbutho Oxhasayo kufuneka ube ngumbutho osemthethweni.
Ngendlela yokuyilwa kombutho oxhasayo.
Ngendlela yokwenza isivumelwano nombutho oxhasayo.
Ngeendidi zemibutho exhasayo.
Ngendlela enokuthi imibutho exhasayo iqhube ngayo indlela yenkxaso yolawulo lobugcisa.
Ngobungakanani benkxaso ekufuneka inikezelwe ngumbutho oxhasayo.
Ngendima edlalwa ngumbutho oxhasayo ekuthengweni kwempahla nezixhobo zokwakha.
Ngeemfuno zokusekwa kwe-ofisi ephezulu.
Nge-akhawunti yebhanka ekufuneka lo mbutho uxhasayo uyivulile.
Ngokuqalisa nokuseka iminikelo ekhoyo nevulelekileyo kumbutho oxhasayo.
Ngemfuno yokokuba umbutho oxhasayo kufuneka utyumbe okanye uqeshe umqinisekisi kunye nomlawuli we-akhawunti.
Ube utshatile okanye uyahlalisana nomnye umntu okanye ube unabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe ngokwezimali.
Ube ungummi ngokusemthethweni weli loMzantsi Afrika.
Ube nalo ikhono ngokusemthethweni lokungena kwisivumelwano. Oko kukuthi, kufuneka ube ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-21 ubudala okanye mawube utshatile yaye unengqondo ephilileyo.
Wamkela isixa somvuzo ohlangeneyo ongekho ngaphantsi kwama-R3 500 ngenyanga.
Ube akuzange ufumane inkxaso-mali kuRhulumente ngaphambili yokuthenga indlu.
Ube uyaqala ukuba ngumnini-ndlu/ngumnini-mhlaba.
Ube nakho ukuyila okanye ukungena kwisivumelwano noMbutho Oxhasayo osemthethweni. UMbutho Oxhasayo uya kukunika inkxaso yobugcisa nolawulo.
UMbutho Oxhasayo ungenisa isicelo kwiBhodi yoPhuhliso yoLwakhiwo-zindlu yePhondo egameni labaxhamli.
Isicelo kufuneka sihambelane neemfuno ezithile zodidi lwenkxaso-mali yolwakhiwo-ndlu ekwenziwa isicelo salo.
inkxaso-mali emanyeneyo inkxaso-mali enxulumene neprojekti inkxaso-mali yeziko inkxaso-mali yophuhliso lwamaphandle.
Isicelo kufuneka sidwelise iindlela ekuvunyelwene ngazo yokwahlula imbambano phakathi koMbutho Oxhasayo kunye neentsapho ezixhamlayo kwimeko apho kunokuthi kuvele ukungqubana kwezimvo nokungavani ngeli xesha kuqhutywa iprojekti.
Kukwakho nezinye iimfuno ezongezelelweyo zodidi ngalunye lwenkxaso-mali nganye yolwakhiwo-zindlu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11524.5277.5277.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amasebe esizwe amabini, Elemicimbi Yemihlaba Nelezindlu anikezela ngeenkxaso-mali nangoncedo-mali lokuthenga okanye ukuphuhlisa imihlaba nezindlu. Nawuphi na umzi unokufumana ukuya kuma kwishumi elinesithandathu lamawaka eerandi kuncedo-mali lokuthenga nokuphuhlisa izindlu. Ayiyomali-mboleko le futhi akudingeki ukuba iphinde ibuyiswe.
Ukuba uhlala kuloo mhlaba futhi ufuna ukuwuthenga okanye ufumane imvume yokuhlala kuwo isigxina, ungasifaka isicelo sezi nkxaso-mali. Zisenokusetyenziselwa ukwakha izindlu nokufakelwa kwemibhobho yamanzi, ucoceko, imigaqo neengcingo.
ube ngummi woMzantsi Afrika ube ngaphezu kweshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka ubudala ube nabantu okanye abantwana abaxhomekeke kuwe okanye uhlale nomnye umntu omdala uhlale kwikhaya elifumana ingeniso engaphantsi kwewaka elinesihlanu lamakhulu eerandi ngenyanga.
Ukuba amakhaya afuna ukufaka izicelo kunye angakwenza oko. Ingeniso yekhaya ngalinye kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwewaka elinamakhulu amahlanu eerandi ngenyanga.
kubantu abangenamihlaba, ingakumbi amakhosikazi abasebenzi basezifama neentsapho zabo abaqashwa abahlala emisebenzini neentsapho zabo abahlali abafuna ukuba ngabanini abakhuselekileyo bemihlaba abahlala kuyo abantu abakumashishini abafuna imihlaba emaphandleni ukuze bavelise kuwo izivuno zabo abantu abafumana umhlaba ngokwemisebenzi yenkqubo yokubuyiselwa komhlaba eluntwini abantu abaphulukana nomhlaba ngexesha lenkqubo localu-calulo ngokobuhlanga kodwa bengenakufumana mihlaba ngokwemigaqo yomthetho iRestitution of Land Act.
Le nkxaso-mali ingasetyenziselwa ukuqesha abacwangcisi nezinye iingcali zize kuncedisa ekucwangcisweni kokuzinza. Inokuhlawulela iinkonzo ezifana neentlawulo zamagqwetha, ucwangciso lokusetyenziswa komhlaba kwanokucwangciswa kwezibonelelo zokwakha nokuphuhlisa loo mhlaba.
Le nkxaso-mali yahlula-hlulwa njengesahlulelo umzi ngamnye onokusifumana kule nkqubo yokuzinza kuloo mhlaba. Isixa esihlawulwa iingcali sitsalwa kweli shumi linesithandathu samawaka eerandi sifunyanwa ngumzi ngamnye.
Ukhethe ummeli wasekuhlaleni ukuba afakele abahlali abo isicelo.
Uqhagamshelane ne-ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi Yemihlaba ze ugcwalise nephetshana lesicelo.
Le nkxaso-mali yenzelwe ukunceda oorhulumente bamakhaya ukuba bathengele abahlali imihlaba ukuze baphilise imfuyo yabo futhi batyale nezivuno zabo kuyo. Amalungu asekuhlaleni angaya kurhulumente weso sithili okanye wesixeko sabo acele ukukhutshwa komhlaba ongowabahlali bonke ukuze wonke ubani apho abe nokuvelisa kuwo. Basenakho nokuqhagamshelana neSebe Lemicimbi Yemihlaba lephondo labo.
Kufaka igalelo kwiintlawulo zaloo mhlaba.
Kubonisa iSebe Lemicimbi Yemihlaba iimpepha zezimali zabo.
Kuzinikela ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umhlaba lo uya kunikezelwa kuphela kubona bahlali bahluphekileyo.
Kunikezela ngoluhlu lwamalungu asekuhlaleni aya kusebenzisa loo mhlaba.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11525.17385.17385.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho emva nje kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu kwenzikile oko.
Xa ubhalisa umntwana, uya kufumana isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa esishwankathelweyo simahla.
Ukuba utshatile, umntwana uya kubhaliswa ngegama likayise. Kodwa ke, ukuba akutshatanga, umntwana angabhaliswa ngegama likayise okanye likanina.
Qwalasela: Akuyomfuneko ukubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, ukuba umntwana uzelwe engasaphili.
Ukuze ubhalise umntwana wakho, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa komntwana elingu-BI-24 ze ulingenise kweyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe. Eli phetshana liqulethe inkcazo ngomntwana lowo (isini, njalo-njalo) kwakunye negama nefani yomntwana. Abazali kufuneka beze neencwadana zabo zezazisi ndawonye nesiqinisekiso sasesibhedlele okanye ikhadi laseklinikhi lomntwana.
Ukuba akukhange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuqala ezelwe umntwana, kodwa umntwana usengaphantsi konyaka ubudala, kufuneka ugcwalise ipetshana lokubhaliswa komntwana u-BI-24, ze ucacise futhi ukuba kutheni ungazange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku nje ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe umntwana lowo.
Ukuba umntwana ungaphezulu konyaka kodwa usengaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakhe u-BI-24/1 ze ulingenise ndawonye nezizathu ezibhaliweyo ezichaza ukuba kutheni engazange abhaliswe kwiintsuku zokuqala ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe nje.
Iintetho neziqinisekiso ezifungelweyo zabazali okanye ke, kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, ezisuka kwisizalwane esisondeleyo ngokuzalana nomntwana lo, sizalwane eso simshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubuncinci umntwana lowo, esiya kuqinisekisa iinkcukacha nobume bakhe.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa apho umntwana wazalelwa khona, esityikitywe ngumntu ophetheyo futhi esiqulethe istampu seziko elo.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zomntwana njengoko zikho kwiincwadi zesikolo sakhe.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa komntwana.
Ikhadi lomntwana laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela umntwana aqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba ungaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala futhi awuzange ubhaliswe emva kokuzalwa, isicelo sokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakho kufuneka sikhaphe isicelo sakho seNcwadana Yesazisi. Kufuneka ungenise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-24/15 ndawonye no-BI-9 (oliphetshana lokufaka isicelo sencwadana yesazisi).
Iziqinisekiso neentetho ezifungelweyo ezisuka kubazali, ze kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, isizalwane esisondeleyo nesimshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubudala umntwana lowo ubuncinci, kufuneka ziqinisekise iinkcukacha nobume bomntwana.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa owazalelwa kulo, esityikitywe ngumntu ophethe apho nesiqulethe istampu esisesikweni selo ziko.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zakho njengoko zibonakala kwiimpepha zesikolo sakho sokuqala. Isiqinisekiso esi kufuneka sibonakale kwiphepha elinophawu olusesikweni lwesikolo esi, sityikitywe yinqununu yesikolo, futhi siqulathe istampu esisesikweni sesi sikolo.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa kwakho.
Ikhadi lakho laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela oqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uzelelwe ngaphandle kwemida yoMzantsi Afrika kodwa omnye wabazali abe engummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungatyelela iziko loonozaku-zaku okanye labathunywa boMzantsi Afrika elikwelo lizwe ukuze ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana lowo.
nephetshana u-BI-529 Elinemibuzo Ngobuzwe Nobumi bakho isiqinisekiso esiqinisekisiweyo sokuzalelwa komntwana wakho kwelo lizwe nesiqulethe iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo zabazali bakhe kwimeko apho umntwana angaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka nangaphezulu ubudala, iphetshana lesicelo sokubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, kudingeka ugcwalise u-BI-9, oliphetshana lesicelo sencwadana yesazisi.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, tyelela iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya okanye uqhagamshelane neyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe.
Akukho ntlawulo idingekayo xa ubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11525.17385.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kufuneka ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho emva nje kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu kwenzikile oko.
Xa ubhalisa umntwana, uya kufumana isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa esishwankathelweyo simahla.
Ukuba utshatile, umntwana uya kubhaliswa ngegama likayise. Kodwa ke, ukuba akutshatanga, umntwana angabhaliswa ngegama likayise okanye likanina.
Qwalasela: Akuyomfuneko ukubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, ukuba umntwana uzelwe engasaphili.
Ukuze ubhalise umntwana wakho, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa komntwana elingu-BI-24 ze ulingenise kweyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe. Eli phetshana liqulethe inkcazo ngomntwana lowo (isini, njalo-njalo) kwakunye negama nefani yomntwana. Abazali kufuneka beze neencwadana zabo zezazisi ndawonye nesiqinisekiso sasesibhedlele okanye ikhadi laseklinikhi lomntwana.
Ukuba akukhange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuqala ezelwe umntwana, kodwa umntwana usengaphantsi konyaka ubudala, kufuneka ugcwalise ipetshana lokubhaliswa komntwana u-BI-24, ze ucacise futhi ukuba kutheni ungazange ukubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana wakho kwiintsuku nje ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe umntwana lowo.
Ukuba umntwana ungaphezulu konyaka kodwa usengaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakhe u-BI-24/1 ze ulingenise ndawonye nezizathu ezibhaliweyo ezichaza ukuba kutheni engazange abhaliswe kwiintsuku zokuqala ezingamashumi amathathu ezelwe nje.
Iintetho neziqinisekiso ezifungelweyo zabazali okanye ke, kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, ezisuka kwisizalwane esisondeleyo ngokuzalana nomntwana lo, sizalwane eso simshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubuncinci umntwana lowo, esiya kuqinisekisa iinkcukacha nobume bakhe.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa apho umntwana wazalelwa khona, esityikitywe ngumntu ophetheyo futhi esiqulethe istampu seziko elo.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zomntwana njengoko zikho kwiincwadi zesikolo sakhe.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa komntwana.
Ikhadi lomntwana laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela umntwana aqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba ungaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka ubudala futhi awuzange ubhaliswe emva kokuzalwa, isicelo sokubhaliswa kokuzalwa kwakho kufuneka sikhaphe isicelo sakho seNcwadana Yesazisi. Kufuneka ungenise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-24/15 ndawonye no-BI-9 (oliphetshana lokufaka isicelo sencwadana yesazisi).
Iziqinisekiso neentetho ezifungelweyo ezisuka kubazali, ze kwimeko apho abazali bangasaphiliyo, isizalwane esisondeleyo nesimshiya ngeshumi leminyaka ubudala umntwana lowo ubuncinci, kufuneka ziqinisekise iinkcukacha nobume bomntwana.
Isiqinisekiso esisuka kwisibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokubelekisa owazalelwa kulo, esityikitywe ngumntu ophethe apho nesiqulethe istampu esisesikweni selo ziko.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha zakho njengoko zibonakala kwiimpepha zesikolo sakho sokuqala. Isiqinisekiso esi kufuneka sibonakale kwiphepha elinophawu olusesikweni lwesikolo esi, sityikitywe yinqununu yesikolo, futhi siqulathe istampu esisesikweni sesi sikolo.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa kwakho.
Ikhadi lakho laseklinikhi.
Iingxelo zendlela oqhuba ngayo esikolweni.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uzelelwe ngaphandle kwemida yoMzantsi Afrika kodwa omnye wabazali abe engummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungatyelela iziko loonozaku-zaku okanye labathunywa boMzantsi Afrika elikwelo lizwe ukuze ubhalise ukuzalwa komntwana lowo.
nephetshana u-BI-529 Elinemibuzo Ngobuzwe Nobumi bakho isiqinisekiso esiqinisekisiweyo sokuzalelwa komntwana wakho kwelo lizwe nesiqulethe iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo zabazali bakhe kwimeko apho umntwana angaphezu kweshumi elinesihlanu leminyaka nangaphezulu ubudala, iphetshana lesicelo sokubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana, kudingeka ugcwalise u-BI-9, oliphetshana lesicelo sencwadana yesazisi.
Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, tyelela iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya okanye uqhagamshelane neyona ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ikufutshane nawe.
Akukho ntlawulo idingekayo xa ubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11530.17663.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Incwadi Yesazisi yincwadi yaseburhulumenteni esetyenziselwa ukuzazisa. Ilizwe ngalinye kufuneka likwazi ukubazi abemi balo. Amaziko abucala nakawonke-wonke nawo afuna ubungqina bokuba ungulo mntu uthi unguye(umzekelo, ukwenzela ukubhankisha nokuvota).
Ungayifumana incwadana yesazisi yase Mzantsi Afrika ukuba ungummi weli okanye umhali osisigxina yaye ukuba uneminyaka eli-16 okanye ngaphezulu uzelwe.
Ukuba incwadana yakho yesazisi ilahlekile, ibiwe okanye yonakele, unokufaka isicelo senye.
Iinkcukacha zakho zitshintshile.
Imeko yakho yobumi beli itshintshile.
Utshintshe ifani yakho (umzekelo, ukuba uyatshata okanye waphule umtshato).
Usahlala okwethutyana kwelinye ilizwe yaye ubukhe ngaphambili wanayo incwadana yesazisi yaseMzantSI Afrika.
Abantu abafudukele kweli abaneemvume ezisebenzayo zokuba ngabahlali besigxina bangazifumana iincwadi zezazisi nabo.
Incwadana yesazisi yethutyana isebenza njengobungqina bokuzazisa kwakho ngexa usalinde isicelo sakho sencwadana yesazisi ukuba iphunyezwe. Le ncwadana yeyokusetyenziswa ithutyana elincinci kuphela.
Ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngokufaka isicelo sencwadana yesazisi, ndwendwela I- website yeSebe Lemicimbi YeKhaya.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11531.17710.17710.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Phambi kokuba ungene eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yexeshana. Kwizibuko lokungena, incwadana leyo iya kuthathwa ze wena unikwe iphepha-mvume lokuhlala kweli ixeshana elixela ukuba unokuhlala ixesha elingakanani yaye ngasiphi na isizathu. Kufuneka ufake izicelo ezixela izizathu zondwendwe lwakho, phambi kokuba uze kweli lizwe.
imvume yeendwendwe - yeyabantu abandwendwela uMzantsi Afrika imvume yezozakuzo - eyenzelwe oonozakuzaku imvume yokufunda- yenzelwe abantu abafuna ukufunda eMzantsi Afrika imvume yothetha-thethwano - iimvume zokuhlala okwethutyana ezenzelwe abantu ekufuneka bekweli ngenxa yesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe imvume yoshishino - eyenzelwe abantu abafuna ukurhweba okanye bathenge ishishini eMzantsi Afrika imvume yabasebenzi benqanawa - eyenzelwe abasebenzi beenqanawa imvume yokufumana unyango - imvume yeenyanga ezintathu yabantu abafuna unyango eMzantsi Afrika imvume yezizalwane - eyenzelwe abantu abanezizalwane eziseMzantsi Afrika imvume yomntu osethathe umhla-phantsi - eyenzelwe abantu abanengeniso eqingqiweyo yomhlala-phantsi kwilizwe labo lokuzalwa imvume yotshintsho - eyenzelwe abantu abathatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zotshintshiselwano ngenkcubeko, ezoqoqosho kwakunye nezoluntu jikelele.
Awuvumelekanga ukuba ufunde ngemvume yokuphangela, okanye uphangele ngeyokufunda.
Awunakungena kweli lizwe de ufumane imvume encanyathiselwe kwincwadana yakho yokundwendwela, ngaphandle kokuba sele unayo imvume futhi ufuna ukuyitshintshela kwenye.
Izicelo zeemvume zilawulwa nguMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Isebe eli liyazivumela izicelo zeemvume zokuphangela ezixhonywe ekubeni ukho na okanye hayi ummi weli onokufakwa kweso sithuba somsebenzi sikhoyo. Ukuba ukho, ambalwa amathuba okuba isicelo eso siphumelele.
Isebe eli sele lizivumela izicelo zeemvume zokuphangela kwabasebenzi abangundoqo (umzekelo igosa lolawulo eliyintloko) yeenkampani zamanye amazwe ezirhweba eMzantsi Afrika.
Umthetho Wokufudukela Kweli wazise ngendlela yeemvume zokusebenza ngezabelo.
Sifakwa njani isicelo semvume yokusebenza?
Sifakwa njani isicelo semvume yokufunda?
Kufuneka ufake iphetshana lesicelo uBI-159 kummeli wozakuzo womzantsi Afrika kwilizwe osoloko uhlala kulo okanye ilizwe onencwadana yalo yokundwendwela.
Ungasifaka isicelo nakwigqwetha okanye umthunywa waseMzantsi Afrika onamandla okukusebenzela njengegqwetha.
sisibonelelo esiluqilima somsebenzi incwadi esuka kulowo uza kukuqesha exela usuku esi sithuba esivele ngalo, sasasazwa njani yaye kutheni kunyanzeleke ukuba kude kuqeshwe umntu ongengommi woMzantsi Afrika.
Intlawulo yesicelo semvume yokuphangela ngasinye imalunga ne-US$186 yaye njengesiqhelo ithatha iiveki ezisibhozo ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini. Izicelo zabasebenzi abangundoqo zona zithatha malunga neeveki ezimbini.
Xa isicelo sakho sele sigqityiwe, impendulo ithunyelwa ngefeksi kubameli boMzantsi Afrika kwilizwe ofake isicelo ukulo.
Kufuneka kuqala ufake isicelo sokwamkelwa njengomfundi kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo ofuna ukufunda kulo. Xa ufumana incwadi ethi usathathiwe, ungafaka isicelo semvume yokufunda.
Kufuneka uye kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika ufake isicelo sale mvume. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-B1-159.
YIncwadi engqina ukuba usathathiwe njengomfundi esuka kwiziko lemfundo ofuna ukufunda kulo.
Ziinkcukacha ngamalungiselelo endawo oza kuhlala kuyo.
Bubungqina bokuba ungazihlawula iindleko zemfundo nokuhlala kwakho ze nawe ube nako ukuzixhasa.
Isifungo esibhaliweyo sokuba uya kubuyela kwilizwe ohlala kulo okanye lakokwenu xa uzigqibile izifundo zakho.
Ingxelo kagqirha wakho eqinisekisa ukuba usempilweni.
Ukuba isicelo sakho siyaphumelela, uya kunikwa isiqinisekiso sokundwendwela amaxesha amaninzi.
Sinokuthatha ukuya kwiiveki ezisibhozo ukuba siphunyezwe. Awunakho ukungena eMzantsi Afrika de ube uyinikiwe le mvume.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11531.17710.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Phambi kokuba ungene eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yexeshana. Kwizibuko lokungena, incwadana leyo iya kuthathwa ze wena unikwe iphepha-mvume lokuhlala kweli ixeshana elixela ukuba unokuhlala ixesha elingakanani yaye ngasiphi na isizathu. Kufuneka ufake izicelo ezixela izizathu zondwendwe lwakho, phambi kokuba uze kweli lizwe.
imvume yeendwendwe - yeyabantu abandwendwela uMzantsi Afrika imvume yezozakuzo - eyenzelwe oonozakuzaku imvume yokufunda- yenzelwe abantu abafuna ukufunda eMzantsi Afrika imvume yothetha-thethwano - iimvume zokuhlala okwethutyana ezenzelwe abantu ekufuneka bekweli ngenxa yesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe imvume yoshishino - eyenzelwe abantu abafuna ukurhweba okanye bathenge ishishini eMzantsi Afrika imvume yabasebenzi benqanawa - eyenzelwe abasebenzi beenqanawa imvume yokufumana unyango - imvume yeenyanga ezintathu yabantu abafuna unyango eMzantsi Afrika imvume yezizalwane - eyenzelwe abantu abanezizalwane eziseMzantsi Afrika imvume yomntu osethathe umhla-phantsi - eyenzelwe abantu abanengeniso eqingqiweyo yomhlala-phantsi kwilizwe labo lokuzalwa imvume yotshintsho - eyenzelwe abantu abathatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zotshintshiselwano ngenkcubeko, ezoqoqosho kwakunye nezoluntu jikelele.
Awuvumelekanga ukuba ufunde ngemvume yokuphangela, okanye uphangele ngeyokufunda.
Awunakungena kweli lizwe de ufumane imvume encanyathiselwe kwincwadana yakho yokundwendwela, ngaphandle kokuba sele unayo imvume futhi ufuna ukuyitshintshela kwenye.
Izicelo zeemvume zilawulwa nguMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Isebe eli liyazivumela izicelo zeemvume zokuphangela ezixhonywe ekubeni ukho na okanye hayi ummi weli onokufakwa kweso sithuba somsebenzi sikhoyo. Ukuba ukho, ambalwa amathuba okuba isicelo eso siphumelele.
Isebe eli sele lizivumela izicelo zeemvume zokuphangela kwabasebenzi abangundoqo (umzekelo igosa lolawulo eliyintloko) yeenkampani zamanye amazwe ezirhweba eMzantsi Afrika.
Umthetho Wokufudukela Kweli wazise ngendlela yeemvume zokusebenza ngezabelo.
Sifakwa njani isicelo semvume yokusebenza?
Sifakwa njani isicelo semvume yokufunda?
Kufuneka ufake iphetshana lesicelo uBI-159 kummeli wozakuzo womzantsi Afrika kwilizwe osoloko uhlala kulo okanye ilizwe onencwadana yalo yokundwendwela.
Ungasifaka isicelo nakwigqwetha okanye umthunywa waseMzantsi Afrika onamandla okukusebenzela njengegqwetha.
sisibonelelo esiluqilima somsebenzi incwadi esuka kulowo uza kukuqesha exela usuku esi sithuba esivele ngalo, sasasazwa njani yaye kutheni kunyanzeleke ukuba kude kuqeshwe umntu ongengommi woMzantsi Afrika.
Intlawulo yesicelo semvume yokuphangela ngasinye imalunga ne-US$186 yaye njengesiqhelo ithatha iiveki ezisibhozo ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini. Izicelo zabasebenzi abangundoqo zona zithatha malunga neeveki ezimbini.
Xa isicelo sakho sele sigqityiwe, impendulo ithunyelwa ngefeksi kubameli boMzantsi Afrika kwilizwe ofake isicelo ukulo.
Kufuneka kuqala ufake isicelo sokwamkelwa njengomfundi kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo ofuna ukufunda kulo. Xa ufumana incwadi ethi usathathiwe, ungafaka isicelo semvume yokufunda.
Kufuneka uye kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika ufake isicelo sale mvume. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-B1-159.
YIncwadi engqina ukuba usathathiwe njengomfundi esuka kwiziko lemfundo ofuna ukufunda kulo.
Ziinkcukacha ngamalungiselelo endawo oza kuhlala kuyo.
Bubungqina bokuba ungazihlawula iindleko zemfundo nokuhlala kwakho ze nawe ube nako ukuzixhasa.
Isifungo esibhaliweyo sokuba uya kubuyela kwilizwe ohlala kulo okanye lakokwenu xa uzigqibile izifundo zakho.
Ingxelo kagqirha wakho eqinisekisa ukuba usempilweni.
Ukuba isicelo sakho siyaphumelela, uya kunikwa isiqinisekiso sokundwendwela amaxesha amaninzi.
Sinokuthatha ukuya kwiiveki ezisibhozo ukuba siphunyezwe. Awunakho ukungena eMzantsi Afrika de ube uyinikiwe le mvume.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11532.17757.17757.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala kunye namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala abanakutshata ngaphandle kwemvume yabucala yaye nabani na ongaphantsi kwama-21eminyaka ubudala unokufumana imvume yabazali bakhe phambi kokuba abe uyatshata.
Umtshato owenziwe ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo unokwenziwa ungasebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokuthathwa njengongazange ubekho yiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
Abazali okanye umntu ojonge omnye wabatshatayo unokufaka isicelo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo esithi umtshato lo mawuthathwe njengongekhoyo.
Kwiiveki ezintandathu zokuqala evile ngobukho balo mtshato.
Umntwana naye unokufaka isicelo kule nkundla esithi umtshato mawuthathwe njengongasebenziyo nanini na phambi kokuba abe unama-21 eminyaka ubudala, okanye kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala emva kokuba ebe nama-21 eminyaka ubudala.
Kwimeko apho bobabini abazali besaphila yaye akukho unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, bobabini abazali kufuneka bawuvumele lo mtshato, ngokubhala phantsi, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umntwana lo ngozalwe ngaphandle komtshato, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi esuka kunina kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba omnye wabazali unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi yaloo mzali kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umzali omvume ifuneka ngokwasemthethweni akafumaneki ukuza kunika imvume leyo, okanye umthetho awumboni enakho ukukwenza oko, ungafaka isicelo kumkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana ukuba awuvumele lo mtshato.
Xa abazali bomntwana no-/okanye umkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana bayala ukunikezela ngemvume, umntwana lowo unokufaka isicelo kwiJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo ukuba inikezele ngemvume. Ijaji le ayinakho ukunikezela ngemvume ngaphandle kokuba kukho ubungqina obaneleyo bokuba umtshato lo ujongene neemfuno zomntwana futhi akanikwanga mvume kungekho zizathu zibambekayo.
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 leminyaka ubudala bafumana imvume yabazali babo ebhalwe phantsi ukuze batshate, ngendlela enye nabanye abantwana abangeqondweni lakutshata. Kusafuneka futhi befumene imvume yoMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya.
Usenokusifaka isicelo kuMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ukuba athathe umtshato osele wenzekile njengokhoyo nosebenzayo. Unako futhi nokufaka isicelo kuMphatthiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11532.17757.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala kunye namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala abanakutshata ngaphandle kwemvume yabucala yaye nabani na ongaphantsi kwama-21eminyaka ubudala unokufumana imvume yabazali bakhe phambi kokuba abe uyatshata.
Umtshato owenziwe ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo unokwenziwa ungasebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokuthathwa njengongazange ubekho yiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
Abazali okanye umntu ojonge omnye wabatshatayo unokufaka isicelo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo esithi umtshato lo mawuthathwe njengongekhoyo.
Kwiiveki ezintandathu zokuqala evile ngobukho balo mtshato.
Umntwana naye unokufaka isicelo kule nkundla esithi umtshato mawuthathwe njengongasebenziyo nanini na phambi kokuba abe unama-21 eminyaka ubudala, okanye kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala emva kokuba ebe nama-21 eminyaka ubudala.
Kwimeko apho bobabini abazali besaphila yaye akukho unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, bobabini abazali kufuneka bawuvumele lo mtshato, ngokubhala phantsi, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umntwana lo ngozalwe ngaphandle komtshato, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi esuka kunina kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba omnye wabazali unikwe igunya lokugcina nokukhulisa umntwana yedwa, yimvume ebhalwe phantsi yaloo mzali kuphela efunekayo, kwiphetshana lesicelo u-BI-32.
Ukuba umzali omvume ifuneka ngokwasemthethweni akafumaneki ukuza kunika imvume leyo, okanye umthetho awumboni enakho ukukwenza oko, ungafaka isicelo kumkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana ukuba awuvumele lo mtshato.
Xa abazali bomntwana no-/okanye umkomishinala wentlalo-ntle yabantwana bayala ukunikezela ngemvume, umntwana lowo unokufaka isicelo kwiJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo ukuba inikezele ngemvume. Ijaji le ayinakho ukunikezela ngemvume ngaphandle kokuba kukho ubungqina obaneleyo bokuba umtshato lo ujongene neemfuno zomntwana futhi akanikwanga mvume kungekho zizathu zibambekayo.
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 leminyaka ubudala bafumana imvume yabazali babo ebhalwe phantsi ukuze batshate, ngendlela enye nabanye abantwana abangeqondweni lakutshata. Kusafuneka futhi befumene imvume yoMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya.
Usenokusifaka isicelo kuMphathiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ukuba athathe umtshato osele wenzekile njengokhoyo nosebenzayo. Unako futhi nokufaka isicelo kuMphatthiswa Wemicimbi yezeKhaya ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11532.17761.17761.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izibini ezitshatileyo zingawuphelisa umtshato ngokuthi ziwuqhawule. Oku kuphelisa umtshato yaye abantu abaqhawule banokutshata kwakhona ngokusemthethweni.
Inkqubo yokuqhawulwa komtshato iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni umtshato lo ngowaseburhulumenteni okanye ngosekelwe kumasiko nesithethe na. Imitshato yaseburhulumenteni iqhawulwa ngokwemithetho neenkqubo ezibekiweyo kuMthetho Wokuqhawulwa Komtshato. Imitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezithethe zase-Afrika iqhawulwa ngokomtheetho waseburhulumenteni kodwa ezinye zeziphumo zigqitywa lisiko nesithethe esilawulayo. Imitshato yamaMuslim neyamaHindu iqhawulwa ngokwamasiko nezithethe zeenkolo lezo.
Phambi kokuba inkundla iqhawule umtshato, kufuneka kugqitywe ekubeni ngubani oza kugcina ajongane nabantwana. Abazali banokwenza isivumelwano okanye inkundla inokuthatha isigqibo.
Eyona ngqwalasela ibaluleke kakhulu ekuthathweni kwesigqibo sokugcinwa kwabantwana ziimfuno ezingundoqo zabantwana.
Igqwetha Leentsapho enkundleni linokunceda ekuphandweni kokuba ngowuphi oyena mzali ukwimo ekulungeleyo ukujongana akhulise futhi amele abantwana enkundleni xa kunyanzelekile.
Ukuba ukupheliswa komtshato kuthatha ixesha elide, umzekelo, ukuba kunzima ukufikelela kwisivumelwano kwesi sibini ngalo mba, umyalelo wexeshana wokugcinwa kwabantwana uya kukhutshwa uxela ukuba ngubani oza kube ejongana nabantwana ngelixa ukuqhawulwa komtshato kusagqityezelwa.
Kwimitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezitheethe zase-Afrika, ezama-Muslim kunye nezama-Hindu, inkosikazi ngokwesiqhelo igcina ze ikhulise abantwana. Ngokomthetho osekelwe kumasiko nezithethe zase-Afrika, uyise wabantwana uqhele ukushiyeka njengomzali wendalo wabantwana bakhe. Abantwana bemitshato yama-Hindu neyama-Muslim bathathwa njengemigqakhwe, ngoko ke nonina wabo uthathwa njengomzali wabo wendalo. Kuzo zonke iimeko, uyise wabantwana usephantsi kwesibophelelo sokuhoyana nabantwana bakhe.
Umzali ongalinikwayo igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana njengesiqhelo useza kufuna ukuqhubekeka ebabona abantwana bakhe. Kungoko kufuneka kufikelelwe kwisivumelwano sokuba lo mzali unokulifumana nini, phi nanjani ixesha lokufikelela kubantwana bakhe.
Ukuba amalungelo okufikelela komzali ongalinikwanga igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana ayikokujongana neemfuno ezingundoqo zabantwana, inkundla ingakuvimba ukufikeleleka kwabo bantwana.
Xa isibini saphule umtshato, omnye uqhele ukuba kwimo engcono ngezimali kunomnye. Umntu onikwe igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana uza kuba neenkcitho omnye angenazo. Inkundla iya kukhupha umyalelo wenkxaso-mali efuna inkxaso-mali ukuba ihlawulelwe abantwana yaye, ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko, mhlawumbi kuhlawulelwe nomzali lo ufumene abantwana.
Imali-nkxaso yabantwana ihlawulwa kumzali onikwe igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana (kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba eli lilungelo lomntwana hayi elomzali). Bonke abazali banesibophelelo sokunika inkxaso kubantwana babo, kuquka imigqakhwe.
Indaba yokuba omnye waba bazali kuza kufuneka ahlawule imali-nkxaso okanye axhase owayesakuba ngumlingane wakhe ixhomeke kwiimeko ezikhoyo. Ukuba esi sibini asikwazi kufikelela kwisivumelwano sokuba omnye ahlawule imali engakanani, inkundla iya kuthatha isigqibo.
Indlela impahla yosapho eza kwabiwa ngayo ixhomekeke kwisivumelwano sesi sibini ngempahla esenziwa phambi kokuba batshate. Oku ngesiqhelo kuvezwa sisivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato, ukuba sikho, ukuba akuzange kwenziwe sivumelwano phambi komtshato, umthetho uza kuthatha isigqibo.
Isigqibo esiza nomthetho ngenxa yokusilela kwabatshati ekwenzeni izigqibo ngempahla yabo sithi umtshato waseburhulumenteni uthi 'eyam yeyakho kuquka nazo zonke izinto ezangezeleke emtshatweni'. Oku kuthetha ukuba yonke eninayo iyabiwa, oko kuquka impahla namatyala. Ukongezeleka oku kuthetha ukuba konke okuzuza okanye ukuthenge emva kokuba utshatile kuba kokwenu yaye kuza kwahlulwa ekupheleni komtshato.
Ukuba umtshato uyaqhawulwa, impahla yosapho yabiwa ngokulingana phakathi. Nawaphi na amatyala ayabiwa.
Ukuba umtshato uthi eyam yeyam ngaphandle kwezongezeleko, oko kuthetha ukuba umntu ngamnye ugcina impahla yakhe yangaphambi komtshato ze agcine konke abakuzuza okanye bakufumane emtshatweni.
Ukuba umtshato uthi eyam yeyam nezongezeleko oko kuthetha ukuba umntu ngamnye ugcina impahla yakhe yangaphambi komtshato kodwa konke okongezeleke emtshatweni iyabiwa. Ezinye izinto, ezifana namafa neziphiwo zishiyeka zahlukile.
Isigqibo sokwahlulwa kwempahla ngenxa yokusilela kwabebetshatile ekwenzeni isigqibo ngempahla yabo phambi komtshato sitshintshile kubantu abohlukileyo ngamaxesha ahlukileyo. Imithetho eyayilawula xa nanitshata iza kuba yiyo egqiba ngobume bempahla yenu wakuqhawulwa umtshato.
Umtshato waseburhulumenteni kufuneka upheliswe yinkundla.
Ukuqhawulwa komtshato wenu kungaphunyezwa kuphela xa ubonisa inkundla ukuba kwenzeke "umonakalo ongenakulungiseka" kumtshato lowo okanye omnye wabalingane ugula ngengqondo okanye unamaxesha angabikho zingqondweni.
Umonakalo ongenakulungiseka uthetha ukuba isibini eso asinakukwazi ukuphinda sihlale kunye yaye akukho sithuba sicacayo sokuba bangaze bayoyise iyantlukwano yabo.
Isibini esi sikhe asahlala kunye okwexeshana.
Unokuwuqhawula umtshato ukuba umlingane wakho ebekhe Wafakwa kwiziko lonyango ngenxa yokugula ngengqondo iminyaka emibini ubuncinci yaye oogqirha abacingi ukuba angabuye aphile kwakhona.
Unokuwuqhawula umtshato ukuba ibikhe ayabikho zingqondweni iinyanga ezintandathu ubuncinci yaye oogqirha abanalo ithemba lokuba angabuye aphile.
Ngokuba ngubani oza kufumana igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana.
Umzali ongalinikwanga igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana uza kufikelela njani ebantwaneni abo.
Ngubani oza kufumana imali-nkxaso, izakuba ngakanani yaye ihlawulwe njani, phi.
Impahla yenu iza kwabiwa njani.
Ukuba wena nomlingane wakho ningafikelela kwisivumelwano ngoku kungentla phambi kokuba ukhutshwe umyalelo wokuvela enkundleni, oku kuyakwenza inkqubo le ibe yekhawulezayo nelula. Ukuba nifikelela kwisivumelwano, kufuneka nikubhale phantsi ze nikutyikitye oku. Iphepha elinemvume kufuneka lincanyathiselwe kumyalelo wokuvela enkundleni ngomba wokuqhawulwa komtshato.
Usuku lokumanyelwa luza kubekwa. Kolu mamelo, ijaji iza kubuza imibuzo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha ezikulo myalelo. Emva kokuba yonke into ilungile, umyalelo wokuqhawulwa komtshato uya kukhutshwa.
Ukuba usebenzisa iNkundla Yezeentsapho endaweni yeNkundla Ephakamileyo, ukuqhawulwa komtshato wakho kungaphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza yaye kubize imali encinci.
Imitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezithethe iyafana nemitshato yaseburhulumenteni kwindawo yokuba inkundla kufuneka ikhuphe umyalelo wokuqhawulwa komtshato yaye ukuqhawulwa komtshato kunokuphunyezwa kuphela imiqathango yokwaphulwa komtshato iyafikelelwa sisibini eso (oko kukuthi umonakalo ongenakulungiseka, ukugula ngengqondo okanye ukungabikho zingqondweni izihlandlo ezininzi).
Isibini esi singagqiba ngemiqathango yokuqhawulwa komtshato ze ijaji ikhuphe imiyalelo ehambisana nokunikezelwa kwegunya lokugcinwa kukhuliswe abantwana kunye nemali-nkxaso. Ukuba inkundla kufuneka ithathe isigqibo ngale miba iya kuthathela ingqalelo nawaphi na amalungiselelo anokuba enziwa ngokomthetho wamasiko nezithethe.
Usapho lwakulomfazi kunokufuneka lubuyisele yonke okanye isixa esithile selobola kusapho lomyeni, ngaphandle kokuba umyeni uyilahle esidlangalaleni inkosikazi yakhe ngaphandle kwesizathu konke-konke.
Ukuba indoda nomfazi babetshatiswe yinkokheli yama-Muslim ngokwenkolo yama-Muslim okanye umpristi kwinkolo yama-Hindu, abatshatanga ngokomthetho waseburhulumenteni. Banakho ukuwuqhawula umtshato wabo bengakhange badibana nenkudla kodwa kufuneka belandele imithetho yenkolo yabo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11532.17761.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izibini ezitshatileyo zingawuphelisa umtshato ngokuthi ziwuqhawule. Oku kuphelisa umtshato yaye abantu abaqhawule banokutshata kwakhona ngokusemthethweni.
Inkqubo yokuqhawulwa komtshato iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni umtshato lo ngowaseburhulumenteni okanye ngosekelwe kumasiko nesithethe na. Imitshato yaseburhulumenteni iqhawulwa ngokwemithetho neenkqubo ezibekiweyo kuMthetho Wokuqhawulwa Komtshato. Imitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezithethe zase-Afrika iqhawulwa ngokomtheetho waseburhulumenteni kodwa ezinye zeziphumo zigqitywa lisiko nesithethe esilawulayo. Imitshato yamaMuslim neyamaHindu iqhawulwa ngokwamasiko nezithethe zeenkolo lezo.
Phambi kokuba inkundla iqhawule umtshato, kufuneka kugqitywe ekubeni ngubani oza kugcina ajongane nabantwana. Abazali banokwenza isivumelwano okanye inkundla inokuthatha isigqibo.
Eyona ngqwalasela ibaluleke kakhulu ekuthathweni kwesigqibo sokugcinwa kwabantwana ziimfuno ezingundoqo zabantwana.
Igqwetha Leentsapho enkundleni linokunceda ekuphandweni kokuba ngowuphi oyena mzali ukwimo ekulungeleyo ukujongana akhulise futhi amele abantwana enkundleni xa kunyanzelekile.
Ukuba ukupheliswa komtshato kuthatha ixesha elide, umzekelo, ukuba kunzima ukufikelela kwisivumelwano kwesi sibini ngalo mba, umyalelo wexeshana wokugcinwa kwabantwana uya kukhutshwa uxela ukuba ngubani oza kube ejongana nabantwana ngelixa ukuqhawulwa komtshato kusagqityezelwa.
Kwimitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezitheethe zase-Afrika, ezama-Muslim kunye nezama-Hindu, inkosikazi ngokwesiqhelo igcina ze ikhulise abantwana. Ngokomthetho osekelwe kumasiko nezithethe zase-Afrika, uyise wabantwana uqhele ukushiyeka njengomzali wendalo wabantwana bakhe. Abantwana bemitshato yama-Hindu neyama-Muslim bathathwa njengemigqakhwe, ngoko ke nonina wabo uthathwa njengomzali wabo wendalo. Kuzo zonke iimeko, uyise wabantwana usephantsi kwesibophelelo sokuhoyana nabantwana bakhe.
Umzali ongalinikwayo igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana njengesiqhelo useza kufuna ukuqhubekeka ebabona abantwana bakhe. Kungoko kufuneka kufikelelwe kwisivumelwano sokuba lo mzali unokulifumana nini, phi nanjani ixesha lokufikelela kubantwana bakhe.
Ukuba amalungelo okufikelela komzali ongalinikwanga igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana ayikokujongana neemfuno ezingundoqo zabantwana, inkundla ingakuvimba ukufikeleleka kwabo bantwana.
Xa isibini saphule umtshato, omnye uqhele ukuba kwimo engcono ngezimali kunomnye. Umntu onikwe igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana uza kuba neenkcitho omnye angenazo. Inkundla iya kukhupha umyalelo wenkxaso-mali efuna inkxaso-mali ukuba ihlawulelwe abantwana yaye, ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko, mhlawumbi kuhlawulelwe nomzali lo ufumene abantwana.
Imali-nkxaso yabantwana ihlawulwa kumzali onikwe igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana (kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba eli lilungelo lomntwana hayi elomzali). Bonke abazali banesibophelelo sokunika inkxaso kubantwana babo, kuquka imigqakhwe.
Indaba yokuba omnye waba bazali kuza kufuneka ahlawule imali-nkxaso okanye axhase owayesakuba ngumlingane wakhe ixhomeke kwiimeko ezikhoyo. Ukuba esi sibini asikwazi kufikelela kwisivumelwano sokuba omnye ahlawule imali engakanani, inkundla iya kuthatha isigqibo.
Indlela impahla yosapho eza kwabiwa ngayo ixhomekeke kwisivumelwano sesi sibini ngempahla esenziwa phambi kokuba batshate. Oku ngesiqhelo kuvezwa sisivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato, ukuba sikho, ukuba akuzange kwenziwe sivumelwano phambi komtshato, umthetho uza kuthatha isigqibo.
Isigqibo esiza nomthetho ngenxa yokusilela kwabatshati ekwenzeni izigqibo ngempahla yabo sithi umtshato waseburhulumenteni uthi 'eyam yeyakho kuquka nazo zonke izinto ezangezeleke emtshatweni'. Oku kuthetha ukuba yonke eninayo iyabiwa, oko kuquka impahla namatyala. Ukongezeleka oku kuthetha ukuba konke okuzuza okanye ukuthenge emva kokuba utshatile kuba kokwenu yaye kuza kwahlulwa ekupheleni komtshato.
Ukuba umtshato uyaqhawulwa, impahla yosapho yabiwa ngokulingana phakathi. Nawaphi na amatyala ayabiwa.
Ukuba umtshato uthi eyam yeyam ngaphandle kwezongezeleko, oko kuthetha ukuba umntu ngamnye ugcina impahla yakhe yangaphambi komtshato ze agcine konke abakuzuza okanye bakufumane emtshatweni.
Ukuba umtshato uthi eyam yeyam nezongezeleko oko kuthetha ukuba umntu ngamnye ugcina impahla yakhe yangaphambi komtshato kodwa konke okongezeleke emtshatweni iyabiwa. Ezinye izinto, ezifana namafa neziphiwo zishiyeka zahlukile.
Isigqibo sokwahlulwa kwempahla ngenxa yokusilela kwabebetshatile ekwenzeni isigqibo ngempahla yabo phambi komtshato sitshintshile kubantu abohlukileyo ngamaxesha ahlukileyo. Imithetho eyayilawula xa nanitshata iza kuba yiyo egqiba ngobume bempahla yenu wakuqhawulwa umtshato.
Umtshato waseburhulumenteni kufuneka upheliswe yinkundla.
Ukuqhawulwa komtshato wenu kungaphunyezwa kuphela xa ubonisa inkundla ukuba kwenzeke "umonakalo ongenakulungiseka" kumtshato lowo okanye omnye wabalingane ugula ngengqondo okanye unamaxesha angabikho zingqondweni.
Umonakalo ongenakulungiseka uthetha ukuba isibini eso asinakukwazi ukuphinda sihlale kunye yaye akukho sithuba sicacayo sokuba bangaze bayoyise iyantlukwano yabo.
Isibini esi sikhe asahlala kunye okwexeshana.
Unokuwuqhawula umtshato ukuba umlingane wakho ebekhe Wafakwa kwiziko lonyango ngenxa yokugula ngengqondo iminyaka emibini ubuncinci yaye oogqirha abacingi ukuba angabuye aphile kwakhona.
Unokuwuqhawula umtshato ukuba ibikhe ayabikho zingqondweni iinyanga ezintandathu ubuncinci yaye oogqirha abanalo ithemba lokuba angabuye aphile.
Ngokuba ngubani oza kufumana igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana.
Umzali ongalinikwanga igunya lokugcina akhulise abantwana uza kufikelela njani ebantwaneni abo.
Ngubani oza kufumana imali-nkxaso, izakuba ngakanani yaye ihlawulwe njani, phi.
Impahla yenu iza kwabiwa njani.
Ukuba wena nomlingane wakho ningafikelela kwisivumelwano ngoku kungentla phambi kokuba ukhutshwe umyalelo wokuvela enkundleni, oku kuyakwenza inkqubo le ibe yekhawulezayo nelula. Ukuba nifikelela kwisivumelwano, kufuneka nikubhale phantsi ze nikutyikitye oku. Iphepha elinemvume kufuneka lincanyathiselwe kumyalelo wokuvela enkundleni ngomba wokuqhawulwa komtshato.
Usuku lokumanyelwa luza kubekwa. Kolu mamelo, ijaji iza kubuza imibuzo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcukacha ezikulo myalelo. Emva kokuba yonke into ilungile, umyalelo wokuqhawulwa komtshato uya kukhutshwa.
Ukuba usebenzisa iNkundla Yezeentsapho endaweni yeNkundla Ephakamileyo, ukuqhawulwa komtshato wakho kungaphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza yaye kubize imali encinci.
Imitshato esekelwe kumasiko nezithethe iyafana nemitshato yaseburhulumenteni kwindawo yokuba inkundla kufuneka ikhuphe umyalelo wokuqhawulwa komtshato yaye ukuqhawulwa komtshato kunokuphunyezwa kuphela imiqathango yokwaphulwa komtshato iyafikelelwa sisibini eso (oko kukuthi umonakalo ongenakulungiseka, ukugula ngengqondo okanye ukungabikho zingqondweni izihlandlo ezininzi).
Isibini esi singagqiba ngemiqathango yokuqhawulwa komtshato ze ijaji ikhuphe imiyalelo ehambisana nokunikezelwa kwegunya lokugcinwa kukhuliswe abantwana kunye nemali-nkxaso. Ukuba inkundla kufuneka ithathe isigqibo ngale miba iya kuthathela ingqalelo nawaphi na amalungiselelo anokuba enziwa ngokomthetho wamasiko nezithethe.
Usapho lwakulomfazi kunokufuneka lubuyisele yonke okanye isixa esithile selobola kusapho lomyeni, ngaphandle kokuba umyeni uyilahle esidlangalaleni inkosikazi yakhe ngaphandle kwesizathu konke-konke.
Ukuba indoda nomfazi babetshatiswe yinkokheli yama-Muslim ngokwenkolo yama-Muslim okanye umpristi kwinkolo yama-Hindu, abatshatanga ngokomthetho waseburhulumenteni. Banakho ukuwuqhawula umtshato wabo bengakhange badibana nenkudla kodwa kufuneka belandele imithetho yenkolo yabo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11532.83353.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya laphehlelela ngokusesikweni inkonzo yekhompyutha yokuqinisekiswa kobume bomtshato njengengxenyeyePhulo Lokuqinisekisa Ubume Bakho Bomtshato elaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeThupha.
Le nkonzo ivulelwe ukunceda ekuthinteleni nasekuvezeni iimeko apho abemi boMzantsi Afrika batshatiswa bengazi kubemi bamanye amazwe. Amaqabane la asuka kumanye amazwe asebenzisa umtshato ukuze afumane amaphepha-mvume okuhlala nawokusebenza apha eMzantsi Afrika. Ngomhla weshumi elinesibhozo kwinyanga yeThupha ku-2004, eli Phulo belisele liveze imitshato yobuqhophololo engamakhulu amabini eMzantsi Afrika.
Eli Sebe lithembise ukuwarhoxisa angasebenzi amaphepha-mvume okuhlala, awokusebenza kwanawokuba ngabemi abantu abazuze lutho kwimitshato yobuqhophololo.
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika, ungazikhangela ukuba utshatile okanye akutshatanga na ngokuthi utyelele iwebsite yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ze ufake nenombolo yencwadana yakho yesazisi.
Usenakho kanti nokutyelela iofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ze uzikhangele okanye ke utsalele iSebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya kule nombolo ingahlawulelwayo: 0800 10 1994 ngamaxesha okusebenza (oko ke kukuthi ukusukela ngomkhono emva kwentsimbi yesixhenxe ekuseni kuye kuma ngomkhono phambi kweyesine malanga).
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11533.17467.17467.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba inkundla iyalele umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana, kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungahlawuli.
Uye kwi-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukhalaze. Kubalulekile ukuba wenze isikhalazo esisesikweni ngalo lonke ixesha uyise womntwana engahlawuli.
I-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana iyazigcina iinkcukacha zazo zonke iintlawulo azenzayo uyise womntwana. Ezi nkcukacha ziya kubonisa xa engahlawuli nokuba usemva ngamalini na.
Ukuba uyise womntwana uyaphangela ze angaphumeleli ukwenza intlawulo yesondlo somntwana, unina womntwana kufuneka acele inkundla yenze umyalelo wokufumana le ntlawulo isuka ngqo kumqeshi kayise womntwana.
Ukuba uyise womntwana nangoku akahlawuli, akawuthobeli umyalelo wenkundla. Oku kululwaphulo-mthetho. Inkundla iya kuthumela uyise isaziso esimcela ukuba eze enkundleni ngosuku oluthile. Kuya kufuneka ke achaze ukuba kutheni engakwazanga kuhlawula. Ukuba akanasizathu sibambekayo, inkundla ke ngokwesiqhelo iya kumxelela ukuba makahlawule yonke imali asemva ngayo, okanye uya kuthunyelwa ejele.
Kukho abantu ababizwa ngokuba ngabaphandi benkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abaya kunceda igosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukuba lifumane uyise womntwana ukuba uthe waduka.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana negosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana kwiNkundla kaMantyi ekufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11536.17419.17419.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa usweleka, izinto zakho zabelwa usapho lwakho okanye abantu ofuna bafumane ilifa lakho.
Ilifa lakho liquka impahla yakho nezinye izibango, nayo nayiphi na imali okanye impahla oyityalayo.
Umntu ofumana impahla yakho uxhomekeke ekubeni unaso na isivumelwano esiphilayo esimnika ilifa okanye hayi. Ukuba unaso isivumelwano esiphilayo esinikezela ngelifa, impahla yakho iya kwabiwa ngokwentando yakho. Ukuba usweleke ungasenzanga esi sivumelwano selifa (kuthiwe ke u-intestate) impahla yakho iya kwabiwa usapho lwakho olusondele kuwe oku kusenziwa ngokuthobela imithetho elawula ukwabiwa kwempahla yabantu abangenzanga zivumelwano zakunikezela ngelifa.
Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwe-16, ungasenza isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa ngokuxela umntu ofuna iye kuye impahla wakusweleka. Ukuze sisebenze isivumelwano sakho sokunikezela ngelifa kufuneka senziwe ngendlela eyiyo yaye kufuneka ube uphile qete ngokwasengqondweni xa usenza esi sivumelwano. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ube uyazazi iziphumo zokwenza isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa, ube ukwimeko yengqondo ekulungeleyo oko futhi uyikhumbule yonke into onayo.
Isivumelwano esi sibhalwe phantsi.
Uwaqale ngokwakho onke amaphepha futhi watyikitya kwiphepha lokugqibela, phambi kwamangqina.
Amangqina awaqalile onke amaphepha ze asityikitya isivumelwano eso.
Umgwebi lo ngumntu oza kuqinisekisa ukuba impahla yakho yabiwa ngokwentando yakho, njengokuba sisitsho isivumelwano esinikezela ngelifa. Ukuba awumkhethi umgwebi, inkundla iza kuqesha mntu wumbi, ngokwesiqhelo lo mgwebi iba ngomnye wamalungu osapho lwakho. Umgwebi lo ukwahlawula namatyala akho ashiyekileyo.
Ungalifumana igqwetha elinokukunceda wakhe isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa okanye ungafumana iphetshana lokwenza isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa kwivenkile yeencwadi.
Ukuba awunaso isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa esisebenzayo xa usweleka, impahla yakho yahlula-hlulwa ngokwemiqathango ebekiweyo kulo mthetho.
Impahla yomntu otshatileyo yabiwa ngokulingana ngumlingane kunye nabantwana.
Ukuba azikho izizalwane ngokwegazi oko kuthetha ukuba impahla inikezelwa kurhulumente.
Imithetho eyahlukeneyo isetyenziswa phantsi komthetho wamasiko kodwa kuphela xa oku kukhokelela kwimeko emngcatsha ngokupheleleyo umfazi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11536.17419.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa usweleka, izinto zakho zabelwa usapho lwakho okanye abantu ofuna bafumane ilifa lakho.
Ilifa lakho liquka impahla yakho nezinye izibango, nayo nayiphi na imali okanye impahla oyityalayo.
Umntu ofumana impahla yakho uxhomekeke ekubeni unaso na isivumelwano esiphilayo esimnika ilifa okanye hayi. Ukuba unaso isivumelwano esiphilayo esinikezela ngelifa, impahla yakho iya kwabiwa ngokwentando yakho. Ukuba usweleke ungasenzanga esi sivumelwano selifa (kuthiwe ke u-intestate) impahla yakho iya kwabiwa usapho lwakho olusondele kuwe oku kusenziwa ngokuthobela imithetho elawula ukwabiwa kwempahla yabantu abangenzanga zivumelwano zakunikezela ngelifa.
Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwe-16, ungasenza isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa ngokuxela umntu ofuna iye kuye impahla wakusweleka. Ukuze sisebenze isivumelwano sakho sokunikezela ngelifa kufuneka senziwe ngendlela eyiyo yaye kufuneka ube uphile qete ngokwasengqondweni xa usenza esi sivumelwano. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ube uyazazi iziphumo zokwenza isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa, ube ukwimeko yengqondo ekulungeleyo oko futhi uyikhumbule yonke into onayo.
Isivumelwano esi sibhalwe phantsi.
Abantu ababini abagqithileyo kwi-14 leminyaka bezelwe bayakungqina ukwenziwa kwesi sivumelwano (amangqina la awanakuba ngabanye babantu abazakuxhamla kweli lifa).
Uwaqale ngokwakho onke amaphepha futhi watyikitya kwiphepha lokugqibela, phambi kwamangqina.
Amangqina awaqalile onke amaphepha ze asityikitya isivumelwano eso.
hlula-hlula impahla yakho.
Umgwebi lo ngumntu oza kuqinisekisa ukuba impahla yakho yabiwa ngokwentando yakho, njengokuba sisitsho isivumelwano esinikezela ngelifa. Ukuba awumkhethi umgwebi, inkundla iza kuqesha mntu wumbi, ngokwesiqhelo lo mgwebi iba ngomnye wamalungu osapho lwakho. Umgwebi lo ukwahlawula namatyala akho ashiyekileyo.
Ungalifumana igqwetha elinokukunceda wakhe isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa okanye ungafumana iphetshana lokwenza isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa kwivenkile yeencwadi.
Ukuba awunaso isivumelwano sokunikezela ngelifa esisebenzayo xa usweleka, impahla yakho yahlula-hlulwa ngokwemiqathango ebekiweyo kulo mthetho.
Impahla yomntu otshatileyo yabiwa ngokulingana ngumlingane kunye nabantwana.
Ukuba azikho izizalwane ngokwegazi oko kuthetha ukuba impahla inikezelwa kurhulumente.
Imithetho eyahlukeneyo isetyenziswa phantsi komthetho wamasiko kodwa kuphela xa oku kukhokelela kwimeko emngcatsha ngokupheleleyo umfazi.
Ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe kwizivumelwano zokunikezela ngelifa nempahla yabantu abangasekhoyo, ndwendwela i-Department of Justice website.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11537.10197.10197.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngubani ojongana nezicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba?
Kufikelelwa njani kwizigqibo ngezicelo?
Oomaspala bethu banoxanduva lokujongana nezicelo zophuhliso, ezifana nezicelo zokuphuma kwimida yezakhiwo okanye izicelo zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili okanye zokwahlula-hlulwa komhlaba. Oomaspala bagqiba ekubeni kujongwane njani nezi zicelo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho, imigaqo-nkqubo kwanemikhomba-ndlela ephuma kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo Engqongileyo noPhuhliso loCwangciso. Ngamaxesha athile, umzekelo, kwizicelo ezinobunzima kakhulu zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili, oomspala baya kuthumela ezo zicelo kweli Sebe ukuze zingeniswe kuMphathiswa oyakuthi ke yena athathe isigqibo sokugqibela.
Eli Sebe liphicotha izicelo ezinento yokwenza nezolimo, oku likwenzela iSebe lesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, iSebe lesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni. Eli Sebe likwajongana nezicelo ezinento yokwenza nezimbiwa, oku likwenzela isebe lesizwe leZimbiwa naMandla, elesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, elesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni.
Phambi kokuba kufikelelwe kwisigqibo ngesicelo sophuhliso ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wesicwangciso sokusetyenziswa komhlaba, isicelo eso kufuneka kuqala sifakwe phantsi kweenkqubo apho uluntu lufaka khona igalelo luveze neembono futhi kumanye amaxesha, imvume yamaqumrhu awahlukeneyo karhulumente iyafuneka. Ukuba isicelo siwa phantsi kwenqanaba elithile lokuguqulwa komhlaba, sidla ngokuthunyelwa kweli Sebe.
Izicelo ziphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho iEnvironmental Conservation Act, ka- 1989 ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo ohlanganisiweyo wendalo engqongileyo nemiba yocwangciso iyajongwa. Eli Sebe liqinisekisa ukuba ezi zicelo zihlanganiswa nezinye ezikwafana nazo ezizezi: iingxelo zezimbiwa, izicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba kwanezicwangciso zezithuba nezezicwangciso-maqhinga.
Xa isicelo sophuhliso sele sinikwe ingqwalasela ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wendalo engqongileyo, isigunyaziso, iphepha-mvume okanye isigqibo - nayiphi na kwezi efanele ukukhutshwa - iyakhutshwa.
Isigqibo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wokusetyenziswa komhlaba sinokuthatyathwa kuphela emva kokuba isicelo eso sikhe saphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yomthetho ojongene nendalo engqongileyo.
Xa umaspala sele efikelele kwisigqibo, isibheno kweso sigqibo singafakwa kweli Sebe ukuze sinikezelwe kuMphathiswa.
Ukuba unombuzo ngesicelo sophuhliso osifakileyo, kufuneka uwuthumele kwicandelo ofake isicelo sakho kulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11537.10197.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngubani ojongana nezicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba?
Kufikelelwa njani kwizigqibo ngezicelo?
Oomaspala bethu banoxanduva lokujongana nezicelo zophuhliso, ezifana nezicelo zokuphuma kwimida yezakhiwo okanye izicelo zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili okanye zokwahlula-hlulwa komhlaba. Oomaspala bagqiba ekubeni kujongwane njani nezi zicelo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho, imigaqo-nkqubo kwanemikhomba-ndlela ephuma kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo Engqongileyo noPhuhliso loCwangciso. Ngamaxesha athile, umzekelo, kwizicelo ezinobunzima kakhulu zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezithili, oomspala baya kuthumela ezo zicelo kweli Sebe ukuze zingeniswe kuMphathiswa oyakuthi ke yena athathe isigqibo sokugqibela.
Eli Sebe liphicotha izicelo ezinento yokwenza nezolimo, oku likwenzela iSebe lesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, iSebe lesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni. Eli Sebe likwajongana nezicelo ezinento yokwenza nezimbiwa, oku likwenzela isebe lesizwe leZimbiwa naMandla, elesizwe nelephondo lezoLimo, elesizwe laManzi Namahlathi kunye neBhodi yoLondolozo lweNdalo yeNtshona Koloni.
Phambi kokuba kufikelelwe kwisigqibo ngesicelo sophuhliso ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wesicwangciso sokusetyenziswa komhlaba, isicelo eso kufuneka kuqala sifakwe phantsi kweenkqubo apho uluntu lufaka khona igalelo luveze neembono futhi kumanye amaxesha, imvume yamaqumrhu awahlukeneyo karhulumente iyafuneka. Ukuba isicelo siwa phantsi kwenqanaba elithile lokuguqulwa komhlaba, sidla ngokuthunyelwa kweli Sebe.
Izicelo ziphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho iEnvironmental Conservation Act, ka- 1989 ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo ohlanganisiweyo wendalo engqongileyo nemiba yocwangciso iyajongwa. Eli Sebe liqinisekisa ukuba ezi zicelo zihlanganiswa nezinye ezikwafana nazo ezizezi: iingxelo zezimbiwa, izicelo zophuhliso lomhlaba kwanezicwangciso zezithuba nezezicwangciso-maqhinga.
Xa isicelo sophuhliso sele sinikwe ingqwalasela ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wendalo engqongileyo, isigunyaziso, iphepha-mvume okanye isigqibo - nayiphi na kwezi efanele ukukhutshwa - iyakhutshwa.
Isigqibo ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wokusetyenziswa komhlaba sinokuthatyathwa kuphela emva kokuba isicelo eso sikhe saphicothwa ngokwemigaqo yomthetho ojongene nendalo engqongileyo.
Xa umaspala sele efikelele kwisigqibo, isibheno kweso sigqibo singafakwa kweli Sebe ukuze sinikezelwe kuMphathiswa.
Ukuba unombuzo ngesicelo sophuhliso osifakileyo, kufuneka uwuthumele kwicandelo ofake isicelo sakho kulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11538.5107.5107.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo Lezithuthi zikaRhulumente lijongene nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zikarhulumente ezingamawaka amane anekhulu elinamashumi amathandathu ananye eNtshona Koloni. Inombolo yomnxeba esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku yokunikezela ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezithuthi zikarhulumente sele ivuliwe yaye ukungasetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente kungaxelwa kuyo ukunceda ukunqanda ubuqhetseba, urhwaphilizo nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezibonelelo zikarhulumente.
Ungatsalela kule nombolo isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku: 021 467 4797 ze uxele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11538.5107.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Icandelo Lezithuthi zikaRhulumente lijongene nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zikarhulumente ezingamawaka amane anekhulu elinamashumi amathandathu ananye eNtshona Koloni. Inombolo yomnxeba esebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku yokunikezela ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezithuthi zikarhulumente sele ivuliwe yaye ukungasetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente kungaxelwa kuyo ukunceda ukunqanda ubuqhetseba, urhwaphilizo nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezibonelelo zikarhulumente.
Ungatsalela kule nombolo isebenza iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngosuku: 021 467 4797 ze uxele ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwezithuthi zikarhulumente.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11542.10017.10017.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ukwandiswa kokuvuleleka kwezemidlalo kuluntu ukuphuculwa kwemigangatho yabadlali ukongezwa kwezixhobo zokudlala ukuncedisa iimbaleki kwiihambo zelizwe lethu nakwezamazwe ngamazwe ukudalwa kwamanye amathuba kwiimbaleki ezikhubazekileyo nokuqukwa kwazo kwimidlalo engundoqo ukunyuswa kwenani labantu bezemidlalo kwimidlalo esesikweni ukongezwa kwamazwe alawula imibutho yezemidlao neyezenkcubeko ebamba imidlalo kwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo ukuphuculwa kweenkqubo zomgangatho wophuhliso lwezemidlalo ezibanjwa ngamaqela alawula imibutho yezemidlalo.
iindawo zezemidlalo ukuze kuphuculwe umgangatho nokusetyenziswa kweendawo esele zikho ze kwakhiwe futhi kulungiswe esele zikho.
amaqela alawula imibutho yezemidlalo ukuze ancedise ekulawulweni kwawo kwakunye nolwazi lobugcisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imidlalo iyaqhubekeka kwel phondo.
Uncedo-mali olukuHlobo A olujoliswe kwiikliniki zophuhliso lwabaqeqeshi noonompempe kwakunye nolawulo lwezemidlalo.
Uncedo-mali olukuHlobo B oluxhasa imidlalo emikhulu yamazwe ngamazwe, eyezwe lethu kwakunye neyephondo.
Uncedo-mali olukuHlobo C olunikezelwa inkxaso yemidlalo yexeshana - la mangenelo kufuneka enziwe kwiphetshana lesicelo elenzelwe wona iintsuku ezingama-30 phambi kwemidlalo leyo, yaye ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo kuphela eziqwalaselwayo.
Amaphetshana ezicelo zoncedo-mali ayafumaneka kwiSebe.
iinkcukacha zabantu ezisebenza ngabo uluhlu lwemidlalo efakelwa isicelo esi ulwabiwo-mali lomsebenzi ngamnye incwadi yembalelwano enika inkcazo ngemfuneko yesi sicelo iincwadi zeemali eziphicothisisiweyo kwakunye nemizuzu yeNgqungquthela Yonyaka yoMbutho lowo. Zonke izicelo zivavanywa phantsi kwesisekelo somgaqo-nkqubo wokunikezela ngoncedo-mali weli Sebe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11575.17446.17446.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukunikezela umntwana ukuba akhuliswe ngabanye abazali yindlela esemthethweni yokuqhawula ikhonkco elihlanganisa abazali bemvelo nomntwana wabo.
Ukuba abazali bemvelo bomntwana basaphila, kufuneka bakuvumele bobabini oku kunikezelwa komntwana kubanye abazali.
Le mvume kufuneka ibe kanti yenziwa ngentando yalowo uvumayo yaye umntu ovumileyo akanakuvuzwa ngamali, zipho, okanye nangayo nayiphi na enye indlela. Kusenjalo, imvume yomzali ophazamisekileyo engqondweni, omlahlileyo okanye oye wamphatha kakubi umntwana wakhe, ayisosidingo.
Bobabini unina noyise womntwana kufuneka batyikitye iphetshana apho bavuma khona ukunikezela ngomntwana wabo kumntu okanye isibini esithile.
Ukuba abazali bemvelo abatshatanga, unina kufuneka kuqala afumane imvume kayise womntwana lowo. Kusenjalo, umelwe kukwenza oku kuphela ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakhe kwakungesosizathu sabundlobongela, yaye ukuba uyise uqinisekisa ngembalelwano ukuba yena unguyise womntwana futhi uzazisile yena, kanti nedilesi yakhe iyafumaneka.
Abazali bemvelo bangayirhoxisa imvume yabo ngeentsuku nje ezingamashumi amathandathu bevumile.
Ukuba umntwana lowo uneminyaka elishumi okanye ngaphezulu ubudala, naye kufuneka evumile kulo mba.
Xa umntwana sele enikezelwe kwabanye abazali njengomntwana wabo omtsha onke amalungelo namagunya phakathi komntwana nabazali bakhe bemvelo ayaphela. Inkqubo yokudluliselwa komntwana kwabanye abazali njengabazali bakhe abatsha ifikelela esiphelweni xa umyalelo wokudluliselwa kwakhe sele ukhutshiwe.
Ukudluliselwa komntwana kubazali abatsha yinto enzima yaye amaziko asebenza ngalo mba aya kunikezela ngeenkonzo zenkxaso ukuzama ukukunceda. Olu ncedo lunokuqiingcebiso nentuthuzelo kwanendawo yokuhlala.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe qhagamshelana ne-Ofisi Yesithili ekufutshane nawe yeSebe loPhuhliso Loluntu okanye iziko elisebenza ngokudluliselwa kwabantwana kubazali abatsha.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11575.17463.17463.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Bobabini abazali banoxanduva olusemthethweni lokuxhasa umntwana.
Umzali omnye angafaka isicelo kwiNkundla Yesondlo Sabantwana ukuba inyanzele omnye umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana babo. Ngokwesiqhelo umama uya kufaka isicelo sokuba kuyalelwe utata ukuba ahlawule.
Ukuba abantwana abahlali nonina okanye noyise, umntu obahoyileyo angafaka isicelo senkxaso-mali yesondlo esuka kubazali abo. Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana uhlala nabazali babazali bakhe, abo bazali bangafaka isicelo sokufumana inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana lowo kuyise nonina womntwana.
Xa sele kukho umyalelo wenkundla eyalela umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxasomali yesondlo somntwana, kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungahlawuli.
Kukho iiNkundla zabucala zeNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana kuyo yonke iNkundla kaMantyi. Kukho amagosa enkxaso-mali yesondlo asebenza kwezi nkundla ngokunceda abantu abafuna ukufaka izicelo zenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana. La magosa akwasebenza nangezicelo zokwandiswa okanye zokucuthwa kwenkxaso-mali yesondlo.
Le yinkqubo ende nenzima yaye isenokuthabatha ixesha elide.
uye kwi-Ofisi Yenkxaso-mali ye sondlo kwiNkundla Yenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana ekwingingqi yakho ukuya kufaka isicelo somyalelo wenkundla.
I-Ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana iya kuthumela incwadana enyanzelisa uyise womntwana ukuba eze kwi-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ngosuku oluthile.
Ngolo suku, wena noyise womntwana kufuneka niye kwi-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana ukuze nifikelele kwisigqibo sokuba uyise lo makabahlawulele malini na abantwana bakhe.
Igosa lenkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana liya kukunceda uze nezinto ekumele uzihlawule ngenyanga, isixa somvuzo wakho nesixa somvuzo kayise womntwana.
Ukuba uyise womntwana uthi yena akanguye tu uyise walo mntwana, kufuneka ucele inkundla iyalele ukwenziwa kovavanyo olungqina loo ndoda ngenene ayinguye uyise womntwana.
Ukuba uyavuma ukuba uyise wabantwana makabahlawulele isixa esithile abantwana bakhe, igosa lenkundla yenkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana liya kudinga ukuba nityikitye iphepha elibizwa ngokuba ngumyalelo wenkundla. Oku kuthi uyise womntwana kufuneka ahlawule isixa semali ekuvunyelwene ngaso ngeveki okanye ngenyanga.
Ukuba awuvumi, okanye ukuba akafiki kule ofisi ngolwa suku, igosa liya kuthi ityala maliye kwiNkundla Yenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana. Inkundla le ithumela imiyalezo kuwe noyise womntwana isithi yizani kule Nkundla ngosuku oluthile.
Umantyi uya kuphula-phula amabali abazali bobabini. Inkundla le iya kucela unina noyise womntwana ukuba babonise ukuba barhola malini na nokuba bahlawula malini na ngenyanga kwizinto ezifana nerente, umbane nokutya.
Umantyi uya kuthi athabathe isigqibo sokuba uyise wabantwana makabahlawulele malini na abantwana bakhe. Umantyi uya kwenza esi sixa sibe ngumyalelo wenkundla, ngembalelwano.
Uyise wabantwana kufuneka ahlawule isixa senkxaso yesondlo sabantwana ngeveki okanye ngenyanga kwi-ofisi yenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana. Uyise lo usenakho nokuyihlawula le mali kwi-account yebhanki kanina wabantwana. Oku kuya konga ixesha likamama lokuya kulanda le mali kule ofisi.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezizezinye qhagamshelana negosa lenkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana kwiNkundla kaMantyi ekufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11588.11112.11112.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loMlawuli oyiNtloko: uPhuhliso lwezoKhenketho lunohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwarhoqo ngonyaka ekuxhaseni ngemali iiprojekthi ezinceda ekukhuliseni ishishini lezokhenketho. Oku kukhula kungabonwa ngeendlela ezininzi ezohlukeneyo, umzekelo, ngokudaleka kwamathuba emisebenzi, uqeqesho okanye uphuhliso lwezibonelelo zomsebenzi. Imfanelo yokufumana inkxaso-mali incinci phantsi koluhlu lwezinto ezikhoyo, ezinjengeenkampani okanye ii-NGO zeCandelo 21, neziqwalasele iingingqi nezisekelwe kwimimandla yoluntu.
Ukuba unqwenela ukufumana ilungelo kule nkxaso-mali, kufuneka ufezekise inani le migaqo emisiweyo. Umzekelo, inkampani yakho kufuneka iqhubekeke kwaye kuya kufuneka ukuba igqithise ingxelo yonyaka.
uqeqesho uphuhliso lweendlela zokhenketho amaziko engcaciso okanye olwazi kubakhenkethi ukucetyiswa iimpawu uncwadi olunxulumene nophuhliso lwamashishini asakhulayo.
Inkxaso-mali ayifumaneki ekuhlawuleni iibhonasi okanye imivuzo, incedisa ekuqwalaseleni amaxabiso awenziwe yinto ekhoyo okanye inani lezinye izinto ezingezinye.
INcwadi yoMgaqo-nkqubo weNkxaso-mali inikeza lonke ulwazi olunxulumene nale ngxowa-mali ukuquka iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo zenkqubo yokwenziwa kwezicelo.
Izicelo kufuneka zenziwe kumaphetshana ezicelo achaziweyo nafumaneka kwiSebe (inombolo yomnxeba: 021 483 4165). Iikopi zala maphetshana nazo zikwafumaneka njengenxenye yeNcwadi yoMgaqo-nkqubo weNkxaso-mali.
Izicelo kunyaka ngamnye zivalwa ngomhla wama-31 kweyeKhala, uvavanyo lwenziwa ngenyanga yeThupha neyoMsintsi ze iminikelo yaziswe kweyeDwarha kwakulo nyaka mnye.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11594.20865.20865.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe.
Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana?
Sifakwa njani isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela lexeshana?
nencwadana yokundwendwela esebenzayo neyamkelekayo/iphetshana lokundwendwela elikuvumela ukuba uhlale kwelo lizwe ixesha ofuna ukulihlala iphepha-mvume lexeshana elisebenzayo, ukuba liyafunwa imali eyaneleyo itikiti lokubuya / lokuhamba isiqinisekiso sokugonyelwa icesina emthubi ukuba uhamba kwingingqi egqugqiswa yicesina emthubi okanye kuMzantsi Melika.
Abantu abangenazo iincwadana zokundwendwela zaseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka bafake izicelo zamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela exeshana. Oku kuquka abantu abafuna ukuza eMzantsi Afrika ukuza kutya ikhefu okanye abazele ushishino.
Okunye, iindwendwe ezisuka kumazwe athile nazo aziwadingi amaphepha-mvume phantsi kwemiqathango ethile.
Kufuneka uququzelele iphetshana elivumela ukundwendwela lexeshana phambi kokuba ufike eMzantsi Afrika. Awunako ukufaka isicelo sokungena ixeshana xa sele ukumazibuko okungena eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba kukho ummeli wozakuzo okanye wabameli-lizwe kwilizwe lakho, kufuneka ufake isicelo sakho semvume yexeshana yokundwendwela apho.
Khumbula ukuba awunakukwazi ukufaka isicelo sokundwendwela xa sele ungenile eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukungena kwakho kwizibuko lokungena eMzantsi Afrika, umzekelo, KwiSikhululo SeeNqwelo-moya Samazwe ngamazwe saseRhawutini, uya kunikwa imvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana, eyakube ithatha indawo yephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana futhi ibeke nexesha oza kulihlala kweli lizwe.
Le mvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana kufuneka igcinwe isebenza yaye isicelo sokwandiswa u-BI- 159 sinokufakwa nakweyiphi na I-ofisi yengingqi okanye yesithili yeSebe Lemicimbi YezeKhaya Emzantsi.
unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokundwendwela uhlawule intlawulo eyi-R425.00 okanye I-US$47 okanye I- e43 yephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana, ukuba iyafuneka, khangela kuluhlu lwamazwe amelwe kukuhlawula iintlawulo zamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela exeshana ubonise ukuba sele ulihlawulele itikiti lokundiza.
Ukuba sifakiwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendela okwexeshana ngezoshishino, kusafuneka ubonise incwadi yesimemo esuka kulo nkampani yaseMzantsi Afrika uze kuyindwendwela, kwakunye nencwadi esuka kwinkampani oyisebenzelayo.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha ngendlela yokufaka isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika okwexeshana, qhagamshelana nommeli wozakuzo kwakunye nowabameli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika okanye undwendwele I-website yeSebe LemiCimbi YezeKhaya elikufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11594.20865.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe.
Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana?
Sifakwa njani isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela lexeshana?
nencwadana yokundwendwela esebenzayo neyamkelekayo/iphetshana lokundwendwela elikuvumela ukuba uhlale kwelo lizwe ixesha ofuna ukulihlala iphepha-mvume lexeshana elisebenzayo, ukuba liyafunwa imali eyaneleyo itikiti lokubuya / lokuhamba isiqinisekiso sokugonyelwa icesina emthubi ukuba uhamba kwingingqi egqugqiswa yicesina emthubi okanye kuMzantsi Melika.
Abantu abangenazo iincwadana zokundwendwela zaseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka bafake izicelo zamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela exeshana. Oku kuquka abantu abafuna ukuza eMzantsi Afrika ukuza kutya ikhefu okanye abazele ushishino.
Okunye, iindwendwe ezisuka kumazwe athile nazo aziwadingi amaphepha-mvume phantsi kwemiqathango ethile.
Kufuneka uququzelele iphetshana elivumela ukundwendwela lexeshana phambi kokuba ufike eMzantsi Afrika. Awunako ukufaka isicelo sokungena ixeshana xa sele ukumazibuko okungena eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba kukho ummeli wozakuzo okanye wabameli-lizwe kwilizwe lakho, kufuneka ufake isicelo sakho semvume yexeshana yokundwendwela apho.
Khumbula ukuba awunakukwazi ukufaka isicelo sokundwendwela xa sele ungenile eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukungena kwakho kwizibuko lokungena eMzantsi Afrika, umzekelo, KwiSikhululo SeeNqwelo-moya Samazwe ngamazwe saseRhawutini, uya kunikwa imvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana, eyakube ithatha indawo yephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana futhi ibeke nexesha oza kulihlala kweli lizwe.
Le mvume yendawo yokuhlala yexeshana kufuneka igcinwe isebenza yaye isicelo sokwandiswa u-BI- 159 sinokufakwa nakweyiphi na I-ofisi yengingqi okanye yesithili yeSebe Lemicimbi YezeKhaya Emzantsi.
unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokundwendwela uhlawule intlawulo eyi-R425.00 okanye I-US$47 okanye I- e43 yephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana, ukuba iyafuneka, khangela kuluhlu lwamazwe amelwe kukuhlawula iintlawulo zamaphepha-mvume okundwendwela exeshana ubonise ukuba sele ulihlawulele itikiti lokundiza.
Ukuba sifakiwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendela okwexeshana ngezoshishino, kusafuneka ubonise incwadi yesimemo esuka kulo nkampani yaseMzantsi Afrika uze kuyindwendwela, kwakunye nencwadi esuka kwinkampani oyisebenzelayo.
Ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha ngendlela yokufaka isicelo sephepha-mvume lokundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika okwexeshana, qhagamshelana nommeli wozakuzo kwakunye nowabameli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika okanye undwendwele I-website yeSebe LemiCimbi YezeKhaya elikufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11594.20964.20964.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika yaye uhambela elinye ilizwe, kuza kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Iincwadana zokundwendwela zeendwendwe zinikezelwa kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphezu kwe-16 leminyaka ubudala.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwiSebe Lekhaya elilapha eMzantsi Afrika, okanye ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokutyelela unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho uhlawule intlawulo eyi-R165.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintandathu ukuba sigqitywe isicelo sakho ze kunikezelwe incwadana leyo yokundwendwela.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela iya kusebenza ixesha elilishumi leminyaka.
Le ncwadana inikezelwa kubantwana baseMzantsi Afrika abangaphantsi kwe -16 leminyaka bezelwe.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe LezeKhaya elapha eMzantsi Afrika, okanye ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, ulingenise kumzi wozakuzo wase Mzantsi Afrika okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokundwendwela unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R125.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintandathu ukuze isicelo sakho sigqitywe ze kunikezelwe nencwadana leyo yokundwendwela.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela isebenza iminyaka emihlanu.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela inikezelwa kumagosa oMzantsi Afrika ahambela imiba yemisebenzi karhulumente.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi yezeKhaya elapha eMzantsi Afrika okanye, ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, uyifake kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika okanye kubathunywa.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadana yokundwela emibini unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela isebenza ixesha eliyiminyaka emihlanu.
Eli phetshana linokunikezelwa kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abafuna ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza futhi kungekho xesha laneleyo lakufaka sicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela.
Ukuze ufake isicelo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezeKhaya elapha eMzantsi Afrika okanye, ukuba ungaphaya kwemida yeli, kumzi wozakuzo okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi sakho unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadana yokundwendwela emibini unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R76.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neveki enye ukuze isicelo sakho siphunyezwe ze nesiqinisekiso eso sikhutshwe.
Esi siqinisekiso sisebenza iinyanga ezintandathu yaye sinokukhutshelwa kuphela uhambo olunye.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela inikezelwa kubemi boMzantsi Afrika ekufuneka behambe ngokukhawuleza ngesizathu esibambekayo futhi abangenakho ukulinda iincwadana iziqhelekileyo zokundwendwela ukuba zikhutshwe.
Ukuze ufake isicelo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe lemicimcbi yeKhaya okanye, ukuba ungaphaya kwemida yeli, kuMzi Wozakuzo okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi sakho unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadana yokundwendwela emibini unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R96.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neveki enye ukuba isicelo sakho siphunyezwe ze nencwadana leyo yokundwendwela ikhutshwe.
Isiqinisekiso esi siyakusebenza iinyanga ezili-12.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba intlawulo eyi-R12 kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuze kuthunyelwe imigca yeminwe ngefeksi ukuba kufuneka ziqinisekiswe ngokukhawuleza.
Eli phepha linikezelwa kubantu abafumene isiqinisekiso sokuba ngabahlali abasisigxina eMzantsi Afrika abangenakufumana zimpepha zakuhamba kumazwe abo okuzalwa, umzekelo, iimbacu nabantu abangenambuso abahlala eMzantsi Afrika ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuze ufake isicelo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezeKhaya engaphakathi kwimida yeli, okanye, ukuba ungaphandle kwemida, ulifake kumzi wozakuzo okanye wabathunywa boMzantsi Afrika.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi sakho unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadi yokundwendwela unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R120.
Eli phetshana liya kusebenza iminyaka emihlanu.
Ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, ndwendwela I-website yeSebe LezeKhaya okanye uqhagamshelane ne-Ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe LezeKhaya.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11594.20964.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika yaye uhambela elinye ilizwe, kuza kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Iincwadana zokundwendwela zeendwendwe zinikezelwa kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphezu kwe-16 leminyaka ubudala.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwiSebe Lekhaya elilapha eMzantsi Afrika, okanye ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokutyelela unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho uhlawule intlawulo eyi-R165.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintandathu ukuba sigqitywe isicelo sakho ze kunikezelwe incwadana leyo yokundwendwela.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela iya kusebenza ixesha elilishumi leminyaka.
Le ncwadana inikezelwa kubantwana baseMzantsi Afrika abangaphantsi kwe -16 leminyaka bezelwe.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe LezeKhaya elapha eMzantsi Afrika, okanye ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, ulingenise kumzi wozakuzo wase Mzantsi Afrika okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho emibini yencwadana yokundwendwela unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R125.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintandathu ukuze isicelo sakho sigqitywe ze kunikezelwe nencwadana leyo yokundwendwela.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela isebenza iminyaka emihlanu.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela inikezelwa kumagosa oMzantsi Afrika ahambela imiba yemisebenzi karhulumente.
Ukuze ufake isicelo kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe Lemicimbi yezeKhaya elapha eMzantsi Afrika okanye, ukuba ungaphandle kwemida yeli, uyifake kumzi wozakuzo woMzantsi Afrika okanye kubathunywa.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadana yokundwela emibini unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela isebenza ixesha eliyiminyaka emihlanu.
Eli phetshana linokunikezelwa kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abafuna ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza futhi kungekho xesha laneleyo lakufaka sicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela.
Ukuze ufake isicelo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezeKhaya elapha eMzantsi Afrika okanye, ukuba ungaphaya kwemida yeli, kumzi wozakuzo okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi sakho unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadana yokundwendwela emibini unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R76.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neveki enye ukuze isicelo sakho siphunyezwe ze nesiqinisekiso eso sikhutshwe.
Esi siqinisekiso sisebenza iinyanga ezintandathu yaye sinokukhutshelwa kuphela uhambo olunye.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela inikezelwa kubemi boMzantsi Afrika ekufuneka behambe ngokukhawuleza ngesizathu esibambekayo futhi abangenakho ukulinda iincwadana iziqhelekileyo zokundwendwela ukuba zikhutshwe.
Ukuze ufake isicelo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe lemicimcbi yeKhaya okanye, ukuba ungaphaya kwemida yeli, kuMzi Wozakuzo okanye kubathunywa beli.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi sakho unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadana yokundwendwela emibini unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R96.
Kuya kuthatha malunga neveki enye ukuba isicelo sakho siphunyezwe ze nencwadana leyo yokundwendwela ikhutshwe.
Isiqinisekiso esi siyakusebenza iinyanga ezili-12.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba intlawulo eyi-R12 kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuze kuthunyelwe imigca yeminwe ngefeksi ukuba kufuneka ziqinisekiswe ngokukhawuleza.
Eli phepha linikezelwa kubantu abafumene isiqinisekiso sokuba ngabahlali abasisigxina eMzantsi Afrika abangenakufumana zimpepha zakuhamba kumazwe abo okuzalwa, umzekelo, iimbacu nabantu abangenambuso abahlala eMzantsi Afrika ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuze ufake isicelo, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-73 ze ulingenise kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezeKhaya engaphakathi kwimida yeli, okanye, ukuba ungaphandle kwemida, ulifake kumzi wozakuzo okanye wabathunywa boMzantsi Afrika.
ube nesiqinisekiso sesazisi sakho unikezele ngemifanekiso yakho yencwadi yokundwendwela unikezele ngemigca yeminwe yakho unikezele intlawulo eyi-R120.
Eli phetshana liya kusebenza iminyaka emihlanu.
Ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, ndwendwela I-website yeSebe LezeKhaya okanye uqhagamshelane ne-Ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe LezeKhaya.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11594.21106.21106.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zingakanani izibonelelo zokutshintshwa kwemali yamazwe ngamazwe?
Ibhanki enguVimba ilawula ijongane yonke imali eshiya ze ingene kweli lizwe. Ingxenye yale nkqubo yotshintsho kukuba xa usiya phesheya kweelwandle, ungatshintsha kuphela isixa esithile semali usenze sifane nemali yelo lizwe ulindwendwelayo.
Isibonelelo sokuhamba sonyaka ngamnye kubantu abakhulu nabantwana abangaphezu kwe-12 leminyaka ubudala yi-R160 000. Abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-12 leminyaka ubudala banikwa isixa-mali esiyi-R50 000 ngonyaka umntwana emnye.
Kwakusakubakho isibonelelo sokukhenketha nesoshishino ezahlukeneyo kodwa oko akusekho. Isibonelelo sonyaka sikho kuzo zonke iindidi zokuhamba-hamba ngonyaka ngamnye.
Izibonelelo ezi zisebenza kunyaka wekhalenda ukusukela ngomhla wo-1 kweyoMqungu ukuya kuma kowama-31 kweyoMnga. Isibonelelo sakho siqala ukusebenza ngomhla wokuhamba kwakho. Ukuba awusisebenzisi sonke isibonelelo sakho ngalo nyaka siphuma ngawo - awukwazi kunyukelwa zizibonelelo ukusukela kulo nyaka kuye komnye.
Ungasisebenzisa sonke isibonelelo sakho ngayo nayiphi na indlela oyithandayo, kuquka imali yelo zwe, ikhadi elifakwe imali onokuyisebenzisa, esuka ebhankini okanye iicheki zabatyeleli.
Ukuba I-R160 000 esisibonelelo ayiwanelanga unyaka, unokufaka isicelo kwiBhanki enguVimba kwisibonelelo esongezelelweyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.14925.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Uluntu lungafaka izicelo zokusebenzisa indlela zikawonkewonke ekwenzeni imicimbi yalo ofana nemidlalo.
Kufuneka xa ubani eneenjongo zokusebenzisa enye yeendlela zephondo enze isicelo kwiCandelo loLawulo Mthetho leSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu. Kufuneka ufake incwadana yembalelwano yesicelo enazo zonke iinkcukacha zomcimbi lowo uza kwenziwa, oko ukwenze kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba uqalise.
Imiqathango okanye imilinganiselo iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ngowaluhlobo luphi na umcimbi lowo.
Ngama-R70 umrhumo wolawulo, ndawonye nemirhumo yoncedo lwezithuthi.
Uncediso kweZothutho: R48.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.14948.14948.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Bonke abaqhubi boMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba izithuthi akhangeleka njengecredit card. Eli phepha-mvume linikezelwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umqhubi ephumelele izifundo zokuqhuba.
Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi elenziwe njengecredit card liphelelwa emva kweminyaka emihlanu lakhutshwa. Usuku lokuphelelwa lubhalwe kulo eli khadi. Phambi kokuba ikhadi eli liphelelwe kufuneka ufake isicelo selinye ikhadi elitsha.
Xa usenza isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha kufuneka kunyatheliswe iminwe yakho. Ngabantu abakwiminyaka engaphezulu kwe-18 kuphela abangafaka izicelo zamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba. Ungafaka isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba lokuqhuba isithuthuthu (esibukhulu bushiyanayo ukuya kuma nge-125 CC) xa uneminyaka engaphezulu kwe-16.
uhlawule imali engummiselo ekhutshwayo.
Isicelo sakho kufuneka sichaze isithuthi ofuna ukusiqhuba (yinqwelo-mafutha, isithuthuthu, ikari, iminibhasi njalo-njalo.).
Wakuba usenzile isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba kufuneka namehlo akho abe kwimeko ekuvumelayo ukuba uqhube xa ebehlolwa, uya kunikwa usuku oya kuvavanywa ngalo.
uyakwazi ukusiqhuba esi sithuthi sikhankanywe kwisicelo eso.
Izixhobo zokufunda zikhona ukukunceda ulungiselele ukuhlolelwa ukuqhuba kanti uninzi lwabantu luye lufunde kumntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Wakuba uphumelele uvavanyo lokuqhuba, uya kufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lekhadi.
Xa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba isithuthi sele lilungile, uya kwaziswa ngeposi. Xa usiya kulithatha eli phepha-mvume, kufuneka uphathe isazisi. Ikhadi elingaphuthunywanga kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-120 liya kutshatyalaliswa.
Isizathu esifungelweyoi esichaza ukuba kutheni umqhubi lowo engakwazanga kuzizela ngokwakhe, achaze igama nenombolo yesazisi somntu oye kumlandela.
Ungenza isicelo sokufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elilikhadi kulo naliphi na iziko eli elijongene nokuhlola abaqhubi abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
Iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha lisebenza ngokusemthethweni isithuba seminyaka emihlanu kuphela futhi idinga ukuhlazinywa ukuphela kweli xesha. Usuku lokuphelelwa liyabonakala apha kweli phepha-mvume.
Ungalihlaziya iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba phambi nje kokuba liphelelwe. Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha liya kusebenza ngokusemthethweni isithuba seminyaka emihlanu ukusuka ngosuku lokuhlaziywa kwalo.
Ukuhlaziya iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo soko kwiZiko Lokuvavanyela Amaphepha-mvume Okuqhuba elikufutshane nawe.
Phambi kokuba iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba libe nokuhlaziywa, kuya kufuneka kuthatyathwe imizila yeminwe yakho futhi kuya kufuneka uye kuvavanyo lwamehlo. Ukuba amehlo akho aya engaboni kakuhle emva kokuba wanikwa iphepha-mvume lokufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kusenokongezwa izithintelo kwiphepha-mvume elo litsha. Umzekelo, kungafuneka unxibe iindondo xa uqhuba. Ukuba uthe akwaluphumelela ngokupheleleyo uvavanyo lwamehlo, iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba alisayi kuhlaziywa.
Akuyi kufuneka uphinde uye kuvavanyelwa ukuqhuba kwakhona.
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaphesheya kweelwandle ngexesha lokuphelelwa kwamaphepha-mvume abo okuqhuba banokuwahlaziya loo maphepha-mvume kuphela xa bebuyele kweli lizwe. Kusenjalo, xa sele kukhutshwe izohlwayo, abantu abangakhange bakwazi ukuwahlaziya amaphepha-mvume abo okuqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha baya kuba nakho ukufaka izicelo zokungohlwaywa.
Kukho intlawulo elikhulu leerandi yokuhlaziywa kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha.
Ukuba ngaba iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba lilahlekile, okanye libiwe nokuba lithe latshabalala, kufuneka wenze isicelo sokufumana elinye.
Uya kunikwa iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lexeshana eliya kusebenza iinyanga ezintandathu okanye de ube ufumene eliny, nokuba yiyiphi eqale yenzeka.
Ukwenza isicelo sokufumanaiphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo elingu-TDL kulo naliphi na iziko lokuhlola ukuqhuba.
imifanekiso yakho emine.
Ngama- R40 ilayisenisi yexeshana.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.14948.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Bonke abaqhubi boMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba izithuthi akhangeleka njengecredit card. Eli phepha-mvume linikezelwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umqhubi ephumelele izifundo zokuqhuba.
Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi elenziwe njengecredit card liphelelwa emva kweminyaka emihlanu lakhutshwa. Usuku lokuphelelwa lubhalwe kulo eli khadi. Phambi kokuba ikhadi eli liphelelwe kufuneka ufake isicelo selinye ikhadi elitsha.
Xa usenza isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha kufuneka kunyatheliswe iminwe yakho. Ngabantu abakwiminyaka engaphezulu kwe-18 kuphela abangafaka izicelo zamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba. Ungafaka isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba lokuqhuba isithuthuthu (esibukhulu bushiyanayo ukuya kuma nge-125 CC) xa uneminyaka engaphezulu kwe-16.
uphathe iSazisi sakho uphathe zonke iimpepha ezikuvumela ukuba uqhube isithuthi eso uze kunye nemifanekiso emine yakho efanayo uhlawule imali engummiselo ekhutshwayo.
Isicelo sakho kufuneka sichaze isithuthi ofuna ukusiqhuba (yinqwelo-mafutha, isithuthuthu, ikari, iminibhasi njalo-njalo.).
Wakuba usenzile isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba kufuneka namehlo akho abe kwimeko ekuvumelayo ukuba uqhube xa ebehlolwa, uya kunikwa usuku oya kuvavanywa ngalo.
unephepha-mvum elokuqhuba elisemthethweni uyazazi kwaye uyaziqonda iimpawu zendlela zezithuthi unalo nolwazi ngemithetho yendlela kwaneempawu ezingafaniyo ekufuneka umqhubi wesithuthi eziqwalasele xa eqhuba kwindlela kawonkewonke uyakwazi ukusiqhuba esi sithuthi sikhankanywe kwisicelo eso.
Izixhobo zokufunda zikhona ukukunceda ulungiselele ukuhlolelwa ukuqhuba kanti uninzi lwabantu luye lufunde kumntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Wakuba uphumelele uvavanyo lokuqhuba, uya kufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lekhadi.
Xa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba isithuthi sele lilungile, uya kwaziswa ngeposi. Xa usiya kulithatha eli phepha-mvume, kufuneka uphathe isazisi. Ikhadi elingaphuthunywanga kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-120 liya kutshatyalaliswa.
Isizathu esifungelweyoi esichaza ukuba kutheni umqhubi lowo engakwazanga kuzizela ngokwakhe, achaze igama nenombolo yesazisi somntu oye kumlandela.
Ungenza isicelo sokufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elilikhadi kulo naliphi na iziko eli elijongene nokuhlola abaqhubi abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
Iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha lisebenza ngokusemthethweni isithuba seminyaka emihlanu kuphela futhi idinga ukuhlazinywa ukuphela kweli xesha. Usuku lokuphelelwa liyabonakala apha kweli phepha-mvume.
Ungalihlaziya iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba phambi nje kokuba liphelelwe. Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha liya kusebenza ngokusemthethweni isithuba seminyaka emihlanu ukusuka ngosuku lokuhlaziywa kwalo.
Ukuhlaziya iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo soko kwiZiko Lokuvavanyela Amaphepha-mvume Okuqhuba elikufutshane nawe.
Phambi kokuba iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba libe nokuhlaziywa, kuya kufuneka kuthatyathwe imizila yeminwe yakho futhi kuya kufuneka uye kuvavanyo lwamehlo. Ukuba amehlo akho aya engaboni kakuhle emva kokuba wanikwa iphepha-mvume lokufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kusenokongezwa izithintelo kwiphepha-mvume elo litsha. Umzekelo, kungafuneka unxibe iindondo xa uqhuba. Ukuba uthe akwaluphumelela ngokupheleleyo uvavanyo lwamehlo, iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba alisayi kuhlaziywa.
Akuyi kufuneka uphinde uye kuvavanyelwa ukuqhuba kwakhona.
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaphesheya kweelwandle ngexesha lokuphelelwa kwamaphepha-mvume abo okuqhuba banokuwahlaziya loo maphepha-mvume kuphela xa bebuyele kweli lizwe. Kusenjalo, xa sele kukhutshwe izohlwayo, abantu abangakhange bakwazi ukuwahlaziya amaphepha-mvume abo okuqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha baya kuba nakho ukufaka izicelo zokungohlwaywa.
Kukho intlawulo elikhulu leerandi yokuhlaziywa kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha.
Ukuba ngaba iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba lilahlekile, okanye libiwe nokuba lithe latshabalala, kufuneka wenze isicelo sokufumana elinye.
Uya kunikwa iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba lexeshana eliya kusebenza iinyanga ezintandathu okanye de ube ufumene eliny, nokuba yiyiphi eqale yenzeka.
Ukwenza isicelo sokufumanaiphepha-mvume lokuqhuba elitsha, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo elingu-TDL kulo naliphi na iziko lokuhlola ukuqhuba.
isazisi sakho imifanekiso yakho emine.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.14960.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuvula iziko eliza kujongana nokuhlola abantu abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, kufuneka ubhalise kuMphathiswa weZothutho.
Sakuba isicelo eso siphunyeziwe abahloli bamaziko okuvavanyela ukuqhuba baya kulivavanya elo ziko ze benze neziphakamiso ngomgangatho walo. Eli candelo lomhloli liya kumana ukwenza umjikelo ngonyaka ukubeka iliso kwimigangatho yeli ziko ze lilicebise iziko elo lihlola nayiphi na imeko yalo kwanokulondolozwa kwalo xa kuhlolwa amaziko kwaneenkqubo ezifunekayo.
Okwangoku, ngooMaspala kuphela kunye namasebe ezothutho anelungelo lokuba namaziko okuvavanyela ukuqhuba.
Ukwenza isicelo sokubhalisela iziko elihlola ze likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhubaz, kufuneka uzalise iphetshan lesicelo elingu-DTC. Kufuneka kunikezelwe ingxelo kwiphetshana elo ngommeli wezolawulo kwanamabavavanyi abebengabahloli kwiziko elihlola likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
iziko elichaphazelekayo nelihlola likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba ummeli wezolawulo abahloli abavavanyela amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.14987.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Bonke abantu abafundisa ukuqhuba kufuneka babhalise. Ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokufundisa ukuqhuba, kufuneka kuthi kwakuphandwa kufunyaniswe ukuba awuzange wabandakanyeka kulwaphulo-mthetho, ufumane nencwadi kagqirha ngobume bempilo yakho, ze uluphumelele novavanyo lomntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Ukufaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso sokuba ngumntu ofunfisa ukuqhuba, kufuneka uzalise iphetshana lesicelo u-R1 kwiziko elivavanyela ukuqhuba nelikhupha amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba.
Isicelo eso kufuneka sichaze ukuba luluphi udidi/ ziziphi iindidi zezithuthi ofuna ukuzibhalisa oza kufundisa ngazo ukuqhuba kwaye kufuneka eso sicelo sihambe nemali engummiselo ekhutshwayo.
Ukuba isicelo sithe samkelwa, kufuneka uhlolwe kwiziko elivavanya likhuphe amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba ukuze ufumane ingxelo malunga nobuchule nolwazi onalo ukuze ube unganguye umntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Ukuba uye waphumelela, uya kunikwa into egunyazisa oko, apho uya kuthi ufake iifoto ezimbini kunye nemali engummiselo ehlawulwayo. Uya kuthi emva koko unikwe isiqinisekiso sokuba ubhalisile.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.15063.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kufuneka ube iphepha-mvume lokufunda ukuqhuba. Ulifumana eli phepha-mvume xa ufundela ukuqhuba isithuthuthu esibukhulu bungaphezulu kwe-125 CCs, inqwelo-mafutha, iminibus, isithuthi esincinci esithutha iimpahla, okanye isithuthi esikhulu xa ungaphezulu kwe-17 leminyaka ubudala. Ungalifumana iphepha-mvume lokufundela ukuqhuba izithuthu ezibukhulu bungange-50 CC ukuya kwi-125 CC xa uneminyaka eli-16 eli-16 nangaphezulu ubudala. Wakuba ulifumene iphepha-mvume lokufundela ukuqhuba, ungasiqhuba eso sithuthi sibhalwe kuloi Kodwa ke kufuneka umqhubi osele enalo iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi ahambe kunye nalowo ungekabinalo ngalo lonke ixesha, (ngaphandle kwasezithuthuthwini). Umntu ofunda ukuqhuba isithuthuthu akavumelekanga ukuthwala omnye umntu esithuthuthwini.
Ukwenza isicelo sokufunda ukuqhuba, kufuneka uugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo elingu-LL1 kwiziko elikufuphi nawe elihlola abaqhubi abatsha. Kufuneka uye neefoto ezimbini, zibe nombala okanye zingabi nawo, uveze neSazisi sakho uze uhlawule imali efunekayo. Kufuneka ube uneminyaka engaphezulu kweshumi elinesixhenxe ubudala.
Ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyelwe ukuqhuba kufuneka ube uluphumelele uvavanyo olukukhangela ukuba uyayazi na imiqondiso yendlela, iimpawu ezilawula iimoto ezindleleni, iindawo zokuqhuba ezilawula imoto ezingaphakathi. Kufuneka ube uye wahlolwa namehlo.
Izixhobo zokufunda ezikunceda ekubeni ufundise umfundi-kuqhuba alungele ukuvavanywa ziyafumaneka ezivenkileni.
Iphepha-mvume lomntu ofunda ukuqhuba lisebenza iinyanga ezili-18.
Kufuneka uhlawule ama-R60 xa usenza idinga lokuya kubhala uvavanyo lokufumana iphepha-mvume lofunda ukuqhuba ze ibe ngama-R30 wakuba uluphumelele uvavanyo olo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.15119.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abavelisi/abayili, abakhi nabo bazisa izithuthi kweli lizwe bangaziqhuba iimoto ezingabhaliswanga beziqhuba ngenombolo yokuthengisa izithuthi.
kubathuthi beemoto ukuba bazise iimoto umthengisi-moto xa ezizisa, ezithengisa, etshintshisa okanye elungisa isithuthi eso umenzi-moto xa ezise isithuthi okanye ezivavanya umzisi-moto welinye ilizwe ozise iimoto.
Umenzi-zimoto kufuneka enze isicelo sokufumana inombolo yokuthengisa isithuthi ze afune isiqinisekiso senombolo yokuthengisa izithuthi.
Nayiphi na imali esisohlwayo kwanosemva ngayo xa imali leyo ifike kade.
Kwisicelo sakho, kufuneka ubonise ukuba zingaphi na iinombolo zorhwebo zesithuthi ozifunayo utsho nokuba uzifunela ntoni na.
Imali engama-R 69.
Imali engama-R 681.
Imali engama-R 138.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.15127.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke izikhululo zokuhlola izithuthi kufuneka zibhaliswe zibekwe ngokomgangatho ngaphambi kokuba zifumane iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo zokuba zikulungele ukuba sendleleni.
Isicelo siya kwamkelwa kuphela xa isikhululo eso sisebenza ngokuhlola izithuthi sihlangabezana nomgangatho wobuchule nolwazi ofunekayo ngokommiselo weSABS 0216 ' Isikhululo Sovavanyo Lwezithuthi' kwanendlela yokuhlola nokuvavanya isithuthi kufuneka ihlangabezene nenkqubo yeSABS 047 'Ukukhangelwa kwemoto ukuba iyilungele na indlela'.
Ukuba isicelo eso sibe nempumelelo, ukubhaliswa kwesithuthi kufuneka kusoloko luvezwa ngalo lonke ixesha.
idiploma yomhloli wakho isiqinisekiso sokubhaliswa kweshishinii.
Umhloli uya kutyelela iziko lokuhlola ze enze iziphakamiso aqinisekise nokuba iziko elo liyahlangabezana nemimiselo yeSABS.
Isiqinisekiso sobhaliso singakhutshwa emva koko.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.15197.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kufumeneka iphepha-mvume lesithuthi esithwala imithwalo enobungozi nezinye izithuthi. Imfuneko yamaphepha-mvume ixhomekeke kubukhulu nakubunjani bomthwalo lowo okanye isithuthi eso. Imimiselo yokwenza isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuthwala imiselwa kwiphepha-mvume ngokwalo kwaye kungabandakanywa noncedo lwezithuthi.
Amaphepha-mvume okuthwala imithwalo enobungozi ayafumaneka kwiSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, iCandelo lezoLawulo loMthetho. Izicelo umntu angazenzela yena ngokwakhe okanye adibane nomntu ocebisayo ngaphambi kokubetha kwentsimbi ye-12 emini emaqanda ngomhla owandulela ukuba isithuthi okanye umnthwalo ufuduswe. Izicelo ziya kuqwalaselwa ngosuku olulandelayo.
Ubume beentlawulo kumaphepha-mvume ezithuthi ezingaqhelekanga nemithwalo engaqhelekanga.
Uncediso kwezoThutho: R48.
Uqaphele ke ukuba imirhumo yoncedo yezithuthi iya kube ihlaziywe ekuhambeni kwexesha kwalapha ku-2003. kwakhona, imirhumo yoncedo iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni luluphi na uhlobo uncedo olufunekayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.15212.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuqhuba iindidi ezithile zezithuthi kufuneka umntu abe nephepha-mvume elisemthethweni Lokuqhuba Ngobuchule ngaphezu kwaleyo anayo yokuqhuba.
isithuthi esithwala iimpahla, ezinobunzima obungaphezu kwama- 3 500 kg isithuthi esitsala esinye ezaphukileyo ibhasi iminibus enobunzima obungadlulanga kuma-3 500 kg esenzelwe ukuthwala abantu abali- 12 nangaphezulu, kubandakanywa nomqhubi isithuthi esisetyenziswa ekuthutheni abantu ukuze sihlawulwe isithuthi esithwala iimpahla ezinobungozi, esinobunzima obungaphezulu kwama-3 500 kg isithuthi esihamba endleleni esiyi-tank yokuthwala izinto ezilulwelo oluvuthayo olune -petroleum isithuthi esithwala abantu abali-12 okanye ngaphezulu kuqukwa nomqhubi.
Akukho phepha-mvume lakuqhuba ngobuchule lifunekayo ekuqhubeni isithuthi sokungcwaba okanye iteletele.
awuzange wakha wafunyaniswa uqhuba kakubi, okanye uqhuba ukungakhathali okanye awuzange ukhe wafunyaniswa unetyala lobundlobongela alizange khe larhoxiswa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba.
Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule lingarhoxiswa okanye licinywe xa uthe wafunyaniswa ukuba awukulungelanga ukuqhuba ngokwezonyango okanye xa uthe wafunyaniswa uqhuba kakubi okanye uqhuba ngokungakhathali, okanye ukuba wakha wafunyaniswa unetyala lobundlobongela.
Umqhubi okanye umnini-sithuthi elithe lafuneka iphepha-mvume lakhe lokuqhuba akavumelekanga ukuba alinike omnye umntu alisebenzise endleleni kawonkewonke, ngaphandle kokuba loo mntu naye unalo elakhe elikwanjalo futhi kwinqanaba elifanayo.
Usenza kwiziko elisebenza ngamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba isicelo sokufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule.
uze nesiqinisekiso sikagqirha uze nalo naliphi na elinye iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule okanye lokuqhuba isithuthi sikawonkewonke osele unalo.
Sakuba sesenziwe isicelo, kuya kunyatheliswa iminwe kwanephepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba elilikhadi elibonakalisa iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba ngobuchule.
Uya kwaziswa lakuba ikhadi lakho sele lilungile uye kuliphuthuma. Kufuneka ube besazisi xa uye kuthatha ikhadi lakho. Naliphi na ikhadi elingaphuthunywanga kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-120 liya kutshatyalaliswa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.16460.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ngaba inombolo yenjini yakho okanye yomzimba wesithuthi itshintshiwe, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso esinika ubungqina bokuba akukho khwiniba ngaphambi kokuba usibhalise isithuthi sakho.
Kufuneka wenze isicelo sokubhalisa kuqala kwiziko elibhalisa izithuthi ucele iSiqinisekiso samaPolisa esiNgqina ukuba akukho khwiniba kwisithuthi eso. Emva koko kufuneka usithathe ngokwakho isithuthi eso uye naso kwicandelo leeNkonzo zamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika apho uya kuthi usifumane khona esi siqinisekiso.
Akukho mali ihlawulwayo ngaphandle kokuba kufuneka kugximfiswe inombolo yomzimba wesithuthi eso nenjini entsha.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.16462.16462.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umthetho umisela ukuba kufuneka imana ukuhlaziywa qho ngonyaka iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi sakho. Ngumsebenzi wakho wena njengomnini-sithuthi, kukuqinisekisa ukuba liyahlaziywa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe. Ukuba ngaba alihlaziywanga kuya kufuneka wohlwayiwe. Unikwa ixeshana ezlingangeentsuku ezingama-21 emva kokuba sele liphelile ixesha lokuhlaziya iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba apho uye uhlawule intlawulo eqhelekileyo yephepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi kungafakwa sohlwayo.
Ukusenzela iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi sakho, , kufuneka uthumele iphetshana lesicelo elingu-ALV kwiziko elibhalisa izithuthi, uphathe kunye nesazisi sakho, imali engummiselo ekhutshwayo kunye neyazo naziphi na izohlwayo kwanemali esisemva ngayo isithuthi eso.
Kungenjalo, ungeza naso nesaziso sokuhlaziya iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba (iphetshana lesicelo u-MVL2) ukuba unayo. Ezi zaziso zithunyelwa ngeposi qho ngenyanga kubo bonke abanini-zimoto esele lisondele ixesha lokuba lihlaziywe kwakhona iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba.
Ukufumana enye ingcaciso, tsalela uMichael Gallant Kwicandelo lezoLawulo lobhaliso lwezithuthi kule nombolo 021 483 2058 okanye udibane neziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi elikufuphi nawe.
Imali ehlawulelwa ilayisenisi ixhomekeke kubunzima besithuthi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.16464.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa sitshintsha siba sesomnye umntu.
Emva kweentsuku ezingama-31 sihluthiwe isithuthi.
Xa ilifa liqoshelisiwe emva komnini-sithuthi.
Xa uthenga isithuthi kufuneka usibhalise egameni lakho kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-21.
Isiqinisekiso somenzi waso.
Kufuneka ube uyayazi inombolo yomzimba wesithuthi okanye eyenjini yesithuthi yakho.
isiqinisekiso sokuba isithuthi eso sikulungele ukuba sendleleni into engqina ukuba sithengiwe isithuthi eso.
Xa isithuthi sibhalisiwe isiqinisekiso sobhaliso siya kunikwa umnini waso.
Ukuba isithuthi sakho siye safakelwa ilungu okanye sakhiwa ngokutsha, umzekelo safakelwa injini entsha, eso sithuthi kufuneka siphinde sibhaliswe kwakhona. Kule meko, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso esingqina ukuba akukho nto igwenxa emapoliseni kwanesiqinisekiso sokuba isithuthi eso sikulungele ukuba sendleleni ngaphambi kokuba ube nokusibhalisa isithuthi sakho.
Qaphela: Kukwakho nezinto ezizezinye ezifunekayo kwisithuthi ebesikhe asabhaliswa, ezongeza kwizinto ezifunwa kwindla-lifa yalowo ungasekhoyo, ukuthinjwa kwaso, ezifumaneke ngaphandle kwemida yoMzantsi Afrika okanye xa sasixeliwe ukuba sebiwa.
Imali Yokubhalisa: R69.
Ukuba awusibhalisi isithuthi sakho kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-21 usifumene, uya kohlwaywa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.16638.16638.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza Ngabantu afumaneka kwiBhodi yamaphepha-mvume Okuthutha Uluntu. Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ekufuneka lihambe neenkcukacha zakho okanye zenkampani uhlobo lwenkonzo yothutho loluntu iinkcukacha zendlela oza kuhamba ngayo iinkcukacha zesithuthi sakho.
Kufuneka utyikitye nesigqibo esifungelweyo esichaza ukuba awuzange wakha wachaphazeleka kwizenzo zobundlobongela okanye kumatyala amakhulu okanye wakha wabanjelwa ukubandakanyeka ekuphatheni izixhobo ezingekho mthethweni. Kukho intlawulo yezolawulo engama-R25 ekufuneka ihlawulwe.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza asebenza iminyaka emihlanu owona mlinganiselo mkhulu.
Ukuze ukulungele ukufumanaiphepha-mvume lokusebenza ngokuthutha uluntu, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba kufuneka ube lilungu elipheleleyo lombutho woonoteksi obhalisiweyo. Umbutho woonoteksi ubhaliswa kuMphathi Wemiba Yeeteksi yePhondo.
Wakuba ulifumeneiphepha-mvume lokusebenza, kufuneka uliphathe uliveze xa igosa lendlela lifina ukuba wenjenjalo, kwaye kufuneka uncamathisele uphawu olwahlukileyo kwelomnye umbutho kwisithuthi sakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.16638.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza Ngabantu afumaneka kwiBhodi yamaphepha-mvume Okuthutha Uluntu. Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo ekufuneka lihambe neenkcukacha zakho okanye zenkampani uhlobo lwenkonzo yothutho loluntu iinkcukacha zendlela oza kuhamba ngayo iinkcukacha zesithuthi sakho.
Kufuneka utyikitye nesigqibo esifungelweyo esichaza ukuba awuzange wakha wachaphazeleka kwizenzo zobundlobongela okanye kumatyala amakhulu okanye wakha wabanjelwa ukubandakanyeka ekuphatheni izixhobo ezingekho mthethweni. Kukho intlawulo yezolawulo engama-R25 ekufuneka ihlawulwe.
Amaphepha-mvume okusebenza asebenza iminyaka emihlanu owona mlinganiselo mkhulu.
Ukuze ukulungele ukufumanaiphepha-mvume lokusebenza ngokuthutha uluntu, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba kufuneka ube lilungu elipheleleyo lombutho woonoteksi obhalisiweyo. Umbutho woonoteksi ubhaliswa kuMphathi Wemiba Yeeteksi yePhondo.
Wakuba ulifumeneiphepha-mvume lokusebenza, kufuneka uliphathe uliveze xa igosa lendlela lifina ukuba wenjenjalo, kwaye kufuneka uncamathisele uphawu olwahlukileyo kwelomnye umbutho kwisithuthi sakho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11598.93389.93389.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ukhubazekile, ungasifaka isicelo secwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo kumaspala wakho. Eli cwecwe ke likuvumela ukuba upake kwiindawo zokupaka ezibekelwe bucala abaqhubi abakhubazekileyo yaye liyakukhupha wena kwimiqathango ethile yokupaka ngamaxesha athile.
ukuhamba kwakho kukhubazeke ngenxa yesigulo somzimba okanye sengqondo esiqhubekekayo, okanye ke ukuhamba kwakho kusakhubazeke okwexeshana kodwa kuphazamiseke kakhulu.
Abanye oorhulumente bamakhaya badinga ukuba ugqirha agcwalise icandelo ellithile leli phetshana lesicelo, ngoko ke eli phetshana kufuneka liye kulandwa kwangexesha. Nceda uqhagamshelane nesebe lezendlela elikufutshane nawe ukuze ufumane ingqiniseko yokuba uyayidinga na incwadi esuka kugqirha kusini na.
Ukuba uthi ufumane icwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo, kufuneka uliveze ngokucacileyo kwifestile yangaphambili yesithuthi sakho.
Nceda uqonde ukuba eli cwecwe lokupaka labahubi abakhubazekileyo linikezelwa ngye nawuphi na urhulumente wekhaya linganganakanwa ngoko nangoko ngomnye urhulumente wekhaya.
Intlawulo efunekayo ukuze umntu abe nokulifumana eli cwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo ayilingani futhi ixhomekeka kuloo maspala.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11602.122924.122924.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho yendlela ezithi zenzeke kwiSixeko saseKapa - oko ke kuthethe ukuthi kwingingqi yenqila yeKapa, eyiBlaauwberg, uMbindi weSixeko saseKapa, iHelderberg, i-Oostenberg, uMzantsi kaSinga-siqithi neTygerberg - ziphantsi kwamasebe Ezendlela eSixeko saseKapa. La masebe ke aquka amasebe ezendlela ase-Atlantis, elaseDurbanville, elase-Elsies River, elaseHelderberg, elaseMilnerton, elase-Oostenberg, elase-Ottery Hill nelaseParow. Iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho yendlela ezithi zenzeke kwezinye oongingqi ziphantsi kolawulo lwaloo maspala zenzeke kumhlaba wakhe.
Ndingafumanisa ukuba ndinesohlwayo sendlela endingekasihlawuli?
Zeziphi ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zezohlwayo zendlela?
Ndingawujonga ndiwuqinisekise phi umfanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya?
Ndingasihlawula njani isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Ndingasihlawula na isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela kumatshini webhanki?
Ndingasihlawula emva kwexesha elingakanani isohlwayo sam sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingasihlawuli isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Tsalela iCandelo Lemibuzo Ngemiba Yendlela 'ngexesha lomsebenzi (ukusukela ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu, ngesibhozo ekuseni ukuya kutsho ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesithathu malanga) kule nombolo. Ukuba ungathanda ukufumana iphepha elichaza konke ngesohlwayo sakho. Kuya kufuneka uziyele ngokwakho kweli sebe lezendlela.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba isebe lezendlela likuthumela izohlwayo zeziphoso zendlela kwidilesi yakho endala, nceda uthumele idilesi yakho entsha ngefeksi (eyokuhlala neyeposi) , ndawonye nencwadana yakho yesazisi kwiCandelo Lokubhaliswa Kwezithuthi kule nombolo (021) 419 1676. Yibhalise ngeSebe Lonxibelelwano. Tsalela iCandelo Lokubhaliswa Kwezithuthi kule nombolo yomnxeba (021) 400 4900 nangaziphi na iinkcukacha onokuzifuna ngalo mba.
Zimbini iintlobo zezohlwayo kwiziphoso zendlela: Ezi ke Ngumyamelo Okunyanzelisa Ngokukhawuleza ukuba Uye Kuvela Enkundleni kunye NeTikiti leCandelo 341 Elikwazisa Ngesohlwayo Kwisiphoso Sendlela.
Umyalelo Okunyanzelisa Ukuba Uvele Ngokukhawuleza Enkundleni ukhutshwa xa igosa lendlela ekhuphela umqhubi-sithuthi ecaleni kwendlela ukuze amnike itikiti elinesohlwayo ngenxa yezi ziphoso zilandelayo: isiphoso asenze ngelixa aqhubayo (umzekelo, ukuqhuba ngesantya esingamkelekanga okanye okanye ukudlula izibane zendlela zimvalele), isiphene esikwisithuthi sakho (umzekelo, isibane sangemva esophukileyo/esingasebenziyo), iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi eliphelelweyo okanye ukuqhuba isithuthi ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba.
A iTikiti leCandelo 341 likhutshwa xa umqhubi-sithuthi ebanjwe yikhamera esaphula umthetho wendlela (umzekelo, xa eqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu ngendlela engamkelekanga) okanye xa igosa elo lendlela likhupha eli tikiti engekho umqhubi lowo esithuthini (eli ke litiki elimbala upinki elinikezelwa xa umqhuni ethe wapaka ngokungekho mthethweni, efunywenwe enecwecwe lephepha-mvume lokuqhuba eliphelelweyo, njalo-njalo).
Ukuba inombolo yesohlwayo esize ngenxa yesiphozo esibanjwe yikhamera ngo-"9" okanye u-"4", ungayijonga kwi-internet kule dilesi www.payfine.co.za. Nceda ke uqwalasele ukuba oku akuthethi ukuba ungasiphlawula isohlwayo eso kwalapho kwi-internet.
Inombolo yomfanekiso lowo, obonakala kwitikiti olithunyelweyo.
Izohlwayo zeziphoso ezithatyathwe ziikhamera ezineenombolo eziqala ngo-"2" zingajongwa kuphela kwisebe lezendlela laseParow, kwelase-Oostenberg, elaseHelderberg, elaseMilnerton, kwelikuMazantsi kaSinga-siqithi kwakunye nelaseKapa phakathi kwecala emva kwentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni neyesithathu malanga.
Iitsheki namaphetshana okwenza iintlawulo aseposini kufuneka abhaliswe ngeSixeko saseKapa.
Ngenxa yobuzaza bobuqhetseba nobusela kwicandelo leeposi, ayikhuthazwa tu into yokuba umntu athumele imali eziinkozo ngeposi.
Ukuba ibhanki yakho yiFirst National Bank, ungasihlawula isohlwayo sakho kuwo nawuphi na umatshini wale bhanki ngokuthi usebenzise inombolo ekwitikiti leso sohlwayo.
Ukuba unomnqweno wokuhlawula ngosuku lokugqibela lokuhlawula okanye emva kolu suku,, ungakwenza oku ngokuthi uhlawule imali eziinkozo okanye ngetsheki eqinisekiswe yibhanki kwinkundla ekhankanywe kwelo tikiti (fumana ke idilesi kwesi sikhundla sineeNkundla zooMaspala). Kuya kufuneka uye ngokwakhe xa uhlawula esi sohlwayo, kwishumi elinesine leentsuku emva kosuku lokugqibela lokuhlawula. Ngolu suku lweshumi elinesine ke, ityala lakho liya kuchotshelwa enkundleni.
Ukuba akunamnqweno wakulihlawula eli tyala, kuya kufuneka uye kuvela enkundleni, ngokwakho, ngosuku obekelwe ukuvela ngalo enkundleni ngeenjongo zokuya kuzithethelela. Ukuba akuyi kuzithethelela, inkundla iya kukhupha isigunyaziso kokubanjwa kwakho uvalelwe kwesimnyama.
Ayikhgo indlela yokuhlawula amatikiti akhutshwe siSixeko saseKapa kwi-internet.
IUkuba ibhanki yakho yiFirst National Bank, ungasihlawula isohlwayo sakho sendlela kuwo nawuphi na umatshini wale bhanki ngokuthi usebenzise inombolo ekwelo tikiti.
Kuxhyomekeka ekubeni ufumene oluphi na uhlobo lwesohlwayo, Isigunyaziso Sokuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokungxamisekileyo okanye iTikiti leCandelo le-341, unesithuba esiphakathi kwamashumi amathathu eentsuku neenyanga ezine sokuhlawula itikiti lakho lesiphoso sendlela.
Isigunyaziso Sokuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokungxamisekileyo linosuku oza kuvela ngalo enkundleni yaye uneentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuhlawula ukususela kusuku elikhutshwe ngalo eli tikiti, ukwenze oko kwisebe lezendlela elikhankanywe kwitikiti kwisigunyaziso eso. Ukuba uthi ulihlawule eli tikiti ngosuku omele ukuvela ngalo enkundleni, kuya kufuneka ukwenze ngokwakho oko enkundleni.
Ukuba uthi ufumane iTikiti leCandelo le-341, uneentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokuba isebe lezendlela likhuphe "iSaiziso Esiphambi Kwesigunyaziso Sokuvela Enkundleni", oya kuthi emva kokukhutshwa kwaso ube nezinye iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokukhutshwa kwalo myalelo ukugunyazisa ukuba uye kuvela enkundleni.
Emva kokukhutshwa komyalelo wokuvela enkundleni, unezinye iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuhlawula itikiti lakho kwiSebe Lezendlela elikhankanywe apho. Emva kokudlula kwala mashumi amathathu eentsuku, unelinye ishumi elinesine leentsuku oliphiwayo lokuba uhlawule eli tikiti kwinkundla ekhanknywe kuloo myalelo.
Ngoko ke lilonke, unamalunga neenyanga ezine zokuba uhlawule isohlwayo sakho emva kokufumana itikiti leCandelo le-341.
Ukuba unomnqweno wokufaka isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sendlela osinikiweyo, thumela incwadi ecacisa izizathu zakho, ndawonye nekopi yeso sohlwayo sakho, kwiSebe Lezendlela laseGallows Hill. Usenakho kanti nokuzithumela ngefeksi ezi nkcukacha kule nombolo: 021 421 6607. Uya kuthi ufumane incwadi ke ekwazisa ngokuba eli sebe liyifumene incwadi yakho kwisithuba esimalunga neenyanga ezintathu emva koko.
uMlawuli Wemicimbi Yendlela Yendlela uya kuthi akuthumele le ncwadi yakho kwinkundla efanelekileyo. uMtshutshisi Woluntu okuloo nkundla uya kuthi asiqwalasele esi sohlwayo, nto leyo ithabatha ubuninzi iintsuku ezimbini, ze emva koko athumele isigqibo sakhe kuMlawuli Wemicimbi Yendllela, oua kuthi yena asibhale phantsi asigcine ezincwadini. Le inkqubo ke ithabatha malunga neeveki ezintathu. Xa ihlanganiswa yonke le nkqubo ithabatha iiveki ezintandathu.
Usenakho kanti nokuqhagamshelana noMtshutshini Woluntu ngokuthi uye ngqo kwinkundla ekhankanywe kweso sohlwayo. Ukuba uthe wafumana umyalelo okubizela enkundleni, kufuneka uqhagamshelane noMtshutshisi Woluntu ngaphambi kosuku lokuvela kwakho enkundleni.
Ukuba, umzekelo, wohlwaywe ngempazamo, ungaya kubhena ngalo mba enkundleni ngosuku obizelwe ukuya kuvela ngalo enkundleni kuloo myalelo.
Ukuba akuyi kuvela uzithethele enkundleni, inkundla iya kukhupha umyalelo ogunyazisa ukuba ubanjwe uvalelwe kwesimnyama, ngetyala lokudela inkundla.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.11602.122924.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho yendlela ezithi zenzeke kwiSixeko saseKapa - oko ke kuthethe ukuthi kwingingqi yenqila yeKapa, eyiBlaauwberg, uMbindi weSixeko saseKapa, iHelderberg, i-Oostenberg, uMzantsi kaSinga-siqithi neTygerberg - ziphantsi kwamasebe Ezendlela eSixeko saseKapa. La masebe ke aquka amasebe ezendlela ase-Atlantis, elaseDurbanville, elase-Elsies River, elaseHelderberg, elaseMilnerton, elase-Oostenberg, elase-Ottery Hill nelaseParow. Iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho yendlela ezithi zenzeke kwezinye oongingqi ziphantsi kolawulo lwaloo maspala zenzeke kumhlaba wakhe.
Ndingafumanisa ukuba ndinesohlwayo sendlela endingekasihlawuli?
Zeziphi ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zezohlwayo zendlela?
Ndingawujonga ndiwuqinisekise phi umfanekiso othatyathwe yikhamera yesantya?
Ndingasihlawula njani isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Ndingasihlawula na isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela kumatshini webhanki?
Ndingasihlawula emva kwexesha elingakanani isohlwayo sam sesiphoso sendlela?
Ndingasifaka njani isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingasihlawuli isohlwayo sesiphoso sam sendlela?
Tsalela iCandelo Lemibuzo Ngemiba Yendlela 'ngexesha lomsebenzi (ukusukela ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu, ngesibhozo ekuseni ukuya kutsho ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesithathu malanga) kule nombolo. Ukuba ungathanda ukufumana iphepha elichaza konke ngesohlwayo sakho. Kuya kufuneka uziyele ngokwakho kweli sebe lezendlela.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba isebe lezendlela likuthumela izohlwayo zeziphoso zendlela kwidilesi yakho endala, nceda uthumele idilesi yakho entsha ngefeksi (eyokuhlala neyeposi) , ndawonye nencwadana yakho yesazisi kwiCandelo Lokubhaliswa Kwezithuthi kule nombolo (021) 419 1676. Yibhalise ngeSebe Lonxibelelwano. Tsalela iCandelo Lokubhaliswa Kwezithuthi kule nombolo yomnxeba (021) 400 4900 nangaziphi na iinkcukacha onokuzifuna ngalo mba.
Zimbini iintlobo zezohlwayo kwiziphoso zendlela: Ezi ke Ngumyamelo Okunyanzelisa Ngokukhawuleza ukuba Uye Kuvela Enkundleni kunye NeTikiti leCandelo 341 Elikwazisa Ngesohlwayo Kwisiphoso Sendlela.
Umyalelo Okunyanzelisa Ukuba Uvele Ngokukhawuleza Enkundleni ukhutshwa xa igosa lendlela ekhuphela umqhubi-sithuthi ecaleni kwendlela ukuze amnike itikiti elinesohlwayo ngenxa yezi ziphoso zilandelayo: isiphoso asenze ngelixa aqhubayo (umzekelo, ukuqhuba ngesantya esingamkelekanga okanye okanye ukudlula izibane zendlela zimvalele), isiphene esikwisithuthi sakho (umzekelo, isibane sangemva esophukileyo/esingasebenziyo), iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi eliphelelweyo okanye ukuqhuba isithuthi ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume lokuqhuba.
A iTikiti leCandelo 341 likhutshwa xa umqhubi-sithuthi ebanjwe yikhamera esaphula umthetho wendlela (umzekelo, xa eqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu ngendlela engamkelekanga) okanye xa igosa elo lendlela likhupha eli tikiti engekho umqhubi lowo esithuthini (eli ke litiki elimbala upinki elinikezelwa xa umqhuni ethe wapaka ngokungekho mthethweni, efunywenwe enecwecwe lephepha-mvume lokuqhuba eliphelelweyo, njalo-njalo).
Ukuba inombolo yesohlwayo esize ngenxa yesiphozo esibanjwe yikhamera ngo-"9" okanye u-"4", ungayijonga kwi-internet kule dilesi www.payfine.co.za. Nceda ke uqwalasele ukuba oku akuthethi ukuba ungasiphlawula isohlwayo eso kwalapho kwi-internet.
Inombolo yomfanekiso lowo, obonakala kwitikiti olithunyelweyo.
Izohlwayo zeziphoso ezithatyathwe ziikhamera ezineenombolo eziqala ngo-"2" zingajongwa kuphela kwisebe lezendlela laseParow, kwelase-Oostenberg, elaseHelderberg, elaseMilnerton, kwelikuMazantsi kaSinga-siqithi kwakunye nelaseKapa phakathi kwecala emva kwentsimbi yesibhozo ekuseni neyesithathu malanga.
Iitsheki namaphetshana okwenza iintlawulo aseposini kufuneka abhaliswe ngeSixeko saseKapa.
Ngenxa yobuzaza bobuqhetseba nobusela kwicandelo leeposi, ayikhuthazwa tu into yokuba umntu athumele imali eziinkozo ngeposi.
Ukuba ibhanki yakho yiFirst National Bank, ungasihlawula isohlwayo sakho kuwo nawuphi na umatshini wale bhanki ngokuthi usebenzise inombolo ekwitikiti leso sohlwayo.
Ukuba unomnqweno wokuhlawula ngosuku lokugqibela lokuhlawula okanye emva kolu suku,, ungakwenza oku ngokuthi uhlawule imali eziinkozo okanye ngetsheki eqinisekiswe yibhanki kwinkundla ekhankanywe kwelo tikiti (fumana ke idilesi kwesi sikhundla sineeNkundla zooMaspala). Kuya kufuneka uye ngokwakhe xa uhlawula esi sohlwayo, kwishumi elinesine leentsuku emva kosuku lokugqibela lokuhlawula. Ngolu suku lweshumi elinesine ke, ityala lakho liya kuchotshelwa enkundleni.
Ukuba akunamnqweno wakulihlawula eli tyala, kuya kufuneka uye kuvela enkundleni, ngokwakho, ngosuku obekelwe ukuvela ngalo enkundleni ngeenjongo zokuya kuzithethelela. Ukuba akuyi kuzithethelela, inkundla iya kukhupha isigunyaziso kokubanjwa kwakho uvalelwe kwesimnyama.
Ayikhgo indlela yokuhlawula amatikiti akhutshwe siSixeko saseKapa kwi-internet.
IUkuba ibhanki yakho yiFirst National Bank, ungasihlawula isohlwayo sakho sendlela kuwo nawuphi na umatshini wale bhanki ngokuthi usebenzise inombolo ekwelo tikiti.
Kuxhyomekeka ekubeni ufumene oluphi na uhlobo lwesohlwayo, Isigunyaziso Sokuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokungxamisekileyo okanye iTikiti leCandelo le-341, unesithuba esiphakathi kwamashumi amathathu eentsuku neenyanga ezine sokuhlawula itikiti lakho lesiphoso sendlela.
Isigunyaziso Sokuba Uvele Enkundleni Ngokungxamisekileyo linosuku oza kuvela ngalo enkundleni yaye uneentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuhlawula ukususela kusuku elikhutshwe ngalo eli tikiti, ukwenze oko kwisebe lezendlela elikhankanywe kwitikiti kwisigunyaziso eso. Ukuba uthi ulihlawule eli tikiti ngosuku omele ukuvela ngalo enkundleni, kuya kufuneka ukwenze ngokwakho oko enkundleni.
Ukuba uthi ufumane iTikiti leCandelo le-341, uneentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokuba isebe lezendlela likhuphe "iSaiziso Esiphambi Kwesigunyaziso Sokuvela Enkundleni", oya kuthi emva kokukhutshwa kwaso ube nezinye iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngaphambi kokukhutshwa kwalo myalelo ukugunyazisa ukuba uye kuvela enkundleni.
Emva kokukhutshwa komyalelo wokuvela enkundleni, unezinye iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu zokuhlawula itikiti lakho kwiSebe Lezendlela elikhankanywe apho. Emva kokudlula kwala mashumi amathathu eentsuku, unelinye ishumi elinesine leentsuku oliphiwayo lokuba uhlawule eli tikiti kwinkundla ekhanknywe kuloo myalelo.
Ngoko ke lilonke, unamalunga neenyanga ezine zokuba uhlawule isohlwayo sakho emva kokufumana itikiti leCandelo le-341.
Ukuba unomnqweno wokufaka isikhalazo ngesohlwayo sendlela osinikiweyo, thumela incwadi ecacisa izizathu zakho, ndawonye nekopi yeso sohlwayo sakho, kwiSebe Lezendlela laseGallows Hill. Usenakho kanti nokuzithumela ngefeksi ezi nkcukacha kule nombolo: 021 421 6607. Uya kuthi ufumane incwadi ke ekwazisa ngokuba eli sebe liyifumene incwadi yakho kwisithuba esimalunga neenyanga ezintathu emva koko.
uMlawuli Wemicimbi Yendlela Yendlela uya kuthi akuthumele le ncwadi yakho kwinkundla efanelekileyo. uMtshutshisi Woluntu okuloo nkundla uya kuthi asiqwalasele esi sohlwayo, nto leyo ithabatha ubuninzi iintsuku ezimbini, ze emva koko athumele isigqibo sakhe kuMlawuli Wemicimbi Yendllela, oua kuthi yena asibhale phantsi asigcine ezincwadini. Le inkqubo ke ithabatha malunga neeveki ezintathu. Xa ihlanganiswa yonke le nkqubo ithabatha iiveki ezintandathu.
Usenakho kanti nokuqhagamshelana noMtshutshini Woluntu ngokuthi uye ngqo kwinkundla ekhankanywe kweso sohlwayo. Ukuba uthe wafumana umyalelo okubizela enkundleni, kufuneka uqhagamshelane noMtshutshisi Woluntu ngaphambi kosuku lokuvela kwakho enkundleni.
Ukuba, umzekelo, wohlwaywe ngempazamo, ungaya kubhena ngalo mba enkundleni ngosuku obizelwe ukuya kuvela ngalo enkundleni kuloo myalelo.
Ukuba akuyi kuvela uzithethele enkundleni, inkundla iya kukhupha umyalelo ogunyazisa ukuba ubanjwe uvalelwe kwesimnyama, ngetyala lokudela inkundla.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.16234.16678.16678.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abafundi bafumana amava oqeqesho ngeli xesha besafunda kwiSebe LeZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko kusenziwa ngokwenkqubo yoqeqesho. Abaqeqeshwa aba baye bafakwe kwiinkalo ezithile zokuqeqeshwa befunda, baze bahlawulwe ngomsebenzi abawenzileyo.
Umqeqeshwa ngamnye uye angene kwisivumelwano kunye neSebe eli.
Ukufaka isicelo sokuqeqeshwa ufunda, kufuneka ube ubhaliswe kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo kungoku nje.
Ungadibana ne-Ofisi yeMicimbi yaBafundi yeSebe leZothutho neMisebenzi yoLuntu, oko ukwenza ngokudlula kumagosa emfundo akwidyunivesithi okanye kwiteknikon okuyo.
Kufuneka uthumele inceadi yembalelwano engqinisisa ukuba ubhalisiwe ngenene kuloo nkalo yemfundo uyikhankanyileyo kunye neCV yakho.
Ukuba kukho imfuneko yokuba umfundi lowo wenza izifundo ezizodwa kwinkalo ethile yezemfundo, iSetyana elo lichaphazelekayo kufuneka lenze, futhi liqhube udliwano-ndlebe olufutshane nomfaki-sicelo ze limthathe umqeqeshwa lowo.
Umbeki-liso uye adityaniswe nomqeqeshwa ngamnye ukuze abancede aze akhangele indlela abayiqhuba ngayo imisebenzi yabo yeesivumelwano esibophelelayo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.16234.6676.6676.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Indlela Yophuhliso Lwezakhono ijolise ekuboneleleni ngesikhokelo sokuphuhlisa nokufezekisa izicwangciso-maqhinga zamacandelo nezeendawo zempangelo zokuphucula izakhono zabasebenzi.
Irhafu Yezakhono Zabasebenzi yingxenye yale nkqubo, rhafu leyo esisixa semali ekufuneka abaqeshi bayihlawule kwiSARS ngeenjongo zokuphuhlisa izakhono zabasebenzi babo.
Iirhafu ezihlawulwa kwiSARS zifakwa kwingxowa-mali eyodwa. Ama-80% ale mali isuka kule ngxowa-mali isasazwa ngokuthi yahlulelwe Amaqumrhu Ajongene Noqeqesho Nemfundo Yabasebenzi (iiSETA ngamafuphi) ze ama-20% aseleyo adluliselwe kwiNgxaowa-mali Yesizwe Yezakhono. La maqumrhu anikezela ngeenkxaso-mali kubaqashi abathi baqashe Umntu oza kujongana Nophuhliso Lwezakhono kuqeqesho lwabasebenzi. Le Ngxowa-mali Yesizwe Yezakhono ixhasa nhgezimali amaphulo ajongene neenkqubo zophuhliso lwezakhono ezingaqhutywa zezi SETA.
Umqeshi angafumana imbuyekezo efikelela kumashumi amahlanu ekhulwini nangaphezulu eerhafu ezihlawulwe yiSETA okanye yiNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yezakhono ukuze loo mali isetyenziswe ekuqeqesheni nasekuphuhliseni izakhono zabasebenzi bakhe.
Iqumrhu Lesizwe Elijongene Nezakhono nelibeka esweni ukufezekiswa Kwesicwangciso-qhinga Sesizwe Sophuhliso Lwezakhono.
Ngubani ekufuneka ehlawule le rhafu?
Ingaba kufuneka uhlawule malini?
Uyifumana njani iNkxaso-mali Yophuhliso Lwezakhono?
Uhlawula ngaphezu kwama-R250 000 ngonyaka kwimivuzo yabaqeshwa bakho (nokuba ababhaliswanga kwi-SARS).
Kufuneka uhlawule ipesenti enye yemali epheleleyo ehlawulwa kwimivuzo yabaqeshwa (kuquka nentlawulo yexesha elongezelelweyo, intlawulo yekhefu, imali eyongezelelweyo, imali yesibonelelo kulowo ebenze umsebenzi kunye nentlawulo yezixa-mali).
Ungayifumana imbuyekezo kwiSETA okanye ke kwigxowa-mali Yesizwe Yezakhono ukuze uyisebenzisele uqeqesho nophuhliso lwezakhono zabaqeshwa bakho.
Ube uzihlawule iirhafu Zophuhliso Lwezakhono.
Ube unaye umntu oza kujongana Nophuhliso Lwezakhono.
Uthobele yonke imithetho nemimiselo ekulo Mthetho.
Okanye ke uqhagamshelane ngqo nabanye babalawuli kuqeqesho kushishino.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.17200.9671.9671.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-LRAD ijolise kubantu abaMnyama, kwaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo, ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, kwaye akukho mfuneko yookuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncediso-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ngubani ofanele kulufumana olu ncediso-mali?
Ukunika abantu ababefudula besingelwe phantsi amathuba angcono okufumana imihlaba yolimo.
Ukuncedisa abantu abahlala kwimimandla yasemaphandleni ngeendlela zokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba okhoyo usetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo.
The IPhulo le-LRAD liphulwana lenkqubo yokwabiwa ngokutsha komhlaba liSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba. Lijoliswe ngokukodwa ekunikezeleni ngomhlaba kumafama amnyama ngenjongo yokulimela ukuziphilisa okanye intengiso yaye liqhutywa ngentsebenziswano liSebe lezeMihlaba nelezoLimo.
I-LRAD izama ukuphelisa ukungcola okwenziwa kumakhosikazi okwakufudula kusenzeka phaya phambili, ngokuphathelele ke kumathuba okufikelela nawokufumana umhlaba ongowawo. Amakhosikazi ke ngoko ayakwazi ngoku ukuba afake izicelo zoncedo-mali lwawo ngokwawo nje umntu eyedwa, engafuni njengengxenye yosapho.
I-LRAD ijoliswe kuBantu abaMnyama, yaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente likhutshwa simahla yaye akukho mfuneka yakuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo bafake izandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane, galelo elo liya kuthi lincedise kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncedo-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ukuze umfaki-sicelo abufumane ubuncinane boncedo-mali olungama-R20,000, kufuneka naye afake isandla ngemali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane; kanti ke xa umntu enokwenza igalelo lama-R400,000 angalufumana luphelele lonke uncediso-mali olufika kuma-R100,000 apho luphela khona.
Olu ncedo-mali lungasetyenziselwa ukuthenga umhlaba, ukuthenga izibonelelo zokuncedisa kumalinge olimo, ekwenzeni amagalelo exeshana elifutshane kwezolimo, nasekuphuculeni imeko yomhlaba wolimo, xa ngaba lowo ufaka isicelo ngumntu osele enawo umhlaba wolimo. Kanti ke umntu unakho nokuba angafaka isicelo soncediso-mali, ukuba ngaba unomhlaba awuqeshileyo kungoku nje, khona ukuze awuthenge ekuhambeni kwethuba ube ngowakhe.
ISebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba liza kuqinisekisa ukuba abafak-izicelo abafuna uncedo bayalunikwa uncedo lokuba badityaniswe nabagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi abaya kuthi ke babanike uncedo ekucwangciseni nasekuqhubeni iiprojekthi ezi. ISebe eli liya kubahlawula ngokwalo abo bagunyaziswa bangabacwangcisi xa ngaba bathe bakhethwa ngale ndlela. Loo nto ke ayisayi kuluchaphazela nganto uncediso-mali abanokuthi balufumane.
Abafaki-zocelo abanakho ukuba bangazifunela abagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi, bakwazi nokubahlawula ngokwabo, bangakwenza oko bengadanga baba baqala ngokudlana iindlebe neSebe eli. Loo nto kunjalo nje ingathatyathwa njengokuba ligalelo athe umntu walenza.
Ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphezu kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala abasuka kwiindawo ebezifudula zisingelwe phantsi ngokwamalungelo abaya kuqwalaselwa kolu ncedo-mali. Nakubeni kunokuba ngcono kakhulu xa abafaki-zicelo bengabantu abanamava kwezolimo, loo nto asingomqathango ubekwa njengemfuneko. Abantu abakhe balufumana uncedo-mali (lwe-R16,000) kwiSebe eli nabo bangazifaka izicelo kwakhona, kodwa izicelo eziya kuqala ziqwalaselwe zezo zabo bantu baqalayo ukufaka izicelo. Loo mali anokuyinikwa umntu njengoncediso-mali iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni oluya wayelufumene kuqala uncedo-mali lona lwalungakanani na.
Olu xwebhu luqulunqwe ngeenjongo zokunceda abafundi ngenkcazelo emalunga nephulo le-LRAD, nkcazelo leyo efana neenjongo zalo, nezona ndawo ziziziganga eziphambili apha kulo. Kananjalo luya kubanceda abafundi ekuziboneni ukuba ngaba bangakwazi na ukuthatha inxaxheba kweli phulo, nokuba bangenza njani na xa befaka izicelo zoncedo-mali olufumaneka ngokusebenzisa eli phulo.
Kananjalo olu xwebhu luya kubanika izikhokelo abafundi kule nkqubo okanye kulo mjikelo weeprojekthi ekuceetyiswa ukuba ulandelwe kuzo zonke iiprojekthi ze-LRAD, yaye luya kungenisa nesinye isigama esisetyenziswayo, namagama nezilungiselelo zakwaRhulumente eziyingxenye yeli phulo le-LRAD.
Xa ufuna ukwenza isicelo soncediso-mali, kufuneka ukuba uye kucela ifomu yokwenza isicelo kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezoLimo okanye kweyeleMicimbi yoMhlaba ekufutshane kuwe. Emva kokuba amagosa eSebe lezoLimo eye ayivavanyisisa le ngcinga ifomu yobhaliso iya kuthunyelwa kwi-ofisi yeSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba yesithili apho ke umcwangcisi aya kuthi ayiqwalasele iprojekthi leyo. Amagosa eSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba nawelezoLimo aya kuthi alungiselele iindibano zengcaciso nabo bbonke abo bachaphazelekayo ngenxaxheba yabo, ze ke athi apho kukho imfuneko yoko anyule nomgunyaziswa ongumcwangcisi oya kuthi ancedise ngocwangciso lweprojekthi leyo.
IBhanki yezeMihlaba iya kuba yiyo elawula uncedo-mali lwe-LRAD ukuba ngaba abafaki-zicelo bafaka izicelo zemali-mboleko yeBhanki yezeMihlaba okanye banqwenela ukuthenga umhlaba ongoweBhanki yezeMihlaba. Abo bahambe kakuhle kwizicelo zabo banokuthi ke uncediso-mali lwe-LRAD balufumane ngqo ngeBhanki yeziMihlaba. Kwiimeko ezinjalo ke, le fomu yesicelo izaliswe yagqitywa kufuneka ukuba ifakwe kwiBhanki yeziMihlaba ekufutshane okanye kwisetyana layo elikufutshane.
Izicwangciso zoshishino ezigqityiweyo ziya kuthi ziphicothwe phaya ezithilini, nto leyo ke ethi ilishunqule kakhulu ixesha ekufuneka lithatyathwe ekuqhutyweni kweeprojekthi leyo. Kuthi ke nje ukuba kubonwe ukuba iprojekthi leyo noko ingamkelwa njengeprojekthi enokwenzeka, uMlawuli wePhondo weMicimbi yoMhlaba akhuphe ugunyaziso lokuba uncediso-mali olo maluhlawulwe.
Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, yaye akukho mfuneko yokuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi okanye zezolimo. Imali eninzi esuka kumfaki-sicelo lwenza ukuba noncedo-mali olo lube luninzi. Ukufumana esona sixa sincinci soncedo-mali esiyi-R20,000, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka ancedise ngamaR5,000, ngelixa igalelo eliyi-R400,000 lifuneka ukuze umfaki-sicelo afumane esona sixa sikhulu soncedo-mali esiyi-R100,000.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.17200.9671.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-LRAD ijolise kubantu abaMnyama, kwaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo, ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, kwaye akukho mfuneko yookuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncediso-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ngubani ofanele kulufumana olu ncediso-mali?
Ukunika abantu ababefudula besingelwe phantsi amathuba angcono okufumana imihlaba yolimo.
Ukuncedisa abantu abahlala kwimimandla yasemaphandleni ngeendlela zokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba okhoyo usetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo.
The IPhulo le-LRAD liphulwana lenkqubo yokwabiwa ngokutsha komhlaba liSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba. Lijoliswe ngokukodwa ekunikezeleni ngomhlaba kumafama amnyama ngenjongo yokulimela ukuziphilisa okanye intengiso yaye liqhutywa ngentsebenziswano liSebe lezeMihlaba nelezoLimo.
I-LRAD izama ukuphelisa ukungcola okwenziwa kumakhosikazi okwakufudula kusenzeka phaya phambili, ngokuphathelele ke kumathuba okufikelela nawokufumana umhlaba ongowawo. Amakhosikazi ke ngoko ayakwazi ngoku ukuba afake izicelo zoncedo-mali lwawo ngokwawo nje umntu eyedwa, engafuni njengengxenye yosapho.
I-LRAD ijoliswe kuBantu abaMnyama, yaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente likhutshwa simahla yaye akukho mfuneka yakuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo bafake izandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane, galelo elo liya kuthi lincedise kwiindleko zabasebenzi nezezixhobo zokusebenza. Xa igalelo lalowo ufaka isicelo lithe kratya, luthi kratya noncedo-mali lukaRhulumente.
Ukuze umfaki-sicelo abufumane ubuncinane boncedo-mali olungama-R20,000, kufuneka naye afake isandla ngemali engama-R5,000 ubuncinane; kanti ke xa umntu enokwenza igalelo lama-R400,000 angalufumana luphelele lonke uncediso-mali olufika kuma-R100,000 apho luphela khona.
Olu ncedo-mali lungasetyenziselwa ukuthenga umhlaba, ukuthenga izibonelelo zokuncedisa kumalinge olimo, ekwenzeni amagalelo exeshana elifutshane kwezolimo, nasekuphuculeni imeko yomhlaba wolimo, xa ngaba lowo ufaka isicelo ngumntu osele enawo umhlaba wolimo. Kanti ke umntu unakho nokuba angafaka isicelo soncediso-mali, ukuba ngaba unomhlaba awuqeshileyo kungoku nje, khona ukuze awuthenge ekuhambeni kwethuba ube ngowakhe.
ISebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba liza kuqinisekisa ukuba abafak-izicelo abafuna uncedo bayalunikwa uncedo lokuba badityaniswe nabagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi abaya kuthi ke babanike uncedo ekucwangciseni nasekuqhubeni iiprojekthi ezi. ISebe eli liya kubahlawula ngokwalo abo bagunyaziswa bangabacwangcisi xa ngaba bathe bakhethwa ngale ndlela. Loo nto ke ayisayi kuluchaphazela nganto uncediso-mali abanokuthi balufumane.
Abafaki-zocelo abanakho ukuba bangazifunela abagunyaziswa abangabacwangcisi, bakwazi nokubahlawula ngokwabo, bangakwenza oko bengadanga baba baqala ngokudlana iindlebe neSebe eli. Loo nto kunjalo nje ingathatyathwa njengokuba ligalelo athe umntu walenza.
Ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphezu kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala abasuka kwiindawo ebezifudula zisingelwe phantsi ngokwamalungelo abaya kuqwalaselwa kolu ncedo-mali. Nakubeni kunokuba ngcono kakhulu xa abafaki-zicelo bengabantu abanamava kwezolimo, loo nto asingomqathango ubekwa njengemfuneko. Abantu abakhe balufumana uncedo-mali (lwe-R16,000) kwiSebe eli nabo bangazifaka izicelo kwakhona, kodwa izicelo eziya kuqala ziqwalaselwe zezo zabo bantu baqalayo ukufaka izicelo. Loo mali anokuyinikwa umntu njengoncediso-mali iya kuxhomekeka ekubeni oluya wayelufumene kuqala uncedo-mali lona lwalungakanani na.
Olu xwebhu luqulunqwe ngeenjongo zokunceda abafundi ngenkcazelo emalunga nephulo le-LRAD, nkcazelo leyo efana neenjongo zalo, nezona ndawo ziziziganga eziphambili apha kulo. Kananjalo luya kubanceda abafundi ekuziboneni ukuba ngaba bangakwazi na ukuthatha inxaxheba kweli phulo, nokuba bangenza njani na xa befaka izicelo zoncedo-mali olufumaneka ngokusebenzisa eli phulo.
Kananjalo olu xwebhu luya kubanika izikhokelo abafundi kule nkqubo okanye kulo mjikelo weeprojekthi ekuceetyiswa ukuba ulandelwe kuzo zonke iiprojekthi ze-LRAD, yaye luya kungenisa nesinye isigama esisetyenziswayo, namagama nezilungiselelo zakwaRhulumente eziyingxenye yeli phulo le-LRAD.
Xa ufuna ukwenza isicelo soncediso-mali, kufuneka ukuba uye kucela ifomu yokwenza isicelo kwi-ofisi yeSebe lezoLimo okanye kweyeleMicimbi yoMhlaba ekufutshane kuwe. Emva kokuba amagosa eSebe lezoLimo eye ayivavanyisisa le ngcinga ifomu yobhaliso iya kuthunyelwa kwi-ofisi yeSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba yesithili apho ke umcwangcisi aya kuthi ayiqwalasele iprojekthi leyo. Amagosa eSebe leMicimbi yoMhlaba nawelezoLimo aya kuthi alungiselele iindibano zengcaciso nabo bbonke abo bachaphazelekayo ngenxaxheba yabo, ze ke athi apho kukho imfuneko yoko anyule nomgunyaziswa ongumcwangcisi oya kuthi ancedise ngocwangciso lweprojekthi leyo.
IBhanki yezeMihlaba iya kuba yiyo elawula uncedo-mali lwe-LRAD ukuba ngaba abafaki-zicelo bafaka izicelo zemali-mboleko yeBhanki yezeMihlaba okanye banqwenela ukuthenga umhlaba ongoweBhanki yezeMihlaba. Abo bahambe kakuhle kwizicelo zabo banokuthi ke uncediso-mali lwe-LRAD balufumane ngqo ngeBhanki yeziMihlaba. Kwiimeko ezinjalo ke, le fomu yesicelo izaliswe yagqitywa kufuneka ukuba ifakwe kwiBhanki yeziMihlaba ekufutshane okanye kwisetyana layo elikufutshane.
Izicwangciso zoshishino ezigqityiweyo ziya kuthi ziphicothwe phaya ezithilini, nto leyo ke ethi ilishunqule kakhulu ixesha ekufuneka lithatyathwe ekuqhutyweni kweeprojekthi leyo. Kuthi ke nje ukuba kubonwe ukuba iprojekthi leyo noko ingamkelwa njengeprojekthi enokwenzeka, uMlawuli wePhondo weMicimbi yoMhlaba akhuphe ugunyaziso lokuba uncediso-mali olo maluhlawulwe.
Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, yaye akukho mfuneko yokuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha imali engama-R5,000, ubuncinane, igalelo elo ke eliya kuncedisa kwiindleko zabasebenzi okanye zezolimo. Imali eninzi esuka kumfaki-sicelo lwenza ukuba noncedo-mali olo lube luninzi. Ukufumana esona sixa sincinci soncedo-mali esiyi-R20,000, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka ancedise ngamaR5,000, ngelixa igalelo eliyi-R400,000 lifuneka ukuze umfaki-sicelo afumane esona sixa sikhulu soncedo-mali esiyi-R100,000.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.27438.133036.133036.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
iSebe Lemicimbi Yendalo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso linikezela ngeenkxaso-mali zokufunda isigxina ezifikelela kwisihlanu ngonyaka kumacandelo apho kusafuneka izakhono. Ngo-2006, umzekelo, kubekho iinkxaso-mali zokufunda kwicandelo locwangciso-zidolophu kwanezamagosa ajongana nendalo engqongileyo.
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Zizifundo, iincwadi, indawo yokuhlala nokuhamba-hamba ngexesha lezi zifundo. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zezokufunda kwelinye yeeteknioni okanye iidynvesithi ezaziwayo apha kwiNtshona Kapa Ukuba uthi utshone unyaka, kuya kufuneka uphinde ngemali yakho, ze emva kokuba uwuphumelele ke loo nyaka uzihlawulela ngawo, ibuyiswe le nkxaso-mali. Ungasifaka isicelo senye imali (yezixhobo umzekelo) ukuba ukunika isizathu soko.
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zinikezelwa phantsi kwemeko yokuba umxhaswa lo abe uza kuyibuyisa le mali ngokuthi asebenzele eli sebe, ngamanye amazwi ke, kuya kufuneka usebenze kweli phondo isithuba seminyaka elingana naleyo uxhaswe ngayo ngezimali.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.27438.133036.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo?
iSebe Lemicimbi Yendalo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso linikezela ngeenkxaso-mali zokufunda isigxina ezifikelela kwisihlanu ngonyaka kumacandelo apho kusafuneka izakhono. Ngo-2006, umzekelo, kubekho iinkxaso-mali zokufunda kwicandelo locwangciso-zidolophu kwanezamagosa ajongana nendalo engqongileyo.
Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda?
Zizifundo, iincwadi, indawo yokuhlala nokuhamba-hamba ngexesha lezi zifundo. Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zezokufunda kwelinye yeeteknioni okanye iidynvesithi ezaziwayo apha kwiNtshona Kapa Ukuba uthi utshone unyaka, kuya kufuneka uphinde ngemali yakho, ze emva kokuba uwuphumelele ke loo nyaka uzihlawulela ngawo, ibuyiswe le nkxaso-mali. Ungasifaka isicelo senye imali (yezixhobo umzekelo) ukuba ukunika isizathu soko.
Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali?
Ezi nkxaso-mali ke zinikezelwa phantsi kwemeko yokuba umxhaswa lo abe uza kuyibuyisa le mali ngokuthi asebenzele eli sebe, ngamanye amazwi ke, kuya kufuneka usebenze kweli phondo isithuba seminyaka elingana naleyo uxhaswe ngayo ngezimali.
Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali?
Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo?
Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.42570.21517.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Xa ishishini libonakalisa ukuphila kombono walo, kwenkqubo, igama okanye imveliso, lingalikhusela eli xabiso ze lithintele nabanye abantu ekubeni bafumane iinzuzo zemali ndawo ngokuthi libhalise lo mbono njengelungelo layo eliyimveliso yeengcinga.
ukubhaliswa kwegama ukubhaliswa kobuchule ukubhaliswa kwemveliso ilungelo lobunini.
Ukubhaliswa kwegama kwenzelwa ukukhusela igama leshishini elo, umzekelo, uphawu loshishino. Xa sele ulibhalsile igama akukho namnye umntu onokulisebenzisa okanye asebenzise uphawu oluyeleleneyo kakhulu kulo.
Ukuchaswa kokubhaliswa kophawu lweshishini.
Ungayibhalias imveliso yakho yobuchule ngeenjongo zokuthintela abanye abantu ekubeni bakope loo ndlela uyenze ngayo, ukumila kwayo, inkangeleko, uhlobo, ukudalwa okanye ukubunjwa kwaloo mveliso.
Iinkcukacha ngeemveliso ezinokubhaliswa nokuba ungayibhalisa njani na imveliso yakho ziyafumaneka kwiwebsite yeCIPRO.
Ungayibhalisa imveliso yakho ukuthintela abanye abantu ekubeni baphinde bayivelise njengeyabo. Le ke ingayimveliso eveliswe ngobuchule obukhulu, inkqubo entsha okanye indlela entsha yokusombulula iingxaki ezilkumila kuthila. Ukuthintela ukuphinda kuveliswe imveliso yakho kuthetha ukuba loo mveliso ayinakuphinda iveliswe, isetyenziswe, isasazwe okanye ithengiswe ngeenjongo zokufumana iinzuzo zemali ngaphandle kokufumana imvume yomnini-yo.
Iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngokuba uyibhalisa njani na imveliso yakho nokuba ungalufumana njani uncedo ekubhaliseni le mveliso luyafumaneka kwiwebsite yeCIPRO.
Xa ubhale incwadi, wenze umzobo, waqamba ingonyana, wabhala inkqubo yekhompyutha okanye wenze umboniso-bhanya-bhanya okanye wenze ze ugcine amazwi omdlalo kwikhamera, sele unelungelo kuloo msebenzi njengemveliso yengqondo yakho.
Imveliso yengqondo iba kuphela kwimeko apho umsebenzi lowo ubhalwe phantsi okanye ugcinwe kwizixhobo zokugcina iimveliso zelizwi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.46640.46315.46315.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Nokukhangela izibhengezo zakho zokuhlaziya kwakunhye neziqinisekiso zentlawulo yerhafu zeebhokisi zeposi kwakunye nezo zengxowa yeposi yabucala.
Lawula isikhundla nedilesi yakho.
Faka isicelo senkonzo yebhokisi entsha yeposi okanye esengxowa yabucala yeposi.
Bhalisa ngoku ze ube sendleleni yokuphucula ubomi bakho.
i-Ofisi Yeposi yoMzantsi Afrika inoxanduva olusuka eluntwini lokuba inike ikhaya ngalinye idilesi. Okwangoku le ofisi ithumela malunga neepasile ezizizigidi ezintandathu ngosuku kwizitalato ezimalunga nezigidi ezintathu namakhulu amahlanu amawaka neebhokisi zeposi ezimalunga nezigidi ezimbini kwilizwe ngokubanziUmgaqo-nkqubo wale Ofisi Yeposi wokuthumela iipasile okwangoku uthi zonke iidilesi zokuqala zeposi zinikezelwa simahla eluntwini - kuquka amafama nabanini bamashishini asakhasayo.
Zonke iingingqi apho iipasile zeposi zithunyelwa kwinombolo yesitalato (nokuba umnini-yo sele sele enomnqweno wokuyisebenzisa okanye ngenawo).
Iibhokisi zeedilesi kwiingingqi zingenakuthunyelwa kwiinombolo zeedilesi khona iipasile zeposi.
Iibhokisi zeposi kwiingingqi kungakwazekiyo ukuthumela iipasile zeposi kwinombolo yesitalato, umzelelo kwiifama.
Iibhokisi zeposi kwiingingqi aphokungekho zidilesi zezitalato, nto leyo inyanzelisa abantu ukuba baqeshe iibhokisi zeposi.
Ukuba umntu lowo uhlala kwingingqi zithunyelwayo iipasile zeposi kwidilesi yesitalato, kodwa akhethe ukusebenzisa ibhokisi yeposi.
Ukuba umntu othile uhlala kwingingqi iibhokisi zeposi zinikezelwa njengedilesi yokuqala yeposi, ze yena akhethe ukuba nenye ibhokisi yesibini.
Ukuqeshwa kweebhokisi zeposi kuqala ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yoMqungu kuye kuma ngomhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kweyoMnga kunyaka ngamnye yaye kufuneka kuhlawulelwe ngaphambi komhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwakule nyanga yoMnga. Ingxenye yekota yonyaka ithatyathwa njengekota epheleleyo yonyaka.
Xa kuqeshwa ibhokisi, umqeshi lowo uye anikwe izitshixo ezimbini emva kokuba ekhuphe intlawulo yokuqala yezitshixo kwakunye nentlawulo yokuqesha (ukuba kuyimfuneko oko). Le ntlawulo yokuqala yezitshixo iyabuyiswa emva kokurhoxiswa kwale nkonzo ze nezitshixo zabuyiselwa kumphathi-posi. Ukuba isitshixo esithile sithe salahleka, kufuneka kuxelelwe umphathi-posi ngoko nangoko ukuze kufakelwe izixhobo sokutshixa esitsha kule bhokisi. Umqeshi wale bhokisi ke nguye onoxanduva lokhlawula le mali yesixhobo nesitshixo esitsha (khawubuze kumphathi-posi ukuze ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha).
Izaziso ezineekhowudi zokuhlaziywa kweebhokisi zeposi, iibhokisi zedilesi kwakunye neengxowa zeposi yabucala zifakwa ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga yerNkanga yaye kufuneka zibuyiswe ngaphambi komhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yoMqungu kweyona ofisi ikufutshane nomgfaki-sicelo. Umntu usenakho noyikuhlaziya ibhokisi yakhe yeposi ngokuthi afumane iphetshana lesicelo sokuhlaziya elingenakhowudi ukuba uthe walilahla elo linekhowudi ebelithunyelwe. Ukuba umntu uthi angakwazi ukubuyisa iphetshana lesaziso sokuhlaziya eliphuma rhoqo ngonyaka kwanokukhupha intlawulo yokuqesha (xa kuyimfuneka) ngaphambi komhla wamashumi amathathu ananye kwinyanga yoMqungu kuya kukhokelela ekuvalweni kwaloo mbhokisi yeposi.
I-Ofisi Yeposi iya kubuyisela iipasile ezifika eposini, ngentlawulo engephi, kubantu abasuka kwenye ingingqi baye kuhlala kwenye ukuba bathi bagcwalise iphetshana lesicelo sokuthunyelwa kwenye idilesi kweepasile eziseposini ze bazithumele kweyona ofisi yeposi ikufutshane nabo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.7296.21273.21273.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ingxowa-mali le ibanceda njani abaqeshwa?
Abasebenzi bangafaka ibango lemali engakanani?
Ungasifumana isongezelelo xa sele uzisebenzisile izibonelelo zakho?
Le ngxowa-mali ibonelela ngoncedo lwezimali lwexeshana kubasebenzi xa bephelelwa yimisebenzi okanye abasakwazi kusebenza ngenxa yokugula, ukuphumla okwexeshana emsebenzini ngenxa yokufumana umntwana kubazali bakhe bemvelo njengomzali omtsha. Le Ngxowa-mali ikwabanceda abantu abebexhomekeke kumsebenzi oncedisayo kuyo, ongasekhoyo.
Bonke abasebenzi abasebenza iiyure ezingaphezu kwama-24 ngenyanga (ngaphandle kwabasebenzi bakaRhulumente) kufuneka bencedisile kwiNgxowa-mali Yokhuseleko Lwabangasaphangeliyo.
Abasebenzi bahlawula I-1% yemivuzo yabo nyanga nganye. Abaqeshi babo nabo bancedisa ngenye i-1%. Kuluxanduva lwabaqeshi ukutsala le-1% kwimivuzo yabasebenzi babo nyanga nganye ze bayihlawule kuleNgxowa-mali ikhatshwa yesuka kubo bona baqeshi.
Umqeshi usenoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abaqeshwa balisiwe kule Ngxowa-mali. Ukuba umqeshwa ubhalisile yaye nemali esuka kuye iyahlawulwa, loo mqeshwa unako ukufaka ibango kwiNgxowa-mali le. Umqeshwa akadingi khadi okanye nasiphi na isiqinisekiso esibonisa ukuba uncedisile kwingxowa-mali le.
Abaqeshwa ababhalisiweyo kwiNgxowa-mali Yokhuseleko Lwabangasasebenziyo (UIF ngamafutshane) yaye abebesoloko bencedisa kule ngxowa-mali, banokufaka amabango kule ngoxowa-mali xa bephelelwa yimisebenzi okanye bengenako ukuphinda basebenze.
Ungalifaka ibango lokubonelelwa kuba ungasaphangeli ukuba ugxothiwe okanye udendiwe okanye ukuba isibophelelo sokusenzela loo mqeshi siphelile. Awukwazi kufaka bango ukuba uziyekele kuloo msebenzi.
Unokufaka ibango lezibonelelo kuba ugula xa ungaphangeli ngenxa yokugula de iiveki zibe mbini. Izibonelelo zihlawulelwa ukusuka ngosuku ogqibelise ngalo emsebenzini.
Izibonelelo Zokubeleka zingafakelwa ukuba ukhulelwe ze uthathe ikhefu lokuba ukhulelwe. Ungalithatha ikhefu lokukhulelwa nanini na ukusuka kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku ekulindeleke ukuba umntwana avele ngalo okanye unkungasebenzi iiveki de zibe ntandathu emva kokuvela komntwana.
Unokufaka ibango lezibonelelo zokuhoyana nomntwana osanda kumfumana kubazali bemvelo ngokusemthethweni njengomzali omtsha ukuba wamkela umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala futhi ushiya umsebenzi kuba usiya kuhoyana naye. Inokuba ngumzali omnye kuphela kwaba bafumene lo mntwana ofaka isicelo sezibonelelo.
Inkosikazi/umyeni okanye umntwana oselula womntu ongasekhoyo angafaka ibango lelezibonelelo zokuswelekelwa ukuba lo ungasekhoyo ebencedisa kule Ngxowa-mali.
Ukuba ubusoloko uncedisa kuleNgxowa-mali de kube yiminyaka emine okanye ngaphezulu, ungafaka ibango leentsuku ezingama-238. Ukuba uncedise ixesha elincinci kunoku, oko kuthethe ukuba unokubanga usuku olunye ngeentsuku ezintandathu ozisebenzileyo ngelixa uncedisa kwiNgxowa-mali le.
Ukuba uthatha ikhefu kuba ukhulelwe, unokubanga iintsuku ezide zibe ngama-121.
Ingxowa-mali le ibhatala ipesenti ethile yomvuzo obuwufumana ngelixa ubuncedisa kuyo. Esona sixa sikhulu sinokuze sihlawulwe yi-58% yomvuzo obuwufumana ngosuku.
Ukuba awukaqeshwa, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-UF139, uxela zonke iindawo ozame ukufuna umsebenzi kuzo. Eli phetshana ke kuza kufuneka lingeniswe kwiSebe LeMisebenzi.
Ukuba iSebe leMisebenzi licinga ukuba kukho izizathu ezibambekayo zokuba uphinde ufumane ezinye izibonelelo, liza kusiphumeza isicelo sakho kodwa oku akwenzeki rhoqo.
Uncedise kule ngxowa-mali iminyaka engaphezu kwemine.
Ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango kule ngxowa-mali kufuneka uye kwiZiko leMisebenzi elifutshane nawe. Apho uya kucelwa ukuba utyikitye inceadi ekugcinwa kuyo iinkcukacha zabantu abangasaphangeliyo. Uya kuxelelwa ukuba kufuneka uphinde ubuye nini. Kuya kufuneka utyikitye kanye rhoqo kwiiveki ezine ukubonisa ukuba usafuna ukufaka ibango lezibonelelo ze-UIF.
Kufuneka ubuyele kule ofisi utyikitye incwadi ekugcinwa kuyo iinkcukacha zabantu abangasaphangeliyo ngosuku oluchanekileyo. Ukuba uyagula, kufuneka uye nesiqinisekiso esisuka kugqirha wakho esixela ukuba wena uyagula kwiziko lemisebenzi.
Uya kunikwa ikhadi elimhlophe, eliza kutyikitywa ligosa le-UIF ngalo lonke ixesha utyikitya kula ncwadi yabangasaphangeliyo.
Ukuba yonke into ingendlela, kuza kufuneka uqale ukufumana imali kule Ngxowa-mali ngeeveki ezi-8 ubhalisile. Imali leyo iya kufakwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezi-4, de kube kanti zonke izibonelelo zisetyenzisiwe.
Ukuba awuyifumani imali yakho kwiiveki ezi-8, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba iZiko leMisebenzi ubacele ukuba bajongisise ukuba kutheni ilibazisekile imali leyo. Khumbula ukunikezela ngegama lakho nenombolo yencwadi yakho yesazisi.
Uya kufumana isiqinisekiso sokuhlawulwa ngalo lonke ixesha ufumana imali ukuze wazi ukuba sele ufumene malini yaye useza kufumana malini.
Ukuya kuqeqesho okanye uncedo ngomsebenzi ukuba igosa le-UIF likucela ukuba wenze njalo.
Kufuneka ufune ukusebenza xa umsebenzi uvela. Ukuba unikwa umsebenzi, kufuneka ukulungele ukusebenza.
Yiya kwiinkampani ezalhukeneyo ufune umsebenzi. Uya kufumana iphetshana lesicelo ekufuneka lityikityiwe elibonisa ukuba uyile waya kufuna umsebenzi yaye bekungekabikho zithuba zivelayo.
Kufuneka ulande izibonelelo zakho zokungaphangeli kwi-ofisi yeMisebenzi. Kufuneka uye kuyilanda ngokwakho imali leyo yaye kufuneka ube uphethe ikhadi lakho elimhlophe kunye nencwadana yakho yesazisi.
Ukufaka isicelo sizibonelelo zokugula, kufuneka ubhalise kwi- Ziko lemiSebenzi elikufutshane nawe. Ukuba ugula kangangokuba ungakwazi kuya ngokwakho kule ofisi, isihlobo okanye ilingu losapho lingalifumana iphetshan eli lesicelo kule ofisi ze likunike ulityikitye. Iphetshana lesicelo elityikityiweyo kufuneka libuyiselwe kwi-Ofisi yeisebenzi.
Kufuneka futhi ungenise isiqinisekiso esisuka kugqirha esixela ukuba wena uyagula (sifakwe kwiphetshan lesicelo u-UF86). Kufuneka ufumane ugqirha wakho agcwalise icandelo elifuna yena kweli phetshana u-UF86 ze ulingenise kwigosa lamabango e-UIF kwiZiko leMisebenzi. Isebe leMisebenzi liyakusiqwalasela isicelo sakho ze likuthumele ngeposi iphetshan lesicelo u-UF87. Kufuneka uligcwalise eli phetshana yaye nogqirha wakho kufuneka elityikityile. Emva koko uyalinikezela nalo eli phetshana kwakweli gosa lamabango.
Uya kuhlawulwa izibonelelo zexesha ugqirha akuyalele ukuba ungaphangeli ngalo kodwa hayi iiveki ezimbini zokuqala kwakho ukungasebenzi. Uya kuhlawulelwa nexesha ongakhange ufumane mvuzo wesiqhelo ngalo kumqeshi wakho.
Khumbula, awunakuzihlawulelwa izibonelelo zokugula ukuba ukugula kwakho kungenxa yokungaziphathi kakuhle kwakho okanye ukuba wala ukunyangwa ungenazizathu zibambekayo okanye awuyilandeli imiyalelo kagqirha.
Ukuba ulahlekelwe ngumsebenzi kwangelixa uguIa kangangokuba ungakwazi nokusebenza, kufuneka ulazise ngoku igosa lamabango kuba ungakwakwazi nokufaka ibango lokungabi namsebenzi kwixesha elingelilo eli lezibonelelo zokugula kwakho.
Ukuze ube nako ukufaka ibango lezibonelelo zokukhulelwa, kufuneka ubhalise kwi-Ofisi yeMisebenzi ufumane isiqinisekiso sokuba uyagula ze ulifake kugqirha wakho.
nesiqinisekiso sokunikezela ngeenkonzo zakho kumqeshi nobungqina beenkcukacha zakho zebhanki nesiqinisekiso sesixa osifumene kumqeshi ngexesha lekhefu lokukhulelwa nephetshan lesicelo eligcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo.
Ibango eli liya kuhlawulwa ngetsheki oya kuyiposelwa.
Ukuze ube ufaka isicelo sezibonelelo emva kokuzalwa komntwana, kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-UF95 unikezele nangeenkcukacha zogqirha oncedise ekubelekweni kwaloo mntwana.
Ukuba awukafumani msebenzi, kufuneka wazise igosa lamabango.
Ukuba ufuna ukufaka ibango lezibonelelo ngenxa yokuhoyana nalo mntwana, kufuneka ubhalise kwigosa lamabango elikwiZiko Labasebenzii elikufutshane nawe.
nesiqinisekiso sokunikezela ngeenkonzo zakho kumqeshi nobungqina beenkcukacha zakho zebhanki nesiqinisekiso sesixa osifumene kumqeshi ngexesha lekhefu lokukhulelwa nesiqinisekiso sosuku lokuzalwa komntwana lowo.
Kufuneka ufake isicelo sezibonelelo kwiinyanga ezintandatthu zokuqala umfumene umntwana lowo.
Izibonelelo zokuhoyana nomntwana ocelwe kubazali bakhe ukuba ube lilungu losapho olutsha zihlawulwa ngetsheki ze ziposwe. Iphetshana lsicelo liya kukhapha lo ntlawulo. Elui phetshana kufuneka ligcwaliswe ze lithunyelwe kwigosa lamabango kwiziko lemisebenzi.
Umyeni okanye inkosikazi yaloo msebenzi ungasekhoyo okanye nabaphi na abantwana abaselula baloo msebenzi banokufaka amabango ezibonelelo zokuswelekelwa kwi-UIF.
Kufuneka ufake isicelo sezi zibonelelokwiinyanga ezi-6 zokuqala emva kokusweleka kwaloo msebenzi.
Ukuba ubungumyeni okanye inkosikazi womsebenzi ongasekhoyo, kufuneka uye kwi-Ziko Labasebenzi ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-UF126.
isiqinisekiso sokusweleka esigximfiziweyo isiqinisekiso somtshato wenu esigximfiziweyo isiqinisekiso sokusebenza esisuka kumqeshi ubungqina beenkcukacha zebhanki.
Ukuba ungumntwana womsebenzi ongasekhoyo, unokufaka ibango ngokugcwalisa iphetshana lesicelo u-UF127 ze ulingenise kwiZiko leMisebenzi.
I-Ofisi Yabasebenzi iya kukunika iphetshana lesicelo u-UF128 ekufuneka ligcwaliswe ngumqeshi wokugqibela womfi ze lingeniswe kwiZiko Labasebenzi.
Isibonelelo sokuswelekelwa sisixa umsebenzi abenokusifakela ibango ukuba ebengasaphangeli. Esi sixa siba yintlawulo enikezelwa kube kanye.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.7296.21377.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Umthetho I-Occupational Health and Safety Act unika abasebenzi ilungelo lokusebenzela kwindawo esempilweni nekhuselekileyo. Lo mthetho uyala abaphathi ukuba babeke abameli bezokhuseleko kunye neekomiti zokhuseleko kwiindawo zokubenzela. Ukwalawula nezinto ezifana nezindlu zangasese, amagumbi okutshintshela, izixhobo zoncedo lokuqala, amanzi okusela, iindawo zokuhlambela, impahla yokhuseleko, oomatshini, ingqokelela nokuthutha, iileli, umlilo, izixhobo ezingenisa umoya opholileyo, izinga lobushushu, ingxolo kwakunye ne-asbestos.
Ilungelo lokwazi - umzekelo - iingozi zempilo nezokhuseleko kwindawo yokusebenzela kwakunye nemithetho neenkqubo zempilo neyezokhuseleko.
Ilungelo lokungaphathwa kakubi - umzekelo, umsebenzi akanakugxothwa ngenxa yokuba ethathe inxaxheba ekuhlolweni kwendawo ekusetyenzelwa kuyo okanye kuba enikezele ingxelo ngengozi.
Lo mthetho lo ukwathi thaca noxanduva lwabasebenzi nolwabaqeshi.
Umqeshi kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba indawo yokusebenzela ikhuselekile yaye isempilweni futhi kufuneka angavumeli nawuphi na umsebenzi ukuba enze umsebenzi ongamonzakalisa.
Bazise abasebenzi babo ngeengozi zendawo leyo yokusebenzela.
Baqinisekise ukuba kukho izilumkiso nezaziso ngoomatshini abanobungozi.
Baqeqeshe abasebenzi ngokusebenzisa oomatshini abayingozi.
Baqinisekise ukuba izixhobo zigcinwa zikwimo ekulungeleyo ukusetyenziswa.
Banikezele ngempahla ekhuselekileyo yokusebenza nezixhobo apho kufunekayo.
Banciphise naziphi na iingozi zibe kwelona qondo lisezantsi phambi kokuba banikezele ngaloo mpahla ikhuselekileyo.
Baqinisekise ukuba kukho umntu owongamele yonke imisebenzi futhi oqinisekisayo ukuba imigaqo yokhuseleko iyathotyelwa.
Beze neendlela zokuthintela iingozi.
Bazikhethele abameli bezokhuseleko (abe mnye kubasebenzi abangamashumi amabini).
Bachaze imisebenzi noxanduva lwabameli bezokhuseleko.
Bavuse iikomiti zokhuseleko ukuba kukho abameli bezokhuseleko abadlulileyo kwisithathu. Le komiti kufuneka idibane ubuncinci kanye ngeenyanga ezintathu yaye ixoxe ngayo yonke imiba yezokhuseleko neyezempilo echaphazela abasebenzi.
Baqiniseke ukuba abasebenzi bangaqhwesha basinde kwingozi xa kunyanzelekile.
Bagcine ingxelo yazo zonke iingozi okanye izehlo zezokhuseleko kummeli wezokhuseleko okanye zezempilo nakwiSebe lezeMisebenzi.
Nakuphi na ukwenzakala okukhokelela ekubeni umsebenzi angayi emsebenzini iintsuku ezingaphaya kwesithathu.
Kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungazixeli ezi ntlobo zeengozi.
Icandelo B leli phetshana kufuneka ligcwaliswe ngugqirha okanye isibhedlele esinyanga lo msebenzi.
Abahloli beendawo zokusebenzela banomsebenzi okukuqinisekisa ukuba abaqeshi nabasebenzi bayayenza imisebenzi yabo. Abahloli beendawo zokusebenzela banokuzindwendwela iindawo zokusebenzela bahlabe nemibuzo ukufumanisa ukuba indaeo leyo yokusebenzela ikhuselekile yaye isempilweni na.
Ukuba umqeshi akayenzanga imisebenzi yakhe, umhloli unokumohlwaya loo mntu ngokumhlawulisa.
Ukuba umsebenzi uthe wonzakala emsebenzini ngenxa yokungalandelwa komgaqo wokhuseleko ngumqeshi, oko kuthetha ukuba loo mqeshi unokohlwaywa ngpkuthi ahlawuliswe ze/okanye avalelwe ejele iminyaka emibini.
Ukuba umsebenzi kwezempilo uxilonga okanye anyange umntu ngesifo acinga ukuba size ngenxa yokuqeshwa kwakhe kuloo msebenzi, umsebenzi wezepilo lo kufuneka anikezele ngengxelo ngaloo mba kumqeshi walo msebenzi nakwiSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.7296.21409.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abasebenzi abonzakele okanye abathe bahlaselwa sisifo ngenxa omsebenzi wabo banakho ukufaka ibango lemali esuka kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo. Iintsapho zabo nazo zinakho ukufaka amabango ukuba umntu obebonelela ngenkxaso nokuphila kwamalungu azo uthe wasutywa kukufa ngenxa yesifo okanye ukonzakala akufumene emsebenzini.
Ngubani onokufaka ibango?
Ngubani onokufaka imali kule Ngxowa-mali?
Kokuphi ukwenzakala nezifo ezihlawulelwayo?
Ulifaka njani ibango?
Ngubani ohlawula ibango elo?
Abasweleke kwingozi eyenzeke kwindawo yokusebenzela okanye izifo ezinobungozi.
ungumsebenzi ongasebenzi phantsi kolawulo lomqeshi wakho umsebenzi osebenza ngaphandle kwemida yoMzantsi Afrika iinyanga ezingaphaya kwe-12 ixesha ngalinye.
ungumsebenzi wasemakhitshhini kwindlu eqeshisayo umntu osebenzela ukufumana amava okanye umsebenzi wasezifama osephantsi koqeqesho umsebenzi ohlawulwa liziko lengqesho.
Amabango anokuhlawulwa kuphela ukuba angeniswe ngendlela efanelekileyo, ngexesha elikufaneleyo oko.
Ibango elo lenziwe emva kweenyanga ezili-12 yenzeka ingozi okanye ukusweleka, okanye emva kokuba sifunyanisiwe isifo eso.
Awuphangelanga iintsuku ezintathu okanye ngaphantsi.
Ingozi leyo isisizathu sento engalunganga oyenzileyo(ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzi lowo wonzakele ngokumasikizi okanye usweleke kuloo ngozi, iNgxowa-mali le kuseza kufuneka iyihlawule imbuyekezo).
Wala ngaphandle kwesizathu esibambekayo ukufumana unyango.
Abaqeshi bafaka intlawulo kube kanye ngenyanga kwiNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo. Abasebenzi abahlawuli kwaphela kule kwiNgxowa-mali le. Abaqeshi abanakutsala mali kwimivuzo yabasebenzi ukuzama ukuncedisana nale Ngxowa-mali.
Ingxowa-mali le ihlawula izifo ezifunyanwa emsebenzini kwakunye neengozi ezifunyenwe emsebenzini.
Ezi zifo zifumaneka emsebenzini zizigulo ezenziwa ngamachiza okanye iimeko umsebenzi lowo athe wabe usebenza phantsi kwazo emsebenzini. Ungafaka ibango lembuyekezo ukuba usebenza phantsi kwezi meko ze uhlaselwe sisifo esiza ngqo ngenxa yezo meko.
Iimeko nezifo ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo ezivela ngenxa yezi meko ezihlawulelwayo yiNgxowa-mali yeMbuyekezo ziveziwe kuSchedule 3 yoMthetho ohambisana noku.
Unokulifaka ibango lezinye izifo kuphela ukuba unakho ukunikezela ngobungqina usebenzisa iimpepha neengxelo ezisuka kugqirha okanye esibhedlele ezingqina ukuba isifo eso size ngenxa yeemeko osebenza phantsi kwazo emsebenzini.
Ingxowa-mali le ikwahlawulela ukwenzakala okuvele ngenxa yomsebenzi okanye kwindawo yokusebenzela.
Ukukhubazeka isigxina ukusweleka inkcitho ngonyango olufumeneyo imbuyekezo eyongezelelweyo.
Ingxowa-mali Yembuyekezo ayiyihlawuleli intlungu nelahleko, ihlawulela kuphela ukulahlekelwa kukushukumisa okanye ukusebenzisa umzimba wakho.
Isixa sembuyekezo esiya kuhlawulwa kumsebenzi sixhomekeke ekubeni umsebenzi lowo ebehlawulwa umvuzo ongakanani ukuhlaselwa kwakhe koko kwenzakala okanye ukufunyaniswa kweso sifo. Ukuba ubusele uyekile ukusebenz ngexa kufunyaniswa isifo eso, imbuyekezo iya kwenziwa ngokuthi kuzanywe ukubalwa ukuba mhlawumbi ukuba ubusaphangela ubuya kuhlawulwa malini na.
Yintoni ukukhubazeka okwethutyana?
Ukukhubazeka okwethutyana kuxa ungakwazi kusebenza okanye ungenakho ukuwenza wonke umsebenzi wakho ngenxa yokwenzakala okanye isifo kodwa useza kuba ngcono.
Ukufaka ibango loku, kufuneka ukhutshwe emsebenzini ngugqirha iintsuku ezigqithileyo kwisithathu. Ukuba ukhutshwe emsebenzini iintsuku ezigqithileyo kwisithathu, uya kuhlawulelwa lonke ixesha ongakwazi kuphangela ngalo (kuquka ezo ntsuku zokuqala zintathu).
Ukuba awunakusebenza konke-konke uya kuhlawulwa i75% (oko kukuthi isithathu kwisine somvuzo wakho wesiqhelo - 3/4).
Ukuba unokwenza kuphela omnye womsebenzi wakho, useza kuhlawulwa omnye umvuzo ngumqeshi wakho. Ingxowa-mali le iya kukuhlawula isithathu kwisine okanye i75% (3/4) eyintsalela ephakathi kwesixa osihlawulweyo kwakunye nesixa obunokusihlawulwa ngaphambi kokwenzakala.
Zonke iindleko zonyango nazo ziyahlawulwa ukuba ii-akhawunti zinikezelwa kumKomishinala.
Unokufaka ibango lexesha elingakanani?
Unokufaka ibango lokukhubazeka okwethutyana iinyanga de zibe li-12. Oku kunokongezwa kube ziinyanga ezingama-24. Emva kweenyanga ezingama-24 uMkomishinala unokuthatha isigqibo sokuba imeko isisgxina ze anikezele ngembuyekezo yokukhubazeka isigxina.
Yintoni ukukhubazeka isigxina?
Ukukhubazeka isigxina kukwenzakala oknaye isigulo umsebenzi lowo angenakuze aphile kuso, umzekelo, ukulahlekelwa liliso. Ubunzima okanye ubunzulu boko kukhubazeka kuko okuxela ukuba umsebenzi lo akanakuze akwazi kuphinda asebenze okanye kuya kuba nzima kusini na ukuphinda afumane omnye umsebenzi.
Izimo zokukhubazeka zithelekelelwa ukusuka ku-100% ukuya ku-1% kuxhomekeke kubunzulu bokukhubazeka oko. Umzekelo, i100% iya kuba kukulahlekelwa zizandla zakho zombini okanye ukulahlekelwa kukubona. Ukulahlekelwa luzwane lwakho oluncinci kukukhubazeka okuyi-1%.
Ugqirha wakho uya kubhala ingxelo yezonyango ngoko kukhubazeka. Emva koko uMkomishinala nabanye oogqirha baya kugqiba ekubeni ukukhubazeka oko kunzima okanye kunzulu kangakanani na.
Ufumana imbuyekezo engakanani?
Ukuba ukukhubazeka oko kungaphaya kokukhubazeka okuyi-30%, uya kufumana umhlala-phantsi nyanga zonke. Ubungakanani bomhlala-phantsi wakho buxhomekeke ekubeni ubufumana umvuzo ongakanani nasebunzulwini bokukhubazeka oko. Ukuba une-100% yokukhubazeka, uya kuhlawulwa i75% 3/4 yomvuzo wakho.
ukukhubazeka% Ã· 100.
Imbuyekezo le iya kuhlawulwa ixesha elingakanani?
Le ntywenka yesixa yintlawulo enikezelwa kube kanye yonke kube kugqityiwe. Intlawulo yenyanga nganye iya kuhlawulwa impilo yalo msebenzi.
Iukuba umntu obonelela ngenkxaso kusapho lwakho wathi wasutywa kukufa ngenxa yokwenzakala okanye isifo esenziwa lichiza okanye ziimeko zendawo yokusebenzela, unako ukufaka ibango kule Ngxowa-mali.
Isixa sembuyekezo onokusihlawulwa sixhomekeke kubudlelwane bakho nomsebenzi lo ungasekhoyo. Isixa semali esihlawulwa usapho asinakuba ngaphezu komhlala-phantsi umfi lo angewufumene ukuba ubusisithathu somvuzo wakhe wenyanga (3/4).
Abantwana bomsebenzi abangaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala (oko kuquka nabangaphandle komtshato, abacelwa kubazali babo njengamalungu amatsha osapho lwakhe, nabomlingane wakhe) banelungelo lokufumana umhlala-phantsi oyi-20% x 3/4 yomvuzo womsebenzi. Ku kuhlawulwa nyanga zonke de umntwana abe ne-18 leminyka ubudala. Lo mhlala-phantsi unokuqhubekeka ngokuthi wongezwe ukuba umntwana lowo ugula ukhubazeke ngokwasengqondweni okanye ngokwamalungu omzimba.
Ukuba akukho mlingane okanye bantwana, abanye abantu abebexhomekeke kulo msebenzi baya kunikwa imbuyekezo(umzekelo, abazali). Ababtu abebexhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumsebenzi lowo bafumana isixa esilingana nesinikwa umhlokazi. Abantu abebengaxhomekekanga ngokupheleleyo kulo msebenzi bafumana intlawulo enye esixa sixhomekeka ekubeni bebexhomekeke kangakanani na kuye.
Zonke iindleko zonyango zomsebenzi lowo ziya kuhlawulelwa de kube yiminyaka emibini emva kosuku lwengozi okanye lokufunyaniswa kwesifo. Zonke iingxelo ngamatyala onyango kufuneka kufuneka zingeniswe kuMkomishinala. Oku kuquka iintlawulo zokuthuthwa komsebenzi owonzakeleyo ukuya esibhedlele okanye ekhayeni lakhe.
Njengesongezelelo kwimbuyekezo le iqhelekileyo, unokuyifumana imbuyekezo esisongezelelo ukuba ukwenzakala okanye isifo eso senzeka ngenxa yokungakhathali komqeshi okanye ibe yingxaki nomatshini. Nawuphi na umsebenzi ongaphantsi kwama-26 eminyaka ubudala uya kuyifumana imbuyekezo eyongeziweyo.
Kwiintsuku nje ezili-14 zokudibana nomsebenzi, ugqirha kufuneka agcwalise iphetshana u-WCL4 apho anika ingxelo ngobuzaza bomonzakalo nokuba lingakanani ixesha umsebenzi lo anokungabonakali ngalo emsebenzini. Oku kuthunyelwa kumqeshi othi yena akuthumele kuMkomishinala.
Umqeshwa akazihlawuli iindleko zikagqirha. Kodwa ke ukuba ufuna izimvo ezizezinye, kuyakufuneka ukuhlawulele oku.
Ukuba ukonzakala kuya kuthatha ixesha elide ukuze kuphile, ugqirha kufuneka athumele ingxelo yendlela oqhuba ngayo (kwiphetshana u-WCL 5) kuMkomishinala nyanga zonke de kube kanti imeko leyo izinze ngokupheleleyo. Oku kwazisa uMkomishinala ngobude bexesha umsewbenzi lowo anokungabonakali ngalo emsebenzini.
Okokugqibela, ugqirha kufuneka engenise ingxelo kagqirha yokugqibela (kwiphetshana u-WCL5) exela ukuba umsebenzi ukulungele kusini na ukusebenza okanye ukhubazeke isigxina. Ugqirha kufuneka athumele eli phetshana kumqeshi oyakuthi yena alithumele kuMkomishinala.
Xa umsebenzi ebuyela emsebenzini, umqeshi kufuneka athumele ingxelo yokuphindela (kwiphetshana u-WCL6) kuMkonmishinala exela ukuba umsebenzi ubuyele nini emsebenzini nokuthi uhlawulwe malini na njengembuyekezo.
Umsebenzi nomqeshi kufuneka bazigcine zonke iimpepha ezinezinkcukacha.
Xa ingxelo yokuqala kagqirha ingeniswe nengxelo yengozi, uMkomishinala Weembuyekezo uyakuliqwalasela ibango elo ze enze isigqibo. Inombolo yebango elo iya kunikezelwa. Inombolo le kufuneka isetyenziselwe yonke imisebebzi yeempepha enento yokwenza neli bango.
Unokuqhagamshelana noMkomishinala okanye nayiphi na I-Ofisi yomMandla yeSebe leMisebenzi ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe okanye uncedo.
Umkomishinala Weembuyekezo uqeshelwe ukulawula iNgxowa-mali le ze aphumeze namabango abasebenzi. Umsebenzi ufumana imali kule Ngxowa-mali, hayi kumqeshi.
KODWA umqeshi kufuneka ahlawule umsebenzi owonzakeleyo ngeenyanga ezintathu zokuqala emva koknzakala. Ingxowa-mali Yeembuyekezo yona iya kumbuyisela umqeshi emva kwexeshana.
Ukuba umsebenzi akaphangeli iinyanga ezingaphezu kwesithathu, uMkomishinala Weembuyekezo ukuthathela kuye ukuhlawulwa kwalo, sebenzi nyanga nganye.
Qaphela: Iintlawulo zamabango zithatha ixesha elide ukuphunyezwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Services.7299.63910.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho intlaninge yamaziko kwilizwe lonke nakumaphondo, maziko lawo ajongana nobuqhetseba norhwaphilizo kurhulumente.
UMgaqo-siseko wadala iOfisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu njenge-ofisi ezimeleyo ukuze ijongane ze iphande izikhalazo eziza noluntu ngamaziko okanye amagosa karhulumente. UMkhuseli Woluntu unamandla okuza neziphakamiso zentshukumo enokulungisa kwanokunikezela ngeengxelo. UMkhuseli Woluntu uhlala kwesi sikhundla ixesha eliyiminyaka esixhenxe phambi kokuba uMongameli aphinde aqashe uMkhuseli Woluntu omtsha.
Iinkonzo zoMkhuseli Woluntu zifumaneka simahla kwaye zivuleleke kumntu wonke. Xa ufaka isikhalazo kwi-Ofisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu, abasebenzi bayo baza kuphanda loo mba yaye ukuba eso sikhalazo siqinisekisiwe, baya kuzama ukuyilungisa loo meko. UMkhuseli Woluntu ujongana nezikhalazo ngendlela eyimfihlelo.
igosa lezolonyulo amaziko angekho phantsi kukarhulumente ngokugqibeleleyo, afana noEskom okanye uTelkom amabhunga angumvuka wemithetho karhulumente ethile, Yoluntu amabhunga abekwe yimithetho ethile, efana neBhunga Eliphanda Ngenzululwazi Yoluntu (iHSRC ngamafuphi) okanye iBhunga Elenza Uphando Ngenzululwazi Noshishino (iCSIR ngamafuphi).
ulawulo olunamakhwiniba ukungathembakali okanye ukusebenza ngendlela engamkelekanga ngeemali zoluntu ukuzityebisa ngendlela engeyiyo ukuzifumana ukwindawo ekuncedayo ngokungalunganga.
izigwebo nezigqibo zenkundla iintshukumo zabucala ezenziwe ngabantu abazimeleyo iinkampani zabucala oogqirha namagqwetha abucala.
Ubhalele Umkhuseli Woluntu.
Ubume besikhalazo sakho.
Imbangi nemvelaphi yesikhalazo eso.
Izizathu ezibangela ukuba uzive ufuna ukuba isikhalazo sakho siphandwe nguMkhuseli Woluntu.
Amanyathelo osele uwathabathile ukuzama ukusombulula loo ngxaki ngokwakho (ukuba ebekho). Kufuneka ukhankanye amagama amagosa obusoloko usebenza nawo kule nyewe, iintsuku, nokuba kwaphela kusithiwani na. Iikopi zayo nayiphi na imbalelwano phakathi kwakho naloo magosa kufuneka zincanyathiselwe kule ncwadi yembalelwano.
Inombolo yomnxeba apho unokufumaneka khona, ukuba ikho onayo.
Kumaxesha athile uMkhuseli Woluntu unokufuna uthethe phantsi kwesifungo phambi kokuba aqalise ngophando lwakhe.
Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ingxaki yakho ngumba uMkhuseli Woluntu anokuyiphanda na, okanye ukuba awukwazi ukubhala, ungatsalela umnxeba iofisi yoMkhuseli Woluntu. Apho kukho abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abaza kuphulaphula isikhalazo sakho, sisincinci sisikhulu, ze benze uphando.
Usenakho nokundwendwela le Ofisi ukuze nibe nodliwano-ndlebe okanye indibano, ukuba ungathanda. Kungcono ubhale kuqala ze ucele udliwano-ndlebe kuloo ncwadi yembalelwano.
Naluphi na urhwaphilizo kuRhulumente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni lungaxelwa kwiCandelo iForensic Audit elikwiSebe leNkulumbuso. Olu rhwaphilizo luquka amaxesha obuqhophololo, ubuqhetseba, ubusela nokusetyenziswa ngendlela engeyiyo kwempahla karhulumente.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuba imiba ingaphandwa kakuhle, ulwazi oluneenkcukacha ezipheleleyo ngolo rhwaphilizo uluxelayo luyafuneka.
Lukumila kunjani (umzekelo: ubusela, ubuqhophololo, ubuqhetseba)?
Lwenzeka njani, phi?
Ingaba le yingxaki eqhubekekayo futhi kusisithuba esingakanani iqhubekeka?
Unabo nabuphi na ubungqina ngolu rhwaphilizo Umzekelo, xa unikezela ingxelo ngobusela, ingaba uyayazi impahla ebiweyo ukuba ifihlwe phi?
Ingaba ukho omnye umntu owaziyo ngolu rhwaphilizo futhi angafuna na ukunikezela ubungqina kumagosa enza uphando?
Ungakwazi ukwenza ingqikelelo yelahleko ngokwezimali ngolo rhwaphilizo?
Ngoobani amagama amagosa karhulumente arhanelekayo, asebenza kweliphi iSebe yaye aphethe ziphi izikhundla apho?
Ngoobani amagama amanye amagosa achaphazelekayo?
Ingaba la magosa arhanelelekayo akhe abandakanyeka kwezinye izenzo zorhwaphilizo ngaphambili?
Wawukhe wayixela le nto ngaphambili Ukuba kunjalo, kubani yaye kwathatyathwa manyathelo mani?
Wawukho ngexesha lokwenzeka kolu rhwaphilizo, okanye ukuba akunjalo, wafumanisa njani ngalo?
Ingaba ukulungele na ukuhlanganisa ingxelo efungelweyo ze unikezele nobungqina?
<fn>GOV-ZA. SetupLearnership.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze ufumaneinkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
Abaniki-nkonzo zoqeqesho mabenze isigqibo sokuba zeziphi ii-learnerships abanganika uqeqesho kuzo.
Abaniki-nkonzo zoqeqesho kufuneka banikwe uqinisekiso lokuvunywa nokwamkelwa yi-SETA. Abaniki-nkonzo zoqeqesho abanganikwanga uqinisekiso lokuvunywa nokwamkelwa abanako ukunika iinkonzo zee-learnesrhips.
Xa abaniki-nkonzo zoqeqesho sele beyikhethile i-learnership, kuyakufuneka bafune abaqashi ukuze banike abafundi amava omsebenzi.
Nendlela abaya kufumana ngayo abafundi.
Abafundi bangaba ngabasebenzi asele beqashiwe ngumqashi okanye ingaba ngabantu abangasebenziyo. Nxulumana neziko lezabasebenzi elikufuphi kuwe ukuze uqonde ukuba iSebe leZabasebenzi lingakunceda njani ukuze ufumane abafundi abangasebenziyo.
Abaqashi, abaniki-nkonzo zoqeqesho kunye nabafundi kufuneka batyikitye isivumelwano se-learnership.
Abaniki-nkonzo zoqeqesho kufuneka baqalise uqeqesho ngomhla ekuvunyelwene ngawo kwisivumelwano se-learnership.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Yenza isicelo kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Socialrelief.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Umnyenyevu wentlalo wokuphuma embandezelweni luncediso lwexeshana olunikwa abantu abakwinzima nenkxwaleko yokuswela kangangokuba abanako ukufezekisa nkqu nezona mfuno zingundoqo nezisisiseko zeentsapho zabo.
Ngubani ongafumana umnyenyevu wentlalo wokuphuma embandezelweni?
Urhulumente angakunika umnyenyevu wentlalo wokuphuma embandezelweni ukubangaba ukwilixa lobunzima.
udinga uncedo ngelilixa ulinde iigranti zabantwana ziphunyezwe ngurhulumente uhlelwe yinto embi okanye intlekele, umzekelo utshelwe yindlu awuvumelekanga ufumane igranti, yaye usengxingweni awunako kwaye awukulungelanga ukusebenza ngenxa yempilo - oku kuthetha ukuba uyagula iinyanga ezingaphantsi kwesithandathu awunako ukufumana isapoti komnye umzali womntwana okanye wabantwana umntu olithemba lokondla usapho ubhubhile umntu olithemba lokondla usapho uvalelwe entolongweni ixeshana elifutshane , okanye uchatshazelwe yintlekele, kodwa ummandla okanye indawo ohlala kuyo ayibhengezwanga njengommandla wentlekele.
Ukunika ntoni urhulumente?
UMnyenyevu weNtlalo wokuPhuma eMbandezelweni ungawunikwa ngokwesiqhuma sokutya okanye ngokwetikiti lokuthenga ukutya. Amanye amaphondo alunika ngokwemali olu ncediso. UMnyenyevu weNtlalo wokuPhuma eMbandezelweni unikwa ixeshana elifutshane kuphela - idla ngokuba lixesha elithi ga kwiinyanga ezintathu, yaye maxa wambi lingaya kutsho kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
Yenza isicelo somnyenyevu wentlalo wokuphuma embandezelweni kwi-ofisi yoPhuhliso lweNtlalo ekufuphi kuwe.
Incwadi yakho yesazisi enomqukumbelo nemivo yamanani eli 13 kunye nezatifiketi zokuzalwa zabantwana bakho.
wenze isicelo segranti uthwaxwe yimeko emaxongo uzamile ukufumana isapoti awunankxaso ingenye utshatile, uqhawule umtshato okanye awutshatanga awunamali ekungenelayo, okanye unokhubazeko lwempilo lwexeshana elifutshane.
Isicelo sakho siyakuphunyezwa ngoko nangoko.
Nokuba awunazo zonke ezi ncwadi ziyimfuneko, uyakusifumana isiqhuma sokutya, itikiti lokuthenga ukutya okanye imali yenyanga yokuqala, ngaphandle kwazo.
Ungalibali ke kodwa ukusa zonke iincwadi kwigosa phambi kokuba kufike ixesha lentlawulo yenyanga yesibini. Ukuba awuzisanga iincwadi, usenokungasifumani isiqhuma sokutya, itikiti lokuthenga ukutya okanye imali yenyanga yesibini neyesithathu.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
Nceda uqhagamshelane neofisi yesebe ekufutshane nawe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Specialregistrationasaprofessionalscientist.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lemiSebenzi yezeNzululwazi liyakwamkela ukuba abantu abathile abazange babe nalo ithuba lokufumana imfundo ekwiqondo lamaziko aphakamileyo eyalelwa leli Bhunga ukuze kube nokubhaliselwa olo qeqesho. Noxa kunjalo abantu abanjalo kusenokwenzeka ukuba baba negalelo elingathethekiyo kuluntu lwezenzululwazi kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo kwaye basenokuqhuba besenjenjalo iminyaka emininzi.
IBhunga liye lagqiba ekubeni linike abantu abanjalo ithuba lokufaka izicelo zokubhalisela ukuba ziiNzululwazi eziQeqeshiweyo phantsi kwemiqathango ethile.
Nabanina ongenasiqinisekiso sivunyiweyo liBhunga angafaka isicelo.
babe negalelo kuluntu lwezenzululwazi babe neminyaka eli-10 ubuncinane yamava angaqhawulwanga afanelekileyo oqeqesho kanye phambi kokufaka isicelo kwelo cadelo lomsebenzi abawunqwenelayo.
Qaphela: Ukuba ushiye umsebenzi wakho ngeli thuba leminyaka eli-10, awusayi kuvunyelwa ukuba ubhalise phantsi kolu lawulo lolwazelelelo.
Uvavanyo lwezicelo luya kwenziwa yiKomiti eCebisayo yemiSebenzi efanelekileyo, ukuvunywa kuya kwenziwa yiKomiti yoBhalis yeSACNASP ukuze ugunyaziso lwenziwe liBhunga liphelele.
Zalisa ifomu yesicelo eqingqiweyo ukuze ubhalise.
ubungqina obufanelekileyo boqeqesho oluqingqiweyo nolungaqingqwanga - iikopi eziqinisekisiweyo zeziqinisekiso zezidanga okanye zeediploma, kuquka neengxelo zezifundo zala manqanaba ingxelo ebanzi yamava omsebenzi oqeqehelwe wona kweli candelo lomsebenzi ofake isicelo kulo uluhlu lwezinto ezipapashiweyo ubungqina bobulungu kwimibutho yezifundiswa, umz. Umbutho waseMzantsi Afrika weNzululwazi nobuGcisa bezokuTya ; iQumrhu laseMzantsi Afrika leeKemikhali ; Umbutho waseMzantsi Afrika wezoLwakhiwo lomhlaba.
Ubuncinane, iingxelo ezipheleleyo ezintathu othe waziqulunqa okanye obe negalelo elikhulu kuzo. Ukuba akukwazi ukuzingenisa ezo ngxelo ngenxa yemfihlelo ethile, elo galelo kufuneka libe nokuqinisekiswa.
Ubungqina obufungelweyo obucacisa ukuba lo ngumsebenzi wakho kwaye ucacise indima yakho oyidlalileyo kwezo ngxelo uzifakileyo.
Ubungqina obufungelweyo babantu ababini obakhethileyo abanokungqinisisa ngezakhono zakho kweli candelo lakho lomsebenzi.
Ubhaliso lungathatha iiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8, kuxhomekeke ekungenisweni kwamaxwebhu afunwayo.
Iqela labantu ababini ubuncinane abonyulwe yiKomiti eCebisayo yezemiSebenzi yeSACNASP liya kudlana indlebe nawe.
Isiphumo sovavanyo siya kwaziwa kuphela emva kwentlanganiso yeBhunga.
Ukufaka imali ebhankeni ngeintanethi nokufaka imali ngqo: Nceda usebenzise oonobumba bokuqala bamagama kunye nefani ukuchonga intlawulo yakho kwingxelo yethu yebhanki, uze uthumele ngefekisi ubungqina bentlawlo leyo kunye nephepha LOKUQALA lefomu yakho yesicelo kule nombolo 012 841 1057.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Speeches.2006.may.133183.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Enye yeengqondi zenkulungwane le sikuyo enokungazithembi malunga noqhushululu yayingu-Antonio Gramsci [] Ukungazithembi kwakhe kwakuvela ekubeni wayenomonde othile. Lo monde wawungenanto yokwenza kwaphela nokutyeshela okanye nokwaneliseka [...] Umonde wakhe okhethekileyo wawuphuma kwingqiqo yokusebenza okwakungasoze kuphele. Walubona ugubungelo, maxa wambi wayeyilawula imizabalazo yezopolitiko ngexesha lakhe, noxa kunjalo wayengayilibali imvelaphi yesiganeko esasisiya sicaca, ixesha laso laba yiminyaka engabalekiyo. Yaba yiloo nto kanye mhlawumbi eyathintela uGramsci ekubeni, njengabo bonke abaphembi boqhushululu, ekubeni angangumntu owonwabele ixesha elizayo. Wayekholelwa ethembeni nangaphezu kokukholelwa kwizithembiso, ithemba ke lingumbandela wexesha elide.
Le ngqiqo yiyo exhasa intetho kaMongameli Thabo mbeki yokuba uMzantsi-Afrika ukwiNkulungwane yeThemba, iThemba lePhondo leNtshona Koloni lokuba sesiseCicini lokuChuma. Eli Themba alidluli ngqondo yaye aliqhutywa luluvo, kuphela lifumaneke kuwo umonde nakwintsebenzo yoluntu engapheliyo. Lilo elifikisa umntu ngamnye kwisiganeko esimana sicaca, kulapho thina sicwezela kude ekwanelisekeni nakwinkolo yethu.
Ngexesha lokusebenza kwale Khomishoni kwabakho imeko apho uloyiko nobuqhophololo obutsala amehlo bathi galakangqa kwiinyoba zoLawulo [] IKhomishoni iyathemba ukuba abasemagunyeni bakukhuthazeka, bazimisele babe nombono wokuqalisa baze bafake isithethe esifunekayo senguquko kulawulo oluzithi thaca phandle zonke izinto nolukwaziyo ukuluthwala uxanduva.
Ndakuba ndize nentetho yam yokuqala yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali yeSebe leNkulumbuso kunyaka ka-2004, sazimisela ekuphenduleni ucelo-mngeni lokwakha iLizwe lase-Afrika lale Mihla sikuyo ngokuza nesiseko sengqondo esifanele ilizwe ngendlela yophuhliso. Sasiyiqonda into yokuba xa sisuka kuhlobo lwelizwe esalunyukiswa ngaso yiKhomishoni kaDesai, oko kwakufuna ukuba izwekazi eli malifundiswe ukugcina iinjongo zomSebenzi weNkqubo kaZwelonke neeNjongo zoPhuhliso lweNkulungwane kulungiselelwa iPhondo lethu.
Ngoko ke ndibhenela kuni ngoyilo lukarhulumente olusephepheni eliluhlaza olwaluhlanganisiwe, olusebenzisana nezinye iinkqubo zikarhulumente, oluzisabelayo iimfuno zabemi nolwahlulelwano, oluqhagamshelana nehlabathi ngelijongisisa iintshukumo zalo.
KwiNtetho yoHlahlo Lwabiwo-Mali yam ka-2005 yeSebe leNkulumbuso, ndalumkisa ngelithi indlela esingise kuRhulumente woPhuhliso ingafuna iinguqu ezinobunzulu. Ndacebisa ngenkqubo eza kujongisisa ukuphembelelwa kweZiko likaRhulumente. Kuloo nkqubo iZiko eli lingaqwalasela ubugcisa obukhoyo obuvela kwabo baziingqanga bephakathi nangaphandle koLawulo, abanokuxhasa ubunkokeli, baqulunqe umgaqo-nkqubo bakhuthaze nokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo-qhinga.
IsiThethi, kwintetho yam yesithathu yoHlahlo lwaBiwo-Mali njengeNkulumbuso, kule Ndlu ndinganika ingxelo yokuba sesiphumelele kwiinjongo ezintlantlu-mbini, ngoku sesikulungele ukucacisa umboniso olandelayo wesiganeko esicacileyo sokwakha nesokulinika umvuzo iThemba ekuthethwa ngalo ngu-Antonio Gramsci.
Thina kweli Phondo ayisithi sedwa ekufuneka becacise esi siganeko. Siyinxalenye yehlabathi elifuna ukwenza kanye loo nto, ihlabathi elinxanelwe ukuyondelelanisa ithemba ngokunika inkcazelo yendlela ngoChumiso ngendlela yokwaBelana - oko sithi kuliKapa elihlumayo - sakha ukubumbana koluntu sikwathantamisa neyantluko yezithethe - injongo esinayo ke yeyeKhaya Lethu Sonke.
Kutshanje bendimenyiwe ukuba mandizibandakanye nendibano enenkqubela yeenkokeli zehlabathi, obeyibizile nguMongameli Mbeki kwiNdibano yeenkokeli zoLawulo oluneNkqubela. Isizathu sokundimema kungokuba kweli Phondo lethu esikwenzayo kuyahambelana nethemba lehlabathi ekufumaneni indlela yobulungisa kuluntu lonke, uqoqosho olufanelekileyo, iqhinga lokuphila ngexesha lokugrhogrhiswa, lokunganyamezeli nelokuntswinywa kumalungelo athile.
Umsebenzi woluntu ongenasiphelo, njengoko uGramsci ebeya kuzixelela iinkokeli zehlabathi, loo msebenzi ubuya kunyanzelisa ukuba ixesha elizayo lisekelwe kucalu-calulo, kwisicwangciso nakwinkqubo-qhinga. Ucalu-calulo, isicwangciso nenkqubo-qhinga ziyazuza ehlabathini ukuze zithuthele ezikuzuzileyo koorhulumente bemimandla. Iinkcukacha zona ziphuma koorhulumente bemimandla ukuze zithunyelwe ehlabathini jikelele.
Kwimeko yoMzantsi-Afrika iPhondo lethu kufuneka lizihluphile ngokuHlunyiswa kwePhondo nangeNkqubo-qhinga yoPhuhliso (oko okukuthi iPGDS) eqwalasele iNjongo kaZwelonke yoPhuhliso lweeNdawo yaye, iqinisekisa ukuba ziyafana nqo iziCwangciso zoPhuhliso oluManyiweyo loorhulumente bonke beengingqi. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba kuthethwa into enye, kuvumela ukuba sisebenze ngemvisiswano sikwazi ukwakhela abantu bethu bonke ubomi obuphucukileyo..
Kunyaka ophelileyo isebe likamPhathiswa uMufamadi lashicilela izikhokelo zokuba iyintoni na iPGDS.
ukwenziwa kwamalinge kuyinkqubo yangabom yomzekelo weenguqulelo zamagama. Injongo yako kukuguqula iindlela zezithethe, iindlela zokuqiqa nentsingiselo yazo. Oko kuyinto engaphezulu ekuveliseni izigqibo eziyingqokelela. Kumalunga noshenxiso kunye nobumbo olutsha lwezimvo.
Kwiinjongo eziphambili zePGDS kukho umzekeliso wenguqu-magama kwicala lophuhliso ekwabelwanayo ngalo nophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo. Njengoko siqhubela phambili ngolwahlulelwano loluntu nolwabemi bonke silungiselela iinyanga ezizayo ezimbalwa, ndikholelwa ekubeni lo mzekelo wophuhliso ngokwamagama, sakukwazi ukuwenza ngokusesikweni, asiyi kubuya nganeno kuba imbewu yolo phuhliso seyihlwayelwe ziinkqubo zeKapa Elihlumayo ebezisoloko zithukuza eminyakeni embalwa eyadlulayo, oko kuquka iNdibano yeenkokeli ka-2003 yoPhuhliso nobuTyebi.
Umzekeliso wethu wophuhliso ngokwamagama wazisa ukuba ukukhula ngokwabelana nophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo kungazuzwa kuphela xa izinyanzeliso ezihlanu zinokudityaniswa ngenkqubo-qhinga, ngokulingana ukuze konke oko kunyuselwe kwimithetho-siseko yophuhliso.
IPGDS ithi kwimeko yokungaphangeli kwenyambalala yabantu, ukungafani kwezimali ezamkelwa ngabantu ngenxa yobugwenxa, iyantlukwano eluntwini nokuntswinywa kwezoqoqosho kuzwelonke okusuka kuqoqosho lwehlabathi; injongo yethu ephambili mayibe kukuzuza amanqanaba aphezulu okuhluma njengeplanga lokutsiba ukuze sikwazi ukujongana neendidi zemingeni engalawulekiyo.
Amanqanaba aphezulu okuhluma awanelanga xa ewodwa, okona kunyanzelisayo luhlobo lokuhluma. Kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu okuhluma adityaniswa nobulungisa obukhulu eluntwini obuya kuvumela abahlelelekileyo nabo bangabandakanywanga kwezoqoqosho ukuba bazuze iindlela zokuthatha inxaxheba kwezoqoqosho, bazakhele iindlela zokuzixhobisa ezidityaniswa nesiseko sephondo sokhuselo oluliqilima lobutyebi bemvelo. Okokugqibela, ukuhluma makungayenzi mandundu imeko yocalu-calulo lwabantu ngokweendawo abakuzo nangokungayifaneli imisebenzi ethile nanjengoko bekunjalo eminyakeni elishumi yenkululeko. Ukuhluma okanye ukukhula makwenze ubomi bubelula kubantu abaninzi belizwe abanxanelwe ukufikelela kwezoqoqosho, kumathuba okunonophela uluntu, izityalo nezinye izidalwa eziphilayo njengezilo.
IPGDS - iKapa elihlumayo - ichaza indlela iPhondo lethu eliya kuzuza ngayo ukukhula ngokwahlulelana nendlela yophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo. Xa kulandelwa imbono yokudanjiswa kwezikhalazo ezithile, le ndlela yoba yejoliswe ngqo apho kufuneka inkathalelo, amalinge athe chatha otyalo-mali, ubunkokeli obuphucukileyo, igalelo elililo nentsebenziswano kurhulumente weNtshona Koloni.
IPGDS iluvuselelo lwento ebisele izisiwe kule Ndlu njengamalinge asibhozo eKapa elihlumayo: uPhuhliso lweeNdawo, iKapitali yelizwe, iKapitali yomntu, uQoqosho kumashishini amancinane, INkqubo-qhinga kwizibonelelo zeendlela nezinye izinto zoqhagamshelwano, amalinge amathathu oLawulo. Zonke ezi zinto zikhankanyiweyo zifuna enye ingqwalasela, emva koko sophumelela ngokufezekiswa kweenjongo endazixelayo kwiNtetho yam malunga nePhondo eli endayenza ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka njengesiCwangciso esiliDabi loPhuhliso oluManyanisiweyo.
isithethe sokunyamezela, imbeko nokuzimisela; kunye amaziko olawulo asebenzayo.
Noxa kunjalo, izinto ekujoliswe kuzo zehlabathi nezikazwelonke esizilungiselele unyaka ka-2014, zifuna umgangatho ophezulu wamandla okuxhokonxa, ukuzimisela emsebenzini, ubutyebi neetalente. Ngoko ke le nto ithetha ukuba makulandelwe kwamsinyane iindlela ezintlanu zokulungiswa kwemicimbi, zonke zinxulumene nokukhulisa, ezinye zazo bezifuna kusetyenzwe kwakudala, ezinye zithi gqi ekhwapheni kuba sesijongene neenkxwaleko okanye namathuba athile. Ezi ndlela zintlanu zokuhlangula zisetyenziswa yikhabhinethi efuna ukuzimisela koluntu.
Okokuqala, ukujongana nenkxwaleko yeziThuthi zikaWonke-wonke kubonakala njengamagingxigingxi kwicala lezoqoqoqsho, ukuzimisela koluntu jikelele, ukhuseleko loluntu nentembeko yendalo esingqongileyo. Ndikholelwa ekubeni ukuba kukho into ephumelela kuyo iPGDS, mayizise inguqulelo kwimeko yezithuthi zikawonke-wonke. Izicwangciso ezininzi zokuseka mazibe nenkqubo yokumanyanisa, yobuchule obahlukileyo, ekhuselekileyo nekulula ukusebenza ngayo. Indebe yeHlabathi icel' umngeni kuthi, masiqinisekise ukuba iyaqaliswa imisebenzi yokuqala engekafiki unyaka ka-2010. Sinengqiniseko yokuzuza eyona ibalulekileyo ibhakana yokufumana isongezo sezimali ezinokutyalwa kwizibonelelo zothutho ngolwamkelo lwexeshana lwerhafu yezibaso yeNtshona Koloni. IKhomishoni yeziMali zikaRhulumente seyithe sisaqhuba kakuhle ngokongeza izimali zethu yaye nophando lwethu lufanelekile. Le yimpumelelo enkulu emva kweminyaka emine. Phofu sisazimisele ukusoloko sicebisana nabo.
Okwesibini, ngokwandisa amathuba arhangqe iNdebe yeHlabathi ka-2010 ngokubhekiselele kukhenketho olukhulayo nakumacandelo anxulumene noko oqoqosho lwemimandla yethu, ukukhuthaza ulutsha ukuba lukhethe iindlela zokuphila ezinika ubomi, nokuqalisa kwamsinyane utyalo-mali olufunekayo kwizibonelelo ukuze baqukuqele abantu kunye nempahla. Eli bhongo selivuselelwe ngamandla okuya phambili yimvumelwano yakutshanje ezuzekileyo phakathi kwam noSodolophu yokuba ukusekwa kwesithuthi esikhethekileyo makube sisicelo esithunyelwa kuwiso-mthetho lwephondo.
Ubume bethu kwiPGDS bakuvezwa kwinyanga ezayo ukuze uluntu lusebenze.
IPGDS yiyona ndlela yolungelelwaniso ingundoqo nefanele eli phondo, imele ukujongwa njengenkqubo-qhinga yokusebenza nonxulumaniso. Ngokuqhutywa liphondo elikhokelwa yiNkulumbuso, oku makusekwe njengomzamo osisongezelelo nowahlanganisela ezingxoxweni onke amaqela.
Xa sifumene oku kweli phondo lethu sikhokelelwa kwiPGDS, ngoku ndifuna ukuguqukela kwiindlela zokusebenza ekufuneka sizisekile size sizikhande ngokutsha ukuze kuqaliswe ngelinge lethu lophuhliso olufanele iPhondo eli..
IPGDS ngokwesiseko imalunga nokulungelelanisa, ukudibanisa nomanyaniso kuwo onke amacandelo karhulumente wephondo, phakathi kweendawo zikarhulumente, phakathi koogunyaziwe bakazwelonke, phakathi kukarhulumente nabo anxulumene nabo ngobuqabane.
Oku kungakho kuphela ngeziko lomgaqo-nkqubo elingqongqo phakathi kanye kurhulumente. Oku kufuna iKhabhinethi ezimiseleyo enakho ukuqhubela phambili inkqubo-qhinga yeKapa elihlumayo ngexesha lokunyubelezela kwalo kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo nangezenzo zabasebenzi kwiphondo. Kule meko sizinzise inkqubo entsha yeKhabhinethi ejoliswe kumalinge. Yona ibukela indlela yokwenziwa kwezinto ngolungelelwaniso.
Inkqubo entsha yeKhabhinethi ixhaswa ngumgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ovumelana nayo. Inkqubo yesebe lam yokuvuselela seyizise iqela elivuselelayo lomgaqo-nkqubo kurhulumente. Ekusekweni nasekusebenzeni kwayo, eli ziko litsha lomgaqo-nkqubo kwiSebe lam lakusebenzisa amandla ocalucalulo lwezoqoqosho nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwi-Ofisi kaNondyebo wePhondo nakwiqela labacalu-caluli bakamasipala kwiSebe leZindlu noRhulumente womMandla. Khona ngoku ezi ndawo zintathu sezifundisene ukusebenzisana zabulola nobugcisa bazo ekuphuhlisweni kwePGDS.
Oko kukuthi kunyaka olandelayo sakubona kugxigxiniswa ngocwangciso olunentsingiselo phakathi kurhulumente nokuzimisela kweli phondo okusekwe kwiNSDP nakwiPGDS. Ngokuhexa kwezopolitiko koomasipala abaninzi beli phondo, ndizimisele ukusebenzisa izixhobo zomThetho we-IGR ukuze kubekho inzolo nozinzo ndiqinisekise ngokunonophelwa konikezelo lweenkonzo ukuze elowo asebenzise ingqondo yokufikelela kwiinjongo ezingamalinge ePGDS, iKapa elihlumayo. Ngenxa yokuba sinoorhulumente bemimandla abalawulwa yimbumba, ngezo nguqu zinokuqhutyelwa phambili zezo mbumba, loo nto ayithethi ukuba uluntu maluxhwaleke lungabi nabuchule bokwenza izinto, malusilele kunikezelo lweenkozo okanye ezopolitiko zibe semngciphekweni.
IPCF iya kukhuthaza ulungelelwaniso lwemisebenzi karhulumente, lwamasebe kazwelonke, iindawo zikarhulumente namashishini emicimbi ekhethekileyo abenzeli abakhoyo kwiphondo eli, injongo kukuzinikela kwiinguqu ezibalulekileyo zenqila yeNtshona Koloni ukuze ezo zinto zibonakaliswe kakuhle zamkeleke nakumgaqo-nkqubo wesiyilelo sikazwelonke, kwiinkqubo, kwimibhalo yokuqala yoncedo lwemali nakwiiprowujekhthi, nokuphonononga igalelo elingapheziyo lophuhliso kwiNtshona Koloni njengoko sisiya phambili kwicala lokunikezela.
IsiYilelo soPhuhliso lweeNdawo zePhondo sasilumkisa kwakunyaka ophelileyo ngendlela yenzululwazi ngezelizwe engunobangela wokuhlaliswa kwabemi, kulapho agxile khona amathuba ezoqoqosho negalelo laloo ntshukumo kubutyebi bemvelo obukweli phondo. Ukuba le mibandela ingazezona zizathu zokusebenza kwePGDS, oko kuthetha ukuba imida yezopolitiko ayingebi yeyona ndlela iluncedo ekucwangciseni uphuhliso lokuChumisa ngendlela yokwaHlulelana. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na into, uChumiso ngokwaHlulelana nophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo lunganengqiqo yenzululwazi ngezelizwe eya kutyhoboza kuloo mida yezopolitiko koomasipala.
Kweli inqanaba into evelayo yimiMandla emiThathu yoCwangciso loPhuhliso. IQumrhu leNkulumbuso leeNgxoxo zoLungelelwaniso kwamsinyane kwakufuneka lixoxe ngokubekwa kwale miMandla ngokusesikweni ukuze kuncediswe ekukhuliseni ngokufanelekileyo kuphuhliselwe ulungelelwaniso oluphucukileyo kuxhokonxwe iindlela zenkcitho notyalo-mali ngokuhlakaniphileyo.
Kwakhona sakuwuqinisa siwuzinzise njengomzi wethu osemandleni ezoqoqosho. Nangoku ama-85% erhafu eyongeziweyo kweli phondo avela kule ngingqi.
Le nto ithetha ukuba kufuneka sibe nonxulumelwano olunzulu nabezoshishino, oko makungapheleli kwiPhondo eli. INtshona Koloni ijongene nokhuphiswano oluya phambili ukususela kwiimveliso esizithengise kwamanye amazwe ngokwesithethe phofu, sijongene nemingeni exhalisayo evela kwamanye amazwe afana neNew Zealand (kwiifilimu) ne-India (ekukhupheni umsebenzi weenkqubo zoshishino). Noxa kunjalo ilizwe lethu lithandeka kakhulu kangangokuba iinkokeli zehlabathi, ezikazwelonke nezikwimimandla yethu zinomdla wokusebenzisana nathi zisicebisa. IQumrhu elinjalo labaCebisi lakubizelwa kwiindibano xa unyaka sowuza kuphela, oko kwakufana nqwa namanqwanqwa esakuthathela kuwo siphucule uqoqosho lwethu sikwazi nokufikelela kwezo zinto kujoliswe kuzo.
Olunye uncedo oluqaqambileyo kulawo ahlukileyo eNtshona Koloni lolokuba sineeDyunivesithi ezine ezizezalapha, ukanti sikwanalo nophawu lweDyunivesithi yoMzantsi-Afrika, (i-Unisa ukutsho oko). Kanti ke sicothile ekuwusebenziseni lo mthombo uxabisekileyo. Xa ubusiya esiphelweni unyaka ophelileyo siwabizile onke amaSekela-Ngqonyela eedyunivesithi sifuna ukuxoxa ngendlela esinokuhlobana ngayo kwicala loncedo.
Ukususela ngoko sekukho intsebenziswano neCHEC, oko kukuthi iNtlangano yamaQumrhu eMfundo ePhakamileyo yaseKoloni emele iiDyunivesithi, injongo kukuqulunqa iNkqubo yokuSebenzisana ngokuKhula ngendlela yokwaBelana kweli phondo. Lo msebenzi uza kuphelela kwiNdibano yeeNkokeli zamaZiko eMfundo ePhakamileyo kuRhulumente wePhondo xa uza kuphela lo nyaka. Kuloo Ndibano sakuba neMvumelwano yeMbumba eya kunceda kulungelelwaniso phakathi kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo zeeDyunivesithi neNkqubo-qhinga yobuGcisa obuNqongopheleyo ukuze kufezekiswe imizamo yeKapa eliHlumayo.
Ulwahlulelwano ngokwamalinge nabatyali-mali abaphambili kunye needyunivesithi lufezekisa iinjongo zabasebenzisanayo bamaziko, bolwahlulelwano nabothetha-thethwano kwiPDC. Ngonyaka ka-2006 umsebenzi wethu uya kugxila kwiPGDS. Le nkqubo iya kubandakanya uthotho lwemisebenzi namacandelo onke abemi ukuze sikwazi ukwakha isiseko esiqaqambileyo ngokwentando nemvumelwano yoluntu, inkqubo yokuchuma ngokwahlulelana nenkqubo yophuhliso olumanyanisiweyo. Izalathisi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo, nezolawulo lwePGDS zizo eziza kuwomeleza umsebenzi wePDC kuba imisebenzi iya kuxhomekeka kwezona zinto ziphambili kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali nokwenzekayo kwisebe.
Zonke iinjongo, amalinge nolwahlulelwano lwakuba ngamampunge ngaphandle kokuba singaziqinisekisa ngamandla kaRhulumente. Besisoloko sijongene nalo mngeni ngokugqibeleleyo nangeendlela ezithile ukususela mhla ndaqalisayo ukusebenza. Lilonke sendikwinqanaba lokunika ingxelo ngenkqubela ebhadlileyo malunga nalo mbandela.
Eburhulumenteni zakubanawo amandla okunamathela kumgaqo-nkqubo nolungelelwaniso ngexa ziqwalaselwe yiPGDS. Ziza kukhokela ekulamleni kwintaphane yezinto zamaxabiso ezizezomntu nezoluntu luphela ukuze kubekho ingqwalasela kwezi zinto zilandelayo: ubuchule okanye ubugcisa, uqhelaniso, amandla okuziphatha nawokulolonga kwezoLawulo kuqinisekiswa ngentsebenziswano eneziqhamo kwiNkqubo yoChumiso ngendlela yokwaBelana.
Kwakhona ezi nkokeli zintsha zikwangabameli bePhondo kwicandelo labasebenzi ekubhaleni nasekufundeni amanani abazelweyo, ababhubhileyo nabagulayo eNtshona Koloni. Ngoku sesiqeshe abantu abangama-46 ekubeni izikhundla ezikhoyo zingama-53. Kwezo zingama-46 ama-31 eepesenti ngama-Afrika, iipesenti ezingama-45 ngabeBala, abeLungu baziipesenti ezingama-24. Kwezo zikhundla zingama-46 ngo-2004 sibe nenkqubela yokuba ne-9% engabantu ababhinqileyo, kanti ngoku sebeyile kuma-33% abantu ababhinqileyo. Apho urhulumente kufuneka ekhawuleze wanabameli kusebantwini abakhubazekileyo okanye abayimilwelwe. La manani eemeko zabantu azise umahluko kwiimeko ezitenxileyo nezizodwa endaba phantsi kwazo eminyakeni emibini egqithileyo, ingakumbi kwiimeko apho um-Afrika wayemnye kuphela endandinaye njengenkokeli. Kwezi zikhundla ziseleyo sakuzama ukuphucula inkqubo yabameli ingakumbi abeBala kunye nabantu ababhinqileyo nangona loo nto singazokuyinyanzelisa.
Isithethi sithi, oyena ndoqo wohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwam lwesithathu njengeNkulumbuso beluzungeleze iPGDS, ezingqondweni ndilungiselela iNtshona Koloni kuChumiso ngendlela yokwaBelana. Oku kungenzeka kuba sesiqalisile ngeminye kwimisebenzi enzima yokuguqula imimiselo kweli Phondo.
Kanti nokuba siyathetha apha namhlanje, okukhawulezileyo esimele ukuba sikwenze kuyankenteza kulo lonke eli Phondo. Ebantwini abaninzi kusagquba ubuhlwempu, ukungaqeshwa, ubundlobongela nezifo eziphuma apho. Kukho amadabi emihla ngemihla phakathi kwabemi abaqhelekileyo nabanye abanje ngamapolisa kunye nabo banenkolelo yokuba iimeko zokuhleleleka nokuhlupheka kwabo zibanika ilungelo lokwaphula umthetho. Ndibhekisa kwizikrelemnqa, abanamashishini okuthengisa iziyobisi, kwakhona ndibhekisa kwendinovelwano ngabo ngenxa yomsebenzi oyingozi abaxakeke nguwo, lowo wokukhusela thina nangona bezuza imivuzo ephantsi kakhulu. Malunga nogwayimbo olusemthethweni lokufezekisa iinjongo ezithile, kukho abasuke baziphatha ngendlela esenze samangaliswa asathemba nokuba bangakwazi na ukugcina into ekuthiwa lixabiso kweli Phondo. Andiyithandabuzi into yokuba xa sikhokelwa ngamapolisa, sakuqhubela phambili ekukhuseleni iinkokeli zethu, abemi beli lizwe, abasebenzisa izithuthi zikawonke-wonke mihla le, ukuhluma kwethu, konke oko kokhuselwa kulwaphulo-mthetho.
Isithethi sithi, eminyakeni edlulileyo ibe mininzi imingeni kwinjongo yethu yokwenza eli Phondo libe liKhaya Lethu Sonke. Inkqubo yonyulo lukaRhulumente womMandla iyibuyisele emva imvisiswano ebiphakathi kweentlanga nokubumbana koluntu ebesisoloko sifuna ukulwakha. Iziphumo zonyulo nobumbano olungenasizinzo zisisoyikiso kuzinzo ebelusekwe nzima kweli Phondo. Okubalulekileyo kukuba likhona ithinzi lamacala amabini achaseneyo, ukuzithi gu bucala nokwahlukana eNtshona Koloni.
Ingaba oku kuthetha ukuba seyiwe phantsi yaye ayisenakuzameka injongo yeKhaya Lethu Sonke Xa uNkosi Albert Luthuli le njongo waqala ngokuyifezekisa ngezigalo, kangangeminyaka engamashumi amathathu kwaqalisa imbubho ebuhlungu yabantu elizweni. Xa kusetyenziswa ubuchule bukaGramsci bokuba elo themba lifezekiswa emva kweminyaka emininzi, kufuneka thina sibambane ngamandla kusetyenzwe nzima ukuze siziqinisekise ngeKhaya Lethu Sonke?
Ngokunjalo sakubhiyozela iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu okugxalathelana koomama kwi-Union Buildings, oko kukuthi izakhiwo zikaRhulumente. Asizokwanela ukubonisa ukunganeliseki kwabo njengabantu ababhinqileyo ababephantsi koRhulumente weNgcinezelo, siza kubeka ilungelo labo lokuba ngabemi abafaniswa nqo nabanye abantu nabaza kumanyaniswa noluntu kude kube ngunaphakade.
Kule mibhiyozo yomibini, amaSebe kaRhulumente wePhondo asebenza nzima ezimisele ukunikezela ngento endiyithathe njengenxalenye yePhulo lokuBulela kulutsha nakumakhosikazi. Ngoku ndibiza le Ndlu, abemi nemibutho yeli Phondo ukuba kunyulwe abo - nokuba sekukudala babhuba okanye basaphila - nyulani kulutsha nakumakhosikazi, abo nikholelwa ekubeni bayifanele imbeko enokuboniswa yiNtshona Koloni kubemi bayo ukuze umzekelo oqulathe amagama abo siwuphakamisele phezulu njengeempawu zenkululeko, zomanyano lwethu neentsika zeKhaya Lethu Sonke.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Subsistenceandasmallscalefishingexemption.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukulobela ukuphila kunxulumene noluntu olusemanxwemeni olusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo zaselwandle njengento oluyityayo, nangona besenokuthi bazithengise okanye bananiselane ngazo apho kulo ngqingi bakuyo. Njengangoku, abalobi abalobela ukuphila balawulwa ngeminyinyiva yokuxolelwa de kube lelo thuba lokuba kumiselwe umgaqo-nkqubo onokusetyenziswa malunga noku. Ukuze umntu abenako ukufikelela kwizinto eziphilayo zaselwandle njengomlobi olobela ukuphila, makenze isicelo somnyinyiva wokuxolelwa kuqala ukuze avunyelwe ukuba enze umsebenzi wokuvuna iintlanzi okanye enze imisebenzi enxulumene nokuloba, elobela ukuphila nokwenzela iinjongo zokushishina ngokungephi.
Ukuze usebenzisa ilungelo lakho lokuloba, yenza isicelo somnyinyiva wokuxolelwa esivunywa nguMphathiswa weSebe leMicimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho okanye omnye umntu onegunya lokwenza okophantsi kwesiqendu 81 kuMthetho we-Marine Living Resources Act, . Ukuze umntu anikwe umnyinyiva wokuxolelwa, makenze isicelo kwiiKomiti ezisebenzisanayo zoLawulo zeNgingqi kwaye kufuneka afaneleke kuzo zonke iimfuneko ezimiselweyo. Ngokomthetho akukho mntu uya kulobela injongo yokuphila okanye ukulobela injongo yokushishina okungephi ngaphandle kwemvume.
Yenza isicelo somnyinyiva wokuxolelwa ngokusebenzisa iikomiti zolawulo ezisebenzisanayo zengingqi zakuba izicelo zomnyinyiva wokuxolelwa ziphelelwe ekupheleni konyaka ngamnye.
Abalobi abasanda kungena/kujoyina kufuneka bafaneleke kwiimfuneko zokulobela ukuphila nokulobela iinjongo zokushishina okungephi phambi kokuba kukhutshwe imvume yomnyinyiva wokuxolelwa.
Umenzi-sicelo makabonise ukuba leliphi na icandelo okanye icandelo lokuloba aza kusebenza kulo.
Amagosa esebe abiza intlanganiso yabahlali ukuze akhuphe iimvume zomnyinyiva wokuxolelwa kubo bonke abalobi ababhalisiweyo.
Phambi kokukhupha imvume zomnyinyiva wokuxolelwa abasebenzi besebe bacacisa imiqathango yemvume yomnyinyiva wokuxolelwa nomthamo oqingqiweyo womthwalo.
Bonke abanemvume zomnyinyiva wokuxolelwa balindeleke ukuba basayine kuluhlu lokuvuma ukuba bazifumene iimvume zabo zomnyinyiva wokuxolelwa.
Inkqubo yokwenza isicelo ingathatha inyanga enye okanye ngaphezulu ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo wezicelo.
Iimvume zomnyinyiva wokuxolelwa zikhutshwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Taxdirectiveretirementannuityrequest.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Esi sicelo kufuneka sifakwe xa umntu efikelele kwiminyaka yobudala yomhlala-phantsi kwaye enqwenela ukuxhamla iinzuzo ezivuniweyo kwipolisi yomhlala-phantsi ehlawula ngonyaka.
Esi sicelo singenziwa naxa ilungu lifuna ukutshintshela iinzuzo zalo zengxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi ehlawula ngonyaka lizise kwenye ingxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi ehlawula ngonyaka.
ifani yomrhafi oonobumba bokuqala bamagama omrhafi umhla wokuzalwa womrhafi inombolo ye-ID yomrhafi okanye enye inombolo eyodwa yokwazisa ngaye uhlobo lwesicelo sesikhokelo serhafu isizathu sesicelo sesikhokelo serhafu i-adresi yendawo kunye nokhowudi yeposi yomrhafi i-adresi yeposi kunye nekhowudi yeposi yeziko okanye yomqashi umvuzo wonyaka womrhafi.
Eyona ndlela ilula kakhulu yokwenza isicelo sesikhokelo kukusifaka nge-eFiling. Isicelo sakho sesikhokelo esenziwe ngale ndlela sidla ngokuvunywa kwisithuba seeyure ezingama 48.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. TaxiBrochureXhosa. Pdf.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ukhuseleko neemeko ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo ziya kuba ngcono xa kuthe kwasetyenziswa le nkqubo intsha.
EKapa nakwezinye izixeko ezinjengeGoli kukho imodeli entsha ehlongozwayo yokuqhuba ushishino lweeteksi. Le modeli kulapho ushishino lokutekisa lufumana ithuba lokusebenzisa iintlobo ezintsha zokuthutha uluntu njengeNkqubo esiHlanganisiweyo nesiKhawulezayo sokuHambisa uLuntu.
Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukungenelela kwaba noteksi sele bekho kwimanyano yentsebenziswano apho baya kufumana ubunini-zabelo kumashishini amatsha okuthutha abantu. La mashishini aya kulawula imihlambi yeenqwelo ezintsha ze anikezele ngeenkonzo zothutho lwabakhweli oluqhubeka rhoqo kwiindlela ezichongiweyo zeeteksi ezibubhasirha nezo zingoochola-chola.
Ukwanda kwabakhweli kule nkqubo intsha, nanjengoko abantu abaninzi baya kubhenela kwizithuthi zikawonke-wonke endaweni yeemoto zabo zabucala.
Le nkqubo intsha iveza amathuba amatsha ukuze abo bashishina ngeeteksi babe nako ukukhulisa amashishini abo, ze bakwazi ukuthabatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo intsha eya kwenza ngcono isixeko sethu.
Abanini ziteksi nabanini zibhasi sele beqalile ukukhulisa nokwenza amashishini abo abenokulungela ukwenza izinto ezininzi ezahlukileyo, ngokusebenzisa amathuba avelayo kwezokhenketho kwakunye nothutho lwabafundi. Abanye oosomashishini bade bangenelela ezinye iintlobo zoshishino ezizalana nolu lwabo ushishino, kuqukwa iigaraji zokutha amafutha, imizi yokuthengisa izithuthi kwakunye neendawo zokulungisa nokugcina izithuthi zisemgangathweni.
Ushishino lweeteksi luye luvuthwa kwaye abarhwebi nabantu abaluqhubayo babonakalise ukuba bangawakha ze bawahlumise amashishini abo.
Nanjengoko iSixeko saseKapa siqhubeka phambili neNkqubo eHlanganisiweyo neKhawulezayo yokuHanjiswa kwoLuntu, isixeko esi sifuna ukwakha intsebenziswano eluqilima nabanini ziteksi esele bekho ekucwangcisweni nasekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo le, nabaya kuthi ekugqibeleleni basebenzise ezo nkonzo zintsha ziqulunqwayo.
Amashishini eebhasi naweteksi asele ekho kufuneka ukuba abe nelizwi kumcimbi wokuqulunqwa kwale nkqubo intsha. Ubugcisa abanabo buya kuba negalelo elikhulu kakhulu ekunikeni abakhweli nabaxhasi jikelele iinkonzo ezisemgangathweni.
Le nkqubo intsha iya kwandisela abanini-ziteksi ingeniso. Oku kuya kwenzeka ngenxa yemizila ebekelwe ukuhamba iiteksi neebhasi, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ngcono nangoqoqosho, ukuthengwa ngokwezambuku kweentlobo ezintsha zezithuti kwakunye neentsimbi zazo, kwakunye nobhengezo-ntengiso oluququzelelwe ngokukuko lokutsala abakhweli nabaxhasi abatsha.
ISixeko saseKapa siceba ukwenza iinguqu ezinkulu kakhulu ngokuphathelele kwinkqubo yezothutho yesixeko ngokungeniswa kweNkqubo eHlanganisiweyo neKhawulezayo yokuHambisa uLuntu.
Owona ndoqo nenjongo yale nkqubo iya kuba bubukho bothutho oluxhomekeke phantse lonke ezibhasini kuso sonke isixeko, iiyure ezili-19, iintsuku ezisixhenxe ngeveki.
Oku kuya kwenza abantu baseKapa nabatyeleli ukuba bafikelele kwiindawo zonke ngokukhawuleza okukhulu nangokukhuselekileyo.
Kukho amathuba amahle kakhulu oshishino avelayo koonoteksi esele bekho kwinkqubo eyandayo yothutho loluntu. ISixeko saseKapa sixoxa nabezeeteksi ukwakha ubudlelwane obuya kuqinisekisa okuqinisekisa impumelelo yale nkqubo.
Olu shishino lweeteksi likhonkco elibalulekileyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba uluntu nabahlali abanzuzo iphantsi bayayifikelela imisebenzi namanye amaziko kwisixeko esi xa sisonke.
Lo gama ushishino lweeteksi beluqhubeka nokuhluma luphantsi kweemeko ezinzima zengcinezelo, luye lwaqhubeka nokudlala indima enkulu entlalweni yoMzantsi Afrika ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, kwaye akuthandabuzeki ukuba lusaza kuqhubeka naloo ndima nakwixa elizayo.
Ukongeza kwezi nkonzo zibaluleke kangaka zokuthutha abakhweli, eli shishini lotekiso likwangumqeshi omkhulu kwaye iintsapho ezininzi ekuhlaleni zixhomekeke kweli shishini ukuze zifumane into esiwa phantsi kwempumlo.
Esi sigaba sokuqala lilinge okanye umkhondo wendlela eza kuhamba ngayo iprojekthi xa iyonke, kwaye sijolise kwimimandla yesixeko eza kufuna iinkonzo zothutho ezikhethekileyo ukufika koKhuphiswano lweNdebe yeHlabathi yeFIFA ka-2010TM.
Kulapha kwesi sigaba ke apho kuya kuvavanywa ukusebenza kwezixhobo nezinye izinto ze kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso apho kuyimfuneko. Kananjalo esi sigaba siya kunika ishishini leeteksi kuso sonke isixeko ithuba lokubona indlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo, kwakunye nentlaninge yamathuba avezwa lushishino lweeteksi xa lulonke.
Inkqubo le xa iyonke.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Tenders.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Terms.2010-03-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ngamanye amazwi ke, kufuneka ungathembeli nakuyiphi na intetho ngaphandle kokuqala ufumane ingcebiso esuka kwingcali ngoku. Asiyi kuba natyala nangayiphi na ilahleko ethe yadaleka ngenxa yokwenza okanye yokungenzi kwakho, nantoni na ngenxa yokusebenzisa ingxam ekule website okanye nayiphi na ingxenye yayo.
Nangona siyakwenza konke okusemandleni ukunikezela ngendlela yokufikeleleka kwe-website yeCape Gateway ngamaxesha onke, ngaphandle kweziphazamiso, asikuqinisekisi oko. Asamkeli xanduva okanye tyala ngaso nasiphi na isiphazamiso okanye ukulibaziseka.
Ungakwazi ukufikelela kwezinye iiwebsite ngokusebenzisa amakhonkco akule yeCape Gateway. Ezi website azikho phantsi kolawulo lwethu yaye asinaxanduva nangayiphi na indlela ngenxa yento ebhalwe okanye efumaneka kuzo.
Le migaqo yokusetyenziswa inokungafani ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Nceda uqinisekise ukuba uyijongisisa rhoqo le migaqo nemiqathango njengoko uya kuthatyathwa njengolwamkeleyo olo hlobo lwayo ukuba uyaqhubekeka ngokusebenzisa le website emva kokuba olo hlobo lupapashiwe.
Le migaqo yokusetyenziswa ilawulwa ngumthetho kwaneenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Terms.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ezi zizigqibo nemiqathango eyenzelwe ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwe-website yeCape Gateway. Ezi zigqibo nale miqathango isebenza rhoqo xa ungena kule website. Kwezi zigqibo nale miqathango, xa sisithi Cape Gateway, sithetha ngale website, akukhathaliseki nokuba uyifumana ngoluphi na uhlobo.
Ngokusebenzisa le website, uthathwa njengoyamkeleyo le miqathango.
I-Cape Gateway izama ukuqinisekisa ukuba le website ihlala ihlaziyekile isenjengoko ibinjalo kangangoko. Kusenjalo, iCape Gateway ayamkeli naluphi na uxanduva nangayiphi na intetho kwizibhalo ezilapha kule website, de kube lapho imvume yomthetho ingagqitheli khona.
Ngamanye amazwi ke, kufuneka ungathembeli nakuyiphi na intetho ngaphandle kokuqala ufumane ingcebiso esuka kwingcali ngoku. Asiyi kuba natyala nangayiphi na ilahleko ethe yadaleka ngenxa yokwenza okanye yokungenzi kwakho, nantoni na ngenxa yokusebenzisa ingxam ekule website okanye nayiphi na ingxenye yayo.
Asinikezeli ngasiqinisekiso salo naluphi na uhlobo ngokumayela neCape Gateway okanye ingxam ekwi-website yayo. Ngokukodwa, asinasiqinisekiso sokuba iCape Gateway okanye nayiphi enye yeengxam zayo asinazintsholongwane. Mayela noku, kufuneka wenze izicwangciso ezizezakho, ezifana nokusebenzisa iindlela nezixhobo zokunqanda iintsholongwane, njengoko singamkeli xanduva lwako nakuphi na ukosuleleka yintsholongwane okanye yiyo nayphi na into emdaka okanye nayintoni na enezixhobo ezinokonakalisa ikhompyutha yayo.
Nangona siyakwenza konke okusemandleni ukunikezela ngendlela yokufikeleleka kwe-website yeCape Gateway ngamaxesha onke, ngaphandle kweziphazamiso, asikuqinisekisi oko. Asamkeli xanduva okanye tyala ngaso nasiphi na isiphazamiso okanye ukulibaziseka.
Ungakwazi ukufikelela kwezinye iiwebsite ngokusebenzisa amakhonkco akule yeCape Gateway. Ezi website azikho phantsi kolawulo lwethu yaye asinaxanduva nangayiphi na indlela ngenxa yento ebhalwe okanye efumaneka kuzo.
Nceda ufunde iPrivacy Notice neCopyright Licence yethu. Ngokusebenzisa lw website, uthatyathwa njengokufundileyo nokuqondisisileyo ku.
Le migaqo yokusetyenziswa inokungafani ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Nceda uqinisekise ukuba uyijongisisa rhoqo le migaqo nemiqathango njengoko uya kuthatyathwa njengolwamkeleyo olo hlobo lwayo ukuba uyaqhubekeka ngokusebenzisa le website emva kokuba olo hlobo lupapashiwe.
Le migaqo yokusetyenziswa ilawulwa ngumthetho kwaneenkundla zoMzantsi Afrika.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. TermsAndConditions.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Nawuphina umntu ovula le website ukwenza oko phantsi kweemeko nemiqathango exelwe kwesi saziso sasemthethweni, kwaye uyazivuma iimeko nemiqathango exelwe kwesi saziso sasemthethweni. Ukubangaba umsebenzisi akanqweneli kubopheleleka kwezi meko nakule miqathango, umsebenzisi akanakuyivula, aveze, asebenzise okanye akhuphe futhi kungenjalo akope okanye asasaze, okanye kungenjalo akope okanye asasaze imiba equlathiweyo efunyenwe kule website.
Abasebenzisi bangajonga, bakope, bakhuphele kumatshini wesiqhelo, baprinte kwaye basasaze imiba equlathwe kule website okanye nayiphina inxenye yayo, ngeenjongo zokufumana ikcazelo okanye zokubhekisa nokucaphula kuphela, kunye nangeenjongo ezingezizo ezorhwebo.
Yonke imiba equlathiweyo, uvimba wenkcazelo, iimpawu okanye amagama okwazisa ngempahla nezinto okanye ngeemveliso, kubandakanywa, kodwa kungaphelelanga kuzo, izixhobo ezifakwa kwikhompiyutha, ubuchwepheshe, iziseko zokugcina nezinguvimba wenkcazelo, ulwazi lokwenza into ethile, umsebenzi othile obhaliweyo, ubugcisa bezinto ezizobiweyo neziphawulwe ngokubonakala ngamehlo, iimpawu ezimele izinto ezithile, izinxulumanisi ezigqithisela kwimiqulu ethile, inkcazelo yabucala, uyilo, inkqubo, upapasho, imveliso, inkqubo okanye umbono wasengqondweni, ochazwe kule website, zingaba phantsi kwamanye amalungelo, kubandakanywa amanye amalungelo empahla nezinto eziyimveliso yengqondo, ayimpahla ye-GCIS okanye anelayisensi enomnikazi oyi-GCIS, okanye iziko lasemthethweni, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ke akhuselweyo ekubeni aphulwe ngumthetho waseMzantsi Afrika kunye nezivumelwano zamazwe ehlabathi. Phantsi kwamalungelo anikwe umsebenzisi apha, onke amanye amalungelo kuzo zonke impahla nezinto eziyimveliso yengqondo kule website, abekwe pahaha, kwaye ngokuveza lo vimba wenkcazelo kule website, umsebenzisi akanikwa ilayisensi okanye akagunyaziswa.
Le nkcazelo ikule website inenjongo yokunika inkcazelo ngokubanzi kwisihloko esithile okanye kwizihloko ezithile kwaye ayijongani naso sonke isihloko okanye zonke izihloko ngokugqibeleleyo.
Luxanduva lomsebenzisi kuphela ukuzanelisa phambi kokuvula le website malunga nokuba le website iyakuzifezekisa na iimfuno ezizezomsebenzisi, kwaye iyakufanelana na nobuxhakaxhaka kunye nezixhobo ezifakwa kwikhompiyutha, okanye iyakufanelana na nezixhobo ezifakwa kwikhompiyutha. Inkcazelo, imibono yasengqondweni kunye nezimvo ezivakaliswe kwesi siza mazingathathwa ngokuba ziingcebiso zobuchule boqeqesho okanye izimvo ezigunyazisiweyo ze-GCIS okanye zalo naliphina iziko lasemthethweni ekufakwe inkcazelo, imibono yasengqondweni kunye nezimvo zalo kule website. Abasebenzisi bayakhuthazwa ukuba babonisane neengcebiso zobuchule boqeqesho phambi kokuba bathabathe amanyathelo awayamene nenkcazelo, imibono yasengqondweni okanye izimvo ezivakaliswe kwesi siza.
I-GCIS ayimelanga nto okanye ayenzi zithembiso zokuqinisekisa, eziboniswe ngokungavelanga gca okanye ngenye indlela, zokuba, phakathi kwezinye izinto, imiba equlathwe apha kunye nobuchwepheshe obufumaneka kwesi siza abunazimpazamo okanye izinto ezishiyiweyo, okanye zokuba le nkonzo iyakusinda ngokupheleleyo kuphazamiseko nakwiimpazamo, okanye iyakufezekisa indlela ethile yokwenza umsebenzi okanye yomgangatho. Esi siza sinikwa "njengoko sinjalo". I-GCIS iyazala pahaha zonke izithembiso zokuqinisekisa ezingavelanga gca, kubandakanywa, ngaphandle kokuqingqa, izithembiso zokuqinisekisa ukurhwebiseka nokuthengiseka, itayitile, ukulungela injongo ethile, ukungophulwa, ukufanelana, ukhuselo kunye nokuchaneka, kwaye ayimeli okanye ayenzi zithembiso zokuqinisekisa, ezivakaliswe pahaha okanye ngokungavelanga gca, malunga nemiba equlathwe yile website, namalunga nokuba i-website iqulungqelwe okanye ikhutshelwe ukufezekisa iimfuneko ezizezomsebenzisi. Abasebenzisi bayakhuthazwa ukuba bazixele naziphina iimpazamo ezinokuthi zibekhona, ukungasebenzi kakuhle okanye izinto ezikhubekisayo nezimanyumnyezi, ngokusebenzisa unxulumaniso lokunika inkcazelo ngeziphumo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwemiba equlathwe apha kule website kungumngcipheko womsebenzisi. Umsebenzisi uthabatha uxanduva olupheleleyo kunye nomngcipheko welahleko evela kusetyenziso lwemiba equlathwe apha kwesi siza. I-GCIS okanye naliphina iziko lasemthethweni ekufakwe inkcazelo yalo kwesi siza, okanye abaqeshwa be-GCIS, okanye elo ziko, abayikuba noxanduva lokufaneleka ekubeni bakhuphe intlawulo yembuyekezo yomonakalo elungiselelwe imeko ethile, engekho nqo, evela ngokwayamana, esisiphumo okanye esisohlwayo esogqitha imbuyekezo okanye nayiphina enye intlawulo yembuyekezo yomonakalo nokuba kungeyiphina indlela, nokuba kukumanyathelo ekhontrakthi, umthetho obhaliweyo owiswe yindlu yowiso-mthetho, isenzo esingalunganga nesaphula ilungelo , okanye ngenye indlela, eyayamene nokusetyenziswa kwalo mqulu okanye kwale nkcazelo. Ukubangaba nawuphina umba kule idlulileyo awunyanzeliseki ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yaso nasiphina isizathu, le iseleyo imiba yona iyakuqhubeka ukusebenziseka naxa kunjalo. Phantsi kwecandelo 43 necandelo 43 loMthetho woNxibelelwano neNtengiselwano ngokoMatshini woMbane , i-GCIS ayiyikubanoxanduva lokufaneleka kuyo nayiphina intlawulo yembuyekezo yomonakalo, ilahleko okanye uxanduva lokufaneleka lwalo naluphina uhlobo nokuba kuyiyo nayiphina indlela, oluvela ekusetyenzisweni okanye ekungakwazini ukusebenzisa le website, okanye iinkonzo okanye imiba equlathiweyo ekhutshwa ngale website okanye enikwa ngokwale website.
Unxulumaniso oluthile kwisinikezeli seenkqubo ze-web lukhokelela kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo ezigcinwa nezilondolozwa ngababandakanyeki besithathu i-GCIS engenalawulo kubo. I-GCIS ayimeli nto okanye ayenzi sithembiso sokuqinisekisa ngokumalunga nokuchaneka kwezo zinto zisetyenziswayo okanye nawuphina omnye umba owayamene nezo zinto zisetyenziswayo.
Ukubangaba umsebenzisi udinga nayiphina inkcazelo kwi-GCIS malunga neenkonzo zayo okanye imiba equlathwe kule website, kungasetyenziswa unxulumaniso lokunika inkcazelo ngeziphumo.
I-GCIS inemigangatho yorhwebo enengqiqo yobuchwepheshe kunye nokhuselo lokwenza imisebenzi ukuze ikhusele yonke inkcazelo enikwe ngabasebenzisi, ekulahlekeni, kusetyenziso kakubi, kuguqulo okanye kutshatyalaliso. Kuyakuthatyathwa wonke amanyathelo anengqiqo ukuze kukhuselwe inkcazelo yomsebenzisi. Abasebenzi abagunyazisiweyo abanoxanduva lokugcina nokulondoloza nawuphina uvimba wenkcazelo enikiweyo efanele ukunonophelwa, bafuneka ukuba bagcine loo vimba wenkcazelo eyimfihlo. Lo mgaqo usebenziseka kubo bonke abaqeshwa be-GCIS okanye amaqumrhu oluntu angafumana loo nkcazelo kwi-GCIS. Kuyatsoliswa ukungavumeleki kwakhe nawuphina umntu, ishishini okanye iziko ukuba lifumane okanye lizame ukufumana ufikelelo olungagunyaziswanga kulo naliphina iphepha kule website, okanye lifake okanye lizame ukufaka uvimba wophawu olonakalisayo okanye olunenjongo yokwenzakalisa kule website. Ukubangaba umntu ufaka okanye uzama ukufaka nawuphina uvimba wophawu owonakalisayo okanye oneenjongo zokwenzakalisa kule website, okanye uzama ukufumana ufikelelo olungagunyaziswanga kulo naliphina iphepha kule website, loo mntu uyakumangalelwa ngesenzo sobugebenga, kwaye, ukubangaba i-GCIS, okanye naliphina iqumrhu loluntu lingonakalelwa okanye lifumane ilahleko, kuyakubangwa intlawulo yembuyekezo yomonakalo wentlalo.
Umsebenzisi angatyelela esi siza ngaphandle kokunika inkcazelo ngaye ubuqu. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzisi uyaluvuma usetyenziso lwalo vimba wenkcazelo ngokuhambisana nesi sitetimenti sokubanethuba lakho wedwa labucala. Nceda uqaphele ukuba esi siza singaqulatha unxulumaniso nezinye iziza ezingalawulwayo sesi sitetimenti sokubanethuba lakho wedwa labucala.
Inkcazelo yobuqu isetyenziswa kuphela ngeenjongo eziqingqiweyo, umzekelo xa umsebenzisi ebhalisa kwi-website ukuze acele unxibelelwano lwexa elizayo malunga nemimandla yeminqweno ye-GCIS. I-GCIS ingayisebenzisa inkcazelo enikwe ngumsebenzisi ukuze iseke ubume bobuqu ukuze iqhelanise iindlela zayo zokusabela kwizicelo ezizayo okanye kwizicelo zokubuzisa kunye nokuphucula i-website. Xa umsebenzisi ekhetha ukubhalisa kwi-online ukuze afumane imiba ekhutshwa yi-GCIS, i-GCIS iyakusebenzisa inkcazelo enikwe ngumsebenzisi ukuze iphendule umsebenzisi. Ngaphezulu koko, umlawuli we-web, apho kuyimfuneko, angasebenzisa inkcazelo yomsebenzisi kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo eyayamene nesiza. I-GCIS iyakuqinisekisa ukuba nayiphina imisebenzi yentengiso iyahambisana nomthetho obandakanyekayo kwaye isetyenziswa ngemigaqo yokufumana imvume eyimfuneko phambi kokuthumela i-e-mail yomsebenzisi equlathe inkcazelo ngeenkonzo ze-GCIS. Naninina, umsebenzisi angacela i-GCIS ukuba iyeke ukuthumela loo nkcazelo kumsebenzisi, ngokusebenzisa unxulumaniso lokunika inkcazelo ngeziphumo okanye lokucima ubhaliso.
Nangona nje i-GCIS inganika inkcazelo yomsebenzisi kubaniki-nkonzo abaphatha inkcazelo egameni layo, ayidli ngokwabelana ngenkcazelo nababandakanyeki besithathu okanye amanye amaziko oluntu ngeenjongo ezikwinqanaba lesibini okanye ezingayamenanga, ngaphandle kokuba kuvezwe ngenye indlela kwindawo yokuqokelela.
Inkcazelo yobuqu ingakhutshwa ngokwamazwe ehlabathi ngokwe-GCIS okanye kubabandakanyeki besithathu ngeenjongo ezichazwe apha ngasentla. Oku akuyi kubandakanya utshintshelo kumazwe angenamigaqo yokukhusela uvimba wenkcazelo efana naleyo isetyenziswa kwilizwe ekuhlala kulo umsebenzisi. Ngokunika inkcazelo kwi-GCIS ngokwale website, umsebenzisi uyaluvuma olo tshintshelo.
Xa kufanelekile, inkcazelo ngobuqu bomntu ingavezwa kwii-arhente zokunyanzelisa umthetho, okanye ezokugqalisela okanye ezinye ii-arhente zikarhulumente okanye ababandakanyeki besithathu xa kuyimfuneko okanye kunqweneleka ukuze kuhanjiswane noxanduva lwasemthethweni okanye logqaliselo okanye nezicelo, okanye ngeenjongo ezichazwe apha ngasentla.
Ukubangaba inkcazelo yobuqu ithunyelwe kule website, abasebenzisi abanqwenela ukuqwalasela ngokutsha inkcazelo yabo yobuqu bangakwenza oko ngokucela olo qwalaselo ngokutsha ngonxulumaniso lokunika inkcazelo ngeziphumo. Abasebenzisi bayakuthi ke bakwazi ukufikelela kubume babo bobusebenzisi, balungise kwaye bafake inkcazelo yakutshanje kwiinkcukacha zabo, okanye bacime ubhaliso naninina. Abasebenzisi abanengxaki ngokuveza ubume babo bobusebenzisi, okanye abangathanda ukucela ikopi yenkcazelo yobuqu babo, kufanele banxulumane nomlawuli we-web ngokusebenzisa unxulumaniso lokunika inkcazelo ngeziphumo. Kuzo zonke iimeko, i-GCIS iyakujongana nezicelo zokuveza inkcazelo okanye zokuguqula inkcazelo ngokuhambisana neemfuneko ezibandakanyekayo zasemthethweni.
I-GCIS iyalibeka ilungelo lokuguqula, ukulungisa, ukongeza okanye ukususa kwinxenye okanye kuzo zonke ezi meko nemiqathango yokusetyenziswa, kumaxesha ngamaxesha. Iinguqu kwezi meko nakule miqathango yokusetyenziswa ziyakuqala ukusebenza zakube ezo nguqu zifakwe kule website. Luxanduva lomsebenzisi ukumana ekhangela ezi meko nale miqathango yokusetyenziswa kule website ukuze ajonge iinguqu okanye imiba yenkcazelo yezinto zakutshanje. Ukumana kusetyenziswa le website ngumsebenzisi emva kokufakwa kweenguqu okanye imiba yenkcazelo yakutshanje, kuyakuthathwa ngokuba sisaziso sokwamkela komsebenzisi ukulandela kunye nokubopheleleka kwezi meko nakule miqathango yokusetyenziswa, kubandakanywa ezo nguqu okanye loo nkcazelo yakutshanje.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Testingseedforcomplaintsanddisputes.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Ungazixela ezinye izikhalazo okanye iimpikiswano zokuvavanywa kwembewu ezayamene nomgangatho wembewu, kodwa kufanele uqale unxulumane ne-OSTS ukuze uqonde ukuba ngaba bukhona na ubuchule obuyimfuneko kuhlobo lovavanyo nakudidi lwembewu okanye kudidi lwembewu. Le nkonzo iyafumaneka kuye nawuphina umntu, umbutho, iziko, inkampani okanye umfama.
Ukubangaba ufuna ukufaka isikhalazo okanye impikiswano malunga nomgangatho wembewu, thumela incwadi kunye namabinza embewu kwaye uxele yonke inkcazelo eyayamene nesikhalazo okanye impikiswano. Bandakanya iinkcukacha zovavanyo oluqhutywe ngamanye amaziko okuvavanya imbewu.
Hambisa la mabinza ukuze avavanywe.
Intlawulo ingenziwa ngomatshini okanye ihlawulwe ezi-ofisini, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuba inombolo ye-invoice ixelwe ukuze kungqamaniswe imali efakiweyo ne-invoice ekhutshiweyo.
Iziphumo zophando olungenasizathu sivakalayo ziyakwenziwa zifumaneke kuphela kwakube kuhlawulwe i-invoice.
I-OSTS ibeka phambili ukuvavanywa kwamabinza embewu ngeenjongo zeempikiswano okanye izikhalazo. Ukunaba nokuxanda kwempikiswano okanye kwesikhalazo, oko kukuthi, inani lamabinza, iintlobo zezityalo kunye nohlobo lovavanyo oluyakuqhutywa, ziyakuchaphazela ixesha eliyakuthatyathwa ukuze kuqhutywe uphando. Ngoko ke, akukho nkcazelo iyakunikwa malunga nomgangatho wenkonzo ofikelelwayo. Buzisa kwiziko ngokwalo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa xangaba isikhalazo siyavakala.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Unreservedpostalservice.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Isicelo sokubhalisa kuMgqaliseli weeNkonzo zePosi ukuze uqhube inkonzo yeposi engabekelwanga iziko elithile, kufuneka siqingqwe ngendlela, kwaye sihambisane nomgaqo, ochazwe nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso ezenziwe nguMgqaliseli.
Ubhaliso lusebenziseka ithuba lonyaka omnye ukusukela kumhla wokukhutshwa kwesatifiketi sobhaliso.
Ukunikwa kwenkonzo yokuqokelela ecaleni kwendlela kunye neebhokisi zee-adresi.
Ezi aziwabandakanyi amashishini anika iimveliso zawo, afana nommntu othengisa nocwangcisa iintyatyambo, usosilarha okanye ivenkile yegrosari.
Abantu abazimele bucala okanye amashishini azimele bucala, akhululekile enze isicelo selayisensi yokuqhuba inkonzo yeposi engabekelwanga iziko elithile.
Isicelo sokubhalisa kuMgqaliseli weeNkonzo zePosi ukuze uqhube inkonzo yeposi engabekelwanga iziko elithile, kufuneka siqingqwe ngendlela, kwaye sihambisane nomgaqo, ochazwe nguMphathiswa ngokweziphakamiso ezenziwe nguMgqaliseli.
Ubhaliso lusebenziseka ithuba lonyaka omnye ukusukela kumhla wokukhutshwa kwesatifiketi sobhaliso.
Zalisa ifom yesicelo ngokuphindwe kathathu.
Hambisa ifom yesicelo kwiSebe lezoNxibelelwano, uyihambise nobungqina bentlawulo.
Thumela ubungqina bentlawulo ngefeksi kwinombolo ethi: 12 427 8536.
Ukungaphumeleli ukuhambisana nayo nayiphi na kwezi mfuneko kungakhokelela ekubeni isicelo sakho singavumeleki ukuba siqwalaselwe.
Ilayisensi ingalunga emva kweentsuku ezingama- 30.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Victimempowermentprogramme.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
INkqubo yokuNika aMandla aMaxhoba oBugebenga noBundlobongela ekuthiwa yi-Victim Empowerment Programme , iphembelela ukusekwa nokuhlanganiswa kweenkqubo nemigaqo phakathi kwamasebe okanye phakathi kwamacandelo, yokuxhasa, ukukhusela kunye nokunika amandla amaxhoba obugebenga nobundlobongela.
I-VEP inika ingqwalaselo eyodwa kwabasetyhini nasebantwaneni. Amaxhoba obundlobongela basekhaya asebunzimeni angahlala kwiziko lokusithela isithuba esiphakathi kweeveki ezimbini neenyanga ezintandathu, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zabo.
Le nkqubo ifumaneka kumaxhoba obugebenga nobundlobongela.
Nxulumana nalo naliphina iziko lokuxhasa ixhoba, indawo yokusithela yabasetyhini abaxhatshazwayo kunye nabantwana babo, umniki-nkonzo karhulumente okanye umbutho ongekho phantsi kukarhulumente obandakanyeka ekunakekeleni amaxhoba obundlobongela basekhaya.
Nxulumana nendawo yokusithela ekwindawo ohlala kuyo okanye tsalela umnxeba kwiNombolo yoNcedo yokuNQANDA ukuXhatshazwa kwaBasetyhini ekuthiwa yi-STOP Women Abuse Helpline, ethi: 0800 150 150.
Umcebisi, umniki-nkonzo zempilo, ilungu leNkonzo yaMapolisa aseMzantsi Afrika okanye ipolisa, unontlalontle, utitshala okanye nawuphina umntu onomnqweno obambekayo kwintlalontle yomkhalazi , angenza isicelo somyalelo wokhuselo.
Qinisekisa ukuba xa umntu othile, ongenguye umkhalazi, ezisa isicelo somyalelo wokhuselo, esi sicelo kufuneka sikhatshwe yimvume ebhaliweyo yomkhalazi.
Akukho fom iqingqiweyo yale mvume ibhaliweyo - incwadi esuka kumkhalazi, enika imvume ebhaliweyo, iyakwanela.
Ukubangaba inkundla yonelisekile ukuba umntu obandakanyekayo akanako ukunika le mvume ifunekayo.
Unontlalontle kunye nemibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente kufuneka baxhase amaxhoba kwisikhululo samapolisa, enkundleni nasezibhedlele, ndawonye nokunika umkhalazi amandla xa ecela ukuncediswa; kwaye banike inkcazelo malunga nemigaqo eyakulandelwa, amalungelo omkhalazi, indlela yokufumana umyalelo wokhuselo okanye ezinye iinkqubo ezifumanekayo umkhalazi angakhetha kuzo.
avelise isicwangciso sokhuseleko lwexhoba okanye lwamaxhoba.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA.W.17473.1.1.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abantwana kufuneka bezifumene ezi mfuno zingundoqo kubazali okanye kwizizalwane zabo. Le nkathalo inikezelwa ngabazali okanye zizizalwane ibizwa ngokuba yinkxaso.
Abazali okanye izizalwane zixhasa abantwana ngqo, xa abantwana behlala nazo.
Abazali okanye izizalwane zixhasa abantwana ngokungathanga ngqo, xa abantwana behlala nomnye umntu, ngokuthi bahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo saboo bantwana, okanye imali ukuncedana nomntwana lowo kwanokumnika iimfuno zakhe ezingundoqo.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA.W.17473.4.4.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Wena Nenkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana: INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Ijongana Nezona Mfuno Zimlungeleyo Umntwana &gt Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ukuba akuhlali nabantwana bakho, akubikho ngazo zonke iintsuku ubabonelele ngeemfuno zabo zemihla ngemihla ezifana nendawo yokuhlala, ukutya, impahla yokunxiba, unonophelo lwempilo kwanemfundo.
ukuba iintlawulo zesikolo azikwazi kuhlawulwa, abanakuba nakho ukuya esikolweni.
Inkxaso-mali yesondlo iqinisekisa ukuba abantwana bakho bagcina, kangangoko banakho, umgangatho wokuphila olingana nalowo wangexa abazali babo babsahlala kunye.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA.W.17473.6.6.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
uphinda atshate nelinye iqabane?
uthi azimanye nelinye iqabane ngeqhina lothando?
akandivumeli ukuba ndibabone abantwana bam?
Ilungelo labantwana bakho lokufumana iimfuno zabo ezingundoqo alinanto yakwenza nokuba ucinga ukuba omnye umzali wabo uziphethe njani na.
Abantwana bakho basayidinga inkxaso, futhi wena kusafuneka uyihlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abo, nokuba umzali ohlala nabo uthi aphinde atshate okanye azibandakanye nelinye iqabane eluthandweni.
Kwakhona, abantwana bakho kusafuneka, beyifumene inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabo nokuba awukwazi kubabona. Uxanduva lwakho lokubondla ubakhulise lahluke ngokupheleleyo kwilungelo labo lokukubona. Uxanduva lwakho lokuhlawula alixhomekekanga tu ekubeni unakho na ukubabona okanye hayi.
Ngubani Onoxanduva Lokubonelela Umntwana Ngeemfuno Zakhe Ezingundoqo?
Yintoni Indlela Yenkxaso?
Kutheni Kufuneka Uhlawule iNkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana Nje?
Ihlawulwa Njani Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Somntwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa abazali Benabo Abanye Abantwana?
Sibalwa Njani Isixa Senkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana?
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Inkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana Ingahlawulwanga?
Yintoni Endinokuyenza Ukukhusela Ezona Mfuno Zingundoqo Zabantwana Ngokwenkxaso-mali Yesondlo?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Warveteransgrant.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Igqala lemfazwe ngumntu owathatha inxaxheba kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala okanye iMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiBini okanye iMfazwe yaseKoriya.
Uvavanyo lokuqinisekisa ubungakanani bentswelo lusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa imeko yakho yezimali . Ukuze ufumane isibonelelo okanye igranti , inqanaba lakho lezemali malibe ngaphantsi kwesixa-mali esithile. Ngo-2008, uvavanyo lwe-means test ukulungiselela isibonelelo samagqala emfazwe kumntu ongatshatanga lwacacisa ukuba akanakho ukufumana isibonelelo ukuba ii-asethi zakho zingaphezu kwe-R451 200 ukuba akutshatanga. Ikhaya onalo ngoku alithathelwa ngqalelo xa ngaba uhlala kulo. Ingeniso yakho mayingabikho ngaphantsi kwe- R26 928 ngonyaka ukuba akutshatanga.
Ukuba utshatile, akunako ukufumana isibonelelo ukuba ii-asethi ezizezakho wena zidibene kunye nezomlingane wakho, zingaphezu kwe-R902 400. Indlu enokuba yeyomnye wenu ayithathelwa ngqalelo xa ngaba uhlala kuyo. Ingeniso kunye nengeniso yomlingane wakho mayibe ngaphantsi kwe-R53 856 ngonyaka.
Ukuba umdala kakhulu okanye uyagula kakhulu ukuba ungahamba uye e-ofisini, cela umntu ukuba akwenzele isicelo sokuba undwendwelwe ekhaya, egameni lakho. Loo mntu kufuneka eze neleta evela kuwe okanye ingxelo kagqirha echaza isizathu sokuba ungakwazi ukuya e-ofisini.
Zalisa ifom yesicelo yakho phambi kwegosa elivela kwiSebe.
isazisi saseMzantsi Afrika esinebhakhowudi , ukuze ukuba unomlingane , ungenise nesakhe isazisi ubungqina benkonzo yakho emfazweni, obungaba sisatifikethi senkonzo yemfazwe okanye iimedali zemfazwe zakho ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-60, uvavanyo lonyango okanye ingxelo echaza ukuba akunakho ukusebenza.
ukuba akutshatanga, i-afidavithi eyingxelo efungelweyo echaza ukuba akutshatanga ukuba utshatile, isatifikethi sakho somtshato ukuba uwuqhawule umtshato, umyalelo wakho wokuqhawula umtshato ukuba umlingane wakho wasweleka, isatifikethi sokusweleka somlingane wakho.
Fumana irisithi uyigcine njengobungqina bokuba wenze isicelo.
Uya kuchazelwa ngento ebhaliweyo ukuba ngaba isicelo sakho sibe yimpumelelo okanye akunjalo.
Ukuba isicelo sakho asivunywanga, i-ofisi yokhuseleko loluntu iya kukwazisa ngento ebhaliweyo ecacisa izizathu zokuba kungani na ukuba isicelo sakho singabanga yimpumelelo.
Ukuba akuvumelani nesigqibo eso, yenza isibheno ngento ebhaliweyo kuMphathiswa weSebe loPhuhliso lweNtlalo kwi-ofisi kazwelonke okanye eyephondo yeSebe loPhuhliso loLuntu ngento ebhaliweyo, ucacisa ukuba kungani na ukuba ungavumelani nesigqibo eso.
Yenza isibheno kwithuba leentsuku eziyi-90 zokufumana kwakho isaziso malunga nesiphumo sesicelo sakho.
Ukusingatha isicelo sakho kungathatha iintsuku eziyi-21.
Ukuba isicelo sakho sivunyiwe, uya kuhlawulwa ukususela ngolo suku wawenze ngalo isicelo.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Water.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Amanzi asisiseko anikwa mahala abandakanya okungenani umyinge oyi 6 kl yamanzi ngenyanga kwikhaya ngalinye. Lo myinge ungahluka ngokoomasipala kwaye kufanele unxulumane nomasipala wakho ukuze uqonde nqo ukuba umasipala wakho unika umyinge ongakanani na wenkonzo yamanzi asisiseko wamahala. Kufuneka uwahlawulele amanzi owasebenzisileyo agqithisa kula anikwa mahala.
Abasebenzisi-nkonzo abangakwaziyo ukufikelela kufakelelo lombane onamandla oqingqo lolinganiselo banganikwa umbane onamandla angenaqingqo lolinganiselo ngoomasipala babo. Kufanele unxulumane nomasipala wakho ukuze ufumanise uhlobo lweendlela ezizezinye zamandla ombane onikwayo.
Ukuze ufakelwe umbane namanzi ekhayeni okanye kwishishini lakho, nxulumana nomasipala wommandla onekhaya elitsha okanye oneshishini elitsha kuwo.
Kweminye imimandla, umnkinkishi welizwe, i-Eskom, unika umbane nqo.
Urhulumente akakayifaki inkqubo yamahala yokususwa kobumdaka nenkunkuma. ISebe lezokuSingqongileyo noKhenketho liphuhlisa isicwangciso sokunika iinkonzo ezisisiseko zamahala zokususwa kobumdaka nenkunkuma.
Ii-akhawunti esele zihlawulelwe zithetha ukuba uthenga iiyunithi ngemali yakho, kwaye ungasebenzisa kuphela ezo yunithi uzithengileyo. Wakube uzigqibile iiyunithi, kwaye ube usadinga ezinye, kuyakufuneka uphinde uthenge.
Ii-akhawunti ezikhutshwa ngokosetyenziso zikuvumela ukuba usebenzise nokuba ungakananina umbane namanzi. Umasipala uyakukuthumelela ingxelo ekubonisa umbane okanye amanzi owasebenzisileyo kunye nemali ekufuneka uyihlawule.
Nxulumana nee-ofisi zikamasipala ezikwindawo ohlala kuyo.
ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yencwadi yakho yesazisi ubungqina bokuhlala kwakho kwipropati yendawo yokuhlala okanye yeshishini.
Hlawula imali ebekiweyo.
Ukuqhubekiswa kwesicelo sakho kuqala ngalo mhla ufaka isicelo sakho senkxaso yobuhlwempu . Isicelo sakho siyakuvavanywa kwaye kuyakwenziwa isigqibo malunga nokuba uyavumeleka na ufumane iinkonzo ezisisiseko zamahala . Ngokuxhomekeke kwiinkqubo zomasipala, uyakubhaliswa njengomntu ovumeleke ekubeni afumane inkxaso yeeNkonzo eziSisiseko zaMahala ekuthiwa yi-Free Basic Services kwaye unikwe ikhredithi okanye inkxaso eyimfuneko, ngokwendlela efanelekileyo.
Isicelo senkxaso yobuhlwempu . Oomasipala abaninzi banayo ifom yesicelo. Buzisa kumasipala wakho ukuba senziwa njanina isicelo senkxaso yobuhlwempu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Water_bylaw_xho.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Uxanduva lokusebenzisana nalo mthetho kamasipala.
ukupapasha isaziso kwi-Gazette yePhondo, kunye ukunikezela amaqela anomnqweno ngeekopi zopapasho olulolo hlobo, kunye ukuxhoma isaziso ukupapasha kwiibhodi zezaziso zikamasipala.
Umthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwamaXabiso uthetha umthetho kaMasipala woluhlu lwamaxabiso ophunyezwe libhunga ngokuphantsi kwecandelo 75 loMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala: woRhulumente weNgingqi, Nombolo 32 ka 2000, okanye ngokuxhomekeke kuphunyezo olo, lwesigqibo libhunga ngokuphantsi kwecandelo 75A laloo Mthetho ukurhafisa nokufumana kwakhona izimali, iintlawulo okanye uluhlu lwamaxabiso.
ubuchule benkonzo zamanzi buthetha nawuphi umhlaba apho kukho isakhiwo senkonzo eziluncedo ebantwini, esifakelwe okanye esisetyenziswa ngumasipala, okanye indawo eqokelela amanzi emvula enxulumene nonikezelo lwamanzi.
inkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi" ithetha amaziko, imisele ephezu komhlaba, imibhobho, izivalo, iimpompo, izilinganisi-manzi, okanye nezinye izixhobo ezinxulumene noko ezizezikamasipala ngokuselungelweni nezisetyenziswa okanye ezilindeleke ukusetyenziswa nguye ngokunxulumene nonikezelo lwamanzi, kunye nokuquka nayiphi inxalenye yenkqubo; kunye indawo yomthombo" ithetha umbhobho omncinci onqumlayo otsazisela kwisanti engadibananga okanye kulwakhiwo lwegrabile, olunempompo eyakhelwe kumgangatho ophantsi ukuze yonyuse isasaze namanzi.
Lo mthetho kamasipala ubophelela ilungu likarhulumente.
kufakelo lwamanzi, ngaphandle kwesibonelelo esinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi akufakelo, luya kufanela lwaphulwe ngumnini wezakhiwo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi asuka kufakelo kuya kuthathwa njengolwaphulo ngumsebenzisi-nkonzo.
Akukho mnini uya kunyanzeleka ukuba azibophelele kulo mthetho kamasipala ngokuphazamisana nofakelo lwamanzi okanye inxalenye yalo olwalumiselwe ngokusebenzisana nawo nawuphi na umthetho ofanelekileyo ophambi komhla wokuqala kwalo mthetho kamasipala.
Amanzi ayanikezelwa ngokwemiqathango yezibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala, kodwa xa kuyimbono yoMlawuli: Amanzi yokuba akuzi kuba lula ukunikezela amanzi ngendlela ebonelelwa ngulo mthetho kamasipala okanye kuza kuba ziindleko oko kuye ngamnye umsebenzisi-nkonzo kulo mmandla uthile, uMlawuli: Amanzi anganakho, ngokothethwano negosa elilawulayo leenkonzo zempilo zikamasipala, ukuqinisekisa enye indlela yokunikezela amanzi.
Apho uMlawuli: Amanzi aqinisekise enye indlela yokunikezela ngamanzi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi, lo mthetho kamasipala, ngokwemfuno leyo, uya kusetyenziswa kunikezelo-mhlaba kwimimandla enjalo, kodwa ngokwemiqathango ebekwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Apho umasipala asebenzisa unikezelo ngeenkonzo zamanzi zangaphandle, lo mthetho kaMasipala uhlala usebenza kwaye ibhunga lihlala lingumlawuli onegunya.
Ukuba igunya lofakelo lalinikezelwe ngaphambi komhla wokuqala kwalo mthetho kaMasipala, okanye ukuba umsebenzi osemthethweni uyaqhubeka ngalo mhla, lowo msebenzi kuya kufuneka uthobele nayiphi imithetho elawula uhlobo lwalo msebenzi eyayinyanzelekile kwiSixeko ngaphambi kwalo mhla.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ngokwesithuba seentsuku ezingama-90 emva kokuqala kwalo mthetho kamasipala, anike igunya lokwenza umsebenzi wofakelo ngokuhambiselana nayo nayiphi imithetho elawula olo hlobo lomsebenzi owawunyanzelekile kwiSixeko ngaphambi kwalo mhla.
Nasiphi isivumelwano sonikezelo lwamanzi, phakathi komasipala nomsebenzisi-nkonzo ongengomnini wesakhiwo abangena kuso ngaphambi kophunyezo lwalo mthetho kamasipala, siya kuhlala sinyanzelekile, de kube lixesha apho umsebenzisi-nkonzo eshiya isakhiwo nomhlaba, okanye kukho utshintsho kubunini obusemthethweni bomnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba, kusemva koko apho umasipala aya kungena kwisivumelwano nomnini wesakhiwo.
Ukuba, ngokwembono yoMlawuli: Amanzi, ufakelo lwamanzi okanye inxalenye yalo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba lunophazamiseko okanye ngokwemeko enokuthi idale ukonakala okanye ukusebenziseka kwamanzi okugqithisileyo, ungcoliseko lwamanzi, okanye ubungozi kwimpilo nakukhuseleko, uMlawuli: Amanzi ngokwesaziso esibhaliweyo kuya kufuneka ukuba umnini athobele izibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala ngokwethuba elimiselweyo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi kufuneka athethane negosa elikulawulo leenkonzo zempilo zikamasipala kwimiba yonke apho kukho ukucingeleka kwengozi yempilo okanye ungcoliseko lwempilo.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi unesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba ufakelo lwamanzi lunokuba nesiphene esinokukhokelela okanye sibeke emngciphekweni impilo nokhuseleko kubahlali bezakhiwo nomhlaba, unokufuna ukuba ufakelo lwamanzi luhlolwe okanye lulungiswe isiphene ngendleko yomnini.
Ibhunga linakho, kumaxesha ngamaxesha, nangokuhambiselana nomgaqo-nkqubo kazwelonke, kodwa ngaphantsi kwemiqathango yokugcina nokuba nakho, ngesaziso sikawonke-wonke, ligqibe imigangatho yeenkonzo enokuzinika abasebenzisi-nkonzo.
Ibhunga linokuthi ekugqibeni umgangatho wenkonzo lahlule phakathi kweendidi zabasebenzisi-nkonzo, imimandla ngokwemida kwakunye nemimandla ngokwentlalo noqoqosho.
inikezwa kubasebenzisi-nkonzo simahla ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi intlawulo, kwaye zigcinwa zisebenza ngumasipala.
kufakelwa simahla ngaphandle kwentlawulo; kwaye iii kugcinwa kusebenza ngumasipala.
UMlawuli weSixeko angaqesha amagosa anegunya.
UMlawuli weSixeko angabela nabani neliphi igosa likamasipala amagunya nemisebenzi yakhe ngokwemiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala.
UMlawuli: Amanzi angabela neliphi igosa likamasipala amagunya nemisebenzi yakhe.
Wonke umntu ongena kwiinkonzo zoncedo lwamanzi, makathobele imiqathango yoMlawuli: Amanzi esetyenziswa kunye nemiqathango yokungena kwisiza ebonakaliswe ngohlobo lwesaziso ekungeneni kwinxiwa.
Umntu ongazithobeli ezi ziqulatho zesaziso ekungeneni kwiinkonzo zoncedo zamanzi unetyala.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, kwimeko zamaxesha kaxakeka afutshanisileyo okanye kwimeko apho kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza athathe nayiphi na imiqathango efanelekileyo ukukhusela okanye ukususa loo meko okanye oko kuxakeka kufutshanisileyo.
ngesaziso esibhaliweyo ukunika umgqaliselo kumnini ukuba athathe imiqathango enjalo nanjengoko kunokuba yimfuneko ukukhusela okanye ukususa imeko okanye ukuxakeka okufutshanisileyo, okanye kwisithuba apho umnini engenakufumaneka okanye engakwazi ukuthobela kwangethuba iimfuno zoMlawuli: Amanzi, unokuthatha imiqathango elolo hlobo njengoko kuyimfuneko ukukhusela okanye ukususa loo meko okanye ukuxakeka okufutshanisileyo.
Kwisithuba apho ixesha lokuxakeka livela kufakelo lwamanzi umnini wolo fakelo lwamanzi unoxanduva ngokusemthethweni kwiintlawulo ezenziwe ngumasipala.
Kwisithuba apho inyathelo lithathwa ngokokucingela komhlathi (b) wecandelo elingezantsi, uMlawuli: Amanzi unika ingxelo ngomba lowo kuMlawuli weSixeko ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
qumamisa unikezelo lwamanzi nakuziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba, ngaphandle kokwenza isaziso kuqala, kwaye b unokungena kwezo zakhiwo enze umsebenzi wexesha lokuxakeka , ngendleko zomnini, ukuba unokubona kuyimfanelo, kwaye ngaphezulu ngesaziso esibhaliweyo afune umnini enze lo msebenzi wongezelekileyo ngethuba elimiselweyo njengoko enokubona kufanelekile.
Ilungu ngalinye likawonke-wonke kufuneka, lazi ngexesha lokuxakeka nanini, nangemeko efutshanisileyo efuna umqwalasela okhawulezileyo okanye nayiphi imeko enokwenza ukuba konakaliswe amanzi okanye angcoliseke, ukuba kufuneka lazise uMlawuli ngokukhawuleza.
Naye nawuphi na umntu othathe amanyathelo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi onganqweneli kwaziwa, unokucela ukuba igama lakhe lingaziswa nakwawaphi na amanyathelo athatyathwayo.
Wonke umntu owaphula izibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala unoxanduva lokubuyekeza umasipala ngayo nayiphi ilahleko okanye umonakalo owenziwe ngenxa lesiphumo solo lwaphulo-mthetho.
umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba ochaphazelekayo, okanye umsebenzisi-nkonzo.
UMlawuli weSixeko unokukhupha umqathango wendleko ofuna ukuba umntu onoxanduva lokuhlawula indleko ezenzeke ngokuphantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 1 elingezantsi ahlawule ezo ndleko ngomhla omiselweyo ukuze loo mqathango uthathwe njengomthetho wexabiso elifunekayo.
Xa ilungu elinegunya lifumanise ukuba isibonelelo saphulwe/ sisetyenziswe ngokungekho mthethweni okanye imeko yenokubangela ukuba sibe kwizinga elinokukhokelela kulwaphulo lwalo mthetho kamasipala, elo gosa linegunya linokukhupha isaziso sokuthobela kumsebenzisi-nkonzo okanye kumnini owaphula izibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala.
imiqathango emayithathwe ukulungisa imeko, kwakunye nesithuba sexesha apho isaziso kufuneka sibe sesithontyelwe.
Ukuba umntu owayenikwe isaziso ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi, akathobeli imfuno zesaziso, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokuthatha lawo manyathelo njengemfuneko yokulungisa loo meko ngendleko zalowo mntu uchaphazelekayo, okanye athathe nawaphi amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela.
Uxanduva lokuthobela lo mthetho kamasipala.
Umnini unoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuthobela lo mthetho kamasipala ngokubhekiselele kuyo yonke imiba enxulumene nofakelo lwamanzi nokugcinwa kwalo lusemgangathweni ngoko.
Umsebenzisi-nkonzo unoxanduva lokuthobela lo mthetho kamasipala ngokubhekiselele kwimiba nayiphi yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
ongathobeli nayo nayiphi imiqathango esemthethweni enikwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala, okanye ophazamisa okanye ongumqobo kummeli okanye umqeshwa kamasipala ekwenzeni imisebenzi yakhe ngokuphantsi kwalo mthetho kamasipala, abekwe ityala kwaye kuyimfanelo ngokusemthethweni ukuba anikwe isigwebo.
Imithetho eyayivunywe ngokusemthethweni libhunga okanye ngamalungu alo angaphambili ngokubhekiselele kwisiqingatha seSixeko, iyarhoxiswa, kangangendlela/ngokwemiqathango yeCandelo 1 ngokwalapha.
Umntu omalungelo akhe achatshazelwe linyathelo elithathwe ngokwemiqathango yegunya okanye ngokomsebenzi ogunyazisiweyo okanye ogunyaziswe ngezantsi ngokwemiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala, angabhena ngokuchasene neso sigqibo ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo 62 loMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala, uNombolo 32 ka 2000 : woRhulumente weNgingqi.
ngaphandle kokuba isivumelwano ekubhekiselele kuso kwicandelo 19 okanye 20 sesigqityiwe, okanye ngaphandle kuphela kungombhobho wonxibelelewano onikezelwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 26 okanye ukusuka kumbhobho wamanzi wokucima umlilo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 35, okanye ngaphandle kuphela kungendawo yesilinganisi-manzi sonikezelo manzi efakele ngokukhethekile ngumasipala ukunikezela amanzi.
Amanzi asuka kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi akayi kunikezelwa nakuziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba ngaphandle kokuba umnini wenze isicelo sonikezelo kumasipala kwaye nesicelo sivunyiwe.
Kuyimfanelo yomnini ngokusemthethweni ukuhlawula zonke izimali ngokubhekiselele kunikezelo lwamanzi, ngokugqitywe ngokwemiqathango yomthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwaMaxabiso, de lube unikezelo luphazamisekile ngokwesicelo somnini okanye kube isivumelwano siphelisiwe ngokubhekiselele kulo mthetho kamasipala, kwaye uxhomekeke kumsebenzisi-nkonzo ngazo zonke iinjongo ngethuba lesivumelwano.
umhla ovunyiweyo wokuqala kokunikezelwa kwamanzi, kunye isibhambathiso ngumceli sokuba uza kumazisa umasipala ngazo naziphi iinguqu ngokumalunga noku kungasentla.
Amanzi anikezwa ngokuphantsi kwezibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala kunye nemiqathango ebekwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Apho injongo iyeyo, okanye iyeye, amanzi enzelwe isicelo ngokwecandelo (f) elingezantsi itshintshiwe, umnini makongeze ngokukuko ekucebiseni umasipala ngezo nguqu, atsho angene kwisivumelwano esitsha nomasipala.
Ibhunga linokungena kwisivumelwano esikhethekileyo sokunikezwa kwamanzi komceli ongaphandle kweSixeko.
Ukuba ibhunga liyavuma ukunikezela amanzi kumceli ongaphandle kweSixeko, ngokubhekiselele kwisicelo esikhethekileyo linokumvumela ukuba awathengise lawo manzi kwabanye abantu, ngokuphantsi kwalo miqathango njengoko kunokufaneleka.
Akukho mntu ngayo nayiphi injongo unokugqithisa amanzi asuka nakweyiphi imvelaphi yamanzi, abeke okanye akhele umbhobho okanye isixhobo esiyeleleyo kwi-, e- okanye ngaphantsi kwesitalato, kwindawo kawonke-wonke okanye komnye umhlaba onomnini okanye ophantsi kolawulo lukamasipala, ngaphandle kokuba kubhalwe imvume kuqala eya kuMlawuli: Amanzi nangokuphantsi kwalo miqathango nanjengoko enokuyibeka.
Zonke ezimali ezihlawulwa ngokubhekiselele kunikezelo lwamanzi ngumasipala mazihambiselana noMthetho kaMasipala woLuhlu lwaMaxabiso.
Umnini unokusinqumamisa isivumelwano sesibonelelo senkonzo yokunikezelwa ngamanzi ngokunika umasipala isaziso esingagqithanga iintsuku zesaziso ezisixhenxe ngokobhala iinjongo zokwenza oko.
xa engawasebenzisanga amanzi iinyanga ezintathu zilandelelana kwaye engenzanga malungiselelo anelisayo noMlawuli: Amanzi okuqhubeka kwesivumelwano, okanye engakwazanga ukuthobela izibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala kwaye engakwazanga ukulungisa oko kungaphumelelanga ukuthobela lo mba wesaziso, okanye engakwazanga ukuhlawula naziphi izimali ezifanelekileyo nezihlawulwayo ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwaMaxabiso.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unokunqumamisa isivumelwano sokunikezela ngamanzi ukuba eso sakhiwo nomhlaba isivumelwano sibhekiselele kuso sashiywa/asihlalwa-mntu.
ukulawula, ukusebenzisa okanye ukugcina ngokusemgangathweni iziko loncedo lwabantu ngeenkonzo zesibonelelo samanzi, okanye athathe inyathelo lokudibanisa kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi.
Akukho mntu unokuvalela okanye athintele ukufikelela kwamagosa kamasipala kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi.
Akukho mntu unokuqala naluphi uphuhliso nakweziphi izakhiwo nemihlaba ngaphandle kokuba uMlawuli: Amanzi ufakele umbhobho wokudibanisa nesilinganisi-manzi.
Ukuba isivumelwano sokunikeza ngamanzi ngokubhekiselele kwizakhiwo nomhlaba sigqityiwe kwaye akukho mbhobho wonxibelelwano (okanye umbhobho wonxibelelwano olinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo) okhoyo ngokubhekiselele kwizakhiwo nemihlaba, umnini uza kwenza isicelo kwifomu emiselweyo aze ahlawule ixabiso elimiselweyo lofakelo lombhobho ololo hlobo ngokugqitywe ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwaMaxabiso.
uhlobo lokudibanisa olunokusetyenziswa ukwenzela ukudibanisa, kwakunye nesixhobo apho isiqingatha sofakelo lwamanzi phakathi kombhobho wonxibelelwano nesivalo esizimeleyo somnini, ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo 56, kufuneka senziwe, kwakunye nendlela yofakelo lweso siqingatha.
Ukuba isicelo senzelwe unikezelo lwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba okwindawo apho kuza kufuneka ukuba inkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi yandiswe ukuze kunikezelwe amanzi kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokuvumela unyenyiso ngokuphantsi kwaloo miqathango nanjengoko enokufuna njalo.
Ngaphandle kokuba kubekwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi, umnini kufuneka, ngendleko zakhe, aqalise ukudibanisa phakathi kofakelo lwamanzi kunye nombhobho wonxibelelwano okanye umbhobho onceda izakhiwo nomhlaba.
Umnini makagcine isiqingatha sofakelo lwamanzi ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo (e) elingezantsi ngokuchasene nokusuka.
Ngaphandle kokuba mhlawumbi kuvunyelwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi, ngumbhobho wonxibelelwano omnye kuphela onokunikezwa kuzo naziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba, kungajongwanga inani lamaqela ahlalayo, amaqela oshishino okanye abasebenzisi-nkonzo abahlala kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unokuvuma, ukudibanisa okungundoqo ngaphandle kwalowo uhleli ukhona wokunikeza amanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba; ngokuphantsi kwaloo miqathango inokubekwa, ngaphandle kokuba umnini unoxanduva lwalo naluphi unyenyiso lofakelo lwamanzi kwindawo yokudibanisa ebekwe bucala nangesivumelwano soMlawuli: Amanzi kwakunye nokuwafumana ngendleko yakhe, obo bukhoboka obuphezu kwesinye isakhiwo nomhlaba bunokufuneka.
Akukho fakelo lwamanzi luya kunikezwa namanzi ngombhobho wonxibelelwano owawufakelwe iinjongo zokwakha isakhiwo de sibe isiqinisekiso sokuthobela ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo 53 sifunyenwe ngumasipala, kwaye ukuba eso siqinisekiso esilolo hlobo asifumanekanga, uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ngokokucinga kwawo nangaphandle kokugweba kuqala, umasipala unakho ukuqhawula ukudibana okanye ukuthintela unikezelo lwamanzi kolo fakelo lwamanzi.
Ukuba uMlawuli: weZamanzi ubona ukuba umlinganiselo wombhobho wonxibelelwano awusifanelanga isizathu sobungakanani bamanzi anikiweyo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba, unakho ukufuna umnini ahlawule indleko ezimiselweyo zokususwa kombhobho okhoyo wonxibelelwano nokufakwa kombhobho wonxibelelwano onomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo ngesaziso esibhaliweyo.
enze isicelo sombhobho wonxibelelwano ukuze uncede iqela ngalinye, kwaye iii udibanise ufakelo lwamanzi ekubhekiselelwe kulo kumhlathi i udibanise kumbhobho wokunxibelelanisa ekubhekiselelwe kuwo kumhlathi ii.
b UMlawuli: weZamanzi unokunika umnini weqela ekubhekiselelwe kulo kumhlathi ai isaziso esibhaliweyo sokuba ufanele enze isicelo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 19 sonikezelo lomhlaba.
Ukuba uMlawuli: weZamanzi ujonge ukufaka umbhobho wonxibelelwano omtsha, uMlawuli: weZamanzi makanike umnini ochaphazelekayo kungabingaphantsi kweentsuku ezilishumi zokusebenza isaziso esibhaliweyo somhla apho aya kuqala ukudibanisa phakathi kofakelo lwamanzi kunye nokufakelwa kombhobho wokunxibelela ngokutsha.
Apho izakhiwo nomhlaba zinikezwe inani lemibhobho yokunxibelelana, uMlawuli: weZamanzi uya kufuna umnini anciphise inani leendawo zokudibanisa aze aguqule ufakelo lwamanzi ngokulinganayo.
Umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba makaqinisekise ukuba kukho indibaniselwano phakathi kofakelo lwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba naphakathi kofakelo lwamanzi kwezinye izakhiwo nomhlaba, ngaphandle kokuba umnini ufumene imvume yoMlawuli: weZamanzi naye athobele nayo nayiphi imiqathango ebekwe nguMlawuli: weZamanzi.
kwimeko apho isilinganisi-manzi sifakwe ngaphandle kwezakhiwo nomhlaba, kwindawo efanelekileyo kufutshane nangaphakathi komda wezakhiwo nomhlaba wakhe, ngaphandle kokuba uMlawuli: weZamanzi unakho, ekungaphumelelini komnini kwakunye nakwindleko yomnini, enze kubekho aze abe sele efakela isivalo sokwahlula.
Akukho mntu ngaphandle kwemvume yoMlawuli: weZamanzi oya kuphazamisana nesivalo sokwahlula kumbhobho wokunxibelelana.
amandla okanye izinga lokuhamba kolo nikezelo, okanye umgangatho othile wobunjani bamanzi, ngaphandle kokuba unikezelo lwamanzi oluya kumsebenzisi-nkonzo luphazamiseke ngaphezu kweeyure engama-24, ngoko umasipala uya kuzibophelela ukuba anike unikezelo olusisiseko samanzi ngokokukhawuleza anakho.
UMlawuli: weZamanzi angagxininisa kumphakamo womlinganiselo apho amanzi anokunikezwa asuka kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi.
Ukuba umnini ufuna unikezelo olungenasiphazamiso, amandla okanye izinga elithile lokuhamba okanye umgangatho othile wobunjani bamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba, kuya kufuneka umnini enze awakhe amalungiselelo okuthobela kwiimfuno ezilolo hlobo.
UMasipala angaphazamisa unikezelo lwamanzi nakweziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba ngaphandle kokwenza isaziso kuqala.
Ukuba imbono yoMlawuli: weZamanzi yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba kuphazamisa ngokumandla unikezelo lwamanzi kwezinye izakhiwo nomhlaba, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokusebenzisa izithintelo ezilolo hlobo nanjengoko kunokufuneka nakanjani ekwimo yokunikezela ngamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba wokuqala okhankanyiweyo ukuze aqinisekise unikezelo olufanelekileyo nakwezinye izakhiwo nomhlaba, aze azise umnini kunye/ okanye umsebenzisi-nkonzo ngezakhiwo nomhlaba okhankanywe kuqala ochatshazelwa zizithintelo ezilolo hlobo.
Ngokuphantsi kwalo naliphi ilungelo umasipala anokuba nalo, uMlawuli weSixeko unakho, ukuba umnini akaphumelelanga ukuhlawula isambuku asityalayo/setyala ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho kaMasipala woLuhlu lwaMaxabiso, amazise ngesaziso esibhaliweyo ngenjongo yokuthintela okanye ukuyekisa unikezelo walmanzi ngomhla othile kunye nokuthintela okanye ukuyekisa unikezelo ngalo mhla okanye emva kwawo.
Ngokuphantsi kwalo naliphi ilungelo umasipala anokuba nalo, uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ukuba umnini waphule lo mthetho kamasipala waza akakwazi ukulungisa olo lwaphulo singadlulanga isithuba esimiselweyo kwisaziso esibhaliweyo asinikiweyo esifuna enze njalo; ngesaziso esibhaliweyo aziswe ngenjongo zesithintelo okanye sokuyekiswa konikezelo lwamanzi ngomhla omiselweyo kwakunye nokuthintela okanye ukuyekisa unikezelo ngomhla okanye emva komhla lowo.
Umsebenzisi-nkonzo/umnini makahlawule izimali zesithintelo okanye zokuyekiswa konikezelo nezokubuyiselwa kwakhona konikezelo lwamanzi ngokwemiqathngo yoMthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwaMaxabiso: ngaphandle kokuba zonke izimali ezilolo hlobo zihlawulwe ngaphambi kokubuyiselwa kwakhona konikezelo lwamanzi.
Umsebenzisi-nkonzo othe iinkonzo zonikezelo lwamanzi akakwazi ukufikelela kuzo ngenxa yokuthintelwa okanye ukuqhawulwa, azidibanisa ngenjongo, ziya kuqhawulwa ngohlobo lwesaziso esibhaliweyo.
kuyekiswe okanye kuthintelwe unikezelo lwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba ezo, kuze b kubuyiselwe unikezelo kwakhona.
Umnini uya kubanakho ngemvume yesicelo esicingelwe kwicandelo elingezantsi, ahlawule intlawulo emiselweyo.
isivumelwano sonikezelo sinqunyanyisiwe ngokwemiqathango 23 nanguMlawuli: weZamanzi ukuba akafumani sicelo sonikezelo lwamanzi oluqhubekayo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba onikwa uncedo ngumbhobho zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-90 sokunqunyanyiswa, okanye isakhiwo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba esichaphazelekayo sadilizwa , okanye umnini okanye umhlali uphazamisene ngokungekho mthethweni nenkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi enika uncedo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba ochaphazelekayo.
apho amanyathelo athathiweyo okukhangela ukutsalwa kwamanzi ngokungekho mthethweni ngeenjongo yokulwa umlilo, okanye imeko ezigqitywe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Ukuba isilinganisi-manzi nezixhobo ezihamba naso sinikiwe safakelwa ngumasipala, sihlala isisixhobo sakhe, kwaye singafakwa ngokutsha xa imfuneko ikho ngokwesigqibo soMlawuli: Amanzi.
a nakweyiphi indawo kufakelo lwamanzi onceda izakhiwo nomhlaba, kunye nakweyiphi indawo kumbhobho wokudibanisa onceda izakhiwo nomhlaba.
Isilinganisi-manzi, esifakwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo (a) elingezantsi, sihlala isisixhobo sikamasipala.
Nawuphi umntu owaphula icandelo elingezantsi makahlawule umasipala ixabiso lobungakanani bamanzi ngokwembono yoMlawuli: Amanzi.
Ukuba umasipala ufakela isilinganisi-manzi kunye nezilinganisi ezihamba naso ngokuhambelana necandelo 3b elingezantsi, umbhobho oncedayo uyasuswa kwaye nofakelo lwamanzi lufaneke luqale kudityaniso lombhobho wonxibelelwano, olo dityaniso lube zii-150mm ngaphakathi komda kumhlaba ogcinelwe umasipala okanye ophezu kobukhoboka okanye elinye ilungelo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho ngeendleko zomnini, afake okanye afune ufakelo, lwesilinganisi-manzi okanye isixhobo sokulawula umthamo kwicandelo ngalinye, kushishino okanye kwindawo yeqela yokuhlala kuzo naziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba ezisetyenziswa ukwenza isigqibo ngobungakanani bamanzi anikezelwe kwicandelo ngalinye, kushishino nakwindawo yeqela yokuhlala.
Naluphi ulungiso/ugcino ngokusemgangathweni olufanelekileyo nakwesiphi isiqingatha sombhobho woncedo uwandiselwe kumbhobho wokudibanisa kwisilinganisi-manzi nezivalo ezihamba naso zesakhiwo nomhlaba, eziphakathi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba, mazenziwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi ukufikelela kulo mbhobho kwakunye/nakwisilinganisi-manzi kusimahla kwakunye noxanduva lokufakela kwakhona okuzingqongileyo xa kugqitywe ukulungiswa.
Umhlali wezakhiwo nomhlaba kufuneka, ngokukhawuleza xa efumanise ukuvuza kombhobho woncedo okanye kwisiqu sesilinganisi-manzi okanye kwizilinganisi ezihamba naso, azise umasipala, apho isilinganisi-manzi esilolo hlobo ifakelwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 3a.
ugqithise ityala lemali lamanzi asetyenzisiweyo kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba njengoko kulinganisiwe ngesilinganisi-manzi esifakelwe kumbhobho wokudibanisa, kwaye ufumane ngokutsha kumnini indleko zesilinganisi-manzi esingasebenziyo esinikiweyo.
Ukuba imvume yokufikelela kwisilingansi-manzi ngenjongo yokwenza ufundo lwesilinganisi esifakwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo (a) elingezantsi ayinikwa, umnini, ngelo xesha lokwala unemfanelo ngokusemthethweni yendleko zamanzi onakalisiweyo ukuba kuye kwenzeka ukuvuza kwisilinganisi-manzi kunye nakwizilinganisi ezihamba naso okanye sibonakale kwindawo yombhobho oncedayo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba ololo hlobo, ize ilinganiswe sisilinganisi-manzi esifakelwe ngokuhambiselana necandelo (a) elingezantsi.
Ukuba umnini ungenisa isicwangciso kumasipala, ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 47, ukuze kwamkelwe ukumiswa komda wesakhiwo, apho isilinganisi-manzi esikhoyo sifakelwe khona ngokuhambiselana necandelo 3a, lowo mnini uya kufuneka ngokuxhomekeka ukuba isicwangciso sakhe samkelwe, enze isicelo sokususwa kweso silinganisi-manzi aze ahlawule uluhlu lwamaxabiso afanelekileyo ngokususwa kweso silinganisi-manzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba wakhe ukuze kufakelwe isilinganisi-manzi esitsha kumbhobho wokudibanisa.
Ukuba umnini ungenisa isicwangciso kumasipala, ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 47, ukuze kwamkelwe iinguqu okanye unyenyiso kufakelo lomlilo olukhoyo olungenasilinganisi-manzi, lowo mnini umva kohlolo lofakelo oluguquliweyo, nasemva kokwamkelwa kwesicwangciso, enze isicelo sokuba nesilinganisi-manzi esinobukhulu nohlobo olukhethwe nguMlawuli aze ahlawule noluhlu lwendleko olufanelekileyo: Amanzi, afakelwe ngumasipala njengexalenye yokudibanisa kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba.
Ukuba umnini ungenisa isicwangciso, ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 47, ukuze kwamkelwe iinguqu nolwandiso kufakelo lwesilinganisi-manzi olukhoyo, umva kohlolo lofakelo oluguquliweyo, nasemva kokwamkelwa kwesicwangciso, enze isicelo sokuba nesilinganisi-manzi esinobukhulu nohlobo olukhethwe nguMlawuli aze ahlawule noluhlu lwendleko olufanelekileyo: Amanzi, afakelwe ngumasipala njengenxalenye yokudibanisa kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi ugqiba ukuba ufakelo oludibeneyo lwamanzi asekhaya nolomlilo, oluquka imibhobho emikhulu yokucima umlilo, mayinike izakhiwo nomhlaba, isilinganisi-manzi esidibeneyo okanye isilinganisi-manzi esikwafanayo neso sokuhlola amazinga okuhamba kwamanzi asezantsi masifakelwe kudibaniso olulolo hlobo.
Umbhobho wonxibelelwano ozimeleyo mawubekwe usetyenziswe kwinkqubo zonke zochelo oluzenzelayo.
isilinganisi-manzi esinye esinceda izakhiwo nomhlaba zizonke okanye inani lawo maqela okuhlala; okanye isilinganisi-manzi esizimeleyo esihleli kumda wesakhiwo nomhlaba kumhlaba ogcinelwe umasipala, seqela lokuhlala ngalinye okanye neliphi inani ngoko.
isilinganisi-manzi esizimeleyo; kunye/okanye isivalo esizimeleyo, kwaye iya kuba yimfanelo yakhe ngokusemthethweni ukuhlawula iintlawulo ezimiselweyo zawo onke amanzi anikezwe izakhiwo nomhlaba ngeso silinganisi-manzi, ngaphandle kokujonga ubuninzi obahluka-hlukeneyo obusetyenziswe ngabasebenzisi-nkonzo abohlukeneyo ngeso silinganisi-manzi.
ngaphandle kokuba amanzi anikwa okanye athathwa ngaphandle kokugqitha kwisilinganisi-manzi, ngoqikelelo nguMlawuli: Amanzi anobuninzi obulolo hlobo aya kunyanzeleka alungiswe.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unokuvumela unikezelo lwamanzi ethutyana manzi lawo aza kuthathwa kumbhobho omkhulu wokucima umlilo, ngokuphantsi kwemiqathango nemigaqo nanjengoko inokimiselwa.
Umntu onqwenela unikezelo lwamanzi ethutyana ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo elingezantsi makenze isicelo ngendlela emiselweyo kwicandelo 19.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi unika imvume ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo (b) elingezantsi, unokuqikelela ixabiso, eligqitywe libhunga, apho amanzi anokuthengiswa aze abeke eminye imiqathango elolo hlobo ngokwemfuneko.
Imvume ebhekiselele kwicandelo (b) elingezantsi lingasuswa nangeliphi na ixesha.
igcinwa ngumasipala ukuba isilinganisi-manzi sifumaniseke ngokwemiqathango yecandelo okanye elingezantsi lingenasiphene, okanye ibuyiselwe kumceli ukuba isilinganisi-manzi sifumaneke sinesiphene.
Isilinganisi- manzi apho imiqathango ibhekiselele khona kwicandelo ayinakusetyenziswa xa kufumaniseke kungekho siphene ukuba kufumaniseke ipesenti yesiphene kubhaliso olugqithisileyo okanye kubhaliso olusezantsi olungaphezulu kunolo luvumelekileyo kwi-SABS 1529:1999 iNdawo 4 kunye ne- SANS 1525:1999 iNdawo 1, okanye kulungiso lwayo.
Nalapho uMlawuli: Amanzi ebona efanelekile.
Ukuba ubungakanani bamanzi obabunikwe umsebenzisi-nkonzo ngethuba isilinganisi-manzi sinesiphene abunakuqikelelwa ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokuqikelela ubungakanani bawona manzi asetyenzisiweyo.
Umsebenzisi-nkonzo makaziswe ngendlela esetyenzisiweyo nguMlawuli: Amanzi ukuqikelela ubungakanani bamanzi anikeziweyo kuye njengoko kucingelwe kwicandelo kunye elingezantsi aze anikwe ithuba lokwenza intetho kuMlawuli: Amanzi ngaphambi kokuba kufikwe kuqikelelo lokugqibela.
Ukulungiswa kobungakanani bamanzi anikiwe ngesilinganisi-manzi esinesiphene kuya kwenziwa ngesithuba esiya kugqitywa ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 38.
Ngenjongo yokulungisa ubungakanani bamanzi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 1 elingezantsi kuya kufuneka ukuba ubungakanani bamanzi obubhaliweyo bube babunikeziwe phakathi kwisithuba seeyure ezilishumi elinambini ngasinye ngokwesithuba ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo 1 elingezantsi.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi ufuna, ngeenjongo ezingezizo ezokutshintshela amanzi asetyenzisiweyo, ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani bamanzi asetyenziswe njengenxalenye yofakelo lwamanzi, anakho, ngesaziso esibhaliweyo, acebise umnini ochaphazelekayo malunga neenjongo zakhe zokufakela isixhobo sokulinganisa nakweyiphi indawo anokuyikhetha kufakelo lwamanzi.
Ufakelo lwesixhobo sokulinganisa ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo elingezantsi, ukususwa kwaso, kwakunye nokufakelwa kwakhona kofakelo lwamanzi emva kokuba lususiwe luya kwenziwa ngendleko zikamasipala.
Amalungiselelo amacandelo 33 (b) kunye no 34 asebenza, kangangokuba enokusebenza, ngokubhekiselele kwisixhobo sokulinganisa esifakwe ngokwemiqathango zecandelo elingezantsi.
Umasipala unakho xa efumene isaziso esibhaliweyo kumnini ukucwangcisa malunga nokuhlawula intlawulo efanelekileyo emiselweyo, afunde isilinganisi-manzi ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani bamanzi anikiweyo ngexesha, okanye ngosuku, ngangaphezu kokuba isilinganisi-manzi sinokufundwa ngesiqhelo.
abeke izithintelo okanye ukungavumeleki ekusebenziseni okanye kwindlela yokusebenzisa okanye kukulahlwa kwayo neyiphi into /isixhobo esisebenzisa umbane, okanye ukudityaniswa kweso sixhobo kufakelo lwamanzi, kunye abize uluhlu lwamaxabiso akhethekileyo ngokubhekiselele kwizithintelo, ezigqitywe ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho kaMasipala woLuhlu lwaMaxabiso.
Ibhunga linokunciphisa isicelo sesaziso sezibonelelo ezicingelwa licandelo elingezantsi kwimimandla ekhethekileyo kunye/ okanye kwindidi ezikhethekileyo zabasebenzisi-nkonzo, zezakhiwo nomhlaba kunye nemisebenzi, kunye nakukohlukana kwemvume nokupheliswa kwi, nakunyenyiso, kwazo naziphi izibonelelo ngezizathu ezivakalayo, xa nagaba akuyi kubakho kohluka kuluhlu lwamaxabiso ekubhekiselelwe kuwo licandelo (d).
UMlawuli: Amanzi unokuyalela umsebenzisi-nkonzo ukuba, ngendleko yakhe, athathe imiqathango, equka ufakelo lwezilinganisi-manzi kunye nezixhobo zokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi, kwanjengoko imbono yakhe inokuba iyimfuneko yokuqinisekisa ukuthobela isaziso esipapashwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 1 elingezantsi.
angayeka okanye, ngeso sithuba sifanelekileyo, anciphise unikezelo lwamanzi kuzo naziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba kwisithuba apho kungekho kuthotyelwa kwemiqathango yesaziso ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo elingezantsi, kwakunye kufuneka, apho unikezelo lwamanzi luye lwayekiswa ngokwemiqathango yomhlathi (a), abuyiselwe kuphela xa imali yokuyekiswa neyokufakelwa kwakhona unikezelo lwamanzi ihlawulwe.
Izibonelelo zeli candelo ziya kusebenza nangokubhekiselele kumanzi anikwe abasebenzisi-nkonzo ngumasipala ngokwakhe ngaphandle kweSixeko, nangona ngokuchasene kwimiqathango elawula olu nikezelo, ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngokukodwa kwisaziso esipapashwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 1 elingezantsi.
Naye nawuphi umntu owaphula izibonelelo zesaziso esipapashwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi unetyala.
avumele okuchitheka kwamanzi kuqhubeleke, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okungafanelekanga okanye avumele ukusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga kwamanzi kuqhubeleke.
Umnini makalungise okanye afakele ngokutsha nayiphi indawo yofakelo lwamanzi ekuloo meko yokungalungi kangangoko, ngokwembono yoMlawuli; Amanzi, kangangokuba anokwenzeka okanye anokudala isenzeko esidweliswe kwicandelo elingezantsi.
Ukuba umnini akaphumeleli ukuthobela icandelo elingezantsi, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokuthatha lawo manyathelo ngokwemfuneko afumane ngokutsha intlawulo kumnini.
a Umsebenzisi-nkonzo unokuqinisekisa ukuba nasiphi isixhobo okanye umashini odityaniswe kufakelo lwamanzi usebenzisa amanzi ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ukuba ngokwembono yoMlawuli: Amanzi, usetyenziso lwaso nasiphi isixhobo kufakelo lwamanzi alufanelekanga okanye luyonakalisa, uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ukungavumeli usetyenziso lweso sixhobo ngesaziso esibhaliweyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo kwavalwa/ ngokwemiqathango yecandelo (b) elingezantsi, eso sixhobo asisayi kubuya sisetyenziswe de sibe silungisiwe kwakhona kwaye kwenziwa isicelo esibhaliweyo asiye samkelwa nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Naye nawuphi umnini makathobele ugcino olulungileyo lwamanzi neendlela zolawulo oluyimfuneko njengoko kubonisiwe kuludwe lweNkqubo 2 lwalo mthetho kamasipala.
Ibhunga linokwazisa ngesaziso somntu wonke ukuba lifuna abameli beenkonzo zamanzi okanye imigangatho yabameli beenkonzo zamanzi ukuba babhalise kumasipala ngohlobo olubonakalisiweyo kwisaziso somntu wonke.
Abameli beenkonzo zamanzi mabaqinisekise ukuba iinkonzo zamanzi, kuquka iinkonzo ezingundoqo zebhunga, ziyanikezwa kwabo bantu kunyanzelekileyo ukuba banikwe iinkonzo zamanzi.
Ubunjani, ubungakanani kunye nokugcinakala kwenkonzo ezinikiweyo zamanzi ngabameli beenkonzo zamanzi mabube kungenani kumgangatho ofanayo njengoko kwenziwe ngumasipala kubasebenzisi-nkonzo.
Ummeli weenkonzo zamanzi akanakho ukubiza intlawulo yeenkonzo zamanzi engahambiselani nemithetho kwanemigangatho abekiweyo nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Ukuba iinkcukacha zofakelo lwamanzi kumgangatho ongaphezulu komnye kwisakhiwo ziyafana, ezo nkcukacha zinokuzotyelwa umgangatho omnye kuphela.
Uluhlu lwenkqubo malinikwe kumzobo ngamnye okanye kwingqokolela yomzobo ngamnye, ibonakaliswe inombolo yohlobo lwesilinganisi sentsusa samanzi ngasinye kwakunye nobukhulu baso besiqhelo.
limiselweyo lentlawulo umasipala anikezela ngalo iinkonzo.
Ukuba umnini unqwenela ukufakela ufakelo lwamanzi olutsha, makaqale afumane ulwamkelo olubhaliweyo nguMlawuli: Amanzi kwisicwangciso esingeniselwe ukuqwalaselwa, ngaphandle kokuba ulwamkelo alusayi kufuneka xa kulungiswa okanye kufakelwa ngokutsha umbhobho obuhleli ukho okanye isilinganisi samanzi nangaphandle kwesifudumezi samanzi esingasukiyo kwakunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhusela ezihamba naso, nalapho isaziso zokwazisa sifuneka.
a b yintlawulo emiselweyo, kunye inani elimiselweyo leekopi zemizobo zomsebenzi ocelwayo, njengoko kubonisiwe kwicandelo 49.
Izibonelelo zecandelo 1 no 2 angezantsi azisebenzi kwikontrakta olungisa isifudumezi samanzi esingasukiyo okanye izixhobo zokukhusela ezihamba naso.
Igunya elinikezwe ngokwemiqathango 1 liya, kuba ngokuphantsi kwecandelo 48, liphelelwe ngesithuba seenyanga ezingama-24 sokuphelelwa emva kosuku lokuqala lenyanga olulandela inyanga apho igunya lalinikezwe ngayo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ngesicelo esenziwe ngumnini, ngaphambi kwesithuba sentsusa esichaphazelekayo sokuphelelwa nesiphantsi kwentlawulo emiselweyo, kumaxesha ngamaxesha sinyenyise isithuba sokuqinisekisa ulwamkelo olunikwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 47 ngokwesithuba esingadluli iinyanga ezili-12 ngexesha nangokuphantsi kwemiqathango anokubona ifanelekile.
Ngaphandle kokuba uMlawuli: Amanzi agqibe ngokubhala ngolunye uhlobo, imizobo mayibe semaphepheni elimlinganiselo ongekho ngaphantsi ko-A4 kwaye kufuneka anikele ulwazi kwifomu efunekayo liBinzana 4.1.1 le- SANS 10252: 2004 iNdawo 1, ikopi enokufumaneka kuMlawuli: Amanzi.
De sifunyanwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi isiqinisekiso sokuthobela esingeniswe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 53, ingqokelela egqityiweyo yemizobo yomsebenzi wofakelo mayisoloko ikhona ngamaxesha onke kwinxiwa lokusebenza.
Ukuba umsebenzi wofakelo wenziwe ngokwaphula icandelo 47, uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho ngesaziso esibhaliweyo ukufuna umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba ochaphazelekayo athobele icandelo ngokwesithuba esimiselweyo, kwaye ukuba umsebenzi uyaqhubeleka, umiswe umsebenzi, kwaye ungafuna ukuba umnini awususe wonke umsebenzi ololo hlobo ongathobeli lo mthetho kamasipala.
c ahlole, abulale iintsholongwane aze avavanye ufakelo lwamanzi, ufakelo lomlilo okanye itanki yokugcina, okanye ukulungiswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, okanye ukufakwa ngokutsha isikhuseli sokuphuma samanzi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 59.
kuhlola nokubulala intsholongwane ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 54, kunye c qinisekisa ukuba isiqinisekiso sokuthobela, esibonisa ukuba umsebenzi owenziweyo uthobelana nalo mthetho kamasipala, singeniswa kuMlawuli: Amanzi.
Ukubulawa kweentsholongwane kufakelo lwamanzi, kuquka neetanki zokugcina.
Umnini makadale ufakelo lwamanzi olutsha oluthotywa ngamanzi asuka kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi de abe amanzi acocekileyo aphume kwisilinganisi samanzi ngasinye esingundoqo.
Umnini zakhiwo nomhlaba walapho itanki yogcino ifakelwe khona kufuneka, kungabikho kanye kwiminyaka emihlanu rhoqo, enze ukuba itanki ifunxwe, ihlolwe ize kubulawe iintsholongwane, ngokuhambiselana ne-SANS 10252:2004 iNdawo1.
Ukuba itanki iye yatshona/yantywila, okanye iye yakwimeko enokwenza ukuba izinto ezingaphakathi zingcoliseke, umnini makenze ukuba itanki ifunxwe ize ihlolwe.
Phambi kokuba itanki okanye ufakelo lwamanzi oluziswa ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo elingezantsi luphindiselwe kwimo yokusebenza, kufuneka luqale lucocwe lubulawe iintsholongwane ngokuhambiselana ne-SANS10252: 2004 iNdawo 1.
kwimeko yokudityaniswa kumbhobho wokunxibelelana, okanye apho kuvumelekileyo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 21, kwaye aqinisekise ukuba ufakelo lungaphakathi kwemida yezakhiwo nomhlaba.
Phambi kokuba kuqalwe umsebenzi ngokubhekiselele kugcino lwesiqingatha sofakelo lwamanzi, umnini makafumane imvume ebhaliweyo kuMlawuli: Amanzi okanye kumnini womhlaba lowo isiqingatha sikuwo, nanjengoko kunokuba njalo.
Akukho mntu unokufakela okanye asebenzise umbhobho okanye isilinganisi samanzi kufakelo lwamanzi ngaphandle kokuba oko kudwelisiwe kuLuhlu lweNkqubo yeMibhobho neZilinganisi zaManzi oLwamkelekileyo, kwaye okanye kungokuhambiselana nemiqathango ebekwe ngokwemiqathango yeCandelo 3.
Nangona isibonelelo secandelo elingezantsi uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho ngosebenziso olukhethekileyo kufakelo olukhethekileyo, ukuvumela ufakelo okanye usebenziso lombhobho okanye isilinganisi samanzi esingaqukwanga kuluhlu lwenkqubo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ngokubhekiselele kuwo nawuphi umbhobho okanye kwisinganisi samanzi esiqukwe kuluhlu lwenkqubo, lubeke leyo miqathango nanjengoko kunokuba yimfuneko ngokubhekiselele kusetyenziso okanye kwindlela yofakelo ngoko.
asisathobeli imigaqo apho uquko lwalusekwe khona, okanye ngokwembono yakhe, ayisalungelanga injongo apho usetyenziso lwayo lwalamkelelwe yona.
Iikopi zoluhlu lwenkqubo olusebenzayo ziyafumaneka kwi-ofisi kamasipala ngeeyure zomsebenzi.
ukuqukuqela/ukuqengqeleka kwezivalo okuya ezantsi okukhawulezileyo, ekubhekiselelwe kuko kwicandelo 28 (a) kunye (b), kunye nokufakwa kwesivalo esingajijekiyo esinobukhulu obufanayo nombhobho woncedo.
apho ukusebenza okufanelekileyo kwezivalo okanye izilinganisi zamanzi ezingundoqo zingaba sengozini ngenxa yokugqitha kwezinto eziqinileyo ezinokuthintela/ezinokuvalela okanye onakalise ngokufanayo, kufakelwe isihluzo, kwindawo ukuze sivumele ukugcinwa usemgangathweni ngokulula.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ukugqiba nokwazisa, ngesicelo somnini nokuhlawulwa kwendleko ezimiselweyo ngexabiso lamandla lendlela yonikezelo lwamanzi olubhekiselele kwizakhiwo nomhlaba wakhe kangangethuba anokwenza isicelo salo.
thintela ukusetyenziswa kwaso, okanye afune kusetyenziswe imiqathango eyamkelekileyo yokhuselo.
Izibhedlele, iikliniki, izindlu zabongikazi, amakhaya abantu abadala kunye nezinye izakhiwo apho abahlali bengenakususwa ngokulula kwimeko yophazamiseko lonikezelo lwamanzi. Iilitha ezingama-250 zebhedi nganye isakhiwo esifaneleke ukuba nayo.
Iindawo zokuhlala abantu abaninzi ezidlula umphakamo ogqitywe licandelo 29 , okanye ogqitha imigangatho emithathu yesakhiwo, engowona uphantsi. Iilitha ezingama-135 kwiqela ngalinye.
Indawo zokulungisa iinwele kunye neyamazinyo iiyure ezi-4 eziyimfuneko ngosuku.
Ushishino (kugcino ngeenjongo zemveliso) iiyure ezi-8 eziyimfuneko ngosuku.
Nawuphi umntu ofakela itanki yogcino makayifake ngendlela ekwindawo eya kuthi umphandle nomphakathi uhlolwe ngokulula, ucocwe, ugcinwe usemgangathweni, ngaphandle kokuba wenziwe ichibi elenziwe ngesamente efihlakeleyo okanye elinenxalenye yalo elitshone emhlabeni kwaye libe liyiliwe, lakhiwe laze lahlolwa ngokuhambiselana ne-SANS 10100-1 kunye ne-SANS 1200-G apho ingumphakathi kuphela ofikelelekayo ukuze kwenziwe ucoco nohlolo.
Akukho mntu ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yoMlawuli: Amanzi unokwenza okanye avumele itanki, eqhushekwe okanye ebekwe emhlabeni, ukuba isetyenziselwe ukwamkela/ukungenisa okanye ukugcina amanzi anikezwa ngumasipala.
ukuphuphuma nentunja yetanki emelana nosuleleko yenzelwe umkhusane ukukhusela ukungena kwezinambuzane, izilwanyana, nezinye imvelaphi zongcoliseko, kunye itanki enokumelana/engavumeli usuleleko ivalwe ngokupheleleyo ayinayo enye indawo yokufikelela kumphakathi, ngaphandle kokubakho kwesigqumathelo secandelo lodonga ecaleni ukulungiselela uhlolo nokucocwa, isigqumathelo sodonga masibe kumgangatho apho itanki ingenakusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokuba sendaweni kwesigqumathelo sodonga ekunokufikelelwa kuso.
Ngaphandle kokuba igunya linikwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi, isibilisi ngasinye, iketile ekhupha umphunga, okanye nezinye izixhobo zokukhupha umphunga, imveliso zerhasi, injini yerhasi okanye injini ye-oyile okanye nasiphi esinye isixhobo, okanye nakanjani apho amanzi anikezwa ngumasipala asetyenziswayo makanikezwe kuphela ngetanki ezalisa ngamanzi abandayo esebenzisa isithuba somoya ukohlula amanzi angundoqo angenayo kwizinto eziqulethwe yitanki.
kwisixokelelwane sonikezelo lwamanzi, kunye nayiphi indawo yofakelo lwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba wakhe.
UMlawuli: Amanzi anganika okanye ale isicelo sokudityaniswa kofakelo lwesicimi-mlilo kundoqo kamasipala.
Akukho manzi aya kunikwa nakuluphi ufakelo lwesicimi-mlilo ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso esamkelwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 53 kwaye olo fakelo luthobelane neemfuno zalo mthetho kamasipala.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi unombono wokuba isicimi-mlilo sifakelwe, asivumeleyo ukuba sidityaniswe kwesikamasipala, asigcinwanga ngendlela yokusebenza eyiyo, okanye asigcinwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, okanye sisetyenziselwa iinjongo ezingezizo ezokulwa umlilo, unokufuna ufakelo olusuka kundoqo okanye alususe, ngendleko yomnini.
Nanini xa kufuneka kunyuswe amandla ofakelo lomlilo, umnini makafakele umbhobho osebenza kubini, osebenza ngeenjogo zokucima umlilo ize enye ibe yeyeenjongo ngokubanzi zasekhaya.
Yonke imibhobho nezilinganisi mazibe nakho ukuthwala amandla angaphezulu kwee-1800 kPa, xa lawo mandla enokulindeleka xa ukonyuswa kusenzeka kwaye ibe nakho ukugcina imfezeko yayo xa isetyenziswe kwiimeko zomlilo.
Umbhobho wokudibanisa ozimeleyo mawufakwe uze usetyenziselwe zonke inkqubo zokuchela nokuphelisa umlilo.
Akukho namnye umntu onokusebenzisa, okanye avumele ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi avela kwezinye iimvelaphi ngaphandle kwamanzi anikezelwa ngumasipala esebenzisela izinto zasekhaya, ngaphandle kokuba amanzi ekubhekiselelwe kuwo amkelwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi ngezo njongo nangokuhabiselelana nemiqathango egqitywe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Akukho mntu unokudibanisa unikezelo lwamanzi asuka nakweyiphi indawo ngokwenkqubo yosasazo lwamanzi ngaphandle kwasuka kunikezelo lwamanzi lukamasipala ngaphambi kolwamkelo olubhaliweyo loMlawuli: Amanzi, nangokuhambiselana nemiqathango egqitywe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Nawuphi umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba apho imvelaphi yamanzi ikhoyo, makanikezele ngenkcukacha ngokubhekiselele kwimvelaphi yamanzi kuMlawuli: Amanzi njengoko kunokufuneka.
Umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba owaphule icandelo 3 elingezantsi, makaxhobise ngeziqinisekilso zohlalutyo nophando lweentsholongwane bacteriological ngokubhekiselele kwimvelaphi yamanzi kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba njengoko kunokufuneka kuMlawuli: Amanzi ngeendleko zakhe xa exelelwe ukuba enze njalo.
imeko ebekwe ngokwemiqathango yelo ecandelo elisezantsi yophulwe, okanye amanzi akasathobeli iimfuno ezibekwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Izibonelelo zeli candelo azisusi nawuphi umntu ukuba angathobeli nezibonelelo ezikhoyo zoMthetho waManzi kaZwelonke, 1998 uMthetho 36 ka 1998 okanye naliphi iqumrhu likazwelonke lowiso-mthetho elifanelekileyo.
ikhuseleke ngokufanelekileyo ekudaleni ingxaki kwimpilo, kwaye ayizaliswanga nangayiphi indlela, zizinto ezinokudala umthombo osecaleni, isitsala-manzi ngaphantsi komhlaba okanye ukuba imvelaphi yamanzi esuka ngaphantsi komhlaba angcoliseke okanye osuleleke.
Akukho namnye ovumelekileyo ukomba/ukugrumba, okanye enze okanye avumele ukombiwa/ukugrunjwa, komthombo, indawo yomthombo okanye isitsali-manzi ngaphantsi komhlaba ngaphandle kokuba uMlawuli: Amanzi unikwe isaziso esibhaliweyo seentsuku ezi-14 ubuncinane senjongo yokwenza oko.
Isaziso esiphulwe ngokwecandelo elingezantsi masazise indawo eceliweyo kunye nenjongo amanzi aza kusetyenziselwa yona.
Ukuba amanzi afumaneka kwisitsala-manzi ngaphantsi komhlaba okanye nakweyiphi imvelaphi yonikezelo lwamanzi nakweziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba asetyenziselwa iinjongo ezinokukhokelela ekuchithekeni kwalawo manzi okanye intsalela yawo kwisixokelelwane sogutyulo sikamasipala, umnini makafakele isilinganisi-manzi kwindawo ekhethwe ngumasipala ekumbhobho lowo ukhokelela kwisitsala-manzi sangaphantsi komhlaba okanye kwenye imvelaphi yonikezelo lwamanzi kwindawo okanye kwiindawo apho isetyenziswa njalo khona.
Ibhunga linakho, ngesaziso sikawonke-wonke, ukufuna ukuba umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba ongaphakathi kommandla kamasipala apho isitsala-manzi sikhoyo, okanye ukuba umnini akahlali kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba, umhlali azise ngokubakho kwesitsala-manzi sangaphantsi komhlaba esilolo hlobo kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba, aze anikezele ngolwazi olubhekiselele kwisitsala-manzi phantsi komhlaba olunokufuneka.
UMlawuli: Amanzi, ukuba ubona kufanelekile, unokufuna ufundo lwenziwe ngendleko zomnini ukuze kuhlolwe nayiphi impembelelo enokuchaphazela umphakathi kumthombo, kwindawo yomthombo okanye kwisitsala-manzi esiceliweyo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi angavuma unikezelo lwamanzi angaselwayo kumsebenzisi-nkonzo xa kwenziwe isicelo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 19 nangaphantsi kokuba eznokuyilungela loo miqathango.
Naluphi unikezelo lwamanzi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi alunakuvumela ukusetyenziselwa nawuphi umsebenzi wasekhaya okanye naziphi ezinye iinjongo, ngokwembono yoMlawuli: Amanzi, olunokwenza ubungozi empilweni.
Akukho siqinisekiso, esichaziweyo okanye esibekiweyo kucoco lwawo nawaphi amanzi angaselwayo anikezwe ngumasipala okanye afanele injongo unikezelo lwamanzi olwalwenzelwe yona.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi angaselwayo kungumngcipheko womsebenzisi-nkonzo wonke, kwaye umasipala akanamfanelo ngokusemthethweni yeziphumo eziyingozi okanye ilahleko evele ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungekho njalo ngoko.
Umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba, apho amanzi angaselwayo ayesetyenzisiwe, makaqinisekise ukkuba zonke izilinganisi ezingundoqo zamanzi nazo zonke izixhobo ezisebenzisa okanye ezinikeza ngamanzi zinophawu olucacileyo lwesaziso esimelana nemozulu ezibonisa ukuba lawo manzi akafanelekanga kusetyenziselwa iinjongo zasekhaya.
Kummandla apho umlanjana ocociweyo wamanzi amdaka usetyenziswa, umsebenzisi-nkonzo uya kumisa izaziso ezimelana nemozulu kwindawo ezibonakalayo elumkisa ukuba amanzi alolo hlobo akafanelanga kusetyenziselwa iinjongo zasekhaya.
Isaziso esilumkisayo ngasinye esibekwe/ esenziwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo kunye no 2 elingezantsi masibe ngeelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa kwiphondo.
Apho umbhobho wokunkcenkceshela usetyenzisiweyo ukunkcenkceshela igadi, ipaki, okanye amabala okudlala amanzi esuka kwisiseko samanzi aselwayo isixhobo sokulawula esinje ngesitshizi sakuncanyathiselwa kwisiphelo sombhobho.
Akukho mntu ngaphandle kokuqala afumane igunya elibhaliweoy kuMlawuli: Amanzi oya kumanzisa umphantsi oqinileyo okanye indawo elungiselelwe ukuhamba esebenzisa amanzi okusela asuka kwisiseko samanzi okusela.
Umbhobho wokunkcenkceshela osetyenziselwa ukuhlamba imoto, isikhephe, ikharavani mawufakwe isixhobo esizilawulayo esizivala ngokwaso.
Iinkqubo zokuzalisa ezizenzelayo ezisebenzisa isivalo esijingayo esizaliswa kwindawo/kwintsusa yamanzi aselwayo ukusa kumachibi okudada namachibi egadi ayivumelekanga.
Amashishini okuhlamba inqwelo zorhwebo makalungise ngokutsha umlinganiselo ongama-50% wamanzi asetyenziswe kwimisebenzi.
Imibhobho emileyo etsalwa kwiimpompo mayibe nomphakamo okungenani ozii- 450 mm, ngokomlinganiselo womphezulu womhlaba.
Obona bukhulu bomgama wokuhamba kwamanzi nakweyiphi impompo efakiweyo kwisitya sokuhlamba izandla ayinakodlula iilitha ezi-6 ngomzuzu.
Akukho gunjana lizenzelayo okanye itanki echithayo inokusetyenziselwa ukuhlisa umchamo.
Ingadlulanga iminyaka emini emva kokubhengezwa kwalo mthetho kamasipala onke amagunjana azenzelayo afakwe ukuthoba imichamo, makasuswe kufakelwe nokuba ziinkqubo ezisetyenziswa ngezandla okanye isixhobo esingasetyenziswa ngasandla esidala ukuthotywa sisebenze emva komchamo/kokusetyenziswa ngakunye kwesixhobo kokuchama.
kudityaniswe isixhobo esizivallayo, okanye kubekho indawo yokubamba eshukumayo ngeenjongo zokuyisebenzisa, okanye ibenakho ukutshixwa ukukhusela ukusetyenziswa ongekho mthethweni, okanye ibe luhlobo olunyazelisa ukulawula ubungakanani bamanzi aphumayo ekusebenzeni kwayo ngakunye.
Abasebenzisi kakhulu bamanzi (abo basebenzisa ngaphezulu kwama- 3 650 kilolitres ngonyaka), ngaphandle kwabo benendawo zokuhlala amaqela abantu, kufuneka benze uphicotho lwamanzi rhoqo ngonyaka. Ingxelo yophicotho mayibekho ukuze ihlolwe ngamagosa asuka kwiSebe leMicimbi yaManzi namaHlathi, yiBhodi yaManzi (apho kukho imfuneko) kunye nomasipala.
uthelekiso lwale miba ingasentla naleyo bekunikwe ingxelo yayo kunyaka ngamnye kwemithathu edlulileyo (apho ikhoyo); kunye xi uqikelelo losetyenziso lwamanzi ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswayo.
Akukho mntu unokuvumela amanzi, asetyenziswe njengendlela yokutshintshisa ubushushu nakwesiphi isixhobo okanye umatshini odityanisiweyo ize inikezele amanzi kufakelo lwamanzi, isebenze ngokuqhubelekayo ukonakalisa amanzi ngaphandle kokugcina umgangatho omiselweyo wamanzi aqinileyo ewonke kumatshini ojikelezayo.
Imibhobho yoBhedu ayinakutywinwa ngombala wobhedu omthuqwa okanye ngesinyithi sesilivere.
Imibhobho yeplastiki ayinakusetyenziswa kwimililo okanye idibanise ufakelo oludibeneyo lwemililo yasekhaya kwindawo ekumhlaba ongaphezulu.
Imibhobho egqithisa amanzi okusela mayikhuselwe elangeni..
Apho umbhobho weplastiki usetyenziselwe ukugqithisa amanzi kumgqomo wofakelo olungasukiyo wamanzi ashushu, iimitha zokuqala eziyi- 2,5 zombhobho kwicala lokuphuma lombhobho mazibe zezobhedu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Workforum.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
Nokubandakanya abaqeshwa ekuthabatheni izigqibo ngokuhlanganelweyo kweminye imibandela ethile.
Iqonga lasemsebenzini lingasekwa kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokusebenza enabaqeshwa abangaphezulu kwe- 100. Eli nani alibabandakanyi abaqeshwa abakwizikhundla eziphezulu zobuphathi. Isicelo singenziwa kuphela xangaba akukho qonga lasemsebenzini esele likhona ngokomThetho woBudlelwane beZabasebenzi, wowe- 1995.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ebanzi, yiya kwiSebe leZabasebenzi.
Kungathabatha iintsuku ezingama 30 ukuze kusekwe eli qonga.
Le nkonzo ayihlawulelwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Wwater_bylaw_xho.2010-03-25.xh.txt</fn>
amanzi amdaka" kubhekiselelwe kuyo nayiphi na inkunkuma emanzi, nokuba iqulethe into enyityilikisiweyo yaye kuqukwa nenkunkuma emanzi yasemakhaya nenkunkuma emanzi evela kwimiz-mveliso kodwa akabandakanywa amanzi esitshi, umjelo wamanzi amdaka" kubhekiselelwe kwizakheko, imijelo ehambisa amanzi amdaka, imibhobho, izivingco, iimpompo, izixhobo zokulinganisa amanzi asetyenzisiweyo okanye nantoni na ehamba nezi ephantsi kolawulo lwebhunga, nenokusetyenziselwa ukuhambisa okanye ukulahlwa kwamanzi amdaka.
makongeze umthamo wesixhobo sokufakelwa komjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka ukuze ulungelelane nenkunkuma emanzi eyongezelelekileyo, okanye makokhe ngokutsha umjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka ukuze uthobele iimfuno zeBhunga.
ukungena kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba okanye amanzi esitshi kumjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka kwawakhe amasango, ukuvuza kwamanzi amdaka avela kumjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka kwawakhe amasango, yaye umnini popati ngamnye kuyimfuneko ukuba athabathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuthintelo ukungenzeki kwezi zinto.
ukulahlela nantoni na ngaphandle kwenkunkuma ephuma kwimizi-mveliso komnye umjelo wabucala ohambisa amanzi amdaka, kunye kwiimeko apho kufakelwe omnye umjelo wabucala ohambisa amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso, kungalahlelwa amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mvelisoukuya kweminye imijelo ephantsi komhlaba ehambisa amanzi amdaka.
ukususa nantoni na elahliweyo, evunyelwe ukuba ingene okanye efakwe kumjelo ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka okanye kumsele woluntu ngokuchasene nemiqathango yeli candelo, kunye kususa nantoni na eyonakalisa, esitha okanye eyenza ubungozi okanye enokonakalisa , isithe ibeke engozini okanye itshabalalise nawuphi na umjelo ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka.
Ukuba nabani na akaphumeleli ukuthobela imiqathango emiselwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana , iBhunga linakho ukuthabatha amanyathelo anokucingelwa njengeayimfuneko ukulungisa lo mbandela ngeendleko zomntu lowo unoxanduva lokwenza oko.
enze amalungiselelo ayimfuneko ukuze kulahlwe ngokukhuselekileyo amanzi amdaka kumasango alo mnini propati, okanye ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi amdaka esiwa kwiziko ekucocwa kulo amanzi amdaka okanye nakuyiphi na enye indawo efanelekileyo neyamkelweyo libhunga, yaye acoce, alungise, okhe ngokutsha, atshintshe, abeke kwindawo entsha okanye athobele imiqathango enokumiselwa libhunga.
IBhunga liya kwenza amalungiselelo okucoca imijelo yabucala ephantsi komhlaba ehambisa amanzi amdaka evalekileyo ngeendleko zomnini propati.
Kwimeko apho kufunyenwe ukuba umjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka uvalekile, ngenxa yomonakalo okanye ukuvaleka zizibi kufunyenwe kumjelo kamasipala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka, akukho zindleko ziya kuhlawuliswa umnini propati.
Unokwaphula, okanye avumele ukwaphula, kwawo nawuphi na umqathango owamiselwa libhunga xa lalinika imvume yokulahla amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso.
ngaphandle kokuba ibhunga liyamkele indlela yokuthuthwa laza lamisela imiqathango eliyicingela njengefanelekileyo ejongene nokulahlwa kwalo manzi amdaka, yaye ngayo nayiphi na enye indlela yokuthutha amanzi ngaphandle kokuba kufunyenwe isiqinisekiso sokwamkelwa esibhaliweyo sinikezelwe kwiimeko nganye ngumntu osemagunyeni kwelo ziko lamkelwe libhunga nalapho lo manzi amdaka okanye isiveliso esilisolotya salo manzi amdaka silahlwayo, eso siqinisekiso kuyimfuneko ukuba sigcinwe ze ziveliswe ukuze sihlolwe ngulo mntu uvelise amanzi amdaka okanye iimveliso zawo ubuncinane isithuba sonyaka omnye emva komhla wokulahlwa kwalo manzi amdaka.
alahle lo manzi amdaka kuyo nayiphi na indawo ngaphandle kwakwindawo yokulahla eyamkelweyo libhunga, okanye ayeke lo manzi amdaka achitheke, avuze okanye athontsize ephuma kuso nasiphi na isiqulathi.
Nabani na onikwe imvume yokulahlela, okanye ukuvumela ukulahlelwa kwamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso kumjelo kamasipala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka, uya kuba noxanduva lokuhlawula umrhumo kwibhunga noya kuthi ubalwe ngokulandela imiqathango yeShedyuli yoku-1 neye-2.
owenza intsongelo, oxhathisayo, ophazamisa okanye oma endleleni yakhe nawuphi na uceba, igosa okanye igosa lebhunga xa lisenza umsebenzi walo ngokwemigaqo yalo mtehtho kamasipala, okanye onika ngabom ulwazi olunmgeyonyaniso okanye ulwazi olulahlekisayo kuye nawuphi na uceba, igosa okanye igosa lebhunga, uya kuba nentyala lolwaphulo-mthetho yaye uya kujongana nokugwetywa ngesohlwayo.
Umrhumo uya kuba, ngokuxhomekeke kwimiqathango elandelayo yale Shedyuli, lixabiso elifunyenwe ngokusebenzisa indlela yokubala ebalwe ngokulandela umbandela oku- ngezantsi.
Vw ngumthamo opheleleyo, ochazwa ngokweekhilolitha, umthamo wamanzi amdaka alahlwa evela kwindawo ethile ngelo xesha.
SVC ngumrhumo womthamo wothungelwano lwemijelo ephantsi komhlaba ohlawulwa ngokulandela imigaqo yerhafu yococeko.
Vie ngumthamo opheleleyo, ochazwa ngokweekhililotha, wamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso alahlwa kulo ndawo ngelo xesha.
L ngumlinganiselo olungele olo xinzelelo lwento ethile.
Kwimeko yoxinzelelo lwe-pH parameter u-X umela ixabiso le-pH yaye, ukuba u-(X-L) unika isiphumo esinentlawulo engenaxabiso, kufuneka itshintshwe intlawulo enexabiso elikhulu ngokulinganayo nelo.
I-COD yamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso ngumlinganiselo weqondo lokubala eliguqukayo kwiisampuli ezine ezithatyathwa nangaliphi na ixesha kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezilishumi elinambini.
I-SF yamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso lelona xabiso limiselwa kamva.
I-SF yongeza kubo bonke ubuninzi obungaphandle kwemilinganiselo emiselwe kwiShedyuli ye-2.
Umnini propati/lowo uhleliyo kulo propati kuyo nayiphi na indawo unelungelo lokufumana/ xa enze isicelo, inxalenye yayo nayiphi na isampuli ethatyathiweyo kulo ndawo ngaphambi kokuba lo sampuli isuswe libhunga.
IBhunga linelungelo lokusebenzisa okanye lokurhoxisa ilungelo ubungakanani bezinto ezithile njengoko kumiselweyo.
Ibhunga lilo emisela ubuninzi obupheleleyo bamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso anokulahlwa kwindawo nganye.
Ukuba amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso namanye amanzi amdaka alinganiswa ndawonye, ibhunga liya kukuvumela oko xa libona kufanelekile yaye ibubulungisa kwamanye amanzi amdaka.
Ibhunga liya kusekezela ixabiso elilimiselayo ngokwexabiso lamanzi asetyenziswa kulo ndawo, emva kouvumela nantoni na eliyicingela ifanelekile ngamanzi asetyenziselwa iinjongo zasendlwini okanye ukunkcenkceshela, amanzi alahleka kumoya ojikelezileyo, okanye kwizinto eziveliswa kule ndawo, yaye ukuba amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso alahlwa kula masango alahlwa kwiindawo ezininzi, ibhunga liya kubabela elo xabiso likhankanyiweyo lamanzi kwezo ndawo alahlwa kuzo amanzi ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukuba isixhobo sokulinganisa siqinisekiswa njengesonakeleyo, ibhunga liya, ngokuxhomekeke kumbandela oku- ngezantsi, kwenza amalungiselelo afanelekileyo okuqwalasela ukonakala kwesixhobo eso xa lisenza izibalo zalo ngobuninzi bamanzi alahlwayo.
Ibhunga linakho, ngesaziso esibhaliweyo, ukucela ukuba lowo uhleli kulo propati, umnini propati okanye umntu olawulayo kulo ndawo, okanye osebenzisa, nawaphi na amasango ukuba abonelele ngolwazi, indlela yokungena okanye izinto ibhunga elicingela ukuba ziyimfuneko ukuze kubalwe ngokuchanekileyo umrhumo omele ukuhlawulwa, okanye ukuba ingaba ukho kusini na umrhumo ohlawulelwa ukusetyenziswa kwalo ndawo.
Ukuba ibhunga linoluvo lokuba ukuthatyathwa kweesampuli akubonakalisi elona qondo lenene lomgangatho wamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso, linakho ukusebenzisa enye indlela eyamkelekileyo lilungiselela ukumisela umrhumo ofanelekileyo nonobulungisa wokulahlwa kwamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso.
yokuba inkqubo yokubala echazwe kumbandela 1 ngasentla, ayiyomfuneko, kunye/okanye b isaziso esichazwe kumbandela 25 ngasentla asithotyelwa kunye/okanye, kukho nakuphi ukuchaswa kwalo mthetho kamasipala yaye ngenxa yoko imirhumoo emele ukuhlawulwa ngokubhekiselele kulo ndawo ayibalwanga ngokuchanekileyo, ngoko ke ibhunga liya kuhlola umrhumo omelet ukuhlawulwa ngokwexabiso elicingelwa njengelifanelekileyo nelobulungisa.
ukulinganisa ngokwahlukeneyo umthamo wamanzi asetyenziselwe nayiphi na injongo eyodwa okanye kwinxalenye ethile yalo propati, yaye kubonelelwe ngesiqinisekiso esanelisa iimfuno zebhunga ukuba nasiphi na isixhobo sokulinganisa amanzi okanye ubuchule obusetyenzisiweyo obuchazwe kumbandela 8(a) nakumbandela 8(b) sisasebenza ngokukuko nangokuchanekileyo.
Iphephandaba loMbuso lePhondo nomb.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Www.capegateway.gov.za.xho.your_gov.7857.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana eliKhulu loLawulo neNkxaso yeQumrhu ijolise ekukhuthazeni oomasipala ngokukuko nokuchanekileyo.
Ukukhuthaza ulawulo olululo kunye nohlanganiso oluchanekileyo ngaphakathi eburhulumenteni naphakathi kwamasebe.
Ukuqwalasela intlalontle iyonke/ukusebenza koomasipala nokunikezela ulawulo nenkxaso ekhethekileyo.
Ukulawula, ukuqinisa, ukunxibelelanisa nokukhusela inkqubo yophuhliso lwabasebenzi boluntu ngokukuko nangokufanelekileyo kwiphondo laseNtshona Koloni.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Www.capegateway.gov.za.xho.your_life.4493.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
What is Abuse?
Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo.
Oomama bangabelekela kwiikliniki ezisisigxina okanye kumaCandelo okuBelekisa, aqhutywa ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni kubaguli bamaziko ezonyango. Ukuba kuthe kwakho iingxaki ngethuba lokubeleka, baya kuthi bathunyelwe kwisibhedlele esingentla. Oomama abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangazibandakanya nenkonzo Yokuthintelwa Kokudluliselwa Kwentsholongwane Ukusuka Kunina Ukuya Elusaneni 1/1.
Iinkonzo zasemva kokubeleka ziyafumaneka emva kokuba umama nosana lwakhe olusandul' ukuzalwa bekhululwe kwiCandelo lokuBelekisa okanye ekliniki. Oku kusoloko kusenzeka emva kweeyure ezintandathu usana luzelwe ukuba umama nosana basempilweni entle.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
Abantu basetyhini abangafuni kuqhubekeka nokukhulelwa kwabo banokukhetha ukukuphelisa oko kukhulelwa. Ukuqhomfa ungakhange uhlawule nesenti kuyafumaneka kwezinye iikliniki zoMbuso.
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo.
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonkÃ†omama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
Abafazi abayeka ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha elililo (ngaphambi kobudala obungama- 45 eminyaka) okanye abakwixesha lokuyeka kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu ezibagungqisayo, banakho ukufumana uphononongo koogqirha bomama kwakunye nokuxilongwa. Uvavanyo lwencindi lungenziwa ukuze kubekho izigqibo zonyango. Oomama bangacela ingcebiso ukuze bakwazi ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela yonyango iphucukileyo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ekuqaleni konyaka wezifundo ka-2012, wonke umhlohli kuso sonke isikolo saseNtshona Koloni uya kuxhotyiswa ukuze abe nokusebenzisa ubugisa obufanelekileyo nobukhoyo ngelo xeshaxa befundisa kuye nawuphi na umfundi kweli phondo.
Iya kuqala ngezona zikolo zihlelelekileyo, iKhanya isebenzela ukunciphisa ukungahlangani ngokobugcisa kwanokuzuza ukulingana ngokobuhlanga nangokwesini.
Yintoni kanye-kanye eli Phulo leKhanya?
Iphulo iKhanya linyathelo leSebe Lemfundo aseNtshona Koloni, nelaqala ngenyanga kaTshazimpunzi ngo-2001. Eli phulo lijongana neendlela zokusebenzisa ulwazi, unxibelelwano nobugcisa bomculo ukuphucula ukufundisa nokufunda, okanye ukunikezelwa kwezifundo ezikolweni.
Injongo kukuba wonke umhlohli waseNtshona Koloni uya kuhamba ahambe abusebenzise ubugcisa, bugcisa obo bufana neekhomyutha noomabona-kude, ekufundiseni. Oku ke kunganceda ekunciphiseni ukungoneli kwabahlohli abaqeqeshiweyo kwizikolo ezininzi. Eli phulo likwalindele ukuba abafundi baya kuba nakho ukusebenzisa iikhomyutha ngeenjongo zokufunda.
Izixhobo ezifana neekhomyutha kwakunye nokunye okufana neenkqubo zeekhompyutha ziyanikezelwa ezikolweni. Ukusetyenziswa nokunikezelwa kwazo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zesikolo eso.
Nangona ke zonke kuya kuthi kujoliswe kuzo zonke izikolo ekuhambeni kwexesha, eli phulo sele liqalwe apho kuyimfuneko kakhulu futhi nalapho kukhangeleka ngathi kungazuzwa khona iziqhamo.
Ngoko ke eli phulo lijolise kwizikolo eziphantsi kolawulo olusemgangathweni kwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo ezineziphumo zemfundo ezixolisayo, apho ubugcisa obutsha buya kwenza owona mahluko kubomi babahlohli nobabafundi. Izikolo ziyamenywa ukuba zizimanye neli phulo xa abasebenzi bazo benakho ukumelana nokusebenzisa ubugcisa babufake kwindlela abahlohla ngayo.
Eli phulo sele lenze uthelekelelo ukufumanisa ukuba isikolo ngasinye sibudinga kangakanani, njani ubugcisa. Iindlela zoqhagamshelwano ngeekhompyutha zisekelwe ukukwazi ukusebenza nge-internet kwakunye nezixhobo zomculo kwizikolo ngokobunye bazo, ngendela yokuphendula kwiimfuno zazo zezixhobo zobugcisa.
Izikolo ezingama-490 zithe zafumana uncedo ukuze zisebenzise ubugcisa bonxibelelwano ngendlela eyenza umahluko.
Kusetyenziswa iikhompyutha ezifikelela kuma-18,306 kungoku nje zizikolo zaseKkhayelitsha (yaye kweli nani, ama-10,561 athe afumana inkxaso-mali kwiKhanya okanye kwimibutho esebenzisana nayo, ze eziseleyo ezingama-7,745 zafunyanwa zizikolo zona ngokwazo).
Kungoku nje abahlohli abangama-13,034 baxhotyiswa ngezakhono zokusebenzisa obu bugcisa bonxibelelwano ngendlela eza kuphucula indlela abahlohla ngayo.
IKhanya le ine- website egqibeleleyo nequlethe iinkcukacha ngeentshukumo zayo kwizikolo nemimandla ethile, kwakunye neempendulo kwimibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo ngephulo eli.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.glossary.I.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
I-Abalone - Esi sisidalwa saselwandle esityiwayo nesinoqweqwe olwenziwe lwafana nendlebe egqunywe yincindi eyikhuselayo. I-Abalone le sisidalwa esinqabileyo nesikumngcipheko wokuphela nya ehlabathini.
I-Catchment - Esi sisitya sokuhluza okanye indawo ehlala amanzi, imvula ibumbana apha kule ngingqi ze ihambe ngomsinga ukuya emlanjeni.
I-Circular - Esi sisaziso okanye umkhomba-ndlela onikwa abantu abaninzi. Umzekelo, icircular yesebe lezemfundo inganikwa wonke umntu osebenzela iSebe lezeMfundo.
I-Constituency - Le yingingqi ilungu lombutho wezopolitiko elonyulelwe ukuba lijongane nayo ze linikezele neengxelo zomsebenzi walo kuyo. Umzekelo, ooceba beengingqi ezithile kwinqanaba likamaspala banoxanduva lokujongana nabantu baloo ngingqi futhi kufuneka bamele iimfuno nezidingo zabo kwiBhunga.
I-Crime Stop - Eli liphulo elazisa futhi likhuthaze uluntu nabantu ngabantu ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba ekuncitshisweni kolwaphulo-mthetho eMzantsi Afrika. Libandakanya inombolo yokwabelana ngomnxeba apho unokudlulisa ingxelo ngolwaphulo-mthetho ungakhange uzazise.
I-Cryptography - Ukhuseleko lwe-internet olubandakanya ukufakwa kwekhowudi kulwazi ukuze loo khowudi ibe nokususwa ngabantu abathile kuphela.
i-Cultural 2005 - Esi sisicwangciso semfundo kwizikolo ekufuneka sibe kanti sisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo ngo-2005. Le ndlela yezifundo ijoliswe kubafundi yaye ijonge ikakhulu ekuphuculeni iziphumo. Imele ukuphuhlisa indlela yokucinga eyiyo nesebenzisa amaqhinga.
I-Obstetrics - Eli lelinye isebe lezempilo ejongene nonophelo lwaphambi kokuzalwa komntwana, ukuzalwa kwabantwana kwanononophelo lwasemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
I-Ordinance - Lo ngumthetho owiswe ngurhulumente wephondo.
I-Orthotics - Ke yinzululwazi yezempilo ejongene nezixhobo zeengcali ukuxhasa okanye ukunceda imidabaniso okanye amalungu omzimba asele ephelelwe ngamandla okanye akhubazekileyo.
I-PERSAL - Esi sisikhundla seSebe leeNkonzo Zoluntu Nendlela Yolawulo Lwabasebenzi Nezisekelo.
I-Schedule - Esi sisihlomelo kwisuntswana lomthetho esiquka ulwazi oluneenkcukacha ezininzi ezingafakwanga kuloo mthetho.
I-Statutes - Le yimithetho ewiswe yipalamente.
I-Subpoena - Lo ngumyalelo okuchazela ukuba uyafuneka enkundleni ngeenjongo zokuya kunikezela ubungqina njengengqina.
IBafana Bafana - Eli ligama iqela lesizwe lomdlalo webhola ekhatywayo loMzantsi Afrika elibizwa ngalo, gama elo lithetha amadodana.
IBhanki Yehlabathi - Eli ligama elinikwa amaziko amane anikezela ngeemali-mboleko nolunye uncedo lwezimali kumazwe. Amaziko eBhanki Yehlabathi aphantsi kolawulo lwamazwe afaka igalelo kwiNgxowa-mali Yezimali Yamazwe Ngamazwe.
IBhodi Ejongene Neelwimi zaseMzantsi Afrika - Eli liqumrhu likarhulumente elinoxanduva lokukhusela, ukuphakamisa kwanokuphuhlisa iilwimi ezilishumi elinanye ezithethwa ngokusesikweni eMzantsi Afrika.
IBhodi Yeenkonzo Zezimali - Eli liziko elizimeleyo elingunobangela womthetho elijongana noShishino lweeNkonzo Zezimali Ezingenanto yakwenza naziBhanki eMzantsi Afrika ngokweemfuno zoluntu. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, tyelela iwebsite yeFSB.
IBhunga Eliphanda Ngezolimo - Eli liqumrhu likarhulumente elifunda imibuzo enento yokwenza nolimo ze ivelisele icandelo lezolimo iimveliso neenkonzo ezintsha. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, ndwendwela iwebsite ye-ARC.
IBhunga Elisezantsi Kwelikhulu - Eli bhunga yingxenye yebhunga likamaspala. Limele intlaninge yooceba abahlanganisiweyo futhi lingenza iziphakamiso kweli Bhunga ngemiba echaphazela loo ngingqi. Eli bhunga lisenokunikwa namagunya okwenza imisebenzi enento yokwenza naloo ngingqi.
IBhunga Elishukuxa Imiba Yempangelo - Eli bhunga liqumrhu lomzi-mveliso apho abasebenzi nabaqashi badibana khona ukushukuxa nokufikelela kwizivumelwano ngemiba yemivuzo neemeko ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo.
IBhunga leGITO (iBhunga Lamagosa Obugcisa Bonxibelelwano kuRhulumente) - La ngamagosa ongamele izihlalo eziphezulu kurhulumente namele amasebe esizwe noorhulumente bamaphondo abanoxanduva oluhlangeneyo lokunikezela umkhomba-ndlela kwizicwangciso-maqhinga.
ICandelo leeNkonzo Zoluntu - Likwabizwa njengesebe leenkonzo zaseburhulumenteni, eli lisebe likarhulumente elibonelela ngeenkonzo kuluntu, umzekelo ukuqinisekisa ukufikeleleka kwamanzi nezixhobo zococeko.
ICandelo Lolawulo Loluntu - La ngamacandelo karhulumente aqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kweenjongo zemithetho, abonelela ngeenkonzo kuluntu nanoxanduva lokuqhuba imicimba yamihla le kweli lizwe.
ICandelo Loqoqosho Lwaseburhulumenteni - Eli licandelo loqoqosho eliphantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente okanye eliphantsi kolawulo loluntu jikelele, kuquka kwanabasemagunyeni kurhulumente wesizwe owephondo nowedolophu kwanamqumrhu karhulumente.
IDemocracy - Olu lulawulo ngentando yesininzi. Abantu bayavota kulonyulo ze umbutho wezopolitiko okanye abagqatswa abafumene ezona voti zininzi balawule ilizwe.
IFauna - Zizilwanyana.
IFluoride - Le yenye yezinto ezisoloko zifakwa kwizibonelelo zamanzi neemveliso zonyango lwamazinyo (ezifana nentlama yamazinyo) ukunceda ukuqinisekisa amazinyo awomeleleyo, nasempilweni.
IFoetal Alcohol Syndrome - Oku kukukhubazeka komzimba nengqondo yosana olungekazalwa, nto leyo engunobangela wokudibana kolo sana lungekazalwa notywala ngenxa yokuba unina wabusela ngexa esakhulelwe.
IFynbos - Esi sisityalo semvelo saseNtshona Koloni. Ezi zityalo azikhuli naphi na kwezinye iindawo ehlabathini. IFynbos inika umdla omkhulu kubathandi bezityalo ngenxa yeentlobo zayo ezininzi.
IGeriatric - Lo ngumntu omdala kakhulu.
IGlobalisation - Apha kuxa umba othile ungekho kwilizwe elinye kuphela kodwa uchaphazela amazwe amaninzi ehlabathini. Lo mba unokuba ubhekisa kwinkcubeko, ushishino okanye uqoqosho.
Igosa Laseburhulumenteni - Lo ngumntu osebenzela urhulumente. Igosa okanye umlawuli kwinkqubo yolawulo karhulumente.
IGqwetha Lempahla - Eli ligqwetha eliyingcali ekudluliselweni kwempahla kubanye abanini.
IGreen Paper - Eli liphepha lokugaya izimvo, ekuyilweni komgaqo-nkqubo kumba othile elenziwa futhi likhutshwe liSebe elithile likaRhulumente.
IHabitat - Le yindawo nengingqi apho isityalo okanye isilwanyana siqhele ukuhlala khona.
IHansard - Le yimizuzu yeengxoxo neendibano zepalamente.
IHistopathology - Ezi zizifundo zeenguqu ezincinci kangangokuba zingabonwa kuphela ngoomatshini boomabona-kude ezenzeka kwizihlunu zomzimba.
IHorticulture - Le yinzululwazi yokutyala iziqhamo, imifuno iintyatyambo okanye ezinye izityalo.
IHypertension - Esi sisifo soxinzelelo lwegazi.
IiGabion - Ezi zizitya ezinkulu nezivulekileyo zesinyithi ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza amadama nezisekelo zezakhiwo.
Iikopi Eziqinisekisiweyo - Ezi ziimpepha ezisesikweni ze zafotwa ukwenza ezinye iikopi, kopi ezo ke ziqinisekiswe nguMkomishinala Wezifungo ukuba zikotshwe kwezo zokwenyani.
Iindawo Ezinobutyebi Behlabathi - Ezi ziindawo zemvelo nezenkcubeko ezibaluleke kakhulu ngokugcina imbali. Kukho uluhlu lwamazwe ngamazwe olunezi ndawo noluphantsi kolawulo lweKomiti Yoorhulumente Bamazwe Ngamazwe Ejongene Nobutyebi Behlabathi. Umzekelo, isiqithi iRobben Island yenye yeendawo ezinobutyebi behlabathi.
Iindawo Zokuhlala Ezingakhiwanga Ngemvume kaRhulumente - Ezi zizindlu namatyotyombe akhiwe kumhlaba ongalungiselelwanga lwakhiwo lwazindlu. Apha akukho zinkonzo zifana mhlawumbi nombane, amanzi, kwanezixhobo zococeko.
Iindlela Zokusebenza Ezingekho Mgangathweni - Ezi ziimeko zokusebenza okanye iintshukumo nezigqibo ezinento yokwenza nengqesho futhi ezingasebenzisani nemigaqo yemithetho yengqesho.
Iindlela Zokuzikhusela Zomntu Wonke - La ngamacebo okuzikhusela ekufuneka esetyenziswe nguye wonke ubani ukuqinisekisa ukuba intsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo azisasazeki.
Iindlela Zokuziphatha Kumashishini - Le yimigangatho yokuziphatha esetyenziswa kubudlelwane nakwiintshukumo zoshishino.
Iingingqi Ezisemaphandleni - Ezi ziingingqi ezingaphandle kwezixeko kwakunye needolophu ezinkulu, kuquka neengingqi zolimo. Kukho imigangatho esezantsi yeenkonzo kwanezixhobo zokuphila kwezi ngingqi futhi abantu abahlala kuzo kufuneka bahambe imigama emide ukuze bafikelele kwezona ndawo zokufumana iinkonzo zikufutshane.
Iinjongo - Le yinjongo esamele ukuphunyezwa. Yinto ekufuneka umbutho ngamnye uyenzile ukuze ufezekise umbono wawo.
Iinkedama zikaGawulayo - Aba ngabantwana abangaphantsi kwe-15 okanye i-18 leminyaka ubudala ababazali babo basutywe kukufa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo/kaGawulayo. Umntwana lo usenokuba nayo okanye angabi nayo le ntsholongwane.
Iinkonzo Ezingundoqo - Ezi ziinkonzo ezibalulekileyo nezingundoqo urhulumente ekulindeleke ukuba abonelele ngazo. Umzekelo: amanzi, ezococeko nombane.
iinkonzo Zaseburhulumenteni - Eli ke liqumrhu labantu abasebenza kwicandelo loLawulo likaRhulumente ukuze libonelele ngeenkonzo kuluntu. Aba baqeshwa abonyulwanga.
Iinkqubo Zokukhetha Abathile Kwiinkonzo - Inkqubo elandelwayo xa amasebe karhulumente iimveliso okanye iinkonzo. Le nkqubo iquka ukunikezela ngeethenda nangeekontraka.
IiNkundla - Ezi ziiNkundla eziqinisekisa ukuba umthetho uyahlonitshwa ze zikhusele namalungelo aqinisekiswe nguMgaqo-siseko. Eli sebe likarhulumente lizimele yaye alikho phantsi kwamasebe owisomthetho nelolawulo.
IiNkundla Zabantwana - Ezi ziinkundla ezibekelwe bucala ukujongana namatyala apho umntu osemncinci atyholwa ngokwaphula umthetho.
IiNkundla zooMantyi - Ezi ziinkundla ezisezantsi apho inguMantyi othabatha izigqibo. Zijongana namatyala angekho nzima nangekho mabi kakhulu kwanemiba yasekuhlaleni eyenzeka kwiindawo ezikuzo ezo nkundla.
IiNkundla Zoqhawulo-mtshato - Ezi ziinkundla ezijongene kuphela namatyala okuqhawulwa komtshato.
Iisampulu Eziza Kuvavanyelwa Iimpawu Zesifo - Ezi ziisampulu zeencindi okanye igazi ezithunyelwa kumzi wophando lwenzululwazi yezempilo ukuze zifundwe ukufumanisa ukuba ezo sampulu zinasifo sithile na, yintoni na eso sifo, yintoni unobangela waso nokuba sesikhule kangakanani na kuloo mzimba.
IJuvenile - Lo ngumntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala.
IKapa Elihlumayo - Esi sisicwangciso-qhinga sephondo leNtshona Koloni esijoliswe ekukhuliseni nasekuphuhliseni eli phondo.
IKhabhinethi - Le yintloko yesebe eliphezulu lolawulo lukarhulumente. Iquka uMongameli, uSekela-Mongameli kunye naBaphathiswa beKhabhinethi abangama-24.
IKholera - IKholera le sisifo esosulelayo esibangwa ngamanzi angcolileyo awenza ukuba umntu agabhe kabuhlungu, ukujijeka kwamathumbu nokurhuda okuba nzima nabuhlungu.
IKhowudi Yezezindlu - Le yimikhomba-ndlela yesizwe kuncedo-mali lokwakhiwa kwezindlu kuquka nolwazi oluthe vetshe ngendlela yokufaka izicelo zoncedo-mali lokwakhiwa kwezindlu.
IKomishoni Ezimeleyo Yolonyulo (i-IEC) - Eli liqumrhu elingumvuka woMgaqo-siseko elinoxanduva lokuququzelela ulonyulo kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba olo lonyulo lukhululekile futhi alunamkhethe.
IKomishoni Yamalungelo Oluntu yaseMzantsi Afrika - Eli liqumrhu elingumvuka woMgaqo-siseko ukuze liphakamise, likhusele futhi libe liliso kumalungelo oluntu eMzantsi Afrika.
IKomishoni yeeNkonzo zeeNkundla - Le Komishoni icebisa urhulumente kwimiba enento yokwenza neenkundla, umzekelo ukuqeshwa kweejaji.
IKomishoni Yemithetho yoMzantsi Afrika - Le yikomishoni ephanda ngamacandelo afuna ukwenzelwa imithetho emitsha okanye iinguqu ezinkulu ngokwemithetho. Ngokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokubandakanywa koluntu jikelele, le komishoni iza neziphakamiso ngemithetho emitsha enokuquka imithetho esayilwayo.
IKomishoni Yenyaniso Noxolelwaniso - I-TRC ngamafutshane. Le komishoni yamiselwa ukufumanisa izizathu, ubume nobungakanani bokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu okwenzeka apha eMzantsi Afrika phakathi komhla wokuqala kwinyanga yoKwindla kunyaka ka-1960 nomhla wesithandathu kweyoMnga ka-1994, ukuze kuxolelwe abo benza iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezayamene neenjongo zopolitiko, ukwenzela amaxhoba onyhasho lwamalungelo oluntu ukuba anikezele ngobungqina ze enze neengxelo ezidiza iziphumo neziphakamiso zale Komishoni.
IKomishoni Yokuphuculwa Nokukhuselwa Kwamalungelo Enkcubeko, Enkolo Nawezeelwimi - Eli qumrhu ladalwa nguMgaqo-siseko ukuphucula intlonipho kwiinkcubeko, iinkolo neelwimi ezahlukeneyo.
IKomishoni Yoxolelwaniso, Ukungenelela Nokunqanda (iCCMA ngamafutshane) - Eli liqumrhu elizimeleyo elijongana nemiba eyahlukeneyo yezabasebenzi futhi linceda nasekusonjululweni kweembambano phakathi kwabaqashi nabaqashwa.
IKomiti Emileyo - Le yikomiti esisigxina. Umzekelo, iKomiti Emileyo Nehlangeneyo ejongene Nomgangatho Wobomi Kwanobume Bemeko Yamakhosikazi yikomiti esisigxina yepalamente yesizwe.
IKomiti Yeethenda - Le yikomiti esesikweni ebekelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo zikarhulumente ziyalandelwa xa kuchongwa ithenda.
IKomiti Yexeshana Nje elincinci - Le yikomiti eyenzelwe injongo ethile eluqilima futhi ekho ixesha eliqingqiweyo.
IKona Yezoshishino Kwithala Leencwadi - Eli licandelo kwithala leencwadi likawonke-wonke elibonelela ngolwazi ngokuqala nokuqhuba ishishini.
ILegal Aid - Le yinkonzo yeengcebiso ngomthetho engahlawulelwayo kubantu abatyholwa ngokwaphula umthetho bengakwazi kumelana neendleko zamagqwetha.
Ilizwe Eliphuhlileyo - Eli lilizwe apho amashishini athabatha indawo ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho oluluqilima nolucwangciswe ngendlela eyiyo kwanezixhobo nezibonelelo eziphuhliswe ngobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa bala maxesha. Likwabizwa njengelizwe elikwiHlabathi Lokuqala.
IMali-mboleko - Le yimali ekhutshwa ngurhulumente ukunceda umbutho kanye umntu othile ukuba athenge into ethile. Umzekelo, imali-mboleko yendlu yimali enokusetyenziselwa ukuthenga indlu.
Imbacu - Lo ngumntu oqhweshela kwelinye ilizwe ngenxa yokutshutshiswa ngokobuhlanga, ngokwenkolo nangokopolitiko. Iimbacu zivumelekile ngokomthetho ukuba zihlale kwilizwe ezibalekela kulo.
Imbali Yenkcubeko - Le yimbali yembumba yesizwe esithile, kuquka namasiko, izithethe nendlela yabo yokuphila.
IMbumba Ejongene Nolwaphulo-mthetho Ekuhlaleni (iCPF ngamafuphi) - Le yimbumba yabemi abakhathazekileyo lizinga lolwaphulo-mthetho kwiindawo abahlala ze basebenze kuzo, futhi bakwasebenzisana namapolisa aloo ngingqi ekudaleni uzinzo nasekugcineni ingingqi abahlala kuyo iyekhuselekileyo.
Imbuyekezo Yemali Yerhafu - Apha kuxa imali ethile ibuyiselwe kuwe emva kokuba uhlawule imali ubuyityala. Umzekelo, ukuba uhlawule irhafu engaphaya kwaleyo uyityalayo, uya kukwazi ukufumana imbuyekezo ngokuthi ubuyiselwe isixa esithile.
IMethodology - Le yindlela okanye isicwangciso osithabathayo ukuze ube nakho ukuzuza into ethile. Umzekelo, kuya kufuneka ukhethe indlela ethile yokwenza uphando lwakho phambi kokuba ube kanti uyangena nzulu kolo phando.
Imfundo Ekude - Le yimfundo ngaphandle kokudibana komfundi nomhlohli ubuso ngobuso. Ikwabizwa njengemfundo yembalelwano.
IMfundo Enomsila - Le yimfundo esesikweni elandela emva kwemfundo yesikolo esiphakamileyo. Le mfundo iquka imfundo yeedyunivesithi neeteknikoni.
IMfundo Ephakamileyo - Le yimfundo elandela emva kwemfundo yezikolo zemfundo ephakamileyo, kuquka noqeqesho lwasezidyunivesithi naseziteknikoni. Ikwabizwa njengemfundo ephakamileyo. Iquka lonke uqeqesho olukhokelela kwimfundo yeNQF engaphezu kwebanga lematriki.
IMfundo Esekelwe Kwiziphumo - Le yindlela yemfundo apho yonke into efundiswayo inenjongo yayo. Ubume bezifundo kwanazo zonke iimviwo zakhiwa ngokubhekiselele kwezi ziphumo zifunwayo nezilindelekileyo.
Imfuyo Ephilayo - Le ke yimfuyo efuywa kwifama ngeenjongo zokufumana ingeniso. Umzekelo, iinkukhu, iinkomo neehagu.
Imibutho Esekelwe Kwinkolo - Le yimibutho engajonge ngeniso emalungu ayo akholelwa kwinto enye kwezakwaLizwi.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo - Le yimibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo. Iiwebsite kwakunye neepasile ezinolwazi zisoloko ziqulethe amacandelo aphendula le mibuzo.
IMicroeconomics - Ezi zizifundo zamacandelo amancinci omthengi okwinqanaba elisezantsi, ukuziphatha ekhayeni nakumashishini.
Imigaqo-nkqubo ezama ukubuyekeza abaxhatshazwayo - Lo ngumgaqo-nkqubo wokuthenga iimveliso neenkonzo ngendlela enceda netyisa izizwe nabantu abamalungelo ayesakusengelwa phantsi. Umzekelo, urhulumente unomgaqo-nkqubo wokukhetha abo babesakusengelwa phantsi ngokwamalungelo, iPreferential Procurement Policy ethathela ingqalelo isini nobuhlanga babantu abafaka izicelo zokubonelela urhulumente ngeenkonzo.
Imimiselo - Ezi ziimpepha ezineenkcukacha ezikhutshwe yipalamente nezichaza ukuba imithetho iza kuphunyezwa njani na. Umzekelo, umthetho iFrearms Control Act uthi kufuneka ufake isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuba nompu ukuze ube nakho ukuba ngumnini wompu. Imimiselo le idiza ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ungasenza njani na isicelo sephepha-mvume elo.
Imo Yoshishino - Ezi ziimeko zoqoqosho, zopolitiko, zoluntu, zenkcubeko nezamaziko ezithi zibe nefuthe kwishishini.
IMpahla Yoluntu - Lo ngumhlaba, izakhiwo, izithuthi okanye nayiphi na impahla yoMbuso.
Impatho-mbi - Impatho-mbi ingathetha nayiphi na indlela ebangela intlungu, kuquka nokuphathwa gadalala ngokwasenyameni (okufana nokubethwa), ukuphathwa gadalala ngokwesondo (okufana nokudlwengulwa) okanye ukungakhathalelwa, apho umntu obefanele ukunonophela angakwenziyo oko, umzekelo: uxanduva lokukhathalelwa komntwana ngumzali (apho umzali mhlawumbi angamondliyo umntwana wakhe).
IMpilo Yasemsebenzini - Apha kuthethwa ngempilo nokhuseleko kwindawo yokusebenzela.
IMpilo Yomlomo - Oku kukugcina umlomo, iintsini namazinyo akho ekwimeko entle ukunqanda ukubola kwamazinyo kwanezifo zeentsini.
iMpuma Kapa - Eli lelinye lamaphondo alithoba oMzantsi Afrika, futhi likunxweme olukwimpuma.
Imveliso Eveliswe Kwilizwe Lelo Lizwe. - Lo ngumlinganiselo wayo yonke imveliso eveliswe kwelo lizwe ngonyaka, ingeniso kwanenkcitho kuqoqosho lwelo lizwe.
IMveliso Yesizwe Yonyaka - Lo ngumlinganiselo wonyaka wayo yonke imveliso neenkonzo eziveliswe kweli lizwe kwanengeniso efunyenwe kutyalo-mali kumanye amazwe.
INational Assembly - Eli lisebe likarhulumente elijongene nokuwiswa kwemithetho. Inamalungu epalamente onyuliweyo angamakhulu amane nanoxanduva lokwenza nokutshintsha imithetho yeli lizwe.
INational Prosecuting Authority - Eli liqumrhu elimiselwe ngurhulumente elinoxanduva lokulawula ze libe liliso kutshutshiso lweli lizwe.
INcwadana Yokundwendwela Elinye Ilizwe - Le yincwadana esesikweni ekhutshwa ngurhulumente eqinisekisa ukuba ungubani na wena kwanokuba uyinzalelwane yeliphi na ilizwe yaye ikuvumela ukuba utsibe imida yelizwe lakho undwendwele amanye amazwe.
Indaba - Le yindibano yokushukuxa imiba ebalulekileyo.
Indlela Yokushishina - Inkcazelo okanye umfanekiso obonisa ukuba umbutho usebenza njani, ukuba zisebenza njani iinkqubo zawo, nokuba amabakala ahlukeneyo alo mbutho asebenzisana njani na.
Indlela Yokwaba Impahla - Le yindlela esetyenziselwa ukwahlula impahla yesibini xa siqhawula umtshato waso. Yonke ingeniso nempahla efunyenwe ngexesha kusatshatiwe yahlulwa ngokulingana phakathi kwesi sibini xa siqhawulwa umtshato.
Indlela Yolawulo kuRhulumente - Le yinkqubo enzima yokuqhuba imicimbi karhulumente kusetyenziswa iindlela eziqingqiweyo nemigangatho emininzi yabasebenzi abenza imisebenzi nabanamandla awahlukeneyo okwenza izigqibo.
INdlela Yolawulo lukaMongameli - Le yindlela yolawulo lukarhulumente apho eyona ofisi yopolitiko inamandla iyekamongameli welizwe.
Ingingqi Esedolophini - Le yingingqi egcwaliswe ngabemi abangaphaya kwenaniebelimele ukuyima enezinga eliphezulu leenkonzo nezixhobo ezenza ubomi bube lula, ezifana nezesixeko.
Ingqina - Lo ngumntu onikezela ubungqina enkundleni ngento ayibonileyo okanye ayaziyo.
INgqungquthela Engamalungelo Omntwana yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo - I-UNCRC ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi, esi sivumelwano sezizwe ngezizwe sibeka elubala amalungelo angundoqo abantwana. Kude kube namhlanje nje, le ngqungquthela sele ityikitywe ngamazwe alikhulu elinamashumi alithoba nesibini (mabini kuphela amazwe angazange asityikitye esi sivumelwano).
INgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zendlela - Le yingxowa-mali ehlawula imbuyekezo kubantu abonzakele okanye ababulewe kwiingozi zezithuthi zendlela.
INgxowa-mali Yokhuseleko Kwintswela-ngqesho - Le yingxowa-mali karhulumente. Wonke umntu ophangelayo uhlawula enye imali njengegalelo kule ngxowa-mali. Ukuba umntu uthi aphelelwe ngumsebenzi, angathi afake ibango lembuyekezo ngenxa yokungaphangeli kwakhe kule ngxowa-mali.
Ingxowa-mali Yokusebenza Ngokukhuphisana - Le yinkxaso-mali yokwahlula iindleko enikezela ngoncedo-mali kubanini bemizi-mveliso nabamashishini abonelela ngeenkonzo ukuze kukhuthazwe ukhuphiswano kushishino lwaseMzantsi Afrika.
INgxowa-mali Yoncedo-mali Yezizwe Ngezizwe (i-IMF) - Eli liqumrhu leZizwe Ezimanyeneyo elinoxanduva lokuzinzisa amazinga onaniselwano amzwe ngamazwe. Libonelela ngemali-mboleko kumazwe angamalungu eZizwe Ezimanyeneyo.
INkampani Ebonelela Ngeenkonzo ze-internet - Le yinkampani evunyelweyo ukuba yenze oku ebonelela ngeenkonzo zokuhlanganisa abantu okanye amashishini nge-internet.
Inkedama - Lo ngumntwana obazali bakhe bobabini bangasekhoyo.
INkonzo kaRhulumente Yonxibelelwano Nolwazi - Eli liqumrhu likarhulumente elinoxanduva lokujongana nonxibelelwano phakathi kwamasebe karhulumente kwanokubonelela urhulumente kunye noluntu ngolwazi. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe tyelela iwebsite yeGCIS.
INkqubo yePalamente - Olu luhlobo lolawulo lukarhulumente apho abameli abonyuliweyo, ngokusebenzisa ipalamente, bathi benze ezona zigqibo zibalulekileyo, ezifana nokuwiswa kwemithetho emitsha.
Inkqubo Yokubeka Abantu Ngaphambili - "Abantu Kuqala", le yimigaqo esibhozo karhulumente yokunikezelwa kweenkonzo, eyile: ukuthetha-thethana noluntu, imigangatho yeenkonzo, ukufikeleleka, imbeko, ulwazi, ukuvuleleka nokulawula ngendlela ebonakalayo, ukulungisa umonakalo odalwe yinkqubo yobandlululo kwanokubonakaliswa kwexabiso lemali.
Inkqubo Yokufaka Abantu Abamnyama Kwizithuba Zengqesho - Lo ke ngumgaqo-nkqubo wokulungisa ukungalingani okwadalwa yinkqubo yobandlululo yangaphambili. Umzekelo, ukuqesha abantu abasuka kwiindawo ebezikade zihlelelekile yaye zisengelwe phantsi ngokwamalungelo ngeenjongo zokuzama ukudala imbumba yabasebenzi emele nengqina amanani abemi beli.
INkqubo Yokupheliswa Kwentlupheko - Ezi zizicwangciso zikarhulumente zokunciphisa intlupheko. Ziquka iinkxaso-mali kwanamaphulo okuvelisa amathuba engqesho.
Inkqubo Yokuvuselela iAfrika - "Ukuzalwa ngokutsha kwe-Afrika": oku kubhekisa kwiintshukumo zokuphuhliswa kobutyebi be-Afrika ukuze kwakhiwe uqoqosho lwamazwe ase-Afrika futhi kuphuculwe nomgangatho wobomi bama-Afrika ngokubanzi.
INkqubo Yophuhliso yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo - I-UNDP ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi, eli liqumrhu leZizwe Ezimanyeneyo elinoxanduva lokujongana namanyathelo ophuhliso kwizizwe ngezizwe.
INkundla Ephakamileyo - Ezi ziinkundla ezimamela amatyala amakhulu afana nokudlwengula nokubulala kwanamatyala abandakanya ngaphezu kwe-R100 000. INkundla Ephakamileyo ikwamamela izibheno zamatyala asuka kwiinkundla zoomantyi.
INkundla Ephakamileyo Yezibheno - Le nkundla yeyona inkulu kwimiba engawuchaphazeliyo uMgaqo-siseko. Le Le nkundla ichophela izibheno zamatyala asele efumene izigwebo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo.
INkundla Yabantwana - Le yinkundla ekhethekileyo ethabatha izigqibo ngamatyala abandakanya abantwana.
INkundla Yamabango Amancinci - Le yinkundla eneenkqubo ezikhawulezileyo, ezingadli kakhulu empokothweni nezilula enokujongana namatyala abemi belizwe (oko ke kukuthi angengawo awolwaphulo-mthetho) abandakanya imali eziya kuma kumawaka asixhenxe eerandi.
INkundla Yemicimbi Yabasebenzi - Le yinkundla echophela iimbambano zemicimbi yabasebenzi.
INkundla Yenkxaso-mali Yesondlo - Le yinkundla yabucala ejongana nemiba yenkxaso-mali yesondlo, efana nokukhutshwa komyalelo wesondlo nokohlwaywa komntu ongamelaniyo nokuhlawula inkxaso-mali yesondlo.
INkundla yoMgaqo-siseko - Le yeyona nkundla iphezulu ngamagunya kweli lizwe. Inento yokwenza namatyala abandakanya imiba yomgaqo-siseko kuphela. La matyala aquka amatyala apho amalungelo oluntu atyeshelwa khona kwanamatyala abandakanya amagunya nemisebenzi karhulumente.
INkxaso-mali - Le yintlawulo ephuma nyanga zonke isuka kurhulumente inikwa umntu ohluphekileyo, njengenkxaso-mali engumhlala-phantsi. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkxaso-mali ezinikwa abantu abanezidingo ezahlukeneyo.
INkxaso-mali Yamagqala Emfazwe - Le yinkxaso-mali yabantu abadala okanye abakhubazekileyo baseMzantsi Afrika abathabatha inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Yesibini Yehlabathi okanye kwiMfazwe yaseKorea.
INkxaso-mali Yesondlo - Le yimali ehlawulwa ngumntu eyihlawulela ukuxhasa omnye ngesondlo nangeemfuno zobomi ngokubanzi. Umzekelo, utata othile uhlawula unina wabantwana bakhe ukuba unina lowo nguye ojongene nabantwana abo.
INkxaso-mali Yesondlo Sabantwana - Le nkxaso-mali ili-R160 ngenyanga ivuleleke kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka elithoba ubudala. Le nkxaso-mali kungoku nje ikwinkqubo yokwandiselwa ukuba ifunyanwe nangabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesine ubudala.
INkxaso-mali Yobudala - Olu luncedo-mali oluphuma kurhulumente lunikwa abantu abadala abahluphekayo. Luvuleleke kumadoda angaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu anesihlanu eminyaka ubudala kunye namakhosikazi angaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu eminyaka ubudala futhi abo bantu kufuneka kwenziwe kubo uvavanyo lwemeans test ukuze kujongwe ukuba basakungele na ukuyifumana le mali..
INkxaso-mali Yomntu Oxhomekeke Kunonophelo - Le yinkxaso-mali ephuma ngenyanga eli-R150 ngenyanga nganye enikwa abantu abadinga unonophelo.
INkxaso-mali Yomntwana Oselugcinweni Lomnye Umzali Okwexeshana - Le nkxaso-mali ivuleleke nakubani na ogcine umntwana njengomzali wakhe okwexeshana.
Inkxaso-mali Yomntwana Oxhomekeke Kunonophelo - Le nkxaso-mali yama-R570 ngenyanga ivuleleke kumzali wemvelo okanye umzali ogciniswe okwexeshana umntwana okhubazeke kakhulu ngokwasengqondweni okanye ngokwasenyameni.
Inqanaba Lomvuzo - Izithuba zemisebenzi yaseburhulumenteni ziyaphicothwa ze zinikwe nenqanaba lomvuzo (elikwabizwa ngokuba sisikhundla). Imivuzo kwinqanaba ngalinye ishukuxwa liBhunga Elimele Iimfuno Zabasebenzi Baseburhulumenteni.
Intengiso Kumazwe Angaphandle - Ezi ziintengiso zoshishino namanye amazwe.
Intlangano ye-MINMEC - Ezi ziintlangano phakathi koMphathiswa wesizwe nabaphathiswa abalithoba bamaphondo abajongene kwanelo sebe linye. Umzekelo, xa bonke abaphathiswa bamaphondo kwezeMpilo behlangana noMphathiswa wesizwe wezeMpilo.
Intlawulo Yeenkonzo Zezithili - Le yintlawulo amashishini nabaqashi ekufuneka beyihlawule kumabhunga oorhulumente bamakhaya okanye ezithili abashishina kuzo.
Intsebenziswano Phakathi Kukarhulumente Noshishino Lwabucala - Apha kulapho inkampani yabucala ingena kwizivumelwano ezibophelelayo necandelo likarhulumente ukuze ibonelele ngaloo nkonzo karhulumente okanye iphumeze loo msebenzi wolawulo. Elo candelo likarhulumente lidlala indima ephambili kule ntsebenziswano.
INtsholongwane kaGawulayo/uGawulayo - INtsholongwane kaGawulayo ihlasela amajoni omzimba. Yenza ukuba abantu babe semngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa zezinye izifo ezifana nesifo sephepha okanye isifo semiphunga. Xa amajoni omzimba womntu onentsholongwane kaGawulayo ephelelwe ngamandla kangangokuba ade agule, kuthiwa loo mntu unoGawulayo.
iNtshona Kapa - Eli lelinye lamaphondo alithoba oMzantsi Afrika. Eli phondo liquka icala elikuMazantsi nelikwiNtshona yeli lizwe.
INtsika - Eli liqumrhu likarhulumente elinoxanduva lokunceda amashishini asakhulayo ngoqeqesho nangeenkonzo zenkxaso. Ukuze ufumanise okunye ngeenkonzo zeli qumrhu, tyelela iwebsite yeNtsika.
Inzalelwane - Le yinto okanye umntu okhulele okanye ongowemvelo kwinginqi ethile. Into mhlawumbi eveliswe, ehlala okanye ekhula ngokwendalo kuloo mmandla kuphela.
Inzululwazi Yolawulo Lomhlaba Nokuveliswa Kwezityalo - Le ke yinzululwazi yolawulo lomhlaba nokuveliswa kwezityalo.
IPhepha Lengcaciso yoMgaqo-nkqubo - Eli liphepha lomgaqo-nkqubo elilungiselelwe ingcaciso lelinye lamasebe karhulumente.
IPhepha-mvume Lokufunda - Eli liphetshana elisesikweni elikhutshwa liSebe leMicimbi Yekhaya kumntu ofuna ukufunda apha eMzantsi Afrika. Akukho mthethweni ukufunda apha ungummi welinye ilizwe ngaphandle kweli phepha-mvume.
IPhepha-mvume Lokuphangela - Eli liphetshana elikhutshwa liSebe leMicimbi Yekhaya kubemi bamanye amazwe abanqwenela ukuza kuphangela apha eMzantsi Afrika. Akukho mthethweni ukuphangela kweli lizwe kwabemi bamanye amazwe ngaphandle kweli phepha-mvume.
IPhepha-mvume Lokushishina - Iphepha-mvume elidingekayo ukuze umntu aqhube ishishini elisemthethweni. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zamaphepha-mvume.
IPhepha-mvume Lokuthengisa Utywala - Eli liphepha-mvume elivumela ishishini ukuba lithengise utywala ngokusemthethweni.
IPhetshana Elinyanzelisa Ukuba Kuvelwe Enkundleni - Eli liphetshana elichazela umntu othile ukuba kufuneka evele enkundleni yamatyala ngosuku oluthile ukuze kuchotshelwe ityala atyholwa ngalo.
IPhetshana Elinyanzelisa Ukwenziwa Komsebenzi Othile - Eli liphetshana elisemthethweni elichazela umntu othile ukuba imali ethile kufuneka ibe sele ihlawulwe ngosuku oluthile okanye kungenjalo loo mba uya kuya kumanyelwa enkundleni.
IPhetshana Lokuvota - Eli liphetshana elisetyenziswa kulonyulo, lidwelisa kuluhlu bonke abo okanye loo maqela opolitiko angenela olo lonyulo. Umvoti ngamnye uvotela lowo okanye elo qela alithandayo kwelo phetshana, phetshana elo lithi emva koko lifakwe kwibhokisi ecikiweyo.
IPhulo Leentshukumo Zonyango - I-TAC ngamafutshane. Lo ngumbutho osebenzela ukuba urhulumente anikezela ngamachiza onyango kubo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika abahlaselwe yintsholongwane kaGawulayo.
IPilisi Yocwangciso-ntsapho Olungxamisekileyo - Ikwabizwa njengepilisi yasemva kobusuku bomcimbi, le pilisi yocwangciso-ntsapho ingasetyenziswa kwiiyure nje ezingama-72 emva kokwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kwezikhuselo ukunqanda ukukhulelwa.
IQela Lezopolitiko Eliphikisa Ngokusesikweni - Lo ngumbutho wezopolitiko onezona zihlalo zininzi emva kweqela elilawulayo epalamente. I-DA liqela eliphikisa ngokusesikweni kurhulumente wesizwe.
IQumrhu elingumvuka Womthetho - Eli liqumrhu loluntu elidalwe elingumvuka wemigaqo nemiqathango yomthetho othile. Umzekelo, iKomishoni Engokulingana Ngokobuni nayo ingumvuka woMgaqo-siseko.
IQumrhu Elizimeleyo Losasazo (i-IBA) - Eli liqumrhu elingumvuka womthetho nelinoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba umxholo kamabonwa-kude nokanomathotholo ufumaneka kuzo zonke iilwimi kwaneenkcubeko zoMzantsi Afrika futhi unikezela ngolonwabo, imfundo kwanolwazi. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, tyelela iwebsite ye-IBA.
Iqumrhu leBhodi Elawula Isikolo - Aba ngootitshala, abazali nabafundi abatyunjelwe ukwenza imigaqo-nkqubo yesikolo sabo ze balawule nemiba yeso sikolo efana nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwanendlela yokuziphatha.
IQumrhu Lentlalo-ntle - Iqumrhu lentlalo-ntle ngumbutho ongekho phantsi kukarhulumente onikwe uxanduva namagunya athile ekujonganeni nentlalo-ntle yoluntu.
IQumrhu Loluntu - Eli liziko elisebenza ngaphandle kukarhulumente wesizwe, owephondo nowedolophu futhi apho uMbuso uneenjongo ngokwezimali.
IRhafu - Le yimali ehlawulwa kurhulumente ukuba aqhubeke ngolawulo ze aphucule iindlela nezakhiwo zikawonke-wonke, ezifana nezibhedlele. Kukho iindlela ezininzi nezahlukeneyo zeerhafu kuquka neVAT, irhafu yengeniso kwakunye nerhafu yeengeniso zobutyebi noshishino.
IRhafu Yengeniso - Le yirhafu oyihlawula nakweyiphi na ingeniso onayo, efana nomvuzo.
Isantya Sokchuma - Eli linani labantwana umama ngamnye anokuba nalo ebomini bakhe. Ngonyaka ka-1998, isantya sokuchuma eMzantsi Afrika sasingabantwana aba-2.9 kumama ngamnye.
ISebe lezeMfundo leNtshona Koloni - Eli lisebe lephondo elinoxanduva lokujongana nemicimbi yemfundo eNtshona Koloni.
ISebe Lolawulo - Eli liSebe lolawulo lukarhulumente elinoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa nokusebenza kwemithetho nemigaqo-nkqubo. Umzekelo, uMphathiswa wezeMpilo lilungu leBhunga Lolawulo futhi yena kunye nesebe lakhe bayingxenye yesebe Lolawulo lukarhulumente.
Ishishini Lentsebenziswano - Eli lishishini eliqhutywa ngamalungu alo futhi liqhutywa ngendlela yentando yesininzi nentsebenziswano. Umzekelo, eMzantsi Afrika, amanqanaba amathathu karhulumente (elesizwe, awamaphondo naweedolophu) asebenzisana ngendlela ekwaxhasanayo.
Isibambiso - Le yimali ehlawulwa ngumntu obekwe ityala ukuze avunyelwe ukuba abe ngaphandle kwamasango ezisele ngelixa esalinde ukuxoxwa kwelo tyala.
Isibheno - Oku kukucela umngeni kwiqumrhu eliphezulu ngesigqibo senkundla okanye salo naliphi na iqumrhu elinamagunya okuthabatha izigqibo.
Isicwangciso-qhinga - Esi sisicwangciso esisetyenziselwa ukuzuza iinjongo zomntu othile.
Isicwangciso-qhinga okanye isicwangciso soshishino - Olu luxwebhu lwesicwangciso esithi thaca iimbono, iinjongo, izicwangciso-maqhinga kwaneentshukumo ezisaphakanyiswayo zalo mbutho.
ISifo iDowns - Esi sisifo esibangelwa kukungami ngendlela komthambo olawula isimo somntu ze sona sibangele ukungaphili kakuhle kancinci okanye phakathi nje ngokwasengqondweni. Abantu abanesi sifo basoloko bebafutshane ze babe nobuso obumcambalala.
Isifo Semiphunga - Ukutshisa okoqhubekekayo emiphungeni okubangela ubunzima ekuphefumleni, kutshisa oko kubangelwa kukumelani neentlobo ezithile zokutya.
Isifo Seswekile - Esi sisifo esihlasela zonke iintshukumo zamachiza ezenzeka emzimbeni womntu nezinokubangela ukuchama ngokugqithisileyo kwanokunxanwa okungaphele ndawo.
Isifo Somhlaza - Izinto ezikhula ngokungaqhelekanga ezibangelwa kukwahluleka okungalawulwayo kwemithambo.
Isifo Somlomo - Esi sisifo somlomo esibangela izilonda ezivulekileyo okanye umonakalo emlonyeni.
Isigulane Sangaphandle - Lo ngumntu onyangwa esibhedlele kodwa ongalaliswayo.
Isigulo Esingapheliyo - Esi sisifo esihlala ixesha elide futhi asinakunyangwa okanye sinqandwe ekuphindeni sibuye.
Isigunyaziso Senkundla - Le yincwadana esemthethweni enika amapolisa igunya lokubamba avalele umntu othile okanye agubhulule impahla yomntu othile. Usenokusifumana nesigunyaziso sokuthimba impahla yomntu othile.
Isigwebo - Esi sisigqibo esisemthethweni ekufikelelwe kuso yijaji okanye umantyi.
ISikhululo Sovoto - Le yindawo esesikweni kwingingqi yakho ebekelwe ukuba uye kuvota kuyo.
Isiqendu - Intetho okanye umba omnye kuMthetho Osayilwayo. Xa umthetho sele uwisiwe, ezi ziqendu zibizwa njengamacandelo.
Isiqinisekiso Esifungelweyo - Le ke yintetho efungelweyo etyikitywe phambi koMkomishinala Wezifungo. Sisenokusetyenziswa njengobungqina enkundleni.
Isiqinisekiso Sokufa - Ukukhutshwa kwesiqinisekiso ngugqirha xa umntu ethe wasutywa kukufa sichaza ukuba umntu ubulewe ziimeko zendalo okanye mhlawumbi ubulewe nje zezinye izinto.
Isiqinisekiso Sokuphumelela IBanga Leshumi - Esi siqinisekiso sasisakubizwa njengeSiqinisekiso sokuphumelela iMatriki, futhi sifunyanwa emva kokuba umfundi egqibe ngempumelelo iBanga Leshumi.
Isiqinisekiso Sokuzalwa - Isiqinisekiso esinikezelwa liSebe Lezangaphakathi xa usana olusanda kuzalwa lungeniswa kuluhlu lwabemi beli.
Isiqinisekiso Sokuzimasa - Iimpepha ezisesikweni ezichaza ukuba umntu othile uzizimasile izifundo okanye isiganeko esithile.
Isithili Sokuphuculwa Kwesixeko - Le yimibutho engajonge ngeniso esebenzisa imali eyifumana kwiintlawulo zezibonelelo ezinyuswe luluntu kwingingqi ethile ukuze kuphuculwe iinkonzo kuloo ngingqi.
Isithintelo - Esi sisithintelo senkundla esivalela umntu othile ukuba enze intshukumo ethile okanye anyanzelise umntu othile ukuba enze into ethile.
Isithintelo Soshicilelo - Esi sisithintelo ekukhutshweni koshicilelo okanye ulwazi oluthile ngexesha elithile. Umzekelo, intatheli ayinakubhala nto inento yokwenza neeendaba ezivaliweyo ukuba zishicilelwe de sibe kanti eso sithintelo sisusiwe.
Isivumelwano Esingaphambi Komtshato - Esi sisivumelwano esibophelelayo ekungenwa kuso phambi kokuba kutshatwe. Esi sivumelwano sithi thaca okuya kwenzeka kwimpahla neemali zesibini esiza kutshata xa eso sibini sinokuthi siwuqhawule umtshato waso.
Isivumelwano Sentengiso Ngamalungelo Emveliso Yengqondo - Esi sisivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe esathiwa thaca ngonyaka ka-1994 ukukhusela imveliso yengqondo phakathi kwamazwe lawo avumelanayo. Esi sivumelwano sikhusela ukuphinda kuveliswe imveliso yengqondo, ukunqanda oko kuveliswa, iimpawu zoshishino, iimfihlelo zeshishini, imiyilo yezamashishini, impahla yeengingqi, kwakunye nezakhiwo zoshishino ezihlanganyelweyo.
Isondlo - Esi sisondlo esifumaneka ekutyeni okudingwa ngumzimba wakho ukuze uhlale usempilweni.
Ithenda - Oku kukuzinikela ekwenzeni umsebenzi othile okanye ukubonelela ngemveliso ethile okanye inkonzo ethile ngexabiso elithile.
ITirisano - Esi sisicwangciso-qhinga sezemfundo seli lizwe. ITirisano ithetha ukusebenzisana.
IValue Added Tax (iVAT ngamafutshane) - Le yirhafu efakwa ekuvelisweni nasekusasazweni kwemveliso neenkonzo. EMzantsi Afrika i14% lifakwa kwixabiso laloo mveliso okanye laloo nkonzo xa iveliswa okanye isasazwa.
IVisa - Le yincwadana esemthethweni ekuvumela ukuba ungene kwimida yelinye ilizwe. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevisa ezikuvumela ukuba uhlale kweli lizwe amaxesha ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ivisa yokufunda iya kukuvumela ukuba uhlale ixesha elide kunelo ulivunyelwa yivisa yokuchitha ikhefu.
Iyantlukwano Neentlobo Zezidalwa Eziphilayo - Inani neentlobo zezidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni kwaneendawo futhi neemeko eziphila phantsi kwazo. Ezona mpawu zokwahlukana kwendalo zintathu futhi zezi: ukwahlukana ngokumila, ukwahlukana ngokweentlobo zezidalwa kwanokwahlukana kweendawo ekuphilwa kuzo zezi zidalwa.
Izibonelelo - La ngamacandelo kumqulwana womthetho ongemixholo ethile. Umzekelo, sisibonelelo somthetho iBCEA ukuba abaqeshwa kufuneka bafumane isiqinisekiso sesixa somvuzo wabo kumqeshi wabo.
Izibonelelo Zentengiso - Ezi zizibonelelo eziphuma kurhulumente, ngokwesiqhelo ke ngokuthi umntu okanye ishishini elo lingafumani kuhlawula zirhafu, ukukhuthaza intengiso.
Izibonelelo Zoluntu (iHR) - Ulawulo lwezibonelelo zoluntu okanye uLawulo Lwabasebenzi lubandakanya ukulawulwa kwabaqeshwa. Luquka ukuqesha, ukuqeqesha kwanokuphuhliswa kwezakhono.
Izidalwa Ezisuka Kwezinye Iindawo - Ezi zizilwanyana nezityalo "ezingene ngetshova" ze zangathi zezezo ndawo zingaqhelanga kubakho kuzo. Zinganeempembelelo ezingancumisiyo kwezinye izityalo nezilwanyana nakwindalo engqongileyo. Umzekelo, iPort Jackson sisityalo esaziswa apha sisuka e-Australia. Itya amanzi amaninzi ze ezalapha izityalo zife ngenxa yokuba zingawafumani.
Izidalwa Zemvelo - Olu luhlobo lwezilwanyana okanye lwezityalo ezifumaneka ngokwendalo kwingingqi ethile.
Izidanga ze-NQF - Esi sisidanga esamkelwa kulo lonke eli lizwe nelimelana nemigangatho kwaneemfuno ezimiselwe yiSAQA.
Izifo Ezisoloko Zizungula Amachele - Ezi zizifo abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo abathi bahlaselwe zizo ngokulula ngenxa yokuba amajoni emizimba yabo ehluthelwe amandla okulwa yile ntsholongwane. Ezi zifo zisoloko zizungula amathuba emizimbeni yabantu abanale ntsholongwane ziquka isifo sephepha kunye nesifo esihlasela imiphunga.
Izifundiswa Kwezempilo - Aba ngabantu abafunde baqeqeshelwa ukunonophela abagulayo, abafana nabongikazi, oogqirha, oogqirha bengqondo kwakunye nezinye izifundiswa neengcali zempilo.
Izifundo Ngenzululwazi Ngefuthe Lamachiza Kwinzululwazi - Ezi zizifundo ngamachiza kwaneentshukumo zamachiza ezenzeka kwizinto eziphilayo.
Izifundo Ngobuchule Bephulo - Olu luphando ngobuchule bokuba ngaba iphulo okanye ishishini elithile elisayilwayo, phantsi kweemeko ezithile esele zibonakala, lingaphumelela na.
Izifundo Ngoqoqosho Lwesizwe - Ezi zizifundo zomfanekiso opheleleyo woqoqosho lwesizwe.
Izifundo ze-Epidemiology - Olo luphando ngezifo ezichaphazela abantu abaninzi.
Izigulo Zasemsebenzini - Ezi zizigulo ezibangelwe ngamachiza okanye ziimeko umsebenzi othile ebephantsi kwazo ngexesha esebenza kwindawo leyo yokusebenzela.
IZiko Lokufundla Abantu Abadala - Esi sisixhobo sokufunda apho izifundo zeMfundo Engundoqo Yabantu Abadala (i-ABET) zenzelwa khona.
IZiko Lolawulo Nophuhliso Lwezemfundo - Ezi zizixhobo zolulawulo lwesithili ezibonelela ngenkxaso noncedo kwizikolo kwanamanye amaziko emfundo aphantsi kweliso kwazo.
Izinga Lentswela-ngqesho - Eli linani ngokweepesenti labantu abanakho ukuphangela futhi abafunayo ukuphangela kodwa bengafumani mathuba emisebenzi. Ngonyaka ka-2001, ubalo lwabantu abangaphangeliyo apha eMzantsi Afrika lwalusithi ama-41.6 eepesenti zabantu abaphangeli.
Izinga Lokufa - Eli linani labantu abathi basutywe kukufa ngonyaka, eliqhele ukuvezwa ngokwewaka labemi belizwe bebonke.
Izinga Lokukhula Kwabemi Belizwe - Inani lokukhula kwabemi beli lizwe ngokweepesenti ngonyaka.
Izinga Lokusweleka Kweentsana - Eli linani leentsana ezingaphantsi konyaka ubudala ezithe zasutywa kukufa kunyaka othile. Umzekelo, isinye kwiwaka sithetha ukuba usana ngalunye kweziliwaka ebeziphila lusutywe kukufa. Ngonyaka ka-1998 izinga lokusweleka kweentsana eMzantsi Afrika lalingama-45 kwiwaka, oko ke kuthethe ukuba abantwana abangama-45 kwiwaka ngalinye basutywa kukufa ngonyaka ngaphambi kokugquba unyaka bezelwe.
Izinto Zakudala Ezinqabileyo - Ezi zizinto eziveliswe nezenziwe ngababntu ukuba zinike umdla weenkcukacha zembali.
Iziqinisekiso zeCesina Emthubi - Eli liphepha elisesikweni olinikwa emva kokuba ufumene ukugonyelwa icesina emthubi. Eli phepha lichaza ukuba ubukhe wafumana ukugonyelwa le cesina futhi wafumana namachiza okuyinqanda ukuba ingakuhlaseli kwezi nyanga zintandathu zidlulileyo.
Izivumelwano Zentengiselwano - Ezi zizivumelwano phakathi kwamazwe akhuthaza enze imimiselo ngentengiso yemveliso kwaneenkonzo phakathi kwazo.
Izixhobo Zokuncedisa - Ezi zizinto ezisetyenziswa ngabantu ezibanceda bakwazi ukumelana nokukhubazeka ngokwasenyamen umzekelo: izitulo ezihambayo zeziqhwala okanye izixhobo zokuva kwabo bangevayo.
Izixhobo Zokunkcenkceshela - Ezi zizixhobo zemibhobho, imijelo, imifula, nezifefo eziziza amanzi kwiindawo ezithile zomhlaba. Ezi zixhobo zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwezolimo ukwenzela kube lula ukunkcenckceshela izivuno.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.glossary.U.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ubalo Lwabantu - Ezi zizifundo ezisesikweni ngamanani abemi beli lizwe, nto leyo yenziwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Ubalo lonyaka ka-2000 lwabonisa ukuba kukho malunga nama-44.8 ezigidi zabantu eMzantsi Afrika.
Ubudlelwane Bamazwe Ngamazwe - Ukusebenzisana nokuthetha-thethana namanye amazwe. Oku ke kuyazichaphazela iintengiso phakathi kwamazwe ngamazwe kwanobudlelwane bezopolitiko.
Ubugcisa Bendalo - Ukusetyenziselwa ushishino kobugcisa kwizidalwa eziphilayo okanye iimveliso zazo okanye iinkqubo zokudala izixhobo, imveliso neenkonzo ezintsha.
Ubugcisa Bolwazi Nonxibelelwano (i-ICT) - Obu bubugcisa, iimveliso neenkonzo ezibandakanyekayo ekwenziweni kwemiboniso, ekulungisweni, ekugcinweni nasekuguqulweni kolwazi olufumaneka kwikhompyutha.
Ubukhoboka - Eli ligunya elisemthethweni elikuvumela ukuba usebenzise umhlaba womnye umntu ngaphandle kokuhlawula irente. Umzekelo, ungalifumana igunya emthethweni elikuvumela ukuba ukhe amanzi kwidama okanye elikumhlaba womnye umntu.
Ubundlobongela Basekhaya - Naluphi na uhlobo lobundlobongela okanye lwempatho-mbi kubudlelwane basekhaya, kuquka nokuphathwa gadalala ngokwasenyameni, ngokwesondo, ngokuhlutshwa emphefumlweni, ngokungxolelwa nangeentetho ezingamkelekiyo, ngokuhlutshwa kwengqondo nangokuphathwa gadalala ngokoqoqosho.
Ubungakanani Babemi Besizwe - ukwahlulwa kwesizwe sibalwe ngokweminyaka yobudala bomntu, isini, ubuhlanga, ingeniso nokunye.
Ubuqhetseba - Oku kukuxokiselwa okanye ukulahlekiswa komntu othile okumenza loo mntu aphulukane nokukokwakhe, ingakumbi izibonelelo zemali.
Ucalu-calulo Ngokobuhlanga - "ukwahlukana", umgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente wombutho iNational Party eMzantsi Afrika ukusukela ngonyaka ka-1948 ukuya ngo-1994. URhulumente wazama ukugcina abemi boMzantsi Afrika beziintlanga ezahlukene ngokobuhlanga ngokunyanzelisa ukuba bahlale kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo, bafunde kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo, njalo-njalo. Abantu abamhlophe babethatyathwa njengolona hlanga lubalulekileyo.
UCeba - Lo ngummeli owonyuliweyo kwinqanaba likarhulumente wedolophu olilungu lebhunga likamaspala okanye lesixeko.
Ucwangciso Kusetyenziswa Iqhinga - Le yinkqubo yesicwangciso equka ukutyunjwa kweenjongo zombutho (iimbono, amaphupha neenjongo zayo), ukuba ungazizuza njani ezo njongo (izicwangciso zeentshukumo) nokuba uza kuzifumanisa njani iimpumelelo zawo.
Udendo - Oku kukupheliswa kwesivumelwano sokusebenza kwabaqeshwa ukuze kuphungulwe iindleko zokuqhuba ishishini okanye umbutho. Abaqeshwa ke ngokwesiqhelo badla ngokufumana imbuyekezo yezimali.
UGqirha Wesithili - Lo ngugqirha wombuso ohlanganisa ubungqina bamatyala enkundla ze anyange nabantu abagcinwe kumaziko ombuso. UGqirha Wesithili lo uya kuhlola abo badlwenguliweyo ze anyange namabanjwa.
Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali - Le yingqikelelo okanye ukuqashela okuqeqeshelweyo ngengeniso nenkcitho yelizwe, umbutho okanye umsebenzi othile. Enye yeendlela amaqumrhu karhulumente ekufuneka enikezele ngazo ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kwezimali lolu hlalo lwabiwo-mali.
Ukhuseleko Lokutya - Oku kukufumana indlela eya kwizibonelelo zokutya ezizizo nezinokukugcina.
Ukhuseleko Lwengqina - La ngamanyathelo athatyathwayo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntu ekulindeleke ukuba aye kunikezela ubungqina enkundleni nowoyikisela ukuba mhlawumbi ngenxa yoko angonzakaliswa.
Ukubhanga - Kukuphelelwa yimali. Apha kuxa umntu engenakho ukumelana nokuhlawula amatyala akhe nditsho naxa sele ethengise yonke impahla yakhe.
Ukubolekisa Ngeemali Ezincinci - Olu lushishino lokuboleka abantu iimali ezincinci, ngokwesiqhelo ke ngamazinga aphezulu enzala.
Ukubuyisela Kwimo Yesiqhelo - Le yinkqubo yokubuyisela umntu kwimpilo eyiyo ngokuthi anikwe unyango.
Ukudluliselwa Komntwana Kubanye Abazali - Ukudluliselwa komntwana kubanye abazali njengomntwana wabo omtsha yindlela yokuphelisa ubudlelwane obusemthethweni phakathi kwaloo mntwana nabazali bakhe bemvelo. Oku kudluliselwa kudala ubudlelwane obutsha obungqinwa nangumthetho phakathi komntwana nabazali bakhe abatsha.
Ukudluliselwa Kweenkonzo Zikarhulumente Kumashishini Abucala - Apho iinkonzo zoluntu, ezifana nokubonelelwa ngombane, zithengiselwa iinkampani zabucala.
Ukufakwa Kophawu - Olu luphawu olutshiselwa kwisikhumba sesilwanyana ukubonisa ukuba sesomfama othile. Ukwenziwa kwale nkangeleko yokwahlula eso silwanyana kwezinye kwenzelwa ukucacisa ukuba sayamene nayiphi na imveliso, inkonzo okanye umbutho.
Ukufikeleleka Kumntu Wonke - Ukufikeleleka kwe-internet kumntu wonke, kuquka nabantu ababesakuhleleleka ngaphambili kwakunye nabo bakhubazekileyo.
Ukufudukela Kwelinye Ilizwe - Oku kukufudukela kwelinye ilizwe ngeenjongo zokuba ngummi walo isigxina.
Ukufukamisa - Oku kukugcinwa kweentsana ezisanda kuzalwa (ingakumbi ezizelwe phambi kwexesha), kwiindawo eziphantsi kweliso elibanzi lolawulo, apho iqondo lobushushu, elokufuma, kwanelo lomoya wokuphefumla linokugcinwa kwawona maqondo angcono ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana lowo ukhula ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ukugcinwa Komntwana - Ukufumana umntwana uhlale naye ze uvunyelwe nokuba umkhulise ze umqeqeshe.
Ukugcinwa Kukhuliswe Umntwana Okwexeshana - Oku ke kukugcinwa nokukhuliswa kwabantwana abangenazintsapho okanye abangakwazi kuhlala neentsapho zabo. La ke ayiqhelanga kuba ngamalungiselelo asisigxina njengoko umntwana lo egcinwa ixesha eliyimnyaka emibini.
Ukugcwaliswa Komhlaba - Oku kukuphuhliswaq komhlaba kwiingingqi ezingenabantu baninzi kwisixeko ukuze kungene nabanye abantu bakwazi ukungena. Oku kunika abantu ithuba lokufumana indawo yokuhlala kwingingqi esele ifumana iinkonzo (umbane, amanzi, ezozceko).
Ukugcwaliswa Kweedolophu - Apha kuxa abantu beshiya iindawo ezisemaphandleni ukuya kwiingingqi ezisezidolophini. Umzekelo, xa abantu beshiya iifama besiya kuhlala ezixekweni ukuya kuzama kukhangela amathuba emisebenzi.
Ukugxothwa Ngendlela Engamkelekanga - Oku kukupheliswa kwengqesho ngendlela engekho mthethweni. Apho umqashi agxotha umqashwa ngaphandle kwesizathu esibambekayo okanye ngaphandle kokulandela iinkqubo ezimiselwe ngumthetho.
Ukugxothwa Ngokukhawuleza - Oku kukupheliswa komsebenzi ngaphandle kokwaziswa kwangexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ukuhlalisana - Kukuhlala kunye kwikhaya elinye.
Ukuhlasela Ngemibuzo - Le yindlela yenkundla apho omnye kwelo tyala akuhlaba imibuzo ngeentetho nobungqina bakho.
Ukuhlolwa Kokukhula Kwabantwana - Oku kukuhlolwa kwempilo yabantwana abancinci ukufumanisa ukuba bakhula ngendlela eqhelekileyo neyamkelekileyo na.
Ukuhlolwa Kwefuthe kwindalo Engqongileyo - Le yingxelo ngefuthe iphulo lophuhliso elisayilwayo eliya kuba nalo kwindalo engqongileyo.
Ukuhlupheka Komphefumlo - Oku kukuhlupheka komphefumlo okanye kwengqondo, okusoloko kukhokelela ekukhubekeni okanye ekonzakaleni okanye kumngcipheko wobundlobongela okanye wentlekele.
Ukukhubazeka Okwethutyana - Lo ngumonzakalo okanye ukonzakala okukuvalelayo ukuba wenze izinto ezithile kangangethuba elithile kodwa okunokuphila okanye kunyangwe ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukukhula Komntwana Oselula - Ukukhula komzimba, kwengqondo, kwengcinga, kwendlela yokuthetha noluntu kwanendlela yenkolo yomntwana oqala esizalweni ukuya kwiminyaka elithoba.
Ukukhutshwa Kwamachiza - Le yinkqubo yonyango ephantsi kweliso lomsebenzi wezempilo eyenzelwe ukukhutshwa kwamachiza anxilisayo emzimbeni (afana neziyobisi notywala).
Ukukhutshwa Kwamazinyo - Oku kukukhutshwa kwamazinyo ngugqirha.
Ukulawula Inguqu - Le yinkqubo esetyenziselwa ukulawula indlela ekuqiniswekiswa ngayo ukuba inguqu iyenzeka futhi iyabonakala kurhulumente nakushishino.
Ukulima Nokufuya Ngeemveliso Zendalo - Oku kukulima okanye ukufuya apho kusetyenziswa kuphela izichumisi, izibulali-zinambuzane kwakunye nezakhi-mzimba zendalo. Iincindi zamadlala kwakunye namachiza okuhlanganisa awasetyenziswa tu.
Ukulungela Isikolo - Apha kuxa umntwana ethatyathwa njengolungele ukuqala esikolweni ngokomzimba nangokwasengqondweni.
Ukumelwa Ngokwenani Leevoti Zeqela Elithile - Le yindlela karhulumente apho inani lezihlalo ezifunyenwe liqela elithile lopolitiko epalamente lilingana nenani leevoti ezifunyenwe lelo qela kulonyulo. Le nkqubo yahlukile kwindlela apho umntu okanye iqela eliphumelele kwinginqi nganye lifumana isihlalo epalamente.
Ukumiselwa Kwemivuzo - Le yimimiselo echaza ukuba imivuzo ithini na kwicandelo elithile loshishino.
Ukuncedwa Ngezimali Ziindawo Ezahlukeneyo - Oku kukusebenzisa imali ephuma kwenye inkonzo okanye kwelinye iSebe ukuhlawula iindleko zenye inkonzo okanye elinye iSebe.
Ukungachumi - Oku kukungabi nakufumana bantwana.
Ukungafani Kwemithambo Yemfuzo - Oku kukungafani kwemithambo yemfuzo kwakwisidalwa esinye. Ukungafani kwale mithambo yemfuzo kuvumela eso sidalwa ukuba simelane nokutshintsha kweemeko.
Ukungakhathali - Oku kukungakwazi ukwenza into ngononophelo njengoko kufanele, hayi njengokuba umntu onengqondo ebenokwenza.
Ukungalingani Ngezibonelelo - Lo ngumsantsa phakathi kwamazwe nezizwe ezizingca ngokuba nobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa bonxibelelwano kwanezo zingenabo.
Ukungcakaza Ngendlela Enengqiqo - Oku kukubheja ngendlela ekunika isazela nekumgangatho wokucinga ngendlela ehlakaniphileyo ukuze ungarhurhi okanye uzifake kwiinzima zemali ngenxa yokungcakaza.
Ukungenelela - Le yinkqubo yokusombulula imbambano. Umntu wesithathu uye acelwe ukuba aze kuphula-phule amacala omabini ebali ze enze isigqibo.
Ukungenisa - Kukwenza imiboniso ngomlomo okanye ngokuyibhala phantsi kumba othile.
Ukungondleki - Le yindlela yokutya engalunganga apho umntu atya ukutya okungenazo ezinye izakhi-mzimba ezifunekayo ukuze kuphilwe.
Ukungquzulana Kweemfuno - Le yimeko apho iimfuno zakho njengomntu zikungquzulwano neemfuno zomsebenzi wakho. Umzekelo, apho umntu alilungu lekomiti yeethenda kodwa abe enezabelo kwinkampani efaka isicelo sethenda yokuqhuba iphulo elithile.
Ukunikezela Ngomkhomba-ndlela - Le yinkqubo apho umntu onolwazi namava anikezela ngomkhomba-ndlela kumntu onolwazi namava angafikelelanga kwawakhe. Umzekelo, xa usomashishini ophumeleleyo enikezela ngeengcebiso nomkhomba-ndlela kumntu osaqala elakhe ishishini.
Ukunikezelwa Kwamathuba Kubantu Abathile - Lo ngumgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ye-affirmative action okhuthaza amasebe namaqumrhu karhulumente ukuba athenge iimveliso neenkonzo kubantu okanye amashishini awayesakuhleleleka ngaphambili.
Ukunqanda Urhwaphilizo - Le yindlela yokunqanda urhwaphilizo ze kudalwe ukulingana kwamagunya phakathi kwecandelo lolawulo, lowiso-mthetho nelomthetho weenkundla likarhulumente.
Ukunyuka Kwamaxabiso - Oku kukunyuka okugciniweyo kwiqondo elithile kwamaxabiso. Oku kunyuka kubalwa ngokweepesenti eziyitshintshi kwisikhundla samaxabiso abathengi.
Ukuphendula kwamagosa aseburhulumenteni - Amagosa olawulo karhulumente kufuneka aphendule kwipalamente nakubemi beli ngemisebenzi yabo, ngendlela yentando yesininzi nethobela umgaqo-siseko kwaye kufuneka bephendule nangemisebenzi abayinikwe yimithetho yeli.
Ukuphuhlisa Izakhono - Esi sisicwangciso-qhinga sokuphuhlisa izakhono zamagosa nabasebebenzi baseburhulumenteni.
Ukuqhawulwa Komtshato - Oku kukupheliswa ngokusemthethweni komtshato.
Ukuqinisekiswa Komgangatho - Oku kukujonga-jongana nenkqubo eqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wemveliso okanye wenkonzo ukwinqanaba eliphakamileyo nelamkelekileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa Koomatshini - Apha kuxa oomatshini nezinye iinkqubo ezihamba ngoomatshini zithatha indawo yabasebenzi abangabantu.
Ukushushubezwa Kwehlabathi - Apha kuthethwa ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kwimo-zulu yehlabathi okubangelwa lifuthe le-greenhouse.
Ukususwa Kwezithintelo - Oku kukususwa kwezithintelo kwanolawulo lukarhulumente olwenza kube nzima ukufumana inkqubela okanye impumelelo.
Ukuthatyathwa Komhlaba Ngendlovu - Apho abantu bakha kumhlaba ngokungekho mthethweni ngeenjongo zokuhlala kuwo isigxina.
Ukuthatyathwa Kwenxaxheba Luluntu - Le yinkqubo evumela uluntu ekuhlaleni ukuba luze nezimvo zalo ze lube nenxaxheba oluyidlalayo ekuthatyathweni kwezigqibo.
Ukuthelekiswa Kweendleko Nengeniso - Le yindlela yokuthelekisa iindleko nemingcipheko yephulo nengeniso enokuba ziziphumo zelo phulo.
Ukuthuma - Oku ke kukudlulisela uxanduva okanye ukunikezelwa komsebenzi kumntu onamagunya amancinci kunawe ukuze awenze egameni lakho.
Ukutofa/Ukugonya - Oku kukuhlatywa kwenaliti, inkqubo yokuhlaba abantu inaliti yokubakhusela kwizigulo, nto leyo ebenza bakwazi ukumelana futhi baxhathise ekosulelekeni zizigulo ezithile.
Ukutshatyalaliswa Kwamahlathi - Oku kukutshentulwa nokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi nezinye izivuno.
Ukutyalwa Kwezimali Ngamazwe Angaphandle - Olu lutyalo-mali olwenziwe kuMzantsi Afrika ngabantu bamazwe angaphandle. Oku ke kuzisa imali kweli lizwe.
Ukuvalelwa Ngaphandle - Xa umqeshi enqanda abasebenzi bakhe ukuba bangene kwindawo yokusebenzela ngokuthi abavalele ngaphandle ukubanyanzela ukuba bathabathe isigqibo.
Ukuvula Ityala - Kukuthabatha amanyathelo okusa umba othile kwinkundla ukuze iwuchophele.
Ukuyeka Ukuba Sexesheni Ngenxa Yobudala - Eli lixesha ebomini bomntu wasetyhini, ngokwesiqhelo amakhosikazi aphakathi kwamashumi amane anesihlanu namashumi amahlanu anesihlanu ubudala, apho inkosikazi leyo iyeka ukuba sengceni nalapho iyeka ukuba nakho ukufumana abantwana.
Ukuzidla Ngokuba Ngummi woMzantsi Afrika - Eli liphulo ukuphakamisa iimveliso neenkonzo eziveliswe kweli. Iinkampani zeli zingabhalisa kweli phulo ze ziveze uphawu lweProudly South African kwiimveliso zazo nakwizibhengezo zeentengiso zazo.
Ukwahlukana Kweentlobo Zendalo - Iintlobo zendalo yimbumba yezityalo okanye yezilwanyana ezifanayo ukuba zingaphila kunye ze zize nemveliso etyebileyo. Ukwahlukana kweentlobo zendalo kubhekiselele kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwingingqi okanye indawo enezityalo ezithile.
Ukwahlula-hlulwa Ngokwezithili - Le yinkqubo yokwahlula-hlulwa kweengingqi ibe ngamacandelo ahluka-hlukeneyo ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, izithili zoomaspala kwiingingqi ezisezidolophini zinqanda amashishini ukuba asebenze kwiindawo zokuhlala.
Ukwahlulwa Kwamagunya - Oku kukwahlukana phakathi kwamasebe amathathu karhulumente angala: iNdlu Yowiso-mthetho (enoxanduva lokuwisa imithetho), iSebe Lolawulo (eliqinisekisa ukufezeka kweenjongo zikarhulumente kwimithetho) kwaneCandelo leeNkundla (elinyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho). Ukwahlukana nokungaxhomekeki kwala macandelo elinye kwelinye okunceda ekunqandweni kokusetyenziswa kakubi kwamagunya. Ukuzimela kweSebe ngalinye kuthetha ukulingana kwamagunya nokunqandwa korhwaphilizo okunceda ekunqandeni kokusetyenziswa kakubi kwamagunya. Oku kwahlulwa nokulingana kwamagunya luphawu oluluqilima lolawulo ngentando yesininzi.
Ukwakha Ngokutsha - Oku kukutshintsha ubume okanye iindlela ezithile zokusebenza kwishishini okanye umbutho othile.
Ukwenza Uhlahlo Lwabiwo-mali - Le yinkqubo yokucwangcisa inkcitho kumsebenzi okanye kwinkqubo ethile.
Ukwenza Uqhushululu Eluntwini - Oku kukuziphatha okuphazamisana namalungelo oluntu ekuhlaleni ngokuthi kubangele umonakalo, ukudikwa kwabantu nokuphazamiseka kwindawo yoluntu.
Ukwenzeka Kwentlango - Xa ingingqi ethile iqala ukuba yintlango ngenxa yokuba umhlaba ingakhange ifumane lulawulo lululo okanye ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemo yezulu.
ULawulo Lomthetho - Le yingingqi apho abalawuli banolawulo olusemthethweni okanye nje olunye uhlobo lolawulo kwanemiba enamandla okujongana nayo. Umzekelo, iNkundla kaMantyi inamagunya omthetho kuzo naziphi na iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezingembi kakhulu ezenzeke kwingingqi esebenza kuyo.
ULawulo lukaRhulumente Olululo - Le yindlela eyamkelekileyo yolawulo lukarhulumente oluquka ukubandakanywa kwabo balawulwayo, ukumelana noxanduva, ukulawula ngendlela engafihlakelanga, ukuthi ngqo, ukubonakala kwemisebenzi kwanokuhlonitshwa kwemithetho emiselweyo.
ULawulo Lweentengiso Zangaphandle Nezangaphakathi Kweli - La ngamanyathelo athatyathwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ezingena neziphuma kweli lizwe zikhuselekile futhi zisemthethweni.
Ulawulo Lweentlekele - Le yinkqubo yokujongana neentlekele, ezifana nezikhukula neenyikima. Le nkqubo ibhekiselele kwiintshukumo zokuzinikela ekunqandeni iintlekele ze kuncitshiswe nefuthe lazo eliphazamisayo, ze futhi kuziwe nezisombululo emva kokuba kwenzeke ezi ntlekele, zisombululo ezo zifana noncedo lokunikwa izinto ezikhuselayo.
Ulawulo lwezibonelelo zendalo - Le yinkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo zendalo zisetyenziswa gendlela ekwazigcinayo.
ULawulo Ngendlela Evulelekileyo - Lo ngumgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo lukarhulumente olunyanzelisa amagosa ukuba alawule ngendlela evulelekileyo. Le ndlela ibonisa ukuba amagosa karhulumente awananto ayifihlayo futhi zonke izigqibo neentshukumo zingaphendulwa kuluntu jikelele.
ULawulo Ngokomthetho - Lo ngumgaqo womthetho ochaza ukuba wonke umntu kufuneka ahlonele imithetho efanayo. Lo mgaqo ufuna ucace futhi ukwathi imithetho kufuneka inyanzeliswe ngendlela enokulingana, engenamkhethe kwanenamabakala alandelelanayo.
Ulimo olu-Hydroponic - Oku kukulinywa kwezivuno kwimixube yezakhi-mzimba endaweni yomhlaba.
Ulonyulo Lokugcwalisa Isihlalo - Olu lulonyulo olungaphandle kolonyulo-jikelele, oluqhele ukubanjwa xa ummeli obenyuliwe ethe mhlawumbi wasutywa kukufa okanye erhoxile ze kudingeke ukuba kufakwe omnye umntu kweso sihlalo.
Ultra vires - Ngaphandle komthetho. Umzekelo, ukuba igosa laseburhulumenteni lenza ngokungekho mthethweni, oko kuthetha ukuba lenze into engaphaya kwamagunya alo. Elo gosa alinalo igunya okanye ilungelo lokwenza elikwenzileyo.
Uluhlu Lwabavoti - Olu luluhlu lwabavoti ababhalisileyo. Awunakho tu ukuvota ngaphandle kokuba igama lakho liyavela kuluhlu lwabavoti.
Uluntu LwasebuRhulumenteni - Le yimibutho engajonge ngeniso kwanamanye amaziko agcina isithuba sezopolitiko phakathi kwekhaya nombuso. Ingaphandle kwesikhundla esisesikweni sezopolitiko kodwa iye ibe nopolitiko kumaxesha kaxakeka nangamaxesha enguqu.
Ulutsha Olusemngciphekweni - Aba ngabantu abatsha abaneengxaki ezifana nokungasetyenziswa ngendlela kweziyobisi okanye utywala okanye abakungquzulwano nomthetho.
Ulwaluko - Eli lisiko okanye isithethe senkolo sokusikwa kwejwabu. Ngako oko kube kusenziwa lowo usikwayo indoda.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho Ngobugcisa Bonxibelelwano - Le yintshukumo engekho mthethweni ngokusebenzisa ikhompyutha. Iquka ukutshabalalisa ngendlela ebandakanya ikhompyutha, ubuqhetseba norhwaphilizo kwakunye nokufumana ukungena okanye ukungenelela kulwazi oluthile ngaphandle kokufumana amagunya okwenza oko.
ULwimi Lokufunda Nokufundisa - Olu lulwimi olusetyenziselwa ukufunda kwizikolo, olalusakwaziwa njengendlela yokuyalela.
UMaspala Wesithili - Aba ke ngabasemagunyeni kulawulo lokuwisa imithetho kwisithili, sithili eso siquka oomaspala abaliqela. Umzekelo, uMaspala woNxweme lweNtshona wenziwa ngoomaspala abaliqela.
UMbuso - Lo ngurhulumente okanye ilizwe.
UMbutho Ophantsi kweZizwe Ezimanyeneyo Wezemfundo, Wenzululwazi Nenkcubeko - I-UNESCO ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi. Lo ngumbutho woorhulumente ngoorhulumente ojongene nesini, inkcubeko nonxibelelwano, ezemfundo, inzululwazi yendalo kwanenzululwazi yezoluntu neendlela zokuziphatha kwabantu.
Umbutho Wabahlawuli Beenkonzo Zikamaspala - Le yimbumba yabanini bempahla nezindlu abahlalisana kwingingqi ethile ekuhlaleni, futhi abasebenzisanayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxabiso empahla yabo kunye namalungelo abanini abo bempahla akhuselekile.
UMbutho Wezempilo Wehlabathi - Eli liqumrhu leZizwe Ezimanyeneyo elinikwe uxanduva lokujongana nomsebenzi wamazwe ngamazwe wezempilo ukuphakamisa izinga lempilo libe kowona mgangatho wakha waphezulu kwizizwe zonke.
UMcebisi Kwezomthetho Ongagqibelelanga - Lo ngumcebisi okanye umncedisi kwezomthetho okhe wafumana uqeqesho kwezomthetho kodwa engenaso isidanga sezifundo zomthetho.
Umgangatho Wecandelo leNQF - Le yintetho ethi thaca iziphumo ezilindelekileyo zezifundo okanye zenkqubo yoqeqesho kwanoko kufunekayo ukuze kuphunyelelwe. Sonke isifundo esiza nesidanga seNQF kulindeleke ukuba sibhalise umgangatho welo candelo kwiSAQA, abalawuli beNQF.
Umgangatho Wonaniselwano - Lo ngumahluko kumaxabiso eemali zamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuxelela ukuba kuya kuxabisa malini na ukuthenga imali yelinye ilizwe. Umzekelo, kuya kukudla malunga ne-R7 ukuze ufumane i$1.
UMgaqo-nkqubo - Le yimikhomba-ndlela esesikweni ngokuba kufuneka kufikelelwe njani kwizigqibo eburhulumenteni okanye kufuneka iinkqubo kuqinisekiswe njani ukuba ziyaphunyezwa.
UMgaqo-nkqubo Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo Emsebenzini - Le yimikhomba-ndlela esesikweni yombutho ngendlela yokulawula nayiphi na imiba enento yokwenza nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo emsebenzini. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo unokuquka imikhomba-ndlela engendlela yokulawula nokunikezela inkxaos kubasebenzi abahlaselwa yile ntsholongwane, indlela yokunqanda ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo emsebenzini nokuba bangakhuthazwa njani na abasebenzi baziyele kuvavanyo neengcebiso ngale ntsholongwane.
UMgaqo-nkqubo Wezimali - Leyimikhomba-ndlela nemithetho echaza ukuba urhulumente uza kuzichitha njani na iimali zakhe.
UMgaqo-siseko - Owona mthetho mkhulu eMzantsi Afrika, olu xwebhu luthi thaca imigaqo esisisekelo ekulawulwa ngayo eli lizwe. Uqulethe uMqulu Wamalungelo ze idize elubala amaqumrhu namagunya karhulumente wesizwe, abamaphondo nabeedolophu.
UMgcini Womntwana - Lo ngumntu onegunya elisemthethweni lokugcina umntwana . Lo mntu ingangumzali walo mntwana okanye omnye nje umntu oqeshelwe oko yinkundla.
Umhamba-hambi - Lo ngumntu oquqa ebuyelela kuloo ngingqi. Umzekelo, igoduka ngumntu ophangela kude lee nekhaya lakhe kodwa obuya rhoqo emva kwesithuba sexesha elithile.
UMhlali Osisigxina - Lo ngumntu ongeyonzalelwane okanye ummi weli lizwe futhi ongenayo incwadana yesazisi yaseMzantsi Afrika kodwa onikwe imvume yokuhlala kweli lizwe isigxina.
Umhlawuli-rhafu Wamaxesha Athile - Eli ke lishishini okanye umntu ongayihlawuli nyanga nanyanga irhafu koko oyihlawula amatyeli amabini okanye amathathu enyakeni.
UMkhosi Wokhuselo Wesizwe soMzantsi Afrika (iSANDF ngamafutshane) - Le yimikhosi exhobileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, kuqukwa amajoni omkhosi, amajoni asemanzini kwanamajoni asemoyeni.
UMkhuseli Wabathengi - Eli ligosa laseburhulumenteni elinoxanduva lokujongana nezikhalazo zabathengi.
UMkhuseli Woluntu - Eli liziko elimiselwe nguMgaqo-siseko nelinikwe uxanduva lokuphanda izikhalazo zorhwaphilizo kwaneentshukum ezingekho mthethweni ngamagosa aseburhulumenteni okanye abo basebenzela umbuso.
UMkomishinala - Umntu okhokela iKomishoni Yophando, okanye umntu othabatha izigqibo ngamatyala kwiNkundla Yamabango Amancinci, okanye ke esi sisishunqulelo soMkomishinala Wezifungo.
UMkomishinala Wentlalo-ntle Yabantwana - Lo ngumntu onikwe igunya lokuthabatha izigqibo ezisemthethweni ngendlela abantwana abadingayo emabangaphathwe ngayo.
UMkomishinala Wezifungo - Lo ngumntu onokuqinisekisa ukuba intetho ethile yenziwa ngumntu ekwakufuneka eyenzile ngokuthabatha isigqibo esifungelweyo okanye umntu onokuqinisekisa ukuba iikopi zeempepha ezithile zenziwe kwezo zokwenyani futhi zizezoqobo. Umzekelo, igosa lasebupoliseni, unoposi kunye nomphathi webhanki.
UMlamli - Lo ngumntu olamla asombulule imiba yomntu othe wasutywa kukufa ze aqinisekise ukuthotyelwa komyolelo welifa.
UMlawuli Wezotshutshiso Loluntu - Le yintloko yezotshutshiso kweli Phondo, unikezela amatyala kumtshutshisi woMbuso ngamnye. UMlawuli Wezotshutshiso Loluntu eNtshona Koloni nguFrank Kahn.
Umnini-shishini - Umntu oqala ishishini. Lo mntu umelana nokuba phantsi komngcipheko wokuwa kwelo shishini ngethemba lokuba liza kuphumelela.
Umntu Ofudukele Kwelinye Ilizwe - Lo ngumntu ofudukele kwelinye ilizwe ngeenjongo zokuba ngummi welo lizwe.
Umntu Ongowokuqala Ekunikezeleni Ngononophelo - Lo ngumntu onolona xanduva ekukhathaleleni umntwana othile.
Umntu Onyanga Izigulo Zomzimba Nezengqondo - Lo ngumntu onceda izigulane ukuba ziphile ngokwasenyameni nangokwasengqondweni ngokuthi azenzise iintshukumo zobuchule nezinemveliso.
Umntu Oxhomekekileyo - Lo ngumntu oxhomekeke komnye umntu ngenkxaso yezimali. Umzekelo, umntwana uxhomekeke kubazali bakhe.
Umntwana - Lo ngumntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka engamashumi amabini ananye ubudala futhi ongathatyathwa njengomntu omdala ngokupheleleyo ngumthetho.
UMphathi Oyintloko (iCEO) - Lo ngoyena mphathi mkhulu ngokwamagunya kwinkampani okanye umbutho, onoxanduva lokujongana nayo yonke imisebenzi yenkampani, ntsuku nantsuku.
UMphathiswa weKhabhinethi - Ilungu lePalamente elikhethelwe ukuba noxanduva lokujongana neSebe elithile kulawulo oluyintloko, umzekelo mhlawumbi uMphathiswa wezeMfundo.
UMqulu Wamalungelo - Isahluko 2 soMgaqo-siseko sithi thaca amalungelo angundoqo onwatyelwa ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika bonke. Esi sahluko sikwathi thaca neemeko ezibalekayo apho la malungelo anokungahlonelwa.
UMsebenzi Kwezempilo Ongagqibelelanga - Lo ngumntu oqeqeshelwe ukunikezela ngoncedo lwempilo olungxamisekileyo kodwa ongengomntu ufundele ubugqirha.
Umsebenzi Wasekhaya - Lo ngumntu ohlawulelwa ukusebenza kwindlu yomnye umntu, kuquka nomsebenzi wasesitiyeni, umqhubi, umgcini-khaya, umcoci nomntu ojongene nabantwana.
Umsebenzi Wezempilo Ekuhlaleni - Lo ngumntu ophakamayo azinikele ekuncedeni uluntu ekuhlaleni kwimiba yezempilo.
Umthetho Ocacileyo - Lo ngumthetho obusoloko uzibonakalisa ngokwezigqibo zeenkundla kumatyala athile, hayi umthetho ofumaneka kwimithetho ewiswe yipalamente. Umzekelo, akukho mthetho uthi ukubulala lulwaphulo-mthetho. Ngoko ke ukubulala lulwaphulo-mthetho lwalo mthetho uzicaceleyo.
UMthetho Osayilwayo - Umthetho osesendleleni yokwenziwa kodwa ongekawiswa yipalamente yesizwe okanye yephondo.
Umthetho wemvelo wase-Afrika - Le yimithetho yemvelo nenkcubeko yezizwe zase-Afrika.
uMthetho wePalamente - Lo ngumthetho owiswe yipalamente yesizwe okanye yephondo. Amalungu ePalamente ayavota kumthetho osayilwayo, obizwa ngokuba yiBill.
Umtshato - Olu lumanyano olugunyaziswa ngumthetho phakathi kwabantu ababini. Ufumana imitshato yomthetho engqinwa nangumthetho ze ufumane imitshato eyenziwa phantsi kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, umtshato wamaMuslim).
UMtshutshisi Wombuso - Eli ligqwetha lombuso elitshutshisa abatyholwa ngokwaphula imithetho.
Umyalelo Wenkundla - Isinyanzeliso esisesikweni esikhutshwa yijaji siyalela umntu othile ukuba enze ahlukane nokwenza okuthile.
UMyolelo - Le yincwadana esemthethweni apho uthi thaca khona indlela oya kuthanda impahla yakho yabiwe ngawo wakusweleka wena.
Unaniselwano Lwamazwe Ngamzwe - Le yindlela esetyenziselwa ukunaniselana okanye ukutshintshisa ngemali yelinye ilizwe ukuze kufunyanwe enye. Oku ke kuqinisekisa ukuba iintshukumo zoshishino phakathi kwamazwe ahlukeneyo ziyenzeka.
Uncedo-mali Lokwakha Indlu Olumanyaniswe Netyala - Uncedo-mali olumanyaniswe nemali-mboleko. Umntu ofimene le mali ulindeleke ukuba abuyise imali-mboleko kodwa lona uncedo-mali uyaluphiwa.
Uncedo-mali Lokwakha Izindlu Olungayanyaniswanga Natyala - Olu luncedo-mali lokwakha izindlu olungabandakanyi mali-mboleko ngoko ke ekungadingeki ukuba kubuyiswe mali.
UNobhala Wenkundla - Lo ngulo mntu ezinkundleni zamatyala unoxanduva lokubeka iintsuku zokuxoxwa kwamatyala nonokukubonelela ngazo naziphi na iimpepha ezinento yokwenza neenkqubo zenkundla.
Unonophelo Lwabantwana lweKangaroo - Le yindlela yokunonotshelwa komntwana okuquka ukuba naye ngokweliso lenyama phakathi kwakhe nabazali bakhe.
UNonophelo Lwasekhaya - Oku kukunonotshelwa komntu ogulayo ekhayeni. Abantu abaninzi abagulayo abakwazi kufumana ndawo yakulaliswa ze banyangelwe ezibhedlele ngoko ke bafumane unyango nonophelo emakhayeni abo.
Unonophelo Lwempilo Olukwinqanaba Lokuqala - Olu lunonophelo lwempilo olukwinqanaba lokuqala oluquka ukufundisa abantu ukuba bangaphila njani besempilweni (umzekelo, ukutya ukutya okusempilweni kwanempilo esisiseko) ukunqanda ukugula okanye izifo.
Unyaka-mali - Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwanophicotho lweencwadi zezimali lusekelwe kunyaka-mali. EMzantsi Afrika unyaka-mali uqala ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga kaTshazimpunzi ze uphele ngomhla wama-31 kweyoKwindla. Ngoko ke unyaka-mali ka-2003/2004 waqala ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga kaTshazimpunzi ku-2003 ze waphela ngomhla wama-31 kwinyanga yoKwindla ku-2004.
Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo - La machiza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye aquka i-AZT neNevirapine. Awamnyangi kumnyanga umntu ohlaselwe yile le ntsholongwane koko anqanda amajoni omzimba wakhe ekuphelelweni ngamandla ngenxa yentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
UPhando Ngeentengiso - Ezi zizifundo ngokuziphatha kwabathengi, abakuthandayo nabangakuthandiyo. Olu lwazi lusoloko lusetyenziselwa ukwazisa ukuphuhliswa kwemveliso okanye inkonzo kwakunye neentengiso.
Uphicotho Lweencwadi - Uphicotho olujonga ukuthi ngqo nokugqibelela kweempepha-nkcukacha. Umzekelo, uphicotho lweencwadi zezimali lungajongana neempepha-nkcukacha zezimali zeSebe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingeniso neendleko ziyagcinwa yaye zonke iirhafu zihlawulwe.
UPhuhliso - Oku kukunyuswa nokuphuculwa kwamandla abantu nezinto abanokuzenza. Kuquka ukwenza abantu bakwazi ukufikelela kwizigqibo besazi konke abafanele ukukwazi ngezigqibo nemiba ebachaphazelayo ze benziwe bakwazi nokuthabatha amathuba eza nolu phuhliso.
UPhuhliso Loqoqosho Lwabamnyama - Inkqubo yenguqu yezoqoqosho ejoliswe ekwandiseni inani labantu abamnyama abalawula, babe ngabanini ze baqhube uqoqosho lweli lizwe. Le nkqubo ikwajoliswe ekunciphiseni ukungalingani ngokwengeniso.
UQoqosho Lwentengiso - Le yindlela yoqoqosho apho iimfuno zabathengi kwakunye nemveliso zisetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwizigqibo zokuba kufuneka imveliso engakanani futhi liyimalini na ixabiso.
URhulumente Osebenzisanayo - URhulumente apho amacandelo ahlukeneyo alindeleke ukuba asebenzisane futhi ancedisane. Umzekelo, eMzantsi Afrika, amabakala karhulumente amathathu (owesizwe, abamaphondo nabeedolophu) ayasebenzisana ngendlela exhasayo.
URhulumente Osembindini - Lo nguRhulumente weSizwe.
URhulumente Wedolophu - Lo ngurhulumente wesithili noomaspala bamakaya abasekelwe ngokwemigaqo yoMgaqo-siseko. Amagunya nemisebenzi yoorhulumente bamakhaya ithiwe thaca kuMgaqo-siseko.
URhulumente wePhondo - Iphondo ngalinye linepalamente yephondo kwanorhulumente wephondo. Imisebenzi namagunya karhulumente wephondo ithiwe thaca kuMgaqo-siseko.
URhulumente Wesizwe - Eli liqumrhu elilawula eli lizwe. URhulumente wesizwe wenziwa ngala macandelo: elowiso-mthetho (ipalamente), elolawulo (ibhunga lolawulo) kunye nelobulungisa (iinkundla), macandelo lawo anoxanduva lokwenza, lokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwanokunyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa komthetho.
Usapho Lwenyukleri - Olu lusapho oluhlala kwikhaya elinye. Ngokwesiqhelo olu sapho lwenziwa ngutata, umama nabantwana babo.
Ushishino Kwezolimo - Le yimizi-mveliso namashishini ezisebenza ngeemveliso neenkonzo zokulima nokufuya.
UShishino Lokukhathalela Abantu - Eli licandelo loshishino lwezotyelelo olujongene nokubonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala/zokulala, zokutya kwakunye nezeziselo.
USomlomo - Eli lilungu lePalamente elityunjelwe ukongamela ukuhlala neengxoxo zepalamente. Unoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba imithetho neenkqubo zepalamente ziyalandelwa.
Uthetha-thethwano - Le yinkqubo yokuzinikela ejoliswe ekusombululeni imbambano okanye ekufikeleleni kwisivumelwano.
Uvavanyo Lokufumanisa Uyise Womntwana - Olu luvavanyo lwe-DNA olunokuza nobungqina bokuba indoda ethile ngenene nguyise womntwana othile okanye akunjalo na.
Uvavanyo Lwe-swot - Esi sisixhobo soshishino esisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya indawo ishishini elithile elisebenzela kuyo. Usowt lo umele amandla, ukungabi namandla, amathuba kunye nemingcipheko futhi lusoloko lusetyenziselwa xa kusenziwa isicwangciso-qhinga selo shishini.
Uvavanyo Olukhawulezileyo - Olu luvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo apho iziphumo zifumaneka emva kwemizuzu nje engamashumi amabini emva kovavanyo olo.
Uxanduva Lokusebenzisana Noluntu - Oku kukuziva unoxanduva kuluntu ekuhlaleni. Kwezoshishino olu xanduva lubhekiselele kumbono wokuba amashishini kufuneka enze igalelo kwintlalo-ntle yoluntu olukwiindawo asebenzela kuzo, umzekelo; mhlawumbi ngokuthi anikezele ngoncedo-mali lokufunda kubafundi okanye kubantu abafuna ukufunda.
Uxolelwaniso - Le yindlela yokusombulula imbambano apho umxolelanisi ozimeleyo azama ukuxolelanisa abo babambeneyo.
Uxolelwaniso - Oku kukubuyisela uxolo nentsebenziswano. Kukubuyisela abantu okanye imibutho emibini ekwimpixano ukuba ibuye yakhe ubudlelwane bobuhlobo phakathi kwabo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.glossary.glossary.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Abacebisi Abangaqeqeshwanga - Aba ngabasebenzi abazinikeleyo nabaqeqeshiweyo abanikezela ngeengcebiso nenkxaso kubantu basekuhlaleni ngokuthi babacebise.
Abanini-mashishini Abathengisela Amazwe Angaphandle Abasakhulayo - La ngamashishini athengisela amazwe angaphandle asakhulayo, ingakumbi asuka kwiingingqi ebezisa kuhleleleka.
Abantu Abafudukele Kwilizwe Ngokungekho Mthethweni - Aba ngabantu abafudukele kwelinye ilizwe ngaphandle kokufumana imvume kurhulumente welo lizwe.
Abasebenzi Abahlalayo - Aba ngabantu abasebenza kwifama nabakwavumelekileyo ukuba bahlale apho.
Abasebenzi Kunonophelo Lwezempilo - Aba ngabantu abanakekela izigulane, kuquka abongikazi noogqirha abakuqeqeshelweyo oko, iingcali zempilo yengqondo kwanabo bangakuqeqeshelwanga esikolweni ukunakekela abantu abagulayo.
Abathwa - Bebizwa kamnandi njengesizwe samaSan, aba bazingeli bahleli eMzantsi Afrika ubuncinane le minyaka idlulileyo ingamawaka alikhulu. Abantu abasekhoyo besizwe samaSan bahlala kwingingqi yeKalahari yoMntla Koloni.
Abathwa - Esi sisizwe sokuqala ukuma iNtshona Kapai. Esi sizwe yayingabazingeli.
Abazali Bemvelo - Aba ke ngabazali basesizalweni okanye bokwenene.
Amalungelo Abazali - La ngamalungelo avunywa nangumthetho umzali anawo emntwaneni wakhe, malungelo lawo afana nelungelo lokugcina ukhulise loo mntwana kwanelungelo lokuthabatha izigqibo ngempilo yomntwana lowo.
Amalungelo Ezigulane - Oku koko izigulane kufuneka zikulindele kubasebenzi bezempilo, indlela izigulane ekufuneka ziphethwe ngayo.
Amalungelo Kuqoqosho Loluntu - Ekwabizwa njengamalungelo esizukulwana sesibini, la malungelo aquka ilungelo lokuba nendlu, ilungelo lokufumana amanzi kwanelungelo lokufumana imfundo. Umbuso unoxanduva lokwenza la malungelo afikeleleke kuphela ngokwezibonelelo onazo.
Amalungelo Oluntu - La ngamalungelo wonke umntu anawo ngenxa nje yokuba engumntu. Aquka ilungelo lokukhululeka, ilungelo lemfihlelo, ilungelo lokuvota kwanelungelo lokungaphathwa kakubi. Amalungelo oluntu athiwe thaca kuMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika aphantsi kokhuseleko lomthetho.
Amalungu eBhunga Eliyintloko - La ngamalungu epalamente yephondo anoxanduva lokujongana namasebe ahlukeneyo karhulumente wephondo. Umzekelo, uMcebisi Skwatsha, ujongene neSebe leMisebenzi Yoluntu Nezothutho.
Amashishini Amancinci, Asakhulayo Naphakathi - Amashishini anabaqeshwa abangaphantsi kwesihlanu aqhele ukubizwa njengamashishini asakhulayo. Lawo anabaqeshwa abasuka kwisihlanu ukuya kwishumi athatyathwa njengamashishini amancinci, ze lawo anabaqeshwa abasuka kwishumi ukuya kumashumi amahlanu athatyathwe njengamashishini aphakathi.
Amathuba Empangelo Alinganayo - Amathuba alinganayo nokuphathwa ngendlela eyamkelekileyo kwiindawo zentsebenzo. Ukuhleleleka kwangaphambili kuyasonjululwa ze ukungalingani kona kususwe ukuze kuphele nya.
Amathuba Okuthengisela Amazwe Angaphandle - Indlela karhulumente yokukhuthaza ngokuvuza, ngamaxesha amaninzi ngokuthi ishishini elithile lingarhafiswa kakhulu okanye lingarhafiswa konke konke , oko ke ibe kukukhuthaza iintengiso kumazwe angaphandle.
AmaXhosa - Esi sisizwe semvelo salapha eMzantsi Afrika esimi ikakhulu kwiNtshona neMpuma Koloni. Ulwimi lwabo, isiXhosa, lolunye lweelwimi ezilishumi elinanye ezisesikweni zeli lizwe.
Amaxhwele - Aba ngabantu abasebenzisa izityalo zemvelo kwanonyango lwezilwanyana ukuphilisa abo bagulayo.
AmaZulu - Esi sisizwe semvelo sephondo iKwaZulu-Natal apha eMzantsi Afrika. Ulwimi lwaso, isiZulu, lolunye lweelwimi ezisesikweni ezilishumi elinanye kweli lizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11433.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Iindlela zoqulunqo lohlahlo-mali lwamashishini eCOMBUD zingasetyenziswa njengezikhokelo zokuqulunqwa kohlahlo-mali lwamashishini amatsha okanye ekuthelekiseni amanani kuhlahlo-mali lwamashishini asele eqhuba.
Ishishini eliqhutywa gentsebenziswano lishishini eliqhutywa liqela labantu abasebenza kunye ukufikelela kwiinjongo zabo.
Eyona nto lijolise kuyo eli candelo kukufaka ixabiso kwiimveliso zolimo kule fama ngokweenkqubo ezifana nokomisa, ukupholisa, ukufaka ezikanini kwanokufaka ezipakethini ngeenjongo zokwandisa ingeniso kwanamandla okukhuphisana namanye amashishini.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11441.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Le nkonzo inikezelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngentsebenziswano neNkonzo Yethala Leencwadi yeNtshona Koloni. Amathala eencwadi ngamaziko olwazi kubantwana nabantu abadala. Uluntu lunakho ukufumana okanye luboleke iincwadi, iincwadi ezincedisa ekufundiseni, amacwecwe omculo, imiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, amacwecwe okugcina ulwazi, amaphepha-ndaba kwakunye namaphepha aveliswa ngamaxesha athile kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nabo.
Library Business Corners anikezela ngoku kulandelayo: Iincwadi, iimpepha, imiboniso bhanya-bhanya, amaphepha-ndaba ngamashishini asakhasayo, amaphepha engcaciso ngamashishini asakhasayo asuka kwimibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente, Ukufikelela kwizibonelelo ezifana neSmall Business Development Agency (iSEDA), Iimpepha-ngcaciso ngemibuzo yoshishino ebuzwa rhoqo, Indawo yokubeka ubonise amakhadi akho oshishino kwakunye...
Inkonzo yeWebPALS isebenzisana namathala eencwadi alawulwa nguRhulemente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni futhi awawaquki amathala eencwadi aphantsi kolawulo lweSixeko saseKapa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11443.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zeenkonzo zenkxaso ezikhoyo ukunceda amashishini avelayo.
Inkqubo Yophuhliso Lwababoneleli Kumashishini Amnyama yeSebe Leentengiso Norhwebo yinkqubo engu-80:20 yokwabelana ngeendleko kumashishini aphantsi kwabanini abamnyama, ngenkxaso-mali efikelela kwi-R100,000. Le nkqubo ke ikwabonelela nangeenkonzo zophuhliso lwamashishini ngenjongo yokunceda iinkampani ziphucule izakhono zazo ze zisebenze ngcono. Ukuze ibe nokufikelela, inkampani kufuneka -mpany must: Ibe kanti inezabelo...
Le nkonzo ichaza imisebenzi yeNgxowa-mali Yesizwe Yophuhliso kwanokuba zingafikeleleka njani ezinye iinkonzo zayo. Ifanele ingakumbi umntu osaqala phantsi ishishini, kodwa ke zikwakho neenkonzo ezifanele nezinokuba lulutho kwiinkampani namashishini amakhulu.
Urhulumente unomgaqo-nkqubo wokunikezela ngamathuba eethenda kwiinkampani ezithile. Oko ke kukuthi urhulumente uthathela ingqalelo eminye imiba engeloxabiso xa anikezela ngethenda. Ukuba inkampani ethile ithi iziveze njengenkampani yenkqubo yophuhliso loqoqosho lwabamnyama, ngelixa ingekho phantsi kwabalawuli abamnyama, le nkampani inetyala "lokukhohlisa".
Inkqubo Yemisebenzi Yoluntu Esekelwe Kuluntu Ekuhlaleni, isetyana kwiSebe lephondo leZothutho neMisebenzi Yoluntu, inenkonzo eyenzele ukunceda amashishini amancinci ukuya kutsho kwasakhulayo ngokuwanceda afumane amava kwaneengcebiso...
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11444.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Abaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lweMizi-mveliso banceda amashishini ekufikeleleni kulwazi oluphathelelene kwiinkqubo zesizwe zenkxaso.
Amashishini angathanda ukufunda ngeendlela zokuthengisela iimalike zamazwe angaphandle, okanye aphucule indlela asebenza ngayo, angalufumana ulwazi kwakunye namathuba oqeqesho kwezi ndawo zilandelayo...
IZiko leMveliso Ethengiselwa Amazwe Angaphandle lamiselwa kuMzantsi Kapa ukunyusa umgangatho wemveliso ephuma kule ngingqi. Imiswe kwi- Ziko Loshishino loMzantsi Kapa eGeorge, Ziko elo likhuphela imveliso kumazwe angaphandle linikezela abo bathengisela amazwe angaphandle abakhasayo nabasele bekhona ngengcebiso exabisekileyo kwakunye nolwazi lorhwebo.
ISebe Labongameli liyayithakazelela into yokusasaza ulwazi ngeenkqubo zenzuzo yemvelisa eya ngaphandle, ingakumbi ulwazi lwenzuzo yorhwebo olutsha lwesizwe.
Xa uRhulumente weSizwe ethetha-thethana ngezivumelwano zorhwebo olutsha, aBaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lezoRhwebo basasaza ulwazi ngezivumelwano kwabo bathengisela amanye amazwe imveliso yeli nakumanye amaqela anomdla. Ukongeza ekunikezeleni umsebenzi obhaliweyo ngezivumelwano zorhwebo, aba baphathi baphinda buqhubae amagumbi okusebenzela.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11453.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Nawuphi na umntu onqwenelela ukuthengisa, ukwenza nokuhambisa utywala ngokwasemthethweni ngokomthetho kufuneka abe nephepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala.
Ukuba usomashishini othengisa utywala uthi aphaamisane nabanye abantu, oku kunokuthi kanti akuhambiselani nomthetho iLiquor Act okanye ke imiqathango yelo phepha-mvume. Kusenokufakwa isikhalazo emapoliseni, aya kuthi ke wona amthathele amanyathelo loo somashishini. Kwingingqi apho kukho khona umbutho wasekuhlaleni, umzekelo, iqoqo lamapolisa asekuhlaleni okanye umbutho wabahlawuli berhafu...
Unakho ukungasamkeli isicelo sephepha-mvume lotywala.
Uluntu kudingeka ukuba lwazi ngezicelo zamaphepha-mvume otywala aphantsi koqaphelisiso ukuze lukwazi ukudwelisa inkcaso. IBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona-Koloni ngoko ipapasha uludwe lwezicelo ezingenileyo ngenyanga nganye.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11460.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Abantu abasebenzisana namapolisa ngamavolontiya aphuma ekuhlaleni anamagunya noxanduva olufanayo nolwamapolisa xa besemsebenzini. Ukuze ube ngumntu osebenzisana namapolisa kufuneka iimpepha zaseburhulumenteni zibe zithi akuzange wophula mthetho, futhi kufuneka ubuncinci ube waliphumelela ibanga leshumi.
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ukuba ulixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungenzakala ngokwasemphefumlweni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, isikhululo samapolisa yayingeyondawo apho amaxhoba, ingakumbi kulwaphulo-mthetho lobundlobongela, anokuziva ekhululekile xa egqithisa ingxelo yawo kumapolisa, okanye indawo abanokuthi bafumane uncedo lonyango ekonzakaleni ngokwasemphufumlweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11470.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
I-WCED igcine inxiwa lezikolo kwakunye namaziko kweli Phondo.
Abafundi ngokwesiqhelo baqala ibanga lokuqala ekuqaleni konyaka abaza kuba neminyaka esixhenxe ngawo. Abantwana banakho ukungena kwiBanga lokuqala kunyaka ongaphambi kwalowo baza kuba neminyaka esixhenxe ngawo ukuba uvavanyo lwe-WCED lubonisa ukuba bakulungele ukuya esikolweni.
Abantwana baqhele ukuqala iBanga lokuqala kunyaka abaza kuba neminyaka esixhenxe bezelwe ngawo. Abantwana abazakuba neminyaka emithandathu apha enyakeni bangaqalisa esikolweni ukuba kubonakala besilungele.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11495.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
ULawulo oluHlanganyelweyo lweziGulo zaBantwana lusekwe liCandelo lezeMpilo yaBantwana noPhuhliso, loMbutho wezeMpilo kaZwelonke kunye neUNICEF. Le Nkonzo ithe yaziswa kumazwe angaphezulu kwama-30 kulo lonke eli limiweyo ukujongana nokugula kwanokufa kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu. Obu buchule bugxile kumntwana ephelele, andaweni yokuqwalasela isifo esinye okanye imeko enye. Abantwana...
Le nkonzo ijolise ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana ukusekela ekuzalweni ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-14 ubudala, abebephatheke gadalala ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwesondo nangokwasemphefumlweni, kwanabo bangahoyekanga. Abantwana ekurhaneleka ukuba bakhe baphathwa gadalala, bangasiwa kwikliniki yonyango apho baya kuxilongwa khona ukuqonda isifo abanaso, baze bafumane iingcebiso malunga naso. Umongikazi wasekliniki okanye ugqirha...
Oomama/abagcini babantwana bayacetyiswa ukuba base iintsana zabo ezisandul' ukuzalwa kwiikliniki zononophelo lwesigaba sokuqala ukuze ziye kuhlolwa njengesiqhelo. Ukuphuhla, Ukukhula ukuhlolwa kokuphuhla komntwana kwenziwa njengento yesiqhelo ngamaxesha okutyelelwa kweklinikhi ukuza kugonywa. Ukuhlolelwa ukukhubazeka okubonakala ngokuphujla komntwana kuvela amatyeli amathathu, xa umntwana...
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11504.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Kucingeleka ukuba abantwana abali-150000 abazalwayo ngonyaka emZantsi Afrika bachatshazelwa ziziphene zokuzalwa kwezona ndawo zibalulekileyo okanye iziphazamiso zemvelo ngethuba beneminyaka emihlanu.
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje...
Oomama bangabelekela kwiikliniki ezisisigxina okanye kumaCandelo okuBelekisa, aqhutywa ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni kubaguli bamaziko ezonyango. Ukuba kuthe kwakho iingxaki ngethuba lokubeleka, baya kuthi bathunyelwe kwisibhedlele esingentla. Oomama abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangazibandakanya nenkonzo Yokuthintelwa Kokudluliselwa Kwentsholongwane Ukusuka Kunina Ukuya Elusaneni 1/1.
Iinkonzo zasemva kokubeleka ziyafumaneka emva kokuba umama nosana lwakhe olusandul' ukuzalwa bekhululwe kwiCandelo lokuBelekisa okanye ekliniki. Oku kusoloko kusenzeka emva kweeyure ezintandathu usana luzelwe ukuba umama nosana basempilweni entle.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
Abafazi abayeka ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha elililo (ngaphambi kobudala obungama- 45 eminyaka) okanye abakwixesha lokuyeka kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu ezibagungqisayo, banakho ukufumana uphononongo koogqirha bomama kwakunye nokuxilongwa. Uvavanyo lwencindi lungenziwa ukuze kubekho izigqibo zonyango. Oomama bangacela ingcebiso ukuze bakwazi ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela yonyango iphucukileyo.
Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11505.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Zikho iinkonzo zabantwana nabantu abakhulu abazizigulane ezilaliswayo nezingalaliswayo, nkonzo ezo zifumaneka ngamaxesha apho ezo zigulane zilufuna kakhulu unyango naxa kukho imfuneko yokuba zinyangelwe bucala ukudlula kumaziko onyango lokuqala.
Iinkonzo zempilo zonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala zixilonga zigonye ze zinyange izifo zengqondo eziqhelekileyo, futhi zenza namalungiselelo okuthumela iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ezinobunzima kumanqanaba afanele oko empilo yengqondo.
Zikho iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonyango lokuqala nonyango lwasesibhedlele lwabantwana, abafikisayo ebuntwini nabantu abakhulu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11517.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Inkonzo izama ukunceda omama notata abangafumani bantwana ukuba bakhawule babe nzima. Ingcebiso nolwazi luyanikezelwa mayela neendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo. Imbali yala maqabane iyathatyathwa zize neemvavanyo zenziwe. Kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, unyango lochumiso luyanikezelwa okanye kucetyiswe ngokuchasene nalo.
Inkonzo Engxamisekileyo Yokuthintela Ukukhulelwa ingancedisa ekuthinteleni ukukhulelwea okungalindelekanga.
Abantu basetyhini abangafuni kuqhubekeka nokukhulelwa kwabo banokukhetha ukukuphelisa oko kukhulelwa. Ukuqhomfa ungakhange uhlawule nesenti kuyafumaneka kwezinye iikliniki zoMbuso.
Le nkonzo ibonelela ngamacebiso malunga neqela leendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa, macebiso lawo abasetyhini, amadoda, umlisela nomthinjana banokuxhamla kuwo ekuthintelweni kokukhulelwa okungadingekiyo.
Le nkonzo ivuleleke kuwo onke amanina namadod angaphezu kweshum elinesine ubudala abakhe badlwengulwa okanye baxhatshazwa ngokwesondo. Umntu othe wasinda kwezi ntshukumo uthi anikwe unonophelo lwezonyango, olwengqondo nolunento yokwenza neenkundla kwiiklinkhi zeengcali zeli phondo.
Abantu basetyhini bayaboniswa ukuba bangawavavanya njani na amabele abo ukuze bafumanise amaqhuba anokuba ngunobangela womhlaza.
Umhlaza womlomo wesizalo nowamabele zezona ntlobo zimbini ziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kubafazi boMzantsi Afrika yaye bonkÃ†omama basemngciphekweni wokuhlunyelwa zezi ntlobo zomhlaza.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11530.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Isebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ineengcingo zomnxeba ukunceda abantu abafuna ezinye iinkcukacha ngokufudukela kweli okanye okanye abanemibuzo ngoMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezisuka kwiSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, ungaqhagamshelana noCingo lweSebe olungu: 0800 60 11 90.
Incwadi Yesazisi yincwadi yaseburhulumenteni esetyenziselwa ukuzazisa. Ilizwe ngalinye kufuneka likwazi ukubazi abemi balo. Amaziko abucala nakawonke-wonke nawo afuna ubungqina bokuba ungulo mntu uthi unguye(umzekelo, ukwenzela ukubhankisha nokuvota).
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika banamalungelo athile abathi abo bangengobemi beli bangabi nawo. Umzekelo, ilungelo:lokuvota, lokunikwa incwadana yokundwendwela, lokubuyela eMzantsi Afrika emva kokuhlala kwenye indawo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11532.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
ISebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya laphehlelela ngokusesikweni inkonzo yekhompyutha yokuqinisekiswa kobume bomtshato njengengxenyeyePhulo Lokuqinisekisa Ubume Bakho Bomtshato elaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeThupha. Le nkonzo ivulelwe ukunceda ekuthinteleni nasekuvezeni iimeko apho abemi boMzantsi Afrika batshatiswa bengazi kubemi bamanye amazwe. Amaqabane la asuka kumanye amazwe asebenzisa umtshato...
Xa utshata, unikwa isiqinisekiso somtshato esingahlawulelwayo. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana esinye isiqinisekiso somtshato ngosuku olusezayo, kufuneka: Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-13, Ulifake kwi-ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, Unikezele intlawulo.
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala kunye namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala abanakutshata ngaphandle kwemvume yabucala yaye nabani na ongaphantsi kwama-21eminyaka ubudala unokufumana imvume yabazali bakhe phambi kokuba abe uyatshata.
Izibini ezitshatileyo zingawuphelisa umtshato ngokuthi ziwuqhawule. Oku kuphelisa umtshato yaye abantu abaqhawule banokutshata kwakhona ngokusemthethweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11587.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
INkqubo yeDesika yoNcedo kwezoKhenketho iqaliselwe ukunikezela uncedo kubarhwebi kwezokhenketho. IDesika yoNcedo nganye kwezoKhenketho iphawula ngokudlamkileyo amathuba kunye nabarhwebi ekuqaliseni ukukhula kwezoKhenketho kwii-SMME ingakumbi kwimimandla esemaphandleni. Olu ncedo lulandelayo luya nikezelwa: Kugcinwe incwadi enoluhlu lwamagama abanikezeli benkxaso, amathuba oshishino, amathuba enkxaso-mali kunye neqela labalamli abanolwazi ngoku...
INkqubo Yokushishina ngezoKhenketho (TEP) linyathelo lokuqala leNgxowa-mali yezoShishino. Le nkqubo izalisekiswa ziinkampani nabantu abaqeshelwe oko leli phondo.
Ungasenza isicelo seemphawu zezokhenketho ukuba zimiselwe kufutshane nesibonelelo sakho sokhenketho. Iindidi ezintathu zesi sibonelelo zingasetyenziswa: Isibonelelo sokhenketho esiqulethe umtsalane kubakhenkethi, iinkonzo zokhenketho, indawo yokuhlala kunye neziganeko ezizodwa. Isibonelelo senkonzo yoluntu okanye inkonzo yoluntu jikelele equlethe izinto ezenza izihamba-ndlela ezininzi (ezinjengeziko lentengiso kummandla) kunye nezinto ezenza izihamba-ndlela...
ISebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noKhenketho kwiNkqubo yeShishini lezoKhenketho (TEP) lithabatha inxaxheba kwisiseko soluhlu oluneenkcukacha zoshishino lwabamnyama ngokusebenzisana noKhenketho eMzantsi Afrika. Olu luhlu luneenkcukacha luya kuqinisekisa ukuba la mashishini kuyashishinwa ngawo, ukuba afumana amanyathelo afanelekileyo kulwakhiwo lwezikhundla kwakunye nokuba afumana amathuba afanelekileyo kurhulumente.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11588.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Inkqubo yokudanjiswa kwendlala yasekwa ngurhulumente ekunciphiseni indlala eMzantsi Afrika. Icandelo lezokhenketho kwiSebe leMicimbi yeNdalo esiNgqongileyo noKhenketho lwabelwa ingxowa-mali yokuxhasa iiprojekthi eziluhlobo oluthile lwezokhenketho. Le ngxowa-mali ijolise:ekudaleni imisebenzi kuphuhliso lwezibonelelo zomsebenzi kwezokhenketho, ekuphuhliseni imveliso entsha kwezokhenketho, ekunikezeleni uqeqesho nolwakhiwo lwezikhundla, ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ezi projekthi ziyagcinakala ixesha...
ICandelo loMlawuli oyiNtloko: uPhuhliso lwezoKhenketho lunohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwarhoqo ngonyaka ekuxhaseni ngemali iiprojekthi ezinceda ekukhuliseni ishishini lezokhenketho. Oku kukhula kungabonwa ngeendlela ezininzi ezohlukeneyo, umzekelo, ngokudaleka kwamathuba emisebenzi, uqeqesho okanye uphuhliso lwezibonelelo zomsebenzi. Imfanelo yokufumana inkxaso-mali incinci phantsi koluhlu lwezinto ezikhoyo, ezinjengeenkampani okanye ii-NGO zeCandelo 21, neziqwalasele...
IProjekthi yeMfundiso ngezoKhenketho (TLP) linyathelo lokuqala leTrasti yoShishino neyasekwa ngenjongo yokukhawulezisa amalungiselelo emfundiso neenkqubo zezakhono ngembono yokunyusa umgangatho wenkonzo ebhetele nemveliso kwezokhenketho, ukubuka iindwendwe kunye nolondolozo lwamacandelo angaphantsi. I-TLP ijolise ekuphuculeni ulwazi nezakhono zabafundi.
I-SMEDP yinkqubo yokufumana umnikelo oyimali eziinkozo nokunikezelwa koncedo kushishino olunxulumene nezokhenketho eMzantsi Afrika. Uncedo lunikezelwa kwiiprojekthi ezintsha okanye ezandisiweyo. Oku kulandelayo yimizekelo yeeprojekthi ezinokuthi zonyulwe: Amashishini abonwa njengakudidi lwalawo abonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala zexeshana nje elingephi, umzekelo, iihotele, iindawo zokuhlala ofumana ibhedi nesidlo sakusasa, iiloji kunye...
IYunithi yoShishino lwezoKhenketho yeQumrhu loPhuhliso loShishino (IDC) ixhasa ngemali inkcitho yekapitali kumashishini okhenketho. Le mali iqwalasele kumashishini anikeza iindawo zokuhlala kubakhenkethi abanyanisekileyo kodwa ikwanabela nakwezinye iiprojekthi zokhenketho ezinekapitali enkulu ngenjongo yokuba nempembelelo enkulu ekukhuleni korhwebo lwezokhenketho.
INkqubo yoNcedo loRhwebo loKhenketho lweZizwe ngeZizwe (ITMAS) inikezela ngenxalenye yembuyekezo yamashishini kumaxabiso athile enzeke kwimisebenzi ejolise ekunyuseni umgangatho wezokhenketho eMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11590.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
UKhenketho, ukuBuka iiNdwendwe neMfundo ngezeMidlalo noGunyaziso lwezoQeqesho (THETA) inikeza inkonzo yoqinisekiso kubantu abathile okanye imibutho enikeza imfundo, uqeqesho kunye/okanye novavanyo kushishino lwezokhenketho. Abanikezeli abaqinisekisiwey badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwezokhenketho, umzekelo, abanikezeli boqeqesho novavanyo kwezokhenketho basetyenziswa kwinkqubo yobhaliso loonogada kwezokhenketho.
Ukuba ungathanda ukusebenzela inkampani, iclose corporation, inkampani ethutha abakhenkethi phantsi kwesibhambathiso okanye ke uqeshwe njengomkhokeli wabakhenkethi, okanye ke ukuba ufuna ukuba ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi ozimeleyo, kufuneka ubhalise kwi-ofisi yeli phondo yeSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11598.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Ukuba ukhubazekile, ungasifaka isicelo secwecwe lokupaka labaqhubi abakhubazekileyo kumaspala wakho. Eli cwecwe ke likuvumela ukuba upake kwiindawo zokupaka ezibekelwe bucala abaqhubi abakhubazekileyo yaye liyakukhupha wena kwimiqathango ethile yokupaka ngamaxesha athile.
Kufumeneka iphepha-mvume lesithuthi esithwala imithwalo enobungozi nezinye izithuthi. Imfuneko yamaphepha-mvume ixhomekeke kubukhulu nakubunjani bomthwalo lowo okanye isithuthi eso.
Umthetho umisela ukuba kufuneka imana ukuhlaziywa qho ngonyaka iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi sakho. Ngumsebenzi wakho wena njengomnini-sithuthi, kukuqinisekisa ukuba liyahlaziywa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe. Ukuba ngaba alihlaziywanga kuya kufuneka wohlwayiwe.
Bonke abaqhubi boMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba izithuthi akhangeleka njengecredit card. Eli phepha-mvume linikezelwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umqhubi ephumelele izifundo zokuqhuba.
Abanini-zimoto bangafaka isicelo xa befuna amaphepha-mvume eenombolo-mbhalo abazithandayo.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezimalunga nobhaliso lwezithuthi kufuneka udibane neziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi. Iingcombolo zesithuthi azinakukhutshwa kodwa zonke ezinye iinkcuckacha zingaqinisekiswa.
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kufuneka ube iphepha-mvume lokufunda ukuqhuba. Ulifumana eli phepha-mvume xa ufundela ukuqhuba isithuthuthu esibukhulu bungaphezulu kwe-125 CCs, inqwelo-mafutha, iminibus, isithuthi esincinci esithutha iimpahla, okanye isithuthi esikhulu xa ungaphezulu kwe-17 leminyaka ubudala. Ungalifumana iphepha-mvume lokufundela ukuqhuba izithuthu ezibukhulu bungange-50 CC ukuya...
Uluntu lungafaka izicelo zokusebenzisa indlela zikawonkewonke ekwenzeni imicimbi yalo ofana nemidlalo.
Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Abavelisi/abayili, abakhi nabo bazisa izithuthi kweli lizwe bangaziqhuba iimoto ezingabhaliswanga beziqhuba ngenombolo yokuthengisa izithuthi. Oku kuvumeleke kuphela...
Ukuqhuba iindidi ezithile zezithuthi kufuneka umntu abe nephepha-mvume elisemthethweni Lokuqhuba Ngobuchule ngaphezu kwaleyo anayo yokuqhuba.
Uluntu lungazifaka izicelo zokwenza imibniso-bhanyabhanya ezindleleni zikawonkewonke. Ukuvunywa kwesicelo kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye kwephondo na. Ungadibana neKomishini iCape Film okanye ii-ofisi zeZibonelelo zeNdlela zePhondo ukuze kubonwe ukuba ngaba indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye phantsi kwephondo kusini na.
Bonke abantu abafundisa ukuqhuba kufuneka babhalise. Ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokufundisa ukuqhuba, kufuneka kuthi kwakuphandwa kufunyaniswe ukuba awuzange wabandakanyeka kulwaphulo-mthetho, ufumane nencwadi kagqirha ngobume bempilo yakho, ze uluphumelele novavanyo lomntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise isithuthi ebesikhe safakelwa izinto, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso se-Weighbridge.
Ukuba ngaba inombolo yenjini yakho okanye yomzimba wesithuthi itshintshiwe, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso esinika ubungqina bokuba akukho khwiniba ngaphambi kokuba usibhalise isithuthi sakho.
Sonke isithuthi ezenziwe apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye eso senziwe kwelinye ilzwe ze sathunyelwa kweli kufuneka sibhaliswe ngaphambi kokuba sithunyelwe kwindawo yentengiso okanye sithengiswe.
Zonke izikhululo zokuhlola izithuthi kufuneka zibhaliswe zibekwe ngokomgangatho ngaphambi kokuba zifumane iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo zokuba zikulungele ukuba sendleleni.
Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuvula iziko eliza kujongana nokuhlola abantu abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, kufuneka ubhalise kuMphathiswa weZothutho.
Isiqinisekiso sokulungela indlela kwesithuthi singafumaneka kuso nasiphi na isikhululo sokuvavanywa kwezithuthi sabucala okanye saseburhulumenteni.
Abahloli beelayisenisi, abavavanyi bezithuthi, abahloli bamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, amagosa endlela nabaphathi kufuneka babhaliswe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.11604.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
UMaspala waseKapa waseka iNkonzo yeZothutho loLuntu elungiselelwe izithulu. Oku kujika abantu ananengxaki yokungeva kakuhle ngeendlebe ukuba bafumane iinkcukacha malunga nezothutho, umzekelo: amaxesha okuhamba kweebhasi, iindlela ezihamba ngazo kwakunye nezikhululo eziya kuzo, oko bekufumana ngokutsalela kwiminxeba yakwaTelkom kusetyenziswa isixhobo esincedisa ukumamela ekuthiwa yiTeldem. Ezi nkcukacha zifumaneka...
Inkonzo yothutho yeDial-a-Ride ilunguselelwe abantu abangenakho ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zothutho ngenxa yeemfuno zabo ezizodwa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.directories.services.17200.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kwinkonzo leyo xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo.
Le Nkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezixhobo Zolimo ke ijolise kuxhaseni amaqela, abantu kwakunye noluntu olukweli candelo lwezolimo oluhlala kwiingingqi ezazisakuhleleleka kwilixa elingaphambili.
I-LRAD ijolise kubantu abaMnyama, kwaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo, ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, kwaye akukho mfuneko yookuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha...
IPhulo loKhusleko loKutya, i-FSP lineenjongo zokunika inkonzo yenkxaso kuphela kumaqela abantu abavela kwiindawo ezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi phambili phaya abanomnqweno wokuziqalela izitiya zabo. Eli phulo liya kuyinika inkxaso-mali yokuqalisa iprojekthi leyo yokusungula isitiya yabahlali okanye ke neprojekthi.ISebe lezoLimo liya kunika amaqela angama-20 inkxaso-mali rhoqo ngonyaka ngamnye,...
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.jobs.how_to_apply.how_to_apply.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Azipapashwa zonke ngaphandle izithuba zemisebenzi karhulumente kumajelo osasazo. Ezinye izithuba zipapashwa ngaphakathi kurhulumente kuphela.
Izithuba eziphezulu, oko ke kukuthi, ezi zikwinkonzo yabalawuli abakhulu, kufuneka zipapashwe kwisizwe siphela, ngokwemimiselo elawula iinkonzo zoluntu. Ungakufumana okunye ngezi zithuba ziphezulu ngokuthi ufunde ngokwemimiselo incwadana ecacisa ngazo.
Inyathelo lokuqala xa ufaka isicelo sesithuba somsebenzi karhulumente kukugcwalisa iphetshana lesicelo sesithuba somsebenzi karhulumente, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Z83. Ungalitsala kwikhompyutha eli phetshana lesicelo, okanye ulifumane nakweyiphi na iofisi karhulumente.
Iphetshana lesicelo sesithuba somsebenzi waseburhulumenteni kufuneka ligcwaliswe kuyo yonke imisebenzi karhulumente, kumgangatho karhulumente wesizwe nowephondo. Izicelo zezithuba zemisebenzi ziye zingamkelwa ngaphandle kwephetshana u-Z83 eligcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo. IPalamente yeSizwe, IPalamente yePhondo leNtshona Koloni kwanoomaspala (urhulumente wedolophu) abalisebenzisi eli phetshana lesicelo somsebenzi.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuligcwalisa kakuhle eli phetshana lesicelo, kuya kufuneka ube nephepha elipapasha eso sithuba somsebenzi phambi kwakho ukuze ube neenkcukacha ezizizo, ezifana nenombolo yeso sithuba, isihloko sesithuba eso, kwanesebe elisipapashileyo, ukuze zigcwaliswe ku-"Part A" weli phetshana lesicelo.
Emva kokuba uligcwalisile iphetshana lesicelo eli, kufuneka ufake neCV yakho. Usenokucelwa ukuba ufake neekopi zeempepha ezingqina nayiphi na imfundo imfundo onayo okanye izidanga othe kwiCV yakho okanye kwelo phetshana unazo. Faka isicelo sesithuba somsebenzi eso (kwiphetshana u-Z83,iCV kwaneekopi ezingqina imfundo yakho) kwindawo exelwe kuloo mpapasho weso sithuba phambi komhla wokuvalwa.
Musa ukuthumela ezinye iinkcukacha okanye iimpepha emva kosuku lokuvalwa njengoko zingayi kunikwa ngqwalasela. Izithuba ziqhele ukupapashwa malunga nenyanga phambi kokuba zivalwe.
Emva kosuku lokuvalwa, zonke izicelo ziya kuqwalaselwa ze abafaki-zicelo abathile bachongelwe (bafakwe kuluhlu olufutshane) udliwano-ndlebe. Abo bachongelwe udliwano-ndlebe baya kutsalelwa iminxeba ukufikelela kwisivumelwano ngomhla wolo dliwano-ndlebe.
Ikomiti okanye igqiza labachongi lilo eliqhuba olu dliwano-ndlebe. Ngokwemimiselo yeenkonzo zoluntu, ikomiti leyo kufuneka ubuncinci ibe nabaqeshwa bakarhulumente abathathu, abakumgangatho womsebenzi olinganayo okanye ongaphezu kwalowo weso sithuba sipapashiweyo. Ikomiti yabachongi iya kuthi emva kokuba lugqitywe lonke udliwano-ndlebe ize nesiphakamiso sokuba kuthathwe bani kwabo bebefake izicelo zeso sithuba.
Ikomiti yabachongi kufuneka izigcine izizathu zesiphakamiso sayo. Esi siphakamiso sinokuphunyezwa okanye sikhatywe ngumntu onoxanduva namagunya amakhulu okuqesha, ekuthi ke kwisebe lephondo ibe yi-MEC yelo sebe. Kufuneka kunikezelwe izizathu apho isiphakamiso sikhatyiweyo.
Yonke ingqesho enezivumelwano zokusebenza ixesha elingaphezu konyaka imelwe kukuba nexesha lokuvavanywa apho emsebenzini.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.jobs.salaries.salaries.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Imivuzo yezithuba zemisebenzi yaseburhulumenteni iphantsi kolawulo lweBhunga Elixoxela Abasebenzi Baseburhulumenteni. Xa amanqanaba emivuzo kuvunyelwene ngayo, umsebenzi ngamnye uyavavanywa ze unikwe inqanaba lomvuzo (elikwabizwa ngokuba sisithuba). Umvuzo wesithuba esithile uqhele ukukhankanywa kwisibhengezo seso sithuba somsebenzi.
Umvuzo obhengeziweyo nochaziweyo kwizithuba zemisebenzi eqhelekileyo iqhele ukungazibandakanyi izibonelelo ezifana ezifana noncedo lwezonyango (oko ke kukuthi, ezi zibonelelo ziza ngaphezu komvuzo) kodwa ke kwizithuba zemisebenzi yelona nqanaba liphezulu kusoloko kunikezelwa "ngesithonga" somvuzo esiquka zonke ezi zibonelelo.
kwizithuba zemisebenzi esisigxina kwizithuba zemisebenzi yexeshana elingephi apho kungasetyenzwa ngaphezu kweeyure ezintlanu ngosuku kwizithuba zemisebenzi yexeshana elingephi (apho kungasetyenzwa ngaphezu kweeyure ezintandathu ngosuku).
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.tenders.closed.closed.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.topics.1127.1127.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Le nkonzo inikezelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngentsebenziswano neNkonzo Yethala Leencwadi yeNtshona Koloni. Amathala eencwadi ngamaziko olwazi kubantwana nabantu abadala. Uluntu lunakho ukufumana okanye luboleke iincwadi, iincwadi ezincedisa ekufundiseni, amacwecwe omculo, imiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, amacwecwe okugcina ulwazi, amaphepha-ndaba kwakunye namaphepha aveliswa ngamaxesha athile kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nabo.
Inkonzo yeWebPALS isebenzisana namathala eencwadi alawulwa nguRhulemente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni futhi awawaquki amathala eencwadi aphantsi kolawulo lweSixeko saseKapa.
Library Business Corners anikezela ngoku kulandelayo: Iincwadi, iimpepha, imiboniso bhanya-bhanya, amaphepha-ndaba ngamashishini asakhasayo, amaphepha engcaciso ngamashishini asakhasayo asuka kwimibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente, Ukufikelela kwizibonelelo ezifana neSmall Business Development Agency (iSEDA), Iimpepha-ngcaciso ngemibuzo yoshishino ebuzwa rhoqo, Indawo yokubeka ubonise amakhadi akho oshishino kwakunye...
Le webiste inikezela ngolwazi ngawo onke amathala eencwadi aphantsi kweSixeko saseKapa ndawonye neenkcukacha ngeenkonzo namaphulo ala mathala, afana Namacandelo Oshishino Akumathala Eencwadi, Amathala Eencwadi Ahamba-hambayo kwakunye namaphulo Okufundiswa Kwabantu Abadala.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.topics.16831.16831.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika yaye uhambela elinye ilizwe, kuza kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe. Imiqathango yokungena uMzantsi Afrika, Ngubani ekufuneka efake isicelo sephetshana londwendwela okwexeshana Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana Ukugaleleka eMzantsi Afrika,..?
Ukuzama ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwecesina emthubi, abahambi abanqumla imida yamazwe apho icesina emthubi igqugqisa khona kufuneka besigonyelwe esi sifo. Siyintoni iSiqinisekiso seCesina eMthubi Ingaba ukhona umntu ongenakuba nayo uCesina eMthubi, wenzeka ntoni xa ungenaso esi siqinisekiso Iingingqi zeCesina eMthubiSIYINTONI ISIQINISEKISO SOKUGONYELWA ICESINA..?
Ukuba ungathanda ukusebenzela inkampani, iclose corporation, inkampani ethutha abakhenkethi phantsi kwesibhambathiso okanye ke uqeshwe njengomkhokeli wabakhenkethi, okanye ke ukuba ufuna ukuba ngumkhokeli wabakhenkethi ozimeleyo, kufuneka ubhalise kwi-ofisi yeli phondo yeSebe Lophuhliso Loqoqosho.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.topics.6817.6817.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isicelo sephepha-mvume lokuqhuba, kufuneka ube iphepha-mvume lokufunda ukuqhuba. Ulifumana eli phepha-mvume xa ufundela ukuqhuba isithuthuthu esibukhulu bungaphezulu kwe-125 CCs, inqwelo-mafutha, iminibus, isithuthi esincinci esithutha iimpahla, okanye isithuthi esikhulu xa ungaphezulu kwe-17 leminyaka ubudala.
Bonke abaqhubi boMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba izithuthi akhangeleka njengecredit card. Eli phepha-mvume linikezelwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umqhubi ephumelele izifundo zokuqhuba.
Umthetho umisela ukuba kufuneka imana ukuhlaziywa qho ngonyaka iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba isithuthi sakho. Ngumsebenzi wakho wena njengomnini-sithuthi, kukuqinisekisa ukuba liyahlaziywa iphepha-mvume lakho lokuqhuba ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe. Ukuba ngaba alihlaziywanga kuya kufuneka wohlwayiwe.
Isiqinisekiso sokulungela indlela kwesithuthi singafumaneka kuso nasiphi na isikhululo sokuvavanywa kwezithuthi sabucala okanye saseburhulumenteni.
Bonke abanini-zithuthi kufuneka babhalise izithuthi zabo njengoko kumiselweyo ngokusemthethweni. Ukubhaliswa kwesithuthi kuye kugcinwe kwi-National Traffic Information System (NaTIS).
Ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuvula iziko eliza kujongana nokuhlola abantu abasafuna amaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, kufuneka ubhalise kuMphathiswa weZothutho.
Bonke abantu abafundisa ukuqhuba kufuneka babhalise. Ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokufundisa ukuqhuba, kufuneka kuthi kwakuphandwa kufunyaniswe ukuba awuzange wabandakanyeka kulwaphulo-mthetho, ufumane nencwadi kagqirha ngobume bempilo yakho, ze uluphumelele novavanyo lomntu ofundisa ukuqhuba.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezimalunga nobhaliso lwezithuthi kufuneka udibane neziko lobhaliso lwezithuthi. Iingcombolo zesithuthi azinakukhutshwa kodwa zonke ezinye iinkcuckacha zingaqinisekiswa.
Zonke izikhululo zokuhlola izithuthi kufuneka zibhaliswe zibekwe ngokomgangatho ngaphambi kokuba zifumane iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo zokuba zikulungele ukuba sendleleni.
Nokomethetho oyiNational Road Traffic Act, nawuphi na umntu ovelisa okanye othengisa iipleyiti zeenombolo-mbhalo zezithuthi kufuneka abe ubhalisiwe.
Ukuqhuba iindidi ezithile zezithuthi kufuneka umntu abe nephepha-mvume elisemthethweni Lokuqhuba Ngobuchule ngaphezu kwaleyo anayo yokuqhuba.
Ukuba ngaba inombolo yenjini yakho okanye yomzimba wesithuthi itshintshiwe, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso esinika ubungqina bokuba akukho khwiniba ngaphambi kokuba usibhalise isithuthi sakho.
Ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise isithuthi ebesikhe safakelwa izinto, kufuneka ufumane isiqinisekiso se-Weighbridge.
Uluntu lungazifaka izicelo zokwenza imibniso-bhanyabhanya ezindleleni zikawonkewonke. Ukuvunywa kwesicelo kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye kwephondo na. Ungadibana neKomishini iCape Film okanye ii-ofisi zeZibonelelo zeNdlela zePhondo ukuze kubonwe ukuba ngaba indlela leyo iphantsi komaspala okanye phantsi kwephondo kusini na.
Ngaphambo kokuba uthuthe abantu usenzela ukufumana inzuzo, kufuneka ube nalo iphepha-mvume lokuthutha uluntu.
Abanini-zimoto bangafaka isicelo xa befuna amaphepha-mvume eenombolo-mbhalo abazithandayo.
Kufumeneka iphepha-mvume lesithuthi esithwala imithwalo enobungozi nezinye izithuthi. Imfuneko yamaphepha-mvume ixhomekeke kubukhulu nakubunjani bomthwalo lowo okanye isithuthi eso.
Abahloli beelayisenisi, abavavanyi bezithuthi, abahloli bamaphepha-mvume okuqhuba, amagosa endlela nabaphathi kufuneka babhaliswe.
Abavelisi/abayili, abakhi nabo bazisa izithuthi kweli lizwe bangaziqhuba iimoto ezingabhaliswanga beziqhuba ngenombolo yokuthengisa izithuthi.
Sonke isithuthi ezenziwe apha eMzantsi Afrika okanye eso senziwe kwelinye ilzwe ze sathunyelwa kweli kufuneka sibhaliswe ngaphambi kokuba sithunyelwe kwindawo yentengiso okanye sithengiswe.
Uluntu lungafaka izicelo zokusebenzisa indlela zikawonkewonke ekwenzeni imicimbi yalo ofana nemidlalo.
This site contains information on NaTIS, eNaTIS and the credit card format driving licence conversion programme. It also contains statistics on vehicles, driver's licences, accidents and road signs.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.topics.7329.7329.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISixeko saseKapa sinekhalenda ehlaziywa rhoqo kwikhompyutha , nequka ezi ndidi zilandelayo zeziganeko: Imisebenzi yobugcisa nemidlalo yeqonga, Ukhuphiswano, Iimalike zemisebenzi yobugcisa, Ukonwatyiswa, Usapho, Ezempilo, Indlela yokuphila enempilo nenesiphiwo sokuyila, Iintlangano zobuhlobo, Ezenzululwazi nobuxhaka-xhaka Bobugcisa, Ezenkolo, Ezemidlalo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.10534.projects.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.10534.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.105833.14707.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
ICandelo loMlawuli woPhuhliso loRhulumente weeNgingqi onceda oomasipala ekwenzeni ulungiselelo namacebo okulwa imililo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.13312.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.13575.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.13575.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.305.305.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Lezempilo laseNtahona Koloni linika izigulana iinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo ezisemgangathweni nezifikelelekayo ngokwezimali.
Ukuze libe libe nokunikezela ngenkonzo yononophelo lwempilo esemgangasthweni kubo bonke abantu baseNtshona Kapa, iSebe Lezempilo lizinikele ekuekuqulunqeni isicwangciso-qhinga sexesha elide esibizwa ngokuba yiHealthcare 2010. Esi sicwangciso ke sinenjongo ekuphuculeni icandelo leenkonzo zononophelo lwempilo yoluntu eNtshona Koloni ukuze lijongane neenkonzo zomgangatho wokuqala, unonophelo wempilo yoluntu ekuhlaleni kwakunye nononophelo lokuthintela izigulo.
ISebe Lezempilo leli phondo lelinye lawona masebe amakhulu aseburhulumenteni kweli phondo yaye lifumana ama-27,9% (R5,7bn) ohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lweli phondo. Abantu abaninzi abaphila kweli phondo abanalo ukhuseleko lwezempilo yaye uninzi lwabantu (ama-66%) luxinene kwiNqila yeKapa (kwiKapa neziphaluka). Bamalunga ne-12 lezigidi abantu abatyelela amaziko ezempilo kweli phondo ngonyaka ze babe malunga nezigidi ezimbini nesiqingatha izigulana ezilaliswa kwizibhedlele zethu ngonyaka.
Neentlungu zomphwfumlo kwakunye nomthwalo weemeko ezingxamisekileyo.
INkqubo Yokuthintela Ukosuleleka Kosana Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo esuka Kunina yenye yeenkqubo eziphambili zeNtshona Koloni. Ngenyanga yoKwindla ka-2003 iSebe Lezempilo besele lizuze liyifumene yonke impumelelo yeli phulo kuzo zonke izithili zeli phondo ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu, yaye onke amanina abekhulelwwe ngoko abezimasa iinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo yokubeleka eziququzelelwe ngurhulumente kungoku nje ayafikelela kule nkqubo yokuthintelwa ukosuleleka kweentsana ezingekazalwa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo esuka koonina.
Iinkonzo ke zinikezelwa kuthotho lwamaziko kwimimandla emine yeli phondo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.315.315.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
IMiba yezoShishino ibonelela ngomkhomba-ndlela nolawulo IweSebe eli ngoMphathiswa kwaneNtloko yeSebe kwanenkxaso yolawulo kuwo onke amasetyana eli Sebe.
IMisebenzi yoLuntu ijongene nokwakhiwa kweendawo zoluntu kwanokuphuculwa, ukulungiswa nokugcinwa kweendawo esezikho zikwimeko eyamkelekileyo ngentsebenziswano namasebe azisebenzisayo. lkwajongene nolawulo lwecandelo lempahla yePhondo.
Iindlela zijongana nokwakhiwa nokugcinwa kweendlela eziphantsi kwephondo zikwimeko eyamkelekileyo kwanolawulo lwayo yonke imiba enento yokwenza namaphepha-mvume okuqhuba iimoto kwaneentlawlulo zokubhaliswa kwazo, kwakunye necandelo Iezithuthi eziziimoto zikarhulumente.
Ezothutho zibonelela ngeenkonzo zothutho lukawonkewonke kwanezixhobo zoko.
INkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu Lwasekuhlaleni isebenzisa iinkqubo ezinika amandla ukubonelela ngeenkqubo zophuhliso ekuhlaleni.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.325.325.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ngobambiswano kunye norhulumente womandla, ojongene noxanduva ngolulinganyo noomasipala abanempumelelo eNtshona ukukhuthaza nokuququzelela inkqubo ehlanganisiweyo nezinzileyo yokuhlalisa abantu ezindlwini eNtshona Koloni.
Funda okunye malunga nendlela esijongana ngayo nombandela obalulekileyo. Fumana iindaba zamva nje uze ukufumanisa ngendima esiyidlalayo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje.
Ungafumana olunye ulwazi ngomvuzo kaceba njengoko upapashiwe kwiGazethi zoRhulumente.
Ayingeniki mdla na into yokubona imifanekiso yezinye iiprojekthi iindaba neenkqubo?
Khangela indlela esingathwa iNtlekele kweli phondo. Into eyayenzeke kwixa elingaphambili kwanokuba zikhona na ezinye iintlekele esizisebenzayo.
Khangela ezinye izinto eziphathelele kwiMali-mboleko yeZindlu. Indlela yokwenza isicelo, inkqubo elandelwayo kwizicelo nendawo onokusifaka kuyo isicelo sakho.
Imimandla yamaPhandle azange yenzeke ngenxa yezenzo zangabom zorhulumente ukuze kudaleke iindawo ekuthiwa, yiColoured Reserves, kodwa yadaleka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo zembali. Olu xwebhu lukunika iinkcukacha malunganokuma kwemimandla ndawonye nenguqulelo zalo mimandla.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.406.public_entities.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Iziko loluntu yindawo ezimeleyo, iba nenxalenye ephethwe nguRhulumente okanye iphathwe nguRhulumente ngokupheleleyo. Yenza imisebenzi ethile yaye isebenza ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho othile. Amaziko oluntu angqamene neli candelo adweliswa ngokweentlobo zawo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.406.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.4184.4184.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe loKhuseleko loLuntu linombono wekamva apho abemi beNtshona Koloni bangenaloyiko lalwaphulo-mthetho.
Inkxaso kwezomsebenzi ukujongwa kwabantu abangekho kumkhosi nakwiinkonzo zobupolisa iziko lolwazi ngokhuseleko loluntu.
ISebe loKhuseleko loLuntu luluthathele kulo uLawulo lweMicimbi Yezendlela, luluhlutha kwiSebe leZothutho. Ngenxa yeli ziko lokunyanzeliswa kokuthotyelwa kwalo mthetho, iSebe eli liyakwazi ukulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho kwiindlela zethu futhi lisebenzele ukudala isizwe esikhuselekileyo. Eli Sebe lizinikele ekuphuhliseni ukhuseleko ezindleleni nokwazisa ngokhuseleko ezindleleni.
Eli Sebe lihlanganyela ukungenelela kokuliwa kolwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni kwibakala likarhulumente wephondo nelikamaspala likarhulumente. Imisebenzi yephondo kulo mlo iquka imisebenzi exhasa imibutho ebeka iliso ekuhlaleni kusiliwa ulwaphulo-mthetho, elwa ukungahanjwa kwesikolo ngabantwana, exhasa amaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho neyakha iimpawu zokomelela kwabantwana abasemngciphekweni. Amaziko amaninzi sele ewamkele amanyathelo eli sebe okuhlanganisa uluntu ekuhlaleni ukuba lulwe ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana kwanokuhlanganyela ukuxhasa amaqumrhu alwa ulwaphulo-mthetho asebenza ngokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana.
ISebe eli likwathabatha inxaxheba ekunikezeleni ngenkxaso kwezomsebenzi ngendlela yokubonelela ngoqeqesho kuMagosa Asebupoliseni kooMaspala, ukuncedisana neNkqubo yaMagosa Ajongana noLwaphulo-mthetho Ekuhlaleni, kwanokukhathalelwa ze kunikezelwe ngezixhobo ezizizo zokulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho kwiMibutho Ejongana noLawphulo-mthetho Ebumelwaneni.
Umsebenzi weSebe eli wokujongana nabantu abangengomalungu abupolisa okanye majoni ukuqinisekisa impucuko ekunikezelweni kweenkonzo kwiiNkonzo zobuPolisa zoMzantsi Afrika kwanokufumanisa iiMfuno zobuPolisa zePhondo kwanezona nto zibalulekileyo kusephezulu kuluhlu lwezinto ezibalulekileyo kwanamalinge okuqinisa ela Sebe sele ephuculwe.
ISebe eli likwaseke iZiko loLwazi ngoKhuselelo loLuntu, ukuqokelela nokuphonononga iinkcukacha ngolwaphulo-mthetho kwaneenkcukacha zeengozi zeendlela ukuzama ukuncedisa ekuphuhlisweni kwezicwangciso zokusebenza kwala malinge. Ezi zicwangciso ziya kusetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ubukho besizwe esikhuselekileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.4184.facilities.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zoncedo zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.4184.projects.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.4184.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.5001.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.5981.11498.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Xa usana lwakho okanye umntwana wakho ethe warhogola okanye wosulelwa yinto ethile (izicoci, izityalo namayeza njalonjalo) enokuba netyhefu tsalela uMnxeba weSibhedlele Sabantwana iRed Cross Wokunikezela Ingxelo Ngetyhefu kwinombolo ethi: 021 689 5227. Uya kunikwa iingcebis ziingcalii ngaloo nto nangeziphumo zayo obungenakuzilindela kananjalo ucetyiswe ngomawukwenze. Ucingo...
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.5981.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.5993.11505.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Zikho iinkonzo zabantwana nabantu abakhulu abazizigulane ezilaliswayo nezingalaliswayo, nkonzo ezo zifumaneka ngamaxesha apho ezo zigulane zilufuna kakhulu unyango naxa kukho imfuneko yokuba zinyangelwe bucala ukudlula kumaziko onyango lokuqala.
Zikho iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonyango lokuqala nonyango lwasesibhedlele lwabantwana, abafikisayo ebuntwini nabantu abakhulu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.5993.15020.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.6066.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.6072.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7461.17200.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Le Nkqubo Yophuhliso Lwezixhobo Zolimo ke ijolise kuxhaseni amaqela, abantu kwakunye noluntu olukweli candelo lwezolimo oluhlala kwiingingqi ezazisakuhleleleka kwilixa elingaphambili.
I-LRAD ijolise kubantu abaMnyama, kwaye iya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuba namathuba awongezelelekileyo okufumana imihlaba yolimo abaya kuthi bayisebenzise, ibe yeyabo, ngokuthi ibanike uncedo-mali. Olu ncedo-mali lukaRhulumente lukhutshwa simahla, kwaye akukho mfuneko yookuba lubuyiswe. Kambe ke, into elindelekileyo kukuba abo bafake izicelo mabafake isandla nabo ngokukhupha...
IPhulo loKhusleko loKutya, i-FSP lineenjongo zokunika inkonzo yenkxaso kuphela kumaqela abantu abavela kwiindawo ezazifudula zisingelwe phantsi phambili phaya abanomnqweno wokuziqalela izitiya zabo. Eli phulo liya kuyinika inkxaso-mali yokuqalisa iprojekthi leyo yokusungula isitiya yabahlali okanye ke neprojekthi.ISebe lezoLimo liya kunika amaqela angama-20 inkxaso-mali rhoqo ngonyaka ngamnye,...
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7605.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
EzoKhuselo noKhuseleko ziya kujongana neeNkonzo zamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika (SAPS), zikhuthaze kwanoniko-ngxelo kwiiNkonzo zamaPolisa zoMzantsi Afrika.
nophuhliso lwesicwangciso zokhuseleko, kusetyenziswa uphando lobunzululwazi ukukhuthazwa kokubekwa kweliso eluntwini ngabeeNkonzo zamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika ngokuthi bachonge izinto eziphambili ekubekeni iliso kwanemfuneko yokubandakanyeka koluntu ukubeka iliso ekuphunyezweni komgaqo-nkqubo nokuqhutywa kwenkonzo ngamaPolisa eeNkonzo zoMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuphucula ubudlelwane phakathi koluntu kunye neeNkonzo zamaPolisa oMznatsi Afrika, oko kusenziwa ngokusonjululwa kongquzulwano.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7605.facilities.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zoncedo zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7605.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7659.facilities.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zoncedo zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7803.7803.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iCandelo Lolawulo Lwamaphulo Ezindlu elilawula amaphulo okwakhiwa nokuthengwa kwezindlu neemali-mboleko zazo.
Ukulawula iphulo lezindlu yephondo kunye nezinto ezithe zavunywa. Ukulawula ulawulo lwemali-mboleko yephondo yezindlu.
iCandelo Elijongene Nokuqinisekiswa Kwamaphulo Ezindlu lijonge ukukhuthaza nokuququzelela amaphulo zezindlu. Linomsebenzi wokulawula zonke izicelo zephlou lezindlu ezifunyenwe leli sebe.
Omnye umsebenzi wecandelo elijongene nokuqinisekiswa kwamaphulo ezindlu kukwenza izigqibo malunga nezivumelwano zophuhliso lwezindlu.
iCandelo Lolawulo Lweemali-mboleko zezindlu kukusebenza iimali-mboleko zezindlu nokwenza intlawulo ekufuneka ihlawulwe. Likwajongene nokuphendula imibuzo ephathelele kwimali-mboleko likhuphe neenkcukacha ezifunwa ngabaxhamli..
Eli candelo lokwalawula imodyuli yemali-mboleko kunye nokukhupha imali yenkqubo iHousing Subsidy System, nesisikhundla seenkcukacha esisetyenziswa ngawo onke amasebe karhulumente woMzantsi Afrika kwaye lilawula iimali-mboleko zezindlu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7821.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana loPhuhliso lweeNdawo zokuHlala zabantu lijongene nokuqhutywa, ukukhuthazwa, ukunxityelelaniswa nokulawulwa kweendawo zabantu zokuhlala ezihlangeneyo, ulwakhiwo lwezindlu olungxamisekileyo, kunye nophuculo lweendawo zokuhlala zoogobityholo kwiphondo liphela.
UPhuhliso loLwakhiwo lweziNdlu kwiNtlalo lujolise ekukhuthazeni nokuqhuba ulwakhiwo lwezindlu zoluntu, eyindlela yokwakha elungiselelwe abantu abamivuzo iphantsi ukuya kwephakathi enikezelwa ngamaziko olwakhiwo lwezindlu kwaye inokungabandakanyi ukuba umntu afumane ubunini bendlu ngokukhawuleza. Eli candelo lincedisa kulwenziwo lwezicwangciso, izicwangciso zoshishino nochongo lomhlaba ofanelekileyo wophuhliso.
Ikwanxibelelana kwaye inxulumanisa namanye amasebe kunye noorhulumente boomasipala, ikhuthaza uphuhliso lolwakhiwo lwezindlu zoluntu oluhlangeneyo, kunye nokuqwalaselwa nokuphononongwa kwemeko yamaphulo olwakhiwo lwezindlu zoluntu.
Uphuhliso olulandela ubuyiso mhlaba lunika isikhokelo kuluntu olufaka amabango ngokunxibelelana noomasipala kunye nabanye abathathi nxaxheba kuphuhliso olulandela ubuyiso mhlaba apho umhlaba uthi ubuyiselwe kuluntu njengembuyekezo.
Ngokwesi sikhokelo, eli candelo likhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo ngokunxulumene nezoqoqosho lwasentlalweni, ukulingana ngokwasentlalweni kunye nemvelo engqongileyo.
Uphuculo lwendawo yokuhlala lujongene nophuculo lweendawo zamatyotyombe eNtshona Koloni, kwaye yeyona njongo iphambili kulwakhiwo lwezindlu kwisizwe siphela. Ikwanxibelelanisa iinkqubo zolwakhiwo lwezindlu ezingxamisekileyo ngokunika uncedo apho iimfuno zolwakhiwo lwezindlu olungxamisekileyo zithi zivele ngenxa yeentlekele zasendalweni kunye nezinye kunye nabantu abaphila phantsi kweemeko ezibuhlungu nezinoxinzelelo, njengeempuphuma.
Uphuhliso lwendawo yokuhlala lujolise ekukhuthazeni nokuqinisa indlela yokuhlala koluntu eNtshona Koloni ehlangeneyo nezinzileyo. Ikwalawula ukuhlala kwabantu ngokusemthethweni ngokukhangela ukuhlala ngokungekho mthethweni kwiiPropati zeZindlu zaseNtshona Koloni.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7821.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7821.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7911.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7931.7931.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ICandelo loqwalaselo nenkxaso lunoxanduva lokuqwalasele indlela abasebenze ngayo oomasipala, benika inkxaso nolawulo olululo.
Ukuphuhlisa nokumilisela isixokelelwano ukuqwalasela intlalontle ngokupheleleyo koomasipala.
Ukunikezela nokuqinisa inkxaso ekhethekileyo koomasipala, kubandakanya amangenelelo enkxaso, kodwa kungabandakanyi amangenelelo ecandelo lama-139.
Ukunika inkxaso koomasipala ukuqinisa uxhotyiso lwangaphakathi.
Ukunikezela ngenkxaso echanekileyo nefezekileyo ngokubanzi koomasipala.
Uxanduva lokuQwalaselwa kukaRhulumente woMmandla kukuqwalasela inguqu kumasipala, ukusebenza, kunye nentlalontle ngokubanzi. Iphuhlisa kwaye ikwamilisela isixhobo sokuqwalasela esipheleleyo.
INkxaso eKhethekileyo iqinisa inkqubo apho kukho inkxaso embaxa ebandakanya abathathi nxaxheba abohlukeneyo iyafuneka koomasipala.
Incedisa oomasipala ngenkxaso gabalala xa iqumrhu kunye/okanye ukuqhwalela kwezemali.
UXhotyiso lukaMasipala lujolise ekuqiniseni amaphulo oxhotyiso kumasipala. Lunoxanduva lokulawula nokumilisela uphuhliso looceba kunye neenkqubo zophuhliso kulawulo loomasipala.
Nikezeleni oomasipala ngenkxaso yolawulo oluphambili ukuze kuqinisekiswe uthotyelo ngokwemithetho yolawulo lwemali, imiqathango kunye nezakhelo zemigaqo nkqubo.
Nikezeleni oomasipala ngesikhokelo esisebenzayo, inkxaso kunye neenkonzo zabucala ngakwicala lentshayelelo, umiliselo, ulondolozo nokubalwa kweenkonzo ezingundoqo ezimahala.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.7949.7949.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISetyana lezoMthetho lijolise ekuqinisekiseni ngengcaciso ngezomthetho ngokunikezela ngesikhokelo nenkxaso.
Ukunikezela ngenkxaso yangaphakathi ngaphakathi kunye nenkxaso koomasipala eNtshona Koloni ukuqinisekisa ingcaciso ngezomthetho.
Ukuphuhlisa umthetho kamasipala kwiphondo.
Icandelo kwiNkxaso ngokwaseMthethweni lincedisa oomasipala ngoncedo ngokwasemthethweni.
Ukunikezela uncedo ekulungiseni nasekulawuleni imithetho yoomasipala kunye nemithetho yoomasipala esemgangathweni.
Ukumilisela intembeko kwiqumrhu loomasipala.
Ukuncedisa iinkqubo malunga nemithetho emitsha kunye nezihlomelo kwimithetho.
Ukulawula iziko lezomthetho.
Icandelo loPhuhliso lwezoMthetho lunoxanduva lokuphonononga imithetho eqhubayo ngoku kunye nophuhliso lwemigaqo nkqubo kunye nokubhalwa kwemithetho ngokunxulumene norhulumente wommandla. Eli candelo likwanoxanduva lokuhlenga hlengisa imithetho karhulumente wommandla.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8115.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8133.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8189.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8189.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8210.8210.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iNkonzo Yamathala Eencwadi eli Phondo lincedisa amathala eencwadi eli phondo ekunikezeleni ngeenkonzo kuluntu lweli phondo ngokubanzi.
Ngentsebenziswano, iNkonzo Yamathala Eencwadi yaseNtshona Koloni kwakunye noorhulumente bamakhaya banikezela ngeenkonzo zamathala eencwadi kubemi abangama-1,229,715 abangamalungu amathala eencwadi eli phondo. Ekupheleni kuka-2004, ayengama-309 amathala eencwadi ayesayanyaniswa nale Nkonzo Yephondo Yamathala Eecwadi. Malunga nama-26% abemi baseNtshona Koloni bangamalungu amathala eencwadi yaye iinkonzo zamathala eecwadi zeli phondo ziqhayisa ngamaziko azo akumgangatho olinganayo nalowo weenkonzo zamathala eencwadi ezikowona mgangatho uphezulu ehlabathini.
Uthotho lwempahla yamathala eencwadi inikezelwa kuluntu jikelele ngendlela yokubaboleka leli Candelo Leenkonzo Zamathala Eecwadi. Iincwadi, amaphepha-ndaba aphuma ngamaxesha athile, amaphepha-ndaba, amacwecwe omculo nawemiboniso bhanya-bhanya, amaphepha abhalwe zizifundiswa kwakunye namanye nje amaphepha okkwazisa ngale nknzo eluntwini ayanikezelwa. Abasebenzi bale Nkonzo ngabo abajongana nokuchongwa, ukufunyanwa, ukulungiswa, ukugcinwa kwakunye nokunikezelwa kwale mpahla koorhulumente bamakhaya ngokubaboleka.
Banikezele ngenkonzo ngenkonzo yokuthumela neyenkonzo yolwazi.
BVneze uphando malunga nokunikezelwa nokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zamathala eencwadi.
Abasebenzi bale Nkonzo yephondo Yamathala eencwadi bakwazibandakanya ekuncediseni ekugcinweni nasekuhlonitshweni kweenjongo zamathala eencwadi oluntu.
Amathala eencwadi oluntu zizixhobo zeenguqu nempucuko eluntwini yaye ayaqhubekeka ephuhlisa imfundo, inkcubeko, ukuzonwabisa, ukufunda nokubhala kwanokufikelela komntu wonke kulwazi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8228.8228.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iNkonzo Yamathala Eencwadi Yephondo leNtshona Koloni, ngentsebenziswano noorhulumente bamakhaya, inikezela ngenye yeenkonzo zamathala eencwadi akowona mgangatho uphezulu apha eMzantsi Afrika. Ekupheleni kuka-2003 inani elifikelela ku-263 lamathala eencwadi oluntu kwakunye namaziko angama-52 (engama-315 ewonke) ayesele ehlanganisiwe neNkonzo Yephondo Yamathala Eencwadi. Kwangeli xesha kwakusele kubhaliswe abantu abasi-1 221 265 njengamalungu ala mathala eencwadi. Malunga nama-26% abemi baseNtshona Koloni bangamalungu amathala eencwadi yaye iinkonzo zamathala eencwadi zeli phondo ziqhayisa ngamaziko nezixhobo zazo ezikumgangatho woompondo-zihlanjiwe kwiinkonzo zamathala eencwadi zehlabathi.
Uthotho lweencwadi nazo zonke nje ezinye izinto ezifumaneka kumathala eencwadi kuyabolekiswa ngazo kuluntu ngamathala eencwadi oluntu aphantsi kwecandelo Leenkonzo Zamathala Eencwadi. Ngaphandle kweencwadi, amaphepha aveliswa ngamaxesha athile, amaphepha-ndaba, amacwecwe, amacwecwe emifanekiso bhanya-bhanya kwakunye nezinye nje iimpepha ezinezibhalo ezikhutshwe zizifundiswa kukwabolekiswa ngazo apha kula mathala. Abasebenzi becandelo Leenkonzo Zamathala Eencwadi bajongana nokuchongwa, ukwamkelwa, ukulungiswa, ukugcinwa nokuhanjiswa kwale mpahla yamathala eencwadi koorhulumente bamakhaya ngokubolekiswa. Kukwaveliswa nempahla yamathala eencwadi yokwazisa ngala mathala simahla kumathala eencwadi oluntu.
Abasebenzi bamathala ephondo banikezela ngeengcebiso kubasebenzi nabaphathi bamathala eencwadi, banikezele ngenkonzo yokuphawula neyokwazisa, benze uphando ngokunikezelwa nokunokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zamathala eencwadi ze baphakamise nokusetyenziswa kwala mathala eencwadi kwakunye neencwadi zawo.
Abasebenzi becandelo Leenkonzo Zamathala Eencwadi Zephondo akwazibandakanya ekunikezele umkhondo ngokugcinwa nasekuhlonitshweni kwamathala eencwadi oluntu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8266.8266.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iKomiti Yeelwimi yaseNtshona Koloni inoxanduva lokuqinisekisa (phakathi kwezinye izinto) ukulingana kweelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kweli phondo, ngeenjongo zokuphakamisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo zonke ezi lwimi, ukuphuhlisa iilwimi zeli lizwe ebezisoloko zisengelwa phantsi.
Owona msebenzi weCandelo Leelwimi kukuthi ngendlela efanelileyo nesemgangathweni ixhase iKomiti Yeelwimi yeNtshona Koloni ukuqinisekisa ukuba le Komiti iwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wayo ewunikwe ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuphehlelelwa koMgaqo-nkqubo Weelwimi weNtshona Koloni ngenyanga yoMdumba ngo-2005 kukhokelele ekubeni iCandelo Leelwimi libe liza kuncedisa amanye amasebe karhulumente wephondo ngokufezekiswa kwemimiselo ylao mgaqo-nkqubo.
Ukukhutshwa nokufezekiswa komgaqo-nkqubo wephondo weelwimi.
Iveki yokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo eqhutywa minyaka le ejoliswe ekwaziseni nasekuhlonitshweni koluntu olusebenzisa iilwimi ezahlukeneyo eNtshona Koloni.
Umboniso ohambayo woncwadi nojoliswe ekwaziseni ngababhali baseMzantsi Afrika ababhala ngezi lwimi zintathu zisetyenziswa kweli phondo. Eli phulo lenziwa ngentsebenziswano necandelo Lesizwe Leenkonzo Zeelwimi.
Amalungu eButho Lesizwe Leelwimi akwancedisa kwicandelo Lesizwe Leenkonzo Zeelwimi ukudala indibano apho imiba yeelwimi iya kushukuxwa khona kwinqanaba lesizwe.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8266.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8266.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8284.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8308.publications.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ushicilelo neempepha zona zidweliswa ngokoshicilelo olo.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8937.facilities.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zoncedo zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8955.facilities.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zoncedo zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8973.facilities.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zoncedo zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.8991.facilities.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zoncedo zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.9009.facilities.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo zoncedo zidweliswa ngokwamabakala.
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.9081.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_gov.9135.services.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
| IMIBUZO Sibuze nje wena: questions@capegateway.gov?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Xho.your_life.10142.10142.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
iNkundla Ejongene Nezindlu Eziqeshisayo inikezela ngeenkonzo ezisimahla kubaqeshi bezindlu kunye nabaqeshisi kwiPhondo lonke leNtshona Koloni. Ukuxoxwa kwamatyala kunye nolamlo lubanjwa ngethutyana nje elifutshane emva kokwenziwa kwesikhalazo.
Ezi ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabantu abahlala kwiindaw abaziqeshileyo nabaqeshe iindawo zokuhlala kubanini-mihlaba okanye kwabo basebenzela abo banini-mihlaba.
Ezi ke ziinkcukacha ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabanini-mihlaba abaqeshisa ngezakhiwo ukuze kuhlale abanye abantu.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.10534.projects.14959.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo msebenzi xa ufuna iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Iphulo iCape Access lijoliswe ekwabelaneni ngeenzuzo zobugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano kuzo zonke iindawo zaseNtshona Koloni. ICape Access le liphulo elijolise eluntwini nelibona ubugcisa bolwazi nonxibelelwano njengesixhobo esinokwakha ulwazi ze futhi sidale namathuba. Ngeli phulo, uluntu ekuhlaleni lunikwa amathuba okufikelela kwiikhompyutha ne-internet, ndawonye nezakhono zokusebenzisa la mathuba...
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.10534.services.7299.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Abemi baseNtshona Koloni kungoku nje banokufikelela kulwazi lukarhulumente wephondo, owesizwe nabamakhaya ngokusebenzisa iziko iCape Gateway onokulindwedwela, iziko leminxeba okanye utyelele iwebsite yabo. iCape Gateway le yinkonzo apho unokufumana bonke ubucukubhede beenkcukacha ngothotho lweenkonzo, amaphulo nazo zonke ezinye iintshukumo zikarhulumente. Futhi ukuba ulwazi oludingayo alufumaneka ngexesha...
Kukho intlaninge yamaziko kwilizwe lonke nakumaphondo, maziko lawo ajongana nobuqhetseba norhwaphilizo kurhulumente. Iziko ngalinye kula lijongana neentlobo ezithile zamatyala...
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.185.services.11453.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Nawuphi na umntu onqwenelela ukuthengisa, ukwenza nokuhambisa utywala ngokwasemthethweni ngokomthetho kufuneka abe nephepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala.
Ukuba usomashishini othengisa utywala uthi aphaamisane nabanye abantu, oku kunokuthi kanti akuhambiselani nomthetho iLiquor Act okanye ke imiqathango yelo phepha-mvume. Kusenokufakwa isikhalazo emapoliseni, aya kuthi ke wona amthathele amanyathelo loo somashishini. Kwingingqi apho kukho khona umbutho wasekuhlaleni, umzekelo, iqoqo lamapolisa asekuhlaleni okanye umbutho wabahlawuli berhafu...
Unakho ukungasamkeli isicelo sephepha-mvume lotywala.
Uluntu kudingeka ukuba lwazi ngezicelo zamaphepha-mvume otywala aphantsi koqaphelisiso ukuze lukwazi ukudwelisa inkcaso. IBhodi yoTywala yeNtshona-Koloni ngoko ipapasha uludwe lwezicelo ezingenileyo ngenyanga nganye.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.406.services.27438.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Zeziphi Iinkxaso-mali Zecandelo Lemicimbi Yendalo Engqongileyo & Nocwangciso Lophuhliso Ezinikezelwa Ngurhulumente weli Phondo Ingaba Yintoni Ehlawulelwayo yile Nkxaso-mali Yokufunda Ingaba Kuya Kufuneka Ndiyibuyise okanye Ndisebenzele Ukuyibuyias le Nkxaso-mali Ngubani Onokufaka Isicelo sale Nkxaso-mali Ndingasifaka Njani Isicelo Ndingalufumana Phi Ulwazi Olupheleleyo..?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.4184.services.11460.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Okwangoku, akukabikho nombolo inye yexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika. Ngoko ke kufuneka utsalele uthotho lweenombolo ezahlukeneyo xa ufuna iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zamaxesha kaxakeka, ngaphandle kokuba ke ukwingingqi yenqila yeSixeko saseKapa, esele inayo inombolo yayo enye yamaxesha kaxakeka engu-107.
Ukuba ulixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungenzakala ngokwasemphefumlweni. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, isikhululo samapolisa yayingeyondawo apho amaxhoba, ingakumbi kulwaphulo-mthetho lobundlobongela, anokuziva ekhululekile xa egqithisa ingxelo yawo kumapolisa, okanye indawo abanokuthi bafumane uncedo lonyango ekonzakaleni ngokwasemphufumlweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.4184.services.11463.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Uqeqesho Lwabantu Abaselula Kwizakhono Zobomi iChrysalis Academy inikezela ngenkqubo yokuthintelwa kolwaphulo-mthetho ekuhlaleni, ijolise "kulutsha olusemngciphekweni". Injongo yale nkqubo ke kukuxhobisa abantu abaselula ukuba bakwazi ukumelana noboni babo kwanokubanika izixhobo zokukwazi ukuthabatha inxaxheba kuqoqosho ze babe ngabona bantu babonisa ithemba lempucuko kuluntu olukwiingingqi oluhlala kuzo Le nkqubo iya kubathatha,...
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.4771.services.11530.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Isebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya ineengcingo zomnxeba ukunceda abantu abafuna ezinye iinkcukacha ngokufudukela kweli okanye okanye abanemibuzo ngoMthetho Wokufudukela Kweli ka-2002.
Ukuba ufuna iinkcukacha ezisuka kwiSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, ungaqhagamshelana noCingo lweSebe olungu: 0800 60 11 90.
Incwadi Yesazisi yincwadi yaseburhulumenteni esetyenziselwa ukuzazisa. Ilizwe ngalinye kufuneka likwazi ukubazi abemi balo. Amaziko abucala nakawonke-wonke nawo afuna ubungqina bokuba ungulo mntu uthi unguye(umzekelo, ukwenzela ukubhankisha nokuvota).
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika banamalungelo athile abathi abo bangengobemi beli bangabi nawo. Umzekelo, ilungelo:lokuvota, lokunikwa incwadana yokundwendwela, lokubuyela eMzantsi Afrika emva kokuhlala kwenye indawo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.4771.services.11532.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
ISebe Lemicimbi Yekhaya laphehlelela ngokusesikweni inkonzo yekhompyutha yokuqinisekiswa kobume bomtshato njengengxenyeyePhulo Lokuqinisekisa Ubume Bakho Bomtshato elaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeThupha. Le nkonzo ivulelwe ukunceda ekuthinteleni nasekuvezeni iimeko apho abemi boMzantsi Afrika batshatiswa bengazi kubemi bamanye amazwe. Amaqabane la asuka kumanye amazwe asebenzisa umtshato...
Xa utshata, unikwa isiqinisekiso somtshato esingahlawulelwayo. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana esinye isiqinisekiso somtshato ngosuku olusezayo, kufuneka: Kufuneka ugcwalise iphetshana lesicelo u-BI-13, Ulifake kwi-ofisi ekufutshane nawe yeSebe Lemicimbi yeKhaya, Unikezele intlawulo.
Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ubudala kunye namantombazana angaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala abanakutshata ngaphandle kwemvume yabucala yaye nabani na ongaphantsi kwama-21eminyaka ubudala unokufumana imvume yabazali bakhe phambi kokuba abe uyatshata.
Izibini ezitshatileyo zingawuphelisa umtshato ngokuthi ziwuqhawule. Oku kuphelisa umtshato yaye abantu abaqhawule banokutshata kwakhona ngokusemthethweni.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.4771.services.11594.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Abantu abaninzi abangengobemi boMzantsi Afrika abanqwenela ukundwendwela uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka babe nephepha-mvume lokundwendwela lexeshana elisebenzayo. Eli phepha-mvume lixela iinjongo kwanexesha eliza kuthatyathwa lolu ndwendwe. Imiqathango yokungena uMzantsi Afrika, Ngubani ekufuneka efake isicelo sephetshana londwendwela okwexeshana Ungasifaka phi isicelo sephetshana lokundwendwela okwexeshana Ukugaleleka eMzantsi Afrika,..?
Ukuba ungummi woMzantsi Afrika yaye uhambela elinye ilizwe, kuza kufuneka ube nencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.4810.services.7296.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Ukususela kwinyanga kaCanzibe ngo-2003, bonke abasebenzi basemakhitshini abasebenza iiyure ezingaphaya kwama-24 ngenyanga kufuneka babhaliselwe I-UIF. Oku kuquka abasebenza ngamaxesha athile kunye nabo basebenza isigxina.
Abaqeshwa abangamakhosikazi banelungelo lekhefu lokuya kubeleka leenyanga ezine. Eli khefu lingaqala kwiiveki ezine phambi kosuku umntwana alindeleke ngalo futhi umqeshwa akanakunyanzeliswa ukuba abuyele emsebenzini de agqibe iiveki ezintandathu emva kokufumana umntwana lowo.
Iyintoni iNgxowa-mali Yokhuseleko Lwabangasaphangeliyo Ingxowa-mali le ibanceda njani abaqeshwa Abasebenzi bangafaka ibango lemali engakanani Ungasifumana isongezelelo xa sele uzisebenzisile izibonelelo zakho..?
Abasebenzi abonzakele okanye abathe bahlaselwa sisifo ngenxa omsebenzi wabo banakho ukufaka ibango lemali esuka kwiNgxowa-mali Yembuyekezo. Iintsapho zabo nazo zinakho ukufaka amabango ukuba umntu obebonelela ngenkxaso nokuphila kwamalungu azo uthe wasutywa kukufa ngenxa yesifo okanye ukonzakala akufumene emsebenzini. Ngubani onokufaka ibango Ngubani onokufaka imali kule Ngxowa-mali..?
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.4977.services.11444.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
IZiko leMveliso Ethengiselwa Amazwe Angaphandle lamiselwa kuMzantsi Kapa ukunyusa umgangatho wemveliso ephuma kule ngingqi. Imiswe kwi- Ziko Loshishino loMzantsi Kapa eGeorge, Ziko elo likhuphela imveliso kumazwe angaphandle linikezela abo bathengisela amazwe angaphandle abakhasayo nabasele bekhona ngengcebiso exabisekileyo kwakunye nolwazi lorhwebo.
Xa uRhulumente weSizwe ethetha-thethana ngezivumelwano zorhwebo olutsha, aBaphathi beSebe loPhuhliso lezoRhwebo basasaza ulwazi ngezivumelwano kwabo bathengisela amanye amazwe imveliso yeli nakumanye amaqela anomdla. Ukongeza ekunikezeleni umsebenzi obhaliweyo ngezivumelwano zorhwebo, aba baphathi baphinda buqhubae amagumbi okusebenzela.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.5936.services.11505.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Zikho iinkonzo zabantwana nabantu abakhulu abazizigulane ezilaliswayo nezingalaliswayo, nkonzo ezo zifumaneka ngamaxesha apho ezo zigulane zilufuna kakhulu unyango naxa kukho imfuneko yokuba zinyangelwe bucala ukudlula kumaziko onyango lokuqala.
Zikho iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonyango lokuqala nonyango lwasesibhedlele lwabantwana, abafikisayo ebuntwini nabantu abakhulu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.595.services.11495.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
ULawulo oluHlanganyelweyo lweziGulo zaBantwana lusekwe liCandelo lezeMpilo yaBantwana noPhuhliso, loMbutho wezeMpilo kaZwelonke kunye neUNICEF. Le Nkonzo ithe yaziswa kumazwe angaphezulu kwama-30 kulo lonke eli limiweyo ukujongana nokugula kwanokufa kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu. Obu buchule bugxile kumntwana ephelele, andaweni yokuqwalasela isifo esinye okanye imeko enye. Abantwana...
Le nkonzo ijolise ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni abantwana ukusekela ekuzalweni ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-14 ubudala, abebephatheke gadalala ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwesondo nangokwasemphefumlweni, kwanabo bangahoyekanga. Abantwana ekurhaneleka ukuba bakhe baphathwa gadalala, bangasiwa kwikliniki yonyango apho baya kuxilongwa khona ukuqonda isifo abanaso, baze bafumane iingcebiso malunga naso. Umongikazi wasekliniki okanye ugqirha...
Oomama/abagcini babantwana bayacetyiswa ukuba base iintsana zabo ezisandul' ukuzalwa kwiikliniki zononophelo lwesigaba sokuqala ukuze ziye kuhlolwa njengesiqhelo. Ukuphuhla, Ukukhula ukuhlolwa kokuphuhla komntwana kwenziwa njengento yesiqhelo ngamaxesha okutyelelwa kweklinikhi ukuza kugonywa. Ukuhlolelwa ukukhubazeka okubonakala ngokuphujla komntwana kuvela amatyeli amathathu, xa umntwana...
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.595.services.11504.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Kucingeleka ukuba abantwana abali-150000 abazalwayo ngonyaka emZantsi Afrika bachatshazelwa ziziphene zokuzalwa kwezona ndawo zibalulekileyo okanye iziphazamiso zemvelo ngethuba beneminyaka emihlanu.
Amantombazana akhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini bathunyelwa kwiinkonzo zobunina okanye amaCandelo okuBelekisa (Ii-MOU) kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, nakwiikliniki ezixhomekeke kwezinye okanye ezisisigxina ezilalini. La maCandelo ngamacandelo okubelekisa aqhutywa ngababelekisi babaguli bezonyango kwindawo akuyo. Kucetyiswa oomama abakhulelweyo ukuba benze izicelo zokubekelwa iindawo kutyelelo lokuqala ekliniki phambi kweeveki ezingama-20 okanye nje...
Oomama bangabelekela kwiikliniki ezisisigxina okanye kumaCandelo okuBelekisa, aqhutywa ngababelekisi ekuhlaleni kubaguli bamaziko ezonyango. Ukuba kuthe kwakho iingxaki ngethuba lokubeleka, baya kuthi bathunyelwe kwisibhedlele esingentla. Oomama abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo bangazibandakanya nenkonzo Yokuthintelwa Kokudluliselwa Kwentsholongwane Ukusuka Kunina Ukuya Elusaneni 1/1.
Iinkonzo zasemva kokubeleka ziyafumaneka emva kokuba umama nosana lwakhe olusandul' ukuzalwa bekhululwe kwiCandelo lokuBelekisa okanye ekliniki. Oku kusoloko kusenzeka emva kweeyure ezintandathu usana luzelwe ukuba umama nosana basempilweni entle.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, kunye nonyango loko.
Ukuthintelwa kweempawu ezibonisa ukungalungi kosana olungekazalwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kotywala, okanye iFAS (ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolunokuthintelwa lobulwelwe ngenqondo ehlabathini, kodwa nangona kunjalo, yeyona ngxaki yezempilo uluntu lweNtshona Kapa olujongene nayo.
Abafazi abayeka ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kwexesha elililo (ngaphambi kobudala obungama- 45 eminyaka) okanye abakwixesha lokuyeka kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu ezibagungqisayo, banakho ukufumana uphononongo koogqirha bomama kwakunye nokuxilongwa. Uvavanyo lwencindi lungenziwa ukuze kubekho izigqibo zonyango. Oomama bangacela ingcebiso ukuze bakwazi ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela yonyango iphucukileyo.
Amakhosikazi kunye neentombi eziya exesheni emva kweveki okanye nangaphezulu kwelo lesiqhelo bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwenziwa uvavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ezi mvavanyo zenziwa mahala kwiindawo zoncedo lwezempilo. Ukanti, azisoloko zisenziwa. Izixhobo zovavanyo lokukhulelwa zingathengwa ekhemesti.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.595.services.11575.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Zonke izenzo zokudluliselwa komntwana kubanye abazali kufuneka zigcinwe kuvimba wokuzalwa kwabantwana ukuba abazali abafaka isicelo sokunikwa umntwana bayacela.
Njengomntwana odluliselwe kubazali abatsha, unakho ukuqalisa ukhangele abazali bakho bemvelo ukuba ungaphezu kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala. Ukuba uphakathi kweshumi elinesibhozo namashumi amabini ananye eminyaka ubudala, kuya kufuneka ufumane imvume ebhalwe phantsi esuka kubazali bakho bemboleko. Ukuba ungaphaya kwamashumi amabini ananye eminyaka ubudala ungabakhangela abazali bakho...
Bobabini abazali banoxanduva olusemthethweni lokuxhasa umntwana.
Ukunikezela umntwana ukuba akhuliswe ngabanye abazali yindlela esemthethweni yokuqhawula ikhonkco elihlanganisa abazali bemvelo nomntwana wabo.
Ukuba inkundla iyalele umzali ukuba ahlawule inkxaso-mali yesondlo somntwana, kululwaphulo-mthetho ukungahlawuli.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.5993.services.11505.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Zikho iinkonzo zabantwana nabantu abakhulu abazizigulane ezilaliswayo nezingalaliswayo, nkonzo ezo zifumaneka ngamaxesha apho ezo zigulane zilufuna kakhulu unyango naxa kukho imfuneko yokuba zinyangelwe bucala ukudlula kumaziko onyango lokuqala.
Zikho iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zonyango lokuqala nonyango lwasesibhedlele lwabantwana, abafikisayo ebuntwini nabantu abakhulu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.68135.services.27683.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Izibheno kwizigqibo zeSebe, kuquka Amaxwebhu Aneenkcukacha Zesigqibo ekufikelelwe kuso ngokweMimiselo Yokuhlolwa Kokungqubana neNdalo Engqongileyo (Izaziso zikaRhulumente EziNombolo ingu 1182 nengu 1183 yomhla we-5 kweyoMsintsi ka-1997) njengokuba yafakwa izilungiso (iMimiselo ye-EIA), KUFUNEKA zingeniswe kuMphathiswa iMiba yeNdalo Engqongileyo noCwangciso loPhuhliso, hayi kwiSbe ngokwalo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.8115.services.11438.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Isidingo sokuba kuhlenga-hlengiswe eli candelo lomculo sabonwa ziimvumi ezazikhathazwayo yile meko, kodwa ke zazingafumani nkxaso kurhulumente ngaphambili. Ukugula kukaMnumzana Robbie Jansen, sisthwalandwe somculo opholileyo saseKapa, wathi kwakhona waphakamisa izimvo zeemvumi. Ezi zikhalazo ke zaziquka: amalungelo eemvumi,, ukusekwa kwengxowa-mali yenkxaso, kwakunye, ukungafumani mhlala-phantsi neenzuzo zonyango kweemvumi.,...
Uncedo-mali luyafumaneka ngemisebenzi yobuchule nenkcubeko eyenziwa yimibutho yezenkcubeko. Imisebenzi le kufuneka ijongane nophuhliso lwemveliso nezixhobo zotyelelo lwezenkcubeko nolobutyebi.
Uncedo lwezimali luyafumaneka ngemisebenzi yobuchule nenkcubeko eyenziwe yimibutho yezenkcubeko. Imisebenzi le kufuneka igxininise kuphuhliso, ukugcinwa nokukhula kwenkcubeko nobutyebi.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Your_gov.8115.services.11441.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Cofa kuloo nkonzo ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo.
Le nkonzo inikezelwa ngoorhulumente beedolophu ngentsebenziswano neNkonzo Yethala Leencwadi yeNtshona Koloni. Amathala eencwadi ngamaziko olwazi kubantwana nabantu abadala. Uluntu lunakho ukufumana okanye luboleke iincwadi, iincwadi ezincedisa ekufundiseni, amacwecwe omculo, imiboniso-bhanya-bhanya, amacwecwe okugcina ulwazi, amaphepha-ndaba kwakunye namaphepha aveliswa ngamaxesha athile kwithala leencwadi elikufutshane nabo.
Inkonzo yeWebPALS isebenzisana namathala eencwadi alawulwa nguRhulemente wePhondo leNtshona Koloni futhi awawaquki amathala eencwadi aphantsi kolawulo lweSixeko saseKapa.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Yourgovernment.gsc.305.305.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Lezempilo laseNtahona Koloni linika izigulana iinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo ezisemgangathweni nezifikelelekayo ngokwezimali.
Ukuze libe libe nokunikezela ngenkonzo yononophelo lwempilo esemgangasthweni kubo bonke abantu baseNtshona Kapa, iSebe Lezempilo lizinikele ekuekuqulunqeni isicwangciso-qhinga sexesha elide esibizwa ngokuba yiHealthcare 2010. Esi sicwangciso ke sinenjongo ekuphuculeni icandelo leenkonzo zononophelo lwempilo yoluntu eNtshona Koloni ukuze lijongane neenkonzo zomgangatho wokuqala, unonophelo wempilo yoluntu ekuhlaleni kwakunye nononophelo lokuthintela izigulo.
ISebe Lezempilo leli phondo lelinye lawona masebe amakhulu aseburhulumenteni kweli phondo yaye lifumana ama-27,9% (R5,7bn) ohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lweli phondo. Abantu abaninzi abaphila kweli phondo abanalo ukhuseleko lwezempilo yaye uninzi lwabantu (ama-66%) luxinene kwiNqila yeKapa (kwiKapa neziphaluka). Bamalunga ne-12 lezigidi abantu abatyelela amaziko ezempilo kweli phondo ngonyaka ze babe malunga nezigidi ezimbini nesiqingatha izigulana ezilaliswa kwizibhedlele zethu ngonyaka.
Neentlungu zomphwfumlo kwakunye nomthwalo weemeko ezingxamisekileyo.
INkqubo Yokuthintela Ukosuleleka Kosana Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo esuka Kunina yenye yeenkqubo eziphambili zeNtshona Koloni. Ngenyanga yoKwindla ka-2003 iSebe Lezempilo besele lizuze liyifumene yonke impumelelo yeli phulo kuzo zonke izithili zeli phondo ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu, yaye onke amanina abekhulelwwe ngoko abezimasa iinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo yokubeleka eziququzelelwe ngurhulumente kungoku nje ayafikelela kule nkqubo yokuthintelwa ukosuleleka kweentsana ezingekazalwa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo esuka koonina.
Iinkonzo ke zinikezelwa kuthotho lwamaziko kwimimandla emine yeli phondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Yourgovernment.gsc.305.X.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
ISebe Lezempilo laseNtahona Koloni linika izigulana iinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo ezisemgangathweni nezifikelelekayo ngokwezimali.
Ukuze libe libe nokunikezela ngenkonzo yononophelo lwempilo esemgangasthweni kubo bonke abantu baseNtshona Kapa, iSebe Lezempilo lizinikele ekuekuqulunqeni isicwangciso-qhinga sexesha elide esibizwa ngokuba yiHealthcare 2010. Esi sicwangciso ke sinenjongo ekuphuculeni icandelo leenkonzo zononophelo lwempilo yoluntu eNtshona Koloni ukuze lijongane neenkonzo zomgangatho wokuqala, unonophelo wempilo yoluntu ekuhlaleni kwakunye nononophelo lokuthintela izigulo.
ISebe Lezempilo leli phondo lelinye lawona masebe amakhulu aseburhulumenteni kweli phondo yaye lifumana ama-27,9% (R5,7bn) ohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lweli phondo. Abantu abaninzi abaphila kweli phondo abanalo ukhuseleko lwezempilo yaye uninzi lwabantu (ama-66%) luxinene kwiNqila yeKapa (kwiKapa neziphaluka). Bamalunga ne-12 lezigidi abantu abatyelela amaziko ezempilo kweli phondo ngonyaka ze babe malunga nezigidi ezimbini nesiqingatha izigulana ezilaliswa kwizibhedlele zethu ngonyaka.
Neentlungu zomphwfumlo kwakunye nomthwalo weemeko ezingxamisekileyo.
INkqubo Yokuthintela Ukosuleleka Kosana Yintsholongwane kaGawulayo esuka Kunina yenye yeenkqubo eziphambili zeNtshona Koloni. Ngenyanga yoKwindla ka-2003 iSebe Lezempilo besele lizuze liyifumene yonke impumelelo yeli phulo kuzo zonke izithili zeli phondo ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu, yaye onke amanina abekhulelwwe ngoko abezimasa iinkonzo zononophelo lwempilo yokubeleka eziququzelelwe ngurhulumente kungoku nje ayafikelela kule nkqubo yokuthintelwa ukosuleleka kweentsana ezingekazalwa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo esuka koonina.
Iinkonzo ke zinikezelwa kuthotho lwamaziko kwimimandla emine yeli phondo.
<fn>GOV-ZA. Yourlife.2010-03-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ulwazi ngoRhulumente neenkonzo zilungelelaniswe namanqanaba obomi bakho.
<fn>GVwhat you need to know FAQ Xhosa.txt</fn>
Abanini bepropati bathi banikwe ithuba leentsuku ezingama-60 ukuba bangenise izichaso zabo kuqingqo-maxabiso apho abacinga ukuba lwenziwe gwenxa.
Epreli 2010. Izichaso kufuneke zijoliswe kwipropati ethile, kwaye azinakho ukuba zingeniswe ngokuchasene noluhlu loqingqo-maxabiso lulonke. Kokuphi okuqulathwe sisichaso Izichaso zingangeniswa ngokuphathelene nayo nayiphina ingcaciso ebonakalisiweyo kuluhlu loqingqo-maxabiso. Izichaso ezingeniswe ngokuchasene nengcaciso ekucingeleka ukuba ayigqibelelanga/bubuxoki, kufuneka kubekho ubungqina boko. Into isemagxeni komchasi lowo ukuba eze nobungqina bokuba uphengululo lamaxabiso ngokwasemakethi lwenziwe gwenxa/ngempazamo. Ukufaniswa koqingqo-maxabiso kunye nolunye uqingqo-maxabiso olukufutshane oko akuthethi ukuba lenziwe ngempazamo. Izichaso ezingeniswe ngokuphathelene nengcaciso eyimpazamo ngokwezolawulo (umzekelo igama elingelilo lomnini, idilesi yendawo) iya kuthi kwangoko igqithiselwe kumasebe afanelekileyo kwisiXeko ukuba kwenziwe uphando kwaye kulungise impazamo leyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukungoneliseki ngesixa-mali/ngentlawulo ekufuneka usihlawule/usirhumile oko akuthi kubesisichaso. Isichaso singangeniswa ngokuchasene nengcaciso ebonakaliswe kuluhlu loqingqo-maxabiso. Makungeniswe ifomu yesichaso eyodwa kwipropati nganye?
Ngokuthi uzingenise ngokunokwakho kwenye yeendawo zohlolo loluntu ezili-18, apho iinkcukacha zoku ziqhotyoshelwe kule mbalelwano. Amagosa aqeqeshiweyo aya kuthi ancedisane nabanini beepropati kwezi ndawo sele zikhanaknyiwe.
Ungenza isicelo sokuba mawu-imeyilelwe ifomu le yesichaso. Izicelo ezilolu hlobo kufuneka zijoliswe kwa valuationsobjection@capetown.gov.za - 'Subject: GV2009 objection form required'. Nceda ubhale inombolo yesalathiso yoqingqo-maxabiso lwepropati leyo kwi-imeyile yakho. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba idilesi yam kwisaziso soqingqo-maxabiso, ayikho okanye ibhalwe ngendlela engeyiyo Ingaba oku kuthetha ukuba kuye kwaqingqwa ixabiso lepropati engeyiyo Idilesi yepropati ayisetyenziselwa ukuqaphela ipropati ukuba iqingqwe ixabiso layo. Inkcazelo ngokusemthethweni (njengoko ibhalisiwe kwi-Ofisi yeNtengiso yeepropati) iye isetyenziswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngendawo ekuyo ipropati leyo. Ndazi kanjani ukuba isichaso sam siye sabhaliswa kuvimba ongeenkcukacha zoqingqo-maxabiso Kuya kuthi kukhutshwe isaziso esisemthethweni sesiqinisekiso sokufumaneka kwesichaso ngasinye. Sisaziso sesiqinisekiso sokufumaneka kwesichaso esiya kuthi samkelwe yi-ofisi yoqingqo-maxabiso, kwaye kufuneka kusetyenziswe sona xa unemibuzo ngokumalunga nesichaso eso sakho. Izichaso ezingeniswe kwenye yeendawo zohlolo ezili-18, kuya kuthi kwenziwe iziqinisekiso zokufumaneka kwazo, nje ukuba zifumaneke. Nceda uqinisekise ukuba usifumene isiqinisekiso sokufumaneka kwesichaso sakho phambi kokuba uyishiye indawo yohlolo. Izaziso zeziqinisekiso zokufumaneka kwezichaso ezingeniswe nge-feksi nange-imeyile ziya kuthi zithunyelwe ngeposi. Nceda wenze uphando ngesichaso sakho kwii-ofisi zethu phambi kokuba kuvalwe ngomhla wama-30 Epreli 2010 ukuba uthe awasifumana isiqinisekiso sokufumaneka kwesichaso sakho. Kuye kwenzeke ntoni emva kokuba ndingenise isichaso sam Isichaso siya kuthi singeniswe kumqingqi-maxabiso/kwigosa lezolawulo ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesichaso eso singenisiweyo. UMqingqi-maxabiso kaMasipala uya kuthi asihlole isichaso eso kwaye athabathe isigqibo, apho siya kuthi singeniswe kwiSebe lezeNgeniso ukuze kulungiswe i-akhawunti leyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isigqibo ngokumalunga nesichaso eso siya kuthi sibengumphumela wokuhla okanye ukunyuka koqingqo-maxabiso elo lokuqala. Uya kuthi waziswe ngesi sigqibo ngendlela yembalelwano. Kuye kwenzeke ntoni ukuba andonelisekanga sisigqibo eso Unelungelo lokubhena ngokuchasene nesigqibo soMqingqi-maxabiso kaMasipala ngokumalunga nesichaso sakho ukuba unenkolelo yokuba unobungqina obubambekayo ngokubhekiselele kwisibheno eso sakho. Isibheno eso siya kuthi sichotshelwe yibhodi yezibheno ezimeleyo. Ingcaciso ngokumalunga nokungeniswa kwesibheno iya kuthi iqhotyoshelwe kwisaziso sesigqibo ngesichaso eso esiya kuthi sifumaneke ngeposi. Ndiya kuthi ndiqalise nini ukuhlawula iintlawulo zobuhlali ezibalwe ngokoqingqo-maxabiso olutsha?
<fn>Hansards.16DaysOfActivism.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
Musa ukwenza ngathi akuboni!
Ziyintoni iiNtsuku ezili-16 zoKulwa noBundlobongela?
Ukwandisa ukuqondwa kwempembelelo ENGENDAWO uBUNDLOBONGELA nokuXHAPHAZA obunayo kwabaseTYHINI naseBANTWANENI kunye...
25 kweyeNkanga (Novemba)...
1 kweyoMnga (Disemba)...
10 kweyoMnga (Disemba)...
Bubangelwa yintoni ubundlobongela obujoliswe kwabasetyhini?
ukuba iPalamente iphumeze imithetho yokukhusela amalungelo abantu ekuthini bangaxhatshazwa?
Musa ukwenza ngathi akuboni!
Ungalufumana phi uncedo?
<fn>Hansards. AfricaDay.xh.txt</fn>
Usuku lwe-Afrika lubhiyozelwa rhoqo ngonyaka ngomhla wama-25 kuMeyi/kwekaCanzibe.
Intlangano yeManyano yase-Afrika yasekwa ngomhla wama-25 kwekaCanzibe e-Addis Ababa, e-Ethiopia.
Kukho amazwe angama-54 e-Afrika ekukho kuwo amazwe angamalungu angama-53. IMorocco asililo ilungu leManyano yase-Afrika..
IManyano ye-Afrika ihlanganise ilizwekazi i-Afrika ukuba lishukuxe imiceli mngeni yalo emininzi efana nongquzulwano ngezikhali, ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nentlupheko.
Usuku lwe-Afrika ngumbhiyozo we-Afrika, abemi bayo nobunye bayo.
Ngumbulelo kwinkqubela abantu base-Afrika abayenzileyo kunye nokubonakalisa imiceli mingeni efanayo ejongene nayo kwimo yehlabathi.
IManyano ye-Afrika lelona ziko liphezulu lokuxhasa ukudibana kwezentlalo-noqoqosho kwilizwekazi kujoliswe kumanyano olungaphezulu nobunye phakathi kwamazwe nabantu base-Afrika.
IManyano ye-Afrika isekwe kumbono ofanayo welizwekazi elimanyeneyo nelomeleleyo.
Isekwasekwe kwimfuneko yokwakha ubuqabane phakathi koorhulumente nawo onke amacandelo oluntu, ingakumbi abasetyhini, ulutsha nezamashishini.
Njengombutho welizwekazi igxininisa kuxolo, ukhuseleko nozinzo, kwaye isembindini wokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwelizwekazi.
IManyano ye-Afrika ijolise ekukhuseleni amalungelo entando yesininzi, amalungelo oluntu kunye noqoqosho oluzinzileyo e-Afrika, ingakumbi ngokuphelisa ungquzulwano kunye nokudala imarike efanayo nesebenza kakuhle.
Umbono weManyano ye-Afrika ngulo: "I-Afrika emanyeneyo, ehlumayo nenoxolo, eqhutywa ngabemi bayo kunye nemele amandla ashukumisa ihlabathi".
Bomeleze ubunye kwilizwekazi liphela kunye nokwakha imimiselo efanayo phakathi kwabantu base-Afrika.
Ekukhumbuleni uSuku lwe-Afrika, sinethuba lokuvuselela ukuzinikela kwethu kuthi, kwilizwekazi le-Afrika kunye nelifa nolwazelelo lwethu esabelana ngalo.
IPalamente yeRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika ithatha inxaxheba kwimibutho eliqela yase-Afrika, kuquka iPan African Parliament (PAP) kunye neQumrhu loMzantsi Afrika loPhuhliso loLuntu.
Ngokuhambelana nomgaqonkqubo weli lizwe ngokuphathelele kumazwe angaphandle, iPalamente yeRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika inika ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kwi-Afrika kwinkqubo-sikhokelo yomgaqonkqubo wobudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe. Oku kuquka ukuzibandakanya ngokuzigqatsa kuwiso mithetho lwamazwe apho urhulumente woMzantsi Afrika athe wazibandakanya khona kwimigudu yokudala uxolo.
Kulo nyaka iPalamente yeRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika iza kusindleka Ingxoxo nge-Afrika ngomhla wama-23 kwekaCanzibe eya kulandelwa yingxoxo ngomhla wama-25 kwekaCanzibe emxholo wayo uthi "Ukuvuselelwa, inkqubela phambili kunye nophuhliso lwe-Afrika" ngenjongo yokubhiyozela uSuku lwe-Afrika.
Umxholo: "Ukusuka kuMbono ukuya kwiZenzo, iSahluko esiLandelayo se-Afrika".
IQumrhu lezoQoqosho leHlabathi ngumbutho wamazwe ngamazwe ozimeleyo ozinikele ekuphuculeni imeko yehlabathi ngokubandakanya ezoshishino, ezopolitiko, imfundo ephakamileyo kunye nezinye iinkokheli zoluntu ukulungisa i-ajenda yehlabathi, yengingqi kunye neyezorhwebo.
UMboniso neNkongolo yezeMpilo e-Afrika iya kusungulwa kwekaCanzibe 2011 eJohannesburg Expo Centre, Nasrec, eMzantsi Afrika. Iya kwenza umboniso nenkongolo entsuku ntathu ibonisa imixholo eyahlukileyo enxulumene nezempilo e-Afrika, kwaye iya kutsala umdla wamawaka abasebenzi neengcali zezempilo ukusuka kwingingqi ukuya kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ukubhiyozela uSuku oLutsha lwe-Afrika, ukusuka kumhla wama-27 - 29 kwekaCanzibe, eRhawutini baza konwabela impelaveki yomnyhadala obizwa ngokuba yiSanaa Afrika, uMoya wokuBhiyoza uya kwambathisa intliziyo yesingqi sase-Afrika kunye nomphefumlo odlamkileyo ngokusindleka ubugcisa, ulonwabo, umculo kunye nokunye kwilizwekazi.
<fn>Hansards. Announcements.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke iintatheli eziqinisekisiweyo ziyacelwa ukuba zithathe iindawo zazo zokuhlala ngoku.
AmaLungu neendwendwe ziyacelwa ukuba zinqumle ikhaphethi ebomvu zithathe iindawo zazo egumbini nakwezinye iindawo ezifanelekileyo njengoko ikhaphethi ebomvu iza kuvalwa kwimizuzu eli-15.
AmaLungu neendwendwe ziyacelwa ukuba zinqumle ikhaphethi ebomvu zithathe iindawo zazo egumbini nakwezinye iindawo ezifanelekileyo njengoko ikhaphethi ebomvu iza kuvalwa kwimizuzu eli-10.
AmaLungu neendwendwe ziyacelwa ukuba zinqumle ikhaphethi ebomvu zithathe iindawo zazo egumbini nakwezinye iindawo ezifanelekileyo njengoko ikhaphethi ebomvu iza kuvalwa kwimizuzu emine.
AmaLungu neendwendwe ziyacelwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba zinqumle ikhaphethi ebomvu zithathe iindawo zazo egumbini nakwezinye iindawo ezifanelekileyo njengoko ikhaphethi ebomvu iza kuvalwa ngoku.
Manene namanenekazi ikhaphethi ebomvu ivaliwe ngoku ngokusesikweni. Akukho namnye umntu ovunyelweyo ukuba anqumle ikhaphethi ebomvu.
Manene namanenekazi ikhaphethi ebomvu ivaliwe ngoku ngokusesikweni. Akukho namnye umntu ovunyelweyo ukuba anqumle ikhaphethi ebomvu.
Manene namanenekazi ikhaphethi ebomvu ivaliwe ngoku ngokusesikweni. Akukho namnye umntu ovunyelweyo ukuba anqumle ikhaphethi ebomvu.
AmaLungu neendwendwe ziyacelwa ukuba zikhwele ezibhasini ukuya e-CTICC kwistalato iPlein. Nceda ubonise isimemo sakho kumamkeli-zindwendwe xa ukhwela.
AmaLungu neendwendwe ziyacelwa ukuba ziye kwisitalato iPlein ngokukhawuleza zize zikhwele ezibhasini ukuya e-CTICC. Nceda ubonise isimemo sakho kumamkeli-zindwendwe xa ukhwela.
AmaLungu neendwendwe ziyacelwa ukuba zikhwele ezibhasini ngokukhawuleza ukuya e-CTICC kwisitalato iPlein. Nceda ubonise isimemo sakho kumamkeli-zindwendwe xa ukhwela.
<fn>Hansards. EvaluationForm.xh.txt</fn>
Nceda zalisa olu xwebhu.
Bonisa impendulo yakho ngokubeka (X) kuloo ndawo uvumelana nayo. Iimpendulo zakho zibalulekile.
Ungaluhlalutya njani olu cweyo ngokupheleleyo?
Umgangatho wezixhobo/ namanqaku asetyenzisiweyo ngethuba locweyo.
Umgangatho wezinto eziqulethwe kumqulu wabathatha inxaxheba.
Amalungiselelo kunye neendawo olubanjelwe kuzo olu cweyo.
Olu cweyo luzanelise kangakanani iimfuno zakho nezinto onomdla kuzo.
Sesiphi isihloko esiLUNCEDO Nika izizathu?
Sesiphi isihloko esingeLONCEDO Nika izizathu?
Ingaba bekulula ukuluqonda ulwimi obelusetyenziswa ngethuba lale ndibano yocweyo?
<fn>Hansards. FraudAwareness.xh.txt</fn>
Our institution needs you to embrace correct workplace behaviour!
Iziko lethu lifuna uzinxulumanise nendlela elungileyo yokuziphatha emsebenzini!
Ons instelling vereis dat jy die regte gedrag by die werkplek moet aanneem.
Isikhungo sethu sidinga wena ukuthi wamukele indlela efanele yokuziphatha emsebenzini!
Setheo sa rona se hloka hore o ananele boitshwaro bo nepahetseng mosebetsing!
By refusing to lie, steal, deceive and/or misrepresent the facts in any way.
Ngokwala ukuxoka, ukuba, ukuqhatha okanye nokuguqula iinyaniso nangaluphi na uhlobo.
Deur te weier om leuens te vertel, te steel, te mislei en/of die feite op enige wyse te verdraai.
Ngokunqaba ukuqamba amanga, ukuntshontsha, ukukhohlisa kanye/ noma ukuhlanekezela amaqiniso nganoma ngayiphi indlela.
Ka ho hana ho bua leshano, ho utswa, ho thetsa le/kapa ho fetola dintlha ka tsela efe kapa efe.
By ensuring that you are a person with strong moral principles with the highest level of honesty & trustworthiness.
Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba ungumntu onentsulungeko enzulu onezinga eliphezulu lokunyaniseka nentembeko.
Deur te verseker dat jy 'n persoon is met sterk morele beginsels en die hoogste vlak van eerlikheid & betroubaarheid.
Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ungumuntu onesimilo esiqinile osezingeni eliphezulu lobuqotho kanye nokwethembeka.
Ka ho netefatsa hore o motho ya nang le theo e matla ya boitshwaro bo nang le botshepehi le ho tshepahala ho boemong bo hodimo.
By understanding that you are responsible for all your decisions and your actions and that you will be expected to explain your actions when asked to.
Ngokuqonda ukuba zonke izigqibo nezenzo zakho ziluxanduva lwakho oya kulindeleka ukuba unike ingcaciso ngazo xa kuyimfuneko.
Deur te weet dat jy verantwoordelik is vir al jou besluite en dade en dat jy rekenskap daarvoor sal moet gee, indien nodig.
Ngokuqonda ukuthi unesibopho ngazo zonke izinqumo zakho kanye nezenzo zakho nokuthi ungalindeleka ukuthi uchaze ngezenzo zakho uma ucelwa ukuthi wenze njalo.
Ka ho utlwisisa hore o jara boikarabelo ba diqeto le diketso tsohle tsa hao le hore o tla lebellwa ho hlalosa diketso tsa hao ha o botswa.
By ensuring that the decisions that are made are clear and open.
Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba izigqibo ezithatyathiweyo zicacile kwaye zisekuhleni.
Deur te verseker dat die besluite wat geneem word deursigtig en oop is.
Ngokuqiniseka ukuthi izinqumo ezenziwayo zicacile futhi zisobala.
Ka ho netefatsa hore diqeto tse nkwang di hlakile mme di bulehile.
Tip-offs Anonymous is an independent hotline service that allows you to report any instances of workplace wrong doings in an anonymous manner. No one will know your identity if you happen to make the tip-off, you remain anonymous.
ITip-offs Anonymous yinkonzo yomnxeba ezimeleyo yokuxela nabuphi na ubugwenxa basemsebenzini, ungazichazanga. Akukho bani uya kukwazi xa uthe waba uxelile; uya kuhlala ungaziwa.
Tip-offs Anonymous is 'n onafhanklike blitslyndiens wat jou die geleentheid bied om enige gevalle van onregmatige optrede anoniem aan te meld. Geen persoon sal jou identiteit ken indien jy die inligting verskaf nie, jy bly anoniem.
I-Tip-offs Anonymous wusizo locingo oluzimele futhi olutholakala ngazo zonke izikhathi olukuvumela ukuthi ubike noma yiziphi izenzo ezingalungile ezenzeka emsebenzi ngaphandle kokuthi udalulwe. Akekho umuntu ozokwazi uma kukhona oqwashise ngakho, uhlala ungaziwa.
Tip-offs anonymous ke tshebeletso ya mohala wa fonofono e ikemetseng e o kgontshang ho tlaleha diketso tse fosahetseng mosebetsing ntle le hore o tsejwe. Ha ho motho ya tla o tseba ha o tlaleha ho itseng, o ke ke wa tsejwa.
You will not be subjected to any occupational detriment on account of doing the right thing by reporting unethical behaviour.
Awuyi kuzifumana usebubini emsebenzini ngenxa yokuba wenze okulungileyo, ngokuchaza ukuziphatha okungekho sikweni.
Tip-offs Anonymous is an independent hotline service that allows you to report any instances of workplace wrong doings in an anonymous manner. No one will know your identity if you happen to make the tip-off, you remain anonymous.
ITip-offs Anonymous yinkonzo yomxeba ezimeleyo evumela ukuba uxele naziphi na izehlo zobugwenxa emsebenzini, ungaziwanga.
Akukho bani uya kukwazi xa uthe waba uxelile; uhlala ungaziwa.
Tip-offs Anonymous is 'n onafhanklike blitslyndiens wat jou die geleentheid bied om enige gevalle van onregmatige optrede anoniem aan te meld. Geen persoon sal jou identiteit ken indien jy die inligting verskaf nie, jy bly anoniem.
I-Tip-offs Anonymous wusizo locingo oluzimele futhi olutholakala ngazo zonke izikhathi olukuvumela ukuthi ubike noma yiziphi izenzo ezingalungile ezenzeka emsebenzi ngaphandle kokuthi udalulwe. Akekho umuntu ozokwazi uma kukhona oqwashise ngakho, uhlala ungaziwa.
Tip-offs anonymous ke tshebeletso ya mohala wa fonofono e ikemetseng e kgontshang ho tlaleha diketso tse fosahetseng mosebetsing ntle le ho tsejwa. Ha ho motho ya tla o tseba ha o tlaleha ho itseng, o ke ke wa tsejwa.
Our Sun. Our South Africa. Let's all strive for a brighter future by being accountable and by taking responsibility for our actions.
Tip-offs Anonymous is an independent hotline service that allows you to report any instances of workplace wrong doings in anonymous manner. No one will know your identity if you happen to make the tip-off, you remain anonymous.
ITip-offs Anonymous yinkonzo yomnxeba ezimeleyo evumela ukuba uxele naziphi na izehlo zobugwenxa emsebenzini, ungaziwanga. Akukho bani uya kukwazi, xa uthe waba uxelile; uhlala ungaziwa.
Tip-offs Anonymous is 'n onafhanklike blitslyndiens wat jou die geleentheid bied om enige gevalle van onregmatige optrede anoniem aan te meld. Geen persoon sal jou identiteit ken indien jy die inligting verskaf nie, jy bly anoniem.
I-Tip-offs Anonymous wusizo locingo oluzimele futhi olutholakala ngazo zonke izikhathi olukuvumela ukuthi ubike noma iziphi izenzo ezingalungile ezenzeka emsebenzi ngaphandle kokuthi udalulwe. Akekho umuntu ozokwazi uma kukhona oqwashise ngakho, uhlala ungaziwa.
Tip-offs anonymous ke tshebeletso ya mohala wa fonofono e ikemetseng e kgontshang ho tlaleha diketso tse fosahetseng mosebetsing ntle le ho tsejwa. Ha ho motho ya tla o tseba ha o tlaleha ho itseng, o ke ke wa tsejwa.
Do the right thing!
Face yourself in the mirror and be proud of yourself and your institution. If you suspect unethical behaviour, report it!
Zibuke esipilini uzingce ngesiqu sakho kunye neziko lakho. Ukuba urhanela ukuziphatha okungekho sikweni, zisa ingxelo ngaphambili!
Tip-offs Anonymous is an independent hotline service that allows you to report any instances of workplace wrong doings in an anonymous manner. No one will know your identity if you happen to make the tip-off, you remain anonymous.
ITip-offs Anonymous yinkonzo yomxeba ezimeleyo evumela ukuba uxele naziphi na izehlo zobugwenxa emsebenzini, ungaziwanga.
Akukho bani uya kukwazi xa uthe waba uxelile; uhlala ungaziwa.
Tip-offs Anonymous is 'n onafhanklike blitslyndiens wat jou die geleentheid bied om enige gevalle van onregmatige optrede anoniem aan te meld. Geen persoon sal jou identiteit ken indien jy die inligting verskaf nie, jy bly anoniem.
I-Tip-offs Anonymous wusizo locingo oluzimele futhi olutholakala ngazo zonke izikhathi olukuvumela ukuthi ubike noma yiziphi izenzo ezingalungile ezenzeka emsebenzi ngaphandle kokuthi udalulwe. Akekho umuntu ozokwazi uma kukhona oqwashise ngakho, uhlala ungaziwa.
Tip-offs anonymous ke tshebeletso ya mohala wa fonofono e ikemetseng e kgontshang ho tlaleha diketso tse fosahetseng mosebetsing ntle le ho tsejwa. Ha ho motho ya tla o tseba ha o tlaleha ho itseng, o ke ke wa tsejwa.
<fn>Hansards. GautengAdvertPamphlets.xh.txt</fn>
Umqulu wezeMigodi wasekwa ngokwecandelo 100 loMthetho woPhuhliso lweziMbiwa neMithombo ye-Oli, onguNombolo 28 wama-2002. (Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, No 28 of 2002 (MPRDA)).
ISebe leziMbiwa lisandul' ukuhlalutya uMqulu wezeMigodi. Koku kuhlalutya kwajonga iindawo ezithile zomqulu kuquka ubunini, intengiso kunye nophuhliso lweshishini, ukunyityilikiswa nokuphuculwa kwezimbiwa, ukuqeshwa ngokobulungisa kunye nophuhliso lwabasebenzi.
kuphononongwa koMqulu omdala weziMbiwa kunye neziphakamiso zoMqulu omtsha weziMbiwa eCarltonville (indawo iyakuba yaziswe), kwiPhondo laseGauteng ngoLwesithathu, 30 kweyoKwindla 2011. IKomiti ingathanda ukudibana neeNkampani zeMigodi, abasebenzi mgodini, imibutho yabasebenzi kunye noluntu olungqonge iinkampani zemigodi.
Iinkcukacha zokuqhagamshelana: Tel (021)403-3751 cell 083 709 8520 or 083 966 7720 email address (nskaka@parliament.gov.za) or (vmfuniselwa@parliament.gov.za); Fax: 086 619 9194.
<fn>Hansards. GreenLight.xh.txt</fn>
IPalamente yoMzantsi Afrika iseke uMgaqo-nkqubo woLawulo lweNkunkuma njengenxalenye yesicwangciso esihambelana nolawulo lwendawo yokusebenzela ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo.
UMgaqo-siseko uthi abantu baseMzantsi Afrika banelungelo lokuhlala kwindawo engenabuzaza kwimpilo okanye kwisimo sabo sokuphila. Oku kuquka ukukhuselwa kwendawo ngemithetho efanelekileyo kwanamanye amanyathelo okuthintela ungcoliseko kunye nokuthotywa komgangatho womhlaba, ukukhuthaza ulondolozo kunye nokwenza uphuhliso lomhlaba oluya kuhlala luhleli. Singawulungisa omnye womonakalo wathwaxa iplanethi yethu ukuba sisonke singathabatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni umahluko.
IPalamente izinikele ekuqinisekiseni kokhuseleko lwempilo kwanokhuseleko lwaMalungu nabasebenzi basePalamente kunye nabo bonke abantu abasebenza okanye abangena ngokusemthethweni kumasango ayo. Iziko lizinikele ekugcineni amasango ePalamente ekumgangatho ophezulu wokubonelela ngendawo yokusebenzela ekhuselekileyo kwanesempilweni, lithintele lize lilawule ngokukuko imingcipheko ekhoyo kwindawo ekusetyenzelwa kuyo.
Uwiso-mthetho olufana noMthetho wezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini [Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA)], lunyanzelisa iPalamente okokuba ibonelele kangangoko inako ngendawo yokusebenzela ekhuselekileyo, iyigcine kananjalo ingenazingozi nabuzaza kwimpilo yabasebenzi bayo. Kulindeleke ukuba abasebenzi baphathisane nomqeshi ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iimfuno zoMthetho ziyafezekiswa. IPalamente inoxanduva lokwazisa bonke abasebenzi bayo ngokubaluleka kokulondoloza indawo abasebenzela kuyo, kwanangendima kunye neemfanelo zabo kulo mbvandela.
Injongo yoMgaqo-nkqubo kukubonelela ngobume bokuziswa kweenkonzo ngokulinganayo kubasebenzi nabantu bangaphandle abakumasango ePalamente, nkonzo ezo ezifikelelekayo neziya kuhlala ixesha elide. Umgaqo-nkqubo ujolise ekuqinisekisweni ngokulahlwa kwenkunkuma ngokukhuselekileyo njeenjongo zokunciphisa ungcoliseko, ukukhulisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezilahliweyo nokuqinisekisa ukuba inkunkuma ephuma ePalamente iphathwa ngokwemigaqo equlathiweyo.
IPalamente ikhuthaza ngokusetyenziswa kwezibane ezonga umbane ngeenjongo zokunciphisa inkunkuma, ukonga umbane kwaneendleko. Izibane ezonga umbane zisetyenziswa ekukhanyiseni kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke naseziphasejini zasePalamente.
"Inkunkuma " yiyo nayiphi na into, enokuba yeyomoya, eyolwelo okanye ephathekayo okanye nayiphi na edibene nezi, ethi isekwe rhoqo nguMphathiswa weSizwe wezOkusingqongileyo kunye noKhenketho ngesaziso esikhutshwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente.
Inkunkuma iqokelelwa mihla yonke ifakwe kwiingxowa zeplastiki ekunokubonwa ngapha kwazo.nakwiziqulathi ezivela kwiindawo zonke zize zisiwe kwiindawo ezigunyazisiweyo zokugcina inkunkuma.
Inkunkuma yamayeza ifakwa kwiziqulathi zeplastiki ezisemgangathweni (ezimthubi) zize zisuswe ngumniki-nkonzo onesivumelwano rhoqo okanye xa kuyimfuneko.
Zonke izibane ezonga umbane ezingasasebenziyo zithathwa zisiwe kwindawo yokuzicola, zicolwe ngokukhuselekileyo.
Inkunkuma yolwelo ifakwa kwiziqulathi/iinkonkxa eziphawuliweyo ezisemgangathweni zize zisuswe rhoqo.
Amachiza afakwa kwindawo etshixwayo egcina amachiza ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa ngokungekho mthethweni. Onke amachiza kufuneka afakwe kwiziqulathi eziphawuliweyo ize intwana yamachiza anobungozi aphawulwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Umniki-nkonzo kufuneka azisuse ngoko nangoko iziqulathi zerhasi ezingasasebenziyo kumasango ePalamente aze kananjalo aqinisekise ukuba iziqulathi zilahliwe ngokwemfuno esemthethweni ukuze kuthintelwe ukusetyenziswa kwakhona okuyingozi.
IPalamente ikwiphulo lokuthenga iziqulathi zokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-oyile ekuphekwa ngayo esele isebenzile ngokuthi ziyiguqule loo oyil eilahliweyo ziyenze idizili. Asikhuthazwa isimbo sokuchithwa kwe-oyile yokupheka kwimisele yamanzi.
IPalamente iqesha umniki-nkonzo omtsha wokususa inkunkuma yamaphepha ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona. Zonke ii-ofisi ezisePalamente ziza kunikwa iibhokisi zenkunkuma yamaphepha ekuzakuqokelelelwa kuyo inkunkuma yamaphepha. Ezi bhokisi ziya kuchithwa rhoqo ngeveki.
Inyathelo ngalinye lokukhusela okusingqongileyo kwethu, ukonga umbane nokunciphisa inkunkuma linendima eliyidlalayo. Luxanduva olungentlalo lwabo bonke abemi baseMzantsi Afrika, kuquka onke aMalungu kunye nabasebenzi bePalamente ukulondoloza okusingqongileyo ukuze kuxhanyulwe sisizukulwana esizayo size kananjalo sikhuthaze ngenkcubeko yophuhliso oluyakuhlala luhleli.
<fn>Hansards. HowTheBudgetWorksForUs.xh.txt</fn>
Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali sisicwangciso esibonakalisa ubungakanani bengeniso efumanekileyo nendlela eza kusetyenziswa ngayo kwixesha elibekiweyo. Njengabantu senza izicwangciso ezininzi ngengeniso nangenkcitho eyeyethu. Ukwenza uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali kubalulekile kuba nangona sinokunqwenela ukuthenga izinto ezininzi, asisoloko sinemali eyaneleyo yokuzithenga. Oko ke kuthetha ukuba sineemfuno ezingapheliyo nezixhobo ezimbalwa zokukhawulelana nezinto esizifunayo. Ukwenza uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali kunento yokwenza nokuthengiselana kwanangokukhetha indlela esiyisebenzisa ngayo imali yethu. Ukuba imali siyisebenzisa yonke kwinto enye, kuza kufuneka sazi ukuba sisenokungayifumani enye into.
ISizwe silucwangcisa njani uHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwaso?
Ngokufanayo, iSizwe naso sijongene noluhlu lwezinto emasikhethe kuzo. Amasebe eSizwe kufuneka alungelelanise izixhobo ezikhoyo zihambelane neemfuno zabantu. Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwenziwa luhambelane nezinto ezingundoqo nekugqitywe ngazo kuloo nyaka. Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwelizwe lunikezela ngoqikelelo lwengeniso kwanenkcitho yeSizwe elindelekileyo kuloo yonyaka-mali, ukusukela ngowoku-1 ku-Apreli wonyaka ukuya kowama-31 kuMatshi wonyaka olandelayo. Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwelizwe alufani nalo naluphi na olunye, kuba lubonakalisa indlela eza kusetyenziswa ngayo imali, luze lunikezele ngeenkcukacha zendlela zokonyusa ingxowa-mali ukuze kukhawulelwane nenkcitho yelizwe.
ISizwe siyonyusa njani ingxowa-mali yaso?
Irhafu ingowona mthombo wongeniso-mali weSizwe. Irhafu yintlawulo esisinyanzelo ehlawulwa ngabantu, amashishini nawo nawuphi na umbutho ofanele ukuhlawula irhafu kubaQokeleli beRhafu. IiNkonzo zeNgeniso yoMzantsi Afrika (South African Receiver of Revenue - SARS) zizo ezinoxanduva lokuqokelela irhafu. Zininzi iindidi zerhafu. ISiswe sifumana irhafu yaso engundoqo kwingeniso yabantu. Umntu ngamnye elizweni ofumana ingeniso engaphezulu kwemali ethile unyanzelekile ukuba ahlawule irhafu. Olu hlobo lwerhafu lubizwa ngoku yirhafu yengeniso. Ezinye iintlobo zerhafu zibandakanya iRhafu eyoNgezwe kwiXabiso (Value-Added Tax - VAT) neyezinto ezithengelwa ukusetyenziswa ekhaya. Abantu abaninzi bayazi nge-VAT, kwanokuba ezinye izinto ezithengwayo azifakelwa iVAT. Kwelinye icala, irhafu ezongezelelweyo ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa kwizinto zokuziphilisa ubomi obuntofontofo. Olu hlobo lwerhafu lokuthenga izinto zekhaya lubizwa ngokuba "yirhafu yesono (yezinto ezineziphumo ezibi)". UMgaqo-siseko uyayichaza indlela uMongameli ekufuneka ayilawule ngayo ingeniso. Nayiphi na ingeniso efunyanwa lilizwe ifakwa kwi-akhawunti yeSebe likaRhulumente eliqokelela irhafu. Kufuneka kusetyenziswe uMthetho wePalamente xa kukhutshwa imali kule akhawunti. Naluphi na uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali kufuneka lube necala lenkcitho nelengeniso.
Lusebenza njani uHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali?
Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lweSizwe lwahlulwa lube yiNgeniso kunye neNkcitho (intsilelo) ngaphambi kweMali-mboleko kunye naMatyala kaRhulumente. Ingeniso nenkcitho ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Akhawunti yeNgeniso yeSizwe. Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lweSizwe luqala ngenkcitho ngeli lixa ezinye iintlobo zohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali ziqala ngengeniso. Umahluko wemali xa kuthelekiswa nengeniso kunye nenkcitho ibizwa ngokuba yintsilelo okanye imali eseleyo. Intsilelo yenzeka xa iSizwe sicwangcisele ukuchitha ngaphezulu kunoko sinakho ukukufumana kwiirhafu nje eziqhelekileyo. Ityala likarhulumente lenzeka xa urhulumente eboleke imali kwiindawo ezikufutshane okanye kwezingaphandle ukuze akhawulelana nenkcitho yakhe. Xa ingeniso ininzi kunenkcitho, umzekelo xa kongezwe irhafu yabantu ibe ngaphezulu kunoko bekulindelwe, kubakho imali eshiyekayo.
Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali luthatha iinyanga ezili-14 xa lulungiselelwa. Le nto ithetha ukuba ngeliya xesha bekusaziswa uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwalo nyaka ePalamente, olonyaka ozayo sele luneenyanga ezimbini lulungiselelwe. Amasebe ohlukeneyo ayabandakanyeka xa kuqikelelwa uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali. Athumela uqikelelo lwawo nezizathu ezilukhaphayo kwii-Ofisi zawo eziPhezulu. I-ofisi ePhezulu iza kukhupha isishwankathelo ize isifake kwiSebe lezeziMali. ISebe lezeziMali liza kukhupha isishwankathelo esibonakalisa inkcitho yamasebe ohlukahlukeneyo. ICandelo lokuQokelela iNgeniso Yangaphakathi kaRhulumente kunye neCandelo likaRhulumente lokuqokelela irhafu Yeempahla ezingenayo nawo akhupha uqikelelo lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali athi aluthumele kwiSebe lezeziMali. UMphathiswa wezeziMali kunye neRhuluneli yeBhanki enguVimba bayahlangana baze baxoxe ngoqikelelo lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali. Ingxoxo iza kuthi ichatshazelwe yimiba yezopolitiko, ezoqoqosho neyezemali. UMlawuli Jikelele wezeziMali ulungiselele uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
Ngokwesiqhelo ngoFebruwari, nyaka ngamnye, uMphathiswa wezeziMali wenza iNtetho yoHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali ePalamente. Emva koko kuxoxwe ngale ntetho ePalamente. AbaPhathiswa besiGqeba kufuneka bahlomle kwinkcitho yamasebe abo. Intetho idla ngokulandela indlela ethile emisiweyo. Iqala ngokujonga iziphumo zonyaka-mali odlulileyo, ize inikezele banzi ngembonakalo yemicimbi yezoqoqosho lwelizwe, kwanembonakalo yonyaka-mali olandelayo. Ithi ichaze nendlela eza kulungelelaniswa ngayo ingeniso kunye nenkcitho eqikelelwayo. Kungokomgaqo-sikhokelo okuMgaqo-siseko wedemokhrasi yethu apho uRhulumente anokuthi asebenzise imali kuphela xa oko kuthe kwaphunyezwa yiPalamente. UHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali luthathwa njengawo nawuphi na umthetho okufuneka uphunyezwe yiPalamente ngaphambi kokuba ube yimbopheleleko. Emva kweNtetho yoMphathiswa, amaLungu ePalamente axoxa ngohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali aze aluvotele. Emva kokuba kuxoxiwe ngevoti nganye yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali, iziNdlu zombini zePalamente kufuneka ziyivotele. Ukuba lwamkelwe uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali, elo sebe kubhekiselelwa kulo lingalinikwa ilungelo lokusebenza ngenkqubo yalo yezemali.
Ukuqokelelwa kwengengeniso kunye nenkcitho kufuneka kulawulwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali isetyenziswa ngokwendlela ebinwenela ngayo iPalamente. UMphicothi-zincwadi-Jikelele wenza ingxelo ePalamente, malunga nokuba iyathotyelwa kusini na imiyalelo yenkcitho. Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali sisixhobo esibalulekileyo somgaqo-nkqubo kwanesixhobo esibonakalayo solawulo, ngokubhekiselele kwimeko apho urhulumente kuye kufuneke ibe nguye ophendulayo ngendlela esetyenziswe ngayo imali.
<fn>Hansards. LabourBroking.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
Urhwebo ngabasebenzi kukubonelela ngabasebenzi bezingxungxo okanye abasebenzi bethutyana olwenziwa ngumntu okanye inkampani komnye umntu okanye inkampani ngenjongo zokufumana imali. Umrhwebi ngabasebenzi ngumntu okanye inkampani ebonelela ngale nkonzo.
Urhwebo ngabasebenzi lufana nento ngokunje ebizwa ngokuba ziiNkonzo zeziNgxungxo (Temporary Employment Services- TES). Eli candelo likhule ngokummangalisayo kwizwelonke. Omnye wemizekelo weziTES kunye norhwebo ngabasebenzi lwenzeka kwezolimo kuba amafama efuna abasebenzi abongezelelekileyo ngexesha lokuvuna. Ngoko ke abasebenzi baqeshwa ngokobuqu baze baphinde bagxothwe ngumfama ngokwemfuno zabo zaloo maxesha. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, abarhwebi ngabasebenzi baye bangenelela ukuze babonelele ngeenkonzo zamaqela okukha izivuno, okanye abavuni.
Kukho umthetho okhoyo ongquzulana noshishino lokurhweba ngabasebenzi. Nakuba kungekho mntu omakanyanzeliswe ukuba afumane umsebenzi ngomrhwebi wabasebenzi, ngoko ke, xa sithetha inyaniso abantu abanezakhono ezingephi, ezifana nezabasebenzi bamaxesha athile onyaka, bangakufumana kunzima ukufumana umsebenzi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umrhwebi wabasebenzi.
I-Labour Relations Act iyayichaza imigaqo nemimiselo yeenkonzo zomsebenzi wethutyana. Yenza ulungiselelo lokuzibophelela kubarhwebi ngabasebenzi. Ngokwa lo Mthetho, umthengi kunye nomrhwebi ngabasebenzi kufuneka bathobele imithetho elawula ezabasebenzi. Njengalo onaliphi na ishishini, abarhwebi ngabasebenzi abanakuluphepha nalo naluphi na uhlobo lomthetho wezabasebenzi.
I-Basic Conditions of Employment Act (BCEA) ibeka iimfuneko ezimbalwa zokulindelekileyo njengokuba abaqeshi kufuneka badibane xa besenza isivumelwano nabasebenzi. Nasiphi na isivumelwano esisayinwe ngumqeshi nomqeshwa akufuneki sichasane ne-BCEA.
I-Skills development Act ifuna ukuba nawuphi na umntu okanye ishishini elinqwenela ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zengqesho libhaliswe. Abantu ababonelela ngeenkonzo zengqesho, umz. abarhwebi ngabasebenzi, basenokubhaliswa kuphela xa bethe baluphumelela uludwe lweemfuno ezithile ezilindelekileyo ezichazwe kuMthetho lowo.
Ngokwalo Mthetho, abasebenzi kufuneka babuyekezwe ngalo naluphi na ukhubazeko/ukulimala okwenzeke okanye nasiphi na isifo esifunyanwe ngenxa yokwenza umsebenzi wabo. Lo mthetho ubonelela nangembuyekezo xa kuthe kwakho oswelekayo ngenxa yomonzakalo okanye izifo ezinjalo.
Abarhwebi ngabasebenzi Benza ibango lokuba bona abangabo abaqeshi kuloko banabaxhasi abababonelela ngeenkonzo, umz amafama. Kwelinye icala amashishini wona asebenzisa iinkonzo zabarhwebi ngabasebenzi benza ibango lokuba abarhwebi ngabasebenzi ngabona baqeshi babasebenzi. Le nto ibangela ukudideka kubasebenzi bona abazifumana bentyumpantyumpeka kwezi mpixano.
Abasebenzi abaqashwe ngokusebenzisa abarhwebi ngabasebenzi bangasemngciphekweni kakhulu xa benokthi balimalele emsebenzini. Ngubani oza kuthatha uxanduva lwemiba yempilo neyokhuseleko kunye nemiba ephathelele kwimbuyekezo?
Nangona abarhwebi ngabasebenzi bebonelela ngamathuba omsebenzi kubasebenzi bezingxungxo, iingenelo yezingxungxo ayinazingenelo ezifana nezo zixhanyulwa ngabasebenzi abasisigxina afana nekhefu, umvuzo kunye nomhlala-phantsi.
Abasebenzi bezingxungxo kufuneka ngamaxesha amaninzi besayine izivumelwano zokuba ukuba umntu akayanga emsebenzini, akazi kufumana nokuba iingenelo zimbalwa kunezo zabasebenzi abasisigxina.
UMbutho wabaSebenzi weZizwe ngezizwe (International Labour Organisation (ILO)) kunye namagatya awo abalulekileyo bayile ingqikelelo ethi uMsebenzi oNdilisekileyo (Decent Work). La magatya abalulekileyo aquka oorhulumente, abaqashi kunye nemibutho yabasebenzi. I-ILO iyixhasile le-Ajenda yoMsebenzi oNdilisekileyo ukusukela kunyaka we -1999. Injongo yale-Ajenda kukonyusa uphuhliso loluntu kunye nokulwa ubuhlwempu.
UMsebenzi oNdilisekileyo yinto abantu abafuna ukuyiphumeza kwiintsuku zabo zemisebenzi. Isukela kwinto yokuqonda ukuba umsebenzi sisiseko sesidima somntu, kuquka namathuba alinganayo kunye nokuphathwa kwawo onke amadoda nabafazi.
kwenza iimanyano zabasebenzi zibe nelizwi kwimiba yezemisebenzi.
Ukwandisa ukhuseleko loluntu, oko kukuthi abafazi namadoda babe nemisebenzi ekhuselekileyo kunye nokuhlawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukukhulisa ingxoxo nokusonjululwa kwembambano, oko kukuthi ukunika imibutho yabasebenzi indima enkulu ekuthinteleni ukungaboni ngasonye emsebenzini.
Ngawaphi amashishini achaphazeleka kakhulu lurhwebo ngabasebenzi?
Ngokuhambisana nendima yePalamente engokukhuthaza ingxoxo zoluntu kwimiba engundoqo kwizwelonke, iPalamente ingathanda ukuva izimvo zabantu ababandanyekayo, kuquka iimanyano zabasebenzi, imibutho yasekuhlaleni kunye nabarhwebi ngabasebenzi ngokuphathelele kurhwebo ngabasebenzi.
Yiba yinxalenye yayo!
PO Box 15, Parliament, Cape Town 8000 okanye ufowunele kule nombolo (021) 403 3765, ifeksi: 086 694 3529 okanye uthumele i-imeyile: akakaza@parliament.gov.
Ukwakha iPalamente yabantu esebenzayo ejongene neemfuno zabantu eqhutywa liphupha lokuzalisekisa uhlobo lobomi obungcono kubantu bonke boMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>Hansards. LiftMessage.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
Lower ground, doors opening. Umgangatho osezantsana, iingcango ziyavuleka.
Doors closing. Iingcango ziyavaleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka. /Iyehla.
Upper ground, doors opening. Umgangatho ophezulwana, iingcango ziyavuleka.
Doors closing. Iingcango ziyavaleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka. / Iyehla.
Floor 1, doors opening.
Doors opening. Iingcango ziyavuleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka. /Iyehla.
Floor 2, doors opening. Umgangatho wesibini, iingcango ziyavuleka.
Doors closing. Iingcango ziyavaleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka. /Iyehla.
Floor 3, doors opening. Umgangatho wesithathu, iingcango ziyavuleka.
Doors closing. Iingcango ziyavaleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka. /Iyehla.
Floor 4, doors opening. Umgangatho wesine, iingcango ziyavuleka.
Doors closing. Iingcango ziyavaleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka. /Iyehla.
Floor 5, doors opening. Umgangatho wesihlanu, iingcango ziyavuleka.
Doors opening. Iingcango ziyavaleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka. /Iyehla.
Floor 6, doors opening. Umgangatho wesithandathu, iingcango ziyavuleka.
Doors closing. Iingcango ziyavaleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka. /Iyehla.
Floor 7, doors opening. Umgangatho wesixhenxe, iingcango ziyavuleka.
Doors closing. Iingcango ziyavaleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka. /Iyehla.
Floor 8, doors opening. Umgangatho wesibhozo, iingcango ziyavuleka.
Doors closing. Iingcango ziyavaleka.
Going up. / Going down. Iyenyuka./Iyehla.
<fn>Hansards.NABrochure.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe yonyulwa qho kwiminyaka emihlanu kunyulo lwesizwe.
Ngexesha lonyulo abavoti bakhetha abo babafunayo njengabameli ngokuthi bavotele iqela lezopolitiko abalithandayo.
Omnye wemisebenzi engundoqo weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe kukwenza imithetho ekulawulwa ngayo ilizwe.
ukuze zixoxe iMithetho eYilwayo Indlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe ingayamkela, ingangayamkeli okanye iyibuyisele iMithetho eYilwayo kwakwiiKomiti ukuze ziqhubeke ngokuyixoxa.
IPalamente inoxanduva lokuphicotha, lokubeka esweni kunye nokongamela izenzo zikarhulumente okanye naliphi na iziko laseburhulumenteni ngokuphathelele ekuqalisweni kwemithetho, ekusetyenzisweni kohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali, kunye nokuthotyelwa koMgaqo-sisek.
IPalamente igcina isigqeba esilawulayo siphendula ngokuvuma uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali, ngokubuza imibuzo yasebuPalamenteni, ukubamba iingxoxo zasebuPalamenteni ngemiba ebalulekileyo kunye nokwenza izindululo nokuvotela iziphakamiso ezimalunga nomsebenzi karhulumente.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe inegunya elingokoMgaqo-siseko lokonyula uMongameli woMzantsi Afrika ovela kwakumalungu ayo.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe yenziwa ngamaLungu ePalamente onyuliweyo angama - 400.
AmaLungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho onyulwa ngendlela ebizwa ngokuba kukumelwa ngookwenani leevoti.
Phambi konyulo, iqela ngalinye lezopolitiko lizoba uluhlu lwabameli ngokokubaluleka kwabo. Aba bameli bonyulwa ngokwenani leevoti iqela elo eliye lazifumana kunyulo. Umzekelo, ukuba iqela liphumelele isiqingatha seevoti, liya kufumana isiqingatha sezihlalo kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe.
Kwindibano yokuqala yeNdlu yaWiso-mthetho, amalungu eNdlu yoWiso-mthetho onyula uSomlomo kunye noSekela-Somlomo ababizwa ngokuba ngamaGosa Ongameleyo eNdlu.
AmaGosa Ongameleyo aphathiswe ngethemba ulawulo lwemicimbi yeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
USomlomo kunye noSekela-Somlomo bongamela iindibano zeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
Baqinisekisa ukuba amaLungu ePalamente athetha ngokukhulekileyo, kodwa babe bethobela imithetho yeNdlu.
Imithetho yeNdlu ibonelela ooSihlalo beNdlu ngegunya lokuncedisa amaGosa Ongameleyo ekwenzeni imisebenzi yabo. OoSihlalo beNdlu banakho nokucelwa ukuba bongamele iindibano zeNdlu.
Ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi yeeKomiti yokongamela.
Ukubonelela amaGosa Ongameleyo ngenkxaso enobuchule bezopolitiko.
Iqela ngalinye lezopolitiko kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho lioyula uMbhexeshi oyiNtloko ukuze alawule imicimbi yalo..
UMbhexeshi ngamnye oyintloko ukhathalela aMalungu eqela lakhe lezopolitiko.
UMongameli wonyula iNkokheli yemiCimbi kaRhulumente eza kusebenza namagosa eziNdlu zombini.
INkokheli yemiCimbi kaRhulumente inoxanduva lokujonga iimfuno zeKhabhinethi kunye nemicimbi kaRhulumente ePalamente.
INkokheli yemiCimbi kaRhulumente iqinisekisa ukuba amaLungu eKhabhinethi aqhuba imisebenzi yawo yasebuPalamenteni abayabelweyo.
Uninzi lwemisebenzi yeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho lwenziwa kwiiKomiti.
Iikomiti zeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho zibizwa ngokuba ziiKomiti zeMicimbi yamaSebe.
Umsebenzi weKomiti nganye unxulumene nesebe laseburhulumenteni elihambelana nalo. Umzekelo, iKomiti yeMicimbi yeSebe lezoRhwebo noShishino ichophela yonke imicimbi engqamene neSebe lezoRhwebo noShishino.
Ikomiti nganye inoSihlalo wayo oqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi uqhutywa ngokusulungekileyo.
IiKomiti zeMicimbi yamaSebe zinoxanduva lokuba neengxoxo, iingxoxo-mpikiswano kunye nokwenza uhlengahlengiso kwiMithetho esaYilwayo..
IiKomiti zisenokubamba iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo ezingemithetho okanye ngemiba ephathelene nemithetho.
IiKomiti zinoxanduva lokongamela kunye nokubeka esweni imisebenzi yamaSebe karhulumente.
NgokoMgaqo-siseko, iPalamente inyanzelekile ukuba ibandakanye uluntu ekwenziweni kwemithetho kunye nezinye iinkqubo zasePalamente.
IiKomiti zeMicimbi yamaSebe zinyanzelekile ukuba ziqhagamshelane noluntu ukuze zifumane izimvo zize zive neembono zalo kwimiba ebalulekileyo kwisizwe.
Uluntu luyakhuthazwa ukuba luthathe inxaxheba ngomdla omkhulu xa iiKomiti zibambe iiNdibano Zovakaliso-zimvo.
Abantu okanye amaqela nawo akwakhuthazwa ukuba enze iziphakamiso ezibhaliweyo okanye ezomlomo ezingemiba ebachaphazelayo.
Zimasa iintlanganiso zeeKomiti zeMicimbi yamaSebe.
Zimasa iiNdibano Zovakaliso-zimvo ezibanjwa ziiKomiti.
ebachaphazelayo. Amaxwebhu ezikhalazo asiwa ePalamente kufuneka abe nenkxaso yeLungu lePalamente.
Eli phecana liyafumaneka ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni zoMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>Hansards.NCOPContent.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
Bhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe (NCOP), elinabathunywa abangama -90.
NgokoMgaqo-Siseko, iBhunga lamaPhondo limele amaphondo kurhulumente kaZwelonke ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zawo ziyaqwalaselwa.
IBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe likwaqinisekisa ukuba imicimbi yoorhulumente bamakhaya imelwe kumanqanaba aphezulu karhulumente.
I -NCOP inabathunywa bamaphondo abalithoba abachongwe kwiziNdlu zoWiso-mthetho zamaphondo kunye negqiza loMbutho wooRhulumente bamaKhaya baseMzantsi Afrika (SALGA).
La magosa alawula umsebenzi we-NCOP aze ongamele iingxoxo, eqinisekisa ukuba abathunywa baxoxa ngokukhululekileyo ngokwemithetho yeNdlu.
USekela-sihlalo osisigxina unyulwa ithuba leminyaka emihlanu, ngelixa iiNkulumbuso zamaPhondo zibolekisana ngesihlalo sokuba nguSekela-sihlalo wesibini kangangonyaka.
I-NCOP ibonwa njengequmrhu eliya kwenza ukuba kubekho ulawulo lwentsebenziswano kunye nedemokhrasi apho ubani athi athath' inxaxheba, kunye nokugxila kakhulu ekuxoxeni ngemiba yoorhulumente bamakhaya nabamaphondo kwinqanaba likazwelonke.
Isenokwazisa okanye ilungise iMithetho Esayilwayo ekwiShedyuli 4 yoMgaqo-siseko.
Owona msebenzi wowiso-mthetho wenziwa kwiikomiti, kodwa yonke iMithetho Esayilwayo kufuneka isiwe kwindibano ye-NCOP ukuze ixoxwe ize ivotelwe ukuba iyamkelwa okanye iyakhatywa.
Yakuba ipasisiwe le Mithetho Isayilwayo yiNdlu yowiso-mthetho, iya kwi-NCOP ukuze ivotelwe.
Ukuba i-NCOP ifuna ukwenza utshintsho kumthetho osayilwayo, uphindiselwa kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, ukuze ilwamkele okanye ilukhabe utshintsho olo.
Imizekelo yeMithetho Esayilwayo echaphazela amaphondo iquka ezemfundo, ezothutho, ezentlalo-ntle kunye nezempilo.
Uninzi lwale Mithetho Isayilwayo ingeniswa kwi-NCOP ngenye yeziNdlu, kodwa ikhona eminye imithetho Esayilwayo ekufuneka iqale kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
Iphondo ngalinye linevoti enye xa kuvotelwa le Mithetho Isayilwayo.
Xa uMthetho Osayilwayo olungisa okanye otshintsha uMgaqo-siseko uwachaphazela ngqo amaphondo, amaphondo amathandathu kwalithoba kufuneka avumelane ngako oko.
Ukongamela ngumsebenzi okuMgaqo-siseko oluxanduva lwePalamente (kuquka iziNdlu zoWiso-mthetho zamaphondo) ukulawula nokuqwalasela imisebenzi karhulumente.
I-NCOP yongamela imiba yamaphondo kuzwelonke kunye norhulumente wamakhaya.
I-NCOP isenokufuna ilungu lekhabhinethi, igosa kurhulumente kazwelonke okanye urhulumente wephondo ukuba aye kwintlanganiso yeBhunga okanye yekomiti yeBhunga.
Abathunywa be-NCOP bangabuza abaphathiswa beKhabhinethi imibuzo emayiphendulwe kwi-NCOP.
I-NCOP ikwaqhuba utyelelo lokongamela eluntwini ukuqinisekisa ukuba bafuna ulwazi olululo kwiimfuno nemingeni yabo.
Iikomiti zeNCOP zibizwa ngokuba zii-Komiti eziKhethekileyo, umzekelo, ikomiti eKhethekileyo kwiSebe lezeziNdlu, elezeMisebenzi yoLuntu kunye nelezoThutho.
Ikomiti nganye yenza umsebenzi ojongene ngokukodwa namasebe athile karhulumente.
Iikomiti zisenokugunyazisa nawuphi na umntu ukuba anike ubungqina okanye aveze amaxwebhu, kwaye basenokufuna nawuphi na umntu okanye naliphi na iqumrhu ukuba linike ingxelo kubo.
Emva kokuba ikomiti igqibile ukuxoxa ngomthetho osayilwayo, uthi usiwe kwi-NCOP ukuze uvotelwe.
Abathunywa bephondo ngalinye banevoti enye emele iphondo, ethi isetyenziswe yintloko yabathunywa.
Uluntu lusenokudlal' indima ebonakalayo kumsebenzi wokongamela ngokuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente uyaphendula kwiimfuno zoluntu.
Isingeniso kwikomiti yePalamente yindlela yokwenza ukuba ilizwi lakho liviwe ePalamente.
Ngokufaka esi singeniso usethubeni lokufuthela uluvo lwmalungu ekomiti axoxa nabonisana ngomba othile womthetho ngaphambi kokuba ugqitywe.
Ukwenza uxwebhu lwezikhalazo yindlela yokufaka isikhalazo okanye umba odla umzi ePalamente ukuze iyithathele ingqalelo ngokobunganga bayo.
Ilungelo lokufaka uxwebhu kwiPlamente lilungelo lawo nawuphi na ummi welizwe elibhalwe kuMgaqo-siseko.
Nawuphi na umntu, amaqela abantu okanye umbutho, unelungelo lokufaka uxwebhu lwezikhalazo ePalamente.
Uluntu lungaqhagamshelana namaLungu ePalamente kwii-ofisi zezithili zovoto ezikumaphondo kwilizwe liphela okanye ePalamente xa ufuna ukufumana inkxaso yalo kuloo mba ukutshisayo okanye xa ufuna ukuncediswa kwingxaki ethile onayo.
<fn>Hansards.NCOPProvWeek.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
UMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika umisela ukuba iBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe liqinisekise ukuba iimfuno zamaphondo ziyaqwalaselwa kwinqanaba likazwelonke likarhulumente wesizwe. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokuthabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yowiso mthetho yesizwe kunye nokunika iqonga kwisizwe ukuze uluntu luphefumle malunga nemiba edla umzi kumaphondo.
Eyona ndima ingundoqo yeBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe kukuxoxa, liwise imithetho kunye nokongamela izenzo/iintsukumo zikarhulumente.
I-NCOP imele amaphondo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zamaphondo ziyaqwalaselwa kwinqanaba lesizwe likarhulumente.
Indima yeNCOP kukongamela imiba yesizwe echaphazela amaphondo kunye noorhulumente basekhaya.
Yintoni iveki yamaphondo yeNCOP?
I-NCOP yamisela iVeki yamaPhondo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaphondo adlala indima ezeleyo kwimisebenzi karhulumente wesizwe.
Ngale veki abathunywa bamaphondo abakwiNCOP kunye noogxa babo abazinze kumaphondo baqalisa ngotyelelo kwiindawo ngeendawo ukuqinisekisa ukuba bafumana ulwazi ngqo ngeemfuno kunye nemingeni abahlangabezana nayo abantu.
IVeki yamaPhondo iphumeza isibonelelo soMgaqo-siseko, esigunyazisa iNCOP iqinisekise ukuba iimfuno zamaphondo ziyaqwalaselwa kwinqanaba likazwelonke likarhulumente lesizwe.
IVeki yamaPhondo iqinisekisa ukuba abathunywa bamaphondo kwiNCOP bagcinwa besazi okuqhubekayo kunye nemingeni ejongene namaphondo abo..
Inika abathunywa ithuba lokunxibelelana namaphondo kwaye banika ingxelo ngemisebenzi yabo kwiNCOP ngenjongo yokufumana igunya elitsha malunga nemiba eza kuthiwa thaca kwingxoxo zesizwe.
IVeki yamaPhondo inika iqonga lokwabelana ngeembono ezimalunga nokuziswa kweenkonzo, nemingeni ejongene namaphondo ekuzalisekiseni indima yawo.
Isekwadala nethuba lokuba iPalamente namaphondo zisebenzisane ukufumana izisombululo nokuza neendlela ezintsha zokukhawulelana neemfuno zabantu baseMzantsi Afrika.
Kuya kwenzeka ntoni ngale Veki yamaPhondo?
Urhulumente wephondo - iiNkulumbuso zamaPhondo, abaPhathiswa bamaPhondo kunye namaSebe abo.
Nabanye abachaphazelekayo; abanjengeenkokeli zemveli, NGOs, CBOs, kunye nombutho iSouth African Local Government Association (SALGA).
Abathunywa bamaphondo kwiNCOP, kunye noogxa babo abazinze kumaphondo baqalisa ngotyelelo lwabo lokongamela kwindawo ngeendawo.
Iqela labathunywa liya kutyelela neeprojekthi ezimiliselwe ngoorhuulumente bobabini, owesizwe kunye nowamaphondo, kumaphondo abo.
Iya kulisebenzela njani iphondo lakho iVeki yamaPhondo?
Ngotyelelo lokongamela oluthatyathwe ngeVeki yamaPhondo, abathunywa bamaphondo kwiNCOP baya kufumana ulwazi oluthe ngqo malunga neemfuno zabantu kumaphondo.
IVeki yamaPhondo inceda iNCOP ifake isandla/ixhase ekusebenzeni kakuhle kukarhulumente ngokuthi iqinisekise ukuba imiba yamaphondo kunye norhulumente wasekhaya zifumana ingqalelo xa kusenziwa imigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe.
Isekwanceda oorhulumente bamaphondo, basekhaya, kunye nowesizwe ukuba basebenze kunye kakuhle nangempumelelo ukuze baqinisekise ukuziswa ngokufanelekileyo kweenkonzo.
LiBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe lakho!
Thabatha inxaxheba kuyo!
<fn>Hansards. NorthWestAdvertPamphlets.xh.txt</fn>
Umqulu wezeMigodi wasekwa ngokwecandelo 100 loMthetho woPhuhliso lweziMbiwa neMithombo ye-Oli, onguNombolo 28 wama-2002. (Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, No 28 of 2002 (MPRDA)).
ISebe leziMbiwa lisandul' ukuhlalutya uMqulu wezeMigodi. Koku kuhlalutya kwajonga iindawo ezithile zomqulu kuquka ubunini, intengiso kunye nophuhliso lweshishini, ukunyityilikiswa nokuphuculwa kwezimbiwa, ukuqeshwa ngokobulungisa kunye nophuhliso lwabasebenzi.
kuphononongwa koMqulu omdala weziMbiwa kunye neziphakamiso zoMqulu omtsha weziMbiwa eKlerksdorp (Anglo-Ashanti Hall no-1Shaft Hall), kwiPhondo laseMntla Ntshona ngoLwesine, 31 kweyoKwindla 2011. IKomiti ingathanda ukudibana neeNkampani zeMigodi, abasebenzi mgodini, imibutho yabasebenzi kunye noluntu olungqonge iinkampani zemigodi.
Iinkcukacha zokuqhagamshelana: Tel (021)403-3751 cell 083 709 8520 or 083 966 7720 email address (nskaka@parliament.gov.za) or (vmfuniselwa@parliament.gov.za); Fax: 086 619 9194.
<fn>Hansards. Oversight.2009-12-02.xh.txt</fn>
Olona vavanyo lwentando yesininzi kukuba iPalamente ingaqinisekisa kangakanani ngokuba urhulumente uhlala enika iimpendulo ebantwini. Oku kwenziwa ngokugcina ukongamela (ukubeka esweni) izenzo zikarhulumente ngokuzingisayo.
IPalamente kunye neeKomiti zayo zinelungelo lokubiza nabani na okanye naliphi na iziko lize kunika ubungqina okanye lithi thaca amaxwebhu, kwaye linike ingxelo kuzo.
UMgaqo-siseko uvakalisa ukuba iPalamente inelungelo lokongamela onke amalungu karhulumente kubandakanya nalawo akumaphondo kunye noorhulumente basekhaya.
Ukongamela ngumsebenzi onikwe nguMgaqo-siseko kwiPalamente ukuze ibeke esweni ize iqwalaselea izenzo zikarhulumente.
Kutheni ibalulekile indima yokongamela kwePalamente?
Ngokubeka esweni izenzo zikarhulumente, iPalamente iyakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kuyenzeka, ukuze bonke abemi bafumane ubomi obungcono.
ukugcina urhulumente ephendula ngokuba ichithwe njani imali yabahlawuli berhafu.
NeBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe (NCOP).
INdlu nganye inendima yokongamela eyidlalayo.
UMgaqo-siseko uvakalisa ukuba iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe inyulelwa ukumela abantu kunye nokuqinisekisa ngorhulumente wabantu phantsi koMgaqo-siseko.
nokugcina umsebenzi wokongamela kwigunya likarhulumente wesizwe, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemithetho.
IiKomiti zasePalamente zisekwe njengezixhobo zeziNdlu ngokoMgaqo-siseko ukuququzelela ukongamela kunye nokubeka esweni urhulumente.
Ezi Komiti "ngamagumbi enjini" okongamela ePalamente kunye nemisebenzi emalunga nemithetho.
Omnye weyona miba ibalulekileyo yomsebenzi wokongamela kukuthathela ingqalelo iingxelo zonyaka zamaziko karhulumente kunye neengxelo zoMhloli-zincwadi-Jikelele.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwinjongo yokongamela, iKomiti iya kucela inkcazelo emfutshane kwiziko likarhulumente okanye ilundwendwele ngeenjongo zokuzifumanela amanqaku.
UMphathiswa wezeMali uvakalisa isicwangciso soqikelelo sonyaka ozayo esisekwe kwiinkcukacha ezaziwayo kwakunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwesebe ngalunye.
IPalamente kufuneka yamkele uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
Emva kokuvakalisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwesebe ngalunye, iKomiti nganye ibamba iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo zesebe ngalinye elongameleyo.
Oku kumiselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebe lizigcinile izithembiso zonyaka ophelileyo, kwaye imali yabahlawuli berhafu ichithwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukubuza imibuzo kurhulumente yenye yeendlela iPalamente emgcina ephendula ngayo urhulumente.
Imibuzo eza kuphendulwa ngomlomo okanye ngokubhaliweyo ingabuzwa kuMongameli okanye kuSekela-mongameli kunye nabaPhathiswa ngemiba engokoxanduva lwabo.
Ixesha lemibuzo linika amalungu ePalamente ithuba lokubuza amalungu karhulumente malunga nemiba yokuziswa kweenkonzo, egameni lemibutho yabo yezopolitiko okanye labantu ababameleyo.
Esebenzisa le nkqubo, amalungu ePalamente angenza inkcazelo kwiNdlu ngawo nawuphi na umba.
Ngokwenza isaziso sesindululo/sesiphakamiso ilungu lawo nawuphi na umbutho wezopolitiko liyakwazi ukuphakamisa umba elifuna uxoxwe ePalamente, ngaloo ndlela lincede ngokuzalisekisa uxanduva lokongamela.
Iingxoxo zendibano yocweyo epheleleyo yenye yeendlela zokuzisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo kwingqwalasela karhulumente malunga neenkqubo zikarhulumente ezithile okanye imithetho efanelekileyo ukuze kuphuculwe ukuziswa kweenkonzo.
Umsebenzi wengingqi yovoto yelungu unika amaLungu ePalamente elona thuba lokongamela abantu ngabanye ngabanye.
Umsebenzi wengingqi yovoto yelungu ubonelela ngolona nxibelelwano lukufutshane phakathi kwamaLungu ePalamente kunye noluntu.
Amalungu anoxanduva lokwazisa iPalamente ngayo nayiphi na imiba echongwe ngexesha lolunxibelelwano lokongamela.
Ukwenza isiphakamiso kwiKomiti yePalamente yenye yeendlela zokwenza ilizwi lakho livakale ePalamente.
Ngokwenza isiphakamiso, unethuba lokuphembelela uluvo lwamalungu eKomiti axoxa ngomthetho osayilwayo phambi kokuba ube ngumthetho ophunyeziweyo.
Wonke ummi unelungelo lokungenisa uxwebhu lwezikhalazo ePalamente, njengoko kubonelelwe kuMgaqo-siseko.
Nawuphi na umntu okanye iqela labantu okanye umbutho ungalungenisa uxwebhu lwezikhalazo ePalamente.
Uxwebhu lwezikhalazo sisicelo esisesikweni osisiwa kwabasemagunyeni ngokuba kwenziwe okuthile. Lusenokuba sisinyanzelo, isicelo sokwenzelwa inceba okanye sokuba kuhlangatyezwane nesikhalazo.
<fn>Hansards. ParliamentGPA.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yolu xwebhu kukuhlinzeka abaphathi ngeSishwankathelo seSigqeba esilawulayo ngokubhekiselele kwimiba engundoqo yesibonelelo semali yembekelo equlunqwe phantsi kwe-GPA eNombolo yePolisi engu FASA/1998-00426 emelwe ngabakwa - FASA (AbaPhathi abamele inkampani ye-inshorensi i-Hollard Insurance Company Ltd).
Isibonelelo sokuKhubazeka ngokuPheleleyo kweThutyana sihlawulwa kuphela kangangoko iPalamente ikhameka ngokwasezimalini kukuKhubazeka kweThutyana komntu okhuselweyo lowo.
Isibonelelo seNkcitho yoNyango sihlawulwa kuphela ngengozi yokwenzakala emzimbeni.
INkcitho yoNyango ezalwa sisiganeko esinxulumene nomsebenzi esikhuselweyo yi-COID mayibangwe kwi-COID. Imali yembekelo ekubonelelwa ngayo kule polisi ye-GPA iya kuzalisa xa kukho intsilelo. (QAPHELA: Oku kungangenzeki njengoko i - COID ibonelela ngeNkcitho yoNyango engenamda kumenzakalo onxulumene nomsebenzi).
INkcitho yoNyango engenakubangwa kwi - COID kuqala, mayibangwe kule polisi ye-GPA.
Ukufa okanye ukukhubazeka okunokubalelwa ngqo kwisiphene esisemzimbeni okanye ukukhokhoba (QAPHELA : Nceda wazise abakwa-Glenrand MÂ·IÂ·B ukuba unabaqeshwa abakhubazekileyo ukuze sizame ukwandisa ukhuselo).
Ukufa okanye ukwenzakala apho umntu okhuselweyo afunyanwa ephantsi kwempembelelo zotywala okanye iziyobisi okanye apho umyinge wotywala egazini udlulile kulowo usemthethweni.
Ezemidlalo yabahlawulwayo, ukubhabha emoyeni usebenzisa i-hang glider, ukubhabha emoyeni usebenzisa inqwelomoya i-micro light.
Ukufa okanye ukwenzakala njengesiphumo sokwaphula umthetho.
Zonke izehlo ezinokukhokelela ekubeni kwenziwe ubango phantsi kwale polisi mazixelwe kwa- Glenrand MÂ·IÂ·B (kudlulwe ku-Pam Hintsho ngabaqeshwa basePalamente okanye ku-Linda Harper ngamaLungu ePalamente) ngokukhawuleza kodwa kwisithuba esingadlulanga kwiinyanga ezintathu.
Zonke iintlawulo zale polisi zihlawulwa ePalamente kuqala.
Aba baqeshwa balandelayo bakwa-Glenrand MÂ·IÂ·B bayafumaneka ukunceda nangayiphi imicimbi ebhekiselele kwipolisi i-GPA yasePalamente.
<fn>Hansards. PetitionsPamphlet.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuthatha inxaxheba koluntu ngokubanzi yintsika yenkululeko yethu esakhulayo; yindlela athi aqinisekise ngayo uRhulumente ukuba unika impendulo ngezinto azenzileyo. IPalamente yenze iindlela ezininzi zokonyusa umgangatho wokubandakanya uluntu ekuyilweni kwemithetho nokwandisa indlela abantu abanothi bafikelele ngayo kwiPalamente yabantu. Ukuzibandakanya kumsebenzi wePalamente akukho nzima njengokuba abantu becinga. Enye yendlela olungathi uluntu luzibandakanye ngayo kweli lungelo labo olukhuselwe nguMgaqo-Siseko, kukwenza uxwebu lwezikhalazo olutyikityiweyo.
Uxwebhu lwezikhalazo olutyikityiweyo sisicelo esisemthethweni esijoliswe kwabasemagunyeni ukuze benze into ngaso. Olu xwebhu lusenokuba sisinyanzelo sokubonelelwa ngandlel' ithile okanye ukuqwalaselwa kokungavisisani ngomba othile. Ukuze olu xwebhu lube lolusebenzayo kufuneka lubonakalise ngokuphandle ukuba ngubani kanye lo lujoliswe kuye, uhlobo lwesicelo eso senziwayo, ndawonye nempembelelo yoko kwaye kufuneka iqulathe amagama kunye neenkcukacha zokunxibelelana nombhali/ababhali boxwebhu olo.
La maxwebhu ahlula-hlulwe aba ziindidi ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba luxwebu olwenziwe ngokukodwa kunye nelo luquka uluntu ngokubanzi okanye uxwebhu jikelele. Uxwebhu olwenziwe ngokukodwa lolu umntu athi enze isicelo esisodwa esingundoqo okanye acele ukophulelwa kumsebenzi wasebuRhulumenteni, nto leyo ingekho mthethweni, ngokufanayo nokufuna umhlala-phantsi. Uxwebhu oluquka uluntu ngokubanzi lona kuxa kuthe kwakho abahlali abaliqela abaneenjongo ezifanayo becela ukubonelelwa ngandlela ithile, loo nto inokuthi ibandakanye namanye amaxwebhu ezikhalazo atyikityiweyo.
Kulilungelo elibalulekileyo lamalungu oluntu ngokubanzi kwisizwe esilawulwa ngokwentando yesininzi ukuba alungise kwaye alunikezele uxwebhu lwezikhalazo olutyikityiweyo nangaliphi na ixesha xa kukho imfuneko yokwenza oko. NgokweCandelo 17 loMgaqo-Siseko woMzantsi Afrika (Umthetho 108 we-1996), naliphi na iqela labahlali kunye nawo nawuphi na umntu unelungelo lokufaka isibheno ngokuzolileyo kwaye engaxhobanga, nokudibana, nokuqhankqalaza, nokubonakalisa ukungoneliseki aze anikezele ngoxwebhu olo. Nangona kunjalo, kukhona iinkqubo ekufuneka zilandelwe ngabantu okanye ngamaqela ekugqithiseni kwabo amaxwebhu ezikhalazo atyikityiweyo.
Lilungu lePalamente kuphela elinokunikezela uxwebhu olo lwezikhalazo olutyikityiweyo ngokusemthethweni ukuze iPalamente ikwazi ukuluqwalasela. Kunyanzelekile ke ngoko ilungu nje loluntu okanye iqela labantu lithumele uxwebhu lwabo lwezikhalazo kwiLungu lePalamente elijongene nabo balicele ukuba libadlulisele lona ePalamente egameni labo.
okanye uSihlalo weBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo.
Lubhalwe ngolunye lweelwimi ezisemthethweni.
Lube lutyikitywe ngabantu abo banesikhalazo ngokwabo ngaphandle kokuba uSomlomo okanye uSihlalo ugqibe ngenye indlela.
ePalamente enokuthi iPalamente isiphumeze ngokwegunya layo.
Ngenxa yokuba uxwebhu kufuneka lunikezelwe ePalamente ngendlela esesikweni, ababhali boxwebhu kufuneka bafumane inkxaso yeLungu lePalamente.
Kucetyiswa ukuba a(ba)thethe neLungu lePalamente phambi kokuba alunikezele uxwebhu ukuze bafumanise ukuba iLungu elo liza kubaxhasa nokuqinisekisa ukuba indlela olubhalwe ngayo noko kuqulathwe luxwebhu olo iyechanileyo.
Ukuba akho amaxwebhu anika inkxaso kumba lowo uphakanyiswayo ngababhali boxwebhu olo, mayinamathiselwe kuxwebhu lwezikhalazo olutyikityiweyo.
ILungu lePalamente kufuneka lilunikezele uxwebhu olutyikityiweyo kuNobhala wePalamente ukuze aluhlalutye aze aqinisekise ukuba indlela olubhalwe ngayo noko kuqulathwe lulo kufanelekile ngaphambi kokuba aludlulisele kuSomlomo okanye kuSihlalo.
Uxwebhu lwezikhalazo olutyikityiweyo luya kuthi lufundwe ePalamente kwaye ludluliselwe kwikomiti okanye kwiikomiti ezisebenza ngemibandela leyo iphakanyisiweyo.
<fn>Hansards. ServiceDelivery.2010-02-19.xh.txt</fn>
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho iseke iKomiti yeThutyana ukuze yenze ukongamela okulungelelanisiweyo ekuhanjisweni kweenkonzo phantsi komxholo othi, "Sisebenza sonke ukuqinisekisa ngokunikezelwa kweenkonzo ezisemgangathweni eluntwini".
Igunya leKomiti liya kuba kukufuna ukwazi ngenkqubela-phambili ekuhanjisweni kweenkonzo kunye, apho kukho khona uqhankqalazo, nemingeni ekhoyo ukuze yenze ingxelo eneengcebiso ezicacileyo nezinempumelelo kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho. Le Komiti iya kwenza isiphakamiso soyilo sokuphumeza ezi ngcebiso kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iKomiti iza kuzibandakanya kutyelelo olulungelelanisiweyo kumaphandle nasezidolophini ize ibize iindibano zovakaliso-luvo zikawonke-wonke ePalamente nakumaphondo. Iindibano zovakaliso-luvo zikawonke-wonke ePalamente ziya kuba ngomhla we-2 ukuya kowe-4 kweyoMdumba we-2010.
Ngexesha lotyelelo kumaphondo, iKomiti iza kuhlola izakhiwo ezo, ize idibane noluntu, amagosa kaRhulumente wamaKhaya, amagosa eSebe likaRhulumente wePhondo, iikomiti zengingqi, imibutho yasekuhlaleni kunye namalungu ecandelo lezoshishino.
Yiya kwiwebhusayithi yePalamente yethu: www.parliament.gov.
Ifowuni: +2721 403 2911 Ifeksi: +2721 403 3784, P.O.
<fn>Hansards. Sona.2009-04.xh.txt</fn>
eKapa, 6 kweyoMdumba ka-2009.
Mama uSomlomo weNdlu yoWiso-Mthetho; Sihlalo weBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo; umam' uSekela-mongameli; umam' uSekela Somlomo noSekela Sihlalo weBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo; iNgqonyela yeejaji uJaji uLanga; owayesakuba nguSekela-mongameli woMzantsi Afrika nonguMongameli we-ANC; iiNkulumbuso zamaPhondo; amalungu eKhabinethi nooSomlomo bamaphondo; owayesakuba yiNgqonyela yeejaji nababesakuba ngamaGosa ongameleyo ePalamente; iziThwalandwe, oonozaku-zaku nabaKhomishinala bamanye amazwe kunye neendwendwe ezibekekileyo ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle; abaphathi bemibutho yezopolito namaLungu ePalamente, iiNkokeli zeMveli; oHloniphekileyo, uSodolophu weSixeko saseKapa; abefundisi neenkokeli zoluntu, maqabane nezihlobo; iindwendwe ezibekekileyo, ndiziva ndikhethekile ngokufumana eli wonga lokuma apha ndinikel' intetho kule ndibano yeziNdlu zePalamente yoMzantsi Afrika zoMbini, ekuqaleni kwale seshoni yokugqibela yePalamante yesiThathu yeNtando yesininzi.
Ndimi phambi kwabemi boMzantsi Afrika ngentobeko yethuba endilinikiweyo lokuba ndibe ngumlawuli kweyona ofisi yelizwe iphezulu ngokudalwa sisiganeko esikhethekileyo sokurhoxiswa kowayesakuba nguMongameli welizwe nesingunozala wesigqibo esithe sathatyathwa ngumbutho olawulayo eburhulumenteni.
Okwam ke kwezi nyangana zimbalwa, kukukhokela iSigqeba solawulo sikazwelonke ekuphumezeni ugunyaziso olwanikwa i-African National Congress kunyulo luka-2004 nasekwakheni isiseko esiza kusetyenziswa kulawulo oluza kuba semva kolo nyulo ukuze luqhube ngokusebenza ngokungenamikhinkqi.
Impumelelo engathandabuzekiyo esiye sayifumana kwiinyanga ezintlanu ezidlulileyo ekuqinisekiseni ngenguqu engenamagingxi-gingxi nokusebenza ngokungenamikhinkqi kweenkqubo zikarhulumente ingunozala womgaqo-siseko ogqibeleleyo ngokubonakaliswa ubukhulu becala yintsebenziswano yamalungu eSigqeba esiLawulayo amadala namatsha, ndawonye nenkxaso eluqilima yabalawuli bamacandelo akwarhulumente.
Xa sikhangela kule minyaka ili-15 idlulileyo, ndingathanda ukunik' ingqwalasela kumsebenzi wabongameli uNelson Mandela noThabo Mbeki kunye nehlokondiba lamakhosikazi namadoda athe ayenza indima yawo engenamlinganiselo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ilizwe lilawulwa ngokwesikhokelo sentando yesininzi: kwiSigqeba esiLawulayo nakulawulo, kulawulo lwamaphondo kuwo omathathu amanqanaba karhulumente nakwezomthetho, ibhexeshwa ngumnqweno wokuphucula ubomi babemi boMzantsi Afrika.
Ngaphezu kwako konke oku, ndimi apha phambi kwenu ngokuzingca nangokuzithemba ngokuba lo Mzantsi Afrika sivuyisana nawo namhlanje - owahluke ngokukhethekileyo kulowo weyantlukwano, ukungaboni ngasonye nocalu-calulo obelugquba kwiminyakana nje eli-15 edlulileyo - sisiqhamo sezithukuthuku neenkxwaleko zamakhosikazi namadoda asuka mbombo zonke zomhlaba. Aba bangumfuziselo wethemba nenzondelelo enika umzobo wesizwe sethu.
Phakathi koluhlu lwabemi abangoompondo-zihlanjiwe kukho amalungu ePalamente yethu yentando yesininzi esithe safumana ishwangusha lokuba sibakhaphe besiya kumakhaya abo okugqibela kweyoMdumba kulo nyaka uphelileyo. Aba babandakanya uBrian Bunting, Billy Nair, Ncumisa Kondlo, John Gomomo, Joe Nhlanhla, Cas Saloojee, John Schippers kunye noJan van Eck.
Phakathi kwabo ndingathanda ukukhankanya uNkskz Helen Suzman, ongummi ohloniphekileyo woMzantsi Afrika nowayemele zonke izinto ezingundoqo zale Palamente intsha kumagumbi ePalamente endala yocalu-calulo.
Ngaba bakhankanyiweyo ndawonye namanye amathandazwe ekumele ukuba bafumane esona sabelo sikhulu sewonga xa sivakalisa ukuba nokuba iimeko zezoqoqosho zingalikhubaza njani na ilizwe lethu, nokuba iintandabuzo zezopolitiko zingagquba kangakanani na kwizazela zethu kweli lixa lenguqu, ilizwe lethu lona lisagqwesile.
Kananjalo, akufunekanga siyidele imingeni esijamelene nayo. Inkxwaleko yemeko yezoqoqosho egqubayo kwihlabathi jikelele igeleshela ubungozi kwezoqoqosho lwelizwe lethu ngokubhekiselele kudendo emisebenzini nokuphuhla kobomi babemi.
Ngokwesiqhelo ke, iintandabuzo zenguqu kwezopolitiko zisenokudala intlaninge yemibuzo engenakuphenduleka.
Njengesiphumo soku, abanye bethu basenokuzifumana bethabatheka zezi nkqwithela zenguqu kwezopolitiko size sixhathise ngokubambisana ngobu bunzima kwezoqoqosho nombhodamo kwezopolitiko.
Okukokwethu ke luhambo oluzele ithemba nenzondelelo.
Sisenokude sithi, kuyo yonke le ngxuba-kaxaka, imiba emininzi yomgaqo-siseko wethu ithe yavavanywa ngeli xeshana lisandul' ukudlula, kwaye yonke ithe yaluphumelela uvavanyo into leyo enik' ubungqina bobuqilima kulawulo lwethu lwentando yesininzi ngendlela ekhethekileyo.
Idemokhrasi yethu yomelele. Iya iqina ngokuqina, ngokusekwa nguMgaqo-siseko ongenamlinganiselo kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ngokwenene ke, ubunkunkqele bokunxibelelana ngezopolitiko ngeli lixa lokhuphiswano ngonyulo, esivumelana sisonke ukuba lumele luqhutywe ngesidima nangoxolo, kusisiqinisekiso sokuphumelela nokomelela kwedemokhrasi yethu.
Ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika abathe baqinisekisa ngenkqubela, kwaye ikwangabo abaza kulukhusela ulawulo lwethu lwentando yesininizi kule minyaka izayo.
Ndivumele ke mam' uSomlomo nawe Sihlalo, ukuba kwesi sihlandlo ndibongoze bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaselungelweni bahambe baye kubhalisela uvoto, baze bavote kunyulo oluzayo lukazwelonke nolwamaphondo, ukwenzel' ukuba sikwazi ukuzilungiselela ikamva lethu (ngokwethu).
Oku kufanele sikwenze mihla le kwii-ofisi zoomasipala ngaphambi kokuba uvalwe umqulu wabavoti. Kanti kufanele silisebenzise eli thuba lenziwe yiKomishoni yoNyulo eZimeleyo, i-IEC, lesibonelelo esikhethekileyo sokubhalisela uvoto, ngomso nangeCawe, umhla we-7 nowe-8 kweyoMdumba.
Ndingathanda ukuthatha eli thuba lokuvakalisa ukuba kwezi ntsuku zimbalwa zizayo ndiza kuqukumbela iingxoxo endinazo neKomishoni yoNyulo eZimeleyo kuquka iiNkulumbuso zamaphondo ndize ndidandalazise usuku lonyulo.
Malungu ahloniphekileyo, ubukho bethu singulo rhulumente wentando yesininzi sibufumene kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abathi bafunquka ngobuninzi babo ngomhla wama-27 kuTshazimpuzi ka-1994, besiya kuvotela ukutshintsha ubomi nekamva labo.
Ngokwenza nje eso senzo sibonakala silula sokuvotela urhulumente wabemi belizwe, sathi samnikela imiva urhulumente wocalu-calulo.
Kungoko kufanelekile ke ukuba sisibhiyozele isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-20 yokwamkelwa kwesiBhambathiso seKomiti yeThutyana yeMbumba yoManyano lwe-Afrika ejongene naMazantsi Afrika (the Declaration of African Unity's Ad hoc Committee on Southern Africa) ngokubhekiselele kumba woMzantsi Afrika owathi wamkelwa kweyeThupha ka-1989 - eyaziwa ngokuba sisiBhambathiso saseHarare. Elo nyathelo laba ngunozala wesiseko semvumelwano sehlabathi jikelele, kusetyenziswa imbumba yeZizwe eziManyeneyo, ngomgaqo omawulandelwe kwiingxoxo zoMzantsi Afrika. Oku kwaba nefuthe eMzantsi Afrika kumxholo weNkomfa yeNgomso eLisekelwe kwiNtando yeSininzi ka-1989 eyathi yadibanisa ndawonye onke amathandazwe asuka mbombo zonke zomhlaba.
Konke oku kwathi kwakhokelela kwinkqubo yeengxoxo ezathi zakhokelela kunyulo lwethu lokuqala olukhululekileyo luka-1994.
Kungoko kufanelekile kule nkalo ukuba sithulel' umnqwazi owayesakuba ngumongameli we-African National Congress, u-Oliver Reginald Tambo, ngokuseka nokuhamba ecel' amalizo kumazwe ngamazwe nakumaqumrhu omhlaba jikelele, nokwathi kwaba sisiseko sokuqukunjelwa ngoxolo kwengxuba-kaxaka yokungaboni ngasonye kwilizwe lethu.
Elo nyathelo likhuthazayo lokuseka umgaqo-nkqubo ozungeze uxolo noxolelwano kwindawo yenkxwayela nokungaboni ngasonye lwathi lwazisa inguqu encomekayo yezehlo zeminyaka elikhulu eyadlulayo - ukutsho oko, isigqibo sonyaka ka-1909 seNgqungquthela kaZwelonke neyathi yakhokelela ekusekweni koMdibaniso woMzantsi Afrika.
Nangona le ngqungquthela yaye yacacisa ubungangamsha bemimandla yoMzantsi Afrika ngokwendlela esiyazi ngayo namhlanje, yayisekelwe kwimiba yengcinezelo nocalu-calulo.
Njalo ke, kule minyaka ili-15 yorhulumente wethu wentando yesininzi, sisenokudandalazisa ukuba uloyiko, ukungazithembi nenzondo ezathi kwiminyaka eli-100 eyadlulayo zadala ukuzikhohlisa kwamakoloniyali ngoxolo olucalulayo, zizinto ezazingenasiseko, nje, koko zingawo namampunge.
Zonke ezo nkxalabo nokungazithembi zaba ngunozala weminyaka ngeminyaka yokuzabalaza. Ngokuphathelele kuloo mba ke, singathanda ukuthulel' umnqwazi igorha lelizwe lethu, uSolomon Kalushi Mahlangu, owathi waxhonywa kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo engabonakalisi loyiko ngenxa yokuthembela kulwazi lokuba igazi lakhe alisayi kuphalala nje, kuloko liza kunkcenkceshela umthi wenkululeko. Ndivumele ke ngoko ukuba ndinik' imbeko kumnakwabo, uLucas Mahlangu, okhoyo apha phakathi kwethu ezokumela usapho.
USolomon Mahlangu wayeqhuba nedabi elalisiliwa ngamagorha amhlamnene ekukho phakathi kwawo uKumkani uCetshwayo owathi woyisa umkhosi wamakoloniyali ngowe-1879, kwimfazwe ebizwa ngokuba siSandlwana, ngelikhusela inkululeko yabemi bemveli bezwe lethu kunye nobuncwane bomhlaba wabo.
Kwiminyaka elikhulu elinamashumi amathathu emva koko, simangaliswa lithemba nenzondelelo ezazizalise ezo ntliziyo zikhaliphileyo.
Kumaziko ezemfundo, umfutho womzabalazo ofanayo wathi waphembelela uqhankqalazo ngobusika obabubanda kakhulu emva kokunikwa uphumaphele kombutho wokulwel' inkululeko nokubanjwa kweenkokeli zombutho wazo.
Kwiminyaka engama-40 eyadlulayo, iqela lamatsha-ntliziyo abafundi lathi laqhekeka kwiNusas laze laseka uMbutho waBafundi boMzantsi Afrika (South African Students' Organisation).
Kweli qela kwakukho iinkokeli zokuqala zalo mbutho ukhankanywe ngasentla apha, eziquka, ukubalula nje abambalwa, uStrini Moodley, uNjingalwazi uBarney Pityana, Steve Biko, Onkgopotse Tiro, Harry Nengwekhulu , Themba Sono, Mapetla Mohapi, Mosioua Lekota, Johnny Issel noMthuli kaShezi. Sibamba ngazo zozibini kubo ngokunik' ithemba ngexesha lonxunguphalo. Kwesi sithuba ke singathanda ukunik' imbeko kuPat Tlhagwana, ongumzala kaOnkgopotse Tiro, okhoyo apha phakathi kwethu eze kumela usapho.
Kwesi sihlandlo ke singathanda kwakhona ukubulela kongasekhoyo uEphraim Mogale, owayengumongameli wokuqala kaKhongolose waBafundi boMzantsi Afrika (Congress of South African Students - Cosas) kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo, nakumaqabane akhe.
Kugxalathelwano lweenkumbulo ezingaba bafundi baloo minyaka kuzinga umyalezo wembopheleleko, umyalezo lowo othi kukho utshiseko lokunxanelwa inkululeko nolwazi kulutsha lwethu lutshisa ngakumbi kwimixhelo yolutsha lwethu.
Imiyalezo yemisebenzi yalo yobutsha-ntliziyo ibubungqina xa kunamhlanje, nanjengoko kwakunjalo kuloo minyaka, bokokuba kufuneka siwenze aphangalale amajelo okufuman' impumelelo; okokuba ngokwenene kufuneka, ngokoMqulu weNkululeko, "iminyango yemfundo nenkcubeko" ivulwe gengelele.
Sikhankanya le mibutho nezi nkokeli ngeenjongo zokugxininisa ifuthe lethemba nenzondelelo eyayiphembelela umzabalazo wokulwela umasilingane nangona izinto zazibonakala zimfiliba; nezokugxininisa kuxanduva oluhleli emagxeni ethu wokuqhubela phambili iimbono ezifezekileyo olwathi uninzi lwafela zona, lungathezwa mandla ngamagingxi-gingxi namanzithi-nzithi elwathi lwadibana nawo.
Kwakhona mam'uSomlomo nawe Sihlalo obekekileyo, kufanele sizibuze umbuzo othi: ingaba ihambo yethu iyibalula njani indlela yenguqu yoluntu loMzantsi Afrika ukusukela oko sathi safumana ukuzilawula ngokwentando yesininzi nokuba sesihambe umgama ongakanani na kuphuhliso loluntu nasekumiliseleni isidima soluntu ukusukela oko sathi safumana ugunyaziso lwentando yesininzi kunyaka ka-2004?
Namhlanje sinenkqubo yentando yesininzi esebenza ngendlela ekhethekileyo ekhokelwa yimithetho-sisekelo ecacileyo neselubala enamaqonga aliqela apho uluntu lunokuthi luthathe inxanxheba khona, kuquka amaziko azimeleyo agunyaziswa nguMgaqo-siseko ukuba axhase ukhokelo lwentando yesininzi.
Kule minyaka idlulileyo, sikwazile ukuphucula amaziko karhulumente. Sikwazile ukuseka unxibelelwano oluluqilima phakathi kwamanqanaba oburhulumente saze saphucula nomanyaniso kula manqanaba naphakathi kwawo.
Ngokwenene ke urhulumente usenokuzingomb' isifuba ngenxa yokuba ekwazile ukuguqula indlela abaxubeke ngayo abantu kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente, into leyo engumfuziselo wesimo soluntu lwelizwe lethu.
Kambe ke nangona amabhinqa akwizikhundla eziphezulu kulawulo lwaseburhulumenteni esenza ama-34 ekhulwini, oku kusawa ngaphantsi kumlinganiselo ekujoliswe kuwo.
Kumanqanaba epalamente kazwelonke neepalamente zamaphondo kukho iimpawu ezibonakalisa ukuba kulo nyaka ilizwe liza kuqabela ngaphezulu kwama-32 ekhulwini enani lamabhinqa akwizikhundla eziphezulu ekwathi kwafikelelwa kulo ngonyaka ka-2004, ngethemba lokuba liza kuqabela ngaphaya kwama-40 ekhulwini ekwafikelelwa kulo kunyulo loorhulumente bamakhaya ngonyaka ka-2006. Sinethemba lokuba onke amaqela ezopolitiko, nanjengoko eqoshelisa uluhlu lwawo lonyulo, aza kuyithathel' ingqalelo le nzame ibalasele kangakanana.
Nangona ikhona inkqubela-phambili, u-0,2 ekhulwini linani elingancomeki nje kwaphela ngokubhekiselele kubantu abakhubazekileyo abaqeshwe eburhulumenteni, ngakumbi xa kujongwa isibini ekhulwini esilinani ebesizisekele lona.
Asasilela kakhulu amacandelo azimeleyo kuyo yomibini le miba,.
Kuthe kwasekwa amanyathelo aliqela okuphucula ukusebenza kweNkonzo kaRhulumente, kuquka ulawulo lwemali, iZiko leeNkonzo iThusong (Thusong Service Centre) nezinye iinkqubo ezintsha zokunikezelwa kweenkonzo, iimbizo kunye noko kubonakaliswa liSebe leMicimbi yeKhaya okululawulo oluluqilima.
Kambe ke kusekuninzi ekusafanele kwenziwe ukuphucula imicimbi yokunikezelwa kweenkonzo nokufundiswa kwabo basebenza eburhulumenteni, ngakumbi abo basebenzisana ngqo noluntu.
Nanjengoko amalungu ahloniphekileyo esazi, urhulumente wethu ulenze iphulo lokulwa norhwaphilizo laba yenye yezinto ezisengcupheni ezifun' ingqwalasela. Oku kuyabonakala, phakathi nje kwezinye izinto, kuwiso-mthetho, kwimigaqo nemimiselo yolawulo lwabaseburhulumenteni kunye nabaphathiswa ngokunjalo, kubuhlakani noluntu namashishini, kuquka iminxeba yoqhagamshelwano elwa norhwaphilizo.
Kusenokwenzeka ke ukuba iinkqubo zokulwa nezokohlwaya abarhwaphilizi azikho mgangathweni, kodwa ngokwembono yeenkqubo zikarhulumente sisenokuzixolisa ngelithi ngaphaya kwama-70 ekhulwini amatyala orhwaphilizo - athe angeniswa ngokusetyenziswa kwamaziko osasazo-zindaba ayapapashwa, ngenxa yokuba urhulumente eye wakubhaqa okugwenxa okwenzekayo wenza into ngako.
Amaziko oshishino abucala nawo ajamelene nemingeni efanayo nale. Ekugqibeleni, umngeni esijamelene nawo sisonke ungolawulo nangokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwalo ngokuthe gqolo.
Malungu ahloniphekileyo, ndiqinisekile ukuba siyavumelana sisonke ukuba ubomi besizwe sethu buxhomekeke ikakhulu kwinkqubela esiyibonisayo ekukhuliseni ubutyebi belizwe nasekuqinisekiseni ukuba iingeniso ezingunozala wokukhula kwezoqoqosho zixhanyulwa ngabemi belizwe bebonke.
Yinto eyaziwa ngumntu wonke ukuba emva kokuma ndawonye kwezoqoqosho ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1980 nasekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1990, uMzantsi Afrika uthe waxhamla kuzinzo lokukhula kwezoqoqosho ukusukela oko ugcino lweenkcukacha zamanani-nkcazo lwathi kwaqalisa ngowe-1940.
Kwishumi leminyaka yokuqala yenkululeko yethu, ukukhula kwezoqoqosho kube ngumyinge we-3 ekhulwini ngonyaka kwaye oku kuthe kwakhula ngomlinganiselo we-5 ekhulwini ngonyaka ukusukela kunyaka ka-2004 ukuya ka-2007.
Ekubeni ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuye ngokufuthelwa kukunyuka kwamanani engqesho nemivuzo, ukuhla kwamaxabiso nenzala kwimali-mboleko, kwenze indima kulo mba; siyakhuthazwa ke ngoko kukukhula okuqhubayo kweenzame zokuphucul' imeko yezoqoqosho.
Ezi ziquka, okokuqala, ukunyuka kwamazinga otyalo-mali kurhulumente nakumacandelo oshishino lwabucala. Ngokubhekiselele kulo mba, kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, besilenga-lenga kwi-16 ekhulwini yokusekwa kwenkunzi eqingqiweyo iyonke nengumyinge wemveliso yelizwe yonyaka-mali (iGDP). Ukunyuka kotyalo-mali kukhawuleze kangangokuba ngoku kumi kuma-22 ekhulwini nekude kufuphi nama-25 ekhulwini elingumyinge ebesizimisele ukuwufumana kuphela ngonyaka ka-2014. Oku kungunozala weenkqubo ezikhethekileyo zikarhulumente zokwandisa izibonelelo zoluntu.
Kungenxa yemigaqo-nkqubo yokwenza ngcono imeko ekhoyo yotyalo-mali yoosomashishini babucala nokulawula imali kaRhulumente neyenkqubo yokusetyenziswa nokulawulwa ngendlela ethi yandise ukufikeleleka kweenkonzo kwaye inciphise nomthwalo wokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto kwangelo xesha linye iqinisekise nozinzo kuqoqosho.
Ukugqalisela ekwenzeni iinguqu kuqoqosho oluncinane kwishumi leminyaka edlulileyo, kunye neenzame ezenziweyo ngokungakumbi ukusuka ku-2004 yokususa imiqobo ngemiqobo , ngendlela enobuchule ziye zaba nefuthe elihle.
Kungenxa yale meko apho kuthe kwabonwa ukuba makumiliselwe i-Accelerated and Shared Growth Initiative, Asgisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iziphazamiso ezizizithinteli ezifana nokuba semva kakhulu kolwakhiwo lwezibonelelo, umanyaniso lwemigaqo-nkqubo namaphulo emizi-mveliso, umngeni kwizakhono, ubunzima kulawulo kwakunye nocikizeko kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente, zijongwe ngeliso elibukhali nangendlela ecwangciseke kakuhle.
Ezoqoqosho lwethu zithe zavuleleka ngaphezulu, kwaye okokoko kwango-1994 luthe lwaye lungena kancinane kwezamazwe ngamazwe. Amaziko emali ethu angumzekelo omhle, othe ngendlela ethile wasikhusela kwizaqhwithi lwezoqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Kambe ke, ukufikeleleka kwawo kuluntu lwethu kusengaphantsi kwezinga ebelilindelekile. Uqoqosho lwethu luxhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto zolimo nezimbiwa ukuba zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe. Ngaphandle kwecandelo lezenkonzo, asibonanga kukhula kukhulu kumacandelo abaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi kwizinto zemveliso.
Ngokunjalo, iqondo lokukhula kwezorhwebo namanye amazwe alubanga loluphezulu njengakwamanye afana neli. Bobu buthathaka kanye obubangele ukuba singene kule meko yokuqhwalela okungaka, ngakumbi xa sathi sangena kumanqanaba okukhula aphezulu. Nangenxa yento yokuba sinezinga eliphantsi lokonga, sinyanzeleke ukuba sithembele kwimali engena kwixesha elifutshane ukuze sikwazi sikhawulelane neli tyala, ngokunjalo namaphulo ethu okutyala imali.
Le yimingeni ekufuneka ilizwe lethu liyiqwalasele, lithethe ngayo kwixesha elizayo.
Okona kubalulekileyo ngulo mbuzo: Yintoni phofu ekufuneka ezoqoqosho zikhule ngayo Ubutyebi benziwe ukwenzela ukuba siphucule indlela abaphila ngayo abantu. Ngoko ke umbuzo wokuba ngaba ukukhula kwezoqoqosho kuxhanyulwa ngokulinganayo na ufanele ukuba ube yintsika yazo zonke ingcamango zezoqoqosho?
Okubalulekileyo, kukuba ukwabelana ngenzuzo kwezoqoqosho makubandakanye ukudala imisebenzi kubantu, luqinisekise ukuba kukho imisebenzi ephucukileyo. Ngokwenene, kusenza sizingce ukuba phakathi ko-1995 kunye no-2003, ezoqoqosho zithe zavula amathuba emisebenzi asisigidi esinesiqingatha, kwaye ke okuncomeka ngakumbi, kukudala malunga nemisebenzi engama-500 000 ngonyaka phakathi ko-2004 kunye no-2007.
Ngeli xesha likhankanyiweyo, okokuqala okoko kwabakho inkululeko, imisebenzi eyathi yenziwa ngonyaka yaba ngaphezulu kwenani labangena okokuqala kwimarike yemisebenzi, yaza ke loo nto yanciphisa izinga lokungasebenzi ukusuka ku-31 ekhulwini ngo-2003 ukuya ku-23 ekhulwini kunyaka ka-2007.
Eneneni, le nto akufuneki ilisithe uxanduva lwethu lokuqhuba nokugoca-goca umba womgangatho kule misebenzi, kubandakanya namalungelo kunye nenzuzo abathi bazixhamle abasebenzi.
Ukwabelana ngenzuzo yokukhula kwezoqoqosho kufuneka ukuba kudityaniswe nokukhawuleziswa kokubonelelwa kwababefudula besingelwe phantsi, ngokunjalo kubandakanye noxhobiso lwabamnyama ngokubanzi kwezoqoqosho, BBEE.
Le nto ayingomsebenzi wezinto ezibizwa ngokuba zizinto ezifuna ukwenziwa ngokobuhlanga. Ngokwenyaniso, ilizwe elingaqinisekisiyo ngokubandakanyeka kwabo bonke abantu kuzo zonke izigaba zezinto zezoqoqosho, liza kuba neziphumo ezingaphantsi kunoko bekufanelekile ngokwamandla alo.
Into yokuba ushishino lwabucala lusilele ekuguquleni ukumelwa kweendidi zonke zoluntu kumanqanaba olawulo nakwimisebenzi efuna izakhono, kuphuhliso lwamashishini, njalo, njalo, yenza ukuba ilizwe lethu lihambe emva kakhulu ngakwicala lokukhula okuphezulu.
Ukwabelana ngenzuzo yezoqoqosho kukwathetha inxaxheba yocikizeko kunye nobulungisa yelizwe ekusebenziseni icandelo lezemali njengesixhobo sokwahlula kunye nokwabelana ngomthwalo onzima wokubonelela ngempahla kuluntu.
Amalungu ahloniphekileyo anganolwazi ngenxalenye yezinto ezinxulumene neentlawulo zentlalontle. Ndiza kucaphula, ngokunjalo, imizekelo embalwa kwakhona ukucacisa uhlobo lwempumelelo esibe nayo kwakunye nemingeni esijongene nayo.
URhulumente uva kabuhlungu yaye unolwazi ngenkxwaleko yentlupheko esaqhubayo eyandileyo kuluntu lwethu, kwaye nezinga lokungalingani luphakame kakhulu.
Kule minyaka ili-15 sithe sasebenza ngamandla sizama ukulwa nesi sibetho ngendlela apha yokunika abantu imali yentlalontle.
Okokuqala, umlinganiselo wentlupheko ngokwemali waye wehla kakhulu ukusukela emva kokuguquka kwenkulungwana. Oku kuhla kwenziwe kakhulu kukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwenkcitho kwimali yentlalontle ukusuka ku-2002. Le mpucuko ibonakaliswa nakukufikeleleka kweenkonzo ezingundoqo - ukuhla okukhawulezileyo kwintlupheko ngokwezinto kwaye kwandulela ukuhla kwentlupheko ngokomlinganiselo wemali. Okwesibini, nangona kuye kwaba kukhulu ukuhla kwiqondo lentlupheko, umyinge wokungalingani waye wenyuka koo-1990. Okwesithathu, izinto ezibangela intlupheko nokungalingani zizo eziba sisiseko semeko yemigaqo-nkqubo ngokubanzi [P] Intlupheko ihlile okokoko kwathi kwakho inguqulelo, kodwa ... ukungalingani akuphucukanga.
Kumakhaya ekukho nabantwana (abo baneminyaka eli-17 nangaphantsi), inani lamakhaya awaye achaza ngomntwana othe walamba laye lehla kakhulu (ukusuka ngaphezulu nje kancinane kwi-31% laya kwi-16%) phakathi ko-2002 no-2006. Le nto ibonakalisa ukuba iqondo lentlupheko lithe laphucuka ngokungenakuchazwa, ngokungakumbi phakathi kwabo bantu banamava kakhulu ngokuhluthwa kwentlalo-ntle. Izinga lendlala phakathi kwabantwana lithe lehla ngesiqingatha kwisithuba seminyaka mine.
Ngokwenene, ezi nkcazelo ziyangqinwa naluphando esilwenzileyo olubonakalisa ukuba intlupheko ngokwengeniso, ngokungakumbi phakathi kwabantu abantsundu nabebala, iye yehla ngokungakumbi ngenxa yeziphumo zokuphakama kwezinga lokuqeshwa nokunikwa kwabantu izibonelelo zemali yesondlo. Ngeli xesha inani labantu ababefumana esi sibonelelo yayizizigidi ezi-2.5 ngo-1999, liye lenyuka laya kutsho kwi-12,4 lezigidi ngo-2008.
Okukakhulu oku kuthe kwenziwa ngenxa yokwanda kakhulu kofikeleleko lobonelelo ngemali yesondlo sabantwana ethe yanda ukusuka kuma-34 000 abathi baxhamla kule mali ngo-1999 ukuya kwi-8,1 yezigidi ngo-2008.
Njengenxalenye yokuphucula ingeniso kwabahluphekileyo, kujoliswe ekubeni amathuba emisebenzi adalwayo afike kwisigidi ngendlela ye-Expanded Public Works Programme eyaphumelela ngo-2008, kusasele unyaka omnye kuleya yojoliso logunyaziso lwangonyulo luka-2004. Le nto yenze amathuba aphangaleleyo ekwandiseni le nkqubo nokuphucula izinga lomgangatho layo.
Ngokubhekiselele kufikelelo lwamakhaya kwiinkonzo ezingundoqo, amanani ayazithethela ngokwawo.
ku-88 ekhululwini ngo-2008.
Ubungqina bobonelelo ngemali yentlalontle bubonakala ngophucuko olukhulu lofikelelo kwizibonelela zothintelo lwezifo. Namhlanje inani eliyi-95% yabantu base-Mzantsi Afrika bahlala kufutshane neendawo ezinikezela ngezempilo kangangomgama ongaphantsi kwe-5km, yaye sixelelwa ukuba zonke ikliniki ngoku zinamanzi okusela. Ukugonywa kwabantwana kuthe kwanda nge-85 ekhulwini kunye nenani labafunyanwa sisifo seMalariya lithe lehla noko.
Siyakhuthazwa ziziphumo zophando ezibonakalisa ukuba intsholongwane yesifo ugawulayo iHIV nayo iyehla nenani labantu abasulelekayo.
Ngaphezu koko iphulo lethu lonyango lwe-antiretrovial asikuko nokuba lelona likhulu ehlabathini, koko landa ngamaxesha onke, linangaphezu kwama-690 000 ezigulana ezithe zanokunikwa ukhuseleko lonyango lwe-antiretrovial okoko yaqalayo le nkqubo.
Kanti ke iindawo ezininzi apho kufumaneka uncedo lokunyangwa azisoloko zinawo amayeza afunekayo, izinga labasebenzi elifanelekileyo, nendlela engaguqukiyo yokunikezela ngenkonzo ezingundoqo ezifana nokuba namanzi acocekileyo nombane. Olunye lolu ncedo luhlobo ekulawulwa ngalo elukumgangatho ophantsi, kwaye nabasebenzi kusafuneka ukuba baphucule indlela abasebenza ngayo.
Ngakwezemfundo, kuthe kwabakho ukuhla kwezinga lamanani abafundi ngotitshala ngamnye, phantse ufikelelo lwabantwana bonke ngokuphathelele kubhaliso lwabantwana ezikolweni zaseprayimari, kukwakho nokuphucuka kwinani labantwana besikolo abathi baphumelele kwizibalo, ukucaphula imizekelo embalwa.
Kwangaxesha linye, zininzi iinzame zokuphucula izibonelelo kwiindawo ezihlelelekileyo.
Kakade, siyayazi ukuba izinga lokuyeka isikolo, ngakumbi kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo neeyunivesithi, liphakame ngendlela engamkelekanga, yaye nemfundo kusafuneka ivelise indlela eyiyo yokuxhobisa ngezakhono ezizizo nezifunekayo eluntwini.
Ukongeza, indlela ehamba ngayo impumelelo, kokubini ekufundiseni nasekufundeni, ibonisa ukuzingisa okungonwabisiyo kokwahlukana kwamandulo kwamazinga entlalo.
Ngelishwa, apho imfundo ifuneka kakhulu khona ukwenzela ukunceda ekoyiseni ukuzingisa kwentlupheko, kulapho zingaxolisi ngokupheleleyo izibonelelo, ulawulo nezakhono zootitshala.
Amaphulo kaRhulumente okubonelela abantu ngentlalontle nawo athe aliphucula izinga lokuba nezinto kwabahluphekileyo, ngendlela yokunikezela ngezindlu ezizizigidi ezi-2,6 zoncediso-mali.
Masiyivume into yokuba iphulo lokwabiwa ngokutsha komhlaba (Land Redistribution Programme), kwakunye nenkxaso enikwa emva kokuhlaliswa kule mihlaba, noko bekufanele ukuba iye ibe yenziwe ngokukhawuleza nangcono.
Ngokubanzi, siyazidla ngomhlaba esiwuhambileyo kumaphulo ethu entlalontle, kodwa akufuneki saneliswe nje bubungakanani botshintsho olwenzekileyo.
Nokuba kukwezemfundo, ezempilo, ezezindlu, amanzi okanye ezococeko, umbuzo osoloko usijikelezile ngazo zonke iintsuku ngowokuba siliphucule njani izinga lezi nkonzo. Kule ndawo kusafuneka sihambe indlela eyiyo.
Baphathiswa abahloniphekileyo, isibetho solwaphulo-mthetho sisahleli singumngeni apha kubantu boMzantsi-Afrika. Amava emihla ngemihla, kwabahluphekileyo nabatyebileyo abangabamelwane ayafana nje, ngawokuhlala exhaleni lokuhlaselwa ngokungenalusini.
Phakathi kwamaziko karhulumente nazimeleyo, ukwenzeka kwezenzo ezingekho mthethweni zokutyhuthula ngorhwaphilizo kusoloko kusenza inkxalabo.
Kakade, izinga lolwaphulo-mthetho ngokubanzi, elaye lenyuka ngo-2002, liye lasoloko lithe gqolo ngokuhla. Maninzi amanani-nkcazo anokuthi anikwe anokukungqina oku.
Kambe ke siyazi ukuba ukunciphisa akukhange kukhawuleze ngokufanelekileyo khange kube kwi-7 ekhulwini ukuya kwi-10 ekhulwini kwizinga ebesizibekele lona kwiintlobo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezahlukeneyo. Into yokuba izenzo zobundlobongela bokuphangwa eemakhayeni nakumashishini zithe zanda, kwaye nobundlobongela obujolise komama nabantwana abudambanga kwaphela, yenza inkxalabo enkulu kakhulu.
Oku kubonakalisa ukungomeleli kwiindawo esihlala kuzo, ngokungakumbi xa sifuna ukwakha ubudlelane ekuhlaleni kwethu obuya kuthi buncede ekuthinteleni nasekulweni nolwaphulo-mthetho . Olu lwaphulo-mthetho lubonakalisa nobu-ethe-ethe kwinkqubo yezobulungisa yethu kulwaphulo mthetho, ukusuka ekuphandeni ulwaphulo-mthetho ukuya kululeko lwezaphuli-mthetho. Loo nto ibonakalisa ukuhla kocikizeko kwinkqubo yasezinkundleni, ngokuphathelele kubugcisa nezibonelelo nolawulo. Le yimiba ebanzi ekufuneka kuqalwe ngayo ukulungisa inkqubo yezobulungisa.
Kwaye ngoku, nakubeni sizigxeka kangaka nje, akufuneki silahlekane nenyaniso yokuba le nkqubo siyivandlakanyayo yinkqubo exhaswa ngcono kakhulu kunokwangaphambili kweli lizwe lethu.
Le nto ibangelwe luguqulo lwala maziko athe aluqhuba, ngokuphathelele kwinkolelo yawo esekelwe phezu kokuxatyiswa kwamalungelo oluntu, kwindlela abaxubeke ngayo abantu abasebenza kuwo ngokweendidi kwakunye nenkqubo yokwamkela uxanduva lokuphendula.
Kodwa masingazikhohlisi: Njengakuzo kuzo zonke iinkalo zentlalo yethu, olu guqulo lusekwizinga eliphantsi. Kusekude ngaphambili.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba amalungu abekekileyo angandivumela xa ndisithi ubuntu benkqubo yethu yolawulo lwentando yesininzi kufuneka buzibonakalise ngendlela esizinikele ngayo ekukhathaleleni abo bakowona mngcipheko mkhulu.
Kule nkalo ke siye saqinisekisa, ngowisomthetho, ngemvumelwano yezizwe, ngemigaqo nangamaphulo, kuthathwa amanyathelo abonakalayo okuphucula iimeko zabantwana, oomama, abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye nabantu abadala.
Ngokusebenzisa amaphulo okubhengeza nobuhlakani esibusekileyo nemibutho emele la maqela asesichengeni kangaka, sikwazile ukuphucula ulwazi lwawo malunga nemiba leyo ibachaphazelayo, saza samana sikhuthaza nokufakwa kwale miba kwizinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka.
Yinto esifanele ukuba nelunda ngayo, ngokomzekelo, amakhaya anentloko ezingabafazi akwazile ukufumana isixa esingaphezulu sobonelelo ngentlalontle, kuquka nezindlu kunye nolondolozo lwempilo, kwaye phakathi kwawona maphulo aye aba nempumelelo kuye kwabakho namaphulo okugonywa kwabantwana nokubonelelwa kwabo ngesondlo.
Kambe ke ufikelelo kumathuba emisebenzi kuseyingxaki enkulu kumabhinqa asezilalini, kulutsha kunye nakubantu abakhubazekileyo. Intsholongwene sikagawulayo sibahlasela kanobom abantu abatsha ababhinqileyo. Ubudlova obenziwa koomama kunye nabantwana buphakame kakhulu.
Zonke ezi zingumsebenzi oza kwenziwa kwilixa elizayo.
Mama uSomlomo kunye noSihlalo ohloniphekileyo, le ke yeminye yemizekelo ebalaseleyo yenkqubela ethe yeza nenkqubo yolawulo lwesininzi nathe urhulumente wayenza ekufezekiseni ugunyaziso awalunikwa ngabavoti. Ayinakuphikiswa into yokuba, nangawuphi na umlinganiselo, inkqubela eyenziwe ukusukela ngo-1994 iyancomeka, kodwa ayithandabuzeki into yokuba imingeni yona isahleli imikhulu.
Ndihambe loo ndlela inde ukuya kufika enkululekweni. Ndizamile ukuba ndingangcangcazeli; ndizenzile impazamo endleleni. Kodwa kendifumanise imfihlelo yokuba emva kokunyuka intaba enkulu, umntu uye afumanise ukuba kusekhona ezinye ezininzi iintaba ekufuneka azinyuke. Ndithathe ithutyana apha ndakhe ndaphumla, ukuba ndikhe ndibukele imbonakalo entle kunene youndingqongileyo, ndijonge nangasemva apho ndisuka khona. Kodwa ndingakhe ndithi khebevu okwethutyana nje, ngokuba inkululeko iza noxanduva, ngoko ke akufuneki ndihlale kakhulu, kuba indlela yam ende ayikapheli.
Kwinyangana nje ezimbalwa ukususela ngoku, abemi belizwe lethu baza kubhengeza iinkokeli abangathanda ukuba ziqhubele phambili nalo msebenzi ubalulekileyo weli tshantliziyo lomzabalazo kunye nabanye abaseka intando yesininzi kwilizwe lethu.
Nangona indlela esizenza ngayo izinto zahluka-hlukane, iinjongo ekufuneka siqiniseke ngazo zicaciswe kakuhle kuMgaqo-siseko wethu, okokuba sakhe ubunye ngokungenamkhethe webala, namkhethe wasini, uluntu olukhululekileyo nolunempumelelo oluthi lwenze indima ebonakalayo ekwakhiweni kwelizwe elingcono.
Kwiminyaka emi-6 edlulileyo, inkokeli zabantu bethu zadibana kwiGrowth and Development Summit zaza zafikelela kwisivumelwano ngemisebenzi esifanele ukuba sonke siyenze ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu baseMzantsi Afrika, ngokukodwa ukunciphisa ngesiqingatha ukungabi namsebenzi kunye nentlupheko ngo-2014.
neenzame zeli nokusetyenziswa kwazo kuphuhliso, kubandakanywa nolwakhiwo lwezibonelelo nofikelelo kwiinkonzo ezingundoqo.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba, ngokwenxenye yezi njongo nokongeza kuzo, abemi boMzantsi Afrika abanakuze bangavumelani ngokubhekiselele kwimfuneko yokuphuculwa kwezemfundo yethu, kweyokubonelela ngeenkonzo zempilo ezinempumelelo, ezifanelekileyo nezinikwa ngokulinganayo, kweyokuphuhlisa iindawo ezisemaphandleni neyokuqinisekisa ngokutya okwaneleyo, kananjalo neyokuqinisa idabi lokuliwa kolwaphulo-mthetho norhwaphilizo.
Ndivelisa le miba kungengakuba iquka konke okanye ngokuyityumba nje siya kuba sizifezile zonke iingxaki zoluntu lwethu. Endaweni yoko, ndikhethe ukuba ndenze njalo ngeenjongo zokubethelela ukuba uMzantsi Afrika awuswelanga mbono. Uxanduva lwethu kukuguqula le mbono siyenze amaphulo neeprojekthi ezinokuqhutywa ngempumelelo.
Ezi njongo kuvunyelwana ngazo ngabantu behlabathi phantse bonke, njengoko, oko kudandalaziswa kwiiNjongo zoPhuhliso zeMinyaka eliWaka zeZizwe eziManyaneyo. [United Nations Millennium Development Goals]. Kanti ke ngoku namhlanje abantu bajongene nengozi yokuhlehliswa kokuphunyezwa kwezi njongo ngeminyaka emininzi, ukuba akukho ngezithuba zeminyaka elishumi leminyaka ezininzi, ngokwenziwa yimeko enkenenkene yezoqoqosho egubungele ihlabathi liphela.
Into eqale nje kancinane ngokobunzima bezimali kumaziko abolekisa ngemali ambalwa, iye yaphumela kwimo emaxongo yetyala kwihlabathi, neziphumo ezibi kwimveliso norhwebo.
Sisenokukugxeka ukunyoluka, ukujonga phambi kweenyawo nokungakhathali kwabaphathi bamaqumrhu amakhulu okudale le ngxaki. Sisenokuyigxeka imigaqo-nkqubo yoorhulumente abangazange base so kwezezimali, koko bavumela le ngozi yeemarike ezingalawulwayo, ukuba yence ubuchithi kwiinkqubo zezimali. Singakwenza konke oku, kwaye siya kuba sinezizathu ngokwenene.
Kanti ke umsebenzi wethu obalulekileyo nongxamisekileyo kukuziqonda iziphumo zezi zinto zenzekayo kuqoqosho lwethu nakwingingqi yethu, ze sizame iindlela zokunciphisa ifuthe lazo, ngakumbi kwabo bakowona mngcipheko mkhulu kuluntu lwethu.
Okona sikwaziyo kukuba imeko yolawulo kwilizwe lethu kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo zohlahlolwabiwo-mali zexa elimiselweyo esithe sayikhetha, sayilandela zisincedisile ekuphepheni umonakalo omkhulu wesimo esibi.
Kambe ke siyazi sonke ukuba ngenxa yokuba siyinxalenye kuqoqosho lwehlabathi, izinga lokufunwa kwemveliso ethunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle lihlile; ukufikelela kwizimali nobutyebi obungenayo kukwimo embi, izinga eliphantsi lokufunwa kweemveliso zethu likhokelele ekucuthweniI kwemveliso, ukudalwa kwemisebenzi kuchaphazeleke kakubi, kwaye kwezinye iindawo udendo luyaqhubeka.
Ezi meko zifike kanye nethuba lokunyuka kwamaxabiso okuthenga nenzala yemboleko ziphezulu kakhulu. Masibulele kuMlawuli weBhanki enguVimba[Reserve Bank], othe izolo noko wayithoba nge-1 ekhulwini.
Zidibene ezi meko aziniki themba ngakwicala lemali esiyifunayo ukuze sikwazi ukwandisa iinkonzo esizinikayo nokuqhuba iiprojekthi zolwakhiwo lwezibonelelo. Ngoko ke siye sanyanzeleka ukuba sibuyise unyawo kobesijolise kuko ekukhuliseni uqoqosho nasekudaleni imisebenzi.
Siyazi kananjalo ukuba uMzantsi Afrika, nangona uchaphazeleka kakhulu nje, awufani namanye amazwe amaninzi. Eneneni, ngeli xesha amanye amazwe ephantsi kweenkxwaleko kuqoqosho okanye eqikelela ukuba kuza kuba njalo, uMzantsi Afrika nelizwekazi liphela basame ekukhuliseni uqoqosho, nakubeni isantya siphantsi.
Kulo mba, malungu abekekileyo, ndiyavuya ukuchaza ukuba kwiindibano phakathi kweOfisi kaMongameli kunye neenkokeli zamaqela okuhlala awahlukeneyo, sivumelene ngokukhangela amanyathelo aza kuthi anciphise umonakalo wale ngxaki kuluntu lwethu. Iqela elisebenza ngale miba lisaxakekile ngumsebenzi, kwaye ezi ntlobo zimbaxa zilandelayo zamanyathelo okhawulelwano aza kuthathwa kusaxoxwa ngazo.
Okokuqala, urhulumente uza kuqhuba ngeeprojekthi zakhe zokutyala imali eluntwini, exabiso lazo likhule laya kwi- R690 yezigidi-gidi kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo. Siya kukhangela ezinye iindlela zokunyusa ingxowa-mali, xa kuyimfuneko kulo mba.
Oku kuza kuquka inkxaso eza kunikwa ngamaziko ethu ezimali zophuhliso nemali-mboleko kwii-arhente zezizwe, kunye nobuhlakani namacandelo oshishino lwabucala nokusetyenziswa kweemali ezilawulwa ngabasebenzi, ezifana neengxowa zomhlala-phantsi.
Okwesibini kufuneka siqinise amaphulo okuqeshwa kwicandelo likarhulumente. Kwelinye icala, izicwangciso zokwandisa ingqesho kumacandelo afana nelezempilo, elezentlalo-ntle, elemfundo nelee-arhente zoqinisekiso lokuthotyelwa komthetho, ziza kuqhubeka. Kwelinye siya kukhawulezisa ukuqaliswa kwesigaba esilandelayo seNkqubo yemiSebenzi yoLuntu eyaNdisiweyo [Expanded Public Works Programme].
Okwesithathu, anokuthathwa amanyathelo okuthintela ukuhla ngokugqithisileyo kotyalo-mali kumacandelo oshishino lwabucala nokuvalwa okungeyomfuneko kweendawo zemveliso okanye iifemu.
Kwelakhe icala urhulumente uya kufaka uya kuyihlengahlengisa indlela yokunika inkxaso-mali neendlela zokukhuthaza, ngeenjongo zokunceda ukulwa nemingeni kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, akhuthaze amaziko ezimali zophuhliso ukuba ancede amashishini akuxakeka ngenxa yobu bunzima.
Ziya kujongwa ezinye iindlela ezinokulandelwa endaweni yodendo, eziquka iiholide ezindana, uqeqesho olongeziweyo, ixesha elifutshane nokwabelana ngomsebenzi. Oku kuya kudityaniswa nokukhuthazwa kwamaphulo okuZingca ngeeMveliso zaseMzantsi Afrika [Proudly South African] namanyathelo angqongqo aya kuthatyathwa ngeempahla ezingeniswa kweli ngaphandle komthetho.
Okwesine urhulumente uya kugcina, aze andise inkcitho kwintlalontle eluntwini, kuquka ukumana kusandiswa isiBonelelo sokuXhasa uMntwana [Child Support Grant] kude kuye kubantwana abakwi-18 leminyaka ubudala nokusondeza iminyaka yokulungela indodla ibe kuma-60 eminyaka kumadoda. Njengoko ke ndigqiba ama-60 kulo nyaka, ndakube ndifanelwe ngumhlala-phantsi.
Ukwaleka, siya kusebenzisa ngokumandla isiBonelelo sokuHlangula uXakeka [Social Distress Relief Grant] namanyathelo okuqinisekisa ngokutya okwaneleyo [food security] kujoliswe ngakumbi kwabo bangenayo i-UIF okanye abo bazigqibileyo izibonelelo zabo.
Siya kuqhuba siwubeka iliso elibukhali umngeni wamanye amashishini amakhulu anamaxabiso aphezulu.. Kulo mbandela, siyiqhwabela izandla ikomishini yokulawula amaxabiso[Competition Commission] ngesandla sabo esingqongqo sokubeka abaphuli-mthetho endleleni.
Siyathemba ke ukuba imibutho yokuhlala iya kuthi ishukume iqinisekise, kwezinye izinto, ukuba njengokuba amaxabiso esihla nje, abantu kufuneka bewavile ukuba ayehla.
La manyathelo aya kusekelwa phezu kwemimiselo yomgaqo-nkqubo wezimali karhulumente obekelwe ixesha elithile. Nakuba kunjalo siya kuqinisekisa ukuba amazinga okuboleka kukarhulumente anobulumko kwaye aza kuba nozinzo. Loo nto ikwathetha ukuthotywa ngokukhawuleza kwamazinga amatyala, karhulumente nanini na zakungathi ziyalunga iimeko.
Iinzame zethu ziya kusekelwa nakukuqonda ukuba amanyathelo okukhusela indalo nokukhawulelana nefuthe lokutshintsha kwemozulu, aya kuxhasa ekudaleni imisebenzi.
Kuzo zombini iindibano ze-G20 nakwezinye iintlanganisela zamaziko adibanisa amazwe, urhulumente wethu ushumayela ukuthathwa kwamanyathelo afanelekileyo nangxamisekileyo, ngakumbi kumazwe aphuhlileyo, apho isuka khona le ngxaki, nalapho imandla khona. Sikholelwa ekubeni ixesha lifikile lokuqinisa ulawulo nokuphatha imithetho yezimali yelizwe ngaphakathi, kodwa ngaphaya koko, ukubeka iliso nokuthabatha amanyathelo angqongqo kwihlabathi liphela akuphepheki kwaye kufanelekile.
Okona kubalulekileyo, kufuneka kananjalo sibukhusele ubulungisa bemithetho yorhwebelwano yehlabathi, sigqibe iingxoxo ezixoxwayo kuMjikelo waseDoha[Doha Round] zorhwebelwano nehlabathi, siqinisekisa nokuba uncedo lophuhliso aluncitshiswa.
Esikufundayo kule mo kukuba kufuneka sizidibanise nabantu abathatha inxaxheba kuqoqosho kumazinga elizwe nawehlabathi, kungengakuba sinqanda kuphela umonakalo wale ngxaki, koko sifuna ukukhangela iindlela zokunqanda ukuba ingenzeki kwakhona.
Kwilizwe lethu, siya kuzibandakanya kula manyathelo njengenxalenye yokufaka uluntu lwethu kwindlela yokukhulisa ngamandla nophuhliso. Ubude bexesha lokufumana into yokusifikelelisa kwawona mazinga empumelelo aphezulu busenokuba buye bongezeleleka noko, kodwa asithandabuzi ukuba elo xesha liza kufika, kungekudala.
Kule nkalo ke, iza kubaluleka kakhulu indlela esilungiselela ngalo ilizwe lethu ukuba likwazi ukuwasebenzisa amathuba awodwa esithe sawafumana. Ndibhekisa apha ngakumbi kwiQumrhu leBhola yeNdebe yeHlabathi [Fifa World Cup] ngonyaka wama-2010 kunye ne-Confederations Cup kwinyangana ezimbalwa ukusukela ngoku. Ngokwenene zonke iiprojekthi nezicwangciso zigqityiwe okanye seziza kugqitywa- ukuqalela kumabala okudlala, ezothutho, ezokhuseleko, imiba yeendawo zokulala, ukuya kwezempilo kunye nezicwangciso zokungena kwabantu abavela kwamanye amazwe - izinto ezo ezigxininisa nethemba abanalo abakwezebhola ekhatywayo kwihlabathi lokuba itumente yethu iya kuba yimpumelelo ngenene. Kwaye siyakholelwa ukuba, emva kweempumelelo ezintlanu zilandelelana, iqela lebhola ekhatywayo lesizwe , lizilungiselela ngokuzithemba ukwenza ngaphaya kobekulindelwe.
Kambe ke, ngaphaya koku, esona sipho sesi siyunguma sisekubonakaliseni kwethu ububele nobuntu boMzantsi Afrika neAfrika kwiindwendwe - ukutshintsha, ngokupheleleyo zonke izinto abazazi zingalunganga ngelizwe nangelizwekazi lethu abantu behlabathi. Ixhomekeke kuthi sonke loo nto, kwaye loo nto asingeke sikuchaze sikugqibe ukubaluleka kwayo.
Sifuna kwesi sigaba ukuba sincome onke amaqela emidlalo athe alibethelela iphulo loMzantsi Afrika lokufuna ugqweso kunyaka odlulileyo. Ukuncoma okukodwa kuya kwiqela leqakamba lethu, elinyuke laya kutsho kumanqwanqwa ehlabathi aphezulu.
Siziintshatsheli zombhoxo kwihlabathi, uGiniel de Villiers neqela lakhe baphumelele iDakar Rally [umdyarho weemoto entlango], Amakrokokroko [Paralympians] ayaqhuba esenza sizingce ngawo, kunye naMajita [under-20 soccer team] enze kakuhle kakhulu kwitumente ebinokhuphiswano oluxhome kakhulu.
Mam'uSomlomo nakuMhlali-ngaphambili, kwiiveki nje ezimbini ezidlulileyo, uMzantsi Afrika neMali ugqibezele ukulondolozwa kweembalo zamandulo zaseTimbuktu. Eli lifa lityebileyo likhomba kwiAfrika njengesalathiso semvela-phi yenzululwazi, uncwadi, ifilosofi, ikhomesi - ezaye zaphazanyiswa lurhwebo lwamakhoboka norhwaphilizo bobutyebi baseAfrika. Eli nyathelo kufuneka lisikhuthaze sisebenze sisonke nezinye izizwe ezikwilizwekazi lethu nezikwimimandla ekude ukuphucula iimeko zoluntu.
Eneneni, kwiminyaka eli-15 edlulileyo siye sazivelela zonke iinkalo kwiinzame zokuqinisekisa ukuba iAfrika ifumana imvuselelo, kwinkulungwane efanele ukuba yaziwe njengeNkulungwane yeAfrika. Lithe chuu ngcembe, ilizwekazi lethu liqhubela phambili kwimvuselelo, nomdla wabantu balo uphezulu kwiiajenda zeenkokeli zabo, ulibethelela ithemba nokomelela kwalo kumanqwanqwa ehlabathi.
Yile nto ke kuphela esenze asadinwa ekuncedeni abantu baseZimbabwe ekufumaneni isisombululo esisiso kwintsumantsumane kwelaa lizwe. Singa kulo mba, singawaqhwabela izandla onke amaqela eZimbabwe ngokuqukumbela iingxoxo, esizisa esona siphumo besikade singumnqweno wabantu belaa lizwe, nommandla ongezantsi welizwekazi uphela: into ethi, urhulumente ozinzileyo nosemthethweni olungele ukusombulula imingeni abajongene nayo abantu. Sivuye ngokwenene xa, izolo ipalamente yaseZimbabwe iphumeze iSilungiso-19 kumgaqo-siseko, ibeka isiseko sokumiliselwa korhulumente wobumbano.
Kungabalulwa ngokukodwa kulo mba umnxulumanisi we-SADC, owasekuba ngumongameli, uThabo Mbeki, neqela lakhe elithe ngokungadinwa nomonde lanceda ukuzisa le nkqubo esiphelweni esiyimpumelelo.
Ngoku umsebenzi wokwakha ngokutsha ungaqalisa ngokunyanisekileyo, kwaye uMzantsi Afrika ukulungele ukunceda apho ukwaziyo. Mayela nalo mba kungxamisekile ukunceda ukujongana nengxaki yokunqongophala kobuntu kwelaa lizwe. Siqinisekile ukuba ngenxa yenkathalo yazo, izizwe ngezizwe ziya kwakha ubuhlobo nabemi baseZimbabwe, njengokuba beqala umzila omtsha.
Siyakhuthazeka kananjalo nakukuthi nangona kungathi akhona amagingxi-gingxana kwinkqubela yabemi baseDemocratic Republic yaseCongo kuhambo lwabo oluya kuzinzo nobutyebi, loo nkqubela ayinakumiswa.
Ubuhlobo obakheke kutshanje phakathi kwabalawuli base-DRC nabaseRwanda buthembisa inkqubela kwimiba yokhuseleko nokujongana nokunqongophala kobuntu, kanti, siyathemba, nakuthetha-thethwano lwezopolitiko. Ngokunjalo siya kuqhuba ukusebenza namanye amazwe nemanyano yeAfrika ukulandela ezi njongo eBurundi, eSudan, eNtshona Afrika, eCÃ´te d'Ivoire, eSomalia nakwezinye iindawo.
Njengoko kungqinwa yinkqubela phambili kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, uMzantsi Afrika uza kusebenzisa inyhweba yokuchophela i-SADC ukuqinisa eli ziko lengingqi libaluleke kangaka, kugxininiswa ngokukodwa ekufezekisweni kwezigqibo zendibano nasekomelezeni ubuqilima obucwangcisekileyo bale ngingqi.
Ngaxeshanye siya kwenza ngcono unxibelelwano lwe-SADC noMdibaniso weMarike (Common Market) weAfrika eseMpuma nesemMazantsi, iComesa, noMbutho oyiEast African Community, i-EAC. La maphulo aza kuthatyathwa ukuze kwandiswe kunokuba kuncitshiswe ubudlelane obunzulu esibuxhamlayo kumanyano lweSouthern African Customs Union, i-SACU.
Sinqwenela ukuba kulo mcimbi ke ukuvuyisana nabemi neenkokeli zaseZambia, eGhana, ngokucacileyo, nakwiMelika kunyulo olumpawu zalo lugqitha imida emxinwa yezizwe zalo. Siya kuthi ke, njengesiqhelo sizame ukomeleza intsebenziswano nala mazwe kunye namanye ekusebenzeleni okulungileyo kuluntu.
Sinenyhweba yokuthi kulo nyaka siqukumbele imibhiyozo yeminyaka elishumi yokuzakuzelana neRiphabliki yabantu baseChina. Kule minyaka idlulileyo kuye kwacaca ngakumbi nangakumbi ukuba kuninzi okuxhanyulwa ngamacala omabini kobu buhlakani bethu.
Sinqwenela ukubethelela ukuzinikela kwethu kubudlelane obusondeleleneyo esithe sabakha neBrazil neIndia ngeIbsa kwanokuqinisa ubulelane ilizwe lethu elithe labakha neRussia kunye namazwe aseAsia noMbindi Mpuma ngokunjalo neLatin America neMelika eseMantla.
Siye savakalisa izihlandlo ngezihlandlo ukukhathazeka kwethu ngodushe oluthe gqolo kwiMpuma eseMbindini (Middle East), ngakumbi kwaSirayeli nasePalestina. Ubunzulu bokudana kwethu kukunyuka kodushe kutshanje nokuphulukana nobomi kwamakhulu-khulu ngakumbi uluntu jikelele kuquka abantwana, abafazi kunye nabadala, asikwazi ukubuchaza.
Akunakubakho kuzithethelela izenzo zokutshabalalisa ngokungakhathali nentswela-mpucuko. Siyathemba ukuthi ngesi isihlandlo iinzame ezintsha zezizwe ngezizwe zokufumana isisombululo esimileyo kolu ngquzulwano ziya kuzisa iziqhamo ukuze amaSirayeli nabasePalestina baxhamle uxolo nokhuseleko njengabamelwane abazimeleyo.
Sivuyisana ngokukodwa norhulumente nabantu baseCuba ngokugqiba kwabo iminyaka engama-50 bengumbuso ozimeleyo kunye nenkululeko yokuzikhethela indlela yenkqubela phambili.
neManyano yaseYurophu, kwaye sinethemba lokuba umoya esiwuphethe ngawo lo mcimbi uya kuhlala uhleli, njengoko sigqibezela uthetha-thethwano lwezivumelwano zoqoqosho (Economic Partnership Agreements) namazwe akwingingqi yethu. Sikuthakazelela kakhulu ukomeleza ngakumbi obu buhlakani xa siququzelela indibano yoMzantsi Afrika ne-EU eza kuqhutyelwa kweli phambili phaya kulo nyaka.
Sikunye namanye amazwe asemazantsi siya kuqhuba ngokulandela isizathu sokuhlengahlengisa izizwe ezimanyeneyo, uvimba wemali yezizwe ngezizwe namanye amaziko anamacala amaninzi ukuze zibonakalise okuguqukileyo nokuguqukayo kwihlabathi nokusebenza ngendlela ekrelekrele yentando yesininzi nobulungisa.
Mam'uSomlomo kunye noSihlalo obekekileyo, ezi nzame zisekelwe kwimimiselo ephambili emibini : kwimfuno yethu yokugqibezela igunya awanikwa lona lo rhulumente ngowama-2004, nemfuneko yokuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente oza kulawula emva konyulo ufumana iqonga elikulungeleyo ukuqalisa ngeenkqubo ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Kwezi nyanga zimbalwa zizayo phambi konyulo lwesizwe nolwamaphondo siza kuzama ukugqibezela olo gunyaziso loluntu.
emva nje kokuba iye yachotshelwa kwindlu yowisomthetho, nokuseka i-arhente yenkqubela yolutsha yesizwe (National Youth Development Agency), ukungeniswa kwe-SADC Protocol yesini nophuhliso (SADC Protocol on Gender and Development) ePalamente, ukuqiniswa ubhengezo lwamalungelo abantu abakhubazekileyo, kwandiswe inani loomasipala abathe baseka amaziko ajongene namalungelo abantwana babe ngaphaya kwamashumi amathandathu ekhulwini.
La maphulo ekunye namanye, kuquka i-Apex Priorities ezachongwa kwintetho kamongameli kwisizwe kwinyanga yoMdumba kunyaka ophelileyo ziziseko zeenzame zethu zokugqibezela ufezekiso logunyaziso loluntu nozokwakha isiseko sekamva.
Siya kwenza ngaphezulu kwiinzame zethu, sikhuthazwa kukuthakazelela, lithemba nokomelela kwabantu baseMzantsi Afrika ekusukeleni okulungele bonke abantu bethu. Oku, isikakhulu, ngumthombo wokuzithemba kwethu xa sisithi isizwe sikwisimo esigqwesileyo. Ulawulo lwentando yesininzi lwethu luphilile. Luthe chu ukukhula nokomelela.
Ngoko ke ngamazwi owayesakuba ngumongameli uMandela, "asinakuhlala ixesha elide, kuba uhambo lwethu olude alukapheli".
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EyoMdumba yinyanga ebalulekileyo ePalamente nakubo bonke abemi baseMzantsi Afrika. Lixesha lokucmngca, ucinga ngekamva kwaye uhlengahlengisa iimfuno zelizwe lethu ngokubaluleka kwamalungelo azo. Rhoqo ngonyaka kweyoMdumba iNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe iyenziwa, xa uMongameli ethetha nesizwe njengenkokeli yombuso.
Yintoni iNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe?
INtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe, kuvulo lwePalamente rhoqo ngonyaka, yintetho ebhekiswa kwisizwe nguMongameli weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika. Le ntetho yenziwa kwiNdibano yoCweyo yeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho (NA) kunye neBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo (NCOP) lasePalamente. Igxininisa kwimeko yezopolitiko egqubayo ngelo xesha kunye nezentlalo-noqoqosho zesizwe. Le ndibano ibizwa nguMongameli kwaye isindlekwa nguSomlomo weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kunye noSihlalo weBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo. Yenye yeendibano ezinqabileyo apho zontathu iingalo zombuso ezibizwa ngokuba siSigqeba esiLawulayo, esimelwe nguMongameli, uSekela Mongameli kunye nabaPhathiswa; abezoMthetho, bemelwe yiNgqonyela yeJaji yelizwe kunye neeJaji ezingooMongameli; kunye nequmrhu leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho elimelwe ngamaLungu ePalamente zihlangana ndawonye. Amalungu oluntu nawo ayamelwa kwiNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe ukuze athathe inxaxheba kulo msitho odlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwakheni isizwe sethu.
Kutheni iNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe ibalulekile?
Kule ntetho, uMongameli uqaqambisa esikuphumezileyo kunye nemiceli-mngeni yonyaka odlulileyo kwaye azobe konke ekufuneka kwenziwe kuloo nyaka. Le ntetho iquka ezopolitiko, ezoqoqosho kunye nemiba yezentlalo kwaye ijongana nemeko jikelele yaseMzantsi Afrika. Icamngca ngemiba yasekhaya eMzantsi Afrika kwakunye nobudlelwane bawo e-Afrika nakumazwe aphesheya. INtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe yindlela ebalulekileyo yokunika ingxelo yokwenzekileyo kunyaka odlulileyo ePalamente nakuluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika kwanokubandakanya uluntu kwi-ajenda yezopolitiko yonyaka ozayo. INtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe ikwabhiyozela isizwe sethu kunye nokusakha.
INtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe ibakho rhoqo kweyoMdumba. Kanti ke, xa kukho unyulo jikelele kubakho iintetho ezimbini kulo nyaka, enye yeyokuphawula iseshoni yokugqibela yePalamente efikelela esiphelweni ize eyesibini yenzeke emva konyulo, xa uMongameli omtsha nePalamente entsha zisaziswa. Ukushenxa kwisiqhelo kweyoMdumba wama-2010, iNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe yenziwa ngorhatya okokuqala, ukunika abemi baseMzantsi Afrika abongezelekileyo ithuba lokubona bangqine okwenziwayo kunye nokumamela intetho kaMongameli. Njengesiphumo salenguquko, inani lababukeli bakamabonakude lanyuka ukusuka malunga nezigidi ezimbini ukuya ngaphantsi nje kwezigidi ezine.
Inxaxheba yoluntu yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yalo msitho. Amalungu oluntu ayamenywa ukuba athathe inxaxheba kulo msitho njengendwendwe ezimenyiweyo zePalamente. Abemi baseMzantsi Afrika abaphuma kulo lonke elaseMzantsi Afrika nabavela kwiPhondo ngalinye babayinxalenye yemiNgcelele yokuNika iMbeko. UMngcelele wokuNika iMbeko, owamkela uMongameli ePalamente, wenziwa ngabemi abaqhelekileyo baseMzantsi Afrika. UMngcelele wabaNtwana wokuNika iMbeko wenziwa ngabantwana abaphuma kwizikolo ngezikolo zelizwe kwaye wona umele ulutsha, othi uMzantsi Afrika unikele kulo ikamva lelizwe. Abemi baseMzantsi Afrika ababalaseleyo basoloko bemenywa ukuba babe yinxalenye yemibhiyozo.
INtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe ingundoqo kwindima yokongamela kunye nokunika ingxelo. Uvavanyo lwenene lentando yesininzi kukuba iPalamente ingakuqinisekisa kangakanani na ukuba urhulumente ahlale enika iimpendulo kuluntu. Ukongamela ngumsebenzi ogunyaziswa nguMgaqo-siseko kwiPalamente ukuba yongamela kwaye ibeke esweni izenzo zikarhulumente.
Amasebe karhulumente alawulwa kakuhle na.
Umsebenzi wokongamela ubangela ukulawulwa kakuhle kwamasebe karhulumente ukuze kuphuculwe ukuziswa kweenkonzo nokuphumeza umgangatho ongcono wobomi kubo bonke abemi.
KwiNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe, uMongameli ujonga ubume besizwe aze amisele iinjongo zomgaqo-siseko nezinto ekufuneka ziphunyeziwe kuloo nyaka. UMphathiswa weziMali ukhokelwa zezi njongo zomgaqo-nkqubo nesicwangciso sezinto ekufuneka ziphunyeziwe xa esenza uHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lonyaka ozayo, olusoloko lusekupheleni kweyoMdumba. Iinjongo zomgaqo-nkqubo nesicwangciso sezinto ekufuneka ziphunyeziwe zenza isiseko esingundoqo sezinto ekufuneka urhulumente ezenzile kunyaka ozayo. Luphawu iPalamente elusebenzisayo ukuze urhulumente aphendule ebantwini, azise iinkonzo, nendlela ethi ichithwe ngayo imali eyabiweyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kweNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe?
Emva kokuba iNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe yenziwe, iye ixoxwe ziziNdlu zombini zasePalamente. Amaqela ezopolitiko abanethuba lokunika ezawo izimvo abuze nemibuzo kwimiba ethe yashukuxwa ngethuba lentetho. Imiba exhalabisayo iziswa ngaphambili neendawo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwisizwe ziyagxininiswa. Uluntu lumenywa ukuba luzimase kwaye lujonge nendlela ehamba ngayo le ngxoxo njengoko ilisiko kuzo zonke iiseshoni zasePalamente, Emva koko, uMongameli uye aphendule kwimiba ephakanyisiweyo nakwimibuzo ezalwa yi.le ngxoxo.
Uthini umxholo wePalamente kulo nyaka?
Umxholo wePalamente wonyaka wama-2011 uthi "Ukubhiyozela ilifa lenkululeko ngokuthi komelezwe ikhonkco phakathi kwePalamente kunye naBantu". Rhoqo ngonyaka iPalamente ichonga umxholo ngokuxhotyiswa yinqwalasela yobuchule bePalamente. Umbuso wenene wentando yesininzi ngonqwenela ukuzuza igunya lawo ebantwini, ngokubamba unyulo rhoqo nokuthatha inxaxheba koluntu okungapheliyo kwinkqubo zikarhulumente. Umxholo ukhuthaza ukuqondwa kwentando yesininzi yomgaqo-siseko apho kuthathwa inxaxheba kwaye kumelwe abantu, apho abemi babandakanywa kwimiba yokwenziwa komthetho nokongamela. Igxininisa indima yePalamente, ekukumela abantu nokuqinisekisa urhulumente wabantu phantsi koMgaqo-siseko. Umsebenzi wePalamente kunye namaLungu ayo kufuneka ugxininise ekomelezeni amakhonkco phakathi kwabantu nabameli babo abonyuliweyo. Impumelelo yePalamente ixhomekeke ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwabo bonke abemi baseMzantsi Afrika ukukhomba indlela yokusebenza kwamaLungu ePalamente anyuliweyo kunye neziko ngokwalo.
Uluntu lungayithatha njani inxaxheba ePalamente?
Ukubandakanyeka kwinkqubo yomsitho weNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe yenye yeendlela uluntu olungabandakanywa ngayo kwiPalamente yabo. Zikhona nezinye iindlela zokuthatha inxaxheba ePalamente kwaye ezi ziquka ukuvota ngexesha lonyulo, ukuzimanya neqela lezopolitiko, uphembelele iqela lezopolitiko ngokuzimanya unganyanzelwanga okanye ube lilungu lombutho ongekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente, ukuqhagamshelana namaLungu ePalamente, ukwenza iziphakamiso okanye ukuthumela uxwebhu lwezikhalazo ePalamente.
IPalamente izinikele ekwenzeni ukuba ifikeleleke kuluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika ngokuthi idale amathuba okuzibandakanya ngokunentsingiselo nokuthatha inxaxheba kwabo bonke: amadoda nabafazi, abafundileyo nabangafundanga, abaphangelayo nabangaphangeliyo, abangakhubazekanga okanye abantu abakhubazekileyo, abahluphekileyo (ingakumbi abahluphekileyo basemaphandleni), kunye nabanye abantu ekujoliswe kubo: bahlangane ize bathethe ngemiba ebhekiselele kwiimfuno ezingundoqo. Iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nePeople's Assembly, Taking Parliament to the People, Women's Parliament kunye neYouth Parliament zonke ngamaqonga ekujoliswe ukubandakanya uluntu ngawo ukuze kuviwe izimvo zabo ngezinto ezibalulekileyo kubo. IPalamente ifuna ukunabisa ukubandakanyeka koluntu nokuthatha inxaxheba ngokuhambelana nomxholo walo nyaka othi "Ukubhiyozela ilifa lenkululeko ngokuthi komelezwe ikhonkco phakathi kwePalamente kunye naBantu".
Ungathanda ukundwendwela ePalamente?
I-Ofisi yezemfundo zoluntu yasePalamente inikezela ngokhenketho lwasePalamente simahla kunye nethuba lokuba uluntu lubone iingxoxo luhleli kwiigalari zeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kunye neBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo. Amalungiselelo angenziwa ukuze uluntu luhlangane namaLungu ePalamente kwaye luzimase iiNDibano zovakaliso zimvo okanye iintlanganiso zeeKomiti. UKuba awukwazi ukuza ePalamente, ungakhangela iwebsite yethu www.parliament.gov.za uze ufumane ukhenketho lwePalamente ngemifanekiso yekhompyutha kuyo nayiphi na indawo okuyo ehlabathini.
INtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe iza kwenziwa kwakhona ngorhatya, ngomhla we-10 kweyoMdumba 2011.02.
ISONA yahlulwa kathathu. Okokuqala kuthatha inxaxheba uluntu xa uMngcelele wokunika iMbeko usamkela uMongameli neendwendwe zakhe njengokuba behamba kwikhaphethi ebomvu. Oku kulandelwa ngumsitho wombuso oquka ukudutyulwa ngompu izihlandlo ezingama-21 kunye noMkhosi waseMoyeni obhabha ngeenqwelomoya udlula ePalamente ize ekugqibeleni iNtetho elindelwe ngabomvu.
AmaLungu oMkhosi wezoKhuselo lweSizwe aseMzantsi Afrika agudla indlela aza kuthatha yona uMongameli ukuya ePalamente.
UMngcelele wokunika iMbeko woMkhosi nawo uthatha inxaxheba kulo msitho kwaye iqela lawo leentambula lidlala umhobe wesizwe waseMzantsi Afrika.
Ukudutyulwa kompu izihlandlo ezingama-21 kunika imbeko kwiNkokeli yoMbuso, iflegi yesizwe, iNkokeli yoMbuso yelizwe langaphandle, ilungu losapho lwasebukhosini obuphetheyo kunye nowayesakuba yiNkokeli yoMbuso.
Ukwakha iPalamente yabantu esebenzayo ejongene neemfuno zabantu eqhutywa liphupha lokuzalisekisa uhlobo lobomi obungcono kubantu bonke boMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>Hansards. Submission.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
As the residents of Harry Gwala Park, we have been registering for houses for quite a long time but we do not get them. We have registered three times, but we do not get them. We are asking for assistance from your side. Recently we tried to register for the last time but still our names are not on the waiting list.
We were promised to get other names which are on the list but we do not see them coming up instead time is passing. The only thing happening is that people from Mthatha are getting their houses and we do not know where they were registered. We are renting while waiting for our houses. We have submitted our documents and it is nice to do so but there is nothing happening. We are earnestly asking for houses.
Bellinah Lepheana - 0784874673. We do not get houses and we do not have places to stay. I want to know what the problem is with us here in Harry Gwala Park.
Tebogo Ndlovu 0849713502. I am not satisfied because even though I registered for a house, I have not yet received it. I pay R600 rent a month. I am staying in Matatiele where I was born. I do not know what I must do to get the house, if there is a chance of buying one then I am willing to buy.
Moipone Rantle, 7308110067089, 0726944617 Harry Gwala Park 1867. I am renting this house and I stay with my three children. I have been working in PB for eight years. I am asking for my own house.
Dieketseng Sehashe 0833734135. I am asking for assistance. I do not have a place to stay. I do not get a house and I have been waiting for too long now. I do not stay in one place for a long time. I change places all the time and I do not stay in one place for six months.
<fn>Hansards. VirtualTour.2010-02-19.xh.txt</fn>
Wamkelekile kwiPalamente yoMzantsi Afrika, iPalamente yenkulungwane yama-21!
Le Palamente yeyabantu ngokupheleleyo!
Umbono wethu kukwakha iPalamente yabantu esabela kwiimfuno zabantu kwaye eqhutywa liphupha lokuphumeza ubomi obungcono kubantu bonke baseMzantsi Afrika.
Sizama ukuqinisekisa ngeenkqubo zethu ukuba uluntu olubekelwe bucala lusoloko lubandakanywa.
Indima nesona siphumo sePalamente kukumela abantu kunye nokuqinisekisa ngorhulumente wabantu phantsi koMgaqo-siseko.
Oku kuphumelela ngokupasiswa kwemithetho, ukongamela izenzo zikarhulumente nokubandakanya uluntu ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zePalamente.
UMgaqo-siseko ngowona mthetho mkhulu weRiphabliki kwaye usisiseko solawulo lwentando yesininzi kunye noluntu olukhululekileyo apho urhulumente asekwe ngokwentando yabantu nalapho ummi ngamnye welizwe ekhuselwe ngumthetho ngokulinganayo.
Imisa iinqobo neendlela zokusebenza zolawulo lwentando yesininzi olubeka abantu esazulwini salo.
IPalamente yenziwe ngabameli babantu abangama-400 abonyulwe ngokukhululekileyo abangabeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
Amaphondo amelwe ePalamente kwiBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo elenziwa ngabathunywa abali-10 kwiphondo ngalinye.
IPalamente yethu yentando yesininzi iyazingca ngembali yokumelwa ngabasetyhini.
Abasetyhini ngoku bangama-43% wamaLungu.
Ukusukela ngowe-2009, sibekwe kwindawo yesithathu ehlabathini ngokuphathelele kubameli abangabasetyhini.
Inani ekujoliswe kulo labameli basetyhini ePalamente ngama-50%.
IPalamente yethu yokuqala yentando yesininzi yowe-1994, njengomnye wemithetho yokuqala, yonyula uMongameli uNelson Mandela njengentloko karhulumente.
Ngomhla wama-24 kuCanzibe 1994 uMongameli uMandela wenza iNtetho yakhe yokuqala yoVulo lwePalamente kwindibano yeziNdlu zombini zePalamente yokuqala eyonyulwe ngokwentando yesininzi.
Ukusukela ngoko iPalamente yamkela uMgaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika ngonyaka we-1996 yaza yapasisa ngaphezu kwewaka lemithetho emitsha!
Ingaba ukulungele na ukuhlola iipaseji zale Palamente inamandla kangakanana?
Masiqhubeke nokhenketho lwethu lwePalamente yoMzantsi Afrika!
Olu khenketho lugxininise kwimimandla emithathu yePalamente, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Old Assembly, (INdlu yoWiso-mthetho endala) iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho (National Assembly) kunye neBhunga leSizwe lama Hondo (National Council of Provinces).
Thatha ixesha lakho uPhonononge!...
Le yiParliament Street. Izindlu ezibizwa ngokuba yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, iBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo kunye neTuynhuys zifumaneka kwesi sitalato apho ii-ofisi zikarhulumente kwakunye nee-ofisi zemibutho esePalamente zikhoyo. UMongameli uhamba kwisitalato iParliament xa esiya kwenza iNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho qho ngonyaka kwindibano yeziNdlu zombini zePalamente. Ngexesha leNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe eyaziwa ngokuba "kukuVulwa kwePalamente", kuwo omabini amacala eParliament Street kuma uludwe lwabantu abanika imbeko.
ISlave Lodge yindawo yeenkumbulo kunye nesikhumbuzo. Yakhiwa yiDutch East India Company ngonyaka we-1679. Yasebenza njengesihlalo seBhunga leeNgcebiso phambi kokwakhiwa kwePalamente yaseKoloni, kwaye yayikwasetyenziswa njengesakhiwo see-ofisi zikarhulumente, iNkundla ePhakamileyo, iPosi yaza ekugqibeleni yasebenza njeMuziyam yokugcina iMbali yeNkcubeko.
Ngexesha leNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe uMongameli kunye nemingcelele emkhaphayo ihamba kwikhaphethi ebomvu ukusuka eSlave Lodge ukuya kwindibano yezindlu zombini zePalamente eba kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
IMarks Building ifumaneka ngaphesheya kwesakhiwo seBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo eParliament Street. Yakhiwa ngonyaka we-1904, iMarks Building ngoku ilikhaya lemibutho yezopolitiko ephikisayo kunye nabaqeshwa bayo. Ngaphambili yayisetyenziswa yiNdlu yabaThunywa kwiPalamente engunxantathu, ngaphambi konyaka we-1987. IPalamente engunxantathu (okanye enamagumbi amathathu) yangonyaka we-1985 yayinamagumbi abaMhlophe, abeBala kunye namaNdiya kodwa abantu abaMnyama bona babebekelwe bucala.
I-Africa House ibekwe ngobuchule embindini wezakhiwo zePalamente ngaphesheya kweNdlu yoWiso-mthetho. Yayikade isetyenziswa njenge-ofisi yeKomishoni ePhezulu yaseBrithani, kwaye ngokunje ilikhaya leKomiti eDibeneyo yezobuNtlola kunye nezinye ii-ofisi zasePalamente.
Phakathi e-Africa House kukho izinto zakudala zemisebenzi wobuchule bezandla ezenziwe apha eMzantsi Afrika: ibhokisi eyenziwe ngomthi iMimosa obudala bungama-350 eminyaka owathi wawiswa ngumoya owawuvuthuza ngamandla ovela emazantsi-mpuma ngowe-1892. Intonga yegunya kaSomlomo wePalamente yayigcinwa kule bhokisi iminyaka emininzi.
Igama elithi "Stal" ngesiXhosa lithetha isitali samahashe. Isango elikhulu lokuqala elingena eStalplein, eyathiywa ngenxa yezitali zeRhuluneli yaseKoloni, lalikwiCompany Gardens kwicala laseTuynhuys, eyaqalisa ubomi njengendawo yokugcina izixhobo zokusebenza iVOC eyaziwa njengeDutch East India Company eyathi emva kwethuba yasetyenziswa zizo zonke iiRhuluneli zaseKoloni. Izakhiwo zePalamente ezalandelayo zaya zisondela njengokuba kusakhiwa amanye amacandelo, de kwangonyaka we-1988 xa kwakusakhiwa iphiko elitsha elineNdlu yoWiso-mthetho elaya kufikelela eTuynhuys. Ngexesha leendibano zePalamente, uMongameli usebenzisa isakhiwo iTuynhuys njenge-ofisi yakhe esemthethweni. ITuynhuys ilawulwa ngokuzimeleyo.
Kwade kudala iPalamente le ibithetha izinto ezahlukileyo kubantu abohlukileyo. Kwisango elingena ePalamente elikwisitalato iRoeland, umqingqwa okhwele ihashe weNjengele uLouis Botha ubangela ukubuzwa kombuzo othi: Sithini na ngamaqhawe amatsha esizwe Ukanti ke, lo mqingqwa ngowesiXeko saseKapa. Imida yePalamente ekwisitalato iPlein iphawulwe ngeengcingo kunye neCompany Gardens kwicala elisentshona. Isango lokungena elikwisitalato iRoeland libonelela ngendlela yokungena kwamalungu kunye nabasebenzi basePalamente kwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba yokumisa izithuthi?
Ngexesha lombhiyozo wokuvulwa kwePalamente nezinye iziganeko zeSizwe, iDangatye leeNkumbulo liyavuthiswa ePalamente ukunika imbeko kubo bonke abawa kwiimfazwe ezibandakanya uMzantsi Afrika. UMongameli woMzantsi Afrika yiNkumanda eseNtloko yomkhosi.
IZiko leeNdwendwe lifumaneka kwiPosi endala eyinxalenye yezakhiwo zePalamente ngoku. IPalamente yamkela iindwendwe ezivela kufutshane nakude kwaye abafundi bamkeleke nangakumbi. Ngaphezu kwama-25 000 eendwendwe zikhenketha iPalamente minyaka le. Iindwendwe zicelwa ukuba zibonise izazisi ezisemthethweni ngaphambi kokuba zivunyelwe ukungena ePalamente. Kuye kuxakekwe nangakumbi xa ilixesha lentetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe (ekwabizwa njengokuba luvulo lwePalamente lonyaka) okanye xa uMphathiswa wezeziMali esenza intetho yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
IPoorthuis eyaziwa njengokuba yiGate House lisango eliya e-Old Assembly (isakhiwo seNdlu yoWiso-mthetho esidala). Ubani kufuneka agqithe kwisango loonogada xa engena. Ngaphakathi nje kweli sango kukho iimitha zokuqala ezingama-30 zelaphu elihonjisiweyo elixhonywe edongeni elenziwa kuQobo-qobo (Keiskamma Tapestry)(jonga kwiHotspot).
Emva kokonyuka amanqwanqwa ukuya kwisango lobukhosi lesakhiwo seNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, ubani unyathela umgangatho weholo yeNdlu yoWiso-mtheto owenziwe ngethayile zelitye eligudisiweyo elibizwa ngokuba yimabhile. Isango elingena eholweni liya kwisango lokungena amaLungu. Kukho izinyuko ezimbini kwicala ngalinye lesango elingena eholweni eziya kwigumbi likawonke-wonke eziphezulu, igumbi loonondaba, amagunjana aBathunywa kunye nee-ofisi. Ngexesha leNtetho yoVulo lwePalamente kunye notyelelo looRhulumente kuqengqwa ikhaphethi ebomvu eholweni eya kwisango lamalungu.
Eli gumbi likhaya leendibano zocweyo zeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe kunye neendibano zezindlu zePalamente zombini. Ngoku, amaLungu ePalamente angama-400 adibanela apha ukuze apasise imithetho kunye nokongamela izenzo zikarhulumente. UMongameli uhlala ekunene kukaSomlomo, kwisitulo esinembasa. Ekunene kukaSomlomo kuhlala elona qela lezopolitiko likhulu ukuze ekhohlo kuhlale imibutho ephikisayo. Kwakukweli gumbi apho owayesakuba nguMongameli uFW de Klerk wathi ngexesha loCalucalulo wabhengeza ngokuvulwa komlomo kwe-ANC kunye namanye amaqela ezopolitiko. Kwiintsuku ezilithoba emva koko, ngomhla we-11 kweyoMdumba ngowe-1990 uNelson Mandela wathi wakhululwa entolongweni emva kweminyaka engama-27 evalelwe. Kwinkonzo endilisekileyo nechukumisayo ngonyaka we-1994, uMnu Mandela wathi wamkelwa njengoMongameli wokuqala onyulwe ngokwentando yesininzi eMzantsi Afrika.
Iqonga eliphambi kwesitulo sikaSomlomo lisetyenziswa ngexesha lotyelelo loorhulumente okanye nguMongameli okanye aBaphathiswa abaphendula imibuzo. Ngexesha leengxoxo, okanye xa ilungu lisenza ingxelo basebenzisa eli qonga, kodwa bangazibhengeza iziphakamiso okanye babuze imibuzo kwaye bangenza iziphakamiso zonqwanqwado kwiindawo abahleli kuzo, ezifakwe izixhobo zokwandisa isandi. Kwisitulo ngasinye kukho izixhobo zekhompyutha ezisetyenziselwa ukuvota ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu avota ekhusini, kodwa umbutho ngamnye uyakwazi ukubona ukuba mangaphi amalungu awo awuvoteleyo okanye angawuvotelanga umthetho lowo.
Isitulo sikaSomlomo sifumaneka kwiqonga eliphakamileyo ekupheleni kwegumbi leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe. Kulapho uSomlomo athi ongamele zonke iinkqubo zeNdlu.
USomlomo wokuqala wePalamente yentando yesininzi, ugqirha Frene Ginwala, walungiselela iinkokheli zamaqela amancinane ukuba zihlale kwizitulo ezingaphambili ukuze abavoti bakwazi ukuzibona iinkokheli zamaqela abawavoteleyo. Xa kukho iindibano yeziNdlu zombini, efana neNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe, izitulo ziyongezwa phakathi kwamacandelo omabini ukulungiselela amalungu avela kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe.
IGumbi elidala leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho lalisetyenziswa yiPalamente ukusukela ekusekweni kwe-Union ngowe-1910, de kwabe konyulwa urhulumente wokuqala wentando yesininzi ngowe-1994. Ngowe-1994 iPalamente yelo xesha yapheliswa kweli gumbi: isenzo eziluphawu olubonisa ukuphela kocalucalulo kunye nemithetho yalo. Ngowe-1961 uMzantsi Afrika yaphuma kuMazwe Ayefudula engaMathanga eBrithani (Commonwealth) ukuze ube yiRiphabliki. Kwinyanga ezine emva kokuba uMzantsi Afrika uphumile kuMazwe Ayefudula engamathanga eBrithani waba yiRiphabliki, uDimitri Tsafendas wahlaba wosela iNkulumbuso, ugqirha Hendrik Verwoerd, kwisitulo awayehleli kuso.
Eli gumbi ngoku lisetyenziselwa iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo, ukupasisa imithetho kunye nomsebenzi wePalamente wokongamela. Likwasetyenziswa njengendawo yeentlanganiso zoqeqesho, iintlanganiso zamaqela neekomiti kunye neentlanganiso ezisekhusini ze-ANC neeNdibano zoVakaliso-zimvo.
IGumbi loKutyela leNdlu eNdala yoWiso-mthetho laliyinxalenye yesakhiwo sakuqala sowe-1885, lisebenza njengegumbi loWiso-mthetho eKoloni. Emva kokusekwa koMdibaniso (Union) ngowe-1910, igumbi loWiso-mthetho lathi longezwa. Igumbi lorhulumente waseKoloni laba ligumbi lokutyela amalungu kunye neendwendwe. INkulumbuso yaseBrithani uHarold MacMillan wayinikela apha intetho yakhe "Wind of Change" ngowe-1960, exela inkululeko yamathanga aseBritani e-Afrika.
IPaseji yeBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe yayisaziwa njengeHolo likaKumkanikazi ithiywe ngoKumkanikazi uVictoria kwaye eli gama lasetyenziswa kwade kwangunyaka we-1961. Yabizwa ngokuba yiGallery Hall ngowe-1961 xa uMzantsi Afrika usiba yiRiphabliki.
Umgangatho wepaseji wenziwe ngethayile eziqhelekileyo ezihonjisiweyo ezazithandwa kakhulu ngexesha likakumkanikazi uVictoria.
Eli ligumbi leBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe, elinye lezakhiwo ezibalulekileyo zembali yoMgaqo-siseko waseMzantsi Afrika, elibonelela abemi bamaphondo ngokuthi bamelwe ePalamente. Imithetho echaphazela amaphondo ixoxwa ize igqitywe apha kweli gumbi. IBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe linamalungu ali-10 avela kwiphondo ngalinye, amalungu asisigxina amathandathu kunye nabathunywa abakhethekileyo abane.
Kweli gumbi, amalungu ahlala ngokwamaPhondo kwaye avote njengenxalenye yephondo. Abavoti banevoti eyahlukileyo yokonyula amalungu eePalamente zamaPhondo olithoba, qho kwiminyaka emihlanu, ngosuku lovoto jikelele. IPhondo ngalinye linophawu lwePhondo olubonisiweyo kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe.
Xa uMongameli emenyiwe ukuba azimase indibano yeBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe, uhlala kumqolo ongaphambili, ekunene kukaSihlalo, kwisitulo esinophawu lwesizwe lukaMongameli oluqoqwe kuso.
Indawo yezitulo eziphezulu kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe isetyenziswa ziindwendwe ezibaluleke kakhulu kunye noluntu jikelele xa luze ePalamente.
Uphawu lwesizwe lwaseMzantsi Afrika ngowona mqondiso kaRhulumente ubonakalayo. Okubonakalayo embindini wophawu yintyatyambo yesizwe enkulu ebizwa ngokuba sisiqwane, engumfuziselo wentlalontle phakathi kwazo zonke iintlanga neenkcubeko zazo kunye nelizwe njengesizwe esidubula ngokwentyatyambo. Ngasentla kwesiqwane kukho ingxangxosi evule amaphiko kunye nelanga eliphumayo. Ingqolowa ingumfuziselo wokutyeba komhlaba eli lixa amabamba endlovu yase-Afrika engumfuziselo wobulumko, amandla kunye nokomelela.
Embindini, ikhaka lingumfuziselo wokhuseleko lwabemi boMzantsi Afrika, ngasezantsi kukho umkhonto kunye negqudu (intonga eyenziwe ngomthi), ezibekwe phantsi, zibonakalisa ukukhuselwa koxolo kodwa azinguwo umfuziselo wemfazwe. Phakathi kwekhaka kukho imifanekiso yabantu bohlanga lwamaKhoisan, abantu bamandulo beli lizwe. Le mifanekiso yabantu ithatyathelwe kwilitye iLinton, elingumzekelo odume kumhlaba wonke wobugcisa baseMzantsi Afrika obenziwe ngamatye. Isaci sophawu lwesizwe sithetha ukuthi "abantu abohlukileyo bemanyane" ngolwimi lwamaKhoisan/ abantu abangamaXam: !
Isango likaKumkanikazi lifumaneka kwisakhiwo sokuqala sePalamente yaseKoloni eyagunyaziswa ngowe-1885. Lalibonelela ngokungena kwigumbi kufutshane nesango eliya kwiCompany Gardens. ICompany Gardens yathiywa yiDutch East India Company eyathi ngowe-1652 yathumela uJan kunye noMaria Van Riebeeck eKoloni. Ezinye izakhiwo zongezwa ePalamente emva kokuba amathanga eBritani (Koloni kunye neNatal) kunye nezazisiya kuba ziiRiphabliki zamaBhulu (Transvaal kunye neFreyistata) zathi zaseka eloMdibaniso (Union of South Africa) ngowe1910.
Ithala leencwadi lifumaneka ekunene kwepaseji ekwisakhiwo seBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe. Ngowe-1857 kwasekwa ithala leencwadi ngengqokelela yeencwadi eyayisetyenziswa yiCape Legislative Assembly kunye neBhunga lemithetho. Ngowe-1910, phantsi koMdibaniso (Union), ezi ngqokelela zaba lithala leencwadi lasePalamente. Ngowe-1919, kongezwa iincwadi ezinqabileyo, iifoto, iimephu kunye nemizobo, ukuze ekugqibeleni zibe yiNgqokelela eKhethekileyo.
Ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-150 kwathi kwamane kusongezwa ngokuncomekayo kweli thala, kuquka ingqokelela kaSidney Mendelssohn. Ngowe-1917 wanikela ngengqokelela yakhe ebizwa ngokuba yi-Africana eyayinezinto ezingama-7000 ePalamente. Kukho iincwadi eziqikelelwa kuma-200 000 kweli thala leencwadi, kuquka neengxelo zamandulo ezinexabiso zoMzantsi Afrika neze-Afrika.
Phakathi kwemisebenzi yobugcisa eboniswa kwiindonga zendawo yokugcina izinto zakudala kukho imisebenzi yegcisa lokuzoba uFrancois Le Valliant. Wayengumhambi womFrench owathatha uhambo olude ecanda kwimpuma nakumntla Koloni phakathi kweminyaka yowe-1781 nowe-1784. Imizobo yepeyinti exutywa namanzi iyaluxela olu hambo.
Imisebenzi yobugcisa, izinto ezenziwe ngezandla kunye nengqokelela yelifa lePalamente zilondoloziwe, zibhalwe phantsi kwaye zigciniwe yi-ofisi yobugcisa yasePalamente kwaye ziyafikeleleka kuluntu. Ezi ngqokelela zibalulekile kwaye zinexabiso ngokwezembali kodwa azimelanga bonke abantu kunye nobugcisa beli lizwe. IPalamente izama ukuba ngumzekelo kuluntu ngokubonisa ubugcisa obumele bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Imisebenzi emitsha yeentlobo ezahlukileyo iyafunwa ukwenzel' ukuba iPalamente ibe yinxalenye yohambo endaweni yokuba ibe yindawo ekusingiswe kuyo.
IKeiskamma Tapestry libonisa umsebenzi wamagcisa amaninzi, endaweni yegcisa elinye. Inguquko ekhangeleka okomlingo eMzantsi Afrika izotywe kakuhle kwiKeiskamma Tapestry exhonywe kwipaseji yeNdlu endala yoWiso-mthetho. Eli laphu lihonjisiweyo elibonisa imbali yomzabalazo woMzantsi Afrika lenziwa ngabasetyhini baseMpuma Koloni, kwaye liquka imifanekiso evela kwincwadana efundisa ngonyulo eyayinikezelwa kubavoti baseMzantsi Afrika kunyulo lokuqala lwentando yesininzi.
Intonga yegunya yesizwe yegolide eyaphiwa iPalamente ngowe-1963 yiChamber of Mines yaseTransvaal neyaseFreyistata, indawo yayo ithathwe yiNtonga yeGunya yesizwe yabantu. Phezu kwentonga yegunya yesizwe yabantu kukho incwadi evuliweyo (emele uMgaqo-siseko), negubu elibiza abameli besizwe ukuba beze entlanganisweni.
Izinto eziliqela kunye neebhokisi ziboniswe kwipaseji edibanisa isakhiwo seBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe. UMthetho otyikityiweyo wokuseka eloMdibaniso (Union of South Africa) ngowe-1910 nawo ubonisiwe, unetywina lasebukhosini, nanjengokuba noMthetho wokuseka iRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika ngowe-1961 nawo ubonisiwe.
ISitulo sasisetyenziswa ngooSomlomo bePalamente yaseKoloni, saze emva kwexesha sasetyenziswa yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
Intonga yegunya yesizwe endala ekwibhokisi yokubonisa ifana naleyo yayisetyenziswa kwiNdlu yoMndilili eNgilani. Yayidla ngokuxhaswa ngetresile phezu kwetafile yeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
Umhobe wesizwe owabhalwa ngu CJ Langenhoven ewubhalela eloMdobaniso, i"Die Stem", nawo ubonisiwe apha, ecaleni komqulu wokuwonga abo bathi bawa kwiimfazwe zehlabathi zombini kunye namagama amajoni aMnyama abhalwe ngasemva kwiiNcwadi zeNkumbulo.
Iiwigi zamagosa ongameleyo kunye namagosa aphezulu kwiitafile yeNdlu kunye neBhunga lokuqingqa imithetho zanqunyanyiswa ngeyoMqungu we-1987, emva kwendibano yeeKomiti zemithetho emileyo kunye neMiyalelo, nangona iwigi yokugqibela kubonakala ukuba yanxitywa ngowe-1994.
Amatyana amancinane avela enyangeni, awanikezelwa kuMzantsi Afrika nguMongameli uRichard Nixon, nawo abonisiwe.
<fn>Hansards. WomenAndParliament.2009-11-11.xh.txt</fn>
Ukubandakanywa kwabafazi ekuthabatheni izigqibo kusisiseko samalungelo oluntu. Abafazi kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba ekwenziweni imithetho kuba oko kuyabuchaphazela ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla, ngokomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente. Okubalulekileyo kwakhona kokuba, uphando lubonisa ukuba kubakho ugqaliselo olongezelelekileyo nolumandla xa abafazi bethatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni izigqibo eziza kuphucula intlalo yabantu bonke. Ukonyuka kwenani labafazi abathath' inxaxheba ekwenzeni imithetho kunokukhokelela ekuphuculweni kwamathuba okufikelela kwiinkonzo ezingundoqo ezifana nezindlu, imfundo kunye nezentlalo-ntle.
UMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika uthi makubekho ufikelelo nokubandakanyeka koluntu kwiPalamente nakwimisebenzi yayo.
Oku kungenzeka ngeendlela ngeendlela.
Abafazi bangathatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni imithetho ngokuvotela iqela lezopolitiko abacinga ukuba liya kumela izimvo nemicimbi yabo ePalamente. Basenokuzibandakanya ekuququzeleleni, ekulisebenzeleni nokuba bonyulwe kwiqela elo abalichongileyo. Abafazi banyukele kumanqwanqwa aphezulu ngolu hlobo..
Uluntu lunelungelo lokuya kwiintlanganiso zekomiti kunye nokuthath' inxaxheba kwiiNdibano zoVakaliso-zimvo. Ukuba umba lowo ungotshis' ibunzi, iKomiti kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho okanye ekwiBhunga lamaPhondo kaZwelonke basenokugqiba ekubeni kubanjwe iindibano zoxakaliso-zimvo okanye bamemelele ukuba kufakwe izingeniso. Uluntu lusenokwazisa iKomiti yeMicimbi yeSebe okanye iKomiti eKhethekileyo ngezimvo zalo ngomba lowo uxoxwayo. Uluntu lusenokuqhagamshelana neLungu lePalamente ukuze luvakalisa izimvo zalo ngomthetho othile.
UMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika ubonelela ngesikhokelo sokuxhaswa kokulingana ngokwesini, kunye nokuthath' inxaxheba kwabafazi ekwenzeni imithetho. UMgaqo-siseko unamalungiselelo okuqhubela phambili ngokulingana ngokwesini. UXwebhu lwamaLungelo oLuntu luqinisekisa ngokuphathwa ngokulinganayo kwabemi bonke boMzantsi Afrika. Olu xwebhu luyakuthintela ukucalucalulwa ngokobuhlanga okanye ngokwesini. UXwebhu lwamaLungelo oLuntu luyacacisa ukuba kufuneka kubekho amanyathelo okuxhasa ukuphunyezwa kukamasilingane kwinkalo zonke zoluntu.
UMgaqo-siseko wenza amalungiselelo kumaziko axhasa ulawulo lwesininzi kunye nokuthath' inxaxheba kwabafazi. Ezi ziquka, phakathi kwezinye zazo, iKomishoni yokuLingana ngokweSini, iKomishoni yamaLungelo oLuntu loMzantsi Afrika.
Ukwaleka kumalungiselelo akhoyo kuMgaqo-siseko, uMzantsi Afrika uzibophelele kumakulinganwe ngokwesini ngokuqinisekisa kwiingqungquthela zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-, Ngqungquthela yokuPheliswa koCalucalulo kwabaFazi kunye ne-Nkundla yoKwenza, eyasekwa ngabafazi kwiNkomfa yaseBeijing. UMzantsi Afrika uyinxalenye yeenkqubo zentshukumo eziliqela zase-Afrika kunye nokuxhotyiswa kwabafazi, umz imithetho yokuziphatha ngokwesini nophuhliso lwamaZwe asemaZantsi e-Afrika.
Eyona ndlela yokuqala nebalulekileyo abafazi abangazibandakanya ngayo nePalamente kungexesha lolonyulo. Indlela abavota ngayo abantu ibonisa indlela eza kuma ngayo iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kunye neBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe. Unyulo jikelele lunika umntu wonke ongaphezulu kobudala beminyaka eli-18 ilungelo lokuvotela iqela alithandayo. Abafazi benza inani elivakalayo labavoti kwaye bangasebenzisa ilungelo labo lokuvota ukuze babonise uhlobo lwePalamente abayinqwenelayo neziko eliza kulubeka phambili uphuhliso lwabafazi.
IPalamente yesiNe iseke ezi Komiti zilandelayo ezisebenza ngqo nemiba ebhekiselele kubafazi.
IKomiti yeMicimbi yabaseTyhini, uLutsha naBantu abaKhubazekileyo.
ISebe elitsha lezabaseTyhini, uLutsha naBantu abaKhubazekileyo lenziwe ukuqinisa iintshukumo zikarhulumente zokukhulisa nokukhusela abantu abasemngciphekweni eluntwini lwethu.
Nangona abafazi besenza isininzi kubantu boMzantsi Afrika, basembalwa ekuthatheni izigqibo. Mininzi imingeni ethintela abafazi ekudlaleni indima enkulu nebonakalayo, kwaye enye yazo bubuhlwempu.
Ukufumana iinkonzo ezingundoqo ezifana nemfundo, amanzi, intlalo-ntle kuye kwaphenjelelwa kukungalingani ngokobuni, ubuhlanga kunye nokungalingani ngokokuhlala. Kufuneka iinkonzo ezingundoqo ziphuculwe Ukuze abafazi bakwazi ukudlala indima ebonakalayo ekwenzeni imithetho. Abafazi abahluphekileyo abafikeleli ngokwaneleyo kumaziko enza umthetho.
Uninzi lwabafazi ludinga uphuhliso kwezoqoqosho. Abafazi ngabona bakwiqela elihluphekileyo eMzantsi Afrika kwaye ngabona bangaqeshekiyo okanye bangenamisebenzi. Ngaphezu koko, iNtsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo uchaphazela ikakhulu inani elivakalayo labafazi, ingakumbi abafazana abasazalayo.
Ubundlobongela kubafazi busengomnye wyona mingeni inzima ojongene nawo uMzantsi Afrika.
Ulawulo lwethu lwesininzi olusakhulayo lukuphucule ukufakwa kwabafazi kulawulo lwezopolitiko nakwiindawo ezithatha izigqibo. UMzantsi Afrika uwise umthetho oza kuhlangabezana kanye ukulingana ngokobuni.
Umceli-mngeni kukwenza amalungelo afikeleleke kubafazi bonke.
Ukumelwa kwabafazi kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho konyuke ngama-45 ekhulwini. UMzantsi Afrika ukwisithathu kwihlabathi liphela ngokuphathelele ekumelweni kwabafazi ePalamente.
Amadoda anendima ebalulekileyo ekuphunyezweni kukamakulinganwe ngokobuni eMzantsi Afrika. Amadoda amaninzi ayaphikisana nobundlobongela kubafazi nasebantwaneni. Amadoda kufuneka abonise namanye amadoda ukuba atshintshe izimilo zawo nokuba abahloniphe abafazi. Amadoda nabafazi banendima elinganayo nebalulekileyo yokuguqula ubudlelwane ngokwesini eluntwini. Akukho luntu luya kuze lukhululeke amadoda nabazi balo bengakhululekanga, kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku amadoda nabafazi babambisene ngolu xanduva.
<fn>Hansards. XhosaFlyerEdDoc.2010-06-10.xh.txt</fn>
IKomiti yeThutyana ejongene noNikezelo lweeNkonzo (UKUTSHINTSWA KOMHLA).
INdlu yoWiso-Mthetho yeSizwe yasungula iKomiti yeThutyana ukuze ityelele iindawo zasekuhlaleni ngeenjongo zokuhlola imeko yokunikezelwa kweenkonzo phantsi komxholo othi "Sisebenza sonke ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba sinika uluntu iinkonzo ezisemgangathweni".. Owona msebenzi uphambili wale Komiti kukwenza uphando mayelana nenkqubela-phambili kunikezelo lweenkozo kwanokuqwalasela imiceli mngeni kweza ndawo bezinogwayimbo ukuze inike ingxelo kwiNdlu yoWiso-Mthetho yeSiswe, ngxelo leyo ekufuneka icace, ibe nezindululo ezinokufezekiswa kunye nesiphakamiso sezicwangciso-qhinqa ezinokusetyentziswa njengomkhomba-ndlela.
Ukuzakuthi ga ngoku, iKomiti ityelele indawo ezisemaphandleni nasezidolophini, yaze yabamba iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo ePalamente nasemaphondweni. Iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo ePalamente ziqale ngomhla wesi-2 ukuya kowesi-4 kweyoMdumba yowama-2010.
Kutyelelo lwayo lwamaphondo, le Komiti iza kuhlola iindawo ezihlala abantu ize iphinde ifakane imilomo nabahlali, amagosa oorhulumente basekhaya, amagosa asuka kumasebe wamaphondo, iikomiti zeewadi, imibutho yoluntu, kunye noosomashishini ngokubanzi. Ezi ndibano zovakaliso-zimvo ziza kuqala ngomhla we-17 ukuya kowama-21 kuCanzibe wowama-2010 kumaphondo amathathu.
<fn>Hansards. Youth.2009-11-12.xh.txt</fn>
Ngowe-1974, uRhulumente wengcinezelo wagqiba ekubeni abuyisele uMthetho owathi wazanywa nguDr H F Verwoerd ngo-1953 ngexesha awayephethe eZemfundo ngalo kodwa akaphumelela. Urhulumente owayephethe ngelo xesha wathi wabeka uMthetho kamasilingane "50/50" wokuba isiAfrikaans kufuneka sibe siso esisetyenziswayo ekufundiseni imathematika, nezentlalo nangona ezenzululwazi, ezokuchwela, ezobuchule nobugcisa zazifundiswa ngesiNgesi. Abona bantu babeyichase ngakumbi le nto yayingootitshala nabazali.
Ngowe-1975, iiBhodi zeSikolo yezikolo ezisixhenxe yayalela abafundisi-ntshapho ukuba bangafundisi ngesiBhulu, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni iSebe lezeMfundo yeNgcinezelo igxothe oosihlalo beBhodi abahlanu.
Ngo-1976, ingqumbo kumbuso weMfundo yeNgcinezelo yaya ikhula ngokukhula. Kwiziganeko ezazikhokelela kuvukelo-mbuso lowe- 16 kaJuni, abafundi baseSoweto babhala umbhalo omfutshane wokuvakalisa ukungoneliseki kwabo othi "Enter to Learn, Leave to Serve" ("Singenela ukufunda, siphume siye kukhonza") owabekwa emasangweni esinye sezikolo eziphakamileyo.
NgeyoKwindla kuloo nyaka isiAfrikaans sasisele sinyanzelisiwe ukuba sibe siso ekufundiswa ngaso kwezinye zezikolo zaseSoweto, kwaye nokuchaswa koMthetho kamasilingane (50/50) kwakuqalisa ukonyukela kumazinga aphezulu.
Ngowe-17 kaCanzibe ezinye zezikolo zathi zaqulunqa iindlela ezithile zokwala ukusetyenziswa kwesiAfrikaans njengolwimi lokufundisa.
Ngo-Juni, ezinye zezikolo azizange zivume ukubhala iimviwo zazo zezentlalo ngesiAfrikaans kwaye zisoyikisa ngokwenza ukuba iimviwo zeSilimela zingalawuleki.
NgeCawa umhla we-13 kweyeSilimela, kwathi kwabanjwa intlanganiso apho kwathi kwagqitywa ekubeni makwenziwe umgcelele kwisithili saseSoweto ngomhla we-16 nowe-17 kwakuyo loo nyanga, mgcelele lowo owawuzakuphela ngokuthi kubekho ugwayimbo lwabafundi ngoLwesihlanu umhla we-18 kweyeSilimela. Kwintlanganiso yangeCawa kwathi kwasekwa ikomiti eyabizwa ngokuba yiSoweto Action Committee (SAC) yona eyayinamalungu amabini aphuma kwisikolo ngasinye esikhoyo apho eSoweto. Le komiti yayisekelwe ukuba ijongane nokulungiselela umngcelele owawuzakuba ngozolileyo nongenabundlobongela.
I-SAC kunye namalungu onke awayelapho kuloo ntlanganiso afungiswa ukuba awasayi kuzithetha izigqibo ezithatyathwe apho ukwenzela ukuba abancethezi bangabi nalwazi lwanto. Kwiintsuku ezintathu ezilandelayo bathi bawusasaza lo mpoposho kwaye bekhupha nomyalelo ongxamisekileyo wento ekufuneka yenziwe ngaloo mini.
Ngentsasa yangoLwesithathu, 16 kweyeSilimela we-1976, abafundi kwiSoweto iphela badibana kwindawo ezingaphezulu kwe 12 belungiselela umngcelele lowo. Abagcinicwangco bahambisa iikhadibhodi ezazinemibhalo ebhalwe ngesandla evakalisa ukungoneliseki kwabo ofana nalo "Down with Afrikaans" and "Afrikaans is a Tribal language".("Phantsi ngesiAfrikaans" nothi "isiAfrikaans lulwimi lweGcuntswana leSizwe").
Olo suku lwathi lwabonakalisa izinga ephezulu kakhulu lokuchaswa kwenkqubo lulutsha loMzantsi-Afrika olwaluqale kwangaphambili lwaze lwaqhuba kwade kwafika inkululeko ngowe-1994. Uvukelo-mbuso lwase Soweto, uvuthondaba lwentshiseko yolutsha olwalubonakalisa ukuchasa okwakusenzeka, yahlaba ikwelo kwilizwe ngokubanzi ukuba benze ugwayimbo olwalunobundlobongela olwalwenziwe ngabaphathi bengcinezelo. Intlaninge yabantu yasweleka, amakhulu abanjwa kwaye abaninzi babo bathi balishiya eli lizwe ukuya kuzibandakanya nemibutho eyayiselubhacweni eyayisilwa nengcinezelo neyathi yavalwa umlomo. Intsingiselo yomhla we-16 kweyeSilimela se-1976 ibonakalisa indlela abantu abathi bazincama, bazinikezela kwinkululeko nokuthabatha inxaxheba kwamemi belizwe.
Oku kwathi kananjalo kwanika inkqubela kwindlela ekufundiswa ngayo enika isidima kuluntu, kwiinkcubeko ezahlukahluneneyo, inkululeko yokuzikhethela kunye nokuzama ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abantu banamalungelo alinganayo.
Iintsukumo zolutsha zeminyaka yama-70 yaba negalelo elingenamlinganiselo ekubumbeni ikamva lelizwe lethu. Nanjengeenkokheli zexesha elizayo, bathi bakwazi ukuliqingqa ulwazelelelo lwabo nokubabhala phantsi kwitshathi indlela abanqwenela ukuyilandela. Ngenxa yemibono yabo, iintsukumo kunye nokuzincama kwabo bathi bawenza wavutha ngamandla umlo ngokuphathelele kulawulo lwengcinezelo, nowathi ekugqibeleni wakhokelela kwinkululeko.
Ulutsha lwaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuluntu kwaye norulumente wenkululeko uzimisele ngokuphuhlisa ulutsha, noluziinkokheli zangomso nabagcini benkululeko yethu esiyifumene nzima. Umdla wolutsha ngoku uthi umelwe yiYouth Development Agency (YDA) yona eyathi yathatha indawo yeNational Youth Commission kunye no-Umsobomvu Youth Fund, njengeziko likaRhulumente lokuchophela imiba ebandakanya ulutsha.
Ulutsha lwanamhlanje lujongene nemingeni emininzi equka iqondo eliphakamileyo lentswela-ngqesho, indlala nolwaphulo-mthetho. Ulutsha oluninzi alunamisebenzi, ukusukela kwabo baphumelele ibanga leshumi ukuya kwabo baphumelele imfundo enomsila kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo.
Ulutsha lo Mzantsi-Afrika lukwajamelene nomngeni othi ubangelwe zizifo ezosulelayo ngokwabelana ngesondo eziquka ingculaza kunye nentsolongwane yayo iHIV.
Andile amakhaya aphethwe lulutsha nabantwana okudalwa kukusweleka kwabazali ngenxa yezifo ezingenelelayo ezifana ne-TB.
Owona mngeni ubalulekileyo ojongene nelizwe uxhomekeke ekwenzeni ulutsha luziqonde ukuba lungoobani na, luyazi imvelaphi yalo nokuba lukhuthazwe ekuthini luhlale lungamathandazwe. Lo ngumzabalazo ophunyelelwayo ingakumbi xa siqwalasela umdla othe wabonakaliswa lulutsha kulonyulo lwesine lwenkululeko.
Urhulumente wentando yesininzi uthe waseka amaqumrhu afana neNational Youth Development Agency (NDA) yona ejongene nazo zonke izinto ezixulumene nolutsha, ukusuka kumgaqo-nkqubo ukuya kuphuhliso. UMphathiswa okwi-ofisi kaMongameli nguye ojongene nale Arhente. I-NDA yi-arhente esekwe ngurhulumente ezakuhlangabezana ngqo nemingeni yezoqoqosho ulutsha olujamelene nayo, kwaye nanjenge-arhente enika uphuhliso ngezimali ikwayiyo efanele ukuba idale amathuba emisebenzi, ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono, nokwabelana ngezakhono kulutsha loMzantsi-Afrika.
Ingqwalasela kunye nogxininiso kwezemfundo lubonakaliswa yinto yokuba iMfundo esiSiseko neMfundo ePhakamileyo noQeqesho zinabaPhathiswa abohlukeneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba la masebe abo afumana ingqwalasela efanelekileyo.
Indima edlawa yiPalamente ekuphuhliseni ulutsha.
IPalamente ineekomiti ezifana neKomiti yeMicimbi yeSebe labaseTyhini, uLutsha, aBantwana kunye naBantu abaKhubazekileyo, kunye neKomiti eKhethekileyo ejongene nabaseTyhini, uLutsha, aBantwana kunye naBantu abaKhubazekileyo, ezisekeleze ukuhlangabezana nemiba yolutsha. Ezi Komiti zinoxanduva lokongamela imicimbi ejongene nolutsha kwaye kufuneka zijongane nemithetho ethi ichaphazele ulutsha.
IPalamente nanjengoko iyiyo enelungelo lokwenza imithetho, ithe yapasisa imithetho emininzi efana neBroad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, 2003, the Skills Development Act 1998, and the Employment Equity Act.
IPalamente nanjengoko inelungelo lokongamela, yiyo eyongamele ukuphunyezwa kwemithetho emiselweyo kuquka leyo isungulelwe lulutsha lwelizwe.
Ukwenza ukuba iPalamente ifikeleleke lula, kukho iinkqubo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"Member's Interface" apho ulutsha lungathi ludibane neLungu lePalamente malunga nemibandela ephathelene nalo. Lunokuthi lwenze ukuba ilizwi lalo livakale ngokuvakalisa izimvo zalo ngomlomo okanye ngokubhala phantsi.
Ulutsha lukwayinxalenye yoluntu oluthi ludibane kwiiNtlanganiso zeKomiti apho imisebenzi emininzi yePalamente ithi yenzeke khona, kwaye lusenokuya nakwiingxoxo zePalamente ukuze babukele, bafunde baze baziphuhlise ngolwazi.
IPalamente inamanyathelo ohlukahlukeneyo ajolise kumabakala ngamabakala umzekelo, iPalamente yolutsha (ethi yona ibanjwe ngeNyanga yoLutsha) apho kuthi kuxoxwa ngemiba ephathelene nolutsha nalapho ithi ibe lulutsha lodwa olunikwa ilungelo lokuthetha, neenkqubo ezilungiselelwe lona.
UMgaqo-siseko unyanzelisa iPalamente ukuba ilubandakanye uluntu kwizinto ezenzeka kuyo, kungoko ulutsha nanjengoko lukwayiyo inxalenye yoluntu lumenywa rhoqo ukuba luthathe inxaxheba kumalungiselelo afana noVakaliso-zimvo loLuntu, iNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo-Palamente kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokufikelela kuluntu nezibandakanya uluntu.
Eli phecana lifumaneka ngazo zonke iilwimi zoMzantsi-Afrika ezisemthethweni.
<fn>Hansards. YouthDay.xh.txt</fn>
Umxholo: "IPalamente ekhathalela inkqubela phambili yophuhliso lolutsha ukuphumeza inkululeko kwezoqoqosho."
"Imbali yethu isoloko inyanzela ulutsha lwethu ukuba luthathe uxanduva luseluncinane ngobudala. Babangamajoni alwela inkululeko lo gama befanela ukuba bayadlala okanye basesikolweni. Ngoku ulutsha lwaseMzantsi Afrika lujongene nemiceli-mngeni enzima ngenxa yeminyaka yentswelo, ubundlobongela, nokuphazamiseka kwemfundo. Ubugorha obumangalisayo kunye nokuzinikela buyafuneka ukoyisa yonke imiqobo ukuze ulutsha lonwabela iziqhamo ezithe zaziswa kubo yintando yesininzi."
Umhla we-16 kweyeSilimela/Juni wabhengezwa njengeholide yoluntu ngurhulumente wentando yesininzi waseMzantsi Afrika emva kowe-1994. Esi sisikhumbuzo sovukelo mbuso solutsha kweyeSilimela/ngoJuni 1976. Le nyanga yonke ibekwe bucala ukubhiyozela umzabalazo wolutsha eMzantsi Afrika usilwa norhulumente wocalucalulo.
Iphawula uvuthondaba lokuqhankqalaza kolutsha laseMzantsi Afrika okwaqala ngowe-1976 kwaqhuba kwade kwaba kuzalwa intando yesininzi ngowe 1994.
Lo mzabalazo wolutsha wakhokelela kuphuhliso lwenkqubo yezemfundo ehlonipha isidima sobuntu, ukohluka kweenkcubeko kunye nenkululeko yokuzikhethela kwaye kuzama ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela kuko konke ngokulinganayo.
Ulutsha lweminyaka yowama-70 laba negalelo elikhulu ekumiliseni ikamva lelizwe lethu.
Lusaqhubeka ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuluntu, kwaye urhulumente wentando yesininzi uzinikele ekuphuhliseni ulutsha, njengenkokheli zangomso kunye nabagcini benkululeko yethu esayifumana ebunzimeni.
Ifuthe leNtsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo (HIV/AIDS) livakele kakhulu kulutsha. Ulutsha kunye namakhaya akhokelwa ngabantwana ayanda ngenxa yokusweleka kwabazali bebulawa zizifo ezinxulumene nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo (HIV/AIDS) ezifana nesifo sephepha.
Amathuba avulelekileyo kulutsha.
Kwintetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe, uMongameli Jacob Zuma wamisela unyaka wama-2011 njengonyaka wokudala imisebenzi wachaza ukuba amalinge okudala imisebenzi kufuneka ejoliswe ekuqaqambiseni uphuhliso lolutsha.
Ukuzama ukushukuxa imeko yokungaphangeli, urhulumente ubonelela ngenkxaso yokuqesha ulutsha ukukhuthaza abaqeshi kwicandelo lozoshishino labucala ukuba baqeshe ulutsha olungenamava okuphangela.
Imiba yezemfundo, izakhono kunye nophuhliso lamashishini amancinane olutsha inikwe ingqalelo kwintetho yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali yoMphathiswa wezezimali uPravin Gordhan kunyaka mali wama 2011-2012.
UMphathiswa wezeziMali uvakalise ukuba inkxaso ngezimali yabafundi iza kwandiswa ukuze ulutsha olungaphezulu lukwazi ukufikelela kwimfundo ephakamileyo nakumaziko oqeqesho, beqeqeshelwa uphuhliso lwezakhono. Kufakwe imali eyongeziweyo kwiNational Skills Fund, eyingxowamali yokubonelela ngoqeqesho kwabo bafuna umsebenzi.
The National Rural Youth Service Corps Programme, esungulwe liSebe loPhuhliso lwaMaphandle noHlengahlengiso loMhlaba ukunceda ulutsha luphuhlise izakhono ezitsha eziya kuba luncedo kwiindawo oluhlala kuzo.
The National Youth Chefs Training Programme, esungulwe liSebe LezoKhenketho, ukubonelela ngezakhono, ulwazi kunye namava ukuze lukwazi ukufumana umsebenzi ozinzileyo kushishino lwezokhenketho.
The Artisan Development Programme, esungulwe liSebe lezeMisebenzi yoLuntu likazwelonke ukuphuhlisa izakhono ezibalulekileyo kulutsha kwicandelo lezokwakha.
Urhulumente wentando yesininzi umisele amaziko afana neNational Youth Development Agency (NYDA), egunyaziswe ngumthetho ukuba ijongane nemiba yolutsha, ukusuka kumgaqo-nkqubo ukuya kuphuhliso.
I-NYDA liziko elisekwe ngurhulumente ukusabela ngqo kwimiceli-mngeni yezoqoqosho ulutsha olujongene nayo, nanjenge-arhente yophuhliso-nkxaso, ilungele ukuseka iqonga lokudala imisebenzi, ukuphuhlisa izakhono kunye nokudlulisela izakhono kulutsha loMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuxhasa umxholo: IPalamente ekhathalela inkqubela phambili yophuhliso lolutsha ukuphumeza inkululeko kwezoqoqosho, iPalamente idale amaqonga aliqela okujongana nemiba echaphazela ulutsha.
Ikomiti yemicimbi yesebe yabaseTyhini, abaNtwana, uLutsha kunye naBantu abakhubazekileyo.
Ikomiti ekhethekileyo yabaseTyhini, abaNtwana, uLutsha kunye naBantu abakhubazekileyo.
Ezi komiti zinoxanduva lokongamela imiba yolutsha kwaye kufuneka zijongene nemithetho echaphazela ulutsha.
IPalamente inamalinge aliqela ajoliswe kumacandelo ohlukileyo, umzekelo, iPalamente yoLutsha (ebanjwa ngenyanga yoLutsha) ekuthi kuyo kuxoxwe ngemiba ebhekiselele kulutsha kuphela. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kubekelwe bucala ulutsha lodwa, kwaye iingxoxo neenkqubo ziye zinikezelwe kulo.
Umgaqo-siseko unyanzela iPalamente ukuba ibandakanye uluntu kwimisebenzi neenkqubo zayo, ngoko ke ulutsha njengenxalenye yoluntu luyamenywa ukuba luthathe inxaxheba kumalinge ePalamente, afana neendibano zovakaliso zimvo, iNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokufikelela nokuthatha inxaxheba koluntu.
Bangenza amazwi abo avakale ngokuthi benze iziphakamiso ngomlomo okanye ezibhaliweyo.
Ulutsha luyinxalenye yoluntu olunokuzimasa iiNtlanganiso zeeKomiti apho inkoliso yomsebenzi wasePalamente wenzewa khona, kwaye ulutsha lungazimasa neengxoxo ukuze lubukele, lutyebise ulwazi lwalo kwaye luzixhobise.
"IPalamente yoLutsha: Ukulawula ikamva."
<fn>Job No. 237 Media Brief IDP launch XHOSA.txt</fn>
Yintoni isizathu sokumiselwa kweSicwangciso seMinyaka emi-5?
ISicwangciso seMinyaka emi-5 seSixeko saseKapa, esikwaziwa ngokuba siSicwangciso esiHlanganisweyo soPhuhliso (IDP), sisicwangciso-qhinga sophuhliso, esimisela imisebenzi ephambili yocwangciso neyohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali. Esi sicwangciso siphengululwa rhoqo ngonyaka. Injongo ephambili yeSicwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soPhuhliso luhlumo lwezoqoqosho olukhokelwa zizixhobo zokusebenza nto leyo eya kudala amathuba engqesho yaye itsale umdla wotyalo-mali kwisixeko noluza kuba yinzuzo kubahlali ngokubanzi. Isicwangciso seminyaka emi-5 sinokuthatyathwa njengesicwangciso esihlangeneyo sobandakanyo loluntu, iSixeko nabachaphazelekayo ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa isixeko esinempumelelo.
Yintoni etshintshiweyo kwisicwangciso seminyaka emi-5 kulo nyaka uphelileyo?
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba siqhubeka sihamba kwikhondo elilungileyo ngokuphathelene neyona Njongo yethu iphambili yohlumo lwezoqoqosho olukhokelwa zizixhobo zokusebenza, kuyimfuneko ukuba sisiphengulule rhoqo ngonyaka iSicwangciso sethu esiHlangeneyo soPhuhliso yaye senze izilungiso ezithile emva kokubonisana nabahlali. ISicwangciso sethu esiHlangeneyo soPhuhliso kuyimfuneko ukuba sithathele ingqalelo inguqu kuqoqosho lwehlabathi nakuqoqosho lwengingqi kulo nyaka uphelileyo nayo nayiphi na eminye imiceli-mngeni enokuvela.
Okokuqala, uqoqosho lwehlabathi lujongene nomjikelo wokuhla ngokumandla, nto leyo ekwenza impembelelo yayo ivakale apha eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwesibini, ukunqongophala kwezakhono zobuchwepheshe kuMzantsi Afrika ngokubanzi kuba ngoyena mceli-mngeni uphambili kuhlumo loqoqosho nakunikezelo ngeenkonzo ngurhulumente.
Okwesithathu, iqondo eliphezulu lokufudukela kwidolophu yaseKapa kuthetha ukuba usapho ngalunye olufumana indlu ngoku, kusekho ama-350 eentsapho ezilindileyo. Iqela leziganeko ezenzeke kulo nyaka uphelileyo, kuqukwa neziganeko zoqhankqalazo nokungena ngesinyanzeliso kwizindlu, zibonisa ukuba le meko ingadala inguqu kwintlalo yethu.
Okwesine, iqela lezifundo zophando lubonise inkxalabo ekhulayo ngozinzo nokugcinwa kwemithombo yamanzi namandla ombane kwiNqila yeKapa, yaye zikwabonakalise iingozi ezayanyaniswa nokutshintsha kwemozulu nokunyuka kwamaqondo amanzi olwandle.
ISicwangciso sethu esiHlangeneyo soPhuhliso esiphengululweyo sonyaka-mali ka-2009/2010 siyaqhubeka nokugxininisa kwezona nkalo zesicwangciso-qhinga ezazimiselwe kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo.
Kwimeko eqhubekayo yokuhla kwamandla oqoqosho kwihlabathi liphela, sikongeza utyalo-mali lwethu kwizixhobo zokusebenza ngenjongo yokuphucula ukuzithemba kwabatyali-mali eKapa kunye nokubonelela ngeyona meko-bume yedolophu enokhuphiswano olufanelekileyo kwimisebenzi yoqoqosho. UNondyebo weSizwe ubhengeza ukuba uza kuqalisa inkqubo ekwafana nale yotyalo-mali kumjikelo wohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwalo nyaka.
ISixeko simisele iNkalo entsha ekuGxilwa kuyo yeSicwangciso-qhinga kwiSicwangciso esiHlangeneyo soPhuhliso salo nyaka, esinxulumene nokusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kwamandla ombane eKapa. Esi sicwangciso silungiselelwe ukuxhasa uthatho-xanduva lokusingqongileyo kumacandelo emisebenzi esixeko, ngeenjongo ezizodwa zokucutha ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane kuMmandla weNqila yeKapa, kubekw'esweni ukumiselwa kwayo kubonelelo ngamandlaombane nesicwangciso sokutshintsha kwemozulu kwiSixeko, amanyathelo ongeziweyo okuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwethu lwamandla ombane, kunye nokwandiswa konxibelelwano namaphulo okufundisa ngokungqonge utshintsho lwemozulu nemisebenzi esinzileyo yamandla ombane.
Ngokuphathelene nokhuselo nokhuseleko, iSixeko siza kongeza ugxininiso lwaso ekulweni nezenzo zolwaphulo-mtehtho ezingephi nokwaphulwa kwemithetho kamasipala. Siza kumisela umgaqo-nkqubo ojongene nokukhathalelwa kwezinto ezingephi nosetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwezinye izixeko kwihlabathi liphela. Ngokwenza imeko-bume yoluntu esingqongileyo ecocekileyo nebukekayo, sizimisele ukukhuthaza ukuhlonelwa komthetho nokwenza imeko-bume esingqongileyo enomtsalane. Ukuxhasa oku kuza kufuneka ukuba senze ngqingqwa uthungelwano lwethu locupho nge-CCTV, kwandiswe umthamo nobuchule bokusebenza kwamasebe onyanzeliso-mthetho nawezothutho yaye siqhubeke nokuphuhlisa amacandelo ethu emisebenzi ekhethekileyo ngenjongo yokujongana neentlobo ezithile zezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho, ezifana nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi nokonakalisw kwezixhobo zonikezelo ngeenkonzo kwiindawo zamatyotyombe.
ISixeko sizimisele ukuphucula iimeko zentlalo kubahlali beendawo zamatyotyombe. Kwenziwa iinzame ezenziwe ngamxhel'omnye ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa iqondo elamkelekileyo lezixhobo, indlela yokufikelela kwiinkonzo ezisisiseko zobunjineli nezinye iinkonzo ezinikezelwa siSixeko, ezifana neenkonzo zikaxakeka, ziyafumaneka kubahlali beendawo zamatyotyombe. Imililo neengozi zeempuphuma zeSixeko kwiindawo zamatyotyombe ikwiqondo eliphezulu yaye ngaphandle kweenkqubo neenkonzo eziphuculweyo ezifana neNkqubo yokuLungela uBusika, iSixeko kufuneka sikwaphucule umthamo waso wokujongana neemeko zikaxakeka. Ngokusisiphumo soko, iSixeko siza kumisela izicwangciso zaso zokucutha imingcipheko yentlekele nezokujongana neemeko zikaxakeka yaye siza kwandisa uMthamo wokusebenza kweZiko leSixeko loNcedo kwiimeko zikaXakeka.
INkalo yeSicwangciso-qhinga ekuGxilwe kuyo ye-8, ngokuphathelene nemithombo yoncedo lwezabasebenzi yeSixeko, inemilinganiselo emitsha ejoliswe ukongeza ukusebenza ngobuchule kombutho wethu emva kokumiselwa kweNkqubo yokuLungelelaniswa ngokutsha kweZiko kunye nesigaba sokuqala sokulinganiswa kwentlawulo. Kulo nyaka uzayo kuza kugxilwa ekulungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo kwezicwangciso-qhinga zabasebenzi bethu abalawulayo ngenjongo yokungqamanisa imisebenzi ephambili yethu yonikezelo ngeenkonzo, kunye nokubek'iliso kwimpumelelo yale nkqubo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokwenza njalo, sizimisele ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba imilinganiselo yombutho wethu isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kangakanani na xa ithelekiswa nemilinganiselo yesizwe neyehlabathi. Ngaphezulu, siza kusebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zobuchwepheshe bolwazi nonxibelelwano zisetyenziswa kangangoko ukuzuzisa abo babonelelwa ngeenkonzo. Ndikholwa ukuba la maphulo aza kusinceda ukuba siziphumeze iinjongo zethu eziphambili zohlumo lwezoqoqosho olukhokelwa zizixhobo zokusebenza. Unalo ithuba lokuvakalisa izimvo zakho ngokuphathelene neSicwangciso esiphengululweyo nesiHlanganisiweyo soPhuhliso, kuqukwa nezi ziphakamiso zingasentla, yaye sikunqwenela ngamandla ukuva izimvo zenu.
Indima yoluntu kule nkqubo.
Olu xwebhu luyafumaneka kuwo onke amathala eencwadi, kwii-ofisi zamabhungana, kule dilesi yewebhusayithi: www.capetown.gov.za (iSicwangciso seMinyaka emi-5) ngokunjalo nakuzo zonke iihotele namaziko eendawo zokulala ufumane isidlo sakusasa, ukuze luphengululwe.
Izimvo ezibhaliweyo usebenzisa amaxwebhu eengxelo ezibuyayo.
ISicwangciso, ukubandakanya abahlali emva, kuxwebhu lweengxelo ezibuyayo.
<fn>Job_No_604_Appfor_rates_rebate_NGO_XHOSA.txt</fn>
Ikopi yoxwebhu lwesazisi somntu ogunyazisiweyo.
Ikopi yemizuzu yentlanganiso eqinisekisa ukonyulwa komntu ogunyazisiweyo.
Zonke izicelo zezaphulelo mazingeniswe kule ofisi ngomhla okanye phambi kowama-31 AGASTI wonyaka ekwenziwa isicelo ngawo.
Ukwamkelelwa izaphulelo kuya kufuna ukuba i-akhawunti kamasipala yomfaki-sicelo ibe imi ngendlela okanye kube kwenziwe izicwangciso ezifanelekileyo zokuhlawulwa kwayo.
Ezi zaphulelo zilungiselelwe imibutho enemithombo engonelanga ingeyiyo leyo inakho ukuhlawula imirhumo njengoko kumiselweyo kwiingxelo zayo zezimali eziphicothwe yi-CFO okanye abo bonyulwe ngokugunyazisiweyo. IsiXeko sinalo ilungelo lokuhlola lo propati phambi okanye emva kokunikezela eso saphulelo kunye nokurhoxisa okanye ukulungelelanisa nasiphi na isigqibo esenziwe phambi kophando.
Ndiyathembisa egameni lombutho ukwazisa isiXeko ngokukhawuleza xa kunokubakho naluphi na utshintsho kumsebenzi waIe propati okanye kwiimeko ezibangela ukufunyanwa kwesaphulelo ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho ojongene neeRhafu zeePropati zikaMasipala, Nomb. 6 ka-2004 (MPRA) kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo olawula ukuhlawuliswa kwemirhumo kunyaka-mali ka-2010/2011 owamkelwe liBhunga.
Ngaphezulu ndithembisa ukuba xa kunokuvakala ukuba naluphi na ulwazi lunikezelwe kusaziwa / ngokungekho mthethweni / lubhalwe ngokungachanekanga / olukhutshwe ndim, isiXeko saseKapa sinelungelo lokusirhoxisa nasiphi na isaphulelo esinikezeleyo yaye sifumane kwakhona eso saphulelo. IsiXeko siya kuhlawulisa inzala kwii-akhawunti apho ezo zaphulelo zifunyenwe ngobuqhinga, yaye sinelungelo lokuthatha amanye amanyathelo kwabo bantu banikezele ngolwazi olungeyonyaniso.
<fn>LeaksBooklet_XHO.txt</fn>
Isiza okanye Inombolo yendlu...
Amanzi emvula akhongozelwa agcinwe emadamini, aze acocwe ngamachiza athile ukuze abenokuseleka ngaphandle kwengxaki. Emva koko athi athuthwe ngemibhobho ayekufikelela kumzi wakho ngokusebenza oovimba bamanzi kunye nemibhobho yamanzi.
Kungoko abasebenzisi bamanzi kufuneka bahlawulele amanzi abawasebenzisayo kunye nogutyulo lwalawo amdaka.
ISebe lemiCimbi yezaManzi kunye namaHlathi linoxanduva lokujongana namadama amanzi, nangona iSixeko singumnikazi wamanye amadama. Isebe leeNkonzo zaMAnzi leSixeko saseKapa linoxanduva lokuqinisekisa okokuba wena mmi ufumana inkonzo yamanzi acocekileyo kunye nokugutyulwa kwelindle.
INDLELA OLUTHI UGUTYULO LWAMANZI AMDAKA (ILINDLE) LWENZEKE NGAYO UKUSUKA KWISIZA SAKHO Amanzi avela kwizitya zokuhlambela izitya, izindlu zangasese, ishawari ibhafu kunye nezinye zibizwa ugutyulo amanzi amdaka okanye ilindle. Luhamba ngemibhobho luze lunyangwe kumaziko okunyanga amanzi amdaka. Amanzi asuka kwezindawo zonyango athi ahambe abuyele emilanjeni naselwandle.
Uninzi lwabemi baseKapa lusebenzisa amanzi angaphezulu kunokuba bekufanelekile. Oku kumosha amanzi kunye nemali. Iiprojekthi zisekiwe ngaphambili ukukhawulelana nale mingeni. Leprojekthi ijolise ngqo kwimingeni ekwindawo ezihlala abo bahluphekileyo, ezinjengaleyo yakho, apho amaxabiso aqingqelwe izindlu angaphantsi kwe R100 000, jikelele. Iprojekthi ineenjongo zokonga amanzi kwaye yenze okokuba intlawulo yakho yamanzi kunye nogutyulo ifikeleleke ngakuthi. Oko kuyakwenziwa ngokuthi, wena unikwe ikhono lokuba ukwazi ukubona iindawo ezivuzayo uze uzilungise, khonukuze kunciphe ukumoshakala lwamanzi. Iyakuthi ibandakanye yonke imiba kubandakanywa ezentlalo-ntle, ulongamelo, ingeniso -mali kwakunye nobugcisa.
Ukuvala iStopcock ngokukhawuleza xa uthe wabona ukuba kukho indawo evuzayo.
Wazi ubungakanani bamanzi owasebenzisayo ngokuthi ukwazi ukufunda imitha yamanzi rhoqo.
Uyakwehlisa intlawulo yakho yamanzi kunye nogutyulo lwelindle kwaye uyenze ukuba ifikeleleke kuwe.
Unciphise imfuno yamadama amatsha, amaziko okucoca amanzi, iindawo zokugcina amanzi, ngoko ke wongele bonke abemi beSixeko saseKapa imali eninzi.
Ukuba ungumnikazi wendlu okanye isiza, unoxanduva lokugcina imijelo yemibhobho yamanzi ikumgangatho onguwo kananjalo nokulungisa iindawo ezivuza amanzi kwisiza sakho. Abantu abahlala kwesi siza nokuba ngumnikazi okanye ngabanxusi, banoxanduva lokuqinisekisa okokuba basebenzisa amanzi ayimfuno kuphela kananjalo nalawo banakho ukuwahlawulela. Nangona kunjalo, ngethuba lale projekthi, zonke iindawo ezivuza amanzi kwimizi ngemizi ziyakulungiswa SIMAHLA. Eli iyakuba lithuba elinye kuphela.
Amagosa onxibelelwano aqeqeshiweyo ayakube ehambela amakhaya ngamakhaya, ukukunceda ekwalatheni indawo ezivuza amanzi, ekufundeni imitha yakho yamanzi, ukubonisa indlela yokugcina imijelo yemibhobho yamanzi ikumgangatho onguwo kananjalo nendlela yokwehlisa indlela owasebenzisa ngayo amanzi, khonukuze usebenzise umthamo oyimfuneko kwanalowo wena ofikelela ukuwuhlawula.
Emva koko amagcisa emibhobho yamanzi ayakuthi alungise iindawo ezivuza amanzi kumzi ngamnye. Abanye bantu balungisa imibhobho yamanzi bayakuthi bancediswe ekubemi baseke amashishini amancinane okwenza lomsebenzi, khonukuze balungele ukwenza lomsebenzi xa kukho indawo ezivuzayo kwixesha elizayo. Oko bayakwenza ngentlawulo efikelelekayo kuwe. Ngokusebenzisa umthamo wamanzi oyimfuneko nokwaziyo ukufikelela ekuwuhlawuleni kananjalo nokuhlawula intlawulo yamanzi qho ngenyanga, uyakuba ngumsebenzisi wamanzi onobulumko. Njengoko kuza kuchazwa kamva, ukuba ugcina umthamo wamanzi owasebenzisayo ungaphantsi kwe 11kl ngenyanga awusayi kuhlawula nesenti ngamanzi.
Qho ngenyanga unikwa ama 6000 (6kl) elitha zamanzi acocekileyo kunye nokugutyulwa kwama 4 200 elitha (4.2kl) amanzi amdaka, simahla, ngaphandle kwentlawulo ngokungqamene kunye nothetho-nkqubo kazwelonke.
Apho ixabiso eliqingqelwe indlu yakho lingaphantsi kwama R100 000 unesibonelelo sabahluphekileyo esithi sicuthe ityala lakho leenkonzo. Ngokwentlawuliso esetyenziswayo yabamanzi kunye nogutyulo lwamanzi amdaka, ityala lamanzi nogutyulo lwalawo amdaka le litha ezili -11 lingama R20.01 xa lidibene kunye ne rhafu-ntengo. Ukuba uhlala kwindlu exabiso layo liqingwe laba ngaphantsi kwama R100 000, oku kuthetha ukuba unganakho ukusebenzisa i11 lelitha zamanzi, uhlawule kuphela i-1c ngamanzi kunye nogutyulo lwalawo amdaka.
Ugutyulo lwamanzi amdaka lubalwa ngokwe 70% amanzi acocekileyo othe wawasebenzisa ukuya kutsho kuma 28kl ngenyanga (70% yama 40kl). Oku kuthetha ukuba ngama 40kl amanzi acocekileyo asetyenzisiweyo ngenyanga akusayi kubakho ntlawulo yongezwayo ngogutyulo lwamanzi amdaka.
Amanzi kunye nogutyulo ahlawulelwa ngokusebenzisa intlawulo ehamba ngokwamanqanaba. Ukuba usebenzisa amanzi amaninzi kwaye nogutyulo lwelindle luphezulu , nentlawulo yakho yamanzi oyihlawula ngekilolitha nganye iyakuba phezulu. Gcina olu luhlu lungezantsi luhamba nexeha elimiyo kunye nentlawuliso esetyenziswayo. Amaxesha amaninzi, intlawuliso iyaguquka ngomhla wokuqala kuJulayi, kunyaka ngamnye.
Abantu abaqeqeshelwe ukulungisa imijelo yamanzi bayakuncediswa ekubeni baziqalele amashishini amancinane khonukuze bakwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi wokulungisa indawo ezivuza amanzi kwixesha elizayo, ngentlawulo exabiso lifikelelekayo kuwe!
Umzekelo: Amanzi asetyenziswe ngenyanga 30kl ixesha elingane 32 yeentsuku.
IINDAWO EZIVUZA AMANZI EZIBONAKALAYO NEZIVAKALAYOAmaxesha amaninzi uyayibona okanye uyive indawo evuza amanzi. Uyakwazi ukuyibona itephu okanye umbhobho othontsizayo. Igongqo lamanzi kwindlu yangasese ethontsiza okokoko yenza ingxolo evakalayo.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuwalatha amanye amathontsi umzekelo, ithontsi elincinane elihla ethobhini. Ukuba uthi uqwalasele ngamandla ude ulibone.
Kuze kubekho ukuvuza kwamanzi okwenzeka ngaphantsi komhlaba okanye ukuvuza okungabonakaliyo. Ungakuqinisekisa ukubakho koku kuvuza ngokusebenzisa imitha yamanzi.
Vala zonke itephu uxelele wonke umntu okhoyo endlini okokuba angasebenzisi manzi tu kwaphela okwelothutyana.
Linda imizuzu engama 30 ukuze uqiniseke okokuba igiza kunye negqongo lamanzi lendlu yangasese zizele ngamanzi.
Ukuba oko kuvuza kuvuza kancinane elona nani lincinane kwelo vili liyakujikeleza kancinane nalo. Kungafuneka okokuba ungawasebenzisi amanzi ixeshana elithile khonukuze ube noku kubona oku. Ukuba ukuvuza kuphantsi komhlaba biza umntu onoqeqesho lokusebenza ngemibhobho yamanzi, ukuba aze kulungisa oko kuvuza.
Ukuba ufuna ukuthelekelela ukuba uyakuba yintoni umlinganiselo wamanzi oyakuwasebenzisa ngenyanga, funda imitha kwisithuba esishiyana ngentsuku ezisixhenxe. Uthelekelelo lwamanzi oyakuwasebenzisa = amanzi asetyenziswe ngentsuku 7 x 30 417 iinetsuku Ã· Ukuba ucinga ukuba amanzi ozakuwasebenzisa azakuba phezulu, thabatha amanyathelo okwehlisa isantya ngoko nangoko, phambi kokuba ufumane i-akhawunti. Ungonga amanzi amaninzi kunye nemali ngalendlela.
Indawo ezininzi ezivuza amanzi, kulula ukuzilungisa, kufuneka nje ube nolwazi oluthile. Ukuba awunalo ulwazi nceda ubize umntu oqeqeshelwe lomsebenzi.
Qiniseka okokuba ucela iStopcock (itephu ethi ivale unikezelo lwamanzi kwijelo lesiza sakho) phambi kokuba wenze nawuphina umsebenzi ngesitshixo semitha yamanzi. Okubalulekileyo ekufuneka okokuba ukuqonde kukuba athetha ntoni lamanani akwi mitha yamanzi. Lomfanekiso ungezantsi ubonisa indlela yokufunda imitha engamanani odwa naleyo ihamba njenge wotshi.
wokulungisa iindawo ezivuzayo.
Imitha yamanzi ifundwa qho ngenyanga siSixeko.
Amanzi owasebenzisileyo abalwa ngokuthabatha ekupheleni kwenyanga.
Itephu ivuza okokoko nangaphandle kokuba ikwi mo yokuba ibe ivalekile. Oku kudla ngokufuna ukuba iwasha itshintshwe. Amanyathelo athatyathwayo ayohlukana ngokuxhomekeke ukuba unetephu yexina okanye eye plastiki.
Phinda ufakele la ntonga ijikeleziswayo yokwenza umsonto ngoboya.
Vala itephu, vula amanzi unike istopcock uphinde ujonge ukuvuza kwakhona.
Qiniseka okokuba uyawuqonda umahluko phakathi kwentlobo ngentlobo zala magqongo phantsi kokuba uzame ukulungisa umonakalo kwelogqongo lamanzi lendlu yangasese. Ukuba uyathingaza, biza umntu oqeqeshelwe ukwenza lomsebenzi. Vala itsopcock kuqala phambi kokwenza ulungiso.
Amanzi athi aphuphumele ngaphezulu kwesoxhobo sempuphuma ngenxa yokuba ingalwana leyo ilungelelaniswe yaphezulu kakhulu. Kufuneka ulumkele okokuba ungophuli isixokelelwano seplastiki esingena kwi valve yebhola edadayo. Bamba ingalo yebhola edadayo ngesandla esinye ngelixesha ugoba isiphelo sengalo leyo kancinane ngesinye isandla, iye ezantsi kancinane. Ukuqinisekisa okokuba awusophuli isixokelelwano seplastiki, thatha ingalo yebhola yonke ngokukhulula ivalve yebhola.
Amanzi ayazibalekela ephuma kwi valve yebhola. Iingalo zebhola edadayo ziyohluka ngokweendawo ezenziwe kuzo, ngoko ke qinisekisa okokuba uthenga ingalo efanelekileyo kwelo gongqo lamanzi unalo. Beka ingalo yebhola efanelekileyo endaweni yayo uze ufakele isikhokwanana sokwahlula.
Amanzi athi aziphumele kwivalve nangona umqheba wokugungxula ume ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuvala ukuba amanzi angaphumi.
Musa ukuxinzelela ngamandla. Ukuba awunakho ukususa indawo ephezulu yayo biza umntu oqeqeshelwe ukwenza lomsebenzi. Tsala iwasha endala iphume uze ufakele entsha endaweni yayo. Qinisekisa okokuba uthenge iwasha efanelekileyo ngokwelo gongqo unalo.
lamanzi uze ulifake ngokutsha. Kwakhona qinisekisa okokuba u...
Kuzo zonke ezimeko, ukuba ithontsi liyazinga emva kwamalinge akho okulungisa, biza umntu oqeqeshelwe lomsebenzi.
qinisekisa okoba awuziqinisi kakhulu inathi ezibambayo!
Ungabokuze uhlambe amazinyo okanye izandla, izitya, pleyiti njalo njalo phantsi kwetephu yamanzi abalekayo. Ngalo lonke ixesha faka isivingci-manzi okanye uwakhongozele ngento, uzokukwazi ukuphinda uwasebenzise.
Ungabokuze uyeke itephu ibaleka amanzi.
Faka iwasha zetephu ezintsha rhoqo ufakele nezixhobo ezibizwa tap aerators ukunciphisa okanye ukwandisa ukuphuma kwamanzi, oku konga amanzi kodwa uziva ngathi usasebenzisa umlinganiselo omnye wamanzi.
Ungabokuze ugungxule kungeyo mfuneko ukwenza oko (ukuba ilubhelu yiyeke ihlale, ukuba imdaka ngebala yigungxule ihle).
Sebenzisa izixhobo zokonga amanzi ngalo lonke ixesha kwindlu yangasese ukunciphisa umthamo wamanzi okugungxula.
Yithi rhoqo ngoku phonononga izixhobo zokugungxula ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziqinile akukho kuphuphuma ngaphakathi uze ulungise umonakalo ngoko nangoko.
Zama ukuhlamba izitya kanye okanye kabini ngemini.
Phinda usebenzise amanzi okuhlamba kangangoko unakho egadini yakho.
Musa ukusebenzisa ithumbu xa uvasa imoto okanye sebenzisa amabhakethi amabini.
Hlamba eshawareni malunga nemizuzu e-3 usebenzisa isitshizi esonga amanzi esibizwa "water wise" uze ukhongozele lomanzi kangangoko unako ukuze uwasebenzise ekugungxuleni okanye egadini.
Yithi rhoqo umane uphonononga ukuvuza kwegiza uze ngokukhawuleza ulungise umonakalo.
ngaphandle kokuba uthabathe ingqalelo enkulu, ukunkcenkceshela igadi yakho kunye nokufakela ishawari okanye ibhafu kungenza kubenzima kuwe ukugcina umlinganiselo wamanzi owasebenzisayo ungaphantsi kwe 11 kl ngenyanga.
Ukwakha amadama kunye namajelo aziziseko athi athuthe amanzi ukuwasusa kulomadama makhulu (akude kwiSixeko) ukuwasa kumnyango wendlu yakho.
Ukunyanga amanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe okokuba xa ufumana amanzi kwi tephu yakho, ufumana amanzi acocekileyo nakhuselekileyo ekubeni angaselwa, kuphekwe kananjalo kuhlanjwe ngawo.
Ukukunika, ngoku ngaphakathi kwengqiqo, inkonzo yamanzi nogutyulo ngalo lonke ixesha.
Ukunciphisa ixesha lokungabikho konikezelo lwenkonzo okubangelwa kukulungiswa kwebhobho emikhulu ethe yagqabhuka kunye nemibhobho yamanzi kamasipala evuzayo.
Ukunika ingxelo yetyala leenkonzo echanekileyo.
Kufuneka uchaze naziphina izinto ongaziqondiyo okanye iingxaki kwi Oku kuyakunceda iSixeko kunye necandelo leeNkonzo zaManzi ekubeni lzinikezele inkonzo ebhetele kuwe.
Uxunzelelo lwamanzi olusezantsi.
Uqinisekise okokuba unqumamisa ukuvuza kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvela kwawo (ngokuvala istopcock).
Lungisa ukuvuza ngokukhawuleza ukuhlawulela ngokwakho oko.
Mane ukhangela ukuvuza kwamanzi ngokufunda imitha yakho rhoqo.
Yehlisa ukusebenzisa kwakho amanzi kube kuphela ngumlinganiselo oyimfuneko.
Hlisa umlinganiselo wamanzi owasebenzisayo ulingane nemali ongathi ube nakho ukufikelela ekuyihlawuleni.
Sebenza kunye necandelo leNkonzo zaManzi ukwenza okokuba iinkonzo zamanzi kunye nogutyulo zisebenzele indawo yakho yokuhlala.
Hlawulela iinkonzo ezikhankanywe ngentla ngomlinganiselo wasimahla kunye nesibonelelo-mali sabahluphekileyo esingama R20.
Musa ukugungxululela izinto ezingafanelekanga, i-oyile endala kunye nezinye izinto kumjelo wogutyulo lwelindle.
Musa ukugalela amanzi emvula/ amanzi angaphezulu kumjelo wogutyulo.
Qiniseka okokuba imitha yamanzi kunye nongqameko logutyulo zosoloko zifikeleleka ngalo lonke ixesha.
Vula stopcock kuphela xa ufuna ukukha amanzi. Musa ukushiya amathontsi amanzi ethontsiza okokoko. Yimosharha leyo.
Sebenza kunye necandelo leNkonzo zaManzi ukwenza okokuba iinkonzo zamanzi kunyenogutyulo zisebenzele indawo yakho yokuhlala.
Bala intlawulo eqikelelweyo ngokulandela lamanqanaba alandelayo achazwe kwindawo ethi "Indlela yokubala intlawulo yamanzi kunye nogutyulo lwelindle". Qaphela okokuba ngenxa yokuba iyi-akhawunti yenyanga eqikelelweyo (30 417 eentsuku) amanqanaba entlawulo awazukulungelelaniswa.
Qaphela: ukufumana olona qikelelo lulungileyo sebenzisa isithuba sentsuku ezi 7.10. Ukuba amanzi owasebenzisileyo aphezulu kakhulu thabatha amanyathelo ngoko nangoko okwehlisa.
<fn>Paja booklet A5 Xhosa-sm.txt</fn>
Yintoni isenzo sokulawula?
Kutheni le nto sidinga iPAJA?
Ndimele ukulindela ntoni xa ndifaka isicelo sento ethile?
Zicelwa njani izizathu?
Zeziphi ezi zizathu ziza kunikwa?
Ndingalindela ukuzifumana nini izizathu?
Zinakho ukunikwa ngomlomo izizathu?
Ndingenza ntoni xa ndinganelisekanga?
Zikhona ezinye izisombululo?
Kutheni le nto kufuneka baziswe abantu ngePAJA?
Yintoni ekufuneka bayazi abantu?
Ingasetyenziswa njani le ncwadana?
Kuthekani malunga nokuqeqesha amalungu olawulo?
Umthetho wokuKhuthazwa koLawulo lobuLungisa (iPAJA) ngom-nye wemithetho ebaluleke kakhulu eMzantsi Afrika kuba uqinise-kisa ukuba ulawulo alufihlwa ebantwini. Le nto ke iyinxalenye yokukhula kolawulo lwesininzi okanye idemokhrasi. Ngokuse-benzisana noMgaqo siseko (ngakumbi iCandelo lama-33 - ilun-gelo lokufumana ulawulo lobulungisa olungenamkhethe) kunye neZimiselo zeBatho Pele, iPAJA iyinxalenye yenkqubo entsha, ejolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ulawulo lusekeleze ukufezekisa iminqweno yoluntu.
Icandelo 1 lale ncwadana linika ulwazi malunga nePAJA kwaye icacisa ulwazi ekumele ukuba abantu babe nalo malun-ga nalo wthetho.
Icandelo 2 lona liqulethe ulwazi olunokuba luncedo kumbutho okanye iqumrhu olisebenzelayo ekuncedeni abantu. Likwa-fundisa licacisa ukuba ungenza ntoni ukuba ufuna ukuqinise-kisa ukuba abantu bayalufumana ulwazi olufanelekileyo ngalo mthetho.
Ekupheleni kwecandelo ngalinye uza kufumana isiqendwana es-iqaqambisa okanye esigxininisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo olunoku-funeka ebantwini. Olu lwazi lunokusetyenziswa xa ubani efuna ukuqulunqa iziphumo zezifundo xa mhlawumbi efuna ukufundisa abantu abathile malunga nalo mthetho. La manqaku azizitshixo zolu lwazi lufuneka kanye ekuncedeni uluntu. Kwakhona kukho amanye amanqaku olwazi akhanyisiweyo ngenjongo yokugxi-ninisa. La manqaku nesikhokelo angaluncedo xa wena ufuna ukujonga ukuba lingakanani na ixesha elithathwe kwinkqubo yokufaka isicelo phantsi kwemiqathango yePAJA.
Yintoni umthetho wokuKhuthaza uLawulo lobuLungisa (iPAJA)?
UMqulu wamaLungelo oluntu woMzantsi Afrika uqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu unelungelo "lezenzo zolawulo olunge-namkhethe" kubo bonke abantu boMzantsi Afrika.
Lokunikwa izizathu zezenzo zolawulo ezingamanelisiyo ubani okanye ezimchaphazela ngendlela egwenxa.
Eli Candelo kwakhona lenze ukuba uRhulumente aphumeze um-thetho ocacisa kakuhle zonke iinkcukacha zeli lungelo.
Yintoni izenzo zolawulo?
Nanini na xa ulawulo luthatha isigqibo esichaphazela amalungelo abantu, loo nto kuthiwa sisenzo solawulo.
Nangona kunjalo ke phofu, ngamanye amaxesha isigqibo esi-chaphazele kakuhle omnye umntu kungenzeka ukuba simchapha-zele kakubi omnye.
Mabavumele abantu ukuba bafumane uncedo babuye ba-ziswe phambi kokuba kuthathwe izigqibo ezinokuchapha-zela amalungelo abo ngendlela embi.
Babazise abantu ngeenkqubo zokubhena zangaphakathi kwiSebe elo basebenza kulo.
Baxelele abantu ukuba banalo ilungelo lokucela ukuba banikwe izizathu ezibhaliweyo ngezigqibo ezithathiweyo.
Ukuze izenzo zabalawuli zibe "zifanelekile", iinkqubo abazilandelayo xa bethatha izigqibo kufuneka zingabi namkhethe. Nangona le ncwa-dana ithetha kuphela ngezigqibo ezithathwe ngomntu omnye, iPAJA in-ayo imigaqo ebhekiselele ekuthathweni kwezigqibo zithathelwa uluntu jikelele.
Abalawuli kufuneka baziqwalasele ezi zinto zithethwa ngaba bachaphazelekayo phambi kokuba bathathe isigqibo.
Isaziso sokuba banelungelo lokucela izizathu zokuthathwa kweso sigqibo.
Isaziso nenkcazelo. Kule nkqubo abalawuli kufuneka bakhuphe, bapapashe isaziso esithi thaca konke abaceba ukukwenza, babe becela nabantu ukuba bahlomle ngeso saziso. Kufuneka ukuba abalawuli bayiqwalasele le mi-hlomlo yabantu phambi kokuba bathathe isigqibo ngento abaza kuyenza.
Uphando kuluntu. Kule inkqubo kunyulwa umntu okanye isigqeba esithile ukuze bachophele izimvo neziphakamiso zabantu kwindibano yoluntu esidlangalaleni. Ezi ziphakam-iso zesidlangalala kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo phambi kokuba kuthathwe isigqibo.
Ngamanye amaxesha abalawuli baye bakhethe ukusebenzisa zombini ezi nkqubo zichazwe apha ngentla.
Kutheni le nto kufuneka ukuba sibe nePAJA?
Kwimihla yangaphambili, uRhulumente wayekholisa ukuthatha izigqibo ezichaphazela ubomi babantu engakhange azidube nokuziduba ngokubaxelela ukuba kwenzeka ntoni na. Ngokuthi thaca amalungelo abanawo abantu iPAJA ijonge ukuqinisekisa ukuba abalawuli baphethe ngokungenamkhethe kwaye bayaba-zisa abantu ngezigqibo zabo nangezizathu zokuthatha ezo zigqi-bo. Kwakhona, iPAJA ivumela ukuba abantu banike ezabo izimvo phambi kokuba kuthathwe isigqibo. Ngaloo ndlela ke iPAJA iq-inisekisa ukuba ulawulo lusebenza ngendlela esekuhleni, kwaye lusebenzela ukuzimela izenzo zalo. Kwakhona iPAJA ikwaqinise-kisa ukuba izigqibo zithathwe ngendlela efanelekileyo. Umzeke-lo, isigqibo somlawuli esibonakala sinomkhethe okanye sisekelwe kwizizathu ezingenasihlahla, sinakho ukubekelwa ecaleni.
Ndingalindela ntoni xa ndifake isicelo sento ethile?
Ukuxelelwa ukuba sithini na isigqibo, baxelelwe nangenkqubo yangaphakathi yokubhena okanye ukuphinda kuqwalaselwe eso sigqibo.
banikwe ezo zizathu; kwaye banelungelo lokusiphikisa eso sigqibo enkundleni yamatyala.
Ukuba umntu ufaka isicelo sokufumana isibonelelo senkam nkam, kufuneka alazi ilungelo lakhe lokuba athi, kwangaphambili kokuba kuthathwe isigqibo sokugqibela, axelelwe ukuba uza kuyifumana okanye akazi kuyifumana na loo nkam nkam. Ukuba isicelo sakhe siza kukhatywa kufuneka anikwe ithuba azithethelele umzekelo, anike iinkcukacha ezinokuba luncedo nebezingajongwanga ng abachopheli besicelo. Ukuba isicelo sisakhatywa nangoku, ubani lowo unelungelo lokufuna izizathu ezibhaliweyo ezicacisa ukuba kutheni kuthathwe eso sigqibo sokukhaba isicelo sakhe nje. Ukuba lo mceli ucinga ukuba esi sigqibo asilunganga, unelungelo loku-faka isibheno nakwesiphi na isigqeba sokubhenela kwiPhondo ey-enzeka kulo le nkqubo. Ukuba nalapho akaphumeleli, unakho uku-cela ukuba inkundla yamatyala isichophele ngokwayo isicelo eso.
Ndingazicela nini izizathu?
Nabani na unakho ukucela ukunikwa izizathu ezibangele uku-ba kuthathwe isigqibo esichaphazela kakubi amalungelo ache. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zizathu zinokumxhobisa umceli atsho akwazi ukusiguqula isigqibo sabalawuli.
Ngokwezimiselo zePAJA izizathu ezibhaliweyo azimele kulinda de zicelwe. Ukuba kwenzeke ukuba angazinikwa umntu iziza-thu, kufuneka azicele kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-90 emva kokuba esifumene isigqibo sabalawuli.
Zicelwa njani izizathu?
Indlela yokucela izizathu zokuthathwa kwezigqibo inikiwe kwimigaqo nemimiselo yePAJA.
Le mbalelwano ingahanjiswa ngeposi, nge-imeyile, ngefeksi, kanti ingasiwa nangesandla.
Ukuba ubani akakwazi ukubhala makacele umhlobo wakhe, isizalwane sakhe, okanye umncedi onolwazi ngomthetho, ukuba bamncede. Imigaqo iyatsho nokuthi abalawuli nabo banakho ukubanceda abantu abangakwaziyo ukubhala.
tu angaya kule ofisi ithathe isigqibo sokukhaba isicelo sakhe acele uncedo lokubhalelwa isicelo sakhe.
Zeziphi izizathu eziza kunikwa?
IPAJA ithi abalawuli mabanike izizathu "ezibambekayo". Libalulekile kakhulu eli gama lithi "ezibambekayo". Abalawuli abanakuvela bathi bacingile ngombandela wesicelo baza bafikelela kwisigqibo. Ukuba umceli onesicelo esikhatyiweyo ubuza imibuzo ngesi sigqibo, yonke imibuzo yakhe kufuneka iphendulwe. Ngokufutshane, abalawuli ku-funeka babeke inkcazelo eyanelisayo exhasa izenzo zabo.
Ndingalindela ukuzifumana nini izizathu?
IPAJA ithi izizathu mazinikwe kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-90 emva kokuba abalawuli besifumene isicelo.
Zinganikwa ngomlomo izizathu?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo imfutshane kwaye ngu "hayi". IPAJA itsho phandle ukuba izizathu kufuneka zibhalwe phantsi. Phofu ke xa iz-izathu ezinikwe ngomlomo zimanelisa umceli, akukho ngxaki apho. Noxa kunjalo, kububulumko ukuba athi nokuba umceli wanelisiwe zizizathu azinikwe ngomlomo, acele ukuzinikwa zibhaliwe ukwen-zela ukuba xa kungakho ingxaki ngenye imini, akwazi ukuba no-bungqina bokuba izizathu zazisithini na.
Kuza kuthekani ukuba andikaneliseki nangoku?
Amanye amaSebe anenkqubo yangaphakathi yezibheno. Xa ikhona inkqubo yangaphakathi yezibheno kufuneka ilandelwe phambi kokuba kwenziwe nantoni na.
ISebe leMicimbi yezeKhaya inayo iBhodi yeziBheno esekelwe ukumamela izibheno malunga nesimo sabemi bamanye amazwe abaze kucela ukufihla intloko kweli, kuba bebaleka ezibatshisayo kumazwe abo. Abalawuli Bokuchophela Isimo Sabangcucalazi nabaziwa ngegama lesiNgesi njengee 'Refugee Status Determination Officers' bathatha izigqibo malunga nezicelo zabantu abacela ukubhacela kweli xa kungahlakeli kumazwe abo ngenxa yeemeko ezinganyamezelekiyo. Ukuba saliwe isicelo sakhe ngaba balawuli, lo mceli ubhena kule Bhodi.
Xa kungekho nkqubo yezibheno kweli Sebe sibe isicelo sisakhaty-wa nangoku, ubani lowo unelungelo lokufuna izizathu ezibhali-weyo ezicacisa ukuba kutheni kuthathwe eso sigqibo sokukhaba isicelo sakhe nje. Ukuba lo mceli ucinga ukuba esi sigqibo asi-lunganga, unelungelo lokufaka isibheno nakwesiphi na isigqeba sokubhenela kwiPhondo eyenzeka kulo le nkqubo. Ukuba nalapho akaphumeleli, unakho ukucela ukuba inkundla yamatyala isichoph-ele ngokwayo isicelo eso.
hena. Xa ingekho inkqubo yokubhena yangaphakathi, lo mcimbi kufuneka usiwe kuqwalaselo olutsha kwisithuba seentsuku ezili-180 okanye iinyanga ezintandathu icacile inkqubo eza kulandelwa.
Xa kukho inkqubo yesibheno kwelo Sebe, le nkqubo yokuqwalasel-wa ngokutsha kwesicelo inexesha elimisiweyo nekungafanele ukuba ligqithe.
Ingaba zikhona ezinye iindlela zokunceda?
Njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo yenkundla ukusa umcimbi ematy-aleni kunokubiza imali eninzi kakhulu. Ngethamsanqa ke zikho iindlela ezibiza kancinci xa kuchotshelwe izigqibo ezingabonwa-bisanga amantu.
AmaSebe namaqumrhu amaninzi kaRhulumente aneekomiti zezib-heno zangaphakathi. Zingasetyenziswa ezi komiti xa umntu efuna ukubhena kwaye amaxesha amaninzi azibizi mali, zisebenza si-mahla.
Bakhalaze kuCeba weNdawo, kuMEC wePhondo kwelo Sebe lichaphazelekayo.
Ukuba isibheno sangaphakathi asiphumeleli, unakho ukucela ukuba inkundla yamatyala isichophele ngokwayo isicelo eso. Esi sicelo kufuneka sichotshelwe kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu emva kokungaphumeleli kwesibheno. Qaphela ukuba iPAJA ine-miqathango engqongqo ngale miqathango yexesha. iinyanga ez-intandathu emva kokuwa phantsi kwesibheno okanye emva kwee-nyanga ezi-6 sakuba sikhutshiwe isaziso sokuba ubani uza kufaka isicelo sokuchot-shelwa ngokutsha kwinkundla yamatyala. Ukuze ingalityalwa imiqathango yexesha elimisiweyo kufuneka iiNGO neeCBO ziz-ihoye ngokukhawuleza iingxelo zemicimbi eziziswe kuzo.
Ileta eya kuMphathiswa okanye uMlawuli Jikelele.
Fumanisa ukuba ngowuphi uMphathiswa ophethe elo Sebe, umbhalele ileta okanye ubhalele uMlawulo Jikelele uchaze ingxaki yakho.
Apho kubonakala ngathi kubekho ubuqh-inga xa kuthathwa isigqibo, ungacela ukuba uMkhuseli Woluntu akuncede. Le nkonzo ayi-hlawulelwa. Ungamtsalela umnxeba simahla uMkhuseli Woluntu kule nombolo yasimahla 0800 112 040.
Ungacela uncedo kwiSAHRC. Ukuba baya-vuma, baya kukunceda simahla. Batsalele umnxeba kule nombolo 011 484 8300.
Ukuba kukho iZiko lobuLungisa kwingingqi yakho uya kufumana simahla uncedo. Uku-ba alikho eli Ziko, cela igosa lezoNcedo lwasemThethweni kwiNkundla yamaTyala ekufuphi kuwe. Eli gosa liza kukufunela um-meli womthetho (igqwetha) emalikuncede.
401 9200 okanye uye kwii-ofisi zale Bhodi kwiNkundla Yamatyala ekufuphi kuwe.
Ndingathini ukuba andinikwa zizathu?
Kutheni le nto kufuneka baziswe abantu ngePAJA?
UMzantsi Afrika unembali endle yenkonzo yoluntu ebifudula ingeyonkonzo esemgangathweni, apho izinto bezisenziwa ngokusekhusini, kufihlwa ulwazi ebantwini. Le nto yakhokelela ekubeni ingathenjwa le nkonzo ngabantu. Xa abantu babefaka izicelo zeemvume zokuqhuba amashishini babesoloko bexelel-wa ukuba izicelo zabo aziphumelelanga, kodwa bengaxelelwa izizathu zokuwa kwezicelo zabo.
Ngoku siyazi ukuba ulawulo lolokukhonza uluntu. Yiyo le nto kuthethwa nge"nkonzo yoluntu". Yayifudula ijongeka ngathi ayijolisanga ekukhonzeni uluntu le nkonzo, nabalawuli babengathi abaziqondi ukuba baqeshelwe loo nkonzo. Wonke umntu unalo ibali okanye amabali awakhumbulayo eemini zokukhathazeka emphefumlweni ngenxa yenkonzo yoluntu efe amanqe.
Yintoni ekufuneka bayazi abantu?
Abantu bamele ukuyazi imigaqo ebekelwe abalawuli nanini na xa bethatha izigqibo ezichaphazela abantu. Amanqaku anikwe kwicandello 1 aza kukunceda ukuze uyazi le migaqo.
Isetyenziswa njani le ncwadana?
Inokusetyenziswa ukufundisa uluntu, ukusasaza ulwazi ngomThetho kubantu ngokubanzi. Le nto iyanceda ukubaxhobisa abantu ukuze balwele amalungelo abo.
Abasebenzi bee NGO nee CBO kufuneka bayifunde le ncwadana ukuze babone ukuba iPAJA iwuchaphazela njani na umsebenzi wabo. Ukuba umbutho uqhele ukuncedana nabantu abafaka izicelo zenkam nkam ze bafumane iingxaki, ulwazi olukule ncwadi ukumncedisa onengxaki al-andele inkqubo yokuqinisekisa amalungelo ache , ngokucela izizathu, ukufaka isibheno, njalo njalo.
Kuthekani malunga nokuqeqesha amalungu olawulo?
Le ncwadana inika ulwazi ngendlela Ipaja ebuchaphazela ngayo ubomi babantu abafana nam nawe kwaye ayifanelekanga ekuqeqesheni ab-alawuli. Abalawuli bona bafanelwe luqeqesho oluthe vetshe kanobom kwaye abapheleli ekufundisweni ngePAJA qha, baqeqeshwa nangendle-la yokuthatha izigqibo, ukubhala iileta nezaziso , nokubhala izizathu njengoko uMthetho ubeka.
liqhuba uqeqesho lokuxhobisa amagosa olawulo.
<fn>Parliament and oversight Xhosa.txt</fn>
Olona vavanyo lwentando yesininzi kukuba iPalamente ingaqinisekisa kangakanani ngokuba urhulumente uhlala enika iimpendulo ebantwini. Oku kwenziwa ngokugcina ukongamela (ukubeka esweni) izenzo zikarhulumente ngokuzingisayo.
IPalamente kunye neeKomiti zayo zinelungelo lokubiza nabani na okanye naliphi na iziko lize kunika ubungqina okanye lithi thaca amaxwebhu, kwaye linike ingxelo kuzo.
UMgaqo-siseko uvakalisa ukuba iPalamente inelungelo lokongamela onke amalungu karhulumente kubandakanya nalawo akumaphondo kunye noorhulumente basekhaya.
Ukongamela ngumsebenzi onikwe nguMgaqo-siseko kwiPalamente ukuze ibeke esweni ize iqwalaselea izenzo zikarhulumente.
Xa isongamela, iPalamente igxininisa kule miba ilandelayo: . Ukuphunyezwa kwemithetho.
Ngokubeka esweni izenzo zikarhulumente, iPalamente iyakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kuyenzeka, ukuze bonke abemi bafumane ubomi obungcono.
ukufumana kunye nokunqanda ukuxatshazwa . ukunqanda ukuziphatha okungekho mthethweni nokuchasene noMgaqo-siseko kwicala likarhulumente . ukukhusela amalungelo kunye nenkululeko yabemi . ukugcina urhulumente ephendula ngokuba ichithwe njani imali yabahlawuli berhafu.
IPalamente ineziNdlu ezimbini, ezibizwa ngokuba:.
INdlu nganye inendima yokongamela eyidlalayo.
UMgaqo-siseko uvakalisa ukuba iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe inyulelwa ukumela abantu kunye nokuqinisekisa ngorhulumente wabantu phantsi koMgaqo-siseko. Ikwenza oku ngo: . kuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izigqeba ezilawulayo zaseburhulumenteni ziyaphendula kuyo, kunye nokugcina umsebenzi wokongamela kwigunya likarhulumente wesizwe, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemithetho.
IBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo limele amaphando ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zamaphondo ziyaqwalaselwa kwinqanaba lesizwe likarhulumente.
IiKomiti zasePalamente zisekwe njengezixhobo zeziNdlu ngokoMgaqo-siseko ukuququzelela ukongamela kunye nokubeka esweni urhulumente.
Ezi Komiti "ngamagumbi enjini" okongamela ePalamente kunye nemisebenzi emalunga nemithetho.
Omnye weyona miba ibalulekileyo yomsebenzi wokongamela kukuthathela ingqalelo iingxelo zonyaka zamaziko karhulumente kunye neengxelo zoMhloli-zincwadi-Jikelele.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwinjongo yokongamela, iKomiti iya kucela inkcazelo emfutshane kwiziko likarhulumente okanye ilundwendwele ngeenjongo zokuzifumanela amanqaku.
UMphathiswa wezeMali uvakalisa isicwangciso soqikelelo sonyaka ozayo esisekwe kwiinkcukacha ezaziwayo kwakunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwesebe ngalunye.
IPalamente kufuneka yamkele uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
Emva kokuvakalisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwesebe ngalunye, iKomiti nganye ibamba iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo zesebe ngalinye elongameleyo.
Oku kumiselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebe lizigcinile izithembiso zonyaka ophelileyo, kwaye imali yabahlawuli berhafu ichithwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukubuza imibuzo kurhulumente yenye yeendlela iPalamente emgcina ephendula ngayo urhulumente.
Imibuzo eza kuphendulwa ngomlomo okanye ngokubhaliweyo ingabuzwa kuMongameli okanye kuSekela-mongameli kunye nabaPhathiswa ngemiba engokoxanduva lwabo.
Ixesha lemibuzo linika amalungu ePalamente ithuba lokubuza amalungu karhulumente malunga nemiba yokuziswa kweenkonzo, egameni lemibutho yabo yezopolitiko okanye labantu ababameleyo.
Esebenzisa le nkqubo, amalungu ePalamente angenza inkcazelo kwiNdlu ngawo nawuphi na umba.
Ngokwenza isaziso sesindululo/ sesiphakamiso ilungu lawo nawuphi na umbutho wezopolitiko liyakwazi ukuphakamisa umba elifuna uxoxwe ePalamente, ngaloo ndlela lincede ngokuzalisekisa uxanduva lokongamela.
Iingxoxo zendibano yocweyo epheleleyo yenye yeendlela zokuzisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo kwingqwalasela karhulumente malunga neenkqubo zikarhulumente ezithile okanye imithetho efanelekileyo ukuze kuphuculwe ukuziswa kweenkonzo.
Umsebenzi wengingqi yovoto yelungu unika amaLungu ePalamente elona thuba lokongamela abantu ngabanye ngabanye.
Umsebenzi wengingqi yovoto yelungu ubonelela ngolona nxibelelwano lukufutshane phakathi kwamaLungu ePalamente kunye noluntu.
Amalungu anoxanduva lokwazisa iPalamente ngayo nayiphi na imiba echongwe ngexesha lolunxibelelwano lokongamela.
Ukwenza isiphakamiso kwiKomiti yePalamente yenye yeendlela zokwenza ilizwi lakho livakale ePalamente.
Ngokwenza isiphakamiso, unethuba lokuphembelela uluvo lwamalungu eKomiti axoxa ngomthetho osayilwayo phambi kokuba ube ngumthetho ophunyeziweyo.
Wonke ummi unelungelo lokungenisa uxwebhu lwezikhalazo ePalamente, njengoko kubonelelwe kuMgaqo-siseko.
Nawuphi na umntu okanye iqela labantu okanye umbutho ungalungenisa uxwebhu lwezikhalazo ePalamente.
Uxwebhu lwezikhalazo sisicelo esisesikweni osisiwa kwabasemagunyeni ngokuba kwenziwe okuthile. Lusenokuba sisinyanzelo, isicelo sokwenzelwa inceba okanye sokuba kuhlangatyezwane nesikhalazo.
<fn>PolPardon_AppForm_isiXh.txt</fn>
Iinkcukacha zentolongo, ukuba zikhona: Inombolo yasentolongweni: Owona mhla ukufutshane onokulungela ngawo ingqawule: ... Umhla ekufaneleke ukuba ukhululwe ngawo:...
Ingaba waye wazuza wena buqu ngayo nangayiphi na indlela ngokwenza elo/loo (ma) tyala?
Umfaki sicela kufuneka afake oonobumba bamagama akhe kweli phepha kukho uMgwebi wamaTyala amaNcinane eNkundleni okanye uMkomishinala oFungisayo b Ukuba kunjalo, cacisa ubunjani kunye nobungakanani beenzuzo ezinjalo.
Yayiyintoni injongo yezopolitiko, ukuba kukho nayiphi na, owawufuna ukuyiphumeza ngokwenza i(ama)tyala?
Ingaba umbutho wakho, iziko, iqumrhu okanye umbutho wenkululeko uzuze ntoni ekwenziweni kwe(kwama)tyala?
Ingaba wawuligosa/umbambi-ofisi/ilungu umxhasi wawo nawuphi na umbutho wezopolitiko/iziko/iqumrhu/umbutho wenkululeko ngexesha ekwenziwa nga(wo)lo i(ama)tyala. Ukuba kunjalo, Sesiphi isikhundla owawukuso?
Xela izizathu zokuba kutheni ku kuba kokulungileyo ukuba uMongameli akunike uxolelo.
ISihlomelo A esigcwaliswe ngumbutho wezopolitiko/iziko/iqumrhu okanye umbutho wenkululeko ukuba ngaba bayasixhasa isicelo sakho.
Nawaphi na amaxwebhu afumanekayo aphathelene nokubuyiselwa kwimo yangaphambili kwesimilo entolongweni kunye okanye emva kokukhululwa entolongweni.
Mna (Amagama apheleleyo nefani) ndibhengeza ukuba olu lwazi lungasentla luyinene kwaye luchanekile.
Ingaba uyakwazi kwaye ukuqonda okuqulethwe yile ngxelo?
Ingaba unayo nayiphi na inkcaso echasene nokuthatha isifungo esimiselweyo?
Ingaba isifungo esimiselweyo usithatha njengesibophelelayo kwisazela sakho?
A. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba imibuzo ekhankanywe ngasentla ithiwe thaca kum kwaye iimpendulo zayo ke apho njengoko ziboniswe ngasentla zibhalwe ndikhona.
B. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba umbhengezi uvumile ukuba uyakwazi kwaye ekuqonda okuqulethwe kwesi sibhengezo esifungelwe phambi kwam kwaye usayino lombhengezi ke apho luye lwabekwa ndikhona.
A. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba umbuzo okhankanywe ngasentla uthiwe thaca kum kwaye impendulo yam apho ke njengoko ibonisiwe ngasentla ibhalwe phantsi ndikhona.
B. Ndiqinisekisa ukuba umbhengezi uvumile ukuba uyakwazi kwaye ekuqonda okuqulethwe kwesi sibhengezo siqinisekiswe phambi kwam kwaye usayino lombhengezi ke apho luye lwabekwa ndikhona.
<fn>Presidential PolPardons - isiXhosa.txt</fn>
Ukuba ngaba usejele ngenxa yetyala elenziwa phambi komhla we-16 Juni, 1999 elaliphenjelelwa zezopolitiko okanye ukhululwe ejele emva kokuba wenze amatyala anjalo, ungalufanela uxolelo oluvela kuMongameli wethu.
Nceda uqaphele oku ukuba ngaba ugwetyelwe naluphi na olunye uhlobo lolwaphulo-mthetho, AWULUFANELANGA uxolelo ngokwemigqaliselo yenkululeko entsha. Kodwa ungafaka isicelo soxolelo oluqhelekileyo ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lama-84 (j) loMgaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, elinika uMongameli ulwazi lokuba axolele okanye amisele izohlwayo abophuli-mthetho kwaye axolele naziphi na izohlwayo.
Ukuba ngaba ufuna uncedo xa ugcwalisa isicelo sakho, iqela lakho lezopolitiko linomsebenzi wokukuncedisa ukuba uyigcwalise ifom yesicelo.
Ifom yakho yesicelo kufuneka ingeniswe ngendlela emiselweyo kunye nangumntu ogunyaziswe liqela lezopolitiko, iziko okanye umbutho wenkululeko ukuba aqinisekise phantsi kwesifungo ukuba wawuphantsi kokuyalelwa okanye umyalelo okanye icebo ukuba wenze ityala ngezizathu zezopolitiko.
Kufuneka ibe ngumntu omnye kuphela ngesicelo. Lonke ulwazi malugcwaliswe ngokuchanekileyo nangokunyanisekileyo kwaye kubekho onke amaxwebhu axhasayo afunekayo.
Iqela lakho lezopolitiko lingasifaka isicelo egameni lakho, kule meko ke, kufuneka liqinisekise ukuba ifom yakho yesicelo igcwaliswe ngokuchanekileyo. Kwaye kwakhona kufuneka lixele phantsi kwesifungo ukuba i(ama)tyala lenziwa ngokuphathelene nemisebenzi yezopolitiko elalibandakanyeka kuyo.
ISebe lezobuLungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko libonelela ngemisebenzi yoonobhala kwi-RG.
<fn>Pula Imvula. BreadWheat.2010-03.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: NguSamuel Moloi (2009 Umlimi woNyaka), ufumene isivuno sengqolowa esimangalisayo seetoni ezi-3.5 ngehektare nganye kweli xesha lonyaka.
Photo 2: Kuhlanganiswa ingqolowa kaSamuel Moloi.
Kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini, abantu sebesibona njengelungelo isonka hayi njengenyhweba. Kunjalo nalapha eMzantsi Afrika, apho kwiminyaka emininzi abalimi baseMzantsi Afrika bebevelisa yonke ingqolowa esiyidingayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba sihlala sikhona isonka ezishelfini.
Kumaxesha onyaka amabini adlulileyo, abalimi bengqolowa bebesoloko bejongene nengxaki yokuba bengakwazi ukuvelisa ingqolowa kwaye bafumane nenzuzo - iindleko zamagalelo ziphezulu kakhulu, kanti ixabiso lemveliso liphantsi.
Abalimi bakwishishini, kwaye njengalo naliphi ishishini, ukuze uphile, kufuneka ufumane inzuzo. Isixa semali osichithela ekuveliseni isityalo kufuneka sibe nganeno kwisixa semali osifumana xa uthengisa isityalo. Ngelishwa, kwiminyaka edlulileyo, iindleko zamagalelo, umzekelo, oomatshini bezolimo, i-diesel, isichumiso, imbewu, izitshabalalisi zokhula nezitshabalalisi zezonakalisi-zityalo, i-inshorensi yezityalo, isivuno nothutho sezinyuke kakhulu. Kanti naxa kunjalo, ixabiso lengqolowa lihlile. Abalimi bethu bafanele ukujongana nenyaniso yokuba abasayi kukwazi ukuphinda balime ingqolowa.
Kweli nqaku, ndijolise kwimveliso yengqolowa kumhlaba owomileyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, imeko yabalimi abankcenkceshayo yahlukile. Aba balimi bakholisa ukutyala izityalo ezibini ngonyaka, kwaye badla ngokuqiniseka ngezivuno eziphezulu ngokuncomekayo. Inzuzo efumaneka kwizityalo ezinkcenkceshwayo isoloko ingaphezulu kunaleyo efunyanwa emhlabeni owomileyo okanye kwizityalo ezixhomekeke emvuleni. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ikhunjulwe into yokuba asinguwo wonke umhlaba onokulinywa, ngenxa yesizathu sokuba ilizwe lethu alinamanzi awoneleyo. Masinganeliseki yimeko yabalimi abankcenkceshayo - khumbula ukuba uninzi lwabo lusebenzisa umbane ukumpompela amanzi emasimini abo. Kananjalo sonke siyazi ngamaxa anokuba khona okunyuswa okukhulu kwamaxabiso andululwa angabakwaEskom. Ukuba la maxa okunyuswa kwamaxabiso anokuphunyezwa, oku kuya kuzichaphazela kanobom iindleko zomsebenzi wemveliso, ngokwenza njalo abalimi abathile bathinteleke ekuveliseni izityalo.
Kutheni abalimi besancekelele ukulima ingqolowa?
Abalimi baqala ukulima ingqolowa yasebusuku ebusika kwifusi lasehlotyeni kwiFree State eseMpumalanga kwiminyaka yee-1950's. Okwangoku, iindleko bezimalunga neetoni eziyi-0.5 ngehektare nganye kwaye ngokusebenzisa izenzo ezilungileyo zomsebenzi wokufama, abalimi baye bakwazi ukufumana izivuno zetoni e-1 ngehektare nganye. Ezi zivuno azibonakali zincomeka kakhulu, kodwa khumbula ukuba kuloo minyaka, ukwandisa imbewu bekungenziwa kangako, kwaye sincinci kakhulu isichumiso esifakwayo. Nangona kunjalo, abalimi bakwazi ukwenza inzuzo. Kwiindawo ezininzi zaseFree State, imihlaba ikufanele ukulondolozwa kokufuma emhlabeni. Imvula ena xa sekuza kuphela ihlobo neyasekwindla amanzi ayo ayagcineka emhlabeni, ize ingqolowa isebenzise oko kufuma ukuze ikhule de kufike iimvula zasentlakohlaza.
Abalimi bebelima ingqolowa njengesityalo esilinywa sodwa kwiminyaka emininzi, de ihabile (oats) ezikhulela endle yaba yingxaki emasimini. Njengoko ihabile njengqolowa ziyelelene kakhulu, bekuyinto engakwaziyo ukwenzeka ukutshabalalisa ihabile ngaphandle kokonakalisa ingqolowa. Abalimi banyanzeleka ukuba bazikise kwimveliso yombona baza emva koko bafakela ujongilanga njengezityalo ezijikeleziswa nengqolowa. Ukusuka kwisityalo sasebusika ukuya kwesasehlotyeni, kuze kuphinde kubuyelwe umva kwakhona, kwaba nezinto ezininzi eziluncedo. Ezona zibaluleke kakhulu mhlawumbi kuzo yaba kukutshatyalaliswa kokhula. Ihabile yona njengoko ikhula ebusika ikwazile ukutshabalaliseka emasimini angenanto anayo phambi kokuba kuqaliswe ngokutyala izityalo zasehlotyeni kanti ukhula lwasehlotyeni kube lula ukulutshabalalisa emasimini engqolowa kuba inkoliso yalo lunamagqabi abanzi, lo gama ingqolowa inamagqabi amxinwa, ngoko ke ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngemichiza kuye kwalula xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimeko.
Abalimi baphuhlise isixokelelwano sefusi nokujikeleziswa kwezityalo - into efana nengqolowa, ingqolowa, umbona, umbona oojongilanga kunye nengqolowa. Umlimi ngamnye unesixokelelwano sakho sefusi nokujikeleziswa kwezityalo, kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakhe yena ngokwakhe, kodwa isimbo besiphantse ukufana. Ezinye izityalo nazo, bezibandakanywa - ubukhulu becala izityalo eziyifula yokutya kwempahla.
Ngoku abalimi bajongene nengxaki - kufuneka babe nesityalo sasebusika kumjikelo, kodwa abasayilimi ngenzuzo ingqolowa. Baza kwenza ntoni ngoku?
Ingaba abemi baseMzantsi Afrika bayayidinga phofu ingqolowa?
Lo ngumbuzo omhle ekufuneka sizibuzo wona - urhulumente naye ufanele ukuwubuza lo mbuzo. Kutheni sizikhathaza ngabalimi bethu Ngubani oza kukhathala xa beyeka ukulima ingqolowa?
Yinyaniso into yokuba ihlabathi selilincinci - urhwebo lwempahla lwenzeka kummandla wentengiso yehlabathi. Ewe, yinto enako ukwenzeka ukuba uMzantsi Afrika uthenge yonke ingqolowa owuyifunayo emazweni angaphandle omelene nawo anjengeLesotho, iSwaziland neBotswana.
Ingaba uMzantsi Afrika unemali eyaneleyo yamazwe athile angaphandle ukuze ukwazi ukuhlawula impahla evela ngaphandle Khumbula, ukuba ukuze ufumane imali yokuthenga kumazwe angaphandle, kufuneka nawo ube nempahla oyithengisela amanye amazwe afuna ukuthenga?
Ingaba amazwe athengisayo aya kuba nengqolowa eyaneleyo na yokuthengisa eMzantsi Afrika ngayo yonke na iminyaka Futhi kuya kwenzeka ntoni xa enze isigqibo sokusebenzisa ingqolowa eseleyo ekwenzeni i-ethanol (umzekelo) endaweni yokuyithengisa emazweni angaphandle?
Ingaba zanele iinqanawa ezikhoyo ukuthuthela ingqolowa eMzantsi Afrika?
Ingaba amazibuko ethu anako ukuqhubela phambili yonke ingqolowa ekuza kufuneka ithengwe ngaphandle neyakwanelisa iimfuno zalo lonke ilizwe kunye nezamazwe amelene nawo?
Zona iindlela zethu ingaba ziya kukwazi ukumelana nothutho lweenkozo ezisuswa elunxwemeni?
Kuya kwenziwa ntoni ngabantu abasebenza kwiifama apho kulinywa khona ingqolowa?
Kuya kwenzeka ntoni ebantwini abaqeshwe ngamashishini omanyano nakwizisele ekufuneka zigcine ingqolowa?
Sinabemi basemaphandleni abaninzi kodwa abasweleyo xa kuthelekiswa nabanye - kufuneka sikhuthaze uphuhliso loqoqosho kwimimandla esemaphandleni. Umsebenzi wokufama yeyona ndlela incomekayo yokuphumeza oku. Abalimi bethu kufuneka bafumane inzuzo ukuze bakwazi ukuqhuba ngokulima.
Sithini ngophuhliso lwabalimi abamnyama?
Thina sonke sisebenza nzima ngokuguqula ezolimo eMzantsi Afrika - baninzi abalimi abamnyama ekufuneka belime ingqolowa njengenxalenye yomjikelo wabo wokujikelezisa izityalo. Okwangoku, sikwazile ukunika aba balimi inkxaso ukuze babe nemveliso kuba besikelelwe ngobonelelo oluvela kwiWinter Cereals Trust nakwiSebe lezoLimo laseFree State. Ukuba kufuneka sincedise abalimi abamnyama ngendlela elondolozekayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba siqwalasele ukufumaneka kwenzuzo kwimveliso yengqolowa.
Sithini ngempahla ethengwa ngaphandle?
Kwamanye amazwe ehlabathi, iimeko zokulima ingqolowa zilungile noko - imihlaba ithande ukuphucuka neemvula zingaphezu kwezalapha (maxa wambi imvula ilindeleka ngaphezulu), kude kuwe ikhephu elinika ukufuma engqoloweni ngethuba leenyanga zasebusika (ingqolowa eselula ayifane yonakaliswe yingqele). Kwakhona amanye amazwe aneendleko zokukhupha imveliso eziphantsi - amaxabiso awo e-diesel nesichumiso, umzekelo aphantsi kunawethu. La mazwe ayakwazi ukuvelisa ingqolowa ethe chatha kunaleyo ayifunayo ukuze akwazi ukuthumela kwamanye amazwe leyo egqithisileyo. Ewe, uMzantsi Afrika ungakwazi ukuthenga ingqolowa emazweni angaphandle - kodwa khumbula imibuzo esizibuze yona?
Sikholelwa ekubeni esinye sezisombululo kukumisela irhafu yokuthenga ingqolowa kumazwe angaphandle. Ukuba kuthengwa ingqolowa kumazwe angaphandle, abo bathenga le ngqolowa mabahlawule irhafu yohlobo olulodwa lwayo. Le rhafu iya kuba ngumthombo wengeniso yelizwe, kwaye iya kusebenza njengenyusa uxinzelelo kwixabiso leli lizwe lengqolowa. Khumbula ukuba xa umsili efuna ukuthenga ingqolowa, ujonga umgangatho wayo kunye nexabiso. Xa sithetha gabalala, umgangatho wengqolowa yaseMzantsi Afrika mhle kakhulu, kodwa ixabiso liyanyuswa aze umsili athenge ingqolowa ethengwe ngaphandle. Ukuba umsili bekufuneka ehlawule isavenga ngengqolowa ethengwe ngaphandle, mhlawumbi ebeya kucinga ngokuthenga ingqolowa yalapha. Oku bekuya kuncedisa abalimi ngokunyusa ixabiso elifunyanwa ngumlimi ngesityalo sakhe.
Ukuba abalimi bethu bekufuneka bafumane inzuzo ngengqolowa yabo, bebenokulima ingqolowa ethe chatha. Bekungasayi kubakho mfuneko yokuba uMzantsi Afrika usebenzise imali exabiseke kangako yokuthenga ingqolowa ngaphandle, kwaye uqoqosho lwalapha lwasemazweni asemaphandleni beluya kuvuseleleka, izithuba zengqesho bezinokudaleka, abalimi bebeya kukwazi ukuhlawula abasebenzi babo uchatha njl.njl. Zininzi iinzuzo ebeziya kufunyanwa lilizwe.
Yintoni enokwenziwa yirhafu yokuthenga ngaphandle kwixabiso lesonka?
Kwingxowa yomgubo wombona, ama-35% - 45% exabiso olihlawulayo lixabiso lombona.
Ukuba ilofu yesonka yiR8.00c (umzekelo), ixabiso lengqolowa kuloo lofu mhlawumbi limalunga ne-R2.00. Ngoku irhafu yokuthenga kumazwe angaphandle ingade ifikelele kwi-5% (mali leyo enokuba ninzi gqitha!). Oku kunokongezelela i-10c kwixabiso lelofu yesonka. Lo asingomahluko mkhulu wexabiso kumthengi, kodwa mhlawumbi lingamnceda umlimi wombona ukuba angawi!
Ukushishina kubandakanya imingcipheko - onke amashishini anamaqondo athile emingcipheko.
Abalimi ngabathabathi-maxabiso - umlimi akakwazi kwenza isigqibo ngento afuna ukuyifumana ngetoni yakhe yengqolowa njengoko konke ukutya okuziinkozo kuthengiswa kwindaliso ukuze ixabiso elifunyanwa ngumlimi ibe lelo libekiweyo. Kwiziganeko ezininzi, umlimi unyanzeleka ukuba amkele ixabiso elingaphantsi kwiindleko angene kuzo ngokuvelisa isityalo eso.
Ukuba ungumbhaki wezonka, uthenga umgubo wengqolowa, uze wenze isigqibo ngexabiso oya kulibiza ngamaqebengwana asongiweyo esonka. Ukuba umxumi akazimiselanga kuhlawula elo xabiso, uyayeka ukuthenga umgubo wengqolowa uyeke nokubhaka de ixabiso liphucuke. Akuba umlimi enze isigqibo sokutyala isityalo, akanakuyeka inkqubo yokulima engayigqibanga kuba elinde ukuphucuka kwexabiso - kaloku sukuba selechithe imali kufuneke ke ukuba makavune isityalo asithengise.
Abalimi bethu sibaxabisile - basebenza nzima, bathatha imingcipheko kwaye basinika ukutya nengqesho njengabantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Khumbula, sinokuthenga ukutya ngaphandle kuphela xa amanye amazwe enentsalela, naxa ilizwe lethu linemali yokuthenga kumazwe angaphandle ukuze likwazi ukuhlawula amazwe angaphandle. Ukuba iimeko azintlanga kwamanye amazwe athumela ngaphandle, baya kuzigcinela bona ukutya ukuze ke ngoku thina singakwazi ukukuthenga. Ukuba amanqanaba otshintshiselwano achasana nexabiso lerandi, ilizwe lethu alisayi kuba nemali yokuhlawula ukutya okuziinkozo okuthengwa emazweni angaphandle ngelo xesha abantu bethu baya kulamba, njengasemazweni amaninzi aseAfrika. Abalimi bethu ngabemi baseMzantsi Afrika abaxabisekileyo nabasebenza nzima kwaye kufuneka sizame kangangoko sinako ukubagcina bevelisela isizwe ukutya. Kwixesha elizayo uthenga ilofu yesonka - khumbula abalimi bengqolowa abachithe imali kuba befuna ukuba wena mawutye.
<fn>Pula Imvula. ChemicalsMaize.2010-03.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: Oku kwenzeka xa utshiza umbona ngesitshabalalisi sokhula phambi kokuba kululungele ukutshizwa.
Photo 2: Qiniseka ukuba ulandela imigaqo-siseko xa ufaka izitshabalalisi zokhula.
Imichiza yezolimo inako ukutshabalalisa isityalo, endaweni yokusikhusela, xa ingafakwanga ngokweengcebiso ezimiselweyo kwaye ngokuqaphela okuyimfuneko. Ngokulandela imigaqo-siseko esisiseko xa ethenga naxa efaka imichiza, umlimi unako ukuthintela umonakalo omkhulu onokwenzeka kwisityalo sakhe.
Ingaba iarhente yezolimo ibhaliselwe uhlobo oluthile lwesityalo (eMzantsi Afrika) nokutshabalalisa uhlobo oluthile lokhula, umngundo okanye uhlaselo?
Ingaba umthamo ocetyisiweyo womchiza ufakwe njengoko umiselwe?
Ingaba iimeko zemozulu ngethuba nasemva kokuwufaka ziyavumelana na neemeko ezimiselweyo?
Ingaba ixesha lokuwufaka liyafana na nelimiselweyo, umzekelo ekuseni okanye seliza kutshona ilanga?
Ingaba imeko yentsimi apho kulinywe khona isityalo iqukiwe kwisakhelo seemfuneko, umzekelo ukufuma komhlaba kunye nohlobo lomhlaba?
Ingaba amanyathelo okutshabalalisa ohlaselo kwibakala lokukhula agcinwe njengoko kumiselwe kwimiyalelo yokuwusebenzisa?
Iziphumo ezilandelayo - ingaba isitshabalalisi sibonisa ukuba asinabungozi kwisixokelelwano sokujikelezisa izityalo - ngamanye amazwi, kwisityalo esilandelayo?
Ingaba isitshabalalisi sezolimo sinako ukuxutywa nezinye izitshabalalisi - umzekelo isitshabalalisi esithile nezinye izitshabalalisi kunye/okanye ezinye izitshabalalisi zezinambuzane nezemingundo.
Iingcebiso mazenziwe ngokubhala kwaye zisayinwe yiarhente.
Kwakhona abalimi mabaqaphele ukuba ukushenxa endaweni kunokubakho xa kufakwa imichiza, ngakumbi ngokuphathelelene nesitshizi, kwaye kufuneka kunqandwe kangangoko. Kunokwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu xa le michiza isuke yahlala emhlabeni/emasimini akufutshane anezityalo ezingakwazi kumelana nayo.
Ukhuseleko lokutya lubaluleke ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngokufaka imichiza ngokuchanekileyo nokugcina irekhodi yezi zihlandlo zokuyifaka, abalimi baya kuba sebephumelele kwidabi elilelona libi lemibandela yokhuselo lokutya.
<fn>Pula Imvula. FocusMaize.2010-03.xh.txt</fn>
Grabber: Uphuhliso lumalunga nabantu - luphathelelene nomntu.
EMzantsi Afrika, baninizi abalimi abakwaziyo ukurhweba ngokufama, abavelisa nasiphi isityalo kananjalo nabakhulisa naluphi uhlobo lwemfuyo. Asisileli ngolwazi malunga nendlela yokufama - into nje efunekayo kukugqithiselwa kweentlobo zobuchule nolwazi kubalimi abamnyama ukuze bakwazi ukufama ngendlela elondolozekayo nekwaziyo ukuzimela.
Imigaqo-siseko yophuhliso olulondolozekayo nokuphila kakuhle kwabantu basemaphandleni okulondolozekayo kubandakanya ugqaliselo kwimithombo yokusebenza/yezinto ezixabisekileyo anazo umntu othile, kwaye ngokusebenzisa ungenelelo olundululweyo, indlela ekunokwandiswa ngayo izinto ezixabisekileyo esezikhona. Ezi zinto zixabisekileyo ziyahluka-hluka - ezentlalo, ezemali, eziphathekayo eziyindalo nezimalunga nabantu. Ukuze uphuhliso lulondolozeke, malwakheke phezu kwezinto ezixabisekileyo ezikhoyo, ezisetyenziswa ngabantu ukuze kuyilwe ukutya nengeniso. Iimpilo zabantu eziphuculiweyo ziba nesiphumo sengeniso ethe chatha, ukwanda kwempilo-ntle, ukucutheka kokuba sisisulu, ukuphucuka kokhuseleko lokutya kunye nokusetyenziswa okulondolozeka ngakumbi kwemithombo yendalo. Inkqubo yophuhliso yakha imiba yokomelela kunye nezinto ezixabisekileyo, zinto ezo abanako ukufikelela kuzo abantu.
Oonobangela bokuhlupheka bayahluka-hluka kwaye kukho imiba ekholisa ukuba khona kumjikelo wesiqhelo wokuhlupheka - ingeniso ephantsi, imveliso ephantsi, unqongophalo lolwazi.
Abantu abahluphekileyo bakholisa ukukhetheka kwezobugcisa zale mihla nakwizenzo zomsebenzi wemveliso zale mihla baze baqhube ngokwenza izinto ngaloo ndlela inye indala kuba bekude namathuba aphucukileyo neendlela zale mihla zokwenza izinto. Abantu banomkhwa wokungayamkeli inguquko kuba besoyika abangakwaziyo. Kulula ukuqhuba ngokwenza into enye endala ngendlela enye endala, kuba sukuba usazi ukuba iyasebenza. Khumbula ukuba kaloku into abangayaziyo yeyokuba zikhona ezinye iindlela eziphucukileyo zokwenza izinto. Bathanda ukuziqhelanisa nezenzo ezicutha imingcipheko yokusilela. Umzekelo abakwazi kukhe bazame isityalo esitsha, kuba besoyika ukulahlekelwa lukhuselo lokutya kwasekhaya. Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zethu zoqeqesho nophuhliso, kufuneka sityhilele abantu ngeendlela eziphucukileyo zokwenza izinto, kodwa ngaxeshanye, kufuneka sibakhusele kwintsilelo, njengoko ukusilela kusenokuba namandla eempembelelo ezimbi kukhuseleo lokutya kwasekhaya.
Imida kwizinto eziphathekayo isenokubagcina abantu behluphekile, umzekelo, imbalela, izitshabalalisi-zityalo, izikhukula, ukugecwa kwamahlathi, ukutyisa impahla okugqithiseleyo, ukhukuliseko, isimo esicekethekileyo sezondlo zomhlaba kunye nobumuncu bomhlaba. Ukuba uhluphekile, akukwazi kuba kwisimo sokuqaphela imiqathango - usenokuba akwazi nto ngeinshorensi yezityalo kwaye usenokungakwazi ukufikelela kuyo. Ukuba isichotho esitshabalalisayo sibethe amasimi ezityalo, isityalo sisenokutshatyalaliswa ngokuphelela kwaso ukuze abalimi basale bengenakutya.
Kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba abantu ngabantu ngabanye kwaye kufuneka bakwazi ukulilawula ingomso labo. Umntu makaxhotyiswe ukuze athathe izigqibo ezikhatshwa lulwazi nokuze aqonde iziphumo ezithile zokukhetha kwakhe. Kaninzi, abantu abakwizikhundla zegunya bafuna ukuthathela abanye izigqibo nokulawula iimpilo zabanye. Naluphi uphuhliso malusuke ezantsi lunyuke luye phezulu. Abantu ekufuneka benento abayizuzileyo mabaluqonde ungenelelo, mabayifune inkxaso kwaye bazinxanelwe iinzuzo. Iinkqubo neeprojekthi ezisuswa phezulu ukuya ezantsi zidala uxhomekeko kwiziganeko zongenelelo ezivela ngaphandle.
Sakuba siyiqondile kwaye siyamkele into yokuba umntu ngamnye unoxanduva lobomi bakhe, siya kuqonda ukuba "ukunika abantu intlanzi" asisosisombululo sophuhliso. Uphuhliso olulondolozekayo lumalunga nokuxhotyiswa kwabantu ukuze bakwazi ukuzimela. Ukutya okunikwa abantu kudala uxhomekeko kwaye enyanisweni, kuthintela abantu ukuba bangakhuli bafikelele ekubeni bakwazi ukuzenzela ngokwabo nokuzimela.
Kwiqela ngalinye labahlali, kuya kusoloko kukho abantu abakwizikhundla zokulawula kanti kulusizi ukufumanisa ukuba abo bakwiindawo zamalungelo awodwa ngabo abacinezela nabaxhaphaza abantu abasweleyo.
Mininzi imiba yezoqoqosho eyahluka-hlukileyo egcina abantu behluphekile, umzekelo ukuswela imali egciniweyo neyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini, ukuswela ukufumana imali yetyala, ukuswela oosomashishini abaqalayo, ukuswela indawo yokugcina, ukuswela izixhobo nezinto zokusebenza, unyuso-maxabiso, ummandla wentengiso osesizikithini, ukuswela inkxaso-mali yezityalo, amaxabiso aphantsi anikwa abalimi, ukuswela uqhagamshelwano nothutho nokungazinzi kwamaxabiso empahla.
Kukho amaphondo athile ezweni lethu esinokuthi afana nencwadi yezifundo zofundo-nzulu ngokuhlupheka okubambelelayo. Abantu bafane basinde, kodwa bahlala behluphekile, nokuba banalo ufikelelo kwimithombo elungileyo yendalo. Imimandla emikhulu yala maphondo inemihlaba enzulu, ubushushu obaneleyo neemvula ezaneleyo ezifanele ukunika imveliso yezityalo elungileyo yokutya okuziinkozo nembewu yeoyile.
Ukuswela, okunesiphumo sokuba sisisulu kuza noloyiko lokuswela ukhuseleko lokutya kwasekhaya.
Uxhomekeko kubabhambathiswa bezolimo abandisa imingcipheko yomsebenzi wemveliso ngenxa yenkonzo esilelayo nokwanda kweendleko zokwenza imveliso.
NjengeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA, ugqaliselo lwethu lukwimveliso yombona. Umbuso usenokuhla umile - kukuba kutheni kugqaliselwe emboneni?
Umbona kukutya okungundoqo ngoko ke ukuphuculwa kwemveliso kunegalelo kukhuselo lokutya kwalapha kwaye kaloku sekukho ummandla wentengiso osowukho wombona (ukusuka kwibanga lombona osathambileyo ukuya kwiinkozo).
Umbona ulinywa ngabalimi beli lizwe ngoko ke kukho umdla nolwazi olusisiseko ekunokwakhelwa phezu kwalo.
Inkoliso yombona usetyenziswa apha kweli lizwe, uze ugcinwe ngabalimi njengezikhwebu - ukuze kuthintelwe imfuno yothutho, eyokomisa neyokulondoloza.
Umbona sisityalo ekulula ukusilima xa kuthelekiswa nezinye kwaye umsebenzi omninzi unokwenziwa ngesandla (ukuba abekho oomatshini).
Xa kunokubakho intsalela encinci yombona, isenokusetyenziswa likhaya liphelele - ngabantu, ziinkomo, ziigusha, ziinkuku kanti naziihagu. Ubukho bombona owaneleyo ekhaya kuphucula umgangatho wobomi ngakumbi.
Kutheni uphuhliso lwabalimi luthatha ithuba elide kangaka?
Akukho nto ilula malunga nomsebenzi wokufama, kaloku abalimi balawula indima ebanzi lo gama bezibeka kweminye imingcipheko emikhulu.
Iindleko eziphezulu zamagalelo namaxabiso aphantsi okutya okuziinkozo kwenza ukuba kube nzima ngokugqithiseleyo ukufumana inzuzo kwizityalo ezixhomekeke emanzini emvula kwiindawo ezininzi zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Iindleko zoomatshini ziphezulu kakhulu.
Abalimi abanamava ngokurhweba batsala nzima - ngoko ke kuya kubekela phi kubalimi abasaphuhlayo Batsala nzima nangaphezulu?
Ingaba sikholelwa ekubeni yintoni enokunceda kuphuhliso lwabalimi?
Bonke abadlali beendima mabasebenze ngengqiqo bazabalazele ukuphuhlisa abalimi - umsebenzi wokufama , ubukhulu becala uphathelelene nomlimi ngaphezu komhlaba.
Qalisa ngezityalo ezilula wandule ukuya kweziyimiceli-mngeni ngakumbi.
Vumela umlimi ukuqalisa ngento anayo - kukhuseleke ngakumbi ukuqalisa kancinci emhlabeni omncinci. (Khumbula ukuba untu ofuna ukusebenzisa umhlaba wakhe ukwazile ukuphila kwada kwalapha ngayo nayiphi ingeniso anayo. Xa enokwenza inzuzo encinci ngehektare nganye emhlabeni okhoyo, leyo yimali eyongezelelweyo, abengekhe waba nayo. Ngokuqala kancinci nangokuthintela imingcipheko, ngokwenza into elungileyo ngendlela elungileyo, umlimi unako ukukhula ngokwezakhono zobuchule nangokuzithemba).
Musa ukunyanzela umlimi ukuba asebenzise umbhambathiswa, kodwa mncedise ukuba alondoloze izixhobo zokusebenza kwaye alime oko anako ukukufeza yena ngokwakhe. Kuya kuba bhetele ukuba umlimi aqeshise umhlaba angenakuwusebenzisa, lo gama ekhula kwishishini lakhe.
Kuncomeka kakhulu ukusebenzisa umntu ongumcebisi - kodwa mayingabi nguye nabani! Umcebisi ngumntu obonakala enomdla ngenene kuphuhliso lomcetyiswa, nothatha ixesha egqithisela ulwazi neentlobo zobuchule kwaye abe nomonde nenkxaso. Ubudlelwana phakathi komcebisi/umcetyiswa mabulunge - kusekwe ekuthembaneni nasekuhloniphaneni kanti kubaluleke kangangoko ukuba omabini amaqela akonwabele ukubandakanyeka kubudlelwana obo, kuba kaloku buyiloo nto - bubudlelwana. EMpuma-Koloni kunzima ukufumana abacebisi, njengoko benqabile abalimi abakhe baba ngabarhwebi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni.
Gcina abalimi benolwazi kwaye bezibandakanya kwaye musa ukuthatha izigqibo ezibachaphazelayo bona bengekho - "akukho nto eyenzelwa thina, singekho".
Ncedisa abalimi ukwenza uhlalutho olupheleleyo lwefama - intsimi yabo, izixhobo zokusebenza, oomatshini, imfuyo, amatyala, izinto ezixabisekileyo njl.njl. Kufuneka sincede abalimi ngako konke abakuko kanti nabo kufuneka bekuqondile okubandakanyekayo. Umzekelo, ukuba umlimi unamandla azii-kW ezingakanani kwaye ingakanani intsimi anokuyilawula ngeso sakhono?
Qinisekisa ukuba umlimi uyinxalenye yenkqubo yoqeqesho nophuhliso. Ukuba ngumlimi onesakhono sokurhweba esifezeke ngokupheleleyo yinkqubo yexesha elide kwaye amaziko ahluka-hlukileyo amaninzi anokuba negalelo kule nkqubo.
<fn>Pula Imvula. LandMaize.2010-07-01.xh.txt</fn>
Ndifikelela njani emhlabeni?
Esinye sezicelo ezixhaphake kakhulu esizifumana ebantwini sesi - "Ndifuna umhlaba. Ningandinceda" Impendulo yokuqala ithi "Hayi". Njengecandelo leNkqubo yaseGrain SA yoPhuhliso lwamaFama, asibandakanyeki ekufuneleni abantu ufikelelo emhlabeni?
Ukuba besinako ukukwenza oku, besingenako ukuba nexesha lokwenza nayiphi enye into kuba wonke umntu unephupha lokuba nomhlaba nokuba ngumlimi. Kwinkqubo yethu sinika inkxaso ebantwini asebenofikelelo emhlabeni nakwizixhobo.
Emva kowe-1994, isebe elisekwe ngokutsha leMibandela yezeMihlaba liqalise inkqubo lwenguquko kwezemihlaba ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ngeenkqubo. Malunga nale ngxoxo, siza kuphelela kwinguquko kwezemihlaba ngokwabiwa kwawo ngokutsha asizi kuxoxa ngemibango yemihlaba nokubuyiselwa kwayo. Khumbula, kaloku inkqubo yethu ifuna ukumisela abalimi abaxhotyiswe ngamandla okurhweba ngoko ke ugqaliselo lwethu lusekufumaneni umhlaba oza kukhupha imveliso ngokuncedisa umlimi osemtsha, kunokuncedisa abo bafuna ukuba ngabanini bomhlaba ngezinye izizathu.
Inkqubo yokuqala yeMibandela yezeMihlaba ibe luBonelelo Lokufumana Umhlaba Wokuhlala (SLAG). Oku kuye kwahambelana kakhulu nobonelelo lwezindlu apho umzi ngamnye uye wanemfanelo yobonelelo lwe-R15 000. Ngelishwa, akukho fama ethengiswa nge-R15 000, ngoko ke abantu ababefuna ukuthenga ifama kwafuneka ukuba badibane ngokwamaqela bayithenge kunye ifama.
Iindlalifa bezinamava amancinci okanye angekhoyo kwaphela ngomsebenzi wokufama.
Iindlalifa bezinganyanzelekanga ukuba zihlale efama.
ISebe leMibandela yezeMihlaba liqondile ukuba esi sixokelelwano asisebenzi kakuhle saza sakhutshwa ngokufaka isicwangciso Sokwabiwa Komhlaba ngenjongo Yophuhliso Lwezolimo (LRAD).
Ukuphathwa ngokulinganayo kungangqamaniswa ngokunyusa ubonelelo (lude lube lolona bonelelo luphezulu lwe-R100 000 ngegalelo lomntu lama-R400 000). Le ibiyindlela yokutsala abantu asebephumelele ukuzuza imali ethile eyinkunzi, (nalapho kuba bebekhe baqhuba amashishini okanye amanye amashishini).
Iindlalifa bekunganyanzelekanga ukuba zihlale efama.
Ngokubona ukuba esi sixokelelwano besingakwazanga ngokwaneleyo ukuphumelela, iSebe leMibandela yezeMihlaba liphinde kwakhona lazama isicwangciso esitsha - Isicwangciso Sokuzibonakalisa Ngokufumana Umhlaba. Ngokwengcingane ekhoyo esi sixokelelwano ibisesokunika iindlalifa ezinomdla ithuba lokuzibonakalisa, phambi kokunikwa ifama.
I-PLAS isebenza ngesixokelelwano sokuba uRhulumente uthenga umhlaba owabiwayo. Le fama iyabhengezwa ukuze amaqela anomdla anike izizathu ezifunekayo zokuba kutheni efuna ukunikwa ithuba lokufama. Ithuba lokuqeshisa lalicwangciselwe iminyaka emithathu, ukuze emva koko "umgcini" akwazi ukuyithenga ifama xa ezibonakalise njengofaneleke ukuba abe ngumnini womhlaba, okanye umgcini ebeya kukhutshwa kufakwe omnye "umgcini" ongumlimi oonolangazelelo. Esi sicwangciso senguquko kwezemihlaba siveze enye iseti yeengxaki.
Abagcini baqhuba ngenkxalabo eseyikhona, kodwa kaninzi abanalufifi ngomsebenzi weshishini lasefama.
Kwiziganeko ezithile, iitrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza ezisefama bezikwimeko egxekeka kakhulu, okanye zaphukile.
Malunga nokuvelisa izityalo, iindleko ngehektare nganye yemveliso imalunga ne-R5 000. Ukuba umlimi ufuna ukulima ama-200 eehektare, (engeyondawo enkulu ngokwemveliso yokurhweba), Oku kubandakanya utyalo-mali lwesigidi esinye seerandi nje sokufaka isatyalo emhlabeni (oko akuquki imali efunekayo yokunika inkonzo nokukhanda iitrektara nezixhobo). Umlimi akangomnini-mhlaba, kwaye akanamava ethuba langaphambili okwenza umsebenzi wokufama. Oku kuthetha ukuba akanako ukufikelela kwimali-mboleko yemveliso.
Masithathe ngokuthi umlimi unemali yokukhanda iitrektara nezixhobo nokulima isityalo. Ingaba bubulumko ukuchitha imali yakho emhlabeni nakoomatshini?
Kwifama yezityalo, kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo ezahluka-hlukileyo zezixhobo - ukususela kwikhuba, ikhuba lezikotile, isikrazuli, ierhe, ikhuba lokutshweza, isikofolo, iphiko lokujikelezisa, xa sibala ezimbalwa kuphela.
Elinye lamagatya akubhambathiso phakathi komgcini neSebe leMibandela yezeMihlaba lithi umgcini akanako ukuqeshisa umhlaba awuqeshiselweyo kumlimi orhwebayo, okanye angene kwimvumelwano yolwabelwano ngezityalo nomnye umlimi. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwemali-mboleko yemveliso, nokungavunyelwa ukufama nomnye umntu, lo mlimi uya kufunda njani ukuze afikelele ekukhupheni imveliso ngokupheleleyo?
Kunokubonakala ngengxoxo engentla ukuba amalinge ethu enguquko yezemihlaba inemiceli-mngeni exhalabisayo. Uninzi lweengxaki azibonakalanga kwithuba langaphambili kodwa amalinge okuguqula icandelo lezolimo ebeneenjongo ezilungileyo.
EMzantsi Afrika, besinethuba elilusizi kakhulu elidlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sijongane neenyaniso ezikhoyo. Ngethuba lombuso wangaphambili, ezolimo bezisezandleni zabamhlophe kwaye ngenxa yoko, kufuneka sikhuthaze ukubandakanyeka kwecandelo lokufama okurhwebayo kwimizamo yethu yokuguqula icandelo.
Imizamo karhulumente mayinxulunyaniswe kwaye ixesha lichaneke.
Ngenxa yesiphumo semigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo zethuba langaphambili, ziliqela ezinye iiprojekthi ezingaphumelelanga. Zisilele ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi (njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla). Yinto eqondakala ngokupheleleyo ukuba iSebe elitsha elisandula ukwakhiwa loPhuhliso lwamaPhandle neNguquko kwezeMihlaba linqwenela ukuvuselela ezo projekthi lize libuyisele umhlaba umva kuphuhliso phambi kokuqalisa ngeeprojekthi ezintsha.
Ukuba ukunikwa kwempilo kwezi projekthi kufanele ukuba nempumelelo, kubaluleke kangako ukuba unobangela wentsilelo uqondeke - kwaye oku kuya kwenza ukuba ingxaki nganye ifane yodwa. Kulula kakhulu ukuthi iprojekthi isilele ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali. Ewe, kwiziganeko ezininzi, unqongophalo lwemali lube yenye yeengxaki, kodwa ukujula imali kwiprojekthi akusayi kusombulula nto kwaye kuya kudla ungquzulwano olutsha njengoko iindlalifa ebezilahlekelwe ngumdla zayishiya iprojekthi ziya kubuya, ngethemba lokufumana imali kwiprojekthi evusiweyo.
Ukunceda kuphela iindlalifa ezinothakazelelo lokuhlala efama. Umsebenzi wokufama asiloshishini elinokwenziwa ngexesha elingaphelelanga.
Ukubandakanya iindlalifa kwinkqubo yoqeqesho neyophuhliso lwezakhono nelawulwa liqumrhu lempahla esetyenziswayo lombutho wabalimi bendawo leyo, ukuze abalimi abatsha baqhagamshelaniswe kwicandelo labarhwebi ukususela ekuqaleni.
Xa besinokwenza ukuba umsebenzi wenguquko kwezolimo usebenze eMzantsi Afrika, kufuneka sibambane ngezandla, sifunde ukuthembana, sibumbe icandelo ukuze silenze ezolimo icandelo elithatha indawo yalo efanelekileyo njengentsika yoqoqosho lwasemaphandleni.
<fn>Pula Imvula. Loan.2010-07-01.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuthatha imali-mboleko - ingaba wena ufuna ntoni kwaye iziko lifuna ntoni?
Sonke siyafuna ukuboleka imali ngelinye ixesha - ngakumbi emsebenzini wokufama kule mihla. Enyanisweni phantse yinto engenakwenzeka ukuqhuba ishishini ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali eyinkunzi ebolekiweyo. Umceli-mngeni asikokuboleka ngaphezu kokuba ishishini okanye intengiso yomntu inako ukukwazi ukuyibuyisa!
Khumbula, ngokuya umntu eboleka, kwaye ngokuya liba lide ithuba abuyisa ngalo umntu imali, ziya ngokuphakama ngakumbi iindleko zaloo mali-mboleko. Imali-mboleko nganye ineenxalenye ezimbini.
Inzala - Eli linqanaba elibangwa ngenxa yokuba umntu esebenzisa imali yemboleko. Likholisa ukubalulwa ngokwepesenti yemali yonyaka ebolekiweyo. Amanqanaba awakholisi kuba sisigxina kuba anako ukuguquka njengesiphumo sonyuso-maxabiso okanye ngenxa yemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente.
Imali eyinkunzi - Esi sisixa semali ekubolekiswa ngaso ngenjongo ethile echazwe kwisicwangciso soshishino.
Imali-mboleko yethuba eliphakathi ye-R100 000.
Imali-mboleko yeminyaka emihlanu ye-R100 000 ineendleko ze-R130 000 kanti imali-mboleko yeminyaka eli-10 ye-R100 000 ineendleko ze-R155 000. Ngokuqinisekileyo umntu ufumana iindleko zama-R24 000 nangaphezulu ngokuboleka kwalona i- R100 000 ngeminyaka ethe chatha yeminyaka emi-5.
Izicwangciso zamashishini zikholisa ukungqaliswa ngqo ekunyuseni ingxwowa-mali yamalinge eshishini. Isicwangciso sibandakanya uludwe lweenjongo, imicimbi ephambili nemibandela yeemali ukubonisa ukuba usiqwalasele isakhono seshishini lakho sokufumana inzuzo nendlela eliya kuncedakala ngayo ngokufumana imali-mboleko kwixesha elizayo. Isicwangciso sifanele ukwalatha ngokucacileyo indlela oza kuseka ngayo isakhiwo seshishini lakho nendlela oza kuliqhuba ngayo kwaye masichaze ngendlela ebonakalisa ukuthenjwa kwakho ngabo bantu abanokukunika inkxaso-mali onokubafumana ukuba unaso isakhono.
Imali equkuqela esandleni ibonisa umqukuqelo wengeniso engena kwiiakhawunti zakho ngokunjalo neenkcitho ezihlawulwa kwiiakhawunti zakho. Oku kwenza ukuba lowo onokukuxhasa ngemali abone ukuba zeziphi iinyanga ongenisa ngazo imali nendlela iintlawulo ezibuyisa imali-mboleko yakho ziya kuphembelela loo ngeniso ngayo. Kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukuba unike zonke iinkcukacha zeeakhawunti zakho - nokuba zikumaziko ahluka-hlukileyo. Bubusela ukufaka isicelo semali ngaphandle kokukhanyisa isimo sezemali ngokuphelela kwaso.
Iibhanki azivumelekanga ukubolekisa ngemali ebantwini abangenakukwazi ukubuyisa imali-mboleko. Oku kukhusela ibhanki kwaye kukhusela umxumi. Ukuba akuphumeleli ukubuyisa imali-mboleko, oko kutyhileka kwimbali yakho yamatyala kwaye unako nokufakwa kuludwe lwabangenakuphinda banikwe tyala nakweyiphi indawo kuba ubonwa njengomngcipheko wokubolekwa. Akukho mntu ofuna loo meko kwingxelo yakhe ngakumbi xa usazi ukuba usenokufuna ukuboleka imali kwixesha elizayo ngenye imini! La manyathelo okhuselo ngawo kanye "asindise" iibhanki zaseMzantsi Afrika ngethuba lokwetha koqoqosho lowama-2009. Amazwe amaninzi kulo lonke ihlabathi alahlekelwa ngamawaka ezigidi kuba abantu bebambeke kwisimo apho bebengakwazi ukubuyisa iimali-mboleko zakho ngenxa yobukhulu bmatyala abo. UMthetho wamaTyala weSizwe wenzelwe ukukhusela abantu ekuchitheni imali abangenayo. Ukhona ukuze uncede iibhanki zikwazi ukulawula ityala elikhulu leli lizwe nokunqanda iibhanki ekubolekiseni ngemali ngaphandle kokuqaphela.
Kubalulekile ukuba bonke abalimi nabaphathi beefama basebenzise iingcali ezinokubacebisa malunga nemibandela yobuchwepheshe ephathelene nokufumana iinkxaso-mali zemizamo yabo yomsebenzi wokufama, bacebisi abo ababuqondayo ubugocigoci bokufumana inkxaso-mali yokufama. Abalimi abanakulindela ukuba semgangathweni ngazo zonke iinkcukacha, nobugcisa bemibandela yezemali, lwazi olo lunokuba luncedo ekulawuleni imibandela yezemali yefama.
Kubalulekile ukuba abalimi, njengawo onke amadoda amashishini asebenzisa iimali-mboleko, babonise ukuthembeka kwabo kwithuba elide. Xa kunokubakho ukubambezeleka ekubuyiseni imali ebolekiweyo oku mabakuxoxe nomxhasi wabo wemali ithuba liselihle ukuze kwenziwe amalungiselelo.
Naluphi utyalo-mali olwenziwayo ngeemali ezibolekiweyo kusoloko kuthetha ukuba umlimi ulusebenzisa kwangoko ngethemba lokufumana imbuyiselo ngomnye umhla kwixesha elizayo. Umlimi kufuneka azibuze ukuba uqiniseke kangakanani ukuba utyalo-mali alwenzayo luya kuba nempumelelo ekunikeni iimbuyekezo ezinika ithemba. Ngakumbi ngokuphathelele ekulinyweni kombona kwixesha lonyaka elitsha esijonge kulo, kubalulekile ukuba wenze zonke izibalo zakho ngokuqaphela okukhulu ukuze ubone ukuba ingaba kuya kuba nenzuzo na ukulima umbona phantsi kwexabiso lexesha langoku lommandla wentengiso naphantsi kwemeko yeendleko zangoku. Akukho ngqiqo ekongezeni ingxaki yenkxaso yemveliso ephuphumayo njengoko kunjalo kwithuba langoku kuba oko kuya kuthetha ukuba siya kuqhuba ngokuzifaka emngciphekweni wokuthoba amaxabiso - ngakumbi xa besinesityalo esihle phakathi kuka-2010 no-2011. Kwakhona akuyongqiqo ngokoshishino ukuboleka imali phantsi kwemeko ebonakalayo yomngcipheko ongako.
Imibandela yemali intsonkothile kwaye ithanda ukungabi ngomnye wemiba ethandekayo xa ukuqhuba ishishini lakho. Uninizi lwabalimi lukwakhetha ukuba phaya phandle lukhanda itrektara kunokuba sedesikeni yakhe umntu apho asebenza ngesixhobo sokubala amanani (i-calculator). Nangona kunjalo, ukungayihoyi yonke imiba yolawulo lwemali kunokuthetha ukuba msinyane kuya kuba kungekho trektara ekhandwayo kungekho nkqu nefama yokufama! Abalimi kufuneka babe nombono ocacileyo wemeko yabo yemali ngawo onke amaxesha kwaye mabangathandabuzi ukuqesha iingcaphephe nananini xa kukho imfuneko.
<fn>Pula Imvula. PestMaize.2010-03.xh.txt</fn>
Ifoto 1: Abantu bafumene amava amabi eelahleko eziphezulu njengesiphumo sohlaselo lwempehla egqobhoza isikhondo.
Ifoto 2: Ingxelo jikelele ithi impehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona ibanga ilahleko engange-10% yesityalo esingumbona, kodwa ukusilela kwesixa esipheleleyo sesityalo kunokubakho.
Ifoto 3: Imibungu eseyikhulile izifihla ngengoophunguphungu kwisiseko sesikhondo sombona ngethuba lasebusika.
Impehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona sisibulali sezityalo esisoloko sikhona apho kulinywe khona umbona eAfrika - esi sibulali sezityalo sesomthonyama saseAfrika kwaye zininzi iintlobo zengca ezinika inkxaso kumjikelo wobomi baso.
Ingxelo jikelele ithi impehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona ibanga ilahleko eli-10% ngonyaka yesityalo sombona, kodwa kusenokubakho intsilelo epheleleyo yesityalo. Imibungu izondla ngamagqabi, ngesikhondo nakwizikhwebu zesityalo esingumbona.
Ukuqonda imiba ebalulekileyo ngomjikelo wobomi wesi sibulali sezityalo kuyimfuneko ukuze abantu bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo benolwazi malunga nokutshabalalisa olu tshaba. Imibungu eseyikhulile yempehla egqobhoza isikhondo izifihla njengoophunguphungu kwisiseko sesikhondo sombona esisele entsimini njengesikhondwana esisikiweyo ngethuba lasebusika. Aba phunguphungu baya kuphuhla njengesizukulwana sokuqala sovivingane ukuze babekele amaqanda aya kuqandusela emva kweentsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezilishumi.
Imibungu evelayo izondla iiveki ezintandathu ukuze emva koko ijike ibe ngoophunguphungu esikhondweni sesityalo esingumbona. Emva kweeveki ezintathu kuvela isizukulwana sesibini sovivingane ngamanani aphezulu kunawokuqala okanye awesithathu nokuba ngawoguquguquko lokugqibela.
Kummandla wentengiso ziliqela iindlela ezikhoyo zokutshabalalisa impehla yesikhondo. Enye yazo kukuyitshabalalisa ngemichiza, indlela yokukhetha imihlanganisela, iindlela zenkcubeko kunye nokuyitshabalalisa ngokwendalo. Le miqathango yokutshabalalisa ayiniki siqinisekiso sokutshabalalisa se-100%, kodwa inceda ekunciphiseni uhlaselo ize inike ulondolozo lwemveliso yombona.
Imichiza ebhaliselwe ukutshabalalisa impehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona ihlelwa njengezitshabalalisi zezibulali zezityalo ezichaphazela indawo edibene nazo nezichaphazela isityalo siphelele.
Inkolo yokuba iimveliso zexabiso eliphezulu zisebenza phucukileyo ngaphezulu kunezexabiso eliphantsi asiyonyaniso njengoko ezinye iimveliso zexabiso elinganeno zikwazi ukunika utshabalaliso olubalaseleyo. Ingxelo ethi utshabalaliso lunokuthatha ixesha elide kangangeeveki ezintandathu nalo luyathandabuzeka. Ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zokutshabalalisa ngemichiza, amafama mawaqiniseke ukuba ixesha lokuyifaka ichanekile. Ukutshiza ngokuqaphela imiqathango kudala kwabonisa ukungabi nasakhono kwaye akucetyiswa. Imiqathango malunga nokutshabalalisa ngemichiza inokuqatshelwa kuphela xa i-10% yentsimi ibonisa iimpawu zohlaselo ezibonisa "umonakalo wesiphango" apho imibungu ibizondla ngamagqabi.
Ukusebenzisa ixabiso lamandla e-10% nako kufuna ixesha elifanelekileyo lokufaka isitshabalalisi sesibulali sezityalo. Ukusifaka kanye kusenokunganeli njengoko ukuhlasela kunokubuyelela kwakhona kwithuba lamva. Kwixesha lonyaka lamva elifana neli kucetyiswa ukukhangela imibungu emincinci kakhulu nje phambi kokuphuma kwamanquma. Ukuba le mibungu mincinci ayitshatyalaliswa inokubanga ukonakala okupheleleyo kwezikhwebu. Utshabalaliso olunokubonwa njengoluphumeleleyo lunokuzuzwa de kuvele amanquma angangama-50%.
Ukwaziswa kwemihlanganisela yombona we-Bt kunciphise imfuno yokutshabalalisa izibulali zezityalo ngenxa yamandla okumelana kwemihlanganisela equlethe esi siqalelo semfuzo nohlaselo lwempehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona. Esi siqalelo semfuzo sivuselela imveliso yetyhefu ebulala imibungu.
Ukuthintela uphuhliso lwemimiselo yokumelana okunxulumene nepesenti yombona ongenguwo owe-Bt oya kutyalwa nawo nalo we-Bt, kubhetele kwayanywe kulo we-Bt. Asiyiyo yonke imihlanganisela enesiqalelo semfuzo ye-Bt ekwaziyo ukumelana ngokulinganayo nempehla egqobhoza isikhondo kwaye oku makuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kukhethwa imihlanganisela ngexesha ngalinye lonyaka.
Abavelisi mabagqale ithuba leentsuku ezilishumi ezingqonge ukwenzeka kwamanquma xa imibungu emincinci inako ukuzondla ngoboya besityalo. Ngeli xesha ityhefu iyaxubeka eboyeni ngenxa yesiqulatho sayo samanzi esiphezulu ukuze oko kube nesiphumo sokusinda kweminye imibungu. Ukonakala kwesikhondo ngenxa yale mibungu isindileyo kuya kuqwalaselwa ngethuba lesivuno, kodwa njengoko umonakalo wenzeka ngexesha lamva kangangoko uya kusichaphazela kancinci isivuno. Le mibungu iya kuba zizandulela zoguquguquko lovivingane lokuqala kwixesha elilandelayo lonyaka. Xa ukhetha phakathi kokutshabalalisa ngemichiza nemihlanganisela ye-Bt kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo iindleko eziphezulu zemihlanganisela ye-Bt.
Amaxa okuhlakula ngexesha lasebusika ashiya izikhondwana zingqengqe ngaphezulu nto leyo encedisa ekunciphiseni uhlaselo lwempehla egqobhoza isikhondo kwixesha elizayo lonyaka ngenxa yokutyhileka koophungphungu kwingqele yasebusika nakwiintshaba zendalo, nto leyo ebanga ukucutheka kwamanani ezibulali zezityalo. Ukulima nokungcwatywa kwezikhondwana kude enzulwini esezantsi kuya kuthintela uvivingane ekukhuleni kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
Zikhona izidleleleli ezizondla kwimibungu nasemaqandeni, kodwa isiphumo soko asibalulekanga kangako malunga norhwebo. Uhlobo lwengca ye-napier etyalwe njengomamkeli okhethwayo wombona lusetyenziswa njengentsebenzo-matshini yolawulo ngabalimi abalima iintsimi ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo akukho sizathu sokuba abalimi abangabarhwebi bangayisebenzisi le ndlela njengoko ingca ye-napier isisondlo esincomeka ngokubalaseleyo sefula yesisele. Iintsebenzo-matshini zokutshabalalisa ngokwenkcubeko nangokwendalo azinamandla kakhulu xa zithelekiswa nokutshabalalisa ngemichiza nokusebenzisa ezobugcisa be-Bt.
Yinyaniso into yokuba iilahleko eziphezulu ziyafumaneka ngenxa yohlaselo lwempehla egqobhoza isikhondo. Imiqathango yotshabalaliso nolawulo lwezityalo oluncomekayo lubaluleke kakhulu ekuncitshisweni kweelahleko.
<fn>Pula Imvula. PlanningMaize.2010-06.xh.txt</fn>
Akukudalanga kuvunwe izityalo zexesha lonyaka elidlulileyo okanye kuqaliswe ngezicwangciso ezinobucukubhede zexesha elizayo lonyaka. Ixesha liselihle lokuba kuqwalaselwe okwenzeke kwixesha lonyaka elidlulileyo kwaye kuhlalutywe imibandela ngemibandela yolawulo neyomsebenzi wemveliso edlale indima ekufumaneni udidi lwasekugqibeleni nesivuno sezityalo. Ukuba akukho zingxelo zembali zigciniweyo ngentsimi nganye, ngoku lixesha elilungileyo lokusebenzisa iinkcukacha zonyaka ophelileyo ukuze kuqaliswe isixokelelwano sokugcinwa kweengxelo.
Iingxelo ezisisiseko semiba elandelayo yenkangeleko yamasimi mazigcinwe kananjalo zihlaziywe ngonyaka ngamnye: igama lefama, isithili sefama, indawo iphelele, imimandla yomhlaba olimekayo, umhlaba wokutyisa impahla, amadlelo aphuculiweyo, unkcenkcesho, iishedi zefama nezakhiwo.
Intsimi nganye kwifama nganye inokubekwa iliso ngokusebenzisa amagalelo alandelayo enkangeleko: ummandla wentsimi, ubunzulu bomhlaba, ukuchuma komhlaba, iinguquko zesimo kwiminyaka eliqela. (Ukuba ziyafumaneka kwiziphumo zovavanyo lomhlaba), iziganeko zojikeleziso lwezityalo nezicwangciso zokujikeleziswa kwezityalo, izityalo zokugqibela ebezityaliwe (kubandakanywa nemihla yokutyala), izityalo eziyimihlanganisela, izantya zokufakwa kwembewu, imvula eqhelekileyo, imvula efunyenwe ngethuba lefusi phambi kwesityalo ngasinye esityaliweyo, imvula efunyenwe ngethuba lokukhula, ulawulo lokhula olusetyenzisiweyo (kubandakanywa imichiza nezantya zokufakwa kwayo okwenziweyo kunye nokusebenza kwako), imichiza yokubulala izinambuzane ezitshabalalisa izityalo nokusebenza kwayo, izivuno zezityalo kunye nodidi.
Iindleko zezichumiso zezinye zeendleko ezinkulu ezingqalileyo zegalelo kwinkqubo yokulima. Ukuncomeka kokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokuchumisa okucwangciselweyo kwixesha ngalinye lonyaka ngokulandelelana kwawo kuya kwalatha imveliso yezona zivuno ziphezulu ngokufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukwazi isimo somhlaba wakho ngakumbi emva kwesityalo sesivuno esiphezulu nasemva kokufumana iimvula ezigqithisileyo kwimimandla ethile ezisenokuba zikhukulise izondlo zezityalo eziliqela ezibalulekileyo. Ukujika kwebala libe tyheli ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-nitrogen ne-sulphur kuye kwacaca kwizithili eziliqela ezenza umsebenzi wokufama kwixesha lonyaka elidlulileyo. Kwisiganeko sesityalo esikhule kakuhle ngendlela eqhelekileyo, izondlo ezikhukulisiweyo mazibuyiselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo esilandelayo sifikelela kwizivuno ezilindelekileyo.
Njengoko sikukhumbula oku, masiqinisekise ukuthathwa kweesampulu zomhlaba kwintsimi nganye yehlobo eza kuba nemveliso zize zithunyelwe ukuze zivavanywe. Sakuba senziwe isigqibo sokuba zeziphi izityalo ezingundoqo mhlawumbi ezombona, ezoojongilanga, ezeembotyi zesoya, ezamazimba ezamandongomane, ezeetapile, ii-sugar bean okanye nasiphi esinye isityalo, eziza kutyalwa, iziphumo zovavanyo zisenokusetyenziselwa ukwenza isicwangciso samanqanaba okuchumisa afanelekileyo afunekayo ukuze kufunyanwe izivuno ezinika inzuzo ngesityalo ngasinye. Isityalo ngasinye siya kufuna ingcebiso yokuchumisa eyahlukileyo. Amaxabiso ommandla wentengiso wexesha elizayo nolawulo lwemingcipheko aya kwalatha ukuba ngowuphi umxube wezityalo oya kufanela umsebenzi wokufama kwakho.
Kufuneka kulandelwe amanyathelo aliqela ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo efanelekileyo yokuhlalutywa kokufakwa kwekalika nesichumiso iya kuba yelungele umsebenzi wakho wokufama. Kubandakanywa ukuqokelela ngendlela efanelekileyo nokhathalelo lweesampulu zomhlaba, iinkqubo zovavanyo ezifanelekileyo, izikhokelo ekuphandwe banzi ngazo ukwenzela ukutolikwa kweziphumo, uphuhliso lweengcebiso ngezixa zezondlo ezichanekileyo kunye nomanyaniso lweemfuneko zezondlo zezityalo ukuze kubekho inkqubo ebanzi yolawulo lwezondlo.
Injongo yokuhlalutywa komhlaba kukuqikelela isakhono somhlaba ukuze kunikwe inkxaso yezondlo ezifunekayo kwizityalo ezikhulayo nokufumanisa ngohlalutyo naziphi iingxaki zomhlaba ezinokuthintela ukukhula nokuphuhla okuncomekayo kwezityalo. Uhlalutyo lomhlaba ukwenzela ukufumanisa isiqulatho sodongwe nako kuvumela izixa zezitshabalalisi-zokhula ezichanekileyo kwinkqubo yolawulo lokhula.
Kubalulekile ukuthatha isampulu engummeli kwintsimi nganye. Isampulu yokugqibela ethunyelwa elabhoratri isenokuba nobunzima be-0,5 kg kanti kuyo kunokuhlalutywa ii-gram ezimbalwa kuphela. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukukhetha amasimi anobunzulu bomhlaba neentlobo zomhlaba kunye neendawo zamasimi ezahluka-hlukileyo nezingamelanga intsimi ngokuphelela kwayo. Uhlalutyo lulunge njengesampulu eqokelelwe entsimini. Khumbula ukuba kukho ukwahluka-hlukana okukhulu emhlabeni wentsimi. Kwixesha elidlulileyo isampulu eqokelelwe kwishumi ngalinye leehektare zebloko yentsimi yayibonwa njengelingeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, kule mihla kucetyiswa ukuthenga okanye ukuboleka umbhojana wokubhola baze abantu bahambe ngokwesimbo esigoso-goso kuyo yonke intsimi ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi, omnye ebambe ingxowa yesampulu nganye, kuthathwe ingxam kubunzulu obuphakathi kwe-15cm nama-20cm, kodwa kungadlulwa kuma-20 cm.
Xa kusetyenziswa ingxowa endala yesichumiso, qinisekisa ukuba iphendulelwe umphandle ube ngaphakathi njengoko ihlalutyana nje elinye lesichumiso lanele ukuphembelela iziphumo zovavanyo. Kunokufakwa iingxam ezininzi kangangoko, umzekelo nge-100 ukuya kuma-200 yeemitha nganye, xa kuhanjwa goso-goso. Thatha iisampulu eziphakathi kwemiqolo etyaliweyo zesityalo sangaphambili njengoko indawo apho bekukho izityalo ezimbalwa khona isenokubonakala njengezowuni yokuchuma okuphezulu. Isampulu ehlanganiselweyo ixutywa ngocoselelo ukuze isampulu emalunga nama-500 eegram ithathwe kwiindawo ezahluka-hlukileyo zengxowa kwakhona ize ifakwe kwibhokisi enikwa yilabhoratri yovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuthunyelwa elabhoratri umelo olungakhethi-cala.
Ibhokisi yesampulu mayiphawulwe ngokucacileyo ngenombolo yentsimi, igama, idilesi yefama, iinombolo zoqhagamshelwano nomhla wokuthathwa kwesampulu ukuthintela nakuphi ukubhideka okunokubakho elabhoratri. Kusoloko kubhetele ukukuphetha oku entsimini ukuze kungabikho mpazamo yakutshintsheka kweesampulu okunokwenzeka.
Ukuba icandelo lentsimi livelisa ukukhula nesivuno esihle ngokubalaseleyo, kucetyiswa ukuba uthathe isampulu engeyiyo yale ntsimi. Le sampulu, xa ithelekiswa nesampulu yesiqhelo, inokusetyenziselwa ukukhanyisa iintsilelo zolungelelwaniso zokuchuma ezithile kuloo bloko ezinokuthi zichazwe zize zilungiswe.
Iisampulu zomhlaba mazingaqokelelwa kwiindawo ezingafanelekanga ezifana nemimandla engasemanxwemeni, imisele engenzi nto, iindawo zokugcina ifula eyafunjwa kudala, iindulana ezisezigingqini okanye kwiindawo ezikhukulisekileyo.
Ngoku yinto enokwenzeka ngezobugcisa ukusebenzisa iZixokelelwano Zeendawo Zehlabathi (Global Positioning Systems, GPS) ukuchonga iindawo kwisixokelelwano sothungelwano esikwisithuba se-0,5 ukuya kwiimitha ezine seendawo ezinqumlwayo kwisixokelelwano sothungelwano okanye xa kusenzelwa ukusasazwa kweesampulu kwisixokelelwano sothungelwano. Iisampulu ke ngoko zinokuthelekiswa kumaxesha ngamaxesha kwixesha elizayo kanti iinguquko ezahluka-hlukeneyo kwimiba yokuchumisa umhlaba zisenokubekwa iliso ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi kwithuba elithile. Iziphumo zeenkcukacha kunokufikelelwa kuzo ngeSixokelelwano Solwazi Ngomhlaba (Ground Information System, GIS) ukuze kuveliswe itshathi yemibala "egudisiweyo" yomhlaba ebonisa iqondo lesimuncu (pH). Izondlo ezincinanana ze-calcium, i-magnesium, i-phosphate, i-sulphur, i-nitrogen nezinye iintlobo zovavanyo lomhlaba ukuze kufumaneke inkangeleko ebonakalayo yokwahluka-hluka okanye ubuzaza bengxaki ethile entsimini. Kwiindawo ezininzi izizikithi ezijikelezwayo zibekwa esweni ngokusebenzisa indlela yothungelwano kwihektare ngokwebloko nganye.
Elona xesha lilungileyo lokuthatha iisampulu kuxa unexesha lokwenza umsebenzi omhle, xa ukwazi ukwenza ingqalelo yokwahlula intsimi kakuhle ngokweendawo ezilungeleleneyo zokuthatha iisampulu ukuze oko kwenziwe ngonyaka ngamnye kwangalo elo xesha emva kokuvuna okanye kwindawo enye kujikeleziso lwezityalo. Kuluncedo kakhulu ukuthumela iisampulu ezihlalutywayo xa iilabhoratri zingaxakekanga kakhulu. Isiphithi-phithi sexesha elizayo lehlobo sikholisa ukubakho ngenyanga kaSeptemba nekaOktobha ngonyaka ngamnye. Isicwangciso masenziwe kuselithuba ukuze kwenziwe isicwangciso esifanelekileyo nokuze kudityanwe nabacebisi abanika iingcebiso malunga nezichumiso.
Ngoninzi lweempawu zomhlaba eziya kuvavanyelwa ii-phosphates (P), i-potassium (K), izinto ezikhuliswe ngokwendalo neqondo lobumncu (pH), iisampulu zezondlo ezincinanana ezisemhlabeni mazithathwe kubunzulu obusisigxina be-0 cm - ukuya ku-15 cm. Kuxhomekeke ekugangathekeni komphezulu, ubunzulu bovavanyo obufanelekileyo kunokuthathwa ukusuka ku-0 cm ukuya ku-20 cm.
Qwalasela ukuba ingxowa nganye yesampulu ichonga ngokucacileyo intsimi ethathwe kuyo kwaye inenombolo yayo efana yodwa. Iingxowa mazivalwe ngokhuselo, zigcinwe kude nobushushu obuphezulu, kwindawo epholileyo, zize zithunyelwe elabhoratri msinyane emva kokuba zithathiwe.
Obona buncinci bezixhobo obufunekayo xa kuthathwa iisampulu ziimephu zefama, iinkcukacha ekubhekiselelwa kuzo zohlobo lomhlaba, iinkcukacha ze-GPS (ukuba ziyafuneka), izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokubhola umhlaba, okanye imihlakulo (xa kunokugcineka ubunzulu obusisigxina), iingxowa zeesampulu ezingundoqo, iingxowa zeelabhoratri zomhlaba, iipeni zokuphawula iibhokisi neengxelo ezigciniweyo malunga nentsimi.
Ezona labhoratri zikhuselekileyo zinokusetyenziswa zezo zinganxulumenanga nalo naliphi iqumrhu elithile - ezi ziphumo zihlawulelwa ngumlimi ngoko ke ziba yimpahla yomnini. I-ARC ineqela leelabhoratri ezilunge kakhulu ezinokusetyenziswa ngesi sizathu. Ngelishwa, amaqumrhu athile ezichumiso alwenza simahla uhlalutyo, akuthakazelela ukukhupha iziphumo kuphela xa umlimi ethenga izichumiso kuwo.
Uninzi lweelabhoratri lunebhaskithi yeemvavanyo ezisisiseko ezikholisa ukwenziwa njengovavanyo lwesiqhelo ngexabiso elihle kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokusebenziseka kweziphumo.
Ucetyiswa ukuba ucele iimvavanyo ezidweliswe ngezantsi ukuze Isazi Ngomhlaba (Agronomist) okanye umcebisi akunike icebiso eliphathekayo emva kokuqwalasela iziphumo zovavanyo lomhlaba ngokunjalo nokutsalwa ziindawo ezintle zamasimi efama yakho kunye nobume bemeko yemozulu apho ikhoyo ifama yakho. Iimvavanyo zobumuncu (pH, i-P, i-K, i-Ca, i-Mg, i-Na nepesenti yokuxinana kwesimuncu (i-acid) kudibene nokulandelayo okufuna isicelo esihanjiswa sodwa, i-S (xa ilabhoratri inazo izixhobo zokukuvavanya oku), i-Zn (HCL), ipesenti yodongwe neemfuneko zekalika, njengobona buncinci.
Kukholisa ukuba khona iindleko ezihamba nohlalutyo lweesampulu zomhlaba - kodwa khumbula ukuba ukuchitha iirandi zamakhulu ambalwa kunokukulondolozela amawaka eerandi kwimveliso yezityalo. Kubhetele kakhulu ukuthatha iisampulu ngonyaka ngamnye kunokulondoloza imali encinci mhlawumbi uze ugqibele ngokusebenzisa uhlobo olungachanekanga, okanye isixa, sesichumiso.
<fn>Pula Imvula. PoliticiansMaize.2010-05.xh.txt</fn>
Imini abathethe ngayo abalimi nabezopolitiko...
Byline: NguJenny Mathews, usihlalo weNkqubo yaseGrain SA yoPhuhliso lwamaFama.
Photo: NguNks Jane McPherson, uGq Willie KotzÃ©, uMoss Malo, uMonica Mpetshu-Matamba, uTom Gwala, uSamuel Moloi, uElias Monaisa, uWilliam Matasane, noNksk Jenny Mathews abebeye kwiNkomfa yaseAgri SA yoPhuhliso lweMpahla yoRhwebo namaFama ebibanjwe kwisiXeko saseKapa kutshanje.
Iqela laseGrain SA loPhuhliso lwamaFama beliye kwiNkomfa yaseAgri SA yoPhuhliso lweMpahla yoRhwebo namaFama, ebibanjwe ngowama-25 nama-26 Februwari 2010 kwisiXeko saseKapa.
Sekubaluleke kakhulu ngoku ukuba sijolise ingqalelo yabezopolitiko kwimeko emandundu yezoqoqosho ezijongene nayo ezolimo eMzantsi Afrika kuba asinakuqhuba ngokulima izityalo ezingasiniki nzuzo - kananjalo ngokuqinisekileyo asinakuncedisa kwinkqubo yenguquko neyokubuyiselwa kwemihlaba ngokuthi sibone nje kuphela ukuhlala kwabalimi abatsha kwiifama zabo kodwa babe bengakwazi kulima ukuze bafumane inzuzo eya kubenza babe ngabalimi abalondolozekayo, naborhwebo oluphilayo! Ngoko ke, abalimi baye kwisiXeko saseKapa ngethemba lokufikelela kwiindlebe zabaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo. Ngokuba bebelapho - nathi ngokunjalo!
Iqela laseGrain SA loPhuhliso lwamaFama belimenywe ukuba libonise ngeefoto nezilayidi zomsebenzi eliwenza kulo lonke eli lizwe kanti iMaize Trust inike inkxaso kolu hambo lwaseKapa lwegqiza labameli abasixhenxe labalimi abasaphuhlayo. Igqiza lethu belimelwe nguNks Jane McPherson, uGq Willie KotzÃ©, uMoss Malo, uMonica Mpetshu-Matamba, uTom Gwala, uSamuel Moloi, uElias Monaisa, uWilliam Matasane, noNksk Jenny Mathews.
UMphathiswa uTina Joemat-Pettersson ebesisithethi esiphambili kusuku lokuqala lwenkomfa. UMphathiswa uyibalule indima yemibutho yempahla yorhwebo kuphuhliso lwecandelo "elibone abalimi abarhwebayo bebambe izandla zamahlakani asaqalayo ngobubele kananjalo ewaxhobisa ngezakhono zobuchule nangolwazi oluxabisekileyo." Uqinisekise abameli-zingxoxweni ukuba uphuhliso lweendawo ezisemaphandleni nokubuyiswa kwemihlaba yimiba ephambili kurhulumente kwaye ukhuselo lokutya nokudalwa kwamathuba emisebenzi yeyona mibandela kujoliswe kuyo leyo. Uphawule ukuba umba ekujoliswe kuwo licandelo wokudalwa kwamathuba emisebenzi usemva kakhulu kwaye oku kufuneka kuqwalaselwe. Inkonzo yakhe iya kujolisa kananjalo kuphuhliso lwabanini bemihlaba emincinci nakubalimi borhwebo lo gama ngaxeshanye evumile ukuba bayiphawule into yokuba kubekho ukwetha kotyalo-mali kweli candelo ngoko ke urhulumente kwixesha langoku wenza isicwangciso sesakhiwo esisiseko sotyalo-mali kunye neSebe lezoThutho. Uphinde wathi baziphawule iingxaki ezivela njengesiphumo esiyinyaniso sokuba abalimi bethu abafumana uncedo oluncinci nabangalufumaniyo kwaphela, kufuneka bekhuphisene nabanye abalimi bamazwe aphuhlileyo abafumana iinkxaso kurhulumente. Iingxaki ezizingisileyo zonqongophalo lwemali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini zidibene ngengxaki eyandayo yokunyuka kweendleko zamagalelo okuqalisa, nekhokelele ekubeni imihlaba emikhulu ihlale ingasetyenziswa, inganiki mveliso kananjalo ityeshelwe, yimibandela leyo eyaziwayo ngabaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo kwaye bathembisa ngenkxaso ethe vetshe kubanini bemihlaba emincinci nabalimi abatsha.
Kwintetho yakhe uMphathisa uthe isebe linenjongo yokubanceda abalimi ngokusebenzisa izixokelelwano ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokubanika inkxaso ukuze kuthinteleke ukuthinjwa kodwa uthe abalimi baya kunikwa ithuba leminyaka emithathu lemfesane kanti ngelo xesha kufuneka bebonise ukuba amashishini abo emi kakuhle. Olu luphawu olukhuthazayo lokuzinikela oluvela kurhulumente kodwa kukho inkxalabo yokuba lo gama abalimi bengekakwazi ukulima nakuphi ukutya okuziinkozo okanye imbewu yeoyile ngendlela ebanika inzuzo, ukulondolozeka kwabo kwixesha elide kuya kuhlala kusetha.
UMphathiswa uthe umsebenzi wokukhupha imveliso kwezolimo uya ngokuhla ungangxamanga kwaye uMzantsi Afrika uya ngokuthenga iimveliso zezolimo kwamanye amazwe. Umbuzo omawuphakanyiswe ngulo: Kutheni sithenga imveliso enokwenziwa ngabalimi bethu apha emihlabeni eyiyeyethu ngokusebenza abaxhasi bethu bezinto ezisetyenziswayo ngaloo ndlela kufumaneke namathuba emisebenzi Ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kwenyama yenkomo, inyama yamathole enkomo, eyenkuku namaqanda ngokuqinisekileyo kuyanda. Oku kuthetha ukuba sihlawula abalimi bamazwe angaphandle ngemveliso enike abemi bamazwe abo amathuba emisebenzi kwaye asebenzise iinkxaso zabo zokutya okuziinkozo. Ezi ntengo zakwamanye amazwe zikwathetha ukuba sichitha umqukuqelo wemali esesandleni ngaphandle kwemida yethu kunokuyigcina ngaphakathi kwelizwe lethu ukuze kuncedakale ityathanga lexabiso lezolimo ngokwenza njalo sivuselele uqoqosho lwethu oluqhwalelayo lwasemaphandleni?
UMnu Gugile Nkwinti, uMphathiswa woPhuhliso Lwasemaphandleni Nokubuyiswa Kwemihlaba, ebesisithethi esisentloko kusuku lwesibini, lona obelujoliswe kwimibandela emalunga nophuhliso lwabalimi abatsha. Uthe ukholelwa ekubeni mkhulu umsebenzi ekusafuneka wenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukugqithiselwa komhlaba ngempumelelo, utsho esithi kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo yohlobo olulodwa kubalimi abatsha asebesezifama nabatsala nzima ukuzuza impumelelo. UMphathiswa uNkwinti uphawule ukuba ezolimo ezisekwe kakuhle zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubekeni iliso nokuqeqesha abalimi abatsha. Igqiza laseGrain SA labameli-zingxoxweni lifumene ithuba lokuthetha ngemiqobo ebathintela kwimpumelelo yabo kwaye baphefumle kanobomi ngezinto ezibakhathazayo ngakumbi xa bekuthethwa ngokusilela kokugqithiselwa kwemihlaba kuba ukunika abantu umhlaba akulingenanga baze baqhuba bathi indlela enika uncedo kuwo onke amacala efama nganye ifuna uphuhliso nenkxaso kwithuba elide lexesha. Omnye umbandela oxhalabisayo kukunikwa kweefama ngokwamaqela kuba ekugqibeleni iba ligcuntswana elizimiselayo nelizinikelayo labalimi abasebenzela abanye abaziindlalifa "abagwenceli-simahla".
UMphathiswa uyincome kakhulu indima yeGrain SA kangangokuba ucele intlanganiso negqiza labameli-zingxoxweni, nto leyo enika ithemba lokusondeza isebe lakhe kufutshane neqela elisebenza kunye laseGrain SA kwaye sihleli kwelo themba lokuba oku kuya kuba neempembelelo ezilungileyo kwixesha elizayo.
<fn>Pula Imvula. ProfitMaize.2010-05.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba abalimi kufuneka befumene inzuzo?
Byline: NguJenny Mathews, usihlalo weNkqubo yaseGrain SA yoPhuhliso lwamaFama.
Uninzi lwabalimi luthi inzuzo asisosizathu ekuphela kwaso sokwenza umsebenzi wokufama. Bathi banothando lomhlaba nezithuba ezikhulu ezivulekileyo, okanye bonwabela ukuzimela abakunikwa ngumsebenzi wokufama okungekhoyo eofisini okanye kumaqonga okusebenza amaqumrhu nakwimigaqo-nkqubo. Kodwa abalimi abanakuze bayiphike into yokuba iinzuzo zibalulekile kumashishini abo ngeendlela ezininzi ezahluka-hlukeneyo.
Okokuqala inzuzo sisalathiso sempumelelo yemisebenzi yabalimi kwaye, ngokusekwe kwiinzuzo, umlimi uyakwazi ukwenza isicwangciso sokukhula okanye amalinge ophuhliso exesha elizayo, nto leyo eyomeleza impumelelo yakhe yethuba elide. Iinzuzo zikwanika umvuzo wexesha lonyaka lokusebenza nzima. Xa umlimi ekwazi ukulinganisa iimbuyekezo zemali ezinika ithemba ngokotyalo-mali aqalise ngalo kwifama yakhe, adibanise nokusebenza kwakhe kananjalo nolawulo lwalo lonke ixesha lonyaka, oko kuyamkhuthaza ukuba aphinde enze utyalo-mali kwishishini lomsebenzi wokufama.
Bonke abalimi bayayazi imingcipheko exhaphake kumsebenzi wokufama. EMzantsi Afrika sizizisulu zeemeko zemozulu eguqu-guqukayo, nemikhwa yeemvula ezingalungelelaniyo nezingathembekiyo ezenza ukuba icandelo lezolimo libe sisisulu seempembelelo zembalela. Le mingcipheko iyaziwa, kanti abavelisi abangabaphathi abalungileyo benza izicwangciso baze bahlale bezilungiselele xa kunokwenzeka ezi ziganeko.
Kukho imibandela enokulawulwa ngumlimi efana nokusebenzisa iindlela zokufama "ezizezona zilungileyo": iinkqubo zokulungiswa komhlaba nezokufakwa kwesichumiso, ukunkcenkceshwa kwamasimi apho kunokwenzeka khona, ukuthengwa kodidi lwembewu nesichumiso nokulawulwa kokhula nezitshabalalisi-zezityalo kulo lonke ixesha lonyaka. Omnye umbandela womsebenzi wokufama onokulawuleka lulwazi lomlimi. Uninzi lwabalimi luqalisa ngemfundo esisiseko baze emva koko bafumane uqeqesho lohlobo olulodwa lwezolimo kumaziko oqeqesho okanye ngezintlu zezifundo ezifutshane ezifana nezo zifumaneka simahla kwiNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA. Ukufunda ngamava nako kudlala indima enamandla amakhulu kubomi bomlimi kwaye ufunda ukuyazi ifama yakhe nobugoci-goci bayo obungafani nobunye.
Ingxaki kukuba kwixesha langoku umsebenzi wokufama ufumana amava emeko emandundu malunga nenzuzo! Akuzange nanini kwithuba langaphambili ukuba kungancedi nganto ukulima izityalo. Ngoku, ngaphezu kwalo naliphi elinye ixesha langaphambili, umlimi ngamnye unoxanduva lokulawula ishishini lakhe ngokuqaphela ukuze aphumelele kanti oku kuthetha ukuba asoloko ezazi iindleko zeshishini lakhe kananjalo athelekise isakhono sengeniso seshishini ngalinye ngokwahluka kwalo okanye umsebenzi owenziwa efama, nesivuno esinokufumaneka kwimisebenzi yakhe yokufama. Akulunganga ngokwaneleyo ukuba ngumlimi olungileyo oyaziyo eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokusebenza umhlaba, ongumkhandi onesandla okanye oyichanayo impahla efunekayo - kuninzi okufuneka ngaphezu koko!
Njengabalimi, ingaba sizigcina sixakekile okanye ingaba siqhuba ishishini elinenzuzo?
Isoyikiso esikhulu kwimpumelelo yomsebenzi wokufama yile nto maxa wambi ebizwa ngokuba "lungonyamelo lokuxheshekileyo". Ngelishwa oku luphawu olukhulu lomsebenzi wokufama osoloko unemibandela efuna ingqalelo exheshekileyo nokukwazi ukumelana nemo yonxunguphalo imihla ngemihla kanti imiceli-mngeni yosuku ngalunye iba yindlela ekwenziwa ngayo izinto. Ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kule mibandela yemihla ngemihla kusenokuba yingozi xa sijonge ekuphileni kwithuba elide leshishini lokufama xa kusenza umlimi ukuba atyeshele isicwangciso esibalulekileyo nomba wolawulo lomsebenzi wokufama.
Ulawulo lwefama ngumsetyenzana ongqalileyo ojongene nokwenziwa kwesicwangciso nolungiselelo. Lufuna ixesha nokuqeqesheka "kunokuziva wonwabile" kuphela. Umlimi wenene ngamnye uyonwaba xa iitrektara zakhe zikulungele ukubaleka kwimihlaba elindileyo echumileyo - kodwa oko akusoloko kuyinto elungileyo enokwenziwa! Umzekelo, kweli xesha lonyaka 2010 - 2011, abalimi bombona kufuneka beqwalasele ngokuqaphela ukuba ingaba ukutyala umbona kuya kuba luncedo na kuba iingcali zezoqoqosho zakwaGrain SA zicebisa ukuba isixa esiyintsalela sokutya okuziinkozo esikhoyo kwithuba langoku siya kuwagcina ephantsi amaxabiso ukuze imida yenzuzo ibe sezantsi ngokugqithisileyo okanye ingabikho kwaphela ngaphandle kokuba kunokwenzeka ummangaliso onokuguqula umfanekiso okhoyo.
Umlimi ngamnye kufuneka achithe ixesha esenza uphando ngesakhono sefama yakhe. Uhlola intsimi yakhe, imeko yakhe yemali nemingcipheko abona ukuba unako ukuyithatha, abasebenzi aya kubafuna iindleko eziphathelene nabo kananjalo uqwalasela izakhono kunye namandla akhe afana odwa. Le ngqalelo imalunga nokubeka umgangatho wezoqoqosho kwindawo yokuqala nokwenza eyona nto ilungileyo ifanele ukwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ezona nzuzo ziphezulu zinokufumaneka. Khumbula ukuba ukulondolozeka kuxhomekeke kwiinzuzo!
Zeziphi izityalo ezahluka-hlukeneyo endiza kuzivelisa Ndiza kulima yiphi imidibaniso Yindawo engakanani yefama ekulungele ngokubalaseleyo ukulinywa kwezityalo Singakanani isakhono endinaso sokugcina imfuyo Ingaba kukho inkqubo enokufanela le fama endinokuyiqhuba ukuze ndongeze ixabiso lemveliso endiyilimayo?
Ndiza kuzilima njani ezi zityalo Ingaba ndinayo imfanelo yayo nayiphi inkxaso yomsebenzi wemveliso Ingaba iincwadi zam zigcineke zicocekile kwaye zichanekile Zinako na ukundibonakalisa emehlweni omxhasi-zimali ndinobungcali kwaye ndithembekile Ingaba kufuneka ndithenge okanye ndiqeshe iitrektara, izixhobo zokusebenza okanye naziphi ezinye izixhobo Yeyiphi imibandela enokuphembelela iindleko zam zamagalelo?
AbakwaGrain SA baneengcali kwezoqoqosho abaqwalasela ukuhla nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kananjalo imikhwa yommandla wentengiso kwaye bazisa abalimi msinyane kangangoko malunga neenguquko ezinokuchaphazela ishishini. Abalimi kufuneka babe neendlela zokuhlala benxulumene nolwazi lomzuzu ngamnye!
Ngokweenkcukacha zakutshanje ezivela kwaCentral Energy Fund (Ingxowa-mali Esesizikithini Samandla , ixabiso lepetroli lisenokunyuka ngeesenti ezingama-51,5 ngelitha nganye ngomhla wesi-7 Epreli, ukuze ixabiso le-diesel linyuke ngeesenti ezingama-54,5 ngelitha nganye. Ezi ziganeko zokunyuka ezilindelekileyo zisenokunxulunyaniswa ubukhulu becala nokunyuka kwerhafu kunye nerhafu yeNgxowa-mali Yeengozi Zeendlela (Road Accident Fund - RAF), eziza kuqalisa ngoEpreli, njengoko izibalo ze-Central Energy Fund kwithuba langoku zibonisa imbuyiselo enganeno kumaxabiso eziniki-mlilo. Irhafu ye-diesel iya kunyuka ngeesenti ezili-17,5 ngelitha nganye, lo gama irhafu ye-RAF iza kunyuka ngeesenti ezisi-8 ngelitha nganye. Njengoko ezi ziganeko zokunyuka ziya kubanga ukunyuka kwisaphulelo somlimi kwi-diesel, iimpembelelo kwintsalela yexabiso lomlimi le-diesel ziya kunyuka zibe ziisenti ezingama- 42,5 ngelitha nganye.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukujolisa ishishini kwiimfuno zommandla wentengiso nemali ummandla wentengiso ofuna ukuyichitha ngemveliso. Akulunganga ngokwaneleyo ukusebenza nzima umntu achithe imali eninzi elima imveliso ethandekayo kanti ekugqibeleni uya kufumanisa ukuba isezantsi imfuno ebangwa ngemveliso yakhe. Okanye mhlawumbi afumanise ukuba ixhaphake kakhulu imveliso leyo ngoko ke amaxabiso athengisekayo abe phantsi kakhulu, ngolo hlobo umsebenzi owenziwe ngazo zonke iinyanga efama ube ubuyinkcitha-xesha kube kungekho kwanzuzo efumanekileyo! Kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo ngokuqaphela isiphetho semveliso ngengqiqo yokuba imveliso iya kufunwa ngabasebenzisi nokuthi unganika inkxaso yayo ngexabiso abanothakazelelo lokulihlawula bakwazi ukufumana inzuzo efanelekileyo!
Abalimi bombona kuya kufuneka baqwalasele konke abanokukhetha kuko kwixesha elizayo lonyaka. Amaxabiso ommandla wentengiso aphantsi kakhulu kwaye aya kuhlala ephantsi ngolu hlobo de kubuye imbuyekezo enempilo ethe chatha elungeleleneyo phakathi kwenkxaso nemfuno ebangwayo. Ukusetyenziswa kombona ngaphakathi eMzantsi Afrika kunokuba ziitoni eziqhelekileyo ezizigidi ezili-9 ngonyaka kanti ingqikelelo yesi sityalo yakutshanje ibeka isivuno sethu kwiitoni ezizigidi ezili-12,8. Ngamanye amazwi, silima umbona ogqithisileyo nto leyo eyenza ukuba ummandla wentengiso uphuphume kanti isiphumo soko ngamaxabiso aqhubayo ngokuba phantsi emveliso yethu side sifumane imfuno ebangwayo enyukileyo yombona.
Ukuyeka ukuthenga kumazwe angaphandle inyama yehagu, inkuku namaqanda kodwa kwandiswe imveliso yethu yezi mveliso.
Ngamawaka-waka abalimi (abakhulu nabancinane) nezigidi zeehektare ebezinokuziswa kwimveliso xa imimandla yentengiso yombona ibinokwandiswa ukuze kwande imfuno ebangwayo ukuze ngolo hlobo kunyuke amaxabiso. Abalimi ngoosomashishini ngoko ke inzuzo ibalulekile kubo ukuze balondolozeke.
<fn>Pula Imvula. ProfitsMaize.2010-06.xh.txt</fn>
Ukongeza ixabiso - ingaba oku kunako ukwandisa iinzuzo?
Ukuqhutywa kokongezwa kwexabiso maxa wambi sisicwangciso sobuqili esiphumeza abalimi ekwandiseni imida yenzuzo yabo nesigcina imisbenzi yabo yokufama isempilweni. Ngokubanzi, ukongeza ixabiso okanye "ulongezo-xabiso" kukuqhubela phambili imveliso ukuze kongezwe ixabiso elithe chatha kuyo.
Yintoni ulongezo lwexabiso?
Ukongeza ixabiso lesityalo kuthetha ukuzibandakanya kwitsheyini yexabiso ngokuqhubela phambili imveliso yefama ngendlela ethile okanye nokuba kungayiphi indlela. Oku kukholisa ukufuna ukuba umlimi enze utyalo-mali kweminye imisebenzi efana nokuqesha uncedo olongezelelweyo, okanye athenge ezinye izixhobo, ngoko ke kufuneka izibalo zenziwe ngokuqaphela ukuze kufumaneke iinzuzo emva kwenkqubo yokongezwa kwexabiso. Ngaphaya koko, ezi zibalo akufuneki zenziwe kanye kuphela - amaxabiso angazinzanga nobume beemeko zemimandla yentengiso eguqu-guqukayo yemimandla yentengiso enza izibalo zihle zinyuka ukuze ke ngoko maxa wambi inkqubo yokongeza ixabiso ibe nenzuzo, lo gama ngamanye amaxesha kusuka kungabi njalo.
Kutheni abalimi kufuneka bezibandakanyile kwinkqubo yokongezwa kwexabiso?
Kaninzi abalimi ngabamkeli bamaxabiso kunokuba babe ngababeki bamaxabiso. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngabathengi bemveliso yasefama abamisela imali eya kuhlawulwa kwaye umlimi akanagunya lesigqibo sokuthetha-thethana ngentengiselwano ephucukileyo. Njengesiphumo, abalimi mabakhangele iindlela abanokufumana ngazo isabelo kwixabiso elongezelelwa kwisityalo sabo emva kokuba sishiye ifama ngokugcina inkqubo yemveliso kwifama nakwingingqi iphezulu kangangoko xa isaphucukile ngokoqoqosho.
Amaxabiso ombona ethuba langoku ka-2010 aphantsi kakhulu kwaye abalimi bombona kufuneka beqwalasele ukuba ingaba ikhona na indlela abanokuphucula ngayo ingeniso enokufumaneka yesityalo. Umzekelo, kunokwenziwa isibalo esilula sokufumanisa inzuzo enokufumaneka ngokongeza ixabiso ngokusila umbona ube ngumgubo wombona.
Masenze isibalo ngokucingela ekubeni itoni enye yombona omhlophe inokuthengiswa nge- R1 000. Endaweni yokuthengisa le toni inye yombona kwimbumba yamaqumrhu ezityalo eziziinkozo yendawo leyo, uMnumzana uMlimi unokuguqula umbona omhlophe ube ngumgubo wombona osetyenziswa ngabantu. Oku unokukwenza ngokuzisilela ngokwakhe okanye ngokusa umbona kwilitye lokusila elikufutshane lokuwuqhubela phambili aze emva koko aye kuqokelela umgubo lowo wombona obekelelweyo.
UMnumzana uMlimi unokuqwalasela iinzuzo zethuba elide zokusila umbona kwifama eyiyeyakhe ukuze yena ngokwakhe abe nguMnumzana uMnini-litye Lokusila.
Ingaba unaso isithuba kwifama yakhe okanye kungafuneka ukuba aqeshe indawo na?
Yeyiphi imithetho yeempilo afanele ukuyithobela kwaye inganeendleko ezingakanani?
Zeziphi izixhobo anokufanela ukuba nazo kwaye ingaba inkcitho iya kufaneleka na kwithuba elide elizayo umzekelo, amatye okusila, izikali, izixhobo zokubhola umhlaba, izixubanisi noomatshini bokuthunga iingxowa njl.njl.?
Loluphi uhlobo lokubekelela olunokufuneka kwaye angazithenga phi iingxowa?
Zingangakanani iindleko zoyilo lwe-logo, ukufakwa kweeleyibhile nokufakwa kohlobo?
Ingaba kungafuneka iqela elandisiweyo labasebenzi?
Umgubo wombona uza kuthengiswa phi?
Okufanele ukuphawulwa kukuba esi sicwangciso-buqili sesethuba elide esibophelela uMnu Mlimi kwinkqubo yokusila.
Enye indlela enokubakho kukuba uMnu Mlimi ase umbona wakhe omhlophe kumsebenzi wokusila okufutshane ukuze uqhutyelwe phambili ngokwenziwa ngumgubo wombona. Le ndlela engabopheleliyo ithetha ukuba usenokukhetha ukwenza oku xa amaxabiso ombona ephantsi kangangokuba anqwenele ukufumana indlela yokuphakamisa umda wenzuzo kwisityalo okanye usenokuthengisa umbona wakhe ungaqhutyelwanga phambili xa ixabiso lommandla wentengiso lamkelekile. Ayifuni tyalo-mali lwemali yokuqalisa ishishini kodwa iyalongeza ixabiso. Umlimi ngamnye kusafuneka enze umsebenzi wakhaya wokucinga malunga nendawo yakhe ahlala kuyo.
Ama-20% elahleko yokusila kuba amakhatshu nezinambitho ezijengqa-jengqiweyo zigcinwa njengenxalenye yentlawula kaMnu Mnini-litye lokusila.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ndiza kufumana ama-800 kg omgubo wombona kwi-1 000 kg yombona wam.
Kukwakho intlawulo eyongezelelweyo yama-R320 yemali esesandleni eyongezelelweyo yokusila yeenkonzo ezinikwa nguMnu Mnini-litye lokusila.
Kodwa ama-800 kg omgubo wombona ngeengxowa zobukhulu obufaneleke ncam endizifunayo nendicela uMnu Mnini-litye lokusila ukuba afake kuzo umgubo wombona wam, zinokuthengiswa ngemali eyiyona iphantsi ye-R2,20 ngekhilogram.
Kuvela imisebenzi yendawo leyo.
Mininzi neminye imiba enokuphengululwa malunga nokongezwa kwexabiso. Kunenzuzo engakanani ukusebenzisa umbona kaMnu Mlimi kwizabelo zokondla iinkuku, iihagu, iigusha okanye iinkomo Zeziphi izinto eziluncedo kubalimi bombona xa kunokukhuthazwa ukuguqulelwa kombona kwishishini le-ethanol Ingaba uMnu Mlimi uya kufumana imali ethe vetshe ngesityalo sakhe sombona ekupheleni kwetsheyini yexabiso azibandakanye kuyo Siza kumana siziqwalasela ezi nkqubo kwixesha elizayo?
<fn>Pula Imvula. Soil2.2010-07-01.xh.txt</fn>
Diagram 1: Isixhobo sokuvavanya ukugangatheka komhlaba siya kunika umtyhi wento eyenzeka emhlabeni.
Eli nqaku liza kuchaza indlela esisebenza ngayo isixhobo sokuvavanya ukugangatheka komhlaba kunye nendlela yokulawula ukugangatheka komhlaba.
Isixhobo sokuvavanya ukugangatheka komhlaba siya kunika umtyhi ngento eqhubeka phakathi emhlabeni kodwa sesinye sezixhobo eziliqela neendlela ezisetyenziselwa ukubeka iliso kugangatheko lomhlaba. Uncedo olufumaneka kwesi sixhobo kukuba amasimi anokuhlolwa kwixesha lonyaka lethu lokulima lula kakhulu. Ukuba kuqwalaselwa izityalo ezineengxaki zempilo kunokuvavanywa msinyane ukuba ingaba ingxaki kukugangatheka komhlaba na okanye akunjalo. Kwakhona elona xesha libalaseleyo lokusebenzisa (i-penetrometer) kuxa isimo sokufuma komhlaba wonke sikwisakhono sentsimi. Iimeko ezome kakhulu okanye eziludaka azisayi kunika imilinganiselo efundeka ngendlela enokuthenjwa.
Isixhobo sokuvavanya sinebhumbulu yentsimbi enobungqukuva beqondo lama-30 enomphini wokuqhuba negeyiji yoxinzelelo. Iibhumbulu zemihlaba ethambileyo nelukhuni ziyafumaneka nazo. Ezi ncam ziyilelwe ukunika umfuziselo weengcambu ezikhula zityhutyhe emhlabeni. Isixhobo sikunika ukufundeka kwamaqondo ngokwee-kilopascal ezilinganisa ukumelana naso komhlaba ekugqobhozelekeni. La maqondo afundekayo anokukubonisa ukuqina okushiya-shiyanayo kokugangatheka okwahluka-hlukileyo kumanqanaba ngamanqanaba kwinkangeleko yomhlaba. La maqondo afundekayo anokusetyenziselwa ukufunisela imephu yayo yonke ifama okanye abe sesizikithini esijikelezwayo ukusuka kuso ukuya kwintsimi iphelele ukuze kuvavanywe ingxaki yokugangatheka komhlaba enokuba khona kwindawo ebaanzi.
Ukucutha ukulima umhlaba olinyiweyo ngenjongo yokulimela ulondolozo lomhlaba kubandakanywa ukulima okukona kuncinci komhlaba olinyiweyo.
Beka iitrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza kuphela okanye izixhobo eziziqhubayo phakathi xa umhlaba ukwisakhono sentsimi okanye nganeno kuso. Isimo sokufuma komhlba sinokuqwalaselwa phambi kokuqalisa ngokulima umhlaba olinyiweyo ngokuthatha isampulu yomhlaba ukusuka kubunzulu be-15 cm's emhlabeni ophezulu. Zama ukwenza ibhola ngawo. Ukuba ukbumbana lula kwaye uyancamathelana oko kuthetha ukuba umanzi kakhulu. Ukuba ucumzeka lula wome ngokwaneleyo ukuba ungalinywa kwakhona okanye uhanjwe ngezihamba-ndlela ezinzima.
Ukucutha kangangoko ukusetyenziswa kwamakhuba ebhodi yokubumba.
Sebenzisa ukulima ngamakhuba ebhodi yokubumba engena nzulu endaweni yezixhobo zamazinyo ukuze ukrazule ezantsi okanye uqhube ngokuqhekeza isigcina-kufuma esizezikhondweni.
Xa ukukrazula okunzulu kusebenzisa isixhobo samazinyo esingawuphazamisiyo umphezulu womhlaba kodwa siqhekeze nawuphi umhlaba olukhuni phakathi kwama-25 cm nama-45 cm kubunzulu bomhlaba.
Ukutyala ngesixhobo samazinyo akrazulayo esingaphazamisi umphezulu womhlaba kodwa esiqinisekisa ukuba nakuphi ukugangatheka okubangwe ziimvula ezinkulu, okanye kukuhanjwa zizihamba-ndlela kuyaqhekezwa ngaphantsi okanye kufutshane nomqolo olinyiweyo. Qiniseka ukuba imbewu ifakwa ecaleni kwesichumiso nasecaleni komqolo okrazulweyo.
Sebenzisa ukukrazula "okumanzi" phakathi kwemiqolo yezityalo ezityaliweyo emva kokutyalela ukuqhekeza ukugangatheka okungaphezulu, ukunika umhlaba umoya nokuvumela nayiphi imvula engaphaya koko ukugqobhozela nzulu.
Kubalulekile ukubandakanya nakuphi ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo, izityalo ezinezixokelelwano zeengcambu ezahluka-hlukileyo ezinceda ekuqhekezeni okanye ekuguquleni ubunzima benkangeleko yomhlaba. Ingqolowa, oojongilanga, umbona neembotyi zesoya kumjikeleziso ziya kunceda ekucutheni ukudaleka kokugangatheka okungaphezulu kwinkangeleko yomhlaba. Izityalo zengca ezineengcambu ezisasazeka ngokulungelelana zahlula-hlulwa ngezityalo zeengcambu eziyintloko. Izityalo zehabile ne-triticale ezinezixokelelwano zeengcambu zinokubandakanywa ekuphuculeni ukugangatheka nobunzulu bokulinywa komhlaba ngaxeshanye kwizixokelelwano apho umlimi angafuniyo khona ukulima amadlelo asisigxina. Izityalo nazo zinokujikeleziswa nezityalo zamadlelo kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu ukunika umhlaba ukuphumla ekonakalisweni ngoomatshini. Izivuno zezityalo zikholisa ukuphucuka xa bezityalwe kumjikelo kwakhona.
Ukuseta iitrektara nezixhobo ngokulinganiswa kwamavili nobubanzi bezixhobo obubobona bufanelekileyo ukuze isixokelelwano sokulawula ukuhanjwa zizihamba-ndlela kusetyenziswe kuwo wonke umsebenzi wokufama. Xa iitrektara zihamba kwimizila eseyigangathekile amandla afunekayo ayacuthwa ukuze kufumaneke ukusebenza okuphucukileyo kwe-diesel. Iindawo nemiqolo apho kutyalwa khona izityalo azisayi kugangatheka kwixesha elo lonyaka. Amasini nawo afikeleleka lula phucukileyo emva kweemvula ezinkulu ngokusebenzisa imizila ekhoyo yamavili.
Qala ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokufama zolondolozo ngokunciphisa imisebenzi yokulima umhlaba olinyiweyo uye ngasekuqokeleleni ulutho olungasetyenziselwanga michiza kangangoko emhlabeni kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemine.
<fn>Pula Imvula. TractorMaize.2010-06.xh.txt</fn>
NgoMeyi 2010 kuhlelo lwePula Imvula sidwelise iqela lezinto ofanele ukuzenza phambi kokuba usebenzise itrektara yakho. Itrektara yinto ebalulekileyo efama, kwaye xa ungayiphathi kakuhle itrektara yakho, iindleko ziya kukutyabula. Inxalenye 2 yeli nqaku iza kulandela.
Qiniseka ukuba unazo zonke iisayizi ezichanekileyo zeepeni nezikhonkwane.
Qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelo oluphezulu lugrisiwe nokuba kusetyenziswe isayizi echanekileyo yezikhonkwane.
Qiniseka ukuba zonke iibholiti kwi-drawbar ziqinisiwe kwaye zisebenzisa isikhonkwane esichanekileyo se-drawbar.
Iinkqubo ezilandelayo zokuqalisa mazilandelwe phambi kokuba uqalise itrektara yakho.
Yazi imiqathango yokhuselo lwetrektara nganye. Ezinye iitrektara zifuna ukuba ucinezele iklatshi phantsi lo gama isibambo segiyeri sikunyutrali.
Itrektara mayiduduziswe imizuzu embalwa kuqwalaselwe zonke iigeyiji nezikhanyisi ezilumkisayo kwiphaneli yezixhobo. Ukuba kukho into engalunganga yikhande phambi kokuqhubela phambili. Ungaze ureve itrektara ngaphandle kwemfuneko.
Yiba soloko usebenzisa itrektara kwigiyere echanekileyo kwaye ungaze uvumele injini ukuba isebenze nzima.
Vumela itrektara ukuba iduduze umzuzu omnye okanye emibini ukuze i-turbo iphole phambi kokucima injini. Zalisa itanki yakho ye-diesel emva komsebenzi wosuku ukuthintela ukujika komphunga wamanzi ube ngamathontsi kwitanki yakho ye-diesel.
<fn>Pula Imvula. WeedsMaize.2010-03.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: Isityalo sombona esingalunganga: khangela indlela ukhula eliphumelele ngayo edabini.
Photo 2: Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula okusileleyo, qaphela indlela ongayo umbona otyheli nobuthathaka.
Photo 3: Ihabile (i-oats) ezikhulela ingalinywanga engqoloweni. Khangela ihabile ezikhulelayo emhlophe nevelileyo ngobude uze ujonge isityalo esifutshane esigolide ngombala.
Photo 4: Ingca eyinqoboka etyheli efumaneka entsimini yombona.
Umsebenzi wokufama usengumceli-mngeni kanti ndithe kanye xa ndicinga ukuba wonke umntu seleve ngokwaneleyo ngokutshatyalaliswa kokhula, ndandwendwela amasimi endifumanise kuwo eyona ngxaki inkulu malunga nokhula, ngakumbi Ingca Eyinqoboka Etyheli (Yellow Nut Sedge), i-Uintjies kunye no-Monakaladi.
Ngaphandle kokutshatyalaliswa kokhula okupheleleyo akusayi kukwazi ukuvelisa izityalo ngendlela enika inzuzo nelondolozekayo. Ukhula lutshaba lwakho - ukhula lukhuphisana nezityalo zakho malunga namanzi, izondlo, isithuba kunye nokukhanya. Iindleko zokuvelisa izityalo ziphezulu kangangokuba akunakukwazi ukuvumela ukhula lusebenzise isichumiso osilungiselele ukuba sisetyenziswe sisityalo sakho.
Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ofanele ukuyikhetha kukunqanda ukhula ukuba lungaze lukhule. Xa wolule ubude bexesha olithathe phambi kokulutshabalalisa kananjalo ngokuya lukhula ukhula phambi kokuba ulubulale, uba mkhulu nawo kangako umonakalo olusukuba luwenze kwisityalo sakho. Impumelelo enkulu yomsebenzi wokulima izityalo ixhomekeke kwimpumelelo yokutshabalalisa ukhula.
Xa ungalwazi utshaba lwakho, akunakuze ukwazi ukulwa nalo ngempumelelo. Xa ufumana amasimi amatsha ongawaziyo, maxa wambi kunzima ukucingela ngethuba elingaphambili uhlobo lokhula oza kulufumana. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwexesha lokuqala lonyaka ukuyo nayiphi intsimi, uya kulwazi uhlobo lokhula olukhoyo kwaye ufanele ukukwazi ukuluthintela ukuba lungakhuli. Kufuneka wazi ukuba ingaba ukhula olo lolwamagqabi abanzi na okanye amxinwa. Kulungile kakhulu xa uwazi amagama alo lonke ukhula olufumaneke kwintsimi ethile, kuba uya kukwazi ukufumana icebiso ngendlela onokulawula uhlobo ngalunye.
Ukuba uthembele ekulutshabalaliseni ngoomatshini, qiniseka ukuba ngelixa ngalinye lokusebenza (ukulima okwenziwa kuqala okanye okulandeliswayo) kulutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo lonke ukhula. Qaphela ukuba amazinyo esixhobo angenelelana ngokuchanekileyo ukuze ungashiyeleli imicu yokhula. Ukuba intsimi imanzi kakhulu xa uhlakula ngenjongo yokususa ukhula, khumbula ukuba lusenokuphinda luzityale emhlabeni ofumileyo ukuze luphinde luqhube ngokukhula. Qiniseka ukuba usebenzisa ziphi izitshabalalisi zokhula kuselithuba elide phambi kokutyala. Kuya kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba isitshizi sakho sikwisimo esilungileyo sokusebenza, sine-PTO yokusebenza ngetrektara, igeyiji yoxinzelelo kunye nemilomo engqinelanayo.
Kukho abantu abawucwaba ngenene umsebenzi wokutshabalalisa ukhula kwizityalo. Khumbula ukuba olona hlobo luduru kakhulu lokutshabalalisa ukhula lolona lusebenzayo. Usenokungahlawuli mali, kodwa khumbula ukuba uya kulahlekelwa yingeniso eninzi.
Isitshabalalisi-lukhula esisebenza ngokubanzi nesingakhethiyo sinokusetyenziswa (esinjengeRoundup okanye iGramoxone), okanye intsimi inokucocwa ngoomatshini. Khumbula ukuba xa sithetha ngesitshabalalisi-lukhula esingakhethiyo, sitsho eso sibulala yonke into esisityalo entsimini. Qaphela kangangoko ukuba xa usebenzisa ezi zitshabalalisi zokhula, uthi wakutshiza ngazo, akusekho nto unokuyisebenzisa emva koko yokususa umchiza lowo.
Emva kokutyala, kusenokusetyenziswa isitshabalalisi sokhula saphambi kokuhluma esibhaliselwe ngokungqalileyo ukutshatyalaliswa olo hlobo lokhula kolo hlobo lwesityalo. Ingca eyinqoboka isenokuba yingxaki enkulu kwaye akululanga ukuyitshabalalisa. Ngethamsanqa, ingca eyiNqoboka eTyheli inako ukutshatyalaliswa ngempumelelo emboneni nasemazimbeni ngokusebenzisa i- Servian (imveliso ekuluhlu lwe-Syngenta). Kwiiveki zokuqala ezintandathu zobomi bezityalo lolona hlobo lubalulekileyo lokutshabalalisa ukhula - ukhutshiswano olunikwa lukhula kumabakala okuqala luneempembelelo ezimbi kakhulu kwisivuno sasekugqibeleni.
Ukhula malutshatyalaliswe luselula, lusakhula ngokukhawuleza kananjalo phambi kokuba lumilisele imbewu. Emva kokuba ukhula lumilisele imbewu, luya kuntshula luze lubange iingxaki ezimandundu. Ukhutshiswano olunikwa lukhula luchaphazela isivuno sesityalo. Ngethuba lefusi, nalapho amasimi mawagcinwe engenalukhula. Imbewu yokhula iyakwazi ukugqwesa emhlabeni kumathuba amade ukuze intshule xa iimeko zilungile.
Ziliqela izinto eziluncedo malunga nokutshabalalisa ukhula ngemichiza.
Isebenza ngokukhawuleza - msinyane kakhulu kunokusebenzisa oomatshini.
Xa intsimi imanzi, itrektara etsala isitshizi inokufikelela entsimini kuselithuba elide phambi itrektara etsala isixhobo sokulima ifike.
Unako ukutshabalalisa ukhula phambi kokuba luhlume ukuze ukhusele naluphi ukhutshiswano.
Isitshizi sinako ukufikelela kulo lonke ukhula silubulale lonke, kanti ukhula olukwimiqolo yesityalo lukholisa ukushiyeka lungaphazamisekanga emva kokuhlakula.
Njengesenzo sokucutha umsebenzi - kwiindawo ezininzi zaseMzantsi Afrika, ukususa ukhula kwenziwa ngesandla. Lowo ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Enye ingxaki esinayo kukuba ixesha lethu lonyaka elibi malunga nokhula leleKrisimesi neloNyaka Omtsha, xesha elo abantu bangazimiselanga kusebenza ngalo. Xa sekugqithe iiholide, ukhula lufumaneka selungasalawuleki kwaye selwenze umonakalo.
Masisebenze kunye ekwenzeni ukuba u-2010 ube "Ngunyaka ongenalukhula" Xa sijolise kulo mba mnye, ndiqinisekile ukuba siya kuphumelela.
<fn>PulaImvula.250TonClub(maize).2010-11-08.xh.txt</fn>
Abagqwesileyo kwiklabhu yeetoni ezingama-250 ngaba...
Photo 9: Ophumelele kuMlimi wonyaka weZixa eziNcinci eMpumalanga nguVincent Mdluli. Osecaleni kwakhe nguJerry Mthombothi (umququzeleli: eMpumalanga), ekhohlo, uPat Shiba (umphathi weNdwadwa Trust), ekunene.
Photo15: Ophumelele kuMlimi wonyaka weZixa eziNcinci eMpuma-Koloni nguColbert Timakwe.
Photo11: Abalimi abangabarhwebi namalungu eklabhu yeetoni ezingama-250 abafumene izatifikethi ibingaba: uReuben Maphira, uKlerk Melken, uFrans Gaoganediwe noDawid Malo.
Photo12: Amanye amalungu amathathu eklabhu yeetoni ezingama-250 nguDavid Maleleka, uThabo Macholo noMaseli Letuka.
Photo13: Abalimi abarhwebayo namalungu eklabhu yeetoni ezingama-500 naba: uJohannes Setshego, uLebby Machuisa, uLasarus Mothusi noDeliwe Ntebele-Mutlwane. UPogiso Dikobe yena ebengekho.
Photo14: Umlimi orhwebayo nelungu leklabhu yeetoni ezili-1000, uWilliam Matasane. Elinye ilungu leklabhu yeetoni ezili-1000, uPaul Morule, belingekho.
EBloemfontein ngowama-26 Agasti kulo nyaka iNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA iphinde yawonga abo balimi bavelise ngaphezu kwama-250 eetoni zokutya okuziinkozo ngonyaka ngamnye. Kuwongwe nabaLimi boNyaka beziXa eziNcinci.
<fn>PulaImvula. AccessMaize.2009-05.xh.txt</fn>
Phantse wonke umsebenzi wokufama ubandakanya ukusetyenziswa komhlaba. EMzantsi Afrika sineentlobo eziliqela zamalungiselelo engqesho yomhlaba. Umxokomelwano ngamnye unezinto zawo ezinamandla nezinobuthathaka. Asilonyanzelo ukuba nohlobo olunye kuphela lomxokomelwano, kodwa okubalulekileyo kukuwazi nokuwuqonda umxokomelwano osebenza phantsi kwawo.
Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ofanele ukuba nayo yimephu yefama, njengoko kulapho uqalisa khona ukwenza isicwangciso sakho. Xa ungenakukwazi ukufikelela kwimephu (njengoko kunjalo kwimihlaba ethile edityanelwayo), kufuneka ufumane umntu oza kukulandela umkhondo wefama yakho ngeGPS, yona eza kubonisa indawo ekuyo kanye-kanye intsimi yakho, kananjalo nobukhulu obuchanekileyo bomhlaba. Khumbula ukuba kubalulekile ukubazi ubukhulu bomhlaba kuba zonke izibalo ezingqonge ulwabiwo-mali lwakho zixhomekeke kwinani leehektare elibandakanyekayo.
Omnye wemibandela emikhulu malunga namalungiselelo engqesho kukuba ukuboleka imali kuthetha ukuba umntu kufuneka anikele ngokhuselo lwayo. Ukuba akunaso isiqinisekiso sobunini bempahla (title deed), akunako ke ngoku ukusebenzisa umhlaba njengokhuselo. Oku kusenokubonakala kuyinto ebuyisela umva, kodwa khumbula, ukuba uthatha isibophelelo sempahla yakho uze ubhalise isibophelelo ukuze iziko lezemali lixhamle, ufumana imali-mboleko, kodwa ukuba kuthe nangasiphi isizathu ungakwazi ukubuyisa le mali-mboleko - baya kuyithengisa impahla yakho ukuze bafumane isixa semali oyikwelitayo. Lo mgaqo-siseko uyavakala kuqoqosho lommandla wentengiso ekhululekileyo kumxokomelwano wolawulo ngokwemali (yona esebenza kulo lonke ihlabathi). Kodwa wena njengomlimi osaphuhlayo kufuneka ufunde ukuba ngumlimi ongazibeki sichengeni sezinto zonke. Esi sesinye sezizathu sokuba ndikholwe ukuba kubhetele uqale kancinci ngaphandle kokwenza iimali-mboleko ezinkulu - ukuze xa izinto zingahambanga kakuhle, ungalahlekelwa yinto yonke. Phantsi komxokomelwano womhlaba odityanelwayo, apho iinkokeli zomthonyama zilawula umhlaba khona, unokuqalisa kumhlaba omncinci owunikwe yinkosi uze uthi xa sowuphumelela, 'uqeshe' umhlaba kubamelwana bakho abangalimiyo bona. Khumbula, kaloku asinguye wonke ubani ongumlimi, okanye ofuna ukuvelisa izityalo. Sinemizekelo emininzi yabalimi abaphumelelayo abarhwebayo abasebenza emhlabeni odityanelwayo kwaye babe bengenahektare enye.
Imvume yokusebenzisa umhlaba wohlanga?
Isivumelwano sokuqeshisa ngokwasemthethweni?
Imimandla ethile ifaneleke kakhulu kwiintlobo ezithile zokufama. Imvula, imihla yokuqala neyokugqibela yeeqabaka ezilindelekileyo kunye nobunzulu bomhlaba zibonisa oku. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ingaba umhlaba uyafikelela na kunkcenkcesho okanye akunjalo - khumbula ukuba umsebenzi wokufama wonkcenkcesho ufuna ukulawulwa kanobom, kodwa unomngcipheko onganeno njengoko ukwazi ukunkcenkceshela isityalo nanini xa ufuna. Malunga nezinye iintlobo zomsebenzi wokufama, ufikelelo embaneni lubaluleke kakhulu. Ixabiso lokubiyela liphezulu - xa ungakwazi ukugcina imfuyo ngaphandle kwentsimi yakho, akusayi kukwazi ukulima izityalo ngemfuneko.
Imephu yafama - qiniseka ukuba unemephu yefama uze uziqhelanise noMntla, uMzantsi, iMpuma neNtshona.
Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba intsimi nganye nekampi nganye inenombolo. (Oku kuya kusetyenziswa emva kwexesha ukwenzela iintwana zomhlaba ohlalutywayo nesicwangciso sokusetyenziswa komhlaba).
Qwalasela ubukhulu bentsimi nganye nekampi nganye (kwakhona, kubalulekile oku ukwenzela ukwenza isicwangciso sokusetyenziswa komhlaba kunye nolwabiwo-mali). Ukuba olu lwazi alufumaneki emephini, kuya kufuneka ukuba ukuqinisekise oku.
Iimephu kumhlaba odityanelwayo azisoloko zikhona. Ukuba usebenza emhlabeni odityanelweyo, imephu yeGPS iyimfuneko kwaye inika imilinganiselo yentsimi ethile.
Zahluka-hlukile iindlela zokufumanisa ubukhulu bentsimi - usenokuhamba-hamba ubala amanyathelo akho, usenokusebenzisa ivili okanye usebenzise indlela yevili letrektara kodwa eyona ndlela ichanekileyo kukusebenzisa iGPS.
Uhlobo lomhlaba lusenokuba ludongwe, uvunduvundu okanye umhlaba oyisanti.
Ubunzulu bomhlaba kukuvavanya naziphi iimaleko ezinokuthintela ukukhula kweengcambu - oku kunokuqinisekiswa ngokusebenzisa isigqobhozeli somhlaba okanye ngokwemba umngxuma wokubonisa imbonakalo.
Kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa imeko yangoku yomhlaba, njengoko oko kuya kunika iimpembelelo malunga nendlela onokusetyenziswa ngayo kwikamva eselikufutshane.
Kuya kusoloko kukho umhlaba omoshakeleyo - wona ubandakanya iindlela, izidibi kunye nomhlaba ekwakhiwe izakhiwo kuwo.
Kubalulekile ukuba iintwana zomhlaba olingwayo zithathwe qho kwiminyaka emibini obona buncinane. Umsebenzi wokufaka isichumiso ngomnye oneendleko eziphezulu kumsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo kwaye kufuneka kugqalwe ukuba kufakwe isichumiso esichanekileyo kwintsimi nganye.
Umlimi kusenokufuneka ukuba ahlawule ukuhlalutywa kwentwana yomhlaba. Le yimali echithwe kakuhle kakhulu.
Kufuneka usebenzise indlela echanekileyo yokuthatha iisampulu zomhlaba.
Kufuneka uthathe iisampulu zomhlaba ongaphezulu nongaphantsi.
Isampulu nganye mayiphawule ngokucacileyo ngegama nedilesi yomlimi, igama lefama, ngokunjalo nenombolo yentsimi. (Oku kunokubanga iziphumo ezinobuzaza xa kungenziwanga kakuhle).
I-Omnia (kunye namanye amaqumrhu ezichumiso).
Khumbula ukucela ukuba isiqulatho sodongwe naso sifunyaniswe.
Cela ingcebiso yesichumiso kwangalo elo xesha.
Isivuno ekujoliswe kuso seso sityalo.
Ungasebenzisa amanzi angakanani?
<fn>PulaImvula. Activities.2009-10.xh.txt</fn>
Imisebenzi yokuFama - uzama ukwenza ntoni kanene?
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba zininzi izizathu zokuba ufune ukusebenzisa umhlaba onako ukuwusebenzisa.
Ukufama kubhekiselele ekuvelisweni kokutya neentsinga. Ukuze wenziwe ngempumelelo umsebenzi wokufama, kufuneka ulwazi nengqiqo ephangaleleyo ngezityalo, ngezilwanyana, ngomsebenzi woomatshini nolawulo.
Iinxalenye ezahluka-hlukeneyo zezityalo zisenokusetyenziswa ngeenjongo zokurhweba - iingcambu (njengakwiminqathe), amagqabi (njengasemakhaphetshwini) iziqhamo (njengakwiipesika) okanye imbewu (njengasemboneni). Izityalo zisenokusetyenziswa ngokungqalileyo ngabantu okanye zizilwanyana, okanye iimveliso zisenokuqhutyelwa phambili zisiwe kwesinye isimo.
Ngokwesiseko, izityalo zifuna umhlaba, amanzi, ubushushu, ukukhanya kunye nezondlo ukuze zikhule. Ngebakala lokukhula, izityalo zineengcambu, iziqu kunye namagqabi. Zona zisebenza njengefektri encedisa isityalo ukuvelisa imbewu yaso (ngenjongo yokwenza imveliso).
Izitsali (amahashe, iidonki kunye neenkabi).
Izilwanyana zisebenza ngenene njengefektri encinci, zijike ezikutyayo (okukholisa ukuveliswa efama zikwenze oko zifuyelwe kona njl.njl.(inyama, ubisi, iwulu njl.njl.). Enyanisweni, ubukhulu becala bomsebenzi wokulima ongowona-wona ufanele ukujoliswa ekuvelisweni kokutya kwezilwanyana (umzekelo, umlimi ofama ngeenkomo zenyama unokubonwa njengomvelisi wengca, kuba ngaphandle kwengca, akanakukwazi ukuba nayo nayiphi inyama yokuthengisa).
Kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo-ntlobo zemibandela ezifana nohlobo lwefama, imozulu, ukukhetha komvelisi, imimandla yentengiso yendawo njl.njl. umvelisi kufuneka enze isigqibo sokuba zeziphi izilwanyana afuna ukuzigcina.
Amahashe needonki - ubukhulu becala ezokutsala.
Ukwenza wonke umsebenzi efama ngaphandle koomatshini (ngezandla) kusenokucothisisa kanti nexabiso lako libe phezulu. Inkqubo yokusebenza ngoomatshini ijoliswe ngenene kwisakhono sokwandisa - ukwenza izinto ngokukhawulezisa nangendlela ephucukileyo.
Umthombo wamandla okutsala usenokuba ziinkabi, amahashe, iidonki, okanye iitrektara. Ezi zinto zisenokusetyenziselwa ukutsala izixhobo zokulima umhlaba, ukutyala izityalo, ukutshabalalisa ukhula, ukuvuna izityalo okanye uthutho. Uhlobo lwesitsali esikhethwayo luya kuxhomekeka kwimithombo yobutyebi bomvelisi ngokunjalo nakubukhulu nakuhlobo lomhlaba osetyenzwa ngumvelisi.
Ulawulo lunokuchazwa njengobumbano lwayo yonke imiba yokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yobutyebi ekhoyo (umhlaba, izityalo, izilwanyana, ukusetyenziswa koomatshini nemali) ngenjongo yokuphumeza iinjongo zokuvelisa ukutya, ukuyila ingeniso okanye ukusebenzisa umhlaba okhoyo.
Xa umsebenzi wokufama uza kuba nempumelelo, zonke iintlobo-ntlobo zemithombo yobutyebi mazisetyenziswe ngobuchule - zona zibandakanya imali, abantu, umhlaba, iziyalo, izilwanyana, oomatshini nemimandla yentengiso.
Ulawulo lwemali nogcino-zincwadi lubaluleke kakhulu kulawulo lwefama kwaye oku kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo ngokukhathala okukhulu. Ukuba awufumani nzuzo ngokufama into enokwenzeka kukuba akunakuqhuba ngokufama ithuba elide, ngaphandle kokuba unenye indlela yengeniso exhasa umsebenzi wokufama.
Nceda zinike ixesha lokuphengulula imibuzo engezantsi - zibuze umbuzo ngamnye uze ucinge ngokuthembeka ngempendulo. Xa ingacacanga kuwe into ofuna ukuyiphumeza, amathuba okungaphumeleli maninzi - xa ungazazi apho uya khona, akululanga ukufika kwindawo onqwenela ukufika kuyo!
Imibandela elandelayo mayiqwalaselwe phambi kokwenza izigqibo ngohlobo lwezityalo eziza kulinywa, imfuyo eza kugcinwa, okanye ngokuba yeyiphi imidibaniso enokwenziwa.
Kutheni usenza umsebenzi wokufama na?
Ingaba ifama iza kuba inguwo kuphela umthombo wengeniso na?
Bangaphi abantu abaza kuxhomekeka kule fama ngokuphila kwabo?
Ingaba uza kuzenzela wonke umsebenzi?
Ingaba imveliso iza kusetyenziselwa ukuba utye wena ngokwakho okanye iza kuthengiswa?
Ingaba likhona naliphi ishishini olithanda ngokudalwa?
Ingakanani inzuzo onokuyilindela kumsebenzi wakho wokufama?
Ingaba kufuneka ufumane naluphi uqeqesho ukuze uphucule ulwazi lwakho neentlobo zobuchule ezinxulumene nomsebenzi wokufama?
Kutheni kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba oqeshiweyo ube nokhuselo?
Ingaba unofikelelo ngokwasemthethweni emhlabeni?
Ungakufumana njani ukufikelela emhlabeni?
Ingaba ngumhlaba wakho?
Ingaba ulilungu leqela elingabanini bomhlaba?
Ukuba ulilungu leqela, ingaba iqela libhaliswe ngokwasemthethweni njengantoni?
Ingaba ninomthetho-siseko / i-deed ye-trust okanye efana nayo elawula ubudlelwana phakathi kwamalungu eqela?
Ingaba akhona amalungu eqela angasabandakanyekiyo emsebenzini wokufama?
Kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba loo malungu eqela angasenanxaxheba abuyela efama?
Ingaba unemvume yokusebenzisa umhlaba wohlanga?
Ingaba unayo imvumelwano yokuqesha ngokwasemthethweni?
Lithini ithuba lemvumelwano yokuqesha?
Zingaphi iihektare onokufikelela kuzo?
Zingaphi iihektare zamadlelo endalo?
Zingaphi iihektare zedlelo elisekiweyo?
Zingaphi iihektare zomhlaba olimekayo?
Zingaphi iihektare zomhlaba onkcenkceshwayo?
Ifama inesakhono esingakanani sokuqulatha?
Ingaba umhlaba ufikeleleka lula ukusuka endleleni?
Ukuba uvelisa ukutya okunobunzima obuphezulu (iinkozo okanye izixa ezikhulu zemifuno) ingaba iilori ziya kukwazi ukuthutha imveliso?
Ingaba umhlaba ukufutshane kwindawo enihlala kuyo xa ubusela bunokuba yingxaki?
Ingaba umhlaba ukhuselwe ngezibiyeli ezomeleleyo?
Zinjani iintlobo zemihlaba eninazo?
Singakanani isiqulatho sodongwe olusemhlabeni?
Buthini ubunzulu bomhlaba?
Linjani ithambeka lomhlaba?
Ingakanani imvula eniyilindela ngonyaka ngamnye?
Imvula niyilindela nini?
Zeziphi iinyanga enikholisa ukufumana imbalela ngazo?
Ingaba indawo yenu iba neqabaka ebusika?
Iqabaka yokuqala yonyaka niyilindela nini?
Ningayilindela nini iqabaka yokugqibela yonyaka?
Ingaba unazo iitrektara nezixhobo ezizezakho?
Unako ukuqesha itrektara nezixhobo xa ungenazo ezizezakho?
Ingaba izixhobo ofuna ukuziqesha zinokufumaneka xa uzifuna, okanye uma emgceni womkrozo xa ixesha onyaka lisiza?
Ukuqesha izixhobo kuya kuba neendleko ezingakanani?
Ingaba unawo ummandla wentengiso yemveliso ofuna ukuyivelisa?
Ngoobani abathengi bemveliso ofuna ukuyivelisa?
Ingaba uyanxibelelana nabathengi abathile?
Lithini ixabiso langoku lemveliso ofuna ukuyivelisa?
Uza kuyisa njani imveliso kummandla wentengiso?
Ingaba uyayiqonda imigangatho yodidi lwemveliso onenjongo zokuyivelisa?
Ingaba unawo nawaphi amava ngobhambathiso kummandla wentengiso?
Ingaba unalo ufikelelo emanzini okunkcenkcesha?
Ingaba ubhalisile kwibhodi yamanzi yendawo yakho ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa amanzi?
Mangakanani amanzi onokuwasebenzisa?
Ingaba ungakanani umhlaba obhalisele ukuwunkcenkcesha?
Ukuba usebenzisa amanzi e-borehole (umngxuma wesitsali-manzi), ingaba uwubhalisile umngxuma wakho wesitsali-manzi?
Singakanani isakhono sokuqulatha somngxuma wesitsali-manzi?
Isityalo ofuna ukusivelisa sifuna amanzi angakanani?
Ufuna ukutyala ntoni?
Uyazazi iindleko ezingqalileyo ngehektare nganye ukuba ziya kuba yimalini i-diesel, imbewu, isichumiso, izitshabalalisi zokhula, izitshabalalisi zezinambuzane, i-inshorensi yezityalo?
Ingaba uyazazi iindleko ezisisigxina zonyaka ngamnye (umbane, inzala, imivuzo kunye neentlawulo, ukukhanda nokulondoloza njl.njl.)?
Ingaba unayo imali ekhoyo efunekayo?
Usifakile isicelo semali-mboleko?
Ingaba isantya senzala oza kusihlawula kwimali-mboleko singakanani?
Ingaba imali iya kuba khona nini?
Kwizixa zesiqhelo sesivuno, ingaba uya kukwazi ukufumana inzuzo kwisityalo?
Uza kukwazi njani ukuphila ngeli xesha singekavunwa isityalo?
Ingaba unayo indlela yothutho lwezinto eziligalelo ukuze zize efama?
Unayo indlela yothutho lokusa imveliso kummandla wentengiso ukusuka efama?
Zithini iindleko zothutho?
Ingaba uziqukile ezi ndleko kwisicwangciso sakho?
Ingaba uyazazi izinto eziligalelo ozifunayo ukuze uvelise isityalo?
Ungazithenga phi izinto eziligalelo?
Uza kuzithutha njani ezi zinto ziligalelo?
Lithini ixabiso lezi zinto zegalelo xa uthelekisa nabanye ababoneleli?
Ingaba uyazazi izixa zegalelo ngalinye oya kulifuna?
Ingaba wenze isicwangciso ngokuqaphela?
Ukude kangakanani emhlabeni owulimayo?
Uza kukwazi ukuya kaninzi kangakanani efama?
Ingaba ukhona umntu oza kuba nomthwalo wokuqwalasela ifama ngalo lonke ixesha?
Zingakanani iindleko zokuya nokubuya kwakho efama?
Zakuba zivuniwe iinkozo, uza kuzigcina phi?
Lingakanani ixabiso lolondolozo?
Iinkozo zinokulondolozwa kwisiqulatho esingakanani sokufuma?
Uza kusomisa isityalo ukuze sifikelele kwisiqulatho sokufuma esichanekileyo?
Ingaba unesicwangciso sokuthengisa isityalo kwangoko okanye unesicwangciso sokusilondoloza uze ulindele ixabiso eliphucukileyo?
Unalo ufikelelo kwinkxaso evela kubaphathi besolulo bendawo yakho beSebe lezoLimo?
Ngabaphi abanye abantu abanokukunika inkxaso?
Ingaba unalo uqhagamshelwano nabavelisi borhwebo bendawo abanokukuthakazelela ukukunika inkxaso nokukuncedisa?
Zeziphi iintlobo zokufama ezenziwa ngabavelisi abarhwebayo kweli lizwe?
Ingaba unabo oqhagamshelana nabo phakathi kwabavelisi bendawo yakho onokuxoxa nabo ngemibandela ezizihloko ekunokuxoxwa ngazo?
Ingaba unako ukongeza ixabiso lesityalo osivelisayo?
<fn>PulaImvula. AssetsMaize.2009-07.xh.txt</fn>
Impahla yexabiso neemfanelo - ingaba ungumnini okanye unetyala?
Njengosomashishini nomlimi, kufuneka ube nengxelo ecacileyo yempahla yexabiso neyeemfanelo onazo. Ingaba yintoni onayo, kwaye iyintoni onetyala layo?
Umsebenzi wokufama ulishishini kwaye ukulima izityalo kubandakanya izixa ezikhulu zemali.
Kukholisa ukuba umlimi kufuneke ukuba makaboleke ezinye okanye zonke izinto eziligalelo.
Amaziko abolekisayo afuna ukufumana umfanekiso opheleleyo weshishini lomlimi - afuna ukwazi iinkcukacha ncam zazo zonke iintlobo zempahla yexabiso (ezibekwe ixabiso lokwenene) ngokunjalo nazo zonke iimfanelo. Kaninzi abalimi bayavakalelwa xa kufuneka bekhuphe ezi nkcukacha, kodwa amaziko ezemali analo ufikelelo kuzo zonke iingxelo zezemali (njengoko kuxelwe kuMthetho oMiselweyo ngamaTyala), kanti xa ungayichazi yonke inyaniso, aya kuzifumanela bonke ubucukubhede ukuze ngolo hlobo ulahlekelwe kukuthenjwa mhlawumbi nemali-mboleko leyo obunokuyifumana.
Ukuba kufuneka ube ngumlimi olondolozekayo, kufuneka uzinike inkonzo efanelekileyo zonke iimali-mboleko zakho - ubeke wonke umfanekiso etafileni uze uvumele abo banobuchule obufunekayo kwimicimbi yemali ukuba bakuncedise.
<fn>PulaImvula. Banner.2007-12.xh.txt</fn>
Leliphi iqela lofundonzulu elibe nebhanile egqwesayo?
Insert: Ukhutshiswano lweSizwe lweBhanile eGqwesileyo yeQela loFundonzulu!
Omnye wemisebenzi eyilwayo ebalulekileyo yethu kwiNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama kukusekwa nokunika inkonzo kumaqela ophononongo.
UPhilip Olivier eMpuma-Koloni.
Injongo yamaqela ofundonzulu yile: Kukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwamafama, anofikeleleko kumhlaba olinywayo, ukuze aseke amaqela ofundonzulu adibana rhoqo ngenjongo yokufikelela kuqeqesho nakulwazi olunxulumene neshishini lombona.
Kulo nyaka, okokuqala, uJohan Kriel uqalise ukhutshiswano phakathi kwamaqela ofundonzulu ukuze kufunyaniswe ibhanile egqwesayo. Ezi bhanile zisetyenziswa kwintlanganiso nganye yeqela lofundonzulu nangeentsuku zamafama, ukuze kunikwe amafama uluvo lokungabi lilolo. Iifoto ezikhaphayo zinika ufifi lomgangatho weebhanile.
Njengoko olu khutshiswano seluqhutywe eFree State kuphela, eli nqaku lazisa olu luvo kwamanye amaphondo.
Sinethemba lokufumana iibhanile zeefoto kubaququzeleli bamaphondo - yanga ingaphumelela ibhanile egqwesileyo!
<fn>PulaImvula. Barley(wheat).2011-06-07.xh.txt</fn>
Unyaka ka-2010 ubuzele yimiceli-mingeni malunga nokulinywa kweBhali phantsi koYilo loNkcenkcesho lwaseTaung. Ibiyimiceli-mingeni eyahluka-hlukeneyo, phakathi kwayo ikukubandakanywa kohlobo lwe-cocktail, iqabaka nengqele eqhube kwada kwaba nguSeptemba, iimvula ezinileyo, izichotho nokulima okukokona kuncinci.
Ukufakwa kwe-cocktail njengohlobo olutsha phantsi koYilo loNkcenkcesho lwaseTaung bekungowona mceli-mngeni uxhalabisayo ekuqutyiselwe nawo. I-cocktail izibonakalise njengolona hlobo lunesakhono sokuvelisa imveliso yeetoni eziphezulu kakhulu. Ngokwembali yokulima ibhali eTaung, i-cocktail luhlobo lokuqala oluvelise iitoni eziveliswe kunyaka ophelileyo. Bekukho amasimi akwazileyo ukuvelisa iitoni eziyi 7,9 ngehektare nganye. Ukuba ibingekho imiceli-mingeni ekhankanyiweyo, i-cocktail ngeyilibonakalise ngakumbi ixabiso layo. Ingxaki ibe kukuhluzwa ne-nitrogen ebezingekho kwimigangatho ye-SABM. Oku kubonise ukuphucuka kweetoni ezifumaneka kwibhali ukususela efakweni kwayo kuYilo loNkcenkcesho lwaseTaung ngowe-1981.
Unyaka ka-2010 ibingunyaka obuxinwe yingqele/likhephu. Ingqele neqabaka ziqhube kwada kwaba ngo-Oktobha. Oku kuthetha ukuba iqabaka ichaphazele ibhali kumabanga ahluka-hlukileyo ukususela kwibanga lokuquva kwayo, ibanga lokudubula, ibanga lentlama ethambileyo naxa ibiseyivuthiwe. Oku kuyichaphazele kanobom ibhali. Iimeko zemozulu zibaluleke kakhulu ekulinyweni kwengqolowa. Bekukho iitoni ezili-1 129 nenayitrojini ebingaphantsi kwe-1,35, kodwa loo mgangatho ubuwamkelekile kwi-SABM kunyaka ophelileyo kwaza kwathengiswa iitoni ezingama-33 njengezihluzwa.
Imvula eninzi nayo ingawuchaphazela umgangatho webhali. Ixesha lokuvuna ngonyaka ka-2010 belisekuqaleni kweemvula zasehlotyeni. Ukuvuna ibhali bekuqale ngoNovemba ngomhla wesi-8 kwaza ngomhla we-12 kuNovemba zaqala ukuna iimvula zehlobo. Ngelo xesha ibisencinci kakhulu ibhali evuniweyo. Amasimi angakhange avunwe afunyenwe yimvula kwaba kungona afikelela kwibanga "eliphambi kokuntshula". Nangona kunjalo, abakwaSABM bahambe baya kwenza uphando ngendlela bona nabalimi abanokuncedana ngayo nangendlela enoncedo abanokuyisebenzisa ngayo le bhali.
Izichotho ziyakwazi ukunciphisa imveliso nesivuno. Zimalunga ne-140 iihektare ezachatshazelwa sisichotho. Izichotho zafumaneka kumaxesha amathathu alandelelanayo. Ngokwamaqumrhu e-inshorensi umonakalo uphakathi kweepesenti ezihlanu nezingamashumi amane anesixhenxe. Oku kubonisa indlela nobungakanani esinciphe ngayo isivuno. Intsimi ekholisa ngokwaziwa ngokuvelisa phakathi kweetoni ezintandathu nezisixhenxe ngehektare nganye ikwazi ukuvelisa iitoni ezi 4,9 ngehektare nganye.
Kwakhona bekubalulekile ukufumanisa indlela yokunciphisa iindleko yezixhobo zokusebenza ngenxa yemeko emaxongo kwezoqoqosho. Ngoko ke bekubhetele ukusebenzisa ukulima okukokona kuncinci. Le ndlela inciphisa izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo - ukuze kwenziwe iqela lemisebenzi ngentshukumo enye. Ngale ndlela unako ukulima ngokukrazula, ukutyala nokufaka isichumiso ngexesha elinye. Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela kube yinto enokwenzeka ukuvelisa iitoni eziyi 6,8 ngehektare nganye kwiihektare ezilikhulu elinamashumi amabini.
Kulo nyaka abalimi bajongene nemiceli-mingeni emininzi abafunde lukhulu kuyo. Kwisivuno esifunyenweyo, iitoni ezingama-3 688 sisetyenziswe njengefula.
<fn>PulaImvula. Beef(maize).2011-07-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ukulungisa umhlambi wakho weenkomo ukwenzela ixesha lokubalela kwasebusika kufuna isicwangciso esenziwe ngokuqaphela. Abalimi kufuneka benze isicwangciso namalungiselelo eli xesha ngokuqaphela ukuze baqinisekise ukuba kufumaneka ezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo eziya kuphemeza isicwangciso soshishino esiphilileyo nesilondolozekayo.
Amadlelo endalo angumthombo ongundoqo wesondlo semfuyo yasekhaya eMzantsi Afrika. Xa kusondela ubusika, la madlelo endalo aqalisa ngokoma ukuze ngenxa yoko isixa esikhoyo sesondlo sethe ngokukhawuleza, kananjalo umgangatho ofumanekayo wesondlo uyehla.
Ngethuba lasebusika, isiqulatho seprotheyini esikwiintlobo-ntlobo zengca siphantsi kodwa ese-lignin siphezulu. Iinkomo zikhawuleza zilahlekelwe ngumgangatho wempilo yazo xa amadlelo endalo esemgangathweni osezantsi kwaye engasakwazi ukunika izilwanyana isondlo esifanelekileyo esinamanqanaba aphezulu eprotheyini. Ngaxeshanye, amanqanaba aphezulu e-lignin enza ukuba iinkomo zifumane ingca encinci ezinokuyitya njengoko iya ngokulahlekelwa sisongo sayo.
Cinga ngokuthengisa izilwanyana ezingasifanelanga ncam isicwangciso soshishino sethuba elide. Ezi zilwanyana zinokutya isondlo esigciniweyo esinokusetyenziswa ekondleni amalungu omhlambi anexabiso eliphucukileyo. Esi sicwangciso-buqili siya kufuna ukuba umlimi abe wenze isibalo sokuba singakanani isondlo sasebusika ekufuneka sigciniwe nokuba angakwazi ukuthwala iindleko ezingakanani na. Olu lwazi luvumela umlimi ukwenza isigqibo sokuba ngaba zingaphi izilwanyana anokukwazi ukuzilondoloza ebusika. Emva koko, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuchonga impahla esentloko eyandayo neneentlobo zemfuza ezibalaseleyo eziya kongeza ixabiso emhlambini kwikamva. Bubulumko obukhulu ukuthengisa izilwanyana eziphawulelwe ukuthengiswa kuselithuba phambi kokuba zitsale nzima phantsi konqongophalo lwesondlo, zisenomtsalane ngokwaneleyo kubathengi ukuze bahlawule amaxabiso angabadleleleliyo. Ezi zilwanyana ke ngoko, azisayi kuba nazindleko zimbi kumlimi kwaye zingasayi kumtsalisa nzima umlimi ngokuphathelene namadlelo akhoyo ekuguqukeni kwexesha lonyaka. Wuqwalasele ummandla wentengiso njengoko amaxabiso ethanda ukuhla xa zininzi kakhulu izilwanyana ezithengiswa kanye xa kuza kuqala ubusika. Ingeniso efumaneke kwintengiso yezinye izilwanyana zomhlambi ngokunjalo iya kunceda umlimi ukuba akwazi ukufumana izondlo zasebusika eziyimfuneko ukuze adale iimeko ezizezona zibalaseleyo ezinokuba khona zengxam eseleyo yomhlambi nefanele ukondliwa ngazo zonke iinyanga ezibaleleyo zasebusika.
Ukucutha umhlambi kunako ukonga ixesha, imali, amadlelo kunye nemithombo yobutyebi bomhlaba kwaye kufanele ukuthathelwa ingqalelo njengesixhobo solawulo esingathandabuzekiyo kwaye ngaphezu koko, izilwanyana zinako ukongezwa nanini ekupheleni kwexesha elibaleleyo xa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali beluphethwe ngobunono.
Isondlo esifakelwayo siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lwemfuyo kwithuba lasebusika.
Kumathuba okubalela athande ukuba made xa amadlelo okutyisa esuke asilela ngokwesondlo semfuyo, izilwanyana zisebenzisa amafutha eziwagcine emizimbeni nto leyo ebanga ukuhla kobunzima bomzimba nesimo sazo. Ezona ntsika zesondlo ekufuneka zifunyenwe zizilwanyana ebudeni bonyaka ngamandla, yiprotheyini noqobo lokutya kanti isondlo esongezelelweyo sinako ukuhlangabezana nezi mfuneko xa umlimi ezinika kwizondlo ezifana nefula, ukutya okuziinkozo, imixutywa yemilinganiselo yezondlo neebloko zezikhothwa zendalo ngaphezu kwedlelo elisaseleyo.
Ukuba abafuyi beenkomo zenyama abawenzi kuselithuba amalungiselelo ezicwangciso-buqili zokunika izondlo ngexesha lasebusika, basenokuqubisana neelahleko zeemali ezinkulu xa sithengwa emva kwexesha isondlo, sezinyuke kakhulu kangangoko iindleko zesondlo. Bala iindleko zakho kwangoko ungalibali ukudibanisa neendleko zothutho kwisibalo sakho. Thatha isigqibo malunga nokuba ngaba bubulumko na ukuthenga kakhulu okanye ukuthenga ngengxowa nganye. Iindleko zothutho ziya kuluchaphazela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho.
Enye ilahleko engabonakali kwangoko yilahleko engafunekiyo ebangwa sisantya esicothayo sokumitha kweemazi zeenkomo ezisemhlambini ukuze oko kube nesiphumo selahleko yengeniso yamathole abe nako ukuzalwa lisaqala ihlobo elilandelayo. Enyanisweni, kubonakele ukuba xa iimazi zeenkomo zibhityile ngexesha lokufumana amathole, ukuzala kwazo kuyalibaziseka ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-60 ukuya kwezingama-90 ngexesha lokufunyanwa kwamathole kuze ngaloo ndlela wonke umjikelo olandelayo wokuzalwa kwamathole uchaphazeleke kakubi.
Xa izilwanyana zingeniswa kwizondlo ezitsha kuba kulungiselelwa ixesha lonyaka elibaleleyo, oko makwenziwe kungangxanywanga kwithuba lenguquko leeveki ezinokude zibe ne. Qalisa ngesondlo esifakelwayo isekhona noko ingca edlelweni kananjalo phambi kokuba izilwanyana zisilahle kakhulu isimo sazo somzimba. Qalisa kancinci kancinci ngezondlo ezitsha njengoko iinguquko ezenziwa ngephanyazo kwizondlo zinokubanga impilo eyaphukayo, ngakumbi ukutya okuziinkozo nako makunikwe ngokuqaphela okukhulu njengoko izilwanyana zinokuzitya ngokubawa zize zibe negazi elinesimuncu esingaphezu kwesifanelekileyo. Unobangela wegazi elinesimuncu esibaxekileyo kukutya okunininzi okusisitatshi kodwa kube kuncinci kwisondlo ukutya okucolekayo emzimbeni. Ifula nesintlakantlakiso zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezo kumxube njengoko zilungelelanisa izidlo ukuze ngokwenza njalo zithintele ukugula. Imilinganiselo elungiswe ngabarhwebi ayiniki nkxamleko kwaye ilungelelaniswe ngokwenzululwazi, kodwa ixabiso lazo lixhomile. Umlimi olichule makakwazi ukwenza umxube ongowakhe ngokusebenzisa into ekhoyo anayo okanye leyo anokufikelela kuyo kwindawo ahlala kuyo. Bubulumko obukhulu ukufumana iingcebiso kwiingcaphephe zezondlo zezilwanyana kwindawo ahlala kuyo malunga neeresiphi ezizezona zifanelekileyo kuba kaloku udidi ngalunye lwemfuyo luya kuba neemfuneko zesondlo ezahluka-hlukileyo.
Nangexesha elibaleleyo lonyaka, umlimi makawaphathe kakuhle amadlelo. Makungatyiswa impahla ngaphezu kokufaneleka emadlelweni njengoko kweli thuba kusuka kwande umhlaba ongenangca ukuze oko kubange ukuphaphatheka okanye ukukhukuliseka komhlaba oxabisekileyo ngamathuba eziphango kanti xa kunjalo kulahleka izondlo ezibalulekileyo ezisemhlabeni ongaphezulu. Xa lilide ithuba lokubalela abalimi mabacinge ngokugcina izilwanyana kwiindawo ezincinane ukuze banciphise umonakalo owenzeka kuhlaza lwendalo.
Impilo yezilwanyana mayibekwe iliso ngokuqaphela njengoko iimpembelelo zezidalwa eziphila ezilwanyaneni okanye izifo zemfuyo zikholisa ukwanda kwiinyanga ezibaleleyo ngenxa yokuba izilwanyana sukuba zibuthathaka phantsi kweemeko zokubalela.
Owona mba uneendleko eziphezulu malunga nokuphathwa komhlambi weenkomo lithuba lasebusika lokondla ngoko ke kufuneka eli xesha lilawulwe ngokuqaphela ukuqinisekisa ukuba imida yenzuzo ikwisimo esilungileyo. Umlimi ngamnye uya kwenza isigqibo malunga nesicwangciso samanyathelo esiya kuzifanela phucukileyo iimeko ezifana zodwa zefama yakhe nezepokotho yakhe. Ngelinye ixesha uya kusebenzisa isondlo esifakelwayo ukuze alondoloze impilo yezilwanyana zakhe kuzo zonke iinyanga zobusika, lo gama ngamanye amaxesha imali egcinwe ebhankini iya kuqinisekisa ukuba ubunzima bemizimba yezilwanyana ezilunyuliweyo buya kuqhuba ngokwanda yonke imihla. Umlimi weenkomo zenyama onempumelelo kufuneka awaphathe kakuhle amadlelo, agcine amanani afanelekileyo empahla kananjalo alolule ixesha lonyaka lasehlotyeni kangangoko kunokwenzeka!
<fn>PulaImvula. BioEthanol.2008-03.xh.txt</fn>
I-ethanol yendalo - kwenzeka ntoni kwezopolitiko?
Ukuba ubunika ingqalelo kuphuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo olungqonge ingxoxo-mpikiswano ngezibaseli eziyindalo, uya kukhumbula ukuba kukho ixhala elikhulu malunga nokusetyenziswa kombona, umthombo obalulekileyo wokutya, ekwenzeni isibaseli! Ngaxeshanye kukho abenzi bezigqibo ezenziwa phezu kolwazi abakholelwa ukuba umbona xa usiwa kwishishini le-ethanol unokuba namandla eempembelelo anika ithemba kumba wokhuseleko lokutya.
Amafama ombona asesichengeni samaxabiso ahlawulwayo emveliso yawo ahla enyuka ngendlela emangalisayo kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingaba izivuno zixhaphakile na nokuba akunjalo. Kuthe kweli xesha lonyaka lendyebo apho ixabiso lombona lasuka lasezantsi kumaxesha amabini adlulileyo onyaka odlulileyo baza abavelisi bombona abaxhalabileyo baqalisa ukukhangela eminye imimandla yentengiso emitsha ukwenzela izityalo zabo zeenkozo.
UWessel Lemmer, ingcali yezoqoqosho ekwisikhundla esiphezulu: eGrain SA, uthe uMzantsi Afrika uvelisa izigidi zeetoni ezisi-8,6 zombona ngonyaka ngamnye, kanti unesakhono sokuvelisa izigidi zeetoni ezili-12. Zingaphezulu kwesigidi iihektare zomhlaba okhoyo ezizihlalele nje ngenxa yemimandla yentengiso ebuthathaka kumashumi amabini eminyaka edlulileyo. Amafama kuye kwafuneka ukuba amelane neendleko ezinyuka ngokukhawuleza zegalelo lo gama ixabiso lombona lingathembakali kwaye liguquguquka nto leyo engawenzi umsebenzi wemveliso yombona ukuba ube yinto ephilayo okanye enokuthenjwa. 'Xa sinokuba nommandla wentengiso onesakhono seetoni zezigidi ezithathu," uthethe wathi, "singaba sifaka igalelo elikhulu ekukhuleni koqoqosho kweli lizwe."
Kodwa bakhona abanye abadlali bendima aboyikayo ukusebenzisa umbona njengomthombo ongomnye wamandla ngengqiqo yokuba oko kuya kuwanyusa kakhulu amaxabiso okutya okungundoqo kuze kubeke esichengeni ukhuseleko lokutya kwisizwe esixhomekeke kwinkxaso yombona ekunikeni abantu baso ukutya okusisiseko. NgoJulayi 2007, umphathiswa wezeNzululwazi nezoBugcisa, uMosibudi Mangena, wathi abaphathi baqalisile ukuthandabuza ubulumko bokusebenzisa umbona njengomthombo ongundoqo wamandla ahlaziyekayo." Eminye yemibuzo ebuzwayo yile: "Ukuba sivelisa i-ethanol kwiswekile nasemboneni, oku kuya kuthetha ntoni malunga nokhuseleko lokutya" utshilo?
NgoAgasti 2007, umlawuli webhanki esentloko yaseMzantsi Afrika, uTito Mboweni, unike isilumkiso sokuba umkhwa osehlabathini wokusebenzisa umbona njengomthombo we-ethanol wenze ukuba amaxabiso okutya anyuke kakhulu. Ucebise urhulumente ukuba nangona ivakala imfuneko yokuvelisa izibaseli zendalo, umba wombona-owenziwa-iethanol uyaxhalabisa wabe esithi ukujika iswekile ibe yiethanol yeyona ndlela ngeyilandelwa leyo.
AbakwaGrain SA, bekunye neAgribusiness Chamber, iBhunga leNtengiso yeZolimo lweSizwe (National Agricultural Marketing Council) nabameli boMbutho weZibaseli zeNdalo zaseMzantsi Afrika (SA Biofuels Association - SABA) baye badibana noMnu Mboweni bamnika ingxelo ekhanyisa iimpembelelo ezinika ithemba ezinokubakho zemveliso yombona-owenziwa-iethanol kumsebenzi wemveliso yombona nakukhuseleko lokutya.
UAndrew Makenete, umongameli we-SABA, ukholelwa ekubeni ishishini lezibaseli eziyindalo liya kunika ithuba ngezizathu ezininzi. Liya kutsala ulwandiso-mali kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni lize likhuthaze uphuhliso kwezolimo olunqweneleka kangako noluya kuba neempembelelo ngendlela enika ithemba kubalimi abaninzi abatsha kweli lizwe. I-SABA iyalukhuthaza uluvo loMzantsi Afrika lokuthatha ukutya kweentlobo ngeentlobo okuya kubandakanya umbona, kodwa nommoba ngokunjalo, isityalo seswekile, amazimba aswiti naweenkozo phakathi kwezinye.
Elinye ilizwe elinika inkxaso kwishishini lombona-ukuya-kwiethanol lelikaKobus Lindeque, Umbhexeshi Olawula kwiMonsanto ukwenzela iAfrika esezantsi kweSahara. Ukholelwa ekubeni nawuphi umsebenzi oyilwayo we-ethanol-ukuya-emboneni wona nemfuno enkulu yawo yombona uya kunika ithuba elihle kurhulumente lokuhlalisa abalimi abamnyama kwiifama njengenxalenye yomgaqo-nkqubo woqulunqo olutsha lwezemihlaba.
Emva kokubambezeleka ithuba elide, urhulumente wazise ngeSicwangciso sobuchule Bezibaseli Zendalo ekuqaleni kukaDisemba 2007.
Inguquko ebalulekileyo kwisicwangciso sobuchule esiluyilo kukusebenzisa ukujolisa kwethuba elifutshane (leminyaka emi-5 lokululinga) ukuze kuphunyezwe inqanaba lokutyhutyha le-2% lezibaseli zendalo kwinkxaso yezibaseli ezilulwelo zesizwe, okanye iilitha ezizigidi ezingama-400 ngonyaka. Inqanaba ekujoliswe kulo kubuyelelwe ukusuka kwebekujoliswe kulo le-4,5% elalisungulwe kuqala kuxwebhu eliyilwayo lwesicwangciso sobuchule. Izityalo ezilandelayo zindululwe ngenjongo yemveliso yezibaseli zendalo kweli lizwe: malunga neethanol eyindalo, ibe ngummoba nesityalo seswekile kanti malunga nojongilanga we-diesel yendalo, ibe yi-canola neembotyi zesoya. Ukushiywa ngaphandle kwezinye izityalo ezifana nombona ne-Jatropha kusekwe kwiinkxalabo malunga nokhuseleko lokutya.
"Abandisi-mali abaliqela babonise umdla wabo ngophuhliso lwezibaseli eziyindalo. Abanye abadlali-ndima bamashishini sebevelisa iethanol yendalo ukwenzela imimandla yentengiso ephatheka esandleni nethumela ngaphandle utywala (alcohol) kwaye baphuhlisa isakhono se-ethanol esisibaseli kumazwe angqonge eli. Abanye abalimi bombona, bedibene nabandisi-mali babucala, bazise ngenjongo yabo yokwakha iifektri zombona-ukuya-kwiethanol eziliqela. Lo msebenzi ke kodwa awuqhubanga kakuhle ngenxa yeentandabuzo malunga nemithetho nezinto ezikhuthazayo nangenxa yokunyuka okukhulu kwamaxabiso ombona kweli lizwe nakwihlabathi jikelele. Ixabiso lombona lande ubukhulu becala ngenxa yeUSA, evelisa malunga nama-50% ombona worhwebo lwehlabathi, ze malunga nama-25% yesityalo sabo isijikele kwimveliso ye-ethanol, kananjalo oko kuthobe inkxaso yokuthengisa ngaphandle kwezolimo. Ixabiso lombona wehlabathi liyanda kananjalo nonqongophalo lwezidlo ezisisiseko eMexico, zinto ezo ebezinxulumene ngokungqalileyo nezenzo zolwandiso-mali ngezibaseli eziyindalo, zibe neempembelelo kuMzantsi Afrika zokukhuphela ecaleni ukusetyenziswa kombona kumabanga awo asekuqaleni ukwenzela uphuhliso lwezibaseli eziyindalo."
Ukushwankathela, urhulumente udandalazise iinkxalabo zakhe ngokhuseleko lokutya xa ebevakalisa isigqibo sakho sokususa umbona kuludwe lwezityalo ezinokusetyenziswa kwibakala lokuqala lesicwangciso sobuchule ngezibaseli zendalo ekukudala zilindile, kodwa isicwangciso sobuchule sangoku sindulula imveliso yezibaseli zendalo ze-2% ngo-2013.
Ngokusabela kwisimemo esenziwe nguMphathiswa weZolimo neMibandela yeMihlaba, uNks. Lulu Xingwana, kwabanjwa ingxoxo ngoLwesine umhla we-13 December 2007, phakathi kwesebe lakhe, abakwaGrain SA, i-Agri SA ne-NAFU. Ingxoxo ibijoliswe kwisigqibo esenziwe yiKhabhinethi sokukhuphela ngaphandle umbona kwisicwangciso sobuchule seshishini lwezibaseli zendalo. Wazise intlanganiso ngokuba isigqibo seKhabhinethi sisekwe kwinkxalabo yabo yokuba akusayi kubakho nkxaso yeshishini le-ethanol yendalo elilondolozekayo ngaphandle kokhuselo lokutya oluya kuba sisithintelo.
Wongeze ngelithi asiyonjongo yeKhabhinethi ukukhuphela ngaphandle umbona xa uveliswa ngezixa eziba nentsalela kananjalo utshilo ukuba yinto eza kwenzeka ukuqhuba ngeengxoxo malunga nalo mba noMphathiswa weZimbiwa naMandla, uNks. Buyelwa Sonjica neKhabhinethi. Iziganeko ezongezelelweyo zophando liqela elisebenza ngezibaseli zendalo zamkelekile, ngaphandle kokuba uMzantsi Afrika unokuvelisa umbona othe chatha kunalowo unokusetyenziswa emakhaya.
Ukuqhubela phambili lo mba kweli banga, luxanduva lweShishini ukuvelisa umbona othe chatha ukuze uMphathiswa anikwe amanqaku engxoxo-mpikiswano ayimfuneko ekuboniseni iKhabhinethi imfuneko yokubandakanya umbona kwisicwangciso sobuchule seshishini. Elona nqaku libalulekileyo elithunyelwa ebantwini kukuba ukudalwa kwemimandla yentengiso emitsha ebonisa isakhono esibonakalayo semveliso ethe chatha kunaleyo eyimfuno yangoku kuya kuba negalelo ngendlela enika ithemba kukhuselo lokutya.
<fn>PulaImvula. Boom.2008-11.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuveliswa kosasazo olulungeleleneyo xa kuyondelelaniswe kakuhle.
Ukuba nesiphumo esithe chatha xa isitshizi esithe chatha sisininzi phantsi kwencam nganye.
Ukuba nesiphumo esiguquguquka kakhulu - esiyondelelane kakhulu nesinciphisayo.
Ngokunxulumene nemveliso yezityalo, isitshizi sikholisa ukusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa ukhula, ukutshabalalisa izinambuzane okanye ukutshiza isichumiso samagqabi (isichumiso esithathwe emagqabini). Kweli nqaku siqwalaselela kufutshane iinxalenye zesitshizi se-boom nendlela esisebenza ngayo.
Ukutshiza ukhula kunokwenziwa phambi kokuba ukhula luntshule (ukutshiza kwaphambi kokuhluma), okanye nje lwakuba ukhula lumilile emhlabeni (emva kokuhluma). Kanti kwakhona oko kunokwenziwa kwizinambuzane okanye kwimibungu - maxa wambi utshiza umhlaba nje emva kokutyala ukuze ubulale isinambuzane ngqo (oku kubizwa ngokuba kukutshiza okuzidibanisayo kwaye kubulala isinambuzane ngqo), okanye unokutshiza isityalo ukuze kufe isinambuzane emva kokuba sitye isityalo esinetyhefu (oku kubizwa ngokuba kukutshiza ngokubanzi - isinambuzane sibulawa kukutya isityalo esinetyhefu kungengawo amathontsana nje kuphela.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda into yokuba isitshizi masifakwe ngokwesantya esithile ngehektare nganye ukuba kufanele ukuba oko kube nesiphumo esinqwenelekayo. Akunamandla ukufaka ityhefu encinci kakhulu ngenxa yokuba inexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu kanti oko kusenokubanga nengozi.
Amathontsana akwisitshizi asenokuba rhabaxana (abe makhulu) okanye acoleke (abe mancinci). Ngokuya eba makhulwana amathontsana esitshizi ayancipha amathuba awo okuphetshethwa ngumoya, kodwa xa enjalo akhawuleza aqengqeleke msinyane emagqabini. Isitshizi esicolekileyo asiqengqeleki lula emagqabini, kodwa siphetshethwa lula ngumoya xa sifakwa.
Ngokuya sicoleka isitshizi, luba luncinci ulwelo olufakayo - ngokuya siba rhabaxa isitshizi, ulwelo luthi chatha. Isitshizi esithande ukucoleka sithatha umgama othe chatha ngocoselelo kanti malunga namathontsana arhabaxa, indawo ephakathi kwamathontsana isenokuba nkulu ukuze ezinye iindawo zingakwazi kufikeleleka ngokungqalileyo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba usebenzise isitshizi ngexesha elilungileyo lokuphuhla (kokhula) okanye ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuhlasela (kwezinambuzane). Kwakhona kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo enxulumene nexesha lemini ekufuneka kufakwe ngalo isitshizi, neminye imiba efana nenkxwaleko yembalela kwisityalo. Kuya kuba lilinge elingenamsebenzi ukutshiza ukhula xa selubekele imbewu kuba isityalo sokhula sonyaka olandelayo sesikhona, okanye ukulinda de ukhula lukhuphisane nesityalo ngokufuma nangezondlo phambi kokutshiza; kanti asiloqoqosho ukutshiza isityalo ngenjongo yokutshabalalisa uhlobo oluthile lwesinambuzane xa kukho izinambuzane eziliqela ezibonakalayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukwalilinge elingenanto liyenzayo ukulinda de isityalo siphantse ukutyiwa siphele phambi kokutshiza izinambuzane.
Izitshizi zisebenza njani?
Imilomo yamathumbu eyahluka-hlukeneyo yezitshizi iyilelwe ukuvelisa izimbo ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokutshiza. Kukho imilomo yamathumbu eyahluka-hlukileyo nobukhulu obahluka-hlukileyo bemilomo yamathumbu. Isimbo sesitshizi sobume befeni sesona sinconywayo xa kutshizwa emhlabeni, kanti isimbo sesitshizi sobume bekhowuni sikholisa ukunconywa xa kutshizwa kwizityalo.
Impompo iyafuneka ukuze kukhutshwe ulwelo etankini yesitshizi. Impompo kufuneka ifake uxinzelelo kulwelo ukuze umlomo wethumbu utshize ngendlela oyilwe ngayo.
Kukho iintlobo ezahluka-hlukileyo zezakhelo apho kunamatheliswa khona ii-boom. Ii-boom zisenokusongwa ukuze zithuthwe ziphinde zivulwe - oku kunokwenziwa ngoxinzelelo lolwelo okanye ngesandla. Kwisakhelo sesitshizi, kukho iindawo zokulungelelanisa ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa okanye ukuthoba ii-boom. Ezi ndawo zokulungelelanisa zikwahluka ukusuka kwisitshizi esithile ukuya kwesinye kanti ezinye zilawulwa ngoxinzelelo lolwelo lo gama kwezinye kukho isixokelelwano seebholiti ezinokulungelelaniswa.
Iitanki kufuneka zenziwe ngemichako engadlekiyo umzk. iintsimbi ezingahlali mabala, iintsimbi ezigqunywe ngesinyithi okanye ngeglasi yeentsinga. Imichako ekholisa ukusetyenziswa yengagqobhozekiyo nto leyo ethetha ukuba akusayi kubakho ntlenge yetyhefu etankini emva kokusetyenziswa. Kubalulekile ukungciba nawuphi umonakalo owenzeke ezitankini, ngakumbi iimonakalo ezinokubanga ukudleka njengoko oku kunokukhokelela ezindaweni ezivuzayo.
Iimpompo nazo zonke iinxalenye mazibe kwimeko elungileyo yokusebenza. Imitywino yeempompo, izangqa ze-o okanye iiwasha ezisabukomityi zesikhumba okanye umchako ongumdibaniso usenokoma ukuze ushwabane xa isitshizi singekasetyenziswa kwixesha elide, okanye xa sigcinwe ngendlela engafanelekanga. Isinyibilikisi kweminye imixube yezibulali zezitshabalalisi-zityalo sinokonakalisa imitywino yempompo, ukuze oko kubange iindawo ezivuzayo ezijikileze impompo, okanye ukumpompa okusilelayo.
Iimpompo ezininzi zithanjiswa ngeoyile, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba inqanaba leoyile lisoloko liqwalaselwa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba lingasentla kwelona nqanaba liphantsi livumelekileyo.
Faka imibhobho yeehozi elungileyo endaweni kwaleyo inamathanda okanye ivuzayo. Khumbula, imibhobho yeehozi esetyenziselwe ukufaka izibulali zezitshabalalisi-zityalo azinako ukuphinda zikhuculwe zonke tu ukungcola. Kuya kusoloko kukho intsalela yesitshabalalisi-zityalo eya kusoloko isele kuyo. Leyo esuswa ngokufaka eminye emitsha mayilahlwe kakuhle kwaye ingaphindi isetyenziswe nangasiphi esinye isizathu.
Yiba soloko usebenzisa izihluzi xa isitshizi sisebenza. Izihluzi zahlukanisa ubutyobo namasuntswana angafunekiyo anokuvingca imilomo yamathumbu ze oko kunciphise isakhono sokusebenza kwesitshizi.
Uxinzelelo lolwelo kwisixokelelwano sesitshizi luqwalaselwa ngegeyiji yoxinzelelo. Igeyiji ilinganisa uxinzelelo lomxube otshizwayo odlula kwimilomo yamathumbu xa iphakathi kwesilawuli soxinzelelo kunye nemilomo yamathumbu esitshizi. Ngenxa yoko, inguquko yoxinzelelo inokubanga ukungasebenzi kakuhle okunokubakho. Qiniseka ukuba iigeyiji zoxinzelelo zikwimeko elungileyo yokusebenza kwaye zifakwe kakuhle amaqondo emilinganiselo.
Kukho ivalvu yesiqabu soxinzelelo kwisixokelelwano enokusetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa uxinzelelo kwisixokelelwano. Inokuvulwa ukuze ivumele isixa esifunekayo somxube wesitshizi ukufikelela kwimilomo yamathumbu, ukuze osalayo ubuyele etankini, okanye inokuvulwa ngokupheleleyo nto leyo ethetha ukuba isixubi sesitshizi siya kujikeleziswa kwisixokelelwano. Olu luphawu olubalulekileyo oluthintela izithako ezisebenzayo ekuzinzeni kumzantsi wetanki xa ingagungqi. Kukholisa ukuba kubekho ezinye iitephu ezinokunqanda umxube otshizwayo kwiindawo ezithile zesitshizi nto leyo evumela indawo encinci okanye ebanzi yesitshizi.
Izifakelelo ezihexayo okanye ezichachambileyo kaninzi ziba yintsusa yeendawo ezivuzayo. Qinisekisa ukuba izifakelelo nezinqakri zibambile phambi kokufaka ulwelo phantsi koxinzelelo naphambi kokulumpompa. Sakuba isixokelelwano siphantsi koxinzelelo, qwalasela iindawo ezivuzayo.
Qwalasela imilomo yamathumbu rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayivingcekanga. Imilomo yamathumbu eyonakeleyo ithetha ukuba imichiza etshizwayo ithe chatha kwefunekayo ukuze oko kukholise ukubanga isimbo esingalungelelananga somxube otshizwayo neziphumo ezingafaniyo kuzo zonke iindawo. Imingxuma yemilomo yamathumbu nayo isenokuguquka ngakumbi xa kusetyenziswa imixube edlayo efana nemigubo enyakamisayo. Faka ezinye iincam xa ukonakala kwazo kubanga umqukuqelo ongaphezu kwalowo wencam entsha nge5%-10%.
<fn>PulaImvula. BusinessMaize.2009-06.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni efunekayo ukuqhuba ishishini?
Ukuhlanganisela uludwe lwezinto ezifunekayo ukuqhuba ishishini kusenokuba yinto equkanisa kakhulu kwaye noludwe luyahluka-hluka. Iimfuno okanye imithombo iphenjelelwa yimibandela efana nohlobo lweshishini, ubukhulu, ixesha, njl.njl.
Malunga neshishini lokufama uludwe luya kuqulatha iimfuno ezifana nomhlaba, amanzi, amadlelo, izindlu, iindibano-miboniso, indawo yokusenga, izixhobo zokunkcenkcesha, izithuthi, oomatshini, iitrektara, izixhobo zokusebenza, abasebenzi okanye abaqeshwa, imali nabaphathi. Ngokubanzi le mithombo yobutyebi efunekayo ihlelwa ngokolawulo, umhlaba, inkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini kunye nabasebenzi.
Umhlaba - ubandakanya umhlaba ngokwawo, ithafa, amadlelo, izakhiwo nezinye izakhiwo ezisisigxina ezifana neentlanti, iishedi, izindlu zezilwanyana kunye nezibiyeli.
Inkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini - yona ibhekiselela kwimali ngokwayo nenye impahla yexabiso efana nezithuthi, iitrektara, iinkomo neegusha.
Abasebenzi - kuxelwa abantu abasebenza efama phantsi komthetho womnini/umphathi.
Ulawulo - umntu okanye abantu abathatha izigqibo malunga nokuqhutywa kweshishini.
Ngaphandle kwabasebenzi, abangenakuze babe ngabeshishini, eminye imibandela yemveliso nako konke okubandakanyekayo, kunokuba kokweshishini okanye kunokubolekwa okanye kuqeshwe kwenye indawo. Xa umhlaba, inkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini nolawulo lubolekiwe okanye luqeshiwe, imibandela yemveliso ibizwa ngokuba yimibandela yangaphandle. Umbandela sukuba ungowenye indawo. Enye indawo okanye umnini makahlawulwe ngokusetyenziswa kwempahla - ngamanye amazwi kukho iindleko okanye inkcitho ebandakanyekayo.
Umvuzo - Intlawulo yokusetyenziswa kolawulo lwangaphandle.
Qaphela ukuba abasebenzi, nangona bengasayi kuba ngabeshishini, ababonwa njengempahla yangaphandle. Ngoko ke, iindleko ezibandakanyeka kwintlawulo yabasebenzi - imivuzo nako konke okubandakanyeka kuyo asizozindleko zempahla yangaphandle. Abasebenzi babonwa njengemveliso eqhelekileyo kunye/okanye inkcitho yokuqhuba ishishini. Umqeshwa unika izakhono kunye/okanye iintlobo zobuchule bakhe kunye/okanye ulwazi kwishishini alihlawulelwayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. BusinessMaize.2009-07.xh.txt</fn>
Loluphi uhlobo lweshishini ofanele ukulukhetha?
Ukukhetha uhlobo lweshishini sisigqibo esibalulekileyo xa kusekwa ishishini elitsha. Isizathu kukuba uhlobo lweshishini luba neziphumo ezifikelela kude malunga nolawulo, indawo yabanini nabaphathi kunye nemibandela yezemali yeshishini elitsha.
Kuxoxwa ngohlobo ngalunye kwiintlobo ezintandathu ezibalulekileyo zoshishino eMzantsi Afrika. Ingxoxo isekwe kwiimpawu ezisixhenxe ezibalulekileyo. Iintlobo ezizezinye zoshishino zibandakanya ubunini bukabani oyedwa, ubulingane, iqumrhu, imbumba esondeleyo, ishishini eliyitrust kunye nentsebenziswano. Iimpawu ezisixhenxe zibandakanya isimo ngasinye sohlobo loshishino, imiba yobukho bembumba kunye nokunyaniseka, iinkqubo zokuseka ishishini, uxanduva lolawulo, ukwabelana ngenzuzo kunye nemfanelo yerhafu, amathuba okuxhasa ngemali nokuqhubela phambili. Eli nqaku alizi kubandakanya ingxoxo malunga namaqumrhu kunye neembumba zentsebenziswano njengoko ezi ntloko zibanzi, ngoko ke ziya kuba zodwa kumanqaku aya kuza mva.
Ubunini bukabani oyedwa bubalulekile kumashishini amancinci njengoko bufuna imali yenkunzi enganeno kwaye bungenabugocigoci ukubuseka nokubulawula. Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi yezoqoqosho yobunini bukabani oyedwa ikholisa ukuthinteleka.
Ubunini bukabani oyedwa abunabukho bembumba kwaye ke ngoko buxhomekeke emzimbeni nasengqondweni kabana ephilileyo, kananjalo nakwisimo esihle semali, somnini wabo. Le nyaniso ibeka engozini impahla exabisekileyo yomnini wabo. Ukusilela kwishishini kuya kukhokelela ekubhangeni komnini yena ngokwesakhono sakhe.
Ukusekwa kweli shishini kulula xa kuthelekiswa namanye kuba kaloku umnini kufuneka ebhalise igama lobunini aze afumane ilayisensi yokurwheba. Akukho zimfuneko zimbi ezisekelwe abo beshishini lobunini bukabani eyedwa, ngaphandle kolawulo olufana lodwa ekuthi amashishini ngamanye aluthobele. Imithetho yezempilo njengoko isetyenziswa kwiirestyu ingumzekelo wayo.
Amashishini obunini bukabani oyedwa akholisa ukulawulwa ngabanini ngokwabo. Nangona kunjalo, umnini unokukhetha ukutyumba umphathi ommeleyo. Mayikhunjulwe into yokuba amathuba okunyuselwa anqabile kumashishini obunini bukabani oyedwa.
Njengoko amashishini obunini bukabani oyedwa ekholisa ukulawulwa ngumntu omnye, ayakwazi ukuziqhelanisa ngokukhawuleza neemeko eziguqu-guqukayo. Umba ongathandekiyo wemeko yolawulo-lomnini kukuba ulwazi lomntu olawula ishishini lusenokunqongophala malunga nomda wemiba yolawulo. Kaloku kunzima emntwini oyedwa ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo yonke imiba yezemali, yokuthengisa, imisebenzi, ukuthenga, ulawulo nabaqeshwa.
Njengoko kungekho mahluko phakathi kwempahla exabisekileyo neemfanelo zomnini kunye nezo zeshishini, naziphi iinzuzo zeshishini nazo zenza inxalenye yengeniso yomnini ngokwakhe. Akukho zirhafu zithe ngqo ngoko ke ezifunwa kwishishini, kodwa umnini urhafiswa ngokwesakhono sakhe seenzuzo zeshishini. Nangona kunjalo umnini ufanele ukutsalelwa iirhafu zesiqhelo zikabani.
Ishishini lobunini bukabani oyedwa alunabukho bembumba. Umnini ke ngoko unoxanduva ubukhulu becala lokunika inkxaso kwimisebenzi yeshishini ekhupha kwimithombo yakhe yobutyebi ngokwakhe. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkxaso-mali namathuba okukhula obunini bukabani oyedwa athinteleka ngokwemali anesakhono sayo umnini. Ukuphinda kwandiswe iinzuzo okuvela kwimisebenzi yeshshini ngoko ke nako kubalulekile njengentsusa yemali eyinkunzi yeshishini lobunini bukabani oyedwa.
Ishishini lobunini bukabani oyedwa liyinxalenye yempahla yomnini. Ukufa okanye ukuwa komnini ke ngoko kuphelisa ishishini. Xa lithengisiwe ishishini, liyayeka ukuba khona phantsi kwegama lomthengisi, kodwa liqhuba ngegama lomthengi. Ukuba umnini unqwenela ukuthengisa ishishini, kukho izaziso ekufuneka zinikiwe ukukhusela abanika inkxaso yamatyala kwishishini.
Ukuba umnini unqwenela ukuyeka ishishini, akukho zinkqubo zicwangciselweyo zifunekayo. Njengoko iimfanelo okanye ishishini lihlala liluxanduva lomnini, ukuyeka imisebenzi ngempumezo kuyalivala ishishini.
Amashishini obulingane asetyenziswa kakhulu ziingcali ezifana noogqirha okanye amagqwetha. Amashishini obulingane akwafanelekile kwiimeko apho kufuneka izixa ezingekho phezulu zemali eyinkunzi yokuqala ishishini, okanye apho izakhono zolawulo zabantu abangaphezu komntu omnye zifuneka khona. Ubulingane yimvumelwano yobhambathiso phakathi kwababini okanye ngaphezulu. Inani labalingane akufuneki lidlule kuma-20.
Abalingane abathuleyo nabehlebo.
Abantu abayimbumba banemfanelo yokuba ngamalungu eshishini lobulingane ngendlela efana naleyo yabantu bemveli. Umzekelo ufumaneka xa inani lamashishini liseka imbumba. Abalingane abakwibanga eliphezulu bahlulwa kwabo bebanga eliphantsi ngokwenani leminyaka kubulingane nangokwenani leminyaka kubulingane besixa semali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ilinge eyandiswa kubulingane. Abalingane abaququzelayo banenxaxheba kulawulo lobulingane, kanti abalingane abangabonakali besenza nto abenzi njalo. Abalingane abathuleyo baziwa ngamaqela aphathelene nobulingane kodwa abasebenzi ngokuthunywa bubulingane. Ukuchongeka komlingane olihlebo, kananjalo, kuyafihlwa.
Injongo yobulingane kukufumana iinzuzo ngokwenza imisebenzi yoqoqosho ngokomthetho. Ngaphandle kwale njongo, iqela labantu okanye oobani ngokwasemthethweni alinakuzibiza ngokuba lishishini lobulingane. Umlingane ngamnye unyanzelekile ukufaka igalelo kwisiseko semali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini lobulingane. Igalelo elilolo hlobo lisenokuba yimali, iinkonzo, ezinye iindlela, ngenye indlela, okanye ukudityaniswa kwazo zontathu ezo zinto.
Xa ubulingane busaqhuba, bonke abalingane banoxanduva ngokuhlanganiselana malunga neemfanelo, kodwa emva kokuchithwa kwayo abalingane baphendula ngokuhlanganiselana nangabanye-ngabanye ngokunyaniseka kwabo ngazo naziphi iimfanelo.
Ishishini lobulingane lisekwa ngemvumelwano yobulingane phakathi kwabo baza kuba ngabalingane. Imvumelwano elolo hlobo iba lubhambathiso phakathi kwabalingane ukuze ibe yinto eyinene, kufuneka yanelise ezona mfuneko zincinci zobhambathiso.
Isibhengezo sokuzinikela kwabalingane ekuyileni inzuzo.
Uxanduva kunye nemisebenzi yabalawuli ilawulwa ngemvumelwano yabalingane. Imvumelwano ke ngoko inako ukumisela ukuba uxanduva lwabaphathi lunikwe umlingane othile, abanye babo okanye lunikwe bonke abalingane.
Ulungelelwaniso lokwabelana ngenzuzo makubandakanywe kwimvumelwano yomlingane ngamnye.. Ukuba ulungelelwaniso alubonakaliswa, umthetho jikelele umisela ukuba iinzuzo zabiwe ngolungelelwaniso olufana negalelo kwishishini lobulingane. Xa ixabiso lamagalelo lingenakufunyaniswa, abalingane banesabelo esilinganayo seenzuzo.
Ishishini lobulingane lona ngokwalo alinamfanelo yerhafu, kodwa abalingane ngokwesakhono sobuqu babo banayo loo mfanelo. Zonke iintlawulo ezenziwa kubalingane lishishini labalingane zibonwa njengenxalenye yengeniso yobuqu babo, kwaye zirhafiswa ngokufanelekileyo. Iirhafu ezitsalwayo kubantu ngabanye ngoko ke ziyamiselwa.
Iindlela ezizezinye nezemali zabantu ababini okanye ngaphezulu ziyadityaniswa kwishishini labalingane. Oku kubanga amathuba athe chatha ngobuhle okufumana inkxaso-mali kuneshishini lobunini bukabani oyedwa. Ukuthembeka okuhlanganiselweyo malunga nenkxaso-mali kwamalungu kuyaqwalaselwa ngamaziko anika inkxaso-mali xa amashishini abalingane efaka izicelo zamatyala okanye zeemali-mboleko. Ityala lifumaneka ngokukhululekileyo kumashishini abalingane, kodwa ukufumaneka kwemali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini kona kuhlala kunzima, njengoko amashishini obulingane engezoziqu zembumba, ngaloo ndlela abe ayasilela ekuqhubeleni phambili.
Ukuqhubela phambili kweshishini lobulingane, kanye njengakwishishini lobunini bukabani oyedwa, kuxhomekeke ekuphileni nakubukho bemali bamashishini obulingane. Nayiphi inguquko kumthetho-siseko wobulingane unako ukubuphelisa ubulingane. Xa kunjalo kufuneka kusekwe ishishini lobulingane elitsha. Ukufa komlingane omnye kuphelisa imvumelwano phakathi kwabo balingane bathile.
UMthetho oMiselweyo weMbumba esondeleyo yowe-1984 wadala uhlobo lweshishini, elinemfanelo yobuqu basemthethweni, kodwa elinganyanzelekanga ukuba phantsi kwentlaninge yemithetho nemimiselo ecwangciselweyo elawula amaqumrhu.
Ngoko ke, imbumba esondeleyo ibubunye bezoqoqosho enobuqu basemthethweni, nehlanganiselwe ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho oMiselweyo weMbumba esondeleyo (yowe-1984). Ibunjwa ngamalungu angekho ngaphezulu kwishumi, ilungu ngalinye linika igalelo kwisiseko semali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini. Ayinakuzinikela okuphandle ekwenzeni inzuzo.
Imbumba esondeleyo inamalungu, hayi ababelana ngegunya. Amalungu kufuneka abe ngabantu bemveli, kodwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile ukuthembeka okunobungqina bunako, ukuba ngokusebenzisa umthenjwa, naye abe lilungu. Ubudlelwana phakathi kwelungu nembumba esondeleyo buyinto efanayo nobudlelwana obuphakathi kombhexeshi nequmrhu lakhe.
Amagalelo amalungu asenokuza njengemali, impahla yexabiso okanye iinkonzo. Amagalelo asenokwanda okanye ancitshiswe kulo lonke ithuba lobomi bembumba esondeleyo. Ukuncipha kwamagalelo kunokwenziwa yimbumba esondeleyo ngokuthenga kwakhona imidla yayo (imidla bubunye bobunini kwimbumba esondeleyo, njengoko izabelo zinjalo kwiqumrhu). Okuchasene nalo mthetho osebenza kwiqumrhu, imbumba esondeleyo ayinyanzelekanga ukugcina isiseko semali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ilinge siseyinto ebumbeneyo. Imidla yamalungu akukho mfuneko yokuba ilungelelane namagalelo alo. Imidla kwabelwana ngayo ngokwemigqaliselo yemvumelwano yemvisiswano phakathi kwamalungu, kananjalo yenza isiseko solwabelwano ngenzuzo.
Ngenxa yobuqu bayo ngokwasemthethweni, yonke impahla yexabiso, amatyala, amalungelo neemfanelo zezeakhawunti yembumba esondeleyo. La malungelo neemfanelo ayakhiwa, nangona kunjalo, akhiwa ngenyathelo lamalungu embumba esondeleyo. Ilungu linokuthwaliswa uxanduva yimbumba esondeleyo xa ukuzinikela kumba wokugcina ulwazi njengehlebo kuqhawulwe, okanye xa imibandela yeshishini lembumba esondeleyo iqhutywa ngokungakhathali.
Ukuseka imbumba esondeleyo, kufuneka kunikelwe ingxelo yokufunyaniswa kweshishini ekhatshwa yimali yokuliseka kuMbhalisi weeMbumba eziSondeleyo. Oku kusebenza njengoxwebhu lukawonke-wonke kwaye luqulethe igama, idilesi noshishino lwembumba esondeleyo, kananjalo namagama amalungu kunye nobucukubhede ngamagalelo nemidla yawo. Xa umbhalisi enelisekile ngolwazi, uya kubhalisa imbumba esondeleyo aze akhuphe isatifikethi sembumba. Kusayinwa imvumelwano yemvisiswano ngamalungu embumba esondeleyo ukuze kulawulwe imiba yobudlelwana bangaphakathi. Imvumelwano yemvisisiwano luxwebhu lwabucala lwembumba esondeleyo kwaye lulawula imiba ephathelele kulawulo nakwiinkqubo zeshishini, kananjalo nemiba yoxanduva nezinyanzelo zamalungu.
Ulawulo luvela ngokwemigqaliselo yemvumelwano yemvisiswano. Imvumelwano inako ukongamela imimiselo yoMthetho oMiselweyo weMbumba eSondeleyo (1984) malunga nolawulo lwemvisiswano esondeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ikhona imimiselo engafanelanga konganyelwa yimvisiswano. Oku kubandakanya ilungelo lalo naliphi ilungu ukubiza intlanganiso, okanye izithintelo ezibekwa ebantwini abathile ezibalela inxaxheba kulawulo lweshishini.
Inkundla yomthetho inako, ukuthi ngesicelo sembumba esondeleyo, okanye isicelo selungu, izikhathaze ngolawulo lweshishini. Oku kulandela ukusuka kwimeko exhamlwa ngamalungu e-trust malunga neshishini, ngokwenza njalo kukhuseleka ubume bembumba esondeleyo kunye namalungu omnye komnye. Imeko ye-trust ithetha ukuba akukho lungu linokuvumela imidla yalo ukuba ingquzulane naleyo yembumba esondeleyo. Ngoko ke imidla yembumba evalelekileyo ihamba phambili. Oku kukwabonakala mhlophe kwigama elithi "imbumba esondeleyo", apho "u-sondeleyo" ethetha ukuba amalungu azibandakanya shushu neshishini. Ubunini (ukuba lilungu) nolawulo ngoko ke abahlulwa njengakwisiganeko sequmrhu.
Imbumba esondeleyo ihlawula amalungu ayo ngeenkonzo azinikileyo. Ingeniso esalayo emva kokurhafiswa nayo inokwahlulwa phakathi kwamalungu ngokusebenzisa izahlulo. Malunga nemivuzo, amalungu arhafiswa ngokwezakhiwo zerhafu yobuqu bazo, kukhutshelwa ecaleni izahlulo zembumba esondeleyo. Ukurhafiswa okuphindaphindwe kabini ke ngoko kuyathintelwa, njengoko iimbumba ezisondeleyo zirhafiswa ngokwerhafu efanayo yequmrhu. Izahlulo ezifunyenwe yimbumba esondeleyo, nangona kunjalo, zithathwa njengengeniso yokusebenza, ukuze ke ngoko zirhafiswe ngokulungelelana ngokwemigqaliselo yerhafu yequmrhu. Iinzuzo ezingabelwanga, ezigcinwe kwingxowa-mali yolondolozo, azirhafiselwa.
Ukulingana kwembumba esondeleyo kuphelela kumagalelo amalungu alishumi obona buninzi. Ngoko ke kunzima ngakumbi kwimbumba esondeleyo kunakwiqumrhu ukuba nomtsalane wemali. Amalungu embumba esondeleyo kwakhona axhamla ukuziphendulela okungephi malunga namatyala eshishini. Oku xa kudibene nenyaniso yokuba iingxelo zezemali zembumba esondeleyo ngamaxwebhu abucala kuthintela ukufumaneka kwemali. Amalungu anokuqinisekisa amatyala embumba esondeleyo, kodwa naziphi izingxengxezo zokuziphendulela okungaphelelanga ziya kubethwa ngoyaba.
Imbumba esondeleyo inobuqu basemthethweni. Ukuqhubela phambili ke ngoko akuchatshazelwa kukufa okanye ngumhlala-phantsi walo naliphi ilungu. Imidla yembumba esondeleyo inokudluliselwa kwabanye ukuze imbumba esondeleyo ibe nako ukuphinda ithenge imidla. Ukuphelelwa yimali kwelungu akuyibeki esichengeni imbumba esondeleyo njengoko imidla ithengisa okanye ithengwa lishishini.
Imbumba esondeleyo ipheliswa ngokuthengisa okusungulwe ngamalungu okanye ngabo batyalwayo. Ukuthengisa ngokuzithandela kuxhomekeke kwimvume yawo onke amalungu. Ukuthengisa kwenziwa ngokunikela amaxwebhu angqalileyo kwinkundla yomthetho.
Umgaqo-siseko onxulumene ne-trust kukuba umsunguli abeke impahla engqalileyo phantsi kolawulo lomthenjwa, olawula imali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini ye-trust esenzela kwaye encedisa umncediswa. EMzantsi Afrika izimo zomthetho we-trust ziyabalulwa. I-trust engumnqophiso isungulelwa ukunikela kwizizalwana zomniki-mnqophiso. Izizalwana ke ngoko zingabancediswa. I-trust yobhambathiso isekwa ngobhambathiso kwaye isetyenziswa njengesimo seshishini. Kufuneka kunikwe inkathalelo, nangona kunjalo, yokwahlukanisa phakathi kwee-trust zeshishini kunye namagama amaqumrhu athile, anokulahlekisa, umzk. ulwandiso-mali okanye ii-unit trusts.
Ii-trust zobhambathiso zisetyenziselwa ukuphepha imimiselo nezinye izithintelo ezandlalwe kwizimo ezizezinye zoshishino. Ezi zithintelo zibandakanya iinkqubo zolawulo lwemimiselo ezityenziswa ngamaqumrhu, okanye imibandela enxulumene nerhafu. Ii-trust azilithinteli inani labasunguli okanye labancediswa kwaye zingafihli nokuchongeka kwabathenjwa.
I-trust inempahla yexabiso engafaniyo nenye. Ubukho bayo buhamba bodwa abudibenanga nabathenjwa bayo, abancediswa, okanye abasunguli, kuqhuba ishishini ngegama layo kwaye ilawulwa ngendlela engenaluxhomekeko. Nangona kunjalo, ayikuxhamli ukonwabela isimo sobuqu basemthethweni. Impahla yexabiso ye-trust inokuxolelwa ngabatyalwayo bayo. Abancediswa, abathenjwa nabasungulu ngoko ke bonwabela ukuziphendulela okunyiniweyo.
I-trust isekwe ngokwemigqaliselo yobhambathiso okanye ngesiqinisekiso se-deed ye-trust, eyahlukanisa impahla engqalileyo yexabiso isenzela i-trust. Le mpahla yexabiso ibekwa phantsi kolawulo lomthenjwa olawulela abancediswa impahla yexabiso. Isiqinisekiso se-deed ye-trust siqulethe igama neenjongo ze-trust, imithwalo yoxanduva lwabathenjwa, iinkcukacha zabancediswa kunye nemimiselo enxulumene nolawulo lwe-trust. Ikopi yesiqinisekiso se-deed ye-trust inikelwa kwiGcisa (Master) leNkundla ePhakamileyo. Igcisa lisebenza njengomlindi wolawulo lwe-trust yomthenjwa.
Isiqinisekiso se-deed ye-trust masithobele imimiselo yoMthetho oMiselweyo woLawulo lweMpahla ye-Trust yowe-1998. Naziphi ezinye iimfuneko zombuso ezinxulumene nemisetyenzana ye-trust makuhlangatyezwane nazo. Umzekelo, xa impahla engashenxisekiyo ithuthelwa kwi-trust zonke iimfuneko zommiselo ezinxulumene nothutho mazithotyelwe.
Iinguquko kwimimiselo yesiqinisekiso se-deed ye-trust zinokwenziwa kuphela ngemvume yabo bonke abathenjwa, abasunguli kunye nabancediswa. Inkundla yomthetho inokuzifaka ezi nguquko xa elinye lamaqela linokubamba imvume ngokungakhathali.
Umthenjwa ulawula i-trust ngokwemigqaliselo ye-deed ye-trust nangokoMthetho oMiselweyo woLawulo lweMpahla engaShenxisekiyo (1988). Nangona kunjalo, liGcisa (Master) leNkundla ePhakamileyo, elikhupha isatifikethi esenza ukuba abathenjwa bafake i-trust.
Ngaphaya koko, makunamathelwe kwimimiselo yomthetho woninzi malunga nolawulo lwempahla ye-trust. Le mimiselo ibandakanya ulawulo oluququzelayo lwempahla yexabiso ye-trust, ulondolozo lwendawo yee-trust ngokunxulumene nabancediswa nokwahlukaniswa kwempahla yexabiso ye-trust kwimpahla yexabiso yomntu ngokwakhe. Nakuphi ukwaphula umgaqo okanye ukungakhathali ngemibandela ye-trust kunokubanga ukugxothwa kwabo njengabathenjwa, ukuze bathathelwe inyathelo lasemthethweni laseburhulumenteni okanye likawonke-wonke.
I-trust ilawulelwa ukuzalisekisa imidla yabancediswa bayo. Iinzuzo ezivela kwimisetyenzana ye-trust kufuneka zabelwe abancediswa ngokwemigqaliselo yesiqinisekiso se-deed ye-trust. Nangona kunjalo, abathenjwa mabahlawulwe ngokulungelelana nemithwalo yoxanduva lwabo kwi-trust.
Ngeenjongo zerhafu i-trust ibonwa njengomntu ongatshatanga. Irhafu yengeniso yobuqu bomntu, ngoko ke itsalwa kwi-trust. I-trust ke ngoko iphathwa njengomntu ongatshatanga onemfanelo yeemali ezithile ezitsalwayo zerhafu. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe, nangona kunjalo, ukuba inxalenye ekuphela kwayo yengeniso ye-trust enganikwanga abancediswa irhafiselwa ngale ndlela. Ingeniso esuka kwi-trust eya kubancediswa ithathwa njengengeniso yomdla yabancediswa kwaye irhafiselwa ngokufanelekilyo. Ngale ndlela kuthintelwa ukurhafiswa okuphinda-phindwe kabini. Ukuba ingeniso ye-trust yahlula-hlulwa phakathi kwabancediswa, kanti ukuba aba bancediswa abanamithombo eyiyeminye yengeniso, oko kunokukhokelela kwinqanaba lerhafu elineempembelelo eziphantsi kwiingeniso ze-trust.
Inkxaso-mali ephilayo ye-trust ivela kwimpahla yexabiso echongwe ngesiqinisekiso se-deed ye-trust ngumsunguli. Ukufuna imali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini kusenokuba yingxaki kwi-trust njengoko ingengobathenjwa ingengabo nabancediswa ekufuneka bephendule ngamatyala e-trust. Abathenjwa okanye abancediswa basenokukhetha ukuqinisekisa amatyala e-trust, kodwa oku kutyeshela ngokwendalo ukuziphendulela okunyiniweyo kwamaqela alolo hlobo. Kusenokuvela umbuzo malunga nemali yelinge lokuqesha kwe-trust. Oku kunokuphendulwa ngokuqwalasela imimiselo yesiqinisekiso se-deed ye-trust okanye iinjongo ze-trust ngokwayo.
Ukuqhubela phambili kwe-trust kumiselwa ngokwemigqaliselo yesiqinisekiso se-deed ye-trust.
Ukukhethwa kohlobo lweshishini kumele omnye wemibandela yokusekwa kweshishini elitsha. Kweli candelo iintlobo ezizezinye zeshishini ezifumaneka eMzantsi Afrika kuxoxiwe ngazo. Indlela nganye eyiyenye inwenwela kude malunga nokuphathwa nolawulo lweshishini. Ibaluleke kakhulu ke ngoko ingqalelo yobuchule ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhlobo lweshishini olukhethiweyo luthobela iimeko zobuqu bomsunguli-shishini kunye neshishini elitsha.
<fn>PulaImvula. Calculate.2008-07.xh.txt</fn>
Makukhunjulwe ukuba umsebenzi wokufama xa kuthethwa gabalala ujoliswe ekuyileni iinzuzo. Kufuneka izixa ezikhulu zemali ukuze kutyalwe oojongilanga kanti iindleko ezinxulumene nokuveliswa kwembewu kajongilanga ngomnye wemiba yolawulo lwefama yezityalo eziziinkozo.
Phambi kokutyala isityalo kuyimfuneko ukubala iindleko eziya kubakho ukuze kubalwe emva koko ukuba ingeniso ingaba ngakanani. Kulo nyaka kubekho ukwanda okube kukhulu kakhulu kwiindleko zamagalelo malunga nemveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo kwaye kubalulekile ukuba amafama enze izibalo zawo ngokuqaphela okukhulu.
Iindleko zahlulwa ngokwezintlu ezimbini ezahlukeneyo - iindleko ezingqalileyo okanye eziguquguqukayo kunye neendleko ezisisigxina esisentloko.
Ezi ziindleko ezinxulumene nokuqhutywa komsebenzi wokufama uphelele - ziindleko ezingenakungqaliswa ekutyalweni kweso sityalo sithile singqalileyo. Ezi ndleko zibandakanya iintlawulo zokubala, iintlawuliso zebhanki, imivuzo neentlawulo, ukuzoba, umbane, iilayisensi nentlawulo zeenkonzo, ukukhanda nolondolozo, inzala kwiimali-mboleko, iindleko zezithuthi kunye nezinto zokubhala. Ezi ndleko zisenokwahluka kakhulu ukusuka kumfama othile ukuya komnye oko kuxhomekeke kubukhulu befama, umthwalo we-dept kunye nesimbo neendleko zolawulo.
Ezi ziindleko ezinokunxulunyaniswa ngokungqalileyo nesityalo esityalwayo. Ezi ndleko zibandakanya izinto ezifana ne-diesel, isichumiso, imbewu, imichiza, ukuvuna, ukuthengisa nabasebenzi bamathuba athile. Kwiziganeko ezininzi, ezi ndleko zithelekiseka ngokwehektare nokuba kungayiphi indlela oko kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lokufama nesivuno esinokubakho sesityalo esicwangciselweyo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenziwa kocwangciso olufanelekileyo lwezemali phambi kokutyala nasiphi isityalo. Kuphucuke kakhulu ukulungiselela nokutyala indawo encinci kakuhle ukuze kufumaneke ithuba elilelona libalaseleyo lokufumana isityalo. Imingcipheko kumsebenzi wokufama umbona ikwiqondo eliphezulu kakhulu kangangokuba asiyongqiqo intle ukuzibeka esichengeni - imozulu ayikwazi kucingeleka kwangethuba elingaphambili kangangokuba kusuka kungakwazeki ukusebenzisa iindlela ezishunqulelayo. Kukholisa ukuvela iindleko ebezingakhange ziqwalaselwe ngethuba lokwenza izicwangciso zokutyala izityalo - apha ngezantsi kukho umzekelo weentlobo zokulima ezinokufuneka ngethuba lenkqubo yokuveliswa kwesityalo.
Ukuthuthwa kwesityalo esiziinkozo.
Itheyibhile 1: Umzekelo weendleko ezingqalileyo xa kunxulunyaniswa nokutyalwa kukajongilanga. Sebenzisa amaxabiso angawo akamva xa ubala iziganeko eziyimizekelo yethuba langoku.
Itheyibhile 2: Isivuno esinokubakho kunye nenzuzo/ha kumaxabiso ahluka-hlukileyo/iitoni.
Kwibanga langoku, umsebenzi wokuvelisa oojongilanga unomtsalane ongummangaliso - khangela ubone ukuba ingaba mhlawumbi unako na ukutyala oojongilanga kunezinye izityalo ezilinywa kwindawo yakho.
<fn>PulaImvula. Calibration.2008-11.xh.txt</fn>
Inqaku elandulela eli libandakanye iinxalenye zesitshizi se-boom nendlela esisebenza ngayo. Kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela nzulu amaqondo esitshizi.
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwamaqondo esitshizi iyilelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba utshiza isixa esichanekileyo solwelo (amanzi adibene netyhefu) kwindawo enqwenelekayo.
Umlomo wethumbu. Umlomo wethumbu onomngxuma othande ukuba mncinci uya kukhupha ulwelo olunganeno kunomlomo wethumbu onomngxuma omkhulu. Kanti umlomo wethumbu usenokuba nesimbo sokutshiza esibanzi okanye esicuthekileyo.
Uxinzelelo lomxube otshizwayo. Xa uya ngokumpompa ngamandla athe chatha, luyanda kananjalo uxinzelelo ukuze kuphume ulwelo oluthe chatha. Ngokuya kunyuka uxinzelelo, amathontsana aya ngokuba mancinci.
Xa kutshizwa ngokusebenzisa itrektara, uxinzelelo lwempompo luchatshazelwa yimijikelezo/min (rpm).
Iigiyeri zetrektara zichaphazela isantya setrektara.
Umsebenzisi wetrektara kufuneka enze isigqibo nge-rpm nangegiyeri eya kusetyenziswa aze akugcine kufana oku akuba enziwe amaqondo.
Kuguqulwe isixa setyhefu kumxube. Ityhefu ethe chatha ithetha ukuba kufakwe isithako esisebenzayo esithe chatha emanzini esixa esilinganayo.
Zalisa itanki yesitshizi.
Yenza isigqibo ngegiyeri emayisetyenziswe kananjalo nange-rpm (umzk. igiyeri yesi-4 ngesantya sama-2 500 rpm).
Linganisa umgama we-100 m.
Ngokusebenzisa loo giyeri ne-rpm echanekileyo, linganisa ixesha elithathwa yitrektara ukugqiba i-100 m (umzk. imizuzwana engama-21).
Dumisa itrektara, imi endaweni enye, ngesantya ekuvunyelwene ngaso sama-2 500 pm, uze uqwalasele isivalo sesitshizi malunga nempumezo emhlabeni.
Misela uxinzelelo kwisitshizi ukunika isiphumo esinqwenelekayo (umzk. i-3 bar).
Ngokusebenzisa ixesha elifanayo (umzk. imizuzwana engama-21) ethathwe yitrektara ukugqiba i-100 m, sebenzisa isitshizi, uze ulinganise isixa samanzi esikhutshwe ngumlomo omnye wethumbu (umzk. i-1 200 ml / 1,2 litres).
Phinda-phinda le nkqubo ngemilomo emibini okanye emithathu uze uthathe inani elisisiqhelo.
Sebenzisa isixa solwelo esikhutshwe ngumlomo omnye (umzk. 1 200 ml / 1,2 litres) uze uphindaphinde oku ngenani lemilomo yamathumbu (umzk. imilomo yamathumbu eli-12) ukuze wazi ukuba zingaphi iilitha ozitshiza kumgama we-100m (ngayo yonke imilomo yamathumbu, 12 x 1,2 l = 14,4 litres).
Linganisa ububanzi be-boom (umzk. 4,7 m).
Ngoku uyabazi ububanzi obutshizayo, kwaye uyasazi nesixa samanzi owatshizayo kububanzi be-100 m.
Indawo etshizwe ngesitshizi kwi-100 m: 100 m x 4,7 m = 470 square meters.
Sisebenzise i-14,4 litres yamanzi kule ndawo.
Indawo ye-1 hektare = 10 000 square meters (100 m x 100 m).
Isixa ekufanele sisetyenziswe kwi-1 hektare siya kuba ngama-10 000 / 470 = 21,27 x 14,4 l = 306 l / hektare.
Ileyibhile kwisiphathi somchiza iya kubonisa isixa samanzi esifuneka ngehektare nganye kananjalo nenani leelitha zetyhefu efuneka ngehektare nganye.
Ukuba sowukhe wakwenza oku kwaye ufumanise ukuba isixa solwelo olutshiziweyo alufanelekanga, phinda ukwenze oku kodwa ulungelelanise uxinzelelo lwesitshizi okanye igiyeri yetrektara okanye ubukhulu bomlomo wethumbu.
Sakuba sichanekile isixa samanzi, ngoku kufuneka ubale inani leelitha zetyhefu ekufuneka zongezelelwe kwitanki nganye yesitshizi.
Umzekelo, itanki iphatha ama-500 litres zamanzi. Umzekelo, kufuneka sifake i-4 litres zetyhefu ngehektare nganye. Kuya kuba ngama-500 l / 306 (ee-litha ezisasazwe ngehektare nganye) eziphindaphindwe ka-4 (iilitha zetyhefu ngehektare nganye).
Kufuneka songeze i-6,5 litres zetyhefu ngetanki yamanzi yama-500 eelitha.
<fn>PulaImvula. CalibrationMaize.2008-10.xh.txt</fn>
Afakwa njani amaqondo kwisixhobo sokutyala?
Chonga zonke iinxalenye zesixhobo sokutyala ezisetyenziselwa ukufaka amaqondo (amazinyo evili, iigiyeri kunye neepleyiti).
Qiniseka ngento esasazwa sisixhobo sokutyala malunga nembewu kunye nesichumiso xa kusetyenziswa imimiselo yangoku.
Linganisa umgama ophakathi kwemilinganiselo yesixhobo sokutyala ukuze ubazi ububanzi obuphakathi kwemiqolo - oku kuya kwenza ukuba ukwazi ukubala inani lemiqolo ngehektare nganye. (Umzekelo, ukuba isithuba phakathi kwemiqolo ngu-0,9 m, kukho i-100 m kububanzi behektare enye. 100 m /0,9 m = 111 imiqolo ngehektare nganye).
Phawula umgama we-10 m.
Bophelela isingxobo seplastikhi phezu kombhobho osasaza isichumiso ukuze sibambe isichumiso kwixesha lamva lokulinganisa ubunzima.
Vumela itrektara nesixhobo sokutyala ukudlulela ngaphaya kwe-10 m ngokungathi besityala (ngamanye amazwi, ivili lokuqhuba isixhobo sokutyala malisebenze nangona iinxalenye ezisebenza emhlabeni ziya kuba ngaphezulu).
Bala inani lembewu esasazwe kumgama we-10 m.
Phinda-phinda elo nani ngo-10 ukuze ubale oko ubunokukusasaza kwi-100 m (ukhumbule ukuba ihektare ngu-100 m x 100 m).
Ngoku phinda-phinda elo nani ngenani lemiqolo kwi-100 m (kumzekelo wethu, imiqolo ibiyi- 0,9 m ububanzi nto leyo ethetha ukuba bekukho imiqolo eli-111 kwi-100 m).
Umzekelo, kukho iipete ezingama-30 kumgama we-10 m. Oku kulingana neepete ezingama-300 kumgama we-100 m. Imiqolo ili-111 kwihektare, x 300 = 33 300 yezityalo nehektare nganye.
Ukuba impendulo oyifumanayo ingaphezulu kuleyo uyifunayo, lungelelanisa amazinyo amavili ezixhobo zokutyala ukuze intsimbi ejikelezisa ipleyiti ijike ingangxamanga. (Okanye wenze ngandlela yimbi, xa ufuna uchatha wezityalo).
Phinda-phinda oku de ufumane isiphumo osinqwenelayo.
Linganisa ubunzima besichumiso esiqokelelwe engxoweni kumgama we-10 m.
Ngoku phinda-phinda elo nani ngenani lemiqolo kwi-100 m (kumzekelo wethu, imiqolo ibiyi- 0,9 m ububanzi nto leyo ethetha ukuba ibiyi-111 imiqolo kwi-100 m).
Umzekelo, kukho i-100 g (0,1 kg) kumgama we-10 m. Oku kulingna ne-1000 grams (1 kg) kwi-100 m. Imiqolo ili-111 kwihektare, x 1000 = 1110 grams ngehektare nganye / 111 kg ngehektare).
Ukuba impendulo oyifumeneyo ingaphezulu kuleyo ubuyifuna, lungelelanisa amazinyo amavili kwisixhobo sokutyala ukuze intsimbi ejikelezisa ipleyiti ijike ingangxamanga. Okanye wenze ngandlela yimbi, xa ufuna uchatha kwii-kilogram.
Phinda-phinda oku de ufumane isiphumo osinqwenelayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Celebrate.2009-11.xh.txt</fn>
Abaqwalaseli ngokulandela uEduard Foord noFanie Pienaar bawongwe ngenxa yegalelo labo.
I-S.M. Mpahleni, i-M. Sobuza, i-M.S. Nyoni (ifunyenwe nguSolomon Mabila) noLucas Nhlane.
Umqolo osemva: NguLuvo Qongqo, uJan du Preez, uDiv Bosman, uVictor Thabethe, uCharles Matlou, uLawrence Watch noJarius Metswamere.
Umqolo ophambili: NguDudu Mashile, uMuzi Hlongwane noSalome Modise.
Abaqeqeshi badlala indima enkulu kuphuhliso lokuPhuhlisa abaVelisi.
UDanie van den Berg (Ingcali: Iinkonzo zaseNtsimini) noIsrael Mokoto ovela eWolmaranstad.
uN.R. Mhlanga, uE.R. Serahe, uF.J. Mhlanga (ogqwesileyo), uM.G. Nkosi, uJerry Mthombothi (umququzeleli wephondo) noA.P. Masina.
uNothando Mzini, uS.H. Walaza, uSimphiwe Elliot Shabhu (ogqwesileyo), uNtombizanele Mtshulana, noThemba Mkiva.
nguI. Abdool, uP. Nolundi Msengana noJonas Mokoka.
U-S. Motswenyane, u-J. Mokoto, u-R.E. Pholo noGeorge Letlojane bebengekho.
Umqolo osemva: NguJ. Metswamere, uR.M. Ramoholi, uWilliam Matasane no-Malefane Makubo.
Umqolo ophambili: NguPhilip Xaba noMe Mponeng Lentoro.
Ebebengekho: nguM.A. Bantseke noM.J. Komako.
NguKarabo Peele noMoss Malo.
UThando Lolwane ebengekho.
Ngomhla wama-29th Septemba 2009, iNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA yasingatha usuku lombhiyozo - imibhiyozo yeKlabhu ye-250 Ton.
Inkonzo yeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama eziTyalo zeeNkozo kukuphuhlisa abavelisi abarhwebayo abanesakhono abamnyama kanti umbhiyozo obuseholweni kwiholo yaseFanie Ferreira eNAMPO ubunenjongo yokubalula abavelisi abanokufakwa kwishishini elibanzi lezolimo njengabavelisi abarhwebayo abamnyama -abo bavelisa ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-250 zezityalo eziziinkozo.
Indlela eya emsebenzini wokufama ngokurhweba ngezityalo eziziinkozo ayilulanga kwaye ayinazindlela zinqumlayo. Umsebenzi wokufama ungumceli-mngeni kwaye imida yokwenza inzuzo mincinci. Aba bavelisi bebenikwa inkxaso ngabaqeshwa abakwiNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama eziTyalo eziziiNkozo, kananjalo nabanye abadlali-ndima abaninzi kwishishini abafana neebhanki, amashishini ezolimo, amaqumrhu anika inkxaso yegalelo, abaphathi besolulo abavela kumaSebe ahluka-hlukeneyo ezoLimo nabanye abavelisi abarhwebayo.
Kunyaka odlulileyo siseke iKlabhu ye-250 Ton ukuze sibalule impumelelo yabo asebevelisa ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-250 zezityalo eziziinkozo ngonyaka ngamnye kunye nabakufutshane kakhulu ukubizwa ngokuba "ngabavelisi abarhwebayo". Uninzi lwaba bavelisi baya kuba yinxalenye yenkqubo yethu kwakhona kunyaka ozayo okanye nakwemibini ezayo kwaye inkqubo yabo kufuneka ibalulwe..
Amalungu eKlabhu ye-250 Ton ayanda naxa engakhawulezi. Sinamalungu asixhenxe e-1 000 Ton, alishumi elinesithathu amalungu e-500 Ton ukuze abe ngamashumi amabini ananye amalungu e-250 Ton. Kulo nyaka, basibhozo abavelisi abatsha abaye baba ngamalungu ale klabhu.
Kumbhiyozo walo nyaka, sifakele elinye icala - umLimi woNyaka weziXa eziNcinci. EMpumalanga naseMpuma-Koloni, baninzi abavelisi abanofikelelo kuphela kwihektare enye-1 ukuya kwezi-2 zomhlaba odityanelweyo. Aba bavelisi badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu malunga nokhuseleko lokutya emaphandleni. Njengenxalenye yenkqubo yophuhliso, siqeqesha siphinde sinike inkxaso aba bavelisi bezixa ezincinci ukuze kuphuculwe iindlela zabo zokukhupha imveliso. Sithathe isigqibo sokumisela ukhutshiswano phakathi kwaba bavelisi ukuze sibalule ukugqwesa kolu luhlu. Kulo nyaka abagqwesileyo kolu khutshiswano ngu Mnu F.J. Mhlanga ovela eMpumalanga, noMnu S.E. Shabhu ovela eMpuma-Koloni. Nangona aba bavelisi bengasebenzi zindima zinkulu zomhlaba, bawusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo wonke umhlaba abakwazileyo ukuwufumana, ngokwenza njalo bafake igalelo elixabisekileyo kumaqela abahlali bendawo abakuyo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Challenges(maize).2011-06-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze kubekho inzuzo ishishini lokufama maliqale linike iimveliso ezifunwa ngabaxumi. Emva koko, ukuze ulawulo lweshishini lokufama lifumane inzuzo kufuneka lisoloko liziphucula ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukusuka ekudalweni komntu, umntu waba soloko enezinto azifunayo ukuze aphile. Ukutya soloko kusisidingo esisiseko, kunye nempahla yokunxiba nekhusi ngokunjalo. Ekuqaleni umntu bekufuneka ehlangabezene neemfuno zakho ngokuzingela, ngokuvuna izityalo kuhlaza oluzikhulela endle, azenzele impahla yokunxiba yakhe aze ahlale emiqolombeni.
Uthe xa umntu eqhubela phambili neemfuno zakhe nazo zaqhubela phambili zaza zafikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu leemfuno zanamhla. Kwakhona umntu uqhubele phambili ukusuka ekuziphiliseni ukuya ekuthengiseni izinto ezininzi ezidingwayo. Xa sithetha ngokubanzi kakhulu amashishini ehlabathi exesha lanamhla anikela ngazo zonke izidingo zomntu ukuze afumane imali.
Ngoko ke, namhla sifuna imali ukuze sitshintshiselane ngayo ukufumana zonke izinto esizidingayo. Njengabantu imali sinokuyifumana ngokuyisebenzela ukuze sifumane inzuzo. Kuphakathi kokuba uzisebenzele okanye kubekho umntu okusebenzelayo. Ukuba ukhethe indlela yokuzisebenzela ngokwakho, njengokuqhuba ishishini lokufama, ishishini elo kufuneka libe nempumelelo ngokwasemalini. Ngokwesiseko sezolimo impumelelo isekubeni ishishini linikele ngemveliso/ngeemveliso ezifunwa ngabantu ukuze umnini-shishini afumane ingeniso.
Kuxa ishishini lifumana inzuzo kuphela apho umnini-shishini efumana khona ingeniso (umvuzo). Ukuba kukho ilahleko, umnini-shishini akafumani ngeniso.
"Iimfuno" ezinikwa ngamashishini "zithengiselwa" abathengi. Imali efunyenwe ngokuthengisa iimfuno yingeniso yeshishini.
Ngethuba lokwenza imveliso nelokunikela ngeemfuno ishishini lifumana iindleko okanye iinkcitho ezithile.
Iindleko zokukhupha imveliso - imbewu, isichumiso, izitshabalalisi zezinambuzane, amachiza, iindleko zokuvuna nokuthengisa.
Iindleko zokusebenza - iindleko zokubhanka, iindleko zeofisi, ezezibalo - neendleko zothutho.
Iindleko ezisisigxina - zezithuthi, imivuzo yabasebenzi abasisigxina, iindleko zokuthotywa kwamaxabiso neze-inshorensi.
Iindleko zemibandela yangaphandle - inzala ekwiimali-mboleko, imivuzo yomphathi nerenti yokuqesha umhlaba.
Iindleko ezipheleleyo ziyingqokelela yazo zonke ezi ndleko.
Inzuzo iyingeniso engaphezu kweenkcitho ezisisixa esipheleleyo.
Kwinkqubo esisiseko yokukhupha imveliso abalimi bangabamkeli bamaxabiso malunga nengeniso (ixabiso) nangokwenkcitho. Zombini, ingeniso neenkcitho ziyanda ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa ngokwamanqanaba ahluka-hlukileyo. Enyanisweni uJ. Willemse unike ingxelo kwi-Landbouweekblad yowama-26 Matshi 2010 ukuba kowama-2009, xa kuqwalaselwa ishishini lezolimo (lokufama) ngokuphelela kwalo, ingeniso inyuke nge2,6% kuphela ngonyaka lo gama iinkcitho zinyuke nge8%. Ezi pesenti zahluka ngokonyaka kodwa zidale okubizwa ngokuthi lucidiso lweendleko-maxabiso. Xa kuqwalaselwa ucudiso lweendleko-maxabiso kwiminyaka eliqela lunokwalathwa ngokweSazobe 1. (Imithombo yolwazi: Willemse, J. 2010, Resessie sweepslag knyp Landbou. Landbouweekblad: 26 Maart 2010).
Xa indlela ezenziwa ngayo izinto efama zihlala zinjalo ngonyaka emva komnye, isithuba esiphakathi kwengeniso nenkcitho siya kuvaleka ukuze kuye ngokuba nzima kangako ukwenza inzuzo. Ngokuphathelene nengcinga ngemali kufuneka ukuba ulawulo lweshishini lokufama lisoloko liphucuka ukuze kufumaneke impumelelo kwezemali.
Oku kunokwenziwa ngokunika ingqalelo enzulu nenganqunyanyiswayo ukuze kuphuculwe ulawulo lwemimandla eyahluka-hlukeneyo yolawulo lweshishini lokufama. Injongo mayibe kukugcina ingeniso ingaphezulu kwiinkcitho ithuba elide, njengoko kwalathiwe kwisazobe 2.
Asingomsebenzi olula kumphathi wefama xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo yonke imibandela ephembelela ishishini lakhe engaphaya kwamandla akhe. Lo ngowona mceli-mngeni kwishishini lokufama. Enyanisweni umntu makasoloko eqwalasela iimpembelelo zemali ngokwemigqaliselo yengeniso neenkcitho zayo yonke into eyenziwayo okanye engenziwayo ngokwemigqaliselo yeshishini lethu.
Elokuphetha, ukuze ishishini lokufama libe nenzuzo kufuneka linikele ngazo zonke iimveliso ezifunwa ngabaxumi. Emva koko, maligcine iinzuzo ezilondolozekayongokuthi ulawulo lweshishini lokufama lisoloko liziphucula ngalo lonke ixesha.
<fn>PulaImvula. Challenges.2010-01.xh.txt</fn>
Umsebenzi wokufama wasoloko wabandakanya ukusebenza nzima. Into enokuthethwa malunga nabalimi kukuba abakoyiki ukusebenza nzima. Nangona kunjalo, kwezi ntsuku, umsebenzi wokulima ukutya okuziinkozo ufuna ngaphezu kokusebenza nzima kuphela.
Sichonge imibandela ethile eyenza inkqubo yophuhliso ihambe kade.
Xa uqalisa nayiphi into entsha, kukho ithuba apho ungasebenzi ngokufaneleke ncam - kuba njalo nakubalimi. Iimpazamo azinakuthinteleka. Kwithuba langoku, iindleko eziphezulu zamagalelo, zidibene namaxabiso aphantsi okuthengisa izityalo eziziikozo, aziniki nomncinci umda wempazamo. Abalimi, ukuba bayaphumelela mhlawumbi, bafumana iinzuzo ezincinci kakhulu kanti abakwazi nokwandisa imali kwiitrektara nakwizixhobo. Baqhuba ngokusebenza ngemali encinci. Oku kubabeka emngciphekweni kwaye kunexabiso eliphezulu. Ukuze bafumane imali-mboleko, abalimi kufuneka bathathe i-inshorensi nto leyo engamanzithinzithi.
Umsebenzi wokufama yindima ebanzi kakhulu kwaye kufuneka ube nengqiqo yemibandela emikhulu neyahluka-hlukeneyo. Ulwazi lwezifundo kuphela alulingenanga - abalimi bafunda ngamava kwiminyaka ngeminyaka. Kwimo ekubhekiselelwe kuyo yaseMzantsi Afrika, abalimi abasaphuhlayo baseziidyongo kulo mdlalo inkoliso yabo kanti ke imithetho yalo mdlalo inobugocigoci - ukusebenza ngendlela encomekayo kufuna ukomelela! Ngenxa yomda wengeniso ophantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu, ngenene akukho mda wokwenza impazamo. Uwafumana njani amava kwaye ingubani oya "kukuganga" xa usiwa?
Abalimi abasaphuhlayo bafumana ubunzima obuya ngokwanda bokufikelela kwiimali-mboleko zemveliso. Oku kwenziwa ngamanqaku amabini aselekhankanyiwe; umda wenzuzo mncinci kanti imingcipheko iphezulu. Iyaqondakala into yokuba ababoleki bemali abanakulahlekelwa yimali - kufuneka bayandise ngobulumko imali yabaxumi. Kwithuba langoku, sithembele kakhulu kwinkxaso yeLand Bank malunga nemali-mboleko yemveliso - lugunyaziso lwabo ukubolekisa ngemali kubalimi abasaphuhlayo. Nangona kunjalo, iLand Bank kufuneka inciphise umngcipheko wayo - yiloo nto kufuneka ubudlelwana obulungileyo phakathi kweLand Bank nenkqubo yethu.
Kukho abalimi abanofikelelo emhlabeni ngenjongo yokulima izityalo kodwa kube kungekho nzuzo khona yokutyala izityalo namhla (njengesiphumo seendleko zegalelo/ixabiso lemveliso/isakhono somhlaba). Bakhona nabathile abanomhlaba olungileyo osenokuba awubiyelwanga ngenxa yoko ube awuwulungelanga umsebenzi wokufama ngempumelelo. Kukho nabo bafuna izixa ezikhulu zekalika nee-phosphate ukuze balungise umhlaba. Kukho abalimi abanesakhono abangakwaziyo ukufikelela emhlabeni ngokuncediswa yimibandela yezemihlaba (leyo yingxoxo-mpikiswano yelinye ithuba). Zininzi iinguquko zeengxaki eziphethelene nomhlaba - zonke ezo zinto zenza ukuba uphuhliso lomlimi luthande ukuba nzima ngakumbi.
Kungenxa yezi zithintelo zingentla esithi siqhube umba wophuhliso lomlimi kwiiprojekthi neenkqubo ezahluka-hlukileyo.
<fn>PulaImvula. ChemicalMaize.2009-02.xh.txt</fn>
Imichiza etshabalalisa ukhula izizixhobo ezinoncedo kuninzi lweenkqubo zokulawula ukhula. Kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukunika inkxaso kwezinye iindlela nezixhobo ezikhoyo.
Ezinye zezi zixhobo zibangabandakanya izenzo ezilungileyo zenkcubeko, ezifana nokufakwa kwezichumiso nekalika kakuhle, ukunika isityalo "isiqalo esisentloko", ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo nokulima okufanelekileyo, zinto ezo ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yolawulo lokhula iphelele, kananjalo nokulima ngoomatshini.
Umchiza otshabalalisa ukhula ufakwa emhlabeni emva kokulima ngoomatshini kodwa kuselithuba phambi kokutyalwa kwesityalo. Ukholisa ukuxutywa nee-intshi ezimbalwa zomhlaba ongaphezulu, ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokusebenza ezahluka-hlukeneyo ezihlanganisayo.
Umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula ufakwa emhlabeni emva kokulima ngoomatshini nasemva kokulungiswa komandlalo wezithole kodwa phambi kokutyala uze uxutywe nee-intshi ezimbalwa zomhlaba ongaphezulu nangokusebenzisa izixhobo zokusebenza ezahluka-hlukeneyo ezihlanganisayo.
Umchiza ufakwa emva kokutyalwa kwesityalo kodwa phambi kokuhluma kwaso emhlabeni. Ukufuma komhlaba, ukukhanya, imvula okanye ukulima okusidibi kusenokuba yimfuneko ukuze kufumaneke ulawulo lokhula oluphucukileyo ngokusebenzisa imichiza emininzi yaphambi kokuhluma.
Umchiza ufakwa kukhula lwamagqabi emva kokuhluma kwesityalo.
Eli liyeza elisebenza kumphezulu womhlaba ukunciphisa ukubumbana komphezulu, ngokwenza njalo livumele ukufakwa kwemichiza ngokulungelelana okuncomekayo ukuze umxube wesitshabalalisi sokhula usasazeke ngokulungelelana emagqabini esityalo okanye emhlabeni. Amagama amaninzi ahambelana nemisebenzi ethile, magama lawo afana nala, isincedisi (adjuvant), isikhuculi (detergent), isinyibilikisi (emulsifier), isisasazi (spreader), isincamathelisi (sticker) neyeza lokumanzisa (wetting agent).
Inkoliso yemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ecetyiswayo nesetyenziswa kwezolimo, iyakhetha. Ngokwenqanaba lokuyifaka ecetyiswayo, itshabalalisa ngokukhetha okanye yenzakalise ukhula kodwa ayinakonakalisa ngobuzaza isityalo apho olu khula lukhula khona. Xa usebenzisa inkoliso yemichiza ekhethayo yokutshabalalisa ukhula, kufuneka ulandele ngokuqaphela inqanaba elicetyiswayo lokuyifaka kuba amanqanaba aphezulu asenokwenzakalisa isityalo kakubi okanye asibulale. Kufuneka wazi ukuba usengozini xa usebenzisa umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula ngaphandle kokulandela isikhokelo esikwileyibhile. Funda ileyibhile ekwisiphathi uze ulandele imiyalelo.
Ucoselelo olufuneka xa kufakwa umchiza wokutshabalalisa ukhula lungaphezu kolo lufuneka kwimisebenzi emininzi yefama. Mithathu imibandela elawula inqanaba lokuyisebenzisa: luxinzelelo, bubukhulu bomlomo nesantya sokuqhuba emhlabeni.
Amanqanaba acetyiswayo okusebenzisa imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula, xa kuthethwa gabalala, ahluka ngokokuvakala komhlaba esandleni (orhabaxa, ophakathi nogudileyo) kananjalo nesiqulatho sezitho eziyindalo. Ubukhulu becala, amanqanaba aphantsi emichiza etshabalalisa izityalo asetyenziswa kwimihlaba erhabaxa eneziqulatho ezisezantsi sezinto eziyindalo, kanti amanqanaba aphezulu, ubukhulu becala asetyenziswa kwimihlaba egudileyo enesiqulatho esiphezulu sezinto eziyindalo. Qwalasela ileyibhile malunga namanqanaba afanelekileyo emihlaba yakho.
Amanani okhula olumelana nemichiza asenokwenzeka ngenxa yokusetyenziswa okuphinda-phindwayo kwemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula ephantse ukusebenza ngokufanayo. Ukujikelezisa izityalo, ukujikelezisa imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula okanye ukuxuba izitshabalalisi zokhula njengasetankini, michiza leyo eneendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokusebenza kuya kunceda ekunciphiseni ukwakheka kokumelana kokhula nemichiza yokulutshabalalisa.
Iimfuneko zokungabikho kwemvula emva kokufaka imichiza yasemva kokuhluma kufuneka zikhunjulwe. Kaloku ukuze ube nesakhono umsebenzi wokutshiza nangesiphi isitshabalalisi sokhula kufuneka ingabikho imvula kwithuba elithile. Xa inokuna imvula kweli thuba kucetyiswa ukuba uphinde utshize ukuqinisekisa umsebenzi oncomekayo womchiza kwingxaki yokhula ekujoliswe kuyo. Imizekelo yile: 2,4 - D amine 6 - 8 iiyure; 2,4 - D ester 1 - 2 iiyure; Atrazine 4 iiyure; Basagran 8 iiyure.
Ithuba elibalulekileyo lokutshabalalisa ukhula ngumba ophambili kwizixokelelwano Zolawulo Lobumbano (Integrated Weed Management - IWM). Eli thuba lichazwe njengexesha lokunqumama kumjikelo wobomi besityalo apho kufuneka singabi nalukhula ukuze kuthintelwe iilahleko zesivuno.
Lo mba unceda ekuqondeni elona xesha lincomekayo lokufakwa kwesitshabalalisi sasemva kokuhluma esingashiyi ntsalela, kwaye sicutha umsebenzi wezitshabalalisi zokhula ezishiya intsalela kwithuba lexesha lonyaka nokufakwa emva kwexesha okungeyomfuneko kwezitshabalalisi zokhula. Amathuba abalulekileyo achazwa ngokwebanga lokukhula kwesityalo ngokohlobo lomhlaba, ngokwemozulu nangokweeyantlukwano zamaxesha onyaka. Ithuba elibalulekileyo lisekwa kwilahleko yesivuno engaphantsi kwe-5% ngenxa yokuphazamisa kokhula. Isityalo kufuneka singabi nalukhula ngala mathuba ukuze kuthintelwe ilahleko yesivuno engaphezu kwe 5%. Ukuba ukhula belutshatyalaliswa ngalo lonke ithuba elibalulekileyo, ukhula oluvela mva alusayi kuchaphazela isivuno.
Ithuba elibalulekileyo linokwahluka-hluka, oko kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu nasekukhuleni. Olunye uphando olwenziwe ngombona nangeembotyi zesoya lwalathe ukuba ithuba elibalulekileyo lahluka ngokohlobo lomhlaba nangokwesixokelelwano sokulima kanti isiphelo sethuba elibalulekileyo sinokolulwa kancinci emva koko kwimihlaba eludongwe okanye xa kungasetyenziswa isixokelelwano sokungahlakuli.
Ithuba elibalulekileyo lisuka kwibakala lamagqabi lesi-3 ukuya kwelesi-8 (ibakala lokukhula lesi-4 ukuya kwele-10 lamagqabi anencam ebonakala kwisazinge, okanye kwi-V2 ukuya kwi-V6 zamabakala okukhula ngokuziphinda-phinda). Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula okubalaseleyo makugcinwe kulo lonke eli thuba libalulekileyo. Umbona ogcinwe ngaphandle kokhula kwiintsuku ezimalunga nama-34 emva kokutyalwa (DAP) okanye de kube libakala lamagqabi (iincam zamagqabi ezisi-8 - 10) ube nelahleko yesivuno ye 0% - 5% phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo olukhulu lokhula.
Imiqobo yoqoqosho lokhula inceda ekuboneni ukuba ingaba ukushinyana kokhula nokuphazamiseka kulingene na ukuba kusetyenziswe iindlela zokulutshabalalisa, o.k.t. ingaba ilahleko yesivuno ethintelwayo ingaphezulu na kuneendleko zokutshabalalisa ukhula. Ixesha lokuhluma kokhula xa kuthelekiswa nesityalo ngumalathi omkhulu welahleko yesivuno. Ukhula oluhluma kwangoko ngaxeshanye nesityalo lwenza ilahleko yesivuno ethe chatha kunokhula oluhluma emva kokusekeka kwesityalo. Umzekelo, iziganeko zophononongo ngemiqobo yoqoqosho eziqhutywe malunga notyuthu weengcambu ezibomvu (red root pigweed), i-ragweed nengca ye-barnyard zifumanise ukuba ixesha lokuhluma kokhula xa kuthelekiswa nebakala lesityalo kubaluleke kakhulu kunokushinyana kokhula xa kuvavanywa iindlela ekunokukhethwa kuzo zokutshabalalisa ukhula. Ilahleko yesivuno sesityalo ixhomekeke kwixesha elinokuthelekiswa nalo lokuhluma kwezithole zokhula. Itheyibhile 1 iqikelela isixa selahleko yesivuno enxulumene nokhula oluthile oluhluma emboneni nakwiimbotyi zesoya.
Ilahleko eyipesenti yesivuno sombona iyenzeka ngenxa yamanani okhula olwaziwayo onyaka uphelele, ukhula lwamagqabi amakhulu nathe ahluma nesityalo aze ashiywa engatshatyalaliswanga. (Luphando lwaseMelika kodwa lunokusetyenziswa naseMzantsi Afrika njengesalathisi seelahleko ezinokubakho. Chonga amagqabi abanzi ethuba lonyaka kwifama yakho kuludwe lokhula oluqhelekileyo eMzantsi Afrika).
<fn>PulaImvula. Chemicals(maize).2011-09-27.xh.txt</fn>
Yinto ebalulekileyo ukuchonga iingxaki ezithile zokhula kwifama yakho. Imisebenzi yokulima, nemisebenzi yokutshabalalisa ukhula ngemichiza kanti ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo kwahluka ngesithili ngasinye nangefama nganye. Iingxaki zokhula kwifama yakho zingahluka kakhulu kwezo zommelwane wakho.
Yiba soloko uhlalutya uhlobo lokhula olukwifama yakho uze ufake imixube echanekileyo yemichiza efanelekileyo yokutshabalalisa ukhula. Nceda jonga itheyibhile engezantsi malunga naleyo unokuyikhetha kunye nemixube eqinisekisiweyo ekhoyo eMzantsi Afrika ngokuphathelene nokutshatyalaliswa kokhula emboneni.
Imichiza kunye nemixube yemichiza ekhoyo yenziwe ngezithako ezingundoqo ezisentloko ezisebenzayo nezilawula mhlawumbi iintlobo zengca ekhula kwisithuba sonyaka okanye ukhula lwamagqabi abanzi nalo olukhula kwisithuba sonyaka. Izithako ezisebenzayo ziziinxalenye zemichiza ethile ezibulala ukhula ngokuphazamisa okanye ngokunqanda iinkqubo zendalo zokusebenzisana kwemichiza ezenza ukuba ukhula lufumane ukukhanya kwelanga okwenza ukuba lukhule lude luziphinda-phinde ekugqibeleni.
Imichiza ke ngoko iyaxutywa xa amasimi omlimi enengxaki yengca kunye neyamagqabi abanzi. Kwiziganeko ezithile zethamsanqa ngenxa yokujikeleziswa kwezityalo okuchanekileyo nemisebenzi yokutshatyalaliswa kokhula kusenokwenzeka ukuba emasimini akho ombona kukho ingxaki enye yokhula lwamagqabi abanzi. Ngoko ke, ukutshiza iintlobo zengca yinkcitha-mali. Ukuhlalutya ingxaki ngendlela echanekileyo kuya kubeka utshabalaliso lwakho lokhula emgangathweni onguwo kuze kunciphise inkcitho yakho kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Kuluncedo ukuzuza ulwazi kwiziphumo zohlalutyo lomhlaba wakho ngesiqulatho sodongwe semihlaba engaphezulu kwintsimi nganye ekwifama yakho. Izixa ezifakwayo zemichiza zinyuka ngokukhawuleza ngokokunyuka kwesiqulatho sodongwe ukuze kuncomeke ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba isikhaxa sodongwe sifunxa ezinye zezithako ezisebenzayo ezifakiweyo ngoko ke zicuthe umchiza okhoyo onokuthathwa sisityalo kumaleko wamanzi ophakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba.
Bubuyatha ukungawafaki amanqanaba achanekileyo acetyiswayo ngehektare nganye ukuze kulondolozwe kwiindleko ezifumaneka kwangoko ngehektare nganye. Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula okungasebenzanga kuya kuba nesiphumo seelahleko eziphezulu zezivuno zezityalo kweli xesha lonyaka. Ukufaka umthamo wemichiza omncinane kunalowo ucetyisiweyo kukhula oluthile kwenza ukuba olunye ukhula lungatshabalali. Kwizizukulwana ezininzi zezityalo,"oku kumelana nokutshabalala" kubangela ubukho beentlobo zokhula ezisindayo xa kufakwe umchiza onokude ufikelele kumaxa alikhulu ezithako ezibulala ukhula nezisebenza ngokuthe chatha kunezo ebezinokutshabalalisa naluphi ukhula.
Kufanele ukuba ngumdla walo lonke uluntu lwamafama luphelele ukuba izixa ezifakwayo ezicetyiswayo zilandelwe ngononophelo. Ziba phezulu kakhulu iindleko zophando nophuhliso lwemichiza emitsha yokutshabalalisa ukhula ngendlela encomekayo xa kunokuvela ukumelana nemichiza.
Ukubonisa umchiza othe chatha ofanele ukufakwa ngokwesiqulatho sodongwe, nceda jonga ukufakwa komchiza ocetyiswayo we-acetochlor etshabalalisa ubukhulu becala iintlobo zengca yonyaka ngokuphathelene nesiqulatho sodongwe emhlabeni. I-acetochlor ikholisa ukusetyenziswa ngokuyixuba nesikhuseli. Esi sisithako esithi xa sixutywe ne-acetochlor sithintele lo mchiza ekutshabalaliseni isityalo esingumbona njengoko, njengokuba usazi, naso siyingca kaloku.
Phambi kokuhluma kuthetha ukutshiza ngemichiza emhlabeni okanye ukuwuphethula kancinane kangangoko umhlaba ophezulu emva kokutyala kodwa phambi kokuba izityalo sezihlumile zavela ngaphezu komhlaba.
Izixa eziphezulu zomthamo ngehektare nganye zinokusetyenziswa kwiziganeko apho kukho khona amathuba azingileyo okuhlasela ngamandla okuthile kweentlobo ezithile zeengca zonyaka kumasimi athile.
Iindleko ngehektare nganye ngokuphathelene nemichiza kuphela zahluka ukususela kuma-R97,50 ngehektare nganye kumhlaba oyisanti (0% - 10% isiqulatho sodongwe) ukuya kwi- R150 emhlabeni onodongwe oluninzi (41% - 55% isiqulatho sodongwe).
Isityalo sombona esinesakhono seetoni ezi-4,5 ngehektare nganye singabekwa ixabiso elimalunga nama-R7 200 ngehektare nganye. Asibobumlumko kakhulu kwaye akucetyiswa ukugcina ama-R60 ngehektare nganye ngokuthathela ingqalelo zonke iingxaki zangoku nezinokucingeleka zexesha elizayo ezinokuvela. Kwakhona, hlalutya ingxaki kunye nengcali yakho yemichiza kwaye ukwenze ngocoselelo ukulawula ukhula.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi imichiza oza kuyisebenzisa ukuze ukwazi ukuhlanganisela xa kunokufumaneka isixhobo sokulawula ukutshiza kweli xesha lonyaka. Ukufakwa kwemichiza etshabalalisa ukhula kunokwenziwa phambi kokuhluma kwezityalo msinyane emva kokutyala, kwangoko emva kokuba kutyalwe emhlabeni onomphezulu olungiswe kakuhle. Umphezulu womhlaba olungiselelwe ukutyala uthetha umphezlu womhlaba olinywe wacoleka nongenazintsalela zezinto eziphilayo ezinokufunxa eminye yemichiza efakwayo.
Ngokuphathelene nokufakwa kwemichiza msinyane emva kokutyala, umlimi unokwenza isigqibo sokulawula ukutshiza kwesixhobo sakhe sokutyala ukuze imichiza itshizwe ngokobubanzi obunokufumaneka emva komqolo wesixhobo sokutyala okanye kwindawana encinane kumqolo ngamnye. Kungenjalo, isixhobo sokulawula ukutshiza sinokubekwa entsimini msinyane kakhulu emva kokuba isixhobo sokutyala sidlulile entsimini. Kubakho uchatha wexesha wokwenza umsebenzi wokutshiza emva kokuhluma.
Indlela yokukhetha ixhomekeke kakhulu kwisakhono sokusebenza kwezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo umlimi anazo okanye aziqeshileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenziwa kwezicwangciso kufanele ukuthathela ingqalelo imiba emininzi kubandakanywa okunokwenzeka kokuba ufumane ikroba elincinane lokugqibezela umsebenzi wakho wokutshiza ngenxa yomyinge ongasentla wemvula.
Ngezantsi kuboniswa isishwankathelo seminye yemixube ekhoyo kummandla wentengiso. Njengomlimi okanye umphathi wefama kufuneka uziqhelanise nemichiza engundoqo esetyenziswayo kunye nokujiyiswa kwezithako ezisebenzayo kumchiza ngamnye. Zininzi iintlobo ezinamagama anomtsalane kwiindawo zentengiso eziqulethe izithako ezifana nezo. Xa uthelekisa amaxabiso kunye nokusebenza kweemveliso ezahluka-hlukileyo, bala kakuhle ixabiso nge-gram nganye yezithako ezisebenzayo ngelitha nganye ukuze uthelekise iindleko ngokungakhethi cala.
Iintlobo zengca zonyaka ubukhulu becala.
Iintlobo zengca zonyaka ubukhulu becala.
Phambi kokuhluma. Faka kumandlalo wezithole olungiswe kakuhle.
Ukhula lwamagqabi amakhulu lonyaka nezinye iintlobo zengca.
Phambi kokuhluma Faka kwangoko kumandlalo wezithole olungiswe kakuhle.
Ukhula lwamagqabi amakhulu lonyaka nezinye iintlobo zengca.
I-scetochlor/atrazine terbuthylazine (nezikhuseli okanye ngaphandle kwazo).
Ukhula lwamagqabi amakhulu lonyaka nezinye iintlobo zengca.
Phambi kokuhluma. Faka kwangoko kumandlalo wezithole olungiswe kakuhle Zingekapheli iintsuku ezimbini.
Iintlobo zengca zonyaka ubukhulu becala.
Phambi kokuhluma. Faka kwangoko kumandlalo wezithole olungiswe kakuhle Hayi kwimihlaba yodongwe olungaphantsi kwi-16%.
Ukhula lwamagqabi amakhulu lonyaka nezinye iintlobo zengca.
Emva kokuhluma. KwaZulu-Natal kuphela.
Ukhula lwamagqabi amakhulu lonyaka nezinye iintlobo zengca..
Imixube emininzi kunye nezinye izithako ezininzi ezisebenzayo.
Faka kukhula olukhula ngenene.
Ukhula lwamagqabi amakhulu lonyaka ubukhulu becala.
Phambi kokuhluma okanye kwangoko emva kokuhluma.
Faka xa ukhula seluhlume ngokupheleleyo.
Faka kwiintsuku ezi- 5 ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-6 emva kokutyala kumandlalo wezithole ofumileyo.
Ukhula lwamagqabi amakhulu lonyaka ubukhulu becala.
Faka kumandlalo wezithole olungiswe kakuhle uze udibanise nomhlaba.
Iintlobo zengca zonyaka ubukhulu becala, ii-nutsedge ezityheli nezimfusa.
Phambi kokuhluma. Faka kumandlalo wezithole olungiswe kakuhle kwiintsuku ezintathu emva kokutyala.
Iintlobo zengca zonyaka ubukhulu becala, ii-nutsedge ezityheli.
Njengoko kubonakala kule mizekelo imbalwa asiyonto inokwenzeka ukuba umlimi abe yincutshe kuyo yonke imixube emitsha yemichiza. Ngaphezu koko, umlimi makenze uhlalutyo ngokuphathelene nokuba ngowuphi obalaseleyo anokuwufaka kwaye awufake ngesixa esichanekileyo kumhlaba othile entsimini eneengxaki zokhula ezifana zodwa. Yiba soloko uzidibanisa nomntu oyingcali kwizifundo zemichiza etshabalalisa ukhula.
<fn>PulaImvula. Chemicals.2008-01.xh.txt</fn>
Imichiza yezolimo inako ukutshabalalisa isityalo sakho, endaweni yokusikhusela, xa ingasetyenziswanga ngokweengcebiso ezimiselweyo nangononelelo oluyimfuneko. Ngokulandela imigaqo-siseko engundoqo xa uthenga okanye usebenzisa imichiza, umvelisi unako ukuthintela umonakalo omkhulu kwisityalo sakhe.
Ingaba iyeza lezolimo libhaliselwe isityalo esithile (eMzantsi Afrika) nokutshabalalisa ukhula olungqalisiweyo, umngundo okanye usulelo?
Ingaba umthamo ocetyiswayo womchiza ufakwe ngokwendlela omiselwe ngayo?
Ingaba iimeko zemozulu ngethuba nasemva kokuwufaka ziyavumelana neemeko ezimiselweyo?
Ingaba ixesha lokuwufaka liyafana nelimiselweyo, umzekelo ekuseni okanye xa seliza kutshona ilanga?
Ingaba imeko yentsimi apho isityalo silinywe khona ilandele isakhelo seemfuneko, umzekelo ukufuma komhlaba nohlobo lomhlaba?
Ingaba imiqathango yokutshabalalisa usulelo ilandelwe kwibakala lokukhula njengoko kumiselwe kwimiyalelo yokuwusebenzisa?
Iziphumo-zakamva - ingaba iyeza lezolimo liqulethe nayiphi ingozi yesixokelelwano somjikeleziso - ngamanye amazwi, ukwenzela isityalo esilandeliswayo?
Ingaba iyeza lezolimo linako ukuxutywa namanye amayeza - umzekelo isibulali sokhula esithile singanako na ukuxutywa nezinye izibulali zokhula kunye/okanye ezinye izibulali zezinambuzane ngokunjalo nezibulali zomngundo?
iingcebiso mazibhalwe phantsi zize zisayinwe ngumthunywa.
Abavelisi mabaqaphele kananjalo ukuba ukushenxa kunokwenzeka ngethuba lokufakwa kwemichiza, ngakumbi xa kusetyenziswa izitshizi zasemoyeni, baze bazame ukucutha le ngxaki. Umonakalo omkhulu ungenzeka xa le michiza ifumana indawo kumhlaba/kumasimi anezityalo eziyivelayo.
Ukhuseleko lokutya lubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokufaka imichiza ngokuchanekileyo nangokugcina ingxelo malunga nezi ziganeko zokuyisebenzisa, abavelisi sebephumelele kugqatso lweemfuneko zesiqinisekiso sokutya ezixhalabisa kakhulu.
<fn>PulaImvula. Commercial1.2008-11.xh.txt</fn>
Umqolo osemva: NguJob Metswamere, uAmos Njoro (umququzeleli wephondo), no-Orapeleng Bankies.
Umqolo ophambili: NguPhillip Xaba, uDeliwe Ntebele-Mutlwane, uDavid Malo noSolomzi Boozene.
NguGeorge Mahlangu, uJerry Mthombothi (umququzeleli wephondo) noJosias Masombuka.
Umqolo osemva: NguSamuel Moloi, uIsaac Khuto, noMoss Malo.
Umqolo ophambili: NguLungile Malo, uIsrael Motlhabane, uPaul Morule noThando Lolwane.
Umqolo osemva: NguNico Vermaak (umphathi: Iinkonzo Zequmrhu, Grain SA), uJane McPherson (umphathi wenkqubo).
Umqolo ophambili: NguBasie Ntsimane, uLepati Macaphasa noBoy Mokoena.
Ongekhoyo: NguLabious Manoto.
Umqolo osemva: NguJohan Kriel, (umququzeleli wephondo), uArnold Jenkins, uPetrus Monnane, noSimon Motsima.
Umqolo ophambili: NguJacob Khomako, uMichael Ramoholi, uMalefane Makubo, noSamuel Nyambose.
Umqolo osemva: NguTonie Loots, (umququzeleli wephondo), uKarabo Peele.
Umqolo ophambili: NguSimon Mazwi, uLasarus Mothusi, uJohn Setshwaro, uDaniel Mocwiri.
Ongekhoyo: NguAbednigo Zilimbola.
Umhla wama-25 Septemba 2008, uya kukhunjulwa ngeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA njengesiganeko sohlobo olulodwa kakhulu - usuku olufanele ukukhunjulwa.
Injongo yale nkqubo yophuhliso lwamafama okutya okuziinkozo kukuphuhlisa abavelisi abarhwebayo nabanesakhono kuhlanga olumnyama kanti imibhiyozo ebiseNAMPO ngowama-25 Septemba 2008 ibisamkela abavelisi abanokungeniswa kwishishini lezolimo elibanzi njengabavelisi abamnyama abarhweba ngenene.
Indlela esingise kumsebenzi wokufama ngokurhweba ngokutya okuziinkozo ayilulanga kwaye akukho zindlela zinqumlayo. Umsebenzi wokufama ungumceli-mngeni kanti imida yenzuzo mincinci. Aba bavelisi bebesoloko benikwa inkxaso ngabaqeshwa beNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGSA, nangabanye abadlali abaninzi beendima ezithile abakweli shishini - iibhanki amashishini ezolimo, amaqumrhu anika inkxaso yamagalelo kunye nabanye abavelisi abarhwebayo.
Emva kweminyaka yokunika iinkonzo kubavelisi ngokusebenzisa amaqela ofundo-nzulu, iimvavanyo zemiboniso, iintsuku zamafama, ukhutshiswano lomFama woNyaka, uluhlu lwezifundo zoqeqesho, iziganeko zosasazo kwirediyo neleta yeendaba zenyanga nganye, thina Pula/Imvula, sithathe isigqibo sokuqalisa "iNkqubo yomFama okwiBanga eseliPhambili" apho siya kunika khona inkxaso ethe chatha nengqala kubavelisi ngabanye ababonisa isakhono, umdla, ukuzinikela nothakazelelo lokuphumelela. Inkoliso yabavelisi abawongwe kwesi siganeko ibe ngabo asebe yinxalenye "yeNkqubo yamaFama akwiBanga eseliPhambili", nangona kukho abanye abebe yinxalenye yenkqubo nabangabavelisi abarhwebayo ithuba elide kangangokuba asinakuze sibe sakwazi ukufaka igalelo kuphuhliso lwabo njengabavelisi - kaloku bangabavelisi abarhwebayo. Sicinge ukuba lifikile ixesha lokuba siwonge abo bavelisi baqubisene namaxesha anzima kodwa baphumelela - kunjalo nje baphumelela ngenene njengabavelisi abarhwebayo.
Sibone kufanelekile ukuseka iKlabhu ye-250 ton ukuze sivakalise impumezo yabo sebevelise ngaphezulu kwama-250 eetoni zokutya okuziinkozo ngonyaka ngamnye nabakufutshane kakhulu ekubizweni ngokuba "bangabavelisi abarhwebayo". Uninzi lwaba bavelisi baya kuba yinxalenye yenkqubo yethu kuphela kunyaka omnye nangaphezulu nokuba mibini kodwa inkqubela yabo kufuneka yamkelwe.
Inkqubo yophuhliso seyineminyaka emininzi isebenza, kananjalo iiGrain Trust, ngakumbi iMaize Trust iwandise kakhulu umthombo wobutyebi kuphuhliso lwabavelisi. Kuyakhathaza kakhulu ukufumanisa ukuba baba si-8 abavelisi kwabangeniswe kuluntu lwamafama abagqibela bengabavelisi benene, ukuze abavelisi abangama-26 babonakaliswe ngokumenywa njengamalungu eKlabhu ye-250 ton nje kuphela. Kukho izintlu ezahluka-hlukeneyo kwiKlabhu ye-250 ton kanti sinabavelisi aba-4 abavelisa ngaphezu kweetoni ezili-1 000, abasi-7 bavelisa ngaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-500 ukuze abangama-21 bavelise ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-250. Silungiselela ubukho besi siganeko ngonyaka ngamnye kanti sijonge phambili kwimibhiyozo yowama-2009.
<fn>PulaImvula. Commercial2.2008-11.xh.txt</fn>
Urhwebo nakweyiphi imigangatho!
UNico Vermaak (GrainSA), uBasie Ntsimane, uBoy Mokoena, uKarabo Peele, uPaul Morule, uJob Metswamere, uThando Lolwane, uJane McPherson (GrainSA), uGq Kobus Laubscher (GrainSA), uMoss Malo, uLepati Macaphasa, uJenny Mathews (uSihlalo weNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama: Iqela lomsebenzi).
Isicatshulwa esidubulayo: "Akukho namnye kuthi owaziyo amangomso Into ebalulekileyo kukusebenzisa inamhla ngobulumko nangokuqaphela, sijongane nengomso ngothakazelelo ngokonwaba nangengqiniseko yokuba siya kulungelelana noko likuzisayo".
Ngomhla wama-25 Septemba 2008, kumnyhadala obubanjelwe eNAMPO Park kufutshane eBothaville, iNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama ibhiyozele isiganeko esibalulekileyo - abavelisi abali-9 'abaphumelele izifundo zabo kwinkqubo yethu'.
Kwimo ekubhekiselelwe kuyo yaseMzantsi Afrika, ngokwemvelaphi yethu besisoloko sinabavelisi abarhwebayo 'abamhlophe', ukuze abavelisi abamnyama baziwe ngokuba 'ngabahlumayo', 'abaziphilisayo', 'abezixa ezincinci' okanye 'abasaphuhlayo'. Sibone ukuba lixesha elilungileyo lokuwonga abo bavelisi abaye baba ngabavelisi abarhweba ngokupheleleyo nangona bebequbisana neengxaki ezininzi endleleni yabo.
Kuthiwa, 'Imeko yobunzima yinto ebonisa ubunjani bamadoda', yiloo nto sithe sawonga abavelisi abathile ngomhla wama-25 Septemba 2008 kuba basibonise ukuba bangamadoda enene.
Inzuzo esezantsi yemveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo.
Imibandela enxulumene nomhlaba.
Izixokelelwano ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokuqesha umhlaba ngaphandle kokhuseleko.
Ukwabiwa ngokutsha komhlaba namabango.
Isixokelelwano sokudibanela umhlaba wengqesho neentandabuzo zaso neengxaki kubavelisi abarhwebayo.
Imo ecekethekileyo yomhlaba malunga neemfuneko ze-phosphate nezekalika.
Ixabiso eliphezulu loomatshini nolondolozo.
Isixokelelwano sokuthengisa esinobugocigoci nommandla wentengiso ovuleka nzima.
Ubunzima bokufikelela kwinkxaso-mali namatyala emveliso.
Ukunqongophala kweenkcukacha ezaneleyo, ulwazi nenkxaso.
Amashishini ezolimo - awaziwayo, i-MGK, i-NWK, i-VKB ne-OVK.
Xa sisithi aba bavelisi baphumelele ukuba kwiwonga lokuba 'ngabaVelisi abaRhwebayo' - ithetha ukuthini Yintoni le bayichanileyo?
Ukuqesha okulondolozekayo komhlaba.
Ukusebenzisa okulondolozekayo komhlaba.
Iitrektara, izixhobo zokulima, izixhobo zokusebenza noomatshini.
Ifama jikelele nolawulo lwamashishini.
UKarabo Peele, uThando Lolwane, uPaul Morule, uJob Metswamere, uLabious Manoto, uBoy Mokoena, uLepati Macaphasa, uBasie Ntsimane noMoss Malo. Bakuzuze oku ngenxa yesipho abanaso, ukusebenza nzima, ulwazi , ukuzimisela nokuzinikela - akukho ndlela inqumlayo kanti ukuba ufuna ukufikelela kwindawo asebekuyo, 'ungaze ungaze unikezele''!
<fn>PulaImvula. CommunicationMaize.2008-12.xh.txt</fn>
INkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama isoloko izabalazela ukunxibelelana nawe - mvelisi. Amajelo ahluka-hlukileyo, kubandakanywa ileta yeendaba yePula Imvula, usasazo kunomathotholo, iDVD, izazisi ezolulwa phezulu, izazisi ezixhonywayo kunye namacwecwe eenkcukacha asetyenziselwa ukufikelela kumvelisi.
Silungisa ileta yeendaba ngenyanga nganye, siyiphinda-phinde size siyisasaze (amaphepha asi-8, ngombala opheleleyo noneefoto), ngeelwimi ezisixhenxe - isiNgesi, isiBhulu, iSesotho, iSetswana, iSesotho sa Leboa, isiXhosa nesiZulu.
IPula Imvula ngumsebenzi oyilwayo onganqunyanyiswayo nonomjikelo wemveliso - amanqaku eendaba ayintsusa alungiswa ngesiNgesi, aze athunyelwe koochwepheshe beMisebenzi yeeNkcukacha apho kwenziwa khona umandlalo weleta yeendaba ebhalwe ngesiNgesi. La manqaku eendaba amiswa ngokolungiselelo oluchanekileyo nolufanele uguqulelo, ukuze athunyelwe kubaguquleli beelwimi abathandathu. Lo msebenzi uphinda ubuyiselwe koochwepheshe beMisebenzi yeeNkcukacha ukuze kwandlalelwe ezinye iilwimi. Emva kokuba sezamkelekile zonke, zithunyelwa kushicilelo nakulungiselelo lokuthunyelwa kwemigodlo. Lo mjikelo uthatha malunga neenyanga ezimbini ukuwugqiba.
Kulo nyaka siyandisile iPula Imvula ngokubandakanya ezinye izityalo - kanti sineentlelo zamaphepha amane ezongezelelweyo neziphuma ngekota ngoDisemba, ngoMatshi, ngoJuni nangoSeptemba ukwenzela Imveliso yeNgqolowa kwiFree State eseMpuma, nezithi zixhaswe yiTrust yeeSiriyeli zeNgqolowa (Winter Cereals Trust.) Kanti kubakho neentlelo zamaphepha amane zekota ezongezelelweyo neziphuma ngoJanyuwari, ngoEpreli, ngoJulayi nangoOktobha zemveliso kaJongilanga nezixhaswa yiTrust yoPhuhliso lweMbewu yeOyile neProtheyini (Oil and Protein Seeds Development Trust).
Ukuze iinkcukacha zeshishini zisasazwe kuwo onke amaqela anomdla nabandakanyeka kwinkqubo - baninzi abaphathi babavelisi nabesolulo phandle phaya abafuna ukwazi ngenkqubo, oko ikubandakanyayo nomntu abanokuqhagamshelana naye xa befuna ulwazi. (La macwecwe afanele ukufumaneka ngeelwimi ezisixhenxe).
Amacwecwe eenkcukacha alungiswe aze aphinda-phindwa kabini kwiilwimi ezisixhenxe (isiNgesi, isiBhulu, isiXhosa, isiZulu, iSesotho, iSetswana neSesotho sa Leboa). Iikopi zala macwecwe sezinikelwe kuzo zonke iiofisi zamaphondo kwaye sezinikwe onke amaqela anomdla. La macwecwe ebefumaneka eNAMPO kanti aya kuqhuba ukusetyenziswa kunyaka wonke uphelele.
Kuphuhliswe iDVD yemizuzu esibhozo kule nkqubo yaza yalungiselelwa ukusetyenziswa kwisithuba sonyaka. Ngethuba leNAMPO, simeme "abahlobo benkqubo" kwimiboniso yokuqala yeDVD nabathe basabela isimemo ngendlela encomeka kakhulu. Iikopi zeDVD zinikwe bonke abaququzeleli bophuhliso lwamaphondo ngokunjalo nabaqeqeshi kwaye ziboniswa rhoqo xa ithuba livuma. Kwenye intlanganiso yeqela lofundo-nzulu eFree State, uJohan Kriel wathi akubonisa le DVD abavelisi bacela ukuyibona amaxa amathathu - babevuyiswa kukubona ububanzi benkqubo.
Izazisi ezolulwa phezulu zisendleleni yokwenziwa kwaye ziya kusetyenziswa nguMphathi wePhondo ngamnye kwiintlanganiso zamaqela ofundo-nzulu nakwiintsuku zabavelisi.
Sisebenzisa usasazo kunomathotholo rhoqo ngeveki kwizkhululo ezine zikanomathotholo ukuze sigqithisele phambili iinkcukacha ngeshishini kwisiseko esibanzikazi sabamameli.
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Ngelishwa, kwiminyaka edlulileyo, umsebenzi wokufama uye wangathandeki ebantwini abatsha abaninzi eMzantsi Afrika njengezifundo zoqeqesho abazikhethayo. Kanti lusekho noluvo lokuba abekho abalimi abamnyama abarhwebayo abaqhuba kakuhle. Ngolu khutshiswano, sibonisa abantu ukuba bakhona abalimi abamnyama abanempumelelo, nokuthi abantu abasebenza nzima banako ukuphumelela.
Isiganeko se-gala apho kubhengezwa khona uMlimi woNyaka senzeka ngethuba lokunikwa kwale ngxelo, nangona abakwisigaba sokugqibela bachongwa kwithuba langaphambili. UMnu Samuel Moloi ovela eFouriesburg, uMnu Isak Khuto waseFicksburg noMnu Labious Manoto ovela eMooifontein yayingabo bobathathu babekwisigaba sokugqibela. Ogqwesileyo obefanelekile yaba nguMnu Labious Manoto ovela eMooifontein oseleneminyaka emininzi elilungu lale nkqubo yophuhliso. (Enyanisweni ulilungu leetoni ezili-1 000 zeKlabhu yeetoni ezingama-250 kwaye "seledlulile kwibanga" lale nkqubo yethu.) Ngoko ke, siye saqhuba ngokhutshiswano njengakwiminyaka edlulileyo. Bebesixhenxe abanyulwa kuMlimi osaPhuhlayo woNyaka. UMnu Philip Xaba ovela eBothaville, uMnu Lungile Malo waseDelareyville, uMnu Simon Mazwi waseMakouspan, uMnu Shimi Mokoka waseVanderbijlpark, uNksNolundi Msengana waseVanderbijlpark, uMnu William Matasane waseSenekal noMnu Samuel Moloi waseFouriesburg.
Amalungu esigqeba sovavanyo abegweba abagqatswa bebanga lokugqibela ngenyanga kaJuni kulo nyaka ibinguMnu Karabo Peele waseMaize Trust, uMnu Andre Smit waseLand Bank, uMnu Dirk van Rensburg (olilungu elithathe umhlala-phantsi leKomiti yesiGqeba saseGrain SA), uMnu Jabulani Zitha noNksk Jenny Mathews (amalungu ekomiti yesiGqeba saseGrain SA kunye neqela elisebenza kuPhuhliso lwamaFama), kunye namalungu abasebenzi abavela kwinkqubo (uJane McPherson, uWillie Kotze noDanie van den Berg). Abalingwa abavela eFree State bebencomeka ngakumbi, baze bobathathu abagqatswa bebanga lokugqibela baba ngabaseFree State. Eli lixesha lokuqala kwimbali yesi siganeko apho kungekho mgqatswa webanga lokugqibela ovela eMntla-Ntshona. Njengoko kuxeliwe kushicilelo lwangoDisemba lwePula/Imvula, ogqwesileyo ngowama-2009 kuMlimi osaPhuhlayo woNyaka waseGrain SA nguSamuel Moloi lwaseFouriesburg.
Siye sabamba ukhutshiswano loMlimi oMncinci woNyaka okokuqala kulo nyaka - oku kwenziwe eMpumalanga naseMpuma-Koloni. Bebebahlanu abalingwa abavela kwingingqi nganye kanti olu khutshiswano belugwetywa ngeveki enye naleyo yolunye ukhutshiswano. Kudala siyibonile imfuno yokunika amabhaso kubabalimi abaqhuba kakuhle naxa a belima umhlatyan omncinci kuphela. Sinethemba lokuvuselela abantu abaninzi ukuba baqalise nokuba benza into encinci kuwo nawuphi umhlaba abanokufikelela kuwo, balole ubuchule babo, ukuze bazibeke kwindawo yokwandisa ubukhulu bomsebenzi wabo.
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UMnu Jan Botha waseThaba'Patchoa uphakamise iinkxalabo eziliqela egameni labalimi abasaphuhlayo ngethuba leNkomfa yaseGrain SA ngomhla we-9 Matshi 2011. Ugqalisele kakhulu kwimiceli-mingeni abajongene nayo abalimi abasaphuhlayo kunye nokusilela kukarhulumente ekubancediseni.
"Njengabalimi abamnyama, sijongene nemiceli-mingeni efana naleyo yabalimi borhwebo kwaye njengakwiziganeko ezininzi le miceli-mingeni isibetha ngakumbi kuba asinanto sinayo esiyibekele ecaleni," utshilo uJan phambi kokuqhuba ngokunika imizekelo yeengxaki abajongene nazo nendlela urhulumente abaphoxe ngayo.
Inkxalabo yokuqala ayiphakamisileyo linqanaba elisezantsi lepH (ubumuncu) yomhlaba. Ukhankanye indlela kunyaka odlulileyo iDAFF eFree State ebithembise ngayo abalimi bayo ngekalika. Iimephu zeGPS zenziwa, zathathwa iisampulu, anikwa amacebiso, kwaqikelelwa izixa zekalika kanti nemali yayikhona kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Konke oku kwakusekwenziwe ngoMeyi 2010 kodwa ikalika ayikasasazwa nangoku emasimini. "Oku kusichaphazele isityalo sehlobo kunyaka odlulileyo kwaye kuza kuphinda kusichaphazele isityalo sengqolowa kulo nyaka," utshilo uJan.
Imeko emaxongo yoomatshini neetrektara ibe yinkxalabo yakhe yesibini. Uthethe ngendlea iGrain SA iye yenza uhlolo olucokisiweyo lweetrektara noomatshini babalimi abangama-42 eFree State yaza yacela iDAFF ukuba incedise abalimi ngezigidi eziR2,5 zeendleko zokukhanda. Oku kuye kwalunga ngomhla we-12 Matshi 2010 kodwa kude kube ngoku akukho nto yenzekileyo.
Inkxalabo yakhe elandelayo ibe ziikhonto ezonakeleyo nemisele yamanzi. "I-DAFF inenkqubo yoKhathalelo loMhlaba eyenza umsebenzi omhle, kodwa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwayo luncinci kakhulu kwaye umhlaba ukhukuliseka ngokukhawuleza kunokuba inokusebenza."
Uphinde wakhankanya isimo esimaxongo seendlela zeli lizwe nendlela embi esichaphazela ngayo abalimi, phambi kokugqithela kwingxaki yokutyisa okugqithiseleyo. "Ukutyisa okugqithiseleyo makulawulwe yiDAFF ngokusebenzisa inkqubo eyayisakwaziwa njengebodem beskerming," ucebise watsho uJan.
Ukusilela koomasipala ekulawuleni amasimi adityanelweyo nako kungene kuludwe lwakhe ngokunjalo nobunzima bokufumana iimali-mboleko zemveliso. UJan uchaze ukuba kunyaka odlulileyo ngama-25% kuphela amasimi abalimi abamnyama alinyiweyo kuba abalimi bengakwazi kufikelela kwiimali-mboleko zemveliso. Iinzuzo zincinci kakhulu azikufanelanga ukuboleka imali. IGrain SA yenze izicwangciso zoshishino zabalimi abali-52 abakwinkqubo ababefuna ukulima izityalo zasehlotyeni. Abalimi bebefuna ubonelelo lwethutyana ukuphumeza oku kodwa urhulumente zange asenze isigqibo malunga nalo mbandela. "Ama-27 000 eehektare zomhlaba ebenokulinywa ngaba balimi bamnyama - urhulumente khange ancede nganto, kodwa uthi uxhalabile ngokhuseleko lokutya."
UJan uphinde wakhankanya inkxalabo ngenyaniso yokuba abaphathi besolulo abakwazi kubanceda abalimi. "Abanamva omsebenzi wokufama, kwaye uninzi lwabo abayi nakwezo fama."
Umzekelo wokugqibela wokusilela kukarhulumente ekuhlangabezeni iinkxalabo zabalimi abasaphuhlayo ube ngumbandela weSebe lemiBandela yemiHlaba elinika abantu abangengobalimi umhlaba. "Abalimi benene baqhuba ngokutsala nzima kuba bengenamhlaba ongowabo, kodwa umhlaba unikwa abantu abangakwazi kuwusebenzisa."
UMnu Jan Botha ugqibezele intetho yakhe ngokucela uSihlalo weNkomfa ukuba agqithisele umyalezo wabo kumanqanaba angawona aphezulu karhulumente. "Akanancedo kubalimi abamnyama kwaye akukho ndlela yokuguqula eli candelo ngaphandle kokuba abonelele abantu ngeenkonzo," uphethe ngokutsho.
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Ngonyaka ngamnye iGrain SA iququzelela iNgqungquthela yonyaka eBothaville ngenyanga kaMatshi. Kulo nyaka, imihla yeNgqungquthela iza kuba ngowe-9 nowe-10 kuMatshi 2011.
Ngokwamalungiselelo eNgqungquthela, siza kubamba iingqungquthela ezincinci ezisixhenxe zamalungu aseGrain SA amaqela ofundo-nzulu - iintlanganiso zeenqila zibanjelwa amalungu arhwebayo aseGrain SA. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, sibambe iintlanganiso ezine kuphela zamafama asaphuhlayo, kodwa siqaphele ukuba ngamanye amaxesha kuba nzima kubalimi ukuhamba imigama emide esiya ezintlanganisweni.
Njengelungu elenze yonke intlawulo yeqela lofundo-nzulu laseGrain SA, uyamenywa ke ngoko ukuba uze entlanganisweni ekwindawo yakho, nelungiselelwe ngumququzeleli wephondo elinika inkonzo kwiqela lakho lofundo-nzulu.
Iintlanganiso zilungiselelwa ngendlela elandelayo: (eyona ndawo ithe ngqo uya kuphinda waziswe ngayo).
Yintoni efanele ukukwenzela yona iGrain SA, engumbutho wethu wemveliso, wena njengomlimi wezityalo eziziinkozo?
Ingaba iGrain SA izilungiselele ukujongana nekamva?
Kwiingqungquthela ezincinci, abalimi balungiselwa ukujongana neNgqungquthela kanti amalungu amaqela ofundo-nzulu anikwa ithuba lokunyula abameli bawo kwiNgqungquthela. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, siye sazama ukwahlula amalungu amaqela ofundo-nzulu ngokwaseMntla, eMzantsi, eMpumalanga naseNtshona, kodwa oku kuya ngokuba ngumceli-mngeni njengoko imida ingacacanga. Ukuze kwenziwe izinto zibe lula, senze isigqibo sokubamba intlanganiso kwinqila yephondo ngalinye lomququzeleli. Kuya kuvunyelwa abathunywa abangama-32 kwiNgqungquthela (ngokomgaqo-siseko waseGrainSA) ukuba aye kwiNgqungquthela eBothaville ngomhla we-9 nowe-10 Matshi 2011. Kwaba bathunywa bangama-32 abaya kwiNgqungquthela, kunokunyulwa abameli abane abaza kungena kwiKomiti yesiGqeba yaseGrain SA. Kweli nqaku kwiphepha lesihlanu, uya kufunda ngezihlomelo ezicetywayo zomgaqo-siseko.
Ngokwamava ethu, siphawule ukuba abantu ababanyulwa kulawulo lwesiGqeba abasoloko bengabalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo, ngenxa yoko basuka bangakwazi ukwenza igalelo elifuneka xa kuqhutywa iintlanganiso. Sinethemba lokuba abalimi baya kuvuma ukulunga-lungisa umgaqo-siseko ngendlela ecetywayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abalimi abasaphuhlayo banyula abameli abafanelekileyo abanika inkonzo kwiKomiti yesiGqeba. La malungu ekomiti mawabe nengqiqo ngecandelo elirhweba ngezityalo eziziinkozo ukuze anike igalelo kwiingxoxo nakuqulunqo lwemigaqo-nkqubo.
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Ulondolozo lomhlaba wethu - singenza ntoni?
Malunga nokhukuliseko lomhlaba oxabisekileyo wokulima waseMzantsi Afrika kunokutyholwa unqongophalo lolwazi lwabantu nokusetyenziswa komhlaba kakubi. Kubalulekile ukuba abalimi bafunde banzi ngokhukuliseko nolawulo loqukuqelo kwaye balwamkele uxanduva lokuthobela ngenene izenzo zolondolozo eziya kukhusela umhlaba.
"Ukuba abantu abanakusungula kwaye basebenzise iindlela zokuphatha umhlaba, neziya kulondoloza umthombo wobutyebi bobomi, kufuneka sijonge phambili kwelo xesha - nokuba likude kangakanani, kodwa elicacileyo, xa abantu esingabo, sebonakalise ilifa labo elikhulu, lide libe ngumhlaba ophelele emoyeni ngenxa yomonakalo abawenzileyo." NguNjingalwazi N.S. Shaler kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard, 1896.
Loo mazwi ayebhalwe ngowe-1896; kodwa namhla asinakuyiphikisa loo ngxaki. U-Dalai Lama uphawula ukhukuliseko lomhlaba njengentlekele eyothusayo kodwa nantso isichwechwela njengesela elithe cwaka.
"Isoyikiso sezixhobo zokulwa ngesazulu see-athomi nesakhono somntu sokutshabalalisa ubume bemeko obumngqongileyo sothusa kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, kukho nezinye iinguquko ezingathi aziqondakali kakuhle. Ndikhumbula ukuphelelwa kwemithobo yethu yobutyebi bendalo ngakumbi ngenxa yokhukuliseko lomhlaba kwaye mhlawumbi ubungozi bezi ziganeko buthe chatha kuba mhla saqalisa ukubona iziphumo zazo liya kuba selisishiye kakhulu ixesha." (Iphepha le-144 leNcwadi eNcinci kaDalai Lama ngoXolo lwangaPhakathi - Dalai Lama's Little Book of Inner Peace: 2002, Element Books, London).
Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba yinkqubo eyindalo, kodwa ingxaki kukuba izenzo zomntu zikholisa ukonakalisa ngokukhawulezisa kunaxa bekunokwenzeka ngendalo. Xa umhlaba utshayeleka emasimini athile okanye efama, uhamba nezondlo ezixabisekileyo, izichumiso, izibulali-zinambuzane kunye nezinto eziyindalo ezikuwo. Abalimi abanakuyithwala ilahleko yemali okanye iziphumo ezibi kubume bemeko ebangqongileyo ngokuvumela umhlaba ukuba utshayeleke okanye uphaphatheke.
Ufundo-nzulu lubonise ukuba ilahleko yomhlaba ngonyaka ngamnye eMzantsi Afrika ininzi kangangeetoni ezizigidi ezingamakhulu ama-300 ukuya kuma-400 enokubalwa phantse kangangeetoni ezintathu ngehektare nganye. Ixabiso lezondlo ezisemhlabeni nezichumiso ezihlanjelwa elwandle yimilambo yaseMzantsi Afrika ngonyaka ngamnye zilingana nezigidi ekunzima ukuzibala zezigidi zeerandi. Ngetoni nganye yemveliso yezolimo efana nombona, ingqolowa, amazimba neswekile, uMzantsi Afrika ulahlekelwa ngumyinge weetoni zomhlaba ezingama-20. Umbutho we-Food and Agricultural Organisation weZizwe eziManyeneyo zaseMelika uqikelela ukuba ilahleko yehlabathi yamasimi emveliso eyeniwa lukhukuliseko ziihektare ezizigidi ezihlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe ngonyaka ngamnye. (Kuvela kwiEnviro Facts, kwiyYnivesithi yaseNtshona-Koloni).
UMzantsi Afrika lilizwe eliphantse ukubharha. Amanzi ahlaziyekileyo ngowona mthombo wobutyebi onothintelo olukhulu. Ubukho bamanzi ngoku nakwixesha elizayo buxhomekeke ubukhulu becala kwimozulu, kwizenzo zokusetyenziswa kwamanzi nolawulo lwawo nasekusetyenzisweni komhlaba. Ngenxa yokuba amanzi ayimveliso enqabileyo, kubalulekile ukuba abalimi basebenzise iindlela ezibalaseleyo zolondolozo kangangoko banako. Imvula ena kakhulu kuwo nawaphi amathambeka ibangela iintanda (ukucandeka okunzulu kumphezulu wentsimi elinyiweyo) nokhukuliseko lomhlaba oluxhalabisayo nokutshayeleka okunokwenzeka.
Ukulima ngokweekhonto kukholisa ukwenziwa emasimini asemathambekeni apho kulinywa khona izityalo eziveliswa ngonyaka. Yindlela athi umlimi enze amaqolo nemisele ngexesha lokulima nokutyala, ukuze aguqule intsingiselo yokutshayelekayo ukuba kungehli ngqo ukuya ezantsi ethambekeni kuze kuxande ethambekeni kangangoko kunako. Izenzo zokulima kwiikhonto zithintela ukuqukuqela kwamanzi okugqithisileyo kuba yonke imiqolo iya kujika ixananaze ethambekeni kanti imisele yona iya kujika ngokwegophe lamasimi. Le miqolo ekwikhonto ithintela kwaye icothisisa ukuqukuqela kwamanzi emva kwemvula kanti nomhlaba ukwanikwa ithuba lokufunxa isixa esithile samanzi.
Nokwandisa ukuhluzeka kwamanzi.
Ezinye izenzo zolondolozo zikhatshwa ziinkcitho zemali kodwa izivuno ziye zincomeke, njengesiphumo sokwenza iikhonto ezigcina umhlaba ongaphezulu namanzi axabisekileyo, senzo eso esiya kuthintela iilahleko zamathuba amafutshane kwiminyaka embalwa enokuba mibini okanye mithathu. Ufundo-nzulu lubonise ukuba ukwenza iikhonto kunako ukwandisa izivuno ngeepesenti ezintlanu ukuya kwezilishumi kanti iindleko zamafutha anika amandla nezoomatshini ziyehla, xa kuthelekiswa nentsimi elinywe ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi ethambekeni.
Izenzo zokulima ngokweekhonto ziyakhuthazwa ziingcaphephe zolondolozo lomhlaba njengenye yeendlela zokusombulula ingxaki ekhulayo yokhukuliseko lomhlaba. Isixa somhlaba olahlekileyo sixhomekeke kwinkqubo yokulima elandelwa ngumlimi. Iziphumo ezizezona ziphucukileyo zifunyaniswe apho kungasetyenziswa zindlela zokulima ngokwesiqhelo kuba apho kufumaneke eyona lahleko incinci yomhlaba nezona pesenti ziphantsi zamanzi aqukuqelayo. Xa kungekho kulima ngokwesiqhelo, umhlaba awuphazamiseki kanti imbewu yesityalo esitsha ityalwa ukuze igqobhoze isigcina-kufuma nezikhondwana ezishiyeke kwisityalo ebesilinywe mva.
Ngokuqinisekileyo iindlela ezisetyenziswayo mazilungiselelwe ukuba zifaneleke kangangoko kumasimi ahluka-hlukeneyo kwifama nganye kanti isicwangciso ngasinye solondolozo masihlangabezane neenjongo zomlimi ngamnye. Izenzo zolondolozo ezifana nokulima ngokweekhonto zivumela ukususwa okukhuselekileyo kwamanzi angasetyenziswayo agwantye entsimini kanti zikwanika ukhuseleko kwimimoya eyonakalisayo. Nangona kunjalo, isicwangciso solondolozo esilungileyo kananjalo masibandakanye ukusetyenziswa kwezichumiso ngobulumko (nokuba zezithengwayo okanye ezomgquba wemfuyo), ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza ebulala izitshabalalisi zezityalo, ukomeleza izidalwa eziyindalo ezihlala kuwo nokulondoloza amanzi emasimini. Ulondolozo luya kukhusela amasimi kuze kuphucule isiseko sawo semveliso. Kwakhona lukwandisa ixabiso lamasimi.
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo buyafuneka ubungcali bexabiso elithile kanti nobuchule bobunjineli kwezolimo xa kuqaliswa ngokwenza isicwangciso naxa kusekwa iikhonto.
Nokufumaneka kwimida ephakathi kweekhonto, umzekelo amaqolo, imisele okanye imicu yamadlelo anengca.
Kufuneka sithethe nabo bezixokelelwano ezinika inkxaso zikarhulumente, iSebe lezoLimo namagosa esolulo afanele ukuncedisa abalimi ngolwazi nangezakhono zobuchule malunga nokukhathalelwa kwamasimi.
Njengabalimi kufuneka siyamkele indima yethu njengabagcini bomhlaba nabemithombo yobutyebi bendalo exabisekileyo yelizwe lethu. Kufuneka sikuqaphele esikufumana emhlabeni neempembelelo zokufumana oko kuwo. Omnye wabalimi abaphambili kummandla waseRustenburg, uKarabo Phele, uphendule ngobekuphawulwa malunga nendlela anethamsanqa ngayo ukuba akwazi ukufumana izivuno zomgangatho ophezulu zikajongilanga engakhange agalele zichumiso kuloo mhlaba wezigaqa ezimnyama ofumaneka apho, "Xa kukho ulutho olusuka emhlabeni, ngonyaka ngamnye, nokuba mhle kangakanani, xa ungakhe ube nento ebuyiselwayo kuwo, uyakuxozeka kwaye mhlawumbi wena okanye izizukulwana zexesha elizayo niya kufumanisa ukuba umhlaba awusakwazi kunika oko wawukhe wanako".
Amasimi amahle okulima alahlekelwa ngumhlaba oxabisekileyo ongaphezulu kunye nesakhono saloo mihlaba sokunika imbuyiselo siyetha kanti nomlimi usoloko etsala nzima ukufumana ukutya okulungileyo kuloo masimi. Ukhukuliseko nokulahleka kokuchuma komhlaba kukhokelela umhlaba ekufeni! Asiyondalo kodwa nguMntu owenza intlango. Ulondolozo lomhlaba wethu nemithombo yobutyebi bamanzi lubaluleke kangangoko ekuphileni kouqoqosho lwethu nasekuphileni komntu!
<fn>PulaImvula. Constitution(maize).2011-02-08.xh.txt</fn>
Izilungiso ezicetyiswayo zomgaqo-siseko (umelo kumaqela okusebenza, isiGqeba neNgqungquthela malunga nabalimi abasahlumayo) ziya kuphakanyiswa kwiNgqungquthela kaMatshi 2011.
Amaqela ofundo-nzulu (abalimi abangarhwebiyo) aya kunyula abathunywa abaya kungena kwiQela lokuSebenza kuPhuhliso lwamaFama ingekuko kwiNgqungquthela.
IKlabhu yeeToni ezingama-250 (abalimi abamnyama abarhwebayo) iya kunyula abathunywa abaya kungena kwiNgqungquthela apho amalungu amane amnyama esiGqeba aya kukhethwa khona phakathi kwawo.
Injongo yokuthunyelwa kwamalungu eKlabhu yeeToni ezingama-250 kwiNgqungquthela neyokunyula amalungu angena kwisiGqeba phakathi kwawo kukuqinisekisa ukuba abalimi abamnyama abarhweba ngezityalo eziziinkozo bayaya kwiNgqungquthela kwaye banenxaxheba kwisiGqeba kungabi ngabantu abangengobalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo abaphambili. Isiqinisekiso sokuthatha inxaxheba kwiQela lokuSebenza, kwiNgqungquthela nakwisiGqeba, nangona kunjalo, siya kuqhuba ngokusekwa emsebenzini wokuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo.
Kuya kunyulwa abameli ababini bofundo-nzulu ngendawo nganye yeenkonzo zee-ofisi zeemimandla, ngethuba leentlanganiso zemimandla ezibanjwa ngonyaka ngamnye phambi kweNgqungquthela, ukuba zinike inkonzo kwiqela lokusebenza kuphuhliso lwamafama. Ithuba lesikhundla se-ofisi saba bameli beQela loFundo-nzulu kwiQela lokuSebenza liya kuba ngunyaka omnye, kwaye aba bantu baya kuba nemfanelo yokuphinda banyulwe kwithuba lenkonzo elilandela ithuba lonyaka.
IsiGqeba sahlule indawo elima izityalo eziziinkozo kwiriphablikhi ngokwemimandla esempuma nesentshona, ukuze iN1 emantla/emazantsi ibe ngumda ophakathi kwale mimandla mibini, eqinisekiswe yiNgqungquthela. Oko kwenziwa kuba ulwahlukaniso lwemimandla lunako ukulunga-lungiswa yiNgqungquthela kumaxesha ngamaxesha, ngokwengcebiso yesiGqeba, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ulwahlukaniso lwemimandla lunokusebenziseka kangangoko ngokuphathelene nemidla yabo bonke abalimi abasahlumayo bezityalo eziziinkozo esizweni.
AmaQela oFundo-nzulu abunjwe kummandla osempuma nosentshona ngokwemigqaliselo ekwinqaku lesi-7.7. IQela loFundo-nzulu ngalinye lihlanganiselwe ngamalungu eQela loFundo-nzulu ali-10 (ishumi) obona buncinci, alima izityalo eziziinkozo kummandla lowo. Ilungu leQela loFundo-nzulu kufuneka libe kwiqela elinye kuphela lofundo-nzulu.
Inqaku lama-25.3 eliphathelene nabathunywa babalimi abamnyama abarhweba ngezityalo eziziinkozo abangena kwiNgqungquthela, abathunywa abangama-32 (amashumi amathathu anesibini) liya kunikwa indawo. Aba bathunywa abasayi kusekwa ngokwemveliso okanye ngokwentlawulo yerhafu yemveliso yemimandla yabo. IKlabhu yeeToni ezingama-250 iya kubanyula qho ngonyaka abathunywa abangama-32 (amashumi amathathu anesibini) ukuba bangene kwiNgqungquthela, entlanganisweni ephambi kweNgqungquthela. Abathunywa abali-16 (abalishumi elinesithandathu) baya kunyulwa kwindawo yenkonzo esentshona (ekubhekiselelwa kuyo kwinqaku le-7.7). Abathunywa abatyunjelwe kwiNgqungquthela kufuneka banelise iziqinisekiso zemfanelo yokuba lilungu njengoko igqaliselwe kwinqaku le-5.1.4.
Inqaku le-11.3 abameli aba-4 (abane) abamele imidla yabalimi abamnyama abarhweba ngezityalo eziziinkozo kunye namaqela ofundo-nzulu kwiindawo zenkonzo ezisempuma nasentshona (njengoko kunjalo kwinqaku lesi-7.7). amalungu ama-2 (amabini) kwiindawo zenkonzo ezisempuma namalungu ama-2 (amabini) kwiindawo zenkonzo ezisentshona aya kutyunjwa ngethuba leNgqungquthela ngabathunywa bezi ndawo zezi nkonzo kwaye aya kunyulwa ngabo ngokusebenzisa iphepha lokuvota. Ilungu eli-1 (elinye) leendawo enkonzo lasempuma nelungu eli-1 (elinye) leendawo zenkonzo lasentshona qho ngonyaka.
La malungu ma-4 (mane) esiGqeba aya kunika inkonzo ngenxa yesikhundla sawo kwiqela lokusebenza kuphuhliso lwamafama.
13.3 ngokubhekiselele kumalungu akhankanywe kwinqaku le-11.2 nele-11.
Qaphela: Ngoko ke, kuphakanyiswa ukuba imfuneko ekwinqaku le-13.3 iya kusebenziseka kubalimi abamnyama abarhwebayo kunye nabo balimi bamnyama abarhwebayo abakwisiGqeba. Eminye imigqaliselo malunga nesiqinisekiso semfanelo yokuba ngamalungu esiGqeba iya kugcinwa.
Amalungu eKlabhu yeeToni ezingama-250 (abalimi bamnyama abarhwebayo).
5.1.4.3 Aphakamisa iinjongo zeGSA, aya kuba nesiqinisekiso semfanelo yokuba ngamalungu eGSA.
Imfanelo yokuba lilungu iya kufunyanwa ngokomgaqo owandlalwe kwimiGqaliselo. Abathunywa beKlabhu yeeToni ezingama-250 abaya kwiNgqungquthela baya kufumana ilungelo lokuvota.
5.2 Ilungu elikhankanywe kwinqaku le-5.1.1, 5.1.2, 5.1.3 nele-5.1.4, liya kugcina imfanelo yokuba lilungu leGSA kuluhlu olunye kuphela kwizintlu zokuba lilungu ezikhankanywe kwinqaku le- 5.1.
<fn>PulaImvula. ConsumptionMaize.2009-09.xh.txt</fn>
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi - ukunkcenkcesha kukuchaphazela njani?
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokwezahlulo nezixa ezifunekayo kunikwa liSebe leMibandela yaManzi namaHlathi. Iinkcukacha zezibalo zonyaka wama-2000 zabasebenzisi abalandelayo abaphambili baseMzantsi Afrika ziboniswe ngezantsi. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kubalulwa njengezigidi zee-cubic metres ngonyaka.
Kucacile ukuba unkcenkcesho kwezolimo lusebenzisa phantse isiqingatha semithombo yamanzi akhoyo. Ngenxa yokwanda kwamanani abantu ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-47 yinto enokwenzeka ukuba eli candelo linokuba phantsi koxinzelelo olwandayo lokusebenzisa amanzi ngokungqongqo ngokowiso-mthetho nangezizathu zokwenza imveliso kuphela. Kuqikelelwa ukuba imithombo yamanzi yaseMzantsi Afrika iphuhliswe kangangoko singako isakhono sayo nokuthi uphuhliso olungaphaya kolo luya kuba nexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu.
Malunga neehektare ezizizigidi ezingama-1,3 zomhlaba olinywayo waseMzantsi Afrika kwithuba langoku ziyankcenkceshwa lo gama ezinye iihektare ezingama-233 600 zinesakhono sokuphuhliswa. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngenxa yokunqaba kwamanzi zimalunga nama-178 000 iihektare eziya kuphuhliswa ngale ndlela kwixesha elizayo. Imveliso yombona emalunga nama-660 000 eetoni kwiihektare ezingama-110 000 zomhlaba onkcenkceshwayo zenza i-10% yazo zonke izityalo zesizwe ezilinywa ngokuzinkcenkcesha.
<fn>PulaImvula. ContractingMaize.2008-10.xh.txt</fn>
Umvelisi osebenzisa wena njengombhambathiswa unezinto ezithile azilindeleyo malunga nomsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe. Wena, njengombhambathiswa unoxanduva malunga nomvelisi wena oxhomekeke kwishishini lakhe ekugqibeleni.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba konke ukulinywa komhlaba kujoliswe ekulungiseni intsimi ukuze kutyalwe izityalo.
Ukuba imeko ebambekayo yomhlaba ayikhuthazi ukwenziwa komsebenzi ngokufanelekileyo, ngoko ke kuxhomekeke kumbhambathiswa ukukuxela oku kumvelisi kunokuba enze umsebenzi ombi kanti usalindele nokuhlawulwa. Umhlaba ongalungiswanga kakuhle uya kuba nenkcitho yemali kumvelisi kodwa ube ungenakumqinisekisa ngesityalo esilandelayo. Ukuba umvelisi akakwazi kwenza iinzuzo ngokulima, umbhambathiswa uya kuphulukana nempangelo.
Ukulima ekuqaliswa ngako kulandela ukuvunwa kwesityalo sangaphambili. Kwiindawo zemvula yasehlotyeni apho kufuneka kulinywe khona isityalo sasebusika (umzk. ingqolowa), kuxhomekeke kwindawo elinywayo, kucetyiswa ukuba umsebenzi wokulima ekuqaliswa ngako wenziwe msinyane kangangoko emva kokuvunwa kwesityalo sengqolowa sethuba langaphambili. Esi senzo siqinisekisa ukuba imvula eqhelekileyo yehlobo ingenelela emhlabeni ithuba liselihle kangangoko.
Emva kokuvunwa kwezityalo zehlobo (umzk. umbona), into engxamisekileyo inye kuphela kukusebenza intsimi phambi kokuqalisa kweemvula zentlakohlaza, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imvula iyakwazi ukungenelela emhlabeni ukulungiselela ixesha lonyaka elilandelayo lokutyala. Ngesityalo ngasinye esithile kummandla ngamnye owahlukileyo, kukho ixesha elifanelekileyo lokutyala. Ukutyala ngexesha elilungileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yesityalo. Ukulima okwandulela ukutyala makwenziwe ukuze intsimi ilungele ukutyala ngexesha elicwangciselweyo.
Umbhambathiswa olungileyo uyiqonda ngokuncomekayo indlela yokusebenza kwindawo ethile kwaye ikwaluxavunda lombhambathiswa ukwazisa umvelisi xa ixesha selihambe kakhulu, okanye xa iimeko zingakufanelanga ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ethile. Akukho mntu uthanda ukutyala isityalo xa selihambile ixesha njengoko imingcipheko eyahluka-hlukileyo (umzk. iqabaka okanye imbalela xa kubumbeka amanquma) yenza ukuba umvelisi angakwazi ukwenza inzuzo. Umbhambathiswa oqhubayo ngokutyala emva kwexesha elisikiweyo wonakalisa ishishini lomvelisi kunye nelakhe.
Asiyonto inokwenzeka ukuseka imimiselo ngomsebenzi ngamnye kwindawo nganye. Imisebenzi efunekayo makuvunyelwane ngayo ngumvelisi nangumbhambathiswa phambi kokwenziwa komsebenzi. Umzekelo, ukuba umvelisi ufuna ukuba umbhambathiswa alime inani elithile leehektare ukufikelela kubunzulu obuthile, oku kuqondakale ngokucacileyo kuwo omabini amaqela kanti kukhethwa ukuba kubandakanywe kubhambathiso - umzk. kusenokuba ziihektare ezingama-30 ukufikelela kubunzulu bama-300 mm.
Ukutyala kubhambathiso kunemimiselo engqale kakhulu. Umvelisi uya kufuna inani elithile lezityalo ngehektare nganye ngokunjalo nokufakwa kwenani elithile lee-kg zesichumiso ngehektare nganye. Kubaluleke kangangoko ukuba umbhambathiswa aqinisekise ukuba le mimiselo iphunyeziwe - impumelelo yesityalo xhomekeke ubukhulu becala ekuchanekenikokutyala. Umbhambathiswa ke ngoko, makazixhobise ukuze aqiniseke ukuba uyahlangabezana nemimiselo efunekayo.
Malunga nokutshiza ngobhambathiso kukwabaluleke kangangoko ukuba izibalo zenziwe ngokuchanekileyo - isixa setyhefu esichanekileyo ngehektare nganye kananjalo isixa esichanekilyo samanzi ngehektare nganye.
Xa kuthethwa gabalala, ababhambathiswa banomkhwa wokufuna ukuthembisa ukwenza umsebenzi ongaphezu kwamandla abo kwixesha elifanelekileyo nangokommiselo ofunekayo. Le nto yenziwa kukuba kumbhambathiswa, xa ethe wasebenza uchatha weehektare, ufumana uchatha wengeniso. Oku kuyingozi kuba xa umxumi edanisiwe (umxumi ke ngumvelisi) akasayi kumsebenzisa loo mbhambathiswa kwixesha elizayo.
Kukho izithethe ezamkeleke gabalala ezinokusetyenziselwa ukubala ukuba zingaphi iihektare ezinokwenziwa yitrektara, mhlawumbi nesinye isixhobo, ngemini enye (Itheyibhile 1).
Iindleko zemisebenzi ziba yinto enobugocigoci njengoko kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeendleko ezifanele ukubandakanywa kwisibalo. Oomatshini kufuneka bathengwe (inkcitho yemali eyinkunzi) ukuze emva koko ilondolozwe.
Itrektara nganye nesixhobo esihamba nayo zinobude bobomi obulindelekileyo xa zilondolozwa kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokwemimiselo efanelekileyo, ukuze emva koko kufakwe ezinye endaweni yazo okanye zifumane ukukhandwa okubanzi. Ngenxa yeenjongo zengxoxo, ishishini linemimiselo ethile umzk. ubomi betrektara bubalelwa kwiminyaka eli-12 (iiyure ezili-1 000 zomsebenzi ngonyaka kwithuba leeyure ezingama-12 000 = 12 iminyaka). Le mimiselo iqikelelwa ngokokuyilwa koomatshini nangokwamava obude bobomi entsimini. Xa kubalwa iindleko zetrektara zemali eyinkunzi, iindleko zokuqala zahlula-hlulwa ngokweenxalenye ezili-12 - inxalenye enye ngonyaka ngamnye wobomi betrektara.
Ngaphaya koko, kucingeleka ngenxa yeenjongo zokubala, ukuba imali esetyenziselwe ukuthenga itrektara ibibolekiwe kwaye inzala kwisixa semali eyinkunzi naso sikwayinxalenye yesibalo seendleko ngehektare nganye.
Oku kunamandla eempembelelo ezinobuzaza kakhulu kwisixa somsebenzi onokwenziwa ngenyanga. Into ekufuneka ukuba mayisoloko ikhunjulwa kukuba umsebenzi wokufama usesichengeni sezi ngxaki - amandla eempembelelo zemvula emsebenzini wombhambathiswa awanakuncitshiswa. Kulahleka iintsuku ezininzi kwithuba lonyaka ngenxa yeentsuku zemvula, neentsuku apho umhlaba sukuba umanzi kangangokuba ungabi nakusebenzeka.
Zidibanise nesikhululo sendawo yakho semozulu (ARC for Soil, Climate and Water ePitoli apha (012) 310-2500 uze uthethe noDerick Vermaak).
Lo ngomnye wemiba ebaluleke kakhulu kubhambathiso. Khumbula ukuba xa oomatshini bemile, abaphuki -kuxa besebenza, apho kuqokelelana khona uxinzelelo xa oomatshini besebenza ngokwesakhono sabo esipheleleyo, iinxalenye ezonakalayo kuba lula kuzo ukwaphuka. Yiloo nto kubaluleke kakhulu kangako ukwenza ulondolozo lothintelo kubo bonke oomatshini ngamaxesha azolileyo.
Xa wena njengombhambathiswa ubala inani leehektare oya kuzisebenza kwixesha lonyaka elizayo, khumbula ukwenza ulungiselelo lweentsuku ezilahleka ngenxa yokwaphuka.
Asiyonto ixhaphake kakhulu ukuba abantu basayine izibhambathiso ezibhaliweyo ngenxa yokuba mininzi imiba enokuba nendima - umzk. ukwaphuka neemozulu nezinye izenzo zikaThixo. Ubhambathiso kufuneka lubhalwe ngamazwi ayeke-yeke ukuze luvumele ezi meko ezingenakubonwa kwangaphambili - kanti ngenxa yenyaniso yokuba amazwi alo eyeke-yeke oko kwenza ukuba omabini amaqela akwazi ukuphuma kwisivumelwano.
Izibhambathiso zolu hlobo zisenokuba zizivumelwano zomlomo, okanye ukuzinikela ngenjongo. Omabini amaqela avumelana ngomsebenzi othile ekufuneka wenziwe ngexabiso elithile.
Omnye wemimandla enokudala ungquzulwano phakathi komvelisi nombhambathiswa yingqikelelo yobukhulu bamasimi. Umvelisi yena unomdla wokucutha inani leehektare lo gama umbhambathiswa yena enomdla wokwandisa iihektare.
Ubukhulu bamasimi kufuneka buqikelelwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuze kunqandwe iingxaki. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-GPS kwenze ingqikelelo yobukhulu bentsimi kwaba lula kakhulu kwaye ayinampazamo kwaphela. Nangona kunjalo, asingabo bonke abantu abanokufikelela kweli qondo lezobugcisa. Zikhona iindlela ezingenabugocigoci zokuqikelela ubukhulu bamasimi ngokusebenzisa izibalo zendawo ezisisiseko.
UMnu JP le Roux wasePitoli wenze ufundo-nzulu ngeendleko zoomatshini kwaye uhlanganisele incwadi yesikhokelo enobucukubhede neneenkcukacha ezimalunga nokusetyenziswa koomatshini. Le ncwadi yesikhokelo ibonwa njengesiseko esivakala kakuhle ekunokuxoxelwa phezu kwaso ngomba weendleko phambi kokuthatha izigqibo. UMnu Koos le Roux kunokuqhagamshelwana naye apha (012) 998-2803, okanye 082 828 9531, okanye ngedilesi ye-email koosleroux@absamail.co.za.
Makuqatshelwe ukuba kwizibalo zakhe ubandakanya iindleko ezingqalileyo nezingangqalanga, kodwa akazibandakanyi iindleko zabasebenzi nalo naliphi ibhaso elinikwa umbhambathiswa, ngokunjalo nokuthuthwa kwezixhobo xa zisisiwa kwisiza esitsha - umda wenzuzo kufuneka nawo wongezwe kumanani aqikelelweyo, kunye nabasebenzi kunye neendleko zothutho phakathi kweziza zobhambathiso.
<fn>PulaImvula. Crop(maize).2011-04-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ikomiti yesiZwe yeeNgqikelelo zeziTyalo ikhupha amanani ukuba afumaneke kumabakala ahluka-hlukeneyo kumaxesha onyaka okukhulisa izityalo nto leyo enika ingqikelelo yezityalo entsimini ngelo xesha. Ezi ngqikelelo zesityalo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufunyanisweni kwexabiso leso sityalo.
Yintoni iingqikelelo zesityalo?
IGrain SA inengqiqo yokuba iingqikelelo zesityalo zingumbandela ongacacanga kakuhle. Kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukuqiqa okuhluzekileyo malunga nendima kunye nomsebenzi wekomiti yesiZwe yeeNgqikelelo zeziTyalo phambi kokunika amacebiso ngeenguqulelo ezinokuqhuba ngokuba neempembelelo ezingafunekiyo kubalimi.
Mayikhunjulwe into yokuba iKomiti yesiZwe yeeNgqikelelo zeziTyalo yenza ingqikelelo yesityalo siphelele ingekuko kuphela okunikelwa kummandla worhwebo. Ngaphaya koko yinto engenakwenzeka ukufumanisa ububanzi bomhlaba olinyiweyo ngokunjalo nesivuno esiya kufunyanwa - kwenziwa ingqikelelo kuphela. Umgangatho wengqikelelo unokulunga kuphela xa abo bathabatha inxaxheba kuququzelelo lolwazi besebenza kakuhle. Owona mthombo mkhulu wolwazi isekwangabo abalimi.
Ngoobani iKomiti yesiZwe yeeNgqikelelo zeziTyalo (National Crop Estimates Committee - CEC)?
Malunga nabalimi abangama- 3 000 abasebenzisana nayo bathumele ulwazi kwikomiti qho ngenyanga.
Amaziko angala, i-Spatial Intel ne-Geoterra Image aqikelela indawo elinywe isityalo ngokusebenzisa intelekelelo ye-satellite (isipheke-pheke esijikelezayo).
Iziko le-ARC lezityalo eziziinkozo ngokunjalo neZiko leeNkozo eziNcinci asebenza ngeenkcukacha zobalo lwamanani nokukhetha njengeqashiso ngokusebenzisana nabalimi.
Abameli bamaSebe amaPhondo ezoLimo abanika ulwazi ngesimo kwimimandla yemveliso.
Amashishini ezolimo enza ezawo iingqikelelo zezityalo kwimimandla yawo. Olu lwazi lunikwa i-CEC kodwa imimandla yawo elinyiweyo ayisetyenziswa kwezo ngqikelelo.
IsiGqeba sabaBhexeshi kwezoBalo lwamaNani seSebe lesiZwe sezoLimo esiqokelela ulwazi, siqhubela phambili ezo nkcukacha ukuze senze iingqikelelo zaseburhulumenteni.
Ukuba i-CEC inokuyeka ukwenza iingqikelelo, ingaba akusayi kubakho zingqikelelo zesizwe zezityalo ezenziwayo na Impendulo yalo mbuzo ithi, akunjalo kuba eminye imibutho iya kuzenza iingqikelelo ntonje akusayi kucaca ukuba zezikabani iingqikelelo ezichanekileyo?
Ingaba i-CEC izimele okanye ingaba ifumana iimpembelelo kwabanye abadlali-ndima kweli shishini Kunzima ukuba ubani asuke aphembelele i-CEC njengoko beliqela abadlali-ndima abazimeleyo abanegalelo xa bebonke ekunyanisekisweni kolwazi?
Luthini uluvo lweGrain SA?
Ingqikelelo yendima elinyiweyo neyezityalo ezimeleyo, echanekileyo, neyenziwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo iyimfuneko ukwenzela ukusebenza okuchanekileyo kwemimandla yentengiso yokutya okuziinkozo.
Abalimi, iKomiti yesiZwe yeeNgqikelelo zeziTyalo nabanye abadlali-ndima mabasebenzisane ukuze bakuphumeze oku.
Amalungu eGrain SA kunye nabo bonke abanye abalimi mawakhuthazwe ukunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo, alunike rhoqo kwaye qho.
<fn>PulaImvula. CropMaize.2009-04.xh.txt</fn>
UMzantsi Afrika lilizwe apho ama-90% ommandla wethu womhlaba uhlelwa njengomhlaba obharhileyo okanye ophantse ukubharhileyo. Umsebenzi wokulima wenziwa phandle ngaphandle kwaxa ukunkcenkcesha kunako ukwenzeka, umsebenzi wokuvelisa uxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu - imvula, ukukhanya kwelanga, iqabaka, ikhephu, isichotHo nemimoya. Kubalulekile ukuba umvelisi ngamnye athathele ingqalelo imozulu neminye imingcipheko kumsebenzi wemveliso ophathekayo.
Umsebenzi wokufama lishishini kwaye ishishini liya kuphila kuphela kwithuba elide xa iinzuzo zifumaneka ngonyaka ngamnye, xa kusakhiwa imithombo elondoloziweyo yeshishini. Inzuzo ayinakuqinisekiswa kwaye isigqibo sotyalomali kulo naliphi ishishini lezolimo sisekwa kuvavanyo lwayo yonke imingcipheko ebandakanyeka kumsebenzi wemveliso.
Ukuqiqa ngesakhono semithombo yemveliso.
Nciphisa amathuba esiganeko esibi. Ithuba lesiphumo esibi linokuncitshiswa ngokukhetha iintlobo zemihlanganisela ezingaphezu komnye, izityalo ezingaphezu kwesinye, ukunabisaa imveliso ngokwelizwe nangokubeka ixabiso lesityalo elisisigxina.
Shenxisa umngcipheko ngokuthatha ukhuselo lweinshorensi nesibhambathiso saphambi kwexesha.
Nciphisa okanye phungula umngcipheko ngokucutha amandla eempembelelo xa isiphumo esibi sinokuthi senzeke ngenene.
Umgaqo-siseko weinshorensi njengesixhobo sokwabelana ngomngcipheko lulwamkelo lwezavenga ezifanelekileyo ezivela kubaxhasi abaninzi, onika isakhono kwiqumrhu leinshorensi ukuba liqukanise ndawonye imingcipheko. Iqumrhu leinshorensi liya kusebenzisa ulwazi ngesantya nobuzaza bezicelo ukuze kusekwe izavenga kumanqanaba aya kwenza ukuba iqhumrhu likwazi ukuhlawula izicelo ngokwesixa esingumrhumo wesiqhelo kodwa kushiywe umda weendleko zokwenza umsebenzi nokufumana iinzuzo. Ngokufutshane, iqumrhu leinshorensi lithatha izavenga kubo bonke abaxhasi, ukuze likwazi ukuhlawula umonakalo owenzeke kwindawo ethile.
Naxa kunjalo, i-inshorensi ikholisa ukuba nomtsalane kuphela kubavelisi abasesichengeni esibi kananjalo nangemingcipheko exhalabisa ngokwaneleyo ukuze kuhlawulwe isavenga esilingana, esithe chatha ngokokubaluleka, kunelahleko elindelekileyo ngaphandle kweinshorensi. Imingcipheko emincinci nekulula ukuyifumana ikholisa ukungafakwa kwi-inshorensi xa kuthelekiswa naleyo emikhulu enokusuba ubukho bokuqhuba kwefama okanye ukuphila kwabanini bazo, zona zikholisa ukufakwa phantsi kweinshorensi. Uluhlu oluhlanganiselweyo lweemveliso luyafumaneka ukuze kufumaneke ukhuselo lwemingcipheko eyahluka-hlukileyo neentlekele ezifumaneka kwezolimo ziphelele.
Iilahleko zezityalo zenziwa kukutshatyalaliswa kweendawo ezithile zesityalo okanye kwisityalo siphelele okungabonwayo ngamehlo nokubonakala cacileyo. Iilahleko ezichatshazelweyo zibandakanya imbewu/iinkozo ezikhutshelwe ngaphandle, iindawo ezikhulayo zezityalo ezithi zitshabalale, amagqabi atshatyalaliswa kukuhlubuka okanye kukusuka ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo nangumonakalo wesichotho kwizikhondo eziphakathi okanye kwizikhondo ezikrwelekileyo, eziqhekekileyo okanye ezisukileyo. I-inshorensi yesichotho ibaluleke ngakumbi kwimveliso yengqolowa, nakujongilanga nakoojongilanga kumabakala akwangoko.
Umonakalo oyelele kulowo wesichotho, ofana nowembewu/iinkozo eziphephethekayo namagqabi nezikhondo ezi qhekekileyo, uyakhuselwa. Njengakuhlolo lomonakalo wesichotho, umonakalo obonakalayo kwisakhiwo okanye ukutshatyalaliswa ziimpembelelo zomoya kwiindawo ezithile zesityalo okanye isityalo siphelele, nako kuyakhuselwa.
Umonakalo owenzeka kwiimveliso xa zithuthwa emva kokuvuna ukusuka emasimini aphantsi kokhuselo lweinshorensi ngenxa yomlilo, ukungqubana nokuphethuka kwezithuthi nako kukhuselwe. Ukhuselo, nangona kunjalo, lusikelwe umda we 100 km radiyasi ukusuka efama apho iimveliso ziveliswe khona.
Zizityalo ezithile kuphela, ezifana nengqolowa kunye neediliya, ezifakwe phantsi kokhuselo lwelahleko lodidi lwesivuno ngenxa yemvula egqithisileyo ngethuba lebakala lokuvuthwa kwezi zityalo.
Umonakalo wezityalo ezithile ngenxa yomlilo ongalawulekiyo uphantsi kokhuselo. Ophantsi kokhuselo kufuneka ukuba abe ulandele imiyalelo yesizwe malunga nokusekwa kwezithinteli zomlilo ukuze alufanele ukhuselo lweinshorensi.
Iilahleko ezifumaneke ngenxa yeqabaka (umonakalo wengqele), kubandakanywa usasazo lomgubo we-pollen xa i-stamen, iziqu zamagqabi, izikhondo kunye namagqabi ebulewe yiqabaka, nazo ziba phantsi kokhuselo. Iimpembelo ezinamandla ezenzekayo kwisivuno sesityalo zihlalutywa ngokuxilonga okubonakala kwizakhiwo zezityalo. Umonakalo ongabonakaliyo, ofana nokukhula okubambezelekayo ngenxa yengqele, awubikho phantsi kokhuselo.
Iqela lemingcipheko engasoloko ibonakala kwaye inokubalwa ibekwa ngokwamaqela phantsi kolu khuselo. Imingcipeko ekhuselekayo ibandakanya imbalela, ngaphandle kwezityalo ezilinywa phantsi konkcenkcesho, izinambuzane ezitshabalalisa izityalo ezingalawulekiyo, isichotho, umoya, iqabaka, njl.njl. Ngamanye amazwi, ngolu hlobo lokhuselo, umvelisi unikwa ukhuselo kwiziqalelo zendalo ezingalawulekiyo.
Ndingalufumana njani uncedo?
Inkoliso yeebhanki zorhwebo kananjalo namashishini ezolimo aziiarhente zeinshorensi - fumana icebiso emntwini omaziyo onokumthemba. QINISEKA UKUBA UFUNDA USHICILELO OLUCOSELELWEYO KUBHAMBATHISO UKUZE UNGAMANGALISWA EMVA KWETHUBA.
<fn>PulaImvula. Cultivation(maize).2011-09-27.xh.txt</fn>
Kufumaneke imvula engama-600 mm ukuya kuma-2 000 mm kwiingingqi zemveliso yombona yasehlotyeni kanti kwezinye iziganeko kufunyenwe imvula engama-50 mm ukuya kuma-75 mm ngosuku kwimidyudyuzo yamafu. Obu bunzima bukhulu kangaka bamanzi ngehektare nganye kwisithuba sexesha elifutshane bunokuba nesiphumo sesimo somhlaba sokugangatheka nokuxinaniseka.
Ziya kubangela imihlaba egangatheke ngaphezu kwesiqhelo iimpembelelo ezongezwa bubunzima bezixhobo, iitrektara neenqwelo ezirhuqwayo ezinzima kunye nokucinezela kwamavili ngethuba lenkqubo yokuvuna phantsi kweemeko ezifumaneke kulo nyaka zomhlaba oxineneyo.
Iinkomo ezityiswa intsalela yesityalo emasimini ombona nazo ziyawugangatha umhlaba phantsi kweemeko ezimanzi kakhulu okanye xa umhlaba uxinene nkxi ngenxa yamanzi. Kwiziganeko ezibalasele kakhulu zamasimi axinene ntli, ukukrazula umhlaba nje phambi kokutyala okanye ngexesha lokutyala kusenokuba kuphela kwendlela enokusetyenziswa ukuze kutyalwe izityalo kuselithuba.
Ubusika obubanda ngokugqithisileyo kunye nemvula kwezinye iindawo nabo bube negalelo kukoma okucothayo phantsi kweemeko zomhlaba ezixinene nkxi ngamanzi. Bubulumko ukuhlalutya izimo zomhlaba emasimini ekuza kutyalwa kuwo njengamasimi ombona kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikrazulayo neziwenza ukhululeke umhlaba ongaphantsi kweemaleko ezigangathekileyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba kwakhona, lo msebenzi, uya kufaka umoya emhlabeni. Iintsholongwane zebhaktiriya kunye nezidalwanana zomhlaba zikwazi ukuphila ngenene kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezinomoya kumphezulu womhlaba wobunzulu be-150 mm ukuya kwi-180 mm.
Amagama athi 'phantsi kweemeko ezinomoya' abhekiselele kubukho bomoya, kubandakanywa i-oksijini (umongo-moya), inayitrojini kunye neegesi ze-kharbhon dayoksayidi (carbon dioxide - isile) emhlabeni okhululekileyo nakwiindawo ezinamanzi. Umsebenzi wokukrazula umhlaba ubalulekile ukuze iibhaktiriya zifakelwe amandla okuqhekeza iintsalela zesityalo sethuba langaphambili phambi kokutyalwa kwesityalo esitsha. Le nkqubo yeebhaktiriya iya kuqalisa njengoko amaqondo obushushu esiya ngokunyuka ukususela kwiveki yokugqibela kuAgasti, ukudlula kuSeptemba ukuya kuOktobha.
Kucetyiswa kangangoko ukuba umsebenzi wokukrazula umhlaba wenziwe kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka emva kokuba imihlaba ifikelele kwisakhono sokufuma kwentsimi. Umsebenzi owenziwe ngaphaya kwesakhono sentsimi uya kukholisa ukubangela ukugangatheka okuthe chatha kunokuba kunciphe. Kuya kufuneka ukuba umlimi alungelelanise izixhobo zokusebenza ngokwendlela asebenza ngayo xa eyilandela imigaqo yokulawula ingxinano okanye izenzo zokuphethula umhlaba kancinane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ukulondolozwa kakuhle kwezixhobo zokutyala nokwenziwa kolungelelaniso loomatshini okufunekayo okungekagqitywa kufuneka kwenziwe isaqala inyanga kaOktobha..
<fn>PulaImvula. Demand.2007-11.xh.txt</fn>
Grabber: Malunga neAfrika, amalinge ophuhliso lwezinikimlilo zendalo zehlabathi adala amathuba okulungiselela iindlela zokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho. Oosomashishini abasakhasayo banokuthi kwixesha elizayo bazibandakanye kule misetyenzana yezoqoqosho ukuze ngokwenza njalo bakwazi ukunika abantu isakhono sokunyusa inqanaba lemigangatho yokuphila ukufikelela kwithuba elithile.
Intro: Ukuba amazwe akwisiqingatha esingasentla sehlabathi azimisele ngokwazisa ngezinikimlilo zendalo, kufuneka ajolise ingqalelo yawo kuphuhliso lwala mathuba kwisiqingatha esingezantsi sehlabathi. Ngaphaya koko, kulindeleke ukuba imfuno ebangwa lihlabathi yokutya okuziinkozo nembewu yeoyile iphindaphindeke kabini kwiminyaka elandelayo engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30.
Ukuze kufumaneke inkxaso yempahla yesondlo ukwenzela ukutya nezinikimlilo kwixesha elizayo, iYurophu kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo isakhono sendalo esikhoyo kwiAfrika esezantsi kweSahara. Ubukho bemithombo yendalo buya kwenza ukuba amazwe aseAfrika avelise impahla yesondlo ngeendleko eziphantsi ngomlinganiselo ngamnye. La mathuba oncedo ngeendleko enziwa abe nako ukwenzeka ngenxa yeemeko zemozulu nezomhlaba ngakumbi kumazwe afana neAngola, Mozambique kunye ne-Zambia. Nangona kunjalo, imigaqosiseko yentengiso kufuneka ihlonitshwe ngamazwe asezantsi kweSahara xa eshukuxa umba wolwandiso-mali, umzekelo, ngokuhlonela amalungelo afana nawempahla yomntu.
Ukuze umsebenzi wezoqoqosho ube kwelona nqanaba liphezulu nokuze imithombo yobutyebi isingiselwe ekusetyenzisweni kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwezoqoqosho kufuneka sikwazi ukurhweba ngemithombo yobutyebi ngendlela eyenza ukusetyenziswa kwayo okukwinqanaba eliphezulu kwezoqoqosho. Kulapho kuphela apho sinokukwazi ukudala izakhono eziyimfuneko kuqoqosho kwiingingqi eziseZantsi kweSahara. UMzantsi Afrika lilizwe eliyinkokeli kwiAfrika eseZantsi kweSahara apho ithotyelwa khona imigaqosiseko yorhwebo olukhululekileyo . IAfrika eseZantsi kweSahara ifuna uMzantsi Afrika ukubonisa ihlabathi liphelele ukuba siyakwazi ukunika inkxaso yemo esingqongileyo ezinzileyo, nenobuhlobo kulwandisomali nto leyo ekhuthaza uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho. Ukuba uMzantsi Afrika uyasilela ekuqinisekiseni amazwe esiqingatha esingasentla sehlabathi ngesakhono sethu sokuphuhlisa isakhiwo esisisiseko kunye ngeenkuthazo ezifanelekileyo ezivela kwimithombo yobutyebi bethu, siya kuba sisilelisa amanye amazwe aSeZantsi kweSahara ekubekeni amalinge ophuhliso lwezinikimlilo zendalo kwindawo yesakhono esipheleleyo.
Malunga neAfrika, amalinge ophuhliso lwehlabathi lwezinikimlilo zendalo adala amathuba okufaneleka kweenkuthazo ezibalaseleyo zophuhliso loqoqosho. Oosomashishini abasakhasayo kwixesha elizayo banako ukuzibandakanya kule misetyenzana yezoqoqosho ukuze ke ngoko abantu babe nako ukunyusa umgangatho wobomi babo ethubeni. Kanti abasayi kuphelela ekutshintshiseleni ngokutya kurhwebo, okanye ekuveliseni ukutya abakusebenzisa ngokwabo, kodwa ukuze babe nengeniso eyongezelelweyo yokuchitha kwizinto zokuzonwabisa.
Singaliyeka njani ke eli thuba lophuhliso UMzantsi Afrika unoxanduva malunga nophuhliso lweAfrika iphelele. Ukunika inkxaso kuphuhliso lweshishini lwezinikimlilo zendalo eMzantsi Afrika kuya komeleza ukhuseleko ngokwasekutyeni. Abavelisi baseMzantsi Afrika banezakhono zobuchule nesakhono sokukhupha imveliso egqithiseleyo kodwa banqatyelwa ngummandla wentengiso wemveliso yabo. Uphuhliso lweshishini lwezinikimlilo zendalo lunako ukunika inkxaso yophuhliso lommandla wentengiso yokuthengiswayo ngesixa esifanelekileyo. Ngaxeshanye siya kuba sisakha ubukhulu obubalulekileyo bobuchwepheshe obuthumela ngaphandle kwiAfrika iphelele. Iindleko zokuseka ishishini zanda kwihlabathi liphelele, kwaye ngoko ke imfuno yokudala imo esingqongileyo ebandakanya iinkuthazo ezifanelekileyo zemisebenzi eyilwayo yophuhliso lwezinikimlilo zendalo. Ngokunjalo, uluntu lwethu lufuna umbono ocacileyo wendlela eya phambili nokuchaza imfaneleko yeenkuthazo ezifanelekileyo?
E-USA abaqhubi abangundoqo bamalinge ophuhliso lwezinikimlilo zendalo baqala ngengxaki yefama (imveliso egqithisileyo) nokubekwa kwe-ethanol eyindalo njengesiniki-mongomoya endaweni ye-MTBE. Yintoni ephembelela amalinge ophuhliso lwezinikimlilo eMzantsi Afrika Ingaba ziinkxalabo ezinonxulumano okanye ingaba lithuba lokwandisa amalinge ethu ezoqoqosho lwasemaphandleni Ngokwemigqaliselo yamaxabiso okutya anyukayo - sisendleleni yokubona inguquko yesakhiwo kwihlabathi liphelele kwaye ayifanelanga kucingelwa njengonyuso-maxabiso oluthathe unyawo. Ngelishwa oku kufika xa isicwangciso sethu sobuchule malunga nezinikimlilo zendalo sifuna ukunika imvume yokuqhuba ngurulumente, kanye xa sisemngciphekweni wonyulo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, sifumana amava isimo sentandabuzo ephakathi kwabaqulunqi bemigaqonkqubo malunga nendlela eya phambili ngokuphathelele kumalinge ophuhliso lwezinikimlilo kwiAfrika eseZantsi kweSahara. Kubalulekile kodwa ke ukuyibukela ithuba elide imingcipheko malunga nala malinge ophuhliso ngaphandle kokuphenjelelwa yimibandela ebonwa njengenganiki themba kwithuba elifutshane kuphela?
I-Grain SA ilubona uphuhliso lwezinikimlilo njengethuba likarhulumente lokudala imo enobuhlobo nolwandisomali ukuze ke yona ibuye umva ivumele imo engqongileyo yentengiso ekhululekileyo ukuba iphuhlise eli shishini ngokukhululekileyo ngaphandle kokuthintela amalinge ophuhliso ngokungeyomfuneko ngeelayisensi, imithetho nemimiselo ngokusetyenziswa kwempahla yesondlo.
Ngokwemigqaliselo yophuhliso lwezityalo kufuneka siqaphele ukuba eli thuba alifanelanga kubona iswekile njengempahla yesondlo ekuphela kwayo, kananjalo iimeko zaseMzantsi Afrika mazingathelekiswa nezamanye amazwe esiqingatha esingezantsi sehlabathi ngaphandle kokuchaza imeko nganye. Inani elikhulu lemimandla yentengiso enesakhono sokuqalisa i-ethanol yendalo ikufutshane kwiziphaluka ezivelisa umbona namazimba kwiindawo ezingasentla zeli lizwe lethu, ngokunjalo nakwingingqi yemvula yasebusika apho izityalo ezinjengengqolowa yodidi oluphantsi, intlanganisela yengqolowa nerhasi nkqu nerhasi ziya kukwazi ukunika inkxaso kuphuhliso lwezinikimlilo zendalo ngokusebenzisa imveliso yempahla yesondlo efanelekileyo.
Ngokufutshane, ukuze kuvalwe umsantsa wenkxaso yemfuno ebangwayo yempahla yesondlo kufuneka sifumane iinkuthazo ezinkulu ngokwaneleyo eziya kunika imbuyekezo yesixa esinomtsalane kwabo babelana ngomsebenzi. Ukuba uphuhliso olukhululekileyo phakathi kwemida yemo esingqongileyo sikholelwa ekubeni ityathanga lenkxaso kwimveliso yezinikimlilo liya kuvuselela ngokuqinisekileyo imveliso yezolimo ukuze ngokwenza njalo, kususwe ukuncipha okunokuqhubela phambili kwemveliso yokutya okuziinkozo nembewu yeoyile. Kungenjalo, siya kuvuselela amathuba ophuhliso lwezolimo ukwenzela ulungiselelo lwabahlali basemaphandleni.
Ihlabathi maliqaphele ukuba uMzantsi Afrika uyakwazi ukunika inkxaso yamalinge ophuhliso lwezinikimlilo zendalo kwiAfrika eseZantsi kweSahara, hayi ngokunika inkxaso kwimigaqonkqubo yeeASGISA zethu kuphela kodwa ngokunjalo naleyo yeNEPAD ngomzamo wokuzingela ikamva eliqaqambe ngakumbi lezizukulwana ezizayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Difference(maize).2011-02-08.xh.txt</fn>
Umbona omhlophe notyheli - yintoni umahluko?
Umbona omhlophe uyelele kakhulu ngokwendalo nangokwezofuzo emboneni otyheli, nangona kukho umahluko kwinkangeleko ngenxa yokungabikho kweziniki-bala ze-oyile yekharothini kwiinkozo zombona omhlophe kuba yikharothini enika ibala elityheli kwiinkozo. Iimeko zemveliso neendlela zokulima zifana nqwa ubukhulu becala.
Umbona omhlophe yimveliso engabalulekanga kangako ngokubhekiselele kwilizwe eliphuhlileyo. KwiZizwe eziManyeneyo, umzekelo, ezizezona ezingumvelisi omkhulu wombona ngokungenakuthelekiswa ehlabathini, ukulinywa kombona omhlophe kungaphantsi kwepesenti enye kwisixa esipheleleyo sombona olinywayo, ubuninzi baso bulinywa phantsi kobhambathiso lomsebenzi wokufama ngenxa yentengiso enqongopheleyo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye.
Kude kube kutshanje, bekusoloko kukho ingqiqo eqhelekileyo yokuba umbona otyheli ufanele izilwanyana kuphela, awubalungelanga abantu. Le ngcinga ibe negalelo kwiintlobo zeenkqubo zokulima nokuthengisa umbona. Ukutya okuziinkozo okutyheli nokungumgubo bekubonwa njengokungafunwa kangako okanye okungafunwayo kwaphela ngabantu kwaza oko kwenza ukuba kungafumaneki ncam kubathengi. Ukungabikho kokutya okuziinkozo okutyheli okanye umgubo nako kunyuse iindleko zokutya kubathengi, njengoko kwimimandla yeentengiso ehlabathini, umbona otyheli unexabiso eliphantsi kunombona omhlophe. Ummandla wentengiso yombona otyheli ehlabathini mkhulu kwaye uzinze kakhulu ngaphezu kommandla wombona omhlophe, oko ke kuwenze ube ngumthombo wenkxaso ethembeke ngokuthe chatha, ngakumbi ngamathuba embalela.
Ukhe wazama ukutya umgubo wombona otyheli Kuyamangalisa ukuba ngokubanzi sikucingela kakubi ukutya umbona otyheli. Okutsala umdla eMzantsi Afrika namhla kukuba silima umbona omhlophe omninzi kodwa ube mncinci otyheli - mhlawumbi kufuneka iingqondo zethu zicinge ngokuphangaleleyo ngombona otyheli kuba kaloku xa siphelelwe ngomhlophe umbona, sinako ukutya otyheli?
<fn>PulaImvula. Economy(maize).2011-09-27.xh.txt</fn>
Grabber: Ngaba umlimi usoloko elima kodwa engatyalanga nto Ngaba uhlakula unaphakade engakhange atyale nto kuwo Kanti ekugqibeleni akatyali izityalo zakhe eziziinkozo zeentlobo ngeentlobo, iseso endaweni yaso entsimini Uyazi kakuhle into afanele ukuyenza kuba uThixo umenze wabona kananjalo waqondaINkosi uSomandla ngutitshala ongummangaliso kuba unika umlimi ubulumko. Ku- Isaya isahluko 28 iivesi 23 - 29?
Umsebenzi wokufama waba ngumsebenzi wokuqala ngqa ehlabathini kwaye wawusisifundo esasivela kuThixo. Ubalulekile ebomini. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba thina balimi siwubone umsebenzi wethu njengoyintsika ebomini nobaluleke kangangoko.
Akufuneki sigqalisele kuphela ekwenzeni imali nokwandisa imveliso, kodwa kufuneka sijolise ekuveliseni izityalo zodidi nokutya okuya kuvelisa isondlo sobomi nemipilo entle edingekayo kuninzi lwabantu.
Yintoni igalelo labalimi kuqoqosho?
Banegalelo elikhulu kuqoqosho nakulwabiwo hlahlo-mali lwesizwe.
Abalimi bebonke ngabaqeshi abadala imisebenzi kweli lizwe lethu elinamanqanaba aphezulu kangaka entswelo-ngqesho.
Abalimi balima ukutya kodidi oluphezulu nokunempilo kwaye banegalelo kukhuselo lokutya kwesizwe.
Abalimi kulo lonke eli lizwe banendima kutyalo-mali phakathi kwabahlali beendawo zabo kwaye bayafuneka kwimpilo yoqoqosho lweedolophu zabo nolwesizwe.
Njengeengcaphephe zomhlaba, abalimi basebenza nzima bekhusela umhlaba, umoya, amanzi kunye neyantlukwano yentlaninge yendalo ephilayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba uya kukwazi ukuvelisa ukutya kwezizukulwana ezizayo.
Umlimi uyakwazi ukuzenzela, ungumyili wemveliso, akaxhomekeki, usebenza nzima unomoya wokuphucula uluntu kwaye uyaphendula ngezenzo zakhe. Umlimi uvelisa umbona, ujongilanga neswekile ekukhanyeni kwelanga!
Ngelishwa, abalimi, njengabanye oosomashishini, batsala nzima phantsi kokuwa koqoqosho okusisimanga.
Ngenxa yeendleko zokusebenza ezisoloko zinyuka kuphinde kuhle amaxabiso eemveliso zolimo ngoku, abalimi abaninzi nabafuyi beenkomo baza kuva ubunzima okanye abasayi kukwazi ukuhlawula iimali-mboleko zawo zeefama ezihlawulwa ngokwezicwangciso.
Ngaxeshanye, ubukho betyala elihlawulekayo lethuba elide nabo abunakuqinisekiswa, ngxaki leyo eza nezoyikiso ezithe chatha kwimisebenzi yoshishino lomlimi ngamnye.
Into eyenzekayo kukuba abalimi banyanzeleka ukuba baxhomekeke ematyaleni ukuze bakwazi ukusebenza - ukuthenga imbewu nezondlo namanye amagalelo afunekayo ukuze kubekho okufakwe emhlabeni nokukhulayo.
Kodwa ngenxa yokungabikho kozinzo kwiindawo zentengiso ukuze bathengise iimveliso zabo nangenxa yezoyikiso zeentlekele ezinxulumene nemozulu, ukhuselo lolo tyalo-mali lwakuqala lusuka lungabinakuqinisekiswa. Ababolekisi beemali besiqhelo bayazibona ezingxaki isiphumo ibe kukuba basuka baqinise isandla.
Nathi ke ngoko kufuneka siqhube ngokubongoza urhulumente wanamhla ukuba ancedise abalimi ngenkqubo encomekayo, esekwe kakuhle nekhuselekileyo yokunikwa kweemali-mboleko zeemveliso.
Amaxabiso kwiindawo zentengiso ayagungqa ngokunxulumene nezityalo ezingundoqo kanti iindleko zolimo ziyanyuka, kubandakanywa isichumiso, imbewu, isondlo namanye amagalelo enziwa efama, konke oko kuya kuqhuba ngokubeka umlimi ebunzimeni ngokwasemalini njengoko yena enolawulo oluncinane phezu kwenkxaso okanye imfuno ebangwayo yemveliso yakhe. Xa amaxabiso kwiindawo zentengiso yabalimi ehlile oko akusoloko kubonakala kumaxabiso okutya kwithala lasevenkileni - oku kuveza iinkxalabo zokuba abathengi bokutya okuziinkozo nabanye bafumana inzuzo endaweni yabalimi nabathengi.
UMzantsi Afrika uza kuchaphazeleka njani?
Ukuba abalimi balahlekelwa lishishini labo namgamakhaya abo kwaye xa abalimi abatsha bengakwazi ukungena kwishishini, oko kuya kuchaphazela abantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Abalimi bayintsika yesizwe nenqwanqwa lokuqala kwileli yezoqoqosho. Xa iifama zisilela, amashishini asesitalatweni esikhulu nawo ayasilela. Okuchasa oku kuyinyaniso nako - xa ziqhubela phambili iifama, namashishini esitalatweni esikhulu namaqela abahlali endawo leyo aqhubela phambili.
Abalimi badala ubutyebi benene, batyhila ixabiso lendalo elililo ukusuka kwimbewu nasekukhanyeni kwelanga kusuka kuvele imveliso eyondla thina emizimbeni nakuqoqosho. Ukuze kunikwe inkxaso ebanzi kwiintsapho ngeentsapho, ukufama kuyimfuneko kuzinziso nasekuphileni kwelizwe lethu. Ukuba silahlekelwa ngumlimi nokuba mnye okanye xa ubunzima buya ngokukhula kubalimi abatsha okanye kwabasaqalayo ukuba bafumane umhlaba, siya kuba sibeka imo esingqongileyo, ukhuseleko lokutya kwethu kunye noqoqosho lwelizwe lethu emngciphekweni.
<fn>PulaImvula. EducationMaize.2009-07.xh.txt</fn>
Inxalenye yabona balimi babempumelelo inemfundo ephantsi kakhulu - kodwa inamava amaninzi kwaye bayawuthanda umsebenzi abawenzayo. Umsebenzi wokufama bubomi babo.
Umsebenzi wokufama bubuchule, kwaye yinzululwazi, kanti ukwayindlela yobomi. Umsebenzi wokufama ubandakanya ukholo - akufane ukwazi ukuwulawula umsebenzi wokufama njengoko usenziwa phandle phantsi kwenceba yemozulu.
Inzululwazi yokufama iphuhliswe kakhulu kwaye inobucukubhede - kuninzi okwaziwa ngomba ongowona mncinci womsebenzi wokufama. Into ekufuneka uyenzile kukufumana uncedo necebiso kwaba bantu bafunde kangaka - ungumlimi ozenzelayo. Umzekelo, ukwenza uhlalutyo lwesampulu yomhlaba ngumsebenzi ofuna ubuchule obuphakamileyo. Akukho mfuneko yokuba wena ngokwakho ukwazi ukuzenzela uhlalutyo - ekufuneka ukwenzile kukuthatha iisampulu rhoqo, wenzelwe uhlalutyo uze uthathe icebiso lengcali yenzululwazi oyithembayo. Unako ukuphumeza icebiso ngenkqubo yokufaka isichumiso uze uhlakule isityalo sakho. Nceda qinisekisa ukuba ufumana icebiso elilungileyo uze uliphumeze icebiso elo - nangona kunjalo, iliso namava akho aya kwenza ukuba isityalo siphumelele.
Thatha lonke ithuba onokuba nalo lokufumana uqeqesho ebantwini abanolwazi namava omsebenzi wokufama. Enyanisweni akunakuwufunda encwadini umsebenzi wokufama, ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba unikwe uqeqesho ngumntu osaziyo esi sihloko. Xa uzoba ukuphawuleka kwakho, bandakanya ulwazi olu olukwitheyibhile engezantsi, kodwa musa ukuzikhathaza kakhulu ngeziqinisekiso zezifundo - oku akukuko konke okufanelekileyo kwaye akusosiphelo kwamathuba akho empumelelo.
<fn>PulaImvula. EstablishingMaize.2009-05.xh.txt</fn>
Wakuba uqalisile ukufama, uphakathi kwishishini kufuneka ube neenkcukacha zengxelo ezimalunga nawe (ipotfoliyo). Wakufika kwibanga elithile, uya kunqwenela ukuthetha neziko lezemali ukuze ufumane uncedo kanti baya kufuna ulwazi oluninzi malunga nawe nangeshishini lakho.
Ngezantsi kukho iitheyibhile ezimbalwa ngolwazi ekufuneka uzilungisile (nekopi eyiyeyakho kunye ne-ID yomlingane wakho).
Olu lwazi lubalulekile. Qho nika iinkcukacha zokuba wena njengomlimi wazalelwa phi, wakhulela phi nokuba wawufumana njani umdla wokufama nokuba wazibandakanya njani emsebenzini wokufama.
Olu lwazi luluncedo malunga nezifundo oya kuzifumana ukuze izifundo uzinikwe ngolwimi oluqondayo.
Khumbula ukuba umsebenzi wokufama ufuna uqwalaselo lwakho yonke imihla. Ukuba unomdla onzulu ngomsebenzi wokufama kufuneka ube sentsimini yakho ngayo yonke imihla. Izilumko zithi, "iliso lenkosi liyawutyebisa umhlambi", kwaye "isichumiso esibalaseleyo singumzila weenyawo zomlimi entsimini". Ukwenza umsebenzi wokufama kuphathelele nezinto eziphilayo kwaye zifuna ingqalelo ngalo lonke ixesha.
<fn>PulaImvula. FactorsMaize.2009-01.xh.txt</fn>
Uphando olwenziwe yiNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama luchonge lwaza lwafumanisa imibandela eyahluka-hlukileyo nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kubavelisi abasakhulayo ukungena kumsebenzi worhwebo ngombona.
Iitrektara nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngabavelisi abaninzi abasaphuhlayo zikwimeko embi kakhulu kwaye abakho kwisimo semali sokukwazi ukuphucula imeko yabo - imida yenzuzo kumsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo isezantsi kwaye ukuba ukhona umda wempazamo yabaphuhlisi abasaphuhlayo, mncinci kakhulu.
Uninzi lwabavelisi badibana neengxaki zokusebenzisa izixhobo ezizezanamhla - umzekelo, iSebe lezoLimo eMpumalanga linike amaqela athile abavelisi iitrektara nezixhobo zamaxesha anamhla abangakwaziyo ukuzisebenzisa okanye ukuzifakela amaqondo.
Baninzi abavelisi abangenazo izixhobo eziyimfuneko ezifana nezitshizi ze-boom, nto leyo ethetha ukuba abanakukwazi ukutshabalalisa ukhula nezinambuzane ezibulala izityalo ngemichiza. Akukho maziko athakazelela ukunika uncedo lwemali yokuthenga izixhobo zokulima ezikhe zasetyenziswa, kanti izixhobo ezitsha zinexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu kangangokuba abavelisi abaninzi bade bangakwazi ukuzithenga.
Amanqanaba enzala kwixesha langoku aphezulu kwaye xa kusongezelelwa ezi ndleko kwiindleko eseziphezulu zomsebenzi wemveliso, imveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo ayisenanzuzo kwiindawo ezininzi.
Baninzi abavelisi asebengabamkeli bolwabiwo lomhlaba abanikwe umhlaba ongafanelanga mveliso yezityalo - aba bavelisi banomnqweno wenene wokuvelisa izityalo kodwa asinakucebisa abavelisi ukuba batyale umbona emhlabeni onobunzulu obunganeno kuma-700 mm - umngcipheko wokusilela uphezulu kakhulu.
Enye ingxaki efuna ingqalelo yenene yileyo yeenkonzo ezicekethekileyo zasemthethweni kunye okanye isixokelelwano esingomelelanga solawulo esiphuhle njengesiphumo solwabiwo lomhlaba. Kwiziganeko ezininzi, umhlaba wawunikwe iTrust ebunjwe ngabancediswa nabaphathi (ikholisa ukuba ngabantu abangaphezu kwama-30). Ekuqaleni bekuthekelelwa ukuba wonke ubani uya kuba nenxaxheba kumsebenzi wokufama, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, kubonakale kuyingxaki eyandayo oku kwaye ngoku bambalwa abancediswa abashiyeke besenza umsebenzi wasefama, kodwa iimeko abaphila phantsi kwazo azikhuselekanga.
Ukufikelela kwigalelo (imali yomsebenzi wemveliso) yingxaki kubavelisi abaninzi kwaye kulunge ngenene ukukwazi ukufumana izisombululo umzk. kumsebenzi oyilwayo novavanywayo esiwuseke neSebe lezoLimo laseFree State kunye neOVK ngelinge lokunika inkxaso kubavelisi abathile abachongiweyo - iOVK inikele kwangaphambili ngemali epheleleyo yemveliso kubavelisi ukuze bakwazi ukubeka isityalo emhlabeni ngexesha elichanekileyo, kanti iDoA yona (iSebe lezoLimo) inikele ngembuyiselo yama-50% amagalelo kwiOVK ukuze ifakwe kwii-akhawunti zaba bavelisi. Olu vavanyo lusebenza kakuhle kwaye wonke ubani uye wakwazi ukubuyisa imali-mboleko nokwenza inzuzo, kodwa sithe xa besizama ukwandisa inkqubo njengoko kwakuvunyelwene, iSebe lithe alinalwabiwo-mali kwaphela malunga nalo msebenzi uyilwayo!
Ukuba abavelisi bayaphumelela ngesicelo sabo semali-mboleko, amaziko emali asuka abambe isandla ekubanikeni inkxaso-mali yokukhanda nokulondoloza oomatshini - kanti ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezisebenzayo abasayi kuba ngabavelisi abarhwebayo.
Kummandla waseBronkhorstspruit, kananjalo kutshanje, kwingingqi yaseLichtenburg, abakwaAFGRI benzela abavelisi abasaphuhlayo umsebenzi wokufama - basebenzisa ababhambathiswa abakhulu abamhlophe abenza umsebenzi wokufama, ukuze ekupheleni kwexesha lonyaka, abavelisi bafumane isabelo sokuseleyo (abakwaAFGRI bathatha iindleko zamagalelo kunye nama-50% enzuzo).
Akukho nto ifundwa ngabavelisi malunga nomsebenzi wokufama njengoko kungekho zakhono zigqithiselwa kubo.
Akukho nzuzo efunyanwa ngabavelisi abazama ukuthabatha inxaxheba - kubonakala ngathi umhlaba ulinywa wonke ukuze abavelisi bafumane isabelo esiqingqwe kwangaphambili ngokweeakile hayi ngokwesivuno esifumaneke emhlabeni wabo.
Ukuba inzuzo yesi senzo iyehla, kucingeleka ukuba abakwaAFGRI baya kuyeka ukwenza umsebenzi wokufama ngokwenza njalo aba bavelisi baya kuba kwimo emaxongo kwaye bangakwazi kuzenzela umsebenzi wokufama ngokwabo.
Amaxabiso aphezulu esichumiso athetha ukuba abavelisi abasebenzisi izixa ezicetyisiweyo - oku kubanga izivuno eziphantsi kananjalo nokwetha komgangatho womhlaba.
I-Maize Trust iseke isixokelelwano esingummangaliso senkxaso yokuhlawula ikalika efakwayo, ukuhlakula kwakuqala, ukulandela ngoqwalaselo neinshorensi yegalelo. Nangona kunjalo, le nkxaso igqithiswa kuphela ngamashishini ezolimo. Zininzi iziganeko apho umvelisi engelo lungu leshishini lezolimo (njengakwimimandla yaseMpuma-Koloni) - oku kuthetha ukuba umvelisi akakwazi kusebenzisa inkxaso enikwa ngabakwaMaize Trust.
Inkonzo yesolulo yamasebe ezolimo ayisebenzi kakuhle ngokomgangatho ofunekayo - abaphathi abanalwazi kwaye kwiziganeko ezininzi abanamdla wokunika abavelisi inkxaso.
Ukufikelela kumhlaba olimekayo yingxaki kwamanye amaphondo - ngakumbi kulawo apho kungekho mhlaba udityanelweyo khona, njengaseFree State. ISebe leMibandela yezeMihlaba alinamandla - kwaye alinamdla wokuhlawula ixabiso elibangwa ngumhlaba omhle - kwaye xa lithe lawuthenga umhlaba, alikuqwalaseli ukuba ingaba abavelisi banazo na izixhobo eziyimfuneko zokuwulima - ukuba ngumvelisi kubanga ngaphezu kokuba nomhlaba nje kuphela.
<fn>PulaImvula. FactorsMaize.2010-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ngokwesithethe, ixabiso lentsimi belisekwa kwisakhono sayo sokukhupha imveliso kwezolimo. Kwimimandla ethe chatha ngokuba semaphandleni abalimi basenoxanduva lwenkoliso yeentengo ezenzelwa intsimi apho iinzuzo zezolimo zasemva kwenkcitho izizo ezalatha, ubukhulu becala, ixabiso lentsimi.
Isantya senzala esihlala siphezulu okanye sisezantsi naso sineempembelelo kubalimi njengoko inkoliso yabalimi isebenza ngesixa esithile okanye ngesixa esipheleleyo semali eyinkunzi ebolekiweyo. Izandiso-mali ngemali eyinkunzi kwizakhiwo zomsebenzi wokufama kanti nezenzo zokuphucula nazo zineempembelelo ezibalulekileyo kwixabiso lentsimi.
Ngokungena kwiimvumelwano zokwahlulelana ngezityalo nabanye abalimi.
Inzuzo kwimali eyinkunzi yethuba elide enxulumene nolwandiso lwexabiso lomhlaba emva kwethuba.
Ezi nzuzo zethuba elide zikwaxhomekeke kwiimbuyekezo ngokwepesenti ezivela ekusetyenzisweni ngendlela enika imveliso nethi ifumane amava eembuyekezo ezithe chatha nezisezantsi zoqoqosho ngokwemijikelo kwithuba elide. Xa kuthethwa gabalala amaxabiso omhlaba athande ukwanda ngokuya kuhamba ixesha kanti umkhwa wehlabathi kukugcina umhlaba onika imveliso kwizandla ezimbalwa. Kuba nzima ke ngoko kubangeni abatsha ukuba bakwazi ukufumana umhlaba wethuba elifutshane baze bakwazi ukuwuhlawulela ngokusebenzisa imveliso encomekayo. Imeko iyahluka ke kodwa xa umhlaba unokufumaneka ngegranti (LRAD), okanye ngelifa, okanye ngemali-mboleko yezantya zenzala ezifumana inkxaso (njengoko kunjalo ngesicwangciso esitsha seSebe leMibandela yezoMhlaba esibizwa ngokuba sisiCwangciso sokuFumana uMhlaba Phambi kweThuba (Proactive Land Acquisition Scheme - PLAS).
Uqeshiso lomhlaba lutshintshile kwindlela abalimi abasaqalayo abangena ngayo kwezolimo lwaya kwindlela yokuba abalimi asebezinzile bafikelele emhlabeni owongezelelweyo baze bakhulise amashishini abo ezolimo. Oku kufanele ukuqwalaselwa ngakumbi malunga nomhlaba odityanelweyo apho kukho umhlaba omninzi ongasetyenziswayo kanti ngaxeshanye kukho iqela labalimi abalungileyo abafuna uchatha womhlaba abanokuwulima ukuze bafumane inzuzo. Ukurenta umhlaba kuvumela abalimi ukuba bakhulise ishishini ngaphandle kwetyala nokuzinikela kwimali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini enxulumene nokuba ngumnini.
<fn>PulaImvula. Farmer(maize).2011-07-07.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: NguJane McPherson (ekhohlo), wafumana ukumangaliseka okumyoli xa etyelelwa ngoMnu Msebenzi Zwane, uMphathiswa wezoLimo eFree State noNks Nandi Mayathula-Khoza, uMphathiswa wezolimo eGauteng ngoSuku lwesiVuno eNAMPO. Kukwakho uGq Limakatso Moorosi (ekunene), iNtloko yeSebe lezoLimo eFree State.
Photo 2: NguGideon Ralepedie (Senwes), uG. Motseng, uJane McPherson, uB. Tswene (uMphathiswa waseMntla-Ntshona), uN. Maloyi (uSomlomo) ukuze kumqolo ongaphambili, kubekho uJapie Fransman (Senwes), uC. Kanyane noSello Lesupi nabo bebetyelele isiza soPhuhliso lwamaFama ngoSuku lwesiVuno eNampo.
Ubizo lweNkqubo yasegrain SA yoPhuhliso lwamaFama kukuphuhlisa abalimi abamnyama nabanesakhono sokurhweba ngezityalo eziziinkozo. Ukuphumeza le njongo, kubalulekile ukugqalisela ebantwini ngabanye; kufuneka simphuhlise umntu.
Uphuhliso ALUPHATHELANANGA nomhlaba.
Uphuhliso ALUPHATHELANANGA noomatshini.
Uphuhliso ALUPHATHELANANGA nemimandla yeentengiso.
Uphuhliso ALUPHATHELANANGA nemali.
Uphuhliso ALUPHATHELANANGA nokulimela umlimi.
Yonke le nkqubo iqala ngophuhliso lomntu - yonke eminye imiba ilandela ngemva. Uphuhliso yinkqubo asikokuqakatha.
UMphathiswa wangoku wezoLimo, uNksk Tina Joemat-Pettersson walathe isidingo asibonayo sokwahlula abalimi ngokwezintlu ezahluka-hlukileyo. Ezo zintlu zinje: (nangona thina sizenzele eyethu imiqathango njengoko kungekho miqathango ekuvunyelwene ngayo malunga nezintlu ezahluka-hlukileyo).
Kusenokubhidisa kancinane ebantwini xa sisithi iNqanaba loku-1 kunye nabalimi abalima ihektare enye ukuya kwezilishumi bakuluhlu olunye. Kubalulekile ukuba nenkqubo ebandakanya amanyathelo achongeka ngokucacileyo - nawuphi umlimi ongenela inkqubo yethu njengokwiNqanaba 1 - abuthethi nto ubukhulu bomhlaba wakhe. Njengomntu okwinqanaba lokuqala, kukho izifundo ezithile ekufuneka eye kuzo nezisisiseko sokurhweba kwezolimo. Ngelishwa, kukho abalimi abangenakuze bagqithele phambili ngaphaya kweNqanaba loku-1 lomlimi kuba bengenakukwazi ukufikelela komnye umhlaba okanye kwabanye oomatshini.
Abalimi beNqanaba 2 bakuluhlu olulandelayo kwaye kukho izifundo abafanele ukuya kuzo xa bekweli nqanaba - kufuneka bakhe phezu kolwazi abalufumene besekwiNqanaba 1. Aba balimi basenokungakwazi ukuqhuba ukuze bade bafikelele kwinqanaba elingaphaya kweli, kwakhona ngenxa yeengxaki zemali, ezomhlaba okanye ezoomatshini abangakwaziyo ukudlula kuzo.
Abalimi beNqanaba 3 ngabo bakwazileyo ukuqhubela phambili ngaphaya kwenqanaba loku-1 nelesi-2, abakwazileyo ukuqonda konke abakufumene kuqeqesho nakwizifundo abazinikwe kumanqanaba okuqala amabini kwaye babe kwisigaba sokulima ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-250 zezityalo eziziinkozo ngonyaka. Umlimi "wokuqala" okwaziyo ukufikelela kwiihektare ezili-1 000 ngokusebenzisa i-PLAS (umzekelo) akavumelekanga ukuqalisa inkqubo kwiNqanaba 3 - kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umlimi ngamnye aqale kwinqanaba lokuqala andule ukuzakha ukusuka apho. Abanye abalimi bayafikelela kwisimo sokurhweba ngokupheleleyo ekugqibeleni, kodwa kukho abahlala belimela ukuziphilisa okanye ukuthengisa okuncinane ngenxa yezizathu ezahluka-hlukileyo.
Izifundo ezisisiSeko ngeMveliso yoMbona.
Intshayelelo yezifundo ngeMveliso yoMbona.
Intshayelelo yezifundo ngeMveliso kaJongilanga.
Intshayelelo yezifundo ngeMveliso yamaZimba.
Intshayelelo yezifundo ngeMveliso yeNgqolowa.
Intshayelelo yezifundo ngeMveliso yamaNdongomane.
Izifundo ngokuphatha oomatshini.
Ukuthatha intwana yomhlaba ehlalutywayo.
Ubumuncu bomhlaba (pH) nesimo se-phosphate.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba okusisiseko.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula nezibulali-zityalo.
Ukufakwa kwembewu namanani ezityalo.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula nezibulali-zityalo.
Uthungelwano namanye amashishini ngokubanzi.
Ukugqithisela ulwazi kwabanye.
Ukugqithisela ulwazi kwabanye.
Izifundo zoLondolozo lweTrektara neziXhobo zokuSebenza eFama.
Izifundo ezisisiSeko zokuKhanda iNjini.
Izifundo esezikwiBanga eliPhambili ngeMveliso yoMbona neNtengiso.
Izifundo esezikwiBanga eliPhambili ngeMveliso kaJongilanga neNtengiso.
Izifundo ngokuHlola iziNto eziSetyenziswayo neziCwangciso zeFama.
Izifundo zoPhuhliso lweZakhono zoBuchule.
Izifundo ngoLondolozo olwenziwa efama neNkxaso.
Izifundo ngokuPhathwa kooMatshini.
Ukukhanda oomatshini nokubagcina.
Ukuchumisa okukokona kulungileyo.
Ukusebenzisa izinto ezisetyenziswayo eziyindalo ngendlela eyiyona ilungileyo.
Ukulawula imingcipheko ne-inshorensi.
Ulawulo lwemali (iimali-mboleko zemveliso).
Ukufaka imilinganiselo yezixhobo zokutyala nezitshizi.
Izenzo zokuphethula umhlaba.
Ukumisela izixhobo zokusebenza.
Ukufikelela kwiintlobo zobonelelo nenkxaso karhulumente.
Amanqanaba ahluka-hlukileyo okufaka isichumiso.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngemichiza (iinkqubo).
Uthungelwano namanye amashishini ngokubanzi.
Ukugqithisela ulwazi kwabanye.
Ukugqithisela ulwazi kwabanye.
Izifundo ngoKwenza umSebenzi wokuFama ngenjongo yokufumana Iinzuzo.
Izifundo ngeMveliso yoMbona ephantsi koNkcenkcesho.
Izifundo ngeMveliso yeRhasi (iBhali) ephantsi koNkcenkcesho.
Izifundo ngeMveliso yeNgqolowa ephantsi koNkcenkcesho.
Izifundo ngoLondolozo lweetrektara zodidi oluPhezulu.
Ukuthengisa izityalo eziziinkozo.
Iintlobo zokujikeleziswa kwezityalo.
Ukwahluka-hluka nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo okukokona kufanelekileyo.
Amaqumrhu abonelela ngamagalelo.
Iibhanki nabaxhasi ngemali.
Ukukhokelela abalimi kwicandelo lokurhweba kwezolimo.
Uthungelwano namanye amashishini ngokubanzi.
Ukugqithisela ulwazi kwabanye.
Ukugqithisela ulwazi kwabanye.
<fn>PulaImvula. Farmer1.2010-08-06.xh.txt</fn>
Abatyunjwa boMlimi wonyaka waseMpumalanga Wezixa Ezincinci kunye nabagqwesileyo babhengeziwe. Ukuthweswa kophumelele ugqatso kuya kwenziwa embhiyozweni weKlabhu yeeToni ezingama-250 ngowama-26 Agasti 2010.
UApheos Masina wazalwa ngowe-1948 eBadplaas. Utshate noChristina Ncongwane kwaye banabantwana abathandathu. Ukhulele eBadplaas kanti zange waya esikolweni. Ngowe-1965 uqalise ukusebenza ehlathini eNew Town waphinda wasebenzela umbhambathiswa, iKruger Construction, esakha indlela esuka eBarbeton eya eBadplaas. Ngowe-1968 uqalise ukusebenza efama elima iintlobo ezahluka-hlukileyo zezityalo eziziinkozo kunye nemifuno ethile. Kwixesha langoku ulima umbona, iimbotyi kunye nemifuno ethile kwiihektare ezine zomhlaba olimekayo.
Ungomnye weendlalifa zeNdwandwa Trust ezafumana ifama eBadplaas abayibange phantsi kokuBuyiselwa koMhlaba. Uyindoda endala edlamkileyo osoloko ekuthakazelela ukufunda.
UNkomisheni Mhlongo wazalwa ngowe-1953 kwilali encinci kuMmandla waseNkomazi owaziwa ngokuba yi-Langeloop. Ukhulele kule lali waza waqalisa isikolo Esikolweni Samabanga Aphantsi eDriekoppies ngowe-1959. Wathunyelwa e-Lomati Dry School ekwibanga lokuqala (ibanga lesi-3 ngokwanamhla) waza waphumelela ibanga lesithandathu (ibanga lesi-8 ngokwanamhla) ngowe-1971. Ngowe-1974 uthathele kuye ikhefi encinci yomzali wakhe wayilawula. Utshate noNomasonto Ngwenya ngowe-1975 baza basikelelwa ngabantwana abasixhenxe, amakhwenkwe amabini namantombazana amahlanu. Abanye babantwana bakhe bayasebenza kanti owokugqibela usesesikolweni.
Emva kokuthathela ezandleni ishishini, wayandisa ngowe-1975 yaba yivenkile enkulu ngakumbi. Uye wathenga iibhari ezimbini zodidi, isilarha wathenga nemfuyo. Kwithuba langoku uneenkomo ezingama-345.
Ngowe-1997 wenze isigqibo sokubuyela emsebenzini wokufama njengoko abazali bakhe babesoloko besenza umsebenzi wokufama. Uqale ngokulima umbona, amandongomane, ummoba nezinye izityalo. Kwithuba langoku ulima ummoba kwiihektare ezisixhenxe, ngokunjalo nombona kunye nezinye izityalo eziziinkozo ezinjengamandongomane, iibhathanathi, i-okra neemengo - ezilinywa zonke kumhlaba omalunga neehektare ezingama-20. Umbona ulinywa phantsi konkcenkcesho kunye neetoni ezingama-20 zeebhathanathi. Sithetha nje uvuna ii-cowpea.
UNyosi Mhlanga wazalwa eGutshwa ngowe-1941 wakhulela khona eGutshwa phantsi kwempatho yomthonyama yakwaKhumalo. Yilali encinci malunga nama-20km ukusuka kuMlambo i-White eMpumalanga. Uqale ukuhamba isikolo esikolweni saseGutshwa ngowe-1952. Usishiye isikolo emva kokuphumelela ibanga lesihlanu ngowe-1959. Uqale ukusebenza ngowe-1960 e-Plaston njengomsebenzi wasekhaya. Uchithe ixesha elide lobomi bakhe esebenza kwiihotele njengompheki osentloko nanjengeweyita. Watshata noEva Khumalo ongasekhoyo ngowe-1964. Basikelelwa ngabantwana ababini, inkwenkwe nentombi. Inkosikazi yakhe imshiye ngowama-2009. Okwangoku uhlala yedwa.
Ukhulele elalini apho enze khona umsebenzi wokufana kumhlaba odityanelweyo. Bebelima umbona, amandongomane neembotyi ze-jugo. Ekukhuleni kwakhe ebesalusa imfuyo yabazali bakhe. Uqalise ukwenza umsebenzi wokufama ngowe-1978 kwada kwaba ngowe-1982 ngethuba lembalela elamnyanzela ukuba ayeke ukufama. Waba ngumsebenzi eNgodwana kodwa wabuyela emsebenzini wokufama waza walima imifuno, umbona, iimbotyi ze-jugo namandongomane. Utyale imifuno kwihektare enye yomhlaba kodwa walima ezinye izityalo kwiihektare ezine zomhlaba olimekayo. Kwakhona kulinywe iplothi yovavanyo lombona kwiminyaka emibini elandelelanayo kwifama yakhe.
UVincent Mdluli wazalwa ngowe-1941 eMahukhube (Spelanyane), kufutshane eNelspruit, phantsi kogunyaziso lomthonyama lwaseMpakeni. Yilali encinci malunga nama-50 km ukusuka eNelspruit eMpumalanga. Uqale ukufunda Esikolweni seCawa yamaRoma eDaantjie Trust ngowe-1949. Usishiye ngowe-1957 isikolo emva kokuphumelela ibanga lesixhenxe. Uye waqalisa ukusebenza njengomsebenzi owenziwa ngezigalo e-Nelspruit Sawmill ngowe-1960. Kuthe ngowe-1964 wanyuselwa ukuba abe nguMongameli, ulishiye eli qumrhu ngowe-1972. Ngowe-1976 uqeshwe e- Ellerines eyivenkile yeFanitshala njengomthengisi waza wanyuselwa waba nguMongameli ngowe-1980. Uyishiye i-Ellerines ngowe-1999.
Utshate noJosphinah Mndawe ngowe-1964 - kodwa inkosikazi yalishiya eli ngowama-2003. Bafumana abantwana abathandathu, amakhwenkwe amabini namantombazana amane. Umntwana wabo wokuqala wazalwa ngowe-1966 waza owokugqibela waba ngowe-1985. Ngowama-2007 utshate noNonhlanhla Mavuso kwaye abanabantwana.
UVincent ukhulele efama njengoko abazali bakhe bebengamafama. Bebesebenzisa iinkomo ukulima amasimi abo angumhlaba olimekayo. Ekukhuleni kwakhe ebewuthanda umsebenzi wokufama ngemfuyo nokulima izityalo. Uqalise ukuzenzela ngokwakhe umsebenzi wokufama ngowama-2003.
Uqalise ukulima ngombona, amandongomane neembotyi ze-jugo ngowama-2003 emhlabeni weehektare ezilishumi ukuya kwishumi elinesihlanu. Kutshanje ungene kulwahlulelwano noMnu Eros Mazibuko oligqwetha nomncedisa ngemibandela yemali ukuze aqhube ngomsebenzi wokufama ngendlela enika imveliso nenzuzo encomekayo. Kwithuba langoku balima malunga neehektare ezingama-30 zombona, iihektare ezintandathu zamandongomane neehektare ezimbini zeembotyi ze-jugo. Baqeshe abasebenzi abasibhozo nabaqhubi beetrektara abathathu. Baneetrektara ezine, ilitye lokusila lehamile elinye, amakhuba amathathu, amakhuba ezikotile amabini, isixhobo sokutyala esinye, izikofolo ezibini nesixhobo sokukrazula esinye. Kwakhona uVincent uneenkomo ezili-11 neebhokhwe ezili-15.
<fn>PulaImvula. Farmer2.2010-08-06.xh.txt</fn>
Umlimi wonyaka waseMpuma-Koloni Wezixa Ezincinci - ogqwesileyo ngu...
Photos: UBruce Nqezo, uSimphiwe Tshabu, uLeonard Nondonga, uColbert Timakhwe noCaledon Quta.
Abatyunjwa boMlimi wonyaka waseMpuma-Koloni Wezixa Ezincinci kunye nabagqwesileyo babhengeziwe. Ukuthweswa kophumelele ugqatso kuya kwenziwa embhiyozweni weKlabhu yeeToni ezingama-250 ngowama-26 Agasti 2010.
UBruce uneminyaka engama-56 ubudaala kwaye wazalelwa eKwadike A/A eLusikisiki. Uphumelele ibanga lematriki waza wasebenza eGold Fields eVaal Reefs ukusuka ngowe-1974 - 1976. Ubuyele ekhaya waza wasebenza njengomqhubi wetrektara kwiSebe lezoLimo kanti uphinde wasebenza njengoMncedisi kwezoPhuhliso. Utshate ngowe-1984 kwaye unamakhwenkwe amathathu namantombazana amabini. Omnye unyana wakhe wenza izifundo zemfundo ephakamileyo lo gama abanye abantwana besesesikolweni semfundo yamabanga aphezulu. UBruce wadendwa njengomqhubi wetrektara ngowama-2000 waza emva koko waqalisa ukulima umbona emhlabeni weehektare ezi-2. Kwixesha langoku ulima umbona, iimbotyi kunye neetapile emhlabeni weehektare ezintlanu.
USimphiwe Elliot Tshabu wazalwa ngomhla wama-26 Meyi 1956 kuMmandla woLawulo lwaseNtshiqo eTsolo. Ubengena esikolweni samabanga aphantsi wafikelela kwibanga lesi-4 (ibanga lesi-6 ngokwanamhla). Usebenze kwisiXeko saseKapa kwiiyadi zeedokisi iminyaka emithandathu waphinda wasebenza eVandarly Esco iminyaka engama-20. Ngowe-1997 ubuyele ekhaya waqalisa umsebenzi wokufama ngokufuya iigusha neenkomo. Ngaxeshanye ulime umbona, iimbotyi neetapile emasimini elalini. Watshata ngowe-1982 waza yena nenkosikazi yakhe baba nabantwana abathandathu: amakhwenkwe amathathu namantombazana amathathu. Omnye unyana uyasebenza kanti abanye abantwana basafunda. Ngenxa yokudendwa emigodini nokuswela ingqesho, uSimphiwe wenze isigqibo sokusebenzisa umhlaba anokuwufumana ukuze avelise ukutya ngokwenza njalo avelise ingeniso. Kwithuba langoku ulima umbona emhlabeni weehektare ezili-14.
ULeonard Nondonga wazalwa ngomhla wama-27 Oktobha 1950 kuMmandla woLawulo lwaseNjezweni. Ufunde esikolweni samabanga aphantsi wada waphumelela ibanga lesi-6 (ibanga lesi-8 ngokwanamhla). Wasebenza kwishishini lasemgodini eRustenburg esebenza kwimigodi ye-platinum ukususela ngowe-1981 ukuya kowe-1988. Watshata ngowe-1977 kwaye unamakhwenkwe amahlanu - amabini kuwo ayasebenza kodwa amathathu asafunda. Ngowe-1989 wadendwa emgodini. Wabuyela ekhaya waza waqalisa ukusebenza umhlaba elima umbona neembotyi. Ethubeni uthenge itrektara yokulima umhlaba kakuhle nangokukhawuleza. Kwithuba langoku wenza umsebenzi wobhambathiso omnceda ngokuba afumane ingeniso. ULeonard unofikelelo kumhlaba odityanelweyo weehektare ezi-4.
UColbert Timakhwe wazalwa ngomhla wesi-5 December 1944. Ukhulele phantsi kwabazali bakhe abebelima. Uye kwisikolo samabanga phantsi waza waphumelela ibanga lesi-5 (ibanga lesi-7 ngokwanamhla). Uhambe waya kusebenza emigodini yegolide eLesley, kwiTransvaal eseMpuma, iminyaka elishumi. Ngowe-1989 uyishiyile imigodi waza waya kwisiXeko saseKapa apho wayesebenzela khona i-Murray Construction. Ngowe-1991 ubuyele ekhaya apho aqhube khona umsebenzi wokufama. Watshata xa wayeseTransvaal baza banabantwana abathandathu nenkosikazi yakhe: amakhwenkwe amane namantombazana amabini. Onke amakhwenkwe selesebenza kwaye inye intombazana esafundayo. UColbert usebenzele umlimi waza kwiminyaka emi-3 wafumana amava emsebenzini wokukhupha imveliso yezolimo. Kwithuba langoku ulima umbona kumhlaba weehektare ezi-5.
UCaledon Qutha wazalwa ngomhla wama-30 Juni 1959 kuMmandla woLawulo lwaseNjijini. Ukhulele apho waza waya esikolweni samabanga aphantsi eNjijini. Waya Esikolweni seMfundo Ephakamileyo saseMt Frere apho afumene khona isatifikethi sebanga le-12 waza wafumana neDiploma yobutitshala. Emva koko uye kwisiXeko saseKapa apho asebenze khona kwizikolo eziliqela. Utshate ngowe-1983 baza bafumana abantwana ababini nenkosikazi yakhe: inkwenkwe nentombazana. Ngowe-1989 uvule ivenkile yegrosari, ethengisa iziqhamo nemifuno. Waqesha ivenkile ethengisa konke ngowama-2004 waza wabuyela eNjijini eMt Frere apho angumnini -venkile khona kwilali yakhe. UCaledon uye waba nomdla wokulima umbona kuba amaqela amaninzi abahlali ebeseyekile ukulima ukutya kwabo okungundoqo, umbona. Ukwamkhulu nomhlaba odityanelweyo ongasetyenziswayo. Umxhelo wakhe uvuswe ngabalimi abakwingingqi yaseKokstad abalima umbona ngezixa ezikhulu kanti kwithuba langoku uCaledon uvelisa umbona emhlabeni oziihektare ezingama-20.
<fn>PulaImvula. FarmerMaize.2008-12.xh.txt</fn>
Caption 2: UNeels Ferreira (GrainSA), uJohan Kriel, (umququzeleli wephondo), uLabious Manote noTonie Loots, (umququzeleli wephondo).
Ophumelele kukhutshiswano loNyaka loPhuhliso loMvelisi waseGrain SA wabhengezwa kumbhiyozo wobusuku bebhongo owawuse-Theatre kuMzila waseKyalami, ngomhla we-17 Oktobha 2008. Ngolu khuphiswano, abakwaGrain SA banqwenela ukuwonga ukugqwesa kwishishini lokulima umbona phakathi kwabavelisi abasaphuhlayo, ngokwenza njalo babonisa abanye abasangenayo kwishishini abantu abayimizekelo emihle.
Abalingwa abathandathu bathe bachongwa kuKhutshiswano loNyaka loPhuhliso loMvelisi ngowe-2008.
UIsaac Khuto waseFicksburg, eFree State.
UMvelisi oPhuhliswayo weziTyalo eziziiNkozo wonyaka nguLabious Manoto wakummandla waseMooifontein eMntla-Ntshona. Sinqwenela ukuvuyisana naye uLabious nabo bonke abanye abalingwa bebanga lokugqibela lokhutshiswano ngale mpumelelo ebalasele kangaka.
Ngezantsi kukho amanqaku ambalwa ngoLabious, ahlanganiselwe ngamalungu athatha izigqibo emva kokhenketho.
Izakhono zamandla - Uzinikele kakhulu emsebenzini, ngumsebenzi ozimiselayo. Unamava. Unolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngeshishini lakhe.
Iingcebiso - Seligqithile ixesha lakhe lokuba ngumvelisi orhwebayo.
Izakhono zamandla - Uneetrektara ezaneleyo nezixhobo zokusebenza efama. Uyayazi into ayenzayo, izityalo zakhe zinomtsalane kwaye izixhobo zakhe zokusebenza zisekwisimo esihle. Intle ishedi nendawo asebenzela kuyo.
Izakhono zamandla - Unomhlaba, unezixhobo, unoonyana ababini abasebenza naye kwaye uneminyaka ngeminyaka yamava.
Izakhono zamandla - Umsebenzi wakhe wokufama mhle uqukanisa umbona, oojongilanga, iigusha neenkomo. Ungumvelisi oselezinzile nonamava eminyaka. Unentaphane yeetrektara nezixhobo zazo, iishedi nendawo yokusebenza efanelekileyo. Unolwazi nengqiqo yomsebenzi wokufama kwaye uyayazi into ayenzayo nokuba uyenzela ntoni. Uyazidibanisa nabaxhasi bamagalelo akhe ukuze afumane amacebiso - ngembewu, isichumiso kunye nemichiza.
Iziphene zobuthathaka - Le ndoda seyikwazile ukuguzula ubuthathaka bayo kwaye ngoku seyisenza umsebenzi wokufama onenzuzo nolondolozekayo.
Iingcebiso - Lo mvelisi wenza yonke into ngendlela efanelekileyo kwaye uyayihlangabeza imiqathango yokuba ngumvelisi orhwebayo.
Izakhono zamandla - Unamava nolwazi oluncomekayo lomsebenzi wokufama. Imihlaba alima kuyo ilungile kwaye neetrektara ezisebenza ngombane zanele nezixhobo ngokunjalo.
Icebiso -- Qhuba ngomsebenzi obalaseleyo!
Izakhono zamandla - Amava alungileyo, umhlaba olungileyo nemvula elungileyo kunye neetrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza ezilungileyo.
Iziphene zobuthathaka - Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula kufuna ingqalelo - ngakumbi i-kweekgras. Intengiso yakhe inako ukuphuculwa.
Iingcebiso - Ulondoloza amandla eetrektara awaneleyo ngokuya usanda umhlaba wakhe. Wenza uphando ngomhlaba ukwenzela ukunkcenkceshela.
Izakhono zamandla - Unolwazi olubanzi ngento ayenzayo.
Iingcebiso - Makazibandakanye ngakumbi kwiintsuku zamafama nezifundo ezinikwayo ukuze afunde iinguquko eziphucukileyo nolwazi ngokunjalo.
Izakhono zamandla - indoda ENKULU -izihlangu ezikhulu -imizila emikhulu yeenyawo - efanele ukulandelwa. Umzekelo omhle onokuvuselela abanye - ngakumbi oonyana bakhe. Uvuselela ukuzithemba kokuba ikamva lezolimo xa lisezandleni ezifana nezakhe lisenokuzinza. Ufeze lukhulu nangona bekukho iminyaka yokuzabalaza neyokungafumani luncedo. Ndiyamhlonela kwaye ndimthulela umnqwazi. Le yindoda ema ngesithomo eside phakathi kwamanye amadoda. Njengomvelisi usakhula kodwa akanazintloni zokutyhila iindawo abuthathaka kuzo apho afuna uncedo khona - kwaye aqiniseke ngokulufumana olo ncedo.
Icebiso - NguMvelisi woNyaka wama-2008!
<fn>PulaImvula. FarmerOfTheYear(maize).2010-12-01.xh.txt</fn>
Umlimi woNyaka ka-2010 - i-Free State iphuma phambili kwakhona!
Photo: NguWilliam Matasane, umLimi wethu woNyaka ka-2010.
Kwiminyaka eliqela edlulileyo, kubekho ukhutshiswano olunobuhlobo phakathi kwamaphondo amabini abalulekileyo alima izityalo eziziinkozo, i-Free State noMntla-Ntshona.
Njengoko kubonakala, kwabalithoba abaphumeleleyo, abahlanu kubo bebevela kwiphondo laseMntla-Ntshona ukuze abane bavele kwiphondo laseFree State. Unyaka ka-2011 uya kuba ngunyaka wokwenza amanqam okubonisa ukuba leliphi iphondo elinabalimi abanomsebenzi ongowona ubalaseleyo!
Ngokuqinisekileyo uWilliam Matasane ugqwese ngenene kulo nyaka. Le yindoda ekhethe ukufama njengomsebenzi ewuqeqeshelweyo kwaye iyintshatsheli kuwo. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe kumanqaku elixa langaphambili, uWilliam ulima umbona noojongilanga, kwaye unomhlambi omkhulu weenkomo zenyama neegusha ezimbalwa. Uthenge ifama eyiyeyakhe kwaye uqeshe nenye intsimi ukuze andise umsebenzi wakhe. UWilliam uyindoda ezinikeleyo elusatsheni lwayo kwaye ungumsebenzi onenkathalo - ungophumelele nxazonke. Sivuyisana naye kangangoko.
<fn>PulaImvula. FarmerOfTheYear(maize).2011-06-07.xh.txt</fn>
Judges: Amalungu ephaneli (abagwebi) ibinguKarabo Peele, uJane McPherson, uGerhard Mamabolo, uJenny Mathews, uDirk van Rensburg noWillie KotzÃ©.
Koos: UKoos noLydia Mthimkhulu ekhitshini labo.
Thando: UThando Lolwane uzilungiselela ukuba asebenze entsimini yakhe.
Malefane: UMalefane Makubo uchaza uthando lwakhe lomsebenzi wokufama.
John: UJohn Dipane entsimini yakhe.
Boy: UBoy Mokoena ubonisa isityalo sakhe sikajongilanga kwiphaneli (kubagwebi).
David: UDavid Motswene entsimini yakhe.
Akukholeleki ukuba sesifike kwelo xesha lonya kwakhona. Senze isigqibo sokutyelela abalimi usaqala lo nyaka ukuze sizibone ziseluhlaza izityalo.
Senze ukhenketho ukusuka ngomhla we-11 ukuya kowe-14 kuEpreli kanti amalungu ephaneli (abagwebi) ibinguKarabo Peele (waseMaize Trust), uGerhard Mamabolo (waseAgriSETA), uJenny Mathews (weqela lomsebenzi), uDirk van Rensburg (weqela lomsebenzi), uWillie KotzÃ© noJane McPherson (umphathi kwinkqubo).
Sichulumance kakhulu kukunikwa inkxaso yesithuthi ngabakwaVolkswagen eKlerksdorp ukuba siyisebenzie kukhenketho lwethu ngoko ke siye sakwazi ukuhamba kunye.
UKoos wazalelwa ePaul Roux, kwifama kaJulius Bobbert. Ufunde kwisikolo seFama yalapho wada wafikelela kwiBanga loku-1 (Grade 3). Ukususela kwelo xesha lobuncinci bakhe, wayedlala noonyana bomfama wada waqalisa ukwenza imisebenzi eyahluka-hlukeneyo efama. Uqale kwicandelo leemveliso zobisi esenga iinkomo, esebenza ngeenkomo zenyama nangenye imfuyo, emva koko udlulele ekuqhubeni iitrektara nokusebenzisa izixhobo ngezixhobo zokusebenza, misebenzi leyo ayenze iminyaka emihlanu. UKoos uye wangumqhubi wooganda-ganda basefama waza waqalisa ukutywina (ukuwelda) kwindawo yokukhanda yasefama ekhanda kananjalo esenza izixhobo zokusebenza. Uthe xa eneminyaka engama-26 ubudala waya kwiMielibult yefama kaFrikkie du Preez apho afunde khona ngezixhobo ezininzi zokusebenza, ngokuwelda nangokulima izityalo.
UFrikkie udlale indima enkulu ekuphuhleni kukaKoos ukususela ekubeni ngumsebenzi wasefama wada waba ngumlimi orhwebayo yena ngokwakhe. Ufumene amava abanzi ngexesha lokusebenza kwakhe noFrikkie. Kwakhona uFrikkie umthengisele izixhobo zokusebenza ezininzi athe uKoos wamana ukuzihlawuleela xa efumana imali. Ngokusebenzisa izixhobo uKoos azithenge kuFrikkie, wakwazi ukusebenza njengombhambathiswa esenzela abanye abalimi abasaphuhlayo umsebenzi kwingingqi yaseSenekal. Umsebenzi wobubhambathiswa wamngenisela imali yokuhlawula izixhobo ngokupheleleyo.
UKoos waba neetrektara ze-John Deere 3140 ne-Massey Ferguson 265 kunye nezinye izixhobo zokwenza umsebenzi wobhambathiso. Wenza utyalo-mali ngeenkomo ngenye yengeniso yakhe ayifumene kubhambathiso. Emva kwexesha uqeshe iihektare ezingama-55 zomhlaba olimekayo apho alime kona umbona waza wavuna umyinge weetoni ezintathu ngehektare nganye kunyaka wokuqala. Ngowama-2007 wanikwa ifama iAstoria liSebe lemiBandela yemiHlaba apho angumlimi ongumlindi khona kwixesha langoku. UKoos ungumlimi onesakhono kakhulu kwaye uthi uyincoma kakhulu inkxaso ayifumana eGrain SA nakwiSebe lemiBandela yemiHlaba nako konke abamenzele yona kodwa uphawula athi ukulima izityalo ngemali esesandleni emhlabeni oqeshiweyo kusenokungabi nalulondolozo emva kwexesha. Ubhambathiso lufumaneka kunyaka ngamnye kwaye ubhambathiso alusayine neSebe lemiBandela yemiHlaba luqale ngomhla we-10 Novemba 2008 ukuya ngoNovemba 2009 apho iSebe lemiBandela yemiHlaba linako ukukhetha ukuhlaziya ubhambathiso lonyaka xa ifama igcinwe kakuhle kwaye ilinywa. Kwithuba elidlulileyo, abalimi bebekwazi ukufumana ithayitile ngentsimi, kodwa umgaqo-nkqubo waguqulwa kwaye akucaci ukuba uKoos uya kuze ayifumane ithayitile yalo mhlaba. lSebe lemiBandela yemiHlaba laneliseke kakhulu ngumgangatho womsebenzi obonakalisiweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwaye selitshilo ukuba imvumelwano yomgcini/umlindi iza kuhlaziywa.
Njengoko uKoos exhalatyiswa bubukho benzuzo malunga nemveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo kwimihlaba enesakhono esiphantsi kwingingqi yaseSenekal, ufuna ukwandisa ishishini lakhe lobhambathiso. Kwakhona, ukhangela imihlaba enesakhono esiphucukileyo anokuyiqesha ukuze alime umbona nojongilanga. Ukwafuna nokwandisa inani leenkomo zenyama efama. Ezinye zeenkxalabo ezinkulu zibandakanya ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweSebe lezoLimo ngokunxulumene nokunikwa kwabalimi izixhobo zokusebenza. UKoos ebenqwenela ukunyusa umgangatho wenkxaso yamanzi kuzo zonke iikampi ezikwifama yakhe, athenge ezinye iinkomo aze aseke amadlelo asisigxina kwimihlaba engekho nzulu kakhulu.
UKoos ungumzekelo omhle kakhulu womntu oqale engenanto waza wavula indlela yakhe efikelele kule ndawo akuyo namhla. Kulibhongo ukumtyelela kwifama yakhe kuba yonke into igcinwe kakuhle kwaye ibekwe ngocwangco eyadini. Zonke izixhobo zakhe zokusebenza zikhathalelwe kwaye zigcinwe eshedini. Utshate noLydia kwaye banabantwana abathathu, Omabini amantombazana atshatile kuze kubekho unyana onguClifford. UPetunia, omnye weentombi zakhe unemfundo enomsila kwezolimo kwaye usebenza njengegosa lesolula kwingingqi yaseFicksburg. UClifford wenze izifundo zeminyaka emibini zokulawula intengiso nezolimo, usebenze ebupoliseni iminyaka emibini ngoku usefama isigxina, wenza umsebenzi wokufama noTata wakhe. Unobuchule obubanzi kakhulu bokusebenza ngoomatshini, buchule obo obubonakala kwimeko ebalasele kakhulu yezixhobo zakhe. UKoos nosapho lwakhe bahlala efama kwaye bangumzekelo omhle kakhulu wohlobo lwenguquko efuneka kweli candelo.
UThando wazalwa ngowe-1957 eGelukspan (Bapong). Ungunyana wethoba kaStention noFrancinah Lowane kubantwana babo abali-12. Uqale ukufunda kwisiKolo samaBanga aPhantsi saseMotswenyane ukususela ngowe-1966 waza waphuma ngowe-1971 emva kokuphumelela iBanga lesi-5 (Grade 7).
Ngowe-1997 uqalise ukusebenza eStilfontein Panelbeaters njengomsebenzi jikelele waza washiya apho wangena eMarico Foodstar ngengombhexeshi kamatshini iinyanga ezimbalwa. Emva koko usebenze eMgodini weGolise waseStilfontein njengomqhubi wetreyini ehamba ngaphantsi komhlaba.
Utshate noAtholia Lolwane kwaye basikelelwe ngabantwana abahlanu, iintombi ezi-2 noonyana abathathu. Unyana wakhe wokuqala uJacob (32) ngoku usebenza kwiSebe lezeMpilo eSchweizer-Reineke. UProgress (30) yena usebenzela uPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo. UGladwin (28) usebenze kwezokhuselo kanti uphinda asebenze noyise efama. UPrimrose (24) wenza izifundo zeZolimo eTaletso FET kanti uNomvuyo (16) ufunda kuGrade 10 kwisiKolo samaBanga aPhezulu saseBethel. UGladwin unomdla kakhulu emsebenzini wokufama kwaye uncedisa utata wakhe efama.
UThando waqalisa ngomsebenzi wokufama ngowe-1982 ngokuncedisa utata wakhe. Ngowe-1983 wakwazi ukufumana imali-mboleko eAgribank (eBophuthatswana) waza waqalisa ngokufama emhlabeni weehektare ezingama-75 ngetrektara enye. Ngowe-1989 wathenga enye itrektara ye-6010 Ford -6010. Wathenga ifama yeehektare ezingama-400 eKlippan, waqesha enye ifama yama-249 eLareystryd waphinda waqesha imihlaba edityanelweyo eGelukspan. Ngowama-2008, uThando waye nguMlimi Wonyaka weToyota New Harvest. NgokukaThando ezolimo bubomi!
UMalefane wazalelwa ePetrus Steyn ngowama-25 Septemba 1949. Ukhulele kwifama kaMnu C.A. Claasen kwingingqi yasePetrus Steyn. Uphume esikolweni emva kokuphumelela iBanga lesi-4 kwisiKolo samaBanga aPhantsi saseDanielsrus kufuphi nePetrus Steyn. UMalefane wayeyithanda ifama waza waqalisa ukusebenza efama kubudala be-12. Waqeshwa njengomsebenzi wexesha elipheleleyo efama eneminyaka eli-15 ubudala. UMalefane uthi ngoko wayefumana umvuzo wama-50c ngenyanga waza waqala ukufumana umvuzo opheleleyo (R2 ngenyanga) akuba selekwazi ukuthwala ingxowa yombona yama-200 lb entloko!
UMalefane wahamba efama waya kusebenzela i-VKB - uthi wawumhle umvuzo wakhe kwaza oko kwenza ukuba abe nako ukutshata inkosikazi yakhe (wawuyi-R10 ngenyanga). Emva kweminyaka eliqela, wacelwa ngumlimi orhwebayo ukuba abuyele efama. Uthi babehlala kakuhle kwaye befumana nebhonasi emva kwesivuno seengxowa zombona ezingama-20 - yayintle loo mali.
UMalefane wayenqwenela ukusebenza ezixekweni kwiziza ekwakhiwa kuzo waza waya kuhlala eQwaQwa ukuze "incwadi yepasi yakhe" imvumele ukuba akwazi ukuyishiya loo ndawo. Ngowe-1990 uMalefane wathatha isigqibo sokushiya izixeko wagoduka waya eQwaqwa apho wayeza kuthenga khona ifama. Uqale waqeshiselwa ifama owayeyihlawulela irente (R3 500 qho kwinyanga ezintandathu), kodwa ugqibele ngokukwazi ukuthenga ifama ngokusebenzisa imali-mboleko yaseLandBank aseleyihlawule ngokupheleleyo ngoku. Uthenge ifama yeehektare ezingama-560 apho ama-200 eehektare abe ngumhlaba olimekayo khona.
UMalefane uthi ukwenze umthetho-siseko wakhe ukuhlawula amatyala akhe nanini xa efumana ingeniso evela kwifama yakhe - izidingo zakhe ziza mva emva kokuhlawula ityala. Uwahlawule onke amatyala akhe kanti ngoku ulima ingqolowa, umbona, iimbotyi zesoya, iimbotyi ezomileyo, iinkomo zenyama kanti unalo necandelo elincinci leemveliso zobisi. UMalefane unethemba ngekamva kwaye uyawuthanda umsebenzi wasefama.
UJohn wazalelwa kwifama iVaalbank kwingingqi yaseSenekal. Wahamba isikolo seVaalbank sasefama wada waphumelela u-grade 6. Emva kokuba sefama iminyaka emine ungene kwiSebe lezeeNdlela ngowe-1970 waba ngumqhubi kaganda-ganda. Uchithe iminyaka engama-23 eqhuba ooganda-ganda beSebe lezeeNdlela nakweleMisebenzi kaWonke-wonke. UJohn utshate noJeanette (obengutitshala kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi saseSenekal iminyaka engama-30) kanti abantwana babo sebetshatile.
UJohn nabahlobo abane bathenga ifama eRooikoppies kodwa bayithengisela uMnu Mohapi ngowama-2005. Emva koko uJohn uthenge ifama iConcordia ngokuncedwa yiMibandela yezeMihlaba ngowama-2005. Ebesenayo ithayitile yefama. Wanelisekile ngoncedo alufumeneyo kude kube ngoku kwiSebe lezoLimo, kweleMibandela yezeMihlaba nakwiGrain SA. Ungumlimi othanda ukwenza izinto ngendlela ayiqhelileyo. Ifama yakhe iziihektare ezingama-277 aphinde kwakhona aqeshe iihektare ezili-114 zomhlaba olimekayo.
Eminye yemiceli-mingeni emenza axhalabe ziindleko eziphezulu zamagalelo kunye namaxabiso aphantsi ezityalo eziziinkozo. Imisebenzi yakhe yokufama isemgangathweni kwaye nezixhobo zakhe zokusebenza efama zifanelekile. Njengoko uJohn engasengomfana, wenza izicwangciso namalungiselelo alungileyo ukuze umsebenzi wenziwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
UBoy wazalelwa eMiddelburg ngowe-1948 efama apho babeqeshwe khona. Utshatile unabantwana abane. Zange waya esikolweni kwaye njengenkwenkwe eselula waba nothando lwezolimo kakhulu esalusa. Ngezo ntsuku kwakunganyanzelekanga ukuya esikolweni ngoko ke kuye kwaphuhla uthando lwendalo.
Uqale ukusebenza kwiifama zabalimi abarhwebayo waza waziphucula ukusuka ekubeni ngumsebenzi kuphela ukuya kumqhubi wetrektara waza wagqibela ngokuba yinduna. Njengomntu obengumalusi kuqala ukwanothando olunzulu lokufuya iinkomo. Ngoku kwifama yakhe uneenkomo ezingamakhulu amabini zokurhweba.
Phantse kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu uBoy ebeneenkomo zenyama zokurhweba ezimalunga namakhulu asibhozo kanti uza kwenza enye yeempazamo zokuthengisa iinkomo kuba efuna ukuthenga izixhobo zokulima izityalo zokuxelenga umhlaba. UBoy ebenesizikithi ajikeleza kuso esimalunga neehektare ezingama-40 efama yakhe esakhiwa kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo. Ngelishwa, kwabiwa iikheyibhile kwisizikithi ajikeleza kuso nesikhululo sokumpompa zabiwa.
Naxa engafundanga yena, uBoy akababekanga phantsi abantwana bakhe ngokungabaniki imfundo. Bobathathu abantwana bakhe bashiya amaphandle baya edolophini kwaye baqhuba kakuhle apho. Intombi yakhe imncedisa ngolawulo lweshishini nangeminye imibandela yemali yasefama.
Ngelishwa uBoy akanathemba kwaphela ngexesha elizayo lonyaka. Kuya kuba sisiphelo esibi kakhulu ukulahlekelwa ngumlimi obalasele njengaye okwaziyo ukuzenzela yonke imisebenzi.
UDavid wazalelwa eMiddleburg ngowe-1949 kwifama yePatatfontein. Wayekholisa ukuncedisa utata wakhe notatomkhulu wakhe efama waza ngenxa yoko waba nothando lomsebenzi wokufama eselula. Babewenza umsebenzi wasefama ngokusebenzisa indlela yakudala eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-"derde deel" apho babelima intsimi ngokusebenzisa iinkabi kwaye bezenzela ngokwabo amagalelo entsimi ukuze kuthi xa kufike ixesha lokuvuna bafumane inxalenye enye yezityalo kwezintathu.
UDavid uzinceda ngokwakhe ngenkxaso-mali kuba enamanye amashishini awenzayo afana nelokwandisa imihlambi yeehagu iNaga eliphuhle kakhulu nelingumsebenzi wasefama ogcinwe kakuhle. Ukholelwa ekugcineni icandelo ngalinye lomsebenzi wokufama liqhuba ngokwalo ukuze xa lingamsebenzeli alivale. Uthenga imbewu yakhe eMonsanto kwaye akasebenzi mbewu ye-GM (enemfuza eguqu-guqulweyo). Imichiza ithengwa eQuemico kanti isichumiso sona sifumaneka eSasol Nitro. Wanelisekile ngabaxumi bakhe bamagalelo kuba abanyamalali emva kokusiwa kwee-odolo.
UDavid akafunanga kuphawula ngendima edlalwa nguRhulumente kwezoLimo nasekuphuhlisweni kwabalimi. Ukholelwa ekubeni impumelelo yakhe isezandleni zakhe nakwinkxaso-mali yakhe kanti elinye icala lempumelelo yakhe kukuba akakholelwa ekuthatheni iindlela ezinqumlayo - inye indlela ekhoyo yile elungileyo.
Isoyikiso esikhulu esimothusayo sesentlekele yendalo esifana nembalela, isichotho okanye nawuphi omnye ubhubhane. Esinye isoyikiso kukungabikho kozinzo kummandla wentengiso apho iindleko zamagalelo zingahambelaniyo khona neembuyekezo nokungabikho kolawulo phezu kwamaxabiso ngenxa yemveliso eninzi kakhulu.
UDavid unqwenela ukwandisa nokulima iihektare ezithe chatha kwaye unaso isakhono soomatshini sokukwenza oko. Ukuxhathisa kwiminyaka ezayo kuya kuxhomekeka ekuhlalutyeni ummandla wentengiso ngokuchanekileyo nokulima izityalo ezichanekileyo ngokwezidingo zoqoqosho olufunekayo ukuze kufumaneke ukuphila.
Olu khutshiswano lusemgangathweni phezulu lonke, kodwa sinovuyo ukubhengeza ukuba abantu abagqwesileyo abathathu nguThando Lolwane, Malefane Makubo noKoos Mthimkhulu. Sibanqwenelela yonke impumelelo.
<fn>PulaImvula. FarmersDaysMaize.2009-01.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama kukuseka nokulawula iiplothi zeemvavanyo apho abavelisi banokufunda khona iinzuzo zokulungisa umhlaba ngokuchanekileyo, ukufakwa kwezichumiso, ukukhethwa kwemihlanganisela, ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula nezinambuzane ezibulala izityalo kunye nokuvuna.
Abaqeshwa abakwinkqubo banxulumanisa ukusekwa kwezi mvavanyo nabanye abadlali-ndima kwishishini eli - umbhambathiswa, amaqumrhu embewu, amaqumrhu ezichumiso kunye namaqumrhu emichiza yezolimo ukuze abavelisi bafikelele kwiinkcukacha neendlela zobuchule ezizezona zinokubalasela kumsebenzi wemveliso.
Zakuba iziza zeemvavanyo zemiboniso zisekiwe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abavelisi abasaphuhlayo kuloo ngingqi bafikelele kuyo yonke imiba yokutyala nokuhlakulela izityalo eziza kutyalwa kwezo ziza. Iintsuku zamafama zinika ithuba lokudibana kwabavelisi nabanye abavelisi, kananjalo namaqumrhu anika iinkxaso zamagalelo kunye nabo bonke abanye abadlali-zindima kwishishini abamenywe ukuba yinxalenye yezi ntsuku - abavelisi bafumana ulwazi oluninzi kunye namava kule micimbi.
ezine ezincinci zamafama.
Kwinkqubo yethu, sizama ukubandakanya nokuqukanisa bonke abadlali-zindima abahluka-hlukileyo kwishishini lezolimo kuphuhliso lwabavelisi - kukho indima efanele ukudlalwa ngumntu ngamnye ngokobungcali bakhe. Unxulumaniso lubalulekile ukuba inkqubela kufuneka inganqunyanyiswa kwaye ilondolozeke.
<fn>PulaImvula. Farming.2008-11.xh.txt</fn>
Ukulima kubandakanya ntoni?
Mhlawumbi kukhuselekile ukuthi ukususela ekuqaleni kwezolimo, njengoko sisazi namhla, umhlaba okhoyo ehlabathini onokusetyenziselwa ukulima unemida.
Kukho izenzo zomsebenzi wemveliso (umzekelo imveliso ekhuliswa ngamanzi nezichumiso kuphela), ezenza ukuba umsebenzi wemveliso ube yinto enokwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umhlaba njengejelo lokukhulisa izityalo, kodwa ubukhulu becala umsebenzi wokulima unengxaki yokuba umhlaba wokukhupha imveliso unqongophele kwaye unemida. Ngokubanzi gabalala, umsebenzi wokulima ubandakanya ukuveliswa kokutya neentsinga (imicu). Uhlobo lokulima okwenziwa kwindawo okanye kwilizwe elithile lusekwa kwimiba ethile efana nemozulu, umhlaba kunye nesithethe. Abantu abanomhlaba banothakazelelo olusisiseko sokondla nokuxhasa usapho lwabo olusentloko - ukhuseleko lwasekhaya lokutya. Kuxa ke kwaneliswe iimfuno zosapho kuphela apho umsebenzi wemveliso unokugqithiselwa kwilinge loshishino apho imveliso kuba sukuba seyiveliswa ngezixa ezikhulu ize ithengiswe ukuze kufumaneke ingeniso.
Kwiminyaka emininzi, kuthe kwacaca ukuba amazwe anako ukumelana neentlekele zalo naluphi uhlobo ngalawo anokutya okwaneleyo. Ngokwamalinge anamhla okuvelisa ukutya, amazwe amaninzi ayakwazi ukuvelisa ukutya neentsinga ezithe chatha kunezo azifunela ukuzisebenzisa. Uninzi lwamazwe aphuhlileyo avelisa ukutya okuthe chatha kunoko akufunayo, kanti ngokwemigqaliselo esisiseko kwezoqoqosho, inyaniso yokuba inkxaso ingaphezulu kwemfuno ebangwayo ifanele ukuba nesiphumo sokuhla kwamaxabiso nto leyo eya kunyanzela abavelisi abathile ukuyeka ukulima eso sityalo. Kumazwe aliqela, abavelisi bafumana inkxaso-mali ukuze baqhube ngomsebenzi wokuvelisa kuba urhulumente welo lizwe efuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilizwe elo liphelele liya kuhlala linokhuseleko lokutya.
Amazwe avelisa ukutya okuthe chatha kufuneka athumele kwamanye amazwe ukutya okungazi kusetyenziswa. Kaninzi oku kutya kuthengiswa kwelinye ilizwe ngexabiso elisezantsi kuneendleko ebezichithwe lilizwe elivelise ukutya okuyelele ekutyeni kwalo. Oku kunokwenziwa ziinkxaso-mali, kodwa kusenokuba sisiphumo semozulu efanele umsebenzi wokuvelisa loo mthombo wemveliso (umzekelo, abavelisi baseNew Zealand banokuvelisa ubisi emadlelweni abo ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu bandule ukuthumela ngaphandle ubisi kunye neemveliso zobisi kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi apho iindleko zomsebenzi wokuvelisa ziphezulu khona).
Njengoko bekuxoxiwe, umhlaba okhoyo wokuvelisa ukutya neentsinga nakweliphi ilizwe unemida. Ngenjongo yokhuseleko lwelo lizwe, kubalulekile ukuba wonke loo mhlaba uhlale usetyenziselwa umsebenzi wemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, umhlaba lowo unokuhlala ungowemveliso kuphela xa abavelisi befumana inzuzo ngomsebenzi lowo wemveliso. Kwixesha langoku sinengxaki ngenxa yeendleko zokuvelisa umbona, ujongilanga, amazimba kunye neembotyi zesoya ezinyuke kakhulu kanti oku kusisothuso kwinzuzo enokufumaneka ngomsebenzi wokuvelisa ukutya okuziinkozo.
Sibacebise ngokuthi mabenze ntoni abavelisi?
Sicebisa abavelisi ukuba bangalimi de bafumane ummandla wentengiso yemveliso ngexabiso elingaphezulu kweleendleko zokuyivelisa ngetoni nganye.
Sicebisa ukuba xa ulima ukutya ngenjongo yokukusebenzisa ngokwakho, oko ukwenze ngendlela eya kwenza ukuba wena nosapho lwakho nibe nokhuseleko lwasekhaya lokutya.
Emva kokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwasekhaya lokutya, zama ukufumana ummandla wentengiso, wandule ukulima ngenjongo yokwanelisa loo mmandla wentengiso kuphela.
Njengoko ixesha lonyaka lokutyala selikufutshane, sininqwenelela yonke impumelelo. Uxolo, Imvula Nenkqubela - Peace, Rain and Prosperity.
<fn>PulaImvula. February(maize).2011-02-08.xh.txt</fn>
Isiphithiphithi sokusebenza esenzeka ngexesha ngalinye lehlobo lokutyala izityalo sifanele ukuba siyetha kwaye umlimi uyakwazi ngoku ukujonga emva kwizityalo ezimi entsimini. Kukho ithemba lokuba amanani ezityalo anele, nelokuba ibala lezityalo lelo linqwenelekayo eliluhlaza okunzulu, nokuba akukho lukhula olukhuphisana nezityalo - ngokufutshane, konke kukhangeleka kuza kunika inyhikityha yesivuno.
Nangona kunjalo, kaninzi kufumaniseka ukuba asiyo yonke into ehamba ngokwesicwangciso kwaye izityalo ezisentsimini azilunganga ngendlela ebekulindeleke ngayo. Eli lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuphanda ngezinto ezinokuba azihambanga kakuhle.
Amanani ezityalo - ingaba abaluleke ngenene?
Xa etyala izityalo, umlimi makabe selenesicwangciso malunga namanani athile ezityalo anokufumaneka. Isityalo ngasinye sinesakhono esithile sokuvelisa iinkozo - imibandela ecutha isivuno bubukho bamanzi omhlaba, izondlo, ukukhanya nokufudumala. Inani lezityalo elinokufumana inkxaso ngendawo nganye yentsimi lixhomekeke, ubukhulu becala, kwisixa esikhoyo samanzi omhlaba. Amanani ezityalo ngendawo nganye abaluleke ngaphezu kobubanzi obuthile bemiqolo njengoko izityalo zikwazi ukufumana indawo ukufikelela kwiqondo elithile. Ububanzi bemiqolo phantsi kweemeko zomhlaba owomileyo bahluka ukusuka ku 0,9 m, ukuya ku 2,1 m okanye ku 2,3 m oko kuxhomekeke kwizixhobo zokusebenza ezisetyenziswayo nakwisixokelelwano sohlobo lokuhlakula esisetyenziswayo. Imiqolo enobubanzi obukhulu icetyiswa apho isivuno ekujoliswe kuso siphantsi, amanani ezityalo anqwenelekayo ephantsi, imvula iphantsi, apho kukho khona iingxaki malunga nokhukuliseko lomoya nalapho ukhula oluphakathi kwemiqolo luza kutshatyalaliswa ngoomatshini.
Ububanzi obucuthekileyo phakathi kwemiqolo bucetyiswa apho isivuno ekujoliswe kuso siphezulu, apho imvula ininzi khona, apho kukho ithambeka entsimini nalapho ukhula luya kutshatyalaliswa ngemichiza (akunakwenzeka ukutshabalalisa ukhula ngoomatshini kwimiqolo esondelelene kakhulu njengoko kungasayi kubakho sithuba sokuba itrektara ihambe phakathi kwemiqolo).
Isivuno ekujoliswe kuso sinendima ebalulekileyo ekufumaniseni amanani ezityalo afunekayo. Amanani ezityalo aphantsi kakhulu acutha isakhono sesivuno kanti amanani aphezulu kakhulu akhokelela kuxinzelelo olwandileyo kwisityalo nto leyo nayo ecutha isivuno. Izityalo ezityalwe ngokusondelana zikholisa ukuba nomngcipheko owandileyo wezifo (njengokubola kwesikhondo) kanti nokuxinaniseka kuxhaphaka ngakumbi.
Indawo nganye nomhlanganisela ngamnye unamanani ezityalo acetyiswayo. Ukuba akufikelelwa kumanani anqwenelekayo, sisuka sichaphazeleke kakubi isakhono sesivuno (ngokufutshane, akusayi kubakho zityalo zaneleyo ezinika isixa esinqwenelekayo seenkozo).
Abangwa yintoni amanani angaphucukanga ezityalo?
Iliqela imibandela enokubangela amanani angaphucukanga ezityalo kwaye ezo zizathu zinxulumene namabakala ahluka-hlukileyo kuphuhliso lwesityalo.
Ukuntshula okungaphucukanga ngomnye woonobangela abakhulu besimo esingaphucukanga sasekugqibeleni.
Imilinganiselo yamaqondo esixhobo sokutyala isenokuba ibingachanekanga nto leyo ebangele imbewu embalwa kakhulu ethe yatyalwa entsimini.
Ubukhulu bembewu busenokuba bobungachanekanga ngokunxulumene neepleyiti zesixhobo sokutyala esisetyenzisiweyo.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba imbewu ibincinci kakhulu ngokunxulumene nesixhobo sokutyala, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iinkozwana zembewu ezimbini zizame ukungena emngxunyeni ngaxeshanye - zixinge kungabikho nto etyaliweyo.
Ukusebenza "kwesipoqisi" esikwisixhobo sokutyala sisenokuba nemposiso size siqobe imbewu edlulayo.
Kwizixhobo zomoya zokutyala, indawo elikhamte isenokungabi namandla aneleyo okubamba imbewu kwindawo echanekileyo de ityaleke.
Ngokubanzi ulondolozo olungagqibelelanga lwesixhobo sokutyala lubanga iingxaki ezimbalwa ezahluka-hlukileyo zokusebenza kukamatshini ezenza ukuba ibe mbalwa kakhulu okanye yaphuke imbewu etyalwayo.
Udidi lwembewu lusenokuba aluphucukanga - yimbewu endala, okanye yimbewu enesifo enepesenti yokuntshula engaphucukanga.
Phantsi kweemeko zemvula eninzi kakhulu, isithole esintshulayo sisenokungafumani mongomoya (oksijini) owaneleyo emhlabeni.
Phantsi kweemeko zokubalela okukhulu, imbewu isenokungafikeleli ngokwaneleyo ekufumeni komhlaba okunokubanga ukuntshula.
Sakuba sityaliwe isityalo, imvula enkulu isenokwenza ukuba umhlaba undindane ukuze kuphuhle ukhoko oluqinileyo oluthintela izithole ukuba zingahlumi.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba bekukho imichiza eyintsalela emhlabeni ebulala isityalo esintshulayo.
Kwixesha lokutyala elifika kwangoko, imbewu isenokuba ityalwe xa ubushushu bomhlaba bebusephantsi kakhulu bungakwazi kuvumela ukwenzeka kokuntshula.
Imbewu isenokuba ityalwe nzulu kakhulu nto leyo eyenza ukuba isityalo singakwazi ukuhluma.
Izinambuzane, iintaka okanye izilwanyana ezincinci ezincancisayo kunokwenzeka ukuba zitye imbewu ingekantshuli.
Enye yeengxaki ezixhaphake kakhulu emva kokuntshula kukonakaliswa zizinambuzane - ngakumbi imibungu esikayo esitya sonke isityalo apha ngaphezulu.
Iintaka zingazitya ziphele izithole ezincinci (nangona oku kungafane kube yingxaki enkulu).
Phantsi kweemeko zokubalela, zesanti, zokuvuthuza komoya (ukhukuliseko lomoya) izithole zisenokugqumeka zisazama ukuhluma.
Isichotho sinokwenza umonakalo kwizithole.
Ubushushu obugqithisileyo (umsinga womoya oshushu) unokuzomisa khonkqo izithole.
Iqabaka ekuqaleni kweli xesha lonyaka isenokuzibulala izithole.
Kwiziganeko ezithile, njengoko kunjalo ngokunxulumene noojongilanga, sisiqhelo ukusebenzisa ierhe ekuqhekezeni ukhoko oluphezulu olusenokuba luphuhle ngenxa yemvula entsimini elinyiweyo Ierhe inako ukonakalisa izithole.
Ukutyisa impahla kuyingxaki enkulu kwiindawo ezininzi.
Ukutshabalalisa ukhula ngoomatshini kukholisa ukubanga umonakalo kwizityalo - ukuba izikere zesikofolo azimiswanga kakuhle, ukuba umqhubi akawuthatheli ngqalelo ngokwaneleyo umsebenzi awenzayo (ukuba umsebenzi wokutyala awenziwanga kakuhle kwaye nemiqolo ayilungelelananga ngokunjalo ayithanga tye, ukulima kuba yingxaki kude konakale nezityalo).
Izifo zisenokubanga iilahleko kwizityalo.
Ukhutshiswano olwenziwa lukhula olunobuzaza lunokubanga iilahleko zezityalo.
Yintoni isisombululo samanani angaphucukanga ezityalo?
Ukuba ixesha liyavuma, isityalo sisenokuphinda sityalwe (nangona oku ngokuqinisekileyo kubanga iziphumo ezixhalabisayo malunga neendleko).
Xa kukho umqolo omnye ongekhoyo (ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwesixhobo sokutyala) lo mqolo unokutyalwa kwangoko emva kokufunyaniswa kwengxaki.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba oonobangela bamanani angaphucukanga ezityalo bachongwe ukuze basonjululwe bangaphindi bazibonakalise kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. February.2008-02.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: Imbewu yombona enkulu kakhulu kunemingxuma yepleyiti yesixhobo sokutyala - zange ityalwe.
Photo 2: Imvula inokwenza umhlaba ugangatheke kuze oko kubange ukuphuhla kwesikhoko esilukhuni esithintela ukuhluma kwezithole.
Photo 3: Isityalo esingumbona esasityalelwe nzulu kakhulu kwaza kwanzima ukuba sihlume.
Photo 4: Enye yeengxaki ezixhaphake kakhulu emva kokuntshula kukonakaliswa zizinambuzane.
Ingxokozelo eyenziwa ngumsebenzi wexesha ngalinye lonyaka lasehlobo lokutyala izityalo ifanele ukuba yethile ngoku ukuze umfama abe kwisimo sokuqwalasela izityalo ezimi entsimini. Kukho ithemba lokuba amanani ezityalo anele, kwaye umbala wesityalo ngulo onqwenelekayo oluhlaza obunzulu, nokuba akukho lukhula olukhuphisana nesityaloo - ngokufutshane, yonke into ibonakala ilungele isivuno esiphuphumayo.
Naxa kunjalo, phantse kaninzi izinto zonke azenzekanga ngokwendlela ebekucwangciswe ngayo kwaye isityalo esisentsimini asilunganga ngokwendlela ebekuthenjwa ngayo. Eli ke lelona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuphanda izinto ezinokuthi mhlawumbi zibe aziqhubanga kakuhle.
Amanani ezityalo - ingaba yinto enomsebenzi leyo?
Xa etyala isityalo, umfama kufuneka abe nesicwangciso sokufumana amanani athile acetyiswayo ezityalo. Isityalo ngasinye sinesakhono esithile sokuvelisa iinkozo - imibandela eba sisithintelo kwisivuno linqanaba lobukho bamanzi emhlabeni, izondlo, ukukhanya nobushushu. Amanani ezityalo anokunikwa inkxaso ngendawo nganye yomlinganiselo wentsimi axhomekeke, ubukhulu becala kwisixa samanzi omhlaba afumanekayo. Amanani ezityalo ngendawo nganye yomlinganiselo abaluleke ngaphezu kobubanzi obuthile bomqolo njengoko izityalo zikwazi ukuyekelela ukufikelela kwiqondo elithile. Iziganeko zobubanzi bemiqolo phantsi kweemeko zomhlaba owomileyo zinokwahluka ukusuka kwi-0,9 m ukuya kwi-2,1 m okanye I-2,3 m kodwa oko kuxhomekeke kwizixhobo ezisetyenziswayo ezifumanekayo njengoomatshini kunye nohlobo lwesixokelelwano sokuhlakula esisetyenziswayo. Imiqolo ethande ukuba banzi iyaboniswa apho isivuno ebekujoliswe kuso sisezantsi, xa amanani esityalo anqwenelekayo esezantsi, xa imvula enayo isezantsi, nalapho kukho iingxaki zokhukuliseko lomhlaba kananjalo nalapho kukho khona ukhula oluya kutshatyalaliswa ngoomatshini phakathi kwemiqolo.
Imiqolo ethande ukuba mxinwa iboniswa apho isivuno ebekujoliswe kuso sithande ukuba phezulu, apho kukho khona imvula eninzi, apho kukho ithambeka entsimini nalapho ukhula lutshatyalaliswa khona ngemichiza (xa kungenakwenzeka ukutshabalalisa ukhula ngoomatshini xa imiqolo inezithuba ezimxinwa kakhulu njengoko kungasayi kubakho ndawo yokuhamba kwetrektara kwizithuba eziphakathi kwemiqolo).
Isivuno ekujoliswe kuso sinendima ebalulekileyo ekuqwalaseleni amananai ezityalo afunekayo. Amanani ezityalo asezantsi kakhulu anyina isivuno esinesakhono, kanti amanani aphezulu kakhulu akhokelela kudandatheko olwandileyo kwisityalo esisuka naso sinciphise isivuno. Izityalo ezityalwa ngokusondelelana zikholisa ukuba semngciphekweni wokwanda kwezifo (njengokubola kwezikhondo) nokuminxana kuba yinto exhaphakileyo.
Indawo nganye nesityalo esingumhlanganiselwa ngasinye sinamanani ezityalo acetyiswayo. Ukuba amanani anqwenelekayo awafumaneki ngoko ke isakhono sesivuno siya kuchaphazeleka ngendlela enganiki themba (ngokufutshane, akusayi kubakho zityalo zaneleyo ukuvelisa isixa esinqwenelekayo seenkozo).
Banokuba yintoni oonobangela bamanani ezityalo asezantsi?
Iliqela imibandela enokuba ngunobangela wamanani ezityalo asezantsi kwaye oonobangela abo banxulumene namabakala ahlukahlukeneyo kuphuhliso lwesityalo.
Ukuntshula okungaphucukanga ngomnye woonobangela abakhulu besimo sasekugqibeleni esingaphucukanga.
Amaqondo emilinganiselo yesixhobo sokutyala ebenokungachaneki nto leyo eyenza ukuba imbewu etyalwa entsimini ibe mbalwa kakhulu.
Ubukhulu bembewu busenokungachaneki ngokunxulumene neepleyiti zesixhobo sokutyala ezisetyenzisiweyo (photo 1).
Imbewu isenokuba ibincinci kakhulu ngokunxulumene nesixhobo sokutyala nto leyo eyenza ukuba iinkozo ezimbini zizame ukungena emngxunyeni ngexesha elinye - zixinanise ze kungabikho nto ityalwayo.
Intsebenzo-matshini 'yesikhenkcezi' kwisixhobo sokutyala isenokuba ayisebenzi kakuhle kwaye yaphula imbewu xa idlula.
Kwizixhobo zokutyala zasemoyeni, ukufunxa kwaso kusenokuba akomelelanga ngokwaneleyo ukubamba imbewu kwindawo efanelekileyo de ityalwe.
Ulondolozo lwesixhobo sokutyala olungaphucukanga lukholisa ukubanga iingxaki eziliqela zikamatshini ezibanga ukuncipha okukhulu okanye ukwaphuka kwembewu etyalwayo.
Umgangatho wembewu usenokungaphucuki - imbewu endala, okanye imbewu enesifo enepesenti engaphucukanga yokuntshula.
Phantsi kweemeko ezimanzi kakhulu, izithole ezintshulayo zisenokuba zilanjisiwe ngomongomoya (oxygen) esemhlabeni.
Phantsi kweemeko ezome kakhulu, imbewu isenokuba ayifumenanga lufikelelo lwaneleyo ekufumeni komhlaba okwenza ukuqalisa kokuntshula.
Sakuba sityaliwe isityalo, imvula ena ngamandla isenokwenza ukugangatheka komhlaba ukuze kuvele iqweqwe elilukhuni elithintela ukuhluma kwezithole (kuboniswe kwi-photo 2).
Kusenokuba kubekho intsalela yemichiza emhlabeni ebulala isityalo esintshulayo.
Kwixesha lonyaka lokutyala kwangoko, imbewu isenokuba ityalwe xa ubushushu bomhlaba bebusezantsi kakhulu ukuvumela ukuntshula.
Imbewu isenokuba ibityalwe nzulu kakhulu nto leyo eyenze ukuba singabi nako ukuhluma isityalo (photo 3).
Izinambuzane, iintaka okanye izidalwana ezincancisayo ezincinci zisenokuba zitye imbewu phambi kokuba intshule.
Enye yeengxaki ezixhaphake kakhulu emva kokuntshula kukonakaliswa zizinambuzane - ngakumbi imibungu esikayo etya isityalo isuse indawo ephezulu (photo 4).
Iintaka zisenokutya zisuse izithole eziselula (nangona oku kungakholisi ukuba kube yingxaki enkulu).
Kwiimeko ezomileyo, nezinesanti, ukuhamba nomoya (ukhukuliseko lomoya) kusenokuphumelela ukungcwaba izithole xa zisazama ukuhluma.
Isichotho sisenokwenza umonakalo omkhulu kwizithole.
Ubushushu obugqithisileyo (njengakumsinga wobushushu) bunokubanga ukoma okugqibeleleyo bezithole.
Iqabaka kwixesha lonyaka langoko inokuzibulala izithole.
Kwiziganeko ezithile, njengakoojongilanga, yinto eqhelekileyo ukusebenzisa ierhe (roleg) ukwaphula iqweqwe elingaphezulu elinokuba liphuhle njengesiphumo semvula kwintsimi elinyiweyo. Ierhe inokubanga umonakalo kwizithole.
Ukutyisa impahla efuyiweyo yingxaki enkulu kwiindawo ezininzi.
Ukutshabalalisa ukhula ngoomatshini kukholisa ukubanga umonakalo kwizityalo - ukuba izikere zesixhobo sokuhlakula azimiselwanga ngokuchanekileyo, naxa umqhubi enganonopheli uqwalaselo olwaneleyo kumsebenzi osesandleni sakhe (xa umsebenzi wokutyala ubungenziwanga kakuhle kwaye nemiqolo ibe ibingalungelelananga kwaye ingathanga tye, ukuhlakula kuba yingxaki kude kubange umonakalo kwisityalo).
Izifo zisenokubanga iilahleko kwizityalo.
Ukhutshiswano olukhulu lokhula lunokwenza isiphumo seelahleko zesityalo.
Yintoni isisombululo samanani ezityalo angaphucukanga?
Ukuba ixesha liyavuma, isityalo sinokuphinda sityalwe (nangona oku ngokuqinisekileyo kuza neendleko ezinobuzaza).
Xa kukho umqolo omnye ongekhoyo (njengesiphumo sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwesixhobo sokutyala) lo mqolo unako ukutyalwa msinyane kangangoko kufunyaniswa ingxaki.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba oonobangela bamanani asezantsi ezityalo bachongwe ukuze banyangwe kananjalo bangaphinda-phindwa kwixesha elizayo lonyaka.
<fn>PulaImvula. FinancialMaize.2009-04.xh.txt</fn>
Abavelisi abaninzi bafumene amava eenkxwaleko xa bebezama ukuvula iakhawunti entsha yebhanki. Oku kwenziwe kukuba uMthetho oMiselweyo weZiko lobuLumko kwezeMali yowe-2001 (FICA) ufuna ukuba iibhanki okanye amashishini ezolimo abe nolwazi olungqalileyo malunga nabaxumi nokulandela ngoqwalaselo kunye nengxelo ngeziganeko zotshintshiselwano ezikrokrelekayo ezinokuvela ngenxa yeenkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ihlabathi liguqukile. Ukwanda kolwaphulo-mthetho nogrogriso kunyanzele amazwe amaninzi ukusebenzisana ngelinge lokulawula obu butyobo. Sibulela umthetho ophakanyisiweyo nemvisiswano yehlabathi, iziphatha-mandla ngoku zithwaxa izaphuli-mthetho apho kubuhlungu khona - epokothweni. Izaphuli-mthetho nabagrogrisi bafuna imali ukuze baphile. Bajika imali "engcolileyo" abayifumana ngobuqhetseba, ukuthengisa iziyobisi, ukuthubelezisa nangokukhuthuza ngokuthi bayenze imali "ecocekileyo" ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokuzichonga zobuqhetseba okanye ngokusebenzisa amagama abantu abangenatyala abafana nawe. Le nto ifana "nokucoca imali". Lo mkhwa awudli amazwe izigidi eziphinda-phindwe ngezigidi kuphela ngonyaka, kodwa uxhasa ukwanda kogrogriso kwihlabathi liphelele. Ukunqanda lo mqukuqelo, urhulumente ngoku usebenzisa uMthetho oMiselweyo weZiko lobuLumko kwezeMali wenombolo 38 ka-2001.
Ngokuhambelana nomthetho ophakanyisiweyo omtsha zonke iibhanki kufuneka zisebenzise iinkqubo ezingqongqo ngakumbi zokuvula iiakhawunti ezintsha. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuze sikwazi ukuthobela lo mthetho, ibhanki ifuna ukuba unike obunye ubungqina ngaphezu kwe-ID xa uvula iakhawunti yebhanki. Lo mthetho ukwafuna ukuba iinkcukacha zobuqu bakho zihlale zihlaziywa rhoqo. Ezi nkqubo zisetyenziswa kwaye ziphunyezwa zizo zonke ibhanki.
Imvume yakho yokuqhuba yohlobo lwekhadi.
Ukuze ibhanki okanye ishishini lezolimo liqinisekise idilesi yakho ohlala kuyo kufuneka ubanike uxwebhu olwamkelekileyo oluqulethe igama lakho nedilesi yendawo ohlala kuyo (Iinombolo zeePO Box azisayi kwanela), okanye inombolo yesiza kunye nesiphaluka.
<fn>PulaImvula. FinancialMaize.2009-06.xh.txt</fn>
Grabbing quote: Sidinga imali ukuze sanelise iimfuno zemizimba nezokhuseleko.
Captions: Isazobe 1.
Yintoni ishishini Ishishini livela njani Ngokwemigqaliselo yokulawula ishishini, kubalulekile ukuyiqonda le mibuzo ngokuqaphela kanti eli nqaku liza kwenza oko nqo?
Ukususela ekudalweni komntu, umntu usoloko enento ayidingayo ukuze aphile. Ukutya, ikhusi nempahla yokunxiba zezinye zezi zidingo. Ekuqaleni, umntu ebezanelisa iimfuno zakhe ngokwakhe ngokuzingela, ngokuvuna izityalo kwezizikhulela endle kananjalo efumana ikhusi emiqolombeni. Uthe xa eqhubela phambili umntu neemfuno zaqhubela phambili zaza izidingo zokuvelisa kunye/okanye zokwenza izinto zaba yinxalenye nomthwalo wobomi.
Yintoni imali kwaye ivela phi?
Xa kuthengwa into ethile, kusetyenziswa imali ukuyihlawulela. Imali liphepha nje kuphela kanti maxa wambi siyamangaliswa, "iphepha lingazihlawulela njani izinto zexabiso." Imali eliphepha ivele ngenxa yengcingane yokusebenza kwemali. Kudala, bekusenziwa utshintshiselwano (ukunanisa okanye ukutshintshiselana ngento ethile ukuze ufumane enye yexabiso elilingana nayo). Umzekelo, umntu ebenako ukutshintshisa inkomo ngeengxowa ezintlanu zombona. Ingxaki ngolu hlobo lotshintshiselwano yayikukuba xa unenkomo kodwa ufuna umbona, bekufuneka ufumene umntu onombona kodwa abe efuna inkomo. Ubunokuligqiba eli hlabathi phambi kokufumana umntu ofuna inkomo endaweni yombona.
Le nkqubo ibinenkxamleko enkulu. Abantu ke bayisombulula le ngxaki ngokukhangela into eyamkeleke kumntu wonke. Le nto yaba yigolide. Ubunako ke ukutshintshisa ngenkomo yakho ukuze ufumane ama-30 g egolide wandule ukuthenga ingxowa yombona nge-10 g yegolide. Igolide yayamkeleke kuye wonke ubani. Emva koko abantu boyika ukuba xa behamba negolide kubo iya kubiwa. Igolide ke ngoko yafakwa ebhanki yona eyindawo enokhuselo waza umgcini-bhanki wafanela ukuba abhale ephepheni isixa segolide onaso ebhanki. Xa uthe wambonisa iphepha, ebekubuyisela igolide yakhe.
Ngoko ke, endaweni yokuqala babange igolide yabo ngephepha, bebesuka batshintshise iphepha ngento abayifunayo, kuba umntu ebebemnike iphepha, unako ukufuna igolide emva kwethuba. Emva kwethuba, abantu abaphindanga bazikhathaza ngokubanga igolide kuba bebenephepha elibonisa ukuba ingakanani igolide abanayo. Namhla wonke umntu uyayamkela imali yephepha.
Abantu bayizuza njani imali?
Umntu angayizuza imali kuphela ngokufumana umvuzo okanye ngokufumana ingeniso kwishishini lakhe eliyimpumelelo.
Kwihlabathi lanamhla lezinto zala maxesha, ngendlela ethe nqo okanye engathanga nqo amashishini anika zonke iimfuno zabantu. Iinkonzo ezinikwayo okanye iimveliso ezinikwayo ziyathengiswa ngamashishini ukuze imali ezuzwe ngezi nkonzo nangezi mveliso zibe yingeniso yeshishini. Imizekelo yeemveliso kukutya, impahla yokunxiba, izithuthi, ifanitshala nekhusi. Imizekelo yeenkonzo ziinkonzo zonyango, iinkonzo zobonelelo lwesikolo nezoqeqesho nezonxibelelwano. Lo mba wengeniso ukwagxininisa inyaniso yokuba namhla umntu kufuneka azibonelele ngenkoliso yezi mfuno.
Ngethuba lenkqubo yokunika iinkonzo kunye/okanye ukuvelisa iimveliso ishishini lifumana iindleko okanye iinkcitho ezithile. Ezi ndleko zahlulwa ngokwamaqela amathathu.
Iindleko ezahluka-hlukileyo zingumsebenzi weziphumo kwaye zifumaneka kuphela xa kukho imveliso. Ngoko ke kukho ubudlelwana phakathi komthamo wemveliso neendleko. Ukuba umnini-mfuyo usenga iinkomo ezilishumi kuphela, iindleko zakho ezahluka-hlukayo ezifana nemivuzo, imixube ejiyileyo, ifula eseziseleni kunye neendleko zokuthuthwa kobisi zinganeno kwezo beziya kubakho xa iinkomo bezingama-50. Imizekelo yeendleko ezahluka-hlukayo zesichumiso, imbewu, imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula, umsebenzi wobhambathiso, amayeza emfuyo, izikhothwa, imixube ejiyileyo, izibaseli, abasebenzi bamaxesha athile, ukubekelelwa kwezinto neendleko zokuthengisa.
Iindleko ezisisigxina zenza laa nxalenye yeendleko ezisisixa esipheleleyo esala ingaguqukanga ngesicwangciso semveliso esithile kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuveliswe isixa esingaphezulu okanye esinganeno. Iindleko ezisisigxina ngoko ke azahluka-hluki kwithuba elifutshane. Zinako ke ngoko, ukwahluka kwithuba elide njengesiphumo senguquko kwisicwangciso semveliso.
Ukuba umlimi wakhe ishedi yokusenga yeenkomo ezingama-50 (isicwangciso sakhe semveliso), iindleko ezisisigxina zeshedi, njengenzala kwimali eyinkunzi kunye nokuhla kwexabiso lezixhobo zokusebenza, ngoko ke liya kuhlala lisisigxina nokuba umlimi uyisebenzisela iinkomo ezilishumi okanye ezingama-50. Nangona kunjalo, xa umlimi enokuguqula isicwangciso sakhe semveliso aze andise ishedi ukuba ikwazi ukufaka iinkomo ezingama-80, iindleko ezisisigxina nazo ziya kuguquka kuba isicwangciso semveliso naso siguqukile. Imizekelo yeendleko ezisisigxina kukuthotywa kwamaxabiso (ukungabikho kwemali esesandleni, inzala, izavenga zeinshorensi, irenti kunye nabasebenzi abasisigxina. Iindleko ziba sisigxina kuphela xa sezifumanekile. Phambi kokuba ithengwe itrektara, zonke iindleko zetrektara ziyahluka-hluka. Yakuba ithengiwe itrektara, iindleko ezisisigxina ngokuphathelele kuyo, ezifana nokuthotywa kwamaxabiso, inzala, iilayisensi kunye neinshorensi, ngoku ziba sisigxina. Le mibango yeendleko ayahluka-hluki ngokweziphumo ngoko ke ayiphenjelelwa ziinguquko zemveliso kwithuba elifutshane.
Ukuthotywa kwamaxabiso yinkcitho yokungasebenzisi mali enxulumene nokuthotywa kwamaxabiso ezinto ezibubutyebi xa zinokuthengiswa ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwazo nobudala bazo.
Inzala yimbuyekezo yemali yokusetyenziswa kwemali eyinkunzi yangaphandle okanye ebolekiweyo.
Iindleko ezisisixa esipheleleyo sisixa sisonke seendleko ezisisixa esipheleleyo kunye nezesixa esahluka-hlukileyo esipheleleyo kwaye ziboniswa kwisazobe 1.1.
Inzuzo ilingana nengeniso engaphezu kweendleko ezisisixa esipheleleyo okanye iinkcitho ezisisixa esipheleleyo okanye xa iinkcitho zingaphezu kwengeniso kubakho ilahleko eyenzekayo.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba xa ishishini lisenza inzuzo bonke abaqeshwa ngokunjalo nomnini/abanini bafumana imali abanokuyisebenzisa ukwanelisa iimfuno zabo. Ngoko ke, iinzuzo kufuneka zilondolozwe kwithuba elide, kugxininiswe ukubaluleka kwezenzo zokufama ezilondolozekayo. Xa ishishini, nokuba kungayiphi indlela lisenza ilahleko, kufuneka izinto ziguquke. Nangona abaqeshwa benokuyifumana imivuzo (imali) umnini/abanini abasayi kufumana nzuzo kwaye baya kunyanzeleka ukuphinda baqwalasele ishishini labo ukuze baphungule iilahleko. Amanyathelo anokuqwalaselwa anokubandakanya ukudendwa kwabaqeshwa.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha ingeniso neenkcitho zamashishini okufama ziye zanda ngenxa yengeniso yeemveliso eye yathi chatha ngokuphakama (ukunyuka kwexabiso) neendleko ezingaphaya kunezesiqhelo (ukunyuka kwamaxabiso). Nangona kunjalo, iengile ebonisa ukunyuka ikwiiengile ezahluka-hlukeneyo, ngoko ke isithuba siyavaleka. Kanti kuba nzima nangaphezulu ukwenza inzuzo. Amashishini okufama angabathabathi bamaxabiso ngenxa yoko awakwazi ukuthengisa iimveliso zabo ngamaxabiso aphezulu azibekela wona.
Ingeniso inokunyuswa ngokunyusa imveliso ngomlinganiselo ngamnye (umbona - itoni/ihektare) kunye/okanye izicwangciso zemveliso eziphuculweyo (umsebenzi wokufama ngokuchanekileyo) kunye/okanye ngemveliso eyandiswayo. Iindleko zinokucuthwa ngokuzingela amaxabiso aphantsi amagalelo kunye/okanye ukunciphisa iindleko ngokudenda abaqeshwa kunye/okanye ukulawula iindleko ngokuphumeza ulwabiwo-mali kunye/okanye imveliso ethe chatha.
Elokuqoshelisa, ishishini linika abantu iimfuno zabo. Nangona kunjalo, ishishini linokuba nempumelelo kuphela xa iinzuzo zigcinwe ngokwesiseko esilondolozekayo. Xa iinzuzo zisenziwa ngokwesiseko esilondolozekayo wonke umntu osefama uyaxhamla kwinzuzo efumanekayo. Xa kusoloko kukho iilahleko wonke umntu uyacinezeleka ngenxa yokucuthwa kokunyuka kwemivuzo okanye ukudendwa, kodwa iba ngumnini osemngciphekweni wokulahlekelwa yiyo yonke into kubandakanywa nezinto ezizezakhe.
<fn>PulaImvula. Fire(maize).2011-05-11.xh.txt</fn>
Emva kwehlobo elithile ngakumbi elineemvula ezinkulu nasemva kokwindla kuza ubusika. Ngenxa yexesha lonyaka leemvula, kuninzi ukutya okutyiswa izilwanyana, kodwa oku kukwathetha ukuba imililo yasendle inokubanga ingxaki exhalabisayo kulo nyaka.
Imililo inokwenza umonakalo oxhalabisayo efama. Umcinga omnye wematshisi unokutshabalisa amawaka eehektare zamasimi alinyiweyo. Uninzi lwemililo etshisa izityalo lwenzeka phambi okanye msinyane emva kokuvuna kuba ngeli xesha izityalo zikholisa ukuba sezivuthiwe kwaye zomile.
Abantwana mabangadlali ngematshisi.
Abantu mabangalahli imatshisi evuthayo okanye umdiza (isigarethi) engceni eyomileyo, emagqabini, ematyholweni okanye koovimba.
Makungabaswa umlilo ovulekileyo ethafeni okanye ngamaxesha onyaka anomoya.
Abantu mabaqiniseke ukuba yonke imililo icinywe kakuhle.
Xa ubona umlilo osethafeni, kuxele oko kwangoko kubamelwane bakho nakumphathi wemililo yendawo ohlala kuyo. Baxelele ukuba umlilo uphi kanye kanye.
Shiya umntu ekhaya oza kuxelela abantu ngomlilo. Ukuba unerediyo okanye ifowuni, iingcingo mazigcinwe zivuliwe ukuze kugqithiselwe iinkcukacha ezintsha msinyane emva kokufunyanwa kwazo.
Ukuba akungomnini-mhlaba, mazise loo mntu ngokuba umlilo uphi kanye-kanye.
Susa zonke izilwanyana zasefama nezixhobo zokusebenza uzise endaweni ekhuselekileyo.
Izicima-mlilo - amanzi okanye uhlobo olomileyo olungumgubo.
Yenza isixhobo sokubhula umlilo ngeebhanti zerabha ezindala ezimanzi okanye ngeengxowa ezimanzi. Ukubetha umlilo ngeebhanti okanye ngeengxowa ezimanzi kutshabalalisa umoya (i-oksijini/umongomoya) ofunwa ngumlilo ukuze uvuthe. Xa unganelanga umoya, umlilo uyayeka ukuvutha wandule ukucima kancinci, kancinci.
Sebenzisa iimpompo zehabulusaka ukumanzisa izityalo nengca ekufutshane nephambi komlilo. Iimpompo zehabulusaka zikwaluncedo xa kuqwalaselwa ukudunguka komlilo emva kokucinywa kwawo.
Sebenzisa iziphathi zamanzi nempompo yamanzi enokukhupha amanzi awaneleyo.
Izikophu, iiharika nemihlakulo zinokusetyenziswa ukunqamla umlilo ukuze uvuthele kwicala elichasene nelomoya. Isixhobo esixabayo ngumcu womhlaba ophantse ukufana nendlela apho kungekho nto khona enokuvutha.
Sebenzisa izikophu neeharika ukucima umlilo ngesanti nangomhlaba. Kwakhona zisebenzisele ukususa ingca neentsasa ezinokuvutha lula.
Sebenzisa izixhobo zokusika ingca nezityalo ezingekavuthi neziphambi komlilo ozayo.
Hlangabeza umlilo ukusuka ngakwicala elinye okanye kumacala amamabini uzame ukucutha ububanzi bomlilo ongaphambili.
Ukuba kukho ibhanti yomlilo (isinqamli) okanye isithintelo esiyindalo esifana nomlambo, zama ukucutha ububanzi bomlilo ngakwicala lesithintelo.
Misela abantu abalwa umlilo kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo zobuchule ukuze bacime amalangatye avuthuzwa ngumoya. Umoya onamandla uyakwazi ukuqhubela phambili amalangatye kude kangangekhilomitha enye.
Kubalulekile ukuwubethela ngaphakathi umlilo kwindawo evuthayo ukuze amalangatye angavuthelelwa engceni nasemagqabini angekavuthi.
Yiba soloko ubeke iliso kwicala oya ngakulo umoya ngalo lonke ixesha.
Qiniseka ukuba abantu abalwa umlilo abenzakalanga.
Hamba-hamba kwindawo yomlilo kwiiyure ezintathu obona buncinci ukuqwalasela ukuvuka komlilo.
Buyisela izixhobo zokusebenza kwindawo echanekileyo.
Phinda uzalise iziphathi zamanzi ezifana neetanki.
Khanda izixhobo zokusebenza ezonakeleyo.
Nabani umnini-mhlaba apho uqalise khona umlilo okanye ukuvutha okanye umhlaba onokusuka kuwo umlilo makalungise kwaye agcine isixhobo sokunqamla umlilo ngakwicala lomda wakhe phakathi komhlaba wakhe kunye nawuphi umhlaba osecaleni kwawo. Ngumsebenzi noxanduva lwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba umlilo ungaqali emhlabeni wakho. Ukwenza izixhobo zokunqamla umlilo ovuthayo, lixesha elichithwa kakuhle kwaye kunokukhusela wena nefama yakho (intsimi, izakhiwo, izityalo nemfuyo) ekutshabalaleni. Abanini bomhlaba osecaleni kovuthayo banokuvumelana ngendawo yokubeka isixhobo esinye sokunqamla umlilo ngaphaya komda.
Masingabi nanto enokuvutha ise umlilo ngaphaya kwaso.
Zibonisa indawo yokufikelela emlilweni.
<fn>PulaImvula. First-aid.2008-01.xh.txt</fn>
Byline: Ailungalungiswe ukusuka apha www.health24.
Umzi ngamnye kufuneka ube nenyanda yoncedo lokuqala lokunyanga enako konke okufunekayo. Gcina enye ekhayeni lakho ukuze enye ibe semotweni yakho.
Londoloza inyanda kwindawo epholileyo, neyomileyo, ibe kude apho banokufikelela khona abantwana abancinci. Qiniseka ukuba uyayazi indlela yokusebenzisa zonke izinto ezikuyo nento ezisetyenziselwa yona.
Ingaba inyanda yasekhaya yoncedo lokuqala lonyango kufuneka iqulathe ntoni?
<fn>PulaImvula. Food.2008-01.xh.txt</fn>
Byline: Lilungalungiswe ukusuka apha www.health24.
Ukutya ukutya okanye ukusela amanzi anongcoliseko kunokubanga iintlobo ezahlukahlukileyo zosulelo.
Ukutyhefeka kokutya ligama elisetyenziswa gabalala malunga neentlobo zosulelo ezifunyenwe ekutyeni. Imiqondiso eluphawu lokutyhefeka kokutya ibandakanya iintlungu ezihlabayo zesisu, urhudo, isicefecefe nokuhlanza. Iintsholongwane zingoonobangela abaxhaphake kakhulu bokutyhefeka kokutya, okulandelwa ziintsholongwane zeevayirasi kunye nezixhaphazayo.
Akunakusoloko ukwazi ukuluqaphela ngokulubona ngamehlo, ukulungcamla okanye ukulujoja ungcoliseko lokutya okanye olwamanzi kodwa unako ukuyinciphisa imingcipheko kakhulu kangangoko ngokulandela amanyathelo angenabugocigoci achazwe ngezantsi.
emva kokuchukumisa inyama, intlanzi okanye iinkuku ezingaphekwanga.
Gquma izilonda ezisezandleni zakho ukuthintela ungcoliseko xa usebenza ngokutya. Qinisekisa ukuba iibhandeji okanye iiplasta zicocekile.
Qala ngokuwabilisa amanzi phambi kokuwasela xa ungaqinisekanga ngokuba ingaba kukhuselekile na ukuwasela. Amanzi empompo akholisa ukukhuseleka, kodwa amanzi avela kweminye imithombo, efana nemilambo namaqula, awakhuselekanga.
Londoloza amanzi akhuselekileyo kwisiqulathi esicocekileyo, esigqunyiweyo, kukhethwa ukuwagcina kwisibandisi.
Qinisekisa ukuba iziselo ezibandayo neetyhubhu zomkhenkce bezenziwe ngamanzi akhuselekileyo.
Khumbula ukungawaginyi amanzi angenakhuseleko xa uhlamba ebhafini okanye xa uqubha.
Hlamba imiphezulu enjengetafile yegumbi lokuphekela, ikhawuntala okanye isinki, phambi nasemva kokulungisa ukutya apho. Gcina iindawo zokulondoloza ukutya zicocekile ezifana namathala kunye nezibandisi.
Izinto ezichithekileyo zisule kwangoko.
Sebenzisa amalaphu ahlukileyo okucoca igumbi lokuphekela kulawo okucoca ezinye iindawo zendlu.
Bulala iintsholongwane kumalaphu egumbi lokuphekela, izifunxi nezikhuculi ngokusebenzisa i-bleach uze uwacoce phantsi kokukhanya kwelanga, nto leyo encedayo ukubulala iintsholongwane. Ukuba une-microwave, ukubeka ebushushwini amalaphu kunye nezifunxi imizuzwana engama-60 kuyanceda ekubulaleni iintsholongwane.
Hlamba umgangatho wegumbi lokuphekela kanye ngeveki obona buncinane, ngamalaphu asetyenziselwa kuphela umsebenzi lowo.
Hlamba izitya, izixhobo zokutya kunye neebhodi zokunqunqa ngononelelo - kukhethwa emanzini ashushu anesepha othi umane ukuwatshintsha xa eba mdaka.
Sebenzisa izixhobo zokutya nezitya ezilungileyo endaweni yezineentanda nemikrwelo emibi. Iintsholongwane zihlala kwiintanda ezisezikomityini nasezityeni nakwimikrwelo ekwiziqulathi zeeplastikhi nakwiibhodi zokunqunqa.
Ukutya okungaphekwanga kusebenzisele ibhodi yokunqunqa. Kukhethwa ukuba usebenzise ibhodi ethile malunga nenyama, iinkuku kunye nentlanzi, ukuze usebenzise enye malunga nezinye iintlobo zokutya. Kungenjalo, coca ibhodi kakuhle ngamanzi ashushu anesepha emva kokunqunqa uhlobo lokutya ngalunye. Iibhodi zeplastikhi okanye zamatye zezona zikhuselekileyo enyameni engaphekwanga.
Musa ukuphinda usebenzise izitya zokutya nezokutyela emva kokuba bezidibene nenyama ekrwada, intlanzi okanye inkuku, de ube uzihlambe ngononophelo.
Gcina inkunkuma emgqomeni ogqunyiweyo ukhuphe kuyo inkunkuma kwaye uwucoce rhoqo.
Gcina umnyango neefestile zekhitshi zivuliwe kangangoko kunokwenziwa ukuze kufumaneke impepho elungileyo, oku kuyanceda kuthintelo lomngundo nentsholongwane ye-fungus.
<fn>PulaImvula. GearsMaize.2008-10.xh.txt</fn>
Oomatshini abaninizi basebenzisa iigiyeri. Umzekelo omhle kakhulu ngowebhayisekile, yona eneegiyeri ezenza kube lula ukutshova ibhayisekile, ngakumbi xa kunyukwa umnqantsa. Into eqhelekileyo kukuba iibhayisekile zibe nevili elikhulu legiyeri, elinendawo yokubeka unyawo neqhotyoshelwe kunye namavili egiyeri ashiyanayo ngobukhulu, kwivili langasemva. Xa indawo yokubeka unyawo ijikeleziswa ityathanga litsala amavili egiyeri ajikele ngaphaya ngasemva.
Jonga ivili legiyeri elinendawo yokubeka unyawo eqhotyoshelweyo uze uthelekise ubukhulu balo namavili egiyeri kwisizikithi sevili elingasemva. Yintoni oyiqwalaselayo malunga nawo?
Baninzi abantu abakhe banyuka umnqantsa ngebhayisekile. Ngokuya unyuka umnqantsa kuya kuba nzima ukutshova yiloo nto umkhweli webhayisekile akholisa ukutshintsha iigiyeri ukuze kube lula noko. Xa umqhubi webhayisekile etshintsha iigiyeri, ityathanga lisuka kwigiyeri encinci liye kwigiyeri enkulu enamazinyo athe chatha. Ukuze ke ngoko kube lula ukutyhala iindawo zokubeka iinyawo ukuba zijikele. Xa eya ngokuba maninzi amazinyo egiyeri engasemva, kuya ngokuba lula ukutshova ibhayisekile ukunyuka ummango nangona ibhayisekile ihamba kancinci ukuya phambili.
Kuya kwenzeka ntoni xa umqhubi webhayisekile onyuka umnqantsa etshintsha igiyeri ukusuka kwivili legiyeri enkulwana ukuya kwencinanana Ingaba kuya kuba lula okanye kuya kuba nzima ukutshova ngeenyawo?
Isizathu sokuba iibhayisekile kube lula ukuzitshova ngeenyawo ukunyuka umnqantsa xa kutshintshwe iigiyeri kwenziwa yinto ebizwa ngokuba lulinganiselo lweegiyeri (isantya solinganiselo). Ulinganiselo lwegiyeri lunokubalwa ngokwamanani kanti imizekelo iboniswe ngezantsi. Kanye-kanye, ulinganiselo luthelekelelwa ngenani lamazinyo evili ngalinye legiyeri, ityathanga alihoywa kwaye alingeni kwisibalo songqinelwaniso.
Ukuba igiyeri yendawo yokubeka unyawo ijikeleza kanye, ingaba igiyeri yezinyo levili iya kujikeleza kangaphi?
Umzekelo ongasentla ubonisa ukuba ngexesha ngalinye igiyeri yeenyawo ijikeleza kanye, igiyeri yezinyo levili elingasemva ijikeleza kabini ukuze kube lula ukunyuka ummango.
Ukuba igiyeri yendawo yokubeka unyawo ijikeleza kanye, ingaba igiyeri yezinyo levili iya kujikeleza kangaphi?
Ukuba igiyeri yendawo yokubeka unyawo ijikeleza kanye, ingaba igiyeri yezinyo levili iya kujikeleza kangaphi?
Ukuba igiyeri yendawo yokubeka unyawo ijikeleza kanye, ingaba igiyeri yezinyo levili iya kujikeleza kangaphi?
Ingaba ulinganiselo lweegiyeri lusiphembelela njani isantya?
Ulinganiselo lweegiyeri lusixelela indlela igiyeri enye ejikeleza ngayo ngokukhawuleza xa ithelekiswa nenye.
Xa igiyeri yethu yegalelo (yamazinyo ali-10) ijikeleza ngesantya se-5 rpms , kwaye ibe inxulunyaniswe kwigiyeri yethu yesiphumo (yamazinyo angama-50), igiyeri yethu yesiphumo iya kujikeleza ngesantya se-1 rpms.
Ukuba igiyeri yethu encinci ijikeleza nge-1x, igiyeri yethu enkulu ijikeleza nge-1/5 kuphela. Ithatha imijikelezo emi-5 yegiyeri yethu encinci iyise kumjikelo om-1 wegiyeri yethu enkulu. Ngoko ke igiyeri yethu enkulu ijikeleza ngesantya se-1/5 = 1rpm.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ulinganiselo lwethu lweegiyeri luyi 1:3?
Kwesi siganeko igiyeri yethu yegalelo ithe chatha ngobukhulu nge-3x kunegiyeri yethu yesiphumo.
Ukuba igiyeri yethu yegalelo ibijikeleza ngesantya sama-20 rpms, umjikelezo ngamnye, ubuya kwenza imijikelezo emi-3 yegiyeri yethu yesiphumo. Isiphumo sethu besiya kuba ngama-60 rpms.
Umqhubi yigiyeri okanye izinyo levili elinamandla angqalileyo. Kumzekelo webhayisekile, umntu oqhuba ibhayisekile utyhala iindawo zokubeka iinyawo. Izinyo elikhulu levili eziqhotyoshelwe kulo iindawo zokubeka iinyawo 'ngumqhubi' (linamandla) kanti izinyo levili elincinci kwivili elingasemva 'liyaqhutywa'. Asiyonto eqinisekileyo ukuba elikhulu lingumqhubi welincinci - ubukhulu abubalulekanga. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ngubani obe namandla kuqala?
Khumbula ukuba xa kukho amazinyo amavili al iqela ahlanganiswe ngamatyathanga, axokomezelwe kwintsimbi enye, isenokuba lelinye izinyo levili elinokuba ngumqhubi kulandelelwano olulandelayo.
Xa kulandelwa ulandelelwano, kubalulekile ukukhangela ubukhulu beegiyeri / amazinyo amavili. Amazinyo amavili aphembelela isantya sokujika-jika kwentsimbi. Isantya sokujikeleza kwentsimbi siso esalatha isantya sokujikeleza kwentsebenzo-matshini yembewu ukuze sona salathe ukuba ingakanani imbewu etyalwayo. Ukukhawuleza okuthe chatha kokujikeleza kwentsimbi, kwalatha uchatha wembewu etyalwayo.
Xa kufakwa amaqondo, unokufumanisa ukuba kutyalwa imbewu eninzi kakhulu, ngoko ke yazi ukuba ukuqhutywa kwentsebenzo-matshini yembewu yintsimbi okokugqibela, kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kwaye kufuneka kucothisiswe. Inye indlela yokucothisisa intsimbi kukuguqula ubukhulu bamazinyo amavili abandakanyeka ekuqhutyweni kwaloo ntsimbi.
<fn>PulaImvula. Goal.2008-04.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba silahlekelwe ngumkhondo weentsika zenjongo?
Izizixa ezikhulu imali echithwa liSebe leMibandela yezeMihlaba, iSebe lezoLimo, iiTrust zeZityalo eziZiinkozo zakwaGrain ezahluka-hlukileyo, amashishini ezolimo, amaqumrhu enkxaso yegalelo, imibutho yobutyebi obuyimithombo namashishini abucala (NGO's) (ukubala abambalwa kuphela) kuphuhliso lwezolimo eMzantsi Afrika. Umbuzo osalayo mnye - ingaba konke oku kunaso na isiphumo esinqwenelwayo?
Uphuhliso, lubandakanya uphuhliso lomfama, singatsho ukuba lunxulumene nabantu. Ngabantu ekufuneka bekhulile, baphuhle, bafunde bazuze namava. Ukujolisa kuphuhliso lomfama akunxulumenanga nokubona lowo unokuvelisa ezona nkozo zininzi, kodwa kumalunga nokuncedisa amafama ukuzuza izakhono nolwazi oluya kumnika isakhono sokwenza umsebenzi wokufama ezimele yedwa, kwaye ibe ngumsebenzi olondolozekayo nonenzuzo.
Ukuba sikufuna ngenene ukwenza umahluko kubalulekile ukujolisa kubantu ngabanye kananjalo nakubahlali ukuze sifumanise imithombo yobutyebi abanayo sandule ukwakha kuloo mithombo yobutyebi. Kulula kakhulu ukusuka umntu angxamele kwindawo ethile, ajolise koko bangenako abantu aze enze ngathi uyabancedisa ngokwenza konke acinga ukuba kufuneka bakwenzelwe. Kwenzeka ntoni ke xa seleyeka ukubenzela ezo zinto Okufunekayo kukuba sisuse abantu kwindawo abakuyo kwixesha langoku, sithe chu kwaye siqaphela, siqinisekise ukuba bazonwabele iinguquko namalinge ophuhliso, bade bafike apho bafuna ukuba khona (hayi apho thina sicinga ukuba kufuneka bafike khona)?
Kubonakala ngathi kujoliswa kumba othi "okukhulu kuko okuphucukileyo". Ngokuqinisekileyo likhona ibanga ekufuneka beqale kulo abantu, nokuba lelomsebenzi omncinci. Kukho abantu abangabalimi abalondoloza ubomi kuphela nabangenabhongo lokuba yenye into engaphaya kwaleyo - kanti naleyo into ilungile. Kuphinda kubekho abo benza umsebenzi wokufama kakuhle ngenene kwaye baqhubela phambili ukusuka emsebenzini omncinci kanti baya kugqibela ngokuba ngabalimi abakhulu, ngenye imini. Bakhona ke nabo benza umsebenzi omkhulu wokufama kananjalo babe bewenza kakuhle (enyanisweni, maninzi amabanga ahlukahlukileyo phakathi kwasezantsi naphezulu).
Ukuba izindululo zophuhliso zethu kufuneka zilondolozekile, kufuneka sifumane abantu apho bakhoyo sibasuse apho - andikuncomi ukufumana ababhambathiswa abakhulu afika batyale, balime baze bavune kanti oko kuya kubizwa ngokuba 'luphuhliso lwamafama' - asilophuhliso olo kuba kaloku aba babhambathiswa bangasuka baqeshe umhlaba lowo kuphela. Enyanisweni, amafama mhlawumbi bekunokuba bhetele xa bebeqeshisa ngomhlaba wabo kubabhambathiswa njengoko iindleko zokusebenza zixhome ngokungathethekiyo, ngaloo ndlela ke umbhambathiswa unesabelo kwiinzuzo ezifumanekayo (utya kabini yena lo gama umfama esenokungabi nanto ayityayo kwaphela).
Masibuyele kwiziseko sijolise kuphuhliso lwabantu. Ukuba umhlaba wakho usetyenziswa ngabanye ababhambathiswa abakhulu - cinga nzulu ngendawo oya kuyo nexesha oya kulithatha xa ungumfama xa kuthelekiswa naxa ungumnini-mhlaba.
<fn>PulaImvula. Graanprodusent.2008-08.xh.txt</fn>
Abanyulwa abathandathu abaya kukhuphisana phantsi kwesihloko esithi: Kuphuhliswa Umvelisi Wonyaka Wezityalo Eziziinkozo: 2008, sebenyuliwe.
UDeliwe wazalwa ngowe-1961 eKrugersdorp Kagiso kwaye ungumntwana wokuqala kaMn.u noNksk. Ntebele. Uyise wayengumlimi kanti unina wayengumongi-baguli. UDeliwe utshate noMnu. Mutlwane kwaye banabantwana ababini. Inkuthazo nenkxaso uyifumana kumazala notatazala wakhe.
UDeliwe waya esikolweni sabaqalayo eAobakwe Primary eseItsoseng kwiPhondo laseMntla-Ntshona waza waya kwesemfundo ePhakamileyo eReeitumetse Secondary apho agqibezela khona iBanga le-12. Waqhuba nezifundo zakhe ngokwenza izifundo zobutitshala eBethel Seminar waza wafundela ukubeka isitena nokwakha kwizifundo ze-N6. Yiloo nto uDeliwe wagqibela ngokwakhela iSebe likaRhulumente lamaPhondo neZindlu.
Ngowe-1991 uDeliwe walushiya phantsi uqeqesho lwakhe waqalisa ngokwenza umsebenzi wokufama ngamaxesha athile kwada kwangowe-2002 apho athe waba ngumlimi wexesha elipheleleyo. Uqeshe ifama eMarotse (kummandla waseDelareyville) kananjalo ukwawenza noninazala lo msebenzi wokufama. Ulilungu leqela lezifundo leFrischgewaagd kummandla waseDelareyville; kwaye uyile kwiindibano zezifundonzulu zamathuba amafutshane ezifana nezifundo zolondolozo lweTrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza efama, Intshayelelo yomsebenzi wokuvelisa umbona, Umsebenzi Wokuvelisa Umbona Okwinqanaba Eseliphambili kunye nokuthengisa, ukulawulwa kweShishini leZolimo kunye nezifundo zokulawulwa koMsebenzi oYilwayo zaseGrain SA, NWK, eze-Promise Farmer neze-Business Today.
UDeliwe ebengumlimi ozimeleyo kajongilanga nombona iminyaka emine kwaye unayo nemfuyo yeenkomo, iihagu, iibhokhwe kunye neegusha.
UIsaac Khuto wazalwa ngowe-1944 eBoksburg apho uyise wayesebenza njengomabhalana evenkileni. Akuba neminyaka emibini ubudala abazali bakhe bamthumela eFicksburg ukuba aye kuhlala efama notat omncinci wakhe noanti apho iminyaka yakhe yobuntwana wayichithela khona. Ukususela kwiminyaka esixhenxe yobudala wayesalusa iigusha kwaye usalikhumbula ivumba lengca ekuseni, xa isibhakabhaka sasigabuke kangako ukuze ade abone phezu kweentaba zaseLesotho. Babebukela iitrektara zisebenza emasimini aseLesotho kwaye wayesoloko ezibuza ukuba kazi kungabanjani ukuqhuba itrektara.
UIsaac wayehamba kwisikolo sasefama waza emva koko waya kwisikolo semfundo ephakamileyo eFicksburg apho waphumelela khona ibanga lesi-8. UIsaac wasebenzela abakwaFrasers eFicksburg iminyaka elishumi elinesibini. Akuba ephuhle umdla wokurhweba, waqalisa ngomsebenzi wokurhweba eyedwa ethengisa iziqhamo nemifuno. Kuthe kuba ishishini likhula, wakwazi ukuzithengela iteksi yakhe yokuqala waza wakwazi ukuliphuhlisa eli shishini phakathi kowe-1978 nowe-1998. Ngowe-1983 uIsaac wabona ithuba lorhwebo kwezezibele waza wathenga ihotele/indlu yabahambi. Nangoku usenayo ihotele leyo kwaye unemvume yokuthengisa utywala.
Ebomini bakhe, uIsaac ebeyimbethi-manqindi eyingcaphephe. Waqala njengegangxa ngowe-1960 waza emva koko waba yingcaphephe. Uthetha athi: Kwiqonga lokubetha amanqindi umcimbi umalunga nawe kuphela kunye nesakhono sakho," - kulapho wafunda khona ukuzithemba. "Akukho ndawo yokuzimela kungekho neyokubalekela kwaye ufunda ukujongana nobomi ngokungena ngentloko," utshilo uIsaac. UIsaac usaqeqesha iklabhu yeembethi-manqindi eFicksburg, kwaye wayengusihlalo weklabhu yeeMbethi-manqindi eFree State kanti okwangoku ungusihlalo wephondo leFree State Boxing Federation. Ukwangusihlalo weqela lofundonzulu leImperani laseGrain SA eFicksburg.
Ngowe-1998, uIsaac wathenga ifama, iDiyatalana yeehektare ezingama-230 waza waqalisa ngomsebenzi wakhe woqeqesho njengomlimi. Wayefuna ukuyithenga ngokuphelela kwayo ifama yama-460 eehektare kodwa woyika ukuqalisa ngetyala elikhulu kakhulu - ifama yahlulwa ngokweziqingatha ezibini waza wathenga isiqingatha esinye. Ngowe-2006 wakwazi ukuqesha ama-65 eehektare ongezelelweyo omhlaba oowawutyebile nowawukufutshane.
Ngowe-2007/2008, uIsaac wavuna isivuno esasimalunga ne-3,5 yeetoni/ngehektare zengqolowa kumhlaba ongangama-79 eehektare kanti nangona wathi wafumana umonakalo wombona wakhe owaba nobuzaza wesichotho, isityalo esisentsimini yakhe sisesihle.
UIsaac utshate noLerato kwaye banonyana namantombazana amabini.
UMaphale wazalelwa kwifama yaseMagdelena, apho uyise wayesebenza njengomsebenzi wasefama, kummandla waseFouriesburg ngowe-1969. Babengabantwana abasibhozo - ababini bengamakhwenkwe kanti amantombazana ayemathandathu. UMaphale waya esikolweni kwiLokishi yaseMashaeng ngaphandle kweFouriesburg, apho waphumelela khona iBanga le-12. Ngeempelaveki ebesiya kwifama eyayikufutshane, ifama kaMnu. Du Plessis, apho wayeqhuba khona itrektara aphinde ancedise. UMaphale wabona indlela uMnu du Plessis awayewusebenza ngayo umhlaba waza wasoloko enephupha lokuba nefama eyiyeyakhe. "UMnu du Plessis wandinceda kakhulu ngokuvusa umdla wam kanti kananjalo bendimmamela uNksk Jane McPherson xa ethetha kwiLesedi FM malunga nomsebenzi wokulima izityalo eziziinkozo ndaza ndavuseleleka ukuba ndiphumeze iphupha lam," uthethe watsho uMaphale.
UMaphale wayesebenza kwiSebe leMibandela yezaMakhaya kwiFouriesburg Border Post ukususela ngowe-1993 - 2007. Ngowe-1996 waqalisa ukufama ngeenkomo neegusha kumhlaba odityanelweyo waseFouriesburg. Ngowe-2004 waqesha ama-30 eehektare zentsimi kumfama orhwebayo, uMnu Osborne, waza watyala umbona. Ngowe-2006 waqesha ama-4 179 eehektare zentsimi kuMasipala waseFouriesburg apho enza umsebenzi wokufama kwithuba langoku. "Mhlawumbi ndinganako ukuqesha ama-400 eehektare zomhlaba onesakhono esiphezulu kulo nyaka, kodwa abakwaGrain SA makhe beze baze kubona lo mhlaba kuqala," uthethe watsho uMaphale.
UBoy wazalwa kummandla waseMiddelburg ngowe-1948 apho uyise wayesebenza njengomsebenzi wasefama. Wafunda kwisikolo esasilapho sasefama apho waphumelela khona iBanga lesi-5. Ngeli thuba, utata wakhe wayengumfama wamaxesha athile kumhlaba owawudityanelwe kummandla wase Vlaklaagte. UBoy uthi ukhumbula loo maxesha wayelima ngawo notata wakhe belima ngeenkabi.
Ngowe-1981 uBoy waqalisa ngokulima kumhlaba wakhe oziihektare ezili-10 zomhlaba karhulumente awathi wawuqesha. Ethubeni, wanikwa ufikelelo kwiihektare ezingama- 50 zomhlaba okummandla waseVaalspruit (kufutshane eBronkhorstspruit). Kwithuba langoku, uBoy ulima umhlaba oziihektare ezingama-545 awuqeshe kurhulumente kanti ukwaqesha enye yeehektare ezingama-300 enomhlaba otyebileyo kumafama akufutshane. Ulime umbona kuyo yonke le ntsimi kulo nyaka. UBoy kananjalo unomhlambi weenkomo ezingama-300 azityisa kumhlaba odityanelweyo kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni kodwa ebusika zitya emasimini ombona.
UBoy utshate noLinah owaba sisithandwa sakhe besesesikolweni kanti banabantwana abane. Ulilungu eliqukezayo leqela lofundonzulu laseGrain SA kwaye uyile kwizifundonzulu ngomsebenzi wokuvelisa umbona ngokunjalo nezifundo ngokulondolozwa kweTrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza efama. Kwiinyanga ezizayo ezimbalwa, uza kuya kwizifundo Ezikwinqanaba Eseliphambili ngomsebenzi wokuvelisa umbona nokuthengisa, kananjalo nezifundo zokulawula ishishini lezoLimo (Agribusiness).
Utata kaLabious wayevela eKoppies eFree State. Wema eLombaardslaagte apho wazalwa khona uLabious ngowe-1948. Ngomnye wabantwana abalishumi elinesibini. Utata wakhe waqaphela ukuba babehlala kumhlaba otyebe kakhulu waza waqalisa ukulima, esebenzisa iinkabi zeenkomo. "Uthando lwam lomsebenzi wokufama lilifa endalifumana kutata wam," watsho uLabious.
ULabious uphumelele iBanga lesi-8 ngowe-1966, apho athe emva koko waphumelela izifundo zokwakha ngowe-1969. Wayesakha izikolo kummandla waseMafikeng ukususela ngowe-1970 waza wasebenza kwisakhiwo sokuqala ukuba nemigangatho emibini eMafeking. Emva koko, wasebenzela iSebe lemiSebenzi kaWonke-wonke.
"Ngenxa yothando lwam lomsebenzi wokufama, ndaqalisa umsebenzi wokufama kumaxesha athile ngowe-1975. Ndibe neehektare ezi-15 zomhlaba ongowam (kwindawo edityanelweyo) ndaza ndaqesha omnye weehektare ezingama-30, utshilo uLabious. Ngeli xesha asebenza kwiSebe lezemiSebenzi kaWonke-wonke wayefumana iintsuku ezingama-30 ngonyaka. Ebeqinisekisa ukuba uthatha iintsuku zakhe ngexesha lonyaka lokutyala ukuze ongamele ukutyalwa kwezityalo zakhe. ULabious wayenomntu omnye omsebenzelayo kwaye babesebenza ubusuku nemini ngexesha lokutyala - kwi-Massey Ferguson 65. "Bendisebenza edolophini phakathi kweveki ndize ndigoduke ngeempelaveki ukuze ndize kubona umsebenzi wokufama," watsho uLabious.
Ishishini lakhe lokufama lakhula waza ukususela ngowe-1991 wahlala efama evukela emsebenzini yonke imihla. ULabious walima ngamaxesha athile kwada kwangowe-1996 apho wayeselesebenza iihektare ezingama-500. ULabious uqale ukwenza umsebenzi wokufama ixesha elipheleleyo ukususela ngowe-1997 kanti kwithuba langoku selelima malunga neehektare ezili-1 000.
USamuel wazalwa efama, kummandla waseReitz apho uyise wayengumsebenzi wasefama, ngowe-1944. Wayengomnye wamakhwenkwe amahlanu kusapho lwakhe. USamuel wafunda eReitz waza waphumelela iBanga lesi-8. Uthe akugqiba ukufunda waya eGoli apho wasebenza khona kwiqumrhu lobunjineli njengomsebenzi obamba apha naphaya iminyaka emithandathu. USamuel wathi ke waya ePhuthaditjhaba wavula ivenkilana encinci yempahla esetyenziswa mihla le ekhaya. "Njengoko ndandizalelwe efama ndandisoloko ndifuna ukuba ngumfama yiloo nto ndathi ndakufumana ithuba lokuqesha ifama kummandla waseKaallaagte ngowe-1997, ndalitsibela elo thuba," watsho uSamuel. Wahlala kulo mhlaba iminyaka emithathu. Ngowe-2000 wathenga ifama iLorelei kummandla wasePaul Roux ngokusebenzisa isibonelelo sama-R30 000 nemali-mboleko eLand Bank.
"Amaxesha abe nzima kakhulu, kodwa kulo nyaka ngoncedo lwaseGrain SA nolweOVK, ndikwazile ukuhlawula ityala lam lemveliso eOVK nelaseLand Bank kanti ndinemali eseleyo yokutyala iihektare ezingama-30 zengqolowa," uthethe watsho uSamuel.
<fn>PulaImvula. Harvest.2007-12.xh.txt</fn>
Ligalelekile ixesha lokuvuna!
Iifoto ezikhaphileyo zibonisa intlekele enokufunyanwa ngumfama wengqolowa xa amalungiselelo akhe okuhlanganisela engamanga kakuhle. Ezi foto zathathwa ngoFebhuwari emasimini eMpuma-Koloni - le ngqolowa ayizange ivunwe, kwaza kwafuneka ukuba amasimi atshiswe!
Ilusizi kakhulu into yokuba emva konyaka wokusebenza ungakwazi ukusa ukutya okuziinkozo kuvimba we-silo yiloo nto kufuneka kwenziwe konke okusemandleni ukuthintela ukwenzeka kwesi siganeko.
Ngelishwa ingqolowa sisityalo esifanele ukuvunwa ngomatshini ukuze isivuno sibe sihle kangangoko nomgangatho waso ube mhle kanti ngaphezu koko, abavuni bengqolowa baziqhuba ngokwabo nto leyo ethetha ukuba ngoomatshini abanexabiso eliphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neminye. Ukubekwa kwemigangatho yengqolowa kubaluleke kakhulu kwixabiso layo kwaye ingqolowa sisityalo esilahlekelwa ngumgangatho waso ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kwaye kuba lula xa ingavunwanga ngexesha elichanekileyo. Ingqolowa kufuneka ivunwe msinyane kangangoko, njengoko imvula nje encinci ena phezu kwengqolowa evuthiweyo iya kwanela ukuthoba umgangatho wayo ze ngolo hlobo imveliso yengqolowa ingabi nanzuzo.
Inkoliso yamafama amancinci kuye kufuneke ukuba ixhomekeke kubahlanganiseli bababhambathiswa ukuvuna isityalo sabo.
Ukholisa ukungena kwiimvumelwano namafama kuselithuba kwixesha lonyaka.
Uyakhuthazeka ukungena kubhambathiso lweehektare ezininzi kangangoko njengoko oku kuthetha ingeniso.
Akakwazi kucingela kwangethuba langaphambili ukuba imvula iya kuna nini kwaye phi ngaloo ndlela unokubambezeleka.
Ukhetha ukuvuna amasimi amakhulu angenazikhonto njengoko umatshini unako ukusebenza iihektare ezininzi ngemini kuba uza kujikeleza amaxa ambalwa entsimini.
Akafuni kulinda iinqwelo zokulayisha.
Uhlawulwa ngokwenani leehektare azivunileyo hayi ngokomgangatho obonwa ngumfama.
Ujongana namaxesha okungasebenzi - xa oomatshini besebenza kakhulu bayaphuka kwaye oko sukuba kungabonakalanga kwangethuba elingaphambili.
Akakwazi kusoloko ezifumana iinxalenye zoomatshini kuba konke oku kwenzeka ngexesha leKrisimesi nangoNyaka oMtsha xa uninzi lwabantu lukhetha ukuthatha ikhefu.
Konke oku kuvakala kunganiki themba kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuziqwalasela izinto ezinokuba yingxaki ukuze umntu akwazi ukucinga amacebo okoyisa ezo ngxaki.
Enze amalungiselelo nombhambathiswa kuselithuba.
Azame ukuqinisekisa ukuba umbhambathiswa akenzanga sithembiso singaphezu kwamandla akhe.
Aqinisekise ukuba amatye ambalwa entsimini kangangoko kunokwenzeka njengoko anokonakalisa inxalenye kamatshini ovunayo.
Alungiselele iinqwelo zokulayisha ezaneleyo zibe khona emasimini ukuze umsebenzi ungabambezeleki.
Enze amalungiselelo okulondoloza ingqolowa ukuba ayikwazi kususwa entsimini.
Enze amalungiselelo noovimba bee-silo bendawo yakhe apho ingqolowa inokomiswa khona, ithuba xa likhona oku kufuneka kwenziwe.
Kukho izinto ezimbini ezivusa umxhelo malunga nexesha lonyaka lokuvuna - ukugqibeka komjikelo wemveliso yesityalo esinye ngokunjalo isiqalo selinye ixesha lonyaka. Kubalimi abavelisa ingqolowa eFree State, umba wolondolozo lokufuma emhlabeni uphelele mhlawumbi ngowona mba ubalulekileyo kwinkqubo iphelele yokuveliswa kwengqolowa kwifusi lasehlotyeni.
Ukubaluleka kokulondoloza ukufuma emhlabeni akunakugxininiswa ngemfezeko. Le nkqubo kufuneka iqaliswe kwangoko emva kokuvuna isityalo sexesha elidlulileyo.
Utshaba lokuqala luqukuqelo olwenzeka ngenxa yomphezulu olukhuni kakhulu othintela imvula ukuba igqobhoze okanye xa imvula inkulu kakhulu isuka ingakuvumeli ukugqobhozeka komphezulu womhlaba.
Olwesibini yintshukumo yemijelwana emincinci - oku kukuhamba kwamanzi esiya phezulu ngakumphezulu apho anokuguquka abe ngumphunga aze alahleke emoyeni ongqonge umhlaba. Oku kwenzeka xa umphezulu ugangathekile kwaye ulukhuni.
Olwesithathu lukhutshiswano olwenziwa lukhula - ukhula olusentsimini lusebenzisa ukufuma wena mfama ozama ukukulondolozela isityalo esilandelayo.
Kufuneka uphathe amasimi akho ukusuka kwixesha lesivuno sexesha elidlulileyo ukuya kwixesha lokutyala ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulondoloza amanzi amaninzi kangangoko kwimbonakalo yomhlaba kangangoko. Impumelelo yesityalo esilandelayo ubukhulu becala isezandleni zakho!
<fn>PulaImvula. Hat(maize).2011-01-12.xh.txt</fn>
Grabber: Ukubeka umhlaba wakho wexabiso phantsi kokhuselo linyathelo elihle kakhulu!
Xa ubani eqwalasela iingqokelelo zamanani abonisa ufumanisa ukuba amanqanaba okuchuma komhlaba kwi-Afrika esemzantsi ayehla kanti siyacutheka nesiqulatho somhlaba esichunyiswe ngolutho oluyindalo kuphela, oko kuthetha ukuba zininzi izizathu ezilungileyo zokucinga ngeenzuzo zokutyala izityalo ezikhuselayo ngakumbi ngenxa yeemvula eziqalisa kade ukuna neendleko zegalelo lemveliso eziphezulu zokuqalisa umsebenzi - yomibini le miba esiyifumana kweli xesha lonyaka, inako ukuthintela umlimi ukuba angawutyali umbona.
Nangona izityalo zokukhusela iyindlela eseyisetyenziswa kwiikqubo zokujikelezisa izityalo kwiinkulungwane ezininzi, abalimi kule mihla sebethande ukuqhela ukusebenzisa izichumiso nemichiza etshabalalisa ukhula. Ingqalelo eyandayo yokulondoloza ubume bemeko esingqongileyo ikhokelela ekubeni abalimi banamhla baphindele kujikeleziso lwezityalo zokukhusela ngenxa yeenzuzo abazifumana kuzo.
Isakhiwo somhlaba siphuculwa nanini xa isityalo similisela iingcambu kwaye sikhula emhlabeni ogangathekileyo. Umhlaba uba nemingxunyana kwaye xa unjalo ukufunxa kwaye ukulondoloza phucukileyo ukufuma. Xa umhlaba ushiywe ungalinywanga kwithuba elithile lexesha, umphezulu uyagangatheka ukuze oko kubange ukuqengqeleka kwamanzi axabisekileyo. Izityalo ezikhuselayo zikhusela umphezulu womhlaba elangeni elinobungozi njengengubo kanti azinciphisi kuphela amanqanaba okugangatheka koko zikwazisa izidalwanana eziphilayo ezifana nemisundululu eziphila kakuhle xa zicumza amasuntswana ezityalo.
Izityalo zokukhusela zisebenza ukubamba umhlaba ukuba uyondelelane ukuze kucutheke kakhulu kangangoko nakuphi ukulahleka komhlaba ngenxa yokhukuliseko lwamanzi okanye lomoya.
Uninzi lwezityalo zokukhusela lunika ubutyebi bendalo lwezichumiso ezityebileyo ezingenamichiza. Imidumba yongeza i-nitrogen exabisekileyo emhlabeni. Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba ube ufake isichumiso kakuhle ngexesha lonyaka lokulima uze ube namanqanaba agqithisileyo e-nitrogen emhlabeni, mhlawumbi njengesiphumo sesityalo esingakhulanga kakuhle ngenxa yembalela, umzekelo, ngoko ke ezi zondlo zinokusetyenziselwa uncedo oluthe chatha ngokutyala isityalo sokukhusela esifana nesityalo esiyifula esine-potassium ne-phosphorus eninzi.
Ingxaki exhaphakileyo efunyaniswa ngabalimi lunqongophalo lwezondlo ngakumbi i-Nitrogen ne-Phosphorus. Oku kunokusonjululwa lula ngokusebenzisa isichumiso sokulungisa isiphene kodwa abalimi bezixa ezincinci abangenandlela yakusithenga bakholisa ukungakwazi ukulikhetha eli cebo ngoko ke isityalo sokukhusela esijikeleziswayo siba sisisombululo esixabisekileyo nesomeleza inzuzo ngokoqoqosho nesichumiso somhlaba. Licebo elamkeleke jikelele ukuba ngokusebenzisa isityalo sasehlotyeni esingumdumba esifana nee-ertyisi zemidumba emide ngomjikelo wokujikelezisa nombona, imveliso nesivuno zingaphuculwa, kanti ukuchuma komhlaba kuyanda kwandule kuhle neendleko zesichumiso.
Isimo esishinyeneyo sesityalo esikhuselayo esifana nee-ertyisi zemidumba emide okanye ingca eneenkozwana ziba yimithunzi ethintela ilanga kanti zidodobalisa nokhula obeluya kukhula ngokukhululekileyo.
Kwiziganeko ezithile apho kutyalwa khona izityalo ezifana ne-ertyisi enemidumba emide (akkerboontjies) kunye nengca eneenkozwana (eragrostis tef), isityalo eso asiniki nzuzo emhlabeni kuphela xa bekungekho mbona utyaliweyo, kodwa sikwanika umlimi uncedo lokondla imfuyo yakhe okuya kuxabiseka kakhulu kwixesha elizayo lonyaka elingenamvula.
Inkoliso yezityalo ikhatshwa ziindleko zothutho ukusuka entsimini apho ziveliswa khona ukuya apho zithengiswa khona kanti izityalo ezikhuselayo zona azikholisi kuba nazindleko zakuthuthwa njengoko zilinyelwa ukusetyenziswa apho zityalwe khona okanye kwifama esekhaya ngokwayo.
Kufuneka sityalwe nini?
Yintoni injongo yokusetyenziswa kwaso?
Zeziphi izityalo zokukhusela eziqhele ukusebenza kakuhle kwindawo yam?
Ingaba le ntsimi ifuna isityalo sokukhusela esingumdumba okanye esingenguwo Khumbula ukuba izityalo zokukhusela zandisa amanqanaba e-nitrogen ngokuyitsala emoyeni osingqongileyo kanti izityalo ezingeyomidumba zisebenzisa i-nitrogen eseyikhona emhlabeni kunye nezinye izondlo?
Ezinye izityalo ezinokusetyenziswa eziyimidumba zezi: iimbotyi ze-sugar, iimbotyi zesoya, iilusini, ii-ertyisi zasentsimini okanye ii-ertyisi zemidumba emide, ifula eyi-clover njl. Kanti ezinye izityalo ezingeyomidumba zezi: ingca eneenkozwana, irayi, ihabile, ingqolowa, ifula okanye iradishi yaseJapani.
I-ertyisi yemidumba emide sisityalo sasehlotyeni esiyinyamezelayo imbalela nobushushu. Sisityalo esikhula kanye ngonyaka nesifikelela kubude bama-80 cm kwaye sithumela ingcambu ende eyomeleleyo emhlabeni. Ikhula ngokonwaba emihlabeni engemihlanga eyisanti. Iluncedo emhlabeni njengoko ikwazi ukukhula emihlabeni enqongopheleyo nge-nitrogen ngaphandle kokufakelwa isichumiso kodwa okubalulekileyo kukuba ibalasele ngokondla abantu nezilwanyana njengoko amagqabi, imidumba nembewu yayo inesondlo esiphezulu nesixabisekileyo. Ii-ertyisi zemidumba emide zisenokomiswa ngokunjalo kwaye zigcinwe ngempumelelo.
Eli dlelo lilinywayo yimveliso ekhawulezayo nevuthwa kakuhle yonyaka ngamnye kwisithuba seeveki ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12. Ikhula kamnandi phantsi kweemeko zasehlotyeni ezingeshushwanga kakhulu kanti nakwimihlaba engenamanzi awaneleyo ikwakhula kakuhle. Ingca eneenkozwana ilukhuselo oluncamisayo lomhlaba kanti ukushinyana kwayo kuxinanisa ukhula olungafunekiyo. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengefula kanti inokuvunwa kabini obona buncinci ngexesha lonyaka elihle. Ifula yona isikwa nje phambi kokuba imbewu imilisele.
Zichulumachisa kakhulu iziphumo ezinokufumaneka ngenxa yezityalo zokukhusela ezijikeleziswayo ezityalwa ngexesha lonyaka elinemvula xa umlimi enazo kwixesha elithile lonyaka okanye xa engakwazi kutyala izityalo zakhe zesiqhelo ngexesha leemvula ezixhaphakileyo. Abalimi kulo lonke elimiweyo baziwa ngokubiza izityalo zabo zokukhusela "umnqwazi womhlaba" ngenxa yokhuselo ezilinika umhlaba wabo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukubeka umhlaba wakho oxabisekileyo phantsi kokhuselo yinto elunge kakhulu!
<fn>PulaImvula. Heart.2010-01.xh.txt</fn>
I-Grain SA ilawula inkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama efumana inkxaso-mali kwiMaize Trust , kwiOil and Protein Seeds Development Trust, kwiSorghum Trust nakwiWinter Cereals Trust, ngenjongo yokuxhobisa abalimi baseMzantsi Afrika ngolwazi olufumaneka kuqeqesho, nakwinkonzo enezakhiwo zenkxaso ezisebenzisekayo nekulula ukufikelela kuzo.
Ngenxa yokuba iGrain SA ineqela leengcaphephe ezibekwe ngobuchule ukuze zinikele ngeentlobo zobuchule nemfundo yomgangatho ophezulu kubalimi abatsha baseMzantsi Afrika, kwithuba langoku iya ngokuduma ngendlela ekhawulezileyo njengenkokeli kummandla woPhuhliso lwabaLimi kweli lizwe. Amalungu aseGrain SA akholelwa ekubeni le nkqubo iya kuncedisa kwinkqubo yenguqu, ngokunika inkxaso kubantu abebehlelelekile kwithuba langaphambili ukuze bangene kukhutshiswano ngendlela engenamkhethe kwishishini lezityalo eziziinkozo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ingubani iGrain SA, kwaye idlala yiphi indima kwimo ekubhekiselelwe kuyo yezolimo lwaseMzantsi Afrika.
Ngubani iGrain SA?
I-Grain SA ngumbutho onika inkonzo ngokuzithandela nogqaliselo lohlobo olulodwa kwishishini lesizwe nelehlabathi lezityalo eziziinkozo. Ijolise ekukhuthazeni umdla wabo bonke abalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo eMzantsi Afrika.
Nawuphi umlimi osebenza ngezityalo eziziinkozo, nokhuthaza iinjongo zeGrain SA, unelungelo kwaye uyakhuthazwa ukungenela umbutho emva kokuhlawula iimali zokuba lilungu ezifunekayo.
Yeyiphi indima edlalwa yiGrain SA kubume bemeko yezolimo eMzantsi Afrika?
I-Grain SA ngugunyaziwe okwishishini lesizwe nelehlabathi lezityalo eziziinkozo kwaye injongo yayo kukusebenza njengesithethi esimele bonke abalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo baseMzantsi Afrika ngendlela ekhuthaza umdla wabalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo kunye nomsebenzi wothungelwano ngokubanzi kwishishini lezityalo eziziinkozo.
I-Grain SA isebenza njengomlindi kwishishini eli kwaye uzibandakanya nomgaqo-nkqubo kwiinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo ezichaphazela umdla wabalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo, ekwenza oko egameni lamalungu. I-Grain SA ibandakanyeka ngamandla ekunikweni kwemibono nezimvo zabalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo kurhulumente nasekuvisisaneni norhulumente ekusonjululweni kweengxaki nakuwiso-mthetho oluyilwayo.
Ugqaliselo olusentloko lweGrain SA kukuzabalazela imveliso encomekayo nobume bemeko yentengiso engenamkhethe yezityalo eziziinkozo. Umbutho lo ukwazibandakanya ngamandla nabanye abadlali bendima abafana neUSA neBrazil kwityathanga lexabiso ukuze kuphuculwe iqondo lokhutshiswano kwishishini elibanzi lwezityalo eziziinkozo.
La maqela aquka abasebenzi baseGrain SA, iingcaphephe zohlobo olulodwa nabalimi abakwisiGqeba.
Zihlola ubume bemeko yabalimi abatsha zize zizabalazele ukukhuthaza ukungena kwimveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo nakwimimandla yentengiso. Eli qela nalo lilandela ngoqwalaselo umsebenzi weNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, nangona iGrain SA ingenako ukunika nayiphi inkxaso-mali kumalungu ayo, iyayinika inkxaso nolwazi oluyimfuneko kangangoko kumlimi ngamnye wezityalo eziziinkozo kweli lizwe. Imisebenzi yombutho yenza kube yinto enokwenzeka ukuba abavelisi bajoise kwinto abayenza ngokubalasela - nto leyo ekukulima nokuthengisa izityalo eziziinkozo! Kubalulekile kubo bonke abalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo ukuqonda ukuba iGrain SA inikela kakhulu ngaphezu kwemfundo noqeqesho!
Wonke umlimi wezityalo eziziinkozo eMzantsi Afrika makazabalazele ukuba lilungu elipheleleyo laseGrain SA elinamalungelo apheleleyo okuvota. I-Grain SA ingamehlo, iindlebe nomlomo wabalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo baseMzantsi Afrika kubume bemeko eya ngokwanda ngokobugocigoci nefumana amava okwanda koxinzelelo oluvela kwiimpembelelo zangaphandle ezifana nokhutshiswano lwehlabathi. Ukuba kungumceli-mngeni kumlimi wezityalo eziziinkozo oselezinzile ukukhuphisana kwimimandla yentengiso kwezi ntsuku, ingaba kunzima kangakanani kubalimi abatsha ukuba bazizinzise njengabalimi abarhwebayo abanempumelelo nabanolondolozo Ngaphandle kwenkxaso yobungcali, isakhiwo esinesiseko esinjengeGrain SA, iimpembelelo nokhuselo lomdla wabo bonke abalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo uya kuba sengozini?
<fn>PulaImvula. HelpMaize.2009-05.xh.txt</fn>
Ndincedeni torho - Ndifuna ukufama!
Baninzi abalimi abasifowunelayo benesi sicelo - "Ndincedeni torho, ndifuna ukufama". Abanye baba bantu akukho nto banayo kwaphela, lo gama abanye benomhlaba nezixhobo zokusebenza. Ukufama lishishini kwaye ukuqhuba naliphi ishishini kunzima namhla - kufuneka uxhobe, uzinikele kwaye ube nolwazi.
Malunga nabo banqwenela ukuba ngabalimi kodwa babe bengenalo ufikelelo lomhlaba okanye oomatshini, le ngxaki inzima ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba akukho mfuneko yokuba ube nomhlaba ukuze ube ngumlimi. Enyanisweni, wonke umhlaba uyimboleko kuthi - sonke singabakhathaleli bomhlaba ukuze xa sisifa, siwushiye uphila umhlaba. Ukuba unomdla onzulu kumsebenzi wokufama, fumana ufikelelo emhlabeni, nangona kunjalo, ungaqalisa ngomhlaba omncinci. Unako ukuqesha umhlaba (khumbula ukuba umhlaba wobunini babucala nawo unako ukuqeshiswa kanti kwakhona, uninzi loomaspala beli lizwe lunemihlaba yokubolekisa enokufumaneka xa uwuqesha). Kufuneka uqalise kwaye kufuneka uziqhelanise nokulima - awunakuba ngumlimi ngokufunda iincwadi kuphela, njengoko izifundo ngomsebenzi wokufama azinzimanga njengokulima ngokwenza.
Into elandelayo ekufuneka unayo lulwazi - ukulima kunamacala amaninzi. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokufama onesicwangciso sokulwenza, usenokufuna ukwazi ngezityalo (zonke izityalo zembewu eziziinkozo nezeoyile, imifuno, ifula nontlakantlakiso), izilwanyana (impahla eninzi, impahla encinci, iinkuku, izilwanyana zasendle neehagu) oomatshini (iitrektara, izixhobo zokutyala, izitshizi kunye nezixhobo zokulima) kanti okukona kubalulekileyo, kufuneka wazi ngokulawula imithombo yobutyebi oza kuyisebenza (imali, amadoda, oomatshini kunye nezinto ekusetyenzwa ngazo).
Xa unako ukufikelela kumhlaba omncinci, nokuba yihektare enye okanye ezimbini - qhuba! Wakuba uqalisile, uya kuba usendleleni yokuba ngumvelisi wezityalo orhwebayo. Sowuyifundile indlela elungileyo yokwenza yonke into - yenze ke ngendlela elungileyo. Ngelishwa, sifumanisa ukuba abantu bathi beyifundile indlela elungileyo yokwenza izinto, kodwa baqhube ngokwenza izinto ngendlela endala. Uthi uOprah Winfrey, "Ukuba abantu bazi phucukileyo, benza phucukileyo". Ukuba ufundile ngokuthathwa kweesampulu zomhlaba ukuze kuhlalutywe isimo sezondlo zomhlaba wakho - yenza njalo! Xa iingcebiso ngesichumiso zibuyela kuwe - sebenzisa isichumiso esichanekileyo (nokuba kukwihektare enye kuphela). Thenga imbewu echanekileyo, qiniseka ukuba utyala inani elichanekileyo lezityalo emqolweni nokuthi izithuba eziphakathi kwemiqolo zichanekile. Tshabalalisa ukhula - ukhula lulutshaba lokuqala lomsebenzi wokulima, luyeba kwizityalo zakho! Luba amanzi, ukutya, ukukhanya kwelanga nomoya - akakho phakathi kwethu onokunyamezela ukubelwa, ngokunjalo nezityalo zakho azinako ukunyamezela ukubelwa.
Xa sowuqinisekile ukuba uyakuqonda ekufuneka kwenziwe emsebenzini wokufama, sukuba elo ilixesha lokwandisa ubukhulu bomhlaba owusebenzisayo. Siqhele ukuva abantu abaninzi besithi umhlaba wabo mncinci kakhulu awulingenanga ukuba balime - kodwa ingaba umhlatyana onawo uwusebenzisa kangangoko na Ingaba mhlawumbi uvelisa ngaphezulu kumhlaba omncinci onawo Ingaba usebenzisa lonke icebiso - olikhumbulayo ukuba kusoloko kukho abantu abazi ngaphezu kokuba usazi kwaye bayakuthakazelela ukukunceda?
<fn>PulaImvula. Hunger.2010-04-01.xh.txt</fn>
Umbutho Wophuhliso LwamaFama Okutya Okuziinkozo osandula ukubunjwa (Grain Farmer Development Association - GFADA), ngokusebenzisana Nothungelwano Lwetyathanga Lexabiso Lokutya Okuziinkozo (Grain Value Chain Network - GVCN), awunaxhala ngokungabikho kwenzuzo ngemveliso yokutya okuziinkozo okubanzi kwaseMzantsi Afrika kuphela, kodwa ukwaxhalaba ngeempembelelo ezinamandla abhubhisayo phezu kwabantu abasangena kwezolimo.
Ukusekwa kwaba balimi batsha yenye yeenjongo eziphambili zikaRhulumente ngoko ke i-GFADA ifuna ukuxhasa abafiki ngawo onke amandla enawo. Ukunika aba bafiki umhlaba wodwa kube kungekho nkxaso nankuthazo yimbi kukuphika okugxekekayo kobukho beemeko ezigqubayo aba bafiki abajongene nazo. Amalungu eGVCN anobungcaphephe namava okubambana ngezandla nokunika inkxaso, kodwa yindima kaRhulumente ukunikwa kweemali ezifunekayo zokuthenga izixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze bafumane ithuba lokulondolozeka nokuba lincinci kangaka.
Enyanisweni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iimeko zeshishini ngokuphelela kwalo ziphengululwe kakuhle. Liyabaleka lona ixesha kanti kuya kuba yimini elusizi xa abantu baseMzantsi Afrika sebefumana amava okunqongophala kokutya. Eli lixesha lokuba wonke ubani abone ukuba phantsi kweemeko ezikhoyo ngoku, eli xhala liya ngokuba yinto eza kusoloko ikhona.
Ingxaki ilele phi?
Amaxabiso emveliso anxulunyaniswe ngokungqalileyo kwiindleko zamagalelo zehlabathi kanti uMzantsi Afrika lelinye lamazwe anezona zindleko ziphezulu zamagalelo ehlabathini. Ukunyuka kweendleko zemveliso kwenzeka ngesantya esingaphezulu kunamaxabiso okuthengisa imveliso, nto leyo ebeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kubalimi.
Ukwenza imveliso nokukhuthala zezona zisombululo zibini zibalulekileyo zengxaki. Uphando ke ngoko lunyanzelekile ukuze kuphuculwe izenzo zokwenza imveliso. Imibandela eqhwalelisayo kukuba uRhulumente akakhuphi zingxowa-mali zaneleyo zokwenza uphando oluvakalayo.
Amaxabiso anyukayo abanga ukuba imida enyukayo yenzuzo ngehektare nganye iqatshelwe okanye umlinganiselo wokukhupha imveliso wenziwe banzi ngakumbi. Oku kuthetha ukuba iiyunithi zokulima kufuneka zandiswe ukuze zinike ingeniso eshiyeka njengenzuzo eninzi. Kungenjalo, abafiki abatsha banokufikelela kumanqanaba afunekayo engeniso eshiyeka njengenzuzo kuphela ngenkuthalo ethe chatha nangezobugcisa zamva nje. Injongo yokungenela kuqoqosho lomlinganiselo isekhona. Phantsi kwale meko abafiki abatsha bathembele ekugqithiselweni phambili kwezakhono zobuchule nakwinkxaso enganqunyanyiswayo, engumbono we-GFADA. Esi sisithintelo esikhulu ebantwini abafikayo kwezolimo. Umsebenzi wezolimo lishishini lemingcipheko eliwubeka esichengeni sokungabi nanzuzo ngeminyaka emibi.
Kwicala lengeniso, amaxabiso akwanxulunyaniswa nezimbo zehlabathi kwaye awathembeki ngenxa yamanqanaba otshintshiselwano. Oku kungaphaya kwamandla abalimi kwaye kuphembelela ngakumbi iimvumelwano zotshintshiselwano. Kanti amaxabiso awayeki ukuguqu-guquka malunga nokulungelelaniswa kwempahla ethengwa kumazwe angaphandle nethengiswa ngaphandle kanti kwithuba langoku asondele kulungelelaniso lokuthengisa ngaphandle kanti ke oko kunyina inzuzo nangakumbi.
Amaxabiso abekwa ngokwezixokelelwano zokusebenza zommandla wentengiso okhululekileyo, aya esandisa ukubaluleka kwemfuno ebangwayo nokunikwa kwenkxaso. Umsebenzi wemveliso waseMzantsi Afrika ungaphezu kweemfuno ezibangwa kweli lizwe zommandla wentengiso ngoko ke amalinge okuthengisa kumazwe angaphandle asenokungabi nanzuzo. Inkxaso yehlabathi kwithuba langoku iphezulu kakhulu nto leyo enyanzelisa ukuthotywa kwamaxabiso. Imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente yalapha enyina imida icinezela uphuhliso lwemimandla emitsha yentengiso (izibaseli zendalo), nto leyo edodobalisa ukongezelelwa kwexabiso.
Abalimi baseMzantsi Afrika bonwabela inkxaso encinci kaRhulumente okanye ayibikho naleyo incinci, nto leyo ebathintelayo kukhutshiswano ngokuthengisa kwamanye amazwe apho abalimi bafumana khona inkxaso karhulumente. Urhulumente waseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka aphengulule ulawulo lwakhe lweemali zerhafu ukuqinisekisa inkxaso yomlimi ephucukileyo nokuthengeka kumsebenzisi.
<fn>PulaImvula. Hybrid(maize).xh.txt</fn>
Figure 1: Umyinge wesivuno sezityalo eziziinkozo esifumaneke phakathi kwamaxesha onyaka wama-2008 nowama-2009.
Photo: Umbona omvumvuzelwa ngokuhlanganiselwa.
Abalimi banoluhlu lwezizathu zokuba bangatyali mali kwimbewu engumhlanganiselwa, ezifana neendleko eziphezulu zembewu, ukunqaba kwemali ngexesha lokutyala, ukungafumaneki kwembewu engumhlanganiselwa, isidingo sokuthenga isichumiso, umahluko omncinci okanye ongekhoyo kwisivuno, ukunqongophala kokuziqhelanisa, ulondolozo olunganelanga nomgangatho ophantsi wokuqhutyelwa phambili kwemihlanganiselwa yorhwebo efumanekayo.
Ezi ngxoxo-mpikiswano zivusa imibuzo, yokuba ingaba imihlanganiselwa inoncedo ngaphezu kohlobo olumvumvuzelwa ngokuvulekileyo (open pollinated variety - OPV) na ukwenzela abalimi abangathathi ntweni apho ubukho bembewu bungenakuqinisekiswa khona, apho ukusetyenziswa kwamagalelo kuphantsi khona nalapho ukusilela kwesityalo kuqheleke khona. Owona mbuzo wenene uthi loluphi uhlobo: ngumhlanganiselwa okanye luhlobo olumvumvuzelwa ngokuvulekileyo na olulolona lulondolozekayo (i-OPV) kumlimi ukuze afeze ukhuseleko lokutya ngokunjalo afumane inkxaso yengeniso elondolozekayo.
Imbewu ligalelo eliphambili kuyo yonke imveliso yezityalo. Zonke izenzo zokulima zenzelwa ukufumana isakhono esipheleleyo semfuza yembewu elinyiweyo. Akukho zenzo zolimo (umzekelo ukuhlakula, ukulima, ukutshabalalisa ukhula, ukufaka isichumiso, ukutshabalalisa izinambuzane ezonakalisa izityalo nezifo) zinokwandisa izivuno zezityalo ngaphaya kwemida emiselwe ngumgangatho wembewu. Imbewu ke ngoko ngumda osisiseko sempumelelo okanye sentsilelo yesityalo esityaliweyo.
Ukuze kufumaneke izivuno eziphezulu, umntu makatyale imbewu yomgangatho ophezulu. Ukuze umntu aqiniseke ngembewu yomgangatho olungileyo, makathenge kwaye atyale imbewu eqinisekisiweyo, nokuba ingumhlanganiselwa okanye yi-OPV. Imbewu eqinisekisiweyo icoceke ngama-98% obona buncinci kwaye Ibe nepesenti yokuntshula engama-90% obona buncinane. Iindleko zembewu eqinisekisiweyo ingalinganiswa nesakhono sayo esiphezulu sesivuno.
Abalimi abalima kancinane nabalimela ukutya kwekhaya abajongene nezithintelo zemali, bakholisa ukutyala umbona ogcinwe ukususela kwisivuno sexesha elidlulileyo. Ukuba oku bakwenza ngeenkozo ezigciniweyo zombona wemihlanganiselwa, bakholisa ukuba nezivuno ezinciphileyo (ukufikelela kuma-50%) xa kuthelekiswa nombona olinywe ngembewu entsha.
Nangona kunjalo, ukutyala izityalo eziziinkozo ezigcinwe kwiintlobo ezimvumvuzelwa ngokuvulekileyo akubi nasiphumo seelahleko zezivuno.
Umhlanganiselwa yimveliso (inzalo yesizukulwana sokuqala) yokuhlangana phakathi kwabazali abangazalaniyo (abangafaniyo ngokwemfuza), omnye ngowesikhomokazi ekugqaliselwe kuye aze omnye abe liduna. Ukuzimvumvuzela ngokwaso isityalo yinkqubo yokuthatha imvumvuzela ize igalelwe kubulembu baso sona eso sityalo. Xa umbona uzimvumvuzele ngokwawo, isizukulwana ngasinye siba buthathaka. Oku kwaziwa njengokwazandisela, kanti emva kwezizukulwana ngezizukulwana, oku kukhokelela kwizityalo ezibuthathaka ezibizwa ngokuba yimifuziselo yokuzandisela. Le mifuziselo yokuzandisela mincinane ngobukhulu, inezikhwebu ezincinane nezivuno ezicuthekileyo. Naxa kunjalo, xa imifuziselo emibini yokuzandisela ixwesisiwe, amandla ayabuyela kwimbewu efumanekileyo ukuze isivuno sezityalo esikhuliswe kuloo mbewu sande kakhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngamandla omhlanganiselwa. Kwenzeka njengesiphumo sokudibaniselana phakathi kweeseti zeziqalelo zemfuza ezifunyanwa kwimifuziselo yokuzandisela emibini eyahluka-hlukeneyo.
Ungumhlanganiselwa othile onokukhethwa ngokuphathelene ngokumelana nezinambuzane ezithile nezifo okanye ngokunyamezela imbalela.
Imihlanganiselwa jikelele inesivuno esiphezulu kuneentlobo ezimvumvuzelwa ngokuvulekileyo.
Imihlanganiselwa ifana ncam ngebala, ngokukhula nangezinye iimpawu zezityalo nto leyo evumela umlimi ukuba aqhube ngemisebenzi ethile (umzekelo, ukufaka isichumiso, ukutshiza nokuvuna) ngaxeshanye.
Ukufana ncam kweenkozo ezivuniweyo nako kunokuba nezinto eziluncedo ngokuphathelene nokuthengisa xa zithengiselwa abathengi abakhetha imigangatho ephezulu.
Isivuno semihlanganiselwa siqhele ukuba ngaphezulu nge-18% ngaphezu kwese-OPV.
Imbewu yayo inexabiso eliphezulu.
Umlimi kufuneka avune ngaphezu kweetoni ezimbini ngehektare nganye ukwenzelelela ixabiso eliphezulu lembewu.
Imbewu entsha ifuna ukuthengwa qho ngexesha lonyaka lokutyala.
Iinkozo eziveliswa kwimbewu yomhlanganiselwa ayifanelanga kusetyenziswa njengembewu kumaxesha alandelayo okulima.
Umlimi usenokungakwazi ukufumana imbewu kuselithuba.
Imihlanganiselwa ibuthathaka ngakumbi kwiimeko ezibangela ukucinezeleka (umzekelo ukuvela amanquma).
Phantsi kokuphathwa kakubi kwezityalo neemeko ezirhabaxa zemozulu, isivuno semihlanganiselwa asisogqithi kangako esee-OPV.
Yintoni uhlobo olumvumvuzelwa ngokuvulekileyo (open pollinated variety - OPV)?
Uhlobo olumvumvuzelwa ngokuvulekileyo (i-OPV) lolwembewu evela ngokwandiswa ngoxwesiso nangawuphi umgaqo (oko kukuthi akukho sicwangciso sokumvumvuzelwa). Ukumvumvuzelwa kwezityalo emasimini akulawulwa, ngoko ke izityalo azisayi kufana ngobude, ibala lobulembu liza kwahluka, izikhwebu azizi kulingana ngobukhulu nangesimo kanti izityalo ziya kuvuthwa ngamaxesha ahluka-hlukileyo.
Iindleko eziphantsi zembewu okanye ezingekhoyo. Umlimi angagcina inxalenye yesityalo njengembewu.
Ixabiso lembewu linganeno kakhulu kwelembewu yemihlanganiselwa.
Enye imali ingachithelwa ekuthengeni isichumiso okanye isitshabalalisi sezinambuzane ezonakalisa izityalo.
Imbewu ingaphinda ihlaziywe. Oko kukuthi, iinkozo zeli xesha lonyaka zingatyalwa kwixesha lonyaka elizayo.
Iindawo ezinesakhono esiphantsi azizifanelanga iindleko eziphezulu zembewu engumhlanganiselwa.
Imbewu ye-OPV inesiseko esibanzi semfuza kwaye iyahluka-hluka ngokwemihla yokuntshula iintyatyambo. Oku kubangela ithuba elithande ukuba lide lokuntshula kweentyatyambo, nelivumela i-OPV ukuba imvumvuzelwe ngamathuba amafutshane okucinezeleka okukhulu (umzekelo ukunqongophala kokuma, nokufudumala, njl.njl.). Oku kwahluka ngamanye amaxesha kunako ukunika izivuno ezizinzileyo kunemihlanganiselwa entshula iintyatyambo ngendlela efana ncam.
Kubalulekile ukuthenga imbewu eqinisekisiweyo qho kwiminyaka emithathu ukugcina ukucoceka kwemfuza.
Isakhono sesivuno sikholisa ukuba ngaphantsi nge10% kuya kwi 25%.
Kwiindawo ezinesakhono esiphezulu, izityalo ze-OPV ziya kucutha imida yenzuzo.
Azisayi kufana ncam ngebala, ngokuvuthwa nangezinye iimpawu zezityalo.
Inokuba neempembelelo kwixabiso leenkozo, o.kt. kumgangatho.
Ukungafani kwazo kunokukhokelela ebunzimeni bokwenza imisebenzi ethile, efana nokutshiza nokuvuna, (ngakumbi xa kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokuvuna esihlanganiselayo).
Ukugcina imbewu ye-OPV icocekile, mayityalwe kumgama ongama-300 m obona buncinane ukusuka kwezinye iintlobo.
Imbewu engekho mgangathweni (imbewu egcinelwe ukulinywa kwesityalo esilandelayo ikholisa ukugcinwa phantsi kweemeko ezingaphucukanga kwaye ibe kananjalo igcinwe kubushushu obuphezulu, izinambuzane ezonakalisayo kunye nezifo) inokukhokelela kwizityalo ezingantshuli kakuhle nezibuthathaka ezingakhuphisani kakuhle nokhula.
Njengomthetho, imbewu yee-OPV ayihlenga-hlengiswanga ngokwemfuza ukuze ikwazi ukumelana nezinambuzane okanye nezinto ezitshabalalisa ukhula.
Kuqala, lima i-OPV ecetyiswa kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
Phatha amasimi akho ngononophelo, usebenzise ulimo lolondolozo, ngokusebenzisa isichumiso, umgquba okanye zombini ezo zinto. Tshabalalisa ukhula nezinambuzane ezonakalisa izityalo.
Lima izityalo zakho kumgama we-100 m obona bufutshane ukusuka kwamanye amasimi ombona, okanye lima umbona wakho kwiiveki ezintathu phambi okanye emva kwezityalo ezikufutshane, ukuze amanquma azo avele ngexesha elahlukileyo. Ngale ndlela uya kuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngcoliseko lungeyomfuneko lomvumvuzelo olwenzekayo.
Kufuneka uvune ukususela kwisizikithi sentsimi ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lomvumvuzelo.
Phambi kokuvela kwamanquma, hlola amasimi akho uze ususe naziphi izityalo ezikhangeleka zahluke kakhulu kwezinye (o.kt. ezinde kakhulu okanye ezimfutshane kakhulu okanye ezinesifo).
Ngexesha lokuvuna, khetha ezona zikhwebu zikhangeleka zilungile. Khetha izikhwebu ezifanayo, ezingenasifo ukuze ube nomgangatho onqwenelekayo weenkozo.
Vuna izikhwebu ezingama-300 obona buncinane.
Izikhwebu mazigqunywe, zomiswe zize zigcinwe phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo (kwindawo eyomileyo nekhuselekileyo emnyama).
Qiniseka ukuba imbewu yomile (ubomi bembewu buphinda-phindeka kabini ngokuncipha kwe-1% nganye okungaphantsi kwe-13% yesiqulatho sokufuma). Ukuvavanya kokuba ingaba imbewu yakho inesiqulatho sokufuma esingaphantsi kwemalunga ne-13%, thatha imbewu yeenkozo ezili-100 uyixube netyuwa engange-1 g uze uwugcine loo mxube ebhotileni evaleke ngci. Ukuba emva kwemizuzu emi-5 ityuwa ivakala ifumile, oko kuthetha ukuba izikhwebu kusafuneka zomiswe ngakumbi.
Imbewu ithatha ithuba elide phantsi kweemeko ezibandayo (akuthethwa ezineqabaka). Ubomi bembewu buphinda-phindeka kabini xa ubushushu egcinwe kubo buthotywe nge 5ÂºC.
Ingqokoqwane, umngundo kunye neebhaktiriya ziyabufinyeza ubomi bembewu. Ukunciphisa le ngxaki yigcine yome kangangoko unako imbewu.
Gcina imbewu yakho kwiziphathi ezomileyo, ezicocekileyo nezingangeni moya uze uzifake iileyibhile (kunyaka olandelayo uya kuba ulibele ukuba ibiyintoni elapho).
Uthuthu lufunxa ukufuma phakathi kwesiqulathi luze luthintele ukukhula nokwanda kwengqokoqwane. Yongeza i-0,5 kg yothuthu ngekhilogram nganye yembewu.
Ikalika ingasetyenziswa ngendlela efanayo nothuthu olomileyo. Xuba iitispuni ezili-15 (ama-50 g) nekhilogram nganye yembewu.
Xuba i-oyile yokupheka nembewu yakho ukuthintela ukwanda kwengqokoqwane. Sebenzisa itispuni ye-oyile ngekhilogram nganye yembewu.
Ingqokoqwane izivela ngokukhawuleza izityalo ezinevumba elibukhali. Sebenzisa itshilisi (xuba iitispuni ezintlanu zomgubo wetshilisi nembewu eyikhilogram enye).
Yomisa uze ucumze amagqabi wandule ukuwaxuba neetispuni ezintlanu ngekhilogram nganye yembewu.
Ufikelelo kwinzuzo yemfuza.
Inzuzo kunyango lwembewu nolawulo lomgangatho.
Kuphela xa ithengwe njengembewu eqinisekisiweyo.
Ubukho bomxhasi wembewu olungileyo. onika ufikelelo kwimbewu entsha yemfuza.
Ukuzimela koluntu lwamafama.
Umhlanganiselwa olunge kakhulu unako ukuqhuba kakuhle xa uthelekiswa ne-OPV engalunganga ngaphezu kwama-70%. Nangona kunjalo, i-OPV elungileyo inokuqhuba phantse ngendlela efanayo okanye iwugqithe umhlanganiselwa ongaqhubi kakuhle. Isiphumo sokutyala isizukulwana sesibini sembewu (esivunweyo) asikho kangako malunga ne-OPV kodwa sinobuzaza kumhlanganiselwa (ilahleko inokufikelela kuma-50%). Imihlanganiselwa ye-elite ivelisa iinkozo ezingaphezulu nge-18% kunee-OPV ze-elite. Imbewu ehlaziyiweyo ivelisa iinkozo ezingaphantsi ngama-32% kunembewu entsha yomhlanganiselwa. Imbewu ye-OPV ehlaziyiweyo ikhupha iinkozo ezingaphantsi nge-5% kunembewu esentsha ye-OPV.
Xa kuthengwa imbewu eqinisekisiweyo, iindleko zembewu ziya kuba phezulu kunaxa kuthengwa imbewu ye-OPV esentsha okanye ehlaziyiweyo.
Ukuthenga imbewu yemihlanganiselwa ngonyaka ngamnye, kuba yeyona ndlela inenzuzo eninzi, akuba amanqanaba olawulo eziitoni ezimbini ngehektare nganye okanye ngaphezulu. Ngokuya esanda amanqanaba olawulo, ukuhlaziywa kwembewu kuya ngokuba nenzuzo ephantsi. Iba ncinci kakhulu inzuzo yomlimi xa ukusuka kwimbewu ye-OPV ukuya kwimbewu yemihlanganiselwa, kwenziwa ngaphandle kwesichumiso kwaye kube kungekho nguquko kulawulo. Ukuba umlimi uthenga imbewu yemihlanganiselwa ngexabiso eliphezulu, inqanaba lolawulo lakhe nalo malibe phezulu kwangaloo ndlela.
Abalimi bombona abalima umbona bayakwazi ukuliqikelela ixabiso lombona wabo njengesityalo esingenisa imali. Kodwa, siyazi ukuba ukhuseleko lokutya kwasekhaya, ukunqandwa kwemingcipheko, iindlela ezithandwayo nezithethe zinendima ebalulekileyo kwizigqibo zabalimi malunga nezinto zokutyala ngokunjalo nezenzo zolawulo lwesityalo. Ngokunjalo, ukhuseleko lwembewu lwasekhaya ngumba obalulekileyo onokuqwalaselwa ngokuphathelene nokuhlaziywa kwesityalo njengembewu, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezikude ezingafumani nkonzo yazo kubaxhasi bembewu. Ufikelelo kwimimandla yentengiso yokutya okuziinkozo apho amaxabiso afanelekileyo acingeleka kwangaphambili khona, lufanele ukuqwalaselwa ngokuqaphela xa abalimi abangathathi ntweni besenza isigqibo ngohlobo lwembewu abaza kuyithenga. Mininzi imiba yasentlalweni neyenkcubeko ekhoyo ngokuphathelene nombandela wemihlanganiselwa xa ithelekiswa nee-OPV.
Ii-OPV zisenokuba yindlela exabisekileyo enokukhethwa ngabalimi phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwe-OPV okanye kwembewu ehlaziyiweyo kuya kuba linyathelo elibuyisa umva ngokuphathelene nesivuno sezityalo eziziinkozo. Xa kuthethwa ngokubanzi, umhlanganiselwa uya kukhupha iinkozo ezingaphezulu nge-18% kunenkoliso yee-OPV eziphucukileyo.
Ufikelelo kwinzuzo efunyanwa kuphando ngokuphuculwa kwemfuza kwiintlobo ezintsha.
Ufikelelo efunyanwa kwinzuzo yokunyangwa kwembewu nomgangatho wembewu.
Ubukho bomxhasi wembewu othembekileyo.
Izicwangciso zobuchule zokuziphilisa kwamaqela oluntu olungathathi ntweni.
Uhlalutyo loqoqosho kwiimbuyekezo zotyalo-mali (isivuno).
Ukunyamezela izinambuzane (i-BT).
Ubude bexesha lonyaka.
Ukumelana nemichiza (umbona olungele umjikeleziso).
<fn>PulaImvula. ImprovementsMaize.2009-05.xh.txt</fn>
Umhlaba ongalinywanga unexabiso elinganeno kunalowo uphuhlisiweyo. Yiloo nto kubalulekile ukugcina izakhiwo, izibiyeli neendlela ezikwiifama zakho zikwimeko entle kwaye uzilondoloze.
Izakhiwo ezisemhlabeni mazigcinwe zikwimeko elungileyo ukuze zisetyenziselwe - ukulondoloza, ukuphatha iinkozo zezityalo okanye ukucheba iigusha. Kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ugcine iitrektara zakho nezixhobo zokusebenza phantsi kophahla, njengoko ukusebenzela phandle kunokonakalisa izinto ezininzi.
"Izibiyeli ezilungileyo zisinika abamelwana abalungileyo", kufuneka ukwazi ukugcina imfuyo kwindawo efanele ukuba kuyo. Ukuba ulimile, kubalulekile ukukhusela izityalo emfuyweni. Kumxokomelwano ofanelekileyo wokutyisa impahla, iikampi ezithile kutyiswa kuzo ngamaxesha athile onyaka - oku kukhusela ingca kwaye kunika ixesha kwiintlobo zengca ezimnandi, ukuba ziphinde zikhule.
Iikhonto nemisele yamanzi zibaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteleni ukhukuliseko lomhlaba - ukhukuliseko lubanga ukonakala okusisigxina kwaye luxanduva lommi ngamnye ukukhusela umhlaba ukuze izizukulwana zexesha elizayo zikwazi nazo ukusebenzisa umhlaba ukuze zilondondoloze impilo yazo.
Iindlela zibaluleke kakhulu kumsebenzi wasefama wokurhweba - iimveliso ezifana nezichumiso, kufuneka zize efama kanti imveliso yethu kufuneka ikwazi ukusuka efama iye kwimimandla yentengiso. Ulondolozo lweendlela lubalulekile xa kusingiswa kwezolimo zokurhweba.
<fn>PulaImvula. InputMaize.2009-04.xh.txt</fn>
I-inshorensi yegalelo - ingaba unako ukufaka isityalo sakho kukhuselo lweinshorensi?
Njengoko umsebenzi wokufama usenziwa ngaphandle, mininzi imingcipheko kwaye kwiziganeko ezithile, ixabiso lokutyala isityalo lingaphezu kwexabiso lomhlaba apho siza kutyalwa khona. Kukholisa ukuba abavelisi baboleke imali kwiziko lezemali okanye kwishishini lezolimo ukuze bathwale iindleko zesityalo sabo. Ukuboleka nokubolekisa ngemali kubeka umntu emngciphekweni, njengoko abo babolekisa ngemali bengafuni kulahlekelwa yiyo. Okuqhelekileyo kukuba obolekayo kufuneka anikele ngokhuselo lwemali-mboleko - ngamanye amazwi, umboleki uza kuyibuyisa njani imali ayibolekileyo ukuba isityalo siyasilela ngaso nasiphi isizathu?
Ukuba ungumnini womhlaba oqhuba kuwo umsebenzi wokufama, umbolekisi ukholisa ukufuna ukuba umvumele abhalise isibophelelo phantsi kwesiqinisekiso sobunini bempahla (title deed). Oku kuthetha ukuba xa ungakwazi ukubuyisa imali oyibolekileyo, baza kuyithengisa impahla yakho ukuze bafumane isixa sabo semali obabamba yona. Xa sibhekiselela kubavelisi abasaphuhlayo, oku kubabeka ezingxakini ezininzi - kungaba lusizi ukulahlekelwa ngumhlaba kuba isityalo sakho sisilele. Baninzi abavelisi abasaphuhlayo abangengobanini bomhlaba abalima kuwo - omnye umhlaba uqeshiwe, omnye omninzi udityanelwe. Lo ngumhlaba kaRhulumente olawulwa ngugunyaziwe wohlanga). Akunakufumana isibophelelo 'bond' ngomhlaba odityanelweyo kuba wena njengomvelisi, akunayo i'title deed' yomhlaba. Kwithuba elidlulileyo, abavelisi abenza umsebenzi wokufama emhlabeni odityanelweyo abakwazanga kufumana imali-mboleko, njengoko bebengenakhuselo lwayo. I-inshorensi yegalelo ingena kule ndawo - unako ukubeka isityalo entsimini phantsi kweinshorensi ukuze kubekho 'umsebenzi kaThixo', iqumrhu leinshorensi liya kuhlawula isixa osikwelitayo.
Ngenxa yokunyuka kweendleko zomsebenzi wemveliso kwezolimo kunye nokuncipha kwezakhono zabavelisi zokukhusela imali-mboleko, imfuno yeinshorensi yegalelo eMzantsi Afrika ikhule kakhulu. Imveliso isekwe ubukhulu becala kwithuba elide lomvelisi, isivuno esiqhelekileyo esivelisiweyo (Average produced yield - LAPY) kwicandelo lomsebenzi wokufama opheleleyo kanti ke isixa (ipesenti) ethile iyaqinisekiswa.
Indawo ekuyo impahla.
Iimaphu zefama ezilinganiswe ngeGPS ezibonisa yonke imihlaba ngaminye, iinombolo zemihlaba nemimandla eyahluka-hlukeneyo.
Amalungiselelo okuqesha umhlaba - ingaba ngumhlaba wakho, umhlaba oqeshiweyo, umhlaba odityanelweyo njl.njl.?
Ngubani oza kuboleka umvelisi imali?
Izivuno ezifunyenwe kumaxesha onyaka kumaxesha onyaka emveliso amahlanu adlulileyo.
Uhlalutyo lomhlaba olungekho ludlala kuneminyaka emibini nolubonisa isalathiso somhlaba-ifama.
Iinkcukacha ngemisebenzi yokufama - imisebenzi yokulima ephambili nelandela ephambili, isityalo esifanele ukutyalwa, imihlanganisela, izichumiso, imisebenzi yokutshabalalisa ukhula nezibulali-zityalo njl.njl.
Iinkcukacha zababhambathiswa abaza kwenza umsebenzi.
Imihla yokutyala neyokuhluma - imihla ethile exeliweyo ivunyelwe kwaye makungabikho sityalo sityalwa ngaphandle kwale mihla eziya kuba phantsi kweinshorensi.
Umhlaba uya kukhuselwa njani emaseleni?
Isityalo siya kukhuselwa njani ekonakalisweni yimfuyo?
Umgaqo-nkqubo weendleko zegalelo zommandla weemvula zasehlotyeni usoloko unxulunyaniswa nomgaqo-nkqubo wezichotho onembuyekezo ephantsi kweinshorensi elingana okanye engaphezulu kwithuba elide, isivuno esiqhelekileyo esiveliswa ngumvelisi kwifama leyo. Umvelisi wenza isigqibo ngepesenti (isixa) yomonakalo afuna ukuyithwala malunga nomngcipheko wesichotho ngokuzikhethela isixa semali ye-excess.
Umgaqo-nkqubo weendleko zegalelo kummandla weemvula zasebusika wona uzimele ngokwawo kwaye awunxulunyaniswa nomgaqo-nkqubo wesichotho. Isichotho ngomnye wemingcipheko yegalelo ophantsi kwe-inshorensi, ke ngoko uqwalaselwa neminye imingcipheko yegalelo.
Imingcipheko ekhuselwayo phanti kokhuselo lwegalelo kumhlaba owomileyo ibandakanya okulandelayo: isichotho, umlilo, uthutho, iqabaka, imbalela, imvula egqithisileyo, ukhukuliseko lwamanzi, ikhephu, ingqele, umoya, uqhwithela nezinye iilahleko ezibangwe ziimeko zemozulu ezimbi, izifo zezityalo ezingalawulekiyo, izibulali-zityalo ezizinambuzane kunye nezilwanyana zasendle.
Ukulima kwabavelisi kuya kusoloko kulandelwa ngoqwalaselo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kulandelwa izenzo zomsebenzi wokufama ezifanelekileyo.
Imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula engafakwanga ngamabakala ohlaselo.
I-inshorensi yegalelo iza ngexabiso eliphezulu, kanti xa ixabiso lamagalelo liphezulu, ukuze ixabiso lemveliso lithande ukuba phantsi (njengoko kunjalo ngenkoliso yezityalo kweli bakala), kwaye ukuthatha olu hlobo lweinshorensi kuyimfuneko enkulu, kodwa kungathetha ukuba xa sekuthethiwe kwaza kwenziwa, umlimi akasenamali yaneleyo emva kokuvuna. Usenako ukuboleka imali ukwazi nokuyibuyisa, kodwa uya kuba wenze inzuzo engakanani Ingaba wean njengomvelisi wokutya unalo elinye icebo Hayi ncam - kuya kufuneka ukuba uthathe isibophelelo (bond) sempahla yakho okanye uthathe i-inshorensi yegalelo ukuze ukhusele imali-mboleko yakho. Okanye akusayi kufumana mali-mboleko yemveliso yakho?
Oku akukubanga kwaphela, kuba xa usenza zonke izinto ngendlela efanelekileyo, njengoko lifuna iqumrhu leinshorensi, uya kuba uwenza kakuhle umsebenzi wakho wokufama, ngokusebenzisa iindlela zanamhla zokwenza umsebenzi wemveliso, kwaye amathuba akho okufumana isityalo esilungileyo aphucuka gqitha.
<fn>PulaImvula. Inputs.2008-07.xh.txt</fn>
Igrafu 1: Amaxabiso ezichumiso zehlabathi.
Igrafu 2: Ixabiso lehlabathi leoyile yeBrent-crude kunye neendleko zokuthengiswa kwezixa ezikhulu ze-diesel.
Abavelisi bembewu eziinkozo neyeoyile ngabathathu bamaxabiso. Ngamanye amazwi, abavelisi abanakukwazi ukongeza kuphela iindleko ezandisiweyo zamagalelo kwixabiso lemveliso yabo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukwandiswa okusoloko kuqhuba kwiindleko zamagalelo kubeka esichengeni ukufumaneka kwenzuzo kumsebenzi wokuvelisa imbewu eziinkozo neyeoyile.
Phakathi kukaMeyi 2007 noMeyi 2008, ixabiso leli lizwe lezichumiso lande ngokubaxeka. Unobangela omkhulu woku kwandiswa yimfuno ebangwayo neyandileyo yehlabathi jikelele yezichumiso lo gama amanqanaba emveliso yezichumiso ehleli engajiki. Ukukhula kwemfuno ebangwa ngamazwe afana neTshayina neIndiya ngumbandela omkhulu. ITshayina kananjalo seyifake irhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwizichumiso, nto leyo eyenze mandundu ngakumbi imeko.
Itheyibhile 1: Ukwanda kwamaxabiso ehlabathi eemveliso.
Igrafu 1: Amaxabiso ehlabathi ezichumiso.
Amaxabiso eli lizwe ezichumiso ande afikelela kumanqanaba axhomisa amehlo ukususela ngoMeyi 2007. Ukwandiswa kwamaxabiso kuboniswa ngezantsi kwiTheyibhile 2.
Itheyibhile 2: Amaxabiso aqhelekileyo eli lizwe ezichumiso.
Izichumiso zenza malunga nama-25% eendleko zamagalelo abavelisi bembewu eziinkozo neoyile ngoko ke oku kwandiswa kubanga inkxalabo enzulu kwa-Grain SA. Oku kwandiswa kubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kwinzuzo yemveliso yembewu eziinkozo neyeoyile.
Ixabiso lemichiza kwezolimo lande ngokubaxekileyo kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinambini ezidlulileyo. Imfuno ebangwayo ngemichiza ethile yande ngokukhawuleza kunemveliso yale michiza. Iirhafu zokuthumela impahla ngaphandle ezibekwe yiTshayina, kananjalo nexabiso eliphezulu le-crude oil aneempembelelo eziphezulu phezu kwamaxabiso. Ama-99% azo zonke izithako zemichiza kwezolimo eMzantsi Afrika zithengwa ngaphandle kanti ixabiso elicekethekileyo lerandi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zeemali zamanye amazwe nalo libe neempembelelo phezu kwexabiso.
Iimveliso ezisekwe kwi-glyphosate (ezifana ne-Roundup) zande nge-150% ukuya kuma-240% kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinambini ezidlulileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, iindleko zale michiza zande malunga ngama-45%.
Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-Brent-crude lande ngama-63,2% ukususela ngoEpreli 2007. Ukongeza kule ngxaki, ixabiso lerandi xa kuthelekiswa nelo le-dollar lehle ngo-9,6%.
Iindleko zeli lizwe ze-diesel ethengiswa ngezixa ezikhulu eGauteng zande ngo-63% ukusuka kwiR6,21 per ngelitha enye ngoMeyi 2007 ukuya kwiR10,10 ngelitha enye ngoMeyi 2008 (Igrafu 2). Amaxabiso anyuka qho ngenyanga - oku, xa kudibene namanye amaxabiso anyuka qho aselekhankanyiwe kuwubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu umba wokufumana inzuzo.
Igrafu 2: Ixabiso lehlabathi le-Brent-crude oil kunye neendleko ze-diesel ethengiswa ngezixa ezikhulu.
Inkoliso yezixhobo zokusebenza kwezolimo ezisetyenziswa eMzantsi Afrika ithenga ngaphandle - iimpembelelo zerandi engomelelanga zidlala indima ebalulekileyo apha kumaxabiso ahlala esanda ezixhobo zokusebenza kunye naweetrektara.
Itheyibhile 3: Inguquko kwipesenti yamaxabiso oomatshini kwezolimo ngokusekwa kunyaka omnye ukuya komnye.
Ngubani obange ukwanda kwamaxabiso okutya Ingaba ngabavelisi bembewu eziinkozo neyeoyile?
Ngokwesantya sangoku sokunyuka kweendleko zamagalelo, kuza kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba abavelisi bembewu eziinkozo neoyile bavelise izityalo ezilondolozekayo, ngaphandle kokuba amaxabiso embewu eziinkozo neyeoyile nawo anyuke ngokwesantya esifana neso samagalelo. Xa sithetha ngeendleko ezikhoyo zangoku zamagalelo kunye namaxabiso aqwetywayo embewu eziinkozo neyeoyile, kuza kunyanzeleka ukuba abavelisi balwenze ngokuqaphela okukhulu ucwangciso-lwabiwo mali lwabo. Abavelisi kananjalo mabaqinisekise ukuba bahlawula amaxabiso afanelekileyo ngamagalelo abo - mabajikeleze ezivenkileni bekhangela amaxabiso angawona mahle bangakhe balinge bathathe ixabiso abalinikwe kuqala bengawuvavanyanga ummandla wentengiso. Zidibanise nabakwaGrain SA malunga namaxabiso angawona matsha, nanokuthi asetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokubeka iziseko.
Kuya kufuneka ukuba wenze izibalo ngokuqaphela malunga nokuba sesiphi isityalo ofuna ukusityala - kufuneka ukwazi ukwenza ingeniso, kungenjalo, akusayi kusinda njengomfama. Khumbula ukuba amaxabiso amagalelo asenokunyuka kwakhona lingekafiki ixesha lonyaka elizayo lokutyala.
<fn>PulaImvula. Intro.2007-12.xh.txt</fn>
Ngokufunda le Pula-Imvula, kufuneka unike ingqalelo kwiNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yakwaGrain SA. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, le nkqubo ibifumana inkxaso-mali phantse yakwaMaize Trust kuphela, kwaza ngenxa yoko, sanyanzeleka ukuba sipapashe amanqaku anxulumene neshishini loMbona kuphela.
Kutshanje unokuba uqaphele ukuba sifakele namanqaku aphathelele kwiMbewu yeOyile kwimagazini - oku kwenzeka ngenxa yenkxaso-mali evela kwiTrust yoPhuhliso lweMbewu yeOyile neProtheyini (Oil and Protein Seeds Development Trust.). Ngoku sichwayitiswa kukukwazisa ukuba siphumelele ekufumaneni inkxaso-mali yeTrust yeeSiriyeli zaseBusika (Winter Cereals Trust) kanti ukususela kuhlelo lwalo Disemba, siza kuba nezongezo zekota nganye yonyaka kwiPula-Imvula eziya kuqulatha amanqaku malunga nemveliso yeNgqolowa kwimimandla yemvula yehlobo.
Okwangoku esi songezo siya kusishicilela ngesiNgesi nangeSesotho kuphela ukuze ke ngoko sifakelwe kuludwe lomjikelezo wesiqhelo wePula-Imvula ngokuphathelele neFree State. Kwisicelo esifakwe kwiTrust yeeSiriyeli zaseBusika (Winter Cereals Trust), sicele iqela lemisebenzi eyilwayo ukunceda abavelisi bengqolowa abasaphuhlayo kwiFree State eseMpuma neseSizikithini. Siza kube sityala iimvavanyo zemiboniso emibini - omnye eModderpoort, kufutshane eLadybrand ukwenzela amafama kummandla wasempuma ukuze omnye ubeseGlen, kufutshane eBloemfontein ukwenzela amafama akummandla osesizikithini.
Injongo yezi mvavanyo iya kuba kukubonisa amafama ezona ndlela zifanelekileyo - iindlela ezichanekileyo zokuhlakula ukwenzela olona londolozo lufanelekileyo lokufuma komhlaba kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni, ukukhetha izityalo eziyimihlanganisela, amanani ezityalo, ukuchumisa nokutshabalalisa ukhula nezibulali zezityalo. Kanti kuya kubanjwa iintsuku ezimbini zamafama kwiimvavanyo zemiboniso - kuhle ukuva ngezi zinto, kodwa ukuzibona kukufumana ingqiqo yenene.
Nangona luluninzi uncwadi olunxulumene nokuveliswa kwengqolowa kwimimandla yemvula yasehlotyeni, siza kuhlanganisela incwadi yoqeqesho ngakumbi ukwenzela amafama asaphuhlayo kwinqila. Apho siza kuba sijolise khona kakhulu kuza kuba kukwisenzo sokulondoloza ukufuma - owona mbandela ubalulekileyo kumsebenzi wokuvelisa ingqolowa kummandla weemvula zasehlotyeni. Kwakhona incwadi le yoqeqesho iya kuqulatha izahluko malunga nomhlaba, isityalo esiyingqolowa, iimfuneko zezondlo engqoloweni, iindlela zokutyala eziya kubandakanya ukukhethwa kwemihlangansela ngokunjalo amanani ezityalo nemihla yokutyala, ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula kwisityalo esikhulayo, ukutshatyalaliswa kwezibulali zezityalo, ukutshatyalaliswa kwezifo ngokunjalo nokuvuna, ukuhlela ngokomgangatho nokuthengisa.
Emva kokugqiba isifundo, siya kunika izifundo ezithathu zoqeqesho (mhlawumbi izifundo zokuhlaziya, kwabanye) - esinye sesabaphathi besolulo ukuze ezibini ibe zezamafama. Ezi zifundo ziya kunikwa kwithuba leveki enye - iintsasa ziya kunikelwa kwinxalenye yeengcingane ngezifundo ukuze iimva kwemini zichithwe kwimibandela yoqeqesho lokuziqhelanisa ngokwenza.
Ukuze amafama anikwe inkonzo eyaneleyo, siya kuseka amaqela amane ofundonzulu ajoliswe kumsebenzi wokuvelisa ingqolowa. La maqela ofundonzulu aya kudibana qho ngenyanga, kanti ngethuba leentlanganiso yonke imibandela enonxulumano yaloo nyanga iya kuba zizihloko zengxoxo.
Sinombulelo ongazenzisiyo ngethuba esilinikiweyo lokunika inkonzo kumafama engqolowa eFree State kwaye sijonge phambili apho sinokusebenza kufutshane khona namafama, aboshishino lwezolimo ngokunjalo Iziko eliNcinci leZItyalo eziZiinkozo (Small Grain Centre) eBethlehem.
<fn>PulaImvula. IrrigationMaize.2009-09.xh.txt</fn>
Ukunkcenkcesha - kuthetha ukuthini?
Ihlabathi linamava emeko emandundu yamanzi njengoko amanani abantu eqhuba ngokwanda kodwa sibe isixa samanzi akhoyo ehlabathini singandi sona (sinyiniwe). Imephu ibonisa ubukho bamanzi kwiindawo ezahluka-hlukeneyo zehlabathi.
Baninzi abantu ehlabathini abangenalufikelelo lokhuseleko lokutya nolwamanzi ahlaziyekileyo okusela.
Ukuvelisa izityalo ngamanzi agciniweyo kwimimandla enemvula esezantsi kakhulu okanye engathembekanga.
Ukusebenzisa amanzi agciniweyo avela kwindawo emgama omde ukusuka apho.
Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusilela kwezityalo nokwandisa ukhuseleko lokutya kwesizwe.
Ukwandisa imveliso ngehektare nganye.
Ukuvelisa izityalo ngethuba lamaxesha onyaka anemvula nawomileyo.
Ukuvelisa ngaphezu kwesityalo esinye ngonyaka ngamnye.
Ukusebenzisa ngendlela encomekayo iintlobo zolwandiso-mali yokuqalisa ishishini.
Ukunika inkxaso kummandla wentengiso osoloko usanda.
Ukuvelisa izityalo zodidi oluphucukileyo.
Ukuphuhlisa nokuzinzisa iziphaluka zasemaphandleni.
Ukuvelisa izityalo zobungcali kwimimandla ezomileyo (le mimandla inethamsanqa lemvula ena kwizityalo ngexesha elilindelekileyo).
Imimandla emikhulu yaseMzantsi Afrika iphantsi kweemeko zemozulu yobushushu nokubalela, amanqanaba aphezulu okuqhuma komphunga wamanzi kanti zijika zifumane iimvula eziphantsi nezineziqabu, apho imveliso yezityalo ekwelona banga liphezulu ingenakuba khona ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi awongezelelwayo. Umsebenzi wokuvelisa imveliso yezityalo ngaphandle koncedo lokunkcenkcesha kwaziwa ngokuba sisondlo semvula, okanye ngumsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo kumhlaba owomileyo.
Imozulu enobushushu negqatsa ilanga ubukhulu becala, nangona kunjalo, ilungele ukulinywa kwezityalo kwaye yinto enokwenzeka ukulima iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo ngokubanzi phantsi konkcenkcesho kwimimandla apho kukho khona imihlaba efanelekileyo nobutyebi bamanzi obaneleyo. Malunga nama-44% omhlaba ophantsi konkcenkcesho waphuhliswa ngoshishino lwabucala, ukuze ama-26% abe phantsi kwezicwangciso zikarhulumente kubandakanywa i-4% ephantsi kwezicwangciso zabavelisi bomsebenzi wezixa ezincinci kanti ama-30% aphantsi kwezicwangciso zonkcenkcesho lweebhodi.
<fn>PulaImvula. Jane.2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
UMama uJane uthi...
Yintoni onayo njengomlimi (okanye njengomzi) Ingaba unalo ufikelelo kuwo nawuphi umhlaba, kwimimandla yentengiso, kwiitrektara okanye kwizixhobo zokusebenza KwiNkqubo yethu yoPhuhliso lwamaFama, isiseko sethu sithi Yintoni onayo, iyintoni esinokukuncedisa ngayo ukuze ikusebenzele phucukileyo?
Ukuba unalo ufikelelo emhlabeni, ingaba uwusebenzisa njani ngoku Ingaba umhlaba unako ukusetyenziswa phucukileyo kwaye iyintoni ekuthintelayo ekubeni ungenzi njalo Sikholelwa ekubeni wonke ubani unako ukuncediswa ukuba afumane isivuno esiphucukileyo sezityalo ngokuthi azisebenzise phucukileyo izinto ezisetyenziswayo anokuzifumana?
Ukuba ngumlimi orhwebayo kuthetha ukuvuna ngaphezu kwemfuno yakho neyosapho lwakho. Xa uthengisa imveliso, ufaka igalelo kuzinzo lobukho bokutya kwaye ukufanele ukunikwa inkxaso. Thina njengeGrain SA, siyakulangazelela ukwandisa ubutyebi kuwe.
Ixesha lasehlotyeni libe ngumceli-mngeni omkhulu. Okokuqala, amaxabiso asezantsi ezityalo eziziinkozo athintele ukufikelela kwiimali-mboleko zemveliso. Ngaphezu kwayo yonke imizamo yethu, iSebe lesiZwe lezoLimo lisilele ekuncediseni abalimi bethu. Kwabo bebenako ukulima, ixesha lokulima liqale ngokubalela kwaye iimeko zokulima bezimbi. Emva koko kuqalise iimvula ezingekade ziyeke. Ngoku awulawuleki umceli-mngeni wokhula nowezityalo ezigwantye emanzini.
Noko amaxabiso embewu yezityalo eziziinkozo ne-oyile aphucukile kwaye abo bebelimile bafanele ukuvuzwa ngemizamo yabo. Ixabiso lengqolowa nalo liphucukile kwaye ixesha lonyaka elizayo libukeka lilkulungele kakhulu ukulinywa kwengqolowa (kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo).
Sisebenza nzima malunga nokuphuhlisa ubudlelwane neSebe loPhuhliso lwaMaphandle nokuBuyiselwa koMhlaba. Sinethemba lokunika ingxelo malunga nale nkqubela kwiPula elandelayo. Xa sinako ukukwahlulelana nesebe lethu, singakwazi ukuncedisa inani labalimi elithe chatha.
Sikunqwenelela yonke impumelelo kwinyanga ezayo - akwaba izityalo zakho bezinokuchuma kwaye nawe ube nethemba ngekamva lezolimo eMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>PulaImvula. JourneyMaize.2010-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ubizo lweNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama kukuphuhlisa abalimi abanesakhono, abalondolozekayo, abamnyama abarhwebayo. Le nkqubo yinxalenye yokugqibela yohambo olusingise kumsebenzi wokurhweba ngemveliso.
Zonke iiprojekthi ezahluka-hlukileyo ezenza inxalenye zenkqubo yethu zinegalelo ekuzuzweni kweenjongo zethu - iintlanganiso zamaqela ofundo-nzulu, iimvavanyo zeenkcazo-miboniso, iintsuku zamafama, ulwazi ngabalingane bohlulelwano, ukhutshiswano lonyaka lwamaFama, iNkqubo yamaFama ekwiBanga eseliPhambili, izifundo zoqeqesho, iziganeko zosasazo kwirediyo nePula Imvula.
Ufikelelo kumhlaba omhle nolimekayo ofanele umsebenzi wokuvelisa ukutya okuziinkozo, nethemba lomhlaba owongezelelweyo ukuze akwazi ukufikelela kwiwonga lokurhweba lweetoni ezingama-250 obona buncinci. (Ithuba lokusebenzisa umhlaba malikhuseleke, nangona singazikhathazi ngokuba ingaba umhlaba ngowakho na, ngumhlaba oqeshiweyo okanye ngumhlaba ophantsi kwengqesho edityanelweyo na).
Nanini xa kunokwenzeka, umlimi kufuneka akwazi ukuzisebenzela ngokwakhe angabi yinxalenye yeqela. Ngokwamava ethu, xa abantu besebenza njengeqela, kusuka kubekho ungquzulwano oluninzi olwenza ukuba ibe ncinci kakhulu inkqubela eyenzekayo. Abantu abakwazi ukuzikisa amalinge abo kumsebenzi wemveliso.
Iitrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza ezaneleyo. Ngokwenene asiyonto inokwenzeka ukuba ube ngumlimi orhwebayo ngaphandle kokuba ube nofikelelo kwiitrektara kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza (Kwezinye iziganeko, abalimi kunokufuneka ukuba babe nobhambathiso ngexesha lokulima, okanye lokuvuna njl.njl. kodwa kufuneka akwazi ukwenza ubukhulu bomsebenzi ngokwakhe, okanye azenzele wonke umsebenzi ngokwakhe).
Umlimi kufuneka ukuba abe ebelilungu leqela lofundo-nzulu kwaye abe ebeye kwizifundo ezifanelekileyo zaseGrain SA ezithathu/ezine obona buncinci. Ngokuya kumaqela ofundo-nzulu, abalimi bayakwazi ukufumana ulwazi malunga nemveliso yokutya okuziinkozo. Zonke izifundo zoqeqesho zinegalelo ekuxhotyisweni komlimi ngoko ke kufuneka aye kwizifundo ukuze ancediswe ngokuphumeza izifundo azifunde kwifama eyiyeyakhe.
Umlimi makakuthakazelele ukuthatha icebiso, azinikele emsebenzini wokufama kwaye abe noluvo-mbonakalo ebonisa ukuba nethemba. Xa umlimi engumlimi wokutya okuziinkozo kufuneka ukuzimisela nokuzinikela, kanti siye sifumanise ukuba inkoliso yabalimi bexesha elingaphelelanga bayoyiswa. Uphuhliso lomlimi ukuba abe kwiwonga lokurhweba luthatha ithuba elide ukuze ke ngoko lube lulwandiso-butyebi obubanzi - akufanelekanga ke ukuchitha yonke loo mali emntwini ongazimiselanga ngomsebenzi wokufama.
Ngaphandle kokuba umlimi unemali eyaneleyo eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ukusebenza ngaphandle kwemali-mboleko, umlimi makakufanele ukufumana ityala, ukuze akwazi ukufikelela kwimali-mboleko yemveliso (umthetho omiselweyo omtsha wenza ukuba kuphantse kungabi yonto inokwenzeka ukuba abalimi bafikelele kwiimali-mboleko ukuze ke ngoko bangakwazi kuqhubela phambili).
Kukho ixabiso kumlimi onamanye amashishini afaka ingeniso nawo. Nangona kunjalo, umlimi makazibandakanye ngokwakhe abe sefama. Asisebenzi "ngomnini-mhlaba ongekhoyo".
<fn>PulaImvula. Key.2008-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuthembeka - ukwenza izinto ngendlela elungileyo.
Ukuba nesakhono semveliso asiyonto efana ncam nesiphumo semveliso okanye nemveliso ngokwayo kodwa kubonisa izinto eziphuculweyo kwisakhono sokuguqula amagalelo ukuba abe ziziphumo zemveliso (iziphumo okanye iimveliso). Kusisiphumo segalelo elisingise ekukhuleni kwesiphumo semveliso; kaloku sukuba eminye imibandela seyiqwalaselwe. Kuyimveliso yosungulo engenakubanjwa ngesandla, ukuthembeka, ulawulo, uphando, imozulu kunye nethamsanqa.
Xa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zegalelo ezifana nesichumiso, isiniki-mandla kunye noomatshini kufikelele kwelona qondo liphezulu okanye xa igalelo elingesosixa siphelele kwaphela sazo zonke iziganeko zegalelo lisiya kwindawo enganiki themba kancinci nje, ukuba nemveliso eyandayo kuya kuba yingxam yomthombo wokukhula kwesiphumo semveliso.
Ukukhula kwesakhono sokuba nemveliso kubonisa inguquko kwezobugcisa kunye neendlela zokuphucula isakhono kulawulo oluphucukileyo okanye kwiziganeko zoqoqosho lomlinganiselo olukhokelela ekuveliseni okuthe chatha kwinqanaba elinikiweyo lesiphumo. Ukusebenza ngokwesakhono semveliso kuthetha ukusebenza phucukileyo akuthethi ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba usebenze nzima. Ukukhula kwesakhono sokuba nemveliso kunzima ukukulinganisa. Ukulinganisa ukukhula kwesakhono sokuba nemveliso kufuna ubalo lwazo zonke iziphumo kunye namagalelo kananjalo nokuzama ukulinganisa iziganeko zokuphucuka nezomqukuqelo wenene weenkonzo ezivela kumagalelo.
Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imilinganiselo yonyaka edlulileyo yesakhono semveliso esiphathekayo malunga nemiba eyahluka-hlukileyo yomsebenzi wemveliso kwifama yakho xa uqalisa ngenkqubo yocwangciso yezinto eziphathekayo nezemali kusenzelwa ixesha lonyaka elizayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. KeyPerformanceAreas.2007-11.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni imimandla yemisebenzi engundoqo?
Njengomfama, uxakeke ngezinto ezininzi - zonke ngesizathu.
Uvavanya uze uhlele umhlaba wakho, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze ubone eyona ndlela ibalaseleyo onokuwusebenzsa ngayo umhlaba wakho.
Uthatha iisampulu zomhlaba uzithumele ukuze zihlalutywe, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze ube nako ukufaka isichumiso esichanekileyo kwisityalo sakho ukuze ufumane isivuno esisesona sifanelekileyo.
Umhlaba uyawukrazula okanye uwuhlakule, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze imvula enayo ikwazi ukungenelela emhlabeni.
Uyawukrrwela/uyawulima umhlaba ngethuba lefusi, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze ugcine umhlaba ungenalukhula ukuze kugcineke ukufuma emhlabeni.
Uphanda imimandla yentengiso enokubakho yesityalo onesicwangciso sokusityala, kuba kutheni?
Uqinisekisa ukuba uya kuba nommandla wentengiso sakuba sityaliwe isityalo.
Ungena kubhambathiso lwentengiso kwixabiso elithile, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuba imveliso yesityalo iya kuba nenzuzo.
Ulungisa umandlalo wezithole, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze uqiniseke ukuba xa utyala imbewu iya kuba kubunzulu obuchanekileyo nokudibana okulungileyo nomhlaba ofumileyo ukuze kubekho ukuntshula.
Utyala inani elithile lezityalo ngehektare nganye yomxube ongowona ufanelekileyo, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze ukwazi ukuvuna esona sityalo sibalaseleyo.
Utyala isityalo ngesichumiso esithile ngokwenani elithile le-kg/ha, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze uvune isityalo esisesona sifanelekileyo.
Utshiza intsimi ngesibulali sokhula saphambi kokuhluma, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze uthintele ukhula ekuntshuleni nasekukhuphisaneni nesityalo ngokufuma, ngesichumiso, ngokukhanya nangomoya.
Utshiza intsimi ngesibulali sezinambuzane emva kokutyala (okanye usasaza amahlalutyana), kuba kutheni?
Ukuze uthintele umonakalo owenziwa zizinambuzane kwisityalo sakho esisahlumayo.
Ulima phakathi kwesityalo sakho semiqolo, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze ubulale naluphi ukhula olunokukhuphisana nesityalo sakho.
Ufaka umaleko wangaphezulu kwisityalo sakho, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze unike isityalo ukuchuma okuyimfuneko ngenjongo yokwandisa isivuno sakho kangangoko.
Ukuze sinike isityalo sethu elona thuba linokufumaneka lifanelekileyo lesivuno esihle kangangoko, kuba kutheni?
Ukuze sifumane owona mgangatho ubalaseleyo unokufumaneka wesityalo.
Izinto ezikhankanywe ngasentla zizo zonke izinto ofanele ukukwazi ukuzilawula - unako ukwenza izigqibo wandule ke ukuthabatha inyathelo.
Umbuzo olandelayo ngowokuba ingaba ungazi njani na ukuba zonke ezi zinto uzenze kakuhle na okanye akunjalo Inye kuphela indlela onokuqiniseka ngayo ukuba usebenza kakuhle kukuba uzibekele umgangatho ukuze uthelekise umsebenzi wakho nawo. Xa unokukhangela eminye yemibuzo engasentla, uya kukwazi ukuba nempendulo eya kuba mhlawumbi ngu"ewe" okanye ngu"hayi" - umzekelo, umbuzo ngokuhlelwa nangokuthatyathwa kweesampulu zomhlaba - uya kuba ukwenzile oku okanye akukwenzanga?
Ngomhla othile oqingqiweyo, kwaye ngokobunzulu obuthile.
Ingaba ugcine ukufuma komhlaba okwaneleyo ukuze utyale isityalo nokuze uhlakuleke kakuhle umhlaba xa kusina iimvula ezilindelekileyo?
Sesiphi isivuno esilindelekileyo kwaye ngeliphi ixabiso?
Ingaba ulungiselelo lomandlalo wezithole lwanele, kwaye ingaba oku ukwenze kuselithuba ukuze utyale isityalo ngexesha elilelona lifanelekileyo lokutyala ukwenzela umhlanganisela onesicwangciso sokuwutyala?
Zingaphi izityalo ngehektare nganye obunesicwangciso sokuzityala kwaye ingaba oku uphumelele ukukwenza?
Zingaphi ii-kg/ha obunesicwangciso sokuzityala kwaye ingaba uphumelele koku?
Ingaba usebenzise eyiphi imichiza kwaye ingaba usebenzise isixa esichanekileyo/ngehektare nganye?
Ingaba ulutshabalalisile ukhula?
Ingaba ubunesicwangciso sokufaka ntoni kwaye ufake ntoni ke?
Ufumene isivuno esingakanani/ngehektare, kwaye ubeke ixabiso eliqhelekileyo elingakanani elo ukwazi ukuthengisa isityalo ngalo?
Kukho i-inshorensi yegalelo ekhoyo efumaneka eARS nakwamanye amaqumrhu eyilelwe ukukukhusela kwizenzo zikaThixo - ezi yimbalela, zizikhukula, zizichotho, yiqabaka, ngumoya nomlilo. Nokuba kunjalo, akakho ozimisele ngokufaka wena kwi-inshorensi ngenxa yolawulo lwakho olungalunganga. Kubaluleke kangangoko ke ukuba uhlalutye, wenze isicwangciso uze uphumeze zonke izenzo zolawulo ezibaluleke kakhulu.
<fn>PulaImvula. Knowing.2008-01.xh.txt</fn>
Izityalo zihlelwa ngokwamaqela amabini abanzi - ezinamagqabi abanzi (amaceba amabini) nezinamagqabi amxinwa (iceba elinye). Izityalo zamagqabi amxinwa zinemithambo yamagqabi ephumela emacaleni.
Ukubaluleka kwalo mahluko kungundoqo kakhulu kangangoko kuba ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngemichiza kuxhomekeke kumahluko phakathi kwala maqela mabini angundoqo.
Injongo yeengcambu kukugcina isityalo emhlabeni simi nkqo nokufunxa amanzi nezondlo emhlabeni.
Isityalo esingumbona sinesixokelelwano seengcambu eziphumela ngaphandle kakhulu. Phantsi kweemeko ezifaneleke kakhulu, isityalo esingumbona sinokuba nesixokelelwano eside kangange-1 500 m. Ukuba isixokelelwano seengcambu sinako ukuphuhla ngokufaneleke kakuhle, ingcambu inokoluleka malunga ne-1,5 m emacaleni ukuze ikhule ukufikelela kubunzulu be-2 m.
Xa kuthethwa ngokubanzi, zimbini iintlobo zezixokelelwano zeengcambu - ingcambu eyodwa ngobude (ingcambu enye ende kakhulu, ingcambu eyomelele kakhulu enokuba neengcambu ezimbalwa emacaleni) kanti isixokelelwano soontanganye beengcambu (iingcambu ezininzi ezikhula ziye kuwo onke amacala emhlabeni) Isityalo sombona sinesixokelelwano soontanganye beengcambu (iingcambu ezininzi ezikhula zibhekise kuwo onke amacala emhlabeni). Isityalo esingumbona sinesixokelelwano seengcambu ezininzi kwaye ngaphezu koko, njengoko isityalo sikhula siba side kwaye sifikelela kwibakala lokuvela kweenquma kuye kuvele ezinye iingcambu eziza kubamba isityalo ukuba sime nkqo. Ezi ziingcambu ezityebileyo, ezinemibala nezinembonakalo esabumafutharha kwaye zikhula nangaphezu komhlaba.
Isikhondo sesityalo esingumbona sinobume obunjengesilinda. Kucaca kakuhle ukubonakala kwamahlumela (apho amagqabi aphuma khona) ngokunjalo neendawo eziphakathi kwamahlumela (indawo ephakathi kwamahlumela). Ubude besikhondo buqiikelelwa ngomhlanganiselwa nangokweemeko zokukhula.
Isityalo esingumbona sinokuba neendawo eziphakathi kwamahlumela eziphakathi kwesi-8 nama-21. Iindawo eziphakathi kwamahlumela ezahlukahlukeneyo zisenokuba nobude obushiyashiyanayo. Isikhwebu sesityalo sikholisa ukuphuhla kwihlumela lesi- 8th.
Kwihlumela ngalinye kuphuhla amagqabi amabini. Injongo yamagqabi kukufunxa ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze asebenze njengefektri ukwenza ukutya kwesityalo. Amagqabi esityalo akhula ngokubolekisana kwisikhondo kwaye akhula kwimiqolo emibini ejongeneyo kwisityalo. Igqabi ngokwalo lide, limxinwa kwaye liya ngokuba tsolo encamini. Igqabi lixhaswe ngumqolo ngokobude balo.
Igqabi lesityalo 'liphefumla' 'ngamadlala' amancinci kakhulu akumphezulu wegqabi. Wona abizwa ngokuba zii-stomata. Ii-stomata ezikwicala elingaphantsi legqabi zininzi kunezo zikwicala elingaphezulu. Ii-stomata ziyintsebenzo-matshini evumela ukuba iiseli zikhuphe ukufuma xa kushushu ngokunjalo komile ukuze igqabi lisongeke. Le nkqubo ke yenza ukuba igqabi lisongeleke ngaphakathi ukuze okunye ukulahleka kokufuma kungabi senzeka. Ngamathuba ashushu kakhulu nawomileyo, isityalo siyakwazi ukusongeka amagqabi kwinxalenye yosuku eshushu kakhulu ukuze ngokwenza njalo silondoloze ukufuma. Xa seluhambile usuku xa iqondo lobushushu selihlile, le nkqubo iyanqumama ukuze amagqabi akwazi ukuqhuba ngomsebenzi wawo wesiqhelo. Ukuba iimeko ezishushu nezomileyo ziqhubela phambili kwithuba elide, le nkqubo ayinakunqunyanyiswa ukuze emva koko afe amagqabi - oku ke kuba ngumonakalo osisigxina kwisityalo kwaye kuya kuba nesiphumo esingathandekiyo kwisivuno sezityalo eziziinkozo.
Isityalo esingumbona sineentyatyambo zesiduna nezesikhomokazi - oku kuvumela ukuzisasaza ngomgubo we-pollen. Inxalenye esisikhomokazi yileyo ephuhla ibe sisikhwebu, lo gama intyatyambo eliduna iba yinquma ephezu kwesityalo. Ipete nganye yombona enesakhono sokuphila iqhotyoshelwe kwityhubhu encinci kakhulu (ubulembu). Umgubo we-pollen ophuma kwi-anther (intyatyambo eliduna) uwa phezu kwe-stigma (umphezulu wentyatyambo yesikhomokazi) ukuze ikhule iye ezantsi kwi-style (ubulembu) esiya kwi-ovary (ipete encinci kakhulu elusana lombona). Ukuchunyiswa kwenzeka xa umgubo we-pollen ufika kwi-ovary.
Ukuba iimeko zishushu kwaye zome kakhulu, ngoko ke kuba yinto enokwenzeka ukuba ubulembu bome nto leyo ethintela ukuchunyiswa. Xa kunje, imbewu kwisikhwebu iya kuba ncinci kakhulu okanye ingabikho kwayona. Ubulembu kwisikhwebu bungumamkeli wokuchunyiswa kwiintsuku ezimalunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-14. Kubaluleke kakhulu ubukho bemozulu engagqithisiyo ngesimo ngethuba leli bakala elinovelo olungako.
Inkqubo iphelele yokulima isityalo esingumbona ijoliswe ekuveliseni imbewu. Udidi nobuninzi bembewu bubalulekile ngokubhekiselele kwisakhono senzuzo yomsebenzi wokufama.
Imibandela ephembelela udidi nobuninzi bembewu zizifo, ziimfuneko zezondlo zesityalo, ubukho bokufuma nobushushu kumabanga ahlukahlukileyo kunye nokukhethwa kwezityalo eziyimihlanganisela.
Ukubaluleka kolu lwahlukaniso kukuba kukho imichiza ethile efanele ukufakwa phambi kokuhluma kwesityalo lo gama eminye kufuneka ifakwe emva kokuhluma kwesityalo.
Ithuba eliphambi kokuhluma lichaza ithuba phakathi kokutyala isityalo, inkqubo yokuntshula kodwa phambi kokuhluma emhlabeni.
Oku kuchaza ithuba emva kokuba imbewu intshulile kwaye nesityalo sesihlumile savela ngaphezu komhlaba.
Amabanga okukhula esityalo esingumbona asekwe ngokwamabanga aneenombolo ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-10 amabanga achongekayo.
Umbona utyalwa phakathi kwe-2,5 cm ne-5 cm phantsi komphezulu womhlaba. Phantsi kweemeko ezifudumeleyo nezifumileyo, imbewu ithatha iintsuku ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-10 ukuhluma. Phantsi kweemeko ezipholileyo okanye ezomileyo, imbewu inako ukuthatha ukufikelela kwiiveki ezimbini ukuhluma. Ubushushu obubobona bufanelekileyo bokuhluma buphakathi kwama-20Â°C nama-30Â°C. Isiqulatho sokufuma komhlaba esisesona sifanelekileyo simalunga nama-60% esakhono sentsimi. (Amanzi amaninzi kakhulu okanye amancinci kakhulu aya kudodobalisa uphuhliso).
Elona nani liphezulu lamagqabi namasetyana avela emacaleni lixhomekeke kwimfuza. Kucombuluka igqabi elitsha qho kwiintsuku ezintathu. Kweli thuba, indawo ekhulayo isengaphantsi komhlaba. Ukusunguleka kwenquma kwenzeka kweli banga.
Ngeli thuba ububanzi begqabi banda ngobukhulu obuphindaphindwe kahlanu ukuya kalishumi, lo gama ubunzima besikhondo buphindaphindeka amaxa ama-50 ukuya kwali-100. Ukusunguleka kwesikhwebu kuvela kweli banga. Ziqala ukuphuhla ngeli xesha kwii-tillers kwizihlomelo phantsi komphezulu womhlaba. Indawo yokukhula yi-5cm ukuya kwi-7,5 cm phezu komphezulu womhlaba.
Inquma ekhulayo iphuhla ngokukhawuleza. Amasebe asemacaleni athwele izikhwebu aphuhla ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwisihlomelo sesi-6th ukuya kwesesi-8th phezu komphezulu womhlaba. Inani elinokubakho lamahlumela embewu yesikhwebu sukuba selibonakele.
Isikhondo sikhawuleza soluleke ukuze inquma iphuhle phantse ngokupheleleyo. Ubulembu buyaqalisa ukuphuhla buze bukhule ngobude ukusuka kwisikhondo sesikhwebu esiphezulu.
Onke amagqabi acombuluka ngokupheleleyo kanti inquma sukuba seyibonakala iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Isebe elisecaleni elithwele isikhwebu esingundoqo ngokunjalo namakhasi ngeli xesha seliphantse ukufikelela ekuphuhleni okugqibeleleyo. Ngeli thuba imfuno ebangwayo yezondlo nokufuma iphezulu.
Isikhwebu, isebe elisecaleni namakhasi selephuhle ngokugqibeleleyo.
Inani leenkozo liyaqhuba ngokwanda.
Imbewu iqalisa ngokuba lukhuni.
Xa ukhozo selufikelele kubunzima obome kangangoko, kuphuhla umaleko weeseli ezimnyama kwisikhondo sokhozo. Iinkozo ziphuhla ngokugqibeleleyo kusale kuphela ukuba isiqulatho samanzi sazo sinciphe phambi kokuvuna.
Iinkozo kufuneka zinciphe isiqulatho sokufuma ukuze zifikelele kuphuhliso olugqibeleleyo ngokwendalo. Ukoma kwenzeka malunga ne-5% ngeveki ukufikelela kumgangatho wama-20%, ukuze emva koko icothe inkqubo yokoma.
<fn>PulaImvula. Kobus.2008-01.xh.txt</fn>
UGq Kobus Laubscher utyunjwe njengomphathi jikelele omtsha wakwaGrain SA ukusuka ngomhla woku-1 Janyuwari 2008.
UGq Laubscher, onxulumene kwixesha langoku neYunivesithi yaseFree State, yingcali kwezoqoqosho zolimo kwaye unamava abanzi nokubandakanyeka kwinqanaba lendawo leyo, kwiphondo nakwisizwe, ngokunjalo njengomcebisi wocwangciso lobuchule kumashishini ezolimo, umphandi kunye nomhlohli wezifundo. Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi eyahlukahlukileyo yophando malunga neenguquko kwezemihlaba nokuthengisa ngokocwangciso lobuchule, wayekwalilungu leqela lokuqhuba umsebenzi woMphathiswa oyiNtloko weKoloni eseMantla obenoxanduva lomsebenzi wokuphanda ngokusekwa kwabavelisi abaphuhlayo bomsebenzi wokunkcenkceshela.
Ngokwemo ekubhekiselelwe kuyo yaseMzantsi Afrika, uzibandakanya ngokuzimisela kwishishini lezolimo eNamibia naseBotswana. UGq Laubscher ukwalilungu loMbutho weHlabathi woLawulo loKutya nezoLimo (International Food and Agriculture Management Association - (IAMA). Ukwanawo namava kwisikhundla esikwisigqeba nesingekho kwisigqeba kwicandelo leshishini. Kutshanje utyunjwe ngumphathiswa wezemisebenzi njengosihlalo ongekho kwisigqeba weZiko leSizwe seMveliso eMzantsi Afrika (NPI) kwaye kwesi sikhundla unika inkonzo yokuba ngumtyumbi kwezolimo eziququzelelweyo. Kude kwaba kutshanje ekwalilungu lebhodi leYunivesithi yaseFree State njengommeli okhethiweyo wabaniki-nkxaso.
UGq Laubsher utshate noAnnemarie kwaye uneentombi ezimbini nonyana omnye.
<fn>PulaImvula. KweekgrasMaize.2009-02.xh.txt</fn>
Ingca ehlaselayo (Kweekgras) - ingaba sikhona isisombululo sangoku?
I-Cynodon dactylon ("ingca ekhawulezayo", "ingca ehlaselayo", i-kweekgras) mhlawumbi enemvelaphi yakwiAfrika yetropiki okanye eAsia. Le ngca ikhula ngokubanzi kakhulu eMzantsi Afrika kwaye ingunobangela weelahleko ezininzi kwizityalo zesondlo nakwezo ziziinkozo.
I-Kweekgras yingca eyandlalekayo, ethubelezayo (etyhutyhayo) nesoloko ikhona ethi inwenwe ngezikhondwana nangeengcanjana. Le ngca inako ukusasazwa zizixhobo zokusebenza (ngokuhlakula umhlaba ngoomatshini) nangezilwanyana zasefama. I-kweek ayikhuli ibe nde kakhulu - ikholisa ukungabi nde ngaphezu kwama-40 cm. Intloko yembewu (Isazobe 2) inezikhwebana ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-7 ezinobume beminwe engange-3 ukuya kwi-6 cm ngobude. Imbewu intsundu kakhulu ngebala, igudile, iyakhazimla kwaye imbhoxo, ukusuka kwi 1,1 mm ngobude ne 0,7 mm ngobubanzi. Intshula lula kwaye ikhula okoko.
I-Kweek yingca ekhula ngamandla nekwaziyo ukutshabalalisa ikonkriti kunye netha. Inyaniso yokuba i-kweek ikhula ngamandla angaka yenza ukuba ibe noncedo kakhulu kwiindawo apho ukhukuliseko lomhlaba kufuneka luthintelwe khona. Imihlanganisela eyahluka-hlukileyo ye-kweek iphuhliselwe ukuba isetyenziswe kwimijelo yamanzi (NK 37), iiloni, amabala egalufu kunye namabala emidlalo.
I-kweek inika ukhutshiwano olunzima kwizityalo - phakathi kwazo zonke iintlobo zengca esoloko ikhona, i-kweek yenye yeentlobo ezomelele kakhulu, ngoko ke yeyona inzima ukulawuleka. Njengesiphumo senyaniso yokuba le ngca inwenwa kuyo yonke imbewu, kwiingcambu nakwizikhondwana, ulawulo oluncomekayo lwale ngca lufuna ingqiqo egqibeleleyo ngomjikelo wobomi bayo, ukusetyenziswa kokutya esiqwini sayo kunye nokwanda kwayo ngokuziphinda-phinda.
I-kweek ihlasela amasimi ngokusika iingcambu nembewu, kanti iyakwazi nokusasazwa zizilwanyana nazizixhobo zokusebenza efama. Njengoko kunjalo malunga nezinye iintlobo zengca, imbewu ye-kweek intshulela kufutshane kakhulu kumphezulu womhlaba, ikhawuleza kakhulu ukuba neengcambu ize ikhawuleze nokwenza umandlalo ongagqobhozekiyo. I-kweek ikhuphisana nezinye izityalo ngesithuba, ukukhanya, amanzi nangezondlo zomhlaba, kanti iyakwazi nokuzigcina kwizixhobo zokusebenza ize yenze iilahleko ezixhalabisayo kuqoqosho.
Umbuzo osemilebeni yakhe wonke ubani ngulo: Ingaba sinako na ukulawula i-kweek Ewe, sinako ukuyilawula i-kweek kodwa akukho sisombululo esinokwenzeka ngephanyazo. Ukuyitshabalalisa ngoomatshini akwanelanga. Kaninzi imisebenzi yoomatshini iqhawula izikhondwana ngokwenza njalo ikhuthaze ukukhula kwengca iyinike nesakhono sokunwenwa msinya kwaye ibe namandla ngakumbi?
Ekwindla, (ngoFebhuwari nangoMatshi) ukusetyenziswa kokutya esiqwini sengca kuyaguquka ukuze sithumele izondlo ezantsi ezingcanjini ukuba zisetyenziselwe ukuphila kwayo ngeenyanga ezibandayo zasebusika. Ekwindla lixesha elifaneleke ncam lokutshiza i-kweek. Isixa esifanelekileyo ziilitha ezi-6 "zeGlyphosate" (Roundup) ngehektare nganye zokutshabalalisa i-kweek ngeli xesha. "I -Glyphosate" ithunyelwa ezingcanjini sisityalo ukuze ibulale sonke isityalo. Kwiziganeko ezimbalwa apho kusenokubakho khona ukukhula okuphindayo, izityalo zinokunyangwa ngazinye. Kubalulekile kananjalo ukutshabalalisa ingca esemathangweni naleyo esezindleleni njengoko ezi ndawo zisenokuba ngumthombo wokuhlasela okubuyelelayo.
Enye indlela efanelekileyo yokulutshabalalisa kukwaphula izikhondwana neengcanjana ngexesha lasebusika ngokusebenzisa ukulima ngoomatshini. Emva kokulima kwasebusika, ngethuba lasentlakohlaza elandelayo, zakuba ziphuhle kakuhle izikhondwana neengcanjana, kusenokufakwa iilitha ezi-6 "zeGlyphosate" ngehektare nganye - vumela ithuba lokulinda leeveki ezintathu phambi kokuqhuba ngokulungisa umhlaba ukwenzela ixesha elilandelayo lasehlotyeni.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula lwamagqabi amakhulu kwizityalo zamagqabi amakhulu, nokutshatyalaliswa kokhula olunjengengca kwizityalo ezinjengengca kuseyingxaki kubalimi. Ngoko ke ukutshabalalisa i-kweek emboneni kusenzima. Ukuba oku kunokwenzeka, jikelezisa ukuveliswa kombona nesityalo samagqabi amakhulu (iimbotyi zesoya, amandongomane nokuba ngoojongilanga) ukuze utshabalalise ingca njengokhula ngethuba lokuveliswa kwezityalo zamagqabi amakhulu. Qhagamshelana nomthunywa wemichiza yezolimo ongoyena ukufutshane ukuze ufumane icebiso lendawo leyo. Emva kokuvuna isityalo samagqabi amakhulu ebusika, kusenokuhlakulwa ngenjongo yokonakalisa iingcambu nezikhondwana, ukuze oko kulandeliswe ngokufaka iilitha ezi-6 "zeGlyphosate" ngehektare nganye.
Phinda-phinda inkqubo njengoko ichazwe ngentla. Kulindeleka ukuba emva kweminyaka emibini yolu nyango, i-kweek ilawuleke.
Xa "iGlyphosate" ifakwa, i-kweek mayibe ikhula ngamandla ukuze kubekho indawo eyaneleyo yegqabi eliya kufumana umchiza.
Musa ukufaka "iGlyphosate" xa isityalo sidandathekile (yingqele, imbalela okanye kukurhaxwa) njengoko oku kuya kudodobalisa ukufunxeka komchiza.
Landela imiyalelo ekwileyibhile ngokuqaphela okukhulu.
Qaphela ukuba umchiza unganwenweli kwezinye izityalo.
Khumbula umba wokuba "iGlyphosate" iyaluvela udidi lwamanzi asetyenziselwa ukutshiza.
Ukongezelela i-ammonium sulphate "kwiGlyphosate" kuyacetyiswa phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Khumbula ukuba ukugcina imali kwithuba elifutshane kunokubanga iindleko eziphezulu ethubeni - sebenzisa umthamo ocetyiswayo womchiza xa ufuna ukufumana ulawulo oluncomekayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Land.2008-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ndingawufumana njani umhlaba?
Xa kuthethwa gabalala kunokuthiwa zonke iintlobo zokufama zifuna ufikelelo emhlabeni - kusenokuba ngumhlaba omncinci, ngokwetonela ekuveliswa kulo izityalo eziyimifuno, okanye isenokuba ngumjelo ophangaleleyo womhlaba osetyenziswa ngeenjongo zokutyisa impahla kwimimandla ebharhileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umhlaba uza kusetyenziselwa ukufama, kufuneka kubekho ufikelelo ngokwasemthethweni kumhlaba lowo - oku kulawula ubudlelwana phakathi komnini womhlaba nomsebenzisi womhlaba (kwiziganeko ezithile ke phofu, umnini-mhlaba nomsebenzisi womhlaba basenokuba ngumntu omnye).
Kukho iindlela eziliqela nezahluka-hlukeneyo ekunokukhethwa kuzo ezifumaneka kumsebenzi wokufama kwaye zonke ziza nemiba ethile enika ithemba kunye naleyo miba enganiki themba. Into ebalulekileyo efanele ukukhunjulwa apha kukuba naziphi iintlobo zemvumelwano ezibhekiselele emhlabeni kufuneka zibhalwe phantsi xa zifanele ukuthiwa thaca phambi yenkundla yomthetho - isivumelwano somlomo asinasibophelelo malunga nomhlaba.
Kaninzi, ekuqaleni kobudlelwana balo naluphi uhlobo, amaqela abandakanyekayo angena kwisivumelwano malunga nento ekufuneka yenziwe kwaye ilelo nelo lilindela lukhulu kwelinye. Nangona kunjalo, kuthi ethubeni ubudlelwana suka bube muncu kanti loo mcimbi ungaphelela enkundleni yamatyala. Njengoko kaninzi sukuba ubandakanya umhlaba, kubakho izixa ezikhulu zemali ezibandakanyekayo kwaye kuba yimfuneka ukwenza amalungiselelo abhaliweyo obhambathiso phambi kokuba kwenziwe nawuphi umsebenzi ukuze kukhuselwe omabini amaqela kwiiyantlukwano ezinokuthi ziphuhle.
Isiqwenga ngasinye somhlaba eMzantsi Afrika, naseHlabathini, sinesiqinisekiso sethayitile. Ukuba ungumnini ngokusesikweni somhlaba othile uya kuba nesiqinisekiso sethayitile saloo mhlaba. Isiqinisekiso esi siqulethe inkcazelo malunga naloo mhlaba. Isiqinisekiso somhlaba sisixhobo ngokwasemthethweni esisetyenziselwa ukunika ilungelo. Isiqinisekiso somhlaba saziwa ubukhulu becala njengendlela yoku gqithisela ithayitile yempahla ethile komnye umntu omtsha ukusuka komnye. Olu gqithiso lobunini lwempahla lubhaliswa kwiiofisi zeziqinisekiso kumaziko amakhulu eMzantsi Afrika. Isiqinisekiso sethayitile sisiqinisekiso sobunini bomhlaba.
Kwiziganeko ezininzi, xa ubani efuna ukuboleka imali, amaziko abolekisa ngemali afuna ukhuseleko lwemali-mboleko. Amaziko abolekisa ngemali andisa imali ekhuliswa ngabaxumi bawo ezibhankini kwaye ibhanki ifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali ebolekise ngayo ikhuselekile. Umnini womhlaba (umnini wesiqinisekiso sethayitile) unako ukusebenzisa impahla leyo njengokhuseleko lwemali-mboleko. Isibophelelo setyala lentengo sibhaliswa phantsi kwesiqinisekiso sethayitile. Isibophelelo setyala lentengo siba sesesixa esithile semali exeliweyo.
Ngeenjongo zokunika umzekelo, masiqikelele ukuba umnini wesiqinisekiso sethayitile yomhlaba unqwenela ukuboleka i-R100 000 ebhankini ngokusebenzisa isiqinisekiso sethayitile esithile. Ukuba umntu oboleke imali akayihlawuli ngokwesivumelwano, umnni wesibophelelo setyala lentengo (kwesi siganeko, ibhanki) unako ukunyanzela umnini wesiqinisekiso sethayitile ukuba athengise impahla leyo ukuze umnini wesibophelelo akwazi ukufumana imali yakhe. Xa sisenza umzekelo, ukuba impahla leyo ithengiswa ngama-R200 000, ibhanki yona iya kuthatha imali elityala kuyo. Ukuba umnini wesiqinisekiso sethayitile ebeboleke ama-R50 000 ibhanki ke iya kuthatha kuphela ama-R50 000 nangona isibophelelo setyala isese-R100 000.
Ukuba umntu unqwenela ukusebenzisa umhlaba okanye impahla eyiyeyomnye umntu, ngoko ke la maqela mabini angina kwisivumelwano sengqesho okanye sokurenta. Kubalulekile ukuba umntu ofuna ukusebenzisa umhlaba aqiniseke ngokuba ngubani umnini womhlaba anqwenela ukuwusebenzisa. Isivumelwano sengqesho sisivumelwano esibhaliweyo phakathi kwamaqela amabini kwaye salatha ubucukubhede bempahla, ithuba lokugcinwa kwesivumelwano, isixa semali esihlawulelwa ingqesho, ngokunjalo nesantya sokukhutshwa kweentlawulo.
Umzekelo, ingqesho isenokuba phakathi koMnu X (umqeshisi - okanye umnini womhlaba) noMnu Y (umqeshiswa - umntu onqwenela ukusebenzisa umhlaba); ngefama ebizwa ngokuba yiDawn, kwingingqi yaseTweespruit, obukhulu bungama-400 ha, kwithuba leminyaka emithathu, ngesixa se-R150 ngehektare nganye ngonyaka, ehlawulwa qho phambi kweenyanga ezintandathu. Kuya kubakho kananjalo amanye amagatya ahluka-hlukileyo abandakanywayo kwisivumelwano sengqesho - umzk. izizathu zokurhoxiswa kwengqesho, imvume yokususa imithi - okanye naziphi iimeko ezinokufaneleka malunga neso siqwenga sithile somhlaba.
Umntu oqeshiselwa umhlaba akanako ukuwusebenzisa umhlaba lowo njengesiqinisekiso sokhuselo lwemali-mboleko njengoko oko kunokwenziwa ngumnini wesiqinisekiso sethayitile okanye umnini womhlaba. Enye into eyenza umdla kukwazi ukuba 'ukuqeshiselwa kwandulela intengiso'. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba kukho isivumelwano sengqeshiso malunga nefama esinokuthatha ithuba mhlawumbi leminyaka emithathu aze umnini womhlaba enze isigqibo sokuthengisa umhlaba lowo phambi kokuphela kwexesha laloo ngqeshiso, umnini-mhlaba kufuneka abambe uthetha-thethwano nomqeshiselwa - mhlawumbi ngenjongo yokwenza amalungiselelo ukuze umnini-mhlaba omtsha athathele kuye ingqeshiso okanye umnini-mhlaba avume ukuhlawula umqeshiselwa isixa esithile (ekuvunyelwene ngaso) semali sokurhoxiswa kwengqeshiso.
Kwimo yezolimo, izivumelwano zengqeshiso zikholisa ukuba phakathi kwamafama amabini - lowo ongumnini-mhlaba nalowo ofuna ukusebenzisa umhlaba lowo; okanye phakathi kukamasipala nomlimi (lo ukholisa ukuba ngumhlaba wolwabelwano ongokamasipala); okanye norhulumente - mkhulu umhlaba karhulumente ongowakhe kodwa osetyenziswa ngabantu babucala ngokwesivumelwano sengqesho.
I% - 13% yomhlaba waseMzantsi Afrika iphantsi kolawulo lwesixokelelwano seentlanga - wona usenokuba ziihektare ezizigidi ezili-17. Enyanisweni umhlaba lo ngokarhulumente - ukholisa ukuba ngumhlaba weSebe leMibandela yeZomhlaba, eleZolimo okanye eleMisebenzi kaWonke-wonke kwaye ulawulwa ziziphathamandla zeentlanga.
Nangona abanye abantu besithi akukho zingxelo zibhaliweyo 'zifaneleke ncam' zamalungiselelo engqeshiso kumhlaba odityanelweyo, izixokelelwano neentlobo zokwabelana azazi cacileyo loo maqela abahlali (kanti ke mhlawumbi kufuneka zibhalwe phantsi, mhlawumbi kananjalo kwiofisi yeziqinisekiso njengoko kunjalo malunga neziqinisekiso zeethayitile). Maninzi amanqaku abhalwe ngokofundonzulu malunga nokusetyenziswa komhlaba weentlanga kwaye abantu abaninzi baphawula ngobumbolo-mbini bezixokelelwano kumazwe ayefudula ephantsi komthetho wamakholoniyali - isixokelelwano esinobucukubhede nesineengxelo ezipheleleyo malunga nomhlaba 'ongowabamhlophe' kodwa akukho sixokelelwano sibhaliweyo malunga nomhlaba ophantsi kolawulo lomhlaba odityanelweyo. Ukuba injongo yokufikelela emhlabeni yimveliso kwezolimo ukuze ekugqibeleni kunciphe ubuhlwempu, ngoko ke mhlawumbi eli lixesha lokuba isixokelelwano sokudityanelwa komhlaba sithatyathwe ngengqiqo ezikisa ngakumbi ukucinga ukuze kuphuhliswe neendlela ezilungele imida yamaziko okubolekisa eya kuthi ibe yinyaniso ekhoyo yolu hlobo lwengqesho. Kukwacetyiswa ukwenziwa kophando oluqhutyelwa phambili ngobhaliso lwamalungelo omhlaba odityanelweyo - oku enyanisweni kuhambelana nomxholo wolu phononongo lophando lwethuba langaphambili olujoliswe kwiindlela ezinokubakho zokwenza ukuba umhlaba ophantsi kwengqesho edityanelweyo kwithuba langoku ukuba ube nemveliso ethe chatha kwezolimo.
Kumiselwe umthetho omtsha oyilwayo epalamente yaseMzantsi Afrika ngowe-2003 - Umthetho Oyilwayo Ngamalungelo Omhlaba Odityanelweyo. Ingxam yalo mthetho uyilwayo kukuba wonke umhlaba ongokarhulumente kwithuba langoku nosetyenziswa ngokuwudibanela (phantsi komthetho wesiphathamandla seentlanga) mawugqithiselwe kubahlali abawusebenzisayo - abahlali mababe yimbumba ngokwasemthethweni (kucetyiswa Umbutho Wempahla Edityanelweyo) ukuze ke emva koko bafumane ithayitile yomhlaba lowo. Okunokwenzeka malunga nalo mthetho oyilwayo, kungaba neziphumo ezinendima ebanzi kwisiseko samandla eenkokeli zomthonyama. Kwithuba langoku, ukwabiwa komhlaba odityanelweyo kusezandleni zesiphathamandla seentlanga - nje wakuba uMthetho oMiselweyo uphunyeziwe, abahlali baya kufumana ithayitile yomhlaba ukuze isiphathamandla seentlanga sibe negunya lokwaba umhlaba, gunya elo kwithuba langoku lisisiseko.
Umbandela wokulima umhlaba odityanelweyo uneziphumo ezinendima ebanzi ngokwemigqaliselo yokuphuhlisa urhwebo lwamafama ngezizathu ezahluka-hlukileyo.
Njengoko umfama engenabunini bomhlaba, akakwazi ukusebenzisa umhlaba lowo njengesiqinisekiso sokhuselo seemali-mboleko (kodwa nantsi into engadanisi kwaphela - xa ungakwazanga kuba nesibophelelo sokuhlawula umhlaba, loo mhlaba awukwazi ukuxuthwa kuwe xa ungakwazi kubuyisa imali-mboleko. Esi sixokelelwano sinako ukubambezela inkqubela, kodwa ukuba umlimi uzinikele, unako ukuqhubela phambili ngokuthatha amanyathelo amancinci aya phambili kwaye abe kwimo yemingcipheko ethande ukuba sezantsi).
Isixa somhlaba olimekayo onikwa kusapho ngalunye ngokusebenzisa isixokelelwano se-PTO sikholisa ukungabi sikhulu - sikwahluka kananjalo ukusuka eMpumalanga (apho abalimi bafikelela kumhlaba we-1 hektare ukuya kwiihektare ezi-2) ukuya eNtshona apho abalimi bafikelela kumhlaba omalunga neehektare ezili-15).
Umhlaba ekutyiswa kuwo usetyenziswa ngokuwudibanela nto leyo ethetha ukuba kuba nzima kakhulu ukuphumeza ulawulo lokutyisa impahla njengoko bonke abasebenzisi bomhlaba kuya kufuneka ukuba bavumelane ngesixokelelwano solawulo esinye umzk. zeziphi iindawo ekunokutyiswa impahla kuzo izeziphi ekufuneka ziphumle kwixesha elithile izeziphi ekunokukweliswa iinkunzi neemazi zeenkomo kuzo nokuba zinokususwa nini.
Abantu abangawusebenzisiyo umhlaba abawabelweyo. Kwimimandla ethile, abanye abantu banako ukuthetha-thethana ukuze basebenzise lo mhlaba (ngokunika 'umnini' enye yemveliso ephuma emhlabeni lowo okanye ngokubahlawula 'irenti' ngomhlaba lowo). Nangona kunjalo, kweminye imimandla, ukuba 'umnini' womhlaba uvumela omnye umntu ukuba asebenzise umhlaba; ulahlekelwa lilungelo laloo mhlaba. Oku kuba nesiphumo sokungasetyenziswa kweehektare ezininzi zomhlaba olimekayo njengoko 'abanini' bengafuni ukunzifaka emngciphekweni wokulahlekelwa lufikelelo emhlabeni lowo.
Ukwabelana ngolimo sisixokelelwano sengqesho eqhelekileyo apho umntu omnye enofikelelo ngokwasethethweni kumhlaba othile kodwa angabi nayo imithombo yezixhobo zokuwusebenza loo mhlaba. Kwisivumelwano sokwabelana ngolimo, omnye umntu ukholisa ukufaka umhlaba kubudlelwana bobulingane, lo gama omnye yena enikela ngamagalelo ngokunjalo nangoomatshini kwaye asebenze. Ubucukubhede obuchanekileyo besivumelwano kwahluka ukusuka emntwini othile ukuya komnye - kwezinye iziganeko kusenokwenziwa ulwabelwano lweenzuzo (nangona oku kusenokuba nzima ukubala), okanye isabelo se-10% semveliso - ingxowa enye ngeengxowa ezili-10 ezivelisiweyo (okanye itoni enye ngeetoni ezili-10 ezivelisiweyo). Olu hlobo lwemvumelwano kumaqela omabini lusenokuba neziphumo ezihle kumaxesha amahle onyaka kodwa lube neziphumo ezibi kumaxesha amabi onyaka. Kwelinye icala kwisivumelwano sokuqeshisa, umqeshisi ufumana isixa esifanayo semali kumqeshiselwa nokuba libe njani ixesha lonyaka - nto leyo ethetha ukuba umqeshiselwa usenokufumana amaxesha anzima ngokwasemalini ukuba ixesha lonyaka libe libi kakhulu nto leyo eyenze ukuba ingeniso ibe ncinci kakhulu okanye ingabikho.
Elokuqukumbela, aliqela amalungiselelo anokwenzelwa ukufumana ufikelelo emhlabeni. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza umsebenzi wokufama, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ube nomhlaba - ngena kulungiselelo okwaziyo ukululawula ukuze uqalise ukusebenza - umntu ongasayi kuze abe ngumfama ngulowo ongaqalisiyo nanini!
<fn>PulaImvula. Leaves.2007-12.xh.txt</fn>
Kutheni amagqabi ombona engekho luhlaza?
Kweli xesha lonyaka izityalo zombona kwiindawo ezininzi seziphuhliseke kakuhle kwaye yinto enokwenzeka ukubona iziganeko zonqongophalo lwezondlo.
Eli lithuba elimangalisayo lokuba uhambahambe entsimini yakho ukhangele iingxaki onokuba unazo nezifanele ukuqwalaselwa kwangoku (umzk. ukunqongophala kwe-Nitrogen okunokulungiseka ngomaleko ongaphezulu we-LAN), nezinye izinto ezinokuqwalaselwa kwixesha elizayo lonyaka.
Inkxaso eyaneleyo ye-nitrogen inxulumene nokukhula okukhawulezayo okungaqhubi ngokwezini kananjalo nebala eliluhlaza obunzulu. Unqongophalo lwe-nitrogen luphawuleka ngokuncipha kokukhula kwesityalo nebala eliluhlaza elifipheleyo okanye ibala elityheli. Obu butyheli bukholisa ukuqala encamini yegqabi buhle embindini wegqabi. Ukuba ukunqongophala kunobuzaza, indawo echaphazelekileyo iya kugqibela ngokujika ibe ntsundu ize ife. Njengoko i-nitrogen ihamba-hamba kwisityalo, amagqabi amadala ayibonakalisa kuqala imiqondiso yonqongophalo lwe-nitrogen.
Umbona unokubonisa imiqondiso eliqela efana namabala amhlophe kwiindawo ezintsha ezikhulayo. Unako ngokunjalo ukubonisa imigca ebanzi yokugqola (etyheli) kwicala elinye, okanye kumacala omabini omthambo osembindini. Imiqondiso yeziganeko zokunqongophala kwe-zinc ibonakala njengokugqola nokuba phakathi kwemithambo nobutyheli jikelele kwezona ndawo ziphezulu zamagqabi. Imingcipheko, umthambo ophakathi neencam zamagqabi zihlala ziluhlaza. Xa kuthethwa gabalala izityalo ziyanqaphela.
I-sulphur yinxalenye eyimfuneko kwii-amino acids neeprotheyini ezininzi. Njengoko ezi iziibloko zokwakha kwisityalo, i-sulphur iba sisigxina kwisakhiwo sesityalo. Umqondiso ophuma phambili wonqongophalo libala elifipheleyo lamagqabi asematsha, nangona kunjalo, kumaxa amaninzi onke amagqabi aba nebala elifipheleyo eliluhlaza, kanti umahluko wokufiphala phakathi kwamagqabi amadala namatsha awuqapheleki lula. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphosweni kwengxaki yonqongophalo lwe-N nonqongophalo lwe-S (Imiqondiso yonqongophalo lwe-nitrogen iqala ibonakale kumagqabi amadala). Kwezinye iziganeko imithambo yamagqabi inokukhanya ngebala kuneendawo eziyingqongileyo.
Iziganeko zokunqongophalo lwe-sulphur zenzeka emva kokusetyenziswa kwithuba elide kwezichumiso ezingaqulethanga sulphur ezifana nemixube engenanto nezinye iimveliso eziqulethe imidibaniso ye-phosphorus ephezulu.
Unqongophalo lwe-potassium luphawuleka ngokuncipha kokukhula kwesityalo nokuba tyheli kunye/okanye ukutsha kwemingcipheko yamagqabi. Njengoko i-potassium ihamba-hamba kwisityalo, imiqondiso ibonakala kuqala kumagqabi amadala. Esinye isalathiso sonqongophalo lwe-potassium kukuncipha kwesitroyi okanye isikhondwana nto leyo ebanga iingxaki zokuxinana, ukucutheka kwesakhono sokumelana nezifo kunye nokuncipha kokomelela kwasebusika kwizityalo zonyaka uphelele okanye ezasebusika.
Iziganeko zohlalutyo lwe-potassium, ezifumaneka ngeendlela ezahlukahlukileyo zokucaphula, ziyathelekiseka. Iziganeko zohlalutyo lwe-potassium zomhlaba ongaphezulu kwimihlaba eyisanti azisosalathiso esithembekileyo seziganeko zonqongophalo ngenxa yokukhukuliseka kwe-potassium ethi ingene kumhlaba ongezantsi.
Umbala oluhlaza ofipheleyo okanye oluhlaza-sabublowu.
Umbala onokubakho osabu-purple kwiindawo ezithile zesityalo.
Ukudubula kweentyatyambo okunciphileyo kunye/okanye kokuveliswa kwembewu.
<fn>PulaImvula. Lepati.2008-01.xh.txt</fn>
"Ngobu busuku ndiziva ndiyindoda ezele yimibulelo. Ndibulela uThixo ngothando lomsebenzi wokufama andiphe lona." La ngamawzi kaLepati Macaphasa, kumnyhadala wonyaka ngowe-2007 waBavelisi abasaPhuhlayo beziTyalo eziZiinkozo wakwaGrain SA/Absa; nto leyo ebonisa ukuba uthando lomsebenzi wokufama luyimfuneko ukuze kuzuzeke impumelelo.
ULepati wazalelwa kwifama ekummandla waseFouriesburg kanti okoko waba nothando lokufama ukususela esengumntwana. Emva kweminyaka emithathu yokungena isikolo, uLepati waqalisa ngezifundo zakhe zeminyaka engama-54 kwifama yaseFouriesburg apho akhawuleze waba yinduna.
Ekugqibeleni ulandele intliziyo yakhe wathenga esakhe isiqwengana somhlaba. Naxa engafundanga ukwazile ukujika ifama yaba lishishini lempumelelo kwiminyaka elishumi elinesine. "Ndingomnye wabo bantu bahloniphekileyo kuba benikwe uthando lokuvelisela abanye ukutya. Olu thando olusentliziyweni yam lwafakwa kuyo nguThixo."
"Isiqalo somsebenzi woqeqesho wam saba lula ngenxa yamava endandisele ndinawo," utshilo uLepati, ngoku selenomhlaba oziihektare ezingama-506 aze aphinde aqeshe omnye oziihetare ezingama-200 kumvelisi kummandla waseKestell. Ishishini likaLepati linamacala amabini; zizityalo eziziinkozo kwicala elinye ukuze kwelinye icala ibe sisolulo sedlelo lemfuyo elibonisa impumelelo.
Njengenxalenye yeqela lofundonzulu lwaBavelisi abasaPhuhlayo bakwaGrain SA, uLepati usebenza kufutshane noJohan Kriel, umququzeleli wephondo wenkqubo yaBavelisi abasaPhuhlayo bakwaGrain SA eFree State. "ULepati yindoda enesidima. Uyathandeka kwaye uhlonitshwa nguye wonke umntu omaziyo. Ubaphatha ngobubele abanye abantu kwaye uthanda abazukulwana bakhe ngentliziyo yakhe yonke," utshilo uJohan.
ULepati unomhlaba weehektare ezingama-320 wezityalo kwaye ulandela isixokelelwano sokujikelezisa phakathi kombona, ingqolowa nee-sugar beans. Uhlalutyo lweentwana zomhlaba lwenziwa qho emva kweminyaka emibini ukuqinisekisa ukuba umdibaniso wesichumiso somhlaba ulungelelene ngokuchanekileyo. Ukhula lulawulwa ngemichiza nangoomatshini. Kwixesha lonyaka elidlulileyo uLepati ulime umbona we-GM okokuqala. "Ndiza kuqhuba ngokulima umbona we-GM kwixesha elizayo, ngenxa yohlobo olulula lokulawula izitshabalalisi zezityalo xa kuthelekiswa nenye imbewu," watsho uLepati.
Ngenxa yokukwazi ukuphatha oomatshini kakuhle, iitrektara nezixhobo zikaLepati zonke zikwisimo esincomekayo kakhulu. Ngowe-1974, xa uLepati wayeqalisa umsebenzi wokufama, umvelisi orhwebayo wamnika iFord 5000. Le trektara isekwisimo sokusebenza esincomeka ngokubalaseleyo nangoku, akukho nakuvuza kungako kweoyile. Lithe ngokuya likhula ishishini likaLepati, wafakela iMassey 188, iFord 66, iFord 7610 kunye neNew Holland 6640 emandleni akhe okusebenza. Ezi trektara zihlolwa isimo sazo rhoqo kanti ukugcinwa kwamaphepha eengxelo okufanelekileyo kuyinxalenye yenkqubo.
Oonyana bakaLepati's ababini banenxaxheba nabo kwishishini, baqhuba iitrektara. Kukho abasebenzi ababini abasisigxina efama kodwa, xa kukho imfuneko kuqeshwa abasebenzi bethutyana.
Akukho shishini lokufama lingenamiceli-mngeni yalo kanti malunga noLepati; kukho unqongophalo lombane olubanga ubunzima. Ufake isicelo kwaEskom sokuba afumane umbane kwifama yakhe, nto leyo eya kunceda ukuba aphathe iitrektara zakhe nezixhobo zokusebenza phucukileyo nangaphezulu.
Imfuyo kaLepati ziinkomo neegusha. Iinkomo zakhe ubukhulu becala yimihlanganisela yeBonsmara kanti iinkomo zakhe zimalunga nama-85 ukuze iigusha zibe malunga nekhulu. NgokukaLepati, ishishini lakhe lemfuyo linegalelo kwikota yengeniso yakhe iphelele - uthengisa amathole alunyulweyo eKwindla xa seliza kuphela eli xesha lonyaka kubathengisi kwiintengiso zendawo yakhe zefandesi, Amathole akhe ngawodidi oluphezulu kwaye selephumelele naselugqatsweni lamathole abalaseleyo eqela elilunyulweyo. Ugqatso lwalubanjwe kwenye yeefandesi zendawo leyo kanti uLepati ude wangenela ugqatso nabavelisi borhwebo. Iihektare ezingama-386 zentsimi yakhe zisetyenziswa njengamadlelo ayindalo.
IPhuthaditjhaba yindawo yomsebenzi kaLepati ekhethiweyo apho ahlala khona nenkosikazi yakhe, uNooi, noonyana bakhe ababini. Malunga nemali esesandleni ayizuze elugqatsweni kumnyhadala wonyaka we-2007 waBavelisi abasaPhuhlayo beziTyalo eziZiinkozo wakwaGrain SA/Absa, uthethe okulandelayo kuJohan Kriel: "Uyazi Johan, ngoku ndinako ukuthenga imbewu ethe chatha ukuze ndilime kwesinye iqwenga somhlaba wam." Lawo ngamazwi anokuthethwa ngumvelisi wenene kuphela!
<fn>PulaImvula. Livestock(maize).2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
Caption 1: Esi sazobe sibonisa iinxalenye zomjelo wenkomo wokucola ukutya.
Caption 3: Ifoto yodonga lolusu oluvalelekileyo.
Caption 4: Udonga lwesisu sesibini.
Caption 5: Umfanekiso wamalungu asongeneyo odonga lwesisu sesithathu.
Njengoko sonke sisazi, umsebenzi wokufama lishishini kanti ukuze liphile kufuneka lifake ingeniso. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, buye ngokwanda ubunzima bokufaka ingeniso ngemveliso yombona.
Iindleko zamagalelo ziya ngokwanda kanti ixabiso lezityalo eziziinkozo alandi ngeso santya. Abalimi banamhla bazama ngazo zonke iindlela ukwandisa isakhono sengeniso yomsebenzi wokulima umbona. Zikhona iindlela eziliqela zokukuzuza oku kwaye enye yeendlela kukubandakanya umba wokufuya.
Uninzi lwabalimi lufuye iinkomo, iigusha kunye/okanye iibhokhwe. Aba balimi bayakwazi ukufikelela emhlabeni ekunokutyiswa kuwo impahla kwaye ukholisa ukwanela kwixesha lasehlotyeni, kodwa kaninzi, akubikho malungiselelo awaneleyo okondla imfuyo ngeenyanga zasebusika. Ukuba uziva unomnqweno okanye unengcinga yokuba ngumlimi ofuyileyo, enyanisweni kufuneka ucinge ngokuba ngumlimi ovelisa ukutya kwempahla (ifula); kaloku imfuyo unokuyigcina kuphela xa unako ukutya kokuyondla.
Ukuze wande umdla wokufuya, kuyimfuneko ukuyiqonda inkqubo ekucoleka ngayo ukutya kwizilwanyana ezetyisayo. Ngokufutshane, zimbini iinkqubo zokucolwa kokutya kwizilwanyana zasekhaya, ezinesisu esinye, umzekelo, ihagu, ihashe (nabantu) ukuze kwelinye icala, ibe zezo zetyisayo umzekelo, iinkomo, iigusha, iibhokhwe (nezinye ezitya ingca). Isilwanyana esetyisayo sinezisu ezine, iseso kuzo sinomsebenzi ongaqhelekanga.
Ngosuku lwesiqhelo lwenkomo, iiyure ezisibhozo zichithwa ngokutya (itya isintlakantlakiso), zize ezinye iiyure ezisibhozo zibe zezokulala ukuze ezinye iiyure ezisibhozo zichithwe ngokuhlafuna umetyiso. Emva kokutya ingca, inkomo isela amanzi ize izole ukuze iqalise ngenkqubo yokucolwa ukutya. Izixa zengca ezityiwa xa kutyiswa zikhulu ukuze inkomo yetyise enye yengca iyihlafune okwesibini zide izixa ezo zengca zibe ziziqwengana ezincinci ukuze ngolo hlobo zixubane kakuhle namathe (wona ayimfuneko ekucoleni ukutya). Oku kwaphulwa kokutya ngokuhlafuna kwenza kube lula ukuba izidalwanana ezincinanana zitye koku kutya. (oku kukwingxoxo eza mva kweli nqaku).
Masiyiqale le ngxoxo ngokukhangela umjelo wokucola ukutya kwisilwanyana esetyisayo.
Umlomo usisiqalo senkqubo iphelele njengoko ukutya kufanele ukungena ngaphakathi. Umlomo uqulethe uphahla lwamazinyo (inkalakahla), amazinyo (wona aphuhla emva kokuzalwa), ulwimi namadlala amathe. Kulula ukufumanisa ubudala besilwanyana esetyisayo ngokujonga amazinyo njengoko amazinyo athile evela kubudala obuthile.
Ummizo ungumbhobho odibanisa umlomo nesisu sokuqala (esibizwa ngokuba lulusu).
Ulusu okanye isisu sokuqala, lusebenza njengefatyi enkulu yokubilisa. Akukho mongo-moya okanye (i-oksijini) eluswini yiloo nto lusaziwa njengolungenamoya. Ulusu lunokutya nesintlaka-ntlakiso (isiqulatho esisabungca) esityiwa yinkomo kanti isakhono sokuqulatha ziilitha ezingama-50 ezili-100 ukuya kwezili-120. Ngosuku ngalunye, inkomo eseyikhulile ifuna ukutya malunga neekhilogram ezilishumi zokutya okomileyo kunye neelitha ezingama-50 zamanzi. Iziqulatho zolusu zisoloko zinentshukumo.
Eluswini kukho izidalwanana (ezincinanana kakhulu) eziqhekeza isintlaka-ntlakiso ukuze inkomo ikwazi ukusicola. Ngaphandle kwezi bhaktiriya (iintsholongwane) nezidalwa zeseli enye zolusu inkomo ayinakukwazi ukucola nakuphi ukutya. Iintsholongwane zolusu zicola izintlaka-ntlakiso ukuze zenze ii-asidi zamafutha ezinako ukutsha, nokwenza iiprotheyini neevithamini.
Izidalwanana ezincinanana eziseluswini zisebenza kwiintlobo ezingqale kakhulu zesintlakantlakiso; kukho izidalwanana ezahluka-hlukileyo ngezidlo ezahluka-hlukileyo. Yiloo nto kuyimfuneko ukugcina izidlo zenkomo zifana kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze iinguquko zenziwe kancinci, kancinci. Xa kuguqulwa izidlo, kuye kufuneke ukuba kubekho ezinye izidalwanana ezahlukileyo eziza kukwazi ukusebenza ekutyeni okutsha, oku kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezintathu.
Iretityulamu yaziwa njengesisu sesibini. Sona senza indlela ephakathi kwesisu sokuqala nesesithathu (kwisisu sesithathu kulapho ukufunxwa kwamanzi kwenzeka khona). Isisu sesibini sikwasebenza njengomgibe wazo naziphi izinto ezingacolekanga ekunokwenzeka ukuba ziye zaginywa yinkomo, umzekelo iziqwentshana zocingo, okanye ilitye njl.njl.
I-omasamu sisisu sesithathu kwaye senziwe ngezicwili ezininzi ezisongeneyo. Umsebenzi waso ophambili kukufunxa amanzi.
I-abhomasamu sisisu sesine kwaye sesokugqibela apho ukutya okuhlafuniweyo nokwetyisiweyo kusetyenzwa zii-enzayimi ezikujika kube nako ukufunxeka ethunjini elincinci.
Ukufunxwa kokutya kwenzeka ethunjini elincinci. Ekugqibeleni ukutya kungena kumjelo wegazi lenkomo ukuze kusiwe kumalungu ngamalungu enkomo apho kuphinda kuqhubeke khona ukusetyenzwa kwako.
Xa uqwalasela ingxoxo engenabugoci-goci engasentla, uqala ubone indlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukondla imfuyo yakho ngendlela efanelekileyo. Isizathu sokugcina imfuyo mhlawumbi kukuthengisa iimveliso zayo (ezifana nobisi, uboya okanye uboya bebhokhwe), okanye kukuthengisa inzalo (amankonyana, amatakane egusha namatakane ebhokhwe), okanye kukusebenzisa inyama. Ukuba izilwanyana zondliwa kakuhle kwaye ziyakhathalelwa, ziya kukwazi ukukunika imveliso ukuze ngolo hlobo zibe negalelo kwisakhono sokwandisa ingeniso kwishishini lakho lokufama.
<fn>PulaImvula. Machinery(maize).2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
Ngethuba lokuxakeka lasehlotyeni, kusoloko kungxanyelwe ukugqiba umsebenzi ngexesha elifumanekayo. Oko kubonakele ngakumbi kwixesha lasehlotyeni elidlulileyo kuba iimvula zifike emva kwethuba ngoko ke ithuba elifumanekayo belixabiseke ngaphezu kwalo naliphi ixesha langaphambili.
Okuqhelekileyo kukuba ngeli xesha lodandatheko, ulondolozo nokucocwa kweetrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza kuba sezantsi kuludwe lwezinto ezifanele ukwenziwa. Ngoku xa kudlule ukuxakeka, zinike ixesha lokuqwalasela izixhobo zakho zokusebenza.
Coca umhlaba, inkunkuma negrisi eqokelelanayo kwizixhobo zokusebenza uze uphinde upeyinte amabalana akhuhlekileyo okanye adlekileyo. Oku kuthintela ukuba irusi ingonakalisi izixhobo zokusebenza kwaye yandise ubomi bazo.
Umatshini wonke wuthambise ngamafutha / yenza ngohlobo oyalelwe ngalo kwincwadana yomsebenzisi.
Ukuze uzigcine kakuhle, thobela phantsi naziphi iindawo.
Khusela amazantsi neentsimbi zekhuba ekuruseni ngokusebenzisa irusi enobunzima okanye ngepeyinti yokuthintela ukurusa yamazantsi ekhuba.
Dwelisa naziphi iindawo okanye ukukhandwa okufunekayo. Zithenge uze uzifakele phambi kwexesha elilandelayo.
Gcina izixhobo zokusebenza ngaphakathi, xa oko kunokwenzeka, ukuze amathayara angasindwa.
Beka iibhodi ngaphantsi kwamazantsi ukuthintela ukukhuhleka emhlabeni nokurusa.
Susa iisilinda zoxinzelelo lwamanzi okanye urhoxise iisilinda ngokupheleleyo ukuze ukhusele iintsimbi zeesilinda ekuruseni.
Ulondolozo olwenziwa rhoqo nangendlela efanelekileyo lwesixhobo sokutyala izityalo ngokwemiqolo kunokwenza umahluko phakathi kwesityalo esinika inzuzo nesinika iilahleko eziphezulu. Ukukhetha, ukufaka, ukugquma nokomeleza imbewu yeyona misebenzi ibaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini wokuvelisa izityalo. Ukuba isixhobo sokutyala asisebenzi kakuhle ngenxa yokungahoyeki kwaso, kungalindelwa izivuno eziphantsi.
Khupha ezibhokisini isichumiso, izibulali-lukhula nezitshabalalisi-zinambuzane uze ucoce iibhokisi ezo, ngokunjalo namazantsi ezihlwayeli-mbewu ukuthintela ukurusa nokudleka.
Qwalasela iindawo ezidlekileyo okanye ezaphukileyo uze ufake eziphilileyo endaweni yazo phambi kwexesha elilandelayo lokutyala.
Qaba izivuli zemiqolo, izigqubuthelo zeemela nezeediski kunye nazo naziphi iindawo ezipolishiweyo nge-oyile okanye ngegrisi ukuthintela ukurusa.
Thambisa zonke iibheringi.
Valela izixhobo zokuphawula ngokungathi zisendleleni uze ugcine isixhobo sokutyala kwisakhiwo. Amavili esixhobo sokutyala mawangabi semhlabeni okanye emgangathweni.
<fn>PulaImvula. Maintenance.2007-12.xh.txt</fn>
Kwenzeke ntoni ngolondolozo?
Ezi foto zezikhukukazi ezifukame kwimigqomo yezixhobo zokutyala namaqanda akwibhokisi yezixhobo zetrektara zitsale umdla wethu kumbuzo wolondolozo loomatshini. Oku kwetha kolondolozo asiyonto yenzeka ngemini enye - kodwa sisiphumo seenyanga neminyaka yokungalukhathaleli ulondolozo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo yinxalenye eyingxam yorhwebo kwezolimo - ngaphandle kwako umda wethu wokusebenza uphelela kwisixa somsebenzi onokwenziwa ngumntu omnye ngemini. Ulondolozo loomatshini kufuneka lube yindlela esiphila ngayo - kufuneka uqwalaselo oluncinci yonke imihla xa kunjalo akusayi kubakho zingxaki.
Ukwaphuka kukholisa ukwenzeka qho xa itrektara okanye isixhobo sisebenza - kanti eli likholisa ukuba lelona xesha ofuna ngalo umatshini. Ukuba ke kodwa, unika ingqalelo kulondolozo lokuthintela, unokugcina imali eninzi kunye nexesha.
Ukubeka phantsi izixhobo kwixesha lonyaka elixakekileyo kunokuthetha ukuqhawuka kwezikeyi kumfama.
Le yiPula-Imvula kaDisemba eyinyanga efana neenyanga uninzi lwamafama asebenza nzima kakhulu ngazo emasimini abo - betyala isityalo sokugqibela sombona, behlakula amasimi ukuze batshabalalise ukhula, betshiza impehla egqobhoza isikhondo kananjalo bevuna ingqolowa yabo.
Ulondolozo lwemihla ngemihla lwetrektara lubaluleke ngaphezu kokuba uninzi lwabasebenzisi lukholelwa.
Isicoci somoya sisenokuvalwa kukungcola, ukuze oko kubange ukusebenziseka okwandileyo kwesibaseli nokwetha kwamandla.
Isicoci somoya sisenokuba nemigqobho sivumele ukungcola kungene kwinjini, ukuze ukonakala kukhawuleze kwenzeke.
Inqanaba leoyile yesingxobo somphambo wokujija lisenokuhla kakhulu, oko kubange ukonakala okukhulu kwenjini ngenxa yokunqongophala kokuoyileka okwaneleyo.
Ioyile kwisingxobo somphambo wokujija isenokuba mdaka, oko kubange ukonakala okukhulu kwiinxalenye ezingaphakathi zenjini.
Isixokelelwano sokupholisa sisenokulahlekelwa sisipholisi sayo, ngenxa yoko injini ibe shushu kakhulu, nto leyo enokonakalisa ngokuxhalabisayo iibheringi, iintsimbi ezihla zinyuka, kunye neevalvu.
Isitya sentlenge yesibaseli sisenokuvalwa kukungcola nerusi ukuze oko kubange ukubaleka kwenjini okungalingenanga, kanti inokude ime.
Iinxalenye ezingaqinanga okanye iinxalenye ezingafakekanga kakuhle zinokusilela, ziwe okanye zonakale, oko kwenze ukuba itrektara ingabi nalukhuseleko xa isetyenziswa.
Qwalasela kwaye uhlaziye isicoci somoya.
Qwalasela inqanaba leoyile kwisingxobo somphambo wokujija.
Qwalasela inqanaba lolwelo kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa.
Thambisa izifakelelo zeoyile ngamafutha.
Qwalasela isitya sentlenge yesibaseli.
Oku kunokubonakala kungumsebenzi omkhulu, kodwa ukuba unokulandela esi siqhelo sincinci itrektara yakho iya kuqhuba ngokukusebenzela kwaye uya kukwazi ukuvuna isityalo ekupheleni kwexesha lonyaka.
Ekupheleni kwexesha lonyaka lehlobo, izixhobo ezininzi ziyekwa kude kube lixesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
Shenxisa yonke inkunkuma, umhlaba ocukeneyo neoyile emdaka kumatshini.
Peyinta ngokutsha onke amabala akhuthukileyo okanye aqhekekayo.
Faka umaleko wepeyinti kwiindawo ezidibana nomhlaba okanye thambisa ioyile ukuthintela irusi.
Gcina izixhobo ngaphakathi (xa kunokwenzeka oko) ukuthintela ukuchachamba.
Phakamisa isixhobo uze usixhase ukuze ususe ubunzima baso emavilini. Khusela amavili elangeni ukuba umatshini uphandle (isingxobo esiqhelekileyo singakwenza oko).
Ukuba isixhobo sisebenza ngoxinzelelo lolwelo, faka isitshixo sokhuseleko uze uphungule uxinzelelo kwiisilinda zolwelo okanye mthobele phantsi umatshini. Zirhoxise iisilinda ngokupheleleyo ukukhusela iintsimbi zesilinda ekuruseni.
Khupha okuphakathi kwaye ucoce iibhokisi zesichumiso, izibulali zokhula nezibulali zezinambuzane, ngokunjalo namazantsi ekutaka kuwo imbewu ukukhusela ukurusa nokutyabuka.
Qwalasela iinxalenye ezaphukileyo okanye eziqhekekileyo uze ufake ezinye endaweni yazo phambi kwexesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
Thambisa izivuli zemisele, imela okanye izigqumathelo ze-disk nazo naziphi iindawo ezipolishwa ngeoyile okanye amafutha ukuthintela ukurusa.
Thambisa zonke iibheringi.
Tshixela iziphawuli kwisimo sesithuthi uze ulondoloze isixhobo sokutyala kwisakhiwo.
Xhasa isixhobo sokutyala ngamavili ukuze sisuke emhlabeni okanye emgangathweni.
<fn>PulaImvula. MaintenanceMaize.2008-12.xh.txt</fn>
Ulondolozo olufanelekileyo neendlela zokugcina aziphumezi amalungiselelo onyaka olandelayo aphambi kwexesha lonyaka kuphela, kodwa zomeleza ukusebenza kwesitshizi lo gama zisongezelela iminyaka kubomi baso kumsebenzi wemveliso.
Ukuba sesichengeni ixesha elide kwemichiza emininzi etshabalalisa izinambuzane negqitha kwisitshizi kunako ukukhuthula nokuthoba umgangatho weenxalenye zesitshizi, ipeyinti nemidibaniso yombane. Intsalela evela kwezi mveliso isenokuba yingozi nakubani osebenzela phezu kukamatshini lowo okanye kufutshane nawo. Kwakhona, izixa eziyimizila zemichiza yokutshabalalisa izinambuzane ezithe nca kwiinxalenye zesitshizi zinako ukonakalisa izityalo xa zide zagqithela kwixesha lokutshiza elilandelayo lonyaka.
Ukhuselo lobuqu bakho nolosapho lwakho, abaqeshwa nezityalo zakho kwenza kubaluleke ukuba usicoce kwaye usihlambulule kakuhle isitshizi sakho ngexesha lonyaka, phakathi kwezityalo naphambi kokusigcina kwakho xa ulungiselela ubusika. Khumbula ukuba inkoliso yemichiza esetyenziswa kwezolimo iyingozi kwizityalo kunye/okanye kwizilwanyana ngoko ke kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo zonke iingozi ezibandakanyekayo kwaye imeko ilawulwe kakuhle kangangoko kunokwenziwa.
Inkqubo egqibeleleyo yokulondoloza nokugcina inamanyathelo amahlanu.
Phambi kokuba uqalise ngokucoca isitshizi sakho, qiniseka ukuba uyiphengulule ileyibhile yemichiza etshabalalisa izinambuzane oyifakileyo.
Kukuzobela Izixhobo Zokhuseleko Lobuqu (Personal Protective Equipment - PPE) kufuneka usicoce ngokhuseleko isitshizi sakho.
Injongo yokuhlambulula kukususa naziphi iindawo zemveliso eziqokoleyo okanye ezinkulu ezisenokuba zisephakathi okanye phezu kwesitshizi. Ukucoca izixhobo zokusebenzisa isitshizi kubandakanya ukujikelezisa amanzi kwisixokelelwano siphelele ukuze emva koko afakwe kwisiza esidweliswe kwileyibhile yesitshabalalisi sezinambuzane osisebenzisileyo (ngamanye amazwi, ukutshiza umxube wemichiza engxengwe ngamanzi, ngoku selebizwa ngokuba sisihlambululi, kwindawo ekhuselekileyo).
Ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ucoca itanki ngokunjalo imibhobho nemilomo, galela amanzi acocekileyo athi gabhu etankini wandule ukuqhuba itrektara kumgama omfutshane kwenye yeendlela zasefama - ukuxhuma-xhuma endleleni kuya kutsibisa amanzi ukuze oko kuqinisekise ukutshiza kwawo kuyo yonke indawo engaphakathi etankini. Amaxa aliqela okuhlambulula ngokwezixa ezincinci (ukufikelela kwi-10% yesakhono setanki yesitshizi) abhetele kunokuzalisa itanki yesitshizi kanye kuphela ngamanzi acocekileyo. Kucetyiswa ukuyiphinda-phinda inkqubo yokuhlambulula amaxa amathathu obona buncinane.
Khetha indawo apho amanzi okuhlambulula angenakungcolisa khona izixhaso zamanzi, imisele, izityalo okanye naluphi uhlaza nalapho amadanyana athande ukuba makhulu angenakuqokelela imichiza, ukuze ngokwenza njalo adalele abantu, izilwanyana imo engqongileyo ingozi. Unako ukuwatshiza eziphelweni zentsimi okanye endleleni ecanda efama.
Qiniseka ukuba uyawakhupha amanzi etankini yesitshizi ngendlela efana naleyo ekwileyibhile yomchiza osisitshabalalisi sesinambuzane. Musa ukusuka uvule ivalvu kuba umchiza ungachitheka emhlabeni. Yongezelela iincam zomlomo wesixa esikhulu ukwenzela indlela efanelekileyo ngokwasemthethweni yokuchitha isihlambululi sesitshizi. Umphandle wesitshizi nawo mawuhlanjwe. Kwakhona, xa kuhlanjwa isitshizi, musa ukudala amadanyana amanzi amileyo anokuthi afikeleleke ebantwaneni, kwizinambuzane ezibulala izityalo, kwimfuyo okanye kwizilo zasendle.
Ukuze uchithe isihlambululi somchiza otshabalalisa izinambuzane ngokwezikhokelo zeleyibhile, faka isihlambululi kwindawo apho iimveliso kufuneka ziqale zasetyenziswa khona kuqala (kwakhona, ekupheleni kwentsimi apho umchiza utshizwe khona kukholisa ukuba yindawo efanelekileyo). Yiphinda-phinde inkqubo yokukhupha isihlambululi emva kokukhupha ukungcola nokuphinda uhlambulule isitshizi. Qiniseka ukuba kananjalo ukhupha nawaphi amanzi acocekileyo okuhlambulula iitanki phambi kokusigcina ukuthintela umonakalo owenziwa kukukhenkca kwamanzi ngaphakathi.
Emva kokuhlambulula kokugqibela unako ukuhlola isitshizi sakho ukuze usikhande okanye usilungalungise xa kuyimfuneko oko. Naxa sesicociwe isitshizi, yiba soloko unxiba izixhobo zokhuselo lobuqu. Kaloku kusenokuba khona intsalela eseleyo phezu kwesitshizi naphakathi kwaso.
Isakhiwo se-boom, ukuchonga nawaphi amathanda ekufuneka elungisiwe.
Ngoku njengoko isitshizi sesicocwe ngocoselelo, usenokufuna ukususa iindawo ezithile zaso ezinokonakala ngexesha lokusigcina.
Susa izitreyina (izihluzi) uzihlambe ngesandla ngamanzi anesepha (khumbula ukunxiba iiglavu ezikwaziyo ukumelana nemichiza), zihlambulule uze uzigcine okanye uzibuyisele kwisitshizi sazo.
Qwalasela imilomo ngohlobo olulodwa, iziqu zemilomo uze uqwalasele iivalvu. Intsalela yemichiza inako ukupakishana kwezi ndawo ize yome ngexesha lasebusika, meko leyo ewuthoba kakhulu umgangatho wokusebenza kwaso kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
Susa iincam zemilomo, izikrini, qwalasela iivalvu, iziciko kunye neziqu zemilomo kwindawo ezihlanganiselwa kuzo esiqwini. Faka iindawo zokuhlanganisela ngokuchanekileyo kwiiplagi.
Coca uze uhlambulule iincam zemilomo, iziqu zemilomo uze uqwalasele neevalvu. Zigcine kwisiphathi esiphawulweyo. Gcina iivalvu zoqwalaselo kwindawo yobushushu begumbi kwithuba lasebusika ukuthintela ukonakala okunokubangwa ngamaqondo akubushushu bomkhenkce.
Susa zonke iigeyiji zoxinzelelo uze ufake iziciko kwimingxuma ekwisitshizi. Gcina iigeyiji apho zingasayi kuba sesichengeni sokukhenkca okanye sokonakala.
Ekugqibeleni, jikelezisa isinqandi-kukhenkca kwisitshizi nakuzo zonke iindawo zamanzi, kubandakanywa ii-boom, iivalvu, imibhobho enemilomo emininzi, ii-metre zomqukuqelo kunye nemijelo ephixanayo/ebuyisayo. Vumela isinqandi-kukhenkca ukujikeleza kwimibhobho ye-boom. Oku kuya kwenza iimaleko kumphakathi wombhobho ukuthintela ukoma nokucandeka. Ukufaka iziciko kuyo yonke imilomo ye-boom kuya kunceda ukugcina isichasi-kukhenkca kwisixokelelwano, kodwa kusenokufuneka ukuba uvule umlomo omnye okanye emibini ukuvumela isinqandi-kukhenkca ukuba sijikeleze kuyo yonke i-boom. Faka iziciko kuloo milomo xa isinqandi-kukhenkca sesizalise sonke isixokelelwano.
Injongo yebakala lokugcina kukuba isinqandi-kukhenkca masityhalele ngaphandle amanzi ayintsalela anokuba kwisixokelelwano nokwaleka zonke iinxalenye zesitshizi. Vumela isinqandi-kukhenkca ukuhlala empompeni nakwiivalvu ukuthintela ukurusa nokonakala okunokubangwa ngumoya ofumileyo obambeke kwisixokelelwano. Njengoko ezinye izixhobo ziyisusa impompo phambi kokugcinwa kwayo, ukufakwa kweevalvu zokunqanda ukugqitha kuwo omabini amacala empompo kunokuyiphumeza le nkqubo.
Isinqandi-kukhenkca sezithuthi zokuzihlaziya (RV's) sikholisa ukusetyenziselwa ukugcina izitshizi zezolimo. Ngokuchasene nezinqandi-kukhenkca ezizihambela ngokuzenzekela, asinatyhefu ingako ezilwanyaneni. Nangona iimveliso ezininzi zesinqandi-kukhenkca se-RV zijiya okwejeli phantsi kweemeko ezibanda kakhulu, zona akulindelekanga ukuba zikhenkce. Naxa kunjalo, yiba soloko uyifunda ileyibhile yesinqandi-kukhenkca ukuqinisekisa ukuba siya kukwazi ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko zakho zasebusika.
Ngoku njengoko isitshizi sicociwe, sasuswa ukungcoliseka saza salungiselelwa ubusika, sikulungele ukugcinwa. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukugcinwa ngaphakathi kwamasango, kude nokuxhatshazwa kwezixhobo kuko okucetyiswayo. Kodwa nayiphi indawo yangaphakathi kwamasango oyikhethayo mayibe kude kulwelo nakwizichumiso ezomileyo. Uthuli kunye nentsalela evela kwezi mveliso inokukhuthula ipeyinti nesakhiwo esikwisitshizi.
Ukuba akunamnqweno wokusebenzisa indlela yokugcina yesinqandi-kukhenkca, yinto elungileyo ukususa impompo yesitshizi usigcine eshedini de kube lixesha elilandelayo lonyaka. Kaninzi, amanzi asala empompeni ukuze ngethuba leenyanga zasebusika ezibandayo; amanzi asempompeni abe ngumkhenkce aze enze amathanda empompeni - ziyenze ibe yinto engenakusetyenziswa.
<fn>PulaImvula. MaintenanceOpot.2008-10.xh.txt</fn>
Ukunikwa kwenkonzo kwisixhobo sokutyala isityalo ngokwemiqolo kunokwenza umahluko phakathi kwesityalo esinika inzuzo kunye neelahleko eziphezulu. Ukukhetha, ukubeka, ukugquma kunye nokomeleza imbewu yeyona misebenzi ibalulekileyo kwimveliso yesityalo. Ukuba isixhobo sokutyala asisebenzi kakuhle ngenxa yokunganikwa nkonzo, ngoko ke isiphumo esinokubakho sinokunika izivuno ezinganeno kwezo bezilindelekile.
Isixhobo sokutyala isityalo ngokwemiqolo sisixhobo esingafuni mpazamo kwaye njengawo nawuphi umatshini ololo hlobo, sifuna ukhathalelo olukhulu. Makhe siqwalasele okubandakanyekayo.
Coca isixhobo sokutyala ngocoselelo.
Qwalasela ukuba ingaba akukho zithintelo na kwiinxalenye zesixhobo sokutyala ezinokunqanda intsebenzo-matshini ukuba ingasebenzi kakuhle.
Hlola intsebenzo-matshini yokuchola-chola ukukhangela iindawo ezonakalayo okanye ezaphukileyo; khanda okanye ususe ezinye ezonakeleyo ngokufaka ezinye endaweni yazo.
Qwalasela isivutheli okanye ifeni kwizixhobo zokutyala ezisebenzisa umoya; uze uqwalasele imitywino, ngakumbi ngakwi-diski okanye umgqomo.
Hlola imizantsi yezitsibisi zembewu zohlobo lwepleyiti.
Tshintsha iindawo ezibonisa ukonakala ngokufaka ezinye endaweni yazo, ezifana nentsimbi esisinqandi-mazinyo, intsimbi egeqayo, izipringi kunye nepleyiti enabe amazantsi yesitsibisi, ngokunjalo neenxalenye ezaphukileyo okanye ezonakeleyo.
Qwalasela zonke iibholiti ukuba ziqinile na; kananjalo qwalasela imidibaniso yemibhobho kunye neegaskethi kwisiqhoboshelo sesichumisi esilulwelo.
Ukuba iziqhoboshelo zesichumiso esomileyo, izibulali-lukhula kunye nezitshabalalisi-zinambuzane bezithanjiswe ngeoyile xa isixhobo sokutyala besigcinwa, ngoku zisule zome.
Ngexesha lonyaka lokutyala, tsalela isixhobo sokutyala ngaphakathi ubusuku bonke okanye sigqume ukuthintela ukuqokelelana kokufuma kwizitsibisi zokulondoloza izinto ezisetyenziswayo.
Thambisa isixhobo sokutyala isityalo ngokwemiqolo ngamathuba okuphumla acetyiswa kwincwadi yoqeqesho lomsebenzisi.
Sebenzisa uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwesithambisi.
Ukunqanda ukuhlala kokungcola kwiibheringi, yiba soloko usula izifakelo phambi kokuzithambisa.
Khupha konke kwaye ucoce iibhokisi zesichumiso, izibulali-lukhula kunye nezitshabalalisi zezinambuzane, ngokunjalo namazantsi ezitsibisi zembewu ukuthintela ukurusa nokukhuthuka.
Qwalasela iinxalenye ezonakeleyo uze ufake ezinye endaweni yazo phambi kwexesha lonyaka lokutyala elilandelayo.
Faka umaleko kwizivuli-misele, izigqumathelo zeemela okanye iidiski, kunye nazo naziphi iindawo ezipolishwe' ngeoyile okanye ngegrisi ukuthintela ukurusa.
Thambisa zonke iibheringi.
Bophelela iziphawuli kwimo yothutho, uze ulondoloze isixhobo sokutyala kwisakhiwo. Thintela ukushenxa kwesixhobo sokutyala, amavili ajonge phezulu asuke emhlabeni okanye emgangathweni.
QAPHELA: Musa ukulondoloza isixhobo sokutyala kuxinzelelo lwamanzi kwisilinda ekude. Ukuphungula uxinzelelo lwamanzi, cima i-injini yetrektara uze ushenxisele izixhathiso zamanzi emva naphambili amaxa aliqela. Ngoku yahlukanisa imigca yamanzi uze ususe isilinda yamanzi ukuba unqwenela oko.
Iincwadi zoqeqesho lomsebenzisi wesixhobo sokutyala nowetrektara zibandakanya amacebiso angqalileyo okhuseleko. Apha sikhankanya izimvo ezimbalwa jikelele.
Yiba soloko usithobela ezantsi emhlabeni isixhobo sokutyala xa singasebenzi. Nanini xa kusenzeka, yenza inkonzo nezilungiso kwisixhobo sokutyala emhlabeni.
ukuthintela isixhobo sokutyala ukuba singawi.
Vumela umntu omnye kuphela, umsebenzisi, kwitrektara xa itrektara nesixhobo sokutyala zisebenza.
Ukucoca, ukuthambisa, okanye ukulungalungisa umatshini ohambayo kusenokukwenzakalisa. Kanti ukuhamba okanye ukuma phezu kwendledlana emxinwa xa sihamba isixhobo sokutyala kusenokumwisa umntu.
Phatha imichiza yezolimo ngegiyeri efanelekileyo yokhuselo. Ukukhetha okanye ukusebenzisa ngendlela engafanelekanga kunokwenzakalisa abantu izilwanyana, izityalo, imihlaba okanye ezinye izinto. Landela imiyalelo yomenzi wemichiza.
<fn>PulaImvula. MaizeFarmer.2008-09.xh.txt</fn>
Byline: Lihlanganiselwe nguA.P.N. du Toit (ARC-Grain Crops Institute), S.J. Terrblanche (University of Pretoria) and J.
Iintloko ezimbini zibhetele kunentloko enye.
Emaqeleni, amafama afunda izimvo ezintsha.
Amafama ayakwazi ukufunda omnye komnye.
Amaqela anika amandla okufumana amaxabiso athotyiweyo.
Lifikile ixesha lokuphuhlisa amafama eMzantsi Afrika ukuze kunciphe uxhomekeko lwawo kumaziko esithethe karhulumente nokuze abe nolawulo phezu kwekamva elilelawo.
Isitshixo sokufikelela ekuzixhobiseni ngamandla sikwintshukumo ephakathi kwamafama endawo ethile. Umceli-mngeni kumafama kukusebenza ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukusekwa kwamaqela amafama akwaziyo ukuzimela kangangokuba ubunini beshishini bube sezandleni zamalungu ngokupheleleyo. Amaqela amafama anika isakhiwo esifanelekileyo sequmrhu (isithuthi) sokusebenzisana kunye ukusuka kwinguquko ekwinqanaba lomsebenzi wokufama ukuya kwisixokelelwano sezolimo gabalala.
Kucacile ke ngoko ukuba intshukumo yamafama ekhokelela emaqeleni ancomekayo yinkqubo ethatha ixesha. Injongo yezi zikhokelo kukukhuthaza nokukhokela iinkokeli kwezolimo ekuzuzeni owona msebenzi ubalaseleyo wamaqela phakathi kwamafama.
Ngawantoni amaqela amafama endawo ethile?
Amafama anako ukufunda omnye komnye. Ngale ndlela, afumana ulwazi olutsha, amava kunye neentlobo zobuchule.
Phakathi kweqela, amafama ngamanye anako ukwenza isigqibo esiphucukileyo. Njengoko ulwazi lusoloko lugaleleka phakathi kweqela, amathuba okwenza iimpazamo anokucutheka. "Iintloko ezimbini zibhetele kunentloko enye."
Emaqeleni, amafama afunda ukucinga ngendlela entsha nokuhlola iingqiqo ezintsha. Amalungu eqela akhuthazwa ukuba ajonge ezinye iindlela ankuzisebenzisa malunga nokuthile.
Amaqela anika iindlela zonxulumano neenkozo ezifana nophando, isolulo, inkxaso yegalelo nentengiso. Abaniki beenkonzo banomnqweno wokusebenzisa ithuba lokuthetha-thethana neqela elisebenza phucukileyo kakhulu nokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa ngezixa ezikhulu.
Amaqela ayanceda ekwandiseni umsebenzi wokuvelisa kwinqanaba lefama. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokudibana kolwazi, iintlobo zobuchule namava phakathi kwamalungu eqela.
Amaqela enza ukuba amafama omeleze amandla awo okufumana amaxabiso athotyiweyo. Amafama akwicandelo lophuhliso afuna ilizwi elomeleleyo. Iqela lofundo-nzulu elinesakhono lingumlomo wamalungu alo ngokwalo.
Ziintoni iimpawu zeqela lofundo-nzulu elinesakhono?
Linobunkokeli obomeleleyo - "Iinkokeli ziyakhonza azikhonzwa".
Alonganyelwa yinkokeli yalo okanye nangubani olilungu lalo.
Linombono ocacileyo, izinto ekujoliswe kuzo, iinjongo nesicwangciso samanyathelo esijoliswe kokuthile kunye nonxunguphalo lokuphunyezwa kwenjongo.
Amalungu akwinqanaba elinye lenkqubela kwezolimo kwaye anezinto ezifanayo ezingumdla neemfuno. Ngokuya lifana iqela ukusebenzisana kunye kwalo kuya ngokwanda phakathi kwamalungu.
Amalungu kufuneka abe nengqiqo ehluzekileyo yomsebenzi neenjongo zawo (indima efanele ukudlalwa) phakathi kweqela lofundo-nzulu.
Libe nesakhono kunye nemithombo yemali layo. Ubukhulu becala, iimali zinikelwa kwaye zilawulwa ngamalungu ngokwawo.
Amalungu azithwalela uxanduva lwesiphumo sesicwangciso samanyathelo; ayazinikela kufundo-nzulu kanti akwafumana ukwaneliseka ngenxaxheba yawo kwimisetyenzana yeqela.
Onke amalungu anomdla wokufunda kwaye amalungu anothakazelelo lokwabelana ngolwazi nangamava alo.
Lithembele kulo ngezicwangciso nangolawulo lwemibandela yalo kwaye liba nako ukufumanisa iindlela ezinesakhono ezizezalo zokuzuza iinkonzo.
Lifanele ukukwazi ukugobeka malunga nokukhethwa kweenkqubo kunye neendlela zokwenza izinto lijonge kwimpumezo yeenjongo neempumezo ekujoliswe kuzo.
Lisebenzise izakhono neentlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zobuchule bamalungu eqela ngamanye ngendlela encomekayo.
Imozulu evulekileyo yonxibelelwano. Amalungu mawazive ekhululekile ukubalula iindlela aziva ngazo ngomsebenzi nangendlela ekusetyenzwa ngayo liqela.
Malisoloko lizivavanya ngokwalo. Ngamaxesha athile iqela lizinika isiqabu ukuze livavanye ukuba ingaba lisebenza kakuhle kangakanani nokuthi ingaba isakhono salo singaphuculwa njani.
Malinamathele kakuhle kumanqanaba aphezulu asebenza kakuhle kwezolimo. Amaqela alolo hlobo aba nabameli abakhetheke kakuhle.
Liyijonge macala onke indlela elisebenza ngayo kwaye likwazi ukumelana neengxaki zalo kunye neziphene ngokunjalo. Ukuze liphucule isakhono salo malikwazi ukwenza naziphi iinguquko eziyimfuneko.
Amaqela anika amalungu awo izinto eziyinkuthazo. Nangona ingulowo nalowo enoxanduva lokunika inkonzo kwiqela, amalungu azi ngokucacileyo ukuba aya kuba nento ayizuzayo ngokuba yinxalenye yeqela.
Amaqela mawasekwe ngokwemo ewangqongileyo nangokusebenzisana nezakhiwo zoluntu nezasentlalweni. Ukuba kukho imfuneko unxulumano nesiphathamandla sohlanga lubaluleke ngakumbi. Kufuneka imfuno yokubunjwa kweqela lamafama yamkeleke kwisiphathamandla sohlanga neminye imibutho kwinqanaba lendawo elikuyo iqela.
Amafama ngokwawo mawakhethe amalungu eqela.
Amaqela anokuqala phantsi kwesimo esingacwangciselwanga aze ahlume abe kwisimo esicwangciselweyo ngokwesantya salo. (Jonga Indlela ethi "Qala ngokusebenza uze ucwangcise mva.") Le ndlela iyacetyiswa, njengoko ikwazi ukuguquguqulwa kwaye ivumela amafama ukukhula nenkqubo yokusekwa kweqela.
Amaqela akhoyo anako ukulunga-lungiswa ngokutsha okanye anikwe impilo entsha. Nangona kunjalo, amaqela ami ndawonye mawathintelwe kangangoko kunokwenziwa.
Kwiziganeko apho abantu bengekacwangciselwa ukuba babe liqela, abalungiseleli okanye abakhuthazi bamaqela baya kufuneka ukuze basungule kwaye baphumeze inkqubo yokubumbeka kweqela.
Kwiziganeko apho abalungiseleli/abaphumezi bengengomalungu oluntu ngokwalo, ukuzidibanisa nabantu abangabahlali, abanewonga lengqiqo kuyimfuneko njengabadlali bendima abaphambili abanokudibaniselana nabahlali abangamafama.
Kufuneka ukuthembeka kwabalungiseleli neenkokeli njengezithako ezibalulekileyo zokubumbeka okuyimpumelelo kweqela.
Iimfuno neengxaki zeqela elithile lamafama mazaziwe njengoko oko kubonwa njengesandulela sesicwangciso sexesha elizayo nokumiselwa kweenjongo.
Le ndlela inceda amafama ukuba aqalise ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha. Iqela elincinci elingacwangciselwanga liqalisa ngokujolisa kwingxaki ethile lize lisebenze kunye ukuyisombulula. Amalungu eqela azinikela ngakumbi kwimpumezo yeenjongo zeqela. Emva koko, umoya weqela uyomelela aze amalungu eqela asondelelane kunye ngendlela eyindalo. Ngolu hlobo ukubumbeka kwamaqela kunokuthelekiswa nezidalwa eziphilayo, ezikhulela ngaphakathi.
Amaqela aphuhla ngokuzenzekela ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okuvela ngaphandle.
Idala umoya wobunkokeli bemvisiswano kwinkqubo yokukhetha ngokwendalo.
Iinjongo zeqela zingamandla aliqhubela phambili ingeyiyo iminqweno yeenkokeli zamaqela okanye imibutho yangaphandle.
Ukubunjwa kweqela lofundo-nzulu elinesakhono kuya kuba sisiphumo samafama anenkuthazo phakathi kwabahlali abanemfuno enye yokusebenza kunye bejolise kwimfezeko yeemfuno zalo nezisombululo zeengxaki zalo. Akukho qela lamafama linokunyanzelwa ukuba libe khona, oko akunakwenziwa nangaphakathi, kungenakwenziwa nangubani ongaphandle. Inkqubo yokubunjwa kweqela ngokuqinisekileyo iya kwahluka ngokwemeko nganye ethile.
Yakuba ivelile imfuno yokubunjwa kweqela lofundo-nzulu phakathi kwamafama kubahlali, iinkokeli zinako ukuqalisa ngokubiza intlanganiso esisandulela endaweni engeyo yomnye wabo. Le ntlanganiso iya kuba nabantu abambalwa abasentloko, abanothakazelelo ngoluvo lweqela lofundo-nzulu, oluya kuphucula ishishini lefama lalo. Injongo yale ntlanganiso kukwenza uvavanyo olucoselelayo (ukufumanisa ingxaki) lwemeko yomsebenzi wokufama yethuba langoku. Ngaxeshanye, eli ikwalithuba lokufumanisa imfuno yokuseka iqela nokuxoxa ngocoselelo ngeenjongo nezinto ezilindeleke kumalungu anokufumaneka. Amalungu anokufumaneka afuna ukwazi ngeenzuzo aya kuzivuna. Ithuba lesandulela seqela liya kunika indlela ebalaseleyo yokuzilungiselela kwamalungu nokuziqhelanisa nabanye. Le ntlanganiso ivumela amafama ithuba lokuqiniseka ukuba ingaba bayafuna ukuzinikela na kwilinge elilolo hlobo. Kwelo bakala kuya kuba yimfuneko kananjalo ukwandlala izikhokelo ezibanzi malunga neenjongo zeqela.
Inyathelo elilandelayo liya kuba kukumisela umhla wokusekwa kweqela. Kucetyiswa ukuba abalungiseleli bayiphathe intlanganiso njengentlanganiso engenazicwangciso zingqongqo. Ngethuba lentlanganiso amalungu eqela aye entlanganisweni mawenze isigqibo sokuba ingaba elo seyilixesha elifanelekileyo lokubumba iqela elicwangcisiweyo na. Ukuba imigaqo-siseko ibonakala ifanelekile, zingaqhubela phambili iinkokeli ngokunika isakhiwo kwiqela.
Abalungiseleli/abaphumezi baziphatha njengeenkokeli zokuqala zeqela kwisikhundla sethutyana. Amafama, achongwe njengamalungu anokufumaneka, amenyelwa kule ntlanganiso.
Inkqubo yokukhethwa kweenkokeli nokucaciswa kwethuba lokubamba isikhundla. Ingaba iqela lifuna usihlalo onjani Umququzeleli okanye umphumezi makangalikhokeli ngokwakhe iqela -iqela malizithathele uxanduva lwalo msebenzi ngokwalo?
Xoxani ngendlela efanelekileyo, phindani niwabeke ngenye indlela amagama, amabinzana amagama wabekeni ngokutsha nize niphengulule iinjongo zethuba elide zeqela. Amalungu mawacacise iingqiqo zawo zeenjongo kuze kususwe nayiphi imposiso esengqiqweni.
Amalungu mawakwazi ukumisela iinjongo zawo aze azilandelise ngokokubaluleka kwazo kwiinyanga ezilandelayo ezintandathu okanye kwithuba lonyaka. Chaza imisetyanzana nemithwalo eyayame kwimisebenzi eyahluka-hlukeneyo efunekayo ukuze kuphunyezwe iinjongo. Faka imisetyenzana neenjongo ngokwezintlu nangokulandelelanisa kweqela.
Makuthathwe isigqibo malunga nenkqubo ngexesha, ubuninzi bamaxa nendawo apho baya kudibana khona ukuze kujongwe zonke iimfuno zamalungu.
Njengoko esi siganeko sinokubonwa njengokuzalwa kweli qela, kufuneka kuchithwe ixesha elaneleyo ukuqinisekisa iinkokeli ezomeleleyo nokucaciswa nokuchazwa ngokufanelekileyo kweezinto ekujoliswe kuzo neenjongo.
Inkqubo yokubunjwa kweqela ifuna ukuqhutywa kwintlanganiso elandeliswayo emva kwentlanganiso esisiseko.
Ukuqukumbela izinto ekujoliswe kuzo neenjongo.
Ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso samanyathelo nesicwangciso somhla nexesha kwithuba lexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ukuhlanganisela umthetho-siseko ngokwandlala phantsi imithetho okanye imigqaliselo engqalileyo yeqela malunga nokuba lilungu, imirhumo yamalungu, ubukho bamalungu ezintlanganisweni, uqeqesho lweqela nababelana neqela ngewonga.
Ikomiti ekholisa ukukhethwa yenamalungu amahlanu angala, usihlalo, usekela-sihlalo, unobhala namalungu ongezelelweyo amabini. Amanye amaqela akhetha ukunyula usekela-nobhala kunye nonondyebo ukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa okufanelekileyo kweemali. La malungu mabini olawulo lweqela asenokukhethwa endaweni yokuba namalungu amabini ongezelelweyo, okanye abe sisongezo. Kucetyiswa ukuba isini samalungu akhethiweyo simele amalungu ngokwenani lamadoda nabafazi abaseqeleni. Indlela elungileyo kukuba namadoda amabini kunye nabafazi ababini ekomitini ukuze ilungu lesihlanu lekomiti libe yindoda okanye ngumfazi. Ikomiti imele amalungu kuyo yonke into eliyenzayo. Ikomiti mayiphendule malunga nokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha kweqela, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kwimfezeko yokuphumelela kweenjongo zeqela.
Xa kuthethwa gabalala, kunokuthiwa amaqela amancinanana anesakhono esithe chatha. Ubukhulu beqela obufanelekileyo buxhomekeke kwinto elijolise kuyo iqela okanye kumxholo weqela, kwiimeko zangaphakathi ezifana zodwa neziguqu-guqukayo nesakhono sekomiti ebhexeshayo ukulawula iqela nokugcina ukuziphatha kakuhle nokuzinikela kwinjongo. Kubalulekile ukuzidibanisa neziphatha-mandla zomthonyama kunye/okanye iinkokeli zabahlali malunga nalo mba wobomi bokulima kwabahlali. Ukuze kusebenzeke kakuhle phakathi kwabahlali, ulawulo lweqela lofundo-nzulu maluthintele ungquzulwano malunga nemibandela esekwe kwimo yokushiya ngaphandle abathile. Amanye amaqela akuthintela oku ngokukhupha isimemo esivulela onke amafama phakathi kwabahlali ukuba aye kusuku lwawo lwamafama onyaka.
Iintlanganiso mazibanjwe rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuqhuba kwemisetyenzana yamaqela. Kucetyiswa iintlanganiso ezibanjwa qho ngenyanga kumabanga okuqala eqela. Ethubeni, ukubamba iintlanganiso kanye kwiinyanga ezimbini kubonakala kuyenye into enokwenziwa, nangona kunjalo imisetyenzana esekwe kuhlobo lwezolimo oluhamba ngokwamaxesha onyaka mhlawumbi ingalawula ikhalenda engqale kwiqela ngalinye lofundo-nzulu. Izithethi ezilundwendwe neengcaphephe zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ukugcina iqela lofundo-nzulu linolwazi neenkcukacha ezihlaziyekileyo. Luxanduva lweqela ngalinye ukukhetha ngokuqaphela nokumema ezi ngcaphephe ezintlanganisweni zalo. Kufanele kwenziwe kwangolo hlobo xa kusetyenziswana nababoneleli kunye nabaxhasi bamagalelo. Amaqela ofundo-nzulu anika ithuba elihle kakhulu kumafama lokwalatha inqanaba lobungcaphephe neenkonzo afuna ukuzifumana.
Amaqela amafama anesakhono esandulela uphuhliso lwezolimo ngokukhawulezisa eMzantsi Afrika. "Ngaphandle kweenkokeli nolungiselelo, abahlali basuka beme ndawonye kanti nabantu abanesiphiwo kubahlali batsala nzima ukubaleka amatyathanga entsilelo yophuhliso," utshilo uJapie Grobler, umongameli we-Agri SA. Isitshixo esivulela ukuzixhobisa ngamandla silele ekushukunyisweni kwamanyathelo amafama!
<fn>PulaImvula. Management(maize).2011-04-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba uziphethe kakuhle izilwanyana zakho Okanye ingaba amadlelo kwifama yakho abonisa iimpawu zokutyisa okugqithisileyo Ingaba unamava okwaneliseka xa ujonge isityalo sakho esikhula ngempumelelo Emva kokuvuna uyawakhathalela amasimi akho?
Yintoni eyenza ukuba omnye umlimi abe nempumelelo ngaphezu komnye Oku kungaxoxwa ngako kude kutshone ilanga. Nangona kunjalo, ekugqibeleni zonke izizathu zinokunxulunyaniswa nomgangatho wolawulo kwaye malunga neshishini lokufama - ulawulo lomsebenzi wokufama?
Ziliqela iinkcazelo ezikhoyo ngolawulo lokufama kodwa ngokudibanisa zonke iinkcazelo kufumaniseka ukuba zonke zithi ulawulo lwefama "kukusetyenziswa ngemfezeko okanye umdibaniso wayo yonke imithombo esetyenziswayo, abantu nezinto eziphathekayo, ukuze kuphunyezwe iinjongo zeshishini lokufama."
Abo babhekiselele kwiingcingane baya kuthi, kodwa masikhe sihlalutye inkcazelo siqale ngeenjongo okanye imigqaliselo yeshishini lokufama. Omnye angasuka athi eyona njongo equka zonke ezinye okanye ebaluleke kakhulu inokuba kukufumana inzuzo ngokwenza njalo kubekho inzuzo elondolozekayo. Ewe, isenokuba khona imigqaliselo eyongezelelweyo efana nokuphucula umgangatho wokuphila kwakho, njengokuvelisa imveliso eya kuthandwa ngabathengi nabanye. Nangona kunjalo, eminye imigqaliselo eyongezelelweyo inokufezeka kuphela xa kukho inzuzo efumanekileyo. Naxa ingengomgqaliselo wenene, abanye abalimi bakhetha ukuba nomonde balawule ishishini lokufama kuba befumana indlela ephucukileyo yokuphila kulo. Xa kungekho nzuzo efumanekayo, kwayona loo ndlela yokuphila isuka ingabi salunga. Ngokwemiqathango yemali ugqaliselo luxelwa njengembuyekezo elungileyo kutyalo-mali, kodwa ngenjongo yokubeka izinto lula masithethe ngenzuzo. Ngendlela ecace gca, inzuzo ibonakaliswa njengengeniso ekuthatyathwe kuyo iinkcitho (inzuzo = ingeniso - iinkcitho okanye ingeniso - iinkcitho = inzuzo).
Ubutyebi obungabantu nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo, ezikhankanywe kwinkcazelo, nabo kubhekiselelwa kubo njengemibandela yemveliso, ulawulo, abasebenzi, umhlaba kunye nemali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini. Abasebenzi bamele bonke abaphangeli. Umhlaba umele intsimi eyinto ekhoyo (amasimi angumhlaba), uhlaza (ekutyiswa kulo), amanzi). Imali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini yimali ephathekayo nezinto ezixabisekileyo ezingashenxiswayo ezifana nezakhiwo, izibiyeli, iintlanti, iishedi nenye impahla yexabiso eshenxisekayo efana nezithuthi, izixhobo zokusebenza, iitrektara, imfuyo eyandayo namagalelo okufumana imveliso njl.
Ukwenza izicwangciso ikukwazi ekufuneka kwenziwe, njani, nini.
Ukwenza ulungiselelo ikukwazi ukuba ngubani oza kwenza ntoni, nini, phi (ukwabiwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo).
Ukuphumeza ikukwenza okubonakalayo oko bekucwangciselwe nokwenzelwe ulungiselelo.
Ukuqwalasela ikukuthelekisa okwenziweyo, kulungile okanye akulunganga ncam, kunaloo nto ecwangciselweyo, nelungiselelweyo kunye nokufuna izizathu zokuphambuka emgaqweni ukuze kusetyenzwe phucukileyo kwixesha elizayo.
Ngaxeshanye, xa kuphunyezwa umsebenzi ngamnye wolawulo umlimi/umlawuli makabe yinkokeli, athathe izigqibo, anxibelelane ngaphakathi nangaphandle, anike umsebenzi, anxulumanise amacandelo, akhuthaze abantu aphinde agcine ingqeqesho ngendlela engacwangciselwanga necwangciselweyo.
Ngaphaya koko, ukuze likwazi ukwenza inzuzo elondolozekayo kwaye liphumeze zonke iinjongo zalo ishishini lokufama malibe nemveliso eliyikhuphayo likwazi ukuyithengisa - kufuneka ke ngoko lihlangabeze iimfuno zabaxumi. Ngokubanzi iimveliso zingaba kukutya, imichiza, iplanga okanye izilwanyana. Igama elithi "iimfuno" libandakanya imibandela efana nomgangatho kunye nobungakanani bemveliso, ixesha elixeliweyo lokunika inkonzo kunye/okanye inkonzo eyenziwa ngamaxesha abekiweyo, indawo yokunika inkonzo kunye nokubekelelwa kwempahla.
Malunga nesibalo samagama esisiseko sithe ingeniso - iinkcitho = inzuzo/ilahleko (ingeniso - inkcitho = inzuzo/ilahleko), kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba yonke into esiyenzayo okanye maxa wambi esingayenziyo besifanele ukuyenza, malunga neshishini lethu, oko ekugqibeleni kuzibonakalisa kwisibalo sethu samagama. Ingeniso inganda okanye icutheke kunjalo ke nangeenkcitho. Siyakubala konke ukutsala umnxeba esikwenzayo Ingaba konke ukutsala umnxeba esikwenzayo bekuyimfuneko Siyalubala lonke utyelelo lwethu lwasedolophini Siyayinika imfuyo yethu isondlo esifakelwayo xa isifuna Ingaba iitrektara zethu nabanye oomatshini banikwa inkonzo kwaye baqwalaselwa rhoqo?
Ngokuphathelene nale ngxoxo, ibinzana lamagama elithi ulawulo lwefama lungachazwa njengokwenza izicwangciso, ukwenza ulungiselelo, ukuphumeza nokuqwalasela abasebenzi bakho, intsimi yakho nazo zonke izinto ezinexabiso ezingashenxisekiyo nazo zonke ezishenxisekayo kubandakanywa amagalelo kumsebenzi wemveliso ngokukhokela, ngokwenza izigqibo, ngokunxibelelana, ngokwabela abanye umsebenzi, ngokunxulumanisa, ngokukhuthaza nangokugcina ingqeqesho ukuze kukhutshwe iimveliso eziya kuthandwa ngabathengi kodwa kufumaneke inzuzo.
Imibuzo ebuzwe ekuqaleni kweli nqaku ngoku inako ukubalulwa ngokubuza oku; uyazenza izicwangciso, uyalwenza ulungiselelo, uyaphumeza ngokunjalo uyaqwalasela ukuze ugcine imfuyo yakho kakuhle Ingaba isixokelelwano sakho sokutyisa uyasenzela izicwangciso, uyasilungiselela, uyasiphumeza ngokunjalo uyasiqwalasela kakuhle Ingaba imveliso yesityalo uyayenzela izicwangciso, uyayilungiselela, uyayiphumeza ngokunjalo uyayiqwalasela kakuhle kubandakanywa, umzekelo imiba efana nokuhlalutywa komhlaba?
Imisebenzi emine yolawulo kwakhona inako ukubonwa njengamavili esithuthi okanye itrektara. Ukuba kukho ivili elinye elingahlohlekanga kakuhle ngumoya okanye okubi ngakumbi kuthi kanti lipaca-paca isithuthi sisenako ukuya phambili ngesakhono esicuthekileyo kodwa kungekudala kusuka kwenzeke umonakalo kangangokuba isithuthi sinyanzeleke ukuba sime ngxi. Kunjalo nakushishino. Ukuba omnye wemisebenzi yolawulo awuqhutywa kakuhle, ishishini lakho lisenako ukuyifumana inzuzo kodwa kungekudala, kungaba semva kweminyaka emihlanu nokuba yelishumi okanye emininzi kunoko, ishishini lakho liya kuma. Kanti oko ngumceli-mngeni wexesha elizayo; ukuba ulawulo lwakho aluphucuki ngonyaka ngamnye, ekugqibeleni liya kuma, kude kungaphindi kubekho nzuzo ifumanekayo. Umntu akanako ukwenza izinto ngendlela enye unyaka emva komnye; kufuneka uphucule ulawulo ngokwandisa ingeniso kunye/okanye ukulawula iinkcitho zakho.
Ingeniso inokwandiswa, umzekelo ngamaxabiso athe chatha kunye/okanye imveliso ethe chatha ngomlinganiselo ngamnye (umbona - ngeetoni/ngeehektare) kunye/okanye izicwangciso zemveliso eziphuculiweyo (ukufama okuchanwayo) kunye/okanye ukwanda kwemveliso ekhutshwayo kunye/okanye ukuguqulwa kweshishini kunye/okanye ukulenza ngenye indlela.
Iindleko zinokucutheka, umzekelo ngokuzama ukufumana amaxabiso aphantsi ezinto eziligalelo kunye/okanye izicwangciso zemveliso eziphuculiweyo (ukufama okuchanwayo) kunye/okanye ukucutha iindleko njengokunciphisa abasebenzi kunye/okanye ukulawula iindleko ngokuphumeza uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye/okanye ukwandisa imveliso ekhutshwayo.
Ulawulo ngokubanzi (imiba efana nempilo nokhuselo lwabasebenzi, ulawulo lomlilo nokhuseleko lwefama).
Nangona le mimandla ikhankanywe ngokwahluka kwayo, inxulumene kuba naxa unokuxakeka kulawula (usenza izicwangciso okanye usenza ulungiselelo okanye uphumeza okanye uqwalasela) ummandla othile kungenzeka uxakeke kukulawula enye indawo okanye iindawo. Umzekelo xa usaxakeke lulawulo lwemveliso usenokuxakeka lulawulo lwemali, lulawulo lokuthenga nalulawulo lwabasebenzi. Oku kwenza ukuba ukulawula ifama kube ngumceli-mngeni omkhulu.
Kwakhona yinyaniso ukuba akukho mntu onokulawula engenalwazi, ngezinto zangaphandle nezangaphakathi. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kuqokelelwe ulwazi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kanti oko kunokwenzeka ngokufunda, ngokumamela, ngokuqwalasela nangokurekhodisha. Kufuneka nonke niyiqhele intetho ethi, xa ungenakubeka esikalini, akunakulawula. Xa ungazi ukuba ipesenti yokwanda komhlambi wakho weenkomo ngama-60% kuphela, uza kulawula njani ukuze uphucule ipesenti yokwanda komhlambi wakho Kaloku kufuneka uqale ngokugcina ingxelo uqokelele ulwazi ngoonobangela bepesenti ephantsi yokwanda komhlambi wakho nendlela ongayiphucula ngayo okanye onokulungisa ngayo oonobangela abanokuba khona. Kuyafana nakwisivuno sezityalo zakho, ukukhutshwa kobisi, ukukhutshwa kwewulu, isantya sokukhula kweenkuku zakho zenyama okanye nokuba yintoni?
Okokugqibela, njengabalawuli beefama kufuneka siphinde sikhumbule ukuba yinxalenye yoxanduva lwethu ukulondoloza ubume obusingqongileyo xa silawula amashishini ethu ngokusebenzisa iindlela eziphucukileyo zezolimo.
<fn>PulaImvula. ManagementMaize.2009-06.xh.txt</fn>
Grabbing quote: Xa ungakwazi ukulinganisa, akunakukwazi ukulawula.
Njengoko sonke sisazi, umsebenzi wokufama lishishini kanti ukuba ungumlimi orhwebayo mininzi imibandela ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo enokwenza ukuba ishishini lakho libe nenzuzo.
Injongo ephambili kukwenza nokulondoloza inzuzo elondolozekayo.
Yonke into eyenziwa efama inamandla eempembelelo kwingeniso. Ingeniso - Inkcitho = Inzuzo/Ilahleko.
Kwenziwa iingcebiso malunga nezinto emazenziwe/ezinokwenziwa kunye/okanye okufunekayo ngokwasemthethweni malunga nolawulo lwemimandla eyahluka-hlukeneyo yolawulo lwasefama. Eyokuba amacebiso alandelwe oko kuya kuba kukukhetha noxanduva lomvelisi/umlawuli.
Ulwazi - lwangaphandle nolwangaphakathi (iirekhodi zangaphakathi) lubaluleke kangangoko.
Ishishini lokufama eMzantsi Afrika liyinxalenye nomthwalo welali elihlabathi, ngoko ke liyachatshazelwa yiloo nto yenzeka ehlabathini.
Ifama ibonwa njengesixokelelwano esipheleleyo kanti ummandla ngamnye uneempembelelo kweminye imimandla, ngamanye amazwi indlela yokulawula eli shishini yindlela ehlanganisela ngokupheleleyo.
Kaninzi uva okulandelayo: "Kutheni abanye abavelisi kummandla othile baqhubela phambili ngaphezu kwabanye abalima kwakuloo ngingqi phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, okanye kutheni abanye abavelisi besinda kumaxesha anzima lo gama abamelwana babo betshatyalaliswe ziimeko ezifana nezo" Impendulo kukuba abanye abavelisi balilawula phucukileyo ishishini labo lokufama kunabanye. Kodwa yintoni ulawulo, okanye malunga nalo mba, ulawulo lwefama?
Ulawulo lwefama lunokuchazwa njengokuthatha ezona zigqibo zibalaseleyo (eziphenjelelwa ziinjongo ngokufanelekileyo) malunga nomthombo ongabantu ukuze kuzuzwe iinjongo zeshishini elithile.
Isakhono sokulawula ngokwenkcazo kuthetha ukuba umvelisi makasebenzise imisetyenzana emine yolawulo, ukwenza isicwangciso, ukuhlela umsebenzi, ukuwuphumeza nokuwulawula, ngokuncomekayo. Nangona iyinto enokwenzeka ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwemisetyenzana emine, inkqubo yolawulo yinkqubo enganqunyanyiswayo. Phakathi kwenkqubo yolawulo umvelisi makasebenzise iqela lemisetyenzana yolawulo eyile ukuthatha izigqibo, unxibelelwano, inkuthazo, unxulumaniso, ukugcina ucwangco, ukuthuma nokukhokela.
Umsebenzi wokufama uchazwa njengokuthatyathwa kwesigqibo esijoliswe kwimpumezo.
Ulwazi ngefama ayilawulayo.
Ulawulo jikelele - impilo nokhuselo lwasemsebenzini, ulawulo lomlilo, ubusela nokhuseleko lwefama.
Indlela yokuphucula ummandla ngamnye kule mimandla nokukhulisa kunye nokulondoloza iinzuzo kuya kuxoxwa ngako kwiiPula/Imvula zeenyanga ezizayo. Iingcebiso kunye/okanye amacebiso, aya kuba luncedo ekwandiseni nasekulondolozeni inzuzo yeshishini, aya kunikwa malunga nommandla ngamnye wolawulo. Isalathiso sezinto ezifunekayo ngokwasemthethweni naso siya kunikwa. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kuxhomekeka kumvelisi/umlawuli ngamnye ukuba uyawasebenzisa na amacebiso okanye hayi. Akukho mntu unokunyanzelwa. Malunga nemigqaliselo yasemthethweni, xa umvelisi/umlawuli engawasebenzisi amacebiso uya kuluthwala ngokwakhe uxanduva ngesigqibo sakhe.
<fn>PulaImvula. ManagingMaize.2009-04.xh.txt</fn>
Byline: NguF.B. Peairs, Colorado State University Ingcali Yesolulo kwezeziNambuzane nongunjingalwazi, kwiinzululwazi zendalo ephilayo kwezolimo kwezolawulo lwezibulali zityalo.
Create a Fact Box: Iinyaniso Ezikhawulezayo...
I-bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) yintsholongwane eyibhaktiriya evelisa iityhefu zezinambuzane.
Iziqalelo zofuzo (genes) ezivela kwi-Bt zinokufakelwa kwizityalo ezilinywayo ukuze zikwazi ukuvelisa iityhefu zezinambuzane ukuze ke ngoko zimelane nezibulali-zityalo ezithile.
Imihlanganisela yombona enesiqalelo sofuzo esinye okanye ngaphezulu kwesinye ze-Bt (i-Bt yombona) iyakwazi ukumelana nezinambuzane ezizibulali-zityalo ezithile ezibalulekileyo.
Imihlanganisela ye-Bt yombona incomeka kakhulu kwaye ilolunye uhlobo ngokoqoqosho olunokusetyenziswa lubolekisane neentlobo ezikhoyo ngoku zokubulala izinambuzane ezizibulali-zityalo, xa ukulawula izinambuzane ezibulala izityalo ekujoliswe kuko kukumanqanaba abalulekileyo ngokoqoqosho.
Ezobugcisa zanamhla zisivumela ukuba siphucule iintlobo zezityalo ngokufakela iziqalelo zofuzo ezivela kwezinye iintlobo. Oku kuluncedo kuba sinako ukwenza imizila ukuba ibolekisane, imizila efana nokumelana kwezinambuzane nonyango, mhlawumbi ezingekhoyo ngokwendalo kwiintlobo ezithile zezityalo, okanye ekunokuba nzima ukuzithutha phakathi kweentlobo zezitylo ngokusebenzisa iindlela zobuchule bokwandisa ngokuhlanganisela izityalo ngendlela eqhelekileyo.
Omnye wemisebenzi wobu bugcisa banamhla luphuhliso lwemihlanganisela yombona ekwaziyo ukumelana nezinambuzane ezibulala izityalo ezithile ngenxa yokufakelwa kwesiqalelo sofuzo esisuka kwintsholongwane yebhaktiriya yomhlaba oyindalo. Imihlanganisela elolo hlobo yaziwa ngokuba yimihlanganisela "yofuzo oluxananazileyo" (transgenic), nangona ingeyiyo yonke imihlanganisela "yofuzo oluxananazileyo" equlethe imizila yokumelana nezinambuzane.
Nangona le mihlanganisela yofuzo oluxananazileyo lokumelana nezinambuzane ezibulala izityalo inesakhono esincomekayo ekutshatyalalisweni kwezinambuzane ezibulala izityalo, ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwenze iinkxalabo. Uthotho lwembuzo elandelayo neempendulo lunika ingqiqo ebanzi ngale mihlanganisela yombona emelana nezinambuzane nokusetyenziswa kwazo kulawulo lwezinambuzane ezibulala izityalo.
I-Bt sisishunqulelo sentsholongwane eyibhaktiriya eqhelekileyo ehlala emhlabeni eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Bacillus thuringiensis. I-Bt ikwabhekiselela kwiimveliso ezitshabalalisa izinambuzane ezenziwa ngezi bhaktiriya.
I-Bt idibene ngantoni nezinambuzane ezibulala izityalo?
Ezinye iintlobo ze-Bt zibulala izinambuzane ngeetyhefu ezibizwa ngokuba ziiprotheyini ezi-insecticidal crystal okanye ii-delta endotoxins. Zaziwa zingenabungozi obungako ebantwini nakwinkoliso yeentlobo ezingezo zibulali-zityalo.
Yintoni i-Bt yombona?
Imveliso yeetyhefu zangaphakathi ze-delta zitshatyalaliswa ngesiqalelo sofuzo esinye kuphela esikwibhaktiriya. Iintlobo ezihlengahlengisiweyo zezi ziqalelo zofuzo zinokubekwa kwizityalo zombona. Izityalo zombona eziqulethe isiqalelo sofuzo zinokuvelisa ityhefu yangaphakathi ye-delta ngoko ke zibe netyhefu kwizinambuzane ezisisisulu ezenza iprotheyini.
Zisetyenziselwa ntoni iziqalelo zofuzo ze-Bt emboneni?
Xa iityhefu zangaphakathi ze-delta zitshiziwe izityalo zaphuka ngokukhawuleza zakuba zisesichengeni sokukhanya kwe-UV. Iityhefu zangaphakathi ze-delta eziveliswe kwisityalo ziyakhuselwa ekukhanyeni kwe-UV. Kwakhona, uninzi lwezinambuzane ezibalulekileyo ezitshabalalisa izityalo kunzima ukuzitshabalalisa kwaye kuduru ngemichiza yokubulala izinambuzane yesiqhelo, kodwa zizizisulu ze-delta endotoxins eziveliswa kwizicwili zezityalo. Kanti ubuchule bobugcisa kwindalo bokufaka ityhefu evelisa isiqalelo zofuzo sebufumaneka.
Ingaba sonke isityalo se-Bt siphelele sinetyhefu?
Kuxhomekekile. Imibandela mibini, sisiganeko nomphumezi, zinto ezo ezitshabalalisa apho iityhefu zangaphakathi ze-delta kwisityalo ziveliswa khona ngokwezixa ezithile. Amaqumrhu embewu ahluka-hlukeneyo asebenzisa iziganeko neziphumezi ezahluka-hlukeneyo, ukuze imihlanganisela yabo yahluke ngokwezicwili zesityalo ezivelisa iityhefu zangaphakathi ze-delta.
Isiganeko sokufaka sisenzo esiphathekayo sokubeka isiqalelo sofuzo se-Bt kwisiseko sofuzo lwesityalo sombona. Kungelo xesha apho indawo esesiqwini ekubekwa kuyo isiqalelo sofuzo lwe-bt ifunyaniswa khona (liphi ityathanga lofuzo futhi ndawoni "chromosomes" njl.njl.) Indawo esikuyo isiqalelo sofuzo seBt ichaphazela indawo apho kuveliswa khona ii-delta endotoxin kwisityalo nendlela ezi tyhefu zangaphakathi ze-delta eziveliswa ngayo. Kwithuba langoku, asinabo ubuchule bobugcisa bokutshabalalisa indawo esikuyo isiqalelo sofuzo se-Bt, ngoko ke isiganeko ngasinye senza ukuba kubekho izityalo ezahlukayo ngendawo apho ziveliswa khona ii-delta endotoxin kananjalo nesixa esiveliswayo.
Umphumezi ngumshukumisi wofuzo oxelela isiqalelo sofuzo se-Bt ukuba ii-delta endotoxins ziveliswe nini kwaye phi. Abaphumezi abahluka-hlukeneyo abaliqela bayafumaneka kwaye ukukhethwa komphumezi nako kuchaphazela apho ziveliswa khona ii-delta endotoxins. Abaphumezi abaliqela abahluka-hlukeneyo bayafumaneka kwaye ukukhethwa komphumezi nako kukwachaphazela isixa se-delta endotoxins eziveliswayo kwisityalo esingumbona, ukuze oko kukhokelele kwiiyantlukwano phakathi kwemihlanganisela.
Zingaphi iintlobo ze-Bt yombona ezikhoyo?
Zininzi iintlobo zemihlanganisela ye-Bt yombona ezikhoyo kwaye ezinye zinokuqulatha isigqobhozi sesikhondo sombona kunye neziganeko zombungu weengcambu zombona.
Ingaba yonke imihlanganisela yombona inika inqanaba elifanayo lokutshabalalisa?
Inqanaba lokutshabalalisa izibulali-zityalo ekujoliswe kuzo kunye nobubanzi bolawulo obunikwa ngumhlanganisela ngumsebenzi weziganeko oziqulathileyo. Kubhetele ukuthelekisa utshabalaliso lwezinambuzane sisiganeko kunomhlanganiswla. Khetha imihlanganisela eya kusebenza kakuhle kwindawo ohlala kuyo uze ucele iinkcukacha zokutshatyalaliswa kwezinambuzane ezingqale kwiziganeko eziqulethwe yile mihlanganisela.
Ingaba i-Bt yombona iya kusebenza kakuhle kwindawo yam?
Imizila ye-Bt ayifanelanga kuchaphazela ukusebenza komhlanganisela. Ukuba uhlobo olusetyenziswa ngoku lomhlanganisela lusebenza kakuhle, uhlobo lwe-Bt lufanele ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ingaba i-Bt nguwo kuphela umzila ofakwa ngokofuzo emboneni?
Eminye imihlanganisela enemizila efakwe ngokofuzo, efana nokumelana kwemichiza eshabalalisa izibulali-zityalo, ziyafumaneka. Eminye imizila emininzi isaphuhliswa kwaye iya kufumaneka kwixesha elizayo.
Ingaba umbona siso kuphela isityalo esifakwa i-Bt ngokofuzo?
Hayi, ziliqela ezinye izityalo ezihlengahlengisiweyo ukuze zivelise ii-delta endotoxins. Nangona kunjalo, umbona nomqhaphu zenza isixa esikhulu esisetyenziselwa ukuthengisa.
Ingaba zikhona izinto eziluncedo zokusebenzisa i-Bt yombona endaweni yomchiza wokutshabalalisa izinambuzane otshabalalisa izigqobhozi zezikhondo?
I-Bt yombona iya kutshabalalisa impehla yombona ngaphandle kokuchaphazela izidla-nyama nezinye izinambuzane ezifanelekileyo. Oku kufanele ukwenza ulawulo lwezinye izibulali-zityalo ezifana namangolwane ezigcawu lube lula, nangonaa kungekho zinkcukacha zamasimi ukuze kuxhaswe lo mbango.
Ingaba ezi zizinto ezingenaluncedo ngokusebenzisa i-Bt yombon xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo lwempehla yombona?
Kuya kubakho iindleko ezifakelweyo kwimbewu ye-Bt, kungakhathaliseki ukuba lukhon na uhlaselo lwempehla yombona oluchaphazela uqoqosho. Ulawulo olusetyenziswa ngokwesiqhelo ngemichiza lukuvumela ukuba ulinde ubone ukuba uphuhliso lohlaselo luphuhla phambi kokwandisa ulawulo lwezinambuzane na.
Ingaba ndinako ukutyala iBt yombona ndize ndilibale ngezinambuzane namangolwane?
Hayi, i-Bt yombona ayinakukuvumela ukuba ulibale shici ngezibulali-zityalo eziziziinambuzane. Ukuhlola nokulawula kuyaqhuba ngokuba yimfuneko malunga nezinambuzane ezithile.
Ingaba zikhona ezinye izinto ezingalunganga ngokusebenzisa i-Bt yombona xa kuthelekiswa nezenzo zokutshabalalisa izibulali-zityalo eziqhelekileyo?
Kusenokuba khona ubunzima ekuthengiseni i-Bt yombona ejoliswe kwimimandla yentengiso yehlabathi. Imeko yentengiso yehlabathi iguquka ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke asiyonto ingenakwenzeka ukwazi indlela imithetho eguquka ngayo phakathi kokukhetha umhlanganisela nokuvuna. Le yeyona ngxaki iqhelekileyo malunga neziganeko ezamkelwe kutshanje.
Ingaba i-Bt yombona ndingayisebenzisa phi emsebenzini wam?
I-Bt yombona ifanele ukusetyenziswa kuphela apho umngcipheko wohlaselo lwesibulali-zityalo ekujoliswe kuso uphezulu khona.
Kwenziwa ntoni ukuthintela ukumelana kwempehla yombona ne-Bt yombona?
Abaphandi kwiiYunivesithi, ishishini lembewu kunye ne-EPA basebenza kunye ukuphuhlisa izicwangciso zolawulo lokumelana ezinamandla nezenzekayo. Zisekwe kumthamo ophezulu nakwizicwangciso zobuchule bokuhlangula.
Yintoni isicwangciso sobuchule bokulangula?
Ukuba isihlangulwa esithile sityalwa nemihlanganisela engena-Bt, ngoko ke nayiphi impehla yombona okanye imibungu yeengcambu ephuma kwezi ndawo iya kuba zizisule ze-Bt. Ziya kudibana nazo naziphi ezisinde kwiBt yombona ukuze zigcine ukuba sisisulu ngokofuzo kwawo onke amanani ephelele.
<fn>PulaImvula. March(maize).2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
Ixesha likaMatshi aliphithizeli malunga nokulinywa kombona kodwa lixesha elixakekileyo ngokuphathelene nomlimi onempumelelo. Malunga nomlimi wombona ixesha lonyaka lasehlotyeni lokusebenza ngokuxhabasha lidlulile kwaye ngoku lixesha elifutshane lokuphumla ngakwicala lombona.
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabalimi bombona bakwanalo necala lemfuyo elinegalelo ekusexhamleni okufanelekileyo kwazo zonke izinto ezisetyenziswayo zendalo ukuze ngokwenza njalo kuphunguleke imingcipheko enxulunyaniswa nokulinywa kwezityalo.
Iliqela imiba ebalulekileyo enxulunyaniswa nokufama ngeenkomo zenyama, eluhlobo oluxhaphake kakhulu lokufama ngemfuyo oluqhutywa ngabalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo. Yonke le miba isondelelene kakhulu kwisimo nempilo yenkomo.
Ukukhulisa amankonyana ukuze andise iinkomo kwixesha elizayo kuneendleko eziphezulu, kaloku kufuneka inkomo ide ibe nenkonyana okokuqala ukuze ibe ifaka ingeniso. Abalimi abavumelani bonke malunga nobona budala bufanelekileyo bokufumana inkonyana okokuqala, kodwa kukhuselekile ukuthi kunqweneleka mhlawumbi kwiminyaka emibini nemithathu yobudala. Ukuba inkonyana belingondliwa ngokwaneleyo, liya kuba lincinci kakhulu (khaphu-khaphu) ukuba lingamitha ukuze oko kubambezele umhla wokufumana inkonyana okokuqala. Kumnxeba wobomi bemazi yenkomo, injongo kukufumana inkonyana yayo qho kwiintsuku ezingama-365 (ngonyaka ngamnye kwinyanga leyo). Xa imazi yenkomo ifumene inkonyana layo lokuqala selilidala, oko kuthetha ukuba iya kuba namankonyana ambalwa kumnxeba wobomi balo bokwandisa.
Imazi yenkomo inokubonwa njengefektri yokufumana amankonyana. Ithuba lokumitha kwemazi yenkomo ziinyanga ezilithoba kwaye iyasuswa kufutshane nenkunzi kwiinyanga ezimbini ezilandelayo ukuze umzimba wayo uphumle ngethuba lokondla inkonyana ngobisi (lona lixhomekeke kwaphela elubisini kwiiveki zokuqala ezimbalwa zobomi balo). Okunqwenelekayo kukuba imazi yenkomo imithe kwakhona kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokufumana inkonyana ukuze kwangayo inyanga ezele ngayo iphinde yenze njalo kunyaka ozayo kunyaka ngamnye. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngonyaka ngamnye kufumaneka imveliso yenkomo, ngaphandle kokwaphuka kwempilo yenkomo. Xa inkomo ingondliwa kakuhle, ayinakukwazi ukumitha nokuthwala inkonyana ngonyaka ngamnye.
Ngokuya sinyuka isantya sokufumaneka kwamankonyana, linyuka njalo inani lamankonyana anokuthengiswa ekupheleni kwexesha elo lonyaka. Bukhona bona ubuchule bokuba ibe yinto eyenzekayo ukuba imazi yenkomo nganye ifumane inkonyana ngonyaka ngamnye. Iliqela imibandela ephembelela ipesenti yokufunyanwa kwamankonyana, kodwa imeko yenkomo ngomnye wemibandela ephambili (eminye imibandela inokubandakanya impilo yomhlambi, inani leenkunzi xa lithelekiswa neleemazi, ukuchuma kweenkunzi njl.njl.) Iimazi zeenkomo ezingazali qho ngonyaka mazingagcinwa emhlambini - zingabahambi kwaye aziyihlawuleli indlela yazo kananjalo azinagalelo kwingeniso yefama.
Inkonyana eliphilileyo, elinempilo entle sisiqalo esihle eso, kodwa ukuze kubekho ingeniso kufuneka likhuliswe lide lifikelele ekulunyulweni nasekuthengisweni. Inkonyana malizalwe lilikhulu kwaye lomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuze likwazi ukuma nokwanya kunina ngokukhawuleza okukhulu ukuze liqalise ukukhula. Isimo sokondleka kukanina sibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba imazi yenkomo ikwimeko entle kwaye yondlekile, iya kukwazi ukumitha, ukuzala nokukhulisa inkonyana elinempilo. Amankonyana afa phambi kokulunyulwa ayilahleko kumlimi. Makwenziwe onke amalinge okulumla amankonyana ali-100% athe azalwa.
Uninzi lwamankonyana alunyuliweyo athengiswa ngokweekhilogram ngoko ke xa buphezulu ubunzima bomzimba, nexabiso layo liya kuphakama. Ubukhulu bamankonyana bukholisa ukunxulunyaniswa nesimo sokondleka kwenkomo nenkonyana kwithuba lonyaka kanti kuqwalaselwa nohlobo lwenkomo. Xa lilikhulu inkonyana elilunyuliweyo ngenkomo nganye, ngokunjalo iyaphucuka ingeniso yeshishini.
Njengoko kuxoxiwe, abalimi abaninzi abanempumelelo bakwanalo necala lemfuyo eninzi kwimisebenzi yabo yokulima - iinkomo (okanye enye imfuyo) zisebenzisa amathafa endalo, amadlelo (natyalwe kwimihlaba yesakhono esiphantsi), nakwiintsalela zombona (izikhondwana zamadiza). Ukuba ngumlimi onempumelelo ofuyileyo kunxulunyaniswa ngakumbi nokunika isondlo esaneleyo, sodidi olulungileyo kunyaka uphelele. Ngeenyanga zasehlotyeni abalimi abaninzi bayakwazi ukuthembela emathafeni nasemadlelweni ukuze bondle imfuyo yabo, kodwa abalimi abalungileyo bayayilungiselela imfuyo yabo ukwenzela iinyanga zasebusika ezibandayo nezibaleleyo.
Xa seliza kuphela ihlobo, abalimi abaninzi balima isondlo esiluhlaza (sikholisa ukuba yihabile) phakathi kwemiqolo yombona. Emva kokuvuna umbona, iinkomo neegusha ziyavunyelwa ukutyisa emasimini apho zikwaziyo ukusebenzisa izikhondwana zamadiza, izikhwebu zombona eziwileyo, kunye nesondlo esiluhlaza. Abanye abalimi balima i-seradella phakathi kombona. Yona isisityalo esingumdumba esinencasa nesinesondlo esiphucuke kakhulu esinganiki isondlo sodidi oluphezulu kakhulu kuphela, kodwa emhlabeni yakha i-nitrogen enokusetyenziselwa isityalo esilandelayo. Inyanga kaMatshi isemva kwexesha lokulima ihabile (i-oats) ne-seradella, kodwa lisekhona ixesha lokulima i-rye. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba i-rye ungayityali yonke ngexesha elinye, njengoko ikhula msinyane kakhulu kwaye ngebakala elithile, uya kuba nefula eninzi ngokugqithisileyo, kulandele ithuba elicuthekileyo apho ingasayi kwanela ifula. I-rye ayimnandanga xa ikwimbewu njengoko uboya bayo buhlaba emlonyeni, empumlweni nasemehlweni empahla.
Xa unamadlelo atyalwe i-eragrostis, inyanga kaMatshi lixesha elihle yokuwacheba okokugqibela. Umgangatho wengca (ifula) awusayi kuba mhle kweli xesha, ngaphandle kokuba usifake kakuhle isichumiso, kodwa ke noko uya kuba naso isintlaka-ntlakiso sokusebenzisa ngeenyanga zasebusika. Khumbula ukuba unako ukusoloko usongeza isikhothwa esilungileyo ukuze iinkomo zikwazi ukudibanisa nesintlaka-ntlakiso somgangatho ongaphucukanga, nangona kunjalo, xa ungenaso isintlaka-ntlakiso, akusayi kukwazi ukuzigcina izilwanyana kwixesha lasebusika zikwisimo esilungileyo. Ngokusika ingca uyibeke ngokwezithungu, uya kukwazi ukuchumisa amasimi kwixesha lasentlakohlaza uze ukwazi ukufumana isityalo esilungileyo sengca kwangoko kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, khusela izithungu kwiimozulu ngokuzigcina phantsi kophahla, okanye obona buncinci, zibekelele ngendlela eya kunciphisa ukuba sesichengeni semvula.
Kwiinyanga zasebusika, ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuba wondla izilwanyana zakho kuphela. Akufuni zinto ezidla emhlambini wakho. Eli lixesha elihle lokunyanga imfuyo yakho ngaphakathi (kwiintshulube) nangaphandle (kumakhalane). Xa ufuna icebiso malunga noku, nceda zidibanise neshishini lezolimo lendawo ohlala kuyo, imbumba okanye ugqirha wezilwanyana (baya kuba nazo iidiphu nemithamo ekhoyo). Ukuba usebenzisa amadlelo adityanelwayo, kuya kunceda wonke umntu xa abanini bemfuyo benokunyanga izilwanyana zabo ngaxeshanye; oku kuthintela izilwanyana ezidla emhlambini ezisuka kwezinye izilwanyana ezinganyangangwa zibuyele kwizilwanyana ezinyangiweyo.
Emva kwexesha lonyaka elinemvula, kusuka kubekho ukongezeka kwezinambuzane, inkoliso yazo ngabathwali bezifo zemfuyo. Nceda qiniseka ukuba ufumana icebiso elihle malunga nenkqubo yokugonya iinkomo neegusha. Kuphucukile ukuchitha imali kugonyo nasekuthinteleni izifo kunokulahlekelwa sisilwanyana okungeyomfuneko. Xa uzikhathalela izilwanyana zakho kakuhle kwaye uqinisekisa ukuba zisoloko zisondliwa kakuhle, nazo ziya kukukhathalela zizise ingeniso eya kuzinzisa umsebenzi wokulima izityalo eziziinkozo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Marketing(maize).2011-01-12.xh.txt</fn>
Grabber: Ukuthengisa okuyimpumelelo kuthetha ukuba nemveliso elungileyo, endaweni elungileyo, ngexabiso elilungileyo nangexesha elilungileyo.
Akukho nto ekunokuthiwa ivelisiwe ide ifikelele kwibanga lokusetyenziswa. Oku kuthetha ukuba amandla anokubakho ayo nayiphi imveliso awanakuzalisekiswa de ihlangabezane neemfuno zomthengi oya kukwazi ukuyisebenzisa.
Umzekelo, ubisi lufana nolungekaveliswa ngokupheleleyo lude lube sezandleni zomthengi oya kulusebenzisa ngokonwaba. Iitapile azikaveliswa ngokupheleleyo zide zibe sezandleni zenkosikazi egcine ikhaya ukuba iziphekele usapho lwayo. Ngokunjalo, umbona "awukaveliswa" ngokupheleleyo ude ube sezandleni zomthengi oya kuwuqhubela phambili ade awutye. Kude kufikelelwe kwelo banga umlimi wombona akasayi kufumana nzuzo kutyalo-mali lwakhe, yiloo nto inqanaba lokuthengisa kwinkqubo yemveliso libalulekile kwaye kufuneka liqwalaselwe singekalinywa isityalo.
Ukuqhubela phambili imveliso nokuthengisa ziinkqubo ezimbini ezahlukileyo: masithi yinkqubo enye enganqamkiyo yokuguqulwa kwempahla engekasetyenzwa ide ifikelele ekubeni ibe nako ukusetyenziswa ngumthengi. Siya kuba sichan'ucwethe xa sisithi makungabikho nto eveliswayo engafunwayo ngomnye umntu.
Yiba soloko ukhumbula ummandla wentengiso!
Imveliso efanele ukulinywa mayibe yefunwayo ngabathengi kwaye mayithengiswe ngexabiso abalangazelelayo ukulihlawula. Isakhono sokuwugcina lo mthetho-siseko woqoqosho ngokwembono yawo sithetha ukuba umlimi uqhuba ishishini lakhe ngokwemithetho-siseko eya kuqinisekisa inkqubela yethuba elide. Enyanisweni zonke izigqibo ezithathwa ngumlimi ekugqibeleni zizigqibo eziphathelene nentengiso.
Ndiza kulima ntoni?
Ndiza kulima kangakanani?
Ndiza kuyithengisela bani imveliso yam?
Ndiza kulima nini ndize ndithengise nini?
Zeziphi iindleko endinokukwazi ukuzithwala kwaye ileliphi ixabiso endiza kulamkela?
Imveliso yam iza kuba kowuphi umgangatho okanye udidi?
Ingaba ndiza kuthengisa kumanyano lwamashishini lwendawo endihlala kuyo?
Ingaba ndiza kuthengisa ngokobhambathisa olugqithiselwayo?
Ingaba ndiza kuyigcina imveliso yam ndize ndiyithengise mva xa imfuno ebangwayo seyiphezulu okanye xa ummandla wentengiso ungasaxinenanga?
Ingaba ndiza kuwusila umbona wam okanye ndiza kuwunika iinkomo zam?
Kufuneka ndiwuthengise msinyane kangakanani ngokunjalo ungakanani umngcipheko endinokukwazi ukuwuthatha?
Iimpendulo ezinikwa ngumlimi zale mibuzo kufuneka zonke zinxulumane nemiba esisiseko yoqoqosho echazwe ngentla malunga nemfuno ebangwayo kunye nokusebenziseka! Abalimi bathundezwa ekubeni bavule amehlo abo malunga nokuthengisa xa besenza izicwangciso zemveliso yabo yexesha lonyaka.
Nangona esanda amanani abalimi ayiphawulayo le mithetho-siseko yoqoqosho malunga nokuthengisa, kusekho abaninzi ababona ukuthengisa njengesenzo esenzeka emva kokuqalisa kwexesha lonyaka lokulima kwaye bacinga ukuba mabaqale ngokuzikisa ingqondo kundoqo womsebenzi ekukulima nokuvelisa izityalo!
Ewe, ukuvelisa isityalo esisemgangathweni obalaseleyo nako kuyimfuneko, kodwa ngenxa yefuthe lokhutshiswano lwehlabathi kwimimandla yentengiso kunye namathuba avezwa ngamandla anokubakho okuthenga nokuthengisa kuTshintshiselwano lweKamva lwaseMzantsi Afrika (South African Futures Exchange - SAFEX) ekuTshintshiselwano lweMpahla lwaseGoli (Johannesburg Stock Exchange - JSE), kubaluleke ngakumbi namhla ngaphezu kwalo naliphi ixesha langaphambili ukuba umlimi abe nolwazi ngamathuba avela entengisweni ngokunjalo nangezicwangciso-buqili zokubekwa kwamaxabiso anokuzifumana.
Iqonga le-SAFEX laziwa ngokuba ngummandla wentengiso yemveliso yorhwebo kwaye ibonwa njengesixhobo esincomekayo sabalimi sokulawula amathuba avelayo kummandla wentengiso kunye nemingcipheko ekubekweni kwamaxabiso phakathi kwemimandla yezolimo eMzantsi Afrika. Abalimi banako ukukhusela izityalo zabo eziziinkozo kwi-SAFEX ukuze baqiniseke ngexabiso elinqwenelekayo ngemveliso yabo kwaye ngomhla abawunqwenelayo kwixesha elizayo. Lo msebenzi unokunciphisa ithuba lokuba zizisulu kwabo kwimimandla yentengiso eguqu-guqukayo ngokunjalo ibakhusele kumaxabiso abekiweyo anokusuka ehle ngexesha lokuvuna xa ummandla wentengiso uxinene okanye unemveliso eninzi kakhulu.
Imveliso yokutya okuziinkozo eMzantsi Afrika iphantsi koxinzelelo. Iindleko zokufaka igalelo ziphezulu, imingcipheko iphezulu, imveliso ethengiswayo ininzi kunemfuno ebangwayo ukuze njengesiphumo sako oko amaxabiso ahlawulwa ngumthengi abe phantsi koxinzelelo ukuze angakwazi ukubuyisela umlimi iindleko zakhe zegalelo nemingcipheko ethathiweyo. Ekugqibeleni abalimi abakwazi kukhupha imveliso enenzuzo phantsi kwemeko enje!
Umlimi ngamnye makahlalutye imeko yakhe ukuze athathe izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ngentengiso kwaye abambe ixesha malunga neshishini lakhe. Abanye basenokuba bakhethe ukutyala izityalo eziziinkozo ezincinci okwexesha langoku ide ithembeke imimandla yentengiso. Abanye banokukhetha ukujolisa kweminye imisebenzi eyahlukileyo yemveliso ngenjongo yokwandisa isakhono sokukhupha imveliso baphinde bakwazi ukugcina iindleko zegalelo ziphantsi. Kanti abanye abalimi benze uphando ngezenzo zokulima zokuhlakula okukona kuncinci okanye zokungahlakuli, zenzo ezo ezithoba iindleko zegalelo.
Ngelishwa umlimi wezityalo eziziinkozo uyinxalenye kamatshini wehlabathi obeka ixabiso ngoko ke, umlimi omnye kuphela akanakukwazi ukuphembelela ukuguquka kwexabiso. Yiloo nto abalimi bekholisa ukubonwa njengabamkeli bamaxabiso kunababeki bamaxabiso ngokunjalo kungenxa yoko isicwangciso-buqili ngommandla wentengiso esikhethwa ngumlimi kufuneka isisigqibo esiqwalaselwe ngokuqaphela, esixhotyiswe ngemfundo nesenziwa ithuba liselihle phambi kwexesha lonyaka lokutyala!
<fn>PulaImvula. Marketing.2008-04.xh.txt</fn>
Isoloko iyinto ephucukileyo into yokufumana ummandla wentengiso yesityalo phambi kokusityala, kodwa baninzi abantu abaqala ngokutyala, ngethemba lokuba baya kufumana ixabiso elihle xa sebesivelisile isityalo. Kwibanga langoku kubalulekile ukuba nesicwangciso sokuthengisa isityalo ngendlela encomeka kangangoko ukuze ufumane imali kangangoko unokufumana ngemveliso.
Isicwangciso sokuthengisa masenziwe ngaxeshanye nesicwangciso sezinto eziphathekayo ezenzelwa imveliso. Izakhono zomvelisi zokuthengisa zibaluleke njengezakhono zokuvelisa imveliso. Ukwandisa izakhono zokuthengisa, kufuneka imbonakalo-luvo yovakalelo neyempumelelo kwaye kufuneka iphuhliswe malunga nokuthengisa. Isicwangciso sobuchule bokuthengisa esisetyenziswa ngumfama othile okanye liqumrhu lokufama siyinxalenye yenyanda esisixa esipheleleyo yolawulo lwemingcipheko esetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwezemali kwithuba elide. Ezolimo zijongene neentlobo ezininzi zokungaqiniseki nemingcipheko. Ukungaqiniseki ngamaxabiso kwenza ukuba kube nzima ukwenza isicwangciso kodwa kube kubalulekile kananjalo isicwangciso sokuthengisa sincedisa umvelisi ukucutha imingcipheko yamaxabiso nangona zingayibhangisi.
Imbonakalo-luvo yakho malunga nokuba semngciphekweni iya kuyichaphazela ngamandla indlela owenza ngayo izigqibo zakho ngokuphathelele nokuthengisa. Kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo xa kwakukho isixokelelwano esilawulwayo sokuthengisa ngexabiso elisisigxina, uninzi lwamafama lwalukhalaza ngokuba alwenzi nzuzo xa lusebenzisa amaxabiso abekiweyo. Njengoko ngoku lingasekho ixabiso elilawulwayo kwaye intengiso iyintengiso ekhululekileyo, amafama amaninzi akhalaza ngokuba imimandla yentengiso ayifikeleleki. Nasiphi isixokelelwano sommandla wentengiso siza nemiceli-mingeni eyiseti kwaye kubalulekile ukuwabamba amathuba avulekayo.
Ukwenza iimpazamo yinxalenye yobomi engenakuthinteleka - ukwenza iimpazamo kumsebenzi wokufama yinxalenye yalo msebenzi. Nangona kunjalo ukuba sisoloko sisenza iimpazamo loo nto ithetha ukuba asiyi phambili; sithetheleka bhetele xa sisenza iimpazamo ezintsha kuphela kuba oko kubonisa ukuya phambili.
Ingaba ubuwachwayitele amaxabiso abesetyenziswa kwithuba elidlulileyo?
Yeyiphi imisebenzi yentengiso esebenze kakuhle?
Kutheni ucinga ukuba isicwangciso sobuchule osisebenzisileyo siqhube kakuhle?
Ngawaphi amaxabiso owasebenzisileyo kanye-kanye xa kuthelekiswa namaxabiso esizwe angawona aphantsi, angawona aphezulu nangawona aqhelekileyo kweli lizwe?
Yeyiphi imisebenzi yentengiso engasebenzanga kakuhle?
Kutheni ezinye zezicwangciso zakho zobuchule zingaqhubanga kakuhle?
Ziintoni iinjongo zakho zoshishino kwiinyanga ezizayo ezilishumi elinesibini nangaphezulu kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo - ezi njongo ziza kusichaphazela njani isicwangciso sokuthengisa?
Ishishini lam lomsebenzi wokufama liqhuba njani?
Uphengulule isimo sezemali seshishini lakho liphelele.
Uqinisekise ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba iingxelo zezinto eziphathekayo nezemali zonyaka odlulileyo, kubandakanywa iindleko zezityalo eziphelela kakhulu emdeni, iingxelo zengeniso, imiqukuqelo yemali esesandleni kunye namacwecwe okulungelelanisa kufuneka egqityezelwe okanye ehlaziyiwe.
Iingxelo zengeniso eziziswe ngaphambili, imiqukuqelo yemali esesandleni kunye namacwecwe okulungelelanisa kunye neendleko zohlalutyo lwengeniso eziphelela kakhulu emdeni, zinako ukulungiselelwa ukubonisa iziphumo zomboniso wamaxabiso ombona ahlukahlukileyo.
Imiqukuqelo yemali esesandleni enganelanga kumaxesha ngamaxesha onyaka iya kunceda ukukubonisa ukuba sesiphi isicwangciso sentengiso esisesona sifanelekileyo onokusilandela.
Isicwangciso semveliso ephathekayo, i-inshorensi nesentengiso sihamba kunye nesicwangciso semali.
Ukuba akunafifi lweendleko ozenze ngesityalo sakho, kunzima ukwazi ukuba yimalini na ekufuneka uyifumene (ngetoni enye) ukuze ukwazi ukufumana inzuzo.
Bala isixa esipheleleyo seendleko zemveliso ngehektare nganye nangetoni enye evelisiweyo.
Thathela ingqalelo iindleko ezingqalileyo - imbewu, isichumiso, i-diesel, izitshabalalisi zokhula, izitshabalalisi zezibulali-zityalo, abasebenzi bamathutyana neinshorensi yesityalo.
Bala icandelwana leendleko ezisisigxina isityalo esingumbona esifanele ukuzithwala kwingqikelelo yesiqabu solungelelwaniso nexabiso lenzuzo ekufuneka lihlangatyeziwe ngentengiso. Iindleko ezisisigxina zibandakanya irhafu, inzala, abasebenzi abasisigxina, umbane (zonke iindleko eziqhubayo nokuba usityalile isityalo okanye akunjalo).
Isiqabu solungelelwaniso sichazwa njengexabiso apho imiba ejingayo engqalileyo nelungeleleneyo esisigxina ihlangatyezwa khona ukuvelisa inzuzo engenasixa sisalayo.
Imveliso yombona ikholisa ukuba yinxalenye yesixokelelwano semveliso yefama ethile. Imveliso yemfuyo ebanzi neyenzisiswayo okanye umsebenzi wokucola nokuba ngowokuxuba umbona ukwenzela imixube yesondlo isenokuba ngumbandela oqhubela phambili umsebenzi wokuvelisa umbona. Umbona kananjalo usenokuba sisityalo esibaluleke kakhulu esisetyenziswa kwisicwangciso somjikeleziso wezityalo owenziwa efama. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuyikhumbula yonke le mibandela xa kusenziwa izibalo zexabiso 'elilelona liphantsi' - khumbula ukubeka ixabiso ngokunjalo kwezinye izinto eziluncedo ekuveliseni isityalo.
Ukwishishini kwaye ukuba kufuneka uhlale kwishishini kufuneka wenze inzuzo kuwo nawumphi umsebenzi owenziwa efama.
Ukuba ngumlimi kunzima kwaye mininzi imibandela ekufuneka igcinwe engqondweni ngesigqibo ngasinye. Ukuba ushiye intengiso yakho kwaye akuqinisekanga ngento omawuyenze, ndwendwela ishishini leZolimo lakho elilelona likufutshane okanye abarhwebi bezityalo eziziinkozo ukuze ufumane icebiso kangangoko unako. Nangona umntu kufuneka ewalumkele amacebiso, bakhona abantu abalungileyo nabathembekileyo phandle apha bakhona abanako ukukunceda ngenene - bafumane!
<fn>PulaImvula. MarketingMaize.2009-10.xh.txt</fn>
Intengiso yokutya iquka yonke imisebenzi yoshishino ebandakanyeka kumqukuqelo wemveliso zokutya neenkonzo ezisuka kubalimi ukuya kubasebenzisi.
Isixokelelwano sentengiso yokutya siluthungelwano lwemijelo exananazileyo nenexabiso eliphezulu, oosomashishini abaphakathi kunye nemisebenzi yokuthengisa ephumeza imveliso, usasazo notshintshiselwano lwenkxaso yokutya kwesizwe. Esi sixokelelwano sandile ngobukhulu nangokubaluleka ngenxa yokukhula kwezolimo kohlobo olulodwa, ukufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini neminye imikhwa yezentlalo-luqoqosho. Intengiso yinkqubo yokuvelisa eyongezelela ukusetyenziswa kohlobo, indawo, ixesha nobunini kwizisetyenziswa zasefama. Ixabiso elongezelelwayo kwinkqubo yokuthengisa ukutya libolekisana neenkqubo zokuvelisa ukutya kumsebenzi wokufama. Inkqubo yentengiso iyiblorho yokuphila phakathi kwabalimi bokutya nabasebenzisi bako kwaye iphenjelelwa yimithombo yezentlalo, ezobugcisa nemithetho kunye nemigaqo yokuphilisana phakathi koluntu. Isixokelelwano sentengiso yokutya sikhule njengempendulo yeemfuno eziguqu-guqukayo zabalimi nabasebenzisi bokutya.
Imisebenzi yentengiso inamanyathelo ahluka-hlukileyo athatyathwa kwintshukumo yemveliso ukusuka kwisimo sokuqala sayo ukuya kwisimo sokugqibela njengemveliso elindele ukusetyenziswa ngabasebenzisi.
Ngoko ke ulawulo lwentengiso luziduba ngenkqubo esuka ekuvunweni kwemveliso ukuya ekuthengisweni kwayo, nokuba isekwisimo esingasetyenzwanga okanye nokuba kukho ixabiso elongezelelweyo, eveliswe efama.
Ulawulo lwesiphumo sabo.
Isakhono sokuthengisa sinesiphumo esibalulekileyo kumaxabiso afunyanwa ngabalimi ukuze nengeniso ibe njalo.
Intengiso ichazwa njengendawo apho abathengisi abanothakazelelo bathi badibane nabathengi abanothakazelelo bagqithisele kubo iimveliso okanye iinkonzo ngexabiso ekuvunyelwene ngalo.
Kukulondoloza kangangoko ngakumbi ukuphucula isiphumo semali nemeko yemali yeshishini.
Ukuphucula umgangatho wokwenza izicwangciso, amalungiselelo, ukuphumeza nokulawula intengiso.
Kukomeleza inkqubo yokwenza isigqibo malunga nolawulo lwentengiso - yintoni, nini kananjalo phi.
Ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka ulwazi olufanelekileyo ngokuthengisa.
Amaxabiso kunye nengeniso zidlala indima ephambili kwizigqibo ezimalunga nokuthengisa. Amaxabiso nengeniso ziphembelela inzuzo nolwabiwo lwemithombo yentengiso. Ixabiso elamkelekileyo lithetha ukuba xa kungekho siphazamiso kumba wentengiso, ixabiso, inqanaba lokusbenzisa imveliso nenqanaba lesiphumo liqikelelwa ngokwemfuno ebangwayo nangokwenkxaso.
Abasebenzisi bemveliso bajongana nengxaki yokukhetha. Abasebenzisi baneemfuno ezininzi, mhlawumbi ezingenamda - kodwa ingeniso ibe inemida. Bazama ukukhetha impahla neenkonzo ezingqalileyo eziya kwanelisa iimfuno zabo ngeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo ngokwemida abazibona beyisikelwe yingeniso. Imfuno ebangwayo yemveliso inokuchazwa njengobudlelwana phakathi kwexaiso nesixa esithengwe kummandla wentengiso ethile.. Umthetho wemfuno ebangwayo uthi ngokuya liba phezulu ixabiso lempahla, kuncinci kuyo okuya kuthengwa, ukuze okuchasene noku kwenzeke xa ixabiso liphantsi. Ngokuya liba phezulu ixabiso, liya ngokuncipha inani labathendi abaya kuba nomdla wokuthenga imveliso ukuze lande inani xa ixabiso liphantsi. Bakhona abantu abaya kuqhuba ngokuthenga, kodwa nabo bathenga izixa ezincinci.
Imfuno ebangwayo bubudlelwana phakathi kwexabiso elihle nesixa esithengiweyo. Ukuba ixabiso lemveliso liyanda ukusuka kwi-R9,00 ukuya kwi-R10,50, abathengi abathengi kakhulu. Basenokwenza isigqibo sokuthenga ii-pizza endaweni yayo. Kanti ukuba ixabiso lehla liye kwi-R7,50 bathi chatha ukuthenga. Isixa esiyimfuno ebangwayo sinxulumene nokuphikisana nexabiso.
Itheyibhile 5.3.1: Isixa semveliso esiyimfuno ebangwayo kumaxabiso ahluka-hlukileyo. Olu nxulumano luzotywe ngokwegrafu kwisazobe 5.3.
Umgca wethambeka elehlayo ophathelele kwixabiso nakwisixa esiyimfuno ebangwayo waziwa ngokuba ligophe lemfuno ebangwayo.
Isixa esiyinkxaso yayo nayiphi imveliso okanye inkonzo sisixa abathengisi abathakazelela kwaye abakwaziyo ukusithengisa ngexabiso elithile.
Nangona imfuno ebangwayo ilunxulumano phakathi kwexabiso lemveliso nesixa esithengwayo, inkxaso lunxulumano phakathi kwexabiso lemveliso nesixa abathengisi abanothakazelelo lokusithengisa. Xa ixabiso lemveliso liphantsi, ukuthengisa imveliso akunanzuzo kwaye sincinci isixa esinikwa njengenkxaso. Xa ixabiso lemveliso linyuka ishishini liba nenzuzo ethe chatha kanti nabathengisi bathi chatha ngokunikela. Ngako oko, isixa esinikwa njengenkxaso sinxulumene ngokugqalileyo nexabiso. Olu nxulumano phakathi kwexabiso nesixa senkxaso lubizwa ngokuba ngumthetho wenkxaso. Cinga ngendlela isixa esinikwa njengenkxaso sahluka ngayo kwixabiso, amaxabiso egalelo asabambeleleyo, ezobugcisa nezinto ezilindelekileyo ezisisigxina. Itheyibhile 5.3.2 Ibonisa isixa see-hamburger esinikelwa njengenkxaso ngumthengisi ngokwamaxabiso ahluka-hlukeneyo. Ngokuya linyuka ixabiso, umlimi unika inkxaso eya ngokuba nkulu ngokwezixa ezikhulu.
Igophe elinxulumene nexabiso nesixa esinikwe njengenkxaso libizwa ngokuba ligophe lenkxso. Inkxaso igobela phezulu kuba ixabiso eliphezulu lithetha isixa esikhulu esinikwa njengenkxaso.
Kwisazobe 5.3.3 amagophe enkxaso nemfuno ebangwayo aboniswa kunye. Qaphela ukuba amagophe enkxaso nemfuno ebangwayo adibana kwindawo enye. Le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba lulungelelwaniso-macala lwentengiso. Ixabiso apho la magophe mabini anqamlezana khona libizwa ngokuba lixabiso lolungelelwaniso-macala, ukuze isixa sibizwe ngokuba sisixa solungelelwaniso-macala.
Kwixabiso lolungelelwaniso-macala, isixa semveliso abathengi abanothakazelelo lokusithenga ncam sihambelana nesixa abathengisi abanothakazelelo nabakwaziyo ukusithengisa. Eli xabiso lolungelelwaniso-macala maxa wambi libizwa ngokuba lixabiso lokususa intengiso kuba, ngokweli xabiso, wonke umntu entengisweni wanelisekile. Abathengi bathenge konke abebefuna ukukuthenga, kanti nabathengisi bathengise konke ebebefuna ukukuthengisa.
Imibandela ephembelela amaxabiso emveliso yezolimo inokwahlulwa ngokwezintlu ezine ezibanzi.
Okokuqala, iimeko zenkxaso eziphembelela amaxabiso eemveliso zezolimo nezityo zibandakanya izigqibo malunga nomsebenzi wemveliso, imozulu, izitshabalalisi-lukhula kunye nezifo, indawo evuniweyo kunye nempahla ethengwa kumazwe angaphandle.
Okwesibini, iimeko zemfuno ebangwayo zibandakanya ingeniso, amaxabiso, iingcamlo kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo, amanani abantu nempahla ethengiselwa amazwe angaphandle.
Icandelo lentengiso yokutya libandakanya uluhlu lwesithathu; liphembelela amaxabiso emveliso yezolimo ngemisebenzi yokongeza ukuxabiseka, amaxabiso, iindlela zobuchule zeendleko nezokwabiwa komsebenzi.
Ekugqibeleni, urhulumente unako ukuphembelela amaxabiso emveliso yezolmo ngenkxaso yamaxabiso, ulawulo lwenkxaso, izibonelelo, umgqaqo-nkqubo wokurhweba, okanye imigaqo-nkqubo ephembelela imfuno ebangwayo yeli lizwe yezityo.
Kwithuba elidlulileyo ezolimo zaseMzantsi Afrika bezisoloko zibonwa njengezimi zodwa nezihamba zodwa phakathi kwezizwe nehlabathi loqoqosho. Njengesiphumo soko, amaxabiso emveliso yezolimo, ngokoke, ingeniso yeemveliso zolimo, beziphenjelelwa ubukhulu becala yimibandela yangaphakathi efana nezigqibo zabavelisi, umgaqonkqubo karhulumente, ezobugcisa kwezolimo, imozulu nemfuno ebangwayo yabaxumi yokutya.
Namhla lo mbono awusasebenzi. Kule mihla yehlabathi le-globe, akukho candela, kubandakanywa nelezolimo elinokuba lilolo ngokupheleleyo nangokugqibeleleyo ehlabathni. Into esandul' ukuqwalaselwa yimfuno yokucutha ungenelelo lukarhulumente kumaxabiso norhwebo ngemveliso yezolimo eMzantsi Afrika. Amaxabiso eemveliso zolimo aseMzantsi Afrika ngoku selengumsebenzi wenkxaso nemfuno ebangwa ehlabathini, ngokunjalo, nenkxaso kunye nemfuno ebangwa kweli lizwe.
Iimeko zeentlobo-ntlobo zinegalelo kumaxabiso emveliso yezolimo angazinzanga. Ngakwicala lenkxaso, iiyantlukwano kwizigqibo ngemveliso yabalimi, imozulu, izitshabalalisi zezityalo kunye nezifo ngokunjalo neziganeko ebezingabonwanga ngaphambili ziphembelela indawo elinyiweyo, izivuno namaxabiso. Abalimi banako ukulawula eminye imibandela yenkxaso, kodwa ingeyiyo yonke. Nangona abalimi bezama ukungqamanisa imfuno ebangwayo nenkxaso, indalo iyazitshintsha izinto. Umlimi unako ukuziqhelanisa ngokweengqikelelo zamaxabiso nezinto ezilindelekileyo ezinxulumene nendawo ekufuneka ilinyiwe nesityalo esihile, kodwa basuke bafumanise kuphela ukuba isivuno sabo sincinci singaphantsi kwesesihelo okanye iimeko zokukhulisa zenze uchatha kodwa othengiseka ngamaxabiso aphantsi, okanye ibe imveliso ithengwe kwamanye amazwe ngamaxabiso aphantsi.
Iiyantlukwano zamaxabiso zikholisa ukwenziwa ngamalinge abalimi ukwandisa okanye ukucutha imveliso. Ixabiso eliphantsi okanye eliphezulu kwezolimo lisuka lizilungise. Kukholisa ukuba kubekho ukubambezeleka okulindelekileyo kwezolimo okuthintela umlimi ekusebenzeni kwangoko malunga neenguqu zamaxabiso. Kukuziphatha jikelele kwabalimi bonke okuphembelela amaxabiso.
Imibandela enxulumene nemfuno ebangwayo nayo inegalelo kwiiyanlukwano zamaxabiso kwezolimo. Ubudlelwana borhwebo lwehlabathi lunxulumanisa abalimi nemimandla yeentengiso yaseMzantsi Afrika nabasebenzisi bemveliso kunye nabalimi kulo lonke ihlabathi. Njengesiphumo soko, iiyantlukwano kumaxabiso ehlabathi zinamandla eempembelelo zangoko kumaxabiso eli lizwe. UMzantsi Afrika unendima engephi kwimimandla yehlabathi ukwenzela imithombo yezolimo, njengoko impahla yethu esiyithengisa ngaphandle nesuka indawana encinci yorhwebo lwelizwe okanye nokuba yimpahla engundoqo ethengiswa kumazwe angaphandle, efana norhwebo lombona igqweswa yi-USA, ngoboya igqweswe yiAustralia ukuze ngewayini yoyiswe yiFransi. Iimeko kummandla wentengiso wehlabathi zineempembelelo ezinkulu kumaxabiso eli lizwe.
Ingeniso yeli lizwe yabasebenzisi bemveliso, iimeko zengqesho nezoshishino ziphembelela imfuno ebangwayo nexabiso lokutya.
Kwibanga elikulo icandelo lemveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo, abavelisi bajongene nonxunguphalo njengoko bengasakwazi kuvelisa iinkozo ngokwamaxabiso angoku. Iindleko zamagalelo zidlula ixabiso leenkozo eziveliswayo.
Umsebenzi wokufama lishishini, kwaye ngalo naliphi ishishini, ukuba iinzuzo azifumaneki, ishishini elo kufuneka livale. Abavelisi baseMzantsi Afrika bondla isizwe, kwaye ukuba amashishini alo ayavala, baza kutya ntoni abantu. Impendulo ecacileyo yeyokuba siya kuthenga ukutya esikufunayo ngaphandle,. Oku yinyaniso, kodwa ke ukutya okuthengwa ngaphandle, kufuna utshintshiselwano lwangaphandle (imali) ukuze kuhlawulwe amaxabiso ako okuthenga ngaphandle. Kwilizwe ngalinye kukho into ebizwa ngokuba 'lulungelelwaniso lwentlawulo', kanti lona lulungelelwaniso phakathi kwemali efunyanwa lilizwe ngokuthengisa ngaphandle, kunye nemali echithwa lilizwe ngokuthenga ngaphandle. Ukuba asinako okwanele ukuthengisa ngaphandle ukuze sizuze kutshintshiselwano lwangaphandle, ilizwe lethu alisayi kuba nemali elingeneyo yokuthenga ukutya okufunwa ngabantu ukuze oku kube neempembelelo kukhuselo lokutya kwesizwe.
Kwithuba langoku, indawo yentengiso ibeka uMzantsi Afrika emngciphekweni wonqongophalo lokutya kwesizwe - ilizwe lethu linesakhono sokuvelisa ukutya esikufunayo, nentsalela esiyithengisela amazwe asingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba kubekh into eyenziwayo ngamaxabiso afunyanwa ngabavelisi beenkozo, oku akusayi kuqhuba ithuba elide. Ingxaki yenzuzo ichaphazela abalimi abarhwebayo nabasaphuhlayo - bonke kufuneka bafumane inzuzo. Masijonge izinto ngendlela eyiyo malunga nomsebenzi wokuvelisa iinkozo - kutheni amaxabiso ephantsi kangaka kwaye urhulumente uza kwenza ntoni ukukhusela abalimi bethu - umthombo wokutya neentsinga zethu?
<fn>PulaImvula. Measure.2007-12.xh.txt</fn>
Kudala-dala, phambi kokuba ezolimo zibe lishishini lorhwebo elibalaseleyo, abalimi babengayenzi kangako imilinganiselo.
Babesebenzisa umgquba emasimini abo - kangangoko banako, okanye kangangoko babenokuwusasaza phambi kokufika kwexesha lokuvuna. Babesebenzisa izilwanyana ukuze batsale ikhuba liye nzulu - njengehashe, idonki okanye inkabi yenkomo ibikwazi. Imbewu bebeyihlwayela ngesandla beyikha engxoweni ababeyiqhoboshela ecaleni kubo - bayisasaze kangangoko isandla sinokwenza. Ukhula babeluncothula ngesandla, betshabalalisa izibulali zezityalo nangayiphi indlela ababenokwenza ngayo kananjalo babevuna ngezandla - bengazi ncam nokuba zingaphi iihektare abazilimileyo, kwaye bengazi nokuba zingakanani iinkozo abazivunileyo. Inye kuphela into ababeyazi yayikukuba ingaba isivuno sabo siya kulingana na njengesondlo seentsapho zabo nesemfuyo yabo kunyaka ozayo. Khangela ke indlela eziguquke ngayo izinto ngoku...
Namhla kufuneka silinganise - kuba ngokuya silinganisa sibala, sifumana okuchaneke ngokuthe chatha ngokunjalo imeko siyilawula kakuhle ngaphezulu kumsebenzi wokufama. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxoxa ngezinto ezithile thina mafama esifanele ukuzilinganisa.
Kufuneka sibazi ubukhulu bamasimi esiza kuwalima. Zonke izibalo zezixa zamandla etrektara, i-diesel, imbewu, isichumiso nemichiza esiza kuyisebenzisa ngexesha lonyaka zisekwe kubukhulu bentsimi.
Imihlaba ineeyantlukwano ezininzi kakhulu, malunga nobunzulu obufunekayo nangokwesimo. Kufuneka silwazi uhlobo nobunzulu bomhlaba kwintsimi nganye esiyilimayo - musa ukucinga ukuba imihlaba iyafana! Uhlobo kunye nobunzulu bomhlaba budlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwizigqibo ngesityalo esinokutyalwa - ezinye zezityalo azinakulinywa kwimihlaba engekho nzulu. Ukuba kuyenzeka ukuba kuthi kanti unemihlaba engekho nzulu, asiyontlekele leyo - oko kuthetha kuphela ukuba kuya kufuneka wenze isigqibo ngezityalo onokuzilimela inzuzo kuloo mhlaba (kungenjalo, amadlelo onokuwalima ukuze usebenzise amasimi angachumanga ngendlela ezisa inzuzo).
Zonke izityalo zitsala izondlo emhlabeni ukuze zikhule ziphuhle. Eminye imibandela efana nemvula namanzi aqukuqela emhlabeni ineempembelelo kwizondlo ezikhoyo emhlabeni. Ngokuthatha iisampulu zomhlaba, umlimi uyakwazi ukuhlalutya isimo sezondlo ezisemhlabeni, ngokunjalo nesimo se-pH yomhlaba (lo ngumlinganiselo wobumuncu bomhlaba). Ukuba umhlaba umuncu kakhulu, nangona izondlo zisenokuba khona emhlabeni, azisayi kufumaneka kwizityalo. Ngaphandle kokwazi isimo somhlaba, asisayi kukwazi ukubala uhlobo nesixa sesichumiso esifunekayo sokuvelisa isityalo.
Zonke izityalo zinemida ethile yobushushu ezinokuyinyamezela. Kufuneka siwazi amaqondo obushushu angawona asezantsi nangawona aphezulu esinokuwalindela kunyaka uphelele, nethuba esinokulindela kulo iiqabaka zokuqala. Sakuba sifumene olu lwazi, siya kukwazi ukubona ukuba sesiphi isityalo esinokusilima, isityalo esingumhlanganisela esiwafanele kakhulu amaqondo ethu obushushu ngokunjalo nobude bexesha lethu lonyaka. (Khumbula ukuba ixesha lonyaka lokukhula lixesha elisuka ekutyalweni kwesityalo ukuya kwithuba lokuvuthwa kwesityalo - umhla weqabaka yokuqala elindelekileyo kummandla othile ubonisa ubude bexesha lonyaka lokukhula).
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba ingakanani imvula yonyaka yendawo yakho nokuba amathuba omileyo anokulindeleka nini. Sonke siyazi ukuba asinalulawulo phezu kwemvula, kodwa sinako ukusebenzisa ubalo lwamanani asisiqhelo ngezizathu zocwangciso. Namhla, iingqikelelo zemozulu zichaneka kakuhle kakhulu kananjalo amathuba aqubulisayo okoma namanzi aqikelelwa kwiinyanga ezingaphambi kokuba oko kwenzeke. - olu lwazi kufuneka ulusebenzise ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ukulinganisa imvula akunzimanga (izilinganiso zeplastikhi ziyafumaneka kwaye zinokusasazwa kuyo yonke indawo yefama yakho). Emva kwemvula nganye enileyo unako ukulinganisa ukuba ingakanani imvula enileyo uze uyibhale phantsi. Imilimitha nganye yemvula ewa emhlabeni ize iwumanzise nje kancinci - kufuneka uyilinganise imvula ukuze ube nengqikelelo yokuba ingaba umhlaba ufumene ukufuma ukufikelela phi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutyala inani elichanekileyo lembewu ngehektare nganye ukuze ufumane inani elifanelekileyo lezityalo kwihektare nganye. Elona nani lifanelekileyo lezityalo ngehektare nganye liyahluka ngendawo nganye ngokunjalo nangemihlaba eyahlukahlukileyo kwindawo enye. Isizathu sokuqatshelwa kokubaluleka kwamanani ezityalo kukuba isityalo sifuna isixa esithile samanzi nezondlo ukuze sikwazi ukuvelisa ngokwaneleyo - ukuba zimbalwa kakhulu izityalo isityalo ngasinye asinako ukuvelisa okwaneleyo ngesivuno esinqwenelekayo kanti ukuba izityalo zininzi kakhulu ziyakhuphisana zizodwa zifuna amanzi nezondlo kwaye azinakuvelisa isivuno esinqwenelekayo. Umfama kufuneka abazi ububanzi bemiqolo nokuba kufuneka imbewu iqelelane kangakanani emqolweni - oku ngumbandela obaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo.
Izityalo zifuna izondlo ukuze zikhule kwaye zivelise izityalo eziziinkozo. Isixa sezondlo ezifunekayo salathwa sisivuno ekujoliswe kuso (isivuno esisiso umfama ajonge kuso kwintsimi ethile ngesityalo esithile). Iziphumo zesampulu yomhlaba ziya kunika isimo sangoku sezondlo ezisemhlabeni, kwaye ngokunxulumene noku, isixa sezondlo ekufuneka songeziwe sinokubalwa. Isichumiso siyimfuneko enkulu ukwenzela imveliso yesityalo, kodwa sikwalixabiso eliphezulu kakhulu, yiloo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukubala esona sixa sithe ncam sesichumiso esifunekayo ukuze ke ufake eso sixa ncam.
Nanku omnye umba ofuna umsebenzi wokulinganisa ngendlela ebaluleke kakhulu. Yonke le michiza iza neengcebiso zesantya sokuyifaka. Oku kubalwa ngokuqaphela ukuqinisekisa ukuba umfama uyayiphumeza injongo yokutshiza ngaphandle kokonakalisa isityalo okanye imo engqongileyo. Isantya sokufaka imichiza sikholisa ukubandakanya isantya samanzi ekufuneka sisetyenziswe ngehektare nganye ngokunjalo - umzekelo, ilitha e-1 yomchiza kwiilitha ezingama-250 zamanzi ngehektare nganye (nako oku ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo wokulinganisa). Imichiza esetyenziswa kumsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo iyingozi kwaye inexabiso eliphezulu ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba isetyenziswe ngokwamacebiso anikiweyo. Ukuphawulwa kwemilinganiselo kwisitshizi lelinye ikhonkco elibalulekileyo kwityathanga lomsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo).
Emva kwawo wonke umsebenzi onzima uzuze isivuno esingakanani kwihektare nganye Mninzi kakhulu umsebenzi ongathandekiyo ofunekayo ukuze kuveliswe isityalo kanti ekupheleni kwakho konke, kubalulekile ukuba uyazi ncam indlela obe nempumelelo ngayo. Uqale ngomhlaba - waza wawuhlakula umhlaba, waza ke ngoko wenza isigqibo ngesityalo oza kusityala, umhlanganisela oza kuwusebenzisa, isixa sesichumiso ofanele ukusifaka, imichiza oza kuyisebenzisa nesixa somchiza ngamnye - konke oku kuthathe ithuba, amandla kunye nemali eninzi. Kodwa ekugqibeleni uba nesityalo osivunayo nosithengisayo - kufuneka ubale ukuba ingaba itoni nganye ikunike iindleko ezingakanani ngokunjalo nengeniso oyifumeneyo ukuze ubone ukuba ingaba imizamo yakho ikunike inzuzo engakanani nokuba ayibanga khona na inzuzo?
Kwinkqubo yethu yoPhuhliso lwamaFama, sidibana neqela lamafama angaqinisekanga ngobukhulu bamasimi abawatyalayo, uhlobo nobunzulu bomhlaba, isimo sezondlo zomhlaba, isichumiso abanenjongo yokusisebenzisa, inani lezityalo abalinqwenelayo okanye isixa semichiza abanesicwangciso sokuyifaka. Amafama kufuneka alinganise - alinganise intsimi, umhlaba, izondlo, imvula, amaqondo obushushu, inani lezityalo, isantya sokufaka isichumiso, ukufakwa kwezitshabalalisi zokhula nezinambuzane nesivuno. Ngale ndlela uya kuba usendleleni yokuba ngumfama ongumrhwebi.
<fn>PulaImvula. MeasurementOpot.2008-10.xh.txt</fn>
Kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahluka-hlukileyo zokulinganisa imbewu ngohlobo lwe-meter ukuqinisekisa izithuba ezichanekileyo phakathi kwembewu. Esona sixhobo siqheleke kakhulu yipleyiti nohlobo olungumngxum (oluboniswa ngezantsi).
Idiski yokulinganisa ngohlobo lwe-meter inesangqa semingxuma, ingulowo mkhulu nje ngokwaneleyo ukulingana iqhekeza lembewu enye ngexesha elinye. Xa idiski ijikeleza, itshebelezela kwipleyiti esisiseko, yona enomngxuma omnye kuphela. Inxalenye yediski igqunyiwe kwaye esi sigqumathelo sinesikhuhli sokukhuhla nayiphi imbewu engafunekiyo esanamathele phezu kwembewu esemngxunyeni, lo gama idiski ijikelezayo. Kananjalo phakathi kwesigqumathelo kukho umnwe othwele isipringi, otshebeleza kwidiski ukuze utyhalele imbewu ngaphandle komngxuma njengoko imbewu idlulela ngaphaya kwendlela yokuphuma kwipleyiti esisiseko ngezantsi kwediski. Ubume nobukhulu bemingxuma yediski bubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba liqhekeza lembewu enye kuphela eliya kungena emngxunyeni nokuthintela imbewu ukuba inganamatheli lo gama kulindeleke ukuba iwe.
Zimbini iintlobo zezixhobo zokutyala emoyeni - esinye sinoxinzelelo olutsalayo (sifunxa ukuze kwenzeke isithuba esithi sitsalele imbewu ngasemngxunyeni). Ubukhulu bembewu abubalulekanga njengezixhobo zokutyala eziyipleyiti - isithuba esidalekileyo sifunxela imbewu ngasemngxunyeni, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bungakanani ubukhulu bembewu. Isixa sembewu etyaliweyo sixhomekeke kwisantya sepleyiti ejikelezayo.
Esona sixhobo sixhaphakileyo sokulinganisa nge-meter yi-auger okanye uhlobo lwesikrufu. I-auger isemazantsi esitsibisi sesichumiso. I-auger ikholisa ukujikeleziswa lityathanga eliqhubayo ukusuka kwivili eliqhubayo lomhlaba. Njengoko ijikeleza, isichumiso sibambeka phakathi kwezixhobo zeefluti ze-auger ze zikrwele ukuya ngasekugqibeleni kwisiphelo sesitsibisi.
Indlela ekuphela kwayo yokulungelelanisa uhlobo lwe-meter kukuguqula amazinyo amavili amatyathanga phakathi kwevili eliqhubayo ne-auger.
Isixhobo sokulinganisa ngediski sithandwa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokutyala ezingenabugocigoci nezinexabiso eliphantsi. Ukulinganisa ngediski asisosixhobo sokulinganisa nge-meter esixinzelelayo. Kakhulu, isichumiso siqukuqela siphume ngesitsibisi sesichumiso kodwa sincedwa ngumjikeleziso wediski. Umphembeleli luqolo kwidiski kananjalo uvunguzelisa isichumiso ukuze oko kusincede ukuba sishukume ukuya ngaphandle.
Okunye ukumisela kuphunyezwa ngokulungelelanisa umlomo wesango elitshebelezayo.
Isixhobo sokulinganisa ngevili lenkwenkwezi naso ngumxokomelwano oxinzelelayo wohlobo lwe-meter.
Ivili lenkwenkwezi lihlala ngaphakathi kwesitsibisi ngendlela eyenza ukuba iminwe ijikeleze ngokungaphelelanga ngaphandle kwesitsibisi.
Phakathi kwesitsibisi, isichumiso sibambeka phakathi kweminwe yevili, kwaye xa sijikeleza, isichumiso sitsalelwa ngaphandle kwesitsibisi siwele kwityhubhu yesikhokelo.
Ukuguqula amazinyo amavili etyathanga eliqhubayo ukuze ivili lijike ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokucotha okuthe chatha.
Ukuguqula ivili lenkwenkwezi ngelinye leminwe emide kratya okanye emifutshane ngokuthe chatha.
Amanye amavili enkwenkwezi asenokuba nesango elitshebelezayo njengenxalenye yokulinganisa idiski. Ukuvula isango elitshebelezayo kuya kuvumela isichumiso esithe chatha ukuba sigqithe.
Njengoko seziqapheleka iinxalenye zesixhobo sokutyala, kananjalo neziseko zezixokomelwano zembewu nezichumiso ze-meter, - kuvela umbuzo othi, ingaba zonke ezi nxalenye zijika njani?
Isixokomelwano se-meter sikholisa ukuqhutywa ukusuka kwivili elinika inkxaso kwisixhobo sokutyala. Amavili okuxinzelela akholisa ukuba nawo asetyenziswe njengamavili okuqhuba nanjengamavili anika inkxaso. Maxa wambi kusetyenziswa ivili lohlobo olulodwa eligxunyekwe kwisixhobo sokutyala. Eli vili mhlawumbi linzima ngokwaneleyo ukuze lifumane ukutsaleka okwaneleyo, okanye lityhalelwa ezantsi ngesipringi. Kwakhona kuye kusetyenziswe imiqheba yokuqinisa okanye imitya yohlobo olulodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ivili aliphuncuki kakhulu.
Isantya sokujikela kwevili lokuqhuba sixhomekeke kwisantya setrektara - ngokuya ikhawuleza itrektara, ivili lokuqhuba nalo lijika ngokukhawuleza okuthe chatha. Isixokomelwano seegiyeri, amazinyo amavili kunye namatyathanga asetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isantya semijikelo yeentsebenzo-matshini zembewu, kanti esinye isixokomelwano seegiyeri, amazinyo amavili namatyathanga sisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isantya semijikelo yentsebenzo-matshini yesichumiso.
Qaphela ukuba iintlobo ezahluka-hlukeneyo zezixhobo zokutyala zineentsebenzo-matshini ezahluka-hlukeneyo - umzekelo, ezinye zinezixhathiso ezinokumiselwa mhlawumbi zikwazi ukuphembelela umqukuqelo wembewu nesichumiso.
Ukuphembelela isantya seentsebenzo-matshini, ulinganiselo lweegiyeri luyasetyenziswa - lo ngumgaqo-siseko obalulekileyo ekufuneka uqondiwe.
<fn>PulaImvula. Mechanisation.2008-04.xh.txt</fn>
Izixhobo: ezizezakho, oziqeshileyo okanye nezangaphandle?
Umlimi wanamhla usoloko ezabalazela isakhono esithe chatha nesincomekayo malunga nokusetyenziswa okukuko kweetrektara, oomatshini bokuvuna noomatshini abanxulumeneyo.
Oku yinyaniso yenene xa kubhekiselelwa kwimisebenzi yokulima. Iziganeko zophuhliso zanamhla malunga noomatshini abatsha, abanokubonwa ngoSuku loKuvuna lweNAMPO ngonyaka ngamnye, zibonisa umkhwa wokwanda kwesantya se-horsepower okanye se-kilowatt soomatshini abaqhutywa ngenjini basefama. Oku kubandakanya ubukhulu nesakhono soomatshini, nokuba yitrektara, umenzi ozinikeleyo we-silage eziqhubayo, ikhuba elitsalwa ngesixhobo elenza imiqolo emininzi okanye amakhuba ezikotile ezinezithuba ezibanzi.
Iindleko zokuba noomatshini abangabakho nokuthenga abanye endaweni yabadala, ngokunjalo imisebenzi neendlela zokulima zanda ngokukhawuleza. Iindleko zokungahlakuli kwangethuba zisenokuba sisityalo esiphosakeleyo okanye isivuno sesityalo esinganeno kwesiqhelekileyo.
Ukuze sifikelele kumanqanaba esijolise kuwo emveliso yesityalo nezinye iimveliso njengoko kuchazwe kwisicwangciso somsebenzi wokufama, ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yobutyebi neyezemali ekujoliswe kuyo, kubalulekile ukwenza isicwangciso esingqonge isakhono sezixhobo ezikhoyo. Emva kokugqitywa kokubala izixhobo ezikhoyo umfama uya kuba elwazi udidi nobukhulu beetrektara ezikhoyo kunye nesantya se-kilowatt setrektara nganye.
Ubukhulu beetrektara kunye nesakhono sazo sokutsala okanye isiphumo somsebenzi kufuneka zihlalutywe kunye nobukhulu nesakhono sezixhobo ezikhoyo. Emva kokuba oku kwenziwe, isiphumo malunga nexesha elithatyathwe ngokulima, ukukrazula umhlaba, ukuwuqhekeza, ukulima nokutyala kunokulinganiswa.
Umfama unako ke ngoko ukwenza izigqibo eziliqela zokuba ingaba unazo na izixhobo ezaneleyo okanye akunjalo. Kuseokufuneka ukuba athenge isakhono esongezelelweyo okanye aqeshe ababhambathiswa ukwenza imisebenzi ethile esentloko. Umzekelo, kusenokonga imali ngakumbi ukuqesha umbhambathiswa, onetrektara enkulu nesixhobo esingqinelanayo, sokulima okwenziwa kuqala, ukukrazula umhlaba nzulu okanye imisebenzi yokuwuqhekeza. Umfama unako ukugqibezela imisebenzi elandeliswayo yokuhlakula ngokusebenzisa isixhobo esisesakhe nesincinci xa kunokwenzeka. Nceda bhekiselela "Kwizifundo Ngababhambathiswa" ngolwazi oluthe chatha.
Umfama makenze isigqibo phakathi kokuba ngumnini wazo zonke izixhobo ukuze agqibezele imisebenzi ecwangciselweyo kuselithuba, ukuqesha izixhobo ezisecaleni ezifunekayo okanye ukusebenzisa ababhambathiswa. Iindleko ezisisigxina zobunini zazo zonke izixhobo, ngakumbi malunga namafama asaqalayo, ngokwemigqaliselo yokuhla kwamaxabiso, iirafu, ikhusi, i-inshorensi nenzala mazithathelwe ingqalelo. Uxanduva lwezemali olukwishishini lokuhlawula imali-mboleko eyenziwe ngenjongo yokufumana izixhobo ezongezelelweyo alufuneki kwaye lubeka ishishini esichengeni esikhulu sengxaki yemali. Nangona kunjalo, ukunngophala kwezixhobo kusenokuthetha ukungazifumani izityalo ezityaliweyo okanye ezivunwayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Mechanisation.2009-11.xh.txt</fn>
Ulawulo lokusebenzisa oomatshini - luxanduva lukabani?
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uye waba nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo lokufumana iitrektara nezixhobo zokulima ezivela kwiSebe lezoLimo, okanye mhlawumbi kwelinye iqumrhu. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba wena ngokwakho ube akuzinikwanga izixhobo, kodwa ulindeleke ukuba wabelane ngazo nabanye abavelisi. Oku kunzima. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba unethamsanqa elithe chatha xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abaninzi abangenalufikelelo kwiitrektara nakwizixhobo kwaphela.
Ukusetyenziswa koomatshini yintsikelelo, kodwa kufuna ulawulo. Kukho iintlobo zoxanduva ezifanele ukuthwalwa nguye wonke ubani obandakanyeka ekubasebenziseni. Izenzo zolawulo ezibonisa ukukhathala makuxoxwe ngazo ukuze emva koko nithathe izigqibo njengeqela - kufuneka nivumelane ngendlela yokwenza zonke izinto, kwaye kufuneka niqiniseke ukuba wonke umntu kwiqela lenu uvumelana ngenqaku ngalinye ukuze nikwazi ukuphumeza izigqibo zenu emva koko.
Ingaba abantu kufuneka bekuhlawulele ukusebenzisa izixhobo, ukuba kunjalo, kutheni?
Kufuneka abantu behlawule bani xa befuna ukusebenzisa izixhobo?
Ukuba kufuneka behlawule, iza kubalwa njani intlawulo - ngeyure okanye ngehektare?
Baninzi abantu abafuna ukusebenzisa izixhobo ngosuku olunye.
Omnye umvelisi unamasimi amaninzi kwaye ufuna ukuwasebenza onke amasimi akhe - kanti abanye abavelisi banentsimi enye encinci kuphela. Zingaphi iihektare ezinokusetyenziswa ngumntu omnye?
Abasebenzisi baza kuyifumana phi idiesel Ingaba umntu ngamnye kufuneka athenge isiphathi esincinci esizeleyo kwigaraji yendawo ahlala kuyo, okanye ingaba iqela liza kuba netanki enkulu apho linokumpompa khona idiesel?
Ukuba idiesel iziswa ngesixa esikhulu, ngubani oza kuthwala uxanduva lokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Ngubani umntu onenkathalo?
Idiesel iza kuthengwa kwaye iphinde ithengiswe ngexabiso elifanayo, okanye ingaba iqela linenzuzo encinci eliza kuyenza, enokusetyenziselwa ukuhlawula iindleko ezithile zolondolozo?
Ukuba kukho into eyaphukileyo kwitrektara, ngubani othwala uxanduva lokukhandwa kwayo?
Emva kokusebenzisa itrektara, ingaba itrektara kufuneka ibuyiswe ngetanki yediesel ezeleyo na?
Abaqhubi betrektara - ingaba inokuqhutywa nangubani, okanye ingaba kufuneka kubekho umqhubi obekiweyo, okanye obona buncinci, nokuba ngubani onemvume yokuqhuba itrektara?
Ingaba izixhobo zinikwe bani?
Ingaba "abanini" sebezichonge ngokwamagama abo o.k.t. ingaba esi sixhobo sifanele ukusetyenziswa linani labantu eliqingqiweyo kuphela, okanye nabani phakathi kwabahlali bephelele banokusisebenzisa?
Yintoni injongo ephambili yesi sixhobo Kufuneka sisebenze imihlaba enokulinywa, okanye ingaba sisenokusetyenziswa kananjalo ngeenjongo zothutho?
Ingaba kufuneka sigcinwe phi isixhobo - kwishedi enokufikelelwa nguye wonke umntu, okanye kumakhaya abantu ngabanye?
Iitrektara ziza kuyifumana phi inkonzo yohlaziyo?
Ngubani oza kugcina ingxelo yokuba iitrektara ziyinikwe nini inkonzo yohlaziyo?
Ingaba abanini bayalwazi uxanduva lwabo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo?
Ingaba iinkqubo zisekwe kakuhle malunga nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo?
Ngubani onokusebenzisa izixhobo, kwaye nini?
Ngubani onokubhexesha ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo?
Iindleko zihlawulwa njani?
Iinkonzo zohlaziyo nokukhanda?
Ukufakelwa kweetrektara nezixhobo endaweni yezikhutshiweyo?
I-inshorensi kwiitrektara nezixhobo?
Uvavanyo lwemeko yezixhobo?
Iintlobo zobhambathiso nababhexeshi Ukuba umntu uhlawulelwa ukuqhuba njl.njl?
Iinkqubo malunga nokufakwa kwemilinganiselo kwizitshizi nezixhobo zokutyala?
Ulawulo emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye - umzekelo, emva kokutshiza intsimi, makugcinwe ingxelo yemichiza ekufuneka ifakiwe?
Ukunikwa kwenkxaso nentlawulo yediesel?
Ngubani onayo imfanelo yokuqhuba itrektara Ngubani onokucelwa ukuqhuba itrektara?
Ingaba kukho naluphi uqeqesho ekufuneka lufunyenwe ngababhexeshi?
Ngubani oza kwenza uqeqesho malunga nokusetyenziswa kwetrektara ngokwendlela esekwe kwincwadi yoqeqesho lombhexeshi?
Luxanduva lukabani ulawulo lwababhexeshi?
Ingaba itrektara nganye inomqhubi omnye kuphela, okanye ingaba ngabantu abahluka-hlukeneyo abaqhuba itrektara ngamaxesha ahluka-hlukeneyo?
Ukuba kukho ngaphezu komqhubi omnye, ngubani onoxanduva lwetrektara?
Ngubani onomthwalo wokuqwalasela itrektara ngentsasa nganye phambi kokuba iye emasimini?
Ngubani ekufuneka eqinisekise ukuba imeko yemihla ngemihla yeetrektara isemgangathweni?
Ingaba kukho izixhobo kunye nezibonelelo zokucoca iitrektara nezixhobo?
Iingxaki naziphi kufuneka zixelwe kubani?
Zeziphi iinkqubo ekufuneka zilandelwe xa kukhandwa iimposiso?
<fn>PulaImvula. MechanisationMaize.2009-05.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuba unenjongo yokuba ngumlimi wezityalo orhwebayo, akusayi kuba kudala phambi kokuba uqonde ukubaluleka koomatshini - iitrektara, izixhobo zokusebenza noomatshini. Ekuqaleni, xa usebenza ngomhlaba omncinci kakhulu, usenokuba nako ukuwenza ngesandla umsebenzi, okanye usenokusebenzisa itrektara yezilwanyana (iidonki okanye iinkabi zeenkomo). Nangona kunjalo, wakuba uqalile ukusebenza inani elikhulu leehektare, uya kunqwenela ukusebenzisa oomatshini ukuze wenze umsebenzi othe chatha ngethutyana elingephi.
Sifumanise ukuba baninzi abalimi abangakwazi kuqhuba ngomsebenzi kuba mhlawumbi bengakwazi kufikelela kwiitrektara nakoomatshini abaneleyo, okanye ngenxa yemeko esilelayo yezi zixhobo. Itrektara ayinamsebenzi kumlimi xa ingakwazi kusebenza - nangasiphi isizathu.
Ukuqwalasela amanqanaba eoyile namanzi.
Ukufumana irekhodi yeenkonzo ezenziwe kwitrektara.
Ukukhangela imeko yamathayara.
Ukukhangela iindawo ezivuza ioyile - makungabikho zindawo zivuzayo.
Qalisa itrektara uze umamele injini.
Yindulule uze uqwalasele ukusebenza kweklatshi kunye neegiyeri.
Ingaba iyasebenza na i-PTO?
Ingaba zonke iigeyiji nezikhanyisi zokulumkisa ziyasebenza na?
Tsala isixhobo segajethi uze ujonge ukuba ingaba itrektara inawo na amandla.
Qinisekisa uhlobo lwentsebenzo-matshini yesixhobo sokutyala - ingaba sisixhobo sokutyala esiyipleyiti na, isixhobo sokutyala esisebenza ngomoya na okanye intsebenzo-matshini esabuminwe na?
Isixhobo sokutyala sityala imiqolo emingaphi?
Hakisha isixhobo sokutyala kwitrektara. Faka imbewu nesichumiso kwiifaneli. Qhuba itrektara kumgama omalunga neemitha ezili-10 uze uqinisekise ukuba yonke imiqolo iyasebenza. Ukuba imbewu kunye okanye isichumiso aziphumi ngendlela efunekayo, qwalasela ngokuqaphela iindawo ezishukumayo ukuchonga ingxaki.
Qinisekisa ukuba kukho iipleyiti ezongezelelweyo zesixhobo sokutyala (xa isisixhobo sokutyala esiyipleyiti).
Phambi kokuhakisha isitshizi, qwalasela inqanaba leoyile empompini.
Hakisha isitshizi uze usinxulumanise kwi-PTO. Sebenzisa isitshizi uze uqwalasele ukuba yonke imilomo iyatshiza.
Ukuba kukho iingxaki, fumanisa ingxaki - ingaba yimpompo, sisihluzi okanye yimilomo?
Ukuba isitshizi asikho kwimeko yokusebenza, ingaba sinako na ukukhandwa?
Hlola isakhelo - ingaba sigobile okanye sineentanda na (Khangela iziva zokutywina)?
Hlola zonke iibholiti neendawo zoqhagamshelwano.
Hlola iindawo ezidibana nomhlaba (izikere okanye iidiski) - ingaba zifuna ukususwa kufakwe ezinye endaweni yazo?
Hlola imibhobho neempompo ezisebenza ngamanzi - ingaba zikwimeko entle yokusebenza kwaye azinazindawo ezivuzayo na?
Hlola amavili asebenza uthutho - qwalasela uxinzelelo lwamathayara.
Qwalasela iibheringi kwiigajethi - ingaba yonke into ifakwe igrisi kwaye zikwimeko yokusebenza?
Qinisekisa ukuba wenza uvavanyo locoselelo lwazo zonke iitrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza ukuze ungenzi linge lokusebenza umhlaba omkhulu ngaphezu kokuba zinokukuvumela izixhobo zakho. Kubhetele ukufumana inzuzo kwiihektare ezimbalwa kunokufumana ilahleko kwiihektare ezininzi zomhlaba. Into efunekayo kukusebenza umhlaba omkhulu kangangoko unokuwusebenza ngocoselelo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Member(maize).2011-04-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ndingaba lilungu laseGrain SA njani?
Nawuphi umntu ongumlimi wezityalo eziziinkozo unako ukuba lilungu leGrain South Africa. Kukho iintlobo ezahluka-hlukileyo zokuba lilungu lalo mbutho, kodwa ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo ngamalungu apheleleyo orhwebo namalungu amaqela ofundo-nzulu.
Iintlawulo ezenziwayo ukuze umntu abe lilungu elipheleleyo lorhwebo yiR2 ngetoni nganye yeetoni zokutya okuziinkozo okukhutshwayo, ukuze eyona ntlawulo incinci ibe ngama-R570 (kubandakanywa i-VAT).
Kukho ukuba lilungu leqela lofundo-nzulu eliyi-R10 ngelungu ngalinye leqela lofundo-nzulu ngonyaka. Xa kukho abantu abanomnqweno wokwenza iqela lofundo-nzulu ukuze babe ngamalungu eGrain SA, nceda qhagamshelana noMphathi woPhuhliso ongoyena ukufuphi, baphathi abo banamagama neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano kwiphepha elingasemva kwale leta yeendaba. Injongo yala maqela ofundo-nzulu kukubamba iintlanganiso rhoqo apho kuxoxwa khona yonke imiba yomsebenzi wokuvelisa ukutya okuziinkozo. Ukuba lilungu leqela lofundo-nzulu kukwathetha ukufikelela kwizifundo ezininzi zoqeqesho ezinikwa yiGrain SA kunyaka uphelele.
Sinethemba lokuba liya kuthi chatha inani labalimi abasaphuhlayo abaya kuba ngamalungu apheleleyo orhwebo eGrain SA ngokuhlawula umrhumo wawo we-R2 ngetoni nganye yeetoni abazivunayo. IGrain SA iyakufuna ukuba ube lilungu ukuze sithathe inxaxheba simele bonke abalimi baseMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>PulaImvula. Miss(maize).2010-10-13.xh.txt</fn>
Grabber: Phaphama, elona thuba lakho ligqibeleleyo lisenokuvela msinyane ungekalilindeli!
Grabber: Zama ukungaxakeki kangangokuba ude uphoswe ngawona mathuba akho agqibeleleyo nabaluleke gqitha kumsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo ngempumelelo.
Njengoko abalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo bexhomekeke kangako kwixesha lonyaka ngalinye lesityalo ukuba libe lixesha lonyaka elilungileyo, inkoliso yemisebenzi yenzelwa isicwangciso esisekwe kwixesha lonyaka elinye lemveliso ngonyaka emva komnye. Ngenxa yethuba elifutshane ngolo hlobo, ithuba elilungileyo libonakala kanye kuphela kwiziganeko ezininzi. Abalimi bakholisa ukuphoswa ngamathuba amahle okunciphisa iindleko okanye okuthintela iilahleko eziphezulu zezityalo kuba bengakhawulezi ukuthatha amanyathelo.
Maninzi amathuba alungileyo anokufumaneka kwixesha lamalungiselelo phambi kwexesha lokutyala nakwixesha lonyaka lokukhulisa liphelele.
Yiba soloko uvule amehlo ukhangela okuthengiswa ngexabiso eliphantsi kodidi oluphezulu. Yiba neengqwalaselo ezizezakho ngexesha lonyaka lokukhulisa ukuvavanya indlela eziqhuba ngayo iimveliso ezisetyenziswa kwifama yakho. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba ukwazi ukuthatha izigqibo ezifanelekileyo kwaye ukhethe eyona mveliso igqibeleleyo. Phuhlisa izakhono zakho zokujoja. Inqwelo erhuqwayo ebekwe ixabiso elihle kodwa ekhe yasetyenziswa, ethengiswa efandesini yendawo ohlala kuyo, isenokuba lithuba elihle lobomi bakho bonke.
Eli lithuba elikholisa ukuphoswa ngabalimi. Kwiziganeko ezininzi izixhobo zokusebenza ezinjengoomatshini ezingahoywanga zinokukhokelela ekubambezelekeni okungeyomfuneko. Elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokukhathalela izixhobo zakho zokusebenza lisekupheleni kanye kwexesha lonyaka lokutyala. Xa izixhobo zokusebenza zigcinwa emva kokuzicoca ngononophelo, kwaye zikhuselwe ukuba zingadleki, lincinci kakhulu ixesha kunye neendleko eziya kuchithwa xa kusenziwa amalungiselelo ezixhobo. Ukulungela usuku apho iimeko zokutyala zilunge khona kuya kwenza uzive ukwazi ukulawula imisebenzi yakho.
Isichotho esinye semvula eze ngamandla sinokwenza umonakalo omkhulu emasimini ezityalo. Wakuba umhlaba oxabisekileyo ongaphezulu ulahlekile phantse kungabiyonto enokwenzeka ukuba uphinde ubuyiseleke. Nangona ulondolozo lomhlaba luyinxalenye yenkqubo yethuba elide yophuhliso lwefama, abalimi mabasoloko bekhangela iindawo ekunokwenzeka ukhukuliseko kuo. Imvula esisichotho engalindelekanga efama yakho ayinakucingeleka kwangaphambili. Xa uqaphele indawo ebuthathaka ethambekeni, yilungise msinyane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Elo linokuba lelona thuba lako lifanelekileyo lokuthintela umonakalo emhlabeni wakho oxabisekileyo.
Malunga nokutshatyalaliswa okuncomekayo kokhula emboneni, umzekelo, kukho izitshabalalisi ezilungileyo zezibulali-zityalo ezikhoyo (iimveliso ezitshabalalisa ukhula ngemichiza). Nkqu nesitshabalalisi sezibulali-zityalo sisebenza ngempumelelo kuphela xa iimeko zilungile. Ngoko ke sebenzisa ithuba ngemini apho iimeko zemozulu zilunge khona kungabi lusuku lomoya okanye imeko yosuku olushushu nolome kakhulu. Ubukhulu bokhula nabo bubaluleke kangangoko kwimpumezo yokutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngempumelelo. Kwiziganeko ezininzi, ukhula oluncinci lulo olubhetele. Lubaluleke kakhulu utyelelo olwenziwa rhoqo ukuze kuqwalaselwe amabanga okuphuhla kwesityalo nokhula. Musa ukulubambezela. Ukhula lutshabalalise luseluncinci.
Izinambuzane ezifana nempehla zinokubanga umonakalo onobuzaza kwizityalo zombona nezamazimba. Umonakalo unokwenzeka kwithutyana elifutshane lexesha. Amanani aphezulu emibungu yezinambuzane kwifanela yesityalo anako ukutshatyalaliswa ngemfezeko ngezitshabalalisi zokhula ezithile. Xa amanyathelo okutshabalalisa ebanjezelwa, xa kunjalo, amathuba okungaphumeleli makhulu. Isizathu kukuba; xa isityalo siphuhlela kwibakala elilandelayo okanye xa kusanda ubukhulu bemibungu, amandla omchiza asuka anciphe. Kuya kunceda ukuhlola izityalo rhoqo kuya kunceda ekusekeni elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokubulawa kwezitshabalalisi zezityalo ngempumelelo.
Ezinye izityalo zifuna ukuvunwa ngexesha elichanekileyo nakanjani. Malunga namandongomane, kungenzeka iilahleko ezingeyomfuneko malunga nesivuno okanye umgangatho wesityalo esiziinkozo xa ukuvuna kwenziwe phambi kwethuba kakhulu okanye emva kwethuba kakhulu. Ukuze kwenziwe isigqibo ngelona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuvuna isityalo, umlimi makaqwalasele iimeko eziliqela ezifana nebala lembewu, iimeko zemozulu kunye nokwenzeka kwezifo. Malunga neembotyi zesoya, imidumba isenokuqhekeka emasimini ngokuya sikhula isityalo. Xa kuvunwe emva kwexesha kakhulu umlimi usenokufumana iilahleko eziphezulu zesivuno ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwemidumba. Ungaphoswa lithuba lokuzuza ukhozo ngalunye lwesityalo ngexesha lokuvuna.
<fn>PulaImvula. MmeJane(maize).2011-04-07.xh.txt</fn>
UMama uJane uthi...
Nangona kwenziwe imizamo emikhulu yokutshabalalisa ukhula, sifumanise ukuba kweli xesha lonyaka leemvula, abalimi abaninzi kubatsalise nzima ukutshabalalisa ukhula. Lo nyaka ube ngumzekelo omhle wokubonisa abalimi ukuba ukutshabalalisa ukhula ngemichiza yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo! Kwiziganeko ezininzi, amasimi ebemanzi kakhulu abalimi bengakwazi kulima phakathi kwemiqolo, kaninzi abalimi banikezele kwidabi lokulwa ukhula.
Lixesha lokuba uqwalasele amasimi akho ukuze uzibone zonke iingxaki oya kudibana nazo kunyaka ozayo. Ukhula malungaze lukumangalise - lungaba lukhula oludala nekukudala lukhona entsimini ngezizathu ezininzi, okanye ukhula lonyaka ozayo luya kuvela kwimbewu yokhula ewe emhlabeni kwixesha langoku lonyaka.
Akukabi semva kwexesha ukuba ungenza umahluko emasimini akho.
Ungaziyeki iindawana ezincinci ezinokhula, tshabalisa loo ndawana ingekanwenwi.
Luchonge ngokuchanekileyo ukhula ukuze ulwazi utshaba lwakho kwaye ukwazi nokwenza ilinge lokulutshabalalisa.
Musa ukuvumela isityalo esilukhula ukuba sibe nembewu, inkoliso yokhula oluhlala iminyaka lunokwandiswa yimbewu nakukuziphinda-phinda.
Lawula ukhula ngendlela yemveliso yezityalo eqhelekileyo. Khumbula ukufumanisa ngezitshabalalisi zokhula ezinokuba khona nezinokusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa ukhula.
Musa ukuluvumela ukhula ukuba lukhule ngokukhululeka kwintsimi esentloko (wenakker - okanye emngciphekweni wentsimi). Uhlaselo olubi lunokuqala apha luze lunwenwele kuyo yonke intsimi ekugqibeleni.
Qiniseka ukuba ulungiselelo lwakho lomandlalo wezithole lulungile, makungabikho lukhula entsimini phambi kokutyala. Oku kuya kunika isityalo ithuba lokuphuhla ngaphandle kokhutshiswano.
Ukuba kukho oluhlala unyaka wonke, cinga ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokungahlakuli ukuze utshabalalise ukhula ngemichiza.
Lima amasimi apho kukho khona ukhula lonyaka wonke. Ukuhlakula kunokuba neempembelelo ezimbi elukhuleni. (Jonga inqaku lesixhenxe elingasentla, kwezinye iziganeko ukutshabalalisa ukhula ngemichiza kusenokuba yindlela ephucukileyo).
Qaphela ukuba unganwenwisi ukhula ngoomatshini ngokuba neziqwentshu zeengcambu, amagaqana nezikhondwanana zithuthwe zisiwe entsimini ecocekileyo zizixhobo zikamatshini. Ukungxamela ukuya kwenye intsimi kunokwenza abantu balibale ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka kwezixhobo zokusebenza.
Yenza imephu yeendawo kwifama yakho apho olu khula luvela ekwindla ukuze ukhumbule ukulutshabalalisa kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
Ngethamsanqa amaxabiso ako konke ukutya okuziinkozo ngathi ayenyuka - ndithemba ngenene ukuba lo mkhwa uya kuqhuba ukuze wena, mlimi, ukwazi ukufumana inzuzo emva kokuvuna nokuthengisa isityalo sakho. Khumbula ukuba umsebenzi wokufama ungaphezu kokuba sisimbo sobomi - ulishishini kwaye kufuneka ugqalisele yonke imizamo yakho yokufumana inzuzo kuwo ukuze ube ngumlimi olondolozekayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. MmeJane(maize).2011-05-11.xh.txt</fn>
UMama uJane uthi...
Mva nje usasazo ngathi eyona ngxelo luyinikayo iphathelene nolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nobukrelemnqa. Kwenzeka ntoni ebantwini bethu, kwimigangatho yethu yokuphilisana nakwiinqobo zokuziphatha zethu?
Iinqobo zokuziphatha emsebenzini zibandakanya imbonakalo-zimvo yethu, ukuziphatha, ukuhlonela, unxibelelwano nokusebenzisana - indlela ubani asebenzisana ngayo nabanye. Umbuzo wenene kwimeko ethile ubandakanya okulungileyo nokwamkelekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nokungalunganga kunye nokungaqwalaselwanga ngokwaneleyo.
Kuyo yonke iminyaka edlulileyo embalwa kubekho amaqumrhu kunye nabantu ngabanye abangaziphathanga kakuhle emsebenzini, nechaphazela abanye ngendlela engathandekiyo. Oku kuye kwabandakanya ukubajongela phantsi abanye abantu xa abanye benze into ethandabuzisayo.
Iinqobo zokuziphatha emsebenzini, ezifana nokuthembeka, ukuwenza kakuhle umsebenzi, ukuxabisa okwenziwa ngomnye umntu, ukusebenza ngokwenjongo, nokuziva uyinxalenye yombono okanye yesicwangciso esibanzi, kubalulekile. Akufuneki ukuba sifune kuphela ukwenza, kodwa kufuneka senze ngokufanelekileyo. Iinqobo zokuziphatha emsebenzini ziyingxam yemvisiswano - ziphuma ngaphakathi.
Kumsebenzi wokufama maninzi amathuba amaninzi okuphosisa nokuqhatha. Cinga ngabantu ababoleka imali baze bangayibuyisi emva kokufumana isityalo; okanye abantu abalima isityalo, basise apho kufanelekileyo kodwa abanye benze ngathi khange basifumane eso sityalo; okanye abo baboleka imali yokulima inani elithile leehektare baze balime nganeno (ngaloo ndlela bangawasebenzisi onke amagalelo emasimini ngokwesicwangciso). Abantu abangaluhloneliyo ubhambathiso abangena kulo, nabantu abasoloko benezizathu zokungasebenzi nzima, abantu abathengisa izinto ezingezo zabo kunye nabantu abathenga izinto ezibiweyouludwe lungaqhuba okoko).
Xa kufuneka sakhe icandelo lezolimo kwilizwe lethu kufuneka sibuyele kwimithetho-siseko elungileyo yokuthembeka, ukusebenza nzima, ingqiqo nentlonelo. Wonke umntu, kubandakanywa abantu abakumasebe karhulumente, makenze umsebenzi ofanelekileyo wosuku. Le kuphela kwendlela esiya kuphumelela ngayo. Ukuba uza kuguqula indlela ezenzeka ngayo izinto - qala ngokuziguqula wena ngokwakho. Khokela ngokuba ngumzekelo omhle, thembeka. Masibuyele endaweni apho sinokuthetha ngokuzithemba sithi: ilizwi lam ndiya kulihlonela.
<fn>PulaImvula. MmeJaneSays.2011-06-07.xh.txt</fn>
UMama uJane uthi...
Hayi uyolo ebendinalo lokuba nenxaxheba kwiphaneli (isigqeba) ebivavanya ukhutshiswayo loMlimi woNyaka. Ngumsebenzi weminyaka emininzi ongene kwinkqubo yethu yophuhliso kwaye kube ngummangaliso ukubona abanye babalimi befikelela kumanqanaba obuchule. Ukufikelela kwisigqibo malunga nabantu abathathu abagqwesileyo bekunzima kakhulu njengoko wonke umntu ebesebenze kakuhle kangako!
Nangona kungummangaliso kwaye kungumvuzo omhle ukubona inkqubela yabanye abalimi, kuyakhathaza ukufumanisa ukuba kukho abantu abangaqhubeli phambili. Lilishwa ukubona abantu abangazenzi kakuhle nezinto ezisisiseko sokulima - ukulungisa umhlaba, ukufaka isichumiso, ukukhetha imbewu echanekileyo nokutshabalalisa ukhula. Xa ungakwazi kwenza le misebenzi ekwisiseko sokulima akunakuze ube ngumlimi orhwebayo.
Kaninzi uva abantu bekuxelela ukuba abakwazi kulandela iindlela ezichanekileyo zokusebenza ngezizathu eziliqela - abanye bathi abanatrektara, abanye batyhola iindleko zembewu nezesichumiso kanti abanye babeka ityala kurhulumente. Xa ufuna ukuba ngumlimi ophumelelayo kufuneka ube necebo olisebenzisayo. Zikhona izityalo ezingummangaliso omkhulu esizibone zityalwe ngesandla - intsimi encinci inokuvelisa isityalo esihle xa umhlaba uwulungise kakuhle, imbewu nesichumiso osisebenzisayo silungile kwaye nokhula ulutshabalalisa. Kubhetele kakhulu ukulima indawo encinci (uzilinganisele) wenze konke ngendlela elungileyo, kunokulima indawo enkulu kodwa kakubi nokuba kungesiphi isizathu. Wakuba sowukuchana ukulima indawo encinci kakuhle, unako ke ngoko ukwandisa indawo oyisebenzayo.
Masikhumbule ukuba le nkqubo yophuhliso yaseGrain SA ifumana inkxaso-mali kwii-trust zezityalo eziziinkozo (ngakumbi iMaize Trust) kwaye abo basinika inkxaso-mali bafuna ukubona inkqubela. Ukuba akukho nkqubela ebonakala emasimini, siya kunyanzeleka ukuyivala inkqubo kwezo ndawo zisilelayo. Kuya kuba yimini elusizi ukurhoxisa inkxaso enikwa abalimi - nangona kunjalo, oku kusezandleni zenu. Ukuba inkxaso noqeqesho esininika lona lunexabiso kuni, kuya kufuneka ukuba niphumeze iinguquko eziyimfuneko kwimisebenzi yenu yokulima. Kunzima ukuba ngumlimi onempumelelo, kodwa konke onke kuxhomekeke ezandleni zakho - okwethu kukuba sikunike lonke uqeqesho nenkxaso esokukunika lona, kodwa kufuneka uguqule iindlela zakho!
<fn>PulaImvula. MmeJaneSays.2011-07-07.xh.txt</fn>
UMme Jane uthi...
KwiPula/Imvula, kwiminyaka emininzi besisoloko sinika ugqaliselo kwezolimo nakwimveliso kuphela, side silibale ukuba ngaphandle komlimi, akunakuze kubekho mveliso kwaphela kungekhe kubekho kutya nazintsinga. Ngaba uyayazi indlela obaluleke ngayo Uyayazi into yokuba wena wondla ihlabathi?
Sonke siyakuphepha ukukhankanya intetho ethi HIV nethi AIDS - ngokungathi luhlobo oluthile leshwangusha kwizizwe zehlabathi. Akukho mntu esimbona ephila phantsi kwelishwa xa enoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, okanye isifo seswekile nokuba sisifo somhlaza. Yinkolo yam endiqinisekileyo ngayo ukuba kufuneka simjonge kwangolo hlobo umntu onentsholongwane yeHIV neAIDS. Le ntsholongwane eyivayirasi ihlasela isixokelelwano sokuzikhusela komzimba wakho ukuze ivule iminyango ezingena ngayo izifo ezikubulalayo. Iindaba ezimnandi kukuba unako ukuba nempilo entle nobomi obulungileyo naxa unayo intsholongwane yeHIV.
Yintoni ekufuneka siyenzile?
Kukuvavanyelwa intsholongwane yeHIV ukuze uyazi imeko yakho. "Ukuba nolwazi ngamandla."
Ukuba unentsholongwane yeHIV, fumana unyango eklinikhi. Musa ukwamkela nayiphi intsilelo kwinkonzo enikwa yiyo nayiphi iklinikhi kwaye qiniseka ukuba unayo imfanelo yokufumana ii-anti-retro viral (ii-ARV) (ngokwesibalo seeseli zakho zegazi ze-cd 4) kwaye uzifumane rhoqo ngokunjalo uzisele ngokokumiselwa kwazo. Okwangoku akukabikho nyango luphilisa umntu kwiHIV, kodwa iyalawuleka kwaye unako ukuphila ubomi obupheleleyo obude ukuba uyilawula kakuhle.
Ukuba ulwenzile uvavanyo lweHIV waza wafunyaniswa unayo, zinikele ukuba uvavanyelwe neTB (isifo sephepha). Xa isakhono somzimba wakho sokuzikhusela siphantsi ngenxa yeHIV, uba sisisulu sokufumana iTB. YiTB egqiba ulangazelelo lwakho lokutya, ekukhohlelisayo, ethoba ubunzima bomzimba wakho. Qiniseka ukuba xa uneTB ufumana unyango lokukuphilisa - kaloku iyanyangeka iTB!
Ukuba, kwelinye icala, uvavanyiwe malunga neTB waza wafunyanwa unayo, ngena nakuvavanyo lweHIV - kusenokwenzeka ukuba unayo nayo njengoko isakhono somzimba wakho sokuzikhusela siphantsi.
Akukho mfuneko yokuba umntu abulawe kukuba nentsholongwane yeHIV - into efunekayo kukuba mawuyazi imeko yakho uze ufumane unyango. Nceda yiya kuvavanyo ukuze xa unayo intsholongwane, ufumane unyango. Siyanidinga nonke!
<fn>PulaImvula. MmeJaneSays.2011-09-27.xh.txt</fn>
UMama uJane uthi...
Kumaxesha ngamaxesha kufuneka sikhe sinqumame sizibuze ngesikwenzayo. Kumzamo wokufikelela kwimpendulo ecacileyo, kufuneka ngokunjalo sixele esingakwenziyo.
Asibasebenzisi babhambathiswa abamhlophe ukufama emhlabeni wabamnyama.
"Asibenzeli umsebenzi wokufama" abantu.
Asizami ukunika abantu amathuba okufama abebenamathuba kwixesha elidlulileyo.
"Asenzi nkqatho yokukhohlisa abantu".
Asizami kufumana amanqaku ekhadi yeegowuli ze-BEE ukulungiselela abo bathenga ezi mveliso.
Asizami kufumana amanqaku ekhadi yeegowuli ze-BEE ukulungiselela abo banika inkxaso yamagalelo.
Zinto zini esizenzayo?
Siphuhlisa abalimi abamnyama - abazimeleyo, abalimi abamnyama abalondolozekayo.
Siqeqesha abalimi abamnyama ukuba baziqonde izizathu zezinto abazenzayo.
Sikhuthaza abalimi ukusebenzisa imithombo yobutyebi bendalo kangangoko kufanelekile.
Sibonisa abalimi abamnyama indlela yokukhathalela umhlaba abawusebenzisayo.
Sincedisa abantu ngento abanayo, ukuze baziyilele ngokwabo ingeniso kwaye bazivelisele ukutya kwabo, koluntu lwabo nokwesizwe sethu.
Siguqula imbonakalo yezolimi - ukusuka kwishishini elonganyelwe ngabamhlophe ukuya kwelo limele ngokwenene onke amaqela enkcubeko naweentlanga.
Sincedisa abantu abanofikelelo emhlabeni - emhlabeni odityanelweyo, okanye umhlaba oqeshiweyo, okanye umhlaba ongowabo (ngokusebenzisa umhlaba ngendlela elondolozekayo nenenzuzo ngakumbi).
Sizama ukusebenza nawo onke amasebe karhulumente ngokunxulumanisa uncedo olunikwa abalimi.
Senza izicwangciso ukuze abalimi bafumane oomatshini nezixhobo zokusebenza.
Senza izicwangciso zokufikelela kubonelelo lweegranti ezivela emasebeni.
Kaninzi ndidaniswa kukuva ukuba abantu "balimela" abalimi abamnyama. Abanye abantu/imibutho isebenzisa imihlaba yabantu abamnyama ukwenzela inzuzo eyiyeyabo ukuze oku bakubize ngokuba "luphuhliso lwabalimi". Ukuba ungumlimi omhlophe osebenzisa umhlaba womntu omnyama - wuqeshe, wuhlawulele kwaye ukwazise ukuba uqeshe umhlaba ukuze uzilimele wena. Nceda musa ukwenza ngathi unika uncedo kubalimi.
<fn>PulaImvula. MmeJaneSays.xh.txt</fn>
UMme Jane uthi...
Ezindabeni kutshanje uchatshazelwe kakhulu umba wePhiko loLutsha le-ANC othetha ngomhlaba (ezebhanki nezemigodi) kwaye kutsala umdla kakhulu ukubona indlela abantu abahluka-hlukileyo abacinga ngayo ngalo mba womhlaba uphelele.
Ndiwubona umhlaba njengobutyebi esibusebenzisela ukuvelisa ukutya nemicu. Zininzi izinto ezanda ngonyaka ngamnye emhlabeni - abantu, izilwanyana zasekhaya, iimoto njl. njl. Kodwa umhlaba wona awukwazi kwanda - awunandlela yakwanda. Xa unokucinga ngenyaniso yokuba baya ngokwanda abantu kodwa umhlaba ovelisa ukutya uya ngokuncipha (kaloku masikhumbule ukuba abantu basebenzisa isithuba samakhaya abo - izixeko zikhula ngokusebenzisa umhlaba), kufuneka siqiniseke ukuba isiqwengana ngasinye somhlaba sisetyenziswa kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
EMzantsi Afrika namhla, siphila phantsi kwemeko enzima apho ubukhulu bomhlaba ofanele ukusetyenziselwa ezolimo ulinywa ngabalimi abamhlophe abangabarhwebi . Ngoku kukho intetho yokuba makuthathwe lo mhlaba ngaphandle kokuwuhlawulela unikwe abantu abamnyama. Kwelinye icala, mkhulu umhlaba ophantsi kwengqeshiso yokudityanelwa (phantsi kogunyaziso wobuhlanga) kanti inkoliso yalo mhlaba awukhuphi nto. Kwakhona kukho amawaka amaninzi eehektare zomhlaba weefama onikelwe ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zesebe lemibandela yemihlaba. Ingaba oku kuphathelene nebala lesikhumba somntu Ngokoluvo lwam, HAYI - ukuze umntu abe nempumelelo, nokuba ngumlimi womhlaba omncinane okanye ngumlimi orhwebayo oko akunanto yakwenza nebala lesikhumba sakho?
Siyazi ukuba ukuze ubani abe ngumlimi onempumelelo, kufuneka abe nolwazi kunye nezakhono zobuchule, oomatshini, imimandla yokuthengisa kunye nenkxaso-mali yamagalelo emveliso. Ukusuka umntu anikwe umhlaba akumenzi umlimi - ukuba umi egaraji, akukho motweni! Ukuba unomhlaba, oko akuthethi ukuba ungumlimi. Ukuba ufuna ukubizwa ngokuba ungumlimi, kufuneka uwusebenzise kangangoko unokusetyenziswa umhlaba wakho.
Ndicinga ukuba kufuneka siwenze wonke umzamo wokunika abantu yonke inkxaso abayidingayo malunga nomhlaba asebenawo ukuze sonke isiqwengana somhlaba sinike isizwe sethu ukutya. Wakuba wonke umhlaba uvelisa ukutya kakuhle, kungaqwalasela eminye imibandela. Umhlaba uxabisekile, kwaye xa ukwazi ukufikelela emhlabeni, unoxanduva wokuwusebenzisa. Thina balimi sisuka siqolosele emsebenzini wokulima ngokupheleleyo singazihoyi iintetho ezenziwa ziingcali zopolitiko ezijonge icala lazo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Moisture(wheat).2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
Zonke izityalo zifuna amanzi ukuze zikhule kanti umbandela obaluleke kakhulu ngokulima izityalo eziziinkozo emhlabeni owomileyo bubukho bokufuma obaneleyo ngethuba lokuphuhlisa isityalo sakho sengqolowa.
Ukususela kule nyanga, uhlelo lwengqolowa lwePula Imvula luya kuthunyelwa kubo bonke abafundi kungekuko kuphela kubalimi abathetha iSesotho baseFree State. Ngoko ke kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba iNtshona-koloni inemozulu ye-Mediterranean nto leyo ethetha ukuba ifumana imvula yayo ebusika, xesha elo lonyaka elilungele ukulinywa kwengqolowa. Ukubaluleka kokulondolozwa kokufuma kubalimi bengqolowa eKoloni akubalulekanga kangako xa kuthelekiswa noMzantsi Afrika uphela apho kufuneka silondoloze imvula yasehlotyeni emhlabeni ukuze izityalo ziwasebenzise ngeenyanga ezibaleleyo zasebusika.
Ukulinywa kwezityalo kufuna ukufuma. Izityalo ezahluka-hlukeneyo zineemfuneko ezahluka-hlukileyo ezifanele ukuqwalaselwa phambi kokuthathwa kwesigqibo malunga nokuba sesiphi isityalo esifanele ukutyalwa. Ukufuma nako kuyafuneka ukuze kukhuthazwe ukucoleka kweentsalela zesityalo sexesha elingaphambili nokwandisa isiqulatho sesivundiso emhlabeni, ngokwenza njalo izityalo ziyakwazi ukufumana izondlo.
Mhlawumbi akukathathi sigqibo malunga nokuba uza kuyilima na ingqolowa okanye hayi; kakade isigqibo sakho sixhomekeke kwingeniso efumaneka ngokulima ingqolowa, nakwisicwangciso sakho sethuba elide sokusebenzisa umhlaba. Abalimi abaninzi benze isigqibo sokulima izityalo ezithile ngokomjikeleziso othile ongqalisiweyo, bengawananzanga amaxabiso anyuka esehla. Ukulima ingqolowa qho ngonyaka kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba unesityalo onaso xa umhle unyaka nokuba unengqolowa onokuyilima xa liphezulu ixabiso (nangona okuchasene noku kunokwenzeka - ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuba nayo ingqolowa nangeminyaka emibi, kwaye namaxabiso aphantsi uya kuwathatha xa ingawo akhoyo).
Kuyimfuneko ukuzama ukuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo sakho siya kufikelela ekufumeni okwaneleyo emhlabeni ngalo lonke ithuba lokukhula. Yonke imihlaba iyakwazi ukugcina amanzi, nangona eminye inesakhono esiphucuke kakhulu kwaye ikwazi kakhulu ukugcina ukufuma emhlabeni. Imihlaba enesanti eninzi inesakhono esincinci sokugcina amanzi njengoko amanzi akwaziyo ukutyhuluba emanzini aze alahleke, ngaphandle kokuba kunokubakho umaleko ongagqobhozelekiyo (welitye okanye wodongwe, umzekelo) wona oya kuthintela amanzi ukuba angagqitheli phambili aze abe yilahleko. Imihlaba eneemaleko ezingagqobhozelekiyo (umzekelo udongwe) kubunzulu obungekho ngaphantsi kuma-600mm ukuya ku-1 m yiyo elufaneleyo ulondolozo lokufuma komhlaba kunye nemveliso yezityalo yonyaka ngamnye. Imihlaba emininzi kwiFree State eseMpuma iyifanele le nkcazelo nto leyo eyenza ukuba ikufanele ncam ukulinywa kwengqolowa yasebusika nangona ikummandla ofumana imvula ehlotyeni.
Ngaphandle kokuba unethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo lokuba namanzi okunkcenkceshela, uya kunyanzeleka ukuba uxhomekeke emvuleni ukuze umhlaba ufumane ukufuma. Umhlaba ongaphezulu okhululekileyo wenza ukuba imvula ibe nako ukugqobhozela emhlabeni. Ufanele ukuba ube sowuyiqaphele indlela eqengqeleka ngayo imvula emhlabeni olukhuni. Isigcina-kufuma esikumphezulu womhlaba siyanceda ekugqobhozeleni kwamanzi; kanti sikwathoba amandla amachaphaza emvula ukuze sivumele ixesha elide lokugqobhozela kwamanzi.
Amanzi agcineka kwizithuba eziphakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba. Imihlaba yahluka ukusuka kuleyo iyisanti ukuya kweluvundu-vundu ukugqithela kweludongwe kanti uhlobo ngalunye lomhlaba luyakwazi ukugcina izixa ezahluka-hlukeneyo zamanzi. Umhlaba oyisanti, udongwe noluvundu-vundu unokugcina umyinge wokufuma kwama-25mm nge-150 mm yomhlaba. (Umhlaba onobunzulu be-1 m obuncomekayo beengcambu, unako ukugcina i-180 mm yemvula). Isixa sokufuma esinokugcineka emhlabeni sixhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaba, imeko yesakhiwo somhlaba kunye nakubunzulu bokulima ngokunjalo nakubunzulu bomhlaba.
Ukufuma komhlaba kungalahleka emhlabeni ngenxa yobushushu belanga.
Umphezulu womhlaba usuka ube shushu ukuze oku kwandise ukuqhuma kwamanzi; nokutyhuluba kwamanzi emhlabeni (le yintshukumo yokufuma komhlaba phakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba), ukuya kumphezulu womhlaba apho uguquka ube ngumphunga othi shwaka emoyeni. Ukufuma komhlaba kungalahleka nangokumfimfa kwamanzi okhula okanye azo naziphi izityalo ezinokubonwa njengokhula entsimini. Oku ngomnye woonobangela abakhulu bokulahleka kokufuma komhlaba.
Ukufuma sinokukulondoloza njani ngendlela encomekayo?
Qiniseka ukuba imvula efika emhlabeni inako ukugqobhozela emhlabeni; ngokugcina umphezulu womhlaba ukwimeko enqwenelekayo. Uqweqwe olukumphezulu womhlaba lwenza isithintelo esiqinileyo ukuze enye imvula efikayo ihambe nomhlaba endaweni yokungenelela ezantsi emhlabeni.
Gcina intsalela yesityalo sethuba langaphambili eninzi kangangoko unako ukuze uthintele amandla angqalileyo okubetha kwamachaphaza emvula kumphezulu womhlaba kuba ngokwenza njalo uya kuba ucutha ukwenzeka koqweqwe. Khumbula ukuba ngokokuxhomekeka ekucolekeni kwezikhondo, isityalo sisenokufuna ezinye izichumiso ze-nitrogen ezongezelelweyo njengesiphumo sokukhutshwa kwezondlo ngokucotha kwintsalela yezityalo.
Emva kweemvula ezinkulu, qhekeza uqweqwe olunokuba lwenzeke kumphezulu womhlaba. Uqweqwe aluthinteli ukugqobhozela kwamanye amanzi emvula kuphela koko lukhuthaza intshukumo yokutyhuluba kwamanzi phakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba nto leyo eyomisa umhlaba.
Gcina umhlaba ungenalukhula ngalo lonke ithuba lokuvuna isityalo sexesha elidlulileyo kude kube lixesha lokutyala isityalo esilandelayo.
Ukudaleka kwesigcina-kufuma sothuli kumphezulu womhlaba kuba sisithintelo sentshukumo yokutyhuluba kwamanzi phakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba nto leyo esusa ukufuma emhlabeni ukuba kuye emoyeni. Nangona isigcina-kufuma sifunxa ubushushu belanga, ukuqhuma kwamanzi kwenzeka ngesantya esiphantsi ukuya kwisigcina-kufuma somhlaba owomileyo ongaphezulu oyi-5 cm (isigcina-kufuma sothuli).
Isigcina-kufuma sisenokuba yintsalela yesityalo (xa kuthethwa gabalala) okanye sibe sisigcina-kufuma ekufuneka sigcinwe kulo lonke ithuba lefusi ngokulima umhlaba ngoomatshini.
Kukho imiba ebaluleke kangako ngokulima izityalo ukuze kubekho impumelelo. Kufuneka ulondoloze ukufuma kangangoko unako kwaye ugcine intsimi yakho ingenalukhula ngawo onke amaxesha. Ukufuma ngomnye wemiba eyithoba kakhulu imveliso yezityalo.
<fn>PulaImvula. MoistureMaize.2010-02.xh.txt</fn>
Owona mbandela ubaluleke kakhulu malunga nemveliso yokutya okuziinkozo emhlabeni owomileyo bubukho bokufuma okwaneleyo ngethuba lophuhliso lwesityalo esithile.
Ulwazi malunga nesixa semvula ngokunjalo nokuba ingalindeleka nini lufumaneka kummandla ngamnye waseMzntsi Afrika (buza isebe lendawo yakho lezoLimo). Lunokusetyenziswa njengesikhokelo kucwangciso lwemveliso yezityalo.
Kutheni sifanele ukulondoloza ukufuma emhlabeni?
Umsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo ufuna ukufuma - izityalo ngezityalo zineemfuno ezahluka-hlukileyo zokufuma, ezifanele ukuqwalaselwa phambi kokuthathwa kwesigqibo malunga nesityalo esinokutyalwa.
Imvula eyindalo ayisoloko isina ngexesha elithe ncam efunwa ngalo ngesityalo ngasinye esithile.
Xa kuthethwa gabalala, imimandla yokuvelisa isityalo eMzantsi Afrika inemozulu eyenza umhlaba obharhileyo.
Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukufuma komhlaba okwaneleyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokutyala ukuvumela ukuntshula nophuhliso lweengcambu lwakwangoko. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokutyala liya kuqwalasela iimfuneko zokufuma kwesityalo kumabanga abaluleke kakhulu ophuhliso, xa kuthelekiswa neemvula ezilindelekileyo ngonyaka ezina ngelo xesha lonyaka (umzekelo, ukuze kwenziwe isicwangciso sethuba lemvula ngexesha lokuvela kwamanquma ombona, okanye elokuphuma kweentyatyambo zikajongilanga).
Ukukhuthaza ukucoleka kweentsalela zesityalo sethuba langaphambili nokwandisa isiqulatho sesivundisi emhlabeni nokwenza ke ngoko ukuba izondlo zifumaneke emhlabeni.
Ingaba yonke imihlaba iyakwazi ukulondoloza amanzi?
Ewe, nangona imihlaba enesanti eninzi inomaleko ogqobhozela kakhulu novumela amanzi amaninzi ukuba aphumele ngaphaya kakhulu.
Imihlaba eneemaleko engagqobhozelekiyo (umzekelo, udongwe) kubunzulu obungekho nganeno kuma-600 mm ukuya kwimitha enye ifaneleke kakhulu ukwenzela ulondolozo lokufuma komhlaba nemveliso yezityalo ngonyaka ngamnye.
Singakuphumeza njani ukufunxeka kwemvula ngumhlaba?
Isigcina-kufuma kumphezulu womhlaba.
Kulondolozwa njani ukufuma emhlabeni?
Amanzi alondolozwa kwizithuba eziphakahi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba.
Imihlaba yahluka ngokwesanti, ukuya kuvundu-vundu nakudongwe.
Uhlobo ngalunye lomhlaba lulondoloza isixa esahluka-hlukeneyo samanzi.
Umhlaba oyisanti, udongwe novundu-vundu ngokwesiqhelo unokulondoloza ama-25 mm okufuma nge-150 mm yomhlaba. (Ngomhlaba wobunzulu obuncomekayo beengcambu bemitha enye, yinto enokwenzeka ukulondoloza i-180 mm yemvula).
Yintoni ebanga ukulahleka kokufuma emhlabeni?
Ukugqatsa kwelanga. Umphezulu womhlaba uba shushu ukuze oku kwandise ukuqhuma kwamanzi.
Intshukumo kwiingqakumbana zomhlaba. Le yintshukumo yokufuma komhlaba phakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba, ukuya kumphezulu womhlaba apho ujika khona ube ngumphunga kumoya ojikeleze umhlaba.
Ukumfimfa kokhula okanye naziphi ezinye izityalo ezithathwa njengokhula entsimini. Lo ngomnye woonobangela abaphambili wokulahleka kokufuma kwamanzi.
Singakulondoloza njani ukufuma ngeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo?
Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba imvula ena emhlabeni iyakwazi ukungenelela emhlabeni, ngokuthi umphezulu womhlaba ugcinwe ukwisimo esinqwenelekayo. Uqweqwe olukumphezulu womhlaba lwenza isithintelo esilukhuni ukuze imvula iqhube ngokuqengqeleka emhlabeni endaweni yokungenelela kubunzulu bomhlaba.
Ngokugcina intsalela eninzi kangangoko yesityalo sexesha langaphambili ukuze kuncitshiswe amandla angqalileyo eempembelelo zamaqabaza emvula kumphezulu womhlaba ukuze kuncitshiswe ukubumbeka koqweqwe. Makukhunjulwe ukuba kuxhomekeke ekucolekeni kwezikhondwana, isityalo sisenokufuna izichumiso ezongezelelweyo ze-nitrogen njengesiphumo sokuphuma ngokucotha kwezondlo ezisekwintsalela yesityalo.
Emva kweemvula ezinkulu, yaphula uqweqwe olunokubumbeka kumphezulu womhlaba. Uqweqwe alunqandi kuphela ukungenela kwamanzi athe chatha emvula, kodwa lukwakhuthaza intshukumo yamanzi phakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba, nto leyo eyomisa umhlaba.
Gcina umhlaba ungenalukhula ngalo lonke ithuba ukususela kwixesha lokuvuna isityalo sethuba langaphambili ukuya ekutyalweni kwesityalo esilandelayo.
Ukudaleka "kwesigcina-kufuma sothuli" kumphezulu womhlaba kusebenza njengesithintelo sentshukumo yamanzi phakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba, nto leyo eyenza ukuhamba kokufuma ukusuka kubunzulu bomhlaba ukuya kumoya ojikeleze ihlabathi. Nangona isigcina-kufuma sifunxa imitha egqatsayo yobushushu belanga, ukuqhuma kwamanzi kwenzeka ngokwesantya esiphantsi kwi-5cm ekumphezulu wesigcina-kufuma somhlaba owomileyo ("isigcina-kufuma sothuli").
Isigcina-kufuma sisenokuba yintsalela yesityalo mhlawumbi (xa kuthethwa gabalala) okanye "isigcina-kufuma sothuli" esifanele ukugcinwa ngalo lonke ithuba lefusi ngokuhlakula umhlaba ngezandla nokuba kungoomatshini.
Phakathi kweemvula, kubalulekile ukugcina "isigcina-kufuma sothuli" ukuze kulondolozwe elona nqanaba liphezulu lamanzi kubo bonke ubunzulu bomhlaba.
<fn>PulaImvula. Money.2008-01.xh.txt</fn>
Mayikhunjulwe into yokuba umsebenzi wokufama xa kuthethwa gabalala ujoliswe ekuyileni iinzuzo. Ininzi imali efunekayo xa kuza kulinywa umbona kwaye ukufakwa kweenkcitho ezilindelekileyo ezinxulumene nokuveliswa kombona ngomnye wemibandela ebaluleke kakhulu kulawulo lwefama yezityalo eziziinkozo.
Kuyimfuneko ukwahlukanisa iindleko ngokwezintlu ezimbini ezahlukahlukileyo - iindleko ezingqalileyo neziguquguqukayo nezingaphaya kweendleko ezisisigxina.
Ezi ziindleko ezinxulumene nomsebenzi wokuqhutywa kwefama iphelele - ziindleko ezingenakunxulunyaniswa ngokungqalileyo nokulima eso sityalo sithile. Ezi ndleko zikholisa ukuqhuba, nokuba kungeliphi ixesha okanye ithuba lonyaka. Ezi ndleko zibandakanya iintlawulo zobalo lweemali, iintlawulo zebhanki, iintlawulo zabasebenzi nemivuzo, ukutsalwa kwemali ebhanki, umbane, iimvume, ii-levy, ukukhandwa kwempahla kunye nolondolozo, imali eyinzala yeemboleko, iindleko zothutho, nezinto zokubhala njl.njl. Ezi ndleko zisenokwahluka kakhulu ukusuka kumfama ukuya komnye, kuxhomekeka: kubukhulu befama, kubunzulu bomthwalo nesimbo neendleko zolawulo.
Ezi ziindleko ezinokwayanyaniswa ngokungqalileyo nesityalo esilinywayo. Ezi ndleko zibandakanya izinto ezifana ne-diesel, isichumiso, imbewu, imichiza, ukuvuna nabasebenzi bamathutyana athile. Kwiziganeko ezininzi, ezi ndleko zithelekiseka ngokweehektare kungathathelwanga ngqalelo uhlobo lomsebenzi wokufama nesivuno esinokubakho sesityalo esicwangciselweyo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kwenziwe ucwangciso olufanelekileyo lwemali phambi kokulima nasiphi isityalo. Kuphucuke kakhulu ukulungiselela nokulima indawo encinci ngendlela efanelekileyo ukuze amathuba okufuma isityalo esihle abe ngabalaseleyo. Kusoloko kukho iindleko ezingaqatshelwanga xa kusenziwa isicwangciso sokulima izityalo - ngezantsi kukho umzekelo weendlela zokulima ezinokufuneka ngethuba lenkqubo yomsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo.
Ukulungiselelwa komandlalo wezithole.
Ukutshiza ngezitshabalalisi zokhula nangezezinambuzane.
Ukufakwa komaleko wangaphezulu (ukufaka isichumiso).
Ukongezelela ukutshiza ngezitshabalalisi zokhula nangezezinambuzane.
Ukuthuthwa kwezityalo eziziinkozo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Money.2010-04-01.xh.txt</fn>
UShakespeare wakha wathi, "Makungabikho mboleki nambolekisi, kuba ityala lizilahla ngokwalo lilahle nabahlobo". Eli licebiso elilungileyo ekungekho bani onokuzisola ngalo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ungumlimi wanamhla, mhlawumbi kungafuneka ukuba uboleke imali ukuze ungene emsebenzini wokukhupha imveliso.
Phofu kutheni abalimi kufuneka beboleke imali?
Nokuba ungumnini womhlaba okanye akunjalo, okanye mhlawumbi unomhlaba nje owuqeshileyo okhuselekileyo, umsebenzi wokufama lishishini kwaye uya kufuna imali yokuliqhuba. Kananjalo akukhathaliseki ukuba ufikelele njani emhlabeni. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ube ngumamkeli wokwabiwa ngokutsha komhlaba, okanye wohlaziyo lwemibandela yomhlaba, okanye mhlawumbi usebenzise imali yakho xa uthenga umhlaba, mali leyo oyifumene kwamanye amashishini - kodwa imali yona iyafuneka ukuze wenze umsebenzi wokufama.
Umhlaba uduru, kanti abantu badla ngokuzibuza ukuba ingaba imali yokuthenga umhlaba baza kuyifumana njani. Ngelishwa, umhlaba yinxalenye nje yeli shishini. Ukuba ufuna nokufuya, kuya kufuneka ukuba uthenge imfuyo (mhlawumbi iinkomo, iigusha, iibhokhwe, iihagu okanye iinkuku). Ukuba uza kuba ngumlimi wezityalo nokuba yimifuno, kufuneka uthenge iitrektara nezixhobo ukuze ukwazi ukulima umhlaba. Oku akuphelelanga apho, kusafuneka uthenge amagalelo emveliso (imbewu, isichumiso, imichiza, i-diesel njl.njl.). Asiyonto ingaqhelekanga ukwenza utyalo-mali lwamagalelo noomatshini oluneendleko ezingaphezu kwezomhlaba.
Siqhutywa njani isigqibo?
Ukuboleka imali lishishini - ukhona umntu owenze imali, afuna ukuyityala ukuze afumane imbuyekezo kwimali eyinkunzi. Ngamanye amazwi, umnini wemali ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuba akazi kulahlekelwa yimali yakhe kwaye emva kwethuba lemali-mboleko, uya kuyibuyiselwa imali yakhe abebolekise ngayo. Konke oku kubandakanya umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa yimali, ngokuba liba phezulu ixabiso olihlawulele ukuboleka imali, okanye masithi iya kuya ngokuba phezulu inzala oya kuyihlawula kuloo mali.
Kwiziganeko ezininzi, xa uboleka imali, kufuneka unike ukhuseleko oluthile lwaloo mali-mboleko. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba xa ungakwazi ukuhlawula imali-mboleko, umbolekisi akwazi ukuthengisa loo nto unayo oyinikele njengokhuselo lokubuyisa imali yakhe.
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abantu bebeboleka imali kwiziko elinye ukuze bathi xa bengakwzi kuyibuyisa loo-mali-mboleko, baye kwelinye iziko bayiboleke apho imali. Abantu babenganyanzelwa ukuba batyhile zonke iimali-mboleko zabo. Umthetho Omiselweyo Wesizwe Malunga Namatyala uyiguqule yonke loo nto, kuba kaloku iziko elibolekisayo lisenokutyholwa "ngokubolekisa okungalawulwayo" xa linokubolekisa emntwini ongenakukwazi ukubuyisa imali yetyala. Isiseko seenkcukacha siyafumaneka ngazo zonke iimali-mboleko, kwaye naxa umlimi engawatyhili onke amatyala akhe (nto leyo afanele ukuyenza), iziko elibolekisayo linako ukulufumana ulwazi malunga nomlimi, lize lingasamkeli isicelo semali-mboleko entsha.
Abalimi bakholisa ukukhathazeka xa izicelo zabo zemali-mboleko zikhatyiwe, nangona kunjalo, xa umntu engenakukwazi ukubuyisa iimali azibolekiyo ekugqibeleni uya kubhengezwa njengomntu ongakwaziyo ukuhlawula amatyala kanti kuya kulandela izinto ezimbini. Iziko elibolekisa ngemali liya kulahlekelwa yimali, uze wena ufumane igama elibi kwiingxelo zamatyala, oko ke kuya kukuthintela ukuba ungaze ukwazi ukubolekisa ngemali kwixesha elizayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuba nayiphi imali ebolekiweyo ifanele ukubuyiswa - iimali-mboleko ziimali-mboleko asizo zipho okanye iimali zobonelelo.
Kutheni abalimi abatsha bokutya okuziinkozo betsala nzima ukufumana iimali-mboleko?
Isakhono sokubuyisa intlawulo ngokweemfunekozakho zomqukuqelo wemali esesandleni. Umntu okuboleke imali ufuna ukwazi ukuba ekupheleni kwexesha enivumelene ngalo uya kuba nayo imali yokuhlawula ityala. Xa sizekelisa ngokulinywa kwezityalo, ukulima isityalo esiyingqolowa, kuya kufuneka ukuba utyale imali amalunga ne-R5 000 ngehektare nganye. Ngexabiso langoku lengqolowa, (kwixesha elidlulileyo lonyaka, abalimi abafikelelanga kwiR2 000 ngetoni nganye), kuya kufuneka ukuba ufumane isivuno esiyi-2, 5 iitoni/iihektare ukuze ulungelelanise. Khumbula ukuba isivuno esiqheleke kwithuba elide kwiindawo ezininzi inganeno kwiitoni/kwiihektare ezi-2. Ukuba umlimi ufuna ukuboleka imali yokulima ingqolowa, umbolekisi uya kujonga kwizivuno zethuba elide, ixabiso elilindelekileyo lengqolowa, nakwiindleko zokuvelisa isityalo. Kweli banga, akukho mntu othakazelela ukubolekisa ngemali kubalimi abalima ingqolowa - kanti oku kwenzeka ngesizathu esilungileyo. Umsebenzi wokuvelisa ingqolowa akunanzuzo.
Iimbuyekezo eziphantsi kwimali etyaliweyo yokuqalisa ishishini. Kwixesha langoku ishishini lengqolowa likwimo yonxunguphalo, kodwa kufuneka kwakhona kukhunjulwe ukuba xa kuthethwa gabalala, inzuzo efumaneka kwimveliso yokutya okuziinkozo iphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu. Kukho intsalela phantse yemveliso nganye, egcina amaxabiso ephantsi, neendleko zemveliso ziphantsi ngokugqithiseleyo. Umsebenzi uphelele awunanzuzo kakuhle. Kwiziganeko ezilolo hlobo, iziko ezibolekisayo alikuthakazeleli kakhulu ukubolekisa ngemali njengoko umboleki engenakukwazi ukubuyisela umbokekisi imali entle kwimali etyalwe xa kuqalisa ishishini.
Amava omlimi. Xa uqalisa ishishini okanye umsebenzi owuqeqeshelweyo, akunamava kwaye kulula ukwenza iimpazamo. Kuba njalo kubalimi abasaphuhlayo - abanaminyaka yamava nendima eqinisekisiweyo. Oku kwenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukuboleka imali.
Ukhuselo lwemali-mboleko. Njengoko sekukhankanyiwe, umbolekisi ufuna ukwazi ukuba xa usilela ekuhlawuleni imali-mboleko angakwazi ukuthengisa izinto zexabiso ukuze babuyelwe yimali yabo. Kwiziganeko ezininzi, umlimi akakwazi ukunikela ngomhlaba njengokhuselo (lowo ngumgaqo wecandelo lokurhweba). Abalimi abaninzi abanamhlaba ongowabo (njengoko kunjalo kumhlaba odityanelweyo nomhlaba oqeshiweyo), okanye umlimi usenokuba nesibophelelo sokuqala esibhaliswe kuloo mpahla sokukhusela ukuthenga kwakhe impahla leyo. Xa umlimi engakwazi kunika ukhuselo, umbolekisi usenokwala ukumboleka imali, njengoko esoyika ukuba kungenzeka alahlekelwe lutyalo-mali lwakhe.
Abalimi baphumelela njani kwinyaniso yokuba kufuneka ukuba banike ukhuselo ukuze bafumane ityala lemveliso?
Utyalo-mali olufuneka xa kulinywa isityalo imalunga ne-R4 500 ngehektare nganye (iindleko ezisisiqhelo ngeenjongo zale ngxoxo). Ukuba umlimi kufuneka elime i-100 yeehektare, kufuneka eboleke ama-R450 000. Le yimali eninzi kakhulu.
Xa sicingela ukuba umlimi unomhlaba olungileyo, kwindawo yemvula ephezulu, apho isivuno ekubhekiselelwe kuso siphezulu, nalapho amaxabiso esityalo enza ukuba kubekho inzuzo efumanekayo ngesityalo eso, umlimi angazidibanisa nebhanki yezemihlaba, okanye ibhanki yezorhwebo, okanye ishishini lezolimo, okanye imbumba yemali-mboleko yemveliso.
Sicingela ukuba umlimi akanakukwazi ukunikela ngomhlaba wakhe njengokhuselo lwemali-mboleko kufuneke ke ukuba eze nolunye uhlobo lokhuselo. Kulapho kungena khona i-inshorensi yegalelo. I-inshorensi yegalelo yenzelwe ukukhusela "izenzo zikaThixo" ingezizo izenzo zokulima okusilelayo. Ngamanye amazwi, umlimi ufanele ukuthobela izenzo ezifanelekileyo zokulima imveliso, kwaye abe nesivuno esamkelekileyo esiqheleke kwithuba elide ukuze abenemfanelo ye-inshorensi. Iqumrhu le-inshorensi lilandela ngoqwalaselo inkqubela-phambili yomlimi ukususela ekuqaleni, kanti lisenokwala ukukhusela isityalo nangeliphi ibakala - bajonga uhlobo lomhlaba nobunzulu bawo, uhlalutyo lwesampulu yomhlaba, inkqubo yokutyala, ukukhethwa kwesityalo esingumhlanganisela, ukufakwa kwesichumiso, ingxelo yemo yonxunguphalo, ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula nezibulali-zityalo, kanti ke ngaphandle kokuba zonke ezi zinto zihamba ngokwemimiselo yab, abanakuvuma ukunika isityalo ukhuselo lwe-inshorensi.
"Izenzo zikaThixo" umlimi azinikelwa ukhuselo, ukuba i-inshorensi yamkelekile, zinokubandakanya imbalela, iqabaka, izikhukula, isichotho kunye nomlilo. Khumbula, abaluniki ukhuselo lweendlela zokulima ezisilelayo. Ukuba ufumene ukusilela kwesityalo ngenxa yempazamo yakho, akusayi kufumana khuselo lwe-inshorensi.
Ukuba ufumene isamkelo seinshorensi yegalelo, iqumrhu linika isiqinisekiso seetoni ezithile okanye ingeniso (kukho imigaqo-nkqubo eyahluka-hlukileyo esebenza ngokwahluka-hlukileyo kancinci). Nangona kunjalo, i-inshorensi ikhusela kuphela ama-60-65% exabiso eliphantsi kwe-inshorensi. Masithi umzekelo isivuno sakho esiqheleke kwithuba elide kwindawo yombona eziitoni ezi-4/iihektare, enokuba nexabiso le-R1 500 ngetoni nganye (yiloo nto ixabiso eliphantsi kokhuselo liyi-R6 000 ngehektare), i-inshorensi iya kuqinisekisa ama-60% elo xabiso, eliyi-R3 600 ngehektare. Ngoku uya kukhumbula ukuba sithe iindleko zemveliso ziya kuba malunga ne-R4 500 ngehektare nganye. Ngamanye amazwi, uya kufumana ukhuselo lwe-inshorensi olunganeno kwiindleko zemveliso. Ukuba ubuliziko elibolekisa ngemali, ubungenakukuthakazelela ukubolekisa ngemali kumlimi, ube usazi ukuba xa kunokubakho isenzo sikaThixo umlimi lowo ebengenakukwazi ukubuyisa imali-mboleko -nangaphandle kokuba ene-inshorensi yegalelo. Enye into emayikhunjulwe kukuba i-inshorensi yegalelo iduru - kunyaka ophelileyo, abalimi abaphuhlayo kwiFree State eseMpuma ababetyale ingqolowa kuye kwafuneka ukuba bahlawule ngaphezu kwama-R850 ngehektare nganye nge-inshorensi yabo yegalelo.
Ngawaphi amaziko abolekisayo afumaneka kubalimi abatsha ngeentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo/imfuyo?
Njengoko kunokubonwa kwingxoxo engasentla, ukubolekisa ngemali ngumngcipheko kwaye mininzi imibandela ekufuneka iqwalaselwe phambi kokufaka isicelo semali-mboleko. Kukho amaziko aya kubolekisa ngemali, xa enikwa isiqinisekiso sokuba imali yawo iya kubuyiswa. Yinto enokwenzeka ukuba abalimi bafake izicelo zemali-mboleko kwibhanki yezomhlaba, kumashishini ezolimo (Senwes, OVK, NWK, MGK, GWK), kwiimbumba zezolimo (VKB), kwiibhanki zezorhwebo, kumaziko ophuhliso (Mpumalanga Agricultural Development Corporation -MADC, Uvimba Bank eMpuma-Koloni) njl.njl. Iziko elibolekisa ngemali alinyanzelekanga ukukuboleka imali - onke anemiqathango yawo nemigaqo-nkqubo yokubolekisa. Unako ukuzidibanisa nale mibutho ngenjongo yokufumana iimfuneko zayo.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa abalimi beshiye ityala?
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yenzuzo emsebenzini wokufama ephantsi koxinzelelo, kukholisa ukwenzeka ukuba abalimi basebenze unyaka wonke, bavelise isityalo abasithengisayo, kodwa ekupheleni kwexesha lonyaka, bangakwazi ukufumana imali eyaneleyo yokuhlawula imali-mboleko yemveliso. Le yimeko eyenzakalisayo kuba ithetha ukuba umlimi usebenzele into engekhoyo unyaka wonke, kwaye okunokwenzeka kukuba angakwazi ukulima isityalo esilandelayo. Nangona ukulima isityalo esilandelayo kunokuba yiyo kuphela indlela yokubuyisa ityala elingahlawulekiyo kwisityalo sethuba elidlulileyo, amaziko abolekisayo kufuneka aqaphele ukuba bangazifumani benetyala lokubolekisa ngaphandle kwengqiqo.
Lithini icebiso esinokulinika abalimi malunga nokuboleka imali?
Qinisekisa ukuba wenza konke ithuba liselihle - musa ukurhoxisela izinto kumzuzu wokugqibela.
Njengomlimi, uxabiseke kakhulu eMzantsi Afrika - yiba nebhongo lokuba abalimi ngabo abondla nabanxibisa ihlabathi!
<fn>PulaImvula. Mpumalanga.2008-03.xh.txt</fn>
Ifoto 1: Isiza sovavanyo eMalekutu.
Ifoto 2: Umhlaba osecaleni kwesiza sovavanyo eMalekutu.
Ifoto 3: Isiza sovavanyo eMbuzini.
Ifoto 4: Uvavanyo lomboniso eMatibidi.
Ifoto 5: Imihlaba yabucala kummandla wesiza sovavanyo eMatibidi.
Ifoto 6: Imihlaba yabucala kummandla wesiza sovavanyo eMatibidi.
Ifoto 7: UMnu. Jerry Mthombothi, umququzeleli wophuhliso lwephondo: eMpumalanga kuvavanyo eBronkhorstspruit.
Ifoto 8: UMnu. Jerry Mthombothi (ekhohlo) noMnu. Boy Mokoena (umlimi) kuvavanyo eBronkhorstspruit.
Ifoto 9: Isiza sovavanyo eDundonald.
Ifoto 10: Isiza sovavanyo eDundonald.
Omnye wemisebenzi yethu kwiNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama, efumana inkxaso-mali kwiMaize Trust, kukutyala nokulondoloza iimvavanyo zemiboniso kwimimandla eyahlukahlukileyo. Injongo yezi mvavanyo kukubonisa 'indlela yokusebenza ebalaseleyo' kwaye sisebenzisa ezi ziza ngezinye iintsuku zamafama ezibanjwa ngonyaka uphelele.
Ifoto 1 ikwisiza sovavanyo eMalekutu, malunga nomgama wama-30 km kumntla-ntshona weNelspruit. Ifoto 2 ngumhlaba osecaleni kwesiza sovavanyo.
Amanani ezityalo nezithuba phakathi kwemiqolo: nangona kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukubona izithuba kwifoto yovavanyo, izithuba eziphakathi kwezithuba komnye umbona zikhulu kakhulu zona.
Ifoto 3 ithathwe kwisiza sovavanyo eMbuzini, kumgama ongange-150 km emzantsi-mpuma waseNelspruit, xa usiya ngaseSwaziland. Umbona apha ubukeka kakuhle kakhulu - ngakumbi xa uthelekiswa nezityalo ezilinywa ngamafama endawo leyo. Ukubaluleka kokuthathwa kweesampulu zomhlaba, ubumuncu bomhlaba (pH), ukufakwa kwesichumiso, amanani ezityalo, ukukhethwa kwemihlanganisela nokutshatyalaliswa kokhula nezibulali zezityalo zonke ezo zizihloko ekuza kuxoxwa ngazo kule ndawo.
Iifoto 4, 5 neyesi-6 zathathwa eMatibidi (emntla Graskop). Le yindawo abaxhamla kuyo abahlali apho inkoliso yomsebenzi yenziwa khona ngesandla ngabafazi (uJerry Mthombothi, umququzeleli wophuhliso lwephondo laseMpumalanga uthi le ndawo phantse kungathiwa ixhatshazwa ngabafazi). Ifoto 4, yabantu abasentsimini abaphethe ii-umbrella zabo, yathathwa kuvavanyo lomboniso, lo gama ifoto yesi-5 neyesi-6 ziyeyamasimi abucala kule ndawo.
Amafama ale ndawo anikwa iitrektara noomatshini liSebe leZolimo laseMpumalanga kodwa naxa kunjalo inkoliso yomsebenzi usenziwa ngesandla - kukho iingxaki ezinkulu malunga nokwabelwa kwamaqela izixhobo eziya kufuna uqwalaselo olufanelekileyo xa kuza kufumaneka ukusetyenziswa kwazo okulungileyo okuya kuba lulwandiso-mali. Ngokomgaqo-siseko wokusebenzisana, yinto enokwenzeka ukwabelana ngezixhobo zezolimo nangeetrektara, kodwa umbuzo ngowokuba ukuzikhanda nokuzilondoloza kuya kwenziwa njani ngenxa yobunzima obungako bokulawula olo xanduva - ngubani kanye-kanye ofanele ukuphendula ngazo?
Iifoto 7 neyesi-8 zezikaMnu. Jerry Mthombothi (ekhohlo), umququzeleli wophuhliso lwephondo eMpumalanga kunye noMnu Boy Mokoena (umlimi) kuvavanyo lwaseBronkhorstspruit. Umbona ulunge kakhulu nangona ixesha lonyaka elineemvula lenze ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngoomatshini kube nzima.
UMnu. Mokoena yayingomnye wabalingwa kuKhutshiswano lwamaFama loNyaka ngowe-2007 - xa sasimbona ngoJuni 2007, wayezimisele ukukuyeka ukulima ngenxa yembalela. Kulo nyaka unama-400 ha ombona njengoko kuboniswe kwiifoto ezikhaphaya!
Maninzi amafama kule ndawo asebengabalimi abarhwebayo - ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula kuko kuphela okusengumqobo ekusafuneka uweliwe. Uzikiso lwethu esijolise kulo kwixesha lonyaka elizayo luya kuba sekutshatyalalisweni kokhula ngemichiza.
Iifoto 9 neye-10 zezovavanyo eDundonald, empuma xa umntu esiya ngaseSwaziland ukusuka eBadplaas. Ifoto 9 ibonisa isiphumo solawulo olulungileyo nomahluko phakathi kolu vavanyo nenye intsimi kwifoto 10 ucacile.
Iingxaki kule ndawo, njengoko kuqhelekile zibandakanya ukuthathwa kweesampulu, imihla yokutyala, amanani ezityalo, umsebenzi wokuchumisa nokutshatyalaliswa kokhula. Amafama kule ndawo akholisa ukutyala kwiindawana ezincinci zomhlaba oxhamlwa nangabanye abahlali.
Sivuyisana noMnu. Jerry Mthombothi ngomgangatho weemvavanyo zomboniso wakhe kwaye sijonge phambili ekufundeni nangaphezulu ngeentsuku zamafama ezicwangciselwe iinyanga ezizayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Opot.2008-07.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni imbewu yeoyile neyeprotheyini?
Ngokwekhasi lothungelwano lweSA Grains nolweOilseeds izityalo eziziinkozo zichongwa njengeesiriyeli ezifanele ukusetyenziswa njengokutya kwabantu. Imbewu yeoyile ikwakufanela ukutyiwa ngabantu kwaye inexabiso ngakumbi ngenxa yeoyile eyivelisayo. Izityalo eziziinkozo nembewu yeoyile eMzantsi Afrika ngamandongomane, yi-barley, yi-rye, ingqolowa, i-oats, umbona, amazimba, iimbotyi zesoy kunye noojongilanga.
Izityalo zembewu yeoyile zilinyelwa ubukhulu becala ukuba zivelise ioyile equlethwe yimbewu. Isiqulatho seoyile kwiinkozo ezincinci (ezinjengengqolowa) yi-1% - 2% kuphela; kanti eyembewu yeoyile isuka kuma-20% kwiimbotyi zesoy ukuya ngaphezulu kuma-40% ngoojongilanga nee-canola (imbewu ye-rape). Imithombo emikhulu yee-oyile zembewu ezityiwayo ziimbotyi zesoy, ngoojongilanga, yimbewu ye-rape (i-canola), umqhaphu kune namandongomane. Iioyile zembewu evela kwi-flax (i-linseed) nakwiimbotyi ze-castor zisetyenziswa ngeenjongo zoshishino. Amafutha atyiwayo neeoyile nangona kunjalo ayelelene ngokwesakhiwo seziqalelo eziyintsusa yazo. Amafutha ayaqina phantsi kobushushu begumbi, kanti iioyile zona zihlala zilulwelo.
Oojongilanga, amandongomane neembotyi zesoy zonke zizityalo zasehlotyeni - zityalwa entlakohlaza emva kokugqitha kwengozi yeqabaka (kaloku ziyivela kakhulu iqabaka) ukuze ke zikhule kwiinyanga zehlobo (kwimimandla yeemvula zasehlotyeni). Izityalo zithi zivuthwe ekwindla ukuze zikholise ukuvunwa emva kokuqalisa kweeqabaka zokuqala. Kwelinye icala i-canola isisityalo sasebusika - ikukuphela kwesityalo sembewu yeoyile esingayoyikiyo iqabaka.
Iinkozo ezivuniweyo ziqhutyelwa phambili ukuze kutsalwe iioyile. Amafutha neeoyile zizizondlo ezibalulekileyo kwaye zisetyenziswa njengeeoyile, iioyile zesaladi okanye ezokupheka okanye zisenokuqiniswa njengemajarini (nezinye iintlobo zamafutha okupheka). Ezi zifakelelo zeemveliso zingena endaweni yezo zezilwanyana (njengebhotolo okanye amafutha ehagu) kuba zona zingazaneli iimfuno zamanani abantu behlabathi ahlala esanda.
Intsalela esala emva kokuhluzwa kweoyile kwimbewu yeoyile ingumthombo obalulekileyo wezondlo zezilwanyana zasefama. Izidlo zembewu yeoyile ephuma kwiimbotyi zesoy, amandongomane, imbewu ye-rape nakwimbewu ye-flax zityebile ngeprotheyini - xa zidityaniswe nezinye izithako (ezifana neenkozo zeesiriyeli), zinika ukutya okunezondlo ezilungeleleneyo.
Igrafu 1: Imveliso yamandongomane eMzantsi Afrika.
Igrafu 2: Imveliso yeembotyi zesoy eMzantsi Afrika.
Igrafu 3: Imveliso yembewu kajongilanga eMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>PulaImvula. Organise(maize).xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze ukwazi ukuphumeza izicwangciso zakho zemisebenzi yexesha elizayo nokuze ukwazi ukufeza iinjongo zakho ngeshishini lakho, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ulungiselelo ngendlela efanelekileyo kwaye ithuba liselihle.
NgoJuni 2011 inqaku lePula/Imvula elithi, isicwangciso esingaphelelanga siphucukile kunesingekhoyo, ukwenza izicwangciso kuxoxwe ngako njengomsebenzi wolawulo. Umsebenzi wesibini wolawulo esiza kuxoxa ngawo lulungiselelo. Ulungiselelo luthetha ukuba kufuneka wenze amalungiselelo ngokwenkqubo efanelekileyo ngokuphathelene nokuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso zakho zemisebenzi yexesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, enyanisweni ukwenza izicwangciso nolungiselelo kaninzi kwenziwa ngexesha elinye. Okufanelekileyo kukuba ulungiselelo lubandakanye ukwenziwa kwesigqibo sokuba ngubani oza kwenza oza kwenza ntoni kwaye nini ekwenza phi kwaye njani nokwenza isigqibo malunga nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezifana noomatshini, izixhobo, izixhobo zokusebenza, izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo, iziseko zophuhliso kunye neenkxaso-mali eziza kufuneka ukuphumeza izicwangciso.
Ngoko ke ukuze njengomlimi ukwazi ukwenza ulungiselelo olufanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ubazi ubutyebi obusetyenziswayo onabo - obezinto ezibambekayo nobungabantu. Ngokuphathelene nabaqeshwa umlimi makazazi izakhono zobuchule zabo, imfundo, uqeqesho abanalo, abanako ukukwenza (okubambekayo, okobuchule nokweemvakalelo), amava, amandla nobuthathaka. Abaqeshwa mabasetyenziswe apho basebenza ngokubalasela khona kanti xa kunokwenzeka mabenze oko bakonwabela kakhulu. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukwenza amalungiselelo ngenx'engaphambili nokuqinisekisa ukuba uthutho oluyimfuneko, izixhobo, izixhobo zokusebenza, izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo amagalelo neenkxaso-mali ziya kufumaneka endaweni nangexesha elichanekileyo.
Ukuze ubani enze ulungiselelo makayibone yonke imisebenzi njengecwangciselweyo abeke nolwabiwo lwezinto ezisetyenziswayo emgangathweni ofanelekileyo ukuze afeze izicwangciso ekwenziwe izigqibo ngazo kuselithuba.
Ngokwemigqaliselo yolungiselelo olwenziwayo umntu unokudibanisa ukwenziwa kwezicwangciso nolungiselelo ngexesha elinye njengoko kubonisiwe kwitheyibhile 1. Lo mzekelo uqhutywa ukususela kumzekelo osetyenziswe kwinqaku elingaphambili malunga nokwenziwa kwezicwangciso.
Kuhlolwa intsimi yesihlanu.
Incwadi yokugcina iinkcukacha.
iihektare 3 - 10.
Ngabaqeshwa bethutyana aba-2.
Iitrektara ezimbini neenqwelo ezirhuqwayo.
Kuqwalaselwa izikhothwa nesondlo esinwenwayo.
Kuyalunyulwa, kuyaphawulwa, umthamo kujongwa ubunzima bamankonyana ali-100.
UMoloto, uAbram, noKagiso noHendrik.
Ihashe, incwadi yokugcina iinkcukacha.
Ihashe, incwadi yokugcina iinkcukacha.
Izibonelelo zokubamba iinkomo, izixhobo zokwandisa, amayeza nezixhobo zemilinganiselo yemithamo, isikali, incwadi yokugcina iinkcukacha.
Kulungiswa indlu yesithathu (kususwa ummandlalo omdlala).
Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
Indlu yokuqala neyesibini.
UJohanna, uMinah noJohannes.
USarah, uMonica noDawid.
Iziguphuli, iingxowa nenqwelo erhuqwayo.
Izixhobo zezibambo eziyekelelayo.
Kupeyintwa indlu yokusebenzela.
Izixhobo zokusebenza ezizezakho, njl.njl.
Ngokubhekiselele kulo mzekelo kucingelwa ukuba bonke abaqeshwa baqeqeshwe ngokwaneleyo kwaye banezakhono zobuchule ezifunekayo. Ngaphaya koko zonke ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo ziyafumaneka kwaye zilungele ukusetyenziswa. Ukuba akunjalo izicwangciso zakho nolungiselelo kuya kufuneka ukuba zolulwe ukuze zibandakanye uqeqesho lwabaqeshwa, ukulungiselelwa kobukho bezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo ukuze zilungele umsebenzi onguwo ofana nokutyalwa okanye ukutofwa kwemfuyo ekufuneka kwenziwe.
Lo ngumzekelo kuphela wendlela efanele ukulandelwa xa kusenziwa ulungiselelo kanti unokuhlengahlengiswa lula ukufanela iimeko nendlela ezikhethiweyo. Amava afunyenwe ngokwenza abonise ukuba luncedo olukhulu ukwenza izicwangciso nolungiselelo ngokubhala phantsi. Njengasekwenzeni izicwangciso, ulungiselelo lunokwenziwa encwadini yeziganeko zemihla ngemihla, nakuyo nayiphi incwadi, nasebhodini, ekhompyutheni okanye nakweyiphi indawo efanelekileyo.
Ngokufanayo naxa kusenziwa izicwangciso, ngethuba lenkqubo yolungiselelo umphathi makazinikele nakweminye imisebenzi yolawulo efana nobunkokeli, unxibelelwano, inkuthazo, ukwaba umsebenzi, uququzelelo, ukwenza izigqibo nokugcina ucwangco. Ububanzi bokuzibandakanya kule misebenzi buya kuxhomekeka ubukhulu becala ngokobukhulu beshishini.
Mayibe ngumlimi oqalisa ngolungiselelo, ukunxibelelana ngolungiselelo nabaqeshwa bakhe aze eze izigqibo malunga nolungiselelo (yeyiphi itrektara eza kusetyenziswa okanye isixhobo okanye abaphi abaqeshwa). Kwakhona makagcine ucwangco aze aququzelele ulungiselelo phakathi kwamacandelo eshishini. Kwakhona kufuneka akwazi ukwaba imisebenzi yolungiselelo xa kuyimfuneko oko; umlimi akanakukwazi ukuzenzela yonke into ngokwakhe.
Khumbula ukuba xa kukho omnye wemisebenzi yolawulo engenziwanga kakuhle, ishishini lakho lisenako ukuzuza inzuzo kodwa kungekudala okanye ethubeni - mhlawumbi ingayiminyaka emihlanu okanye elishumi okanye elide kunoko - ishishini lakho liya kutshitshiliza endaweni enye. Kanti oko kuya kuba ngumngeni wexesha elizayo - ukuba ulawulo lwakho aluphucuki ngonyaka ngamnye - ekugqibeleni ishishini lakho liya kuma ndawonye, kude kungabikho nzuzo efumanekayo nanini. Umntu akanakwenza izinto ngendlela efanayo ngonyaka ngamnye. Unokuyiphucula imeko ngokwandisa ingeniso yakho ngokunjalo/okanye ngokulawula iinkcitho zakho. Ulungiselelo olufanelekileyo lusisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuphumeza okukhankanywe ngasentla.
<fn>PulaImvula. Partneships.2010-01.xh.txt</fn>
Njengoko bekhukhankanyiwe kwithuba langaphambili, uphuhliso lomlimi alukhawulezi kwaye alungomsebenzi olula - lubandakanya abantu abahluka-hlukileyo, iintlobo zezifundo ezininzi ezahluka-hlukileyo kunye nexesha elininzi. Oku asinako ukukwenza sodwa yiloo nto kanye siyithakazelela kangaka inkxaso nokubandakanyeka kwaba bantu baninzi bangabanye.
Amathole District Municipality.
UKarel Taljaard - iSouth African Lime and Gypsum.
I-Khula - ithatha inxaxheba kwiiNtsuku zamaFama.
U-Cliffe Deacon ovela eAgricol - imbewu.
<fn>PulaImvula. Pest.2008-03.xh.txt</fn>
Ifoto 1: Abantu bafumene amava amabi eelahleko eziphezulu njengesiphumo sohlaselo lwempehla egqobhoza isikhondo.
Ifoto 2: Ingxelo jikelele ithi impehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona ibanga ilahleko engange-10% yesityalo esingumbona, kodwa ukusilela kwesixa esipheleleyo sesityalo kunokubakho.
Ifoto 3: Imibungu eseyikhulile izifihla ngengoophunguphungu kwisiseko sesikhondo sombona ngethuba lasebusika.
Impehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona sisibulali sezityalo esisoloko sikhona apho kulinywe khona umbona eAfrika - esi sibulali sezityalo sesomthonyama saseAfrika kwaye zininzi iintlobo zengca ezinika inkxaso kumjikelo wobomi baso.
Ingxelo jikelele ithi impehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona ibanga ilahleko eli-10% ngonyaka yesityalo sombona, kodwa kusenokubakho intsilelo epheleleyo yesityalo. Imibungu izondla ngamagqabi, ngesikhondo nakwizikhwebu zesityalo esingumbona.
Ukuqonda imiba ebalulekileyo ngomjikelo wobomi wesi sibulali sezityalo kuyimfuneko ukuze abantu bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo benolwazi malunga nokutshabalalisa olu tshaba. Imibungu eseyikhulile yempehla egqobhoza isikhondo izifihla njengoophunguphungu kwisiseko sesikhondo sombona esisele entsimini njengesikhondwana esisikiweyo ngethuba lasebusika. Aba phunguphungu baya kuphuhla njengesizukulwana sokuqala sovivingane ukuze babekele amaqanda aya kuqandusela emva kweentsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezilishumi.
Imibungu evelayo izondla iiveki ezintandathu ukuze emva koko ijike ibe ngoophunguphungu esikhondweni sesityalo esingumbona. Emva kweeveki ezintathu kuvela isizukulwana sesibini sovivingane ngamanani aphezulu kunawokuqala okanye awesithathu nokuba ngawoguquguquko lokugqibela.
Kummandla wentengiso ziliqela iindlela ezikhoyo zokutshabalalisa impehla yesikhondo. Enye yazo kukuyitshabalalisa ngemichiza, indlela yokukhetha imihlanganisela, iindlela zenkcubeko kunye nokuyitshabalalisa ngokwendalo. Le miqathango yokutshabalalisa ayiniki siqinisekiso sokutshabalalisa se-100%, kodwa inceda ekunciphiseni uhlaselo ize inike ulondolozo lwemveliso yombona.
Imichiza ebhaliselwe ukutshabalalisa impehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona ihlelwa njengezitshabalalisi zezibulali zezityalo ezichaphazela indawo edibene nazo nezichaphazela isityalo siphelele.
Inkolo yokuba iimveliso zexabiso eliphezulu zisebenza phucukileyo ngaphezulu kunezexabiso eliphantsi asiyonyaniso njengoko ezinye iimveliso zexabiso elinganeno zikwazi ukunika utshabalaliso olubalaseleyo. Ingxelo ethi utshabalaliso lunokuthatha ixesha elide kangangeeveki ezintandathu nalo luyathandabuzeka. Ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zokutshabalalisa ngemichiza, amafama mawaqiniseke ukuba ixesha lokuyifaka ichanekile. Ukutshiza ngokuqaphela imiqathango kudala kwabonisa ukungabi nasakhono kwaye akucetyiswa. Imiqathango malunga nokutshabalalisa ngemichiza inokuqatshelwa kuphela xa i-10% yentsimi ibonisa iimpawu zohlaselo ezibonisa "umonakalo wesiphango" apho imibungu ibizondla ngamagqabi.
Ukusebenzisa ixabiso lamandla e-10% nako kufuna ixesha elifanelekileyo lokufaka isitshabalalisi sesibulali sezityalo. Ukusifaka kanye kusenokunganeli njengoko ukuhlasela kunokubuyelela kwakhona kwithuba lamva. Kwixesha lonyaka lamva elifana neli kucetyiswa ukukhangela imibungu emincinci kakhulu nje phambi kokuphuma kwamanquma. Ukuba le mibungu mincinci ayitshatyalaliswa inokubanga ukonakala okupheleleyo kwezikhwebu. Utshabalaliso olunokubonwa njengoluphumeleleyo lunokuzuzwa de kuvele amanquma angangama-50%.
Ukwaziswa kwemihlanganisela yombona we-Bt kunciphise imfuno yokutshabalalisa izibulali zezityalo ngenxa yamandla okumelana kwemihlanganisela equlethe esi siqalelo semfuzo nohlaselo lwempehla egqobhoza isikhondo sombona. Esi siqalelo semfuzo sivuselela imveliso yetyhefu ebulala imibungu.
Ukuthintela uphuhliso lwemimiselo yokumelana okunxulumene nepesenti yombona ongenguwo owe-Bt oya kutyalwa nawo nalo we-Bt, kubhetele kwayanywe kulo we-Bt. Asiyiyo yonke imihlanganisela enesiqalelo semfuzo ye-Bt ekwaziyo ukumelana ngokulinganayo nempehla egqobhoza isikhondo kwaye oku makuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kukhethwa imihlanganisela ngexesha ngalinye lonyaka.
Abavelisi mabagqale ithuba leentsuku ezilishumi ezingqonge ukwenzeka kwamanquma xa imibungu emincinci inako ukuzondla ngoboya besityalo. Ngeli xesha ityhefu iyaxubeka eboyeni ngenxa yesiqulatho sayo samanzi esiphezulu ukuze oko kube nesiphumo sokusinda kweminye imibungu. Ukonakala kwesikhondo ngenxa yale mibungu isindileyo kuya kuqwalaselwa ngethuba lesivuno, kodwa njengoko umonakalo wenzeka ngexesha lamva kangangoko uya kusichaphazela kancinci isivuno. Le mibungu iya kuba zizandulela zoguquguquko lovivingane lokuqala kwixesha elilandelayo lonyaka. Xa ukhetha phakathi kokutshabalalisa ngemichiza nemihlanganisela ye-Bt kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo iindleko eziphezulu zemihlanganisela ye-Bt.
Amaxa okuhlakula ngexesha lasebusika ashiya izikhondwana zingqengqe ngaphezulu nto leyo encedisa ekunciphiseni uhlaselo lwempehla egqobhoza isikhondo kwixesha elizayo lonyaka ngenxa yokutyhileka koophungphungu kwingqele yasebusika nakwiintshaba zendalo, nto leyo ebanga ukucutheka kwamanani ezibulali zezityalo. Ukulima nokungcwatywa kwezikhondwana kude enzulwini esezantsi kuya kuthintela uvivingane ekukhuleni kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
Zikhona izidleleleli ezizondla kwimibungu nasemaqandeni, kodwa isiphumo soko asibalulekanga kangako malunga norhwebo. Uhlobo lwengca ye-napier etyalwe njengomamkeli okhethwayo wombona lusetyenziswa njengentsebenzo-matshini yolawulo ngabalimi abalima iintsimi ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo akukho sizathu sokuba abalimi abangabarhwebi bangayisebenzisi le ndlela njengoko ingca ye-napier isisondlo esincomeka ngokubalaseleyo sefula yesisele. Iintsebenzo-matshini zokutshabalalisa ngokwenkcubeko nangokwendalo azinamandla kakhulu xa zithelekiswa nokutshabalalisa ngemichiza nokusebenzisa ezobugcisa be-Bt.
Yinyaniso into yokuba iilahleko eziphezulu ziyafumaneka ngenxa yohlaselo lwempehla egqobhoza isikhondo. Imiqathango yotshabalaliso nolawulo lwezityalo oluncomekayo lubaluleke kakhulu ekuncitshisweni kweelahleko.
<fn>PulaImvula. PivotsMaize.2009-09.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: Isazulu esiJikelezwayo sibonisa ukuwa kwamanzi okuphezulu ecaleni komngcipheko kwesangqa esingaphandle. Khumbula ukuba umphandle wesazulu esijikelezwayo uhambela kude ukuze ugqibe isangqa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abe maninzi amanzi asebenziseka kude nesazulu esijikelezwayo.
Izixhobo zokuqala zokunkcenkcesha ngokutshiza okuziqhuba ngokwako zaqanjwa ngowe-1948 zaza zanikwa ubunini ngokwasemthethweni ngowe-1952 nguFrank Zybach eColorado eseMpuma kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo zaseMelika. Izixokelelwano zakuqala zaba sisiseko sophuhliso lwesazulu esijikelezwayo nezixokelelwano zonkcenkcesho ezihamba njengomkrozo.
Isakhono sazo sokufaka amanzi ngesantya esiphezulu, esincomeka kangako ngesimbo esithile.
Iqondo lazo eliphezulu lokuzenzela elingafuni basebenzi baninzi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela ezininzi.
Indima ebanzi eziyisebenzayo.
Isakhono sokufaka amanzi ngokoqoqosho nezityo ezinyibilika emanzini kwindima ebanzi yomhlaba naphantsi kweemeko zobume bomphandle.
Sona sizinzisa isazulu esijikelezwayo kwindawo esesizikithini kwaye iyindawo exakekileyo apho sonke isakhiwo siphelele sijikeleza khona.
Olu lulutho olusisiseko ekwakhiwa ngalo isazulu esijikelezwayo esakhiwa ngalo kwaye lwakhiwe ngombhombo ongundoqo apho amanzi aqukuqela khona, isakhelo esixhasa umbhobho nentsebenzo-matshini eqhubela phambili. Ubude bomgama wegophe akunyanzelekanga ukuba bufane kwaye bunako ukwahluka-hluka ukuze buhambelane neemeko zangaphandle okanye zikhucule okuphakathi kwesixhasi nomphezulu womhlaba kumhlaba othile.
Ungqameko ngumbhojana omncinci onezitshizi ezikholisa ukubanjwa ngeekheyibhile ngaphaya kochochoyi (iinkcochoyi) ezizezona zingaphandle ukuze kwande ummandla omanzisiweyo. Imipu yeziphelo zemithamo emikhulu nezixokelelwano zamagophe nayo isenokongezelelwa ukuya esiphelweni sikamatshini ukwandisa ummandla omanzisiweyo kwiikona okanye ukufikelela kwiindawo ezongezelelweyo. Oomatshini besazulu esijikelezwayo basenokuba nobude obungaphezulu kwii-metre ezili-1 000.
Nakuphi ukudityaniswa kweentlobo zobukhulu bemibhobho nemigama yamagophe kwisazulu esijikelezwayo esithile kunokuchongwa nenombolo engumfuziselo. Abenzi abahluka-hlukeneyo bezixhobo baneempawu zochazo ezahluka-hlukeneyo.
Umenzi ngamnye uya kunika iinkcukacha zokuphakama kokufikelela kwisityalo zobude obahluka-hlukeneyo bemigama yamagophe kuluhlu lwazo olujikelezayo. Ukufikelela kwisityalo kunokwahluka-hluka phakathi kwee-metre ezine kwimiyilo yodidi oluphakamileyo ukuya kwii-metre eziyi-0,3 kumyilo wodidi oluphantsi.
Ulwandiso-sakhono kwisazulu esijikelezwayo nesirhuqekayo lunokucaciswa kuphela xa kukho iindawo ezijikelezwayo eziphuhlisiweyo ezingaphezu kwendawo enye kumasimi ahluka-hlukeneyo kwaye isicwangciso malunga nezityalo namadlelo sivumela ukongezelelwa kwezityalo ezinokulinywa.
Umhlaba nobume bomhlaba - imihlaba eludongwe namathambeka anqamlezayo anako ukuthintela uthutho.
Kuvumeleke inani elithile elilelona likhulu lemigama yamagophe anokurhuqwa.
Indlela ebude buzii-metre ezi-6 enomphezulu omcaba mawubekho phakathi kweendawo ezijikelezwayo. Kunqande okanye gqala xa ushenxisa indawo ejikelezwayo phezu kweendulana zeekhonto nefolo.
Umdibaniso wemigama yamagophe - yimigama yamagophe athile kuphela enokushenxiswa.
Umqukuqelo wamandla ombane mawuvalwe phambi kokushenxisa.
Ukugobeka kwendawo ejikelezwayo. Isiqhagamshela esigobekayo sivumela iindawo ezijikelezwayo ukushenxiseka kumathambeka angaphezulu kwi-4% ukuya kuma-30% aqengqelekela ezantsi okanye anyukayo ukuya phezulu.
Umatshini wesazulu esijikelezwayo ujikeleza ngokwesangqa ngaphaya kwesakhiwo sombhobho osisiseko kwisizikithi sentsimi ukuze kwicandelo elinkcenkceshwayo kubo nabuphi ubume obusisangqa kubandakanywe iindawo zezangqa ezinganeno kumaqondo angama- 360Â°. Ufikelelo lwama-80% - 90% omhlaba oskwere lunako ukuba khona. Ipesenti yommandla onkcenkceshwayo kwimigama eyahluka-hlukileyo yesazulu esijikelezwayo apho isangqa esisesona singaphakathi siqulethe ama-25% kuphela endawo epheleleyo enkcenkceshwayo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ama-75% endawo enezityalo afumaneka kwisiqingatha esingaphandle somgama osisangqa.
Kumosha amanzi, amandla nemali.
Abavelisi nabaphathi bomsebenzi wokunkcenkcesha abalandela ngoqwalaselo amanqanaba okufuma komhlaba basandisa kakhulu isakhono sawo sokulondoloza amanzi namandla, benza izivuno zezityalo ezininzi kangangoko kufanelekile kwaye kuthinteleka ukhukuliseko lomhlaba nokungcoliseka kwamanzi. Ulawulo lokunkcenkcesha lubandakanya ulondolozo lwemo efanelekileyo engqonge ukulinywa kwezityalo, ngakumbi ngokuthintela imihlaba ukuba ingabi manzi kakhulu kwaye ingomi kakhulu. Akukho mntu ufanele ukwazi kangangokuba usazi ngamasimi akho, izityalo nokunkcenkcesha.
Isazulu esijikelezwayo sisixhobo esikhulu sokugalela amanzi kwizityalo, kodwa xa singalawula kakuhle sinako ukusilela, njengaso nasiphi isixokelelwano sokunkcenkcesha. Ngezantsi kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezinokuqwalaselwa malunga nolawulo.
Izazulu ezijikelezwayo zinika inguqunguquko eninzi kwaye zisetyenziswa ngempumelelo enkulu ekuntshulisweni kwezityalo, ekunikweni kwezibulali-lukhula isakhono, ekufakweni kwezibulali-zinambuzane, izibulali zokhula nezibulali zomngundo ziphinda zisetyenziselwe ukunikwa kwezityalo izichumiso ze-nitrogen ngokweemfuno zazo. Isazulu esijikelezwayo sinesakhono esingafane nezinye sokufaka iintwana zamanzi ngokukhawuleza okuthe chatha. Xa umlimi engena kwizazulu ezijikelezwayo, makaqonde ukuba indlela ankcenkcesha ngayo kufuneka iguquke. Endaweni yokufaka i-1,5 ukuya kwi- 2,0 yeeintshi ngokufakela ngokunye, kusenokuba kokona okulungileyo ukufaka eso sixa ngokwamagcuntswana amabini ukuya kwamathathu ahamba ngokwahlukana. Ukuzama ukufaka amanzi amaninzi ngexesha elinye kunokuba nesiphumo seengxaki zokuqengqelekela kwawo okunganqwenelekiyo kwamanye amasimi nemizila yamavili.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba umlimi ulawula amanzi kummandla wengcambu. Ukuba umlimi uhleli ithuba elide phambi kokuba ankcenkceshele, kuba nzima kumaxa athile ukuba akwazi ukunqanda inkxwaleko yezityalo. Oku kunokuba yingxaki malunga nabalimi abangazange bankcenkceshe kwithuba langaphambili, njengoko bengaqondi ukuba kuthaha ithuba elide ukwenza imimangaliso ukususela ngexesha lokuqalisa. Musa ukoyika ukubuyela kwisazulu esijikelezwayo, oko kunako ukuba nembuyiselo enkulu.
Kumaxa amaninzi, kukwakho ithuba lokulondoloza amanzi ngenxa yesicwangciso esilungileyo sokunkcenkcesha. Njengalo naluphi uhlobo lwesixokelelwano sokunkcenkcesha, kubalulekile ukulandela ngoqwalaselo ukufuma okusemhlabeni ukuze amanzi afakwe kuphela xa efuneka. Oku kungaba nesiphumo sokugcineka kwamanzi namandla ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulisa.
Isazulu esijikelezwayo silulwandiso-mali olukhulu kwaye njengoko sigxunyekwa emasimini singagcinwa kwishedi yoomatshini, maxa wambi abalimi bakholisa ukulibala ngolondolozo lwaso olusisiseko abanokucinga ngalo. Ukuba uyazenzela ngokwakho, nazi iingongoma ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo onokucinga ngazo.
Khupha ioyile uze ufake enye kuzo zonke ii-gearboxes zamavili okuqhuba nakwii-gearboxes zokuqhuba ezisesizikithini. Qiniseka ukuba usebenzisa ioyile yomenzi. Tshintsha ioyile kwii-gearboxes qho kunyaka wesithathu obona buncinci emva koku, phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ngokwesiqhelo. Ukuba umlimi usebenzisa umatshini kwiiyure ezingphezulu kwezili-1 000 ngonyaka, ngoko ke tshintsha ioyile kwii-gearboxes qho ngonyaka okanye qho emva konyaka omnye.
Qwalasela isithiyiseli sesanti ukuqinisekisa ukuba isanti ayicukani. Khucula ukuba kukho imfuneko.
Qinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sibekwe kakuhle phantsi.
Khupha indawo ejikelezwayo nayo yonke imidibaniso yamanzi ukuze ijikelezwe.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ixesha lokubeka phantsi izixhobo ngexesha lonyaka lokunkcenkcesha lisenokukubeka emngciphekweni maxa wambi. Kufuneka uqwalasele ulondolozo lwesazulu esijikelezwayo sakho njengolubaluleke okweenkqubo zolondolozo zeetrektara, izixhobo zokutyala, nezixhobo zokuvuna.
<fn>PulaImvula. Plan(maize).2010-10-13.xh.txt</fn>
Eli nqaku ligqaliselwe ekukhuthazeni umlimi ngamnye okwinkqubo yokufuna umhlaba kodwa likwabalulekile nakwabo bethu asele benawo umhlaba ukuba sisoloko siqwalasela imeko yethu senze uhlalutyo malunga nokuphila kwethuba elide kweefama zethu njengeshishini.
Ubunini bomhlaba sebungumbandela okhokelwa ziimvakalelo kwaye sebusetyenziswa njengeqonga lomdlalo wamanqindi kwezopolitiko. Nangona kunjalo, umlimi oza kuphumelela xa lufumaneka ufikelelo emhlabeni nokuba kungayiphi indlela, uya kuba ngumlimi olandela indlela yobungcali ngokuhlalutya ngeliso elibukhali yonke imibandela ekuxoxwe ngayo ngezantsi.
Yinyaniso ukuba nangona kukho ilifu lokubhideka nokunganeliseki elijikeleza umba wokubuyiselwa komhlaba kwinqanaba lomndilili, iifama ezininzi sezithengwe ngempumelelo ngokwesiseko somthengi onolangazelelo nomthengisi onolangazelelo kanti ikwayinyaniso into yokuba zezithile kuphela kwezo fama ezigqithiselwe kwiindlalifa ezichongeke njengeziwufumeneyo umhlaba. Abo bethu abaqwalasele le nkqubo yokugqithiselwa komhlaba kodwa abangenamandla egunya sisenemibuzo emininzi malunga nemiqathango yokukhetha esetyenziselwa ukuchonga iindlalifa. Kaninzi sizivile iindaba ezichulumancisayo zokufunyanwa komhlaba, kodwa kuthe kungekomi ne-inki ebhale loo ngxelo ephepheni sabe sesifunda ezinye iindaba zokusilela okuyimbuqe kwayo yona loo "projekthi"!
NgoMatshi 2010, uMphathiswa woPhuhliso lwaseMaphandleni nezeMihlaba, uGugile Nkwinti, uvumile ukuba iinkqubo zikarhulumente zokubuyiselwa komhlaba azikwazanga ukuphumelela ngokunjalo nokuba iindlalifa ezininzi zisilele ekuzuzeni impumelelo yorhwebo emhlabeni wazo wokufama. Le ngxaki isisothuso esingqale kumgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente wokubuyiselwa komhlaba ojoliswe ekugqithiselweni komhlaba wokulima ongama-30% kubalimi abamnyama ngowama-2014. Enyanisweni oku lilishwa leshwangusha! Bonke abadlali beendima baseGrain South Africa nakwiTyathanga leXabiso loKutya okuZiinkozo (Grain Value Chain) ngokubanzi bakholelwa ngokungagungqiyo ukuba ugqithiselo lomhlaba olungenamagingxi-gingxi nolunempumelelo lubaluleke kakhulu kuzinzo lwethuba elide nakwimpumelelo yezolimo nokuba lusisitshixo ekuqinisekisweni kokhuseleko lokutya phakathi kwesizwe sethu.
Kunzima ukwazi ukuba ingaba abo banikwe umsebenzi wolwabiwo ngokutsha komhlaba bahlalutye baza bachonga iindlalifa ezifanelekileyo na. Kufuneka sikholwe ukuba ngaphaya kokufakana ngokubuqhinga bokwazana emsebenzini nokusebenzisa umkhethe kuya kubakho inkqubo yokuphatha abantu bonke ngokufanayo nenako ukusebenziseka kwaye ilawulwe ngengqiqo efanelekileyo kusenzelwa ubulungisa esizweni kunye nokubuyiselwa komhlaba okufanelekileyo. Kulapho ke umlimi oyingcali yenene nonomnqweno wokuthembeka emsebenzini wokuba ngumlimi ngentliiziyo nangomphefumlo wakhe wonke anokuzilungiselela ngokwakhe. Abantu abanephupha lokwenza umsebenzi wokulima emhlabeni ongowabo nabanethemba lokuzuza okuthile kumgaqo-nkqubo wokubuyiselwa komhlaba wethuba langoku, mabazilungiselele ngenkqubo enobugoci-goci yokwenza izicwangciso ezicingisiswe kakuhle. Mabakwazi ukuphembelela ukuzithemba kwabo ngelinge lokuphumelela njengabalimi abatsha. Okwenzeka kaninzi kukuba abahlala ethembeni basuke bathembele kwintlantsi yethamsanqa kunokuzityhala ukuba babe ziingcali ezisebenza nzima ukwenza izicwangciso nokuzilungiselela kubunini obunokufumaneka bomhlaba ongowabo ngenye imini.
Uluvo ngalunye ngeshishini luqala ukuphila kanye njengembewu - equlethwe yaza ywachazwa kwisicwangciso seshishini. Akukho nalinye ilinge lobuchwepheshe lokuqalisa okanye lokwandisa ishishini elinokuqala ngaphandle kwabaxhasi nababolekisi bemali kanti isicwangciso seshishini sisixhobo esizele iinyaniso namanani amele umyalezo wokuthundeza umyalezo wesizathu sokuba "iphupha" lakho likufanele ukunikwa inkxaso ukuze libe yimfezeko yenene! Sesi sicwangciso seshishini esimela wena njengengcali eneenjongo ezinako ukusebenza kwaye sikwenza ukuba uthembeke kuba sichaza amanyathelo oza kuwathatha ukuba ufikelele kwezo njongo. Isicwangciso seshishini siya kubandakanya imiba ephambili etyhila ingqiqo yakho ngamathuba eshishini kwaye siya kunika iinjongo zethuba elifutshane nezethuba elide ngoko ke kufuneka unike ithuba lexesha lobukho beshishini kwizicwangciso zakho. Indlela yobungcali oyisebenzisayo iya kubonisa ukuba uziqhelanisile nommandla owundululayo wentengiso yakho kubandakanywa uqwalaselo lwawo onke amathuba nemiqobo ekhoyo. Ewe ke, kuba sukuba ufuna ukwanelisa abaxhasi onokubafumana, uza kugxininisa kwicala leemfezeko zamandla njengomlimi onolwazi nothando olushushu kunye nenkxaso eyimfuneko evela kwabanye abalimi nakwezinye iingcali kumsebenzi wothungelwano lokulima.
Isicwangciso ngasinye seshishini lomsebenzi wokufama sifuna ukuvavanywa nkalo zonke zefama njengeshishini elinye. Isicwangciso masibandakanye isimo seemali njengohlahlo lwabiwo-mali nezandiso zexesha elizayo. Eli libakala elibaluleke kakhulu kwishishini ngakumbi kwimeko yogqithiselo lomhlaba lwethuba langoku, njengoko ingxaki echazwa qho kukuba urhulumente unika umhlaba kwiindlalifa akugqiba athi shwaka eshiya abantu abangazilungiselelanga nabangaxhotyiswanga bengafumani nkxaso malunga nokubekwa iliso ukuze bafumane ukukhokelwa, uphuhliso lwezakhono zobuchule okanye iimali-mboleko zemveliso. Kona ukufumana isipho somhlaba ngummangaliso, luchulumancokodwa! Umntu weenjongo ezisebenzayo uzilungiselela kakuhle kwaye uyazi ukuba onke amaphupha afuna igalelo lemali ukuze abe ngamaphupha afezekayo naqhuba ixesha elide. Nabani unako ukutyala imbewu emhlabeni...kodwa asinguye wonke onokuyikhulisa ukuze ithwale isiqhamo! Zimisele ukucela uncedo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkxaso-mali zakho zinako ukwenzeka kwaye uzithembile ngokuthi uyakwazi ekufuneka ukwenzile ukuze ilinge lakho lefama lisebenze.
Sichaze isindululo sakho sokwenza ishishini lakho elisaqalayo malunga nomsebenzi wokufama.
Salathe amava akho kananjalo sicacise ukuthembeka kwakho ngokunika izizathu zokuba kutheni inguwe umlingwa ofanelekileyo.
Sibonise ukuba uwuqwalasele umcimbi womhlaba osowunawo, imozulu yethuba langoku kwintsimi yakho ojolise kuyo kananjalo uwachongile namathuba okuthengisa nawommandla wentengiso.
Simisele iinjongo zakho nokuchonga iingxaki ezinokubakho ezinokuba ngumqobo othintela impumelelo yeshishini lakho elisaqalayo.
Ngokuqinisekileyo lo ngumcimbi ofuna ukuqwalaselwa ngeliso elibukhali ngumlimi ngamnye kwaye ngumceli-mngeni oxhalabisayo kumaxesha angoku apho abalimi bafumana ukhutshiswano lwabalimi abasehlabathini nabakude ngeemayili ezingamawaka-waka! Abalimi kufuneka babukele imimandla yentengiso yonke imihla kanti maxa wambi benze izigqibo ngokuthengisa isivuno sabo naxa izityalo zabo zisengamagatyana asathambileyo aluhlaza emasimini! Isicwangciso sokuthengisa esicacileyo masisoloko sikhapha inkqubo yemveliso kuba akulunganga ukukhulisa isityalo ongenakufumana bathengi ngaso abazimiseleyo ukuhlawula amaxabiso aya kuqinisekisa ukuba onke amalinge akho okukhulisa aya kuzuzela ishishini lakho inzuzo efanelekileyo ebonisa inkqubela.
Iindleko zokufumana izixhobo nokhuselo olwenzelwa iindleko zolondolozo.
Iindleko zegalelo lokutyala isityalo sakho sokuqala.
Iindleko zohambo neendleko zamafutha okubasela.
A contractor's costs should be a part of your calculations if you decide that it's best not to invest in all the necessary machinery at once.
A key aspect to your financial plan will be a cash flow statement and this is usually done with the help of a professional book keeper or bank advisor.
<fn>PulaImvula. Planning(maize).2011-06-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuze ishishini libe nempumelelo, kufuneka lilawulwe kakuhle. Sibalulekile kakhulu isicwangciso esilungileyo kuba sisiseko apho yonke eminye imisebenzi yolawulo imiselwa khona.
Ukulawula ngendlela elungileyo kuthetha ukuba imisebenzi emine yolawulo - ukwenza izicwangciso, ukwenza ulungiselelo, ukuphumeza nokuqwalasela mayenziwe kakuhle, umsebenzi ngamnye ufumane ingqalelo eyimfuneko ukuze ishishini ligcinwe lisebenza kakuhle kwixesha leminyaka ngenjongo yokumisela iinjongo, ezifana nokwenza inzuzo.
Ukwenza izicwangciso ngokuqinisekileyo makube ngowona msebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu womlimi njengoko kusisiseko apho yonke imisebenzi yakhe yokufama isekwa khona. Ukwenza izicwangciso kunokuchazwa njengokuqikelela imisebenzi yexesha elizayo eyimfuneko ekuzuzweni kweenjongo ezithile zeshishini nokubalula imisebenzi kuyilo oluthile (izicwangciso) lokuphumeza loo misebenzi.
Kaninzi kucingeleka ukuba umntu akanakwenza isicwangciso esisiso kwimeko yokufama ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi wokufama uphenjelelwa ziimeko ezingenakuqinisekiswa nomngcipheko, ofana neemeko zemozulu, izifo, inkxaso kunye nokungazinzi kwamaxabiso amagalelo naweemveliso. Imingcipheko elolo hlobo nezimo ngezimo iphathelene nemveliso kwezolimo kunjalo nje ayinakuphikiswa kwaye ingumceli-mngeni ngokuphathelene nezicwangciso kwishishini lokufama. Nangona kunjalo, isicwangciso esingaphelelanga sibhetele kunesingekhoyo. Kucetyiswa ukwenza isicwangciso ngokomyinge wonyaka nokulungelelanisa izicwangciso xa kunokubakho iimeko ebezingacingelekanga phakathi enyakeni.
Kufuneka kwenziwe ntoni?
Kufuneka yenziwe phi?
Kufuneka yenziwe nini?
Ukwenza izicwangciso kufuna ukuba izicwangciso zibalulwe ngokuzibhala kwaye kufuneka ukuqeqesheka. Umntu makazenze aphinde azenze zide zibe sisiqhelo. Ukwenza izicwangciso kusenokuba kwincwadi yeziganeko zemihla ngemihla, ebhodini yohlobo oluthile, ekhompyutheni okanye kwenye into. Ngokuya usenza izicwangciso ngale ndlela ziya ngokuba yinto ekhoyo nenako ukwenzeka kuba zisekwe kumava nakulwazi lwethuba elidlulileyo.
Ukwenza izicwangciso kukholisa ukusekwa nokwenziwa ngokwexesha lonyaka ngamnye. Okuza kwenziwa kunyaka ozayo efama. Nangona kunjalo kufuneka sibe khona isicwangciso sethuba elide esisekwe kokuza kuveliswa kwithuba lexesha elide.
Esi sisicwangciso esibanzi kakhulu esalatha okucwangciselweyo okuza kuveliswa efama kwithuba elide - ukufikelela kwiminyaka emihlanu okanye nangaphezulu. Umzekelo, ukwenza isicwangciso sokuvelisa iihektare ezingama-500 zezityalo zemali esesandleni ngonyaka ngamnye, ukuvelisa inyama esuka endle nokuvelisa iinkuku zenyama.
Ngokubanzi oku kufanele ukwalatha inyathelo jikelele elifanele ukugqitywa kunyaka ozayo elifana nokupeyinta isakhiwo esithile, ukufaka isibiyeli esitsha, ukulondoloza izibiyeli, ukuthenga elinye ikhuba, izifundo/iintsuku zamafama ekuza kuyiwa kuzo nezinye izinto.
Okuza kuveliswa ncam ngonyaka uphelele, ingakanani, njani kwaye imveliso nganye iza kuthengiswa njani.
Ukulima iihektare ezingama-400 zombona otyheli ukwenzela imveliso yefama, intsalela iza kuthengiswa ngokobhambathiso kwindawo yokugcina isondlo.
Ukulima iihektare ezili-100 zikajongilanga, emazithengiswe ngobhambathiso ngalunye.
Ukuvelisa ama-200 eenkatyana zeenkomo zenyama ezineenyanga ezingama-20 ubudala endle neziza kuthengiswa kuBhaza-bhaza weVenkile iYYY.
Ukuvelisa iinkuku zenyama ezingama-40 000 ngenyanga nganye eziza kuthengiswa eXXX Chicken Wholesalers.
Ukupeyinta indawo yokusebenzela nesitora seetrektara.
Ukwakha idama kwikampu ye-9.
Ukukhanda nokugcina zonke izibiyeli.
Ukususela kwisicwangciso sonyaka - isicwangciso ngokubanzi neseemveliso - kunokuhlanganiselwa isicwangciso senyanga nganye.
Ngokubanzi - ukupeyinta indawo yokusebenzela nesitora seetrektara.
Isicwangciso seemveliso - malunga nombona kuhlolwa onke amasimi ukuze ngojongilanga kuvunwe iihektare ezili-100.
Iinkomo - zonke izilwanyana zinikwa isikhothwa sasebusika, onke amathole anikwa isondlo esinabayo, kulunyulwa amathole okuqala, kuqikelelwa ubunzima bawo kuze kuphawulwe onke amathole, amathole anikwa ithamo lechiza elinguzifo-zonke kwaye kufunyaniswa ubunzima bemizimba yazo zonke izilwanyana.
Iinkuku zenyama - kwenziwa yonke imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, thengisa indlu yesibini uze ulungise indlu yesithathu ukwenzela isicuku esitsha zamantshontsho.
Ekuqaleni kwenyanga izicwangciso zeveki, ngeveki nganye yenyanga ziyenziwa. Iziseko zezicwangiciso zeveki nganye zizicwangciso zenyanga, ngokubanzi nangokuphathelene nemveliso.
nokwalatha ngeenkcukacha ezithe chatha okuza kwenziwa ngosuku ngalunye kwiveki elandelayo.
Umzekelo: Iveki 9 - 13 Meyi 2011.
Ukuqwalasela isikhothwa sasebusika, isondlo esandayo.
Ukulumla, ukuphawula, ukunika ithamo, ukulinganisa ubunzima bamathole ali-100.
Ukulungisa indlu yesithathu.
Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla indlu yokuqala neyesibini.
Ukuqwalasela isikhothwa sasebusika, isondlo esandayo.
Ukulumla, ukuphawula, ukunika ithamo, ukulinganisa ubunzima bamathole ali-100.
Ukulungisa indlu yesithathu.
Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla indlu yokuqala neyesibini.
Ukuqwalasela isikhothwa sasebusika, isidlo esandayod.
Ukucoca iziphathi zamanzi ezilishumi.
Ukulungisa indlu yesithathu.
Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla indlu yokuqala neyesibini.
Ukuqwalasela isikhothwa sasebusika, ukuqwalasela isidlo esandayoreep feed.
Ukucoca zonke iziphathi zamanzi.
Ukulungisa indlu yesithathu.
Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla indlu yokuqala neyesibini.
Ukuqwalasela isikhothwa sasebusika, isidlo esandayo.
Ukukhanda isango lesibaya.
Ukulungisa indlu yesithathu.
Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla indlu yokuqala neyesibini.
(Ifanele ukugqitywa namhla).
Xa lilifutshane ithuba lesicwangciso makufakwe iinkcukacha ezithe chatha. Kwakhona khumbula ukuba izicwangciso azikwazi kungaguquki, ngakumbi kwishishini lokufama. Zininzi iziganeko ebezingabonakali ngaphambili, ezifana nemililo yasethafeni, ukwaphuka kwezinto, ukugula nezinye izinto.
Ukwenza izicwangciso njengomsebenzi wolawulo usisiseko sokwenza ulungiselelo nokuphumeza okuza kuxoxwa kwinqaku lexesha elizayo. Ngaphandle kokwenziwa kwezicwangciso kwakhona akusayi kubakho lawulo lufanelekileyo kuba ukwenza izicwangciso kulinyathelo lokuqala emsebenzini wolawulo ngokumisela imigangatho eyimfuneko yolawulo.
Ngethuba lokwenza izicwangciso nakwelokwenza ulungiselelo, ukuphumeza nokuqwalasela umphathi kufuneka azinikele kweminye imisebenzi yolawulo efana nobunkokeli, unxibelelwano, ukukhuthaza, ukwaba imisebenzi, ukuququzelela, ukwenza izigqibo nokugcina ingqeqesho. Umda wobandakanyo kule misebenzi uya kuqikelelwa ngobukhulu beshishini.
<fn>PulaImvula. Planning(wheat).2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
Msinyane emva kokuvuna isityalo sakho sengqolowa sango-2010 makuqalise izicwangciso ezineenkcukacha ezipheleleyo zexesha lonyaka elizayo. Eli lithuba elihle lokuqwalasela okwenzeke kunyaka ophelileyo nelokuvavanya imibandela ngemibandela yolawulo neyemveliso yesityalo edlale indima ekufumaniseni umgangatho wasekugqibeleni nowesivuno sesityalo.
Ukuba iingxelo zembali azigcinwanga malunga nentsimi nganye, ngoku lixesha elihle lokusebenzisa iinkcukacha zonyaka ophelileyo ukuze uqalise inkqubo yokugcina iingxelo.
Ukuba isicwangciso seshishini, kubandakanywa ukwenziwa kwezicwangciso zomda ombaxa ngesityalo ngasinye, sasenziwe kunyaka ophelileyo, izixa eziphathekayo ezazisetyenzisiwe ngokunjalo neendleko zazo mazithelekiswe ngokuqaphela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwentsusa. Imibandela ephembelela mhlawumbi amagalelo ezinto eziphathekayo nezoqoqosho ngokunjalo neemeko zemozulu ezibe neempembelelo kwimpumelelo okanye kwintsilelo yesityalo esithile zinokuqatshelwa zandule ukuhlalutyelwa inguquko okanye ukuphembelela impucuko.
Iingxelo ezisisiseko semiba elandelayo yezinto eziphathekayo malunga namasimi mazigcinwe kwaye zihlaziywe qho ngonyaka ngamnye: igama lefama, ummandla wefama, indawo iphelele, iindawo zomhlaba olimekayo, amadlelo okutyisa impahla, amadlelo aphuculiweyo, ukunkcenkceshela, umzi, iishedi zefama nezakhiwo.
Intsimi nganye kwifama nganye mayibekwe iliso malunga namagalelo alandelayo ezinto eziphathekayo: indawo yentsimi ubunzulu bomhlaba, uhlobo lomhlaba, ukuchuma komhlaba, iinguquko zesimo kwiminyaka ngeminyaka. (Ukuba ziyafumaneka kwiziphumo zovavanyo lomhlaba), kwimijikeleziso yezityalo nakwizicwangciso zokujikeleziswa kwezityalo, isityalo esilinywe mva kubandakanywa nemihla yokulima, izityalo eziyimihlanganiselwa, izixa zokutyalwa kwembewu, imvula eqhelekileyo, imvula efunyenwe ngethuba lefusi phambi kokutyalwa kwesityalo ngasinye, imvula efunyenwe ngethuba lokukhulisa, ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula okusetyenzisiweyo (kubandakanywa iintlobo zemichiza nezantya zokuyifaka eziphunyeziweyo neziphumo zakho), izibulali-zinambuzane ezisetyenzisiweyo neziphumo zazo, isivuno sesityalo nomgangatho.
Iindleko zezichumiso zezinye zeendleko ezinkulu zamagalelo angqalileyo kwinkqubo yokulima izityalo. Ukusetyenziswa okuncomekayo kwenkqubo yesichumiso ecwangciselweyo kwixesha ngalinye kumaxesha alandelelanayo onyaka kuya kubonisa imveliso yezona zivuno ziphezulu zifanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukusazi isimo somhlaba wakho ngakumbi emva kwesivuno esiphezulu sezityalo nasemva kwemvula egqithisileyo efunyenwe kwiindawo ezithile enokuba ikhukulise izondlo zezityalo eziliqela ezibalulekileyo. Ukuvela kwebala elityheli ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-nitrogen ne-sulphur kuye kwacaca kwimimandla yokufama eliqela kwixesha lonyaka elidlulileyo. Ngokuphathelene nomyinge wesityalo ongasentla ubungakanani bezondlo ezisusiweyo mabubuyiselwe ngezinye ezifakwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo esilandelayo sinako ukufikelela kwizivuno ezilindelekileyo. Ngengqalelo yalo mbandela, makuthathwe iisampulu zomhlaba kwintsimi nganye yengqolowa eza kusetyenziselwa imveliso ize ithunyelwe ngenjongo yohlalutyo.
Makuthathwe amanyathelo aliqela ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokufaka ikalika nokuvavanya izichumiso ifanele umsebenzi wakho wokufama. La manyathelo abandakanya ukuqokelelwa nokukhathalelwa kweesampulu zomhlaba, iinkqubo zovavanyo ezifanelekileyo, izikhokelo eziphandwe ngocoselelo zokutolika iziphumo, uphuhliso lweengcebiso ngezixa zezondlo ezichanekileyo kunye nonxulumaniso lweemfuneko zezondlo zezityalo ezicetyiswayo nenkqubo yolawulo lwezondlo iphelele.
Injongo yokuvavanya umhlaba kukuqikelela isakhono somhlaba sokunikela ngezondlo ezifunwa zizityalo ezikhulayo nokufumanisa ngoxilongo naziphi iingxaki zomhlaba ezinokuthintela ukukhula nokuphuhla kwezityalo okuncomekayo. Xa kuthethwa gabalala, izityalo zixhomekeke ngakumbi kwizondlo ezikwizichumiso ngokokwanda kwamanqanaba ovavanyo lomhlaba. Uvavanyo lomhlaba oluphathelene nesiqulatho sodongwe nalo luvumela imilinganiselo echanekileyo yemichiza ezizitshabalalisi zokhula kwinkqubo yokutshatyalaliswa kokhula.
Kubalulekile ukuthatha isampulu kwintsimi nganye. Umhlaba wobukhulu behektare onobunzulu be-15 cm unobunzima obumalunga neetoni ezingama-2 400 ngokokuxhomekeka kubunzulu bokulima, uqukaniselo lwamatye nentlabathi kunye nokugangatheka. Ekugqibeleni isampulu ethunyelwa elabhoratri inokuba nobunzima be-0,5 yekhilogram kanti kuyo ligcuntswana nje lee-gram kuphela elinokuhlalutywa. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukukhetha ecaleni amasimi anobunzulu bomhlaba obahluka-hlukileyo neentlobo zomhlaba ezahluka-hlukileyo kunye neendawo ezithile ezisemasimini ezingeyonxenye yentsimi epheleleyo. Isesisithethe ukuba abalimi bafake isichumiso ngokwezixa ezilinganiswe kwibloko iphelele yentsimi ngaphandle kokuba kufakwe isixhobo sokuncedisa ngokulandela umzila esifana ne-GPS naxa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingafaniyo zokufaka izichumiso eziqhotyoshelwe kwisixhobo sokutyala.
Akutshiwo ukuba uvavanyo lubhetele kunesampulu eqokelelwe entsimini. Khumbula ukuba kukho umahluko ohamba ufumaneka phakathi kweendawo ezahluka-hlukileyo zamasimi. Kwixesha elidlulileyo isampulu eqokelelwe rhoqo emva kweehektare ezilishumi zebloko yentsimi bezibonwa njengezaneleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kucetyiswa ukuthenga okanye ukuboleka isixhobo sokugqobhoza (i-auger) ukuze uhambe ngokwesimbo samajiko-jiko kuyo yonke intsimi ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi, ube nabantu ababini omnye aphathe ingxowa ngesampulu nganye kwaye uthathe kwingxam yobunzulu obuphakathi kwe-15 nama-20 cm kodwa bungabi ngaphezu kwama-20 cm.
Ibhokisi yesampulu mayiphawulwe kakuhle ngenombolo yentsimi, igama, idilesi yefama, iinombolo zoqhagamshelwano nomhla wokuthathwa kwesampulu ukuthintela nakuphi ukubhidaniseka okunokubakhona elabhoratri. Kubhetele ukuwenza wonke lo msebenzi ugqitywe entsimini ukuze kungabikho kubhidaniswa kweesampulu okwenziwayo. Iisampulu zomhlaba mazingaqokelelwa kwiindawo ezingezizo ezifana nephondo lomhlaba olungena elwandle, emiseleni efileyo, kwiindawo zokugcina ifula endala evundisiweyo, kwiindulana ezisezantsi okanye kwiindawo ezikhukulisekileyo.
Ngoku bubuchule obunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa iiNkqubo Jikelele zokuBona iNdawo ekuYo iNto (Global Positioning Systems) ukuchonga iindawo ezikwisixokelelwano se-grid kumgama we-0,5 ukuya kowe-4 yeemitha kwiincam zokunqamleza kwisixokelelwano se-grid okanye ngokusasazeka kweesampulu kwisixokelelwano se-grid. Iisampulu ke zinokuthelekiswa kumaxesha ngamaxesha kwixesha elizayo kwaye iinguquko ezahluka-hlukeneyo kwimiba ephathelene nokuchuma komhlaba zinokubekwa iliso ethubeni. Iziphumo zeenkcukacha zinokufikeleleka ngeNkqubo yoLwazi loMhlaba (Ground Information System - GIS) ukuze kufumaneke itshati yebala elicolekileyo yentsimi ebonisa i-pH, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-phosphate, i-sulphur, i-nitrogen, izondlo ezincinanana nezinye iiyantlukwano zovavanyo lomhlaba ezinika umbono wokwahluka-hluka okanye ububanzi bengxaki ethile yentsimi. Kwiindawo ezininzi izazulu ezijikelezwayo zibekwa iliso ngendlela ye-grid kwihektare ngokwesiseko sebloko nganye.
Elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuthatha isampulu kuxa ukwazi ukuthatha ixesha lakho lokusebenza kakuhle, xa unako ukwenza izigqibo ngokubona izinto ngamehlo xa usahlula-hlula intsimi ngokweendawo ezifanayo zokuthatha iisampulu kwaye qho ngexesha elinye enyakeni kwiminyaka elandelelanayo emva kokuvuna okanye kwindawo enye phantsi kwenkqubo yokujikeleziswa kwezityalo. Kusoloko kuluncedo ukuthumela iisampulu ezifuna ukuhlalutywa kwiilabhoratri xa ingelo xesha lixakekileyo. Izicwangciso mazenziwe kuselithuba ukuze kucwangciselwe ishishini ngocoselelo nokuze kubekho ixesha elaneleyo lokubonisana nabacebisi ngokuphathelene nezichumiso.
Qwalasela ukuba ingxowa nganye yesampulu iyichonga ngokucacileyo intsimi kunye nesampulu ngenombolo efana yodwa, nokuba iingxowa zivalwe kakuhle, azikho ebushushwini obugqithisileyo kwaye zibekwe endaweni epholileyo ukuze zithunyelwe elabhoratri kwangoko emva kokuba zithathwe njengezinako ukwenzeka.
Khetha ilabhoratri evavanywa rhoqo nangokwendlela engenasicwangciso ngokuphathelene novavanyo lwemilinganiselo yesakhono somhlaba olwenziwa yimibutho ye-Agronomy (ezezifundo ngomhlaba). Eminye imibandela ofanele ukuyiqwalasela yile, iziphumo ezichanekileyo zohlalutyo, iindlela zovavanyo lomhlaba ezifanelekileyo, inkonzo elungileyo efana nokubuyelelwa apho kukrokrelwa khona iimpazamo, ixesha elifika msinyane lokuphinda kuqalwe ekuqaleni, isakhono sokubuyela kwiziphumo zovavanyo ngekhompyutha, iindleko zenkonzo, uthakazelelo lokuvula imijelo yonxibelelwano phakathi kwakho, umcebisi wakho okanye abasebenzi baselabhoratri. I-ARC (iBhunga loPhando kwezoLimo) eliseBethlehem liyazihlangabeza ezi mfuneko; kodwa ke xa kufuneka uvavanyo lwe-sulphur kufuneka kutyelelwe ezinye iilabhoratri.
Uninzi lweelabhoratri luneqela leemvavanyo ezisisiseko eziqhele ukwenziwa njengovavanyo oluqhelekileyo nezenziwa ngexabiso elincomeka kakhulu xa zithelekiswa noncedo lweziphumo zazo.
Nceda qiniseka ukuba uthatha iisampulu zomhlaba kuwo onke amasimi ocinga ukulima ingqolowa kuwo - khumbula kwakhona ukuqwalasela iqondo lobumuncu (pH) bomhlaba njengoko kusenokuba yimfuneko ukufaka ikalika phambi kokutyala.
<fn>PulaImvula. PlanningMaize.2010-02.xh.txt</fn>
Akunakuze uvuke ngenye intsasa ube sowuthatha isigqibo sokutyala isityalo. Ukuvelisa izityalo zokurhweba kufuna amandla amakhulu okwenza isicwangciso.
Ingaba kweli xesha lonyaka unesicwangciso sokutyala ntoni?
Kukho imibandela eliqela ekufuneka iqwalaselwe phambi kokuba uphendulwe lo mbuzo.
Imihla elindelekileyo yeqabaka.
Amanqanaba e-pH nokuzaliseka kwe-acid emhlabeni.
Ubukho bamagalelo emsebenzini wemveliso.
Imali uya kuyifumana phi?
Umsebenzi wokukhupha imveliso sowuduru kakhulu kanti iindleko zawo emhlabeni owomileyo zikummandla we-R5 000 ngehektare nganye.
Ungasifaka phi isicelo semali-mboleko yemveliso?
Sithini isantya senzala esiya kusetyenziswa?
Lingakanani ithuba lemali-mboleko?
Ukuba ufumana imali-mboleko, ingaba ingeniso oyifumana kwintengiso yesityalo iya kwanela ukuba uhlawule ityala ngayo?
Loluphi ukhuselo onokulinika iziko elibolekisa ngemali Khumbula ukuba abantu namaziko abolekisa ngemali bakwenza oku njengeshishini labo kwaye bafuna ukwenza iinzuzo kwimali leyo. Inzuzo abayenza ngokubolekisa ngemali iyilwa yinzala abayifakelayo. Akukho mntu ofuna ukulahlekelwa yimali ngoko ke umbolekisi ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuba umboleki uya kuphinda alihlawule ityala ngokwesivumelwano?
Ingaba imali iya kufumaneka nini Oku kusenokungavakali njengomba obalulekileyo, kodwa kumsebenzi wemveliso yezityalo, ukulungiswa komhlaba kuqala kwiinyanga eziliqela phambi kokutyalwa kwesityalo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba imali ifika emva kwexesha, umhlaba awunakulungiswa ngokwaneleyo ukuze oko kwenze ukuba umlimi abe semngciphekweni omkhulu wezivuno ezingaphucukanga?
Ungasithengisa njani isityalo?
Xa ulima izityalo zokuba uzisebenzisele wena ngokwakho (umsebenzi wokufama wokuzigcina wena wedwa), intengiso asiyongxaki. Nangona kunjalo, wakuba uqalisile ukuvelisa izityalo zokuthengisa, kufuneka ucinge ngentengiso yazo.
Ngubani oya kuthenga imveliso?
Kungalindeleka liphi ixabiso?
Ukutya okuziinkozo kuya kufika njani kummandla wentengiso?
Ngubani oya kuthutha isityalo?
Ngubani oya kuhlawula uthutho lwesityalo?
Ukulima okusentloko kubaluleke kakhulu, kanti okona kubaluleke ngakumbi kukuba yonke imisebenzi yokulima kufuneka yenziwe ngexesha elilungileyo.
Kanye-kanye yintoni injongo yomsebenzi wokulima?
Uza kuqalisa nini ukulima?
Uza kusebenzisa sixhobo siphi?
Ufikelela kobuphi ubunzulu?
Ingaba unamandla awaneleyo etrektara okwenza imisebenzi yokulima okuyimfuneko?
Injani imeko yezixhobo kwaye zinganako ukuwenza umsebenzi?
Kanye-kanye yintoni injongo yomsebenzi wokulima?
Uza kuqalisa nini ukulima?
Uza kusebenzisa sixhobo siphi?
Injani imeko yezixhobo kwaye ingaba zingakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi?
Imbewu yakho uza kuyithenga phi?
Ngubani oza kukucebisa ngembewu efanelekileyo?
Ingaba sowucingile ngobude bexesha lokulima waza wenza isicwangciso sembewu ngokobo bude?
Zingaphi izityalo ezifanelekileyo ngehektare nganye?
Ingaba uzithathile iisampulu zomhlaba?
Uzifumene iziphumo zohlalutyo lomhlaba?
Ingaba ukhona umntu onike iingcebiso zesichumiso esichanekileyo kwintsimi nganye ngesityalo ngasinye owenza isicwangciso saso?
Ingaba icebiso malunga nesichumiso lihambelana nesivuno ekujoliswe kuso?
Uza kusebenzisa sichumiso siphi?
Uza kusebenzisa iikilogram ezingaphi ngehektare nganye?
Umsebenzi wokutyala mhlawumbi ngowona msebenzi uhamba wodwa obaluleke kakhulu kumjikelo womsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo.
Ingaba isixhobo sokutyala sinako ukufakwa amaqondo emilinganiselo yamanqanaba achanekileyo (Unalo ufikelelo kwiipleyiti, iigiyeri namaazinyo amavili achanekileyo)?
Bungakanani ububanzi bemiqolo obunqwenelayo?
Ufikelele njani kwisigqibo malunga nobo bubanzi bemiqolo?
Ukuba uza kuhlakula emva kokuba isityalo sihlumile, ingaba isixhobo sokuhlakula siza kukwazi ukusetyenziswa kobo bubanzi bemiqolo?
Ufuna izityalo ezingakanani?
Unesicwangciso sokusebenzisa isichumiso esingakanani?
Ingaba unganako ukwenza amaqondo emilinganiselo ngokwakho, okanye ngubani oya kukuncedisa ngamaqondo emilinganiselo?
Ukhula olusezityalweni zakho unesicwangciso sokulutshabalalisa njani?
Unaso isikofolo na?
Ingaba isikofolo sisetwe ngokobubanzi obufanayo bemiqolo obufana nobesixhobo sokutyala?
Ingaba amazinyo esikofolo asetwe ngokuchanekileyo?
Ingaba unaso isitshizi?
Ingaba zonke iinxalenye zesitshizi zikwimeko elungileyo yokusebenza?
Ngubani oya kwenza amaqondo emilinganiselo kwisitshizi?
Yeyiphi imichiza eza kusetyenziswa?
Bubungakanani bomchiza ngamnye obuya kusetyenziswa?
Kukweliphi ibanga lomjikelo wemveliso yesityalo apho kuya kufakwa khona imichiza?
Ingaba umhlaba ufume ngokwaneleyo ukuze uvumele ukuntshula?
Imbewu kufuneka ityalwe nzulu kangakanani?
Ingaba ufaka inani elichanekileyo lembewu ngemitha nganye?
Ingaba ufaka iikhilogram zesichumiso ezichanekileyo ngehektare nganye?
Ingaba ufake izibulali-lukhula nezibulali-zinambuzane ngokwesicwangciso?
Emva kokuba kugqityiwe ukutshiza, ingaba isitshizi sicocwe saza salondolozwa ngendlela efanelekileyo?
Ngowuphi umaleko wangaphezulu ofanele ukufakwa?
Ufanele ukufakwa nini?
Ungakanani ofanele ukufakwa?
Ukuba uza kuba ngumlimi oncomekayo orhwebayo, kufuneka usebenze nzima, kwaye kufuneka usebenze phucukileyo! Kufuneka ucwangcise, ucwangcise uphinde ucwangcise, wandule ukwenza yonke into ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Plans(maize).xh.txt</fn>
Zakuba ziqoshelisiwe izicwangciso zemisebenzi yexesha elizayo kwaye lwenziwe ulungiselelo lobutyebi obusetyenziswayo obungabantu nobuzizinto ezibambekayo, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso kusemgangathweni ofunekayo.
Ukuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo nemisebenzi ecwangciselweyo kujoliswe ekufezeni iinjongo zeshishini. Kuya kuba bubuyatha ke ngoko ukuba nocoselelo olubalaseleyo lokwenza izicwangciso nolungiselelo kodwa kungenziwa kakuhle ukuziphumeza. Ngenye indlela, impumelelo yempumezo inokuphazamiseka xa ukwenziwa kwezicwangciso kunye/okanye ulungiselelo lusilela. Makhe siqwalasele impumezo njengomsebenzi wesithathu wolawulo.
Okunokwenzeka nangokubhekiselele kumanqaku ethuba elingaphambili ngokwenziwa kwezicwangciso (ngePula Imvula kaJuni) nolungiselelo (kwiphepha 4), sibona umzekelo ngomhla we-9 Meyi 2011, wokuba obekucwangciselwe kwenzelwa nolungiselelo kufanele ukuphunyezwa.
Kuhlolwa intsimi yesihlanu.
Incwadi yokugcina iinkcukacha.
Kugqityiwe, akukho sifo siboniweyo.
Kuvunwa intsimi yesithathu, iihektare ezilishumi.
UPadiso, uVosloo, abaqeshwa ababini bethutyana.
Iitrektara ezimbini neenqwelo ezirhuqwayo.
Kugqitywe iihektare ezilithoba.
Kuqwalaselwa izikhothwa nesondlo esinwenwayo.
Kuyalunyulwa, kuyaphawulwa, umthamo kujongwa ubunzima bamankonyana ali-100.
UMoloto, uAbram, uKagiso noHendrik.
Ihashe, incwadi yokugcina iinkcukacha.
Ihashe, incwadi yokugcina iinkcukacha.
Izibonelelo zokubamba iinkomo, izixhobo zokwandisa, amayeza nezixhobo zemilinganiselo yemithamo, isikali, incwadi yokugcina iinkcukacha.
Iinkomo zikwimeko elungileyo.
Sizalisiwe isondlo esikwikampi yesithathu.
Amankonyana ali-100 nemisebenzi igqityiwe.
Kulungiswa indlu yesithathu (kususwa ummandlalo omdlala).
Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
Indlu yokuqala neyesibini.
uJohanna, uMinah, uJohannes.
uSarah, uMonica, noDawid.
Iziguphuli, iingxowa nenqwelo erhuqwayo.
Izixhobo zezibambo eziyekelelayo.
Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yenziwe.
Kupeyintwa indlu yokusebenzela.
Izixhobo zokusebenza ezizezakho, njl.njl.
Umsebenzi uqhutywa ngokwanelisayo.
Impumezo iqhutywa ngokungqalileyo lisebe lolawulo lwabasebenzi okanye ngabaqeshwa beshishini kwaye kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukwenza umsebenzi ngokuncomekayo. Ukuze impumezo ibe nempumelelo yenene, kufuneka kangangoko ukuba umphathi azinikele nakweminye imisebenzi yakhe yolawulo efana nobunkokeli, ukunxibelelana, ukunika inkuthazo, ukwaba umsebenzi, uququzelelo, ukwenza izigqibo nokugcina ucwangco.
Kufuneka ukhokelo lwangaphakathi olomeleleyo kwabo baphetheyo olukwaziyo ukuqhubela phambili inkqubo yempumezo neendlela eziphucukileyo zokuphumeza izicwangciso ekufuneka ukuba mazisoloko zifunwa. Ophetheyo makayikhokele inkqubo yempumezo, kungengakuba uza kuzenzela yonke into ngokwakhe kodwa ngokukhuthaza abaqeshwa bakhe. Ukuze akwazi ukukhuthaza abaqeshwa kufuneka yena ngokwakhe akhuthazeke. Ophetheyo makabenze bashukume abantu ukuze benze abafanele ukukwenza ngokubalasele kangangoko banako. Ngethuba lenkqubo yempumezo kufuneka ophetheyo anike ukhokelo oluyimfuneko, oko kuyabakhuthaza abantu.
Lubaluleke kakhulu unxibelelwano olucacileyo kwinkqubo yempumezo yezicwangciso ekujoliswe kuzo. Imiyalelo mayicace kwaye ingqale kokuthethwayo. Wonke umntu obandakanyeka kwinkqubo yempumezo ethile ufanele ukwazi ukuba ngubani ofanele ukwenza ntoni, nini ngowuphi umgangatho nokuba kuyiwa phi.
Ngethuba lempumezo kubalulekile ukwabiwa kwemisebenzi. Umphathi akanakwenza yonke into ngokwakhe. Ububanzi bokwabiwa komsebenzi ubukhulu becala buya kuxomekeka kubukhulu beshishini kunye/okanye emsebenzini lowo uthile. Kwakhona buya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ngaba ulawulo lufuna ukuzibandakanya ngakumbi na kwinkqubo yempumezo, okanye ngaba luya kuma ecaleni njengabacebisi babalawuli.
Kubalulekile ukunika ingqalelo ekunxulunyanisweni okufanelekileyo phakathi kwamacandelo. Iigiyeri zeshishini kufuneka ziqhube kakuhle ukuze ishishini lihambe kakuhle kwimpumezo enempumelelo. Ukuba unxulumaniso luphazamisekile oko kuya kuchitha ixesha kunye nemali. Khumbula ukuba ingeniso - iinkcitho = inzuzo okanye ilahleko. Ngokubhekiselele kumzekelo wethu, ukuba amayeza emilinganiselo yemithamo ayifumaneki ngentsasa yangoMvulo, impumezo yomsebenzi iya kubambezeleka.
Okuqhelekileyo kukuba kaninzi kulindeleke ukuba ophetheyo enze izigqibo ezingxamisekileyo ukuze agcine impumezo iqhuba kakuhle. Ukuba itrektara igqajukelwe lithayara ngexesha lokuvuna, kuza kuhlangatyezwana njani nengxaki Kuza kusetyenziswa elinye ithayara?
Ukubamba ucwangco phakathi kwabaqeshwa ngawo onke amaxesha kubaluleke kangangoko ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumezo efanelekileyo. Ngaba umsebenzi owenziwayo ungezantsi komgangatho owamkelekileyo Ukuba oku kuziphatha akuqwalaselwa ngendlela efanelekileyo kunako ukuwachaphazela ngokuxhalabisayo amanyathelo athathwa kwimpumezo?
Okukholisa ukwenzeka kukuba awubi mnye umsebenzi ofuna ukuqwalaselwa kwaye khumbula ukuba kubakho nemiba ebingacingelwanga kwithuba langaphambili - imililo yasendle, nantso inkunzi yakho yexabiso ixinge edakeni emfuleni. Amava asixelela ukuba asinakuze sikwazi ukuqwalasela yonke imicimbi ngexesha elinye. Kufuneka kuthathwe isigqibo ngokuthi ngawaphi amanyathelo nemisebenzi efuna ukuqwalaselwa kuqala - oko kuthetha ukubeka izinto zokuqala ekuqaleni.
Imisebenzi okanye umsebenzi oneempembelelo ezinamandla kwingeniso kunye/okanye kwinkcitho kunye/okanye ochaphazela abaqeshwa bakho, masithi mhlawumbi kufuneka besebenze ixesha elingaphezu kwelesiqhelo, loo misebenzi mayibonwe njengebalulekileyo.
Engabalulekanga kakhulu/engangxamisekanga kakhulu.
Imisebenzi okanye umsebenzi okwindawo ephambili unokubonwa njengomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu/ongxamiseke kakhulu. Ukubaluleka kakhulu kwalatha ukuba loo misebenzi inokuba neempembelelo ezinamandla kwingeniso - xa inokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza inokwandisa ingeniso - kanti xa ingenziwa inokuthoba ingeniso. Ngokunjalo/okanye kungenzeka ukuba ngumsebenzi onokuba neempembelelo ezinamandla kwinkcitho. Ukuba awenziwanga kwangoko uya kwandisa inkcitho.
Ukungxamiseka kuphathelene nexesha onalo lokwenza umsebenzi othile ugqibeke - kufuneka wenziwe kwangoko/namhlanje okanye ungenziwa emva kwethuba. Xa uxakeke ngomsebenzi wokuvuna isityalo kuze kubekho ukwaphuka kukamatshini, ukukhandwa kwesixhobo sokusebenza okanye itrektara kuya kuthathwa njengomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu/ongxamiseke kakhulu - okwindawo esekuqaleni. Ngokunjalo ukuba inkomo iqubisana nengxaki xa izala inkonyana, ngakumbi xa iyenye yeenkomo zakho ezikwandisela umhlambi. Ukugcina iifayili zeenkcukacha e-ofisini kuya kuthathwa njengomsebenzi ongabalulekanga kakhulu/ongangxamisekanga kakhulu, okanye ongekho kwindawo esekuqaleni, kunokwenziwa emva kwethuba..
Ngoko ke kuyimfuneko kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuphumeza zonke iinjongo zeshishini lakho, nokucoselela malunga nempumezo yazo zonke izicwangciso ukuze ibe semgangathweni omiselweyo.
<fn>PulaImvula. PlanterMaize.2008-10.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba ulwazi lwakho ngeentlobo-ntlobo zeenxalenye zesixhobo sokutyala lungakanani?
Hlaziya inkumbulo yakho ngokufunda eli nqaku apho zonke iinxalenye ezahluka-hlukeneyo ziboniswayo kwaye zichazwayo khona.
Esi sisakhelo apho kuqhotyoshelwa khona inxalenye yesixhobo sokutyala, ngokunjalo unxulumano phakathi kwesixhobo sokutyala netrektara.
Ezi ziziphathi zembewu nesichumiso. Zisenokwenziwa ngeplastikhi eyomeleleyo okanye ngentsimbi.
La ngamavili apho isixhobo sesityalo sithuthwa khona.
Eli livili eliqhutywa kukudibana komhlaba ophuma kwisixhobo sokutyala esihambayo. Eli vili lokuqhuba lihamba ngokwesantya setrektara. Injongo yevili lokuqhuba kukuvuselela iintsebenzo-matshini zesixhobo sokutyala - iintsebenzo-matshini zokulinganisa imbewu nesichumiso.
Ukuze kwenzeke ukulungelelanisa isantya seentsebenzo-matshini zembewu nesichumiso, kusetyenziswa isixokomelwano seegiyeri namatyathanga kunye namazinyo amavili. Ezi giyeri namatyathanga zinako ukumataniswa ngokwamaqondo olungelwano ahluka-hlukeneyo ukuze kufumaneke imimiselo enqwenelekayo.
Kukho iintlobo ezahluka-hlukileyo zeepleyiti, ezahluka ngobukhulu nangobume oko kuxhomekeka kwisityalo esityalwayo ngokunjalo nakubukhulu bembewu (ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokutyala emoyeni).
Le ntsimbi ikholisa ukuba ngaphambili kwisixhobo sokutyala kwaye isoloko ikhona kwizixhobo zokutyala ezingahlakuliyo apho kubakho khona izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezingaphezu komhlaba.
Ezi zibekwa phezu komhlaba ukugquma imbewu etyaliweyo nesichumiso.
La ngamavili amancinci ngasemva kwisixhobo sokutyala kumqolo ngamnye, wona axinzelela umhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukudibana okufanelekileyo kwembewu nomhlaba.
Oku kunokuba noxinzelelo lomoya oluxinzelelayo okanye olufunxayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. PlanterOpot.2008-10.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yesixhobo sokutyala kukubeka imbewu nesichumiso emhlabeni ngendlela echaneke kangangoko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuntshula okulungileyo ngesantya esifanelekileyo sokukhula kwembewu oko kusenziwa kunye nokufakwa okufanelekileyo kwesichumiso esifunekayo.
Umgama phakathi kwemiqolo.
Umgama phakathi kwembewu ekumqolo omnye.
Ubunzulu, isixa nokufakwa kwesichumiso.
Ubunzulu nokufakwa kwembewu.
Ukudibana phakathi kwembewu nomhlaba ofumileyo.
Isixhobo sokutyala sigqobhoza umhlaba, siwuvule, sifake imbewu kwindawo evulekileyo, sigalele umhlaba phezu kwembewu size siwunyhanyhathe kancinci umhlaba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudibana okuncomekayo phakathi komhlaba ofumileyo nembewu.
Kukho iintlobo ezahluka-hlukeneyo zezixhobo zokutyala kodwa umba wona xa kuthethwa gabalala uyafana - kukho inxalenye evula umhlaba, indlela yokufaka isichumiso nendlela yokuchola imbewu nokuyibeka ngokwesantya esinqwenelekayo.
Isichumiso sikholisa ukufakwa emhlabeni phambi kokubekwa kwembewu - oku kuqinisekisa ukuba imbewu nesichumiso azidibani njengoko oko kunokuba neempembelelo ezingalunganga malunga nokuntshula.
Ngenxa yaso esi sizathu, isichumiso sifakwa ngezantsi kwembewu. Inxalenye evula emhlabeni ukuze kungene isichumiso ithande ukuba nde kwaye iyagqobhozela emhlabeni. Inxalenye yembewu yona imfutshane kwaye isebenza calanye, yona ilahla imbewu kufutshane kumphezulu womhlaba.
Umhlaba othile uwa phezu kwembewu emva kwesenzo sokutyala kodwa zisenokuba zisekhona izithuba ezishiyeke phakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudibana okufanelekileyo phakathi komhlaba nembewu (ngokwenza njalo kuqinisekiswe ukuba imbewu inako ukufunxa ukufuma ukuze iqale ukukhula), kusenokuba yimfuneko ukufaka uxinzelelo oluthile lokuqinisa umhlaba. Amavili asetyenziswa ngale njongo abizwa ngokuba ngamavili oxinzelelo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Practice.2008-04.xh.txt</fn>
Uyayenza intshumayelo yakho?
Ungaliqhuba ihashe ulise emanzini, kodwa akunakuze ulenze liwasele! Kunyaka odlulileyo, bangaphezulu kuma-2 000 abantu abathi baya kwizifundo zoqeqesho ezazinikwa yiNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yakwaGrain SA. Mhlawumbi ngoku lixesha lokuba sizibuze - olu qeqesho lunazimpembelelo ziphi kwimisebenzi yezoLimo yamafama?
Izityalo zam ndizivelisa kumhlaba oluhlobo luni?
Ndityale iihektare ezingaphi?
Yintoni ubunzulu obusebenzisekayo bomhlaba wam?
Yintoni isimo se-pH (ubumuncu) yomhlaba wam?
Yintoni isimo sezondlo zomhlaba wam (i-N, i-P ne-K)?
Kulindeleke imvula yonyaka engakanani kwindawo yam?
Kunyaka oqhelekileyo, sisivuno esingakanani endinethemba lokusivuna kwindawo yam?
Ingaba ndineqweqwe lokuhlakula emasimini am?
Ndityale siphi isityalo kwaye ingaba ndikhethe kakuhle?
Linini ixesha elilelona lilungileyo lokutyala isityalo sam kwaye kutheni ilelona xesha libalaseleyo?
Ndisenze njani isigqibo sokuba ndisebenzise esiphi isichumiso nokuba ndifake esingakanani?
Ndityale wuphi umhlanganisela kwaye yintoni eyenze ndathatha eso sigqibo?
Bendijolise kumanani angakanani ezityalo?
Ndiphumelele ukufumana amanani angakanani ezityalo ekugqibeleni?
Bendinesicwangciso sokufaka isichumiso esingakanani ndaza ndaphumeza ntoni?
Manyathelo waphi endiwathathileyo ukutshabalalisa izibulali-zityalo nezifo kwisityalo sam?
Ubunjani umsebenzi wam wokutshabalalisa ukhula?
Loluphi ukhula oluziingxaki emasimini am?
Ndichithe imali engakanani ukuvelisa isityalo?
Libe yintoni ixabiso endilifumene ngetoni nganye kwaye oko kuthelekiseka njani namanye?
Zibe yintoni iindleko endizenze ngesityalo ngehektare nganye?
Zibe yintoni iindleko endizenze ngesityalo ngetoni nganye?
Emva kokuvuna esi sityalo, ndinesicwangciso sokutyala ntoni kuloo ntsimi kunyaka ozayo?
Ndiza kuzithwala njani iindleko zesityalo esilandelayo?
Ingaba iitrektara zam zanele ukusebenza le ndawo endisebenza kuyo?
Ingaba ndiya kukwazi ukwenza wonke umsebnenzi ngexesha elilungileyo/elifanelekileyo?
Ingaba ndinazo izixhobo endizifunela ukuvelisa isityalo?
Ukuba akukwazi kuphendula le mibuzo mhlawumbi kufuneka uqwalasele incwadi yoqeqesho okanye uye kwezinye izifundo. Ezi zezona ziseko kwaye ukuba unenjongo yokuba ngumfama orhwebayo kufuneka ukwazi ukuziphendulaela le mibuzo ngokwakho.
Ngubani owenza umsebenzi wokufama entsimini yakho?
Yintoni iinjongo zakho ngokusetyenziswa kwale ntsimi kwixesha elizayo?
Nceda zibuze le mibuzo ukuze ufumane impendulo ecacileyo malunga nophuhliso lwakho njengomfama - ingaba ukufuna ngenene ukuba ngumfama okanye ufuna ukufumana ingeniso kwintsimi yakho ngokuba ngumnini-ntsimi ongekhoyo kuyo?
<fn>PulaImvula. Price(maize).2011-09-27.xh.txt</fn>
Amanqaku exesha langaphambili kwiPula/Imvula atyhile amanyathelo afunekayo ekuthathweni kwesigqibo sokuba ngaba ngowuphi umxube wezityalo zasehlotyeni ofanelekileyo kwifama yakho, ngokuthathela ingqalelo isicwangciso sezinto ezisetyenziswayo, isakhono somhlaba, isicwangciso sokujikeleziswa kwezityalo kunye namaxabiso exesha elizayo kwiindawo zentengiso. IPula/Imvula yale nyanga ichaphazela uthotho lwamanqaku anxulumene nabo balimi kubandakanywa umbona kwixesha lonyaka elizayo lemveliso yezityalo zasehlotyeni.
Amaxabiso exesha elizayo ombona otyheli nomhlophe athande ukuba qatha kancinane ngenyanga ka-Agasti 2011 ngokwemeko yamaxabiso exesha elizayo e-R1 840 ngombona otyheli ukuze umbona omhlophe ube yi-R1 815 oza kukhutshwa ngoJulayi 2012. Ngoko ke sinokusebenzela phezu kwe-R1 615 ngetoni nganye yombona yepokotho yomlimi kodwa kubekhoumahluko wothutho wama-R215 ukuya kuma-R225 ngetoni nganye.
Ixabiso elilelona lona elifumaneka ngombona ekuthenjwa ukuba ungathengiseka kumazwe angaphandle limalunga ne-R1 717 ngetoni nganye. Oku kwaziwa njengexabiso elisisalathiso sokulungelelanisasokuthengisa ngaphandle. Ixabiso elilelona lona elifumaneka ngokuthenga kumazwe angaphandle limalunga nama-R2 894 ngetoni nganye efikileyo eRandfontein. Oku kwaziwa njengexabiso elisisalathiso sokulungelelanisa sokuthenga ngaphandle. Ngoko ke sinako ukuvumelana ngokuthi ixabiso langoku nelexesha elizayo lemimandla ekude nonxweme lisekwe kwixabiso lokulungelelanisa lokuthengisa ngaphandle.
Oku kwalatha ukuba kusekho umbona oyintsalela kwiindawo zokuthengisa zethu zangaphakathi kwaye kukho uluvo olubonisa ithemba ngobukho bombona kwixesha lonyaka elizayo. Isalathiso samaxabiso siqwalasela yonke imibandela yolimo efana neemeko zemozulu, imfuno ebangwayo yabathengi, imveliso ekhoyo nombona ekusafuneka ukuba uthuthwe, amanqanaba otshintshiselwano lwerandi/nolwedollar, iimeko zemveliso zaphesheya koweelwandle namanqanaba alapha kweli enzala yemali-mboleko phezu kwemali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini ebolekiweyo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Umgangatho wombona ongowona wokugqibela ongene kwizisele ukusuka kubalimi mhlawumbi ubusezantsi ngenxa yeemvula ezigqithisileyo ezifumaneke ngexesha lonyaka lokuvuna kanti oko kunokubangela amaxabiso athile anyukayo ngokuphathelene nombona womgangatho olungileyo. Khumbula ukuba yonke le mibandela inako ukuguquka lingekafiki ixesha lokuvuna umbona kunyaka ozayo ngoJulayi 2012.
<fn>PulaImvula. Prices.2008-08.xh.txt</fn>
Amaxabiso anyukayo okutya, ngakumbi ezo ntlobo zokutya ezingundoqo zibe ngundabamlonyeni kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo kwaye abasebenzisi bokutya balifumana lingaginyeki ixabiso eliphezulu lesonka. Izizathu ezinikwayo zoku kunyuka kwamaxabiso kukunyuka okubukhali kwexabiso lehlabathi lezixhaso zezolimo ngokunjalo nokunqongophala okukweli lizwe kwezi zixhasi.
Xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo phakathi kwamaxabiso eSafex obhambathiso namaxabiso esonka kwiinyanga ezihambelanayo, kuyabonakala ukuba ixabiso lengqolowa linyuke ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kunexabiso lesonka (Igrafu 1). Yinto ekrokreleka ukuba iza kwenzeka ukunyuka okukhulu ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okutya kwiinyanga ezizayo. Abasebenzisi, asebetsala nzima nababoph' amabande, kuya kufuneka bathi chatha ukuwaqinisa amabhanti kwiinyanga ezizayo.
Igrafu 1: Isalathiso samaxabiso esonka ukususela ngoJanyuwari 2000.
Imithombo yolwazi: Yi-Grain SA, i-Safex n-eStatistics South Africa (luvela kwikhasi lothungelwano le Sagis).
Njengesiphumo samaxabiso aphezulu angoku ezixhasi zezolimo, abantu abaninzi abanolwazi olunqongopheleyo bacinga ukuba imveliso yokutya okuziinkozo inenzuzo ephezulu. Abo balimi abakwazileyo ukuhlala kweli shishini kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, apho amaxabiso aphantsi neemeko zembalela bezingumgaqo wezo mini, baphefumla phucukileyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunyuka okukhulu kwiindleko zamagalelo, ukuhla kwamaxabiso okutya kuya kuhlala kuliphupha elingafezekiyo kuphela.
Igrafu 2 ibonisa ukuba phakathi konyaka wama-2004 nowama-2007, ixabiso lengqolowa alikwazanga kuhambelana namaxabiso anyukileyo e-diesel nawesichumiso - imeko engalondolozekiyo. Amaxabiso aphantsi eemveliso, ngokunjalo neendleko eziphezulu zamagalelo zidlale indima enkulu kwinyaniso yokuba abavelisi abaninzi bawuncamile umsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo. Le meko imbi kwicandelo lamafama aphuhlayo - umsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo ufanele ube nenzuzo ukuba kufuneka amafama amatsha afumane isiseko ngempumelelo.
Iziganeko zakutshanje zokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezixhasi zinike amafama ithemba elincinci, kodwa ukunyuka kweendleko zamagalelo kubeke uxinzelelo olucinezelela ezantsi - amafama akufumana kunzima ukuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo ngendlela ebanika inzuzo.
Igrafu 2: Isalathiso samaxabiso e-urea, i-diesel nengqolowa ukususela ngoJanyuwari 2000.
Imithombo yolwazi: Yi-Grain SA, i-Safex ne-Statistics South Africa (luvela kwikhasi lothungelwano le-Sagis).
Igrafu 3 ithelekisa isalathiso samaxabiso amagalelo afana ne-urea ne-diesel, namaxabiso esonka nawomgubo wombona. Kucacile ukubona ukuba amafama aye ajongana neendleko zamagalelo ezinyukileyo ngendlela exhalabisa kakhulu kunamaxabiso anyukileyo okutya ajongene nabasebenzisi bokutya. Ityathanga lamaxabiso okutya okuziinkozo kuya kufuneka ukuba lisebenze ngendlela encomeka kakhulu ukuze livelise iziphumo ezithe chatha njengamaxabiso afanayo amagalelo - kungenjalo abasebenzisi bokutya kuya kufuneka bakuhlawulele ngokuthe chatha kakhulu ukutya.
Igrafu 3: Isalathiso samaxabiso esonka esimhlophe, umgubo wombona, i-urea ne-diesel ukususela ngoJanyuwari 2000.
Imithombo yolwazi: Yi-Grain SA, i-Safex ne-Statistics South Africa (luvela kwikhasi lothungelwano le-Sagis).
Iziganeko zokunyuka okubukhali kwamaxabiso eentlobo zokutya okungundoqo zisisiphumo senene sokusilela kukaRhulumente kumgaqo-nkqubo ofanelekileyo wezolimo, okukhatshwa kukungakwazi kukaRhulumente ukuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo nezicwangciso eselezisetafileni. Abavelisi abanakukwazi ukusebenza bodwa ukuvelisela isizwe ukutya kwamaxabiso aphantsi - uRhulumente ufanele ukudlala indima yakhe.
<fn>PulaImvula. Proactivety.2008-08.xh.txt</fn>
Exploding quote: Evuka mva ikholwa zizagweba.
Amafama akholisa ukuphoswa ngamathuba amahle okunciphisa iindleko okanye okubamba ithuba lokwenza inzuzo ephezulu, nje ngenxa yokuba awasukumi kuselithuba.
Maxa wambi afumana amava eelahleko ezinkulu ngenxa yomonakalo wemithombo eyindalo, efana nokhukuliseko lomhlaba emva kwesichotho esikhulu, kuba balibala umgaqo-siseko obalulekileyo "ukunqanda ingozi ingehli kuxabiseke ngaphezu kokuyishenxisa".
Ukusukuma ingozi ingekehli kuthetha ukwenza isicwangciso kuselithuba kananjalo zikhona iziganeko ekufuneka zenziwe kwangoko. Malunga nomsebenzi wokuvelisa ukutya okuziinkozo, lo ngumba obaluleke kakhulu kulawulo. Ikhalenda yokulima isityalo kwifama yakho masibonise yonke imisetyenzana ebandakanya intengiso yakho. Umhla wokutyala ofanelekileyo esona siganeko singundoqo efama yakho usenokuba ngosuku lokuqala kwinyanga kaJuni xa unesicwangciso sokulima ingqolowa okanye ngomhla wokuqala kuNovemba xa ulima isityalo sasehlotyeni. Inkoliso yemisetyenzana yakho yesicwangciso neyolungiselelo kwiinyanga eziphambi kwezokutyala iya kujikeleza lo mhla. Ukusoloko ucingela phambili okoko ligama lalo mdlalo.
Lo msetyenzana osoloko uqhuba ubalulekile ukuze umfama asebenze kuselithuba. Iingqwalaselo ezenziwe kwixesha lonyaka langoku zinako ukunceda kakhulu ekuthinteleni iimpazamo nasekwenzeni izigqibo eziphucukileyo zexesha lonyaka elizayo. Ukhula, umzekelo, oluchongwe ngethuba lexesha lonyaka lokukhulisa luya kubonisa uhlobo lwesitshabalalisi sokhula esinokusetyenziswa kwixesha lonyaka elizayo. Ukuba akuphumeleli ukuchonga iingxaki kwixesha lonyaka langoku imeko isenokuba mandundu kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
Phinda uhlalutye isakhono somhlaba sokuvelisa imveliso wandule ukuqikelela isixa seehektare onenjongo yokulima izityalo zakho kuso. Phicotha ummandla wentengiso uze ukhethe izityalo ezinika inzuzo ephucukileyo ngokokuseka ingqiqo yakho kulwazi oluthembekileyo malunga nommandla wentengiso. Zoba ulwabiwo-mali wandule ukulungiselela isicwangciso somsebenzi wokuvelisa ukutya ephepheni ngendlela echaneke kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Kwimo engqonge ummandla wentengiso wangoku kubalulekile ukusayina ubhambathiso nearhente ethembekileyo yommandla wentengiso. Ubhambathiso luya kukukhusela kumaxabiso anyuka esihla ezixhasi. Lungiselela ubhambathiso ngesityalo ngasinye ngelona xabiso lihle linokufumaneka.
Kufuneka ufake isicelo semali-mboleko yemveliso ukuba ufuna ukulima iihektare ezithe chatha kunesixa semali onaso kuwe. Musa ukubambezela ukuzidibanisa neziko lezemali nje wakuba ugqibile ukulungisa isicwangciso sakho sokuvelisa ukutya. Inkqubo yokwamkelwa kwemali-mboleko isoloko ithatha ixesha.
Ukuba imeko ayikuvumeli ukuba uzilimele ngokwakho ngokunjalo nomsebenzi wokutyala, sayina ubhambathiso nomboneleli weenkonzo ithuba liselihle. Qiniseka ngexesha lokwenza isicwangciso ukuba iinxalenye zokulima ezifunekayo ziya kubakho xa utyala isityalo sakho. Phambi kokusayina ubhambathiso yenza ilinge elilodwa lokuphanda ngemeko yezixhobo zokusebenza zombhambathiswa. Khumbula, nakuphi ukwaphuka ngethuba lokulungiswa komhlaba okanye ngelokutyala kuya kuba lilishwa lomfama ngokwakhe.
Elona xesha lilungileyo lokukhathalela izixhobo zakho lisekupheleni kwexesha lokutyala lonyaka. Ukuba lo msebenzi awuhoywanga umfama usemngciphekweni wokuthi athi ekhanda izixhobo zokusebenza ngexabiso eliphezulu abe elahlekelwa lixesha elixabisekileyo nto leyo enokwenza umhla osemva kwexesha lokutyala. Xa izixhobo zigcinwe kakuhle emva kokuzicoca kakuhle, zifumane inkonzo efanelekileyo kwaye zikhuselwe ekukhuthukeni, lincinci kakhulu ixesha elinokufuneka lokulungisa izixhobo ukwenzela ixesha lonyaka lokutyala.
Hlola zonke izakhiwo ezikhoyo ezifana neekhonto kunye nemijelo yamanzi. Zinike ixesha lokugcina okanye ukukhanda ezi zakhiwo ukunqanda ukonakala komhlaba wakho ongaphezulu oxabisekilyo ngethuba elilandelayo lexesha lonyaka lemvula. Ukuba kukho ezinye izakhiwo ezitsha ekufuneka zisekiwe lo msebenzi mawuqale msinyane kangangoko. Imiqathango yolondolozo lomhlaba ifuna isicwangciso esicoselelweyo nexesha elaneleyo sokusiphemeza.
Ixesha lokuthenga malichithwe ngendlela efanelekileyo. Thelekisa iimveliso zamagalelo uze ubambe uthethathethwano malunga nelona xabiso lihle ukuze ugcine iindleko ngehektare nganye ziphantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Zinike ithuba lokuziqwalaselela ngokwakho ngexesha lonyaka lokukhulisa ukuze ukhethe eyona mveliso ilungileyo efana neentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo eziqhuba kakuhle okanye ukufaka esinye isityalo endaweni yeso singaqhubanga kakuhle ngendlela ebekulindeleke ngayo. Musa ukuthandabuza ukufaka uxinzelelo kwiqumrhu elinika inkxaso ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso oziodolayo ziyafumaneka ngethuba elifanelekileyo.
Khumbula, zininzi iingcali neengcaphephe ezithandayo ukukuncedisa kuyo yonke le misetyenzana. Sukuzileqa ngomzuzu wokugqibela. Yenza isicwangciso sakho NAMHLANJE!
<fn>PulaImvula. ProblemMaize.2009-02.xh.txt</fn>
Abalimi Abasaphuhlayo bajongene neziphi iingxaki?
Kubaluleke kakhulu kwishishini lezityalo eziziinkozo ukuba kuchongwe kwaye kusonjululwe izizathu ezithintela abalimi abasahlumayo ekubeni babe ngabalimi abarhwebayo.
Inkqubo yohlaziyo lwemihlaba ephunyezwe liSebe leMibandela yeMihlaba ibe sisilingo ebantwini abaninzi ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi into - xa kuthethwa gabalala, iinkqubo zicotha kakhulu kangangokuba abalimi abasaphuhlayo balahlekelwe lithuba emva kwelinye ukuze abanini bemihlaba abamhlophe babhenele ekuthengiseni imihlaba yabo kwabanye abamhlophe abamelene nabo njengesiphumo sokoyiswa kwemibandela yemihlaba ukuthatha izigqibo ngokusebenzisana.
EMzantsi Afrika sinomdibaniso wezixokelelwano zokuqesha - ukusuka ekubeni nomhlaba ongowakho, ukudlula kumhlaba wabucala oqeshiweyo, ukuya kumhlaba ohlanganelwayo apho kungekho zivumelwano zibophelela ngokwasemthethweni (kubakho nje "imvume yokuwusebenzisa" kuphela (permission to occupy). Umhlaba womntu wabucala usenokusetyenziswa njengokhuseleko lweemali-mboleko, kodwa umhlaba oqeshiweyo nomhlaba ohlanganelweyo awukwazi kusetyenziswa njengokhuselo olunjalo. Kwiindawo zokuhlanganela, isithethe kukuba usapho lube nesabelo salo sobukhulu obuthile (esahluka ngokwamaphondo), kanti ukuba umlimi ufuna ukwandisa umsebenzi wakhe wokufama, kufuneka athetha-thethane nabanye abahlali ukuze asebenzise isabelo sabo. Akukho khuseleko longezelelwayo lokuqeshisa lwethuba elide kulo mhlaba.
Ukulungiswa kweqondo lobumuncu (pH) bomhlaba, nemeko ye-phosphate ephantsi, zombini ezo nkqubo zineendleko eziphezulu - kufuneka izixa zokuncedisa njengoko abalimi abasaphuhlayo bengenayo imithombo yobutyebi yokuhlawulela le misebenzi.
Ubukhulu bomhlaba olinywa ngabalimi abasaphuhlayo awunazikhonto ezicwangciselwe kakuhle nezaneleyo kananjalo nemijelo yamanzi enengca. Nangona iSebe lezoLimo linecandelo lokuKhathalelwa koMhlaba, ulwabiwo-mali abanalo alukwanelanga ukuhlangabezana nobubanzi bemfuno.
EMzantsi Afrika, asinguwo wonke umhlaba onesakhono esiphezulu nesifanele umsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo. Naxa kunjalo, ukuguqulwa komhlaba olimekayo ukuba ube ngamadlelo asekiweyo yinkqubo eneendleko eziphezulu kakhulu kwaye ithatha ithuba elide. Kubonakala ngathi abalimi abasaphuhlayo abanalufikelelo kwisixokelelwano soguqulo ngoko ke bakholisa ukuqhuba ngokulima emhlabeni ongalungelanga kulima, okanye bawushiye ungasetyenziswa, - zibe zombini ezi ndlela zingafanelekanga.
Ukubiyela, okanye ukungabikho kwako, yingxaki eyaziwa kakhulu abajongene nayo abalimi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezihlanganelweyo apho izibiyeli zibiwa khona ngamasela, ukuze oko kuvumele iinkomo neegusha ukuzula ngokuzithandela kuwo onke amasimi.
Baninzi abalimi abasaphuhlayo nabanofikelelo emasimini (nakwesiphi isixokelelwano sokuqesha) kodwa abanazo izixhobo eziyimfuneko zokuwulima. Izixhobo ezitsha zinamaxabiso aphezulu kakhulu angafikelelekiyo ke kubalimi abaninzi abasaphuhlayo, kanti nazo zinqongophele kakhulu. Kanti ukuba akhona amaziko athakazelela ukunika uncedo lwemali yezixhobo zezolimo esezikhe zasetyenziswa, ambalwa kakhulu.
Xa kukho izixhobo zezolimo ezikhoyo, zikholisa ukuba kwisimo esigxekekayo sokukhandwa.
Imida yenzuzo ephantsi kumsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo yenza kube nzima ngokwasemalini ukulondoloza izixhobo.
Abalimi abasoloko benolwazi malunga nokukhanda kunye nokulondoloza.
Ezinye iintlobo zotshintshiselwano kuhlaziyo lwemihlaba zibandakanya ukuthenga "kuba kufanele" kwaye izixhobo zokusebenza zikholisa ukuba zidala kananjalo zibe kwisimo esigxekekayo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba umlimi osaphuhlayo uqalisa kwinqanaba lentswelo.
Amaqela anikwa izixhobo ukuze babelane ngazo kugqibele kungekho mntu othatha uxanduva lokuzilondoloza.
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, ukufumana inzuzo ngokuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo bekusoloko kuphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu. Eli xesha lonyaka elidlulileyo belilihle ngakumbi njengoko izityalo zityalwe "ngokwamaxabiso amadala", zaza izityalo eziziinkozo zathengiswa "ngamaxabiso amatsha ezityalo", kanti kuninzi lweendawo, imvula ine kakuhle kunesiqhelo. Bambalwa kakhulu abalimi abanemali elingeneyo yokutyala izityalo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iimali-mboleko. Xa umda wenzuzo uphantsi koxinzelelo, lo gama ephezulu amanqanaba enzala, imingcipheko enxulumene nomsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo iphezulu kakhulu ukuvumela ukuboleka izixa eziphezulu zemali efunekayo ukuze kufakwe isityalo emhlabeni.
Amaziko amaninzi abolekisa ngemali afuna ibhondi kwimpahla ethengwayo ukuze abe nesiqinisekiso semali-mboleko. Abalimi bamasimi aqeshiweyo, okanye amasimi ahlanganelweyo abakwazi kunikela ngomhlaba njengokhuseleko ukuze ke ngoko izicelo zabo zemali-mboleko zikhatywe.
Uninzi lwamaziko abolekisa ngemali afuna igalelo leinshorensi ukukhusela imali-mboleko yomsebenzi wokulima. Naxa kunjalo, i-inshorensi yegalelo, ukuba yamkelwe, isebenza kuphela xa isityalo sesihlumile, kanti ngelo xesha, sukuba sekukho iindleko ezininzi. Amanye amaziko awakuthakazeleli ukubolekisa ngemali phambi kokuba kwamkelwe isicelo seinshorensi, ngxaki leyo eyenza imeko yokubhajiswa. Enye ingxaki kukuba i-inshorensi iqinisekisa ngama-65% eendleko kuphela - ngubani ke oza kuthwala ezinye iipesenti zomngcipheko?
Okubuhlungu, kukuba kubekho iziganeko apho abalimi abasaphuhlayo bengakwazanga kuthembeka kwizithembiso zabo zokubuyisa iimali-mboleko kwaza oku kwabangcangcazelisa ababolekisi bemali.
Umsebenzi wokufama unzima, kanti xa ungenamava wawo, uyanda umngcipheko wokuwenza. Xa imida yenzuzo imincinci, akusekho mda ukhoyo wemposiso. Abalimi abasaphuhlayo sukuba besaphuhlisa izakhono zabo zokulima ngoko ke ababolekisi bemali bababona njengabantu ekungathembekiyo ukubaboleka imali.
Abalimi abasaphuhlayo "abafundi" banemfuno yenkxaso, uqeqesho nokulandelwa ngoqwalaselo.
Abasebenzi beSebe bakholisa ukungaxhotyiswa ngomgangatho wenkxaso ekufuneka beyinikile. Abaninzi abanamava okwenza umsebenzi wokulima kanti nangona basenokuba nothakazelelo, kananjalo babe banazo iziqinisekiso zemfundo efunekayo, abakwazi 'ukufaka ikhuba emhlabeni'.
Ukukhulisa abantu kuneendleko eziphezulu kwaye kutya ixesha. Amasebe karhulumente anabasebenzi abaninzi abahlawulelwa ukwenza umsebenzi, kodwa uninzi aluxhotyiswanga ngokunika inkxaso. Xa kunjalo, ukuba icandelo labucala liyazibandanya, kukho umntu ekufuneka ehlawule - iya kuba ngubani ke?
Abalimi bakholisa ukuzifumana bekwimeko apho bengazi khona ukuba bathathe elikabani icebiso - mhlawumbi elomphathi wesolulo wesebe Okanye elomcebisi ovela kwishishini lezolimo onikela ngemali yokuthenga ngetyala kumsebenzi wokulima Okanye icebiso lequmrhu lempahla yenkxaso efuneka kwezolimo Okanye olandela ngoqwalaselo (Ngelishwa, abasoloko bethetha into enye!)?
Ukufunda umsebenzi wokulima kubandakanya ukuzibeka emingciphekweni emikhulu - ukuba abantu baza kuba ngabalimi abanemveliso, baya kwenza iimpazamo. Kukho imfuno enkulu yomnatha wokhuselo lokuganga abalimi abawayo. Okwangoku, abanye abalimi bakwimeko encumisayo yokubolekwa imali lishishini lezolimo ngoko ke bayafikelela kubonelelo lakwaMaize Trust ukuze bafumane ikalika, ii-phosphate neinshorensi yegalelo (kumasimi abo ombona). Naxa kunjalo, kukho abanye abalimi abasaphuhlayo mhlawumbi abangalimi mbona, okanye abangafumenanga samkelo semali-mboleko yomsebenzi wabo wokulima kwishishini lezolimo kwaye abafumani nkxaso yekalika, i-phosphate ne-inshorensi. Kungaba yinto entle xa urhulumente ebenokuza ngaphambili noncedo alunika abalimi lomnatha wokhuselo ofunekayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. ProblemsOpot.2009-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ziliqela izizathu ngomdla okuphuhliso lwabalimi abamnyama eMzantsi Afrika, umzekelo umhlaba ovelisa ukutya wabiwa ngokutsha, amaxabiso okutya anyukele phezulu kakhulu kanti kukho ixhala ngokhuseleko lokutya kwesizwe nokwehlabathi.
Ininzi into ethethwa ngempahla ekukutya kwehlabathi, ukhuseleko lokutya kwehlabathi, ilungelo lokufikelela ekutyeni kwikhusi kodwa konke oku kutya kuveliswa ndaweni ithile phaya ngumntu othile - kukho mntu uthile obandakanyekayo. Kubalulekile ke ukujolisa kulo mntu. Kufuneka siphuhlise kwaye sinike isakhono kumntu lowo ukuze abe ngumlimi worhwebo opheleleyo ofaka igalelo kwibhasikithi yokutya kwesizwe.
Kutheni abantu benomdla wokuphuhlisa abalimi?
Icandelo lezolimo kufuneka libe nelizwi elinye elibumbeneyo.
Ezolimo lingumthombo wokutya nemicu ehlabathini kwaye liya kuhlala lisisiseko senkoliso yeentlobo zoqoqosho.
Ezolimo lingumqeshi obalulekileyo.
Inkqubela yasemaphandleni inciphisa uxinzelelo phezu kwemithombo yobutyebi osebuphezulu basezidolophini.
Ukuba ama-30% omhlaba kufuneka esezandleni zabantu ababehlelelekile kwithuba langaphambili, sinako ukucinga ukuba ama-30% eemveliso zezolimo aya kuveliswa ngaba balimi. Ngoko ke, ama-30% azo zonke intlobo zegalelo kwezolimo aya kuthengwa ngaba balimi.
Abalimi abasaphuhlalyo bajongene naziphi iingxaki?
Inzuzo ephantsi kwimveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo ezixhomekeke emvuleni kunye namanqanaba aphezulu enzala.
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, inzuzo efumaneka kwimveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo ithe yaba phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu. Iindleko zegalelo ziyaqhuba ngokunyuka, kanti ixabiso lemveliso lona alikhuli ngokulungelelana. Bambalwa abalimi abanemali eyaneleyo yokutyala isityalo ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa iimali-mboleko. Xa umda wenzuzo ucinezelekile abe namanqanaba enzala ephezulu, imingcipheko enxulumene nokuveliswa kwezityalo eziziinkozo iba phezulu kakhulu kangangokuba kubolekwe izixa ezikhulu zemali ezifunekayo ukuze kufakwe isityalo emhlabeni. Abalimi baseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka bakhuphisane nommandla wentengiso wehlabathi naxa amabala okudlala engalungelelananga.
Unqongophalo lolwazi neentlobo zobuchule.
Abalimi abasaphuhlayo "bangabafundi" kwaye bafuna inkxaso, uqeqesho kunye nokulandelwa ngoqwalaselo.
Abaqeshwa besebe bakholisa ukungaxhotyiselwa ukunika udidi olufunekayo lwenkxaso. Uninzi alunamava okusebenza ifama kwaye nangona basenokukuthakazelela oko, babe benayo nemfundo yoqeqesho efunekayo, bayoyiswa "kukubeka ikhuba phantsi emhlabeni".
Imibutho yemithombo yokusebenza yenza umsebenzi omhle kodwa iindleko zixhomile.
Uninzi lwabalimi abasaphuhlayo luneengxaki zokufikelela kwiimali-mboleko zomsebenzi wokuvelisa ukutya.
Uninzi lwamaziko abolekisayo lufuna isibophelelo phezu kwempahla ukuze kukhuselwe imali-mboleko. Abalimi abasebenzisa umhlaba oqeshisiweyo, okanye umhlaba odityanelweyo abakwazi kunikela ngomhlaba lowo njengokhuselo ngoko ke izicelo zabo zemali-mboleko ziyakhatywa..
Uninzi lwamaziko abolekisayo afuna i-inshorensi yegalelo ukukhusela imali-mboleko yemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, i-inshorensi yegalelo, ukuba yamkelwe, ikwazi ukusebenza kuphela xa isityalo sesihlumile, kanti ngelo xesha, inkoliso yeendleko seyithwelwe. Amanye amaziko awathandi ukukhupha imali-mboleko phambi kokwamkelwa kwe-inshorensi, nto leyo edala imeko yokuchaneka engu-22. Enye ingxaki kukuba i-inshorensi iqinisekisa kuphela ukufikelela kuma-65% eendleko - ama-35% aseleyo asemngciphekweni.
Umsebenzi wokufama unzima, kanti amava amancinci umntu anawo, ambeka esichengeni esithe chatha. Xa imida imxinwa, mncinci kakhulu umda wempazamo. Abalimi abasaphuhlayo kanti njengoko besaphuhlisa ubuchule babo bokulima babonwa njengababolekisi bemali njengabasemngciphekweni omkhulu.
Baninzi abalimi abasaphuhlayo abafikelelayo emhlabeni (nangaluphi uhlobo lokuqeshisa) kodwa abanazo izixhobo eziyimfuneko zokulima kuwo. Izixhobo ezitsha zinexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu kwaye azifikeleleki kubalimi abaninzi abasaphuhlayo kwaye ambalwa kakhulu, ukuba akhona, amaziko akuthakazelelayo ukunika inkxaso-mali ngezixhobo zezolimo esezikhe zasetyenziswa sisandla sokuqala.
Xa zifumaneka izixhobo zezolimo, zikholisa ukuba kwimo embi yokukhandeka.
Imida emxinwa yenzuzo kwimveliso yokutya okuziinkozo yenza ukuba kube nzima ngokwasemalini ukulondoloza izixhobo.
Abalimi abasoloko benalo ulwazi ngeendlela zokukhanda nezolondolozo.
Ezinye iindlela zotshintshiselwano kumgaqo omtsha wobunini-mhlaba zibandakanya ukuthenga "ngenkxalabo eqhubayo" kanti izixhobo zikholisa ukuba ndala kwaye zibe kwimeko engaphucukanga. Oku kuthetha ukuba umlimi osaphuhlayo uqalisa kakubi.
Amaqela anikwe izixhobo ukuba abelane ngazo kodwa akubikho mntu othatha uxanduva lokuzilondoloza.
Inkqubo yolungiselelo olutsha lomhlaba ephunyezwa liSebe leMibandela yezeMihlaba ibe yinkathazo enkulu kwabaninzi. Ngokubanzi, iinkqubo zabo zicotha kangangokuba abalimi abasaphuhlayo balahle ithuba emva kwethuba kanti abanini bemihlaba abamhlophe abaxakiweyo bagqibela ngokuthengisela abamelwana babo abamhlophe njengesiphumo sokusilela kwemibandela yezemihlaba ukuphumeza injongo. Akukho miqathango ifanelekileyo yokuchonga abanikwa uncedo abafanelekileyo malunga nokwabiwa komhlaba ngokutsha.
Ukulungiswa kwenqanaba lobumuncu bomhlaba ngokufakwa kwekalika kusenokuba ngumsebenzi onexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu njengoko kukho iindawo ezifuna iitoni ezifikelela kwezili-14 zekalika ngehektare nganye. Abalimi ngokubanzi abakho kwimeko yokuhlawulela oku kwaye ngathi akukho mgaqo-siseko omiselweyo okhoyo, nto leyo evumela abalimi abasaphuhlayo ukufaka izicelo zoncedo kurhulumente. Amaphondo amaninzi abenazo iinkqubo ezithile kodwa akukho mxokomelelwano osisiqhelo.
Izenzo zomsebenzi wokufama ezingalunganga kwiminyaka emininzi zinqongophalise imithombo yobutyebi be-phosphate kwiindawo ezininzi. Kwanjengokufakwa kwekalika, lo ngumsebenzi wexabiso eliphezulu kwaye akubonakali kukho zinkxaso-mali.
Ubukhulu bomhlaba olinywa ngabalimi abasaphuhlayo abunazikhonto zicwangciselwe kakuhle nezaneleyo kwaye akukho mijelo yamanzi ifakwe ingca. Nangona iSebe lezoLimo linecandelo "Lokhathalelo Lomhlaba", ulwabiwo-mali lalo alwanelanga ukufeza ubukhulu bemfuno. Ukuthotywa kwexabiso lomhlaba lukhukuliso lomoya nolwamanzi lukholisa ukungakwazi ukulungiseka.
Yintoni egcina abantu behluphekile?
Abavelisi kufuneka bafikelele emhlabeni nakoomatshini ukuze babe ngabalimi abarhwebayo. Kumaphondo athile kukho unqongophalo lwesakhelo esisisiseko sezolimo, umzekelo, iindlela, oovimba (silos) bokulondoloza ukutya okuziinkozo, izomisi zokutya okuziinkozo, izixhobo zokuvuna ezihlanganiselayo njl.njl.
Abavelisi bafuna uqeqesho, inkxaso kunye nenkonzo yesolulo esebenza ngokupheleleyo.
Abantu mabaxhotyiswe ukuzenzela izinto ngokwabo. Mabafunde "ukuzibambela intlanzi" ngokwabo.
Ukusilela kwamagosa karhulumente ukwenza oko ahlawulelwa ukukwenza kugcina abantu behluphekile (umzekelo, ukusilela kweMibandela yeMihlaba ukunika iinkonzo nenkonzo ezingaphucukanga ezinikwa ngamaSebe ezoLimo).
Abantu abahluphekileyo bazizisulu kwaye bangavuyeleleka. Kubalulekile ukuba bonke ababandakanyekayo kuphuhliso lwabalimi basebenze ngokuthembeka nangengqiqo ephuhlileyo.
Imigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo yowiso-mthetho neyorhwebo yokukhusela ishishini lalapha lezolimo.
Ukuncedisa kwiindleko zokufakwa kwekalika ngabalimi abasaphuhlayo.
Ukuncedisa ngeendleko zee-phosphates.
Ukuncedisa ngeendleko zokubiyela amaxabiso ezityalo ukuze kukhuselwe imali-mboleko yemveliso.
Ukuncedisa ngeendleko ze-inshorensi ezihlanganiselweyo.
Ukwenza imali ukuba ibe khona ngokusebenzisa amashishini ezolimo neLandbank.
Ukwenza ukuba kubekho imali yokuphinda kuqeqeshwe abaphathi besolulo.
Ukunika inkxaso-mali eyinxalenye kuphuhliso ukuze kusetyenziswe amaqumrhu emithombo esetyenziswayo.
Ukuqwalasela isixa semali sezixhobo zokusebenza kwezolimo.
Ukuphuhlisa, ukuqeqesha nokuxhobisa abavelisi.
Ukuqeqesha nokuphuhlisa abaphathi besolulo.
Ukunika abalimi abasaphuhlayo inkxaso yobuchule bokusebenza.
Ukunika onke amagalelo afunekayo odidi namaxabiso okukhuphisana.
Ukunika ummandla wentengiso iimveliso.
Ukunika inkxaso yobuchule bokusebenza noncedo oluhlala lukhona.
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Ogqwesileyo kukhutshiswano lomLimi osaPhuhlayo woNyaka waseGrain SA ubhengezwe kwintshonalanga yebhongo ebilapha; The Theatre on the Track eKyalami, ngowe-9 Oktobha 2009.
Abavavanywa bonyaka ka-2009 boKhutshiswano lomLimi osaPhuhlayo woNyaka baye bachongwa.
UShimi Makoka waseVanderbijlpark, kwiphondo laseGauteng.
UmLimi wokuTya okuziiNkozo osaPhuhlayo walo Nyaka nguSamuel Moloi waseFouriesburg eFree State. Sivuyisana nawe Samuel kunye nabanye abavavanywa beqondo lokugqibela ngale mpumezo egqithisele kangaka.
<fn>PulaImvula. Producer.2010-08-06.xh.txt</fn>
Abatyunjwa ngokunjalo nabaphumelele ugqatso lomLimi Osaphuhlayo Wezityalo Eziziinkozo wonyaka wama-2010 babhengeziwe kwaye ogqwesileyo uya kubhengezwa kwitheko lodumo eliza kuququzelelwa yiGrain SA ngomhla wesi-8 Oktobha 2010.
David Maleleka - Kestell, kwiPhondo laseFree State.
Thabo Macholo - Kestell, kwiPhondo laseFree State.
Daniel Mocwiri - Mareetsane, kwiPhondo laseMntla-Ntshona.
Frans Gaoganediwe - Ventersdorp, kwiPhondo laseMntla-Ntshona.
Klerk Melken - Mofufutso, kwiPhondo laseMntla-Ntshona.
William Matasane - Senekal, kwiPhondo laseFree State.
UDavid Maleleka wazalwa ngowe-1954 efama kwisithili saseKroonstad. Wakhulela efama waza waya esikolweni sendawo leyo sasefama wada wafikelela kwibanga lesi-3 (ibanga 5 ngokwamabanga anamhla). Ukususela kwiminyaka eli-14 ubudala usebenze efama kaMnu AJ Jonker, apho luphuhle khona uthando lwakhe lomsebenzi wokufama. UDavid utshate noEvelena oyinkosikazi engummangaliso - uqhuba iitrektara entsimini!
Emva kweminyaka ethile waya eWitsieshoek apho ahleli khona esenza umsebenzi wobhambathiso emigodini ekwindawo yaseGoldfields. Ngowe-1991 uDavid weva ukuba uRhulumente wenza isibhengezo sokumema abantu abanomdla wokuthenga iifama kwisithili saseKestell. Ngowe-1992 waqesha ifama apho enza umsebenzi wokufama khona kwithuba langoku. Emva koko wakwazi ukuyithenga le fama ngemali-mboleko yaseLand Bank. Ifama kaDavid ingama-272 eehektare kanti umhlaba olimekayo kuyo ngama-252 eehektare.
Kwiminyaka emininzi uDavid ebeyiqeshisa le fama njengoko ebengakwazi ukude abe nemali eyaneleyo yokuwenza ngokwakhe umsebenzi wokufama. UDavid uphinde waqalisa ukwenza umsebenzi wasefama ngowama-2008. Ngowama-2009 ukwazile ukuvelisa isityalo esilungileyo sengqolowa kumhlaba weehektare ezili-106 waza walima iihektare ezingama-88 zombona neehektare ezingama-28 zeembotyi ezomileyo. Iimbotyi ezomileyo zinika iqela labafazi abavela eQwaQwa impangelo. UDavid uthi umsebenzi wakhe wokufama uwukhulisa njenge" "trapsix" (ulovane).
UThabo wazalwa ngowe-1982 waza waqala esikolweni eLaerskool Tweeling. Ngowe-1989 utata wakhe uthenge ifama apho benza khona umsebenzi wokufama kwithuba langoku. Uthando lwakhe lomsebenzi wokufama lwaqala esemncinci. Uphumelele ibanga lakhe lematriki Esikolweni Semfundo Ephakamileyo sasePaul Erasmus ngowama-2003 waza wenza isigqibo sokuncedisa utata wakhe efama. Esikolweni ubethatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yezeembaleki kanti ebekwadlalela iphondo lakhe iBhola yomBhoxo, ebandakanywa kumaqela adlalayo aseMzantsi Afrika angaphantsi kweminyaka eli-17, 19 nama-21 ubudala.
UThabo uthanda umsebenzi wokufama kwaye ufuna ukuba yimpumelelo kwifama eyiyeyakhe. Ngowama-2009, edibene notata wakhe, balime ama-25 eehektare zengqolowa, ama-99 eehektare zombona nama-33 eehektare zeembotyi ezomileyo. UThabo uyakhula njengomlimi kwaye ufuna ukufunda banzi. Ubekhona kwizifundo eziliqela, ulilungu leqela lofundo-nzulu laseMaluti kwaye uyabamamela abalimi abadala abamabela ngolwazi namava abo.
UThabo uzimisele ngolawulo lwemali nangokwenziwa kwezicwangciso kwaye unothakazelelo ngethuba elinokuvela lokulima iimbotyi ezomileyo ngakumbi njengoko zingenisa imali ethe chatha kunezityalo eziziinkozo. Njengabo bonke abanye abalimi, unethemba lokuba ixabiso lezityalo eziziinkozo liya kwanda ukuze kube yinto enokwenzeka ukufumana inzuzo nokuthi umntu aphinde enze utyalo-mali emsebenzini wokufama.
UThabo ufuna ukuba ngumlimi omkhulu orhwebayo ngenye imini; unqwenela ukusebenza nabalimi abarhwebayo ukuze azuze amava athe chatha.
UKokamo Daniel Mocwiri wazalwa ngowe-1949 kwiLali yaseSiberia eMntla-Ntshona (kwisithili saseMareetsane). Ungoyena mncinci kusapho lwakhe nenkwenkwe eyiyo kuphela phakathi kwabantwana abalithoba. Uqale isikolo eSiberia, waza waya eMareetsane kodwa uphumelele ibanga le-12 Esikolweni Semfundo Ephakamileyo sase-Itlotleng. Emva koko uqhube ngezifundo zakhe kwiZiko loQeqesho laseBatswana. Kwakhona wenze izifundo zasekhaya neDamelin kunye neYunivesithi yaseVista ukuze afumane iDiploma yezokufundisa. Imfundo yesidanga uyifumene kwiYunivesithi yasePotchefstroom waza waqalisa ukusebenza njengotitshala Esikolweni Samabanga Aphantsi ngowe-1975 waqhuba ngokufundisa apho kwada kwangowama-2008. Utshate noEvelyn kwaye basikelelwe ngabantwana abathandathu, amakhwenkwe amabini namantombazana amane.
Njengoko ibinguye yedwa unyana, uyise wamfundisa ukuba zininzi iindlela zokuziphilisa. Uqalise ngokufunda ukulima ngesipani seenkabi eseyinkwenkwana elula esesesikolweni kanti oku kube sisiqalo sothando lokulima lobomi bonke. Ngowe-1975 wakha ivenkile elalini notata wakhe waza ngowe-1977 wathenga itrektara yakhe yokuqala. Utata wakhe usweleke ngowe-1988 waza kuba wayefundisa, wayiqeshisa intsimi yakhe kwiprojekthi yokufama yaseMareetsane kwada kwangowe-1993. Ngowe-1994 uqalise ukuzenzela umsebenzi wokufama ngokwakhe esebenzisa itrektara yakhe kwintsimi yeehektare ezingama-75.
UDaniel uqhube ngokufundisa waza ethubeni, akuba ewukhulisile umsebenzi wakhe wokufama, wacela ilungu losapho ukuba limncedise efama. Isikolo awayefundisa kuso sikwaselalini ngoko ke ebekwazi ukufama ukuphuma kwesikolo nangamathuba eeholide zesikolo. Namhla, uDaniel ufama emhlabeni odityanelweyo oziihektare ezingama-200. Kulo nyaka ulime iihektare ezili-100 zombona nezinye iihektare ezili-100 zikajongilanga.
Ngowama-2008 uDaniel wabumba iqela lofundo-nzulu laseSiberia waza wakhethwa njengoSihlalo. Ube ngomnye wabalimi asebekwibanga eliphambili kwiNkqubo yaseGrain SA yoPhuhliso lwamaFama ngowama-2009. UDaniel uyaliqonda ixabiso lothungelwano lwenkxaso kwaye uthetha kakuhle ngenkxaso ayifumana kuMnu James van der Linde waseTechnichem omnika inkxaso yemichiza nembewu, ngokunjalo noMnu James Moeng onika inkxaso yesichumiso. UDaniel ufumene inkxaso-mali yemveliso yakhe yezityalo eziziinkozo iminyaka emininzi eLand Bank.
UFrans Gaoganediwe wazalelwa eSterkstroom ngowe-1957; ungoyena mdala kubantwana abalishumi. UFrans ufunde Esikolweni Samabanga Aphantsi seseMesweng apho aphumelele khona iBanga lesi-7. Inkosikazi yakhe, uPhina, nayo yazalelwa kwisithili saseSterkstroom yaza yaphumelela iBanga lesi-7 layo Esikolweni Samabanga Aphantsi saseRabana. Kwithuba langoku uyinkosikazi ehleli ekhaya nencedisa ngomsebenzi wokufama ngokubasela.
Emva kokushiya isikolo, ukususela ngowe-1985 ukuya kowe-1989, usebenzele i-Senwes, efama kwisithili saseSterkstroom. Ngeli xesha ebelimela iimvavanyo zemiboniso. Oku kunike amava okufunda angummangaliso malunga nokulinywa kombona nangezenzo ezilungileyo zokufama. Ukususela ngowe-1990-1993 usebenze eSenwes eSterkstroom. UFrans uthunyelwe kwicandelo leenkomo neegusha apho ebezigonya ngesitofu se-A.I. + nemithamo yezilwanyana. Kulapha apho athe waphuhla uthando lweenkomo ze-Bonsmaras. Ngowama-2000 uthunyelwe kwicandelo lwezityo zobisi, emva kokuthengiswa kwee-Bonsmaras, apho aqhube khona nge-A.I. kumhlambi we-Friesland, ngokunjalo ebephethe iinkqubo zokunikwa kwezondlo nezokugonya. Emva kokuba i-Senwes ithengise ifama, uqhube ngokusebenzela i-Senwes ngokulimela iimvavanyo. Ngowama-2002, uFrans wathunyelwa eSterkstroom kwi-Ofisi eyiNtloko ye-Senwes eKlerksdorp apho abe ngumqhubi khona.
Ngowama-2002 uqalise ngomsebenzi wasefama emhlabeni owawukhona. Ngowama-2001 ufake isicelo semali-mboleko eLand Bank awayifumana ngowama-2002. Uye wathenga isitshixo sefama nako konke okufunekayo ngokupheleleyo oko bekubandakanya itrektara ezimbini, amakhuba amabini, ezinye izixhobo ezimbalwa kunye nezindlu zeenkuku (ezigcina iinkuku ezingama-56, 000). Izindlu zeenkuku kwithuba langoku zinika iimveliso egqibeleleyo kwimijikelo esixhenxe enesiqingatha ngonyaka ngamnye. UFrans unobhambathiso olusisigxina nabakwaRainbow Chickens.
Kwiminyaka esibhozo edlulileyo wakhe umhlambi wakhe weenkomo wada wafikelela kwiinkomo ezingama-38, umhlambi weegusha wona wande wada waba ziigusha ezingama-63, uthenge enye itrektara, iveni ye-Toyota Hilux, ilinye lokusila lehamile waza waphucula izindlu zeenkuku ngokufakela iisilingi, imilomo yamanzi nemijelo yokunika isondlo. Kwakhona uphucule izibiyeli. Kwithuba langoku kwakhiwa iishawa zabasebenzi.
UFrans unqwenela ukukhulisa ishishini lakhe ngokuthenga enye ifama. Ufuna ukuba ngumlimi orhweba ngokupheleleyo. Oku kungenzeka kuphela xa esebenza nzima, esiya kumathuba ezifundo kwaye enika uqeqesho kubasebenzi bakhe. UFrans ubona ukuba uRhulumente ufanele ukuqwalasela zonke iiprojekthi zabo, akhuthaze abalimi ukuzikhulisa asuse abantu kwiiprojekthi ezisileleyo. UFrans uthi ufumana inkxaso egqibeleleyo kubalimi abarhwebayo bendawo ahlala kuyo baseVentersdorp.
UKlerk Melken wazalwa ngowe-1970 kwiLali yaseMofufutso eMntla-Ntshona. Ungowesibini kubantwana abalishumi bakaJohn noDora Melken, abasaqhuba ngomsebenzi wokufama kwalapho. Waqalisa ngesikolo eMofufutso, waya Esikolweni Semfundo Ephakathi saseKhunwana waza waya esiKolweni Semfundo Ephakamileyo saseAtamelanga apho aphumelele khona iBanga le-11. Ngowe-1992 uqalise ukusebenza njengomsebenzi wasefama, waqhuba ngawo kwada kwaba ngowama-2000. UKlerk utshate noJoyce ngowama-2002 kwaye basikelelwe ngabantwana abathathu, intombi eenye namakhwenkwe amabini.
UKlerk uqalise umsebenzi wasefama eselula kakhulu ngeehektare ezingama-50 kuphela, ngelo thuba ukwazile ukufumana imali-mboleko yakhe yokuqala yemveliso e-NWK ngowama-2001. Esaqala uFebruwari wama-2003 uthenge ithole elinye. Ngoku uneenkomo ezili-16. Ngowama-2008 uthenge igusha enye ngoku uneegusha ezngama-20 neebhokhwe ezili-10. Kwakhona uneenkuku ezingama-80.
UKlerk wangenela iqela lofundo-nzulo laseMofufutso ngowama-2000 kwangelo xesha lokusebenza kwakhe njengomsebenzi wasefama. NgoNovemba 2008 wanyulwa njengoSihlalo weli qela lofundo-nzulu. Uye kuninzi lwezifundo zoqeqesho zaseGrain SA, ezibandakanya: Intshayelelo Yezifundo ngoMbona, Intshayelelo yeZifundo ngoJongilanga, Izifundo ngaBabhambathiswa, Izifundo ngoLondolozo, Izifundo Ezisisiseko ngokuKhandwa kweNjini, Intshayelelo Yezifundo Zamazimba, Izifundo Esezikwibanga Eliphambili ngoMbona zamaFama Aselekwibanga Eliphambili, Izifundo Zolawulo Lweshishini Lezolimo kunye Nezifundo Zolawulo Lwezicwangciso zeFama.
Kwithuba langoku uqhuba umsebenzi wokufama kwiihektare ezili-150 zomhlaba oqeshiweyo odityanelweyo onobunzulu bama-80 cm. Ulime iihektare ezingama-60 zikajongilanga, iihektare ezingama-42 zombona otyheli neehektare ezingama-48 zombona omhlophe. Umsebenzi wokufama kwindawo eyomileyo yelizwe, uKlerk ukuqonda kakhulu ukubaluleka kokulondolozwa kokufuma komhlaba. UKlerk uphupha ngokuba nefama eyiyeyakhe (kwaye abe nesiqinisekiso sethayitile). Uthi ufuna ukukhulisa umsebenzi wakhe wokufama ade abe neehektare ezili-1 000 ezizezakhe kwindawo apho imihlaba inzulu khona kwaye neemvula zixhaphake! UKlerk ufumana inkxaso kuMnu du Toit waseTechnichem kwaye ukholelwa ekubeni phakathi kwabantu abamkhuthazayo nabanolwazi olubanzi.
UKlerk uthi uyazithanda ezolimo kuba uyindoda ekwaziyo ukuziqhuba nethanda ukuziphuhlisa nokwenza izinto ngendlela efanelekileyo.
UWilliam wazalelwa kwiSithili saseWinburg apho wayehamba esikolweni sasefama. Emva koko uye Esikolweni Semfundo Ephakamileyo saseWinburg. Uqale ukusebenza e-Allemanskraal (eyaziwa kakhulu njengeAventura Resort Aldam). Uqalise ngokusebenza njengeweyita, waza waba ngumpheki oyintloko kanti ekugqibeleni uye waba ngumphathi werestyu, kwada kwaba ngowama-2004. Lo gama esebenza e-Aldam uye wazibandakanya kwilinge lomsebenzi wokufama namahlakani amathathu. Ngowama-2004 uthenge ifama yase-Verblyden, apho ahlala khona nenkosikazi yakhe nabantwana. Benza umsebenzi wokufama ngokwabo ngaphandle kwawo nawaphi amahlakani. Apha bakhupha imveliso kajongilanga nombona ngempumelelo. (UWilliam uthi watshisa iminwe yakhe ngengqolowa kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo kwaye akanqweneli kuzama kwakhona - ngakumbi ngamaxabiso angoku).
UWilliam uthi ufuna ukunika abantwana bakhe amathuba angazange wawafumana yena. Intombi yakhe enkulu ifunda unyaka wayo wesine we-B. Com, kanti eyesibini yenza unyaka wayo wesithathu wobuNjineli kwezoMbane, ize eyokugqibela yenze unyaka wayo wesibini eSecretarial College, kanti yena "uJohannes, die boer" usesikolweni saseSenekal, apho akwiBanga lesi-4 khona.
UWilliam ngumlimi onempumelelo kwaye kwithuba langoku wenza umsebenzi wokufama kwiihektare ezingama-900. Ifama yakhe ithathe iihektare ezingama-400 aze aqeshe omnye umhlaba olimekayo wokongeza eVentersburg (kwabanye abalimi abamnyama abangawusebenzisiyo umhlaba wabo) kunye nomhlaba olidlelo ofumaneka kuMasipala waseWinburg. UWilliam ufuna ukuthenga omnye umhlaba ngaphezulu kwisithili saseSenekal kodwa ukhalaza ngokuba uRhulumente ufuna ukunceda abo "Wat geld sluk en nie hulle wat iets regkry nie ".
UWilliam usebenzisa intlanganisela yenkxaso-mali ukuze abe nemali yezityalo zakhe - imali yakhe kunye neemali-mboleko zemveliso ezivela e-VKB naseLand Bank. Kulo nyaka, isityalo sakhe sikajongilanga sikwazile ukuhlawula isixa esipheleleyo seemali-mboleko ukuze iinzuzo ezifumaneke emboneni zibe yimali yepokotho yakhe, Ulime iihektare ezili-110 zombona neehektare ezili-145 zikajongilanga eSenekal, ngokunjalo neehektare ezingama-60 zombona kunye neehektare ezingama-75 zikajongilanga eVentersburg. Unomhlambi weenkomo zenyama ezingama-90 kunye nabalandeli kwaye uneqhayiya ngesantya sakhe sama-91% sokufumana amathole - akukho bahambi abangenzi nto efama. Ukwaqhuba iigusha ezingama-30 kodwa uthi akanakuwandisa umhlambi weegusha njengoko ifama yakhe ikufutshane kakhulu kwilokishi yaseMatwabeng eSenekal.
UWilliam uxhalabile ngexabiso lezityalo eziziinkozo. Izenzo zokusebenzisa imali ngendlela efanelekileyo zibalulekile kwishishini lakhe kwaye wenza utyalo-mali apho alindele iimbuyekezo khona. Uthi akanakukuthethelela ukuthenga izixhobo ezitsha zokusebenza ezihlala eshedini kubukhulu bobude bonyaka. Ingqalelo yobucukubhede nolondolozo loomatshini ibaluleke kangangoko - yonke into inendawo yayo kwaye igcinwa ngenkathalo.
UWilliam ngumntu oneengcinga ezingenaluxhomekeko kodwa uyixabisile inkxaso ayinikwa nguJohan Kriel yaseGrain SA, ngokunjalo nenkxaso eqhubayo evela kubalimi bendawo yakhe abarhwebayo ngakumbi uMnuPhioip Basson, oluncedo olukhulu kuye.
<fn>PulaImvula. ProducerMaize.2009-03.xh.txt</fn>
Ingaba kufuneka kutyholwe umvelisi-zityalo kwakhona?
Kwibali ngalinye kwasoloko kukho indoda elungileyo nendoda engalunganga kanti ke kuba njalo nakwityathanga lemveliso yokutya, indoda engalunganga suka ibe ngumvelisi. Usoloko etyholwa xa kungekho kutya, xa amaxabiso okutya ephezulu okanye xa umgangatho wokutya ungaphucukanga.
Xa siqwalasela inkqubo ebandakanyeka ekubekeni ukutya etafileni yomsebenzisi, baninzi abadlali beendima kanti inkqubo le inde gqitha.
Le yinxalenye yenkqubo ukuze kulinywe izityalo ezichanekileyo - umbona, ingqolowa, amazimba, ujongilanga, iimbotyi njl.njl.
Kube namanqanaba amkelekileyo eprotheyini, ioyile nesitatshi njl.njl.
Kukwazi ukulondolozeka nokuthutheka ngokhuselo.
Kufuneka kuphuhliswe izichumiso ezinokusetyenziswa kumjikelo wemveliso ukuze zinike iimfuneko zezondlo kwizityalo. Kanti kufuneka kuphuhliswe imichiza etshabalalisa izibulali-zityalo kunye naleyo etshabalalisa ukhula ukuze kukhuselwe izityalo elukhuleni, kwizibulali-zityalo nakwizifo.
Ukuzisasaza ezi zinto kumashishini ezolimo.
Ethenga ukutya okuziinkozo.
Esisa isityalo kwii-silo zendawo leyo.
Uthengisa isityalo kubasili (okanye kummandla wentengiso othumela ngaphandle).
Babekelela imveliso baze bayise kubanini beebhaza-bhaza zeevenkile.
Ukuthengisela abathengisi imveliso ebekelelwe ngokwezixa.
Le nkcazelo emfutshane ayiwabandakanyanga onke amanyathelo ahluka-hlukileyo, njengoko kukho ubucukubhede obahluka ngokwemveliso nganye. Umzekelo, emva kokuba ingqolowa isiliwe, kufuneka ibhakiweyo ize ithengiselwe umsebenzisi, ukuba isityalo yi-barley (irhasi), eza kusetyenziselwa ukusila utywala, kufuneka ivundiswe yandule ukwenziwa utywala..
Kule nkqubo yonke iphelele, kubandakanyeka abantu neenkqubo ezenziwayo kanti le ibizwa ngokuba lityathanga lexabiso lezolimo. Wonke umntu okulo naliphi ibanga lale nkqubo kufuneka afumane inzuzo ukuze ahlale kwishishini.
Ngoku nanku umbuzo - ingaba umvelisi-zityalo ufanele ukutyholwa yedwa na xa kunyuka ixabiso lokutya?
Itoti yebhiya, inganeno nge-3% kwixabiso le-barley.
Ishishini libandakanya imingcipheko - onke amashishini aneqondo elithile lemingcipheko.
Abavelisi-zityalo ngabathathi bamaxabiso - umvelisi akanakwenza sigqibo ngento afuna ukuyifumana ngetoni yakhe yombona njengoko zonke izityalo eziziinkozo zithengiswa kwiifandesi kwaye ixabiso elifunyanwa ngumvelisi lixabiso lalapho. Kwiziganeko ezininzi, umvelisi-zityalo unyanzeleka ukuba amkele ixabiso elinganeno kunelo leendleko azichithe ngokuvelisa isityalo sakhe.
Ukwenza umzekelo, ukuba siqwalasela ixesha lonyaka lengqolowa elidlulileyo eFree State, yayingunyaka ombi kakhulu kanti nemvula ibincinci gqitha. Abavelisi-zityalo kwiindawo ezininzi abakwazanga nokuvuna itoni enye yengqolowa ngehektare nganye. Iindleko zomsebenzi wokuvelisa ingqolowa zimalunga neR4 200 ngehektare nganye kanti ixabiso elifunyenwe ngumvelisi-zityalo ngale ngqolowa belimalunga neR3 000 ngetoni nganye. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa umvelisi-zityalo evuna itoni enye ngehektare, ulahlekelwe yiR1 200 ngehektare nganye.
Xa ungumbhaki, uthenga umgubo wengqolowa, uze wenze isigqibo sokubeka ixabiso lamaqebengwana akho esonka. Ukuba umxumi akazimiselanga kulihlawula elo xabiso, uyayeka ukuthenga umgubo wengqolowa uze wena uyeke ukubhaka de liphucuke ixabiso. Xa umvelisi-zityalo enze isigqibo sokutyala isityalo, akakwazi kuyiyeka phakathi inkqubo alinde de liphucuke ixabiso - uchithe imali kwaye kufuneka avune isityalo eso aze asithengise.
Abavelisi-zityalo bethu baliqhayiya lethu - basebenza nzima, bangabathathi bemingcipheko abanikela ngokutya nengqesho kubantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Khumbula ukuba sinokuthenga ukutya ngaphandle kuphela xa amazwe lawo angaphandle enentsalela, naxa ilizwe lethu linemali yokuthenga impahla yangaphandle. Xa iimeko zingalunganga kwamanye amazwe athumela impahla ngaphandle, aya kuzigcinela ukutya kwawo ukuze akusebenzise, ke ngoko thina singakwazi ukukuthenga. Ukuba amanqanaba otshintshiselwano alisengela phantsi ixabiso lerandi yethu, ilizwe lethu alisayi kuba nemali yokuhlawula ukutya okuziinkozo okuthengwe ngaphandle. Ngenxa yoko baya kulamba abantu bethu, njengoko kunjalo kumazwe amaninzi aseAfrika. Phambi kokubeka ityala kubavelisi-zityalo ngenxa yamaxabiso aphezulu okutya, masiqwalasele lo mbandela ukuze siqonde isizathu sokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ukuba asiniki nkxaso kubavelisi-zityalo bethu sibancedise ukuhlala kumsebenzi wemveliso ngokulima ngendlela efaka inzuzo, isizwe sethu siya kulamba.
<fn>PulaImvula. Profile(maize).2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
UXolile Dasheka wazalelwa efama kummandla wasePetrusburg. Uyise wayengumsebenzi wasefama kanti unina wayesebenza emakhitshini. UXolile unemfundo enomsila kwezoLawulo nobuNkokeli kunye neDiploma kuLawulo loBudlelwane babaSebenzi. Wathenga ifama yakhe, iLemoenkloof kummandla waseJagersfontein ngowama-2006 ngemali-mboleko yaseLand Bank. Ifama yakhe ili-1 134 yeehektare ubukhulu, kuyo i-145 yeehektare ingumhlaba olimekayo aze ama-989 eehektare asetyenziselwe ukutyisa impahla. Ubukhulu becala uXolile ulima umbona aze afuye iinkomo zenyama, iihagu, iinkuku alime imifuno.
Uyifumana njani imali yezityalo zakho?
Kumaxesha onyaka amabini adlulileyo andikhange ndizithengise izityalo eziziinkozo endizilimileyo. Ndizisebenzisele ukondla imfuyo yam. Enye inzuzo endiyifumeneyo ibe yimali endiyifaka kwimveliso yonyaka olandelayo. Ngenxa yeendleko ezinyukayo ndiza kuzama ukufumana imali-mboleko yokundinceda eLand Bank.
Zithini izimvo zakho ngemibandela yemali kwezolimo?
Umlimi kufuneka abe zizinto ezininzi, umzekelo makabe yingcaphephe kwezemali, ingcali kwezoqoqosho, umthengisi nezinye izinto. Imida yenzuzo kwimveliso yombona mincinci kakhulu. Sidinga ukuba uwonke-wonke abe ngakwicala lomlimi waseMzantsi Afrika athenge iimveliso zeli lizwe. Sidinga iirhafu zokutya okuziinkozo okuthengwa kwamanye amazwe lilizwe lethu. Iindleko zamagalelo ezifana ne-diesel kunye nezichumiso ziyasibulala. Ezolimo asizozifundo ezithandwayo ngabantu abatsha abamnyama; ababoni kamva kuzo. Ukuba iindleko nempahla ethengwa ngaphandle azilawulwa, ukhutshiswano olucalanye oluya kubakho noluya kumelana nempahla efumana inkxaso luya kumbulala umlimi waseMzantsi Afrika.
Uwafumana phi amagalelo akho?
Ndithenga kubathunywa babathengisi abavela kumaqumrhu anika inkxaso, emva kokufumana nokuthelekisa amaxabiso nasemva kwenkonzo abayinikayo yokuthengisa.
Yintoni indima kaRhulumente kwezolimo kwaye uhlangabezana njani nayo?
URhulumente ufanele ukubanceda abalimi. Abalimi baveza amathuba emisebenzi nozinzo kwimimandla esemaphandleni. Makajonge umhlaba onikwa abalimi abasahlumayo abanike uncedo ukuze baphumelele ngokubaxhasa ngemali nangezixhobo zokusebenza. Makukhuthazwe ukubekwa iliso kwabo ngabalimi abarhwebayo. Bahlawule amaxabiso amahle baze bafumane uncedo xa belufuna. URhulumente akakaphumeleli ukukwenza oku naxa ezama.
Zinto zini ezibe negalelo kwimpumelelo yakho?
Ilinge lam lokuxananaza lindincedile. Imfuyo ikunika uzinzo ize ikuncede kumqukuqelo wemali esesandleni. Ukugcina iihagu neenkuku kundincedile ekuhlangabezeni iindleko zam zenyanga nganye. Ndinomhlaba omncinci wokulima omalunga neehektare ezi-3 endinokuwunkcenkceshela. Ndilima imifuno ukuze ndikhawuleze ndifumane ingeniso. Kanti nemeko yokuba ngumlimi wethuba elingaphelelanga kodwa ndiphangele ngaxeshanye iyanceda. Ukuba ukufama kunokungenisa inzuzo ethe chatha ndinokuba ngumlimi wexesha elipheleleyo.
Ziintoni ozibona njengemiqobo kwinkqubela nakwimpumelelo yakho?
Ndinexhala lokuba ukungabikho kozinzo kwezopolitiko, ulwaphulo-mthetho neentetho ezingahluzwanga kusasazo nakushicileleo zinokuhlutha amathuba am empumelelo. Ukufumana inzuzo ngumbandela osentloko.
Yeyiphi imiba yeshishini lakho lokufama onqwenela ukuliphucula?
Ndinqwenela ulwazi oluthe chatha lobungcaphephe malunga nokulungiswa komhlaba, ulondolozo lwamanzi nokugcinwa kwemfuyo. Kwakhona ndinqwenela ukuba abasebenzi bam bafumane uqeqesho.
Unasiphi isicwangciso-buqili oza kuphila ngaso kulo nyaka?
Ndifuna ukuqiniseka ukuba isakhiwo sam senkxaso simi kakuhle. I-Grain SA neqela lam lofundo-nzulu zibalulekile ekundinikeni uncedo. Kwakhona ndinqwenela ukwandisa umsebenzi wam wokufuya, mandithi iinkomo zenyama. Ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho alulubanga, ndinqwenela ukuqalisa ukufuya iigusha.
<fn>PulaImvula. Profile(maize).2011-04-07.xh.txt</fn>
USibongile Victor Michael Mahlinza wazalelwa e-Estcourt ngomhla we-14 Julayi 1961 waza wakhulela kummandla waseNtabamhlophe (White Mountain). Waqalisa ngemfundo yakhe yamabanga aPhantsi ngowe-1968 esiKolweni samaBanga aphantsi saseCornfield. Ngowe-1976 waya kwisiKolo samaBanga aPhezulu saseMtshezi apho aphumelele khona ibanga le-11 ngowe-1982.
Ngowe-1983 wenza isigqibo sokuya eGoli apho asebenze khona njengomabhalane wombhambathiswa wokwakha unyaka omnye. UVictor wasebenza njengomthengisi kwiqumrhu lemichiza eGoli kwada kwaba ngowe-1986. Ukususela kowe-1987 ukuya kowe-1988 uVictor waqeshwa yi-M & L Distributors njengomqhubi kaganda-ganda. Ukususela ngowe-1989 ukuya ngowe-1995 waba ngumbhambathiswa owonganyelweyo wase-AMCA Construction ethutha imveliso. Ngowe-1996 uVictor wafuna ukuba ngumlimi waza wabuyela ekhaya. Waqalisa ukwenza umsebenzi wokufama elima izityalo zakhe ngeenkabi. Ngowama-2003 wathenga itrektara yakhe yokuqala.
UVictor utshate noLinah kwaye basikelelwe ngabantwana abahlanu; iintombi ezintathu noonyana ababini. UFikile (26) unabantwana ababini. USizwe (19) uphumelele ibanga le-12 ePietermaritzburg kwisiKolo soQeqesho kwezoLimo saseZakhe kanti ugqibe izifundo ngezemifuno kwisiKolo soQeqesho saseBuhle eDelmas sithetha nje ngoku usebenza noVictor kwifama yakhe. UZandile (15) ukwibanga lethoba kwisikolo samaBanga aPhezulu sase-Abantungwa kunye noMpumelelo (11) okwibanga lesine kwisiKolo samaBanga aPhantsi saseMathamo.
UVictor uthembise uNorah umtshato kwaye banabantwana abathathu; unyana omnye namantombazana amabini. UAyanda (24) uphumelele ibanga le-12 kwisiKolo samaBanga aPhezulu saseMtshezi waza wafuma isatifiketi seN3 kwi-Civil Engineering kwisiKolo soQeqesho kwezobuGcisa saseBerea eThekwini. UAyanda naye usebenza notata wakhe efama. Amantombazana akhe amabini, uThakasile (20) ukwibanga leshumi elinanye kwisiKolo samaBanga aPhezulu sase-Abantungwa noBongeka (12) okwibanga lesithandathu kwisiKolo samaBanga aPhantsi saseMathamo.
UVictor uneetrektara ezimbini; iMassey Ferguson 440 4 x 4 neMassey Ferguson 5465 kanti unayo nemoto yeColt 2.8. Kukhulu aza kuphumelela kuko emsebenzini wokufama kuba ukhulele kuwo. Unombono kwaye ukhaliphe ngokwaneleyo ngokuphathelene nemiceli-mingeni yokuba ngumlimi.
Izityalo zakhe uzixhasa njani ngemali?
UVictor akasebenzisi mxhasi ngemali kodwa uxhasa izityalo zakhe ngemali yakhe, nto leyo eyingxaki kuye okwangoku njengoko ubukhulu becala esebenzisa umhlaba odityanelweyo apho aqesha khona iihektare ezilishumi elinesihlanu zomhlaba olimekayo kumlimi worhwebo.
Uwafumana phi amagalelo akhe?
Onke amagalelo akhe uwathenga kwaTWK eWinterton ukuze athenge imichiza yakhe kwaFarmers Agri-Care eWinterton. UVictor uthenga imbewu ngqo kwaPannar and Monsanto kwaye wonwabe kakhulu yinkonzo ayifumana kubaxhasi bakhe ngamagalelo.
Yintoni indima kaRhulumente kwezolimo kwaye uyizalisekisa njani?
UVictor ubona indima yeSebe lezoLimo inika ithemba kakhulu kwindawo ahlala kuyo njengoko efumana inkxaso encomekayo kwaye ubona iSebe lezoLimo njengeliyizalekisayo indima yalo. ISebe lezoLimo lendawo yakhe libancedile abalimi ngokutyala umbona otyheli ukwenzela iSAB. Impumelelo yakhe emsebenzini wokufama inokunxulunyaniswa nokukwazi ukwenza izicwangciso ezilungileyo nokusebenza nzima kakhulu.
Yintoni ayibona njengesoyikiso kwinkqubela yakhe nakwimpumelelo?
Ubona isoyikiso esikhulu kwinkqubela yakhe ikukunika izityalo zakhe inkxaso yemali ukuya kufikelela kwibakala lokuthengisa. Iindleko zabasebenzi nazo zimnika inkxalabo enkulu.
Yeyiphi imiba yeshishini lokufama athanda ukuyiphucula?
UVictor unqwenela ukuphucula umsebenzi wokufuya iinkomo neebhokhwe kwaye oku ukubona kubaluleke kakhulu ekuzinziseni ukulima izityalo. Ubuchule bakhe bokuziphilisa kulo nyaka bube sekulimeni izityalo ezahluka-hlukileyo; njengoko ebelime umbona, iimbotyi ezomileyo, imifuno kunye ne-chicory ayilimela iNestle phantsi kobhambathiso.
<fn>PulaImvula. Profile(maize).2011-05-11.xh.txt</fn>
UMonica Mathamba uhlala kuMmandla woLawulo lwaseMthatha Mbozisa apho alilungu loMbutho wabaLimi baseMbozisa khona. UMonica uqhuba umsebenzi wokufama emhlabeni odityanelweyo kwaye ukwazile ukubiyela amasimi akhe ezityalo eehektare ezintandathu.
UMonica uyile kwizifundo zoqeqesho ezilandelayo zaseGrain SA: Intshayelelo ngemveliso yombona kunye nezifundo ezikwiBakala eselingaPhambili ngemveliso yombona. UMonica uwuphucule umgangatho wemveliso yakhe yombona ngokusebenzisa ulwazi nezakhono zobuchule alufumene ngokuba lilungu leGrain SA. Wayevelisa iitoni ezi 3,5 ngehektare enye kodwa ngoku uvelisa iitoni ezi 4,5 ngehektare enye.
Uyifumana njani imali yokuxhasa isityalo sakhe?
Imali axhasa ngayo isityalo sakhe iphuma epokothweni yakhe njengoko engakuthandi ukuboleka imali kuba iimali-mboleko zisuka zamkelwe seligqithile ixesha lonyaka elifanelekileyo.
Uwafumana phi amagalelo akhe?
UMonica uthenga amagalelo akhe eMthiza Farmers Co-op naseEast Cape Co-op. Amaxabiso athande ukuba phezulu kwaye akukho macebiso obuchule anikwa ngabaxhasi.
Yintoni indima karhulumente kwezolimo kwaye uyifeza njani?
Indima karhulumente kukunika abalimi amacebiso nezakhono zobuchule bobugcisa kananjalo nokubanika isakhelo esisiseko. UMonica uthi urhulumente akayifezi le ndima yakhe kuba akayiphumezi imigaqo-nkqubo yakhe.
Impumelelo yakhe uyinxulumanisa nantoni?
UMonica unxulumanisa impumelelo yakhe nothakazelelo analo nokusebenza nzima. Ukholelwa ekubeni ukusebenzisa imbewu engumhlanganiselwa, isichumiso nemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula kuphucule isivuno sakhe. Kulo nyaka, uMonica unqwenela ukuthenga ezinye izixhobo zokusebenza, ngakumbi isitshizi sezikhondo.
<fn>PulaImvula. ProtectingMaize.2009-03.xh.txt</fn>
Photos: Izigcina-kufuma: Izigcina-kufuma zisetyenziswa njengomaleko wokhuselo ongqonga izityalo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuguquka kwamanzi okufuma ukuba angabi ngumphunga, umkhenkce ezingcanjini kunye nokukhula kokhula.
Isiphumo semvula namaqabaza emvula emhlabeni ongagqunywanga kananjalo nento enokwenziwa ukunciphisa umonakalo owenziwa zizikhukula zemvula zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezo kumvelisi-zityalo.
NgoFebhuwari kwiPula/iMvula saqwalasela ukukhuselwa komhlaba ongaphezulu saza sakhanyisa iziphumo zokhukuliseko lomhlaba kananjalo iintlobo zokhukuliseko. Kweli nqaku sichaza iziphumo zemvula kumhlaba ongagqunywanga ngokunjalo neziphumo zomaleko womhlaba.
Inxalenye yamandla amaqabaza emvula isebenza ukuqhekeza iimbumba zomhlaba ukuze ngokwenza njalo itshize iingqakumbana zomhlaba zithi saa. Kwinqanaba lomgangatho, umhlaba utshizwa phantse ngokulinganayo ngakuwo onke amacala kanti mncinci kakhulu umhlaba ode ulahleke; kodwa kumhlaba osethambekeni, uthi chatha umhlaba otshizeka uqengqeleke ezantsi kwenduli kunasemmangweni. Ngoko ke emathambekeni umhlaba usoloko usehlela ezantsi ukuze ugqibele ngokulahleka kwindawo obukuyo uye kutsho kwenye indawo.
Kukho unxulumano olusondeleleneyo phakathi kobunzulu bamandla emvula nokukhukuliseka. Yinyaniso eyaziwayo ukuba ubukhulu bomonakalo wokhukuliseko (50% ukuya kuma-80%) bubangwa bubunzulu bamandla ezichotho obufumaneka kumaxesha athile kwiindawo ezifumana imvula ehlotyeni.
Eba maninzi amaqabaza emvula atshizayo ukuhla endulini.
Kuthi chatha ukuqengqeleka ethambekeni.
Ukuqengqeleka kwenzeka msinyane kakhulu.
Inqanaba lokunyuka kwethambeka kananjalo nezenzo zolawulo zicutha izityalo ezinokulinywa kwisiza esithile, xa ukhukuliseko lomhlaba lunokugcinwa phantsi kwemida yokhuseleko. Le mida ixhomekeke ubukhulu becala kubukhulu bokhukuliseko olwenziwa ziimvula nobuthathaka bomhlaba kukhukuliseko kwindawo ethile.
Wonke umhlaba olinyiweyo osethambekeni elingaphezu kwe-3% mawukhuselwe ngeekhonto (zona ziyimiqolo ephakanyisiweyo emhlabeni eyenzelwe ukukhokelela amanzi angafunekiyo ngaphandle kwentsimi).
Izityalo ezihamba ngokwemiqolo zinokulinywa emathambekeni anganeno kwe-10%.
Intwana yezityalo eziziinkozo inokulinywa emathambekeni anganeno kwe-15%.
Ukutyisa impahla kunokuvunyelwa kumathambeka nganeno kwe-30%.
Amathambeka ngaphezu kwe-30% makasetyenziswe kuphela ngenjongo yokubiyela amahlathi nokukhusela indalo yasendle.
Izityalo ezikhula ngokwendalo zisesona sisombululo sincomekayo sokunqanda isenzo zokhukuliseko lwemvula. Ezona mpembelelo zinkulu zezityalo ezikhula ngokwendalo kukhukuliseko lwemvula kukuba ezi zityalo ziba ngathi ziikanopi zeveni ezisuka zime njengee-umbrella phezu komhlaba, ngamanye amazwi, sisakhono sezityalo zendalo esethisa amandla amaqabaza emvula phambi kokuba afike emhlabeni. Imvula, ewa phezu kwamagqabi nezikhondo zezityalo eziyindalo ilahlekelwa ngamandla ayo okubaleka xa ibetha kuzo, aze la maqabaza aphuke abe mancinci ngakumbi, athi efika emhlabeni abe selengasenamendu, namandla awo ehlile, okanye athi ngokuqengqeleka ezikhondweni zezityalo zendalo afike emhlabeni selengasenamandla kangako.
Izigcina kufuma zizigqumathelo zekanopi ezinesakhono kakhulu. Izigcina-kufuma zinqanda amanzi emvula akufutshane emhlabeni, ukuze zithintele amaqabazana ekuphindeni afumane amendu. Izigcina-kufuma kananjalo zithintela ukuqengqeleka, zinciphise amendu nesakhono sothutho.
Izigcina-kufuma zendalo zisenokwenziwa ngesitroyi, amagqabi, izinti, i-sawdust okanye amaceba eenkuni ezitshweziweyo phezu kwentsimi. Ngokwezolimo, iintsalela zezityalo nazo zisebenza kakuhle.
Isakhono sesigqumathelo somhlaba sokunqanda ukhukuliseko sanda ngendlela engqalileyo ngokwepesenti yesigqumathelo eso somhlaba. Xa sichaza ngenye indlela - isixa sokhukuliseko lomhlaba silingana ngqo nesixa somhlaba ongagqunywanga.
Iintsalela zezityalo mazishiywe kumphezulu womhlaba, ngaphandle kokuba kukho izizathu eziphathekayo zokungenziwa koko, umzekelo, izifo zezityalo, ukusuka kwe-nitrogen emhlabeni ngenxa yokubola kwezityalo eziyindalo, imfuno yokulima neyokuhlakula, ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula njl.njl. Kanti kukwakho nesenzo esithandwa eMzantsi Afrika sokusebenzisa iintsalela zezityalo njengokutya kwempahla.
Malunga neengxaki zokulima, kukho izixhobo ezikhoyo zokulima nezokutyala ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izigcina-kufuma.
Kwiziganeko zezityalo ezihamba ngokwemiqolo, ukulima nokuhlakula kunokwenziwa kwimiqolo elinyiweyo kuphela, kushiywe iindawo eziphakathi kwemiqolo ziphantsi kwezigcina-kufuma. Ukhula lunokutshatyalaliswa ngemichiza.
<fn>PulaImvula. Pula.2010-01.xh.txt</fn>
INkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama iqhagamshelana ngamanqaku anomdla nomlimi ngokusebenzisa ileta yeendaba zenyanga nganye i-Pula/Imvula.
Ngenyanga nganye kunikelwa ngeekopi ezingamawaka ali-18 000 ze-Pula/Imvula ngeelwimi ezisixhenxe - isiNgesi, isiBhulu, isiSuthu, iSetswana, iSesotho sa Leboa, IsiZulu nesiXhosa. Qho ngenyanga iPula/Imvula inamaphepha asibhozo anikwa inkxaso yiMaize Trust. I-Winter Cereals Trust yona inamaphepha amane awongezelelweyo apapashwa ngeSesotho ngoMatshi, ngoJuni, ngoSeptemba nangoDisemba. I-OPOT ke yona inamaphepha amane awongezelelweyo apapashwa ngazo zonke iilwimi (ngaphandle kwesiXhosa) ngoJanyuwari, ngoEpreli, ngoJulayi nango-Oktobha.
Senza onke amalinge okubandakanya amanqaku atsala umdla womlimi ngenyanga ethile. La manqaku onke aphathelele kwimiba yomhlaba, umsebenzi wokufama, imisebenzi yemveliso, ukuthengisa, ukusetyenziswa koomatshini kunye nolawulo.
Kwakhona masibulele abaxhasi bale nkqubo ngethuba abasinika lona lokufaka igalelo kuphuhliso lwezolimo nenguqu kwicandelo lezolimo.
<fn>PulaImvula. RainfallMaize.2009-09.xh.txt</fn>
Photos: Isazobe 1.1: Imvula yonyaka yesixa esiqhelekileyo ilinganiswa ngokwe-mm ngonyaka.
Isazobe 1.2: Isixa sonyaka esiqhelekileyo sokuqhuma komphunga wamanzi silinganiswa ngokwe-mm ngonyaka.
Ukufuma ngowona mba ubalulekileyo ophembelela umsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo. Ummandla ngamnye unesixa esiqhelekileyo semvula esifakwe exwebhini. Le mvula yesiqhelo yiyo enika isalathiso esithembeke kakhulu sokuba zeziphi izityalo ezinokulinywa kummandla othile phantsi kweemeko zomhlaba owomileyo / owondliwa ngemvula. Apho kunokwenzeka khona ukunkcenkcesha, ikhona eminye imibandela yemozulu ebaluleke ngakumbi njengoko iimfuneko zamanzi zinokulawulwa ngokunkcenkcesha.
Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba nangona imvula inokuna, asingawo onke loo manzi afunekayo kwisityalo. Ukuba imvula ina ngamandla amakhulu, amanzi aqengqelekayo ayanda. Ukuba umhlaba unethambeka, ngokunjalo amanzi aqengqelekayo ayanda. Kuxhomekeke kwindlela osetyenzwa ngayo umhlaba, umhlaba usenokuba nomaleko ogangathekileyo oza kuthintela ukufunxeka kwawo. Ukuba umhlaba awunasigcina-kufuma kuyanda ukuqhuma kwamanzi njengomphunga. Uhlobo lomhlaba nalo luphembelela ubungakanani bokufuma obunokugcinwa emhlabeni kanti ubukho bokhula emhlabeni nako kunokusebenzisa ukufuma okusemhlabeni, ukuze izityalo zingakufumani. Isixa sonyaka sesiqhelo semvula nesokuqhuma kwamanzi njengomphunga eMzantsi Afrika siboniswa kwisazobe 1.1 nakwisazobe 1.2 (DWAF, 1986).
Unganeno kuma-20% umhlaba waseMzantsi Afrika oyi-1,05 sezigidi zee-square kilometre onemozulu ephantse yafuma nenemvula yesixa sesiqhelo engaphezu kwama-750 mm/ngonyaka nesixa sesiqhelo sokuqhuma kwamanzi njengomphunga esinganeno kwi-1 400 mm/ngonyaka - esinokulindelwa njengeemeko ezilungele ukulinywa kwezityalo nokuveliswa kwezityalo.
Imimandla enemvula engaphezulu kuma-500 mm/ngonyaka kunye nokuqhuma kwamanzi njengomphunga okunganeno kwi-1 800 mm/ngonyaka kubandakanya ummandla osembindini we-highveld, ummandla oselunxwemeni olusempuma kunye nommandla wemvula yasebusika. Ukunkcenkcesha iintlobo-ntlobo ezibanzi zezityalo, ngokunjalo nokulinywa komhlaba owomileyo ubukhulu becala kulinywa umbona, ummoba nengqolowa kukholisa ukwenzeka kule mimandla. Ubukhulu belizwe bunemozulu efudumeleyo nephantse ukoma ukuya kweyomileyo, nemvula yesiqhelo, enika nganeno kwama-50% kokuqhuma-kumfimfa kwamanzi okufunwa zizityalo ukuze zikhule kangangoko ukwenzela imveliso. Ukunkcenkcesha ke ngoko kubalulekile kumadlelo, kwigadi yeziqhamo nasekulinyweni kwezityalo kule mimandla.
<fn>PulaImvula. Resources.2008-08.xh.txt</fn>
Imithombo esetyenziswayo - ingaba uyisebenzisa ngobulumko kangakanani?
Uvavanyo nokusetyenziswa ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo okunokufunyanwa ngumlimi kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo esekugqibeleni yakhe nawuphi umlimi.
Intsimi nefama - kubandakanywa ukusetyenziswa kwentsimi, izinto ezixabisekileyo ngamasimi, ubunini bamasimi nesakhiwo solawulo lwefama.
Amanzi nemimandla emanzi - kubandakanywa iindleko zokunkcenkcesha nezamanzi, umgangatho wamanzi, imo yemimandla emanzi kunye nemisele.
Ulwazi nesakhono sokukhupha imveliso - kubandakanywa izifundo ngofuzo kwizityalo nakwizilwanyana, uphando nophuhliso, ezobugcisa ezimalunga nokuphila kwezolimo kunye nokuncomeka kokukhula kwemveliso ekhutshwayo.
Ulawulo lwemveliso yezolimo - kubandakanywa ulawulo lweshishini lefama, ulawulo lomhlaba kunye nolondolozo, imisebenzi yokutshabalalisa izibulali zezityalo, imisebenzi yokulawula izondlo, imisebenzi yokuvelisa izilwanyana kunye nemo engqonge le misebenzi, ulawulo lokunkcenkcesha ngamanzi, ulawulo lwezobugcisa bokuphatha ulwazi kunye nezixokelelwano zokukhupha imveliso ezikhatshwa yimisebenzi ephucukileyo yolondolozo.
Omnye umbandela obalulekileyo onokubonwa njengenxalenye yolawulo kukuqwalasela ummandla wentengiso - ngaphandle kommandla wentengiso yemveliso; akukho ngqiqo ekukhupheni imveliso.
Nangona yonke le mibandela ibalulekile malunga neshishini elinempumelelo lolondolozo kwezolimo eli nqaku lijoliswe kuvavanyo lwesakhono somhlaba nakulawulo lomhlaba njengomthombo osetyenziswayo okhupha imveliso ukuze kuyilwe ishishini elinenzuzo nelilondolozekayo. Yonke eminye imibandela mayikhunjulwe xa kusetyenziswa imigaqo yokukhupha imveliso ngendlela ephathekayo neyakuthi yalathe iindleko ezingqalileyo nezisisigxina ezifuneka xa kusenziwa isicwangciso solwabiwo-mali lwemithombo yemali kuhlalutyo lomda obanzi weshishini elilelakho lomsebenzi wokufama.
Umhlaba ngomnye wemithombo esetyenziswayo ebaluleke kakhulu nakweliphi ilizwe. Yonke imihla abaphathi beefama basoloko besenza izigqibo malunga nokusetyenziswa komhlaba oko kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemimandla yentengiso, imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente kunye neempawu ezithile zomhlaba ngokwawo.
Okubandakanywa kwezi njongo zale misebenzi yimimandla esetyenziselwa uthutho emaphandleni, iipaki zasemaphandleni kunye nobomi basendle, iinjongo zemisebenzi yokhuselo namashishini, indawo eziziifama, iindlela zasefama needolophana zasemaphandleni. Umhlaba oshiyekileyo wabelwa imimandla emanzi, imigxobhozo, imifula, imilambo, amadami, amawa aselubala kunye nommandla wentlangu.
Yomeleza iyantlukwano kwindalo yasendle.
Amafama aseMzantsi Afrika anako ukuthatha ithuba lokusebenzisa le mithombo esetyenziswayo ngokunika amathuba okuloba kubungcali bokhenketho nozingelo ngokwenza njalo ayile ingeniso enganxulumenanga nemveliso engqalileyo. Imithombo eyabelwe umhlaba ibonakala ngeembuyekezo ezithile kwimisebenzi eyahlukahlukeneyo ekhuphisanayo kwaye inokwahluka ngokomgangatho womhlaba nangokweendawo.
Intsimi yefama ephuma phambili okanye ekhupha imveliso ephezulu ichazwa ngabantu njengentsimi enomdibaniso ongowona ufanelekileyo weempawu eziphathekayo nezemichiza ngenjongo yokuvelisa ukutya, isondlo, imicu yefula nezityalo zembewu yeoyile.
Intsimi mayibe kummandla onomgangatho womhlaba, ixesha lonyaka lokukhulisa nenkxaso yokufuma efuneka ekuveliseni izivuno ezilondolozekayo zezityalo xa iphethwe kwaye ilawulwa kakuhle ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezamkelekileyo zokulima, kubandakanywa ulawulo lwamanzi nemisebenzi yolondolozo.
Ayagqobhozeka ngamanzi nangumoya.
Umsebenzi wemveliso yentsimi yefama ephuma phambili unokubandakanya iimveliso zezityalo ezilinywayo ezifana nombona, amazimba, ingqolowa, ihabile, oojongilanga, i-canola, iimbotyi zesoya, icuba, imifuno, iimveliso zeentyatyambo, umqhaphu iimveliso zemfuyo ezivela kwiinkomo zenyama, iinkomo zobisi, iigusha, iibhokhwe, iinkuku kunye nezilwanyana zasendle. Izixokelelwano ezahluka-hlukeneyo ezivelisa isityalo esinye okanye ngaphezulu ngojikeleziso lwezityalo naxa kuhlanganiselwa izixokelelwano ezibanzi nezigxininisayo zemfuyo seziphunyeziwe ngamafama kwihlabathi ngokubanzi.
Iinguquko ekusetyenzisweni kwentsimi zinako ukuchaphazela imo eyingqongileyo kunye nolondolozo lwemveliso. Maxa wambi iziganeko ezinefuthe kwimo engqonge intsimi ezifana nokhukuliseko, umgangatho wamanzi neendawo zokuhlala ubomi basendle azisoloko ziboniswa kwizibalo zenzuzo yabucala kanti umsebenzisi wentsimi othile unokuxhalaba ngepokotho yakhe kunokuba axhalabe ngokusetyenziswa okulondolozekayo kwentsimi. Iindlela zokukhetha ukusetyenziswa komhlaba ezifaneleke kakhulu emntwini othile zisenokungafaneleki ncam xa zisetyenziswa luluntu.
Umnini-ntsimi ozingela ukufumana ezona nzuzo ziphezulu uya kwabela ilinge eliphezulu ekusetyenzisweni okunika izivuno ezizezona ziphezulu ezilindeleke kwimbuyekezo enoqoqosho.
<fn>PulaImvula. Safety.2008-01.xh.txt</fn>
Njengabanini beetrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza, kufuneka siyazi inyaniso yokuba sinoxanduva lokubeka iliso nakubani osebenza ngezixhobo zethu.
Siphantsi kwemithetho eyahlukahlukileyo ephathelene nokukhanyisa, impilontle yangasese, ukufumana impepho, impahla yokhuselo, ukucocwa koomatshini ngokunjalo nokukhokela abo basebenza ngezixhobo eziyingozi.
Isantya esiphezulu kakhulu.
Ukunqongophala kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokhuselo.
Ukulungalungisa oomatshini abashenxisekayo.
Unqongophalo lwamakhaka okuzikhusela.
Sebenzisa isixhobo esilungileyo: Musa ukunyanzelisa izixhobo ezincinci ukwenza umsebenzi ofanele ukwenziwa sisixhobo somsebenzi omkhulu.
Gcina izixhobo ngenkathalo: Gcina izixhobo zitsolo okanye zilungalungiswe kakuhle kwaye uzicoce rhoqo. Qinisekisa ukuba imiqheba ibotshelelwe ngokhuseleko kakuhle.
Sebenzisa iindodo zokhuseleko nezinye izixhobo ezininzi. Ngokunjalo sebenzisa isigqumathelo sobuso okanye esothuli ukuba umsebenzi wokusika unothuli.
Gcina abagcini kwiindawo zabo kwaye bekwiindawo ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza.
Mababe kude abantwana: Zonke iindwendwe zeshishini mazigcinwe kude kwindawo yokusebenza.
Gcina indawo yokusebenza icocekile: Iindawo ezixineneyo nezitulo ezide zimema iingozi.
Londoloza izixhobo ezingasetyenziswayo: Xa zingasetyenziswa, mazilondolozwe izixhobo - zisuke endleleni. Zikhuphe embaneni izixhobo ezingasetyenziswayo.
Faka isinxibo esifanele umsebenzi: Impahla eyekeyeke isuka ibambeke kwiinxalenye ezishukumayo.
Wulawule umsebenzi: Sebenzisa iziqhoboshelo okanye izixhakamfuli ukubamba umsebenzi. Kukhuselekile oko kunokusebenzisa izandla zakho kanti oko kunika izandla zakho ixesha lokukhululeka ukuze zisebenzise isixhobo.
Musa ukunyanzelisa isixhobo: Siya kuwenza umsebenzi phucukileyo nangokukhuselekileyo kunokunyanzeliswa ngokwamendu esingayilelwanga wona.
Musa ukungcotsha: Gcina indawo efanelekileyo yokubeka iinyawo nokulungelelanisa umzimba ngawo onke amaxesha.
Zitsale kakuhle izixhobo - musa ukuzinyanzelisa. Ukuba kufuneka utyhilize ngamandla, sebenzisa umva womphakathi wesandla uze usigcine sivulekile isandla. Oku kuya kuthintela iindawo ezitsolo zeminwe.
Izixhobo ezineencam ezitsolo zibambele kude nomzimba wakho. Oku kuya kuthintela ukwenzakala okunokubakho xa sinokuphuncuka isixhobo.
Umbane oya kwizixhobo mawuhambe phantsi emhlabeni. Sebenzisa iplagi eneencam ezintathu okanye isinabisi sombane esinocingo oluqhtyoshelwe kwisiqwenga somhlaba esaziwayo.
Ukukhanya nempepho mazilunge kakuhle. Qiniseka ukuba iindawo zee-bench zinokukhanya okwaneleyo nokuba imisi ephuma kwiimibhobho yee-exhaust iphumela ngaphandle kwamagumbi okusebenzela.
Gcina inyanda yoncedo lokuqala esebenzisekayo. Ukwenzakala okungathi kuncinci makunyangwe kwangoko ukuze kungaqalisi usulelo kuko.
<fn>PulaImvula. Safex.2008-04.xh.txt</fn>
Isengxoweni (okanye intetho elolo hlobo)!
Sisengabantwana sasifundiswa oku "ungabokubala amantshontsho phambi kokuba aqandusele", nangona kunjalo, wakuba usivunile isityalo sakho, sesakho ngenene. Ngoku kufuneka wenze isigqibo sokuba ingaba uza kusithumela apho sifuneka khona kwangoko na okanye uza kusigcina ulinde de ixabiso linyuke okanye lihle, ukuba akubanga nathamsanqa - xa ke sicingela ukuba ubungenalo ubhambathiso lokuthengisa, lona ke ufanele ukuthembeka kulo.
Yeyiphi imibandela ekufuneka ndiyiqwalasele malunga nolondolozo?
Ingaba ndinako ukuwenza umsebenzi, ukucoca nokulondoloza efama?
Ingaba ndinako ukungqalisa ukutya ukusuka emasimini (ngexesha lokuvuna) ukuya kumsebenzi wesisele se-silo, komnye umfama, kumatshini wokucola okanye komnye umsebenzisi weemveliso zombona?
Ukuba kufuneka ulondolozwe efama umbona okanye kumsebenzi orhwebayo wesisele esiyi-silo ingaba yintoni ixabiso lolu londolozo ngetoni nganye?
Ingaba ixabiso lokulondoloza liya kunika inzuzo esalayo na emva kokuhlawulwa kwenzala nezinye iintlawulo Funda ushicilelo olucoselelweyo nakoluphi ubhambathiso olungenelelweyo malunga nolondolozo?
Zintshukumo zini ezilindeleke kwixabiso lesityalo esiziinkozo?
Hlaziya naziphi izicwangciso zokuthengisa ngokusekwe, obona buncinci, kuphando lweveki nganye lwentengiso malunga nemozulu kunye nemikhwa yamaxabiso emva kokuzidibanisa nomthengisi wakho okanye umcebisi wakho malunga nentengiso.
Yeyiphi imibandela ephembelela ixabiso lombona eMzantsi Afrika?
Ukuba kubekho umbona okhoyo oyintsalela eMzantsi Afrika (njengowama-2004 nowama-2005) ixabiso lombona leSafex likholisa ukurhweba kufutshane nolungelelwaniso lokuthumela ukutya ngaphandle.
Xa kubonakala ngathi kusenokubakho unqongophalo lombona eMzantsi Afrika (njengowama-2006 nowama-2007) ixabiso lombona leSafex likholisa ukurhweba kufutshane nolungelelwaniso lokuthatha ukutya ngaphandle.
Ixabiso lombona lehlabathi yeyona nxalenye inkulu kubalo lwamaxabiso olungelelwaniso lokuthatha nokuthumela ngaphandle.
Amaxabiso ombona ehlabathi kwakhona ahluka mihla le ngokwemeko yehlabathi.
Inguquko kwixabiso lehlabathi iya kwenza inguquko kumanqanaba olungelelwaniso lwamaxabiso okuthatha ngaphandle.
Amaxabiso olungelelwaniso lokuthatha ngaphandle ombona waseUSA naseArgentina ubukhulu becala asetyenziswa njengesikali samaxabiso ombona saseMzantsi Afrika.
Iindleko ezinxulumene nobalo lwexabiso lolungelelwaniso lokuthatha nelokuthumela ngaphandle ezifana nexabiso lokuthenga umbona kummandla wentengiso wehlabathi (ixabiso-elikhululekileyo-lombona okuthuthlo kwilizwe elithile), iindleko zothutho ngolwandle neinshorensi yothutho, lixelwa liphinde lihlawulwe ngokweeUS-dollars.
Ukuguqula ezi ndleko ziye kwiirandi zaseMzantsi Afrika kufuneka ziphindaphindwe ngesantya sotshintshiselwano serandi/US dollar.
Amaxabiso ahla esenyuka mihla le kwisantya sotshintshiselwano serandi/US-dollar ngokunjalo aya kwenza inguquko kumaxabiso ombona olungelelwaniso okuthatha nokuthumela ngaphandle.
Umbona waseMzantsi Afrika ukurhwebo lwayo yonke imihla kummandla weemveliso zezolimo we-South African Futures Exchange (Safex) eyinxalenye yeJohannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE).
I-Safex inokuchazwa njengesixokelelwano sefandesi eyenziwa ekhompyutheni apho abathengi (umzekelo abacoli bombona) kunye nabathengi (umzekelo abavelisi bombona) banokuthenga ngokubiza amaxabiso kwifandesi okanye banikele ngokuthengisa umbona kwithuba (kwinyanga) ethile.
Iziganeko zokurhweba kummandla wentengiso weemveliso zezolimo zikhona yonke imihla ukusuka ngentsimbi ye-09:00 - 12:00.
I-Randfontein (Gauteng) yindawo ekubhekiselelwa kuyo yexabiso lombona.
Ixabiso lombona we-Safex ngoko ke lixabiso lombona osiwa eRandfontein.
Ukuba umbona usiwa nakweyiphi i-silo eyiyenye ngaphandle kweRandfontein, makwenziwe ulungelelaniso kwixabiso elibonisa iindleko zothutho ukusuka kuloo silo ukuya eRandfontein, kananjalo nezinye iindleko.
Ukufikelela kwixabiso umvelisi aya kulifumana ngombona, xa usiwe kwi-silo ebhalisiweyo yeSafex engeyiyo iRandfontein, kufuneka kuthatyathwe iimali ezithile kwixabiso lombona.leSafex.
Eyokuqala ethatyathwayo yeyomahluko wendawo (yona iziindleko zothutho ezibaliweyo ukusuka kwi-silo ethile ukuya eRandfontein) kwaye ipapashwa ngonyaka ngamnye yiSafex.
Ukuba umbona usiwa kwi-silo yorhwebo, ishishini lezolimo (umnini-silo) uya kufuna intlawulo yokuphatha umsebenzi.
Okuqhelekileyo kukuba intlawulo yokuthengisa kananjalo iya kuhlawuliswa lishishini lezolimo okanye iqumrhu elirhwebayo ukuba umbona awuthengiswa ngokungqalileyo kumcoli wombona (umzk. umbona uthengiswa lishishini lezolimo lisenzela umfama).
Ukuba umbona awuthengiswa ngqo emva kokusiwa (uyalondolozwa okwethutyana) kufuneka kananjalo kwenziwe amalungiselelo eendleko zolondolozo.
Kubalulekile ukuba umvelisi aqonde ukuba ixabiso afikelela kulo umvelisi lelona xabiso liphantsi anokulifumana ngombona wakhe kwi-silo ethile. Ngokuthetha-thethana ngqo nequmrhu lokucola, ishishini lezolimo okanye amanye amaqumrhu okurhweba ngezityalo eziziinkozo unokufumana ixabiso eliphucukileyo kunexabiso afikelela kulo umvelisi.
Kubaluleke ngenene ukuba umvelisi akhumbule ukuba ungumnini wesityalo esingumbona - kukuwe ukuthengisa kanti ukuba akulonwabelanga ixabiso, thetha-thethana ukuze ufumane ixabiso eliphucukileyo. Ixabiso leSafex lixabiso elilelona lincinci elingathelekisekiyo onokuzilungisela ukulamkela.
<fn>PulaImvula. School(maize).2011-05-11.xh.txt</fn>
Graph 1: Izikolo ezityelelwe ngekota yokuqala ngo-2010 nango-2011.
Graph 2: Abafundi abazibandakanye kutyelelo lwekota yokuqala yango-2011.
Graph 3: Abafundi abaye kwimiboniso-ngcaciso yekota yokuqala.
Graph 4: Izikolo ezityelelwe kumaphondo ngamaphondo ngekota yokuqala ka-2011.
Ngowama-2010, iGrain SA iqalise inkqubo yezikolo ngokuncediswa yiMaize Trust. Inkqubo leyo ibe yimpumelelo. Xa besifaka isicelo sethu kwiMaize Trust ngowama-2010/2011, siphinde sacela inkxaso-mali yenkqubo yezikolo. I-Maize trust iyamkele ngobubele obukhulu inkxaso-mali yokutyelela izikolo.
Kubalulekile ukuba sikhuthaze abantwana ukuba balazi ixabiso lezolimo njengomthombo wokutya neentsinga zako, lingumdlali wendima enkulu kwezoqoqosho, liveza amathuba emisebenzi linika nabantu uqeqesho lomsebenzi abanokuwufundela. Bangaphezu kwesiqingatha abemi base-Afrika abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-20 ubudala. Abantwana bangabasebenzisi beli xesha, abasebenzisi bexesha elizayo nesizukulwana esilandelayo sabasebenzi ngoko ke xa sinokukhawuleza sibenze balazi ixabiso lolimo ngokubanzi ngakumbi kwishishini lombona, singakhawuleza sibe nethemba lokubenza baqonde ukubaluleka kwalo.
Kulo nyaka injongo ephambili yeprojekthi yethu ibikukuphuhlisa iiDVD ezintathu ezahluka-hlukileyo ezibonisa icandelo lezolimo, ishishini lombona kunye nolimo njengomsebenzi anokuqeqeshelwa wona umntu. Inani labantwana likhulu kakhulu - kwisikolo ngasinye siye sinyanzeleke ukuthatha isigqibo sokuba sinako na ukubabona abantwana kunye (njengoko amaqela amakhulu kungelulanga ukuwenza azikise ingqondo kwaye athathe inxaxheba.), okanye mhlawumbi siwabone ngokuwahlukanisa amaqela (oko kuthethe ukuba umqeqeshi kufuneka aphinde isifundo esinye amaxa amaninzi). Siye kwiAgriSETA ngo-Oktobha 2010 ukuya kucela inkxaso yabo yale nkqubo. Basixelele ukuba baza kusilungiselela ama-R360 000 ukwenzela uphuhlisio lweeDVD ezintathu. Siwamkele ngombulelo omkhulu umnikelo wabo saza saqalisa inkqubo yokumema ukuze sikwazi ukuchonga umboneleli wenkonzo ofanelekileyo onokuzenza iiDVD ezo. Ekugqibeleni sivumelene noMartie Willemse ovela kwiziko leemveliso le-Noline ngeDVD yokuqala kwaza kweyesibini iDVD safumana uPW van Wyk waseAgriTV.
Abaniki-ngcaciso bachongwa kwimimandla elishumi eyahluka-hlukileyo, eyile, iFree State, uMntla-Ntshona, uMntla-Ntshona/iGauteng, iKwaZulu-Natal, iMpuma-Koloni, uMntla-Koloni neMpumalanga. Kwikota yokuqala, izikolo ezityelelweyo zili-180 apho abafundi badlalelwa iDVD. IDVD iphuhliswe ngendlela evumela ukuba kubekho iindawo ezintathu ekunokunqunyanywa kuzo ukuze umniki-ngcaciso akwazi ukuxoxa ngeziqulatho nabafundi. Emva kweseshoni, isikolo siphinda sinikwe ipowusta ekhumbuza isikolo ngeziqulatho zeDVD yokuqala - Ukutya, iiNtsinga zoKutya noBomi.
Abanye abafundi bezikolo ebezityelelwe babuziwe ukuba ingaba usuku olo lubalulekile na kubo.
"Andazi nokuba ndingaqala ngaphi kodwa endinokukutsho kukuba ndifunde lukhulu kwaye ndingakuvuyela ukufunda okuthe chatha. Ndikholelwa ekubeni kubaluleke ngenene ukutyala imithi, njl. ukuze sihlale siphila ubomi obungummangaliso nobumnandi bemihla ngemihla. Ndifunde nokuthi ubomi bokulima asibobomi babalimi kuphela, thina njengabantu abatsha, kufuneka sazi banzi ngezifundo zolimo ukuze sivelise ukutya okuza kusetyenziswa ngabanye abantu kwaye ukususela namhla ndiza kwenza isitiya sam semifuno kuba ndifunde ukuba kuninzi endinokukuzuza ngokulima. Ngoko ke ndinovuyo olukhulu kwaye ndifuna ukubulela iGrain SA ngokusifundisa ngendlela ezibaluleke ngayo ezolimo. Ngenxa yoko ndiyinqwenelela okuhle kodwa iGrain SA. Wanga uThixo angayikhokela side siphinde sibonane kwixesha elizayo".
"Sifunde izinto ezininzi ebesingazazi, njengokuthi ukutya kwehlabathi okungama-90% kuveliswa ngabalimi. Kufuneka abalimi abahlanu ukwenza ibhega enye. Abanye bethu bebengazi ukuba impahla enxitywayo yenziwa ngesikhumba esinoboya bezilwanyana kanti nezilwanyana ezo zikwayinxalenye yolimo. Besicinga ukuba ezolimo ziphathelene nokufama kuphela kodwa namhla sifumanise ukuba besiphazama. Ukulima kuphathelene nabalimi kuba ngaphandle kwabo akunakubakho kutya".
"Ewe! Ingcaciso siyiqonde ngokucacileyo kwaye sifunde okuninzi ngezolimo. Asinakuphila ngaphandle kwezolimo. Enyanisweni kukho intsebenziswano enkulu phakathi kwemo engqonge abalimi apho bavelisa ukutya kwizilwanyana nezityalo. Sifunde ukuba neempahla esizinxibayo zivela kwezolimo safunda nokuba ujongilanga ukhupha ioyile kwanomqhaphu onokusetyenziselwa iijini esizinxibayo asisathethi ngesimbo. Kwakhona sifunde ukuba inkqubo ye-photosynthesis yezityalo eziluhlaza yokuzenzela ukutya ngesiniki-bala se-chlorophyll yenzeka kuzo. Siyabulela kuwe Grain SA kube mnandi ukuba nawe".
"Ewe, ndifunde ukuba singawenza umahluko sakuba sigqibile esikolweni ngokuya kwenza umsebenzi wasefama ukuze sonke sifumane ukutya. Kwakhona namhlanje ndibonile ukuba xa sinokuvelisa ukutya okuyimveliso yethu siya kukwazi ukutya, kwaye umsebenzi wokufama awululanga ngendlela ebesicinga ngayo. Andizange ndakha ndayicinga nzulu inkqubo yokuvelisa izityalo, kodwa ezi zifundo bezinomdla kakhulu kum. Ndibulela Kangangoko!"
"Ewe, kube mnandi ukufunda okuthe chatha ngezolimo kwaye ndifunde ukuba umhlaba ungumthombo wethu wobutyebi osentloko ehlabathini. Yonke into esiyifumana namhlanje ivela kwizilwanyana nasemhlabeni, konke oko kum kube ngamava amakhulu. Utatomkhulu wam wayengumlimi kodwa ebengenalwazi olukhulu njengotata wam olima izinto ezahluka-hlukileyo ezifana nekhaphetshu neetapile. Ndinqwenela ukuqhuba ngemfundiso yabazali bam nookhokho bam. Kananjalo utata wam uya kuba neqhayiya ngam. Ngoko ke into eyenzekileyo andinakuyilibala. Ndiyabulela kakhulu".
Ndifumanise ukuba ngaphandle kwezolimo siza kulamba kwaye siya kudinga nempahla enxitywayo. Kum ezolimo zibaluleke kakhulu kuthi bantu, nakwizilwanyana, njalo, njalo.
Ndibonile ukuba ngaphandle kwezolimo siya kutsala nzima, akusayi kubakho bantu nabakhoyo baya kufa. Ngaphandle kwezolimo akusayi kubakho zimpahla, nakutya kungasayi kubakho ndawo elikhusi. Ezolimo zibalulekile ebomini bethu kuba ngaphandle kwazo zininzi izinto ezingasayi kubakho ehlabathini. Ndiyabulela!
"Kundinike umdla kakhulu kuba ezinye izinto bendingazazi. Kundincede kakhulu. Ndinqwenela ukuba iGrain SA ingaphinda ibuye. Bendingazi ukuba irayisi ivela emhlabeni onamanzi. Okunye endikufundileyo kukuba ootatomkhulu bethu bebehamba baye kuzingela ukuze bakwazi ukunxiba, lo gama thina sithenga ezivenkileni. Ndifunde okuninzi ngaphezu kokuba bendilindele. Nincede nibuye ukuze nabo bebenganibonanga bafumane ithuba lokunibona. Baya kumangaliswa kukubona endikubone namhlanje. Bekunomdla omkhulu kakhulu!"
"Oku kuthethe okukhulu kum kuba kundenze ndaqonda ukuba konke esikutyayo nesikunxibayo kuvela kwindalo. Ndifunde ukuba abalimi banendima enkulu abayidlala ebomini bethu kuba bayasilimela ukuze sibe nemifuno esiyityayo ephuma emhlabeni olungileyo. Abalimi baqinisekisa ukuba izilwanyana esizityayo zisempilweni entle nokuba umhlaba ubaluleke kakhulu ebomini bethu. Abantu mabayilondoloze indalo kuba kusenokungabikho ukutya kuba sisebenzisa iitoni ezisisigidi esinye sombona ngonyaka ngamnye kwaye ukuba siqhuba ngokungafumani kutya ihlabathi linokuba sengozini, loo nto indenze ndacinga ngento esinayo nokuthi kufuneka sibe nombulelo".
"Utyelelo lweGrain SA lube neempembelelo ezinika ithemba kakhulu - kuba lusinike ulwazi ngendlela iimveliso ezenziwa ngayo kwicandelo lokuqala, elilandela elokuqala ukuya kwelokugqibela. Oku kundinike amava angummangaliso. Enyanisweni ndimangaliswe yintsusa yezinto ezisetyenziselwa ukufaka igalelo. Ukubona amathuba emisebenzi umntu anokuwafumana ngenxa yemibandela yezolimo kundenze ndazikisa ukucinga. Kwakhona ndifunde nendlela ezenziwe ngayo iimpahla endizinxiba yonke imihla. Ngoku ndiza kuphanda ngemfundo endinokuyiqeqeshelwa xa ndinokuzibandakanya kwezolimo kuba ndibone nokuba abantu abangenabuchule banabo bokusebenza banokufaka igalelo - nto leyo ethetha ukuba kuza kudaleka amathuba emisebenzi ukuze kuguquke ubomi babantu abaninzi. Oku kuphinde kwaba ngamava amangalisayo kum".
"Ewe, kube noncedo olukhulu kuba ndifunde ngaphezu kokuba bendilindele. Ekuqaleni bendingazi ukuba ezolimo zibaluleke kangako nokuba kudlala indima enkulu kangako ebomini bethu. Kumangalisa kakhulu ukuba kusasa nje ndivuke ndatya ukutya okuvele ngenxa yezolimo. Kumangalisa nangakumbi ukwazi ukuba ndinxibe iimpahla ezivela kwezolimo. Okunye okumangalisayo kukuba ndiza kulala ngezinto ezikwavela kwezolimo. Bendingazi ukuba irayisi yenziwe kwisityalo. Enyanisweni ezolimo zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ebomini bethu Kufuneka sizilondoloze izityalo zethu nezo sicinga ukuba azinamsebenzi kuba bendicinga ukuba akukho nto inokwenziwa ngezityalo ezikhula emanzini kodwa ndifumanise ukuba yona irayisi leyo yenziwe ngesityalo ebendicinga ukuba asinamsebenzi. Ndiluvuyela kakhulu utyelelo lweGrain SA kwisikolo sethu kuba basifundise izinto ezininzi ngezolimo. Ndijonge phambili kutyelelo lwabo olulandelayo. Ndiyabulela kwiGrain SA, ngokusinika olu lwazi".
"Ndifunde lukhulu malunga nokuba iimveliso zivela phi nokuba kwenziwe ntoni kuzo xa bezisekukutya okungekaqhutyelwa phambili. Kwakhona sifunde ukuba ukutya kuqala kwicandelo lokuqala kuqhutyelwe phambili kude kufike kwicandelo lokugqibela ukuze kube yimveliso egqibeleleyo. Kukwasinika iityuwa neentsinga zako".
"Ewe ndifunde izinto ezindenza imincili kakhulu kuba ndifunde lukhulu kakhulu ngezolimo. Ndingumntu onentlonelo nengqiqo kwaye ngenxa yolu tyelelo ngoku zininzi izinto endiziqondayo ngezolimo kwaye ndifuna ukufunda okuthe chatha ngazo. Oko kulunge kakhulu. Ndinqwenela ukwenza ezolimo kwaye ndiyakholelwa ekubeni kunamathuba amaninzi emisebenzi. Ndiya konwaba kakhulu xa umqeqeshi waseGrain SA, uMe A Thomas, enokundiphendula. Enikwenzileyo makungapheleli esikolweni sethu kodwa makube ziindaba ezilungileyo nakwezinye izikolo."
"Ewe kube libhongo elikhulu kuthi njengoko kusilungiselela umsebenzi wokufama wexesha elizayo. Le ntetho isincedile ukuze sibone indlela umsebenzi wasefama obaluleke ngayo malunga nokutya, iimpahla, izihlangu nombane. Kwakhona bazamile ukusikhuthaza ukuhlala emgaqweni wokwenza umsebenzi wokufama."
"Ewe, kusivule amehlo ukwazi indlela ukutya esikutyayo okufikelela ngayo kuthi nendlela okwenziwa ngayo. Kwakhona kusenze salibona elinye icala lezolimo nezinto zalo eziluncedo. Sifumene ukhanyo lwendlela ezenziwa ngayo iimpahla esizinxibayo nendlela esizifumana ngayo."
"Ewe, namhlanje ndifumanise ukuba enyanisweni ama-90% okanye ngaphezu koko kwizinto esizisebenzisa yonke imihla zivela kwezolimo. Sinomkhwa wokungazilondolozi izinto esizityayo, iimpahla esizinxibayo kanti kaninzi asinambulelo wezinto esizenzelwa ngamafama. Umsebenzi wamafama unzima kukho nezilwanyana ezixhelelwa inyama yethu, izingxobo eziphathwa esandleni ezenziwa ngesikhumba nangoboya. Ngoko ke kube lubonelelo olukhulu nembeko ukufundiswa nokukhunjuzwa ngezinto ezininzi zobomi yiGrain SA. Ngoko ke mandiphinde ndithi ndicinga ukuba kufuneka sizithathele ingqalelo kakhulu izinto sinciphise ungcoliseko kuba aluwulungelanga umhlaba wethu".
"Utyelelo beluxabisekile kum kwaye ndiqinisekile ukuba uninzi lwabntu esikolweni banoluvo olufana nolwam mhlawumbi bonke. Ndifunde lukhulu kolu tyelelo, ngakumbi ngokuba iimfuno ezininzi zabantu zivela kwishishini lezolimo. Ukusuka kwisiganeko sokuya kwabantu ezidolophini nokwanda kwamanani abantu, ezolimo zizo ezivala isikhewu ukusuka ezifama ukuya kwizixeko ezikhulu. Ezolimo zisebenza njengento eqhubela phambili ukuveliswa kokutya kwihlabathi liphelele. Phantse zonke iimpahla ezinxitywayo ziphenjelelwa yimveliso yezolimo. Sijonge phambili kutyelelo olulandelayo!"
"Ewe, kungenxa yokuba ndifunde ukuba maninzi amacandelo kwezolimo. IDVD ikwazile ukusichazela banzi ngendlela enika umdla. Indifundise ukuba mininzi imithombo yobutyebi exabisekileyo kwaye thina bantu kufuneka siyithathele ingqalelo. Sibulela kangangoko kukubona ukuba kukho abantu abanokuthatha ixesha labo, ukuze basifundise ngezinto ezinjalo kwaye siya kuhlala sijonge kutyelelo oluzayo".
"Ewe, bekunomdla kakhulu kwaye kuxabisekile. Mna ngokwam ndiyakuhlonela kakhulu endikutyayo nalapho kuvela khona. Ndiyabulela ukuba nabelane ngolwazi eninalo nathi, bekuluvuyo olukhulu. Nincede nimane ukukwenza oku, kuba kunomdla kakhulu".
Ewe, ndikholelwa ekubeni thina njengabantu asizikisi ukucinga ngezolimo. Andizange ndakha ndacinga ngazo zonke izinto endizive namhlanje. Ngoku ndiyazi ukuba iimveliso ezifana nee-cornflakes asisuki zibekho lula njengoko besicinga. Lifikile ixesha lokuba indalo siyijonge ngamehlo ahlukileyo, ngendlela enika ithemba. Phambili ngomsebenzi wenu omhle.
<fn>PulaImvula. SclerotiniaOpot.2009-04.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: Iziseko zezityalo ezibunileyo ezibonisa amabakala ahluka-hlukileyo okuphuhla kwe-canker (isifo esibolisayo) kunye nokubola. Qaphela i-sclerotia esimnyama ne-mycelium emhlophe. Isikhondo esinempilo entle singasekhohlo.
Photo 2: I-mycelium emhlophe (umngundo) esisekweni sesityalo esibunileyo.
Photo 3: I-Sclerotia phakathi kumongo kwisiseko sesityalo esibunileyo.
Photo 4: Ukubola kwesikhondo oluphakathi.
Photo 5: Ukubola entloko - le miqondiso yenzeka phambi kokutshabalala kwentloko.
Kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela nzulu esinye sezifo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezichaphazela oojongilanga - izifo ze-Sclerotinia.
Izifo ezithathu, ukubuna kwe-Sclerotinia, ukubola kwesikhondo esiphakathi kunye nokubola kwentloko, zibonakele emasimini. Ukubuna kwe-Sclerotinia kubangwa ziintwana zentsholongwane yomngundo eziqulathwa ngumhlaba, nezisulela iingcambu zikajongilanga. Ukubuna kwahlukile kwezinye izifo ezi zibini kuba kuqala kwiingcambu. Ukubola kwentloko ngenxa ye-Sclerotinia nokubola kwesikhondo esiphakathi kubangwa zii-spore eziqulathwa ngumoya. Zizifo ezingaphezu komhlaba eziphuhla ngendlela efana naleyo yezinye izifo. Zontathu ezi zifo zibanga lusulelo olufanayo, i-Sclerotinia sclerotiorum intsholongwane yomngundo eyonaklisa gqitha, ekholisa ngokubizwa ngokuthi yintsholongwane "yomngundo omhlophe". Le ikwayintsholongwane yomngundo ebanga umngundo omhlophe wembotyi yesoya, imbotyi eyomileyo, i-canola nezinye izityalo ezinokuchaphazeleka.
Ukubuna kwe-Sclerotinia kwenzeka nanini xa oojongilanga betyalwe emhlabeni onohlaselo lwe- Sclerotinia kwaye oko kungabanga ilahleko enobuzaza kwisivuno. Amasimi ephelele asuka atshatyalaliswe lolu sulelo. Ilahleko yesivuno ixhomekeke kwiqela lezityalo ezinosulelo nokuba bezilufumene nini usulelo; ngokuya libaphezulu inani lezityalo ezinosulelo nokuqalisa kosulelo kwangoko, iya ngokwanda ilahleko yesivuno. Ngokwamanani aqhelekileyo, isityalo esinosulelo sikhupha isivuno esingaphantsi kwi-50% yesityalo esinempilo. Ngaphezu koko, isiqulathu seoyile yembewu siyancipha kwizityalo ezinosulelo. Ngendlela ebaluleke ngokulinganayo, nangona kunjalo, usulelo lukhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu e- Sclerotinia emhlabeni. Oku kunokubanga ukususwa kwamasimi kwimveliso kajongilanga nenzuzo kwezoqoqosho kwiminyaka emininzi. I- Sclerotinia ngoko ke asinciphisi isivuno kuphela, kodwa sichaphazela imveliso yexesha elizayo nenzuzo yezoqoqosho ezifumaneka kujongilanga.
Ukubola kwentloko nokubola kwesikhondo esiphakathi kwenzeka ngokunqaphazeka kwaye kuphela emva kwamathuba kwemvula ebizingisile. Ezi zifo azifane zibekho kwiminyaka yembalela. Ukubola kwentloko kunciphisa ubunzima bembewu, amanani embewu kunye nesiqulatho esinciphileyo seoyile. Ubukho be-sclerotia kwimbewu bunako ukunciphisa udidi nexabiso lentengiso lesityalo. Iintloko ezinosulelo zikholisa ukucumka entsimini, ukuze oko kuwise yonke imbewu emhlabeni. Ngaphaya koko, xa umatshini wokuvuna uthe wabetha izityalo ezineentloko ezinosulelo, iintloko ziyatyumka ukuze imbewu ilahleke phambi kokungena kumatshini wokuvuna. Ukubola kwentloko yingxaki yohlobo olulodwa kumasimi emveliso yembewu kuba imbewu eveliswe kwiintloko ezinosulelo zisenokuba nokuntshula okucuthekileyo kanti ne-sclerotia esiveliswe kwiintloko ezinosulelo singcolisa amanani embewu, sichaphazele imisebenzi yokucoca neziqinisekiso. Akukho tyhefu eveliswa yi- Sclerotinia kwimbewu kajongilanga, kodwa ungcoliseko olukhulu nge-sclerotia alwamkelekanga ekusetyenzisweni ngabantu nazizilwanyana. Esinye isiphumo esibalulekilyo sezi zifo zibini kukuba ziziindlela ezimbini ezisentloko zokusasazeka kwentsholongwane yomngundo emasimini acocekileyo kajongilanga. Oku kwenzeka xa i-sclerotia esivela kwizikhondo ezinesifo neentloko zihlanganiselwe emhlabeni. Ezi sclerotia zinako ukubanga ukubuna kwiminyaka elandelayo.
Eyona miqondiso eqheleke kakhulu kukubuna kwamagqabi ngesiquphe, ukubola kweengcambu nesifo se-canker sesikhondo esisesisekweni. Ngokubanzi, ukubuna kuqala kuqatshelwe emasimini nje phambi kokudubula kweentyatyambo, kodwa izityalo ezinosulelo zinokuqatshelwa kwibakala lezithole. Ekuqaleni, izityalo ezibunileyo zisasazeka entsimini, kodwa emva kwethuba zifumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo kuthotho oluphakathi kwemiqolo. Esi sifo sikholisa ukuvela ngokwezibhaxu entsimini. Ngenxa yokuba izityalo zinako ukubuna kwiiveki eziliqela ukusuka kwixesha losulelo, lokuqalisa kwemiqondiso evela ngokukhawuleza entsimini.
Kusuka kuphuhle umsikeko ozele ngamanzi kwisiseko sesityalo. Umsikeko uba luhlaza okungwevu ukuya kwisifo se-canker entsundu ekholisa ukuba libhanti isikhondo. Xa kuya ngokuqhuba ukubola isikhondo siyaphatsha side sibonakale siphuqeka. Indawo ebolileyo inako ukoluleka ngokobude bama-30cm nangaphezulu ukunyuka ngesikhondo. Umongo ubola esisekweni sesikhondo kwaye kubakho amasuntswana alukhuni, amnyama azinzayo abizwa ngokuba yi-sclerotia (malunga ne-1/8 to 1/4 inch ngokwe-diameter). I-sclerotia ziveliswa lusulelo kwaye inika ubungqina bobukho besifo. Izityalo ezinosulelo ziminxeka lula. Ngethuba leemvula ezizingisayo, i-mycelium (umngundo) ikholisa ukuphuhla kwisiseko sesikhondo, yiloo nto kukho igama elithi "umngundo omhlophe."
Ukubola kweengcambu zasemacaleni nakwingcambu eya ezantsi kuba yinto ecacileyo, qho xa isityalo sitsaleka lula xa sikhutshwa phantsi komhlaba. Uqweqwe olungaphandle lweengcambu (i-cortex) ikhawuleza ixobuke, ishiye izicwili ezomileyo zemithambo. Iingcambu zikholisa ukuzingis ngokubola okumanzi. I-sclerotia sinokufumaneka kwiingcambu ezinkulu, ezasemacaleni nakwingcambu ekhula iye ezantsi.
Izityalo ezinosulelo ziyafa ekugqibeleni. Isityalo sinako okanye sisenokungakwazi kuvelisa imbewu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni usulelo lwenzeke nini. Iintloko zezityalo ezibunileyo xa kuthethwa gabalala zincinci kwezo zinempilo entle. Ukubuna kunako ukunciphisa isivuno sembewu, kakhulu ngenxa yamanqanaba obunzima obuphantsi bembewu. Izityalo ezibunileyo kumabakala aselehambele phambili okubola kweengcambu zikholisa ukuphephetheka ngamathuba emimoya evuthuza ngamandla.
Ukubola kwesikhondo esiphakathi sikholisa ukubonakala kwithuba lokudubula kweentyatyambo okanye emva kwalo kwindawo ephakathi ukunyuka kancinci kwisikhondo. Kuqala njengomsikeko ontsundu ukuya kongwevu, ubukhulu becala kufutshane okanye kwihlumela legqabi. Isifo se-canker siphuhla singqonge isikhondo kwaye isicwili esibolileyo sikholisa ukuba nozingiso olumanzi kumongo. Ngokubanzi isikhondo siyawa kwixesha lokubola ukuze izicwili ezingasentla kwendawo enesifo se-canker zife. Kukholisa ukuba i-mycelium emhlophe exineneyo kunye ne-sclerotia esithile siphuhle ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesikhondo, ngakumbi ngethuba lemozulu yemvula ezingisileyo. Ekugqibeleni izicwili ezichaphazelekayo ziyaphatsha zide zibe nembonakalo yokuphuqeka. Ukubola kwesikhondo kunokuqhuba kuye ezantsi kwisiseko sesikhondo okanye kuye phezulu entloko. Maxa wambi igqabi liya kusuleleka si-Sclerotinia kwaye intsholongwane iya kubolisa kwigqabi lenyatyambo ekugqibeleni kufika kwisikhondo ukuze kubole isikhondo esiphakathi.
Imiqondiso yokuqala yokubola kwentloko ikholisa ukubonakala ngokuvela kwe-mycelium yentsholongwane yomngundo emhlophe phezu kwenxalenye zeentyatyambo okanye ukuphuhla kwamabala azele amanzi kwisisekelo seentyatyambo (indawo ethambileyo entloko). Intsholongwane yomngundo ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwisisekelo seentyatyambo, iyasibolisa, ize ivelise i-mycelium emhlophe kunye ne-sclerotia ezininzi ezinkulu ezimnyama. Isisekelo seentyatyamo sikholisa ukuphatsha kwaye sibonakala ngokucacileyo xa sithelekiswa nentloko enempilo entle. Isisekelo seentyatyambo siphelele sinokubola ukuze umaleko wembewu uwe, kushiyeke isakhelo esiphatshileyo nesiphuqekayo, esineenyanda zemijelwana, eqeleleniswe zi-sclerotia ezinkulu. Ezi ntloko eziphatshileyo zesakhelo zicaca gca entsimini, naxa umi kude. Xa zivuniwe, iintloko ezinosulelo zikholisa ukutyumka nje kuze kulahleke yonke imbewu eseleyo. Ngethuba lemozulu esoloko imanzi intsholongwane yomngundo ikhula phezu kwembewu ize yenze i-sclerotia esikhulu esisabunethi, esisuka sigqume umphambili wentloko. Imbewu ikholisa ukungabi nakubola kodwa isenokungahlohleki. I-sclerotia esikhulu kwiintloko sivunwa kunye nembewu. I-sclerotia esixube nembewu sinika ubungqina bokuba intsimi iye yaba nokubola kweentloko. Ukubola kweentloko yingxaki enobuzaza kwiintsimi ezivelisa imbewu. Ngaphezu kokuncipha kwemveliso yembewu, iindawo ezingaphandle zembewu enininzi zisenokuhlaselwa yintsholongwane yomngundo we-Sclerotinia ukuze kunciphe ukuntshula.
I-sclerotinia sclerotiorum sinoluhlu olubanzi ngokubalaseleyo sabamkeli ; ihlasela malunga neentlobo ezingama-370 zezityalo. Esi sifo siqatshelwe kujongilanga, kwiimbotyi ezomileyo, imbotyi yesoya ne-canola; naxa kunjalo, kukho ezinye izityalo ezininzi ezinokuhlaseleka, ezifana ne-buckwheat, i-borage, i-flax, ii-lentils, iiertyisi, iitapile, i-mustard, i-crambe, iJerusalem artichoke ne-safflower. Asizizo zonke kwezi zityalo ezinokuhlaseleka si-Sclerotinia njengoko ujongilanga nezinye zingafane zonakale.
I- Sclerotinia kumaxesha asebusika njenge-sclerotia emhlabeni okanye ubutyobo besityalo. Ehlotyeni xa iingcambu ezikhulayo zikajongilanga zichukumisa i-sclerotia, i-sclerotia siyantshula size sisulele iingcambu. Intsholongwane yomngundo ikhula inyuke ngengcambu iye kwingcambu eya ezantsi, ukuze iye kwisikhondo size isityalo sigqibele ngokufa. Kwakhona sikhula siye ezantsi kwiingcambu eziya emacaleni, ukuze ekugqibeleni ibolise sonke isixokelelwano seengcambu. Ngenxa yokuba kukho ukudibana phakathi kweengcambu zezityalo ezikufutshane phakathi kwemiqolo, intsholongwane yomngundo inako ukukhula kwisixokelelwano esinye seengcambu ukuya kwesinye kumqolo othile, ukuze kubekho uthotho lwezityalo ezibunayo. Izityalo zinako ukubuna kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine emva kosulelo. Ixesha ukusuka kwimiqondiso yokuqala yokubuna ukuya ekubuneni okupheleleyo kungathatha iintsuku ezine ukuya kwezine. Ukuphuhla okukhawulezileyo kokubuna kusisizathu esinye kwezinye esenza ukuba intsimi enempilo entle ngokucacileyo isuka itshatyalaliswe sisifo kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa.
Ujongilanga nguye kuphela isityalo sasentsimini esithi i-sclerotina sisoloko sisulela ngokusebenzisa iingcambu. Ezinye izityalo ezinokuhlaseleka zisuleleka ubukhulu becala ngee-ascospore kwiinxalenye ezingaphezu komhlaba zesityalo. Lo ngumahluko omkhulu phakathi kukajongilanga nezinye izityalo.
Ngokuya ikhula intsholongwane ngaphakathi naphezu kwezicwili, kwenzeka i-sclerotia; inkoliso yazo kumongo wesikhondo esibolileyo nakwiingcambu njengoko kusifa isityalo. I-sclerotia esingama-25 ukuya kwezingama-100 zisenokuveliswa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphezulu kwisityalo esinosulelo. Ezi sclerotia ke ngoko zibuyela emhlabeni ngethuba lemisebenzi yokuhlakula ukuze zibe yimithombo yosulelo lwesityalo esilandelayo esinokuhlaseleka. Ii-sclerotia ziphila ixesha elide emhlabeni ukuze amasimi ahlale ehlaseleka kwiminyaka emininzi. Umbuzo obuzwa ngabalimi abaninzi ngulo, i-sclerotia siya kuphila ithuba elingakanani entsimini Ngelishwa kunzima ukuphendula lo mbuzo kuba intsimi nganye ineeseti ezahluka-hlukeneyo zemibandela echaphazela ukusinda, efana nohlobo lomhlaba, ukufuma komhlaba kunye nembali yokulima izityalo. Le mibandela ichaphazela iintwana ezincinanana ezininzi emhlabeni ezitshabalalisa i-sclerotia. Ukusinda kananjalo kuxhomekeke ekushinyaneni komhlaseli (inani lee-sclerotia emhlabeni). Ngokuya kuphakama ukushinyana komhlaseli ithuba lokuphila kwe-Sclerotinia liya ngokwanda. Intsimi ehlaselwe kakhulu iya kufuna iminyaka emininzi kwizityalo ezingezo zisulu ukunciphisa ukushinyana komhlaseli ukuya kwinqanaba elisezantsi?
Oojongilanga banesixokelelwano seengcambu zasemacaleni ezicukene kumaleko ekuhlakulwa kuwo. Oku kuphumeza kanobom ukudibana kwee-sclerotia. Isixokelelwano seengcambu asiphuhli ngokupheleleyo de kudubule iintyatyambo, ngoko ke kukho ukudibana okukokona kuphezulu kweengcambu phakathi kwezityalo ukuze kuphunyezwe ukusasazeka kosulelo ukusuka kwisityalo-ukuya-kwesinye. Kwakhona, ukukhula kokuguga kuqalisa emva kokudubula kweentyatyambo kanti iingcambu zizizisulu ngakumbi zentsholongwane. Ezi zizizathu eziphambili ezenza ukuba inkoliso yezityalo ezibunileyo zibonwe emva kokuqalisa kokudubula kweentyatyambo.
Kumasimi anohlaselo izityalo zokuqala ezibunayo ziya kuvela ubukhulu becala kwiintsuku ezingama-40 ukuya kwezingama-50 emva kokutyalwa, kodwa inkoliso yezityalo iya kubuna emva kokudubula kweeentyatyambo. Ezinye ziya kubuna nje phambi kokuba zome.
Indlela zolawulo ezibaluleke kakhulu malunga nezifo zikajongilanga ze-Sclerotinia kukungatyali emhlabeni ohlaselweyo nokuthintela ukukhula kwe-sclerotia emhlabeni. Uthintelo lokukhula lwenziwa ngokulandela ngoqwalaselo amasimi ukuze kufunyaniswe isiganeko sesifo nangokwenza ujikeleziso lwezityalo. Khumbula, intsimi ehlaselwe ngamandla isenokungakwazi ukuvelisa oojongilanga kwiminyaka emininzi. Ngenxa yokuba ukwenzeka kokubola kwesikhondo esiphakathi kunye nokubola kwentloko kulapha naphaya, ulawulo lwesifo lukholisa ukujoliswa ekulawuleni ukubuna. Kwixesha langoku ukumelana kwezityalo nolawulo asiyondlela yolawulo esentloko. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iiyantlukwano malunga nokuba zizisulu kwemihlanganisela kwi-Sclerotina. Kwakhona, akukho michiza ibhaliselwe ukulawula ukubuna okanye iintlobo zosulelo lwe-ascospore zikajongilanga.
<fn>PulaImvula. Seeds(maize).2011-04-07.xh.txt</fn>
Ixesha lokuvuna lisondele kwaye kusekho iqela lamasimi elizele lukhula. Njengoko sixoxile ngalo mba kwithuba langaphambili, ukhula lulutshaba lomlimi wezityalo.
Omnye wemiba ebaluleke kakhulu ngemveliso eziinkozo kukutshabalalisa ukhula. Ubukho bokhula phakathi kwezityalo kuyingozi ngeendllela ezininzi, ngakumbi malunga neelahleko zesityalo nongcoliseko lwembewu. Ngenxa yonqongophalo lokutya okutyekayo okuziinkozo ehlabathini, asinako ukuyekelela ide imbewu yokhula yonakalise ukutya okuziinkozo. Imbewu yokhula yeKhaki ayinakuvunyelwa emboneni njengoko ishiya ivumba elingamkelekanga ebantwini nasezilwanyaneni. Ngokwemithetho emiselweyo yokuphucuka nokucoceka kwesityalo, kukho imbewu engavumelekanga kwaphela emboneni. Ngokwale mithetho emiselweyo, umzekelo, akufuneki nembewu enye ye- olieboom (i-datura) kumthwalo wombona. I-Datura iyityhefu enkulu ebantwni kwaye ziliqela iziganeko zokutyhefeka eziyingxelo egciniweyo.
Esinye sezifundo ezibaluleke kakhulu esifanele ukufundwa malunga nolawulo lokhula kukutshabalalisa oonobangela bongcoliseko. Umbona awungcoliseki njengesipho solawulo olulungileyo nolunganqunyanyiswayo lwesityalo sombona kodwa kungenxa yamalinge abhaqeka ngelo xesha okutshatyalaliswa kokhula.
Ukuba ukutshabalalisa ukhula lisaqala ixesha lonyaka bekunganelanga, ukhula malususwe ngezandla okanye ngoomatshini entsimini phambi kokuvuna.
Xa kususwe izixa ezikhulu zokhula emva kokuba sezimilisele imbewu, kucetyiswa ukuba mazitshiswe ukuze kuthintelwe ukuntshula kwazo kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
Khumbula ukuba isityalo esilungileyo sithetha ukuba makubekho imbewu eninzi - imbewu eninzi ecocekileyo!
<fn>PulaImvula. Shortcuts(maize).2011-07-07.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: Isixhobo esingalimiyo esisetyenziswayo sokutyala imiqolo emibini ngexesha. Qaphela umhlaba ongalinywanga.
Photo 2: Ukuseka umaleko wentsalela yezityalo kumphezulu womhlaba ngumba obalulekileyo kwezoLimo ngoLondolozo (CA). UTheo Msimanga, umlimi waseDiekeng eMpumalanga uhlola iplothi ekuqhutywa kuyo uvavanyo phambi kokutyala. Qaphela indawo engenalukhula kunye nentsalela yesityalo kumphezulu.
Photo 3: Umzekelo wesixhobo esidala sokutyala esijikiweyo ukuze sityale ngaphandle kokulima.
Photo 4: UJohannes Simelane wenza umsebenzi wokufama kwisithili saseBalfour eMpumalanga kwaye ulima iihektare ezingama-300 zombona. Selesenza iimvavanyo ezizezakhe ngemiba ethile yezoLimo ngoLondolozo (CA).
Grabber 1: EzoLimo ngoLondolozo zijoliswe ekugcineni umlimi emasimini.
Grabber 2: EzoLimo ngoLondolozo (CA) yinkqubo efuna inqanaba eliphezulu lolawulo kanti ukuguqukela kwenye inkqubo entsha yokulima, ngokuqinisekileyo, akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwamagingxi-gingxi.
Ezolimo ngolondolozo (Conservation agriculture - CA) ngumba omtsha kubalimi abaninzi bezityalo eziziinkozo eMzantsi Afrika. Funda kweli nqaku okuthethwa ngabalimi abasaphuhlayo ngezolimo ngolondolozo nangemigaqo efanele ukulandelwa ngabalimi ukuze bagcine umkhondo wale ndlela intsha yokulinywa kwezityalo.
Kuphathelene nantoni ukulima ngolondolozo (i-CA)?
Yinto eyaziwa cacileyo into yokuba uninzi lwabalimi lusebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokulungisa umhlaba kwaye ikhuba elinenkcenkce lisesisixhobo esisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiifama. Kwiziganeko ezininzi abalimi batyala umbona njengesityalo esihamba sodwa ngaphandle kokuwubandakanya kujikeleziso lwezityalo ezifana neembotyi okanye ujongilanga. Ukusetyenziswa kwekhuba lenkcenkce kwiminyaka emininzi kubonwa namhlanje njengonobangela omkhulu wokwetha komgangatho womhlaba.
Ukuhla kwamanani ezidalwa ezincinanana eziluncedo emhlabeni.
I-CA yinkqubo ephuhliselwe ukukhusela umhlaba, ukuphucula umgangatho wemihlaba nokubuyisela umhlaba kwisimo sawo sentsusa sokuchuma nesempilo entle. Kwakhona kwi-CA umlimi usebenzisa ixabiso lezityalo ezahluka-hlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo yokujikelezisa izityalo nombona. Xa umlimi elima izityalo ezithe chatha ngobuninzi oko kunceda ekucutheni iimeko eziyimingcipheko. Khumbula intetho ethi "ungabokusigcina kwisisele esinye isivuno sakho".
Wonke ubani makaqonde ukuba ezoLimo ngoLondolozo zithetha ukungawuphethuli umhlaba okanye ukulima ngenjongo yolondolozo kuphela.
Umhlaba mawuphazanyiswe kancinci kangangoko. Oku kuthetha ukuba mawungalinywa kwaye ungakrazulwa ukuze ukutyala kwenziwe ngesixhobo sokutyala kuba sona sikwazi ukutyala ngqo emhlabeni ongaphazanyiswanga.
Intsalela yezityalo ihlala iphezu komhlaba. Ngale ndlela intsalela yezityalo inceda ekugqumeni umhlaba kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ukujikelezisa izityalo, kubandakanywa izityalo ezifana neembotyi nee-ertyisi, ziyinxenye yenkqubo yokulima.
Bathini abalimi malunga nezoLimo ngoLondolozo (CA)?
Kuphengululo olwenziwe phakathi kwamaqela amathathu abalimi abasaphuhlayo eMpumalanga, eLimpopo nakwiphondo laseMntla-ntshona abalimi bebenethemba ngoncedo lezolimo ngolondolozo kodwa neentsilelo zezoLimo ngoLondolozo ziye zabacacela nazo ngokwendlela abayibona ngayo le nkqubo.
UkuLima ngoLondolozo kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukhukuliseko lomhlaba.
UkuLima ngoLondolozo kunokunceda ekucutheni iindleko zoomatshini.
Ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula kunokufaka igalelo ekucutheni ixesha neendleko zabasebenzi.
Ubukho bemihlanganiselwa eLungele ukuJikeleziswa bunokwenza kube lula ngakumbi ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula.
Ukuqukwa kwezityalo eziziinkozo zemidumba ezifana nee-ertyisi okanye iimbotyi zesoya kunokunceda ekuphuculeni ukuchuma komhlaba.
Ukungabikho kwemali yokuqalisa ngale nkqubo, umzekelo, ukuthenga isixhobo sokutyala esingawulimiyo umhlaba endaweni yesixhobo esiqhelekileyo, kuseyingxaki enkulu kubalimi abaninzi. Ixabiso langoku lezixhobo zokutyala imiqolo emibini ezingalimiyo liphakathi kwama-R50 000 nama-R80 000 ngesixhobo esinye.
Abalimi abaninzi baxhomekeka kwiintsalela zezityalo ukuba zisetyenziswe yimfuyo kanti namadiza ombona asisondlo esixabiseke ngakumbi. Kwakhona abalimi bebexhalela ukufumaneka kwesigqumathelo somhlaba esifanelekileyo ngakumbi kumaxesha onyaka abaleleyo xa izivuno ziphantsi.
Abalimi baxele ngokucacileyo ukuba abanakukwazi ukuba sesichengeni sokuhla kwezivuno zezityalo ngenxa yempumezo yenkqubo entsha yokukhupha imveliso. Zisenokuba khona iilahleko kwithuba elifutshane, nto leyo eya kutyhafisa abalimi ekulandeleni inkqubo yezolimo ngolondolozo.
Bangayinikwa njani inkxaso abalimi abafuna ukulandela ezoLimo ngoLondolozo (CA)?
Ngenxa yayo yonke imingcipheko abanokudibana nayo abalimi kufuneka baqinisekiswe ngenkqubo entsha ukuba inako ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo. Iimvavanyo ezikwiifama ezikufutshane ezenziwa nabalimi ziya kunika umoya "wegumbi lokufundela" ukuze abalimi bakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nezoLimo ngoLondolozo bakwazi nokuzithelekisa nenkqubo yesiqhelo.
Abalimi mabakhuthazwe ukuguqula izixhobo zabo zokusebenza abanazo ezifana nezixhobo zokutyala ukuba zibe zeziwulima kancinane umhlaba okanye zingawulimi kwaphela. Umzekelo, eBrazil, uninzi lwabalimi asebephambili kule nkqubo babengenazo iintsiba zokuthenga oomatshini abaphucukileyo. Njengesiphumo soko baqalisa ngokujika izixhobo zokutyala zesiqhelo zaba zizixhobo zokutyala ezingawulimiyo umhlaba. Esi saba sisiqalo "Senguquko Yokulima Okungekhoyo" seminyaka yee-1970 kwelo lizwe.
Kuninzi ekufuneka kwenziwe ukuze kuvaleke isithuba esikhoyo phakathi kwabalimi abasaphuhlayo kunye namashishini ezolimo agqalisele kwezoLimo ngoLondolozo.
Nangona abalimi bebonise ukuba izityalo eziyimidumba zinako ukuphucula iinkqubo zabo zokulima izityalo, basasilela ekwandiseni ukulinywa kwemidumba. Oku kwenziwa lufikelelo olungephi kubaboneleli ngembewu kanti malunga nee-ertyisi kusuka kungabikho mmandla wentengiso uthembekileyo wazo. Eyona ndlela iphucukileyo yokunika abalimi inkxaso ukuze baxhamle ngokupheleleyo kwixabiso lezityalo eziyimidumba kujikeleziso lwezityalo kukuphucula inkqubo yobonelelo lwembewu nokudala amathuba aphucukileyo ommandla wentengiso wabalimi.
Abalimi mabakhuthazwe ukutyala izityalo zefula emasimini ahlukileyo. Amazimba aswiti ohlobo lwefula alinywe ehlotyeni okanye iradishi yamaJapani nehabile (i-oats) ezilinyelwe ukutyisa ebusika zinako ukunceda kakhulu ekunikeni ifula enokugcinwa. Ngale ndlela abalimi baya kukwazi ukugcina umhlaba ugqumekile njengoko beya kuba bengaxhomekekanga kangako kwintsalela yezityalo njengomthombo wefula.
Khumbula ukuba iziseko zokulima izityalo mazisoloko zisenziwa ngokuchanekileyo ngawo onke amaxesha. Phambi kwalo naliphi ilinge lokuguqukela kwinkqubo yezoLimo ngoLondolozo, abalimi mabaqinisekise ukuba baya kuqhekeza umhlaba olukhuni ongaphantsi onokuba khona kwaye batshabalalise nayiphi ingxaki yokuhlaselwa lukhula enokuba khona enjengeentlobo ezithile zengca. Mabenze ilinge lokufuna amacebiso kubalimi abanamava nesixokelelwano sezoLimo ngoLondolozo. Okokugqibela, umlimi makazidibanise nabo bazimiseleyo ukunika inkxaso kubalimi nababona ezoLimo ngoLondolozo njengenkqubo enokukhethwa. Ngale ndlela uya kufumanisa ukuba ezoLimo ngoLondolozo zisentloko kwikamva eliphucukileyo lomsebenzi wokufama.
<fn>PulaImvula. Soybean(opot).2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
Iimbotyi zesoya - isityalo esingummangaliso zikwakukutya okungummangaliso!
Kuninzi okuthethwayo ngeembotyi zesoya nexabiso lazo ekujikelezisweni kwezityalo nombona. Njengezinye izityalo ekukudala zilinywa emakhaya, ubudlelwana beembotyi zesoya zanamhla nezinye iintlobo ezizikhulela endle abunakuba salandwa nangeliphi inqanaba lokuqiniseka.
NjengeNkqubo yaseGrain SA yoPhuhliso lwamaFama, sinethemba lokuqalisa ngenkqubo eza kusidibanisa ne-Trust yoPhuhliso lwe-Oyile neMbewu yeProtheyini (Oil and Protein Seeds Development Trust) ukuze kukhuthazwe abalimi abasaphuhlayo ukulima iimbotyi zesoya - njengesityalo sokurhweba nanjengomthombo weli lizwe wodidi oluphucukileyo lweprotheyini.
Isoya iyahluka ngokukhula nangomkhwa. Ukuphakama kwesityalo kwahluka ukusuka ngaphantsi kuma-20 cm ukuya kwiimitha ezi-2. Imidumba, izikhondo namagqabi igqunywe buboya obuyephu-yephu obuntsundu okanye obungwevu. Amagqabi anamahlumela amathathu ukuya kwamane ngegqabi ngalinye, kanti amahlumela lawo anobude beesentimitha ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-15 nobubanzi beesentimitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezisi-7. Amagqabi awa phambi kokuba imbewu ivuthwe. Iintyatyambo ezingacaciyo, eziqhamileyo ziphuma emgceni osembindini wegqabi kwaye zimhlophe, zipinki okanye zimfusa (purple). Isiqhamo ngumdumba onoboya okhula ngokwemicukaniso emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5, umdumba ngamnye unobyde beesentimitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezisi-8 ubude kwaye ukholisa ukuqulatha imbewu enobubanzi beemilimitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-11.
Iimbotyi zesoya ziyashiya-shiyana ngobukhulu nangemibala yamaxolo, kubandakanywa umbala omnyama, ontsundu, oblowu, otyheli, oluhlaza nomfaka-mfaka. Ixolo lembotyi evuthiweyo lilukhuni, alingeni manzi kwaye likhusela iceba lokhozo kunye nengxam yalo ekonakalisweni. Xa liqhekekile ixolo, imbewu ayikwazi kuntshula.
Xa zidibene, isiqulatho se-oyile neseprotheyini zimalunga nama-60% zobunzima beembotyi zesoya ezomileyo, iprotheyini ngama-40% ize i-oyile ibe ngama-20%. Intsalela yama-35% sisitatshi ukuze i-5% ibe ngumgubo. Imihlanganiselwa yeembotyi zesoya zimalunga nesi-8% zexolo lembewu, ama-90% amacala okhozo nesi-2% sengxam yokhozo.
Abantu kufuneka bazipheke iimbotyi zesoya ngomphunga ukuze batshabalalise izithinteli ze-trypsin (ii-serine protease inhibitors). Iimbotyi zesoya ezikrwada, kubandakanywa nohlobo olusekrwada, alukulungelanga ukutyiwa ngabantu, ziihagu, ziinkuku, enyanisweni nazo zonke izilwanyana ezinesisu esinye.
Iimbotyi zesoya zibonwa ngabathengisi abaninzi njengemithombo yeprotheyini epheleleyo. Iprotheyini epheleleyo yileyo equlethe izixa ezibalulekileyo zee-amino asidi ezibalulekileyo ngokuphelela kwazo ekufuneka zifunyenwe ngumzimba womntu ngenxa yokuba umzimba womntu ungakwazi wona ukuzenzela ezi-amino-asidi ngokwawo. Ngenxa yoko, iimbotyi zesoya zingumthombo olungileyo weprotheyini, phakathi kweentlobo ezininzi zokutya, ngakumbi ukwenzela abantu abangayityiyo inyama okanye abantu abafuna ukucutha isixa senyama abayityayo.
Iprotheyini yesoya ibaluleke ngokufanayo naleyo yenye imbewu yomdumba. Ngaphaya koko, iimbotyi zesoya zinokuvelisa iprotheyini ephinda-phindwe kabini ngehektare nganye kunaso nasiphi isityalo esingumfuno okanye esiziinkozo esixhaphakileyo. Ngehektare nganye iprotheyini le ingaphezulu ngokuphinda-phindwe kahlanu kunentsimi ebekelwe ukutyisa izilwanyana ezisengwayo ukuze iprotheyini ngehektare nganye iphinda-phindwe kali-15 kunentsimi egcinelwe ukuvelisa inyama. Ukusetyenziswa kwesoya kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza kwithumbu elikhulu.
Iimbotyi zesoya zisisityalo esibalulekileyo jikelele, esinika i-oyile neprotheyini. kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo, inkitha yesi sityalo ihluzwa kwisinyibilikisi nge-hexane, ukuze umgubo wesoya ongenamafutha "oqhotsiweyo" (ama-50% eprotheyini) anike isakhono sokukhulisa izilwanyana efama (umz. iinkuku, iinkabi zehagu neekarakuni) ngokomlinganiselo weshishini ongazange waziwe ezimbalini. Intwana nje encinci yesityalo ityiwa ngabantu. Iimveliso zesoya phofu, zifumaneka kwiintlobo eziliqela zokutya okucoliweyo.
NgeMfazwe yeHlabathi II iimbotyi zesoya ziye zabaluleka eMelika eseMantla naseYurophu njengohlobo lokutya kweprotheyini olungena endaweni yezinye iintlobo zokutya eziyiprotheyini kwaye zingumthombo we-oyile etyiwayo. Iimbotyi zesoya zifunyaniswe njengesichumiso ngeMfazwe yeHlabathi II liSebe lezoLimo leZizwe eziManyeneyo.
Ukuzilima kuyimpumelelo phantsi kweemozlu ezishushu ehlotyeni, kwaye ikhula kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu bama-20 ukuya kuma-30 Â°C; ubushushu obungaphantsi kuma-20 Â°C okanye obungaphezu kuma-40 Â°C kudodobalisa ukukhula kwazo kakhulu. Ziyakwazi ukukhula kwintlobo ngeentlobo zemihlaba, kodwa zikhula kakhulu kwimihlaba efumileyo yesanti ekhukulisiweyo nenesiqulatho esilungileyo sezinto ezivela kweziphilayo. Iimbotyi zesoya, njengezityalo ezininzi zemidumba, zenza izixhaso ze-nitrogen ngokuseka ubudlelwane bokuphilisana nentsholongwane ye-Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Nangona kunjalo, intwana echanekileyo yoluchwe lwentsholongwane yebhaktiriya mayihlanganiswe nembewu yembotyi yesoya (okanye nawuphi umdumba) phambi kokuba ityalwe. Imihlanganisela yanamhla yezityalo ngokubanzi ifikelela ekuphakameni okumalunga nemitha enye kwaye ithatha iintsuku ezingama-80 ukuya kwezili-120 ukukhula ukusuka ngexesha lokuhlwayela ukuya kwelokuvuna.
Iimbotyi zesoya zezendalo yaseAsiya eseMpuma kodwa yimveliso yazo yama-45% kuphela elapho. Amanye ama-55% emveliso yaso akwiiMelika. I-U.S. ivelise izigidi zeetoni zembotyi zesoya ezingama-75 ngowama-2000, kanti ngaphezu kwenxalenye enye kwezintathu iye yathunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle. Abanye abalimi bazo abaphambili yi-Brazil, iArgentina, iParaguay, iChina ne-India. Izityalo zeembotyi zesoya zisuleleka lula zizifo zeentsholongwane zebhaktiriya, izifo zentsholongwane yevayirasi nazizidleleleli.
Iimbotyi zesoya bezisisityalo esibalulekileyo kwi-Asiya eseMpuma kudala phambi kokuba kubhalwe iingxelo. Zisesisityalo esiphuma phambili eChina, eJapan naseKorea. Phambi kweemveliso zayo ezibilisiweyo ezinjengeSoy sosi, i-tempeh, i-natto ne-miso, isoya yayibonwa njengesityalo esingcwele kwaye ukujikeleziswa kwayo nezinye izityalo ibe sisivuseleli se-nitrogen. Izityalo bezilinywa ngaphantsi ukuze kukhutshwe izityalo ezikukutya. Iimbotyi zesoya zifike okokuqala eYurophu kwinkulungwane yeminyaka eli-18 isaqala kanti zazikwiZizwe eziManyeneyo kwangowe-1765, apho zaqala zalinywa njengefula. Azikhange zibaluleke kangako e-Asiya kwada kwangowe-1910. EMelika, isoya ibibonwa njengemveliso yoshishino kuphela kodwa ingasetyenziselwa ukutya kwada kwaba yiminyaka yowee-1920. Isoya ifike e-Afrika ivela eChina kwiNkulungwane ye-19 kanti ngoku iligqibe lonke eli lizwekazi.
Umnyanya wasendle wembotyi yesoya yi-Glycine soja (eyayisakwaziwa ngokuba yi-G. ussuriensis), isityalo esingumdumba sasembindini waseChina. Imbotyi yesoya isetyenziswe eChina kwiminyaka engama-5 000 njengokutya nanjengenxalenye yeziyobisi. Nangona kunjalo, isoya idume ngesakhiwo seengcambu zayo njengendlela yokujikeleziwa kwezityalo. Ukulinywa kweembotyi zesoya kwakusekukudala kusenziwa eChina, kwaza kwanabela kwamanye amazwe.
Abantu abaninzi bathi iimbotyi zesoya e-Asiya ngokwasembalini zazisetyenziswa kuphela emva kwenkqubo yokuzibilisa, nto leyo ethoba isiqulatho esiphezulu see-phytoestrogen esifunyanwa kwisityalo esingaphekwanga. Nangona kunjalo, amagama ayelele "elubisini lwesoya" okoko ayesetyenziswa ukususela kowama-82 AD kwaye kukho ubungqina bokutyiwa kwetofu ukususela kwimihla yama-220.
Iimbotyi zesoya zafika eMelika ngowe-1765 ziziswa nguSamuel Bowen, umatiloshe owayendwendwele eChina. Walima isoya kufuphi neSavanna, eGeorgia waza wenza nesosi yesoya wayithengisa eNgilani. Isoya yaqala ukubaluleka kakhulu kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo emva kweMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala. Ngexesha leNdlala eNkulu, imimandla eyathwaxwa yimbalela (ye-Dust Bowl) kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo yakwazi ukusebenzisa isoya ukuvuselela umhlaba wabo ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokuvuselela i-nitrogen. Ngowe-1932 ukuya kowe-1933 iNkampani yeeMoto zeFord yachitha malunga ne-$1 250 000 kuphando ngembotyi yesoya. Ngowe-1935 imoto nganye ye-Ford ukwenziwa kwayo kwakubandakanya isoya. Umzekelo, i-oyile yembotyi yesoya yayisetyenziselwa ukupeyinta ii-automobile nee-shock absorbers. Ukubandakanyeka kwembotyi yesoya kwi-Ford kwavula iminyango emininzi yokuqhagamshelana okwaya ngokukhula phakathi kwezolimo noshishino.
Iimbotyi zesoya zezinye zezityalo zokutya "kwe-biotech" eziye zahlenga-hlengiswa ngokofuzo kwaye iimbotyi zesoya ezihlenga-hlengiswe ngokofuzo ziya ngokusetyenziswa kwiqela leemveliso. Ngowe-1995 iNkampani ye-Monsanto yazise iimbotyi zesoya ze-Roundup Ready (RR) ezihlenga-hlengiselwe ukuba zikwazi ukumelana nesitshabalalisi sokhula i-Roundup saseMonsanto.
Ngowe-1997, malunga ne-8% yazo zonke iimbotyi zesoya ezilinyelwa ukurhweba kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo zahlenga-hlengiswa ngokofuzo. Ngowama-2010, inani laba ngama-93%. Njengakwezinye izityalo ze-Roundup Ready, kukho inkxalabo yokonakaliswa kweyantlukwano yendalo ephilayo. Nangona kunjalo, isiqalelo sofuzo se-RR sandiswe saba yimihlanganisela emininzi eyahluka-hlukileyo yembotyi yesoya kangangokuba uhlenga-hlengiso lofuzo aluwuthobanga umgangatho weyantlukwano kwezofuzo kwaphela, njengoko kubonakele kufundo-nzulu lwama-2003 malunga neyantlukwano kwezofuzo.
Iimbotyi zesoya zinokuhlelwa ngokubanzi njengeentlobo eziyimifuno (yegadi) okanye iintlobo zasemasimini (i-oyile) Iintlobo eziyimifuno ziphekeka lula, zinesongo esingephi samandongomane, zivakala phucukileyo esandleni, zinkulu, zineprotheyini eninzi, kodwa i-oyile yazo incinci kuneyeentlobo zasemasimini. Abavelisi betofu nabavelisi bobisi lwesoya bakhetha imihlanganisela yeprotheyini eninzi evela kwiimbotyi zesoya eziyimifuno ezinentsukaphi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo kwiminyaka yee-1930. Imihlanganisela yegadi xa kuthethwa gabalala ayikufanelanga ukuvunwa ngokudibanisa noomatshini kuba kungenzeka ukuba imidumba icumke xa seyifikelela ekuvuthweni.
Phakathi kwemidumba, imbotyi yesoya, ekwahlelwa phantsi kwembewu ye-oyile, ibalasele ngesiqulatho sayo esiphezulu seprotheyini (38 - 45%) nangesiqulatho sayo esiphezulu se-oyile (20%). Iimbotyi zesoya zibamba indawo yesibini emva kombona phakathi kweemveliso ezixabisekileyo zolimo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ziZizwe eziManyeneyo. Isixa esikhulu sesityalo seembotyi zesoya silinyelwa imveliso ye-oyile, kanti iprotheyini ephezulu isuswa amafutha ukuze umgubo wesoya oqhotsiweyo usetyenziselwe ukondla imfuyo. Ipesenti encinci yeembotyi zesoya ingqaliswa ekusetyenzisweni ngabantu.
EChina, eJapan naseKorea imbotyi kunye neemveliso ezenziwe ngembotyi ziyinxalenye ethandwayo yoluhlu lwezidlo. AmaTshayina enza itofu kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zemidyojwa neziqholo zeembotyi zesoya. Kwisimbo sokupheka saseKorea, amahlumelo eembotyi zesoya nawo ayasetyenziswa maxa wambi. Iimbotyi zilungiswa ngeendlela ezahluka-hlukileyo. Iintlobo ezithile zesoya zibandakanya umgubo wesonka sesoya, ubisi lwesoya, itofu, iprotheyini yemifuno evakala kakuhle esandleni (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-TVP kwenziwa iintlobo zokutya okungenanyama, ezinye zenziwa ukuba zifane nenyama) i-tempeh, i-lecithin yesoya ne-oyile yeembotyi zesoya. Iimbotyi zesoya zikwasisithako esiphambili kwimveliso yesosi yesoya.
Imbewu yembotyi yesoya iqulethe i-oyile ye-19%. Ukuze kutsalwe i-oyile kwimbewu yembotyi yesoya, ziyaqhekezwa iimbotyi zesoya, zilunga-lungiswe ngokwesiqulatho sokufuma, zenziwe imibhumbutho yamacwecwana zize zifunxwe kwisinyibilikisi nge-hexane yokurhweba. I-oyile iyacolwa, ixutywe ngeenjongo zokuyisebenzisa kwizinto ngezinto ngelinye ixesha ijikwe ibe ngamafutha aqinileyo. Ii-oyile zeembotyi zesoya, ezilulwelo neziqiniswe ngokungaphelelanga, zithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle, zithengiswa "njengee-oyile zemifuno", okanye zisetyenziswe nakwiintlobo ngeentlobo zokutya okulunga-lungisiweyo. Umgubo oseleyo weembotyi zesoya usetyenziswa kakhulu njengesondlo sezilwanyana.
Umgubo weembotyi zesoya uba yintsalela efumaneka emva kokufunxwa kwe-oyile kwisinyibilikisi kwimibhumbutho yamacwecwana, kanti inama-50% eprotheyini yesoya. Umgubo "uyaqhotswa" (naxa kungekokuqhotsa ngenene kuba ubushushu bobomphunga) uze usilwe ngesixhobo sokusila esiyintsimbi. Umgubo weembotyi zesoya yimveliso exabisekileyo yamaMelika abawusebenzisela ukukhulisa izilwanyana efama, izilwanyana ezifana neenkuku kunye neehagu ngokomlinganiselo woshishino owaqaliswa ngee-1930; kanti kutshanje kwandiswe neentlanzi ezingenamaxolo emanzini. Ama-98% esityalo esiziimbotyi zesoya e-U.S asetyenziswa ekondleni imfuyo.
Umgubo ocoliweyo wenziwa ngeembotyi zesoya ezikhutshwe amafutha zaze zacolisiswa ukuze zikwazi ukugqitha kwisihluzi semeshi ye-100 okanye kwesinye isihluzi esincinci ngaphezu kweso, ngokuthatha ingqalelo yohlobo olulodwa xa ufunxwa kwisinyibilikisi (awuqhotswa) ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuguqulwa kwesimo sendalo yeprotheyini ukuze kugcinwe iSalathiso soSasazeko lweProtheyini esiphezulu (Protein Dispersibility Index - PDI), esetyenziselwa ukupheka ngokukhupha iprotheyini yemifuno evakala kakuhle esandleni.
Umgubo ocoliweyo wesoya okhutshwe amafutha ufumaneka kwimibhumbutho yamacwecwana ekhutshwe kwisinyibilikisi kwaye une-oyile engaphantsi kwi-1%.
Umgubo ocoliweyo wesoya onamafutha apheleleyo wenziwa ngeembotyi ezichutyiweyo nezingafunxwanga kwaye uqulethe i-oyile emalunga ne-18% ukuya kuma-20%.
Umgubo ocoliweyo wesoya onamafutha amancinci wenziwa ngokuphinda kufakelwe i-oyile emgubeni ocoliweyo wesoya ekhutshwe amafutha. Isiqulatho samafutha sahluka ngokwemigqaliselo, sikholisa ukuba phakathi kwe-4,5% ne-9%.
Umgubo ocoliweyo wesoya onamafutha amaninzi nawo unokwenziwa ngokongeza i-oyile emgubeni ongakhutshwanga mafutha ngokwenqanaba le-15%.
Ukutya kwabantwana okunesoya (i-SBIF) kusetyenziswa kwiintsana ezinegazi elingavaniyo neeprotheyini zobisi lwenkomo olubulewe iintsholongwane ngobushushu.
Iimbotyi zesoya zisenokucolwa ukuze kuveliswe ukuvakala ngesandla nenkangeleko efana neyazo zonke ezinye iintlobo zokutya. Umzekelo, iimbotyi zesoya zisisithako esiphambili kwiimveliso zobisi eziliqela (umzekelo, ubisi lwesoya, imajarini, iayisikhrimu yesoya, iyogathi yesoya, isonka samasi sekhrimu yesoya) kunye neentlobo zenyama (umzekelo, ibhega yemifuno). Ezi ntlobo zokutya ziyathengiswa ezivenkileni. Ubisi lwesoya akukho mfuneko yokuba liqulathe izixa ezibalulekileyo ze-calcium ecolekayo emzimbeni. Abenzi abaninzi bobisi lwesoya baluthengisa neemveliso ze-calcium ezityebileyo.
Iimveliso zesoya zikwasetyenziswa njengokutya okungena endaweni yeemveliso zenyama nenkuku ngexabiso eliphantsi. Kodwa ukuzicola ngakumbi kungaphungula incasa naxa wona amafutha ne-cholesterol zicutheka. Phofu iimveliso zesoya zinokufakelwa iivithamini neetyuwa ukuze zilingane ngokwesondlo neprotheyini yezilwanyana; lona udidi lweprotheyini kungatshiwo ukuthi luphantse lwafana nolwenyama. Iprotheyini efakelwe imifuno eyinyama yesoya seyisetyenziswe kwiminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50 njengendlela engenaxabiso eliphezulu lenyama yenkomo enesondlo esilingana nesenyama yoqobo.
Iimbotyi zesoya zikwasetyenziswa njengeemveliso zoshishino kubandakanywa ii-oyile, iisepha, iziqholo, ii-resin, iiplastikhi, ii-inki, iikhrayoni, izinyibilikisi nempahla yokunxiba. I-oyile yeembotyi zesoya ngumthombo ophambili we-biodiesel kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo, masithi ngama-80% emveliso ye-diesel yasemakhaya. Iimbotyi zesoya okoko zasetyenziswa ukususela ngowama-2001 njenge-stock esibiliswayo xa kusenziwa utywala be-vodka.
<fn>PulaImvula. Sprayers.2008-03.xh.txt</fn>
Kwinqaku elimalunga nokutshatyalaliswa kokhula okungancomekiyo kwiPula-Imvula kaFebhuwari 2008, esinye sezisathu ezinokubakho ekuxoxwe ngazo kube yimeko yesitshizi se-boom. Kunokubonakala ngathi oku yingxaki ephantse ukuxhaphaka - yiloo nto sekukho neli nqaku.
Ulondolozo olufanelekileyo neendlela zokugcina azaneli kulandelelana njengamalungiselelo aphambi kwexesha lonyaka kunyaka olandelayo kuphela, kodwa lomeleze ukusebenza kwesitshizi lo gama lusongezelela iminyaka kubomi balo bokuvelisa. Ukuba sesichengeni sezitshabalalisi ezininzi zezibulali zezityalo kwixesha elide ezigqitha kwisitshizi zinako ukutyabula zonakalise iindawo ezithile zesitshizi, ipeyinti kunye nemidibaniso yombane. Intlenge evela kwezi mveliso inokuba yingozi nakubani osebenza ngomatshini. Kwakhona, izixa ezincinci kakhulu zezitshabalalisi zezibulali zezityalo ezivingce kwiindawo zesitshizi zinako ukonakalisa izityalo ukuba zigqithele kwixesha lonyaka lokutshiza elilandelayo.
Ukhuseleko lobuqu bakho nolosapho lwakho, olwabaqeshwa nezityalo zakho kwenza kubaluleke ukuba usicoce ngobunono ngokunjalo ususe naluphi ungcoliseko kwisitshizi sakho ngethuba lexesha lonyaka, phakathi kwezityalo naphambi kokuzigcinela ixesha lasebusika. Khumbula ukuba inkoliso yemichiza esetyenziswa kwezolimo iyingozi kwizityalo kunye/okanye kwizilwanyana ngoko ke makuthathwe yonke ingqalelo ukuziqonda iingozi ezibandakanyekayo ukuze emva koko kulawulwe imeko kakuhle kangangoko kunokwenziwa.
Inkqubo epheleleyo yolondolozo nokugcina inamanyathelo amahlanu.
Phambi kokuqalisa ukucoca isitshizi sakho, qiniseka ukuba uphengulula ileyibhile yezitshabalalisi zezibulali-zityalo ozifakileyo.
Kukuxelela ngendlela efanelekileyo yokulahla imveliso eyintsalela.
Kunika nayiphi imiyalelo yokucoca yohlobo olulodwa enokuba yimfuneko.
Kucebisa ngeemveliso zokukhucula ungcoliseko.
Kukunika iingongoma eziphambili ngeZixhobo zoKhuselo zoMntu ngoKwakhe (Personal Protective Equipment - PPE) ekufuneka ucoce ngokhuseleko isitshizi sakho.
Injongo yokuhlambulula ngamanzi kukususa naziphi iindawo zemveliso ezicukeneyo okanye ezezixa ezikhulu ezinokuba zisekwisitshizi. Izixhobo zokucoca isitshizi zibandakanya ukujikelezisa amanzi kwisixokelelwano siphelele kulandele ukufakwa kwaso kwisiza esidweliswe kwileyibhile yezitshabalalisi zezibulali-zityalo ozisebenzisileyo (ngamanye amazwi, ukutshiza ngamanzi/ngomxube wemichiza ongxengiweyo, ngoku obizwa ngokuba yi-rinstate, kwindawo enokhuseleko).
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyayicoca itanki ngokunjalo nemibhobho kunye neziphokozi, faka amanzi acocekileyo abe kwisiqingatha setanki ukuze uqhube itrektara kumgama omfutshane kwenye yeendlela zasefama - ukuxhumaxhuma kuya kushukumisa amanzi kuqinisekise ukuba atshiza wonke umphakathi wetanki. Amaxa aliqela ohlambululo ngamanzi amancinci (ukufikelela kwi-10% yesakhono sokuqulatha setanki yesitshizi) abhetele kunokusuka kuzaliswe nje itanki yesitshizi kanye ngamanzi acocekileyo. Kucetyiswa ukuphinda-phindwa kwenkqubo yokuhlaziya ngamanzi kathathu obona buncinci.
Khetha indawo apho i-rinsate engenakwenza ungcoliseko lweenkxaso zamanzi, imiqukuqelo, izityalo okanye ezinye izityalo nalapho amachityana amakhulwana angenakuqokelelana khona, kuba oko kunokudala ingozi ebantwini, kwizilwanyana nakwimo ezingqongileyo. Unokusitshiza emngciphekweni wentsimi okanye endleleni yasefama.
Qiniseka ukuba uyawakhupha amanzi kwitanki yesitshizi ngendlela ehambelana ncam neyeleyibhile yesitshabalalisi sezibulali-zityalo. Musa ukusuka uvule iivalvu kuphela kuba kuya kuchithekela emhlabeni. Yongezelela iincam zeziphokozi ezikwazi ukuqulatha okuninzi ukuze kwenzeke indlela ekhawulezayo nesemthethweni yokuchitha i-rinsate yesitshizi. Umphandle wesitshizi nawo mawuhlanjwe. Kwakhona, xa uhlambulula isitshizi ngamanzi, musa ukudala amadanyana amanzi amileyo nanokufikelelwa ngabantwana, izilwanyana zasekhaya, imfuyo okanye impahla yasendle.
Ukuchitha i-rinsate yesitshabalalisi sezibulali-zityalo ngokwezikhokelo ezikwileyibhile, faka i-rinsate kwisiza apho iimveliso ziza kusetyenziswa khona ngokwentsusa yako (kwakhona, emngciphekweni wentsimi apho umchiza utshizwe khona kukholisa ukuba yindawo efanelekielyo). Phinda-phinda inkqubo yokukhuphela ngaphandle okungaphakathi emva kokususa ungcoliseko nokuphinda uhlaziye isitshizi. Qiniseka ukuba ukhuphela ngaphandle naziphi iitanki zokucoca zamanzi okuhlaziya phambi kokulondoloza ukuthintela umonakalo owenziwa kukujika kwamanzi abe ngumkhenkce ngaphakathi.
Emva kokuhlaziya ngamanzi okokugqibela unako ukuhlola isitshizi sakho uze wenze ukukhanda nokuba luhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko. Nangona isitshizi sesicociwe, yiba soloko unxiba izixhobo zakho zokhuselo. Enye intlenge inokusalela ibe khona nakwisitshizi.
Isakhiwo se-boom, esichonga naziphi iintanda mazilungiswe.
Njengoko ngoku sesicocwe ngocoselelo isitshizi, usenokunqwenela ukususa iindawo zayo ezinokonala ngethuba lokugcinwa.
Susa izihluzi uzihlambe ngesandla ngamanzi anesepha (khumbula ukunxiba iiglavu ezimelana nemichiza), zihlambulule ngamanzi uze mhlawumbi uzigcine okanye uzibuyisele kwisitshizi.
Qwalasela ngohlobo olulodwa iziphokozi, iziqu zeziphokozi uqwalasele neevalvu. Intlenge yemichiza inokwakheka kwezi ndawo ize ibe lukhuni ebusika, ngokwenza njalo inciphise ukusebenza kwesitshizi kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo.
Susa iincam zeziphokozi, izikrini, qwalasela iivalvu, iziciko neziqu zeziphokozi kwizicuku zeziqu zeziphokozi. Faka eplagini ngokuqaphela izicuku ezo.
Coca uze uhlaziye iincam zeziphokozi, iziqu zeziphokozi uze uqwalasele iivalvu. Zigcine kwisiphathi esiphawuliweyo. Gcina iivalvu kubushushu begumbi ebusika ukuthintela umonakalo onokwenziwa ngamaqondo obushushu bomkhenkce.
Susa zonke iigeyiji zoxinzelelo uze ufake iziciko kwiindawo ezivulekileyo zesitshizi. Gcina iigeyiji apho zingenakuba sesichengeni somkhenkce okanye somonakalo.
Ekugqibeleni, jikelezisa isichasi-mkhenkce kwisitshizi, nakwsixokelelwano samanzi kubandakanywa ii-boom, iivalvu, imiphetho, iimitha zomqukuqelo, izivuseleli/imizila yokubuyelela. Vumela isichasi-mkhenkce ukujikeleza kwimibhobho ye-boom. Oku kuya kufaka umaleko kwiimaleko zombhobho ukuthintela ukoma nokucandeka. Ukufaka iziciko kuzo zonke iziphokozi ze-boom kuya kunceda ekuvumeleni isichasi-mkhenkce kwisixokelelwano, kodwa kunokufuneka ukuba uvule isiphokozi esinye okanye nangaphezu kwesinye ukuvumela isichasi-mkhenkce ukujikeleza kwi-boom iphelele. Vala ngeziciko ezo ziphokozi xa isichasi-mkhenkce sesizalise isixokelelwano ngokupheleleyo.
Apho kujoliswe khona ngebakala lokugcina kukuba isichasi-mkhenkce sityhilizele ngaphandle amanzi aseleyo anokuba asekwisixokelelwano kunye nokufaka umaleko kuzo zonke iinxalenye zesitshizi. Vumela isichasi-mkhenkce ukuhlala kwimpompo nakwiivalvu ukuthintela ukurusa nokonakala okunokwenziwa ngumoya ofumileyo ovaleleka kwisixokelelwano. Njengoko abanye bezisusa phambi kolondolozo, ukufakwa kweevalvu ezivalayo kwicala ngalinye lempompo kunokuyiphumeza le nkqubo.
Isichasi-mkhenkce esenzelwa izithuthi zokuzonwabisa (RV's) sikholisa ukusetyenziselwa ukugcina izitshizi zezolimo. Sona asifani nesichasi-mkhenkce sezithuthi ezihamba ngokuzenzekela ubukhulu becala, asiyotyhefu kangako kwizilwanyana. Nangona iimveliso ezininzi zezichasi-mkhenkce ziqina njengejeli phantsi kweemeko ezibanda kakhulu, azifanelanga kuba ngumkhenkce. Nokuba kutheni, yiba soloko ufunda iileyibhile zezichasi-mkhenkce ukuqinisekisa ukuba siya kuwenza umsebenzi waso naphantsi kweemeko ezibandayo zasebusika.
Njengoko ngoku sesicociwe isitshizi, sihlanjululwe kungcoliseko saza salungiselelwa ubusika, ngoko ke silungele ukugcinwa. Enyanisweni, ukugcinwa kwangaphakathi, kude nokuxhatshazwa zizinto ngezinto, kuko okukhethwayo. Kodwa nasiphi isiza sangaphakathi osikhethayo masibe kude nezichumiso ezingamanzi nezomileyo. Uthuli nentlenge ephuma kwezi mveliso inokudla ipeyinti neenxalenye ezenza isitshizi.
Ukuba akunamnqweno wokusebenzisa indlela yokugcina ngesichasi-mkhenkce, sisenzo esilungileyo ukususa impompo yesitshizi ukuze igcinwe eshedini de kube lixesha elizayo lonyaka. Kaninzi, amanzi asala empompini kuthi ngeenyanga ezibandayo zasebusika; ajike abe ngumkhenkce amanzi asempompini andule ukwenza amathanda empompini - ngokwenza njalo ingabi namsebenzi.
Ulondolozo lwezixhobo zokufaka isitshabalalisi sezibulali-zityalo lubandakanya ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwetanki yesitshizi, impompo, imibhobho, izihluzi zemigca, igeyiji yoxinzelelo, izixhobo zokufakela, iincam zeziphokozi nezihluzi. Qwalasela isitshizi phambi nasemva kokugcinwa ithuba eloluliweyo, naphambi kokusebenzisa ngexesha ngalinye. Khumbula ukusoloko unxiba izixhobo zokukhusela ubuqu bakho xa usebenza ngezixhobo zesitshizi.
Iitanki zesitshizi: Iitanki zesitshizi zenziwe ngentsimbi engarusiyo zagqunywa ngesinyithi, iglasi yemicu okanye iplastikhi, kubandakanywa i-polyethylene okanye i-polypropylene. Le michako ayifunxi nto kangako, ngoko ke makungashiywa ntlenge yezitshabalalisi zezibulali-zityalo kuzo emva kokucocwa. Nangona kunjalo, iimaleko zetanki yeglasi yemicu, xa zikrwentshiwe, ziya kufunxa izitshabalalisi zezibulali-zityalo. Iintanda nokucebuka kumaleko we-epoxy kwiitanki ezigqunywe ngesinyithi mazikhandwe ngomchako we-epoxy; ngaphandle koko, isimbiwa esivelileyo sinokukhuhleka. Rhoqo ngamaxesha athile khangela iintanda ezitankini, irusi okanye ukukhuhleka okuya kwenza itanki buthathaka ukuze ekugqibeleni kuphuhle kube yindawo evuzayo. Qiniseka ukuba itanki yesitshizi ibotshelelwe kwisitshizi.
Impompo nemitywino yempompo: Impompo nazo zonke iinxalenye zayo mazibe kwimeko elungileyo yokusebenza. Imitywino yempompo, iiringi ze-'O' okanye ii-washer ezisabukomityi zesikhumba okanye zento eyenziwe ngumntu zisenokoma de zibune xa isitshizi singasetyenziswanga kwithuba eloluliweyo okanye xa sigcinwe ngendlela engafanelekanga. Izinyibilikisi kwimixube ethile yezitshabalalisi zezibulali-zityalo zinako ukonakalisa imitywino yempompo, ukuze oko kubange iindawo ezivuzayo empompini okanye ukumpompa okunganelanga.
Imibhobho: Faka eminye imibhobho endaweni yaleyo inamathanda okanye evuzayo. Khumbula, imibhobho esetyenziselwa ukufaka izitshabalalisi zezibulali-zityalo ayinakuze isuswe ungcoliseko ngokugqibeleleyo. Kuya kusoloko kukho intsalela yesitshabalalisi sezibulali-zityalo esele kuyo. Leyo ikhutshiweyo kwaza kwafakwa eminye endaweni yayo mayilahlwe kakuhle kwaye ingaze iphinde isetyenziselwe nantoni kwakhona.
Izihluzi zemigca kunye nezikrini: Zisebenzise qho izihluzi nezikrini xa izixhobo zisetyenziswa. Ezi zixhobo zibuhluza buphume tu ubutyobo nezinto ezingafunekiyo ezinokuhlohleka kwiziphokozi kuze oko kucuthe isakhono somsebenzi wesitshizi.
Iigeyiji zoxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo lolwelo kwisixokelelwano sesitshizi lulandelwa ngoqwalaselo ngegeyiji yoxinzelelo. Igeyiji ilinganisa uxinzelelo lwesitshizi ngeziphokozi xa ibekwe phakathi kwesilawuli soxinzelelo neziphokozi zezitshizi. Njengesiphumo, inguquko kuxinzelelo inokuthetha isakhono sokungasebenzi kakuhle. Qiniseka ukuba iigeyiji zoxinzelelo zikwimeko yokusebenza efanelekileyo kwaye amaqondo emilinganiselo achanekile.
Izixhobo ezifakelweyo nezixhakamfuli: Izifakelelo eziyekeyeke okanye ezineentanda zikholisa ukuba yintsusa yeendawo ezivuzayo. Qiniseka ukuba izifakelelo nezixhakamfuli zibambelele kakuhle phambi kokubeka isixokelelwano phantsi koxinzelelo naphambi kokumpompa ulwelo. Sakuba siphantsi koxinzelelo isixokelelwano, khangela iindawo ezivuzayo.
Iincam zeziphokozi nezihluzi: Qwalasela iziphokozi rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba azivingcekanga. Iziphokozi ezikrazukileyo zithetha ukuba mininzi imichiza etshizwayo kanti oko kubanga isimbo sokutshiza esingalungelelani kuzo zonke iindawo ngokunjalo iziphumo ezingalinganiyo. Imingxuma yeziphokozi nayo inokuguquka, ngakumbi xa kusoloko kusetyenziswa imixube edlayo, efana nemigubo enesakhono sokumanzisa. Ukuba umqukuqelo wesiphokozi ungaphantsi kunalowo ulindelekileyo, coca iziphokozi uze uzame kwakhona. Iziphokozi kusenokwenzeka ukuba zivingcekile.
<fn>PulaImvula. StudyGroup(maize).2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
IQela loFundo-nzulu le-Imperani Ficksburg.
ziihektare ezili-1 510.
Kungani ungalinywanga umhlaba olimekayo?
Umhlaba ngowamaqela abantu ngoko ke akululanga ukufumana imali yokuqalisa ngomsebenzi wemveliso.
IQela loFundo-nzulu lidibana kaninzi kangakanani?
IQela loFundo-nzulu lethu lidibana qho ngenyanga nganye ukuze libambe iingxoxo malunga nenkqubo yengqolowa kanti lidibana qho emva kweenyanga ezimbini malunga nenkqubo yombona.
Luncedo luni olufumaneka ngokuba lilungu leQela loFundo-nzulu?
Ngoku siyakwazi okwenzeka kwishishini lezityalo eziziinkozo kwaye siyazi nangamathuba afumaneka kwezolimo. Sinenkqubo yenkxaso esingqiyama ngayo xa kukho ingxaki.
Ingaba ikhona intsebenziswano phakathi kweQela loFundo-nzulu necandelo elirhweba ngokufama?
Ngamanye amaxesha siyadibana nabalimi abathile abarhwebayo kwiifandesi ngolo hlobo sizive siyinxalenye yoluntu olubanzi lwamafama.
Ingaba uyafuna ukudibana neQela loFundo-nzulu labalimi abarhwebayo kwaye kutheni ucinga ukuba oko kubalulekile?
Kubalulekile ukuba thina njangabalimi sithethe ngelizwi elinye. Umlimi osahlumayo usendleleni yokuba ngumlimi orhweba ngokutya. Ukuqalisa kunye, ukuthetha kunye nokunikana inkxaso kuya kubomeleza bonke abalimi.
<fn>PulaImvula. StudyGroup(maize).2011-04-07.xh.txt</fn>
Iqela lofundo-nzulu le-Uphuzane.
Lindawoni iqela lofundo-nzulu le-Uphuzane?
I-Uphuzane iseMantla aKwaZulu-Natal kumgama weekhilomitha ezingama-25 ukusuka ePaulpietersburg kanye ngasekunene omlambo weBivane. Le yindawo esemaphandleni kakhulu ngokugqithisileyo kwaye inesakhiwo esisiseko esingalungiswanga kakuhle kanti abalimi abanazakhono zobuchule nolwazi ukuze bakwazi ukufama ngendlela elondolozekayo nangokuzimela.
Iqela lofundo-nzulu linabalimi abangamadoda nababhinqileyo abazimisele kakhulu ukufunda nokuphucula ingeniso yabo, ukuphucula ubomi babo ngokunjalo basebenzise ubutyebi bendalo ngendlela ephucukileyo.
Okwangoku aba balimi basebenzisa umhlaba omalunga neehektare ezingamashumi asixhenxe zomhlaba olimekayo kodwa kusekho umhlaba omkhulu olifusi okhoyo.
Ziintoni izizathu zamasimi angasetyenziswayo?
Izizathu zobukho bemihlaba engasetyenziswayo ubukhulu becala zezokunqongophala kwemali, kuba amasimi abo ayadityanelwa baze ababolekisi bemali bangabi namdla wokubaboleka imali. Enye ingxaki yenziwa kukungabikho koomatshini, iitrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza.
Iqela lofundo-nzulu lihlangana kaninzi kangakanani?
Iqela lofundo-nzulu lihlangana kanye ngenyanga ukuze lixoxe ngeengxaki nendlela yokusebenzisa izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezinqongopheleyo.
Zeziphi izinto eziluncedo zokuba lilungu leli qela lofundo-nzulu?
Ndamangaliswa kakhulu ukufumanisa ukuba abalimi sebeqalisile ukusebenzisa iindlela zokukhupha imveliso zanamhla (ukungahlakuli) kwixesha lonyaka lama-2009/2010 ngempumelelo enkulu. Kweli xesha lonyaka langoku sebandise ukusetyenziswa kombona ongahlakulelwayo ngempumelelo enkulu. Uthakazelelo lwabo lokuguqula iindlela zakudala zokutyala umbona basebenzise indlela yanamhla lubonisa ukuba abachasani nenguquko nokuba uqeqesho nophuhliso luneziqhamo. (Walala wasala - ukuba ulibele kukuthi ngqwa, uyalahlekelwa).
Abalimi bafumanisa ukuba bafumana iinkcukacha ezininzi nolwazi ngokuba yinxalenye yeqela lofundo-nzulu nangokuya kwiintsuku zabalimi. Enye indlela yokufumana amava abanzi kukusebenzisa iiplothi zamalinge ukubonisa abalimi indlela elungileyo neyanamhla yokutyala umbona.
Ingaba kukho nakuphi ukudibaniselana phakathi kweqela lofundo-nzulu necandelo lokufama lorhwebo?
Kukhona ukudibaniselana phakathi kwamalungu ofundo-nzulu nabalimi borhwebo bendawo abahlala kuyo, kodwa umgama ukusuka apho bakhoyo ukuya kwabo balimi barhwebayo ungumceli-mngeni. Iqela lofundo-nzulu linobudlelwane obulungileyo neSebe lezoLimo kunyenabalimi abarhwebayo bendawo abahlala kuyo.
<fn>PulaImvula. StudyGroup(maize).xh.txt</fn>
Use the South African map and show where the Northern Eastern Cape is.
Photo 1: IQela loFundo-nzulu iKhanyayo kwintlanganiso yeqela lofundo-nzulu.
Photo 2: USihlalo weQela loFundo-nzulu iKhanyayo, uMnu uMagidela phambi kombona wakhe.
Iqela lofundo-nzulu iKhanyayo.
Lihlala phi iqela lofundo-nzulu?
Iqela lofundo-nzulu lihlala endaweni esemaphandleni enesiseko sophuhliso esincinane okanye esingekhoyo, mhlawumbi malunga nama-60 km ukusuka eBizana eMantla eMpuma-Koloni.
Iqela lofundo-nzulu linamalungu ali-100.
Ngumhlaba oziihektare ezili-100 okhoyo wemveliso.
Izizathu zokuba kutheni ungasetyenziswa wonke umhlaba olimekayo?
Unqongophalo lwezixhobo zokusebenza.
Imozulu - ekuqaleni kwexesha lonyaka lokulima lama-2010, iimvula zine emva kwexesha kwaza kwaba manzi kakhulu kangangokuba kungakwazeki ukutyala.
Umgama oya kubaxhasi bamagalelo, umzekelo abezichumiso, imbewu nemichiza.
Iqela lofundo-nzulu lidibana kaninzi kangakanani?
Iqela lofundo-nzulu lidibana neGrain SA qho ngenyanga kanti bona badibana qho ngeveki ukuze baxoxe ngomsebenzi wokufama.
Zinto zini eziluncedo ngokuba lilungu leqela lofundo-nzulu?
Izinto eziluncedo ngokuba lilungu leqela lofundo-nzulu kukugqithiselana ngolwazi, iingxoxo zeqela lofundo-nzulu, ukuqwalasela imisebenzi yezolimo elungileyo ngokuthatha iintwana zomhlaba ezilingwayo, ukutyala, ukufakwa kwemichiza etshabalalisa ukhula kunye neemvavanyo. Iqela lofundo-nzulu iKhanyayo belinethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo lokuya kwizifundo zeNtshayelelo ngoMbona.
Ngaba kukhona na ukudibaniselana phakathi kweqela lofundo-nzulu necandelo lokufama lorhwebo?
Akukabikho mafama arhwebayo kwindawo yabo!
Iqela lofundo-nzulu lizuze ntoni kwiGrain SA?
Ngokusebenzisa iintlanganiso zamaqela ofundo-nzulu, bafumene ulwazi, ngokukwazi ukuxoxa nokunxibelelana ngezinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo zezenzo zokutyala ezichanekileyo.
Iimvavanyo zemiboniso-ngcaciso zibe neempembelelo kwiinzuzo zokusetyenziswa kwemichiza nesichumiso.
Njengesiphumo sokwenza iqela lofundo-nzulu, benze iqela lokuthenga imichiza nesichumiso kwiqela lofundo-nzulu.
<fn>PulaImvula. StudyGroups(maize).2011-05-11.xh.txt</fn>
Kukho malunga neehektare ezingama-2 152 zomhlaba olimekayo ezinokufunyanwa ngamalungu amaqela ofundo-nzulu kule ngingqi. Lo ngumhlaba odityanelwayo, umhlaba karhulumente kodwa olawulwa ngugunyaziwe wamaqela oluntu. Umlimi ngamnye "unemvume yokungena kuwo" (permission to occupy okanye i-PTO), mvume leyo efana nemvumelwano yokuqesha. Umlimi akanakuba ngumnini walo mhlaba, kodwa umhlaba awunakuxuthwa kusapho lwakhe.
Kweli xesha lonyaka abakwazanga kulima umhlaba oziihektare ezingama-857. Ziliqela izizathu ezibange le meko, kubandakanywa iindleko eziphezulu zamagalelo kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokusebenzisa ababhambathiswa. Abalimi abakwazi kuthenga izixhobo zokusebenza neetrektara ezizezabo njengoko amaxabiso abawafumanayo ezityalo eziziinkozo ephantsi ngokunjalo neenzuzo ziphantsi. Abalimi abaninzi abasasebenzisa umhlaba badala kwaye baxhomekeke ubukhulu becala kwiintlawulo zomhlala-phantsi. Abalimi abadala abanalungelo lokufumana uncedo lwemali olufana neemali-mboleko zasebhankini kwaye abakwazi kwandisa umhlaba abawulimayo ngemali abanayo.
Umhlaba olimekayo omkhulu awubiyelwanga ngoko ke abalimi balahlekelwa kakhulu ngenxa yemfuyo etya emasimini alinyiweyo. Inkqubo yeCASP yeSebe lezoLimo ihamba kade ngokuphathelene nezinto zokubiya ezisisakhelo esisiseko. Inkqubo ebanzi yemveliso yokutya incipha ngonyaka ngamnye kwaye bambalwa kakhulu abalimi abancediswa yile nkqubo ukulima izityalo zabo. Abalimi basemaphandleni bafaka izicelo kwinkqubo yeASGISA esebenza umhlaba wamaqela abahlali ngaphandle kokubandakanya abanini bomhlaba. Esi asisosisombululo silondolozekayo njengoko sisazi ukuba xa i-ASGISA ingasawasebenzi amasimi, aya kuphinda abe lifusi kwakhona kuba kule nkqubo akukho kugqithiswa kwezakhono zobuchule kungekho nakuxhotyiswa kwenzekayo.
Amalungu eqela ahlangana kanye ngenyanga. Kukho ixabiso elikhulu ekubeni yinxalenye yeqela lofundo-nzulu njengoko abalimi bekwazi ukwabelana ngezimvo, bakwazi nokuchonga iimfuno zabo zoqeqesho kananjalo banikana namacebiso kunye nenkxaso. Abalimi basemaphandleni bakude kubalimi borhwebo kanti ngabalimi abambalwa kuphela abalima njengabalimi abarhwebayo. Uphuhliso malunga nale mimandla luyacotha, kodwa ndinovuyo ukunika ingxelo yokuba inkqubela iyabonakala. Abalimi basebenzisa imbewu yemihlanganiselwa, nesichumiso kwaye benza ilinge elibumbeneyo lokutshabalalisa ukhula emasimini abo ombona.
<fn>PulaImvula. StudyGroupsMaize.2009-01.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni injongo yeqela lofundo-nzulu?
Omnye wemisebenzi eyilwayo obalulekileyo kwiNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama kukusekwa nokunikwa kweenkonzo zamaqela ofundo-nzulu.
Injongo yalo msebenzi uyilwayo kukukhuthaza abavelisi abasaphuhlayo, abanofikelelo emhlabeni, ukubumba amaqela ofundo-nzulu adibana rhoqo ukuze afikelele kuqeqesho nakulwazi olunxulumene neshishini lombona.
ULawrence Luthango (osebenze ukususela ngoMeyi 2008), eMpuma-Koloni - 14 amaqela ofundo-nzulu.
Ukuhlalutywa kweesampulu zomhlaba, indlela yokusebenzisa ibhola yasemhlabeni, ubunzulu bomhlaba, ukugangatheka komhlaba, umhlaba ongaphantsi olukhuni, ukufakwa kwekalika emhlabeni, iziphumo zovavanyo lomhlaba, ubumuncu bomhlaba, isakhono somhlaba, ukufakwa kwesichumiso, iimfuneko zezondlo zezityalo, ubukho bezondlo kule mihlaba, iindlela zokuhlakula nolondolozo lokufuma.
Iimali-mboleko zabavelisi - okuhamba nokuboleka imali, isicwangciso semali, iindleko zemveliso, iingqikelelo zesivuno, imihla yokutyala, ubunzulu bokutyala, iintlobo ngeentlobo, amanani ezityalo, iimpembelelo zemozulu kwimveliso yesityalo, amaqondo emilinganiselo ezitshizi nawezixhobo zokutyala, ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo, ukusetyenziswa kwababhambathiswa ngendlela encomekayo, ukuvuna, isiqulatho sokufuma ngokweentlobo zezityalo eziziinkozo, ukulondolozwa kombona, iindleko zothutho, indlela yokuthenga amagalelo ngobulumko, ixabiso lentsalela yesityalo, ukuthengisa izityalo eziziinkozo, izibonelelo kunye nenkxaso evela kurhulumente.
Iindleko zemisebenzi, iimfuneko ze-kW zeentlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo, iindleko zokukhanda, iimfuneko ze-kW ngehektare nganye, ukuhlakula okuncitshisiweyo ukwenzela ulondolozo lweendleko neemvumelwano zokuthenga ngetyala.
Indlela yokufikelela emhlabeni, izibalo zendawo, ukuqesha imihlaba, ukuhlelwa komhlaba nendlela yokuphatha abangcuchalazi emhlabeni lowo.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kombungu osikayo emhlabeni nokutshatyalaliswa kwempehla egqobhoza isikhondo.
Iintlobo zokhula, ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngemichiza nangoomatshini, ukutshatyalaliswa kwengca eselukhuleni, imichiza etshabalalisa ukhula lwaphambi nasemva kokuhluma nokutshiza emqolweni okanye kwintsimi iphelele.
Umonakalo wesichotho, i-inshorensi yesichotho, i-inshorensi ehlanganiselweyo kunye neemfuneko zeinshorensi.
<fn>PulaImvula. SuccessfulMaize.2009-06.xh.txt</fn>
Njengelinye lamanyathelo okuqala afuneka kulawulo oluncomekayo lweshishini lomsebenzi wokufama, kuyimfuneko ukwenza isigqibo ngeenjongo. Akunakulandelwa indlela engaziwayo ngaphandle koluvo oluthile lwenjongo enqwenelekayo. Abavelisi beemveliso bakholisa ukugxekwa kuba bakurhuqela iinyawo ukuseka iinjongo abajolise kuzo okanye iigowuli zeshishini okanye ukuzenzela bona.
Kunzima ukuqulunqa iinjongo zeshishini lokufama kuba iimeko azicaci kwaye azibonakali kwangethuba langaphambili.
Kuthatha ixesha elininzi ukuseka iinjongo ezifanelekileyo zeshishini lokufama.
Nangona zozibini ezi zizathu ziqulethe umba wenyaniso, ukubaluleka kokuseka izinto ekujoliswe kuzo - nangona kukho imibandela ebandakanyekayo yobunzima nexesha - akunakugxininiswa ngakumbi. Iinjongo zinika intsingiselo noluvo malunga namanyathelo kanti ngaphandle kwazo akwenzeki ukukwazi ukuqikelela impumezo okanye intsilelo. Ngaphandle kwenjongo kungamampunge ukulinganisa imfezeko, njengoko kungenakwenzeka ukufikelela kwinjongo engazange isekwe. Inyaniso yokuba ukuseka indawo ekujoliswe kuyo ngeshishini lokufama kunzima kwaye kuthatha ixesha ayikunciphisi ukubaluleka kwako, kodwa kugxininisa inyaniso yokuba kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo yohlobo olulodwa.
Ukuseka iindawo ekujoliswe kuzo kwishishini lokufama maxa wambi kunika iingxaki. Isizathu soku sinokufumaneka kwinyaniso yokuba umsebenzi wokufama ungumsebenzi awuqeshelweyo umnini-umvelisi-zimveliso kwaye ukwayindlela yokuphila ebomini. Umzi wakhe uyinxalenye engenakwahlulwa neyimbumba kunye neshishini lakhe elingumsebenzi wakhe awuqeqeshelweyo. Kanti nangona kuvumelekile xa ngokubanzi ukuba injongo ephambili yeshishini elilawulwa yimali ibe yeyona nzuzo iphezulu kwithuba lexesha elide, ishishini lokufama lisenokungakwazi ukwenza oku njengento ekujoliswe kuyo esentloko ngenxa yobumbano yendlela yobomi nomsebenzi wobungcali. Iinjongo jikelele zaba banini-abavelisi-zimveliso zisenokwandlalwa ngokubanzi njengokuzingisa eyona nzuzo iphezulu inokubakho ngaphandle kokuba olu zingiso lokufumana inzuzo alwenziwa endaweni yolonwabo losapho nendlela yokuphila ebomini.
Injongo (iinjongo) eziqulunqwe ngentla azicacanga ngohlobo lokuba azikwazi ukubalwa ngamanani kwaye zinokutolikwa ngeendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo. Inkcazo, nangona kunjalo yeyokuba akukho bantu babini banezixokelelwano zezinto ezixabisekileyo zifana ncam nengqiqo efanayo yokuba yintoni usapho olonwabileyo ngoko ke indlela yethu yokuphila ebomini iyahluka. Ubunzulu nobude bexesha lokuzingisa ukufuna inzuzo ngoko ke buya kwahluka ukusuka kumvelisi-zimveliso othile ukuya komnye, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zomntu ngamnye nakubunzulu azimisele ukuzinikela ngabo kuzingiso lwakhe lwenzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Yintoni ke ngoko enokubaluleka kangako kumvelisi-zimveliso othile malunga noku, kukuba akwazi ukuqikelela ukuba ingaba ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo kuye malunga nenzuzo yokuzinikela, kuba kuxa kulapho apho anokukwazi ukukhetha ngengqiqo phakathi kwezinto ezibalulekileyo.
Uluntu lulindele ukuba icandelo lemveliso yokufama linikele inkxaso - ngokwezakhono zelizwe elithile -obona buncinane ukutya nezinto ezisisiseko ngamaxabiso aphantsi nokuthi liqhube ngokwenza njalo, nto leyo ethetha ukusetyenziswa okukokona kuphezulu kwemithombo yobutyebi bendalo kwithuba elide. Nangona kunjalo, iinjongo ezingangqaliswanga azisayo kwanela. Umsetyenzana ngamnye nalowo owonganyelweyo umsetyenzana nawo ukwafuna injongo okanye injongo eyonganyelweyo engqalileyo, kodwa ezi kufuneka ukuba zisoloko zingqinelana nenjongo engangqalanga esentloko. Umzekelo, umvelisi-zimveliso owenza isigqibo sokulima umbona kufuneka aphinde abe nenjongo engqalileyo yesebe lakhe lombona, umzekelo xa elima iihektare ezingama-500 zombona otyheli ngonyaka. Kodwa nako oku akwanelanga. Kuya kufuneka ukuba aqikelele iinjongo malunga nezinto eziphathekayo kunye neendleko zazo njengoko ezi zinto ziza kumkhokela kwisicwangciso sokusebenzisa imbewu nesichumiso.
Umvelisi-zimveliso ngamnye makaqondisise iinjongo ezizezakhe ngokwakhe. Ukubaluleka kokuseka iindawo ekujoliswe kuzo kwakhona zisenokuphinda zigxininiswe kanti kwakhona kufuneka kuboniswe ukuba kubalulekile kumvelisi-zimveliso ukuba acacelwe malunga neminqweno afuna ukuyiphumeza ngeshishini lakhe lokufama. Ukuba kukho naluphi ungquzulwano phakathi kwezi njongo, umvelisi-zimveliso yena ngokwakhe, makathathele ingqalelo izinto ezizingileyo kunye nesimo sokudalwa kwakhe aze acacise ukulandelelana kwezinto ezibalulekileyo kuye. Kwisicwangciso salo naliphi inyathelo elingaphaya okanye into ekujoliswe kuyo kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba le njongo engqalileyo okanye inyathelo liyangqinelana nolandelelwaniso lwezinto ezibalulekileyo kuye kananjalo nokuba lungena kakuhle kwiinjongo ezingangqalanga.
Yonke into ethethwe ngeenjongo kude kube lapha inokushwankathelwa ngomba omnye nje. Iinjongo zeshishini lokufama yinzondelelo yeyona nzuzo iphezulu ngobonelelo lokuba imithombo yobutyebi yendalo (umhlaba, amanzi, amadlelo, njl.njl.) zigcinwa ngendlela yokuba zisetyenziselwe ukuvelisa isivuno esiphezulu kwithuba elide.
Asungule izixokelelwano ezaneleyo zolawulo ukunika ingxelo ngenkqubela ukuze nawaphi amanyathelo okulungisa ayimfuneko ekufuneka ethathiwe ngexesha elilungileyo.
O - okukwaziyo ukwenzeka.
Ukuseka iinjongo kunxulumene negama elithi "yintoni" malunga nomsebenzi wasefama, ukuze ufumanise iimpendulo zombuzo othi "Yintoni esifuna ukuyiphumeza?
Ukuphumeza ngokwehektare izivuno ekujoliswe kuzo - oku kuthetha ukuba imveliso ngehektare nganye mayifike apho kujoliswe khona njengoko bekusekiwe kulwabiwo-mali lonyaka. Iindawo ekujoliswe kuzo ngonyaka zahluka ngokwahluka kwamashishini.
Qinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ezifumaneka ekugqibeleni zihlangabezana nemigqaliselo yommandla wentengiso - umphathi wemveliso kufuneka, umzekelo, aseke iinjongo zemveliso ukuphumeza iimfuneko zemimandla yentengiso. Oku kunokuba ngokwemigqaliselo yobukhulu, umbala okanye udidi lwangaphakathi.
Qinisekisa ukuba inkqubo iyalondolozeka - oku kuthetha ukuqinisekisa ukuba imo engqongileyo ayiphazanyiswa kakubi okanye ngokungeyomfuneko ziinkqubo zomsebenzi wemveliso, umzekelo imichiza yokutshatyalaliswa kwezibulali-zityalo, izichumiso njl.njl., ukuze kulondolozeke amanqanaba aphezulu omsebenzi wemveliso kwithuba lobomi bommandla okanye leshishini lemveliso.
Yiba soloko uphakathi kwesakhelo seMisebenzi eMihle yezoLimo (Good Agricultural Practices - GAP) I-GAP ikhuthaza unonophelo lokusetyenziswa kwemichiza ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabo bonke abasebenzi, ukusetyenziswa kwezitshabalalisi zezibulali zezityalo, izitshabalalisi zomngundo nezichumiso ngendlela yocwangco, ngokuqaphela nagokwenza izicwangciso, nokuqaphela kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ukuthintela umonakalo, ungcoliseko nokhukuliseko.
Iinjongo ezilandela ezisentloko zisenokusetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yokufama yabantu ngabanye, kodwa ukuhlangabezana neenjongo ezixelwe ngentla kuya kuqinisekisa impumezo epheleleyo yomsebenzi.
<fn>PulaImvula. Sunflower(opot).2011-04-07.xh.txt</fn>
Byline: Ulwazi lunga-lungiswe ukusuka kwincwadi yoqeqesho ngeMveliso kaJongilanga eseyikwiBanga eliPhambili.
Umlimi makaqiniseke ukuba ulawulo lomgangatho luqala kumabakala okwenza izicwangciso naphambi kokutyala kwaye lubandakanya nawaphi amanyathelo olawulo aya kuqinisekisa imveliso eyiyeyona ifanelekileyo.
Eminye imibandela efanele ukukhunjulwa nenokuba neempembelelo kumgangatho osekugqibeleni weenkozo ezivunwayo yile: ukulungiswa komhlaba, ubunzulu bomhlaba, ubumuncu (pH), ukulungelelana kweetyuwa, ukulondolozeka kokufuma, ukukhethwa komhlanganisela, isichumiso esilungileyo, ulawulo lwezitshabalalisi zezityalo kunye nokuvuna kwibakala elilungileyo ngokunjalo nokuphatha imveliso okufanelekileyo, kubandakanywa iindlela zokuyicoca, ukuyomisa nokuyilondoloza.
Ukuvuna ngumsebenzi omkhulu walo naliphi ishishini lokufama. Ukuvuna linyathelo lokuqala kwisixokelelwano esisemva kokuba nemveliso kubandakanywa ukuqhubela imveliso phambili, ukuyigcina nokulondolozwa kwesityalo esingujongilanga. Phakathi kwemimandla eyahluka-hlukileyo yemveliso eMzantsi Afrika ukuvuna, ukugcina nokuqhubela phambili imveliso kuquka imisebenzi ebanzi ukusuka ekucholeni nasekugcineni iintloko ezipheleleyo zikajongilanga eziza kubhulwa kwiifama ezincinci zide zibe ziinkozo ezisetyenzwe ngoomatshini ngokupheleleyo kwimisebenzi yokufama.
Oojongilanga bakholisa ukuhlanganiswa nesityalo esingumbona kunyaka oqhelekileyo ukususela ekupheleni kukaFebruwari malunga nembewu etyalwe kwangoko ukuya kuMeyi ngembewu etyalwe mva. Esi sivuno sikholisa ukugqitywa phambi kokuqaliswa kokuvunwa kombona. Oku kubalulekile kwimisebenzi emincinci xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifanayo ukuvuna oojongilanga nombona. Nawuphi umlimi unokusebenzisa umbhambathiswa onoomatshini abalungiselelwe umbona kunye/okanye oojongilanga. Ithuba eliphakathi kokuvuthwa nokuvuna maligcinwe lilifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze kucutheke iilahleko ngenxa yomonakalo owenziwa ziintaka nezifo ezibolisa iintloko.
Izityalo ezingoojongilanga ngokwendalo zivuthiwe xa umva wentloko ujike umbala oluhlaza wabamthubi (tyheli), nguquko leyo ekholisa ukwenzeka phambi kokuba iintloko zome ngokwaneleyo ukuba zivunwe. Oojongilanga abatyalwe mva baya kukulungela ukuvunwa kuphela emva kweqabaka etshabalalisayo kwiinyanga zokuqala zasebusika. Phambi kokuvuna sebenzisa i-meter yokufuma (moisture meter) ukubeka iliso kumanqanaba okufuma esityalo ngexesha okanye emva kwexesha lokuvuthwa okuyindalo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo sivunwe ngexesha elilelona lifanelekileyo. Ukuba akunayo i-meter yokufuma eyiyeyakho kunokuthathwa iisampulu rhoqo ngamathuba alungeleleneyo, zisiwe kumbhexeshi wesisele sefula wendawo ohlala kuyo, okanye ngokuzidibanisa nombhambathiswa onesixhobo sokuhlanganisa, ukuze enze isigqibo ngokuba ingaba linini ixesha elilungileyo lokuvuna.
Ukuze kucutheke ilahleko ephelisa ithemba ngexesha lokuvuna nelahleko eyenziwa ziintaka, oojongilanga banokuvunwa kwiziqulatho zokufuma eziphezulu njengama-20% ukuya kuma-25% baze bomiswe kwisixhobo sokomisa iinkozo bade babe kwisiqulatho se-9,5% esisiqulatho sokufuma esikhuselekileyo sokulondoloza ngemigqomo. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko eMzantsi Afrika zivana noojongilanga abome khonkqo emasimini phambi kokuvunwa. Mayisoloko ikhunjulwa into yokuba oojongilanga besiqulatho sokufuma esingaphezulu kwi-10% basisisulu esikhulu sokuhlaselwa kukuvunda.
Isantya sokuya phambili sesixhobo sokuhlanganisa sifanele ukuba phakathi kweekhilomitha ezintlanu nezisibhozo ngeyure. Isantya sokuya phambili esisesona sifanelekileyo siya kwahluka-hluka ngokwesiqulatho sokufuma sikajongilanga, isantya nesivuno sesityalo. Isantya sokuya phambili masincitshiswe ngokokucutheka kwesiqulatho sokufuma sembewu ukuze kuncitshiswe ilahleko ephelisa ithemba njengoko iintloko zingena kwisixhobo sokuhlanganisa. Izantya ezikhawuleza kakhulu zinokubakho xa ukufuma kweenkozo kuphakathi kwe-12% ne-15%.
Izantya eziphezulu mazingayihlohli ngaphezu kwesakhono sayo isilinda kanti indawo eyahlukanisayo iyahluza kwisityalo esinzima kakhulu. Iinkozo ezinokufuma kwe-12% ukuya kwi-15% ziya kubhuleka lula kakhulu xa zidlula kwisilinda.
Iintloko ezibhulwe ngokungaphelelanga phantsi.
Isithuba esigobongqo sivuleke kakhulu.
Imisila esikwe kakhulu.
Umqukuqelo womoya uphantsi kakhulu, kubhulwe kakhlulu kwisilinda/iphiko. Imingxuma yomququ mincinci kakhulu.
Inkunkuma eninzi emgqomeni wokungcilezisa.
Ukubhulwa okubaxiweyo, isantya sesilinda/sephiko siphezulu kakhulu, icala eligobongqo liqine kakhulu, ifeni iphantsi kakhulu, okanye isihluzi sibanzi kakhulu.
Iintloko ezaphukileyo okanye ezicumkileyo.
Izantya eziphezulu zesilinda/iphiko, isithuba esigobongqo esicuthekileyo.
Iinkozo ezicumkileyo kodwa ezinamakhasi angakrazukanga.
Isithuba esigobongqo siqine kakhulu.
Iinkozo ezingenamakhasi okanye eziqhekekileyo.
Izantya eziphezulu zesilinda/iphiko okanye ukutya okugqithisileyo okubuyiswayo.
Iintloko ezingabhulwanga eziphantsi.
Ukuqokelelwa okusilelayo phambili nakwizidibi.
Iinkozo eziphoseleka emva kwisixhobo esihlanganisayo.
Umqukuqelo wesantya/womoya, thoba isantya sikamatshini nesantya somqukuqelo womoya.
Iilahleko zesivuno ukusuka kwi-3% ukuya kwi-5% zinokufikelela kwi-10% okanye kwi-15% phantsi kweemeko ezimbi. Izixhobo zokuvuna maziqwalaselwe ukuba zisebenza kakuhle na ngokuvavanya ezona lahleko phambi nasemva kokuba isixhobo sokuhlanganisa sihlanganise umcu ovavanywayo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umlimi unako ukuqalisa ngokulawula isivuno, ulondolozo nesiqulatho ngendlela encomekayo, kubalulekile ukufumana ufikelelo kwisixhobo sale mihla sovavanyo lokufuma okanye ukuthenga esakho ukuba unesixa semveliso esikufaneleyo oko.
Iimvavayo zokufuma ezichanekileyo zibalulekile kulawulo nokuthengiswa kweenkozo.
Ukonakala kweenkozo xa zimanzi kakhulu zize zibekwe kubushushu obuphantsi okanye kwimigqomo eyomisa ngomoya oyindalo.
Iindleko zokomisa ezongezelelweyo nelahleko malunga nesixhobo sokuhlanganisa xa iinkozo zivunwe zisemanzi kakhulu.
Ukuncipha kokufuma neendleko zokomisa ezongezelelweyo.
Ukuze wenze iimvavanyo zokufuma ezichanekileyo qala ufumane isampulu emele yonke indawo.
Makufunyanwe isampulu emele yonke indawo phambi kokuvuna njengoko isiqulatho sokufuma soojongilanga abamileyo abangavunwanga sinokubonwa ngathi siphezulu kakhulu. Oku kwenza ukuba ukuvuna kwenziwe emva kwexesha kunakwangoko.
Vuna indawo encinci wandule ukuyivavanya.
Xuba iintloko ezikhiwe ngesandla neenkozo eziwe kwizityalo eziliqela ezikhethiweyo kuyo yonke intsimi. Yenza iimvavanyo ezintathu kule sampulu uze ujonge isiqhelo seziphumo.
Yisa isampulu yakho kumsebenzi wendawo yakho wesisele sefula ukuze enze uvavanyo oluchanekileyo.
Yenza amathuba ohlolo olwenziwa rhoqo emva kokuba iintloko zijike zaba tyheli ukuze isityalo sivunwe sikwisiqulatho sokufuma kweenkozo okukokona kufanelekileyo.
Mhlawumbi yeyona nto ibalaseleyo inokukhethwa ngumlimi okwinqanaba lokurhweba ngemveliso. Mininzi imigqomo ekhoyo yentsimbi egqunywe ngesinyithi yobukhulu bezakhono obusuka kwiitoni ezingama-30 ukuya kumashumi amawaka eetoni. Ukuba imali ayilingenanga izisele zefula ezimbalwa ezincinci zesakhono seetoni ezingama-30 zinako ukumiselwa kwaye ziyinxalenye yesixokelelwano sokuphathwa nokulondolozwa kweenkozo ezinokuyilwa kwasekuqaleni ukuze zibe sisiqalo sokusekwa kwesixokelelwano esimbaxa esilungiselelwe izixa zemveliso zomlimi kwixesha elizayo.
Imibandela neengqalelo zabalimi eziphembelela ukuvuna nokulondolozwa kweenkozo zixhomekeke ekubeni ingaba umlimi akanandawo yolondolozo na okanye indawo eyiyeyakhe yokulondoloza inxalenye yesityalo okanye wonke umbona oveliswe kuloo ndawo. Abalimi abakhulu mhlawumbi baneendawo ezilungiselelwe ukuphatha inxalenye enye kuphela yenkitha yesityalo esininzi esivelisiweyo. Iifama ezinkulu zithathe umhlaba owandlalekileyo kanti mhlawumbi kongiwa imali eninzi ukusa imveliso ngqo kwisisele sefula yorhwebo ukusuka entsimini ukuba iphathwe ukusuka entsimini ukuya kwisisele sefula esisefama kanti iseza kuphinda isiwe kwizisele zefula zorhwebo.
Ukuba uneendawo zakho zobonelelo zokuphatha iinkozo kuqukwa, ukucoca, ukomisa nemigqomo yolondolozo kulula ukuvuna iinkozo msinyane kangangokuba kunokwenzeka ukubhulwa kweentloko zikajongilanga, zicocwe, zomiswe, zilondolozwe zize zithengiswe ngelona xesha lifanelekileyo ngokuthatha ingqalelo yamalungiselelo enziweyo emimandla yentengiso kunye nokuthengisa. Ukuba isityalo sinokuvunwa msinyane kangangoko kunokwenzeka kunokuncitshiswa nayiphi imingcipheko yemozulu neminye yelahleko okanye umonakalo.
Oojongilanga abalinywe kwiifama ngaphandle kweendawo zobonelelo lolondolozo baya kusoloko bethuthwa kwangoko emva kokuvunwa ngezixa ezikhulu ukuya kwizisele zefula zendawo leyo. Umlimi kuya kufuneka alinde ukuba isityalo some ngokwaneleyo ukuze sisiwe kwisisele sefula sendawo ahlala kuyo. Iinkozo mazome nganeno kwe-10% ngokwemigqaliselo yegazethi malunga noojongilanga.
Gcina unxibelelwano nombhexeshi wesisele sefula sendawo ohlala kuyo ukuze ufumanise ukuba siyintoni isiqulatho sokufuma esisesona siphezulu esifanele ukuba kuso isityalo xa sisiwa kwisisele sefula. Kumaxesha onyaka esivuno esiphezulu umbhexeshi wesisele sefula akasayi kukwazi ukuphatha izixa eziphezulu zombona ezinesiqulatho esiphezulu sokufuma. Umbhambathiswa makaqale ukuvuna xa isiqulatho sokufuma iseso silungele ukuthuthwa kweenkozo kwangoko ukuze zilondolozwe.
Nangona kuluncedo ukuba neendawo zakho zobonelelo lolondolozo kukho imingcipheko notyalo-mali olukhulu olubandakanyekayo nolawlo lokuphatha, ukucoca, ukomisa, ukubulala izinambuzane, nokugcina isiqulatho sokufuma iseso sifaneleke kakhulu ngalo lonke ithuba lolondolozo.
Umlimi oselenayo ishedi yakhe yolondolozo okanye isisele sefula solondolozo imigqalaselo neenkqubo ezilandelayo ziya kunceda ekulondolozeni iinkozo ezizezakho ngempumelelo, phambi kokuthengisa isityalo.
Coca indawo yobonelelo lolondolozo. Coca ngononophelo ishedi okanye isisele sefula, imingxuma ekufakwa kuyo, izixhobo zokubhola nezithuthi, iifeni zokuzisa umoya, imijelo ngokususa nantoni eyinkunkuma esisithintelo neenkozo ezindala ezinokugcina izinambuzane okanye ukuvunda. Mazitywinwe iintanda nokuchachamba okunokuvumela izinambuzane, nokuvunda okanye ukufuma ukuba kungene kwindawo yolondolozo.
Cinga ngokusebenzisa unyango lwemiGqomo olwaMkelweyo ukuze kungangeni zinambuzane. Nyanga umphakathi wesixokelelwano solondolozo nangaphantsi nawo nawuphi umandlalo womgangatho ngokufaka umoya ngesitshizi sentsalela ukwenzela ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinambuzane. Qiniseka ukuba umchiza ubhaliselwe ukusetyenziselwa ujongilanga kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yeleyibhile ngokungqongqo.
Qiniseka ukuba iinkozo ezilondoloziweyo zicocekile kwasuswa zonke izinto kunye nomququ ongafunekiyo. Iinkozo zikajongilanga ezigcinwe zinenkunkuma engafunekiyo eninzi, amagqatyana eentyatyambo, iinkozo ezaphukileyo, imbewu yokhula njengoko naziphi kwezi zinto zenza yonke isampulu ukuba ibe sisisulu ngakumbi esezidalwanana zokuvunda neengxaki zezinambuzane. Konke oku kukholisa ukuba nesiqulatho sokufuma esiphezulu kwaye kungabanga ubushushu. Kucetyiswa ukuba kubekwe isixhobo sokucoca esifunxayo kwesi sixokelelwano emva kokusebenzisa isixhobo sokubhola imingxuma okanye isixhobo sokunyusa phambi kokuba iinkozo ezicocekileyo zilondolozwe ngezixa ezikhulu.
Izityalo zilondolozeka ngemfezeko xa zipholile, zomile kwaye zicocekile.
Londoloza kwisiQulatho sokuFuma esiKhuselekileyo. Iinkozo zikajongilanga mazilondolozwe ngokufuma kwe-10% nangaphantsi xa unesigqibo sokuthengisa isityalo kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuvuna.
Izixokelelwano zokuFakwa koMoya ziseNtloko. Ifeni yokufaka umoya yenzelwe ukupholisa ujongilanga. Iifeni mazicinywe xa imozulu inomoya ofume kakhulu okanye xa imvula isina.
Qwalasela iinkozo. Makuthathwe iisampulu zeenkozo zikajongilanga ngeveki nganye bude ubushushu beenkozo behle bufike kubushushu bolondolozo basebusika. Iisampulu mazithathwe qho ngeeveki ezine ebusika ukuze kube kanye ngeveki nganye ngeenyanga zasehlotyeni.
Qwalasela uJongilanga ingenguwo umgqomo. Xa uthatha isampulu ncula isicuku seenkozo zikajongilanga kwaye uqwalasele ubushushu, ukufuma, izinambuzane, ukungunda kunye neeyantlukwano zevumba ukusuka kuhlolo oludlulileyo. Ukuba okunculileyo kushushu khawuleza uthathe inyathelo lokushenxisa okanye ukujikelezisa wonke umgqomo weenkozo. Yiva, ujoje okanye ujikeleze umgqomo uwuncula kwiindawo ezahluka-hlukeneyo ecaleni ezantsi naphezulu emgqomeni ukuze ukubeka iliso kwimeko yeenkozo emgqomeni kuphelele.
Khawuleza uthathe inyathelo lokuHlangabezana neNgxaki. Xa ichongiwe ingxaki yisombulule ngokufaka umoya msinyane, shenxisa iinkozo uzise komnye umgqomo okanye kumgangatho weshedi okanye uzilayishe kwiilori ukuze zisiwe kwisisele sefula esisesona sikufutshane sorhwebo okanye kwindawo yabathengi.
Iinkozo zikajongilanga ezingagcinwanga phantsi kweemeko ezezizezona zifanelekileyo zingayilahleko enkulu yemali kumlimi. Izinambuzane eziphakathi kweenkozo ezigciniweyo kungenzeka ukuba sezikhona kwindawo yolondolozo phambi kokufakwa kokutya okanye zingene mva.
Coca indawo yolondolozo ngononophelo phambi kokuyihlohla.
Emva kokucoca iintsalela zesityalo esidala, uthuli nasemva kokusikhanda, sebenzisa isitshizi sentsalela ukunyanga umphakathi womgqomo kwiiveki ezimbini phambi kokuhlohla (landela imiyalelo namathuba okurhoxa yabenzi baso ukuthintela ukungcoliseka kokutya kwabantu nezilwanyana).
Kuthintele ukuziva ufuna ukuxuba isityalo esitsha nesidala.
Coca kwaye uqwalasele isixokelelwano sokusasaza umoya. Izinto ezingafunekiyo zinokuqokelelana kwimijelo ukuze zenzele izinambuzane imo ekhuthaza ukuzala kwazo zigqibele ngokuthintela umqukuqelo.
Imeko yeenkozo ezigciniweyo ixhomekeke ekuphilisaneni phakathi kweenkozo, imo ebanzi necekethekileyo ezingqongileyo kunye nentlaninge yezidalwa kubandakanywa izidalwa ezincinanana ezifana nezomngundo, izinambuzane, amangolwane, izidalwa ezizitho zine kunye neentaka ezinokuzihlasela. Iinkozo zikhupha umthombo obanzi wezondlo kanti ukonakala kwazo okubangwa zizidalwa ezikhankanywe ngasentla kubizwa ngokuba kukwetha kwendalo.
Ungcoliseko olwenziwa zizidalwanana zomngundo lunxulumene nobushushu (ngaphantsi kweqondo lika0Âº C ukuya kuma 50Âº eqondo C) beenkozo nakubukho bamanzi nomongo-moya (i-oxijini). Izidalwanana zomngundo zisebenzisa umphunga ophakathi kweengqalutyana, kanti ubuninzi bazo buxhomekeke kwimo yokulungelelana kwamanzi akhululekileyo phakathi kweenkozo (isiqulatho sokufuma kweenkozo) namanzi akwibakala lomphunga okufuphi nongqonge iinkozo.
Zibanga umonakalo esiqwini seenkozo nokulahleka kwezondlo.
Izenzo zokuzondla zikhokelela ekwandeni kwesiqulatho sokufuma nobushushu beenkozo.
Zisebenza njengabathwali bembewu yezidalwanana zomngundo.
Inkunkuma ephuma emizimbeni yezinambuzane namangolwane iba yindawo ekukhula kuyo izidalwanana zomngundo.
Umlinganiselo owandayo weenkozo ezaphukileyo ubunciphisa kakhulu ubomi bezityalo ezigciniweyo.
Izithabathi-nxaxheba ezingekho phambili kwinguqulo yokutya emzimbeni zezo mbumba ziveliswa zizinto eziphilayo kubandakanywa nezidalwanana zomngundo ezingabalulekanga malunga nokukhula kodwa ezinetyhefu ephezulu kwizilwanyana, ebantwini nasezityalweni.
Ezi tyhefu "mycotoxins" kwenziwe ufundo-nzulu olubanzi ngazo ukususela ngowe-1961 xa iqela leetyhefu ezinobungozi obuphezulu ii-Aspergillus flavus "ii-aflatoxin" zazikhethelwe bucala. Nasiphi isenzo esiphazamisa uzinzo lokuphilisana kwendalo siya kwandisa imveliso yezithabathi-nxaxheba kwinguqulo yokutya emzimbeni ezingekho phambili kubandakanywa neetyhefu zee-mycotoxin. Ezi zenzo zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwezichumiso nezitshabalalisi zezinambuzane, ukulima ngenjongo yezivuno eziphezulu neentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo ezimbalwa.
Iityhefu zee-mycotoxin zityholwe kwizifo ezibanzi zabantu kunye/okanye izifo zezilwanyana kwaye zifumaneka kwiintlobo-ntlobo zokutya okuziinkozo. Ukungena kweetyhefu zee-mycotoxin kunako ukwenza iimeko zokutyhefeka zethuba elifutshane nezethuba eliphakathi/elide ezisuka ekufeni ukuya kwiziphazamiso ezingapheliyo kwizixokelelwano zoluvo olusesizikithini, intliziyo nemithambo yegazi kunye nemiphunga nomjelo wokucolwa kokutya. Ezinye iityhefu zee-mycotoxin zibanga isifo somhlaza, isifo sokuguquka kwiziqalelo zofuzo kwaye zidodobalisa ukuzikhusela komzimba. I-aflatoxin yenye yeetyhefu ezaziwayo ezinobungozi kakhulu ezaziwa ngokuba zii-hepatocarcinogen (ezibanga isifo somhlaza).
<fn>PulaImvula. Sunflower.2008-02.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: Umbungu osikayo.
Photo 2: Impehla eyenza amachokoza emboneni.
Photo 3: Impehla yeHerpalus beetle.
Photo 4: Umonakalo obanzi wenzeka kwiintloko kanti uhlalselo olukhulu luya kuthoba inzuzo efumaneka kwimveliso kajongilanga.
Zezinye zezinambuzane kuphela ezifumaneka kwizityalo zikajongilanga ezinokuhlelwa njengezibulali zezityalo - zininzi izinambuzane ezinokufumaneka kwizityalo ezingoojongilanga ezingenabungozi kwisityalo. Izinambuzane ezibanga isothuso koojongilanga zezithi zitye imbewu etyaliweyo, izithole ezintshulayo, izithole ezihlumileyo, isityalo esiphuhlayo, iingcambu, okanye iinkozo eziphuhlayo.
Ulawulo lwezinambuzane luxhomekeke, ubukhulu becala kwizitshabalalisi zezinambuzane (imichiza enetyhefu kwizinambuzane), efuna ukufakwa ngexesha elichanekileyo, ngokomthamo ochanekileyo, kwaye eyona nto ebalulekileyo, kukuba ibe yityhefu echanekileyo engqale kwisibulali sezityalo esithile. Kukho imichiza ezizitshabalalisi zezinambuzane ebhaliselwe ukusetyenziswa kuzo zonke izinambuzane ezihlasela isityalo esingujongilanga - ukuba usebenzisa imichiza ebhalisiweyo ngokomthamo ocetyiswayo, unako ukuphantse uqiniseke ngeziphumo ezilungileyo. Indlela enobumbano yokutshabalalisa izinambuzane ikholisa ukuba yeyona inamandla ancomeka kakhulu - iindlela ziyahlanganiswa ukuze kunyathelwe amanani ezinambuzane ngokwenza njalo kuthintelwe umonakalo owenziwa zizinambuzane.
Kukho izinambuzane ezizondla kwimbewu nakwizithole umzk. Imibungu ebhijelayo, oophunguphungu bempehla eyenza amachokoza emboneni kunye nemibungu esikayo (xa sibala embalwa nje kuphela). Ezi zinambuzane zicutha amanani ezityalo ezihlumayo kanti ukuba azitshatyalaliswa isityalo kungafuneka ukuba siphinde sityalwe. Ukutshatyalaliswa okufanelekileyo kwezi zinambuzane kukholisa ukungabi naxabiso liphezulu kwaye yonke inkathalo mayithatyathelwe ukuthintela umonakalo kwisityalo kweli bakala lakwangoko.
Ukuhlakula ngexesha lasebusika kuya kuncedisa ekutshabalaliseni inkoliso yezi zinambuzane njengoko ebusika zihlala kwizityalo ezithile njengondwendwe kanti ezo zityalo zikholisa ukuba lukhula. Kwithuba elingangeentsuku ezingama-35 okanye ngaphezulu ngaphandle kwesityalo ezinokuhlala kuzo njengondwendwe kubhangisa iingxaki ezininzi ezinokuba khona.
Imbewu eza kutyalwa inokunyangwa ngesitshabalalisi sezinambuzane, okanye isitshabalalisi sesinambuzane sinokufakwa emseleni ngexesha lokutyala. Imibungu esikayo inokutshatyalaliswa ngokusasaza izithiyiseli ngaphezu komhlaba emqolweni. Intsimi yombona inako kananjalo ukutshizwa ngesibulali sezinambuzane esifanelekileyo.
Impehla eseyikhule ngokupheleleyo yamachokoza emboneni (astylus atromaculatus), Imibungu esikayo (Agrotis segetum), 'doodhouertjie' impehla (Protostrophus sulcatifrons) neentlobo zempehla ye-harpalus zibanga umonakalo omkhulu kwizithole kwaye zinokunciphisa amanani eentsimi ezinokuhluma okuphucukileyo zide zibe kumanqanaba emveliso angenaluqoqosho.
Umbungu waseAfrika onentloko engqukuva (Helicoverpa armigera) wenza umonakalo kwintloko kajongilanga kwaye unokunika indlela kusulelo kwiintlobo zosulelo ezifana ne- Rhizopus microsporus. Izinambuzane ezifunxayo ezifana ne-Nysius nataensis nazo zinokwenza umonakalo kwimbewu esaphuhlayo kajongilanga.
Iliqela imichiza etshabalalisa izinambuzane ebhaliselwe ukutshabalalisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinambuzane ezihlasela isityalo. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nengqiqo esulungekileyo yokuba sesiphi isinambuzane esibanga umonakalo, wandule ukusebenzisa umchiza ochanekileyo wokutshabalalisa izinambuzane ngesantya esifanelekileyo sokuwufaka kwaye ngexesha elilelona lichanekileyo. Oku kuyahluka ngokokuxhomekeka kwisinambuzane nakwibakala lophuhliso lwesityalo.
Ukusebenzisa utshabalaliso lwezibulali zezityalo kunokunciphisa iilahleko zezivuno, kodwa oko kuza neendleko kanti umvelisi kufuneka aqaphele iindleko ezinokuthelekiswa zonyango olo. Amanqanaba apho utshabalaliso lwezibulali zezityalo luba yimfuneko khona abaliwe - kukho inqanaba apho kubaluleke khona ukuchitha imali kutshabalaliso lwezibulali zezityalo kungenjalo umonakalo kwisityalo uya kuba ngaphezulu kwiindleko zonyango.
Asisosenzo esamkelekileyo ukutshiza umchiza otshabalalisa izinambuzane kwizityalo xa inqanaba lokuhlasela lingekafiki kumabakala axhalabisayo. Isizathu soku kukuba izidla-nyama zendalo ziyatshatyalaliswa ngale ndlela ukuze kwakheke ukumelana nomchiza otshabalalisa izinambuzane. Imichiza iyingozi kwimo eyingqongileyo yiloo nto kufuneka isetyenziswe xa iyimfuneko kuphela.
Ukuhlakula phambi kokutyala isityalo yindlela enempumelelo yolawulo lothintelo lwezinambuzane. Naxa kunjalo, amanqanaba ezinambuzane kufuneka alandelwe kufutshane ngoqwalaselo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ulawulo olufanelekileyo loqoqosho.
Xa kuthethwa gabalala kubalulekile ukusebenzisa indlela yobumbano yokutshabalalisa izibulali zezityalo - sebenzisa indlela eyiyona ifanelekileyo ngexesha elithile kwisityalo esithile. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinambuzane kwizityalo ngumba obaluleke kakhulu kulawulo lwezityalo njengoko kusilungele kakhulu isivuno ngokunjalo nempumelelo yoqoqosho malunga nemveliso.
Izifo zezityalo zinciphisa isivuno kananjalo nomgangatho wezityalo kwaye zisenokubanga iingxaki zempilo kwizilwayana okanye ebantwini abatya isityalo eso. Izifo zezityalo zibangwa yintsholongwane yomngundo, ziibhaktiriya neevayirasi. Ezi ntsholongwane zingachaphazela zonke iindawo zesityalo - iingcambu, izikhondo, amagqabi, iintyatyambo neentloko zembewu. Izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zifuna iimeko ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze ziphuhle.
Isifo sivela kuphela xa iimeko kwimo engqonge isityalo zilungile, kukho isityalo esingumamkeli, kwaye nesifo sikhona. Le miba mithathu inokubizwa ngokuba ngunxantathu wosulelo lwesifo. Ukuba kukho okungekhoyo kule miba, isifo asisayi kubakho. Isifo esibakho ngexesha elithile lonyaka kwindawo ethile sisenokungabikho kuyo yona loo ndawo kwixesha elizayo lonyaka nje ngenxa yokuba iimeko zemo engqongileyo azikho. Ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zegalelo kwimveliso kajongilanga, kukholisa ukungabi naluqoqosho ukutshabalalisa isifo ngemichiza. Izifo ezithile zisoloko zikhona kodwa aziphuhli kuba sukuba kukho icala elingekhoyo likanxantathu. Izifo zilawulwa ngemiqathango yothintelo. Iliqela imiba enokuthathelwa ingqalelo malunga nolawulo lwezifo ngothintelo.
Kuphuhliswe imihlanganisela ethile yezityalo ekwaziyo ukumelana nesifo. Naxa kunjalo, ukumelana nesifo kwenzeka malunga nesifo esithile kuphela ayibi kukumelana nezifo jikelele. Kubalulekile ukuchonga isifo esixhaphakileyo wandule ukukhetha owona mhlanganisela ufanelekileyo.
Ukutshabalalisa ngemichiza kufuna ukufakwa kwamayeza abhalisiweyo entsholongwane yomngundo neebhaktiriya ukwenzela isifo esithile phantsi kweemeko ezingqalileyo. Iindleko zeyeza maziqwalaselwe kuqala phambi kokufaka iyeza - kucetyiswa ukuzidibanisa nommeli ongoyena ukufutshane wemichiza kwezolimo okanye iqela lentsebenziswano kwezolimo ukuze ufumane icebiso ngokusetyenziswa kwemichiza.
Ukuhlakula umhlaba kubalulekile kulawulo lwezifo - ezinye izifo zigcinwa kwizikhondwana ezisentsimini kanti isixokelelwano sokuhlakula sifanele ukubandakanya ingqalelo yezifo ezithile ezixhaphakileyo.
Injongo yokujikelezisa izityalo kukuvumela ithuba elivakalayo lokucumka kwezinto ezivela kwizityalo. Kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi izifo ezamkelwa zeziphi izityalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ingxaki kuhlangatyezwana nayo ngojikeleziso oluthile lwezityalo.
Umhla wokutyala nawo uya kuba nophembelelo ekuxhaphakeni kwesifo esithile - ukutyala mhlawumbi kwangoko okanye emva kwethuba kunako ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhla kweso sifo.
Imiba engqalileyo yodandatheko inako ukuchaphazela izifo zesityalo. Imiba ebanga udandatheko kwizityalo ibandakanya ukufuma (okuphezulu kakhulu okanye okusezantsi kakhulu), ubushushu, ingqele, isondlo esingalungelelananga, ubumuncu bomhlaba kunye nomonakalo wezinambuzane.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezifo okukokona kulungileyo kufuna ukususwa komlenze kanxantathu wesifo omnye obona buncinci. Oku kufumaneka kakuhle ngokusebenzisa isixokelelwano sobumbano sokutshatyalaliiswa kwezifo.
Amaqhuqhutya abangwa yi-Septoria akholisa ukuphelela emagqabini.
Intsholongwane ebanga esi sifo isasazwa ziintethe zamagqabi kwaye iyingxaki ebalulekileyo kwindawo ye-Lowveld nalapho ingqolowa iveliswa khona. Izityalo zifumana usulelo msinyane emva kokuhluma, zinqaphele kwaye azisayi kuvelisa mbewu.
Mhlawumbi esi sifo sesona sibalulekileyo malunga norhwebo kwaye silawulwa ngojikeleziso lwezityalo. Uhlaselo olwenzeka kwizikhondo lubanga iindawo eziba buthathaka ezinkulu kwisikhondo ukuba ziphuhle ngaphezu komhlaba kanti oko kunokukhokelela ekugobeni nasekuxinaneni kwesityalo xa kukho imimoya emikhulu. Iintloko ke zithi zichukumise umhlaba ukuze oko kukhokelele kwiintlobo zosulelo oluhambele phambili lwemingundo phambi kokuqaliswa kokuvuna.
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Yinxalenye kuphela yezinambuzane ezifunyanwa kwizityalo zikajongilanga ezinokuhlelwa njengezinambuzane ezibulala izityalo. Izinambuzane ezinokuba yingozi koojongilanga zinokuzondla kwimbewu etyaliweyo, izithole ezintshulayo, izithole esezihlumile, isityalo esiphuhlayo, iingcambu kunye neenkozo eziphuhlayo.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinambuzane kuxhomekeke kwimichiza ebulala izinambuzane ubukhulu becala (imichiza enetyhefu kwizinambuzane). Kukho imichiza ebulala izinambuzane ebhaliselwe ukusetyenziswa kuzo zonke izinambuzane ezihlasela isityalo esingujongilanga. Indlela ehlanganiselayo yokutshbalalisa izinambuzane ikholisa ukuba yeyona incomekayo - kuhlanganiselwa iindlela zokucinezela amanani ezinambuzane kananjalo kucuthwa umonakalo owenziwa zizinambuzane.
Zizinambuzane ngezinambuzane ezizondla kwimbewu nasezitholeni umzk. imibungu eluvivane, imibungu yebhungane lamachokoza emboneni, imibungu esikayo njl.njl. (xa sibala ezimbalwa kuphela). Ezi zinambuzane zinciphisa amanani ezityalo ezihlumileyo kwaye ukuba ziyatshatyalaliswa kungafuneka ukuba isityalo siphinde sityalwe kwakhona. Ukutshatyalaliswa okufanelekileyo kwezi zinambuzane kuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni okuchanekileyo kwemichiza ebulala izinambuzane, ngakumbi xa kutyalwa.
Ukulima ngethuba lasebusika kuya kunceda ekulawuleni inkoliso yezi zinambuzane - ithuba leentsuku ezingama-35 nangaphezulu ngaphandle kwesityalo esingumamkeli kuya kugxotha ezininzi.
Imbewu ekufuneka ityaliwe inokunyangwa ngemichiza yokubulala izinambuzane, okanye umchiza wokubulala izinambuzane unokufakwa emseleni ngexesha lokutyala. Imibungu esikayo inako ukutshatyalaliswa ngokusasaza izithiyelo phezu komhlaba emqolweni. Intsimi yombona inako kananjalo ukutshizwa ngomchiza ofanelekileyo wokutshabalalisa izinambuzane.
Amabhungane aselekhulile awenza amachokoza emboneni (Astylus Atromaculatus), imibungu esikayo (Agrotis Segetum), amabhungane "e-doodhouertjie" (Protostrophus Sulcatifrons) and neentlobo zamabhungane e-harpalus zenza umonakalo omkhulu kwizithole kwaye zinako ukunciphisa amanani amasimi anika ukuhluma okuncomekayo ade abe kumanqanaba emveliso engenaluqoqosho.
Umbungu wentloko yesityalo waseAfrika (Helicoverpa Armigera) ubanga umonakalo kwintloko kajongilanga kwaye unokunika indlela ekhokelela kusulelo lweentlobo zosulelo lomngundo ezifana ne-Rhizopus Microsporus. Izinambuzane ezifunxayo ezifana ne-Nysius Nataensis nazo zinako ukubanga umonakalo kwimbewu esaphuhlayo kajongilanga.
Iliqela imichiza etshabalalisa izinambuzane ebhaliselwe ukubulala iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinambuzane nenamathela kwisityalo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba nengqiqo ehluzekileyo ngokuba sesiphi isinambuzane esibanga umonakalo ukuze ke kusetyenziswe umchiza ochanekileyo wokutshabalalisa isinambuzane ngenqanaba nangexesha elifanelekileyo. Oku kwahluka ngokohlobo lombungu nangokwebakala lokuphuhla kwesityalo.
Ukufaka isitshabalalisi sezibulali-zityalo kunokunciphisa iilahleko zesivuno, kodwa oko kwenzeka xa umvelisi engayoyiki inkcitho kuba eyithelekisa neendleko zokulungisa umonakalo osowukhona. Amanqanaba apho ukutshatyalaliswa kwezibulali-zityalo kuba yimfuneko khona abaliwe - kukho inqanaba apho kubaluleke kakhulu khona ukuchitha imali ngenjongo yokutshabalalisa izibulali-zityalo kungenjalo umonako okwisityalo uya kuba ngaphezu kweendleko zokuwulungisa.
Asisosenzo sivumelekileyo ukutshiza ngemichiza yokutshabalalisa izinambuzane phezu kwezityalo apho inqanaba lokuhlasela lingekafiki khona kumabanga axhalabisayo. Isizathu soku kukuba amarhamncwa endalo ayabulawa ngale ndlela ukuze kubekho ukumelana okwakhekayo nomchiza obulala izinambuzane.
Ukulima phambi kokutyalwa kwesityalo yindlela enempumelelo yolawulo lothintelo lwezinambuzane. Naxa kunjalo, amanqanaba ezinambuzane mawalandelelwe kufutshane ngoqwalaselo ukuqinisekisa ulawulo loqoqosho olufanelekileyo.
Kukho izityalo ezithile ezikwazi ngendalo ukumelana nezinambuzane ezithile - oku kuneenzuzo zethuba elifutshane kuba isityalo akunakubakho mfuneko yokusitshiza kanti iinzuzo zamathuba amade kukuba amanani ezinambuzane ayancipha kwithuba elide.
Xa kuthethwa gabalala kubalulekile ukusebenzisa indlela ehlanganiselayo yokutshabalalisa izinambuzane - sebenzisa nayiphi indlela eyiyona ifanelekileyo kwelo xesha kweso sityalo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinambuzane kwizityalo ngumba obaluleke kakhulu kulawulo lwezityalo njengoko kunesiphumo esibalulekileyo kwisivuno kananjalo nasekuphileni koqoqosho kumsebenzi wemveliso.
Izifo zezityalo zinciphisa isivuno nomgangatho wezityalo kwaye zinako ukubanga iingxaki zempilo yezilwanyana okanye zabantu abasebenzisa izityalo ezo. Iintsholongwane zomngundo, iibhaktiriya neevayirasi zibanga izifo zezityalo. Zona zinako ukuchaphazela zonke iinxalenye zesityalo - iingcambu, izikhondo, amagqabi kunye nezikhwebu. Izifo ngezifo ziphuhla phantsi kweemeko ezahluka-hlukeneyo.
Isifo sinokuphuhla kuphela xa iimeko zemo esingqongileyo zifanelekile, xa kukho isityalo esingumamkeli kuze kubekho nesifo. Le miba mithathu inokubizwa ngokuba ngunxantathu wosulelo lwesifo. Ukuba kukho nayiphi engekhoyo, isifo asisayi kuphuhla. Isifo esifumaneka kwixesha lonyaka elithile kwindawo ethile sisenokungabikho kuyo yona loo ndawo kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo ngenxa yokuba zingekho iimeko zemo ezingqonge isityalo ezifanelekileyo kuso. Ngenxa yokuba ziphezulu iindleko zamagalelo emveliso kajongilanga, kukholisa ukungabi naluqoqosho ukutshabalalisa isifo ngemichiza. Ezinye izifo zisoloko zikhona kodwa zingade ziphuhle kuba elinye kumacala kanxantathu lingekho. Ukusebenzisa iindlela zothintelo kuyazitshabalalisa ezi zifo. Kukho imibandela eyahluka-hlukileyo enokuqwalaselwa malunga nolawulo lwezifo ngokuzithintela.
Imihlanganisela ethile iphuhliswe ngendlela eyenza ukuba ikwazi ukumelana nezifo. Kodwa ke ukumelana oko sukuba ikokwesifo esithile ngoko ke asikokumelana nazo zonke izifo jikelele. Kubalulekile ukuchonga isifo esixhaphakileyo ukuze emva koko kukhethwe umhlanganisela ofanelekileyo.
Ukutshabalalisa ngemichiza kufuna ukufakwa kwalawo abhalisiweyo omngundo naweebhaktiriya malunga nesifo esithile phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Iindleko zokunyanga maziqale ziqwalaselwe phambi kokufaka iyeza.
Ukuhlakula kubalulekile kutshabalaliso lwezifo - izikhondwana ezisemhlabeni zigcina izifo ezithile kanti isixokelelwano sokuhlakula masibandakanye ingqalelo yezifo ezahluka-hlukileyo ezixhaphakileyo.
Injongo yokujikelezisa izityalo kukuvumela ithuba elifanelekileyo lokucumka kweenxalenye zezityalo. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba zeziphi izifo ezamkelwa zeziphi izityalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ingxaki iyaqwalaselwa ngomjikeleziso othile.
Umhla wokutyala nawo uba neempembelelo ekuxhaphakeni kwezifo ezithile - ukutyala kwangoko okanye emva kwexesha kunako ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhla kweso sifo.
Imibandela ethile yokuxozeka inako ukuphembelela izifo zezityalo. Imibandela ebanga iziganeko zokuxozeka kwizityalo ibandakanya ukufuma (okuphezulu kakhulu okanye okusezantsi kakhulu), ubushushu, ingqele, izondlo ezingalungelelananga, ubumuncu bomhlaba kunye nokonakaliswa kwezinambuzane. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezifo okukokona kufanelekileyo kufuna ukukhutshelwa ecaleni komlenze omnye obona buncinci bukanxantathu wesifo. Oku kuphunyezwa kangangoko ngokusebenzisa isixokelelwano sobumbano sokutshabalalisa izifo.
Amaqhakuva abangwa yi-Septoria akholisa ukuphelela emagqabini.
Iintethe zamagqabi zisasaza ivayirasi ebanga esi sifo kwaye siyingxaki exhalabisayo kwingingqi ye-Lowveld nalapho kuveliswa khona ingqolowa. Izityalo zifumana usulelo msinyane emva kokuhluma ukuze isityalo sinqaphele singaze sivelise iinkozo.
Mhlawumbi esi sesona sifo sitshabalalisayo phakathi kwezinye ezibalulekileyo kurhwebo kwaye silawulwa ngomjikeleziso wezityalo.
Ukuhlaselwa kwezikhondo kubanga ukuphuhla kweendawo ezinkulu ezibuthathaka kwisikhondo nje ngaphezu kwenqanaba lomhlaba kwaye zinokukhokelela ekugobeni nasekunamatheleni kwezityalo phantsi kwemimoya emikhulu. Iintloko zisula zichukumise umhlaba kwaye zinokukhokelela kwezinye iziganeko zosulelo phambi kokufika kwexesha lokuvuna.
Umonakalo omkhulu wenzeka entloko kwaye uhlaselo oluze ngamandla luthoba uqoqosho lwemveliso kajongilanga.
Esi sifo sinokwenzeka nanini ngexesha lonyaka kwaye sisasazwa ezikhondweni ngamathontsi amanzi. Izityalo ezinosulelo ziba buthathaka ngenxa yeentloko ezizele okungafanelekanga.
Esi sifo sibange iilahleko ezinkulu kurhwebo kwiminyaka esandul' ukudlula kwaye sikhokelele ekunamatheleni kwezityalo.
Umqondiso oluphawu kukubola okuthambileyo nokumdaka ngebala emva kwentloko.
<fn>PulaImvula. SunflowerProduction.2007-11.xh.txt</fn>
Oojongilanga zezinye zezityalo zembewu yeoyile ezizezona zibalulekileyo eMzantsi Afrika kanti ithuba labo elide linezityalo eziqhelekileyo zeetoni zeemetriki ezingama-650, 000.
Imbewu kaJongilanga yembewu yeoyile ephakamileyo ukufikelela kwioyile engama-44% yeyona yenza isixa esikhulu somsebenzi wemveliso. Imbewu kajongilanga yembewu yesiqulatho seoyile esisezantsi esiphakathi kwama-25% nama-38% isetyenziswa kwishishini lokwenza iiswiti neekeyiki ngokunjalo nesondlo seentaka. Oojongilanga banokuveliswa kwiinxalenye ezininzi zeli lizwe apho imvula igqithise ngama- 475 mm ide ifikelele kuma-675 mm ngonyaka ngamnye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kubekho umsebenzi wokuvelisa ujongilanga wesantya esilondolozekayo nakweyiphi indawo, umsebenzi wokuvelisa isityalo esi kufuneka ube nenzuzo. Ixabiso loojongilanga liphezulu kakhulu kweli thuba, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba lihlale liphezulu kwithuba leli xesha lonyaka obona buncinci.
Kufuneka kukhethwe imbewu yodidi oluphezulu, nesoloko ifana yepesenti yokuntshula ephezulu, intlambululo yeentlobo ngeentlobo eyaziwayo yomxutywa, nekhululekileyo kwimbewu yeentlobo ngeentlobo zokhula nezifo ukuze kunciphe imingcipheko kwimveliso. Imbewu ephuma kwimihlanganisela yohlobo oluphakamileyo ephuhliselwa ukuvelisa izixa zezivuno eziphezulu zeenkozo ayinakusetyenziselwa ukutyala kumaxesha onyaka alandelayo. Ezi ntlobo zembewu ziya kubuyela kuhlobo lwasendle lukajongilanga oluneentloko ezininzi kwaye azikulungeli ukuvunwa ngoomatshini kanti luba nemveliso yembewu esezantsi.
Ubukho bembalela yesizikithi sehlobo ukususela malunga nesizikithi sikaDisemba ukuya kwisizikithi sikaJanyuwari, esinokulindelwa kwinxalenye enkulu yommandla wemveliso kajongilanga, budlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqikelelweni komhla wokutyala. Njengoko ukudubula kweentyatyambo kuqubisana nenconcoyi yeemfuneko zamanzi zesityalo esingujongilanga, kwaye ikwalibakala apho isityalo siyivela kakhulu imbalela, ixesha lokutyala malikhethwe ngendlela eqinisekisa ukuba ukudubula kweentyatyambo akwenzeki xa ithuba lokufika kobushushu obomileyo liphezulu. Amathuba okungena kwiingxaki athi chatha ukuba makhulu xa imbewu kajongilanga ityalwa kuselithuba kwimihlaba apho umhlaba ongaphantsi wome khona. Xa iimvula zaphambi kokutyala zibe ntle, ibe nenkangeleko yomhlaba izele ntli kangangoko ngamanzi, oojongilanga abatyalwe kwangoko banethuba elincomeka kakhulu lokuqhuba kakuhle.
Isigqibo sokuba ingaba kufuneka kutyalwe kwangoko na okanye emva kwethuba siya kuxhomekeka ke ngoko kwizisele zamanzi asemhlabeni ngexesha lokutyala, ngokunjalo nakwimbali yobuzaza nokuphindaphinda kweembalela zesizikithi sehlobo. Kwelinye icala, umhla wokutyala awunakubanjezelwa kakhulu, njengoko ithuba elibaluleke kakhulu lokuzalisa kweenkozo sukuba lisenzeka xa ukuphuma kobushushu namanqanaba obushushu esetha, ukuze oko kubange ukucutheka okwendeleyo kwesakhono semveliso yesityalo.
Xa kuthethwa gabalala, imihla eyiyeyona ifanelekileyo yokutyala inokubonwa ngendlela elandelayo: kwimimandla ethande ukuphola yasempuma, ukususela ekuqaleni kuNovemba ukuya kwiveki yokuqala kuDisemba; kwiingingqi ezisembindini, ukususela kwiveki yokugqibela kuNovemba ukuya ekupheleni kuDisemba; kanti kwimimandla ethande ukoma yasentshona ukususela kwiiveki ezimbini kuDisemba ukuya kwisizikithi sikaJanyuwari. Mayikhunjulwe into yokuba ukutyala ngaphandle kwala maxesha kuya kucutha isakhono semveliso yesityalo.
Oojongilanga banokutyalwa kubunzulu obuphakathi ne-2,5 cm kunye ne-5 cm, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaba nomhla wokutyala. Ukutyala makuthande ukuba sidibi kwimihlaba enobunzima obuthe chatha ukuze kube nzulu kwimihlaba esabusanti. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba imbewu ityalwe emhlabeni onokufuma okwaneleyo ukuze ihlume. Kubalulekile ukudibana okuncomekayo phakathi kwembewu nokufuma komhlaba. Isixhobo sokutyala esithembekileyo sibaluleke kakhulu. Imbewu mayityalwe ngokulungelelana kanti ubunzulu kufuneka bufane kuzo zonke iindawo. Ukulungelelana kwesiza kubaluleke okwamanani okugqibela esityalo njengoko oku kunento yokwenza nokhutshiswano phakathi kwezityalo ezimeleneyo.
Inani lezityalo ekufuneka linikwe inkxaso ngendawo yomlinganiselo omnye lixhomekeke ubukhulu becala kwisixa samanzi asemhlabeni esifumanekayo. Amanani esityalo ngendawo yomlinganiselo omnye abaluleke ngaphezu kobubanzi obungqalileyo bomqolo. Amabanga emiqolo phantsi kweemeko zomhlaba owomileyo anokwahluka ukusuka kwi-0,91 m, ukuya kwi-2,1 m okanye kwi-2,3 m kuxhomekeke kwizixhobo zokusebenza ezikhoyo nohlobo lwesixokelelwano sokuhlakula esisetyenzisiweyo.
Amanani ezityalo aphantsi kakhulu ayasinyina isakhono sesivuno, kanti amanani aphezulu kakhulu akhokelela kudandatheko olwandileyo kwisityalo noluthi kananjalo lunciphise isivuno. Izityalo ezityalelwe kufutshane kunye zikholisa ukuba nomngcipheko owandileyo wezifo (njengokubola kwesikhondo) kanti nengxinano ixhaphake ngakumbi.
Amanani acetyiswayo ezityalo (obona buncinane bezityalo ezingama-20, 000 ngehektare nganye kuzo zonke iindawo).
Uphinyephinye lwemigca lubonisa ukushiywa kwezithuba kumqolo (ngenani elipheleleyo) ukwenzela isiza sasekugqibeleni njengoko kubonisiwe (I-hektare yindawo yeemitha ezili-100 ngeemitha ezili-100).
Kucetyiswa ukuba isixhobo sokutyala simiselwe ukutyala imbewu ethe chatha nge-10% kunesiza sezityalo sasekugqibeleni ekujoliswe kuso ukuze kubuyekezwe iilahleko ezibangwe kukonakala kwembewu, ukusilela kokuntshula, ukonakaliswa zizinambuzane okanye ukundindana emva kweemvula ezinkulu ngethuba lokuntshula. Ukuba isiza sasekugqibeleni sezityalo ezingaphantsi kwama-20, 000 siyaphawula ukutyala kwakhona kuloo ntsimi makuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ithuba lokutyala lisawa phantsi kwemida eyamkelekayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. SupportMaize.2009-01.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama kukunika inkxaso kubalingwa abanesakhono esibalaseleyo nabavele kwisixokelelwano samaqela ofundo-nzulu.
Aba bavelisi bafuna inkxaso yomntu omnye ngomnye malunga nesicwangciso somsebenzi wemveliso, ulawulo, izicelo zemali nokunika ingxelo njl.njl. Abavelisi abachongiweyo baya kuba nonyaka omnye wenkxaso egxininiswayo. Ngonyaka ngamnye kuya kuchongwa iqela elitsha labavelisi ukuze linikwe inkxaso baze emva koko bakwazi ukuziqhubela ngokwabo kodwa bafumane inkxaso ngomnxeba kubaphathi beengingqi. Xa umvelisi evelisa ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-250 ngonyaka, uya kunikelwa kubavelisi abarhwebayo baloo ngingqi - oku kwenzelwa ukukhawulezisa ubumbano lwabavelisi abamnyama kwicandelo labarhwebayo.
Abavelisi abayinxalenye yale nkqubo bonke bancediswa ngokwenza ipotfoliyo, ebandakanya isicwangciso seshishini sexesha elo lonyaka. Le potfoliyo inceda abavelisi ekufakeni izicelo zemali yetyala lomsebenzi wemveliso kumaziko ahluka-hlukeneyo. Abavelisi batyelelwa ngumququzeleli wephondo kanye ngenyanga obona buncinci obancedisa ngesicwangciso nangokulandela ngoqwalaselo imisebenzi yabo ukususela ekulungisweni komhlaba, ukuya ekutyaleni, ekuhlakuleni, ekutshizeni , ekuvuneni nasekuthengiseni.
Senze isigqibo sokuba inkqubela ekhokelela kurhwebo mayilandelwe ngoqwalaselo kwaye iwongwe ngoko ke kubekho umbhiyozo apho kumenywe khona amafama athile ukuba angenele iKlabhu yeetoni ezingama-250. Sibe noluhlu lwama-250 Ton, olwama-500 ton nolwama-1 000 Ton - amafama awongwa aza anikwa ''iibheji nto leyo ebonisa ukuba bangamalungu eklabhu. Sinethemba lokukwazi ukubonisa ishishini ukuba ngenene ikhona inkqubela eya kurhwebo.
<fn>PulaImvula. SurveyMaize.2010-02.xh.txt</fn>
Nceda thatha ithutyana uzalise uvavanyo olulandelayo.
Zonke iifomu zovavanyo ezizalisiweyo ziya kungeniswa kugqatso lwethamsanqa. Abaphumeleleyo kugqatso lwethamsanqa abali-10 baya kufumana ingobozi yembewu - enokulingana indima yehektare enye.
Umsebenzi wokufama uwenza kweliphi iphondo nommandla?
Umsebenzi wokufama uwenza emhlabeni omkhulu kangakanani?
Uwenza ngantoni umsebenzi wokufama?
Uyifumana ngazo zonke iinyanga iPula Imvula na?
Mangaphi amalungu ekhaya lakho afunda iPula Imvula?
Ufunda isixa esingakanani sePula Imvula?
Ucinga ntoni ngesimbo solwimi olusetyenziswa kwiPula Imvula?
Uyazigcina iikopi zePula Imvula zethuba elidlulileyo?
Ulwazi olukwiPula Imvula lubaluleke kangakanani kuwe?
Ungayibeka kowuphi umgangatho iPula Imvula?
Zeziphi izihloko onqwenela ukuba zichatshazelwe kwizabelo zexesha elizayo?
Yintoni enokwenziwa ukuphucula iPula Imvula?
<fn>PulaImvula. Sustainable.2009-12.xh.txt</fn>
Umsebenzi wokufama ngolondolozo: kutheni uthatha ithuba elide?
Sizabalazela ukuphuhlisa abalimi borhwebo abamnyama abaxhotyiswe ngezakhono abaya kukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wasefama ngokuzimela nangolondolozo. Kwimo engqonge ezoqoqosho yethuba langoku, oku kunzima ngokwaneleyo - nokuba sowuzinikele kwaye neenjongo zakho zizukile. Xa ezolimo eMzantsi Afrika kufuneka ziphumelele kwaye zilondolozekile, kufuneka sibe nenguquko enyanisekileyo kweli shishini ukuze sikwazi ukuthetha ngelizwi elinye elimanyeneyo.
Akukho nto ilula ngomsebenzi wokufama, kwaye abalimi kufuneka belawule umgama obanzi lo gama bezifaka kwimingcipheko emikhulu.
Amaxabiso aphantsi okutya okuziinkozo abeka uxinzelelo olugqithiseleyo kumba wenzuzo malunga nemveliso yezityalo.
Amanqanaba eenzala aphezulu naxa iindleko zoomatshini zinzulu kakhulu.
Abalimi borhwebo asebe namava nabo batsala nzima - xa kunjalo kubekela phi kubalimi abasaphuhlayo Bona batsala nzima nangakumbi?
Urhulumente anganceda njani?
Kweli banga, umba wenzuzo ngemveliso yokutya okuziinkozo umi ngendlela yokuba abalimi abasaphuhlayo abakwazi kuvelisa nakuphi ukutya okuziinkozo ngendlela yolondolozo. Sikholelwa ekubeni le asiyomeko isisigxina kwaye nawaphi amaxabiso ale mpahla aya kwanda. Naxa kunjalo, kwixesha elifutshane, kufuneka sinike inkxaso yemali kubalimi bokutya okuziinkozo ngendlela yobonelelo - mhlawumbi ukwenzela ukuncedisa ngeendleko zegalelo, okanye ngochatha kwiitoni eziveliswayo. Uncedo lwesixokelelwano sikachatha kwiitoni ezivelisiweyo luya kuba kukunika umbulelo kwabo basebenzileyo - le iya kuba yindlela yokuncedisa abo banesakhono nomdla wokuzinikela ekubeni ngabalimi abarhwebayo abapheleleyo.
Enye ingxaki enkulu abadibana nayo abalimi abasaphuhlayo yimeko yeetrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza - sifuna uhlobo oluthile lwenkxaso yemali ukuze abalimi bakwazi ukuncediswa ekubeni bazigcine zizitsha izixhobo zabo. Aliqela amasebe karhulumente anikela ngeetrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza kumaqela abalimi. Oku kunokuba sisisombululo sethuba elifutshane, naxa kunjalo, luninzi uqeqesho nempumezo efunekayo ukuze abalimi bafunde indlela yokulawula ezi zixhobo. Xa into iyeyeqela kwaye isetyenziswa lilo lonke, akubikho mntu uthwala uxanduva, engekho nonenkathalo - zininzi iziganeko apho isixhobo sokusebenza sithi besisezandleni zamaqela, saza asaphathwa kakuhle de siphelelwe sisakhono kwaphela. Esi asisosenzo solondolozo.
Abaphathi besolulo kufuneka bephinde baqeqeshwa, baxhotyiswe ngokutsha ngobuchule kwaye bakhuthazwe - baliqela aba bantu besolulo kwaye kufuneka bancedise abalimi emasimini.
Omnye wemiceli-mingeni emikhulu abajongene nayo abalimi abasaphuhlayo kukufikelela kwimali-mboleko yemveliso. Abaninzi banawo umhlaba, banoomatshini (abanye ke phofu abakho mgangathweni uncomekayo), bafumana uqeqesho kunye nenkxaso, kodwa bafuna imali. Isixa esipheleleyo sexabiso lokuvelisa isityalo siphezulu kakhulu - phakathi kwama-R4 000 nama-R5 000 ngehektare nganye (kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwesityalo, phi njl.njl). Siqala sibe nochulumanco olukhulu ngokuzibandakanya kumashishini ezolimo ngokunikela ngemali yemveliso kubalimi abasaphuhlayo, kwaye singaleka ngelizwi elithi asekhona amashishini athile anika inkxaso ngenene kubalimi ukuze bangene kurhwebo.
Ancedise abalimi ukunyusa umgangatho nokugcina iitrektara nezixhobo zabo zokufama.
Singathini ngokusetyenziswa kwababhambathiswa bezolimo?
Enye yeendlela ezizezona zilula zokujika umhlaba ube yimveliso kukubandakanya iinkonzo zababhambathiswa abakhulu bezolimo. Oku sekuzanywe amaxa ngamaxa, kanti isizathu esinikwayo kukuba umbhambathiswa uya kusetyenziswa kuphela kumabanga okuqala, ukuze emva koko umlimi azenzele umsebenzi wakhe ngokwakhe.
Umlimi akenzi nzuzo eyaneleyo ngohlobo lokuba akwazi ukuthenga iitrektara nezixhobo zakhe.
Ziindleko ezandileyo zomsebenzi wemveliso.
Imali echithwa emsebenzini wobhambathiso inokuchithwa phucukileyo kulondolozo nakunyuso lomgangatho weetrektara nezixhobo zabalimi.
Abalimi ababandakanywa kwinkqubo yokufama kwaye abaxhotyiswanga ngolwazi lokufama bebodwa.
Kwimo esingqongileyo yethu ebharhileyo, kukholisa ukuba kubekho ithuba elifutshane kakhulu kodwa eliyilingene kakuhle imisebenzi eyahluka-hlukeneyo yokulima. Xa kusetyenziswa umbhambathiswa kwindawo enkulu, kaninzi elo kroba alithathelwa ngqalelo nto leyo enokwenza ilahleko yesityalo kumlimi (ukutyala emva kwexesha, ukutshiza emva kwethuba).
Umbhambathiswa uhlawulwa ngehektare nganye kwaye umvuzo wakhe awuxhomekekanga kumgangatho womsebenzi wakhe awenzileyo - nokuba umlimi ufumene inzuzo okanye akayifumenanga, umbhambathiswa yena ufumana imali yakhe. Ulawulo lomgangatho womsebenzi yinto engekhoyo kakhulu - kwakhona ngenxa yobukhulu.
Bakhona abalimi abanesakhono abamnyama. Aba balimi bafanele ukukwazi ukuqesha umhlaba kwabanye mhlawumbi abangenamdla okanye abangenasakhono sokuzenzela umsebenzi wasefama. Kweli banga, ubukhulu bomhlaba okhoyo "uyalinywa" ngamashishini ezolimo ngoko ke awufumaneki kwabanye abalimi abamnyama. Abalimi abanesakhono kufuneka bakwazi ukusebenzisa lo mhlaba ukuze bandise imisebenzi yabo yokufama.
Malunga nabalimi abangenazixhobo kwaphela, impikiswano isekubeni xa besenzelwa umsebenzi wokufama banako ukuqokelela imali eyinkunzi eyaneleyo yokuzenzela umsebenzi wokufama bebodwa. Akukho bungqina obuxhasa le mpikiswano - imida yenzuzo kwimveliso yokutya okuziinkozo mincinci kakhulu kwaye ukusebenzisa ababhambathiswa kuzicutha ngakumbi iinzuzo.
Yintoni esikholelwa ukuba inako ukusebenza?
Bonke abadlali beendima mabasebenze ngengqiqo bazabalazele ukuphuhlisa abalimi - umsebenzi wokulima ubukhulu becala ugxile kubalimi kunokuba uphathelelene nomhlaba. Abalimi bafuna ukuzenzela ngokwabo umsebenzi wokufama "bangalinyelwa".
Umlimi makavunyelwe ukuqalisa ngento anayo - isiqalo esincinci emhlabeni omncinci sikhuseleke ngakumbi. Khumbula ukuba umntu ofuna ukusebenzisa intsimi yakhe ukwazile ukuziphilisa kwada kwalapho ngaloo ngeniso ebeyenza. Xa ke ngoku enokufumana inzuzo encinci ngehektare nganye emhlabeni okhoyo, leyo iya kuba nguchatha wemali abengekhe abe nayo. Ngokuqalisa kancinci kunyinwa imingcipheko, kanti ngokwenza okulungileyo ngendlela elungileyo, umlimi unako ukukhula ngokweentlobo zobuchule nangokuzithemba.
Musa ukunyanzela umlimi ukuba asebenzise umbhambathiswa kodwa mncedise umlimi malunga nolondolozo lwezixhobo zakhe, nokulima intwana anako ukuyilima ngokwakhe - kubhetele xa umlimi ewuqeshisa umhlaba angawusebenzisiyo, lo gama esakhula kwishishini.
Yinto ebalaseleyo ukulandela umlimi ngoqwalaselo - kodwa umcebisi onjalo akafanelanga kuba nguye nawuphi umntu. Umcebisi ngumntu onomdla wenene kuphuhliso lalowo amlandela ngoqwalaselo - umntu ozinika ithuba egqithisela ulwazi nobuchule, umntu onomonde nonika inkxaso. Ubudlelwana phakathi komcebisi/umcetyiswa kufuneka bulunge - busekwe phezu kokuthembana nokuhloniphana, kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba omabini amaqela akonwabele ukuzibandakanya kobu budlelwana, kuba kaloku buyiyo loo nto - ubudlelwana.
Bagcine abalimi benolwazi kwaye bezibandakanya ungabenzeli izigqibo eziphathelelene nabo kodwa ube ubashiye ngaphandle. "Akukho nto malunga nathi, ngaphandle kwethu" yintetho yomnye wemibutho ebhekiselele ebantwini abanokhubazeko, kanti nalapha ifaneleke kangangoko.
Ncedisa abalimi ngokwenza uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwefama yabo, iitrektara, izixhobo, oomatshini, imfuyo, amatyala, impahla yexabiso njl.njl. Kufuneka sibancedise abalimi kuyo yonke imiba kanti nabo kufuneka bafumane ingqiqo yako konke. Umzekelo, ingaba umlimi unawaphi amandla ekW, kwaye ingakanani intsimi anako ukuyilawula ngeso sakhono?
Qinisekisa ukuba umlimi uyinxalenye yenkqubo yoqeqesho nophuhliso. Ukuba ngabalimi abapheleleyo nabaxhotyisiweyo abarhwebayo yinkqubo ende kwaye maninzi amaziko anokuba nenxaxheba kule nkqubo.
Hlalutya umgangatho woqeqesho olunikwayo. Abanye abaniki-lubonelelo boqeqesho abaqinisekisiweyo abawenzi ngokuncomekayo umsebenzi wabo kuba nabo abanamava awaneleyo ngomsebenzi wokufama akunakuze uwufunde encwadini kuphela umsebenzi wokufama!
Gcina iprojekthi incinci kwaye ilawuleka. Abalimi abaphuhlayo bafuna ixesha nenkxaso, ke ngoko xa umsebenzi usuka ube mkhulu kakhulu, izinto azilungi ukuze ekugqibeleni ingaphumeleli iprojekthi. Iyancomeka into yokuba unike mhlawumbi abalimi abali-15 ukuya kwabangama-20, kwaye loo msebenzi uwuphathe kakuhle. Izicwangciso ezininzi apho abalimi bebengaphezu kwama-50 (ukususela ekuqaleni) zithe zasilela kuba bekungekho bantu balingeneyo bokujikeleza. Yakuba iqalisile iprojekthi, amanani angandiswa ngonyaka ngamnye.
<fn>PulaImvula. TopsoilMaize.2009-02.xh.txt</fn>
Isidubuli sesicatshulwa: "Umhlaba lilifa lohlanga lwabantu kwaye ububutyebi besizwe obuxabiseke kakhulu. Luyintsusa yako konke ukutya nesiseko sokulima. Nangona umhlaba wenziwe ngokucotha okungapheleli ndawo kwiinkulungwane zeminyaka, kulula ukuwonakalisa, kanti xa wonakalisiwe, awunakuze ubuyiselwe kwisimo sawo nangayiphi indlela. Kusifanele ke ukunonelela imithombo yobutyebi bethu yomhlaba ngenkathalo kangangoko size siwusebenzise ngobulumko, kaloku isizwe esinempilo sinokwakhiwa kuphela kwiimveliso zomhlaba onempilo." - JC Ross.
Umhlaba wenziwe ngokucotha okungapheleli ndawo kwiinkulungwane zeminyaka, kulula ukuwonakalisa, kanti xa wonakalisiwe, awunakuze ubuyiselwe kwisimo sawo nangayiphi indlela.
Akukho nto kwindalo emi ndawonye bhuxe. Iinkqubo zendalo, kubandakanywa ukhukuliseko, zizise ukubumbeka komhlaba ukusuka kumawa angoonozala. Kufuneka kwahlukaniswe ngokwesiseko phakathi kwesantya senguquko njengoko isenzeka kwindalo, nesantya senguquko eyenziwa kukungenelela komntu. Into eyenziwa yindalo kwithuba leminyaka engamakhulu-khulu, kanti neminyaka engamawaka-waka, umntu angayitshabalalisa phantse ngobusuku obunye ngenxa yokusebenzisa umhlaba nanjani nangeendlela ezingenalwazelelo zokwenza umsebenzi wokufama.
Ulawulo lokhukuliseko lunesiphumo seenzuzo ezifunyanwa ngumnini wabucala womhlaba kananjalo nomnini kawonke-wonke - kumnini-mhlaba ngokwemigqaliselo yolondolozo lomhlaba nokufuma, nakuwonke-wonke ngendlela yokuncipha kwamanqanaba okuphakama kwezikhukula, imisinga ecacileyo kunye nolondolozo olungephi lwemijelo yamanzi, iiblorho njl.njl.
Ukulahleka komhlaba nokuchuma.
Ukulahleka kwamanzi azibalekelayo.
Amasimi onakeleyo nomhlaba ongavelisi nto.
Ukuhla kwamaxabiso omhlaba.
Iingeniso ezihlileyo zasefama.
Inkxaso yamanzi enganelanga.
Zintathu izinto ezingamandla asebenzayo okukhukulisa ngamanzi, umoya kunye nomkhenkce. EMzantsi Afrika, siziduba kakhulu ngokhukuliseko lwamanzi ukuze sizikhathaze kancinci ngokhukuliseko lomoya. Ukhukuliseko lwamanzi luzibonakalisa ngeendlela ezimbini - ukuhlambeka okumtyaba nokuvela kwemifula.
Ngokwesithethe, xa kusenziwa umandlalo wezithole omhle, olungeleleneyo nogudileyo, umhlaba ubugudiswa ube kwisimo esikhululekileyo nesicolekileyo. (Kuhlakulwa nje kancinci njengesisombululo sanamhla sengxaki yomhlaba ongaphezulu olahlekayo). Ixesha lokutyala kananjalo likholisa ukuba lixesha lonyaka lokuxhaphaka kwemvula. Xa imvula isina ngamandla emhlabeni phantsi kwale meko, into ekholisa ukuyenza kukucukanisa umhlaba, kodwa ngokwenza njalo, uninzi lweengqalutyana zomhlaba ziyahluka-hlukana zize zikhululeke zihambe ngokudada. Msinyane emva kokuqalisa kwemvula, amanzi angasebenzisekiyo ayaqukuela ehle kanjalo ethambekeni, ehamba nomhlaba nesichumiso. Oku kunokuqhuba iminyaka ngeminyaka ngaphandle kokuqaphela komlimi umonakalo owenzekileyo kodwa kube kulahleke amakhulu ngamakhulu eetoni zomhlaba ngehektare nganye.
Kwiziganeko ezininzi ezinkulu, amasimi awagudanga kwaphela, emacaleni, kanti nokuvakala komhlaba esandleni akude kufane ncam kuyo yonke indawo. Amanzi anomkhwa wokuqokelelana enze iintlanjana msinyane emva kokuqukuqela kwincochoyi, ezi ntlanjana zihlangana phambili zenze imijelo ethande ukuvuleka. Ukuba ithambeka lide ngokwaneleyo, imijelo evulekileyo ihlangana ngaphambili yenze imigxobhozwana endulini encinci, sonke esi simbo sifana namasetyana, amasebe kunye nesikhondo somthi - oku kubizwa ngokuba kukwenzeka kwemifula esabuminwe.
Akuba amanzi eqalisa ukuqukuqela ngokomjelo othile, amandla okhukuliseko esixa esithile kwithambeka elithile ayanda kakhulu. Yakuba imifula esabuminwe seyiqhubele phambili kangangokuba imijelo yamanzi ingabisakwazi kulungiseka, ukhukuliseko selufike kwimeko yokwenzeka kwemifula. Oku kwenzeka okukhawulezayo kwemifula kunako ukudlakazelisa phantse lonke icala lentsimi kwaye kwenze ukuba wonke umhlaba ungakulungeli ukulinywa.
Izizukulwana zexesha elizayo zithembele kuthi ukuba siwulondoloze umhlaba ukwenzela ukufumana imveliso yekamva. Ngokuphathwa ngobunono, ukhukuliseko lomhlaba lunako ukunqandwa ngokwenza njalo siya kuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okulondolozekayo komhlaba.
<fn>PulaImvula. Track.2010-01.xh.txt</fn>
Injongo yeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama kukuseka nokulawula iiplothi zeemvavanyo apho abalimi babona khona iinzuzo zokulungisa umhlaba ngokuchanekileyo, ukufaka isichumiso, ukukhetha izityalo eziyimihlanganisela, ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula nezibulali-zityalo kunye nokuvuna.
Sikwazile ukuseka iiplothi zeemvavanyo ezingama-46 zeemvavanyo zemiboniso-nkcazo kuwo wonke ummandla onikwa inkonzo yinkqubo. Injongo yeemvavanyo kukubonisa eyona ndlela yokusebenza ebalaseleyo - isichumiso/kungekho sichumiso, isantya sokufaka imbewu esichanekileyo/ kakhulu kangangoko okanye kancinci kakhulu; ukutshatyalalisa kokhula okulungileyo/kungekho kutshatyalaliswa kokhula. Ezi mvavanyo zilunge ngakumbi kubalimi ababopheleleke kwindawo ethile nabangafundanga ncam kuba zibonisa iinkqubo nezinto eziluncedo ekwenzeni izinto ngendlela elungileyo nangexesha elichanekileyo, phantsi kweemeko ezifana nezo zibachaphazelayo.
Iintsuku zamafama zinika ithuba elingummangaliso kubadlali beendima abasentsimini ukuba babonise kwaye bathethe nabalimi. Ezi ntsuku zibandakanya abasebenzi abakwinkqubo yethu, ngokunjalo nabameli abavela kumaqumrhu anika inkxaso yamagalelo, amashishini ezolimo, ababoneleli ngeinshorensi yezityalo, ababoneleli ngemali njl.njl. Kulo lonke ithuba lezemali, siqhube iintsuku zamafama ezingama-65 - ukuphumelela ukuza kwezi ntsuku bekusahluka kusuka kwi-8 ukuya kuma-250 abalimi.
<fn>PulaImvula. TractorsMaize.2009-03.xh.txt</fn>
Ixesha lonyaka lomsebenzi wemveliso yasehlotyeni ligqithile ngoku kwiindawo ezininzi kwaye iitrektara zenu zifanele ukuba zisebenze kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba nifumana isivuno. Ngoku lixesha lokuzinika uqwalaselo ukuze zikwazi ukunincedisa kwakhona kwixesha lonyaka elizayo.
Qinisekisa ukuba akukho zindawo zivuzayo nakweyiphi imibhobho yamanzi okanye kufutshane nempompo yamanzi.
Qwalasela imeko yemibhobho yamanzi uze uqiniseke ukuba ayivakali njengeziponji ngenxa yongcoliseko lweoyile.
Qwalasela isivingco seradiyetha uze uqinisekise ukuba umtywino usekwimeko elungileyo. Xa kungekho zindawo zivuzayo kwisixokelelwano kanti nenqanaba lamanzi lisezantsi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba isivingco sifuna ukutshintshwa kufakwe esinye.
Kubalulekile ukuba ufunxe isixokelelwano sokupholisa ngonyaka ngamnye ukuze utshintshe isinqandi-kukhenkca ufake esinye. Khumbula ukuba ubusika buyeza kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ube nesixokelelwano esitsha sesinqandi-kukhenkca.
Qiniseka ukuba uthengela itrektara yakho isinqandi-kukhenkca esichanekileyo, musa ukuxuba izinqandi-kukhenkca zemibala eyahluka-hlukeneyo, zahlukile.
Qiniseka ukuba imeko yebhanti lefeni ilungile - akukho mathanda. Qwalasela ukutsala nzima kwebhanti. Ukuba kukho amabhanti amabini, kodwa linye ekufuneka litshintshiwe ngenxa yaso nasiphi isizathu, kufuneka uwatshintshe omabini ukuze ilelo lithwale ukutsala nzima okulingana nokuthwele lelinye.
Qwalasela naziphi iindawo ezivuza kwiitanki ze-diesel kwisixokelelwano siphelele ukuya kwizingenisi.
Qiniseka ukuba itanki icocekile uze uqwalasele nesihluzi phakathi kwetanki.
Tshintsha izihluzi ze-diesel zokuqala nezilandela ezokuqala ufake ezinye.
Coca isinqandi samanzi. Kubalulekile ukugcina itanki ye-diesel izele yi-diesel kuba xa kukho umoya etankini, ukufuma okusemoyeni kuyabumbana bube ngamachaphaza amanzi etankini. La manzi anako ukonakalisa impompo yakho yokungenisa.
Qiniseka ukuba amathuba okunika inkonzo kwitrektara yakho - asenokuba lixesha lokutshintsha ioyile yakho yenjini nesihluzi kufakwe ezintsha.
Ukuba lixesha lokutshintsha ioyile yesixhobo sakho se-differential neoyile esebhokisini yegiyeri, khumbula ukutshintsha nezo zihluzi ngokunjalo qaphela ukuba isixokelelwano esisebenza ngamanzi sisebenzisa yona loo oyile, uze uqwalasele neendawo ezivuzayo kwesi sixokelelwano ngokunjalo.
Xa itrektara ikwimo yokusebenza kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba akukho zindawo zivuza ioyile kwisihluzi okanye iplagi yesiphathi sokuvuzela.
Khangela naziphi iindawo ezivuzayo nemitywino evuzayo - ezi ndawo mazitshintshwe kufakwe ezinye.
Thambisa ngamafutha zonke iindawo ezinikwa inkonzo (kwivili lokuqhuba nakweminye imibelana efakwa igrisi).
Qwalasela izihluzi zomoya uze uqiniseke ukuba azivuzi kwaye zicocekile - zitshintshe ufake ezinye ukuba azikho kwimeko elungileyo.
Qwalasela isicoci somoya esinxulumene nemibhobho uze uqiniseke ukuba zonke izinqakri ziqine nkqi.
Ibhetri - Ibhetri iphelele kufuneka icoceke. Qiniseka ukuba inqanaba lamanzi / lee-electrolyte lilungile ukuze ukuba akunjalo, yongezelela amanzi acociweyo (afumaneka kwiivenkile zeebhetri). Susa iikheyibhile kwibhetri uze uzicoce nazo neetheminali zebhetri. Buyisela iikheyibhile uze uzithambise iitheminali ngegrisi encinci ukunqanda ukukhuhleka ngenxa yeasidi. Qinisekisa ukuba kukho ukuchukumisana okulungileyo phakathi kwekheyibhile ye-negative kwinjini nekheyibhile ye-positive ekwi-starter.
Qinisekisa ukuba iingcingo zombane azinagrisi naoyile kwaye zivaleleke emkhonweni (oku kwenzelwa ukukhusela iikheyibhile ebushushwini, ekukrwelekeni nakwiintlobo zolwelo).
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izikhanyisi ezilumkisayo neegeyiji ziyasebenza - xa uswitsha itrektara ukuba idume, kufuneka zikhanyise. (Ioyile kunye nezikhanyisi ze-alternator ziya kukhanya xa injini iduma, ukuze xa iqala iqhutywa itrektara zicime - kanti ezinye zezikhanyisi ziya kukhanyisa xa kukho ingxaki).
Qwalasela zonke ii-fuse rhoqo.
Amathayara makabe kwimeko elungileyo - kungabikho mathanda, imisikeko okanye amaqhuma.
Qwalasela uxinzelelo uze uqinisekise ukuba izizinzo zamathayara angasemva ekufuneka zinamanzi zimi ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Khangela imizila yamavili aqhutywayo - xa amathayara selegudile, uya kufumana imizila etyibilikayo nto leyo eya kwenza ukuba umsebenzi wakho ungancomeki.
Jonga isimbo semizila yamavili aqhubayo ngokuqaphela uze uqinisekise ukuba iya kwicala elifanelekileyo.
Intsebenzo-matshini yokuqhuba isesichengeni sokonakala okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iibhushi, iibheringi, imiphetho yokubophelela kunye nebhokisi yokuqhuba zikwimeko efanelekileyo. Iinxalenye ezonakeleyo zenza ukuba itrektara ingazinzi endleleni iye ngapha nangapha - oku kuyingozi kakhulu njengoko itrektara ingakwazi kulawulwa ngumqhubi, kanti yonakalisa amathayara ngendlela engeyomfuneko.
Ziliqela iipleyiti zokhuselo ezikwitrektara (zikholisa ukupeyintwa ngombala wetrektara). Injongo yezi pleyiti kukukhusela umsebenzisi kanti zenzelwe neenxalenye ezishukumayo. Ezi pleyiti zikholisa ukungaqini, okanye zingabikho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ezi pleyiti ziqhotyoshelwe zaqina kwitrektara kanti iibholiti ezincinci maziqwalaselwe rhoqo.
Makunikwe ingqalelo yohlobo olulodwa kwi-draw bar ukuqiniseka ukuba ihleli kakuhle. Sebenzisa ubudeki obuchanekileyo bezikhonkwane xa utsala izixhobo kunye nezileyi zokulayisha (trailers) njengoko bonke ubunzima besixhobo esitsalwayo buthwalwa sesi sikhonkwane sincinci naziibholiti ezibambisa i-draw bar kwitrektara. Iingozi ezininzi zibangwa kukungahoywa kwe-draw bar.
<fn>PulaImvula. Training.2008-07.xh.txt</fn>
<fn>PulaImvula. Training.2009-12.xh.txt</fn>
IGrain SA inika luphi uqeqesho?
INkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA inenjongo yokuphuhlisa abalimi abamnyama abarhwebayo nabanezakhono. Umsebenzi wokuvelisa umbona, oojongilanga, ingqolowa namazimba ubandakanya izenzo eziphambili zomsebenzi wokuvelisa, ukuthengisa, ukusetyenziswa koomatshini nolawulo.
Imibandela enxulumene nomhlaba kunye nokukhathalelwa komhlaba.
Izifundo zokuqala esiziphuhlisileyo kwinkqubo yethu zezi: "Intshayelelo ngeMveliso yoMbona", "Intshayelelo ngeMveliso kaJongilanga", "Intshayelelo ngeMveliso yamaZimba", ngokunjalo "Intshayelelo ngeMveliso yeNgqolowa", kwaye ziquka imibandela yemveliso ephambili.
Njengomlimi osaphuhlayo, sicebisa ukuba uqalise ngesifundo esinye kwezi zifundo, kuxhomekeka nakwizityalo ezilinywe kwindawo ohlala kuyo. Ukuba akuqali ngesi sifundo, uza kuzibona utsala nzima ngokulawula iziqulatho zezifundo ezilandelayo nto leyo eya kuthoba isantya sokuqhubela phambili kwabanye abafundi kwiqela lakho.
Isixa solwazi esikhoyo malunga nomsebenzi wokufama ngokurhweba sikhulu, kwaye ngophuhliso lwesifundo ngasinye, sifumana ubunzima bokwazi ukuba zinto zini esinokuzishiyelela kwizifundo njengoko kusuka kube kuninzi kakhulu ekufuneka kufundiswe ngomba ngamnye ngethuba lezifundo. Kukwakhona iziseko esibone ukuba kufuneka zibandakanywe kwibanga ngalinye. Siqaphele ukuba asikwazi kubandakanya yonke imiba ebalulekileyo ephathelelene nemveliso kunye nokuthengisa kwizifundo zebanga lokuqala, ngoko ke saphuhlisa "Izifundo zeBanga eseliPhambili ngeMveliso yoMbona neNtengiso".
I-inshorensi yezityalo nolawulo lwemingcipheko.
Izifundo zeBanga eseliPhambili ngeMveliso yoMbona zinobugcisa obuthe vetshe ngakumbi malunga nokuchuma komhlaba kunye nobumuncu bomhlaba. Ukuba kufuneka uzuze ulwazi olunzulu malunga nezi zifundo, kufuneka ukuba ube ubuyile kwizifundo zebanga lentshayelelo, ngoku ube sowunayo imveliso yokutya okuziinkozo okuthengiswayo. Ezi zifundo enyanisweni azizozifundo zomlimi wezixa ezincinci okanye olimela ukuziphilisa.
Baninzi kakhulu abaphathi besolulo abasebenzela amasebe ahluka-hlukeneyo ezoLimo kwaye kufuneka banikele ngenkonzo yesolulo kubalimi. Ngelishwa, uninzi lwaba bantu abanalo uqeqesho okanye abanamava kumba wemveliso yokutya okuziinkozo. Abanye baneziqinisekiso zemfundo ezaneleyo kodwa abanawo amava omsebenzi, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini wokufama. Siphuhlise izifundo ezithi, "Intshayelelo yeziFundo zabaPhathi beSolulo ngeMveliso yoMbona". Sesizinike abaphathi besolulo abaninzi ezi zifundo kwaye sigxininise kakhulu kwicala lokwenza umsebenzi wemveliso yokutya okuziinkozo - sikholelwa ekubeni oku kube namandla eempembelelo ezibanzi ekunikweni kweenkonzo ngaba baphathi besolulo.
Omnye wemiba ebaluleke kakhulu ngemveliso yokurhweba ngombona ubandakanya iitrektara nezixhobo. Sifumanise ukuba imeko yezixhobo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngabalimi abasaphuhlayo ikumgangatho ophantsi kakhulu wokusebenza - yiloo nto kwabakho izifundo ezithi "ULondolozo lweeTrektara neziXhobo zokuFama".
Ezi zifundo zinyanzelekile kuye wonke ubani ocinga ukuba ngumlimi orhwebayo - kufuneka uzazi kakuhle izixhobo zakho ukuze ukwazi ukuzikhathalela. Ukusebenza ngoomatshini abalungileyo yenye yezinto ezisentloko malunga nemveliso yokurhweba. Akusayi kuze ube ngumlimi wolondolozo orhweba ngokutya okuziinkozo xa ungaziphathi kakuhle ngokwaneleyo iitrektara nezixhobo zakho.
Sifumene ingqalelo yokuba abalimi abancinci abaliqela; ngakumbi eMpuma-Koloni abangenazo iitrektara noomatshini abangababo (Isicwangciso sesiBhadlalala sokuTya seSebe lezoLimo eMpuma-Koloni sisebenzisa ababhambathiswa abebesoloko bengawenzi kakuhle umsebenzi). Sifumanise ke ngoko ukuba kungaba yinto entle kubalimi bombona ukufumana izifundo ezinokubanceda ukuba yande ingqiqo yabo malunga nababhambathiswa malunga nemibuzo yokuba "kutheni nokuba phi" malunga nemisebenzi eyahluka-hlukeneyo.
Ababhambathiswa ubukhulu becala abawunyusi umgangatho wabo womsebenzi ngendlela enqwenelekayo.
Naxa kunjalo, kukho iziganeko apho amasimi abalimi emancinci kakhulu, ngoko ke kungabikho mfuneko yokuba netrektara ukuze ukusetyenziswa kwababhambathiswa kube yimfuneko xa kunjalo. Sinethemba lokuba nokunikela ngezifundo zabaBhambathiswa kubabhambathiswa bezolimo, baya kukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuyenza kakuhle imisebenzi yokulima, ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo, ngamaxesha afanelekileyo nangokwexabiso anako ukulihlawula umlimi. Ukuba umlimi akahlawuli, nombhambathiswa akasayi kuba nekamva leshishini.
Phambi kowe-1994, inkoliso yabalimi abamnyama babelima kwiindawo ezazihlala abamnyama kwithuba langaphambili. Emva kowe-1994, abalimi abaninzi abatsha baqala bafikelela emihlabeni yokufama. Ngelishwa, abalimi abaninzi babengenalwazi/abanalwazi lobugoci-goci bomsebenzi wokufama nokuba asinguwo wonke umhlaba ofanele zonke iintlobo zokulima. Sinamava okuba abalimi bafuna ukulima umbona kuzo zonke iindawo zaseMzantsi Afrika, apho iintlobo zomhlaba nezimbo zokuna kwemvula zingawukhuthaziyo umsebenzi wemveliso onenzuzo. "Izifundo ngesiCwangciso sokuFama noVavanyo lwemiThombo yokuSebenza" zaziyilelwe ukuncedisa abalimi ngokuvavanya imithombo yokusebenza abanayo nokwenza isicwangciso sokuba ingaba bangayisebenzisa njani ukuze benze umsebenzi wokufana onenzuzo nolondolozo. Ngenxa yokuba sesisebenze nabalimi abathile ngokusebenzisa amaqela ofundo-nzulu kwiminyaka ngeminyaka, sikwazile ukuqalisa "iNkqubo yamaFama ekwiBanga eseliPhambili" encedise abaququzeleli bamaphondo malunga namanani athile abalimi ngabanye ngabanye. Nalapha sifumanise ukuba abalimi abakakwazi ukusebenzisa imithombo yobutyebi abanayo ngendlela ebalaseleyo, kwaye bafuna inkxaso ukuze bagqalisele kwimibandela esentloko eyenza umsebenzi wokufama onempumelelo.
Imiba yomsebenzi esentloko.
AmaSebe ezoLimo ePhondo anamanani amakhulu abaphathi besolulo abanolwazi oluthile lwezifundo zokufama, kodwa abaphantse ukungabi nalo kwaphela ulwazi lokusebenza okanye iintlobo zobuchule. Ngalo lonke ithuba loqeqesho lwabalimi, sisebenze kufutshane neSebe lezoLimo kwaye nabo sibanike izifundo ezininzi. Ngokoluvo lwethu, xa sinokuxhobisa abaphathi besolulo ngolwazi oluyimfuneko, siya kukwazi ukuncedisa abalimi abaninzi ngakumbi size sibakhokelele kumsebenzi wemveliso yokurhweba. Asibadibanisi abalimi nabaphathi besolulo ngamathuba ezifundo njengoko abaphathi besolulo basuka bangakuthakazeleli ukubuza imibuzo esidlangalaleni sabalimi. Nangona zonke izifundo zethu zibandakanya imiboniso ebukelwayo ngamathuba asemva kwemini, sifumanise ukuba abaphathi besolulo bebengekakwazi amaqondo emilinganiselo nohlalutyo xa beyekwe bodwa. Ngoko ke siphuhlise.
Ukwenza amaqondo esitshizi se-boom nolondolozo.
ezinokubancedisa ekuqondeni iziseko zokukhandwa kwenjini.
yonqongophalo lwabo lolwazi malunga nokukhandwa kwenjini kunye neetreyini zamandla ombane.
Kufanele ukugxininiswa apha ukuba izifundo ezisisiSeko sokuKhanda injini azenzi linge lokunika uqeqesho ngezokukhanda ngokubanzi. Ezi zifundo zityhilela umfundi kuphela ngeenxalenye ezahluka-hlukeneyo zenjini nokuthi xa zizonke zidibana njani ukwenza injini. Ukukhanda injini ngumsebenzi wobugcisa obuphezulu kakhulu kwaye ngabantu abanoqeqesho oluqinisekisiweyo kuphela abafanele ukukwenza oko. Ukukhandwa kwenjini nebhokisi yeegiyeri kunexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu kanti kulula kakhulu ukuchitha imali xa ungenasakhono sipheleleyo.
Njengayo nayiphi inkqubo, njengoko abantu besiya ngokutyhileleka ngomsebenzi owenziwayo, kuvela ezinye iimfuno. Baliqela abalimi kwisiphaluka saseTaung/Hartswater abanofikelelo kunkcenkcesho, nakwezinye iindawo zaseMntla-Ntshona naseFree State. Nangona iziseko zemveliso yombona zifana, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ingaba utyalwa emhlabeni onkcenkceshwayo okanye owomileyo na, kanti ikhona neminye imibandela eyongezelelweyo ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. Siphuhlise ezinye izifundo ezifakelweyo, "IMveliso yoMbona phantsi koNkcenkcesho", ngokunjalo "IMveliso yeRhasi phantsi koNkcenkcesho".
Umbona/irhasi phantsi konkcenkcesho.
Njengoko umlimi eya ngokuphuhlela ukurhweba, ukubaluleka kolawulo olulungileyo olujoliswe kwiinzuzo luya ngokubaluleka kangangoko.
Imiba yolawulo ngokubanzi.
Xa siphinda sikhangela iingxaki ezinkulu abajongene nazo abalimi abasaphuhlayo, siphawula ukuba sizamile ukuqwalasela ezi ngxaki ngezi zifundo siziphuhlisileyo.
Ukungabikho kwenzuzo kwimveliso yokutya okuziinkozo kumhlaba owomileyo eMzantsi Afrika (umda weemposiso mncinci kakhulu).
Isicwangciso seFama noVavanyo lweMithombo yokuSebenza.
Unqongophalo lolwazi, iintlobo zobuchule namava.
Imveliso yeRhasi Phantsi koNkcenkcesho.
Unqongophalo lwemali yemveliso.
Isicwangciso seFama noVavanyo lweMithombo yokuSebenza.
Ukungabikho koomatshini abaneleyo bokusebenza.
Ukukhanda okusisiSeko kweNjini.
Ulawulo lweFama ngenjongo yeeNzuzo.
<fn>PulaImvula. TrainingMaize.2009-02.xh.txt</fn>
Caption: Add info at bottom of table, see training.
<fn>PulaImvula. TyresMaize.2008-09.xh.txt</fn>
Amathayara wona ngokwawo anobugocigoci ngenxa yokuyilwa kwamaqoqo awo okwahluka-hlukileyo, iintlobo zesakhiwo awo, amaqondo omthwalo nesantya kunye nobukhulu bawo ekufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo.
Inqaku elikwikhasi le-9 belijolise ekuthengeni amathayara asefama alungele umsebenzi athengelwa wona kunye neemeko zokusebenza, kodwa ngoku ujongene noluhlu olupheleleyo lwemiba yobuchule ethe kratya omawuyiqwalasele. Apha sichaza imiba yobuchule esentloko malunga namathayara.
Xa siqala ngokwakhiwa kwethayara, zimbini iintlobo ezinokuqwalaselwa; elixwesayo okanye elimakha-sangqa. Axwesayo (akwaziwa njenganqamlezisayo) amavili anophawu lwemicu eyomelezayo equkuqela inqumle ngokuxwesa kwiengile yamaqondo angama-30 ukuya kumaqondo angama-40, ukuze umcu ngamnye ongenelelayo okanye umaleko wemicu oya kwicala elichaseneyo. Oku kuvelisa isimbo se-criss-cross esifihlwe phantsi kwemicu yethayara, esiyilelwe ukunika iimpawu zokutsala nokuhlala ithuba elide, lo gama umzimba wethayara ukhuselekile.
Xa kuthelekiswa, kwithayara elimakha-sangqa, imiphindo yomcu owomelezayo woluleka ngokwe-engile yamaqondo angama-90 ukuya kumgca osesizikithini sethayara, ukuze ingenelele kwimiqukumbelo macala ethi itywine ithayara emphethweni kwaye alibambe libe sendaweni yalo. Phezu komphezulu ngqo kwimiphindo emakha-sangqa naphantsi kweqoqo, libhanti lobude obupheleleyo lemiphindo eliqela yemicu okanye intsimbi efikelela kububanzi obupheleleyo bethayara.
Iiyantlukwano ezicacileyo nezibonakalyo phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini zamathayara kukuba isakhiwo esixwesayo sinika uphawu lobume obungqukuva obubanga usasazo loxinzelelo olungalungelelananga kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokundindana komhlaba. Amathayara angamakha-sangqa anobume obusikweri obudala indawo yokuhlangana nomhlaba enobukhulu obuthe chatha, usasazo loxinzelelo olulungelelana ngokuthe kratya kunye nokungenelela emhlabeni okunciphileyo.
Malunga nomgangatho wokusebenza, amathayara axwesayo, afana naweGoodyear Dyna Torque II, asebenziseka lula kakhulu kwaye ayaxolela kunjalo nje awanabugocigoci kwaye akhandeka lula - nto leyo ebalulekileyo xa uzenzela imisebenzi yokukhanda (Do It Yourself - DIY). Isakhiwo esithande ukuphucuka sethayara elingumakha-sangqa, elifana nelo likuluhlu oluthandwa kakhulu lakwa Goodyear le-Optitrac sifuna umsebenzi wokukhanda othande ukuba ngowobungcali, kodwa linika ukutsala komgangatho ophezulu kakhulu, uzinzo, ukumelana nokuhlatywa, ukumelana nokuqengqeleka, ukomelela, ukuhlala ithuba elide kunye nokunika ulonwabo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba amathayara angumakhi-sangqa naxwesileyo mawangaze asetyenziswe kwiasi enye, njengoko oko kuya kuveza iimpawu zokuquba ezahluka-hlukene kakhulu, ukuze oko kukhokelele ekulahlekeni kozinzo nokonakala kukamatshini.
Nawaphi amathayara angaphawulwanga kanje 'akukho tyhubhu' mawafakelwe ityhubhu kwaye nangona ukukhandwa kweendawo ezithile ngeepetshi kunika indlela yokulungisa elula nenexabiso eliphantsi, mayibonwe njengento yethutyna njengoko ipetshi inokubanga ukulahleka koxinzelelo lwethayara okwenzeka kungangxamanga okanye ngesiquphe, kanti oko kunokuba neziphumo zokhuseleko ezixhlabisa ngkumbi. Iityhubhu zisenokusetyenziswa kumathayara angenatyhubhu xa kukho ukuvuza emphethweni okanye ukulahleka komoya okwenziwa kukonakala okungephi kwiindawo ezitywiniweyo kumukumbelo wethayara.
70 - umlinganiselo okanye imbonakalo yecala yomba.
138 A8 - Isalathi somthwalo 138 (2 360 kg) ngokwesantya sama-40 km/h (A8), nto leyo ethetha ukuba ithayara linokuthwala umthwalo oxeliweyo ngesantya esithile. Qaphela ukub imigangatho yomthwalo eyahluk-hlukileyo inokusebenza xa isetyenziswa njengethayra lokutsala, okanye njengethayara lokuphumeza ukuqengqeleka okukhululekileyo.
Njengakuyo yonke imibandela yamathayara, ukuba kukho ukuthandabuza, zidibanise nengcali yamathayara akwaGoodyear ngolwazi oluthe vetshe.
<fn>PulaImvula. TyresMaize.2008-12.xh.txt</fn>
Ukuqhuba efama kuya kuzisa uluhlu olupheleleyo lweemeko zokusebenza - yonke into ukususela ekulimeni amasimi ukuya ekutsaleni iinqwelo ezirhuqwayo kwiindlela ezifakwe itha. Ngokokwahluka kwezi meko, kukho imithetho ethile ebalulekileyo elandelayo.
Malunga namathayara, amanye kumanqaku asentloko angqamanisa uhlobo lwethayara kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo (udaka, isanti ethambileyo, njl.njl.), ngokwesiseko sezikhokelo zomenzi wesithuthi malunga nobukhulu bethayara, imigqaliselo kananjalo okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuqhelanisa ukuzala kwethayara ngokomthwalo nendima esetyenzwayo.
Kaloku ngumoya nje okwithayara kuphela onika isakhono sokunyamezela umthwalo, kanti abenzi bamathayara abafana nabakwaGoodyear baqikelela izantya zomthwalo ezizezona zikhulu ngethayara ngalinye, ngokwemida yesantya esingqalileyo.
Ukulayisha isithuthi kakhulu ngaphandle kokulungelelaniswa koxinzelelo lomoya kuya kubanga umonakalo nokuxozeka okukhulu kwethayara, ukuze oko kunciphise ngamandla umgangatho walo wokusebenza kunye nethuba lalo lokuphila.
Ithayara elilayishwe kakhulu nokuba linomoya omncinci liya kutyeka, okanye ligobe, kanobomi phantsi kwezi meko, linokude licandeke kwindawo ephezulu kudonga olusemacaleni, ukuze lonakale msinyane emagxeni akwicala langaphandle. Xa empontshwe kancinci ngokungalinganiyo okanye ingamathayara anqamleziswe iintambo aba sesichengeni ngakumbi samaqhina xa ephantsi kweemeko zokuqhuba eziwajijayo, ngokwenza njalo konakale isiqu sethayara. Kanti uxinzelelo olusezantsi kakhulu nalo lunokukhokelela ekuphuncukeni kwethayara kwirim yalo, kukrazuke ivalvu ukuze iphume kumathayara anetyhubhu ngokwenza njalo konakala ngokubanzi amajikojiko ethayara.
Kwelinye icala, ukumpompeka kakhulu kulenza ngqukuva kakhulu ithayara, ukuze ukonakala kwenzeke ngakumbi esizikithini. Oko kukwanciphisa indawo yethayara edibana nomhlaba ukuze oko kuchaphazele ukutsaleka ngendlela engafanelekanga lo gama kusanda ithuba lokutshebeleza kwevili nto leyo eyonakalisa imisonto ize ikrazule umhlaba.
Ukuba unyanzelekile ukuqhuba itrektara kwithambeka lenduli, uxinzelelo lokuzala kwamathayara malunyuswe kude kube ngama-30 pesenti ukusuka kuxinzelelo olusisiseko (kuxhomekeke kwithambeka) ukuze kufumaneke uzinziso oluthe chatha. Oku kubhekiselelwa kumathayara angasemva kuphela - ithayara lethambeka elehlayo elihamba lodwa ukuba kuqhutywa kubhekiswa kwicala elinye, okanye kuwo omabini ukuba asebenza ngokubolekisana ngamacala asingise kuwo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukunika inkxaso kuxinzelelo olunciphayo okanye olwandayo xa utshintsha iimeko zokusebenza, njengokuxhuzula inqwelo erhuqwayo okanye isixhobo sokusebenza, okanye xa uqhuba kwindlela enetha ngesantya esiphezulu.
Xa uxinzelelo lomoya luxhalabisa, ukusebenza ngethayara lwezixa zomoya ezahluka-hlukeneyo kunokuba neempembelelo ezahluka-hlukeneyo ezinkulu ekubambeleleni nasemhlabeni. Njengoko umhlaba osezantsi, izakhiwo zezityalo nezeengcambu zibaluleke ngakumbi, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ithayara elikhulu noko (ngokobubanzi kunye/okanye ngokwesangqa) elisebenza kuxinzelelo olusezantsi.
Oku kuya kwenza ukuba isithuthi sikwazi ukuthwala umthwalo olinganayo nalowo wethayara elincinane elikuxinzelelo oluphezulu, kodwa libe linciphisa ukuqingqa intsele enzulu emhlabeni, okanye oko kwaziwa ngokuba kukugangatheka.
Kwangaloo ndlela, kummandla onesanti eninzi obu bume bethayara buya kuvumela ukutsaleka okomeleziweyo njengoko ithayara lisasaza umthwalo kwindawo enkulwana ukuze 'udade' ngempumezo phezu komhlaba kunokuba litshone ngenxa yawo.
Ukusebenza ngemo yokuqhuba ngamavili amane (ukuba akhona) kuyacetyiswa kwiimeko zokubambelela okuyekeyeke, kodwa makuthintelwe kwimigaqo enetha okanye kwimiphezulu yegrabile erhabaxa kakhulu njengoko isenza ukonakala okungalungelelaniyo kwamathayara angaphambili, oko kwenza ukuba isithuthi singajikajikeki ngokwaneleyo ukuze oko kubeke udandatheko olongezelelweyo kwiinxalenye zesithuthi.
<fn>PulaImvula. TyresMaize.2009-01.xh.txt</fn>
Amathayara asefama awanaxabiso liphantsi, kodwa kukho imithetho ethile ebalulekileyo ekufuneka ilandelwe ukuze kukhuselwe ulwandiso-mali lwakho kwaye komelezwe ubomi bethayara.
Ukuqhuba ngamathayara ampontshwe umoya kakhulu okanye kancinci kukhokelela ekonakaleni okukhulu, kongezelela ukuxozeka esiqwini sethayara kuze kubange ukusilela kwangaphambi kwexesha - senzo eso esineendleko eziphezulu kakhulu!
Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuwaqhelanisa amaqondo oxinzelelo lwethayara ngokweemeko, nokuqwalasela amaqondo oxinzelelo lokumpontshwa rhoqo. Oku makwenziwe kanye okanye kabini ngeveki, kananjalo khumbula ukulungisa amaqondo oxinzelelo xa elungiselelwe imithwalo enzima okanye imisebenzi engqalileyo.
Ngaxeshanye, hlola isimbo semisonto nasemacaleni ukuze ukhangele ukonakala okubonakalayo okanye izimbo zokonakala ezingaqhelekanga, njengoko oku kunokwalatha ukugqabhuka, uxinzelelo lokumpompeka okungachanekanga, iingxaki zokungazinzi okanye unxulumano lwevili lokuqhuba elingalungelelananga.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ithayara libaleka ngoxinzelelo olufanelekileyo kuya kunika ukutsala okufanelekileyo, ukunyamezela okomeleziweyo, isakhono esandisiweyo sesibaseli kwaye kuya kwenza kube lula ukuchonga iziganeko zokugqabhuka zexesha elizayo okanye ukuvuza. Khumbula ukuqwalasela uxinzelelo xa ithayara libanda, phambi kokuba itrektara okanye isithuthi siqhutywe, njengoko ubushushu obuyilwa ngexesha lokuqhuba buya kwandisa uxinzelelo nembonakalo efundwayo engachanekanga.
Ukukhandwa kwamathayara - sebenzisa i-pro!
AbakwaGoodyear bacebisa ukuba ukufakwa kwamathayara nokukhandwa kwawo makwenziwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe ngobuchule, njengoko kungumsebenzi oyingozi. Umzekelo, ukuba iintsinjana zamathayara azihlelanga kakuhle emphethweni, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lomoya phakathi kwethayara lunako ukwaphula intsinjana okanye umphetho ngamandla adubulayo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuhlala ngendlela engachanekanga kunokwenza ukuba ithayara lisonteke emphethweni kwiimeko zokujija eziqatseleyo, ukuze oko kubange ukonakala kwethayara, umhlaba kunye nesithuthi.
Uhlanganiselo lwamathayara namavili malubekwe kakuhle endlwini yokhuselo njengenyathelo lokuqaphela ngethuba lokuhlohla umoya. Apho kutywinwe ityhubhu yethayara eligqabhukileyo khona, oku makubonwe kuphela njengokukhanda kwethutyana.
Musa ukuphinda uhlohle umoya kwithayara eselimcaba okanye ebelimpontshwe kancinci kakhulu phambi kokuqala ulikhuphe evilini uze uhlole umonakalo okanye cela ukuba liqwalaselwe - lize likhandwe yingcali yamathayara.
Eminye imiba esentloko efanele ukukhunjulwa yile: yiba soloko uvale ivalvu yethayara ngesivingco sothuli; kwaye musa ukubetha ithayara okanye umphetho ngehamile xa uhlanganiselo luphantsi koxinzelelo; ungaze usebenzise ityhubhu efakwa ethayarini enkulu okanye encinci kunexeliweyo; kuthintele ukusebenzisa iityhubhu ezigosogoso okanye ezishwabeneyo; namathela kuphela kwicebiso lomenzi womphetho malunga namabakala obukhulu; kananjalo ungaze uzame ukwenza umsebenzi ngeyakho indlela, okanye utywine ngokutshisela, ufudumeze okanye utywine ngesinyithi imiphetho eyonakeleyo.
Nangona abakwaGoodyear besebenzisa izinto esezikwibanga eliphambili ezithintela ukonakala kwethayara, irabha ifane ifunxe ioyile, igrisi, isibaseli nezinye izinyibilikisi, kwaye umgangatho wayo usuka uthotywe ngakumbi bubushushu nakukukhanya.
Ngoko ke, amathayara makagcinwe epholile, ecocekile kwaye ekwindawo engenakukhanya, makabe kude kwabanye oomatshini abafana nezithuthi iijeneretha oomatshini bokutywina njengoko i-ozone ekhutshwa zizixhobo ezilolo hlobo ibanga amathanda kwirabha, ukuze ekugqibeleni, kubekho ukusilela kwesiqu sethayara. Kwangolo hlobo, hlamba nayiphi imichiza isuke emathayarini emva kokusebenzisa itrektara kwimisebenzi yokutshiza.
Xa ulondoloza amathayara agxunyekwe emiphethweni, kodwa angekho kumatshini, nciphisa uxinzelelo lube kwishumi le-psi wandule ukulilondoloza limi ngomsonto ojonge phezulu. Amathayara angekho miphethweni anako ukucukaniswa ngokulungelelana kwamacala awo, kodwa makangayi phezulu kangangokuba kubulaleke ithayara elisezantsi.
Ukuba umatshini okanye isixhobo silondolozwe kumathuba amade, faka iibloko phantsi kwesithuthi ukuze amathayara asuke emhlabeni. Ukuba oku akukwazi kwenzeka, yandisa uxinzelelo lwesiqhelo lwethayara ngama-25% ukuze kunciphe ubumcaba kwaye kufuneka umana usishenxisa isithuthi kumathuba athile ukunciphisa ukuxozeka kwendawo yethayara ethe nca phantsi.
<fn>PulaImvula. Value.2008-09.xh.txt</fn>
Ngokwesithethe, ixabiso lentsimi lalisekwe kwisakhono sayo sokunika imveliso yezolimo. Kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni enene amafama isengawo athenga kakhulu inkoliso yomhlaba wokulima apho imbuyekezo yemisebenzi yokulima iyiyo enika ingqikelelo esentloko yexabiso lefama.
Izantya zenzala zangoku eziphezulu nokuba zisezantsi nazo zineempembelelo kubalimi njengoko amafama amaninzi esebenzela phezu kwemali eyinkunzi ethile okanye ebolekwe ngokuphelela kwayo. Iinzala kwimali eyinkunzi kwizakhiwo zefama nezinto eziphuculwayo nazo zineempembelelo ezibalulekileyo kwixabiso lomhlaba wefama.
Ngokungena kumalungiselelo okwbelana ngokuvelisa izityalo nabanye abalimi.
Inzuzo yethuba elide eyinkunzi enxulunyaniswa nokwanda kwexabiso lentsimi kwithuba elithile.
Ezi nzuzo zethuba elide zikwaxhomekeke kwiimbuyekezo ngokwepesenti ezivela ekusetyenzisweni ngendlela enika imveliso, kwaye ziye zifumane iimbuyekezo eziphezulu nezisezantsi kuqoqosho ngokwemijikelo yexesha ethubeni. Xa kuthethwa gabalala amaxabiso athande ukwanda ethubeni kwaye umkhwa wehlabathi kukuba umhlaba onika imveliso mawuphathwe zizandla ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima kubangeniswa abatsha ukuba bakwazi ukufumana umhlaba kwithutyana elifutshane nokuwuhlawulela ngemveliso encomekayo. Kodwa ke oku kuyahluka xa intsimi inako ukufunyanwa ngobonelelo (lweLRAD), okanye ngelifa, okanye ngemali-mboleko enezantya zenzala ezinikwa inkxaso njengoko kunjalo ngesicwangciso esitsh esindululweyo seSebe leMibandela yeMihlaba esibizwa ngengeSicwangciso sokuFumana uMhlaba Kuselithuba (Proactive Land Acquisition Scheme - PLAS).
Ukuqeshisa umhlaba kuguqukile, ukususela kwindlela yamafama asaqalayo ukungena kwezolimo ukuya kwindlela yamafama aselenesiseko ukufikelela kumhlaba owongezelelweyo ukuze bandies amashishini abo omsebenzi wokufama. Oku makuqwalaselwe nzulu kakhulu kwintsimi edityanelwayo apho kukho khona umhlaba omkhulu ongasetyenziswayo kanti ngaxeshanye kukwakho amafama ancomekayo aliqela afuna umhlaba othe chatha apho anokufumana khona inzuzo ngomsebenzi wokufama. Ukurhafela umhlaba kuvumela amafama ukwandisa ishishini ngaphandle kokuba netyala nokuqokelela imali eyinkunzi enxulunyaniswa nobunini.
Khumbula: yinto enako ukwenzeka ukwenza umsebenzi wokufama ngaphandle kokuba ngumnini womhlaba ngokuwuqesha, ukuba kumhlaba odityanelweyo okanye ukwabelana ngomsebenzi wokulima izityalo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Vat.2010-04-01.xh.txt</fn>
Irhafu Eyongezelelwe Kwixabiso (VAT) - ingaba kufuneka ubhalisile?
Kwiminyaka emine edlulileyo, sipapashe amanqaku aliqela malunga ne-VAT. Sifumanise ukuba nangona kunjalo, bambalwa kakhulu abalimi ababhalisele iVAT.
Ndiza kufumana ntoni xa ndibhalisa?
Iindleko zamagalelo emveliso yezityalo ziphezulu kakhulu kwaye abavelisi mabenze konke abanokukwenza ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso. Enye yeendlela zokwenza oku kukubhalisela i-VAT.
I-VAT ihlawulelwa amagalelo emveliso - imbewu, isichumiso, imichiza, ukukhanda, ulondolozo njl.njl. Yona yi-14% yeendleko zamagalelo. Ukuba uza kuchitha ama-R4 000 ngehektare kumagalelo emveliso, i-VAT yesi sixa ngama-R560 ngehektare nganye. Ukuba ubhalisele i-VAT, uyakwazi ukusibanga esi sixa Kwiinkonzo Zeengeniso zaseMzantsi Afrika (SARS) ukuba sibuyele kuwe. Esi sisixa esikhulu semali ngehektare nganye, kwaye kweli bakala, ingaphezu kwenzuzo efunyanwa luninzi lwabalimi. Ukuba akuyibhaliselanga i-VAT, okunokwenzeka kukuba ungakwazi kufumana nzuzo kumsebenzi wakho wokulima izityalo.
Kutheni abalimi bengafuni kubhalisela i-VAT?
Esinye isizathu esenza ukuba abalimi bangafuni kubhalisela i-VAT kukuba kuya kufuneka ukuba bagcine iincwadi zabo zeengxelo zicocekile njengoko iSARS ikwazi ukukhangela iimbuyekezo zabo nanini. Ukuba uzimisele ukuba ngumlimi orhwebayo, kubalulekile ukuzigcina zicocekile iincwadi zakho zeengxelo. Kufuneka uzazi iindleko zakho zeemveliso, iinzuzo zakho nokuba imali iyaphi.
Abalimi bakholisa ukuba nesazela sokuphepha ukuhlawula irhafu nokungayihoyi - baqhuba uqoqosho lwemali esesandleni olungenamkhondo waphepha. Oku asisosenzo silungileyo ngezizathu ezibini. Okokuqala, iphikisana nomthetho malunga nomhlaba norhwebo ngaphandle kokutyhila imisebenzi yakho kwi-SARS. Okwesibini, akusayi kukwazi ukwenza izigqibo zoshishino ezifanelekileyo xa ungawugcini umkhondo wazo zonke iingeniso neenkcitho zakho. Khumbula ukuba sonke sisebenzisa iinkonzo zikarhulumente, ngoko ke luxanduva lommi ngamnye weli lizwe ukufaka igalelo kwingeniso yelizwe. Asinakukubaleka ukuhlawula irhafu kodwa sibe ssisonwabela zonke iinzuzo ezihlawulelwa ngerhafu. Khumbula ukuba urhulumente usebenzisa iirhafu ukuhlawulela iindlela, izikolo, iinkonzo zempilo namapolisa, njl.njl.
Ukuba uzimisele ngokuba ngumlimi olondolozekayo - zibhalisele i-VAT Nerhafu Yengeniso.
<fn>PulaImvula. Voice.2009-11.xh.txt</fn>
Ngethuba le-NAMPO 2009, amalungu aliqela eKlabhu ye-250 Ton nabavelisi asebekwibanga eseliphambili benkqubo bebemenywe ukuba baye entlanganisweni. Kuthe kwacaca ukuba lifikile ixesha lokuphuhlisa abavelisi abamnyama bezityalo eziziinkozo lokuba babe nelizwi ukuze babonisane ngemibandela abayibona ibalulekile.
Ukuphakanyiswa kweinshorensi yegalelo.
Kukho umbuzo osisiseko uMzantsi Afrika ofanele ukuzibuza wona - ingaba siyafuna na ukukwazi ukuzimela malunga nokutya, okanye ingaba sifuna ukuzibeka esichengeni sokuxhomekeka ekutyeni okuthengwa emazweni angaphandle na Inzuzo efumaneka kwimveliso eziinkozo iphantsi koxinzelelo oluxhalabisayo kwaye sekuphantse kwayinto engenakwenzeka ukuba abavelisi bavelise izityalo eziziinkozo ngendlela elondolozekayo?
Abavelisi baseMzantsi Afrika, abalima ubukhulu becala umhlaba obharhileyo, banyanzelekile ukuba bakhuphisane nezityalo eziziinkozo ezivela emazweni angaphandle. Iinkozo eziveliswa phantsi kweemeko eziphucukileyo zemozulu, kwaye ezinye zazo zifumana inkxaso-mali kwabanye oorhulumente.
UMzantsi Afrika awufanelanga kuvumela "ukuba yindawo yokulahlela" okwenziwa ngamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo.
Uthutho ngomgaqo kunexabiso eliphezulu kanti isixokelelwano sikaloliwe asisebenzi ngokwaneleyo.
Isixokelelwano sothutho ngololiwe kufuneka sibuyiselwe kwisimo sokuphila.
Akukho zindleko ezihlawulwa ngabathengisi bamazwe angaphandle nto leyo ibinokukhusela abavelisi beli lizwe.
Iindleko ezihlawulwa ngabathengisi bamazwe angaphandle zibalulekile ukuze kukhuseleke abavelisi bethu.
Kumaxesha amahle onyaka, umbona uvelisa ngaphezu kokuba bekulindelekile, kanti azikho ezinye izityalo ezinokulinywa ngabavelisi abanokwenza inzuzo ngazo - amazimba, ujongilanga, neembotyi zesoya ziveliswa ngezixa ezikhulu, ukuze ixabiso lexesha langoku lengqolowa likwenze kube yinto engenakwenzeka ukuyilima phantsi kweemeko zomhlaba owomileyo.
"Isicwangciso sokuguqula amadlelo" masiphunyezwe ukuze yonke imihlaba ecekethekileyo ikhutshwe kwimveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo ibe ngamadlelo okuvelisa inyama nemicu.
Imimandla yentengiso yeenkozo mayandiswe.
Izenzo ezilungileyo zomsebenzi wokufama neenkqubela kwezobugcisa zandise izivuno kangangokuba kude kwabaxeka ukuveliswa kwazo.
Kufuneka abavelisi baphumeze izenzo zomsebenzi wokuvelisa ezinciphisa ukuhlakula okanye ezingakuhlakulisiyo ukuze kucutheke iindleko.
Sikhulu kakhulu isithuba esivuleke phakathi kwexabiso elichongwa ngumvelisi ngemveliso yakhe nexabiso elihlawulwa ngumsebenzisi ngokutya oko - ukuba umntu-ophakathi uthathe inzuzo enganeno, bobabini umvelisi nomsebenzisi banokuzuza phucukileyo.
Ulwazi malufumaneke ukuze wonke umntu kwityathanga lokutya azazi iindleko ezibandakanyekayo.
Iindleko eziphezulu zamagalelo.
Iziganeko zamayelenqe amaxabiso kufuneka ziphandwe ngocoselelo.
Iindleko eziphezulu zemali ebolekiweyo.
I-Land Bank kufuneka yenze ukuba iimali-mboleko zifumaneke ngamanqanaba enzala aphantsi.
Amaxabiso eenkozo aphantsi kakhulu.
Isongezo semali sinokuhlawulelwa iinkozo eziveliswe ngabavelisi abasaphuhlayo. Oku kunokuba "libhaso" labo baqhuba kakuhle baze bakwazi ukwandisa umsebenzi wabo.
Ubukhulu bomhlaba owabiwe ngokutsha ulahliwe ngokuphathelele kwimveliso - imisebenzi eyilwayo isilele.
Imiqathango yokukhetha kufuneka ibandakanye uqeqesho namava ethuba langaphambili lomsebenzi wokufama.
Isiqinisekiso sobuchule nokuzinikela seendlalifa ezinokubakho.
Khuthaza indima yamaqumrhu empahla yorhwebo kumba wokukhetha iindlalifa nakwinkxaso yabavelisi.
Inkxaso enikwa abamkeli.
Oosomagunya kwiSebe lemiBandela yemiHlaba abanangqiqo yezolimo.
Abezopolitiko abazazi ezolimo.
Isantya sokwenza izinto siyacotha - kulahleka imicimbi emininzi.
Iinkqubo mazihlelwe kwaye zilawulwe ngabantu abanolwazi.
Intlawulo yomhlaba iyacotha.
Iinkqubo mazihlelwe kwaye zilawulwe ngabantu abanolwazi.
Imigaqo-nkqubo isoloko iguquka.
Izifundo ezifunyanisiweyo maziphunyezwe.
Umhlaba uwodwa awanelanga.
Ezinye iimfuneko ezifana nemfuyo, oomatshini netyala ngemveliso mazenziwe ukuba zifumaneke kwasekuqaleni.
Abavelisi bakuxhinela kakhulu ukufumana imali-mboleko abangenagunya layo lokuthotyelwa ixabiso mhlawumbi kwinqanaba lenzala, okanye kwixabiso lamagalelo abo.
I-Land Bank ifanele ukubanika inkxaso-mali ngokungqalileyo abavelisi ukuze bazithethelele malunga nezaphulelo ezizezona ziphezulu.
Abavelisi abanikwa nkxaso kwaye abacetyiswa kakuhle ngomba wokuthengisa iinkozo zabo.
Abavelisi kufuneka bafumane icebiso elithembekileyo ngokuphathelele nemimandla yentengiso yeenkozo.
Amaziko ezemali abolekisa ngemali ayifumana eLandbank nakwi-IDC kodwa awavuni zinzuzo zamanqanaba aphantsi enzala.
Kufuneka kubekho ukutyhileka okuthe chatha malunga namanqanaba enzala.
Iimali-mboleko zikholisa ukwamkelwa emva kwexesha.
Iimali-mboleko mazamkelwe kuselithuba ukuze kuvunyelwe abavelisi balungiselele izityalo kuselithuba.
Izaphulelo ezifumaneka kumaqumrhu enkxaso yegalelo azisoloko zigqithiselwa kubavelisi.
Abavelisi abaphuhlayo mabafumane inzuzo kwizaphulelo.
Amanqanaba erhafu yempahla evela kwamanye amazwe mawaphunyezwe ukuze kukhuselwe abavelisi beli lizwe.
Urhulumente makathwale iindleko ezingama-35% zeendleko zomsebenzi wemveliso ezingekho phantsi kweinshorensi yegalelo kwithuba langoku.
Kufuneka kubekho inkxaso karhulumente yokuguqulela imihlaba ecekethekileyo ukuba ibe ngamadlelo.
Urhulumente makahlawulele ukufakwa kwekalika ukuze kulungiswe i-pH (iqondo lobumuncu) bomhlaba.
Urhulumente makahlawulele ukufakwa kwee-phosphate apho amanqanaba e-phosphate ebephantsi khona.
Iinkqubo zokunika inkxaso kubavelisi ngokunxulumanisa amasebe ahluka-hlukeneyo.
Ukusebenza kwabaphathi besolulo kwezinye iindawo zamaqumrhu empahla yokurhweba makuqwalaselwe ukuze kuphuculwe ukunikwa kwenkonzo.
Kuya kunikwa ingqalelo "kwimali esetyenziswa njengenkunzi eshishinini nakuhlaziyo" lwezixhobo zolimo.
Amasebe amadlelo nawolondolozo lomhlaba aphantsi kweSebe lezoLimo mawomelezwe kwaye axhotyiswe.
<fn>PulaImvula. WaterMaize.2009-09.xh.txt</fn>
Umhlaba unesixa samanzi esinyiniweyo esisoloko sijikeleza. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba ngumjikelo wamanzi okanye umjikelo wezamanzi.
Ukuqhuma kwamanzi njengomphunga kwenzeka xa ilanga ligqatsa amanzi emilanjeni okanye emadamini ukuze amanzi ajike abe ngumphunga. Lo mphunga uyanyuka uye emoyeni ushiye umlambo okanye idama.
Ukumfimfa kwamanzi yinkqubo apho izityalo zilahlekelwa ngamanzi aphuma emagqabini. Ukumfimfa nokuqhuma kwamanzi njengomphunga ziinkqubo ezimbini athi amanzi abuyele emoyeni ngazo.
Ukujiya komphunga ube ngamanzi yinkqubo apho umphunga osemoyeni usuka ubande uze uphinde ujike ube kwisimo solwelo, ngolo hlobo kubumbeke amafu.
Ukuwa kwamathontsi kwenzeka xa umphunga umninzi kangangokuba ujiye ube ngamanzi angasakwaziyo ukubanjwa ngumoya. Amafu asuka abe nzima aze amanzi awe ebuyela emhlabeni njengemvula, isichotho, iliqhwa, okanye ikhephu.
Xa amanzi ebuyela emhlabeni njengamathontsi awayo, asenokubuyela kwiilwandle, emadamini okanye emilanjeni okanye asenokugqibela ngokuphelela emhlabeni. Xa ephelela emhlabeni, amanzisa umhlaba aze abe yinxalenye "yamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba" anokusetyenziswa zizityalo nezilwanyana, okanye anokuqengqeleka aze aqokelelane njengemifula, amadama, imilambo ukuze ekugqibeleni abe selwandle - ize inkqubo iqalise kwakhona.
Kutheni izityalo zifuna amanzi?
Amanzi agcina isityalo simi nkqo. Ulutho esenziwe ngalo isityalo lunokuqulatha ama-90% amanzi okanye nangaphezulu. Inkoliso yencindi yeseli ngamanzi ukuze wona agcine imicu yesityalo yomelele. Xa isityalo singenamanzi awaneleyo siyabuna sijinge. Ukulahleka kwamanzi okukhulu kubanga ukufa.
Amanzi apholisa isityalo ngokumfimfa kwawo.
Amanzi ayinxalenye eyakha isityalo, athi xa ekunye nesile (carbon dioxide), izityalo ziwasebenzise ekuyileni izityo ezinika amandla (carbohydrates).
Amanzi alulwelo olusisinyibilikisi kwaye athutha iityuwa ezinyibilikileyo emhlabeni ngokuhamba ngeengcambu ukuya kwisityalo siphelele.
<fn>PulaImvula. Weather.2007-11.xh.txt</fn>
Imvula yexesha lonyaka elidlulileyo, ngakumbi ithuba elibaluleke kakhulu ukususela kuJanyuwari 2007 ukuya kuMatshi 2007 belome ukudlula owe-1992 unyaka ekwaxelwa ngawo eyona mbalela yakha yaxhalabisa. Kwakukho imimandla, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezingqonge iGauteng neendawo ezisentshona yaseMpumalanga ezathwaxwa yeyona mbalela eyayinobuzaza ukususela ngowe-1912.
Ngokoluvo lukaMnumzana Johan van den Berg wase-ARS, kukho iimpawu zophuhliso ze-La Nina ezithe chatha ngamandla ngendlela elindelekileyo. Kulindeleke ukuba isiphumo se-La Nina sivakale de kube seKwindla ngowama-2008. Isiphumo soku kukuba amathuba eemvula ezintle aphakame kakhulu ngethuba elibaluleke kakhulu ukususela ngoDisemba wama-2007 ukuya kuMatshi wama-2008.
Izazobe 1 - 3 zibonisa amathuba okufumana imvula eqhelekileyo obona buncinci. Iindawo ezityheli zibonisa imvula yesiqhelo, eziluhlaza zibonisa imvula engaphezu kweqhelekileyo, ukuze ezintsundu zibonise imvula engaphantsi kweyesiqhelo. Iintelekelelo zeenyanga ezizayo zezazobe zemvula elindelekileyo zibonisa imvula eqhelekileyo (kwezityheli) ukuya kwengaphezu kweqhelekileyo (kweziluhlaza). Amathuba emvula mahle ngakumbi kuDisemba 2007 nakuJanyuwari 2008.
Isazobe 1 - 3: Enokubakho ipesenti (%) yemvula yesiqhelo/elindelekileyo obona buncinci.
Ezibomvu: Nganeno kuma-20% ethuba lemvula yesiqhelo/elindelekileyo.
Ezintsundu kakhulu: ama-20% ukuya kuma-40% ethuba lemvula yesiqhelo/elindelekileyo.
Ezityheli: ama-40% ukuya kuma-60% ethuba (lemvula yesiqhelo/elindelekileyo).
Eziluhlaza: ama-60% ukuya kuma-80% ethuba (ngaphezu kweyesiqhelo/kwelindelekileyo).
Eblowu: Ngaphezukwama-80% ethuba (ngaphezulu gqitha kweyesiqhelo/elindelekileyo).
Okunokwenzeka kukufumana imvula yama-20 mm obona buncinci kwithuba leentsuku ezili-10 sekubaliwe kwimimandla ethile - oku kunokubonwa Kwizazobe 4 - 7. Okulindelekileyo okusekwe kwisiqhelo sethuba elide kwalathwa ngombala obomvu, ukuze okucingeleka ukuba kunokwenzeka kweli xesha lonyaka kubonakaliswe ngombala oblowu (2007/2008).
Imimandla eblowu yalatha amathuba anexesha elihle lemvula engaphezu kweyesiqhelo. Xa kunikwa uphuhliso lwe-La Nina, amathuba emvula elungileyo akholisa ukuba ngoDisemba, kwinxalenye yokuqala kaJanyuwari, ngokunjalo ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari 2008 ukuya kuMatshi-2008.
Ulwazi olungentla luhlanganiselwe nguMnu Johan van den Berg wase-ARS. Ulwazi olungaphaya kolunikiweyo lufumaneka kwisiza sothungelwano sakwa-Grain SA (www.graansa.co.za).
<fn>PulaImvula. Weeds(maize).2011-09-27.xh.txt</fn>
Emva kokutyala ngexesha lonyaka lokutyala ukususela kwinyanga ka-Oktobha ukuya phakathi kuDisemba 2010, inkoliso yeendawo zemveliso yombona zifumene imvula enkulu kumathuba asondeleleneyo. Kwiifama ezininzi iimeko ezimanzi zithintele nakuphi ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula okuncomekayo phakathi kwemiqolo ngokusebenzisa oomatshini kulo lonke elo xesha lonyaka.
Abalimi abangakhange basebenzise imichiza ukutshabalalisa ukhula kananjalo bengatshizanga phambi kokuhluma kwezityalo okanye abangakwazi ukufaka imichiza emva kokuhluma kungenzeka ukuba babe nengxaki enkulu yokhula kweli xesha lonyaka lizayo. Izityalo ezilukhula ezikwaziyo ukumilisela imbewu zibanga isiphumo sezigidi zembewu ebinokusasazeka emasimini phambi kweli xesha lonyaka elizayo lemveliso yehlobo.
Abalimi abawulima kancinane umhlaba nabo baqubisene neengxaki ezinkulu zokutshatyalaliswa kokhula emasimini xa isixhobo besingasetyenziselwanga kutshiza ngokwesicwangciso sokutshatyalaliswa kokhula phambi kunye/okanye ngethuba lokutyala. Kubaluleke kangangoko ke ukuhlola amasimi aza kutyalwa ukuze kuchongwe isimbo sosasazeko lokhula esinokubakho. Unako ukwenza isicwangciso senkqubo yokufaka imichiza nokutshiza kunye nomncedisi wakho wokutshatyalaliswa kokhula okanye umcebisi wakho.
Ngenxa yeemeko zobumanzi ezikhoyo nemvula eseyifumaneke ngenyanga ka-Agasti kungenzeka ukuba iimeko zobumanzi zithintele ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngoomatshini nangokutshatyalaliswa ngemichiza kwakhona kulo nyaka. Uyacetyiswa ke ngoko ukuba xa ubuthembele ekutshabalaliseni ukhula ngoomatshini kuphela, ukuba ucinge ngokuthatha isigqibo sokuthenga isixhobo esifanelekileyo sokulawula ukutshiza.
Ziyafumaneka ezivenkileni zendawo ohlala kuyo iintlobo ezininzi zezixhobo zokulawula ukutshiza, ezikulungeleyo ukugxunyekwa kwitrektara yakho yeencam ezintathu, kubandakanywa iitanki zeelitha ezingama-600 nezeelitha ezili-1000 kunye neentsika zobude beemitha ezili-12 ukuya kwiimitha ezili-16. Izixhobo ezineetanki zeelitha ezili-1 000 mazisetyenziswe kuphela kwiitrektara ezinesakhono sokuqulatha seencam ezintathu sokuphakama kweetoni ze-1,5 nangaphezulu.
Izixhobo ezenziwe kweli lizwe zibekwa amaxabiso ngokokhutshiswano lwentengiso kwaye iinxalenye zazo zifumaneka lula ngexesha lonyaka elifanelekileyo. Ukuba uthenga isixhobo esivela kumazwe angaphandle, qiniseka ukuba umthengisi unako ukuqinisekisa ubukho beempompo ezifakwa endaweni yezo zidlulelwe lixesha okanye iidayaframu zempompo kananjalo abe nalo noluhlu lwemilomo yezitshizi. Ukufakwa komtshizo ngakunye kudinga imilomo ethile eneemilo ezahluka-hlukileyo zokutshiza nemingxuma. Imimiselo yoxinzelelo yomlomo ngamnye ibaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ubukhulu bethontsi obuchanekileyo bokutshiza okungqalileyo ukuze kufumaneke isakhono esisesona sifanelekileyo sezitshabalalisi zezonakalisi zezityalo ezifakwayo.
Ukuba uyakwazi ukuthenga isixhobo esirhuqwayo, oko kungaba luncedo ngaphezu kwesixhobo esigxunyekwayo seencam ezintathu. Ukonakala ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwesixokelelwano seencam ezintathu esisebenza ngamanzi akubikho, kwaye itrektara nesixhobo sokulawula isitshizi zenza isixhobo sikamatshini esilungeleleneyo ukuze kunyuke umgangatho wokusebenza kananjalo kunciphe ukugangatheka komhlaba. Izixhobo zeelitha ezingama-2 000 nazo ziyakuvumela ukutshizwa komhlaba othe chatha phambi kokuphinda kuzaliswe itanki ngomxube. Khumbula ukuba lula kokulunga-lungisa izithuba eziphakathi kwamavili kwisixhobo esirhuqwayo xa zimiselwe kunye ngokwetrektara ukwenzela ukuvuleka kwezithuba eziphakathi kwemiqolo yesixhobo sakho sokutyala kananjalo nofikeleleko kwizixhobo zolawulo kuba lula ukusuka kwisihlalo somqhubi.
Esona sixa sincinane siqhelekileyo samanzi afakwayo ngokuphathelene nomxube othile wetanki simalunga neelitha ezingama-200 ngehektare nganye ukuqinisekisa ufikeleleko olufanelekileyo lokutshiza kumphezulu womhlaba. Itanki yeencam ezintathu enesakhono sokuqulatha seelitha ezingama-600 ke ngoko, iya kufikelela kwiihektare ezintathu phambi kokuzaliswa nokuxutywa kwemichiza eya kufakwa kwixesha elizayo.
Xa usenza isicwangciso somsebenzi wokutshiza thathela ingqalelo, ubukhulu bendawo eza kutshizwa, iingxaki zexesha, ubukho nofikeleleko emanzini afanelekileyo, inani leetrektara nezixhobo ezikhoyo, kubandakanywa inqwelo yokulayisha erhuqwayo enesakhono sesiqulatho setanki seelitha ezingama-5000. Kwakhona, kucetyiswa ukufakwa kwinqwelo erhuqwayo yokuthulula amanzi, impompo enesakhono sokuqulatha esikhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze itanki yeencam ezintathu okanye itanki erhuqwayo ikwazi ukuzaliswa ngokukhawuleza.
Malwenziwe ngokuqaphela ucwangciso olulungileyo nolondolozo lwazo zonke izixhobo ukuze kunciphe iingxaki emasimini ngexesha lonyaka lokutyala. Umsebenzi onenzuzo wokulima izityalo wanamhla awunakuphunyezwa lula xa kungekho lwazi lufanelekileyo ngokutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngemichiza nangokufakwa kwayo ngendlela esebenzayo nangokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezichanekileyo zokutshiza. Yiba soloko usebenzisa umncedisi onamava okanye umcebisi wokukuncedisa ngesicwangciso nangokufakwa kwemichiza ezizitshabalalisi zokhula neyokutshabalalisa izinambuzane.
Ukuba akunamandla aneleyo akhoyo etrektara okanye imali eyinkunzi efunekayo ukuze ube nezixhobo zokusebenza qwalasela ukusebenzisa umbhambathiswa onesixhobo sokulawula ukutshiza esithe chatha ngobukhulu. Amaxabiso afanele ukuhlawulwa ababhambathiswa aphakathi kwama-R65 ne-R100 ngehektare nganye kunye ne-diesel. Kunokufikelelwa kwindawo enkulu yentsimi emini nasebusuku ngoncedo lweenkqubo ze-GPS. Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka phambi kokuzifaka nakweziphi izicwangciso ukuba umbhambathiswa lowo uyakwazi ukufika ngexesha afuneka ngalo nangokuba iqela ngalinye liqinisekile ngezixhobo zokusebenza eziza kufuneka nezinikwa liqela ngalinye. Abanye ababhambathiswa abanazo iitanki ezirhuqwayo zokusasaza ezizezabo okanye iilori. Ukuba akufikeleli kwisixa samanzi esifuneka kwisixhobo sombhambathiswa esilawula ukutshiza, ilahleko yexesha nomgangatho womsebenzi iya kukhokelela kungquzulwano nokungonwabi kwawo omabini amaqela.
Iindleko zokufumana izixhobo zokusebenza ezizezakho kunye nenyhweba yokukwazi ukutshiza ngehektare nganye nanini xa ufuna maziqwalaselwe ngokunxulumene neendleko ziphelele zokwenzelwa ukutshiza ngumbhambathiswa. Uncedo olongezelelweyo kukuba uninzi lwababhambathiswa lunolwazi ngemichiza nangemixube yeetanki esetyenziswayo, okanye basebenza ngokuvisisana neengcali zokufaka imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula.
Kufuneka ube nomdla wokubeka iliso kuwo nawuphi umsebenzi wokutshiza ngawo onke amaxesha. Uyacetyiswa kwakhona ukuba uthethe namaqumrhu aliqela emichiza ukuthelekisa iindleko zemichiza efakwayo ngehektare nganye kunye nokuhlalutya umgngatho wenkonzo oya kunikwa. Khumbula ukuba nawuphi umboneleli wemichiza uxakeke kakhulu kweli xesha lonyaka kwaye usenokungakwazi ukukunika ingqalelo eyaneleyo malunga nokuncedisa ngemixube yetanki yemichiza nangezincedisi nangokubeka iliso kumaxabiso okwenziwa komsebenzi. Ngaphandle kwamava kulula kakhulu, nokuba iinjongo bezibalasele, ukufaka imichiza enganeno okanye engaphezu kwemfuneko.
<fn>PulaImvula. Weeds.2008-02.xh.txt</fn>
Photo 1: Le ntsimi yaseMpuma Koloni zange yatshizwa ngezitshabalalisi zokhula, nalo ke ukhula.
Photo 2: Le ntsimi, nayo yeyaseMpuma Koloni, yatshizwa ngezitshabalalisi zokhula kwangoko emva kokutyala.
Photo 3: Iqhina kule foto kukuchonga isityalo sombona!
Photo 4: Isihluzi kwisitshizi sivaliwe.
Photo 5: Imingxuma yokuphokoza yesitshizi ivalekile.
Photo 6: Iziganeko zokuvaleka zinokwenzeka xa isitshizi singacocwanga kwaye singalondolozwanga.
Iifoto 1 neyesi 2 zezentsimi enye eMpuma Koloni - enye indawo enokhula ayizange itshizwe ngaso nasiphi isitshabalalisi sokhula lo gama enye yatshizwa kwangoko emva kokutyalwa - umahluko ucacile!
Nasiphi isityalo esikhula apho singafuneki khona okanye apho besinganqweneleki khona sibizwa ngokuba "lukhula". Ukhula luyingxaki kulimo lwezityalo eziziinkozo kuba lukhuphisana ngokufuma nangezondlo, lusenokubanga iingxaki ngethuba lokuvuna, kanti lusenokwenza ungcoliseko okanye lunike ibala elibi kwiinkozo, imbewu yazo isenokuba netyhefu kananjalo lunokugcina kulo izibulalii zezityalo nezifo ezinokuchaphazela isityalo ekujoliswe kuzo.
Ukhula lusasazeka lula kwaye lukhula ngokukhawuleza. Lukholisa ukuba nezixokelelwano zeengcambu ezomeleleyo eziphuhla kakuhle kakhulu, kwaye luyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezininzi kangangoko zemo elungqongileyo. Kunzima ukululawula, lulukhuni kwaye lukhuphisana ngokungayekeleli nesityalo ngokufuma nangezondlo zomhlaba. Ukhula luneendlela ezininzi ezahlukahlukileyo zokuziphinda-phinda kwaye zonke ezi zinto kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo xa kusenziwa isicwangciso sokutshabalalisa ukhula. Ukhula luyakwazi ukuphuhla imbewu (lukholisa ukukwenza oko ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokuphinda-phinda rhoqo), olunye lunezikhondo eziphantsi kohlaba (rhizomes), olunye luneengcambu ezibhijela zibe kumphezulu womhlaba (stolns), olunye lunamagaqa luze olunye lube neengqakumbana. Kwiziganeko ezithile, njengengca elushica. Yona iphuhla imbewu, inamagaqana nezikhondo zaphantsi komhlaba - ukuze kube nzima kakhulu ukuyitshabalalisa. Imbewu yokhula ikholisa ukuhlala iphila kumathuba amade kakhulu - iyakwazi ukulinda emhlabeni de iimeko zibe zeziyilungeleyo ukuba intshule. Imbewu yokhula ngokunjalo ayintshuli ngaxeshanye - enye ithi intshula enye intshule kuphela kwibakala lakamva. Oku kuntshula kukholisa ukuphenjelelwa kukuhlakula umhlaba.
Iingcambu zokhula zikholisa ukugqobhozela ezantsi nzulu ngokuthe chatha kwaye zinaba ngaphezu kwengcambu zezityalo ngoko ke zikwazi phucukileyo ukumelana neemeko lula ngaphezulu. Ukhula lonyaka wonke lukholisa ukuba nokutya okuninzi okulondolozwe kwizisele zalo eziphantsi komhlaba - kwakhona oko kwenza ukuba lulwazi ukumelana neemeko zokukhula ezinzima.
Ukhula lunokugqiba umjikelo walo wobomi kwithuba elingaphantsi kunyaka omnye - okanye kwixesha nje elinye lonyaka (olu khula lubizwa ukuba lolonyaka), okanye lusenokuphila ixesha elingaphantsi konyaka kodwa ngaphantsi kwiminyaka emibini (olu lubizwa ngokuba lukhula lweminyaka emibini), okanye lusenokuphila ixesha elide luze luziphindaphinde qho ngonyaka ngamnye (olu lubizwa ngokuba lukhula olungatshitshiyo).
Kutheni kubalulekile nje ukutshabalalisa ukhula kwizityalo?
Ukhula lukhuphisana nesityalo ngokufuma komhlaba, izondlo, isithuba nangokukhanya. Ukhutshiswano olu luthintela ukukhula kwesityalo kwaye ludodobalisa uphuhliso, ngokwenza njalo lunciphise isivuno sesityalo. Olu khutshiswano lunokubanga ungcoliseko lwembewu yesityalo, isivuno esinciphileyo okanye ukuncipha kumgangatho wesityalo sembewu. Ukhutsishwano olunikwa lukhula lwahluka ukusuka kwisityalo ukuya kwesinye kwaye ukusuka kukhula oluthile ukuya kolunye - lusenokubanga kancinci kangange 10% okanye kakhulu kangangama-98% okuncipha kwesiivuno sesityalo.
Ukhula luqalisa ukukhuphisana nesityalo nje lakuba luphuhle isixokelelwano seengcambu esisigxina - nje sakuba sigqithile kwibakala lezithole. Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula malujoliswe ekuthinteleni ukhutshiswano nesityalo, ngokunjalo nokuthintela ukhutshiswano nesityalo, kanti nokuthintela ukuba ukhula luphuhle imbewu kuba ngokwenza njalo luba kwimo yokukhuphisana nesityalo kwixesha lakamva.
Umfama ngamnye ozidubayo ngemveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo ubasedabini lokulwa nokhula - kaloku lona lulutshaba lokuqala lomfama. Xa kuthethwa gabalala ukhula lutshatyalaliswa ngokusebenzisa umatshini okanye ngokusebenzisa imichiza ebulala ukhula - okanye kunokusetyenziswa umdibaniso wezi ndlela zombini. Ukutshatyalaliswa okuncomekayo kokhula kufanele ukuba nesiphumo sentsimi apho kusisityalo esilinyiweyo kuphela esikhula kuyo - kungabikho lukhula kwaphela. Naxa kunjalo, enyanisweni, izinto zisenokungahambi kakuhle ze ukhula lungatshatyalaliswa kakuhle.
Yintoni eyenza ukuba ukhula lungatshatyalaliswa kakuhle?
Zithathu izizathu ezisisiseko sokutshatyalaliswa kokhula okungancomekiyo - esinye sinxulumene nezixhobo zokuhlakula, ukuze esinye sinxulumane nezixhobo zokutshiza kanti esokugqibela kuzo yimozulu.
Izikere zokuhlakula azinikwanga izithuba ezifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kuwo wonke umhlaba ophakathi kwemiqolo yezityalo (zisenokuba ziphele ngendlela yokuba azisakwazi kushiyashiyana).
Umsebenzi wokuhlakula awenziwa kubunzulu obuchanekileyo - iingcambu zokhula olusisigxina zisenokushiyekela emhlabeni ofumileyo nto leyo eya kuvumela ukuba ziphinde ziphuhle kwakhona.
Umsebenzi wokuhlakula xa ungenziwa ngesantya esichanekileyo - kubalulekile ukuhlakula msinyane xa kuthelikiswa nakwezinye iimeko ukuze kuphazamiseke umhlaba ngokwaneleyo.
Umhlaba umanzi kakhulu ngoko ke ukhula olutonculweyo lusadibene nomhlaba ofumileyo ukuze ukwazi ukuqhuba ngokukhula.
Ngamaqondo emilinganiselo yesitshizi angachanekanga.
Lixesha lokutshabalalisa ukhula elingamiselwanga ngokuchanekileyo.
Isitshabalalisi sokhula esisetyenzisiweyo asifanelekanga ngokunxulumene nohlobo lokhula entsimini.
Sisihluzi esivalekileyo kwisitshizi (photo 4).
Imingxuma ephokozayo yesitshizi ivalekile (photo 5).
Kusetyenziswe uhlobo olungachanekanga lwemingxuma (khumbula ukusebenzisa imingxuma yeekhowuni ukwenzela ukutshiza kwizityalo, nemingxuma yokuphokoza enjengefeni yokutshiza emhlabeni).
Ukuba isitshizi asicocwanga kakuhle kwaye asilondolozwanga kakuhle emva kwexesha lonyaka langaphambili - kusenokwenzeka iintlobo ezahlukahlukileyo zokuvaleka, ngokunjalo nokudleka ngenxa yemichiza esala kwisitshizi.
Imichiza ethile ifuna imvula emva kokufakwa ukuze isebenze kakuhle -ukuba akubangakho mvula ngoko ke ayisayi kuvuseleleka.
Ithuba elishushu nelome kakhulu nalo linokubanga ukuba imichiza ingasebenzi kakuhle.
Iimvula ezinkulu ezina emva kokuba intsimi ibihlakulwe zisenokwenza ukuba ukhula luphinde 'lutyaleke kwakhona'.
Ukubaluleka kokutshatyalaliswa kokhula akunakugxininiswa ngaphezu kokubaluleka kwako - ngaphandle kokutshatyalaliswa kokhula okufanelekileyo, izivuno ezinqwenelekayo azinakuphunyezwa. Nangona kukhankanywe izizathu ezininzi kwinqaku elingentla ngezizathu zokuba kutheni ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula kusenokunagqibeleleki, inkoliso yemiba inxulumene nolawulo - mhlawumbi sekusemva kwethuba ngokunxulumene neli xesha lonyaka, kodwa izifundo ezifundwe kweli xesha lonyaka ziya kuba nexabiso elibaluleke kakhulu kwixesha lonyaka elizayo. Kufuneka sizabalazele ukwenza iimpazamo 'ezintsha' kuphela ngokufunda kwiimpazamo zethu kananjalo sithathe inyathelo lokulungisa ukwenzela ixesha elizayo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Weeds.2008-04.xh.txt</fn>
Olona tshaba lubi lomlimi lukhula kanti kwinkqubo yethu yophuhliso senze isigqibo sokuba lo ngunyaka wemfazwe nokhula!
Kwiindawo ezininzi apho kuveliswa khona izityalo zasehlotyeni eli xesha lonyaka libe lelona lihle kakhulu malunga nemveliso. Ngelishwa xa iimeko zilungele izityalo, zikwalungela nokhula. Kulo nyaka kubekho amasimi apho kube nzima khona ukubona izityalo phakathi kokhula kanti ilahleko ebangwa yile meko kumfama ilisikizi ekunzima ukulicinga. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo bekungelulanga kubalimi bezityalo kwaye bekunzima ukwenza inzuzo - ilahleko elolo hlobo asiyomfuneko kwaye asinakuphinda siyinyamezele.
Usenokuzibuza ukuba kutheni kuyimfuneko ukukhathazeka ngokhula ngoEpreli. Okwangoku, akukho mfuneko yokuzama ukutshabalalisa ukhula kwisityalo sangoku kuba umonakalo sowenzekile. (ngaphandle kokulunqanda ukuba lungabekeli imbewu enokuhlasela amasimi kunyaka ozayo). Nangona kunjalo, ukuze ulwe notshaba ngendlela encomekayo, kufuneka ulwazi utshaba lwakho - akunakuze ukwazi ukulwa nento ongayaziyo nongakwaziyo ukuyichonga. Ngoku ithuba liselihle kakhulu lokuba umntu aye emasimini akhe ajonge ukuba loluphi ukhula olukhula apho - ukhula olulapho ngoku ngokuqinisekileyo luya kuba lulapho nakunyaka ozayo (kanti kunyaka ongaphaya kwalo uzayo kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi ukuba akuluthatheli amanyathelo anamandla okulutshabalalisa).
Luziphinda-phinda njani - ingaba yimbewu, okanye ziingcambu, okanye ziingqakumba njl.
Yeyiphi imichiza ebhaliselwe ukusetyenziswa kolo khula?
Kufuneka ifakwe nini imichiza elukhuleni/okanye emhlabeni?
Wakuba ulufumene lonke ulwazi ngokhula oluyingxaki kuwe, uya kuba kwisimo esilungileyo sokulutshabalalisa kwixesha lonyaka elizayo - zilungiselele ukuba uphumelele kuloo madabi de uphumelele nasemfazweni!
<fn>PulaImvula. Weeds.2009-11.xh.txt</fn>
Nasiphi isityalo esikhula apho singafunekiyo khona okanye apho singanqwenelekiyo khona sibizwa ngokuba "lukhula". Ukhula lutshaba lomlimi wesityalo esiziinkozo - lukhuphisana naso ngokufuma, ngokukhanya nangezondlo, lubanga iingxaki ngethuba lokuvuna, lusenokungcolisa okanye luguqule ibala leenkozo, imbewu yalo isenokuba netyhefu kwaye isenokufukamela izibulali-zityalo nezifo ezichaphazela isityalo ekujoliswe kuso.
Ukhula lusoloko luneempawu zemveliso yembewu ekhawulezisayo nesuka ibe yinyambalala, lunaba lula kwaye lukhula ngokukhawuleza. Lukholisa ukuba nesixokelelwano seengcambu esiphuhla kakuhle kakhulu, kwaye luziqhelanisa neemeko ezininzi. Lutshabalaliseka nzima, lomelele kwaye lukulwela ngamandla ukufuma nezondlo zomhlaba. Ukhula lukholisa ukulungela ukwanda luselutsha kakhulu ukuze ke luzandise ngokukhawuleza.
Iingcambu zokhula zikholisa ukugqobhozela nzulu kwaye zinabe kakhulu kuneengcambu zesityalo ngoko ke luphila lula. Ukhula olufumaneka ebudeni bonyaka luthanda ukuzigcinela izixa ezikhulu zokutya kwiinxalenye zalo eziphantsi komhlaba - kwakhona oko kwenza ukuba lukwazi ukunyamezela iimeko ezinzima zokukhula.
Ukhula luyakwazi ukugqiba umjikelo walo wokuphila kwithuba elingaphantsi kunyaka omnye - - okanye ngexesha lonyaka (olu khula lubizwa ngokuba lukhula lonyaka), okanye lusenokuphila ngaphezu konyaka kodwa nganeno kwiminyaka emibini (olu lubizwa njengokhula lweminyaka emibini), okanye lusenokuphila ixesha elide lube luzandisa ngonyaka ngamnye (olu lubizwa ngokuba lukhula lwawo onke amaxesha).
Kutheni kubalulekile ukutshabalalisa ukhula olukwizityalo?
Kaloku ukhula luphikisana nesityalo ngokufuma komhlaba, izondlo, isithuba nokukhanya. Olu khutshiswano luthintela ukukhula kwesityalo kuze kubuyisele umva uphuhliso, ngokwenza njalo kucutha isivuno sesityalo. Olu khutshiswano lusenokubanga ungcoliseko lwembewu yesityalo, ukucutheka kwesivuno okanye ukwetha komgangatho wesityalo sembewu. Ukhutshiswano olwenziwa lukhula lwahluka ukusuka kwisityalo ukuya kwesinye nokusuka kukhula oluthile ukuya kolunye - lusenokubanga ukucutheka kwesivuno sesityalo okuncinci kangange-10% okanye ukucutheka okukhulu okungangama-98%.
Ukhula luqalisa ukukhuphisana nesityalo nje lwakuba luphuhle isixokelelwano seengcambu esisigxina - nje lwakuba ludlule ibanga lezithole. Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula kufuneka kujoliswe ekuthinteleni ukhutshiswano nesityalo, kananjalo nokuthintela ukhula ukuba lungamiliseli imbewu kuba ngokwenza njalo luya kuba luzinzisa indawo yalo yokukhuphisana nesinye isityalo kwixesha elizayo.
Zimbini iindlela ezibanzi zokutshabalalisa ukhula - kukusebenzisa oomatshini nemichiza. Kwiziganeko ezininzi ukuhlakula okuhamba kodwa, okanye ukuhlanganiswa kwezitshabalalisi zokhul nokuhlakula kuya kuba sesna sixokelelwano sinoqoqosho sinokusetyenziswa. Ukukhethwa kwesixokelelwano kuya kuxhomekeka kwintando yomlimi, amava kunye nolwazi, kudibene nokufumaneka kwabasebenzi, iitrektara kunye nezixhobo - ngakumbi xa kutyalwa namsinyane emva koko.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula makujongwe njengenxalenye engundoqo yeziganeko zokuhlakulela umbona kwaye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngethuba lokuhlakula umhlaba, xa kulungiswa ummandlalo wezithole ngexesha lokutyala nangamabanga okukhulisa isityalo.
Ukutshabalalisa ukhula ngoomatshini kubandakanya ukutshiza ukhula ukuze kuthintelwe ukuzinza kwalo, kanti, okunye okubalulekileyo, kukuncothula ukhula ngokusebenzisa itrektara nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngoomatshini kufanele ukwenziwa phmbi kokutyala (ukugcina umhlaba ucocekile) nangamaxesha akwangoko (kuselithuba) okuphuhla kwesityalo. Kubalulekile ukutshabalalisa ukhula luselula ukuze kuthintelwe ukhutshiswano ngokufuma komhlaba kanti nesityalo kufuneka ukuba sibe siselula, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhlakula akuzonakalisi iingcambu zesityalo. Ukhula oluzinzileyo lunesixokelelwano seengcambu esiphuhle kakuhle kanti ukuze ukutshatyalaliswa kwalo kuncomeke kungafuneka ukuba kuhlasele ngamandla kanti ke oku kungasuka kutshabalalise iingcambu zesityalo.
Kukho iintlobo zemichiza ezilulwelo, amahlalutyana nemimoya ezinokusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa ukhula. Okubaluleke kakhulu ngumthamo ochanekileyo nexesha elifanelekileyo lokusetyenziswa kwezitshabalalisi zokhula.
Le michiza inokubekwa ngokwezintlu zezitshabalalisi zokhula ezikhethayo okanye ezingakhethiyo. Izitshabalalisi zokhula ezingakhethiyo zibulala nasiphi isityalo ezinokuthi zidibane naso kanti izitshabalalisi zokhula ezikhethayo zibulala uhlobo oluthile lokhula ngaphandle kokuchaphazela isityalo nakancinci. Izitshabalalisi zokhula ezingakhethiyo zisenokusetyenziswa ngokunjalo phakathi kwemiqolo yesityalo ukuze ngokwenza njalo zibulale ukhula ngaphandle kokuchaphazela isityalo.
Izitshabalalisi zokhula zikwasebenza ngeendlela ezimbini ezahluka-hlukileyo - ezinye zisebenza ngokuchukumisa lo gama ezinye zisebenza kwisixokelelwano. Izitshabalalisi zokhula ezisebenza ngokuchukumisa zichaphazela izicwili zesityalo ezithi zidibane nazo, kanti ukuze kufumaneke iziphumo ezibalaseleyo, kufuneka ukumanziseka okucoselelweyo. Olu luhlu lwezitshabalalisi zezityalo luncomeka kakhulu elukhuleni oluncinci okanye oluselula. Izitshabalalisi zokhula ezisebenza kwisixokelelwano zithuthelwa kwisityalo ngokuphelela kwaso ngoko ke nokuba zitshizwa emagqabini kuphela, iingcambu ziyakwazi ukuchatshazelwa.
Izitshabalalisi zokhula zinako kananjalo ukuhlelwa ngokwaphambi kokuhluma (phambi kokuvela kwesityalo phezu komhlana), nasemva kokuhluma (emva kokuba isityalo sesivele ngaphezu komhlaba). Izitshabalalisi zezityalo zaphambi kokuhluma zifunxwa ziingcambu ze-coleoptile okanye eziphuhlayo, lo gama izitshabalalisi zokhula zasemva kokuhluma zifunxwa ngamagqabi nezikhondo.
Kumaxesha onyaka emvula, xa kukho udaka oluninzi kuba nzima ukuqhubela iitrektara emasimini, ngoko ke ukutshabalalisa ukhula ngemichiza kuko okunamandla itrektara enesitshizi ingangena lula entsimini kunetrektara etsala ikhula.
<fn>PulaImvula. Wheat.2007-12.xh.txt</fn>
Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba ixabiso leSafex lengqolowa likaFebhuwari 2007 belisephantsi kwenqanaba le-R1880/ngetoni, emva kokuba ixabiso belikwincochoyi yama-R3 460/ngetoni ngowe-18 Septemba.
Nangona ukunyuswa kwexabiso bekunika ithemba, ngokwecala lomvelisi weenkozo, abavelisi abafumene inzuzo xa kunyuswa ixabiso (nangencochoyi) ibe ngabo abebelondoloze esinye sesityalo sabo kuphela ngowama-2006/2007, okanye abo bathathe izikhundla zethuba elide kwiSafex. Ngelishwa, bathande ukuba mbalwa abavelisi abakwaziyo ukugcina isityalo sabo kumathuba amade emva kokuvuna, kuba benokuba semngciphekweni wamaxabiso athotyiweyo. Abavelisi banokubuza ukuba, ingaba bebephi oochwepheshe Bekutheni ukuze abavelisi banganikwa icebiso eliphucukileyo?
Ngelishwa, ulwazi olukhoyo olufumaneka phucukileyo nangeliphi ixesha alunakubonwa njengombandela ekuphela kwawo onokuqinisekisa isigqibo esilungileyo sokuthengisa. Ikhona neminye imibandela eliqela, enokubandakanya imozulu njengowona ubalulekileyo, nodlala indima kumaxabiso ahla esenyuka nangenakuqondwa ngokuqinisekileyo kwangethuba elingaphambili.
Itheyibhile 1 ibonisa amaxabiso engqolowa yehlabathi ukususela ngowama-2005, kubandakanywa iingqikelelo zemveliso yehlabathi zexesha lonyaka lowama-2007 nathe abekwa ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, ngokunjalo neengqiqo ezizezona zakutshanje. Imveliso yehlabathi yexesha lonyaka wama-2007 icingeleka kwizigidi zeetoni ezingama-623,7, ngenxa yokwanda kwendawo elindeleke ukuba ingalinywa, ukuze isivuno silindeleke ukuba sibuyele kwisiqhelo. Ukuba le ngqikelelo ibiphunyeziwe, bekuya kubakho iitoni ezizizigidi ezingama-33,5 ngaphezulu (6,7%) zengqolowa efumaneka entengisweni ngexesha lonyaka lama-2006. Ngokusetyenziswa kwayo kwihlabathi okumalunga neetoni ezizigidi ezingama-620, kuya kubakho ngaphezu kwengqolowa eyaneleyo entengisweni ukuze kuhlangatyezwe imfuno yayo ebangwayo.
Itheyibhile1: Imveliso yengqolowa kwihlabathi liphelele (iitoni ezizizigidi).
Umthombo : Ibhodi yeHlabathi yeziTyalo eziziiNkozo.
Njengesiphumo seemeko zemozulu ezingafunekiyo, amazwe ahlukahlukileyo abalulekileyo avelisa ingqolowa athobe iingqikelelo zawo zezityalo amaxa amaninzi ngexesha lonyaka wama-2007, kanti ekupheleni kukaSeptemba 2007, imveliso eqikelelwayo ibiziitoni ezizizigidi ezingama-601,4. Oku bekunganeno ngeetoni ezizizigidi ezingama-22,3 kunengqikelelo kaFebhuwari 2007 - oku kubange ukwanda okukhulu kwixabiso lengqolowa yehlabathi.
Igrafu 1: Inyanga yobhambathiso eyiyeyona ikufutshane yeSafex, kunye nexabiso lothutho lwasimahla leNgqolowa yaseArgentinia neNgqolowa yaseUSA eLukhuni eBomvu (ngeeUS Dollars ngetoni nganye).
Umthombo: Ibhodi yeHlabathi yeziTyalo eziziiNkozo, isiseko seenkcukacha sakwaGrain SA.
Ixabiso laseArgentina lengqolowa belirhweba nge$177/ngetoni nganye ngoFebhuwari 2007 laza lanyuka njengokulindelekileyo laba ngama-$355/ngetoni nganye (iGrafu 1) . Esi sisandiso se-$158/itoni okanye ama-89%, naxa kukho ukwanda okuncinci kwisityalo saseArgentina ukususela kwiingqiqo zikaFebhuwari. Ixabiso lothutho lwasimahla lengqolowa eLukhuni eBomvu yaseUSA kwiGulf yalathe lo mkhwa, nangona bekukho ukwanda kwetoni ezizizigidi ze-1,5 kwisityalo sengqolowa yaseMelika ukususela ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari (Itheyibhile 1).
Ngenxa yeemeko zemozulu ezingafunekiyo eAustralia, eCanada naseEuropean Union, isityalo sacutheka kakhulu, kwaza oku kwabanga ukucutheka okukhulu kwizicuku ezigciniweyo zengqolowa yehlabathi ngowama-2007 - kanti oku kubeka uxinzelelo kwixabiso ukuba kwande ummandla wentengiso wehlabathi.
IGrafu 1 ibonisa ukuba ixabiso leSafex (lenyanga eyiyona seyisondele), nelivakaliswa nge-$/toni lilandele ixabiso lengqolowa lehlabathi ngonyaka wama-2007. Ukususela ngoFebhuwari, ixabiso leSafex linyuke malunga ne-$200/itoni nganye, xa kuthelekiswa nokunyuka nge-$158/itoni kwengqolowa yaseArgentina nokunyuka nge-$143/itoni kwengqolowa yaseUSA eluKhuni eBomvu.
Ukunyuka okuthe chatha kwixabiso lengqolowa yeli lizwe ngokwe-dollar xa kuthelekiswa nexabiso lehlabathi kunokuchazwa ubukhulu becala kukwanda kweendleko zothutho ngenqanawa. NgoFebhuwari 2007, iindleko zako zibe malunga ne-$43/itoni ukuthutha ingqolowa ngenqanawa ukusuka eArgentinia ukuya eMzantsi Afrika, ne-%48/itoni ukusuka kwi-Gulf ukuya eMzantsi Afrika. Njengesiphumo semfuno ekhulayo sothutho ngenqanawa, iindleko phantse ziphindaphindwe kabini kulo nyaka. Okwangoku iindleko zimalunga ne- $73/itoni ukuthutha ingqolowa ukusuka eArgentinia, ukuze ibe yi-$88/itoni ukuthutha ingqolowa ngenqanawa ukuya eMzantsi Afrika ukusuka kumazibuko kwi-Gulf (iGrafu 2). Ngokwe-R6,85/$, kubonakala ukunyuka kweendleko zokuthutha ngenqanawa ukususela ngoFebhuwari 2007 ngeR219/itoni.
Umthombo: Ibhodi yeHlabathi yeziTyalo Eziziinkozo.
Imveliso ecuthekileyo yengqolowa yehlabathi elindelekileyo idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekunyukeni kwexabiso lehlabathi lengqolowa, kanti ngenxa yokuba uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka uthenge ngaphandle phantse inxalenye enye kwezintathu zemfuno yeli lizwe, ukunyuka kwexabiso lehlabathi kukhokelele ekunyukeni kwexabiso laseMzantsi Afrika. Iindleko ezinyukileyo zothutho ngenqanawa zibeka uxinzelelo oluthe chatha kwixabiso leli lizwe njengoko zibange ukunyuka kokuthenga ngaphandle. Kananjalo ukunyuka kwexabiso lehlabathi kuphinde kwabonakalisa indima enkulu edlalwa yimozulu kumaxabiso eemveliso zezolimo. Kanti njengoko sonke sisazi kakuhle, kunzima ukuqikelela ukuba iNdalo enguNozala iya kwenza ntoni.
<fn>PulaImvula. Year.2007-12.xh.txt</fn>
Photo: Dibana neqela laseBothaville lenkqubo yophuhliso yakwaGrain SA farmer: Ukusuka ekhohlo nguJane McPherson (umphathi wenkqubo), uWillie KotzÃ© (umququzeleli woqeqesho nolwazi), uDebbie Nel (umncedisi waseofisini), uJenny Mathews (ulawulo lwesigqeba: saseGrain SA) uNico Vermaak (umphathi: Iinkonzo zeMbumba, yakwaGrain SA).
Sifikelele esiphelweni selinye ithuba lenkxaso-mali nonyaka wemali weNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA. Wonke umsebenzi owenziwe kulo nyaka usisiphumo senkxaso-mali yobubele efunyenwe yile nkqubo kwiMaize Trust kwaye kufanelekile ukuba sivakalise imibulelo yethu, kananjalo nemibulelo evela kwiindlalifa zenkqubo.
Njengoko kunjalo nakowuphi ummandla wophuhliso, inkqubela-phambili ihamba ngokwesantya somntu lowo kwaye kumaxa amaninzi sinokubonakala njengesicothayo - abanye abantu bakhawuleza kakhulu ukuqonda kanti abanye bathatha ithuba bezama ukwenza iinguquko ezifunekayo ukuze baqhubele phambili ukusuka kwisimo sangoku ukuya kwesinqwenelekayo.
Kwinkqubo yethu, sisebenza nzima ukususa amafama kwisimo sawo sangoku, esahluka ukusuka kumfama ukuya komnye, siwase kwisimo esinqwenelekayo somfama orhwebayo, ozimeleyo nolondolozekayo. Imisebenzi eyilwayo eyahlukahlukileyo ekule nkqubo iyilwe ngendlela ehlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukahlukileyo zamaqela ahlukahlukeneyo zamafama.
Inkqubo isalawulwa eBothaville ubukhulu becala. Kwisakhiwo sequmrhu lakwaGrain SA, inkqubo le ingaphantsi kwesebe leeNkonzo zeMbumba elilawulwa nguMnu Nico Vermaak.
Eli xesha lonyaka lehlobo elidlulileyo belinzima kakhulu ngenxa yembalela ebinobuzaza nechaphazele iindawo ezibanzi zommandla wethu ofumana iimvula ehlotyeni - amanye amafama awakwazanga kulima kwaphela, abanye balima kodwa phantse ababi naso nesinye isityalo abasivunayo, lo gama iindawo ezimbalwa bezineemeko 'eziqhelekileyo'. Kwiziganeko ezininzi amafama alima isityalo ngemali ebolekiweyo - mhlawumbi evela ezibhankini okanye kumashishini ezolimo (iiCo-ops zakudala) - xa kusenziwa uthelekiso ambalwa amafama athatha i-inshorensi yegalelo kuba imida yenzuzo kwimveliso yezityalo isezantsi kagangokuba bazama kangangoko ukugcina iindleko zisezantsi kangangoko.
Ngexesha lonyaka elifana neli kubakho iqela lamafama angakwaziyo ukubuyisa iimali-mboleko zawo zemveliso ukuze ke ngoko angakwazi kufikelela kwimboleko yemali yokulima isityalo esilandelayo. Xa ubani esebenzisana namafama akholisa ukungabi namali eyinkunzi yokuqalisa ishishini, unyaka ofana neli xesha lonyaka lidlulileyo yintlekele kwaye linokwenzakalisa uphuhliso oluya kurhwebo.
Inkqubo yethu yamafama eseyikwibanga eseliphambili iphuhla kakuhle ngokunjalo sinikele Izifundo zeAgribusiness zethu zokuqala kwiqela elikhethiweyo lala mafama. Ukunikelwa kwezi zifundo ngokunjalo kunye nempumezo yomsebenzi olandela emva kwezifundo kubonwa yinkqubo njengenyathelo lokugqibela esilithatha nomfama elisingise kwilinge lokurhweba. Esi sifundo siqukanisa ndawonye lonke ulwazi oluqulethwe kwezinye izifundo kwaye sijolisa umfama kwimimandla engundoqo yomsebenzi ukuze akwazi ukuqolosela kwinyathelo ngalinye lenkqubo yomsebenzi wemveliso ngexesha elichanekileyo nangokwemigangatho echanekileyo.
Inkqubo yethu yoqeqesho iye yaba nonyaka oxakekileyo - zibe ngaphezulu kuma-80 izifundo ukususela ekuqaleni kuOktobha 2006 ukuya kuma-30 Septemba 2007. Izifundo ziyaqhuba ngokwamkelwa kakuhle kakhulu, ingxelo evela kumafama intle kwaye soloko becela izifundo ezongezelelweyo. Sizinika izifundo ukususela ngoFebhuwari ukuya kuNovemba ngonyaka ngamnye, ngamanye amaxesha, amafama sukuba exakeke kakhulu emasimini abo nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuya ezifundweni. Ngezi nyanga zehlobo, sijolisa kwiimvavanyo zemiboniso, kwiintlanganiso zamaqela ofundonzulu, nenkxaso kumafama ngamanye.. Kanti siphinde safumana impendulo entle kubaphathi besolulo besebe lezolimo ngokunjalo sinethemba malunga nonyaka ozayo wemali apho siya kukwazi ukubancedisa ngezifundo ezenziwa ngesandla - ukusetyenziswa kweengcingane entsimini yintsilelo enkulu kwaba baphathi besolulo.
Siyaqhuba ngokusasaza kwizikhululo ezine zikanomathotholo, iLesedi, iMotsweding, iLigwalagwala kananjalo Umhlobo Wenene - lo usengumjelo obalaseleyo wokuqhagamshelana namafama - asingomjelo wothutho kwezobugcisa kuphela, kodwa ngowokwazisa amafama ngemicimbi malunga nenkqubo.
I-Pula-Imvula iyaqhuba - seyide yaba ngomnye wemisebenzi eyilwayo 'othandwayo' kwinkqubo kwaye asikhe sisilele nto leyo eyenza ukuba sibe nebhongo ngemagazini egqibekileyo. Baliqela abantu abanegalelo kwinkqubo iphelele - abaqeshwa abakwinkqubo, abanye abaqeshwa abangaphakathi kwaGSA, abaqeshwa bakwaARC-GCI ePotchefstroom, abaguquleli beelwimi abahlala bephantsi koxinzelelo lokuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi bawugqiba ngokwemida yexesha elingqongqo abalisikelweyo, abaqeshwa kwimisebenzi yangaphakathi (abahleli nabapapashi), abashicileli nabathumeli beposi yezixa ezikhulu - oko kusenziwa qho ngenyanga! IPula-Imvula yamkelwa ngovuyo olubalaseleyo kwaye abafundi bayo basoloko besanda okoko - senza ngaphezulu kweekopi ezingamawaka ali-16 500 ngenyanga nganye kwaye olu ludwe luyanda.
Kwakhona sibulela kwi-Maize Trust ngenkxaso enganqumamiyo yayo yale nkqubo.
<fn>PulaImvula. Year.2010-01.xh.txt</fn>
Njengabasebenzi kwiNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA, sisikelelwe kwaye sinelungelo elilodwa lokuba yinxalenye lwento esikholelwa ukuba iya kwenza umahluko kwinkqubo yenguquko yezolimo yaseMzantsi Afrika. INkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA izinikele ekuphuhliseni abalimi abanesakhono, abalondolozekayo, nabamnyama abarhwebayo.
Ishishini lezityalo eziziinkozo, ngakumbi abalimi, bajongene namaxesha angumceli-mngeni kakhulu. Sijongene nolwabiwo lomhlaba ngokutsha kunye nembuyekezo, kufuneka sibe kukhutshiswano lwamaxabiso ezityalo eziziinkozo ehlabathini, sitsala nzima ngenxa yamaxabiso okhutshiswano amagalelo aphezulu kakhulu nangengawo awehlabathi, kanti umsebenzi wokufama siwenza elizweni elibharhileyo, nelijongene nalo ngokwalo neziphumo zobushushu behlabathi ngenxa yemikhwa yemozulu. Xa sithetha gabalala asinalunqongophalo lwemiceli-mingeni - kodwa, izisombululo azanelanga!
Masiqhube ngokubala iintsikelelo zethu ezikwinkqubo - Sineqela labantu elisebenza kunye elingummangaliso. Masiqale namalungu olawulo lwesiGqeba saseGrain SA (Hoofbestuur). Usihlalo wenenekazi lethu, uNkskz Jenny Mathews unesakhono kangako, uyazibandakanya kwaye ungumntu ongayibandeziyo inkxaso yakhe. Besisikeleleke kakhulu kulo nyaka ukuba noMnu Schalk Viljoen ovela eNtshona-Koloni othe wazenza ukuba abe khona ukuze anike inkonzo kwiqela lethu . Kananjalo uthe wakhethwa njengosekela-sihlalo wekomiti. Sinovuyo ukuba naba babini uSchalk Viljoen noAndries Theron, bobabini ngabaseKoloni, ekomitini njengoko besiza nezimvo ezintsha nomnye umbono malunga nophuhliso lwabalimi. Sinamalungu athembekileyo nazinikele kakhulu kwiQela lokuSebenza. UMnu Gert Pretorius waseLichtenburg, uMnu Moss Malo ovela eDelareyville, uMnu Jabulani Zitha ovela eNigel, uMnu SK Makinana waseUgie noMnu Papi Nkosi waseHazyview.
Kulo nyaka, sinovuyo kakhulu kukuba uMnu Karabo Peele naye uyinxalenye yeqela lokusebenza. Umele iMaize Trust, umxhasi wethu wemali ongundoqo. Sikwazile ukuthetha noMnu Dirk van Rensburg, owayesakuba lilungu lesigqeba esilawulayo ukuba ahlale elilungu leqela lokusebenza. UDirk ngumlimi ozinikela kakhulu nozibandakanya kakukhulu ovela eArlington, kwaye siluchwayitele uthakazelelo lwakhe lokusixhasa ngale nkqubo yophuhliso.
Malunga nabasebenzi, siyandise le projekthi yafikelela kubasebenzi abali-17 bexesha elipheleleyo, nabali-13 abasebenza njengababhambathiswa. Ulwabiwo-mali lwenkqubo iphelele luphaya kwizigidi ezili-R14 (iminyaka yezemali yeeprojekthi ezahluka-hlukileyo yahluka ukusuka kunyaka wezemali waseGrain SA , nto leyo eyenza ukuba eli nani libe yintelekelelo ekufutshane). EBothaville, sinoJane McPherson (uMphathi weNkqubo), uGq Willie KotzÃ© (iNgcali: uQeqesho noPhuhliso), uMnu Danie van Den Berg (iNgcali: iiNkonzo zaseNtsimini), ooNksk Debbie Boshoff noAnnemarie de Beer (inkxaso yolawulo).
Kunyaka odlulileyo, besilusizi ukubulisa uNksk Jacinta Motloang obevela kwiofisi yaseLadybrand, obesishiya kuba amkele isikhundla sokufundisa eManyatseng noMnu Piet Potgieter oye kusebenza kwiVKB apho ayintloko yecandelo lophuhliso lwabalimi babo. Siyakuvuyela ukusebenza kufutshane noPiet Potgieter kwsikhundla sakhe esitsha. Sizibona njengenxalenye yeqela lophuhliso elikhulu ngakumbi eMzantsi Afrika kwaye siyakonwabela ukusebenza nabantu esabelana nabo ngombono wophuhliso.
UMnu Jan de Villiers ovela eFicksburg, uvumile ukulawula iprojekthi yeWinter Cereals Trust kwiFree State eseMpuma. UJan ngumntu owaziwa kakhulu, umlimi oselethathe umhlala-phantsi onamava exesha lonke lobomi bakhe kumsebenzi wokulima ingqolowa (phakathi kwezinye izinto), nonentliziyo yokudlulisela phambili akwaziyo ukuze axhobise abalimi ngesakhono. UMnu Arthur Clayton ovela eSannieshof uqhubile ngokuthatha uxanduva malunga neProjekthi yamaZimba.
Le nkqubo iphelele inikwa inkxaso-mali ngabakwaGrain Trust, iMaize Trust, iWinter Cereals Trust, iOil and Protein Seeds Development Trust neSorghum Trust. IgaleloIgalelo elifakwa zezi-trust likhulu kangangoko. Ngaphandle kwazo incinci into ebinokwenzeka kummandla wophuhliso lwabalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo. Kwakhona, sibulela ngokungazenzisiyo ngegalelo lobubele - siyabaqinisekisa ngokuzinikela kwethu kuphuhliso lwabalimi.
<fn>PulaImvula. YearMaize.2008-12.xh.txt</fn>
Kwakhona, sifikelele esiphelweni somnye unyaka wempumelelo weNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA. Wonke umsebenzi owenziwe ebudeni balo nyaka usisiphumo senkxaso-mali yobubele efunyanwa kwiMaize Trust.
UJane McPherson noWillie KotzÃ©, abakwiOfisi eyiNtloko yaseGrain SA eBothaville, balawula iNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama. Kuye kwadalwa esinye isikhundla esongezelelweyo "seNgcali: iiNkonzo zoPhando lwangaPhandle" kwaza kwanyulwa uDanie van den Berg kweso sikhundla. UDanie waziwa kakhulu kulo msebenzi uyilwayo kwaye ebesoloko esenza uqeqesho olubalaseleyo kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo. UDanie uchitha ixesha lakhe elawula abaqeshwa abakuphando lwangaphantsi - abaququzeleli bophuhliso lwamaphondo. Itheyibhile 1 idwelisa abanye abaqeshwa ababandakanyeka kulo msebenzi uyilwayo.
Kwiindawo zokurhweba, sijolisa kakhulu kubavelisi asebekwibanga eliphambili njengoko sisazi ukuba ukuze siphumeze ubizo lwethu 'Lokuphuhlisa abavelisi abanesakhono, abamnyama, kufuneka sichithe ixesha sinike umvelisi ngamnye kwabo sebesendleleni eya kurhwebo. Kwiindawo ezingenalurhwebo kakhulu, siyaqhuba ngokujolisa kumaqela ofundo-nzulu, ndlela leyo eyonga imali kakhulu ukuze kunikwe inkonzo kumaqela amakhulu abavelisi.
Inkqubo yoqeqesho iyaqhuba ngokukhula - ngezintlu zezifundo ezithe chatha, kananjalo nemfuno ebangwayo yezintlu zezifundo esoloko isanda.
Kwakhona, sinombulelo omkhulu kwiMaize Trust ngenkxaso yayo esoloko iqhuba yale nkqubo- senza, kwaye siya kuqhuba ukwenza kangangoko sinako ukulawula le nkqubo ngendlela efanelekileyo, nokunika inkxaso encomekayo kubavelisi bethu. Sinovuyo kakhulu ngethuba esilinikwayo njengeqela elisebenza kunye lophuhliso.
<fn>PulaImvula. Yellow(maize).2011-03-14.xh.txt</fn>
Yintoni eyenza ukuba izityalo zibe tyheli ngamaxesha obumanzi?
Caption: Iimeko ezixinaniswe ngamanzi zichaphazela inkqubo yokukhula yoninzi lwezityalo.
Ingcali yasemaNgesini kwezembali uH.G. Willis, wakha wathi imbali yomntu lugqatso phakathi kokufunda nokuwa. Malunga nabalimi bezityalo kwiindawo ezifumana imvula ehlotyeni eMzantsi Afrika, ngakumbi ezo zikwiindawo ezinomhlaba ophantse wabharha, olu gqatso luyinyaniso yemihla ngemihla.
Imisebenzi yokulima izityalo kwiindawo eziphantse zabharha yenziwa ngohlobo lokuba ithintele isilingo sembalela esisoloko sikhona. Oku kwenziwa ngokujika-jika ukuxinana kwezityalo, ukusebenzisa ngendlela efanelekileyo amagalelo ezichumiso ngokwezivuno zethuba elide, izenzo zokulima ezilondoloza amanzi ukuze, ubukhulu becala, kwandiswe ukutyhuluba, kutyalwe ngeyona mihla ifanelekileyo kananjalo kukhethwe imihlanganisela ekwaziyo ukuziqhelanisa nembalela, njl.njl. Le mihlanganisela iphantsi kweqela lezityalo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-mesophyte, ezikhula phucukileyo kwimihlaba efumileyo kodwa enomoya. Iingcambu zazo ziqhelaniswe kakuhle nokuhlola-hlola izixa zamanzi nezezondlo ezisemhlabeni, umzekelo, iingcambu zombona zigqibhozela emhlabeni kumgama wama-24 mm ngosuku, zifikelela kobona bunzulu bukhulu beemitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-2.4, ngokokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zomhlaba.
Uphuhliso lweengcambu lunokuthintelwa kakhulu okanye lunqandwe yimvula egqithisileyo ngokuphathelene nexesha langoku lonyaka, apho izityalo bezilinywe ngoDisemba nangoJanyuwari. Imvula egqithisileyo kwimihlaba ema amanzi iya kukhokelela ekugwantyeni kwamanzi emihlabeni ukufikelela kumanqanaba ashenxisa umoya kuyo. Inkqubo yokuphila kwendalo eya kuphenjelelwa kakubi kuqala kukuphefumla kweengcambu; izityalo zifuna amanqanaba athile enkxaso yomoya (i-oxygen/umongomoya) ezingcanjini zazo. Abaphandi babonise ngeemvavanyo ukuba phantsi kweemeko ezingenamoya kwaphela, ukukhula kweengcambu kungayeka kwisithuba nje semizuzu. Nangona kunjalo, izityalo ziyashiyana ngokunyamezela iimeko zokugwantya kwamanzi. Umzekelo, ii-hydrophyte (iirayisi) ziqhelile ukuphila phantsi kweemeko ezingenamoya emhlabeni. Kaloku ezi zityalo zingafa kwimihlaba enomoya owaneleyo. Iingcambu zezityalo ezingazithandiyo iimeko ezingenamoya, ezifana nemidumba (iimbotyi ezomileyo, isoya, njl.njl.) zifa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zogwantyo lwamanzi. Imiqondiso yokuqala yomonakalo wokuxinana kwamanzi isenokuvela emva kweyure enye nokuba zimbini kuze kuvele umonakalo wesigxina emva kweeyure ezingama-24, ngakumbi kwiintsuku ezifudumeleyo zelanga.
Xa ukuphefumla kweengcambu kuthintelekile eminye imisebenzi yokuphila kwezityalo efana nokukhula, ukufunxwa kwamanzi nezondlo nayo iyephazamiseka. Naxa emaninzi amanzi, izityalo azikwazi kuwafunxa amanzi nezondlo. Ngokokuxhomekeka kwibakala lokukhula kuye kubonakale imiqondiso ethile yezityalo. Umzekelo, xa ukuphefumla kweengcambu kucuthekile ngebakala lokukhula kombona, ukufunxeka kwamanzi nako kuya kucutheka ngokulinganayo nto leyo eya kuchaphazela ukufunxeka kwezondlo. Umqondiso oqapheleka lula kukuba tyheli kwamagqabi (chlorosis) ngenxa yokwetha kwe-chlorophyll. Oku kwenziwa kukunqongophala kwe-nitrogen kwisityalo, nangona i-phosphorus ne-postassium nezinye izondlo nazo zinqongophele. Kweli bakala isityalo sithuthela i-nitrogen kumagqabi asematsha ukusuka kulawo madala ukuze kulondolozeke ukukhula. Ukuxinaniswa ngamanzi okuqhubayo kugqibela ngokucutha ukukhula kwamahlumelo esityalo kunye neelahleko kwisivuno.
<fn>Random.9780636072596T.WP.txt</fn>
Wayebobotheke mpela u-Andile lo gama uMthobeli wayejwaqeka ngumsindo.
"Andile ufuna ntoni ngoku."
"Ndicela uxolo ndoda ngokubuza lo mbuzo andiqondanga, ndiyaxolisa." Wangxengxeza uNobuhle ezisola nento ebembuzela yona ngoku.
"Awusemhle khawuzise ndibone." Waphakama uMafungwashe wabonisa ngomsesane koonina, bakikizela bewubuka umsesane. Wathi ukuba ahlale phantsi uKumkani waqonda ngeziphambili. "Ingaba ke mntwan'am senilimisile usuku lo mtshato?
Kwakuthi ke phambi kokuba kutyiwe apha kuthandazwe kuqala bandule ukudla. Kodwa ke ngolu suku lwanamhlanje bathi besalungislela ukuthandaza uMafungwashe wahlabela ingoma yokuqala eculwe ngumbhexeshi ecaweni.
Basondela kuye bahlala kwisofa leyo awayehleli kuyo bamxhaga macala, yabaganga isofa ngobuntofo-ntofo bayo yanga iyakonwabela nokuchotshwa ngamakhosikazi eKumkani. Bathi ukuhlala kwabo bayana ngamehlo babeka impungo yabo phezu kwetafile yegilasi bemfake phakathi uZintle. UNobuhle inkosikazi enkulu neyokuqala kaKumkani wabuza exhalabile. "Yintoni basangana ubuso mama'uZntle kutheni" Efuxuza uZintle. "Ngu Fungie.?
"Ayikho kaloku eny'into yimali uyabona tshali ndiyayithanda nyani le moto ndiyithengileyo kodwa ingxaki nje ngunkosikazi asikwazi ukuba sichilisane ngemoto eyodwa."
Wanxunguphala umphefumlo wakhe wonakala, kaloku iNkosazana yayingumntu onentliziyo encinci, khumbula ukuba ngezolo oomama bale nzwakazi bebemphathele iimpahla nezipho eziyintaba; namhlanje sebeguqukile bahleka intsini menyo. Ingqondo yakhe yathanda ukubethabethana xa kanti aba bantu ebecinga fanukuba bayamvela xa esentlungwini; ngabona bayenza into yokuhlekisa intlungu yakhe. Waqonda ukuba eyona nto iyakumtsho akhululeke kukuhlamba eshaweni eshushu; aphungule ingqele andule ukulala mhlawumbi nentlungu leyo iyakuhla.
Eli xhwele lalithenjiwe eBhotwe; ngamabhotwe ngoba lalibenzela izinto ezibukwayo, kwesi sihlandlo kwayiwa ecaweni ngabo bobane.
"What's your name again." Emjonge ntsho emehlweni.
"Nihamba nenza ntoni" Emnika isingxobo sakhe kwakunye nezinye iimpahla ebeziphethe. Wahlala phantsi walinganisa isihlangu samlingana?
Waguqa wamqhobosha."Ke lo nto ziyacac'uba zihambisa kamnandi, kutheni zaqina kangaka ungaboph'iqhina le mfene apha. Esazibhenca uZintle. "Ndibhatalisa le nto uthath'izihlangu zam." Encumile uFungie ehleli kwisitulo esihlala abantu abalinganisa izihlangu, wentla ngoKumkani owayelaqaza ekhangela.
Yalungiswa yonke into ngokwendlela yayo. Amadoda nabafazi babeme bume kuphithizelwa eBhotwe kungumhla omkhulu. U-Andile nanje ngamalume womyeni wayemi bume exhaphe amagwebu ebile esihla amanzi. Umtshato ngokwakwaXhosa intombi yeKumkani iphuma emabaleni yandule ukugqibezela umtshato kowayo. Ilali yaseNgonyama yayinkulu kakhulu nebala elalilikhulu; elibala kwakuqhutyelwa kulo izinto ezininzi nemicimbi ebalulekileyo. Kwakubalekelwa kwakulo, kudlalwa nebhola nditsho nombhoxo. Ngalo mhla elibala lalizele limi ngeembambo ngoba kaloku inkosazana iyatshata. Izinovoyiya ezazithengiwe kulo mtshato wonke ubani kulo mawakawaka ayelapho wayengenasikrokro. Kwakungekho nto ingekhoyo abantu bezigcibhela.
Ungaxhali wena mntwan'omhle ziza kuba mbalwa mhlawumbi ezimbini. Okwangoku sisagqibile ningakhululeka.
"Ndicela undigqithisele amanzi lawo." UZintle elungisa iglasi yokugalela amanzi."
"Kufuneka uzilungiselele ke ntombazana mhlawumbi ungafumana isoka, kwaye lo mfana ubonakala enembeko nothando." Watsho uNobuhle ingathi uyala intombi esele iceliwe.
Niyayibona imosharha eniyenzileyo Ukumkani wayengqunga kweli gumbi ebalahlela nezandla?
Kwathi emva kwexesha wangena uMafungwashe wamanga emphuza. "Ndiyazi ukuba uqumbile, kodwa mamela zinyanga ndagqibela ukubhabha kwaye ngathi ndingaphinda kodwa ndifuna ukuphinda nawe. Ndiyakucela wethu nje olu suku lwanamhlanje soze siphinde." Emtsala. "Yiza ndifuna sibhabhe sobabini, khawuze mani." Wamqaphela ukuba umyeni wakhe akonwabanga kwaye akamhlanga kwaphela.
Bangqinelana kwayiwa kwaMthobeli, wothuka uFungie akubona indlu kaMthobeli akakwazi ukuzibamba. "Yhazi umntu xa ekujongele kude akanakutsho ukuba ungulo mntu unguye."
"Oh Fungie." Wayephelile yintsini egigitheka. "Kodwa njena noba awubanga kho apha eBukhosini, uncede xa silapho eBhayi ubekho ndiyakucela."
Wavalwa umlomo kukungena kukaKumkani emotweni. Waba ngase angene aphikise uKumkani kulo ntlebendwane wabuya wazinqanda. Bayo kufika eMtata sebengabadanga kakhulu encokweni uSithembiso eyiqhuba ngokwakhe incoko, uKumkani engenamdla emane ethatha ngokuphendula lo nto ibuzwayo abuye ecwaka. USithembiso yabethana ingqondo yakhe kodwa akayicinga nje tu ukuba uKumkani umvile kwincoko yakhe.
"Kuza kufuneka sithathe amaso, amacici, ibhengile nditsho imisesane yembala. Bafazi mna ndifuna silale siqinisekile namhlanje zonke ezi zinto zisesandleni."
"Ndisay'okuzihlaziya phay'echibini eny'into liyatshisa namhlanje."
UZintle waba nosizi nemvakalelo ngemeko kaMafungwashe.
"Kodw'andiyiqondi le nto."
"Beliphi elicebo lakho, Zintle wohlulekile ngumendo woyisekile?
Kwahlabela umfana owayedlamke ngokwenene watsho ngendyondyo eyatsho wonke umzalwana owayelapho eCaweni wagungqa; nditsho namakhosikazi akwaNgonyama ashukuma. Yashukuma icawe umfana ingoma eyiphethe. Wasuka kwisihlalo esingasemva eso ebehleli kuso wenyuka ngerhangi etshambaza ngengoma yakhe emyoli, waya kuma eqongeni. Wonke ubani wayejonge kuye bambi beqalaza bejonge ikwayala eyayinyukela eqongeni. Yathi ukuba ikwayala ime ngendawo, waqalisa umfana lo ebehlabele wabalungisa kakuhle ngendlela esakugqiba wabathathela ikhi wabhexesha ikwayala. Yatsho kamnandi yabashiya abanofefe nentliziyo ezincinci ezibuthathaka belila iinyembezi abo basindisiweyo yayingathi sele bengenile eZulwini.
UKumkani wasondela wahlala ecaleni kwentombi yakhe bamfaka phakathi noNobuhle. "Bendicela nje kolu tyelelo lwalo mfana wakwaZulu uMntwan'uSithembiso ndiyakucela." Watsho la mazwi asuka emazantsi entliziyo uKumkani elusizi ebucenga. "Kodwa Kumkani.'
UNobuhle wayenendawana ebufudumala.
Hayi mani ntombazana ndiqhoboshe.' Elungisa unyawo lwakhe ukuba uFungie amqhoboshe.
"Kumkani uthetha ngale fama yakho yodumo?
Apha ke eBhotwe kwakuthi xa kufike indwendwe elibalulekileyo nje ngoMaison Blanche lwamkeleke ngendlela eyodwa, laliqaliswa eNkundleni landule ke ngoku ukujikeleziswa ikhaya elo. Kwathi emveni kokuba uMaison Blanche enikiwe isihlalo ngasekunene kukaKumkani kwaculwa umhobe wesizwe waseMzantsi Afrika nomhobe wesizwe waseYiputa. Emva kwemihobe imbongi yabonga kwanga kukho inyikima. Amadoda acula iingoma zakwaNtu axhentsa atyityimba egida, kwamnandi.
"Ndiyakuxhasa Buhle, noko ngumyeni wethu lowa asimbolekwanga asinakude soyike kangako, enye into kufuneka abubone ubungozi bale nto, uzakububona ngokuthi simcacisele ngokwethu. Kodwa umnqwazi wam awuqini ngokudibanisa uKumkani nale nyewe." UNontle wayethandabuza mpela ngale nyewe. "Makhosikazi ndicebisa ukuba siyitshaye isaqhuma, masingaphozisi maseko masiyeni kwangoku entabeni." Watsho evumbuluka uZintle. "Umthandazo wasentabeni awenziwa emini wenziwa ngentseni.
"Kumkani andidlali nditheth'inyani ndiyawuchitha lo mtshato ndifuna kusasa wenze eso simemelelo. Uxelele wonke ubani ukuba umtshato uchithiwe." Yakhala intombi izigqume ngetyali. UKumkani wamangala exakene nento ngethamsanqa wegqi uMthobeli enxibe i-ovalolo engemdakanga kuyaphi equthe iintyatyambo. Waphakama uKumkani wamshiya uFungie equbude apho emshiya nomyeni wakhe owafika waguqa phambi kwakhe.
"E-e-e yintombi yam yokuqala ngqa le kwiintombi zam nguMafungwashe abayithandayo bathi Fungie okanye Nkosazana."
"Kwedini uyawubona umonakalo owenzileyo?
UMthobeli wayijonga inqwelo ntaka leyo yade yokusithela. Wathi xa ecinga ukungena endlwini wagilana no-Andile ekwakudala emi apho emva kwakhe. Andile, undothusela ntoni?
"Ndiyathemba ukuba isithembiso sokonwabisa intombi yam uyakusigcina kwaye le nto ingcwatyiwe kule ndawo namhlanje."
"Next time." Watsho uMaison ezama ukuzikhulula.
"Uyambona indlela aqiniseke ngayo ke lonto kuyacaca mpela ukuba uyayazi into athetha ngayo. Ushishino uyalubona mntakabawo. Umntu ungambona umdele. " UNontle watsho ezitika kanobom ngenyama yekwalakuni eyayilapho.
Wabalekiselwa esibhedlele esisesekhusini, ikakhulu esi sibhedlela sasisetyenziswa zizitatanyiswa. Wamxilonga ugqirha wafumanisa ukuba urhogole ivumba elimenzakalise amathatha ngoko ke ezinye zecells ziza kuchaphazeleka kodwa noko umonakalo awumkhulanga kwaye amayeza aza kumnika wona aza kumnceda.
"Awu nkosi yam, mntwan'omhle khawusowuxola mhlekazi wam, mntwan'egazi."
Bathi emva kweenyanga sebehleli bobabini bonwabe ngokwenene bafumanisa ukuba uMafungwashe ukhulelwe; kwaye ukhulelwe abantwana abangamawele amakhwenkwe. UMafungwashe wohlukana nenqwelo ntaka nje ukuba eve ukuba uneenyanga ezine ekhulelwe. Lwaye lukhula uthando kuMthobeli wohlukana naye nenqwelo ntaka wajonga unkosikazi. Zavakala iindaba ezimyoli kuNdlunkulu, bamenyelwa kwisidlo sangokuhlwa; u-Andile nosapho lwakhe, uKumkani nosapho lwakhe, bavuyisana apho noMthobeli bemphathele izipho ezizintlobo ngentlobo. Kwabamnandi kwelikhaya inqwelo ntaka bakhe bayizila bayiphumlela.
"Kuye kwathini sisi, kwenzeke ntoni" UZintle embambe ngesilevu efuna ukumngqala ubuso ngobuso ethethela ezantsi?
"Mholweni bethuna, namhlanje kum yimini eyodwa yimini eyahlukileyo, soze niyikholelwe into eyenzekileyo. Inqwelo ntaka yam ibingavumi ukubhabha iinyanga namhlanje ibhabhile, ukuba bekungekuba ndityelelwe nguwe Kumkani bendiza kukhe ndihlale pha phezulu lide ixesha ndingasa ntingi. Ndinganenzela ntoni namhlanje?
Wabuya waqonda ukuba leyo ayinakumnceda. Wathi sele ecinga ukulila wabuya waziqinisa. Wanyoshoza wehlela kumagumbi asezantsi kwelo hlombe elwalumamkela ngezandla ezingenamkhinkqi.
Bathandaza belila bamcela usomBawo ukuba azibonakalise aphendule iingxaki abanayo. uNobuhle wayeqhaqhazela yintlungu enga uthetha nomntu ambonayo, enazo nendawo ezicengayo nezizicengezelelayo.
Wemka uMthobeli wathi emva kwemizuzu yesiqingatha wazo kundandazela kufuphi nesikhululo. UKumkani wadikwa yiyo yonke le nto wacela uGatyeni ukuba bayokumlindela enqweleni uMthobeli. Bamlindela apho ke wathi emva kwexesha yabuya inqwelo ntaka yazinza phantsi, wehla uMthobeli wayijikeleza, uKumkani waqonda icebo kukuba bamkhawulele ngoba ejongile nje soze bahoywe nguMthobeli; benjenjalo ke bafikela endodeni eyababulisa ngobubele obukhulu.
Kumkani khawume torho ngokuthatheka komfana wakwaZulu, iyalumeza ezindlebeni zam yonke le nto. Masikhangele le lokhwe sibone ukuba isandilingana na. Babhuqa; babhuqa bancama ingabonakali ndawo ilokhwe. UKumnkani wacinga icebo lokuba bakhe bayokukhangela kuvobe weempahla ezisesitoreni mhlawumbi ingabalapho. Bathi bakufika apho babona ubuninzi beempahla bawa amandla uKumkani wacela abaqeshwa ababini ukuba bakhangele phakathi kwezo mpahla.
Wanyantsula u-Andile wangena emotweni eshiya uMthobeli apho. Ukonwaba kuMthobeli kwaphela vuthu wangena endlwini yakhe enayo nendawo enamadolo atyhafileyo. Wayicinga into ka-Andile eyicingisisa nzulu kodwa engenaziphumo. Yaphathwa ngumva ndedwa indoda. Wahlala kwigumbi lokuphumla engazi ukuba kule nqotsonqa angazikhupha njani.
UZintle wayedlala ngosiba lokubhala ephatha kuliqengqa kwezo nhyeke zakhe.
"Khandiphapha ke myeni wam ingaba ke ngoku nje ngoba ugqiba ukuthenga ifama enexabiso elingaka, ilobola ke ngoku yona uzakukwazi senditsho mhlawumbi."
"Yhe, mani Andile uyithatha phi le nto uyithethayo?
UNobuhle waphakama kulo sofa ababehleli kuyo esikwa yinimba ngoba uMafungwashe yayintombi yakhe yokuqala, nanje ngoko wayengumfazi wokuqala weKumkani. Wathi chu ekhathazekile waya ngakumphokomela wefestile eyayilenze elo gumbi lagqama bubunewunewu balo. Wabuka isibhakabhaka wajika wajonga kubo, nabo babemjonge bengaqhwanyazi.
Bahleka bonke buyeke-yeke bengaboni sisombululo.
"Siyakufanela khawuphakame ndibone, khawujike."
"Ndingayo kuhlamba torho ngoku, ndihluthi nyani bonanje. " Watsho enyukela kumagumbi aphezulu. Wacima lomakhandlela uMafungwashe ewavuthela ngomsindo naye zange abesakwazi ukutya; wanyukela kumagumbi aphezulu wayo kulala. Wavuka ekuseni wathi uyampampatha ebethwa kukutshisa kwelanga elalingena efestileni wavuka umyeni engekho. Wehlela kumagumbi asezantsi ekhwaza uMthobeli emjonga nakwamanye amagumbi wafika engekho. Wayiqonda nje mhlophe ukuba usesikhululweni. Watsalela umnxeba u-Andile eqonda ngoMthobeli wafika kusithiwa uphaya, u-Andile zange amphe themba wamxelela ukuba uyakumbona uMthobeli ukulunga kwala nqwelo ntaka; ngoba yeyona ayithandayo kwaye sobe abhadle kude kulunge la nqwelo ntaka.
"Inkosikazi yakho izakufun'ukuqonda ngoba eyona nto beniyizele kukudla, masingene yiza."
"Ingathi iza kulunga yonke le nto xa nonkosikazi wakho enenjongo eziphakame kangaka zokuncedisa." Wayencume ngokungazenzisiyo u-Andile. Bafika esithebeni bahlala ngokwendawo zabo uMafungwashe wacela uMthobeli ukuba ahlabele la ngoma ayithandayo, kodwa wabuya waqaphela ukuba umyeni wakhe akanamdla, waphela eyihlabela ngokwakhe loo ngoma.
Wafika umYiputa ekhwele enqweleni eyayingumrhubhe , ikhokele amaphakathi awayekhwele izithuthuthu amanye ekhwele amahashe amanye ama-esile.
UMafungwashe wothuka akuva le ncoko iloluhlobo kanti wonke lamalungiselelo enzelwa yena. UKumkani; uMaison namaphakathi abalulekileyo akwaXhosa baqhutywa ngemoto ezisesidimeni zakwaKumkani kwayiwa kwifama kaKumkani; eyayinezilwanyana zasendle apho ubutyebi beKumkani babulele khona.
"Mna mama bendicinga ukuba uKumkani uyedwa pha mna ndiye ndazixelela ukuba iNkosana iza kufika ngela xesha umfana womYiputa wafika ngalo apha bendingayazi ukuba uMntwan'uSithembiso sele endilindele."
"Mamela ke kwedini ngale mali ndikunike yona apha, ndifuna wonwabise intombi yam, andifuni nokubona iinyembezi emehlweni wakhe. Ndiyathemba ukuba awukundiphoxa?
"Kodwa Mam'uZintle uyamazi uKumkani akulula ukuba ancokole ngendaba zokwabelana ngesondo nabantwana ingakumbi abancinci."
La makhosikazi zange azame kakhulu nje ngakuqala noko ayekelela umxakatho kwesi sihlandlo. Umvoci wayesayolelwe yiyo yonke le nto eliqonda ishishini lakhe liyahamba kwaye ukuba angathi chu ngcembe ukubenza iinwele ishishini lakhe lingakhula, ngoba ufumene ikhastoma zoqobo. Wabacela ukuba zebangadinwa xa befuna ukuvocwa yena ukhona, ngangendlela awuthanda ngawo umsebenzi wakhe akakhathali nokuba kusezinzulwini zobusuku akanangxaki. Angeza ababethe manca nje ngoko ebenzile kwiveki ephelileyo. Baziva bengelangxaki ngoba nabo bayawuthanda umsebenzi wakhe kwaye uyabonakala.
Kwasa kwayimini elandelayo uKumkani wayithakazelala le mini ngoba uMyiputa wayefika eMzantsi Afrika; uKumkani wamlindela umYiputa kwinkundla yakhe. Inkundla yayilungiswe yahonjiswa ngenxa zonke ngoba utyelelo lwalubalulekile. UKumkani waya eNkundleni esisiwa ngenye yemoto eziphezulu eyayiphelezelwa ngama-esile namahashe awayeqhutwya ngamaphakathi.
Wamyeka ukumxakathisa wothuka uMthobeli wabila wabanako ukungathembi akazazi nokuba uzifaka engxakini okanye uya ebumnandini bobomi. "Ndiyathembisa.'Wamt shikilela uKumkani wamshiya apho; sehambile waphinda wajika wayaleza kwakhona. "Ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesixhenxe, ne" Wanqwala uMthobeli?
Waqaphela ukuba iimbuso zihlwile olwalonwabo bebenalo izolo luphelile. "Into zenu, izolo oku benonwabile nihlekela phezulu namhlanje senithe khunubembe."
UMafungwashe wayeziphumlele kwigumbi lakhe lokulala. Intombazana le yayichitha isithukuthezi ngokufunda imiqulu yeencwadi yayizigcine kanjalo. Kwigumbi lakhe lokulala kwakugcwele ulwaphice lwemiqulu yeencwadi.
UMafungwashe owabona umyeni wakhe esehla phezulu walila akayeka, baphuma noyise kulo moto babekhweli kuyo zaphakama zonke izitatanyiswa kunye nabo bonke ababekhwele eqongeni wadlalelwa umculo opholileyo umakoti.
"Mafungwashe but you can call me Fungie."
Wegwiqi wabashiya apho. UMafungwashe lo wayezenzisa ngathi wonwabile kuba engafuni abazali bakhe bazikhathaze kakhulu ngento ayixelele umam'omncinci wakhe; ngoba babezithulula bethenga izipho nje babezama ukumonwabisa wabakrobela. Baphindela apho bebeyeke khona ekunxunguphaleni yabangathi khange bancume. UZintle wayemi ngakumphakamela wefestile; abanye abafazi babeqwalasele futhi kwifestile eyayikwelinye icala le gumbi. UNontle waphakama kwisofa leyo ababehleli kuyo. "Ndinganiphathela isiselo okanye into ephungwayo."
"Khanibe nombono wethu sesingabakhozi baseYiputa."
Bawanqa abafazi beKumkani bezitika ngako konke abakuthandayo kulo dolophu iBhayi bathi emva kwemini babuyela endlwini bafikisana noKumkani nentombi yakhe. Esi sibini sona sasiyichithele epakini imini sisakha ubuhlobo phakathi kwentombi noyise; kwaye loo ndlela yaba negalelo yayimpumelelo ngoba uMafungwashe wanethemba nangakumbi uyise futhi wamazi bhetele kunendlela ebecinga ukuba umazi ngayo.
"Hayi sisi ungazenzakalisi akukho gxeke apha, nje thina kukunceda apha naphaya, Yiza, yiza ntomb'am." Emsondeza kuye. "Ndiza kukhethela ilokhwe ozakuyinxiba." Wamthi chu ngengalo wahamba naye banyukela kumagumbi aphezulu. UMafungwashe wayebhidekile engqondweni engazi nokuba wenza zona nokuba ubetha ecaleni. Bafika ke kwelo gumbi likaMafungwashe. "Yeyiphi ke lelokhwe uthi yeyona yona Kumkani' Evula icango lwewadrobe yakhe UMafungwashe?
Wathandabuza uMafungwashe kukuyokuchitha ubusuku kwaMthobeli kodwa waphinda wambona nje ngomntu othembekileyo uMthobeli ongenabungozi.
"Nice to meet you too."
"Bethuna ndicinga ukuba siyeni kula magumbi aphezulu, phofu siye kweliya likaFungie simcaciseleni."
Yahamba ke into ka nantsi yafika eBhayi yazithengela iimpahla ezintsha zodwa; yafaka imali ebiyinikezwe nguKumkani ebhankini ayathatha nepeni emdaka. Yagoduka ivuya iiphethwe yimincili, wayethenge iziteki ezimhlophe nebhulukhwe emnyama yamapantsula nesipoti esimhlophe, wayelipantsula lokwenene ngalo mini. Wagoduka wayokuhlamba endlwini yakhe, wahlamba oko kuqala wazifaka izinongo ezatsho kwenzwanga endlwini kwanuka eso siqholo.
Ubucwebe besilivere akukaqinisekwa.
"Nindiphoxile baningenwe yintoni?
UMthobeli wayinokoza into yokuba uMafungwashe ufuna laa mawele bawathiye ngegama likaKumkani naye ngoba angayivuyela loo nto. Baphindela bebuka ilali yaseNgonyama nemilambo, neengxangxasi zasengonyama. UMafungwashe wayevuya ngeyona ndlela; emxelela umyeni wakhe eyona ndlela onwabe ngayo ngoba egqibele kudala ukuba onwabe nomyeni wakhe, nakuKumkani kwakuthe xibilili ebona umkhwenyana wakhe onwabile, namakhosikazi eKumkani ayeqonda ukuba umkhwenyana uxolile mhlawumbi uyakuthetha ukuba ukhathazwa yintoni kangaka.
NoKumkani uqobo wayemkhupha ngokumthemba amaxesha amaninzi; wayesazi ukuba izinto zakhe zihamba kakuhle ingakumbi xa uGatyeni ephakathi. Ngoko ke zange abe endindiza ethandabuza wangqala ngqo emsebenzini wakhe wabuya nempendulo ebilindelekile.
Bathi kusuku olulandela olo ooKumkanikazi baya kwintlanganiso eyayiza kubanjwa eNkquleni yaseBhotwe ngalo ntsasa, kwathi kuba umyeni wayengaxakekanga ngolu suku wayithakazelela yonke lento yale ntlanganiso nabatshakazi bakhe.
Mna ukukhokela abantu asinto endikhe ndiyicinge ngoba andinambono wam ndikhokele isizwe.' UMafungwashe wayethe gcobho esofeni isitya sesikhencezisi.
Waphuma kwelo gumbi amehlo ebomvu ngokwenene uMafungwashe wazixelela ukuba akasoze tu amcenge kwaye akamkhathalelanga nokuba angaqumba. Into awayenzayo waqubula imoto yakhe wabheka edolophini ezixelele ukuba mhlawumbi lo uqumbileyo uzakubuya ethothile koko kuqumba. Wamshiya apho. UMthobeli wathatha iziselo zewayini ezazikho apho endlwini wazintyintya ngenyembezi zikaVictoria. Wathi ebuya uMafungwashe wabuya umyeni elele yoyi. Kwathi ngentseni elandelayo uMafungwashe wazama ukucacisa imbangi yokusebenzisa kwakhe inqwelo ntaka; kwaye ibingezo njongo ukuba lo nto ixabanise intsapho yakhe. UMthobeli wacela uxolo ngendlela enze ngayo ngezolo, wamcacisela indlela amthanda ngayo yena enguMthobeli. Wamangala uMafungwashe ngamazwi othando owayephuma kuMthobeli ngoba wayevakala nje ngomntu okungathi uyazazi ukuba uzakubhubha okanye mhlawumbi umtshato wabo ufikelele esiphelweni ngandlela ithile. Yamothusa nendlela uMthobeli alila ngayo xa emcacisela la mazwi. Wanxunguphala wazisola ngokusebenzisa kwakhe inqwelo ntaka ngoba ebengazi ukuba izakumenzakalisa kangaka umyeni wakhe.
Kodwa bethuna anincedi nto nje niyamosha kwaye ndiyacela, ndicela nibuye umva kuyo yonke le nto yesoka ndizakulifumana, noko sanukube nizixhalabisa kangaka. Noko nokuba kuthiwa anditshati kodwa asiyondlela yokutshatwa lena. Izinto ziyamosheka xa umntu ezama kangaka ade aphume iphulo.
"Ndingqinelana nawe lihle iceba lakho, khange ndiyicinge tu into yomthandazo wasentabeni, kwaye akukho nto yodlula leyo ndikwanengqiniseko ethi uKumnkani uyakusiphulaphula ngenyameko, nokuba sinokuya ngoku entabeni." Wayeyonwabele uZintle le ngcamango, uNobuhle wahlunguzela intloko wabonakalisa ukungavumelani nabo. "Ndiyalithanda nam eli cebo lakho Zintle, kodwa andiqondi ukuba iyakulunga lo nto, mna bendisithi masicele intlanganiso naye phaya eNkundleni athethe nathi ubuso ngobuso, asinakumbhalela incwadi noko."
Le ntwana injani na, ndiyayazi iyazifela ngala nqwelo ntaka yayo, kodwa nyamezela ntomb'am kuza kulunga. Ukulunga kwala nqwelo ntaka izinto ziza kubuyela esiqhelweni. Sukulila sisi.' Ethuthuzela uKumkani yabe igixa intombi.
"Mholo ntomb'am, wangxama kangaka ikhon'indawo oya kuyo" Wayenoncumo olungazenzisiyo?
Kwathi emva kwemini wavuka uMafungwashe wahlamba, umoya wakhe wonwabe ngeyona ndlela. Wathi esahleli egadini kwindawo epholileyo yakhala ifowuni yakhe, wavuya kakhulu xa ebona ukuba nguMthobeli.
"Nokuba yeyaluphi na uhlobo kodwa kufuneka ibemhlophe."
"Be-be bendicinga ukuba uKumkani." Inzwakazi yayinesingqal ixakwe nakukuthetha.
"Zweli." Waphendula uZintle esazibhenca phofu esipilini.
"Uyabona Andile ukuba usebenzisa amayeza amabi kum soze ulunge andikhathali noba uvela kweliphi ilizwe, uyandiva?
"UKumkani" bakhuza xesha nye, bejongajongana.
"Umntu onjani ke sisi?
UMthobeli noMafungwashe babengesaxhaphakelananga nje ngakuqala, kodwa emnxebeni wayeyiqinisekisa uMthobeli ukuba akupheli suku engathethanga noMafungwashe. Wayemtsalela umnxeba ekuseni, emini nditsho ezinzulwini zobusuku, hayi uthando lwaluvutha amalangatya. Intliziyo kaMafungwashe yayiqinisekile ukuba uMthobeli ngoyena yena usenyongweni ngoba amaxesha amaninzi bayangqinelana.
Ndingavuya kambe ukuba kungabuyiselwa isidima soluntu ebantwini, ingakumbi esabantwana bendlu yegazi nanjengoko saxuthwa sarhuqwa eludakeni. Yanga umzi kaXhosa ungaqhubeka ekuxhaseni nasekukhuliseni indlu yegazi, intlonipho nesidima sethu size sibuye.
"Ungazikhathazi ngokutsala mnxeba ndiza kukutsalela."
"Mamela apha kwedini ndifuna wena wonwabise intombi yam, ndifuna umonwabise ngeendlela zonke, qha nje wena undixelele ixabiso ndizakukubhatala."
"Kodwa Mthobeli utya phi, ngoba lusuku lwesine olu uvuka ngentseni ubuye ngorhatya zonke ezi ntsuku awutyi futhi ubuya udiniwe uyile nto uyiyo. Khawuhlale phantsi utye.' "Uyabona ke ngoku uqalile ndiyakuxelela ukuba ndidiniwe kwaye ndihluthi, bendityile isonka nobisi esikhululweni; nditya ezo zinto zonke ezintsuku zine."
Wathi ukuba akhokele uMafungwashe aye emzini wakhe walandela uGatyeni noKumkani nje ezinyaweni zakhe baye ngqo esikhululweni senqwelo ntaka bafika bangqala ngqo kuMthobeli. UKumkani wamthatha bucala, wamtyityimbisela umnwe, wamxelela ukuba yena angakulinge amqhele kakubi akafuni kuphinda ave no nywe nantoni na nditsho iinyembezi ebusweni buka Mafungwashe akafuni nokuyelam.
Watsho esithi qhiwu isandla.
"Kanti awanelanga yila mali bendikunike yona. Amatyala wala mzi wakho kutheni ingathi uzakuwaxhoma emagxeni wam nje.' Wayembambe ngobhongwane emkrwitsha mpela u-Andile. "Ndibulale wena, mhlawumbi abantu bazakufuna ukuqonda ngoba kaloku ndingunyokolume omthanda ngentliziyo yakho yonke, mhlawumbi ndingabathela tshuphe kulo vimba wam. ""Andile ndicela undinike inyanga ibenye ndizakuyithenga le moto uyifunayo." Evuthulula izandla.
UMthobeli wathi akuva iindaba zomtshato neNkosazana, waba nombono wakhe sele ehlala efama kwaKumkani yayingase wonke ubani akwazi okwenzekayo ebomini bakhe, kodwa wayengakwazi kwazisa nabani; ngoba wayethembisile ukuba izakuba lihlebo lakhe noKumkani yonke lento yenzekayo. Bangena ngaphakathi bangqala kwigumbi lokutyela, iphunga elali kule ndlu lamtsho walamba uMthobeli enqanda nezincwe ezaziqukuqela emlonyeni wakhe. Itafile yayigcwele zizinovoyiya zakwamlungu ezazinongwe zahonjiswa ngenxa zonke.
Waqhutywa umtshato wayokugqityezelwa emabaleni eBhotwe kwiNkundla kaKumkani baphuma apho bayo kuwuqongqothela ngaphakathi ebhotwe. U-Andile wayehamba ngezantya ngoba nguye owayesenza amalungiselelo eqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ingendlela. Nangexesha lokuba kwenziwe amazwi wokubulelwa kweendwendwe u-Andile yayinguye obulelayo emanxadanxada; uKumkani wamcela u-Andile ngoba kaloku wayebonakala nje ngendoda enenkathalo nenenyameko ingakumbi ngezenzo zakhe. NoMthobeli wamxelela uyisezala ukuba u-Andile yindoda enentliziyo entle kudala ukususu'uba uMthobeli eqala ukusebenza kwisikhululo seenqwelo ntaka ebesebenzisana no-Andile, u-Andile indoda enentsebenziswano.
"Ngomso ke Mthobeli sizakuya egqwetheni lam igqwetha lilo elizakusityikityisa isivumelwano."
Ezama ukucacisa uNobuhle ngoloyiko, sebemi xhonxosholo ngenyawo.
Babencume bebobothekile ooKumkanikazi bengakwazi ukuzibamba, bathi koko kuncuma kwalo mvula babasa iwondi lomlilo lodidi oluphezulu lwexabiso elali kwelo gumbi lokuphumla; bondlala ityali babeka iiglasi ezithe ncothu zochwepheshe. Babulela kuYehova ngomthandazwana omfutshane bathe emveni kwawo bazonwabisa ngezogilasi zesiselo esibandayo; bazitoxoza ngewayini yodidi oluphezulu bazithi rhasha kwanobomi bezitika bazitsho kanobom.
"Nkos'yam, mhlekazi." Wajamzela, ebetha kuhle umnene ekekelise negxalaba ukuya kuKumkani. UKumkani zange akholwe tu ngulo tsotsi amthengele umntwana wakhe.
"Ungabinaxhala Nkosazana ungalala phaya kwam, kwigumbi le ndwendwe, ubatsalele umnxeba ubaxelele ukuba namhlanje awuzukulala eBhotwe; kwaye usendaweni ekhuselekileyo kwaMthobeli noMthobeli."
UKumkani noGatyeni ngentseni yangomvulo bandwendwela umbhexeshi. Babenxibe impahla ezimnyama nebhatyi ezikwamnyama neendondo; wawunokucinga baya kwintlanganiso ephakamileyo. Waqhuba uGatyeni imoto eyayingumgrugra; intle ineefestile ezimnyama. Umfana lo ungumbhexeshi wayesebenza kwisikhululo senqwelo ntaka, wayeyinjineli elungisa iinqwelo ntaka ezo.
UKumkani wayazisa intsapho yakhe kuMaison Blanche ephethwe libhongo nemivuyo. Waqala ngenkosikazi yakhe yokuqala.
"Bethuna ndiba siyamazi sonke ubhuti lo, igama nguMthobeli ngumbhexeshi phaya ecaweni; ndiba besiyibonile sonke ikwayala yakhe."
Wamvoca ke umfana uFungie wambetha manca zahamba iintsuku yafika yona imini ebikade ixelwa yafika nelokhwe yakwa Sun Goddess afika amaso, namasomi nemisesane evela eMabheleni zonke ezi zinto zazenziwe ngegodwana zemithi zithiwe chu ngamajijo kwakunye neerhalenana ezayitsho yabukeka ngokwenene imisesane. Amakhosikazi athi ukuba kufike ilokhwe wacelwa uMafungwashe ukuba anxibe agaxele imisesane, namaso, nemisomi nalo macici na kakade.
"Nimathele ntoni ke, yintoni enimathisayo, thyini nimathile."Wabashiya apho akayeka ukukhuza eshwabula engayilibali into yokuhlala ahlale amoshe ilobola, elobola izimathi ezingakwaziyo ukusebenzisa ingqondo nje ngabafazi bakhe. Abafazi bazithulela basuka bayana ngamehlo bexakwe yindlela umyeni wabo asuke wayibeka emagxeni wabo yonke le ngxaki yokuphulukana nomYiputa.
UNontle wayesaphithanise imilenze. "Umbala omhlophe mhle mna bendicebisa ibe yilokhwe yesintu. Impahla emhlophe imenza umntu agqame ngakumbi kunakuqala. Ubucwebe zinkosi siza kuthatha obunjani, isilivere okanye igolide. Isilivere ngathi iyakuwufanela umbala omhlophe."
"Nice to meet you."
"Thyini Mthobeli, ufuna ukuthi andikhathali, ude undiqumbele. Mthobeli vula apha, vula" Enkqonkqoza ngamandla?
"Abantu inene emhlabeni ngeke bakuxelele into abayifunayo. Bayoyika ukondla, bayakoyika ukondliwa, kanti bafuna eyiphi." Aphela amakhosikazi yintsini.
"Wabale amazwi wakho mfo wam inkosikazi yakho izakufuna ukuqonda ukuba xa uqala ukungandihloniphi, kaloku yona iyandithanda nje ngayisezala. Masingene ngaphakathi mhlawumbi ukudla kulungile." Watsho emshiya.
Waphelezela uKumkani bashiyeka abafazi begobhe izidlele beyiqonda ukuba bone ndawoni kwaye intaka ibhabhisile, batsho banxuba sisizathu sokubhabha kwentaka esandleni.
"Khawutsho ke ndoda ngubani okuncedisayo kuzo zonke ezi zinto zakho, baphi abazali bakho okanye uncediswa ngabantakwenu."
"Ndiphilile, ndilapha phambi kweBhote ndingathanda ukukubona."
"Ndiyacinga ukuba sigqibele ngoku, masigodukeni." Behla intaba bexheleke mpela benayo nendawo ethandabuzayo; kodwa ithemba lijikeleze umqala ngenxa yomoya obandayo owababethayo. Kulo ntaba babecaca gca okwekati emhlophe ehlungwini ngoba babenxibe ezigqamileyo bonke.
INkosana yakwaZulu yafika kwangentseni ngalo mini, noko ulwamkelo zange lufane nolwamkelo lomYiputa lwabuya ngeneno. Kwenzeka ke ukuba abaqeshwa bayifumane ilokhwe bayibonisa iKumkani ngamabhongo namagugu ilokhwe yeNkosaza ifumanekile. UKumkani wabacela ukuba baye kwigumbi lika Fungie bamcele ukuba ayinxibe angakhe alinge amphoxe wanqonqozisa uKumkani ngenxa zonke. Abaqeshwa bafika bamyalela oko bakuthunywe yiKumkani. INkosazana yabuza ukuba iKumkani iphi; bamxelela ukuba ikwigumbi lokuphumla kodwa zange bayityhilele indlebe iNkosazana ukuba iKumkani ayiyodwa kukho namandwendwe.
Wabanokuthandabuza, noloyiko kodwa waziqinisa Ikhona yiNkosazana uNobathembu.
"Hayi ke ngoku, tyhini bethuna, andiyazi ke le undenzela yona, ukubhabha nje andikhumbuli ukuba kungamenzela ingozi lo mntwana. "UMthobeli zange ahoye, aphendule nanye waya ngqo kwigumbi lwangasese. Walandela uMafungwashe emngxolisa.
"UMthobeli ucele umtshato."
UMthobeli wamthembisa ukuba uzakumphathela uMafungwashe isipho esihle ukogqitha izipho azakuzifumana ngolo suku lwezipho zamabhaso omtshato. Oodade nabayeni bakaMafungwashe bafika kwangethuba kwakiveki ezingaphambili phambi kokuba uMafungwashe atshate. Enziwa amalungiselelo omtshato. Oomama bakaMafungwashe babeme bume bebhinqele phezulu beodola zonke izinto eziza kuba yimfuneko ngemini yomtshato. Kwayiwa kwaSun Goddess koku-odolwa ilokhwe yomtshato, kwayiwa kumzi weentyatyambo kwayo kufunwa uncedo bacelwa ukuba bazo kuhombisa indlu ngosuku lo mtshato ngeentyatyambo zabo. Abaphelela apho baya kubavoci benwele babacela bagqitha nalapho; bayokukhetha ikuku yomtshato kumzi owawuthengisa ikuku zemitshato nezo kuzalwa bakhetha intlobo yekuku abayithandayo.
UFungie yayingase amngxolise uyise okanye agxothe looNkosana yakwaZulu yayitsho ngoncumo.
Bamcela uFungie, kodwa uZintle wasitshintsha eso sigqibo sokuya edolophini wacela ukuba umvoci weenwele azo kumvocela eBhotwe ngoba mhlawumbi ukuba abantu bangafumanisa ukuba kukho amalungiselelo afana nala ingakumbi ngezolo bebegqiba idolophu bethenga konke namhlanje balungisa unwele kwaye balindele ilokhwe bangafuna ukuqonda futhi bayibeke ngenye indlela engeyiyo sele beyibaxa ingakumbi iintatheli ezithanda ukuthi into incinci ziyenze nkulu, ziza kube zikhala ngosuku lokufika komfana womYiputa.
Batya endlwini kuthe nzwanga benovalo nosizi ukuva iindaba ezibuhlungu kangaka. Kwathi emva kwemizuzu kuthe cwaka.
Bakhuza bonke abalibala, wazitsweba uMthobeli akuva ixabiso le fama kanti liphezulu kangaka.
"Ndiyamthanda lo mfana womYiputa indlela anembeko, nesidima ngayo uyise bathi unemali mntak'abawo usesingawothiyo umlilo. Abanye abafazi banethamsanqa umntu akwazi ukutshata nendoda esi sityebi, abantwana bakhe babenendlebe yokumamela. Kuthiwa indlela akrelekrele ngayo uMaison hayi kuthwa uyagqwesa sisi, uninzi lwabantwana kule mihla xa abazali bezizityebi; baye bangafuni nokuva usubon'uba mntakabawo abanaxesha lalo nto okuya kokuqala. Khanibe nombono sesingabakhozi bakwa Blanche." UZintle wayesele ecimele mba ephupha emini. "Akukho ntlanga zintle emhlabeni ngathi zezo."
UKumkani wamcela uMaison ukuba baqhubekeke babuke iBhotwe, eyona ndawo afuna ukumsa kuyo ufuna ukumsa kwifama yakhe egcwele izilwanyana zasendle.
ziintsukwana nje iphile qethe le ntombazana. Kuye kwenzeka ntoni na bethuna ngoba nanku noMaison eqhekeka intloko?
Abantwana beKumkani babebahle befuze uyise. Le nto abazali zange bayithathele so okanye bayifake entloko. Ekuqaleni phaya uMafungwashe wayengayikhathalelanga naye kodwa wathi emveni kweminyaka emibini udadewabo omncinci etshatile, kwaye kwelakhe icala kungekho nto itsitsayo, waqala usisi waphatheka kakubi yiyo yonke le nto. Wazama ngandlela zonke ukuzidibanisa ezinxulumanisa nabo bonke abantu abaziyo ukuze naye mhlawumbi angaba nethamsanqa azicholele umyeni. Yazama intombi izama ngendlela zonke, hayi torho yohluleka futhi kucaca mhlophe ukuba olu dabi akulo lwesithukuthezi liyamohlula kwaye luyagunyaza alumphi nethuba.
"Hayi Kumkani, hayi Nkosi yam, Mntwan'omhle amaxhala wakho waphose kum ngoba mna ndikukhathalele."
Bashaya umkikizane batshila benza intswahla nengxolokazi ngokunga baninzi. Waqhubeka uKumkani becwaka. "Into endiza kuyenza mandimdibanise neNkosana yaseYiputa iza kutyelela apha ebukhosini kwiNkosi zaseMzantsi Afrika. Kodwa ndiza kucela xa ninonke nindincedise nimhombise, nimnxibise ezingayiwayo nenze kangangoko ninako. UMaison Blanche akatshatanga kwaye ndingavuya ukuba iiNkosana zamaYiputa neeNkosazana zamaXhosa zingatshatana; lo nto ingawatsho amakhonco phakathi kwezintlanga aqine athi ngqi." Elinganisa ukuqina kwala makhonco, amakhosikazi abobotheka bazixelela ukuba kuyalunga izinto zabo ziza kuhamba ngendlela.
"Mna mama andisenabazali, abazali bam babhubha bobabini kwingozi yemoto ndindedwa; nodade wethu wabhubhela kulo ngozi ngoba wayekunye nabo, isihlobo sam umalume wam watshipha eRhawutini."
"Yeyona inokukufanela ke sisi, yeyona ndiyithandayo ukuba unganxiba yona ndiyakuqinisekisa iNkosana yakwaZulu ingathatheka ngokwenene." Waba nentloni uFungie wamjonga ngomothuko emangele kukuva loo mazwi emlonyeni kayise.
UGatyeni wayewuthanda umsebenzi wakhe ngamanye amaxesha wayeziva nje ngesifundiswa esodlula nezo zifundiswa zithwele izidanga, indlela awayephakame ngayo wayenekratshi wayesogqitha nditsho uKumkani lowo wayemsebenzela. UGatyeni yayingala madoda angahlalwa mpukane kukuzithanda. Wayishaya yazula inqwelo mafutha ukuya kwisikhululo senqwelo ntaka. Wafika apho uKumkani washiya umyalelo, wanqonqozisa nakambe wade washicilela amaphepha athile.
"Ubizwe ndim, ndiqondele ukuba mhlawumbi yena nanje ngamalume wako uzakukwazi ukuthetha kuye. Ndiza kunishiya nobabini ke bethuna ixeshana nilungise iingxakana zenu."
"Sukulila sana, uyabona le mpazamo yenzeke namhlanje ayiphinde yenzeke yonke into ifuna ukucwangciswa kwangethuba ibeyimpoxeko lena kuthi sonke."
UKumkani wazixelela ukuba kuyalunga ingakumbi xa uMyiputa eqonda eziphambili ngolu hlobo, waphendula ngoncumo olungazenzisiyo. "She's 25 years and single."
"Ndiyakuthembisa asoze ndinqabe ukusukela namhlanje."
"Iyabiza kwedini lemoto ndiyithengileyo apha."
"Ndiyangqinelana nawe kodwa bendifuna encinane noko kwesi sihlandlo ndiyifunela uNkosikazi; ze afumane yona yena mna ndisebenzise le. Besingekayithethela ngaphakathi le nyewe, ngoba noko kuyatshisa apha" Watsho ekhokela emnyango?
"Uyabona ngobu busuku banamhlanje ndikumemela phaya eBhotwe kwisidlo sangokuhlwa niza kukwazi ukuqhelana kwaye nazane bhetele, nani makwedini sanukuwoyika kangaka amantombazana."
"UFungie" bakhuza xeshanye beqwalasele uZintle. "Kudala le nto iqhubeka lithuba lide ndisiva uMafungwashe elila kwigumbi lakhe lokulala, kodwa ndinganaki ndicinge ukuba mhlawumbi uyathandaza.
Zintle futhi wena uyadelela yintoni le yakho yokuphikisa, kokukuphikisa kwenu konke okukumosha izinto, ndithi mna ndisithi umntu abe emise imixhadi endikorekisha. Zintle wohluliwe ngumendo?
"Ikhona ingxaki nguwe Kumkani."
Thyini uyandigezela Andile ibeyinto yale mpela veki. Yhe! Mani ucinga ukuba ndiyithatha phi imali.
"Mamela ke sisi utat'uza kukulinda ngaphandle ungathatha ixesha elaneleyo lokuzilungisa. Kodwa ungandibambezeli ntomb'am" Watsho wegwiqi uKumkani wamshiya uFungie wagxabha-gxabhisa wehlela kumagumbi angezantsi waphumela ngaphandle wangena emotweni wayishaya yazula uKumnkani ukuya edolophini. Yayingesanxibe kakuhle intombi enkulu icwabeke intliziyo imhlophe okwekhephu?
"Mam'uZintle ndakuxelela ngoku kuthemba, bona into oyenzileyo. Ixesha eli lonke ndicinga ukuba ihlebo lam uligcine ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye wandithembisa ukuba yonke le nto izakuba phakathi kwethu sobabini, jonga indlela ababaxa ngayoo izinto."
Ndiyayiqonda ukuba akukudalanga mna nawe sizizihlobo gxebe itshomi, kwaye khange siqale kwa ukuthandana, into efana nale ayivamanga phofu mana zange ndiyive. Ntombi yakwaNgonyama undiphandlile ndakuthanda kwangalamhla wokuqala, ndiqala ukukwelama. Mandingawenzi made, mna ndifuna ube ngumama wabantwana bam inkosikazi yam.
"Mafungwashe, Nkosazana Ngonyama uyabazi aba bantu "Ebuzisa ngeendwendwe ezo?
UMafungwashe wabonwabela ubuhlobo bakhe noMthobeli ebukela yonke into ngoMthobeli, ngoba wayethanda ukuqhula kwaye ehlekisa, indlu ahlala kuyo yayicocekile ngathi ayihlali mntu oyindoda. Yakhulula intombi enkulu yangena ezingubeni yacinga izibuza imibuzo engenampendulo, yasuka yabiwa bubuthongo yalala yoyi. Ekuseni yavuswa nguMthobeli.
"Okwangoku kusebusuku mhlawumbi kusasa, khona ngubani ixesha" Ejonga iwatshi?
UZintle wacela ukuba akhe atyelele emzini kadade wabo apho kwakuza kubakho umgidi wenkwenkwe, kwathi kuba nabanye abafazi bekumkani bayanqwenela ukuya kugidiza, uKumkani wathi naye uzakuhamba nabo, wathi uzakucela uMthobeli abambe iintambo lo mzuzu engekho; akhe abonise ukuba mhla wangabikho angenza njani na. Wamcela kwangethuba uKumkani uMthobeli zange abenangxaki uMthobeli wayithakazalela yonke lo nto. UMafungwashe wacebisa ukuba babuyele kumzi wabo oseBhayi, benjenjalo ke bezixelele ukuba ekubuyeni koKumkani emgidini baza kubuyela efama. Beceba indlela abanokwenza ngayo xa inokuba ngabo abaphethe isizwe sakwaXhosa.
Batya uMthobeli engenamdla nje kwaphela wasuka wahlutha kuqala, wangxamela ukugoduka. Bagoduka kodwa uMafungwashe wayengasiboni isizathu sokungxama kangaka kukaMthobeli, wamngxolisa endleleni egodukayo emxelel'ukuba akanankathalo ngabanye abantu akalunganga gqitha ngoba yena xa esenza into kula ndlu yakhe umema abantu kwaye abo bantu abafiki batye ngokungxama, emxelela nokuba akangomntu, ukuba ebengumntu ngenentloni. Bade bayokungena endlwini yabo uMafungwashe emphethe emgcwalisela. UMthobeli zange atsho nelimdaka kwakungekho ayalayo futhi nanye ayingqinayo koko wayetye tyum ezivalele umlomo wakhe kodwa wayebonakala ukuba ubindike ngaphakathi.
"Nenza ntoni ntombi le ingaka itsho ningakwazi nokutsala umnxeba?
"Hayi suka amadoda afana nani noko amadoda angagodoliyo nje ngawe noko ndiyathemba ingxaki ayikusindi kangako. Kodwa iyabonakala lume ukuba iyabiza le moto."
Wathi emva kwenyanga wathenga imoto entsha kraca, wamema uMthobeli nowa kwakhe wabamemela kwisidlo sangokuhlwa. UMthobeli noMafungwashe bafika isidlo sele silungile kodwa isithebe sokudlela singekalungiswa. Inkosikazi ka-Andile noMafungwashe balungisa isithebe. U-Andile wacela uMthobeli ukuba akhe ayo kumbonisa lento iye yamnika umdla kule moto ayithengileyo. Baphumela ngaphandle apha endlwini beshiya amakhosikazi elungisa isithebe. Wathi ukuba baphumele ngaphandle u-Andile akaya kwicala elihlala imoto waya kwicala elinechityana la manzi, wabubhideka uMthobeli kodwa wabuya wazixelela ukuba mhlawumbi umalume wakhe usonwabela oko kukhanya kwenyanga kwakunye neenkwenkwezi ezo ezazigcwelise isibhakabhaka. Afaka izandla ezitasini la madoda alaqaza ebuka isibhakabhaka.U-Andile wakhokela ngakwisitulo esasilapho ecaleni kwechibi wafika wahlala noMthobeli wahlala ecaleni kwakhe.
"Yiza Fungie ndizo kubhatala ezi zihlangu." Watsho ekhokela.
Aba bantu babejijisana beshixiza uKumkani ethetha ngomsindo eqinise amazinyo. Wathi ukuba ave lomshixizo u-Andile wenca kwigophe lekona elalilapho.
UNontle wamtsala wamhlalisa phantsi. "Hlala khawuyek'umntwana ucacisa ntoni; akukho nto ifunisa kucaciswa apha uqalile ke ngoku ukudiza amahlebo."
He-he, hayi, yhazi, mandithi-i. Kaloku inje wena le nto nje ngoko ndingusomashishini abantu abasuka kumazwe angaphandle baye bafune ukuzibona ezintlobo-ntlobo zezilwanyana ngoko ke kum la fama izakundenzela ithuba lokushishina kwezotyelelo, enye into endiyithandayo ngefama kukuba nje ngoko ndingumqhubi weenqwelo ntaka ndingathanda ukuba nendawo yokuhlalisa ezam endaweni eyiyeyam hayi endaweni yenkampani.' Waphinda wanqwila eglasini elindele umbuzo olandelayo ejonge kuKumkani owayengamhlanguli emyekele ehlaselwa ngemibuzo.
Bathi bakuva lo moya be xum ukuthandaza zange bathi Amen baxhuma yimivuyo. Aphephezela amalaphu zavuya iintombi; ziwuqonda ukuba umthandazo uvakele kwathi ke besonwabile benjalo. uZintle wasangana ebusweni bathi bakuqaphela oko abanye abafazi ababini nezabo iimbuso zasangana; ngoba iingqondo zabo zabaxelela ukuba bakhwaza bengekaphumi ehlathini imvula ayikani ngoko ke mabangavuyi bagqqithise, baphinda bebozololo.
Inkomo zazithe thande ebaleni abafazi belali bashay'umkikizane, bakikizela, kwakumnandi ngalo mhla eBhotwe wonke ubani elalini exhelelwe exhukwane ngoba kwakukho amaqithi qithi kunye neziselo ezifana nomqombothi nebranti. Umhla womtshato wamiswa ngabatshati yonke into yesisibini yenziwa ngokukhawuleza. UMafungwashe wayalwa ngomama bakhe bemxelela indlela emaze aziphathe ngayo emzini. Wahlonitshiswa uMafungwashe wanxityiswa iilokhwe ezindilisekileyo; waxakathiswa ngetyali wagungxiswa neqhiya. Wathi kuba ebehleli emhle indalo efaneleka; zafika ezo mpahla zathi gingci zahlala entokazini. Umyeni akufanelekanga ukuba ambone umtshakazi phambi kokuba batshate, okanye izinto azinakuhamba kakuhle ngosuku lwabo lokutshata, ngokwenkolelo yakwaXhosa xa kusele usuku olunye batshate ngengomso.
Wasebenzisa iziqholo zakhe ezinuka kamnandi zamphumza izihlunu, nemithambo yomzimba. Wathi akugqiba ukuhlamba waziva ukuba intloko yakhe ibuhlungu, kaloku okokoko usisi ebelile ukuhlekwa kwakhe. Wazinceda ngokusela iipilisi zobuthongo walala yucu obentlombe.
Waphendula umama wakhe ezama ukudungudelisa ekwamangazekile lulonwabo olungaka lwentombi yakhe; wazicingela ukuba mhlawumbi umthandazo wabo sowuphendulwe bengekafiki nalapho kwiKumkani.
UNontle zange aphatheke kakuhle xa esiva igama likaKumkani wayiqonda ukuba ingxaki inkulu, ngoba imicimbi engaphathekiyo yekhaya yayidluliselwa kuKumkani. Ingaba ingxaki iphi kwiNkosazana, ingaba konakele phi UMafungwashe kuphela komntu owomeleleyo okwaziyo ukumelana neengxaki, nditsho odade wabo bomelezwa nguye, inokuba le ingaphezu kwamandla wakhe.?
Wathi ukuba uKumkani ambone uMthobeli waya enyathelela phezulu, wafika wamthatha wamsa kwindawo ebucala. U- Andile wababona walandela ngoba naye kaloku wayesele eyinxenye ngamandla apha kwaKumkani eny'into wayebuthanda ngamandla ubuhlobo bakhe noKumkani. Wathi akubabona besithela walandela eyokuqonda ukuba izolo kuhambeke kanjani na. Wathi ukuba basithele uKumkani wambamba rhabaxa uMthobeli wamqhwaba bumkwrempa. Mthobeli wamxakathisa. Wothuka uMthobeli wegqi amehlo wabhinyalaza etutshalaza ezama ukuzikhulula wabe ukumkani embambe nkqi.
"Ngathi awonwabanga nje ntomb'am ingaba ikhona ingxaki?
"Utheni, Kumkani, yhazi mna, eyi andazi." Ebhebhetha mpela uMthobeli.
Bayihleka baphela yintsini.
"Uphi, umyeni wakho" "Usabethwe ngumoya, mhlawumbi usegadini mhlawumbi kwichityana la manzi.' "Umyeni wakho uhambe ekuzeni kokusa namhlanje, ngala moto yam ibomvu, akakabuyi kude kube ngoku, ukuxelele apho ayakhona.?
Wathi akuva yonke lento uMthobeli amehlo egwantyi iinyembezi akaphinde aphendule. UKumkani wamyeka ukuxakathisa wamtyityimbisela umnwe, walungisisa kakuhle ezo mpahla ebezinxibile.
Wothuka umYiputha akubona ulwamkelo nentlonipho eshushu awayinikwa ngamaXhosa ngoba yabangathi utyelele eburhulumenteni. Wehla emotweni wanyathela ukhuko olubomvu wangqala ngqo kuKumkani owavela wema ngenyawo esakunyathela olo khuko lubomvu ebonakalisa intlonipho ke phofu. Kwakuthe cwaka , nzwanga wanyathela kuhle umfana womYiputa ngesidima nangesithozelo. IKumkani yatsho yaboniswa ngemini yomtshato womYiputa nentombi yakhe yokuqala. Kulo mibono yakhe waba namabhongo namangcukwane intliziyo yakhe imhlophe wancuma akayeka. UMaison Blanche wema phambi kweKumkani. IKumkani yabobotheka mpela, wathi koko kuma uMaison naye waphela encuma , lwaya lukhula uncumo lukaKumkani engatsho nelimdaka. UMaison wancuma indawo engange yakhe naye uthe ukuba uKumkani abuyele ezingqondweni zakhe, uncumo lwakhe lwaba budana wabhideka umYiputa kodwa yena wancuma buhleka ngoba entliziyweni wazixelela ukuba wamkelekie kwaXhosa.
"Ngase ithi kanti besihamba sobabini nje ngangoku siye ekhaya. Nkosikazi yam yebhongo yiza ndikugoduse."
"Hayi bo Mthobeli wangxama kangaka yintoni?
"Ewe thyini, kaloku ndingunyokolume Mthobeli kuthen'ingathi uyayilibala lo ndawo" Wayencume ngokwenene u-Andile emane etsala umsi wecuba?
UMthobeli waba ngumgcini zitshixo eliphethe ngokwakhe eli theko lomjuxuzo encediswa nguMafungwashe. Kwathi kuba yonke le nto babeyilungisile ngendlela yabo, yayigcwele kulo lonke eli laseMzantsi Afrika. UKumkani wathi kuba ebeyivile qha akanaka kanti akabhungisanga yonke le nto yenzeka emzini wakhe.
UZintle wabanemincili engazenzisiyo, yayinga angadontsa imvula kwelo lifu, wavakala esithi."UThixo wamazulu nomhlaba uyasithanda." Wayechulumance ngokwenene. UNobuhle wonwaba kakhulu akubona ilifu; kodwa eyona nto wayeyifuna ngamandla yimvula uqobo wababona bevuya beqikileka ooZintle wabakhumbuza. "Ngathi sikhwaza singekaphumi ehlathini, mna ndakuvuya ndikikizele emva kwemvula nasemva kwelizwi le Kumkani." Baphuma ke elonwabeni bangena ekunxunguphaleni kwakhona.
Kwabakho ukunxunguphala kweli khaya. UMafungwashe wathi ngobunye ubusuku waphaphama umyeni wakhe egixa iinyembezi, wazama ukuthuthuzela ezama nokuqonda ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Zalandelelana iintsuku uMthobeli ubuthongo bungehli; uMafungwashe emane ephaphama umyeni wakhe ekwezo nyembezi, kodwa kungekho nto amxelela yona emalunga nentlungu yakhe. Wathi ngobunye ubusuku wathi uyaphaphama wavuka umyeni engekho wothuka wakhwaphuluka ebhedini engxamile waleqisa kumagumbi asezantsi wafika uMthobeli ehleli kwigumbi lokuphumla engakhanyisanga elila.
Umyeni wakho Mthobeli Moya.
"Ndiqinisekile ukuba umyeni wakho akacingi ngolu hlobo wena ucinga ngalo qha nje usaxhaliswe yile nto yale nqwelo ntaka. Sukulila sisi yonke into izakulunga wena goduka mhlawumbi umyeni wakho akazi ukuba wena umcingela ngolu hlobo."
"Kodwa lena ngeke ibe nasisombululo, nditsho noKumkani uqobo, nabani na akanakukwazi ukuyisombulula."
"Thyini Mthobeli ingaba licebo elihle elo, kwaye ndiqinisekile noKumkani angaba nebhongo kodwa kufuneka simothuse abone ngolutsha lwaseNgonyama lunemali."
efuna ukuba bayo kuhlala bobabini kwela khaya lakhe litsha. Yayingathi akusasi kuzo kude kufike usuku lwesibini lidlule ibengumtshato.
Bathi ke ngelingeni bade banyuka baya kwigumbi likaFungie sele bewalungisile namazwi entuthuzelo; yonke le nto babeyenza bephantsi kweempembelelo zotywala; baphoxeka xa befika eleli yoyi. Wathi ke uNontle esakhathazekile ngoba ebesegwantyise iinyembezi ezokuthuthuzela, wabona iqweqwe eliphethe ipilisi zobuthongo wabonisa abahlobo bakhe, bothuka abakwazi ukuhlanganisa umlomo xa kanti uFungie akasakwazi ukulala engatyanga iipilisi sele ezigcine ngezopilisi. UNobuhle wakhala ngamandla xa kanti le ngxaki sele ikwizinga eliphezulu kangaka. "Nkosi yam umntwa'am kanti uhleli le ntlungu, ubulolo kanti yinto ebuhlungu kangaka." Wamphuza esidleleni.
"Kuza kufuneka undincedise ke senze amalungiselelo sazi ukuba ngobani nobani abaza kubakho kulo mbhiyozo."
Kule veki izayo uMafungwashe uza kulingiswa ndim mna lo ukusuka elukhakayini lwentloko ukuya eluzwaneni lwenyawo. Nina niza kukhe nibuye umva kancinci nakuncedisa apha naphaya. Thyini zange ndibone abantu abamathe olu hlobo Nobuhle?
"Hayi toto ukuba ibingumtshato umzi wonke wakwaXhosa ngowusazi ngoko ke nje namhlanje silungiselela ukwenza ntle le Nkosazana yakwaXhosa. Wakholelwa ke umvoci kulo nto wayecaciselwa yona. Wathi ekugqibeni kwakhe ukwenza intloko yeNkosazana. "Xa ulinenekazi kuyafuneka uzigcine umhle phofu, uyabona mna ndiyaqiniseka ukuba unwele lwam luhamba phambili futhi kufuneka lumenyezele ngoba abafana abakujongi nokukujonga ukuba unonwele oluxwebileyo, ke lo nto ukuba ninengxaki ningabo kuthandabuza nibo kundibiza. Hayi yho mna ndingungqa phambili, kodwa ningasebenzisa ukuba ndikhumbula kakuhle ndinalo iqweqwe phaya elineenkcukacha zam zase msebenzini, yithi ndilikhuphe phaya esingxobeni." Watsho eyifaka ikama apha entlokweni kaMafungwashe washiya esinekile kukunyamezela. UMafungwashe wathanda ukudikwa ngoba lo mntu wayesithi xa ethetha, athethe nangezandla futhi emtsala nezonwele zakhe, kodwa abazali babengaboni nto itheni kuyo yonke lo nto. Babemthanda lo mfana enye into wayesisitabane. Wacelwa ukuba ngentseni yangoMgqibelo abuye futhi azo kumisa ngohlobo unwele lweNkosazana, wayithakazelela ke le nto umvoci wacela indlela.
"Nobuhle, Nobuhle sukulinge uthethe ndithetha. Yiyo le nto izinto zimoshakala, ndiyathetha wena ubek'eyakho. Nindiphoxile gqitha ngesenzo senu, izinto nizenza ngathi ningabantwana. Ndanibona ndayiqonda kwangala mjikelezo wenu naniwenza kwelaBhayi ndayiqonda nje ukuba akukho nto izakulunga. Jongani iziphumo zayo yonke le nto. Khanindixelele beningenwe yintoni?
UKumkani laphela nje tu ithemba kodwa wabuya waziqinisa.
wambamba iingalo. Akukho nto ingenasisombululo. Yonke into inesisombululo, ingakumbi xa umntu ezama ukuyisombulula ibegqibelele xa kukho abancedisi. Utheni Kukho umntu omtyalayo okanye u?
UZintle waphola ngokuphinda-phindiweyo.
Wasuka wazibona sele elilolo engenamntu usecaleni kwakhe. Wazigcina ngomthandazo oshushu mihla yonke enenyembezi ezingapheliyo ezinqamleza umbombo. Maxesha wambi avuke umqamelelo umanzi. Le nto yezi nyembezi yayisele isisiqhelo ngoba uMafungwashe wayengabikeli namnye ngengxaki yakhe, koko ezingcine ngezo nyembezi.
UNontle wabhideka yile ntetha. "Mamnci uthetha ukuthini ngoba intombi zalaph'ekhapha ziyenda. INkosazana" inganesingqala kanjani ngoba izakuwufumana umtshato isencinci; kwaye intle naliphi na isoka lingavuya ukuba lingatshata nditsho mna ukuzisondeza kwembala kwiNkosazana." "Bendicelile ke ukuba nindilinde nindimamele nandule ukulandela ngemibuzo, kufuneka silumke ngoba aba bantwana xa benengxaki akufunekanga kube nzima ukuba basixelele iingxaki zabo boyike. Isikhalo seNkosazana nasi uthi , kodwa Nkos'yam ndingayibeka njani le nto." Ethandabuza ecinga nzulu. UNobuhle wayemamele ngenyameko."
"UMthobeli ucele ukuba ndimtshate, nanku umsesane."
Kodwa uKumkani zange ayithathele ngqalelo le nto ngoba uMaison wayibika buyekeyeke nje ngento engenamsebenzi, nekaKumkani yayiqhekeka kodwa wanyamezela kuba engafuni kuphoxa undwendwe lwakhe. Bakhutshwa kwimoto leyo ebabehleli kuyo bangeniswa kwimoto eyayingcodololo ingenaluphahla bazuliswa phakathi kwalo mithi ziincutshe zalo fama. Bathi baseqala ukulonwabela olo hambo bangekafiki kwindawo enengonyama neendlovu ezo uMaison ebefuna ukuzibona. Kwacac'uba intloko kaMaison iyaqaqamba ngokwenene nangokwenyaniso kwaye iyamlimaza. Hayi wancama wazibika umntwan'omYiputa ngoku, ukuziqinisa kwaphela waye esifa ephela ngokuphela.
IKumkani yabindeka kukukhathazeka xa isiva uSithembiso ehleba uMafungwashe kwelinye lamaphakathi akhe engaqondanga ukuba uKumkani ubamamele ekhuza lo mhlola.
Ebuphoxisa ngoba bemphoxile izolo. Bajika bamjonga bonke xesha'nye wamangaliseka; bathi bakugqiba ukumnika loo mehlo begwiqi bajonga phambili okwamajoni omkhosi. Washiyeka uFungie wahlunguzela intloko waqhubeka waya egumbini lakhe lokulala wayesanxibe isinxibo sakhe sokulala.
Wathi efika esiphelweni uMafungwashe wabe engcangcazela elila bamonga bevelana naye. Wazixelela ukuba uMthobeli mhlawumbi uyadlala nje uzakubuya zaqengqeleka iiveki uFungie engakholelwa yinto eyenzeka ebomini bakhe, wabathiya amagama esithembiso abantwana bakhe. Waphathwa ngumva ndedwa engazi ukuba abantwana bakhe uzakubakhulisa njani ngaphandle koyise wabo.
Wafika uKumkani phambi koFungie wammisa ngeenyawo wambamba ngengalo ngesinye wabambelela egxalabeni lika Fungie.
Wanga umyeni wakhe watsho wegwiqi. Wabila uMthobeli ngumsindo. Bendingakuxelelanga ukuba ungezi apha ndingakubizanga. Kodwa Andile undifuna ntoni?
Wathi ngce iindlebe uKumkani ezama ukusabela wabe uZintle ebakhuphela ngaphandle wade wabanazo neendawo ezibubathyala xa efika emnyango wabavalela ngaphandle. UKumkani wayengenalo nofifi lwezi zinto zifuna ukuboniswa, ebubhideka nayindlela uZintle abakhupha ngayo endlwini kodwa wacela uSithembiso ukuba akhe amjikelezise iBhotwe liphela nditsho neentlanti zalo. USithembiso zange abanangxaki wakuthakazelela ukubona iBhotwe liphela ngoba lalinika umdla. Kwicala likaKumkani wayemjikelezisa nje elo Bhotwe kuba yaba yinto yokuqala ukufika engqondweni ngoba kwakungekho nto wayezixele ukuba uyakumbonisa yona uSithembiso.
Wahleka waqikileka encamisa lo cheque wothuswa kukuma kwemoto kaKumkani owavula ifestile kancinci.
UZintle wamonqelwa waxakwa nakukuba aqale ngaphi wamane ekhonyuluka ezama ukuthetha.
"Iisuti andinazo Mntwan'omhle.' Ephoxakele edane emanzi; ngoba ebezixelele ukuba yonke le ndlela anxibe ngayo uzakunconywa nguKumkani. Kowu akwabe ubundixelele jonga khona ngoku zonke iivenkile zivalile kwaye ezam zingaba nkulu kunawe. Kodwa siza kwenza icebo, mamela ke apha ngaphakathi ndibaxelele ukuba wena uzokuthenga ifama yam, ifama leyo izakuhlala wena naMafungwashe ukutshata kwenu, xa ufika pha ngaphakathi uncokola nje ngosomashishini onemali zakhe siyavana?
Watsho uNontle eyigxininisa ngokwenene into yokuba ubugqwirha bukhona kokungendi kukaMafungwashe. Wonke umntu okwelo gumbi wasola ukuba ubugqwirha nobuthakathi noko bukhona kwaye bumthe nca uMafungwashe. Esi sine sagqiba ekubeni kuyiwe kwixhwele lasekhay'apha elihlala kuQoboqobo likhe lithi ukumthi jize uMafungwashe ngamayeza aza kumhlamba amsuse isimnyama. Bangqinelana benjenjeya ukuya kuQoboqobo noMafungwashe waqhutywa kwahanjwa naye. Bangena emzini wexhwele, labaxelela ukuba umntwana wabo akaguli nakancinci kwaye akukho kwantlobo yabugqwirha nabuthakathi koko nje akakahlangani nobambo lwakhe. Lo nto ke ukuze ahlangane nobambo lwakhe kufuneka ayithandazele lo ndawo eCaweni ngoba yena elixhwele ukuba angamnika iyeza, elo yeza linganobungozi kuMafungwashe ngoba liza kumenza abenomtsalane athandwe nangubani na nayeyiphi na indoda. Lo mtsalane uyakuba yingozi ngoba angakhetha isoka angalaziyo kwaye elungelobambo lwakhe eliya kumhlala entanyeni limphathe kakubi, ngoko uyamcela ahambe aye eCaweni acele kuThixo isoka elulilo, nakanjani na umthandazo wakhe uThixo uyakuwuva.
"Kaloku uBuzwe uzakufikelwa ngabahlobo bakhe baseKapa baza kukhe bachithe iintsukwana apha eBukhosini, kodwa siza kuza nalapho eBhayi elwandle ngoku ibingase ubekhona."
"Makhosikazi umthandazo wethu uvakele." Watsho esolatha ilifu batsho bema ngenyawo bangxama ukuya kwifestile leyo; bathi bakulibona elo lifu bambulela uThixo ngemisebenzi yakhe emikhulu ayenzela abantu bakhe. Bangena phantsi kwerhaladeni elintsefu-ntsefu ngoba lalingabonelisi noxa lalilibonakalisa nje, hayi torho bona babefuna ifestile uqobo, baqwalasela esibhakabhakeni lalilikhulu ilifu limhlophe.
Wanyoshoza uMafungwashe exakwe nayinto ebeyenza ngoba ubonakala ngathi uyamngcatsha uyise elutshabeni. Waphoxeka waya egumbini lakhe lokulala.
Watsho encumile u-Andile wothuka uMthobeli lo gama esancumileyo u-Andile wabangathi ufakwe emkhenceni.
Bathi emva komthandazo behla izitepusi behlela kumagumbe asezantsi belandelelana nje ngesiqhelo ofike kuqala phambili. Bathi xa bezakufika kumagumbi asezantsi badibana noFungie owayephethe impungo.
Lena intlanganiso yayohlukile ngoba yayiyintlanganiso yosapho kuphela. UKumkani waba nebhongo namangcukwane xa ebona amakhosikazi wakhe ethe chu ngohlobo lokulandelelana. Ingqondo yakhe yabethabethana yakhe yamthatha kancinci yayo kumlahla kwelinye ilizwe, wazibuza ukuba inokuba ingxaki yabo yintoni kangaka. Ezi nzwakazi zazinxibe ngendlela eyamvuyisayo kakhulu uKumkani wayetsho ngoncumo olungazenzisiyo ebobothekile ngathi umka nomlambo. Amakhosikazi anyathela ingubo ebomvu (Red Carpet) awayendlalelwe yona, ahlala phantsi ngakwicala loo mama elalondlalwe amakhuko akwaNtu. Awayebekwe ngendlela ephucukilelyo phezu kosoze. Bahlala phantsi ngokulandelelana njalo, bajonga ngqo kumyeni wabo owayexakwe nokuba makathini.
Wafika endlwini yakhe wabona indlela inkosikazi yakhe engonwabanga ngayo waba buhlungu yile nto wamcela kananjalo ukuba uMafungwashe xa efuna nokuba yintoni noba ukhathazeke kangakanani na abokuqala athethe naye ke ngoku ukuba bayoyisakala aye kuKumkani, esi sibini sangqinelana ngoko. UMthobeli wayengazinzanga wayefuna ukuqonda ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni ngenqwelo ntaka yakhe. Wayengabangaphanga thuba lokuphefumla kulo nkampani ekwakulungiswa kuyo lo nqwelo ntaka; wayebatsalela umnxeba efuna ukuqonda ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kumaxa bendawoni na nenqwelo ntaka yakhe.
Bamncumela bonke uMthobeli bebonakalisa ukumamkela.
"Ngoku utsh'uba mandiyithini lo nto leyo. Andile unentliziyo ende imoto kwakho zingaka ukuba ninji?
Wayencume uKumkani ngathi umka nomlambo, watsho wahlunguzela intloko, wayehleli ecaleni kuka Mafungwashe. Wathi akubona abanye abafazi waqonda ukuba izinto ziyalunga amalungiselelo ayasondelelana, ngoba babexhakazela ziimpahla eqonda nje ukuba balungiselela ukuza kuka Misson Blanche. Anisebahle, kuyalunga kodwa?
"Kulungile ndiyeza." Wenjenjeya uMafungwashe waya kulo ndawo alindwe kuyo nguMthobeli wayenoloyiko ngoba kwakungavumelekana ngokomthetho babenamasoka ingakumbi eliza kumane lizo kumbona.
Bangqinelana nalapho, wawa emnxebeni uZintle wafowunela kwinkampani yabavoci benwele wacela ukuthunyelwa omnye wabavoci. Wafika umvoci wenwele ephethe ulwaphice lwemifanekiso ukuze bakwazi ukuzikhethela kulo mifanekiso uhlobo abanokuthanda iNkosazana ibonakale ngayo entloko. Baphica baphica imifanekiso bathi bakufumana uhlobo abaluthandayo lo nwele baqhubeka wenziwa intloko uMafungwashe. Bathi kwincoko yabo amakhosikazi akhankanya ilokhwe yeNkosazana abangaqinisekanga ngayo, kwaye banomthandazo ongena Amen bekwaqhine neminwe ukuze ngosuku lwangoMgqibelo bangaphoxakali. Wayiqonda umvoci ukuba kukho into eza kwenzeka kula malungiselelo angaka. Waziva engakwazi ukuzibamba wazincama wabuza engakhathalelanga nokuba kungathiwa uyazithanda iindaba. "Ingaba iNkosazana iyatshata" Badungidelisa beyibethisa ngomoya lo ndawo yomtshato. Waphinda wabuza umvoci eqhubekeka phofu nokuvoca unwele lwentwazana. "Ingaba iNkosazana iyatshata nalungisa kangaka?
"Wamxhawula uMaison. "Nice to meet you too."
"Mamela ke mfo wam ndiyathemba ukuba uyakuzitshintsha noko ezo uzinxibileyo ngokuhlwa."
"Hayi wena mama ungabinaxhala lo mbuzo ndiwubuzwa yonke le mihla ingakumbi ngabo bangandaziyo, kambe ndiwuqhelile."
Wagxabhagxabhisa eleqisa ukwenzela afike kwangentseni eBhotwe enethemba lokuba mhlawumbi akukho mntu uyakuqaphela ukuba khange alale ebhotwe. Wothuka wafuna ukuwa xa ebona wonke ubani uvukile ke lo nto bonke bejonge kuye, wayeka okoku chwechwa ebekwenza. Waphoxeka yanga atwele athethe konke nangazibuzwanga.
"Ndakwenjenjalo Nkosazana, bye ke Nololozana."
"Yhazi yintoni Andile."
"Khawume bhuti wena usebenza phi, kweyiphi inkampani?
"UKumkani uyithembise ntoni nale ntwana itheni namhlanje yazehlela inyuka, khona ndiyintoni mani ekuhlambeni iinqwelo ntaka uMthobeli ebekade endihloniphe kangaka nje usithatha phi isibindi sokundihlambisa inqwelo ntaka; khona wakhe wandibona ndihlamba inqwelo ntaka, yhe madoda! ndivelelwe."
Kwasa ngemini elandelayo, enziwa amalungiselelo wokuza konozakuzaku, wonke ubani wayechwayitile eqinisekisa ukuba olusuku kufuneka lube yimpumelelo. Kwenzeka ke ngosuku olulandelayo bafika onozakuzaku, uMthobeli wayehamba no-Andile umanenjala wesikhulolo seenqwelo ntaka bekhatshwa ngabelungu ababini ababengabahlobo bakaAndile, yaba ngumnqa noko leyo indawo kodwa bayiqonda izinto ziyatshintsha noMzantsi Afrika utshintshile kodwa ezinye izinto azivumi ncam ukutshintsha. Yaxoxwa ilobola wabizwa uMafungwashe; wacelwa ukuba azokunika ubungqina phambi kobuhlanti. Wangena ebuhlanti wamiswa phambi kwabo bonke ababelapho wabuza uKumkani.
UMthobeli wamphindisa eBhotwe uMafungwashe. UMafungwashe waqonda ukuba indaba zakhe ezilungileyo uyakuziphalaza ngesidlo sangokuhlwa. Wathi ngexesha le sidlo waziphalaza iindaba, kodwa wayenoloyiko engazi ukuba aqale ngaphi xa eyithetha yonke le nto kodwa; aphinde azexelele ukuba wonke ubani noba kunini na uzakwazi ngale nyewe. Ke akukho mfuneko yakufihla nakugogotyela. Kwathi ngesidlo sangokuhlwa wonke ubani wasesithebeni nditsho noKumkani imbala. Isandla sasekunxele uMafungwashe waba manqaphanqapha ukusisebenzisa ixesha elininzi wayesifake phantsi kwesithebe. Kodwa wayengabhungisanga ngoba uZintle wawubona umsesane zibekwa. "Uyaphila phofu uMthobeli "Kwathi cwaka endlwini uZintle wabe enonga ukutya kwakhe. Wathula uFungie yaba ngathi akubhekiswa kuye; kodwa uvalo lwabetha ngamandla akuva igama likaMthobeli?
"Khawuthule, thula Zintle, ngubani obekubuzile?
"Uyakhumbula ngela langa sasiseMonti?
"Hayi sana, hayi ilokhwe kuphela, kufuneka ubucwebe, isiqholo, izihlangu, iinwele mandithi kufuneka siqiniseke ngayo yonke into ukusuka elukhakayini lwentloko ukuya kuthi ngqu eluzwaneni lwenyawu kufuneka izinto zomhlaba, ndifuna lowa mfana womYiputa abone intombi yomhlaba."
"Uyaxoka, uyaxoka ikhona le ndawo utya kuyo, kanti andizu kukwenza nto isisu sesakho bhuti." Ebila ngumsindo uMafungwashe.
Babeka iminxeba phantsi, akugqiba uFungie wema wazwabuluka ezolula waya kuma ngomphakamela wefesitile eyayihonjiswe ngamarhaladeni odidi oluphezulu. Waqwalasela isibhakabhaka wabuka neentyatyambo ezazihombise zingqonge umzi wakowabo; ebukela namabhabhathane awayendandazela evuyela uhlobo. Neentaka ezazitsho ngalo mculo umyoli zimane ukolula iimpiko zintingela phezulu esibhakabhakeni. Isibhakabhaka sasicwengile kungekho nelifu. Wayibuka uFungie indalo yabaleka ingqondo yakhe yamlahla emalanda lahla. Waba kwezo ngcinga uFungie waziva ethetha yedwa. "Iyamangalisa indlela ebekunetha ngayo ngala mini ndanetha ndamanzi tici, kodwa namhlanje selicwenge linje. Kodwa ndingenza ntoni nje enokundihlaziyisa umzimba namhlanje." Wathi akuqwalasela futhi ezantsi wabona ichityana la manzi waziva enqwenela ukudada, wakhulula eza mpahla ebezinxibile wanxiba ezokudada. Wafaka amazaza wakhe awayewaphiwe ngudade wabo atsho amkhumbuza indlela ababedla ngokonwaba ngayo kwelo chibi bequbha bobathandathu. Zabuya ingcinga zaqukuqela entlokweni yentombi, kwathi kuba ebesele ekulungele ukuqubha wakhe wachopha umzuzwana enendawo ethandabuzayo ngoba wayengafuni ukuya kudada eyedwa kodwa wayengenakunceda ngoba kwakungekho mntu wokudada naye. Wakhwasuluka wazixelela ukuba uzakufika azijule kulo manzi, wafaka amazaza, wathi xa evula umnyango wegumbi wothuswa nguyise owayemi emnyango ngaphandle elungisa isandla elungiselela ukunkqonkqoza, wothuka ngamandla uFungie.
UZintle wazama ukuphakama kwakhona, kodwa ehexa ngamandla. Hayi maan, kaloku kukumbonisa nje amandla kaThixo, uThixo wamakhosi mkhulu ngokumangalisayo konke ngoku kulungile.
Umama wakhe noomam'oncinci bakhe babephelile ziintloni, bafane baqhwaba nje sebengesayazi nabayenzayo nokuba mabathini ingakumbi emva kwamalungiselelo abawenzayo. Impoxeko yayibhalwe ebusweni bukaFungie. Wathi ukuba esehla kwisitepusi sokugqibela wabe uyise emkhawulela enamabhongo angazenzisiyo wambamba ngengalo waya naye kwiNkosana eyayinoloncumo lubanzi lungazenzisiyo, kodwa ngaphakathi yayiphelile yintsini. UKumkani wayazisa inzwakazi esenebhongo elikwizinga eliphezulu ngokungathi akayibonanga le ntlekele yengozi engaka.
"Ukuba ngumngqungu phakathi kwekhaya lo nto itsho uthand' ukuthandabuza kweliny'ixesha." Bathi bakufik'edolophini bangena kwi Mall indawo enevenkile ezindawonye eziphethe okuhle kodwa egama liyiCentinary Mall yodumo. Esi sibini sasihleka sonwabile utata nentombi. UMafungwashe wayonwabe ukudlula uyise ngoba zange alufumane usuku olunje wagqibela mhla mnene ukuba akhe akhutshwe nguyise. UKumkani wayengavamanga ukukhe akhuphe abantwana bakhe okanye achithe ixesha nabo, into yena awayengayiphosi zindibano zentsapho ezazihlangana eBhotwe. Wayezonwabela zona ngaphezu kwento yonke, nentsapho yayizonwabela ezindibano ngoba uKumkani wayebabalisela ngemilo yeeKumkani zakwaXhosa. Esi sibini ke sakhumbuzana ngezo ntsuku zamandulo nendlela ekwakuba mnandi ngayo nendlela ababehleka ngayo.
UKumkani wafika esikhululweni wangqala e-ofisini kamanenjala wacela ukubona uMthobeli Moya. Umanenjala wacela ukuba umnumzama Moya abizwe ngoba uKumkani angathanda ukumbona. Benjenjalo nyhani baya kumbiza kodwa babuya nelize; ngoba uMthobeli wabaxelela ukuba yena uzakuqale ahlole lo nqwelo ntaka ayive amandla akugqiba uza kubuya ambone. Wathi uKumkani akuva lo mpendulo wayicaphukela indelelo nokungahlonitshwa kangaka ngulo mfana, waziva ezonyanya wazibuza ukuba ebengenakugqibela ngayo yonke lonto yokuhlola lo nqwelo ntaka yempambano. Wathi sele efuna ukukhalala wabuya wazinqanda wazixelela ukuba umonde zange wabulala mnt'akabani.
"Kuza kufuneka ke nditshintshe ezimpahla ndijong'enyinto yokunxiba."
"Mafungwashe ntomb'am yiza kutata, masambe sisi ikhona ilokhwe yakho endiyithandayo ekufanelayo." Embamba ngengalo emkhokela kwindlela eyakumagumbi aphezulu.
Wonke ubani owaye kwelo gumbi wancuma bonke beyiqonda ukuba uMafungwashe ufumene umyeni olungileyo. UNobuhle wayonwabela ngaphezu kwabo bonke le nto ngoba wayebona ulonwabo lubhalwe ebusweni bukaMafungwashe.
"Mna bendicebisa singakhaleli ubisi oluphaleleyo lo nto ayiyi kusinceda mna bendicebisa ukuba xa elicebo lingalunganga sixoze mphini wumbi."
"Andithandi ukukubona ukule meko, ukuba ungandixelela ndingakunceda ndithembe.' "Angekhe ukwazi ukundinceda kule, nokuba kungayiphi na imeko."Watsho elila mpela uMthobeli. Waxakwa uKumkani akazazi nokuba aqale ngaphi ukunceda. Wathatha uMthobeli kulo mvula bangena endlwini.
Zonke izinto zenziwa zaphelela. Zahamba iintsuku uMthobeli engatsali mnxeba kwaye engabonakali nesithembiso sakhe. Yayingavamanga ke le nto, uMthobeli kaloku wayemtsalela umnxeba nakahlanu ngemini umakoti wakhe kodwa ngale veki yomtshato wathi nya. Kwaku lusuku lokugqibela ukuba abatshati bangabonana, uMthobeli zange abonakale ndawo. UMafungwashe waya kuyise owayesahleli eNkundleni ngokuhlwa kuba wayedikwe ngabo babe hombisa indlu ngeentyatyambo, waqonda ukuba makhe abaphe umtyhi basebenze into yabo bayigqibe. Wafika sendyengezelisa ngokungathi nezo lokhwe nalo maxakatho ayamsinda. UKumkani wahle wayiqonda nje ukuba ingxaki ikhona kwaye umonakalo mkhulu.
"Ndiyavuya ukuva lo nto uthi uzakuzosibona nini thina?
Wathi UZintle ukuba agqibe ukubavalela ngaphandle wabuyela kuFungie owayelila ngathi ubethiwe. UNobuhle wayehleli ecaleni kwakhe emgonile. UZintle wabuya waguqa ngamadolo pahambi kwakhe, uNontle wayegobhe izidlele edane emanzi.
UNobuhle ezama ukwanga intombi yakhe.
"Ndisekwanguye nangoku akukho nto itshintshileyo. Mna nawe sokohlulwa zindudumo."
"Amen.!" Wabhideka mpela uAndile akazi nokuba makathini, "Ikhona le mpundulu ikulandelayo Mthobeli kwaye ndiyabona ifuna ufele ezandleni zabantu, phuma kwedini, phuma." Wamkhomba umnyango. UMthobeli wahlasela isingxobo sakhe esasinenhyukunhyuku ngokwenene waphuma, waphendlisisa kakuhle ejonga ukuba imali yakhe necheque leyo ebeyityikityelwe nguKumkani isekhona na; wafika ikhona esipajini ithe ncwaba ngolo hlobo ebeyishiye ngalo.
Wanqamla lo ntsini uKumkani. "Isikhalo senu sivakele."
Kwathi ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesithandathu uKumkani ebhuqana noMthobeli wancedwa ngomnye owayeqoqosha iqonga wamxelela ukuba uMthobeli noMafungwashe nazo zonke iimvumi ebezilapho baye kwihotlele leyo elungiselelwe iimvumi. Waphathelela uKumkani walanda ekhondweni wafika ehotele exelelwa ukuba baphindele eBhotwe bagqiba kuphuma wazama ukumtsalela umnxeba afike iminxeba yabo bobabini noMafungwashe ivaliwe.
Aphela emqaleni kuKumkani ngoba ibali lesiqholo lonakalisa yonke into izicwangciso zakhe zaphelela emoyeni. Wayesele enentloni ukuyibika into yokuba umnikazi siqholo ukwikhuko lokufa esibhedlela, wazama ukuyifihla eyigcina ngaphakathi kuye. Kwathi kuba noko akukho mfuneko yokulifihla olu daba wade wazincama ngelingeni wamxelela umhlobo wakhe ngentombi yakhe, kwaye wamcacisela ukuba uza kufika ambeke nje uMaison aphinde esibhedlele. Zange abenangxaki uMaison wayincoma iKumkani ngentlonipho nangenkathalo yayo.
"Iyamangalisa indlela abantwana bale mihla abakhawulezisa ngayo ukuphumelela, umntu kumthatha ubomi bakhe bonke ukuqweba izigidigidi ndiyamangala xa ndibona umfana omncinci nje ngawe abenemali engaka." UNobuhle emthandabuza okwakhe.
"Andinangqiniseko ukuba le nto iyakuba lula phambi kweKumkani, ngase kubekho cebo limbi, kodwa akuncedi ngoba kufuneka eyazile yonke into eyenzeka kweliBhotwe. Kodwa icebo ndinalo mhlawumbi uZweli uyakusimamela."
UFungie wayekhathazekile yindlela iNkosana eyayimthathe kakubi ngayo, ekubeni mhlawumbi ngebesuke bathetha kweliny'ixesha bayilungise into yesiqholo. Khona isiqholo besiqale sayintoni na Wanxuba uFungie kweso sibhedlele engayazi into emehlelayo. Wasiqalekisa ke isiqholo wasifungela engayazi nento ebesisebenzisela yona?
Kodwa Mam'Zintle uyamazi uKumkani oko kuba ungumntu onjani siza kumqala ngaphi ngale nto?
Mna, noMthobeli asizukuba satshata lo mtshato ndiyawuchitha.' Elila egixa usisi.
"Kuza kufuneka siqiniseke ukuba iNkosazana ayinalwazi lwayo yonke le nto yenzekayo." Watsho uNontle elungisa ukuhlala. "Kaloku la magqiyazana akazifuni iindlela ezingatshongo khona zokudityaninswa namasoka ibangathi umntu uyathengiswa, okanye ushumanezekile enye into ngoku akusafani nakuqala. Izinto zajika apho umntwana wakho wawukwazi ukumcelela isoka kulo mzi uwuthandileyo."
Kwathi ngempela veki leyo uMthobeli wakhumbuza uMafungwashe ngedinga labo, babeka ixesha, uMthobeli wayezimisele ekumonwabiseni nyhani uMafungwashe. Wafika kwangaphambili kwelo xesha, wafika uMafungwashe naye sele elungile bahamba kwangaphambi kwexesha elo belibekiwe. UMthobeli wamkhuphela eMonti apho bonwaba bade bazilibala; umntu ongabaziyo wayenokucinga ukuba kudala bengabahlobo. Bayizula iMonti behamba iindawo eziphambili ezipholileyo bade bayokuqhina elwandle apho bahlala kwade kwatshona ilanga, bahamba ezinzulwini zobusuku. UMafungwashe waba nomothuko xa ebona ixesha ngoba uKumkani akahambiselani nabantu abathanda ukuhamba ngobusuku.
Wathi ezama ukucacisa uMthobeli indlela axakeke ngayo ngoba ulungisa inqwelo ntaka yakhe esuke yalahla isantya yahamba ngesantya esincinci. UKumkani wamxelela ukuba akanaxesha lalo nto nje yena into ayifunayo kukuba uMthobeli athathe kula mali wayemnike yona; ayokulungisa lo nqwelo ntaka angakulinge atyise umntwana wakhe ngesithukuthezi. Wenjenjalo ke uMthobeli kodwa wayengathembanga nje kwaphela ngoba kaloku wayezixelele ukuba akukho mntu unguchwepheshe ukudlula yena ekulungiseni iinqwelo ntaka.
"Ungandiqubuli ndoda, uze ngqo." Watsho egigitheka u- Andile ukuphuma ngomnyango.
"Ilula sibiza zonke iimvumi ezicula ikwaito zize emabaleni aseNgonyama."
Hayi suka ngoba?
Kodwa naye wayemkhumbula uMthobeli waziva ezakuwophula lo mthetho. UMthobeli wathi ukuba angene uFungie emotweni wayiqhuba basuka phambi kweBhotwe bathi tyishi; baya kwindawo esekutshoneleni, apho kwakunemithi eshinyenenyo kodwa indlela yeemoto yayikhona. Waqhuba uMthobeli wangenelela phakathi wafikela kwindawo enechibi la manzi, wamisa imoto uMthobeli wavulela uMafungwashe wamthi chu ngengalo baya kwelo dama la manzi bahlala kwisikhondo somthi. UMthobeli-wabamba izandla zikaMafungwashe, saxuxuzela isisu sentombazana; lwaphela uncumo uvalo lwabetha ngamandla, wangcangcazela waphelelwa nangamandla.
Ubuncwane beli lizwe nobumnandi balo mhlaba andibuva ngokupheleleyo. Nkulunkulu wam ndenze ntoni phambi kobuso bakho ukuba undohlwaye ngolu hlobo Yini kangaka Nkosi Bonke abantakwethu bendile bandishiye ndedwa, nceda Nkosi yenza ngenceba. Zaphalala iinyembezi, wanga umntu ubethiwe walila isingqala sixabe uvalo. Wathi esagixiliza enjalo wothuswa sisandla esambamba emagxeni, wathi akuphakamisa amehlo. Wothuka kakhulu akubona umam'omncinci wakhe?
"Akukho nto ndizakuyicinga kule nto, ndiyavuma ndizakuyonwabisa intombi yakho ndinike wena nje izigidi ezihlanu (R5 million). UKumkani wamtyikityela icheque wamnika. "Kodwa Nkosi yam, Mntwan'omhle ndiza kuyiqala ngaphi la ntombi yakho ngoba wonke ubani uyayazi ukuba inolaka kanjani nendlela ezigqatse ngayo?
"Niyabona ukuba nifuna sibe ngabakhozi bakwaBlanche sibe nomkhwenyana wethu webhongo waseYiputa kuza kufuneka siqale ukusebenza kwanamhlanje. Senze amalungiselelo kwangoku, ngoba ndiyabona ingathi niyekelele umxakatho. Ndifuna noba la nkwenkwe yomYiputa ibikho intombi ebiyigxeleshile ithatheke umxhelo nguFungie."
UFungie yayingase amvale umlomo. UZintle wagxuphuleka engekancomi kuya phambili. Kumkani ixesha liyahamba liza kude linishiye engekaziboni uMntwan'uSithembiso eza zinto bekufanele umbonise kwangoku nisenethuba kukud'eMtata.'
"UNobathembu oh ! umntwan'am uphi kwenzeke ntoni" Kaloku uKumkani akadlali ngabantwana bakhe nditsho amakhosikazi wakhe imbala uxolele amadlakadlaka ngentsapho yakhe?
"She is my second wife Nontle." Ekhomba uNontle uKumkani.
Walila ngamandla wade uZintle waba nokothuka ecinga ukuba inkulu into eyenzekileyo kule ntombi. "Kutheni Fungie, yintoni sisi, ndixelele", engcangcazelisa ilizwi emqwalasele ebusweni?
"Uxolo lweNkosi lube nawe ntomb'am."
Amanenekazi acwangcisa indlela abaza kwenza ngayo amalungiselalo weNkosana yomYiputa. UZintle edlala ngosiba ephatha kulujikelezisa phakathi kweminwe ayiqengqe nakwinyheke yakhe. "Mna bendicebisa ilokhwe ibeyinto yokuqala uku-odolwa."
"Thyini ungakhangel'esinye nje" Wothuka uZintle akubona uFungie wadideka?
Bakhe bachopha aba babini baboniswa ngosuku olukhulu lo mtshato.
IKumkani yayihlonitshiwe ke luhlanga lakwaXhosa ngoba wayenobuchule ezixazulula iingxaki ezixaka uluntu ngendlela enobuchule, enguchwepheshe nencutshe ngaphandle kobuqhophololo. Ngale mini kwenzeka ukuba iKumkani ibenentlangano namakhosikazi ayo kuphela. Yayichophela iNkundla eyayiqala ngentsimbi yesibhozo; kodwa kwathi kubetha intsimbi yesixhenxe yabe kudala iKumkani ihleli eNkundleni ilindile. WabaseNkundleni kwangethuba ngoba wayifumanisa le ntlanganiso inomdla ngelo langa lalo mhla.
Baqonda ukuba mabazilungiselelo kolotyelelo luka Mntwan'uSithembiso kwangethuba athi efika afike beliqule baligangatha. Bathi ngosuku lwangeCawa baqala ukulungisa babethanda ukwenza amalungiselelo kwigumbi likaNobuhle lokulala ngoba lona yayiligumbi elalinelanga kulo magumbi aphezulu kwaye wawukwazi ukubona okuqhubeka ngaphandle; ukusukela kwisango ledyaridi elingasekunene ukuya kuma xhaxhe kwisango lasekhohlo nditsho kumasango angena eBhotwe uqobo. Esi sithathu sasikholwa kukuwubona wonke umlevo oqhubeka apho eBhotwe; ingakumbi umlevo odibanisa umyeni wabo, babewonwabela. Kodwa ngale mini babengazixakekisanga kakhulu ngomlevo ngoba ixesha babengenalo kakhulu babefuna ukwenza ngqo; baqinisekise ukuba iNkosana yakwaZulu ayiphulukani nentombi yabo.
Niyibonile ingozi eniyenzileyo ngexesha iNkosana yomYiputa ibilapha niphantse nasibulala, buyani umva ixesha lesoka lizakufika ndinikeni nje ithuba.
"Kodwa Kumkani inkomo iyafana nenye, iinkomo ezimnyama namhlophe ziphelile azifumaneki ebhayi, kudal'uMthobeli ezama iveki iphelile ngoku.' "Ndiyazi wena nalo myeni wakho nicinga isintwana. Ilobola asingombulelo wokukhuliselwa inkosikazi yakho ngabazali benkosikazi, kodwa ukwabonakalisa ukuba zonke iimfuno ezifunwa yinkosikazi uyakukwazi ukumnika nokuba kunzima kangakanani na. Ukuba umyeni wakho akakwazanga ukuzisa ilobolo yeenkomo ezimbala umhlophe namnyama, lo nto iyakundikhombisa ukuba iimfuno zakho zakuzaliseka maqompi qompi.' Embamba emagxeni.
Mandiwenze mafutshane, uthi uFungie usuke wazibona elilolo abantu abamthathi nje ngomntu xa ephakathi kwabo, nditsho iitshomi zembala zimthatha nje ngomntwana weNkosi iNkosazana nje esisicigogo esingehlalwa mpukane, kwaye akukho mntu ufuna ukuzisondeza kuye ngoba bambona nje ngomntu oziphakamisileyo nditsho namasoka uqobo kunzima.
"Hayi, hayi kwedini mamelisisa, khange ndithethe ngakubulala kwaye andingombulali, le nto ndizakuyithetha yohlukile ikude lee kule nto uyicingayo."
"Andile kukubambisana le ndlela wenza ngayo, siyintsapho xa uthetha ngobambiswano loluphi olu uthetha ngalo."
Wamosula iinyembezi ezaziqukuqela zisihla ezidleleni zikaMafungwashe. Wathi angabuzwa uMafungwashe walila mpela. Kaloku eyona nto yayingamandla ngoku kukuba oku kulila kwakhe wayekufihla, namhlanje kanti akabhungisanga.
"Ndimhlazise njani na uMafungwashe ngoku?
Mamela ke bhuti inyanga ingakhe iphele ndikuxelele mosi izihlobo ziyanceda ncedana Watsho ehleka egagatheka enquntsuza ukuya emnyango, wamphosa ngeglasi uMthobeli yabetha edongeni yasabalaka.
"Yintoni, kukho ntoni kule vek'izayo ikho le nto nifuna ukuyenza nathi nisithele tshuphe sikwazi ukufaka isandla."
Axhabashela edolophini amanenekazi, indlu yayishiyeke nezicaka. Bagaleleka eBhayi baqala eAmerican Swiss, babuka ubucwebe bathatha amaxabiso bagqithela kwaSterns, baya nako Tavernier Jeweliers bathelekisa amaxabiso nobumenyemenye bokucwebezela kobuhle bezacholo zezo nkampani baphuma nezase American Swiss. Bathi bakugqiba ukuthenga baqhubeka nohambo lwabo bayo kujonga indawo ekulungiswa kuyo inwele. Ezi ntombi zazintle zinonwele uNosaluni wayebazi nje ngamakhasitoma wakhe babethi xa betyelele apha baphathwe nje ngezitatanyiswa wayebahloniphe ngeyona ndlela. Bathi xa bephuma apho bagqiba ekubeni mabakhe bazijongele izinto zokunxiba noko basebenze kakhulu namhlanje bengekaqali nanye benjalo, bathi kulo mjikelezo bangena kwiivenkile zaseMall. Bazihlola nganye nganye kanti bamane ukugqithana noKumkani noMafungwashe.
Wavuya uKumkani akuva ezi ndaba ngoba wayesele exhalisekile yile nto wathi esahleli elinde ugqirha oxilonga uMaison bucala weva erhwecwa ngomnye wogqirha owamxelela ukuba intsapho yakhe yonke ilapha esibhedlele; ekubonakal'ukuba barhogole nto ithile echaphazela amathatha zatsho iintloko zabo zaqaqamba. Waya uZweli kwelo cala bangakulo sele egxanya enganyatheli exhalabisekile. Wothuka waphantse wawa xa efika ebona ukuba intsapho yonke ilapho, wafika sebexilongiwe benikiwe namayeza belinde ukuba bakhululwe bagoduke, kodwa yena uFungie wacelwa ukuba asale kuba ivumba ulirhogole ngamandla. Wathi akuva lo nto uZweli waphambana ngomntwana wakhe. Gqirha kwenzeke ntoni akenzakalanga kodwa umntan'am?
Kwakuye kuthi ke eBhotwe xa kuza kubakho indibano kuyiwe eNkundleni kulapho izinto ezibalulekileyo nezidla umzi zazixoxelwa khona.
Kule veki iqalayo kuza kufika inkosana yakwaZulu umntwan'uSithembiso, kwesi isihlandlo ndifuna ukubakho, ndifuna ukunincedisa ngoba nina nimathile mani, ninyabile suka.
"Mhm-m-mhm-m." Enqwala uZintle emamele ngenyameko "Yitsho." Bonke bayeka oko babekwenza bamamela kuMafungwashe.
Kunzima kakhulu ukufumana umfana, ingakumbi mna ngoba okokuqala ndingumntwana wegazi, umntwana weKumkani iNkosazana. Okwesibini ndifundile ndade ndayityekeza. Okwesithathu ndingusomashishinikazi ophumeleleyo.
Yenjenjalo ke intombazana ukunxiba, naye watsho wabanebhongo wazibona eyintombi yakwaNtu. Kwathi kuba bebelinganisela egumbini likaFungie behlela kumagumbi asezantsi besiya kuKumkani akwazi ukuba atsho ukuba uyibona njani yonke le nto. UKumkani wabukela uFungie esehla ekhokela exhagiwe ngabafazi bakhe. UFungie kwakumnyama kuye ukuba elungiswa kangaka nje likhona elinye isoka alungiselelwa lona kwaye kufuneka elufumene kodwa wayenesikrokro.
Eyona nto yayingamandla wayesele ezibona setshintshe igama, wazama watsho phantsi, kwakungekho soka linamdla. Amandla entokazi aphela. Wayengazilibali umgqwaliso anawo onesimnyama esibethelelwe kuye.
"Ndiyindoda mntwana ndini ungandideli, noba uyihlo angabiza la R80 billion kwakho, ngeke ndibe nangxaki."
U-Andile wamamela nje wabuya waqononozela phantsi waqhubeka nokubhala le nto ebeyibhala. "Uncede ungandiphoxi mani torho Andile soze ndithathe thuba lide edolophini ndizakubuya kwakamsinyane." Wegwiqi washiya u-Andile emashekile exakwe kukuphendula.
UMaison wavakalisa intlungu yakhe yokubashiya.
Mamela ke ntombi yam ukusukela namhlanje ungaze uphinde uwuhlab'amadlala umthetho wam, yonke into ndiyenza ngesizathu, ndicela ukhululeke ke ngoku.
UKumkani wamamkela uMaison Blanche wathi makakhulule ibhatyi abesekhaya. Emva kwengxoxo uKumkani wamcela ukuba akhe amjikelezise eBhotwe; emva koko uza kumbonisa amakhosikazi wakhe nentombi yakhe enkulu. UMaison Blanche wakuthakazelela oko kudibana nentsapho ingakumbi intombi leyo yeKumkani waziva engenakuzibamba eqhula ke phofu. How old is your daughter, is she married?
UKumkani yayingase abhabhe ukuya eNgonyama. Kwaku sekuzeni kokusa xa kanye beza kungena elalini eNgonyama, bothuswa sisithatha esasingapha kwenduli, kuqala bacinga ukuba ikho imoto okanye iloli enkulu ezayo, kodwa yayingade ivelele kwelicala baza ngakulo njengoko babekhawulelana nesithatha eso. Bothuka abayeka ukukhuza xa kanti elolitha lalisuka eBhotwe litsho kwakhanya ilali yonke, uGatyeni waba bubhatyaza endleleni ngoba ilitha lalibukhali ngokukhanyisa. Bafika eBhotwe kugcwele kuyinyambalala kwicala elo lalinombhiyozo. UKumkani wangena phakathi kwalo nyambalala wakhangela uMthobeli noMafungwashe, bathi ababengamqondi bamtsala nangebhatyi namaqhina, bambi bemgila bengenaxesha futhi bengamkhathalelango okuya kokuqala, abanxilileyo bambulise benxile paqa, wazama ekhangela. Watyhudisa wade wayokufika eqongeni, wafika kanye xa beqoqosha belungiselela ukuhamba iimvumi sezemkayo. Wathi ebuzisa ngoMthobeli, kwabonakala nje ukuba ubuzisa ebantwini abangenalwazi. Wema eqongeni ekhwaza uMthobeli babe abantu bengahoyanga nabahoyileyo beqonda nje ukuba akukho ncedo abanokulenza.
"Ulale kakuhle kesisi ndiza kukubona kusasa."
"Ndiyarhalela ukukhe ndiphume, kodwa ndiyabulela sana?
Wothuka kakhulu uNobuhle xa kucac'ukuba ingxaki inkulu kangaka. "Uthen'udlwengulwe umntwan'am."
Kodwa Kumkani kwel'inyixesha ukuba nyani ubusimamele ngekungenje.
Yaqala icawe umfundisi wamkela intsapho yakwaNgonyama ngobubele ebonakalisa ukuyithakazelela yonke le nto. Wathi emva kwalo mbulelo wacela ikwayala yaseEdeni ime ngaphambili yamkele uKumkani nentsapho yakhe bandule ukuqhubeka nenkonzo.
Elungisa ukungqengqa kwakho uZintle. "Uyabona wena uthetha ngamagama amakhulu kangaka, amagama angcolileyo inene ungagxothwa futhi ungadityaniswa nabanye abantu uyingozi kucacile ukuba uyityhefu eyingozi."
Amakhosikazi eKumkani aqale anyusa umthandazo phambi kokuba adibane nomyeni ngoba amaxesha anje ngalawo kubo ayengafane abekho. La manenekazi ayenxibe kakuhle ngokumangalisayo wawunokude ucinge ukuba bayaphuma baya kwindawo ekude kunekhaya; kanti hayi bayokubona umyeni. Kaloku umyeni lowo babethatha ixesha ukuze bambone babethi ke xa befumana ithuba elifana neli; baqiniseke ukuba banxiba ngokugqamileyo ukuze baqaqambe bakhe bamchukumise kancinci; kwaye babelungisana kwabodwa bazibotyoze ukuze umyeni lowo ababone bebahle.
Wanyoshoza indlebe zishukuma kucaca nje mhlophe ukuba bamjonge ntsho; apho emva kwakhe. Wabulela nje ukuba atshonele kubo wafika egumbini lakhe wazijula phezu kwebhedi yakhe zabuya zonke iingcinga zako konke obekusenzeka ngezolo, wacinga wacinga wabiwa bubuthongo walala.
Wangena nje wabulisa wathi ezama ukumdlalisa uMafungwashe emhleka-hlekisa wabe uMthobeli ebabaza indlela adinwe ngayo, kangangoba unqwenela ukukhe angene kwishawala etshisayo akugqiba alale zwi zikwazi izihlunu zomzimba wakhe zoluleke. Wathi uMafungwashe emxelela indlela apheke ukudla okumnandi kwanamhlanje ukogqitha isidlo sayizolo wabe engazingeni ezo uMthobeli wangxengxeza wamcela ukuba ucela okwakhe ukutya akubeke ngoba uzakuthi ukuvuka kwakhe ekuseni aqale ngako.
babusangene kukuhlazeka engatyhilekanga tu. Wabe uyise ecaleni enobhongo kangakanani ngayo yonke le nto ingakumbi akubona indlela iNkosana encumele iNkosazana ngayo. "Ububele yinto yale nzwakazi uyabathanda abantu, thyini mfo wam u."
"Yhu yintsimbi yokuqala kusekuseni kaloku nje, liphi igumbi labahambi ndiyokulala?
Le ncwadi ndiyinikela esizweni ngokubanzi, ingakumbi kulowo uthanda ubuntu, amasiko, izithethe kunye nemvelaphi yethu, kwaye esajonge phambili ekuphakamiseni izindlu zegazi zakwaNtu ngobubanzi ukuze siqhubeke nobuntu bethu singazingxenganga.
"Ntomb'am ubanjezelwe yintoni ngoku Wentla ngoZintle. Zintle.?
Yathi ukuba igqitywe lo nqwelo ntaka kwaba mnandi kwaMthobeli, noMafungwashe wayesengene gxwabhabha ekuthandeni inqwelo ntaka, kangangoba kulo mzi incoko yasekhapha yayingenqwelo ntaka kuphela. UMthobeli wamcacisela uMafungwashe ukudalwa kwayo kwakungowuphi unyaka kwathini ukuze ibe namhlanje ibelolu hlobo ilulo. Kwathi ethubeni uMafungwashe wabanomdla ekuqhubeni inqwelo ntaka, baye bagqiba ekubeni mabayo kuhlala kwifama yabo yezilwanyana; uMthobeli azo kumfundisa khona bengaphazanyiswa nto. Balishiya elo pomakazi labo bayakuhlala efama. UMthobeli wayithanda kakhulu ifama le ngoba ubomi kuye batshintsha mpela babulula ngoba kwakukho uthotho lwabasebenzi izinto ezininzi wayezenzelwa ungakubali ukutya, nokuhlamba nezinye izinto anganakuzenzelwa ngomnye umntu , ithuba lokubhabha esibhakabhakeni ngenqwelo ntaka ayihlanjelweyo yayimtsho lo nto angabuboni obunye ubomi ngaphandle kobo basefama.
Bacwangcisa ngenyameko. Ukumkani mhla ehamba wabacela ukuba basuke endlwini yabo bazo kuhlala eBhotwe; uhambo lukaKumkani namakhosikazi akhe yayiluhambo lwentsuku ezintathu bezakubuya ebusuku kwisuku lwesithathu. Zabuya iimvumi zekwaito ngosuku lwesibini uKumkani namakhosikazi engekho ebhotwe. Lomjuxuzo yayizakuba ngumjuxuzo wentsuku ezimbini ngentsimbi yesithandathu ngorhatya uyokuphela ngentsimbi yesihlanu ekuseni; baphinde kwangentsimbi yesithandathu ngengomso bayokuyeka ngentsimbi yesihlanu ekuseni.
"Xa nindifuna ndisegumbini lam lokulala."
"Thyini ntombi utheth'ukuthini xa uthi unje, ngoba mna ndibona umfana okuthandayo phaya?
Baphinyela, baphinyela kwelo Bhotwe bade bafika kwirhangi eyayibakhokelela kwigumbi elo elalihleli intsapho yeKumkani, kulo mphinyelo babewenza beva ivumba elinuka kamnandi bathi ngokuya besondela laye likhula ivumba libaqhekeza intloko ngamandla. Waba buyitsala iqhiya leyo ayijijele entloko uMaison waziqinisa iimpumlo, laye libatsarha ivumba lingamandla amangalisayo. Bangena ke kwelo gumbi linentsapho bekhokelwe nguKumkani. Wathi uKumkani akubona ubuhle bentombi yakhe waqonda ukuba intwana yomYiputa ayiqhashanga namhlanje ayinakukwazi ukuphulukana neli thuba lihle kangaka nakanjani na abanakumswela.
Kulungile uzukhe uyek'ukunqaba ke sisi?
"Hayi Kumkani." Batsho ngexesha elinye.
"Yhazi yintoni Andile, ungaze waphinda wandibiza umtshana wakho mna ukusukela namhlanje ungaze uphinde uze apha ndingakubizanga ulinde de ndikubize, ndicela uphume apha. Goduka Andile! menemene ndini le bhedengu."
Wathi ukuba eve igama lo mntwana wakhe uKumkani waxhuma wagungqa esitulweni.
Amakhosikazi eKumkani azala iintombi zodwa, ngamnye wazala iintombi ezimbini. UKumkani lo wayengenaye unyana kwaye wavela wazixolisa intliziyo. Lahamba ke ixesha iintombi zatshata kodwa yaba ngumnqa ngoba zonke intombi zalapho ezincinci zatshata zishiya leyo yokuqala.
"Hayi andithethi ngothando lwabazali, ndithetha ngothando lokuba nomlingane, ndizakhele umzi nam ndibe nabantwana ndibokhele ikhaya. Iminyaka yam ihambile, abantakwethu bonke batshatile, kodwa kum kunzima ukuba nditshate. Akukho nesoka eli eliphazamela kum. Ngamanye amaxesha ndiye ndingazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ebomini bam."
Eny'into iitshomi zikaBuzwe ndiyazazi uninzi lwazo kaloku bendifunda nazo. Sana uzakusihlekisa ngabantu usengumakoti omtsha kraca kulo mzi wakho; ngoku ke andifuni zindaba ibengathi ngoku ntombi ukh'ubone moss ibengathi ntombi ukuba omnye wethu wendele apho hayi mnt'akabowo asipheli nathi sesincedakele asibaphi nomoya wokuphefumla abakhozi. Ukuba bathi nank'umgidi sesilapho, nants'indibano sesikho, nab'otshomi bakaBuzwe sesikho, nants'intontoni uyayibona phofu le nto ndiyitshoyo.
"Nice to meet you too." UNontle wabonakalisa ububele.
"Kwakushiyan'omam'ukondla." Watsho uNontle ejalile, batsho bayana ngamehlo abanye abafazi.
"Nkosi yam, Yehova andazi nokuba ndivuye nokuba ndilile, nokuba ndihleke okanye ndincume, kodwa iNkosazana ixakwe yintoni mani ixolo elinje ngam kanje. Kodwa nam ndikhawuleze ndangxama ukwamkela imali; ukuba iNkosazana ithe ayandithanda ndiza kuthini. Kodwa ukuba ndinganxiba kakuhle nditshintshe nendlela yokuhamba mhlawumbi angathatheka umxhelo uMafungwashe."
UMthobeli wazitshixela ngaphakathi kwelo gumbi, yakhala indoda amehlo ade abomvu. "Nkulunkulu wam, yonke into ibihamba ngendlela konakele phi Bawo. Inkosikazi yam entle kangaka ngeke ubuhlungu bentliziyo yakhe benziwe ndim. Umfazi wam omhle nendimthanda kangaka madoda. Yini nkosi yam ibingekho enye indlela. "Walila uMthobeli engamvuleli uMafungwashe kwelo gumbi?
Ese kwezongcinga u-Andile wangena uMthobeli embonzelekile wazibona edelekile u-Andile. Mthobeli kwedini awukwazi ukunkqonkqoza phambi kokuba ungene ngubani othe ngena?
"Yhe wethu impundu uyakuba sazithini zona xa efihla nditsho ubuso bembala ngoba ubuso asinto noko ethyulu?
Nkosazana, ndiyacinga ukuba oonyoko bakuxelele ukuba emtshatweni kuyanyanyezelwa andiyazi le uyenzayo ngoku. Kaloku ayithethi into yokuba akasakuthandi uMthobleli inoba nje ikhona into emxinileyo wena nje linda soze ndimthembile la mfana. Izinto ezincinci ngolu hlobo ningabo kuzikhathaza ngazo kakhulu.
UNontle wayehleli phantsi bhaxa egcakamele ilanga ngasefestileni koko kugcakamela kwakhe ilanga kwamozelisa.
"I wish I can spent more time with you people so that I can know you better, but there is always next time. Anyway it was nice meeting all of you."
UKumkani wangena kwigumbi likaMafungwashe engxamile.
"Kak'hle." Watsho uFungie ethe chu uyise ngengalo benjenjeya baya kuphuma ngomnyango basishiya eso sithathu siqhubekeka nokuthenga.
"Ndiyakuthanda Fungie." Wamphuza, baphuzana ixesha elide. Amehlo kaMthobeli kwasa edumbile, nenyheke zembala zazithe fuku. UMafungwashe wathi akubona ukuba umyeni wakhe ukwimeko emaxongo akazimiselanga kumxelela ngengxaki yakhe, wabiza umalume kaMthobeli u-Andile. Wamtsalela umnxeba wamcela ukuba makafike ngoba uMthoblei usengxakini kwaye yena uMafungwashe uzakubapha ixesha bakhe babe bobabini; mhlawumbi uMthobeli uyakuyiphalaza intlungu yakhe. U-Andile walamkela olo bizo ngezandla ezingenamkhinkqi. Wathi emva kwemizuzwana engeyanga phi wagaleleka kwaMthobeli. Wathi ukuba amthi ntla uMthobeli wonyanya wafuna ukugabha.
"UMafungwashe unengxaki, uthi ukusukela ekubeni odade wabo bendayo kunzima kuye. Yena usuke walilolo ke lo nto akaziboni enekamva hlobo lwezothando." Wazonwaya intloko emanyonywane enendawo ethandabuzayo, waye uKumkani emthe ntsho emamele ngenyameko, waqhuba uNobuhle.
Kubo bonke aba bafazi babengaboni sithintelo. UKumkani wathi ukuba bathi gwiqi abafazi bakhe naye wathatha okulingene ikhwapha lakhe eNkundleni wajongisa eBhotwe kwigumbi lakhe lokufundela, wafika apho wangqala ngqo kwi computer yakhe wathumela imiyalezo ebalulekileyo kwindawo ezahlukeneyo. Wathi akugqiba apho watsala umnxeba etsalela iindawo ezahlukeneyo; esakugqiba wacela umqeshwa wakhe othembekileyo uGatyeni owayengumqhubi waseBhotwe wamcela ukuba amkhaphe amse ePort Elizabeth Airport, apho wafika waqinisekisa ukuba xa umfana womYiputa efika aphathwe ngendlela nje ngesitatanyiswa nje ngoko engumntu ohloniphekileyo.
"Hayi andizu kukulibazisa akukho nomntu ozakuqaphela, ndiyakucela wethu ndifuna ukukubona."
"Mthobeli bendingakulindelanga, ufike kwangethuba."
Bangqinelana ukuba amandla kaThixo makhulu ngokuncamisayo bawabone kule mvula banyuka izitepusi. Umqeshwa wasekhapha wayemangazekile ngoba zange awabone la magqiyazana elolu hlobo ngaphambili; wayemane ukubathi ngenjezu eyohlukileyo enombuzo bathi bakuyiqaphela lento yale njezu bamwa ngentsini. Bazinyuka ezo zitepusi bahleka intsini menyo yento engapheliyo. UNobuhle yena wayethe ngce iindlebe emamele umculo owawumtsholo kamnandi, nje ngoba abanye benyuka yena uthi ephezulu abuye ehle ayokumamelisisa loo mculo, atsale nabanye ukuba bazo kumamela umfana wakwaMadlingozi. Ekwakucaca ngenene nangenyaniso ukuba ngumlandeli wakhe efuna ukuva ukuba balubona njani na olu ncuthu mazangwa.
Bahamba umganyana bathi geqe ebantwini nakwinqwelo ntaka ezo, bathi ukuba bathi geqe uKumkani wema wamngqala ngqo emehlweni.
"Tell her you not a mama's baby you are a big boy." Waqhula uKumkani ekhokelela kwisitulo esasihleli uMafungwashe, baphela yintsini bonke kwelo gumbi.
"Kumkani." Ezikhulula koko kubanjwa nguKumkani.
"Nice to meet you too." Watsho uFungie eyolelwe mpela koko kubanjwa yile nkosana yomYiputa.
"Hayi torho ukuba yinto edibanisela nokungcola mna andizingeni ezo."
"Kodwa Fungie mntwan'am ubungasayiboni ukuba lelokhwe incinci kunawe yini sana lwam eshwabene kanje yona ilokhwe."
Ekrwitsheka mpela uMthobeli.
Ngelinye ilanga babhabha noFungie bebuka ezo zilwanyana zazilapho bethatha nefoto zazo kwamnandi; kusuku lwesibini uMafungwashe wafunda ukuqhuba inqwelo ntaka; zange aphinde ahlukane nenqwelo ntaka wayithanda ukogqitha uMthobeli lowo, usuku lwalungadluli uMafungwashe engantingelanga esibhakabhakeni nokuba uMthobeli akakho. Kwabonakal'uba kuyabangiswana ngale nqwelo ntaka kodwa kwakufanele bachilisane ngayo, uMthobeli wamyeka uMafungwashe wakhe wazivisa ubuncwane benqwelo ntaka.
"Mthobeli mtshana, umalume wakho usengxakini.' "Hayi bo lume, ingxaki yantoni ngoku?
"Umtshato sisi undibambele mantsantsa, undibambele kufutshane." Ehleka uThandeka.
Bangena kwenye ivenkile eyayithengisa iimpahla nezihlangu, kwathi kanti kulo mgqithwano babewenza batshayisana noKumkani nentombi yakhe kule venkile; nakhona ngokuba uZintle abone athande isihlangu kanti noMafungwashe usithandile esi sihlangu basibamba xesha linye kwaye yayisesokugqibela.
Babuyela eBhotwe bamnika uFungie izipho zakhe. Wasuke waxakwa umntwana wanga uyaphupha akayazi eyona iqhubekayo ngoba kaloku bamfikela esalele, ukusukela ethe wancokola noZintle wabuya walala wabhideka mpela ngumbono wagqibela ngokuyihleka yonke lento yenzekayo, kodwa wabulela wadomboloza. Kwenzeka ke ngosuku olulandela olo kwangentseni ngalo mini, uGatyeni isicaka salapho esithembekileyo umsebenzi wakhe yayikukusa ilungu naliphi na le ntsapho kulo ndawo linqwenela ukuya kulo ngaphandle kokungabaza nokuthandabuza sabaqhubela imoto kwayiwa entabeni.
UMafungwashe wabamba umyeni wakhe wamkhokela etafileni.
"Bethuna ndiza kunibona ukubuya kwam edolophini ingathi ndingakhe ndibethwe nje ngumoya khe ndithi tshalala."
Hayi Kumkani. Sele ithe bosololo intombi enkulu.
Ugqirha wacela uMaison ukuba afike aphumle endlwini. Bahamba uKumkani noMaison benjenjeya kwayiwa eBhotwe. Endleleni eya eBhotwe wayincoma ngamandla intombi kaKumkani indlela esifaka ngayo isiqholo; ezibuza ukuba inokuba kukangakanani na kwabo abasoloko behleli naye.
"Hayi Kumkani." Ephotholoza izandla.
"Utheth'ukuthini ngoba unyaka uphelile le na yinyanga yokugqibela. Oh! Utsh'uba kwalapha enyangeni."
"Akukho ngxaki, kodwa inyanga ibe yinyanga, andifuni ziqendu zantsomi ezibandayo mna."
Bathi kolonwabo lwabo ecaleni kwe-ondi, kwangena uFungie emanzi tixi umzimba wonke kwaye eqhaqhazela kukugodola. Bathi ukuba babone oko kuqhaqhazela boma baphela yintsini, sele beqhutwya naziinyembezi zikaVictoria, begigitheka kukuhleka. Yakhathazeka iNkosazana iphoxakele kukubona oomama bayo behlekisa ngentlungu yakhe; ngoba ngezolo bebebonakalisa uvelwane nothando. Wanyuka waya kumagumbi aphezulu wakhulula ezo mpahla wanxiba impahla zokulala.
"Ndingabenzela ntoni abafazi abahle base Bathenjwini" UNobuhle waxakwa kukuba makenze njani emehlweni?
Wothuka akuva ilizwi likaMthobeli wosula imifinya neenyembezi ngokungxama. Mthobeli, ufike nini?
Wathi esangqengqile efunda incwadi yodumo yeqhawe lakwaXhosa ethi Long Walk to Freedom, kwakhala umakhal'ekhukwini wakhe wathi akubon'ukuba ngudade wabo uThandeka wancuma wayisabelela phezulu.
"Lixesha elingakanani le nto isenzeka" UZintle wayeqonde ezantsi okwakhe. "Yinyanga enentsuku ukuyiqaphela kwam le nto, ukuba yingxaki, ucinga ukuba le ngxaki singayithetha kuKumkani , ndinethemba lokuba isisombululo anganaso?
Waxhabashela kuMaison wafika esaphethwe ngamaxhala nomothuko, wabona akufika ukuba akasafani nakuqala, kodwa ngoko ebhetele enjalo umYiputa izinto zazing'emntakaNgqika kumYiputa wayengasayolelwanga ngoku. Wabuza uKumkani ebubhideka. Are you all right?
Hlalani phantsi nivale umnyango lowo.'' Watsho uKumkani engathandisi bani, baphela ngalo mzuzu ubuthongo abantu balungisa ukuhlala ngokwendawo zabo.
Waqhuba uKumkani wabuyela eBhayi. UKumkani wayengayichasanga yonke le nto kodwa wayephanjaniswe kukuba engaxelelwanga, wayedikwe nakukubona uMafungwashe okhulelweyo etyhale eso sisu ejuxuzela phezulu.
"Kumkani uMafungwashe khange ajuxuze umntu obejuxuza apha ndim, yena ebezo kubukela mna. Yhazi yintoni mntwa'omhle, thatha imali yakho yonke, mna nenkosikazi yam wohlukane nathi siziphilele ubomi bethu ngendlela esifuna ngayo, kwaye asizukuphilelwa nguwe ngenxa yokuba wandithengayo.' "Awuz'ukundixelela obo boya benkunkuma wakugqiba ukwenza umonakalo ongaka. Andifuni kuva sikhalo sikaMafungwashe uyandiva ndakubhatalela ukuba onwabe qwaba angabe ehlazeka."
"I'm fine, but your daughter's perfume was so close to kill me."
"She's is my first wife Nobuhle." Ekhomba uNobuhle. UMaison wamxhawula ngesandla.
"Kodwa ke sana kuza kufuneka undixelele ukuba ngobani na abaza kubakho, ndikwazi ukuhlenga-hlengisa?
"Ewe nguwe kwiveki eziphelileyo ezi ubungxamile ufuna nditshate, ngoku ndiwufumene umtshato, yonke into uyenza nzima ngoba?
Mna bendisithi masenzeni umthandazo wasentabeni sijonge iziphumo zomthandazo lowo , ukuba zibe zihle simbhalele incwadi uKumkani sibika intlungu yeNkosazana.
"Usityelele ke namhlanje ngodaba lwezamashishino ufuna ukuthenga la fama yam yezilwanyana mna ndiye ndabona iyinto elungileyo ukuba ayifumane ngoba ithuba lokujonga zonke ezifama zam andinalo, kwaye xa ifunyanwa ngumntu omtsha nje ngaye oza kuyinakekela; noko andiboni sizathu sokungathengiseli kwaye uyithenga ngexabiso eliphezulu ngokuphinda-phindiweyo iR80 billion."
Kutheni ingathi utsibe ilitye likaphungela nje kwedini, ucinga ukuba le mali ingaka ndandikubhatala yona ndandikubhatalela ukuba uhlazise ngentombi yam okanye uyonwabise.' Wothuka u-Andile wazitsweba akuva ukuba kanti ixesha eli lonke lo mtshato ngumtshato wentengo.
"Uncede ke ekuseni ungaselwa undivuse kwangonyezi, ngoba kufuneka ndifike kwakusasa eBhotwe.' "Utsho endodeni, ndiza kwenjenjalo. Uncede xa kukho into oyifunayo ungathandabuzi undivuse.'
"Hayi bo siza kuyenza njani lo nto khawuphuhle?
Bafika imoto leyo ibalindile bayishiya intaba bayiqhumisela ngothuli olumhlophe, yayokuthi ngxingxilili phambi kweBhotwe kwabangathi zange ishukume. Behla enqweleni bangena kwigumbi lokuphumla bahlala ngokuzola; bothuswa kukungena kukaMafungwashe owayonwabe ngathi uwine ilotto.
"Yintoni Mthobeli, kwenzeka ntoni "UMthobeli wayebambe iinyembezi ngeenkophe waphakama, wahlunguzela intloko waya kwigumbi langasese?
Waguqa ngamadolo phambi kwakhe. "Mamela kaloku sisi, uThixo uyayazi into ayenzayo, yonke into inesizathu sayo kwaye uyenza ngesizathu. Ukhona umfana okuthandayo ukogqitha nditsho thina bazali bakho kunye nodadewenu, kodwa wena akumazi naye akakwazi. Kodwa ndinengqiniseko ethi apho akhoyo naye ukhangela wena. UThixo uzakwenzela inceba ngenye imini eyokuba nidibane nalo nzwana, kwaye nakuhlala nobabini ngokonwaba ubomi benu bonke. Into nje wena onokundenzela yona undincede ngayo, kukuba ususe amaxhala wosule nezo nyembezi ngoba yena umlingane uzakumfumana ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo. Uyawukhumbula moss umthetho owakhuliswa ngawo ngumama wakho necebo owanika lona, ngumthandazo kuphela kwaye uThixo akahlulwa nto."
"Ndim" Wothuka uKumkani ezithandabuza iindlebe zakhe?
Amadoda akayithandi into yokuba umfazi angaxhomekeki kuwo ngayo yonke into, leyo indawo ibatsho bashikixe unyawo ngamandla. Bangqina abanye abafazi ababini banazo nendawo ezinqwalayo benga bafuna nokuma ngeenyawo kodwa bebonakalisa ukuba uZintle makaqhubekeke achaze.
Bathi emva kolo thotho lwenyembezi bathi chu bebambene ngezandla bangena eBhotwe bakhe bathi ukuyo kuphumla. UMafungwashe wayo kungqengqa kwigumbi lakhe lokulala. UZintle waya kwigumbi lokuphumla kwangenelela nabanye abafazi beKumkani uNontle noNobuhle kwigumbi elo. Babevela kwigumbi lokuphekela beziphathele iziselo zokuphunga bobabini ababafazi babe kwizinxibo zokulala, babencokola behleka kumnandi bathi bakusondela baqhaphela ukuba uZintle akonwabanga kwaye ebelila, bothuka banxunguphala banovelwano oko kuhleka bebengene bekwenza, kwaphela ulonwabo ngoba omnye wabo wayengonwabanga.
Wemka uMaison elushiya usapho luthathekile nyhani ingakumbi amakhosikazi ngoba ayeqinisekile ukuba uMaison umthandile uFungie, nendlela athethe ngayo nje ibonakalisa okokuba umthandile. Ithemba lajikeleza umqala ngakumbi kuFungie xa umam'omncinci wakhe embuza ngoMaison.
UKumkani wabulela ngomsebenzi kagqirha omkhulu awenzileyo, waxakwa nokuba akhaphe amakhosikazi wakhe okanye asale noFungie okanye aye kuMaison. Waphelezela amakhosikazi kwinqwelo yakhe ezixelele ukuba uza kubuya ngomYiputa akugqiba abuyele kuFungie, wathi esekwirhangi leyo ebheka emnyango ophumela ngaphandle esibhedlele, weva omnye umongikazi embiza emxelela ukuba uMaison Blanche sele elungele ukuhamba agoduke. "Ingakhon'ingxaki ukuba ndinganishiya nodwa ndiye kumYiputa" UZintle waphendula engabonakalisi maxhala?
UKumkani wabhideka akayazi ukuba aqale ngaphi na kule nyewe aze ngayo kulo mfana. Wathi sele ecinga ukumshiya angathethi ngale nto aze ngayo wabuya wajika ingcinga zakhe. "Mfo wam andizanga kucela nto ityhulu; koko ndize ngodaba lwentombi yam enkulu, UNkosazana."
Wayenqwenela ukuba inga ingaphinda ithi ukumanga. Kaloku apha kusisi imvula zazingasani amathuba anje ayemnqaqele ngoko wathi akubona uMaison wambona wamthanda, wayemthe ntsho emehlweni.
"Utshu'unyoko Andile uyandiva?
"You remember when we enter your passages the perfume was all over and we sniffed it. Damn she's a real Princess."
Bathi besahleli uMafungwashe waphuma kancinci ngathi uyabuya ngoku, uMthobeli weva ngesandi sesindila phezu kwendlu kanti akabhungisanga, wasiqaphela ukuba sitsholo kufutshane, wabaleka waphuma phandle, wothuka waphantse wawa xa ebona ukuba nguMafungwashe. Waxakwa nokuba enze ntoni, wafuna ukugwencela ayinqakule ayibeke phantsi kodwa wabona ukuba leyo ayiyi kumnceda. Yayingase atsale noMafungwashe lowo kodwa akakwazanga wafane wakhweba ebhabhisa izandla emoyeni, inkosikazi yabe ibhabhela kufutshane incumile ijikelezisa umnwe ikhombisa ukuba iyabuya, yayinyusela phezulu inqwelo ntaka yabhabhela ngasentshona yade yayakutshonela.
U-Andile wamqhwaba ngempama yanye wamhlalisa phantsi kweso situlo, wabuya wamemisa ngeenyawo emxakathisile, wathethela ezantsi eqinise amazinyo.
"Andile ufuna ntoni apha?
"Ndingakujikelezisa uyibone yonke."
Wathatha incwadana enemifanekiso wabuka. "Isiselo esibandayo kum, eselamuni esinamagaqana ambalwa omkhenkce." Wajikelezisa isitulo eso ahleli kuso, wabuyela kwifestile yakhe waqwalasela futhi. UNontle wazilungisa iziselo wabanika ngokwahlukana kwazo, bathi cwaka bonwabela iziselo ezo, bothuswa yingxolo eyenziwa nguZintle.
YayinguZwelikude ke lowo, ingxilimbela yaseBathenjini. Wayeyindoda ethe ncothu ngesithomo esukile mpela egadeni engenamzimba kubheka phi, wayeyindoda enesithomo, hayi ngesidima esinesizotha ngondiliseko. UMhlekazi lona watshata iintombi ezintathu. Wayeyindoda efumileyo kakhulu. Nje ngawo wonke amadoda afumileyo wayeyindlovu engasindwayo ngumboko wayo. Ezi nzwakazi zazintle nazo ngendlela eyenza umunyu kwababukeleyo, batsho banqwenele ukuzisondeza bazihlobanise eBukhosini.
"Khawume Fungie, yhe wethu wenza ntoni ngale mpela veki ndifuna ukukumema?
Kusuku olulandelayo uMthobeli waxelela uMafungwashe ukuba unecebo.
"Andidlali ngawe ngawe mfondini, ndifuna ibeyinto yale mpela veki izayo le yale mali." Watsho egxininixa u-Andile ephaka esitulweni futhi engacengi nje kwaphela.
"Njengoba mna ndizokukucela ndifun'ukukukhupha namhlanje ndifuna siye kwibhanya-skop?
Wayesinekile uMaison ebonakala nje ukuba wanele.
Wayonwabe kakhulu uKumkani ngoba wayesazi abantu abaninzi babeye bathathake zizilwanyana mhlawumbi ingayenye yeendlela enokwenza uMaison Blanche athande ukuba ngomnye wabakhwenyana bakhe. Bagaleleka ke efama, kodwa kwakucac'ukuba mh-m iNkosana ayimnandanga konke-konke iqaqanjelwa yintloko eqhekeka kubini.
Eza amakhosikazi eKumkani etshitshilili ahlala ngokulandelana esithebeni isitulo sikaKumkani sasohlukile kwezinye singcodololwana noko sona. UMthobeli zange aphozise maseko wahlala ngqo ecaleni kukaMafungwashe. UKumkani zange ayithande noko keleyo kodwa wayengenakunceda.
"He! Umam'uZintle uMthobeli uphilile."
UMthobeli wathi ekuzeni kokusa, waqoqa konke ebekucwangcisile oku kokwakhe wayibetha yancinci ukuya kwantliziyo ndise washiyela uMafungwashe incwadana awayishiya phezu kwedrawer eyayisecaleni kwebhedi. Wavuka ekuseni uMafungwashe wavuka umyeni wakhe engekho wazixelela ukuba mhlawumbi usabethwa ngumoya nanje ngamntu othanda ukuvuka ekuseni.
"Kumkani ukuba ufuna ndibulale umntu ndincede cela omnye umntu hayi mna nokuba imali ingakanani na andisoze ndivume."
Kwaba mnandi kwesi sibini sacwangcisa zonke izinto ezizakuba yimfuno ngalo mini bengangxamanga, batsala iminxeba betsalela inkampani zemvumi, bazilungiselela iindawo zokulala balungisa nebala neqonga ekuza kujuxuzelwa kulo.
Wamxhawula uMaison "Nice to meet you."
"Xa ndibuya ndiza kubona kwimpelaveki le siya kuyo siza kuthetha ngomhla womtshato. Ndifuna ubaxelele kwaNgonyama ndikwazi ukuza ndizokuthetha ngelobola, ndihlawule ilobola kwaku leveki."
"Hayi." Wavumbuluka uMafungwashe engcangcazela ngumothuko, wehlela kumagumbi angezantsi ebaleka waleqisa kwisango elikhulu wafika wakroba ukuba uMthobeli akamisanga imoto apho. Wabuya wenyukela kumagumbi aphezulu wavula iwadrobe ejonga iimpahla zikaMthobeli ebeze nazo efama wafika kungekho nanye.
"Ndicela ukhe usiyeke sikuncede mhlawumbi ekugqibeleni uyakusibulela, uvile ke nomama. Soze thina sikuhleke sikuyekele kwaye xa ingxaki yakho uyithethe kuthi awuhlazekanga nakancinci. Uyabona silapha nje sonke siyakuthanda ngokungazenzisiyo kwaye sifuna ukukunceda. Kwaye Mafungwashe amathuba weeNkosana ukutyelela apha anqabile yiyo lo nto sisenza lo msebenzi ungaka uwubonayo." Nontle wayebudla nangenwele zakhe ezicengezela.
Kuza kufuneka ndihambe; eBhotwe bangade bacinge fanukuba ndilitshivela.
Wayihleka uZintle indaba yesondo. "Yiyo le nto ninexhala kangaka noloyiko, bethuna kaloku le yohlukile ekwabelaneni ngesondo nezothando zizinto ezingadibaniyo ezo zonke kwaphela kwathi tu ke ngoku."
INkosana yamxhawula. "Ngithakazelel'ukukwazi ndodakazi."
UNobuhle waba noloyiko, waphakama wangqunga.
"Kodwa Fungie bekungafanelekanga ukuba uzikhathaze kangaka. Uyayazi ukuba umhle kangakanani ukudlula zonke iintombi zeli Bhayi. Ndiyathemba ukuba uzakufumana oyena yena ngoba aba bafana usebenza nabo andibachasanga, kwaye ndiqinisekile ukuba baninzi abafana abanokukufela abafuna ukuba yinxenye yobomi bakho." Ezama ukumosula iinyembezi.
"Ungakulinge uzintwanise apha jonga apha Mthobeli andingomntwana mna uzakundinika kule uKumkani wakubhatala ngayo ukuba utshate intombi yakhe."
"Akukho ngxaki, phosa nje wena incwadi nesiba elo ndiza kubhala." Watyhila incwadana. "Kuza kufuneka siqiniseke ngelokhwe yokunxiba kuqala ukuba nje yona yodwa".
"Ingathi ngowuqala ngoku ukhahl'eliNkosi." Watsho waqokobha.
UNobuhle wamngqala wamcacisela engafuni ukuphuhla nakubonakalisa ukuba kukho dinga lithile okanye ntlobo ebitheni yokulungiselelwa kweNkosazana.
"Kumkani ubunyanisile ngela xesha ubusithi umntu ongazanelisiyo iimfuno zelobola soze akwazi ukwanelisa iimfuno zomtshato. Umtshato ndiyawuchitha."
UMthobeli ebendithembisile ukuba uzakuza azokundibona nesipho, ziintsuku zintlanu akasanditsaleli nomnxeba. Ndiyawuchitha lo mtshato.' Wagixa mpela wazigquma ngezotyali.
"Manenekazi ndininika iintsuku ezimbini namhlanje nguLwesithathu, ngoMgqibelo laa ntwana yamaYiputa iyafika ndifuna yonke into ibe ilungile ubucwebe obungayiwayo; nayo yonke into enicinga ukuba izakumtsho abenomtsalane xa laa ntwana imbona. Ndiyabulela ngentsebenziswano. Kulungile ke ndizakunibona noMgqibelo."
Wathi esancume enjalo wabona ukuba amakhosikazi akonwabanga konke-konke; kwaye ababoni nto incumisayo waya esehlela kuncumo lwakhe. Ebusweni bakhe wayebonakala ukuba wonwabile ukubona amakhosikazi kodwa wehla akubona ukuba kukho undonakele. Wabila woma waphathwa nasisifuthu futhu. Wabuza ngelizwi elomeleleyo kodwa kuvakala ukuba unoloyiko nothando.
"Iintsukwana Iintsukwana ezingaphi gqirha yho! Umntan'am.?
"What do you mean?
"Thixo yiyo le nto begule bonke aba bafazi."
"Hayi khona." Emrhiphula ngengalo uKumkani. "Thatha izinto zakho niyiqhelile into yokukhukulisa ngomfula abantu; mna nale nzwakazi kukho iindawo ekufanele siye kuzo esingekazigqibi. Akunjalo sisi?
Kwafikela ixesha lokuba ahambe wavalelisa kwintsapho waphelezelwa yiKumkani ukuya ePort Elizaberth Airport. Kwacaca nje mhlophe nasesidengeni ukuba uMaison akafuni kwa ukusondela endaweni enoFungie ngoba ubonakala eyintombi enobungozi. Babephoxekile bemanzi abafazi beKumkani. uZintle wamxelela injongo zakhe zokunqwenela ukuba angaphinde ambone futhi. Wayibethisa ngoyaba uMaison akawuphendula lo mbuzo kubonakala nje ukuba leyo ayinakube iphinde yenzeke nje kwaphela.
"Mam'uZintle" Enyenyisa isihlangu eso. "Ndihamba noKumkani.?
"Yiza ngapha ndilandele.' Wanyuka izitepusi uMthobeli emkhokelela kwelo gumbi. "Uzakulala apha ke wena mna kule ingapha kwakho." Watsho ekhomba.
"Isn't she pretty" Wagxuphuleka uZintle ebuphakama nakweso situlo wayehleli kuso?
Wena umbona njani umYiputa?
"Ke lo nto ndize ngexesha elimnandi tshali, kowu ulume akaphumi ezinkathazweni kodwa kumnandi xa ndinabatshana abanje ngawe."
"Andifuni kudla kwakho mna; Andile."
"Yinyani emsulwa engangxengwangwa leyo nam ndiyakungqinela ukuba nje singayenza imfihlo yonke le nto singanempumelelo." Watsho uZintle echopha ebhedini. UNobuhle zange athethe nto ngokugcina imfihlo, amaxesha amaninzi kweli khaya xa amakhosikazi amabini athe angqinelana ngento kwakungabikho mfuneko yokrutha-kruthwano ngoba amaxesha amaninzi babesoloko bangqinelana becinga ngohlobo olufanayo. Babethi ke xa bengangqinelani badibane noKumkani abaxazululele ingxaki yabo xa kukho onkanizayo. UNobuhle walungisa ukuhlala kulo sofa. "Zintle uzakuba ngumabhalane wethu?
"Cela esinye kaloku sana baza kukunika."
Wathi ukuba aqaphele uKumkani ukuba kuhlwile ebusweni benkosikazi wabethelwa ngumbilini wanoloyiko.
"Kulungile mtshana ndiza kukuthumela inkcukacha."
Agobhana amakhosikazi, beyiqonda nje ukuba kuyalunga, izinto ziza ngohlobo lwazo ziyahlangana. Imivuyo ababenayo yayingase baqhwabe nezandla.
Wamosula iinyembezi, "Musa ukuba nexhala sisi, ungakulinge ukhathazeke uyandiva" Wanqwala uFungie wamanga "Akakho ofana nawe.?
Wahlala ecaleni kukayise. "NguMthobeli. Kumkani uMthobeli akasafani noMthobeli lo ndimaziyo uvuka endlwini ngonyezi abuye ngorhatya ngamanye amaxesha ndide ndilale engekafiki ndivuke sewamkayo yiveki iqhubeka ngoku lento. " Watsho egixa kukulila.
Eyicingisisa nzulu le nyewe. "Uyazi kakuhle le nto ndithetha ngayo, ngoku uthini, uyavuma noba uyala" "Yeyiphi le ntombi kwezi ntombi zakho" NguMafungwashe, nguMafungwashe lo uthetha ngaye, hayi kuza kufuneka ndiyicingisise kakuhle le nto. Kodwa uzigqatsile la mntwana kwaye uyazithanda man ndizakumqala ngaphi ke ngoku?
Kodwa uNobathembu usemncinci ukuba angadudelwa nguJambase, kwaye yintombi entle naliphi na isoka alinakungavuyi ukufumana intombazana efana noNobathembu, intomb'am inembeko ngaleyo indawo ndiqinisekile ngokuphinda-phindiweyo.
"Ucinga ukuba yiyo le yokujuxizisa umntu okhulelwe ngolwahlobo etyhale isisu esingakaya. Uyibonile intlekele oyenzileyo emaphepheni?
UFungie walila ngamandla ngoba yabangathi ingoma leyo ibhekisa kuye, kwaye abo bahlabelayo bayayiqonda intlungu yakhe yokuba lilolo, kunjalo nje banyanisile soze kubekho sihlobo sodlula uYesu. Walila ke usisi wade wabanentloni ingakumbi akucinga ukuba abantu bamjongileyo bazakumthela nkqa bacinge ukuba yena mhlawumbi nguNozimalagidi oxakwe zindaba zakhe nabubomi. Walila buntloni elilela phantsi kwendondo ezimnyama awayezinxibile. Wathi kwelo dama wayelenza lweenyembezi wabuya wazithuthuzela ngoba umfundisi wayekwazi ukushumayela wathi koko kulila waxola. Yathi iphuma loo cawe wabe umphefumlo wenzwakazi utyebile, kwaye ezixelele ukuba yena akasakhathali nokuba angangatshati uYesu ukhona ungumhlobo wazo zonke iinkedama zeli lizwe.
Zange amphe ithuba lokugqibezela. "Hayi asikuba ndityala umntu okanye ndonile, lena ngeke ibe nasisombululo. Eyona nto luthando, ndifuna uthando Mam'uZintle, ndifuna uthando." Watsho eqhubekeka edlula kuZintle. UZintle wamlandela, wamthatha bayo kuhlala kwisitulo segolide esasiphantsi komthi omkhulu lowo. "Ingaba uziva uhlukumeza ngendlela esikunika ngayo uthando lwethu. Bendiba siyazama sizikhuphelele sizithulule kangangoko thina singabazali bakho." Wanxuba uZintle akuva ezi ndaba zokuba kanti ixesh'eli lonke abamthandi ngokoneleyo uMafungwashe. Waxhalaba uMafungwashe akubona unxunguphalo ebusweni bukaZintle.
"UNobuhle unyanisile mna bendizakuthi into yokuba sifane sithi qho xa kuphuma umfana kweli khaya sixumbulisane lo nto ayiyi kusinceda, kwaye ndiyasola ukuba imeko kaMafungwashe ayiyodwa." UZintle wabangathi ucinga nzulu. "Nam ndiyasola, kaloku ayikho le, soze umntu omhle nje ngoMafungwashe abesengxakini ngolu hlobo, umzekelo uSithembiso ubonakalise umdla ongamandla xa kuthethwa ngeNkosazana emncoma indlela amhle ngayo ingakumbi emaphepheni, kodwa uthe ukuba amelame ngeliso le nyama khange abonakalise mdla nje ngoko ebesibonakalisile entethweni yakhe."
Batsho bahleka bangqubisa iiglasi ezo babeziphethe.UZintle wazama ukuphakama kodwa egexa kucaca nje ukuba kunzima. "Hayi maan." Wabhodla. "Asizu kumphazamisa nakancinci." Elinganisa ngeminwe eyayinenzipho ezinde. "Nto nje thina siza kumcacisela thina asingobantu abahluphayo." Wabhodla kwakhona.
Bathi bakufika endlwini yecawa babunguzelwa ngobukhulu ububele. Kaloku olu sapho lwalungayi mihla le ecaweni lwaluhlale-luhlale lubonakale kwathi ke ngaloo mhla luye ngalo ecaweni bafike bamkeleke ngobubele obukhulu umfundisi wade waluthatha olu suku nje ngosuku olubusisekileyo ibandla lonke layiqonda likwanethemba lokuba iintsikelelo namhlanje ziphezu kweentloko zabo. UKumkani nosapho lwakhe banikwa isitulo bachopha kwindawo eziphezulu kwizihlalo ezihlala izitatanyiswa nabakhulu abefundisi abahloniphekileyo baseCaweni.
"Nololozana, uphilile" Eteketisa udade wabo?
"Hayi sisi kaloku uZintle akonanga ngokuyithetha into ekutyayo qha ebezama ukuncedana nawe, uyakwazi ukuba nje ngoko siyile ntsapho asikwazi ukuyekela elinye ilingu lethu lisokola sibe thina sinako ukumnceda lowo usengxakini."
ekwenze waba nomdla ezilwanyaneni; ngoba ukuqhuba inqwelo ntaka nezilwanyana yimisebenzi eyahlukileyo?
UNontle walila zibekwa, emcelela ulonwabo umntwana weNkosi, wayibika intlungu yakhe esezinyembezini kunzima ukuthetha ebibitheka; wade wamcela uSomandla afike nalapho angafikelelanga khona. UZintle wayehluke tu kwesi sibini, wayebuhlungu yinto kaMafungwashe ukogqitha wonke owayelapho; wayenazo neendawo ezingqishayo kulo mthandazo iziphayi-phayi zimane ukumhlasela. Kwathi emva kwexesha elidana besathandaza njalo; beva inkwankca yomoya eyabavuthela kulo malaphu amibalabala babewagaxele ukuwanxiba oku befanelekile ke phofu.
UMafungwashe wayesele elandela nje lo nto abazali bakhe bamxelela yona, kodwa ngoku umqa wawomele esandleni ngoba wayezisola ngokuziveza ubulolo bakhe kumamoncinci wakhe. Ingqondo yakhe yayimxelela ukuba isisombululo kuyo yonke le nto siza kubakho nokuba kunini na.
UZintle waziva engenakuzibamba wadlabhuka emcacisela. Kaloku Kumkani amasoka akanqabanga amxhaphakele uNobathembu kodwa koko kuxhaphaka akukho ufuna ukuzimanya naye. Indawo yokuqala ngumntwana weKumkani, okwesibini ufunde wayityekeza, okwesithathu iNkosazana ngusomashishini ophumeleleyo osemagqabini.
UKumkani wazipha obo busuku walala ebila ebibitheka ngumsindo, wathi ngentseni waqokelela amakhosikazi wakhe wababizela kwigumbi lokufundela. Zafika iintombi zilandelelana kucaca ukuba basabanjwe bubuthongo bambi bezamla bambi bezirhawuzelela bambi bezolula.
Wathi ke esekwezo ngcinga zibuhlungu zingenamva namphambili, wabona iintaka ezimbini zibhabhela ngakumthi lowo owayehleli phantsi kwawo. Wathi akuzibona ezi ntaka waqaphela ukuba ziyathandana. Wema waziqwalasela zangena kwindlwana yazo eyayilapho emthini, zondla abantwana bazo. Wayibukela le nto uMafungwashe wakhathazeka ngakumbi ngokuphindaphindiweyo, zazehlela iinyembezi. Wabuyela kujingi wakhe enesingqala. Wawunyusa kwakhona umthandazo wakhe otshisayo. Nkosi yam, Bawo wethu osemazulwini, ukuba iintaka nazo zonke izilwanyana nezirhubuluzi ezikhoyo kulo mhlaba ziyakwazi ukufumana abalingani, kungani na mna Nkosi ukuba ungandifumaneli ndibe lilolo elingumpha ochutywe walahlwa?
UKumkani wamtsibela wamanga uMaison owavele wothuka seso senzo wathi emveni kokumanga wamxhawula ngesandla, bancumelana ngoncumo oluphinda-phindeneyo. UKumkani wamolathisa isihlalo sakhe. Bahlala phantsi uMaison Blanche kwelakhe icala namaphakathi akhe.
"Undithanda njani myeni wam xa ndinje" Watsho watshalaza watetyeza wabheka phambili babe bembukele waphinda waphethuka watetyeza wabuyela kubo?
Wabacela bobabini ukuba bahambe bayo kuhlala eBhotwe bade bafumane icebo kusonjululwe ingxaki. Umoya kaKumkani wawonakele ngoba noko kaloku ngoku wayesele ephilisene ixesha elide noMthobeli; sele emthanda eyekile ukumgxila ngamazwi ahlabayo. Bahamba baya eBhotwe bachitha iintsukwana uMthobeli nolunye usuku ngentsasa yangalo mini wabonakala onwabile, wathatha inqwelo ntaka babhabha noMafungwashe imini yonke, bemane bephumla ixesha elincinci.
Izinto zesintu iyakuba zezona ziza kumfanela ukuba singamlungisa ngamasomi, nemisesane, namaso wesintu mhlawumbi ezo zinto zakumenza abukeke abonakale enguye.
Bakikizela abantu kuyimigcobo novuyo. Wehla uMthobeli kwenye yeenqwelo ntaka enxibe impahla zabaqhubi benqwelo ntaka, wathotywa ngeleli wade wayokuthi gxinya kwelo khuko libomvu babe londlalelwe, wakhawulelwa ngumalume wakhe u-Andile banyukela eqongeni ngakumfundisi bafika bema ecaleni ngasekunene.
Wafika uMafungwashe ehamba noyise owayezokugxininisa malunga nemali abhatalwe yona uMthobeli. Bathi bakufika endlwini bafika indlu ivulwe amanzi emvula engene ngaphakathi, indlu ikhala ibhungane. Bavala iifestile neminyango kumagumbi asezantsi benyukela kumagumbi aphezulu bafika zisavuliwe, uMafungwashe wathi esavala enye wambona umyeni wakhe ehleli kulo mvula egadini wakhombisa uyise. UMafungwashe wahlala phezu kwebhedi walila. UKumkani wabhideka nokuba aqale ngaphi wabamba intombi yakhe emagxeni; wayishiya emveni komzuzu waya kumkhwenyana egadini. Wathi ukuba afike ebona imeko yamehlo kamkhwenyana wamanga wamqinisa. Walila uMthobeli waqala ekuqaleni.
"Kanti nimaxhaphetshu kangaka nilungisa kangaka nifuna ndifumane isoka, bethuna kwenzeka ntoni ngani. Aniyalekanga kukundibona esibhedlele nangoku nisaphinda" Engqondweni yakhe kwathi qatha ela xesha wayekhuphela isifuba sakhe kumam'omncinci wakhe waphethuka wamjonga ngamehlo amabi akhathazekileyo?
UMthobeli wayiqonda ukuba uMafungwashe akayiqondi ukuba yena enguMthobeli ufuna ukuba ngumqhubi hayi aqhutyelwe. Kodwa ngethamsanqa ixesha lokutyelela eVenice lalise liphelile, esi sibini sabuyela emva eMzantsi Afrika. Bafika bayo kuhlala kwaMthobeli kwelo Zulwana uMthobeli wayethi xa elijonga angakholwa ukuba yena umngumnikazi walo ndlu, bahlala bonwabile uMafungwashe wayebathanda abantu basemzini wakhe. U-Andile nentsapho yakhe mandithi kwamntu owayengumhlobo nomyeni wakhe uMthobeli.
UMthobeli wayekhululeke emoyeni umphefumlo wakhe utyebile. Wazithengela umzi omkhulu okufutshane nolwandle, wayengayikholelwa ukuba ebantwini bonke yena enguMthobeli; angahlala endaweni eziphezulu olwahlobo. Wayeka emsebenzini wakhe wacela ipenshini yakhe nomhlala phantsi ngokunjalo. Wamangala umanenjala yile nkqubo u-Andile wamthi jwaxa ngekhulu leerandi wamcela ukuba azithengele iilekese. U-Andile wazixelela ukuba uMthobeli uwine iJack Pot okanye uwine amahashi mhlawumbi ilotto. Wabulela wadomboloza uAndile.
Ebila ngumsindo abafazi bafana bekhunubembe.
"Nohlulekile ngumendo, noyisakele?
"Ngoba, kwenzeke ntoni" Ecinga amalungiselelo angaka awenzileyo uKumkani amenze intloko yaba buhlungu akuva ezindaba?
Efixiza mpela. "Akukho kwanto enokuhamba gwenxa ukuba nje thina singaqiniseka ngamalungiselelo zonke izinto ngomso ziphelele zibe ngendlela.' "Kodwa Mthobeli ubuphi, kutheni unganditsaleli umnxeba xa ndikutsalela ubuwuvalile, kwaye khange uzame nokuzama.' "Yhazi ngoku undibona nje ndisuka esikhulelweni oko bendilungisa inqwelo ntaka ngala mhla umkhulu andifuni nempazamo encinci, ndifuna eza nqwelo ntaka zibe zilungile kungekho nto ishotayo." Esi sibini saphuzana kwacaca mhlophe ukuba umtshato usaqhubeka phofu uMthobeli zange abe saxelelwa ukuba uMafungwashe lo ebesezixelele ukuba kuphelile umtshato uyawuchithwa.
Engcwengisa iinyembezi. UZintle wambamba ngengalo uNobuhle baphindela esofeni eyabaganga ngobuntofontofo ngokunga bayeyela. "Ningothuki kangako, iNkosazana ayidlwengulwanga kwaye ayithathelwanga nalinye ilungelo lwayo. Kodwa ayonwabanga, ndicela nindimamele ndithethe ndigqibe nandule ukulandelisa ngemibuzo. INkosazana inesingqala ngokungendi kwayo kwaye izibona ingenakamva."
"Kodwa kwathini ukuba iNkosazana ingasixeleli, umzekelo ukuba ubungekho mam'uZintle besizakuva ngobani ukuba iNkosazana inengxaki" Waphakama uZintle wasondela kuye elusizi ebusweni. "Intombazana ekwelaxabiso akulo uFungie kunzima ukuphalaza efana nalena ngoba ibonakala iyinto engenamsebenzi kodwa empilweni idala umonakalo omkhulu.?
Watsho uNontle engabonakalisi themba nje ngabanye abafazi yatsho indlu yonke yahlisa umoya nesantya semincili. Kodwa zange iphinde itshintshe into yokuba umYiputa umthandile uFungie kwaye uza umtshata.
"Fungie seems preferable, but as the times goes on I will learn to call your name. Nice to meet you Fungie."
"Mafungwashe.' Watsho ephakama kweso situlo ebehleli kuso. "Ikhon'ingxaki sisi?
"Indlela abantu abathanda ngayo ukubusa, hawu we-ee, ngisho noma umuntu sesenza okungasile bamshayel'izandla kant'amaXhos'anjani. Yiyo le Nkosazana abakhuluma ngayo bethi naku naku umntwana weKumkani hawu ngisho neentombi zasezantsi zingayidlula ngobuhle le ntwazana."
"Ungakhathazeki ndinazo izihlangu ezifana nezi, phofu wethu ziyelelene ndiza kukunika zona."
"Kulungile ke ntomb'am ungakhululeka. "Wahamba uMafungwashe eshiya ingxoxo iqhubeka. Wagqiba ekubeni uKumkani ngentombi yakhe ufuna ikhulu leenkomo zobisi ezingumbala omnyama nomhlophe kuphela hayi enye intlobo. KuMthobeli yaba zizinto ezincinci ezo ngoba wazixelela soze angazifumani ezo nkomo nokuba uzifumene phi. Ilobola kwagqitywa ekubeni izakufuneka ekupheleni kwempela veki. Emva kwesi sigqibo yachithakala ingxoxo. UMthobeli zange abenaxhala kuba wayezixelele ukuba yonke le nto yezi nkomo zizinto ezincinci. Wa-odola iinkomo zobisi kwenye yefama ezazikufutshane neBhayi, wabaxelela ukuba uzazokuzithatha ngempela veki. Zamtyabula iinkomo ngexabiso lwazo kodwa indoda zange iyive nalo nto yelo xabiso ngoba wayengaxakekanga.
"Kodwa mna malume bendisithi masizithathe ezi nkomo soze sibenathuba lakufumana ezinye ngoku sesisele neyure ezimbalwa. Masimyeke sizithathe ngoku zinje uKumkani noko andiqondi ukuba anganengxaki.' "Mtshana akubhujwanga eBhotwe asinakusa iinkomo ezimnyama, eligxagxa liyasiqhela. Uyabona wena uzakusibhatala ngobubuvuvu ubenze apha."
"Mholweni ayaphi amagqiyazane nabahle kangaka?
Embambazela ebuka intaka yakhe kwaye ebonakalisa ukuba ingase bathethe ngokungxama akwazi ukuphinda avavanye inqwelo ntaka yakhe, wayemdaka esisincungula ngamafutha enqwelo ntaka ede wazityikila nasebusweni. "Ndingathetha nawe ecaleni" Watsho uKumkani ebonakala nje ukuba akanaxesha layo yonke lo mbudane , kodwa eqaphela ukuba umfana lowo uyayithanda ngokwenene inqwelo ntaka?
UKumkani wamthatha nje ngesihlobo sikaMthobeli ncakasana u-Andile. Ilanga lo mtshato kaMafungwashe noMthobeli yaba ngundaba mlonyeni, babesemaphepheni kulo lonke eli, nabani na owayekhona apho ayengenakuze awulibale lo mhla umkhulu kangaka. UMthoblei wathatha umkakhe wamsa kwilizwe laseVenice phesheya kwelwandle. Bonwaba eVenice kuMafungwashe yayingase bangabuyi kodwa uMthobeli wayesele ediniwe kukuhlala eVenice ngoba iphezu kwamanzi, ikakhulu wayesele ekhumbula inqwelo ntaka yakhe. Waye ngayikholelwa into yokuba angahlala iiveki ziqengqeleke engakhange antingele phezulu, wayeserhalela nokuba yintaka kwelinye ixesha. Wathi ukuba ayiqaphele le nto uMafungwashe wamxelela ukuba angabinaxhala baza kubhabha batyelele kwenye yedolophu ezilapho kufuphi bazo kutsho bafumane ixesha lokundiza.
Ekuqaleni bacinga ukuba mabayenze eBhotwe yonke lo nto ngoba abazukukwazi ukwenza imali ethe xaxa, ngoba ukungena ebhotwe amasango wakhona noko ngawexabiso kwaye abantu bazakuba nomdla nokubona iBhotwe uqobo.
Watsho ekhokela wadibana noMafungwashe emnyango.
Kwathi thimbilili kusisi, kodwa wothuka xa esiva ukuba kanti kukho abantu abaye bamve xa elila kwigumbi lakhe lokulala. "Asiyonto ingamandla le noko Mam'Zintle, nyhani akukho nto." UZintle waba bufudumala kodwa wazipholisa ngophanyazo. "Fungie ndiyakuzala. Awunakuthi akukho nto wakugqiba ukulila imini nobusuku bayo. Uyayiqonda ukuba umntu uyafa nokufa, okanye enzakale xa egcina into emtyayo ngaphakathi, mhlawumbi singakho isisombululo," ecenga uZintle engazenzi.
Kaloku Kumkani siye saqonda ukuba isiqholo si.
"Yhazi Mthobeli mtshana wam ndifuna undincede ngeshumi lewaka leerandi."
"Yona kanye, ubutyebi bam bufele phaya, zonke ezazilwanyana iyakuba zezakho ngegama akukho sityikityo nasivumelwano esizakusenza. Singangena ngaphakathi ke mfo wam."
"Ungaxhali akukho ngxaki, ungahamb'uyokuhoya undwendwe."
OoKumkanikazi babonwabe mpela ngesiselo uZintle weza nengcamango abayibona nje ngengcamango eyakhayo.
"Wancuma uFungie. "Hayi suka Mthobeli khawundigoduse."
Bathi abafana bakujonga, babone indlela endiphila ngayo, batshintshe umqondo babekumila kumbi abanye kuba nzima nditsho ukusondela. Kwaye mna ndifuna umntu ozakunditshata kuba ndindim, hayi kuba ndingulo mntu ndinguye, hayi kuba ndinemali okanye ndingumntwana weKumkani. Ndifuna umntu ozakundithanda.
"Ulilela ntoni" Wamosula iinyembezi wamanga?
Wacela ukuba angamnceda umanenjala ngemizuzwana embalwana yena noGatyeni bahlale phakathi e-ofisini balindele umfana. Umanenjala wakuthakazalela oko wabachazela ukuba akanangxaki nokuba angahlala. Wabacela ukuba benzelwe into ephungwayo ekhatshwa ngamaqebengwana, kwenziwa oko njengoko umanenjala eyalele, walonwabela olo suku lokutyelelwa yiKumkani nephakathi lakhe le mbeko uGatyeni. Umanenjala lo wayenenjongo eziphambili efuna ukwakha ubuhlobo obuliqilima phakathi kwakhe noKumkani bakwazi ukumane betyelelana; kambe yena manenjala abengumhlobo kaKumkani osemazantsi entliziyo, wazama umanenjala wayiqhuba incoko kodwa uKumkani wayengayolelwanga kwaphela.
"Ingxak'ayikho, nje wena tata wam endimthandayo ukuba ungandixelel'ixesha" Emlungisa utayi, nebhatyi encume olugoso, ngokungathi utsho kula nto ebekade eyilindile. "Nje ngangoku.?
"Ndagqibela nini ukukhe ndihambe noKumkani inokuba ikho into azakundixelela yona kwaye ibalulekile. UKumkani ebantwini bonke, izinto ziyenzeka lo mntu uhlal'exakekile amaxesha amaninzi." Ehleka kancinci.
"Uyintoni ke wena apha?
"Hayi andazi mtshana, kowu awazi indlela endinebhongo ngayo ngawo." Mane etsala umsi wecuba.
"Mandithi nje wena ndifuna yonke into ibenomtsalane, kangangokuba ndinengqiniseko nendawo ethi laa mfana soze aphozise maseko ngoba uMafungwashe mhle indalo." Wayesele emi ngenyawo uNontle. "NgumXhosakazi kaloku uFungie ngalo mgqibelo nokuba umYiputa sele ebone enye intombi ezelozwe lakhe, kodwa ngoku uzakufika esitishini kwakushiyana omam'ukondla." Ebajonge ntsho. Bothukela ngaphakathi abanye abafazi. "Khawume Nontle ngokungxama akukabikho kwamtshato nazithembiso apha isengamalungiselelo wokuba baqhasane abantwana." UNobuhle engayiqondi intetho kaNontle.
"Lithini" Babuza xeshanye?
"Hayi bethuna umam'uZintle." Ezincumisa elaqaza.
"Yhazi ndicinge ntoni, ndicinga ukuba siqwebe imali sinyuse ingxowa yolutsha lwaseNgonyama kwezintsuku uKumkani engekho."
UKumkani waphambana akubona intombi yakhe kwesi sinxibo. Nathini na bafazi ndini, lo mntwan' uza kubalekwa lela soka lixele la mfana womYiputa. Umntu akufunekanga nisele nimenze esi sicigogo useza kubalekwa lo mntwana ngamasoka ukuba nisaqhuba ngolu hlobo, kwaye nimenze waguga kanjani lo mntwana, nithi yiyo ke le Nobuhle?
"Nice to meet you too, I thought you were going to visit with your mother" Ebobothekile uZintle embambe ngqi?
inani kwashiyeka isibini kucaca nje ukuba kunzima; ukuba masifumaneke lwagqitha usuku lwesibini nolwesithathu nosuku lwesine, inani lingade ligcwale. UMthobeli wamazisa uMafungwashe ngale nto. UMafungwashe zange abonakalise kugxeka kuyo yonke le nto wamxelela ukuba makaqhubeke nokukhangela iinkomo. UMafungwashe emveni kwencoko yakhe noMthobeli wabaligqabi waya kuyise ephambene engafuni nokuva.
"Zange ndibe namathandabuzo, wena ungoyena kudala ndizula, kanti ubambo lwam lukwalapha eBhayi, mna bendikhe ndizikhohlise ngamanye amaxesha ndithi mhlawumbi ulonwabo nobomi bam abukho lwalapha eMzantsi Afrika; bukwelinye ilizwe nje ngoko amaXhosa esithi induku entle igawulwa emazweni. Waphinda wamthi chu ngengalo baqhubeka basondela kufuphi nedama, bafika apho bangana baphuzana kwakho."
"Usuku besingekalumisi, siye saqonda ukuba makuqalwe ngelobola, kwakugqitwya sizakulumisa usuku lo mtshato, kodwa ndiqinisekile izakuba yinto yalapha enyakeni."
Intaba leyo yayithe qele apho eBhotwe. Babekhwele imoto yohlobo olungcadalala i(4x4). Imoto leyo yayibomvu ngombala. Bathi bakufika apho entabeni bamyalela ukuba bona baza kunyukela phezulu apho entabeni; bakuthi emva kweyure behle. Benyuka kwimixewuka, namathambeka benyathela lo maqaqa asentabeni. Ezi nzwakazi zazithe cwaka kungekho ithetha nenye; nditsho umgushuzo bebonakalisa intlonipho bezolile bexele impepho yalo mini, isibhakabhaka sasiluhlaza sicwengile kungekho nelifu elimdakana. Bathe bakufika encochoyini yentaba bexum bakhangela indawo ethe tyaba; bathe bakuyifumana bema kuyo babambana ngezandla bokha isangqa bawunyusa umthandazo otshisayo.
"Akukho ngxaki, khawundilinde nje kancinci."
Waqhutywa ke uKumkani ngemoto yodidi oluphezulu egama liyi limosen, kaloku imoto ezulolu hlobo azikhwelwa nokuba ngubani na ziqatyelwa ngabantu ababalulekileyo, uKumkani nje ngomnye wezitatanyiswa naye wayenalo olu didi lwemoto kwaye ingenyanga.
UZintle wayefuna nokulila endyengezelisa ilizwi.
Yaya ekupheleni iveki waqonda uMthobeli ukuba akanalo elinye icebo kukuba asuke agqibezele ukubhatala imoto leyo ka-Andile. Wamtyikityela icheque wamnika lo mawaka alishumi eerandi. UMthobeli zange imphathe kakuhle konke konke le nto, kodwa wayengenabani owayengayixukusha naye ingakumbi uKumkani ngoba u-Andile wamxelela ezinkonxeni ukuba kuKumkani uzakuthi uxelelwe nguMthobeli uqobo. Yamtya, yamsebenza le nyewe, waphathwa ngumva ndedwa uMthobeli, kodwa wabuya wazithuthuzela ngelithi yena akalahlekelwanga kakhulu noko amawaka alishumi eerandi ayimali ingako, kodwa ubuhlobo phakathi kwakhe no-Andile buphelile vuthu.
UZintle wamthi chu uNobuhle ngengalo wamkhokelela ngaphandle bahamba ngokulandelelana babuyela kwigumbi lokuphumla apho bafika bangqengqa kulo mondlalo wabo acaleni komlilo babiwa bubuthongo balala.
Kulo mixethuka namathambeka eBhayi kwilali iNgonyama ilanga lalithe chapha kuhle ngentseni yohlobo lingcangce phezu kwentaba zaseNgonyama, iintaka zintyiloza ngomculo opholileyo ngokunga zivuyela ihlobo. Umzi weKumkani yamaXhosa wawuvele kwelo langa ngokunga ugcakamele nobuhle bendalo. Kwakungekho ndlu intle kulo lali ukodlula indlu yeKumkani, kwaye yayingekho indlu eyayiphikisana ikhuphisana nalo ndlu ngobuhle. UKumkani uqobo lwakhe wayemhle ukusuka elukhakayini lwentloko ukuya kuma eluzwanweni lwenyawo.
"Icebo lakho lihle, akhe abenguFungie wendalo, kodwa mna bendisithi noko ezinye iindawo kufuneka sizixomezelele."
"Ukumkani uzakuyivuyela le nto ndiyakuxelela zange kaloku yabakho into elolu hlobo apha eNgonyama." Wayemfungisa nyhani uMafungwashe.
"Khawume kancinci ndiza kukunika." UFungie etsalela kuye esiqinisile.
UMaison azange ayiphendule ke leyo. UKumkani wamthi gxezu uZintle embonakalisela ukuba kwanele engekade ayimoshe.
Watsho uNontle ecinga nzulu.
"Kodwa inokuba incinci kaloku ngoku kwakukudala ngoko Kumkani , ndagqibela kudala kwa ukuyinxiba andisayazi nokuba iphi. Kodwa kula ndawo ikuyo kufanel' ukuba incinci."
ezazibengezela ngokwenene. Wathi ukuba uMthobeli ulijula engahoyanga; zange aqaphele ukuba ilaphu liwele pheze kwezihlangu zikaGatyeni waqhubeka wahamba noKumkani. UKumkani wathi sele ethandabuza sesi sincungula asibona phambi kwakhe kodwa wabuya wakhumbula indlela ebemhle ngayo ecaweni umbhexeshi.
"Nam andinambono wam, kodwa mna akukho nto inokundohlula ingayintoni enzima ekuyaleleni abantu, ubanike umthetho qha, yinton'enzima apho."
UZintle wayibona incwadana ebhalwe nguMthobeli wamnika uMafungwashe ukuba ayifunde, bema xhonxosholo uMafungwashe walaqaza wahlala phantsi wayifunda lo ncwadi.
"Lo mntu unguye usisityebi sesinhanha esingawothiyo umlilo. Intle indlu yakho andinamunyu, intle umona phantsi."
Wagxininisa ekubeni uGatyeni ancede angabuyi neziqendu zentsomi ebandayo, wankqonkqozisa futhi ekubeni angakulinge uGatyeni angamfumani umbhexeshi amfune amfumane, kusasa ngomso uyifuna kobo busuku bangecawe ngoMvulo kuse uGatyeni enenkcazelo egcweleyo.
UMthobeli ngelinye ilanga wafumanisa ukuba indiza yakhe iphinde yamoshakala, ngale ndiza wayengaziva ke, wayesele eyithiye negama elinguMafungwashe eyibhale apha emacaleni. Wayinyikinyela eyilungisa. Avuke ngonyezi abuye ukutshona kwelanga. Yayimphethe kakubi kakhulu inyewe yale nqwelo ntaka uMthobeli kangangoba wayephazamisekile engenayo nencoko eninzi xa ehleli nenkosikazi. Wathi ngobunye ubusuku esabuya kulungisa inqwelo ntaka leyo, wafika inkosikazi yakhe ipheke isidlo sangokuhlwa esinephunga elingayiwayo. Wayesihombise ngenxa zonke isithebe uMafungwashe ede wabeka iintyatyambo ezibomvu igumbi lokutyela lingqongwe ngamakhandlela ayitsho lo ndlu yakhanya kancinci, kodwa watsho phantsi ngoba uMthobeli wayengenamdla.
Ngenye imini ndiye ndamamelisisa kodwa zange ndive nto. Ngale ntseni ndiye ndambona ehleli phaya egadini ngasemva bekusekho ums'obomvu ke ngoko kude kwasa gede ehleli phaya ndithe ukuba ndisondele ndafumanisa ukuba uyalila." "Elila Kodwa ingaba ingxaki yintoni ngoba ubukeka onwabile nje " Eqononozele phantsi uNobuhle?
Bafika eNkundleni kaKumkani eyayintle ngokwenene iphantsi komthi omkhulu inesigqumathelo esasokhiwe ngohlobo lweglasi yenza eso sakhiwo sasibukeka ngokwenene. UKumkani wayehleli kwisitulo esiphakamileyo segolide esasishayina ngamandla ngoba sasicocwa maxesha onke. Eso situlo sasimtsho ahlalele phezulu kwindawo engentla kubantu bonke abalapho entlanganisweni.
UZintle uye wambona elila kula gadi isemva kwendlu, uthi ke ezinyembezi zeNkosazana asinto yangoku le ngxaki kudala imphethe isithuba esingangenyanga ngoku. Siye sacinga ukuba masize kuwe mhlawumbi unganecebo umbonele uMafungwashe, ngoba thina siye saxakwa yile nyewe. Ingqondo kaKumkani yamxelela ukuba noko ibingento ifuna kuxoxwa, kwaye yena akaboni nto ityhulu kuyo yonke le nto. Kodwa wabubona ubungozi bale nto kwiimbuso zamakhosikazi wakhe ezazingatyhilekanga zibonakala zilusizi. Wavakala esitsholo phantsi.
Ebobotheke mpela. "Ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesixhenxe." Wambamba emxakathisa.
"Unyanisile." Watsho ephakama uNobuhle ukuya kwiwadrobe yakhe watsala idrawer wakhupha incwadana nesiba lokubhala. Kuza kufuneka sizibhale zonke izinto esizifunayo apha phantsi zesikwazi ukuthi xa sise dolophini umntu azi ukuba ungena kweyiphi ivenkile uyeka eyiphi, singagqibi iBhayi ngento esingaqinisekanga ngayo.
"Uthetha ukuthini Kumkani xa uthi ndonwabise intombi yakho, nexabiso?
Wabangqala ngalo mbuzo uMaison basuka bancuma bambi behlunguzela intloko bengazi nokuba mabathini. "I didn't know Kosa girls are this much beautiful."
"Zonke izinto zimgqetse zihamba kakuhle." Wayebonakala ebusweni uZintle ukuba akukho kwanto ekhe yamgqetse apha.
"Lengc'ikhoyo yingca yamabhetyebhetye umyeni wakho sebaleke wazokuxelel'indaba zasebuhlanti iindaba zamadoda."
Amakhosikazi ayehleli ethe thande kwisofa yodidi oluphezulu eyayinemilenze yegolide nendawo zokwayama zegolide ezaziqukunjelwe ngelaphu elihle lesilika. Babehombe bemanzi ngobuthathu babo benxibe iimpahla ezingayiwayo ezenziwe ngamalaphu abukekayo esintu, nezihlangu zabo zaziyenye indlela, bonke bethwele izicocwana entloko ngendlela efanelekileyo. UMafungwashe wayenxibe ilokhwe yakwa SunGoddes yamtsho wagqama, nobucwebe bakhe bamtsho wagqama ngakumbi yayingathi uyatshata.
"Kuba nzima umntu ofana noMafungwashe ophumelele ngolu hlobo ukuba makafumane indoda." Ehleka kancinci.
"Kodwa nje ingangubani onokuthunga ilokhwe enokuthatha umxhelo womfana womYiputa." Watsho uNontle ephithanisa imilenze yakhe ebambelela esidleleni. "Singazama ukuxhumana noRoccobarocco okanye uSun Goddess. Kodwa kufuneka siqiniseke ukuba sifuna ukuba ibeyintlobo enjani, ingaba yilokhwe yesintu okanye entshona Wacinga nzulu uNobuhle ngale lokhwe?
Ekuseni ngomso xa lithi chapha kufuneka sibe sesiphaya, okwanamhlanje masilungiseleleni indlela esiza kuyibeka ngayo le nyewe kwiKumkani." UNobuhle wazinza walungisa ukuhlala kwisofa leyo. "Mna bendisithi okwangoku masikhe sizame ukonwabisa uMafungwashe. Indlela yokuthetha imeko kuZweli iza kuzivelela, uThixo uzakulenza icebo uzakulibonakalisa. Zangqinelana ke iintombi, zenjenjeya ukuya edolophini apho zawanqa khona izipho eziluthotho udederhu womthwalo wawunokude ucinge ukuba bazakuvula ishishini elithile.
Kusuku olwalandela olo lwasedolophini lwaba lubi kakhulu nangokwenene kumakhosikazi eKumkani; ingxaki eBhotwe yayikho, ilokhwe yeNkosazana yayingekafumaneki. Into eyenzekayo kukuba zombini inkampani ezo kwakucelwe kuzo zacela ilokhwe izokuthathwa ngentseni yangoMgqibelo ngoba ixesha abacele ukuthungelwa ngalo libe lufutshane. Ingqondo zazime ngxi ngoba undoqo ilokhwe yayingabanika eyona ngxaki inkulu nomonakalo. Lo nto yabenza ukuba baphathwe ziintloko ezibuhlungu nemithambo batsho bazigcina ezipilisini ilanga lonke. Kaloku la manenekazi ayengasaboni sithintelo esinokwenza umYiputa angamtshati uMafungwashe ngoko ke babesenza konke okusemandleni, kodwa yona ilokhwe yabatsho babhideka imiqondo.
UMaison wamanga uFungie wathi akugqiba wamxhawula.
"Mholo sisi." Batsho xesh'anye bemjonge ngamehlo anombuzo.
Jonga ke kwedini yonke lento iphelele apha kule ndawo, ndikunika iiyure ezintathu ukuba ucinge ngale nto, uncede ungandibambezeli.
UMafungwashe watyelela eBhotwe wangqala ngqo eNkundleni apho uyise wayechithela khona ixesha lakhe elininzi. Wathi ukuba uKumkani ayibone intombi yakhe wayiqonda ukuba ukhona undonakele yayibhalwe ebusweni bale ntombazana. Wacela ukuba amaphakathi wakhe ukuba akhe amshiye okwethutyana nale nzwakazi. Kumnandi nje kaloku ukwendela kufutshane ekhaya. ' Waqhula watsho kodwa wabe ebona ukuba intombi yakhe iyangcwengisa.
Endlwini yokuphumla kwakuthe nzwanga; uZintle exakwe nakukucacisa okanye acele uxolo wayefane emonqelwe ngoba wayengathandi ndawo enengxabano nandawo enogrwangxuliswano nengenaxolo ngoko ke wayekhetha ukuthula.
Amafu ahlangana ewayi-wayi esibhakabhakeni kwamnyama ngesiquphe. Yona imvula ayanetha yangxiza ngathi kudala inetha; yaphokoka yenza njalo kodwa ingenamibane itshawuzayo ingenazindudumo zigqakrazayo. Izitalato zagcwala ngamanzi equkuqela, imilambo yazala yema ngeembambo ngeyurana ezimbalwa, bothuka abantu basekuhlaleni sesisenzo semvula enkulu kangaka ekhukulise izihlahla namatye entaba.
Wemka uMaison Blanche wasala ezintliziyweni. UKumkani waphelezela kwade kwaba sesikhululweni senqwelo ntaka, waqinisekisa ukuba iNkosana yomYiputa iqabele ngokukhuselekileyo. Wabuyela endlwini yakhe ebibitheka ngumsindo yindlela yobudenge abafazi bakhe abenze ngayo izinto bamosha yonke into phantse bambulalela nomtwana. Wangena eBhotwe abafazi beva ngokumbakrazwa kwecango bathi bakuva eso sandi nje ngoko babehleli ndawonye bajika bajonga ngemva bobathathu bathi bakuthi ntla ngomyeni wabo baqonda nje mhlophe ukuba konakele ukuhlala, banga bangabaleka okanye bazimele mhlawumbi kuvuleke umhlaba bangene. Inqathe lanquma ngoba kwakungekho ndlela. UZintle wadwanduluka engabuzwanga nto.
"I'm saying I can remember the smelling was so strong, very strong."
Bayihleka bebobabini lo ndawo, Ze ndifike ngobani ixesha?
UZintle wasondela ecaleni kwakhe waguqa ngamadolo phambi kojingi lowo. Kwenzeka ntoni walila kangaka?
Wabaphuza bonke esidleleni "Kuthen'ingathi anonwabanga nje ikhon'ingxaki." "Hayi akukho ngxaki wena nosisi."
Uyayikhumbula ntomb'am lalokhwe wawuyinxibe mhla sityelele kwaBaw'uMandela uyayikhumbula indlela ababeyincoma ngayo ilokhwe yakho neNkosikazi yakhe, nam ndayithanda gqitha lalokhwe, kodwa awusayinxibi ngoku, khawukhangele yona sisi.
Yafika yona impelaveki uMthobeli nonozakuzaku bayokulanda iinkomo efama kamnumzana Schoeman, baphoxeka xa befika iinkomo ezingamashumi amabini zimnyama zonke ishumi lesibhozo limhlophe namnyama. Waphambana u-Andile wafuna ukumbetha umnumzana Schoeman ngoba ulumoshile usuku lwabo kwaye ebethembisile ukuba uzakubanika iinkomo ezimhlophe namnyama zobisi. Wamleqa emphosa ngezihlangu nangempama ezamqhwitha lo wakwaSchoeman kaliqela. Wabaleka umntwana womlungu engxengxeza ecela uxolo wanqandelwa ngaba kubo bengasiboni isizathu sokucaphuka komhlobo wabo. Wanqandwa nanguMthobeli, wayothuke uSchoeman ephatshe ebusweni. UMthobeli wamxelela uSchoeman indlela ebekufanele wenze ngayo. U-Andile wamxelela ukuba yena engu-Andile uzakumsa enkundleni yamatyala ngokophula isithembiso, kwaye ngale ndlela enze ngayo uSchoeman umoshe into eninzi ngoba abayazi ngoku ukuba bangafike kwaKumkani badliwe ntoni. UMthobeli wamthoba uvalo umhlobo wakhe owayesele engumalume kaMthobeli wokwenene ngoku.
UZintle nje ngomabhalane wayesele ephethe incwadana nosiba lokubhala konke okuza kuba yimfuno ngalo mini.
Shsh-s, akukho nto iphazamisekileyo qha ithuba esazane ngalo libe lincinci; kodwa ndiqinisekile mbambo zonke zentliziyo yam asenzanga mpazamo mna nawe sokohlulwa kukufa. Yhazi ndithi ndakucinga ixesha lam endilimoshe phandl'apha kant'ixesha lonke lo mntu ndimfunayo nanku. Kodwa ndandiyazi ukuba ndizakude ndikufumane ngenye imini. Ubuhleli phi, khawutsho?
"Uyakhumbula kaloku ndim obesibambe kuqala eso sihlangu?
Lonke igqiza lika Mthobeli lalinxibe ibhulukhwe nezihlangu neqhina elimnyama kwakunye nehempe emhlophe. Bakhwela kulo moto ingcadalala eyakhokela iinkomo wamtyityimbisela umnwe u-Andile uSchoeman owangxengxeza bade bahamba kulo fama yakhe. Zakhokelwa iinkomo zikhweliswe elorini zonke zilelo khulu kwayiwa eBhotwe. Bafika eBhotwe zathotywa iinkomo uKumkani zange ayinyonyobise into yokuba akazifuni ucela bajike nazo kwaye ubadla inkomo enethole ngaphezu kwelo khulu. UMthobeli waziva edikiwe yile ncasalala kaKumkani ngoba inkomo iyafana nenye, kodwa zange athethe bahamba nalo elo khulu bengayazi noba bangazigcinisa phi, ngoba izindlu zabo noko idyaridi zabo azinakwanela ikhulu lee nkomo.
"She's my first daughter Mafungwashe."
Utyelelo lwaseMtata yayizintsuku ezimbini kusuku lwesibini babuyela eBhayi uKumkani nephakathi lakhe uSithembiso bayikhomba kwaZulu.
kwentsuku ezintlanu uMthobeli wazifumana iinkomo ezimbini kwakunye nenkomo enethole elonyayo. Baphinda baphathelela nonozakuzaku bakhe bazisa iinkomo eBhotwe. Waphinda wadliwa uMthobeli ibhotile yebranti ngokukhalaza xa uKumkani ejikise iinkomo ebengazifuni; wamxelela ukuba loo nto ibonakalisa ukungabi nantlonipho. UMthobeli wazikhupha zonke iimfuno zikaKumkani ngaphandle wamnika ngobunjalo bazo.
"Ngeshumi lewaka leerandi, kodwa ndingayithatha phi loo mali malume, sukudlala ngam mfondini."
"Hayi bo uphi uMthobeli kanti benihleli phi ixesha elide kangaka isidlo silungile."
Bavuma bonke bemthe ndla ngamehlo. "Nivuke kwasekuseni ke namhlanje." Wathi sele ecinga ukuya kubo aphendule lo mibuzo banayo ibhalwe kwezo mbuso zabo wabuya wajika waqonda indlela eya kumagumbi aphezulu.
'Kodwa bethuna ayizukusinceda into yokuba si.'
UMthobeli nowakwakhe babengesahlali isigxina kumzi wabo omkhulu wasefama, koko babemane betyelela lo mzi ngempela veki kuphela. Kaloku nje ngoko uMafungwashe wayekhulelwe amashishini asekhapha ayexhomekeke kuMthobeli kwaye engenathuba lipheleleyo lokuba athi esefama abe eseBhayi ngoko bagqiba ekubeni mabahlale eBhayi, ngenye impela veki batyelela efama kwathi kuba esi sibini sele kuzinyanga bayizilayo inqwelo ntaka, kwaye umyeni wakhe wayemgonye ngako konke okusetyenziswa kwanqwelo ntaka akwaziyo.
Ndibulela kakhulu kwaba bantu balandelayo bekwabaluleke kakhulu empilweni yam, kwaye ngaphandle kwabo mhlawumbi le ncwadi ngeyingakhange ibeyimpumelelo kuba ngabo abayinkuthazo empilweni yam nakuyo yonke into endiyenzayo: kuNcedo, uLundi noMncedisi, abantwana basekhaya, noodadewethu uNtombekhaya noNomalady. Ndingalibalanga abazali bam uThembekile noNofirst Cekiso. Ndisithi kubo ndibulela ngokungazenzisiyo ngamabali abandibalisela wona ebuncinaneni bam nasekukhuleni kwam, namhlanje ndikwazile ukubhala incwadi.
Ukumkani wayiqaphelisisa intlungu yentombi yakhe kwaye wayibona ukuba asindlwana iyanetha. Wayiqaphela indlela intombi yakhe eyithande ngayo ingoma yekwayala nendlela eyayonwabela ngayo ukuphuma komfana. Bathi endleleni egodukayo amakhosikazi ecula ingoma abaye bazithanda ecaweni, kodwa entlokweni kaMafungwashe kwakusazinge ingoma yokuqala ehlatyelwe ngumbhexeshi wekwayala. Wayemane endumzela eyiculela ezantsi. Kwathi kwisidlo sangokuhlwa behleli esithebeni intsapho yakwaNgonyama iphela.
Wagxezula uKumkani uMthobeli exakiwe luthotho lwemibuzo engaka wafika wonke ubani ejonge kuye. Yayingase abaphoxe bohlukane naye wabuya wazithenga, warhabula amanzi eglasini ecinga icebo lokuzikhulula.
"Mthobeli, kodwa nje uya."
"Ingaba sele isithi abayokwendela eYiputa, kaloku kungafuneka umakoti ibenguye owenza wonke lo msebenzi nalo manyala, apitilize ulwimi lwamaYiputa agubungxe ngesigqumathelo azifihle ubuso enze wonke lo masiko aseYiputa, ukuba akabufihli ubuso, kuza kuthiwa uhambela oobawozala ngaze kwaye akahloniphi." Bayihleka ngamandla ke le indawo.
Bangqinelana ke be gwiqi bamshiya uKumkani echophe kweso situlo sakhe sodidi oluphezulu. Endleleni eya eBhotwe bayixukusha into kaFungie banyukela kumagumbi okulala bangqala ngqo kwelikaNobuhle, bavala umnyango bambonga oPhezukonke ngobukhulu benceba zakhe zokuzibonakalisa ebumnyameni. Kaloku olusapho lwalukholelwa gqitha emthandazweni nasekubambisaneni ngentsebenziswano. Bathi bakugqiba uZintle waziphosa phezu kwebhedi lo gama esi sibini sathi cuvava phezu kwesofa."Zinkosi kufuneka sihlengahlengiseni ukuba siza kwenza njani na ngoba umsebenzi esinawo mninzi kwaye asinathuba elaneleyo."
UFungie wema ngenyawo wabibitheka kukukhathazeka.
Mandithi wena Kumkani uMafungwashe le ngxaki imphethe kakubi ngoba ngoku akukho kwasoka elisondela kuye. Uthe ke yena uye wazama kangangoko ukuzisondeza ebantwini abohlukeneyo bona abo bantu bambona nje ngomntwana weKumkani; oneqhayiya kwaye nje ngosomashishinikazi osele ephumelele abafana abafuni ukuzisondeza kuye.
Amakhosikazi athi akubona ukuba uKumkani akathandi atsho agushuza alungisa ukuhlala. UNobuhle waxakwa kukuqhubekeka wakhe wathula okomzuzwana kwathi cwaka bejonge kuKumkani, uKumkani yena ejonge kubo. UNobuhle waqhubeka enoloyiko lokuba mhlawumbi ibali labo alukumameleka.
"Mamela ke kwedini, le nto ndiza kukuxelela yona ndifuna ibeli hlebo lethu sobabini qwaba. Ukuba uyala ndifuna ungaze wayichaphazela nakubani na" Wothuka wampatshampatsha uMthobeli. UKumkani wamqaphela ukuba wothukile?
Watsho ngoncumokazi. "Umkhwenyana womYiputa, kuza kufuneka sifunde intetho yabo isiYiputa, nendlela yokusibhala. Kuza kufuneka sithwale ezazigqumathelo zabo ke ngoku" Bayihleka baqikileka ke leyo?
Wayephephezelisa amaqhina u-Andile. Kaloku ngoku wayengesafuni nokuva ngoMthobeli kwaye engafuni nomntu ogxeka uMthobeli, noMthobeli phofu wayeziva enomalume nomhlobo ku-Andile ngoba wayekhululekile xa ehleli naye.
Baye bangqinelana ukuba uFungie makaye edolophini ayokuvocwa iinwele okomzuzu ilokhwe ingekafumaneki kubekho into eqhubekayo.
Angqinelana amantombi enza amalungiselelo. Baziva bengenayo enye indawo abanokuya kuyo bayokufuna ilokhwe ngaphandle koSunGoddes bangqinelana nalapho. Zaqengqeleka iintsukwana uMafungwashe engaphumi esibhedlela, kodwa babemane besiya kumvelela babenexhala. Xa kucaca ukuba uFungie akaphumi esibhedlela bakugqiba ukwenza amalungiselelo angako, kodwa zange bamtshutshise ugqirha ngoba impilo kaFungie kubo yayibalulekile ukudlula inkosana yakwaZulu kodwa ezintliziyweni zabo babenqwenela ukuba zombini ziphumelele kungabikho esala ngemva. Kwathi ngoLwesithathu uFungie wakhutshwa esibhedlele naye kodwa ezibona ububhetele wazixelela ukuba soze aphinde asebenzise isiqholo nesaluphi na uhlobo. Amakhosikazi weeKumkani athi nje ukuba afike uFungie batsala umnxeba kwacelwa umvoci weenwele azo kuvoca iNkosazana. Ubucwebe kwesi sihlandlo babubeka phantsi zange baye ko Swiss Gard nakuzo zonke iindawo zobucwebe bavele bamthengela eMaBheleni bathenga amasomi, imisesane namaso akwantu.
She's my third wife Zintle.
"Kaloku amaYiputa afanele ukuba nje ngesimilo baphuma kumhlaba ongcwele waseBhayibhileni. Kodwa mna loo mfana womYiputa ndifuna ade aphume into ngomlomo wakhe ayibek'apha singazigqibeli ngokwethu bethuna."
"Mna bendisithi ngekhe simeni noko bethuna ngokumlungisa kakhulu uFungie, simeni ngeziqholo nako konke, qha into emasiyenze kukuba makhe simyekeni akhe abenguye. Kwesi sihlandlo ngoba phofu le nto ndiyitshoyo niyayibona mosi."
"Ndinexhala lokuba ingathi izinto azizu kuhamba kakuhle."
Ugqirha waphendula ehleli esitulweni epholile. "Likhona ivumba elibukhali abalirhogoleyo, lo nto yenza umonakalo kumathatha wabo yatsho yachaphazeka icells eziya engqondweni kodwa ndiyakuthembisa baza kuphila; nje wena ukuba bangasebinzisa amayeza ngendlela abayalelwe ngayo banikwe nethuba lokulala baphumle. Intombi yakho yona siza kuyigcina iintsukwana ngoba yenzakele mpela."
Bathi ukuba beve lo mbuzo bakhwankqiseka bekhinxi akwabikho uphendulayo.
"Ewe Kumkani kwaye uMthobeli uthe ndicele ukuba ngomso omnye nizilungiselele uyeza noonozakuzaku bazokuzakuza."
UGatyeni lo wayeliphakathi elithembekileyo kwaye ewazi umsebenzi wakhe, nowaluphi na uhlobo wayewenza ngocoselelo nangenyameko, futhi kwakungekho mfuneko yokuba uKumkani ade acacise kakhulu ngoba yayingumntu oyazi kakhulu imeko kaKumkani. Ngamanye amaxesha waye yenza into engathunywanga ingakumbi into eyimfuneko azame ukukhusela uKumkani, bambi ekuhlaleni babemazi uGatyeni ukuba wayemthanda kakhulu uKumkani ngohlobo olu lodwa; kwaye engakubulala xa unokuthetha kakubi ngoKumkani mhlawumbi ubenamazwi amphazamisayo wayengakujula ngengqindi ethulwini.
"kaloku kufuneka kucace xa kuphethe thina naxa kuphethe amaxhego."
"Ewe ndiyabazi Kumkani." Ejonge uMthobeli ngoncumokazi, uMthobeli wayencume manyonywana yayingase kuthiwe makahambe naye umtshakazi wakhe ngala mzuzu.
"Ndiphilile, yhe sana awunqabe Thandeka yintoni ukunqaba kangaka?
Ingaba mhlawumbi Kumkani yindlela umtshato wam ofikelela esiphelweni ngayo le. UMthobeli akatyi nditsho ukutya endimphekele kona.' Yaba ngathi ubethiwe uMafungwashe watsho ngemvula yeenyembezi.
"Your father didn't tell me that he has such a pretty girl. Why didn't you say anything about her?
"Ndibuza kuwe Nkosazana, unjani uMthobeli?
"Nanku, khawuleza mfondini. Ungalibali kule vek'izayo."
Embombozela elandula mpela uMthobeli.
Emveni kwesidlo uKumkani waqonda ukuba xa uMafungwashe emthanda umbhexeshi yena enguKumkani uzakuzama icebo abadibanise. Kodwa ukuba uzakubadibanisa kanjani akayazi; ngoba akamazi kwaye futhi ebeqala nokumbona umbhexeshi. Engqondweni uKumkani wazixelela ukuba umbhexeshi angaba ngumkhwenyana wakhe wokwenene; kwaye angakwazi ukungenelela xa eyingxaki ebomini bomntwana wakhe. Wacinga icebo lokuba acele uGatyeni akhangele inkcukacha zombhexeshi indawo ahlala kuyo nako konke okungombhexeshi ukuze bakwazi ukumndwendwela.
Wayebibitheka eqhaqhazela uKumkani batsho barhwaqela abafazi becwaka baphotholoza izandla.
Mafungwashe ndicela unditshate. Watsho emfaka umsesane wegolide. Wangcwengisa uMafungwashe akaziva wamanga wamphuza sele elila iinyembezi.
Wayeligeza uKumkani sesi senzo, wabuyela eBhotwe wafika kukho iloli enkulu yakwamasipala waseBhayi ithutha inkunkuma eyayigcwelise idyaridi ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Kwakuphithizela edyaridini iqoqwa; uMthobeli nomlingane wakhe babengabonakali ndawo. Ukumkani wayo kuphumla iyure ezimbalwana. Uthe xa evuka emva kwemini wabona uMthobeli ejikeleza apho ebhotwe elungisa ejonga nomanakalo okhoyo.
"Ubambiswano kaloku wena Mthobeli, gxebe mtshana lolu lokuba mna nawe sinceda ncedane omnye xa ethenge imoto omnye ambhatalele, omnye xa elila omnye azo kuthuthuzela njalo-njalo." Encumile u-Andile emumathe nentsini.
"Ndiyithatha kuwe noKumkani, uncede ke mfo wam ungandiphoxi okanye uMafungwashe ndiza kumxelela yonke into endiyivileyo izolo."
Batya bagqiba bathoba ngeziselo ezibandayo. Emveni kwalo nto uMafungwashe waqokelela izitya ezisa kwigumbi lokuphekela wamncedisa uMthobeli ngezandla ezingenamkhinkqi. Wathi kulo mthutho wezitya uMthobeli wacela ukuba amkhuphe uFungie kwimpela veki leyo, zange abenangxaki uMafungwashe. Baziqoqa kakuhle izitya kwelo gumbi lokutyela uMafungwashe noMthobeli; besakugqiba uMthobeli wacela indlela, uKumkani wamkhapha.
Wayesitsho eqine nje enyaleni ezenza esosikhulu. UMafungwashe wayiqonda ukuba wendela endodeni esesosikhulu.
"Bendikuthembile Andile ndicinga ukuba ungumhlobo wam."
UNobuhle "Ndingasivuyela isiqhoqhololo seti etshisayo."
Aqabela eqongeni amaqela ekwaito ecula iingoma abadume ngazo. UMthobeli wayezitsale nyani iintambo inguye ngasentla babengajuxuzeli izinto ebezilapho nenkosikazi yakhe ide ababethanda iindaba babesithi esi sibini sinengxaki emtshatweni waso yiyo lo nto bejuxuzela phezulu bazama ukuphungula ezo ngxaki, naleyo yaphuma phambili emaphepheni. UKumkani wothuka waphantse wawa akubona intombi yakhe kumabonakude ijuxuza ngamandla inazo nendawo ezikekelayo ngathi inxilile. Wagqibezela ka xa esiva ezindabeni ukuba yonke le nto iqhubeka eBhotwe ngala mzuzu zabe intatheli ziphithizela. UKumkani wangxama wafuna ukugoduka, kodwa wayengana kukwazi ukugoduka ngoba wayefuneka alinde umcimbi lowo baze ngawo uphele bandulu ukugoduka. Yayi bubusuku bokuqala bomjuxuzo obo. Wathi akufunda emaphepheni uKumkani wafumanisa ukuba ulutsha luyithandile le nkqubo kaMthobeli kwaye banqwenela ukuba imibhiyozo efana nale ihlale ikhona eNgonyama.
Wanqwala uMthobeli, wema kulo ndawo inye ejonge uKumkani enyantsula ebheka phambili emshiya emi nematha emonqelwe mpela.
Womela kweso situlo uMthobeli exakwe nakukushukuma, wabe u-Andile etshambaza. "kule vek'izayo ne." Emphulula entloko wabe uMthobeli esindwa nayi lo ntloko.
UNomapondomise wazixelela ukuba uKumkani mhlawumbi uthi makanxibe abone. Yanxiba intombi enkulu yazijonga esibukweni yaphela yintsini ngoba amabele ayemincekile, isisu sona sipitsekile yayingathi unhyanhyathelwe wanyanzelwa wahlohlwa embombozini, lo mafrili alo lokhwe amtsho wananazela okwepikoko. Waphuma egumbini lakhe ehleka ethetha yedwa kwaye engqondweni yakhe ezixele ukuba noKumkani uzakuyihleka lelokhwe yakhe imfanelayo emtsho wakumila kumbi."UKumkani makakhe abone ngokwakhe ilokhwe yakhe yebhongo." Wothuswa yintshwahla emveni kokuba eve ilizwi. "Yamkelani nantso iNkosazana yakwaXhosa." Wathi esothukile enjalo abantu beqhwaba izandla bambi bekikizela, ihlombe lamenza wabhideka abantu abamqhelileyo nabamaziyo nabahlala naye bamvuyela ngokungathi bayaqala ukumbona. Wathi sele enomsindo ongamandla ingakumbi akuthi ntla ngoSithembiso owayemjonge ngoncumo oluthethayo nolumangeleyo indlela yokuvuyelwa kweNkosazana wabanomsindo akazazi nokuba makathini kodwa wathi koko kuvutha kwakhe wabuya wazipholisa. Wabangase athi vuleka mhlaba nditshone phantsi kwakhe okanye ajike abaleke.
Uthando lwakho olufana namachaphaza emvula ena entlango andinakuze ndilulibale ebomini bam. Ndiye ndakushiya ngenxa yokungaphezu kwamandla am. Ungawalibali amagama wabantwana esithembiso uncede.
UMafungwashe wakhuxuzelisa imifinya kwelo laphu wayeliphethe, waphendula ngelizwi elindongondongo lingcangcazela sisingqala, "Ak ukho nto." Ezosula iinyembezi wakhwina wajonga kude equthe umlomo. "Hayi suka into ikhona, awukwazi ukuthi akukho nto. Awunakulila kangaka kanti akukho nto, kwaye ndinqwenela ukuyazi. Yintoni Fungie, kutheni sisi" Wamanga?
Wakhe wazama ukutshintsha indlela yokuhamba aphathe kulikekelisa igxalaba ahambe ngecala abuye acinge ukuba mhlawumbi iNkosazana izakumbona njengotsotsi; aphinde atshintshe akhukhumale okhe amaxhaga nalapho angalungi ngoba ubhuti lo wayengenamzimba ebhityile noko. "Yhe! Madoda kodwa ngubani onokwala ithuba elinje, imali engaka, intombi entle ngolwahlobo. Khawube nombono wam ndingumkhwenyana waseBukhosini, kodwa ndiyasola ikhona ingxakana kuyo yonke le nto. Hayi suka ndingabhidwa yintoni lo ngxaki ingakumbi ngoku ndinayo nemali. Wathetha eziphendula umfana encume mpela. "Hayi Mthobeli, uyinja mfana waseMathileni uyinja kwedini."
"Hayi bo undixelela ntoni nangoku ubukhe wambuza ukuba ingxaki yakhe yintoni benikhe nathetha phofu ngale nto."
"Mna bethuna bendisithi masi-odoleni macala omabini zesi kwazi ke ngoku ukuthatha eyona lokhwe intle. Masibaphe ithuba kwaRoccobarocco mhlawumbi bangasenzela eseyahlule." Waphakama uNontle wazula endlwini.
"Ndifuna ungaphinde, ungaze wawubeka umcondo wakho apha, yindlu yam le, uyandiva.' "Wabale amazwi wakho ngoba ukubeleka kukamolokazana uzakuthanda into yokuba ndibe yinxenye yabantwana bakhe nanje ngatatazala amthandayo namhloniphileyo ngaphandle kokuba ungamxela imfihlo yakho noKumkani." Wambamba wamxakathisa wamnyusa ngegumbi.
Wathi sele ezihlambile oko kuqala waziqhola njalo wadela wahlamba okwesibini waziqhola kwakho wasifaka ngamamdla kwesi sihlandlo sesibini. Wathi ngexesha wenjenjeya ukuya kwaKumkani eqeshe imotwana eyamsa ngqo (meter taxi). Wafika kwangethuba apho, wafika yonke into sele ilungisiwe kodwa ixesha elo lecala emva kwentsimbi yesixhenxe lingekabethi. Wathi akungena eyaridini yaseBhotwe; wema nematha akayazi nokuba uzakubheka ngakweliphi na icala. Wathi sele ecinga ukubuzisa ngoKumkani wabuya wazinqanda , wacinga ngokungena kumnyango owawukufuphi apho wabuya wazinqanda, waya ngakwichibi elo eliphambi kweBhotwe walibukisisa wabuka noqaqaqa owawujikelezwe ziintyatyambo ezinamabalabala, umxhelo wakhe wathabatheka mpela bubuhle bale ndawo.
Waziphosa esofeni uMthobeli wasitsho esofelweyo, wabhonga kungekho gxeke enexesha elaneleyo kungekho siphazamisi esimthuthuzelayo. Zabetha bathana iingcinga zakhe ecinga ukumxela uMafungwashe abuye abone ukuba ayiyi kunceda koko iyakuse ibeneziphumo ezibi. Wasuke wayibona indlu yakhe inkulu, kwaye nezinto ezilapho ngaphakathi zimphazamisa engqondweni waphumela ngaphandle wayo kuhlala egadini eyayintle ngokwenene inemithana emifutshane nengca emfutshane eluhlaza uqaqaqa neentyatyambo. Wahlala apho phantsi edakumbe ngokwenene engazi ukuba enze ntoni, iinyembezi zisehla ziqukuqela. Lezisa izulu yanetha imvula yaphokoka, wahlala uMthobeli kulo mvula.
Besikhe sathetha ngale nto izolo, ubuye ndimbona ukuba udinwe uyimfe ukhuphe ulwimi ngaphandle; kucaca nje mhlophe ukuba usebenza nzima kwesa sikhululo sakhe. Uthi ulungisa laa nqwelo ntaka yakhe.
Yamhlekisa mpela ke leyo sele ezibona engumqeshi ka- Andile. Wasuka apho uMthobeli wangqala ngqo e-ofisini kamanenjala wafika esaqononozele phantsi ebhala. "Andile bendicela undincede undihlambele inqwelo ntaka yam; kukho indawo endisatsiba kuyo, ndiza kukubona ukuba ndikuthini xa ndibuya edolophini. Mhlawumbi ndakwenzela into ndikuthi jize nangesiselo ndikufumbathise ulutho."
Zange athethe uKumkani wavala ifestile yagrungqa imoto yamshiya uMthobeli eboniswa mpela. "Ngale mali ndingakwazi ukutsho ndikhande le nqwelo ntaka yam indikhathazayo ndithenge zonke iintsimbi ezifunekayo, kodwa mani ziyabiza, ngendikhe ndime ngenqwelo ntaka, hayi andinakukwazi ukuma ngoba umakoti kufuneka sikhe sindize sobabini. Yhe! Madoda andiyikholelwa yonke le nto yenzekayo. Izolo oku bendilihlwempu namhlanje sendisisityebi esodlula nditsho u-Andile lo, ke lo nto kumnandi ukuphumelela phambi kotshaba lusaphila indlela u-Andile ebendijongela phantsi ngayo izakuphela yonke lo nto ngoku, yena u-Andile ndingamthenga nendlu yakhe nentsapho yakhe."
"Kodwa Mthobeli kwenzeka ntoni, yintoni, kutheni ungade undixelele nje ndizakunceda njani xa ungathethi. Ukusukela ngala mini yenqwelo ntaka kunini ndicela uxolo ufuna ukuba ndenze njani"Walila mpela uMthobeli?
"Awudeleli wena, nantsi inyang'ezayo siza kubona."
Bamcela uMthobeli ukuba athandazele eso sidlo. Watsho ngomthandazo ozolileyo engemde engemfuphi uMthobeli. Kwaqalwa kwatyiwa bedluliselana izinongo.
Watsho uNontle ezikhawulezisa ukuzibiza ezi zinto ephethwe nangamabhongo.
Emthandazweni wakhe wayecela kusomBawo ukuba abonakalise iinceba neentsikelelo zakhe ezingunaphakade. Kwenzeka ke ukuba ngenye imini uMafungwashwe ehleli kwigadi engasemva apho eBhotwe. Ilanga lalise liphumile ngoku, lo ntsasa yayimyoli igqamile ingakumbi kule gadi yaseBhotwe ngoba yayinentyatyambo ezazinevumba elimyoli elaliyitsho lontsasa yanika umdla. Kodwa kuMafungwashe kwakungekho nto imnika umdla konke-konke. Wayecinga nzulu ngentlungu yakhe engazazi ukuba noba makenze njani okanye aphalazele bani ingxaki yakhe. Wayechophe kujingi ebambelele kumatyathanga kajingi lowo, ehleli zibilili eqwalasele futhi ezantsi, lo jingi wawuphezu koqaqaqa, qaqaqa lowo owawujikelezwe zintyatyambo ezaziqhakaze yimibala eyahlukeneyo.
"What did you just say."
UFungie wayengazikholelwa iindlebe zakhe ngoba uMthobeli wayebonakala nje ngomntu ongenamali.
UNobuhle wayehlupheke ngaphakathi emphefumlweni.
"Mna sisi ndisebenza phaya esikhululweni seenqwelo ntaka nje ngenjineli, kodwa ke ndikwanguye nosomashishini."
Wamosula iinyembezi wamika itshefu yakhe. UMaFungwashe wayephoxeke ngokungazenzisiyo, kaloku intombi le yayinentliziyo encinci koko yayithi ukuba iphoxekile phambi kwakho wena iyakukwenza utshaba lwayo. UMafungwashe wayengakuthandi ukuphoxwa nokuba aphoxeke futhi. Wathi emva kwalo mpoxeko akafuna nokuyibona into edibanisela nakwaZulu, ukusuka apho wacaphukela kwaloNkosana inguSithembiso akamfuna nalapho ebenyathele khona.
"Mamela Mafungwashe, mamela ntomb'entle, kaloku wena ungumntwan'am; umntwan'eKumkani kwaye ke unguMafungwashe lo nto itheth'ukuba nawe ntomb'am kufuneka wendele eBukhosini; ndincede sisi yonke lento izakuba yimfihlo yethu."
"Yintoni ngoku Mthobeli bendingakuxelelanga ukuba uzutshintshe unxibe ngokusesidimeni; ngoba le ndibano ibalulekile, ngowunxibe nokuba yisuti, ucinga ukuba iintombi yam izakubona isoka xa ibona wena?
"Hayi ungasoli mna, ngunkosikazi wakho, enye into kuye kuthi ngamaxesha anzima eenyembezi intsapho idingeke izokuthuthuzela, nanje ngasihlobo ndilapha ndizokuthuthuzela umtshana wam webhongo."
Njengoko abantu babehleli kwezi zitulo ziphezulu kwebala bebukele umtshato uqhubeka. Wangena umama kamakoti ekhatshwa ngomamomncinci kunye neentombi zabo , babehamba ngomrhubhe wemoto ogama liyi limosin. Behla emotweni bayo kuhlala kwizitulo zezitatanyiswa. Wangena omnye umgrugra owawumhlophe ukhwele umakoti noyise. Imoto yema kude kufuphi neqonga elo lika mfundisi wayemi kulo, bathi abantu besothuke bejonge leyo, kwe gqi iibhaloni ezintathu zilandelelana zibhalwe ngamagama amakhulu. IQHINA LOKWENENE ALIQHAWUKI.
"It was nice meeting you too." Batsho bonke.
Wothuka akubona uKumkani emi kwelinye icala le chibi.
Mh-m, nantso ke into eniyaziyo kula malungelo senindibiza ngegama, intlonipho dwe ayikho. Mboneni , phofu kamnandi nikho nonke, Nobuhle wahlulekile ngumendo Wayeseziqinise nje ebhoke enyaleni uKumkani ngoba wayengenasizathu sokubhoka phofu?
Ukusukela ngentseni uhleli apha! Bekunini ngoko Bekusekho ums' obomvu nje, kanti uxakaniseke kangaka. Yintoni Fungie le ingaka Ndikhe ndive xa ulila phaya kwela gumbi lakho lokulala Ikhona into mhlawumbi ongathanda sikuncede ngayo sisi Ndiyakucebisa mna ukuba ungayivumeli ukuba ikugqibe sikhona sisi ecaleni kwakho. Ndiyabona ukuba awuzimiselanga ukuyithetha le nto ikutyayo ngoba lide eli xesha nto nje mna bendikade ndingaqinisekanga?
Wathi engekagqibi ukuthetha enjalo walandula uNontle ezithe vandla ngokwenene kanobomi. "Khaniyek'umntana, niza kumphazamisa, ulele ndiqinisekile, eny'into ebenethile kaloku."
Bagagatheka yintsini. UNobuhle walungiselela ukungqengqa ecaleni kukaZintle.
Ngosuku olulandelayo uMaison Blanche wacela indlela, kwacaca nje mhlophe ukuba akanamdla wokuvalelisa kwintsapho kaKumkani ephantse yamenzakalisa ngoba bambonise amaqhekeza engqele izol'oku, kodwa wazincama wavalelisa kuba engafuni kubonakalisa buso bubi. UKumkani waba buhlngu ziziphumo zotyelelo lukaMaison eziqale myoli zaphela sele kukho abalele ngandletyana nye esibhedlele. Wamphelezela uMaison engabonakalisi nto phofu, kodwa engxengxeza ngendlela izinto ezijike zaba yiyo. UMaison wamthoba amaxhala umhlobo wakhe ngokumxelela ukuba uyaziqonda indlela zabantu abangomama. Kwaye uyayiqonda futhi ukuba abenzanga ngamabom, kodwa wayeyigxininisa into yokubaxwa kwesiqholo yintombi yeKumkani kucaca nje mhlophe ukuba yena enguMaison umfana wakwaBlanche asoze asondele kwiNkosazana.
Asisesihle, ndiyasithanda khawundiqhoboshe esi sesibini, ndiza kuzinxiba kwangoku. Ndicel'usowuthatha ezo bendizinxibile uzifake kwesinye sezo zingxobo?
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Sibu: Yha! Ukulo mfazi Ndikhumbula umama esithi"remember to choose the right friends, "' kuba zinenxaxheba enkulu eziyidlalayo ebomini bakho'.
Tata kaBhiza: Unyanisile nkosikazi, phi ke , kungehli nobo buthongo nje kum.
Kholi: Mh "What a bad choice" phofu iyafana nale ye AIDS kuba ndibabuhlungu kakhulu xa umntu eyifumene ngokonzakala kuba kukho aba bathi abanakutya ilekese enephepha abo bona nangona kubalusizi kodwa sube bezikhethele ukufa bexelelwe. Ikhona i-choice yokuba baphile kodwa bona bakhethe ukufa.
Mhinki: Ke akukagqibi nje esikolweni usafunda.
Siya: Enkosi man tshomza ngokufowuna 'bye'.
Mama kaBhiza: Zicenge tata umonakalo wona sewenzekile, ngoku kufuneka libelinye, mawungaphindi wenzeke ngenxa yethu.
Titshala: Kwedini inkqayi ingena ngentlontlo, njengokuba nifunda ukutshaya nje nizakukuqhela nizibone seningakwazi ukuzeyisa.
Kholi: Wawu Seyingu Mhinki , azi yena ukhula nini njengokuba ephakuphaku kangaka nje Uvele ayoyike le AIDS ngathi kuphela kwesifo esibulalayo?
Keli: (engenelela) Sekunjenje nini mama notata. Ndibone apha kuni ukuba ukutshaya nokusela kulungile kuba qho ndibuya esikolweni ndibuya ninxilile.
UM akhulu: Kunjalo Sibu mzukulwana , ubona ndiphumelele nje ndinalomzi mhle kangaka nje, ndalinda mntanam. Ndikhumbula ukuba ndihlangene noyihlomkhulu ndingumongikazi ogqibeleleyo ndingazanga ndancuma namfana ngaphambili. Ngexesha lethu ke mntanam zazingekabikho nezi zifo zingaka. Kodwa ukuzigcina kwandinceda ekubeni ndingalibaziseki kwizifundo zam. Ndalipasa emagqabini ibanga lam leshumi, kanti nezifundo ezo zobongikazi nakuzo ndaphuma phambili.
Tatomkhulu: Futhi nithi phiti zizinto ezizakunigcina nixakekile ningabi nalo ithuba lokucinga izinto ezingakhiyo nezinganifaka engozini.
Sibu: Heyi nam ndiyayibulela iNkosi kuba nangona bendizikhethele i-sport nje kodwa indigcine ndada nam ndaba nokuziqonda indlela zayo, ndayikhonza.
Bhiza: Lo nto indlela esincokola ngayo kula malanga sisoloko sibona sesifikile emakhaya. Hayi ke majita kuhle sendifikile ekhaya sakubonana kusasa.
Kholi: Heyi ndiqinisekile ukuba xa kungoku uyazisola uKeli kuba nalomqhele wayekuwo kwathi kwakutsho imbumbulu waphela kwangoko.
Bhiza: Heyi 'K' mfondini uS'bu uphezu kokuncedana nathi, xa ukhula akufuneki uzingxamele izinto zobomi kuba uyakubhatyaza ukuba uyangxama.
Siya: Yena uyathembisa torho ukhangeleka enesimilo, wonwabe ke nawe tshomi ndakubuye ndikufowunele.
Keli: Heyi Sibu ntanga nanga lamajita ebendifundisa ukutshaya phezolo.
Mama kaBhiza: (Ebuthula) Ewe , kunjalo ntonje ndenziwa bubuhlungu bentliziyo.
Mhinki: Kulungile ke sendiphuma endlini. (Bayafika esibhedlele bafika uSibu noBhiza sebengaphakathi kwigumbi elinoKeli).
Bhiza: Ewe ndibuza nhyani nhyani, lo mba bafondini uyoyikisa.
Mhinki: Kwazi bani kaloku abantu bayatshintsha, ndikhe ndive kusithiwa abanye abayifuni.
Simbele: Yhini na le, indenzani lenkwenkwe ndinqanqatheke kangaka.
Keli: Ngena xam amanz' uwaqhelile. Ntang'am khuph'intsindiso ipoqe ngapha ibenguwe endaweni yayo.
Simbele: He Novoti, kanti ide ibephi lentwana uKeli ndifuna ukuyithuma nje?
Fundi: Hayi akukho apho ndileqa khona.
Kholi: Yha tshomi khon'ukuze sithi itikiti lika ewe ndiyakuthanda yicondom. Xa esithi phantsi nge condom mna ndithi phantsi ngothando.
Bhiza: Ndiyaphila maan qha ndivuye ndakukubona kuba bendingayazi ukuba nawe uthathwe apha.
Kholi: Ndiphilile tshomza ndiyakukhumbula qha.
Sibu: Ndikuvile ke tamkhulu, icebo kukuthi phithi zizinto ezingenabungozi ebomini bakho.
Sibu: Heyi ntanga masithandazeleni ukuba esi isizukulwana sikhethe indlela eya ebomini.
Tata kaBhiza: Uyabona ke mfazi sebejamelene nezo zinto bajamelene nazo nje kuqale kwamosha kwanina aba , abantu ekucace ukuba baqonda gqitha athi umntana akuthi kuthe ube sowutaka. Mna ke asokuze ndingene kweso sikolo senu hlala nabo ke ubabonise ndiyokulala mna. utsho ephakama esiya kwigumbi lakhe lokulala.
Mhinki: Kaloku Fundi khumbula ukuba nangona ndikholelwa kwi-condom, kodwa bendizixelele ukuba ndifuna ukufunda ndigqibe.
Mfundisi: Tyhini molo ntomb'am. Sowufikile?
Tata kaBhiza: (Naye efixiza) Mfazi ndincede sukuba sasithunuka esi silonda kuba ndim kanye mfazi undixelelela koko mna suke ndazenza isithulu nemfama. Namhlanje ndiyafana nothathe intsimbi eshushu ndamane ndiyifaka kuye ukuba imtshise. Ukuba ndandiphulaphule ngelesindile umntwana wethu.
Mhinki: Sana Fundi ubonisiwe uKeli zitshomi zakhe ooS'bu kodwa yena wazikhethela indlela eya kwantshabalalo. Iidrugs kaloku Fundi azihleki nawe zikufaka apho ungaziyo kwaye waziqala nje lithamsanqa lakho ukuphuma kuzo.
Keli: He topi ndini ungakhe undenzele inceba wahlukane nam ngoba akhange ndikuhluphe nganicks. Andikwazi ke ngoku oyifuna emva kwam.
Kholi: Kodwa ke unyanisile, abazali nabo banetyala elikhulu ngokungambonisi umntwana eyona ndlela ilungileyo amakahambe ngayo ebomini.
Keli: Bafondini into isemntwini, kuxhomekeke ukuba ndifuna ntoni, hambani ngeniyibonayo nam ndizakuhamba ngendiyibonayo.
Mfundisi: Hayi mntan'am maluhle uvalo awenzanga ntw'imbi, ntonje kukho umcimbi ekufuneka sibonisene ngawo. Phofu injani imvuko mntanam?
Bhiza: Akwaba nam ndandibe nabazali abafana nabenu, abakwaziyo ukuhlala etafileni babonisane nabantwana babo, ingathi ngendandimamele ndaba namhlanje ndisindile. Akwaba abantwana abanjengani bangamanyelwa zitshomi zabo.
Mhinki: Hay'bo Siya tshomi, ithi uyaphosisa !
Keli: (Edubula ipolisa) Uphazamisa bani?
Bhiza: Hayi undoyisile sisi kwaye ke kwasesikolweni wawuthetha ngoluhlobo singakukholelwa sisithi uzakube ujike akwajika nanamhlanje usamile. Ndiyabulela ke sisi ngembeko yakho nexesha ondiphe lona.
Sibu: Ewe makhulu andicingi ndivume kuba nasesikolweni siyafundiswa ngotishala ukuba xa sibona ukuba into ayilunganga sinegunya lokuthi hayi. Qha makhulu ndihlutshwa yenye itshomi yam yona ivumile ukuba bayifundise.
Amapolisa: Police! Izandla phezulu !
Bhiza: Wazi njani ke ngoku ukuba andikucelanga kuba kwa ukuba ndithi kudala ndakuthanda ixela ukuba kudala ndithandaza ndikucela.
Mama kaBhiza: (Ekhala) Yhu! Yhini umntwanam.
Keli: Ke Siya bendicela nje undiboleke uKoli umzuzwana.
Khushi: Nyhani ntombi Kodwa unezinto sana ngamangomso owasaphi lawo umntu umthanda. 'What if' lomfana akanakufowuna?
Keli: Hay'suka ndakuyibona ngoko mna leyo.
Makhulu: Imfihlelo yam mzukulwana yayikukuba yitshomi nencwadi zam.
Sibu: Loo nto ithethe ukuba kufanele ukhethe itshomi ezifana nawe ezenza izinto nawe ozenzayo.
Fundi: Kanti ke myeni wam zizame, uyikhuphe engqondweni yakho, mcele uBawo ayikhuphe engqondweni yakho, kuba enyanisweni eyethu indima siyidlalile. Sazama ukubabonisa koko basuka bona bazikhethela ilishwa lokukhawuleza, suke bagqitha nobom ngokukhawuleza.
Sibu: Ndinethemba nkosikazi inkosi iyakusipha abantwana abayakukhetha ngobulumko.
Bhiza: Ndicel'uxolo tata asobe ndiphinde.
Sibu: Awunakuzilinganisa nabo wena kuba ndiyaqiniseka abaxubi yonke into le, kwaye ke bona badala kuxhomekeke kubo ukuba bazikhethele ukufa. Thina ke sithi sakutya eziziyobisi sihambe sisiba izinto zabantu kuba asikaphangeli asinayo imali yokuthenga eziziyobisi, kwaye uthi wakuziqhela ungafuni kuphinda wahlukane nazo. Uphele sele uhamba uqhekeza neemoto zabantu ukhupha iradio kuba kaloku ufuna ezidrugs ziyingozi. Ukanti ke akubulaleki kukugcina ingqondo yakho ixakekile ngezinto ezakhayo.
Mhinki: Ke sana"you know what I'm trying to say."
Fundi: Ndiphilile Mhinki inkosi indigcinile, unjani wena?
Bhiza: (engenelela) Nasekhaya S'bu ntanga ubekiwe lo mthetho kodwa mna ntanga ndithubeleza phantsi kwawo.
Keli: Jong'apha mntanandini sukundiqhoshela ndifuna ukuthetha nawe qha.
Tata kaBhiza: Mntwanam andonanga ngokuhlala nditye nani etafileni., kwaye ke kufanele wazi ukuba akukho kulo Sibu apha kukokwenu akuzokwenziwa njenga kulo Sibu apha.
Fundi: Hayi sana zabambi ezondaba, eyi kodwa Mhinki, ziyingozi ii -choices zabanye abantwana, kubuhlungu njani ukutshabalala komntu omaziyo umjongile nokuba ke sana uzikhethele kodwa okusalayo akumnandanga.
Mhinki: Fundi nangaphandle kokuba ngangathi, thina kaloku sana esethu isithethe asiyivumeli lonto, thina asazani nezonto zamaboyfriend de ube ufikelele kwixabiso lokuba ube yintombi endala nekwaziyo ukuthatha isigqibo esisiso sokuthandana usezingqondweni uyazi into oyenzayo.
Kholi: Heehayi unezinto ke noko ungumntu onjani na wena?
Sibu: Heyi Fundi kuzakuba sathiwani zii 'choices' ezenziwa ngabantu kuba enyanisweni emsulwa akhonto ifihlakeleyo nto nje kuyana nokuba wena uzikhethela ntoni?
Novoti: Nguyihlo lo mntanam, nam ndafundiswa nguye lo ukusel'utywala.
Sibu: Mfondini phendula utitshala.
Mhinki: Kwakude kube nini?
Novoti: Kanti ngubani lo uthetha naye ngolu hlobo?
Nomzi: Mamela ke bhuti. Indawo yokuqala njengokuba ubus'owuvile ebomini xa usenza into zifundise ukuyenzisisisa ngokukodwa xa ikusa empumelelweni. Yiba nevudu engqondweni yokuphumelela, bethelela ekwenzeni ezokuqala phambili ezokugqibela emva, nditsho ndisithi ke sana lwam 'education comes first ' ezothandano nokwabelana ngesondo ziza mva kuba kuxa sowuyindoda okanye intombi ekwixabiso lokwenda xa ucinga ngokwabelana ngesondo.
Bhiza: Fundi enyanisweni kudala ndifuna khe sibe nethuba sincokole ngaba kukho indawo oleqa kuyo kuba bendizakucela khe sithi vu phaya kwezazitulo ziphantsi kwalamithi.
Mhinki: Fundi ndisendleleni eya kubona uKeli ndicela undikhaphe sidibane phambi kwesibhedlele.
Amakhwenkwe: Heyi jongapha wena bharu ndini ungazokuzenza onengqondo apha.
Titshala: Kulungile ke ndinixolele, kodwa ukuba nje nikhe naphinda, ndakunigxotha nize nabazali benu..
Sibu: Heyi madoda intangam ndiyixelela ndisithi mayizigcine ixakekile ngesport ukuze ilibale ngeengxaki kuba izakubuya idiniwe ilale ukanti ii -drugs zona zimsa kwezingaphezulu ii ngxaki.
Novoti: Sapha ndikuyele ngokwam sekaKeli ndifuna nokuqabula mna umzimba uyazixela ukuba andikaseli oko kusile. (utsho ethatha imali ehamba, endleleni udibana nonyana wakhe ehamba negquba la makhwenkwe angafundiyo) Heyi Keli kunini isikolo siphumile noyihlo kudala ekufuna ezakuthuma. Uhleliphi?
Sibu: Hayi mama notata ndiyanithembisa angekhe ndiniphoxe, khumbulani kaloku nandixelela kwandisemncinci ukuba into isekubeni ndikhetha ntoni na. Ndanixelela ukuba ndikhetha ubomi obunekamva eliqaqambileyo. Bomi obo ke bufuna ukwazi ukuzeyisa kwizinto zamva, zihlale uzibekele emva uqale ngezokuqala. Ndisemi ke bazali bam kwelo, Ezokuqala zohlala ziqala kum, ezokugqibela zohlala zigqibela.
Mhinki, Siya noFundi: (Ngaxeshanye) Yha ukulo Kholi lelethu.
Mpintshi: Kulungile 'K' mfethu masigqagqanise le ndawo iyathandwa ngamarati.
Fundi: Intoni Ufuna ukuba ube yitshomi yakhe?
Umfundi wokuqala: Kanti ngugawulayo owawutheni lo?
(UFundi noBhiza badibana eYunivesiti, uBhiza ucela uthando kuFundi).
Makhulu: Sibu mzukulu nifunde njani namhlanje?
Bhiza: Eyntanga 'its too late now, there is nothing that anyone can do'.
Sibu: Ayilulanga ke leyo ukuba la mntana uzinikele ngokupheleleyo.
Sibu: Isishiyile intangam.
Sibu: Yiphi ke mama?
Sibu: Unyanisile ntanga, masihambe.
Sibu: Hay'bo Keli mfondini ubufuna ntoni emakhwenkweni angafundiyo ebusuku kuthiwani kokwenu xa uhamba ngobusuku?
Fundi: Kulungile nanku noKholi apha sakusele sihamba kunye, lonto ufowuna kanye sisancokola ngoKeli.
Mama kaBhiza: (Ethe phatsha) Yintoni tata ingaba Umntwanam us......?
Bhiza: He Sibu ntanga uvile ukuba uKeli usesibhedlele udutyulwe ngamapolisa?
Mama kaBhiza: Kunjalo tata kwaye ndakuxelela nabanye abazali ukuba masingonqeni singabazali ukuhlala nabantwana bethu phantsi sincokole nabo sibaxhobisa ngezinto zobom.
Sibu: Bekumnandi kakhulu, sakubonana ngomso.
Bhiza: Ndikule meko Fundi ngenxa yokuzikhethela kwam, ndoyiswa kukulinda nokwenza into eyiyo suke ndangxamela ukwenza izinto zabantu abadala andasebenzisa nezozikhuseli. Namhlanje ndijongene nengcwaba.
Mhinki: Yilento indehleleyo ke leyo. Khawutsho ke, uzixakekise ngantoni wena Kuba mna kwase- high school ndazikhethela ukuzixakekisa nge- sport no-music xa ndiziphumza ezincwadini de ndibe ndikulungele ukwenza okunye?
Tata kaBhiza: Awu madoda! Enkosi ntomb'am ngokundazisa.
Sibu: Yha ntanga kona ukhukhetha akunzimanga kuba zininzi kakhulu izinto ezingamgcina umntu exakekile abe kude le kwizinto ezinokumhenda.
Fundi: 'Say it again ' kuba nathi ubom busemnandi nje zii - choices zethu.
Fundi: (Ehleka) " No sex before marriage" sana kwaye andivi buhlungu tu ke sisi ndineqhayiya ngaso.
Novoti: Ngoku sonke apha ekhaya nabantwana kufuneka sibengamanxila?
Sibu: Nam tata nomama ndibulela kakhulu ngabazali abafana nani ukusoloko nindibonisa nindikhuthaza kananjalo nindixhobisa, ndisemi kwelithi angekhe ndiniphoxe.
Keli: Ewe titshala kunjalo.
Bhiza: Yha itsho yona intetho kodwa ibhekisa kubantu abasenalo ithuba, mfethu iyahamba leya indoda nokuba sesingasathandi xa ndijongile ithuba lokukhetha ngoku kuye selifinciwe.
Fundi: "Say it again" elilizwe lifuna ii nkokheli zangomso. Iyakuba ngobani ke xa sizakukhetha ukufa (Kusenjalo bafumana ifowuni evela ku-Mhinki)?
Mpintshi: Eyi kodwa le into sazikhethela yona ngumngciphekiso wobomi bethu, ibe ingekho nale mali siyibhatalwa ngalamajita siwasebenzelayo.
Bhiza: Ingxaki mfondini kukusuke wonqene ukuzenza ezi zinto, ngoku zona zikhona zininzi.
Kholi: Hee nank'umntu ephazama, uvelaphi ndiye " this is the new South Africa mfana incase ulibele, I have a right to say no." Ladlula eloxesha le abuse apho ubani wayesenza nantoni na ayithandayo emntwini.
Amakhwenkwe: Ke bharu ungenaphi wena Angavumi ntoni?
Keli: (Encama uya kuKholi) " Well" sikhona thina Fundi sijongile sizakubona ukuba uzakuphelelaphina.
Nomzi: Yabona ke tata yilonto ndiyithetha kusekusasa kangaka, uyabona qho xa ndivela edolophini ndizakuqokelela yonke imali le izinkozo ze ndiyifake kulatoti yokugcina imali ze qho yakuzala ndiyise ebhankini.
Fundi: Ukwaleka apho Mhinki, engatshixanga nje nawe ungumntu xa esithi akafuni condom ube ubusele ulungile ungazibona sele ugaxeleke kwenkulu ingozi.
Fundi: Masambe myen'am, ukukhala apha akuzukunceda sekwenzekile kufanele sibone okulandelayo (ebulela inesi) siyabulela nesi. (Befika endlwini yabo uSibu unesingqala kukusweleka kabuhlungu kwetshomi zakhe.
Sibu: (Ehleka) Njani ke mama?
Fundi: Kunjalo Kholi kodwa nabantwana nabo bayakwazi ukuthi beboniswa ngabazali bangafuni kuphulaphula bahambe befunda imikhwa emibi ezitshomini beboniswa kwamawabo.
Mhinki: Ke ngoku ngubani ozakuyakuxela kuloKeli?
Kusesikolweni yibreak uKeli ufundisa abanye abantwana ukutshaya. UBhiza umbuza ngokuba uphelelephi ngezolo.
Bhiza: Kulungile ke Fundi xa ndingathi masitshate, andithi uzakuthi usafunda.
Mhinki: Mna ndithi malibe linye maqela phantsi nge-boyfriend ungekatshati qha ke.
Tata kaBhiza: Masilale mfazi khon'ukuze ingqondo izokudlamka ikwazi ukufunqula umsebenzi ngendlela eyiyo.
Fundi: Undoyika ntoni ntombi, khona uqale nini ukundoyika ngoku?
Siya: Haai khawuqashise sana ukuba uthetha nabani.
Fundi: Awuyazi Kholi ukuba umnqweno wam ngowokuba kwesisizukulwana sethu sibe ngabahlakaniphileyo ngokwenza ii -choices ezi-right zokukhetha ubomi kunokufa. Anditsho ukuba bakhethe le yam xa bengakholwa kodwa bakhethe nakwezinye ezi ziphilisayo, umntu asebenzise i-condom kwaye bathi phantsi ngee-drugs.
Sibu: Ndikuyekile ntanga kodwa ukhumbule ukuba ubugwala abakhi buyabulala.
Simbele: Yha! Uyindoda ke ngoku Uyangena ebudodeni.
Sibu: (Ebhekisa kuKeli) 'K' Mfondini uzakwenzakala.
Keli: Ha..suka niyandishwabulela ke ngoku?
ndithi ukufaka isandla.
Fundi: Ukulo Mhinki.
Kholi: Unyanisile Fundi phofu ke isaya kwichoice yomntu kuba mntu ngamnye uyinikiwe ingqondo yokwahlula akhethe lonto ayifunayo ngobomi bakhe.
Fundi: Okey ke bhuti ndingakuqakathisi kakhulu ndikuchithele ixesha lakho ubenethemba. Mna kaloku Bhiza uyayazi nje kwaseHigh School ndandisindisiwe, ngoko ke akukabikho nto itshintshileyo ndisasindisiwe. Bubomi endazikhethela bona obo, "I mean xa ndisithi ubom" ndixela ubomi bam bonke ndakuhlala ndisindisiwe de ndife.
Keli: (Efika kuKholi) Haai mntwana.
Umfundi wesibini: Kwelo ke ntanga kuxhomekeke ukuba ukhetha ntoni ukuba ube uphila okanye ufe.
Siya: Hay'bo tshomza uyandazi mosi ngesenditshilo ndathi ndiyadlala xa bendiphosisa.
Sibu: Bhiza mfondini ngowakho ke lowo umcimbi asingeni ndawo thina kuwo.
Tata kaBhiza: Nants'ifowuni ikhala nkosikazi. Azi yintoni ngelixesha Masendiyibamba. Hallow ndingakunceda?
Fundi: (Esabela icellphone) Hallow.
Thozi: Buyela embuzweni wam ke, kwenzeke ukuba ndinayo uzakuthini.
Mamfundisi: Kunjalo tata nam seyikukuthetha nje yimincili yokuvuyela into entle kuba kuhle ukubukela abantwana behamba kakuhle endleleni. Ndiyaqiniseka ukuba nabazali babo bazakuchwayita xa ubaxelela ngezindaba.
Bhiza: Ah Sibu mfondini kanti nawe usindisiwe ungatsho nje?
Siya: Uyazi kakuhle tshomi ukuba ladlula eloxesha ngoku kubhalwe ngamagama amhlophe namnyana ukuba unelungelo lokuthi hayi entweni xa ungayifuni.
Thozi: Hallow sana.
Mhinki: Heyi ! Ezam zininzi i- role models, abazali bam netshomi zam kangangokuba sade saba neqhina esilenzayo netshomi zam ezine, elokuba asoze sithandane de sipase imatric yethu nangona nje sasisazi ukuba ukupasa imatric asilotikiti lokuthandana, usenokuthandana sele uphangela okanye utshate ungazange uthandane. Okwesibini ke sathi kulo gawulayo mninzi kangaka asikafuni kufa xa sithabathe isigqibo sokuthandana ngelo xesha sakusebenzisa i-condom.
Nesi: Ndicela ukunibona ecaleni nobabini.
Keli: Ku-late ntanga ngoku andinakuba sa.....phila ngoku.
Fundi: Unyanisile uS'bu, uThixo uhleli ekho njalo ukumamela izicelo zethu.
(Umama kaBhiza kunye noyise abuhli ubuthongo baxhalabile yimeko yonyana wabo kwaye bayazisola).
Keli: Eyiphi na ntanga Oh! Lebathi ngugawulayo, sakuyibona ngoko kakade sihleli sizakufa nje nokuba asibulawanga yiyo?
(UMfundisi uncokola nenkosikazi yakhe emva kokuhamba kukaFundi).
Mfundisi: Unyanisile ntomb'am, ndiye ndemka nencoko ndangakwazisi ngamagama akhe, umfana lo nguSibu unyana kaHeadman.
Nomzi: Ewe yabanayo.
Fundi: Siphilile tata ndibulela ukugcinwa yiNkosi. Uphila njani utata?
Bhiza: Kwaye ke mfondini uyazi nawe ndiba ukhe ulifunde elaqokobhe lecuba lithi "smoke at your own risk".
Fundi: Ngumthandazo wam Kholi lowo, utsho nje wena awumbonanga indlela alusizi ngayo uphatha kusola nabazali bakhe ngokuba abazange bamkhathalele.
Makhulu: Uyabona ke mzukulu umntwana ohlakaniphileyo unjalo wenza izinto ezilungileyo khona ukuze angangeni kwimigibe engendawo.
Mhinki: Ndiphilile nam tshomi, ngaphandle nje kokuba ndikoyika.
Bhiza: Kunjalo mfundisi asokube siliphathe icuba.
Titshala: Licuba! "licuba kwedini " icuba lifuna ntoni apha lize nabani elithatha phi?
Fundi: Ewe tata ndothukile ukubizwa emishini.
Mhinki: Andinakulahla kaloku kuba ndisithi u-HIV Positive . Qha ndizakusebenzisa i-condom nokuba sesitshatile.
Sibu: Siphilile tata iNkosi isasiphethe kakuhle kakhulu. Ngaba uphila njani utata?
Siya: Uyabona ke Fundi uqal'uchuku ke ngoku.
Mama kaBhiza: Kodwa tata amaxesha ngamanye, kubalulekile ukuba xa benezinto abafuna ukuziqonda kumele sibancede sibaxhase kuba lo nto nalapha konomathotholo ithethwa rhoqo. Kaloku bona baphila kwixesha elixinene kakhulu nelinengxaki ezininzi abajamelene nazo nesithe thina sabanethamsanqa elikhulu lokusinda kulo miceli mngeni bona bayifumeneyo.
Mhinki: Ndicela uzundifowunele ngomso kwangelixesha ndakuqiniseka ngoko ngexesha lokuhlangana.
Mhinki: Ndiphilile akho nto, unjani wena.
Mfundisi: Oh! Utsho le imhlotshazana, nantsi icula kakhulu?
Titshala: Kunjalo kwedini?
(Lusuku lokungcwatywa kukaBhiza , uyafika umzimba kwiholo yecawa enkulu kuzele nabantwana be High School ebefunda kuyo phambi kokuba aye eYunivesiti bakho. Nolutsha luphume ngobuninzi balo).
Lo mdlalo ungabahlobo abathathu (u Keli, uBhiza noSbu) ukusukela ethubeni bese ngamakhwenkwe esikolweni de baya kuba ngamadoda aziphangelelayo. Umbhali uye asithathe ahambe nathi kubomi lwalwentsha xa ludibana neenzima zokukhula ezijongene nolutsha lwase Mzantsi Afrika ezinje ngeziyobisi noGawulayo.
Bhiza: Uyayazi ntanga ndazenza onengqondo kunawe undixelela, nasi ke isiphumo sokuzikhethela kwam ubudenge nendandicinga ukuba bubulumko.
Sibu: Kunjalo tata ndithandazile ndamcela kwiNkosi yam yandibonisa.
Fundi: (Ephuma kule incoko) Unjani kakade uBhiza Ugqibele nini ukuya kumbona esibhedlele?
Kwelinye icala uKholi, Fundi, Siya kunye noMhinki bayancokola.
Mfundisi: Uqiniseskile nyana ingaba kodwa usithi ubonisiwe nje akungebi ubone intombi nje waza ngokuyithanda wacinga ukuba uboniswa yona?
Nomzi: Tyhini tata! Ungawubuza njani lombuzo. Kaloku tata lo mntwana uwenze lula kakhulu umsebenzi wethu wokumqeqesha akakhange asifake zingxakini kungoko ke ndicinga ngento yebhongo naye azibulele ngesimilo sakhe esihle nokukwazi ukumamela abazali.
Tata kaBhiza: Kwedini andincokoli nabantwana mna into zabantu abakhulu. Mna mntanam andikhuliswanga ngolo hlobo ndikhula ndisazi ukuba indaba zabantu abadala zezabo, abantwana ebantwaneni.
Sibu: Nilale kakuhle nani mama notata.
Sibu: Eyi !
Sibu: Hay'bo Keli mfondini njani kungathethwa Ufuna ukundixelela mfondini ukuba wena uhamba apho uthanda khona Akho bani ukubuza nto?
Thozi: Ndiyayazi lo nto kaloku nam ndakhetha ukuzixakekisa ngesport kuba ndandingafuni kuzifaka koziyobisi nakwinto zothando, de ndibe kwixabiso elililo. Ndazixelela ukuba ndifuna ikamva eliqaqambileyo nobomi obububo, bendiziqhayisa ngokuba mandiqale ngezokuqala ndigqibele ngezokugqibela.
Bhiza: Hayi ke xa utshoyo ntanga kodwa ngenye imini uyakuze usikhumbule.
Mhinki: Ndixelele ke tshomi, uyisebenzisile kodwa icondom?
Fundi: Ixhomekeke kuKholi ke leyo, qha kuyo yonke into oyenzayo sana ulumkele I AIDS kuba yona ayihleki tu sana iyagqugqisa phandl'apha.
Lo mdlalo uthi uqwalasele iindlela ezahlukileyo abazikhethayo ukujongana nezinzima zabo. UKeli yena simbona ezidibanisa nabahlobo abangalunganga abathi bamfake endleleni eya kwantshabalalo. Ufundiswa ukutshaya aze ethubeni athathe neziyobisi. UBhiza yena uqhubekeka nobomi bakhe kodwa endleleni uthi adibane nesifo uGawulayo. USibu yena uzikhethela ubomi bokuziphatha kakuhle ekuthandeni iincwadi zesikolo nokuzigcina exakekile ngezemidlalo.
Novoti: Yhu! YisekaKeli uzakumbulala umntwana akumboni ukuba unxilile?
Umfundi wokuqala: Heyi kodwa ixesha lethu lizele zii nkathazo.
Nomzi: Ndiyicingiswa kukuba ndicinga ngebhaso endicinga ukuba singamthengela lona , tata ixesha liyakhawuleza kangangokuba ndicinga ngokumthengela into eyakuba liqhayiya nebhongo.
Mhinki: Heyi kumnandi sana nangona nje ke kungekabikho nto itshintshileyo ebomini bam. Wena tshomi uphetheke njani kwelocala?
Fundi: "Bye" Mhinki enkosi ngokufowuna.
Kholi: Khona tshomi sekwatshiwo, ndingathandana nooKeli abathi behleli nje bayotyiwe.
Bhiza: Ngokuqinisekileyo ntanga kosala abo bakwazileyo ukukhetha kuba ke sifa sinayo i-choice kumaxesha amaninzi.
Siya: Uyayazi kaloku tshomi bendingenakuthi ndiqala ndizigcine kangaka ndithathe njeukhubone kodwa wena Kholi awothukanga 'why' kuba indlela uMhinki othuke ngayo?
Sibu: Ozakusinda ngozikhethele ukusinda mfethu, kwaye nawe uyaxela ukuba ooma babencokoliswa ngootata, ndiyavuma sisithethe kodwa bona izithethe babezihlonipha bezenza ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangendlela eyiyo kwaye nezi zifo zazingekho ngelabo ixesha.
Sibu: Mfondini akubuzwa ngampimpi apha phendula utitshala qha wena.
(Emva kokuba ebuyele egumbini lakhe uMhinki ufowunela uFundi nanjengoko esazi ukuba abanye abanangxaki).
Fundi: Amaboyfriend hay'bo Siya, bangangathi abo bantwana uthetha ngabo?
Mhinki: Kanti umuncu na sisi, kaloku thina sana njengoko besenditshilo awethu amakhwenkwe ukuba iyitshomi yakho ifuna ukuba nithandane hayi nidlale ukuthandana.
Fundi: Akunjalo bhuti likhona ithemba xa ungahlala emthandazweni ungazixheli. UThixo unakho yena ukwenza izinto esingenakho thina ukuzenza, ngokumthemba nje ungangcono.
Sibu: Kwelo ke ntanga ukuba ukhetha ukonqena, lithi ke elabadala umvuzo wesono kukufa, kaloku mfondini alikho inqenerha elingakha isizwe.
Mama kaBhiza: Ndinjalo nam tata ndome qoko lonto uvalo endinalo andazi nokuba ukugula kwalo mntwana ndikucinga kakhulu na. Ndihleli nje ndinombilini ingathi ndizakuva into embi.
Sibu: Mhndiyeva tata kambe ayandomeleza la mazwi, anditsho nam ndazibona ndithe phithi yisoka nokuzilolonga. Ngoku mama inkonzo yona udibene nayo xa kuphi kuba ndikhe ndikuve xa uncokola ngayo.
Sibu: Unjani kodwa ntanga?
(UMhinki uphuma kwithala lencwadi eKholejini yakhe udibana nomfana omcela uthando).
Bhiza: Tata heekakade njengokuba uninzi lolutsha lusithi phithi luthando nje ingaba nakwelenu ixesha kwakunjalo?
Simbele: He kwedini uvelaphi ngelixesha Unayo lento yokucinga ukuba ngumzi wakho mawungene naxesha liphi. Uthi ndithuma bani icuba hi?
Sibu noBhiza: (Ngaxeshanye) Molo 'K' ntanga.
Kholi: Into endiyithandayo Fundi, yonke le yethu igenge ihlakaniphile ifuna ukulinda ixesha elililo phambi kokuba yabelane ngesondo kwaye nesa sifungo sethu sasisenzile sokuba "no sex before 21years" sonke sisasigcinile andisathethi ke ngawe kuba kaloku wena usindisiwe. Kanene sithini esa-slogan sakho?
Nesi: Sanukufane nothuke ! benimbona ukuba ebegula umhlobo wenu imeko yakhe ibimbi, usishiyile ke.
Sibu: Icondom ntanga! Usebenzisa yona okanye uyeke uye kwantsonganyawana ntanga. Kwaye umele kukuvuya wena kuba uyakwazi ukuzikhethela, kukho abanabel'uqaqaqa bengenandlela yakuzikhethela kuba kwakusemnyama ngaloo maxesha futhi isafihlwa nale AIDS.
Nesi: Ewe tata kusesibhedlele apha, ingaba ndithetha notata ka-Bhiza?
(UKholi uncokola noFundi ngemeko kaKeli).
Mhinki: Kaloku wena tshomi awukholelwa ekubeni umntu makathandane engekatshati.
Bhiza: Heyi masambe ntanga masingamphazamisi mhlawumbi ufuna ukuphumla.
Thozi: Kunjalo, ' and you who is your role model'?
Mhinki: Heyi sana kaloku mna ndixakekile, zincwadi ngapha zii -netball nemiculo kwelinye icala. Zonke ezi zinto zifuna mna.
Nomzi: Ndiyabulela ke mntwanam ukuva ukuba kanti incoko nengcebiso zethu aziwi phantsi kuwe.
Mhinki: Andinalo tu ixesha bhuti kodwa ke ndingafane ndikwenzele nje inyobana.
Fundi: Yho! Ye ! hake nanko ke umhlola, izolo oku ubufuna ukuba yitshomi kaKholi namhlanje sowufuna ukutshomisana nam. Ngelishwa lakho ke bhuti anditshomisani namakhwenkwe mna.
Sibu: Kulungile ke ntanga nokuba asiboni ngasonye kwezinye izinto , mhle yena umntwana wabantu uzolile unesimilo kwaye nentsindiso leyo azibiza ngayo imfanele.
(USiya ufowunela uMhinki umbalisela nge boyfriend adibene nayo eYunivesiti).
Bhiza: 'Tyhini sesifikile bafondini asiyivanga tu le ndlela sakubonana ngomso ke majita.
Mpintshi: (Ngoko nangoko uyaxhoma) Uxolo mhlekazi ungabisadubula ndiyaxhoma mhlekazi!
Keli: Eyi Bhiza ntanga kaloku mna nasekhaya ndiyalithunywa icuba, ndiyile ndayakulithenga elacuba bendilithunywe ngalamajita. Undikhumbuza nto mfondini andiphile nam nantsi enye yizani ndinifundise ukuba kutshaywa njani.
Sibu: Ningandithathi kakubi majita mna andifuni kunibona ningena kwii ngxaki eningena kuphuma kuzo kwaye ke likamva lo mntana wabantu eli nilibalelayo.
Novoti: Ungambuzi kum uKeli kaloku yinkwenkwe endala ngoku.
Bhiza noSibu: (Bothukile)Akho nto imbi kodwa?
Kholi: Uyabona ke bhuti uyakukha phantsi isitya sigcwele kum, andikukhathalele nokuba unama- connection naphantsi komhlaba uyakubhantinta ubomi bakho bonke kum ntanga.
Mhinki: Yha! 'She must be a nice caring mother,' nhe!
(URenji noNomzi bakwigumbi labo lokulala bayancokola).
Fundi: (bewolana) Mhinki, Siya, Kholi ukukhula kwethu yayingathi asoze sifike kwelixabiso sikulo ngoku.
Fundi: Mhinki ntombi khawuphum'egusheni.
Mhinki: Tshomi khawuyeke ukudlala wena.
Mhinki: "You mean you really did it".
Fundi: Ewe nesi (benxunguphele) Kwenzeke ntoni, uphi?
Bhiza: Eyi ntanga nam ndimzamile ndikhumbula nokuziqala kwakhe ndandikhona ndatsho ndancama.
Mhinki: "Well", linye girls "let us just abstain."
Mhinki: Kunjalo sisi nangoku ndinalo ixhala kuba utata undincoma mihlale.
Nomzi: (Engenelela) Ewe mntwanam, ukongeza kula mazwi katata abantwana abaninzi banempazamo yokusuke icertificate sematric basenze icertificate of love.
Fundi: Kunjalo kaloku sana ukusebenzisa iziyobisi kukuzidlakaza nje nokuba ufele ebubini.
Amakhwenkwe: Heyi yizanapha makwedini, inani ambanokusifunela i-entyi phaya.
Nomzi: Azihambi zonke kaloku mntwanam njengokuba soloko ndisitsho kuwe, uthando lufuna ixesha elininzi, kuba sukube ungahlangananga nebhola ngoku yona ingakwaziyo ukuthetha, sukuba uqubisene nomntu oza kufuna elakhe ixesha kwakweli lakho. Ininzi kakhulu ke mntwanam into edibana apho kungasa ndibala kodwa iyonke lonto yenza kube nzima ukuqwalasela izifundo zakho ngokupheleleyo.
Keli: S'bu mfondini utata nomama ndithi ndibuya ekudlaleni ndifike betiphile kungoko ke kungekho bani undibuza nto. Kwaye nokuba kwenzekile ukuba lindibone itopi xa ndifika livela nje lithi Heyi kwedini uvelaphi wena ebusuk'.....pha awuyazukub'........... kuphelele apho, kusasa alisayazi yonke lonto.
Fundi: Ke ngoku Mhinki unelungelo kaloku lokuzikhethela lonto uyifunayo.
Keli: Girls; girls; girls wouldn't it be a funny world if you were created alone.
Keli: (Exakanisekile) Ntanga akwaba ndandinimamele, xa.... kuna..... mhla..nje ngendingekho kule.....meko.
Sibu: Uyabona ke ukuba uqhubeka nale nto sizakushiya ke thina.
Umfundi wokuqala: Yho iyakuze ibe yinto yanini ke leyo?
Mfundisi: Sibu nyana ngumba omkhulu lowo, ingaba uthandazile kodwa Kaloku ucelwa kuThixo umfazi ndiba uyayazi nawe lonto?
Sibu: Bhiza ntanga zininzi kugawulayo. Ezinye zezi uzaziyo ezinje ngokuba ungabelani ngesondo, okanye usebenzise icondom xa kwenzekile ukuba wabelane ngalo.
abayakuvuna nto bakufunda lencwadi bahlanguleke.
Mhinki: Ndiphilile nam mhlobam akhonto. Fundi uvile ukuba uKeli usesibhedlele udutyulwe ngamapolisa Phofu sana babhaqwe beqhekeza imoto suka yena xa kusithiwa mabaxhome izandla ngamapolisa suke wadubula kwamapolisa lawo?
Novoti: Awu ! Yise kaKeli uthi uyaziva nje kakuhle lento uyithethayo ungathini ukuthi umntana efunda ukutshaya uthi wena ungena ebudodeni Uzakuxakana nento ngenye imini kwaye ungaze uze kum mhla waxakana nomqa wakho?
Siya: Heyi sana indiphethe kakuhle kakhulu iKholeji yam, uthanda njani ukwazi ukuba ndide ndafumana nebhaso lokuzibona sendithandana?
Fundi: Ndiyayiva mna lento ithethwa nguMhinki, ungayibulisa inkwenkwe ukhululekile kodwa sukuzithi nca kakhulu kuyo khumbula kaloku asingomntwana wakokwenu ngoko ke unokujikela uxakane naye.
Bhiza: Andizenzi ndinayo ingqondo.
Sifumana umntwana osebenzise iziyobisi ubomi bakhe buphela kabuhlungu ngokukhawuleza.
Fundi: Akunjalo bhuti awuveli ubone nje intombi ubesowuyithanda uthi wakugqiba uyicele kuThixo, ayihambi njalo. Uyathandaza uboniswe.
Keli: Kulungile Bhiza ntanga " bye bye" nawe Mr Bible.
(USibu uncokola nomama wakhe uNomzi , notata wakhe uRenji kunye nomakhulu wakhe kumnandi lixesha lesidlo sangokuhlwa kuhleliwe etafileni).
Fundi: Kunjalo xa ubambelele nawe kuyo, kwaye ke alikho elinye icebo ndazikhethela ukuhlala eNkosini de kuphele ubomi bam kwaye andizisoli nge-'choice' yam kuba ukususela ndisengumntwana iNkosi yam yayiphatha kakuhle impilo yam. Nasezifundweni indincedile ndipase emagqabini kuzo zonke kuba kaloku bendithandaza ndicela ukuba indiphe amandla okufunda incwadi zam ngempumelelo.
Fundi noMhinki: (Ngaxeshanye) Hay'bo Siya uthetha ukuba awuboni nto imbi ekubeni yitshomi nenkwenkwe?
Keli: Haai girls!
Fundi: Ndivuyile nam ndakukubona.
Keli: Yho! Khawulezani ndiyafa.
Umfundi wokuqala: Undilahlekile ke ngoku. Njani?
Mfundisi: Hayi ntomb'am ngumbono omhle lowo asikuko nokuba kufanele nisihlawule ngokunifundisa kwethu, ntonje xa iNkosi ikunikile eloxanduva njengomntwana kufanele wenze njalo.
Umfundi wesibini: Nabo ke bona bayenzayo, kwaye azange ndive kusithiwa kukho owakha wafa kuba elinde wada wamdala. (Kusenjalo kufundwa incwadi eyabhalwa nguBhiza engekaguli kakhulu) Nefundeka ngoluhlobo:- 'Lutsha lwakowethu njengokuba uninzi lwenu lundibonile ndingcikivwa zintlungu silumkeleni isifo sikagawulayo! Zikhetheleni ukuphila kunokufa nonke nina bangekachatshazelwa leligongqongqo sele nihlala ninjalo! Ncedani , nqandani naku ukufa kukrobe ngefesitile! Sanukuvuma ukuba lisele liniqongqotha eligongqongqo! Izwe lakowethu lijonge kuni Izwe lakokwethu likhedamile Isizwe sakowethu sinxunguphele! Sithi, azi ukuba ngobanina ingomso xa kunje. Azi ngobanina abayakukhokela ngomso xa kunje! Baphela abahlali bangomso Zaphela inkokheli zangomso Zaphela ingcali zangomso Nqandani, nqandani, nqandani! Lisekho ithuba lokunqanda lutsha! Linye, masibuyele kundalashe. Masiyekeni ukuqhankqalaza. Masamkeleni ixesha esikulo. Sazi ukuba zonke ezi zinto zisehlelayo zisibuyisela kundalashe, kwizithethe zamanyange. Elokuba silibale kukuthi, ladlula eloxesha kwakungoko yayile loo makhulu. Ngoku ndithi mna lixesha lokuba sithi libuyile ixesha loo makhulu. Kungenjalo ukuba silibele kukuthi ladlula elo xesha ingathi kum sithi abayakudlula silishiye lona ixesha lisemi. Oomakhulu bethu abazange baphumanto kukulinda ixesha elililo phambi kokwabelana ngesondo, koko baxhamla ubomi obude. Amava abo abaxelela ukuba inkanuko yinto yomzuzwana, nephinda idlule. Yeka wena zifike ii nkanuko, yindalo leyo neyokuba zidlule ikwayindalo, kwaye zigqitha ngathi azizange zabakho. Qinani lutsha kumzabalazo wokulwa nesifo sikagawulayo ndinithembile ninawo loo mandla.'
Fundi: Ndibulela nabam abazali kuba namhlanje ndinjenjenje kungenxa yokundibonisa indlela elungileyo, nam ndaza ndabamamela ndakhetha yona. Akwaba uSomandla angasipha abantwana abangakhetha indlela ezilungileyo njengathi.
Simbele: Mfazi ndini musa ukuphendulana nam.
Renji: Kunjalo mfazi yinyaniso emsulwa nengenakuphikiswa yona leyo kodwa imali yalonto sakuyithathaphi kuba ngomso lo sizakukhupha imali eninzi kanti ke isengamaqalela nje.
Sibu: Itsh'uphinde ntanga kambe lithi elabadala, isala kutyelwa sibona ngolophu.
Siya: Yeha ke Fundi, wakhuza kangaka yintoni eyothusayo apho?
Renji: Ibhaso eliyakuba libhongo neqhayiya ngoba na mfazi.?
Thozi: Awuyazi indlela oyenze mnandi ngayo imini yam. Nam wena ndikwaxakekile kodwa inyaniso yeyokuba mhla ndakubona ndaphandlwa, andizange ndiyeke ukuba nomfanekiso wakho engqondweni yam.
Mhinki naye uzikhethele ukulinda ixesha elililo aze asebenzise icondom xa ekulungele oko.
Keli: "What if " andifuni kumyeka, nizakwenza ntoni.
Mhinki: Hayi Khushi ntombi ungayithethi lonto ndingakhe ndife kuqala nokuba ndizakube ndivuke.
Sibu: Esh' yhini! Madoda sese ibe nje intanga yethu.
Sibu: Hayi ngalendlela nizisebenzisa ngayo.
Mhinki: Hallow Fundi unjani?
(UFundi usabela ifowuni evela kumfundisi ecela ukumbona emishini).
Bhiza: Heyi Fundi kubi iyagula lendoda sicelwe ukuba khe siphume kancinci ngumongikazi. (Kusenjalo inesi ibabizela ecaleni uBhiza noSibu).
Bhiza: (Engenelela) Awu Sibu ntanga kukhona ukuzikhethela?
Siya: Ndiphilile tshomi , wena unjani?
Siya: Tshomza kaloku yaba yinto yokuqala ukuyithetha kusbali wakho, ndamxelela ukuba mfana "I love you too but on condom conditions" kwaye ngethamsanqa lam naye ukulomoya ndikuwo we "no condom no sex.
Keli: Awu , yintoni ngawe mfethu, sancokolisa mantombi wasixelela ukuba masilibale ngawo sizixakekise ngemidlalo, nezi ngoku ziyobisa kamnandi uthi masilibale ngazo. Kanti uphezu kwantoni?
Novoti: (Ehamba embombozela) Kanti mntanandini uzakukhe uyichophise ukufika kwakho endlwini ndiyakuxelela ungandazi nje uzakundazi. (Unovoti ufika ekhayeni ubalisela umyeni wakhe).
Siya: Andiboni nto imbi mna kulonto, esikolweni abantwana babelungu banawo amaboyfriend.
Mhinki: Yintoni 'guys' kwenzeke ntoni?
Fundi: Kunjalo kanye bhuti. Hay'ke masohlukane sendifikile mna ekhaya 'any way' bekumnandi namhlanje enkonzweni.
Mhinki: Siya mhlobam bangandibhida bonke "but not you". Unjani kodwa tshomza, uphilile?
Bhiza: Kanti mpintshi uyawoyika namashwa.
Keli: (Ephela) Niyiqinise Sibu mfondini, nishumayele elutsheni luzikhethele indlela eya ebomini lungazifaki kusetyenziso lweziyo....bisi kuba isi.... phelo sazo sibuhlu.......
Nomzi: Mna mntanam ndandithe phithi yimixhentso yesintu, bendisithi xa ndivela esikolweni ndincedise umama ndakugqiba ndenze umsebenzi wam wesikolo emva koko ndiye kwimixhentso yesintu esasiyenza sikhuphisana namanye amaqela. Loo nto ke ibisinceda singabi nalo ithuba lokuthi phithi, ngamakhwenkwe nanjengoko ngelethu ixesha yayingowona mceli mngeni sasijongene nawo kuba kwelethu ixesha le yenu imiceli mngeni minizi kangaka sasingenayo.
Bhiza: Asikuko nokuba andikholelwa emthandazweni kodwa ndihleliwe ngamazwi entang'am uS'bu athi' uze umkhumbule uMdali wakho ingekafiki imihla owothi ayindiyolele'. Andihleli lo mazwi kuba mna ndasuka ndawenza into yokudlala kanti imihla izakukhawuleza..
Sibu: Yeyakwa Thembele tata nguFundiswa.
Fundi: Owu uKeli, kodwa ke masithembe ukuba uxolelanisene neNkosi yakhe.
Sibu: Ndiphezu komhlaba ntanga kuba uyandiphoxa kanti ndizamana nekamva lakho.
(UKeli ufundiswa ukutshaya iziyobisi kwanokusela utywala besilungu, uBhiza naye ukho kulamakhwenkwe kodwa yena akayingene).
Bhiza: Khawunyaniseke S'bu mfondini andidlali. Umbona njani?
Renji: Xa ingamaphupha amahle nkosikazi akunani nokuba ungawalawula de kuse.
Umfundi wesibini: Ubulinda ude ufikele kwixabiso lobuntu obukhulu.
Mhinki: Sukundiva kakubi , andithethi lonto, nto nje ndithi kufuneka ulumke kangangoko unakho ekuzisondezeni enkwenkweni.
Fundi ozikhethele ukusindiswa.
Sibu: Ewe mfondi, ingaba uwubuza ngokunyanisekileyo lo mbuzo okanye uyazibuzisa?
Enye yamakhwenkwe: (Ikhupha imela) Jongapha lahleka kungenjalo uyodibana nenyok'iphungumhluzi.
Simbele: Tyhini, yini le uyakwazi ukutsho wena Andithi wena lo unebhabhalaza ngoku umi apho?
Fundi: Asikuko nokuba ndiyashumayela mhlobam ndithetha nje inyani.
Umfundi wesibini: Sukuba sabuza mfondini inye qha ngoku into efunekayo sisisombululo, ixesha le mibuzo lona liphelile.
Bhiza: "No" ntanga ukuba kunzima ukuthetha sukuthetha sakuphinda sibuye xa noko uziva ngcono.
Keli: (Ebhekisa emakhwenkweni) Kanti abantu abakhulu banjani Lento baze bathi besenza into bafune ukuba ihlonitshwe lo nto kungathethwa ngayo?
Fundi: Kaloku sana ndisithi ndinebhongo nje yilonto kwaye ndiqinisekile ukuba nabazali bakho banebhongo neqhayiya ngawe kuba awukhange ubaphoxe.
Keli: (eshwantshwatha eshushu) Hay'suka mntanandini yimpilo yantoni leyo ningamaxhewukazi kakade Bulel'imbeko le ndikunika yona?
Keli: He mfondini xa utye ezinto maan endaweni yokungena engxakini uyalibala ngengxaki.
Kholi: Heekanti nisakhumbula genge?
Sibu: Sendivile kaloku mama , endicela ungene kuyo yile yenkonzo inceda njani ukuba ungathi phithi ngamantombi okanye ngamakhwenkwe Ndicacelwe ngumdlalo webhola neminye kuba uyadinwa unxaphe ubesele ucinga ngokuya kulala ungabinalo ke ixesha lokucinga?
Umfundi wesibini: Mna ndithi ntanga isisombululo sinye "lets abstain" silulutsha "or condomise" de kuvele iyeza. Okwangoku, ukuba usafuna ukuphila kufanele uzikhethele kwezo zimbini.
Renji: Yhu ! Yangumbono omhle kakhulu lowo nkosikazi, lo nto azange ndidlale ngenkomo zakowethu apha kuwe.
Fundi: Ndiyakuqinisekisa ukuba abo ngabangaqinanga kwinto abemi ngayo , mna ke ndihleli kanye ezinyaweni zenkosi yam nangoku ndithetha nawe nje ukufika oku kwam ekhaya ndenza nje ihome work yam, ndincedise umama apho kufanele khona ndibe sendisiba yindlela esingise apho ndiphila khona.
Sibu: Sesifana sigxwala nje emswaneni akhonto singaba sayenza ngoku selimkile ixesha ngaku 'K'. Nangona ke ikho intetho ethi, akancanywa umntu.
Mpintshi: (Ehamba eqhutywa lelinye ipolisa esaxhome izandla usiwa evenini) Ndikuyekile ntanga uzakuzibonela.
Simbele: (Ethatha intonga) He! Andiva! Utsho kubani kwedini kwakha kwathethwa nam ngolo hlobo Ina khawuv'apha.(emtsho ngentonga)?
Kholi: (Bencokola kwakhona bobabini noSiya) Tyhini unantoni na kakade uKeli, ucinga ukuba lela xesha umntu wayesenza into ayithandayo kwintombazana kuba ingenawo amandla okulwa kuye, akayazi kakade ukuba uRhulumente omtsha wafika wangamandla kuthi thina babengenawo.
Simbele: Ukuba ngumthetho lo uthi abantwana mabangaqeqeshwa yiya, nawo lowo ndiwulindile ukuba nguwo lo uthi abantwana mabathuke kooyise.
Polisa: (limfunqula lincediswa lelinye bemsa evenini bemleqisa esibhedlele) Ukuba ubungadubulanga ngowungagqitywanga kanti ukwalilo negwala ingathi ukhaliphile nje?
Siya: Ndiphilile tshomi, unjani wena Kunjani tshomza kulo Kholeji yakho?
Fundi: Hayi tata, enye into umtshato asinto ndikhe ndicinge ngayo kuba ndizixelela ukuba ndisanda kuphuma esikolweni, kusafanele ndincedise abazali bam.
Sibu: Usenza buhlungu nathi ngoku ntanga ndandithetha nje mna futhi ke uThixo uyaxolela akafani nathi, ukuxolele yena nangoku koko nje kusele ukuba wena uzixolele.
Fundi: Ohndiyabulela tata.
Sibu: Xa ubafuna ntoni mfondini abantwana babantu Kuyacaca ukuba lento iphandl'apha uyiva ngembali inkenteza kude lee kwezakho indlebe?
Renji: Qhuba ndimamele mfazi.
Makhulu: Wenze kakuhle ke mzukulu, uyabona ke mzukulu wam naxa bekufundisa uze wenze njalo ungavumi kuba ukhe waqalisa nje awokwazi ukwahlukana nalo. Abantwana abaninzi bazifumana sebesengxakini ezinkulu ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuthi hayi kubantwana abangangabo. Unelungelo mntwan'am xa into ungafuni ukuyenza uqine uthi hayi.
(Kwelinye icala uKoli ufowunela uSiya, uSiya umbalisela ukuba ugqiba kuthetha noMhinki).
Renji: Ungasiphoxi ke mntanam ucinge ukuba ugqibile ngoku esikolweni ungenza nantonina, usaqala mntwanam awukenzinto kungona uyakuqala ibanga lokuqala. Uze mntanam uzigcine ngoluhlobo ubuzigcine ngalo, uze uthi phithi zincwadi zakho, uziphumze ngokuzilolonga nangebhola le ubuyidlala, azange sabona ntombazana kwigumbi lakho ngoku ubuzilalela wedwa kwelagumbi lingaphandle uze ungathi wakufika eYunivesiti uthi ukhululekile kuba besingakhange sikubambe kakade.
Fundi: Kunjalo into isele nathi basaphilayo ukuba sishumayele ivangeli lokuba ulutsha maluzikhethele ukuphila kungenjalo luyaphela.
Renji: Awu isekude kangaka nje nkosikazi loo nto uyicingiswa yintoni kuba ke usayakuqala ngomso.
Thozi: Kunjalo kodwa ke ngoku ndikhulile ndiyakwazi ukuqiqa yonke into ndiyenza ndisazi ukuba indisaphi.
Tata kaBhiza: Kunjalo kanye mfazi usishiyile unyana wethu.
Sibu: (Ehleka) Heke tamkhulu wena wawuthe phithi yintoni?
Keli: Awu! titshala sizakube silifunela ntoni?
Mhinki: Nalapho wethu angekhe uqiniseke kuba babe sibakhona abafuna esiqwini, uthi ukhe uve kusithwa nje umntwana umfumene engekatshati nje yayiyintoni?
Fundi: Akho ngxaki mhlob'am ukhulile ngoku, umelwe kukuba uthathe nasiphina isigqibo osifunayo. I-'22 years' xa ungasindiswanga ininzi kakhulu, ndinebhongo mhlob'am ngawe.
Keli: Awu ngantonina sana Uyayazi nje sana ukuba bendizidlulisa nje phaya kula mntana ndaqala kuwe moss?
(Kusemva kwesidlo sangokuhlwa uSibu kunye nabazali bakhe bahleli ndawonye bayancokola).
Mhinki: Ndiyavuyisana nawe ke tshomi, singaze sililahle ke esasilibambe kwase sikolweni elithi "no condom no sex, we choose life."
Mfundisi: Ke ngoku ntomb'am ingaba uthini Ndikunike ithuba ukhe uye kuthandaza?
Renji: Kunjalo mfazi , tyhini ukulibala into enkulu kangaka! Kukudinwa komzimba kukusebenza mfazi, bendixakeke gqitha namhlanje emsebenzini.
Bhiza: (Engenelela) Keli mfondini "no" sukuvuma ntanga.
Keli: Icondom Eyi wena S'bu udlala ngathi kanjani?
Mhinki: (Ehleka) Kuthe kanti sicinga ntonye, lelethu ke bhuti de sahlulwe kukufa.
Mfundisi: Siphilile ntomb'am inene iNkosi isiphethe kakuhle kakhulu. Hayi ntomb'am, ukungena emxholweni, kukho umfana osuka apha, noboniswe yiNkosi ukuba wena naye ningakha umzi wenu nibe ngumfazi nendoda de nahlulwe kukufa. Endifuna ukukuqonda ke ntomb'am ingaba wena awukhange uboniswe na?
Sibu: Eyi masigodukeni genge, akuzukusinceda ukuhlala apha, igodukile intangam, into isele nathi ngoku.
Nesi: (Iyafika ibeseyicela ukuba khe baphume) Uxolweni khaniphume kancinci ndizakuphinda ndinibize.
Mfundisi: Ndizindlebe ndonke mfo wam.
Bhiza: Keli mfondini uphelelephi izolo?
Tata kaBhiza: Nkosikazi utyiwe zii ntlungu umntwana wethu, nceda umkhulule aphumle, zimngcikivile ii ntlungu.
Tatomkhulu: Kunjalo mfowam.
Thozi: Undiphendule ke sana, ndicela ke ngoku senze elam nelakho, elokuba sinyaniseke omnye komnye.
Kholi: Kodwa Fundi ukuzikhethela kusemntwini kuba ngoku sekusetyenziswa neecondoms kwaye ke uRulumente uphisa ngazo akukho nokuzimela ngokungabinamali.
Sibu: Ingxaki zantoni mfondini usemncinci nje.
Keli: Hay'suka xa ningobani. Ndingoyika ukushwatyulelwa nini?
(UBhiza noSibu bancokola ngolu daba lukaKeli seludume kuyo yonke indawo).
Novoti: Kanti sizakungena, kwaye sizakungena sekungekuhlanga kuba njengangoku ndiya emapoliseni, unongekhe ehle ngowokuba ndixhatshazwe nguwe umthetho ukho.
Nesi: Oh! Shem lo ebekwelagumbi liphaya?
Nomzi: Yilonto tata ndiqonda ukuba mandikukhumbuze nje.
Tata kabhiza: Ululamile ngokwenene mfazi unyana wethu kodwa mna ndohlulwe luxanduva lwam, kuba ngumsebenzi wethu bazali ukubanqwanqwada abantwana bethu singafihli nanye into, zebazikhethele ke eyabo indlela kodwa thina siyidlalile eyethu indima. Kowu madoda! Ukungaqondi! ukungaqondi! Kodwa nkosikazi ndifung'uma, aba abantwana ndakubaxelela ndingafihli nanye into.
Sibu: Yayiyintoni imfihlo yakho makhulu?
Sibu: Awu ! Madoda intangam "what a waste of precious life". "He was still young." Ebenamaphupha enenjongo zangomso, yhini kanti sisifo esitheni esi. Awu! Saphela.
Umfundi wokuqala: Isisombululo sizakuvelaphi mfondini kuba ii ngcali kuyiminyaka zizama ngandlela zonke kuphathwa kuthwa nantsi ngapha kuphindwe kuthiwe nantsi ngaphaya. Isimanga abantu bona bayaphela abemanga ecaleni andisathethi ke ngathi lutsha.
Bhiza noSibu: Awu ntanga! Yhini ukuthetha ngolu hlobo?
Bhiza: (Engenelela) Titshala elicuba lize noKeli lo! Uliphiwe ngamanye amakhwenkwe, ebemthume ukuba makaye kuwathengela izolo, sihlangene nawo xa besivela esikolweni izolo.
Sibu: Lilonke mfethu wena sowungxamele ukugoduka.
Mfundisi: Hayi siphilile nyana, kuhle nathi inkosi isasigcinile, sibulela nje ukukubona. Phofu ingaba awuleqwa nto?
Mamfundisi: Hee kunjalo tata futhi ndinayo into ethi abantwana sebehlanganisiwe nguMdali ngokuqinisekileyo naye uFundi uyakubuya evuma ebonisiwe yinkosi.
Bhiza: Ufane nje wathi asiboni ngasonye kuthe kanti awethu amehlo ayaphakelana.
Renji: Kunjalo ke ukuba nomfazi onengqondo. E Sibu nyanam.
Sibu: Yha 'B' ntanga khamxelele nawe u'K'.
Sibu: Awu ntanga i-sport, ukufunda, umculo, ukwenza imixhentso , imidaniso ndibala ntoni na ntanga okubalulekileyo wena yenza into kuba akwabi nanto yakwenza ungongenileyo ekuhendweni.
Khushi: Ndiyakuva ke sisi, nyhani ngoku unakho ukuthatha isigqibo esisiso kuba nengqondo nayo icinga ngokuphangaleleyo ngoku.
Bhiza: Awu bafondini! Yhini madoda lo mfo ukufa kabuhlungu kangaka.
Siya: Niyakhumbula sihlekwa ngabanye abantwana besithi asoze siyenze lento sifane nje saqhina lomaqhina ethu.
Keli: (Ewe phantsi) Yho Mpintshi uphi mfondini andigqibile.
Sibu: Ndimamele tata.
Bhiza: Angavumi ukutshaya, unelungelo lokuba ale.
Thozi: Nam ndiphilile. Ke ndicela ukhe undiphe nje kwixesha lakho imizuzu nje embalwa andizukulibazisa, singakhe sihlale phaya kula mithi.
Fundi: Yimani ke makhe sibuyele apha kuSiya. Kanti sana uzimisele ukutshata nini, sonke sitshatile nje thina'?
Bhiza: Molo Fundi.
Thozi: "I love you Mhinki, please promise me that " uyakubuya nempendulo engu"yes" xa ubuya.
Bhiza: Nam ntang'am ndakuyibona ngoko.
Mhinki: (Esabela icellphone) Hallow.
Sibu: Hayi mna majita andifuni kungamameli izwi labantu abadala kuba umakhulu ukhe andibalisele ngesiphelo esibi somntwana ongaphulaphuli abazali bakhe.
Siya naye uzikhethele ukulinda nokusebenzisa icondom xa ekulungele ukwabelana ngesondo.
Mfundisi: Makubenjalo nkosikazi kodwa ke xa lo mfana elathisiwe ngokwenene kumele ukuba naye abuye engqina ukuba kunjalo kodwa andithandabuzi, ngumthandazi lo mfana njengo-Fundi lo angekhe azixhamle athi ubonisiwe kanti udlala ngathi.
Keli: Oh Kanene mntanandini ndikulibele ukuba unebango lokuba usindisiwe.
Sibu: Ikhona tata ndihambele apha kuwe ngomcimbi obaluleke kakhulu.
Bhiza: Uxolo tata asikuko nokuba bendizama ukukudela ntonje kuba uSibu yena ukhe andixelele ukuba yena xa besidla isidlo sangokuhlwa bahlala bonke etafileni axhotyiswe ngabazali bakhe bemlumkisa ngazo zonke izinto ezinobungozi ebomini.
Mhinki: Ndifumene iqabane ntombi 'and I know 'ayizondaba zimnandi ezo kuwe.
Fundi: 'Bye' Mhinki ndikunqwenelela okuhle kodwa.
Siya noKholi: "Well girls " into isemntwini njengokuba benitshilo kuxhomekeka ukuba ukhetha ntoni yeyiphi ekulungelayo.
Fundi: Kanti ke umakhulu ukhe andibalisele ukuba nabo babebanazo itshomi zamakhwenkwe koko bona babe senza nje bedlalisa de umntu afikelele kwixabiso lokwenda.
Renji: Njengokuba sele etshilo unkosikazi ngomso lusuku lakho lokuya eYunivesiti.
Sibu: Inceda njani ke yona mama?
Sibu: Ewe tata.
Renji: (Engenelela) Ewe mntan'am liyinene eli lithethwa nguNomzi umama wakho, ubudoda abungxanyelwa buyacetywa ukuze ungabuphosi.
Sibu: (Ekhwaza inesi ebona ukuba uyaphela uKeli) Nesi! Khawuleza!
Simbele: Ohnguwe lo othi kulentwana mayithuke kum Iv' apha (edibanisa noNovoti ngentonga)?
Keli: Ingxaki azinabuncinci ntanga.
Tata kaBhiza: Kunjalo nkosikazi ndiyalekile, umntwana uyakungena ngenkani yakhe engozini ndimxelele.
Sibu: Si! Kodwa nkosikazi iyandikhathaza indlela ii ntanga zam ezibhubhe ngayo.
Siya: Yhu! Ukuzola nokonwaba ebebuya kuba lapho bobungenambaliso (kwayena ehleka) Ndiyadlala torho isizungu ebesinokubakho asithetheki.
Sibu: Oh ndiyeva ke makhulu, into isekuthini phithi.
Fundi: Yilento ngathi ndiyabhoka kaloku sana, kuba uyaqonda ukuba yayisenzeka lo nto kudala ukhumbule ke sisi ukuba abantu bakudala bebengaleqi zinto kodwa kwakubakho abo babesiba ngamaxhoba.
Nesi: Nilale kakuhle tata.
Bhiza: Bendisatsho ke S'bu ntanga ndisakubalisela ngesehlo sayizolo qha ndiphazanyiswe kukungena kukatitshala. Le inguKeli yazinika ntanga, athe nje lamajita esathi bamba heyi yangena lento ngathi kudala, kulapho ke mna ndibaleke khona. Phofu uyithanda njani eyokuba ndithi xa ndimnqanda u'K' suke enye yalamajita indirholele imela.
Bhiza: Heyi ntanga andinabunjani ziyanditya ii ntlungu (utsho efixiza) ndiyawacinga mfondini amazwi akho, undibonisa ngandlela zonke. Akwaba ndandikumamele kuba namhlanje ngendingagcumi zii ntlungu. Khanijonge ukubabahle kwenu niphile qete.
Sibu: Lamjita mfondini sambonisa kangangoko asinatyala, wathi yena uzikhethele landlela, 'well' yayililungelo lakhe ke elo nangona thina sasibona nje ukuba uzikhethela ukufa.
Siya: Kodwa ke endikwaziyo kukuba sizakufa sonke.
Fundi: Kunjalo kanye tata kuba nabo bathi abafuni ndiphangelele bona koko mna ndiziva ndinomthwalo wokubancedisa kuba ndibona ukuba banazo into abazinqwenelayo nabangazange bazifumane kuba imali bayichitha ekufundiseni mna.
Siya: Xa ndinixelela inyani kudala umntu wam efuna sitshate qha ndisaxhamla incasa yokuziphatha kaloku sana, ndatshata nje kumhla yaphela loo nkululeko.
Siya: Eyi ngathi ndiyayibona lo mini sisithi "we are the Big Four and we choose life no condom no sex."
Keli obelixhoba leziyobisi.
Siya: Ndikukhumbula okwam tshomi, kwaye ke ndinendaba ezintsha tshomi ndichole itiki eQonce.
Sibu: Eyi Keli ntanga ungxamele ukundixaka kwezintsuku. Khawuzikise ukucinga mfethu ndiyakucela, utitshala akakhange atsho ukuba akatshayi nto nje uyasilumkisa njengomntu onamava, uyabazi ubungozi bokufunda ukutshaya. Waqala nje ntanga ukutshaya akululanga ukuyeka kwaye ke thina sisengabantwana asikafikeleli kwinqanaba lokuba singatshaya.
Siya: Kholi sana andimgxeki uMhinki, thina bantu batsha uninzi lwethu lubulawa yiyo.
Keli: (Ehamba eleqa abanye nanjengoko bona bebulise nje bagqitha.) Heyi majita la mntan'uFundi sisiqina ntloko kanjani.
Kholi: " I wish " itshomi zakhe zingafunda isifundo zizikhwebule kwii -drugs zingekagaxeleki kwingozi efana nale kaKeli.
Makhulu: Uyabona ke mntanam ngamaqalela ke lawo, nizakumbona seletshaya into eqinileyo.
Kholi: Hayi tshomam nyhani Wena wonke, makube ngumntu woqobo lowo?
Fundi: Kona kunjalo Siya akukho mntu waziyo ukuba uzakufa nini na. Kwaye siyazi ukuba sonke sizakufa kodwa ayithethi ukuba zise ekufeni ukubona, makuzifikele ungakubizanga.
Siya: Hayi kum tshomi "no condom no sex" kaloku mna sana ndathi ndisakuziqonda ukuba ndiyamthanda umfana ndamxelela ukuba imiqathango yicondom xa kuyiwa emcimbini okanye andiqalisi kwa ukuzifaka kobo buhlobo.
Sibu: Inyaniso bazali bam kukuba ndiyabulela ukuba nabazali abafana nani xa ninonke kuba ndakuzikhethela ngokwam ukuya esihogweni nindibonisile indlela eyiyo.
Nomzi: Nditsho kaloku mntanam izifo ezi zogawulayo, iziyobisi njalo- njalo.
Kholi: Ewe tshomi kunjalo kodwa asikaze siliqhawule iqhina esasilenze eHigh School, lika "no condom no sex".
Kholi: Asifikanga sigalelekile futhi mna girls ndifuna senze ithekokazi elikhulu lokuzibulela.
Fundi: Eyi zambi ezondaba ave kubuhlungu xa simana siphela kodwa nje ngokungaqiqi kwethu ilahleko nje enjalo, ndiyeva ngamaxhoba ayesesebumnyameni ndiyavelana nawo kakhulu., kodwa thina noko sikhula ngoku sele uRhulumente ezama ngandlela zonke ukuba abantu basinde, qha asiva.
Kholi noMhinki: (Ngaxeshanye) Unyanisile uFundi tyhini Siya uzakude ududelwe.
Keli: Haasuka andiwoyiki mna amarati nindithatha njani, ndaziwa ngawo onke sijema sonke nawo.
Sibu: Ndiyakuva Fundi, kambe ath' amaXhosa unendlebe nje unetyala.
Keli: Waqhela ukutsho ulungelwe iv'apha.
Fundi: (ephendula icell) Hallow.
Renji no N omzi: (ngaxeshanye) Ulale kakuhle nawe.
Siya: Uyabona ke bhuti akabhatalwa nesenti u-10111 ibe seyisithi ngxingxilili apha iveni yamapolisa, kwaye ukuba uyawasokolisa sikhona ukuwancedisa ukukukhwelisa ngemva.
Nomzi: Uyabona ke tata kwinyanga yesithathu ndakuyikhupha ndiyivulele kwicala elinenzala ze qho ngenyanga kutsalwe lomali khonukuze ibe nenzala ethe xhaxhe. Uyakuthi egqiba uSibu esikolweni ibe seyikwazi ukuthenga eli bhaso lam lebhongo.
Sibu: Heyi Fundi yakuxhasa inkosi usemncinci wada wabangumphangeli.
Keli: Ukhe weva bani ebulawa kukusela, naba nje mna abazali bam basadla amazimba ababikwa hlaba.
Novoti: Umthetho wona awenzanganto, isiXhosa sithi ugotywa uselula ngoba uyaphuka xa sele umdala. Sukuthi wakungakwazi ukuqeqesha utyhole umthetho.
Mhinki: Enkosi tshomi andikhange ndicinge ukuba uyakuzithatha lula ngoluhlobo ezindaba.
Siya: Yha tshomi , wena ke ndiyazile ukuba izakubangumbuzo wokuqala.
Tatomkhulu: Nam nyan' am ndandithe phithi zincwadi zam. Mna ke mzukulwana andifuni kukufihlela ndandingazidibanisi nabantu abahlala ezindywaleni, bendisithi xa ndiziphumza ezincwadini ndiyekudlala intenetya nebhola yombhoxo. Abantu ke ebendizidibanisa kunye nabo ibingabo ndidlala nabo ibhola kuba besithetha ntonye, nabo bebengaseli bengatshayi.
Mhinki: Awazinto wena sisaqhagamshelana nanamhlanje sobane, iqhina lethu ke sakuliqhawula sakutshata okanye xa sele sonke siqalile ukuthandana.
Mhinki: Mandithi sibonene njengangoku siyathandana kwenzeke ukuba sicinge ngokutshata andithi ngoku sigqibe ukuba mna nawe sisebenzise i-condom xa sisabelana ngesondo?
Siya: Asiyazi ke leyo, esiyaziyo kukuba uKeli uthe phithi kukuba yitshomi kaKholi ke qha.
Keli: He mfondini sukulibala kukubhuda sisemsebenzini apha kwaye ke mfethu sowutshilo nawe ukuba sazikhethela, sayeka isikolo sakhetha ubusela , sasinalo ilungelo lokufunda siphumelele nje ngabanye.(kusenjalo amapolisa ayafika).
Sibu: Heyi iyanikezela intangam , igqityiwe yile Aids kangangokuba i-'girl friend ' yakhe ibingcwatywa kule veki iphelileyo.
Mfundisi: (Esaqhubeka nokuthetha) Ndithetha ukuthi ke mfowam, umfazi ngumntu oyakuhlala naye ubomi bakho bonke. Kungoko kufuneka uqiniseke ngomntu omthathayo ukuba ngumntu omalathisiweyo nguSomandla kuba xa umolathiswe nguThixo, zakudlula inkqwithelo namaqhwa zinishiye nisamile kuba kaloku namiliselwa ngonamandla onke. Sigqithe ke apho mfowam. Ingaba intombi yeyakwabani?
Fundi: Kunjalo myeni wam masiyithandazele le ngxaki iphume kuwe, sizimisele ekuncedeni abangekangeni kulo mgibe bangabi sangena.
Sibe nabo nabanye abantwana ababenekamva elihle ngenxa yobulumko bokuzikhethela indlela eziphilisayo. Nokunye ke okuninzi okungaphakathi zifundele.
Sibu: Heemama ndangathi sendingenile kule ngxaki.
Mamfundisi: Si! mhle ke tata lomntwana enjalo nje ululamile, unobubele, yhazi inqabile loonto kule mihla sikuyo umntu abenesimilo ezazi ukuba mhle.
Bhiza: Khawutsho ntanga nam ndingomnye osoyisakalayo?
Nomzi: HeetatakaSibu uyahamba umntwana ngomso ukuya eYunivesiti ke ndicinga ukuba lithuba lokuba simxhobise.
Bhiza no Sibu: (Ngaxeshanye) Kulungile titshala asokube siphinde. (Uyahamba utitshala basala bodwa.
Mhinki: Heyi ntombi ndidibene nomnye umfana namhlanje kanye xa ndiphuma e-library, endoyikisayo kukuba oko ndihlangene naye ndiva nje ngendlela eyodwa kangangokuba ingathi akusasi, ndiyazisola nangokungamniki impendulo kwangoko.
Keli: Yitsho usenza mfethu.
Bhiza: Eyi S'bu ntanga ingathi wena awundinqweneleli mpumelelo kweli linge ndiceba lona.
Keli: (Engenelela) Ah! Mr Bible ngoku uqonda ukuba mawusifake iBible usishumayeze.
Nomzi: Ndisatsho ke mntanam akukho nto yogqitha ukulinda phambi kokuba wabelane ngesondo nentombazana kuba yonke into mntanam inexesha layo. Ngoku lixesha lokuba ufunde wenze zonke izinto zobutsha uze kwakufika ixesha elililo ufune ke intokazi ekufaneleyo.
Tata kaBhiza: Kunjalo kanye nkosazana.
Fundi: Kunjalo kanye, futhi andiyiboni into engaze indahlule nentsindiso.
Sibu: Hayi mna ekhaya kwathiwa ndingaze ndiliphathe icuba ngaphandle kokuba ndithunywa ngumntu omkhulu.
Mhinki: Uyazi ibingathi akusasi, inyaniso yona yeyokubana ndiyakuthanda njengokuba bendikhe ndatsho. Ngoko ke ndiyasamkela isicelo sakho. Qha ixhala lam lelokuba ndingumntu oxakeke kakhulu.
Sibu: Tata ndicinga ukuthatha umfazi.
Siya: (Engenelela) Kunjalo kanye bhuti xa engafuni kuthetha nawe lahleka ke ungazokusidina apha.
Keli: (Eqondele esayotywe ziziyobisi) Tyhini! Linantonina elitopi nam ndenza eqondene nam.
Mhinki: Kaloku Thozi ngumvuzo wokulinda lowo kuthwa izinto ezinexabiso azifumaneki lula, nawe ulindile kungoko ufumana elithamsanqa nje, kanti ke nam ndizibona ndisethamsanqeni ukufumana umntu esicinga ntonye senze ntonye.
Mhinki: Inyaniso yeyokuba ndikuthande nam ndiqala ukukubona kodwa ke ayithethi ukuba lo nto sendisamkele isicelo sakho.
Mhinki: Uwathathaphi lo mava xa uqala ukuthandana ngoku?
Sibu: Mna makhulu ndizimisele ukuba ndizigcine ndixakekile ngemidlalo enjengebhola ekhatywayo neminye imidlalo, ukuze ndingabi nalo ithuba lokufunda ukutshaya nokusela nezinye nje izinto eziyingozi.
Mpintshi: Heyi mfondini yintoni le uyenzayo Awuboni ukuba uzifaka engozini?
Fundi: (Emphendula nangona sele emkile kuye.) Apho ndisebenzela khona bhuti.
Renji: Tyhini! Kusebusuku mfowam hayi masikukhulule uyokulala kuyavukwa ngomso.
Tata kaBhiza: Kwekhu mfazi kubi ukuxoka indihleli into yokugula komntwan'am xa kanye ezakuthwala isidanga sakhe suke athwale esokufa.
Kholi: He bethuna, khanimamele nanku umhlola. Izolo xa bendisiya evenkileni ndidibene noKeli uthi ucela ndibe yitshomi yakhe.
Siya: He wethu sowuboleka nje xa ubusibuze nini impilo?
Sibu: Hayi tata, ndithandazile ndayiboniswa nguThixo, ndaphinda ndathandaza ndicela ukuba kubekho ii mpawu ezothi zenzeke ndibone ukuba ngenene le ntombi ndiyiboniswayo yiyo. Ngenene ke tata ezo mpawu zenzekile ndaqiniseka ngolo hlobo.
Novoti: He yisekaKeli uyayazi ukuba njengokuba kudala simfuna nje lo mntana uhleli negquba la makhwenkwe angafundiyo phaya ngasevenkileni, phofu bayatshaya.
Novoti: Yhu! YisekaKeli kanti ungenwe yintoni Udibanisa nam nje ndenzeni mna?
Sibu: Yho! Hayi mna ntanga ekhaya simiselwe ixesha lokubuya ekudlaleni asibuyi nje nangeliphi ixesha.
Bhiza: Ndiyabulela ke sisi ngembeko yakho masitsho sisiya. Bayafika ezitulweni bahlale.
Keli: (Ebhekisa kumhlobo wakhe) Heyi Mpintshi jikela kwelacala mna ndizakungena ngapha.
(USibu ufika kwaMfundisi, uyokuxelela uMfundisi ukuba uyibonisiwe intombi nanjengoko sele efikelele kwixabiso lokutshata).
(UFundi udibana neetshomi zakhe emva komngcwabo bayancokola).
Sibu: Hayi ntanga sukube uzixhela ngalonto, okubalulekileyo wena phila, wazi ke ukuba uzakulungisa wenze obekufanele ukwenzile.
Fundi: Tyhini ! akhange ndiyazi ukuba ndizakufika ulapha.
Bhiza: Sisibhedlele kaloku.
Keli: Eyi nina majita bendinithembile kanjani, nako nina nibhatyaza akhonto imbi siyenzileyo moss kwaye mna andiboni nto imbi ekutshayeni kwaye nayo le awuthi iyatshaya, icinga ukuba asiyazi lonto.
Siya: Sakuyibona ngoko ke leyo.
Sibu: Heyi kunjalo ntanga zona ziyingozi kuba zizo ezi zimfake kulo mgibe simnqanda. "Well" amangesi athi "it's never too late to mend", ndizakuthetha naye qha ke ingxaki asiyazi nokuba ukweyiphi imeko. (Kwelinye icala uMhinki noFundi bayancokola kwicellphone).
Siya: "Well" ingozi ke yile ingaphetshwayo, kwagama eli lithi ngozi liyazitolika.
Kholi: Hay'bo Fundi ntombi i-AIDS ingenaphi ke xa uyitshomi nenkwenkwe?
Polisa: Tyhini yini le zinani ezintwana. Heyi ! Uphantse wakonzakalisa mfondini.
Renji: Sibu nyana yonke into kuyana nokuthi ngaba uzimisele kangakanani na, ukuzibophelela kuyo nokuzimisela ekuphumeleleni.
Thozi: Awazi ndivuye njani , ndiziva nje ndingoyena mfana usethamsanqeni.
Mama kaBhiza: (Ejika intloko esathetha ngelixa umyeni aphakamayo.) Kodwa yise kaBhiza asinakuyixhiba emntwaneni lonto sekunjalo, qha thina kufanele ukuba sibone ukuba abantwana bethu sibakhupha njani. Yho ! Ungakhathazeki wena Bhiza mntwan'am mhlawumbi ngenye imini uyakunyibilika.
Mhinki: Maqela ningandivi kakubi, kodwa mna ndedwa andinakuze ndimise ngecondom, ewe ndiyavuma yena urhulumente wenza kangangoko ukukhawulelana nathi lutsha kodwa ingxaki apho ikhoyo, ikulo mntu uzakube uvalelene naye. Uzakuthini xa ekubhokela ninobabini esithi akafuni condom abe sele etshixile nakulo mnyango?
Keli: Nam ndibona njalo ntanga, lo mjita yonke nje into soloko eyenza eyokwenyani.
Bhiza: Nasekhaya, ngaphezu koko akathengiselwa umntwana phaya kula venkile.
Nomzi: Oh ndinokuthini ukulibala. Kaloku mntanam ndithe xa ndifika e-University; ndifika kunyaka wam wokuqala ndangena kwinkonzo yabantwana besikolo, hayi ke mntanam ndazinikela ipeni yanye nde phithi yiyo.
Bhiza: (Ehamba) Ndiyakushiya ke mna 'K'mfondini. (Ukeli naye uyagoduka kodwa sele bemtshayisile iziyobisi ufika kokwabo elelo yozi-yozi. Ufika kokwabo uyise naye ongumahlaleshushu eshushu).
Sibu: (Ephakama esuka kule ndawo inecuba) Eyi majita ndiyanishiya mna ngoku, andingethandi ukubonwa kule ngxaki. (kusenjalo gqi utitshala).
Keli: (Esadubula emapoliseni) Mfondini khawuyeke ukuphazamisana nam emsebenzini wam.
Fundi: Yha! Injalo lonto S'bu yinyaniso emsulwa engenakuphikiswa, zona i- 'challenges' ziyakuhlala zikho, undoqo kukuba ' how do you handle them' kuba isisombululo kwinto nganye sikhona, yonke into ifuna ubulumko. Bulumko obo ke ngokweyam inkolo bufumaneka kulowo wasidalayo.
Kholi: He wethu Siya , sewude uzimoshele ixesha nje ndiyingxowa yombona kakade, ndiyabolekisa?
Renji: Nyana wam awusiphoxanga ukususela mhla waqala a mabanga aphantsi, namhlanje uphumelele ibanga leshumi emagqabini ungazange wasiphoxa, nalapho ke mntanam uya khona uze wenze njalo.
Sibu noBhiza: (Ngaxesha nye) Hayi mfethu asikushwabuleli nto nje siyakucebisa.
Mpintshi: Kuba uzakuphendula phi ngoku awazi ukuba uya eziseleni?
Sibenomntwana obhubha ngenxa yokuyekisa nokungafuni ukusebenzisa i-condom xa esabelana ngesondo.
Fundi: Kunjalo kanye ke sisi umntu uzisa ngokwakhe ekufeni ekubona kumaxesha amaninzi kuba ke kulemihla ishunyayezwa kwii -tv nakwii -radio into yokuba yingozi kweziyobisi kodwa umntu aqhubeke ayokuzifaka kuzo ngoku evile.
Kholi: Kubulelwa imbeko xa bekutheni kanene, kutheni ngathi uyaphazama nje Akhonto indidibanisa nawe mna kaloku ungazokusiqal'apha?
Thozi: Ingaba ke ngoku senaliqhawula iqhina?
Renji: Ufanele kaloku umamakho nyanam zimbi kakhulu izinto ezehlela abantwana babantu phandl'apha bengaqondanga.
Thozi: Enkosi maan. (Behlala phantsi komthi , emva kokuba bebuzene amagama bazana, ungena emxholweni.) Ke sana ndiyakuthanda maan kudala ndimana ndikubona kwangosuku nje lokuqala ndikubona awazange amehlo am asuke kuwe.
Sibu: Ingaba makhulu wawungenazo ii tshomi?
Bhiza: Kwazi bani mama ukuba uyakube sele eshiyiwe lixesha?
Bhiza: (Eqhubeka nencoko) Fundi kudala ndakuthanda kwase sikolweni qha ndandilinde ukuba noko sipase imatric. Otherwise Fundi ndiyakuthanda. Fundi : Hay'bo Bhiza mfondini yintoni undidanisa nje ndikuthembile, imatric ayisositshixo sokuvulela uthando nje.
Mhinki: Hayi kaloku de siyokuthesta, kaloku sisenokutshata kanti u- HIV or mna ndi -HIV ngoko ke ukutshata kwethu akusiniki mvume yokwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kwesikhuseli.
Mfundisi: Owu! Nyana ukuba nayo ikubonisiwe, uyakube ufumene inkosikazi ngokwenene, imhloniphile uThixo loo ntombi, njengokuba nesibhalo sisithi i siqalo sobulumko kukoyika uYehova. Masithandaze ke nyana uhambe. Ndizakumfowunela ngoku ndimcele ukuba afike apha emishini ngoku.
Fundi noSibu: (befika esibhedlele) Molo mongikazi sizokubona uBhiza.
Kholi: Yha! Sisebenzela ukukhetha okukuko sana."so that" ukufa kwethu kube kokufanelekileyo singazifaki kuko sijongile.
Sibu: Ndimamele mama.
Fundi: (Behamba) Nam ndiyabulela wethu ngokundiva ndinethemba lokuba ngenye imini uyakuziqonda kakuhle zonke ezizinto.
Sibu: Unyanisile ngoku masingathi cwaka masixelele abantu ukuba iziyobisi zimqhubelela kwantshabalalo umntu, kwaye ne-AIDS iyabulala. Abantu mabawalumkele lamagongqongqo mabini. Bangazikhetheli wona.
Siya: Nakanjani kaloku tshomi ayibuzwa nokubuzwa leyo, uyazi kakuhle nje Mhinki ntombi kaloku ndizikhethela ukuphila.
Kholi: Fundi unjani shem uKeli kuba ndiva kusithiwa benikhe naya kumbona?
Fundi: (Bebulisa) Molweni bethuna, yintoni nema ngaphandle masingeneni.
Keli: Kanti wena mama ufuna ntoni kum, kuba mna ndicinga ukuba ndininika ithuba lokuba nisele kakuhle notata.
Mhinki: Mna ke tshomi zam ndeva isiXhosa sisithi "iyeza elikrakra lelona liphilisayo" futhi kulungile ukuqala ngencindi yekhala kunokuqala ngobusi ugqibele ngekrakra, kodwa ke njengokuba besesitshilo kusemntwini ukuzikhethela kakade ubomi kumaxesha amaninzi bungokuzikhethela.
Kholi noMhinki: (Ngaxeshanye) Nitsho nisithini ke maqela?
Sibu: Sicela uxolo titshala asokube siphinde.
Kholi: Uyabona ke sana ufumene owokwenene umntu, eyi tshomi singathetha kuse mandiyeke sana inokuba nalo - airtime seyiphelile ngoku.
Bhiza: Heyi bafondini, makhe siyiyekeni le incoko iyandoyikisa khe sibuyele kule yalo mntwana uFundi, ndiyambona nje yena uKeli edlalisa mna andidlali ndiyamfuna la mntana.
Mhinki: Kaloku bhuti oo ..ndicela ukwenza umzekelo ngawe ungakhathazeki.
Tatomkhulu: (Efika uyangenelela naye kule ncoko kaloku ufike sekuphakathi kuba ebeye kwindibano yenkonzo) Ewe Sibu mzukulwana lento isekuthini phithi! Ungandibuzi nje mna ukuba ndandithe phithi yintoni na?
Renji: Hay'ke mfo wam uwagqibile unkosikazi uze wenjenjalo.
Sibu: Ingaba nenkonzo ke mama yabanayo indima eyidlalayo ekubeni ungathandani?
Novoti: (esiya ngasemnyango eshwabula) Ngoku uthi wakuxakana nomqa wakho ubethe mna kanti uzakundazi tata. Nguwe lo ndandikuxelela ngokutshaya kukaKeli wena wathi ungena ebudodeni.
Sibu: Ewe tata.
Mhinki: Ndizakuxinanisa kaloku kwelo xeshana lingekhoyo ndimfake noko kaloku Khush ndimdala ngoku ndiyakwazi ukuhlenga-hlengisa, lingakho ithutyana.
Simbele: Anukungena apha endlini nakushwabula nilapho phandle.
Makhulu: Ndandinazo izihlobo endandincokola nazo xa ndiziphumza ezincwadini kodwa eyona nto ndandithe phithi yiyo yayizincwadi.
Thozi: Kulungile ke ndiyasihlonipha isicelo sakho sokuyakucinga kodwa singahlangana nini ke kwalapha?
Fundi: Yha kunjalo kodwa nalapho ngokwenkolo yam akuzi wena mfana uzokucela uthando kum, uyathandaza kuqala uboniswe lontombi wandule ke ukuthatha amanyathelo.
Sibu: Ntanga sukuzicinga ezo zinto zizakubuyisela umva jongana nalengxaki ukuyo ngoku uyamkele, uthathe zonke ingcebiso ozibonayo ukuba zingakunceda uphile.
Khushi: Ke ngoku sana njengokuba ngathi uthe phithi ngulo mfana uzakwenza njani.
Kholi: Uyabona ke bhuti andikho cheap olo hlobo mna ungacingi ukuba uzakwenza nje nantoni oyithandayo kum kwaye ke andiyotshomi yamakhwenkwe ndicela ulahleke ecaleni kwam.
Sibu: Yha! Kunjalo nangona zikhona nje ii- 'challenges ' umntu ahlangana nazo.
Keli: Eyi ntanga alixoki elithi ungab'olahl'imbo yakho ngophoyiyane kuba ngoku nala mntan'uKholi undixhaye ndamanzi.
Amakhwenkwe: Ina wena Keli mpitshi yeka ezizifede zibini, iya phaya kwa my sister ziyathengiswa ii -entyi phaya.
Nomzi: Inkonzo ke bhuti ii nceda ngokuba wakugqiba ukufunda incwadi zakho uya enkonzweni. Ingena yonke imihla phakathi evekini ngo-six to half seven kwaye ke umsebenzi wakwanokholeji mninzi xa uthe phithi nguwo uphinde uziphumze ngenkonzo angekhe uswele nto yakwenza kuba ii ngcinga zihambelana nokungaxakeki. Xa uxakekile alikho ixesha lokucinga ngento zokwabelana ngesondo nangeendywala. Eyokugqibela ke mntwan'am. Ungalibali ukukhetha ii tshomi ezifana nawe ngokwezinto enizenzayo kuba xa ukhethe abangafani nawe ngokwenza hleze ukwenza kwabo kukoyise ukwenza kwakho okuhle.
Khushi: Yhu! Hayi sana umthandile lomfana, wena inguwe wonke kunini abafana begileka apha kuwe ubabhebhetha.
Mfundisi: Kunjalo nkosikazi emva nje kweveki ezimbini uFundi ebuye nempendulo ndakubazisa.
Siya: Yha! Tshomi "I mean I did it".
Fundi: Tyhini molo Bhiza unjani kodwa?
Fundi: Heyi Kholi imeko kaKeli ayintlanga tu yona kwazi ophezulu ukuba uyakuphila.
Umfundi wesibini: Andiboni njalo mna, ndibona ukuba simke kakhulu kwizithethe zethu ngoku ke yindlela esibuyiselwa ngayo ngophezulu le.
Mfundisi: Hayi ke mfo wam ngokwenene uthandazile, kaloku mfo wam umfazi lo asinto incinci njengokuba abaninzi becinga njalo, kuzele luqhawulo mitshato nje kule mihla kungenxa yabantu abacinga ukuba ukuthatha umfazi kukuthatha ifenitshala yona uthi wakudikwa yiyo uyithengise uthenge enye.
Fundi: Nabakho nje sana jonga indlela enizigcine ngayo, sonke nje oko sasifungile akukabikho usophulileyo sibadala ngoku.
Mhinki: Heyi ndibhidekile ndicela ukhe undinike ixesha ndiyicinge lento kuba mna ndiyaqala ukubona namhlanje wena ke kudala undibona.
Mfundisi: Kunjalo nkosikazi kaloku xa umntwana ezinikele ngokupheleleyo kuYesu ubanjenga lo mntwana akajongi kwizipho ezihle anazo koko wenza ngokwendlela inkosi yakhe ethi makenze ngayo. Banethamsanqa wena aba bantwana kuba nomfana lo unesimilo uyayithanda naye iNkosi.
Mfundisi: Molo mfo wam, tyhini hlala nasi isitulo. Usaphila kodwa mfo wam?
Keli: Uzakuphendula uthini kulamajita xa ubuya ungenamali?
Mfundisi: Masithandaze ke mntwan'am uhambe uyokuthandaza ndikunika kangangeveki ezimbini.
Fundi, Kholi noMhinki: Hayi shem usiphendule sisi kakade kukuwe ukuzikhethela.
Sibenomntwana obenesiphelo esihle kakhulu ozigcine exakekile yimidlalo nencwadi zakhe nazo zoke izinto ezakhayo.
Keli: Batsho bonke sana kodwa sibabone sebetshomisene nathi ngoku bebesithi basindisiwe.
Polisa: (Lidubula phezulu lifuna ukuba uKeli ayeke) Izandla phezulu !
Fundi: Ewe Mhinki kunjalo kodwa andinagunya lokuma phambi kwelungelo lakho.
(Uyise kaKeli onguSimbele kunye nonina kaKeli uNovoti bancokola ngonyana wabo uKeli).
Sibu: Kunjalo eneneni, ndiwabonisile la madoda indlela eyiyo yokukhetha ubomi obububo suka bona bakhetha le yokukhawuleza babhubhe.
(USibu kunye no Bhiza bayokubona uKeli esibhedlele bafika ekubuxhakaxhaka bomatshini).
Sibu: (Enkqonkqoza) Molo tat'uMfundisi..
Keli: (Enqwala nje) Mh(ezama ukuvuma kodwa ukukhupha amazwi kunzima).
Bhiza: Ke S'bu ntanga masiyekumbona ukuphuma kwethu esikolweni ukhe uphinde mfondini uzame ukuthetha naye mhlawumbi angakhetha ubomi kunezidrugs.
Tata kaBhiza: Kunjalo mfazi, phi ke, andinabo nobekati ubuthongo!
Nesi: Usishiye phezolo, imeko yakhe ibiseyimbi kakhulu.
Bhiza: Ahuthini na mhlob'am uthi ukhe phantsi isitya sigcwele.
Sibu: Uyabona ke Bhiza kunjalo kanye ntanga kuba ingxaki apho ikhoyo isithukuthezi siqala engqondweni hayi ke siwutyhutyhe umzimba, kanti ukuba ingqondo yakho uyigcina ixakekile uyakusinda kwaye nexesha xa uxakekile liyakhawuleza ubone sekufika elokulala. Kwaye ke nezi zinto sizingxamelayo ziyabulala.
Koli: Akwaba abasengamaxhoba eziyobisi bangafunda nto ngokusweleka kukaKeli.
Keli: Ah Sibu ntanga akukho nto ithethwayo edladleni nokuba ndingabuya nini.
Thozi: Yho! Sana mna ndikhuliswe ngumama ohlakaniphe kakhulu nosoloko endinqwanqwada endicebisa njalo, ingathi ndiyamva " Sithe mntanam ubomi abungxanyelwa, ngoku usengumntwana yonwabela izinto zobuntwana ungangxameli ezobudala kuba buyakubhida ubomi nditsho ngamava mntwanam."
Kholi: Hallow Siya unjani?
Kholi: (Ephakamisa amanqindi) Yha "good choices" sana. Kodwa Fundi sana ndiqinisekile ukuba banebhongo ngawe abazali bakho.
Umfundi wesibini: Kaloku mfondini khumbula ukuba phaya endulo kwakungabelwana ngesondo ungekatshati.
(USibu noFundi bakhonza kwinkonzo enye, bayancokola ukuphuma kwenkonzo sebephangela).
Umfundi wokuqala: Ukuba akufuni kutshata ke ubusithini?
Nesi: Tata ndinendaba ezimbi, usishiyile uBhiza phambi kwentsimbi yeshumi elinanye ngokuhlwa nje.
Siya: Kuya kuhlala kunjalo kaloku sana ligama lethu kukuzikhethela ubomi.
Sibu: Ewe tata nditsho yona.
Fundi: Lelethu myenam, kangangokuba mna emva nje komngcwabo kaBhiza ndizimisele ukuthatha nokuba yi-yure nje enye kwixesha lam ndifundise abantwana abasakhulayo nabasasindileyo kulamagongqongqo.
Siya: Oh! Ndiyeva. Kodwa girls ayikude into yokutshata kwethu, niyaqonda nje ukuba siseneminyaka nje eyi-16 kuphi naphi ukutshata kwethu?
(Kwelinye icala uBhiza uncokola nabazali bakhe kodwa bona abayingene le yokuncokola nabantwana).
Bhiza: Molo ntanga.
Keli: (Encama ehamba) Suka lo-clever lo oko mntandini wawuzenza clever ngoko awukatshintshi nangoku.
Fundi: (Ethetha kwi-cellphone) Kulungile tata ndisendleleni ezayo.
Keli: EE...... Licuba titshala.
Bhiza: "I know Fundi the fact is" noko sikhulile ngoku.
Bhiza: Itsho uphinde S'bu "who knows" mhlawumbi ngomso sakube sizi soccer stars.
Mhinki: Ndiyakwazi kaloku wena tshomi njengokuba izakubazii 'good news ' nje kuwe zii -'bad news' kwabanye.
Titshala: He makwedini! Nenzantoni apha Sapha ndibone, thyini! Yintoni le makwedini?
Polisa: (Lithetha nelinye) Heyi mfondini khawukhwaze enye iveni idibane nathi phaya esibhedlele izokuthatha eli liphilileyo ibanjwa, thina kuzakufuneka singenise eli esibhedlele.
Thozi: Qhuba ngekhe ndikhathazeke.
Bhiza: Yha! S'bu ntanga ukuba singakwazi ukulwa ezona zinto zisitsalela kuzo nesizaziyo ukuba isiphelo sazo asilunganga.
Sibu: Jonga ke ntanga isizini yesoka iyaqala ngomso, kanti nerabhi nayo iyaqala loo nto iyakukunceda ungabi naxesha lokucinga ngeengxaki.
Novoti: Siyasela kuwe ngoku?
Thozi: Side sitshate.
Nomzi: (Ehleka) Utsho na myenam, hayi ke ndibulela kakhulu xa undixhasa kulombono wam. Masilale kusebusuku ngoku, khe ndiyeke ukukulawulela amaphupha ndingekalali nokulala.
Umfundi wokuqala: Kwakuba kunini Ngoku thina ubomi bethu kufuneka bume?
Sibu: Heyi ntanga "what a waste" luyaphela ulutsha , kanti ngobani abazakuphatha kweli lizwe lobawo xa siphela kangaka yi-AIDS ngapha, zii -drugs ngapha, kanti kwenzeka ntoni?
Simbele: Kwedini andiyiva le nto uyithethayo, ushwantshatha uthini uthethela esifubeni nje Lo nto uvuza nezinkcwe. Kuqhubeka ntoni kuwe kwedini?
Nomzi: Eshe! He myenam ndicinga ukuba lo mntwana simenzele isibhadlalala setheko mhla wagqiba eYunivesiti.
Fundi: Mhinki nguwe mhlob'am , ndiphilile unjani wena?
MamakaBhiza: Nam myen'am ndinalo ityala ukuba ndandihleli nawe sabonisana ndingasuke ndikukhalale xa ungaqondi ngekungenje namhlanje. Awu usana lwam lululamile lusimamela suke sadlala ngalo mathuba.
Siya: Hayibo Mhinki lilonke uthi masibezintshaba namakhwenkwe.
Sibu: Kunjalo tata.
Sibu: Kungcono ukuba ubenalo ithuba lokuba noko akhe aphefumle azibone ukuba akakhange enze kakuhle.
Mama kaBhiza: (Efixiza) Kowu yise kaBhiza ngekuba ndizama ukungayicingi lento kodwa ndithi ndakucinga indlela umntwana wam awayesicenga ngayo efuna sincokole naye ngobomi suke thina sambhekelisela kude (egixa) namhlanje! Namhlanje umntwan'am uyangcungcutheka zintlungu ngenxa yokuqina kwentloko zethu singabazali.
Bhiza: Utsho nje wena S'bu, kuthiwa ntanga nguye oqale wadubula amapolisa. Heyi ndibuhlungu kanjani nguKeli nalendlela aziphethe ngayo.
Sibenaye nomtwana ozikhethele impilo yokusindiswa okokukuthi "uhamba inkonzo ngokuzinikela ngokupheleleyo" naye ikamva lakhe libelihle kakhulu.
Sibu: Kwelo ke kukuwe ntanga ukuba uyitolike ngolo hlobo, mna bendicebisa nakuzikhethela ke.
Mhinki: "I wish you all the best tshomi," wonwabe lo mfana akuphathe kakuhle. Nam xa selendisithathile isigqibo ndakuxelela.
(UKeli neqela lakhe babhaqwa ngamapolisa beqhekeza imoto).
Sebetshatile uFundi noSibu batshate umtshato omhlophe betshatiswa nguMfundisi.UFundi no-Sibu bayokubona umhlobo wabo uBhiza esibhedlele bafumana indaba zokuba usweleke ngephezolo.
(UKholi kunye noSiya badibana noKeli).
Nomzi: Ngokusuka bathi bakupasa imatric bakufika eUniversity baqalise ukuthandana udibane nomntwana sele enesinye isimilo ongasaziyo, isiphumo ke singabi sihle kuba kaloku S'bu mntanam.
Simbele: (emphinda ngentonga) Usabuza wena?
Sibu: Nam ndiyangena ngoku. (abe sebulisa kuBhiza) Molo mfondini.
Fundi: (Engenelela) Unyanisile uS'bu, uzenza 'worse' ngokucinga 'in a negative way.' Siyazi kukuba ii ntlungu ozivayo, thina asiziva, ' but please don't add them by stressing yourself with things that you cannot change.'
Mama kaBhiza: Kunjalo, nezindaba bezisinxubisile sizivile. Liyinyani lona elokuba khon'ukuze ingqondo isebenze kakuhle ifuna uphunyuzwe umzimba.
Bhiza: Heyi ntanga masiyiyeke ngoku lencoko iyandoyikisa.
Mhinki: Ndiyadlala tshomi bendikutsala nje." Bye" ke sisi ndakube ndikufowunele.
okubhala le ncwadi.
Amakhwenkwe: Ahmpintshi khaliyeke maan elitopikazi liye kulendawo liya kuyo. Khawuyeke ukub' uligcwalisela.
lwakowethu isizwe sangomso.
Keli: (Ebhekisa kuFundi) "Haai baby" kunjani (Engekaphenduli uFundi) Ke sana ndicela ukub'ayitshomi yakho?
Mhinki: Haai Fundi unjani?
(Isikolo siphumile uBhiza ubalisela uSibu ngento ebehlele ngezolo noKeli).
Bhiza: Heyi mbi mfondini u'K' andikholwa ukuba uzakuphila.
Bhiza: Kunjalo ntanga asikwazi kuma phambi kwe-choice yakhe, singamcebisa kodwa elokugqibela kumele liphume kuye.
Fundi: Kunjalo Mhinki, abantu boze bazisokolise ngokuleqa izinto ezikhawulezayo nezizakuphelela esithubeni kuba kwa ezi wayezenza zokutshaya esafunda zazikude lee kuye kodwa maxa wambi andimgxeki asinawo amandla kaloku thina singakhangesihlale kumdali wethu.
Sibu: Kakuhle kakhulu makhulu, kodwa sithe xa sibuya esikolweni sahlangana namakhwenkwe asithuma icuba, ndabaleka ndathi ekhaya akufunwa ndiliphathe.
Titshala: Niyayazi phofu makwedini ingozi enizifaka kuyo Kuba niqala ukutshaya nje, nizakugqithela kwelandelayo into, ubusela kuba nizakungabinayo imali yokuthenga eli cuba nibe izinto zabantu nizithengise kuba nifuna ukuthenga icuba?
Keli: Awu! Unjani na o'lady uyandibona nje ukuba ndisaxakekile. Ubuza njani ibhasi ibhaliwe?
Keli: Anditsho s'bali kodwa ngubani ozakusinda kulo gawulayo, negama liyazitolika liyagawula. Indawo yesibini noma bethu babe ncokoliswa ngobawo sisithethe sidala.
Sibu: Ukuba angaphila kungafuneka simcenge aye kwezindawo zinceda abantu abafuna ukuyeka iziyobisi kodwa ke nalapho kufanele akhethe ngokwakhe kaloku asinakumnyanzela thina, ukuzikhethela kokwakhe.
Keli: Awu ntanga yintoni enobungozi kulonto akho nicks kakade nje ezizinto zenzelwa ukusetyenziswa ngabantu nje.
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polisa 4: Hayi makangasiwa, masimvalele kuya kutsho ijaji.
polisa: Mayiphakame inkundla!
Deshy: Ngangalala engasoze ilibaleke! Wena wakhula silibele! Mama notata wethu! Sithi makwande apho uthabatha khona.
zizamele: Ndazi yonke into mfo wethu.
speeDo: Uthini na Deshman, uthi isaza kwenziwa eza kumelana nohlobo lweTelstar?
mtshutshisi: Ungubani igama lakho?
Dlamini: (Ebhekisa ebantwini ngokubanzi) Mawethu, maZizi, ndiyinkukhu esikwe umlomo namhlanje. Andazi nokuba mandiqale ngaliphi na ukubulela izinyanya ezenze sadibana apha namhlanje. Abanye baza kuthi izinyanya zingena phi na kwinto yokuzalwa kwalo mntwana. Ngokuqinisekileyo abo babuzayo babuziswa kukungazi. Izinyanya zikufutshane noThixo bantakwethu, zizo ezigqithisela imithandazo yethu kuye. Zizo ke nezenze ukuba sibe sithe nqwadalala apha namhlanje. Ndiza kunikezela kuBhala njengomkhuluwa kum ukuba akhe ayaleze lo mntwana kwabo baphantsi.
zizamele: Kulungile ke bafo bethu. (Bancokola ubusuku bonke bade boyiswa bubuthongo, balala).
VakaDe: Ebhodini uzobile?
(Yintsasa elandelayo, sele zinwenwe okomlilo iindaba zokuswantsulisana kukaDlamini nonyana wakhe.UDlamini ume ngasebuhlanti ulindele amadoda akowabo. Abathe baphumelela ngu-Mthetho, Dlehluza, uVuyo kunye nenkonde yakwa-Bhala. UMaMfene uzisa into eselwayo ngasebuhlanti).
Dlamini: Ndiyamangala Zizi ndiyamangala zange ndiyibone kulo mzi kabawo into yokuphakanyiselwa ubukhali yinzala yakho. Lilumba eli ngokwalapha eMaMpondweni. Lo mntwana uyandoyisa mboneni ukuba nimthini. (Ezigquma ngengubo).
Dlamini: Nyana nazi iincwadi. Ndiyavuya ukuthetha nawe ubuso ngobuso, kodwa nyana uze ungahambi apha ekhaya emva kokuba sifile. Uligcine eli khaya. Nazi iincwadi zomzi, nazi ezemfuyo, nazi iimali esakubekela zona kwezi nkampani, wakugqiba uye kwigqwetha lam eliseMthatha uthi uzifumene ezi mali. Ungawenza ke umsebenzi owuthunywe yinkosi yakho. Ndigqibile mntwan'am. Sibadala akusekho nto siyiphilelayo.
Dlamini: Aniyi kudinwa maZizi kukudumba amaqatha, nimana ukuza kugqubeka kweli khaya. Lo mntwana utsibe ilitye likaPhungela wade watsiba uPhungela ngokwakhe. Ngaphaya kwezolo sifumene ingxelo kuBhede, yokokuba ulwe nale ntwazana kaYekela waza wayikhuphela nebhozo, eliya wayelikhuphele mna.
zizamele: Kulungile Mhlekazi ndiya kwenza njalo.
BheDe: Uyamxolela Nonzwakazi?
Deshy: Uchan'ucwethe. uMdlantsimbi uza kuvuya akuva ukuba simfumene kamsinya umntu wokusincedisa. Zet zilungiselele, ngoMgqibelo siza kukubonisa amarhiwu aluhlaza.
mamfene: Kuthiwa asuka eKapa Zizi, oko babebanjelwe intsangu kumaxa aphumayo omabini loo matshivela.
zizamele: Ndiyabulela ngale nkcazelo, kucacile ukuba niyandithanda. Mna Zizamele Dlamini, ndiyazibophelela ekwenzeni yonke into enithi mandiyenze. Ubutyebi ndibungxamele kakhulu kwaye noqeqesho ndithembisa ukuluphumelela. Ndiyathembisa ukuba andiyi kusasaza nanye into endiyive apha neemfihlelo zalapha ekhaya ziya kuhlala ziyindaba yakwamkhozi.
Vuthuza: Yha! Magents iwile le kheyisi masiceleni iibhotile zokugqibela sizo kuhamba, kaloku uMamas'baby uza kuqhanywa namhlanje lela timer.
zizamele: Ngubani umamas'baby Nam andidli mntwini nale mali ndiyisela apha yimali yam, ela timer lakuthi lithi lalisebenzela ukuba ndifunde, ndinxibe ndinxile ukuze ndonwabe. Mna ndiyinto kaDlamini andidingi nto mna. Ekhaya sinento yonke kwaye eza zinto zasekhaya zezam. Ndim'indlalifa phaya. Ukufa kwelaa nene nelaa nenekazi lakhe yimina ozoshay'isigingci. Uyandiva?
Deshy: Yheyi wena! Mus'ukubuza yonk'into le, usmayili yintloko yomntu, kodwa ke alibizwa elo gama apha.
Deshy: (Ekhokelisa intloko, ekroba ngaphakathi endlwini). Lusekho olu ndwendwe (Emjonga). Khululeka mfo wethu kukowenu nalapha?
speeDo: Iyahamba le moto, uyazi ukuba ndigqiba ikhulu namashumi amahlanu ngeyure?
Deshy: Zet mfo kabawo masikushiye siza kuphinde sikubone. (Baphume). Zet, yihlo, uza kubona izinto ongazange uzibone ngaphambili. Siza kukubonisa le ndlu yethu. Uthi xa uyijongile ikhangeleke ngokungathi yindlu enye kodwa uza kuyibona yonke namhlanje. (Bavula iplanga elisemgangathweni kuvele ileli ebakhokelela kwigumbi elikhulu eliphantsi komhlaba). Uyabona ke zizikhen cezisi ezi. Ezi zikhenkcezisi zinoosmayili. Aba simayili sibathumela kumphathi wethu ohlala kwelaseZimbambwe. Sikwahambisa neziyobisi.
speeDo: Le mali ifumaneka xa kuthengwe amayeza. Aba Smayili baye benziwe amayeza. La mayeza athengiswa kulo lonke eli kwaye abantu abaninzi sele bephumele ebomini. Abanye bazizinhanha, abanye bakwizikhundla eziphezulu emisebenzini, bambi bahamba ngeenqwelo-ntaka. Zonke iintlanga zizala kwaMdlantsimbi Makhosi! Nditsho nabeLungu bambala. Sisebenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, bakhona abamkela imali (receptionists) ndingabala ndithini, kukho nabachazayo izigulo zabantu nezinto ezimbi eziza kubehlela.
Dlehluza: Mandivele nam maZizi, le nto xa inobukhali masiyidlulisele kwaSibonda ayisasilingene ngoku, ilingene uSibonda ukuba uSibonda iyamoyisa ayidlulisele kwabangentla de iyokuqhina emapoliseni.
mDlantsimBi: Ndiwazi kanjengokuba ndizazi. Eli lelokugqibela linceda amathumba, izilonda, inkwethu kunye nezitshanguba. Asikho isizathu sokusebenzela umlungu xa uthwele apha kum. Endaweni yokusebenzela umlungu ungasuka uqeshe abelungu kanje ngokuba ubona apha kwam ukuba akukho hlanga lungekhoyo. Bendisatsho ke nyana bambi ndibathwese ngeposi kodwa ke kufuneka xa ufuna ukuxilongwa ngesipili okanye ufuna ukuthwaliswa ngamakhosi, uthumele isiziba sempahla yakho neerandi ezilishumi. Imali siyamkela nokuba iyidiphozithi kodwa ulumkele ukusikhohlisa. Thina simele ilizwe jikelele nditsho kuza nabemi basephesheya aph'ekhaya. (ehleka) andazi ke nyana nokuba ungakwazi ukundichazela ukuba bendiqale ngeliphi iyeza ndagqibela ngeliphi.
mthetho: (Endleleni). Sekunzima nokohlwaya abantwana kweli xesha likhoyo, kaloku aba bantwana bathi banamalungelo abo.
Dlamini: (Engekahlali naphantsi) Zizi, uThixo mkhulu, kwizinto andenzele zona, kukho endingasoze ndiyilibale, le andenzele yona namhlanje.
mamfene: (Esiya kuye ngemincili efuna ukumanga). Usana lwam! Usana lwam! Dlamini andiphuphi xa unyana wam sele eyindodana engaka!
zizamele: Ndicela ukubuza ukuba ezi ntloko zingaka zezokwenzani na Iphi imizimba yezi ntloko?
speeDo: Kulungile Mhlekazi. Besingobani thina xa sinokungathobeli imithetho yakho Wena wakhula silibele! Mhlekazi. (Baphuma babuye bangene)?
BheDe: Ithini le ngoma ubuyicula?
(Kusemva kwenyanga ezintathu, kufika uSpeedo noDeshy, kusemalanga, ilanga lehlobo lisavakala nangona amathunzi sel'ewile. Bafika babulise kuMdlantsimbi).
zizamele: Ewe mfundisi.
(Lusuku lomngcwabo, iibhokisi zintathu, yimizimba engenantloko, akukho bani waziyo ukuba ziphi. Kungena umphathi-nkqbo oza kuqhuba inkonzo).
speeDo: Masiyeni madoda. Xa indoda ifuna ubutyebi ayilali.
Deshy: Siza kudiliva ezi mpahla kungentsuku zatywala. Loo nto iza kwenza ukuba sihambe sonke xa sisiya eZimbabwe.
zizamele: Andizazi nokuba ndiphi. Ndingathi iphi indlela egodukayo xa ndilapha (kusondela ipolisa elimnyama libamise)?
zizamele: Ndikulungele ukuhamba nanini. Ndiya kuyithobela yonke imithetho yenu.
mthetho: (Emva kokuba ethe wafunda incwadi leyo) Tyhini bafondini! Awufane uvuya mkhuluwa. Zimyoli ezi ndaba ziqulethwe yile ncwadi.
speeDo: Masisebenzise amayeza lawo, kaloku amanye amapolisa asuka athenge amayeza okubamba izaphuli-mthetho. (bazifafaze ngemigutyana, bafafaze nemithwalo yabo) Zet la mapolisa aza kube esibuza ngokuvalwa kwakho amehlo siyakukhulula ke ngoku.
zizamele: Hayi Manene ndakufa nayo le nto. Soze ndiyixelele mntu.
mtshutshisi: Zizamele Dlamini kwinkundla esezantsi ubekwe isityholo sokuba nezixhobo ezibukhali kunye nombayimbayi we- AK 47 ekuthe yakuhlolwa ziingcali kwafumaniseka ukuba yabulala amapolisa amaninzi eBhayi ukanti nebhozo lakho alikho msulwa. Unetyala nokuba akunatyala?
speeDo: UThixo usincedile Deshman ngokusiphathela olwa ndwendwe.
speeDo: Ash! Lo ubesukela abantu ngoku, yithi uyaqhula mfo wethu.
zizamele: Awu! kazi abahlobo bam benzani na eBhayi Kunokuba abandikhumbuli bafile. Bacinga I-dirty game yodwa ndiyabazi ngokuthanda ibhizinisi. (ebona iitekisi eziya eBhayi). Mandikhwele apha ezitekisini noko andisiyiyo intanga yebhasi ngoku. Ubutyebi bam ndiya kubuvalela eBhayi ebhankini, ndibone emandiyenze ngabo. Yheyi! aphi amayeza am, zange ndiwabone ukusukela laa mhla ndasukela ooMthetho ngekrele. Mhlawumbi aduka nje apha ezimpahleni. Ebesefuna nokundiphelela, kunyanzelekile ndiye kuMdlantsimbi. Kutheni maani anyakazela kangaka laa mapolisa apha eNgqushwa Soze ikhona into ayifunayo, avale amazibuko?
inkwenkwe: Ha-hayi tata. (Uvalolungongozangathiligubu).
Bonke: Bayethe Dlamini!
Dlamini: Bendisatsho ke ndisithi sothuswe kwayindlela athetha ngayo nathi. Imeko ebekuyo ke yona ibihlasimlisa umzimba. Bendiqala ukumbona ephulukene nesimilo ngolwa hlobo. Andiphozisanga maseko nditsale inkovane yam ndonda ngalo Dyakalashe, uthe kuqala mandimxolele kodwa nolu xolo kubonakala ukuba lucelwa ngokungakhathali. Hayi ke bethu nam ndithe ngomsindo ndazibona sele ndimtyabula ngesabhokhwe, unge angabaleka waphuma phandle, nam ndamsukela. Andazanga unge uyawa, wathi rhuthu inkabankaba yebhozo. Ndithe xa ndisithi ndiphinda umva kuba ndibona ukuba uza kundihlaba ndawa ngomqolo. Ufike wandiqikiqa ke ezama ukundosela kodwa akadanga andihlabe. Kuthe kunjalo kwakhala inkosikazi yakuthi ibiza abantu. Ndithe makhe ndinibize nani khe sibonisane, ayikho angayihoyanga njengemfuyo, ubuya ngexesha lakhe lokuthanda, akahambi sikolo. Ukuba nithi maZizi mandivume ndiqatyelwe yinkwenkwe yitshoni kule nkundla. Into engasokuze yenzeke kulo kabawo umzi, kukulawulwa ngumntwana. Nam ndamthobela utata wade wayokulala kobandayo. Ndimile maZizi. (Efuthekile).
Vuyo: Mkhuluwa usuku lomngcwabo malube ngomhla weshumi elinesibini apha kuDisemba, izihlobo sakuba sele sizibikele zonke mhlawumbi nonyana wakhe uya kube sele evile xa sinokuwubhengeza nakoonomathotholo lo mphanga.
polisa: Umpu lo wawufumana njani?
polisa 1: Mbopheni madoda izandla neenyawo.
zizamele: (Ekhala) Ndicela uxolo bootata ndenziwe yimeko. (Amnabise amadoda, uMthetho amohlwaye kanobom ezimpundu).
zizamele: Ewe mfundisi ndiyakuva.
Deshy: Sele iza kufika loo mini akusentsuku zatywala. Uza kumbona umqeshi wethu.
zizamele: (Uvalo lwalungathi luza kuphuma ngomlomo). Kulungile Mhlekazi eyona indothusayo ngulaa mbono usentla.
speeDo: Andiyazi siza kukhe siyingcambazise. Siza kubuza nonobangela wokuba ibe lapha. Masiyithengele neempahla ukuze ingacingi ngokuzimela.
Dlehluza: Asinakuyala sonke maZizi. Kwedini sondela uzokufumana isohlwayo esikufaneleyo. (Ebhekisa kuMthetho). Sondela kayise wena usenezigalo thina sesiphelile yile bhulanti.
mDlantsimBi: Bafana bam le mithwalo mayingene kulaa ndlu yeendwendwe.
mamfene: Soze ndikufungise amaHlathi ephelele. Wawukhe wabetha bani wena?
Ngomsindo uzibona sele emtsibela ngenkunzi yempama, le uyibetha kushiyeke iminwe ebusweni. UMaMfene uzama ukunqanda suke uDlamini abe yintw'ibila kuMaMfene. Sisiphithi-phithi endlwini sisankxwe kuwa mathunga, zikomityi, kukhonkotha zinja kufane nje kuyi loo ngxubakaxaka. UDlamini ufane uthe qhunya loo mehlo abomvu ngaphandle sele engathi aza kutaka. UZizamele ubethwe nje wawa isiduli kodwa ngoku sele ebuyele ezingqondweni.
zizamele: Akuyiyo naloo nto mfo wethu, qha bendifuna bayolele bagqibe, ukwenzela bangabi nasikhalazo.
nonzwakazi: Ewe ndizobile misi.
Vuyo: (Emangalisiwe) Utheni Zizi, uzixhela zonke na?
Deshy: Yitsho uphinde Speedo mfo wethu, amabali alaa ndawo makhulu ngeyona ndlela.
Bonke: Bhota nyana.
(Aphinde aqhubeke nentetho yakhe). Le ndawo ahlala kuyo kuthiwa kuseMdlantsimbi, ithiywe ngegama lomphathi wethu uMdlantsimbi Makhosi! Ungabofane uthethe nokuba kukanjani ngomphathi wethu kuba uva kwanto ethethwa ngaye. Ndiqinisekile uyasiva njengokuba sithetha ngegama lakhe nje. Ungabokuyishiya laa ndawo ithi Makhosi! Kuba uqaphela ngolo hlobo xa isithi abathetha ngaye. Yha! Mandivule apha kwezi zikhenkcezisi ubone aba smayili, mhlawumbi ucinga ngeentloko zeegusha xa usiva sithetha ngooSmayili. (Avule iziciko zezikhenkcezisi, kuvele amakhakhayi amane amabini ngawamantombazana amancinane, amabini ngawabantu abangamadoda. Wothuka wabanda akuwaqwalasela la amadoda amakhakhayi, waphawula ukuba ngabantu abaziyo. Olunye ukhakhayi yayilolukaVuthuza olunye ilolukaMqwalaseli. Zange abe nakuthetha wasuka wanengevane, akakwazi nokuhamba. Baye bamcenga ukuba anyamezele uza kuqina, wayephelelwe ngamandla. Eyona nto yamothusayo kakhulu kukubona ogxa bakhe owahlukana nabo ebhasini. Wayengazi kodwa wawubona ngaloo mini umsebenzi oqhutywa ngooDeshy. Nangona kunjalo wanyamezela wabaxelela ooSpeedo ukuba ngoogxa bakhe aba babini awayeze nabo eBhayi. Wayisusa ekuqaleni ingcombolo yokuxabana nezibhongobhiyane ebhasini).
mDlantsimBi: Ndiyaniva ke bantwana bam. (Aphume).
BheDe: Kutheni kuqhubekani apha (Aye ngqo kwabo balwayo). Zizamele kutheni umbethelani lo mntwana (Abanqande). Ndilandeleni yizani e-ofisini, khawulezani maan. (Ebhekisa kwabanye) Nina hlalani phantsi nifunde iincwadi ezi zenu. (Bengena e-ofisini). Nonzwakazi biza usekela nqununu. (Aphume). (Kungena usekela-nqununu nabaphathi bamacandelo). Zititshala nawe sekelanqununu ndinibizela ityala ekufuneka lixoxiwe lasonjululwa. Naba phambi kwenu abanetyala?
mDlantsimBi: (Ehlasimla). Makhosi! Mfo wam ngena kwakulaa ndlu benifikele kuyo undilinde apho ndiyeza. Thabatha la mafutha kaGqoloma uqabe wona ezinyaweni ukuze angakothuki xa ungena.
mqwalaseli: Heyi! Listanile futhi elaa timer. Kucacile ukuba yayiligogotya ela topi. Nale nto yesi sikolo uqhutyelwa kuso ngumdlalo nje uyazi kule mihla akusekho nalo wokutshayela umsebenzi. Andithethi ke ngaba kuthiwa zigradyuwethi zizula nezidanga zazo apha esithubeni. Sifundeleni ke xa kunjalo?
speeDo: (Ebhekisa kuZizamele). Hamba siye emotweni wena. (Nabo bemqhubela endaweni emnyama thsu).
polisa: Inzolo enkundleni.
speeDo: Akufuneki ubone kwanto mfo kabawo, asinakunika iimfihlelo ezingaka siphinde sikuyeke umke nolo lwazi. Singaba sizibulele sihleli.
Dlamini: Ubulawelani lo mntwana Yintoni le wasoloko ukhalisa lo mntwana MaMfene, Uthi yingqongqo yakho kakade le?
Deshy: Sele uza kukwazi nje mfo wethu, akusentsuku zatywala ube sisinhanha.
Gqwetha: Mhlekazi le nkundla iza kuchitha ixesha elide ngento engenamsebenzi. Iinjongo zale nkundla kukufaka ummangalelwa engxakini. Asingomdla wale nkundla ukuphulaphula izityholo ezimana ukongezelelwa ukuze eli tyala liqhubeleke phambili. Umdla wethu kukuva ukuba unetyala na nokuba akanatyala. Okwesibini ke ngoku simameleyo kwisibutha-lizwi samapolisa, sifumana ukuba uthi uza kubabuyisa. Ingaba le nto ithetha ukuba uza kubuyisa iintloko ezi atyholwa ngazo Mhlekazi ungumXhosa khawundiphe apha ke, kutheni ukuze asebenzise isivumelanisi sentloko esingu-"ba" wehlelo lesibini, angasebenzisi u-"zi" wehlelo leshumini Hayi mhlekazi khawucinge enye into hayi obu buvuvu bokuphambana kwalo mfo. (Kuxanjuliswene njalo ngamaqwetha kwada kwafika ixesha lokuphumla okwethutyana kuphindwe kwaqhutywa kulaa ndawo bekushiywe kuyo)?
Deshy: (Engenelela). Umzekelo nanku kuthi, thina sayeka kwibanga lesibini kodwa akukho titshala inokundihleba ngesiNgesi, "ivocab" endinayo ingaphaya kwengqondo.
mthetho: (Emangaliswe yile mincili yomkhuluwa wakhe) Ndivukile mkhuluwa, ndivukile Zizi. Kutheni na Jama waphefumlela phezulu, uleqwa ngabafana?
zizamele: Ubone nje wena Deshman kukude kwasedolophini xa uphaya kulaa lali yethu.
Dlamini: Ndiyakuva Hlathi ndiyakuva Mfene. (Aphume).
Dlamini: Mandiye kuvalela iinkomo ebuhlanti Mfene. (Aphume).
Vuthuza: (Enxilile). Uyabona bafo bethu andiphili ngokukhongozwa mna ndiyaziphilela mna. Futhi mna ndinemali zam.
zizamele: Yho! Andishiyeki tu. Khanitsho ngeempawu enizijongayo xa niphangele Ndizama ukuthi zintoni enizijongayo apha elukhakhayini?
Bhala: Khanime ke mawethu, (ebhekisa kuDlamini) kanene Zizi mingaphi iminyaka yalo mntwana?
Bonke: Siyabulela Mhlekazi, Nkosi yeenkosi! (Baphume baye kuphumla kuba uDeshy noSpeedo babeza kuphinda emsebenzini eBhayi. Bancokola ubusuku bonke kumnandi kumntu wonke. Ngentsasa elandelayo bashiya uZizamele yayilusuku awayeza kuboniswa ngalo umzi wonke ukwenzela ukuba angamane egrangranyelwe zizilo zelo khaya).
zizamele: Ndikuva kakuhle Mhlekazi. Ukusuka kwam apha ndisendleleni eya kubo kwaye ke bandenza into ebuhlungu bandihlutha amalungelo am, bandihlutha ubuntu bam. Mhlekazi, ndiyakudibanisa noBhede.
Nalo ke mawethu ilingana lokubuyisa umoya wobulali. Khanilume nilahla mhlawumbi iyeza liya kubakho lokunyanga iinduma zeli lizwe.
mtsutshisi: Ingaba basaphila?
zizamele: Ningabi sandibopha ngoku, andinakho ukuzimela. Lo mgama sele siwuhambile mde kakhulu.
polisa: Khawutsho gqirha, lo mfo uphanjaniswa yintoni kanye?
Bhala: MaZizi ndihlala ndisiva isimanga, kodwa esi sakwamninawe zange ndasiva.
zizamele: Nam amandla ndiwafumana kuni madoda, akukho nto ndinokuyenza ndindedwa.
speeDo: Phofu uyaqonda ukuba use kuvavanyo olulandela olokugqibela Uyaqonda ukuba uza kuphangela emva kwalo msebenzi uwunikiweyo?
mtshutshisi: Abazali bakho ngoobani?
mDlantsimBi: Esikolweni wawukrele - krele, umele kukwazi iyeza ngalinye kula mayeza, ungodlulwa ndim ngingazange ndiwubone umnyango wesikolo Mandive kuwe ke nyana ukuba ufuna obunjani?
Deshy: Yimalini mfo wethu?
Deshy: Unyanisile nguNzotho lowo, zange abuye. Thina sasindiswa kukubaleka kuba imbumbulu zaphela sisazama ukulichana.
Dlamini: (Evutha ngumsindo). Kwedini utshaya intsangu Usela utywala Uthi imfuyo ihoywa ngubani xa ubuya ngeli xesha Utheni ubulewe Ukuba uyindoda yeli khaya yima etshatshalazeni uqule uligangathe ngoku. (Esiya kuye). Ndithi phakama kwedini, phakama maan?
zizamele: (Ebile elichebetyu). Inene ukuhamba kukubona.
Dlehluza: Hayi maZizi masingabi sanda kuba sesibonisile, ngoku ke masihlabele mgama ilanga liyatshona.
mDlantsimBi: Liyeza lamaMpondo eli, kuthiwa nguVelabahleke. Sisikhafulo esi, xa ufuna kubuye umntu omthandayo nokuba litshipha. Eli ke lona lelokutyeba xa ubhitye kakhulu. Lo mthi ngowamandla, ubanamandla njengeBhubesi nasemfazweni awuchanwa ziimbumbulu. Abanye abantu bakhe bathi ngenxa yokuba bekude bafune ukuthwalela ubutyebi ngeposi. Naleyo iyasebenza indlela kuba kaloku amakhosi ahamba ngamaza omoya. Bambi baye bafune ukuzizela ngokwabo njengawe lo. Sinabantu abaninzi esele sibancedile. Uyabona nawe nyana phandl'apha ngumbo nomxesibe ngabantu abaze kufuna uncedo.
speeDo: Sihamba ngolwesihlanu Mhlekazi, Sifuna khe sizichithe apha ezi ntsuku zine. Ukuqhuba kuyasibetha kuya kulunga sifundise noZet lo ukuze siphumzane sobathathu.
(Kungena uZizamele uyazicenga ukuya esikolweni sele kuza kuphela unyaka, lixesha leemviwo, abafundi bamaxhaphetshu belungiselela iimviwo. UZizamele uhleli kwidesika engasemva uyafunda. Kwidesika yesithathu ukusuka kule inoZizamele kuhleli intwazana egama lingu-Nonzwakazi kuthulekile kuthe cwaka endlwini).
zizamele: (Ethandaza entliziyweni) Bawo uz'ube nam Nkosi. Ndingabhungca njani apha Bawo xa kunje. (Angene esizibeni apho amkelwe zizilo zamanzi. Wathweswa ke nguloo mntu womlambo wabe sele enikwa iingcambu ezathi ngendlela angayaziyo wazibona sele ebizwa nguMdlantsimbi emva kweentsuku ezine ethwasiswa emanzini).
Deshy: Ayilibali siyithanda le nkewu. Iza kusisebenzela. Asinakho ukuyisindisa ekufeni kanti siyisindisela ilize.
Deshy: Phula-phula wena uza kuva. Thina sasinda kuba sasingekho ngaloo mzuzu wokutsha kwezindlu. Safika kanye xa ithungelana, ababulali beyirhangqile bemana besithi makubulawe umthakathi. Ngelo xesha sisuka esikolweni, sifikela kolo sizi. Kwatsha yonke impahla sashiyeka nale iseziqwini kuphela. Kuba kwakusekukho abathi irhamba libulawa nabantwana balo, nathi sasindiswa kukufika kwamapolisa. Sahlupheka ubomi bethu bonke bobuntwana. Zange sifumane mpatho intle nakooNontlalontle, sagqiba ekubeni siziphilele. Sasimana singqiba ukutya ezitalatweni de sacholwa yiNkosi yamakhosi. Awu! Ngumntu ke khona umntwana wakwa-Mdlantsimbi. Sacholwa ngumsebenzi wakwa- Mdlantsimbi ogama lingu-Hlohlesakhe wasithumela eZimbabwe kwiNkosi yethu. Safumana uqeqesho eZimbabwe apho saza sagqiba ekubeni sisebenzele umphathi lowo wethu, owasikhupha ezintwaleni wasifaka ebutyebini. Silapha eBhayi ke ngempangelo.
zizamele: (Elayita umdiza). Unganyebelezeli kuza kuselwa. (Kumana kuthi xum endlwini kuphulwa-phulwe esi sithathu, bemana bethenga inyama yehagu, izibindi, intloko namanqina enkukhu).
iklasi: (Gquzu intsini).
mtshutshisi: Uphando oluthe lwenzeka mayela nommangalelwa lubonisa ukuba akanyulu kwezi zinto ebezibhuda. Kangangokuba nasesibhedlele amapolisa asebenzise isibutha-lizwi, amthabatha xa ebhuda izinto awayezibhuda esandula kubanjwa. Lilonke le nkundla inobungqina obupheleleyo bokuba lo mmangalelwa unezidumbu ezingaba bantu ebebhuda ngabo. Kwaye kufumaniseka ukuba abazali bakhe bafa ngondlela mnyama, kwaye nangoku abhudayo ukhala ngokuba uza kubabuyisa. Kufumaniseka ukuba aba bantu wababulalayo bonke banqunyulwa iintloko. Lilonke le nkundla inabo ubungqina bokuba ziintloko zaba bantu athi uza kuzibuyisa, yiyo le nto eli tyala lidluliselwe kule nkundla, kufumaniseke ukuba linobunzulu. Enye into kukho iifoto ebe zisoloko zikhutshwa ngamapolisa zezi "strangler" ezithathu. Omnye wabo bantu umi phambi kwethu ngalo mzuzu.
Deshy: Ngumsebenzi onjani lo owufunayo?
BheDe: Hayi bethu siphilile Zizi, ikho yona le mikhuhlane kodwa noko ayisilalisanga ngendlu. Nithe ninjani nina Zizi?
speeDo: (Evala imela ebonakala emsizela uZizamele). Masiyiyeke le bharu ntwana. Lusizi lodwa olu.
mDlantsimBi: (Echulumancile). Nifike sele ndiphelelwe kakhulu ngamachiza. Ndiyabulela bantwana bam. Nam andinakho ukuphila ngaphandle kwenu. Ngenani nemithwalo kulaa ndlu yeendwendwe. Ndiyabulela kakhulu bantwana bam. (Athabathe ingxowa yakhe yemali akhuphe isiqingatha sesigidi). Bantwana bam nisebenze ngokuzimisela okukhulu kangangokuba ndiza kunithi chatha ngamawaka amabini ukuze nigalele ipetula.
mamfene: Siya kumenza inkedama ngakumbi lo mntwana. Besesimcingele kakuhle xa sicinga ngokumbekela imali. Masiyiyeke njalo Zizi.
mthetho: Khawume ke Zizi, uthi nguZizamele Uzizamela ntoni?
Deshy: Lumka ke mfo kabawo ungaze uyibalisele nabani na le nto uyibona apha. Mayiphelele apha kuthi sobathathu.
mamfene: (Ephakama esiya kwisigcinizimpahla) Kulungile tata kaZizamele ndolule yiphi ibhulukhwe?
Gqwetha: Mhlekazi kumelwe kuqondwe ukuba ummangalelwa wayengenasizathu na sokuba nezi zixhobo. Okwesibini ummangalelwa waye wagula, waphambana ngenxa yomothuko obangelwe kukubanjwa, alale kwindawo angazange acinge ukuba uya kuze abe kuyo. Esi sityholo sesibini sibubuvuvu kuba akukho mntu waziyo kule nkundla ukuba yena xa enokuphambana angabhuda ngantoni. Mhlekazi apha size ngetyala lokufunyanwa kukaZizamele Dlamini enezixhobo ezingekho mthethweni, hayi ukubhuda kwakhe.
Deshy: Ndinincamile majita xa efrijini kukho noNkomiyahlaba ngokwakhe!
zizamele: Ewe misani, nicime izibane. Iphi ingxowa yoosmayili Kaloku baninzi mandifumane le inkulu. Shiyekani ke bafo bethu. (Athi chu ngendlela esinga kowabo). Awu isembi nangoku indlela kule lali Oonkabi bahleli ekhitshini, bayancokola. Heyi! Ingathi kuthethwa ngam, bathi mandithandazelwe. O-o! mandiqale phaya kwaBhede, ndingene ngokungathi ndiyatyhilizwa, ndingqale ngqo entloko. Nokuba bayakhala andizi kubakhathalela. (Endleleni udibana noBhede esuka ebumelwaneni)?
zizamele: Ndinomdla wokusebenza lo msebenzi futhi ndingatsho ndize nooSmayili nangaphaya emaXhoseni. Kukho oSmayili booBhede phaya abooDlamini, ooMamfene ndibala ntoni na?
Vuyo: Into oyenze izolo kweli khaya linyumnyezi elihlasimlisa umzimba. Andisazi isibindi esingaka ukuba usithathaphi Zange ndiwubone umhlola wokuphakamisela utata wakho okuzalayo isikhali, umzali wakho nguThixo wakho. Sokuze ulingene izulu ungabahloniphanga abazali bakho. Qala ngokubonakalisa imbeko kubo apha ukuze usikeleleke nasemaZulwini nabalele ukufa bakusikelele. Thina ngexesha lobukhwenkwe bethu besisoyika nokusondela endaweni enabantu abadala. Ubuthi xa umoshile ubethwe nangubani na, nokuba akusingomzali wakho. Nceda nyana qweba isimilo. Yahlukana naba Mqwalaseli nalo Vuthuza?
BoBaBini: Hayi Bo! Zet mfo kabawo. (Bamxhawula bevuya, bamqhwabele izandla).
mDlantsimBi: Ubusazi mfo wam ukuba ungowokuqala ukubulala ibhubesi Nditsho nooSpeedo aba zange balufeze olu qeqesho kodwa wena uyandimangalisa ngokuba nesibindi esingaka?
Dlamini: Ezi gusha uthi uqale kuzo zingeniswe ndim ebuhlanti. Ndisenge ndedwa, amathole akhethwe ndim. Kucacile ukuba uZizamele lo yindoda yalapha mna ndiyinkwenkwe yeli khaya. Imini inye yile yanamhlanje kuza kuqhawuka ujingi abantwana bedlala, kuza kuqhawuka unobathana. (Kungena uZizamele).
nonzwakazi: Ubelivulile mfundisi efuna ukundihlaba ngalo.
(Yintsasa yehlobo, kwaDlamini, kungena uMthetho, uDlehluza, uVuyo kunye nenkonde yakwaBhala).
mDlantsimBi: Ungade udomboze mntwan'am. Inkxaso yenu kweli khaya sokuze ilibaleke. Ndathi xa ndigqiba ubugqirha bam eTanzania, ndathandazela ukufumana amatshantliziyo afana nani aba.
BheDe: (encumile) Ndiyakuva Zizi ndiyakuva Dlamini. Ungothuki noko Zizi, akukho nto imbi ngaphandle kwale nto siphathisene ngayo, umntwana. Basiphethe abantwana Dlamini, futhi andazi ukuba esi sizwe siyakuphelelaphi. Unyana wakho akasalubeki kula masango. Ndithi makhe ndiqonde apha kuwe ukuba usiyekile na isikolo okanye sele umtshintshele kwesinye?
mDlantsimBi: Hambani niye kuphumla bantwana bam. Uhambo lwenu lude kumele ukuba nidiniwe. Lo mkhwetha unguZizamele nimele kukumothulela umnqwazi. Ela bhubesi laqwenga laa mfana wakwaNzotho, yena ulibulele ngezandla. Mandithi ulibulele ngezandla kuba isixhobo asisebenzisileyo ngumkhonto.
zizamele: Heyi! Ingathi ndiyelama. Zange ndizibone ezi zinto ndizibona apha mna ndibona nje umkhukhu, andazi ukuba kukho indlu entle kangaka apha ngaphantsi. Inene ukuhamba kukubona.
Kungena uDlamini, ubalisa ngohambo lwasesikolweni. Iyamothusa uMaMfene into yokungahambi sikolo kukanyana wakhe. Kuthi kusenjalo kungene uZizamele evela ebuhlanti. UDlamini umngcambasisa ngendima yesikolo suka aphike yonke loo nto unyana. Eyona nto imenza umsindo uDlamini kukuntlanywa nguZizamele athi usuka esikolweni namhlanje ekubeni yena Dlamini ubesuka etyaleni lakhe esikolweni.
JaJi: Qhuba mfo sizindlebe sonke.
zizamele: (Ekhuza). Yho! Imali engaka anifane nityebile. Ndingayiyekelani mna Nidiliva nini kanti Ndifuna ukubonana noMdlantsimbi uqobo. Uxolo Makhosi?
uDlamini: Ezinye izinto zenzeka ndisemLungwini Hlathi! Yhe! Hlathi khawutsho ke lo wam uza kuthi ufuzile njengokuba mna ndingazange ndenze nakunye ukungcola kule lali Abantu baza kuthi simqeqesha njani lo mntwana xa esifaka kwelinje lona ihlazo. Inene kunyanisiwe xa kusithiwa igugu lingabalikhulu umbombo uyaqosha. Namhlanje sendizisola ngokuzala onje umntwana. Ingaba uThixo undibetha kuba ndimenzeni bethuNdiba akukho nanye kwezeCawe endingayenziyo. Ndizama ngandlela zonke ukumkholisa uThixo kodwa ndifu'ukuthi sisibetho esi?
Bhala: Hayi mfo wam akwenziwa ngolu hlobo.
zizamele: Ndinamashumi amathathu mhlekazi.
Bonke: (Bengena ngaphakathi nemigodlo). Camagu Mhlekazi! Camagu! Wena wakhula silibele!
(Kusentwasahlobo ezilalini eMampondweni, kumzi obonakalayo ukuba ngowesilwangangubo, phantsi kwentaba uMadlebe, kude kufuphi nomlambo iTsitsa, kumi umzi kaDlamini. Ngoku ke sibona uDlamini lo esidla amathambo entloko ngasethangweni lomzi wakhe, kuze kuvakale ukukhonya komqhagi).
speeDo: Ulumke ke Zet ungaphazami nenye into kwizinto oza kuzithunywa yiNkosi yethu. Ndiyakuthemba noko ingathi akulogwala.
speeDo: Ugqibile ke mfo wethu, yeyiphi laa dolophu iphaya ngaphesheya?
zizamele: Ewe Anti sicela ikheyisi yotywala neetwenti ezintathu zeStayivesini. uma'uyanDichaza: (Encuma ngakumbi). Kulungile ke boonyana, (ebanika eyokuqala) nihamba nabo okanye niza kuselela apha?
speeDo: Nihlalela ntoni Zet kwindawo ezinjalo?
speeDo: Uza kuqala ngowuphi umsebenzi kule misebenzi mithathu?
Deshy: Ndicinga ukuba sikhululeke ngomso, siphinde eBhayi.
Dlamini: MaMfene masithandaze mfazi. (Bethandaza). Bawo Somandla silapha thina bantwana bakho. Sinxunguphele ngenxa yonyana wethu owemka nelizwe. Bekungasekho namfuneko yakukuxelela intlungu Bawo. Uyasibona sisentluphekweni, uyasiva isikhalo sethu sifuna uncedo. Awu!Bawo sukubushenxisa ubukho bakho kuthi ngenxa yezono zethu. Siguqulele endleleni yakho kwakhona, usibonise ukhanyo olutsha. Musa ukumela bucala Bawo. Asinabani singathembela kuye Bawo, asinabani onokuguqula isimo sonyana wethu uZizamele ngaphandle kwakho.
Dlamini: Kanene ngunyaka wesingaphi lo uZizamele watshiphayo?
zizamele: He! Majita ndiyakufuna ukuqhuba nam, khe ndilibambe ngokwam ivili.
zizamele: Yho! Nkomiyahlaba yima! Yima Nkobiyahlaba nam ndandithunyiwe Tata, Mama yimani, ndicela uxolo kuqala. (Aphinde aphephe evikela ubuso ngezandla). Yho! Yho! Mama wam yimani, ewe ndenza ngazo ubutyebi. ZikuMtyholi ngokwakhe. Bawo ndixolele, mfundisi ndiza kuza nazo yimani.
zizamele: (ekhala esimantshiyane) Yho - o - mama! Tata ndicela uxolo andisoze ndiphinde, ngu-Vuthuza othe mandiyeke isikolo. UMqwalaseli yena uthe mandifunde ukutshaya icuba. Bathi akukho msebenzi wesikolo tata. Yhoo-o ndiyababona bandikhohlisile tata, ndixolele.
zizamele: Ndithi hambani apha kulo mzi. (Abaswantsulise bagilane ukuya kuphuma ngesango).
Vuyo: Makhe sive kuwe ukuba uthini ngezi zinto.
Dlamini: (Ethetha ehamba) Ewe makabethwe ayalwe nokuyalwa (akhwaze uMaMfene) MaMfene!Mfene! Biza uZizamele apho endlwini.
mphathi: Bazalwana nodade mncinane kakhulu owam umsebenzi, inkqubo kukwazisa nje ukuba ngoobani izithethi zanamhlanje. Ngokwesi sicwangciso-nkqubo sinaso isithethi sasekhaya kubhalwe inkonde yakwaBhala, emva kokususwa ngeculo yikwayala yesikolo kuya kuphakama isithethi sakomkhulu, sithethe ngaba bantu ukuba babeziphethe njani apha ekuhlaleni. Khumbulani bazalwane ukuba namhlanje sizo kufunda iincwadi zaba bantu abazibhale besaphila akukho nto sinokuba sayililela bazalwane kuba okwenzekileyo kuyafana nokudaliweyo. Emva kwesithethi sakomkhulu, siyakuphakamisa ubawo uMthetho athi gqaba-gqaba ngonobangela wokufa kwaba bazalwane. Kukangako ke kwelam icala bazalwane. Yaqhuba ngokuzukileyo inkonzo yazo kuququnjelwa ngumfundisi owathetha eshumayela ngobunjubaqa.
Sibamba ngazibini. Abalele ukufa sithi kubo nanku unyana wenu mthobeleni loo mbethe wentsikelelo ukuze aphile ubomi obude. Ngoku ke mawethu kuza kufuneka sigawule siwarhuqa ixesha limkile imbiza sezilungile makophulwe size kukhululeka.
mthetho: Yhe! mkhuluwa, makhe siyeke ezi nkolelo zakho. Uthe ngubani xa umthiya igama umntwana lowo?
Deshy: Singamisa Zet ngakule venkile?
Bhala: Andizi kuba mde ke mawethu, limkile ilanga.
Emva kwethuba yabuyela emzini wayo inkosikazi kaDlamini. Yathi ifika kwabe sekunguMbo nomXesibe ngabantu abeze kuvuyisana naye kuba ede walizwa ngomntwana. Wayeza kuqala ukuteketisa emva kwamashumi amathathu watshatayo kulo mzi wasemaZizini. Wayesele wahletywa wancanywa, suke watsho ngesigelekeqe senkwenkwe, engumceph'ucandiwe noyise. Itheketheke lenkabi yebhokhwe kwakusele kukudala libotshiwe.
Dlamini: (enqanda inja) Mka Box! Inani na le nja, ayiva (Zimke izinja. Asondele enkwenkweni ngokukhawuleza, afike ayithi chu ngengalo) Azikwenzakalisanga kodwa nyana?
Dlehluza: Akukho nto ifihlakala kuphele, ziseza kuvela iinyani. (Baphume).
zizamele: Owu! Ilula loo nto, siza kufika kumlambo ekuthiwa kuseTsitsa, siwele nje ibhulorho sibe sesijika eBhencuthi, emva kwaseBhencuthi sifika kule ndawo kuthiwa yiNgwemnyama, le lali inobutyebi yile kuthiwa kukuGandana. Nina ndiza kunishiya emotweni. Umsebenzi ndiza kuwenza ndedwa ndiwugqibe. Ndiza kuwenza ngempumelelo kuba andizi kudubula. (Bafika ngase Tsitsa).
zizamele: Ndihlala ndisiva ngembali, namhlanje ndilibonile iyeza lethamsanqa lisebenzana nepolisa. Zange ndiyibone ngaphambili le nto. Ipolisa lisuke layimvuze-mvuze bububele Umsebenzi walo khange liqale ukuwenza?
mDlantsimBi: Bafana bam, kowu! amakhwenkwe amakhulu, seniphinde nabuya?
UZizamele wamana ephuma ejele xa amabanjwa athe anikwa umnyinyiva kuba iimeko zopolitiko zakhokelela ekubeni amabanjwa amane akhululwe phantsi kwemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-ngqawule.
Bhala: Ndiyabulela mninawa. Zizamele ndithetha okokugqibela nawe, ndingumfi njengokuba undibona. Uze uligcine eli khaya. Ndiqinisekile ukuba ngokwesiko lalapha eMaMpondweni ukulungele ukuya entabeni, kwaye kufuneka ufune umfazi wakubuya entabeni, iingxabano zesiko soze zibekho kuba uselungelweni lokuya entabeni ngoku. Uncede mfo wam ungavalwa umzi womninawa wam ukho, undincede mntwanam.
mthetho: Mbambeni ke madoda aze kufumana isohlwayo sakhe.
zizamele: Ndiwenzile umsebenzi majita, nanku uNkomiyahlaba engxoweni.
speeDo: Uze ulumke ke mfo wethu uzazi kakuhle ukuba awukaqiniselwa kusinda emapoliseni njengathi. Usenokubanjwa kule misebenzi uza kuyenza.
Gqirha: Lo mfo into emphambanisayo kukohlulela kwemithambo empompa igazi, ukuya engqondweni. Loo nto yenza ingqondo yakhe yoyisakale kwaye kufuneka incediswe ngamayeza athile ukuze izinze. Akunobalixesha elide enje uza kuphila. (Ngokwenene waphila uZizamele wasezingqondweni, kangangokuba waba selungelweni lokuma enkundleni eziphendulela kwizityholo abekwa zona. Wabanalo nethamsanqa lokukhatshwa lipolisa afune igqwetha eliza kummela kolu zenge-zenge lwetyala. Kungena ijaji).
zizamele: Ndisemazweni bawo, ndifunda ngokuma kwelizwe, Ninjani bawo?
mthetho: Khawubuze Zizi, nam ndisamangalisiwe leli siko litsha asiphathela lona ubhuti. Ngumgidi okanye yimbeleko le size kuyo?
mtshutshisi: Kwesi sithuba makhe sinike ithuba kummangalelwa akhe atyebisele le nkundla ngonobangela wokuba nezixhobo ezinobungozi afunyenwe eziphethe phambi kokuba kuxanjuliswane ngamagqwetha.
Impendulo yethu ayigwebi uKrestu kodwa ibuye isigwebe nathi. La madoda awayephula-phule ngoku kuYesu, awuphendula lo mbuzo. Amgweba uYesu athi "ufanelwe kukufa".(Mateyu 26:66). Kodwa eyona nto ayezigweba ngokwawo. Ngenxa yesenzo sawo ayagwetywa zizo zonke izizukulwana ezivelayo zabantu. Kodwa yena lowo bamgwebayo usafumana ukunqulwa nokudunyiswa nothando nokululanyelwa yinyambalala engenakubalwa yiNkosi nomsindisi wayo. Xa ndigqibezela, khumbula umlandeli kaYesu owayekhathazwa ngamathandabuzo amaninzi kodwa xeshikweni uYesu weza kuye amathandabuzo akhe athi shwaka. Wathi Nkosi yam, noThixo wam! njengoko wayenqula. "(Yohane 20: 26-28) Mayibe yimpendulo yethu nathi leyo." Nithini na nina ngaye uKrestu "Nkosi yam noThixo wam!?
speeDo: Hayi Zet uligorha lokwenene, xa ngoku sele uphumelele uqeqesho olunzima kangaka.
zizamele: Makhosi! Uwagqibile mhlekazi omhle, kodwa ke mhlekazi sinini isingcwabo?
mamfene: (Ethandaza). Bawo waseZulwini, Thixo wezizwe neentlanga, wabiza abangcwele bakho bephuma kwizizwe zonke. Wabavuselela ukuba balandele uKrestu ngentliziyo evulekileyo. Bancama ubomi babo ukuze bancede abagulayo nabasweleyo. Sithi aba Nkosi siziyaleza kuwe. Siyacela ke Bawo, sivuselele ngolangazelelo olungcwele ukuze silandele emkhondweni wabo khon'ukuze nathi sibe ngabangcwele njengabo. Nanku Bawo unyana wethu, ukwasisandla sokusikhokelela kuwe Bawo, menze Bawo awenze ngempumelelo umsebenzi wakhe khona ukuze umxolele Bawo kuba nawe wathi masixolelwe kuba asiyazi into esiyenzayo. Watsho Bawo emnqamlezweni. Yiba nalo nyana wethu Bawo umnike amadla okumelana nelizwe Bawo. Zithi izinto ezimbi azenzayo zibe sisifundo kwisizukulwana esizayo. Konke oku sikucela ngegama lalowo wasifelayo uYesu Krestu, Amen.
mamfene: (Engena kwigumbi elihlala ukutya emangaliswe kukubona unyana wakhe ezenza impuku emgubeni) Sisimanga sezimanga! Zizamele! Uthi ukho nje Ungabuyi nje ulibele yile swekile?
mDlantsimBi: Owu! Ndiphantse ndalibala, singomhla weshumi elinesibini apha kuDisemba.
zizamele: NdinguZizamele Dlamini bhuti. NdingowaseNgwemnyama kwisithili saku- Qumbu.
Dlamini: (Ephakama) Ndikunika iziyalo zokugqibela phambi kokuba wohlwaywe. Mntawan'am ufuna ndikwenzele ntoni Kunini kuthethwa nawe kutheni ungeva nje Iimali zam ziphelile apha ekhaya zibiwa lisela elikwalapha endlwini. Zizamele ndixelele nyana ndiyifihle phi imali yam ukuze ungayiboni Nditsho ngoku ndithethayo mawethu imali engamaR200.00 ayikho uMaMfene uyikhangele wayincama izolo, nanamhlanje yile agoqozayo ayikhangelayo. Ndincede nyana musa ukuwuhlupha umphefumlo wam. Khawufane ucinge xa ubundihlabile ukuba ngekuyini na kweli khaya. Kodwa! Kodwa! Inye into engasoze yenzeke apha ekhaya kukulawulwa nguwe. Kula amane amatye alo mzi kaJama, kaSijadu, uDlamini, uNdlov'idlekhaya ngenxa yokuswela umalusi, akukho mntu unokundilawula de ndiyokungena engcwabeni. Zizamele elakho inxiwa xa ufuna ukumka kulo kabawo umzi. Ezizilizayo mayiphum'iphele emaZizini. (Eya efudumala ngakumbi)?
Deshy: Masiqale sibeke le sele siyifumene ibhizinisi sandule ke ukuqhubeleka nempangelo. (Ebhekisa kuZizamele). Wena shiyeka apha endlwini. (Ambophe).
Deshy: Eliya polisa lizincamile, amanye amapolisa aye alibala kukumisa ezinye iimoto. Ndiqinisekile lize nje kuba kukho wena Zet.
Dlamini: (Esamkela ileta) Ndiyeva ke nyana, thabatha nankuya umphokoqo etafileni ubesele usiza neselwa eliya lisentla kweziko ndikuvubisele.
zizamele: Wayengenokusinda kum lo Nkomiyahlaba, ngoku kufuneka eziya zintathu zisezilalini.
VakaDe: Uza kujongwa ngubani mfundisi Kaloku naloo titshala iza kumjonga iyafana negwetyiweyo?
zizamele: Hayi niyandoyisa ke ngoku. Iphi ke ngoku imfuneko yemfundo Utata usadla ngendeb'endala, xa esayibona imfundo iyinto yokutyebisa umntu. Umntu osebenzela urhulumente akasoze atyebe urhulumente ukunika imali yokuphila kamnandi. Enye into endifuna ukucacelwa yiyo lolu qeqesho enisoloko nithetha ngalo, lunzima kangakanani olu qeqesho lukaMdlantsimbi Makhosi?
Dlamini: Nisuka nicinge ukuba le cawe isinqumle izandla nina. Ndithi lo mntwana uwufundephi lo mkhuba wokweba?
nonzwakazi: Ibisithi "sikhumba touch." (Gquzu indlu) . BheDe: Ubuthetha ukuthini xa usithi"sikhumba touch"?
zizamele: Abanye abantu abafayo ngutitshala uBhede, umama wam uMaMfene, utata wam uDlamini nabanye abantu.
Deshy: Ungubani igama lakho?
zizamele: Yho! Imali engaka. Inene ndiza kusebenza nani ngomso oku kusayo.
mDlantsimBi: Nisebenzile bafana bam. Nikwenza kufutshane kule ndawo yenu yempangelo. (Athabathe ityesi yemali akhuphe amaR200 00.00 abanike).
zizamele: La maxhego akafuni nokuva, athi ngumhlaba wookhokho bawo lowa. Abasoze bawushiye.
zizamele: Hayi andilazi Mhlekazi.
Umntu wokugqibela odibana naye nguMdlantsimbi Makhosi!. Ndiphantse ndalibala into, kukho umntu owakhe wazama ukubhoxa omnye umthengisi wethu wamayeza, lo mthengisi wasijika eso sibhoxi wasenza ibhokhwe.
mamfene: Bamamkele tata lo mntwana?
Bhala: (Ethetha bungxola) Ndaza ndakuva zwindini!Ngamabhongo okanye kukutyeshela amasiko kusini naDlamini ungenwe yintoni mninawa wam Yintoni le nto usibizela yona apha ngoku Oku kuhlala kwenu eGoli kunilahlis'amasiko Yimbeleko eyakhe yaphi le uyenzayo Uyaqala ukuyazi into yokuba kuxhelwa ibhokwe enye xa kusenziwa eli siko?
zizamele: Lilo kanye eli, kulapho babesondliwa khona ababhali bodumo ooA.C. Jordan. Uyabona ke ngoku siyangena eNgwemnyama. Misa mfo wethu khe ndilole eli krele, kaloku mininzi imisebenzi eliza kuyenza namhlanje.
(UZizamele usendleleni eya eBhayi. Simbona engena kwiinkampani ze-inshorensi eMthatha eqokelela zonke ezakhe iimali ezifaka ebhankini).
mamfene: Wamyeka waphuma umntwana wabuza kum?
Dlamini: MaMfene! MaMfene! Uthetha nabani kanjalo?
speeDo: Unyanisile mfo wethu, ngomso masiyeni eMdlantsimbi.
mDlantsimBi: Kulungile ke mfo wam zonke ezi zinto uza kuzifumana. Kuya kulunga siqale ngeli lethamsanqa. Alikho kude, liphaya kanye engxangxasini. Masiye kulo uthe akufika engxangxasini uZizamele, wayalelwa ukuba atsibe kulo ngxangxasi.
mtshutshisi: Ubudala bakho buthini?
Bhala: Uthi akafuni siko lokwaluka kodwa?
mthetho: Siyevana maZizi, noko akukho nto banokuyiphikisa xa ezi zingcwabo zingosuku olunye.
zizamele: Manene ndiyabulela ngokundikhuthaza, nangokundikhathalela kangaka. Ngokwenene niyandithanda noMdlantsimbi ngokwakhe undincomile egameni lenu kuba kungenxa yobukho benu ukuba ndibe nguZizamele okuqeqesho lokugqibela kungoku nje.
mthetho: Nam bethu mandivele ndaleke umsundulo kule nto sele ithethwe ngukayise lo. Nyana yahlukana nokubulala eli xhego lihleli. Kwala mandla okuba lijajulisana nawe liyawaqweba. Musa ukuzibizela amashwa mntwana'am. Seletshilo umfo kabawo wathi umncinane kakhulu ulusana lwayizolo. Singamadoda sibadala, sishiye iingxaki zethu seza kusabela apha kukayise ngenxa yakho. Nale mivumbo siza kukubetha yona iza kuphola kodwa nokuba sekunini laa mazwi siwathetha apha kuwe uya kuze uwakhumbule. Asikushwabuleli, hayi, ungasivi kakubi nyana. Ezi ziyalo sikuyala ngazo zifunele indawo aph'entliziyweni, ukuba kukho into ogula yiyo yitsho ngoku siza kukubalekisa kwagqirha, kwaye ukuba ufuna oosiyazi nalapho asinangxaki. Ndiyaphinda ndithi yahlukana naloo mkhuba wentsangu, yahlukana notywala neepilisi. Into esiyifunayo kuwe kukuhamba isikolo ufunde usebenze uzokuba ngugqirha okanye ititshala. Ndisatshaya.
BheDe: Ibisithini le ngoma?
Deshy: (Eyikhongozela ngomnqwazi aguqe ngamadolo). Siyabulela Mhlekazi, siyabulela Thang'elimkhuma, kunga kungachosi kube hele kumawethu alele ukufa nakuMakhosi eli khaya. Aah! Mhlekazi omhle! Makwande apho uthabatha khona Mhlekazi.
speeDo: Aah! Mdlantsimbi! Mhlekazi! Camagu! Wena wakhula silibele! Wena ubona nakweleentaba! Wena usebenza ngamaza omoya! Ngubani na kakade uMagrazula onjengawe Ngubani na kakade isityebi esodlula wena Besingobani thina xa sinokulahla wena Sithi bayethe Mnxulumanisi weentlanga zonke. Sithi bayethe mphilisi woluntu. Bangaphi na kakade abantu abaphiliswe nguwe Mangaphi na kakade amathwasa athwasiswe nguwe Zingaphi na kakade izityebi ezityebe ngenxa yakho Nazi mhlekazi iingqeqe zakho zikuphathele amathambo eentloko. Zithi dibanisa Mhlekazi ukhuphe amachiza. Sithi xolani zizalwane zamaxhoba, kakade kuf'omnye ukuze kuphil'omnye nantsi Mhlekazi idilivali yethu namhlanje size neshumi lonke?
mamfene: Nam kaloku Zizi ndichaza izinto ebendiziva. Anditsho ukuba ndikholelwa kwezo zinto.
Dlamini: Imfuzo iyegqithisa Mfene, uyazi ooyise babantwana babengumtya nethunga futhi babengathumani manzi ngobusela.
mtshutshisi: Wenza msebenzi mni?
zizamele: (Ethetha yedwa). Ngenene ndiya ekufeni namhlanje. Ndiya kwazi namhlanje ukuba amawethu anam okanye akakho nam. Ndinganikwa umkhonto qha Eli bhubesi lingafa nini ngumkhonto Inene ndim nengcwaba namhlanje (Angene kwisitshitshilili sehlathi apho kunzima nokubeka unyawo ngenxa yengcambu nemithi eshinyeneyo. Uthe xa esetsunguzini yehlathi weva umgqumo owatsho wavaleka iindlebe zombini. Yayiyingonyama uqobo! Kwathi kanti ngethamsanqa lakhe, isukela impunzi yedlula ngesantya esiphezulu. Uzizamele walala phantsi wathi nca, yedlula loo ngonyama. Kuthe kungekudala weva isikhalo sekati eyatsho isithukuthezi ezindlebeni zakhe. Wathi xa ejonga komnye umthi ongaphesheya kwakhe wabona ibhubesi elehla livutha ngumsindo lingqala ngqo kuye. Lamluma engalweni ledlula nenkonyana kwingalo yasekhohlo. Ulandele emva kwalo, wavela bucala walihlaba entliziyweni kanti ulosele. Wavuya ke urheme, nangona waya eyoba kukopha. Wacinga icebo looNompilo mhla babeye kufundisa ngoncedo lokuqala esikolweni kuGandana wazibopha ngebhanti entla kwenxeba latsho lehla izinga lokopha. Wafika waxelela uMdlantsimbi ngebhubesi alibuleleyo)?
(Amhlabe entliziyweni afe, akuba efile anqumle intloko ahambe nayo). Okey! Mandikhawulezise ndigoduke, ndiyeva nje ukuba ilali ixokozela andinangxaki nabo mna ndiphangele ngoku. (Afike uDlamini noMaMfene begqiba ukutya isidlo sangokuhlwa). Ndiyankqonkqoza. (Kuvakala isankxwe sokukhonkotha kwezinja nokukhala kwenkosikazi kaBhede).
mDlantsimBi: Hayi mntwan'am utsho nje wena abenu abazali banondla banikhulisa. Abam abazali soze ndibakhombe kuba bafa ngokunqunyulwa imiqala ngabantu ababeqeshwe ngula mThanzaniya. Mna ndafundiswa ukubulala ndisemncinci ndathi ndakuba mdala ndazikhethela ikhondo endiza kulilandela, ndikhetha kumacandelo angamashumi alithoba ananye.
mDlantsimBi: Nisebenzile bafo bam, uZizamele ndimbonile usebenze ngempumelelo, nangoku abalekayo uNkomiyahlaba ndiyambona. Ndifuna ukuthi mfo wam intle le nto uyenzayo, ukusukela namhlanje ke wohlukane nokubalekana namapolisa. Ngoku ngamapolisa aza kubaleka wena.
Deshy: Heyi! nguye kanye lo, wenze njani mfo wam Usebenzile maan, lo mfo uyakwazi ukufa naye (Eyiqwalasela). Tyhini! Ayinalo noduma olu kuyacaca ukuba ibingalwi ibisoyisa le ngwenya?
speeDo: Yiyeke maan le nkukhu mngan'am. Akusakhumbuli na kusithiwa omnye zesize naye ephila.
zizamele: Ndiyiqonda kakuhle mfo wethu into enokundehlela. Kuya kulunga ndiqale ngomso oku.
Dlamini: Ingaba uthini kanene umthetho wesikolo kulo mba Mh! Kuthiwa ke Zizi xa kunje umelwe ukuba acinywe kwiincwadi zesikolo (kwi-rejista) emva kweentsuku ezilishumi elinesine engasabonakali esikolweni. Le nto ke yenziwa emva kokuba kuthunyelwe emzalini kufunwa ukuqondwa isizathu sokungabikho komntwana esikolweni. Kuyenzeka ke Zizi ngamanye amaxesha kuthi kanti umzali akayazi into yokungahambi sikolo komntwana. Bambi abazali baye bazidine baze kubuza ngenkqubo yomntwana esikolweni. Siyayincoma kakhulu loo nto. Kodwa ke xa engezanga umzali siye simbhalele eze sizokudlan'indlebe njengoko ubona sithe nqwadalala kule ndawo. Khawusityebisele ke Zizi ngezizathu ezibangela ukuba angabonakali uZizamele kula masango?
mthetho: Ndisuke andazi nokuba kunini ngoku, litshone emini namhlanje. Mazizi akuncedi ukugxwal'emswaneni, masizame ukumisa usuku lomngcwabo ukuze aba bantu sibangcwabe ngesithozela sibanike imbeko yobuKrestu ebafaneleyo.
mamfene: Hayi Zizi yomelela ukhaliphe zitsho iziBhalo ezingcwele, yintando kaThixo le. Ayikho into esingayenzanga ukuzama ukumqeqesha. Ndisatsho nangoku ndithi lo mntwana usele umoya ombi kwaba bantwana booDidiza.
speeDo: Kufuneka sihambe nawe ukuze uqiniswe ngulaa magrazula wegqirha, uMdlantsimbi Makhosi!
uma'uyanDichaza: (Eququzela engeva naloo mzimba wakhe). Nali ke necuba, ndinibhasela ke ngezi zimbini iibhotile.
zizamele: Akukho nomnyinyiva na majita anindikhululi nokuba sesikude kangaka?
Dlamini: Uza kuzizamela imfundo, ikamva eliqaqambileyo, azizamele.
uma 'uyanDichaza: (Ngoncumo). Ndinganinceda?
zizamele: Ubani Ndiza kuligqogqa iindlebe namhlanje. UDlamini lo inokuba ucinga ukuba ndiyamoyika kakade Khawuthi ke nditshaye okokugqibela ndiqwebe isibindi ngale ganja (etshaya ngamandla) uyabona ngoku ndinesibindi kakubi ndingabulala nengonyama ngoku. (Sele kungongcwalazi ngoku bayasondela kuGandana yimigudu ukuhamba baqhuba amatakane, baphuma into ngomlomo)?
Dlamini: Hayi Hlathi iinkolelo zizinto zabahedeni. Lo ngumzi wamakholwa, akukho nto ikukukhala kwesikhova apha ngaphandle kwaxa sifuna iimpuku.
zizamele: Idolophu yalapha ikufutshane kangaka kanti?
Deshy: A-aa! Mdlantsimbi! Makhosi! wena wakhula silibele. Nkosi yam izicaka zakho ziphinde zabuya zikuphathele usmayili wegorha laseBhayi, uNkomiyahlaba ngokwakhe.
speeDo: Ulinge uhambe nje siza kukubulala fi namhlanje.(Bamshiya neengxowa ezimbini phambi kwakhe, sibabona bengena kwasemotweni beqhuba umsebenzi).
Ukuba nezixhobo ezingekho mthethweni, yiminyaka emihlanu entolongweni. 2. Ukubulala ngezi zixhobo abantu abangaphezulu kwamashumi amabini kuquka nabazali bakho.
BheDe: Ungubani Ngubani lo umane ezimela Uze ulinge ube ezo pesika?
Deshy: Musa ukungxama mfo kabawo. Kufuneka uqiniswe kuqala, nathi saphumelela uvavanyo olunzima ukuze sibe lapha namhlanje. Sizizityebi thina mfo kabawo, ungasiboni kuba sihlala kweli tyotyombe. Abantu bangasithela nqa xa besibona sinento yonke ngenxa yeefoto qha. Sinemali eninzi gqitha ebhankini.
zizamele: (Sele esitsha zintambo). Ndingadibana naye nini uMdlantsimbi Makhosi!?
ipolisa: Ndithi ngena evenini. (Limgqwabe ngenkunzi yempama, aphuphutheke ukuya evenini. Ahambe naye aye kumncinela kwisikhululo esiseNgqushwa apho amane embhabhisa ngemibuzo, athethe izinto eziphikisanayo ngamanye amaxesha). Yhe! Mhlekazi uthi ezi zixhobo uziphathelani?
mDlantsimBi: Unani nalo mntwana! Uthi lo mThanzaniya, aba bantu wayebaqeshile bandisizela bandiyeka kuba ndiyindodana. Bandithabatha ke bahamba nam, ndiyimveku eneveki enye izelwe. Akukho bomi ndibaziyo, ngaphandle kobu bokusebenza ngokubulala phofu nangoko ndizama ukuphucula isizwe sakowethu. Ndize kwahlukana nomThanzaniya ngemvumelwano. Yiminyaka engamashumi amane egqithileyo ukohlukana kwam naye. Wathi umntaka Ithama, kuba ligama lakhe elo, mandizimele ndingaxhomekeki kuye. Ndaqala ke ndazivulela iziko lokunyanga kweli lakuthi. Ndazifunela abantu bam aba banini. Nani nakuhamba nihambe nizimele kuba umsebenzi niwenza kakuhle. Wandinceda uHlohlesakhe ngokundithumelela nina bafo bam.
Dlamini: Nathi bethu siphilile, asinakude sibhalele ekhaya nangemfeketho sithi xa sisakwazi ukuvuka sizinxibise, sithi siphilile. Ezi zifo zabantu abaphakamileyo zisiphethe Bhele nithi zintoni nithi zi "high high" Hayi ndithi zizifumanele indawo kuthi apha.
mthetho: Unzima mfo wam lowo umcimbi, uphethwe shushu ngabomthetho. Akulalwa apha aquqa ebuyelela amapolisa afuna umenzi weli sikizi.
Dlamini: (Engenakuzibamba yimincili). Hayi uThixo mkhulu ngenene, mkhulu xa enokubuyisa unyana wam. (Akhohlele).
(Endleleni kungena uZizamele, uVuthuza noMqwalaseli. Balinde ibhasi esuka eMt. Frere isinga eBhayi. Sibabona bemi kwigaraji yakwa-Tilayi kwidolophu yaku-Qumbu. Ibhasi sele ikulungele ukuhamba, abafo abakhulu bafike bahlala kwesa situlo singasemva, esi kuthiwa kusekhitshini Kuhlala iintshayi zodwa ke apho. Bafika kwezinye iinkewu ezifana nqwa nabo ngesimilo. Kubekho nkewana ithile exuthe icuba likaZizamele yagqiba yalindela undikho. Uthe xa ethi uvula umlomo, yatsho emhlathini ngenqindi le nkewu, ingamthuki imbonga. OoVuthuza bange bangathelela suka yangumbhodamo ebhasini abantu bekhala abanye bafuna nokuphuma ngeefesitile. Umqhubi ubona ukuba makamise khe kukhutshwe aba balwayo. Sele kungumdudo wamasele ke ngoku. Le nto ingumnqa kooZizamele kuba iyaqaleka kubo. Elalini yabo kulawula bona. Zikhuphe izisongelo ezibi ezi nkewu zasebhasini zathi iza kuqubisana xa kufikwa eBhayi. OoZizamele bagqibe ekubeni bangehli ngexesha elinye. UVuthuza uhle eNjoli, uMqwalaseli uhle kwaZakhele, uZizamele yena wehle eVeeplaas. Kuvakele koomabonakude nakoonomathotholo ukuba kukho abantu ababini abagetyengiweyo, kungena uZizamele ephuku-phukuza ethetha yedwa).
mDlantsimBi: Biza zonke izigogo zize apha mfo wam. UMdlantsimbi wayalela ukuba zihambe noZizamele ziye kuthabatha ibhubesi ehlathini Kwaxhelwa iigusha ke kuvuyiswana nokuphumelela kukaZizamele ekubulaleni kwakhe ibhubesi. Lathi lakuphola inxeba waya kuzingela imfene awayibulala lula.
(UDlamini akakwazi kuzibamba yimincili emva kokuba efunde le ncwadi) Ndiyeva ke nyana, utata wakho ubeye nini emaMpingeni (Ingekaphenduli inkwenkwe) Hayi akunakuyazi loo nto. Phuma ndikukhaphe ke mntwanam, undincede kakhulu ngale ncwadi?
zizamele: (Engathi litshontsho lenkukhu phambi kokhetshe). NdingowakuQumbu boobhuti ndicela uxolo bendingazi ukuba akuhanjwa apha ngeli xesha?
mamfene: Hayi bo!
VakaDe: Enkosi Nqununu mandibulele eli thuba, nanjengotitshala ojongene neklasi yakwa greyidi 8B, kwi-rejista yobukho, uZizamele wagqibela ngolwesiHlanu kwiveki ezimbini ezigqithileyo ukusukela ngoku.
Deshy: Unesibindi ndikuncamile, uya kuba namandla angaphezulu nakuSamsoni wasebhayibhileni. (Bahleke). Masihambe siye kuncokolela kwiimandlalo zethu.
Deshy: Ngomso kufuneka sise idilivali madoda, kaloku iza kude yonakale kwaye umbane umka njalo apha eVeeplaas.
JaJi: Khawutsho ububabulala njani aba bantu?
mDlantsimBi: Khanothule khe sibone. (Bothule imithwalo). Hayi zisemgangathweni oxhomileyo. Kangangokuba le iyacaca ngokwenene ukuba yeyenene elichubekileyo, ikanywe kakuhle (akhombe ekaBhede) Zizamele nyana wam ndifun'ukuthi ukusukela namhlanje wahlukane nokuxhomekeka kwaba bafana. Namhlanje uzimele kuyo yonke into kwaye ubutyebi osoloko ubulangazelela ubufumene, le ntloko yale titshala inexabiso elingaphezulu lee kwezinye kuba yona yeyesifundiswa, lilonke ubuchopho bayo buchubekile. Yona ixabisa kakhulu. Bamba ke mfo wam ugqatso ulufezile (amnike imali) ezinye ezi ke ziza kukunceda xa uqiniswa akuzufumana nto ngazo. Uyihlo ke ndimbonile ekunika ubutyebi bakho. Uze uye esingcwabeni ngalaa mhla, ungoyiki akukho kwapolisa liza kukwenza nto. Ngaloo mini ke udibanise amawenu uchaze ukuba izinto wazinikwa nguyihlo esaphila. Uzithengise zonke ubuye uye kundisebenzela eBhayi. Uyandiva?
Dlamini: Ewe, uBhele uthe ukubuya kwakhe ekliniki makaye esikolweni. Ndimfumene kodwa soze andilibale. Ukuba angaphinde angayi esikolweni ndiya kuqonda ukuba akaphilanga.
Dlamini: Hayi ke ndiyayeka ke Hlathi.(Aphume). (KuseBhayi abafana bakaMdlantsimbi babuya eMdlantsimbi, uZizamele umelwe luxanduva lovavanyo olulolokugqibela).
speeDo: Sifikile ke ngoku ebutyebini. Awu madoda! Lilizwe lobusi namasi eli. i- Telstar yimoto yokuthenjwa awusoze ulale endleleni xa uhamba ngayo.
mamfene: (Eqhwaba). Yhe! Mtwan'asemaMfeneni! Sisimanga sezimanga. Zizamele uthi uphile kakuhle nje Wathi gqi sele undibuza ukutya nje kuxa uvela phi Ziphi incwadi zesikolo?
Deshy: Lumka mfo kabawo asizibizi ngolo hlobo. Sithi ngooSmayili xa sizibiza, aba Smayili ngabokwenza amayeza. La mayeza anceda kuyo yonke into edibaniselene nomntu. Ukuba ufuna ubutyebi uyancedakala, ithamsanqa, isidima, iyeza lamapolisa, ndingabala litshone ilanga. Yonela nje xa ndisithi anceda yonke into. Ndingakwenzela umzekelo ngathi, asizange sayibona intolongo okoko sathi saqala lo msebenzi. Amapolisa asibaleka sisavela. Singophuncuka bemphethe, oosinda bemrhawula.
mamfene: Owu! Tata kaZizamele ndingaba sayazi ngoku njengokuba ndilibala Kangaka nje. Ndicela undikhangelele Ziz'elihle.
VakaDe: Uxolo mfundisi ndicela bangabuzwa kwanto okwangoku de ndibuye ndisaya kuthulisa kulaa klasi bafundela kuyo. (Aphume abuye ngokukhawuleza).
speeDo: Nyamenzela mfo kabawo, bulela mna namawenu kuba nawe ngesele ulapha.
umqwalaseli: Masihlale kwesi situlo madoda.
mamfene: (Ekhala) Hay nqandani yho! naba abantu bebulalana. (Kuthi wayi-wayi ngabantu abeva isikhalo bafika uDlamini ejajulisana nonyana wakhe othe akuphuncuka kweso sabhokhwe wavula inkaba-nkaba yebhozo wonda ngoyise uDlamini nanko efutha exel'irhamba ebaleka ukufa. Abantu bafike bazama ukuvalela uDlamini endlwini, nantso inkunzi yenkwenkwe iphuma ngesango).
zizamele: Niyabona ke ndisebenza ngexesha. Inkosi yam endiyisebenzelayo ithi la makhakhayi enu mandize nawo, kufuneka ndiwaboleke kodwa ke qalani nithandaze, ndininika imizuzu esixhenxhe kuphela umntu athethe noThixo wakhe, okwesibini kungabikho umntu ukhalayo kuba loo nto ingenza ndinibulale ningekathandazi. Ndagqibela ningamaKrestu, anisoze noyike kufa. Wena tata khangela iincwadi zelifa emva koko uze nazo zonke izinto ezilunge nam.
mamfene: (Ngomsindo) Nisuka nibe nje ke nina madoda. Kutheni ungaqale ubuze nje usuke uyazi into ungayibuzanga. Ndim ke oweva inimba ngalo mntwana. Eli sela lakho ndilithuma iswekile lihlale lingabuyi kanti kuloko likhuma ukutya kwam apha. Ndifika evele ngeenyawo kwixamba leswekile.
zizamele: Mh! Kwakutheni?
zizamele: Eh! Ndisuke ndingazi nokuba ndiqale ngaphi xa ndichuba le mbali yam. Ndizalwa ngutata uDlamini nomama uMaMfene. Ndikhule ndithandwa kakhulu ngabazali bam, bendithengela yonke into endiyifunayo. Andinamntwana ondalelelayo ndim ndedwa ekhaya. Kuthe ekuhambeni kwexesha ndazibona sele ndiyinyoka nesele nabazali bam. Bendisithi nokuba ndone kancinane, bandihlanganyele abazali bam. Ndikhumbula kakuhle mhla babendibethela ukuba iswekile, ndandingathi ndibe into enkulu. Eyona nto yabangela ukuba ndibe lilifa lentonga yaba yimfuyo. Kwakufuneka ukuba ndivuke ngonyezi ndisenge ishumi elinethoba lonke leenkomo. Kwakufuneka ndivuke ndiye esikolweni yonke le mihla. Akukho nto ndandiyicaphukela njengokunyanzelwa ngesikolo. Abazali bam babengafuni nokuva besithi bafuna ndiye esikolweni ukuze ndifunde de ndiyityekeze. Ndizixelela apha kum ngaphakathi ukuba akunyanzelekanga ukuba ufunde ukuze ume kakuhle apha ebomini. Aba bantu basinyanzelisa ngesikolo, zange baphumelele nebanga eli lesihlanu. Umama notata basiyeka isikolo kwibanga lesine. Isikolo sasindiphosanisa nolonwabo, ithuba lokudlala amadayisi lalilincinane kakhulu, xa ndiqale esikolweni. Ndandingalifumani ithuba lokutshaya umya, ithuba lokusela lalingekho. Ndagqiba ekubeni ndisiyeke isikolo kube kanye, nabahlobo bam bandicebisa njalo. Ndaxelwa ngutitshalakazi uVakade ukuba isikolo andisihambi. Bayithabathela phezulu ke loo nto, babengandibethi babendibuza imvelaphi. Yaba nzima ke eyokubethwa nangabaninawa nabakhuluwa bakatata. Ndandibolile yimivumbo, ooBhede babezifikisela apha kum. (Ethe fixi). Inene iya kuze idibane nokuba kunini ndakuze ndiziphindezele!
speeDo: Ngulo mlambo uthi liTsitsa lo?
Inkwenkwe: Kulungile tatomkhulu.
speeDo: Kulungile Mhlekazi, siyabulela kakhulu.
JaJi: Khawutsho ke ezi ntloko benizenzani?
(KukwaDlamini emva komngcwabo, amaZizi ahlanganisene kuxoxwa umcimbi kaZizamele welifa).
zizamele: Mhlekazi ndilusizi ukuxela ukuba ixhoba bendilinqumla intloko ndisebenzise imela kunye nombayimbayi. Abazali bam bona ndathi mabaqale bathandaze emva koko ndababulala. Yonke le nto sele ndiyicelela uxolo kuba umTyholi wandeza isibhoxi esinguzwilakhe kwasekuzalweni kwam wandilawula ubomi bam bonke. Ngokwenene sibabona ngezenzo aba babini kuba abazali bam babendicingela okuhle kodwa, de bayokungena emangcwabeni besithi mandijike kwindlela endiziphethe ngayo. Inene uSathana akanamandla kuba ngoku undishiye enyanyeni. Lutsha olulapha kule nkundla fundani lutho kwizinto ezikumila kunje, azikusi ndawo kuba ndimi apha nje ndililifa lentolongo. Ndimile Mhlekazi.
polisa 1: Makasiwe eBhofolo kuqala, kujongwe imeko yempilo yakhe.
zizamele: Ndicela uxolo tata. Yhini! Zizi ndicela ungandiphathi. Ndixakekile aph'engqondweni ndiyacela o-o-yhini tata! Ungandiphathi tu tata undincede.
Deshy: Ufuna ntoni apha?
BheDe: Nam ndikwelo lakho kodwa umthetho wesikolo kule mihla uthi uswazi malungasetyenziswa, sikhona isigwebo esimfaneleyo. Yonke imihla uvuka ekuseni ulime le gadi yesikolo ngomhlakulo wakugqiba utyale imbewu yoonomnqatha. Uyandiva?
kundazi. Asihlangananga yimbali (esondela kuye ngelizama ukumbamba, atsho owenkawu uZizamele egqiba indlu yonke ekhala de uMaMfene ambambe amfike kanobom ngozipho) Selandini! Zange libekho kulo mzi isela Zizamele!
speeDo: Amawenu akungqongile mfo wethu, inene undisindile.
(Zihambe okombane iindaba zokusweleka kukaNkomiyahlaba. OoDeshy nooSpeedo bade bayokuthabatha iifoto kuloo ndawo yentlekele njengeentatheli ezaziwayo zephepha elingenagama. Amapolisa athi bhazalala kwade kwakho nebhaso lama R250 000.00 elinikukhokelela ekubanjweni komenzi wesikizi kodwa nangoku abazange bamfumane, kuthe kanti azigqibelanga iziganeko ezilolu hlobo, kuba kwangcwatywa ipolisa emva kwelinye. Ngoku abafana abakhulu basendleleni eya eMdlantsimbi. Indlu bayishiye yodwa kuba kaloku akungeni nepolisa kweyabo indlu).
Deshy: Iphele kweliphi ibanga esikolweni?
Deshy: Wangena ngathi uyaleqwa mfo kabawo, kwenze njani?
speeDo: Nathi bawo asinako ukulilibala ithamsanqa owasenzela lona lokusithatha sihluphekile. Akusavakali nezo mini zobunzima kangangenyhweba esikuyo ngoku.
zizamele: Ndicela uxolo mfundisi ibhozo lingene ngemphazamo engxoweni yeencwadi. Andiphathi bhozo umthetho wam.
Deshy: Kufuneka sisebenze kusemnyama mfo wethu khawulezisa. Ngubani ixesha ngoku.?
Vuyo: Yitsho uphinde mfo kabawo ungabona sele ubanjwa ngoku kusithiwa wenze"ichildabuse" emntwaneni. (Bayohlukana) Hayi kulungile mfo kabawo siya kubonana ediphini ngomso malunga nolwaa hambo lwethu. (Aphume).
Vuyo: Uncedile ufike mfo wam, besiza kuxakwa nokuba sithini. Kaloku umzi zange ushiywe wodwa. Siyavuya xa ukho, sibulela nale uyenzileyo yale mpahla engaka yalo msebenzi, kucacile noko ukuba ubunganenkathalo xa uhlala apha ekhaya, phi ke mfo wam imisebenzi yahlula abantu bezalana.
Dlamini: Andikhange ndilale kakuhle Mfene. Ndiphuphe kakubi kakhulu ngobu busuku budlulileyo. Ingathi kusebumnyameni, kuyangcwatywa kumnyama kunjalo. Emva koko kungene isibhadlalala semvuselelo emva kwalo mvuselelo ibe ngumlindo. Imizimba yethu ngathi izele ziimbovane. Kuthi kunjalo suka sivuleke isibhakabhaka, bavele abefundisi bokwenene, abasindiswayo bedumisa. Sisuke nathi sihlangatyezwe ziingelosi zamazulu zisithi wambu ngaloo maphiko azo. Ndithe xa ndisekobo bumnandi bobo bomi obungunaphakade, suka ndabona unyana ethetha neNkosi athi uyayisebenzela esithi "Nkosi ndenze ngokomyalelo wakho". Kuthe kusenjalo ndothuka.
Dlamini: (ebile ingathi uthena ikati) Inene uza kubazi abantw'aba (ephuncula esabhokhweni watsho owenkawu ukuya phandle. Kusa kwintsantsa elandelandelayo eqhane kunzima nokuhamba. Yile mini inye apho uDlamini avukela esikolweni achazele inqununu ukuba makangacinywa ezincwadini uyilungisile yonke laa ngxaki futhi ngaphandle kwebhokhwe. Kuthe kanti isikolo usihambe iiveki ezimbini simfundise waphuma emagqabimi uZizamele. Amarhumsha aseKapa amkhulule kumakhamandela emfuyo, esikolo, okubethwa nguyise. Inkwenkwe enkulu inomfanekiso-ngqondweni wayo sele ingumphangeli inxiba into eyithandayo. Zonke ezi mfundiso zingendawo zimngena ngexesha elililo kuba yinto ebesoloko ejikajikana nayo le imihla nezolo esoloko ecinga indlela yokuphuncula kula makhamandela, ngabula yena. Kungena uDlamini evela esikolweni.
Dlamini: Thula ke khehle. (Atsho eyisondeza kuye buyigona). Azinakubasakutya ngoku, thoba izibilini. Ubuthetha ke nyana?
zizamele: (ngemincili) Sele ingathi ayifiki le mini, nokuba bekusithiwa kuhanjwa ngomso bendingenakukhalaza. Into endiyifunayo ngumsebenzi nobutyebi qha.
BheDe: Hayi masingagabadeli ukucinga, nokwenza siza kubhideka. (Ebhekisa kuZizamele) Zizamele! cela uxolo kuNonzwakazi.
mamfene: Ndixakiwe nam ngoku Zizi. Bendicinga ukuba elaa cebo likatitshala omkhulu liza kusebenza. Ingathi selefuna ukutsiba ilitye likaphungela ngoku.
Dlamini: Zizamele, ngubani okufundise ubusela Yiza kum ndize kubonisa abantu. (emayama kakhulu) Uze uphinde ndakubethela ugqirha nezicaka. (Aphume ekhala uZizamele, ajikele kuMaMfene) MaMfene lo mntwana uwufundiswe ngubani lo mkhwa wobusela?
Dlamini: (Ezisula iinyembezi). Ndenziwa yintlungu Mfene, yintlungu yenzala yam. UThixo senga wayengandinikanga kwalo mntwana.
(Kuzizijwili kwaDlamini sisihelegu sokufa kukaDlamini noMamfene notitshala uBhede. Sibona amaZizi ehlanganisana ngalo mphanga).
speeDo: Yima ke mfo wethu, intlawulo ihamba ngolu hlobo, mandenze umzekelo ngaba Smayili balapha. USmayili ngamnye apha uxabisa amaR50 000.00.UDeshy abakhe babini. Loo nto yenza ama-R200 000.00.
BheDe: Phumani! (Baphume).
(KukuQumbu kwilali yakuGandana, kuhleli uDlamini kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, bayancokola).
Ndibulela ngongazenzisiyo kutata wam uMeyi, Ngangaye nomama wam uMaMbanjwa Notununu abathe bandifundisa ebunzimeni de nam ndangumntu.
Bhala: Kuyavakala Dlamini, ngenene abantwana bethu balihlazo. Basipheth'imbengwane. Andimazi ukuba uThixo usandigcineleni kuba iintanga zam sezayinabela kudala ingubo kaqaqaqa. Oobawo babekhe bazithethe ezi zinto sisengamakhwenkwana adlala umdongwe. Babesithi kuza ixesha apho intombi iza kukrwitsha unina, unyana akhame uyise. Bathi kukho ixesha apho kuza kubakho izifo ezinganyangekiyo. Bathi abafundileyo kuya kube kulixesha lokuza kuka-Yesu. Asimazi ke thina nalo Yesu. Makhe ndibuze ke Zizi uyamangala ngokusibiza kulo mzi kabawo?
zizamele: Masilaleni madoda, ngomso ikwalolunye uhambo olude. (OoDeshy balele obentlombe kodwa uZizamele kuse ethe qwa ecinga amazwi kanina noyise). Bawo kanti mna ndiphangelela ntoni xa ndingazukufumana mali ngezi zimbini Phofu akunamsebezi kuza kulunga, ndakutsho ndifumane onke amalungelo am kuMdlantsimbi Makhosi! He! Madoda sekusile, mandibavuse bahlambe. Deshman!, Speedo, vukani majita kusile kukude eMdlantsimbi?
Bhala: Madoda! izinto zihla sijongile, xa namhlanje sele uyindoda engaka mfo wam. Zizamele nyana, le minyaka ingaka utshiphe phi?
mamfene: Amen, owu! Yini ukuthandaza kubuhlungu kangaka Dlamini?
zizamele: Ndicela undixolele Nonzwakazi.
mamfene: Baziwa ndim Zizi, ngabaya bakhe bahlala iminyaka ngenxa yobusela bemoto. UMamQoco inkosikazi kaDidiza waba nesifo sentliziyo ngenxa yezinto ezenziwa ngumyeni wakhe. UMakhanda-khanda yena uhamba ngesitulo esinamavili (wheelchair) ngenxa yengozi yemoto awayifumana mhla babesukelwa ngamapolisa bebaleka necuba labaThwa. Besingalindela ntoni ke koonyana babo?
Deshy: Kangangokuba esoyika lo mfana kunganzima nokusibuza awethu amagama. Lo uthethayo nguDeshy lowa nguSpeedo. Sobabini siphuma kwaZulu-Natala. Into eyasibeka kulo msebenzi yindlala kunye nezixholo-xholo ezasuba imiphefumlo yabazali bethu. Abazali bethu sobabini bafa kabuhlungu bafa kabuhlungu bafa sibajongile. Batshela endlwini, batsha baluthuthu sibajongile.
zizamele: Ngokwenene ndiyazisola (alile) umTyholi nguMdlantsimbi kuba amagunya okwenza izinto ezimbi besiwafumana kuye eMdlantsimbi. Mhlekazi ndicela ukunganabi kulo mcimbi kaMdlantsimbi. Yamkelani nje xa ndisithi uMdlantsimbi nguSathana nam ngokwam ndimsebenzele uSathana, kodwa ngoku inyaniso iyayogquma inkohliso okanye ubuxoki.
Dlamini: Ndiza kunxiba leya yekrimplina nantsi inkulu apha emazantsi ungazihluphi ngayo wena Mfene. Ayifuni kolulwa, le bhulukhwe ndandiyithanda kwasemsebenzini kuba yayingandisokolosi ngokolulwa, ungasuka undolulele ihempe leya ndandibuye nayo kule joyini yam yokugqibela.
mamfene: Inokuba ufumene umoya ombi kwaba ngantweni bango-Mqwalaseli noVuthuza.
zizamele: Uxolo mfundisi, uNonzwakazi ubecula ekwekwa mna, ngalaa nto yokubethwa kwam ekhaya, ukuqwela ude wayizoba ebhodini le ngoma ebeyicula. Eklasini bekuhlekwa ehlekisa ngam phambi kwabanye abantwana.
Dlamini: (Ebuchasela) Ukuba uyimpundulu caca kwangoku. Ukuba unguSathana uza kutsib'ingcingo ngoku. Phum'uphela emz'inam okanye uthobele imithetho yeli khaya. (Esondela ngesabhokhwe esisegumbini aze angqale kuZizamele ambhule engakhathali nokuba umbetha ndawoni).
mDlantsimBi: Ngumsebenzi ongakanani lo nindiphathele wona bantwana bam?
zizamele: (Uthe esaqala ukuthetha, amehlo abe ezele ziinyembezi). Bahlekazi nenkundla iphela ndiyalibulela eli thuba ndilifumanayo lokuba khe ndiphefumle mayela nezi zixhobo nizifumene kum. Ndiziva ndinesazela kwaye ndinamaphupha amabi abangelwa ngamaxhoba athe abulawa zizixhobo enizifumene kum. Ndilusizi kukuxela kule nkundla ukuba ngamashumi amabini amapolisa endawabulalayo.
speeDo: Wena wakhula silibele! Bayethe ngangalal'esilo sakulo Ithama! Ngesiyintoni ngaphandle kwakho Mhlekazi!
Dlamini: Uboya bam abulali lolu nyawo lwale nkwenkwe. Ingaba bethu lo mntwana ndimkhohlakalele mhlawumbi andikwazi kuqeqesha?
zizamele: Molweni! endlwini.
Deshy: Unyanisile ntanga, indwebile laa ntwana, yondlekile. Iza kungena lula kwesi sethu isikolo.
BheDe: Ubelivulile Zizamele ufuna ukubanjwa Uyaqonda phofu ukuba uswazi alusetyenziswa kule mihla?
zizamele: (Ngembekokazi enkulu) Bhotani bootata!
aBantu: Hayi bo! Emncinci kangaka. Kwakutheni (Kungxolwe)?
mamfene: Ndiyayibona ke ngoku Zizi (eyolula lo gama uZizi esakhetha amathole).
speeDo: (Ebona ukuba uZizamele akakhululekanga ncam). Sele uwufumene ke umsebenzi. Musa ukoyika sele usindile akukho kwanto ulelinye lamalungu ethu.
Dlamini: Ndiyabulela Bhele eli cebiso lakho, futhi ndilamkela ngezishushu izandla ndiza kuzama ukuyilungisa ngaphandle kwebhokhwe le meko (aphume).
Deshy: Ungade ubulele thina mfo kabawo, bulela amawenu akusindisileyo.
zizamele: Kulungile Mhlekazi Makhosi! (Wathi engena nje uZizamele wabe evutha ngumsindo xa esiva ivumba elimnandi lamafutha akhe. Wahlala ke uZizamele isithuba esingangeyure. Ugqoloma weza kuye wamkhotha wonke ngolo lwimi lusixwexwe, kodwa akamenza nto. Wathi akugqiba wazibhijela kuZizamele. Wangena uMdlantsimbi xa sele ezisombulula).
speeDo: Sikhumbule e Zimbabwe mhlekazi, kwinkomfa yeentatheli zonke ze-Afrika. Iintatheli zawo onke amaphephandaba ziya kube zitshila kwesa sixeko sase-Wankie. Enye into etsala umdla weentatheli, kukuzalwa kwesi silwanyana kuthiwa yi-Hebra.
Deshy: Kusadliwa ngendeb'endala kwezinye iindawo ndifung'uma! Urhulumente makabone icebo.
BheDe: Khawutsho ke Zizamele wathini ukuze uyidibanise nawe yonke le nto?
polisa: Nibuya nini ke ngoku?
speeDo: Unyanisile Deshy mfo kabawo, sihlala ngokuzithandela kulo mkhukhu. Mna ndinendlu eseMagxaki, ixabisa ama-R200 000.00. Andinangxaki kangangokuba andihlali nokuhlala kuloo ndlu ndiyaqashisa ngayo. Andisathethi ke ngemali esebhankini ingaphaya kwengqondo. UDeshy lo uphambi kwakho unendlu ephaya edolophini iqashwe nguRhulumente. Imali ayifumana ngalaa ndlu ngama-R8 000.00 ngenyanga. Andikazibali iiFlethi eziphaya ngaseKing's Beach ezijongene nabakhenkethi abasuka phesheya kweelwandle. Ndingasuka ndithi nalo siwenzayo umsebenzi sesisenzela nje uMphathi wethu. Imali yona ithi tata kuthi.
Dlehluza: MaZizi akukho kwaphulana ngakuthetha namhlanje kuba izinto zicalanye. UDlamini uwenze lula lo msebenzi ngokulibhala phantsi ilifa lakhe kambe ke unonyana omnye kuphela lo unguZizamele. Akukho mpikiswano kuba uZizamele akaphikisani namntu ngelifa lakhe. Namhlanje siyamkhulula ukuba angaya kwabomthetho ukuze afumane onke amalungelo akhe. Imali, imfuyo nomzi ngokubanzi. Ingavela enye indoda yaleke umsundulo.
Deshy: Si! Ubusuku buyakhawuleza, sekusile ngoku.
zizamele: Ndiyabulela boobawo ngayo yonke le nto nindixelela yona ibalulekile kodwa ndinento endifuna ukuyilungisa apha kuni. Le yokuhlala apha ndigcine lo mzi. Boobawo ukuya entabeni andiqinisekanga nokuba ndakuya na, ukuzeka andiqinisekanga nangaleyo into. Le yokuhlala apha ndigade imfuyo soze ndiyingene. Khumbulani ukuba ndingumsebenzi eBhayi soze ndikwazi ukujongana nekhaya elilapha kwaye soze ndiqashe kuba abantu abaqashiweyo bayeba. Ndivumeleni ukuba kulo mzi wam, ndithi ngumzi wam kuba namhlanje nindikhululela yonke into. Ndivumeleni ndithengise kwanto ukuze ndikwazi ukuhamba. Okokuqala andinakukwazi ukulandela emva kwemfuyo iimini ezi, ndixakeke ngeyona ndlela. Khona nithi yiyo le niyenzayo yokuvalela ubutyebi ebuhlanti Nakugqiba nizivalele endlwini. Nakuvala endlwini, nicime isibane. Ukugqiba kwenu nizogqume ngeengubo. Nakugqiba ukuzogquma nicimele. Soze ndiyenze loo nto mna ndizakuqala ukuzithengisa ngomso oku ezi nkomo kwanto ethi mna ndiyayithengisa. Ndimile?
Dlamini: (Esavutha ngumsindo) Ndixakwa yimfuyo iimini ezi ndithi ndisezigusheni ndibe ndisezinkomeni wena uzula aph'esithubeni. Ungatsho nje ukuba uyindoda mna ndiyinkwenkwe yeli khaya Mna kwedini mandibe sisiputsu sakho ndinyuke ndisihla kanti ndibilela amampunge MaMfene yiza nebhunguza lam phaya?
zizamele: (Ethetha yedwa engcangcazela yingqele exube nentaka, ibhulukhwe le inomjelo ngaphantsi apha). Inene ukuhamba kukubona. UThixo ngowokudunyiswa. Zange ndisibone esinje isimanga. Ootsotsi babekhe basindisa bani Le imini ndiya kuze ndiyibalisele nabazukulwana bam. Ndijike phezu kwengcwaba namhlanje, futhi ndisephantsi kwelo lifu limnyama nangoku. Zinantoni zona ezi ngxowa ziphambi kwam Zisuke zanesithunzi oku kwazo. Inene ukuhamba kukubona. La wotshi iseludongeni ithi yintsimbi yesibini. He-Mh! (Kungena uSpeedo noDeshy bangena nezinye iingxowa)?
zizamele: Mama kuph'ukutya Ndilambile phaka?
mthetho: (Enomdla kule ncoko) Khawude uphum'egusheni kaloku Zizi. Utheni na, ufumen'isihlalo esiphezulu ecaweni?
Le ncwadi ndiyinikezela kubantwana bam u-Olwethu, uLindokuhle, uKamvelihle kunye nomama wabo uNophelo owayesaya kuba nguXoliswa Ntilini.
zizamele: (Ekhala emana ebeka izandla ebusweni). Yho! Yho! Yho! Ndixolele bawo soze ndiphinde. Ndenziwa nguSathana bawo. (Asuke amadlu amapolisa, exakwe nokuba makathini).
mamfene: Ukuba ubuyile uZizamele athini Soze Zizi, lo mthandazo ubuwuthandaza awuhambelani nale nto oyicingayo?
zizamele: Ndifuna umsebenzi bhuti.
mDlantsimBi: Nikwenza kufutshane kule ndawo bafana bam.
zizamele: Utata nguDlamini, umama nguMaMfene.
Vuyo: Kowu! Usibulele isikolo loo mfazi, lo uthengisela abantwana besikolo utywala?
makhwenkwe. (Emva kokuba uDlamini ekhethe eyona bhokhwe iza kwenza isiko, babuyela endlwini bonke).
Dlamini: Inene makathenge umadubula uza kubola yintonga ndifunga amaZizi ephelele. Mna andizange ndizifumane ngabusuku ezi zinto ndinazo. Kunyanisiwe xa kuthiwa inkqayi ingena ngeentlontlo. La masela sele esixakile ngoku ayeqale kwezi swekile (aphume enomsindo).
mamfene: Tyhini! yindoda enjani le ilityutyusi Khawuthi ke ndiyokuvula ngokwam?
Dlamini: (Ethetha yedwa) Ingaba yintoni bethu le yenza ukuba lo mqhagi uzikhame, ukhonya emini ilanga libalele, akukho mhlola uza kwehla kusini na Phofu ke ndidla ngokuva besithi sisikhukukazi into eza nomhlola. Khona ibingumhlola ongabe undileqa ngantoni ndingazange ndone mntu nje. (Uphazanyiswa kukuxokozela kwenja, aye ngakweli cala zitsho ngakulo, ngeliya kuzinqanda). Hamba Box! Vityo! Inani na le nja! Mka?
Imali yam emke nayo. Uyithathe yonke Yini! khona (emana ethwala izandla entloko) engaka imali. Ndicela nindibeke endleleni mawethu ningandoyiki nindibuzele kuThixo ukuba undohlwaya kuba ndenze buphi na ubugwenxa. Lo mntwana ndamfumana ebudaleni bam sele ndincamile, ndambekela iimali zeinshorensi kwasebufaneni bam ndingekazi nokuba andizi kufumana bantwana. Ndithi ndakwaluphala ndilizwe ngoSathana onomsila. Iinjongo zam eziphezulu ngalo mntwana ziya zixel'ithamsanqa. Inene, kunyanisiwe xa kusithiwa umthathi uyawuzala umlotha. Eli khaya laqala ukungena ezingxoxweni mhla kwakhula lo mntwana. (Lijonge kude licuntsule kanobom kule nto yabantwana). ndithi nokuba ndimi ePulpitini ndishumayela, anga amaramente andithele nqa. Ndimbeka emithandazweni imihla nezolo. Unina walo mntwana wophukelwe yimpilo, nam ndileli bunga ndililo. Imfuyo ayinabani, kufuneka nditotobe nokuba ndiminxene ndilandele emva kwemfuyo. Mawethu ndiyamsola uThixo ngokundipha esi silingo, ingathi nokuba bendingazalanga akunani. Kangangedlela endihlupheka ngayo, zide iinyembezi ziphume naxa sendilele ubuthongo ziqukuqele ukunqumla umbombo zitshone emqamelweni. Andazi ukuba mandithini. (Ahlale phantsi ezisula iinyembezi).
speeDo: Ndicinga ukuba kungalunga ihambe ngoMgqibelo. Ndiqinisekile ukuba uMdlantsimbi Makhosi! Uyayazi le ndoda. Nguye owayesiyalela ukuba sifune umntu oza kusincedisa apha emsebenzini. Andisiboni isizathu sokuba simshiye xa sihamba ngoMgqibelo.
zizamele: Ndiyive koonomathotholo bawokazi. Khawutsho bawokazi, ngoobani aba benze eli nyala?
Bhala: Kuyavakala mfo kabawo, kuyavakala Zizi. Ngokwenene yintlungu into eyenziwa ngabantwana bedemokrasi. Ngekungcono mfo kabawo ukuba besizibizela ezi ngxaki, asizithandeli. Yomelela Zizi akukho nto nale iyedlula. Banje bonke aba bantwana. Iqhalo elithi imzi ayifani ifana ngeentlanti zodwa ndifuna ukuliphikisa. Ndifuna ukuthi imizi ayifani ifana ngeengxaki zodwa. Sifunda ngamava Dlamini. Qina uyindoda. (Ahlale).
nonzwakazi: (Ejonga kude). "Sikhumba touch sikhumba touch". (Aphakame uNonzwakazi aye ebhodini azobe umntu olele ngesisu obanjwe ngamadoda amabini, kukho le imileyo iphethe ugqajolo lwemvubu, hayi ke ngoku iklasi ife yintsini kuphakame uZizamele aye ngqo kuNonzwakazi ambethe ngempama amkhabe avule nebhozo, kube seso sanxwe egumbini lokufundela. Le ngxolo imbize ekude utitshala omkhulu weza kuqonda. Ufika uNonzwakazi eboko-boko ubuso ihempe izele ligazi).
Dlamini: Tyhini! Unyanisile uyazi ukuba ndikhe ndawabona loo matshivela. Avelaphi kakade?
zizamele: Yilali leya mfo wethu, kuthiwa yiMvumelwano. Kaloku siyalayita nathi apha emaXhoseni.
inkwenkwe: Kulungile ndisahambile (Aphume). (UDlamini khange abe sangena endlwini, ungene endleleni eya kwamninawa wakhe, uMthetho kwangoko. Endleleni eya kwaMthetho umaphikana, uphatha kunkcunkca, kugoba, isifuba singamniki thuba kuba indlela le ibineqhina).
mDlantsimBi: Uyindoda mfo wam, ndikuncamile, uluphumele uvavanyo lokuqala. Mandikuyale ndenjenje ke mfo wam. Zingaze zishiyeke ezi ngcambu nanini na naphi na. Mazihlale zisezipokothweni zakho. Entloko makungabikho nalunye unwele, hlala uchebe inkqayi ubomi bakho bonke. Siza kuya kwiyeza leziyobisi ke ngoku. Uyabona kweli hlathi, kunyakazela iingonyama, amabhubesi, iimfene. Zonke nje izilwanyana zasendle zikweli hlathi. Musa ukoyika mfo wam azinakukuqwenga ezi zilwanyana xa unesibindi. Thabatha nanku umkhonto uye ehlathini uze nebhubesi kunye nemfene.
mfunDisi: Nkosi, Yesu Krestu, ngokuhlala kwakho engcwabeni iintsuku ezintathu, wangcwalisa abantu abakholwayo kuwe, nangona imizimba yabo isalele phantsi kobandayo basenethemba lokuvuka ekufeni njengoko wavukayo nawe. Sikelela la mangcwaba uthumele iingelosi zakho ukuze ziwakhusele. Sicelela aba bazalwana uphumlo noxolo kude kube yiloo mini uyakubonakala ngayo wena ukuba uluvuko nobomi ngokubavuza ngovuko oluzukileyo. Sibayaleza kuwe Bawo uze ubakhanyisele ngokukhanya kwakho kobo bukumkani bakho bungunaphakade kanaphakade, Amen. (Izihlwele zimana ukucula ngokuzukileyo). Njengoko uThixo onamandla onke ababizileyo abazalwana wabasusa kobu bomi, sibuyisela imizimba yabo eluthulini lomhlaba apho yayivela khona. UKrestu waba ngowokuqala owavuka kwabafileyo kwaye nathi siyazi ukuba uyakuvusa imizimba yethu ekufeni ibe njengaye ngobuqaqawuli. Ngoko ke sinikela abazalwana bethu ezandleni zeNkosi. Yanga iNkosi ingabamkela eluxolweni lwayo ize ibavuse ngomhla wokugqibela, Amen. (Kubuyelwa ekhaya emva komngcwabo kuhlanjwe izandla kuchithakalwe).
Dlamini: (Ukubuya kwakhe). MaMfene ndinento endisoloko ndiyicinga, namhlanje lithuba lokuba mandiyithethe. Mfene mfazi andinanyana, amawethu ayamazi unyana endandinaye ukuba walahleka. Ezi zinto zingaka ziya kuba zezikabani Into ebendiyicinga ngoku kukubiza amawethu, ndiwabele ezi zinto ukuze zingabi lilifa lezirhalarhume nabantu abangendawo?
mamfene: Dlamini nam ndikhe ndanalo iphupha elinje kodwa ke mna ndaphupha ngathi umzimba uzele ziimbovane kodwa ndakhawuleza ndothuka. Futhi zange ndiyithabathele ngqalelo le nto yeli phupha kodwa ngoku ndiyalidibanisa nale undixelela yona. Ukuba besingengoma- Krestu ngendisithi ikhona into embi endiza kuyiva. Izolo ndive isikhukukazi senkukhu sikhonya, kwayizolo njalo ndithe xa ndiphuma apha emnyango ndakhubeka kabuhlungu ndaya kulala ngophothe. Kuthe ekuzeni kokusa ndeva isikhova sikhala kalusizi. Zonke ezi zinto ziyadibana neli phupha lakho Zizi.
zizamele: Mhlekazi omhle silapha ngokuthunywa nguwe, ngoku sizise umsebenzi esiwenze ngempumelelo engummangaliso.
Dlamini: NguZizamele kaloku, alikho elinye. Yintonga yam esekhosi uZizi, uDlamini wowu Madoda!Ndingathetha ndithini na?
zizamele: Ewe mhlekazi.
mthetho: Ndiyanqanda mfo kabawo, ndiyanqanda. Izinto zamaZizi maziphelele emaZizini. Siya kuba singenisa iintshaba kulo mzi kabawo. UDlamini ngesuke waya kwaSibonda ukuba le nto linyumnyezi elihambisa umzimba eli, (kuDlamini) le nto siza kuyilungisa mfo kabawo. Okokuqala nje kufuneka usazise ngokukhawuleza xa esenza ukusa. Okwesibini makabizwe ngoku ohlwaywe qatha ukuze angaphinde ayenze le nto. Okwesithathu, sikho isithethi esithe lilumba eli, le nto inento eyihlolayo. Kuza ishwangusha kweli khaya, ishwangusha ke liyakhalinyelwa xa libonakale kuselithuba.
Deshy: Khawutsho Zet, siza kuthini ukufika kwethu phaya?
BheDe: Bhota Zizi! Bhota Dlamini! (bexhawulana) Tyhini! Madoda usavelaphi umXhosa olibamba kangaka ixesha Kaloku amaXhosa anamaxesha amabini kukho eli lewotshi. Ukuba intlanganiso iqala ngeyeshumi bona baya kufika ngeyeshumi elinanye?
nonzwakazi: Ubundibethelani kuqala?
Bonke: (Bengqukuleka) Mh!Tyhini!
polisa: Nihambe kakuhle ke Madoda.
nonzwakazi: Ndizobe umntu olele phantsi obethwa ngesabhokhwe, obanjwe ngamadoda amabini. Into ebangele ukuba ndizobe loo mzobo yinto yokuba utitshala uZongo lo usifundisa i-art ubethe zesize nemizobo ngomso xa sibuya emakhaya. Bendizama ukuziqhelanisa nokuzoba oko.
zizamele: Mna mhlekazi andinazixhobo, andisosigebenga mna.
Dlehluza: Undibeth'emlonyeni kayise. Bendiphakamela loo nto kanye. Makalipotwe emapoliseni lo mntwana alikho elinye icebo. (Ebhekisa kuMthetho). Mfo kabawo ndicela ungashiyeki kweli qela liza kuhamba. (Aphume).
(KuseBhayi, amapolisa abeke iliso elibukhali ngakuye kwaye iziphumo zibuya zisithi kusafuneka akhe ajongwe ithutyana noko uza kubuya aphile).
Dlamini: MaZizi! Ndithi mandinazise ngesiganeko esiphantse senzeka aph'ekhaya izolo. Abanye bayasazi babelapha nayizolo. Ndixakene nenzala yam apha uxolo alukho apha ekhaya oko kwathi kwakhula lo mntwana zange sikufumane ukuphumla kulo mzi kabawo. Lo mntwana uqale ngokuvana nabantwana abangafundiyo. Kukho le nkwenkwe kaMakhanda-khanda nale kaDidiza.
zizamele: Mfondini musa ukusiqakathisa. Phendula umbuzo wakugqiba ulindele omnye. Usebenza phi?
polisa: Inzolo enkundleni.
Dlamini: Ewe maziwe zontathu, ayingomntu yinkungu nelanga apha kowethu. Ibhokhwe enye iza kunceda ntoni?
mamfene: (engenelela) Nawe uvuma ukuqhathwa ngalawa marhumsha, kunini ndathi hlukana nabantu abangafundiyo Yiba ngathi uyaqinisa tata?
Deshy: Xa silapha singenile, tyhini! nanko uMdlantsimbi sele esihlangabeza.
(UZizamele ukwiphulo lokuthengisa yonke ethi yena, ulungiselela uhambo oluya eBhayi apho aza kuthenga indlu. Iimali zeepolisi zaphuma, ungusozimali othile. Simbona ethengisa ezokugqibela izinto nkqu nomzi. Imali yemfuyo nomzi zimnike izigubha. Intliziyo isemafutheni kumfana ongumakadenetha).
Dlamini: Bhotani Mawethu!
zizamele: Hayi Mhlekazi ndikhumbula amayeza ambalwa kakhulu.
Deshy: Namhlanje akulalwa siza kuthenga utywala nenyama eninzi sivuyisane nolu suku lukhulu kangakanana. (Konwatywa ke ubusuku bonke ngaloo mini basela banxila balala ekuzeni kokusa).
Bawo, koko yiva imithandazo yethu esiyibhekisa kuwe sikunye namawethu asezulwini kunye nabangcwele bonke. Yiba ngecala lethu Bawo, ngeli xesha lobunzima ngo-Krestu iNkosi yethu Amen.
JaJi: Le nkundla ikugweba iminyaka engamashumi amane xa sidibanisa nale imihlanu, loo nto yenza iminyaka engamashumi amane anesihlanu. Mapolisa hambani niye kumvalela. (Ambambe amqhubele kwizisele ezimnyama zaseBhayi).
polisa: Ndiyaniva ke madoda, mandingabisanilibazisa, khululekani nize nazo zonke iindaba kwelo lase Zimbabwe.
BheDe: Khawutsho ke Zizamele, umbethelani lo mntwana?
ziizamele: Mandiqale ngalo wepolisa ukuze ndikhuseleke xa ndisiya kulo wooDlamini.
" Bazalwane noodade, incwadi yomvangeli uMateyu (22:42) nithini nina ngaye uKrestu Asicelwa ukuba simamkele uKrestu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ingcinga zethu ubuKrestu abuzami kuphepha umoya wophando.?
speeDo: Bakuxhapaza mos aba bantu! batheni bekunyanzelisa ngemfundo nje Andithi uthi abadingi nto abazali bakho kodwa abafundanga. Into ecacileyo babesebenzisa ingqondo yemveli ooDlamini. Nawe ke ingqondo yemveli unayo. Ungaphila nokuba akudanga ube yititshala?
zizamele: Ndifuna lona kanye, andimfuni usmayili wepolisa elinentaka, ndifuna lona kanye. Kuyakulunga ndiliqaphele ukuba likwesiphi isitishi ukwenzela ukuba ndilihlasele kakuhle.
Ndiyaphila akukabikho nto zimbi. Ndithi mandikwazise ukuba ndide ndakhululeka. Ndifumene umntwana oyinkwenkwe.
Deshy: Uza kusebenza nathi ukusukela namhlanje. Ukhumbule ke ukuba asiphelenga apha abanye abantu basebenza kwezinye iidolophu. Bahambisa neziyobisi.
inkwenkwe: (Ibeka isitya entla baphume noDlamini ihluthi ingumpatsiya ngumvubo) Azinakuba sanditya ngoku tatomkhulu.
zizamele: Imbi le nto yam, ndisuka ndiphuphe kakubi xa ndilele apha andazi nokuba kuqhubeka ntoni. Mhlawumbi uMdlantsimbi uyakhalaza okanye zezi zidumbu Ndiphuphe ingathi ndiyakhala kobu busuku, kuthi kunjalo kuvele uDlamini nomkakhe besithi ngamashwa antoni la ndizibizela wona. Hayi! Suka mandisebenzise ezi ngcambu ngendlela eyiyo, ndisuka ndizilibale ngamanye amaxesha. Kwekhu! Mandilale engaka imali, soze ndiyazi nento emandiyenze yona. Ngenene ndisisinhanha sokwenene. (Aphume)?
BheDe: (kuDlamini) Kuyavakala titshalakazi ndicinga ukuba siyivile le ngxelo.
zizamele: Mfo ndiya kuphehlelelwa ngoku nguMdlantsimbi.
Dlamini: Yiba ngathi uyaqinisa Zizi. (Kuthe kanti udyakalashe onkone uzilungisele ufake isikhumba segusha ezimpundu, ngelishwa uMthetho usive esabetha kwakanye. Sikhutshiwe eso sikhumba, wabethwa waqhana iveki yonke).
zizamele: Yintsimbi yesibhozo ngoku, siza kufika bengekalali. Masihambe siye ecaleni kwelali le singangeni ngemoto.
Dlamini: Hamba uyokuvula nawe.
Dlamini: (esothuka) Hayi bo! Uthini na apha kum Bhele! Musa ukuphuca apha! Lo mntwana uvuka anxibe iyunifomu yonke le mihla ahambe aye esikolweni. Sisimanga santoni esi undixelela sona Lo mntwana undiphoxelani kangaka (enesingqala) Mh?
mamfene: Bulala ngoku. Uthi xa uxakwe kukuqeqesha umntwana ubuye uze kubhodlela kum. Ucinga ukuba angathini ukungabinje lo mntwana evana nabantwana abangafundiyo Oko wathi waqhelana nala marhumsha ango- Mqwalaseli no-Vuthuza zange ndiphinde ndithembe kwanto?
Dlamini: Isizathu ke sinye kukusuka le ntwazana imkwekwe ngokubethwa sithi ngala mhla wayebuye enxilile. Namhlanje sivuke ethuthe yonke impahla wemka nayo, phofu kuphawuleke ukuba khange alale kwalapha kuba umandlalo usondlulwe oko kwayizolo. Eyona nto indikhathaza kakhulu yimali yam. Owu!
mthetho: Nam bethu mandikuxhase xhego lam nangona ungawi nje. Ndicebisa ngelithi lo mntwan makalipotwe kwaSibonda. Kuphume amadoda aye kubika emapoliseni ehamba noSibonda. Iinkabi zamahashe zikhona mazibanjwe siphathelele liyatshon'ilanga. Amapolisa akazi kuxakwa azakumbhengeza nakoonomathotholo avezwe nakomabonakude.
mamfene: Kulungile tata.
Deshy: Hey! Mfondini siphangele ngoku. Uya kutya usizi, mna ke ndifun, imali mfondini. (Ajonge uZizamele ngamehlo anoburhalarhume). Thatha. (Azame ukunqwenga ngemela suka atsalwe nguSpeedo amfake phakathi kwemilenze).
Dlamini: (Ephakama) Eh - e - e! MaZizi ndiyacinga into yokuba sesiphelele, ndiyabhotisa kwakhona ngale ntsasa.
mDlantsimBi: Nilale kakuhle bantwana bam. Kanene ninduluka nini?
VakaDe: Nam ndiyakungqinela mfundisi, makubizwe amapolisa ngoku.
zizamele: (Ekhala). Owu! Bawo ndandenzeni mna. Mdlantsimbi, Nkomiyahlaba ndiza kubabuyisa xa ndisitsho. (Afune ukubaleka, abanjwe).
zizamele: Lo mpu ndawunikwa yiNkosi yam, akunyanzelekanga ukuba uyazi, futhi mna ndizakunibambisa ngokungcolisa igama lam. Mna ndakusuka ndiboleke abo smayili benu kunokuba anindiqondi kakuhle. (Abe ngathi uyaphakama, athi qhu sarha amapolisa abuye ajike akubona ukuba akawasukeli).
Ndiyavuya ukubona tata, umntwana wakho akamelani namntwana kwesi sikolo ngobukrele-krele kodwa indlela asonqena ngayo isikolo iyamangalisa (ejonga kwinqununu). Enkosi nqununu.
Dlamini: Andingeyazi ke into yabantwana, ukuba babe zitshomi xa kunini, andazi. Andimazi nokuba ubesele enqatyelwe ngabahlobo na le nto ade atshomane nalawa matshijolo angafuni sikolo. He - e - e! ndibuye ke ndize kwisiganeko sayizolo. UZizamele ufike engeshushu eqhuba amatakane neegusha ekhaya. Kuvakala ukuba basele eMaMpingeni phaya kwa - Nogolide.
mamfene: Buz'entanyeni ukuba ayithethi uyifak'imela?
zizamele: Andinamsebenzi ndiwenzayo ngokwangoku.
sekela-nqununu: Ndibona ukuba sele ilingene amapolisa le nto. Mhlawumbi ke kwaziswe namalungu ekomiti.
Dlehluza: Akukho ngxaki mayela nolu suku. Makulungiselelwe isingcwabo eso kodwa ke bakhuluwa utitshala uBhede naye bendisithi makadityaniswe apha kooDlamini bangcwatywe bonke xa sivumelana nosapho lwakhe.
speeDo: Unyanisile liziswe bubukho bukaZet. Uyazi ukuba bendisoloko ndifuna apha engqondweni ukuba yintoni liye lanesibindi lokuza kuncokola nathi. Ungathi ulibuza belithetha ntoni nathi, ufike lingazi kwanto, lingabhuda libhabhame.
zizamele: Ndiyabulela ke nam xa ndifika ndisamkeleka, kodwa umenzi weli sikizi uza kuvela nokuba kunini.
UYesu wabakhuthaza abantu ekubeni bazicingele ngokwabo. Wazingisa ekubeni bamelwe ukubuza imibuzo emininzi, waza wabafundisa abantu ukuba benje-njalo nabo. Wayeyazi inkathazo ababenayo abaProfethi kuba babengavumi ukucinga ngokwabo. "abantu bam abaqiqi" watsho omnye wabo (Isaya 1:3). Khanize sibonisane (isaya 1:8). Ngoku ke uYesu wakhwankqiswa kukuba abantu bangabuzi mibuzo yengqiqo malunga nezinto zikaThixo. "kungani na ukuba ningaqondi Utsho (uMateyu 16:11). Koninceda ntoni na" (Marko 8:36) "Yini na ukuba nina ngokwenu ningakwahluli okulungileyo"(Luka 12:57) Indodana okanye udade owuphendule ngengqiqo lo mbuzo akakude ebukumkanini buka Thixo" (Marko 12:34) 2. Ubomi bethu buxhomekeke empendulweni yethu kulo mbuzo. Koku kubulalana kungaka, kolu dlwengulo lungaka, koku kuthengiswa kweziyobisi, nokubulawa kwabantwana ingaba nithini na bemi beli lizwe - uthini uKrestu kuni (abantu: mh! Yatsho indodana) Eminye imibuzo inokulindela impendulo kodwa lo awunakulindela mpendulo. Ubomi bethu bazalwana buyachithakala bungabinamsebenzi ngaphandle kokuba siwuphendule ngokufanelekileyo lo mbuzo. UYesu wathi; "ndingowokuqala nowokugqibela isiqalo nesiphelo" (isityhilelo 22:13). Ibali lobomi bethu alinakulunga ngaphandle kokuba liqale libuye liphele ngoYesu, lize libe noYesu liphela?
Deshy: Ndiyabona ntanga'm, ihamba kamnandi kangangokuba andiyiva nokuba ihamba ngesantya esiphezulu kangaka. Ezi moto zakwaTelstar zingakufaka engxakini zithi nokuba zihamba ngesantya esiphezulu zibe zingavakali nokuba zihambela phezulu. ITelstar ayimelani namoto kweli loMzantsi Afrika.
Akukho mazwi sinokuphinde siwathethe ngoku, mahle akafuni kugxojwa, Siyavuyisana nawe Zizi ngokufumana le ndodana. Mandikuphe le nto ke Zizi, uze ungathi kuba emnye lo mntwana okanye uthi kuba umfumene kade umenze iqanda. Uze umqeqeshe Zizi undincede umqeqeshe lo mntwana. Ngexesha lokulima aze alime, ngexesha lokudlala umnike ithuba adlale, akukhula anondle, yintonga esekhosi le kweli khaya.
(Ide yafika imini enkulu, uMgqibelo. Amakhwenkwe amakhulu avuka xa kumpondo zankomo, aqoqosha, ahlamba imizimba yawo ngamayeza ahlasimlisa imizimba. Banika uZizamele iingcambu ezithile ukuze azisebenzise xa bedibene namapolisa. Ezinye bathi makazigcine ezinye kwathiwa makazifake phantsi kolwimi. Banduluka ngentsimbi yesibhozo imithwalo ifakwe emotweni. Babehamba bencokola apha endleleni, bechulumancile. UZizamele bambopha ngelaphu elimhlophe ukuze angayazi indlela eya eZimbabwe. Babekhetha iindlela ezinqumlayo. Baphuma eBhayi, baya eFreystata, badlula i-Kroonstad, Potchefstroom, Germiston, Messina. Bathi xa beseMessina bawulahla umgaqo omkhulu bangena kwisixekwana ekuthiwa yiTuli behla ngaseMatopo hill. Bangena eMzingwane, bayithi cebu ecaleni iBulawayo. Bathabatha indlela ebakhokelela kwisixekwana iWankie. Baya kungena kusuku lwesithathu kwezo ngxangxasi zechibikazi iVictoliya).
zizamele: Ndixolele tata andisoze ndiphinde (ekhala ephumelisa)Yho - o - o!
speeDo: Xa ukwayindlalifa yintoni ebangela ukuba unyanzelwe ngesikolo. OoDlamini abakayazi nangoku into ebangela ukuba iindlalifa zibe ngoongantweni iindlalifa ziza kufundela ntoni sele zilungiselelwe Musa ukuxhala mfo wethu uza kuwafumana onke amalungelo akho. Le ndlela oza kuphila ngayo iza kukwenza ubesesingawothiyo umlilo. Uya kutsho wodlule nezo zifundiswa zibole ngamatyala?
mDlantsimBi: Mfo wam maze wenze le nto, kufuneka ukhakhayi lwabazali bakho bobabini ukuze ufumane isidima, okwesibini kufuneka uze nokhakhayi lwepolisa lomlungu xa ufike eBhayi. Okwangoku ke usagqibile, ngomso baza kufika abafana bam, maze uphinde nabo ufike wenze le misebenzi mibini, uyandiva?
Dlamini: (Emhesha) Sisihlalo santoni na Zizi?
Deshy: Inene ndiyakufungisa! iseza kudalwa imoto efana nale, okwangoku ayikabikho enokumelana nayo.
Dlamini: (ehleka)Kunjalo kanye Bhele, ke thina saqheliswa ngala mabhulu sasisebenza kuwo. Khaniphile Bhele.
Deshy: Speedo mfo kabawo ihamba nini idilivali?
nonzwakazi: (Ecula) "Sikhumba touch!Sikhumba touch".
mthetho: (Engenelela) Hayi ndiyanqanda Zizi elikhulu. Lo mntwana akakakulungeli ukuya entabeni. Kaloku kule mithetho ikhoyo, kufuneka umntwana agunyaziswe ngabazali. Iminyaka ngamashumi amabini. Ndizama ukuthi ayikakulungeli mpela ukuya entabeni le ntwana. Ndithi mna makabizwe lo mntwana size kumgweba.
Deshy: Musa ukungxama mfo kabawo, siya eFreyistata ngoku. Makhe simise ngoku khe sitye. (Bemisa bathenga ukutya batya baphumela phandle babe sebebuyela kwaseluhambeni, bechulumancile, esogqunyiwe uZizamele ngoku kutyiwayo).
JaJi: Phambi kokunika isigwebo ndifuna ukukubulela mmangalelwa ngokungavumi ukusebenzela ilokonya elinguSathana ubomi bakho bonke. Kodwa ke awuvumanga ukumsebenzela ngomzuzu wokugqibela sele konakele. Ubusele uyigile ngokupheleleyo imikhuba yeli lizwe. Ilizwi labadala alidliwa nja, kwaye ayisokuze ijike inyaniso. Ukufuna ukutyeba ngokukhawuleza ngondlela mnyama kungunobangela wokuba ube ume kule ndawo namhlanje. Waba nethamsanqa ke wena kuba uphando olwenziwe ngawe lubika ukuba wena wabekelwa iimali ezinkulu nguyihlo esenzela ukuba ufunde. USathana wakuphephethela kwantshabalalo. Akukho mntu wawuphikisana naye kwilifa lakho kodwa wanyolukela ukutyeba ngondlela mnyama. Ulutsha olukhoyo nolungafuni kungxoliswa ndiyacinga ukuba lufunde lutho kwizimilo ezaphuke njengezi. Ukungabethwa ezikolweni akuthethi kuthi soze ufunde. Ndiyanqanda lutsha lwakowethu. Zamkeleni iinguqu ezikhoyo. Musani ukuba ngoozwilakhe kuba abanye abazali baye bakholelwe kwizinto ezithethwa ngabantwana babo, bangazidini ngokuphanda ubunyani bento ethethwa ngumntwana. Abantu bayafunda nokuba ababethwa. EziDyunivesithi akubethwa kodwa abantu bayafunda baphumelele. Xa ndiza kuwisa isigwebo ndiza kuthi kuwe mmangalelwa uyithethile inyani ngokwenene yinyaniso engenakuphikiswa, kodwa umthetho kufuneka uhambe indlela yawo.
speeDo: Kunjalo ntanga, kufuneka siyithwese amaqhinga, siyiphehlelele izalwe ngokutsha. (Bangena kwi-Telsta erhuqa itakane, bayilayishele iimpahla kweli takane baphindela endlwini yabo).
zizamele: (Ebuthandabuza ethetha yedwa, uphakamisa isinkempe). Nifane nadomboza ukuthetha andisoze ndiwuyeke esithubeni umsebenzi wam. UBhede sele elapha kwaye niza kundibambisa xa ndiniyeka. Felani imisebenzi yenu emdaka. (Abahlabe bobabini kungabikho okhalayo, akugqiba abanqumle iintloko, aphume abaleke neentloko imoto sele iduma kade).
aBantu: Mh! Unesibindi lo mntwana.
Deshy: Khawutsho ke Zet eyakho imbali. Yintoni ebangele okokuba ushiye umhlaba woyihlo uze kweli laseBhayi?
zizamele: Ngama-R300 000,00 eerandi kunye nale R50 000 yale ntloko kaBhede ngokwenene ndisiso isityebi. (Baphinde eBhayi bechulumancile).
speeDo: Iya kuba ziintsuku nje ezintathu.
zizamele: Hayi kwakunzima bafo bethu, nam ndincedwe kukulikhawulezisa ndalichana entliziyweni zisuka. Landiqwenga ingalo kodwa ndaye ndaloyisa kanye ngoku sele lindilumile.
speeDo: Ziyinyaniso mfo wethu ezi zinto zithethwa nguDeshy. (Ebonakala eba lusizi ebusweni). Kukho ixesha esasisitya ngalo emigqomeni, ndithi ndakucinga ngelo xesha kuthi mandife, kuba senziwa ngabantu ukuze sibe kuloo ngxaki. Abantu abananceba ngabantwana babantu. Abantu abasezikhundleni abamhoyi umntu abangamaziyo. OoNontlalontle bakhathalela iifani abakhe baziva kuphela kulaa nto yezaa ofisi. Kunyanisiwe xa kusithiwa ukuzalwa wedwa ngumlu wanyama.
zizamele: Ndiqhele kweliya lakuthi emaXhoseni, uthi xa usiya edolophini uvuke ngentsimbi yesithathu. Ibhasi induluka ngentsimbi yesithandathu. Uhamba umgama oziikhilomitha ezingashumi amane anesine. Uthi sele ugqibile ukuthenga kufuneke ukuba linda eza kuphuma ngentsimbi yesithathu. Ufika emakhaya sele kulele ubumnyama kuba isuka ibe lihashe likamfundisi, ihambe isima kuzo zonke ezi zikhululo.
zizamele: Ndiyaliva ibali lenu elibuhlungu. Inene ihlabathi likhohlakele. Sendifuna ukuqonda ke ngoku ukuba ngumsebenzi onjani lo unenza nihambe ngentle kangaka imoto. Hayi le ilodlula mpela elaa phela le moto ka-Bhede.
zizamele: Nigqibile ukuthetha ngoku Ukuba nigqibile ke khanijonge apha. (Avule ingxowa yakhe kuvele intloko evuza kanobom). Yekabani le ntloko Thethani najongana, ndithi yekabani le ntloko?
Dlamini: Owu! Yini mntwanam ngamashwa antoni la usibizela wona?
inkwenkwe: Ewe tatomkhulu, uthi utata mandizise le ncwadi.
BheDe: Ndiza kumjonga ngokwam, Zizamele lumka wenzakala ukhab'imviko nje. Imbi le nto uzimisele kuyo. Khawuzifune ukuba ungotheni na wena le nto igama lakho lisoloko lingundaba mlonyeni. Elalini, esikolweni kokwenu igama lakho liku "twelve down". Ungotheni wena wedwa Abazali bakho ubabeka kwelibi ihlazo eli. Bekumele ukuba siyakugxotha ungabhali nezi mviwo, okanye sibize amapolisa ubanjwe kodwa ngenxa yobuntu sikohlwaya ngoluncinane uswazi olu lwegadi. Ibhozo eli siza kulithatha silise emapoliseni ligcinwe khona senze nengxelo ngawe mayela nesimo sakho. Mandiphinde ndithi ukuba ukhe waphinda waphatha isikhali kwesi sikolo ungobanjiweyo ngaloo mini. Uyakubanjelwa nale nto sele kukho nengxelo esele ingaphambili. Ngamanye amazwi sisilumkiso sokugqibela esi uyandiva?
VakaDe: Ubuzoba ntoni?
zizamele: (Ukuba ubusazi ukuba uyagqibelisa ukuthetha). Heyi thath'apha! Hi! thatha.
speeDo: Siyabulela mfo kabawo. Amadoda afana nawe anqabile. Amadoda akhoyo anentaka, akanasifuba. Kule mihla sele kunzima kakhulu ukwahlula umntu ongumama.
mthetho: Icebo linye makamangalelwe kuvalwe kwalaa thaveni. Qhuba simamele Zizi.
mDlantsimBi: Kulungile bafo bam kaloku Zizamele nyana wam yiqonde le ndawo yoqeqesho. Usekude nokufumana ezi zigubha zifunyanwa ngaba bafana. Kusafuneka iyeza lompu oya kulifumana lona ngoosmayili ababini babazali.
mDlantsimBi: Ukuba ke mfo wam uze neyesine intloko, wazi ukuba sele uqalile ukurhola ngale yesine. Nihambe kakuhle bafana bam. (Bayibetha yancipha iTelstar abafana bakaMdlantsimbi besendleleni esinga eBhayi, bafika bediniwe balala kuba bephumlela ukujongis amabombo kuQumbu).
Dlamini: Kanti ndakusuka ndikuxake kwawena lo.
polisa: Manene niyaphi Thulani imithwalo yonke?
Deshy: Wahlala kangaka mfo wethu, ufike besala na nezi ntloko?
(UZizamele uyafika kothuke wonke umntu kuba uneminyaka engekho. Akufiki tshipha, kufika ingxilimbela yomfana onezoso. Abulise kooyisekazi abasuka bamamkela njengonyana wolahleko).
polisa (Ecaleni): Lo mfo utheni maan esoyikeka ngolu hlobo?
speeDo: Hayi mfo wethu ndiyanqanda phola mfo kabawo. Makhe simyeke lo uyandisinda, ndiyacela mfo kabawo ndiyakucela Deshman.
mthetho: Ngokwenene uThixo akaxakwa nto. Ngesi sithini ukuba ebengabuyanga lo mntwana Into endiphinda ndiyibulele mfo wam yindlela owuqhube ngayo umsebenzi kanyoko noyihlo. Ngokwenene uyindoda, kaloku akukho nto besiyilindele kwitshipha elifana nawe, besicinga ukuba watsha nelizwe kunye nengqondo le yakho. Kuhle ke mfo wam xa ucinge ngekhaya, ndimile?
zizamele: Ewe ndiyababona Mhlekazi. Ingaba la mayeza uwazi onke njengokuba engabhalwanga nokubhalwa nje?
Bonke: Bhota nawe Zizi.
kaSijadu: Lo mntwana simnikela kuni mawethu, msikeleleni nimthamsanqele, mvavazeleni ngeentsikelelo ukuze aphile ngonaphakade, asinde ezingozini. Ndiphinda ndimyaleza kuQamata ophezu konke ukuba amoluleke, amkhombhise iindlela ezilungileyo apha ebomini, amkhusele kuko konke okungalungileyo. Ndibuyele kuni ke nina nikhoyo apha, ndibulela ubukho benu, ukuba nize kuzimasa eli theko lale mveku. Amade ngawetyala mawethu.
zizamele: Ngomso ntoni Ndiya kulo ngoku. (aphume) Ingabi kanti ndizibizela ijele, kutheni ndanamanwele nje Heyi! nabaya abantu bebaleka ezitalatweni. Mhlawumbi kunokuba ngulo Nkomiyahlaba lo Tyhini! Nkosi yam nantsi inqwelo yalo lihamba ngeenyawo ebusuku apha Inene sihlangene namhlanje, ndim nentloko yalo. UNkomiyahlaba usithabatha phi isibindi sokoyikwa nazi gang stars ze-neck-lace Asingobantu ukuba nezibindi abo kodwa nabo bebaleka behlisa iJohnson Road, nabo abanye bencathama ngeerhange. Nam mandithi chu apha emva kwakhe. (Ahambe ezimela ke uZizamele, ngelo xesha uNkomiyahlaba ufaka evenini bonke abaphuli-mthetho). Owu! Nkosi yam eli polisa linesibindi okuyini, yini ukubamba libambe nabafazi ababeleke abantwana. Nalo lingena eSoweto. Mandingalibethi, ubugwala, mandingalidubuli kuba kucacile likhutshwe ngokuthenjwa mandilihlabe emva koko ndilinqumle intloko. Ayikho enye indlela mfo ka- Nkomiyahlaba nam ndithunyiwe. (Asondele, ngelo xesha uNkomiyahlaba ujongene nendoda ethile, ayibaleki isimbele isinqe, noZizamele ubekekile emva koNkomiyahlaba, afike amgwaze ngebhozo kwicala lasekunene, akhale kube kanye uNkomiyahlaba, lihlanz'iselwa, uZizamele amqikiqe ngemela entanyeni de umzimba wahlukane nentloko abe sele eyifaka engxoweni yakhe asimbele isinqe ukuphindela eVeeplas. Ungena emaphikana, igazi lizele empahleni yakhe)?
Deshy: Niphucuke mpela mfo wethu.
Deshy: Kufanele ukuba nje apha, kaloku le dolophu iMessina isemdeni woMzantsi- Afrika ne Zimbabwe. Ugqogqo lwenziwa ngokuthe ncam apha. Umntu uma ngaphandle nomthwalo wakhe. Speedo misa apha ecaleni ingathi ela polisa linento eliyithethayo.
(Kulundi lwelali yakuGandana, exhagwe ziilali zaseMbalisweni emaMpondweni, kubonakala mganyana ilali ethe zinzi kwindawo ethambekileyo. Le lali ibizwa ngokuba kuseMaMpingeni. Enyeleni yale lali kukho isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo, I-Nkqwiliso. Esi sinala sithiywe ngegama lenkosi yamaMpondo unkos'uNkqwiliso. Kufutshane nesi sikolo kukho iCawe enkulu yemvaba yamaWesile. Kumgama olingana nokugityiselwa kwelitye kume umzi osoloko uphithizela abantu. Xa usondela kuwo kuqapheleka ukuba kulapho aphila khona amadoda. Intokazi yeli khaya inkulu ngokumangalisayo kangangokuba xa ikhwele evenini ngaphambili iphantse isigqibe sonke esa sithuba singakumqhubi. Igama lale ntokazi kuthiwa ngu-Mam'uyandichaza. Ngale njika-langa yehlobo, kungena uVuthuza, uZizamele kunye noMqwalaseli).
Vuthuza: Hayi Anti zigcine apha efrijini ezinye, thina siza kumana sibiza elo nani silifunayo. Uyazi nawe into yalapha, kukho omasila ngeentungo, sinike zibe ntathu ngoku.
polisa ii: Ngenene lo ujikelwe zizinto zakhe akabhudi ufuna ukubikwa. Kodwa ke ubhudela kwizinto ezisekelwe enyanini.
BheDe: Kufanele ukuba sihambe ngomthetho wesikolo. Siza kumcima apha ezincwadini. Xa ephinde wabuya siphinde simamkele. Ndingacebisa ngelithi, zama Zizi ukuqwalasela nalapha ezincwadini zakhe ukuba uyawenza na umsebenzi wesikolo. Abazali abaninzi bayalutyeshela olu xanduva lokujonga umsebenzi womntwana. Ngethamsanqa ukhe wakatswa esikolweni Dlamini, uza kubona zisuka xa engasayi esikolweni kuba kubhalwa imihla kule misebenzi siyinika aba bantwana (ebhekisa kwisigqeba). Ndicela ndaziswe kwangoko xa kukho iimeko ezinjengezi. Sekela-nqununu, qinisekisa ukuba ngolwesiHlanu "iiclassteachers" ziyazingenisa iirejista zobukho uzihlole usayine wakugqiba uzidlulisele kum, siyevana?
Dlamini: (Ethetha yedwa, ehola liphika) Besele ndincamile, ukuba ndingathi ngoku ndinamashumi amathandathu eminyaka ndibe safumana umntwana. UThixo umele kukudunyiswa yonke imihla kuba usebenza esemfihlakalweni. Ngubani obesazi ukuba mna ncakasana (azitswebe), mna Dlamini, iZizi elikhulu. Yho! Hayi andiphuphi kodwa Ndim kanye lo unomntwana, namntwana ithol'iduna (Ufika kwaMthetho, ankqonkqoze sele engaphakathi) Mholweni ngaphakathi. (Axhawule ngamandla ethethela phezulu yimincili) Mninawa khawuphile?
speeDo: Ha! Uza kuvuya umhlekazi ngoba kaloku yimisebenzi yakhe le kwaye uyazithanda ezamagorha.
speeDo: Ndiyayingqina le nto wawuyitsho mfo wethu ngenene iTelstar sisigebenga sendlela, ayiva blowu nastatshi.
zizamele: (Ebhidekile). Yintoni usmayili Deshy?
nonzwakazi: (Engenelela). Uyaphosisa mfundisi, bendiziculela nje mna ndingabhekisanga mntwini, futhi nangoku ndizoba ebhodini bendingabhekisi mntwni.
speeDo: Kuthiwa izixholo-xholo zininzi nje kula ndawo yakho?
speeDo: Ulumke mfo wethu kukho ipolisa eloyikwa ngumntu wonke kweli Bhayi. Ilokishi liyiqala ekuqaleni liyokuphuma ekugqibeleni. Aloyiki kwanto mfo wethu kwaye lidubula enyameni alidlali tu.
speeDo: (Bemxhawula futhi-futhi). Uyindoda Zet xa uqala nje ube sele uneziphumo ezihle kanje.
Dlamini: Yiyeke into ukuba akuyazi mninawa! Sele ndimthiye igama ngoku ndizayo lo mntwana. Uyazi mninawa, ngoku ndimi ngasexhantini phaya ekhaya ndive umqhagi ukhonya, ndaqonda kwangoko ukuba zikho ezi ndaba zimnandi zizayo.
polisa: Yhe! Madoda iyinyani kanti le nto Bendiyifunda ephepheni namhlanje. Khanitsho le nto yale Hebra ivele njani (misani apha ecaleni)?
Dlamini: (Ngomsindo) Njengokuba uvuka unxibe iyuniform nje usihamba phi esi sikolo Ulixoki hi! Ndincama ubuthongo bam ndisenge nawe ngonyezi ndikubone ulungiselela isikolo kanti uphelelaphi maan! Thetha musa ukuthula?
zizamele: Ndifuna nokuba ngonjani.
polisa i: Mapolisa uphambene lo mntu makasiwe eBhofolo kodwa simjonge kwaye wakuphila siza kuvuna lutho kwezi zinto azibhudayo. Niyamva uthetha nangoNkomiyahlaba nangabantu abamzalayo. Kuya kufuneka siphande ukuba unabo na abazali.
Dlamini: Hlathi, khawundilungiselele laa bhatyi yam yeCawe. Andiyazi nale nto ndiyibizelwa ngu-Bhede.
speeDo: KuseBhayi apha Zet akukho maXhoseni. Yonke into ilapha, kulula kuthi kuba sihamba ngemoto.
zizamele: Enkosi mhlekazi ndiyabulela. (Baphindele eBhayi. Xa kusondela usuku lwesingcwabo uZizamele simbona elungiselela ukuza kungcwaba abazali bakhe. Endleleni egodukayo sibona uZizamele ekhangeleka ediniwe, uzokungcwaba abazali abathe bangamaxhoba okulinyazwa kwanguye). Nkosi yam ingaba ndim kanye lo ogqitha iidolophu ezingaka ndiphethe umpu, ndineyeza lamapolisa, ndiyinto yonke ndisisityebi Izinto ziyenzeka xa iintshaba zam kungasathethwa ngokuba ziyaphila zikwelemimoya. Inene ubutyebi buyasetyenzelwa. Ukuba bendilibele bubunkenenkene ngendingazange ndityebe. Le bhasi kaTshangisa iyabaleka xa ikuQumbu ngoku. O-o! Mandihle noko akukho mnyama kakhulu sele kusile. Kuya kuthi ukuze kulunge ndithenge izinto zomngcwabo, ndithenge zonke izinto zokuncedisa kwakule mali kaBhede. Ndingavuya angcwatywe nesi sibini uBhede ukwenzela ukuba naye ndimthengele kule mali yakhe, ngokwenza njalo ndihlamba laa nto ubawo wathi ndizibizela amashwa. Mandithini, mandiqashe imoto ukuze yonke into ihambe lula. (Athenge agqibe izale iveni yimpahla ayibethe inciphe umfana ukusinga kuGandana). He! Madoda kuzele kunje ekhaya, abantu kunokuba bazidaphele kwimfuyo kabawo lo gama ndisemazweni kodwa ukho ubawokazi, soze benze nokuba yintoni. (Ifike imoto, kwehliswe lo mithwalo yamalungiselelo omngcwabo)?
zizamele: Inje le nto mfundisi, ngelaa xesha ndandibethwa ekhaya ndaye ndafaka isikhumba segusha apha ezimpundu kuba ndandivile ukuba ndiza kohlwaywa ngootatomncinci. Lo sikhumba touch ndimdibanisa naloo nto. Ngeli xesha azoba ebhodini, uzobe kanye ngalaa ndlela ndandibanjwe ngayo ngootatomncinci. Eyona indicaphukise nangakumbi, yintsini ebiphaya eklasini ngeli xesha enza le mizobo kwaye wonke umfundi ophaya eklasini wayevile ngesa siganeko saphaya ekhaya.
Dlamini: (Engasaziva yimincili) Undibulelele apho kutata wakho.
speeDo: Musa ukubuza yonke into mfo kabawo, uza kuzibonela kungentsuku zatywala. Phakamisa isandla sasekunene ufunge uthi uzibophelela kunye nathi.
Deshy: Uyabona ke ngoku singena kwisango leli hlathi, xa siligqiba eli hlathi siya kuba sifika. (Bayangena kwelo hlathi balityhutyhe de banqandwe zezo ngxangxasi zechibikazi laseVictoliya).
Deshy: Kukude emaXhoseni ndihlala ndisiva ngembali.
UYesu ucela ukuzikhethela ngaye. Oyingcwele uzinikela ekuzikhetheleni kwethu. " Nithini na nina ngaye uKrestu Akazinyanzeli kuthi. Thina ngokwethu simelwe kukugqiba esiya kukwenza ngaye. Ukuba asimfuni akasibekeli miqathango. Isohlwayo sethu sesokuba ukuba asimfuni asimfumani. Akukho sohlwayo singaphezu koko. Xeshikweni loo Msamariya engavumanga ukumamkela (Luka 9:51-56) akawatshabalisanga njengoko abafundi bakhe babefuna njalo. Waya komnye umzana. Oko kwakusisohlwayo sabo. Balahlekwa nguye. Ngoko ke nam ndiyanikhumbuza ngobam ubomi. Ndiphume ngengqawule, ndisekwezimnyama izisele ngenxa yokulukuhlwa nguSathana. (Abantu: Nkosi yam) Lifikile nakum ixesha lokuba ndiguquke lifikile ixesha lokuba lo mbuzo singabuye siwuve. Ubomi bethu bubamnyama ngaphandle koYesu. 4. Simelwe kukuwuphendula lo mbuzo ngale ndlela nokuba yileya. Akunakuhlala emdeni. Unokuba kweli lizwe okanye kweliya. Uphosa intsontelo kwindoda etshonayo, ayinakugqiba ekubeni ingayibambi sinina, kodwa ukudidizela kwayo, kusekubeni ingayibambi intsontelo, suka ke ilahlekelwe bubomi bayo kuba ingazimiselanga engqondweni yayo, ukuba akunakuzimisela namhlanje nokuba uya kulandela uKrestu nokuba hayi, ngoko ke ngokudidizela kwakho uwuphendule lo- mbuzo; "Nithini na nina ngaye uKristu" Uzibekile phakathi kweentshaba zakhe. Ngoko ke akunakunceda ukuwuphendula lo mbuzo?
speeDo: Ela bhubesi lasoyisa siphethe imipu nentang'am uDeshy. Sasinda ngezikasibi lifuna ukusiqwenga phaya ehlathini. Umkhwetha esasihamba naye waqwengwa lela bhubesi.
speeDo: Inde le trafiki, amapolisa ale mida akhuthele akadlali. Ungafika kuphithizela apha yonke le mihla.
inkwenkwe: (Ikhefuzela) Yho! Yho-o!! Yhe mama! Yhiyho-o!
mamfene: Musa ukuba nkene-nkene Zizi. UThixo uya kuze abe ngakwicala lethu.
Dlamini: (ephakama) Nisuka nizigugise nina Hlathi, kukuthini ukulibala ihempe ebaluleke kangaka?
BheDe: (ephuma) Khawundilinde kancinci Dlamini khe ndibize utitshalakazi wela banga akulo, nesekela-nqununu nentloko zamacandelo ngamancedelo apha esikolweni (bangene bonke abaphathisikolo). Ee! Zititshala njengoko besigqibe kwintlanganiso edlulileyo ukuba sibize umzali kaZizamele, ndithi ke mandinazise ukuba sele efikile nguye lo ophambi kwenu (ekhomba). Sendikhe ndamthi thsuphe ngeyona nto abizelwa yona. Ngokufutshane nje, mandicele wena titshalakazi uVakade ukhe wazise le ntlanganiso ngolona suku wagqibela ngalo apha esikolweni uZizamele (ephakama lowo kubhekiswa kuye).
mDlantsimBi: Camagu bantwana bam. (Athimle ixesh'elide, kwanzima nokuba babonane kuloo ndlu sisisi esasilapho. Indlu yonke izele ngamayeza, entla phaya kwakuthe finini inyoka enkulu ngendlela esisimanga, yasuka yafuna ukusigqiba sonke isithuba esiphaya entla. Bathi ukuba bangene yathi khwasu yaxhuma kodwa wayinqanda UMdlantsimbi kuba yayijonge kuZizamele. UZizamele wayesele egqiba indlu le yonke, kunzima nokuba ahlale phantsi kuba le nyoka yayifuna kuye esiqwini). Nihambe kakuhle kakhulu, ndinibonile. Ikrwala eli nihamba nalo ndalazi kwamhla nalizingela. Mfana musa ukothuka uza 54 kuqhela kwakamsinya.
Dlamini: (Aphakame ekhathazekile) Ndiyabulela nqununu ngale nkcazelo yakho. Inene bendingazi ukuba ndihleli phezu kwamaqanda abolileyo. Bendisoloko ndiyibona le nto yalo mntwana qha ndixakwa kukuba uvuka ahlambe, anxibe eze esikolweni, Kodwa ube khawuleza abuye ngezinye iimini abuye ngobusuku. Xa ndibuza athi ulityaziswe yibhola.
Dlamini: (uyangena anxibe agqibe) Ndimkile ke Hlathi, kuthiwe mandifike ngentsimbi yeshumi phaya esikolweni.
Deshy no speeDo: Aah! Mhlekaz'omhle, Nkosi yethu. Wena wakhula silibele. Wena ubona nasebumnyameni. Sithi bayethe! Ngangalala enkulu engatshonelwa langa. Sithi Bayethe!Nkosi yamakhosi! (Kuthi gqi ephempeni indoda enkulu emnyama okokhozo lomya. Le ndoda igaxele iintsimbi ezihonjisiweyo zobugqirha inaso nesikhumba esijinga entanyeni. Isisu yintaba, amehlo abomvu krwe, atshawuza okombane. Ezinyaweni ibetha ngezikaTshiwo. Iinyawo zinkulu kangangokuba anganxiba usayizi teni nangaphezulu xa ebenokuzinxiba. Le ndoda iphakamise nje isandla yathimla yaphindela kwangaphakathi).
nonzwakazi: Ewe mfundisi kodwa bendifuna abethwe oku kwakhe.
Vuyo: (Esebeza) Kwale mbeko yimbeko yentsangu (ephakamisa ukuthetha) Zizamele nyana sidibene ngawe namhlanje umncinci ungaka. Into - into.
zizamele: Yindawo encinane kakhulu le inguQumbu kodwa amabali ayo aquka ukubulala, ukutshisa nobusela. Kangangokuba indoda ikhe ityebe phaya ngenxa yobusela.
ebakhathazayo le ngoma.
mamfene: Hayi tata mandize nesabhokhwe lo Rhulumente ukhoyo uya kukubopha izandla neenyawo. (ephuma etantazela uMaMfene esiya kuthatha isabhokhwe abuye esithe qhiwu busichaselisa ngathi woyika ukuba singangena nakuye, sity'ukutya kwaso isabhokhwe kuZizamele).
mamfene: Hayi tata, andikamboni, phofu unento yokuqala aqokelele iimpahla phambi kokuba abuye. Mhlawumbi uqale khona nangoku.
mthetho: (Emnqumlela) Igugu lingaba likhulu umbombo uyaqhosha!(kungene inkosikazi kaMthetho ibuze impilo kuDlamini, yakugqiba yenze iti. Kuthe emva kwethuba elide bencokola, wacela indlela uDlamini.
zizamele: Ndicela ubuze phaya kuye Mfundisi.
zizamele: Heyi! Kuyaphithizela apha! andazi nokuba mandiye ngaphi. Ndiphi kona xa ndilapha Mandifathule qha nokuba ndiya kweliphi icala. Naba baqhubi sebeza kude bandibethe kudala bendikhalisela amaxilongo. (Ngokumana elaqa-laqaza ufumanisa ukuba kukho abantu abathe chu ngcembe apha emva kwakhe, aqale anyukelwe zizibilini. Bavakale bethetha bephakamisa amazwi bebhekisa kuye). Ingathi bathetha nam nje, Yho! Thixo wam bandivulele iimela. Mandibaleke?
Dlamini: (Eyalela amakhwenkwe) Bambani eziya nkabi zimbini zeebhokhwe zize kwengeza kule sele ibotshelelwe, nize nazo zonke apha kooyihlo.
Deshy: Wasinda njani wena Mhlekazi ekubulaweni?
(KuseBhayi, abafana bahamba ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa bada bayokungena endlwini yabo bafika bediniwe kanobom, baziphose phezu kweebhedi zabo).
zizamele: Ndiyaluva olu qeqesho nithetha ngalo mna ndingaphaya koqeqesho ngeengcinga. Ndinombono wam ndikwazi ukusebenzisa aba mbayimbayi, ndinomfanekiso wam ndihamba ngomnyobo ofana nalo uphandle, ndinamashishini am ndisesingawothiyo umlilo. Umbuzo wam mnye ke ingaba yena uMdlantsimbi Makhosi! Uyifumana phi le mali ingaka?
(Kungena uZizamele ethunywe kolo dederhu lwezindlu zakowabo. Izindlu zahluliwe, zikho ezigcina impahla yeenkabi, zikho ezihlala ukutya, njalo-njalo, ungena kule ihlala ukutya, uhlala ixesha elide engabuyi de unina amkrobe, ufika unyana evele ngemilenze kwixamba leswekile, ubuso bumhlophe qhwa yiswekile).
speeDo: Umsebenzi uza kuhamba lula ngoku.
Deshy: Musa ukugxama mfo kabawo, siza kukuxelela yonke into ngomso. Sicela usibize ngamagama ethu ungathi boobhuti xa usibiza. Ngomso ke siza kukuthengela iimpahla zokulala neengubo nebhedi yokulala. (Ekhomba etafileni). Thabatha nakuya ukutya etafileni utye mfo wethu inokuba ulambile. Siza kushiya wedwa ke ngoku noko iBhayi yidolophu encinane kakhulu uza kulifunda ngokukhawuleza. (Baphume). (Endleleni eya edolophini).
mDlantsimBi: Uyabona ke mfo wam, wamkelekile oko udlule kuGqoloma. Sisilo salapha ekhaya esinoburhalarhume nalapha kum xa singoneliseki. Ube nethamsanqa lokuthandwa sesi silo. Abantu abaninzi siyababukula sakugqiba sibabulale xa singoneliseki. Yiza kweli nqugwala lisemva kweli. Uyabona ke apha kulapho kuhlala intaphane yamayeza. Ikamva likhethwa apha. Ewe ndiyakwazi ukuba ufuna ubutyebi. Ubutyebi buyashiyana, kukuwe ke ukuzikhethela. Ndiwazi onke la mayeza alapha ndiza kuwaxela imisebenzi yawo onke kunye nezixhobo ezikweli nqugwala. Masiqale kula asekuqaleni. La ke abekwe bucala kuba ngawamadoda anemizi. Eli ke lelemfuyo ukuze izale yande. Eli lelokukhupha iintlanga zempundulu. Emva kwelo kukho elokuqinisa umzi ukuze abathakathi bangadlaleli kuwo. Eli lelemali xa ungenantsebenzo. Lo ngumthi wesithunzi woyikwe ngabantu. Lo ngowokuchumisa ukutya kwande emasimini. Lo nguwhoza-whoza webhizinisi, kugcwale bathenge abantu. Lo ngowokukhupha idliso ulibone ngamehlo. Lo mthi ngowokuthintela idliso lingangeni kuwe. Eli lelokukhupha umngqwaliso nesichitho. Sebenzisa lo mthi xa ufuna ukuphumelela emahasheni. Lo mthi uchaza nenombolo yehashe eliza kuphuma phambili emdyarhweni. Uyabona ke lo mthi ngowokuphumelela imibuzo kooMabona-kude, nakunomathotholo. Esi sisigqabo samatyala, uphuma phambili ooMantyi bafe ziintloko bonke, bagqibele ngokulichitha ityala. Iitoliki ziphathwe zizifuthu-futhu. Esi sisigqabo somsebenzi, abaqeshi bakufuna naphantsi kwamatye. Lo mthi ngowokulwa, uboyisa bonke umbethe umntu angakuboni. Esi sisichitho sokuhlukanisa abathandayo. Esi sisichitho sokubethisa umntu ngezulu. Ndiqinisekile uyalazi eli nyana.
Deshy: Ungaqala ngomso ukusebenza?
Dlamini: MaZizi ndicela uxolo, ukuba ndiyaphazama. Ezi zinto siyazilibala kuba besihlala kulawa mazwe.
zizamele: Heyi! Siphi ngoku?
mamfene: Ingathi ngutitshala uBhede nje lo, kodwa ubesuka apha ngoku nje, kutheni (Atsho esofelweyo)?
speeDo: Ndiyawuthanda lo mbuzo wakho. Mfo wethu lama R50 000.00 akuwafumani kuMdlantsimbi xa uze noSmayli oneenduma. Incinane kakhulu imali oyifumanayo kuba uSmayili xa eneenduma uba nexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu. Abona Smayili banexabiso ngabantu basetyhini abakwisithuba seshumi elinesixhenxe ukuya kumashumi amahlanu anesibhozo. Bakhona ke noSmayili bamadoda aneminyaka eqala kwishumi elinesibhozo ukuya kumashumi amathandathu anesibhozo. Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba akukho nomkrwelo entloko. Bayathanda ukusifaka engxakini ke aba bamadoda kuba athanda ukulwa. Ixesha elininzi sidla ngokuzingela amadodana kuba igazi lisaqhuma kuwo kwaye akabinanduma. Ukanti ke nababantwana abancinane, kubo ke sifuna ubuchopho. Ixabiso likaSmayili ngamnye ngama-R50 000.00 xa engenasiphako.
zizamele: Ndiyabulela mhlekazi wam, Makhosi!
Deshy: Silapha mhlekazi, kwaye umsebenzi ugqityiwe.
Deshy: (Emleqa). Hey wena! Mxhaka yima apho. Ufuna ntoni apha ngeli xesha akuyazi into yokuba akuhanjwa kwesi sitalato ngeli xesha?
speeDo: Indoda enkulu sele isilindile.(Bemisa phambi kodederhu loongquphantsi abokhiwe ngokungathi ngamabhuma).
mthetho: Siphilile nyana. Mfo wam sothuswa yile uyenzileyo yokwazi into singakuxelelanga. Khawutsho, uyive phi le ntlalo yeli khaya?
zizamele: Mhlekazi ingaba ndiyabanjwa ngenene Ndenzeni Asingomthwalo wam lo?
zizamele: NdinguZizamele Dlamini mhlekazi.
Dlamini: Kulungile Mfene xa usitsho, kodwa mna ndibona ukungabikho kwempilo kuthi sobabini abe engekho lo nyana wethu.
(Bambonisa noombayi-mbayi bee-A.K 47 bambonisa namayeza amaninzi okuzikhusela).
speeDo: (encuma olugoso) Mhlekazi, kuthiwa kudityaniswe ihashe kunye neqwarhashe. Kuthiwa intloko ivela iyeyehashe, isingci naso sesehashe nomsila ngowehashe, kodwa umbala nayo yonke enye into yeyeqwarhashe.
mtshutshisi: Le nkundla nayo iyakumangalela ngentetho othe wazenza ngethuba ubugula, ubhuda ukhankanya amagama afana nooDlamini, MaMfene, Nkomiyahlaba, njalo-njalo. Le nkundla ithe xa isiva inkcazelo yakho kwiinkundla ezisezantsi kwafumanisela ukuba aba bantu ubhuda ngabo basweleka ngondlela mnyama. Le nkundla ikunika ithuba lokuba uziphendulele.
Deshy: Ngumsebenzi wosuku olunye lo size nawo. Saba nethamsanqa lokubafumana ngemini enye. Bane ke aba sibaphetheyo.
mamfene: Ngowesixhenxe lo Zizi, umcinge ngani na umntwan'am?
zizamele: Inene madoda. (Atsho avule ingxowa kuvele intloko evuza igazi). Nanku nguye kanye lo.
Dlamini: (Kungena uDlamini). MaMfene! Ingaba le nkwenkwe sele ibuyile esikolweni?
Dlamini: (exhuma) Hayi ke uyaphazama Hlathi. Lo mntwana mdala gqitha ngoku yile ntanga sele ikwazi ukuzikhethela okubi kokuhle. Akasoze alinganise abanye xa besenza into engalunganga, ndifuna ukuthi wenza ngabom, nguBhed'idlaba, angathini ukundibulela ngesikhohlela ndakugqiba ukumfumana nzima kanje ndimfumana sele ndimcamile. Ungathi uyephi ngoku ndithetha nawe Ubesele enqatyelwe ngabahlobo le nto ade atshomane namatshijolo afana nalawa?
Mqwalaseli: Nam ndihlala kum, nditya kum. Ingafane ibe nguZetman umamas'baby.
mthetho: Who - o - o! Kungcono kwazinja kunabo abantwana.
zizamele: Nam ndincedwe bubuchule bokuliphepha ela bhubesi. Lithe lakusuka nenkonyana lam lahlafuna. Mna andililindanga ndibinze ngomkhonto lahlanz'iselwa.
BheDe: Kutheni ke uphatha ibhozo esikolweni Usisigebenga?
Deshy: Mfondini ndiyeke ndisebenze (Ephuma ngezithuba emana ukuhlaba emoyeni).
mDlantsimBi: Ndiyanikhulula ke bafo bam hambani niye kuphumla umsebenzi niwenzile. Ikrwala eli liza kuba lapha isithuba senyanga ukuze lixhobe lixhamle lixhakazele ngamava eliza kuwafumana kwesi sisele 56 senyathi.
Deshy: Ndiyakuva kodwa-kodwa. (Esamana ephuma izithuba). Bulela le ngelosi inguSpeedo mfana wam. (Ebhekisa kuSpeedo). Andidibani nale nto yokusebenza nomntu onje. Umisa ibhizinisi ngale nto uyenzayo.
Deshy: Myeke mfo wethu sele eza kuzibonela ngokwakhe, uMgqibelo mnye ngulo wangomso.
polisa: Zonke phantsi, iphi intsangu Phantsi umntu nomthwalo wakhe. (Abantantazelisa ke ejonga umthwalo ngamnye de aza kufika nakulo kaZizamele. Akhupha isinkempe esibukhali kakhulu nompu abe sele emngcambazisa). Mhlekazi izixhobo ezingaka uzisaphi Khawume zintoni ezi zikwezi pokotho zengxowa (Libone umbayimbayi oqhaqhwe wazizijungqu). Ngenene simfumene lo mgulukudu kudala sikufuna. Ngena evenini, eminye imibuzo uya kuyiphendula phambili?
Dlamini: Ilishumi elinesithandathu mkhuluwa.
zizamele: Mhlekazi bendiza kubhideka xa bendingayazi into endiyizele apha eZimbabwe kodwa ke andinanto ndiyifunayo ngaphandle kobutyebi bemali, iyeza lamapolisa, elamatyala asezinkundleni, nelokuhambisa iziyobisi.
elinye ipolisa: Hayi masimvalele, enye into lo mfo andimqodi ingathi azililanga ncam. Utheni engasoyiki nje?
Deshy: (Bengena eMdlantsimbi). Heyi! Majita sisilo sendlela esi, xa ngoku sesilapha. (Bayafika kwaMdlantsimbi).
Bhala: Masikhululane maZizi mkhulu lo msebezi kufuneka siwenzile kwaye ezi ntsuku zimbalwa. La mapolisa makaphande ngesi sihelegu. (Kuyachithakalwa).
JaJi: Ngubani umTyholi?
Dlamini: Nkqo-nkqo! Bhele, Mhlekazi ndiyabulisa.
zizamele: (Endleleni eya kuQumbu). Manene sijonge kwelakuthi ngoku.
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MlunGisi: Siyazama mkhuluwa, sigxotha ilifu elilengalenga phezu kwalo mzi wakwaNdoyibeleka.
ZenZile: Ungandikakazi dadethu. Ndiyimbaleki enyanzelekile ukunkqenkqeza kumathafa okufa. Nokuba ndiyathanda, nokuba andithandi, laa ntambo kufuneka ndifikile kuyo kuba yibhanti yobomi. ManDi: Owu ngoku bendisancoma?
MlunGisi: UMacebo nguye owandiphulula iinduma zakho endibonisa le nale ngemeko yakho.
Diko: Ukuba neenkani ndifathula ndibheka phambili, kuya kude kwaphuk'ilungu lentamo njengokuqwathaka kwamasebe omthi omkhulu.
Diko: He mfazindini, ufuna kuthiweni kanye kanye?
Wenza ukuba makwenzeke izinto eziqhubela ibali phambili.
ZenZile: Unokufanela ukuncoma, ngoba okwangoku lisagabukile. Awu madoda, ukushiya ilizwe elinje ukuba namathuba! ManDi : Bhuti uza kuphila.
Diko: Inyani yinyani.
noZi: Akusakhumbuli phaya kwamfundisi uNgxabalazile?
noZi: Andikho apho ke mna. Sizama le naleyaa, sibopha amabande. ManDi : (Uyalila) Uthini yen'utata?
MlunGisi: Ingathi uza kuthetha.
ZenZi: Enkosi mamNgwevu. (Uyalila) Kum litshon'emini.
Diko: Ayaphilisa amazwi akho Macebo.
MlunGisi: Intombi yakho imbizele i-ambhulensi waya esibhedlele iFrere apha eMonti.
Macebo: Ewe, bhuti ndiphilile. Unjani ke wena?
MlunGisi: Njani na ngoku, kuba siza kundibhida esi siNgesi, ingakumbi xa sithethwa apha kwezi seli fowuni.
Macebo: Kaloku zonke ezi ziganeko zenzekayo kwela khaya, zijika zibe ngumsinga okhukulisa ingqondo yakhe.
nesi: Bazali bam, akhange ndibe nexesha lamixube nazingcambu zemithi akweli gumbi. ManDi : Sisemfazweni apha. Silwa notshaba, ukufa.
Macebo: Hayi bo! Ithi uyaqhula.
Diko: (Eyitsibela) Hello! Kowu ingathi ngumfazi wam uyabuza ukuba andikafiki na.
MlunGisi: Andali, ndiyaziva ezi zibakala uzibekayo, kodwa indikhathazile indlela asikhuphe ngayo emzini wakhe ngathi ugxotha umshologu.
Diko: Apho inzima khona le nto, lo mntwana uyakhatywa nasisibhedlele.
Macebo: Mhlawumbi ke yiloo minyaka mininzi mihle kubomi bakhe obungaphambili, iminyaka aza kungena nayo kwisithokothoko sengcwaba, minyaka leyo ebekufanele ukuba isizwe sakhe siyaxhamla ngaye.
Diko: Niyazibonela ke mawethu.
MlunGisi: Ndithi unyana wethu uZenzile uyafa.
noZi: Kanti ubuthe nini ManDi : Ndithe ndisebenzise lo mnyinyiva wogwayimbo lweetitshala kazwelonke?
Diko: Andisakhumbuli ntoni?
Abalinganiswa nendlela ababunjwe ngayo.
MlunGisi: Ke ngoko, thina singumkhosi okhusela lo mzi wasekhaya.
Macebo: Kulungile ke bhuti sobonana ngomso.
noZi: Sowuvukile Zenzi nyana wam?
noZi: (Embambazela) Umhle, umtsha, awukagugi. Sukuzisola ke nyana ngoba loo nto iyakukubuyisela umva.
ZenZile: Ayiyodwa njani?
ayabulela: Iyhu, umama wabulawa nguwe tata?
Macebo: Ngen'emxholweni bhuti.
Macebo: Ewe bhuti yiloo nto.
noZi: Ithi ifuna ukumbona uZenzile ebuyela emsebenzini wakhe.
ZenZile: Mama, andilulo usana, nasana olukhasela eziko.
ZenZile: Ukuba uxolo belucelwa kubantu abalandulelayo eli, ngeba ndicela uxolo kwintlaninge yamantombazana, iintyatyambo zelizwe lethu.(Uyalila) ManDi: Hayi Gaba, indoda ayikhali ngolu hlobo.
Diko: Ndiphilile ndiza kutsho Gaba, njengokuba ubuvile ndichaza kuMlungisi.
MlunGisi: Apho ndishiya khona uyakundikhumbuza Macebo.
nesi: Nkqo, nkqo, nkqo!
Kusekuseni. UNozi uvuswa yintombi yakhe ngesitshoqolo sekofu. Kuthi kunjalo kungene uDiko ebuya emsebenzini, naye azicelele impungo. Kuyaphungwa kamnandi kukwancokolwa nangohambo lukaZenzile ukuya exhweleni. Kancinci kukho ukungavisisani phofu uDiko woyika ihlazo lamaGqirha akugqiba ukuba ligosa lecawa. UMandi uma entla uthi oxhela eyakhe akabuzwa.
Diko: Hayi ngolu hlobo.
noZi: Amagqirha, iintelezi, imihlabelo, iingcambu nemithi esetyenziswayo, zonke ezo zinto zezikaThixo.
Diko: Nozi nkosikazi, akunazintloni ukuvumelana ngesikizi eli nje, phezu kokuba usazi ukuba thina singabantu becawa?
ayabulela: Hayi mna ndiza kubiza umakhulu notatomkhulu.
Diko: Lwakudilika ke uthango, uye uthini umhlambi?
nesi: Loo ntetho isusela entwenini?
Diko: Niyabona ke baninawa bam ukuba le nto yam, yokuphuma nomsebenzi ithuba elide, yingozi.
noZi: (Evuya) Ntomab'am maan! ManDi : Thetha tata sukuthula kuba isiXhosa asitolikwa.
nesi: Ndiye ndibaxelele ngolu hlobo xa besithi 'inyama enyameni', ndithi 'uthuli elithulini, umhlaba emhlabeni', ukuba baqhuba njalo, baza kufa.
ayabulela: Ndiyeva tata, kodwa andikulandeli.
noZi: Yima ke nyana wam ndikuthi wambu ngale ngubo.
MlunGisi: Hayi ndivile.
MlunGisi: Kakuhle kakhulu mkhuluwa. Njengokuba nawe ubona ukuba ngalo mzuzwana ubuye ezingcambazela.
Macebo: Umfundisi UNgxabalazile ngulo uquqa apha endlwini ethuka amaxhwele namagqirha esithi linye iGqirha lamagqirha, nguThixo, kanti uthi lala gusha ndikuchebe.
ZenZile: (Encwina) Ndimamele.
MlunGisi: Yiza ngapha bhuti kweli gumbi lunosapho lonke.
Diko: (Ebakhaphela) Hambani, hambani apha.
noZi: Ewe, ukuzalwa kwakho kwenza uvuyo olukhulu emzini wam.
ZenZile: Kunjalo ke nyana wam!
MlunGisi: Ndiza kungen'emxholweni.
ZenZile: (Uyakhohlela) Nigqibe malunga nantoni?
ZenZile: Ekukhuleni kwam, ubusoloko undixelela ngovuyo olungako ukuzalwa kwam.
noZi: Akhona amaxhwele, amagqirha akhupha izidlanga emntwini. Ndithetha ngamagorha, izanuse njalo njalo.
noZi: Kulungile. Ndiza kwenza utsii gxada.
MlunGisi: Bhuti uyazi ukuba ngexesha lamaqhwa obomi kuthi, nguwe ilanga elinyibilikisa iintliziyo zethu ezithe gxwa kwikhephu leemeko.
noZi: (Esonga izandla) Mandi ntomb'am, asisonganga zandla. ManDi : Kukuthini ukuthi akusonganga zandla ube uzisonga ngoku ndikujongileyo.
noZi: Kowu! Amehlo am ayantlaluzela lolu thuli, andiboni kakuhle. Khawuthi khe ndijongisise.
noZi: Yintoni yise kaZenzile?
Diko: (Evela) Kowu niyawathetha ngam.
noZi: (Uyalila) Hayi kaloku sana lwam, asinakukuyekela, sisonge izandla udlavuzwa kukufa sijongile.
Diko: (Uyamthuthuzela) Thula nkosikazi, siyakube siyamvuyisa uSathana kweli dabi sikulo. Khawuqhube ke Mlungisi.
MlunGisi: Kunjalo bhuti.
ZenZile: Zizivubeko zeziyolo dadethu. ManDi : Ungalahl'ithemba.
UDiko noNozi baxhalabile. Basemotweni yabo esingise kwalapha kwaGompo kumzi kaZenzile.
noZi: Enkosi, Zenzile ngokusakhela ingqili yomzi onje unganyanzelekanga.
MlunGisi: Kaloku thina sakhuliswa ngubhuti kuba abazali bethu bakhawuleza bayibek'inqawa.
Diko: Yaphelela phi le yenqununu kunye nenkwenkwe ManDi : Iyandikhathaza mna le nto, andifuni kuqhubeka nayo?
noZi: Kanti uhleli nento engaka?
noZi: Ngqo, kona ukufa!
noZi: Uyabona ke ukuzala kukuzolula! ManDi : Ngoba namama?
Diko: Simamele Nesi, uzibeka kamnandi ezi ngongoma. ManDi: Hayi uyathetha.
noZi: (Encwina) Mh-mh!
ayabulela: Awu! Xa kunje yeyele!
noZi: Mandi ntomb'am, ndigqiba kuthetha noyihlo, uthi bavene nabantakwabo. ManDi : Kungcono ke xa bevene. Bathi baya nini eziNkomeni?
noZi: Onke amatiletile enziwe kudityaniswa le naleya, oogqirha, izibhedlele, imithandazo ilapha. ManDi : Utheth'into endiyaziyo.
Macebo: Ubufuna sithini Simvuse okanye sibambisane ngaye ukumsa enqwelweni?
Macebo: Lixhwele eliya, ixhwele elabhabhisa uthikoloshe lihlab'umhlaba. Lamfomba ngesonka esitshisayo sombhako wayakuzifela ezingcongolweni.
ZenZile: Kutheni kaloku ungandivusanga?
Diko: Pheza Macebo uyandivuselela ngoku.
noZi: Mandi ntomba'am. ManDi : Ndingapha.
nesi: Uyabona ngoku simshiye eqala ukuthi balulu amehlo.
Diko: Yhe mfazindini uthembele ngantoni?
ZenZile: Asiyaleki. Iziyolo zobomi kuthi bantu batsha ngathi ziyafika, kananjalo ngathi ziyedlula. (Uyalila) ManDi : Hayi kaloku bhuti.
Diko: Maxa wambi zizibona zithiwe qho emqaleni ngesitropu sokufa. Kuba bubutyobo, zimbi zibuthise endimeni zide zifele apho kulo ndima le uthi wena Mlungisi masingaphumi kuyo xa kunzima. Siphuma endimeni kuba sizama ukufun'uncedo.
noZi: Zisuke zibe ninzi izinto kuyihlo eziyitsho intloko yakhe ibeshushu. ManDi : Hayi kodwa mama.
Diko: Mandithezele emnxebeni. Ndivela kooMlungisi.
noZi: Kwanele Zenzile ngoku, pheza.
Diko: Kanti ke neenkabi zakuphum'efolweni, umbhexeshi ubuya azifake endimeni.
noZi: (Ngesingqala) Kwanele Macebo.
noZi: Yitsh'uphinda Mandi. ManDi : Khawuthi khe ndiyokuvusa ubhuti.
noZi: (Efixiza) Tata kaZenzile, ngesithezela emnxebeni. Unyana wethu wezemvaba kuye lixubayele.
ZenZile: Iminyaka yam!
Diko: Nam bantakwethu ndifana nonyana lo wam, ndiyagula emphefumlweni.
Diko: Niza kumana nihluphana noThixo nibuye niqhayise ngokuthandazela izono zenu.
noZi: Simzise apha endlwini. Ezi selula zenu azinazigqibo. Kudala sikuzama suke kuphendule umlungukazi, hayi ke, ibe yiloo nto. ManDi : Nibokushiya umyalezo mama kubi ngoku apha ekhaya. Uphi ngoku ubhuti?
Macebo: Usabetha kakuhle bhuti Mlungisi.
MlunGusi: Ewe bhuti.
Macebo: Kuza kufuneka senze konke esinako ukugxotha eli lifu lijinga phezu kwalo mzi wakwaNdoyibeleka.
Diko: Ewe, Nesi.
Diko: Khawuyeke ndiye kukhangela abanakwethu.
ZenZile: Asazi! ManDi: Ndiza kubuya kwakamsinya, kuba sele ziza kuvalwa izikolo.
ZenZile: (Usathetha) Ndabulala elo kamva lezo mveku ebeliya kuthi thaa liqaqambe ukuba ngaba umoni onjengam, ebengakhange ankcenkceshele esitiyeni ezo zithombo, ngamanz'anetyhefu...
Diko: Makhe siyiyekeni le yale Nesi. Nihambe njani?
noZi: Unyanisile Mandi. ManDi: Sihlangana neendidi ngeendidi zabantwana. Kuzinjubaqa zilapha, amanxila nawo alapha, kuyo yonke loo nto athi lo Rhulumente masingababethi aba bantwana.
Diko: Wena Macebo uphilile Gaba?
noZi: Into esiyifunayo thina likhubalo lokuphilisa unyana wethu. Nokuba elo khubalo lisezantsi kwiinzonzobila zolwandle olulwayo, nokuba liphezulu kumngcipheko wencopho yentaba iKhilimanjalo ebhudla imimoya, lingade libe kwisithokothoko somlilo onqanqaza iintlantsi ongahlalwa nto iphilayo okanye kwelesithathu izulu, ukuba ngaba likhona icebo, maliye kulandwa. Ndimi apho ke mna Mandi. ManDi : Hayi mama ndikwelo nam.
ayabulela: Hayi tata ngoku ufanele ukuya kwagqirha okanye esibhedlele.
Macebo: Sizama le naleyo, sidibanisa iBona neWamba ukwaphula amandla esiphango sokufa. Masingatyhutyhi bhuti esi siphango simanz'amdaka.
Diko: Musa ukuhlola apha. Akubhujwanga apha. Uza kusibizela abantu bale lokishi yakwaGompo.
Diko: Yitsh'uphinda ntomb'am.
noZi: Sigula sonke tata. Okubalulekileyo ngalo mzuzu, kukuba sibe ngumthwebeba weenyosi ovingce kweli khaya. Kungabikho zimbobo uSathana aza kuthi gqobho kuzo asohlule.
Diko: Mandinishiye ndiyokubek'amacala.
noZi: Hayi sukulwa.
ZenZile: Gxebe phofu nawe mama ndiyakusola. Ubenegalelo ekukhwezeleni kule mbiza igxabhagxabhazayo engumbulali wesizwe.
Diko: Okokuqala booGaba, ndizokucela uxolo apha kuni ndizithoba.
noZi: Ewe, gxebe hayi Ayabulela. Mbuzo mni na lo undibuza wona?
noZi: Izibhedlele zoyisiwe kukuncothula ulwamvila lokufa kuZenzile. Kukwaseso koogqirha noonesi, ndibala ntoni?
Macebo: Kodwa ngoogqirha abazakuqinisekisa.
Macebo: Khawumamele bhuti eze nalo ibali ubhuti Mlungisi.
ZenZile: Mama ufuna ukusola uThixo ngohlobo esidalwe ngalo thina madoda?
ZenZile: (Liyangcangcazela ilizwi) Undiqeqeshile tata, undohlwaya xa kunyembelekile. Nezivubeko endinazo ezixananaze emzimbeni wam ayizozakho, zezelizwe. Izivubeko ezi kungoku nje zindiqweqwedisela kwisithokothoko esimnyama sengcwaba.
Macebo: Bhuti sifathula ebumnyameni.
noZi: Esi sifo lutshaba kwesi sizukulwana sanamhlanje.
noZi: Akunambono ke noko myeni wam.
noZi: (Ekhala) Awu, maNgwevu! Kuthiwani na xa kunje na?
Diko: Uyazi, inganjalo naleyo Macebo! Ukanti kwelinye icala, uzisola ngokudlala ngexesha lakhe, yaza yahamba iminyaka.
Diko: Uyayibona na loo nto mfazi?
ZenZile: Ukuba ngaba ndandiyikhathalele, ngendingekho nje. Ukuba ngaba ndandiyikhathalele, umfazi wam ngesaphila. Ukuba ngaba ndandiyikhathalele, ngendingakhange ndinibeke kolu sizi nikulo. Kungabantwana bam ngamaphalandlela bahamba begciniswa. ManDi: Asikho lusizini thina ngawe, siya kuthanda.
noZi: Jongana nolu khuko lokufa ukulo. Sukuluvumela loluleke lunabe, lubheke phaya. Luqoshelise nyana wam lube ngangomahambehlala.
Ulandela umlinganiswa oyintloko ngethuba eqongeni nangenani leentetho.
Macebo: La mfo, akafuni nokuva ngabo bantu.
Diko: Niyakuthini kaloku ukuchithakala xa ndingenayo?
nesi: Ukuba ngaba ke abantwana bahendekile, siyabaxelela okokuba mabasebenzise intsilathi eyikhondom.
noZi: Nankuya kwelaa gumbi elutywantsi.
Diko: Mfondini, uthetha ngento endiyaziyo.
noZi: Kuzezi ntsuku nje, uyihlo uneenkani okomdlezana wekati.
Diko: Umba ophambili, ngulo wokusa uZenzile kula nkintsela yexhwele eziNkomeni, eMdantsane.
Macebo: Hayi bakhululwa bam, ndisoloko ndingumngqungu okhoyo mna, ningaxhali.
MlunGisi: Sikhona bhuti.
noZi: Unyanisile mntwan'am. ManDi : Mandihambe ndiyokuthi bhuxu bhuxu izitya ndakugqiba ndiquthume.
MlunGisi: Usela kathathu ngemini.
Diko: Inene liyafingiza, ilifu lokufa lilengalenga phezu kophahla lomzi wam.
nesi: Enkosi Mandi. Ubusithini ke mama?
nesi: Hayi, ukuphunga asinto endiyixabisileyo. Ungandipha nje wena amanzi ndisele, kodwa ingabi ngawefriji ibe ngawempompo.
noZi: (Efixiza) Hayi, hayi ngekhe mntwana wam.
noZi: Nto nje?
noZi: (Limyile) Andiyithethi yonke mna loo nto.
Diko: USathana udlala ngam.
ayabulela: Xa kunje kufuneka ubuyiselwe esibhedlele.
noZi: Kulungile ke, siza kubalungiselela.
Diko: Kudala ndikuxelela ndisithi wena uyamfekethisa uZenzile.
Diko: Kaz'ukuba konakele phi na booGaba!
Diko: Hayi torho Nozi ndiyaqhula.
nesi: Ndakugugela phaya. ManDi : (Ephakama) Makhe ndikuphe into ephungwayo.
ZenZile: Mama torho ndicel'undishiye, ndiphelelwe ngamandla, kudala ndithetha.
Diko: Nindibona ndithule nje, ndivela kubantakwethu. ManDi : Simamele.
noZi: Ndiyavuya ukhona ntomba'am. Mveke, usuke abe nje. ManDi: Tata asingobantu abasemngciphekweni wokufelwa ngunyana wabo, nguwe nomama.
ZenZile: Awu! Akwaba ulutsha lwanamhlanje beluya kufunda isifundo ngam. ManDi : Kutheni ungcangcazela kangaka nje?
noZi: Limyile, kaloku ngumfundisi wakhe lowa.
Diko: Kukuthini ukungabinamfobe Lo mntwana uphum'esikolweni ngenomsila yona imfundo?
noZi: Uthetha kamnandi Nesi.
Abalinganiswa ngaba bantu bathatha inxaxheba ebalini, ngabo abathi ngenxa yezenzo neentetho zabo baliqhubele phambili ibali. Ukuze ke ibali libe nobuncwane makubekho lo ufuna into ethile, aze athi nokuba udibana nezithintelo (eziza nabantu, nendalo okanye izithixo) angayeki lula ukuphumeza iinjongo zakhe. Kwelinye icala makubekho umntu okanye abantu okanye iimeko zezulu ezimthintela ukuba afikelele kwiinjongo zakhe. Abanye ababhali badala nomnye umlinganiswa othi aphembelele avuthele le ngxabano ukuba mayikhule, maxa wambi enanjongo zimbi, okanye engulwimishe nje. Banikwa amagama ke aba balinganiswa ngokweentlantlu zabo. Lo usungula isiganeko esikhokelela kwimpixano kuthiwa ngumlinganiswa oyintloko okanye iprotagonisti. Lo uphikisana neprotagonisti ngumchasi okanye yiantagonisti. Lo uvuthela udushe phakathi kweprotagonisti ne-antagonisti ngumphixanisi okanye itratagonisti.
noZi: Yitsho tata.
Diko: Maxa wambi azimelani nomthwalo onzima.
Diko: Xa oyise isibhedlele besingoobani ke thina?
noZi: Khawutsho itheni?
Macebo: Uyazi sisi ukuba xa silambile sikhala kuqala.
ZenZile: Sii madoda!
ZenZile: Kunjalo dadethu. ManDi: Musa ukucinga kangaka.
ZenZile: Ubudla ngokuthi wena mama, ndawumisa nkqi umzi obuhexa, ungafunwa ngamadodakazi akho.
Indima yesithathu: uvutho-ndaba nesiphelo.
Diko: Imilowo yakowethu iza kubuya ihlangane kungentsuku zatywala.
MlunGisi: Bathi ke ubetheke ngolona hlobo esothuleka phezulu ebhedini.
Macebo: Andiqondi ukuba wena uyafika apha kum ngokukhathazeka. Apha emhlabeni kufuneka uzifundise ukwaphulela.
Diko: Nozi mfazi, zalel'elubala uxel'usikolpati esithi nyubelele phaya intloko yakhe.
ZenZile: Khona izidwangube, iingcungcu ezimilomo mide zeli lizwe zomfimfitha ncindi eziyithatha phi na, xa iintyatyambo zeli lizwe zibunile(Uyakhefuzela) ManDi: Akufunekanga uzisole kangaka, ngokwenza njalo usola uThixo?
nesi: Imifuno enjengebhitruthi, khaphetshu, umnqatha noomagalika aba, gxilani kakhulu kwezo zinto. ManDi: Phela kwento ubhuti ayitya ngalo lonk'ixesha.
ZenZile: Ubuye Mandi, wenz'ubuyo lweenkabi. ManDi: Kodwa ngoku bhuti, ndiyayincoma imeko yakho.
MlunGisi: Macebo mninawa nathi sinemizi. Asinakulinda ubhuti ade asitshove ngathi sitshelwe zizicheku.
noZi: Uphume eligqabi apha. Akatshongo nokuba uya phi na.
Diko: Leyo milowo yakowethu iselubala.
Apha ke uNozi usekwigumbi likaZenzile. Uthetha yedwa ngentlungu akuyo ngenxa kanyana wakhe uZenzile, Kungen'u-Ayabulela engabhungisanga.U-Ayabulela, uyakrokra okokuba umakhulu wakhe ebelila, umbuza le naleya.
noZi: Kanti naba bafundisi uboyikayo, akuyazi ukuba benzani ngaphaya kweendonga zemizi yabo.
Macebo: Kant'uphi yena usisi?
ayabulela: Uthi ungqengqile. Ndiyavuya ke xa umama engqengqile. (Ehleka) Uza kubuya avuke umama makhulu?
noZi: Sukubasahamba. Nantso intombi yakho iphethe ukutya.
nesi: Ewe Mandi. ManDi: Kungangcono kakhulu ukuba nileli gqiza leSebe lezeMpilo nikhe niye nakwesa sikolo sam.
noZi: Bambi baphath'iisabile, kungamazembe, yimikhonto elubengu bambi bangxasha imfakadolo.
noZi: Hayi masithule sesifikile kwaZenzile.
noZi: Owu! Kazi ukuba kwenzeke ntoni na...
noZi: Hamba ke uyokuhlamba izandla ze emveni koko uzokutya.
ZenZile: Kona kona bendiyakuthanda ukuba ngumqabaqaba njengempepho ephuma kwiintaba zethemba. ManDi: Hlala apho ke ethembeni.
noZi: Xola Mandi liza kubuya libekhona ixesha loko. ManDi : Utheth'ukuba ndiza kuphindela emsebenzini ndingambonanga utata?
Diko: Ndoyik'ihlazo lamagqirha. ManDi :(Ephakama) Tata, uyawukhe ke ungazenzi izinto zakho ngenxa yabantu abaxakene nezabo izinto phofu.
noZi: Nokuzama ezinye iindlela zokwaphula amandla amanzi esi siphango acand'umzi wam waba yimiwonyo.
Mandisa: Kusengavel'uncedo elo bande lingekavikiveki liqhawuke, elo bande lingummiselo phakathi kwakho nokuphila.
noZi: Besinyanzelekile nathi sinoyihlo. Ngamalungelo wabantwana ukondliwa, ukunxitywa, ukufundiswa nokuqeqeshwa, zizinto ezingundoqo kubomi bomntwana ezo.
Diko: Awu ndatsho ndachukumiseka.
noZi: Isizathu kukungaphili kukaZenzile.
Diko: Ewe, kona kona kunjalo.
ZenZile: Utsho njani ManDi : Masiwavalele bhuti?
Macebo: Ndikuvile bhuti usitsho ngemeko yaphaya emzini wakho.
Diko: Hayi myeke mninawa.
noZi: Uthi itheni na iminyaka yakho Zenzile?
noZi: Ubusowuchithakala umzi wam. ManDi : (Ekhuza) Hayi bo! Le nto yakho notata ibiyendele olo hlobo?
Diko: Lo mntwana uMandi uthethe gca ngolwimi olungenamkhinkqi.
ZenZile: Kanene ubuthe nguAyabulela okubikele ngolu daba lwam ManDi : Ewe, undibhalele umyalezo obuhlungu wawuthumela ngeseli fowuni yakhe?
noZi: Uwagqibile mntwan'am. Ukuba siyathetha siya kube siyawagxobha.
Diko: Uselula kakhulu Zenzile. Akukadibanisi namashumi amathathu la eminyaka.
Diko: Kodwa mna andisakhathali, into ephambilli kukuphila konyana wam.
Diko: Uyagula uZenzile. Kudala ndandimxelela okokuba makangabi phandl'apha. Namhla isala kutyelwa sibona ngolophu.
Diko: Kanti kufuneka uthethe kuba lixesha lokuthetha izinto ngoku. Andithi uZenzile ubuya esibhedlele izolo oku?
noZi: Hayi tata kaZenzile. Akwenziwa ngolu hlobo.
noZi: Hayi unomona.
noZi: Ewe . Uxolweni torho, andibanga sabulisa lixhala.
noZi: Ngokucacileyo bathi makafele ezandleni zethu.
noZi: Undibetha emlonyeni wena, akufuni ndize nayo le nto. ManDi : Uxolo mama, thetha ke.
MlunGisi: Unyana wethu uZenzile uyafa.
Kusebusuku, uMandi ukwigumbi likaZenzile. Ugqiba kutyisa uZenzile oleleyo kungoku nje. Kungena uNozi embulela ngegalelo alenzileyo lokuwenza umzi wakhe ungaqhekeki kuba yena Nozi ebesegqibile okokuba, uyahamba.
ZenZile: Yona iyaphokoka njengomphunga ophuma kwimbiza enomsindo, imbiza ebilayo.
Diko: Inkonjane iliphangele ihlobo.
Diko: Andizange ndibuye ndonwabe emva kwengxoxo ebishushu phakathi kwam nabo.
Macebo: Khona ngoku, ugqiba ukungcwaba umfazi kaZenzile. Kuthi kunjalo kugula uZenzile egulela ibhokisi emnyama.
Macebo: Masimophulele, kuba ukuba ngaba besinokuba sezihlangwini zakhe ngale meko, besiya kuyiqonda imeko akuyo.
Diko: Usathi banqabile wena, kanti abekho.
ZenZile: (Ezogquma) Mandilale, intloko yam inzima ngathi ndithwel'intaba.
noZi: Yho-o! Mntwana wam pheza, thula ngoku.
nesi: Ke loo nto, zibukhali.
Diko: Madoda nindimamelisise kakuhle.
Diko: Kanti uphindela nini eKapa ManDi : Inokuba anikhange nindive kakuhle?
MlunGisi: Watsho kamnandi Macebo.
ZenZile: Yeyele ngenene, Gaba wam. Ayisafuni ntsontela nkqu nembombosholo ukuyanyula, xa kunje yoxhelelwa ngaphakathi emhadini, namhadi, umhadi weemeko lo ndithe lontsho kuwo unaphakade.
ZenZile: Emandundu ManDi : Ewe, emandundu bhuti.
ayabulela: Andikulandeli tata.
Diko: Ndiyabuya, ndiza kukushiya apha nyana nonyoko.
MlunGisi: (Ehleka) Hayi kaloku bhuti asingobantwana, nathi sinezinto zethu ezizezinye ekufuneka okokuba sizilungise.
noZi: Uyihlo uyishiyile imoto. ManDi : Oh! Iza kuqhutywa ngutat'omncinci uMacebo?
noZi: Bamxhase ngapha nangapha ukumsa emotweni.
MlunGisi: Abantwana beli xesha banzulu, abaviwa nangodondolo.
Diko: Hayi ntomb'am kum aphele emlonyeni. ManDi: Ngoku udonga lwendlu lukekelele ngakuwe.
Ezinye iingcali kubhalo lwedrama ziwuyeka apha umdlalo ngesiphelo esothusayo okanye zikhombe nje indlela apho iya khona, ziyekele kumphulaphuli/umbukeli azigqibele.
noZi: Sithi abafanele ukuthi enkosi kuwe.
noZi: Eyona njongo yam kukuthintela isichotho singayicandi inkundla yomzi wam ze ibe zizigodi. Kwanele...
MlunGisi: Akazange abenjeya ubhuti, ubomi!
Diko: Ufike emaphikana, hayi ke sagilana nonyoko.
ZenZile: Ndayenza, ngenene. Ndosulela abantwana babantu ngeli gagu lesifo, kwada kwafa nomfazi wam eseze ngobuso elizweni, mna ndamenza weza ngomva elizweni. ManDi: Edlulileyo, idlulile. Makhe sifune isisombululo.
ii. Kuhle ntoni kumlinganiswa (kubalinganiswa) oyintloko?
Diko: Ndithe kuni hambani, anizozithulu.
noZi: Ingathi ngevuswa kuba ukuthwala umntu oleleyo kukuthwala inyanda yamatye.
noZi: Xa amajoni omhlaba oyisiwe lutshaba, akuthethi ukuba imfazwe iphelile.
MlunGisi: Akanakuphuma kuwe loo mazwi bhuti.
noZi: Ukuba bekunjalo, ngeba uZenzile lo uyachacha. Olu tshaba lungukufa lucel'umngeni. Olu tshaba lungukufa lubetha lubuyelela okwezulu laseMthatha.
MlunGisi: Asitsho mkhuluwa ukuba uThixo asimthembi. Kodwa uThixo unceda ozincedayo.
Macebo: Sithintela loo nto ukuba ingenzeki kwakhona.
noZi: Hayi tata, ayinamsebenzi. Mna ndova ngawe ukuba nimisa njani na.
ZenZile: Ndithini na ke mama?
nesi: (Ephakama) Neli zulu phandl'apha lisaqabukile. Nimyeke nina usalele ningamphazamisi.
Ukuba umbhali unomyalezo uye ucace gca apha kweli nqanaba.
noZi: Owu, kanene amanenekazi aqala aziqoqoshe akasuki athi vuxa phantsi.
Macebo: Into endiyithandayo kwela xhwele alikuxeleli ngakuthakathwa komntu, ukuleqwa ngabantu, umona, njalo njalo, linyanga isifo qha.
Macebo: Xa woyisiwe umkhosi womhlaba, kuthiwani?
MlunGisi: Ewe, kunjalo, qha sifike ungekho apha ezintsukwini.
MlunGisi: Asazi kuba siye saziziliza ukuphendula loo fowuni. Kodwa yona ibicaca okokuba iphethe udaba olubi kakhulu.
noZi: Andifuni kuhletywa mna, kuthiwe abantu bomzi wam ndibabulalisa ngenxele likaKhetsekile.
noZi: Heke, Nkosi yam!
Xa unokususa omnye kwaba balinganiswa bexabiso kwakuba nzima ukuya phambili kwebali ukanti xa ususe omnye kwaba bangabalulekanga ibali linakho ukuya phambili.
Diko: Phum'egusheni ke Mlungisi uyeke izagwelo asixesha lazo eli.
Apha sifakwa kwigumbi ekuthe saa iimbewu ngeembewu zeempixano ezahlukeneyo eziza kuqhambukisa ingxubakaxaka yongquzulwano. Iziganeko nezenzo zabalinganiswa eziza kudala ubhentsu-bhentsu kwidrama zithe natya phambi kwababukeli.
Diko: Andifuni ibuye ngam le ntetho ithi 'isala kutyelwa sibona ngoluphu.'
ZenZile: Iminyaka yam mama!
Macebo: Ewe, utshilo. ManDi : Uqhube wathi, masihlale silindele ucingo lokusazisa ngemeko kabhuti.
noZi: Nankuya erhoxoza kwela gumbi liluzizi. (Esolatha) Akafuni nantwana ubile xhopho kodwa ukhala ngengqele. ManDi : Hayi mama! Kutheni ningamsi esibhedlele nje?
noZi: Kunjalo kanye Mandi. ManDi : Uyabona ke kwesi sigaba, ndifika ndibe yindindi.
Macebo: Ngoku bhuti yintoni exhalabise uZenzile?
noZi: Akhange sithi kuza kubakho umhlahlo kulo mzi.
noZi: Xa inkunzi yenkomo ibhovuza ihlabanisela umhlambi ebuhlanti, ivale uthango, umhlambi wenza amatiletile.
MlunGisi: Ndithi ke bhuti sibizwe nguMandi ngeselelula.
noZi: Ndithi kuye emfazweni umkhosi ohlaselayo asingomajoni omhlaba kuphela.
Diko: Qhuba ndimamele.
noZi: (Uyalila) Ndisendleleni. ManDi : Usendleleni?
Diko: Alimkanga ixesha, ukuba ngaba into esihlangene ngayo apha ilulutho, inzuzo. Limkile ixesha ukuba ngaba apha sihlangene ngobuvuvu, into engakhiyo.
Diko: Andinamntwana wam oza kubhilabhilwa ngamaxhwele apha.
noZi: Hayi soyikile de yazithulela.
(Ebusuku kungena uMandi izikolo zivaliwe. Uyothuka akugagana nombhumbutho womthwalo kamama wakhe, aqonde ukuba ikho into embi.) ManDi : Mholo mama.
ZenZile: Uthini na ngoku mama?
noZi: Ungathi ndiyamthethelela uyihlo, izandla zakhe zigcwele. ManDi : Mandihle nomcinga ke xa utshoyo.
noZi: Kunjalo Mandi. ManDi : Ixesha lokuba sicinga ukuba uza kuthini uzipeqengeshe ngempilo kabhuti lidlulile.
noZi: Ewe, ndisendleleni. ManDi : Endleleni eya phi linje ukuba libi phandl'apha?
Diko: Tyhini, madoda!
noZi: Sukuthetha loo nto. Ebesitya ubutsha bakhe. ManDi : Kodwa thina akukhange usifekethise njengaye. Mhlawumbi yile nto inguye qwaba indodana yeli khaya.
MlunGisi: Ngoku unyana wethu uyabuthisa phakathi endimeni. Uyabuthisa xa kanye besiqala ukuvityoza sisitsho amakhwelo sivuya sisithi uyihlabile ifolo.
Diko: Qhubani ke ukuba nibona njalo.
ZenZile: Masithembe bazali bam okokuba ekugqibeleni kuza kucac'icala!
Zahlulwe zaba mbini iindlela zokubumba abalinganiswa.
MlunGisi: Bacinga okokuba ilizwe eli liyabavumela, kanti liyabavalela. Umntu angakwazi nokuphuma kuloo ngxingwa yeenkathazo.
ZenZile: Lilo elindilahlileyo, kuba ayikho eyam. ManDi : Hayi bhuti ungathethi njalo.
noZi: Zicenge kaloku uyakhutywa. Uthi ke ubufuna ukuthini?
nesi: Sanukuba neentloni ke ngaloo mayeza esiXhosa, into ebalulekileyo yeyokuba asetyenziswa ngendlela ehambelana nomgaqo-siseko. ManDi: Unyanisile.
ZenZile: Kowu madoda, ndadlala ngobutsha bam. Lo mhlaba andawuhlonipha, waza wandigugisa ndimncinci ndinjalo.
Macebo: Ewe, simamele. Intsusa mabandla yintoni?
Diko: Njani, kuba uthe yena uza kuva ngam.
MlunGisi: Kule ndima ndiyigangathayo, ndihlakulela kanye loo nto.
noZi: Kanti kudala uMandi eyibizile. (Usafixiza) ManDi : (Usalila) Andazi bootatomncinci ukuba ithiwani na into enje?
ZenZile: Inene, xa kungoku isikhuni sibuye nam, mna mkhwezeli waso. Eyona nto kukushiya u-Ayabulela noFalethu beziinkedama.
nesi: Lilonke ke, ukuba ngaba la mayeza esiXhosa ngokwenkolo yenu ayasebenza, qhubani, into ebalulekileyo yimpilo yomguli.
ZenZile: Ndizigqibele mna ndimqulathisa ngezeli lizwe, ndayoba emva koko.
Diko: Kanene baninawa bam nithi kukho into ebenifuna ukundicebisa ngayo malunga noZenzile?
MlunGisi: Imoto yona nguye. Kodwa maan, isantya sintama okokuba kubi apho kubi khona.
noZi: Yile ndigqiba ukubalisela yona.
noZi: Musa ukuzisola, asinguwe wedwa umntu odyobhadyobheka kolu daka.
noZi: Bendisatsho ke ukuba, akuphathwa sikhali sinye xa ulwa notshaba.
noZi: Kwixesha esiphila kulo akukho ndoda, namfazi. Into ebalulekileyo yimvisiswano nokubambisana kwabo bazimanye ngeqhina lomtshato.
ZenZile: Selivikivekile kulindeleke nje ukuba maliqhawuke njengokuqhawuka kojingi abantwana bedlala. ManDi: Kudala ndisithi kuwe sikhona. Bek'ithemba ngaphambili, ubeke ilishwa ngasemva.
MlunGisi: Sijongene notshaba kulo mzi wasemaNgqosinini, utshaba olukukufa.
Kusisankxwe ngathi noNozi uphazamiseke engqondweni emveni kokuba izinga likaZenzile lokugula liphakame de wawa phantsi ebhedini. Ubika olo daba kootatomncinci bakhe, Zenzile lowo uthe cwaka ungathethiyo.
Ebusuku, kwigumbi eliluzizi likaZenzile. UZenzile ukhathazekile kakhulu akufumanisa okokuba le mfazwe igqubayo kowabo kungenxa yakhe. UNozi emveni kwengxabano noDiko uqokelela ubumpahlana bakhe uza kuhamba.
Macebo: Ukuba akukholelwa, buza ababekhona ukubelekiswa kwalo hili ngesonka sombhako esitshisayo.
noZi: Ewe. ManDi : Bahamba ngantoni?
noZi: Ewe, yile ndisoloko ndithetha ngayo ifundisa eKapa.
Diko: Yitsh'uphinda Macebo.
Macebo: Hayi ngoku, mhlawumbi ekuqineni kwemini singayifuna into ephungwayo.
Macebo: Kwelo cala, yitsh'uphinda, kwanele.
ZenZile: Akazange abeyinkedama umntwana ofundileyo. Uba sisipili sesizwe, ilanga lohlanga elikhanyisela abo bahamba befunyanwa bubumnyama nangamaqhwa obomi.
Unesingqala kuba namhla abantwana bakhe abanaye umama ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuziphatha, kwaye maninzi amantombazana athe wawosulela ngesi sifo kuba kaloku yena ebezenza inkunzi yebhunga. Ebengafuni kugqithwa lokhwe waze ngaloo ndlela wosulela intlaninge. Umbhali uyasivezela ezinye iimpawu zesi sifo. Usichazela ukuba uZenzile lo ebekhe axhaxhe yingqele nokokuba kushushu kwaye maxa wambi ebekhe ayobe aze athethe apha naphaya.
MlunGisi: Hayi bhuti khawuyeke sikushiye. Iveki yonke sihleli kwaBhodlimpilo. Inokuba iintsana zethu ziyatshisana ekhaya.
ayabulela: Utata makhulu uyaqhawuka. Uthethe nam wathetha nangezinto mna endingazaziyo, iinduli zaseMtsotso eMdantsane apho athi kulele umama wam phakathi kwazo.
Macebo: Zakudamba iimpuphuma zobomi, nengqondo yakhe iza kuzinza.
Diko: Uhlamba iphepha Ziintoni na ezi zinto ziqhubekayo kweli xesha ManDi: Masiyiyekeni le nto yaba bantwana indiza entloko mna. Khawuthi khe ndiye kubhuti?
noZi: Lasoloko lixubayele emzini wam. ManDi : Hayi mama, ndiyakunqanda.
Diko: Hayi masiyiyeke le ncoko, iza kusisa kude lee, eBhakubha.
noZi: Xola Nesi wethu sidibanisa le naleya sifuna umntwan'ethu aphile.
ZenZile: Kukuzixolisa kaloku mama.
Diko: Sukukhala Nozi akubhujwanga apha.
Diko: Awu, unyana wam madoda!
Diko: Niyazi ukuba ngale ntsasa nizele ntoni.
Diko: (Ebulisa) Mholweni baninawa.
Macebo: Kwaza kwathini?
Macebo: Yile nto kabhuti?
noZi: Kufanele ukuba kubenjalo ke nalapha. Ide ifike nini na le nesi kaZenzile ManDi : Andithi bekufanele okokuba seyifikile kungoku nje?
nesi: Sihlalisa kamnandi kanjani. Yintombi yakho le?
Diko: Nilufumene ke olo cingo oluvela esibhedlele?
(Apha kungena uMandi evela kwanoKholeji eFort Hare. Ugangwa sisikhalo sikamama wakhe ngendaba yobulwelwe bukaZenzile.) ManDi : Nkqo, nkqo, nkqo.
Diko: Inene, ulilela iminyaka yakhe. Uthi nje ukuba atsho, abhedulule amehlo akhe ngathi uza kuqhawuka.
noZi: Ukuba besinokuludiliza udonga lokufa olu lukhulela lo mntwana andazi, inene...
ayabulela: Yima ke tata ndikwambathise, uyaxhaxha yingqele nakubeni ilanga phandl'apha lihlab'umhlaba.
ayabulela: Hayi makhulu.
Diko: Sowungowalapha wena, yiza ngapha.
noZi: Ndifuna ukuya apho ndiza kufika ligabukile. ManDi : Ligabuka, ligabuke, libuye lixubayele mama. Leyo yintlalo yasemhlabeni okufuneka umelane nayo.
noZi: Sixabene kakhulu nalowo. ManDi : (Engakholelwa) Hayi mama torho, kukubi kunje Nivumela uSathana athubeleze kule ngxingwa?
noZi: Hayi ke ndikuvile yise kaZenzile.
Liyagqutha phandle. Kubonakala mganyana umntu luzizi ozayo egibiselekile kukucaca ukuba uphethe udaba olubi.
nesi: Ixesha esiphila kulo limnandi kuba wonke umntu unamalungelo akhe.
noZi: Abafunang'ukuba uvuswe kuba wena ubukobentlombe.
Ezona zinto zininzi apha ebalini zenziwa kuye nguye.
Diko: Mna imeko sendiyamkele, ndazixolisa futhi.
Diko: Zola kaloku nyana wam.
Nguye ixazulula iingxaki eziphixanisa umlinganiswa oyintloko-ukuze nebali elo lizungeleze zona.
Macebo: Thula kaloku sisi sowuhlola ngoku.
Diko: Bafondini! Uphi ke ngoku Usemkhenkceni ManDi : (Uyakhala) Yho, yho! Nkosi yam..?
ZenZile: Eyona nto ibuhlungu nilwa ngam. Andizange ndinive nixabana ngolwa hlobo, ndide ndibemngaka nje.
noZi: Uthini ngantoni uyihlo Nakuye linqumile inqatha. Kudala ezama uyihlo ntomb'am. Loo nto naye ngoku usuke wanentshwaqane. ManDi : (Ekhuza) Hayi mama?
noZi: Kanti ayizondwendwe, yimoto yalapha ekhaya. ManDi :(Emkhupha) Hayi ke Nesi, ufike emva kwedinala.
noZi: Hayi xa kunje, ndisuke ndabayindindi. ManDi : Kodwa ke akukho zwi litsolileyo eliphume esibhedlele malunga nempilo kaZenzile.
ZenZile: Imfundo yam, impumelelo yam, zijike zaba likrele eligrabhuza intliziyo yam. ManDi : Sukuzisola kangaka.
noZi: Zikhona nezibawu ezibhodl'irhuluwa kumkhosi womoya.
Macebo: Phofu jonga bhuti, nolwakho usapho lukhawuleze lwachithakala.
nesi: Njengokuba ubutshilo Mandi ngaphambili ukuba sisemfazweni apha, silwa notshaba olungukufa. Xa usilwa notshaba akukho sixhobo ungasisebenzisiyo uphatha nokuba yinduku.
ayabulela: Makavuke ngoku umama makhulu.
Macebo: Ukuba ibiyimfazwe le ukuyo bhuti, besiya kufuna itola.
noZi: Kwanini. Lisithi thaphu nje ikhwezi bona basendleleni.
nesi: Siligqiza leSebe lezeMpilo elithunywe nguRhulumente, sihamba kuzo zonke izikolo zeMpuma Koloni, Ntshona Koloni, onke la maphondo. ManDi: Unomsebenzi omkhulu xa kunjalo.
Diko: Yile nam indixakayo. Kodwa booGaba kona kona ukuhamba uyahamba.
Diko: Ndikhe ndafowunela aph'endlwini izihlandlo ngezihlandlo.
Diko: Nozi mfazi, niphilile (Edidekile) Kwenzeke ntoni bantakwethu Khanindibeke endleleni?
noZi: Ukhawuleze ke ubuye uzokutya.
Diko: Bendingafuni ukuvuma yonk'into ngathi ziphungulekile apha kum.
noZi: Ukuba kunjalo, ngendandikuqhomfe usesesiswini sam. Ngoku ndihamba nawe ungulo mlwelwe unguye kunye nabazukulwana bam.
Diko: Andiyazi mna kaloku andisoloko ndikhona apha phakathi kwekhaya. ManDi: Hayi andinaxesha layo. Kodwa kuza kufuneka ndijonge ukuba umoya ubheka kweliphi na icala.
ZenZile: Nguwe na lo uxambulisana nomama ekhitshini ManDi : Ewe, ndim Zenzile?
noZi: Heke, mxelele ntombi yam. ManDi: Ukuba uza kuphikelana nabantu basemhlabeni, ungaphela. Yiyo le nto iindlela emhlabeni zininzi, ithi yakungalungi le, uzame leya, njalo njalo.
Macebo: Qhuba bhuti.
Diko: Ziphi Mandi, yitsho?
ZenZile: Mus'ukukhathazeka mntwan'm akukho kuthini. Kuthiwa kwaXhosa isilonda siphila msinyane ngokuchanjuzwa. Thula, thula wena usule ezo nyembezi.
Diko: (Ngomsindo) Baninawa, ndicela ukuba nindikhwelele kungenjalo liza kutsha ibhayi.
ayabulela: Phumla kaloku tata, usazilile kuba akuntsuku zatywala umama simngcwabile.
Akho amaxesha apho uthi ngokufunda ubhaqe ukuba umlinganiswa othile kukho izinto angafuni kuthethwe ngazo.
noZi: Abeva abantwana bethu.
noZi: Kazi ukuba yenzeni na iminyaka yalo mntwana.
noZi: Le inguNontlalontle walapha eZiphunzana?
noZi: Le yakho, ayiyodwa.
MlunGisi: Ayinakulunga loo nto.
Macebo: Ukuba kunjalo ke bhuti, masihlabele mgama.
ZenZile: Ukutsho ke tata isiphango sobomi, isiphango esimathontsi abanzi, siyandikhukulisa...
MlunGisi: Ewe, singatsho ukuthi ize kuloo mphanga nangona singekafumani ngxelo inasihlahla kubaphathi besibhedlele.
Macebo: Sisimanga esi!
noZi: Andikho kuyo yonke loo nto uyithethayo.
Diko: Ude ke usuke ngapha eKapa eKhayamnandi ManDi : Tata, ubomi bukabhuti bubalulekile kum?
Macebo: Kwantlandlolo mna bendilubekile olo luvo kubhuti.
noZi: Ndivisisise ntomb'am. ManDi : Hayi khawuqhube.
Macebo: Ningalahli themba nina.
ZenZile: Ikroti elinjengam lingathini na ukunikezela ManDi: Ndiva ezi zinto uzithethayo?
MlunGisi: Enye into endiyithandileyo kulo, licocekile.
noZi: (Udidekile) Kaloku itheni iminyaka yakho?
ZenZile: Hayi mama kusafana nayizolo. Akukho mnyinyiva.
noZi: Qhuba simamele.
MlunGisi: Ndisuke ndee minxi ingqondo.
noZi: Ngena tata. Kukuthini ukunkqonkqoza emzini wakho?
noZi: Hayi, akunjalo Zenzile nyana wam.
ZenZile: (Engahoyi) Ndaxela inyoka etshica amathe atsawulayo apho lowo ulixhoba wophanyaka unaphakade lize libe mfiliba ikamva lakhe.
noZi: Ndivusa uchuku ngoku. Ukunqaba okungaka ManDi : Bamba ke nanga akanonkala?
Diko: Akunazintloni hi?
MlunGisi: Ndisatsho nangoku, azange ndambona ubhuti enjeya.
noZi: Xa kuhlaselwa utshaba, akuphathwa sikhali esinye.
Ebusuku kwaDiko, uNozi ulwa nomyeni wakhe ngokungabaphathi kakuhle abaninawa bakhe, ukutsho ke uMlungisi noMacebo.
Macebo: Ubomi! Andizange ndikubone ulibhexesha kangaka eli hashe lakho. Leyo iselubala, kukho apho konakele khona.
MlunGisi: Nokuba besihlala phi phi phi, nditsho lee emalandalahla, kumba onje nantoni na esiyenzayo masiyicokisise, singagqwagqwi.
MlunGisi: Kangangokuba mna ndandisithabathile isigqibo sokuba andisayi kuphinda ndilubeke unyawo lwam ekhaya.
ZenZile: Funda wena umfimfithe ubusi bemfundo kumakhambi obu bomi. Imali ndinilungiselele nokuba mna ngomso kungathiwa ndiyikhabil'ibhekile.
MlunGisi: Kodwa ke ekugqibeleni uligazi lethu, xa esifuna siza kuya.
Diko: (Engaqondi) Uthini na lo mntwana?
noZi: Uhleli nathi tata kaZenzile, khawubenesizinzo.
ZenZile: Anikhange niqalise ukusonga izandla mama ngemeko yam.
noZi: (Ebakhupha) Kamnandi.
MlunGisi: Hayi, uthini na ngoku?
ZenZile: Emandikutsho kuwe, ndiyagula mna. ManDi: Xa nditshoyo Ngqosini omhle, yenza amazwembezwembe omfo kaGxuluwe, uphume ugqobhozele ngaphaya kwenkungu yokufa ekufuthaniseleyo.
Diko: Ixesha sazalwa limkile emhlabeni. Saba ziimveku limkile, saqingqa sahamba saba badala lisemkile. Lashiya ookhokho bethu. Liza kumka lishiye nabazukulwana bethu nesizukulwana esizayo. Sibangaka namhlanje, kwaye siza kungena engcwabeni lisemkile ixesha.
Diko: Masithembe okokuba loo mlibo uya kuhlanza amathanga aya kubalikhubalo kolu nxunguphalo lwalo mzi.
noZi: Utheth'ukuba uhambile utata ngolwaa hlobo?
noZi: Akunazintloni ukuthi mna mandiyokulala, abe umntwana wam engalalanga ziintlungu zenyama nomphefumlo?
Diko: Baninawa bam, ndiyanivumela okokuba niphinde niye phaya emzini wam. Likhaya lenu eliya, sibonisane ngeendlela ezinokwenza uZenzile lo, unyana wethu aphile kwesi sigulo simthe qho ngobhongwana.
Diko: Ugqiba kugxeka abantwana ngokuhlupha, ngoku nawe ugezela uRhulumente wethu. ManDi : (Ehleka) Kuthiwa yiba ungabhaqwa.
Diko: Yiza nawo loo mphini.
ZenZile: Kukuthini ukungacingi nzulu kangaka ndikwinzulu yeenkathazo ManDi: Ngxe bhuti?
Diko: Sesihlabele mgama. Into nje eseleyo bantakwethu kukuthath'iintonga, sifunze apho uncedo mhlawumbi lungafumaneka khona.
Lo umlinganiswa siyakholelwa kuye kuba uyafana nabanye abantu esiphila nabo. Unazo iimpawu ezintle ekwanazo nezimbi. Isimo sakhe asishwankatheleki sibe sisivakalisi esinye.
Macebo: Lixesha lokuchubelana ngamava obomi njengokuchubelana ngeenkozo zombona. Kuyatyiswana apha. Kuyaboniswana apha. Kuthi nokuba kwenye indawo akuvisisisi kakuhle, uzicenge unqunquthe ezo nkozo, uginye nokuba kuyakrakra njengoko injongo yethu inye, iyeyokuphumelela kweli dabi linzima sijongene nalo.
ZenZile: Njani na mamNgwevu?
noZi: Ukuba ngaba ibingeyiyo into yokufika kwakho, uyihlo ebeza kufika kukhal'ibhungane apha. ManDi : Utsho na mama?
noZi: UMandi akabaleki wena koko...
Ngaphakathi endlwini. UDiko nenkosikazi yakhe enguNozi bangena begxalathelene emveni kokuva ngoAyabulela ukuba uZenzile uwe ebhedini, ukufa kumongamele.
noZi: Ngubani othi umfazi kaZenzile samnika amayeza esiXhosa?
MlunGisi: Ngathi booGaba siphumil'endimeni ngoku.
noZi: Lathi lixokozela ibandla lakhe, wema entla umfundisi ethsuthsuza, egabha, efutha, ezicima esenza yonk'into athi ayilunganga ebantwini phambi kobuso bukaThixo. ManDi: Ngabula yena. Kweli xesha siphila kulo tata nawe mama, oxhela eyakhe akabuzwa.
Diko: Madoda, niyitsho ingqondo yam yema.
Abanye ababhali besiXhosa baye basebenzise nezibongo. Apha kwizibongo sithi sichazelwe lukhulu ngomlinganiswa lowo.
noZi: Hayi, sukusa apha. Ucinga ukuba uza kubalisa ibali ube sowulishiya phakathi. ManDi : Masiyiyekeni le nto.
nesi: Silumkisa uluntu ingakumbi ulutsha ngezinto eziphathelele ngezesondo.
UDiko uhlangana kwakhona nabantakwabo koo-C eZiphunzana. Bathe nqwadalala emzini kaMlungisi. UDiko uyakhala engxengxeza, ucela ukuba kuphindwe kuhlanganwe ngokutsha kwakhe.
Diko: Aba bantu bahlangene apha bahlangene ngento engenasihlahla?
Diko: Wayekela wena. Wavula zabhuqa uZenzile ebuya nanini na okanye angalali nokulala endlwini esemncinci. Kuyintoni ngoku?
noZi: Kuthiwani tata xa kunje Andithi uyamva umntwana wakho etyatyadula okwegqirha elinqulayo phezu komlambo?
MlunGisi: Sikwincopho yelo liwa kanye, esinokusuka sityibilike ukuya kubetheka ezantsi ukuba ngaba asilungisi kuhlala.
Diko: Sii, Madoda!
MlunGisi: Lo mhlaba awuhluthi! Lo mhlaba awaneli!
Macebo: Lolunzima olu ulophu!
noZi: Kwenziwa amatiletile. Kukhutshw'iinkwili zomkhosi wamanzi.
nesi: Into emphetheyo ngoku lixhala.
noZi: Itheni iminyaka yakho?
ayabulela: Ewe tata ndimamele.
noZi: Khawuqhube ke.
Diko: Nditsho yona mfazi.
Macebo: Andiqondi sisi ukuba kukho imfihlo kule nto.
noZi: Mandi, akuntsuku zatywala ebuyile esibhedlele. ManDi : Ke ngoku kutheni enje kodwa ubuya esibhedlele?
Macebo: Sizilungise apha ngendlela yokwakhana.
Diko: Ntomb'am enkosi. Hamba ke uyokubeka umgodlo wakho mna ndiza kube ndihlinza impuku nonyoko lo. ManDi :(Ehamba) Tata xa kusiwa isichotho, asingomama yedwa oza kukhukuliswa seso sichotho.
noZi: Khamyeke khe aphumle. ManDi : Hayi ndimnyanzele nje ukuba makatye ze emveni koko ndampha iipilisi namayeza, waza walala. Ulutywantsi, usuke wandithi phuhlu nje ngamehlo.
ZenZile: Ndandithe saa njengamathol'esagwityi, ilizwe lindivumela, lingumphangalala, kanti ekuhambeni kwamalanga obomi, liza kubuya lindicuthe ndibe yile nketshe- nketshe yomgodlwana uphezu kwale bhedi.
Diko: Ndiyakubona uphithizela ngapha nangapha okwebhabhathane.
noZi: Ukhe wabazisa na abantakwenu ngolu daba?
Diko: Lo Rhulumente ngamanye amaxesha uyayekelela. ManDi : Ithe dyumpu ke loo nqununu kweso siziba seenkathazo.
MlunGisi: Usapho lwakho uluthele gca ngobungangamsha bukaBhodlimpilo. Ubakhaphe uDiko wayokubabeka kwizindlu zabo.
ZenZile: Ndithomalale njani libe isebe lelifu lesiphango sokufa lilengalenga phezu kwam ManDi: Ukanti nesebe lelifu lokufa liyakwazi ukuthi lilengalenga njalo, kuthi apho ekujingeni kwalo nokuguquka kwemozulu liyokulahlwa jwii qelele phaya yimimoya, kuvel'imitha yelanga ebomini bakho?
noZi: Khon'ungatshongo Mandi. ManDi : Into esiyimisa phambili ngoku luncedo nokuba lolukabani na konyulwe ubhuti kwesi siziba sokufa athe zwabha kuso.
Macebo: Nilwela ntoni kukubi kunje sisi?
ZenZile: Ixekexwa elinjengam, naninina liza kuyikhab'ibhekile. ManDi : Akuthethwa njalo bhuti.
Diko: Hambisa mninawa.
noZi: Xa unokubalahla jwii ngokwamanzi anentsila.
noZi: Wenze njani ke?
noZi: Bekuhlangene imilowo yalapha ekhaya, ukutsho ke ootatomncinci bakho. ManDi : Qhuba mama ndikumamele.
noZi: (Ephakama) Hi, uthini Ulibala izolo oku . OoMlungisi ngabo iliso lalo mzi njengokuba wena usoloko usendleleni ngenxa yempangelo?
Macebo: (Bayaphakama) Siza kuhamba naye uZenzile, xa kukho imfuneko yakho siza kukubiza.
Nguye ochasa umlinganiswa oyintloko.
Diko: Hayi wena Mandi kubi apha endlwini, asivani nonyoko.
noZi: Hayi ayikho loo nto.
Diko: Khawume Nozi ngezi zinto zakho.
Diko: Kodwa le yamagqirha namaxhwele ingen'iphuma engqondweni.
Diko: Hayi siyazi nyana wam.
noZi: Hayi suka khawuthule!
Diko: Ungathembeli kuMdali kuphela nje xa usazi ukuba ezo zinto ziphantsi kukaThixo?
ZenZile: (Engahoyi) Xa kunje kazi yoze ibuye ifike na iNtwasahlobo Khona, xa inokufika, yoculelwa ziintaka zaliphi na idada Xa zinokucula ezo ntaka, zomfimfitha kweziphi na iintyatyambo xa zithob'unxano, zivuyel'ukuthwasa kwehlobo?
noZi: Kwakunini ngoko?
Kuyaphindwa kuyahlanganwa yimilowo. Ngoku uDiko uyavuma okokuba uZenzile aye eGqirheni.
noZi: Zenzile nyana, ndofa apho ufa khona.
noZi: (Usalila) Ndithule njani ukufa kukuxikixe kwakuvikiva wanje?
Macebo: Siyakuva mkhuluwa.
noZi: Kanye yiloo mpendulo endiyifunayo kuni. UZenzile qho kusisa, imeko yakhe iya ithath'unyawo. Nakulaa mzi wakhe, sigcinise laa gqirha asebenza naye phaya eFrere Hospital.
ZenZile: Uthi makuthiweni kanye kanye mama?
ZenZile: Uyandambathisa wena, kodwa mna Zenzile ndoyiswa kukwambathisa umama wakho ngengubo yothando. (Uyakhala) Endayenzayo into kukumambathisa ngengubo yokufa, wagodola wabanda, nangoku ulele kobandayo.
Diko: Andifuni magqirha apha. Loo nto ndiyayibethelela.
Macebo: Kanti ke bakhuluwa bam, neliwa lokufa liyadilizwa, kubemthebelele ngathi zange kube zingxondorha namageduka kubomi bendlela yakho.
Diko: Uthi ke bayakuze bayeke ukugeza aba bantwana ManDi : Andifuni kuthetha kakhulu mna kuba neendonga zineendlebe?
noZi: Tyhini, ngumzukulwana wethu u-Ayabulela!
MlunGisi: Hayi umve kakuhle Mandi.
noZi: Ndithi Macebo nakuwe Mlungisi, uZenzile wothuleke phezulu elele ebhedini.
MlunGisi: Ndiyakuva Macebo.
ayabulela: Amehlo akho makhulu abomvu. (Eyengezelisa iinyembezi) Thula kaloku makhulu, utata uza kuphila akazukufa.
ZenZile: Ungalili nyana wam, okwangoku akubhujwanga nokuba ke kuza kubuye kubhujwe, kwaye, akuntsuku zatywala.
noZi: Uyaxoka Mandi! ManDi: Inene mama, anazi nto nina.
noZi: O! Ude wayicingisisa loo nto?
Diko: Ntomb'am okwenzekileyo kufana nokudaliweyo. Nide nathi uphi umzimba wakhe.?
noZi: Kunjalo mama. Uz'undive kakuhle ntomb'am! ManDi : Ndizindlebe ndonke mama.
MlunGisi: Uxakwe yintoni sisi?
noZi: Nam Ngqosini mandiyokuncedisa intombi yam ekutyiseni uZenzile.
noZi: Ewe, nyana wam.
ZenZile: Awu, izikhukula zobomi ManDi: Yenza amazwembezwembe bhuti, uwaxwese amanxweme alo msinga weemeko.
noZi: Masingalahli ithemba. ManDi : Kulungile mama, kodwa...
noZi: Kaloku ndikucacisele Mandi ntomb'am. ManDi : Hayi kodwa ke tata ndixolile.
noZi: Siyayibulela ke thina le nto niyenzayo.
Diko: Bantakwethu, ndiyaphinda ndithi kuni ndiyanidinga.
Diko: Akukhange kubekho mntu uphendulayo.
Diko: Lilonke madoda nithi uNozi naye makabekho?
Macebo: Banqabe okwezinyo lenkuku.
Linqanaba lokuqukumbela iziganeko.
MlunGisi: (Elunga) Naku ukwenzeka mkhuluwa, phofu kumntu wonke olapha.
ayabulela: Kutheni kum lungangeni uthuli emehlweni nje makhulu?
Macebo: Lilonke ke bhuti sinawe.
Diko: Isiqabu! Kowu ndiyasazi nesiqabu!
Diko: Awu, madoda!
Uye amhokamhokane nokwenza izigqibo ezithile ezixhomekeke kwezomlinganiswa oyintloko.
noZi: Tata kaZenzile asixesha lakulanda mahasa eli. Lixesha lokuphos'umkhonto konyulwe leyo ixinge eludakeni njengenkala.
noZi: Uthetha loo mazwi anjalo kuwe Inene inokuba ziyamshiya unyana wam uZenzile?
noZi: Yingozi embi leyo.
ZenZile: Ngenene tata kwaz'ophezulu kunye nalowo uhlatyaniselwa likrele leenzingo ngaphakathi entliziyweni.
Diko: Nkosikazi, le nto ingumzi imiwa ngokubonisana.
Diko: Hayi suka wethu! Hamba uyokuqoqosha iimpahla zonyana wakho ngelixesha thina simsa emotweni. Bayamfunqula ukumsa emotweni.
noZi: (Uyakhala) Yho! Umntwana'm...
noZi: Ubhuti wenu sixabana qho okokoko uZenzile elapha. Hayi ndithi azitsali ngakutsala.
noZi: Ndim othi makuxozwe mphini wumbi mayela noku kugula kwakho.
noZi: Hlala phantsi kaloku Mandi. ManDi: Kubi phandl'apha, lixesha lokuba ubani aziphilele ngohlobo oluza kuthi lukholise yena hayi abantu bomhlaba abathetha le namhlanje, ngomso babuye bathethe leya.
noZi: Kukufuna isitya emnyameni.
MlunGisi: Kwatsho kwasa ke ngoku!
noZi: Kobu bugxwabayiba akubo umnakwenu, ManDi : Ndimamele.
Diko: Ukutsho ke izikolo azivalwanga ManDi : Ewe tata azivalwanga ngokusesikweni. Ngutsii gxada lo ndimenzayo. Ndiba ixesha likaRhulumente?
Diko: Iimpazamo endizenzayo nini abokuqala abamele ukuzilungisa.
noZi: Akuvani nabantakwenu.
noZi: Uyakhefuzela kaloku!
Diko: Kaloku bakhule beyintlaka nexolo noZenzile, amafumanana-nkundleni. Bebebonakala kwasekukhuleni kwabo okokuba baya kugcinana.
noZi: Uyambona ukuba ngoku uthothile. Into emkhukulisayo liphika elimtsho agebhuze amagwebu.
ZenZile: Kanye apho ke Ayabulela nyana. Ezaa nduli zithe saa phesha phaya okwesiqalane, unyoko uphakathi kwazo, ungqengqile.
noZi: Uyihlo akanakukwazi ukubalaxaza olwa hlobo ooMlungisi, xa bebezama ukufuna iyeza lokwenza lo mzi woyelayo ubuye ume gomololo. ManDi: Khawume kancinci ngathi ngutata lowa uzayo, ndibona ngesithatha. (Eqwalasela) Heke nguye mama, le nto siza kuyithetha.
noZi: Ukuba yovuthwa!
noZi: Hayi mkhulule torho adibane nomnakwabo. ManDi : Kaloku ngale mvakwedinala ndiyokukhwela ibhasi eWindmill eMonti ukuya eKapa.
Diko: Rha! Uthi ke ezi zifo ziyakuze ziphele ManDi: Umntu ofundisayo unomgodlo womthwalo?
ZenZile: (Usaqhubekeka) Imithi yemisintsi yobuy'idubule na madoda ngeyoMsintsi Zobuye zitakatake na iintaka zedobo zivuya ngeyeDwarha Yona yobuya idubule na inkanga ukutshayelela eyoMnga Owu! Lwafa uhlaza lelizwe lakowethu ManDi: Uthetha apha, ubuye uthethe phaya. Andikulandeli?
noZi: Hayi okunje! Usuka wena ungene nzulu, uze ekwenzeni njalo weyele.
Diko: Andiyenzi into yokuphinda iminyani esele ibhuliwe.
nesi: (Ehleka) Ndiwubonile umxube webhotile namayeza.
Diko: Xolani booGaba.
noZi: Tata kaZenzile, sukuthi akuvani nam.
Diko: Unjani unyana Ukwazile ukuphakama elukhukweni?
Diko: Ndimisa uqilima lodonga lwenyani. Nozi Hayi kodwa wena!
noZi: Myeni wam, njengokuba ebetshilo uMlungisi, sisemfazweni apha. Kumava ethu ale mfazwe, amadabi amaninzi soyisiwe.
Diko: Awu, ntomb'am. ManDi : Xa ndisithi phala- phala amehlo, wena suka wee pheselele waxel'inaliti engceni.
ZenZile: Kukho umsinga wemisinga, othi xa ulibetha iqam lempumelelo, suke ugugume ngakumbi umsinga wobomi utsho untlaleke ku donga lomlambo. ManDi: Thomalala kaloku Gaba omhle.
Lo umlinganiswa ngulo uzama ukuhlanganisa imihlambi eyalanayo. Xa bexabana uzama ukuphelisa impixano.
noZi: Mntwana wam sikhona, apho weyela khona sakonyula. Ngekhe sikuyekele.
noZi: Akunakogqithwa ngabaninawa bakho ngokuthetha.
Diko: Ndingekalibali mfazi, abaninawa bam baza kufika apha endlwini ngomso kusasa.
MlunGisi: Uthi iminyaka yakhe itheni?
nesi: Iyhu esi situlo siphakame kamnandi.
Diko: Uyazi, uyandiphambanisa ngoku.
Onamandla uyaphumelela ukuze izinto ziguquke mpela.
ZenZile: Ziyandiqaqambela iintlungu mna.
noZi: Ezo zihlatywayo lutshaba oluyinkunzi egqubayo, ziwisa uthango ukuzipha amathafa, zizisindisa elutshabeni oluxabe esangweni.
MlunGisi: Akukho sifo lingasinyangiyo elaa xhwele.
nesi: Kubi bazali bam phandl'apha. Ulutsha luyabhubha kwaye ngesantya esiphezulu.
noZi: Kanti uyayazi loo nto?
noZi: Mhlawumbi kuba sekulithuba elide, nemeko kaZenzile isiya ithath'unyawo, angajibilika.
Macebo: He mnakwethu. Asingobhuti lowa uqhumisa olumbhoxo phesha phaya?
noZi: Ewe, kunjalo Mandi. Into yomntakwenu, isuke yamz'entloko. ManDi : Makhe ndiyokumkroba ubhuti.(Ekhala) Yho-o-o! Uwile ebhedini ulele tywaa phantsi.
noZi: Yatsho eyam intombi. ManDi: Xa lungade lume nkqo udonga, luya kubuya ngawe ungacingelanga, mhlawumbi lukuzume ulele. Yingozi ke leyo kuba luya kukucumza.
ZenZile: Ungagungqi, ungabuyi ngamva umelane nezanzwili zobomi.
noZi: Nam andinqweneli ukuya kuloo Bhakubha.
MlunGisi: Umzi welo xhwele uphezu kweziziba zikaGrinika ngakwaN.U.7.
Macebo: Kulo umba, ndiyakucela mkhuluwa ukuba uThixo khe simbeke ecaleni.
noZi: Mna ke nootatomncinci bakho, siye sagqiba, phofu singagqibi sibonisana okokuba makhe sithath'iintonga. ManDi : Mama uthetha ukuba ubhuti makasiwe kubantu besiXhosa?
nesi: Ubundinikile iinombolo zeselula ngoko ke xa kuthe kwakho into ndiza kukutsala esinqeni. ManDi :(Ejika) Uhambe kakuhle Nesi.
Macebo: Uthini ke bhuti?
ZenZile: Kodwa umyalezo onje, ngonzima! Ngowokuba ufe nawo ungawugqithiseli mntwaneni wamntu.
noZi: Soze mna ndiyiyekele le nto. Mayehle eyehlayo, inyuke enyukayo.
noZi: Kaloku lathi ndii kule Monti nakomaDaily Dispatch, nakwiiDaily Sun ibali lakhe. ManDi : Kwafunyanwa inkintsela yegqirha emzini wakhe.
Macebo: Ela xhwele liyavuma ukuba uZenzile unesifo ekunzima kakhulu ukusinyanga. Lithembisile okokuba liza kusithibaza esi sifo de lizame ukusincothula nolwamvila ukuba ngaba linakho.
ZenZile: (Ethetha) Ndayihlwayela imbewu yokufa kumthinjana welizwe lakowethu. Ndayisasaza phakathi kulo mhlaba uchumileyo wakwasizalo. Xa ezo mvekwana, njengezithombo entsimini ziqalayo ukulibona ilanga, zaphanyaka latsho nekamva lazo laphanyaka kweli hlabathi silinqwenelayo sonke.
Macebo: Siza kuphinda sifike apha xa ekhona ubhuti, siluphalaze olu daba loosiyazi.
Macebo: Akufuneki ke ukuba iphinde yenzeke loo mpazamo.
Diko: Asoze bakumamele abanamhlanje, baqalekisiwe.
Diko: Sukwenz'isikhalo mfazi. Masihambe siye kwaZenzile. Ayabulela mzukulwana, sala apha endlwini nabanye abantwana siza kubuya.
Diko: (Uyatshayinta) Unotshe! Kuleyo into ndixolele ukumila ingca emqolo.
Diko: Luphethe luphi udaba?
noZi: Uthi kutheni ke?
noZi: (Usalila) Ayabulela, yintoni wasuka wabayimbumbulu (Emnkonya) Kwenzeke ntoni?
Macebo: Ngenene avakele. Likhona ixesha lokuba ubani aginye nokuba kuyakrakra.
Diko: Yide uphume entweni ntomb'am kaloku siyabonisana.
Diko: Yhe madoda! Akoyiki ukugxothwa uqala nokuqala ukuphangela ManDi : Hayi tata wethu, ndisebenzise lo mnyinyiva wogwayimbo lweetitshala neminye ke imibutho enovelwano nathi ngenxa yemivuzo ephantsi esiyamkelayo?
Macebo: Ndikhe ndathi kuwe sisi hamba ze.
Diko: Neenkabi azivele ziphum'endimeni.
Diko: Hayi ndikuvile Gaba nawe nkosikazi yam.
Diko: Uwagqibile nesi.
noZi: Tata sukumngaxamela lo mntwana. ManDi: Xa izibhedlele noogqirha zoyisiwe, asinakukwazi ukuqhubekeka nazo. Masisingeni ilizwe, likhulu, limphangalala. Masakheni umkhanyo sixele ikhwahla lomsingi weenyosi kumawa nemiwonyo yokufa. Elo khwahla lomsingi, liyazi okokuba phakathi kwalo miwonyo ingajongelwanga ntweni kungafumaneka into enqabileyo, uncuthu mazangwa.
ZenZile: Ndithini ke Mandi ManDi: Musa ukukhala kangaka bhuti ngoba ngoku uyahlola?
noZi: Unyanisile uMlungisi. Akukho apho singxamele khona kwaye nani nihlala kwalapha eZiphunzana.
Diko: Ukumka kwexesha yengena kuncedwa mntu. Sazalwa limkile ixesha, siza kulishiya limkile. Into ebalulekiyo kukuba, unanxaxheba ingakanani na oyenzileyo ebomini bakho nasesizweni sakho.
Diko: Iintloni endinazo Nesi.
noZi: Unephika ngoku nyana, khawuzole. Thotha kaloku ungathethi kangaka, xela ukuwutha komlambo emveni kwesiphango esimathontsi abanzi!
Mandisa: Kanti ke bhuti imbiza ibila ibile ibuye iphole. Naloo mphunga wayo ubuye uduke uphelele esithubeni.
Diko: Ekuhlinzeni kwethu loo mpuku, eminye yemiba esibethe phezu kwayo, ucele okokuba yena angathathi nxaxheba kwezi ngxoxo.
Diko: Makhe sibayeke ooNgxabalazile. Into ephambili ngoku yimpilo yonyana wam.
Diko: Uphezu kwantoni kanye kanye ngobu busuku?
ZenZile: Nonyoko endamonayo uyandidinga ngaphesheya. Uyandikhweba unyoko uthi 'yiza'. Eli liza lokufa linditsawulelayo, mandiliphaxule ukuwelela ngaphesheya.
ZenZile: Hayi kanti, ngowundivusile.
Diko: Yhe Macebo, ubungathi kwasekuqaleni nje,'kwathi ke kaloku ngantsomi.'
noZi: Akunazintloni tata kaZenzile ukubashashalaza ngolwa hlobo abaninawa bakho?
Diko: Uqondile ukuba niza nodaba olunzima kwaye ngekhe sikwazi ukuthetha kakuhle ekhona naye.
MlunGisi: Ikhona enye Ukusuke utshovwe ngolwaa hlobo yeny'indoda ngathi thina asinamizi yethu?
Diko: Hayi andizikholelwa iindlebe zam.
noZi: Khawufan'ucinge loo nto.
nesi: Asikuko nokuba ndiyigolide.
Diko: Bantakwethu khwelani emotweni ndinigoduse, sokubonana nokuba kungomso.
noZi: Inene ntomb'am. (Kukhonkoth'inja) ManDi : Ngubani na lo ukhonkothwa zizinja (Ekroba) Tyhini mama ubungathanga utata uphume nomsebenzi?
Diko: Ewe, ManDi : Kukusa nje kwabantwana besikolo. Yhu, hayi andide ndikuqhele ukutitsha!
ayabulela: (Emnqanda) Hayi tata sukuthetha ngolu hlobo. Ndithini ke mna xa kunje?
Amabanga aphantsi uwenze eMngqesha, isikolo esibizwa ukuba yiBlair-Helen. Apha uthe wafunda kakhulu nangezinto zasemaphandleni. Amabanga aphakamileyo uwafundele kokwabo eMdantsane eInkwenkwezi High School. Isakhono sakhe sokubhala silandwa emva esesesikolweni semfundo ephakamileyo.
MlunGisi: (Bafikile) He madoda! Ukugula kumhlabanisele. Umntwana obethembisa ngolu hlobo emhlabeni?
noZi: (Ekhala) Iyho! Iyho, umntwan'm! Umntwan'am! ManDi : (Elila) Mama, mama musa ukusihlolela torho.
Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo enokubuzwa ..
Diko: (Emangalisiwe) Uthini na Zenzile?
Diko: Hayi mna ndibhidekile. Musa ukuyiza bugungu le nto okwebhokhwe igudla udonga.
noZi: Hamb'uye kubiza ootatomncinci bakho koo-C. Kwa-oko uMandi utsalela umnxeba ootatomncinci bakhe kananjalo nenqweloyezigulana.
noZi: Kwenzekile ke nyana wam.
noZi: Hayi jika myeni wam. Jika siwunikel'umva lo moya unolophu lwasentlango. Ubusowutshilo ukuthi, isala kutyelwa sibona ngolophu.
noZi: Yise kaZenzile, kutheni wasuka waba sisibhovubhovu phezu kokuba uyazi ukuba kufunanwa necebo lokuncothula ulwamvila lokufa olufukame kuZenzile?
noZi: Ungathembeli kuThixo kuphela nje xa usazi ukuba oogqirha, oonesi izibhedlele ziphantsi kwaKhe?
Ukutshona kwelanga! UMlungisi noMacebo basecaleni kwendlu kaDiko eZiphunzana. Balinde ukuza kuthathwa nguDiko ukuya kwaGompo kumzi kaZenzile ongaphilanga mpela.
ZenZile: Thina lutsha lweli xesha asimameli. ManDi : Ngoba kutheni na ngoku?
noZi: Ubona ngolu hlobo, mna ndibona ngoluyaa.
Diko: Lilonke le ndimbane ilapha ize kumphanga kaZenzile?
Diko: Xa nditshoyo ke baninawa bam liyafingiza.
ZenZile: (Esela) Kwanele ngoku ndifuna khe ndithi ngqwaa. ManDi: Sowuzincamile na bhuti?
Isakhiwo sebali lucwangciso lweziganeko ezenzeka ebalini ezithi zinxibelelane ngokufanelekileyo kugxininiswe kunobangela nesiphumo. Ezi ziganeko mazivuselele umdla womfundi zithungelane ngendlela eyamkelekileyo ephuhlisa ubugcisa bombhali. Kwizinto ezakha isakhiwo sebali kumele kubekho impixano, mpixanondini ethi ukuze ibe nempumelelo kubekho abantu abaxambulisana ngombandela othile, umntu onengxaki nesiqu sakhe, ingxaki phakathi komntu nendalo nengxaki phakathi komntu nezithixo, izinyanya okanye amasiko angahambisani nawo.
noZi: Ndithi kuye uyihlo, hayi mandiqale ngolu hlobo. ManDi : Ewe, mama ndimamele.
noZi: Lala ngoku ntandane yam uyagodola.
Diko: Ngumzi wam lo.
ZenZile: Liphika dadethu elindithe tshuphu. ManDi: Sela kaloku ukuze iintlungu zizokudamba.
Diko: Ingqondo yam ixinene andizukukhumbula bonke ubuvuvu.
noZi: Hlala phantsi tata kaZenzile, sukutshayinta.
Diko: (Efunga) Endingazokuyivumela kulo mzi yintlombe yamagqirha ngomntu ozenze ngabom.
MlunGisi: Ndiyakungqinela bhuti, abakho.
Macebo: Umfundisi uNgxabalazile.
ZenZile: Uthi wakweyela kumwonyo wokufa, uqale ukuzisola. ManDi : Bhuti masithethe izinto ezakhayo.
Macebo: Qhuba kaloku sisi, masingakungcambazisi alikho ixesha.
MlunGisi: Ndiyayazi ingqeqesho yakho kuZenzile bhuti. Kangangokuba, intlama yayisoloko idliwa yinja phakathi kwakho nosisi, esithi wena akumfuni uZenzile.
ZenZile: Xa ungakwazi ukuziphatha kakuhle, akukho apho uya khona, nje ngaphandle kokunkqonkqozela umnyango wengcwaba. ManDi : Nali iyeza khawuthobe uyakhefuzela.
iii. Umchasi (abachasi) wakhe yena?
noZi: Ndinibiza nje ndenziwa kukuxakwa.
noZi: Ibuhlungu imeko yakho.
Lo mbhali yimbongi yosiba yeli xesha. Uneencwadi ezininzi azibhalileyo eziquka imibongo needrama ezifundwa ezikolweni.
ZenZile: Uphi umama ManDi: Ndimshiye ekhitshini kuba siyaxabana?
MlunGisi: Izibhedlele noogqirha zooyisiwe. Azikwazi ukuncothula ulwamvila lokufa olubinze lwatshona phakathi emzimbeni wonyana wethu.
Diko: Thula kaloku Gaba, indoda ayenzi njalo.
Diko: (Esukuma) Ndingavuya baninawa bam. Loo nto kula mzi ndimke ndingaxelanga.
Macebo: (Ephakama) Sukuthi wena xa ukholelwa kwinto ethile, ube sowujongela phantsi abanye abantu ngeenkolo zabo.
nesi: Ndiyatsho ukuba sakhe sabonana.
Zenzele: Awu, madoda iminyaka yam!
ZenZile: Uthi ndibenomda Kodwa zona iintlungu azinamda ukutyhutyha igazi nomzimba wobomi.(Uyaqhawuka) ManDi :(Uyakhala) Yho-o!Yho-o!! Mama ubhuti uyafa?
MlunGisi: Xa loo nina wamawele, imfusi okanye amawele lawo engekho, aliyekelwa ilifu elimnyama.
noZi: Njani ManDi : Unokufanela utata ukulwa nawe, izolo oku ubunxitywa ibhatyi?
Macebo: Imeko yakho bhuti siyayiqonda.
Diko: Ndiye ndacela phofu emveni kokuba ndiwuphalazile umcimbi wam. (Kungen'uMandi) ManDi : Sowubamba tata.
ZenZile: Iyingozi ngamanye amaxesha naleyo yokufuna isitya emnyameni.
MlunGisi: Ikhona inkintsela yomagrazula yexhwele phaya eZinkomeni, cebu kuhle eMdantsane.
noZi: Macebo Gaba, ndicel'ukuba uyiphendule.
noZi: Uyazi ukuba basolo belilisoko lalapha ekhaya. Uyihlo ngulo usoloko esendleleni ebuya ngeempela veki, ngenxa yomsebenzi. ManDi : Sikhulele kuloo nto. Ke ngoku yintoni ingxaki?
Kungorhatya lwemivundla, kungena uDiko, Mlungisi noMacebo bavela kuphuthunywa eZiphunzana nguDiko.
noZi: Luza kudilika udonga.
Diko: Kanye apho maz'am.
noZi: Ubunobhatyi buhamba buhambe buphele esithubeni ngempilo yosapho lwam.
Ngoku kuyaphithizelwa ngapha nangapha ngemeko kaZenzile obuyela umva. UNesi ubiziwe wenza zonk'iinzame zokumenza uZenzile athi thimbilili.
Macebo: Atsha pha!
noZi: UMandi selesiza nokutya nje.
ayabulela: (Uyakhala) Awu umama wam!
ZenZile: Nive ngabani ukuba imeko yam imandundu?
ayabulela: Xa ligqutha makhulu ithi loo nto lila?
noZi: Izinto nizona apho. Nihambe nisebenzisa ubudoda nalapho bungangeni khona.
bobabini: Awu! ManDi : Iza kusiwa kwikomiti yoluleko kuba kusithiwa ayiwulandelanga umgaqo-siseko.
MlunGisi: Ubusowutshilo, ngen'endimeni.
Diko: (Ungapahakathi endlwini) Nozi mfazi. Ngubani lo uza apha ekhaya eligqabi?
ayabulela: Andikulandeli ke noko tata.
noZi: Loo nto yaliqhekeza ibandla. ManDi : Kunokufanela kuba yena ungowokuqala ukuma epulpitini egqwalisa amagqirha namaxhwele, kwayena uphakathi kwiimvumisa zamagqirha.
noZi: Xa kuliwa notshaba, bambi baphath'amabhunguza, bambi baphatha amagqudu. Kuziinduku ziphethelwe apha, amadalo akrazula, adaphule isikhumba.
ZenZile: Bon'ilizwe ngeliso lokhozi. Uwahlabe amehlo akho nzo kwiinzonzobila zeenkathazo njengemitha yelanga ekhanyisa kwisithokothoko sobumnyama.
Macebo: Uyabona apho, unyanisile.
Macebo: Wathetha kamnandi bhuti.
Diko: (Ngomsindo) Into engasoze yenzeke kukubiza amagqirha kula masango alom mzi. Apho ke mfazi nditshic'ilothe.
Diko: Hayi nkosikazi ungayenzi loo nto.
Diko: Sezivaliwe izikolo ManDi : Hayi tata?
Macebo: Uthini na kanye kanye bhuti?
noZi: (Ekhala) Ngena Mandi ntombi yam. ManDi : (Othukile) Kwenzeke ntoni Ngwevu elihle?
MlunGisi: Masithembe ukuba lo mlambo weenkathazo utyhutyha ucanda inkundla yomzi kabhuti, uza kutsha ekugqibeleni, phezu kwawo kuhlume ingca eluhlaza esiya kuphumla kamnandi sesibalisa ngokwathi kwenzeka.
MlunGisi: Sakuyigqwagqwa le nto, iya kubuya ngathi isilume njengombona ogqwagqwiweyo.
noZi: Liyakutsha, litshe elo bhayi, kodwa ekugqibeleni lobuya licime.
ZenZile: Hayi ndithi iminyaka yam tata.
noZi: (Esebeza) Thula uza kude asive. ManDi :(Esebeza) Ubuthe kanene uvumile ukuba kuyiwe egqirheni?
ZenZile: Endiyaziyo mna yeyokuba utata uyandithanda, njengokuba nawe undithanda. Le ntsindabadala ize ngam kulo mzi, inditsho loo nto ndikukhwebe ukufa ngezandla zozibini...
Macebo: Jonga, indlu kaZenzile iluzizi, kuyacaca ukuba izinto azimanga kakuhle.
Diko: Kaloku imizi ayifani ifana ngeentlanti kuphela.
ayabulela: (Ephuma) Ewe makhulu wam.
Diko: Iselubala leyo into kuba ufuna uSathana azokugquba apha.
Diko: Ndiyakuva nkosikazi.
(Kungena uMandi kwigumbi likaZenzile. UZenzile ubambekile liphika elimthe mfii kabuhlungu.) ManDi : Bhuti, bhuti iphika elingaka, kutheni?
ayabulela: Makhulu, kutheni ingathi ugqiba kulila nje?
Diko: Ndlela le eminxeke ngayo ingqondo yam, andiyazi nokuba ndityile okanye andityanga na.
noZi: Uthe akufumanisa ukuba umnqwazi awuqini kuba ndizazi izihlobo zakhe wathi, uqinisa umzi wakhe. Ubufundisi ubufundele kanti izithethe namasiko uzalelwe kuzo. Uthini ke ngoku?
noZi: Andizukuphinda phinda into enye mna.
noZi: Ndithini na Mandi ManDi: Uza kwenza phakuphaku aba bazukulwana bakho?
noZi: Loo nto kulaleka nzima ngulo wele- wele wabantu endleleni. ManDi : Khon'ungatshongo.
noZi: Loo nto undothuse kanjani.
Diko: tshintsha amantombazana engekabikho nakwixabiso lokuthandana. Zange ndenze loo nto mna. Kobo budlalani bakhe wena ubububetha ngoyaba ngathi akububoni.
ZenZile: Ndadlala ngomama wakho. Ndadlala nangexesha lam, ubomi ngoko kum babuthe qhakra okwentyatyambo ephezu kwengxangxasi.
iv. Sibuhlungu/Siyachulumanca kusini na sisiphelo eso?
Enkalweni kuthi thaphu uDiko ngemoto yakhe ebuya empangelweni. Wothuswa lilifu labantu emzini wakhe, abe seqonda ukuba litshile ibhayi.
Diko: Endingazokuyivumela yile yokuba uZenzile aye emagqirheni, zikhona izibhedlele.
MlunGisi: Kaloku amazantsi ale ndima siwaqale kunye ukuwahlakula.
Diko: Kudala ndithetha nawe akwandiphulaphula.
noZi: Umisa ntoni?
UZenzile uhleli yedwa kwigumbi elisibekeleyo. Uthetha kabuhlungu ngathi ngoku ulindele isithonga esikhulu azokulusabela ubizo lokugqibela.
Diko: (Ephunga) Le kofu, ungavimba ixhegwazana lisifa ngamehlo. ManDi : (Ehleka) Nyhani na tata?
noZi: Kulo mzi tata masibambisane, ze nokuba kufika iinkqwithelo ezifuna ukumka nathi, zingabinakho kuba sinzima singumthwalo omnye.
noZi: (Ezifihla) Hayi akunjalo Ayabulela mzukulwana wam. Kaloku liyagqutha phandl'apha.
Diko: Ukutsho ke nyana lisaxubayele apha kuwe?
Diko: Ndithini na mfazi?
noZi: Kuziimoto nazo zenz'upo-pop-pu, mvumm. Hayi kodwa ngamanye amaxesha impilo yaselokishini! ManDi : Asizukonwaba apha eDiphini, ingakumbi ngoku kuyimpelaveki.
Esi sifo asinyangeki. Oku umbhali uyakuveza kule ncwadi. Usichazela ukuba izibhedlele zoyisiwe kukumnyanga uZenzile kwaye zide zamkhupha ukuba ayokongiwa kowabo. Njengoko oogqirha abamhlophe kucaca ukuba bayoyiswa ukunyanga esi sifo, abantakwaboDiko kunye nenkosikazi yakhe bacebisa ukuba uZenzile lo makasiwe koosiyazi. Inesi icebisa uluntu ukuba lutye imifuno efana neebhitruthi negalikhi kwaye lizinge litye neziqhamo ukuze lukwazi ukulwa nezifo. Umbhali kule ncwadi uyakhuthaza ukuba uvelele zonke iindawo ocinga ukuba zingakunceda xa uthe wahlaselwa sesi sifo.
Diko: Yinto ephi ke leyo ManDi: Kuyo yonke loo nto xa iziphumo zizibi, uyibeleka ikrwempa?
Diko: Andinaxesha labo mna xa bebhanxa.
Macebo: Iingxaki la mfo ziye zimkhulela ngokumkhulela.
noZi: Thula tata torho sesifikile. Akufuneki ayazi uZenzile into youkuba sixabana ngaye.
noZi: Yile meko yakho.
Diko: Ewe, elo liyinene.
Diko: Ndiyayikhumbula loo nto.
Ukwangumbhali wamabali erediyo anjengoo 'Nayibinza inkokheli hini na!, Ngumzonjani lo, umdlalo o emalunga nempatho mbi yoomama nabantwana ngootata. Nayibinza inkokheli hini na! libali elatsho lanika umdla kubalendeli nabamameli besikhululo sosasazoUmhlobo Wenene. Emveni koko waya kwiYunivesithi yaseWestville kwaZulu- Natal. Sithetha nje usebenza eSABC kwicandelo loLawulo nokuLungelananisa kwaManani.
noZi: Xa ebuzwa uthi lo mntwana le nto uyenzela ntoni ManDi: Uthe lixesha likaDisemba uhlamba iphepha kuba egqiba kubhala iimviwo zokuphela konyaka?
noZi: Mntwana'm ndiyahamba.
Diko: Kodwa endiyaziyo ngale nesi, inobuntu.
Diko: Uthetha kakuhle kakhulu Nesi. Kweli xesha sikulo, akusekho kufihla zinto.
noZi: Yinto encinci.
Macebo: Yafika. Yamisa ngxingxilili imoto.
ZenZile: Kunjalo kanye mama. Ndiyayazi okokuba nantoni na ngam, uxolele ukumila ingca emqolo. Xa nditshoyo tata, andikuphosi kwelokulibala.
Macebo: Uyazi bhuti Mlungisi uthetha eny'into.
Diko: Iititshala kudala bezifudula zingabantu abahlonitshwayo ekuhlaleni.
noZi: Oku kugula kwakho akukodwa. Oogqirha, izibhedlele ziwe nganeno.
Diko: Sob'uphinde undive ndithetha.
Diko: Ungunobhatyi wecawa wena. Ufuna ukundimenya phaya kubazalwana ngala masiko enu.
MlunGisi: Masizameni ukungaphambuki kuba ixesha lihambile.
Diko: (Ephakama) Unongekhe! Ayinakwenzeka leyo kula masango kabawo! Asoze yenzeke into enjalo tu-tu-tu.
nesi: Ndiyabaxelela ukuba iluncedo intsilathi yekhondomu kwizinto ezininzi, uthintelo lokukhulelwa, uthintelo losuleleko lwezifo zesondo, uthintelo kwizifo ezingogawulayo nesandulela sakhe njalo- njalo.
Diko: Ewe, nithembakele nina, booGaba, nam ndingumntu, ndineempazamo.
Diko: (Ecinga) Hayi maan, inokuba ndim lo ebefowuna kuba bendifuna ukuqonda ngemeko kaZenzile. ManDi : (Engakholelwa) Hayi tata. Ingaba ibinguwe nhenhe nhenhe?
Macebo: Ungothuka ufe xa ndinokuxelela ngalo mfundisi walapha eZiphunzana.
noZi: Masingene ngaphakathi endlwini kuba neli zulu lizisa ngamandla. ManDi : Makwenziwe into ngoZenzile mama.
Emzini kaMlungisi koo-C eZiphunzana. Apha kusemveni kokuba uMlungisi noMacebo begxothiwe nguDiko. UMlungisi unomsindo. Uyafunga okokuba akasayi kuphinda awuthi cakatha umcondo wakhe kwaDiko kodwa uMacebo uyamnqanda.
noZi: Koko uyokwenza into etyiwayo.
ZenZile: Xa enqwala amasebe, kunganina mna ndinganqwali, ndingavumi ukulungenela ugqatso lokufa ManDi : Ayikho le uyithethayo, sela lo mxube emveni koko ndikutyise?
Diko: Ewe, ManDi : Kubi ngoku bazali bam. Kubi kakhulu.
noZi: Ndifuna kusiwe uZenzile kwela xhwele laseZinkomeni. Aba gqirha nezi zibhedlele boyisiwe.
Izithole zempixano ebeziqalisa ngokuntshula kwindima yokuqala ziyakhula ngamandla, ziya zibondeka. Unxunguphalo oludalwa yimpixano luyatwebeka, umxhelo uyajaceka, kaloku sijonge kwintlaba-zahlukane uvutho-ndaba.
Macebo: UZenzile ngulo ubhuti abeke iintonga kuye.
MlunGisi: (Ephuma) Mandenze nje isiko lokukhupha kuba ezi zinja ziyakwazi kuba ukwangowalapha.
Diko: Kula malungelo eli xesha kuvel'izifo ezibi, oogawulayo, iziyobisi abantwana bazitya nasezikolweni, yimbubhane nje. ManDi: Hayi tata.
MlunGisi: Andizokwenza ujikelele ngqu ndixel'ukulala kwenja.
Macebo: Khawumamele bhuti.
ZenZile: Baphi na abantwana bakokwenu Ungabaxeleli ooLifalethu ezi ndaba kuba bazimfambilini?
Diko: Kuza kulunga.
noZi: Hayi sukutsho njalo tata kaZenzile phezu kokuba kulo mzi kulenga-lenga ilifu elimnyama.
Diko: Enkosi ntomb'am. ManDi : Besendikuqumbele kakhulu tata.
noZi: Pheza ngoku, kudala usithi 'enkosi'.
Ngoyena othabatha elona thuba lininzi eqongeni.
ZenZile: Kukuthini mama ukungazisoli ngeempazamo zam?
Diko: Wathi ndibeka eli, wena wabeka eliya?
Macebo: Xa intsimi yeemeko yenile inje, kuphuma ilima labahlakuli kubanjiswane, ukuze loo ntsimi ivelise isivuno khona apho isizwe siyakuxhamla, kuxhwithwe ukhula lokufa.
Diko: Ukuze kube kufiwe, kufuneka de kufiwe na?
noZi: Kowu, Nkosi yam!
Diko: (Ephuma) Hayi ke nkosikazi, khawuthi ndiyokutshixa amasango kuba iimoto apha eNomvethe ziyaqhekezwa.
ZenZile: Ugqirha okanye isibhedlele nguwe, nguwe wena mntu uqobo ngohlobo othi wena uziphathe ngalo. Batsho, batsho kodwa nabo banomda abawusikelweyo ekufuneka wena inguwe ozijongayo. Uzijonge mntwan'am ungaphithizeli.
Macebo: Qhuba simamele.
noZi: Hini Zenzi!
Macebo: Avakele mkhuluwa awafuni kugxojwa.
noZi: Akanamsindo qha naye ubeka ezakhe izimvo. ManDi: Andinakho mna ukufelwa ngubhuti, kwanele ngokufa kukasisi. (Elila) Phofu yintoni na le ndiyithethayo Kwakhe kwathiwa kwanele ekufeni komntu ndaweni yokuba loo nto yoko kufa ithintelwe ukuba ngaba ikhona indlela?
ZenZile: (Eyoba) Aninatyala ngam.
Macebo: Watsho ubhuti.
Isakhiwo sebali okanye iploti.
Diko: Bafondini kucace gca ke ngoku nakum ukuba oxhela eyakhe akabuzwa. Abantu bomhlaba bandivule amehlo.
noZi: Isibhedlele soyisiwe sisigulo sikaZenzile. ManDi : Kodwa naye ubhuti udlalile ngabantwana babantu!
Apha umbhali usixelela ngokuthe gca ngomlinganiswa lowo.
noZi: Kowu zizwe!
Apha umbhali usonga umdlalo wakhe ngendlela eya kuthi yamkeleke kubaphulaphuli/kubabukeli, kaloku idrama ifikelele esiphelweni ngoku. Sifikelela kwisiphelo sentshukumo yonke yedrama.
noZi: UThixo makasixolele ngokwaphula uthango lomthandazo asibiyele ngalo, xa inkunzi enguSathana ivingcile emnyango singakwazi nokuphuma, masithini ke?
Diko: Kusebusuku. Masihambe siyokubeka amacala.
Diko: Ndatsho ndakhumbula ngexesha lobukhwenkwe bam, sisanya izapholo.
noZi: Uxolo ke mntwana wam ngokuphatha emanyeni.
noZi: Wawusitya ubomi kuba nguwe kuphela indodana yakwaNdoyibeleka.
Diko: Madoda! Into kaZenzile andiyazi ukuba mayithiweni na!
Macebo: Hayi sisi mayiphendulwe ngumkhuluwa, ukutsho ke uMlungisi.
noZi: Yinyani leyo.
MlunGisi: Khanime. Heke nantso inqweloyezigulane. Iyafika i inqwelo-yezigulane. Bayambhilabhila bamfaka ubuxhakaxhaka bomatshini womoya ezimpumlweni. Nantso inqwelo-yezigulane isenza isijwili esinye ukuya eFrere Hospital.
ZenZile: Bayeke okwangoku kuba bona sebabetha, babetha bedlula kule ndlela yobu bomi; bayihamba ngobuchule kunjalo nje. Abaseleyo nguwe naba bantwana bakokwenu.
Diko: Wawubuhlungu loo mngcwabo!
Macebo: Hayi Mlungisi mkhuluwa, uyazibona ezinje ukukhohlakala izikhukula Zidudula yonk'into esendleleni?
Kukusasa egunjini likaZenzile orhoxozayo.
Diko: Yitsh'uphinda mfazi!
nesi: Zezantoni na tata?
MlunGisi: Ekusibizeni kwakhe sifike unyana wakho elutywantsi, ebanda.
ZenZile: Kowu, yitsho uphinda dadethu, kum limaxongo. ManDi : Unganikezeli, kaloku asinaye omnye ubhuti ngaphandle kwakho.
Diko: Ukufa lutshaba olu lutsha lwanamhlanje lulumemayo ngokuziphatha kakubi.
ZenZile: Mama, ukuba ngaba le yindlela endohlwaywa ngayo nguThixo ngokwaphula imiphefumlo neentliziyo zabantwana babanye oomama, ndiyeke ndiyihambe.
noZi: Ndisithengelwe yintombi yam.
MlunGisi: Yhe Macebo, ndlela le bendinomsindo ngayo.
ZenZile: Awu, madoda umntu endinguye!
MlunGisi: Izolo oku besigqiba kubeka umfazi kaZenzile phakathi kweenduli zoMtsotso eMdantsane.
noZi: (Efudumala) He tata kaZenzile uyaziva nje ukuba uthini?
MlunGisi: Mholo bhuti.
noZi: Izinto kumntakwenu azimntakaNgqika. ManDi : Uyazi ukuba ndiqale phaya kwabhuti kwaGompo, ndafika kuhlala omny'ugqirha phaya kwakhe.
noZi: Hayi ke xa usuke undibethe emlonyeni, mandithule.
ZenZile: Nala mayuku wamantshontsho asemngciphekweni, antyilo- ntyiloza ngokusikayo afuna unina. Xa isikhukukazi singekho amantshontsho aba semngciphekweni, aphil'ubomi bentshontsho, abe phakathi kozipho nenyama. Namhla ezi ntsana zam, u-Ayabulela noFalethu basemngciphekweni wokuxhwilwa ngookhetshe, amakhozi noontloyiya bokufa, xa loo makhozi eqingqa endanda isibhakabhaka sobomi. Akhala kabuhlungu la mantshontsho, kusika ngaphakathi emathunjini kuba kaloku litshonile ilanga! Ukutshona kwelanga asinto intle! Ayakhala afuna unina wawo azokuwathi wambu ngezo mpiko zimfuma- mfuma. Aba bantwana bam baya kubufumana njani ubumfuma- mfuma bengenanina Namhla kum imela igobele esandleni! Neli gazi litsawulayo kweli nxeba lijike laba lichibi apho mna Zenzile ndeyela khona nabantu abaninzi abangenatyala. Nango laa mantshontsho bafondini enanazela ngapha nangapha. Nango etshweda ngokusikayo, ephatha kubheka ngapha nangapha awanamkhuseli kanye njengaba bantwana bam. (Uyalila) Abantwana bam bahamba bengcuchalaza begciniswa kule mizi kuba isikhukukazi esingunina wabo silele phakathi kwezaa nduli zaseMtsotso, eMdantsane?
MlunGisi: Ukulo Macebo. Sivuyela nje ukuba usikhululele unyana wethu. Kodwa yinto yangomso ukuya eZinkomeni.
noZi: Hayi torho Zenzile.
noZi: Ndinekhaya nyana wam. Xa kulo mzi kukwantlaba zahlukane, mandiqoqoshe amadlavu am ndiphind'indlela.
Diko: Andazi ukuba bantakwethu ndinganibulela ngantoni. Nindifundise obunye ubomi ngoku.
ZenZile: Umntu onjengam, uba buhlungu akubona iintyatyambo zeli lizwe zisithi geqe geqe nganye nganye, ngenxa yegalelo lakhe. Uthi ke ngoku Mandi makube segcibhala apha kum ManDi: Hayi, anditsho njalo?
MlunGisi: Kulungile ke bhuti wova ngathi.
MlunGisi: Besilinde ilizwi kuwe.
MlunGisi: Lolwadaba lukaZenzile ubusixelela ngalo kwiselelula?
noZi: (Ephakama) Khawuthi ndikushiye MamNgqosini kuba ootatomncinci bakho, baza kufika ngonyezi ukuza kuphuthuma uZenzile. ManDi : Ulale kakuhle wethu mama.
ZenZile: Ndiyaniva, ntonje ndiniva bunkente-nkente kuba ndihleli nje iingqondo kum zihlale, zihlale zimke. ManDi : Sukunikezela Zenzile sikhona.
noZi: Kanti ke Nozi, nabefundisi, yakweyela ivele ngeempondo, bayawuphatha umthi. ManDi : Mama, mna mandiphume elubala.
ZenZile: Qolela ilizwe ulihlakaniphele, Uxel'intengu-ntengu macetyana. Lenile eli lizwe yimigibe yolonwabo, Migibe leyo egqibela ukukufaka phakathi komlomo wengcwaba.
ZenZile: Andinqweneli ukubona umntwana womnye umntu ekule meko ndikuyo. ManDi : Lala bhuti uyozela.
Macebo: Akufiwanga ke apha bhuti.
noZi: Inene, ndiyakuxelela.
Diko: Ndimameleni baninawa bam.
ZenZile: (Esebeza) Ndiza kufa. Esi sifo sigunyile okwamanz'omlambo ozalisayo. Asinamqobo phambi kwaso. Asinaqilima lwadonga , siyadlokova ukukhukulisa. ManDi: Ezi ntetho zona ziyinyani, sonke siza kufa kodwa sukunikezela.
Kusemva-kwemini ngoku kwaDiko ngaphakathi endlwini. UNozi noMandi babakhwelele ukuze babalise kakuhle ngehambo yabo. OoMlungisi babuyile exhweleni. Into encomekayo yeyokuba, umguli uZenzile obetywathiwe, ngoku uyazingcambazela. Esinye isimanga sesokubhaqwa komfundisi ungxabalazile ebhila-bhilwa egajiswa lixwhwele laseZinkomeni, uBhodlimpilo.
Diko: Yile singayaziyo nonina wakhe.
noZi: Hayi andazi inene!
nesi: Yhini undicubhula ngentsini kwakusasa kangaka?
noZi: (Othukile) Zinduli zantoni na ezo?
Diko: (Engena) Tyhini mholo ntomb'am. ManDi : (Emanga) Mholo wethu tata.
MlunGisi: Siluvile uxolo lwakho.
Mandisa: Bhuti nawe esi sifo wasisulelwa.
MlunGisi: He bafondini!
Diko: Hayi ndiyakuva ke ntomb'am. ManDi : Hayi ke mandinishiye ke tata nomama ndiye kubhuti.
ZenZile: Kunjalo. Nixabana ngenxa yam. Nelo qhayiya beninalo ngam kum litshabhile. Ukuba ngaba umntu ebekwazi ukuzisola ngokuvela emhlabeni, ngeba ndiyazisola ukuba ndandizalelwa ntoni na.
nesi: Bendilungiselela oko kuchopha.
noZi: Kodwa nincede ningawafukuthi amazwi am, niwetyise.
ZenZile: Undibona ndinje, ndileli xekexwa, kukuvuthululwa zizanzwili zobomi.
Diko: Ewe, akundiva?
MlunGisi: Kwimeko elolu hlobo esijongene nayo, imeko kaZenzile, besicinga okokuba sikhe sixoze mphini wumbi.
noZi: Ukudilika kothango kuntama ukuba akumnandanga, kubi. Uthango luyadilizwa xa kunyembelekile ze lubuye lubiywe.
ZenZile: Imigibe yobomi endibhabhisileyo, ndifuna wena uhambele kude kuyo.
ZenZile: Ndadlala ngomama wenu ndaza, ndamfaka esi sifo ndigula siso kuba kaloku ndandiphandl'apha.
noZi: Soyisiwe kumadabi ethu kwade kwawa umolokazana wethu uDibhorah, lo simngcwabe izolo oku.
Macebo: Bhuti khawuyeke ndiye endlwini. Ndiza kukubona ngomso kuba thina simelene.
Maxa wambi umbhali umchaza ngezinto ezithile umlinganiswa. Kolu hlobo kukhankanywa into ethile ngalo lonke ixesha kuthethwa ngomlinganiswa. Lonke ixesha umbhali ethetha ngomlinganiswa lowo ukhankanya utywala.
Diko: Wenzani ngoku unyana?
ayabulela: Ndiyoyika mna tata uyafa ngoku.
i. Kwenzeke ntoni, kubani?
ayabulela: Kuza kufuneka kaloku siyokumvusa umama xa engqengqile.
ayabulela: Tata kwenzeke ntoni?
ZenZile: Ndasisulelwa okanye ndasimema ManDi: Masiyiyeke le ncoko?
noZi: Makuxozwe mphini wumbi.
Diko: Ndingumntu nam ndiyavakalelwa. Ndinombilini wexhala, ndinovalo lokoyika, ndinentiliziyo mhla ngentlungu, ndinomphefumlo owaphukayo, kwanengqondo ephazamisekayo. Bonke ke aba bahlali bangaphakathi komzimba, xa kunje kukubi, ilelo ilungu lomzimba lidlala indima yalo kolu sizana lundim.
noZi: Rha! Khawuve loo nto. Ngapha uthi abantu mabathembele kuThixo kude kube sekugqibeleni, ngapha uxhafuza iinyama zamasiko ecela uncedo koosiyazi. ManDi : Uthuleleni na tata kangaka?
Diko: Niyakuthini ukuthi ndingemva lee, ndisemsileni, nindibuze ngamava okuzingela inyathi, phezu kokuba nina nenile ngamava okuzingela loo nyathi?
Diko: Le yokundifak'umzondo kubantwana bam.
noZi: Lilonke, akhona amagqirha, amaxhwele, izanuse njalo njalo, xa obo bugqi beNtshona bubhidwe yinja ukungavuthwa.
noZi: (Ekhala) Akumhloleli unyana wethu.
MlunGisi: Makubizwe inqwelo-yezigulane. Kudala ibiziwe. (Umva emithanjeni) Ngathi lungcolile ungele.
Macebo: Yiya kanye phakathi bhuti Mlungisi.
Mlungsi: Injalo loo nto.
noZi: Banjalo abantwana beli xesha.
Macebo: Xa umntu ethe gabhu kukhula lokufa, engaveli nangonwele, kwenziwa umpongampo lwekhwelo kufunwa abahlakuli konyulwe izithombo zingafeli endimeni.
noZi: Musa ukusoloko uzisola.
Macebo: Uthini na sisi?
noZi: Uyabona ke ngoku, akukho lucingo ndiza kuluphendula. Akukhathaliseki nokuba kungade kuthiwe ndibambe ilotho, sobe ndiphendule cingo mna. ManDi : Owu, Nkosi yam! Kwatsho kwakhala ifowuni.
MlunGisi: Umcimbi onje awufuni kubethwa koozelekazi.
noZi: Ukhawuleze wafika Nesi, siyabulela. Inkulu indima oyidlalayo kubomi bukaZenzile.
noZi: Inene khawubuze. ManDi : Kaloku leyo sele iyindaba yakwamkhozi. Into ephambili kukutshutshiswa kwenqununu ngokungalandeli umthetho.
Lo akaguquki, uhlala eyinto enye. Imiphefumlo yabo ayichukunyiswa nto. Olu ke uhlobo luthanda ukusetyenziswa ngababhali abanjongo ikukushiya imfundiso ethile.
Diko: Akundiphoxi ngezi ntetho zakho?
MlunGisi: Khawuthi ndikhe ndimve ngomva wesandla aph'ebunzi.
Diko: Mfazi nawe uyazivela ukuba bathi izisu zabo ziyimipatsiya.
ZenZile: Ziinduli apho ubugoxo bamathambo omfazi wam buhleli khona.
noZi: Kaloku ingqondo ithe minxi. ManDi : Qhuba tata.
nesi: Sanukukhala mama, ungcono kakhulu ngoku. ManDi : Utsho na Nesi Hayi andiyiqondi mna loo nto?
Diko: Mfazi wam, ndixolele kuba nam ndiyagula.
Umdlalo luhlobo loncwadi olubhalwa ngenjongo yokuba uboniswe eqongeni okanye kwithiyetha.
Diko: Xa kuphel'amahlumelo ngolu hlobo, sobuya sibekho na isizwe esiNtsundu?
Diko: Ukuba makuthiweni?
noZi: Ngomso lo usayo. ManDi : Uphi yen'utata ManDi : Kaloku uyihlo ngulo uza kufuneka abesendleleni ukuhambisa ezi moto zenziwa apha eDaimler Chrysler ezithumela koomaRhawutini ezilayishwa kwesi sigadla sikhulu?
ZenZile: Ndandisencotsheni yezwe dadethu. Ndandisithi ndinale ndibe ndinaleya intombazana ndidlala ngawo. Ndandihamba ngeminyobo yala maxesha. ManDi : Kodwa nawe wayenza into.
ZenZile: Thula mama akukho nto uyenzileyo.
Macebo: Kuthi ufana nomzali wethu.
Macebo: Uthi sisi ubhuti uya kuyithanda into yokuba sithi nqwadalala emzini wakhe ungamazisanga?
nesi: Ukwabelana ngesondo kwabantwana akulunganga.
MlunGisi: Andikufumani ke ngoku.
Macebo: Ubuchule kukusingisa eFrere siyokuzivela ngemeko yonyana wethu.Kuhanjiwe ke kwafikwa esibhedlele uZenzile obefe isiqaqa ewathe balulu amehlo.
ZenZile: Ndiyakuva. ManDi: Ithi thaa loo mitha yelanga lethemba, lityhile, sigabuke nakuwe bhuti.
noZi: Xa kuthe khinkxi kulo mzi wakho, ndibetha umgqala, bakhawuleze bafike ngokuqhwanyaza kweliso. Bangookhala beli khaya.
noZi: Abantu abatsha ngokukhumbula.
noZi: Ungumntwana wam wena.
ZenZile: Ewe, loo nto ndiyaxhaxha yingqele.
MlunGisi: Kwidabi lokuqala lale mfazwe, siwathobile amaqulo. Saba njengabathinjwa ngaphakathi kwisigu sikaSathana.
ZenZile: Mama ugquka lo 'enkosi' ndimtshoyo.
noZi: Khawuve utata!
Macebo: He madoda nguye nyhani lowa. Naantso imoto ngathi iza kuwa ukujika eli gophe lilapha esekileni.
Diko: Ngathi ngesithezela emnxebeni.
noZi: (Othukile) Tyhini ntombam! Ukuba ke ungakhonkothwa nazizinja ezi ManDi : (Ehleka) Zindikhonkothele ntoni izinja ndingowalapha nje?
noZi: Yeka ubugoxo bamathambo kanyoko mntwan'am Ayabulela buphumle. Umama wakho uza kuvuka ukukhala kwexilongo.
ayabulela: Lilonke ke makhulu nalaph'endlwini akukuhlanga?
Diko: Bafondini! Ndigqibele kudala apha kwakho Mlungisi. Sowumngaka umzi wakho?
Diko: Ndoyik'ihlazo ntomb'am. ManDi: Ihlazo lantoni Lokufuna into eza kuphilisa unyana wakho?
Diko: Kugrunjwa imisele ukwaphula amandla esiphango, angayicandi inkundla yomzi ibe zizigodi.
nesi: Kwidabi elinje lesi sigulo, uRhulumente uvumela, ekhuthaza nabani na onawo amandla okuncothula ulwamvila lwesi sigulo.
MlunGisi: Kowu! Mkhuluwa uthi yile nesi kaZenzile le ithi gwiji phaya?
noZi: Nyana wam uziva njani?
noZi: Myeke nawe tata kaZenzile uMlungisi, sukumngxamela. Mnike umhlaba wokuhamba, anabe kule nto eza nayo ngokokunaba komlibo wethanga.
noZi: (Ehlala ngeempundu) Ubungathanga na phezolo uphuma nomsebenzi?
ZenZile: Awu! Ndadlala, ndadlala ngexesha lobutsha bam. Kobo budlalani bam kwagula umfazi wam netlaninge yamantombazana angenatyala. Bonke baye kubekwa eMtsotso, baziziqalane ezibhuzwa ziimpethu.
noZi: (Buthandabuza) E-e-e, gxebe, ha-ha-hayi. Hayi ndixakiwe mna ngoku.
Macebo: Uthe nje ukuba asibone wawakhupha azingqanda amehlo.
ayabulela: Yima ke tata ndikuguqule uyabulaleka ngoku.
noZi: Loo ngxingwa ivulwe nguye. ManDi : Hayi, khawuthi ndihlale phantsi ndizokuyiva kakuhle le nto. (Ehlala) Phofu yena ubhuti unjani?
Macebo: Sizindlebe sonke.
noZi: Hayi kaloku akuthethwa loo nto. (Umangalisiwe) Ukuba ke kuthi cwaka cwaka, sibone ngomntu selesithi galakangqa ngaphakathi ManDi : Khawume wethu mama khe ndithi ngqi phantsi lo mthwalo kasenza. Kunini nditsalela utata umnxeba esinqeni, ifowuni yakhe uyivalile?
Diko: Mntwan'am uyandomeleza. ManDi : Nisalikhumbula ibali likamfundisi uNgxabalazile walapha eDiphini?
Diko: Siye sayigwadla banzi imeko kaZenzile. ManDi : Yiyo le nto ubungaphenduli iseli fowuni?
noZi: Utsho phaya exhweleni ManDi : Ewe, mama?
MlunGisi: Ubanda ceke. Abantwana mabaphume phandle.
Diko: UkwaGompo phaya emzini wonyana wam. Masele singabisangena nalapha endlwini.
Wazalelwa eMonti eDuncan Village. Uyise wakhe ongasekhoyo uMpumelelo Tutani wazithengela umhlaba kuMngqesha ophezulu kwesikakumkani uSandile kude kufuphi namahlathi ooHoho. Ngeminyaka wowe-1970 kokwabo bafudukela kwilokishi yaseMdantsane eMonti.
Diko: Ithe nje ukuba ibone imoto, yaphuma ngalo mnyango ungasemva.
MlunGisi: Mandikhe ndinibuyise umva kancinci.
Macebo: Yiminyaka etheni leyo Unyana wakho kwicala lezifundo ukhawuleze wazixhomela intanyongo, walikhetha ithole kusakhanya?
nesi: Wonke umntu makaziqhelanise nemifuno kulinywe ezitiyeni phaya, kuthityazwa amandla ezi zifo zibhoke isicuku. Yityani iziqhamo kangangoko. Uluntu ingakumbi ulutsha, maluhambele kude kooziyobisi, zindywala. Ezo zinto ngumbulali wesizwe. ManDi: Akukho nto eyimpilo esingamnikiyo yona ubhuti.
Diko: Lilonke aniyiphendulanga loo fowuni?
noZi: Hayi uthini na Gaba?
ZenZile: Imigibe endibhabhisileyo yeli lizwe, ndifuna wena nabantwana bakokwenu nihambele kude kuyo. Maze niyicezele nyana wam, njengeceba lenyanga esibhakabhakeni licezel'iingqimba zamafu.
noZi: Mntwan'am masithule, nankuya uyihlo engena ngala mnyango. ManDi :(Emlondla) Ubindekile, ujongise umnqonqo ezantsi.
ZenZile: (Engcangcazela) Uthini ke ngoku Obo bomi butya mna unaphakade?
noZi: Ewe, Macebo kunjalo. Kangangokuba bathi oogqirha iswekile yam inyuke ngolona hlobo.
ZenZile: Iphika endinalo. Kubuye kube lihlaba elindithi mfii, kuze ngapha ibe yingqele kodwa ligqats'ubhobhoyi phandl'apha. ManDi : Bathi bakukhuphele ntoni esibhedlele?
(UMandi uyafika uvela emsebenzni eKapa. Uthi galakangqa kwigumbi lika Zenzile. UZenzile ogulayo uyothuka akumbona. Kuxoxwa ngemeko ka-Ayabulela nomyalelzo awuthumele uMandi ngemeko yakhe Zenzile.) ManDi : Khawuthi chu nje ngeempundu wena, uza kubuya ulale.
noZi: (Limyile) Benditshilo kuwe ukuba kaloku phandle liyagqutha. Ke olu thuli luthwelwe ngumoya lumbi lungena kabuhlungu emehlweni am.
noZi: Izolo oku sisandul'ukungcwaba umolokazana wethu. Ngoku unyana wethu uZenzile usixhalabisile.
noZi: Ngemke njani ManDi : Akukho nto ingako thina ebesikhe sayincokola malunga nobomi bam obutsha, ukutsho ke ubomi bempangelo?
Ezona ntetho zininzi ebalini zenziwa nguye.
(UMandi ugagana noNozi ngaphandle) ManDi : Yhoo! Ubhuti uyaqhawuka.
ZenZile: Ndingumntwana wakhe naye.
Macebo: Ubunalo icelo?
ZenZile: (Esola) Nangoku ndothuswa ngumbakra mbakra weengcango zemoto. Kanti ukufa oku bubuthongo na madoda.
Diko: Jongisisa mfazi, nam ndisuke ndafana nomntu lo onorhatyazo.
MlunGisi: Uyavakala bhuti.
Diko: (Ebhuduzela) Kunjalo Macebo. Ubomi obu bunjengemozulu. Maxa wambi imini iyabeka lizole.
Diko: Masihambeni siyokumbona.
Diko: (Edidekile) Utsho na ntomb'am?
Apha kukusasa. UNesi kaZenzile uncokola nabazali bakaZenzile kunye noMandi. Bayakhalaza bathi unqabile phofu abaxelele okokuba Rhulumente kwiSebe lezeMpilo umxakekisa ngamaphulo okwazisa uluntu ingakumbi ulutsha ngengozi yesifo ugawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe. Bahambela zonke izikolo zeli befundisa ngokuzikhusela kwizifo ezinxulumene nezesondo.
Diko: Nako ke.
ZenZile: Nomlambo uthotha uwuthe xa sithothile isiphango esimathontsi abanzi! Awusuke uthothe nje umlambo, mama.
nesi: Akusongi zandla utshaba luzenzela. ManDi: Ulwa ngento onayo.
ZenZile: Ukubangaba bekunjalo, eli gama 'ukuzisola' ngelikhona kwintetho yesiXhosa. (Esola) Awu! Ndazigawula iintyatyambo ebekubonwa ngazo ukudubula kwenkanga kwanokudubula kweyoMnga kuziziyolo. ManDi: Hini na Gaba ukuzisola okunje?
Diko: Mna andisokube ndiphinde ndithethe.
noZi: Umke apha eshwabula esithi ubizwa emsebenzini. ManDi : Hayi mama ngutata lowa uzokubekwa yimoto.
noZi: Ungathethi njalo. Akunamfobe ngonyana wethu.
Bashiyeke bebambe izidlele bexoxa le naleya ngemeko kaZenzile.
ZenZile: Uza kuphumla xa ndingqengqe ecaleni kwakhe.
ZenZile: Koguguthwa unxweme lomlambo, kuphathwa kubethwa nxamnye nawo, phofu nomlambo usisiyaluyalu usilwa uguguma uphatha kudlokova, ufuna amany'amaxhoba phakathi enzulwini yeenkathazo.
Diko: (Ebuhlungu) Kunjalo kanye Macebo. Izaqhwithi zobomi zikutsho umfameke, uyokuthi lontshi kwiliwa lokufa.
noZi: Abafuneki ooyabulane kweli nje.
noZi: Yiza ngapha. ManDi : Ewe, ndiyeza mama. (Efika) Sendifikile mama.
noZi: Hayi akunjalo.
noZi: Lala nyana nezi pilisi zizokusebenza kakuhle. (Emjonga) Tyhini selerhona ngalo mzuzwana?
Diko: Uthini na ngoku?
Apha uNozi ubiza abaninawa bakaDiko malunga nendaba yokubonisana nokusa uZenzile kooSiyazi. Izimvo zabo ziyabetha-bethana kuba le nyewe umninimzi onguDiko akakhange ayithelwe thsuphe. Usaphume nomsebenzi phofu yena uDiko.
Macebo: Ndiyakuva mna sisi.
noZi: Jonga le yala mfundisi walapha eDiphini, kwesi sitrato iNomvete, kwabhaqwa inkunzi yexhwele emzini walo. ManDi: Kwa abo befundisi ikwangabo abathi ebantwini mabangayi kooSiyazi, bathembele eNkosini.
(UZenzile obengathi uyachacha, ngoku uyayoba egumbini lakhe. Unokuzisola okukhulu ngokudlala ngexesha lakhe kwanokudlala ngabantwana babantu de wabasulela ngeli gagu lesifo anaso. UMandi umseza umxube emkhuthaza okokuba anganikezeli kuba lisekhona ithuba lokuyiphumelela imfazwe yokufa.) ManDi : Uziva njani emva kwalo mxube?
noZi: Sowugqibile ukutyisa uZenzile ManDi : Ewe, kodwa ulele ngoku?
Diko: Sukubona le nto ndingazange ndikhuphe nelimdaka. Ndiyazi ukuba benihamba ngamathunzi niyokuvumisa ngaphandle kwemvume yam.
Diko: Leyo yinyaniso emsulwa engangxengwanga. ManDi : Aba Nontlalontle nabo baxakwe zezabo. Anditsho ke kodwa ukuba indima abayidlalayo esizweni ayibalulekanga, kodwa kufuneka babenomda.
noZi: Xa amajoni omhlaba esebunzimeni, isizwe sizibalula nangamanye amahlelo: kukhutshwa umkhosi womoya uvuthulule, kulandwe nomkhosi wamanzi, injongo inye kukuqethul'utshaba.
noZi: Khona uphi lo mntu uncedisayo ushiyeke wedwa nje?
Diko: Yile yale nesi ijongene noZenzile.
noZi: (Engena) Tyhini zizwe zasemaNgwevini! Nithi sisibetho santoni na esi ngesi sifo ManDi : (Emva) Tyhini! Akasaphefumli?
Diko: Enkosi Macebo mninawa.
Njengoko negama lizichaza apha kusonjululwa iqhina ebelibotshwe nka ngaphambili. Unxunguphalo alwethi koko kuqhushumba iintlantsi zempixo. Ngoku kuwululwa, kutyhilwa izinto ebezingahambi mgaqweni ngaphambili.
noZi: Yiyo le nto aba bantwana bebeth'iititshala zabo, abaqeqeshekanga. ManDi: Anazi nto nina. Zonke ke ezi ndidi zabantwana zivutywa apha esikolweni itsho ingqondo yakho ime. Akukho mama notata unokonwaba kuba thina zititshala, asinamthetheleli, ukuze ube uyalungisa kufuneka kube kwavula zibhuqe.
noZi: Indivuyisile kakhulu mna into yokuba ndinibone nisithi gqi ngokutshawuza kombane xa ubhuti wenu evuthel'isigodlo.
Diko: Xa umntwana wesikolo ebone kuqala ititshala yakhe, ebephambuka ajike kuba engafuni kudibana nayo. ManDi: Soze abangoku. Ndithi mama bandibethela umlozi, uthi wakubheka inkwenkwe nentombi nca nca omnye komnye. Bathi ixesha liyabavumela.
noZi: Baya kukubhanxa abantu bomhlaba wakubakhonza kakhulu. ManDi: Tata asiyisengeli phantsi imizamo yakho, uzamile kakhulu apho uzame khona.
Diko: Kunjalo. Kude kubizwe unina wamawele, okanye imfusi kungenjalo uqobo lwamawele sichilwe eso sichotho, kugempulwa emoyeni kuphathwa kuheshwa nangengalo, njalo njalo.
Diko: Utyaph'ufike ke kuba ndixakene nento. ManDi : (Ebhekisa kunina) Mama, yintoni kaloku ekugugeni kwenu?
Diko: Uthini na Macebo Yimfazwe le, kodwa ayifuni tola ifuna iTola lamatola?
ZenZile: (Engamnanzi) Iminyaka yam!
Diko: Eso sidenge senkwenkwe sithi sihlamba iphepha siphelele phi?
ZenZile: (Engamphenduli) Zandivuthulula izanzwili zobomi okomququ ovuthululwa ngumoya wasentlango. (Ezisola) Kwek' madoda! Le nto ilixesha, ukuba ibiyibhobhile ngendilisonga ndilibuyisele umva.
noZi: Kwimeko enje, ndiyamcela uThixo okokuba athathe mna ngcono.
ZenZile: (Exolisa) Kuzo zonk'iintyatyambo ezingadubulanga. Kuzo zonk'iintyatyambo ezibunileyo, xa kuhlwahlwaza iimvula zehlobo kwikhaya lamaKhaya, zobuya zidubule, zivunyelwa yimilonji nangamakhwebula esikhumbuza ngokuthwasa kwehlobo. ManDi: Thetha ubenomda bhuti yini kangaka?
noZi: (Exhalabile) Ubumfunela ntoni?
ZenZile: Awu ndagawula! Ndagecela phantsi iintyatyambo zezwe lethu. Iintyatyambo ebeziya kudubula zihombise imimango namadobo elizwe lookhokho bethu ngexesha lokudubula kweyeNkanga neyoMnga. ManDi: Ayinguwe wedwa ogulayo bhuti.
Diko: Mfazi le yexak'intendele. Kuza kufuneka silinde abantakwethu. Akunakukwazi wena ukubamba uZenzile simse emotweni.
Diko: Ewe, ubusowutshilo.
noZi: Musa ukuthetha ngolo hlobo mntwan'am.
noZi: (Ehleka) Tyhini, aba basoloko bengakuwe nokuba nguwe ondikhathazileyo?
noZi: Ndlela le ingqondo yam idideke ngayo, utheni kanene lo mbhexeshi nqweloyezigulane ManDi : Ukuba ndisakhumbula kakuhle, uthe usaphefumla uZenzile?
ayabulela: Owu mna ndiyoyika ngoku zezi zinto uzithethayo!
Macebo: Kodwa sisi ungasenzi, uthi kuye besilapha saze sathetha ngomba onje ukuba ethe-ethe.
noZi: Kanti mntwan'am uphakathi kwezo zilingo ManDi: Ngqo?
Diko: Buz'unyoko. Nam ndimke apha ndihlwile. Nkqu nonyoko imbala andikhange ndimnike nto inasihlahla.
nesi: Ndikhule ngomhlabelo mna. Ebumvekwini bam ndagajiswa ngamanzi anomle. Andinakuphambuka kumasiko nezithethe zakowethu.
Diko: Akukho xhwele liza kuthi nakanaka umcondo walo apha. Umfazi kaZenzile wafa nezo ntelezi wayetyibelwa ngazo. Nezo mpepho wayezirhogola zange zenze mahluko.
noZi: Sithini ke Sisong'izandla ngemeko yakho?
noZi: Soze, ndiyamazi kaloku umyeni wam.
Lo ke ngulo ugalela amafutha emlilweni. Uzama kangangoko ukuba ingxabano yaba babini iye phambili.
ZenZile: Sona isiqabu sikhona. ManDi : Utsho na bhuti?
noZi: Shii! Sivumelene njalo.
nesi: Kulungile ke tata nomama, xa ndinethuba ndiza kuphinda ndize.
Diko: Hayi ke, ndiyakuva.
ayabulela: Ewe tata ndiza kuzijonga.
ZenZile: (Ungcangcazela wonke) Ekuxozweni kwalo mphini, uthi loo nto yozala amaduna namathokazi?
noZi: Uthi saa ugqibe indawo yonke ufuna uncedo, ungalimaleli kobo buhlanti.
noZi: (Ekroba) Iyhu, myeni wam loo nto liyagqutha! Kungamazinki, amabibi nomququ ziphephetheka nomoya.
KwaDiko kuhlangene imilowo, udaba lolukaZenzile. Apha uDiko ugxotha kakubi abantakwabo emzini wakhe xa bebecebisa ezinye iindlela ezinokuzanywa ukunyanga isigulo sikaZenzile, ukutsho ke kuyiwe emagqirheni.
Macebo: Kanti singamadoda okwenza ntoni Masimxwayeni ngoku esafumene isiqabu?
noZi: Unjani umntakwenu ManDi : Akathethi mama, umlebe lo ungezantsi umhlophe ngathi uqabe ingceke?
Ababhali abachazi simo sodwa. Abanye bachaza inkangeleko yomlinganiswa. Kaloku iinkcukacha zenkangeleko zomlinganiswa nazo ziluncedo ekucazululeni isimo somlinganiswa.
Diko: Mntwana wam, sukufudumala, andilwi. Amazwi akho anzima, andingqule phantsi.
Diko: Uvumela uSathana wena ukuba agqube apha?
noZi: Ayathanda ke ukumkhohlelisa la mayeza. ManDi : Mama kusebusuku ngoku.
noZi: Isikhukukazi sihamba namantshontsho aso, sishiye umqhagi ukhonya. ManDi: Mama, le nto ifuna ukuba niphinde niyihlalele phantsi wena notata, nam ndiza kube ndikhona.
Ngenxa yale nguquko impixano nayo ijonga esiphelweni.
MlunGisi: Ewe mntakwethu.
Diko: Baninawa, nithi anifuni nkqu nesiselo esi siselwayo?
Macebo: Hlala phantsi Gaba omhle, sukungxama.
Macebo: Kamnandi bhuti, ela xhwele lineencwadi zokuxilonga. Lithe masiqhube ngala asemLungwini amachiza, nalo kwelalo icala, liza kumsebenza ngala mayeza esiXhosa.
Diko: Besele ndiyivile eyakho impilo Mlungisi.
noZi: Ndiyazi Zenzi akungohata, ubhadle mu!
ZenZile: (Ephinda-phinda) Ndayihlwayela imbewu yokufa kuloo mhlaba uchumileyo owenziwa ngulowo wasidalayo ngeenjongo zokuvelisa iinqolonci nezikhakhamela zeli lizwe. Mna, ndaxela ukutshica kwenyoka enobuhlungu, inyoka ekhohlakeleyo.
Ulwimi nesimbo sokubhala.
Diko: Hayi akukuhlanga kwaphela bantakwethu. Kophuka izikeyi kula mzi.
Kusemini egunjini likaZenzile. Uthetha nonyana wakhe emqulathisa ngezobomi. Uyapena-pena ziintlungu emveni kokuba simkhalele isibhedlele kuba akade achache.
noZi: Luthi nokuba luyadilika olo donga, ludilikele qelele phaya lungaweli phezu kwethu.
noZi: (Evuya) Ndimamele.
Diko: Akukuhlanga mntwana'm, mandingakuxokiseli. ManDi : Ndiyabona nam tata.
Macebo: Tyhini, madoda ikhawulezile le nqweloyezigulane.
noZi: Jonga umfazi kaZenzile wasiwa ngabantu bakokwabo emagqirheni. Ndandingenakuma phambi kwabo ngomntwana wabo nangenkolo yabo.
Diko: Maxa wambi liyagqutha izulu, kube zizivondoviya zemimoya ezikushiya ucula 'elandincamisayo'.
noZi: Sukuzibuzisa tata torho. Sinike umkhomba- ndlela.
Zenzi: Akukhange undinqande. Bonke ubugwenxa bam akukhange ubuseso, usuke wabetha ngoyaba.
ZenZile: Akathuli umntu okhukuliswa sisiphango sobomi.
Macebo: Wakhaba ngawo omane.
MlunGisi: Ulale kakuhle sekuhlwile.
Diko: Tyhini nkosikazi!
Macebo: Awu, madoda.
noZi: (Ehleka) uRhulumente uya kukugxotha njengokuba nimhlupha nje. ManDi : Silwela amalungelo ethu, kwaye umbutho weSADTU uyasikhusela.
noZi: Ndikweliphi na mna ilizwe Ngaba ndiyaphupha Iyhu, kuphi na apha Ingaba undilingelani mDali wam ngonyana wam wokuqala nowokugqibela ManDi :(Embambazela) Mama sukukhala kangaka nathi uyasililisa?
Diko: Ngumhlola lo! Ndiyaphinda ndithi ndixolele ukumila ingca emqolo.
MlunGisi: Singabizi usisi nje?
noZi: (Efudumala) Ndithi kuwe biza abaninawa bakho kusiwe uZenzile kwela xhwele laseZinkomeni.
Diko: Inene, kwazi ophezulu.
noZi: Ndigqibile! ManDi: Ke thina sithini nzala yakho?
Diko: Hayi unyanisile Nozi mfazi.
Macebo: Yide unabe bhuti ubheke phaya, ungagangathi ndawo-nye. Ngolu hlobo, indima yakho ayisayi kubonakala, kanti elaa langa lifuna abanemali balithenge.
Diko: Ngekhe yenzeke loo nto ndisaphila.
noZi: Sigqibile nootatomncinci bakho ukuba sihlangane noyihlo.
Diko: Uyasikhuthaza lo mntwana.
ZenZile: Mama, indima yenu niyenzile. Nibadala ngoku wena notata. Jonganani nempilo yenu.
noZi: Khawuve oko kusa kunjalo. ManDi: Bathi akunakuva incasa yelekesi engachutywanga.
Diko: Ukhala ngeminyaka yakhe.
ZenZile: Endiyaziyo mna yeyokuba ndiyagula. Iimpundulu othetha ngazo, hayi andizazi.
Diko: Nelanga lakufunyanwa likhephu liyathezeka, sigodole isizwe, kufiwe, kubuthise nemfuyo xa likhithikile ikhephu leemeko.
Incoko yabalinganiswa ichaza lukhulu ngabo. Sitsho sikwazi ukufumana iingcinga zabo, kwaneqondo zobukhali beengqondo zabo.
MlunGisi: Unyanisile uMacebo. Apha sifuna iqhinga sonyule le nkabi ixhaka yeyele kumhadi wokufa.
Diko: Singatsaleli umnxeba esibhedlele nje?
Diko: Maxa wambi yimiqalwa yamaveliti. Maxa wambi kukuthwaliswa umgodlo wedyokhwe emagxeni, umthwalo ezingamelaniyo nawo.
noZi: Eyiphi na ngoku?
Macebo: Bek'ithemba ngaphambili.
Diko: Uthi andiphuphi (Uyaziphathaphatha) Ndiphi kanye kanye?
noZi: Heke, nincedile nifike, besele ndixakene nento.
Diko: Kuba mnandi xa lityhilile izulu nelanga litsho liyikhulule kamnandi loo mitha yalo iqaqambileyo yobuqaqawuli bamazulu.
Macebo: (Ephakama) Avakele bhuti Mlungisi. Sisi wethu sowuxola, asiwukhalalanga lo mzi kabhuti nto nje sibhidwe yinja ukungavuthwa.
Diko: Nathi Nozi siwenzile amatiletile.
noZi: Kwenje imeko, ndoze ndiyibalise.
Diko: Sivile nyana.
noZi: Okokoko ifikile intombi yam, ndisaphumle kulo msebenzi ungaka wale ndlu. Ndithi ingumongikazi kaZenzile.
Macebo: Izinto zaba bantwana zishiya amehlo! Ke thina makhexekhexe siya kuzifumana njani?
Diko: Ngenene intle loo nto.
ZenZile: Phofu akukho nto imbi ebebeyizele?
noZi: Eziny'izinto zimasikizi ukuzimamela. ManDi: Nesi ungandixeleli ngabantwana besikolo abasuke loo ntsilathi yekhondom bayilahle phaya, bathi inyama enyameni.
Diko: Kona, kona kunjalo Zenzile nyana.
noZi: Ndithi unqabe phi?
noZi: Ewe Mandi. Ngubani na lo ukhohlela kabuhlungu kangaka ManDi : Ngubhuti Zenzile bendigqiba kumtyisa amayeza?
MlunGisi: Ndiyakuva ke ngoku.
Diko: Mholweni kwakhona ngale ntsasa.
noZi: Uthetha njengendoda ke ngoku.
ZenZile: Umntu ongazijongiyo iimpazamo azenzileyo ebomini, ngekhe akheke.
MlunGisi: Yekela kuthi ke bhuti xa utshoyo. Siza kubona apho sibopha khona.
ZenZile: Xa zibunile ezo ntyatyambo, ubusi obuhlangulwa ziinyosi zezulu buzobuya bubekhona kweli lizwe lobusi namasi ManDi: Mna ndididekile ngoku?
ZenZile: Iminyaka yam!
Diko: Siyiminqakathi emithathu thina kwisizalo sikamama.
ZenZile: Mama, andinamntu ndimkhalazelayo. Xa kungoku amahlathi aphelile kum.
Diko: Hi bafondini!
Diko: (Emkhawulela) Ngena Nesi ezi zinja zibotshelelwe.
noZi: Kowu, kwaba banje ukungamameli abantwana!
ZenZile: Ndatyal'imbewu yokufa ndaxel'inyoka ekhohlakeleyo.
ZenZile: (Elila) Namhla ndiyingwev'entsha, ndigugile ngokwenkangeleko. Namhla ndifana nenkothovu yexhego esele iqingqithe iminyaka phezu kweli gada, yaqongqotha, yaqongqotha wonk'umongo wamava phantsi kwesibhakabhaka sobomi. Awu iminyaka yam!
nesi: Amaxhwele, amagqirha mawabe neencwadi eziwagunyazisayo ukuba bangamaqhawe ezo zifo bathi banolwazi ngazo.
nesi: Akufuneki ke ukuba uyijongele phantsi inkolo yomnye umntu, okanye uhlanga.
MlunGisi: Ewe, bhuti makabekhona.
nesi: Uyazi nakum kunjalo. Ubungaman'ukuya phaya esibhedlele iFrere kubhuti wakho uZenzile ManDi : Tyhini, kwatsho kwasa ntombi?
noZi: Mntwana'm bakugqibile!
Macebo: Awu, madoda!
Diko: (Othukile) Uthini na ngoku Mlungisi?
noZi: Kuza kufuneka lo mzi wakho uvalwe. Akukho mntu ogula ngolu hlobo angahlala yedwa.
noZi: (Basesendleleni) Tyhini zizwe! Ngoku kusandula ukuwa isichotho sokufa kulo mzi wakwaNdoyibeleka.
noZi: Bathe esibhedlele ngabo abazakusifowunela.
Ugawulayo sisifo esithi sisasazeke ngokwabelana ngesondo. Umbhali uyithiye le ncwadi ukuba nguGawulayo kuba apha sifumana umlinganiswa ophambili onguZenzile ekwikhuko lokufa ebulawa sisifo ugawulayo. Inkosikazi yakhe sele ilandulele eli ngenxa yokosulelwa nguye. Simfumana uZenzile ezisola ngokungakwazi ukuziphatha. Uchazela unyana wakhe ukuba unina esengcwabeni nje kungenxa yakhe. Endaweni yokumthanda usuke wadlala ngaye kwaze oko kwabangela ukuba azibone esedlakeni.
noZi: Wazi ntoni ke wena ntomb'am ngemivuzo ephantsi uqal'izolo oku ukuphangela ManDi : Hayi tyhini mama?
noZi: Kumnandi xa uyaziyo.
ZenZile: (Erhoxoza) Ndingapha kweli gumbi.
MlunGisi: Kunjalo mnakwethu.
MlunGisi: (Ephakama) Seyihambile imini, kuza kufuneka siphathelele sisi.
Diko: Yathini ke inqununu ManDi: Iye yashiywa ngumsindo, yaziphosa kulo nkwenkwe. Hayi ke kwalanyulwa?
Diko: Intliziyo yam ibuhlungu. ManDi: Uzamile ukulumisa olo donga. Uphatha kunyomfa, uphatha kuhlomela izinti uvala iimbobo zobomi, usithini.
Diko: (Ehleka) Qhubeka ke. Koko kutheni?
Diko: Bendiyicimile. ManDi : Singaphambuki ke tata wam, uthini ke?
nesi: Ndisisinxadanxada. Ndithi ndingapha, ndibe ndingaphaya.
noZi: Andikuphoxi ndiyakuphendula.
Diko: Oluphi utshaba Utsho ukufa?
Macebo: Mkhuluwa, asixesha lokuba neenkani eli.
noZi: Khawuve loo nto.
noZi: Andithengisi ngoyihlo kuni ekugugeni kwethu. ManDi : Njengokuba kuthe xhonkxosholo iimpahla apha kuqhubeka ntoni?
Diko: Akundiphenduli mfazi. Ndithe ngubani lowa usisityambele ukuza apha ngasendlwini?
Manadi: Kuza kulunga Zenzile. Xa ujinga kwimpengempenge yeliwa, akuthethi ukuba elo bande ujinga kulo liza kuqhawuka. Kungenzeka ummangaliso kaThixo ubuye usinde kuloo ngozi.
ZenZile: Nantoni na ofuna ukuyenza kum eza kwenza impilo ibe ngcono, yenze, kodwa sukusengela phantsi utata.
Bonke: Kungile. ManDi: Ngomso ke Nesi ndiyahamba kuba izikolo ziza kuvulwa.
Kusebusuku, uDiko ushiyeke noNozi, uMandi yena uphumile. Baqukumbela intetho uDiko ukwamxelela okokuba uvela kubantakwabo koo-C. Baza kuphinda beze kuxoxwe ngokutsha malunga nemeko yokusa uZenzile emaGqirheni.
ZenZile: Andikhange ndibe ngumzekelo ebutsheni bam.
ZenZile: Sona isiqabu ndiyasiva. ManDi : Kungangcono ke.
Diko: Ndizindlebe ndonke.
MlunGisi: Lithe oogqirha, izibhedlele, amagqirha, namaxhwele yonke loo nto isafuna isitya emnyameni sokunyanga esi sifo. Lithe ke kubalulekile ke ukuba bonke aba bantu mababambisane, basebenzisane apha naphaya kuphunywe iphulo lokuzingela iyeza kungabikho bantu bajongelwa phantsi.
noZi: Pheza kwanele ngoku, uyakhefuzela.
Diko: (Efudumala) Uthi mandithule?
nesi: Ndiyayibethelela into yokuba ukudlalela kulo mhlaba ungezantsi akulunganga, linda ude utshate. Ngokwenza njalo ikamva lakho liza kuqaqamba.
ZenZile: Uya kuthi usithi uyampampatha uzibone umbanguza kobo bumnyama ufunana neso sitya, suke unyathele enganyathelwayo, iqengq'ugodo.
Diko: Nkqo! Nkqo!
noZi: Ukhumbula kakuhle kuba safika kukho ixhwele athi ndakumbuza umfundisi, wathi kuqala sisihlobo sakhe.
ZenZile: Mama ndiyabulela. Khawuyeke ndiyafa ziintlungu.
noZi: Akundilandeli wena kungenjalo akundifumani apho ndikhoyo.
Diko: Awu, ndazithwala madoda! Ubundiqumbele ngantoni ManDi : Akukhange undibuke nokundibuka ndivel'empangelweni?
noZi: (Esosula) Xa ligqutha izulu, sukube kungekuhle.
Diko: Hayi khawumbuze.
noZi: Xa uqale indima entsimini, uhlakula uhlakule ude uyokuyiqabelisa loo ndima. ManDi : (Ehleka) Asikho ndimeni apha mama.
noZi: Sukuzintwanisa. Kungokunje sigxwal'emswaneni emveni kokubhubha komolokazana wethu. Ukubangaba ubuzilandele ezi ndlela abaninawa bakho bebethetha ngazo, mhlawumbi ngesindile umolokazana wethu.
noZi: Koxhomekeka. ManDi : Kodwa ke ndixoliswa yile yokuba evumile ukuba ubhuti aye emntwini.
Diko: (Uhlabekile) Uxolo maNgqosini amahle.
Macebo: Kodwa sohlala sisithi gqolo sisiza apha xa kunyembelekile.
noZi: Abathi makuthiweni.
Diko: Hayi phezani ngoku. ManDi: Amanzi angayicanda inkundla, aza nokufa.
ZenZile: Uzakuhamba undishiye ndikule meko?
noZi: Isinceda kakhulu, kuba yiyo eseza uZenzile amayeza iphinde imhlambe nokumhlamba. ManDi : Xa injalo ilungile ke.
Diko: Khawume kaloku nkosikazi. Imfazwe ayiphunyelelwa ngezixhobo kuphela. ManDi : (Efixiza) Ukanti nomntu akaphiliswa ngomthandazo kuphela.
Diko: Ndibuhlungu nje ndiwisa ezi ntetho.
Diko: Okuku-a-aza, mna andidibaniselani nawo.
noZi: (Encwina) Mhum!
nesi: Hayi ke mandinishiye xa nineendwendwe. Ndophinda ndiziphe ithuba ndizokusibona isigulane sam.
Kuyacaca ke ukuba ubhalo lwedrama luxhomekeke kubuchule bokuhlengahlengisa iingcinga nezimvo ngendlela apha echukumisa umxhelo womphula-phuli okanye wombukeli, kanti kwanomfundi njengoko iidrama zifundwa nokufundwa nje kule mihla yokhanyo. Makukhunjulwe kanjaqo ukuba indima nganye yahlulwe ngokwemiboniso edudulela intshukumo yomdlalo phambili.
Diko: (Efudumala) Ngubani indoda apha?
MlunGisi: Ndiyayikhumbula Macebo loo mini, saphela sesingasavani nalo ndibano suka yangumdudo wamasele.
Diko: Andiyithethi yonke mna loo nto.
noZi: (Usakhala) Iyho, hayi umphanga! Umphanga! (Kube sekusithi wayi wayi ngabantu nemvula seyithothile.
MlunGisi: Andizukuxoka bhuti, sakhubeka saba yinyama noMacebo.
MlunGisi: USathana kumfazi kaZenzile usifumene singacingelanga, ziphantsi izikhali zethu.
noZi: Mandikushiye njengokuba uqala ukufudumala nje. Uyakuthi xa ubilayo kube kungasekho nesipeliti esi sam kule ndlu yakho.
noZi: Hayi ndiyakuva. Tyhini choph'esitulweni wasimela ngeenyawo?
Macebo: Bendibona njalo mna.
Macebo: Intlungu kaZenzile yeyethu sonke, kodwa kuwe nobhuti ityhutyha ngaphakathi emithanjeni yegazi.
noZi: Ndiyaxolisa ke nyana, sukulila kaloku.
ZenZile: Andizukuthatha cala. Lungisani iingxaki zenu kubuye kulal'iziphunzi kweli khaya.
Macebo: Kunjalo, kuba ubhuti lo, ubenegalelo elikhulu ekusikhuliseni kuba abazali bethu babengathathi ntweni.
MlunGisi: Mholo wethu sisi.
Diko: Madoda, besikhe sahlinz'impuku nomfazi kwangalo mba singawo.
noZi: Abananyani abantu bomhlaba, bangcolile bafuna ukulungelwa bodwa. ManDi: Wathi la mfundisi uNgxabalazile akufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakhe asimncedi nganto isibhedlele, wafak'intlombe yamagqirha.
ZenZile: Kona kona kunjalo, kodwa ithi iphola loo mbiza ube umphunga wayo uzenzile iingxwelerha njengenkungu ekhasayo. Kuziimoto ziyantlithana. Kungabelusi bemfuyo beyela folokohlo emaweni ithi nokuba iyagabuka loo nkungu, ibe ishiye izililo ngasemva neengxwelerha. ManDi: Kwanele, asifuni zimbi iingxwelerha.
Diko: Hayi hlala Nesi ungabambi gazi.
noZi: Hayi anditsho njalo mntwana wam.
noZi: Inene ndikuxelel'ukungakuxokisi. ManDi: Kodwa ke mama nawe uyabona ukuba utata le meko kabhuti ngathi imphungule ingqondo.
Diko: Ninjani kodwa ntomb'am ManDi : Hayi siya phila tata akukhonto?
ayabulela: (Elila) Owu tata!
Macebo: Ubufuna sifike nini?
noZi: (Uxhalabile) Yiminyaka etheni na le?
Macebo: Ubhidwe phi ke yiminyaka yakhe?
noZi: Mntwana'm uyimozulu ubhuti wakho. ManDi : Makhe ke kuqala ndive le yakho notata. Kwenzeke ntoni?
ZenZile: Namhla ezo ntyatyambo zibunile. Liya kubuya libe yintoni na eli lizwe lakowethu ngaphandle kobo buqharha- qharha nobo bukhazi -khazi bazo, libharhile. ManDi :(Emnqanda) Hayi bhuti.
Diko: Khawuqhube ndimamele.
Diko: Ithemba elingafuni ukuba ngaphambili, into ephambili libhadi, kukufa, amashwa akushwabanisa utsho ungayazi neyona ifanelekileyo.
Diko: Ndixhomile! Amanzi afuna ukungen'endlwini. ManDi: Kudal'amanzi angenayo endlwini!! Sesiwagrumpula siwakha nangezitya ukuwakhuphela ngaphandle. Kuyimihlisela yokufa ecanda udonga lweemeko njengemihlisela yeenyembezi ezishushu ecanda izidlele, imihlisela entama intlungu kwabo basebugxwayibeni.
noZi: Unzulu. Kanti usakhumbula ezo zinto na Zenzile?
noZi: Nyana wam, ingxabano yam noyihlo mayingakuhluphi nakancinane.
Diko: Ungabinaxhala nkosikazi. Sithethile nooMlungisi sophela, nam ndacel'uxolo ndizithoba ngeempazamo zam.
Diko: Gqolo, gqolo, gqolo!
MlunGisi: Amajoni asithi, akanakukwazi ukuthob'iqulo ethobela ukufa.
Diko: Ndixolele ukujinga iliso akukho xhwele okanye gqirha liza kuthi naka- naka umcondo apha libhilabhila uZenzile.
MlunGisi: Ziyakugqabhuka izisu kuba siphuma kuyo into ephungwayo.
Diko: Mlungisi nawe Macebo, niqhekeza umzi wam. Kweyenu imizi, nithe zava khakalala kamnandi.
MlunGisi: Intombi yakho ibisele imbizele i-ambulensi.
ZenZile: Ewe, ndingalulo usana kuwe, gxebe ndilusana kuwe, kodwa andilosana, ndahlala, ndakhasa, ndaqingqa, ndema ndahamba ndada ndamngaka. Zonke ezo zinto zobuntwana ndazenza ngenkxaso yakho.
ZenZile: Xa ukhuthazwa entweni ethile, kuthiwa 'dadela enzulwini'. Ke ngoku mna xa ndizama ukudadela enzulwini, nithi mandibuyele enyeleni kumanxweme eli lizwe. ManDi :(Uyalila) Mna bhuti ndikwazi uyintlambi, nantlambi ewathwala ngesifuba amanzi adlokovayo eemeko, umelana nezikhukula zobomi.
Macebo: Benza izinto zijike ekugqibeleni zibaxake.
Diko: (Ekroba) Tyhini yiyo.
Ulandela umlinganiswa oyintloko ngokuxakeka apha ebalini.
Diko: Ndiyayivuyela ke loo nto bantakwethu. Bantakwethu, ndixoleleni igeza libotshwa kokwalo.
Diko: Kanti yiloo nto ebenikhe nayithi vandla vandla nenkosikazi yam ngokuya bendingekho?
MlunGisi: Ndikwazi wena sisi ngobubele.
Diko: Unyanisile unyoko nyana. Xa lo mntu uncedisa apha esuke wathi shwaka okwenaliti engceni, kuza kufuneka sijongane nale mpilo yakho ngezikhondo zamehlo.
Diko: Hayi bantakwethu, masithuleni sesifikile kwanyana wam.
Macebo: Kodwa ke bhuti akukho kuthini kuba umsebenzi ngumsebenzi.
Macebo: Eyona nto isitsho sathi phatsha lucingo oluye lwakhala isithukuthezi sento.
Diko: Kudala sathezel'emnxebeni, ngoku sesibundukunya inyanda yamathumbu. Mna ndidiniwe kuba uZenzile woyiswa kukuziphatha wathi swii lilizwe.
noZi: Zenzi, uthini ke ngalo mbono?
MlunGisi: Inkulu le nto!
Diko: Andikuva ke ngoku Mlungisi.
Diko: Ukuntsintsitheka uphethwe lungcume ubaselana nembiza imini yonke, kanti yothi ekugqibeleni loo mbiza ingavuthwanga, inyele nokunyela, kukudlala ngexesha oko.
ayabulela: Wandivuselela tata, ngoku sendibulibala ngokutshaba kukamama.
Diko: (Esothuka) He! Mandi ntomba'm, ufike nini ke wena ManDi : (Emtsibela) Akukudalanga tata. Inene andazi ukuba makuthiweni na ngobhuti?
ZenZile: Ukufa tata kubetha ngesingqi esinye, akuthothi, kunjengezikhukula zehlobo.
Diko: Bububhanxa obo. Thina sikhule sifakwa umnquma ukuba nje uphum'efolweni. Sithi aba asifanga. ManDi: Hayi tata andiphiki. Nam aba bantwana besikolo bandixakile. Abanye bandibethel'umlozi bacinga ukuba ndiyintanga yabo.
ZenZile: Iminyaka yam mama.
Diko: Kunjalo, lulo.
Diko: NguRhulumente wabantu lo.
Diko: Yindlela endiniqhube ngayo ngokuya beniphaya kwam. (Engqukruleka) Uyahamba umfazi wam uyandishiya.
MlunGisi: Hayi bhuti ungathethi ngolo hlobo.
ZenZile: Bazali bam andinisoli nganto.
noZi: Phuma Mandi. ManDi : Kum, nantoni na enokuthi iphilise ubhuti, ndifak'igxalaba.
noZi: Siza kuthath'iintonga siyokuvumisa kuba wena sicinga ukuba udliwa ziimpundulu zaba bafazi balapha eZiphunzana.
Diko: Le into, ndoyicel'ivuthiwe!
Diko: Kunzima sidibanisa iBona neWamba sifundisa lo mntwana wade wafumana enomsila. Ndijongile nje lo msila wemfundo, uza kuqoshela ngawo kumlomo wengcwaba.
noZi: Ewe, la seli fowuni ibikhala esinqeni sakhe, ibingabeLungu bakhe abaya, bathi bayamfuna. ManDi : Mama kutheni utata emke ngolwaa hlobo?
noZi: Nawe ngoku sowufana naba bantwana. ManDi : Ndithetha nani nje loo nqununu isengxakini.
Diko: Kwelo Mandi unyanisile. Ndiyayithanda loo nto. Kufuneka nimanyane lusapho lwam njengembumba yamanyama. ManDi : Andidlali ngabantwana basekhaya.
noZi: Hayi Zenzile awuzukufa.
Diko: Sebehambile ooMlungisi?
MlunGisi: Mna bhuti akhange ndiyivelele ngolu hlobo lwakho. Kaloku ixesha limkile.
Diko: (Esondela) Kutheni na madoda nafumana nema ngaphandle endlwini, kukho oonomanxazana?
noZi: UThixo unceda ozincedayo. ManDi : Tata, umthandazo uyancediswa. Xa ezasesiLungwini zibeth'esikhumbeni kubhenelwa kumanyange.
ZenZile: Pheza kwanele ngoku Ayabulela, nyana. Kaloku umzimba wam utyhumfu-tyhumfu zizivubeko zeli lizwe.
Diko: Akunjalo ntomb'am. ManDi : Akuyazi wena tata. Ndlela le ebendidane ngayo.
MlunGisi: Xa ilifu lesichotho lijinga phezulu, kwenziwa amatiletile ukuligxotha elo lifu.
noZi: Kulungile hamba. Mna ndiza kusala naye kodwa uncede Gaba wam ungadli nkobe zamntu ngoba uyayibona imeko ukuba injani na kweli khaya.
noZi: (Limyile) Pheza, masingabi sayiland'emva nyana wam.
Diko: Kaloku abantwana ngummo wabo lowo. ManDi : Nivuka njani ke nina?
Diko: Mzukulwana kwenzeke ntoni?
noZi: Ndiphezu kokuba kubizwe abantakwenu kusiwe uZenzile lowaa uncwinayo kooSiyazi.
ZenZile: Bathi makuthiweni?
noZi: Loo nto incoko yenu idibana twatse.
noZi: Mntwan 'am obu bumenye menye bulapha kule ndlu kungenxa yakho, ndithule ke?
noZi: Ungcono wena uxolele ukumila ingca emqolo, mna ndixolele ukumila imithi emqolo. Kuza kufuneka ooMlungisi bathath'iintonga ukusingisa eZinkomeni.
Diko: Kaloku akhange siyithele thsuphe ukuba lo mntwana siza kumsa kooSiyazi. ManDi : Mandingenelele tata.
MlunGisi: (Ehleka) Ubunokuhleka wome yintsini, ndlela le ixhwele elalimgabhisa ngayo lisithi likhupha izidlanga nesimnyama.
noZi: Sambhada uMfundisi, safika egximfiza iingcambu ebile ethe xhopho, indlu yakhe inuka impepho.
Diko: Ngendibuye kwaphezolo ukuba ngaba bezikhona izinto zokubuya.
ZenZile: Isisombululo kukufa. Andikhange ndimamele kuba mna ndandizithembe ngokutya amaqhosha ebhatyi yam.
Diko: Awu, madoda! Yitsh'uphinda Gaba.
ZenZile: Eyona nto ixhel'umphefumlo wam, ndim wonke unobangela wokudilika kolu donga.
Diko: Ayekele umzi wakhe ube sisisulu selo lokonya lingukufa?
ayabulela: Siza kusala thina siziinkedama?
Diko: Ilizwe lethu lonakele. ManDi : Masiyiyekeni le ncoko kuba mna andifuni kuzicandela umgalagala.
ZenZile: Asimnqweno wam ukulilahla ithemba, uqale ulahlwe lilo nawe ke ulilahle. ManDi : Awu, ntetho ni na leyo?
noZi: Ndixolele ukuyithi xibilili phaya loo bhatyi yecawa kunokubukela inzala yam itshatyalaliswa lidangatye lokufa bekhona abanokulibhangisa elo dangatye, kuphele futhi ngalo.
nesi: Yhe ntombi khawutsho, uphi ke ngoku ManDi : Ndifundisa eKapa qha ndibuyile wethu kuba izikolo zisavaliwe. Usephaya wena esibhedlele?
MlunGisi: Hayi andikakulandeli mna sisi, khawulityebise.
ZenZile: Andinakukwazi mna mama ukuhamba nawe xa wena notata ningaculi culo linye.
ZenZile: (Uyalila) Ndatyal'imbewu kweli lizwe.
Macebo: Xa kunje nengqondo ithi dlwe.
MlunGisi: Kanti ngamanye amaxesha, izagwelo zembongi yomthonyama ziyawukhuthaza umkhosi utsho uhambele phezulu ukuqethul'utshaba.
Umbhali unakho ukumchaza ngokwakhe umlinganiswa lowo. Le ndlela ilunge xa umbhali enenjongo yokushiya imfundiso ethile.
ayabulela: Tata, ungafi kaloku siyakudinga ekhaya.
Umbhali umenza umlinganiswa aziphuhlise ngokwakhe - ngamazwi wakhe. Umfundi utsho azenzele ezakhe izigqibo ngesimo salo mlinganiswa.
noZi: Kwimeko enje wena usalibele kukunkqonkqoza. (Gqobho uyangena) He bantu, kuthe cwaka! Kutheni nje ingathi kukhal'ibhungane?
Diko: Ndiyanicela ngokuzithoba nibuyele emzini wam sigwadle le nyewe kaZenzile.
noZi: Uyihlo Zenzile uneenkani, akawafuni amagqirha.
ZenZile: Ezaa nduli ziziziphongo phesha phaya ziyandikhweba.
MlunGisi: Sikhulu isigidimi eza naso!
noZi: (Uyakhala) Iyho-o-o!
Diko: Liza kutsha ibhayi.
ZenZile: (Esothuka) Awu, ufike nini na Mandi Loo nto eli phika. ManDi : Ndiyakubona ukuba uyakhefuzela, andizokubamde nam?
noZi: Hayi sanukuhamba ngolu hlobo, anigxothwanga.
nesi: Yakwaphuka loo nduku akusongi zandla. Ugempula ngengalo, usonga namanqindi usithini.
bobani: Ewe bhuti.
ayabulela: Tata ezi zinto uzithethayo andizilandeli. Uthi kanye kanye kwenzeka ntoni kumama ukuze alishiye ihlabathi esemncinci kangaka?
MlunGisi: Kuthiwani ke?
Diko: Heyi wena!
Ngaphakathi endlwini. UNozi uxelela uMandi okokuba uDiko uvumile ukuba uZenzile aye kubhila-bhilwa ngamaxhwele.
noZi: Yho-o! Umntwan'am uyafa.
Macebo: Wona lo mba, akufunekanga sirhuqe milenze kuwo. Kufuneka siyitshaye isaqhuma.
Indlela yokuhlalutya umdlalo . . . . . . . . ..
noZi: Watsho wasivuselela ngexesha lobuntwana.
noZi: Lala ngoku uyazibona okokuba uyaxhaxha yingqele.
noZi: Onke ke loo matiletile enziwayo, kuzanywa ukududulela utshaba kude phaya.
ZenZile: Umama wakho ulele kobandayo. Andonwabanga, uyandikhweba-khweba kabuhlungu ngokweempiko zesikhova zilekuzwa ngumbane.
Macebo: Utsho na bhuti?
MlunGisi: Kukuzama bhuti. Kaloku sikhuthazwa nanguwe lo.
Macebo: Akhona amaxesha anjalo bhuti.
ZenZile: (Ekhohlela) Uthini loo myalezo ManDi : Zininzi izinto azithethileyo, kodwa eyona imhluphayo yile yokuba uthi kuye, wena umama wakhe ulele phakathi kweenduli ezithe saa okwesiqalane. Uthi wena uthi umama wakhe uyakukhwebakhweba kabuhlungu ngokweempiko zesikhova ezilekuzwa ngumbane?
ZenZile: Wayesecaleni kwakho.
Kweminye imidlalo kukho inqanaba elithile apho sithi isenzeko esithile sakwenzeka utsho umdlalo uqengqeleke ukubheka phambili. Lowo mzuzu wokwenzeka koku kuthiwa linqanaba lendudulela phambili. Maxa wambi le ndudulela-phambili ikhe ilityaziswe ibesekuqaleni kwenqanaba lokuyondelelana kwebali.
noZi: Uyabona uza kuhamba apha. ManDi : Uxolo ke mama ngokukuphatha emanyeni.
nesi: Kungamagqirha, amaxhwele, oogqirha nabo balapha. Bayakhuthazwa ukuba mabasebenzisane ekuzeni nesisombululo sechiza eliza kuphilisa umntu ofunyenwe sesi sifo.
noZi: Ndakuthwala iinyanga ezisithoba ndihamba nawe kwimixethuka yeli lizwe ungenakuzenzela nto. Wayephi uyihlo ngelo xesha?
noZi: (Ethabatha) Enkosi ntomb'am. Ukuvuswa ngekofu, nokwenza enjena ukuba tshoqololo. Ndayigqibela ngonoquku into enjalo. ManDi : Owu wena mama.!
Macebo: Into emasicacelwe yiyo kukuba ubhuti ayinguye lowa umaziyo.
ZenZile: Thina lutsha asifuni kumamela. ManDi : Sowukwenye ngoku?
Diko: Ngenani bantakwethu.
nesi: Mholweni mama.
noZi: Ntomb'am, mandikubulele. ManDi : Ngantoni na mama?
ZenZile: Ndidlalile ngabantwana babantu. Ndidlalile ndabophula iintliziyo, akwanela apho, ndabafaka esi sifo ndinaso. ManDi: Umntu okule meko yakho, akufuneki asoloko ezisola.
ZenZile: (Elila) Namhla eli xhadi lomzi lindim, lilo elingunobangela wokuqhekeka kwalo mzi.
Diko: Mfazi, sukude ucacise ndithe kuwe ndiyaqhula.
Macebo: Kwelinje izulu ManDi : (Ekhala) Yho-o! Umntwana wasekhaya. Sawuphinde simfumane phi na omnye ubhuti?
Diko: Ndibekeni emgceni madoda.
Diko: Mholo Mlungisi. Tyhini molo nawe Macebo.
bobabini: Ewe ke.
Diko: Kukuthini na ukuyifaka mfazi intlungu, yiyo ezifakayo.
MlunGisi: (Emkhupha) Lindela umnxeba malunga nosuku lokuza kufika kwethu.
MlunGisi: (Ephuma) Ulikhuphe latsola umkhuluwa.
Diko: Ewe, kaloku ngokuya bendithetha kwiseli fowuni bebesithi basendleleni eza eZiphunzana, eDiphini.
ZenZile: Eza nduli zithe saa phaya, ziyandikhweba. Wakuvuthuza umoya, la masebe ale mithi yasekhaya ayanqwala. ManDi : Ziintoni na ezi zinto uzithethayo?
Macebo: USathana akayifuni into entle.
noZi: SingabakaThixo sonke. Naloo mandla anawo loo magqirha naloo maxhwele njalo, njalo, bawafumana kuThixo phezulu ukunceda thina apha emhlabeni phantsi.
noZi: (Ethetha yedwa) Ulele ngenene unyana wam. Ulele obentlombe kunjalo-nje, ngathi besingasandul'ukuxoxa. Nokuba sekumnyam'entla okanye kumnyama ezantsi, ukuzipha amathafa kona, ndiza kuzipha. Nokuba sisifo esinjani na esiphethe lo mntwana, ndiyamthanda ngowam. Ingade ibe lukhwekhwe lwexhwili, okanye iqhenkqa lo mfo waseBhayibhileni, ndiyamthanda uZenzile. Ndihamba naye phofu ndingaqali, kuba ndandimthwele esesesiswini. Ukuba ngaba uyise kaZenzile akafuni sibuyele esithebeni seengxoxo malunga nempilo yalo mntwana, lo mzi uza kuqhekeka. Andinakho ukuyekela umntwana wam ngokufa kuzenzela apha kuye. Iindlela zokwaphula amandla esiphango zininzi, bambi bayasihesha, besichila ukusigempula ngengalo. Bambi bagrumb'imisele ukuze amanzi aso ahambele phaya angangen'endlwini, bambi bagquma ngamacangci izakhiwo ezigexegexe zingabhudlwa sisiphango sokufa ze ludilike udonga. Ukuba luyadilika udonga lwalo mzi, kungcono ndiqoqoshe amabibi am kunye nenzala yombilini wam ndenjenjeya ukugoduka. Kowu, warhona unyana wam warhona! Uwutsala ezantsi kabuhlungu umxhelo okwemvu eqhawukayo iqhawulwa uqhoqhoqho. Ukuba asiqakathi kuqala sixel'ukuqakatha kwenkonyana liqakatha enkundleni, eli nkonyana lidlobayo lingukufa liza kuqakatha kuqala liqengq'ugodo ukuya kumfaka phakathi kumlomo wedlaka lo mntwana. Kolu lutsha lweli xesha, iziyolo zanamhlanje, zikukufa kulo, lutsho luyokungena tshwaa emathunjini omhlaba.
MlunGisi: Kuhanjwa nini ke bhuti?
noZi: Uneenkani uyihlo Mandi. Ukuba ngaba asilumkanga, ayakuba sisiyaluyalu asikhuphele ngaphandle loo manzi.
Diko: Kufike u-Ayabulela edubulekile. Saqonda ukuba lidlalile apho lidlale khona.
Diko: Ngowuphi ke lowo?
noZi: Sukuyifaka kakhulu le ntlungu engqondweni yakho. Uyazibona na kakade ukuba use waluswazi?
Diko: Ewe, uZenzile, ndaniphoxa, ndanigxotha kakubi phofu nina nizama ukuncedana nam.
noZi: Kunjalo ngqo ke ntomb'am. ManDi : Bonke obu bunewu-newu buphezu kweli gada zizinto zomDali, iNkosi yethu.
noZi: (Uyakhala) Yho-o! Lo mtwana uphethe udaba olubi akumfuniseli nokumfunisela.
Macebo: Makhe simbeke ecaleni uThixo. Simnqula sisebenzisa ezinye iindlela namandla akwavela kuYe.
noZi: Phola ntomb'am kuba le nto umntu ikhula ixhuma kweli lizwe. ManDi : Kukuthini na mama ukuphola kutshisa?
Diko: Nangoku, nangomso. Ndingayithakazelela kakhulu mna loo nto.
noZi: (Uyalila) Zenzi mna noyihlo sahlukana nje ngezimvo. Akunakuthi usebenze kangaka, kwanje kweli khaya ngomzuzwana, sisole uThixo ngokuza kwakho emhlabeni. Siyevana noyihlo, kakhulu kunjalonje.
Diko: (Enqumama) Kuza kufuneka ndibuye ndihlanganise abantakwethu. Siphinde silushukuxe kakuhle olu daba.
noZi: Hayi besendihamba mna ngoku ngenxa yale nto. Ndiye ndathana nqwakatha noMandi emnyango.
ZenZile: Bendifuna ukuthi enkosi.
Diko: Iye yandihlala kakubi kakhulu into yokuba mna ndifane nonyawo lwambeth'indlela ekubeni aph'emzini wam kujinga ilifu elimnyama.
Diko: Thula kaloku mfazi. Uphi ngoku, ubhubhile?
Diko: Nditsho ngezi ngcambu nala maxolo emithi athe saa kwelaa gumbi lilala uZenzile.
Diko: Ukuba makuthiweni Oogqirha nezibhedlele zalaph'eMonti sizigqibile, kodwa isisu ebesigabha amasi sigabha amanzi?
noZi: Kazi ukuba ndingumzali mni na lo wohlwaywa ngolu hlobo!
MlunGisi: Qhuba ke bhuti simamele.
noZi: Anditsho ukuba igalelo labo ndiyalidelela kodwa imizamo iwe ngeempondo.
noZi: Sithi utheni?
Diko: Kwenzeke ntoni na madoda kwela khaya (Exhalabile) Awu! Lihlomile apho lihlome khona! Abantu abangaka emzini wam Kutheni madoda ke uNozi angandazisi ngocingo, okanye wonganyelwe zizikhukhula zexhala Ingaba unyana wam uZenzile ude wanikezela na Nale moto yam ngathi igangatha ndaweni-nye. Izikhalo ezingako ndiziva ndikude lee! Kodwa naye ke unyana wam uZenzile, uvuna akulimileyo! Lixesha elibi kakhulu eli. Lixesha apho ubani ekufuneka ukuba ezikhathalele, ingakumbi umlisela nomthinjana welizwe lakowethu. Lo mntwana ndamfundisa kabuhlungu, de wayityekeza kanti uza kuyityekezela imfundo yakhe ngaphakathi kumlomo wedlaka eselula enjalo. Ukuthanda kwakhe amantombazana kumse phi Olu lutsha aluzikhuseli nokuzikhusela. Xa simbambile isifo umntwana, suke athi nkamalala, inkala ixing'etyeni Ilahleko engako! Akulahlekelwanga kuphela thina lusapho lomzi wakwaNdoyibeleka, koko kulahlekelwe isizwe siphela. Xa isizwe silahlekelwa lulutsha ngesantya esinje ukuxhoma, uqoqosho lweli lizwe lobuya luzinze na Khona, isizwe ngaphandle kolutsha siyakuba sisizwe esinekamva elinjani Bayahamba abantwana bethu bebulawa lutshaba olunye. Luphi na ulwamvila lwesi sifo sibagawulayo Akusekho namiqaqoba na kumahlathi ezwe lakowethu, imiqaqoba yokubangula olu lwamvila xa oonotaka, iinaliti nezipeliti zaseNtshona zisophukela enxebeni Olu tshaba luyazenzela ingakumbi xa aba bantwana betye ezi ziyobisi notywala. Olu tshaba luyazenzela kuba ulutsha lweli lizwe, lulwa nalo lungekho zingqondweni. Xa esi sifo siqethula nabasesezingqondweni, kobeka phi kwabo bangekho zingqondweni benxilile Baba njengexhama elitolwe ngabaThwa. Heke! Ndada ndafika emzini wam..?
noZi: Hayi mntwana wam, asidinwanga nguwe.
MlunGisi: Siye samthela thsuphe ke usisi.
noZi: Kodwa ke nyhani ebengathini uyihlo ukungaphunguleki ingqondo, xa intonga yakhe esekhosi ijamelene nentaba yokufa ManDi: Inye qha into endiyaziyo, yile yokuba, ukuba ngaba ubhuti uzixelele ukuba uza kuphila, uza kuphila ke?
Macebo: Ngurhasatsha eli ixhwele. Into endiyithandayo kulo, alithelekisi libe lisithi hanana, hanana. Lenz'umsebenzi walo.
MlunGisi: Ekumphathaphatheni kwethu, sifumanise ukuba hayi uyimpumlo yenja.
noZi: Ungalili Mandi kaloku ntomb'am, wakugqiba ukusomeleza ngamazwi amnandi, amazwi anencasa njengobusi. ManDi : Zamani eziny'iindlela tata.
Diko: Cacisa. ManDi: Ludilize udonga luwe phantsi kube kanye xa luneentanda, kubuywe kumiswe olutsha ngezinti ezintsha.
Kusebusuku, uDiko, uNozi noMandi bathe nqwadalala ezisofeni. UMandi umi entla akavumi ukuba unina ahambe. Ubonisa utata wakhe ekwamlukisa ngokuba angamameli kakhulu abantu. Makahambe ngayiboninayo ukuba ngaba ekwenzeni njalo uZenzile uza kuphila. Abantu basemhlabeni ngamamene-mene nabakhohlisi abakhulu.
MlunGisi: Kuthe kanti siyinyathele emsileni ngokukhankanya indaba yamaxhwele.
noZi: Hayi nam ndithetha nje.
Diko: Yima ndiza kukuphendula nkosikazi. Mandi nam ndenzele into ephungwayo. ManDi : Kulungile ke tata, kamnandi namanzi abilile.
noZi: Kowu! Umntwana wam uyaphela njengomlozi.
ZenZile: Uphi utata?
Macebo: Ilifu elimnyama, liqulathe ukufa.
Diko: Ukuba usaphila.
ZenZile: Hayi anditsho njalo Mandi. Uthe ufike nini apha ManDi : Izolo bhuti. Ndiye ndanyanzelisa ngenxa yemeko yakho emandundu?
Diko: Ke ngoku?
noZi: Kwakutheni angakuthwali Uthwalwe ndim lo?
Diko: Thina madoda nisenza babi ebantwaneni bethu, nize xa iziqhamo zikrakra kunyanzeleke nathi ukuba siginye loo ncindi yekhala nokuba asithandi.
MlunGisi: Ufuna sithini ke thina sisi?
Diko: Ndicinga ukuba bubuchule ukuba nawe ubekho xa sigwadla umba kaZenzile.
noZi: (Uthetha yedwa) Le mveku iphantse yandibhaqa xa ndicela kule nto yabantwana. Kodwa lo mntwana uyaqonda ukuba ikho into endikhathazayo. Loo nto naye umzukulwana wam uxhelekile ngaphakathi yile meko kayise. Ndiyazama ukuzifihla kodwa lo mntwana ugqobhoza ngaphaya. Hayi, mandithule nanku esiza.
noZi: Izibhedlele ezi zimtyekeze okomlambo utyekeza amabibi.
noZi: Kwiveki ephelileyo ootatomncinci bakho bebelapha.
MlunGisi: Asinakuthi xa indima iqatyeliswa, sithi xa sijongene nokuvuna ebesikulimile, ze simkhuphele ngaphandle usisi.
MlunGisi: Hamba ze.
ZenZile: Okokoko ndafunyaniswa ukuba ndinesi sifo, intlungu yam nayithabathela kuni, nagxwala nam njengomhlambi weenkomo ugxwalela leyo ifileyo emswaneni.
Diko: Yima ndithethe. Abantwana ezikolweni ababethwa, baphath'iimela nemipu, bayabulalana abazihloniphi neetitshala. Qalani nilungise apho phambi kokuba nilwele imivuzo. ManDi: Akwazi nto wena tata. Akuvumelekanga wohlwaye kweli xesha sikulo, kuthiwa yimpatho-mbi.
noZi: (Uyalila) Ndincede mntwan'am. Bek'ithemba ngaphambili udanise uSathana.
noZi: Ungatsho nje ukuba kubi kakhulu ukubayititshala kweli xesha. ManDi: Ngenye imini enye inkwenkwe yagxadazela ngakwi-ofisi yenqununu.
Diko: He madoda kwenzeke ntoni?
noZi: Owu maNgwevu umntwan'am.
ZenZile: (Kwigumbi elimnyama) Esi sifo sindibethelele nca phantsi okomakhi ebethelela isicaba secangci kuphahla lwendlu, eqinisa uphahla lungemki nemimoya ebhudlayo. Andikwazi nokusukuma kule bhedi ndikuyo kuba umakhi onguSathana izikhonkwane zokufa uzibethelele zatshona kum. Namhla izinwe zam endiziphiwe nguThixo andikwazi kuzisebenzisa kulo mhlaba! Kwa-oku kufandini, kuza kuphinda kundincothule kulo mandlalo okomoya uncothula uphahla lwendlu jwii ukuya kundilahla phakathi kumlomo wengcwaba. Kunjengomakhi, ukundakhela ikoyana emnyama apho ubugoxo bamathambo am aya kubekwa khona unaphakade! Naloo fenitshala endiza kungena nayo kuloo ndlwana imnyama ingenazifesitile, andiyinqweneli. Awu! Madoda ukufa yinto enjani Nelo gunjana lithe ng'a umlomo okweyuku ngathi lifun'ukuginya umfunzelo, lindilindele. Ngoku sendiya kungena kwilizwe elimnyama, ndibushiye ubuqheleqhele, ubuyokoyoko, nobo bukhazikhazi beli lizwe ukuya kwisithokothoko sobumnyama. Sendiya kwelo lizwe lilodwa, apho iintlanga zakhona, oozimbovane, ooziimpethu ziza kuzenzela kum okwamaxhalanga kwihashe elifileyo kuba zingandifuni kwilizwe lazo. 'Ncwadi nosiba nkwenkwe yasemaZizini!' IMIbUZo NeeMpeNDUlo Imibuzo Apha uza kufumana imibuzo emifutshane kunye nombuzo omde. Umbuzo 1 Funda esi sivakalisi silandelayo uze uphendule imibuzo elandelayo?
noZi: Hayi Zenzile musa ukushoba apha. Khona umfazi wakho uza kuphumla njani apho angqengqe khona, zezi ntetho zakho?
ZenZile: Enkosi, mama ngokundikhulisa nokundifundisa ndide ndibemngaka.
noZi: Akunakubhitya ube nje, ubhitye okwentethe eyomele emcingeni kanti le nto ayihambi yodwa.
noZi: (Uyalila) UZenzile umntwana wam ungamathambo. Siya kuze siphele nini na esi sibetho sesi sifo?
noZi: Iyandikhathaza into yokuba ningafuni namanzi aphungwayo weli khaya.
Diko: (Uyamphulula) Sikuvile nyana.
noZi: Ukuba uyinkomo ebethwe eluphondweni uya kuphambana.
Diko: (Ejonga) Kanene uthe le mixube yeembodlela yeyokuthini?
ZenZile: (Uyakhutywa) Yini na mama yingxolo yantoni le ingaka?
Diko: Ngathi akakho zingqondweni ngoku.
nesi: Eli phulo lisandul'ukusungulwa, likuzwe lonke. ManDi: Ingathi kupipiza imoto nje?
nesi: Ebethanda kakhulu ukuya kufekethela ubhuti wakhe phaya esibhedlele. (Kuyahlekwa) ManDi: Hayi intombi engangam yakhe yafeketha phi?
ZenZile: Seliqhawukile elo bande uthetha ngalo. Into inye dadethu kukuvakala kwesithonga pharha ndisothuleka phezulu kwiliwa lokufa, kuphele ngam. ManDi: Kanti nokhe wothuleka phezulu ebetheka, usengasinda abuye avuthulule uthuli lomhlaba, alungise apho enze khona iimpazamo.
Diko: Ntombi yam, kanene uthi wena ufike izolo ManDi : Ewe tata?
Diko: Mfazindini, hamba uyokulala.
Apha impixano seyitwebeke ngokupheleleyo, sesifikile encotsheni yentaba ebesikade siyinyuka. Apha ke akusekho ukubuya ngamva nokuba umntu selefuna, kwaye ebona apho aphazame khona. Abalinganiswa abaphambili benza izinto eziphethula intshukumo yomdlalo kwaphela.
ZenZile: Masiziyeke ezi ntetho. Ebalulekileyo kule ngxingwa ndikuyo yeyokuba ndazise ulutsha ukuba, ukuba alunyawuki luza kurhawuka. ManDi: Impilo yakho bhuti ngathi akuyikhathalele!
MlunGisi: Ndiyayazi loo nto.
ayabulela: Ndithini ke mna tata xa uthetha ngolu hlobo Andinawo mna amava obomi?
ZenZile: Ndinencilikithi ngoku ndifuna ukulala. (Kukhala amantshontsho enkuku) ManDi: Khawuthi wethu bhuti ndikhangele unina wala mantshontsho akhala kabuhlungu, ndiyabuya.
Kananjalo sithelwa tshuphe ngabalinganiswa abaza kudlala indima enkulu kwidrama. Kweminye imidlalo kwakweli nqanaba sifumana indudulela-phambili okanye inkcukumiso, kutsho kuqhawuke unobathana. Wena wakha wasiva isithonga sompu esindulula imbaleki!
noZi: Hayi, khawumyeke umnakwenu alale. ManDi : Mama utheth'ukuba ndiza kuphinda indlela ndingakhange ndenze undum ndum naye?
noZi: Andingekhe mna ndiyamkele imeko enje.
MlunGisi: Lilonke ke bhuti, besicinga okokuba khe sithi ukuya koosiyazi.
Macebo: Yintoni isizathu?
Macebo: Hayi iquphile. Ayikhange ifune nokudibana nathi.
ayabulela: Kulungile ke makhulu ndiza kuyokuhlamba izandla.
noZi: Hayi mna ndiyazoyika ezi ntetho.
Diko: Anazani kanene ManDi : Kodwa, ndibuqhelile obu buso?
noZi: Ungayithethi loo nto myeni wam.
noZi: Mntwan'am ubutyile?
noZi: Kungcono uyazazi nezichasanisi, bekungakuhle xa ubungutitshala.
noZi: Owu, Nkosi yam! Yinto endiza kuyithini le?
ZenZile: Singabanye, ukuze sibhadle kufuneka into ifumane wena, uthi uqabuka kube sekophulwe. ManDi : Ndivuyela le yalo mnyinyiva.
noZi: Hayi wethu Diko myeni wam, akunjalo.
Diko: Thoba izibilini mfazi.
noZi: Khawuthi khe ndinishiye ndiyokupheka isidlo sasemini. Le nto ifuna ootata.
noZi: Apho siya khona ziza kudamba.
Macebo: Bhuti, njengokuba usithi thaphu phesheya phaya koo-C, siceba ukuya phaya kwakho njengezigqibo.
MlunGisi: Khanime kancinci, kukhal'iseli fowuni.
Diko: Andiyikhathalele mna loo nto.
noZi: Okokoko uZenzile ehlala apha ndiyalwa noyise wakhe.
noZi: Hayi, siye sevana sana lwam. ManDi : Phofu uDisemba selapha. Ndiza kuhlala ndanele apha ekhaya.
ZenZile: Singade singayiland'emva, kodwa kumfiliba phambili.
MlunGisi: Abantwana abaqeqeshekileyo banjeya ke.
Diko: Sixabene kakhulu nomfazi simisene apha.
ZenZile: Ndadlala ngomama wenu ndaza, ndamfaka esi sifo ndigula siso kuba kaloku ndandiphandl'apha. a) Ingaba umfazi kaZenzile wabulawa sesiphi isifo (2) b) Ingaba isifo esambulalayo wasifumana njani (2) c) UZenzile yena ugule yintoni (1) d) Ingaba esi sifo sakhe usifumene njani (2) e) Umbhali ucebisa ukuba kutyiwe ntoni ukuze ube sempilweni xa unesi sifo (2) f) Zeziphi ezinye izinto ezibonwa ngumbhali ukuba zicezelwe lulutsha (2) g) Chaza amalungelo abantwana abalulwe ngumbhali kule ncwadi. (4) h) UDiko nabantakwabo baxabana ngantoni (2) i) Ingaba uZenzile ubaxelele abazali bakhe ukuba ugula yintoni Xhasa impendulo yakho. (2) j) Ngokombhali iititshala azisahlonitshwa. Zintoni ezenzeka ezikolweni kule mihla (5) k) Msebenzi mni owenziwa nguMandi Xhasa impendulo yakho. (1) /25/ Umbuzo 2 Cazulula isimo sentlalo esizotywa ngumbhali kule ncwadi. /25/ IIMpeNDUlo Umbuzo 1 a) Wabulawa sisifo ugawulayo. (2) b) Wosulelwa nguZenzile. (2) c) Ubulawa sisifo ugawulayo. (1) d) Ngokuhamba erhaqaza elala namantombazana amaninzi. (2) e) Imifuno enjengebhitruthi, ikhaphetshu, umnqatha noomgalika neziqhamo. (2) f) Zindywala neziyobisi. (2) g) Ukondliwa, ukunxitywa, ukufundiswa nokuqeqeshwa. (4) h) Bafuna ukuba uZenzile asiwe emagqirheni njengoko oogqirha abamhlophe boyisiwe sisifo anaso. (2) i) Akakucacisi oku umbhali. Kodwa kwincoko kaDiko noNesi sifumanisa ukuba uDiko unolwazi ngesi sifo. (2) j) Kukho izifo ezibi, oogawulayo, abantwana batya iziyobisi. Abantwana ezikolweni ababethwa, baphath'iimela nemipu, kwaye bayabulalana. (5) j) Yititshala kuba uthi iSADTU ilwela amalungelo abo. ISADTU ngumbutho wootitshala. (1) /25/ Umbuzo 2 a) Apha umbhali uzoba isimo sentlalo sanamhla. ibali lakhe lenzeka kwilokishi yaseMonti. Izinto ezenzekayo zizinto zanamhla. (2) b) Umfazi kaZenzile ubhubhile ebulawa sisifo ugawulayo asosulelwe ngumyeni wakhe owayethe saa iinzwane esitalatweni etshintsha-tshintsha amantombazana. UZenzile usekhukhweni lokufuna uphethwe sisifo ugawulayo. (3) c) Iititshala zilwela imivuzo ziyaqhankqalaza. Umbutho wazo iSADTU ilwela amalungelo wabo. (1) d) Ezikolweni abafundi abahloniphi. Kuvel'izifo ezibi, oogawulayo, iziyobisi abantwana bazitya nasezikolweni, yimbubhane nje. Abantwana ezikolweni ababethwa, baphath'iimela nemipu, bayabulalana. (5) e) Kusetyenziswa iiselula neefowuni kunxibelelwano. (2) f) Izigulana zihanjiswa ngenqwelo yezigulana ukuya ezibhedlele. Kuthethwa ngoonesi noogqirha abakhathalela kwaye abanyange abantu. Uthe akungquleka uZenzile wabalekiselwa esibhedlele ngenqwelo yezigulana ukuya kufumana unyango khona. (3) g) UDiko akafuni nokuva ngento ephathelele koosiyazi. Abantwakwabo nonkosikazi wakhe bacinga ukusa uZenzile koosiyazi njengoko izibhedlele zoyisiwe sisifo agula siso. (2) h) Ulutsha lungena lwaphelela kwiziyobisi neendywala.(2) i) Unesi ucebisa ukuba wonke umntu ukuba aziqhelanise nemifuno kulinywe ezitiyeni phaya, kuthityazwa amandla ezi zifo zibhoke isicuku. Makutyiwe imifuno enjengebhitruthi, khaphetshu, umnqatha noomgalika kwaye kutyiwe nezqhamo. (4) j) Kuthethwa nangefenitshala. Apha uZenzile uthetha ngebhokisi aza kungcwatywa ngayo. (1) /25/ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo onokuyibuza 1. Cazulula isakhiwo salo mdlalo. 2. Xoxa kuvokotheke ngendlela ababunjwe ngayo abalinganiswa. 3. Ingaba impixano iliqhubela phambili njani ibali 4. Xoxa uze uchaze ukuba ingxoxo iliqhubela phambili njani ibali. 5. Xoxa ngesimbo sombhali kunye nolwimi alusebenzisileyo kulo mdlalo?
MlunGisi: Sibizwe ngocingo yintombi le yakho uMandi.
Diko: Uthini Mlungisi?
Diko: Madoda, akuthiwa na esiXhoseni inyathi ibuzwa kwabaphambili?
noZi: Kum watsho wavela loo rhwelele wobuqaqawuli beenkwenkwezi.
ZenZile: Ndiyaphinda ndithi kuni aninatyala! Mama sul'ezo nyembezi, hleze zibe ziiphuphuma kwindlela yam endiza kuyihamba, ndize ndeyele.
Macebo: Imibuzo ayibuzani.
noZi: Yitsho uphinda mntwan'am.
ZenZile: Awu! Mama, ndizakumana ndisithi kuni 'enkosi'.
Bathini abanye abalinganiswa ngaye. Abanye abalinganiswa basenokuchaza ubunjani babanye abalinganiswa.
Macebo: Kooshiyiswana ngezakhono zabahlakuli, igaba lisenza umsebenzi walo, liphatha kuqhumfuza amagada obomi ukutyhila ikamva lezo zithombo ziyekeyeke ngenxa yeentshaba zakwantsimi, oomihlabangula, oozinkunzane, oobhoqo, ooqaqaqa, oovityo njalo, njalo.
Diko: Kum Nesi aphele emlonyeni.
MlunGisi: Kanti akukho nto bhuti, siyayibona imeko okuyo.
noZi: Akufani esi sizukulwana sanamhlanje sisifa njengeempukane.
ZenZile: Ukushiya ilizwe elinje, elinento yonke ebubomi ingakumbi kulutsha. ManDi : Kwanele ngoku kudala uzohlwaya.
noZi: Kule mfazwe sikuyo, sifanale ukukhupha zonk'izikrweqe esinazo. Sikhuphe naleyo isemgqubeni sizincame njengejoni lenkululeko.
ZenZile: Uhamba uya phi?
Diko: Usile ke noko Nozi.
ZenZile: Uyakhwaza umntu omka nomlambo weemeko, uyamemeza, ephatha kukhweba esithini, ze xa umlambo usiya kumthi tyaa elwagcibeni, kusukeliswe, kulandwe ekhondweni ukuya kumnyula kwisiziba seenkathazo lowo usengxakini.
Diko: Ndiyayazi loo nto.
ZenZile: Kuzizinja zomkhondo zilapha. Kungamabhaku akomkhulu nawo alapha.
noZi: Nalapha kuthi ke, olu thango lomthandazo lusirhangqileyo, kungcono siludilize, umnini womhlambi uThixo wobuya alubiye kuba umhlambi wakhe ubuxinwe lutshaba uSathana.
<fn>Random.EZINYE.WP.txt</fn>
Wafuna ukuba azekelwe uSikhulume, waba ngafunelwa intombi akayifuna. Wafunelwa iintombi zeenkosi neziikhulu, hayi bo, akazifuna konke; wathi xa abantu sebeediniwe befuna, ukumkhalala, wathi, "Ndifuna intombi kaMangangezulu." Bathi abantu, "Yho! unani 10 mntwaana ukusa oku KwaMangangezulu akuyi lubuyayo." Wathi, "AndikhathaIi, ndingaba andisayi kuze ndizeke ngaphandle kwaloo ntombi." Bada abantu bavuma kuba kuthethe inkosi?
Banduluka ke Iwakufika usuku lokuba bahambe. Bathi endleleni yabo bacanda ihlathi eIikhulu, baza bawela umlambo; babona impuku. Yathi impuku, "Musani ukundishiya ndiyimpuku eneendaba." yathi le mpuku, "Ndihlinzeni," bayihlinza. Yathi, "Ndithatheni ufele, inyaama niyibeke phezu kweIitye ingatyiwa ziimbovane." Bahamba baya kufika kwaMangangezulu. Yathi le mpuuku (oko kukuthi, ufele Iwayo), "Ngenani ngelinye isango nize nithi kwakubuzwa ukuba kutheni na ukuba ningeene ngesango t:iivaliweyo likho eIivulekileyo, nithi, "Lisiiko lethu.', Kwabuzwa ekhayapha, bathi ukuphendula, soba sihamba. Uya kuza ke uMangangezulu acofe eziinqeni intsimbi, athi ongenayo amxabele. Ze nithi ke akugqiba, owothukileyo avuse abanye nihambe." Hayi ke bethu zeza iintombi. Bathi abafana, "Sinyingiseni intsimbi." zabanyingisa ke iintombi. Kwalalwa. Yemka impuku noSikhulume nomfazi wakhe. Wafika uMangaangezulu, wamana ukucofa ezinqeni exabela kongenaantsimbi; watsho ezintombini zodwa, watsho akwasala nokuba ibenye. Wahamba umduna omkhulu ethetha yedwa esithi, "Afile khona la magqwirha abefuna ukuumka nomntan' am." Bavusana abayeni bemka. Wavusa abantu bonke uMangangezulu ukuba baye kukhangela. Bangena batyhila. Kwowu! batsho ngesijwili sesikhalo esikrakra, besithi, "Yho! Yho! abantwana bethu! La magqwirha asindile kwafa abantwana bethu." Wathi akuyiva loo nto uMangangezulu wafuna ukuzibulala ngakumbi, ngakumbi ngomntwana wakhe; bamnqaanda' abantu bakhe. Wahamba uSikhulume nabantu bakhe baya kufika kwelaa hlathi lempuku eneendaba. Yathi, "Ndambathiseni enyameni yam ndiyasala ngoÂ· ku." Bayishiya ngemibulelo emikhulu kunene. Bahaamba baya kufika ekhaya. Kwenziwa imigidi kutshatiswa inkosi nentombi yesikhulu uMangangezulu. Yayinto enkulu yomsitho, amadoda atyhuluba azilahlela emduudweni. Abonakala amadoda omdudo namadoda anoonyawo Iwengqaqhu.
Seyibile ing4tyhofithi. Wathi umfazi sithe ngaphaya kwelitye elalilikhulu ecaleni kwakhe, wamana ukulisuunduza kancinci. E-e! Kwakanye, kwathana lenye layisuukela, kwagqobha kuphumela kunye nelitye liyiphethe. Yabila indoda yalithonti, yabila isoma, iphathe kukhwina ngamanye amaxesha. Kwalile ngorhatya layiyeka yaya kufika ekhaya. Yathi khebevu egumbini. Wathi umfazi, "Yintoni na Sobani" "Owu, mfazi wam, andithena ndisaakha amaqunube kwelaa tyholo lisekuthinithini, ndibone ngelitye selonde ngam lisiza kum lindisukela. Ligqobhe liphumela nam eli langa lonke lanamhla, ndidinwe andiyonto Nobani." Wathi umfazi, "O-o! Kunjalo Waatsho wayeka ke waphaka wayinika. "Awu! Ub'uzuze phi na Nobani, nkosikazi yakuthi" uvakele esitsho omdala equlethe obanzi umthamo 10. Wathi unkosikazi, "Hayi, ndizuze kowethu." Hayi bethu kwatyiwa kwayinto entle ekhay' apha, konwatywa kwahluthwa kwamnandi?
Kwathi ke kaloku indoda yazeka umfazi. Lo mfazi wazaala abantwana bababini, intombi nenkwenkwe. Igama lenkwenkwe lalinguSikhulume kuba 10 mntwana wazaaIwa engathethi, engakhohleli, enganyi ebeleni likanina. Wayesitya isicakathi asikhelelwe ngudade wabo qha, engayifuni konke into ayenzelwe ngomnye umntu. Wakhula ke 10 mntwana wada wayinkwenkwe endala.
mnumzana kuba zizonka; wada wathi omnye umntwaana, kwaba bantwana baqavileyo, "E-h-e, yebethuni ziitheni na le nto ezikatata iinongwe zingatswiniyo ezethu zitswina nje Zenziwa yintoni, Mama" Wathi ke umfomkhulu, "Ha! Ha! Hayi mntwan'am kaloku, khuÂ· mbula le nto, ezam zezommango wamadoda, ezenu zezomrnango wabafazi.?
Mhlawumbi kungatshiwo, kuthiwe kuxa kuthi qheke ukusa kwabakowethu ngakwiimbali ezibhaliweyo; kuukhona kuthiwa balulu kosulwa iintongo. Uthi othethayo umbhali thina bantu abaMnyama asinazo, nezo zikhoyo azizanga zabhalwa ngabantu bazo; koko zabhalwa ngabamhlophe, ekungebikho ngqiniseko yabunyaniso yobunjalo boko kuthe kwabhalwa ngabamhlophe, kuba nako yaba yingqokelela ethethwe kulowo nakulowa. Noko kuyimpasalala nje yomlomo kuphela. Uya kucaacelwa kukungadibani kwaloo ngqokelela iwa ngokuwa, isisonka seentsipho ngembali enye, eya kuvela ngokuuvela kubabalisi. Ozama ukudibanisa uya kunxibelela 010 lwathsaka lumabala-bala.
Kwakhutshwa into eninzi yabantu bokuhamba naye.
Yagoduka intsuduba yendoda itsho esayo sazala zizonka. Yathi xa igodukayo yahamba isimba iinongwe. Yaya yaya kufika ekhaya. "Awu! Hayi nkosikazi asiyoondlala kowenu ibomvu; abantu babhitye bangumhlaba, baphila ziinongwe nabo kwaye kunzima kubo kuba zinqabile nezo nongwe." Watsho warhol' abezimbe waziifaka engxoweni wabanika.
Mlengana: Andiyithi nto.
Yintoni le M1engana uyenzileyo?
Ubulisaphi inqatha kodwa?
weza nabo. Wathi uSikhulume, "Akukho nto ndinayo mna, into ekhoyo bendithe tu ngabom lonke ixesha eli."Wabachazela ngesilwanyana abesibonile ngepheezolo, watsho esithi kulo mkhwetha wodade boyise maze athi kwabanye abakhwetha sibonwe nguye, bathi bakuumphikisa athi, "Kulungile maze siluke iintambo siziboophelele ezinyaweni; ndakunishukumisa ke ndakusiva." Bemka ke, oko kukuthi bahlukana. Baya kuzingela kwakhona abakhwetha, beza nazo iintaka bazosa. Uyiincokole laa mkhwetha laa nto abeyiyalelwe nguSikhuulume, kwabanye. Bamphikisa abanye. Wathi, "Kuluungile, bafondini, masiluke iintambo sizibophelele ezinyaaweni; ndakunishukumisa ke mna." Bathi kulungile. Balala ke bonke kwasala uSikhulume. Savakala isilo sisitsho ngomgqumo waso, "Silwana gumpu - u! Silwana gumpu - u! gumpu - u! Wabashukumisa bavuka basiva sisekude bonke, balungisa izikhali zabo. Safika sazitya iintloko zeentaka kwathi tu. Basingena ngezikhali basibulala. Kwasa kusasa bakhangela. Tyhiinil Sisilo. Esi silo sikhulu, kwelinye icala silihlathi, kweeIinye sisilo. Amakhankatha aya kubiza amadoda, aza asibona esi silo soyikeka kunene.
Kwathi ke kaloku ngantsomi, yaziintombi zaya kukha imbola. Zahamba, zahamba, zabona inkwenkwana, ekwakusithiwa ukubizwa kwayo nguZibokobokwana, ilandela; zathi, "Uya phi" Yathi, "Ndiya apho niya khona.?
Mlengana: Bekungathanga nto.
Kwasa kusasa. Yala inkwenkwe xa ivulela iinkorno, wathi uyise, "Hayi, mntwana warn, hlala namhlanje kuza kuya mna namhla ezinkomeni." Yathi inkwenkwe, "Hayi, Tata, kulungile sohamba sobabini, ndiza kuya narn." Wathi orndala, "Hayi, kwedini, ndithe hlala. Akuukuya, akukundilandela." Yajika njalo ke inkwenkwana.
AbaMhlophe abeza kweli lethu, ukuze sibe nakho ukufunda ngobhalo lwabo, makube yinxalenye yorhuululu Iweziya zizukulwana zabo oluvele eMoha, emakube Iwaba nethamsanqa lokungalahlekwa lubhalo Iwenteethoyabo.
na namhla abangakhe balinge kobo bunzima Khawuubuze ke, mfundi, uthi, "Isifundisa ntoni na le ntsomi!" Ndithi mna le ntsomi iyavusa, isixelela, isifundisa ukuba umntu 10 makangathi amabhongo akhe ahambe ewaathetha, ehamba ewathi pahaha. Makangawathethi, koko awagcine ngapha<athi kuye awazi yedwa, azenze uSiikhulume ngawo, kuba uthi umntu akuwaphalaza aweenjenjalo, athi kanti selezuzile, selewenzile ngokuthetha oko. Musa ukuwathethisela em IiIweni aya kumkisela. Kuphela kwantsomi?
Ngenceba, uYesu uNyana kaThixo, wasibona ubuuhlwempu bethu, wasibona ubuze bethu, wasibona ukungabi nabani kwethu, ukubhukuxa kwethu; ukuÂ· ngabi nabani kwethu akwanyamezeleka kuye.
Abamelwana beli lizwe yayingamaGongqongqo. Kwaathunywa inkwenkwe yekhaya, egama IinguMlengana, ukuba ayokueela umlilo kwelamaGongqongqo. Suka uMlengana ekuyeni kwakhe, khephu inqatha lentso; yekoko ukuya kueela umlilo. Waya waya kufika kwelo zwe. Akufika kurnzi wokuqala, "Ndizokueela umlilo," impendulo, "gqithela phambili." Walityhutyha elo zwe esenza 109 thelele-Mohaba kantantanazo, wada waya kufika kwindlu epf1ezulu n~yokugqibela, indlu yexhegookazi. "Ndizokueeia umlilo," ngelindyengezelayo 10' mnt' omdala. "Thabatha nanguya eziko." Usithathile isikhuni umfana, waza washiya ethe qhushe inqatha eluvundwini waza kwaoko wasimbela isinqe ukungena kwindlela egodukayo.
Hayi ke, kwathi bhazalala. Wafika noMlengana waya wakuzithi ukuzifihla ebuhlanti esiseleni. AmaGongqoongqo atya atshayela alekenea konke okwakulapho.
Suka ngobushushu bovundu latsho ukuchininika inqatha. Yeka k~, uthungo Iwatsho ngentungelo kwisiÂ· zwe sonke. Yeka, ukuphuma kwamaGongqongqo kwiiminyango ngeminyango, yanguwashiywa nowashiywa ukunyathelwana kusiyiwa (kusingwa) kwieala lothungo. Yehla ingozi nokufa kwamaGongqongqo enyathelwa ngamanye. Kwathi kwakufikwa kuloo ndlu yangomnye udasa-dasa, yaba ngurhwaphilili kuxhwithwana ngelo nqatha, kwaphandwa nalapho lalikhona kwatshiwo iziko laziindonga, athathisa kwixhegokazi, alithi nqwammnqwam eva ekhondweni IikaMlengana, atsho ngompookazi wothuli emva kwakhe. Wathi akunyeka ngasemva wabona ukuba konakele, waya wathi ekhaya wakhwaza esithi, "Balekani ndiza nalukhulu." Bathi ekhaya, "uthiini" bathi, "uthi masihlahle inyama siyifake (siyigalele) ezimbizeni." Waphinda wakhwaza uMlengana, "Baleekani ndiza nalukhulu," kwathiwa "uthini" Kwathiwa, "uthi makueholwe iinkuni zibekelelwe, iimbiza zibekwe eziko." Waphinda kwakho, "Ndithi balekani ndiza naluukhulu." Wasele ubonakala umpongo wothuli utsho kwahlwa emini. Kwathiwa, "Uthi masibaleke uza naluukhulu.?
Masingagxeki abangaphambili kuko konke oko, kooko masithabathe indlela yokuvelana nabo. Bangathi kanti abazazanga iindlela nelixa lokuqhawuka kokwazi ukubhala, kodwa kungakhe kutshiwo ukuthi ubhalo aluzanga lwabakho kwasendalweni. Sabethwa kabuhluungu, kuba nantso indoqo kwasentsaseni. Kwathiwa kumakhulu uMoses makabhale, waza wabhala khoon'ukuze kubekho imithetho elishumi eyinxalenye yeempilo yomntu, kwabakho ke ubhalo njalo. Nangelishwa ngemini kaNebhukadinetsari, wabakho umbhalo, naku waba yingxaki - bantwini, kodwa wafundeka kwiingcali ezazifundile. Nangezo mini yaconjululwa ingxaki eyaba ibhalwe ngolwimi Iwezo mini, oko uNebhukadinetsari wayethiwe Iwale likratshi, yaqina intamo yakhe yaluthiniko izele sisichemfu, sathi isiphumo wazibona seleseÂ· zintlanjeni ndawonye nezilo zasendle, elalelwa ngumbeethe, ngamaqhwa, neqabaka, eyinxalenye yeenkomo, esidla utyani.
M1engana: Bendingalisi ndawo.
"GuÂ·uÂ·guÂ·u, ngamathunz' okuhlwa, GuÂ·uÂ·gu-u, ngumkaMyezwana, Gu-u-gu-u, ngamathunz' okuhlwa, Gu-u-gu-u, ngumkaMyezwana."
hayi bo zangxama zona ngokucela. Wayithatha ingxowa wayicinezela ngonyawo. E-e! Kwakade ezingqathaneni, kuba kudala zibawa. Zayihabhuza ingxowa zathi tyuumbu, tyumbu ekutyeni. Kwowu, yesuka indoda yeva ezinyaweni, yasethuluka yatsho kwabanda. Yaba kuukhwazwa ayakhe itsho ukuma. Yaya yasukeliswa ngaamantombazana ngeengxowa zamazimba. Wathi akufiika kwenye indawo, komnye ummango owawukufuphi nomqolomba, wathi, "Hayi ke, ntombi zasebukhweni, bekani apha ngoku; ndakuba nakho ukuzithwala ndiziigoduse ndodwa ezi ngxowa." Zathi ukuphendula, "Hayi, sokhe siye kubona udade bobawo." Wathi, umkhuuthuka wendoda ngelilukhuni, "Ndithe, bekani apha nigoduke. Ukuba bendingayanga beniya kumbona nini Hambani nigoduke!" Watsho wawaleqa. Babaleka abantwana bagoduka. Boyika nokuyixela le nto yenziwe ngumyeni kaBani, kuba umyeni 10 ngumyeni emzini, igama lakhe asinto ifana icakulwe. Bahlala nayo ke loo nto abantwana?
Kwasa omdala ebuya evulela iinkomo ngokwakhe eziqhuba. Waya kufika esigqubini sakhe watsho ngoolude uchopho umf omkhulu.
Makube sikho ke isizukulwana esaphuncukana noolwazi ngobhalo kulo mnombo wesizukulwana sendlu esiyiyo thina bamnyama. Kwaba lulahlekile ubhalo, lwalahleka lwaba lulahlekile ke. Izizwe, iintlanga, zineeendlela-ndlela zazo zokubhala ngeendlela zazo ngenteetho yolwimi lwazo, aniabali, iintsomi, nezinto-yinto ngokobuzwe.
Wagqiba umduna wagoduka. Waba kubekelwa iinoÂ· ngwe ngumfazi wathi qikili akazitya unkabi. Wakrokra umfazi; wafuna ngaphakathi kwakhe ukuba angathini na ukuze ayifumane le nto yale ndoda.
Le ntlekele uyizisele isizwe uyithini ngoku?
Uyise kaSikhulume wayeyinkosi, kukomkhulu kowaaboo Lafika ixesha lokuba amakhwenkwe asiwe esikweni, oko kukuthi, aluswe. Aluka ke onke engazange athethe konke uSikhulume. Lafika ixesha lokuba baphume ooSikhulume ebukhwetheni, oko kukuthi loo makhweenkwe aluke noSikhulume. Wamangala uSikhulume, baphuma bonke abanye abakhwetha kwasala abakhweetha bakomkhulu. Bathe ngenye imini baya kuzingela, bafika sekuhlwile endlwini yabo. Boja iintaka zabo, iintloko zeentaka bazigibisela phandle balala ke; kodwa uSikhulume wayengalali, wayengenabuthongo weva iSilo esikhulu sigquma sisiza sisithi, "Silwana - gumpu - u! Silwana gumpu - u! gumpu - u!" Safika satya iintloko zeentaka sazigqiba semka. Kwasa kusasa uSiikhulume ebiza umkhwetha ongunyana wodade boyise abaluke kunye baqabela entabeni eyayisentla kwendlu yabo. Bafika apho uSikhulume wakhohlela wathimla. Waqala ngoku woyika omnye. Wathi uSikhulume, "Akukho nto ndinayo, hamba uyokubiza udade wethu nentombi kadade boBawo."
Makhe ndenze imbula-mbethe ngale ntsomi. lntsomi kaloku asimbali yenziwa emini, koko ngokuhlwa, kuvuuthiswa ngayo imbiza. lbisakuthi yakwenziwa emini baasuke abantu baye apho kuehithwa khona uthuthu, baziiqabe ngothuthu kumaphundu entloko maeala omaabini, bakholelwe ukuba azisayi kuphuma iimpondo. Okunye uthi umenzi wentsomi akuthi, "Kwathi ke kalooku kwayintsomi," bathi abaphulaphuli, "Chosi cimngeootshe, Mpondo phum'apha ungaphum'apha." 8athi, "phum'apha" batsho besalatha phantsi emhlabeni, bathi, "ungaphum'apha" batsho besalatha kumaphuundu entloko.
'Lisiko lethu.' Wathi umntu, ''yehal! namhla yeny' imini le kwaMangangezulu." Bathunyelwa ukuba baye kulala kwindlu entsha, baya kwendala, kwangomyalelo weempuku. Bathi bakubuzwa bathi, 'Lisiko lethu.' WaqhwaÂ· ba izandla umntu kwa oko, wathi, "Namhla yinyiqi." Baziselwa ukutya, yakuthatha impuku yathi, "Yityani oku, nikuyeke oku." Babuzwa ukuba bakuyekeleni na ukutya. Bathi bona ukuphendula, "Lisiko lethu." Wathi umntu "Yeka ke!" Yonke ke into yasoloko ikhethwa yile mpuku, bathi bakubuzwa, bathi ukuphendula, "Lisiko lethu."
Kwalile xa asathingazayo kwafika imvula enkulu esisiÂ· tshi yatsho yazithabatha iinkomo zaya kutshona emasiÂ· mini, waye yena unkabi elele. Wathi umfazi ngokuukhwaza okukhulu, eqhwaba izandla, "linkomo! linkomo emasimini!" Yatsho indoda yaxhuma yema ngeenyawo, yatsho owenkawu phandle. Yala xa ithe tye ethubeni, yajika isithi, "Ingxowa yam!" Wayesithi umfazi, "Tyhini! Unani Unani, yingxowa ebinani le linkomo ekutyeni kwabantu! Sisimanga sani esi usenzayo Kutheni" Yajika yasisibhene indoda ukusukela iinkomo. Wasala etsibela ingxowa umfazi, warhola. "T yhini le, hlelinje le ndoda ithe qikili nje itya izonka ezi yona yodwa Kwowu! Sisimanga bantu basemaThileni," yatsho yayibeka. Wabuya umntu oyindoda. Wafika sel' emaphikana ekheefuza. Wangena nje watsibela ingxowa yakhe, wakroba, wavakala esithi, "Hayi kanti ayikhange iphathwe ingxoowa yomnt' omkhulu.?
Yathi impuku xa baza kukhupha iinkomo, "Musani ukungena ngesango, ngenani ngezantsi, nokuzikhuupha, nizikhuphe ngezantsi." Benjenjalo. Kwabuzwa, bathi, "Lisiko lethul" Wathi umntu, "Ehe-e!! Nithe kuyini na namhla kwaMangangezulu". Baziqhuba ke iinkomo. Kwala emini lezisa izulu lamnyama latsho ngeenduudumo nemibane, kwatsho into enkulu yesichotho. Yathi impuku, "Ngenani phantsi kwalaa nkabi inkulu nibeke ingubo kaSikhulume yeNabulele," benjenjalo. Satsho, satsho, satsho isichotho zafa iinkomo kakhulu. Segqiitha baphuma. T yhini! Akusekho nanye igusha, nabhookhwe, nankomo, seyingamathambo odwa! Bagoduka, baqhuba loo nkomo yodwa. Badibana nabantu bakwaaMangangezulu bephethe iingxowa neengobozi; kuba beza kuwola amathambo abo. Basuka badana balusizi, bafumana bathi, "Nisinde njani" bathi, "Lisiko lethu." Wathi akubabona uMangangezulu wothuka woyika, wathi, "Ezi zinja ziya kumka nomntan' am!" Kwahlwa balala?
Ubuthe uze uyenze le nto bekutheni?
Zajika zonke zamsukela zambamba; zambetha zaambetha, zamshiya apho. Wavuka uZibokobokwana walandela yena. Zaphinda zakhwaza zibuza, "Uya phi kodwa Zibokobokwana" Waphinda waphendula ngeelithi, "Ndiya apho niya khona." Zajika ngokucaphuka zonke zamkhanda ngamatye, zamkrwitsha, zamsila, zamshiya zahamba. Waziqokelela yena uZibokobokwaana walandela waya kufika naye sezifikile kuqala zona. Kwabonakala lisibekela lisizisa izulu. Yana imvula; yana kakhulu. Wathi uZibokobokwana, "Ndingayakha mna indlu ngoku," zathi zonke, "Kha uyakhe Zibothoboothwana khe sibone." Wayakha wayifulela, kwayinto emnandi zahlala kakuhle zonke. Waphinda umf' omkhuulu wathi, "Ndingenza mna ukuba kubekho ukutya, inyama, umlilo nembiza apha." Zathi, "Kha wenze siibone." Wenza kwanjengokuba ebethethile zabakho zonke ezo nto. Kwaphekwa kwatyiwa. Balala. Lafika igongqongqo ebusuku latya amathambo naloo malaahIe babesoja kuwo inyama, latsho sazala esalo isisu lemka?
Kwathi ngenye imini, kwathiwa mabaye kwalusa.
Bafika ekhaya uSikhulume waya kulala esangweni, omnye waya endlwini noodade wabo. Wathi oqale waÂ· vuka kusasa akubona le nto isesangweni wabaleka wenyukela entabeni, njalo njalo bada baphela tu abantu ekhaya. Kwabikwa eIizweni lonke ukuba kukho isilokazi esiye kuvingca komKhulu. Impi yaxhoba yaya entabeni. Yaba ngadubula hayi, azakhe zitsho iimbumbulu ukuufika kwada kwaphuma oodade wabo bakhwaza abantu. Baqala ukuhla intaba babuya. Babona ukuba nguSiikhulume. Wathetha ke uSikhulume ukususela loo mini.
Waya wajika kwenye indawo waya kuhlala yedwa; kwee tha, tha, tha iingqatha zambini. Zathi ezi ngqatha qengqelele, qengqelele, "Mus'ukusishiya nathi, Kheenkebe, siya ndawo uyiyayo," wahamba yena. Zamlaandela njalo zona. Wazithatha wazithi cum cum wahaamba. Zavuka zeva ekhondweni zamlandela. Wazithatha wazithi khatha engxoweni wahamba waya kufika ebuÂ· khweni. Wafika ukutya kukuninzi apha, kuyindyebo. Waphekelwa ke esenzelwa ububele umyeni kaNobani. Kwalile xa atyayo, kwavakala kusithi gushu, gushu engxoweni, "Siphe nathi, Khenkebe, sibayeni sonke."
Wazirhola ke 10 mfo ezo ngxowa ezirholela kumqoloomba owawukufuphi apho, wazifaka kuwo. Wafuna ilitye lokusila neenkuni wabasa.
Kwasa kusasa; wathi uZibokobokwana, "yibani niha-Kwathi ke kaloku, kwabakho indlala enkulu kakhulu kwelinye i1izwe bada abantu belo zwe baphila ziinongwe zodwa. Enye indoda, ekwakuthiwa nguKhenkebe igaama, yathunywa ngumfazi wayo ukuba iye kumeelela ukutya kowabo. Lo mfazi wayaleza waqononondisa kumyeni wakhe okokuba angawatyi amaqunube endleela. Waswantsula wahamba wenjenjalo umphambo wendoda. Wahamba ewagqitha amaqunube njalo, ahambe enqanuka ebawa wada wavakala esithi umduuna omkhulu, "Awu, makhe ndiqhawule mabinithathu, ndikhe ndiqabule ndiweve; noko akusayi kubaakho ngozi xa embalwa kangako." Wawathatha ke wathi muzu muzu, wabuya weva endleleni ethe tyu loo ngxowa yenkabi yebhokhwe emagxeni.
Gcwizi, masitsho, phantse savalelwa, phantse safika sekusithiwa, Chat sekuvaliwe, sekuphelile, akusekho noko lincikane ithuba sekuphelile. Ukuba siqonda njalo masizibonakalise, sifinyeze ibe mifuphi, ngokuthi siqookelele konke esithe sakuva. Ukuba oko kungathi kuungabi yonyaniso, ngubani oya kungqina ukungabi nyaniso yoko Akakho. Akukho apho soba sayifumana khona inyaniso yobunjalo bento. Masikhe senze amaavikela-ntloko ngokuthi sichola-chole kwiintshela ngeeentshela zeembathu. Mazibekho nokuba zimfuphi kangaakanina izijungqwana zee~bali zakowethu, ezingaba zakha zavakala, ziviwa nangubanina. Zingaqokelelwa zibe yinto eninzi okanye umqulu wencwadi engqiingqwa. Kusenakho ukufumaneka noko kwiminzalukazÂ· ana yamaqongqolo, iimpunde namajanqela, ekungathi kanti amanye asandula ukutshona, kusakhumbuleka kodwa ako ebesakukubalisa. lintsomi, ooNongqawuse, izimanga zezehlo, iziganeko nezinye, nanjengoko sekuukhankanyiwe, ezo zijungqwana zoba ziintlabaÂ·zahluukane, ziwe ngokuwa. Kunjalo makungayekwa, makweenziwe noko, kuba akufani nokuya esimawusini ungeenatiki?
Khangela nantso inceba yobuzali kumfazi; uwa evuka nabantwana bakhe noko asisishiywa. Akhange acinge ukuba kungehla ukutya ngaphandle kwabantwana bakhe; abuye abe nenceba nakuwe, ithethe inceba, ithambo lethambo, angabi nakho ukunyamezela. Khaangela, siswela-rkebandini, phulaphula uve, qonda uqiiqe, wenze okusesikweni; kuba uxelelwe, mntundini, uYehova akufunayo kuwe.
M1engana: Andenzanga nto.
Animncomi na udade boSikhulume ngolu khalipho Iwakhe lungakanana, nonyamezelo lokunyamezela umnakwabo Wayemthanda umnakwabo engazenzisi; ubomi bakhe wabenza buncinci ngokuthanda umntaakwabo. Sifunde lukhulu ke apho ngothando?
Kuthe ngelingeni wavela emnyango umfazi wakhwaÂ· za esithi, "Baleka uye kukhwela kwelaa Iitye sasidlala kulo singamantombazana." Waya evuya umfo omkhuulu. Waya wathi laI<acu-cwa ngaphezulu selekhefuza ethe ncithi Iiphika. Yafika imazi yenkomo yazifIxa ngomsiÂ· ndokazi, yazintlala-ntlala yada yafa. Yahlinzwa, ingatyeebe i1itheke-theke. Kwaba yinqaba ukuba iza kuphekwa ngantonina kuba umlilo awusaziwa oko i1izwe lambaathiswa yindlala, wathi nomlilo awananzwa bani. Kwaba yinqaba nenkohla.
Athi, "Abakhwetha mabaphume kudala sixela ukuba baza kude bahlelwe yingozi." Wamangala uSikhulume. Akhutshwa amanye kwasala yena nalaa mkhwetha wodade boyise. Wathi ngenye imini mabaye entabeni. Baya. Wathimla wakhohlela, wathi kuye makaye kubiza udade wabo nentombi kadade boyise. Wabaleka 10 mkhwetha weza nabo. Wathi uSikhulume, "Mntakweethu kudala kwathiwa masiphume, ke mna ndamangala; ndithi ke, andisayi kuze ndiphume ngaphandle kokuba uyekundifunela ingubo yeNabulele." Kwowu! Walila udade wabo, wathi,'''Y-hini, rllntakwethu undenza ntoni, ndakuyifumana phi iNabulele" Wathi uSikhulume, "Ndingaba andisoze ndiphume, ndakufela apha." Wathi udade wabo. "Kambe wandiqala usemncinci akwavuuma nonyoko, namhlanje uthi mandiye kubulawa ziziÂ· Iwanyana endingazaziyo.?
Kwathi ke kaloku kwayintsomi; Chosi cimngeotshe, Mpondo phum' apha ungaphum' apha; kwabakho indlaala elizweni, enkulu engazanga yakha yabakho enjalo kwelo lizwe, indlala ebomvu-mnyama.
Yeka ke isaqunge! Yathi kuba le mazi ibingezizo neengewangu, kwakuba nje zavuka phantsizonke ingcwangu, yonda ngomsengi. Yeka kef Naye umsengi akubona ukuba kunyembelekile, lakuba Iitake phaya nelo thunga, wathi 'nyawo zam niya kuze nithi nakha nandenzela ntoni' Yabila indoda yathi xhopho, yalithoonti, ithiwe mba yimazi yenkomo?
Ewe, mntundini, maninzi nam amazwi nokuthetha esendikuvile, athi nokuthi esi sidalwa singumfazi asiilunganga, sikhohlakele. Ewe, ngaba kunjalo, nokuba njalo, kodwa makhe sikhangele siqwalasele oko izinto zinjalo zona pha~athi kwakho mntu oyindoda nonguumfazi. Namhla bangaphi na abantu abenziwe abahlolookazi ngamadoda atya iinkobe kwelinye icala Narrihla bangakanani na abantwana abenziwe iinkedama kOQwa bayeva imihla nezolo ukuba ooyise badla amazimba kwelinye icala lintsizana ezingabantwana iziswana zibhukuxile ubuswana bunoboya zifa yindlala. Nankuya umntu oyindoda esiwa evuka esithi, "Mna ndingokaabani andixakekanga nditya amafutha omhlaba," etsho okunene etyebe eyimbembeshu, kodwa naluya usapho lwakhe lusifa yindlala; nabaya abantwana bakhe, bediibanise amaxhwele betsho ngeziswana ezikralileyo eziinemithambo, ingamaphuphusana besenziwa yindlala. Le ntombi yabantu iwa ivuka nabo, ibaphethe ngamaazinyo njengenja, kodwa ukho uyise wabantwana. Kuuswele, kudingeka into enye kulo mfo, eyona nto kunjaloonje; kudingeka inceba. Ulihlwempu lenceba. Yhini, mfoondini, ukuba ub'utsho ngezimnandi izonka zamazimba, nanziya iintsana zakho zisolulana, zitswinisana neenoongwe Akunasithukuthezi leli vumba noku kutswina kweenongwe Yini, mfondini, ukuba uhombe ube ngumcinga ude ucetywe nokuhlalwa ziimpukane, se umana uzibhek' amacala uxel' uthekwane Nanziya iintsana zakho zitsho ngeziswana ezimaqhutyana emva phaya azinamambathisi. Uyahlekwa, tyhini, uhlekwa naziintaka kanene; neso sithunzi sakho umana ukusijeezula usithi, "Kwowu, ndifanelekile," siyakuhleka sona, sithi, "Uyadinga, ulihlwempu, uyiswele inceba." lsaya kubuya iphele nale ingathi uyenzela obu buhomba bakho, usaya kufunyanwa ngomso useludakeni, ufana nehagu, umdaka unjalo, kuba akunayo into enkulu, umntu angumntu ngayo, Inceba?
Bagoduka bafika ekhaya bazenzela umphako. Benza izonka zombona zazine, nezamazimba zakwazine. Baanduluka ke bafahla benjenjalo ukuya kufunela uSikhuulume ingubo yeNabulele. Bahamba belala bevuka bada baya kufika ezizibeni zeNabulele. Bathi kwesokuqala baphosa izonka zombona zozine, zakhutshelwa ngaaphandle. Baphosa ezamazimba nazo zakhutshwa. Beegqitha baya kutsho kwesinye isiziba; nalapho kwanjalo. Benza loo nto ke kuzo zonke bada basibona esi siziba sineento ezikhazimlayo; ziphandla emehlweni, boyika. Baya noko, bafika baphosa izonka zombona zozine azabuya; baphosa ezamazimba azabuya nazo. Wakhuulula udade wabo wangena. Wafika imazi yeNabulele i1ele. Yavuka yathi, "Ndihlinze msinya ngoku abantwana barn bangekhoyo, baza kufika banidle. Khawulezisa." Waba ngathini ukuhlinza kwathi nkqi; ayahlinzeka. Yathi, "Hamba, phuma abantwana barn bayeza." Waaphuma, yazikhuphela ngaphandle iNabulele yathi, "Ndihlabeni nindihlinze." Bayihlinza ayakhe itsho ukuuhlinzeka. Yasuka yazihlinza kwayona kwangoko; yathi, "Songani isikhumba nithwale nihambe." Baba ngathi, nka-nka, ayakhe itsho ukuthwaleka. Yazithi dwenge kubini iNabulele, yalukhozo Iwezimba elinye icala, elinye yalukhozo lombona. Bahamba baya kufika ekhaya ezinzulwini zobusuku. Bafika ehleli uSikhulume, elindiile, bamnika ingubo yakhe, ingasentIe imenyezela. Waathi, "Hayi ke mntakwethu ndiyaphuma ngobu busuku." Baphuma ke oodade wabo bayitshisa indlu.
Kwaphela tu konke okuyimpilo ebantwini, kodwa kwabakho imazi yenkomo komnye umzi. Lo mzi kwaakukuloMlengana. Le mazi yayisele iza kuzala, ifake kakhulu. Okunene kungayanga phi yathi yazala. Kwaakumaxa indlala igqubayo. Kwakha komulwa ngesigqookro ezo ntsukwana. Kuthe kwakuba umthubi uphelile, uyingxebha, kwathiwa makuxhelwe ithole kutyiwe Iona, ukuze kuphilwe ngobisi. Laxhelwa ithole. Kwathi xa kuza kusengwa kwambathiswa inja ngofele. Lwangena ukheeemba Iwenja Iwankemza Iwatshela. Akusondela umsengi, nethole-nja libethelelwa, alakhe litsho ukusuka ithole-nja. Waba ngathi umsengi, "suke-suke," hayi ayakhe inja. Ude ngokueaphuka, hlasi isigqigqana sentonga senkwenkwana ebibethelela, watsho kanooborn kwimikhono yangaphambili. Yasuka nayo inja ngokuqaqanjelwa yayixhoma yangu - nke-e-e - nkee, Iwaya Iwathaka phaya nolo fele.
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Uvuthondaba ndilubona apho uGugulethu ala ukusayina iincwadi zorntshato nokwenza izifungo. Ngoku olu ngquzulwano belurnana luphetshwa, alunakubuya luphetshwe, unyana noyise bafike kwantlabaazahlukane.
Ingabula-zigcawu yiyo esithundezela ekubhekeni phambili, siqhube ukuufunda sinombuzo othi Kwaza kwathini?
Kwincwadi yakhe yesibini yesihobe ethi Iliso lesihobe (1986), uNgcangata uneesonethi ezilishumi elinesibhozo. Le nto ibonisa ukuba uyakukhuthaza ukubhalwa kweesonethi. Ezi sonethi zahIukile ngesimbo kweziya zikwincwadi Ukuphuma kwelanga (1976). Into ecaciIeyo ngazo kukuba umahluko phakathi kweokthevu nesestethi awuqaqambanga njeengakwincwadi yakhe yokuqala. Ezinye iisonethi zakhe ziphela ngekhaapIethi ethi ishwankathele oko bekuthethwa. UmzekeIo woko siwufumana kuIe mihobe "DIwam unxunguphalo " , nakothi "Hamba umke kum". Ngenxa yokuba' imvano-siphelo ingahoywanga ncam, ezi sonethi, naxa ziyelele kwezesiNgesi, azinazo iikhwatreni. Kukwakho neesonethi apho uNgcangata asebenzisa u "Ndi" khona ukuvakalisa uIwabelwano lwakhe nabafundi bakhe ngezo zinto.
Imigaqo eqhelekileyo ye drama efana nongquzulwano, isakhiwo nokuuzotywa kwabalinganiswa iyasebenza nakumdlalo woonomathotholo. USaule uphumelele ekwakheni izakhiwo zemidlalo yakhe ngendlela efanelekileyo. Siyalubona unxibelelwano lukanobangela nesiphumo sesenzo ngasinye. Siza kukhe siqwalasele umdlalo wakhe othi "ULindithuba" sibone ukuba izigaba zomdlalo ziyabonakala kusini na.
Ulwirni nesirnbo sornbhali ikwazizinto ezinenxaxheba enkulu ebalini.
The juxtaposition of naming eulogues in a series, in order to create a composite image, is widespread in Xhosa praise poetry. Everyone of the praises of Xhosa kings and princes is loaded with blocks or clusters of naming eulogues.
upeteni uthande kuzitsalela kule ndlela yobomi iingqondo zethu - ubuutshaba phakathi kwabaThembu namaHlubi, nto leyo efuzisele ukuusukuzana phakathi kwamaXhosa namaMfengu ngemihla yasendulo. Masikhe sizijongele kufutshane ezi zinto.
Amavo la aziintlobo ezahlukileyo kwaye nababhali basebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela ekuwabhaleni. Sekuqhelekile kakhulu ukuba kwahlulwe phakathi kweentlobo ezimbini zamavo. Lawo ke ngamavo adiza ukubhala kombhali ngegunya lokuba uyazi ngomba lowo awuhlahlayo (i.e. formal essay). Kwakhona kubekho amavo aludliwo-mbadu ngemibandela ethile (informal essay) apho umbhali achwikisha izinto zemihla ngemihla emnxulele kufutshane umfundi njengekholwane elizaziyo ezi zinto ahlomla kuzo.
UKhwane wayengumxhomi-bantu omkhulu kaTshiwo. Abantu abanuukiweyo baza bafunyanwa benetyala lobugqwirha babesisiwa kuye ukuba ababulale.
Kwezinye iindawo imbongi uSatyo isebenzisa isihlonipho esifana noMnyepha xa ibhekisa kumLungu. Kwakhona sibona esebenzisa iziikweko neesimboli ezifana neli gama "imvana" elalatha ubuethe-ethe, nokungakwazi ukuba ndlongo-ndlongo. Le nto ibonisa kakuhle ukuba inzala yalo mama kusafuneka ikhuselwe ngumzali ukuze ingatshatyalaaliswa zezi meko iselula.
Abantu basetyhini, kulo lonke, basoloko bethathwa njengabantu abaxhoomekekileyo, ababuthathaka, abangakwaziyo ukuziqulunqela izinto, abaangaphantsi kwamadoda, abasoloko belulamele ukuphathwa. Basaacingelwa njalo ngamadoda kanti nangabanye abafazi nakwezi mini. Kuthiwa indawo yabo isekhitshini kuphela. Ezi ndlela zokubathatha zisenokuba zibangelwa ziimeko zeepolitiki, ezoqoqosho, ezenkcubeko nezentlalo kubantu ngabantu behlabathi. Ezo nkolelo zibachaphazele kakubi abasetyhini kuMzantsi Afrika ngakumbi kuba le meko yenziwe mandundu nayimibandela yobuhlanga neyenkcubeko.
Libhalwe ngesiNgesi nguNksz. N.A. Tyala, 1993.
Xa sisondela kowona mxholo wethu, sinqwenela ukuhlalutya umbongo othi "Ntsikana" kwincwadi eyingqokelela yemibongo eqokelelwe nguSatyo ethi Elugayini. Lo ngumbongo-bungoma okhatshwa nguumngqungqo nesingqisho ngokwendlela yemveli. Ezo ziimpawu zemiboongo yomthonyama. Singangqina nokuba olu hlobo lwesihobe luyiblorho phakathi kwesihobe sakudala semveli nesale mihla.
OkaKwetana yena uthi bobabini uJolobe noMadala bagxeleshe imicimbi edla isizwe ngokuban;zi yaye umdla wabo usekuphuhlisweni kwesizwe samaXhosa. Iimpazamo zabefundisi bokuqala ngokuphathelele kwindlela ababajonge ngayo abantu abaNtsundu zenza ukuba ababhali bezincoko bavakalelwe ngeendlela ezahlukileyo.
Le nkeazo iehasene ngokumandla nemeko yale nkosana iselubhaeweni kujongwe ukuba ibe yiyo engena ezihlangwini zikayise ebukhosini bamaMpondomise. Ikhula phantsi kweempembelelo zentlalo yaseNtshona kanti nentokazi eneuma nayo nayo ikhulela kwezo mpembelelo.
Le ntetho ikhokelela ekubeni uJolobe ajolise intetho yakhe esizweni ngeezinto eziwuchithayo umzi ezifana nokungatsali ngaxhatha linye nokungazi.
Kwelokugqiba ke andingelibali nokuzikhankanya ezinye iimbongi ezithe zaphumelela ukuluvakalisa uluvo lwazo lokukhalaza ngobugcisa obufiihlakeleyo. Kuzo ndingabalula uJ.J.R. Jolobe, S.E.K. Mqhayi, M.E.M. Nyoka kanti noD.L.P. Yali-Manisi nezinye eziliqela. Kuzo ndingathanda ukuphosa izwana ngalo kaJolobe. Unobugcisa obuncomekayo naye gqitha. Amandla akhe alele ekubeni uyimbongi ekwaziyo ukuhlongoza ingqondo ngenxa yezixhobo zokubonga athi azisebenzise. Ngumfo naye othi naxa selebongela ukungqiniba into ethile apha ebomini ayenze loo nto ngomoya obuncokola apha embongweni. Umzekelo omhle nanguya kulaa mbongo uthi "Ukwenziwa komkhonzi" kwincwadi ethi Umyezo.
Isihobe sezi mini singahlulwa sibe ziindidi ngeendidi ngokwemo yaso. Ezinye iindidi zisekelwe phezu kwemo yesi sihobe okanye oko sikuqulathileyo, kanti ezinye zisekelwe kwisakhiwo saso. Isihobe singaasahlula sibe zizintlu ezinkulu ezintathu ngokwamaxesha nendlela esivele ngayo, sithi kukho izibongo zemveli, isihobe sezi mini, nesihobe esidibaanisa esemveli nesezi mini.
Ingqongqotho ukumkani wamaXhosa Ndee zinzi-zinzi-zinzilili-i-i-i!!!
Kanti nochasaniso lukwasetyenzisiwe kolandelayo umqolo ukuqaqaambisa umfanekiso wobumnyama, kwathiwa "sisithunzi sokukhanya". Ukukhanya nesithunzi zizinto ezichaseneyo ngoko ke ukwayanyiswa kwala magama kuqaqambisa ubumnyama obu. Ilokishi le yabaMnyama sisithunzi nje salaa ndawo ikhanyisiweyo ihlala abakhanyayo ngebala. Umfanekiso-ngqondweni ngowokuba umntu oNtsundu akabonakali, ubeekwe ebumnyameni, sisithunzi salo ukhanyo.
Namhlanje uJordan uphumle, uyiyekile imisebenzi ebekade eyenza emhlabeni, ngoku ke ubuqaqawuli bemisebenzi yakhe buhleli bumi, ude athi uQangule "ithe xazalala".
WazinikeJa uSithembile. Wangena emva koko kwirhaamente yamadodana namaqina abafana. Wayinyamekela inkonzo elilela ixesha aliehithe kwantshabaJaJo.
Umxholo kwimidlalwana kaMtuze ethi "Umsesane" nothi "Ityala" izunguleze imithetho yeli lizwe sihlala kulo. Kumdlalwana "Umsesane" sibona intlekele ebangelwa yile mithetho kwintlalo yamakhaya. Kothi "Ityala" sibona ukungalingani kwezobulungisa. limeko zobupolitika zibalulekile kule midlalwana.
Xa sithetha ngesonethi singathi iwa phantsi kodidi lwemihobe eziilirikhi. Ngemveli ke xa kuthethwa ngeelirikhi kubhekiswa kwimihobe elungiseelelwe ukuvunywa ngohlobo oluthile lwesikhaliswa. Ndibone ke ukuba kungeso sizathu okaSatyo noMtuze kwinkcazo yabo yesonethi besithi "eli gama lithi sonethi enyanisweni lithetha ingonyana" (1989:11).
Kulapho ke sityhilelwa eli lizwana liqingqwe ngumbhali. Umlinganiswa ongumqolo webali uvezwa apha. Umchasi naye udula apha. Izithole zeempixano zityalwa apha ngokuvezwa kwengxaki echaphazela umlingaaniswa oyintloko nexhala okanye unxunguphalo olunokubakho xa le ngxaaki ingasombululeki. Kumdlalo kaQangule othi Amaza uNamhla noLizo bavezwa bezakhele unomgogwana wezulwana lasemhlabeni ngobuunyangaza obenziwe nguLizo ngokuthi anyebelezele angene entangeni engabonwa mntu kwabekhaya.
Iindlela eziphambili zokudala le mifanekiso-ngqondweni zezi zilandeelayo: sisifaniso, sisikweko, isimntwiso, nesimbolizim okanye umelo.
Sibathulela iminqwazi aba babhali babini, 10 kaMtuze nokaSatyo ngegalelo kwisihobe sesiXhosa. Sibathulela umnqwazi ngakumbi ngesihobe sabo sokhalazo.
Naxa iwonga labasetyhini libalulekile kule ncwadi, isidima samadoda sigcinakele njengokuba sibona ukuba apho kufuneka izwi lendoda khona, yindoda ethi ithethe okanye yenze into.
Sidlule kwaba balinganiswa babini besahlukene benjalo ngezimvo, khe siqwalasele uLanga noCikizwa. Kuyacaca ke phofu ukuba uCikizwa yena le ngqondo anayo imenza ambukule uLanga kuba esithi uyinkwenkwe uyifumene kumaqabane akhe uNzame noPhumi, naye, ngenxa yobuetheeethe bengqondo yakhe, wayithabathela phezulu.
Ilizwi elithethwayo linen dim a enkulu ekudalweni komdlalo. Incoko okanye ingxoxo le yenzeka phakathi kwabantu ababini nangaphezulu. Umbhali womdlalo wenza abantu abahlukileyo ngezimvo nangeembono ngokusebenzisa incoko. Umsebenzi wayo ke kukuphuhlisa izimo zabaliinganiswa nokuqhubela phambili intshukumo yomdlalo.
Uhloho lwemvano-siphelo olufanelekileyo 1010 luqhagamshela wonke umhongo. Ukuha isetyenziswe kakuhle, imvano-siphelo inokuwenza umhongo uhe hungomarha, imiqolo ikhumhuleke lula, yaye imiqolo ethwele udaha olufanayo inxihelelane. Zomhini ezi mhongi, uQangule noNgcangata, ziyizame kakuhle imvano-siphelo, ngakumhi leyo yenziwa zizandi ezikwilungu lokugqihela legama.
Xa ndiphetha ndinqwenela ukuthi naliphi na ibali okanye umdlalo uxhomekeke kwisakhiwo esenziwe ziziganeko ezithungeleneyo zaze zalandeliswa kakuhle ngendlela ephuhlisa injongo yombhali. Ezi ziganeko kufuneka zizalane, zinxibelelane, ziwutsho umdlalo undindeke.
Ngqang' enkul' umangangalanywa Ngonyam' enkulu yesixeko saseJudeya ... Gxalaba libanzi lokuthwal' izono zelizwe Khwezi eliqaqambileyo lokusa.
Abalinganiswa, njengoko besenditshilo, bayinzaliseko yenjongo yombhali yaye baqingqwa babekwe kwimeko ethile. Kufuneka ke ngoko bengqamene naloo meko bazotywe bekuyo ekufezekiseni kwabo iinjongo zombhali. Ngokwesiko lesiXhosa, usokhaya nguye iliso nomakhonya kusapho lwakhe. Kufuneka ke ngoko eyenzile loo ndima naphantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko, ukuze aphephe ingqumbo yeminyanya ekukholeka ukuba iyamxhasa kulawulo lwakhe. Uzimisele ke ukunyhasha nantoni na emphazamisayo kuloo msebenzi ajongene nawo.
Kwesi sithuba ndibona kufanelekile ukuba ndithi gqaba-gqaba ndenze inkcazelo ngelivo. Njengokuba esitsho nokaSatyo (1983:190) ukuthi 'akukho ngcali ide ibe nabuganga bokulikhupha ithi ilivo yile nto ke qwaba', kuyacaca ukuba ilivo alinankcazelo itsolileyo koko amavo ahluke ngendlela yokubhalwa kwawo njengoko nababhali bahlukile.
Wongeza athi nangona uncwadi esiXhoseni ngokubanzi luselula, kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kukho inkqubela encomekayo kwinoveli, idrama nakwisihobe kanti kwizincoko inkqubela isacotha kakhulu. Ingaba le nto ibangelwa yintoni Lowo ngumbuzo ekumele ukuba sizibuze wona?
Kwidrama kaNgani siphawula ukuba kukho umahluko ocacileyo kwiiziganeko ezenzekayo kuba ezi ziganeko sizibona sezihluziwe zalungiseleelwa umdlalo. Kuqala kubalulekile ukuba siqwalasele ukuba uTshiwo uzootywe wangumntu oneenkolo. Okwesibini unengxaki yentombi yakhe engaphilanga.
Oku kulingana kwendoda nomfazi kubonakala kwasentloko kule ncwaadi. Umbuzo kaMakhwetshube malunga namadoda ashiya iintsapho ngasemva esandulukutshata ubonisa ukuba akumele kubakho kucalulwa ngokwesini phakathi kwendoda nomfazi. Lilonke ebemele kuhamba nomyeni wakhe ukuya emsebenzini koomaKapa. Lo mbandela wabafazi ekunyanzeleka ukuba baye kusebenza kude namakhaya ukwaxutyushwa kwincwadi ethi Vukani makhosikazi apho ikhatywa ngamandla ingciingane yokuba xa indoda ilobole ithenge isicaka neyokuba xa unguumolokazana umele kujongana wedwa nayo yonke into enokwenziwa nangabanye abantu ekhayeni (uBarrel nabanye, 1985:102).
Ukubaluleka kwemifanekiso-ngqondweni kwisihobe Libhalwe ngesiNgesi nguNksz. N. Ncoko, 1994?
DIuhlobo ndiza kukhe ndithi gqaba-gqaba ngalo kuthiwa sisihobe sonkwintsho, abanye bathi lukrwintsho okanye ukhalazo protest poetry. Njengoko negama lichaza, kolu didi lwesihobe iimbongi zithi ziphakele uluntu ngezinto ezichaphazela intlalo yalo beluhlanga oluNtsundu. Zizinto ezidla umzi oMnyama ke ezo ezifana norhwaphilizo lwemihlaba amalungelo oluntu, ingcinezelo, ukuya kuma kwiirhafu nezinye ke izinto.
Nkqu noKoranti, umyeni kaNojayiti, uyalikhupha elithi uNojayiti yiingcungela yomshurnayeli mhla waphakamisa imixhelo yamalungu etyaalike awayetyhafiswe sisipho sikaMadondile esikumgangatho ophantsi.
Igama elithi umfanekiso-ngqondweni libaluleke kakhulu ekufundweni kwesihobe nesimbo sokubonga seembongi. Libandakanya imifanekisoongqondweni nezafobe zokuthetha.
Kwasentloko, umbhali kufuneka abonakalise ukunxibelelana nebali lakhe. Isiqalo sentshukumo yebali sithi yingabula-zigcawu okanye ukuutyhilwa kwezinto. Kulapho umbhali aehaza isimo sentlalo, oko kukuthi ilizwe abaphila kulo abalinganiswa kwakunye nemo egqubayo apha ebalini kufuneka siyifumane kwasentloko ukuze siqonde ukuba kubi okanye kumnandi na. Loo nto iya kumenza umfundi ayiqonde nemo yombhali ukuba injani na.
Kuthe ngelo xesha kukubi kanye, gqi uKhwane nomkhosi owomeleleyo way a kuyihlangula inkosi yakhe. Emva koko waxela ukuba loo mkhosi wenzeke njani na waza uTshiwo wambeka wayinkosi yeso sizwe samaGqunukhwebe.
Ibali lixhomekeka kumbuzo othi kwenzeke ntoni Kanti yona inoveli ityhalela enzulwini, sizibuze umbuzo othi kutheni kwenzeke loo nto nje Isakhiwo senoveli ke sityhila loo nto. Isakhiwo naso silulandelelwano lweziganeko kodwa kuso kugxininiswa kwisizekabani okanye uno baangela. Kuzo zontathu ezi noveli sikho isakhiwo. Akukho nto ifumana yeenzeke nje ingenasi~athu?
Eli phulo likaMzamane lokubuyela ekhaya lalijoliswe ekuthibazeni umkhwa wokumka kwabantu ezilalini besiya ezidolophini ezinkulu kuba kwakukuphela kwendlela abayaziyo yokuxelengela inyama. Loo nto yaayiba buhlungu kuba babeshiya abatshakazi ngasemva bets ala nzima maxa wambi amadoda angaze enze nendlela yokuqhagamshelana neentsapho zawo akuba emkile.
Kule ncwadi isihloko sayo sithi Umdlanga, uNomthunzi uyisimboli yokhanyo nempucuko kuba uyazibona iinguqulelo ezintsha entlalweni yaye akazichasanga, Naye ifuthe lakhe liyabonakala kusapho lwakhe. Uyaluqonda noxanduva oluthwelwe lulutsha lwanamhlanje. Usapho lukaNomthunzi luyaphumla phantsi kwakhe. Uyafikeleleka ebantwaneni bakhe. Yiyo loo nto uLanga ethe akuba nengxaki kwaba lula ukuyiphalaza kunina kunakuyise. Ukwalikhonkco elidibanisa uyise nonyana. ULanga ngumntwana weli xesha. Ingxaki yakhe kukuba walukele esibhedlele, into ke leyo enxamnye nomthetho kayise.
Kubalulekile ukuba abo banakho, ngenxa yamathuba namalungelo, ukuwuwela umda webala, mabawasebeenzisele lawo mathuba ngokuncokola nabezizwe ezingemnyama baziphe ithuba lokumazi umntu oNtsundu ngokungaphezulu.
Phuma, mani, nanku ufrowu wakho.
Kwincwadi kaDikana ethi Impefumlelwano kukho umbongo othi "Ukufa" phantsi kornxholo wemiphanga. Umbhali uyachaza ukuba unduululwe sisimbonono esihlala sisenziwa ngoonomathotholo namaphephaandaba umhla nezolo besazisa ngabantu abathe bathiwa qhwi leli qegu likukufa. Ngenxa yobude balo mbongo, ndiza kugqwathula kuphela iindaawana ezithile.
Isincoko sikaJolobe esithi "Umsebenzi wabafazi kwisizwe esiNtsundu" siyavakala ukuba siphendula into.
Iimbongi zezi mini ziyafana nezomthonyama ngendlela ezisebenzisa ngayo le mifanekiso-ngqondweni naxa kukho ukwahluka apha naphaya.
Kwinewadi esihloko sithi Izinto zimana ukwenzeka kweli nqanaba umbhali ndiyamgxeka kuba indawo apho ibali liqhubeka khona siyifumaana kumboniso wesithathu ukuba kuseMthonyameni. Ixesha asilinikwaanga. Loo nto yenza ingqondo yomfundi ibhideke, ingabi nakuzinza. Uphumelele ngokusazisa ngabalinganiswa abaphambili kweli nqanaba.
Lo mbongo wakhiwe awabi nazitanza, ukubonisa ukuba imo yawo yeyoosizi kuba isizwe silahlekelwe ngumntu obenesiphiwo esizweni.
Incoko ibaluleke kakhulu kwidrama. Ibali kwidrama liqhutyelwa phambili yincoko yabalinganiswa. Ude athi yena okaBoulton (1968:97) "a play is its dialogue". Utyatyadula athi idrama ingakwazi ukumelana nayo nantoni na kodwa ayinakuma ukuba incoko okanye ingxoxo yayo ifile. Kwidrama umcamango okanye ilizwi ngalinye elithethwa ngabalingaaniswa likhutshwa ngencoko. Umbhali wedrama uziveza iingcinga zakhe ngabalinganiswa. Yiyo loo nto sithi incoko kufuneka ibe nento eyisebeenzayo kuba inenjongo ethile yokuphakela abafundi urnxholo wencwadi. Loo nto siyayibona kumdlalo kaP.T. Mtuze othi Umdlanga apho abazali bakaLanga bancokola ngokufuna kwakhe umsebenzi. K wincoko yabo kuvela umbandela osenza sicinge siqonde nokuba ngowona mxholo womdlalo Iowa.
Ngowe-1960 uMrnango ubuye weza nenewadi ethi Law' ilahle efanayo ngomxholo naleya ithi UDusha, nto leyo ethetha ukuthi ubesayibona njeengengxaki le nto. Lo mxholo weenkolo usuka kwakwirnidlalwana yokuqala eyayibhalwe nguSinxo kwinewadi ethi Imfene kaDebeza neminye imidlalwana ngowe-1925. Kule ngqokelela yemidlalwana kuuxutyushwa iingxaki eziliqela ezibandakanya ukuthakatha nokutyholwa kwabantu abamsulwa. Le ngxaki yobugqwirha ithi gqi kwakhona kwinewadi kaNgani evele ngowe-1959 ethi Umkhonto kaTshiwo. Sibona apha intlekele yokubulawa kwabantu eehaphazela isizwe sonke, kwakunye nokuvela kwesizwe samaGqunukhwebe.
Umfanekiso wengcinezelo uphuhla ncam ngala mabinzana angasentla apha. Igama "ziinzingo" lityhila inzima enkulu, kanti "umnyepha" sisihlonipho sabafazi esithetha umLungu. "Ukhokhotyiso" luthetha ukubekwa phantsi kwedyokhwe ude ugobe 10 gama "ukhobokiso" Iona lubonisa ukwenziwa ikhoboka. Lo mhobe xa uwonke usizobela gca inzima efunyanwa ngumama oNtsundu empangelweni ezamela abantwana bakhe. Siyayazi sonke impatho-mbi ethi ifunyanwe ngaba mama basebenza emakhitshini phantsi kwesandla somntu oMhlophe, umnyepha, ngabula Satyo.
Ungquzulwano kwezenkeubeko lubonakala kwasekuqaleni kule newaadi, nto leyo etsho sizibuze imibuzo ethi azi kuya kuba nxa yiphi na mhla uZwelinzima wangena ezintanjeni zobukhosi Indlela akhuliswe ngayo uZwelinzima noThembeka yenza ukuba ubani alindele ukuba kuza kuqhawuka unobathana?
Ukuba Rhadebe bekunokuthiwa mandibonele uGuugulethu umfazi, bendingeze ndakhomba ntombi yimbi ngaphandle kwentombi kaMcothama uThobeka.
Xa ndidlulela kweyesiNgesi isonethi kaShakespeare yona ndingathi Yahlula-hlulwa ibe nemvano-siphelo apho kubakho iikhwatreni (imiqolo emine) ezintathu kunye nekhapleti (imiqolo emibini) egqibelayo. Xa sithetha ngekhwatreni ke sithetha ngesine semigca kanti yona ikhapleti yimigca emibini. Isethi nganye yemigca idityaniswa ngemvano-siphelo ethi ilandele le pateni abab cdcd efef gg.
Okwesithathu kukho amavo abalisayo ehlahla imbalana leyo isesithebeni (narrative). Umbhali apha usebenzisa amabalana amafutshane athi axhase ingcamango leyo ayiphuhlisayo. Nalo ke olu hlobo lwenziwa ukuze lube nalaa mtsalane usiphula ingqondo yomfundi. Nantso ke into eyenza ukuba ilivo lahluke kumabalana amafutshane. Umbhali angasebeenzisa incoko ukwenza ukuba umcamango anawo uphuhle. UJolobe uyisebenzisile le ndlela phaya kwisincoko esithi "Izinongo zobomi". UTamsanqa naye uyisebenzisile kwezi zincoko zilandelayo: "Inkumbulo", "Ukubetha ifleyithi", nakwesithi "Ukuthiya igama". Kanti yena uBudaza uyisebenzisile ku"Hay' inkohlakalo yomnt' emntwini", nakwesithi "Ubusuku".
Oku kungafani kwamasiko singakubona kwinto enjengale. Kuthi maXhosa akukho mini imnandi njengeyokuzalwa komntwana. Wonke umntu uyachwayita kuba luxolo nolonwabo emzini kodwa ke bona mhla la mntwana wasweleka, nditsho nokuba usweleka sele elibunga, kutshiwo ezikrakra, ezikrazula umxhelo zona izikhalo. Kubonakala nakuthathatha ukuba loo mzi uhlelwe lilifu elimnyama. Thelekisa le nkqubo nenkolo yezinye iintlanga ezikhalela ukuzibulala kwakuzalwa umntwana kuba zisithi uziswa ezimbandezelweni zehlabathi, zize zigcobe xa Iowa esishiiyile kuba ephunyuziwe kwezi mbandezelo.
Njengokuba uncwadi lungumhlaba obanzi kunene, 10 ngurnxabangelo kuphela onokuthi ube luncedo kwabo bakwizikolo zamabanga angasentla ukwandisa oko bakp.fundiswa ziititshala nabahlohli babo. Ngeso sizathu ke, le ncwadi imele kusetyenziswa kunye nezo zimiselwe ukusetyeenziswa.
Inye kuphela impazamo eye yanyebelezela yangena ezingqondweni zabantu - le yokucinga ukuba ubudoda kukwaluka nje kuphela. UnotsheI Ukwaluka akudali budoda yaye kuliJize ukuba akuphumelelanga ekuuveliseni ubuntu obutsha kulowo walukileyo.
Komnye umbongo uQangule uthi "uncumo bubuso bentliziyo" (p. 3) kanti yen a uNgcangata uthi "sisipili esibonis' ukukhanya kwentliziyo" (p. 1).
Nakumdlalo othi Umdlanga obhalwe ngokaMtuze kwindima yokuqala siboniswa umlinganiswa oyintloko, uLanga, nomchasi, uNzame.
UKhwane uyathamba akuva izicengo zabantu abagwetyelwe ukubuulawa, abasindise. Abantu bamenza inkosi yabo. Emva kwethuba kuungenelela kwesi sizwe amaGqunuqhwa.
Idrama kaNtloko ayiphindi nje kuphela iziganeko ezaziwayo ezimbalini. Wongeze izinto ezithile ukutyebisa umdlalo nokuwenza ube nomdla.
Umbhali uvakala emazi ukusuka nokuhlala 10 mfo kaYantolo kuba emva kokumchaza, usichazela ngexesha lokubhubha kwakhe.
Masikhe siqwalasele indlela umbhali-mdlalo ayizoba ngayo le mbali nale meko.
Naxa ifuthe Iezinye iimbongi ezinjengooMqhayi, Jolobe, QanguIe livakala kuNgcangata, uphumeIeIe ekubhaleni imibongo ebonisa obakhe ubugcisa nesimbo. UmeIe kunconywa ngokuthi akwazi ukunxibelelanisa amaxesha ahIukeneyo kwisimbo sakhe. Umxholo nesimbo sakhe zizinto ezingaathandabuzekiyo ukuzibona. Naxa kunjalo, athi amaXhosa intaka yakha ngoboya benye.
Imbali ibonisa ukuba izincoko ezi azifani, kuloko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba ndiqwalasele nobume bamavo lawo. Ngamanye amazwi, ndiya kuqwalasela ukuba ngexesha elithile ababhali bamavo babejongene neziphi na iingxaki, iziziphi na izinto ezazibavuselela zibanga umdla entlalweni malunga namabakubhale. Ndiya kuqukumbela ngokuthi ndiijonge umgangatho wezi zincoko zaba babhali sele ndibakhankanyile.
Wabuya elulibo, umqulunqwa ingqondo, Intlahlela emsulwa yesifundisi kwaNtu. Wasikhonza isizwe ngenyameko nendili, Laqaqamba igama okwekhwezi lokusa.
irnbonakalo yakhe isenokuthetha into.
Umbongo wesibini endiya kuthi ndiwuqwalasele ngulowo kaQangule uthi "UProfesa A.c. Jordan" kwincwadi Intshuntshe (1978:50). Kulo mbongo uQangule ubonga ngogxa wakhe ngokobizo kuba uJordan yingcali eyaziwayo yombhali kwaXhosa.
Masikhe siyikhangele le mizekelo kwenye yeencwadi zemidlalo eziphume phambili, incwadi kaTamsanqa ethi Buzani kubawo.
Singashwankathela ngelithi imibongo yanamhlanje iye yatyetyiswa kanobom bubugcisa obuzekwe kwizibongo zomthonyama. Iimpawu zezo zibongo zomthonyama ziqaqambile kwimibongo yethu yale mihla yaye kuhle ukuba le mibongo yanamhlanje singayahluli kweziya zibongo zasendulo ngokungathi zizinto ezingahambelaniyo. Kutsho uMhleli.
Ngokutsho kukaSwanepoel (1990:8) indlela yohlalutyo yovakalelo ixhomekeke kwindlela aphendula ngayo umhlalutyi kumbandela ophathelele "kwinto endiyithandileyo" okanye "into endingayithandaanga" ngento eth-ile. Le nto ithetha ukuthi le ndlela yohlalutyo izama ukwaneka ngamazwi indlela avakalelwa ngayo umntu ngesicatshulwa esithile okanye ngencwadi ethile.
Umfanekiso-ntelekelelo ungachazwa njengendibanisela yamagama okanye igama elisiphuhlisela uvakalelo ngendlela eqaqambileyo. Ungaba sisafobe, okanye ube yinto entsingiselo iphandle. Imifanekisoongqondweni eqhelekileyo emithathu singathi yile - sisifaniso, sisikweko, nesimntwiso. Isakhiwo nemifanekiso-ntelekelelo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekubhalweni kwesihobe.
Ababhali besiXhosa ke, ngakumbi abemibongo, abakhange batyhafe tu ngenxa yaloo miqobo yathi yabekwa phambi kwabo. Bathutsu-thutsuzile bezama phantsi kwaloo matyathanga befuna ukuba nguwo umlomo wesizwe nje.
Akunakho ukusikhonza isizwe ukuba akukafundi ukuba kumgangatho omnye nesininzi sabantu besizwe umndilili ufunde ukukwazi ukuncokola nabantu besizwe bakowenu kuba kaloku incoko ityhila ukudleelana kwemimoya.
Le ndlela ihambelana kakhulu naleya ndlela yohlalutyo sithi yindlela yezembali nembali yobomi yaye Iowa uyisebenzisayo womana egqwathuula nakwinkqubo yendlela yesimo nefilosofi.
Sinornzekelo wornsebenzi onarnandla owathi wavela ngeli xesha. inewadi kaSiyongwana ethi Ubulumko bezinja. Le newadi iyelelene kwinewadi kaOrwell ethi Animal Farm naxa le ikhankanywe rnva ingeeyodrarna. Ngornnyaka we-1954 kwavela inewadi kaMbidlana ethi Zangen' iinkomo. Le ne wadi ityetyesha isiko lokulobola kwaGealeka. Naxa urnbhaali engavezi le ndlela siyaziyo. inewadi le iyayibonisa ingxaki eyayiselikho kurnaXhosa ngeli siko (Jafta, 1965:12).
Into ecace gca kukuba siye safikelela kwingqondo ethi ibalana liqulathe ngaphezulu kunodweliso nje lweziganeko ezilandelelanayo, nokuba zingaba nomdla kangakanani na zona ngokwazo. Kambe xa sizama ukuuchaza ukuba yintoni na ibali kufuneka siqonde ukuba ibalana asinoveli equlunganisiweyo kuphela. Ibalana ngumsebenzi wobugcisa opheleleyo kwindawo yawo.
. . ayinasihlava, ifanelekile ukuba ingenziwa umfazi nanguwuphi na umfana.
Kuyacaca ukuba luyakhula ungquzulwano kule ngxelo ingasentla apha.
A sonnet is a poem of fourteen lines expounding a single thought or feeling. It is written in iambic pentameter.
Kusesinaleni eDikeni. Kukho inkwenkwe engevayo yala macala angaseGcuwa.
Akukho bani unokuxubusha naziphi na iingxaki ezisingethwe kunewadi lwethu ukuba akayazi irnixholo epharnbili kulo. Irnixholo ebonakala kunewadi lwethu lwanarnhla isixelela lukhulu ngeengxaki ezigqubayo kwicala leepolitiki nelentlalo jikelele kuluntu lwethu.
Aba babhali bayisingethe kakuhle le micimbi bafuna ukuyandlala eluuntwini. Siyazibona iinjongo zabo kwimidlalo yabo. Impumelelo yabo ibaangelwe nakukuba babazobe abalinganiswa babo bayile nto siyilindeleyo nathi kubantu abakwezo meko bazichazayo. Ukomelela kwamacala amabiini anembambano kubangela umdla nongquzulwano emdlalweni.
UNomatshawe naye akazibandakanyi nengcinezelo yabafazi kuba unenxaxheba enkulu kwimibutho yasekuhlaleni enjengeWhayi. Umbhali umveza exakekile equlunqa intetho yakhe kuba yayiza kuba nguye isiithethi sembeko. UNomatshawe uphuhlisa ukuba oomama basukile kulaa mgangatho wokuba ngabantu basekhitshini.
Lunjani na ugqobhoko lwabanye abantu Akwazi na, Sithandwa, ukuba inqambi yogqobhoko asikuko ukuuthanda abangakuqumbisiyo nabakuthandayo kupheJa kuba kaloku nababuthi berhafu bayabathanda abaabathandayo. Lugqithe njani na uthando lwakho, Tipha, kolwababhaJi nolwabaFarisi xa wenjenje ukuzikhetheJa kwezokhoJo?
Iisonethi zikaNgcangata, kwincwadi Ukuphuma kwelanga, zahlulwe zaba ziiokthevu (imiqolo esibhozo yokuqala) zilandelwe ziisestethi (emithandathu yokugqibela). Aziqapheleki ngendlela eyakhiwe ngayo imvano-siphelo yale miqolo njengoko kunjalo esiLungwini kodwa apha kwiisonethi zesiXhosa umbongo ukhangeleka ngathi yimibongo emibini ethetha ngemingxilo eyahlukileyo yomcamango omnye. Kumbongo othi "Ilitha nethunzi" umntu ufumana uthotho lwezi zinto: ilanga, iliso, impii10, imfundo, inkcubeko, iphupha, ukuchuIumacha neBhayibhile, nto ezo ezibonisa ubuhle nokubheka phambili ebomini kanti kwimiqolo emithandathu yokugqibela uyatyeka kwezi zinto asinike amagama akhabanayo nalawo. Nakumbongo wakhe othi "Uncumo" kwenzeka kwaloo nto.
UQangule ukwasebenzisa izafobe ezifana nesikweko. isimntwiso nesiifaniso kodwa kwezo zinto zonke. esona sixhobo asithandayo sisikweko. Kumbongo wakhe othi "Intombi yekhazi" kwincwadi Intshuntshe (1978:12) usebenzisa isikweko ukwakha isakhiwo sombongo wakhe nemiifanekiso-ntelekelelo. Ezi zikweko zisetyenziswe ukutyibela ngamazwi akhethiweyo lowo ambongayo. Le nto iwunika umbongo isingqisho esiibetha kamnandi. nto ke leyo ephathelele kwisakhiwo.
Umbhali ngamnye kwaba unazo izincoko ezingahlulwanga phakathi. Omnye umzekelo wezo zincoko sesiya sincoko sikaJolobe sithi "Umtshato" kanti nesiya sikaMadala sithi "Ulundi lokhahlamba" naxa uMadala esawuvelela macala omabini loo mbandela.
Malunga nabalinganiswa kwezi ncwadi zintathu ndingagqabaza ndenjenje. Uninzi lwabo bangqukuva. Sibabona beguquguquka phantsi kweemeko ezithile. UDingezweni, kwelinye icala, ngumlinganiswa osicaaba, ongaguqukiyo kwimo abekuyo ekuqaleni encwadini. Kambe isizathu soko sicacile, kukuba umbhali umzobe ngeenjongo zokuzalisekisa iqhalo elithi umthi ugotywa uselula. NabakaJordan abalinganiswa bakholise kuba ngqukuva kakuhle.
Ndingowenu wemihla nezolo.
Ndibona ngathi ke mna enze njalo amaduna akowethu ukuqhusheka 10 mba wokhalazo. Ubugcisa obungaka bakha babonwa phi na IsiXhosa asitolikwa, Lawundini?
Lo mcamango usentloko (central idea) olithungela lonke ibali, uye kuthungela abalinganiswa ngokuthi izinto abazenzayo okanye ezibahlelayo (ngenxa yokuba ubomi babo bungekho ezandleni zabo) zonke ezi zinto zisebeenzele ukuphuhlisa 10 mcamango uphambili lijikeleze kuwo ibali.
Eli gama lithi "Drama" lithatyathwe kwelesiGrike elithi "Dran" elithetha ukwenza okanye intshukumo. Lalibhekiswa kumatheko anomculo noomdaniso awayesenzelwa uDionysos, isithixo sewayini. Idrama namhla asiyiyo nayiphi na into njengoko bekusakwenziwa njalo kudala. Intetho yayiyenye nje yeempawu zedrama yakudala, ibali, impixano nesakhiwo bezibakho zingalindelekanga. Ngoku ezi zinto zinyanzelekile.
Kube lithamsanqa elikhulu ukuba zibe nokufumaneka ezi sonethi ziimbini zithe zazilandela twatsa ezi mvano-siphelo zimbini kuthethwa ngazo kuba, njengoko bendikhe ndatsho kwintshayelelo, abesiXhosa ababhali yingxaki enkulu into yemvano-siphelo kuba ulwimi IwesiXhosa alubavumeli ngokupheleleyo. Imigca elishumi elinesine yona kulula ukuyifumana. Ukuba ngethamsanqa uyizamile imvanoosiphelo, iba ziikhapleti nje zodwa, zingabikho iikhwatreni, kungenjalo, ufumanise ukuba umbhali akakhange aqalise ukuyihoya imvano10. Umzekelo: waloo nto singawufumana kulaa mbongo kaQangule uthi "Kwabathweswa izidanga". Ingxaki enkulu kulwimi IwesiXhosa yithoni eyenza ukuba athi amagama ejongeka efana kodwa angabizwa ngokuufanayo, umzekelo: isithebe asibizwa ngokufanayo nendlebe. Kwakhona ababhali bathanda ukufanisa la malungu okugqibela kuphela kanti itsho kamnandi imvano-siphelo xa kuvana amalungu amabini okugqibela emagameni. Mhleli.
The premises of the approach suit the basic aims of eduucation and ethics.
Ukuba kukhangelwa imiba ephambili ekubhalweni kwenoveli, inoveli kaJordan ethi Ingqumbo yeminyanya iyivelela yonke imiba efunekayo. Singatsho ngelingenaxanasi sithi le noveli igqwesile. Njengokuba kusiitshiwo kuForster (1941:14) ukuthi "a novel is a fictional narrative in prose of a certain extent." Eyona nto ingundoqo kuyo kukubalisa, yaye ibali luludwe lweziganeko ezidweliswe ngokwamaxesha ezenzeke ngawo.
Xa ndiqwela, nesihloko sale newadi siqulathe lukhulu malunga nomxhoola nangona ungatsoliswanga, kodwa uya ngaphakathi usazi ukuba umciimbi ungobudoda, ukuba uyazi ukuba umdlanga ngumkhonto wokwalusa.
Akukho kubuya ngamva ke ngoku. UGugulethu ongazange aphendulane noyise uza kumnyola emehlweni ngokwala xa emthuma ngoku. Oku ukwenza ngokungazibopheleli ngeqhina lomtshato ecaweni phambi koomfundisi. Akasoyiki nokuhlaza uyise esidlangalaleni.
Inkcubeko lukhanyo lwempucuko.
Masiyeke, TakaLanga, ngokuba sendibona ukuba ndeenze impazamo ngokukuxelela ngemeko yonyana wakho, ndizinqikele elinobugqwangu.
Ngale ncwadi ndizama ukubonakalisa umahluko weezimvo kubantu abadala nesizukulwana esitsha ngale nto ilisiko. Isiko eli liyabola lingasebenzi ngamanye am axeesha, uthi ke wena wakuvumbulula uhlakaze into eboolileyo kungalungi, izinto zonakale Enye into ndifuna ukubonakalisa amandla ale nto kuthiwa luthando ... Apho luthe lwawa lwafukama khona alungeze lwanceedwa.
Isigaba esilandelayo sisigaba senkqubela nokhanyo kuba kwenziwa imisebenzi yenkqubela emitsha kwasekwa nemibutho yokuphakamisa isizwe. Elo thuba lenkqubela laba lifutshane kakhulu kuba kwavuka ukuungavisisani phakathi kwabasebukhosini noluntu olwasuka lwadwelisa uthotho lwezikhalazo ngezi nguqulelo zingeneyo.
Isiganeko ngasinye sizala esinye, kube yiloo ntuntanja ke kude kuye kuvutho-ndaba apho uGugulethu ala ukusayina irejista nokwenza izifungo zomtshato.
Enye into ebalulekileyo ngomdlalo wosasazo kukuba kufuneka ube ngesiganeko esithile endaweni yokuzoba ubomi bonke. Uthi akuuphumelela imali eninzi uLulamile agqibe ekubeni amshiye kwesiinomhlwa umkakhe uNeziswa. Yonke loo nto izungeleze eso siganeko sinye.
Luncinane unxibelelwano phakathi kukaGugulethu nabazali bakhe ngalo mcimbi.
If this is granted, we may say that the plot of any novel or drama is the particular synthesis effected by the writer of the elements of action, character and thought that constitute the matter of his invention...
During the latter part of the century it was the very physsical and cultural survival of the Xhosa and neighbouring nations that became of primary importance. Given the crucial significance of both issues, it is understandable that the literate class should have devoted its newly acquired skills to religious, didactic and later political writing.
Itsho ke into kaMtuze, ithi amaxesha ngamanye, ukuba sibambelele esiikweni sixel' ooNgxabane bakudala, sakutshonelwa lilanga.
Kwelinye icala uD.M.
Abanye abantu ekucaca ukuba bayangcungcutheka bubudoda bukaLanga nguNzame nomhlobo wakhe uPhumi, ngohlobo lokuba bade baphel' iintloni bayithetha kuye ezinkonkqeni le nto ngenye imini. Nakubo uLanga akazange azidube ngokube ebahlisa ebanyusa ngaphandle nje kokubanika iindaba zabo, baza bathi bakomelwa ngumqa ephinini, baphela bezinxilisa, beyithetha ke phofu eyokuba bahlangene nenyok' iphunga umhluzi. ULanga akacengi solalaphi ngobudoda bakhe.
The Owl Critic Cape Town: Nasou.
Ngarnanye arnaxesha umbhali usebenzisa ulwirni oluthethwa ngabo bantu abazobileyo.
Inoveli isoloko inodaba oluthile lokuvula amehlo abafundi.
Aba babini, uPhumi noNzame, abazange banele kukuphoxwa nguLanga. Basala besangqawa ngobukhwenkwe nobudoda bukaLanga de baya kufikelela nakwinkonde uBaw' uMpinda, owabagqogq' iindlebe baphuma apho beziinkuku ezinethileyo.
UNomthunzi akatyhafanga, akazisingeli phantsi, akoyiki ukuvakalisa uluvo lwakhe kuFikele, kuba umthatha njengomlingane wakhe. UFikele uphila kumaxesha akudala, akayamkeli into yokuba umcimbi omkhulu kangaka ofuna indoda uphalazwe emfazini, aze yena akugqiba ukuba yiindoda axelelwe nguNomthunzi.
Kwidrama kukwakho nabalinganiswa abachasileyo. Sibona uNzame noPhumi abangamthandiyo uLanga yaye bezimisele ukulihlambela igama lakhe. Ekuqaleni, intetho yabo itsho simthandabuze uLanga kodwa uthi wakucombuluka Â·umdlalo sibone ukuba asinakuyithemba yonke into abayithethayo ngaye.
Eli nqanaba likhothame undoqo wesakhiwo sebali. Undoqo nomqobo wesiyileli lulwabhici oluqanduselwa kweli nqanaba. Ukuze ibali lethu liqhubele phambili, kufuneka kubekho impixano.
Ngayo yonke intetho kaMpinda umbhali uyiphuhlisa icaee eyona njoongo yakhe ngenewqdi yakhe. Uthi amaxesha ngamanye ngoku, masizame siluluntu ukuhamba nokutshintsha kwezinto. Makangajongelwa phantsi umntu owalukele esibhedlele, naye yindoda njengalo uye ebhumeni, ngakumbi nangakumbi xa izenzo zakhe zimngqina, kuba zizo eziziiimpawu zobona budoda, hayi ukuba walukele phi.
Maxa wambi inguqulelo ebomini bomlinganiswa oyintloko ingqamana nokwamkela kwakhe inkolo yobuKrestu.
A theme involves the real purpose for which a play is written, as well as the meaning pervading the whole.
NoGugulethu ngumlinganiswa ongqukuva. Unezinto azithandayo nangazithandiyo njengomntu wonke. Ukhe wazama ukumguqula uyise kwizimvo zakhe kodwa wawa phantsi kuba kakade ebengengomntu unaamandla. Ubulala uThobeka ngenxa yokuba engasenathemba limbi ebomini.
Bendingazi ukuba naseNkwankca naninombutho woomdaniso seningabaqeqeshi-badanisi nje, Langa.
Umdlanga kaP.T. Mtuze (1976) uxovula umdmbi wobudoda nolwaaluko. ULanga owalukele esibhedlele uqaqambile kunabafana abalukele ebhumeni ngokwesiko elaziwayo lesiXhosa. Wayalukele esibhedlele, nto ke leyo eyayisonyanywa kakhulu nguyise uFikele, kodwa kuyo yonke loo nto. uLanga wayebagqwesile oontanga bakhe ngobulumko, ngenkathalo, ngemfundo nangokuziphatha. Loo nto yabatsho oogxa bakhe banekhwele, bazimisela ukuba barnahlule nesithandwa sakhe uCikizwa. Le nto isiboonisa ingxaki yamasiko kuluntu lwethu, kunjalonje isagquba kuba abakhwetha bafa mihla le ebhumeni apho kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingaahambi ngokwemigaqo yempilo ngarnanye arnaxesha. Kuyo yonke loo nto. umntu owalukele esibhedlele kunzima ukuba amkeleke eluntwini.
Sesona sixhobo sibalulekileyo kwidrama. Imenzela lula umbhali ekwakheni abalinganiswa abangafaniyo, babe neembono ezingafaniyo kananjalo. Isesona sixhobo silungileyo kwidrama ngaphezu kwentetho yomntu oyedwa.
Kulapho uNgodongwana simbona esabela eHeshele kwelamaHlubi, athi akufika apho aziguqule igama athi unguDingiswayo. Uthe naxa unkosi uBhungane amnakanayo ukuba unegazi lobukhosi, wakhanyela walala ngomqolo. NokaNtloko uzisebenzise kakuhle iimpawu zomdlalo.
Theme is what a story means, what a story says to us, and it results from the interaction of plot, characters, emotion and symbolism. Theme is the sum total of everyything that takes place in a story plus the effect all this has on the mind of the reader.
Ngelo xesha uTshiwo wayexakene neentshaba zakhe yaye efuna amancedo kakhulu.
Kanti kukwabalulekile nokuba urnxholo 10, ngokungaphandle kokuuthungela abalinganiswa, uthungele nesimo sentlalo ngokuthi naso siqaqambise ngeyaso indlela 10 mcamango uphambili kwibali. Andiingelibali ukuchaphazela nesakhiwo sebali ukuba naso ukwakheka oku kwaso makuncedise ngeyaso indlela kwakulo mba mnye. Kanti ulwimi nesimbo sokubhala, ndibala ntoni na Zonke ezo zinto mazithungelane, ziphuhlise, ziqaqambise 10 mcamango ungumxholo webali, ngabula Satyo (Uphengululo IwesiXhosa, 1985:79)?
kuba yilaa ntshumayeJo yakho ingummangaliso le yenze yonke le nguquko.
Isihobe sezi mini siphenjelelwe kakhulu sisihobe saseNtshona ngokweemo nokuqulathiweyo. Esi sihobe sinezinto ezibhaliweyo eziphathelele kwezo zinto zithandwa yimbongi, ezihambisana nesiqu sayo, kunakwiziibongo zomthonyama. Loo nto ithetha ukuba nabani na onesiphiwo angaasibhala isihobe esilolu hlobo IwaseNtshona. Kwaba babhali besihobe sezi mini sikwafumana neembongi ezininzi ezingamaXhosa ezibonakalisa ubugcisa bazo ngokuthi zibhale ngezinto-yinto zobomi ezahlukileyo. Kwesi sihobe kuxutyushwa imixholo ngemixholo.
Zisuka siva izandi eziyiliweyo, ukukhala kweentsimbi zecawe nokweefowuni. Ezo zinto zisincedisa ekubeni siqonde ukuba eli bali lenzeka kwaPhumzile kusasa ngeCawe. Kwakhona siva ingxoxo phakathi kukaPhumzile noMandisa. Kwalapha sinikwa ingxaki ephambili ebalini. Siyazibona zintshula izithole zempixano.
Ukuzotywa kwabalinganiswa ababhinqileyo bekwizikhundla eziphezulu, umzekelo uMamNzotho, uMaKhwetshube noTshilemba kubonisa ukuba abasetyhini bayakwazi ukubamba izikhundla eziphakamileyo entlalweni, kanye njengamadoda. UMzamane ubonisa phandle ukuba abafazi bayaakwazi ukuyimela into abayifunayo, bayakwazi ukuba nemisebenzi esigxiina ebalulekileyo, yaye banayo ingqondo. Yonke le nto uyenza engqiyame ngokubaluleka kwenkcubeko yesiNtu nokuba abantu sebephucuke kaangakani na ngokwaseNtshona. Amadoda kufuneka asinikwe isidima esiiwafaneleyo ngokwesiNtu.
Ukubonga ibingeyonto yeembongi zakwaNtu kuphela. Amakhwenkwe, xa esalusa ezindle phaya, ebethanda ukubonga ngakumbi xa kuhlangene imihlambi yeenkomo. Nabazingeli ngokunjalo bebesaya kuzibonga izinja zabo, bezikhuthaza, benamabhongo nangobukroti bazo. Ukuxhasa oku ndikuthethileyo ngasentla apha, ndicaphula kuA.c.
Kukwalapha apho umbhali kufuneka abaveze abalinganiswa bakhe.
Phambi kokuba ubani abe nokuthetha atyondyothele ngombandela othile, kuyimfuneko ukuba aqale ngokuwuchaza ukuze yonke into ayithethayo ingqamane naloo nkcazo ayinikileyo. Yiyo loo nto siza kumana sibetha sibuyelela kwinkcaza ecacisa inoveli phambi kokuba sizame ukubonisa ukuba ngabaphi na ababhali esicinga ukuba bagqwesile kuloo mba.
Phantsi kwesi sihloko sibala isihobe sezembali, esibalisayo nesichaza iziinto ezibonakalayo. Umzekelo, kumbongo kaJolobe (1964:40) othi "Ingqawule" sixelelwa ngentombi kaMhlakaza nezinto ezabulala ubuzwe bamaXhosa. Kumbongo kaHuna othi "Ulindipasi" sichazelwa, ngendlela eqaqambileyo nechukumisayo, ngomonakalo owenziwa sesi sifo semfuyo.
zinakho nokunika iziganeko ezithathu zoluvo oluthile, (iii) zisenakho nokubonisa iimbono ezintathu ngento enye.
Ziinzingo zobulawulwa Umnyeph' uyamxinzelela Ukhusa ngapha ukhokhotyiso Akhuse ngapha ukhobokiso.
Elokuqukumbela ndingathi njengoko sibona kuyahluka xa kubongwa ngokufa uqobo naxa kubongwa ngabathe basishiya. Xa kubongwa ngokufa uqobo kubhekiswa kubo njengomntu. Kuphakathi kokuba kube kuyakhahlelwa, kuhlonelwe, imbongi igobe ngamadolo icenga umhlekazi ukuba athobe isantya angaphali kangaka, okanye kube kanti imbongi iyakuxhokonxa ikungxolisa oku kufa kungenanceba kangaka.
Iinoveli ezibonisa ungquzulwano phakathi kwemeko yanamhla neyasendulo Phantsi kwalo mba singabalula incwadi kaDyafta ethi Ikamva lethu apho kuboniswa khona ukugqwesa kwezokhanyo zisoyisa ezesithethe ngokuthi umfana aphumelele ekuzifuneleni undofanaye othandwe nguye. Eli dabi silibonile nakwincwadi kaJordan ethi Ingqumbo yeminyanya.
Ukuhambisa olu daba lwakhe kuthi, urnbhali usebenzisa abalinganiswa ekufuneka ibe ngabantu abafana nabo sibaqhelileyo ekuhlaleni.
Ifuthe likaNobantu liyavakala kuwo omabini la maeala angadibaniyo, kuba udibanisa imihlambi eyalanayo. Uyayamkela indlela yolwaluko azikhethele yona uLanga, kuba naye ungomnye wabalinganiswa abaabalulekileyo abayamkelayo inguqu yeli xesha. UNobantu naye akanaadyudyu, uyaluvakalisa uluvo lwakhe. Unophawu olubonakalisa ukukhuululeka kwingeinezelo yabafazi ekudala igquba kwisithuba seenkuluungwane ezidlulileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Libhalwe ngesiNgesi nguNksz. K.P. Rungqu, 1990.
Ibali liphela ngesisombululo okanye isiphetho nokuba inkinge leyo ayisombululekanga yona. Kuxa zonke ezi zinto zinxibelelene kakuhle kude kuye kwisiphumo sebali apho sithi kukho unxibelelwano nomaanyano ebalini.
Kule ngxoxo ingasentla kuyabonakala ukuba kwimidlalo yezembali yesiXhosa kukho unxulumano phakathi kwezinto eziyinyaniso (fact) nomqwebo (fiction). Sibathulela umnqwazi aba babhali babini ngokuthi bangaminxwa ziziganeko zezembali. Siyabona ukuba kule midlalo mibini kukho izinto ezihlonyelweyo ukunika umdla kwezi mbali.
Kumbongo "Intlakohlaza" uQangule udala olunye uhlobo lwesakhiwo esibonisa unxibelelwano phakathi kokuqulathiweyo nesihloko kwakunye nesakhiwo. Ukungalingani kwemiqolo eyenza izitanza kumbongo "Intlakohlaza" kwalatha umahluko phakathi kweNtwasahlobo noBusika. Sibona nemo yembongi kuba isitanza sokuqala sifutshane. kuba akukho mntu ubuvuyelayo uBusika. Sibona apha unxibelelwano phakathi kweesakhiwo nomfanekiso-ntelekelelo. Ukwahlula uBusika kwiNtwasahlobo usebenzisa isitanza esinemiqolo emide nengaphezulu. nto leyo ebonakalisa ukuba, unqwenela ukuba iNtwasahlobo itsale ithuba eliingaphezulu.
Le yenye yeendlela zohlalutyo ezintsha. Sithi yindlela ephathelele kumbhali kuba unendima ebalulekileyo kule ndlela yohlalutyo. Izinto eziqaqambileyo ngale ndlela kukushumayela ngencwadi kusetyenziswa ezenkolo nefilosofi, oko kukuthi imfundiso ethile.
Xa sijonga isakhiwo somdlalo kaNgani othi Umkhonto kaTshiwo, siingatsho ukuthi uNgani uphumelele ekusebenziseni zonke izixhobo zokuubhala eziphathelele kwisakhiwo: ingabula-zigeawu, ukujiya kwezinta, uvuthondaba, isisombululo nesiphelo. Singaehaphazela kuphela uvuthondaba endithi likweliya thuba imikhosi kaKhwane ihlangula uTshiwo kuhlaselo lweentshaba zakhe.
Susa kuqala umqadi osesweni Jakho phambi kokuba ususe isibi esisesweni Jomnye umntu.
Iingqondo zethu zidlwengulwa ngumqolo wokuqala nje apho athetha ngorhatya olusondeleyo, umdla wethu uya ukhula yaye uthi gqolo ukuphembeleleka kude kuye kumqolo wokugqibela webali, apho kuthi qheke ukusa.
The dramatist, like the storyteller, must first of all idenntify the environment, the characters, and the general outtline of the situation in which they are placed. But in a play this must be done quickly, and always, as far as posssible, by action.
A point at which the balance of forces is so strained that something cracks, thus causing a realignment of forces, a new pattern of relationships.
Libhalwe ngesiNgesi nguNksz. B.P. Ngcelwane, 1992. Phambi kokuba singene emxholweni, mandikhe ndithi gqaba-gqaba ngeembono zeengcali malunga nokuba yintoni na isihobe sokhalazo okanye yintoni ukhalazo Iona ngokwalo.
UPickering (1988:55) ugxininisa ekubeni umdlalo omfutshane uxhomekeke kwimeko akuyo umlinganiswa oyintloko. Kufuneka ke ngoko izinto zigajaze ukuhamba ukuya kuvutho-ndaba, kulandele isisombululo kwakamsinya.
Kwisitanza sokuqala umbhali ubonisa ukuba ukufa oku kusisiqalekiso esihla kulo lonke ilizwe. Kuba buhlungu kwabo bathe bagutyungelwa leli lifu kuba ukufa oku akuqheleki. Umbhali usebenzise amazwi akhethiweyo ukuqaqambisa 10 mcamango. Usebenzise amagama amaninzi okuchaza isikhalo esenziwa ngabafelweyo kwilizwe jikelele. Usebenzise amagama azizithetha-ntonye anjengala: "kuzizijwili, kulilwa, kuntywizisw' iinyeembezi, bonke benz' isimbonono". Nanga amanye abonisa oku kunaba kolu sizi: "macala onke emhlabeni, kwiimbombo zone zomhlaba, kwiinkalo zonke".
Liyancomeka igalelo likaSaule kwimidlalo yoonomathotholo esanqoongophele kunene. Abalinganiswa bakhe bambalwa. Baqalela kwabathathu ukuya kwisihlanu. Kulula kubaphula-phuli ukuwahlula amazwi abo. Zonke iimpawu zomdlalo oqhelekileyo ziyabonakala nakule midlalo yakhe yosasazo.
Ezi zilandelayo iincwadi ziqulathe umcimbi wothando: UDike noCikiizwa, Buzani kubawo, UNcumisa noNqabayakhe, nezinye.
Urnxholo walo mdlalo ucace gca. Eneneni uTamsanqa uwandlale kwaseentloko kule ncwadi apho athi khona "the old order changeth yielding place to new". Loo nto ibonisa ukuba kuyingozi ukutshela kumasiko apheIeIwe lixesha. Ubunyaniso bayo budandalazile kule ncwadi iyonke.
USiwisa ngomnye woovulindlela kumabalana esiXhosa. Uqale ukubhala amabalana kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu yokuqala siqalile ukuubhala iincwadi zesiXhosa. Amabalana akhe kwincwadi ethi Ndibuzen' amathongo ayindibanisela yamabalana nezincoko. Loo nto yenze ukuba la alandelayo awele kwicala lezincoko - "Mdala utat' omkhulu" , "Amaqal' afike", "Qash-qash kuphekwe ntoni namhlanje", "Iintwana ezincinane nazo zibalulekile", nelithi "Umzingisi akanashwa".
Umfundi ulangazelela ukwazi ukuba uTshiwo uza kuthabatha waphi na amanyathelo ngenxa yale mpilo yentombi yakhe. Ubiza uMpondombini igqirha, emva koko uDubulegeqa. UNgani usebenzise ubuchule apha bokuyikhomba kwiinkolelo ingxaki yale mbali.
Indlela esiwandlalelwa ngayo 10 mxholo wokungqubana kweenkeubeko inika umdla kakhulu. Siva kwineoko kaNgxabane omnye wamakholwane nephakathi likamfi uNkosi uZanemvula elathi lasindisa ubomi bukaZwelinzima unyana kaZanemvula lowo, ukuba amanye amaMpondomise asatshele kwizithethe zawo nakwiinkolo. Usixelela ukuba la maMpondomise asakholelwe kwinyoka enguMajola, yaye iinkosi zakwaNgwanya namafanankosi zingewatywa emilanjeni enjengeThina neTsitsa. Kwalapha sibona ukuxatyiswa kwemfuyo ngokuthi siboniswe inkomo eyayithandwa kunene sisizwe uDangazele, kanti nendima yaamagqirha namaxhwele siyibona kwasentloko.
Pretoria: De Jager-HAUM.
Apha kwisestethi ke into elindelekileyo kukuba kubekho utshintsho, oko kukuthi laa ngxoxo ibivezwe kwiokthevu ngoku iyasonjululwa. Imbongi ngoku ithi ithande ukukhululeka mpela. Ithi ukuba ibithande ukuba ngqukuva phaya kwiokthevu, uyive ke ngoku ivela kweyona nto ingayo.
Kwelinye icala, babekhalazela uZwelinzima owayengenise iinguqulelo eziliqela ezifana nokutshitshiswa kweebhokhwe kuba kusithiwa zisetyeenziswa ngamagqirha ukulahlekisa abantu. UZwelinzima wayeyilwa loo nto, wada wavala naloo magqirha esithi abantu mabaye koogqirha baseNtshona. Le nto yaveza izikhalazo ezininzi eluntwini.
Emva kokuba ebekiwe esihlalweni uZwelinzima, luyaqanduselwa olu ngquzulwano. Into yokuqala ekubanjwana ngayo yintombi amakayizeke. Yena ufuna uThembeka ukanti isithethe sobukhosi sikhomba enye indlela. UNgxabane utshele mpela kumyolelo kaZanemvula kwesi sithuba. Le nto isahlula kubini isizwe. Kukho abaxhasa uZwelinzima kanti bakho nabaakwicala likaNgxabane. Kubalulekile nokuqaphela ukuba iqela ngalinye kula maqela liqinile yaye lizimisele kuloo nto limi kuyo. Kuthi xa kulapho uJongilanga okwicala lezithethe aphakamise ukuba mazizekwe zombini ezi ntombi, eyakwaBhaca kunye noThembeka, inkosazana ibe ngumfazi omkhulu. UDabula uyibhebhetha ngelithi loo nto inkosi ifundile, ke ngoko ayinakho ukuzeka isithembu.
Ziyaqapheleka na iimpawu zocaphulo Kaloku imbongi le icaphula kumazwi omfi 10 uJoe Matyila kwingoma yakhe ethi "Kazi ndenzeni na emhlabeni". Sigqibele imbongi ikhalela ukushiywa nguJoe, siqabuka se lithe qhushe isikhalazo sokuthwal' ubunzima. Kwakule ngoma umbuzo othi "Ndenzeni na" usinika umfanekiso wokungazi sizathu sokuthwal' ubunzima. Ufana kanye nengoma yetoyi-toyi ethi "Hay' asiyaz' intw' efunwa ngamaBhulu", uMhleli?
Umbhali usebenzise indlela yokubatyhila ngezenzo nangengxoxo abalinganiswa bakhe. Ulwimi nentetho yabalinganiswa luveza izimo zabo. USaule, maxa wambi, usebenzisa neengcinga zabalinganiswa ukubatyhila.
Kweli nqanaba impixano ifikelele eneotsheni, ayikwazi kutwebeka, inguuIowa umlinganiswa ukhupha iimfihlo zakhe.
Into yokuqala ebalulekileyo ngomdlalo ondima-nye kukuqaphela ukuba 10 mdlalo ngumsebenzi wobugcisa opheleleyo esingathi unxuulumano lwawo nomdlalo om de ufana nje nonxulumano lwebalana nenooveli. Kunondima-nye kukho ingabula-zigcawu apho kwaziswa khona abalinganiswa abaphambili nemeko ekungayo. Kunondima-nye kubaalulekile ukuba yonke loo nto ibethe koozelekazi yaye ibe nomdla.
Ukubonga sisiphiwo esithi sivele kwasebuntwaneni emntwini. Izibongo zamandulo zazisenziwa ngomlomo, kukholiswa ukubonga iinkosi, izihandiba nezidwangube ezibalulekileyo. Xa imbongi idanduluka ibonga enkundleni ubesithi umntu ovakalelwayo azibone iinyembezi zisihla, kuba bekuba nzima ukuzibamba. Ngale ndlela yokubonga bezingumlomo wabantu enkosini ngokuthi zigxeke, zikwancoma inkosi leyo kanti ikakhulu zazithanda ukunyhasha umbuso welo xesha. Loo nto ibilungisa uhlanga kuba inkosi ibiye ilungise apho igqwidize khona.
Usixelela oko kwisitanza sesihlanu. Simva esithi waphanda, wafumaanisa ukuba ukufa 10 wagxothwa emyezweni ngenxa yokungalungi kwakhe, edunga-dunga uxolo. Usilandela le mvelaphi yokufa kwisitanza sesiixhenxe nesesibhozo. Udlula apho akunukuneze ngamazwi akhethiweyo.
Wena sowude uthethe ngentombi ayiboniileyo kuxa wawumbona esalukela phi Latshiswa ngubani ibhuma lakhe Yayiingubani ingcibi Lingubani ikhankatha?
Siyabona kolu hlalutyo lwemidlalo kaMtuze nekaSiwisa ukuba zininzi iindlela zokuvelela umdlalwana kodwa kuzo zonke kubalulekile ukuba kubekho unxibelelwano nondindano emdlalweni. Ingxoxo inendima enkulu eyidlalayo ekuvezeni izimo zabalinganiswa kanti kukwabalulekile nokuba umdlalwana ubethe koozelekazi.
Libhalwe ngesiNgesi nguMnu. M.A.M. Qomfo, 1990.
UNgcangata ngomnye wezi mbongi zakutshanje oye wanegaIeIo elincoomekayo kuIwimi IwesiXhosa. UbhaIe isihobe kwakunye nezinye iindidi zoncwadi ezifana namabaIana amafutshane, njalo njalo. Into ephawuulekayo ngesimbo sakhe sokubhaIa kukuba uzama kakhuIu ukuwuvala umsantsa phakathi kwezibongo zomthonyama nezala maxesha. Uzamile ukubhaIa iisonethi. Ifuthe likaMqhayi noJolobe liyavakala apha kuye kanti oyena mntu kurhaneleka ukuba ube nempembelelo enkuIu kuye nguQangule. Isimbo sakhe sokubhala sibonakalisa ukuba uvune lukhulu kula maqhawe, wasebenzisa ubuchule abugqwathule kuwo ukwakha esakhe isimbo sokubhaIa.
Xa siqwalasele umhobe kaJolobe othi "Inyibiba" sib ana le mifanekisoongqondweni - "tshawekazi", "nzwakazi", nto leyo etsho sibe nengqondo ethi la mbongo ubhekisela emntwini, awupheleli nje kule ntyatyambo. Kuyacaca ukuba inkosi le yalama nzwakazi ithile eyathi yayidlwengula urnxhelo ngobuhle nemfezeko yayo. Kuyacaca ke ukuba le nyibiba yeziihlambo yinyibiba ekwiinkumbulo zokaJolobe. Yonke loo nto uyifihle ngobugcisa kumsebenzi wobungcali wokuzoba ngamagama.
UHilliard (1976:366) ugxininisa ekubeni umlinganiswa yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwintshukumo yomdlalwana. Okwesibini, izimo zabaliinganiswa kufuneka zivezwe zizenzo zabo. Imo kamZima yokukholelwa kwizithethe zakwaXhosa siyiva apha entethweni yakhe.
Kuqala sibona umdudo wabafana neentombi. Kukweli theko apho bathi khona uTana noNgodongwana benze iyelenqe lokubulala utata wabo. Baviwa yintombi kaNodunge bebhunga ixelele uyise.
Kwinewadi kaSiphambo impixano iphakathi koLanga noNovusile inkosikazi yakhe owayesakuba nguNompumelelo. Izinto zijikile, uNovusile ushiywe nabazali ekhaya 10 gama uLanga axelenga eMonti, into ke leyo olungahambisani nayo ulutsha lwanamhlanje. Ueele ukuba andise imfundo yakhe kwezokonga, suka uLanga wema entla. Uzimele waya kwisibhedlele saseMthwaku ekuthe emva kwethuba wathandana noThemba kanti uzibethe ngenyheke etyeni kuba wafumanisa sekumva ukuba uthandana nomgulukudu, unqevu owaziwayo noyineutshe kwieala lokuba iimoto.
Apha singabalula inewadi kaMqhayi ethi Ityala lamawele apho kuunganzingwa imbambano phakathi kwamawele. Injongo kaMqhayi kukubonisa ukuba iindlela zesithethe zokusingatha amatyala azinasihlava nalugonyamelo lwankosi.
Abalinganiswa kulo mdlaIo bazotywe kakuhIe kakhulu. Sibazi ngezinto abazithethayo, abazenzayo, nezithethwa ngabanye abantu ngabo. Intetho kaZwilakhe ibonakalisa kakuhIe ukuba ungumntu osatsheIe kwisithethe yaye uneenkani. SicaceIwe nakukuba uphantsi kwempembelelo kaaMaGaba. Kuyabonakala nokuba ungumlinganiswa ongqukuva kuba uye waguquka ngokuhamba kwebali.
Elokugqiba ke leli lokuba kuyacaca ukuba le nto iyisonethi ngokuungaphandle kweshumi elinesine lemiqolo, yisonethi ngemvano-siphelo. Ithethe ukuthi ke loo nto imvano-siphelo le ngundoqo kwisonethi, kuba yiyo ethi idibanise amagama akwizivakalisi ezithi zinike iingcamango ezihamba kunye.
Amava akhe ngeembambano phakathi kweendlela ezingafaniyo zezi mini nezamandulo amnika isakhiwo sale ncwadi yakhe ukanti into yokuuba wayewazi ngokupheleleyo amaMpondomise nentlalo yawo yamnceda ekuzobeni isimo sentlalo esisisiseko sale ncwadi.
Njengoko ndikhe ndatsho kwizinto endithe ziimpawu zesonethi, isonethi ilandela isakhiwo esineendlela ezimbini zemvano-siphelo ezizezi -eyesiTaliyane nyesiNgesi. Ndiza kuthi gqaba-gqaba nje ngezi ndlela zesonethi.
Kwintlanganiso eyayibizelwe ukuxovula umcimbi wokubulawa kukaMajola kwabakho ukungavisisani okwada kwadala ukuba umzi wahluke phakathi, kubekho amaMpondomise namaMfengu. Eli qela lamva elalililo elixhase uZwelinzima layishiya intlanganiso limshiya uZwelinzima esentendeni yezandla zamaMpondomise omthonyama lawa ayefuna ukumbulala.
ambeke esichengeni sokubekelwa imiqathango yamaxesha okuhamba nokungahambi edolophini.
AmaGqunuqhwa. la ayemi kwisithili saseMngazi.
Emva kokuzoba. yonke loo mifanekiso mibi baphila phantsi kwayo abantu, uphinda kwayena abanike ithemba lokuba boza bakhululeke ngenye imini. Iyamkhathaza kakhulu uJolobe into yokuxhomekeka kwethu kumaveza-ndlebe angabantu abaMhlophe. Uthi masiziphilele sifunde ukuzenzela izinto zethu. Kambe uyayithetha nento ethi akukho nto ifumaneka lula kwaye abantu abaMnyama mabafunde ukunyamezela idyokhwe esemagxeni abo.
Xa sijonga uNobantu simbona eyintombi eehubekileyo nengakwaziyo ukuvala umlomo xa ibona ukuba kuyonakala. Ifuthe lakhe libonakala kakuhle kuCikizwa nakuNzame noPhumi. Usoloko ebanqwanqwada kwizenzo zabo eziphuthileyo. Wayibona uNobantu kwasekuqaleni into yokuba uNzame noPhumi baseyelenqeni lokuehitha-ehitha uthando lukaCikizwa. UNobantu uzibona izinto zisekude ngenxa yobukrele-krele bengqondo yakhe. Uyamvusa uCikizwa ngenye imini, uthi makangalali ubuthongo, uza konakalelwa. Uyimazi ephala kunye neenkabi kuba unobuehopho bokuyibona into eza kuba nesiphelo esibi. Uyambona uPhumi ukuba ulahlekiswa nguNzame kuba efuna ukufezekisa imiinqweno yakhe.
Zombini ezi mbongi zinengqokelela enkulu yeesonethi nee-eleji apho siye sicace mpela ukuyelelana isimbo sazo. Kuqala siphawula ukuba zoombini ezi mbongi zithanda ukusebenzisa amagama amathathu kumqolo ngamnye kunjalonje loo magama athande kuba zizigaba zentetho eziifanayo. Kwakhona zifaniselene kakhulu ngezafobe ezizisebenzisileyo kwimibongo yazo.
Xa ndicaphula uE.M.
Omnye umntu obenegalelo ekuphuhliseni iinjongo zombhali ngale newadi Umdlanga nguNobantu. Oko simana ukugqwathula kwiintetho ezi zakhe.
Umvile uDlangisa elilisela ngezirhoxo zamabobosi ezindlu, ummamele xa esithi, andithethi ngezi zinunzaanunza zabameli benu?
Umdlalo unamanqanaba ohamba ngawo ashiyana ngokukhula komdla nokuba mandundu kwezinto ebalini. Ababhali bemidlalo yesiXhosa batyekele kakhulu kwindlela yaseNtshona ekwakheni imidlalo yabo.
UJolobe yena uyibona ingxaki isekubeni abazali abaNtsundu baxhomeekeka kakhulu ebantwaneni babo. Balindele ukuba abantwana babo baza kubabonelela ngezinto eziyimfuneko ebomini babo kanti abaMhlophe babafundisa abantwana ngeenjongo zokuba babe nokuzimela.
DIu hlobo lombongo luyabonakala nakumbongo kaBurns-Ncamashe othi "Urngoduko woKurnkanikazi", nakokaMtuze othi "Untingil' uJoe" nothi "UCanon James Arthur Calata" kwincwadi ethi Uyavuth' umlilo.
UBoulton (1982:4) yena kwelakhe icala ubalula imo yesihobe. Le nzwakazi ibonisa ukuba kukho isingqi esitsho kamnandi yaye ukulaandelelana kweengcinga kukhokelela kuvutho-ndaba, nokuthi imfanoozandi yenza ipatroni ebonelela ngophinda-phindo olutsho kamnandi ernxhelweni.
Kulo rnbongo, u Yako usinika umfanekiso ocacileyo ngoMqhayi eligorha lenene. lnjongo yalo mbongo kukuthuthuzela isizwe siphela xa sasilila eziirnathontsi ngokusweleka kwale ndwalutho.
Kumdlalo wakhe othi "Liduduma lidlule" usebenzise izandi ezifana nokukhala kweenyamakazi neentaka, nto leyo enika umphulaphuli umfanekiso wesimo sentlalo esilihlathi. USaule ukwaphumelele ekusebenziseni izandi eziyiliweyo kwiidrama zakhe. Ezi zandi azaneli kubonisa kuphela, indawo koko zinenxaxheba ekuqhubeleni phambili umdlalo. Wenze lukhulu uSaule ukuguqula okubonwayo kube kokuviwa ngeendlebe, nto leyo enika umphulaphuli umfanekiso ocacileyo wokuba kwenzeka ntoni na.
Imbongi isebenzisa amagama akhethiweyo asizobela umfanekiso wookwenyeliswa, ukugculelwa nokutyhalelwa kude ngokuthi isebenzise la magama: "Abakuthi bayandibukula bandalatha ngezithupha", "kuvuth' isigculelo, lirhanuga", "liveza-ndlebe".
UNgodongwana, incwadi ebhalwe nguP.M. Ntloko, Umkhonto kaTshiwo, incwadi ebhalwe nguM.A.P. Ngani. UNgodongwana uxovula umbandela wokuvukelwa kwenkosi ngoonyana bayo kuba besithi yaluphele. Naxa urnxholo wayo unomdla, le mbali yoniwa yindlela oqhutywe ngayo 10 mcimbi, ndlela leyo engabonakalisi nkathalo kubenzi beyelenqe. Uthi wena umcimbi onje ukuba nzima ungathini ukuthethelwa esisuseni sikaawonke-wonke?
Ukuba singaqwalasela iincwadi zemibongo yesiXhosa, singafumanisa ukuba imibongo emalunga nokufa iziintlobo ezimbini. Kukho le ichaza okanye ibonga ukufa njengesiganeko ukanti kukwakho nale ibonga abantu abathe basutywa kukufa beshiya ngasemva imisebenzi yabo eqaqambileyo. Kweli nqaku ndiza kuthatha umbongo omnye othetha ngokufa kuzimele geqe, ndize ndathathe ibe mibini ebonga abafileyo.
UMtuze ukhangeleka ephumelele ekuqinisekiseni olu qulungano kuumabalana amafutshane akhe, kwincwadi yakhe ethi Umphehlulu. Oku kubetha koozelekazi ukwenze ngaphandle kokuthi amabalana akhe aziigwengule iimfuneko zamabali amafutshane. Masikhe sihlalutye amabaalana ambalwa akhe sikhangele ukuba uzivelela njani ezi mpawu ziyimfuuneko.
Ufundile, uyintombi evuthiweyo kwaye akazihoyanga iintlebendwane zangaphandle ezingafuni yena. Siyalibona ifuthe lakhe ngokuthi akudibana noLanga, akhuthazeke uLanga azigqibe izifundo zakhe zangaasese. Akaphelelanga apho; akakhange yena amtyhafise malunga nendlela aluke ngayo uLanga. Okwesithathu, akakhange abe nenqala kwiintshaba zikaLanga, kuba ngemini uCikizwa awayehambele uLanga emzini wakhe, akazange athi akufika elapho abe nalusu lubi. Wasuka wambungezelela, wamenzela ububele. Impumelelo kaLanga yenzeka ngenxa yeempembelee10 zakhe.
Baninzi ababhali bethu bangaphambili abaphenjelelwa yile ndlela yokuubhala. Ukuba ubani ufunda iincwadi zababhali bokuqala uya kufumana lukhulu ngale ndlela yokubhala kuba kaloku iincwadi zokuqala zaziijoliswe ekufundiseni, ekuphuculeni izimo zabantu.
Sebesaluka njalo kulo lonke eJi Jizwe.
Njengoko kubonakala kule nkcazo ingasentla, sihlatyelwe ifolo malunga nento ekubanjwene ngayo, indawo ekukuyo, nabalinganiswa abaphambili kule ncwadi. Lilonke isimo sentlalo sisinikiwe. Abazali bakaGugulethu ngabantu abasadla ngendeb' endala. Basakholelwa ekuthini banokuumkhethela umfazi unyana wabo uGugulethu. Siyawufumana umoya weli bali ukuba unjani na kuba sesibona ukuba akukho luqhagamshelwano yaye kukho ukubetha-bethana kwezimvo phakathi kwala maqela mabini. Le nto ifukama imeko esisiseko eziza kwenzeka kuyo ezi ziganeko zicoombuluka ngasentla apha kuba into yokuba uGugulethu athande uNomaampondomise kanti bona abazali bakhe bathanda uThobeka kunyanzelekile ukuba ikhokelele kungquzulwano.
Enye incwadi elubonakalisa kakuhle olu ngquzulwano yileya kaJongilanga ithi Ukuqhawuka kwembeleko apho umzali ongafundanga abambene nentombi yakhe eneembono zezi mini malunga nokuzikhethela isoka.
Vmbongo olandelayo ngothi "EzikaZwelidumile Sigeawu" obhalwe nguD.L.P. Yali-Manisi. UZwelidumile Sigeawu yikumkani yamaXhosa jikelele. Ngunyana kaGwebinkumbi ophetheyo kwaGealeka ngeli xa lokubhala kwethu. Uthe akubhubha uNgangomhlaba engenamntwana kwafakwa yena ebukl;lmkanini bakwaPhalo.
"Opening formulas often serve to attract attention."
UMzamane kwincwadi yakhe ethi Izinto zodidi ukulwela ngempuumelelo ukulingana ngokwesini phakathi kwendoda nomfazi. Le ncwadi iyabonisa ukuba, ukuba abafazi bayalinikwa ithuba, banakho ukuzenza zonke izinto ezenziwa ngamadoda. Impumelelo kaMzamane kule ncwadi ikwabangelwa nakukuba uzijonga ngeliso elingenaxanasi izinto ezibangela abafazi okanye amadoda abambelele kwimithetho engabhalwanga yenkcubeko nentlalo.
Iimbalo zaba babhali babini zibonakalisa iimpawu ezifanayo apha naphaya.
Lo kaBoulton uyahlula phakathi kwemo ebonakalayo yesihobe nemo esengqondweni yomfundi xa efunda isihobe. Imo ebonakalayo yileyo siiyibona ephepheni. Ibandakanya izandi, isingqisho, imfano-zandi, imvakaalo-zwi nophinda-phindo oluziindidi ngeendidi. Imo esengqondweni siingathi ngumbandela oqulathwe ngumbongo lowo. Sibandakanya apha isakhiwo somhobe ngokwegrama nemigaqo yolwimi, ukulandelelana kweengcinga, imifanekiso-ngqondweni njalo njalo. Zonke ezi zinto ziye zihlangane ziwunike umbongo ifuthe (Boulton, 1982:7).
UGugulethu ufikelele exabisweni lokuba makatshate.
Umbandela wokuqala endifuna ukuwubethelela kwasentloko ngowokuba la ngamalingana abafundi abebesenza isidanga seRA. (Hons) phantsi kwam kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo. Kuthe emva kwethuba ndaphawula ukuba akusizi lutho ukusengela ethungeni elivuzayo, ndibaabhalise izincoko kuze kuthi emva kwethuba zilahlwe phaya, kuvele elinye iqela lenze kwaloo nto. Akukho nto ilunyukelwe ngabeLungu njengokubiila sisoma siqala ekuqaleni ukuyila ivili elayilwa kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo.
Okwesine, kukho izincoko zocamngco apho umbhali adla amathamb' engqondo ngemiba ethile ngezinto azibonayo apha ebomini (reflective essays). Olu hlobo aluniki zisombululo nazimpendulo zigqibeleleyo kwimibuzo okanye kwimibandela ethile koko umbhali uyishiya kumfundi inyewe ukuba azenzele isigqibo. UMadala ulusebenzisile olu hlobo kwiizincoko eziliqela ezinjengezi: "Iintaba ezikude ngamasithela", "Amagqabi asecaleni lendlela", "Amahla-ndinyuka esheleni abaliswa kwayiyo", nezinye. UBudaza naye ukhe wahlomela kolu hlobo kwilivo lakhe elithi "Ukufa" kunye nelinye elithi "Ukuya akufani nokufika".
Ziyathungelana iziganeko kuba uNodunge uxelela inkosi uJobe ethi yona iyalele ukuba oonyana bayo mababulawe. Ukufeza oko, uNodunge uphembelela iindlavini ukuba zibulale uTana noNgodongwana. Useebenzisa onke amaqhinga okubathelekisa neendlavini. Uthi akuthi uTana uthi uza kuzibeka endaweni yazo akuphatha, zivume ukumgwinta.
Phakathi kweendidi ezikhoyo zemixholo la kaMtuze uzikhethele eli cala lentlalo (social theme). Umxholo wakhe ungobudoda kwaXhosa. Ukuwuphuhlisa kwakhe 10 mxholo uye wanyanzelisa ukuba adale ungquzulwano phakathi kwabantu abasadla ngendebe endala nabantu abaphila kula maxesha empucuko yaseNtshona. Uzamile kangangoko anako ngabalinganiswa bakhe ukuba kubonakale ukuba awukho tu umahluko phakathi komntu owalukele ehlathini nomntu owalukele esiibhedlele. Ubudoda bomntu abuxhomekekanga ekubeni ubani walukele phi, ngaphezu kokuba ubani abonakale ngezenzo zakhe zengqiqo.
Le ncwadi ikwabonisa nokuba amakhosikazi ayakwazi ukucinga izinto ezibalulekileyo nezakhayo. Simbona apha uMaKhwetshube ecebisa umyeni wakhe ukuba mababuyele ekhaya naxa yena uDeyi enamathandaabuzo ukwenjenjalo. UCock (1980:246) ubeka umnwe ekubeni amakhosikazi aNtsundu akakwazi ukuyikhetha ngokwawo indawo afuna ukuya kusebenza kuyo. Makube sesinye sezizathu ezabangela ukuba uMaKhwetshube akhethe ukubuyela ekhaya, ashiye elo gunjana limxinwa wayehlala kulo kungekho nto anokuyenza.
Bakho nabanye ababhali abakhe bawuehaphazela 10 mbandela wokungqubana kweenkcubeko. Kubo singabalula aba balandelayo banjeengoW.K. Tamsanqa, kuBuzani kubawo, uD.M. Jongilanga kwinewadi Ukuqhawuka kwembeleko, nabanye abaninzi. UJordan ukhangeleka ebagqwese bonke ngokuzoba le ntlekele yokungqubana kwenkeubeko yesithethe neyaseNtshona.
UJolobe usinika urnzekelo ornhle woku kurnbongo wakhe othetha ngoDengana kwincwadi ethi Ilitha apho sibona khona isimo esihlekisayo sobudenge bukaDengana esitishini. Ufuze kanye bonke abantu abaneeengqondo eziphilileyo kodwa bengazisebenzisi. Kurnbongo othi "UBaw' uDlula" uJolobe uphoxisa ngabantu abasukela izinto zaseNtshona bengaziqondi.
Impixano iya ithatha amanye amanyathelo, iya isuka amadlu ukubondeka nokufezeka.
Abalinganiswa bambalwa, nto ke leyo emnika ithuba umbhali lokuba agxininise ngokufanelekileyo kwiziganeko zebalana lakhe. Uphumelele ekusiboniseni iziganeko ngabalinganiswa bakhe. Simbona uNdabakazi kwizenzeko ezithile eziphuhlisa imo yakhe. Khangela indlela ahomba ngayo abe sisigcodolo esifake isuti entsha nempahla entsha kuba elungiselela ukuya kuzitsholololo kuNokapa owayenqenwa kakhulu ngaamakhwenkwe.
Ndibhala kamnandi ngexesha abasemagunyeni besenza unako-nako ukuphakamisa umgangatho weelwimi zethu, nto ke leyo ethetha ukuthi nathi kufuneka sibe negalelo ekuphakamiseni umgangatho wolwimi lwethu oluqulathe intetho, inkeubeko nonewadi lwethu. Ndihlaba ikhwee10 ke kubo bonke abathandi bonewadi nolwimi lwethu ukuba benze konke abanakho ukukwenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba 10 mngeni uyasatyelwa.
Kwakhona apha kukhokela uLaetitia Kakaza ngenovelana yakhe ethi Intyatyambo yomzi apho azoba ubomi bentwazana elwa neenzingo nezilingo ide iyokusutywa kukufa. Incwadi kaSinxo ethi Umzali wolahleko ixubusha umbandela wokufadalala kwengqeqesho emakhaya neziphumo zaloo nto. NekaTamsanqa ethi Inzala kaMlungisi iwa phantsi kwaloo mngxilo.
Ngokuphathelele kwindlela yezembali nobomi bomntu singatsho ukuthi uJordan unolwazi olunzulu nolungummangaliso lwamasiko neziithethe zamaMpondomise.
Mfundise umntwana ngendlela efanele umntwana naxa athe wamkhulu akasayi kumka kuyo.
Apha imbongi inika into engaphiliyo iimpawu zobuntu, ithethe nayo okanye ngayo ngathi yinto engumntu. Siyabona xa athi uJolobe kwintlaakohlaza, "siyakubulisa", "uyancuma", "uyahleka" njalo njalo (p. 23).
Ingxaki nokubawela isikhundla nemali ngumxholo obonakala kakuhle kwinewadi kaSiwisa ethi Uyinkulu kabani (1979) kanti nakwinewadi kaMbulawa ethi Mamfene (1962) nekaNtloko ethi UNgodongwana (1961). Yona ekaMtingane ethi Inene nasi isibhozo (1965) ibonisa iingozi zesithembu?
Umzekelo wenkolo yethu yale mihla ngokufa singawufumana kuumbongo kaYako othi "Ixilongo lokugqibela". La mbongo uchaza gca ngale nkolo yethu intsha yobuKrestu ihamba ingqubana naleya yethu yamanduula yezinyanya. Kude kube namhlanje nje abantu bantlu-mbini. Kusekho abanamatheleyo kwinkolo yookhokho babo, ukanti kukho abo bathi bagqobhokile okanye bafundisiwe, ngoko ke bamkele le nkolo yobuKrestu.
Aba ban tu abakafikeleli kumgangatho wokuba banikwe izikhundla zokuthenjwa.
Uninzi lwemidlalwana kaSiwisa, kwincwadi ethi Imidlalo yokulingaaniswa, luzele buburharha kodwa ngaphaya kobo burharha kukho udaba olubalulekileyo eza nalo kumfundi. Nakule midlalwana yakhe kunqabile ukufumana ngaphezu kwabalinganiswa abahlanu. Kumdlalwana othi "UMaphelo" bane kuphela. Kothi "USonqwelo" bangaphezu kwesihlanu kodwa abanye banendima engephi apha emdlalweni.
Naxa ifuthe lesihobe saseNtshona libonakala kwisihobe sesiXhosa sezi mini, asinakho ukusimilisela ngokupheleleyo isihobe sesiXhosa kuthende IwaseNtshona. Ukuba senza loo nto siya kuba siyasibulala isihobe sethu kuba kukho izinto ezikuso ezingafaniyo nezikwisihobe saseNtshona. Nangani sisitsho, kuyafuneka kona ukuba iimbongi zethu ziyiqwalasele imigqalisela ebanzi yokubhalwa kwesihobe sanamhla ukuba zifuna ukuphakamisa umgangatho wesihobe sethu.
Ibalana ngumsebenzi obhaliweyo wobugcisa onokuthi ufundwe ngexeeshana elingephi ugqitywe. Naxa ibali elifutshane kufuneka libethe koozeelekazi, umfundi kufuneka akuve ukuchukumiseka kornxhelo wakhe lelo bali. Kufuneka libe naso isimo sentlalo, uthende lokubalisa, isakhiwo, ithoni, abalinganiswa, umelo okanye isimbolizim, ungquzulwano nomxholo. Ingxoxo ikwabalulekile kumabalana. Uninzi lwezi mpawu kufuneka lubonakale kusekutsha ebalini. Loo nto ithetha ukuthi ukuqupha noqulungano zizinto ezibaluleke ngokukodwa kumabalana amafutshane.
Kwinewadi Izinto zimana ukwenzeka uvuthondaba silufumana apho uNovusile aye wathi ngenxa yokuziphatha kakubi ethandana nesela bathi beseseluyolweni bebethwa ngumoya, suka imoto abebekhwele kuyo yangqubana nenye kuhola wendlela ophakathi kweRhini neNgqushwa. Waphantsa waphulukana nobomi bakhe apho uNovusile.
Xa ndikhangele ngathi ubomi bomntu ngamnye buthiwe thekenee entendeni endiyifanisa neli eangea kuthiwa ngesiNgesi yidraftboard ukuze iziganeko ezihamba nobom bomntu zimane ukuhlengahlengiswa nguJowo wasidaJayo kanye oku komdJali waJo mdJaJo, emana ukuehwetha-ehwetha ezi ngqaJumbana zide ziye kuyo. Icangea nezi ngqalumbana ngumntu neziganeko zobomi bakhe ukuze umdlaJi ibe nguMdali wethu yena ulaziyo ikamva Jethu.
EkaMtuze incwadi ethi Itsili yenye yeencwadi zemidlalo ezivele mva kweli thuba. Enye yezinto esibonisa zona kukungabi naxabiso komtshato kule mihla kwabo baphethe intlalo yabantu abaMnyama. Imithetho yamapasi ezidolophini izele iidivosi eziliqela nentlungu engathethekiyo emakhayeni. Mininzi neminye imixholo exutyushwa ngulo kaMtuze kule ncwadi, mixholo leyo ejongene nemeko yomntu oMnyama kweli lizwe.
Njengokuba besekutshiwo, kuyabonakala ukuba eli "bali" lithi "AmaRarabe agxwala emswaneni ngonina" sisincoko esibalisayo; asiloobali lifutshane ngokolu hlobo silazi ngalo ibali elifutshane. Zisuka nje, umbhali usebenzisa ingxoxo, nto ke leyo eluphawu lwesincoko. Yonke loo nto uyilungiselela ngentetho ethi "imbula-mbethe enje imfanele uNina wamaRarabe jikelele".
Xa zibhala ngobuhle, iirnbongi ezininzi zisebenzisa intyatyambo ngakurnbi inyibiba. Kulo mba ziye zifane noWordsworth othanda ukuboonga ngeentyatyambo. lmizekelo esinayo yekaManyase kurnbongo wakhe othi "Phakathi kweenyibiba" apho asixelela ngephupha lakhe phakathi kweenyibiba, nto leyo ecacileyo ukuba uthetha ngamagqiyazana athile. Loo nto sikwayibona ngokusuka acishe enye yezo nzwakazi athethe nayo ngorntshato. Kuwo wonke 10 rnbongo usebenzisa irnifanekiso-ntelekelelo etyibela loo ntornbi.
UCohen (1973:69) ut hi uvuthondaba "is the highest and most important point toward which the chain of events in the rising action have been movving".
Kwisitanza sesibini ubonisa ukuba ilizwe lonke lilahlekelwe kukushiiywa kwethu yile ncutshe. Uyaziwa eMelika, andithethi eAfrika zizingqala, ukanti kowabo kuTsolo bazilile kukushiywa kwabo ngumntwana welizwe. Esi sithonga sizibethe zanxuba, zaxubayela ezinye iingcaphephe neeProfesa kuba kaloku akukudala sivakele esinye isithonga ngokuwa kukaJili, ukanti yen a uMatthews usazingile ukubonakala emehlweni, akavumi kusithela.
Heese, M. & Lawton, R.
Umsehenzi ogqityiweyo wohugcisa ungachazwa njengesakhiwo esinxiiheleleneyo, into ethetha ukuthi izithako eziwakhayo zithungelene zenza into enye endindeneyo. Zonke ezo zithako ziyadihana zihamhise naziphi na izimvo neengcinga ezithwelwe ngaloo magama. Loo magama anol<.uudweliswa ahe yimiqolo nto ke leyo eyenza isakhiwo esithile somhongo esinezitanza, isingqi okanye isingqisho, imifanekiso-ntelekelelo nemvanoosiphelo. Kusetyenziswa iindlela ngeendlela zophinda-phindo, imfanoozandi nokuhekwa kwamagama kwiindawo ezithile apha emhongweni ukwenza isakhiwo. Ezo ke ziimpawu ezithi zalathe ukuha imo yombongo injani na yaye zidihanisa isihohe sehlahathi liphela nokuha sesaseNtshona okanye esaseMpuma okanye esaseAfrika.
Ndingatyibela ndithi Ingqumbo yeminyanya yinoveli equlunqwe ngoobugcisa. Isakhiwo sayo sithe gca yaye akukho masolotya angangeni ndawo ebalini njengoko unokufumanisa kunjalo kwiincwadi ezifana neTyala lamawele likaMqhayi.
Idlule kuye le ndebe, baphel' ubunzima, 'Azi ndenzeni na emhlabeni, ndithwel' ubunzima Mayidlule le ndebe, Thixo Somandla'?
Njengokuba senditshilo, incwadi kaPeteni ethi Kwazidenge yincwadi emo iyodwa. Kwasentloko siboniswa intombi enguZuziwe iyeyona nzwakazi yakha yaba ntle kwilali yakowayo kwaZidenge. Sifumanisa nokuba kukho ubutshaba obugqubayo phakathi kwesizwe samaHlubi nesabaThembu. Loo nto siyiva ngomlomo kaDiliza, inkwenkwe yesizwe samaHlubi.
Xa uqwalasela umbongo kaNqakula othi "Inyibiba enyathelweyo" wofumanisa ukuba laa mvano-siphelo yeokthevu ifumaneka ngqo yaye kulaa mba wengxoxo ekufuneka uveziwe kuyo, ndibona 10 kaNqakula ebonakalisa intlungu akuyo kuba ebonene nale nzwakazi abonga ngayo seyiphelelwe bubuhle bayo ngenxa yezimanga zalo mhlaba, atsho esithi ukuba yena ebeyibone ithuba liselihle ngebenakho ukuyiphatha kakuhle. Nesestethi nayo ivele yaphuma nje kakuhle kuyo. Simbona umbhali etshiintsha ngoku ebuzixolisa ngeliqalekisayo kodwa. Yindlela anokuthi adambise ngayo intlungu akuyo ngokuthi aqalekise 10 mntu wonakalise le nzwakazi. Imele ukuba ngolo hlobo ke eyesiTaliyane isonethi xa athe umbhali wayilandela ngobunjalo bayo.
Kwintetho yakhe uBaw' uMpinda la uyayidulisa mpela into yokuba ubudoda asiyonto yokuba ube ubumbonile ubani esaluka phi xa bekutheni, okanye makahambe ezibhengeza ukuba ngoku uyindoda koko yimisebenzi yakhe emchazayo. Ude athi, "Indoda kwaXhosa ayibhalwaanga magxeni okanye ebunzi ukuba iyindoda, koko ibonwa ngezenzo, isimo ke ukutsho" (Mtuze, 1976:47).
UNobantu wamgqogqa iindlebe kakhulu uCikizwa ngobu buyatha bakhe bokuhamba emamela yonke into. Kwalo Nobantu nguye oququzelela itheko lomfana wakowabo ofuna ukuzazisa koogxa bakhe ukuba uyindooda. Kwelo theko uNobantu ucinge ngenkonde uMpinda ukuba enziwe is iithethi sembeko, athethe ngobudoda. UNobantu ukhetha eli xhego kuba esazi ukuba linengqondo eehubekileyo, liza kubasila bonke abantlakaantlaka batsho baeoleke.
Ifuthe labahambisi-lizwi laya lavakala kwabo bathi bahlangana nabo njeengoko ezinye zezi nc~adi sizikhankanyileyo zibonisa. UH.M. Ndawo waabhala incwadi ethi Uhambo lukaGqobhoka elandela ekhondweni lencwaadi kaJohn Bunyan ethi Pilgrim's Progress. Nayo le ncwadi kaNdawo izoba ukuphuma komntu kwintlalo yobuhedeni esiya kweyobuKrestu. Nale ayibhale mva uNdawo incwadi ithi UNomathamsanqa noSigebenga ikwaxubusha umbandela wezenkolo - ukulahlekiswa komntu yimimoya engendawo.
Ukulungiselela esi sincoko, ndithabathe ababhali abane, ndaphonononga, ndahlalutya iincwadi zabo ezahlukeneyo zamavo. Aba babhali ke nguJ.J.R. Jolobe kwincwadi yakhe ethi Amavo, uA. Madala kwincwadi Amavo amafutshane, uW.K. Tamsanqa kwincwadi Imitha yelanga, noG.S. Budaza kwincwadi yakhe ethi Khawufan' ucinge. Kodwa ke phambi kokuba ndiijongane nezi ncwadi ndothanda ukukhe ndibe buphambuka kancinane phofu injongo ephambili ikukuzingela umnombo ngobhalo lwamavo, ndiqwalasele nobungakanani bawo ukususela ekuzalweni kwawo ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje. Kunjalonje kuphawuleka nokuba ababhali basebeenzisa iindlela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ekubhaleni izincoko zabo.
Mandibuye ndilitsolise elithi naxa ndizame ngangoko ndinakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba izimvo ezivakaliswe apha zezabafundi ngokwenene, kusenakho ukwenzeka ukuba kukho iindawo apho baphenjelelwe ziinewadi ezithile abangandazisanga ngazo. Ubutyala ngaloo nto ndibuphosa kwakubo njengokuba nezimvo ezivakaliswa apha izezabo, ingezizo ezam mna mhleli. Ukuba loo ngxaki yenzekile, ndiyicelela uxolo yaye ndiya kuthanda ukuyaziswa ukuze ndibe nokuzixela izimvo ezizezaabanye abantu. Xa nditshoyo ndithetha apho kucatshulwe ngokungqalileyo kumsebenzi womnye umntu kwaza akwabikho nto icacisayo.
Ke kaloku nento eseyize kundindulula Gubevu yinkohla ngonyana lowo wethu kuba okoko wathi kuthi, Phuthumani umfazi wam uza ekhayeni waba uyayolela. Akabhali, akathumeli mali, akathini. Yaye ikwayiloo nto nakumninawa wakhe.
Drama, like the novel and the short story, is an art of connflict. The key character or characters must find themmselves involved in difficulties which they want to bend to their wjJl.
Unomathotholo uneempawu ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ezimahlula kumdlalo weqonga, mpawu ezo eziluncedo ekuyileni olunye uhlobo lomdlalo. Ngenxa yokuba umdlalo woonomathotholo ungaboni, ulungiseelelo lwamazwi kunye nezandi zizinto ezibalulekileyo ukulola ingqikelelo yomphulaphuli. USaule uzivelele kakuhle kakhulu ezo nkalo kwimidlalo yakhe.
Umdla kweli nqanaba usekubeni umlinganiswa oyintloko okanye onguumchasi, kanti nabanye, kwenzeka ntoni kubo. Abanye ababhali abafana noQangule, kumdlalo othi Amaza, basishiya sisathe manga ukuba kude kwathini na. K wincwadi kaMtuze siziva sanelisekile ukubona uNzame evuma ngomlomo wakhe ubukhulu bukaLanga, ade naye azicelele uxolo. UZwilakhe kwincwadi kaTamsanqa ethi Buzani kubawo simbona eshiyeeka elikheswa, uGugulethu emshiye emxolele engamkhalazeli nganto.
Ebalini sifurnana urnlinganiswa oyintloko ozama-zamana neerneko zoborni ezirndobelelayo. Isirno sentlalo sinempernbelelo naso kwizinto ezenzekayo ebalini. Ukuba ibali lenzeka kumrnandla weedolophu, siya kuhlangana nolwaphulo-rnthetho nezinye izinto ezihamba naloo ntlalo kanti uborni basezilalini siya kububona ngokukhwelwa kwamahashe, ulirno nezinye izinto ezizoba intlalo yasernaphandleni.
Into ephambili eqaphelekayo kumabalana kaNeamashe kukuba kukho ukuzakuzelelana okukhulu phakathi kokubalisa nokuxoxa kumabali akhe. Uninzi lwezi mbali sithi ngamabalana sifumanisa ukuba eneneni zizineoko ezibalisayo, asingomabalana ngokolu hlobo siwazi ngalo. Umzekelo ophambili waloo nto ngulo: "AmaRarabe agxwala emswaneni ngonina", nelithi "USosobose".
Okokuqala ivakala iyeyabantu abaqhelekileyo yaye ibafanele abantu bayo. Le nto siyibona nakwindlela uXolani abizana ngayo nomkakhe. Babizana ngamagama, nto ke leyo engangenwanga ngumZima of una ukuba bahloniphane ngokwesiXhosa. Okwesibini, kunika umdla ukubona umahluko phakathi kwabo malunga nokutshata nokwenda.
Ithoni lolunye uphawu olubalulekileyo lombongo kuba isibonisa ukuba imbongi ibhala ikwimeko enjani na, icinga ntoni na ngaloo nto ibhala ngayo. Eli gama singatsho ukuthi sisikweko, kuba lisusela kwithoni yelizwi lomntu kwiimeko ngeemeko akuzo (Brooks noWarren 1976:112-115).
UloThixo oMkhulu ngosezulwini Unguwena-wena, Khakalenyan~o Unguwena-wena, Nqaba yenyaniso Unguwena-wena, Hlathi lenyaniso Unguwena-wena, uhlel' enyangwaneni.
Ndingowaphi mna kanye kanye Ndixeleleni. Abakuthi bayandibukula bandalatha ngezithupha, 'Lirhanuga' bade batsho ngelo gama libuthuka, Ezintilini, emimangweni kuvuth' isigculelo..?
Zininzi kakhulu iinoveli zesiXhosa, andinakuzibala zonke apha kodwa ndizamile ukubonisa ukuba zixubusha imixholo ngemixholo endinetheemba lokuba umfundi uya kuziphandela ezo ndingabanga nalo ithuba lokugqabaza ngazo.
Le nto ibonisa ukuba uFikele apha emzini wakhe uphala emva. Izinto ziqala kwinkosikazi yakhe, nto leyo ephuhlisa ifuthe namandla kaNomthunzi.
UQangule uzamile nokubhala iisonethi. Kambe amalinge akhe akakhangeleki ephumelele kuba iisonethi zakhe azihambi ngokwemimisee10 yeesonethi zesiTaliyane okanye ezesiNgesi.
Incoko en de phakathi kukaCikizwa noLanga ibonisa ukuba uLanga akanadyudyu ngobudoda bakhe, kangangokuba xa kucaca ukuba uCikizwa unokungamthembi unokusuka ahambe ngayibonayo. Akanaxhala, uyayiithetha nakuye Cikizwa into yokuba walukele esibhedlele. Iyamxaka ke ngoku yena Langa into yokusuka kucace ukuba uyathandabuzeka. Abe ke phofu engenanto angayenzayo xa uCikizwa enguTomas, yena akazithaandabuzi ngobudoda bakhe.
Abazali bakaGugulethu bayibona iyimfanelo yabo ukuba bagqibe ukuba uGugulethu makatshate nabani na.
Apho kukho inguqulelo eluntwini kunyanzelekile ukuba kubekho ungquzulwano lweembono malunga nemibandela ethile. Le nguqulelo kuxoxwa ngayo kule ncwadi ibonakala kakhulu kule mihla ngakumbi kukho ingxaki enkulu yokusweleka kwabakhwetha esuthwini. Yiyo loo nto ibangela ukuba abantu abanjengoLanga bacinge ngezinye iindlela zookwenza eli siko. Kubalulekile nokuba uluntu luhambe namaxesha njengoLanga 10 naxa aye waphatheka kakubi elixhoba loluntu lwakhe olungafuni kuguquka.
Libhalwe ngesiNgesi nguNksk. G.N. Mrubata, 1993.
Okwesibini, kukho izincoko ezichaza nje izinto, iziganeko okanye iziimvo (descriptive essays). UMadala uyayithanda le ndlela yokubhala, umzekelo: "Ubuhle", "Ulundi lokhahlamba", "UMzimvubu", "Nguwo ngumtshato", nezinye. UJolobe yena usichazela ngevenkile yangaphandle.
Xa sihlalutya uCikizwa kwakule ne wadi Umdlanga, umbhali ubaveze noLanga uthando lwabo luvutha kwaye selukwinqanaba eliphezulu. ULanga sele eyithe thsuphe kunina into yokuba kukho intombi eseyiimphandlile eSada. Umbhali umzobe wamhle kakhulu uCikizwa yaye wazithanda nezolonwabo. Seso sizathu kanye esamenza ukuba imatriki angayiphumeleli. Uyintombi esisisweli-kuqonda kuba ulukuhleka msinyane yintlebendwane engakhange afumane bungqina bupheleleyo obuxhasa isigqibo afikelele kuso. Ifuthe lakhe liza ngendlela embi kuba akuva ukuba uLanga yinkwenkwe wabhebhetha akabi safuna nokumbona. Simbona ezibandakanya neentshaba zikaLanga, nazo zatsho zafumana amandla okumtyabeka ngento angeyiyo. Ubonakala elibhetye-bhetye, exhomekeke kwabanye abantu ukuba bamthathele isigqibo. Uzenza isisuulu sooNzame, walahla uLanga ngaphandle kwesizathu.
UMtuze ugxininise kuqulungano nokuthi gca kwezinto ekubaliseni amabali akhe. NgokukaPretorius noSwart (1984:12) ukubetha koozelekazi kuthetha inkcazd nengxoxo esetyenziswe ngobungcathu 10 gama kwangee10 xesha kugxininiswa kwezo ziganeko okanye izenzo ezibalulekileyo. UMtuze ukwenza oku ngokunxulumene nezinye iimfuneko zebali elifuutshane. Ibali elithi "Abahlobo ababini" lisekelwe ngaseNoupoort. Naxa kunganatywanga kuyaphi ngesi simo sentlalo, sinendima esiyenzileyo ekunabiseni intsingiselo yeli bali. Ikhephu libonakalisa ubudlelane obuulicongco phakathi kwabantu kwelinye icala, kanti likwamele nobunyulu obufihlakeleyo. Esebenzisa iziganeko (Cohen, 1973:18), uMtuze ubonisa indlela abathe abalinganiswa ababini bezizwe ezibini ezahlukileyo bahlangana benza ubuhlobo obutsha baguqula neendlela ebebejongene ngazo ngaphambili. Kweli bali 10 kaMtuze ukwaphumelele ekuzobeni abalinganiswa bakhe kuba siyabona ukuba ibali liphela 10 mfo uMhlophe ebonakalisa inguqulelo esimeni sakhe kanye njengoko esitsho uPerrine (1976:9).
UBrooks noWarren (1976:1) basibona isihobe njengendlela yokuthetha eyodwa, ndlela leyo abathi abaninzi abangekayiqheli bayithathe njeengendlela yokuthetha engaqhelekanga. Loo nto ibangelwa kukuba isingqi, imvano-siphelo nezafobe zizinto ezinokukhangeleka zingaqhelekanga okanye eziphazamisayo kwabanye abantu abafuna ibali elithe tse bona. Ezi ngcali zisichaza isihobe njengesingqisho esivakala ezindlebeni. Isandi ke sibalulekile kwisihobe yaye isingqi ngumgqalisela obalulekileyo ebomini nakuyo nayiphi na intshukumo.
Kwicala lesakhiwo singatsho ukuthi inoveli kaJordan yakhiwe ngendlela eqhelekileyo ehamba ngolu hlobo. Kuqala ingabula-zigcawu, kulandele ukujiya kwezinto, kuye kuvutho-ndaba, kugqibele isiphetho. Le noveli kaJordan iqulunqwe ngendlela eyenza ukuba nawuphi na umntu ongqondo iphaphileyo angabi nabunzima ukuzibona ezo zigaba.
Uyaya emzini 10 gama engafunwa nguloo myeni. Okwesibini, usa abaantwana abangengabo abale ndoda kuyo eMthatha. Kanye njengexhwane phambi kwabaxheli balo, uphetha esithi, "Mayenzek' intando yakho" UGugulethu liqhayiya lewabo. Naye ubonakalisa ukubathobela abazali bakhe, nto leyo esiyibona ngokusuka aphinda-phinde amazwi athi "Buzani kubawo" akubuzwa into. Oku kuthobeka kwakhe kungqinwa nanguyise ngale mini acela ukuba ijaji igwebe yena endaweni yonyana wakhe.
Into ethethwa ngabalinganiswa ngabanye nayo iveza isimo saloo mlingaaniswa kuthethwa ngaye.
Inewadi kaD.M. Jongilanga ethi Ndiyekeni (1975) isingethe enye ingxaki yezentlalo - ubundlamanzi kwiititshala ngarnaxesha esikolo kanti nokunyotywa kwamalungu eekomiti zesikolo ndawonye neengxaki ezizalwa kukufuduka kwabantu ezilalini baye kwirnimandla yeedoloophu.
Ukuhlela okubhaliweyo asikuko ukukhuphela nje into koko maxa wambi umhleli uyanyanzeleka ukuba aguzule iindawo ezithile ngenxa yokonga isithuba. Nalapha loo nto yenzekile apho ndibone kuyimfuneko khona. Lilonke ezi zineoko zilungiselelwe le njongo intsha ngoku yokuba zifundwe nguye wonke ubani, hayi iingeali kuphela.
Kungumdla ukuphawula ukuba umxholo wokwaphuka nokuqhwalela kwengqeqesho ebesihlangene nawo ngaphambili ubuya uvuke nakubaabhali bamva. Umzekelo woko yincwadi kaMtuze ethi UDingezweni apho sifumana ukwenzakaliswa kwenkwenkwana luyekelelo olukhoyo kwingqeqesho yomnye wabazali bayo. Iziphumo ezi zenguqulelo ziyaabonakala nakwincwadi kaBongela ethi Alitshoni lingenandaba apho sifuumana khan a ukonakala kwezimo zabantu.
Ungquzulwano olukulo mdlalo luqhutyelwa phambili yincoko yabaliinganiswa. Glu ngquzulwano kwincwadi ethi Umdlanga silubona phakathi kukaLanga noyise okholelwe mpela ukuba inye indlela eya ebudodeni, kukwalukela ebhumeni. Siyayibona inguqulelo kwiimbono zikayise njeengokuba umdlalo ucombuluka.
Naxa abalinganiswa abathabatha inxaxheba emdlalweni banokuba ngaabantu ngokwendlela yabo, basenakho nokuba bayimifuziselo nje kuphela. Bazizixhobo ezibonakalisa izinto abanokuba zizo abantu.
UMaKhwetshube noMamNzotho kule ncwadi yimizekelo emihle yabantu abangaminxwanga sisini sabo, oko kukuthi ubufazi babo. Sibona kubo kukho iimpawu ezidibanisa imisebenzi yobufazi neyobudoda kungekho lucalu-calulo (Craig, 1976:140). Ngamakhosikazi akwaziyo ukuyimela into ayifunayo, anemisebenzi ethile ayenzayo, ayakwazi ukuthatha izigqibo kanti kuyo yonke loo nto anobubele nobuntu.
Ngenxa yokuba uQangule eyimbongi yezi mini, nambongi eyasesikoolweni, uzisebenzise kanobom ezi ndlela zimbini njengoko sibona kwincwadi yakhe ethi Intshuntshe. Usebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela zookwenza isakhiwo sesihobe sakhe. Ngenxa yaloo nto, isihobe sakhe siingasahlula sibe zizintlu ezintathu. Kuluhlu lokuqala, usebenzisa izitanza apho asebenzisa inani lamalungu elilinganayo kwimiqolo yakhe, abuye asebenzise inani elilinganayo lemiqolo kwizitanza, njengoko sibona kuumbongo othi "Ukubonga". Uluhlu lunemiqolo engalinganiyo ngenani kwisitanza ngasinye, umzekelo "Intlakohlaza". Okwesithathu, usizamile nesakhiwo sesonethi. UQangule ubonakalisa unxibelelwano olukhulu phakathi kokuqulathwe sisihobe sakhe nesakhiwo saso ngokuthi asebeenzise amagama akhethiweyo.
Imfene kaDebeza neminye imidlalwana kaG.B. Sinxo yingqokelela yemidlalwana emifutshane. Umbhali uxubusha imibandela ngemibandela kuyo.
Kwinewadi Inzonzobila uvuthondaba silufumana xeshikweni uDlangisa enze iyelenqe laphumelela lokuba kutshiswe ivenkile eyayiza kunikezeelwa kuZinzo. Kwesi senzo watyhola uZinzo ukuba nguye umenzi wobubi. Wenza nezinye izinto ezikhohlakeleyo kuZinzo.
Kungatshona amalanga sicubungula ukuyelelana nokwahluka phakathi kwezi mbongi zimbini. Abanye bade baphukaneke bathi le ikope kuleya kanti thina sibona ukuba kufuthelwene apha, into ke leyo eqhelekileyo kubhalo-ncwadi. Into entle ngezi mbongi zimbini kukuba zombini ziphumelele, asingooxam bephaxulana. Akatsho na amaXhosa ukuthi intaka yakha ngoboya benye?
Kwizinto ezininzi endizichaphazele ekuqaleni, ndikhe ndayichaaphazela into yokuba umxholo encwadini uthi uqaqanjiswe ngokuthi ubathungele abalinganiswa. Kule ncwadi ithi Vmdlanga sivula nje umbhali usivulela 'ngoFikele, utata wekhaya, omele icala elisadla ngeendebe endala, ekunye nenkosikazi yakhe uNomthunzi ekuvele kwacaca zibekwa nje ukuba yona ayitshayi tu ngaloo nqawa kaFikele, yona iphila kumaxesha okhanyo.
Ndinqwenela ukuyivavanya le ndlela ngokusebenzisa incwadi kaJordan ethi Ingqumbo yeminyanya ndibonise izinto endizithandayo nezinto endingaziginyi kakuhle kuyo.
Kwakulo mhobe imbongi ivakalisa umyalezo wokuba ubutyebi beli lizwe mabuxhanyulwe ziindidi zonke zabantu ezincedisileyo ekubuuveliseni. Ayithethwa poqo le nto, iyakwekwa.
Ngokutsho kukaMarie Heese noLawton (1988:126-127), urnxholo nguumbandela ongundoqo ajongene nawo umbhali womdlalo nathi ahambise udaba lwakhe ngawo ngebali lakhe nesakhiwo salo. Ingxoxo malunga nomxholo ke ixubusha imicimbi eyandlalwa ngumbhali, iqwalasele nendlela eyanekwe ngayo loo micimbi.
DIu uhlobo lwesonethi lunemvano-siphelo ethi iyahlula-hlule isonethi ibe ziziqendu ezibini zemiqolo esibhozo nemithandathu. Imiqolo yokuqala esibhozo ibizwa ngokuba yiokthevu yaye ithoni yona idityaniswe ndaweninye yimvano-siphelo eyile: abba abba. Into ebalulekileyo ke ngale mvano-siphelo kwiokthevu kukuba kulapho sithi sityhilelwe ngengxoxo yombongo. Imigca elandelayo emithandathu yona ibizwa ngokuba yiseestethi ize ibe nale mvano-siphelo ede ede okanye cdc dcd kungenjalo kuthiwe ede dee.
Emva kokufunda isincoko esibhalwe ngesiNgesi nguMnu. Baerhom sisithi "Ukubuyela esikolweni", ndiifikelwe zezi ngcinga.,.
Isimo sentlalo sikwabalulekile emdlalweni kuba sisibonisa indawo elenzeka kuyo ibali, ndawo leyo ethi iphembelele nezimo zabalinganiswa. Siyabona kulo mdlalwana uthi "Umsesane" ukuba umZima waphenjeleelwa ziimeko zikaphum' aphele ukuba angahlali nosapho lwakhe, nto ke leyo eyazala ukuba aluthi tya ekugqibeleni. UXolani ufumana kwale ngxaaki, emva kweminyaka yahlela uyise, kodwa yena ugqiba ekubeni ayilwe, angahlulwa nomkakhe.
Kunyanzelekile ukuba ndigxininise ekubalulekeni kokuba ibali elifuutshane libethe koozelekazi, nto leyo ethetha ukuthi umbhali kufuneka aquphe. Okw~sibini, loo nto ithetha ukuthi kufuneka azikhethe izinto aza kuthetha ngazo, azilandelelanise ngendlela ethile eya kwenza umdla. Isigama sakhe kufuneka ke ngoko siehan' uewethe ukuze ibali lakhe lingqamane nengeaciso kaDlamini enikwe nguMtuze (1986:9) ethi, "Ibali elifutshane yimbali equphayo ebhalwe ngeprowuzi."
Kubalulekile ukuba siqale ngolu phawu kuba lunxulumene nesingqi soombongo. Le mfano-zandi ihamba nonxulumaniso lwezandi ezithile. Ezinye ziphakathi emqolweni kanti ezinye zisekupheleni kwemiqolo. Imvano-siphelo ayiqaqambanga kuyaphi kuninzi lwemibongo yesiXhosa naxa zikho iimbongi eziyisebenzisileyo. Ingxaki ibangelwa kukuba isiXhosa sixhomekeke kwimvakalo-zwi, into ethetha ukuthi usenokuba namagama aphela ngokufanayo xa ebhaliwe kanti akabizeki ngokufanayo.
Imfano-zandi isenokuba luphinda-phindo lwamaqabane okanye uphindaaphindo lwezikhamiso, ngakumbi kumalungu anogxininiso.
Eyakhe ifilosofi yoborni uKS.
iintaka ezenza umonakalo eluntwini.
Kwakwesi sigaba sifumana uninzi lwabalinganiswa: uZwilakhe, uMaGaba, uNomampondomise nabanye.
Kumele ukuba kucacile kule ngxoxo ukuba le ndlela yohlalutyo ifumaneeka kakhulu kubafundi kuba iyinxalenye yesigaba sokuvuthwa kwamandla ohlalutyo-ncwadi. Ihamba nokuzama komntu ukuthungulula nokuqingqa izimvo zakhe ngemibandela ethile yoncwadi. Abahlalutyi bayayithanda kuba ixhomekeke kuphela ekubeni umntu uthanda okanye akathandi ntoni na kwincwadi ethile. Le ndlela iqhelekile kakhulu kwimibuzo yeemviwo nakumanqaku okuhlalutya iincwadi nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe luncedo kubantu abaninzi abajongene noko.
Kwibalana elithi "UBabini noSilwanyana" sibona uqulungano olukhuulu apho zonke ezi mpawu zisebenzisana kakuhle nokuzotywa kwabaliinganiswa. Naxa indawo elenzeka kuyo ibali iseSomerset West, uBabini ngumntu onyuka esihla ezitalatweni efuna uSilwanyana. UCohen (1973:29) uya.yingqina into yokuba ukuguqu-guquka kwesimo sentlalo kunokubonakalisa imo yengqondo yomlinganiswa. Le nto iyabonakala kuBabini. Iziganeko zindululwa kukubulawa komkakhe. Emva koko unyuuka esihla esithi ufuna loo mbulali. Ibali lifikelela kuvutho-ndaba ngokuthi uBabini ade amfumane loo mbulali ekuthe kanti nguye buqu. Wonke 10 gama sibona umlinganiswa onongquzulwano kuye ngaphakathi. Le nto isisa kwiimbono zikaFreud ezibonakalisa ukuba kukho izinto ezingaaphakathi emntwini ezimqhubela kwiimeko ngeemeko (Craig, 1983:44). Le mbono sikwayibona nalapha kwigama lalo mlinganiswa kuba umele amacala amabini emo yomntu, elihle nelibi.
Izinto ziyajiya. Umlinganiswa oyintloko ujongana nomchasi wakhe. UCikizwa ohluthi intlebendwane yooNzame uzimisele ukumala uLanga, yaye aye kunika ingxelo ngaye kubachasi bakhe abazakuzelelayo.
Le ngxelo yezono yenzeka xa urnlinganiswa evurna ityala lakhe kubaphuulaphuli okanye ababukeli-rndlalo. Urnzekelo waloo nto siwufumana ekupheleni kwencwadi uBuzani kubawo apho uZwilakhe avurna ukuba nguye obangele yonke le ntlekele.
Kungentsuku zatywala kwagaleleka enye incwadi ethi Imibengo ngokubhalwa nguBennie. Ngomnyaka ka-1940 uJolobe wawunyusa umgangatho wobhalo lwamavo ngokuthi abhale incwadi yakhe exhome kakhulu ngomgangatho ethi Amavo. Yahlahleka ke indlela kuba ukususela ngoko yaba ngumtyangampo zithontelana iincwadi ziphuma nkalo zonke.
The story "UZizi uzuzwe nguZulu" is a typical example of a peculiar hybrid form consisting of three and a half pages descriptive commentary and two and a half pages narrative. "USozizwe kwaRarabe" is another clear example of a narrative essay describing events connectted with the arrival of King George VI in the Eastern Cape in 1947.
Ngokutsho kweengeali. ithuba lonewadi elalekela unyaka we-1950 lithathwa njengethuba lokudubula konewadi lwethu. Kulapha apho sathi isigqubuthelo sabaharnbisi-lizwi sahlutywa salahlwa phantsi. ukuba asizange sisuswe urnphelo. Kukweli thuba esibona ifuthe elidala lenkonzo lilahlelwa phaya. nto leyo eyatsho arnandla okudala izinto ababhali abonakala. Njengokuba sesitshilo, iidrarna ezininzi zisingethe irnicirnbi yentlalo ngaphezu kweyeepolitiki kuba eli thuba yayilithuba lokugqugqisa kwernpatho yabaMhlophe, nto leyo eyayitsho kwanzirna kubabhali ukwaneka izirnvo zabo.
Kwincwadi ethi Kwazidenge ndicinga ukuba uvutho-ndaba luphaya kulaa ndawo uthando lukaZuziwe noBhuqa lwaphula izikeyi, kude kuthi gqi isisu. UZuziwe uzame ngako konke ukuyifihla le nto kuNtabeni, wenza amacebo alusizi ekhupha eso sisu, waphetha esweleka.
Libhalwe ngesiNgesi nguNksz. K.P. Rungqu, 1990.
Zikho iziqhulo ezibizwa ngasese ekufuneka umhlekazi engazivanga kuba kaloku zitolika indlela angene ngayo esihlalweni sobukhosi. Iimbongi zomthonyama zikwanayo indlela ezithi zivule ngayo, umzekelo "A-a Gweb' inkundla".
Hay' kodw' iBhilitan' enkulu Yeza' nebhotile nebhayibhile Yeza nomfundis' exhak' ijoni Yeza nerhuluwa nesinandile Yeza nenkanunu nemfakadolo.
Johannesburg: Educum publishers.
ULaetitia Kakaza waba ngumntu wasetyhini wokuqala ukubhala inoveli ngenoveli yakhe ethi UThandiwe wakwaGealeka. Walandelwa nguLiziwe Tsotsi ngenoveli ethi UNtabaziyaduma no V. Swartbooi ngethi UMandisa. Omnye waba babhali bokuqala nguS. Mlotywa ngencwadi yakhe UNozipho. Abalinganiswa baba babhali abaphambili ngabantu abafunda bade babe ziititshala noomabhalana. K wincwadi kaSinxo ethi UNomsa sib ana injongo ebanzi neyanelisa kunene. La mlinganiswa wayo up haambili ngumntu ozimiseleyo kwiinjongo zakhe.
Ukuba uqaphela kakuhle kwakulo mbongo wofumanisa ukuba ukuseetyenziswa kwesiyaleli "Thetha" kubonakalisa ukuba akukho kucenga, kuyayalelwa qha. Ngolo hlobo ke kukhula laa mfanekiso wokudikwa nokukruquka. Isimntwiso asisebenzisileyo umbhali siqaqambisa umfaneekiso wokuba imbongi ayisazimisele konke ukuba ngusithubeni. Imntwisa iAfrika, ithi mayithethe, ithi, "Thetha, Afrika".
Phambi kokuba siqwalasele imibongo ephuma kwincwadi kaNgcangata ethi Ukuphuma' kwelanga (1976), ndifuna ukwalatha into ethi into yokuqala etsala ingqondo ngaye kukuba le ncwadi isungulwa ngemibongo elishumi elinesithandathu eziisonethi. Isonethi ke yinto entsha kuthi maXhosa. Siyabonakala nesimbo sikaQangule kwesi sihobe. Naxa kunjalo, akukho kurhanela kuthi uNgcangata unyibe umsebenzi womnye umbhali. Ezinye iisonethi zityhutyhumeza zibandakanya umbandela omnye othile kanye ngokohlobo oluxelwa nguRowse (1963:428). Ezi sonethi zinezi zihIoko: "Isikolo", "Izifundo", "Ukubhala", "Incwadi", "Ukufunda" , "Ulwimi", "Inkqubela " , "Umhlobo wabantwana. IWAMBA" , njaIo njalo. DIu landelelwano luxeIwa nguRowse luyabonakala kule mibongo yaye luhamba ngokokukhula komntwana.
Ezi zilo nezilwanyana zisetyenziswe njengesimboli ethile ukuqaqambisa gqibi imeko ethile enobungozi.
Kumbongo kaNgcangata othi "Izifundo" zibonakala njengoko kufuneeka zinjalo iikhwatreni ezintathu nekhapleti enye. Kwikhwatreni yokuqala umbhali ubonakalisa ubunzima bokufunda kodwa uphinda uzive ukhululekile xa sowunalo ulwazi. Kweyesibini usixelela ngendlela ekubi ngayo xa umntu ebonakala ukuba akukho nto anayo tu entloko, akanalwazi lwanto. Kweyesithathu uzame ukuvusa abafundi ebabonisa eli dabi libajongileyo lokungazi. Ikhapleti yakhe ke ngoku ishwankathela yonke laa nto ingentla ngesiyalo kubafundi malunga nendlela eyiyo enokuthi ibaphumeze.
K wakhona ke kukho iindlela ezisetyenziswa ngababhali ukubhala amavo. Okokuqala umbhali angasebenzisa agxininise ekuxoxeni xa abhaala ilivo lakhe (argumentative essay). OkaScholes (1969:11) ecatshulwa nguKwetana (1987:12) ugxininisa athi, 'embindini wazo zonke izincoko, kukho ingxoxo edlwengula iingqondo zabafundi.' Umbhali uxoxa abhekise ngqo kumfundi emnxulele kufutshane. Nangona ethetha ngento eyaziwayo neqheleke ngohlobo oluthile, uyakwazi ukujika iingqondo zabafundi zilandele ezo zimvo zakhe ngombandela lowo. Uthanda nokuuzihlakulela izimvo zakhe ngokudibanisa amabalana anxulumene naxhasa oko sukuba ekuxoxa. UJolobe ulusebenzise kakhulu olu hlobo kumavo akhe. Imizekelo: "Ukuzingca ngebandla", "Abantwana ben dIu enye " , "Ukukhalipha", nezinye. Ezinye izincoko ezilolu hlobo zibhalwe nguMadala, umzekelo: "Luqeqesho 010". Yena okaTamsanqa uthi "Ukuxoka" kanti yena uBudaza uthi "Ukuhleka nokuzihleka".
Isilokazi esikhulu seziziba, kanti NguloMakhanda-mahlanu - unyok' enkulu eza ngesivuthe-vuthe.
Umhlaba wokuntshula kwembewu yempixano ulungisiwe nakule inewadi kuba siva kwintetho kaMaThiyane ukuba kukho ungquzulwano lwezimvo olungathi lungabakho. Umbhali kwakhona usazisa ngoNompumelelo ongumongikazi kwisibhedlele saseThafalofefe. ULanga uxela izinyo liqaqamba ufuna ukuzekelwa le ntombi.
Uninzi lwernibongo yesiXhosa luwa phantsi kolu hlobo lwesihobe sithi ziilirikhi. Iirnbongi zethu zinobuchule kulo rnba wesihobe. Zidandalazisa izirnvo zazo ngerniba ngemiba yobomi efana nothando, ukholo, ubuhle, inyaniso nokulunga. Ezo zizinto ezihlala zihleli ebornini babantu.
UTshiwo uthi ubulawa ngamagqwirha. UBhambatha namanye amaphaakathi bathi bona inkosazana inomkhuhlane, umfulawenja.
Masikhe siqwalasele ukuba iimbongi zethu zisebenzise bugcisa buni na ekuqaqambiseni 10 mxholo wokukhalazela ingcinezelo yoNtsundu. Masizekelise ngalo mhobe wento kaMtuze uthi "Uyandazi wena".
UTshiwo ukwazotywe njengomntu obawela inzuzo. Into ebangela ukuba nditsho kukuba wayezithimba iinkomo zaba bantu bagwetyelwe ukubulawa.
Le miqolo nesingqisho zisetyenziswe ukuvakalisa iimhono zemhongi ngengoma.
UForster wahlula ngokucacileyo phakathi kwebali nesakhiwo sebali. Uthi xa achaza isakhiwo " also a narrative of events, the emphasis falling on causality" (Forster, 1954:86).
Amagama athi "lulibo" nelithi "intlahlela" achaza iziqhamo zokuqala, ke ngoko azizafobe. Athwele intsingiselo yento eyodwa nokuba nguvul' indlela kukaSoga kwicala labafundisi abaMnyama. Isifaniso "okwekhwezi lokusa" sibonisa indlela awayesaziwa ngayo uSoga luluntu jikelele.
Ngenxa yokuba isihobe sezi mini kuye kwafuneka sibhalwe phantsi, ingxaki yolwimi iye yawachaphazela amandla embongi okuthetha nabaantu bayo yabelane nabo ngamava ayo. Ngokungafani nakwizibongo zomthonyama zama-Afrika apho imbongi inenkululeko yokuthetha nje loo nto iyicingayo, ulwimi lwesihobe sezi mini luthande kuminxwa yimigaqo yokubhalwa kwesihobe. Ngenxa yokuba iimbongi zezi mini zamaXhosa zingakwazi ukuthetha nabantu bazo, ziye zagqiba ekubeni zibathethele ngokuphathelele kwizinto ezidla umzi.
Kwimidlalo yezembali yesiXhosa siphawula ukuba kukho unxulumano phakathi kwenyaniso nomqwebo njengoko siza kubona kwezi ncwadi zemidlalo zimbini zilandelayo. Eyokuqala ithi Umkhonto kaTshiwo, ibhalwe nguM.A.P. Ngani, eyesibini ithi UNgodongwana ibhalwe nguP.M. Ntloko.
UKhwane wabasindisa aba bantu ethubeni, waqokelela ngaloo ndlela umkhosi omkhulu.
Omnye wemibandela exutyushwa kule ncwadi ziimpembelelo zobuugcisa kwezoshishino kubantu basetyhini ebekunyanzelekile bashiyeke emakhaya 10 gama abayeni baye kuphangela ezidolophini. Kule ncwadi sibabona kakuhle abafazi besenza amatile-tile okuphumelela kule meko ingaginyisi mathe.
Kwincwadi UDingezweni sixelelwa ukuba uNyubatyha uyamona 10 mntwana ngokumfekethisa ngenxa yokuba bamfumana sele bebadala, beengasenathemba lakufumana mntwana. UMaMfene umyale izihlandlo ngezihlandlo ngale ngqeqesho yakhe imbi emntwaneni.
Umdlalo kaSiwisa othi "UMaphelo" uzama ukubonisa izimo ezahlukiileyo zabantu. Njengokuba besikhe satsho, umdlalwana uyakwazi ukuba ziimo ngeemo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuwo kukuba kubekho undindano nengxoxo eyondeleleneyo, yaye kungantyuntywa ngabalinganiswa. Njengokuba ibali ficombuluka siya sisibona isimo sikaMaphelo.
isitanza sisonke masiqulathe umcamango omnye.
Ababhali bazamile ukukhupha imbilini yabo bezityanda igila ngesizwe sabo nangona ndiqinisekile ukuthi bekunzima. Esinye sezizathu zokuba izincoko zinqongophale esiXhoseni yinto yokuba aziphumeleli kuvavanyo lwazo lokuba zipapashwe. Kaloku isincoko kulapho umbhali athi avuumeleke abhale ngqo oko sukuba kumchukumisile ngoko asigwegwelezi koko singena emxholweni. Ngoko ke ngokubona kweziphatha-mandla zaangaphambili kwakukho nje izinto ekungenakuvunyelwa ukuba zipapaswe.
Xa sijonga indima yabantu ababhinqileyo kwezi ncwadi zintathu zilandeelayo, Umdlanga, Buzani kubawo, nethi Inzonzobila, sifumanisa ukuba ifuthe labo liyavakala.
Isigaba sesibini ngokweembono zikaFenson noKritzer (1966:9) kulapho umbhali kufuneka eewangcisile ukuba esona senzeko sakhe siingundoqo, le nto sithi kukujiya kwezinto sisiphi na kuba siso esikhokelela kuvutho-ndaba, elona qondo liphakamileyo kuthungelwano lweezinto. Kufuneka kubekho uthungelwano lweziganeko ezinonobangela nesiphumo sakhe.
Andazi nto ngokwaluka kwakhe. Mhla wafiika ndiyamalusa qha ke. Walukela phi ndiphi mna yise Ziintloni zantoni ezi andifaka kuzo Kungatshiwo nokuthi waziba ngokweesiko lesiXhosa koko kuthiwe walukela esiibhedlele! Yindoda ke leyo?
Izafobe ziyimifanekiso-ngqondweni entsingiselo ingathanga ngqo.
Characterisation refers to the manner in which a dramaatist has symbolised his ideas through people who imitate them.
Uyibhalile imibongo emiqolo ilishumi elinesine apho asebenzise kuphela uchasaniso. Loo nto siyayibona kumhobe othi "Okungaaqatshelwayo" apho uQangule asebenzise ngendlela echubekileyo utheleekiso oluchukumisa ingqondo ukuba isebenze. Obo buchule bukaQangule ekubhaleni isihobe buyabonakala nakumbongo othi "Amanqaku". Kulowo umbongo sibona ukunxibelelana kwezinto. Uqala ngegama abuye agqibele ngalo ekupheleni komqolo olandelayo. kanti ubuya aqale ngelo ebegqibele ngalo kumqolo ongaphambili. nto ke leyo ebonisa uthungelwano lwemiicamango yakhe. Ngamanye amaxesha le nto uyenza ngokusebenzisa amagama azizithetha-ntonye, umzekelo. ulwazi nobulumko.
Kwakumqolo wokuqala siyeva ukuba imbongi ichukumisekile, inoomsindo, idiniwe kukugculelwa. Ikhalela umhlaba owathatyathwa kubo ngendlela embi; nokuba ithathwe njengentangantwa engenandawo kwilizwe lokuzalwa kwayo.
Le ndlela yokuthetha inento eyivezayo ngornlinganiswa lowo uthethayo, umzekelo, ungurnntu wasedolophini.
enornxholo ongothando, (iii) engentlalo yabantu.
Le ndlela yokuphela, xa igqibezela umbongo imbongi, luphawu lweeembongi zomthonyama.
Zwelinzima and Thembeka have been cut off from their roots for a long time, and are more completely products of the new world than of the old.
Okwesibini, abalinganiswa apha bahlulwe bazizintlu ezimbini. Uluhlu lokuqala lolwabo bafuna uZwelinzima bona bengabecala lenkcubeko yaseNtshona njengaye. Mnye nje umntu okunye nabo kodwa engahaambisani nezo mbono. NguNgxabane osatshila ngesidanga sezithethe namasiko. Abo baxhasa uNkosi uDingindawo bona basatshele kwizithethe namasiko obuMpondomise.
kungalula ukuphumelela kuvoto lolawulo lwesininzi, (ii) abaNtsundu bangakwazi ukuqesha abanye abaNtsundu.
Kumdlalo othi Umdlanga isikrokro sikaPhumi noNzame sibanika isibindi sokufuna ukujongana noLanga, bambuze ngobudoda bakhe bade bagroogrise ngokumthintela efuna ukuhamba. Olu ngquzulwano lubashiya ooPhumi noNzame bengenabhongo.
Nksz. NA. Tya!
Libhalwe ngesiNgesi nguNksk. P.N. Sandi, 1994.
Kucace ke ngoko ukuba umntu xa eyihlalutya le nkcazo kaMabuza ingornxholo angazuza izinto eziliqela eziphathekayo ezifana nokuba urnxholo webali ngulo mcamango usentloko central idea. Lo mcamango ke umbhali unokuthi awuphuhlise ngabalinganiswa ngokuthi izinto abazenzayo okanye ezibahlelayo zenzelwe ukuphuhlisa 10 mcamango uphambili lijekeleze kuwo ibali.
Eyona nto ndiphuma nayo apha kule ncwadi kaJordan sisakhiwo sebali lakhe. Isicwangciso sakhe sihamba ngolu hlobo. Kuqala ingabula-zigcawu, kulandele ukucombuluka kwebali, kuze amanqam, kulandele ukuthotha kwezinto, kugqibele intlekele. Eneneni naxa ibali lahlulwe laziingcandelo, kunzima ukuthi icandelo ngalinye liqala apha liye kuphela phaya. Le nto singayifanisa nokwindla, ubusika, intwasahlobo nehlobo. Icandelo ngalinye linegalelo elilenzayo kulo mcamango mnye okanye inqontsonqa ekujoliswe kuyo, nto leyo eqingqa eyona ntsingiselo yale noveli.
Xa umfundisi acinga ngabantu abaza kumela ulutsha ucinga ngoDlangisa noNomatshawe, akakhethanga indoda yodwa, into ebonaakalisa ukuba uzotywe wakwinqanaba elinye nomyeni wakhe.
Kukho ukuthotha kwezinto ekugqibeleni apho sibona khona isiphumo songquzulwano obeluqhubeka. Kulo mdlalo ungquzulwano luyasombuululeka ngokuthi lJ. Nomhle akhumbuze uPhumzile ngesiganeko esenzeka kwisithuba seminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, mhla yena Phumzile wasindisa ubomi bukaNomhle engozini. UNomhle uyamvuza ngeso senzo.
Hamba mfo kaBawo Njengel' enkulu yakwaThixo Ncincilili- Bham- Dovalele.
Kufuneka kubekho izinto ezitsala iingqondo zabantu nezidala umdla. Kufuneka iziganeko ezi zebali zibonise imbangi yesenzo esithile nesiqhamo sesenzo eso. Ibali lithungelane, kungabikho ziganeko zifane zagxunyekwa nje, zingentmjongo.
Ndiyababulela abafundi bam ngokundithemba nokundinika la maanqaku ukuba ndiwahlele, ndiwalungisele upapasho. Kambe kunyanisiwe xa kuthiwa ukwanda kwaliwa ngumthakathi. Ndiyathemba ukuba sisiqaa10 esi, asisosiphelo, yaye nabo baya kuwuqhubela phambili 10 msebenzi nokuba mna sendiphelelwe kuba isiXhosa nolwimi lwethu lufuna ukukhathalelwa ukuba asifuni ludake.
Wa! Nzwakazi yezixhobo, Tshawekazi lasezindle, Gbo buhle bakho bulubisi, Ndithabathekile bubo Wa! Nyibiba umhle!
Ziindlela ngeendlela ke ezisetyenziswa ngababhali ekuveliseni urnxholo wencwadi. Xa ethanda, unako ukusixelela ngokunokwakhe iinjongo zokuyibhala kwakhe incwadi okanye kungenjalo, uninzi lwababhali abaNtsundu boMzantsi Afrika lukholisa ukuwuveza kwalapha egameni lencwadi. Zombini ke ezi ndlela sele ndizichaphazele ziyawubulala kakhulu umdla womfundi.
Bobabini aba babhali basebenzisa uthelekiso ukugxininisa udaba lwabo. Kwilivo lakhe elithi "Luqeqesho 010", uMadala uthelekisa umntu oNtsundu noMhlophe abonise indlela abathi aba baNtsundu bamtefise ngayo umntwana ade abe liathalala elingakwazi ukuzimela ngokwalo, liixhomekeke kumzali seliyingqandasi endala.
Udaba lukaJordan lucace kangangokuba ibali lakhe lifikelela esipheelweni ngendlela eyanelisayo. Akukho nemfuneko yokuba azikroboze ukhakhayi ezama ukudala iimeko ezizodwa zokuphetha ibali lakhe. Akafani nababhali abaliqela besiXhosa abaziphetha iincwadi zabo benoodaba olumbaxa noluzibhidayo iingqondo zabafundi. Okwesibini, uyekela kumfundi ukuba azibonele ukuba uthini na ngebali lakhe, nto leyo entaanywa ziziganeko azizobileyo kwinoveli yakhe. Ukuludiza udaba oluqulathwe yincwadi kuyawubulala umdla womfundi.
Ukudlula apho masikhe sithathe okaSatyo umhobe othi "Umama oNtsundu".
Enqunq' amabatha namakhwiniba Angangqina okaCingo nokaNdawo.
Le ncoko isinika kwangoko ingqondo ethi kuza kwenzeka ntoni na kulo mdlalo okanye urnxholo ungantoni na. Incoko ithethwa ngabalinganiswa ngokusebenzisa ulwimi. Kubalulekile ukuba ubani aluqonde ulwimi olusetyenziswa ngumbhali ukuze abe nokuwuqonda umxholo womdlalo. Izimo neengcamango zabalinganiswa zivezwa yincoko.
Kwinewadi Inzonzobila ekugqibeleni iimfihlo ziyavezwa. Umlinganiswa oyintloko uZinzo wayengazi ukuba kanti ukhulisa ithole likaDlangisa uBhongo. Kule ithi Izinto zimana ukwenzeka sibona uNovusile ecela uxolo kumyeni wakhe, ezaneka phambi kwakhe. ULanga uyarnxolela naxa wayesazi ukuba oyena mntu unobutyala ngesi simo somfazi wakhe nguye buqu.
Le nto siyiva kwingxoxo phakathi kukaMaGaba noNozipho. Le ngxoxo ivuswa ngumtshato wabanye abantu ababini.
UTshiwo: Umzi kabawo namhla uvelelwe. Ziinkuntsela zitsibe nelikaPhungela. Endothatha ndidiibanise nayo andiyazi, ngentomb' esomi, ibhoongo lam, ihobe lam, iqhayiya lam - uNonkosi.
Amazwi akhe athi "Ndiyazikhupha ndizikhupha ngenxa yakho" (Tamsanqa, p. 29) abonisa isigqibo esikhulu nesibalulekileyo esithathwe nguNomampondomise. Amazwi akhe okugqibela kuGugulethu ambeka phantsi kwengxaki enkulu yokuba kunyanzeleke ukuba angamdanisi. Ukusukela apha kwenzeka amanqam ukuya kuvuthondaba. Siphenana ndisibonayo sinye, sesokuba uGugulethu, njengamntwana womXhosa okhuliswe ngokuhlonipha abazali, asuke awethise umoya webali ngokuunikezela kwasentloko kolu ngquzulwano.
Singaliphetha eH nqaku ngelithi ezi rnpawu sithethe ngazo ngasentla apha kuthi ukuze kulunge zithungelane, zisebenzisane ukuphurneza injongo yornbhali wenoveli. Makucace kurnfundi ukuba zininzi ezinye iindlela zokuqwalasela ibali ezixhornekeke kwezinye iindlela zohlalutyo kodwa ezi sizikhankanye ngasentla ziirnpawu eziqhelekileyo kuhlalutyo lwesithethe.
Lo ukhwazwayo ke selegoso negxalaba lasekhohlo isandla sekhohlo sisengxoweni yebh ulukh we, esokuunene siphethe ungcaphephe. Lo ngcaphephe ke yiqhiya emhlophe Umlomo awusahlangani kuba oosibali bakhe bamncoma "iiwalks" zakhe "ezisimati".
Ulwazi lufukame ubudenge, Ubudenge yitrone yobulumko Iinyembezi ngumthombo wenkathalo.
Phambi kokuba ndingene kowona mxholo, ndifuna ukuqala ngokuzama ukuxovula imiba emibini ngalo mbuzo, eyile: ngaba yintoni ibali elifuutshane, yaye lahluka njani kwezinye iimbalo eziqwetyiweyo ngakumbi isincoko Le mibandela kuyafuneka ukuba icaciswe kuba ithande kuba mfiliba nakwiingqondo zabanye ababhali ndawonye nabafundi?
Kufanelekile ukuba siqale siqwalasele ubugcisa bokubhalwa kwebali eliifutshane, iimpawu eziphambili zalo neendlela zokwenza ibali elifutshane eliqulunqwe kakuhle ezifana nabalinganiswa, intshukumo, umxholo naangaphezulu uqulungano nokubetha kwalo koozelekazi. Kukwabalulekile nokuba sithi xa siqwalasele ibali elifutshane sikhumbule ukuba kufuneka silijonge ibali njengendibanisela evanayo yamalungu alo ahlukeneyo kodwa naxa kunjalo kufanele ukuba loo malungu siwaqwalasele naxa emi odwa (Pannwitt, 1964). Asingawo onke amabali amafutshane angezinto eziqwetyiweyo kuba amanye awo angezinto zembali ezakha zehla. Kunjalo ke nalapha kula mabali kaBurns-Neamashe.
Wena uyadlokovisa, Wena uyagcobisa, Wena uyathuthuzela, Wena uyalalisa.
Ingqumbo yeminyanya isixelela ngongquzulwano phakathi kweendlela zokwenza izinto zeli xesha nezamandulo kwakunye nefuthe lezi meko kubomi babantu. UDingezweni yinoveli ezoba ubomi bomntwaana oqeqeshwe kakubi nguyise, hayi umama kwesi sihlandlo. Le nto isenza sicinge kuba siqhele ingoomama abona abantwana ngokubafekethisa, njengoko sibona kwincwadi kaSinxo ethi Umzali wolahleko apho umntwana oniwe kukungaqeqeshwa ngunina. UKwazidenge yinoveli efana yodwa ebeka elubala iziqhamo zobutshaba phakathi kwezizwe, oko kukuthi ubuhlanga neziphumo zabo kubantu abamsulwa abanjengaabathandanayo. Uthando alunamida. EsiXhoseni sithi uthando aluboni.
Wavela uMadala nencwadi ethi Amavo amafutshane, u W.K Tamsanqa neyakhe ethi Imitha yelanga, uMtuze uvele nethi Ingqaqaba kanti kwakho udibene noMjamba ngencwadi ethi Ugeme. Emva koko kulandele uKS.
UNontando, ongumfazi kaLanga, wahlukile mpela kuCikizwa.
Ngokungafaniyo nebali lakhe lokuqala, apha akanangcaciso ngesimo sentlalo, abalinganiswa abavezwa ngokwanelisayo yaye engekho non dooqo webali elicombulukayo. Umbhali uxoxa nje kuphela ngezinto ezathi zenzeka emva kokusutywa kukufa kukaNobantu, unina kaNkosi uSandile.
lincwadi ezininzi zide zibe ziintshurnayelo eziphandle. UG.B. Sinxo uye ashurnayele phandle kwiincwadi zakhe.
Uthelekiso lwesibobe sikaQangule nesikaNgcangata njalo njalo kanti eminye imibongo inesitanza esinye kuphela. UQangule noNgcangata banezitanza eziyeleleneyo kuninzi lwemibongo yabo. Into ebalulekileyo ngezitanza zabo kukuba zithwele udaba olubalulekileyo, azihombisanga nje kuphela.
Iinkomo zaloo magqwirha zazithinjwa.
UMzamane ukwabonisa ukuba onke amadoda aphumeleleyo axhaswe ngamakhosikazi yaye le nto uyigxininisa ngakurnbi ngokuthi abafazi baalwele arnalungelo abo kwiindibano zabo. Ukwabonakalisa kakuhle ukuba irnfundo efanelekileyo yethi phakarnisa nabanye xa uphakama.
Ibali elithi "Isaqhwithi" lindindene kakuhle ukwenzela ukuba lithathe ixesha elingephi naxa uMtuze exubusha ingxabano ethabathe iminyaka kwibandla likaMfundisi uMzananda. Isimo sentlalo sisebenzelana kakuuhIe nezinye iimfuneko zebali elifutshane. Isimo sikaMfundisi uMzananda sisiva ngeentetho zakhe ezibonakalisa ukungabi namonde kwakhe, ukuba lukhuni kwakhe, nokuwasebenzisa kakubi amagunya akhe. Iintetho ezivakala kweli balana zinendima ebalulekileyo ekugxininiseni intsingiselo yebali ngalinye. Umzekelo, intetho ethi "Sifuna ukubona uYesu" ethethwe kubushushu bengxoxo nembambano ibonakalisa ukuba iimbambano ziyayisitha indima kaKrestu ezityalikeni. Endaweni yokubona yena njeengentloko yetyalike, sibona ububi beembambano zabantu.
Isihobe sale mihla sesiXhosa asisabonakalisi mava ahlanganyelweyo oluntu luphela, yiyo loo nto athi uKillam (1973:96) ngaso "modern African poetry became an experiment in self-exorcism".
Ukuphetha ndingatsho ukuthi le mixholo yale midlalo iyangqamana namazwi engcali ethi ukuba ababhali bayaziphepha izinto ezidla uluntu kwezentlalo, ezenkcubeko neepolitiki, baya kuba ngabangaphiliyo kolo luntu balubhalelayo. Yonke le midlalo ndiyikhankanyileyo izama ukuusombulula iingxaki ezikuloo mingxilo yobomi.
"Yakhany' okwenkwenkwezi" (Ilitha, 1985:10).
Bobabini aba babhali bezincoko bazahlula ezinye izincoko zabo zibe zizigaba ezibini. Isincoko sikaJolobe esithi "Amanani" sahlulwe saba zizigaba ezibini.
UMaGaba akasiso isimumu somfazi, uvakalisa izimvo zakhe ngokukhuululekileyo. OkaTamsanqa siyamvuma ngokumzoba uMaGaba ngolu hlobo. UZwilakhe ungumlomo kaMaGaba. Umbhali uyiphuhlisa ngokucacileyo into yokuba uZwilakhe akasasebenzisi eyakhe ingqondo koko ugqithisa uluvo lwenkosikazi yakhe kwamanye amadoda.
Nobaqonda ngeziqhamo zabo. Kukhe kukhiwe iidiliya emithaneni enameva namakhiwane ezinkunzaneni yhini na NgokunjaJo yonke imithi elungiJeyo ivelisa iziqhamo ezihJe, ke wona umthi ongenguwo uvelisa iziqhamo ezibi?
Kambe ayimininzi imibongo elolu hlobo kuba kaloku ibifudula ingavumelekanga ncam kwabasemagunyeni. Ndithetha ukungamkeleki ke ngohlobo lokuba amaziko asembusweni afana neNational Language Board avela anemithetho engqingqwa kakhulu ethintela ukupapashwa kwayo nayiphi na into engathi inophawu lwepolitika phakathi kuyo.
Xa silandela intetho kaZwilakhe kulo mdlalo, iphinda kanye la mazwi kaMaGaba. UZwilakhe uma kwanongxi ngeempondo kwindibano yamawabo kuba engafuni kushenxa kwiminqweno kaMaGaba, kanti sibuya simbone esayinela uGugulethu kuba engafuni nakancinane ukuuphazamisa iimbono zikaMaGaba. Nentlekele yaseMthatha izalwa kwayile mpembelelo kaMaGaba kuba uthe akoyiswa ngumthwalo wokondla uZwilakhe uMaGaba wacebisa ukuba umfazana makathunyelwe emyeniinL lfuthe likaMaGaba lingamandla.
UmbhaIi angawuveza njani umxholo kubafundi?
Isimboli okanye umelo njengokuba abanye besitsho yinto emele enye into. Loo nto ithetha ukuthi inentsingiselo eyenye ngaphandle kwale iboonakalayo. Iisimboli azifani, ezinye zezaloo mntu uzisebenzisileyo kanti ezinye zezikawonke-wonke. Le nto ifana neziteketiso. Abazali banezabo iziteketiso abambiza ngazo umntwana wabo kanti zikho ezibizwa ngoogxa bakhe phaya ngaphandle kwekhaya. Ilifu elimnyama limele udandatheko nokufa, kanti indwe ernhlophe imele uxolo. Iintyatyambo zimele uthando kanti kumaXhosa isikhova simele ububi, naxa kubeLungu simele ubulumko.
Mandigqibezele ngokaSatyo umbongo othi "Isixeko iRhawuti". Kulo ke umhobe imbongi isizobela umfanekiso wentlalo yamatyotyombe esihlala kuwo thina bantu baNtsundu. Umqolo ngamnye kulo mhobe usinika umfaniso ongathandabuzekiyo wendawo ekuhlala kuyo abantu abaMnyama eRhawutini. Ukuphela kwezibane zedolophu yabaMhlophe kukuqala kwethunzi lobumnyama besixeko sabaMnyama. Ibinza elithi "indlu emnyama" ndilifumana linentsingiselo embaxa. Indlu emnyama yindawo yabantu abaMnyama kanti ikwayindawo engakhanyiswanga. Obunje bona ubuchule bokutyhila ubumnyama bendawo nabantu bayo!
Mna Mhleli ndinqwenela ukuhlornela le nto sithi ngesiLungu yisolilooquy kwalapha. Yona yenzeka ngokuthi umlinganiswa athethe yedwa, aveze imbilini yakhe ethi isivezele izinto ebesingenakuzazi ukuba bezingavezwanga ngolo hlobo. Ukuba uqwalasela intetho kaGugulethu uya kurnfumana ethetha yedwa iintetho ezibuhlungu ngamanye amaxeesha. Le nto isityhilela intlungu nernbilini yakhe.
Elokuphetha lelithi uninzi lwala manqaku belubhalwe ngesiNgesi, kodwa ndabona kufanelekile ukuba ndiwaguqulele esiXhoseni onke nanjengoko injongo ikukuba afundwe ngabafundi abantetho isisiXhosa, ukuqalela kwiMatriki ukuya e Yunivesithi. Naxa kunjalo, ndizamile ukungaziguquli izimvo zababhali bawo. Omnye umntu uya kothuka ukuba nditshatise amabanga abesakuhanjiswa ngokwahlukeneyo ngaphambili, iMatriki neMfundo ye Yunivesithi. Ngokwezam iimbono, 10 mahluko awumele kuba kho kuba umfundi okwiMatriki selenkqonkqoza e Yunivesithi, ke ngoko akamele kufika khona kusarhidiwe ngezinto ezeenziwa khona.
Siphetha ngelithi okaQangule uchubekile ekubhaleni isihobe. Ubhale ngemibandela ngemibandela yaye ubuchule bakhe bubonakaliswa kukuba umbongo wakhe ngamnye wakhiwe kakuhle. Kusoloko kukho unxibeleelwano phakathi kwesihloko sakhe. ubuthumbu nesakhiwo sombongo wakhe. Kuyo yonke loo nto isihobe sakhe sifuna ukuba umntu acinge. angafundi nje amagama.
Ngenxa yoko kuyimfanelo yododana olukhulayo ukuba luzimisele ukuyithula ngokupheleleyo le mithwalo ingaaka yabafazi.
Isiphene esinye endisibonayo mna kweli balana kukuba umbhali uthande kuntyuntya kakhulu. Yingxaki endinayo kuninzi lwala mabali kaBurnssNcamashe le yokunaba kakhulu la gama sithi ibali elifutshane malibethe koozelekazi, liwanxweme amasolotya angangeni ndawo kowona mxholo webali.
UDeyi sirnboniswa kuqala elitshipha kanti unkosikazi wakhe uhlangana naye selekwiqela lerniguvela eyenza intlondi kanti uphetha seleguqukile kuyo yonke loo rno. Singatsho ke ukuthi ungurnlinganiswa ongqukuva.
Isihobe bubushushu bezimbo obuxhentsisa isiciko seengqondo ethi iziphozise ngokubhexesha ngolwimi, naangokuzamisa ngosiba, okanye isihobe kukudubuleka nokuphuphuma kweengcamango ngamandla angeenakuchazwa.
Incwadi kaMinazana Dana ethi Kufundwa ngamava inaba ngaphezulu kunezi sezikhankanywe ngasentla yaye iziganeko ezixutyushwa kuyo zichukumisa umxhelo kuba zingqiyame ngobomi esibuqhelileyo. Umbandela ophambili wezi ncwadi ngulowo wokuba ubulungisa buyasamela, inkohlakalo iphelela eluhayini. Ingcali kwezoncwadi uGerard (1971:50) ubhala athi ngezi ncwadi zeli xesha: dolophini. Yena uMqhayi kwincwadi yakhe ethi UDon Jadu ujolise ekukhuthazeni ukulingana okupheleleyo kwezizwe kwicala lezentlalo, ezoqoqosho nezepolitiki; kubekho imfundo elunyanzelo, iCawe noMbuso kusondelelwane.
Sib ana umdlalo ucombuluka ukusuka apha.
Uburharha buyabonakala kwizincoko zaba babhali bobabini naxa nje bethande kuxubusha imicimbi engahambi naluvuyo.
"Kwavela baso limbi" (Ilitha, 1985:10) apho kuthiwa imfundo nengqobhoko luhlobo oluthile lwesikhanyiso.
Oku kulingana kwendoda nomfazi sikubona xa uMamNzotho anika impendulo ehlabaniselayo xa esalelwa iimfanelo zakhe zomtshato esithi "kungokuba ibingahlawuli yodwa " Le mpendulo izalwa kukuba amakhosikazi ebesoloko engenalungelo lokuzimela emthethweni wesiNtu, asoloko ephantsi kolawulo lwamadoda (Cock, 1980:240).
Le ngcaciso ingentla isikhokelela ekubeni sithi eyona nto ibalulekileyo kule ndlela yohlalutyo luvakalelo lwaloo mntu uhlalutyayo nento ayithandayo yena. Kufuneka ke ngoko ubani abe nokuphendula imibuzo efana nokuthi uyithanda njani na incwadi ethile okanye zithini na iimboono zakhe ngesicatshulwa esithile.
Imbali ngokubhalwa kwezincoko esiXhoseni, ngokutsho kukaJordan (1973:39), isuka kude phaya kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo apho ababhali babonisa ubungcali kwiziqwengana ezazipapashwa ukuvela kwamaphepha-ndaba okuqala. Ngoko ke uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuvela kwephepha-ndaba Izwi labantu kunye neSigidimi kwaba lilinge lokuqala lokupapasha amavo amafutshane. Inkqubela phambili ibonakele ngokuthi kuvele incwadi ethi Zemk' inkomo magwalandini edibanisa ingqokelela yamavo ababhali ngababhali eyathi yapapashwa ngowe-1906. Yayibhalwe nguW.B. Rubusana. Laliselivakala ngoku ifuthe nobushushu bokubhala.
Eminye imibongo yanamhlanje igudle iipolitiki kuba inukuneza ukuxhaatshazwa nokucinezelwa kwabantu. Kwincwadi kaMtuze noSatyo ethi Uyavuth' umlilo simbona 10 kaMtuze ekhalela ukucalu-calulwa kwabantu abaNtsundu eSoshanguve kanti bona abeLungu bahleli kunye ePitoli njeengesizwe esinye esimhlophe. ESoshanguve kuhleli iintlanga ezintsundu ngokwahlukeneyo kuba kukho imimandla yabeSotho, eyamaShangana, eyabaNguni neyamaVenda. NoQangule unayo imibongo enjalo kwincwadi yakhe ethi Intshuntshe, umzekelo "Inkabi kabawo" kanti noJolobe unawo umbongo onjalo othi "Isililo sikaNdlebende' kwincwadi yakhe ethi Umyezo.
Isizwe samaKhoi, uhlanga IwabeBala, sasingabamelwane namaXhosa ngexesha likaTshiwo.
Lo mdlalo uzibonakalisa kakuhle ezi mpawu. OkaTamsanqa uyihlabe kakuhle ifolo, wabonisa ukuba ezi mpawu zomdlalo zithungelana njani ukuphumeza injongo yombhali.
Ndigqibe ekubeni ndenze umzekelo ngalo kaSiwisa kuba phantse yabe iqala apha kuye le ngxaki yokubhidaniswa kwezincoko namabalana, ngxaki leyo ebe yintuntanja, yathungela iincwadi eziliqela zesiXhosa. Naxa kunjalo ndiyathemba ukuba 10 mqela ndiwenze ngasentla apha malunga nomahluko phakathi kwezi ndidi zimbini zobhalo uya kuyigaabula inkungu kubafundi.
Kumdlalwana othi "Umsesane", kwincwadi kaMtuze ethi Itsili, sifuumana ingabula-zigcawu equphayo. Sibona uXolani nomZima, abasinqe sasiseQonce, beseKapa. Kwangoko simva umZima ecela unyana wakhe ukuba amthumele emaXhoseni umolokazana, aye kuhlala khona kuba engavunyelwa eKapa ngumthetho wamapasi.
Ingxoxo kuIo mdlaIo ayihombisanga nje kupheIa koko inento eyenzayo. Iqhubela phambili ibali yaye iphuhlisa abalinganiswa. Eyona nto intle ngayo kukuba ibafanele abalinganiswa bakaTamsanqa. Nditsho mna neezimema zikaGugulethu ekhala esimantshiyane esithi limkile ilanga, ziirnfaneIe kuIoo meko akuyo.
Le ncoko yaba babini izidulisa gca iinjongo zombhali. Uva kwaukubetha oku kweelwimi zabo ukuba inene azibonisani phakathi kukaFikele noNomthunzi inkosikazi yakhe. UFikele umile kwinto yokuba usaza kuyalusa yena inkwenkwe yakhe kuba xa ingakhange yaya ebhumeni ifana nengalukanga kuye, abe yena uNomthunzi engaboni sikhwasilima kuloo nto, ukusuka apho uyalitsolisa elokuba makabe usadla ngendebe endala owakwakhe xa asenezo ngqondo.
Siyazi ukuba iimbongi zethu ezimbini, uMtuze noSatyo, ziimbongi zale mihla ezibonga ngezinto ezingqonge intlalo yabantu kule mihla. Nazo ke, kuba zip hila kule ntlalo, ziyachaphazeleka. Yiyo loo nto zithe azabi nakuuzibamba, zangumlomo wesizwe. Intuthumbo yengcinezelo ziyazi ncam ezi mbongi, kungoko ke imihobe emininzi kwincwadi yazo ethi Uyavuth' umlilo iyeyokukhalaza. Urnxholo wokukhalaza ngowona uqaqambileyo kwesi sihobe xa sisonke. Azikhalazi pahaha ezi mbongi, koko zinobuchule bokuthi zibonga ngokuthile zisuke zithi qhushe ezi zikhalazo zibhongisa umzi oNtsundu kweli lizwe.
Mandiphethe ngelithi la ngamagqabaza nje kuphela. Ubani akanakho ukuthetha atyalusele ngezi ncwadi zintathu kumaphetshana ambalwa afana nala.
Xa imbongi isenza isihobe, isenza isiqu somsebenzi wayo wobugcisa ngokuthi ihlomele ilahla. Esi siqu saziwa nangegama elithi isakhiwo. Esi sakhiwo sibonakala kwizinto ezifana nesingqi, imvano-siphelo, nezinye izinto eziphathelele kwisakhiwo. Isakhiwo yinto ebalulekileyo kwisihobe sezi mini. Naxa kunjalo, asinakho ukusebenza sona sodwa kuba ukuba kwenzeke aka, ~iya kuba ngumhombiso nje kuphela. Isakhiwo kunye nokuqulathiweyo zizinto ezingenakwahlulwa kuba ziyazakuzelelana. Okuqulathiweyo kufuneka kube nokuveza kuphuhlise umfanekisoontelekelelo othile engqondweni yomfundi.
Amagqirha amabini uMpondombini noDubulegeqa bancedakele, basebenzisa eli thuba ukuhlohla ezabo izisu. UDubulegeqa utyhola abantu abamsulwa ngokuthakatha. Inkitha yabantu neentsapho zabo bathi babulawa nguKhwane noMagwaza eMngaza.
Iingxaki zentlalo-politiki ziyabonaka kwinewadi kaJolobe ethi Amathunzi obomi (1957) apho ubuhlwempu nobukhwabakazi obuzalwa kukuswelekelwa yindoda kwabafazi ezidolophini ndawonye nokuswela imisebenzi kubaqhubela ekuthengiseni utywala. Le meko ichana nornntu obesele engene enkonzweni. igqithele nakubantwana bakhe abaya babe ngamaxhoba.
Nomthunzi: TakaLanga, uLanga usifumene esiya sithuba sokuba ngumabhalana Ndisiva ngeeempukane eziluhlaza nje ukuthi la mntwana waluka, wakha wayiva loo nto?
Nomthunzi: Usadla ngendeb' endala ukuba uphelele apho.
Fikele: Walukela phi na, Nomthunzi Walukele embilinini okwembila Sisimanga sani eso?
A-a ZweJiyazuza. ITshawe laseBhiJitani. NguMzimb' uyaqhuma elokubuJiswa NguMzimb' uyavutha elokuteketiswa NguZweJiyazuza eJibizwa ngasemva NguTshawuz' imibane eJibizwa yimbongi.
Ngaphezulu koko okaMtuze uzama ukubonisa ukuba kula siphila kuwo amaxesha ulutsha alusenalo ixesha lokuya hlathini ukuze umntu abe uyindoda. Eli siko ke, ukutsho, ngokuhamba kwamaxesha liza kuhamba lihambe liphelelwe.
OkaMtuze uvula ngombuzo-buciko onamandla ophuhlisa ukudinwa nokudikwa kwembongi kukungabi nakhaya inalo, ithi "Ndingowaphi mna kanye-kanye Ndixeleleni". Isimelabizo esingu-"mna" siso kanye esiboonisa ukuba imbongi ayisacengi kakhulu ngoku. Kanti ukuphindwa kukaa"kanye" kuthiwe "kanye kanye" nako kuyongeza kulo mfanekiso wokudiikwa nokucaphuka?
Icebiso lam linye kuphela lelokuba kufuneka amehlo siwavule xa sifuunda iincwadi, singalandeli nje kuba kusithiwa incwadi iludidi oluthile.
Jusetyenziswe kakhulu uehasaniso apha, kwanikwa nemifanekisoontelekelelo eeacileyo. Ibhotile neBhayibhile zizinto ezingadibaniyo, kanti nomfundisi nejoni, ikwazezinye izinto ezingahambelaniyo phantsi kwengxam yalo mbongo. Glu ehasaniso lubonakalisa imbidano eze neTshawe laseBritane.
Indima licandelo elibalulekileyo kumsebenzi wedrama. Eli candelo lenziiwa ngokuhlenga-hlengisa iziganeko okanye izenzeko kwidrama ukuze zibe ziindima eziliqela ezahlulwe zaba yimiboniso. Idrama le ingene kade apha esiXhoseni. Eyokuqala yaba yimidlalwana kaSinxo ngowe-19Z5 kanti wona umdlalo opheleleyo wokuqala esinawo ngulowo kaMbidlana uthi Zangen' iin~omo. Wapapashwa ngowe-1954.
Dibanisa ke kule ndlela yokukhula kukaZwelinzima ifuthe leCawe, abeFundisi neeBhishopu. UBhishopu ungumfuziselo wentlalo yaseNtshona. Kuyo yonke loo nto, 10 mntu unguZwelinzima ulungiseleelwa ukukhokela abantu abangengabo abasesikolweni. Kuyacaca ke ngoko ukuba uZwelinzima ngumntu omnyama ominxwe ziindlela ezimbini zokuhlala.
An image is generally a recognizable sense appeal in words. Such an appeal should present a description so graphic or clear that the reader can relate it to his own senses or his own experience.
Eli bakala lixhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini ukuze liphumelele, isiseko sebali nokuzotywa kwabalinganiswa. OkaMkonto umenze uDlangisa akangqinelana ngezenzo nesihlalo esiphezulu anikwe sona ecaweni, igosa ukutsho aka. Unentaphane yamashishini kodwa ukwakwiqela elithengisa intsangu.
Kwincoko yabazali bakhe ngaye siphawula ukuba bayazingca ngonyana wabo 10, yaye ufundile uza kufumana umsebenzi njengomabhalana eSada.
Umzekelo waloo nto singawubona kumb~ngo - kaQmgule-othi "Isixhobo esiyingxaki" (p. 26) apho athi "Umlambo lucango lwengqondo, umlambo yintunja yovakalelo".
UThobeka uthobeke ngokwenene, yigusha kude kuse ekupheleni.
Incwadi kaNgani ethi Umkhonto kaTshiwo ixubusha umbandela wokubulawa kwabantu ekwakusithiwa ngamagqwirha nguTshiwo ikumkani yamaXhosa. Luninzi kakhulu uvakalelo kulo mdlalo.
UTamsanqa yena uchaza ngokusela umoya, aze yena uBudaza asichazele ngonqulo, esikhululweni seebhasi nezinye.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba naxa kuyinto ebalulekileyo kwezobuungcali ukukwazi ukuzidwelisa nokuzidalanca izinto, le nto inobunzima ngamanye amaxesha. Yiyo loo nto ezinye iincwadi ziwa kwizintlu ezahl ukeneyo.
Uvutho-ndaba kwincwadi Ingqumbo yeminyanya silubona lutshayeleelwa kukutshata kukaZwelinzima uThembeka sibe isizwe sona sifuna inkosazana yakwaBhaca. Lufika xa uNobantu obesoloko exakeke kwizinto zenkqubela nomyeni wakhe abulala inkwakhwa, uMajola. Konakala ukuhlala, samvukela sonke isizwe ngaphandle nje kwegcudwana elaliikwicala labo.
Yin din dilili yindishilili Yingangalala yengangamsha.
Iimbongi zakwaNtu zazinesinxibo sazo esisodwa. Zazisebenzisa ikakhulu iimfele zezilo ezithile ezaziwa ngobukroti nobukrele-krele bengqondo, nto ke leyo engumfuziselo wokuba lowo ubongwayo ufanele ukuba nezo mpawu. Zazithwala izidlokolo, ziphatha umkhonto, igqudu nekhaka. Eyona nto ibalaseleyo kolu didi lweembongi ibisisingqisho nomngqungqo. Izibongo ezi bezingabhalwa, imbongi ibichukumiseka ngelo xesha, ngaloo mzuzu, kube sekuphuma into ngomlomo. Zonke iimbongi zixhamla amalungelo okusebenzisa izixwexwe zamagama, mhlawumbi zidibanise nezithuko kwalapho. Loo nto ibiyitsho inkosi ingonwabi ngaphakathi entliziyweni.
Siqaphela ukuba uGugulethu uncwase uNomampondomise la gama abazali bakhe befuna uThobeka.
Isakhiwo ngumqokozo wonxibelelwano nokuphefumlelana kweziiganeko ebalini, esinye sizala esinye. Isiyileli ukutsho oko sahlulwa sibe ngamabakala amahlanu. Kwingabula-zigeawu kuye kwaziswe ixesha neendawo apho ibali liqhubeka khona. Umbhali uye aphinde asazise ngaabalinganiswa nendawo abazibambileyo ekuhlaleni kunye namagqaabantshintshi ngezimo zabo. Ukulungiswa komhlaba wokuntshula kweembewu yolwabhici ngokuthi kudalwe umingi-mingi kufumaneka kwaakweli nqanaba.
Xa siqwalasela 10 mbandela, siya kusebenzisa imbali eyinyaniso esiyiifumana kwincwadi kaSoga ethi South Eastern Bantu (1930:116-119).
Kwinewadi Inzonzobila kaB.B. Mkonto kwakwiphepha lokuqala usinikile ixesha nendawo apho ibali lenzeka khona, eKapa kwilokishi yaseNyanga kwaye kungongewalazi ngoMvulo umhla we-15 kuTshaazimpuzi ngowe-1985. Umlinganiswa oyintloko, uZinzo, nomxhasi wakhe, uMamNtakwende, saziswa ngabo kwakumboniso wokuqala, siphinde kumboniso wesibini sifumane umchasi onguDlangisa nenkosikazi yakhe uNomatshawe. Kulo mboniso wokuqala umbhali usikrobisile ukuba impixano isavele ngeempondo.
Inkosi ibiluha'yile uhlanga ngaphezu kwesiqu sayo. Iimbongi bezidla ngokugxininisa kweli cala lihle, ziye kancinci kwiziphoso neziphene. Izibongo ikwaziziqhulo ekuqhulwa ngazo Iowa sukuba ebongwa, ukuboonisa imbeko nendlela athandwa ngayo Iowa uqhulwayo. Inkosi ethaandwayo ngabantu bayo ibiba neziqhulo ezininzi. Isikhahlelo lelona gama laziwayo nebuliswa ngalo ngabantu, njengoko bekusakutshiwo kuNkosi D. Mavuso ukuthi "A-a Heshangophondo". Phantse zonke iinkosi zakwaNtu zibe nezikhahlelo zazo. Iimbongi bezingaphelelanga ekuboongeni inkosi yodwa, bezikwabonga nezilwanyana, imithi, iintyatyambo, njalo njalo.
Ungquzulwano ngundoqo kuwo nawuphi na urndlalo. Lusenokuba ngaphakathi okanye lube ngaphandle. Ungquzulwano lwangaphandle lwenzeka xa izirnvo zomlinganiswa zingqubana nezabanye abalinganiswa. Ukungavisisani kukaGugulethu noZwilakhe lungquzulwano olungaphaandle. Olwangaphakathi lwenzeka xa urnlinganiswa ajika-jikana nengqoondo yakhe ezama ukude agqibe ukuba rnakenze ntoni na. Loo nto siyayiibona ngalaa mhla tiGugulethu acinga ngokubulala ornnye wabantwana bomkakhe.
Naxa ezi ndidi zimbini ziyelelene, ukho umahluko phakathi kwazo. Lo mahluko wenza ukuba sibe nakho ukukrwela umgca owahlulayo phakathi kwazo naxa singenakuyikhanyela into ethi ziindidi ezizalanayo.
Xa siqwalasela isincoko, kwelinye icala, siya kuphawula ukuba sona ikakhulu sityekele engxoxweni nasekuguquleni izimvo zomntu. Umbhali uphambili kuso, usinika iindlela azibona ngayo izinto, nto ke leyo esingamele kuba nayo kwibali elifutshane.
OkaKwetana (1987) ubagocagocile ababhali abaliqela bezincoko esiXhoseni, wathetha wophela ngokuncomekayo kunye neemposiso aziibonileyo kubo apha. Umncome kakhulu uJolobe obonakalisa ulwazi oluphangaleleyo kunye nemvakalelo engathethekiyo ngesizwe sakhe kunye nezinye izizwe jikelele. Ubonakele engumntu othanda ukulanda imbali ukuze kuphuhle umcamango wakhe. OkaMadala naye indima yakhe yencomeka kakhulu. Yena ugqwesile ngezincoko ezimalunga neendalo. Naye njengoJolobe ube negalelo elincomekayo kubhalo lwezincoko esiXhoseni ukunyusa umgangatho wazo. UTamsanqa yena uzibalule ekuucaphuleni kwezinye iincwadi, ezabaMhlophe nabaMnyama, kanti nakwiziBhalo eziNgcwele. Ubonakalise ukuba uzinika inkxamleko phaambi kokuba abhale yokuba akhe aphendla-phendle iincwadi zabanye abantu malunga noko asukuba efuna ukubhala ngako.
Igama elithi "ubudoda" lisetyenziswe izihlandlo ngezihlandlo, nto ke leyo ethetha ukuthi lowo ngowona mbandela uyintloko kumxholo wale ncwadi yaye abalinganiswa akufuneki bashenxe kuwo.
Umntu akanakwahlulwa egameni lakhe. Isithethe sesiXhosa sithi umntu ngamnye makabe negama elibonakalisa iimpawu ezinokulandelwa nangaabantwana bakhe. Lilonke, igama libonakalisa iimpawu ezithile emntwini. UZwilakhe ulilandele igama lakhe. Uneenkani.
Abalinganiswa banokuba ziindidi ngeendidi. Kukho abasicaba nabangquukuva. UMaNyelenzi uvezwe njengornlinganiswa osicaba. Sibona kala elinye lakhe kuphela. Ulungile ukuqalela ekuqaleni encwadini ukuya esiphelweni sebali, nto leyo ke engafani nornntu oyinyarna negazi.
Namhlanje phofu umhobe oyilirikhi awusalungiselelwanga kuvunywa koko ubonakalisa iingcamango zemvakalelo yembongi ngaphezulu kunokuchaza nje iziganeko.
Dialogue is a vital form of action related to plot, it is also a basic source of the study of characters and of an author's style.
Iziganeko ezifumaneka kule noveli zimele ubomi esibuqhelileyo.
Le nto iqaqambisa ukuba umbongo ugqityiwe. Kukho nemibongo engababhubhileyo ekubongwa amaqhawe asele esandulele. Le mibongo inezi zikhahlelo nezikweko kunye namabinzana okuvula umlomo nokuuvala.
Into yesibini ebonakalayo ngale midlalwana kaMtuze kukuba kunqaabile ukufumana abalinganiswa abangaphezu kwesine nesihlanu. Kumdlalwana othi "Umsesane" bane xa simshiya uBhewuzana. Kumdlalo "ltyala" babini abalinganiswa abaphambili okanye ababambeneyo.
Sibona ukukhula kokungadibani kweminqweno kaGugulethu neyabazali bakhe.
Isitanza lolona.phawu lubonakala nakuthathatha kwisihobe. Ezi zitanza zahlukile. Kukho ezinemiqolo emibini, thathu, ne, ntlanu njalo njalo kanti kule mihla sekungenelela nezinemiqolo engalinganiyo ngokwenani. Into ebalulekileyo ngesitanza kukuba sidla ngokuqulatha udaba oluthile oluye ludluliselwe kwesilandelayo, ibe yiloo ntunta-nja ke ukuya esiphelweni. Ezinye zezi zitanza zinempinda-mqolo emana ivula okanye ivala isitanza ngasinye, itsho ngemvakalo ebungoma kamnandi, igxininisa owona mongo wombongo.
Ilivo sisiqanaqwana sokubhaliweyo ngeprozi apho umbhali axoxa okanye avakalisa izimvo zakhe, okanye ex()xela ukuba ubani abone ngokumfaninye naye malunga nentloko okanye umbandela othile. Ilivo ke liibhalwa kungalandelwa mgaqo uthile, koko umbhali ugqabisa kakhulu ngeembalana zokuxhasa izimvo zakhe, amacetyana okungqina ngokubonakalisa kunye noyoliso okanye uburharha bokwenza ukuba oko abhaala ngako kube nombizane.
Intombi kaTshiwo, uNonkosi, uyafa sisifo esingaziwayo.
Cazululeka golide yaseRhawutini, Cazululeka ngqothwana zakho zonke, Umbiwe zizandl' ezibini, golide yeRhawuti Kuzo zozibini, fumbatheka.
Xa abalinganiswa besenza umdlalo eqongeni okanye kwenye indawo efanelekileyo, basebenzisa ingxoxo, intshukumo neengcinga ezithi zisiityhilele ubunzulu ngenye yeengxaki zobomi, sithi ke loo nto yidrama.
Eli nqanaba kukwathiwa kukuyondelelana kwebali.
Ngokutsho kweengcali, okaJordan wavela wathi qabavu kubabhali beenoveli bexesha lakhe kanye njengoko kwaba njalo kuShakespeare kwaabelakhe ixesha.
UMagwaza uyoyisakala koku kubulawa kungaka kwabantu, akhethe ukuzibulala. UTshiwo uyalela ukuba kubulawe lonke usapho lwakhe.
Ibali alinakuphela esithubeni, lijinga. Kuyanyanzeleka ukuba amasolotya aqosheliswe. Impixano ebikade ibophene iyasonjululwa. Sibona uCikizwa kumdlalo othi Umdlanga esiya kucela uxolo kuLanga, evuma ukuphakaama kwengqondo yakhe kuba ethe ebabona ukuba benza izinto ezimthoba emgangathweni akuwo, yena wasuka akabonakalisa ngqumbo.
Isizathu esingundoqo sokuba iingqondo zibethabethane malunga noomahluko phakathi kwezi ndidi zimbini zobhalo kukuba zombini ziwa phantsi kweprowuzi. EsiXhoseni apha umahluko phakathi kwazo awucaci kakuhle. Yiyo loo J;lto ade athi uMtuze (1986) loo mahluko ukwiiintelekelelo zethu kuphela. Kukho ukuthungelana okukhulu phakathi kwebalana nesincoko esiXhoseni.
Le rnifanekiso-ngqondweni siyayibona nakurnbongo kaJolobe kwincwadi ethi Umyezo apho siva la rnazwi: "Bahlafun' iintsizi" ukubonakalisa intlupheko engathethekiyo. Le ntlupheko yongezeleleka ngakurnbi akuva ubani kuthethwa "ngesonka seenyernbezi" ukubonisa irneko ernbi ababekuyo aba bantu. "Utshongo" esixelelwa ngalo apha lujiika lube kukuphila noborni kuba aba bantu babexhornekeke kulo lodwa kwezo hambo zibuhlungu zokuphaca.
Asiva nto ukuba wathi akuba emlahlile wamfumana umntu onothando olusulungekileyo njengaye. Kulapho simbona ubuethe-ethe bengqondo nobutyhakala bakhe. IkwanguCikizwa owaya kueela uxolo kuLanga ngenxa yemposiso awayenzayo. Esi ibe sisenzo sobugorha esintama ukuba akoyisakali neam. Ungumzekelo omhle womntu osengxakini azifake kuyo ngokwakhe, ongafuniyo igama lakhe libe libi. Uye wazikhupha kumayeelenqe ooNzame nooPhumi.
Zomhini ezi mhongi ziyaluthanda uphinda-phindo lwezandi oluphakathi emqolweni. Le mfano-zandi siyihona kwiqela lemihongo yazo.
Umfundi ke kufuneka eqaphele ukuba ezi ntlobo zingafumaneka zixuutyiwe kwisincoko esithile ngoko akulula ukuba ubone ukuba luluphi na kanye uhlobo lwesincoko. Kodwa naxa kunjalo, lukhona 010 hlobo luya kuthi luzigqwese zonke ezinye.
Indlela owakhiwe ngayo la mbongo ifana kanye nezibongo zomthonyama. Awunazivesi okanye izitanza, usisibhukubhuku nje. Loo nto iphuhlisa ukuba umcamango okule mbongi mnye, ngowokushumayela ngoThixo ophilayo. Kumgca wesibini ukuya kutsho kowesithathu usebenzise imfano-siqalo ethi "Unguwena-wena" kunye nemfano-siphelo ethi " nyaniso" ukunxulumanisa iingcamango ezikule migca. Obu buchule buthi budale isingqisho esikhatshwa yintshukumo. Kukho amagama awasebenzisileyo anjengala: Khaka, Nqaba, Hlathi njalo njalo. La magama aphantse ukuthetha into enye. Yimifanekiso-ntelekelelo esiyinikwa ngumbhali leyo. Ngamanye amazwi singathi zizikweko eziphuhlisa intsingiselo yoko kuzotywa ngumbhali okanye imbongi. Omathathu la magama abhalwe ngoonobumba abakhulu ukubonisa ukuba abhekiswa kumntu ohldllilbUileyo yaye zizikweko eziphuhlisa ukhuseleko nga.
Umfanekiso-ngqondweni ligama eliqhelekileyo kwisihobe yaye kutheethwa yonke into ethi ifike engqondweni xa sifunda umbongo. Ikakhulu kujoliswe kwizafobe ezisetyenzisiweyo, ingakumbi izithwali-zikweko nezifaniso, umzekelo yingcuka okanye ufana nodyakalashe. Isikweko sithi into ethile iyinto ethile endaweni yokuthi ifana nento ethile kanti sona isiifaniso siyafanisa.
Iingcali zithi umdlalo wezembali awuyonto inye nembali ngokwayo.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba le migqwathulo yenziwe ngabafundi apha iya kufana nomhlabelo ohlupheza abathandi bonewadi ukuba bafunde ngokubanzi ngale mibandela. Siluhlomele noludwe lweenewadi eziseetyenziswe apha kwanezinye ezinokuba luneedo kumfundi ukuneeda abo banomdla wokuzifundela ngakumbi.
Umgwenye woyisiwe kulo mbandela, wabhenela ekubeni ukwaye umtshato kaThembeka ngokuthi wale ukukhupha ikhazi. Emva kwaloo ngxuba kaxaka nongquzulwano, wad a waqhuba wona umtshato. Wawuqhutywa ngokwendlela yaseNtshona. UThembeka wanikwa igama lenkosikazi yomXhosa lokuba nguNobantu. Abantu babelindele lukhulu kuye ngakumbi engumntu omnyama.
Incwadi kaPeteni ibetha koozelekazi. Intiyo iya ikhula ibheka phambili emva kokuba kufunyaniswe ukuba uZuziwe ube encokola nenkwenkwe yomThembu enguBhuqa ngasemlanjeni. UNtombi Dakada nezinye iintoombi ziyamlwa kuba zisithi lihule. Ubuhle bakhe babungunozala wokuthiywa kwakhe zezinye iintombi, ngoku zifumana ikhusi lokusithela kuba ucelwa nguNtabeni Mlilo ozalana noNtombi. Le nto yenziwa nzima nakukuba uBhuqa wayeseyinkwenkwe, engenakho ke ukubambelana neendoda ntombini inye.
Isizathu sesibini esibangele ukuba senze la malinge kukuba amaxesha eza neenguqulelo. Siya sishenxa kule ndlela yokuqwalasela uncwadi, kuungena iindlela ezintsha, njengokuba umfundi eya kuqaphela nalapha. Ngelishwa lethu ke, njengakwizinto ezininzi, asinamkhondo ucacayo ukuba besigqusha sisithini na. Kuhle ukuba la manqaku siwabhale, siwagcine ukuze kwixa elizayo sithi sibuyela kule nkqubo sibe sisazi ukuba sahamba ngale ndlela, saya kuthi xhaxhe kwindawo ethile, singabuyi siyile ivili sesinalo, ngabula beLungu.
UDingezweni wenza ezi zinto azenzayo ngenxa yokuba ekhuliswe kakubi nguyise. UZwelinzima nomkakhe benza izinto eziqhelekileyo, naaxa maxa wambi ikhangeleka inganelisi into yokuba umfazi abulale inyoka ehlonitshwe kangaka luluntu okanye ngabantu bomzi wakhe emaMpondomiseni. UZuziwe usengxakini enkulu. Ufuna ukutshata uBhuqa kanti noBhuqa ufuna ukutshata uZuziwe. Bobabini baneengxaki abanazo kule minqweno yabo - abazali babo abantiyo yabaThembu okanye amaHlubi ide yaneengcambu, yazala eli dabikazi ligqubayo.
Xa ndixhasa olu luvo lungentla ndingathi la ubongwayo imbongi imtyiibela ngeziqhulo ezibonisa uthando. La magama "yindishi-ndishi" akwaaehaza ubukhulu bomzimba nemilo yeNkosi le. Ikwayimifanekisoongqondweni yeliso ebonisa ukuba umfo la wondlekile, uyasadula ukuhamba oku.
Le ncwadi kaJordan ithi Ingqumbo yeminyanya ibalasele. Ibali lilonke, isakhiwo salo nokuzotywa kwabalinganiswa zicwangciswe kakuhle zadalancwa ngempumelelo. Umbhali unobugcisa bokukwazi ukugcina umdla womfundi kwizinto ezenzekayo. Ungquzulwano lweenkcubeko lucace gca kuba la macala mabini aphuhlile. Ulwazi lwakhe lwentlalo yamaMpondomise luyitsho le ncwadi ibe nomtsalane kumfundi.
Kweyakhe incwadi ethi Izinto zodidi uMzamane usikrobisa kwizinto ngezinto ndawonye nokonakala kwezimo zabantu. Omnye weyona miixholo iphambili yale ncwadi yakhe kukulingana phakathi kwabantu baseetyhini namadoda. Kule ncwadi abasetyhini bazotywe ngendlela ebonakalisa ukuba awukho tu umahluko phakathi kwabasetyhini namadooda kwicala lez, iphiwo zengqondo nokusebenza.
UVerschoor (1972:2) ubeka umnwe kumbandela othi kwesi sihobe injongo yombhali kukuvuselela umoya wokungayithandi into, ukuyinyemba, nokuyicaphukela loo meko igqubayo. Uzama nokubeka umnwe ekubeni yintoni na engalunganga entlalweni. Lilonke, le mbongi izama ukuveza iimeko ezingaginyisi mathe entlalweni naselizweni layo, nto ke ezo ekunzima ukuzamkela. Yonke imibongo yokhalazo ivakalisa ukwaphuka komxhelo wembongi ngenxa yamanyundululu aqhubekayo. Umzekelo wale. nto ngumbongo kaSatyo okhalazela ukubulawa kweemveku ezingenatyala, zibulawa ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo ngabachasiinkululeko. Usebenzise nesifanekisozwi esithi 'khaxa' ukubonisa indlela abalahlwa ngayo engcwabeni elinye aba bantwana. Ukongeza kuloo nkohlakalo, aba bantwana babengcwatywa ngobusuku kungekho mntu ubonayo. Ixesha lasebusuku limele ububi. USatyo ubuye abuveze obu bubi bebuqhubeka kumbongo wakhe othi Mfazi, ulilela ni na?
Kukho intetho evamileyo ethi "imizi ayifani ifana ngeentlanti kuphela". Le Rtetho xa siyithetha siyijolise elizweni ngokubanzi sifumana ukuba izizwe ezi azifani ngokwenkqubo yazo, ngamasiko nezithethe. Ukuba siyaqwalasela, kulula ukujonga intlalo yabantu abathile (culture) uthi xa uyithelekisa nale yakho, ugqibe ekubeni ayikho mgaqweni okanye ayikho mgangathweni.
Kuyahonakala kwesi sicatshulwa singentla ukuha ezona mpawu zahlula isihohe kwezinye iindidi zobhalo sisingqi nemifanekiso-ntelekelelo. Ngaphamhili phaya, isihohe sasiyindlela athi ngayo umntu avakalise ezona mvakalelo zakhe zinzulu, nto leyo eyayisakwenziwa ngomlomo nangamathuba athile afana namasiko nemihhiyozo emikhulu, kanti esesiXhosa sasiphathelele ikakhulu ezinkosini nezinye izikhakhamela zesizwe. Yiyo loo nto kuthiwa isihohe lulwimi lwesiqhelo lwentliziyo. Kuthe ekuhamheni kwethuha umntu waphucuka, wafunda uhugcisa hokuhhala saza isihobe somlomo sakhwelela isihohe esihhaliweyo. UQangule noNgc8.gata ziimhongi eziphumeleleyo ezisihhalayo isihohe sazo?
Iinyembezi zakho ziwa phantsi njengamanzi entlabathiim.
Isingqi sihhekisela kwindlela ezithi ngayo izandi zinxulunyaniswe ngoohuchule ohutsho zivakale kamnandi endleheni. Ngenxa yokuha izandi zethu zingalandelelani totse ngokwezandi zeelwimi zaseNtshona, siye sikhangele isingqisho kwisihohe sethu. Eso singqisho siye sivezwe nakukuphinda-phindwa kwamagama okanye izandi ezithile.
Untsonkothe ngenene kulo mbongo uthi "Isililo sikandlebende", nto ke leyo eyenza ukuba ungatolikeki ngendlela enye, phofu ke yabe iziinjongo zakhe ezo. Kodwa ke konobuchule bokutolika isiXhosa iyavela mpela into yokuba uJolobe usebenzisa isimeli symbolism esiyidonki phaya ukubonakalisa isililo esenziwa ngabo bacinezelweyo. Umbongo uvula ubonisa ubuhlungu bentliziyo yembongi oko kubangwa sesi sikhalo siluusizi sikandlebende, abantu abacinezelweyo.
Uphuhliso lomlinganiswa lufuna uqulungano nondindano olubangwa yimo yebali elifutshane ebetha koozelekazi. Yiyo loo nto kwaigama 100mlinganiswa lisenokubaluleka kakhulu ekusivezeleni isimo sakhe. Ngaphandle kwegama, imbonakalo yangaphandle yomlinganiswa isenokuehazwa ngumbhali, nto ke leyo esenokuba negalelo ekusiqoondiseni loo mlinganiswa. Le nto yonke ithetha ukuthi umbhali webalana kufuneka ehluzile kakhulu xa athatha isigqibo sokuba ziziphi na izinto aza kuzifaka ebalini iziziphi na aza kuzishiya.
Ndifuna ukuhlomela nje elithi ugxininise kumbandela oye ubabhide abanye abafundi, la womxholo walo mdlalo. Bakho abawuphosayo bathi urnxholo apha ungokwaluka, batsho besithi ndithi pahaha izinto zaakwarnkhozi kanti ukuba ubani uyifundisisile inewadi, njengawe la, uya kuphawula ukuba akukho nesuntswana lenyaniso kuloo nto. Inewadi ithetha ngobudoda, into ke leyo engaphaya kolwaluko. Okwesibini, eli gama lithi umdlanga, alinqangazi nto ifihlwayo kwabathile, koko lisisihlonipho se;nto engabizwayo ngarnadoda, umkhonto. Mhleli.
Isimo somlinganiswa sisenokubonakaliswa nangentshukumo. Indlela uNomampondomise amthanda ngayo uGugulethu ibonakaliswa ngokuucacileyo yindlela athi phithi thwanga ngayo akuva ukuba uGugulethu utshatile. Nokuzila kukaGugulethu, alinxweme newabo, kubonakalisa indlela awayemthanda ngayo uNomampondomise.
Kumqukurnbelo sibona iziphurno ezisisaqhwithi esikhulu apho athi khona uGugulethu abulale uThobeka nabantwana bakhe naye agwetyelwe intambo.
Umthetho wasemaXhoseni awahluke nakancinane kowezizwe ezikhanyiselweyo. Iintlanga eziMhlope zithe zakufika kweli lizwe zafumana ukuba abantu beli lizwe baphantse ukuba ziincutshe zomthetho bonke, namasiko abo asekwe phezu kwezibakala, baza ke bacuntsula nabo kanobom kuloo masiko, nakuloo mithetho yesiXhosa.
Kwincwadi kaTamsanqa ethi Buzani kubawo, kweli nqanaba, sibona uZwilakhe nentlanganiso yamaHlubi exelela uGugulethu ukuba uza kuumbonela umfazi kuba naye wabathobela abazali, wabonelwa. UGugulethu uyabongoza ukuba ayekwe azikhethele athi esakwalelwa nguyise "Buzani kubawo".
Ndiza kusungula ngebali likaNeamashe endilithatha njengebali elifanaleekileyo ngandlela zonke, elithi "Inxila lakwaNtselamanzi". Kweli bali, 10 kaNeamashe uyabonakalisa ukuba unabo ubugcisa bokubhala ibalana.
Kula manqaku linye kuphela elilelam inqaku, nalo ndalibhala oko ndandisengumfundi weli banga phantsi kwento ka8atyo kwiYunivesithi yoMzantsi Afrika.
Zininzi iindlela zokuchaza inoveli njengoko le ngcali ibonisa ukuba kubekho iinguqulelo ezininzi kwindlela ebhalwe ngayo ekuhambeni kweminyaka. Ndiza kwenza imizekelo ngababhali abathathu beenoveli endicinga ukuba baphakathi kwabaphumeleleyo kulo mba. Abo babhali nguR.L. Peteni kwincwadi yakhe ethi Kwazidenge, noP. T. Mtuze kwincwadi yakhe ethi UDingezweni, kunye noA.C. Jordan kwincwadi yakhe ethi Ingqumbo yeminyanya.
Enye into eyenza ingxaki kule ncwadi liqela lemibongo kwakule ncwaadi kuthiwa yeyamabalana amafutshane. Kwezinye iindawo imbongi iliphetha ibali layo ngokuthi "ncincilili" kanye okwembongi esimazi eyiyo uNcamashe okanye okomntu obencokolela omnye iindaba. Le nto ithetha ukuba kule ncwadi sifumana ingxubevange yezinto ezinjengezi: amabalana, izincoko nezibongo. Kwezinye zazo umbhali ubonakala engomnye wabathathi-nxaxheba oko kukuthi ungomnye wabalinganiswa endaweni yokuba yen a abe ngaphandle kwezi zinto zenzekayo.
Umhobe kaSatyo othi "Umama oNtsundu", kwakule ncwadi ithi Uyavuth' umlilo (1990:48) ubhekisele kubomi bomama oNtsundu. Kwimiqolo emibini yokuqala imbongi ibonisa ukuba umama oNtsundu uzelwe ekhululekile. Kwimiqolo emibini elandelayo sibona ebanjwe malakatha ngamakhamandela engcinezelo emhlutha inkululeko yakhe.
Ngamanye amaxesha namagama abalinganiswa anento ayithethayo ngezimo zabo. ULanga uthetha ukhanyo yaye isimo salo mlinganiswa siqaqambile. Uzisa ukhanyo eluntwini ahlala kulo. Lilonke ulilandele igama lakhe. Loo nto iphuhliswa yincoko okanye ingxoxo.
Xa siqwalasela ukujiya kwezinto, siza kuqala kwakhona kwincwadi ethi Ingqumbo yeminyanya. Umbhali uthe esi sigaba kukuqina kwemini. Sibona apha uZwelinzima elungiselelwa ukubuyiselwa kwelaamaMpondomise. UMthunzini ngumlinganiswa obencwase uThembeka kodwa wawa phantsi. Ngoku siva ukuba ufumana ithuba lokuba aziphiindezele kuZwelinzima ngokuthi adube onke la malungiselelo okubuyiseelwa kwakhe ebukhosini. Koloku uMthunzini wabhaqa zonke iincwadi ezibhalelwa uMphuthumi noZwelinzima, wazisa kuDingindawo owayeyinkosi ebambileyo nowayenonyana ongu Vukuzumbethe ancwase ukuba ibe nguye ongena ebukhosini.
Xa siphinda siqwalasela ubuchule bale mbongi ekuqhushekeni umloomo wokukhalaza singakhe sithathe ngoku 10 uthi "Untingil' uJoe".
Kwincwadi. kaMtuze ethi Ugadla (1976:67) kukho umbongo othi "Isimbambazelo ngokusweleka kukaGideon, uZwelinzima Yantolo". Apha kulo mbongo umbhali ubopha usapho lwakwaYantolo ngokushiywa ngumntwana walo. Ulubopha ngelithi izembe libekiwe kwabadala nakwaabatsha ngoko ke mabaxole. Kwayena uthuthuzela ngokuthi imihla yomntu emhlabeni ibaliwe, ufana nokudubula kwentyatyambo kwakunye nokubuna kwayo. Uyicacisa mhlophe ukuba alikhethi bani eli zembe, ligeeca isithandwa, intandane, inqolonci yekhaya, konke nje, nanjengoko lenzile kwa Yantolo.
Ikhapleti le ke yona owayo umsebenzi isenokuba ngowesishwankathelo kungenjalo isolulo sengxoxo ekwiikhwatreni. Loo nto ithetha ukuba nayo yenza umsebenzi ofanayo nalowa wesestethi kweyesiTaliyane isonethi.
Ngelinye ixesha iimbongi zisebenzisa uphoxiso ukuvakalisa izimvo zazo. Loo nto singayibona kumbongo kaMtuze othi "Uyandazi wena". Kulo mbongo okaMtuze uphoxisa ngabantu ababamkelayo abo babo baya kusebenza ezidolophini kodwa yena uyise utyatyekwa ngegama elibi lokuuba lirhanuga kuba eye kufuna umsebenzi ezifama. Yiyo loo nto athetha ngabaphangeli kanti yena uyise lirhanuga ngokutsho kwabo. K wakulo mbongo siva imbongi ikhalazela ukungamkelwa kwayo phantsi kombuso owawuphethe wamaGwangqa kanti kwelinye icala nabakuyo bayiinukuneza ngelithi lirhanuga.
Libhalwe ngesiNgesi nguNksz. K.P. Rungqu, 1990.
Exposition, which comes at the beginning, provides the necessary background material for a reader. It establishhes setting, creates the basic atmosphere, provides information about the pasts of characters, and to delinneate vital contexts for the events which wjlJ soon begin to unfold...
DIu hlalutyo lumele ukuba lubonakalisile ukuba kwimidlalo yethu ababhali bazamile ukwenza ilinge elikhulu lokubeka umnwe kwiingxaki ezidla umzi ngeli xesha lethu. Babonakalisile ukuba bafuna inguqu kwezentlalo ngokuthi bazitsalele iingqondo zoluntu kwiingxaki ezilolo hlobo.
Libhalwe nguNksk. P.N. Sandi, 1994.
Iinkcukacha esizifumana kumdlalo wezembali zibonakalisa iimbono zombhali womdlalo malunga nokwenzekayo ezimbalini. Yiyo loo nta iingeali zithi umdlalo wezembali uqukanisa inyaniso nomqwebo. Yonke loo nto ithetha ukuba kufuneka umdlalo wezembali siwujonge ngelisa lombhali wedrama endaweni yokuwujonga ngeliso lombhali weembali.
Kukwabalulekile kwibali elifutshane ukuqaphela ukuba umbhali kufuneka asoloko engasemva ebalini lakhe kuba abona bantu sifuna ukuubabona, sive nokuba bathini na, ngabalinganiswa bakhe.
Kwisitanza sesibini ucukuceza, esanyelisa le nt' ikukufa njengento engento. Yimvula yemibuzo eyakhe esi sitanza, mibuzo leyo endicinga ukuba iya kuphenduleka njengoko sisiya siwufunda 10 mbongo.
Apha kulo mdlalo akulandeli sisombululo, endaweni yaso kukho iintlekele. Ezi ntlekele zenza ukuba kube nzima nokuthi uvuthondaba lulapha okanye phaya. ZiqaIeIa ekufundeni kukaNomampondomise ngomtshato kaGuguIethu, ziyokuphelela ekubulaweni kukaThobeka nguGuguIethu seIe kwafa iqeIa Iabantu ndawonye noNomampondomise Iowo. Ngokwezam iimbono, zonke ezi zinto seziziziphumo eziyintlekele zokunyanzeliswa komfana ukuba atshate nentombi angayifuniyo.
Eli bali liphela ngentlekele kuba la mac ala omabini akazange afune ukujika kwiimbono zawo, amkele ezelinye icala. Le noveli izama ukusiibonisa ukuba kufuneka unyamezelo ukuba sifuna abantu abahlukileyo ngezimvo nezithethe babe nokuhlala kunye. Kwakhona, iyasibonisa nokuuba kufuneka singangxami xa singenisa iinguqulelo ebantwini.
Kwincwadi Izinto zimana ukwenzeka simbona uLanga, umlinganiswa oyintloko, elibhetye-bhetye. Nokutshintsha kwesimo sakhe emva kokuutshata kwabo akuqondakali. UNovusile yen a uzotywe wayinkosikazi yala maxesha. Ngumongikazi opheleleyo. Uthando lwakhe ulubonakalisile kumyeni wakhe ekuthe kwakungabikho mdla kwicala lomyeni wakhe, waxoza mphini wumbi.
Kwisitanza sokuqala umbhali uhlaba ikhwelo kwabanye ababhali abashiyekileyo. Ucebisa ukuba babhinqele phezulu njengoko kuwe umthi omkhulu, hleze kuthi kanti 10 mthi uwele bhuma phezu kwaleyo isakhuulayo, ngoko uthi makungasweleki mlandeli weli khondo kuba kukho intetho ethi yakufa intaka enkulu amaqanda ayabola. Le nto ke ifuna ukuba badibanise iintloko kuba usemkhulu umsebenzi obameleyo.
Ornnye urnbhali usenokukhetha ulwirni olutekezelayo kukuhonjiswa oku ngarnaqhalo namagama anqabileyo kanti ornnye uya kukhetha ukusebeenzisa ulwirni olulula.
Xa athi walukile ukhathazwa yintoni ke wena kuloo nto Akuyongcibi yaye akunguye nomlolongi-masiko amaXhosa. Wena waamkela le nto uyixelelwayo ngumfana woomXhosa qha ke?
Kwisitanza sesithathu ucela umngeni esithi abantu mabakhaliphe, baaxhobe bazokulwa noKufandini. Nalapha ubonisa indelelo nokudikwa ngokuthi kufandini. Kwakhona usebenzise isikweko ngokuthi ukufa kuyinyokakazi ehlelele ukugqibana nobomi bomntu.
Mininzi irnibongo ewa phantsi kolu luhlu. Urnxholo usenokuba yinkosi, sisizwe, ngumntu, sisilwanyana okanye nantoni na engaphefuurnliyo. Singanika le mizekelo ilandelayo irnbalwa: "Iinkosi zaseAfrika" kaaA.Z. Ngani, "Phantsi komthi wornqwashu" kaYako nothi "Sizwe" kaMtuze. Kuyo yonke le rnibongo, irnbongi ichaza isiganeko esadlulayo okanye into okanye irneko ngaloo ndlela iyibona ngayo. Kunzirna ke ukuungavakalisi eyayo imbilini ngaloo nto kuba kakade imbongi ibhalela ukuuvakalisa izimvo zayo. lye isebenzise narnazwi okugxwala emswaneni nokuthuthuzela usapho okanye isizwe siphela ngokulahlekelwa ngulowo ebethandwa. Khangela urnbongo ka Yako ongoMqhayi kwincwadi ethi Ikhwezi.
Ibali kufuneka libe neziganeko ezinentsingiselo ezidweliswe kakuhle yaye zinxibelelane ngokwesenzeko. Izinto ziyenzeka ebalini yaye azihaambi nje iyileyo eyayo indlela koko zenzeka kuba kukho isizekabani esiifanelekileyo sokuba zenzeke yaye yonke loo nto inenjongo. Naliphi na ke ibali linentshukumo yaye intshukumo ithetha ukuba kukho inguqulelo eza kwenzeka nesiganeko esikhoyo. Ukuze izizathu zokwenzeka kweziinto nemo yenguqulelo zieaee, umbhali ulibeka kumanqanaba ngamaanqanaba ibali lakhe hjengoko besitsho uFenson noKritzer (1966:9).
Enye incwadi ekolu didi nguNdiyekeni kaD.M. Jongilanga. Ngumdlalo wezentlalo osingethe amahla-ndinyuka obomi abangelwa kukusuka kwaabantu kwintlalo yesithethe baye kweyaseNtshona.
Kuqala babekhalazela indlela aziphethe ngayo uNobantu, indlela anxiiba ngayo, ukuqhogana kwakhe neentombi ezigendanga, ukudlalisa ngenkomo yakomkhulu, nokwala kwakhe ukuba unyana wabo enziwe ingqithi ngokwesiko. Eyona nto yakha yambi awakha wayenza yaba kukubulala kwakhe uMajola, nto ke leyo eyakhokelela kwintlekele engaathethekiyo yokuqumba kweminyanya.
Besenditshilo ukuthi le ndlela yohlalutyo ibandakanya uvakaliso lweembono zomhlalutyi zihamba kunye nendlela yesimo nefilosofi. Masiqwalasele ingcamango kaJordan ethi ukwala ukwaphulela kuzala intshabalalo. Ndicinga ukuba yeyona mfundiso ayigxulushileyo leyo ngakumbi kwabo basakholelwayo kwizithethe namasiko nenkcubeko yabo.
Vuyisanani noHombani kuba woyisile. Vuyisanani noHombani kuba wongamele.
Iirnbongi zamaXhosa ziluxabise kakhulu unqulo kodwa ngelishwa abafuundi abaNtsundu abazidubi yaye ababonakalisi mdla kwisihobe esigxininisa kwizinto ezingabonwayo ngeliso. Ukuba silubekela bucala unqulo siya kuba silahlela bucala into ebalulekileyo kuborni bethu. Mininzi irnibongo kaJolobe engezinto ezinjalo, urnzekelo "lkholwa", "lphupha", nothi "Akukho hlelo apho". Lo rnbongo wokugqibela ubonisa ukuba naxa uJolobe angurnfundisi weLizwi, akarninxwanga lihlelo lakhe ukuba angaboni nto yirnbi ngaphandle kwalo. Kwirnibongo yakhe ethi "Urnthandazo wangokuhlwa" nothi "Urnnqamlezo" kwincwadi ethi Urnyezo sibona irnifanekiso-ngqondweni ekhethwe ngobuchule ukuveza urnoya ornnandi wezonqulo.
Singatsho nokuthi umfanekiso-ngqondweni ngumzobo ethi imbongi iwuuzobe ngamagama ayo ukuze umfundi acacelwe ukuba imbongi ithetha ngantoni na abe nokuyinxulumanisa loo nto nawakhe amava obomi. Imifanekiso-ngqondweni iqulathe ukusetyenziswa kwezafobe ukudala imifanekiso-ngqondweni enomtsalane kuvakalelo lomfundi ngeendlela ezintlanu: olokuva, olokubona, olokusezela, olokungcamla nolokuphatha ngesandla. Kuthi kwakudalwa imifanekiso-ngqondweni enjalo, kutsho kucace nemicamango ebingathanga gca.
Ungquzulwano kumdlalo othi "ULindithuba" luthatha unyawo xa uNomhle afowunela emzini kaPhumzile, nto leyo ezala ukungaqondani phakathi kukaPhumzile noMandisa. Kwakulo mdlalo sifumana uvuthondaba apho sifika kwantlaba-zahlukane. Ukungaqondani kufike kwelo nqanaba liphezulu. Abalinganiswa abasetyenziswe ngumbhali baambalwa, nto leyo encomekayo ngakumbi kumdlalo woonomathotholo. Loo nto yenza ukuba kube lula ukwahlula amazwi abo.
Imbongi isenokusebenzisa imifanekiso-ngqondweni elobolelanayo ukubonakalisa izinto ezifanayo okanye isenokusebenzisa umfanekisoongqondweni ngendlela ebangela ukuba usoloko unxulunyaniswa nento ethile. Loo mfanekiso-ngqondweni ke sithi ukuwubiza yisimboli. limbongi zomthonyama zisoloko zisebenzisa izilwanyana njengezi simboli. Ingonyama yisimboli yobugorha, ukomelela, kanti ihobe yisimboli yoxolo.
Enye impazamo kubefundisi kukucinga ukuba abantu abaMnyama yayingabahedeni abahamba ebumnyameni. Isincoko sikaJolobe esithi "Isiko" nesithi "Ukuzingca ngebandla" ziphendula loo nto.
Inewadi kaMrnango ethi UDusha ikwangurndlalo owavela ngowe-1956 oxubusha ingxaki yeenkolo kumaXhosa. Le nkolo inobungozi yaye ibe neziqharno ezibi kunene. Ukususela kowe-1957 sibabona ababhali bemiidlalo bexubusha ngokuphandle imibandela ethile yezentlalo. Umzekelo waloo mibandela kukubonelwa kwabantwana ngabazali, mxholo lowo obe pharnbili kakhulu kwimidlalo emininzi ngeli thuba. Singabala kuphela ezi newadi zilandelayo: UBuzani kubawo kaTamsanqa (1958), uDike noCikizwa kaMmango (1958), uNcumisa noNqabayakhe kaMtywaku (1972), Amaza kaQangule (1974). Nenewadi kaMtywaku ethi Iincwadi ezaye zibhaliwe (1979) ikwawa kolu luhlu. Zonke ezi ne wadi zibonisa ungquzulwano phakathi kwabantu abasabambe amasiko nesizukulwana sanarnhlanje.
Kwisitanza sesine ubonisa ubuntu bakhe eluntwini, kungoko ethe makamdize ukufa 10 ukuba ungubani na, eyintoni na, khon' ukuze abantu bazikhusele, bangabi lixhoba lokufa. Emgoca-goca, empela phandle nje ukufa uyabona ukuba iingwatyu ziyabethana emadodeni kwakuthethwa ngako.
Ngxakana siyibonayo ngale ndlela yohlalutyo kukuba Iowa uyisebeenzisayo wenza iintetho nezigqibo ekunzima ukuziqinisekisa ubunyaniso bazo. Naxa kunjalo, umhlalutyi ovuthiweyo noneliso elibukhali lokugqala izinto utsho kuvokotheke ngale ndlela.
Ndiza kuthatha abambalwa ukonga isithuba. Kwincwadi Inzonzobila umlinganiswa oyintloko, uZinzo, uzotywe wangumntu ophila kukuzeenzela, akanabuqhetseba, yonke into uyayibilela phambi kokuba ayifuumane. UMamNtakwenda inkosikazi yakhe yinkonkxa enetha. Uyambona umyeni wakhe engcungcuthekiswa nguDlangisa kodwa akamhlebeli noko kunjalo ukuba isizekabani yintoni na. UDlangisa kwelakhe icala yingcuka eyambethe ufele lwegusha.
Akubonakali kukho mahl uko kwindlela yokusetyenziswa kwale mifaneekiso-ngqondweni ziimbongi zomthonyama nezanamhlanje. Umahluko kukuba iimbongi zomthonyama bezisakubonga iinkosi, iinkomo, izilwaanyana nezinye izinto eziphathekayo ukanti ezanamhla iimbongi zikholisa ukubonga izinto ezingaphathekiyo ezifana nobukhwele, uthando, nekraatshi njalo njalo. Into ebalulekileyo ngomfanekiso-ngqondweni kukuba uyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yombongo, awuhambi nje wodwa. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka uthungelane nombongo, ube nentsingiselo ehambelanayo noombongo. Eyona nto uluncedo ngayo kukuba usizobela ngoko nangoko umfanekiso obonwa nanguthathatha ukuba uthini na. Uyavuselela yaye wonga namazwi.
UW.K. Tamsanqa, kwincwadi ethi Buzani kubawo, uyivula kuphethwe umcimbi wokuba uGugulethu makafune umfazL Iindibano ezinje zisoloko zikhokelwa yingxoxo ephakathi koZwilakhe noMaGaba. Nangona uMaGaba engabikho xa kudibene imilowo, kodwa ifuthe lakhe liyavakala kuba uZwilakhe uye azikhuphele njengoko zinjalo iintetho zikaMaGaba xa bexovula 10 mcimbi bodwa.
Xa ndisithi ukubheka phambili ndifunda ndifumanisa ukuba iinkcazo ngeenkcazo zeengcali azikhabani konke-konke ngomba wenkcazo yesonethi koko nje zisengela thungeni linye. Nangona ke ezi ngcali zingqinelana yona ekaFletcher noSceales inkcazo ndiyithande ndophela kuba bona bananto bagxininise kuyo ethande ukwahluka kwezinye. Bona bayichaza isonethi bade bafake nendawo yokuba isonethi le ngokuungaphandle kwale miqolo ilishumi elinesine ichazwayo, ithi iqulathe umcamango omnye vo. Ndiyibona ibaluleke gqitha loo ngongoma kwinkcazo yesoIJ.ethi. Bayibeka n.d.
Kumbongo wakhe othi "Ukubonga" kwincwadi Intshuntshe (1978:1) uQangule usebenzisa amagama amalungu mathathu ukwenza umqolo ngamnye, abe nemiqolo emine kwisitanza ngasinye. Le ndlela inceda kakhulu ekudaleni isingqisho yaye ikwawunika umbongo isakhiwo sawo, Kambe uQangule akasenzi isakhiwo sombongo wakhe sibe yinto ezihaambelayo okanye eyongezelelweyo embongweni. Imifanekiso-ngqondweni yakhe ivezwa koko kuqulathwe embongweni. Ukhethe amagama afaneleekileyo awandlala ngendlela ebangela ukuba ancedisane ukuphuhlisa intsingiselo, njengoko sib ana kumbongo othi "Ukubonga". Nanga loo mazwi: "izimvo, amavo, iinkene-nkene ezingenakuzibamba". Nendlela yokusebenzisa izifanokuthi ukugxininisa nokudibanisa imicamango iseetyenziswe ngobuchule. Amazwi athi "iinkenenkene ezingenakuzibamba" abonakalisa kakuhle ukuba iimbongi zixhomekeke ikakhulu kuvakalelo yaye loo nto iyazenzekela. Umbongo uwonke unaloo mifanekisoongqondweni injalo ukuchaza ukubonga.
Ukuba kuninzi lweenoveli isakhiwo sebali esinxulunyanisiweyo (subplot, umzekelo indima kaMthunzini) siye siyitsalele ingqondo koomnye umbandela, nto leyo etsho umfundi abe buphulukana nowona mongo uyintloko webali, loo ngxaki ayikho apha kule ncwadi kaJordan ithi Ingqumbo yeminyanya. Lo mxholo unxulunyanisiweyo uyinxalenye edibeneyo yesakhiwo esiyintloko yaye unenxaxheba enkulu oyithaabathayo ekusifezekiseni.
Kwincwadi kaB.B. Mkonto ethi Inzonzobila, abalinganiswa bakhe ubazobe banenxaxheba enkulu abayidlalayo. UNomafa wenziwa nzima sisinhanha saseKapa, sakugqiba samthi tya, emva koko wacholwa lelinye isoka. UZinzo umtshate enosana olubomvu unkosikazi wakhe. UNomafa ngumlinganiswa owomeleleyo nonesibindi kuba akazange aluxele usana olu ukuba uyise ngubani na. UNomafa naye ifuthe neempembelelo zakhe ziyabonakala kuba uDlangisa uhlala ahlale amcinge nangona naye etshatile. Unomqolo, akoyiki ukuvakalisa uluvo lwakhe. UDlangisa onaamaqhinga umbizela kwihotele yakhe efuna ukuba baxoxe ngekamva losana lwabo. Silindele ukuba uNomafa angayi kuba akazange amhoye, uqala ngoku ukuqhagamshelana naye unyana wakhe sele enamashumi amabini eminyaka ezelwe kwaye engugqirha opheleleyo.
Ukuhamba imigama emide kukhwelwe amahashe ukusuka emaMpoondweni yayiyinto eyenzeka mihla le yaye ingabathinteli abantu ukuba bangaham belani.
Ingxoxo kwakhiwa ngayo abalinganiswa kuphuhliswe nomxholo. Kuzo zombini ezi ncwadi esi sixhobo sisetyenziswe kakuhle kakhulu. Aba baabhali, uB.B. Mkonto noS.D. Siphambo baphumelele ekubhaleni iincwadi zabo nasekubumbeni abalinganiswa. Okwesibini, bazifezekisile iimfuno zedrama kuba ikho impixano, babunjwe kakuhle nabalinganiswa, nengxoxo ngokunjalo yaye ikho nentshukumo ukuphuhlisa iingcamango zabalinganiswa.
Enye ye zona njongo ziphambili zebali elifutshane kukuphuhlisa isizwe (Kwetana, 1987:118). UMtuze ukhangeleka enazo ezo njongo ngemixholo yamabalana akhe. Naxa la mabali emafutshane, umxholo wakhe usoloko uqaqambile.
Isitanza liqela lemiqolo elithwele ingcinga okanye uluvo oluthile. Zininzi ke iindidi zezitanza ukuqalela kwezinemiqolo emihini, emithathu, nemine okuqulathwe yimibongo yazo. Zibonga izinto eziyeleleneyo yaye neengcinga zazo ziyelelene ngokuphathelele kwizinto ezifana nothando, inkolo, iipolitiki, indalo, imfundo yaye ziyathanda ukubonga abantu abathile ababalulekileyo. Nantsi imizekelo embalwa. UQangule uthi "Uthando lwethu" kanti yena uNgcangata uthi "Le nt' uthando". Bobabini banemibongo engendalo ngakumbi iinyamakazi nezilwanyana ezithile, iintaka nemilambo njalo njalo. Banayo nemibongo-mbaliso ebonakalisa oku kuyelelana kwezimbo zabo.
UFikele, njengomntu osatshila ngezasendulo, akayiboni into yokuba uLanga angayi esuthwini. Livakele kanye kweso sithuba ifuthe likaNomthunzi kuba nguye othibaza impixano ephakathi kuLanga ngaphezu komyeni wakhe kuba usondele ebantwaneni bakhe.
Umntu othi esakuphucuka alahle nje ngasekhaya kuba esithi kusebumnyameni akahambi ngendlela eyiyo.
Injongo yale ntshayelelo ingasentla ibikukwaneka iimpawu eziphaambili zebali elifutshane esiza kuthi sisebenzise zona ukuhlalutya amabali kaBurns-Neamashe kwinewadi yakhe ethi Masibaliselane.
KuBuzani kubawo izithole zernpixano zihlwayelwa kwingabulagcawu. Sikrokriswa kwayingoma eculwa nguNozipho ethi "Dilika thando". Incoko kaMaGaba noNozipho yandlalela ungquzulwano phaakathi kwabantu abasabambe isithethe nabantu abaneernbono zanamhlanje.
Ingxoxo kwimidlalo kaMtuze ethi Itsili inendima ebaluleke kunene.
Mna zinkosi andikhathali nokuba umntu uchasa ade alale ngomqolo phantsi, ndifuna intombi kaMcothama ize kurhuqa amaJalimane kule nkundla nokuba sekuumnyam' entia...
Senziwa ngokuthi kufakelwe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo into endaweni yen ye. Glu tshintshiswano lukhokelela ekubeni sifumane intsingiselo ngokunxulumanisa izinto (Cohen, 1973:52).
Plot can be defined as the dynamic, sequential element in narrative literature.
Senza uthelekiso oluthe ngqo phakathi kwezinto ezikwizintlu ezahlukiileyo. EsiXhoseni isifaniso sikhokelwa ngala mabinzana - njenga, ngokwa, ngathi, njalo njalo. Umzekelo waso singawufumana kumbongo kaQangule othi "Indoda endiyithandayo" athi "izole njengezulu ehlotyeni" (p. 4).
Ininzi gqitha into oyaziyo, ndiyakubona. Uze ulumke ungachatshazelwa ligazi. Xa 10 mcimbi seniwuqhube wagabadela nisandifakela ni mva?
Isizathu sesithathu sokuba ndilikhuthaze eli nyathelo kukuba zinqabile iincwadi ezihlaba ifolo, zinike abafundi imizekelo yokuhlalutya kwakuunye nethiyori ndawonye. Iincwadi ezininzi zethiyori ziyakhumsha, nto ke leyo eyenza umtha we dolo kwabo banqwenela iincwadi ezingolwimi lwabo. Naxa ndisitsho, ndifuna ukubakhuthaza abafundi ukuba bazifunde iinewadi ezibhalwe ngezinye iilwimi kuba kaloku sisengela thungeni linye yaye ubukhulu bee ala la mabandla akwaNonibe kudala ayihambayo le ndlela. Inyathi ke ibuzwa kwabaphambili yaye intaka yakha ngoboya benye.
Emva kokufunda incwadi kaMtuze ethi Umphehlulu siye siqonde ngokuphandle ukuba ibali elifutshane lahlukile kwinoveli. Kulula ukubonakalisa imixholo ngemixholo kulo, nto leyo esinika imifanekiso ngemifanekiso ngobomi. Ngaloo ndlela nathi sifunda ukuqwalasela izintooyinto ezidla uluntu. Kumabalana akhe kucacile ukuba ukubetha koozelekazi kulobolelana kakuhle nezinye iimfuneko zebali elifutshane.
Siphinda siyifumane le mifanekiso-ngqondweni kwincwadi kaJolobe ethi Ilitha apho athetha enjenje: "kwavela baso limbi " , "yotha ngakwelo ziko", "yakhany' okwenkwenkwezi". Kucacile ukuba elo baso yimfundo, nto ke leyo echan' ucwethe kuba imfundo sisikhanyiso sokwenene engqondweni yomntu.
Ixhomekeka ekubeni uyibandakanya nantoni na, aka kukuthi kusoloko kufuneka izinto ezimbini onokuzibandakanya. Phakathi kwento eninzi yemifanekiso-ngqondweni, kukho emihlanu eluncedo kakhulu xa siqwalasele isimbo sokubonga. Leyo yile : lubhekiselo allusion, sisiikweko metaphor, sisifaniso simile, lumelo okanye isimboli symbol nesimntwiso personification.
Umzekelo wale nto singawubona kwincwadi kaMzamane ethi Izinto zodidi apho sifumana khona iziganeko ezisingisele kwezona zinto zibaluulekileyo ebomini esithi singaziqapheli. Ukusuka kukaMaKhwetshube ashiye ikhaya lakhe ezilalini aye kwilizwe angalaziyo lasedolophini ngeenjongo zokuphuthuma owakwakhe ukuze babe nokucwangcisela ikamva bekunye ekhaya, kubonisa ukuba inkqubo yesithethe kufuneka ihayelelwe apho kukho imfuneko yenguqulelo efanelekileyo.
Ginya iintliziyo zabantu osebenza nabo ukuze impumeleJo ibe sentendeni yesandJa sakho.
Incoko nganye kufuneka ingaphumi emxholweni webali okanye womdlalo. Loo nto siyayibona ngokuya uCikizwa abuza uLanga ukuba uyindoda na okanye uyinkwenkwe. Siyazi ukuba uPhumi noNzame baangasemva kwayo yonke le nto. Basebenzisa uCikizwa ukuba enze umseebenzi wabo omdaka ukuze kuzokungqineka intetho yabo ethi uLanga yinkwenkwe.
Uthe akwaluphala uJobe inkulu yakhe uTana wanqwenela ukubuthaabathela kuye ubukhosi. Vena nomntakwabo uNgodongwana benza iyeleenqe lokumbulala. Uthe uJobe akuyiva le nto wakhupha umyalelo wokuba babulawe. UTana wabulawa waza uNgodongwana wabhungea. Wabhaea apha esithubeni. Kurhaneleka ukuba wabona amajoni abaPhuthukezi eziqeqesha eDelq.goa Bay, waza wanikwa ngumntu oMhlophe ihashe nompu. Wazisebenzisa ezo zinto ukubonisa ubuqili bakhe akufika kowabo. Uthe akubuyela kowabo ngelo hashe wafika isihlalo sobukhosi sithathwe ngumntakwabo, wagqiba kwelokuba ambulale, wangena esihlaalweni sobukhosi.
Zontathu ezi noveli singatsho ukuthi zixubusha imibandela ebalulekiileyo. Zontathu zithwele udaba oluthile oluya eluntwini. Zontathu ziyaziphembelela ziziguqule iingcinga zethu. Zontathu zisinika umfaneekiso ocingisisiweyo ofundisayo ngenxalenye yobomi boluntu.
Kwisitanza sesithathu siyayibona inkolo yombhali yokuba abafileyo bayiminyanya, bap hila kwilizwe lemimoya. Ude athi kwelo zwe kufunwa abantu abamisebenzi mihle nabaluncedo kuba kaloku akukho ndawo yoongantweni apho.
Uncwadi lwesiXhosa lwavela ekuqaleni kwale nkulungwane yamashumi amabini luvathe izinxibo zeendlela zokubhala zaseNtshona. Iincwadi zaziibhalelwa iinjongo ezithile. Uncwadi oluqwetyiweyo kwakufuneka lube nemfundiso engqalileyo yokusasaza ubuKrestu. Ama Wesile, amaTshetshi, amaRhabe namaLuthere athi aseka amaziko okuhambisa ilizwi ayekuqoonda ukubaluleka kwemfundo. Kungezi zizathu ke iincwadi zokuqala zaziizele yimfundiso nokushumayela kwababhali okuphandle.
Ikwakho nemidlalo enemixholo yezentlalo. Kuyo singabalula le: Inene nasi isibhozo ka-A. Mtingane, Mamfene kaL.M. Mbulawa, Amathunz' obomi kaJ.J.R. Jolobe, Imfene kaDebeza kaSinxo, UDusha noLaw' ilahle kaMmango.
UDingezweni utsiba ilitye likaPhungela akusweleka unina. Nankuya ngenye imini enyanzelisa ngetshova ukuba uya kutheza izulu lisizisa. Eso senzo sakhokelela ekufeni komntwana wabamelwana babo, nto leyo eyaatsho ubomi banzima kuNyubatyha. Yaya iba mbi imeko kaDingezweni kangangokuba waphatheka kakubi bebethwa ngamadoda awayemtyhola ngelithi nguye 10 uhlwayela umoya ombi. Wasaba waya kuhlala entabeni. Amanye amakhwenkwe asabela emigodini.
Nize niwuphathe ngobunono, xa ungasebenzi uhlale kwikhohlombe lawo ukuze ungabi namhlwa. Mbangi yokuba ungabi yiyo laa ntsimbi niyiqhelileyo yamanduu10 kukuguquka kwamaxesha nomthetho osalelayo ukuba sibe nezixhobo ezinganobungozi. Kungoku nje neembongi zethu seziphatha oosingamkhonto bomthi! Zijikile izinto bantwana benkos' en tIe. Amaxesha ngaamanye, unokuba uyangqina noNgxabane apho akhoyo.
Isigqebelo esikulo mbongo siyamangalisa. Sivezwa ngesikweko nguJolobe esebenzisa inkatyana yenkomo phantsi kwedyokhwe into ke leyo ebuveza mpela ububi obathi benziwa ngabaMhlophe ukuhlutha onke amalungelo abaMnyama.
UTamsanqa uphumelela ngendlela encomekayo ekuvuseleleni umdla wethu kwesi sigaba sesakhiwo sebali lakhe, kuba la gama ungquzulwano lusiya lukhula, sibona ukubhidana kwezinto kwelinye icala. UGugulethu uvunywa nguNomampondomise kanti kwelinye icala uZwilakhe unyaanzelisa ukuba azeke uThobeka. Ingxaki yesibini kukuba kwauuNomampondomise sele ebonwe lelinye isoka, nto leyo eza kunyanzelisa ukuba azikhuphe iinkomo zalo.
Incoko yabadlali ibonakalisa imeko yentlalo yabo. La mdlalo Umdlanga uzoba umfanekiso woluntu oluphantsi kwenguqulelo ebonakaliswa sisigqibo sikaLanga sokuba angayi ebhumeni koko aye kwalukela esibhedlele. Le nto ibonisa ukuba abanye abantu apha entlaalweni bayamkele loo nguqulelo kweli siko ukanti abanye abayamkeli nje tu kwaphela.
Bongela, uG.S. Budaza noL.L. Sebe nezinye iincwadi ezisentsha.
Ukutyhilwa kwezinto okanye Ingabula-zigcawu.
Ezi zizwe zibini ziyahlangana ziye kuncedisa uTshiwo. UKhwane uyaaxela ukuba bangoobani na, enziwe inkosi yes 0 sizwe samaGqunukhwebe.
Ukwalichule la mfo kaBurns-Ncamashe ekusinikeni ingcaciso ngeembonakalo yomlinganiswa, nto ke leyo esitsho sibe nomfanekisondweni wenkangeleko yakhe. Loo nto ibonakala xa achaza uNdabakazi noNokapa.
Xa kubongwa ngabafileyo, akusekho mfuneko yokuba sibe sigxwala emswaneni sikhalela ukufa komntu. Yiyo loo nto iimbongi wofika zichaza imisebenzi emihle yomntu. Yindlela yokubopha amanxeba ukuba sibone ukuba 10 mntu usebenzile emhlabeni, ufanele ukuba aphumle nangona zisopha zona iintliziyo. Yiyo le nto bajika bajolise kuthi baseleyo ukuba sizililele thina.
Ndiza kuhlalutya iincwadi ezimbini ezizezi: Inzonzobila ngokubhalwa nguB.B. Mkonto, nethi Izinto zimana ukwenzeka ngokubhalwa nguS.D. Siphambo.
.. bendingeze ndabona ntombi yimbi ngaphandle kaMcothama, uThobeka.
Phambi kokuba ndingene nzulu ekunabeni ngale ntloko ingasentla, ndothanda ukukhe ndenze amagqabantshintshi malunga nesi sihloko sikukufa. Ndikubona kubalulekile kuba ukufa kuyinxenye yobomi bethu, kuphakathi kokuba umntu abe uyaphila okanye abe ufile, qwaba ke.
Ezi mpawu ziyathungelana, ke ngoko akufuneki ubani akhangele into ibe nye, angazinanzi ezinye. Intsingiselo yomhobe izalwa kukusebenzisana kwezi mpawu, kudaleke ifuthe eliphuhlisa injongo yombongo lowo.
Igama elithi imifanekiso-ngqondweni libaluleke kakhulu kwisimbo sokubonga yaye libandakanya izafobe kunye nemifanekiso-ngqondweni esithi sibe nayo ezingcingeni zethu. Umfanekiso-ngqondweni yinto esithi siyicinge xa sisiva amazwi athile. Kuye kudaleke umfanekiso ocace gca athi umfundi awubhekisele kwawakhe amava nolwazi lwezinto.
<fn>RestXho1-11-2005.txt</fn>
Kukhutshwa esi saziso ngokuhambelana no"Mthetho kaMasipala ongeeNkonzo zaManzi weSixeko saseKapa wokuCutha okanye ukuThintela ukuSetyenziswa kwaManzi" obupapashwe kwiGazethi yePhondo enguNomb. 5994 ngowama-28 Matshi 2003, obhengeza ukuba, ukuqala ngowoku-1 Novemba 2005 de kukhutshwe isaziso, izithintelo ezihlaziyiweyo, neziya kuxhomekeka kwimiqathango ethile eya kube ibekiwe, mazisetyenziswe kwimida yeSixeko saseKapa. Ezi zithintelo zihlaziyiweyo zenzelwe ukuba zikhuthaze 'ulawulo nolondolozo lwamanzi ngendlela eyiyo' esele luthotyelwa ngabo bonke abasebenzisi bamanzi njengoko kwakuvunyelwene neSebe leMicimbi yaManzi. Le mirhumo ikhoyo iza kutshintsha ukususela kuMrhumo weSithintelo oyi-20% ukuya kuMrhumo oHlisiweyo oyi-10% kumanzi nakwizinto ezichaphazela impilo yoluntu, (oku sekwamkelwe liBhunga). Injongo yesi saziso kukuba waziswe ngezithintelo ezintsha eziza kuqala ukusebenza ngowo-1 Novemba 2005, neziza kungena endaweni yezo bezikho kuqala zomgangatho 2. Nabani na ofuna ukuba angachaphazeleki kolu thintelo, makakwenze oko ngokuqhagamshelana nee-ofisi ezidweliswe ngezantsi apha. Nabani na owaphula imimiselo yesi saziso, uyakufunyaniswa enetyala kwaye ohlwaye ngokuhlawuliswa. Abophula lo mthetho kufuneka kunikwe ingxelo yabo kule nombolo ivuleleke ama-24 eeyure, 0860 10 30 54.
Noxa kuvumelekile ukuba ubani ankcenkceshele ngeziprinkla ngazo zonke iintsuku, akukho mntu oya kuthi engafumenanga mvume kwiBhunga ankcenkceshele ngamanzi eBhunga igadi, ibala lemidlalo, ipaki, okanye nayiphi indawo enengca esebenzisa amanzi aselekayo phakathi ko-10:00 no-17:00.
Xa unkcenkceshela igadi, ibala lemidlalo, ipaki, okanye nayiphi indawo enengca ngamanzi aselekayo usebenzisa umbhobho wamanzi, lo mbhobho awusayi kushiywa ungahoywanga ngaphandle kokuba kukho into ewalawulayo loo manzi aphumayo.
Akukho mntu oya kuthi engafumenanga mvume kwiBhunga ahlambe imigangatho eyomeleleyo okanye iipavumente enkcenkceshela ngombhobho esebenzisa amanzi aselekayo.
Umbhobho osetyenziselwa ukuhlamba iimoto, iinqanawe, iikharaveni uya kufakwa iqhosha elikwazi ukuwavala loo manzi.
Yonke imishini ezisebenzelayo yokucoca umchamo mayicinywe kuzo zonke izakhiwo ngamaxesha ezo zakhiwo zingasetyenziswa nguwonke wonke- okanye ngabasebenzi abangengabo apbo bacocayo. Uyacelwa ukuba unike ingqalelo kuMmiselo weGazethi yePhondo onguNombolo 5014 othintela ukusetyenziswa kwemishini ezisebenzelayo yokucoca umchamo kwizakhiwo ezitsha.
nalapho eminye imibhobho yamanzi engaphathwayo isetyenziswayo kwaye isaziso somthombo walo manzi sibekwe kwindawo ecacileyo apho wonke ubani angasibona ngokucacileyo.
Zonke izicelo (zokungachaphazeleki kolu hlaziyo) ezivunywe phambi komhla wama-31 Okthobha, azisasebenzi kungoku nje. Izicelo ngoku ziya kuvunywa phantsi kwezizathu ezithile.
<fn>SAPS. Framework.2009-02-26.xh.txt</fn>
Ulwimi lomntu ngandlela zonke "luyinxalenye yakhe": ibango lendalo lomntu wonke ophilileyo, esilisebenzisayo ukuveza iminqweno nezimvo zethu, ukucacisa iingcinga nokuxabiseka kwethu, ukuphonononga amava namasiko ethu, nokwakha uluntu lwethu nemithetho elawulayo. Kungolwimi ukuba sibe sisebenza njengabantu kwilizwe elitshintsha njalo. Ilungelo lokusebenzisa iilwimi zethu ezisemthethweni esizikhetheleyo lukhankanyiwe kuMthetho wamaLungelo oYilwayo yaye uMgaqo- siseko wethu uvuma ukuba iilwimi zabantu bethu ngumthombo wolwazi ekufuneka uqiniswe.
Ndizingca ngakumbi, emva kwenkqubo ecokisekileyo yeengcebiswano, ekugqibeleni sikwimo yokubhengeza iSakhelo senkqubo yolwimi yaseMzantsi Afrika. Oku kukugqitywa kwenkqubo eyayiqalwe ngowe 1995 xa ndandiqeshe iQela elinoXanduva loCwangciso loLwimi (Language Plan Task Group)(LANGTAG) ukundicebisa ngeSakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi nesicwangciso esidibeneyo. Eli nyathelo laliyimfuneko ngokujonga ukunqongophala kokunyamezela iyantlukwano kwiilwimi yaye isiphumo "seelwimi ngeelwimi siyingxaki eyinkcitho" yindlela ecacileyo kwamanye amasebe oluntu lwethu, kwakhona unyembo olukhulayo kubantu bolwimi ngomkhwa wolwimi olunye eMzantsi Afrika.
Isakhelo senkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe sisekeke kwisiphumo seenkqubo zethu zokucebisana, ngo- LANGTAG nangeenzame zeSebe ngokuhlangeneyo noLuhlu lwabantu oluCebisayo kwiNkqubo yoLwimi. Isakhelo senkqubo yolwimi yesizwe sibalulekile kulawulo lwemithombo yethu yolwimi eyahlukeneyo nokuphumelela kwenjongo karhulumente ukunyusa inkululeko, ubulungisa, ukufaneleka nomanyano lwesizwe. Kungalo moya ukuba uphuhliso lweelwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni zelizwe lethu njengoko kubekiwe kuMgaqo-siseko luthathe iqonga eliphezulu kwinkqubo.
Esi Sakhelo seNkqubo sikwathatha unakano lomba wokuba ixabiso leelwimi zethu luqinisekiswa kakhulu luqoqosho, intlalo nopolitiko lokusetyenziswa kwazo. Xa ulwimi luphelelwe lixabiso kwezi zibakala isidima solwimi siyaduka. Isakhelo senkqubo yolwimi yesizwe sikwaqwalasela nokuba sijongene nomceli mngeni wobumbano yaye iilwimi zethu zesintu kufuneka zibe yinxalenye yommandla wobuchwepheshe obunwena ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke sijonge ukuqinisa kwakhona isidima nosetyenziso lweeLwimi zesiNtu zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Ndithemba ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika baza kusamkela esi sakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe njengesabo. Ndikholelwa ukuba ngokuhlangeneyo kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba inkqubo ibubunyani ebomini bethu, ivuma yaye isenza ukuba sibe nebhongo ngobuni bethu obubodwa boMzantsi Afrika.
Malunga nama 25 eelwimi ezahlukeneyo ezithethwayo eMzantsi Afrika, kuzo ezili 11 ezithe zanikwa ibakala elisemthethweni ngokwayamene neCandelo 6 loMgaqo-siseko, ka-1996 (UMthetho No. 108 wama 1996), phantsi kwemiba yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuquka malunga nama 98 eepesenti zoluntu luphela.
Iilwimi ezili 11 ezisemthethweni zezi, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu nesiSwati (ezaziwa ngokuba liqela lolwimi lwesiNguni); isiSotho, isiPedi nesiTswana (ezaziwa ngokuba liqela lolwimi lwesiSotho); Tshivenda, Xitsonga, isiNgesi nesiBhulu.
UMzantsi Afrika lilizwe elinobuninzi beelwimi. Uphawu olothusayo lobuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika ngumba wokuba iilwimi zesiNtu ezininzi zithethwa kwimida yonke yephondo, zisetyenziswa ngabathethi bolwimi bamaphondo awohlukeneyo.
Ngoku kukho ukuqonda okumandla kwemfuneko yokuqinisa iinzame zokuphuhlisa iilwimi zesintu ebezihlelelekile mandulo ukuphakamisa ubuninzi bolwimi ngenjongo yokukhulula abantu baseMzantsi Afrika kuxhomekeko olungafanelekanga lokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezingezizo ezesiNtu njengeelwimi ezisemthethweni eziveleleyo zikaRhulumente.
Ukuza kutsho ngoku ulawulo lweyantlukwano yeelwimi kuMzantsi Afrika wamandulo wocalulo lwenziwe lwayingxaki ngenxa yokusilela kwenkqubo yolwimi ecacileyo, ekhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kwesiNgesi nesiBhulu njengezona lwiimi ziveleleyo kwimihlaba yentlalo-qoqosho nopolitiko loluntu lwethu.
yeelwimi nenkcubeko nakwimiceli mngeni yobuninzi beelwimi obukumgaqo- siseko, yiloo nto kuvezwe esi Sakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe.
Le nkqubo yoxwebhu lesakhelo ayiqalisi kuphela indlela entsha yobuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika koko ikwakhuthaza ngokumandla ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi zesiNtu njengeelwimi ezisemthethweni ukuphakamisa nokuphuhlisa umanyano lwesizwe. Iqwalasela ukwamkelwa okuphangaleleyo kweyantlukwano yeelwimi, ubulungisa bentlalo, umthetho siseko wokufumana okulinganayo kwiinkonzo zoluntu neenkqubo, nokuhlonitshwa kwamalungelo olwimi.
Esi sakhelo sibeka ubume obufanelekileyo bolwabiwo oludibeneyo lobuninzi beelwimi kwimiba yoMgaqo-siseko.
Ukususela ekufikeni kokuqala kwamaDatshi eMzantsi Afrika ngowama-1652, kwixesha lolawulo olulandelelanayo lwamaNgesi, iManyano yoMzantsi Afrika, yaye kamva ukubekwa kukaRhulumente wengcinezelo noweRiphablikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, nokufika kwedemokrasi ngo-1994 namalungiselelo oMgaqo-siseko kubuninzi beelwimi ezisemthethweni, inkqubo yolwimi lukaRhulumente nabaphetheyo ayikwazanga kuphumelela ukunakana iyantlukwano yeelwimi eMzantsi Afrika.
Le meko yaba neziphumo zokungalingani kweelwimi nokuvelela kwesiNgesi nesiBhulu kwadala unxulumano olungalinganiyo phakathi kwezi lwiimi kunye neelwimi zesiNtu.
Ngako oko, iinkqubo zolwimi zezithanga nezocalulo, kunye neenkqubo zopolitiko ezentlalo nezoqoqosho, zavelisa uluhlu lweelwimi, ukungalingani okwahlutywa yimibutho yobuhlanga nocalulo olungalinganiyo olwenze uluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika.
Zonke ezi zenzo zadala inyaniso ecacileyo yesiphumo somgangatho weelwimi zesintu neelwimi ezizindidi ngeendidi zama-Afrika namanye amaqela ahlelelekileyo ukuquka neziThulu neeMfama - kunyanzelwa iingcinga ezigxekayo zeelwimi zesiNtu, ezingenziwa kuphela ngabathethi besiNgesi nesiBhulu, koko kwanangabathethi abaninzi beelwimi zesiNtu ngokwabo.
Le meko yandiswa ngumba wokuba ukuba ngenxa yokungakhathaleli ixesha elizayo nangezimvo ezenziwe ngokwemimiselo malunga nokuphumeza iilwimi ngeelwimi, amaziko oluntu nawabucala anento yokuthatha izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo zolwimi.
Icandelo 6 loMgaqo-siseko lunika isakhelo esiyintloko esisemthethweni sobuninzi beelwimi, uphuhliso lweelwimi ezisemthethweni nokuphakamisa ukuxabisa nokwamkela iyantlukwano yeelwimi zaseMzantsi Afrika. Inika abemi amalungelo olwimi, ekufuneka ebonakaliswe kwiinkqubo zolwimi zesizwe.
Umgaqo-siseko ugxininisa ukuba zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni "mazixhamle isidima esifanayo" zize ziphathwe ngokufanayo, ngako oko kuqiniswe umgangatho nosetyenziso lweelwimi zesintu, norhulumente ethatha amanyathelo omthetho nangamanye ukumisela nokulawula usetyenziso lweelwimi zesiNtu ezihlelelekileyo.
Umgaqo-siseko uyalele utshintsho kwimeko yolwimi kwilizwe liphela, unika ingqiqo yentlalo nopolitiko kumaqela eelwimi ezihlelelekileyo ngokubhekiselele " kwiimfuno ezixeliweyo zabahlali namaqela anomdla".
Icandelo 6(2) loMgaqo-siseko lifuna ukuba kubekwe ngendlela iinkqubo zokusebenza ukuphuhlisa ezi lwimi zesiNtu.
Icandelo lesi-6(3) nelesi-(4) anamalungiselelo anxulumene nolwimi ngooRhulumente besizwe nabamaphondo, nalapho amasebe kaRhulumente kufuneka asebenzise ubuncinane beelwimi ezimbini ezisemthethweni.
Ukunyusa iyantlukwano yeelwimi ngokungakumbi, icandelo lesi-6(5) linika ukubekwa kweBhodi yeeLwimi Poqo zaseMzantsi Afrika (Pan South African Language Board) (PanSALB) likwaphakamisa iilwimi ezininzi nokubona uphuhliso nosetyenziso lweelwimi ezingezizo ezo zisemthethweni kuphela, koko nezo lwimi zamaKhoyi, amaNama namaSan , kwakunye (no/nee)lwimi zeZandla zaseMzantsi Afrika. IPanSALB yakha intlonipho yeeLwimi zeMvelo ezithethwayo ziingingqi ezithile zabahlali nezo lwimi ezisetyenziselwa iinjongo zenkolo.
Amanye amalungiselelo afanelekileyo aphathelele kwimiba yolwimi enziwe kwenye indawo kuMgaqo-siseko. Icandelo lesi-9(3) likhusela ngokuchaseneyo nocalulo olungafanelekanga ngokuphathelele kulwimi, ngexesha amacandelo 30 no 31(1) ebhekiselela kumalungelo oluntu ngokwayamene nokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkcubeko, inkolo nolwimi nolonwabo. Icandelo lama-35(3) nelesi (4) abhekiselela kumalungelo olwimi abantu ababanjiweyo, abagciniweyo nabatyholwayo, ngokugxininisa ngakumbi kwilungelo lokuthethwa kwetyala okulungileyo ngeenkqubo ezenziwe okanye ezitolikwe ngolwimi olukhethwe nguloo mntu.
Isebe lezeMfundo (DoE) liveze iNkqubo yoLwimi kwiMfundo (LiEP), egxininisa iilwimi ezininzi njengokunatyiswa kweyantlukwano yenkcubeko nendawo ephambili yokwakha uMzantsi Afrika ongenabuhlanga. Umgqaliselo kubafundi kukugcina ulwimi lwasekhaya lokufunda nokufundisa, kodwa ukukhuthaza abafundi ukuzuza iilwimi ezongezelelweyo.
zikawonke-wonke, iikharityhulamu zesikolo, nemisebenzi enxulumene nolwimi yamasebe emfundo ephondo neebhodi ezilawula isikolo.
Umgaqo-siseko nonxulumano lowiso-mithetho kucaca ngokuphandle ukuphakanyiswa kobuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika. Esi Sakhelo seNkqubo ngako oko simelwe kukulungiselela ngokwanelisayo udibaniso lwenkqubo yolwimi kwimigangatho yomithathu kaRhulumente size sicacise imiba yenkqubo ecacileyo kumgangatho nosetyenziso lweelwimi zesintu ezisemthethweni kumaphondo onke alithoba eMzantsi Afrika.
Inkqubo yolwimi ithathela ingqalelo amalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko kubuninzi beelwimi yaye ihambelana neenjongo zikaRhulumente zophuhliso loqoqosho, intlalo yopolitiko nemfundo.
Kuphakamisa ulawulo olulungileyo lolwimi lwenkonzo yolawulo yoluntu efanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana nokulindelweyo neemfuno zabaxhasi.
qinisa ukuzicingela kwabantu ekuhlangabezeni umdla, iimfuno nolangazelelo lweendidi ezinabileyo zabathethi bolwimi ngengxoxo nocamngco oluqhubekayo.
Ukunyusa ubuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika kufuna iinzame ezingathi zingalujongi ulwazi olukhoyo kuluntu apho iilwimi zesintu ezisemthethweni ziphambili. Oku kuza kwenziwa lusetyenziso lokubandakanywa kwabahlali njengabathathi nxaxheba kwiinkqubo zophuhliso lolwimi.
Iza kuba luncedo ukubandakanya iinkcutshe zolwimi ukuncedisa kwinkqubo yokuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zobuninzi beelwimi ngophando nokusasazwa kweziphumo.
Ukwenza intsebenziswano nolwabelwano loxanduva phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu eSADC ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lolwimi.
Kuza kuba yimfuneko ukuqhuba iinkqubo zokuhlaziya ukwenzela kulawulwe inkqubela phambili kuluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika olubuninzi bolwimi bupheleleyo.
Uluntu olusekelwe kwindlela ekuphakanyisweni kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo yeyona inokwenzeka, enikwa uluntu loMzantsi Afrika onezigxina ezininzi ngexesha elinye. Makubekho indlela ekwabelwana ngayo amagunya kwaye ibe yeyothabatho nxaxheba kuyilo lweelwimi kunye nakuphumezo lwenkqubo enyusa ubuchule bobugcisa ukuze idlulise ulwazi nezakhono.
Zonke izakhiwo zikaRhulumente (ezesizwe, zamaphondo kunye noorhulumente beengingqi), ngokunjalo namaziko asebenzisa amagunya karhulumente okanye enza umsebenzi karhulumente ngokomthetho abotshelelwe sesi Sakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi.
Ekuphakamiseni iilwimi ezininzi amaphondo ayawukwenza iinkqubo zawo ezingqinelanayo nemigaqo equlethwe kwesi Sakhelo seNkqubo, bethathela ingqalelo iimeko zemimandla yabo, kunye neemfuno zabo nokukhethwa kwalo luluntu njengoko kuxeliwe kuMgaqo-siseko.
Oorhulumente beengingqi bayakumisela ukusetyenziswa kolwimi kunye nokukhethwa luluntu kwiSakhelo seNkqubo sephondo esivumayo. Ekumiselweni kolwimi emalusetyenziswe kunye nokukhethwa luluntu, oorhulumente beengingqi, kufuneka ngokucebisana okubanzi kunye noluntu lwabo, baphuhlise, bapapashe kwaye baphumeze inkqubo yeelwimi ezininzi.
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni ziza kusetyenziswa njengoko kuyimfuneko kwimisebenzi yazo zonke izindlu zowiso-mthetho, kuqukwa neencwadi ze- Hansard, njengomcimbi wokulunga, ngaphandle kokuba kwimeko yowiso- mthetho lwamaphondo, iimeko zemimandla ziyakumisela u(ii)lwimi omalusetyenziswe.
URhulumente uyakukhuthaza, kwaye apho kukho imfuneko axhase, amashishini abucala ukuba aphuhlise kwaye aphumeze iinkqubo zawo zeelwimi ngokuvumelana neSakhelo seNkqubo yolwimi yesizwe.
lokusebenza (ngeenjongo zonxibelelwano lwangaphakathi kunye namanye amasebe); Ngaphandle kokuba apho kunokwenzeka akukho mntu uyakuthintelwa ukuba asebenzise u(ii)lwimi alukhethayo. Ngeenjongo zokuqhuba iintlanganiso okanye zokwenza imisebenzi ekhethekileyo zonke mazenziwe iinzame zokusebenzisa izibonelelo ezifana noguqulo kunye/okanye ukutolika (zombini ngokulandelelanayo nangaxeshanye, ngokunjalo nokutolika okusebezayo) ukulwenza lula ulwimi apho kunokwenzeka khona.
UNxibelelwano kunye namalungu oluntu: Ngeenjongo zeembalelwano ezisemthethweni, ulwimi olukhethwa ngummi malusetyenziswe. Lonke unxibelelwano lomlomo malwenzeke malwenziwe ngolwimi olukhethekayo loluntu ekujoliswe kulo. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, zonke iinzame mazenziwe ezokusebenzisa izibonelelo zokwenza lula ulwimi njengokutolika (okulandelelanayo, okwaxesha nye, olomnxeba notoliko olusebezayo) apho kunokwenzeka khona.
Apho umsebenzi onamandla nozinzileyo kaRhulumente kuwo nakuwuphi na umgangatho ufuna ulwazi lonxibelelwano olubanzi, kufuneka ushicilelwe ngazo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni kunye nakumaphondo, ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezimiselweyo.
Kwizehlo apho amaxwebhu asebuRhulumenteni angazi kufumaneka ngazo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni, amasebe kaRhulumente wesizwe funeka apapashe amaxwebhu ngaxeshanye okungenani ngeelwimi ezintandathu.
Umthetho-siseko wokutshintsha kufuneka usetyenziswe xa kukhethwa iilwimi zokupapashwa kwamaxwebhu kaRhulumente kwiilwimi zesiNguni kunye nesiSotho.
3.1 Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yeelwimi kuyakunyusa imfuno yomsebenzi wokuguqula kunye nokuhlela kunye neenkonzo zokutolika, ingakumbi kwiilwimi zesintu. Undoqo wobuchule bokuguqula kwezi lwimi kuyakufuneka ukuba unatyiswe kumasebe kaRhulumente nakumacandelo abucala, oko kukuthi, kubasebenzi ngeelwimi abasebenza ixeshana abanjengabaguquli, abahleli kunye neetoliki eziza kufuna ukuphuhliswa. Imfuno enyukileyo yeenkonzo zabasebenzi ngeelwimi abaqinisekisiweyo iyakufuna uqeqesho lwezakhono olungaphaya.
Ukusekwa kweeyunithi zeelwimi kwisebe ngalinye likarhulumente wesizwe kunye nakwiphondo ngalinye nako kuyakwenza into kumda wemisebenzi yeNkonzo yeeLwimi zeSizwe. I-NLS kuyakufuneka ukuba ilungelelanise ulawulo lokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo ngokwenza lula uqeqesho lweyunithi yesitafu seelwimi kwimisebenzi yoyilo lweelwimi kunye nokuxhasa iinkqubo zokusebenza zezi yunithi. I-NLS iya kuba yimfanelo yayo ukulungelelanisa uphuhliso lweenkqubo zokuqeqesha zabaguquli, abahleli kunye neetoliki, kunye nokuseka imigaqo yokusebenza kwimiba yobulunga.
Imimandla ye-terminography kunye nesigama nayo iya kuchaphazeleka. Ukunyuka kumsebenzi woguqulo uyakufuna uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwesigama kwiilwimi ezisemthethweni kunye noVimba wamagama weSizwe ofikelelekayo kubo bobabini abasebenzi ngeelwimi bakarhulumente nabasebenza ngamathuba athile.
Ukufumaneka kokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe beelwimi obunokusetyenziswa ngumntu (HLT)(umzekelo, uguqulo oluncediswa ngumatshini, iinkumbulo zoguqulo, isikhangeli magama) kwiilwimi zesintu kuyakudlala indima enkulu exhasayo ekwenziweni lula kwemisebenzi yeelwimi.
Indlela yobungakanani beeyunithi zeelwimi iyakumiselwa kwaye uqeqesho lwezakhono kulo mmandla kuyakufuneka ukuba kuqalwe ngalo emva kokucingwa kwenani leelwimi ezisemthethweni eziza kusetyenziswa.
ekusetyenzisweni kweelwimi, uguqulo nokuhlela, ukutolika, uyilo lwelwimi, terminography ne-lexicography.
Ukungeniswa okuqhubayo kokungeniswa kwenkqubo ngexesha elifutshane, eliphakathi nelide sesona sicwangciso sikhethekayo kuyo yonke imigangatho.
Ngokumayela noshicilelo lukarhulumente, uphunyezo luyakungeniswa ngendlela evumayo nejonga okubambekayo kwizibonelelo zikarhulumente okungenani kwixesha leminyaka emithathu. Okuhle kule ndlela yokungenisa kancinane kukuba amasebe aza kuba nakho ukuphuhlisa izakhono ngokwandisayo kwaye alawule inkqubo yophunyezo ngamandla.
Izakhiwo zikarhulumente ziya kuba nexesha lokuceba uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwazo ngokwenyusa kancinane ulwabiwo kwixesha le-MTEF kunye nemisebenzi yokuyila engqinelanayo nezibonelelo ezifunekayo kuphunyezo olunempumelelo lwenkqubo.
Iindlela zokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ubulunga beenkonzo zoguqulo kunye nokuhlela ziyakuphuhliswa.
Ngokuhlanganyelana kunye ne-PanSALB, iSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko liyakuhlola inkqubela kwaye lenze ingxelo ngamathuba axeliweyo kuzo zonke iziphathamandla ezibalulekileyo.
Uphengululo lwenkqubo luyakuqhutywa rhoqo kwaye izindululo ziyawukwenzelwa ukuba zilungiswe apho kukho khona imfuneko ukwenzela ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo mali lunyenyiswe.
nonxibelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe apho kukho khona imfuneko.
yokuziPhatha yabaSebenzi bakaRhulumente, ukusekwa kweBhunga labaSebenzi ngeeLwimi loMzantsi Afrika, iNkonzo yoToliko ngomNxeba yoMzantsi Afrika (Telephone Interpreting Service for South Africa) (TISSA), isicwangciso sophuhliso lweelwimi ebezingasiwa so ngaphambili njengeHLT.
nokuxhasa ukufundwa kunye nokufundiswa kwazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni zoMzantsi Afrika kuyo yonke imigangatho yesikolo.
yokusetyenziswa ngobuchule obulinganayo kuzo zombini.
kushicilelo lwemisebenzi yoncwadi kolo lwimi.
nomyalezo olusetyenziselwe wona.
lwimi. Ziquka iilwimi zesintu, iilwimi zamafa kunye ne-SASL.
Ulwimi lwemveli lwelo lizwe.
kulwimi ekujoliswe kulo.
ubulungisa, ulawulo loluntu kunye nomyalelo.
ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu.
ekubeni imisele iindawo zokusetyenziswa kolwimi oluthile.
ngokuveza ezinye iinjongo, iindlela kunye neziphumo.
Imithetho emisela isimo apho abemi banokuzikhethela iilwimi.
Umsebenzi wokuqulunqa izichazi magama.
ukusuka kolunye ulwimi kuye kolunye.
zithathwa njengeelwimi ezingasiwa so eMzantsi Afrika.
yikharityhulam kunye nenkqubo yelwimi.
banokufikelela kolunye kunolusetyenziswayo olusemthethweni.
bommandla othile okanye isizwe.
zomthetho, kwimfundo, kushishino, nangabeendaba.
kusiya kolunye (ekujoliswe kulo) ulwimi ngohlobo olubhaliweyo.
<fn>STATS. MultilingualWordList.2010-11-09.xh.txt</fn>
Ixabiso lentengo, i-inshorensi kunye nentlawulo yothutho ic.i.
Uthutho olungahlawulelwayo f.o.b.
<fn>SW-ARTS_booking_form_rev_131009-XHOSA.txt</fn>
Zalisa ifomu uyithumele ngefeksi kuLawulo lweNkunkuma: Ukufundiswa noKwaziswa koLuntu kwa-021 400 5922.
I-ARTS sisiza esisebenzayo esinemithetho yokhuseleko ephatheleneyo. Xa utyelela IZiko loVimba I-ARTS, le mithetho iya kuca-ciswa kubafundi/abatyeleli ngomqathango wokuba ithotyelwe ngawo onke amaxesha. IBhunga linelungelo lokurhoxisa okanye ukunciphisa utyelelo xa ithe le miqathango ayathotyelwa.
Onke amaqela esikolo/abantwana kufuneka babe phantsi kolawulo lomntu omdala. Amaqela esikolo/abantwana bayacelwa ukuba bagcine ubuncinane utitshala/umntu omdala omnye kubafundi/abantwana abali-10 ngalinye.
Ukubhukisha okubambelayo kungenziwa ngefeksi kwi-ofisi yokubhukisha yoLawulo lweNkunkuma.
Makwenziwe isaziso esibhaliweyo sokurhoxisa utyelelo iiveki ezimbini ngaphambi komhla obhukishiweyo.
Ngo-2002/3, izigidi ezi-2,3 zenkunkuma eninzi yenziwa ngabahlali, abatyeleli namashishini eKapa -oku kuphantse kube yi-2 kg ngomntu ngamnye ngemini ubuncinane. Ukwenziwa kwenkunkuma kukhula phantse nge-7% ngonyaka- ngokhukhawuleza kwenani lokukhula kwabemi le- 1,7%. Amanxiwa okugqumelela inkunkuma amathathu eSixeko sele evaliwe, kwaye amathathu aseleyo ayazala ngokukhawuleza.
Isebe loLawulo lweNkunkuma leSixeko lizimisele ukudala ulwazi nempembelelo yolawulo lwenkunkuma, nembuyekezo yolawulo lwenkunkuma oluhlanganisiweyo. Ootitshala, abafundi nentsapho zabo bayinxalenye yelilinge lesiSixeko. Ukwenzela ukwazisa abafundi kuhambo lomsinga wenkunkuma, iSixeko sinika abafundi ithuba lokutyelela esinye sezikhululo zaso sotshintsho lwenkunkuma.
Isikhululo soTshintsho lweNkunkuma sase-Athlone (ARTS), esineminyaka esibhozo sikhona, silungisiwe savulwa kanye ukunika abatyeleli isenzeko semfundo ngokusebenzisana kulawulo lwenkunkuma, ukucwezela Inkunkuma nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma lgendlela eyiyo. Utyelelo kwi- ARTS lunika ootitshala nabafundi ingqiqo kuhambo lomsinga wenkunkuma.
Utyelelo kwi-ARTS luya kuthi lwenzeke phantsi kwenkokhelo yabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo. Nanjengoko isisiza sokusebenza, inemithetho nemigaqo yokhuseleko engqongqo. Bonke abatyeleli kufuneke beyithobele le mithetho, kwaye batyikitye ifomu yokhuselo.
Uya kunikwa ibhib. Yinxibe ngawo onke amaxesha, uyibuyise emva kotyelelo kwiziko.
Inombolo yomnxeba yomzali/umlondolozi: (eyomsebenzi)... (enye)likagqirha... Inombolo yomnxeba kagqirha...
Izimo zempilo: isifo sokuma akukho nasinye okunye nika iinkcukacha...
Ndiyavuma ukuba umntwana wam athathe inxaxheba kolu tyelelelo.
Ndiyaqonda ngokuzeleyo kwaye ndisamkela ukuba yonke imisetyenzana yenziwa kumngcipheko womntwana wam.
Ndiyazi ukuba iSixeko saseKapa okanye abasebenzi baso okanye ii-arhente azisayi kwamkela xanduva lwelahleko, ukonzakala okanye umonakalo olunokwenzeka emntwaneni wam okanye kwizinto zakhe ngelixa ethabatha inxaxheba kutyelelo, ndirhoxisa naliphina ilungelo endinokuba nalo mna okanye umntwana wam lokubanga Imbuyekezo kwiSixeko saseKapa, abasebenzi baso okanye Ii-arhente ngokuphathelene nayo nayiphina ilahleko, ukonzakala okanye umonakalo owenzeke ngelixa ekutyelelo, nokuba ivele njani na nokuba yenzeke ngenxa yokungakhathali okanye enye Into, ndiyabakhusela ke ngoku kuwo onke amabango.
<fn>Smart Living Handbook (Full version) Xhosa 2009_06.txt</fn>
Le ncwadana, esekwe kwiNcwadi yesiKhokelo sokuPhathwa kokusiNgqongileyo kwiKhaya lokuLawulwa kokusiNgqongileyo i-AMATHEMBA iphuhliswe egameni lesiXeko saseKapa yi-AMATHEMBA kwakunye nequmrhu le-Eneji esisiGxina e-Afrika, ukanti imizobo noyilo lwenziwe ngabakwaDotted Line Design.
Incwadi le ngumzekelo ophathekayo wolawulo lwentsebenziswano, exhaswe ngezimali sisiXeko saseKapa, iSebe lePhondo lemiCimbi yokusiNgqongileyo nokuCetywa koPhuhliso kwakunye neSebe likaZwelonke lemiCimbi yezaManzi namaHlathi kwakunye nenkxaso evela kwinkqubo yeDANIDA yoLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo eziDolophini.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwencwadi enjengale kufune uphando, izigxeko-zincomo kwakunye neengcebiso ezisuka kumajelo amaninzi ohlukileyo. Sivuma ngomkhulu umbulelo inxaxheba enikwe ngabo bonke abathe banegalelo kwiinkcukacha eziqulathwe yile ncwadi.
Ubungozi nomngcipheko weenguqu ezikwimozulu kokusingqongileyo nakuqoqosho buqondwa kakuhle lihlabathi lonke.
Kananjalo siye siqonda ukuba imithombo yendalo namafutha enziwe ngeefosili anqongophele.
Ukunqongophala kwamanzi esikubonileyo kwisiXeko saseKapa kusenze sonke sakuqonda ukuba le mithombo asinto esifanele kukuyijonga singayithatheli ngqalelo.
Ukucima kombane okwenzeke kaninzi luphawu lweengxaki zonqongophalo lwamafutha eefosili kwihlabathi jikelele.
Kule minyaka izayo ngokukhula kweemfuno kunye nokunqongophala kwamafutha ezithuthi, kuza kubiza kakhulu ukwenza umbane ngamafutha eefosili.
IKapa lidume kakhulu ngesikumkani seentyatyambo salo, kodwa nesi sikumkani sisengozini ngenxa yotshabalaliso olwenziwa luphuhliso oluqhubekayo kwakunye noxinzelelo kokusingqongileyo olwenziwa lungcoliseko lomoya kwakunye neenguqu kwimozulu.
Ukuze sikwazi ukufikelela nokuphumeza iinjongo esizibekele zona ngokunxulumene ne-eneji, amanzi, inkunkuma nolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zeziphili, isiXeko saseKapa sifuna ukuncedwa ngabantu baso.
Incwadana yokuphila NGOKULUMKILEYO iqulethe uthotho lwamanqanaba asebenzisekayo anokuthi amakhaya ngamakhaya aseKapa awathabathe ze awasebenzisele ukwenza amakhaya akhuseleke, kongeke nemali lo gama bencedisa ekuphunguleni ukuthwaxeka kokusinqongileyo nendalo yethu exabisekileyo.
La manyathelo aphandwe ngokugqibeleleyo ziingcungcu kwaye abonakalise ukuba angawenza umahluko. Amanyathelo la kugqatyazwe ngawo kulula ukuwaphumeza kwaye angenziwa ngokulula ukuba abe yinxalenye yobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Kananjalo incwadana yokuphila NGOKULUMKILEYO inika ingcaciso kwimibandela ephambili yamajelo okusingqongileyo esijongene nayo silihlabathi kwanalapha phakathi esiXekweni.
Le ncwadana isekwe kwiNcwadana engokusiNgqongileyo emaKhaya yequmrhu i-AMATHEMBA engeNgcebiso zokuLawulwa kokusiNgqongileyo kwakunye neNcwadi yeze-Eneji enge-Eneji esisiGxina e-Afrika ebhalwe yaphuhliswa nguSarah Ward. AmaSebe esiXeko sethu aqinisekisile ukuba ingcaciso enikezwa yile ncwadana ichanekile yaye ayiphelelwanga lixesha, inika imboniselo eyiyo yokwenzeka esiXekweni. ISebe lePhondo leNtshona Kapa lemiCimbi yokusiNgqongileyo nokuCetywa koPhuhliso kwakunye neSebe likaZwe-lonke lemiCimbi yezaManzi namaHlathi, anike le ncwadi inkxaso ngezimali, nto leyo ebonakalisa ulawulo lomfelandawonye xa kufuneka kuliwe neengxaki ezinobuzaza zokusingqongileyo esijongene nazo kule mihla.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba bonke abo bathe bathabatha inxaxheba ekudalweni nasekusungulweni kwale ncwadana engokusingqongileyo baya kuziqenya xa bebona indlela evuthwe ngayo. Imiselwe ukuba ibe yintlahla-ndlela yazo zonke izixeko zaseMzantsi Afrika ze ibe ngumzekelo osebenzisekayo kwihlabathi wokuphuhliseka ngokusisigxina kwesixeko.
Inkunkuma kwisixeko sethu7Inkunkuma ekwikhaya lakho...13Amanyathelo abonakalayo...16Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano nezibonelelo ezikhoyo...
I-eneji kwisixeko sethu38Amandla kwikhaya lakho...47Amanyathelo anokuphunyezwa...55Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano nezibonelelo ezikhoyo...
Amanzi kwisixeko sethu 81Amanzi kwikhaya lakho...87Amanyathelo anokuthathwa...90Iindlela zonxibelelwano nemithombo yolwazi...
Izityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kwisixeko sethu107Izityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nekhaya lakho okanye ingingqi ohlala kuyo...115Amanyathelo asebenzayo...117Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano nezibonelelo ezikhoyo...
ezifumaneka kulo. Nakubeni kunjalo, lijongene nemiceli-mngeni yamajelo yokusingqongileyo enzima kakhulu. Uphuhliso lommandla kwakunye nongcoliseko lutshabalalisa amakhaya endalo, nto leyo ebeka emngciphekweni wentshabalalo izityalo ezininzi ezizodwa, amasele anqabileyo nezinambuzane ezihlala kula makhaya. Ukufudumala okukhulayo kwihlabathi okubangelwa kokukhutshwa ziinqwelo-mafutha nemvelisombane kuya kuba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kubo bonke ubomi kwisiXeko sethu. Amajelo amanzi aye enqongophala ngokukhawuleza kwaye neetiphu ziyagcwala.
Kananjalo iKapa linophawu olucacileyo lomahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezityebi namahlwempu. Abanye abemi beKapa basebenzisa amanzi, umbane, amafutha nepetroli eninzi kwaye bavelisa inkunkuma eninzi ngokunokude kodlule ummi waseMelika okumndilili, lo gama abanye basahlala kwimizi emininzi enempompo enye yamanzi, besebenzisa amafutha ayingozi anjengeparafini ukupheka.
Singenza ntoni ngoku Singanako ukuguqula izinto senze umahluko?
Ngalo lonke ixesha ulayita isibane sikagesi, uqhuba inqwelo-mafutha yakho, uvulela amanzi etephini okanye ulahla inkunkuma yakho, wenza isigqibo esichapazela okusingqongileyo. Amajelo endalo - amanzi, amalahle, i-oyile, umhlaba, impepho - aya kutsha okanye aphele ukuba siwasebenzisa ngesantya esingaphezulu kwexesha alifunayo ukuze azizalise kwakhona. Kukho imiqondiso emininzi eyalatha ukuba oku sele kuqalile ukwenzeka.
Ifuthe lokuthwaxeka kwendalo ngamakhaya likhulu kakhulu. Ukuze siqinisekise ukuba sinamajelo oneleyo aza kusithwala - aza kwanela wonke umntu kwimihla esiphila kuyo kwanemihla ezayo - kufuneka siwaphathe kakuhle amajelo ethu, sisebenzise oko sinako ngobuchule nangokufanelekileyo. Uninzi lwethu luyazi ukuba kufanelekile ukuba sikwenze oku, kodwa kumathuba amaninzi asiqinisekanga ngeyona-yona nto ekufanele siyenze nendlela ekufanele siyenze ngayo. Le ncwadana ijolise ekukunikeni iinkcukacha malunga namanzi, inkunkuma, i-eneji neentlobo-ntlobo zeziphili kwakunye nezinto eziphathekayo ubani anokuzenza ukuze kubekho inguqu - ukukhusela okusingqongileyo, ukulondoloza imali nokwenza amakhaya ethu abe ziindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokuhlala.
Eyona nto imnandi ngokulondoloza amanzi nombane nokucutha inkunkuma kukuba oku kuya kongela wena nesiXeko saseKapa imali eninzi edingekayo! Amanyathelo acetyiswayo kule ncwadi ayafikeleleka kakhulu ngokwamaxabiso kwaye kulula nokuwenza. Xa ithe into ethile yanexatyiswana eliphezulu, mhlawumbi ukufumana isifudumezi-manzi sesola, ingcaciso uyayinikwa engesithuba sexesha elinokuthathwa siso ukubuyekeza iindleko zokufakelwa kwaso xa ithelekiswa nombane onokuwusebenzisa kwangelo xesha linye.
Enye into ekufaneleke ukuba siyicinge kukuba xa uthenga isixhobo sombane, awuhlawuli nje eli xabiso ulibonayo -koko uyazibophelela ekuqhubekeni uhlawula iindleko zokusisebenzisa esi sixhobo ngalo lonke ixesha sisetyenziswa nguwe. Ezi ndleko zamanzi ne-eneji zikhula ngokukhawuleza. Xa uthenga isixhobo, khumbula ukuba ufumene lithuba elingcono lokutshintshela kwisixhobo esiyakuthi sisebenzise i-eneji namanzi ngendlela efanelekileyo. Kuqhelekile ukuba ezi zixhobo zingaxabisi kakhulu kuyaphi kunezixhobo ezingasebenziseki kakuhle, kwaye ziya kukongela imali ekuhambeni kweminyaka nanjengokuba ii-akhawunti zakho zamanzi ne-eneji ziya kuhla.
Ingaba unqwenela ukuthenga isixhobo esitsha Ukuguqula uhlaziye indlu yakho Ingaba ufuna ukuphatha kakuhle uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwanyanga-zonke lwakho Sonke singathanda ukuthatha izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokuphathelene nolawulo lwamakhaya ethu - ukwenza izigqibo ezingcono ngempilo yethu, ukhuseleko nezipaji zethu, kodwa singakushiyi ngasemva okusingqongileyo. Le ncwadana inengcaciso esebenziseka kakuhle kakhulu nezilumkiso ezisebenzisekayo ezinokukunceda uthathe izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ukucutha ukusebenzisa kwakho amanzi ne-eneji nokucutha inkunkuma owukhuphayo. Kananjalo ikwanika ingcaciso ngendlela esinokugcina ngayo indalo yomelele kwaye izintlobo-ntlobo ezininzi kangangoko kwihlabathi lethu. Ezi zinto zinokwenziwa zingakongela imali kwaye zinokuphucula umgangatho wempilo nokhuseleko kwikhaya lakho. Kananjalo ziyakucutha ifuthe lethu elibi kokusingqongileyo?
Le ncwadana iqulethe ingcaciso eninzi kwaye sicebisa ukuba uzinike ithuba lokuyifunda - kunganzima kakhulu ukuzama ukwenza izinto ezininzi ngexesha elinye. Mhlawumbi kungangcono ukuba uzisikele ixesha lokwenza imisebenzi emitsha ngokweeveki.
Incwadana le yahlulwe yangamacandelo amane: Inkunkuma, I-Eneji, Amanzi neeNtlobo-ntlobo zeziphili.
kwakunye namanyathelo asebenzisekayo - yintoni emayenziwe nendlela yokwenza oko - aya kukunceda akongele imali, aphucule umgangatho wokhuseleko ekhayeni lakho, kuliwe nobuhlwempu, kuliwe noku guquka kwemozulu, kuphuculwe ubulunga bomoya ze kukhuselwe indalo yethu nokusingqongileyo.
Imisetyenzana nemifanekiso inikelwe ukuzamazamana nemiba ethile kwanokukhangela lula ulwazi. Imiba yempilo nokhuseleko nayo ishukuxiwe kwicandelo ngalinye kula mathathu. Uququzelelo nomsebenzi wasekuhlaleni ngundoqo wolawulo olulungileyo, amanyathelo aqalisiweyo ambalwa anomdla eKapa abandakanyiwe kwiingxelo zophando ezimfutshane.
Amakhaya aziintlobo ezahlukileyo ajongene nemiba eyahlukileyo yokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, amakhaya anengeniso-mali eninzi anokufumanisa ukuba asebenzisa umbane omninzi ze afune iindlela anokuziphicotha zokucutha ukusebenzisa kwawo umbane. Ukanti ikhaya elingeniso ingephi lona linokufumanisa ukuba eyona ngxaki yalo inkulu yimpilo nokhuseleko ngenxa yokungakhuseleki kokusetyenziswa kweparafini. Sithemba ukuba le ncwdana iya kusebenziseka kwaye ihambelane neemeko zamakhaya ethu onke eKapa, apho lithe icandelo elithile lakhangeleka lingahambelani nemeko yakho, lishiye udlulele kwicandelo elilandelayo - okanye ukhangele ukuba awungeqwalaseli imeko abajongene nazo abamelwane bakho kusini na.
Iimveliso ezisetyenziswayo ukuze kongeke amanzi ne-eneji ziyafumaneka eKapa kwiivenkile ezithengisa ngezinto zokwakha nakubathengisi bemibhobho nezinto zokutywina nokuhambisa amanzi okanye nakwiivenkile zezinto zombane. Iimveliso 'zohlaza' ezininzi ziyafumaneka kwiivenkile ezinkulu zengingqi ezithengisa ngezinto ngezinto. Iindawo zethu ezithengisa ngezityalo zime ngembambo zizityalo eziziinkulelane kwaye ziyakuba nako ukukunika isikhokelo nengcebiso yokuba zeziphi na izityalo ezinokulungela ummandla wakho.
Nceda qaphela ukuba amaxabiso neentlawulo-zinkonzo ezicatshulweyo kwitekisi ngawelixa loshicilelo kuphela, aya kutshintsha ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Umhlaba sisixokelelwano esivalekileyo senkqunto - akukho nto iphela emehlweni. Endalweni, ivili lobomi lihamba ngokwesixokelelwano esibusazinge kwaye inkunkuma eqinileyo nengaqinanga sesinye isiphili kwenye indalo ibe kukutya kwesinye. Amagqabi emithi awileyo ayabola ze izondlo ziphindele emhlabeni, ukuze zibe kukutya kwemithi kwakhona. Umceli-mngeni onomdla esijongene nawo isiXeko sethu kukuba siqalise ukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni apho kungekho nkcitho nankunkuma, apho yonke into elahlwayo esiphelweni sobunye ubomi iba sisondlo sobunye ngobugcisa obuthile okanye ngokwenkqubo yendalo.
Inkunkuma esisiqina ihlelwa ngokwezintlu ezimbini: inkunkuma-jikelele nenkunkuma eyingozi.
Inkunkuma ayibeki abantu okanye okusingqongileyo emngciphekweni wentshabalalo yangoko nangoko kwaye iquka inkunkuma yasekhaya, udothi wabakhi, amazala nenkunkuma yegadi, ukungcola okomileyo okukhutshwa yimizi-mveliso nemizi yorhwebo. Naxa kunjalo nje, inkunkuma ingathi ngenxa yokubola okanye idibane namanzi, ikhuphe ilitshethi - leachate (ulwelo oluhluzeka luvuze enkunkumeni) ekwaziyo ukungcolisa kwaye eneempawu zokuba nengozi.
Inkunkuma eyingozi inokwenza okanye ingangunobangela wengozi ngoko nangoko empilweni yoluntu okanye kokusingqongileyo, mhlawumbi ngokunokwayo nje iyodwa okanye xa ithe yahlangana nolunye udidi lwenkunkuma.
Nantoni na enokuba nomsebenzi ekumgqomo wakho wenkunkuma (into enokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngomnye umntu, irisayikilishwe okanye ilungiswe) akufanelekanga ukuba ibe lapho!
Kutheni singayitshisi nje inkunkuma yethu?
Ukutshisa inkunkuma kuthetha kuphela nje ukutshintshela ingxaki yongcoliseko yaphantsi yenziwe ibe yingxaki yomoya.
Ukutshisa inkunkuma kutyhafisa iinzame zokuthintela inkunkuma. Izitovu zokutshisa inkunkuma zifuna umthamo obonakalayo kwaye oza rhoqo ukuze kungabi ziindleko ezinkulu kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Kananjalo zikwafuna umxube wenkunkuma oza kutsha kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze kucutheke ukukhutshwa komsi oyityhefu. Iipakethe ezinjengamaphepha neplastiki, ekulula ukuzirisayikilisha kufuneka ukuba zigcinwe nomxube wenkunkuma ukuze sitshiswe.
Imisi eyityhefu nomthuthu oyingozi kakhulu uphuma ekutshisweni kwenkunkuma equlethe imetyhuri, ilothe, isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, okanye naluphi na uhlobo lwesinyithi namachiza ayityhefu. Amaziko anezitovu zokutshiswa kwenkunkuma avelisa eyona misi ikhutshwayo iyityhefu yaziwayo, equka iidioksini neefyurani. Ngamanye amaxesha 'amakhokho' athi afumaneke ze kunyanzeleke abuyiselwe etiphini kwakhona njengenkunkuma ekhethekileyo ze anyityiliselwe ngaphakathi ngekhonkrithi kuba ayityhefu kakhulu.
Kuziindleko ezinkulu kakhulu eMzansti Afrika ukutshisa inkunkuma ngezitovu zoko xa kuthelekiswa nokuhlela nokuvalela inkunkuma etiphini nanjengokuba inkunkuma kufuneka itshiswe kwiqondo eliphezulu kakhulu lobushushu (900ÂºC) ukuze itshiseke kakuhle kucutheke nokungcola. Amakhulu-khulu amawaka eeranti athi adingeke ukuze kwakhiwe ze kugcinwe iziko elinezitovu zokutshisa inkunkuma elisebenza kakuhle. Ukucuthwa kwenkunkuma ngendlela eyiyo kunganqanda ukuba oku kuchazwe ngentla kungenzeki.
Isixa esikhulu samajelo sisetyenziselwa ukudala imveliso esizisebenzisayo. Isininzi sala majelo asiboli endalweni. Amajelo angenakuhlaziyeka asetyenziselwa ukwenza i-aluminiyamu, iplastiki neeglasi ezifumaneka kwiimveliso zethu ezisetyenziselwa ukupakisha ezi mveliso. Ukufumana izembiwa zala majelo kufuna i-eneji nemali kwaye kuyingozi kwiindawo ezingamakhaya endalo.
Isidingo sempahla yokwenza izinto ezintsha siyacutheka, nto leyo icutha ukukhangelwa nokwembiwa kwamajelo angahlaziyekiyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-eneji namanzi kuya kuncipha nanjengoko kuya kufuneka ukuba kurisayikilishwe izinto ezincinane xa kuthelekiswa nokwenziwa kweemveliso ezintsha ezikhutshwa (ezombiwa) emajelweni.
yokuphila ngokulumkileyo kukhutshwe igesi yamalahle kwakunye ne-aerobic, kodwa le yinkqubo icotha kakhulu kwaye isantya sokuthotywa kwenkunkuma eyenziwe ngumntu, njengeplastiki okanye iinkonkxa nditsho namaphepha, kungathatha amakhulukhulu eminyaka. Ekugqibeleni, ummandla lowo ungenziwa ibala elivulekileyo ukuze usetyenziswe luluntu oluwungqongileyo, okanye njengamabala ezemidlalo, kodwa awusayi kuze usetyenziselwe ukwakha izindlu ngenxa yengozi yokuphihlika kwaloo mhlaba kwakunye nokulindeleka kokuphuma kwezinto ezinobutyhefu zingene kumhlaba okufutshane naloo ndawo ibinepaki, amanzi kwakunye nomoya. E-Athlone kwakhiwe ipaki kwinxiwa elidala letiphu.
Iinkonzo zokuthuthwa kwenkunkuma ziqokelela inkunkuma emakhaya 'ekwimigqomo enamavili' ebukhulu buziilitha ezingama-240 enikezwa umzi nomzi osemfanelekweni, kanye ngeveki. Kwimimandla enamatyotyombe kusetyenziswa iMigqomo eMikhulu ebekwa kufuphi naloo mizi, nokuCocwa kwalo Mimandla. Oku kunokubandakanya ukukhutshwa kweeplastiki ezimnyama zinikwe ityotyombe ngalinye ze ziqokelelwe qho ngeveki, kunye nokucoca loo mimandla, inkunkuma leyo ilahlwe kwindawo efanele oko.
Imirhumo ehlawulelwa inkunkuma isekelwe kumaxabiso nemigaqonkqubo. Yahluka ngokwamaxabiso nobukhulu bemigqomo yemizi ngemizi. Imihlaba nemizi enexabiso Imihlaba nemizi exabisa ngaphantsi kwama-R100 000 ithi ifumane isaphulelo esiyi-100% kwimirhumo kumgqomo wokuqala kangangokuba izindlu ezinomgqomo omnye ziphetha ziyifumana mahala le nkonzo. Imihlaba nemizi exabisa ngaphezulu kwama-R100 000 ihlawula phakathi kwe-R14,00 neR54,00 ngenyanga ngokuthuthwa kwenkunkuma kanye ngeveki ngokwexabiso lepropati leyo. Okwangoku akukabikho zibonelelo nazaphulelo zamali ezikhuthaza ukucuthwa kwenkunkuma kwindlela olwakheke ngayo uluhlu lwamaxabiso erhafu lwethu.
Iprojekthi ka"Cinga kaBini" eKapa ibonakalise indlela amakhaya ethu akunqwenela ngayo ukubandakanyeka kumaphulo aqalisiweyo okurisayikilisha. Nakubeni nje kunokubiza kakhulu ngokwexabiso ukwenza oku kwiKapa jikelele, into eyakwenza ukuba ibe yindlela ekunokuhanjwa ngayo nexabiso loku libe nako ukufikeleleka kuxa kukho amakhaya amaninzi athabatha inxaxheba kula manyathelo.
Iprojekthi yokufumana inkunkuma efana nale nesaqhubayo yaqaliswa ngonyaka ka-2002 eMarina da Gama. IProjekthi inikeza simahla imizi eli-1 200 iingxowa ezimthubi, nethi le mizi ihlele inkunkuma yayo ngokwayo. Izinto ezinokurisayikilisheka (amaphepha, amakhadibhodi, iiglasi, iiplastiki neenkonkxa) zifakwa kwezi ngxowa. Emva konyaka onesiqingatha kuye kwafunyanwa iitoni zempahla esenkunkumeni ezili-173 xa zizonke zaza zaphinda zasetyenziswa. Malunga ne-80% lemizi ekulo mmandla isaqhubeka nokuthabatha inxaxheba kule projekthi.
Xa ungasayisebenzisiyo into yakho khangela omnye umntu onokuba nomsebenzi waloo nto. Izikolo, iimanyano zesisa, amathala eencwadi, kwakunye nezinye iindawo ekothulelwa kuzo inkunkuma zingazamkela iimpahla ezingasafunwayo, ifenitshala, izinto zokudlala, iincwadi, iividiyo neemagazini.
Gcina ukutya kwizinto zokugalela eziphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona, uphephe izinto ezingarisay ikilishekiyo ezinjengezinto zokujijela ezincamathelayo okanye ifoyile eyenziwe nge-aluminiyam esebenzise amajelo amaninzi.
Zisebenzise kwakhona izinto zokujijela izipho namakhadi eminqweno emihle.
Cinga ngokuzama izipho ezingaphathekiyo njengokukhuphana.
Sebenzisa amacala omabini ephepha ze ulirisayikilishe.
Sebenzisa inkunkuma yakho yamagqabi namaxolo eziqhamo nemifuno ukwenza umgquba.
ukucuthwa kwexabiso le-eneji yokwenza izikhongozelo, izinto zokubopha, njalo njalo; kwakunye nokongiwa kwamanzi (asetyenziswa ekwenziweni kwezinto zokubopha nakwiimveliso). Ukurisayikilishwa kwephepha kusebenzisa amanzi angama-50% ngaphantsi kunephepha elenziwa ekuqaleni emthini.
Ngokubanzi iiplastiki aziwuthi nanjengokuba zenziwe ngamachiza asekwe kwipetroleyam (i-oyile, amalahle negesi). Iiplastiki zingayingxaki ukurisayilikisheka kuba amathuba amaninzi zidityaniswa nezinye iimpahla xa zisenziwa. Iiplastiki zenziwa ngamachiza eplastiki aneemolekyuli ezininzi ezifanayo (polima).
Ngelishwa ngaphandle nje kohlobo lweplastiki lwePET, iHDPE neLDPE sincinci kakhulu isidingo kushishino lokurisayikilisha eMzantsi Afrika sokufumana iiplastiki emva kokuba kusetyenzisiwe okuphakathi kuzo ukuze zirisayikilishwe, nto leyo ethetha ukuba uninzi lwazo luphelela etiphini okwangoku.
iplastiki yokubopha ebumbeneyo (njengobisi iTetrapak kwakunye neekhathuni zesiselo seziqhamo) - eRhawutini iTetrapak iye iphinde isetyenziswe kwakhona kwaye siyathemba ukuba kuza kwenzeka nalapha eKapa kungekudala iitreyi zokutya ezizipolystyrene Kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba zintoni ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwindawo ekulahlwa kuzo inkunkuma. Ukungazithengi iimveliso ezipakishwe ngezinto ezingenakurisayikilisheka kuthumela umyalezo ongqingqwa kubenzi bemveliso ukuba bayile kwaye bapakishe iimveliso zabo ngokwendlela ehambisana kakuhle nokusingqongileyo.
Kubalulekile ukususa iziciko zeebhotile kwakunye nezivalo nemiphezulu yeebhotile zeglasi nezikhongozeli. Ezinye iimveliso zeglasi azinakurisayikilisheka. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela olu hlelo lungezantsi nanjengoko nayiphi na into kwezi zilandelayo ingayonakalisa yonke loo mfumba yeeglasi ibiza kurisayikilishwa.
Ungazenzela owakho umgquba ngaphandle kwenkxamleko eninzi. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezahlukileyo zokwenza umgquba, ngoko ke ungakhetha indlela yokwenza umgquba efanele isixa senkunkuma onaso kwakunye nexesha kwanesithuba somhlaba onaso. Eyona ndlela ilula yokwenza umgquba kukwenza nje izala lenkunkuma yokuphilayo kwikona engenzi nto egadini. Ukuze uligcine izala lakho licwangciseke kakuhle mhlawumbi kuya kufuneka ulenze kwisikhongozeli. Iinkonkxa zomgquba ezibundlu yeenyosi ziyafumaneka kwindawo yokuthengisa izithole. Iinkonkxa zeplanga okaye iplastiki ezinemicu (1 x 1 x 1mÂ³) zezona zona zilungele izitiya eziphakathi ukuya kwezikhulu. Isilinda yomngxuma onomnatha wocingo ebukhulu (buyi-1m ngokwesinqumla-sangqa x 1m) ofulelwe ngekhadibhodi okanye ibhokisi yekhadibhodi enkulu yindlela engaxabisi kakhulu yokwenza inkonkxa yomgquba'.
Khetha indawo enomthunzi nesithileyo yokubeka inkonkxa okanye izala lakho lomgquba.
Okokuqala beka umaleko wezinto ezirhabaxa eziquka iindiza namasebe (ukwenzela ukufakwa komoya neegesi).
Beka umaleko umane uwuguquguqula uqale ngowolunye uhlobo ubuye uze ngowolunye uhlobo, kwezi ntlobo zimbini 'ngomdaka' (owamagqabi awomileyo) kwakunye 'noluhlaza' (owengca entsha esikiweyo) ngokomlinganiselo ongama 50:50 kwakunye nomgquba (okanye ingca yaselwandle) njengesiqalisi okanye isilumeki. Sasaza amanzi, isanti nephepha elinqunqiweyo ngokushiyanayo nangokweziqabu phakathi kwezibini zomaleko nanjengokuba umphakamo umde ngokokude uye kuma kwi-1,5 leemitha. Isanti iyimfuneko ukwenza okuphilayo ukuba kube yingqumba. Iintlobo ezininzi zomaleko zingongezelelwa nanjengokuba kufumaneka inkunkuma eninzi.
Kwezinye iimeko mhlawumbi kungangcono ukungcwaba inkunkuma ephilayo emiseleni (usebenzisa ezi zikhokelo zingentla) okanye emingxunyeni elingana nesixa senkunkuma evelisiweyo. Ungatyala imifuno neentyatyambo zemithi ngqo kumsele womgquba lowo. Enye yezinto ezilungileyo ngokogqunyelelwa kwenkunkuma ngesanti kugxotha iimpukane namavumba amabi.
Ayikho indlela ekhuseleke gqibi yokulahla inkunkuma eyingozi yasekhaya. Phambi kokuba uthenge imveliso eyingozi qala uzibuze umbuzo wokuba ayikho na imveliso engenye obungayifumana. Cinga ngendlela ekhuselekileyo onokuyilahla ngayo.
Khetha ezona mveliso zinetyhefu encinane ezikusebenzelayo ekhayeni lakho. Iimveliso zokucoca ezinophawu lakwaSABS u-A-E 'zamkelekile ngokokusingqongileyo' kwaye zivunywe nanguSANS.
Zithengele isixhobo sokuchwakraza impukane ze ukuphephe ukuthenga amachiza okubulala izinambuzane. Amanye ala machiza anjengeLindane, nathintelwayo ngokomthetho eYurophu nanjengokuba kukholelwa ukuba anxulumene nobukho besifo somhlaza, umbefu nokonakala kwemithambo-luvo.
Thenga oko ukufunayo kuphela (ngokwezixa ezincinane) ukuphepha ukugcina iimveliso ezinobungozi.
Funda ilebhile ukuze ufumane ulwazi ngezithako, ngemiyalelo nendlela yokuyisebenzisa, ngendlela ekhuselekileyo yokuyigcina nokuyilahla imveliso leyo.
Isoda yokubhaka okanye iviniga esosini.
Qukumbela umphantsi webhokisi yenkunkuma ngesoda yokubhaka phambi kokuba ugalele inkunkuma. Le nto iya kugxotha amavumba amabi iintsuku eziliqela.
Isoda yokubhaka (ilungu e-1) kwakunye namanzi ashushu (amalungu ama-2).
Sebenzisa iviniga okanye ilamuni ukususa amafutha.
I-Aluminiyam: sebenzisa intlama eyenziwe ngocwambu lwethathari namanzi.
Ubhedu: bilisa izinto ezo zobhedu kumxube wetyuwa (icephe eli-1/15ml), iviniga emhlophe (ikomityi e-1 /250ml) kwakunye namanzi atshisayo.
Isilivere: yondlala ipani okanye imbiza ngefoyile ye-aluminiyam ze ke ubilise izinto ezo emanzini anetispuni yesoda yokubhaka kwakunye netispuni yetyuwa.
Yenza intlama engqindilili ngamanzi kunye nesoda yokubhaka ukuze ucoce ngayo isitovu sakho sokubhaka esimdaka. Emva koko ke yishiye kangangemizuzu emi-3. Khuhla ngomqamelwana wokutyula wenayiloni. Ukuba isitovu sinqashele ngamafutha, yongeza amathontsana ambalwa esepha yolwelo apha emxubeni. Isinyibiliko samanzi neboraksi (amatispuni ama-2 kwilitha yamanzi) esifefezwe apha eludongeni lwesitovu sokubhaka naso singasebenza kakuhle nje. Sebenzisa istiliwulu esicoleke kakhulu ukususa amachaphaza.
Xuba ilungu eli-1 legliserina nelungu eli-1 lolwelo lwesicocisi sokuhlamba izitya zidityaniswe namalungu asi-8 amanzi ze kufakwe kwezo ndawo zinamabala ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Liyeke ilaphu apho kangangemizuzu engama-20 (landise ixesha elo lokulinda kumabala anetshiki) ze uyihlambe into leyo ngokwesiqhelo nezinye impahla. Wugcine lo mxube kwisikhongozeli ezicudisekayo.
Endaweni yokusebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane nezibulali -zitshabalalisi egadini yakho, tyala izityalo eziziinkulelane, lususe ngokuluhlakula ukhula ngesandla, ze utshive izityalo zakho ngamanzi anesepha ukunqanda izinambuzane. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukufuna kwakho iimveliso eziqulathe izithako ezinobungozi neziyilimazayo indalo zitshabalalise okusingqongileyo kwaye zibe zingakhuselekanga.
IiNkonzo zokuThuthwa ukuCocwa nokuLahlwa kweNkunkuma kwisiXeko saseKapa siquka iinkcukacha eziphathelele kumaziko ekusiwa kuwo inkunkuma nokubika ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma okungekho mthethweni: Imibuzo jikelele: 0860 10 30 89.
ISebe likaZwelonke lemiCimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho luyile iincwadi ezilunge kakhulu zokusebenza ngenkunkuma. Icandelo eliphezulu loLawulo lweNkunkuma 310 3911, okanye: www.environment.gov.za.
Imibutho yesisa emininzi yamkela ngovuyo impahla yokuxhasa amakhaya ahlelelekileyo, okanye enokuthengiswa ukuze kwakhiwe ingxowa-mali yemisebenzi yabo. Iimpahla ezi ziquka iimpahla zokunxiba, ifanitshala, iincwadi, izinto zokudla nezinto zokusebenza. Kwiimeko ezininzi, imibutho le ingenza isicwangciso sokuba iimpahla ezo zilandwe ekhayeni lakho.
Isiphumo sale nto ayingomrhiba nje wokufudumala. Ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu kushushubeza Umgangatho wamalahle oMzantsi Afrika awuxhomanga amalwandle ethu, kuguqula amaza kutshintshe neendlela kuya phi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba izixa ezikhulu zeCOÂ² umoya ohamba ngazo, yonke loo nto ibe nefuthe kwimozulu zikhutshelwe kwi-atmosfera xa amalahle athe atshiswa.
Umntu ngamnye eMzantsi Afrika ukhupha malunga neetoni yethu. Imikhenkce ekumiselwe kuyo incam yezwe sele iqalile ezisi-8 zeCOÂ² unyaka ngamnye. Oku kuphindaphinda ukunyibilika kwaye loo manzi aloo mikhenkce enza ukuba kabini umndilili weetoni ezi-4 zeCOÂ² ezikhutshwa ngumntu ubunzulu bamalwandle buye bunyukela phezulu nto leyo iya ngamnye kwihlabathi jikelele.
umntu ngamnye. ngamanzi, iziqithi ezithile ziya kuphela emehlweni. Nezinye izenzeko ezininzi ezibuhlungu zemozulu ziya kwenzeka.
Iinzululwazi eKapa zilindele ukuba izityalo ezikwisikumkani sethu seentyatyambo siya kuphela njengokuba kubakho imbalela kummandla lo. Iintlekele zendalo ezinjengemililo yamadlelo nezikhukhula kulindeleke ukuba zande ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibe zikhulu. Uphando olwenziwa kwiYunivesithi yaseKapa lubonisa ukuba iqondo elinye obuya konyuka ngalo ubushushu - ekulindeleke ukuba kwenzeke kwiminyaka engama-50 ezayo - mhlawumbi kungakhokelela ekwenyukeni kweziganeko zemililo nge-29%. Ngokubanzi iKapa liya koma kubalele, nto leyo eyakwenza kulandele ukunqongophala kwamanzi. Ukuphazamiseka kolimo kuya kubanga ukufudukela okongezekileyo kwabantu ezidolophini, nto leyo eya kongeza uxinzelelo kubukho bemithombo yokutya. Iinkqwithela nezikhukhula, xa zithe zenzeka, ziya kuba nobungozi, zenze umonakalo omkhulu kudyudyuze neemvula ezingaphaya. Izimbo ezitsha zemozulu ziya kwenza ukusasazeka kwezifo, izigulo ezinxulumene nobushushu kwakunye nezigulo zokuphefumla. Iziphili ezincinane kakhulu ezisulelayo nezisasazeka emanzini nasekutyeni ziya kwanda. Kulindeleke ukuba imalariya isasazeke kakhulu kulo lonke ilizwe lethu.
Uninzi lwe-eneji esiyisebenzisayo njengepetroli, iparafini negesi inikezelwa kuthi kusetyenziswa iinkampani zabucala nabathengisi abathengisa ngemiyinge . Urhulumente kazwelonke uyawalawula amaxabiso ekuthengiswa ngawo la mafutha. Umgaqo siseko umisele into yokuba luxanduva lwesiXeko ukufaka nokwahlula umbane negesi.
yokuphila ngokulumkileyo nobeparafini. Kananjalo ayingcolisi kakhulu. Nakubeni nje la mafutha engekabikho eKapa, urhulumente uyawaxhasa kwaye kufanele ukuba ibe nokufumaneka kungekudala.
Amalahle akanamthetho ungqingqwa athengiswa ngawo yaye athengiswa ngosomashishini abazimeleyo. Ngenxa yokuba kude kwemigodi, umbane wamalahle uxabisa kakhulu yaye usetyenziswa kancinci eKapa. Iinkuni kwamanye amakhaya zisetyenziselwa ukupheka nokotha okanye zisetyenziselwe imisetyenzana ethile njengokoja inyama nokupheka utywala. Ezinye iinkuni zigawulwa nje kumahlathana emithi engingqi.
Isifudumezi-manzi sesola sisebenzisa ubushushu belanga ukufudumeza amanzi, nto leyo ethi inciphise ngokungathethekiyo imfuneko yombane (jonga Amanyathelo Asebenzisekayo apha ngezantsi). IsiXeko saseKapa silandelisa isiCwangciso-qhinga se-Eneji neNguquko yeMozulu ngoMthetho kaMasipala sesiFudumezi-manzi seSola (SWH). Ukuba lo mthetho upasisiwe, isiXeko siya kuba sisixeko sokuqala eMzantsi Afrika, sibe sesinye sezixeko ezimbalwa eziphambili ehlabathini ukuqondisa ulawulo lwe-eneji yommandla ngomThetho kaMasipala wesiFudumezimanzi seSola.
Idrafti yomThetho kaMasipala wesiXeko saseKapa ufuna ukuba zonke izakhiwo ezitsha apha esiXekweni, kwakunye nazo zonke izakhiwo ezixonyezelelwa kwizakhiwo esele zikhona, ezizakufuna amanzi ashushu, zisebenzise izixokelelwano zezifudumezi-manzi zesola. Ukanti umthetho lo uyazixolela ezo zindlu zingasayi kuzilungela izixokelelwano ezilolo hlobo - ngenxa yezizathu zobume okanye iimbali zesakhiwo eso. Umthetho kamasipala lo awenzelwa ukuba mawufake nabani na ebunzimeni, kwaye ukuba ixabiso lesifudumezi-manzi sesola lingaphezulu kwe-5% yexabiso lokwakhiwa kwendlu le xa lilonke, isakhiwo eso kufanelekile ukuba sixoleleke.
Ukuwiswa komthetho kamasipala linyathelo lokuqala. Ukwenza ukuba umthetho kamasipala uphumelele, ngokwezinto ojoliswe kuzo, ngowona mceli-mngeni lowo. Eyona nto iphambili ifunekayo kule nto kukuqinisekisa ukuba isiseko esisebenza ngokukuko sikhona kwaye siya kuqinisekisa ababandakanyekayo ukuba izifudumezimanzi zesola zizakusebenza ngokobuxhakaxhaka bazo, ifuthe nokongiwa okulindelekileyo kwe-eneji ngophuhliso nokusingqongileyo kuya kuphunyezwa ngohlobo ekubekwe ngalo kumthetho kaMasipala.
EKapa, nanjengazo zonke izixeko zoMzantsi Afrika, abantu bahlala ngokuthe saa kwaye nemithetho yobandlululo yenza ukuba abantu bahlale kude kuneendawo abasebenza kuzo, nto leyo yenza ukuba abantu bahambe imigama emide ngezinto ezikhwelwayo mihla le. Izithuthi zikawonke-wonke lolona hlobo lothutho lusetyenziswa kakhulu eKapa. Phakathi konyaka ka-1990 noka-2000 ubunini-zithuthi buye banda ngama-45% eKapa. Ngaphaya kwesiqingatha se-eneji esetyenziswayo eKapa, isetyenziswa kuthutho lwabantu. Uthutho lelona candelo livelisa i-COÂ² eninzi kakhulu ebangela ukuguquka kwemozulu.
Kananjalo ukutsha kwepetroli nedizili kunegalelo elingathethekiyo lokukhutshwa kwenitrojeni nesalfa esixekweni. Amasuntswana enitrik okside enza inkungu emdaka ebonakala gca phezu kweKapa kwiintsuku ekungekho moya ngazo. Urhulumente kazwelonke uyila ukucoca amafutha ethu ezithuthi esebenzisa isicwangciso-qhinga sokukhutshwa komsi zizithuthi seSebe lemiCimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho. Ilothe yashenxiswa ngokwezigaba ngonyaka ka-2006. Iziguquli ezibumbanisa iziqalelo zemichiza ziza kufakelwa kuzo zonke izithuthi ezitsha (ezisuka phesheya kwanezo zenziwa kweli) ngonyaka ka-2008. Kodwa ke, izithuthi ezidala zisesezindleleni zethu.
UMzantsi Afrika unelanga elihlala ligqatsile unyaka wonke. Singabanye abanelanga elihlala livelile iiyure ezininzi kwihlabathi. Sekunjalo, angaphantsi kwe-1% amakhaya eMzantsi Afrika anee-SWH. Oku kubangelwa yimali efunekayo yokuzifaka, nokuba abantu abaninzi abanalwazi ngazo. Kumazwe afana nakwaSirayeli, malunga nama60% amakhaya ane-SWH.
Ukufudumeza amanzi ngamandla elanga kuxhomekeka kumandla amaninzi elanga. Nangona esi sifudumezi singafuna ukulaleliselwa ngombane, mncinci kakhulu umbane osetyenziswayo. Oku kuthetha amanzi ashushu 'asimahla', ukuphunguka kongcoliseko nokuba namanzi ashushu nokuba umbane ucimile! I-SWH yomelele xa sele ifakiwe iyayihlala neminyaka engama-20 nangaphezulu. Ungonga imali ngayo kwaye inexabiso xa uyithengisa indlu.
Zisebenza njani isizufudumezi-manzi zamandla elanga?
I-SWH bubuchwepheshe bale mihla obuthembekileyo.
isixhotyana esimcaba esimnyama ekuthiwa 'sisixhobo sokuqokelela amandla elanga' amanzi ahamba kuso afudunyezwe lilanga, kunye itankana eligqunyiweyo lokugcina apho amanzi ashushu anokusetyenziswa agcinwa khona.
Ngokuba simnyama, isixhobo sokuqokelela sitsala ubushushu elangeni. Oku kufudumeze amanzi akuso. Amanzi ashushu ababuhlambuluka kunabandayo kwaye ayanyuka abe phezulu etankini ngeli lixa ulwelo olubandayo lunzima kwaye luzika. Amanzi abandayo akwitankana lokugcina ehlela ngezantsi, oku kubangela ukuba ajikeleze kwisixhobo sokuqokelela apho athi afudunyezwe lilanga. Olu jikelelezo lwamanzi kuthiwa kukwenzeka kwethemosifoni.
Xa kungekho kukhanya kwelanga ayinzeki ithemosifoni. Ukwambathisa itanki kakuhle kuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi asetankini ahlala eshushu ixesha elide. Ezinye izifudumezi zisebenzisa umbane ubulalelisele xa kungekho kukhanya kwelanga, okanye xa ekhaya kufuneka amanzi ashushu amaninzi.
I-SWH ingaxabisa ukuqala kuma-R3 500 (ubuqu bayo) ukuya kutsho kuma-R20 000 kuxhomekeka kumthamo owufunayo. Isifudumezi-manzi ngamandla elanga sekhaya nje eliqhelekileyo elinamalungu amane esinombane wokulalelisela singaxabisa kubuthuba bama-R7 500 ukuya kuma-R12 000.
Ukuba ityala lombane ngenyanga losapho elinamalungu amane ngama-R500, ungonga malunga nama-R200 ngenyanga embaneni ukuba ufakela isifudumezi-manzi samandla elanga. Ngonyaka leyo ifikelela kuma-R2 400. Kwiminyaka emihlanu uyakonga ama-R12 000. Ungonga nangaphezu koku njengoko amaxabiso ombane kule minyaka mihlanu izayo eza kunyuka njengoko kufuneka kwakhiwe izikhululo zombane ezitsha.
Oku kuthetha ukuba kwiminyaka emihlanu uzifakelele esi sifudumezi uya kube uyihlawule wayigqiba i-SWH yama-R12 000. Emva koko uza konga kuphela kwiindleko zasendlwini. Ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha igiza yakho oku kuyinto evakalayo nangakumbi. Ngaphezu kokonga imali ungathintela ama-2 400 kg eCOÂ² ukuba angene kwiatmosfera ngonyaka nje omnye emva kokufaka i-SWH.
Ukuba igiza yakho okanye imibhobho esuka kuyo ishushu xa uyibamba oku kuthetha ukuba ilahlekelwa bubushushu idlala ngamandla.
Yigqume igiza yakho nemibhobho yamanzi ashushu usebenzisa imibhobho yokugquma igiza okanye ngokuyambathisa ngengubo okanye ngephepha-ndaba.
Isitovu segesi esine-onti yombane okanye isazinge segesi nesitovu sombane zezona zilungileyo unokuzikhetha ukulungiselela ukupheka xa uthathela ingqalelo okusingqongileyo nemali. Kodwa igesi akululanga ukuyifumana. Nangona isitovu separafini kungabizi kakhulu ukusithenga, sisesona sizathu semililo kwaye sifuna ukusetyenziswa ngononophelo olukhulu. Ibhokisi eshushu ilulutho kakhulu njengezinye sezixhobo zokupheka.
Xa ibhalbhu i-CFL iphelelwe (kwiminyaka emithandathu ukuya kwelishumi) kufuneka uyilahle uyisongele ngeplastiki ukukhusela okusingqongileyo njengoko inemetyhuri.
Iibhalbhu i-CFL kufuneka zibe nesithuba esaneleyo kule ndawo zifakwe kuyo ukuze umoya ukwazi ukuhamba.
Funa i-CFL enento yokuva eyakhelwe kuyo.
Izifudumezi zegesi zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwaye zilifudumeza lonke igumbi ngokukhawuleza kwaye zezona zingcono xa sijonga imali, impilo nokhuseleko. Xa usebenzisa igesi qinisekisa ukuba igumbi linemitunja eyaneleyo yokungena umoya. Oku kufuna ukuba iibhotile zegesi nezixhobo zombane nokuphinda uthe zihlale zikhona. Izifudumezi zegesi zibiza imali eninzi kodwa ziyahlala. Isifudumezi se-oli sombane singcono kunesifudumezi esineentsimbi ezinqamlezileyo kodwa kuyabiza ukuzithenga. Amalahle, iinkuni neparafini zifumaneka lula kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukupheka kunye nokuzifudumeza, kuzenze oku zibe zezona zinokukhethwa kodwa ziyingxaki ngokwempilo nokhuseleko.
Umoya kufuneka uvalelwe kuphela xa kukho iindawo zokungenisa umoya ezaneleyo endlwini.
Phungula ukuya kutsho kuma-70% ombane owasebenzisa ekhaya ewonke ngokulandela imigaqo elula yokwakha ephungula inkcitho embaneni, ekuzifudumezeni nokuzipholisa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luyilo olungagqamanga lamandla elanga.
Imbobo evuliwe phezulu ephahleni ingenisa ukukhanya kwendalo endlwini ngeemini ezishushu kungasetyenziswa mbane ukukhanyisa. Qinisekisa ukuba iglasi esetyenziswe kule mbobo ithambekele ngasemntla.
Izinto zendalo (amatye, iipali, ukuthunga ngengca nodongwe), ezifunyanwa kwalapha ekuhlaleni, zifaneleke kakhulu ukugcina indlu ipholile ehlotyeni ifudumele ebusika. Izitena zodaka zinceda kakhulu ekwambathiseni.
Imigangatho eyenziwe ngezitena okanye ikonkhriti igcina kukho ubushushu obufanelekileyo endlwini yakho njengoko ikwazi ukubizela ubushushu emini ibukhuphe kancinci ebusuku. Le migangatho mayingafakwa ikhaphethi njengoko ikhonkrithi ibizela ubushushu obuninzi kunomgangatho onekhaphethi.
Khangela imingxuma enokuvuza ephahleni. Faka itha (ifumaneka kwiivenkile zeentsimbi) kule mingxunya. Sebenzisa iiplastiki ukuvala imingxunya ephakathi kodonga nophahla.
Sebenzisa isikhonkwane ukuxhoma ucingo ukusuka kwelinye icala legumbi ukuya kwelinye - malunga nama-30 cm phakathi kwawo. Isilingi iza kuhlala phezu kwala macingo.
Sebenzisa isincamathelisi seplastiki ukudibanisa iiplastiki (sebenzisa iplastiki ezimnyama zenkunkuma okanye uqokelele iiplastiki ezininzi uzikrazule uzidibanise wenze iplastiki enkulu). Beka ezi plastiki phantsi kwekhadibodi nocingo. Makungabikho mingxunya kule plastiki.
Ungasebenzisa amaplanga anciphileyo ukwenzela ukuba isilingi ingabheni.
Ukwambathisa phakathi kophahla nesilingi kunceda kakhulu ukugcina indlu yakho ifudumele ebusika ipholile ehlotyeni. Kutshiphu kwaye kulula kakhulu nokukwenza. Iinzuzo zokwambathisa indlu ziye zingacaci xa kolekwe kakhulu. Ke ngoko nokuba kuncinci ukwambathisa kungcono kunongembathisi konke konke. Ukutyabeka iindonga konga imali kakhulu njengoko kuphungula ukufuma ezindongeni.
Ukuba ufuna ikhaya lakho lisebenzisa amandla endalo, eyona ndlela ifikelelekayo kukuthenga umbane wendalo osuka kumzi-mveliso omkhulu ovelisa umbane owenziwa ngezinto ezihlaziyekayo xa sele ukhona (imizi-mveliso efana nefama yamaphiko omoya yaseDarling). Nangona uza kuqhubekeka ufumana umbane wakho kule bhokisi yoqhagamshelwano ikhoyo, uza kuhlawulela ngezavenge lo mbane (ixabiso elingaphezulwanga kwelombane oqhelekileyo) kwaye uza kufumana isiqinisekiso esibonisa ukuba umbane uwuthenge kwindawo ewuhlaziyayo.
Ukuhamba ngeenyawo, ngebhayisekile okanye ukusebenzisa izithuthi zikawonke-wonke zezona ndlela zokuhamba zikulungeleyo okusingqongileyo. Kwaye zezona zitshiphu. Kodwa iindlela ezicetywe ngayo iidolophu aziyiselanga so into yokucingela abantu abahamba ngeenyawo nangebhayisekile, izithuthi zikawonke-wonke zona zixhaswa kancinci ngemali, oku kubangela ukuba umthamo uzohlule, ukunganxibelelani kakuhle ezindleleni neminye imibandela yezokhuseleko. Indlela ezintsha zokuqwalasela uthutho ezidolophini sezicetyiwe kodwa kuya kuthatha ithuba ukuziphumeza. Okwangoku amanyathelo abalulekileyo abaqhubi abanokuwathatha ukuze baqhube kakuhle.
Funa ulwazi ngezithuthi zikawonke-wonke engingqini yakho.
Nanini na ufumana ithuba cinga ngokuhamba ngeenyawo okanye ibhayisekile endaweni yemoto yakho. Oku konga imali kwaye kuyimpilo.
Ukuba ucinga ngokuthenga imoto khangela uhlobo olungatyi mafutha kakhulu - imoto oyikhethileyo ingenza umahluko obonakalayo emhlabeni. Kumaxabiso epetroli nawedizili enyuka rhoqo oku kungakongela imali ebonakalayo ekuhambeni kweminyaka.
Ukukhwelisana xa kusukwa naxa kusiyiwa umsebenzini kungaphungula ngokukhawuleza amafutha owasebenzisayo ngenyanga. Oku kuphumza ingqondo kwaye kwakha nobuhlobo. Ukukhwelisa xa kusiyiwa esikolweni nako kungaqwalaselwa.
Ukugcina imoto yakho isemgangathweni nokuqhuba ngendlela engatyi mafutha kakhulu kunganendima enkulu kumafutha asetyenziswa yimoto.
Qinisekisa ukuba amavili anomoya ofanelekileyo (ngokwemilinganiselo yakowayo). Amavili angagcwelanga kakuhle angayinyusa indlela eyitya ngawo amafutha imoto nge-8%. QAPHELA: Ivili elinomoya omcinci kakhulu alinyusi kuphela indlela etya ngayo amafutha koko nalo ivili liphela ngokukhawuleza.
Sebenzisa i-oli engena kuzo zonke kwinjini yakho kuba iyenza ithambe.
Nyusa isantya kancinci, utshintshe iigiyeri xa kufanelekile. Imoto ihamba ngokufanelekileyo xa ingadumeli phezulu.
Musa ukumana uyicima xa uqhuba. Rhoqo xa ubamba iziqhoboshi, amandla akhutshwa kukunyusa isantya ayilahleko. Ziqikelele iirobhoti uqhoboshe kancinci - oku kungakongela amafutha anokuba yi-18% ngetanki.
Ezi ntsimbi zilapha phezulu emotweni kunye neefestile ezivuliweyo ziyenza imoto ukuba ibanjwe ngumoya kwaye itye namafutha ngama-20%.
Umoya obandayo wemoto utya malunga ne-10% ngaphezulu xa uvuliwe.
Iplagi engaqhagamshelwanga ngokufanelekileyo ingabangela ukukhatywa ngumbane, ukutsha, umlilo. Ukuqhagamshela iingcingo zombane zeplagi kukufaka iingcingo zombane kwiindawo zazo ezifanelekileyo (jonga umfanekiso), ujike izikrufu ukubamba ezi ngcingo zintathu. Zakuba ziqinisiwe, zitsale kancinci ukuqinisekisa ukuba azinakuphuncuka.
Kubalulekile ukujonga iindawo ezivuzayo kumatanki egesi, imibhobho neendawo ekudityaniswe kuzo. Ukwenza oku, cima itanki legesi. Jonga iindawo ekudityaniswe kuzo. Vulela igesi kancinci, uqabe ezi ndawo kudityaniswe kuzo ngamanzi anesepha okanye isepha engamanzi. Kuza kubakho amaqamza egwebu apho kuvuza khona. Lise itanki lakho kumthengisi wegesi alijonge, alitshintshe okanye alilungise.
22 04 40Inombolo yasimhla yokunceda abathengi ngesixhobo sokulinganisa umbane ohlawulelwe kwangaphambili.
Ulwazi oluthe vetshe ngamaxabiso ombane, ukufakelwa kweemitha, ukuvavanywa kwemitha neenkonzo zombane, yiya kwewebhusayithi yesiXeko seKapa ethi: www.capetown.gov.za. Cofa ku-'IsiXeko Sakho'.
Le mimandla ibonelelwa ngombane nguEskom.
Ukhulo loQoqosho kumacandelo ezoshishino nawezolimo ludala uxinzelelo kwizibonelelo zamanzi.
Ukunyuka kweemfuno zokusebenzisa amanzi kunyanzelisa ukuba kongezelelwe imithombo yamanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno azedluli amanzi akhoyo. Kusetyenziswa iprojekthi yeBerg Water eya kugqitywa ngo-2008 ukunyusa amanzi athunyelwa eKapa. Ngenxa yokushokoxeka kwamanye amacebo, iSebe laManzi naMahlathi kunye neSixeko liza kuphonononga ezinye iindlela kwixa elizayo ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi emithombo kunye nokukhupha ityuwa kumanzi aselwandle.
Kambe ke kuyabiza kakhulu ukusebenzisa ezi ndlela yaye kungathatha iminyaka ukuplana nokumisela oku. Ukuba wonke ubani angalondoloza amanzi yaye awasebenzise ngendlela efanelekileyo, izidingo zamanzi zingacutheka, khe kucothe nesidingo sokuba kuziwe nezinye iindlela zokongeza imithombo yamanzi. Imithetho kamasipala yamvanje iphunyezelwe ukuba iququzelele oku kutshintshwa kwendlela yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
ISebe lezaManzi namaHlathi neSixeko saseKapa zingabanini beenkqubo zobonelelo-ngamanzi asetyenziswa siSixeko. La manzi ahamba ngemibhobho aye koovimba besiXeko aye kucocwa siwenze abe nokuseleka siwatshintshe ngokuwahluza athunyelwe kwiindawo ezihlala abantu. Ukuwacoca kwenziwa ngokwemiGangatho yeSizwe yoMzantsi Afrika yokuSela aManzi. Le migangatho iyahambelana naleyo yoMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi.
Kwiplanti yokucoca amanzi amanzi aye angeniswe kwitsheyimba yokuwenza ukuba azole ukuhlisa uxinzelelo nokuze ahambe kakuhle ngemibhobho. Emva koko aye afakwe ikalika yokuwacoca nokuwahlenga-hlengisa. Aye agalelwe kwenye itsheyimba enkulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba iikhemikhali zihlangene ngendlela eyiyo. Aphuma apho aye ematankini ukuze ezo khemikhali zikulo manzi zizinze ze emva koko zihle zibe yintlenge. Amanzi angaphezulu agalelwa ikhlorini phambi kokuba adlulele kwindawo asefwa kuyo. Amanzi asefiweyo athunyelwa kwelinye itanki aphinde agalelwe ilayimu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayabhalansa, kongezwe nekhabhon-dayoksayidi ukuqinisekisa ukuba loo manzi akenzi ukuba izinto agcinwe kuzo zibe nerusi okanye azichachambise. Kugalelwa ikhlorini yokugqibela ukuqinisekisa ukuba loo manzi akanazifo emva koko aphume kwiplanti aye koovimba besiXeko ayekugcinwa phambi kokuba athunyelwe ezindlwini, kumashishini nakwezolimo.
Ukunciphisa ilahleko kuthungelwano nakurhwebo ngokugcinwa nokulungiswa rhoqo kwemibhobho yokusasaza amanzi nokubekwa esweni nokuqingqwa okufanelekileyo kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwizakhiwo zorhwebo.
Ukunciphisa ukuvuza kwamanzi kwizindlu zeentsapho ezingeniso iphantsi ngothethathethwano, imfundo, amajelo eendaba neenkqubo zokubhaqwa nokulungiswa kokuvuza kwamanzi ezijoliswe kwiintsapho ezisezilokishini apho iziseko izezikumgangatho ophantsi yaye bezingakhathalelwanga ngaphambili.
Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi liBhunga ngamabala okuphumla eSixeko anobulumko bamanzi nezixhobo zokonga amanzi ezifakelwe kuzo zonke izakhiwo zebhunga.
Ukuqinisekisa ukulingana kwemirhumo ngenkqubo yemirhumo nokubizwa kwemali eqinisekisa ukuba amanzi ayafikeleleka kumntu wonke, ezinzileyo ngokweendleko nekhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwamanzi.
Ukulawula ukumoshwa kwamanzi nokuqinisekisa ukuba lonke uphuhliso olutsha lunobulumko bamanzi, ngemithetho yoomasipala.
Iinkqubo zokufakelwa kwakhona nokuXhasa ngezakhono ezibonelelwa ngamajelo osasazo nezibonisa izixhobo nobuchule bokonga amanzi nezihlahla indlela yeNkqubo yokuTyinwa kwemibhobho yamanzi nasemva kokuba iFakelwe.
Unxibelelwano, imfundiso nokubizwa kwemali okucacileyo ukuguqula ukuziphatha ngendlela eyonga amanzi yexesha elide, ngamajelo eendaba, imisitho eyodwa, amaqonga nezikolo.
Ukunyusa iindlela ezizezinye zobugcisa namaphulo okonga amanzi ngohlaziyo lwamanzi, amaphulo okumbiwa kwamanzi nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi amdaka.
Ukudala imeko evumelana nolondolozo olululo lwamanzi lwexesha elide nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokuqinisekisa ukuba le yeyona ndlela yenkonzo yonikezelo ngamanzi nokubeka phambili umiliselo lwayo.
NgoSeptemba 2006 kwemiselwa imithetho kamasipala yamanzi emibini kwiSixeko saseKapa - uMthetho kaMasipala waManzi naManzi aMdaka noMthetho kaMasipala woLwelo oluvela kwimizi yorhwebo (iGazeti yePhondo 6378). Iikopi ezipheleleyo zoku zingafunyanwa kwiwebhsayithi yeSixeko (phantsi kweeNkonzo zaManzi). UMthetho kaMasipala waManzi uquka i-10% yemiqathango esisigxina yamanzi. Eli linyathelo elitsha elincumisayo kakhulu elinjongo zalo ikukuphelisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela engeyiyo.
Akukho mntu uya kunckenkceshela isitiya (phofu naziphi na iindawo ezinengca) esebenzisa amanzi aselwayo (ahlaziyiweyo, okusela), phakathi kwezi yure 10:00 no 16:00.
Kufuneka kubandakanywe izixhobo zokonga amanzi ezifana neentloko zeeshawara ezinkcenkceza kancinci nezo zifakelwa kwiimpompo, nezixhobo ezizizo zokugungxula izindlu zangasese kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezitsha nezo ziphuhliswayo kwiSixeko.
Yazi apho sikhoyo isixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi. Sidla ngokufumaneka kwibhokisi yemitha ngaphandle kwesakhiwo sakho. Kwizindlu zakudala, sidla ngokufumaneka apho umbhobho omkhulu ohamba amanzi ungena kumhlaba wakho. Qiniseka ukuba uyasifumana yaye uyakwazi ukusifunda.
EKapa kukho iindidi ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zezixhobo zokulinganisa amanzi: esibala ngokomthamo nesithelekelelayo. La manani amnyama kwezi zibali zombini achaza ubungakanani bamanzi asetyenzisiweyo. Kuye kuthathwe la manani xa kubhalwa ityala onalo lamanzi. Kulo matshini uthelelekelelayo, amaqhezu eekhilolitha abhalwe kwezi wotshana zinechokoza elibomvu ukanti kwesi sibala ngokomthamo kujongwa phaya kula ndawo inamanani abomvu. La maqhezu abomvu akajongelwa manani okubala ityala, kuwo kujongwa ukuba akukho manzi avuzayo na nezinye iingxaki ezinokuba zikho.
Cela onke amalungu osapho akhe eme kancinci ukusebenzisa amanzi lo gama usenza olu vavanyo. Linda imizuzu engama - 30 emva kokuba kuyekiwe ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi phambi kokuba uqalise olu vavanyo. Qaphela ukuba kufuneka kungasetyenziswa manzi ngayo yonke iyure ethathwa kukwenza olu vavanyo.
Fumana isixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi njengoko kuchaziwe phantsi kwesihloko esithi Funda ukufunda imitha yakho yamanzi (p80).
Bhala phantsi oko kufundeka kwisixhobo sokulinganisa.
Jonga isixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi ukubona ukuba ngaba amanzi ayahamba na kuso. Ukuba unesixhobo sokulinganisa amanzi esithelekelelayo uya kukwazi ukubona ukuba ivilana elibunkwenkwezi liyajikeleza na. Ukuba ivilana liyajikeleza, usenokuba unendawo evuzayo kwimibhobho yakho yamanzi.
Ukuba isixhobo sakho seso sibala ngokomthamo, amanani abomvu akwikona engasekunene yesibali sakho (arejistarisha isi-1/10 seelitha) akuva ngokukhawuleza ukuphuma kwamanzi yaye angakubonisa xa kukho ukuvuza okuthile ngokuthi akhawuleze aye kwinani elilandelayo. Abanye ooMasipala bayazitshixa izixhobo ezitsha zokulinganisa amanzi - ungabacela ukuba bakunike isitshixo saso. Kambe ke, kufuneka iqatshelwe into yokuba ezinye iimodeli zeemitha ezibala ngokomthamo zinamanani ama-3 endaweni yama-4 aboniswe emfanekisweni. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ela nani libomvu lingasekunene lirejistarisha ngelitha nganye enyukayo yaye alikhawulezi ukuva amanzi adlulayo njengaleya inamanani amane erejistarisha isi-1/10 seelitha.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwamanzi, bhala phantsi oko ukufunde kwisixhobo sakho sokulinganisa amanzi kwiyure emva koko ubukufunde kuqala. Kubalulekile ukuba kube akukho mntu ukhe wasebenzisa amanzi endlwini ngeli thuba, okanye uvavanyo luya kuba lolungamkelekanga.
Thabatha oko ukufunde kuqala koko ukufunde okwesibini. Oku kuya kukuxelela ukuba angakanani na amanzi avuzayo ngeyure nganye.
Biza umntu osebenza ngemibhobho yamanzi ukuba alungise oko kuvuza, cela ukuba ufakelwe imibhobho emelana nokudliwa ngumhlwa (umzekelo, ene- polyethylene ephezulu). Qaphela ukuba imibhobho ehambisa amanzi asuka kumbhobho omkhulu kamasipala kufuneka ingavalelwa okanye ifakwe phantsi kwemigangatho eyikonkriti njengoko kuchaziwe kwimithetho kamasipala.
Khumbula, iSixeko siya kulungisa nakuphi na ukuvuza kwamanzi okungaphandle komhlaba wakho, kwicala lebhunga lesixhobo sokulinganisa amanzi, ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
Umyinge wamanzi asetyenziswa yindlu yakho yangasese ungehliswa lula ngokulungiswa kakuhle nangeendlela ezilula zokongiwa kwamanzi. Imigqomo emidala yamanzi endlu yangasese ithwala phakathi kweelitha ezili- 9 nezili- 12 zamanzi. Imigqomo yangoku yamanzi endlu yangasese ithwala malunga neelitha ezi- 6 zamanzi. Ukuguqula indlu yakho yangasese ibe yileyo igungxula kaninzi (egungxula ingayeki xa umqheba usacinezelwe) okanye leyo igungxula kabini (egungxula ixesha elide negungxula ixesha elifutshane) kungakhokelela kukongiwa kwamanzi okufikelela kuma- 20% kwityala lakho lamanzi. Unako nokunciphisa umthamo womgqomo wamanzi wendlu yakho yangasese ngokufaka ibhotile okanye ingxowa eza kuthatha indawo yamanzi apha emgqomeni wamanzi wakho.
NgokoMthetho kaMasipala weSixeko waManzi omtsha umgqomo wamanzi endlu yangasese (ithoyilethi) kufuneka ungabi ngaphezu kwe-9,5 leelitha zamanzi ubukhulu (uMthetho kaMasipala waManzi iShedyuli 2 uLawulo loKusetyenziswa kwaManzi).
Njengemigqomo yamanzi endlu yangasese, imigqomo yamanzi ashushu inombhojana othintela ukuphuphuma kwamanzi. Kuqhelekile ukuba amanzi athontsize kulo mbhojana (okanye idreyini) uxonyezelelwe kwivelufa eyandisiweyo yokunceda. Xa amanzi ashushu esanda, kukhutshwa amancinci kuwo ngalo mbhojana. Ukuthontsiza kumelwe ukuba kuyeke bakuba ubushushu bamanzi bumi ndawonye. Oku kuthontsiza kuqhelekileyo kungaqhuba iyure yonke nangaphezulu. Kungaphuma ukuya kwiilita ezi- 2 zamanzi kulo mbhojana wokuthintela ukuphuphuma ngosuku ngalunye. La manzi angaqokelelwa aphinde asetyenziswe kwizityalo zakho zesitiya!
Ukuba kukho ukuthontsiza okuqhubekayo okanye ukuhamba kwamanzi kumbhojana othintela ukuphuphuma okanye ivelufa eyandisiweyo yokunceda uze umyinge wamanzi aqokelelweyo apha ube ngaphezu kweelitha ezi- 2 ngemini, kukho ukuvuza kwamanzi. Ngenxa yobumbaxa yaye mhlawumbi nobunzima bokulungisa imigqomo yamanzi ashushu evuzayo, okona kungcono kukuba ubize umntu oqeqeshelwe ukusebenza ngemibhobho yamanzi ukuba akulungiselele le ngxaki.
Umsonto ombaxa ungena kuzo zombini iimpompo ezilungiselelwe imisonto yesiqhelo ngokwesini sobukhomokazi naleyo yesobudoda. Noxa iimpompo ezininzi namhlanje zinemisonto yesiqhelo, impompo ezindala zingafuna amaqhoshana okungenisa umsonto ukuze kufakelwe lula iimveliso zokonga amanzi. Ziyafumaneka. Jonga ukuba lungakanani na uxinzelelo lwamanzi (kPa) olufunekayo ukuze ezi mveliso zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokomthetho kamasipala omtsha, ukuphuma kwamanzi kuyo nayiphi na itephu yesinki yokuhlamba izandla akunakuba ngaphezulu kweelitha ezintandathu ngomzuzu (Shedyuli 2 yoMthetho kaMasipala waManzi, uLawulo lweMfuno eMandla yaManzi).
NgokoMthetho weSixeko waManzi wooMasipala ubuninzi bomyinge wamanzi aphuma kuyo nayiphi na impompo efakelwe kwisityana sokuhlamba izandla mawungabi ngaphezu kweelitha ezi- 6 ngomzuzu (uMthetho waManzi wooMasipala iShedyuli 2 uLawulo lokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi).
Iqhoshana elingenisa umoya empompeni libiza malunga nama- R35.
Ukulungisa impompo evuzayo NGEZIGABA EZILULA ezisixhenxe!
Impompo ethontsizayo idla ngokuxela ukuba kufuneka ufakele iqhoshana elitsha.
Vala isiciko sombhobho omkhulu wamanzi (umbhobho omkhulu ongenisa amanzi endlwini yakho) uvule impompo ngokupheleleyo.
Jija ukhulule intsimbi esisangqa edibanise ezinye.
Fakela iqhoshana elitsha uze ubuyisele imortyisi. Qinisekisa ukuba unobukhulu obulungele impompo.
Phinda ubuyisele intsimbi esisangqa edibanise ezinye uze ujije ubuyisele isiciko.
Vala impompo, vula umbhobho ohambisa amanzi ngokucotha ujonge iindawo ezivuzayo kwakhona. Musa ukuyiqinisa kakhulu impompo njengoko iqhoshana elitsha lithambile yaye linokonakala.
Ukukhetha ngobulumko xa uthenga izinto zasekhaya ezintsha kungaba nefuthe elikhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwamanzi akho (nombane ngokunjalo). Khangela iimveliso ezonga amanzi nombane.
Oomashini bokuhlamba izitya basebenzisa malunga nama- 40 ukuya kuma- 75 eelitha zamanzi ngokuhlamba, kodwa oomashini abagqibelele ngakumbi bangasebenzisa kancinci kangange- 13 leelitha. Aba bangasebenzisa nombane ongaphantsi njengoko emancinci amanzi ekufuneka efudunyeziwe. Oomashini abaneempahla ezihlanjwa msinya (izitya ezingangcolanga kakhulu) okanye iimpahla ezimbalwa baya kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngama- 37% nokusetyenziswa kombane ngama- 29%.
Oomashini bokuhlamba iimpahla abagqibelele ngakumbi basebenzisa amanzi amalunga nama- 30% ngaphantsi nama- 40% ukuya kuma- 50% umbane ngaphantsi. Khangela oomashini abasebenzisa phakathi kwama- 37 ukuya 45 eelitha zamanzi ngokuhlamba. Kwakhona, amanzi ashushu amancinci athetha ukuba kusetyenziswa umbane omncinci.
Qaphela, ukuba oomashini abonga amanzi baya kufuna isepha ejiye kakhulu okanye eninzi yaye ngaphandle kokuba kungasetyenziswa sepha zimbi, azikulungelanga ukusetyenziswa kwindlela yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi amdaka.
Oomashini abafakwa iimpahla ngaphambili umthetho wabo bagqibelele ngaphezu kwabo bayifakwa ngaphezulu (bonga amanzi nombane).
umosha umbane omninzi kakhulu.
Ukuhlamba okukhawulezayo nokuhlamba iimpahla ezimbalwa kokubini kunceda ekongeni amanzi xa kuhlanjwa iimpahla ezimbalwa.
Xa usebenzisa umatshini weempahla nowezitya mawugcwale ngumthwalo weempahla okanye wezitya.
Apho izindlu zinezitiya, ezi zitiya zidla ngokusebenzisa kangangama- 30 ukuya kuma- 50% awo onke amanzi asetyenziswa kwikhaya elo. La ngamanzi anyangiweyo, aselwayo (kudla imali ukuwahlambulula) yaye kufuneka sicinge ngobulumko xa sifuna ukuwasebenzisa ezitiyeni. Singagqibelela ngakumbi ngokunkcenkceshela ngamaxesha apholileyo emini, kusetyenziswa ukunkcenkceshela okuthontsizayo, ukusebenzisa izichumiso zendalo nokufaka isitroyi kwizitiya zethu. Ezinye izityalo ezilungele ukutyalwa eKapa (ebezisoloko zikho) azifuni kunkcenkceshelwa nakancinci, ngaphandle kwaxa zisakhula.
NgokoMthetho weSixeko omtsha wooMasipala waManzi izitiya azinakunkcenkceshelwa ngamanzi okusela, phakathi kweeyure 10:00 no 16:00. xa kusetyenziswa umbhobho wokunkcenkceshela ukunckenkcesheka isitiya ufakwe kwimpompo yamanzi aselwayo, kuya kufakelwa isixhobo sokulawula amanzi, kungafakwa nokuba sisitshizi ekupheleni kombhobho. (uMthetho waManzi wooMasipala iShedyuli 2 uLawulo lokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi).
Amanzi amdaka akasoloko ekhuselekile ukuba angasetyenziswa. Kufuneka wazi ukuba ungabeka esweni ngokhuseleko izinto ezingena emanzini ulawule le ndlela ngokukuko. Ngenxa yezizathu zempilo, musa ukusebenzisa amanzi amdaka ukunkcenkceshela imifuno yakho, amayeza okanye iziqhamo oneenjongo zokuzitya. Xa usebenzisa amanzi amdaka kwisitiya sakho, kubalulekile ukuba amathontsi amanzi abe makhulu yaye amanzi aphumele ezantsi ukuze anganabeli kwezinye iindawo amanzi amdaka. La manzi makangatshizwa kwingca yakho ngeentsuku ezinomoya. Kungcono ukuwasebenzisa kwakhona la manzi kusetyenziswa indlela etofayo ewagalela kanye kwiingcambu zezityalo amanzi. Indlela yokutofa amanzi engcono ngakumbi yileyo isebenzisa imibhobho ephantsi komhlaba. Sukugalela amanzi amdaka kwizinto eziwathumela kwiidreyini ezisesitalatweni ngoba oko kungangcolisa izixokelelwano zemibhobho yamanzi ezithumela amanzi kwimilambo nemithombo yethu.
Ezi ndlela ziyabiza kodwa ziyafumaneka eKapa. Ukufaka imibhobho yamanzi amdaka kumbaxa. Yenza uphando olunzulu ngale nkqubo yaye uqinisekise ukuba usebenzisa inkampani edumileyo.
Uvimba weCandelo lokuFakela: A- Z wokuSebenza ngoBuchule ngeMibhobho yaManzi kwiZakhiwo zoRhwebo nezaMakhaya, CSIR, 2003.
Zenza ntoni ezinye izixeko eMzantsi Afrika naphesheya ukonga amanzi?
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana ayiloluhlu lweentlobo nje kuphela, kodwa ngokulandelelana kolwalamano kuthungelwano oluxandileyo, nesisaqalayo ukulunakana, ndingathethi ke ngokuluqonda. Indawo nganye kolu thungelwano luxandileyo luya luphela kancinane xa inxalenye ethile yalo iba buthathaka okanye inyamalala.
Kubudlelwane bezityalo nezilwanyana kuqwalasela iintlobo, iimfuzo neendawo ezihlala kuzo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Uhlobo lwento liqela lezinto eziphilileyo ezineempawu ezizodwa. Ngeentlobo ezohlukeneyo kuqwalaselwa inani, uhlobo nokwabiwa kweentlobo ezikwindawo ethile eziphila kuzo izityalo nezilwanyana.
Kuza kuxhaswa indlela yokusebenza 'engafuni nkathazo' neza kukhuthazwa kusetyenziswa umthetho, unyanzeli-mthetho lwala maxesha kunye norhulumente ozinikeleyo.
Inkqubo eqhubekayo yolwazi nokukhangela iza kuxhasa ukwenziwa kwezigqibo ezifanelekileyo nolawulo ngokuphathelele kwizityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Ezi zicwangciso-qhinga sithembele ekubeni kuthengwe ze kufunyanwe ubunini bezityalo nezilwanyana ngabantu baseKapa kunye nokwabelana ngoxanduva phakathi korhulumente wamakhaya nabahlali abanolwazi ngemeko-bume esingqongileyo baseKapa ngokuphathelele kwimicimbi yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ukuze kwabelwane ngokufanelekileyo, kulawulwe yaye sibe noxanduva ngentsebenziswano lwemithombo yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukenyo ezikhethekileyo zeSixeko.
Oku kuphidwe kabini nesiqingatha kwi-GDP yase-Afrika idityanisiwe. Emva kokonakaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala ngabantu, izityalo nezilwanyana ezonakalisayo zingunobangela wesibini omkhulu wokubhanga kwezityalo nezilwanyana ezithile kwihlabathi.
Izityalo ezingeyonzalelwane yalapha ezonakalisayo zitshabalalisa amandla okuvelisa omhlaba. Uhlobo lwezityalo eziziintyantyambo zaseKapa zinamandla amancinane okuxhathisa kunezityalo ezonakalisayo ezineziqu ezikhulu yaye zisebenzisa amanzi amancinane. Izityalo ezingeyonzalelwane yalapha ezonakalisayo zinamandla okuvutha angaphezu kwezalapha nto leyo ekhokelela kwimililo engacimekiyo etshabalalisa amathambeka eentaba zeSixeko sethu ngokuphindelela okoyikisayo. Izityalo ezonakalisayo zinamandla okuvutha ngobushushu bamatyeli ali-10 kunezityalo eziyinzalelwane yalapha, zitshabalalisa imbewu yeentyantyambo egcinwe emhlabeni, okanye ezilungiselelwe ukumelana nemililo engatshisi kangako. Ezazo iingcambu ziyamelana nomlilo, nangona kunjalo, kangangokuba izityalo ezingeyonzalelwane yalapha zidla ngokuntshula zomelele ngaphezu kwangaphambili kumhlaba osandula ukutsha.
ISixeko sizama ukufikelela kwikamva leSixeko elingenazityalo nazilwanyana zonakalisayo. Ngokwenza njalo, siza kusebenzisana namanye amaphulo nemibutho, efana neNkqubo ephumelele ibhaso engokuSebenzela aManzi, nekhokelwa liSebe leMicimbi yaManzi naMahlathi, ngokunjalo neNkqubo ejongene nokuSuswa kweZityalo ezingeyoNzalelwane yalapha kwiPaka ekwiNtaba yeTafile.
Ulondolozo lweNdalo kummandla we-Cape Flats yintsebenziswano eyodwa phakathi kweSixeko saseKapa, iZiko leSizwe elijongene neZityalo neZilwanyana ezoHlukeneyo kuMzantsi Afrika, iNgxowa-mali yeNtaba yeTafile (WWF-SA) kunye noMbutho wobuNzululwazi ngeZityalo woMzantsi Afrika, omanyene Nombutho weNtshukumo yoLuntu lweKapa nokuSingqongileyo (C.A.P.E). Injongo yale projekthi kukuziqhelisa ngokufanelekileyo ulawulo oluzinzileyo lwemimandla yolondolozo lwendalo ngendlela enenzuzo kwiindawo zentlalo ezingqongileyo, ngokukodwa kwiindawo apho ingeniso iphantsi yaye neemeko zentlalo zingaphucukanga.
Umbutho woLondolozo lweNdalo kummandla we-Cape Flats uxhase iinkqubo ekwaphuhliswa kuzo amaphulo okusingqongileyo engingqi kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba abanempembelelo emandla kumaphulo okusingqongileyo engingqi kunye nolwazi olufanelekileyo loluntu lwengingqi. Kwanyuswa ingxowa kulungiselelwa ukuqesha nokuqeqesha abalondolozo abatsha bendalo abaza kwenza umsebenzi wolawulo lolondolozo kwiindawo ezinezityalo zolingo. Umbutho woLondolozo lweNdalo awuloziko ngokunokwawo, kodwa yiprojekthi encedisa ukuqalisa imisebenzi. ISixeko sihleli sinoxanduva solawulo lwemihla ngemihla lweziza yaye iqela lolondolozo lwendalo liphethwe ngabalawuli bemisebenzi kwiSixeko.
Kwamiselwa iindlela ezintsha zolawulo lolondolozo lwendalo - ngentsebenziswano emandla phakathi kweqela lolondolozo noluntu. Kwagxilwa ingakumbi kuthatho-nxaxheba loLuntu ngokusebenza, kunokusebenzisa imibutho yenkxaso, ngokunjalo neentshukumo ezincinane ezikhokelela kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu. Umzekelo, umnqweno wokufumana ulutsha lwengingqi lizibandakanye ekugadeni iintaka kwisiza ezinye kwajongwana nako ekuqaleni ngokusindleka imiboniso yezikhalo zeentaka njengenxalenye yenkqubo yeeholide zezikolo. Amalungu olutsha amabini azimasa le projekthi abonisa umdla kungoku nje aqeqeshwa njengamagosa agada iintaka. Umbuzo owenziwa yititshala yengingqi ngolwazi lokusingqongileyo wakhokelela kuphuhliso loqeqesho olwenziwa rhoqo ngekota kummandla woLondolozo lweNdalo eCape Flats, intsebenziswano phakathi kwale projekthi neNkqubo ejongene neMfundo ngokuSingqongileyo yeZikolo ebandakanya abafundi abavela kummandla we-Cape Flats abali-100 behamba uhambo olude oluya kummandla we-Wolfgat, umyezo wezityalo neentyantyambo ePhilippi ukuya kwiPaka yeNdawo eManzi i-Edith Stephens. Apha endleleni bafunda ngemeko-bume yendalo nezinto ezisingqongileyo ezenziweyo zeSixeko sabo, ngaxeshanye bephuhlisa izakhono zobunkokeli nezokusebenza ngokwamaqela.
Umceli-mngeni wombutho wolondolozo lweNdalo kummandla we-Cape Flats kukuguqula iintshukumo ezincinane zibe ziinkqubo eziqhubekayo ezisebenza ngokuzimela. Umzekelo, kwinkqubo yeeNgquzu eMacassar umceli-mngeni kukuguqula le nkqubo ibe 'yeyeentsuku ezikhuselekileyo', nalapho amakhulu-khulu abafundi betyelela ezi ngquzu ukuya kwenza imisetyenzana yabo yemfundo ngokusingqongileyo, 'kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo', nalapho kukhuselekile kumaqela amancinane ukuba ahambe engakhokelwa, ze ekugqibeleni ziguqulelwe 'kwimpahla ekhuselekileyo yezoqoqosho nelinye ixabiso' nezitsala umdla wabakhenkethi nabantu balapha ukuba batyelele le ndawo.
ngokulumkileyo i-oli esetyenzisiweyo ingasiwa kuyo nayiphi na igaraji/isikhululo senkonzo yezithuthi nalapho iza kuqokelelwa ze irisayiklishwe ngabe-Rose Foundation - jonga icandelo leNkunkuma. Ezi zinto mazingalahlwa kwimingxuma yamanzi amdaka okanye esitalatweni. Nayiphi na imichiza elahlwe kumngxuma wamanzi amdaka nakumsele wamanzi esitshi ziphelela empilweni yethu, kumachweba nakwiilwandle, zibulala yaye zitshabalalise izityalo nezilwanyana.
Inkunkuma yasegadini, yasendlini neyezakhiwo kufuneka isiwe kwiziko lengingqi ekulahlwa kulo iNkunkuma ePahthekayo (jonga icandelo leNkunkuma). Ukulahla inkunkuma enjalo emadlelweni yenye yeendlela ezininzi ekonakaliswa ngayo imimandla yethu yendalo. Amaqhekeza amatye okwakha angacumza izityalo zendalo. Inkunkuma yasegadini inento eyonakalisayo yezityalo, efana nengca iKikuyu, nethi itshabalalisa idlelo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba singashiyi, okanye nilahle, iiglasi ezophukileyo edlelweni. Oku kungenza ukuba ubushushu bugxile ndaweninye nto leyo ekhokelela kwimililo.
Ukulahla inkunkuma edlelweni, okanye nakuyiphi na indawo evulekileyo lulwaphulo-mthetho. Ukuba uthe wabona nabani na elahla inkunkuma, nceda uqhagamshelane namaPolisa eNqila kule nombolo: 596 1999 ukuxela eso senzo.
Naliphi na iphepha, iplastiki okanye inkunkuma elahlwe esitalatweni, emhlabeni okanye naphi na apho kungeyondawo yokulahla inkunkuma ibizwa ngokuba 'kukungcolisa'. Yonke inkunkuma ephelela kwimimandla yendalo, ngokukodwa iplastiki, iyingozi kakhulu kwizilwanyana. Iindawo ezininzi zokutywina zihlala ziseplastikini zijijele iintamo zezilwanyana, nto leyo esika izikhumba zazo zizibulale. Isixeko sinikezela ngenkonzo yokuthuthwa kwenkunkuma kuzo zonke iindlu. Yisebenzise le nkonzo ukuthutha nayiphi na inkunkuma ongenakho ukuyisebenzisa kwakhona/ukuyirisayiklisha!
Ungaqhubi isithuthi sakho okanye itraki ngaselunxwemeni (qaphela ukuba iMiqathango elawula ukuSetyenziswa kweZithuthi ngaPhandle kwendlela iyakuthintela oku ngaphandle kokuba ukhululiwe okanye unemvume eyodwa), okanye kwimimandla yendalo. Ukuba unesithuthuthu ibhayisikili emavili mane, yikhwele kuphela kwiindawo ezimiselwe oko ngokufanelekileyo nezibekelwe bucala ukwenza oku.
Ukulawula ihlabathi lethu lendalo luxanduva lomntu wonke yaye umsebenzi omkhulu wenziwa ngokuzithandela kungajongwanga nzuzo. Ngeli xesha oku kunganiki nzuzo yamali, kukho inzuzo enkulu kubantu abazibandakanya namaqela okuzinikela kokusingqongileyo. Umsebenzi onjalo ukukhuthaza ukuba uphume wonwabele indalo yethu elilifa yokusingqongileyo. Ngumsebenzi wentlalo owakha ubuntu. Lo msebenzi wokuzinikela ukhuthazwa ngakumbi nguMongameli Mbeki.
Ummandla wolondolozo lwendalo iHarmony Flats Nature Reserve sisiza esincinane esingaphantsi kwee-akile ezili-10, nangona kunjalo, sihlala kwiindidi ezohlukeneyo zezityalo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nezitswele, ezinye zinqabile kakhulu. Esi siza sikummandla we-Strand, yaye singqongwe ziindawo zentlalo ezihlelekileyo ezingenandlela yakufikelela kwimithombo. Kusetyenziswa iprojekthi Cape Flats Nature kwasekwa iqela elisebenzayo loluntu iHarmony Flats Nature Reserve ngo-2003. Eli qela lokuzinikela liqhuba amaphulo okwazisa ngemililo kwizindlu ngezindlu namaphulo olwazi jikelele ngalo mmandla wolondolozo lwendalo. Abahlali ngoku bangabacimi-mlilo abazinikeleyo. Iqela elisebenzayo lisuse izityalo ezingeyonzalelwane yalapha, uthintelo lokhukhuliseko yaye laphuhlisa iindlela zokwenza lo mmandla ube ngokhuselekileyo yaye ulawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze abantwana badlale yaye bafunde nto kuwo. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo eli qela likhokele inkqubo yezemfundo ngokusingqongileyo ngeVeki yokuTyalwa kweMithi, likhokela abafundi abangama-400 kulo mmandla wolondolozo, libazisa ngezityalo ezikhethekileyo yaye bechazelwa nangembali yonxulumano loluntu nommandla wendalo obukekayo.
Izinto ezikhoyo: Iindawo zepikniki, iindawo zokoja, ukunyuka intaba, iindawo zokutyibiliza kumaza olwandle, ukubukela iintaka, ukubukela iminenga, ukuloba (kufuneka imvume), izinto ezenziwa ngamaqela 'Abahlobo' qho ngenyanga Imfundo ngokusiNgqongileyo: Iziko leMfundo ngokusiNgqongileyo ngoMmandla woloNdolozo waseBlaauwberg nceda ubhukishe Indawo yokulala: Ayikho Qhagamshelana: Ifowuni nefeksi 021 554 0957, imeyili bca@capetown.gov.
Iiyure: Wenza amalungiselelo xa ufuna ukutyelela Amangeno: Akakho Isithuthi: Iteksi okanye ibhasi Izinto ezikhoyo: Ukuhamba-hamba; ulawulo lwezityalo ezingaqhelekanga Imfundo ngokusiNgqongileyo: Ayikho Uqhagamshelwano: Ifowuni 700 1843; imeyili: mayaS@goldcircle.co.
Iiyure: Azikho Amangeno: Akakho Isithuthi: Iteksi, ibhasi okanye uloliwe Izinto ezikhoyo: Iintyatyambo zasentwasahlobo, imizila yembali yepikniki, ukunkcunkca, ukukhwela ibhayisikile, ukuhambisa inja Imfundo ngokusiNgqongileyo: Ayikho Uqhagamshelwano: Ifowuni 700 1843; imeyili: mayaS@goldcircle.co.
Amangeno: Abadala R6,00; Abantwana (abaneminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweli-13) R3.00; amaxhego namaxhegwazana R4.00; iimvume zokuloba zamihla le kwabadala yi-R30.00 ze kubantwana ibe yi-R10.
Iingquzu zentlabathi ezixhasa isityalo iCape Flats Dune Strandveld.
Lo mgxobhozo uxhasa iintlobo-ntlobo zeentaka.
Wonge imali ngokuthi ulawule ikhaya lakho ngendlela eyiyo.
Uphucule ukhuseleko ekhaya.
Ukuqonda imiba ebalulekileyo yokusingqongileyo esijongene nayo xa sisonke.
Ukuqonda imirhumo yeSixeko.
Ukwazi ukuba mawuye phi xa ufuna uncedo okanye iingcebiso ngeenkonzo zeSixeko.
Ukuzama obunye ubuchwepheshe obufana nezishushubezi zamanzi ezisebenza ngelanga.
Ukutyebisa ulwazi lwakho nokonwabela amathala endalo akwimimandla yethu.
Ufunde ukulungisa into evuzayo, ukutshintsha iglowubhu yesibane, ukufakela isilingi, ukujika inkunkuma yakho ibe ngumgquba kunye nezinye izinto ezincinci eziya kukunceda ukuba uphile ngokukhuselekileyo, ulondoloze okusingqongileyo kunye nemali yakho.
<fn>StateoftheNation.2007.2009-04. Xh.txt</fn>
Mongameli u F.W.
Ngethuba lokusweleka kukaMama uAdelaide Tambo, besisazi ukuba ubesandula kukhululwa esibhedlele. Kodwa, kuba besisazi nokuba ubenokuqina okusemoyeni nasemandleni kokuzimisela ukuba lijoni phakathi kwabaphilayo, siye sazimisela ukumamkela yena namanye amalungu osapho lwakhe njengeendwendwe zethu kulo msitho ukubaluleka kunje. Kodwa loo nto ayenzekanga. Ngomso siya kube simnika imbeko yethu yokugqibela xa sibeka amathambo akhe. Ngoko ke uya kube ekunye nathi ngokomoya ngeyeDwarha kulo nyaka, xa sibhiyozela iminyaka engama-90 wazalwayo umyeni wakhe, uyise wabantwana bakhe, umlingane wakhe, iqabane lakhe, kwakunye nonyana owaziwayo woluntu lwethu, u-Oliver Reginald Tambo. Siyaphinda kwakhona, sidlulisa amazwi entuthuzelo kusapho lwakwaTambo.
Noko kunjalo, ndivakalisa ngovuyo ubukho apha phakathi kwethu ngale ntsasa boHloniphekileyo uAlbertina Luthuli, intombi yomWongwa wethu wokuqala weMbasa yoXolo, uNkosi uAlbert Luthuli, nesikhumbula ukusweleka kabuhlungu kwakhe kulo nyaka, sikhumbula olo suku lulusizi, xa kwakhutshwa iingxelo zokuba utyunyuzwe nguloliwe ondlandlathekayo kumasimi omwoba aKwaDukuza. Ukusweleka kwakhe kwakusothusa yaye kungakholeleki nanjengoko ubomi bakhe babuyinkwenkwezi esikhokelela kule nkululeko siyonwabeleyo namhlanje.
Ndiziva ndinegugu neqhayiya ngokuba uMzantsi Afrika wolawulo lwesininzi ukwazi ukuba novakalelo ngokwaneleyo lokuba ukhumbule okwenzelwa isizwe nguAlbert Luthuli noOliver Tambo ngokubiza ngabo iiMbasa zethu zeLizwe - iMbasa kaLuthuli, kunye neMbasa yobuHlobo kaO.R. Tambo. Ndiyakuqonda ukuzingca kwalowo onyuselwe wabekwa kula manqanaba ezi Mbasa zeLizwe zikubaluleka kunje. Ndikwavuyiswa kukwamkela apha kule Ndlu amaqhawe eMatshi yamaKhosikazi ka-1956 kunye nawemiGushuzo yaseSoweto ka-1976 nahleli kwindawo yoMongameli, ngokunjalo namaqhawe ahloniphekileyo ethu asuka kuwo onke amaphondo ethu, naphakanyiswe ngooSomlomo bethu bamaPhondo ukuba abe yinxalenye yeqela leendwendwe ezibalulekileyo ezisikhuse amagxa namhlanje.
Urhulumente wabantu baseMzantsi Afrika, nendithetha egameni lakhe apha namhlanje, njengoko ndibe nethamsanqa lokwenza njalo kwiminyaka edlulileyo, wasekwa ngo-1994, emva koLonyulo Jikelele lwaloo nyaka.
KwiLekgotla okanye iBosberaad kaJanyuwari yaminyaka yonke kule nyanga iphelileyo, iKhabhinethi kaZwelonke ehleli encotsheni karhulumente endinethamsanqa lokumongamela, iye yakhumbuzana ukuba loo ntlanganiso yayo ibiphawula isiphakathi sobomi bukarhulumente owazalwa ngokhetho lwethu lokugqibela, luka-2004. Emva kokuba iqondiwe loo nto, kuye kwazenzekela ukuba sizibuze umbuzo wokuba - sesiqhube kangakanani na kwimizamo yethu yokufezekisa iinjongo esazixelela isizwe sethu, ngokunyanisekileyo, ukuba sizimisele kuzo, nekwathi ngenxa yazo abantu bethu basinika igunya elingathandabuzekiyo lokulawula ilizwe lethu ukususela ngo-2004 kude kube lulonyulo olulandelayo ngo-2009!
Ngemvume yenu, ndingathanda ukubuya umva kancinci, ndikhumbuze ngesakuthetha ngo-2004, singabameli babantu bethu, phambi kwabahlobo bethu abasuka kwihlabathi jikelele, ababehleli kwisihlalo sethu soburhulumente kwiZakhiwo zoManyano eTshwane, ngoSuku lweNkululeko, xa sasikhumbula iminyaka elishumi yenkululeko yethu, nokuthatha kwethu inxaxheba kuBeko ngokuseSikweni loMongameli weRiphablikhi, owayekhethwe yiPalamente yethu, ihlonipha intando yabantu neyaboniswa ngobuninzi ngolonyulo luka-2004.
Ilizwe lethu likhe lagcina kulo yaye lamela okuninzi okungcolileyo nokungafunekiyo eluntwini...
Yayiyindawo apho ukuzalwa untsundu yayikukufumana ilifa lesiqalekiso sobomi bakho bonke. Yayiyindawo apho ukuzalwa umhlophe yayikukuthwala umthwalo ongothulekiyo woloyiko nomsindo ofihliweyo...
Yayiyindawo apho ukungcola, ivumba elitsarhayo lobuhlwempu, iindawo ezihamba amanzi amdaka ezivulekileyo, ukubola okunevumba, amaqela ngamaqela onxunguphalo, imifanekiso engapheliyo yomhlaba ogcwele yinkukuma elahlwe nje, apho kwakucingelwa ukuba umba wemfuneko yokuphucula ubuhle belinye ilizwe lezitrato ezicocekileyo, neendlela ezihonjisiwe ngokhuni, nokudubula kweentyatyambo okuncedisana nengca eluhlaza yaka ngathi iyadlisela, neentaka kwakunye nezindlu ezifanele iikumkani neekumkanikazi, kunye nomculo ombambazelayo, nothando.
Yayiyindawo apho ukuhlala kwiindawo ezithile yayikukuzibizela ukwenziwa ixhoba ngabanye okanye umntu azigxeke ngokuxhaphaza abanye, abamelwane onokuba nabo benokuba ngamaxhoba okulawulwa butywala neziyobisi nezazinciphisa intlungu yokuphila, ababesazi ukuba ubomi babo abunakuba bobuqhelekileyo kungakhange kubekho kufa, kudlwengula nemilo enzima engenasizekabani.
Sihlangene apha namhlanje, ngoMhla weNkululeko, kuba ngokuhamba kwamaxesha, abantu bethu, bekunye nezigidi-gidi zabantu kwihlabathi jikelele, abangamaqabane eemfazwe nabamelwe ziindwalutho zeendwendwe zethu, bafikelela kwisigqibo sokuthi - mayiphele yonke loo nto!...
"Sikhuthazeke kakhulu kukuba uLonyulo Jikelele lwethu kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo, luye lwaqinisekisa ukuzimisela kwabantu bethu, nokuba ngabaluphi na uhlanga, ibala nobuzwe, ekusebenzisaneni ukwakha uMzantsi Afrika obambisene ngephupha elinye "Akukho nanye kwezi ngxaki zasekuhlaleni ekufuneka sizisombulule enokusonjululwa ingajongwanga imeko yokuveliswa kwemisebenzi nokunciphisa kwanokulwa nobuhlwempu. Oku kuhambelana nayo yonke into, ukusuka kuphuculo lwempilo yabantu bethu, ukuya ekuncitshisweni kwezinga lolwaphulo-mthetho, kuphakanyiswa amazinga okukwazi ukufunda nokubala, kukwavulwa neengcango zokufunda nenkcubeko kumntu wonke...
Siyathembisa kuwo onke amaqhawe namaqhawekazi ethu awazincamayo ngenxa yenkululeko yethu, ngokunjalo nakuni, abahlobo bethu abasuka kwihlabathi lonke, ukuba soze singcatshe ukusithemba enikubonise kuthi xa benisinceda nisinika ithuba lokuguqula uMzantsi Afrika ukuba ube lilizwe elilawulwa ngentando yesininzi, elinoxolo, elingenabuhlanga, elingacalu-calulani ngokwesini nelinobutyebi, nelizinikezele kumbono ophucukileyo womanyano lomntu wonke.
"Umsebenzi wokuqala loo Mzantsi Afrika sele uqalile. Loo msebenzi uya kuqhubeka ngokuhamba kweShumi lesiBini leminyaka yeNkululeko yethu."
Kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu yangaphambili, xa babelungiselela ukubamba iNkongolo yaBantu, eyavuma iTshatha yeNkululeko, abanombono ngolo suku babethe, "Masithethe sonke, sonke sisonke - umAfrika nomYurophu, iNdiya noweBala bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika ... Masithetheni sonke ngenkululeko. Uvuyo olunokubakho kwabasebuhlanti nabasegoqweni xa behlala kwilizwe elikhululekileyo". Kufuneka namhlanje sihlaziye isithembiso sethu, sokuthetha sonke ngenkululeko, sokusebenza ngokubambisana ukuphumeza ulonwabo lwako konke okuza nokukhululeka, ukusebenzela ukwakha uMzantsi Afrika onephupha elinye, ukuthi, sisebenza kunye, - kwanele ngayo yonke into eyenze ilizwe lethu lagcina kulo yaye lamela okungcolileyo nokungafunekiyo eluntwini!
Kufuneka siqhubeke nokujongana nezinto ngendlela esathetha ngayo xa lo rhulumente uphetheyo ngoku wayeqala ukungena esihlalweni, siqonda kananjalo ukuba "akukho nanye kwezi ngxaki zinkulu zentlalo ekufuneka sizisombulule ekwaziyo ukusonjululwa ngaphandle kwemeko yokuveliswa kwemisebenzi kunye nokuncitshiswa nokupheliswa kobuhlwempu', yaye ngoko ke "iinzame zokuphelisa ubuhlwempu bezisoloko yaye ziya kusoloko ziphala phambili kwimizamo yesizwe yokwakha uMzantsi Afrika omtsha".
nokufaka isandla nangakumbi ekusonjululweni kwemibuzo ephambili ejamelene noluntu lwehlabathi.
Ndinovuyo ukunika ingxelo yokuba, ngokubhekiselele kuso ngasinye kwezi zibophelelo, urhulumente usashiyeka esebenza nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinjongo zesizwe ziyafezekiswa.
Ngomyinge ophakathi ongaphezu kwe-4,5%, izinga lokukhula koqoqosho lwethu kule minyaka mibini inesiqingatha idlulileyo ubukwelona nqanaba liphezulu ukususela oko safumana ulawulo lwentando yesininzi ngo-1994. Utyalo-mali kuqoqosho lwethu, olwenziwa ngamacandelo karhulumente nawabucala belusenyuka ngezinga elimalunga ne-11%, ngelixa inkcitho epheleleyo eyenziwa kwizixhobo zecandelo likarhulumente ibisonyuka ngomyinge ophakathi oli-15,8%. Namhlanje, utyalo-mali olungatshintshiyo olungumyinge weMveliso ePheleleyo eyenziwe kweli lizwe - omalunga ne-18.4% - eyona ndawo iphezulu ukususela ngo-1991.
Inani labantu abaqeshiweyo lonyuke laya kutsho malunga nesiqingatha sesigidi ngonyaka kule minyaka mithathu idlulileyo.
Siyibonile inkqubela ezinzileyo kuphuculo lwabantu abaNtsundu kwezoqoqosho. Sisuka ekubeni netyala elingaphezu kwe-3% yoqoqosho olusisiseko lwe-JSE ngo-2004, oku kunyuke kwaya kutsho phantse kwi-5%; yaye isixa sabaNtsundu abakulawulo oluphezulu sonyuke ukusuka kwi-24% ukuya kuma kwisixa esipheleleyo se-27%. Ngelo xesha ke kusafuneka siwaxhalabele la manani nanjengoko esephantsi ngokumangalisayo.
Ukukhula koqoqosho kuze nemiceli-mngeni emininzi kuthi sonke. Ukunyuka okukhulu nokuzinzileyo kwimfuno yabathengi kubonisa ukukhula okulungileyo kumaqondo obutyebi kuluntu lonke; yaye iiprojekthi zezixhobo ezikhulu ezininzi esizenzayo zifuna ukwenziwa kwezixhobo noomatshini abaninzi.
Kodwa ukulingana kwethu norhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kubonisa ukuba asikaphumeleli ekwakheni ukukwazi ukuvelisa abathengisi neemveliso ezingundoqo ezifunwa lilizwe lethu. Ngelixa amatyala ethu angaphakathi onyuke ngenqanaba elilinganayo nokukhula kwengeniso, into yokuba abemi baseMzantsi Afrika belondoloza kancinci ithetha ukuba kufuneka sixhomekeke kulondolozo lwamanye amazwe. Ukuqhubeka kokuhla kwamandla email yethu nako khange kuluthethelele ncam urhwebo lwangaphandle lwethu.
Kule minyaka mithathu idlulileyo, uqoqosho ludale imisebenzi emalunga nesiqingatha sesigidi. Kuyakhuthaza ukuba ngonyaka osuka kweyoKwindla ka-2005 ukuya kweyoKwindla ka-2006 uwodwa, imisebenzi engama-300 000 eyadalwayo yayikwicandelo likarhulumente ngaphandle kwezolimo, nto leyo imele izinga lokukhula eliyi-4%.
Inxenye encinci yale misebenzi ngamathuba emisebenzi esisigxina adaleke ngeNkqubo eyaNdisiweyo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu. Kodwa akukho kuwuthandabuza umba wokuba le nkqubo inakho ukusebenza yaye kufuneka inyuselwe phezulu kangangoko. Akukho mathandabuzo kwinto yokuba singenza ngcono ukudala ukuziqesha ngamashishini amancinci nasakhulayo. Yaye xa sicinga ngokuba uninzi lwabantu abangaqeshwanga lulutsha, singenza ngcono ngokwenza uncedo olufana neNkonzo yoLutsha kaZwelonke kunye nokukhuliswa kwabarhwebi abasakhulayo.
Kuligugu ukuba sibe, ngokuhambelana nokuzinikezela kwethu ekwakheni isizwe esikhathalayo, ukususela ngo-2004 siphucule indlela esinika ngayo iinkonzo kunye neminye imiba ejongene noluntu. Ngelixa abo baxhamla kwindodla karhulumente ababemalunga nezigidi ezisi-8 ngo-2004, namhlane izigidi ezili-11 zabantu abahluphekileyo baseMzantsi Afrika ziyafikelela kule ndodla. Kuyakhuthaza ukuba amazinga okukhula ekunyukeni kwabantu ababhalisela le ndodla, kutsha nje onyukele kumaqondo alawulekayo, ngokuya le nkqubo ikhula. Le nto iza kuqinisekisa ukuzinza, kunye nokuqeshwa kwabanye abantu bakarhulumente abaza kunika iinkonzo zoqoqosho eziza kudala eminye imisebenzi namathuba oshishino.
Inkqubo yolwakhiwo lwezindlu sele ikhuphe izibonelelo zezindlu ezimalunga nama-300 000 ezikhutshwe kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo. Kodwa ke, njengokuba sifuna ukuphucula umgangatho, sakhe izicwangciso zabo baphoswe ziinkqubo ezizayo zecandelo likarhulumente nelabucala, ukwenzeka kwezi zinto kuye kwacotha ngaphezu kokuba bekulindelekile. Kufuneka sisebenze ukuze le meko itshintshe.
Nanjengoko amalungu aHloniphekileyo esazi, kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo siyile saza saqala ukwenza iinkqubo ngeenkqubo ezijonge ekuphuculeni izithuthi zikawonkewonke. Zona ke ziquka inkqubo yothengo ngokutsha kweeteksi (itaxi recapitalisation programme) neenkqubo eziqalwa ngamaphondo ezifana neMoloto Rail Corridor eseMpumalanga nalapho sele uqalile umsebenzi wokujonga ukuba iza kuphumelela na, iKlipfontein Corridor eKapa neprojekthi yeGautrain nezinonxulumano nazo zonke iindlela zothutho zikawonke-wonke. Ezi ke, kunye nezinye iinkqubo eziqaliweyo ziyinxalenye yendlela yokwenza yezithuthi zikawonkewonke, edibanisa zombini ezisebenzisa indlela kwanezo zisebenzisa umzila. Siza kujongana nokwenziwa okukhawulezileyo kwezi nkqubo ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu, ngakumbi abasebenzayo.
Ukukwazi ukufikelela kumbane, amanzi nogutyulo kuphuculwe noko. Ngo-2005, uMzantsi Afrika wawusele uyifezekisile iNjongo yoPhuhliso yeMileniyam ngokubhekisele kunikezelo lwamanzi olusisiseko, ufikelelo kuwo luphuculwe ukusuka kuma-59% ngo-1994 lwaya kuma-83% ngo-2006. NgokweNkqubo yoPhuhliso yeZizwe eziManyeneyo (iUnited Nations Development Programme - UNDP), uMzantsi Afrika lelinye lamazwe ambalwa ankcitho yawo yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali iba ncinci kwezomkhosi ngaphezu kwaleyo yezamanzi nogutyulo.
" UMzantsi Afrika ubonise ukuba ilungelo loluntu lamanzi linokusebenza njengesixhobo sokuxhobisa kwanesikhokelo kwipolisi... Uphuculo lwamanzi afumaneka ngokwaselungelweni kuwenze wandisa ufikelelo emanzini waza waphelisa imbali yokungalingani ngokobuhlanga okwakufunyenwe kurhulumente wocalucalulo, inxenye yako ikukubiza abantu ngokuselungelweni".
Ngokwenene kufuneka siyibhiyozele le mpumelelo inkulu kangaka. Kodwa ke kuyinyani ukuba izigidi ezisi-8 zabantu azikabinawo amanzi afumaneka lula. Uninzi lwabo alunawo umbane nogutyulo.
Siyazingca ngokuba kunyaka omnye, sikwazile ukunciphisa ukupheliswa kwendlela yamabhakethe ebisesemva ngokumalunga nesiqingatha ematyotyombeni. Sisendleleni yokuyiphelisa le ndlela ijongela phantsi isidima sabantu kwezi ndawo ekupheleni kwalo nyaka. Siza kuqhuba nokujongana nale miceli-mngeni ukuze sikucime kuphele okungcolileyo nokungafunekiyo elizweni lethu ukuze sonke sithethe ngenkululeko nolonwabo oluza nayo.
Ukujongelwa kufutshane kokufumaneka kwemfundo nezakhono kubonisa ukuphucuka okukwinqanaba eliphezulu ngo-2004, nangona kuhamba ngonyawo lonwabu nje. Le nto ibhekisa kumanqanaba okukwazi ukufunda nokubhala, ukubhalisa ngamanani aphezulu ezikolweni kwakunye namazinga okuthatha inxaxheba kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo. Amazinga angazinzanga empumelelo yeMatriki ayakubonisa ukuba kusekuninzi ekusafuneka kwenziwe ukuzinzisa le meko nokuqinisekisa ngokuphucuka okuqhubela phambili. Kwangaxeshanye, inani labafundi abaphumelela iMatriki bephumelela iziBalo zesigaba esiphakamileyo lingcono kancinci kunelo lango-1995. Sisaqhubeka nokubonakalisa ukuba buthathaka ekwenzeni inkqubo yeMfundo esisiSeko yabaDala.
Ngelixa inkqubo yokubuyiselwa komhlaba iye yaneempumelelo ezininzi kutsha nje, kusafuneka sizame nangakumbi ukujongana namatyala asaseleyo, nelunzima kakhulu uninzi lwawo. Kwelinye icala, incinci kakhulu inkqubela eyenziweyo ngokubhekiselele ekwahlulwahlulweni komhlaba. Siza kujonga ngocoselelo ezi meko ziyibuyisela umva le nkqubo ukuze ikhawuleziswe ngokukhawuleza. Zonke ezi nkqubo zoqoqosho nezoluntu ziyinxalenye yendlela yethu yokunciphisa nokuphelisa ubuhlwempu obuqhubekayo nobuswantsulisa abantu bethu. Umsebenzi owenziwe ekuqhubeni kwalo nyaka uphelileyo, ngoomama bewenza ngombutho wooMama baseMzantsi Afrika kwiNgxoxo (iSouth African Women in Dialogue) nosebenza namasebe ngamasebe karhulumente, kuquka utyelelo kumazwe afana neTunisia neChile apho kwenziwe inkqubela eninzi ekulweni nobuhlwempu, uyakubonisa ukusilela kukarhulumente wethu kule meko.
Nokukhawuleziswa kokuqeqeshwa kooNontlalontle bamaKhaya kumanqanaba engqeqesho ngokwemfundo kwanancedisayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba loo mizi ichongiweyo ixhaswa yaye ilandelelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Le nto iza kuqinisekisa ngokunxulunyaniswa kwabo baxhamla kuncedo lwezentlalo neenkonzo zikamasipala kwanamathuba emisebenzi, ajongene nalo msebenzi ngokuqhubekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba baninzi kangangoko abantu abaphumayo ekuxhomekekeni kwindodla karhulumente baye kuziphangelela. Okwangoku, siza kuqhubeka nokujonga izinto ezintsha ezinokuqalwa neziya kuqhubeka nokuphucula imeko yoluntu. Eyona nto iphambili kolu ncedo loluntu kufuneka ibe kukuqinisa iinzame ezibambeneyo ezizama ukuphucula ukubambana koluntu kubo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika.
Kulo nyaka wokukhunjulwa kweminyaka engama-60 yeSithembiso sooGqirha (Doctors Pact) seenkokeli zoluntu lwama-Afrika namaNdiya (u-AB Xuma, GM Naicker noYusuf Dadoo), iminyaka engama-30 yokubulawa kukaSteve Biko kunye neminyaka engama-20 yotyelelo lweengqondi zamaBhulu eDakar ukuya kudibana ne-ANC, umba wobuwena obahlukeneyo kunye nokuba ubani ungowaluphi na uhlanga eMzantsi Afrika kufuneka kujongwe kuzo zonke iintlanga, ngendlela eqinisa umanyano njengesizwe. Kwakhona, kwakulo mba, ukukhunjulwa kweminyaka engama-30 yokuvalwa kwamaphephandaba iThe World neThe Weekend World, sinyanzelekile ukuba sizibuze umbuzo othi - ngaba siluqonda ncam na uxanduva lwethu lokwakha umanyano lwesizwe nokukhuthaza ukuzixelela ukuba ubani ungowaluphi na uhlanga okufanayo, ngokwenjenjalo siqinisa isincamathelisi esibumba isizwe sethu.
Ngamanye amazwi, iindlela ezifunekayo zokuphucula umanyano loluntu azinakwenziwa ngurhulumente yedwa. Kufuneka sisonke njengabemi boMzantsi Afrika sithethe ngenkululeko kwiimbophelelo zeminqweno nokubola kwezimilo, size sisebenzele ukufumana ulonwabo oluza nayo. Mam' uSomlomo noSihlalo; Ndiqinisekile ukuba siya kuvumelana sonke ukuba ukusebenza kunye ukuzama ukufezekisa ulonwabo oluza nenkululeko kungena ngokufanayo kumceli-mngeni wokujongana nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ukukhuthaza uxolo nokhuseleko kuya kuquka wonke umntu. Kuya kwakhela kwandise intshisakalo yesizwe yokwakha uxolo siphelise ubundlobongela obungapheliyo olujamlene nabo uluntu kujongwa kakhulu kwiintlobo ezithile zobundlobongela abathi bajongane nabo oomama...
"Uxolo nozinzo kwezopolitiko ikwazizinto eziphambili kwiinzame zikarhulumente zokwakha indawo evumela ukwenziwa kwezinto nekhuthaza utyalo-mali iintshukumo ezicwangcisiweyo ziya kwenziwa ukuphelisa ukungabinamthetho, ukuthutyeleziswa kweziyobisi, ukuthengiswa kwemipu, ubundlobongela, ngakumbi ukuxhatshazwa koomama nabantwana."
Ngokuqinisekileyo, asinakukucima kuphele okungcolileyo size sibange ulonwabo oluza nenkululeko, ukuba uluntu lwethu luhlala ngoloyiko, luvaleleke ngaphaya kweendonga ezinkulu neengcingo ezihlabayo, lusoloko lunexhala emakhayeni alo, ezitratweni nasezindleleni zethu, lungakwazi ukonwabela ngokukhululekileyo iindawo zethu zoluntu. Ngokucacileyo, kufuneka siqhubeke siphindi siqinise nangakumbi ukulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ngelixa sele sigqithile kwinani ebesijonge kulo lamapolisa ali-152 000 aqeshwayo kwiNkonzo yesiPolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika, yaye kwangeli lixa siyiphuculeyo inkqubo yethu yoqeqesho, siyayibona into yokuba ifuthe lale nto alikabi likhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba wonke umntu azive enokhuselo nokhuseleko olungcono. Ngelixa sizinciphisileyo izehlo zolwaphulo-mthetho oluninzi olwenzeka ngokudibana kwabantu (contact crime), elona zinga lokuncitshiswa kwazo ngokubhekiselele kuluhlu olufana nokuqhekezelwa, ukuxhatshazwa ngokubethwa nokubulawa zisengaphantsi kwesi-7-10% ebesijonge kuso. Luze uxhatshazo loomama nabantwana luqhube ngelona zinga lingamkelekiyo konke.
Ukunyuka kwezehlo zolwaphulo-mthetho oluthile ngamathuba ogwayimbo lwabasebenzi bezokhuselo kufanele ukuba kusixelele sonke ukuba icandelo lezokhuselo alinakugcinwa lingumcimbi wabucala wecandelo labucala. Kucace gca ukuba indlela yokulawula esinayo ayanelanga. Le nto ibhekisa kwimiba efana namanqanaba emivuzo, iindlela zokuphanda abasebenzi, ukunyanzeliswa kwezikhokelo zezithuthi ezihambisa imali, njalo njalo. Lo ngumcimbi esiza kuwuhlola ngokokuhamba konyaka, ukuze, ukongeza ekuphuculeni umsebenzi wamapolisa, sibe nokuthi sikunye nequmrhu lezokhuselo labucala, sidale indawo eyandisa ukufezekiseka kokhuselo olulindelwe luluntu nolukhusela izixhobo ezikhulu.
Siza kuphinda siqhubeke nokwandisa iinzame zethu ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kweenkundla zethu, ukwandisa izinga lokuncitshiswa kokuxinga kwamatyala. Siza kuqinisekisa nokuba izigqibo zokwandisa izixhobo zeeNkonzo zoLungiso-zimo, ukuphucula ukulawula koLawulo lweMida, ngokunjalo neenkonzo zokungena elizweni kunye namaxwebhu ako, ziphakathi kwezinto ezenzekayo.
Uninzi lwezinto ezisenza sibe buthathaka ekuphuculeni iinkonzo esizinika uluntu luvela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, emandleni nakwiindlela zethu zokwenza ezingonelanga ukukubeka iliso ukwenziwa kwezinto. Ngenxa yoko, kwisithuba esiya ku-2009, umba woququzelelo nokunikwa amandla kukarhulumente uya kusoloko uphezulu kwiinkqubo zethu.
Into eye yabonakala, phakathi kwezinye, njengendawo efuna uncedo olukhawulezileyo luqeqesho oluya kufunyanwa ngabasebenzi bakarhulumente kumaziko ohlukeneyo kwakunye nenxaxheba yeZiko loPhuhliso loLawulo loMzantsi Afrika (iSA Management Development Institute - SAMDI) neyeyona bekufanele ukuba ngoyena mniki-nkonzo uphambili kuquka noqeqesho loninzi lwabasebenzi bakarhulumente.
Amazinga okulandela imithetho kumasebe, ngokubhekiselele kwinkonzo karhulumente nomthetho wolawulo lwezimali, ebenokuxuba okuthile. Ngokucacileyo, le nto ayinakuvunyelwa ukuba iqhube, nokuba sesikuthathela ingqalelo ukuqatshelwa okuchanekileyo kokuba iimfuno zophicotho-zincwadi kumanqanaba esizwe namaphondo ziye zangqongqo kangakanani na. Ngoko ke, ukwenziwa kwendlela yokwenziwa kwesivumelwano kufuneka ngamandla, ngakumbi kubalawuli abaphezulu.
Iinkqubo zokuphucula ukukwazi ukusebenza kwendlela yokulawula koorhulumente basemakhaya bethu zisaqhuba ngokuzolileyo. Kanye emva kolonyulo loorhulumente basemakhaya leyoKwindla ka-2006, iinkqubo zoqeqesho ezenziweyo, zithathela ingqalelo ukuba ama-62% oosodolophu basetsha.
Into exhalabisayo kukuba kuninzi lwaba masipala, izithuba ezininzi zisekhona okanye ziye zavela kulawulo oluphezulu kunye noqeqesho lwakumaziko emfundo. Ngokomzekelo, ngeyoMsintsi kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ama-27% oomasipala babengenabo abalawuli boomasipala; kwiPhondo lasemNtla-Ntshona, izinga lezithuba zemisebenzi kulawulo oluphezulu lalingaphezu kwama-50%; ngelixa eMpumalanga yaba yi-1% kuphela yabalawuli abaphezulu abazigqibayo iziVumelwano eziPhambili zokuSebenza (Key Performance Agreements). Siyaqhuba nokujongana nale miceli-mngeni yaye siya kwenza konke okusemandleni ethu, sincedwa sisiKhokelo seMinyaka emiHlanu seNdlela yokuSebenza yooRhulumente basemaKhaya (iFive Year Local Government Strategic Agenda), nesiquka uncediso olucacileyo loomasipala ngamaqela kazwelonke nowamaphondo, ukusasazwa kwabasebenzi abanezakhono, kuquka neengcali ezizinikezelayo ezisuka kuluntu ngokubanzi, ukuqiniswa kweeKomiti zeeWadi - ngama-80% azo asekwe kwilizwe jikelele.
Inkqubo yokulungelelanisa izixhobo zokucwangcisa kuwo onke amacandelo karhulumente (oko kukuthi, iNdlela yoPhuhliso lweNdawo lukaZwelonke (iNational Spatial Development Perspective), iiNdlela zoKhuliso noPhuhliso lwePhondo (iProvincial Growth and Development Strategies) kunye neziCwangciso eziDibeneyo zoPhuhliso (iiIntegrated Development Plans) isaqhuba, iiprojekthi zokulinga ulungelelwaniso olupheleleyo zisaqhutywa kwizithili nezithili ezimbaxa zethu ezili-13. Ezi projekthi zilingwayo kufuneka zibe zigqityiwe ekupheleni kwalo nyaka.
Kungerekhodi esizidlayo ngalo ukuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sezithili nezithili ezimbaxa sele zizenzile iiNdibano eziNkulu (iiSamithi) zazo zoPhuhliso noKhuliso, yaye eziseleyo zizimisele ukuyigqiba le nkqubo ekupheleni kweyoMdumba. Le nto iya kusose ibeke isiseko sokusebenzisana kwabo bonke abalingane basekuhlaleni ekukhawuleziseni uphuhliso loqoqosho lwasekuhlaleni.
Ndingathanda ukuthatha eli thuba lalo msitho ukugqithisa ongazenzisiyo umbulelo kuSekela-Mongameli uPhumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka ngobunkokeli obukhuthazayo athe wabubonakalisa ekwenziweni kwesiQalo soHlumiso oluKhawulezileyo noLwabelanayo (iAccelerated and Shared Growth Initiative - AsgiSA), esebenzisana nabaPhathiswa neeNkulumbuso ezenza iQela eliThunyiweyo (iTask Team), elijongene ngokubonakalayo nemiba eyodwa efuna ukwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ngamazinga aphezulu nangakumbi otyalo-mali kwanokutsala umdla wabasebenzi, ngokunjalo nemiba efana nophuhliso lwezakhono kunye nokusebenza ngokwanelisayo kukarhulumente. Siyibulela kakhulu inxaxheba yawo onke amaLungu esiGqeba seLizwe kunye nabaphathi babasebenzi bethu, kuwo omathathu amacandelo karhulumente, ngokukhokela le nkqubo nokwenza inkqubo karhulumente xa iyonke. Le nto ibalulekile kwiinzame zethu zokucima oko kungcolileyo nokungafunekiyo kuluntu lwethu ukuze sonke sithethe ngenkululeko nolonwabo oluza nayo.
agqibezele inkqubo yokuhlola amava eli lizwe ekwenziweni kwezibonisi zoqoqosho lwamashishini amakhulu ezifana namaZinga *Tshintshiselwano, amazinga okunyuka kwamaxabiso nenzala, ukwenzela ukuyila iindlela eziya kuncedisana nokukhula kwamashishini amakhulu avelisa iimveliso ekunokurhwetywa ngazo kwiintengiso zalapha kweli lizwe nangaphandle, yaye zikwazi ukutsala umdla wabasebenzi abaninzi abanezakhono ezingephi.
siyile indlela ebanzi yokubeka ngokokubaluleka uncedo olungundoqo olufunekayo ekuxhamleni kwimigodi nezimbiwa, kwezolimo nolungiso lweemveliso zolimo, kwicandelo leemveliso ezimhlophe, kumashishini ezobugcisa, kwiinkonzo zoluntu nezentlalo kwakunye nezamachiza (pharmaceuticals). Le nto kufuneka iquke ukuzimisela ekunyuseleni ukukwazi kwelizwe lethu ukuvelisa iimveliso ezingundoqo. Ngoko ke ukuze sixhamle kwizimbiwa, umzekelo, siya kuqalisa uMrhwebi weeDayimane kaRhulumente (iState Diamond Trade) oya kuthenga i-10% yeedayimane kubavelisi balapha ekhaya aze azithengisele abasiki nabavelisi bakwalapha ekhaya. Siyavuya ke kuba uDeBeers uvumile ukusinceda ngolawulo, izakhono zobugcisa kunye nonikezelo ngezinto (asset provision) isithuba seminyaka emithathu, engasihlawulisi nesenti.
iinkqubo zophuhliso zokuncedisana notyalo-mali kumacandelo ahambelana nokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo zeenkqubo zezixhobo ezikhulu (infrastructure programmes) zethu, kuquka neemveliso ze-ICT, ezothutho nezamandla: ngokubhekiselele kwezamandla, siya kukhawulezisa umsebenzi wethu wokuqinisekisa ngokuthembeka okukhulu kokwenziwa kwamandla enyukliye ombane, igesi yendalo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zemithombo yamandla ekwaziyo ukuqalelwa ngokutsha (renewable sources of energy). Kunxibelelwano, ndiyavuya ukunazisa ukuba iSebe lezoNxibelelwano, likunye neenkampani zeefowuni eziphathwa ngesandla kunye noTelkom zigqibezela izicwangciso zokujongana namazinga okuqhawulwa kweminxeba kulo nyaka ukuze kuxhamle bonke abasebenzisi bayo. Ngaphezulu, uTelkom uya kubiza nentlawulo ephantsi kakhulu yolwandiso lwenethiwekhi (bandwidth) yamazwe ngamazwe kumaziko eminxeba yophuhliso alishumi, iziko ngalinye liqesha abantu abali-1000, nengenxalenye yeenzame zokwandisa icandelo le-BPO. La maziko aya kwenziwa kwiindawo ezichongwe ngurhulumente. La maxabiso awodwa aya kuthelekiseka ngqo nalawo enkonzo efanayo kunye nobungakanani bayo ngenyanga, ethi inikwe kuwo nawaphi na amazwe.
Siza kuphinda senze amanyathelo ngamanyathelo okuphucula ukhuphiswano kuqoqosho, njengenxalenye yezinto ezenziwayo ukunciphisa iindleko zokwenza ushishino nokukhuthaza utyalo-mali, kuquka nokuqaliswa okusebenzayo kwendlela yoHlolo lweFuthe loMthetho (iRegulatory Impact Assessment - RIA system), kusakhiwa ukukwazi kwenethiwekhi ebanzi (broadband) ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza elizweni jikelele nakumazwe ngamazwe, kugqityezelwa isicwangciso sokuphucula ukukwazi komzila wenethiwekhi kunye nabasebenzi beentambo zombane, kunye nokuqinisa ukusebenza kwamaziko esikhuphisana nawo.
Inkqubela esele siyenzile ekwenziweni ngokutsha kweeKholeji zeMfundo noQeqesho oluQhubekayo (iFurther Education and Training - FET) kudale ukuba sikwazi ukwandisa kangangoko inani lamagcisa afumanekayo. Ukuqalela kulo nyaka, kuya kubekwa imithombo yokunika uncedo lwezimali kubaqeqeshwa abafuna uncedo, nabangena kula maziko. Kwangaxeshanye, siza kusombulula ngokukhawuleza uxanduva oluphakathi kwamacandelo kazwelonke nawephondo kulawulo lwala maziko e-FET. Sinalo ithemba lokuba iinzame zethu zokukhuthaza olu hlobo lwamathuba ziya kunceda ekuthumeleni umyalezo, ngakumbi kubantu bethu abatsha, wokuba izakhono zamagcisa zifuneka kukhuliso lwezoqoqosho ngokubaluleke ngokufanayo namanye amanqanaba eziqinisekiso zemfundo.
Emva kokuthethathethana okunzulu phakathi kukarhulumente neenkokeli zeeyunivesithi zethu, kufikelelwe kwisivumelwano kwaza kwathathwa isigqibo malunga nemithombo yokuqinisekisa ukuba izakhono ezifunekayo zikhona.
Kungoko ke sithanda ukuncoma indima edlalwe sisiQalo esiDibeneyo sokuFumaneka kweZakhono (iJoint Initiative on Skills Acquisition - JIPSA), nesidibanisa urhulumente, amashishini, abasebenzi, amaziko oqeqesho kunye nabanye.
Nanjengoko amalungu aHloniphekileyo esazi, silinyuse kakhulu inani lokungahlawulwa kwemali ezikolweni.
Ekwenzeni le nto kwakunye nezinye iinkqubo, siya kuncediswa kukuzimisela kwethu ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA ka-2010 yenziwa ngeyona ndlela iphambili. Xa kulapho ke singathanda ukuvuyisana neKomiti yoQuquzelelo yeLizwe (iLocal Organising Committee - LOC) kunye nabanye esibambisene nabo ngomsebenzi omhle kangaka abawenzayo.
Ngokucacileyo, ukuze siqiniseke ukuba bonke abemi baseMzantsi Afrika bonwabela ulonwabo oluza nokukhula koqoqosho, ezi kunye nezinye iindlela ziya kufuna ukukhatshwa yinkqubo eqinisiweyo yokujongana nemiceli-mngeni kuQoqosho olukwiNdawo yesiBini.
nokuqala ukusebenzisa uMthetho wamaLungelo oMhlaba woLuntu (iCommunal Land Rights Act) ukuze siphucule ukusetyenziswa komhlaba woluntu kwezoqoqosho, ngelixa sisandisa uncedo olufana nonkcenkcesho, iimbewu kunye nezixhobo kumafama amancinci kunye nasebenza ngokudibeneyo.
Inkqubo zezoqoqosho esele sizichaphazele zenza inxalenye yentsebenziswano edibeneyo apho uMzantsi Afrika wonke kufuneka usebenze ukuze unciphise amazinga obuhlwempu nokungalingani kuluntu lwethu. Kuthi ayiyontetho yemihla ngemihla nje ukuthi impumelelo yolawulo lwesininzi lwethu kufuneka ijongwe ngokwamanyathelo aphathekayo esiwenzayo ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi babona bantu babuthathaka kuluntu lwethu.
Ukuze siphucule kwiinkqubo zoluntu ebesizenza ngokokuhamba kweminyaka, kulo nyaka sijonge ekugqibeni umsebenzi osele uqalile wokuhlaziya indlela yethu yokhuselo loluntu ukwenzela ukuba ukwenziwa okulungiseleweyo kube kungaqala kwangoko kangangoko. Okubalulekileyo kule nto siyenzayo iya kuba ngumsebenzi wokulungisa ukungalungi okubonwe kwiNgxelo ka-2002 yeKomiti yoPhando malunga neNdlela eDibeneyo yoKhuselo loLuntu eMzantsi Afrika (i2002 Report of the Committee of Inquiry into a Comprehensive System of Social Security in South Africa). Kona ke kukuba intsika ngokubhekiselele kwinzuzo yendlela yokhuselo loluntu lwethu ayibonakali okanye ayithembekanga kubantu abaninzi abasebenzayo. Umthetho-siseko okhokela le ndlela ngowokuba, ngaphezu koncedo loluntu olunikwa ngohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lukarhulumente, kufuneka sijonge ukuqalwa koncedo oluhambelana nengeniso kwindlela yokhuselo loluntu olukhokelwa yimithetho-siseko yoluntu oluluqilima.
Le nto iya kuthetha ukuba bonke abemi baseMzantsi Afrika baya konwabela ubulungu bendlela efanayo, elawulwayo nesebenzayo ye-inshorensi yoluntu, ngelixa abo bafumana iingeniso ezinkudlwana baya kukwazi ukuqhuba nokuhlawula kwiinkonzo zomhlala-phantsi kunye neenkampani ze-inshorensi zabucala.
nerhafu elukhuselo loluntu eya kunceda ngezimali ezinjengezibonelelo zolondolozo olusisiseko lomhlala-phantsi, ukusweleka, ukukhubazeka nokungasebenzi.
UMphathiswa weziMali uya kuphinda ayicacise le miba kwiNtetho yoHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali. Enye into ekufuneka sigxininise kuyo yeyokuba ekugqibezeleni le ndlela intsha yokhuseleko loluntu, urhulumente uya kuqala inkqubo edibanisa konke yokudibana nabasebenzisana nathi kuluntu bengabanye kwanange-NEDLAC.
Kwakhona, sikwaqale ukujonga iindlela zokufikelela kubantwana ababuthathaka abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala eli-14.
nokuqhuba nokusebenzela ukuphelisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezingunobangela wokufa okungaqhelekanga kuluntu lwethu, ngokunjalo nezifo ezibangelwa yindlela yokuziphatha, imalariya, kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zesifo sephepha, iingozi ezindleleni kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho olunobundlobongela.
Kule meko ke, urhulumente uyazibophelela ekuqiniseni iphulo lokulwa nentsholongwane kagawulayo kunye nogawulayo, ngokunjalo nokuphucula indlela enza ngayo zoonke iindlela ezindindeneyo ezifana nokuthintela, ukhathalelo lwasemakhaya lwabantu abanale ntsholongwane kunye nonyango. Siza kuqinisekisa ukuba iindibaniselwano esizakhe apha ekuhambeni kweminyaka, kwanokuba indlela edibeneyo ephuculweyo yelizwe yokulwa nogawulayo kunye nezifo ezosulela ngesondo iyagqityezelwa ngokukhawuleza.
Kulo nyaka siza kugqiba izicwangciso eziphathekayo zokwenza amanyathelo okugqibela eenkqubo zethu zokufikelela kufikelelo lwamanzi lwehlabathi jikelele ngo-2008, ugutyulo ngo-2010 kunye nombane ngo-2012. Siza kuzigqibezela iindlela neenkqubo zethu zokujongana nemicimbi yobumbano loluntu, kuquka indlela yokulwa nobuhlwempu edibeneyo neyindibanisela esele sithethe ngayo, xa sijongana nemiba yobumbano lwesizwe, iindlela zokuziphatha kunye nobuwena bomntu.
Zonke ezi nzame, Mam' uSomlomo noSihlalo, mazisebenzisane nenkqubela ezinzileyo yokuphucula ukhuselo nokhuseleko loluntu. Ngoko ke, urhulumente uya kuqinisekisa ukuba izigqibo ezithathwayo zokuqinisa ukulwa kwethu nolwaphulo-mthetho zenziwa ngemfezeko. Umceli-mngeni esinawo owenza ukuba singawusombululi lo mba awunanto itheni neepolisi.
Endaweni yoko, into efunekayo luququzelelo olusebenzayo, ukubizwa kunye nokukhokelwa konyanzeliso lomthetho lomntu wonke, amagosa obungqondi nolungiso-zimilo, kunye nokusebenza kwendlela yololuleko. Uninzi olukhulu lwaba basebenzi bakarhulumente lubonise amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuba ngokwendlela ekwenzeka ngayo, bazimisele ukubeka ubomi babo esichengeni nokunikela nangelo xeshana lincinane banalo lokuchithwa neentsapho, ngenjongo yokukhusela inkululeko nokhuselo lwethu.
aphucule uhlalutyo lwethu lwamazinga olwaphulo-mthetho okuphucula ukusebenza kwethu ngokubhekiselele ekunqandeni ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ngoko ke, kufuneka sijongane nenyani enzima yokuba, njengokuba kusenzeka kwamanye amazwe, izenzo ezininzi zolwaphulo-mthetho olunobundlobongela olwenziwa ebantwini lwenzeka kwezona ndawo zihlelelekileyo zoluntu lwethu yaye zifuna uncedo oluqinileyo noluzinzileyo loluntu lwethu olujonge kuthintelo lolwaphulo-mthetho.
Njengokuba sele sitshilo, ezi kunye nezinye iindlela ziya kuphumelela kuphela xa sisakha intsebenziswano enyamezelayo malunga nokwenziwayo kwiindawo zoluntu lwethu naphakathi koluntu namapolisa, ukwenza ubomi bube nzima nangakumbi kwizaphuli-mthetho.
Ukuze oku kwenzeke, sikhuthazwa nangakumbi kukuzinikezela okuboniswa ziinkokeli zethu zoshishino nezenkolo ekuqiniseni ezo ntsebenziswano apha emazantsi, ngokunikezela ngexesha nezixhobo zabo ukuqinisa ukulwa kwethu nolwaphulo-mthetho. Urhulumente uza kudlala indawo yakhe ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ezi ntsebenziswano zisebenza nyani, kwanokuba sonke sisebenza kunye ukukhupha uxanduva lokukhusela abemi belizwe lethu.
Mandilitsho litsole elokuba kule meko iSebe lezoKhuselo noKhuseleko kunye neNkonzo yesiPolisa zenza isicwangciso esiya kuphucula nangakumbi ukusebenza nempumelelo yamaQumrhu esiPolisa sasekuHlaleni abaluleke ngendlela emangalisayo.
Ukuphucula nangakumbi iinkonzo zakhe eluntwini, urhulumente kufuneka andise ukukwazi kwakhe ukusebenza ngokwanelisayo.
Ukuphuculwa kolawulo kukwathetha ukubaneenkcukacha eziqokelelweyo ezisebenzayo zeenkcukacha-manani malunga nokutshintsha kweemeko zokuhlala elizweni lethu. Ngoko ke, iintlobo ezimbini zophando ziya kwenziwa ngo-2007. Ukusukela kwiintsuku ezimbini ezidlulileyo abaphandi boluntu abangama-6 000 abasuka kwaStatistics South Africa bathe bhazalala elizweni jikelele beqokelela ulwazi kwimizi engama-280 000 ekhethiweyo ukuba ithathe inxaxheba kuPhando loLuntu, oluya kunikwa urhulumente ngokuchaneke kangangoko njengendlela ebonisa iimeko zabemi kuzo zonke iindawo zeli lizwe.
NgeyeDwarha abanye abantu abangama-30 000 kumakhaya angama-8 000 baya kuchongelwa ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphando lokuqala lwephaneli lwaseMzantsi Afrika, uPhando lokuTshintshatshintsha kweNgeniso yeLizwe (iNational Income Dynamics Study). Aba bantu bangama-30 000 baya kulandelelwa ngokuhamba kwamaxesha, ukwenzela ukukhangela imiba enjengokufuduka kwabantu, ukutshintsha kwemakethi yabasebenzi, ukuzulazula okukhangela amathuba angcono (inter-generational mobility) kunye nokwenziwa kwanokuchithwa kwamakhaya. Ndingathanda ukuthatha eli thuba ndicele bonke abo bachongiweyo ukuba basebenzisane kangangako nezi zenzo zikubaluleka kunje.
Phakathi kweempumelelo ezinkulu zabantu baseAfrika kule minyaka mibini inesiqingatha idlulileyo, ibe kukubuyiselwa koxolo kuMmandla wamaChibi amaKhulu (iiGreat Lakes Region). Sinegugu, njengabemi baseMzantsi Afrika, ngenxaxheba edlalwe ngabantu bethu ekuncediseni ukwenzeka koku - ukususela kubafana neentombi zoMkhosi woKhuselo weLizwe ukuya kubasebenzi bamaziko karhulumente nawabucala, nabathe banikezela ngexesha labo beqinisekisa ukuba iphupha leAfrika lifezekiswa ngokukuko kwiphandle lasePatrice Lumumba.
Siza kuqhuba nokusebenza nabantu belizwe elingummelwane wethu iDRC, ngokunjalo neBurundi, iComoros neSudan ngakumbi ekuqinisekiseni ukuba imeko yoxolo nozinzo osele lufunyenwe luguqulwa ngexesha elinye lube sisenzo esindindeneyo solwakhiwo ngokutsha loqoqosho nophuhliso loluntu.
Noko kunjalo, ngelixa sinelungelo lokubhiyozela iimpumelelo ezenziwe yiAfrika kwimizamo yayo yokufumana uxolo nophuhliso, asinakuyijonga kancinci imiceli-mngeni esijongene nayo xa sisebenza ngeendawo eziseleyo zongquzulwano, ngakumbi kwinkqubo yoxolo jikelele eSudan, kuquka nemeko yaseDarfur, eCÃ´te d'Ivoire naseSomalia.
Urhulumente wethu uya kujongana ngokufanelekileyo kwanangendlela amandla ethu asivumela ngayo, kwisicelo seManyano yeAfrika, sokuba sincede abantu norhulumente waseSomalia. Eyona nto ingundoqo kule nto ziinzame ezisendleleni zokuqinisekisa ukuba abo baphambili eSomalia bayancokola ukuze bafumane isisombululo esiquka umntu wonke nesinako ukwenzeka, ngokubhekiselele kwimfuneko yokufezekisa uxolo lukazwelonke.
Kulo nyaka iQumrhu lokuHlolana kwamaZwe aseAfrika (iAfrican Peer Review Forum) iya kube igqiba uhlolo lwelizwe lethu. Ndingathanda ukuthatha eli thuba ndibulele abameli bethu basepalamente, abaPhathiswa namasebe karhulumente, imibutho yethu yasekuhlaleni kunye noluntu ngokubanzi ngenxaxheba enkulu oluyenzileyo kumsebenzi owawungumceli-mngeni yaye wohlukile kolu lawulo lwesininzi lwethu luselutsha. Siza kuphinda sithathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okwenza inkqubo yomsebenzi efunekayo neya kuvela njengesiphumo senkqubo yokuhlolana kwamazwe.
Ngokucacileyo, siza kuqhubeka nokusebenza kunye nalo lonke eli lizwekazi kunye noogxa bethu bophuhliso ekukhawuleziseni ukwenzeka kweenkqubo zeNEPAD.
Kule nyanga nje idlulileyo, uMzantsi Afrika uqale ukhenketho lomsebenzi wawo njengelungu lethutyana leBhunga loKhuselo kweZizwe ezimaNyeneyo. Ngoko ke singathanda ukuthembisa, egameni labantu boMzantsi Afrika, ukuba siya kwenza konke okuyimfuneko, kuninzi lwamaqumrhu aziwayo asebenza ngokunxuseneyo (most esteemed of multilateral bodies), ukufaka igxalaba kuxolo nokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngenxa yoko ke siza kuqhubeka nokusebenzisana neenkokeli zabantu basePalestina, kwaSirayeli, e-Iraq, e-Iran namanye amazwe oMbindi-Mpuma kunye nePersian Gulf. Siza kuphinda siqhubeke nokuqinisa unxulumano lwethu namanye amazwe kweli lizwekazi lethu, oogxa bethu base-India, eBrazil nasePeople's Republic of China, amanye amazwe asemaZantsi, ngokunjalo nayo neJapan, iYurophu kunye nomNtla Melika.
Enye yeengxaki ezinzima ekufuneka sizijongile kule meko kukubuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza kweengxoxo zeDoha Development Round of WTO. Siyathemba ukuba ukuba izisombululo zengxubakaxaka esinazo ngoku ziya kukwazi ukufumaneka, nokuba yinjongo yexesha elide yamazwe asele ephuhlile nasaphuhliswayo, ngokufanayo, ukuba ezi ngxoxo kufuneka zide zifikelele kwisiphelo esinesiqhamo.
Ukususela kumsebenzi omkhulu ka-2004, siye sabona inkqubela encomekayo ekutshintshweni koMzantsi Afrika ukuba ube ngcono. Akufunekanga sizijongele phantsi, yaye nathi asizijongeli phantsi iinzima ezininzi esisamana ukuhlangana nazo.
Kodwa umyalezo ogqithiswa ngamava aqokeleleneyo esinawo ngowokuba, xa sisebenza sonke singakwazi yaye siza kuphumelela ekufezekiseni injongo yethu efanayo esazibekela yona njengesizwe - ukwakha ubomi obungcono bomntu wonke, kwilizwe elingasenayo yaye lingasamelanga oko kungcolileyo nokungafunekiyo eluntwini.
Kufuneka namhlanje, sithethe sisonke ngenkululeko, sinokuzithemba okungakumbi. Kufuneka sizimisele ukusebenza sisonke ngenjongo yokufumana "ulonwabo olufunyanwa ngamadoda noomama xa behlala elizweni elikhululekileyo".
Asikafiki ncam ke apho. Kodwa akukho mntu wumbi, ngaphandle kwethu, oya kuqinisekisa ukuba eli phupha liyafezekiswa. Ngoko ke, masiwubhinqe ube mfutshane sisebenze, siqonda ngokupheleleyo ukuba umsebenzi wokwakha uMzantsi Afrika esiwulangazelelayo luxanduva lwethu sonke.
<fn>StateoftheNation.2008.2009-04. Xh.txt</fn>
Ndivumeleni kulomcimbi ongamphambi kokugqibela koKuhlala Ndawonye kwePalamente yesithathu kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yonyaka ngobume besizwe sethu, ukunqwenelela wonke Amalungu Abekekileyo ePalamente uNyaka oMtsha wovuyo nemveliso.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba u2008 uzakuba ngomnye unyaka ongasoze ulityalwe kwidemokrasi yethu, njengokuba sonke sisebenza kunye siqaphela umbilini wolangazelelo wabantu bethu ukufikelela impilo ebhetele kubo bonke. Nditsho oku ngoba, ngokuqekelela kwethu, akuqhelekanga ukuba isizwe sibizelwe ekupheleleni komsipha ngamnye womzimba waso opheleleyo ukufikelela iphupho. Kwaye lonto ngumyalelo ongunyazisiweyo othe imbali ithe yawunyakathisa kuthi Namhlanje.
Ndithetha apha Namhlanje, Nkosikazi eSisithethi, phambi kuka mama wam, uEpainette Mbeki, uMaMofokeng, ozokucacisa umyalezo ocacileyo ovela kwizihlwele zasezilalini eTranskei, apho athe waphila khona iminyaka engamashumi amaninzi. Uthi ezizihlwele ziyasinyanzelisa thina sonke abazibiza ngokuba zinkokheli zabo, ukuba sizixelele nabanye abafana nabo abakwezinye indawo kwilizwe lethu, ukuba ingaba siyazimisela kwizifungo esazenzayo ukuba ingomso lizawuba bhetele kunanamhlanje. Kwiintsuku ezisibhozo ezilandelayo, nge-16 Februwari, uzawube eneminyaka engamashumi alithoba nambini- 92 ubudala. Into ayilindeleyo njengebhaso lakhe lemini yokuzalwa yinyaniso. Ndiyambulela ngokuzidela ukuze abe nathi namhlanje, kwaye ndinethemba ukuba asinakumdanisa.
Ndithanda ukuphinda ndithabathe elithuba ukukhahlela uMongameli Nelson Mandela, omnye wotata ababalaseleyo abasungulayo idemokrasi yethu, ozawuthi afikelele iminyaka enga-90 ezelwe ngomhla wa-18 Julayi kulonyaka.
Samkela kulomcimbi uMhle. Arthur Margeman, omele amagqala omzabalazo webhasi yase Alexandra kwiminyaka engamshumi amahlanu egqithileyo, athe aquka noNelson Mandela. Sikwanethamsanqa ukuba phakathi kwethu kube khona uNkosaz. Jann Turner, oyintombi ka Rick Turner lowo wabulawayo ngamaziko ocalucalulo kwiminyaka engama-30 egqithileyo.
Sikwanovuyo ukuba phakathi kwethu kukho uMhle. Dinilesizwe Sobukwe, unyana womntu obalaseleyo ngokuthanda uhlanga noyinkokheli, uRobert Sobukwe, naye oye wasweleka kwiminyaka engama-30 egqithileyo emveni kokunyamezela iminyaka emininzi eseluvalelweni, nokunikwa umphuma'phele kunye nezinye iindlela zocindezelo. Sazisa, nabanye phakathi kwaMalungu aBekekileyo kunye neendwendwe zethu, abaqali abaninzi be-United Democratic Front, kwiminyaka engama-25 egqithileyo.
Zonke ezindwendwe zibekekileyo, ezimele inkumbulo kunye nethemba, zisikhumbuza ngubukho bazo ukuba okwethu ngumsebenzi kukhuphiswano lokubaleka ugqatso lothathelwano eliqhubeka ngokuzalwa ngokutsha ukuze iphupho lempilo ebhetele kubo bonke lifezakale kubemi bonke boMzantsi Afrika. Ngenene, bamele umbhiyozo womoya ongenakoyiswa wabantu bethu, nokuphosa uxanduva kuthi sonke ukuziphatha ngeendlela ezingena kungcatsha okanye zidanise iinjongo zabantu.
Sesizawuqalisa unyaka ogcweleyo nowokugqibela wemali ngoku nowesithathu kwipalamente yedemokrasi norhulumente kamsinyane emveni koko siphinde sibambe kamsinyane uNyulo leSizwe sethu. uRhulumente uphinde wahlolisisa ibanga esele silihambile malunga nokufezekisa umyalelo osawunikwa ngabantu ngo-2004.
Ndonwabile ukuba ndithi senze lukhulu ukufezekisa izibophelelo esizenzileyo ebantwini ngo-2004. Nokuba kunjalo, kungalindelekanga, kuyabonakala ukuba sisenomsebenzi osashekileyo okumele siwenze kwelinqaku.
Njengokuba sisondele ekupheleni kwexesha lomyalelo wethu, uRhulumente uthathe isigqibo sokwazisa uluhlu leeNcam eZiphambili apho azawuthi akhangele kulo ngokukhethekileyo, ukusebenzisa ezi zinto njenge ndlela ekhawulezayo ephambili ukukhawulezisa inkqubela phambili ngokujongene nokuphumelela iinjongo esiziyalelwe ngabantu ukuba sizilandele.
Ngoovuyo, leNtetho yoBume beSizwe indinike ithuba lokunika ingxelo iPalamente kunye neSizwe kwiiNcam zethu eziPhambili ezinga-24 ezo, aMalungu aBekekileyo angazifumana kwiwebsayithi kaRhulumente phakathi kweveki ezayo.
Ukwaziswa kweeNcam eziPhambili kuchaza ukuba wonke amacandelo amathathu karhulumente, isizwe, amaphondo nasekhaya, kumanqanaba okuphatha okuphezulu balawuli, enza isifungo esiqatha ukuba sizakusebenzisa ithuba elifutshane elingaphambi kwethu ukuqhubeka ngokongeza Amandla okubheka phambili ekujongeni eyona njongo ebaluleke-ngokuphelelyo yempilo ebhetele ebantwini bethu bonke.
Indlela yethu epheleleyo yokuphatha yenza isibophelelo sokuba kwixesha eliphambi kwethu, izakwenza okusemandleni ukumelana nokubalulekileyo kakhulu - Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga! Sithetha ngoKwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga hayi ngokuchaza iinguqu kwimigaqo-nkqubo yethu esele imiselelwe kodwa malunga nokukhawulezisa, ukufezekisa okusebenzayo nokunefuthe kulemigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo, ukuze impilo zabantu bethu siguqukele ukubeni bhetele, ngokukhawuleza kuna kade.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba oku kuyenzeka, sithathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uQingqo-mali loNyaka, uMphathiswa wezeMali uzawunika ingxelo ekupheleni kwalenyanga esenza ulwabiwo olufanelekileyo ukusinika iindlela zokufezekisa iiNcam eziPhambili.
ukuhlaziya iinjongo yethu kwindawo ezibalulekileyo malunga ngendlela yethu yobudlelwane bezizwe, kakhulu sikhangele eminye imiba yeAfrika kunye nobudlelwane base Mzantsi-Zantsi.
Ngaphezulu kwelinye ixesha, isimo esijongene nesizwe sethu nelizwe, kunye nemisebenzi esizibekele yona, ifuna ukuba sikhuthaze nokulungiselela abantu bethu bonke ukuba basebenze kunye, ukwenza zonke izinto ezimelwe ukwenziwa, beqonda ukuba ngokwenyaniso, sonke, kunye, siphethe ikusasa lethu ezandleni zethu!
Xa sisebenza kunye kwindawo zonke kwilizwe lethu, oku simele ukuqonda ukuba into esimele ukuba yiyo yile - Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga!
Xa bendilungiselela leNtetho, omnye phakathi kwethu uye wandicebisa ukuba ilizwe lethu liye lahlaselwa yimimoya-yeyantlukwano ebhudla ngamandla eyenze ukuba kube nzima kakhulu ukubonela phambili ukuba ilizwe lethu lizakuba phi ngomso.
Uye wacebisa ukuba, ukuthimba into ayibiza ngokuba bubuntu obujongene nathi kulentseni, ndiyanyanzeleka ukukhumbula amagama adumileyo lawo uCharles Dickens avule ngawo inoveli yakhe, A tale of Two Cities.
"Yayi ngamaxhesha aphambili, yayi ngamaxesha anzima, yayingunyaka wobulumko, yayi ngunyaka wobuyatha, yayilixesha elithile elizibalula ngeziganeko kwinkolelo, yayilixesha elithile elizibalula ngeziganeko zokungakholwa, yayilixesha lokuKhanya, yayilixesha loBumnyama, yayintlakohlaza yethemba, yayibubusika bokuswela ithemba, sasinento yonke phambi kwethu, sasingena nto phambi kwethu, sasisiya ngqo sonke eZulwini, sasisiya sonke ngqo kwenye indlela - ngokufutshane, ixesha lalikude njengelixesha langoku, zade ezinye ezisemagunyeni ezinengxolo zanyanzelisa ukuba mazamkelwe, ebuhleni okanye ebubini, kwinqanaba eligqithileyo lokufanekisa kuphela."
Uzakubuza ukuba ingaba ndivumelana nesisicatshulwa, nokuba nam ndiyakholelwa ukuba singene kwixesha lesiphithiphithi, apho thina sonke singeke sikwazi kodwa silahlekelwe yindlela yethu, singaqinisekanga ngamanyathelo ethu, iinyawo zethu zingazinzanga, sinovalo ngengomso!
Impendulo yam kulombuzo ngokuqinisekileyo ngu-Hayi! Njengo Rhulumente wonke ndiqinisekile ukuba iziseko ezibonelele ngolwazi ilizwe lethu kwilizwe lethu ngoqhanqalazo kwiminyaka eli- 14 egqithileyo zihlala zisendaweni. Ziyaqhubeka ukusibonelela ngesisekelo esinamandla ekumele siqhubeke kuso xa sigcine amehlo ethu ekhangele kwimizamo eqhubekayo yenjongo yempilo ebhetele ebantwini bethu bonke. Ngoko simele ukuba siphinde siqinisekise ukuba sihlala sisemsebenzini xa sisoloko siqhubeka ukwenza esethu isizwe esiphumelelayo.
Ngoko ke, njengaMalungu wonke aBekekileyo, ndiyazi ukuba uninzi phakathi kwesizwe sethu lukhathazekile ngokuba ilizwe lethu lizakuba phi ngomso.
Baxhalabile ngoncedo olukhawulezayo kwisizwe sonke apho isizwe siye salahlekwa kukuphazamiseka okungalindelekanga kwizibonelelo zombane.
Baxhalabile ngophuhliso oluthile phakathi kwezoqoqosho, kakhulu ukonyuka kwamaxabisa emali-nzala okwenzeka rhoqo, ukutya namafutha ezithuthi nto leyo ihluphekisayo kakhulu kumahlwempu. Abanye phakathi kwezi baxhalabile ngegalelo elingenzeka kwezoqoqosho lethu kunye nokoyikiswa luqoqosho olusathe xha eMelika.
Bakhathazekile ukuba ingaba sinawo Amandla okukhusela amalungelo edemokrasi kunye nomgaqo-siseko wedemokrasi ozelwe emveni kokuzinikela okukhulu. Lento iqhutywe yilemicemngeni efana nokutshutshuswa koMkomishoni weSizwe waMapolisa, ukumiswa okwethutyana koMphathi weSizwe wezoTshutshiso zoLunto, ukoyika ngokoyikiswa kokuzimela kwamajaji elizwe nokuphatha komthetho, kumye nezityholo ezisetafileni ngokusebenzisa Amandla karhulumente ngokungekho emthethweni ukufezekisa iinjongo zopolotiko.
Bakhathazekile ngokuba Mhlawumbi ilizwe lethu liye loyikiswa ngesenzo esenzeke ngokwemisebenzi yobundlobongela yokutshisa oololiwe abasetyenziswa luluntu abathandathu eTshwane kwinyanga egqithileyo.
Nokuba besazi ubukho beqela elibusayo nokulihlonipha ukuba lilawule iindaba zalo, baxhalabile ukuba limele ukuqhubeka ukudlala indima yalo njengelinye labazobi abaphambili bedemokrasi, bengacaluli ngokwebala, ngokwesini kuMzantsi Afrika ophuhlayo.
Ngokungafihlisiyo kungaba kungabi nankathalo ukubethisa ngoyaba ezizinto kunye namanye amaxhala okanye siwachithe njengengxelo ende echitha ixesha okanye izikhalazo ngokufanayo nabaprofeti basentsomini. Umcelimngeni ophambili kukuba siziphendule ngokwendlela esa umyalezo ongowabo kuluntu lonke elizweni lethu nakwizigidi zezigidi eAfrika nakwezinye indawo kwihlabathi ezijongene elizwe lethu ngomdla omkhulu, ukuze sihlale singashukumi kwisisombululo sethu ukuqhubeka sakhe uMzantsi Afrika onike ithemba hayi ebantwini bethu bodwa, kodwa kwabaninzi abangaphandle kwimida yethu.
Mandikhe ndenze ngesibindi ukuthi elixesha lembali lifuna ukuba isizwe sethu simanyane nokugqithisileyo ngaphambile ukusebenzisa wonke umsipha osemzimbeni wawo odibeneyo ukujongana nemicelimngeni yethu efanayo nokugcina iphupho elisigcinileyo sonke xeshikweni besihamba endleleni engenazimpawu ekwakheni uMzantsi Afrika obanakalaliswe kumgaqo-nkqubo wethu.
Ukufuneka koncedo olukhawulezileyo okuziswe kukuwa kwamandla ombane kusifakela umncelimngeni futhi nokubonelela ngethuba kwisizwe sethu ngobubanzi ukusabela ubizo ukuba sonke sibambane ekulweni nokusebenza ngomanyano ukuba sigvine ilizwe lethu lisebenza. Lento imele ukuchaza ukuba sonke sikwilixa loxanduva, kodwa xanduva olo lingafikeleleka. Kwaye ngqo lithuba lomcelimngeni, kwaye likwalixesha lamathuba!
Kulomba, ndiyathanda ukuvakalisa umbulelo nokuvumelana ngokuphelelyo nentetho eyenzwe Ligosa eliyintloko le Anglo American, uCynthia Caroll, xa ebethetha kwimbizo yezemigodi apha eKapa ebutsheni baleveki, ngoLwesibini, Februwari 5.
Njengokuba aMalungu aBekekileyo esazi, uyewathi: Andiyithathi ingxaki yalapha yamandla ombane njengentlekelele. Kwaye uMzantsi Afrika awuwodwa: kukho uxinzelelo lokubonelela ngombane malunga nokwandiswa kweprojekthi zethu eChile naseBrazil.
"Ngokuqinisekileyo, iingxaki apha zinkulu; ukuzoyisa kuzawudingeka ubuchule, kakhulu ekuboneleleni nasekugcineni umbane, kwakunye nokwakhiwa kwamanye amaziko abonelela ngamandla ombane. Kodwa xa singathi sonke sense ubambiswano oluliqilima ukuhlangabezana nalengxaki, sizaku phumelela - Ndiyathemba kakhulu ngokungenzekelanga Eli asilo xesha lokukhombana ngeminwe, kodwa lokusebenza kunye ukufumana izisombululo."
Oku sele kuchaziwe, kukwabalulekile ukuba sithathe elithuba sigqithile ilizwi lokuxolisa elizweni elivela kurhulumente noEskom kumba wesiqhube esizweni onomphumela wokuba sizifumane sijongene neziphumo ndyikitya-yomthwalo. Ndikwakubulela bonke abahlali ngokomelela nonyameko phambi kobuso bobubunzima bukhoyo.
Kwiveki ezimbini ezigqithileyo, Abaphathiswa beZimbiwa naMandla kunye Namashishini oLuntu baye bachaza intlobo yokuxakeka esijongene nayo nokuthi nabani na phakathi kwethu angenzani ukubuyisela isimo endaweni. Kwiveki ephelileyo aMalungu aBekekileyo aye anethuba okushukuxa lemicimbi.
Enyanisweni ukonyuka kwemfuno zombane eminyakeni emibini egqithileyo kuye kwangaphezulu amandla amatsha asinawo ngoku. Ukubonelela okuvelayo okunzima kwenza yonke lendlela ukuba ibe nkenene nakweyiphi na imeko echaphazela umbane okhoyo. Kwesisimo, simele ukunqamla ukuqhawuka kombane okungalindelekanga kwaye indlela esingenza oku ngayo ngokukhawuleza kukwehlisa iimfuno siqinisekise umlinganiselo obhetele ogciniweyo.
Njengorhulumente umsebenzi wethu kukuba ngoku sikhokele nokumanyanisa ilizwe emva kwempembelelo yokubaluleka kwamandla nto ezakunceda kulomcelimngeni. Phakathi kwezinye, simelwe ukusebenzisa obububi ukuqinisekisa ukuba amakhaya noqoqosho zisebenzisa kakuhle amandla.
Kukho amanyathelo azinzileyo umntu ngamnye, indlu kunye neshishini angawathatha. Aqaliswe liSebe leZimbiwa naMandla kwaye sihleli sivulele nayiphi na ingcebiso engathi nina, abakhaya bethu, ningasinika yona nokuba siyahlulahlule phakathi kwethu.
uRhulumente uzakuqalisa ukufezekisa impembelelo ukuqinisekisa ukukhanyisa okwaneleyo, ukufudumeza amanzi ngokusebenzisa amandla avela kwilanga nokulawula igiza ezindlini, kuquke nemigangatho yezindlu kwizindlu ezintsha kunye nezakhiwo ezintsha. Sicela izindlu ezingakwazi ukuqalisa kamsinyane ukucinga ngokufaka lemilinganiselo egcina amandla.
Umyalelo sele ukhutshiwe kwizakhiwo zonke zikarhulumente ukwehlisa intsebenziso yabo yombane kwaye ndiyacela zive ukhululekile ukuxela nokuhlaza abobanga kwenziyo.
Iinkcukacha zamanyathelo amanye okuzivolontiya nomyalelo kwiNkqubo yokuGcina Amandla sele zikhutshiwe Ngabaphathiswa kwaye zizakuhlaziywa emveni kokubonisana nabanikazi abahlukeneyo emveni koko zishicilelwe.
Kwi cala lokubonelela uEskom usebenza ngamandla ukuqinisekisa ukungenisa iiprojekthi zokusebenzisana noomatshini ngenxa yokuba kuxakekiwe. Sikwa thatha amanyathelo ukuphucula amandla okulungisa kaEskom. Sinamaqela asebenzayo ngexesha likaxakeka ajongene nomcelimngeni wobulunga bamalahle kunye nokubonelela ngamalahle okuvela emigodini yamalahle kwaye sisebenza nzima ukukhawulezisa ukwamkelwa kokwakhiwa kweprojekthi zogesi. Wonke lamanyathelo, ethatyathwe kunye nemilinganiselo yokonga umbane, kuwukhulisa ukuqiniseka nokonyusa imilinganiselo enguvimba.
Inkqubo enkulu yokwakha kaEskom kulemihla, ukugqithisela nokwabiwa kwamandla kuzakuqhubeka; kwaye apho kufikeleleka khona, ezinye iprojekthi zizakukhawuleziswa. Kulombandela, ndithanda ukubulela icandelo langasese elizimisele ukunceda nangayiphi na indlela abangathi benze ngayo. Entlanganisweni noSihlalo woMbane kaWonke-wonke phakathi kweveki ephelileyo, uMbane ka-Wonke-wonke unikele, ngokunceda ngokusithengela oomatshini abanqabileyo be-injini yomsinga. eMzantsi Afrika iinkampani zethu ezinkulu njenge Sasol, iAnglo kunye neBHP Billiton sibambe ingxoxo eziliqilima namaSebe weZimbiwa naMandla kunye Namashishini oLuntu ukufumanisisa izisombululo ezingabiziyo amaxabiso aphezulu ezingagcinwa nokubonelela ngombane rhoqo. Le ndlela yeyenyathelo elifanayo kunokugxeka.
Ndithanda ukubulela amashishini emigodi ngokukhethekileyo ngendlela abasincede ngayo kunye nezoqoqosho ukusombulula eyona ngxaki eyeyasibetha ngomhla wa-24 Januwari. Sizawusebenza sonke ukwehlisa igalelo elibi ezisehlakalo zinalo kwelishishini.
Inzame yethu sonke nokucela uncedo sisazulu sethu ekuziphenduleleni kulengxaki. Amaqela asebenzayo ayasebenza kwindawo ezininzi. Kwiveki elandelayo Inkulumbuso Zamaphondo zizakuqalisa intlanganiso yazo kunye noSodolophu ukuyila nokufezekisa imilinganiselo yokonga amandla kooMasipala bonke elizweni ngobubanzi. Bazakuxhaswa ngamaqela enzululwazi avela kwi-EDI Holdings, iEskom kunye neAgente yeSizwe yaMandla Alingeneyo. iSebe laMaphondo noRhulumente basKhaya lizakulawula lomcimbi ngokuxhaswa ngamasebe abambiseneyo, Isebe leZimbiwa naMandla kunye Namashishini oLuntu.
Ndizawubiza umhlangano waMaqela aSebenza ngokubambisa noBongameli ukulawula amanyathelo ethu onke kwaye kafutshane sizawukwazisa iqela le-'Energy Champions' elizakwenziwa ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika abaphambili nabanolwazi abazawuthi bancede urhulumente ngempembelelo yokonga amandla alingeneyo nokwazisa abatyali-zimali kunye nabahlali ngesona simo nokuthi banganceda kanjani ukusombulula lemicelimngeni sinayo.
uMphathiswa weZimali uzakunikela ngolwazi olubanzi kwingxelo yakhe yoQingqo-mali ngenkxaso urhulumente azakunceda ngayo kwimpembelelo yokulingana kwamandla nakwiEskom kwinkqubo yakhe yokwakha.
Sijongene nengxaki engxamisekileyo kodwa singoyisa lengxaki kwixesha elifutshane. Esisimo sixhokonxe ukuqonda okungena kunqandwa ukuba ilixa lombane wexabiso eliphantsi nomninzi lifike esiphelweni. Naxa kunjalo xa ukhangela ukufakwa kwamndla oomatshini bethu, phakathi kwexesha elide eyethu izakusala iyeyona isekhoyo phakathi kwezoqoqosho emazweni ambalwa enombane ofikelelekayo.
Siloqoqosho olwenziwa bubutyebi bezimbiwa. Simelwe ukuba siqhubeke sixhase ishishini lemigodi. Akunakuphikiswa ukuba xa siqhubeka kwindlela yethu yokukhula njengelizwe lemveliso, kuzawumele siqhubeke sixhase ishishini elihambisayo. Ngoku njalo kunyanzelekile ukuba wonke amashishini abenamandla awaneleyo. Ngenene amandla aneleyo ngokwawo abonelela ngamathuba ezoqoqosho.
Ngoko ke masisebenziseni lengxaki ikhawulezayo ukubeka izitena zokuqala zokwakha zamandla aneleyo alungele ingomso isengeke siyibethise ngoyaba. Masiqinisekise ukuba zonke izandla zisemngangathweni ukusombulula esisiphithiphithi esijongene naso, sikhuthazwa yindlela yethu ukuba izimo zethu zisibizela Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga.
Le ikwayindlela enye ekumele siyisebenzise xa siqhubeka ngamalungiselelo okusingatha Indebe yeNtlanganisela yeFIFA ngo 2009 kunye neNdebe yeHlabathi yeFIFA ka-2010 leyo izakuqaliswa ukudlalwa ezintsukwini ezinga-854 ukususela namhlanje. Ndikwachaza lombandela obaluleke kangaka apha ngokuba lemicelimngeni sijongene nayo ikhokhelele kwimibuzo kwezinye indawo ehlabathini ukuba ingaba na sizawukwazi ukusingatha ezitumente ngempumelelo kusini na.
Ngenene, andinantandabuzo ukuba sizakuhlonela isifungo sethu kwiFIFA kunye naseluntwini lehlabathi labadlali bebhola ekhatywayo kunye nabathandi bayo ukudala zonke izimo ezidingekayo ukuze sisingathe eyona tumente ibalaseleyo kwiNdebe yeBhola yeHlabathi yeFIFA.
Into esiyifumana isinika ingqondo, ukucanda wonke amacandelo oluntu lwase Mzantsi Afrika kunye nabakunde ngaphandle, bemelwe yinkqubela yemihla ngemihla esiyenzayo malunga namalungiselelo ethu jikelele, yenye ye - Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga: zonke izandla emngangathweni ngokujongene ne-2010! Kwaye simelwe kukuqiniseka ukuba siyayigcina lendlela.
Siyazi ukuba elona nqaku libalulekileyo kumalungiselelo ethu kukwakha elona qela luliqilima loMzantsi Afrika elizawukwenza thina kunye nesigqeba sonke se bhola ekhatywayo sichwayite. Ndiqinisekile ukuba Umbutho weBhola waseMzantsi Afrika, abaqeqeshi bethu bekhokhelwa ngu Carlos Alberto Parreira, kunye nabadlali ngokwabo bayabazi ubunzima benxanduva ababuthweleyo ukulungiselela iqela esizawuthi thina ne Afrika siqhayise ngalo.
Siyaphinda ukubongoza iSpringboks ngokusibonisa indlela xa bebephumela iNdebe yeHlabathi yoMbhoxo kunyaka ophelileyo. Lento imele ukukhuthaza aBafana Bafana, njengokuba kumele ikhuthaze imbaleki zethu ezizawube zikhuphisana kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki eBeijing xa siya ekupheleni kwalonyaka.
Mandibuyele kwiiNcam eziPhambili besele ndizichazile.
Ukuqubeka ngokukhawulezisa uqoqosho lwethu nophuhliso sizawufezekisa uYilo lweNkqubo yokusebenza kwaMashishini. uRhulumente uzakuqhubeka ngenkqubo zethu zokwenza amashishini azimele nokuqhubeka sidale amathuba wokukhula nokudala-ingqesho. Kulombandela, iR2,3 billiyone sele ifakiwe kwinqingqo-mali ukulungisela inkqubo yokuqalisa amashishini kwaye R5 biliyone eyongeziweyo kumncono werhafu ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu izakuxhasa inkqubo yamashishini.
Ukusebenza kunye namashishini nabasebenzi, sisawukwenza kamsinyane, uyilo olubalulekileyo oluphambili kumacandelo apho oluyilo lingekhoyo khona, njengase migodini kunye namancedo ezimbiwa, kwizinto zabathengi, sithegise ngenjongo yokukhulisa inkxaso kumashishini amancinci, ukwakha, amashishini engqondo, ezolimo nenkqubela zemfuyo.
Ndiyathanda ukuba ndiphinde ndicindezele ukuba sihlala sizimisele ukuxhsa icandelo elishishina ngezithuthi kwaye sizawuqinisekisa ukuba inkxaso enikwa elicandlo ngokusebenzisa iNkqubo ePhuhliso Ishishini leZithuthi ihlala igciniwe.
Kwizinga loqoqosho elikhulu, sizakuqhubeka ukugcina isithombe sethu semali esixhasa ukukhula okuya phambili kwezoqoqosho kunye nophuhliso nokuphungula ubuzaza bethu bangaphandle.
Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokwakha amaziko sizakugqibezela uphuhliso loyilo lwamaziko adibeneyo, ngokucindezela okukhethekileyo kwamandla alingeneyo. Oku kuquke ukulawula iinkqubo zaMashishini kaRhulumente nokuveza wonke amaziko akhoyo, kuquke intlawulelo yothutho nolunye ulungiselelo lothutho, imibhobho yamandla, ulwazi nobuxhakaxhaka benzululwazi, izixhobo zendlela, amanzi nombane, zonke ngaxeshanye malunga nendawo zazo.
Ukucanda phakathi kwalamacebo, ngoko ke into ephambili ebalulekileyo lulwazi nobuxhakaxha bothungelwano bukwangumlawuli kunye necandelo kumalungelo alo. Ngoku njalo, sizawuthi kulonyaka sigqibe ukukhupha ilayisensi nokusetyenziswa kwe"Infraco". Ndithetha nje, imali sele yabelwe iSentech ukuba yivenkile yeintanethi engasebenzisi zintambo nokuhlawulela lenguqu yayo (digitisation). Ukusebenzisa nabanye oorhulumente kwilizwekazi kunye namacandelo angasese, sizakugqiba inkqubo yokufaka ngokusesikweni iintambo zangaphantsi kolwandle.
Ngaxeshanye, siceba ukubonelela ngosasazo olungasebenzise intambo zesiqhelo kwi- 50% yenani labemi ekupheleni konyaka. Okunamatheliswe koku izakuba luyilo lwemveliso ekuphuhliseni eMzantsi Afrika wewBhokisi zeSethi ePhezulu, ekulindeleke ukuba igqitywe phakathi enyakeni.
Sele ndiphawule ukucothoza oko urhulumente esenza izicelo zokugcina ubutyebi mayelana nemicimbi efana nembuyekezo yemihlaba, amaziko akhoyo kunye nefuthe lokuvavanya indawo apho ezi zingakwenza ekuhambeni kwexesha okanye yahlukanise izigqibo zabatyali-zimali, sense isigqibo, ngomoya wokwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga, umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ngokukhawuleza ukuseka isazulu sonxibelelwano apho abatyali-zimali abaphambili kunye norhulumente bangakwazi ukulandelela nokufumana ezinkqubo. Umsebenzi sele uqalisile.
Icandelo likarhulumente kwiNcam Eziphambili izakuba yinjongo ekhangele imicimbi yokuphuhlisa izakhono. Umsebenzi wokukhangela kwakhona uYilo leSizwe loPhuhliso boButyebi boLuntu uzakugqitywa kulonyaka, kwaye neprojekthi ezo iqela elimanyeneyo likarhulumente, ezemisebenzi, amashishini kunye namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo alungelelaniswe ngaphantsi kwe-Joint Initiative on Priority Skills Acquisition (JIPSA) azawukwenzwa luqilima.
Ngenene, sikhuthazwe kakhulu yimpendulo entle evela kwicandelo langasese njengokuba besele libonakalisiwe phakathi kwezibophelelo ze-CEO ezinga-70 zenkampani ezibhalise kwi-Johannesburg Securities Exchange ukusebenza norhulumente ekusombululeni umcelimngeni wokunqongophala kwezakhono.
Ukugcwalisa kulomsebenzi sizawuthi kwilixa elizayo sisebenze kuqala izinto eziphambili ngokungenelela kwikholeji ze-FET, iiSETA, ukubonelela izikolo ngezixhobo eziphakathi kwemilinganiselo esezantsi emithathu, sibakhulule kwixanduva lokubizwa imirhumo, nokukhawulezisa uqeqesho-lwasemsebenzini kwimfundimani ezinezidanga.
Ukuqhubeka, emveni kokulungisa ubuthathaka kwinkqubo yethu yeMfudo eSisiseko yaBadala, osibubone kunyaka ophelileyo, sizakungenisa ngokusesikweni i-Kha Ri Gude (masifunde) impembelelo esizweni emalunga nokwazi kufunda nokubhala. Oku kuzakuquka uqeqesho lwabaqeqeshi abaphambili abazakubonelela ngeklasi esisezantsi zokubhala nokufunda ebantwini abadala nolutsha abalinganiselwa kwi 300 000 ngo-2008.
Esazulwini senkqubo yoqoqosho lwethu yi, kwaye ifuneka ibe khona ngamaxesha wonke, ingcinga yokuba ingaba impumelelo yayo inceda ekuphuhliseni ubulunga bempilo yabemi bonke boMzantsi Afrika, isebenza njengesikhali esibalulekileyo kwiMfazwe yethu Ebuhlwempini nokukhawulezisa ukusebenza kwethu malunga okugcina iinjongo ezinjalo njengelinge lokwehlisa intswela-ngqesho nokuqhubeka sikhulisa injongo yempilo yabo bonke.
Kwinkqubo yokubonelela ngendawo ezisempilweni zokuhlala uluntu, siyakwazi ngoku ukubonelela ngamagumbi ezindlu angama-260 000 ngonyaka, kwaye isivumelano sele sifikelelelwe kunye neSALGA ukubeka ugunyaziso lomiselo lentlawulo yamatyala ekuthengisweni umhlaba ongahle ufumaneke ukuze inkqubo yezindlu iqhubeke.
Kunye nenkqubela siyangenelela kumaxesha ahlukeneyo ajongene nokwehliswa kobuhlwempu, siyaqhubeka ukuphucula indawana ezininzi ezinobuthathaka, okuquke ukwabiwa koMthetho oPhethe Ukusetyenziswa Komhlaba, nokugqityezelwa kwamatyala embuyekezo umhlaba, inkqubo zokuxhasa abo bazifumanela umhlaba, kunye nophuhliso nokufezekisa kwenkqubo ezimeleyo yokuphuhlisa iilali.
Le yeminye imicimbi esithi sijongane nayo ngokukhethekileyo phakathi konyaka, nokuqinisekisa ukuba sifikelela iinjongo esizibekele zona.
Kwaye enye iNcam ePhambili ebalulekileyo kukuchaza kabanzi icebo elibanzi neliphangaleleyo lokulwa nobuhlwempu elithetha ngokukhethekileyo kumacandelo enani loluntu lichaphazeleke kulo kakhulu sesisibetho. Oku kuquke abantwana, amakhosikazi, ulutsha, abantu abahlala ezilalini kunye nasezilokishini, abantu abanobulwelwe okanye izifo ezingapheliyo nobudala.
Phakathi kwezisombululo eziphambili kukho: ukwandiswa kwenkqubo yemisebenzi yoluntu, inkxaso yengqesho ukudala-emisebenzi ngqo phakathi kwamaqela akujongenwe nawo, ukuphuculwa kwesakhono sokufuna imisebenzi, ukuphuculwa kwemfundo noqeqesho, ukuphuculwa kweenkonzo kunye neempahla ekhoyo phakathi koluntu oluhluphekayo, ukungenelela phakathi kwamakhaya ahluphekayo, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamaziko axhasa amakhosikazi namanye amacandelo. Phakathi kwezinye, sizawukwenza izincomo boomatshini besini ukuze sikhulise amacandelo onke okunika amandla ebantwini abangamakhosikazi.
Okuhamba ecaleni kwelinyathelo yiprojekthi ekhekileyo yokuvavanya ungenelelo oludingekayo ukujongana neeeko ezinkenene zabantwana abangaphezulu kweminyaka eli- 14 ubudala.
Kodwa sizawuvumelana sonke ukuba uluntu lwethu kunye namahlwempu kakhulu, abasayi kulindela amacebo neempikiswano kunye neendawo zoqeqesho - naxa oku kubalulekile. Nokuba kunjalo, ungenelelo oluninzi olufikelelwayo zizinto urhulumente esele ezenza naxa zingaphelelanga. Ngokunjali, ngomoya wokwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga, urhulumente uzimisele kulonyaka ukomeleza ukulwa ukuze kuveliswe izindlu esithile zabantu ngabanye abo basweleyo ngamandla ukuze kusetyenziswe olungenelelo oluzakunceda, phakathi kwesithuba sokungenelela, ukuphucula izidingo zabo kwezozindlu nganye.
Phakathi koku, sizawudinga Igumbi leSizwe leMfazwe leMfazwe Ngokuchasene noBuhlwempu ukuqoqa amasebe wonke afana neSebe lezeNtlalo, uRhulumente waMaphondo naseKhaya, uRhwebo naashishini, Ezolimo neMicimbi yeMhlaba, Imisebenzi yoLuntu kunye neMpilo kunye nolawulo lwamaphondo nasekhaya, ezakusebenza kunye neNGOs kunye noxanduva lokuvelisa ungenelelo oludingekayo phakathi kwezindlu esithile nokuzise benzisa ngokukhawuleza.
Kulonyaka sizawujongana nezinye izinto eziphambili ezona zibalulekileyo kulemfazwe yelizwe yokulwa imfazwe ngokuchasene nobuhlwempu, ukulwela ukufakwa kwemizamo yezentlalo kunye noqoqosho.
ukwandisa inkqubo yeNkonzo zoLutsha leSizwe okuquke nokonyuka kwezidanga zabo baye bathathwa kwinkqubo yoPhuhliso boBuchule beMfazwe be-South African National Defence Force ukusuka kwinani langoku lama- 4 000 ukuyoma kumawaka ali-10 000.
ukuqinisa iNkqubo eYandisiweyo yeNkozo zoLuntu leyo, ngokukhawulezisa iinjongo ezibekiweyo, iye yabonisa isakhono sokuqesha abantu abatsha abaninzi: lento iquke ukuthathwa kolutsha kwinkqubo yokuhlaziya amamziko akhoyo oluntu, ngokuphindeneyo kwinani labantwana ababhalisele uPhuhliso laBantwana besebancinci elingaphezulu kwa mawaka-600 000 ngokusebenzisa amaziko amatsha ali- 1000 anabasebenzi abangaphezulu kwa mawaka-3 500 abaqeqeshiweyo nabasebenzayo, nokonyusa inani labantu ababonelela ngeenkonzo zokugcina abantwana.
ukungenisa indlela yemveliso ezizakufunyanwa ngurhulumente kuqala ezivela kumashishini amancinci, aphakathi kunye namancikane; ngokusebenzisa iAgente yoPhuhliso lwaMashishini aMancinci ibeka indlela esebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixesha lokuhlawulwa elilinganiselwa kwiintsuku ezinga- 30 liyasetyenziswa.
Sizakuphinda sidibanise lenkqubo ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwendawo zabantu zokuhlala ezinokugcinwa, ngamandla aluqilima, njengomcimbi ophambili okhawulezileyo, ukukhawulezisa ukufikelelwa kwamanzi jikelele, ucoceko kunye nombane, ukuze ngo 2014, sibe nendawo zokuhlala ezisezingeni zoluntu kunye nokufikelelwa kweziinkonzo zizindlu zonke.
Ukukhawulezisa ukungenelela kwethu ekuyeni kwempumelelo yenjongo yempilo kubo bonke iquke ukufezekiswa okuliqilima koYilo leCebo leSizwe ngokuchasene neHIV kunye neAIDS. Sikwazimisele ukuba phakathi kwalonyaka ukwehlisa ukuhlaselwa yiTB ukusuka kwi 10% ukuya kwi-7%, siqeqeshe abasenzi bezempilo abangaphezulu kwamawaka a-3000 ekulawuleni esisifo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenzsa iziyobisis ezahlukeneyo ezithintelayo nokuthi iziguli zeTB ezisebenzisa ezona ziyobisi zigqithisileyo zifumana unyango.
Sizimisele ukuweza umsebenzi kwisixokelelwano esibanzi sokhuseleko loluntu, esizakuncedwa ngokusebenzisana okusele kuqalisile kunye nabaxhasi bezoluntu.
Xa sibeka izandla zethu emngangathweni sizilungiselela Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga sikwamele ukuqinisa impikiswano yesizwe kwimibandela esichazayo njenge sizwe.
Izinto ezinjalo ezimbini zifanelwe ukuchazwa kafutshane.
Eyokuqala kwezi sisicelo sokuba simele ukwenza isifungo esizawucengcelezwa ngabafundi kwiintlanganisela zabo zasekuseni, kunye neSithembiso soLutsha sicacisa ukuziphatha kwabantu kunye nomanyano lwabantu phakathi kwabemi bonke boMzantsi Afrika. uMphathiswa weZemfundo uzakuchaza kabanzi kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yesizwe malunga nalemiba kwiveki ezayo.
Enye into imalunga nobume belizwe namagama eendawo, nto leyo endinga indlela yokwenziwa ngaxesha nye ukucanda wonke amaphondo ukuze sikwazi ukudala isiseko sokubhala iinguqu esizikhankanyayo. Sizakufaka lenkqubela ngokusesikweni kungekudala, ikhokhelwe liBhunga laMagama oBume beLizwe loMzantsi Afrika kunye neekomiti zalo zamaphondo.
Xa besibhengeza kwindaba yobundlobongela eKuhlaleni Kunye ePalamente kunyaka ophelileyo, siye sonke sabonakalisa inxalabo enzulu singajonganga amazinga aphezulu obundlobongela kuphela, kodwa nokuba izinto sijeke zambi kakhulu ikakhulu kwicala lokubulala - nto leyo itsiba ngaphezulu indlela yokuphucuka soloko sazifumanela idemokrasi.
Ngokusesikweni, kunyaka ophelileyo siyesazifaka kwindlela yokunxibelelana namashishini kunye namanye amacandelo oluntu, ukwenza indlela ebanzi malunga nokulungisa ngokutsha indlela yobulungisa malunga nobundlobongela ngokupheleleyo.
Kulombandela, ngomoya wokwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga, iKhabinethi ivumile kwinguqu ezifunekayo ukuseka indlela yokulwa nobundlobongela yobulungisa entsha, yalamaxesha, esebenzayo futhi iguquliwe. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lento izakuquka ukusekwa kwegqiza elitsha elizakulawula nokuphatha lendlela xa isangenayo, ukusuka kwisizwe ukuya ekhaya, idibanisa kunye iijaji zelizwe kunye nomantyi, amapolisa, abatshutshisi, iinkonzo zolule ko kunye neBhodi eNcedayo eSemthethweni, kunye namanye amangenela, kuquke nokugunyaziswa kweMibutho yaMapolisa oLuntu.
Njengokuba aMalungu aBekekileyo esazi, ezinye zezintsusa seziqalile; kodwa sinesiqiniseko sokuba, xa zithe zonke zenziwa ngokubambisana nangendlela yokucebisana, ifuthe lizakuba namandla kakhulu ekulweni kwethu nobundlobongela. Abaphathiswa beZobulungisa, uThintelo loBundlobongela kunye naMacandelo oKhuseleko bazakuchaza kabanzi ngeezinkcukacha phakathi kweveki elandelayo.
Sizakuphinda futhi, phakathi kwalonyaka, singenise iMithetho yeenguqu yeejaji ngokusebenzisana neejaji kunye noomantyi, sigqibe uyilo elijongene nokuqinisa ulawulo lokhuseleko kwimida, siphinde sinike impilo Kwiphepha Lamalungelo waMaxhoba, sikhangele ngokukhethekileyo kumba wezaphulamthetho eziziphindayo, siqhubeke ukufezekisa imilinganiso eyongeziweyo esungulwe kwizincomo zeKomishoni yeNyani noXolelwaniso.
Zisaziswa ngokubaluleka ukuqinisa ngokuchasene nobundlobongela obulugelelanisiweyo, kunye nezincomo zeKomishoni yeeJaji zikaKhampepe ngokusebenza nokumisela uLawulo lweMisebenzi eKhethekileyo kunye nokuqhubeka izibhengezo kulomba, kuquke nokuguqulwa kweNdlela yoBulungisa kuBundlobongela, sizakuthi ekupheleni kukaMatshi kulonyaka, sidibane nePalamente ngemithetho kunye neminye imicimbi engakagqitywa yemilinganiselo efunwayo ekuphuculeni kabanzi isakhono sethu ukulwisana nobundlobongela obulungelelanisiweyo.
Into ezakuqhubeka ukusazisa xa sithatha elinyathelo izakuba kukuzimisela okukhulu kukarhulumente ukulwisana nobundlobongela obulungelelanisiweyo nokwenza bhetele kulawulo, ukusebenza ngexesha noolawulo lokwenza-luqilima iagente zethu zomthetho.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu, impumelelo yethu ekulweni nobundlobongela kuxhomekeke ekubambisaneni kuthi sonke njengabemi abagcina-umthetho, sikhuthazwa yimigaqo yokubusa komthetho, ukuhlonela iijaji zethu nokusukela amalungelo alinganayo oluntu, nto leyo uMgaqo-siseko wethu usimanyileyo ukuba siyenze ezimpilweni zethu zemihla ngemihla kunye nakwinkcoko zethu.
Sizakuqhubeka kulonyaka ngamalinge okuphucula oomatshini bakarhulumente ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zabahlali. Xa kukho utho, umoya wokwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga ulungelwe ukusebenza ebantwini ngabanye ngabanye abo banenyweba yokuba zizicaka zoluntu.
Kukho izinto ezilula kodwa zibalulekile eziphambili esizakuqala sizijonge, njengenxalenye okusebenzisana sonke ukuphucula umbutho knye namandla ombuso.
Okokuqala, kuye kwavunyelwana kumacandelo onke karhulumente ukuba ezona zikhundla zomsebenzi ezibalulekileyo zimelwe ukugcwaliswa kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu xa kuthe kwavela esosithuba. Isebe leNkonzo Zolunto noLawulo lizakubeka indlela yokulawula oku ukukhangela ukufezeka kwesisigqibo.
Okwesibini, ngoMeyi wonyaka nonyaka (kwaye ngaphakathi kwenyanga ezimbini zonyaka wezemali ukuqala korhulumente basekhaya) bonke abaphathi abaphezuu balungelwe ukuba babe sebefake Izivumelwano Zokwenza Umsebenzi wabo emagunyeni afanelekileyo. Iofisi yeKomishoni yeNkonzo Zoluntu izakwenza iindlela zolawulo kulombandela.
Okwesithathu, ngokubona ukuba Isebe leMicibi yaseKhaya lichukumisa undoqo ngobomi bomhlali ngamnye, kulonyaka sizakuqinisa ukufezekiswa koyilo lokuguqula izinto elamkelwe yiKhabinethi. Lento iquke ukuphuculwa kwezixokelelwano ze-IT, ukuqeqesha abasebenzi kwiindlela ezintsha, sincothule abenzi benkohlakalo nokuqalisa ukufaka ikhadi elitsha le-ID.
Ukukhula komsebenzi kwinkonzo zoluntu kukwaxhomekeke kubulunga bobukhokheli obuvezwa ngabaphathi bolawulo abaphezulu. Kananjalo, kubalulekile ukuphucula ukuzibophelela kwabasebenzi boluntu emisebenzini yabo - umsebenzi omelwe ukwenziwa ngabaphathi, izicaka zoluntu ngokwazo kunye nemibutho yabasebenzi.
Kulombandela, kulonyaka, ngokubambisana nemibutho yabasebenzi yoluntu, sizakuqalisa ngeNgqungquthela yeCandelo Loluntu ukucacisa lemiba ukuze umoya weBatho Pele ungazifumanela uluvo ulizinzileyo apho iinkonzo karhulumente ibonelelwa khona.
Ukusebenzisana nabanye abalingani boluntu, sizakuqinisekisa ukuba, ekupheleni kwalonyaka, Inkqubo yeSizwe Echasene Norwaphilizo ingeniswa ngokusesikweni, nokuthi uyilo lokusebenza okuvunyelwana ngalo namashishini abumbeneyo luyafezekisa. Kwizinga lorhulumente basekhaya, sizakuncedisa oomasipala bethu aba-150 ekwenzeni uyilo lwabo oluchasene norwaphilizo.
Sizakuqhubeka kulonyaka ukuqinisa iinzame ukomeleza isakhono sorhulumente wasekhaya ngokubambisene ne-5-year Local Government Strategic Agenda. Ukuqinisekisa ulawulo oluthe tye kulomba, iSALGA ivumile ukubonelela ngeengxelo zeekota emsebenzini osele wenziwe.
Ukuqhubeka ngokubekekileyo ekuphuculeni iinkonzo esele ibonelelwe kumacandelo onzakeleyo umzekelo amagqala, amakhosikazi nolutsha, sizakuphinda sihlaziye amacandelo anyulelwe ukwenza lemisebenzi nokuphonononga amalungiselelo afanelekileyo, kuquka nokuxilonga amasebe karhulumente lawo asekelwe ukujongana nophuhliso lolutsha kunye nogunyaziso.
Imicelimngeni emininzi emsebenzini wethu osiwuvelisileyo ovela kbuthathaka obuveleleyo malunga noyilo lwethu. Ngoko, njenge nxalenye yeNcam ePhambili yethu kwilixa elizayo sizakugqiba iinkqubo ezisakusenza ukuba siphucule ukusebenza kukarhulumente ukubeka endaweni uyilo lokwenyani noludibanisiweyo, liquke wonke amacandelo karhulumente.
Inkqubo esele siyichazile ikwafaka izibophelelo zokuba ilizwe lethu livumile kunye nenkokheli zelizwekazi ngokusebenzisa i-African Peer Review Mechanism.
Injongo yethu, ekukhuliseni iAgenda yeAfrika kulonyaka, izakuba sekomelezeni amaziko aseAfrika, kuquke neNdibano yeAfrica kuhle nenkqubo yayo yophuhliso, iNEPAD.
Oku sizakukwenza, ngokukhuthazwa yinjongo efanayo yabantu belizwekazi kumdibaniso omkhulu ukusukela umanyano kwilizwekazi kwimingangatho yonke. Inyathelo elibalulekileyo kulombandela kukuhlanganisa amaziko ezithili kunye nemcimbi ejoliswe ekuphumeleleni umanyano lezithili.
Siyaqhubeka ngokuzimisela kurhwebelano lwendawo elisimahla eLuntwini eluPhuhlayo laseMazantsi eAfrika, sinethemba lokusebenzisa ubusihlalo bethu kwi SADC ngo-2008/2009 siqhubeka ukunika amandla okuqhubela phambili kwinzame zezithili kulombandela.
Kuphakathi kwalemeko, kwakhona, sizakuqhubeka ukusebenzisa ngamacala amabini namaninzi nabamelwane bethu kunye neNdibano yaseYurophu, phakathi kwenkqubo yemeko ekhokhelwa yiNdibano yeAfrika, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingxoxo kwiZivumelwano Zothelelwano kweZoqoqosho zigqitywa ngokukhawuleza, zimiselwe ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lommandla wethu.
Ngaphezu konyaka ophelileyo, siye saqhubeka nomyalelo weSADC ukuncedisa inkokheli zopolitiko eZimbabwe ukufumanisisa isisombululo eside kwimicelimngeni abajongene nayo yezopolitiko. Siyesaba nethuba, xa siqhukumbela iNgqungquthela yeAU ibibanjwe eAddis Ababa ngokusemthethweni ukunikela ngengxelo ezeleyo kwinkokheli zeSADC kulomcimbi.
Ngokufutshane, amaqela abandakanyekayo kwingxoxo-mpikiswano afikelele isivumelwano esipheleleyo kwimiba yonke emayela kwimicimbi ephathekayo emelwe ukuvezwa ngamaqela. Oku kuquke imibandela emayela noMgaqo-siseko, ukhuseleko, usasazo nemithetho yonyulo, neminye imicimbi ibisoloko ibambene eminyakeni emininzi. Imithetho efanelekileyo kulemicimbi sele yamkelwe yipalamente, kuquke nokulungiswa okubalulekileyo komgaqo-siseko. Into eseleyo, ngokunjalo, ngomcimbi wenkqubo omayela nexesha nangendlela yokuwisa umthetho wesivumelwano soYilo loMgaqo-siseko.
Ngoku njalo, sidibana neNtloko zasebuRhulumenteni noRhulumente zeSADC ngokuncoma amaqela Ngengxoxo-mpikiswano yaseZimbabwe ngempumelelo yawo encomekayo nokubakhuthaza ukusebenza kunye ukusombulula umcimbi oseleyo wenkqubo. Njengokuba bendiceliwe ziNtloko zasebuRhulumenteni noRhulumente zeSADC sihlala sikulungele ukwenza lula ingxoxo zaseZimbabwe. Ngaxeshanye, sinqwenelela abemi baseZimbabwe impumelelo kunyulo elimiselwe umhla wa-29 kuMatshi.
Icala lethu elizintlontlobo kunxulumano ne-Democratic Republic of Congo lizakuqhubeka, xa sisoloko sifuna ukuba negalelo kwinzame zabantu abangodadewethu belolizwe ukuzifumanela uxolo lukanaphakade, nofezekisa ukwakha kwabo ngokutsha nenkqubo zophuhliso.
Futhi urhulumente wethu uzawuhlala ezisebenzisa inkqubo eziqhubekayo eKenya, eChad, eBurundi, eDarfur phakathi eSudan, eNtshona yeSahara, eCÑ„te d'Ivoire, eSomalia, eComoros neCentral African Republic ukufumana uxolo lukanaphakade nozinzo.
Thina sikwakhathazekile ngezixholoxholo ezingenangqondo nokubulalana eKenya naseChad, izehlakalo ezibuyisela inkqubela emva ngokucacileyo ebesiyenza eminyakeni embalwa egqithileyo malunga nokuhlaziya ngokutsa ilizwekazi iAfrika. Sibiza bonke abakhaya beAfrica ukwenza oko singakwenzayo, kunye ukunceda ngokuzisa isiphelo kuyo yonke lemiphumela emibi.
Sizawu, ngokwenene, ukuqhubeka nokwenza imisebenzi yethu kwiBhunga loKhuseleko leZizwe eZimanyeno. Okubalulekileyo kulombandela, kukomeleza ukubambisana phakathi kweBhunga loKhuseleko leUN kunye neBhunga loXolo Nokhuseleko loManyano lweAfrika.
Sinyanzeliswa ngumqweno wokuphuhlisa impucuko kubulunga bempilo yabantu bonke, ngokukhethekileyo emazweni asafufuzayo, sizawukhangela ekwandiseni ukomelela kwenxaxheba yethu kwimbutho zeIndia-Brazil-Mzantsi Afrika, Uthelelwano oLutsha loYilo lweAfrika-Asia, uMbutho Ozimeleyo, Iqumrhu la-77 kunye nengxoxo zokugqibezela isivumelwano sorhwebo seSACU-Mercusor.
Kwangomlinganiselo ofanayo, sizawuqhubeka ukuba nenxaxheba ekuqondeni iinjongo ze-Kyoto Protocol kwiNguquko yeMozulu kunye nenkqubela eziqhubekayo kulombandela, nokunikela ngamandla kwingxoxo ezimalunga ne-WTO Doha Development Round.
Kulonyaka sibhiyozela isikhumbuzo sokuphela kweminyaka elishumi oko kwasekwayo unxulumano lobuchule phakathi koMzantsi Afrika kunye ne-People's Republic of China. Ukuvela kolunxulumano kwindawo ezahlukehlukeneyo phakathi koorhulumente nabantu kuqinisekisa ukuba uThelelelwano leChina-Mzantsi Afrika lokuKhula noPhuhliso bubudlelwane obunochule obazakunceda lamazwe womabini, obungakhula ukusuka emandleni ukuya emandleni.
Kunyaka ozayo, sizakusingatha iKomfa yeNkumbulo ukuhlola ukufezekisa izigqibo zeKomfa yeHlabathi ngokuChasene noCalucalulo leyo yayibanjelwe kwilizwe lethu ngo-2001. siqinisekile ukuba, ngokuchazelwa kukubulala kwabo isibetho socalucalulo kunye nemiphumela ephanzisayo eqhubeka ukuyinyasha eluntwini, urhulumente nabantu behlabathi bazakusebenza kunye nathi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iKomfa yeNkumbulo izakuphumelela iinjongo zayo.
Oluxanduva lehlabathi-jikelele, kuquke nokusingatha Indebe yeHlabathi yeFIFA ka-2010, kusinika isibindi senkuluko ngethemba uluntu elinalo kwilizwe lethu njengomdlali oyilayo phakathi kwenzame ezibalaseleyo zoluntu lonke. Kodwa asimelanga ukuthabatha oku ngokungakhathali.
Ndinesiqiniseko ukuba, ngaphantsi kobukhokeli beBhunga beMarike Zeziwe, i-Trade and Investment South Africa (TISA), uKhenketho loMzantsi Afrika kunye nezinye iagente sizakuphakamisa izandla zethu ukunxibelelana nehlabathi liphela umoya Ukwenza izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga, nokuqhubeka ukungena malunga nokudala uluntu olukhathalayo kunye nezimo zehlabathi ukubuthana elizweni lethu ukubhiyozela uBuntu beAfrika ngo-2010.
Xa sele nditsho konke endikutshiloyo, ndibuyela kumbuza: buyintoni ubume besizwe sethu xa singena ku- 2008!
Into endingayaziyo kwaye ndisitsho ngesibindi ukuba: nokuba yeyiphi imicelimngeni okwangoku, sisese lugqatsweni!
Ndikutsho oku ndinesiqiniseko esingagunqiyo ngokuba ndiqinesekile ukuba abemi boMzantsi Afrika banesakhono kwaye bazilungiselele ukujongana nomcelimngeni wembali - ukusebenzisa wonke umsipha womzimba wethu - ukusabela imicelimngeni yanamhlanje yesizwe, kuquke ezo zijongene nezoqoqosho lwethu, isimo sezoqoqosho nopolitiko eAfrika nakwezinye indawo ehlabathini, nokusebenzisa amathuba lawo ilizwe lethu liqhubekela kuwo eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi elinesine esele ibonelele.
Ngezandla zonke emngangathweni, sizimisele ukwenza izinto ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwaye esebenzayo, sizakugcina inkqubo yethu yokwakha kwakhona nophuhliso siyise nakumazinga aphezulu.
<fn>StateoftheNation.2009.2009-04. Xh.txt</fn>
Lilungelo elilodwa kum elokuthetha kule Ndibano iHlangeneyo yePalamente yeRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, ekuqaleni kwale seshoni yokugqibela yePalamente yethu yeDemokhrasi yesiThathu.
Ndimi phambi kwabantu boMzantsi Afrika ngokuzithoba ngethuba endibe nalo lokuba kweyona ofisi iphakamileyo elizweni oko kube kwenzeke ngenxa yemeko eyodwa evele kwisigqibo seqela elikhokelayo kurhulumente sokurhoxisa owayesakuba nguMongameli.
Kunye nasekubekeni isiseko solawulo lwangaphaya konyulo ukuze luqhube kakuhle ulawulo.
Kwiinyanga ezintlanu ezidlulileyo siye saqinisekisa utshintsho olungenamagingxi-gingxi kunye nokuqhuba kwemisebenzi karhulumente sibamba ngazibini ke kwinkqubo yethu yomgaqosiseko evuthiweyo, ekubonakala inxenye yayo kwintsebenziswano yamalungu amatsha kunye namadala kunye noncedo oluzinzileyo lwabaphathi bethu becandelo labucala.
Xa sijonga emva kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu edlulileyo, ndinqwenela ukuvuma ukuzibophelela kunye nokusebenza nzima kwaboNgameli Nelson Mandela noThabo Mbeki kunye nabasetyhini kunye namadoda amaninzi adlale indima yawo ekuqhubeni inqanawa karhulumente phantsi kwedemokhrasi: kwisiGqeba nakulawulo, izindlu zowiso-mthetho kumacandelo omathathu karhulumente kunye necandelo leenkundla; ziqhutywa lulangazelelo lokuphucula ubulunga bobomi babo bonke abeMi boMzantsi Afrika.
Ngaphezu kwako konke, ndimi phambi kwenu ngebhongo nokuzithemba kuba uMzantsi Afrika esiwubhiyozela namhlanje lowo ubusakucalula, kukho impixano nokungaqukwa kwabathile kokwenziwayo kwiminyaka nje eli-15 edlulileyo ngoku usisiqhamo semisebenzi nokubila kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda oMzantsi Afrika mbombo zone zomhlaba.
Aba bemi boMzantsi Afrika bemele ithemba nokomelela okuluphawu lwesizwe sethu.
Phakathi kwabeMi boMzantsi Afrika abaziwayo nabakhethekileyo ngamaLungu ePalamente yethu yedemokhrasi ngelishwa abaye basishiya ku kweyoMdumba ephelileyo. Abo baquka u-Brian Bunting, Billy Nair, Ncumisa Kondlo, John Gomomo, Joe Nhlanhla, Cas Saloojee, John Schippers no-Jan van Eck.
Kwaba bantu ndibakhankanyileyo, ndingathanda ukongeza uNksk Helen Suzman, uMmi woMzantsi Afrika obegqwesile, owamela iinqobo ezisemgangathweni zePalamente yethu entsha kumagumbi amadala weengxoxo.
Ngaba bathandi besizwe kunye nabanye ekufuneka banconywe kakhulu xa sibhengeza ukuba nokuba zinokuzisa ntoni na kumanxweme ethu izaqhwithi zoqoqosho, nokuba kungakho ukungaqiniseki kwezopolitiko okungakanani kuthi ngexa lenguqu isizwe sethu sikwimo entle.
Koko, kufuneka singayithatheli phantsi imiceli-mngeni esijongene nayo. Ukwehla kwezoqoqosho kumazwe ngamazwe akulubeki ngozini ingako uqoqosho lwethu ekulahlekelweni yimisebenzi kunye nobulunga bobomi babantu bethu.
Ngokwendalo, ukungaqiniseki kwinguquko yezopolitiko kungabeka imibuzo emininzi kuneempendulo ezikhoyo ngoko.
Njengesiphumo, abanye bethu banokungazilawuli ngokwabo batsalwe ngamaza otshintsho lwemozulu enezaqhwithi baze boyiswe ngamagingxi-gingxi ezoqoqosho kunye nesaqunge sezopolitiko.
Kodwa olwethu luhambo lwethemba nokomelela.
Sinokude sithi, kwimeko ethile engaqhelekanga, imiba emininzi yomgaqosiseko wethu iye yavavanywa kutsha nje kwixa elidlulileyo, kwaye ngamnye kuyo iye yaluphumelela uvavanyo ukuze iveze idemokhrasi eyomelela kwakhona ngokukhawuleza okukhethekileyo. Idemokhrasi yethu inempilo. Ikhula isomelela ngokuthe chu, isomelezwa nguMgaqo-siseko ongalinganisekiyo elizweni.
Ngenene, kukomelela kokuzibandakanya kwethu kwezopolitiko ngeli xesha lokhuphiswano lonyulo elo sonke sivumelanayo ukuba kufuneka libe nesidima noxolo lolona qiniselo luqinisekileyo lokuphila okuqhubayo kunye nokubanzulu kwedemokhrasi yethu.
Ngabantu boMzantsi Afrika abaye baqinisekisa inkqubela yawo, kwaye ngabo abaya kukhusela idemokhrasi yethu kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ndivumele, Nkosikazi Somlomo noSihlalo, ngokuphathelene noku ukuba ndibongoze bonke abeMi boMzantsi Afrika abafanelekileyo ukuba babhalise baze bavote kunyulo oluzayo lwesizwe nolwamaphondo, ukuze sizibumbele ngokwethu indawo esifuna ukuba kuyo.
Oku kufuneka sikwenze suku ngalunye kwii-ofisi zikamasipala, phambi kokuba uluhlu lwabavoti luvalwe. Kodwa kwakhona kufuneka siyivuyele impela-veki ekhethekileyo yobhaliso elungiselelwe yiKomishoni yoNyulo yoMzantsi Afrika ngomso nangeCawa, umhla wesi-7 nowesi-8 kweyoMdumba ngokulandelelana.
Mandithathe kwakhona eli thuba ndithi kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo ndiyakugqibezela ukudibana kwam neKomishoni yoNyulo kunye neeNkulumbuso zamaPhondo ndibhengeze umhla wonyulo.
Ubukho bethu njengedemokhrasi bube ngenxa yabantu baseMzantsi Afrika abo, ngowama-27 kwekaTshazimpunzi 1994, okokuqala ngokuhlangeneyo bathathela ezandleni zabo abakufunayo.
Ngeso senzo silula kodwa sinzulu sokufaka ivoti kurhulumente wabo bonke abantu belizwe lethu, siye sashiya emva okudlulileyo okusihluthe ukuba ngabantu kwethu.
Kufanelekile ke ngoko kulo msitho ukuba kubhiyozelwe isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-20 sokwamkelwa kwe-Declaration of the OAU Ad-hoc Committee kumZantsi we-Afrika leyo eMzantsi Afrika yamkelwa kweyeThupha, 1989 ngokuqhelekileyo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Harare Declaration.
Elo phulo labeka isiseko semvumelwano yezizwe ngezizwe, oko kusenziswa ngeZizwe eziManyeneyo, ngendlela emayisetyenziswe kuthetha-thethwano eMzantsi Afrika.
EMzantsi Afrika, yazisa kwakhona okubaluleke kakhulu kwiNkomfa ka-1989 yekaMva leDemokhrasi lihlanganisa kunye amathanda sizwe avela kumagumbi omane omhlaba awohlukahlukeneyo.
Konke oku kwakhokelela kwinkqubo yothetha-thethwano eyakhokelela kunyulo lwethu lokuqala lwedemokhrasi ngo-1994.
Ngokuphathelene noku, masothuleleni umnqwazi ongasekhoyo uMongameli we-African National Congress, uOliver Reginald Tambo, ngokuqala nokukhokela oko ekwenza ngamaqurhu amazwe nawezizwe ngezizwe nto leyo eye yaba sisikhokelo sesisombululo esinoxolo kwimpixano ebikwilizwe lethu.
Elo nyathelo lobukhalipha lenza inkqubo-sikhokelo eyayiza kufuna uxolo noxolelwaniso, endaweni yemfazwe nempixano, labuyisela emva isifingo esingeyonyani seminyaka elikhulu eyadlulayo: oko kukuthi, isiphelo ngo-1909 seNgqunguthela yeSizwe esaxela kwangaphambili ukusekwa kweManyano yoMzantsi Afrika.
Ngexa iNgqungquthela yachaza ukhuselo lwesidima soMzantsi Afrika njengoko sisazi namhlanje, yayisekelwe kwingcinezelo nokukhutshelwa ngaphandle ngokobuhlanga.
Kwakhona, kwi-15 leminyaka kwidemokhrasi yethu, singabhengeza ukuba uloyiko, ukungakhuseleki kunye nenzondo ezo kwiminyaka eli-100 zenza uxolo olukhethekile nolulahlekisayo phakathi kwabaphathi bezithanga, zange kungafunyaniswa nje kuphela, kodwa ngokwenene kwakubekwe ndaweni yimbi.
Olo loyiko nokungakhuseleki kwaye kwanika ukonyuka kuye kumashumi eminyaka oxhathiso. Ngokuphathelene noku, sothulela umnqwazi elo khalipha lonyana woluntu lwethu, u-Solomon Kalushi Mahlangu owaye waxhonywa kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo engoyiki ngokoyikiswa, eneqhayiya lokuba igazi lakhe liya kunkcenkceshela umthi wenkululeko.
Ndivumeleni ke ndamkele u-Lucas Mahlangu, ubhuti kaKalushi, omele usapho lakwaMahlangu.
U-Solomon Mahlangu wayeqhuba isiko lamagorha eminyaka edlulileyo, phakathi kwawo esibala lawo angaphantsi koNkosi Cetshwayo owathi ngo-1879 woyisa umkhosi waseBritani eIsandlwana, ekhusela inkululeko yabantu bemveli belizwe lethu kunye nenkululeko yemihlaba yabo.
Kwikhulu leminyaka enamashumi amathathu (130), sinokukhuthazwa kuphela lithemba kunye nokomelela okwaye kwangena kwezo ntliziyo zikhaliphileyo.
Kumaziko emfundo, kwa oku komelela kunye kwaye kwaphemba umlilo wokomelela kwiindimbane zabantu ngexa lobusika obabubanda kakhulu emva kokuvalwa umlomo kombutho wenkululeko kunye nokubanjwa koninzi lweenkokheli zalo eziphambili.
Iqela labafundi abakhaliphileyo baye bakreqa kwi-NUSAS baze baseka uMbutho wabaFundi boMzantsi Afrika (SASO) kwiminyaka engama-40 eyadlulayo.
Kwesi sizukulwana kukho iinkokheli zokuqala ze-SASO, eziquka: oo-Strini Moodley, Njingalwazi Barney Pityana, Steve Biko, Onkgopotse Tiro, Harry Nengwekhulu, Themba Sono, Mapetla Mohapi, Mosioua Lekota, Johnny Issel noMthuli ka Shezi. Ngokufaka ithemba ngexesha lokulahlekelwa lithemba, sibothulela umnqwazi. Ngokuphathelene noku, sinqwenela ukukhahlela umzala ka Onkgopotse Tiro, u-Pat Tlhagwana.
Kulo mxholo sikwanqwenela ukuvuma ongasekhoyo u-Ephraim Mogale, uMongameli owaseka kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo uMbutho wabaFundi woMzantsi Afrika (COSAS), namaqabane akhe.
Xa sikhumbula aba bafundi bamaxesha angaphambili siye sibe nomyalezo osibophelelayo, wokuba ukunxanelwa inkululeko nolwazi kutshisa ngamandla kakhulu ezifubeni zolutsha lwethu.
Umyalezo wezenzo zabo zobugorha isakhenkceza nanamhlanje njengoko kwaba njalo kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, ekubeni kufuneka sandise imida yamathuba; kwaye ngokwenene, ngamagama oMqulu weNkululeko, kuvulwe ngokubanzi ngokungaphaya iingcango zokufunda nenkcubeko!
Asiyilibali le mibutho neenkokheli kuba zifake umoya wethemba nokomelela okwenza kuhambele phambili umzabalazo wedemokhrasi nakuba yonke into yayibonakala imfiliba; ngokunika ugxininiso kwimfanelo esemagxeni ethu ekuqhubeleni phambili imisebenzi olwazenza idini kuyo uninzi lwabantu, bengafuni ukoyikiswa zizinto ezibabuyisela umva nobunzima.
Ke ngoko ke, Nkosikazi Somlomo noSihlalo oBekekileyo, kufuneka sizibuze ukuba, ingaba izenzo zethu ziyichaze njani indlela yophuhliso loluntu loMzantsi Afrika kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu ukusukela ekuzalweni kwedemokhrasi yethu, kwaye siluqhubele njani phambili uphuhliso loluntu kunye nesidima soluntu ukusukela kwigunya ledemokhrasi lika-2004!
Namhlanje sinenkqubo yedemokhrasi esebenza kakuhle, esekelwe kwimithetho-siseko yokungafihli nto kunye nokuvuleleka, enemigangatho emininzi yothabatho nxaxheba loluntu kunye namaziko azimeleyo agunyaziswe nguMgaqo-siseko uba axhase idemokhrasi.
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, siye saphucula ngokuthe chu imibutho yolawulo. Siye saseka indlela yonxulumano oluphakathi kurhulumente kumacandelo onke, kwaye saphucula uhlanganiso ngaphakathi naphakathi kwawo.
Ngokwenene, urhulumente makazingce ngokuba siye satshintsha ukwakheka kwenkonzo karhulumente ukuba mayibandakanye lonke uluntu, nto leyo esondeleyo kubunjani boluntu lwethu ngenxa zonke.
Nakuba, abasetyhini besenza malunga nama-34% azo zonke izikhundla eziphezulu kwinkonzo karhulumente, oku kuyasilela kobekujoliswe kuko kokulinganisa ebesizibekele kona.
Kumabakala ezindlu zowiso-mthetho zesizwe nezamaphondo, kubonakala ngathi isizwe kulo nyaka siya kodlula kuma-32% omgangatho wokumelwa ngabasetyhini owaphunyezwa ngo-2004 kwaye ngethemba, nakuma-40% aphunyezwa ngonyulo boorhulumente beengingqi luka-2006.
Siyathemba ukuba onke amaqela ezopolitiko, njengoko egqibezela uluhlu lwawo lonyulo, aya kufaka isandla kulo mzamo unesidima kangaka!
Nangona kukhona inkqubela eyenziweyo, eli-0,2%, imeko ayiphucukanga kangako ngokuphathelene nabantu abakhubazekileyo abaqeshwe kurhulumente, xa kulinganiswa ne-2% ebesijolise ukufikelela kuyo.
Kuzo zombini ezi zikhankanyiweyo icandelo labucala lisasalele emva kakhulu.
Amanyathelo awohlukeneyo aye athathwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwenkonzo karhulumente, kuqukwa nolawulo lwezimali, amaZiko eeNkonzo ze-Thusong kunye nokunye okuye kwavezwa okutsha kokufezekisa ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo, izimbizo kunye, njengoko kusenzeka ngoku kwiSebe leMicimbi yezeKhaya, ubunkokheli obuqinileyo.
Nakuba kunjalo, kuninzi ekusafuneka kwenziwe ukuze kuphuculwe umkhwa weenkonzo kunye noqhelwaniso lomsebenzi kubasebenzi bakarhulumente ingakumbi abo basebenza ngqo noluntu.
Njengoko anokuba ayazi amaLungu aBekekileyo, urhulumente wethu wenze ukuba umlo ochasene norhwaphilizo ibe ngomnye wemimandla engundoqo ekujoliswe kuyo.
Oku kubonakaliswa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kumthetho, imithetho nemimiselo elawula abasebenzi bakarhulumente kunye nababambi zi-ofisi abangosoopolitiki ngokufanayo, ubambiswano noluntu kunye noosomashishini, ngokunjalo neminxeba etsalwayo kuxelwe okuchasene norhwaphilizo.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iindlela zokuthintela kunye nokohlwayela urhwaphilizo azikoneli, kodwa ngokombono weendlela zikarhulumente, sinokuzithuthuzela ngokuba ngaphezulu kwama-70% amatyala orhwaphilizo axeliweyo kwabeendaba aye aziwe nguwonke-wonke kuba urhulumente ukubonile okungalunganga kwaye ngokwenene kukho into ayenzayo ngako.
Kwa le miceli-mngeni minye ijongene necandelo labucala. Ekugqibeleni, umceli-mngeni ukwamalunga nomthetho, kuba umalunga nokunyanzelwa kwawo okufanayo.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba sonke sivumile ukuba ukuphila koluntu lwethu kuxhomekeke, kakhulu, kwinkqubela esiyenzayo ekwandiseni ubutyebi besizwe kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ubuncwane bokukhula koqoqosho kwabelwana ngabo ngabantu xa bebonke.
Yinto eqhelekileyo eyokuba, emva kokoma kwezoqoqosho ekupheleni koo-1980 kunye nasekuqaleni koo-1990, uMzantsi Afrika uye waba nelona xesha lokukhula koqoqosho liye lazinza ukusukela ekubeni ukushicilelwa kwamanani aqokelelweyo okunjalo kwaqala ngo-1940.
KwiShumi lemiNyaka yokuQala yeNkululeko, ukukhula koqoqosho kwaba yi-avareji ye-3% ngonyaka, kwaye oku kuphucuke kwaya kuma kwi-5% ngonyaka nge-avareji ukusukela ku-2004 ukuya ku-2007.
Ngexa ukukhula kwabaxhasi, kukhuthazwa yingqesho kunye nengeniso enyukayo kunye namazinga okunyuka nokwehla kwemali namazinga enzala asezantsi, kukho indima okuyidlalileyo ngokuphathelene noku, sikhuthazwa liphulo elibanzi lamathuba lokunabisa ngokungaphaya kuye phambili.
Oku kuquka, kuqala, amazinga aphezulu otyalo-mali kuwo omabini amacandelo kwelikarhulumente nelabucala. Ngokuphathelene noku, kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, besixhathise kwi-16% yokwenziwa kwenkunzi engaguqukiyo kungekatsalwa nto kuyo njengepesenti yemVeliso yaseKhaya kungekaTsalwa nto kuyo (GDP). Oko ke iye yaba kukukhawuleziswa kutyalo-mali kwaye elo nani namhlanje limi kuma-22%, kufutshane nama-25% esithelekelela ukulifumana kuphela ngo-2014. Inxenye ethile yoku isisiphumo seenkqubo eziyilwe ngurhulumente zokwandisa izibonelelo zokusebenza zikarhulumente.
Ikwasisiphumo semigaqo-nkqubo esokuphucula isimo sotyalo-malo lwamacandelo abucala, kunye nokuqhuba imigaqo-nkqubo yezoqoqosho neyemali ngendlela eyandisa ufikelelo kwiinkonzo kwaye yehlise umthwalo wokwehla nokunyuka kwamandla emali ngexa kwangaxesha nye iqinisekisa uzinzo kwisikeyile esikhulu sezoqoqosho nokugcineka kwaso.
Ujoliso kutshintsho loqoqosho oluncinane kwishumi leminyaka elidlulileyo, kunye neenzame, ingakumbi ukusukela ngo-2004 ngobuchule obungaphaya bokususa iintlobo ngeentlobo zemiqobo ekukhuleni luye lwaba neempembelelo ezintle.
Phantsi kwalo mxholo iPhulo lokuKhawulezisa ukuKhula ekwaBelwana ngako (AsgiSA) liyaphunyezwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izithintelo ezinzima ezifana nemiqobo kwizibonelelo zokusebenza, umgaqo-nkqubo wezoshishino ohlanganisiweyo kunye neenkqubo, imiceli-mngeni yezakhono, ukungabikho ntshukumo kulawulo kunye nokwanela kweenkonzo zikarhulumente lulungiso ekugqaliswe kulo ngobuchule.
Uqoqosho lwethu luye luvuleleka, kwaye ukusukela ngo-1994 luya luhlangana ngokuthe chu kwindlela yamazwe ngamazwe. Amaziko ethu ezimali angumzekelo omhle oye wasikhusela kwizaqhwithi zezoqoqosho zamazwe ngamazwe.
Kananjalo, ububanzi bofikelelo kuluntu lwethu busahleli busezantsi kakhulu kunoko kulindelekileyo. Uqoqosho lwethu lusahleli luxhomekeke kakhulu kwezezembiwa nolimo ukuze kuthunyelwe kumazwe angaphandle. Ngaphandle kwakwicandelo leenkonzo, asibonanga kwaneleyo kumacandelo abalulekileyo, ingakumbi elokuvelisa.
Ngenxa yoko, izinga lokukhula kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle khange libe phezulu njengakumazwe afana nathi. Bobu buthathaka ngqo obenza intsilelo enkulu ye-Current Account ingakumbi xa singena kwizintlu eziphezulu zokukhula.
Kwaye ngenxa yokuba sinamazinga asezantsi olondolozo, kuye kwafune ka ukuba sithembele ekungeneni nasekuphumeni kwenkunzi kwexesha elifutshane ukuxhasa intsilelo ngokunjalo neenkqubo zethu zotyalo-mali.
Le yimiceli-mngeni ngokuqinisekileyo ekufuneka ilizwe lethu liyilungise ukuze liqhubele phambili.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ngumbuzo wokuba: ngokwenene kufuneka ukukhula koqoqosho kube malunga nantoni Ubutyebi benzelwa ukuphucula ubulunga bobomi babantu?
Yiloo nto ke, umbuzo wokuba ukukhula emakwabelwana ngako ngokulinganayo kufuneka ibe ngundoqo wokuthathelwa kwengqalelo koqoqosho.
Okubalulekileyo, ukwabelana ngeziqhamo zokukhula kufuneka kube nemisebenzi edalwayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho imisebenzi ephucukileyo.
Ngokwenene, ngumba owenza ibhongo owokuba phakathi kuka-1995 no-2003, uqoqosho lwadala malunga nesigidi esinye esinesiqingatha semisebenzi nje emitsha; kwaye okubalaseleyo ngokungaphaya, malunga nemisebenzi engama-500 000 ngonyaka phakathi kuka-2004 no-2007.
Kweli thuba lakamva, ixesha lokuqala ukusukela ekufunyanweni kwedemokhrasi, imisebenzi emininzi yayidalwa kunenani labo batsha bangena kwimarike yemisebenzi, oko ke kusehlisa izinga lentswela-ngqesho ukusuka kuma-31% ngo-2003 ukuya kuma-23% ngo-2007.
Ngokwenene, oku kufuneka kungasuki kwisibophelelo sethu sokuqhuba sigocagoca umba wemisebenzi elungileyo, kuqukwa namalungelo kunye nezibonelelo ezonwatyelwa ngabasebenzi.
Ukwabelana ngeziqhamo zokukhula nako kufuneka kuquke uphunyezo olukhawulezileyo lokunika amathuba abo babewavinjiwe ngaphambili, kuqukwa nokuNikwa kwabamNyama aMandla ezoQoqosho.
Oku ayikokulandela loo nto kuthiwa yi-ajenda yobuhlanga, Ngokwenene, ilizwe elingaqinisekisi ukubandakanyeka kwabo bonke abemi balo kwimigangatho yonke yemisebenzi yoqoqosho ngokuqinisekileyo liyakusebnza ngaphantsi kunoko belizimisele ukukwenza.
Into yokuba icandelo labucala libe lisalele ngasemva ekutshintsheni ukubandakanyeka koluntu lonke kulawulo kunye nemisebenzi enezakhono, kuphuhliso lwamashishini njalo njalo kwenza ukuba ilizwe lethu lihambe kancinane ekukhuleni okuphezulu.
Ukwabela ngeziqhamo zokukhula nako kuthetha indima eyoneleyo nenobulungisa kurhulumente ekusebenziseni okunxulumene nemali njengesixhobo sokwaba kwakhona kunye nokwabelana ngomthwalo wokubonelela ngempahla kawonke-wonke.
Amalungu aBekekileyo inokuba anolwazi oluninzi lwemicimbi enxulumene nemivuzo yoluntu. Koko ndiyakukhankanya iimeko ezimbalwa kwakhona ukuze ndibonise ubunjani benkqubela esiyenzileyo kunye nemicelo mngeni esijongene nayo.
Urhulumente ubuhlungu xa eqonda ukuba ubuhlwempu obunzima busanabile kuluntu lwethu, kwaye umgangatho wokungalingani uphezulu kakhulu.
Kule minyaka ili-15 idlulileyo siye senza konke okusemandleni ethu okulwa esi sibetho ngomvuzo wezentlalo.
Okokuqala, ubuhlwempu buye behla kakhulu ukusukela ekutshintsheni ikhulu leminyaka. Ukwehla kakhulu kungenxa yokwanda kakhulu kwenkcitho yenkxaso-mali yoluntu ukusukela ngo-2002 ukuya phambili. Le mpucuko ibonwa ngofikelelo kwiinkonzo ezisisiseko ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kubuhlwempu be-asethi kuye kwade kwakhokelela ekwehleni kubuhlwempu. Okwesibini, nangona ukwehla kubuhlwempu kukukhulu, ukungalingani kuphelele kunyukile ngoo-1990. Okwesithathu, ukuguquka okuhamba nobuhlwempu nokungalingani kumisela isimo ngokubanzi komgaqo-nkqubo[U] buhlwempu behlile ukusukela kwinguqu, kodwa ukungalingani akuphucukanga.
Phakathi kwemizi equka abantwana (abachazwa njengabo baneminyaka eli-17 nangaphantsi), inani lemizi elixela ukuba umntwana ulambile lehlile kakhulu ngokungaqhelekanga (ukusuka nje kuma-31 eepesenti ukuya kwi-16 yeepesenti) phakathi kuka-2002 no- 2006. Oku kuthetha ukuba isimo sobuhlwempu sehle ngokubalaseleyo, ingakumbi kwabo bantu bahlupheka kakhulu. Ubukho jikelele bendlala phakathi kwabantwana buye behla ukuya kwisiqingatha kwiminyaka emine edlulileyo.
Ngokwenene, le ngqwalasela iqinisekiswa luphando lwethu, olubonisa ukuba ubuhlwempu kwingeniso ingakumbi kuluntu olumNyama nolweBala behlile, nxenye yoko yenziwa ngamazinga aphezulu engqesho kunye nofikelelo kwiinkxaso-mali zentlalo. Ngenxa inani labaxhamli nkxaso-mali lali-2,5 yezigidi ngo-1999, ngo-2008 oku kunyuke ukuya kuma kwi-12,4 yezigidi.
Oku kakhulu kungenxa yokwanda okukhulu kufikelelo kwiNkxaso-Mali yeSondlo sabaNtwana, okunyuke ukusuka kubaxhamli abangama-34 amawaka ngo-1999 ukuya kwi-8,1 yezigidi ngo-2008.
Njengenxenye yokufaka isandla kwingeniso yabahluphekayo, okujoliswe kuko ngamathuba emisebenzi esisigidi esi-1 ngeNkqubo yeMisebenzi kaRhulumente eyaNdisiweyo yaye yaphunyezwa ngo-2008, kwangoko ngonyaka kunoko kwakucingelwe kwigunya lonyulo luka-2004. Oku kwenze ukuba kubekho indlela yokwandisa inkqubo kunye nokuphucula ubulunga bayo.
Ngokuphathelene nokufikelela kwemizi kwiinkonzo ezisisiseko, amanani azixela ngokwawo. Njengokuba, ufikelelo kumanzi aphathekayo kuphucuke ukusuka kuma-62% ngo-1996 ukuya kuma-88% ngo-2008; umbane (58% ukuya kuma-72%); kwaye ugutyulo (52% ukuya kuma-73%).
Ubungqina kumvuzo wentlalo bukwabonwa ngempucukp enkulu ekufikeleleni kwizibonelelo zempilo ezisisiseko. Ama-95% abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngoku ahlala kwiikhilomitha ezi-5 zezibonelelo zempilo; kwaye sazisiwe ukuba zonke iikliniki ngoku zinofikelelo kumanzi abalekayo. Ugonyo lwabantwana luyonyuka ngokuthe chu ukuya kuma-85%; kwaye izehlo zemalariya zehle kakhulu.
Sikwakhuthazwa kukuba uphando kubukho jikelele bentsholongwane kaGawulayo lubonisa uzinzo kunye nokwehla kancinane kumazinga osulelo.
Ngokungaphaya, inkqubo yethu yonyango lwezilwa-ntsholongwane (antiretroviral) ayiyiyo kuphela nje enkulu ehlabathini kodwa iyanda maxa onke, inamalunga nezigulane ezingama-690 000 eziqaliswe kunyango lwe- lwezilwa-ntsholongwane ukusukela ekuqaleni kwenkqubo.
De kube ngoku izibonelelo ezininzi zempilo zihlala zingenawo amayeza afunekayo, imigangatho efanelekileyo yabasebenzi, neenkonzo ezisisiseko ezifumaneka rhoqo ezifana namanzi ahambayo acocekileyo kunye nombane. Kwezinye zezi zibonelelo, ulawulo luyalambatha kwaye ukuziphatha kwabasebenzi kufunwa ukuphuculwa.
Kwimfundo, siye sabona ukwehla kwirashiyo katitshala: umfundi; phantse ufikelelo ibe lufikelelo oluvuleleke kuwonke-wonke ngokobhaliso kumgangatho wezikolo zamabanga aphantsi, kunye nokuphucuka kwinani labafundi abaphumelela imathematika, ukuxela imizekelo embalwa.
Kwangaxesha nye, kwenziwe umzamo omkhulu wokuphucula izakhiwo kwimimandla ehluphekayo.
Ukongeza, intsingiselo ekusebenzeni, ngokokufundisa kunye nokufunda, ibonisa ukuzinga kokohlukana ngokwezentlalo kwangaphambili.
Okuphoxayo kukuba, apho imfundo ifuneka ngamandla ekuncedeni ekupheliseni ubuhlwempu, kulapho kungekho khona izibonelelo zokusebenza, ulawulo kunye nootitshala.
Iinkqubo zentlalo zikarhulumente nazo zikuphucule okusisiseko kwabahluphekayo ngokohlobo lwezindlu ngeenkxaso ezi-2,6-zezigidi ezinikiweyo.
Kakade kufuneka sivume ukuba inkqubo yolwabiwo lomhlaba ngokunjalo nenkxaso yasemva kwalo ngabe iphethwe ngcono nangokukhawuleza.
Xa kukonke, sinebhongo ngenkqubela kwiinkqubo zethu zentlalo. Kodwa ngeke sizonelise ngotshintsho nje oluninzi.
Nokuba kwimfundo, impilo, kwezezindlu, amanzi nogutyulo, umbuzo ongundoqo esijongana nawo yonke imihla ngowokuba siwuphucula njani na umgangatho wezi nkonzo! Koko isende indlela ekusafuneka siyihambe.
Isibetho solwaphulo-mthetho sihleli sisisibetho esingundoqo wokungakhuseleki kubemi boMzantsi Afrika. Amava emihla ngemihla, kwiindawo ezihluphekayo nezityebileyo ngokufanayo, yenye yezinto ezixhalabisayo kuba kuhlala kunokwenzeka kube khona uhlaselo olunobundlobongela.
Kakade, izinga lolwaphulo-mthetho xa lulonke, njengokuba lalonyukile ngo-2002, lehlile ngokugaguqukiyo. Zonke iintlobo zinokoyanyaniswa zingqinele oku.
Kodwa siyazi ukuba ukwehla akukhawulezanga kakhulu, hayi nangezinga le-7-10% ebesizibekele lona kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho. Into yokuba izehlo zophango olunobundlobongela emizini kunye nakumashishini zinyukile, kwaye ulwaphulo-mthetho olubhekiswe kwabasetyhini nasebantwaneni lungadanjiswanga ngawo nangawaphi na amanyathelo abonakalayo, ngumba okhathaza kakhulu ke lowo.
Oku kukhomba kubuthathaka kubumelwane bethu, ingakumbi ekwakhiweni kokubambana kwimbumba yamanyama kuluntu okuya kusinceda ukuba sithintele kwaye silwe ulwaphulo-mthetho. Oku kukhomba ubuthathaka kwindlela yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho, ukusukela ekuphandweni kwamatyala ukuya ekolulekweni kwaboni. Ikhomba ubuthathaka ekusebenzeni ngamandla kwenkqubo yeenkundla, ngokobugcisa kunye nezinye izakhiwo kunye nolawulo.
Le yimiba yenkqubo yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho ebanzi elungiswe ngokutsha eqalileyo ukuyilungisa.
Kananjalo, ekuzihlabeni amadlala, kufuneka singalahlekani nento yokuba into esiyihlolayo yinkqubo eyonwabela, kakhulu, ukuba semthethweni okwake kwehla elizweni lethu.
Oku kungenxa yotshintsho olwenziwe ngala maziko, ngokwemigaqo-nkqubo yawo ngokusekelwe kwinkcubeko yamalungelo oluntu, ukwakhiwa kwawo ngokwedemografi, kunye neenkqubo zawo zokuthathela kuwo uxanduva.
Kodwa masingazikhohlisi: kuba ngobomi bethu xa bubo ke bentlalo, utshintsho olunjalo lusekumabakala asakhulayo. Isende indlela ekusafuneka siyihambe.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba amaLungu aBekekileyo ayakuvuma ukuba uluntu lolawulo olwazelelayo lwedemokhrasi yethu lunokufumana intsingiselo ukuya kuma apho sinika khona ingqalelo kwabona bangakhuselekanga kuluntu.
Ngokuphathelene noku, siye saqinisekisa ukuba iinzame eziluqilima ziyenziwa ukuphucula iimeko zabantwana, abasetyhini, abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye nabadala oko kusenziwa ngomthetho kunye namaphulo.
Ngamaphulo enkxaso kwaye nangenxa yokubambisana esiye sakwenza kunye nemibutho emele la maqela abuthathaka, siye sakuphucula ukuqonda okujikeleze imiba ewachaphazelayo kwaye kwakhuthazwa ngenkqubela ukuhlanganiswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwezi zinto zikhathazayo.
Kusenza sibe nebhongo kakhulu, umzekelo, owokuba imizi ephethwe ngabasetyhini ibe yiyo efumana isabelo esikhulu kune-avareji somvuzo wezentlalo kuqukwa nezindlu kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo, kunye nokuba phakathi kweenkqubo eziphumeleleyo kubekho amaphulo kugonyo kunye nezondlo zabantwana.
Ufikelelo kwingqesho kunzima kakhulu kwabasetyhini basemaphandleni, kulutsha kunye nakubantu abakhubazekileyo. Intsholongwanekagawulayo ineempembelelo kakhulu kwabasetyhini abasebatsha. Ubundlobongela obubhekiselwe kwabasetyhini nasebantwaneni buphezulu kakhulu.
Yonke le misebenzi yeyexesha elizayo.
Le ke yenye yenkqubela eze nedemokhrasi, kunye nenkqubela eyenziwe ngurhulumente ekufezekiseni igunya labavoti.
Akukho mpikiso yokuba, ngawo nawaphi na amanyathelo, inkqubela eyenziwe ukusukela ngo-1994 iyakhuthaza. Kodwa akunakubakho mathandabuzo okuba isemininzi imiceli-mngeni esekhona.
Ndiyihambile loo ndlela inde iya enkululekweni. Ndizamile ukuba ndingagevezeli, ndiye ndakhubeka endleleni. Kodwa ndiye ndafumanisa imfihlo yokuba emva kokonyuka intaba ende, umntu uye afumanise ukuba ziseninzi ezinye iintaba ekusafuneka azinyuke. Ndithathe umzuzu apha wokuba ndiphumle, ukuba ndijonge okuhle okundijikelezileyo, ndijonge emva kumgama esele ndiwuhambile. Kodwa ndinokuphumla nje umzuzwana, kuba inkululeko iza neemfanelo, kwaye andinakuzilibazisa, kuba uhambo lwam olude alukapheli.
Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukusuka ngoku abantu bezwe lethu bayakubhengeza iinkokheli abazifunayo ukuba ziqhubele phambili umsebenzi omhle walo mlweli nkululeko mkhulu kangaka kunye nabanye abaseki bedemokhrasi yethu.
Ngexa iindlela esizisebenzisayo zinokwahluka, iinjongo ekufuneka sijolise kuzo zicacile kwaye zibekwe ngokungaxandanga kuMgaqosiseko wethu: yeyokudala indawo yabantu emanyeneyo, engenalo ucalulo, engacaluli ngokwesini, enedemokhrasi nenempumelelo edlala indima entle ekwakheni ilizwe elingcono.
Kwiminyaka emithandathu edlulileyo, iinkokheli zabantu bethu zaye zahlangana kunye kwiNgqungquthela yoPhuhliso nokuKhula zaze zafikelela kwisivumelwano ngemisebenzi ekufuneka sonke siyenze ukuphucula ubulunga bobomi babemi boMzantsi Afrika, ingakumbi ekwehliseni ngesiqingatha intswelangqesho kunye nobuhlwempu ngo-2014.
Namanyathelo athathwa kwingingqi kunye nophumezo lophuhliso, kuqukwa nolungiselelo lwezakhiwo kunye nofikelelo kwiinkonzo ezisisiseko.
Ndiqinisekile, ukuba, njengenxenye kunye nokongeza, kwezi njongo abeMi boMzantsi Afrika ngeke bohluke ngokuphathelene nemfuno yokuphucula inkqubo yethu yemfundo; ukunika ukhathalelo lwempilo olwaneleyo, oluphucukileyo nolunobulungisa, ukuphuhlisa imimandla yethu yasemaphandleni kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuselo lokutya; kunye nokomeleza umlo ochasene nolwaphulo-mthetho norhwaphilizo.
Ndibala le miba hayi ngenxa yokuba iquka konke okanye ngenxa yokuyibala siyakulungisa zonke izinto ezingalunganga kuluntu lwethu. Kunoko, ndikhethe ukwenza oko ukugxininisa into yokuba uMzantsi Afrika awehlelwa bubuhlwempu bemithetho-siseko. Umceli-mngeni wethu kukuguqulela le mithetho-siseko ube ziinkqubo neeprojekithi zophunyezo olusebenzayo.
Le mithetho-siseko ingqinwa phantse lulo lonke uluntu, njengoko ibonisiwe kwiiNjongo zoPhuhliso zesiGaba seXesha leWaka leMinyaka seZizwe eziManyeneyo.
Kwaye kananjalo uluntu namhlanje lujongene nengozi yokuba ukuphunyezwa kwezi njongo kunokumiselwa elinye ixesha ngeminyaka emininzi, xa ingengomashumi eminyaka, njengesiphumo sobunzima bezoqoqosho obujikeleze ilizwe xa lilonke.
Into, eyaqala ehlabathini, njengobunzima bezoqoqosho kumaziko ambalwa abolekisa ngemali yaye yagcwala ihlabathi lonke, yaba neziphumo ezibi kwiimveliso ezisisiseko nakurhwebo.
Sinokukuhlaba amadlala ukunyoluka, ixesha elifutshane kunye nokungabi nankathalo kwabaphathi beenkampani ezinkulu ezenze ukuba ubunzima bukhawuleze. Singayigxeka imigaqo-nkqubo yoorhulumente eye yangakujongi okungundoqo kwaye yanika iimvume ezinokunyoluka zeemalike ezingalawulwayo ukuba zibange umonakalo kwiinkqubo zezimali. Sinokukwenza konke oku; kwaye siyakungqinelwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngexa umsebenzi wethu ongundoqo nekufuneka wenziwe ngoku ikukuzibulela iziphumo zolu phuhliso kuqoqosho lwethu kunye nakummandla wethu, ngoku kufuneka siveze iimpendulo eziya kunciphisa iimpembelelo zalo ingakumbi kuloo macandelo abuthatha oluntu lwethu.
Into esiyaziyo kukuba okusingqongileyo okulawulayo elizweni lethu kunye nomgaqo-siseko wengeniso zemali ochasene nokungazinzi koqoqosho esiye sayamkela iye yasinceda ukuphepha iimpembelelo ezimbi zobu bunzima.
Kodwa siqonda sonke ukuba, ngenxa yokuba sihlanganiswe ngamandla kuqoqosho lwelizwe, imfuno yempahla yethu ethunyelwa ngaphandle yehlile; ufikelelo kwizimali kunye nokungena kwenkunzi kuye kwajika kwamandundu; imfuno esezantsi iye yawisa imveliso; ukudalwa kwemisebenzi kuchaphazeleke kakubi kwaye kwamanye amacandelo udendo luye lwenzeka ngokwenene.
Obu bunzima buye bangqamana nexesha apho ukuhla nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye namazinga enzala ebese phezulu kakhulu.
Ludityanisiwe, olu phuhliso, lwenza iingeniso esizifunayo zokwandisa ulungiselelo lweenkonzo kunye nokuphumeza iiprojekithi zezakhiwo zethu. Nakuba kunjalo, siye sanyanzeleka ukuba sehlise iingqikelelo zethu ngokokukhula kunye nokudalwa kwemisebenzi.
Siyazi nathi ukuba uMzantsi Afrika awuchaphazelekanga ngokumandundu kangako kunamanye amazwe amaninzi. Ngokwenene, ngexesha elo amanye amazwe ebehlelwe okanye ejonge ukuwa, uMzantsi Afrika kunye nenxenye yelizwekazi basakulungele ukukhula, nokuba kungezinga elincinane na.
Ngokuphathelene noku, Malungu aBekekileyo, ndinovuyo lokunixelela ukuba ukudibana okuphakathi kwe-ofisi kaMongameli kunye neenkokheli zamaqabane ezentlalo awohlukeneyo, savumelana ngokuhlangeneyo ukuba siyile iindlela eziya kunciphisa obu bunzima kuluntu lwethu.
Okokuqala, urhulumente uyakuqhuba ngeeprojekithi zakhe zotyalo-mali kuwonke-wonke, xabiso lazo elo ke linyuke laya kuma kwizigidi zezigidi ezingama-R690 kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo. Ngokuphathelene noku, apho kukho khona imfuneko siyakuyila iindlela zokunyusa imali.
Oku kuyakuquka inkxaso evela kumaziko ethu ophuhliso kunye nenkxaso yemali-mboleko evela kwii-arhente zamazwe ngamazwe, ngokunjalo nobambiswano kunye necandelo labucala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ezilawulwa ngabasebenzi ezifana neengxowa-mali zomhlalaphantsi.
Okwesibini, siyakwenza kuqine iinkqubo zengqesho kwicandelo likarhulumente. Kwelinye icala, amacebo okwandisa ingqesho kumacandelo afana nelempilo, lentlalontle, imfundo kunye nee arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho aya kuqhuba. Kwelinye icala, siya kukhawulezisa ukungena kwesigaba esilandelayo seNkqubo yeMisebenzi kaRhulumente eYandisiweyo.
Okwesithathu, amanyathelo okuthomalalisa anokuqalwa kwicandelo labucala ukuze kuchaswe ukwehla okugqithisileyo kutyalo-mali kunye nokuvalwa okungeyomfuneko kweendawo zeemveliso okanye imizi mveliso.
Ngokwecala lakhe, urhulumente unokukhuthaza amaziko alungiselela ukuxhaswa kwamashishini kunye nezinto eziza kwenza umtsalane ukunceda ekujonganeni nemiceli mngeni kumacandelo awohlukeneyo, kunye nokunceda aphuhliso ezimali ukuba ancede iifem ezisebunzimeni ngenxa yobunzima bezimali.
Kuyakujongwa ezinye iindlela kunokuba kudendwe, kuqukwa iiholide ezinde, uqeqesho olongeziweyo, imisebenzi yexesha elifutshane nekwabelwana ngayo. Oku kuyakudityaniswa nokuphakanyiswa kwephulo lokuba neQhayiya ngokuba ngowaseMzantsi Afrika kunye namanyathelo angqongqo kwizinto ezingeniswa elizweni ngokungekho mthethweni.
Okwesine, urhulumente uyakugcina kwaye andise inkcitho yentlalo, kuqukwa nokolula ngokuqhubekayo inkxaso-mali yesondlo sabantwana abaneminyaka eli-18 yobudala kunye nokwehlisa iminyaka yokufanelekela umhlalaphantsi iye kuma-60 emadodeni.
Ukongeza, siyakusebenzisa ngokungaphaya iNkxaso yokuNika isiQabu kwiNtlupheko eNtlalweni kunye namanyathelo okhuselo lokutya kwaye kwakhona sijolise kwabo mhlawumbi bangekho phantsi kokhuselo lweNgxowa-mali ye-Inshurensi yokungaSebenzi okanye abo bazisebenzise bazigqiba izibonelelo zabo.
Siyakuqhuba kwakhona sinika ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kumceli mngeni wokuziphatha okungafikelelekiyo ngakwicala lezinye iinkampani zethu. Ngokuphathelene noku, singathanda ukwenza isindululo sokuba iKomishini yoKhuphiswano ibe nesandla esiqinileyo esibonisayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba aboni bayabanjwa.
Siyathemba ukuba uluntu luyakunyusa eyawo imigangatho yobutsha ntliziyo ukuqinisekisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba njengoko amaxabiso ezinto esehla, iziqhamo ziviwa ngabemi xa bebonke.
La manyathelo ayakuvuselelwa yimithetho-siseko yomgaqo-siseko wengeniso zemali ochasene nokungazinzi koqoqosho. Koko, siyakuqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba okuboleka enziwa ngurhulumente anobulumko kwaye agciniwe. Oku kukwaquka nokwehliswa ngokukhawuleza kwamanqanaba etyala karhulumente nanini iimeko zisiba ngcono.
Iinzame zethu ziyakuvuselelwa kukwazi ukuba amanyathelo okukhusela okusingqongileyo kunye nokudambisa iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu nawo anokufaka isandla ekudalweni kwemisebenzi.
Kwiintlanganiso ze-G20 kunye nezinye iindibano kumaziko ahlangeneyo urhulumente wethu uye walwela ukubandakanyeka okufanelekileyo nokungamandla ingakumbi kumazwe aphuhlileyo apho ubunzima buqale khona kwaye bumandundu khona. Siyakholwa ukuba lifikile ixesha lokwandisa umthetho wasekhaya kunye nokuhlola inkqubo yezimali, kodwa ngaphaya koku, uqwalaselo kunye namanyathelo kwisikeyile samazwe ngamazwe akwenzekanga ukuba aphetshwe kwaye aba yimfuneko.
Okubalulekileyo, kufuneka kwakhona sikhusele indlela yorhwebo yehlabathi, sigqibe uthetha-thethwano oluqhubayo ngoku kwi-Doha Round yothetha-thethwano lorhwebo lwehlabathi, kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba uncedo alwehliswa.
Isifundo esibophelelayo esivela kula mava sesokuba sifuna ubambiswano oluluqilima phakathi kwabo kukho indima abayidlalayo kwezoqoqosho kwisikeyile sasekhaya nesamazwe ngamazwe, hayi kuphela ukususa iimpembelelo zobunzima, kodwa kwakhona ukuthatha amanyathelo anokuthintela ukwenzeka kwakhona.
Kwilizwe lethu, siyakwenza le misebenzi njengenxenye yenkqubo yokubeka uluntu lwethu kwindlela ephezulu yokukhula kunye nophuhliso. Ubude bexesha ngokubhekisele ekufumaneni indlela ephezulu inokuba yolulekile ngandlela thile. Kodwa asithandabuzi ukuba liza kufika msinyane elo thuba kunokuba lifike sekudlule ixesha.
Ngokuphathelene noku, indlela esilimisa ngayo ilizwe lethu ukuba lithathe amathuba eza kwicala lethu, iya kubaluleka kakhulu. Apha ke ndibhekisela kakhulu kwiNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA yango-2010 ngokunjalo neNdebe yoManyano eza kuba kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukusuka ngoku. Phantse zonke iiprojekithi kunye namacebo zigqityiwe okanye sele ziza kugqitywa ukusuka kumabala ezemidlalo, izakhiwo zothutho, amanyathelo okhuseleko, imiba yeendawo zokuhlala, ukuya kumacebo empilo nemfuduko oko kuqinisekisa ukuzithemba kommandla webhola ekhatywayo yamazwe ngamazwe okuba owethu umnyhadala uya kuba nempumelelo.
Kwaye sikholelwa ekubeni, emva kokuphumelela kahlanu ngokulandelelana, iqela lesizwe lebhola ekhatywayo ngoku lizithemba ngokungaphaya kwaye lizilungiselela ukudlala ngokungaphaya kunokulindelekileyo!
Kodwa ngaphaya koku, ilifa lokwenene lalo mnyhadala liya kuba sekubeni nako kwethu ukubonisa uMzantsi Afrika nobubele base-Afrika nobuntu ukutshintsha kanye indlela ilizwe lethu kunye nelizwekazi lethu elibonwa ngayo ngabantu behlabathi. Oko kuxhomekeke kuthi sonke, kwaye ngoko ngeke sifake xabiso!
Sikwathi halala kumaqela ethu ezemidlalo aye aligcina iphupha loMzantsi Afrika lokufuna ukugqwesa kunyaka ophelileyo. Imbeko yethu ekhethekileyo iya kwiqela lethu lekhrikethi elinyuke laya kuma emanqwanqweni aphezulu ehlabathi.
Ngokwenene siziiNtshatsheli zeNdebe yeBhola yoMbhoxo yeHlabathi; u-Giniel de Villiers neqela lakhe baphumelele i-Dakar Rally; Abadlali bethu abakhubazekileyo baqhubile ukusenza sibe nebhongo, kwaye iqela lethu lebhola ekhatywayo labaminyaka ingama-20 baqhube kakuhle kwimidlalo ebinokhuphiswano ngokugqithisileyo.
Kwiiveki nje ezimbini eziphelileyo, uMzantsi Afrika ugqibezele neMali uvimba wokulondoloza imibhalo-ngqangi yakudala ye-Timbuktu.
Le ndyebo ityebe kangaka ikhomba e-Afrika njengemqondiso wezenzululwazi noncwadi, ifilosofi norhwebo, oluphazanyiswa lurhwebo ngamakhoboka kunye nokungxamela ukufumana yase-Afrika.
Eli phulo kufuneka lisikhuthaze ekubeni sisebenze kumboniso kunye namanye amazwe akwilizwekazi lethu kwaye libonise ngokungaphaya ngcono imeko yoluntu.
Ngokwenene, kwiminyaka eli-15 elidlulileyo khange sizilibazise iinzame zokuqinisekisa ukuba i-Afrika ivuselelwa ngendlela yokuba ibe yintoni kanye ekufuneka kusetyenzwe ngayo kwiNkulungwane ye-Afrika. Kancinane kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo, ilizwekazi lethu liqhubela phambili libhekise ekuvuselelweni ngokutsha, kunye nomdla wabantu balo unyuka usiya phezulu kwii-ajenda zeenkokheli zabo, oko ke kubethelela ithemba kunye nokomelela kwalo kwibakala lehlabathi.
Koku, kwaye koku kuphela, kufuneka sithi gqolo ukunceda abantu baseZimbabwe ukuba bafumane isisombululo sexesha elide kwintlekele ekwelo lizwe. Ngokuphathelene noku sinqwenela ke ukuthi halala kumaqela onke e-Zimbabwe ngokufikelela kuthetha-thethwano, ngokufezekisa elona bhaso lokugqibela ebelihleli lingumnqweno wabantu belo lizwe kunye namazantsi elizwekazi ngokubanzi: oko kukuthi, urhulumente ozinzileyo nosemthethweni osele uzilungiselele ukulungisa imiceli-mngeni ejongene nabantu. Sikhuthazeke kakhulu kukuba, izolo, iPalamente yase-Zimbabwe iye yaphumeza uHlaziyo lwe-19 loMgaqo-siseko, elithi thaca isiseko sokumiswa kukarhulumente oquka abantu bonke.
Ngokuphathele noku singakhankanya ngokukhethekileyo umququzeleli we-SADC, owayesakuba nguMongameli Thabo Mbeki kunye neqela elisebenze ngokungadinwayo nangomonde ekwenzeni ukuba inkqubo ibe nesiphelo esinempumelelo.
Ngoku umsebenzi wokwakha ngokutsha unokuqala ngamandla kwaye uMzantsi Afrika sele ukulungele ukunceda naphi na xa unako. Ngokunxulumene noku, kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo yokunceda kule ntlekele ijongene noluntu kweliya lizwe. Sinethemba lokuba, kuba luyakhathala, uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe luya kuzimanya nabantu base-Zimbabwe njengoko beza kuhamba indima entsha.
Sikwakhuthazwa nakukuba, nantoni na engenayo kunye neqalayo inokubonakala isenza inkqubela kubantu base-Democratic Republic of Congo endleleni yabo eya kuzinzo nasempumelelweni, loo nkqubela ayinakutshintshwa.
Ubambiswano olusanda kwenziwe kutsha nje phakathi kweenkokheli zase-DRC nase-Rwanda lunika ithemba lenkqubela kwimiba yokhuselo kunye nasekusebenzeni ngeentlekele ezijongene noluntu; kodwa, ngethemba, kwakhona ngokuphathelene nengxoxo yezopolitiko. Kwakula manyathelo manye, siyakuqhuba sisebenza namanye amazwe kunye neManyano ne-Afrika ukufezekisa ezi njongo e-Burundi, Sudan, Ntshona Sahara, Cote d'Ivoire, Somalia nakwenye indawo.
Njengoko sinokungqinelwa luphuhliso olwahlukeneyo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, uMzantsi Afrika uya kusebenzisa ilungelo elikhethekileyo lokuchophela i-SADC ukwandisa eli ziko lommandla libaluleke kangaka, ngogxininiso olukhethekileyo ngophumezo lwezisombululo zeNgqungquthela kunye nokolula umanyano olusisicwangciso sommandla.
Kwangaxesha nye siyakuphucula ukunxibelelana kwe-SADC kunye neMarike eQhelekileyo yaseMpuma kunye nakumaZantsi e-Afrika kunye noluNtu lwe-Afrika eseMpuma.
Ngeli thuba sinqwenela ukuthi halala kubantu kunye neenkokheli zase-Zambia, Ghana naseMelika ngonyulo olube yimpumelelo kakhulu olude lwavala nemida emnxinwa kumazwe abo.
Siyakuhlala sifuna ukuyandisa intsebenziswano nalamazwe kunye namanye amazwe kuba silandela okulungileyo eluntwini.
Sinelungelo elikhethekileyo lokuba kulo nyaka sibe sigqiba ishumi leminyaka lokuqala lobudlelwane bethu bezozakuzo kunye ne-Peoples Republic of China. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo kuye kwacaca nangaphambi koko ukuba kuninzi okunokuzuzwa macala kubudlelwane bethu.
Sikwathanda ukuqinisela ukuzibophelela kwethu kubudlelwane obusondeleyo esiye sabenza ne-Brazil kunye ne-India oko sikwenza nge-IBSA; kunye kwakhona nobudlelwane ilizwe lethu elibenze ne-Russia, kunye namazwe ase- Asia, kuMbindi Mpuma, ngokunjalo nase-Latin nakumNtla Melika.
Kumathuba amaninzi siye savakalisa ukukhathazeka kwethu ngenxa yokuzinga kwembambano kuMbindi Mpuma jikelele ingakumbi kwaSirayeli nasePalestina. Ukuba nzulu kokuphoxeka kwethu ekunyukeni kwembambano kunye nelahleko enkulu yobomi, ingakumbi abantu abangekho mkhosini kuqukwa abantwana, abasetyhini nabantu abadala ngokwenene akunakuchazwa.
Ayikho nje into enokuthethelelwa kwizenzo ezinjalo zokonakalisa nezobundlobongela. Kwaye siyathemba ukuba ngoku, iinzame ezivuselelweyo zoluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe zokuza nesisombululo esiya kuhlala ixesha elide ziya kuba neziqhamo kwesi sihlandlo, ukuze amaSirayeli namaPalestina abe noxolo nokhuseleko njengabamelwano ekwinkululeko yemimandla yabo.
Sithi halala ngokungaphaya kurhulumente kunye nabantu base-Cuba ngesi sikhumbuzo sama-50 sokufumana inkululeko yabo, ngayo, babe nenkululeko yokukhetha indlela yabo yophuhliso.
Siye sanako kunyaka ophelileyo ukugqibezela uthetha-thethwano neManyano yaseYurophu ngesicwangciso sobambiswano lwethu; siyathemba ke ukuba umoya owenza oko kudibana uyakuhlala ukhona xa sigqibezela uthetha-thethwano olumacala kwiziVumelwano zokuBambisana kwezoQoqosho kunye namazwe akummandla wethu.
Sijonge phambili ekuloluleni ngokungaphaya olu bambiswano xa siza kube sisingethe iNgqungquthela ye-EU eMzantsi Afrika ngasekupheleni kwalo nyaka.
Sikunye namanye amazwe asemaZantsi siyakuqhuba silandela ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kweZizwe eziManyeneyo, iNgxowa-mali yezeMali yamaZwe ngamaZwe, kunye namanye amaziko amaninzi ukuze abonise amazwe ngamazwe atshintshileyo natshintsha ngokwenene kwaye asebenza ngendlela enedemokhrasi, enobulungisa nengafihliyo.
Sikwazibophelela nasekuhlangabezaneni neenjongo zezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, kuqukwa ne-Kyoto Protocol kunye nabo balandelayo kuyo oko kusenzelwa izizukulwana zexa elizayo phakathi kwabantu bethu kunye nabantu behlabathi.
Iinzame zethu yimithetho-siseko emibini esisiseko eyile: imfuno kuthi yokuphumeza igunya elanikwe lo rhulumentehe ngo-2004; kunye nokubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente oza kungena emva konyulo ufumana umgangatho osele ulungele ukuphumeza ezi nkqubo ngaphandle kolibaziseko olungafanelekanga.
Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo de ibe lunyulo lwesizwe nolwamaphondo, siza kuzama ukugqibezela elo gunya laziwa kakhulu.
nokuququzelela iinkqubo ezijolise ekolulweni kwezinto eziphathelene nolingano ngokwesini ezifana nokumelwa okungama-50/50 kumaqumrhu awenza izigqibo, uphuhliso lolutsha, amalumgelo abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye namalungelo abantwana kuqukwa nokugqibezela iindibano kuMgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe woluTsha, ukulungiselelwa kokuphunyezwa kweTshata yeSizwe yase-Afrika yakube ilungisiwe yiPalamente, kunye nokumisa i-Arhente yeSizwe yoPhuhliso loluTsha; ukungenisa iProtokoli ye-SADC kwiSini noPhuhliso ePalamente, ukolula inkxaso kumalungelo abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye nokwandisa inani loomasipala ukuba bamisele iiNdawo ezibalulekileyo zamaLungelo abaNtwana ziye ngaphaya kwama-60% akhoyo ngoku.
Ezi kunye nezinye iinkqubo, kuqukwa kweenkonzo ezingundoqo ezachazwa kwiNtetho eyeNzela iSizwe ePalamente kweyoMdumba ophelileyo, zenza uqilima lwemizamo yethu yokuligqiba igunya elaziwayo zize zibeke isiseko sexa elizayo.
Siyakuzenza zibe namandla kakhulu iinzame zethu sikhuthazwa yinzondelelo, ithemba nokomelela kwabantu boMzantsi Afrika ekulandeleni oko kulungele thina xa sisonke. Oku, kungundoqo, kungumthombo wokuzithemba kwethu xa sisithi isizwe sikwimo entle. Idemokhrasi yethu isempilweni, ikhula kancinane ngokomeleleyo.
Ngoko ke, ngamagama alowo wayesakuba nguMongameli Mandela, [thina] kufuneka singasaleli emva, kuba uhambo [lwethu] olude alukapheli.
<fn>StateoftheNation.2010.2010-05-24.xh.txt</fn>
Dumelang, molweni, goeie naand, good evening, sanibonani nonke emakhaya!
Siyavuya ukuba nani ngobubusuku bubaluleke kangaka.
Ndimi phambi kwakho ngobu busuku, sekuyiminyaka ingama-20 ukususela mhla uMongameli Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela waphumayo eluvalelweni. Sikhethe olu suku njengosuku lokubiza leNdibanisela yeziNdlu zePalamente ukuze ndinikezele ngeNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe, ukubhiyozela imbali eyaguqula ilizwe lethu.
Ukukhululwa kukaMadiba kwabangelwa yimizabalazo engahexiyo yabantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Ababesakuba ngamabanjwa opolitiko neenkonde ezikunye nathi apha bayibona loo nto kuba nabo babeyinxalenye yaloo nkqubo. Ngokuqinisekileyo uya kukhumbula ukuba abantu beli lizwe ngokobuninzi babo, kwiindibanisela ezahluka hlukeneyo, balisabela ngokuzinikela ikhwelo lokwenza eli lizwe ukuba lingalawuleki nocalu-calulo lungasebenzi.
Olu suku silubhiyozela sikunye nabo babesakuba ngamabanjwa opolitiko nesithe sabamema ngokukodwa ukuba babe kunye nathi. Sibamkela ngokukodwa abo basuka kumazwe angaphesheya ukuze babe kunye nathi, uHelene Pastoors, uMichael Dingake baseBotswana, uMnu Andimba Toivo ya Toivo weSwapo eNamibia. Sinovuyo ukuba iqela lezomthetho kwityala lokuNgcatsha uMbuso laseRivonia libe likunye nathi - uLord Joffe, ongumhlali waseLondon sithethe nje kunye noJaji Arthur Chaskalson.
Sikwakhumbula simnika nembeko uMnu Harry Schwarz, nothe ngelishwa wasweleka kule veki iphelileyo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ebelilungu leqela elimele abamangalelwa kwityala laseRivonia. Sidlulisa umbulelo wethu kubahlobo bethu namaqabane wamazwe ngamazwe, ngokuthi bancedisane nathi ngamaxesha onke xa besilwela ukuzuza inkululeko yethu.
Samkela ngokukodwa usapho lakwaMandela. Bathe baba luphawu lokuzenza idini kwabaninzi abathi babulaleka phantsi kwengqumbo yocalucalulo.
Sibulisa iinkokheli zeqela elilawulayo kunye nembumba yaMahlakani yalo, ekungumsitho owodwa kubo lo.
Ngale mini ikhethekileyo, kufuneka siqaphele negalelo labo babe kubunkokheli be-Nationa Party, nabathe ekugqibeleni babona ukuthi ucalucalulo alunakamva. Ndivumeleni ndithethe ngendima eyadlalwa ngowayesakuba nguMongameli u-PW Botha.
Yaba nguye owavula iingxoxo ezimalunga nokukhululwa kwamabanjwa opolitiko. UMongameli uBotha ngokusebenzisana nowayesakuba nguMphathiswa wezobuLungisa, uMnu Kobie Coetzee, nothe yena wancediswa nguGqirha Neil Barnard noMnu Mike Louw. Badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo eyakhokelela ekukhululweni kukaMadiba.
UMzantsi Afrika kufanele kwakhona uqaphele ngokupheleleyo, indima ebalulekileyo eyadlalwa ngowayesakuba nguMongameli we-ANC, uQabane Oliver Tambo, nowathi wakhela eli lizwe isisekelo sokuba ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo wenkululeko nentando yesininzi. Yaba bubunkokheli bakhe obuqaqambileyo, ukubona into isekude, nombono ocacileyo okwakhokelela ukuba i-ANC iqinise ekutyhaleleni kwisivumelwano ekubonisweneyo ngaso.
Ubulumko bakhe baphinda babonakaliswa kwisiBhambathiso saseHarare, awathi wasibhala wanguvulindlela waso kananjalo. Yaba koku okwathi kwakha isisekelo sesibhengezo esaba yimbali esenziwa nguMongameli u-FW de Klerk, kwiminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo.
Koku, uMongameli de Klerk wabonakalisa ukuba nesibindi okukhulu nobunkokheli obungahexiyo. Ngale mini ibalulekileyo, mandiqaphele kwakhona indima eyadlalwa ngongasekhoyo uNkosk. Helen Suzman.
Ixesha elide, waba lilizwi elinkenteza lodwa ePalamente, elimemeza ngotshintsho. Sikwaqaphela nendima eyadlalwa yinkokheli ye-Inkatha Freedom Party, uNkosi Mangosuthu Buthelezi, nowathi naye wamemezela ukukhululwa kukaMadiba, kwakunye nokukhululwa kwamanye amabanjwa opolitiko nokubuya kwabo babeselubhacweni.
Siphinda kwakhona umbulelo wethu osuka emazantsi entliziyo kwabezizwe ngezizwe ngenkxaso yabo engagungqiyo ekuxhaseni umzabalazo wethu. La mathuba kwimbali yethu abonakalisa amandla wethu okumanyana, nkqu nangaphezu kwazo naziphi na iimeko ezinzima, nokubeka phambili iimfuno zesizwe ngaphezu kwazo naziphi na ezinye iimfuno.
Xa sisebenzisana singenza ngcono.
Apha ekuhambeni konyaka, siza kubhiyozela ukusekwa kweManyano yoMzantsi Afrika, neyasekwa ngowe-1910. Oku kwadala umbuso olawulwa liqela elinye kungekho qela liphikisayo. Ngokuqaphelekayo, ukushiyelwa ngaphandle kwabantu abamnyama kule Manyano kwaba sesinye sezizathu eziyintloko zokusekwa kwe-African National Congress ngowe-1912. Xa siphawula lo mbhiyozo apha ekuhambeni konyaka, kufanele sibonakalise ukuba sesihambe kangakanani na njengesizwe.
"Ndimi phambi kwenu, hayi njengomprofeti kodwa njengesicaka senu bantu, esizithobileyo. Ukuzenza kwenu idini ngokungadinwayo nokobuqhawe kuko okwenze ukuba ndibe nakho ukuba lapha namhlanje. Ngoko ke iminyaka esaseleyo kubomi bam, ndiyi nikezela esandleni senu".
La mazwi ayasivuselela ukuba singaphumli side sibe siyiphumezile iminqweno nenkolelo yoluntu olukhululekileyo kwindlala nasekusweleni. Kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini ukususela ekukhululweni kukaMadiba, ilizwe lethu litshintshe ngokuncamisayo. UMongameli Mandela walimanyanisa eli lizwe phantsi kweenjongo zoMzantsi Afrika ongenacalucalulo ngokwesini, ngokobuhlanga, wentando yesininzi nohlumayo.
Njengoko sibhiyozela ukukhululwa kukaMadiba namhlanje, masiphinde sizibophelele ekwakheni ingomso eliqaqambileyo labo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika, abamnyama nabamhlophe.
Masiqhubele phambili umnqweno nenkolelo uMadiba ebehlala eyilwela ubomi bakhe bonke - umnqweno wesizwe sentando yesininzi nesikhululekileyo, apho bonke abantu bahlalisana ngokuvana namathuba alinganayo.
Sibize le ndibanisela ebusuku ukuze uninzi lwabantu kwilizwe lethu, abasebenzi nabantwana besikolo, bakwazi ukuba yinxalenye yalo msitho. Siyithandile indlela ulutsha olubonakalise ngayo umdla ngokumalunga nalo msitho.
Ngamakhulu mabini anamashumi mathandathu anesithandathu abantwana abavela kuwo onke amaphondo abathe bathatha inxaxheba kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yangaphambi-kweNtetho engoBume beSizwe malunga nendima yolutsha kumlo wokulwa nendlala.
Siyavuyisana nophumelele phambili kubo bonke, uCharlotte Le Fleur weSikolo seSekondari saseWorcester, nabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba ngomsebenzi wabo omkhulu.
Sidibana sizoku lwisana nentlekele yokubuyela umva koqoqosho lwehlabathi. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, sifumene ukudodobala koqoqosho okokuqala kwiminyaka eli-17. Le ntlekele ibangele ukuba kuqoqosho lwethu siphulukane namathuba omsebenzi engama-900 000. Uninzi lwabo baphulukene nemisebenzi ngabantu ekuxhonyekekwe kubo kwiintsapho ezihluphekileyo.
KweyoMdumba kulo nyaka uphelileyo, urhulumente, abezoshishino, abasebenzi nabameli boluntu bavumelana ngamanyathelo anokuthatyathwa ukunciphisa izinga nempembelelo yale ntlekele. Sesisebenzise amaninzi kula manyathelo. Siphumeze amanyathelo abalulekileyo okulwana nokudodobala koqoqosho kwinkcitho karhulumente, ingakumbi kwiziseko zoncedo.
Ukuqiniseka ukuba ababetheki kakhulu, senyuse inkxaso-mali yezentlalo, saza sayandisa iminyaka yabantwana abafumana iNkxaso-mali yaBantwana yayakutsho kwiminyaka engaphezulu kwe-14. Kule minyaka mithathu izayo, abantwana abongezelelweyo abazizigidi ezibini abavela kwiintsapho nemizi ehlwempuzekileyo, ababudala buli-15 ukuya kwi-18 leminyaka, bayakuxhamla kwiNkxaso-mali yaBantwana.
IQumrhu loPhuhliso lwamaShishini ibekele bucala imali ezibhiliyoni ezi-6 ukuncedana neenkampani ezisokolayo. URhulumente uvelise "isikimu seenkqubo zoqeqesho" ukunika abasebenzi ixesha lokuba bafumane uqeqesho kunokuba badendwe. La malinge omelezwe yiNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu yethu.
Isizwe siyakukhumbula ukuba kwiNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe yowama-2009, ndabhengeza ukuba iNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu eNatyisiweyo iza kudala amathuba emisebenzi engama-500 000 kweyoMnga 2009. La ngamathuba emisebenzi adalelwe ukubonelela abantu abangaphangeliyo ngomvuzo, amava omsebenzi namathuba oqeqesho.
Bemi boMzantsi Afrika, sinovuyo ukunazisa ukuba ekupheleni kweyoMnga, besesidale amathuba emisebenzi yoluntu engaphezulu kwama-480 000, into ethetha ukuthi ngama-97% yenani ebesijolise kulo. Le yimisebenzi efana neyokwakha, unakekelo lwezempilo lwasekhaya nolwasekuhlaleni, neeprojekti zokusingqongileyo. Sityumbe imimandla ethile efuna ukuphuculwa, esiza kuyisebenzisa ukuya phambili, kuquka nokuqinisekisa ngeeprojekti ezijolise kakhulu ekusekweni kwemisebenzi.
Siyayazi ukuba oku namanye amanyathelo akusoze kuyinciphise ngokupheleleyo impembelelo yokudodobala koqoqosho. Siyawubulela umoya weentsapho, wobuhlali nomsebenzi wamavolontiya ovuselela abantu abaninizi ukuba bancede abo bachatshazelwe kakhulu yile ntlekele, ngala maxesha obunzima.
Iimpawu zoqoqosho zibonisa ukuba ngoku sesidlulile kwelona xesha linzima. Uqoqosho luyakhula eMzantsi Afrika, kwaye silindele ukukhula koqoqosho okuya phambili. Iinkcukacha-manani zezemisebenzi ezikhutshwe ngoLwesibini, zibonakalisa ukuba uqoqosho ludala amathuba emisebenzi kunokuba luyivale. Kodwa ke, kuse kutsha noko, ukuba singaqiniseka ngezinga lokuphucuka. Ngoko ke, uRhulumente akakazukuyirhoxisa inkxaso yakhe. Ngoku lixesha lokuba sakhe isiseko sokukhula koqoqosho olomeleleyo ukuya phambili, nokukhula okuvelisa amathuba emisebenzi eyongezelelweyo.
Inkqubo yethu yeziseko zoncedo yexesha elide iza kusinceda sikhule ngoku khawuleza. Iinkqubo zethu zezemfundo nezakhono ziza kwandisa ukuvelisa kwethu nokukhuphisana. IsiCwangciso sokuSebenza koMgaqo-nkqubo wezoShishino wethu nengqwalasela yethu entsha kwimisebenzi efanelekileyo ngokusingqongileyo, siyakwakha ushishino olomelele ngokuthe chatha noluqesha abantu abaninzi. Inkqubo yethu yophuhliso lwamaphandle iya kuphucula imveliso yasemaphandleni, kwakunye nobomi babantu abahlala emaphandleni. Isiseko sesicwangciso-qhinga sethu sokubuyisela uqoqosho nokukhula, inkqubo yethu yotyalo-mali lwemali eyinkunzi.
Kule minyaka mithathu izayo, urhulumente uza kuchitha ama-R846 eebhiliyoni kwiziseko zoncedo zoluntu. Kwezothutho, siza kulolonga sandise uthungelwano lwethu leendlela. Siza kuqinisekisa ukuba uthungelwano lwethu lomzila kaloliwe luthembakele, luyakhuphisana kwaye ludityaniswe ngendlela engcono namazibuko wethu.
Ukuqinisekisa unikezelo mbane oluthembakeleyo, siye saseka iKomiti yabaPhathiswa kwezaMandla, ukuze baphuhlise isicwangciso semithombo esidibeneyo seminyaka engama-20.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, oku kuya kujonga ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwabavelisi bombane abazimeleyo, nokukhusela abantu abahluphekileyo kumaxabiso ombane onyukayo. Siza kuseka ulawulo lwenkqubo ezimeleyo, eyahlukileyo ku-Eskom Holdings. U-Eskom uza kuqhubekeka ukwakha amandla okuvelisa aze aphucule indlela yokulolonga izikhululo zakhe. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhuthaza uqoqosho oluquka wonke umntu, ukuncedisa nokuphuhlisa, siye saseka iBhunga lokuCebisa lokuXhotyiswa kwaBamnyama ngokuBanzi kwezoQoqosho, usihlalo walo nguMongameli.
Eyona ngqwalasela intsha ingxamisekileyo lutshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo ekufuneka ibe ngamangenelelo okudala amathuba emisebenzi yabantu abatsha. Izinga lokungaphangeli kwabantu abatsha lingaphezu kokuqonda. Kuza kwenziwa iziphakamiso zokuncedisa kwiindleko zokuqeshwa kwabasebenzi abasebatsha, ukukhuthaza iifemu ukuba ziqeshe abasebenzi abangenamava. Okunye ukwandiswa kwenkqubo yemisebenzi yoluntu nako kusendleleni.
Oku kuquka iziseko zoncedo zasekhaya neeprojekti zamaziko emfundo ephakamileyo neeprojekti zezakhono zokufunda nokubhala, unakekelo lwezempilo lasekhaya, ukunakekelwa kwezikolo namaphulo okuPhuhliswa kwabaNtwana abasaKhulayo.
Kulo nyaka uphelileyo siseke i-Arhente yoPhuhliso loLutsha yeSizwe.
Siyalele ukuba le arhente mayisebenze ngokukhawuleza ukuseka iziseko zayo, elizweni jikelele, ukuze ibe nokuncedisa ukufaka iinkqubo zophuhliso lolutsha eburhulumenteni.
Ekungeneni kolu lawulo kulo nyaka uphelileyo, saqalisa ukusebenza ngamandla ukwakha isizwe esiphuhlayo.
Sathi iya kuba sisizwe esihoyana neemfuno neminqweno yabantu, esisebenza ngcono nangokukhawuleza. Lo nyaka, wama-2010, uza kuba ngunyaka wokuba kusetyenzwe. Olona phawu lubalulekileyo kolu lawulo iza kuba kukuba luyabazi abantu ukuba bahlala phi na, luyaziqonda iimfuno zabo kwaye lusabela ngokukhawuleza. URhulumente kufuneka asebenze ngokukhawuleza, ngamandla nangcono.
Siza kulindela ukuba iiNkonzo zesiGqeba nezoLuntu ukuba ziwuthobele lo mbono. Sakha isizwe esisekelezelwe ekwenziweni komsebenzi, ngokuphucula ucwangciso kwakunye nohlolo novavanyo lomsebenzi.
Sikwafuna ukuquka amanyathelo okulingana ngokwesini kwiNkqubo yoMsebenzi kaRhulumente. La manyathelo ayakuqinisekisa ukuba abantu ababhinqileyo, abantwana nabantu abakhubazekileyo bayakwazi ukufikelela kumathuba ophuhliso. Sinovuyo ukwazisa ngendlela entsha yokusebenza kurhulumente.
Imisebenzi yamasebe iya kulinganiswa ngemiphumela, ephuhliswe ngenkqubo yethu yohlolo novavanyo lomsebenzi. Abaphathiswa abajongene nemiphumela ethile, baya kutyikitya isivumelwano sokwenziwa komsebenzi esicwangcisiweyo kuMongameli. Siza kucacisa ukuba yintoni ekufanele yenziwe, njani, ngubani, phakathi kwexesha elingakanani na kwaye kusetyenziswa wuphi umlinganiselo nayiphi imithombo.
Njengoko nisazi, sizibophelele kwiindawo zantlanu eziphambili emakuqalwe ngazo: ezemfundo, ezempilo, uphuhliso lwamaphandle novuselelo lomhlaba, ukudala umsebenzi ofanelekileyo, nokulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ukongeza, siza kusebenzela ukuphucula ukusebenza koorhulumente basekhaya, uphuhliso lweziseko zoncedo neendawo zokuhlala koluntu. Siza kwenza imisebenzi emininzi engundoqo ukujolisa ekuphumezeni le miphumela.
Ingqwalasela yethu enkulu siyibeke kwezemfundo nasekuphuhlisweni kwezakhono kwimigaqo-nkqubo yalo rhulumente. Kwinkqubo yethu yama-2010, sifuna ukuphucula amandla abantwana bethu okufunda, ukubhala nokubala kwakwiminyaka yabo yokuqala.
Asisokuze siwuphucule umgangatho wemfundo, ngaphandle kokuba senze oku. Iinjongo zethu eziphambili kwezemfundo zilula kodwa zibalulekile. Sifuna ukuba abafundi kunye nootitshala babe sesikolweni, emagumbini okufundela, ngexesha, bafunde kwaye bafundise iiyure ezisixhenxe ngosuku.
Siza kuncedisa ootitshala ngokubabonelela ngezicwangciso zemihla ngemihla zezifundo ezineenkcukacha. Abafundi, siyakuba bonelela ngeencwadi zokusebenzela ekulula ukuzisebenzisa ezifumaneka ngeelwimi ezili-11.
Ukusukela kulo nyaka ukuya phambili, bonke abafundi bebanga le-3, le-6 nele-9 baya kubhala uvavanyo lokufunda nokubhala nolwezibalo oluphononongwe ngokuzimeleyo. Sizimisele ukwandisa izinga lempumelelo kolu vavanyo lisuke kwizinga lomlinganiso ophakathi wangoku ophakathi kwama-35 nama-40% ukuya kuma-60% ngowama-2014 ubuncinane.
Iziphumo ziya kuthunyelwa kubazali ukuze bakwazi ukubona inkqubela.
Ukongeza apho, isikolo ngasinye kwizikolo zethu ezingama-27 000 ziya kuhlolwa ngamagosa eSebe leMfundo esisiSeko. Oku kuya kushicelelwa kwingxelo ebhaliweyo ezakuphicothwa. Sizimisele ukulandisa inani labafundi bematriki abalungele ukungena eyunivesithi liyokuma kwi-175 000 ngonyaka ngowama-2014. Sicela abazali ukuba basebenzisane kunye nathi ekwenzeni oku kube yimpumelelo. Siyayamkela intetho eyenziwe yimibutho yootitshala, i-NAPTOSA, SADTU ne-SAOU, xa bengqina ukuzibophelela kwabo kwiPhulo lokuFunda nokuFundisa okuseMgangathweni ukususela ekuqaleni kowama-2010.
Kufanele sidale ihlumelo kulutsha lwethu ukuqinisekisa abasebenzi abanezakhono nabakwaziyo ukusebenza ukuxhasa ukukhula nokudalwa kwamathuba emisebenzi. Ngako oko siceba ukwandisa uqeqesho lwababudala buphakathi kwe-16 - 25 kumaziko okwandisa imfundo noqeqesho. Oku kuza kusivumela ukuba sinike abo bangakulungelanga ukungena eyunivesiti ngokwemfundo, ithuba lesibini kwimfundo.
Sisebenzisana namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi abafanelekileyo bafumana uncedo lwemali, ngeSikimu soNcedo lwezeZimali lwabaFundi seSizwe.
Kwakhona sizibekele ngebhongo iinjongo eziphambili zophuhliso lwezakhono, ukuvelisa iinjineli namagcisa ongezelelweyo, nokwandisa inani lootitshala abalungele ukufundisa iziBalo neNzululwazi. Kufuneka sandise inani lolutsha olungenela uqeqesho emisebenzini kumacandelo abucala nawakarhulumente.
Omnye umphumela ongundoqo kukuqinisekisa ubomi obude nobusempilweni kubo bonke aBemi boMzantsi Afrika. Siza kuqhubekeka ukuphucula inkqubo yethu yonakekelo lwezempilo. Oku kuquka ukwakhiwa nokuphuculwa kwezibhedlele neekliniki, nokuqhubekeka ukuphucula iimeko abasebenza phantsi kwazo abasebenzi bonakekelo lwezempilo. Sizidibanise neBhanki yoPhuhliso yaseMazantsi e-Afrika ukuphucula iindlela ezisebenza ngayo izibhedlele zikarhulumente kunye nee-ofisi zazo zesithili. Kwakhona sikwasebenzisana neBhanki yoPhuhliso yaseMazantsi e-Afrika kunye neQumrhu loPhuhliso lwamaShishini, kwinkqubo yobehlulelani bukarhulumente nabezoshishino labucala ukuphucula izibhedlele nokubonelela iiprojekthi ngemali.
Kufuneka sihoyane nento yokuba ukuba ubomi obuphilwayo ukusukela ekuzalweni komntu, kwehlile ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-60 ngowe-1994 kwayo kutsho njengaphantsi kwama-50 eminyaka namhlanje. Ngoko ke senza amangenelela okunciphisa izinga lokubhubha kwabantwana abazalwayo, ukunciphisa usuleleko olutsha lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kwakunye nokunyanga ngokuvakalayo iNtsholongwane kaGawulayo nesifo sephepha. Kwakhona siza kunciphisa ukubhubha kweentsana ngenkqubo yokugonya ngokobuninzi.
Siza kubuyisela iinkqubo zezempilo ezikolweni. Siza kuphumeza zonke izivumelwano ezenziwa ngoMhla kaGawulayo weHlabathi ngokumalunga nothintelo olutsha lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo namanyathelo onyango. Umsebenzi omkhulu uyenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba lo msebenzi ugqitywa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kwakhona siza kuqhubekeka ngamalungiselelo okusekwa kwenkqubo ye-inshorensi yesizwe yezempilo.
Senza konke okusemandleni wethu ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani eMzantsi Afrika uziva ekhuselekile kwaye ukhuselekile.
Siza kuwuqhubela phambili umsebenzi wethu ukuciphisa ulwaphulo-mthetho olumasikizi nolunobundlongondlongo, nokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yezobulungisa isebenza ngokuvakalayo. Siphumeza izicwangciso zokwandisa inani lamapolisa namapolisakazi nge-10% kule minyaka mithathu ilandelayo.
Sityumbe ukulwana nokuqweqwediswa, ukukhuthuza kwasekhaya nokwamashishini, kwakunye nolwaphulo-mthetho oluphakathi komntu nomtu olufana nobugebenga, ukudlwengula nokuhlasela, njengeendawo eziphambili ekufanele kuqalwe ngazo. Sonke sinendima ekufanele siyidlalile.
Masithathe inxaxheba kumaqonga okhuseleko nabahlali. Masiyeke ukuthenga izinto ezibiweyo. Masisoloko sikulungele ukunika amapolisa ulwazi malunga nezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho.
Xa sisebenzisana siya kuloyisa ulwaphulo-mthetho.
Oorhulumente basekhaya kufuneka basebenze. Oomaspala kufuneka baphucule ubonelelo ngezindlu, amanzi, ugutyulo, umbane, ulawulo lwenkunkuma neendlela. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo besinentlanganiso noosodolophu nabaphathi boomaspala. Oku kusinike umfanekiso wemiceli mingeni oorhulumente basekhaya abajongene nayo. Kwakhona sikwatyelele neendawo abantu abahlala kuzo, kuquka neBalfour eMpumalanga neThembisa eGauteng. Emva kotyelelo lwaseBalfour, sithumele iqela loMphathiswa elimalungu alithoba ukuba lityelele lommandla ukuze lisombulule le miba ibiphakanyiswe ngabahlali.
Iliqela imiba esele ihoyiwe.
Ndiyalele ukuba abaPhathiswa mabahoyane nemiba esaseleyo. Siya phinda sithi akukho nasiphi na isikhalazo esifunisa ubundlongondlongo nokutshatyalaliswa kwempahla. Siyalele i-arhente zabezomthetho ukuba zithabathe amanyathelo aqatha kuwo nawuphi na umbodamo oseBalfour nakwezinye iindawo.
KweyoMga yama-2009, iKhabhinethi iphumeze isicwangciso-qhinga sokudala inguqu koorhulumente basekhaya. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba oorhulumente basekhaya banolawulo olufanelekileyo, izakhono zezolawulo nezobugcisa ezifanelekileyo.
Kuwo lo nyaka wokuba kusetyenzwe, masisebenzisane ukwenza oorhulumente basekhaya babe ngumsebenzi wonmtu wonke. Sijonge ekuphuculeni iindawo zokuhlala zasematyotyombeni ezimi kwindawo entle size sinikezele ngeenkonzo ezifanelekileyo nelungelo lokuhlala isigxina kwimizi engama-500 000 ubuncinane ngowama-2014. Siceba ukubekela bucala ngaphezulu kweehektare ezingama-6 000 omhlaba karhulumente osendaweni entle ukwenzela ukwakha izindlu zabo bamivuzo iphantsi nezifikelelekayo.
Iphulo elitsha elingundoqo liya kuba kukulungiselela abo bamivuzo iphezulu ukuba bangafumana inkxaso-mali karhulumente, kodwa besamkela kancinci kakhulu ukuba bangafumana imali-mboleko yebhanki eqhelekileyo yokuthenga indlu. Siza kuseka ingxowa-mali yesiqinisekiso se-R1 sebhiliyoni ukukhuthaza iibhanki zabucala necandelo lezezindlu, ukuba ziphuhlise imveliso entsha ukukhawulelana noku kufuneka kwezindlu.
Kunyaka ophelileyo sathi, abantu basemaphandleni nabo banelungelo lokuba nombane, amanzi, izindlu zangasese ezigungxulwayo neendlela.
Sathi kufanele babe neendawo zezemidlalo kunye neendawo zokuthenga ezinkulu neziphucukileyo njengezasezidolophini.
Kule meko, sisungule isiza selinge lokuqala leNkqubo yoPhuhliso oluBanzi lwaseMaphandleni eGiyani, eLimpopo, kweyeThupha kulo nyaka uphelileyo.
Ukususela ngelo xesha, ngama-231 ezindlu ezakhiweyo. Inkqubela phambili yokubonelela ngeziseko zoncedo ukuxhasa uphuhliso lwezolimo, noqeqesho lwabahlali seyenziwe nayo. Ufikelelo kumaziko ezempilo nawezemfundo sele luphuculiwe. Siphumeza iinkqubo ezifanayo kwiziza ezisixhenxe elizweni jikelele, oku kuza kuxhamlisa iwodi ezingama-21.
Ngowama-2014, sizimisele ukuba neziza kwiiwodi ezili-16. Sifuna imizi engama-60% kwezi ziza ukuba iphumeze iimfuno zayo zokutya ngemveliso yazo ngowama-2014.
Kancinci kancinci kuza kude kulunge, bantu bakuthi, kuthiwa nenkqayi iqala ngentlontlo.
Sikwafuna ukudibanisa ngcono iinkqubo zobuyiselo mhlaba nenkxaso yezolimo. Impumelelo yethu kule ndawo iya kubonakala ngokwanda kwenani lamafama ezinga elincinci athi akhule aphuhle kwezoqoqosho.
Asisilo lizwe lityebileyo kwicala lokuba namanzi. Noxa kunjalo, sisalahlekelwa ngamanzi amaninzi ngenxa yemibhobho evuzayo nokungoneli kweziseko zoncedo. Siza kuba namanyathelo esiwabekayo ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwethu ngamanzi kangangesiqingatha ngowama-2014.
Njengenxalenye yethu yokukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho, sisazama indlela yokunciphisa iindleko zoqhagamshelwano. Uluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika lungalindela okunye ukuthotywa kwamaxabiso othungelwano-maza, umnxeba weselula, umnxeba wocingo kunye namaxabiso eminxeba kawonkewonke. Siza kusebenzela ukwandisa isantya sothungelwano-maza nokuqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lenkonzo ye-Intaneti, ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yezizwe ngezizwe.
Lo rhulumente uza kuqinisekisa ukuba indalo yethu nemithombo yethu yendalo ikhuseleke kakuhle, kwaye ixhotyiswa rhoqo.
Sikunye neBrazil, i-India neChina, kwangenelela ne-United States, emele ihlabathi eliphuhlileyo, senze igalelo elincomekayo kwisivumelwano esamkelwa kwiNdibano engokuGuquguquka kweMozulu ebiseCopenhagen kweyoMnga kulo nyaka uphelileyo. Nangona singahambi ngangokuba kulindelekile nje, linyathelo elibalulekileyo ukubheka phambili kuba sibophelela onke amazwe ukuba kubekho into ayenzayo ngokuguquguquka kwemozulu.
Siza kusebenza ngokuthe chatha kunye noogxa bethu bezizwe ngezizwe sisebenzela isivumelwano esibophelela ngokusemthethweni. NjengoMzantsi Afrika, sizibophelele ngokuzithandela kwiinjongo eziphambili ezibaluliweyo zokunciphisa ungcoliseko, kwaye siza kuqhubekeka ukusebenzisa isicwangciso-qhinga sethu sokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwemozulu sexesha elide.
Siza kuqinisa amalinge wethu okuphakamisa iimfuno zoMzantsi Afrika kwihlabathi jikelele. Siza kuwaxhasa amalinge okukhawulezisa indibaniselwano yepolitiki neyoqoqosho yommandla weNkqubo yokuPhuhliswa kwaMazwe e-Afrika eseMazantsi (i-SADC), nokukhuthaza urhwebo notyalo-mali phakathi kulo mmandla. UMzantsi Afrika usaqhubekeka ukudlala indima ephambili kumalinge elizwekazi ukomeleza iManyano yamaZwe ase-Afrika kunye neziseko zayo, nokusebenzela umanyano. Siza kunikezela amandla ekuvuseleleni ubuDlelwane obuTsha boPhuhliso lwe-Afrika, njengesicwangciso-qhinga sophuhliso loqoqosho kwilizwekazi.
INkonzo kaRhulumente isabele kubizo lokwenza eli ixesha lokuqala lokusebenza msinyane nokuphuculwa komsebenzi karhulumente. Siza kulindela ukusebenza okugqwesileyo nokusebenza ngamandla. Sifuna abasebenzi bakarhulumente abakhutheleyo, abakwaziyo ukusebenza nabazikhathaleleyo iimfuno zoluntu. Urhulumente sele esebenzela uphuhliso nokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yophuhliso lwenkonzo karhulumente, oluya kucacisa indlela nomgangatho wokuziphatha kwabasebenzi bakarhulumente kuwo onke amazinga.
Siyaqhubekeka ngamalinge wethu okuncothula urhwaphilizo nenkohliso ekunikezelweni kwemisebenzi neenkqubo zeziniki maxabiso, nakwizicelo zeempepha mvume zokuqhuba, inkxaso-mali karhulumente yezentlalo namaxwebhu ezazisi, phakathi kwezinye.
Sixolile yinkqubela urhulumente ayenzayo kwezinye iindawo. Kule veki, sirhoxise iintlawulo zenkxaso-mali karhulumente yezentlalo zenkohliso ezingama-32 687, ezixabisa i-R180 lezigidi. IKomiti yethu yabaPhathiswa ejongene noRhwaphilizo isakhangela iindlela zokuloyisa luphele nya urhwaphilizo. Xa sisebenzisana singenza ngcono.
Njengoko nisazi, savelisa uMnxeba kaMongameli ongaValwayo ukwenza ufikelelo kurhulumente nakuMongameli lube lula ngakumbi kuluntu, nokunceda ukususa imiqobo ekunikezelo nkonzo. Lo mnxeba ungavalwayo ubonakalisa ukuzimisela kwethu ekwenzeni izinto ngendlela eyahlukileyo eburhulumenteni. Lo mnxeba wenze umahluko kubomi babemi boMzantsi Afrika abaninzi.
Singakhankanya uNkosk. Buziwe Ngaleka waseMount Frere, omnxeba wakhe umalunga nemali yomhlalaphantsi yomyeni wakhe ongasekhoyo waba ngowokuqala esawufumanayo ngosuku lokuqala lale nkonzo. Ukunye nathi apha ngokuhlwa nje. Kwakhona phakathi kwethu sinoMnu Nkululeko Cele, owancedakala ngokuthi afumane ixwebhu lakhe lesazisi, elathi lamenza ukuba akwazi ukubhalisa kwi-Yunivesiti yezobuGcisa yaseThswane.
La ngamabini nje kumabali amaninzi empumelelo. Kule neminye imizekelo, siqaphele ubuthakathaka ekufanele bulungiswe ngamazinga awohluka hlukeneyo aseburhulumenteni. Ngegunya likaSomlomo, siye samema igqiza lamaqela ngamaqela asePalamente ukuba atyelele eli ziko lomnxeba, ukuze amaLungu ePalamente azibonele ngokwawo umsebenzi owenziwayo.
Ndizicacisile iimpawu zezicwangciso zethu zowama-2010, isibophelelo sethu esihlangeneyo njengorhulumente kubantu baseMzantsi Afrika. INtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe inika umfanekiso ophangaleleyo wesicwangciso sethu somsebenzi. AbaPhathiswa baza kunikezela ngeenkcukacha kwiintetho zabo zoHlahlo Lwabiwo-mali lwabo olwahluka hlukeneyo.
KweyeNkanga kulo nyaka, siya kuphawula isikhumbuzo seminyaka eli-150 yokufika kwamaNdiya eMzantsi Afrika. Oku kunikeza ithuba lokuba sikwazi ukubaluleka kwegalelo elenziwe ngamaNdiya kumacandelo ezemisebenzi, ezoshishino, ezenzululwazi, ezemidlalo, ezenkolo, ezobugcisa, ezenkcubeko nempumelelo nokomeleza intando yethu yesininzi.
Mandithathe eli thuba lokuba ndivakalise kwakhona uvelwano lwethu olunzulu kuRhulumente nabantu baseHaiti ngesihelegu sentlekele ethe yabehlela. Sinovuyo lokuba amaqela wethu ezohlangulo akwazile ukuya kunceda. Ndingathanda ukuqaphela ngokukodwa omnye ummi woMzantsi Afrika osoloko ephumelela ukuya kunceda ngamaxesha entlekele, nosincedayo ukukhuthaza umoya wesizwe esikhathalayo. Siyamamkela kule ndlu namhlanje uGqr Imtiaz Sooliman weGift of the Givers.
Ukusingatha umnyhadala weNdebe yeHlabathi yeFIFA yenza owama-2010 ngokwenene ube ngunyaka wokuba kusetyenzwe. Sichithe iminyaka emininzi silungiselela leNdebe yeHlabathi. Sishiyekelwe nje ziinyanga ezintathu. Kwaye sizimisele ukuyenza ibe yimpumelelo. Iziseko zoncedo, ukhuselo namalungiselelo ezinto eziyimfuneko sele enziwe ukuqinisekisa umnyhadala oyimpumelelo.
Njengesizwe, kufanele ukuba siyibulele iKomiti yaseKhaya eQuquzelelelayo yowama-2010 ngomsebenzi wayo omhle. Sinqwenela uSihlalo wayo, u-Irvin Khoza, iGosa eliyiNtloko yesiGqeba soLawulo uDanny Jordaan kunye nomqeqeshi weBafana Bafana, uCarlos Alberto Parreira, amathamsanqa odwa kwezi nyanga zizayo.
UMongameli Mandela ube negalelo ekuncedeni ilizwe lethu ukuba linikwe amalungelo okusingatha lo mnyhadala mkhulu kangaka. Ngoko ke kufanele ukuba leNdebe yeHlabathi siyenze impumelelo enkulu njengentlonipho yokumbulela. Bantu bakuthi, nathi masilixhase iqela lethu lesizwe iBafana Bafana. Ndingomnye wabo bakholelwa ukuba iBafana Bafana iza kwenza imimangaliso. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, itikiti esandlelni bantu bakuthi!
Sonke masithenge amatikiti kuselithuba ukuze sikwazi ukuya emidlalweni.
Njengoko sibhiyozela ukukhululwa kukaMadiba namhlanje, sizibophelela ngokutsha kuxolelwano, umanyano lwesizwe, ukungabi nabuhlanga nokwakha ikamva elingcono njengabemi boMzantsi Afrika, abamnyama nabamhlophe.
Ngexesha lokuphila kwam ndinikela ubomi bam kumzabalazo wabantu abaMnyama. Ndilwile nokuthi abamhlophe babe ngentla kwezinye iintlanga, ndaza ndalwa nokuthi abamnyama babe ngentla kwezinye iintlanga.
Ndiyixabisile iminqweno yentando yesininzi nesizwe esikhululekileyo, apho bonke abantu bahlalisana ngokuvana, kwaye bafumane amathuba alinganayo. Ngumnqweno endithemba ukuba ndiyakuwuphilela, kwaye ndiwuphumeze.
" Kodwa ukuba kukho imfuneko, ngumnqweno lowo endikulungeleyo ukuwufela".
Ngokuvuselelwa sisisele sethu senyathi uMadiba, kuyinyhweba kum ukuba ndinikezele leNtetho kaMongameli engoBume beSizwe yowama-2010 kuwo onke amaqhawe namaqhawekazi wethu, adumileyo nangadumanga, awaziwayo nangaziwayo. Masisebenze kunye ukwenza lo nyaka wokuba kusetyenzwe ube yimpumelelo kwilizwe lethu.
<fn>StateoftheNationJZuma.2009.2010-05-24.xh.txt</fn>
Ngomhla wama-22 kuTshazimpuzi, izigidi zabantu baseMzantsi Afrika baphuma bayokuvota. Basebenzisa ilungelo labo lenkululeko bekhuthazwa ngumnqweno wokuguqula ubomi babo bube ngcono.
Ngobuninzi babo, bangqina ukuba xa sisebenza kunye singenza ngcono ukulwa indlala nokwakha ubomi obungcono kumntu wonke.
Bakhuthazwe ngumbono wesizwe esiquka umntu wonke, uMzantsi Afrika ongowomntu wonke, isizwe esimanyeneyo noxa singafani nje, abantu abasebenza kunye besebenzela ubuhle obukhulu bako konke.
Siziva siwongekile sisigunyaziso sabavoti esigqibeleleyo esisinikwe ngabantu belizwe lethu, abakhethe urhulumente wabo ngeyona ndlela iqinisekisayo.
Isizwe sethu kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo sidlule kwelona xesha linemiceli-mngeni enzima. Kungumbulelo ukuba sibe nenkqubo yentando yesininzi esekelezelwe kumgaqo-siseko esebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, namaziko aluqilima, ukuba masibe sizoyisile ezo nzima ngokungena magingxigingxi nangesidima.
Umsitho wanaMhlanje ngumbiyozo woko kwenza ukuba le nkululeko isebenze. Ikwangumbiyozo wenkcubeko yethu yokuqhubekeka noxanduva oludibeneyo.
Oku kungqinwa kukubakho apha phakathi kwethu kwesisele sethu senyathi uMadiba, owathi wabeka isiseko seempumelelo zelizwe, kunye nobokuba owayesakuba nguMongameli uThabo Mbeki, wathi wakha phezu kweso siseko.
Ukuqhubela phambili kucacile phantsi kwemeko yokuba owayesakuba nguMongameli uKgalema Motlanthe nguSekela Mongameli weRiphabliki ngoku, emva kwenguqu ekungakhange kubonakale nomthungo wayo, into ke leyo esenze ilizwe elilodwa ngeendlela ezininzi.
Njengoko niyiqonda into yokuba, ukulwa nendlala kulilitye lembombo kwingqwalasela karhulumente wethu.
Asisayi kuze siphumle, kwaye singasayi kugevezela, kwiphulo lethu lokuyitshabalalisa indlala.
Ukufezekisa ezi njongo, urhulumente wethu uchonge zali-10 iindawo ezibalulekileyo emakuqalwe ngazo, eziyinxalenye yeNkqubo-sikhokelo yesiCwangciso-qhinga sesiGaba sokuQala sowama-2009 ukuya kuma-2014.
Le nkqubo iveliswa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zoqoqosho.
Kulo nyaka udlulileyo sibone uqoqosho lwehlabathi lungena kwixesha lentlekele engenakuzekeliswa tu kwiminyaka yamashumi eli xesha.
Nangona uMzantsi Afrika ungekachatshazelwa ngendlela amanye amazwe amaninzi achatshazelwe ngayo, imiphumela yayo iyabonakala kuqoqosho lwethu. Singene kwimeko yokudodobala kwezinga loqoqosho.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ngoku kunakuqala ukuba sisebenze kunye kwinkqubo enye nefanayo ukuhoya le ntlekele.
Sithathe njengenyathelo lethu lokuqala inkqubo-sikhokelo yethu eyimpendulo yoMzantsi Afrika kwintlekele yoqoqosho lwehlabathi, ngokugqitywe ngurhulumente, abasebenzi nabezoshishino kweyoMdumba kulo nyaka. Kufuneka sisebenze ngoku ukunciphisa impembelelo yokukwehla kwabo bantu bangabona bahlelekileyo.
Sesiqalile ukusebenzela ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwabantu yimisebenzi. Kukho isivumelwano esingena mbophelelo phakathi kukarhulumente nabehlulelani bakhe kwezentlalo ngokuveliswa koqeqesho oluhlanganyenelweyo.
Abasebenzi ababeyakujongana nokudendwa ngenxa yokudodobala koqoqosho bayakugcinwa emisebenzini yabo ixesha elide baze baxhotyiswe ngezakhono kwakho. Iingxoxo malunga neenkcukhacha zokuba oko kuyakwenziwa njani zisaqhubekeka phakathi kwabehlulelani kwezentlalo kunye namaziko ayakuchatshazelwa ngamaphulo anjalo, kuquka nooGunyaziwe bamaCandelo eMfundo noQeqesho.
Sizakuwuxhasa umsebenzi weKomishoni yoXolelwano uLamlo nokwaHlulela (u-CCMA) ngokunceda abaqeshi nabasebenzi ngokufumana enye indlela yokwenza yeenkqubo zasemthethweni ezifanelekileyo kunokudenda.
Ukuza kutsho namhlanje, iikomishina zakwa-CCMA zisindise imisebenzi engaphezu kwamawaka amane ngeenkqubo zasemthethweni zokwenza lula, nokuqhubekeka ngokunikezela iingcebiso nenkxaso kubasebenzi abadendiweyo.
IMbumba yoPhuhliso lwamaShishini iphuhlise inkqubo yokuxhasa iinkampani ezisengxakini yezimali ngemali. Kwaye sizakuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente izinto ezininzi neenkonzo uzithenga apha ekhaya, singakhange siludelele ukhuphiswano lwethu nehlabathi okanye singakhange sinyuse iindleko ngaphaya kwezinga elamkelekileyo.
Xa sisakhela phezu kweempumelelo zemigaqo-nkqubo yethu yokungenelela kwezoshishino, kuza kuphuhliswa isiCwangciso Msebenzi soMgaqo-nkqubo wezoShishino esiphezulu.
Amacandelo akhokelayo asele etyunjiwe ngaweemoto, amachiza, awokuvelisa isinyithi, ukhenketho, impahla nokwaluka kwakunye nawamahlathi. Ukongeza apho, ingqwalasela izakubhekiswa ekuzisweni kweenkonzo eluntwini, iimveliso ezithambileyo nomsebenzi wokwakha phakathi kwamanye, ngendlela yokuzama ukudala amathuba emisebenzi efanelekileyo.
Njengenxalenye yesiGaba se-2 seNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu eNatyisiweyo, iNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu iza kukhawuleziswa. Inikezela ngelona zinga lincinci lomsebenzi warhoqo kwabo bawusweleyo, lo gama iphucula umgangatho wobomi ekuhlaleni.
Ukwehla kwezinga lezoqoqosho kuza kuchaphazela isantya ilizwe lethu elikwazi ngalo ukuhoyana nemicelimngeni yezentlalo neyezoqoqosho elijongene nayo. Kodwa ke oko akuzukuyijika indlela yethu yezophuhliso.
Imiba ebalulekileyo emakuqalwe ngayo esele siyichongile, kunye nezicwangciso esasizithe thaca phambi kwabavoti, ziyakuhlala zingundoqo kwiinkqubo zalo rhulumente. Ngomoya omhle woluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika, masibambane ngezandla sifune isisombululo kunye sisonke. Ixesha lifikile lokokuba sisebenze nzima ngakumbi.
Urhulumente wethu uza kujonga phambili, hayi ngasemva.
Amanyathelo acaciswe kwiNkqubo-sikhokelo yesiCwangciso-qhinga sesiGaba sokuQala sethu kufanele athathelwe ingqalelo iinzima ezibangelwe yintlekele yokudodobala koqoqosho. Oku kwehla akufanelekanga ukuba kubangele ukuba sizitshintshe ezi zicwangciso zethu. Endaweni yoko kufanele ukuba kusikhuthazele ekuziphumezeni ngesantya nangokuzimisela.
Le Nkqubo-sikhokelo iqwalasele za-10 iindawo ezibalulekileyo emakuqalwe ngazo.
Siyazibophelela ekubeni xa sisebenza kunye siza kukukhawulezisa ukukhula koqoqosho size siguqule uqoqosho ukuze ludale imisebenzi efanelekileyo nempiliso ezinzileyo.
Siza kuvelisa kakhulu inkqubo yokwakha iziseko zoncedo kwezoqoqosho nakwezentlalo. Siza kuphuhlisa siphumeze isicwangciso-qhinga sophuhliso lwamaphandle esibanzi esidibene novuselelo lwemihlaba nolimo kunye nokhuseleko lokutya.
Siza komeleza isiseko sezakhono sandise nenani labasebenzi. Siza kuwuphucula umfanekiso wezempilo kubo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika.
Xa sisebenza sonke kunye nabo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika, siza kuqinisela ukulwa ulwaphulo mthetho norhwaphilizo. Siza kwakha uluntu oluhlalisana ngokumanyeneyo, olukhathalayo noluzinzileyo.
Xa sisebenzisana nelizwekazi lase-Afrika kwakunye nehlabathi jikelele, siya kuba silandela ukuqhubela phambili kwe-Afrika nokomeleza intsebenziswano namazwe ngamazwe.
Siza kuqinisekisa ulawulo nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo ngokuzinzileyo.
Kwaye, xa sisebenza nabantu size sixhaswe nangabasebenzi bethu bakarhulumente, siya kwakha isizwe esiphuhlayo, siphucule iinkonzo zikarhulumente size someleze namaziko wethu entando yesininzi.
Kuluvuyo nenyhweba kum ukuba ndikhankanye iindawo ezingundoqo zomkhomba ndlela wethu.
Ukudalwa kwemisebenzi efanelekileyo kuya kuba sembindini wongaqo-nkqubo wethu wezoqoqosho kwaye kuya kuba nefuthe ekutsaleni abatyali-zimali nakumaphulo okudala amathuba omsebenzi.
Ngokuhambelana nezi zithembiso zethu, siza kuqhubela phambili ukukhulisa uqoqosho oluquka wonke umntu ngokuthe chatha.
Kulo meko, siza kusebenzisa iinkqubo zikarhulumente ezifana nokwenzelela, ukubonelela ngempepha-mvume nangenkxaso yemali ukunceda amashishini amancinci nalawo asakhulayo kwakunye nokukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokuXhotyiswa kwabaNtsundu ngokuBanzi kwezoQoqosho kunye nenkqubo yokubonelela ababevinjwe amathuba.
Oko kuphumeza kuya kwenziwa ngokwamkela imfuneko yokulungisa ukungalingani kwangaphambili.
Lo nguqu iyakwenziwa ngokuxhasa abantu ababhinqileyo, ulutsha nabantu abakhobazekileyo.
Siya kuyinciphisa imiqobo yemithetho yezolawulo kumashishini amancinci. Imeko yokucinezelwa yimithetho iphakanyiswe izihlandlo ngezihlandlo leli candela.
Ngenye indlela yokulamla ukudala imeko elula kutyalo mali, urhulumente uza kusebenzela ukuba kubekho inkqubo yobhaliso mashishini enye nedibeneyo.
Oku kuyakuphucula indlela ekuphathwa ngayo abathengi inciphise neendleko zokwenza ushishino eMzantsi Afrika.
Esinye seziqalelo zethu ezibalulekileyo kwiphulo lethu lokudala amathuba emisebenzi yiNkqubo yeMisebenzi yoLuntu eNatyisiweyo (i-EPWP). Inani lamathuba emisebenzi ebesijongise kulo ekuqaleni lesigidi esinye semisebenzi silifezile.
Isigaba sesibini sale nkqubo sijolise ekudaleni amathuba emisebenzi amalunga nezigidi ezine ngowama-2014.
Ukususela ngoku ukuya kweyoMnga wama-2009, sizimisele ukudala amathuba emisebenzi amalunga nama-500 000.
Lo gama sidala amathuba emisebenzi nawoshishino, urhulumente uyayiqonda into yokuba abanye abemi baseza kuqhubekeka ukulindela inkxaso-mali karhulumente. Inkxaso-mali karhulumente iya kusoloko iyeyona ndlela ivakalayo yokulwa indlala. Ukusukela kumhla wama-31 kweyoKwindla wama-2009, abantu abafumana inkxaso-mali karhulumente bebengaphezu kwezigidid ezili-13, abangaphezu kwezigidi ezisi-8 kubo ngabantwana.
Siyiqonda kakuhle into yokuba kukho imfuneko yokuba inkxaso-mali karhulumente siyidibanise namathuba omsebenzi okanye awoshishino khona ukuze sikhuthaze ukuzenzela phakathi kwabo bakwaziyo ukuzisebenzela ngokwasemzimbeni.
Ingakumbi nangakumbi ngeli xesha, abamelwane mabancedane.
Eli lixesha lomanyano. Masincedane njengabamelwane.
Masivumelane ukuba akukho mntwana uya kulala elambile ngenxa yokuba abazali bakhe bengaphangeli. Ukuba ngaba singamanyana sisebenze kunye, singenza ngcono.
Zindwendwe ezibalulekileyo, njengenxalenye yesicwangciso-qhinga sesibini seendawo ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka kuqalwe ngazo siza kuqhubekeka ngenkqubo yethu yokwakha iziseko zoncedo kwezoqoqosho nakwezentlalo.
ICandelo loPhuhliso lweziSeko-zoncedo likarhulumente elisanda ukuqulunqwa liya kuqinisekisa ukuba inkcitho ecetyiweyo yeziseko zoncedo yeebhiliyoni ezingama-R787 ebinikezelwe kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwalo nyaka icetyelwe ngokufanelekileyo yaza yasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo.
Le mali ikwaquka nolwabi-mali lwenkqubo yokwakhiwa kwezikolo, izithuthi zikawonke wonke eziquka nenkqubo yeebhasi eziquqa zibuyelela, ezezindlu, amanzi nogutyulo.
Enye yeeprojekthi ezinkulu zotyalo-mali kwiziseko zoncedo ikwiNdebe yeHlabathi yeBhola-ekhatywayo ye-FIFA yama-2010. Thina, njengorhulumente nesizwe ngokubanzi, sabhambathisa ukuba iNdebe yeHlabathi iya kusishiyela ilifa esiyakuzingca ngalo abayakuthi abaNtwana bethu nabahlali belizwe lethu baxhamle kulo kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo.
Sisendleleni echanekileyo yokuphumeza zonke izibophelelo zethu kwaye sizimisele ukunika ihlabathi eyona Ndebe yeHlabathi lingazange layibona.
Sime ngomumo ukumisa zonke izinto ngendlela ukwenza umnyhadala weNdebe yoManyano, eqala ngomhla we-14 kweyeSilimela, impumelelo enkulu.
KuTshazimpuzi kulo nyaka, ndanikezela isiqinisekiso kwiinkokheli zoshishino lweeteksi sokumiswa kothethathethwano olumalunga nokusebenza kwenkqubo eDibeneyo yeeBhasi eziQuqa ziBuyelela kude kube semva konyulo.
Sigqibe ekubeni masinikezele ixesha elongezelelweyo lokuhoyana ngokugqibeleleyo neenkxalabo zolu shishino. Ngomhla we-11 kweyeSilimela uMphathiswa wezoThutho uza kuqalisa iingxoxo kunye nolushishino.
Le ntlanganiso iya kuba sisiqalo sothotho lweengxoxo kunye nabo bonke abo bachatshazelwa yinkqubo ye-BRT. Sinethemba elikhulu lokuba imiba engekasonjululwa iya kuxoxwa ngendlela eya kwanelisa bonke abo bachaphazelekayo.
Oku kuya kuquka nomba obalulekileyo wokuba baya kuxhamla njani bonke kweli phulo abo bachaphazelekayo.
Olunye uphuhliso oluya kuphucula iNdebe yeHlabathi kukunikezelwa kweziseko zoncedo ezinikezela ngosasazo lwedijithali kunye nezixhobo zokusasaza ezisasaza intshukumo zamaza.
Lilonke, siza kuqinisekisa ukuba iindleko zothungelwano ngomnxeba, ngeradiyo, njalo-njalo ziya ncitshiswa ngale projekthi isendleleni yokunabisa umthamo wezamaza ngokubanzi.
Kolu phuhliso lunomdla kangaka kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba iindawo ezisemaphandleni asizishiyi ngasemva.
Njengenxalenye yophuhliso lweziseko zoncedo lwentlalo siza kubonelela ngezindlu ezimi kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo ezifikelekayo neendawo zokuhlalisa uluntu ezifanelekileyo.
Siza kuqhubeka phantsi kokuqonda ukuba iindawo zokuhlalisa uluntu azikho nje malunga nokwakhiwa kwezindlu.
Zimalunga nokuguqulwa kwezixeko zethu needolophu nokwakha uluntu oluhlalisana ngokumanyeneyo, ngokuzinzileyo nolukhathalayo oluhlala kufutshane neendawo zempangelo neendawo ezenza intlalo ibe lula namnandi, kuquka neendawo zemidlalo nezolonwabo.
Ngalo moya, siza kusebenza nePalamente ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuqulunqwa koMthetho oyiLwayo woLawulo lokuSetyenziswa koMhlaba.
Xa sisebenza kunye nabantu bakuthi emaphandleni, siza kuqinisekisa ngesicwangciso-qhinga sophuhliso lwamaphandle esibanzi esidibene novuselelo lomhlaba nolimo kunye nokhuseleko lokutya, njengomba wesithathu kwimiba yethu ebalulekileyo ekufanele kuqalwe ngayo.
Ndingathanda ukusebenzisa eli thuba ukudlulisa uvelwano lwethu olunzulu kusapho lukaSekela Mphathiswa wezoLimo, uDirk Du Toit, osishiye kule veki. Indima yakhe siya kuhlala siyikhumbula.
Abantu basemakhaya nabo banelungelo lokuba nombane namanzi, izindlu zangasese ezigungxulwayo, iindlela, iindawo zolonwabo nezemidlalo kunye neendawo zokuthenga eziphucukileyo njengasezidolophini.
Nabo banelungelo lokuncedwa kwezolimo ukuze bazityalele imifuno kunye nokunye, bafuye nokufuya ukuze bakwazi ukuziphilisa.
Sizimisele ukuluqala eli phulo lokwakha iziseko zoncedo ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Xa sibambisene nabahlali, iinkosi, ooceba nezibonda sizokwazi ukuwukhawulezisa lo msebenzi.
Sicela abantu basemaphandleni ukuba balungiselele ukusixelela ukuba zeziphi izinto ezingxamisekileyo abazisweleyo. Xa sisebenza ngokuphathisana singenza ngcono.
Ekubeni sifundile kumaphulo ophuhliso lwasemaphandleni angaphambili, siye sakhetha uMasipala oMkhulu waseGiyani eLimpopo njengowokuqala kule projekthi yokulinga kwiphulo eli. Ezi projekthi ziya kuba nemfundiso kwilizwe lonke.
Ukongeza apho, siza kusebenza sigxininise kuvuselelo lweedolophu zasemaphandleni ekujoliswe kuzo, ngenkxaso-mali efana nenkqubo yeNkxaso-mali yoPhuhliso lwaseBumelwaneni. Ngale ndlela, iindawo ezingqonge iidolophu ziyakuxhamla ngokukhula kwezoqoqosho lwazo.
Ngawo onke la mangenelela, sikulungele ukuyiguqula imbonakalo yeendawo zasemaphandleni kwilizwe lethu.
Imfundo iya kuba ngundoqo kwimiba ephambili ebalulekileyo kule minyaka mihlanu ilandelayo. Sifuna ootitshala bethu, abafundi nabazali basebenzisane norhulumente ekuguquleni izikolo zethu zibe ngamaziko empumelelo yokugqwesa.
Inkqubo yokuPhuhlisa abaNtwana abasaKhulayo iza kunyuswa, ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ilungelo jikelele lokungena kwisiGaba R nokuphinda phinda inani labantwana abaminyaka isuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-4 seminyaka ubudala ngowama-2014.
Siya kuphinda phinda oko kwethu kungaxoxisiyo. Ootitshala mababe sesikolweni, emagumbini okufundela, ngexesha, bafundise, bangasileli emsebenzini wabo kwaye kungabikho kuphathwa kakubi kwabantwana! Abantwana kufanele babe semagumbini wabo okufundela, ngexesha, bafunde, bahloniphe iititshala zabo baze nabo bahloniphane, benze nomsebenzi wabo wesikolo ekufanele bawenze ekhaya.
Ukuphucula ulawulo ezikolweni, uqeqesho olusesikweni luya kuba ngumqathango ophambili phambi kokuba utitshala onyuselwe abe yinqununu okanye intloko yecandelo.
Ndiza kudibana neenqununu zezikolo ukwabelana nazo ngombono wethu wokuvuselela inkqubo yethu yezemfundo.
Siza kuwandisa amalinge wethu okukhuthaza bonke abantwana ukuba bayigqibe imfundo yabo yasesekondari.
Eyona njongo kukwandisa izinga lobhaliso kwizikolo zesekondari liye kuma kuma-95 ekhulwini ngowama-2014. Sikwakhangela neendlela zokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ngeenjongo zokubuyisela abo bantwana bathi bashiya isikolo phakathi kwakhona kwinkqubo yemfundo, size sibanike nenkxaso.
Malungu aHloniphekileyo, sixhalabe kakhulu ngeengxelo zootishala abaxhaphaza ngokwesondo baze baphathe gadalala abantwana, ingakumbi abangamantombazana.
Siza kuqinisekisa ukuba imiGaqo engokuXhaphaza ngokwezeSondo nobuNdlobongela eZikolweni zikaRhulumente isasazwa ngokubanzi, kwaye abafundi nootitshala bayayazi kwaye bayayithobela.
Naziphi na iititshala ezisebenzisa igunya namndla azo kakubi ngokuthi zingene kunxulumelwano lokwabelana ngesondo nabantwana, siza kuzithathela amanyathelo aqatha kakhulu, ngendlela engqwabalala.
Ukukhulisa inkqubo yokufunda ithuba elide, iMfundo esiSisekelo yabaDala noQeqesho i-Kha ri Gude iza kwandiswa.
Kufuneka siqinisekise ukuthi uqeqesho namaphulo okuphuhlisa izakhono kwilizwe lethu ayakhawulelana neemfuno zoqoqosho.
Icandelo lokwaNdisa iMfundo noQeqesho neekholeji ezingama-50 kunye neekhampasi ezili-160 elizweni jikelele ziya kuba ziziseko zoqeqesho lokuphuhlisa izakhono.
Siya kuphucula ukufikelela kwimfundo ephakamileyo kubantwana abaphuma kumakhaya ahluphekileyo kwaye siqinisekise inkqubo yenkxaso-mali ezinzileyo eziyunivesiti.
Sikhathazeke kakhulu kukwehla komgangatho wezempilo, okuphinde kwenziwa nzima ngakumbi kukukhula okuthe chu komthwalo wezifo kule minyaka ilishumi elinesiqingatha idlulileyo.
Sizimisele iinjongo eziphezulu zokuqhubekeka ukwehlisa ukungalingani kwindlela yokubonelelwa ngoncedo lwezempilo, sandise inani labasebenzi, sihlaziye izibhedlele nekliniki siqinise ukulwa nembandezelo eyintsholongwane kagawulayo kunye nogawulayo, isifo sephepha nezinye izifo.
Kufuneka sonke sisebenzele ukuphucula ukuphunyezwa kwesiCwangciso esiBanzi soNyango, uLawulo nokuNyamekela iNtsolongwane kaGawulayo kunye noGawulayo ukuze kwehle inani labantu abosuleleka yi-HIV ngama-50% ngonyaka wama-2011. Sikwafuna ukufikelela kuma-80% abantu abafuna amachiza athomalalisa ulwamvila lwentsholongwane kagawulayo (i-ARV) ngonyaka wama-2009.
Siza kusungula isikimu se-Inshorensi yeSizwe yezeMpilo ngendlela engamanqanaba ongezelekayo. Ukuze siqalise nge-Inshorensi yeSizwe yezeMpilo, ukuvuselelwa ngokutsha kwezibhedlele okungxamisekileyo kuya kwenziwa ngentsebenziswano yoBudlelwano bukaRhulumente noShishino laBucala.
Sikwanika ingqalelo kwimiba ephathelene nokuhlawula abasebenzi abazingcali kwezempilo ukususa intandabuzo kwiinkonzo zethu zezempilo.
Ngokusebenzisana sonke masenze ngcono ukunyusa umgangatho wezempilo ngokuhambelana neeNjongo zoPhuhliso zeMileniyamu yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ukwehlisa intlupheko ngesiqingatha ngonyaka wama-2014.
Xa sisonke masenze ngcono ukulwa ulwaphulo mthetho. Injongo yethu kukuseka inkqubo yezobulungisa noliwo lwaphulo mthetho eguqukileyo, edibeneyo, yala maxesha, exhotyiswe ngokufanelekileyo nelawulwa kakuhle.
Kukwabaluleke ngokugqithisileyo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkundla nendlela abasebenza ngayo abetshutshisi nokuqaqambisa inkonzo zokucupha, ezophando olunobuchwepheshe, neenkonzo zobuntlola. Lo msebenzi sele uqalisile ngokwenene kwaye uza kwenziwa ngamandla nokomelela.
Phakathi kwezinto ekujoliswe kuzo ngokungxamisekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukwandiswa kwenani labetshutshisi nabasebenzi beBhodi yoNcedo kwezoMthetho. Siza kwenza njalo nakubecuphi.
Siliguqule igama lobuPhathiswa obuchaphazelekayo elisuka kuKhuselo noKhuseleko laba lelezobuPolisa ukugxininisa ukuba sifuna amandla okusebenza ngokwenene kumsebenzi wobupolisa. Oku kuya kunciphisa ulwaphulo-mthetho olunobuzaza nolunobundlobongela ngesi-7% ukuya kwi-10% ngonyaka.
Eyona ngqwalasela ibalulekileyo iza kunikezelwa nasekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho oluququzelweyo, kwakunye nobundlobongela obujoliswe koomama nabantwana.
Lo gama siluvuyela utyalo-mali olwenziwa lushishino lwabucala kushishino lwezokhuseleko, siya kuphucula indlela olu shishino olulawulwa ngayo.
Phakathi kwamanye amaphulo angundoqo, siza kuqala inkqubo yokumisela i-Arhente yokuLawula iMida, siqinise iinzame zethu zokulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwa ngekhompyutha nobusela benkcukacha zokuzazisa, nokuphucula iinkqubo zeentolongo zethu ukunciphisa ukwaphula umthetho ngokuphinda-phindiweyo.
Ndinqwenela ukugxininisa inkxaso yethu ekuguqulweni kweenkundla okuqhubekayo.
Inguqulelo kufuneka ilungise imiba engundoqo efana nokuqaqambisa ukuzimela kweenkundla, ukumilisela neengcambu iinkqubo zangaphakathi zokuba nakho ukucacisa nokunika iimpendulo kwakunye nokuqinisekisa ukufikelelwa ngokuzeleyo kwezobulungisa ngabo bonke abantu.
Impumelelo yenkqubo yentando yesininzi iyonke ixhomekeke kubudlelwane bembeko komnye nomnye kunye nomoya wokuphathisana phakathi kwesiGqeba sokuLawula, uWiso-mthetho kunye neeNkundla. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwintando yethu yesininzi esekelezelwe phezu komgaqo-siseko.
Siphinda-phindile ukukuchaza ukuzinikela kwethu ekulweni norhwaphilizo kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente.
Siza kunika ingqwalasela eyodwa ekulweni norhwaphilizo nenkohliso ekunikezelweni kwemisebenzi nakwiinkqubo zeziniki maxabiso, izicelo zeempepha mvume zokuqhuba, inkxaso-mali karhulumente, izazisi nobusela bamadokhethi wamapolisa.
Mandigxininise ndithi sonke sinendima ekufuneka siyidlalile kule mfazwe yokulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho.
Kufuneka sithathe inxaxheba ngokugqibeleleyo kwiQonga lobuPolisa nabaHlali. Kufuneka sikuyeke ukuthenga izinto ezibiweyo, oko kukhuthaza ulwaphulo-mthetho.
Masiluxele ulwaphulo-mthetho sincedise namapolisa ngolwazi olunokukhokelela ekubanjweni kwabenzi bobubi. Ngale ndlela, siza kuhambela phambili ekuyeni kwintlalo engenalwaphulo-mthetho.
Malungu aHloniphekileyo, ukusekela ngowe-1994 besisoloko sizama ukwakha intlalo emanyeneyo nenobudlelwane kwimvelaphi yethu engamaqhekeza. Siya menywa ke ukuba siqhubekeke ngezo njongo zokukhuthaza umanyano noxa sohlukile omnye komnye nje kwaye siphuhlise inkqubo yokwabelana ngezithethe, esekelezelwe phezu komoya wembumba yamanyama noluntu olukhathalayo.
Inkqubo yethu yokwabelana ngezithethe kufanele isikhuthazele ekubeni sibe ngabemi abagqibeleleyo kuvuselelo lwelizwe lethu. Kufuneka sakhe ubuzwe obunye nobufanayo nobuthandazwe.
Kufuneka siphuhlise ukuzimanya okufanayo nelizwe lethu, uMgaqo-siseko kunye neempawu zesizwe. Ngalo moya, siza kuwukhulisa uMhobe weSizwe neflegi yelizwe lethu nazo zonke ezinye iimpawu zesizwe.
Abantwana bethu, mabafundiswe besebancinci, ukuwugqalela uMgaqo-siseko kunye neempawu zesizwe, kwaye bayazi ukuba kubaluleke ngantoni ukuba ngummi waseMzantsi Afrika.
Siza kuqinisekisa ngendlela efanayo yokuqwalasela ukutshintshwa kobume beendawo namagama eendawo. Oku kufuneka kunikezele ithuba lokubandakanya bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika ekuqhubeleni phambili ubuzwe obuquka wonke umntu, ukuzinzisa ukuqonda imbali namagugu wethu.
Imidlalo sisixhobo esinamandla sokwakha isizwe. Ngokusebenza kunye kufuneka sixhase onke amaqela wethu esizwe ukusukela kwiBafana Bafana ukuya kwii-Proteas kunye namaBhokobhoko; ukusekela kwiBanyana Banyana ukuya kwiParalympians.
Amaqela wethu angenza ngcono kuphela xa siwaxhasa.
Ndivumeleni ukuba ndisebenzise eli thuba ukuvuyisana namqela wethu esizwe ngendlela adlale ngayo kule veki iphelileyo, ade amathathu aphumelele ngokuncamisayo.
Iqela lesizwe lababhinqileyo lebhola yomnyazi lisenze sanebhongo ngokuphumelela umdlalo we-Tri-Nations Netball Challenge. Sithi halala kwi-Sevens Springbok ezithe zabaziNtshatsheli ze-IRB Seven World Series - kwaye ndingazilibelanga ii-Blue Bulls ezithe zaphumelela umdlalo wamagqibela kankqoyi we-Super 14 ngendlela encamisayo!
Sithatha eli thuba ukunnqwenela amaBhoko-bhoko okuhle kodwa kwimidlalo eluthotho ezayo aza kuyidlala nee-British ne-Irish Lions.
Kucacile ukuba kufanele sityale imali eninzi kuphuhliso lwemidlalo. Siza kuyikhawulezisa inkqubo yokuvuselelwa kwemidlalo yezikolo kwaye siza kuqinisekisa ukuba ziyinxalenye yezifundo. Ukongeza apho siza kuqinisekisa ukuba ubonelelo lwezixhobo zemidlalo kwindawo ezihlwempeke kakhulu kuqalwa ngazo.
Kule minyaka idlulileyo sazibophelela ekubeni negalelo ekwakheni i-Afrika engcono kunye nehlabathi elingcono.
Eyona njongo ingundoqo karhulumente kwesi sigaba sokuqala kukuqinisekisa ukuba ubudlelwane bethu namazwe angaphandle bunegalelo ekudaleni imeko elungele ukukhula koqoqosho nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Kule meko, siza kuqhubekeka ukubeka phambili iimfuno zelizwekazi le-Afrika ngokomeleza iManyano yamaZwe ase-Afrika neziseko zayo, nokunika ingqwalasela eyodwa ekuphunyezweni kobuDlelwane obuTsha boPhuhliso lwe-Afrika.
Okubaluleke ngokufanayo, nokusichaphazela ngqo, kukomeleza ukudityaniswa kwemimandla kugxininiswe ngokukodwa ekuphuculeni indibaniselwano yepolitiki neyoqoqosho lweNkqubo yokuPhuhliswa kwaMazwe e-Afrika eseMazantsi (i-SADC), okujolise kwinjongo ye-AU yorhulumente woMdibaniselwano. Siza kuseka i-Arhente yoPhuhliso lobuDlelwane yaseMzantsi Afrika ukukhulisa ubudlelwane obuphuhlileyo kunye namaye amazwe elizwekazi.
UMzantsi Afrika useza kuqhubeka ukuncedisa ekwakhiweni ngokutsha nokuphuhliswa kwelizwekazi i-Afrika ingakumbi kwiimeko ezisuka kwimfazwe. Siza kuqhubekeka ukukhuthaza isisombululo soxolo nesizinzileyo kwimfazwe yamaSirayeli namaPalestina esisekelezelwe kwisisombululo semibuso-emibini.
Siza kuzixhasa iinzame zoxolo zeManyano yamaZwe ase-Afrika kunye neZizwe eziManyeneyo kwilizwekazi le-Afrika, kuquka kwiRiphabliki yeSaharawi Arab kunye naseDarfur eSudan.
Ingxaki yabantu baseZimbabwe ibe nempembelelo engentle kummandla we-SADC, ingakumbi uMzantsi Afrika. Simema onke amazwe angabathandi-boxolo kwihlabathi ukuba axhase urhulumente oquka bonke abantu ukuphumeza ukuphucuka koqoqosho.
Siza kuzixhasa iinzame zommandla we-SADC ukusombulula imeko yaseMadagascar.
Ndivumeleni, zindwendwe ezibalulekileyo, ukuba ndothulele umnqwazi uMkhosi woKhuselo waseMzantsi Afrika ngendima enkulu oyidlalileyo ekwakheni uxolo kwilizwekazi.
Ngamaziko elizwekazi nawommandla, siza kusebenzela ekumiliseleni intando yesininzi nokuhlonitshwa kwamalungelo oluntu kwilizwekazi le-Afrika.
Siza kuba negalelo ekomelezeni ubudlelwane boMzantsi-kuMzantsi size silandele izivumelwano zokuxhamla ngokufanayo namazwe angundoqo oMzantsi.
Siza kuqhubekeka ukomeleza ubudlelwane noMntla ophuhlileyo kuquka i-G8, kunye nobudlelwane bethu bobuchule kunye neManyano yaMazwe aseYurobhu.
Siseza kuqhubekeka ukudlala indima ebonakalayo ekuqinisekiseni ukuqukunjelwa komjikelo wothetha thethwano lwe-WTO Doha Development.
Umzantsi Afrika, njengokuba ulilizwe elomileyo ufuna amanyathelo akhawulezileyo okuthothisa inguqu engentle yokusingqongileyo nokuqinisekiso ukubonelelwa ngamanzi kwabemi.
Phakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukahlukeneyo, siza kuphumeza isicwangciso-qhinga saManzi ukwenzela ukuKhula noPhuhliso, esiya komeleza ukulawulwa kwamanzi. Siza kuqhubekeka ukuphucula ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwamandla wethu kunye nokuthembela kwiindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa amandla.
Isizwe esisaphuhlayo sifuna ukuphuculwa kweenkonzo zikarhulumente nokomelezwa kwamaziko entando yesininzi.
Siseke ubuPhathiswa obubini kwi-ofisi kaMongameli ukomeleza ucwangciso ngobuchule kwakunye nokuhlolwa nokuvavanywa komsebenzi.
Ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo kwizibophelelo zethu, siza kubenza abaPhathiswa besiGqeba sombuso ukuba bakwazi ukuphendula bachaze ngomsebenzi abawenzayo ngenkqubo yokuhlolwa nokuvavanywa komsebenzi, ngokusebenzisa iinjongo ekujoliswe kuzo ezisekiweyo kunye nomlinganiselo womsebenzi owenziweyo.
Kwakhona siza kubandakanya amaShishini-aMnikazi wawo inguRhulumente namaZiko oPhuhliso lweziMali kwinkqubo karhulumente yokucwangcisa size siphucule ukuhlolwa nokuvavanywa komsebenzi wawo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba omathathu amazinga karhulumente - elasekhaya, elamaphondo nelesizwe - ayakuphucula ukuziswa kweenkonzo, siza kukhawulezisa ukusekwa kweNkqubo yeeNkonzo zikaRhulumente enye.
Olu lawulo luzakunyanzelisa ekubekweni kwabantu kuqala xa kuziswa iinkonzo. Siza kuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi abasebenza kwiikhawuntara ezingaphambili ukuba banikekezela ngenkonzo enembeko nenenkuthalo kuwo onke amasebe karhulumente.
Kweli xesha lovuselelo, siza kusebenzela kuburhulumente obuthe chatha ukuthungelana ngentsebenzo.
Ukukhokela ngokuba ngumzekeklo, umsebenzi wokusekwa kwendlela yokunxulumana koluntu ne-ofisi kamongameli sele kuqalile kwi-ofisi kaMongameli.
Ukongeza kwiincwadi nee-imeyl eziveli eluntwini, sizakuvula kwanomnxeba othe ngqo wezikhalazo ukwenzela ukufikelela okulula.
Abasebenzi baza kusebenza ngophando lomntu ngamnye ngokungathi kukuphela kwalo, baluhambise kuwo onke amabakala lude lufumane ukuhoywa okulufaneleyo.
I-Arhente yeSizwe yoPhuhliso loLutsha, esekwe ngokudibana koMsobomvu Youth Fund neKomishoni yoLutsha yeSizwe iza kundululwa ngomhla we-16 kweyeSilimela Ekurhuleni. La maziko ayadityaniswa ngeenjongo zokomeleza iinkonzo namathuba ophuhliso anikezelwa kulutsha. Le Arhente iza kuba likhonkco phakathi kwabantu abatsha abanemfundo enomsila kunye namathuba ezoqoqosho; yomeleze amalinge okunabisa iNkqubo yeSizwe yeeNkonzo ixhase noosomashishini abasebatsha.
Kule nyanga izayo uMadiba wethu othandekayo uzakugqiba iminyaka engama-91. Abantu kwihlabathi jikelele basaqhubekeka ukwenza intlokoma yokubakho kwakhe nokuba abahoyele iingxaki zabo. Ukuxabiseka kwakhe kunye nokuba ngumzekelo kwakhe ekuzinikezeleni ukukhonza umntu kungumzekelo oqaqambileyo kwilizwe elixakekileyo lanamhlanje.
I-Nelson Mandela Foundation nemibutho enxulumeneyo ziqale iphulo lezizwe ngezizwe, elibizwa uSuku lukaMandela, olucacisa elubala ukuthi uTata uphilela ekholelwa entweni.
USuku lukaMandela luza kubhiyozelwa ngomhla we-18 kweyeKhala kunyaka ngamnye. Luza kunika abantu abase Mzantsi Afrika nakwihlabathi liphela ithuba lokwenza into entle ukunceda abanye.
UMadiba ube semzabalazweni iminyaka engama-67, kwaye ngoSuku lukaMandela abantu kwihlabathi jikelele, emisebenzini, emakhayeni wabo nasezikolweni, baza kumenywa ukuba bachithe imizuzu engama-67 ubuncinane kwixesha labo besenza into enokuba luncedo kuluntu lwabo, ingakumbi abo bangathathi ntweni.
Masithi ke ngeentliziyo zethu zonke sixhase uSuku lukaMandela sikhuthaze nehlabathi ukuba lizibandakanye kunye nathi kweli phulo ligqwese kangaka.
Inkqubo yethu yale minyaka mihlanu izayo siyithe thaca phambi kwesizwe. Isibophelelo ngasinye esisenzileyo sihamba nesicwangciso seprojekthi esicacisiweyo, kunye neenjongo eziphambili nezisekelo eziluqilima.
Ezi nkcukhacha ziza kwaziswa eluntwini kungekudala. Eneneni njengabemi kufanele ngaxesha nye sizibuze ukuba yintoni esinokuzenzela yona ngokwethu ukuncedisa ukuphucula le nkqubo yesizwe.
Ukuba ngummi akukho nje malunga namalungelo, kukwahamba noxanduva, lokwenza igalelo ekwenzeni ilizwe lethu libe lelingcono.
Sikwalindele ukusebenzisana kakuhle namaqela aPhikisayo ePalamente, ngomoya wokukhokelisa ilizwe lethu kuqala.
Ukongeza apho, uMadiba wasifundisa kakuhle okokuba eli lizwe lelethu sonke, omnyama nomhlophe. Ukusebenzela uxolelwano nomanyano kuya kuhlala kubalulekile njengokuba sibheka phambili.
Ukusekela mhla kwaphunyezwa inkqubo yethu siza kuthatha indawo kuqoqosho oludodobalayo, kuza kufuneka sisebenze ngobulumko - kungabikho nkcitho, kungabikho kudluliselwa kwemali - isenti nganye kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokulumkileyo nangokuvakalayo. Kunyanzelekile ukuba sisebenzise uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lethu ngokomlinganiselo wethu.
Bemi baseMzantsi Afrika, xa sisebenzisana kunye sonke singenza ngcono ukuqonda umbono wethu omnye nofanayo wesizwe esingcono nesihluma ngakumbi!
Obu bubudlelwane esibucelayo.
3 June 2009 <fn>The National Council of Provinces IsiXhosa.
IPalamente ineziNdlu ezimbini.
Bhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe (NCOP), elinabathunywa abangama -90.
NgokoMgaqo-Siseko, iBhunga lamaPhondo limele amaphondo kurhulumente kaZwelonke ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zawo ziyaqwalaselwa.
IBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe likwaqinisekisa ukuba imicimbi yoorhulumente bamakhaya imelwe kumanqanaba aphezulu karhulumente.
Igqiza ngalinye leaphondo linamalungu alishumi, . abathunywa abathandathu abasisigxina.
I -NCOP inyula abalawuli kumalungu uSihlalo, kunye . nooSekela-sihlalo ababini.
La magosa alawula umsebenzi we-NCOP aze ongamele iingxoxo, eqinisekisa ukuba abathunywa baxoxa ngokukhululekileyo ngokwemithetho yeNdlu.
USekela-sihlalo osisigxina unyulwa ithuba leminyaka emihlanu, ngelixa iiNkulumbuso zamaPhondo zibolekisana ngesihlalo sokuba nguSekela-sihlalo wesibini kangangonyaka.
I-NCOP ibonwa njengequmrhu eliya kwenza ukuba kubekho ulawulo lwentsebenziswano kunye nedemokhrasi apho ubani athi athath' inxaxheba, kunye nokugxila kakhulu ekuxoxeni ngemiba yoorhulumente bamakhaya nabamaphondo kwinqanaba likazwelonke.
Isenokwazisa okanye ilungise iMithetho Esayilwayo ekwiShedyuli 4 yoMgaqo-siseko.
Owona msebenzi wowiso-mthetho wenziwa kwiikomiti, kodwa yonke iMithetho Esayilwayo kufuneka isiwe kwindibano ye-NCOP ukuze ixoxwe ize ivotelwe ukuba iyamkelwa okanye iyakhatywa.
Ukuba i-NCOP ifuna ukwenza utshintsho kumthetho osayilwayo, uphindiselwa kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, ukuze ilwamkele okanye ilukhabe utshintsho olo.
Imizekelo yeMithetho Esayilwayo echaphazela amaphondo iquka ezemfundo, ezothutho, ezentlalo-ntle kunye nezempilo.
Iphondo ngalinye linevoti enye xa kuvotelwa le Mithetho Isayilwayo.
Xa uMthetho Osayilwayo olungisa okanye otshintsha uMgaqo-siseko uwachaphazela ngqo amaphondo, amaphondo amathandathu kwalithoba kufuneka avumelane ngako oko.
Ukongamela ngumsebenzi okuMgaqo-siseko oluxanduva lwePalamente (kuquka iziNdlu zoWiso-mthetho zamaphondo) ukulawula nokuqwalasela imisebenzi karhulumente.
I-NCOP isenokufuna ilungu lekhabhinethi, igosa kurhulumente kazwelonke okanye urhulumente wephondo ukuba aye kwintlanganiso yeBhunga okanye yekomiti yeBhunga.
I-NCOP ikwaqhuba utyelelo lokongamela eluntwini ukuqinisekisa ukuba bafuna ulwazi olululo kwiimfuno nemingeni yabo.
Iikomiti zeNCOP zibizwa ngokuba zii-Komiti eziKhethekileyo, umzekelo, ikomiti eKhethekileyo kwiSebe lezeziNdlu, elezeMisebenzi yoLuntu kunye nelezoThutho.
Ikomiti nganye yenza umsebenzi ojongene ngokukodwa namasebe athile karhulumente.
Iikomiti zisenokugunyazisa nawuphi na umntu ukuba anike ubungqina okanye aveze amaxwebhu, kwaye basenokufuna nawuphi na umntu okanye naliphi na iqumrhu ukuba linike ingxelo kubo.
Emva kokuba ikomiti igqibile ukuxoxa ngomthetho osayilwayo, uthi usiwe kwi-NCOP ukuze uvotelwe.
Abathunywa bephondo ngalinye banevoti enye emele iphondo, ethi isetyenziswe yintloko yabathunywa.
Uluntu lusenokudlal' indima ebonakalayo kumsebenzi wokongamela ngokuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente uyaphendula kwiimfuno zoluntu.
Isingeniso kwikomiti yePalamente yindlela yokwenza ukuba ilizwi lakho liviwe ePalamente.
Ngokufaka esi singeniso usethubeni lokufuthela uluvo lwmalungu ekomiti axoxa nabonisana ngomba othile womthetho ngaphambi kokuba ugqitywe.
Ukwenza uxwebhu lwezikhalazo yindlela yokufaka isikhalazo okanye umba odla umzi ePalamente ukuze iyithathele ingqalelo ngokobunganga bayo.
Ilungelo lokufaka uxwebhu kwiPlamente lilungelo lawo nawuphi na ummi welizwe elibhalwe kuMgaqo-siseko.
Nawuphi na umntu, amaqela abantu okanye umbutho, unelungelo lokufaka uxwebhu lwezikhalazo ePalamente.
Uluntu lungaqhagamshelana namaLungu ePalamente kwii-ofisi zezithili zovoto ezikumaphondo kwilizwe liphela okanye ePalamente xa ufuna ukufumana inkxaso yalo kuloo mba ukutshisayo okanye xa ufuna ukuncediswa kwingxaki ethile onayo.
<fn>WWA-IsiXhosa nomination form.txt</fn>
Kwimeko apho intlangano yokufundisana yokugqibela igqithela ngaphaya kwama 23 Julayi 2010, umhla wokufakwa kwamaxwebhu okutyumba uyakuba ngomhla waloo ndibano yokugqibela yokufundisana, kodwa KUPHELA kumaphondo apho kubanjwa khona iindibano zokugqibela zokufundisana.
Nceda unike inkcazelo engundoqo ngale projekthi okanye iiprojekthi. Nika inkcazelo malunga nexabiso iprojekthi okanye iiprojekthi ezinegalelo ngalo kwicandelo lamanzi. Ungongeza elinye iphepha ukubangaba udinga isithuba esininzi sokuchaza iprojekthi kwaye ubethelele inkcazelo yokuxabiseka kwayo.
Yamkelekile inkcazelo eyongezelelweyo engohlobo lwemiqulu, imifanekiso kunye nemiboniso yevidiyo.
<fn>Waste Bylaw XHOSA.txt</fn>
Ukunikezela ngoluhlu lwemithetho olawula ukuphetshwa, ukuncitshiswa, ukuveliswa ukuqokelelwa, ukucocwa, nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma, kunye nemicimbi enxulumene noko.
ISixeko sifuna ukulawula ukuveliswa kwenkunkuma, ukucoca, ulwahlulo, ukugcinwa, ukuqokelelwa, ukwenziwa ingonakali, ukunyangwa, ukulungiswa kwayo ibe nokusebenza kwakhona, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma kubandakanywa ukungcolisa nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma okungekho mthethweni nokulawulwa kwamaziko asetyenziselwa ulawulo lwenkunkuma, sinenjongo yokugqibela yokuphepha ukuveliswa kwenkunkumo ze apho kungekho ukuphetshwa ibe nokuncitshiswa inkunkuma, kubandakanywa nolawulo lwayo yonke imisebenzi elungiselelwa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeNkunkuma eqokelelwayo, yahlulwe, iphambukiswe, yenziwe ingonakali ukulungiswa ukwenzela ibe nokusebenza kwakhona ze inyangwe yaye ilahlwe kumaziko amkelekileyo olawulo lwenkunkuma njengecebo lokugqibela.
Abanikezeli ngeNkonzo yoLawulo lweNkunkuma abaseLungelweni kunye noBhaliso lwabantu abasebenzisa iinkonzo zokuhanjiswa kwenkunkuma.
"UMlawuli" - Uthetha umqeshwa kaMasipala ophethe umsebenzi woLawulo lweNkunkuma.
"Ukulahla" - Kuthetha ukulahla inkunkuma nangayiphi na enye indlela engeyiyo leyo ivunyelwe ngumthetho kwaye kubandakanya, kungakhange kuthotywe kuninzi olungaphambili, ukushiya, ukuthula, ukuchitha okanye ukukhululwa kwenkunkuma, nokokuba iNkunkuma ikumgqomo omkulu okanye ayikho kuwo okanye kwisitya esikhulu phakathi okanye nakuyiphi na indawo nokokuba ikwindawo kawonke wonke okanye kwindawo yangasese enomniniyo, kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelwanga apho kumhlaba ongena nto, kwimilambo, kwindleala-manzi, kwingingqi ekuqokelelwa kuzo amanzi emvula, kunye nemibhobho ethwala amanzi amadala kunye nezixokelelwano zamanzi esichotho.
"INkunkuma yaseGadini"- Ithetha iNkunkuma yezinto eziphilileyo ezithi zivele egadini okanye kwimisebenzi yemifanekiso yembonakalo-mhlaba eyenziwa ezindlwini, kumashishini okanye kwimizi mveliso yorhwebo kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelwanga apho, umhlaba, ukuchetywa kwengca, amagqabi kunye namasebe, yaye kubandakanywa nezinto ezinokuboliswa ziintsholongwane ze kubandakanywe nenkunkuma evela kumakhaya kushishino okanye urhwebo.
Eveliswa lulolongo lwezonyango okanye uphando; okanye ethe yahlangana negazi, ulwelo lomzimba okanye inyama ethile emzimbeni womntu, okanye izilwanyana ezinezifo ezivela kwimisebenzi yemfuyo.
Inkunkuma eyasulelayo: Inkunkuma erhaneleka ukuba iqulathe iipathogen enamandla awomeleleyo okanye ubungakanani obunokubangela isifo kuninzi lwabantu abanobuntuntunu. Eli candelo libandakanya iintsholongwane kunye noninzi lwezinto ezasulelayo ezivela kumsebenzi waselebhu. Inkunkuma evela kutyando notyando lwezidumbu ezinezifo ezasulelayo, inkunkuma evela kwizigulana ezasuleleke zizifo ezikumawodi awodwa; inkunkuma ethe yahlangana nezigulana ezasulelekileyo ezenza ihaemodialysis; izilwanyana ezasulelekileyo ezivela kwiilebhu; inkunkuma yempahla esetyenziswa ngamabhinqa xa esexesheni kunye namalaphu (kubandakanywa ilaphu okanye uboya bokucoca inxeba) kunye naso nasiphi na isixhobo okanye impahla ethe yabe isetyenziswe kumntu owasulelekileyo okanye impahla.
Inkunkuma yezifo: Ibandakanya zonke izicwili zomntu, amalungu, amalungu omzimba, iimfambilini, igazi, kunye nolwelo lwegazi kunye nolo lwezilwanyana ezasuleleke zizifo.
Inkunkuma ebukhali: Ibandakanya izinto ezinokuthi zibe nokubangela amanxeba okanye izilonda zokuhlatywa yaye kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelwanga koku, iinaliti, iinaliti ezihlaba phantsi kwesikhumba, iingadla zooGqirha kunye nezinye incakula, iimela, izixhobo zokutsala, iisarha, iiglasi eyaphukileyo kunye nezikhonkwane yaye igama "Ubukhali" linentsingiselo engqinelanayo.
Inkunkuma yamayeza: Ibandakanya imveliso zamayeza eziphelelwe lixesha, ezingasetyenziswanga, ezichithekileyo nezisulelekileyo, amayeza akhusela umntu angasuleleki kunye nezitofu ezingasadingekiyo yaye ekufuneka zilahlwe ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Inkunkuma yeGenotoxic: Yinkunkuma eyingozi kakhulu enokuthi ibe nokukhuthaza inguquko, ungemi kakuhle kwesihluma sembewu okanye umntwana osakhula esizalweni okanye ivelise umhlaza. Olu hlobo lwenkunkuma lubandakanya amayeza athile esinyi ngokunjalo nokugabha okanye ilindle elivela kwizigulane ezinyangwa ngamayeza esinyi, amachiza kunye nezinto ezibangelwa yimitha ebangelwa kukuqhekeka kweathom.
Inkunkuma enesinyithi esinzima: Ibandakanya, kodwa ingaphelelanga koku, inkunkuma yemekyuri evela kwiithemometha, isilinganiso soxinzelelo lwegazi, intsalela kumsebenzi wamazinyo, inkunkuma yesiqalelo esithile esithambileyo nesimhlophe evela kwiibhetri ezilahliweyo, amacandelo omthi omeleziweyo osetyenziswa kukhuselo lokukhupha imitha kunye namayeaza aqulathe iarseniki..
Inkunkuma kwinkonxa enoxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo: Ibandakanya iisilinda ezinoxinzelelo kunye neembumbulu eziliphanga ezisetyenziswa kwizibonelelo zololongo lwempilo ukugcina iigesi.
Inkunkuma ngokubanzi: Ligama lohlobo oluthile lwenkunkuma ethi, ngenxa yendlela equlunqwe ngayo kunye neempawu zayo, ibe ayidali ngozi ibonakalayo kwimpilo yoluntu okanye kokusingqongileyo ukuba ilawulwa kakuhle. Olu hlobo lwenkunkuma luqulathe iiplastiki, amaphepha, ukutya kunye nolwelo oluthathwa njengolungasuleliyo okanye olungasulelekanga ngamachiza ayingozi okanye imitha ebangwa kukuqhekeka kweathomi.
"INkunkuma" - Ithetha nayiphi na into, nokuba yigesi, ilulwelo okanye iqinile okanye nawuphi na umxube woku, othe wachongwa nguMphathiswa weSizwe wemiCimbi yeNdalo kunye noKhenketho ngesaziso esikwiGazethi yePhondo okanye lilungu leBhunga leSigqeba esiLawulayo lePhondo leNtshona Koloni elinoxanduva lolawulo lwenkunkuma kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni, njengesiveliso esilisolotya esingamkelekanga okanye esigqithisileyo, esikhutshiweyo esiyintsalela okanye intshiyekelelo yayo nayiphi na inkqubo okanye umsebenzi njengoko uchaziwe kuMthetho woLondolozo lweNdalo waze walungiswa kwiSaziso sikaRhulumente sama -292 somhla wama - 28 kuFebruwari 2003.
Kwimeko apho kukho impixwano phakathi kwalo naliphi na icandelo lalo Mthetho kaMasipala kunye noMthetho wesizwe nowePhondo, kwimigangatho, kwimigaqo-nkqubo okanye izikhokelo, umthetho wesizwe kunye nowePhondo, imigangatho, imigaqo-nkqubo okanye izikhokhelo ziya kuba zezisetyenziswayo.
Umthetho kaMasipala uya kusebenza kuzo zonke iindwendwe, abatyeleli naye nawuphi na omnye umntu, ohlala, usebenza okanye oqhuba ishishini phantsi kolawulo lukaMasipala.
Inkunkuma iya kuhlelwa ngokuhambelana nenkcazelo zeendidi ezahlukeneyo zenkunkuma ezikulo Mthetho kaMasipala kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weRhafu kunye noMthetho kaMasipala weMpilo yezeNdalo (njengoko uchaza inkunkuma yaMayeza) yaye uya kutsho kwinto yokuba akucacanga ukuba olu hlobo lwenkunkuma luwela phantsi kwaliphi icandelo, isigqibo soMlawuli siya kuba sesokugqibela yaye siya kuba sesibophelelayo.
Lokuthintele ukuveliswa kwenkunkuma okanye apho ingenakho ukuthintelwa ukuba kuncitshiswe ubungozi kunye nobungakanani beNkunkuma obuvelisiweyo.
Lokwahlula inkunkuma ngeenjongo zokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nempembelelo yalo nokugcina inkunkuma enakho ukwenziwa isebenze kwakhona yodwa kuleyo ingenakho ukuguqulwa ize isebenze kwakhona. Kwimeko yenkunkuma yezoshishino kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngento yokuba inkunkuma yahlulwe ngokolwelo, ngamacandelo kunye nempahla enakho ukusetyenzwa ukulungiselela ukuba ibe nokusetyenziswa kwakhona.
Lokuyisebenzisa kwakhona, ukuyiguqula ibe nokusetyenziswa okanye ukuvuselela inkunkuma apho kunakho. Umnini okanye uMvelisi weNkunkuma uya kulahla inkunkuma enakho ukuba ingaguqulwa ibe nokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngokuthi abe nesivumelwano noMasipala yaye umnini uya kuhlawuliswa ngerhafu esemgangathweni kaMasipala ngokomqathango woMthetho weRhafu kaMasipala, okanye apho uMasipala angenaso isibonelelo senkonzo enjalo abe nesivumelwano kunye noMnikezeli ngeNkonzo owamkelekileyo okanye ngokunikezela ngokunjalo kwiziko elamkelekileyo lokulahlwa kwenkunkuma.
Lokuqinisekisa ngento yokuba iphathwa okanye ilahlwa ngendlela ethathela ingqalelo indalo kwiZiko lokuLahla inkunkuma elamkelekileyo apho inkunkuma kufuneka itshatyalaliswe.
Lokulawula inkunkuma ukulungiselela into yokokuba ingabi nabungozi empilweni okanye kwindalo okanye udale ingxaki.
Lokugcina ucoceko olufanelekileyo kunye nemigangatho yempilo kwindawo ezo zabo.
Lokusebenzisa iinkonzo zokushenxisa inkunkuma ezinikezelwa nguMasipala kunye / okanye umnikezeli ngenkonzo wakhe, ngaphandle kokuba uMasipala akaboneleli ngenkonzo yothutho lwenkunkuma ukulungiselela olu didi lwenkunkuma ukuze lulahlwe, kuloo meko injalo kuya kufuneka basebenzise uMnikezeli ngeNkonzo owamkelekileyo. Owamkelekileyo.
Lokuqukumbela isivumelwano noMasipala, umnikezeli ngenkonzi owamkelekileyo, njengoko kuse nokuba njalo, ukulungiselela ukugcina nokuqokelela inkunkuma. Ukuba ngaba unesivumelwano noMasipala umvelisi wenkunkuma kufuneka azalise yaye anikezele kuMasipala ngefomu yesicelo esayiniweyo yenkonzo kunye nawo onke amaxwebhu anxulumene noko.
Lokugcina inkunkuma kwimigqomo enikezelwa nguMasipala yaye/okanye ngumnikezeli ngenkonzo owamkelekileyo phambi kokuqokelelwa okanye apho umgqomo unganikezelwanga, mayigcinwe inkunkuma kwiingxowa zeplastiki ezimnyama oya kuthi umgqomo lowo kunye/okanye iingxowa eziya kuqokelelwa ngumnikezeli wenkonzo mhlawumbi kube kanye ngeveki ngokuhambelana neendlela njengoko zipapashwe ngumasipala okanye umnikezeli wenkonzo amathuba ngamathuba.
Ukuhlawula irhafu ezihlawuliswa nguMasipala ukulungiselela iinkonzo zokuthuthwa okunjalo kwenkunkuma ngokuhambelana noMthetho kaMasipala weRhafu kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weRhafu yaye ukuba ngaba iirhafu ezinjalo azihlawulwa, uMasipala unokuyitshitshisa le nkonzo. Inkonzo inakho ukubuyiselwa xa kuthe kwahlawulwa iakhawunti engahlawulwanga. Imali esemva iya kuqwalaselwa ngokwemiqathango yolawulo lwetyala looMasipala kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wokuqokelelwa kwetyala.
Ukuba ngaba kukho umgqomo owangezelweyo ofunekayo, uMvelisi wenkunkuma unakho ukwenza isicelo kwiGosa loLawulo leNkunkuma ukulungiselela ukubonelela ngawo yaye uya kuba noxanduva lokuhlawula iindleko ezongezelelweyo ngokomthetho kaMasipala weRhafu kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weRhafu. IGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma linakho ukufuna ukuba umntu onjalo angenise isiCwangiso esiHlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma phambi kokuvunyelwa ukuba anikezele ngomgqomo wolwangazelelo. Umnini kunye noMvelisi wenkunkuma kufuneka ahambelane nemiqathango esekwe lelo Gosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma ukulungiselela ukuvelisa, ukunciphisa, ukugcina nokuqokelela nokulahla inkunkuma leyo eyongezelweyo..
Ukuba ngaba inkunkuma eveliswe nguMvelisi weNkunkuma iwudlule umthamo onakho ukuba ungagcinwa kwimigqomo enikezelweyo okanye iingxowa, umnini kufuneka enze amalungiselelo okuqokelelwa kwale nkunkuma ingaphezulu nguMnikezeli wenkonzo awamkelekileyo. Ukuba ngaba loo malungiselelo awenziwa umnini kunye /okanye uMvelisi wenkunkuma kufuneka kamsinyane athwale uxanduva aze ahambise loo nkunkuma yangezelweyo ze ayise kwiziko lokuLahla iNkunkuma elamkelekileyo ngendleko zakhe.
Abanini bezindlu ezisesikweni abanezinye izindlu kwiziza zabo ekukho iintsapho ezihlala kwezi zakhiwo zizimeleyo nazo ziya kwabelwa umgqomo ube mnye kwisakhiwo ngasinye esongezelelweyo nguMasipala yaye siya kuba selungelweni lokuqokelelelwa wona ngemiqathango eminye nale yendlu enkulu. Umnini wesiza kufuneka asayine isivumelwano esangezelelweyo noMasipala ukulungiselela ukugcina, ukuqokelelwa nokulahlwa kwaloo nkunkuma yaye uya kuba noxanduva lokuhlawula iirhafu ezifunwa nguMasipala ngokunxulumene noko.
Abantu abangamahlwempu abaselungelweni ngokwemiqathango yoMgaqo-nkqubo weRhafu yenkunkuma eQinileyo kaMasipala njengoko ulungiswa ngamathuba ngamathuba, yaye babhaliswe njengamahlwempu baya kufumana inkonzo esimahla okanye enesaphulelo semali sokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma ukulungiselela inkunkuma yeendawo zokuhlala kube kanye ngeveki evela kuMasipala. Zonke ezinye izibonelolo zalo Mthetho kaMasipala ziya kusebenza kubantu abangamahlwempu..
Naliphi na ishishini kunye /okanye iarhente elahla inkunkuma egameni laloo mashishini kufuneka inike ingxelo kuMasipala yokulahlwa kwenkunkuma ngamathuba alungeleleneyo njengoko emiselwe nguMlawuli kumaxesha ngamaxesha.
Bonke abanini kunye nabavelisi benkunkuma banoxanduva lokugcina ucoceko olufanelekileyo kunye nemigangatho yezempilo kwindawo zabo.
UMvelisi weNkunkuma ovelisa inkunkuma kumashishini kufuneka abe nesivumelwano nabanikezeli benkonzo abamkelekileyo ukulungiselela ukuqokelelwa nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma kwiziko lokulahlwa kwenkunkuma elamkelekileyo ukulungiselela ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma yamashishini. Umnini kufuneka xa kwenziwe ibango abonise kwiGosa loLawulo lwenkunkuma into yokokuba uthe wangena kwisivumelwano esifanelekileyo kunye nalo mnikezeli wenkonzo owamkelekileyo ukulungiselela ukuqokelelwa, ukuhlelwa, ukunyangwa kunye / okanye ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma enjalo mhlawumbi kube kanye ngeveki okanye njengoko kumiselwe liGosa loLawulo leNkunkuma.
Ukuba loo Nkunkuma yamashishini ithe yaba yingozi njengoko kuchaziwe yiSANS 10228 kunye ne-10229 uMnikezeli weNkonzo wecandelo langasese owamkelekileyo kuya kufuneka ngokunjalo ahambelane nayo yonke imithetho enxulumene nokuphathwa, ukuthunyelwa, nokugcinwa, nokusetyenziswa, ukunyangwa nokuthuthwa kwempahla eyingozi nokulahlwa kwayo ngokunjalo okanye isiza esizaliswe ngumhlaba esivunyelwe nguRhulumente weSizwe okanye wePhondo.
UMvelisi weNkunkuma ovelisa inkunkuma yoshishino kuya kufuneka angenise isiCwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma kuMasipala ze ahambelane nemiqathango ethiwe thaca nguMasipala ukulungiselela ukuveliswa, ukuncitshiswa, ukugcinwa ukulungiselela, ukuphinda ukusetyenziswa kwakhona, ukuqokelelwa kunye nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma ngokunjalo.
Inkunkuma yaseGadini eveliswa kwizindlu ezisetyenziselwa ikakhulu iinjongo zokuhlala inokwenziwa isivundiso nakusiphi na isiza ngokuhambelana nemiqathango kunye nezikhokelo eziqulunqwe nguMasipala ngamathuba ngamathuba.
Inkunkuma yaseGadini kufuneka igcinwe kwingqumba yesivundiso okanye kwiingxowa ezifanelekileyo ezithi mhlawumbi zigcinwe kwisiza eso de zibe ziqokelelwe, okanye zinokuthathwa zisiwe kwiziko lokulahla inkunkuma elamkelekileyo nguMvelisi weNkunkuma.
Ukuba ngaba umnini wenze amalungiselelo noMasipala ukulungiselela ukuthuthwa kwayo, unoxanduva lokuhlawula uMasipala ngale nkonzo ngokuhambelana nerhafu yawo ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho kaMasipala weRhafu kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weRhafu.
Yonke inkunkuma yeGadi engathanga ivundiswe kufuneka ifakwe kwingxowa ezifanelekileyo okanye ibotshwe ibe yimiqulu. Ubude kunye nomfuziselo oya kuthi umiselwe ngokwemiqathango yezikhokhelo zikaMasipala kunye nemiqathango enyanzeliswayo ngamathuba athile.
Kwimeko yenkunkuma yeGadi elahlwe kwimfumba ethile, njengoko imiselwe nguMasipala ngokwemiqathango yezikhokhelo zayo kunye nemiqathango egunyaziswayo kumathuba ngamathuba, uMvelisi weNkunkuna unokuyalelwa ukuba avelise itikiti lesikali esikhulu esineqoga sokuweyisha njengobungqina bokulahla ngendlela eyiyo inkunkuma leyo.
Nawuphi na umntu ovelisa ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo iNkunkuma yoKwakha kunye nomnini wesakhiwo apho inkunkuma yokwakha iveliswa khona uya kuyisusa aze ayilahle kwindawo yokutyumza eyamkeliweyo okanye isiza esizaliswe ngumhlaba okanye naliphi na elinye Iziko lokulahla iNkunkuma yoKwakha elaMkelweyo.
Ukuba ngaba inkunkuma yokwakha okanye nayiphi na enye inkunkuma ibe isulelekile yaye into leyo isuleleke yiyo iyingozi, kufuneka ilahlwe kwiZiko elamkelweyo lokuLahla iNkunkuma elilungiselelwe ukunyanga nokulahla inkunkuma eyingozi.
Umnini weziko apho inkunkuma yokwakha ilahlwa khona uya kunikezela ngengxelo qho ngenyanga kwiGosa loLawulo lenkunkuma lengqumba yenkunkuma leyo elahlwe kwiziko elo.
Zakuba izicwangciso zingenisiwe kuMasipala ukulungiselela ulwamkelo lwazo ngokwemiqathango neMimiselo yoKwakha yeSizwe kunye noMthetho weMigangatho yoKwakha ongu Nombolo 107 we - 1977, umntu ongenise ezi kufuneka angenise ngaxesha nye kunye nesiCwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma kuMasipala sisithi thaca izibonelelo ezenziweyo ezilungiselelwe ukuqokelelwa nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma yokwakha neyenye kunye nezibonelelo ezenziweyo zokugcina inkunkuma kwisiza sabo okanye sibonelele ngemvume yokugcina oko kumhlaba kaMasipala.
Ukuba ngaba iphepha-mvume alikho okanye alinakho ukuveliswa lokugcina inkunkuma leyo kumhlaba woomasipala yaye iphepha -mvume elo lifunekayo alikhange libe likhutshiwe yaye umrhumo awuhlawulwanga umvelisi wenkunkuma kunye/okanye umnini womhlaba unokohlwaywa ngokusilela ukuba nephepha-mvume aze anikwe isaziso sokususa inkunkuma.
Xa iGosa loLawulo lolwakhiwo lihlola umhlaba apho umsebenzi wolwakhiwo lihlola umhlaba apho umsebenzi wolwakhiwo uqhutywa khona ukukhangela ukuba ingaba yonke inkunkuma yolwakhiwo ilahliwe na. Umnini womhlaba uya kudinga ukuba anikezele kwiGosa elo lolwakhiwo ngobungqina bokuba ilahliwe ingqumba epheleleyo yenkunkuma yokwakha kwiziko lokulahla inkunkuma elamkelweyo ukulungiselela eliya candela lenkunkuma phambi kokufumana isiqinisekiso sokuhlala okanye imvume yokugqibela ukuba inikezelwe-.
UMvelisi weNkunkuma ovelisa inkunkuma eyingozi kunye nomnini womhlaba apho inkunkuma eyingozi iveliswa khona kufuneka benesivumelwano nomnikezeli ngenkonzo owamkelweyo sokuqokelela nokulahla inkunkuma enjalo kwiziko lokulahla inkunkuma eyingozi elamkelweyo elinephepha-mvume okanye elivunyelwe ngumthetho weSizwe okanye wePhondo.
Umntu ohambisa inkunkuma kufuneka aqinisekise ngento yokuba Iziko okanye Indawo ekuthuthelwa kuyo inkunkuma igunyazisiwe ukuba yamkelwe inkunkuma enjalo phambi kokuba ithulwe inkunkuma leyo kwisithuthi.
Nawuphi na umntu obandakanyeka ngqo okanye ongathanga ngqo nombutho, nolawulo lomdlalo, lolonwabo, inkcubeko okanye isiganeko senkonzo esithi siqhubeke, kumhlaba wangasese okanye woluntu kunye/okanye angumnini okanye ingumhlaba awulawulayo apho umdlalo, ulonwabo, inkcubeko okanye isiganeko senkonzo siza kuqhubeka khona, kubandakanwa iStediyam semidlalo kunye namaziko enkomfa, kufuneka angenise isiCwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma kuMasipala kwifomu yesiqhelo njengoko ipapashwa amathuba ngamathuba ngokubhekiselele kugcino, uqokelelo, ukulungiswa ukuba isebenze ngokutsha kunye nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma ngethuba lasemva kwesiganeko eso malunga nentsuku ezintlanu zomsebenzi phambi kwesiganeko eso sindululwayo nokuhambelana ngokwemiqathango ethiwe thaca nguMasipala. Oku ngokunjalo kufuneka kubandakanye ingcaciso engamaxabiso kunye nomququzelieli, ulawulo okanye umnini uya kuthwala uxanduva nokuhlawula indleko zoko.
Nawuphi na umntu ozimisele ukuvelisa inkunkuma ngesiganeko uya kuba nesivumelwano kunye noMnikezeli ngeNkonzo owamkelekileyo ukulungiselela ukuqokelela nokuLahla iNkunkuma yeso siganeko kwiZiko lokuLahla iNkunkuma elaMkelekileyo ze linikezele ngobungqina boku kuMasipala njengenxalenye yesiCwangciso soLawulo esiHlanganisiweyo.
Inkunkuma iya kuhlelwa njengenkunkuma engundoqo nguMlawuli ngokwemiqathango yalo Mthetho kaMasipala ukuba ngaba ukholelwa entweni yokokuba kufuneka imiqathango eyodwa ngokubhekisele kulawulo lwaloo Nkunkuma kuba ibanga ingozi enkulu kwimpilo kunye / okanye kwindalo kunye / okanye inakho ukuzingisa kwindalo kunye/okanye iqulathe okanye inakho ukukhuthaza ipathogen yezifo ezasulelayo okanye ibe ibhengeziwe njengeNkunkuma enguNdoqo ngokwemiqathango yeminye imithetho..
Ukuba, ngokwembono yoMlawuli, kukho ingxakeko efuna ulawulo lwenkunkuma, uMasipala unakho ukuya kumnini womhlaba / umvelisi wenkunkuma ukuba ayilawule malunga nesithuba esichaziweyo ngolwaneliso lukaMasipala, okanye unakho ukwenza amalungiselelo olu lawulo, kubandakanywa ukususwa nokucocwa kobutyobo kunye nesiphumo songcoliseko lomoya, uthutho nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma kwiZiko lokuLahla iNkunkuma elinephepha-mvume elilungiselelwe olu hlobo lokuveliswa kwenkunkuma. UMasipala unakho ngokunjalo ukwenza amalungiselelo, alawule yaye alungelelanise uvuselelo nokulungiswa kwaso nasiphi na isibonelelo, izakhiwo, izixhobo okanye indalo kule nkqubo. Indleko zolawulo olunjalo, zovuselelo ngokutsha kunye nokulungiswa, kubandakanywa iindleko ezenzeke ekusetyenzisweni kwezibonelelo zikaMasipala, izixhobo kunye nempahla iya kuba luxanduva lweakhawunti yomntu ongunobangela wale meko kaxakeka. Ukuba ngaba le meko kaxakeka yenziwe ngumsebenzi kaThixo yaye kukho ingxowa-mali elungiselelwe oko, uMasipala uya kujongana naloo meko kaxakeka ngendlela apha kuvuma imeko yaye kuxhonyekekwe kwingxowa-mali ekhoyo.
Uphuhliso lwamaqela abahlali okanye oshishino kunye nendawo zokuhlala eziziflethi anakho ukuseka amaqela okunciphisa inkunkuma xa athe angenisa ubungqina ngokuhambelana neemfuno ezimiselwa kumathuba ngamathuba lokokuba ayayinciphisa yaye beyiphungula inkunkuma yaye afuna inkonzo engaphantsi. Anakho ukwenza isicelo solawulo lolwazelelo olulodwa njengenkonzo eyandisiweyo kuMlawuli njengoko kuchaziwe kuMthetho kaMasipala weRhafu kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weRhafu. UMlawuli uya kuthi ngokubona kwakhe agqibe ngokuba asamkele na isicelo solawulo solwazelelo samaqela okunciphisa inkunkuma. Kufuneka angenise isiCwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma kuMlawuli yaye ukuba samkelwe ngoko nguMlawuli kufuneka sihambelane nemigaqo kunye nemiqathango ethiwe thaca nguMlawuli ukulungiselela ukuveliswa, ukuncitshiswa, ukugcinwa, ukuqokelelwa nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma enjalo.
UMlawuli uya kuqeshwa njengeGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma leBhuga yaye uya kunyula libe linye okanye ngaphezulu kumaGosa oLawulo lweNkunkuma ukulungelelanisa imiba ebhekiselele kuLawulo lwenkunkuma kuMasipala.
AmaGosa oLawulo lweNkunkuma aya kuba namagunya kunye nemisebenzi njengoko ithiwe thaca kulo Mthetho kaMasipala yaye ngokuhambelana nenkqubo kamasipala okonyula njengoko eqinisekiswe kumathuba ngamathuba nguMthetho wePhondo okanye weSizwe..
IsiCwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma kufuneka singeniswe ngaBavelisi beNkunkuma abadweliswe kumhlathi 15.9.1 ukuya ku-15.9.
Izinto ezilungiselelwe imveliso yenkunkuma ngokusetyenziswa kwakhona, ukulungiswa obekusetyenzisiwe ze kusetyenziswe kwakhona, kunye nemiqathango okanye inkqubo zovuselelo ezinokuthi zinciphise ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo zendalo kunye nendlela yokuLahlwa kweNkunkuma.
Xa ecelwa ukuba angenise isiCwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma ngokuhambelana nalo Mthetho kaMasipala, uMvelisi weNkunkuma uya kwenza njalo kwixesha elimiselwe nguMasipala ze ahambelane nayo ngokwemiqathango ethiwe thaca liGosa elo loLawulo lweNkunkuma ukulungiselela ukuvelisa, ukunciphisa, ukugcina, ukuqokelela nokulahla inkunkuma leyo.
Licele ingcangciso engaphezulu ukuba lingeniswe kunye / okanye isicwangciso esihlaziyweyo singenisiwe ukulungiselela ulwamkelo; kunye/ okanye.
Xa lisamkela isicwangciso eso iGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma sinakho ukuchaza imiqathango enxulumene nolwamkelo olo..
Ukuba ngaba isicwangciso saliwe okanye singenisiwe; iGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma liya kunika imigaqo yokuba yiyiphi imiqathango uLawulo lweNkunkuma emayithathe nguMvelisi weNkunkuma ze uMvelisi wenkunkuma asilele ukuthatha loo miqathango ngexesha elimiselweyo nelichaziweyo liGosa loLawulo lwenkunkuma, uMasipala unakho ukumilisela imiqathango enjalo yaye uMvelisi weNkunkuma uyakuthwala indleko zoko.
UMasipala unakho ukubhala isaziso efuna ukuba nawuphi na umntu anikezele ngengcaciso enjalo njengoko ifuneka ukulungiselela isiCwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma sikaMasipala. Ukuba ngaba umntu uthe wasilela ukunikezela ngaso, uMasipala unakho ukuqesha umphengululi-zincwadi ukulungiselela ukufumana ingcaciso leyo ngendleko zoMvelisi weNkunkuma.
Nawuphi na omnye umntu onikwe isaziso sokwenza njalo liGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma.
Abo bantu abaqhuba imisebenzi edweliswe kumhlathi we-19.
Nawuphi na uMvelisi weNkunkuma kufuneka enze njalo ngokuhambelana nalo Mthetho kaMasipala, othe wasilela ukungenisa okanye ukuhambelana nesiCwangciso soLawulo lweNkunkuma uya kufunyaniswa enetyala aze ohlwaywe.
Ukuba ngaba omnye wabavelisi benkunkuma elungiselela la macandelo enkunkuma ekubhekiselelwa kuwo kumhlathi we -15 ngasentla ufuna ukuba akhululwe ekubeni angenise isicwangciso solawulo lwenkunkuma, isicelo kufuneka senziwe ngembalelwano kwiGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma, echaza izizathu zesicelo.
IGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma linakho ngokunjalo ukubhengeza iindidi ezithile zenkunkuma okanye abavelisi benkunkuma kunye / okanye ubunzima obuthile okanye umthamo wenkunkuma onokukhululwa ekubeni kungeniswe isicwangciso solawulo lwenkunkuma. Abo bantu bathe bengenisa eso sicwangciso kwamanye amacandelo oburhulumente ngokuhambelana nomthetho wawo osebenzayo.
Imigqomo apho kugcinwa khona nayiphi na inkunkuma ayonakalanga yaye ayidlekanga okanye ayikho indlela engabonakala ingafanelekanga ukuba ingagcina inkunkuma ngokukhuselekileyo ukuba ngaba inkunkuma ayikho kumgqomo onikezelwe nguMasipala.
Ukuqinisekisa ngento yokokuba naziphi na izinto zikhuselekile ukuba zingaphathwa, zingaqokelelwa kunye / okanye zilahlwe yaye azingeze zibe yingozi kubantu xa zithe zafunyanwa ngabantu abangagunyaziswanga okanye amalungu oluntu.
Akukho mntu unakho ukususa inkunkuma ekufuneka iqokelelwe nguMasipala okanye nguMnikezeli ngeNkonzo owamkelweyo ngokuhambelana nalo Mthetho kaMasipala.
Nawuphi na umntu oqalisa umsebenzi wokulungisa kokube kusetyenzisiwe ze kusebenze kwakhona, wokusetyenziswa kwakhona okanye wokuvuselela okanye ohlela inkunkuma, kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelwanga kubathengisi bezinto ezilahliweyo, amaziko athenga izinto kunye namaqela asesikweni alungisa obe kusetyenziswa ukuze kusebenze kwakhona, kufunela, phambi kokuba aqalise ngalo msebenzi aqinisekise ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwempembelelo yendalo okanye inkqubo eyelele apho efunwa ngugunyazizwe wePhondo, into yokokuba ukulungisa into esele isebenzile ize isetyenziswe kwakhona, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona okanye uvuselelo lwenkunkuma akuyiyo ingozi kakhulu kwindalo ngaphezulu kokuyilahla yaye kufuneka afumane iphepha-mvume kuMasipala ngokuhambelana nezikhokhelo zakhe njengoko zipapashiwe kumathuba ngamathuba. (Amagqabantshintshi : umba wephepha-mvume kungafuneka uphinde waqwalaselwa ukuba ngaba uMthetho weSizwe olawula lo mba) Abo bantu kufuneka ngokunjalo bangenise isiCwangciso esihlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma. Xa kusenziwa isigqibo sokokuba singanikezelwa na eso sigunyaziso, iGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma liya kunika ingqwalasela yesiCwangciso esiHlanganisiweyo soLawulo lweNkunkuma.
Nawuphi na umntu oqalisa ngokulungisa obe kusebenza ukuze kusetyenziswe kwakhona, kusetyenziswa kwakhona.
Abantu kunye namaziko athi aphathe, athuthe, enze ingonakali, anyange yaye alahle inkunkuma ukulungiselela injongo zokulungisa obesele kusetyenzisiwe ukuze kusetyenziswe kwakhona aya kunikezela uMasipala ngengxelo ebhaliweyo kukumila nobukhulu bencwadi ukuba bamkelwe nguMlawuli ngomhla okanye ngaphambili komhla we -7 wenyanga nganye.
Akukho mntu unakho ukulahla inkunkuma ngendlela apha enokubangela ungcoliseko lwendalo okanye ibe yingozi kwimpilo yabantu.
Akukho mntu unakho ukulahla inkunkuma ngaphandle kokuba ihambelana nalo Mthetho kaMasipala kunye / okanye uMthetho weSizwe kunye nowePhondo.
Akukho nkunkuma iyingozi enakho ukulahlwa kumgqomo kamasipala oyilelwe ukugcina inkunkuma yezindlu okanye ushishino okanye iingxowa ekufuneka ziqokelelwe nguMasipala.
Akukho mntu unokutshisa inkunkuma ngakumbi inkunkuma eyingozi ngaphandle kwesitovu sokutshisa inkunkuma esamkelweyo esinephepha-mvume okanye ilayisensi yokwenza oko.
Akukho mntu unokufaka inkunkuma yasezindlwini, yoshishini, yorhwebo, yeGadi, yoLwakhiwo, yesiganeko okanye eyingozi kumgqomo woluntu.
Akukho mntu unokuphatha inkunkuma ngendlela apha enokuthi ibangele uthuli, ukuchitheka okanye ukungcolisa.
Akukho mntu unokulahla, unokugibisela, unokufaka, unokuchitha okanye nangayiphi na indlela ukulahla nayiphi na inkunkuma kwindawo kawonke kwidreyini kamasipala, kumhlaba, kwisiza esingenanto, kumfula, kumlambo, kwisitalato, kumgaqo, kunxweme okanye nakuyiphi na indawo apha uluntu lunelungelo lokungena, okanye ukulahla okanye ukuvumela umntu ophantsi kolawulo lwabo ukuba enze njalo.
Umnini womhlaba wangasese apho uluntu lunelungelo lokungena kufuneka aqinisekise ngento yokuba imigqomo eyaneleyo okanye iindawo zibonelelwe ezingagcina inkunkuma ethe yalahlwa luluntu.
Ukuba ngaba izibonelelo zecandelwana zihe zaphulwa, uMasipala unokuthumela ngesaziso esibhaliweyo kubantu abo ukuba baphelise ulwaphulo olo kwixesha elichaziweyo, bathintele olunye ulwaphulo olungenzeka okanye ukuqhubeka kolwaphulo, yaye uMasipala uya kuthabatha nawaphi na amanyathelo awabona elungile ukuphelisa oku okanye ukususa inkunkuma, ukuvuselela imbonakalo yendalo kubekho ifuthe kuyo nokuqinisekisa ngento yokokuba inkunkuma nayo nayiphi na enye into eyasulelekileyo enganakho ukuba ingacocwa okanye ivuselelwe iyalahlwa ngokusemthethweni. Isaziso esibhaliweyo siya kumnika umoni isithuba esingangentsuku ezi-5 zomsebenzi ukuba asuse inkunkuma kunye / okanye ukungcola okulahliweyo. UMasipala unakho ngokubona kwakhe ukunika imvume yeentsuku ezi-2 ngaphezulu xa kwenziwe isicelo ukulungiselela ukuba umoni asuse ukungcola/inkunkuma.
Umntu ongumnini womhlaba okanye wesakhiwo, okanye onolawulo lwaso okanye onelungelo lokusebenzisa umhlaba okanye isakhiwo, akanakho ukusebenzisa okanye avumele ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okanye kwesakhiwo ukulungiselela ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma okungekho mthethweni yaye kufuneka athabathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okanye isakhiwo ngezo njongo.
Kwi meko yenkunkuma eyingozi uMasipala uya kuyisusa ngoko nangoko inkunkuma aze emva kwangoko akhuphe izaziso zokokuba umoni unoxanduva lokuhlawula isohlwayo esikhutshiweyo kunye nendleko zokususwa kunye nokuvuselelwa kwendawo leyo. Ngaphezulu inkundla yamatyala inakho kwiimeko ezinzima kunye nokuphinda kwaboni akhuphe iisohlwayo esiqatha okanye ayalele ithuba elide lokuvalelwa entolongweni aze anike umyalelo wokokuba umoni ahlawule iindleko zokususwa kunye neendleko zokuvuselela loo ndawo.
Lonke uluntu okanye amaqumrhu afuna amaphepha-mvume ngokomthetho kazwelonke, wePhondo okanye uMasipala kuya kufuneka xa seceliwe liGosa lezoLawulo lweNkunkuma, ukuba babe sele benamaphepha-mvume afunekayo kwisithuba sentsuku ezingama -30 okanye njengoko kuchazwe ngokumalunga nexesha elibekiweyo ngumqeshi, ngokuchazwe liGosa..
Nayiphi na ikontraka yabucala, umasipala okanye umboneleli ngenkonzo yolawulo lwenkunkuma wabucala, angabonelela kuphela ngenkonzo athe uMasipala wakhetha ukungaboneleli ngayo yaye oko kunokwenzeka kuphela xa lowo ethe wavunyelwa nguMasipala ngokwemiqathango nemigangatho ebekwe nguMasipala njengoko kuchazwe kwisikhokelo esipapashwe nguMasipala kumaxesha ngamaxesha..
UMasipala kunye /okanye umboneleli ngenkonzo kunye /okanye umboneleli ngenkonzo ovunyiweyo okanye abanye abalahla inkunkuma egameni lomvelisi wenkunkuma ukwenza oko njengearhente yakhe.
Nawuphi na umnini uya kuvumela iGosa lezoxolo okanye nawuphi na umqeshwa ogunyazisiweyo kaMasipala othe ayalelwe ukuya kuloo mzi womnini lowo ngenjongo yokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa komthetho kaMasipala okanye ukunyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa kwawo. Elo Gosa lezoxolo liya kumiselwa ngolo hlobo ngokwemiqathango yesaziso uR209 sikaRhulumente somhla we 19 kuFebruwari ka 2007..
Xa kungenwa kumhlaba wesakhiwo, umsebenzi ogunyazisiweyo kunyanzelekile, xa kuceliwe, azazise ngokukhupha abonise isingqinisiso esibhaliweyo esinika elo gunya.
Lo msebenzi usenokuphelekwa ngomnye umntu onokumncedisa ekuqhubeni uphando, naye ekunyanzelekileyo azazise.
Xa athe uMasipala wathinteleka ekusebenziseni okanye ekuqokeleleni inkunkuma ngenxa yobume besakhiwo sikabani yaye ukuba ngokolawulo lwamaGosa oLawulo lwezeNkunkuma oko kuthintela kudala ingozi ebantwini okanye kwizixhobo zikaMasipala, uMasipala unokwenza ukuba kufuneke uMnini-sakhiwo enze inguqulelo okanye uhlenga-hlengiso okanye ulwandiso kweso sakhiwo njengoko kuyimfuneko, ngenjongo yokususa eso sithintelo, oko kusenziwa ngendleko zakhe.
Ngokwazo naziphi injongo phantsi kwalo Mthetho kaMasipala, yaye kusenokufuneka, kweso saziso kuchazwe kunikwe ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuthotyelwa kwemiyalelo ekwisaziso eso.
Ukongeza kumanyathelo achazwe kuMthetho kaMasipala kunye nesohlwayo esichaziweyo. Xa athe ubani wasilela ekuthobeleni imiyalelo enikwe kwisaziso liGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma okanye nguMasipala, uMasipala ngokunokwakhe unakho ukuthobela nawaphi na amanyathelo acinga efanelekile ukucoca okanye ukuthutha inkunkuma, ukuphucula ezo zakhiwo okanye kubekwe kulungiswe loo mmandla kulahlwe kuwo inkunkuma okanye egcinwe ngokungekho mthethweni yaye ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkunkuma kunye nempahla nezinto ezingcolisekileyo nezingenakho ukususwa, ukucocwa okanye ukuphuculwa, zilahlwa ngokusemthethweni. UMasipala unokubuyisa iindleko zakhe zokuthatha la manyathelo kubo nabaphi na abantu.abamele ukuthabatha amanyathelo anjalo phantsi kwemimiselo ephantsi kwalo mthetho kaMasipala. Abo bantu baya kuchaphazeleka bebonke nangokobuninzi babo. Xa ithe loo nkunkuma kanti inengozi okanye yayiyinkunkuma engxamisekileyo, uMasipala unokufuna ukuba amashishini adala loo nkunkuma avalwe de kuthatyathwe amanyathelo okulahla loo nkunkuma ngokusemthethweni xa kukho intsongelo ngenene yomonakalo okanye ingozi ebantwini okanye kwisakhiwo.
Iindleko ezifunwayo phantsi kweli candela zinokubandakanya kodwa kungaphelelwanga kuphela, kumsebenzi, kwezolawulo, kwizixhobo zokusebenza, kwindleko zothutho, kuphando kunye neendleko zokutshutshisa.
Nabani na othe wasilela ngaphandle kwenkathalo ukunqanda ukwenzeka kolwaphulo mthetho.
Xa kuthe kwagunyaziswa nasiphi na isaziso, umyalelo, ibango okanye olunye uxwebhu, okanye kufuneka luhanjiswe lunikezelwe kubani phantsi kommiselo woMthetho kaMasipala, oko kuya kuthatyathwa ngokwenzekileyo nokuhanjiswe ngempumelelo kuloo mntu.
Ukuba iGosa lezoLawulo lwenkunkuma lithe lakhupha isaziso kuye nabani na esimalunga nokwaphulwa nasiphi na isibonelelo phantsi koMthetho kaMasipala aze loo mntu asilele ukuthobela eso saziso, yena uya kuba netyala lokwaphula umthetho.
IGosa lezoLawulo lweNkunkuma linokuthi ngokubhala, lifune nabani na athumele ingxelo kulo malunga nempembelelo yenkunkuma ngohlobo oluthile njengoko kuchazwe kwizikhokelo zikaMasipala njengoko kupapashiwe kumaxesha ngamaxesha.
Xa athe umntu wasilela ekuthumeleni loo ngxelo ngexesha elibekiweyo, iGosa lezoLawulo lweNkunkuma linakho ukumisela umntu oyedwa nozimeleyo ukuba aqulunqe ingxelo aze indleko zokuqulunqa loo ngxelo azifune kumntu obeyalelwe ukwenza ingxelo kuqala. Ukuba unorhano lokuba umntu lowo uthe kwithuba elinye okanye amaninzi waphula umthetho okanye wasilela ukuthobela uMthetho kaMasipala okanye iphepha-mvume elikhutshwe ngumthetho wePhondo okanye kaZwelonke yaye oko kube nempembelelo embi kubume bemeko yendawo kubandakanya ezempilo, imeko zezentlalo, iimeko zezorhwebo, iimeko zeze-okholoji okanye okokwethu okwenkcubeko okanye okube negalelo kusengelo phantsi kolusingqongileyo, iGosa lezoLawulo lweNkunkuma linokuyalela ukuba loo ngxelo iqulunqwe ngumntu oyedwa nozimeleyo.
I Gosa lezoLawulo lweNkunkuma linokuyalela lowo mntu usileleyo ukuthobela uMthetho kaMasipala ukuba athathe inyathelo njengoko kuphakanyisiwe kwingxelo ukuze kuthi xa kungenzekanga oko, uMasipala ngokwakhe akwenze, ukuze lowo mntu waphule uMthetho kaMasipala ahlawule iindleko zalo msebenzi.
Xa athe umntu, esenza ngendlela ezingalunganga nezingekho mthethweni, wafaka umoya okanye wanyanzelisa umsebenzi kamasipala okanye omnye umntu ukuba aphule umthetho ophantsi kwemimiselo yalo Mthetho kaMasipala, loo mntu uya kuba netyala.
Xa athe nabani na, esenza ngendlela ezingalunganga nezingekho mthethweni, wafaka omnye okanye wanyanzelisa umsebenzi kamasipala okanye omnye umntu ukuba aphule uMthetho kaMasipala okanye enze oko ngokwakhe ngokuthi aphembelele abasebenzi bakamasipala ukuba baqokelele ukuze bayithuthe ngaphandle kwentlawulo kwibhunga elifanelekileyo okanye kungasetyenziswanga indlela zokusebenza ezizizo.
Isohlwayo xa inkunkuma ingaphaya kwi 10m3 okanye ngokubona kwenkundla phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo lama-300 oMthetho weNkqubo zoLwaphulo-mthetho inkundla inokuwisa isohlwayo kunye nesigwebo yaye iyalele ukuthuthwa kwaloo nkunkuma kunye nentlawulo zendleko malunga naloo msebenzi okanye naziphi na iindleko.
Akusayi kwamkelwa imvumo-tyala malunga nolwaphulo mthetho olusoloko luphinda phindwa lokulahla inkunkuma kwindawo engafanelekanga, kodwa phantsi kwecandelo lama -300 loMthetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo mthetho inkundla iya kuwisa isigwebo sentlawulo ngemali kunye nesigwebo yaye ichaze ekubeni kuyimfuneko na ukuba athuthe loo nkunkuma okanye ahlawule iindleko zeso senzo kwakhona alungise loo mmandla okanye ahlawule iindleko zokwenza oko.
Nabani na othutha umthwalo ongagqunywanga nothi ubangele ukuchithakala phantsi, kumele anikwe isohlwayo esingama- R500 kunye nendleko zokucoca loo nkunkuma ichIthakeleyo nokulungiswa kommandla.
Nabani na ogwetyelwe naso nasiphi na isenzo setyala phantsi koMthetho kaMasipala, uya kuthi akuba efunyenwe abe netyala.
Ahlawule imali yesigwebo ubuncinane engama-R500 kunye nesigwebo semali esingasayi kudlula kuma-R10 000 okanye ugwetyelwe intolongo ubuncinane isithuba senyanga eziyi-6 yaye ubuninzi ithuba elingadlulanga kwiminyaka emi-2 okanye isohlwayo esiyintlawulo kunye nesokugcinwa entolongweni njengoko kubonelelwe kumhlathi 27.2.2 okanye 27.2.3.
Xa kuthe kanti isigwebo sokuqala saloo mntu kwakhona nempembelelo okanye okunokuba nempembelelo empilweni, ekuziphatheni, ukhuseleko kwaye nakusingqongileyo kukuhle nje, inkundla isenokuwisa isigwebo sokuba enze inkonzo yoluntu (asebenzele uluntu) endaweni yesigwebo esiyintlawulo okanye ukuvalelwa.
Xa ilityala elikhulu yaye linempembelelo okanye lingenampembelelo kwimpilo, intlalo-ntle, ukhuseleko kunye nokuchaphazela kakubi kokusingqongileyo inkundla inokuwisa isigwebo esiyintlawulo esikhulwana okanye ithuba elidana entolongweni.
Xa ityala lithe lenziwa ngumzi wezorhwebo omkhulu ukuze isigwebo semali ntlawulo sibe sincinci kakhulu kuloo mzi unetyala, inkundla inokuwisa isigwebo eside okanye isohlwayo semali ntlawulo esikhulu ngokufanele eso senzo.
Okokuba lowo mntu ugwetyiweyo ulibazisile ekuthobeleni okanye usilele ekuthobeleni imiqathango yezaziso okanye imiyalelo ayinikiweyo loo mntu phantsi koMthetho kaMasipala.
Ukuba loo mntu uzuzile ngokwemali okanye wayeza kuzuza ngokwezimali ngenxa yokungeniswa kwetyala.
Ayalele loo mntu wetyala ukuba ngendleko zakhe yaye de uMasipala akholiseke, alungise umonakalo kunye/ okanye abuyisele ilahleko kwakhona abuyisele imo esiqhelweni.
Ukuba uMlawuli, iarhente okanye umsebenzi weshishini uyasilele okanye usilele ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe, nto leyo ilulwaphulo mthetho ukungayenzi phantsi kwalo Mthetho kaMasipala, ukuze umqeshi asilele ekwenzeni ukuze eso senzo sokungenzi nto koMlawuli, iarhente okanye umqeshwa siya kwenzeka kuba umqeshi esilele ukuthabatha amanyathelo okunqanda ukungenziwa kwaloo nto, ngokwenza njalo umqeshi unetyala. Isingqinisiso sokusilela koMlawuli, iarhente okanye umqeshwa ubungqina obunokusetyenziswa ukubonisa ukuba umqeshwa unetyala phantsi kwemimiselo yecandelwana. Kuya kumiselwa isohlwayo sentlawulo kuphela, ukuba ukugwetywa kusekelwe kweli candelwana.
UMlawuli kunye neGosa loLawulo lweNkunkuma baya kuba nelungelo/igunya lokugunyazisa naliphi na iGosa likamasipala okanye omnye ubani, ngalo naliphi na igunya/amandla okulawula anawo okanye uxanduva phantsi kwalo Mthetho kaMasipala.
Naliphi na iGosa lezoxolo okanye umqeshwa kaMasipala ogunyazisiweyo ukuba anyanzelise izibonelelo zoMthetho kaMasipala okanye othe ngethuba lokwenza umsebenzi wakhe, anyanzelise lo okanye eminye iMithetho kaMasipala, uya kuba enelungelo lokunyanzelisa nalo Mthetho kaMasipala.
UMasipala unakho ukwenza isilungiso/inguqulelo kuzo naziphi na iinkonzo zothutho lwenkunkuma okanye ukucoca nje ukuba inkqubo yokwaziswa koLuntu, uthatho nxaxheba kunye nokugqitywa kokwenziwa kothatho lwezimvo zoluntu -konke oku kwakube kugqityiwe isilungiso sinokwenziwa, nexabiso lokuyenza ingaxhomisi kwakhona injongo ikukunqanda ukwanda kwenkunkuma, ukuchithwa kwenkunkuma kunye/okanye nokuncitshiswa komthamo wenkunkuma omawuthathwe.
Nayiphi na imvumelwano enikiweyo phantsi kweMithetho kaMasipala ebinikwe nagaphambili iya kusebenza ngokuphathelele kwiindawo eyayamkelelwe zona kunye nokuphathelele kumntu lowo eyayenzelwe yena waze wavunyelwa, kodwa loo mvumelwano ayisayi kugqithiselwa komnye.
Imithetho kaMasipala ekwiShedyuli- A apha iyaguzulwa.
<fn>Women and Parliament Isixhosa.txt</fn>
Ukubandakanywa kwabafazi ekuthabatheni izigqibo kusisiseko samalungelo oluntu. Abafazi kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba ekwenziweni imithetho kuba oko kuyabuchaphazela ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla, ngokomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente. Okubalulekileyo kwakhona kokuba, uphando lubonisa ukuba kubakho ugqaliselo olongezelelekileyo nolumandla xa abafazi bethatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni izigqibo eziza kuphucula intlalo yabantu bonke. Ukonyuka kwenani labafazi abathath' inxaxheba ekwenzeni imithetho kunokukhokelela ekuphuculweni kwamathuba okufikelela kwiinkonzo ezingundoqo ezifana nezindlu, imfundo kunye nezentlalo-ntle.
BANGAyITHATHA NjANI INXAXHEBA ABAFAZI EKWENZENI IMITHETHO?
UMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika uthi makubekho ufikelelo nokubandakanyeka koluntu kwiPalamente nakwimisebenzi yayo. Oku kungenzeka ngeendlela ngeendlela.
Abafazi bangathatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni imithetho ngokuvotela iqela lezopolitiko abacinga ukuba liya kumela izimvo nemicimbi yabo ePalamente. Basenokuzibandakanya ekuququzeleleni, ekulisebenzeleni nokuba bonyulwe kwiqela elo abalichongileyo. Abafazi banyukele kumanqwanqwa aphezulu ngolu hlobo..
Uluntu lunelungelo lokuya kwiintlanganiso zekomiti kunye nokuthath' inxaxheba kwiiNdibano zoVakaliso-zimvo. Ukuba umba lowo ungotshis' ibunzi, iKomiti kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho okanye ekwiBhunga lamaPhondo kaZwelonke basenokugqiba ekubeni kubanjwe iindibano zoxakaliso-zimvo okanye bamemelele ukuba kufakwe izingeniso. Uluntu lusenokwazisa iKomiti yeMicimbi yeSebe okanye iKomiti eKhethekileyo ngezimvo zalo ngomba lowo uxoxwayo. Uluntu lusenokuqhagamshelana neLungu lePalamente ukuze luvakalisa izimvo zalo ngomthetho othile.
NGAWApHI AMALUNGIsELELO OMGAqO-sIsEKO AWENZA UKUBA ABAFAZI BAKWAZI UKUTHATH' INXAXHEBA?
UMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika ubonelela ngesikhokelo sokuxhaswa kokulingana ngokwesini, kunye nokuthath' inxaxheba kwabafazi ekwenzeni imithetho. UMgaqo-siseko unamalungiselelo okuqhubela phambili ngokulingana ngokwesini. UXwebhu lwamaLungelo oLuntu luqinisekisa ngokuphathwa ngokulinganayo kwabemi bonke boMzantsi Afrika. Olu xwebhu luyakuthintela ukucalucalulwa ngokobuhlanga okanye ngokwesini. UXwebhu lwamaLungelo oLuntu luyacacisa ukuba kufuneka kubekho amanyathelo okuxhasa ukuphunyezwa kukamasilingane kwinkalo zonke zoluntu.
UMgaqo-siseko wenza amalungiselelo kumaziko axhasa ulawulo lwesininzi kunye nokuthath' inxaxheba kwabafazi. Ezi ziquka, phakathi kwezinye zazo, iKomishoni yokuLingana ngokweSini, iKomishoni yamaLungelo oLuntu loMzantsi Afrika.
Ukwaleka kumalungiselelo akhoyo kuMgaqo-siseko, uMzantsi Afrika uzibophelele kumakulinganwe ngokwesini ngokuqinisekisa kwiingqungquthela zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-, Ngqungquthela yokuPheliswa koCalucalulo kwabaFazi kunye ne-Nkundla yoKwenza, eyasekwa ngabafazi kwiNkomfa yaseBeijing. UMzantsi Afrika uyinxalenye yeenkqubo zentshukumo eziliqela zase-Afrika kunye nokuxhotyiswa kwabafazi, umz imithetho yokuziphatha ngokwesini nophuhliso lwamaZwe asemaZantsi e-Afrika.
ZEZIpHI IINdAWO EZIBALULEKILEyO ABAFAZI ABANGATHABATHA INXAXHEBA KUZO EKWENZENI IMITHETHO?
Eyona ndlela yokuqala nebalulekileyo abafazi abangazibandakanya ngayo nePalamente kungexesha lolonyulo. Indlela abavota ngayo abantu ibonisa indlela eza kuma ngayo iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho kunye neBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe. Unyulo jikelele lunika umntu wonke ongaphezulu kobudala beminyaka eli-18 ilungelo lokuvotela iqela alithandayo. Abafazi benza inani elivakalayo labavoti kwaye bangasebenzisa ilungelo labo lokuvota ukuze babonise uhlobo lwePalamente abayinqwenelayo neziko eliza kulubeka phambili uphuhliso lwabafazi.
IPalamente yesiNe iseke ezi Komiti zilandelayo ezisebenza ngqo nemiba ebhekiselele kubafazi.
IKomiti yeMicimbi yabaseTyhini, uLutsha naBantu abaKhubazekileyo.
ISebe elitsha lezabaseTyhini, uLutsha naBantu abaKhubazekileyo lenziwe ukuqinisa iintshukumo zikarhulumente zokukhulisa nokukhusela abantu abasemngciphekweni eluntwini lwethu.
yEyIpHI IMINGENI EjONGENE NABAFAZI EKUTHABATHENI INXAXHEBA EKWENZENI?
Nangona abafazi besenza isininzi kubantu boMzantsi Afrika, basembalwa ekuthatheni izigqibo. Mininzi imingeni ethintela abafazi ekudlaleni indima enkulu nebonakalayo, kwaye enye yazo bubuhlwempu.
Ukufumana iinkonzo ezingundoqo ezifana nemfundo, amanzi, intlalo-ntle kuye kwaphenjelelwa kukungalingani ngokobuni, ubuhlanga kunye nokungalingani ngokokuhlala. Kufuneka iinkonzo ezingundoqo ziphuculwe Ukuze abafazi bakwazi ukudlala indima ebonakalayo ekwenzeni imithetho. Abafazi abahluphekileyo abafikeleli ngokwaneleyo kumaziko enza umthetho.
Uninzi lwabafazi ludinga uphuhliso kwezoqoqosho. Abafazi ngabona bakwiqela elihluphekileyo eMzantsi Afrika kwaye ngabona bangaqeshekiyo okanye bangenamisebenzi. Ngaphezu koko, iNtsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye uGawulayo uchaphazela ikakhulu inani elivakalayo labafazi, ingakumbi abafazana abasazalayo.
Ubundlobongela kubafazi busengomnye wyona mingeni inzima ojongene nawo uMzantsi Afrika. Ulawulo lwethu lwesininzi olusakhulayo lukuphucule ukufakwa kwabafazi kulawulo lwezopolitiko nakwiindawo ezithatha izigqibo. UMzantsi Afrika uwise umthetho oza kuhlangabezana kanye ukulingana ngokobuni.
Umceli-mngeni kukwenza amalungelo afikeleleke kubafazi bonke.
<fn>Xhosa-brochure.txt</fn>
Amakhaya afumanisa kunzima ukwenza imveliso yokutya naya kuthi afumane uncedo lwemali eya ku-wanceda ngezixhobo zokukhongozela amanzi emvula naya kusetyenziswa kwimveliso yokutya ekhayeni. Kwakhona, le mali iya kunceda ekugcineni imveliso yokutya ekhayeni ikwimeko entle.
UMphathiswa wezaManzi naMahlathi unoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani uwafumana ngokwaneleyo amanzi, aqinisekise ukuba amanzi kwimijelo ngemijelo ayanonotshelwa, asetyenziswe, aphuculwe, alondolozwe ze alawulwe ngendlela eya kuzinza neyanelisayo. Uphinda futhi aqinisekise ukuba iindawo ezifana nezo zazikhe zathwaxeka kanobom kwilixa langaphambili zifumana isabelo esanelisayo samanzi.
NgokweSiqendu sama-61 nama-62 soMthetho kaZwelonke wezaManzi (i-NWA ngamafutshane), uMthetho wama-36 wowe-1998, urhulumente uyile inkqubo yokubonelela amafama onkcenkceshelo angathathi ntweni naswele izixhobo ngemali, ukuze kuphuculwe indlela yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwezolimo. Eli lingelijoliswe ekuphuculeni iindlela zobonelelo ngamanzi kwezolimo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhulo kwezoqoqosho nophuculo lwentlalo yoluntu luzinzile.
Yinkxaso enjani le ikhutshwa ngurhulumente?
Oophayiphu, iindawo ezimpompa amanzi, amadama amakhulu, iindawo asuka kuzo amanzi, ukanti kuphuculwe nezixhobo zokulondolozwa nokulawulwa kwamanzi.
Ukufuna abacebisi malunga nolwakhiwo/uphuculo lwemijelo yamanzi: abaya kunceda ngokubonisa ukuba le mijelo iya kuma njani, zeziphi izixhobo ezifunekayo, amanzi alondolozwe njani, njalonjalo.
Igranti okanye abhsidi eya kusebenza ekwakheni nasekulondolozeni imijelo yamanzi, nokuhlawula iindleko zokuLawulwa kwaManzi kunye nezo zibangelwa kukwehla kwexabiso lamanzi.
Ulawulo ngokuphathwa kwemali, ukwenziwa kwesicwangciso seshishini, uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali nemiba enxulumene nezinto zasemthethweni.
Igranti eya kunceda ekuhlawuleleni iinkqubo zokwazisa ngoncedo lwamanzi emvula kwimveliso yokutya ekhayeni, kanti nakwezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo kwalapho ekhayeni.
<fn>Xhosa_100728.txt</fn>
Ubundlobongela ngokuchasene nabasuka kumazwe angaphandle lulwaphulo-mthetho!
Urhulumente akasokuze aluvumele tu naluphi na uhlobo lobundlobongela ngokuchasene naye nabani na!
Masisebenzisane ukudala ubomi obungcono babo bonke abahlala eMzantsi Afrika.
Masisebenzisane ukwakha izakhono zethu nokudala amathuba emisebenzi.
Masisebenzisane ukulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho.
Masihloniphe bonke abo bahambele okanye bahlala eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuba ngaba unolwazi ngohlaselo olucetyiweyo lokuhlasela abasuka kwamanye amazwe abahlala eMzantsi Afrika, nceda utsalele isikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe okanye kwimeko kaxakeka tsalela ku-10111.
Uhlaselo lobundlobongela kubantu abasuka kumazwe angaphandle abahlala eMzantsi Afrika abusokuze buncede nabani na.
xhoba idla ngokuba ngabantu abamsulwa - abophuli-mthetho badla ngokusinda. Apho unolwazi khona ngezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho - yazisa abasemagunyeni. Musa ukuthathela umthetho ezandleni zakho.
Urhulumente umema lonke uluntu ukuba luhlale luvundlile luze luxele naziphi na izenzo zobundlobongela ezicetyiweyo nentiyo yabasuka kwamanye amazwe.
Ukusingathwa ngokuyimpumelelo kweNdebe yeHlabathi ye-FIFA yowama-2010 kudale umfanekiso omhle ngoMzantsi Afrika nelizwekazi le-Afrika kuluntu lwezizwe-ngezizwe. Ilizwe lethu lifumene ukwanda okukhulu kwenani leendwendwe ezilihambeleyo laza laphucula ama-thuba okufumana abatyali-zimali ngoko ke namathuba omsebenzi.
Nabuphi na ubundlobongela elizweni lethu buya kubuyisela umva inzuzo esiyizuze ngokusingatha iNdebe yeHlabathi. Ihlabathi li-siqwalasele ngaphezulu kunakuqala ngoku.
Ubundlobongela abuzange baba sisisombululo.
<fn>Youth and Parliament IsiXhosa.txt</fn>
IPalamente nanjengoko inelungelo lokongamela, yiyo eyongamele ukuphunyezwa kwemithetho emiselweyo kuquka leyo isungulelwe lulutsha lwelizwe.
Ukwenza ukuba iPalamente i.keleleke lula, kukho iinkqubo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"Member's Interface" apho ulutsha lungathi ludibane neLungu lePalamente malunga nemibandela ephathelene nalo. Lunokuthi lwenze ukuba ilizwi lalo livakale ngokuvakalisa izimvo zalo ngomlomo okanye ngokubhala phantsi.
Ulutsha lukwayinxalenye yoluntu oluthi ludibane kwiiNtlanganiso zeKomiti apho imisebenzi emininzi yePalamente ithi yenzeke khona, kwaye lusenokuya nakwiingxoxo zePalamente ukuze babukele, bafunde baze baziphuhlise ngolwazi.
IPalamente inamanyathelo ohlukahlukeneyo ajolise kumabakala ngamabakala umzekelo, iPalamente yolutsha (ethi yona ibanjwe ngeNyanga yoLutsha) apho kuthi kuxoxwa ngemiba ephathelene nolutsha nalapho ithi ibe lulutsha lodwa olunikwa ilungelo lokuthetha, neenkqubo ezilungiselelwe lona.
UMgaqo-siseko unyanzelisa iPalamente ukuba ilubandakanye uluntu kwizinto ezenzeka kuyo, kungoko ulutsha nanjengoko lukwayiyo inxalenye yoluntu lumenywa rhoqo ukuba luthathe inxaxheba kumalungiselelo afana noVakaliso-zimvo loLuntu, iNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo-Palamente kunye nezinye iinkqubo zoku.kelela kuluntu nezibandakanya uluntu.
Eli phecana lifumaneka ngazo zonke iilwimi zoMzantsi-Afrika ezisemthethweni.
<fn>boabab_isiXhosa.txt</fn>
Le Mbasa kuwongwa ngayo abemi baseMzantsi Afrika ngenxa yenkonzo ebalaseleyo netshatsheleyo. Inkonzo ewongwayo yengaphezu kokwenza umsebenzi oqhelekileyo ofanele ukuwenza.
Ukwenza inkonzo kuluntu.
Le Mbasa isuselwa kwinkuthazo efanekiswa ne-Baobab engumthi wase-Afirika wommandla wetropikhi. Imvelaphi yegama- Baobab yinxalenye yamabali amaninzi emveli (legends) aqulethe okuninzi nezinto eziyimimangaliso efihlakeleyo yase-Afrika. Ibisoloko ichazwa njengomthi ongaphezu kweminye imithi ngokubaluleka e-Afrika ngenxa yokuba, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ingumthi onamandla, nonexabiso elingumqondiso nelingumlingo kubantu abayinzalelwane yase-Afrika. Ukunyamezela nokumelana neemeko okuboniswe ngulo mthi xa ukhulayo kubonakalisa inkonzo ezinzileyo nengaqhelekanga kuMzantsi Afrika ekuwongwa yona ngale Mbasa. Ngokufanayo, inkonzo eyenziwayo ikwaqinisekisa unyamezelo nokukhula kobume boMzantsi Afrika.
I-Baobab iyinto ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zamahlathi aseMzantsi Afrika apho kulinywa imithi nezilimo (crops). Ibonelela ngamaxolo okwenza ilaphu, neentambo, iziqhamo ezikukutya neenkuni zokubasa (fuel), nezinye iimveliso ezisebenzisekayo. Iingcambu zayo ezibanzi nezomeleleyo eziphumela ngaphandle zixhasa umthi omkhulu owaziwa njengendawo yokubamba iintlanganiso ezibalulekileyo ezininzi nokhuseleko kuluntu lwe-Afrika yamandulo.
I-Baobab (Baobab or Adonsonia Digitata) - eyaziwayo ngenxa yeengcambu zayo nobomi bayo obude. Ayiboneleli kuphela ngomthunzi nendawo yokubamba iintlanganiso , koko iyindawo engundoqo ekunikeni inkxaso uluntu efunyanwa kulo.
<fn>framework_isixhosa.txt</fn>
Ulwimi lomntu ngandlela zonke "luyinxalenye yakhe": ibango lendalo lomntu wonke ophilileyo, esilisebenzisayo ukuveza iminqweno nezimvo zethu, ukucacisa iingcinga nokuxabiseka kwethu, ukuphonononga amava namasiko ethu, nokwakha uluntu lwethu nemithetho elawulayo. Kungolwimi ukuba sibe sisebenza njengabantu kwilizwe elitshintsha njalo. Ilungelo lokusebenzisa iilwimi zethu ezisemthethweni esizikhetheleyo lukhankanyiwe kuMthetho wamaLungelo oYilwayo yaye uMgaqo-siseko wethu uvuma ukuba iilwimi zabantu bethu ngumthombo wolwazi ekufuneka uqiniswe.
Ndizingca ngakumbi, emva kwenkqubo ecokisekileyo yeengcebiswano, ekugqibeleni sikwimo yokubhengeza iSakhelo senkqubo yolwimi yaseMzantsi Afrika. Oku kukugqitywa kwenkqubo eyayiqalwe ngowe 1995 xa ndandiqeshe iQela elinoXanduva loCwangciso loLwimi (Language Plan Task Group)(LANGTAG) ukundicebisa ngeSakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi nesicwangciso esidibeneyo. Eli nyathelo laliyimfuneko ngokujonga ukunqongophala kokunyamezela iyantlukwano kwiilwimi yaye isiphumo "seelwimi ngeelwimi siyingxaki eyinkcitho" yindlela ecacileyo kwamanye amasebe oluntu lwethu, kwakhona unyembo olukhulayo kubantu bolwimi ngomkhwa wolwimi olunye eMzantsi Afrika.
Isakhelo senkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe sisekeke kwisiphumo seenkqubo zethu zokucebisana, ngo-LANGTAG nangeenzame zeSebe ngokuhlangeneyo noLuhlu lwabantu oluCebisayo kwiNkqubo yoLwimi. Isakhelo senkqubo yolwimi yesizwe sibalulekile kulawulo lwemithombo yethu yolwimi eyahlukeneyo nokuphumelela kwenjongo karhulumente ukunyusa inkululeko, ubulungisa, ukufaneleka nomanyano lwesizwe. Kungalo moya ukuba uphuhliso lweelwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni zelizwe lethu njengoko kubekiwe kuMgaqo-siseko luthathe iqonga eliphezulu kwinkqubo.
Esi Sakhelo seNkqubo sikwathatha unakano lomba wokuba ixabiso leelwimi zethu luqinisekiswa kakhulu luqoqosho, intlalo nopolitiko lokusetyenziswa kwazo. Xa ulwimi luphelelwe lixabiso kwezi zibakala isidima solwimi siyaduka. Isakhelo senkqubo yolwimi yesizwe sikwaqwalasela nokuba sijongene nomceli mngeni wobumbano yaye iilwimi zethu zesintu kufuneka zibe yinxalenye yommandla wobuchwepheshe obunwena ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke sijonge ukuqinisa kwakhona isidima nosetyenziso lweeLwimi zesiNtu zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Ndithemba ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika baza kusamkela esi sakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe njengesabo. Ndikholelwa ukuba ngokuhlangeneyo kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba inkqubo ibubunyani ebomini bethu, ivuma yaye isenza ukuba sibe nebhongo ngobuni bethu obubodwa boMzantsi Afrika.
Malunga nama 25 eelwimi ezahlukeneyo ezithethwayo eMzantsi Afrika, kuzo ezili 11 ezithe zanikwa ibakala elisemthethweni ngokwayamene neCandelo 6 loMgaqo-siseko, ka-1996 (UMthetho No. 108 wama 1996), phantsi kwemiba yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuquka malunga nama 98 eepesenti zoluntu luphela.
UMzantsi Afrika lilizwe elinobuninzi beelwimi. Uphawu olothusayo lobuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika ngumba wokuba iilwimi zesiNtu ezininzi zithethwa kwimida yonke yephondo, zisetyenziswa ngabathethi bolwimi bamaphondo awohlukeneyo.
Ngoku kukho ukuqonda okumandla kwemfuneko yokuqinisa iinzame zokuphuhlisa iilwimi zesintu ebezihlelelekile mandulo ukuphakamisa ubuninzi bolwimi ngenjongo yokukhulula abantu baseMzantsi Afrika kuxhomekeko olungafanelekanga lokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezingezizo ezesiNtu njengeelwimi ezisemthethweni eziveleleyo zikaRhulumente.
Ukuza kutsho ngoku ulawulo lweyantlukwano yeelwimi kuMzantsi Afrika wamandulo wocalulo lwenziwe lwayingxaki ngenxa yokusilela kwenkqubo yolwimi ecacileyo, ekhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kwesiNgesi nesiBhulu njengezona lwiimi ziveleleyo kwimihlaba yentlalo-qoqosho nopolitiko loluntu lwethu.
Emva kweminyaka esibhozo yenkululeko, uMzantsi Afrika ngoku ufikelele kumba obalulekileyo kwimbali yawo apho kufuneka sisabele kwiyantlukwano yeelwimi nenkcubeko nakwimiceli mngeni yobuninzi beelwimi obukumgaqo-siseko, yiloo nto kuvezwe esi Sakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe.
Le nkqubo yoxwebhu lesakhelo ayiqalisi kuphela indlela entsha yobuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika koko ikwakhuthaza ngokumandla ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi zesiNtu njengeelwimi ezisemthethweni ukuphakamisa nokuphuhlisa umanyano lwesizwe. Iqwalasela ukwamkelwa okuphangaleleyo kweyantlukwano yeelwimi, ubulungisa bentlalo, umthetho siseko wokufumana okulinganayo kwiinkonzo zoluntu neenkqubo, nokuhlonitshwa kwamalungelo olwimi.
Esi sakhelo sibeka ubume obufanelekileyo bolwabiwo oludibeneyo lobuninzi beelwimi kwimiba yoMgaqo-siseko.
Ukususela ekufikeni kokuqala kwamaDatshi eMzantsi Afrika ngowama-1652, kwixesha lolawulo olulandelelanayo lwamaNgesi, iManyano yoMzantsi Afrika, yaye kamva ukubekwa kukaRhulumente wengcinezelo noweRiphablikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, nokufika kwedemokrasi ngo-1994 namalungiselelo oMgaqo-siseko kubuninzi beelwimi ezisemthethweni, inkqubo yolwimi lukaRhulumente nabaphetheyo ayikwazanga kuphumelela ukunakana iyantlukwano yeelwimi eMzantsi Afrika.
Le meko yaba neziphumo zokungalingani kweelwimi nokuvelela kwesiNgesi nesiBhulu kwadala unxulumano olungalinganiyo phakathi kwezi lwiimi kunye neelwimi zesiNtu.
Ngako oko, iinkqubo zolwimi zezithanga nezocalulo, kunye neenkqubo zopolitiko ezentlalo nezoqoqosho, zavelisa uluhlu lweelwimi, ukungalingani okwahlutywa yimibutho yobuhlanga nocalulo olungalinganiyo olwenze uluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika.
Zonke ezi zenzo zadala inyaniso ecacileyo yesiphumo somgangatho weelwimi zesintu neelwimi ezizindidi ngeendidi zama-Afrika namanye amaqela ahlelelekileyo ukuquka neziThulu neeMfama - kunyanzelwa iingcinga ezigxekayo zeelwimi zesiNtu, ezingenziwa kuphela ngabathethi besiNgesi nesiBhulu, koko kwanangabathethi abaninzi beelwimi zesiNtu ngokwabo.
Le meko yandiswa ngumba wokuba ukuba ngenxa yokungakhathaleli ixesha elizayo nangezimvo ezenziwe ngokwemimiselo malunga nokuphumeza iilwimi ngeelwimi, amaziko oluntu nawabucala anento yokuthatha izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo zolwimi.
Icandelo 6 loMgaqo-siseko lunika isakhelo esiyintloko esisemthethweni sobuninzi beelwimi, uphuhliso lweelwimi ezisemthethweni nokuphakamisa ukuxabisa nokwamkela iyantlukwano yeelwimi zaseMzantsi Afrika. Inika abemi amalungelo olwimi, ekufuneka ebonakaliswe kwiinkqubo zolwimi zesizwe.
Umgaqo-siseko ugxininisa ukuba zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni "mazixhamle isidima esifanayo" zize ziphathwe ngokufanayo, ngako oko kuqiniswe umgangatho nosetyenziso lweelwimi zesintu, norhulumente ethatha amanyathelo omthetho nangamanye ukumisela nokulawula usetyenziso lweelwimi zesiNtu ezihlelelekileyo.
Umgaqo-siseko uyalele utshintsho kwimeko yolwimi kwilizwe liphela, unika ingqiqo yentlalo nopolitiko kumaqela eelwimi ezihlelelekileyo ngokubhekiselele " kwiimfuno ezixeliweyo zabahlali namaqela anomdla".
Icandelo 6 loMgaqo-siseko lifuna ukuba kubekwe ngendlela iinkqubo zokusebenza ukuphuhlisa ezi lwimi zesiNtu.
Icandelo lesi-6 nelesi- anamalungiselelo anxulumene nolwimi ngooRhulumente besizwe nabamaphondo, nalapho amasebe kaRhulumente kufuneka asebenzise ubuncinane beelwimi ezimbini ezisemthethweni.
Amanye amalungiselelo afanelekileyo aphathelele kwimiba yolwimi enziwe kwenye indawo kuMgaqo-siseko. Icandelo lesi-9 likhusela ngokuchaseneyo nocalulo olungafanelekanga ngokuphathelele kulwimi, ngexesha amacandelo 30 no 31 ebhekiselela kumalungelo oluntu ngokwayamene nokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkcubeko, inkolo nolwimi nolonwabo. Icandelo lama-35 nelesi abhekiselela kumalungelo olwimi abantu ababanjiweyo, abagciniweyo nabatyholwayo, ngokugxininisa ngakumbi kwilungelo lokuthethwa kwetyala okulungileyo ngeenkqubo ezenziwe okanye ezitolikwe ngolwimi olukhethwe nguloo mntu.
Isebe lezeMfundo (DoE) liveze iNkqubo yoLwimi kwiMfundo (LiEP), egxininisa iilwimi ezininzi njengokunatyiswa kweyantlukwano yenkcubeko nendawo ephambili yokwakha uMzantsi Afrika ongenabuhlanga. Umgqaliselo kubafundi kukugcina ulwimi lwasekhaya lokufunda nokufundisa, kodwa ukukhuthaza abafundi ukuzuza iilwimi ezongezelelweyo. ILiEP isebenza ngemiba enje (ngo/ngee)lwimi zokufunda nezokufundisa kwizikolo zikawonke-wonke, iikharityhulamu zesikolo, nemisebenzi enxulumene nolwimi yamasebe emfundo ephondo neebhodi ezilawula isikolo.
Umgaqo-siseko nonxulumano lowiso-mithetho kucaca ngokuphandle ukuphakanyiswa kobuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika. Esi Sakhelo seNkqubo ngako oko simelwe kukulungiselela ngokwanelisayo udibaniso lwenkqubo yolwimi kwimigangatho yomithathu kaRhulumente size sicacise imiba yenkqubo ecacileyo kumgangatho nosetyenziso lweelwimi zesintu ezisemthethweni kumaphondo onke alithoba eMzantsi Afrika.
Inkqubo yolwimi ithathela ingqalelo amalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko kubuninzi beelwimi yaye ihambelana neenjongo zikaRhulumente zophuhliso loqoqosho, intlalo yopolitiko nemfundo.
Kuphakamisa ulawulo olulungileyo lolwimi lwenkonzo yolawulo yoluntu efanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana nokulindelweyo neemfuno zabaxhasi.
ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa kwalo naluphina ulwimi ngeenjongo zokuxhaphaza, ukuvelela nokucalula; noku qinisa ukuzicingela kwabantu ekuhlangabezeni umdla, iimfuno nolangazelelo lweendidi ezinabileyo zabathethi bolwimi ngengxoxo nocamngco oluqhubekayo.
Ukunyusa ubuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika kufuna iinzame ezingathi zingalujongi ulwazi olukhoyo kuluntu apho iilwimi zesintu ezisemthethweni ziphambili. Oku kuza kwenziwa lusetyenziso lokubandakanywa kwabahlali njengabathathi nxaxheba kwiinkqubo zophuhliso lolwimi.
Iza kuba luncedo ukubandakanya iinkcutshe zolwimi ukuncedisa kwinkqubo yokuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zobuninzi beelwimi ngophando nokusasazwa kweziphumo.
Ukwenza intsebenziswano nolwabelwano loxanduva phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu eSADC ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lolwimi.
Kuza kuba yimfuneko ukuqhuba iinkqubo zokuhlaziya ukwenzela kulawulwe inkqubela phambili kuluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika olubuninzi bolwimi bupheleleyo.
Uluntu olusekelwe kwindlela ekuphakanyisweni kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo yeyona inokwenzeka, enikwa uluntu loMzantsi Afrika onezigxina ezininzi ngexesha elinye. Makubekho indlela ekwabelwana ngayo amagunya kwaye ibe yeyothabatho nxaxheba kuyilo lweelwimi kunye nakuphumezo lwenkqubo enyusa ubuchule bobugcisa ukuze idlulise ulwazi nezakhono.
Zonke izakhiwo zikaRhulumente (ezesizwe, zamaphondo kunye noorhulumente beengingqi), ngokunjalo namaziko asebenzisa amagunya karhulumente okanye enza umsebenzi karhulumente ngokomthetho abotshelelwe sesi Sakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi.
Ekuphakamiseni iilwimi ezininzi amaphondo ayawukwenza iinkqubo zawo ezingqinelanayo nemigaqo equlethwe kwesi Sakhelo seNkqubo, bethathela ingqalelo iimeko zemimandla yabo, kunye neemfuno zabo nokukhethwa kwalo luluntu njengoko kuxeliwe kuMgaqo-siseko.
Oorhulumente beengingqi bayakumisela ukusetyenziswa kolwimi kunye nokukhethwa luluntu kwiSakhelo seNkqubo sephondo esivumayo. Ekumiselweni kolwimi emalusetyenziswe kunye nokukhethwa luluntu, oorhulumente beengingqi, kufuneka ngokucebisana okubanzi kunye noluntu lwabo, baphuhlise, bapapashe kwaye baphumeze inkqubo yeelwimi ezininzi.
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni ziza kusetyenziswa njengoko kuyimfuneko kwimisebenzi yazo zonke izindlu zowiso-mthetho, kuqukwa neencwadi ze-Hansard, njengomcimbi wokulunga, ngaphandle kokuba kwimeko yowiso-mthetho lwamaphondo, iimeko zemimandla ziyakumisela u(ii)lwimi omalusetyenziswe.
URhulumente uyakukhuthaza, kwaye apho kukho imfuneko axhase, amashishini abucala ukuba aphuhlise kwaye aphumeze iinkqubo zawo zeelwimi ngokuvumelana neSakhelo seNkqubo yolwimi yesizwe.
U(ii)lwimi zokusebenza/u(ii)lwimi lwerekhodi: Ngokuvumelana, isakhiwo sikarhulumente ngasinye kufuneka sivumelane ngo(ii)lwimi lokusebenza (ngeenjongo zonxibelelwano lwangaphakathi kunye namanye amasebe); Ngaphandle kokuba apho kunokwenzeka akukho mntu uyakuthintelwa ukuba asebenzise u(ii)lwimi alukhethayo. Ngeenjongo zokuqhuba iintlanganiso okanye zokwenza imisebenzi ekhethekileyo zonke mazenziwe iinzame zokusebenzisa izibonelelo ezifana noguqulo kunye/okanye ukutolika (zombini ngokulandelelanayo nangaxeshanye, ngokunjalo nokutolika okusebezayo) ukulwenza lula ulwimi apho kunokwenzeka khona.
UNxibelelwano kunye namalungu oluntu: Ngeenjongo zeembalelwano ezisemthethweni, ulwimi olukhethwa ngummi malusetyenziswe. Lonke unxibelelwano lomlomo malwenzeke malwenziwe ngolwimi olukhethekayo loluntu ekujoliswe kulo. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, zonke iinzame mazenziwe ezokusebenzisa izibonelelo zokwenza lula ulwimi njengokutolika (okulandelelanayo, okwaxesha nye, olomnxeba notoliko olusebezayo) apho kunokwenzeka khona.
Apho umsebenzi onamandla nozinzileyo kaRhulumente kuwo nakuwuphi na umgangatho ufuna ulwazi lonxibelelwano olubanzi, kufuneka ushicilelwe ngazo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni kunye nakumaphondo, ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezimiselweyo.
Kwizehlo apho amaxwebhu asebuRhulumenteni angazi kufumaneka ngazo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni, amasebe kaRhulumente wesizwe funeka apapashe amaxwebhu ngaxeshanye okungenani ngeelwimi ezintandathu.
Umthetho-siseko wokutshintsha kufuneka usetyenziswe xa kukhethwa iilwimi zokupapashwa kwamaxwebhu kaRhulumente kwiilwimi zesiNguni kunye nesiSotho.
Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yeelwimi kuyakunyusa imfuno yomsebenzi wokuguqula kunye nokuhlela kunye neenkonzo zokutolika, ingakumbi kwiilwimi zesintu. Undoqo wobuchule bokuguqula kwezi lwimi kuyakufuneka ukuba unatyiswe kumasebe kaRhulumente nakumacandelo abucala, oko kukuthi, kubasebenzi ngeelwimi abasebenza ixeshana abanjengabaguquli, abahleli kunye neetoliki eziza kufuna ukuphuhliswa. Imfuno enyukileyo yeenkonzo zabasebenzi ngeelwimi abaqinisekisiweyo iyakufuna uqeqesho lwezakhono olungaphaya.
Ukusekwa kweeyunithi zeelwimi kwisebe ngalinye likarhulumente wesizwe kunye nakwiphondo ngalinye nako kuyakwenza into kumda wemisebenzi yeNkonzo yeeLwimi zeSizwe. I-NLS kuyakufuneka ukuba ilungelelanise ulawulo lokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo ngokwenza lula uqeqesho lweyunithi yesitafu seelwimi kwimisebenzi yoyilo lweelwimi kunye nokuxhasa iinkqubo zokusebenza zezi yunithi. I-NLS iya kuba yimfanelo yayo ukulungelelanisa uphuhliso lweenkqubo zokuqeqesha zabaguquli, abahleli kunye neetoliki, kunye nokuseka imigaqo yokusebenza kwimiba yobulunga.
Imimandla ye-terminography kunye nesigama nayo iya kuchaphazeleka. Ukunyuka kumsebenzi woguqulo uyakufuna uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwesigama kwiilwimi ezisemthethweni kunye noVimba wamagama weSizwe ofikelelekayo kubo bobabini abasebenzi ngeelwimi bakarhulumente nabasebenza ngamathuba athile.
Ukufumaneka kokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe beelwimi obunokusetyenziswa ngumntu (HLT)(umzekelo, uguqulo oluncediswa ngumatshini, iinkumbulo zoguqulo, isikhangeli magama) kwiilwimi zesintu kuyakudlala indima enkulu exhasayo ekwenziweni lula kwemisebenzi yeelwimi.
Indlela yobungakanani beeyunithi zeelwimi iyakumiselwa kwaye uqeqesho lwezakhono kulo mmandla kuyakufuneka ukuba kuqalwe ngalo emva kokucingwa kwenani leelwimi ezisemthethweni eziza kusetyenziswa.
Ukungeniswa okuqhubayo kokungeniswa kwenkqubo ngexesha elifutshane, eliphakathi nelide sesona sicwangciso sikhethekayo kuyo yonke imigangatho.
Ngokumayela noshicilelo lukarhulumente, uphunyezo luyakungeniswa ngendlela evumayo nejonga okubambekayo kwizibonelelo zikarhulumente okungenani kwixesha leminyaka emithathu. Okuhle kule ndlela yokungenisa kancinane kukuba amasebe aza kuba nakho ukuphuhlisa izakhono ngokwandisayo kwaye alawule inkqubo yophunyezo ngamandla.
Izakhiwo zikarhulumente ziya kuba nexesha lokuceba uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwazo ngokwenyusa kancinane ulwabiwo kwixesha le-MTEF kunye nemisebenzi yokuyila engqinelanayo nezibonelelo ezifunekayo kuphunyezo olunempumelelo lwenkqubo.
Iindlela zokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ubulunga beenkonzo zoguqulo kunye nokuhlela ziyakuphuhliswa.
Uphengululo lwenkqubo luyakuqhutywa rhoqo kwaye izindululo ziyawukwenzelwa ukuba zilungiswe apho kukho khona imfuneko ukwenzela ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo mali lunyenyiswe.
Izakhiwo ezifunekayo ukwenzela ukuqhuba inkqubo ziya kubekwa endaweni.
unxibelelwano lomlomo noluntu unxibelelwano olubhaliweyo noluntu; kunye nonxibelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe apho kukho khona imfuneko.
ukuxhasa iinzame ezikhethekileyo zokulungisa kunye/okanye iinkqubo zeelwimi zesintu ezingasiwa so, iilwimi zesintu kunye neelwimi zama-Khoi, San kunye nezama-Nama, ngokunjalo no(ii)lwimi lweZandla loMzantsi Afrika; kunye nokuxhasa ukufundwa kunye nokufundiswa kwazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni zoMzantsi Afrika kuyo yonke imigangatho yesikolo.
Uluhlu lweenkcazelo lwimi-mbini Isenzo sokusebenzisa iilwimi ezimbini (akukho mfuneko yokusetyenziswa ngobuchule obulinganayo kuzo zombini).
ukuphuhliswa kolwimi Ukuphakanyiswa kolwimi ngokulubhala, ukufanisa isigama kunye nokunatyiswa kwemisebenzi ukwenzela ukuba ulwimi lusetyenziswe nakwabeendaba, kwimfundo, kwiinkqubo zomthetho kunye nolawulo, kunye nokunika umda jikelele kushicilelo lwemisebenzi yoncwadi kolo lwimi.
ukuhlela Isenzo sokufaka izilungiso kulwimi kunye/okanye isimbo kwimihlathi ebhaliweyo ubulungisa Ubulunga bokulunga, ukungakhethi, umsebenzi olinganayo; okufanelekileyo nokulungileyo.
iilwimi ezininzi ezisebenzayo Kubhekisele kukhetho lo (ii) lwimi oluthile kwisimo esikhethekileyo, kumiselwa ngumxholo apho ulwimi lusetyenziswe khona, njengomsebenzi, ababukeli kunye nomyalezo olusetyenziselwe wona.
iilwimi zelifa Iilwimi ezingasizizo ezemveli zelizwe kodwa ezize nabafuduki iilwimi ezihlelelekileyo ngokwembali NgokwaseMzantsi Afrika, ezi ziilwimi ezabekwa ezantsi ngokwesikhundla ngaloo maqela ebenamandla ngaphambili kwaye, ngenxa yoko ebezingasetyenziswa okanye ziphuhliswe khon'ukuze zisetyenziswe kwiindaba, kwimfundo (emva kwemfundo yabasaqalayo), okanye kuwonke-wonke okanye kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ngokoqoqosho. Yinkxaso encinane eyanikwayo kuphuhliso lweendlela zobugcisa bomlomo kwezi lwimi. Ziquka iilwimi zesintu, iilwimi zamafa kunye ne-SASL.
ubuchwepheshe beelwimi zabantu Ukusetyenziswa kolwazi lolwimi kuphuhliso lwezixokelelwano zekhompyutha ezinokubona, ziqonde, zitolike kwaye ziveze ulwimi lwabantu ngazo zonke iintlobo; njengophuhliso lwemisebenzi eyenza ukuba abantu bakwazi ukusebenza ngeekhompyutha.
ulwimi lwemveli Ulwimi lwemveli lwelo lizwe.
ukutolika Isenzo sokuthetha utolike ususa kulwimi olusisiseko usisa kulwimi ekujoliswe kulo.
ukuqondwa kolwimi Ubuntununtunu bokuba ulwimi lusetyenziswa njani na kuluntu, nokuba abasebenzisi bayanikwa na amalungelo abo eelwimi, kunye nokuba ulwimi lusetyenziswa njani na ukwazisa okanye ukungazisi.
ukulingana kweelwimi Ngokwemiqathango yomgaqo-siseko, zonke iilwimi fanele ukuba zifumana intlonelo elinganayo. Ukuphathwa okulinganayo kweelwimi ezimbini nangaphezulu, ingakumbi ngokumayela neendawo ezisemthethweni zoluntu ezifana nomthetho, ubulungisa, ulawulo loluntu kunye nomyalelo.
ubulungisa belwimi Ubulunga bommiselo wolwimi kunye/okanye ukuphathwa kweelwimi ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Imiba efana nenani lezithethi kunye nesikhundla solwimi sinokuchaphazela inkqubo ekubeni imisele iindawo zokusetyenziswa kolwimi oluthile.
uyilo lolwimi Uyilo lolwimi lujolise kwizisombululo kwiingxaki zolwimi ngokuveza ezinye iinjongo, iindlela kunye neziphumo. Kuquka iinkqubo zokulawula kunye nokuphucula iilwimi ngophuhliso lweelwimi.
inkqubo yeelwimi Isigqibo/ummiselo osemthethweni ngobume beelwimi ezahlukeneyo ezithethwa kuluntu lweentlobo ngeentlobo/ubuninzi beelwimi, umzekelo loluphi ulwimi oluya kuba lolwesizwe okanye olusemthethweni, zeziphi iilwimi eziya kusetyenziswa njengezemimandla kwaye ubume bazo buya kuba yintoni.
amalungelo eelwimi Imithetho emisela isimo apho abemi banokuzikhethela iilwimi.
iiyunithi zeelwimi ii-arhente zikaRhulumente kumasebe kunye namaphondo ezisebenza ngemiba ethe ngqo yeelwimi elo sebe kunye/okanye iphondo evela kwiNkqubo yeeLwimi yeSizwe kunye nokudibana kunye namanye amasebe kwimicimbi yeelwimi i-lexicography Umsebenzi wokuqulunqa izichazi magama.
iindlela zokuguqula ngomatshini Iindlela zekhompyutha eziguqula ngeletroniki okubhaliweyo ukusuka kolunye ulwimi kuye kolunye.
lwimi olusetyenziswayo (ulwimi lokufunda) Ulwimi lomyalelo wegumbi lokufundela njengoko kumiselwe yikharityhulam kunye nenkqubo yelwimi."Ulwimi lokufunda", luthetha ukusuka kancinane kufakwe umba wokuba kunokusetyenziswa ngaphezulu kolwimi olunye kwaye abafundi banokufikelela kolunye kunolusetyenziswayo olusemthethweni.
iilwimi ezininzi Ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu ngumntu okanye liqela labantu abathetha olo lwimi njengabemi bommandla othile okanye isizwe.
ulwimi olusemthethweni Ulwimi olusetyenziswa eburhulumenteni, ezinkundleni zomthetho, kwimfundo, kushishino, nangabeendaba.
uguqulo Isenzo sokutshintshela okubhaliweyo kulwimi okubhalwe ngalo kusiya kolunye (ekujoliswe kulo) ulwimi ngohlobo olubhaliweyo.
<fn>history_isiXhosa.txt</fn>
Ukuzalwa kwedemokhrasi entsha engacaluli ngokobuhlanga nangokwesini eMzantsi Afrika kwenza kwayimfuneko ukuba kuqwalaselwe ngokutsha inkqubo yamaWonga eSizwe. Inkqubo eyayisetyenziswa ngaphambili yayibandakanya iMbasa enye namaWonga amane awayeluphawu lwesimo esasigquba ngaphambili.
Lifuna ukuziguzula kwisimo esasigquba ngaphambili, ngoMeyi ka-1998, iBhunga likaMongameli leeNgcebiso ngamaWonga eSizwe elalisandul' ukumiselwa lanikwa umsebenzi noxanduva lokuqwalasela ngokutsha inkqubo yamaWonga eSizwe. Ukuqalisa loo msebenzi, kwamiselwa ikomiti yezobugcisa eyathi yasingatha inkqubo yophando ebanzi nebandakanyayo eyathi yabandakanya uboniswano noluntu, udliwanondlebe nabachaphazelekayo kwinqanaba lesizwe jikelele, iingxoxo zamaqela ezazijolise ekufumaneni iinkqubo ezizezinye ezazinokuthi zisetyenziswe, ugunyaziso lophando lwezembali kwanokuqokelelwa kwabayili bamajikazi neembasa ukuze bayile iimbasa ezintsha besebenzisa ulwazi ababebonelelwe ngalo.
Njengenxalenye yale nkqubo, isebe elalifudula lisaziwe njengeSebe lezoBuchule, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi noBugcisa, libambisene neNkqubo kaRhulumente yoNxibelelwano noLwazi laphanda banzi malunga neempawu kwanentsingiselo yeempawu kwiinzame zokufumana unqontsonqa wentsingiselo entsha eya kubonakalisa umoya omtsha welizwe elitsha. Iqela labahlohli ezidyunivesiti kwaneengcali ezinolwazi ngeempawu nentsingiselo yeempawu zemveli lacelwa ukuba lalathe imiba engundoqo kunye nezahlulo zayo ezibonakalisa imbali ehlangeneyo nebandakanyayo kwanamava eAfrika, nalapho kujoliswe eMzantsi Afrika ubukhulu becala. Isiphumo esihlangeneyo sale nkqubo saba kukugunyaziswa kwanokuyilwa kwamaWonga eSizwe amatsha.
UMzantsi Afrika uthabathe imitsi emininzi ukuzikhwebula kwisimo sangaphambili sokuchwethela bucala nokucalucalula ngokwesini, ibala nenkolo. Eli lizwe lithe chuu libheka phambili lilandela ikhondo elimisela ubuntu bethu ngokutsha. Kule ndlela esingise ebuntwini, inkcubeko entsha yamalungelo oluntu kwanentlonipho kwisidima somoya wobuntu zibe ziimpawu eziphawula uMzantsi Afrika.
Omnye weyona mizuzu yophawu lokushiya ngemva imeko yexesha elidlulileyo yokuchwethelwa bucala nokucalucalulwa kwabathile yaba kukuphakanyiswa kweflegi yeli entsha ngo-1994. Lo mzuzu wangqina ngokufanelekileyo iqhayiya nesidima selizwe eliqanduselayo kwanokubhiyozelwa kobuntu. Omnye yaba kukutyhilwa koPhawu lwePalamente olutsha ngomhla wama-27 kuApreli ka-2000 olwagxininisa ubambiswano olungundoqo kwimbali yabantu beli lizwe. Ngokwenjenjalo, enye intsingiselo eqaphela iAfrika kwaneempawu zayo yaba yinxalenye yenkcubeko entsha eqaqambisa uMzantsi Afrika ozelwe ngokutsha.
AmaWonga eSizwe amatsha asekelwe phezu kwalo moya wokuzalwa ngokutsha.
<fn>ikhamanga_isixhosa.txt</fn>
Le Mbasa kuwongwa ngayo abemi baseMzantsi Afrika abagqwesileyo kwiinkalo zobugcisa, inkcubeko, uncwadi, umculo, ubuntatheli nemidlalo.
Umthi i-Ikhamanga (Strelitzia) ngumqondiso wobuhle obubodwa bempumelelo ebalaseleyo yamadoda namanina athe aqaqambisa uMzantsi Afrika ngokungaphezulu kwiinkalo zobuchule, ubugcisa, inkcubeko, umculo, ubuntatheli nemidlalo.
Igubu lase-Afrika - elifanelekileyo kuzo zonke iinkcubeko zase-Afrika. limele ubugcisa, lingumqondiso wetalente egqwesileyo kunxibelelwano nakwimibhiyozo yenkcubeko.
Isihlwitha / ilanga - isithsaba singumqondiso womnqwazi/isinxibo/into ethwalwa entloko eneentsiba ethwalwa ngabadlali /abaculi, ubukhosi nabantu abahlonitshwayo. Imitha yelanga, echaza amandla, uzuko, ukukhanya, nokubasemandleni imele impumelelo yabathathi-nxaxheba kwiinkalo ezahlukileyo.
Iindlela - (Impumelelo)- ibonakalisa zonke iindlela ezibheka e-Afrika nakwiSiqalo soBuntu, ezigxininisa iindlela ende, enzima, eya empumelelweni, nakwimpumelelo ebalaseley.
<fn>implem_plan_isixhosa.txt</fn>
URhulumente uyaziqonda izinto ezicela umngeni eziqulethwe lulawulo olufanelekileyo lweelwimi ezahlukeneyo. Kungenxa yeso sizathu uCwangciso loPhumezo lusenza isindululo sokulandela indlela enokuguquguquka nenenkqubela. Ngokomba wokuba uphuculo nophuhliso lweelwimi zethu luthathwa lungundoqo kwizibonelelo zomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi, uCwangciso loPhumezo lumema ukuba kusekwe izibonelelo zokusebenza zeelwimi nezixhobo ezifunekayo ezifanelekileyo ukuphumeza ngokugqibeleleyo usetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi kwiNkonzo yobuRhulumente. Ngako oko, amaqabane esisebenzisana nawo kumgangatho wesizwe, owamaphondo nowengingqi aya kuba nendima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo yophumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi.
Xa sithathela ingqalelo into ecela umngeni kuthi, singuRhulumente, kukuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso ngenkonzo efanelekileyo esabela kwiintswelo zabemi, kwanokuthu ulwimi yindlela esiqhagamshelana ngayo nabo, kunyanzelekile ukuba umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi kwenziwe ukuba usebenze ngokungxamisekileyo. Ngako oko ndimema bonke oogxa bethu, kuquka izigqeba zikarhulumente namasebe kwakunye neBhodi yeeLwimi Zonke zoMZantsi Afrika, ukuqinisekisa ukuba olu Cwangciso loPhumezo lwenza ukuba usetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi luguquke inyani ephathekayo kubo bonke abemi bomZantsi Afrika.
Olu Cwangciso loPhumezo luyinxalenye yeSakhelo somGaqonkqubo weSizwe weeLwimi (NLPF) esinika iziphumo kubonelelo lweelwimi njengoko kumiselwe kwicandelo 6 lomGaqosiseko, 1996 (UmThetho No. 108 wowe 1996). Xa uphelele, lo mqulu uya kuquka iNkcazelo yomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi, uCwangciso loPhumezo, umThetho weeLwimi zomZantsi Afrika nemimiselo ecetywayo, kwakunye nomThetho ocetywayo wabaSebenzi ngeeLwimi basemZantsi Afrika.
UCwangciso loPhumezo lunikelwa njengesindululo esinokuguquguquka ekunokongezwa kuso ezinye izakhiwo ezichongiweyo nezixhobo zokusebenza zokukhuthaza usetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi.
INkcazelo yomGaqonkqubo yeNLPF yapapashwa ngumPhathiswa wezobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe ngomhla we-3 Disemba 2002. IKhabinethi yathi yayamkela ngomhla we-12 Februwari 2003. Injongo yomGaqonkqubo kukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngokufanayo kweelwimi ezili- 11 ezisemthethweni ngenjongo yokulungiselela ukufikeleleka ngokufanayo kwiinkonzo zoburhulumente, ulwazi neenkcukacha, kwanokuhlonela amalungelo eelwimi. Ezi njongo zixhomekeke kwimpumelelo yokuphucula nokuphuhlisa iilwimi zabemi beli ebezikade zithotyelwe umgangatho ngaphambili. Njengoko ulwimi kusisixhobo esisebenzayo soqhagamshelwano kubomi babantu ngabanye kwanoluntu, kunyanzelekile ukuba kuhlelwe ubuchule bokulungisa ukungalingani kwangaphambili.
UmGaqonkqubo ucacile ngokuphathelele kumba wophumezo. Zonke izakhiwo zoburhulumente (kurhulumente wesizwe, wephondo nowengingqi) zibotshwa zizibonelelo zomGaqonkqubo, ngokufanayo nawaphi na amaziko anamagunya kuluntu okanye awenza umsebenzi woluntu ngokomthetho.
ISebe okanye iPhondo ngalinye lingakhetha ulwimi olusebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo kufuneka kuqaphelwe ukuba akukho mntu uya kuthintelwa ekusebenziseni ulwimi azikhethela lona. Xa kuthe kwakhona imfuneko, kufuneka kubonelelwe ngobukho beenkonzo zokutolika/ukuguqulela.
Ngokuphathelele kuqhagamshelwano olubhaliweyo, kufuneka kulandelwe inkqubo yopapasho eyamkelekileyo yosetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi (kuthathelwa ingqalelo umsebenzi, ababhalelwayo kwakunye nomyalezo) kwezo meko apho kungadingeki ukuba kupapashwe ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezili- 11. Nangona kunjalo, apho ukusebenza ngokukuko nokuzinzileyo kukarhulumente nakowuphi na umgangatho kufuna uqhagamshelwano olubanzi lweenkcukacha, kufuneka kupapashwe ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezili- 11.
Kwiimeko apho amaxwebhu karhulumente engenako ukufumaneka ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezili- 11, amasebe esizwe kuya kufuneka apapashe ngaxeshanye okungenani ngeelwimi ezintandathu.
Kuya kufuneka kusetyenziswe umgqaliselo wokujikelezisa xa kukhethwa iilwimi kumaqela esiNguni nawesiSuthu. Ngako oko, iimfuno ezilindelekileyo kumasebe esizwe aseburhulumenteni kukupapasha amaxwebhu asemthethweni ngeelwimi ezintandathu.
Umgqaliselo wokujikelezisa awusebenzi kumaphondo, njengoko eya kusebenzisa iilwimi zawo ezisemthethweni ezimiselweyo.
Oorhulumente bengingqi baya kwenza isigqibo ngosetyenziso lwelwimi neminqweno yoluntu lwabo phantsi kwesakhelo sesibonelelo somgaqonkqubo weelwimi wephondo. Kwakuba kwenziwe isigqibo ngosetyenziso lweelwimi neminqweno yoluntu, kufuneka oorhulumente bengingqi, ngothethathethwano olubanzi noluntu lwabo, baphuhlise, bapapashe kwaye baphumeze umgaqonkqubo wosetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi.
Ngokuphathelele kwinjongo yembalelwano esemthethweni, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ulwimi olukhethwa ngummi. Lonke uqhagemshelwano ngomlomo kufuneka luqhutywe ngolwimi olusemthethweni lwabantu abakhonzwayo. Xa kukho imfuneko, kufuneka kusetyenziswe yonke imizamo yokusebenzisa amalungiselelo eelwimi afana nokutolika (ngokulandela emva kwentetho, ngaxeshanye, ngemfonomfono nangokutolika bokusebezela) apho kunako ukwenzeka. Oku kusebenza kumasebe oburhulumente kumaphondo nakwisizwe.
Inkqubo yophumezo iya kukhokelwa zizimiselo neenjongo ezichazwe kumGaqonkqubo.
Ukuphuhliswa kweelwimi zabantu beli, kuquka nokusekwa kwezakhelo neemveliso zophuhliso ezifana nezichazimazwi neecwadi zemigaqo yolwimi.
Ukomeleza uxanduva lukarhulumente ukuqinisekisa ukuba amancedo okunikelwa kwenkonzo asasazwa ngokufanayo ngokubonelela ngofikelelo olulinganayo kwiinkonzo ngabo bonke abemi kungakhethwa lwimi ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuthatha kwazo inxaxheba nokuba nelizwi kwimiba yoburhulumente.
Ulawulo lweelwimi ukuqinisekisa intsebenziso eluncedo yazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni nokuphucula imo kaRhulumente kuluntu.
Ukukhuthaza ukufundwa kweelwimi, ezilungiswe ngokukodwa ukumelana neentswelo zeNkonzo yobuRhulumente, ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokuko kwamagosa karhulumente kwanokuba nesakhono emsebenzini nokwenza ukuba amancedo okuba neelwimi ezininzi abonakale.
Ukukhuthaza uthethwano oluphilileyo noluqhubekayo ngokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi kuthethwana nabathatha inxaxheba nabanomdla kwiilwimi.
Uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo luya kufezekiswa ngokwezigaba ngokulandelelana kwithuba elamkelekileyo.
Inkqubo yophumezo iya kuqhutywa kwiindima ezichazwe kakuhle nezilawulekayo.
Amandla okusebenza aya kwakhiwa ngokuwongeza ngokwamaxesha ukuze uphumezo lubenentsingiselo kwaye lwenzeke ngokukuko.
Impumelelo yophumezo iya kufuna ukuguqulwa kwesiqhelo sokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezisemthethweni kwizakhiwo zoburhulumente ukuqinisekisa ukuba iilwimi zabemi belizwe zisetyenziswa ngamandla kwimiba ebanzi.
Kuya kufuneka kubekho ulawulo olululo lwamancedo ngokuphathelele kwimfuneko ekhulayo yokuguqulela nokuhlela, ngokukodwa kwiilwimi zamaAfrika.
Ingqalelo ephambili iya kunikelwa kuqeqesho olongezelelweyo lobuchule kwinguqulelo nokuhlela, ukutolika, ubhalo lwezichazimazwi nobhalo lwesigama.
Inkqubela yophumezo lomGaqonkqubo iya kuhlolwa rhoqo ngokusebenzisana ngamandla neBhodi yeeLwimi Zonke zomZantsi Afrika (PanSALB). Iingxelo ezinzulu zohlalutyo olunjalo ziya kupapashwa.
Xa kukho imfuneko kuya kusekwa ikomishini yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ngenjongo yokunceda ekwenzeni izigqibo ngophumezo lomGaqonkqubo.
UmZantsi Afrika likhaya lweentlobo ezininzi zeenkcubeko neelwimi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kuthethwa iilwimi ezinokuba ngama- 25 kweli lizwe, apho ezili- 11 zazo zinikwe igunya lokuba zezisemthethweni ngokwecandelo 6 lomGaqosiseko.
Enye yeempawu ezibonakalayo zokubekeka kweelwimi zasemZantsi Afrika kube yimeko yokuswela amagunya kwezeelwimi kwelinye icala, nogonyamelo kwelinye icala. UmGaqonkqubo wangaphambili weelwimi ezimbini ezisemthethweni wadala unxulumano olungalinganiyo phakathi kwesiNgesi nesiBhulu (ekuzizo kuphela iilwimi ebezisemthethweni ngaphambili) neelwimi zamaAfrika. Ugonyamelo lwezi lwimi lwaba neziphumi ezininzi ezingathandekiyo kubantu abaninzi abathetha iilwimi zamaAfrika ngokuphathelele kuqhagamshelwano lwabo noRhulumente, nokufikelela kwabo kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente, ubulungisa, imfundo nemisebenzi.
Uphuhliso lweelwimi zamaAfrika lubalulekile ekulungiseni ukungalingani. Ilifa lokungaphuhliswa kweelwimi ebezihlelelekile ngaphambili ngokuphathelele kuzinziso nokubhalwa ngokukuko kwamagama, isigama sobugcisa nezichazimagama yinto ecela umngeni ngamandla kuphumezo olululo lomGaqonkqubo. Ngaphezu koko, ingxelo yeLANGTAG ikhomba ukuba imeko yokungaphuhliseki kwezi lwimi ibenegalelo elibi elenze ukuba nabantu abathetha ezi lwimi babe nendelo ngokubhekiselele kwezi lwimi. Ukukhetha isiNgesi kunye/okanye isiBhulu kuphembelele imo yabo xa bejongene nolwimi lwezobugcisa.
Into ecela umngeni ngamandla kuphumezo kukusetyenziswa kwelwimi njengangoku, okunxulumene ngamandla nemisebenzi emininzi yesiNgesi kumZantsi Afrika wasemva kocalucalulo. IsiNgesi sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi, oko kukuthi, kwizakhiwo zoburhulumente nakusasazo lweendaba (ezibhaliweyo nezobuchwepheshe), emsebenzini, njengolwimi loqhagamshelwano phakathi kwamaqela, nanjengolwimi lweInthanethi nenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe. Nangona isiNgesi sibonelela ngokufikeleleka kwamathuba emisebenzi nemfundo, ngaxeshanye sisithintelo kubantu abasilelayo kubuchule bolu lwimi. Nanjengoko isiNgesi sijongwa njengesitshixo sempumelelo newonga kwezentlalo noqoqosho sidala inkxalabo kusetyenziso nolondolozo lweelwimi zabemi beli nasekuphumezeni umgaqonkqubo wokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi.
Nangona kunjalo, ubugcisa esiNgesini abandanga kakhulu njengoko kulindelwe, kwaye ukuvela kweqela eliphucukileyo kulwimi kunokubakhona. Uphando lwesizwe malunga nolwimi entlalweni obelusekelwe ikomishini yiPanSALB ngowe 2000 lubonisa ukuba bangaphaya kwama- 40% abantu bomZantsi Afrika abakholisa ukungavisisi xa kuqhagamshelanwa nabo ngesiNgesi. Lufumanise ukuba uninzi lwabantu bomZantsi Afrika abakholisekanga yindlela iilwimi zabo zisetyenziswa ngayo lucancelo lwaseburhulumenteni. Uphando lufumanise nokuthi uluntu ngokubanzi lubona iNkonzo yoLuntu ingafikeleleki ngokweelwimi.
Ukongeza kuphuhliso lweelwimi zamaAfrika, kuya kubaluleka ngaloo ndlela ukuqinisekisa usetyenziso lwazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni. UCwangciso loPhumezo lujongene nale miba ngokwenza isindululo sokuba kusekwe izakhiwo ezithile nokuchonga izixhobo zokusebenza ukulungisa le meko.
Ukwamkela inyani yokuba ukuphumeza lo mGaqonkqubo kuya kuba linyathelo elikhulu ukusuka kwindlela esebenzayo njengangoku, kuya kusetyenziswa indlela eguquguqukayo nekhulisa uphumezo ngezigaba.
Nangona amasebe ali- 10 angundoqo enokubekwa phambili ekusekweni kwamacandelo eelwimi, kuya kufuneka onke amasebe oburhulumente aseke amacandelo eelwimi.
Ukupapashwa kokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi kuya kufuneka kungeniswe ngezigaba isithuba seminyaka emithathu ngokweenkqubo zamasebe zokupapasha iindaba. Umzekelo, kuya kufuneka kupapashwe ama- 30% kunyaka woku-1, 60% kunyaka wesi-2 ne- 100% kunyaka wesi-3 weendaba ezipapashwayo.
Izakhiwo ezithile nezixhobo zokusebenza njengoko kuxoxwa ngazo kwicandelo elilandelayo zikhuthazwa ngenjongo yokuphakamisa ukusebenza ngokukuko kophumezo. Izakhiwo ziya kudingeka ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi, ukuququzelela amaphulo ophuhliso, ukukhuthaza ubungcali nokuthethelela indima yeenkonzo zeelwimi, nokuphuhlisa amancedo okusebenza. INkonzo yeSizwe yeeLwimi (NLS) yeSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko (DAC) iya kwenza amalungiselelo okuseka izakhiwo ezifunekayo kwaye idlale indima yobuququzeleli ngokuphathelele kwizixhobo zokusebenza ezichongiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, impumelelo yophumezo iya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwintsebenziswano nazo zonke izakhiwo zesizwe nezamaphondo, kwakunye nePanSALB.
Ukongeza kwizibonelelo zokusebenza ezikhoyo zePanSALB neHansard, izakhiwo ekufuneka zisekwe ukulawula uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi ngamaCandelo eeLwimi, iQonga leSizwe leeLwimi neBhunga labaSebenzi ngeeLwimi bomZantsi Afrika.
I-PanSALB liqabane elinobuchule leDAC kwimicimbi yeelwimi. Ngaloo ndlela idlala indima ephambili kuphuhliso nophuculo lweelwimi ezisemthethweni zomZantsi Afrika, nakuzo iilwimi zesiRhoyi nesiSan noLwimi lokuThetha ngeZandla lomZantsi Afrika. Imisebenzi enxulumene nokusekwa kwezakhiwo ezintsha nezixhobo zokusebenza kuya kufuneka yenziwe ngokusebenzisana nePanSALB.
Ii-PLC kufuneka zisebenze ngokusondeleleneyo namaphondo kwimicibi yeelwimi echaphazela amaphondo azo ngokukodwa.
Ii-NLU ziya kuqhubeka ukuphuhlisa izichazimagama kuzo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni. Kuya kufuneka zinxulumane ngokusondeleleneyo neCandelo loQuquzelelo lweSigama leNLS. Unxibelelwano lokwenza ingxelo ngokusebenza kwazo neeNLB kuya kufuneka lichazwe ngokucacileyo.
Ii-NLB azakhiwanga kuphela ngamalungu athetha ulwimi lweenkobe malunga nolwimi oluchaphazelekayo, kodwa isibaluli esingamandla anolwazi lobungcali njengoko kulindeleke ukuba acebise iPanSALB kwimiba enxulumene nokuseka imiGangatho, iziChazimagama, isiGama noNcwadi. Anamagunya malunga nokwamkela izichazimagama nemigangatho yolwimi.
Ngokwemo yemisebenzi yazo yokwenza imithetho, iZindlu zoWisomthetho zamaPhondo kunye nePalamente, njengelungelo lazo, kufuneka zibonelele ngeenkonzo ngazo zonke iilwimi ezili- 11 ezisemthethweni. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko zenqila nazo ziya kumisela iilwimi ekuya kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Ngamanye amazwi, amaphondo akanyanzelekanga ukubonelela ngazo zonke iilwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni. IiOfisi zeHansard ePalamente nakumaphondo ahlukeneyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni lo myalelo. Ngaloo ndlela ke kunyanzelekile ukuba ezi ofisi zisebenze ngokusondeleleneyo namaCandelo eeLwimi nezinye izakhiwo ezichaphazelekayo.
Uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi luya kudala ukukhula okukhulu kwiimfuno zeenkonzo zeelwimi, ngokukodwa uguqulelo, ukuhlela nophuhliso lwesigama. Ngokophando lowe- 2001 lweDAC, izakhiwo zorhulumente wesizwe ezinokuba ngama- 40% nezamaphondo ezingama-80% zinamacandelo okujongana nemiba yoguqulelo nokuhlela, kodwa amacandelo ayashiyana ngobukhulu nangemisebenzi. Njengoko umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi uza kusebenza, imfuno yeyokuba onke amasebe orhulumente wesizwe nowamaphondo kufuneka abenawo amacandelo eelwimi.
Amacandelo eelwimi ajongene nokulawula uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi aya kusekwa kuwo onke amasebe oburhulumente nakwiphondo ngalinye.
okanye iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezikhethiweyo liphondo elo. Ukuthumela umsebenzi kubaguquleli babucala kuya kulawulwa ngumgaqonkqubo wokuthumela phandle ukuguqulela nokuhlela, ekuya kulindeleka ukuba ucacise ukukhutshwa kwezicelimaxabiso zeenkonzo zokuguqulela nokuhlela okungenani njalo kwiminyaka emibini.
Amacandelo eelwimi aya kuba yintsika yokuqinisekisa usetyenziso oluqhubekayo lweelwimi ezisemthethweni ngokwemfuno yomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi. Aya kuxhasa neenzame zokuphumeza usetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi.
Umsebenzi wala macandelo iya kuba kukulawula uphumezo lokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi kwisebe okanye iphondo elikhethekileyo nokunxibelelana namanye amasebe kwimiba yeelwimi.
Ukuzinzisa umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi kwisebe okanye iphondo.
Ukuphakamisa uqapheliso ngomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi nomGaqo wokuziPhatha kwiiLwimi phakathi kwesebe okanye iphondo.
Ukulawula nokulungiselela zonke iinkonzo zokuguqulela nokuhlela, nokuba zenziwa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle.
Ukuhlakula iziphoso nokushicilela amaxwebhu ngeelwimi ezisemthethweni.
Ukucebisa isebe okanye iphondo ngokusetyenziswa kolwimi (ngomlomo okanye ngokubhaliweyo).
Ukulawula nokulungiselela iinkqubo zokuqeqesha amagosa amatsha kuguqulelo, ukuhlela nophuhliso lwesigama, neenkqubo zeelwimi ngeelwimi ezisemthethweni kulungiselelwa amagosa esebe okanye iphondo.
Ukusebenzisana namabhunga eDAC nePanSALB (umzekelo, iikomiti zephondo zeelwimi, amabhunga esizwe eelwimi namacandelo esizwe ezichazimagama) ukuphuhlisa isigama.
Ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kolwimi olucacileyo kwiNkonzo yobuRhulumente.
Onke amacandelo eelwimi afunwa ngumGaqonkqubo kufuneka abe esekiwe ekupheleni kowama- 2005.
Kuya kusekwa iQonga leSizwe leeLwimi eliquka uthungelwano lokusebenzisana kwamabeli abavela kwizakhiwo zoburhulumente nezingekho ngaphantsi kukarhulumente. IQonga liya kudibana ngonyangantathu. Liya kuquka abameli bamaphondo naloo masebe esizwe oburhulumente ayinxalenye yenkqubo yokungeniswa ngezigaba, kwakunye nePanSALB nezakhiwo zayo. Njengoko kunokufuneka ubugcisa, kuya kufuneka ummeli weBhunga lamaZiko eMfundo ePhakamileyo abeyinxalenye yeQonga.
Injongo yeQonga leeLwimi kukukhuthaza iingxoxo ngomgaqonkqubo weelwimi nemiba yophumezo phakathi kwabasebenzi ngeelwimi neengcaphephe phantsi kokukhokelwa liSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko. Ugxininiso oluphambili lunokuba kukunxulumanisa izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zeelwimi neenkonzo ekuphumezeni iNLPF ngenjongo yokwandisa unxulumano nokusebenza ngokukuko ekusebenziseni amancedo. Kwakhona liya kuba liqonga lokwabelana ngezimvo nezehlakalo ngenjongo yokucwangcisa amaphulo neminye imisebenzi enxulumene noko.
Umsebenzi ophambili weQonga kukuhlola inkqubo yophumezo, ukujongisisa nokuhlela amaphulo ngokulandelelana ngokubaluleka, nokuqhuba amaphulo okwazisa. Liya kwenza nomsebenzi wonxibelelwano nokusebenzisana kwimiba yokuphumeza umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi. Ngaloo ndlela, injongo yalo enkulu iya kuba luphuhliso lwesigama namaphulo eelwimi ukuthintela naluphi na uphindaphindo lwemizamo, ngako oko landise imbuyekezo yotyalomali.
Kecetyiswa ukuba ukusekwa kweQonga leSizwe leeLwimi kwamkelwe ngokusesikweni.
IBhunga liya kwalathelwa ngumPhathiswa wezobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe kwaye liya kuquka umntu omnye onyulwe yiDAC, iDoJ, iPanSALB, iSAQA, neBhunga leMfundo ePhakamileyo, nabantu abathandathu abanyulwe yimibutho yeengcali neminye kumsebenzi woguqulelo, ukutolika, izichazimagama, isigama, ukuhlela ulwimi nomthetho. Amalungu eBhunga aya kuba sezikhundleni isithuba seminyaka emihlanu, kwaye aya kufaneleka ukuphindiswa ezikhundleni okanye ukwalathelwa ukuba sesikhundleni isithuba esingaphaya kwesinye. IBhunga liya kuba sisakhiwo sikarhulumente esisekwe ngokomThetho wePalamente.
Injongo yeBhunga labaSebenzi ngeeLwimi basemZantsi Afrika iya kuba kukuphakamisa umgangatho womsenzi ofundelweyo nokukhusela umgangatho womsebenzi owenziweyo. Liya kukhusela namalungu oluntu asebenzisa iinkonzo zeelwimi.
IBhunga labaSebenzi ngeeLwimi basemZantsi Afrika liya kulawula uqeqesho, uqinisekiso, nobhaliso lwabasebenzi ngeelwimi ngenzame yokuphakamisa umgangatho womsebenzi ofundelweyo weelwimi nomgangatho wemisebenzi yeelwimi ngokumisela nokulondoloza imigangatho. IBhunga liya kusebenzisana neenkqubo zoqeqesho zeSakhelo seSizwe seziQinisekiso (NQF) neBhunga leziQinisekisao zomZantsi Afrika (SAQA).
Izixhobo eziya kusetyenziswa ukulungiselela ukuphumeza umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi luphuhliso lwesigama, uguqulelo nokuhlela, ubuchwepheshe bezolwimi, umgaqo wokuziphatha weelwimi, isalathiso seenkonzo zeelwimi, uphengululo nophando lweelwimi, amaphulo okuqaphelisa ngeelwimi, iNkonzo yokuTolika ngeMfonomfono yasemZantsi Afrika, uvimba weenkcukacha, uphuhliso lweelwimi zokuThetha ngeZandla, imfundo yeelwimi nolwabiwomali.
Ukuphumeza umGaqonkqubo weeLwimi kuya kudala intswelo eninzi yokuguqulela nokuhlela, nophuhliso lwesigama kuzo zonke izihloko luya kubaluleka kakhulu, lufunise intsebenziswano nabathatha inxaxheba, amacandelo eelwimi namabhunga eelwimi (umzekelo amacandelwana ePanSALB afana namacandelo esizwe ezichazimagama, amabhunga esizwe eelwimi neekomiti zeelwimi zamaphondo). ICandelo lokuQuquzelela isiGama (TCS) leNLS liya kuzuza intsebenziswano ephilileyo ngokuthethelelwa liQonga leSizwe leeLwimi. Kuya kusekwa uVimba wesiGama weSizwe ngekhompyutha liSebe leDAC ukulungiselela ukufikeleleka nokusasazwa kwesigama ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni. Uvimba wesiGama uya kufikeleleka ngokusebenzisa I-Inthanethi kwaye iya kuhlaziywa okungenani kanye ngenyanga.
Njengangoku iNkonzo yeSizwe yeeLwimi ijongene namaphulo aliqela ukuze kuyilwe uvimba wesigama wokusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi okuqa iinkcukacha ngezihloko ezahlukeneyo, kwaye okwaziyo ukuvelisa uluhlu lwamagama ngeelwimi eziliqela ezihlanganisiweyo. Ngokweentswelo ezizodwa okanye izicelo uluhlu olunjalo lwesigama lungabonelela ngeenkcukacha ezifana neenkcazelo, imizekelo yezivakalisi, umongo ngokubhaliweyo, nemvelaphi yokupapashiweyo.
Intsebenziswano evela macala-onke namazwe emZantsi Afrika kuphuhliso lweelwimi okwabelanwa ngazo ngokwahlulwa yimida iya kukhuthazwa.
Njengangoku, kukhangeleka zisilela izibonelelo zokusebenza ngokutolika, ukuguqulela nokuhlela. Xeshikweni amacandelo eelwimi aya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekujongeni le meko ngokungephi, umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwemfuno nentswelo yeenkonzo zeelwimi namandla okubonelela ngeenkonzo ezinjalo kuya kufuneka uhlolwe.
IziKhokelo zomGaqonkqubo wokuGuqulela nokuHlela zinenjongo yokubonelela ngezikhokelo zangaphakathi zokuguqulela, ukuhlela nokuhlola amaxwebhu kwanokuthumela amaxwebhu ngaphandle ngenjongo yokuphucula ufezekiso lwenkonzo ngokubonelela ngomsebenzi womgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuxhobisa abasebenzi, ngokukodwa kuguqulelo, ukuhlela, ukutolika, izichazimagama nesigama, kuya kufuneka ukulungiselela ukuphumelela kophumezo lomGaqonkqubo. Uqeqesho ngokuphathelele kulawulo lokusetyenziswa kolwimi luya kujongwa ziinkqubo zoqeqesho eziphuhliswa yiDAC nePanSALB ngokusebenzisana nababoneleli beenkonzo abaqinisekisiweyo.
Kuya kuthethathethwana nabanikeli benkonzo ukuthi bahlele iinkqubo zamathuba asikelwe ixesha zoqeqesho usemsebenzini ukulungiselela abasebenzi ngeelwimi abakhoyo njengangoku, kuya kunikelwa ngamancedo okufunda kubasebenzi abatsha nakubasebezi abakhoyo njengangoku. Iinkqubo zoqeqesho ziya kuquka izifundo zethuba elifutshane, uqeqesho xeshikweni usebenza neenkqubo zoqeqesho ngokusisigxina.
Ukusebenzisana neSAQA, iDoE namaziko emfundo, yenye yeendlela, ebalulekileyo ekulungiseni ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi abaziingcali kwiilwimi. Iimfuno zeSakhelo seSizwe seziQinisekiso (NQF) ziya kulandelwa ekuyileni nasekuphumezeni iinkqubo zoqeqesho.
Ukuzuza nokuphuhlisa ubungcali babo bonke abasebenzi bakarhulumente kwiilwimi ezingezizo ezabo zeenkobe kuthathwa kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokukuko kufezekiso lwezithembiso kwiNkonzo yoLuntu. Iinkuthazo ziya kuphuhliswa yiDAC, ngokusebenzisana ngokusondeleleneyo nePanSALB, iDoE neDPSA, ukukhuthaza abasebenzi bakarhulumente ukubanako ukusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi ngokufunda nokulondoloza iilwimi ezongezelelweyo.
Kufuneka kusetyenziswe iteknoloji ukulungiselela intsebenziswano phakathi kwabathatha inxaxheba kwezeelwimi kwakunye nokuphuhlisa iilwimi zabemi beli lizwe. Imveliso zekhompyutha ezifana neenkqubo zokusebenzisa amagama, iinkqubo zolawulo lwesigama nemveliso yokuguqulela kufuneka zinxibelelane ukuze zikhuthaze ukutshintshana ngesigama nezinye iinkcukacha phakathi kwawo onke amacandelo eelwimi nabathatha inxaxheba abafana neHansard namacandelo esizwe ezichazimagama (iiNLU).
Ukusabela kwimfuneko yokukhawelezisa uphuhliso lweelwimi zabemi beli nokuzuza nokulawula izibhalo zekhompyutha ezinokusebenziseka kwakhona novimba wamazwi, iDAC izimisele ukuxhobisa nokubonelela ngezibonelelo zokusebenza zolwazi lweteknoloji. Iilwimi zabemi beli ziya kuxhaswa ngobuchule obutsha bophuhliso kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe obutsha, uthungelwano nokusebenza.
Umgaqo wokuziphatha weelwimi wabasebenzi bonke bakarhulumente uya kuyalela indlela abasebenzi bakarhulumente baya kuqhagamshelana nokuthethana noluntu ngayo ukuze banikele ngenkonzo efanelekileyo. Umgaqo wokuziphatha uya kuquka imigqaliselo yeBatho Pele njengoko iNkonzo yoLuntu inoxanduva lokubonelela ngolwazi olupheleleyo, noluchanekileyo kubasebenzisi benkonzo ngolwimi abaluvisisa ngokugqibeleleyo. Umgaqo uya kugxininisa into yokuba akukho mntu olindele inkonzo okanye umsebenzi karhulumente oya kuhlelelekiswa okanye abesebubini ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi.
I-DAC, kunye neDPSA ngokubonisana namanye amasebe oburhulumente, iya kuphuhlisa isasaze umgaqo njengoko kubonelelwa ngawo kumThetho weeLwimi zamZantsi Afrika. UmPhathiswa uya kupapasha imimiselo malunga nomgaqo kwiGazethi ekupheleni kowama- 2005.
Ukongeza kupapasho olukwiGazethi, kuya kusasazwa nopapasho olubhalwe ngolwimi olufikelelekayo olulula ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amagosa karhulumente ayawuqaphela umgaqo.
Isalathiso seenkonzo zeelwimi (umzekelo. Iinkcukacha ezinamagama afanelekileyo amaziko/iinkampani/amacandelo eelwimi, uguqulelo, ukuhlela, neenkonzo zesigama, ucwangciso lweelwimi) siya kuphuhliswa. Iikopi zesi salathiso ziya kusasazwa kwizakhiwo zikarhulumente wesizwe nowamaphondo, nakwimibutho yeelwimi neyunivesithi. Siya kufumaneka nakwisiza sekhompyutha seDAC kwaye siya kuhlaziywa ngokuqhubekayo. Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lophumezo lomgaqonkqubo luya kuphakanyiswa ngokubonelela ngeenkcukacha ngezibonelelo ezifumanekayo nezakhiwo zeelwimi.
Kukwakho nemfuneko yeqonga eliqhelekileyo/isixhobo elijongene nomsebenzi wokuqokelela nokusasaza iinkcukacha ngomgaqonkqubo weelwimi nemiba yophumezo, imizamo neendlela (ikakhulu kumgangatho wesizwe, kodwa nakumgangatho wenqila (emZantsi Afrika) nakumgangatho wezizwe).
Iinjongo kukukhuthaza ukutshintshiselana ngeenkcukacha, kwakunye nophando nentsebenziswano phakathi kwamaziko okulawula iilwimi namaqela anomdla. Ukongeza kwiphepha leendaba lenyangantathu, kuya kusekwa kulondolozwe isiza sekhompyutha. Iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo nezindululo ezivela kwabathatha inxaxheba ziya kufunwa ngamandla yiNLS.
Uphumezo lomgaqonkqubo oluqhubekayo nolusebenzayo nophengululo luya kufuna iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ngendlela yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi neziqhelo za ngoku ukuze kuchongwe amandla nobuthathaka bomGaqonkqubo nokuhlola inkqubela yalo. Uphando nophicotho lweeLwimi luya kuqhutywa ngokusebenzisana namabhunga afanelekileyo eelwimi afana nePanSALB kwakunye namaziko ophando nophuhliso. Iziphumo ezifunyenwe kule misebenzi yokuphanda nokuphicotha ziya kunceda urhulumente ekwenzeni izigqibo ezivisiswayo malunga nophumezo lomGaqonkqubo.
Kuya kulindelwa ukuba amacandelo eelwimi aphicothe ubungcali obukhoyo beelwimi kwakunye namandla abasebenzi kwisebe okanye iphondo. Olu lwazi luya kubaluleka kakhulu malunga nokugaya, ukuphumeza umGaqonkqubo wokuziPhatha weeLwimi nokumisela iintswelo neemfuno zesebe okanye iphondo ngokukhethekileyo.
Amaphulo okuqaphelisa ngeelwimi ayafuneka ngenjongo yokuvuselela umdla woluntu kwimiba yeelwimi.
g yokukhuthaza ukunyamezelana ngokweelwimi apha emZantsi Afrika yokuqaphelisa ngamancedo okuhlala noluntu olusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi; kwakunye yokuqinisekisa imvisiso echanekileyo yokutolikwa komgaqonkqubo kuwo onke amanqanaba.
Amaphulo okuqaphelisa ulwimi olukhethekileyo aya kuqhutywa ngamacandelo eelwimi (awesizwe nawamaphondo), iDAC nePanSALB. Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwendima yawo kuphumezo lomgaqonkqubo weelwimi, amasebe oburhulumente/abasebenzi bakarhulumente kuya kuba ngabo abajongwe ngamandla kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala. Amaphulo alungiselelwe uluntu ngokubanzi aya kuqhutywa ngaxeshanye. Izinto ezingafaniyo zokukhuthaza (umzekelo izaziso eziya kufakwa kumaphephandaba neencwadi zeendaba eziya kusasazwa) kwaye noqhagamshelwano lweendaba luya kuphuhliswa ukulungiselela iphulo ngalinye.
Kwimekobume yokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi, utoliko ngemfonomfono lubonelela uRhulumente ngezixhobo zokusebenza ezinendleko eziphantsi ukususa izithintelo zolwimi nokufikelela ngokufanaya kwiinkonzo azinikelayo. Le ndlela yokutolika ilula ngokwamkelekileyo kwaye yindlela enendleko eziphantsi zokususa umgama welizwe ngokufikelela kwetoliki ngemfonomfono. Ngaloo ndlela ukutolika ngemfonomfono kuyilungele ngokukodwa imeko embaxa yokusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi kummandla womZantsi Afrika, apho ubonelelo ngenkonzo yeelwimi inofuneka ngokukhawulezileyo kwimeko yengxakeko kwiindawo zokukhonza abacela uncedo njengakwiitliniki nezikhululo zamapolisa, apho iilwimi ezinokufuneka nexesha lokubonisana zingakwazi ukwazeka ngethuba.
I-PanSALB seyiseke iiNLB ukuba ziphuhlise, zikhuthaze kwaye zichonge izinto emakuqalwe ngazo ukuphuhlisa isiRhoyi, isiSan neeLwimi zomZantsi Afrika zokuThetha ngeZandla ukuze kuphuculwe umgangatho wazo. Ziya kuxhaxswa nazo ezinye izakhiwo ezikhoyo zokukhuthaza uphuhliso lweeLwimi zomZantsi Afrika eziThethwa ngeZandla namaphulo awela imida. Ukusebenzisana nabathatha inxaxheba kubalulekile kulo mba.
Usasazo lweendaba luya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuyileni ukuqaphela kwiSakhelo somGaqonkqubo weeLwimi. Injongo yokusebenzisa usasazo lweendaba iya kuba kukufikelela kuluntu ngenjongo yokulufundisa ngeziqulatho zomGaqonkqubo ukuze luvisise amalungelo alo noxanduva. Usetyenziso losasazo lweendaba kwimiba yomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi luya komelezwa. Ukongeza kusasazo lweendaba ngoshicilelo nobuchwepheshe, isiza sekhompyutha seDAC siya kusetyenziswa ukusasaza ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi. Amanye amasebe oburhulumente nawo aya kukhuthazwa ukuphakamisa intsebenziso yeelwimi ezininzi kwiziza zawo zekhompyutha nakwizinto azipapasha ngaphandle.
Kuya kufuneka zonke izakhiwo zikarhulumente zibonelele ngenkxaso elingeneyo yemali ukulungiselela uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo weeLwimi ngokulandela imijikelo yeSakhelo seNdleko zeThuba eliPhakathi (MTEF), apho usetyenziso lwezigaba luqalisa ekuqaleni konyakamali wama- 2003/4.
Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezikumgangatho ezifana nezoLawulo (umzekelo, ukufuduka, uhambo, indawo yokuhlala, iofisi, neendleko zemfonomfono), kwakunye noovimba/uluhlu lwezinto (ezipapashwayo, ushicilelo, amaxwebhu, izinto zokubhala, izixhobo zeofisi) nezixhobo zokusebenza (iikhompyutha, izixhobo zesandi, izixhobo zemfonomfono) nazo ziya kuba negalelo kwiindleko.
Uhlelo olulapha ngezantsi lubonisa luthelekise uqikelelo lweendleko zecandelo lweelwimi olufakwa ngezigaba zethuba leMTEF.
Ukulungiswa kocwangciso lophumezo ngokwesebe nokubala iindleko.
Uphuhliso lokubala iindleko nolwabiwomali lwesebe.
Ukufumana imithombo yenkxasomali.
Amasebe namaphondo aya kuba noxanduva lolwabiwomali lokuphumeza iNLPF kulawulo lwawo.
Abasebenzi bamaCandelo eeLwimi baya kugaywa ngamasebe asebenzayo nanikwe uxanduva lokuqeqesha emsebenzini yiDAC, ngokusebenzisana namagosa ePanSALB. Iinkqubo ezisesikweni zokuqeqesha ziya kuphuhliswa (jonga ku- 2.2.2).
Kuya kubakhona umahluko ngobukhulu bamacandelo amasebe namaphondo ahlukeneyo. Inani labasebenzi ngeelwimi abafunekayo kwicandelo leelwimi kuya kufuneka lilawulwe ngokuhambelana neenkqubo zokupapasha nolwabiwomali lwesebe nephondo.
Ubukhulu bamacandelo eelwimi buya kumiselwa yinkqubo yomsebenzi nobugcisa obufunekayo ukuqhuba nokuphumeza umGaqonkqubo. Ukwenza umzekelo, Iqela lamagosa kuya kufuneka liquke abaguquleli, abahleli, abacwangcisi beelwimi, abhali besigama, ababhali bezichazimagama, njalo njalo.
Isebe-leDAC liyaqaphela ukuba ukuphumeza umGaqonkqubo kuya kuzisa izinto ezingamandla ezicela umngeni. Nangona kunjalo, liya kuthembela ngamandla kwintsebenziswano yawo onke amaqela achaphazelekayo ukuguqula zonke iinjongo ezixeliweyo zibe zizenzo.
Ukuseka amacandelo eelwimi 1. Uphicotho lobungcali kwezeelwimi negunya lokulungiselela ugayo olunokwenzeka kumagosa akhoyo 2. Amagosa akhoyo 1. Iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ezibonisa ukusebenza kweelwimi kwizakhiwo Amasebe asebenzayo kunye neDAC 1. April 2004 2.
Ukuseka iBhunga labaSebenzi bezeeLwimi bomZantsi Afrika Ukuseka umbutho wokunika isiqinisekiso kubaguquleli, iitoliki, abayili besigama nabayili bezichazimazwi, kwanokulawula umsebenzi wobungcali 1. Uluhlu lweengcali zolwimi e-SA 2. Iingcali ezivunyiweyo zeelwimi 3.
Ukuphakamisa umgangatho weelwimi zamaAfrika kuquka isiRhoyi nesiSan noLwimi lokuthetha Ngezandla 1. Ukuqhuba amaphulo okuqaphelisa ngeelwimi 2. Ukuchonga eminye imiba yeelwimi ethinta isizwe 3. Ukuphakamisa ukuqaphelwa kwendima yabantu abathetha ulwimi 1. Ukungenela kwizakhiwo zikarhulumente ukulandela uphumezo lomGaqonkqubo 2.
Ucwangciso lophumezo lusekwe kwinkolo yokuba umThetho weeLwimi zaseSA uya kusebenza ngoSeptemba 2003.
Ukuguqulela nokuhlela amaxwebhu phantsi komGaqonkqub o 1. Ukwandiswa ngezigaba kwamaxwebhu enguqulelo nokuhlela (30% kunyaka woku-1; 60% kunyaka wesi-2; 100% kunyaka wesi-3) 2. Ulawulo lokuthunyelwa kwenguqulelo kubaguquleli abazimeleyo: . Ukulawula umgangatho.
Ukushicilela amaxwebhu phantsi komGaqonk qubo 1. Ukungenela ikontraki nabashicileli ukushicilela amaxwebhu ngokulandela ukhetho lwezigaba (30% kunyaka woku-1; 60% kunyaka wesi-2; 100% kunyaka wesi-3) 2.
Ukusebenza kunye neNLS 1. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiindibano zeelwimi zokuphumeza umGaqonkqubo, zemiba yoguqulelo nokuhlela 2. Ukubonelela ngesigama kwiNLS ngenjongo yokuxhasa uphuhliso lweelwimi noququzelelo lwesigama 1. Ukuhambela iindibano rhoqo 2.
<fn>mapungubwe_isiXhosa.txt</fn>
Le Mbasa kuwongwa ngayo abemi baseMzantsi Afrika abathe bagqwesa nabaphumelele emagqabini kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga.
Iikona ezine zengqukuva - zingumqondiso wempumelelo yoMzantsi Afrika kwilizwe jikelele.
Ilanga eliphumayo - umsobomvu omtsha ophuma e-Afrika.
Induli yeMapungubwe - yenza indawo engemva, induli yelitye lentlabathi kwintsalela yomaleko welitye lodaka kummandla oyintlango nowomileyo oneemvula eziguqu-guqukayo zehlobo. Izinto ezembiwayo zabonisa ukuba ukugqibelelela kwabakho ngenxa yeemeko ezinzima zendalo.
Umkhombe weMapungubwe-eyona nto yenkcubeko eyaziwayo efunyanwa kwingcwaba elikulo ndawo kwakusembiwa kuyo, into eyenziwe ngegolide engathi ngumfanekiswana eyenziwe yajikeleza umphakathi othambileyo, onokuba ngumthi ochweliweyo, ubungqina bokubalasela kokuba nezakhono kuluntu obubonakala kobu bukhosi.
Intonga yeMapungubwe - i-ntonga evela kwimbiza enyibilikisa igolide kumacala omabini; nezinye izinto zenkcubeko ezifunyanwa engcwabeni kwindawo ekumbiwe kuyo.
Imbiza ehonjisiweyo enyibilikisa igolide - amacala akwimo elingana twatsa asisiseko phezu kwembiza ephuphumayo yokunyibilikisa igolide, abonakalisa ubuninzi bokubalasela, kwinzululwazi nobuchule, ubungqina kwimpumelelo yamandulo yokunyibilikisa isinyithi.
Iziko lesinyithi - iimpawu zomlilo ezihlambululayo nezibangela ukugcinakala kobomi, nokusetyenziswa kwawo ukususela kwixesha le-Iron Age, ukuqhubela phambili uphuhliso nokubalasela kuluntu.
<fn>mendi_isixhosa.txt</fn>
UMhombiso kuwongwa ngawo abemi boMzantsi Afrika abathe benza isenzo sobukhalipha esibalaseleyo ngokungaphezulu nababeke ubomi babo engozini enkulu, okanye abo balahlekelwa bubomi babo, kubandakanywa nokuzama ukuhlangula ubomi bomnye umntu, okanye ukuhlangula ipropati, apha ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwiRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika.
Ikhaka elenziwe ngofele lwesilwanyana, olwenkomo ngokuthe ngqo, luyasetyenzwa lusukwe lube yimveliso esisangqa enomphandle owomeleleyo ize igqityezelwe ngesiphatho somthi . Igqudu nomkhonto zincedisana nekhaka, elinikwa iindwendwe eziza kwilizwe lethu ezivela kulo lonke ilizwe njengesenzo esingumqondiso womoya omhle.
Ilitye elinqabileyo eliluhlaza - indawo engundoqo apho iintonga zokwalatha ezintathu ziphuma khona , zimele indlela engaphambili eza kuhanjwa ekunikeni uncedo kwabo balufunayo ngexesha leentlekele zendalo nezinye iimeko ezinzima ngokugqithisileyo ezithi ziqhubeke amaxesha ngamaxesha apha kwilizwe ngokubanzi.
Ingonyama - njengemqondiso wobuhle, amandla nobukhalipha, imelwe ngamathupha ayo ajikeleza isiphetho semilo yesiphatho. Oku kubonakalisa iipatroli zemida, ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwilizwe lethu, ngabemi baseMzantsi Afrika abazimiseleyo nabakhaliphileyo. Iintonga zokwalatha ezintathu zejografi zimelwe kukuhlangana kweentyatyambo zekhala elikrakrayo, isityalo salapha eMzantsi Afrika esingumqondiso wokomelela , ukumelana neemeko ezinzima nexabiso laso ekwenzeni amayeza.
<fn>water_bylaw_xho.txt</fn>
Uxanduva lokusebenzisana nalo mthetho kamasipala.
ukupapasha isaziso kwi-Gazette yePhondo, kunye ukunikezela amaqela anomnqweno ngeekopi zopapasho olulolo hlobo, kunye ukuxhoma isaziso ukupapasha kwiibhodi zezaziso zikamasipala.
Umthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwamaXabiso uthetha umthetho kaMasipala woluhlu lwamaxabiso ophunyezwe libhunga ngokuphantsi kwecandelo 75 loMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala: woRhulumente weNgingqi, Nombolo 32 ka 2000, okanye ngokuxhomekeke kuphunyezo olo, lwesigqibo libhunga ngokuphantsi kwecandelo 75A laloo Mthetho ukurhafisa nokufumana kwakhona izimali, iintlawulo okanye uluhlu lwamaxabiso.
ubuchule benkonzo zamanzi buthetha nawuphi umhlaba apho kukho isakhiwo senkonzo eziluncedo ebantwini, esifakelwe okanye esisetyenziswa ngumasipala, okanye indawo eqokelela amanzi emvula enxulumene nonikezelo lwamanzi.
inkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi" ithetha amaziko, imisele ephezu komhlaba, imibhobho, izivalo, iimpompo, izilinganisi-manzi, okanye nezinye izixhobo ezinxulumene noko ezizezikamasipala ngokuselungelweni nezisetyenziswa okanye ezilindeleke ukusetyenziswa nguye ngokunxulumene nonikezelo lwamanzi, kunye nokuquka nayiphi inxalenye yenkqubo; kunye indawo yomthombo" ithetha umbhobho omncinci onqumlayo otsazisela kwisanti engadibananga okanye kulwakhiwo lwegrabile, olunempompo eyakhelwe kumgangatho ophantsi ukuze yonyuse isasaze namanzi.
Lo mthetho kamasipala ubophelela ilungu likarhulumente.
kufakelo lwamanzi, ngaphandle kwesibonelelo esinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi akufakelo, luya kufanela lwaphulwe ngumnini wezakhiwo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi asuka kufakelo kuya kuthathwa njengolwaphulo ngumsebenzisi-nkonzo.
Akukho mnini uya kunyanzeleka ukuba azibophelele kulo mthetho kamasipala ngokuphazamisana nofakelo lwamanzi okanye inxalenye yalo olwalumiselwe ngokusebenzisana nawo nawuphi na umthetho ofanelekileyo ophambi komhla wokuqala kwalo mthetho kamasipala.
Amanzi ayanikezelwa ngokwemiqathango yezibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala, kodwa xa kuyimbono yoMlawuli: Amanzi yokuba akuzi kuba lula ukunikezela amanzi ngendlela ebonelelwa ngulo mthetho kamasipala okanye kuza kuba ziindleko oko kuye ngamnye umsebenzisi-nkonzo kulo mmandla uthile, uMlawuli: Amanzi anganakho, ngokothethwano negosa elilawulayo leenkonzo zempilo zikamasipala, ukuqinisekisa enye indlela yokunikezela amanzi.
Apho uMlawuli: Amanzi aqinisekise enye indlela yokunikezela ngamanzi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi, lo mthetho kamasipala, ngokwemfuno leyo, uya kusetyenziswa kunikezelo-mhlaba kwimimandla enjalo, kodwa ngokwemiqathango ebekwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Apho umasipala asebenzisa unikezelo ngeenkonzo zamanzi zangaphandle, lo mthetho kaMasipala uhlala usebenza kwaye ibhunga lihlala lingumlawuli onegunya.
Ukuba igunya lofakelo lalinikezelwe ngaphambi komhla wokuqala kwalo mthetho kaMasipala, okanye ukuba umsebenzi osemthethweni uyaqhubeka ngalo mhla, lowo msebenzi kuya kufuneka uthobele nayiphi imithetho elawula uhlobo lwalo msebenzi eyayinyanzelekile kwiSixeko ngaphambi kwalo mhla.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ngokwesithuba seentsuku ezingama-90 emva kokuqala kwalo mthetho kamasipala, anike igunya lokwenza umsebenzi wofakelo ngokuhambiselana nayo nayiphi imithetho elawula olo hlobo lomsebenzi owawunyanzelekile kwiSixeko ngaphambi kwalo mhla.
Nasiphi isivumelwano sonikezelo lwamanzi, phakathi komasipala nomsebenzisi-nkonzo ongengomnini wesakhiwo abangena kuso ngaphambi kophunyezo lwalo mthetho kamasipala, siya kuhlala sinyanzelekile, de kube lixesha apho umsebenzisi-nkonzo eshiya isakhiwo nomhlaba, okanye kukho utshintsho kubunini obusemthethweni bomnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba, kusemva koko apho umasipala aya kungena kwisivumelwano nomnini wesakhiwo.
Ukuba, ngokwembono yoMlawuli: Amanzi, ufakelo lwamanzi okanye inxalenye yalo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba lunophazamiseko okanye ngokwemeko enokuthi idale ukonakala okanye ukusebenziseka kwamanzi okugqithisileyo, ungcoliseko lwamanzi, okanye ubungozi kwimpilo nakukhuseleko, uMlawuli: Amanzi ngokwesaziso esibhaliweyo kuya kufuneka ukuba umnini athobele izibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala ngokwethuba elimiselweyo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi kufuneka athethane negosa elikulawulo leenkonzo zempilo zikamasipala kwimiba yonke apho kukho ukucingeleka kwengozi yempilo okanye ungcoliseko lwempilo.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi unesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba ufakelo lwamanzi lunokuba nesiphene esinokukhokelela okanye sibeke emngciphekweni impilo nokhuseleko kubahlali bezakhiwo nomhlaba, unokufuna ukuba ufakelo lwamanzi luhlolwe okanye lulungiswe isiphene ngendleko yomnini.
Ibhunga linakho, kumaxesha ngamaxesha, nangokuhambiselana nomgaqo-nkqubo kazwelonke, kodwa ngaphantsi kwemiqathango yokugcina nokuba nakho, ngesaziso sikawonke-wonke, ligqibe imigangatho yeenkonzo enokuzinika abasebenzisi-nkonzo.
Ibhunga linokuthi ekugqibeni umgangatho wenkonzo lahlule phakathi kweendidi zabasebenzisi-nkonzo, imimandla ngokwemida kwakunye nemimandla ngokwentlalo noqoqosho.
inikezwa kubasebenzisi-nkonzo simahla ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi intlawulo, kwaye zigcinwa zisebenza ngumasipala.
kufakelwa simahla ngaphandle kwentlawulo; kwaye iii kugcinwa kusebenza ngumasipala.
UMlawuli weSixeko angaqesha amagosa anegunya.
UMlawuli weSixeko angabela nabani neliphi igosa likamasipala amagunya nemisebenzi yakhe ngokwemiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala.
UMlawuli: Amanzi angabela neliphi igosa likamasipala amagunya nemisebenzi yakhe.
Wonke umntu ongena kwiinkonzo zoncedo lwamanzi, makathobele imiqathango yoMlawuli: Amanzi esetyenziswa kunye nemiqathango yokungena kwisiza ebonakaliswe ngohlobo lwesaziso ekungeneni kwinxiwa.
Umntu ongazithobeli ezi ziqulatho zesaziso ekungeneni kwiinkonzo zoncedo zamanzi unetyala.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, kwimeko zamaxesha kaxakeka afutshanisileyo okanye kwimeko apho kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza athathe nayiphi na imiqathango efanelekileyo ukukhusela okanye ukususa loo meko okanye oko kuxakeka kufutshanisileyo.
ngesaziso esibhaliweyo ukunika umgqaliselo kumnini ukuba athathe imiqathango enjalo nanjengoko kunokuba yimfuneko ukukhusela okanye ukususa imeko okanye ukuxakeka okufutshanisileyo, okanye kwisithuba apho umnini engenakufumaneka okanye engakwazi ukuthobela kwangethuba iimfuno zoMlawuli: Amanzi, unokuthatha imiqathango elolo hlobo njengoko kuyimfuneko ukukhusela okanye ukususa loo meko okanye ukuxakeka okufutshanisileyo.
Kwisithuba apho ixesha lokuxakeka livela kufakelo lwamanzi umnini wolo fakelo lwamanzi unoxanduva ngokusemthethweni kwiintlawulo ezenziwe ngumasipala.
Kwisithuba apho inyathelo lithathwa ngokokucingela komhlathi (b) wecandelo elingezantsi, uMlawuli: Amanzi unika ingxelo ngomba lowo kuMlawuli weSixeko ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
qumamisa unikezelo lwamanzi nakuziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba, ngaphandle kokwenza isaziso kuqala, kwaye b unokungena kwezo zakhiwo enze umsebenzi wexesha lokuxakeka , ngendleko zomnini, ukuba unokubona kuyimfanelo, kwaye ngaphezulu ngesaziso esibhaliweyo afune umnini enze lo msebenzi wongezelekileyo ngethuba elimiselweyo njengoko enokubona kufanelekile.
Ilungu ngalinye likawonke-wonke kufuneka, lazi ngexesha lokuxakeka nanini, nangemeko efutshanisileyo efuna umqwalasela okhawulezileyo okanye nayiphi imeko enokwenza ukuba konakaliswe amanzi okanye angcoliseke, ukuba kufuneka lazise uMlawuli ngokukhawuleza.
Naye nawuphi na umntu othathe amanyathelo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi onganqweneli kwaziwa, unokucela ukuba igama lakhe lingaziswa nakwawaphi na amanyathelo athatyathwayo.
Wonke umntu owaphula izibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala unoxanduva lokubuyekeza umasipala ngayo nayiphi ilahleko okanye umonakalo owenziwe ngenxa lesiphumo solo lwaphulo-mthetho.
umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba ochaphazelekayo, okanye umsebenzisi-nkonzo.
UMlawuli weSixeko unokukhupha umqathango wendleko ofuna ukuba umntu onoxanduva lokuhlawula indleko ezenzeke ngokuphantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo 1 elingezantsi ahlawule ezo ndleko ngomhla omiselweyo ukuze loo mqathango uthathwe njengomthetho wexabiso elifunekayo.
Xa ilungu elinegunya lifumanise ukuba isibonelelo saphulwe/ sisetyenziswe ngokungekho mthethweni okanye imeko yenokubangela ukuba sibe kwizinga elinokukhokelela kulwaphulo lwalo mthetho kamasipala, elo gosa linegunya linokukhupha isaziso sokuthobela kumsebenzisi-nkonzo okanye kumnini owaphula izibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala.
imiqathango emayithathwe ukulungisa imeko, kwakunye nesithuba sexesha apho isaziso kufuneka sibe sesithontyelwe.
Ukuba umntu owayenikwe isaziso ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi, akathobeli imfuno zesaziso, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokuthatha lawo manyathelo njengemfuneko yokulungisa loo meko ngendleko zalowo mntu uchaphazelekayo, okanye athathe nawaphi amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela.
Uxanduva lokuthobela lo mthetho kamasipala.
Umnini unoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuthobela lo mthetho kamasipala ngokubhekiselele kuyo yonke imiba enxulumene nofakelo lwamanzi nokugcinwa kwalo lusemgangathweni ngoko.
Umsebenzisi-nkonzo unoxanduva lokuthobela lo mthetho kamasipala ngokubhekiselele kwimiba nayiphi yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
ongathobeli nayo nayiphi imiqathango esemthethweni enikwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala, okanye ophazamisa okanye ongumqobo kummeli okanye umqeshwa kamasipala ekwenzeni imisebenzi yakhe ngokuphantsi kwalo mthetho kamasipala, abekwe ityala kwaye kuyimfanelo ngokusemthethweni ukuba anikwe isigwebo.
Imithetho eyayivunywe ngokusemthethweni libhunga okanye ngamalungu alo angaphambili ngokubhekiselele kwisiqingatha seSixeko, iyarhoxiswa, kangangendlela/ngokwemiqathango yeCandelo 1 ngokwalapha.
Umntu omalungelo akhe achatshazelwe linyathelo elithathwe ngokwemiqathango yegunya okanye ngokomsebenzi ogunyazisiweyo okanye ogunyaziswe ngezantsi ngokwemiqathango yalo mthetho kamasipala, angabhena ngokuchasene neso sigqibo ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo 62 loMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala, uNombolo 32 ka 2000 : woRhulumente weNgingqi.
ngaphandle kokuba isivumelwano ekubhekiselele kuso kwicandelo 19 okanye 20 sesigqityiwe, okanye ngaphandle kuphela kungombhobho wonxibelelewano onikezelwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 26 okanye ukusuka kumbhobho wamanzi wokucima umlilo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 35, okanye ngaphandle kuphela kungendawo yesilinganisi-manzi sonikezelo manzi efakele ngokukhethekile ngumasipala ukunikezela amanzi.
Amanzi asuka kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi akayi kunikezelwa nakuziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba ngaphandle kokuba umnini wenze isicelo sonikezelo kumasipala kwaye nesicelo sivunyiwe.
Kuyimfanelo yomnini ngokusemthethweni ukuhlawula zonke izimali ngokubhekiselele kunikezelo lwamanzi, ngokugqitywe ngokwemiqathango yomthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwaMaxabiso, de lube unikezelo luphazamisekile ngokwesicelo somnini okanye kube isivumelwano siphelisiwe ngokubhekiselele kulo mthetho kamasipala, kwaye uxhomekeke kumsebenzisi-nkonzo ngazo zonke iinjongo ngethuba lesivumelwano.
umhla ovunyiweyo wokuqala kokunikezelwa kwamanzi, kunye isibhambathiso ngumceli sokuba uza kumazisa umasipala ngazo naziphi iinguqu ngokumalunga noku kungasentla.
Amanzi anikezwa ngokuphantsi kwezibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala kunye nemiqathango ebekwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Apho injongo iyeyo, okanye iyeye, amanzi enzelwe isicelo ngokwecandelo (f) elingezantsi itshintshiwe, umnini makongeze ngokukuko ekucebiseni umasipala ngezo nguqu, atsho angene kwisivumelwano esitsha nomasipala.
Ibhunga linokungena kwisivumelwano esikhethekileyo sokunikezwa kwamanzi komceli ongaphandle kweSixeko.
Ukuba ibhunga liyavuma ukunikezela amanzi kumceli ongaphandle kweSixeko, ngokubhekiselele kwisicelo esikhethekileyo linokumvumela ukuba awathengise lawo manzi kwabanye abantu, ngokuphantsi kwalo miqathango njengoko kunokufaneleka.
Akukho mntu ngayo nayiphi injongo unokugqithisa amanzi asuka nakweyiphi imvelaphi yamanzi, abeke okanye akhele umbhobho okanye isixhobo esiyeleleyo kwi-, e- okanye ngaphantsi kwesitalato, kwindawo kawonke-wonke okanye komnye umhlaba onomnini okanye ophantsi kolawulo lukamasipala, ngaphandle kokuba kubhalwe imvume kuqala eya kuMlawuli: Amanzi nangokuphantsi kwalo miqathango nanjengoko enokuyibeka.
Zonke ezimali ezihlawulwa ngokubhekiselele kunikezelo lwamanzi ngumasipala mazihambiselana noMthetho kaMasipala woLuhlu lwaMaxabiso.
Umnini unokusinqumamisa isivumelwano sesibonelelo senkonzo yokunikezelwa ngamanzi ngokunika umasipala isaziso esingagqithanga iintsuku zesaziso ezisixhenxe ngokobhala iinjongo zokwenza oko.
xa engawasebenzisanga amanzi iinyanga ezintathu zilandelelana kwaye engenzanga malungiselelo anelisayo noMlawuli: Amanzi okuqhubeka kwesivumelwano, okanye engakwazanga ukuthobela izibonelelo zalo mthetho kamasipala kwaye engakwazanga ukulungisa oko kungaphumelelanga ukuthobela lo mba wesaziso, okanye engakwazanga ukuhlawula naziphi izimali ezifanelekileyo nezihlawulwayo ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwaMaxabiso.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unokunqumamisa isivumelwano sokunikezela ngamanzi ukuba eso sakhiwo nomhlaba isivumelwano sibhekiselele kuso sashiywa/asihlalwa-mntu.
ukulawula, ukusebenzisa okanye ukugcina ngokusemgangathweni iziko loncedo lwabantu ngeenkonzo zesibonelelo samanzi, okanye athathe inyathelo lokudibanisa kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi.
Akukho mntu unokuvalela okanye athintele ukufikelela kwamagosa kamasipala kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi.
Akukho mntu unokuqala naluphi uphuhliso nakweziphi izakhiwo nemihlaba ngaphandle kokuba uMlawuli: Amanzi ufakele umbhobho wokudibanisa nesilinganisi-manzi.
Ukuba isivumelwano sokunikeza ngamanzi ngokubhekiselele kwizakhiwo nomhlaba sigqityiwe kwaye akukho mbhobho wonxibelelwano (okanye umbhobho wonxibelelwano olinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo) okhoyo ngokubhekiselele kwizakhiwo nemihlaba, umnini uza kwenza isicelo kwifomu emiselweyo aze ahlawule ixabiso elimiselweyo lofakelo lombhobho ololo hlobo ngokugqitywe ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwaMaxabiso.
uhlobo lokudibanisa olunokusetyenziswa ukwenzela ukudibanisa, kwakunye nesixhobo apho isiqingatha sofakelo lwamanzi phakathi kombhobho wonxibelelwano nesivalo esizimeleyo somnini, ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo 56, kufuneka senziwe, kwakunye nendlela yofakelo lweso siqingatha.
Ukuba isicelo senzelwe unikezelo lwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba okwindawo apho kuza kufuneka ukuba inkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi yandiswe ukuze kunikezelwe amanzi kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokuvumela unyenyiso ngokuphantsi kwaloo miqathango nanjengoko enokufuna njalo.
Ngaphandle kokuba kubekwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi, umnini kufuneka, ngendleko zakhe, aqalise ukudibanisa phakathi kofakelo lwamanzi kunye nombhobho wonxibelelwano okanye umbhobho onceda izakhiwo nomhlaba.
Umnini makagcine isiqingatha sofakelo lwamanzi ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo (e) elingezantsi ngokuchasene nokusuka.
Ngaphandle kokuba mhlawumbi kuvunyelwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi, ngumbhobho wonxibelelwano omnye kuphela onokunikezwa kuzo naziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba, kungajongwanga inani lamaqela ahlalayo, amaqela oshishino okanye abasebenzisi-nkonzo abahlala kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unokuvuma, ukudibanisa okungundoqo ngaphandle kwalowo uhleli ukhona wokunikeza amanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba; ngokuphantsi kwaloo miqathango inokubekwa, ngaphandle kokuba umnini unoxanduva lwalo naluphi unyenyiso lofakelo lwamanzi kwindawo yokudibanisa ebekwe bucala nangesivumelwano soMlawuli: Amanzi kwakunye nokuwafumana ngendleko yakhe, obo bukhoboka obuphezu kwesinye isakhiwo nomhlaba bunokufuneka.
Akukho fakelo lwamanzi luya kunikezwa namanzi ngombhobho wonxibelelwano owawufakelwe iinjongo zokwakha isakhiwo de sibe isiqinisekiso sokuthobela ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo 53 sifunyenwe ngumasipala, kwaye ukuba eso siqinisekiso esilolo hlobo asifumanekanga, uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ngokokucinga kwawo nangaphandle kokugweba kuqala, umasipala unakho ukuqhawula ukudibana okanye ukuthintela unikezelo lwamanzi kolo fakelo lwamanzi.
Ukuba uMlawuli: weZamanzi ubona ukuba umlinganiselo wombhobho wonxibelelwano awusifanelanga isizathu sobungakanani bamanzi anikiweyo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba, unakho ukufuna umnini ahlawule indleko ezimiselweyo zokususwa kombhobho okhoyo wonxibelelwano nokufakwa kombhobho wonxibelelwano onomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo ngesaziso esibhaliweyo.
enze isicelo sombhobho wonxibelelwano ukuze uncede iqela ngalinye, kwaye iii udibanise ufakelo lwamanzi ekubhekiselelwe kulo kumhlathi i udibanise kumbhobho wokunxibelelanisa ekubhekiselelwe kuwo kumhlathi ii.
b UMlawuli: weZamanzi unokunika umnini weqela ekubhekiselelwe kulo kumhlathi ai isaziso esibhaliweyo sokuba ufanele enze isicelo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 19 sonikezelo lomhlaba.
Ukuba uMlawuli: weZamanzi ujonge ukufaka umbhobho wonxibelelwano omtsha, uMlawuli: weZamanzi makanike umnini ochaphazelekayo kungabingaphantsi kweentsuku ezilishumi zokusebenza isaziso esibhaliweyo somhla apho aya kuqala ukudibanisa phakathi kofakelo lwamanzi kunye nokufakelwa kombhobho wokunxibelela ngokutsha.
Apho izakhiwo nomhlaba zinikezwe inani lemibhobho yokunxibelelana, uMlawuli: weZamanzi uya kufuna umnini anciphise inani leendawo zokudibanisa aze aguqule ufakelo lwamanzi ngokulinganayo.
Umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba makaqinisekise ukuba kukho indibaniselwano phakathi kofakelo lwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba naphakathi kofakelo lwamanzi kwezinye izakhiwo nomhlaba, ngaphandle kokuba umnini ufumene imvume yoMlawuli: weZamanzi naye athobele nayo nayiphi imiqathango ebekwe nguMlawuli: weZamanzi.
kwimeko apho isilinganisi-manzi sifakwe ngaphandle kwezakhiwo nomhlaba, kwindawo efanelekileyo kufutshane nangaphakathi komda wezakhiwo nomhlaba wakhe, ngaphandle kokuba uMlawuli: weZamanzi unakho, ekungaphumelelini komnini kwakunye nakwindleko yomnini, enze kubekho aze abe sele efakela isivalo sokwahlula.
Akukho mntu ngaphandle kwemvume yoMlawuli: weZamanzi oya kuphazamisana nesivalo sokwahlula kumbhobho wokunxibelelana.
amandla okanye izinga lokuhamba kolo nikezelo, okanye umgangatho othile wobunjani bamanzi, ngaphandle kokuba unikezelo lwamanzi oluya kumsebenzisi-nkonzo luphazamiseke ngaphezu kweeyure engama-24, ngoko umasipala uya kuzibophelela ukuba anike unikezelo olusisiseko samanzi ngokokukhawuleza anakho.
UMlawuli: weZamanzi angagxininisa kumphakamo womlinganiselo apho amanzi anokunikezwa asuka kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi.
Ukuba umnini ufuna unikezelo olungenasiphazamiso, amandla okanye izinga elithile lokuhamba okanye umgangatho othile wobunjani bamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba, kuya kufuneka umnini enze awakhe amalungiselelo okuthobela kwiimfuno ezilolo hlobo.
UMasipala angaphazamisa unikezelo lwamanzi nakweziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba ngaphandle kokwenza isaziso kuqala.
Ukuba imbono yoMlawuli: weZamanzi yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba kuphazamisa ngokumandla unikezelo lwamanzi kwezinye izakhiwo nomhlaba, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokusebenzisa izithintelo ezilolo hlobo nanjengoko kunokufuneka nakanjani ekwimo yokunikezela ngamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba wokuqala okhankanyiweyo ukuze aqinisekise unikezelo olufanelekileyo nakwezinye izakhiwo nomhlaba, aze azise umnini kunye/ okanye umsebenzisi-nkonzo ngezakhiwo nomhlaba okhankanywe kuqala ochatshazelwa zizithintelo ezilolo hlobo.
Ngokuphantsi kwalo naliphi ilungelo umasipala anokuba nalo, uMlawuli weSixeko unakho, ukuba umnini akaphumelelanga ukuhlawula isambuku asityalayo/setyala ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho kaMasipala woLuhlu lwaMaxabiso, amazise ngesaziso esibhaliweyo ngenjongo yokuthintela okanye ukuyekisa unikezelo walmanzi ngomhla othile kunye nokuthintela okanye ukuyekisa unikezelo ngalo mhla okanye emva kwawo.
Ngokuphantsi kwalo naliphi ilungelo umasipala anokuba nalo, uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ukuba umnini waphule lo mthetho kamasipala waza akakwazi ukulungisa olo lwaphulo singadlulanga isithuba esimiselweyo kwisaziso esibhaliweyo asinikiweyo esifuna enze njalo; ngesaziso esibhaliweyo aziswe ngenjongo zesithintelo okanye sokuyekiswa konikezelo lwamanzi ngomhla omiselweyo kwakunye nokuthintela okanye ukuyekisa unikezelo ngomhla okanye emva komhla lowo.
Umsebenzisi-nkonzo/umnini makahlawule izimali zesithintelo okanye zokuyekiswa konikezelo nezokubuyiselwa kwakhona konikezelo lwamanzi ngokwemiqathngo yoMthetho kaMasipala weNkqubo yoLuhlu lwaMaxabiso: ngaphandle kokuba zonke izimali ezilolo hlobo zihlawulwe ngaphambi kokubuyiselwa kwakhona konikezelo lwamanzi.
Umsebenzisi-nkonzo othe iinkonzo zonikezelo lwamanzi akakwazi ukufikelela kuzo ngenxa yokuthintelwa okanye ukuqhawulwa, azidibanisa ngenjongo, ziya kuqhawulwa ngohlobo lwesaziso esibhaliweyo.
kuyekiswe okanye kuthintelwe unikezelo lwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba ezo, kuze b kubuyiselwe unikezelo kwakhona.
Umnini uya kubanakho ngemvume yesicelo esicingelwe kwicandelo elingezantsi, ahlawule intlawulo emiselweyo.
isivumelwano sonikezelo sinqunyanyisiwe ngokwemiqathango 23 nanguMlawuli: weZamanzi ukuba akafumani sicelo sonikezelo lwamanzi oluqhubekayo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba onikwa uncedo ngumbhobho zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-90 sokunqunyanyiswa, okanye isakhiwo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba esichaphazelekayo sadilizwa , okanye umnini okanye umhlali uphazamisene ngokungekho mthethweni nenkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi enika uncedo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba ochaphazelekayo.
apho amanyathelo athathiweyo okukhangela ukutsalwa kwamanzi ngokungekho mthethweni ngeenjongo yokulwa umlilo, okanye imeko ezigqitywe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Ukuba isilinganisi-manzi nezixhobo ezihamba naso sinikiwe safakelwa ngumasipala, sihlala isisixhobo sakhe, kwaye singafakwa ngokutsha xa imfuneko ikho ngokwesigqibo soMlawuli: Amanzi.
a nakweyiphi indawo kufakelo lwamanzi onceda izakhiwo nomhlaba, kunye nakweyiphi indawo kumbhobho wokudibanisa onceda izakhiwo nomhlaba.
Isilinganisi-manzi, esifakwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo (a) elingezantsi, sihlala isisixhobo sikamasipala.
Nawuphi umntu owaphula icandelo elingezantsi makahlawule umasipala ixabiso lobungakanani bamanzi ngokwembono yoMlawuli: Amanzi.
Ukuba umasipala ufakela isilinganisi-manzi kunye nezilinganisi ezihamba naso ngokuhambelana necandelo 3b elingezantsi, umbhobho oncedayo uyasuswa kwaye nofakelo lwamanzi lufaneke luqale kudityaniso lombhobho wonxibelelwano, olo dityaniso lube zii-150mm ngaphakathi komda kumhlaba ogcinelwe umasipala okanye ophezu kobukhoboka okanye elinye ilungelo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho ngeendleko zomnini, afake okanye afune ufakelo, lwesilinganisi-manzi okanye isixhobo sokulawula umthamo kwicandelo ngalinye, kushishino okanye kwindawo yeqela yokuhlala kuzo naziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba ezisetyenziswa ukwenza isigqibo ngobungakanani bamanzi anikezelwe kwicandelo ngalinye, kushishino nakwindawo yeqela yokuhlala.
Naluphi ulungiso/ugcino ngokusemgangathweni olufanelekileyo nakwesiphi isiqingatha sombhobho woncedo uwandiselwe kumbhobho wokudibanisa kwisilinganisi-manzi nezivalo ezihamba naso zesakhiwo nomhlaba, eziphakathi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba, mazenziwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi ukufikelela kulo mbhobho kwakunye/nakwisilinganisi-manzi kusimahla kwakunye noxanduva lokufakela kwakhona okuzingqongileyo xa kugqitywe ukulungiswa.
Umhlali wezakhiwo nomhlaba kufuneka, ngokukhawuleza xa efumanise ukuvuza kombhobho woncedo okanye kwisiqu sesilinganisi-manzi okanye kwizilinganisi ezihamba naso, azise umasipala, apho isilinganisi-manzi esilolo hlobo ifakelwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 3a.
ugqithise ityala lemali lamanzi asetyenzisiweyo kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba njengoko kulinganisiwe ngesilinganisi-manzi esifakelwe kumbhobho wokudibanisa, kwaye ufumane ngokutsha kumnini indleko zesilinganisi-manzi esingasebenziyo esinikiweyo.
Ukuba imvume yokufikelela kwisilingansi-manzi ngenjongo yokwenza ufundo lwesilinganisi esifakwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo (a) elingezantsi ayinikwa, umnini, ngelo xesha lokwala unemfanelo ngokusemthethweni yendleko zamanzi onakalisiweyo ukuba kuye kwenzeka ukuvuza kwisilinganisi-manzi kunye nakwizilinganisi ezihamba naso okanye sibonakale kwindawo yombhobho oncedayo kwizakhiwo nomhlaba ololo hlobo, ize ilinganiswe sisilinganisi-manzi esifakelwe ngokuhambiselana necandelo (a) elingezantsi.
Ukuba umnini ungenisa isicwangciso kumasipala, ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 47, ukuze kwamkelwe ukumiswa komda wesakhiwo, apho isilinganisimanzi esikhoyo sifakelwe khona ngokuhambiselana necandelo 3a, lowo mnini uya kufuneka ngokuxhomekeka ukuba isicwangciso sakhe samkelwe, enze isicelo sokususwa kweso silinganisi-manzi aze ahlawule uluhlu lwamaxabiso afanelekileyo ngokususwa kweso silinganisi-manzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba wakhe ukuze kufakelwe isilinganisi-manzi esitsha kumbhobho wokudibanisa.
Ukuba umnini ungenisa isicwangciso kumasipala, ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 47, ukuze kwamkelwe iinguqu okanye unyenyiso kufakelo lomlilo olukhoyo olungenasilinganisi-manzi, lowo mnini umva kohlolo lofakelo oluguquliweyo, nasemva kokwamkelwa kwesicwangciso, enze isicelo sokuba nesilinganisi-manzi esinobukhulu nohlobo olukhethwe nguMlawuli aze ahlawule noluhlu lwendleko olufanelekileyo: Amanzi, afakelwe ngumasipala njengexalenye yokudibanisa kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba.
Ukuba umnini ungenisa isicwangciso, ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 47, ukuze kwamkelwe iinguqu nolwandiso kufakelo lwesilinganisi-manzi olukhoyo, umva kohlolo lofakelo oluguquliweyo, nasemva kokwamkelwa kwesicwangciso, enze isicelo sokuba nesilinganisi-manzi esinobukhulu nohlobo olukhethwe nguMlawuli aze ahlawule noluhlu lwendleko olufanelekileyo: Amanzi, afakelwe ngumasipala njengenxalenye yokudibanisa kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi ugqiba ukuba ufakelo oludibeneyo lwamanzi asekhaya nolomlilo, oluquka imibhobho emikhulu yokucima umlilo, mayinike izakhiwo nomhlaba, isilinganisi-manzi esidibeneyo okanye isilinganisi-manzi esikwafanayo neso sokuhlola amazinga okuhamba kwamanzi asezantsi masifakelwe kudibaniso olulolo hlobo.
Umbhobho wonxibelelwano ozimeleyo mawubekwe usetyenziswe kwinkqubo zonke zochelo oluzenzelayo.
Apho umnini, okanye umntu anelungelo okanye ulawulo lwazo naziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba apho indawo zokuhlala amaqela ezahlukeneyo zikhoyo, kufuneka unikezelo lwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba ezilolo hlobo zibe zezenjongo zonikezelo manzi lwamaqela okuhlala awohlukeneyo, uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ngokwemgqiqo yakhe, ukunika nokufakela nayiphi isilinganisi-manzi esinye esinceda izakhiwo nomhlaba zizonke okanye inani lawo maqela okuhlala; okanye isilinganisi-manzi esizimeleyo esihleli kumda wesakhiwo nomhlaba kumhlaba ogcinelwe umasipala, seqela lokuhlala ngalinye okanye neliphi inani ngoko.
isilinganisi-manzi esizimeleyo; kunye/okanye isivalo esizimeleyo, kwaye iya kuba yimfanelo yakhe ngokusemthethweni ukuhlawula iintlawulo ezimiselweyo zawo onke amanzi anikezwe izakhiwo nomhlaba ngeso silinganisi-manzi, ngaphandle kokujonga ubuninzi obahluka-hlukeneyo obusetyenziswe ngabasebenzisi-nkonzo abohlukeneyo ngeso silinganisi-manzi.
ngaphandle kokuba amanzi anikwa okanye athathwa ngaphandle kokugqitha kwisilinganisi-manzi, ngoqikelelo nguMlawuli: Amanzi anobuninzi obulolo hlobo aya kunyanzeleka alungiswe.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unokuvumela unikezelo lwamanzi ethutyana manzi lawo aza kuthathwa kumbhobho omkhulu wokucima umlilo, ngokuphantsi kwemiqathango nemigaqo nanjengoko inokimiselwa.
Umntu onqwenela unikezelo lwamanzi ethutyana ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo elingezantsi makenze isicelo ngendlela emiselweyo kwicandelo 19.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi unika imvume ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo (b) elingezantsi, unokuqikelela ixabiso, eligqitywe libhunga, apho amanzi anokuthengiswa aze abeke eminye imiqathango elolo hlobo ngokwemfuneko.
Imvume ebhekiselele kwicandelo (b) elingezantsi lingasuswa nangeliphi na ixesha.
igcinwa ngumasipala ukuba isilinganisi-manzi sifumaniseke ngokwemiqathango yecandelo okanye elingezantsi lingenasiphene, okanye ibuyiselwe kumceli ukuba isilinganisi-manzi sifumaneke sinesiphene.
Isilinganisi- manzi apho imiqathango ibhekiselele khona kwicandelo ayinakusetyenziswa xa kufumaniseke kungekho siphene ukuba kufumaniseke ipesenti yesiphene kubhaliso olugqithisileyo okanye kubhaliso olusezantsi olungaphezulu kunolo luvumelekileyo kwi-SABS 1529:1999 iNdawo 4 kunye ne- SANS 1525:1999 iNdawo 1, okanye kulungiso lwayo.
Nalapho uMlawuli: Amanzi ebona efanelekile.
Ukuba ubungakanani bamanzi obabunikwe umsebenzisi-nkonzo ngethuba isilinganisi-manzi sinesiphene abunakuqikelelwa ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokuqikelela ubungakanani bawona manzi asetyenzisiweyo.
Umsebenzisi-nkonzo makaziswe ngendlela esetyenzisiweyo nguMlawuli: Amanzi ukuqikelela ubungakanani bamanzi anikeziweyo kuye njengoko kucingelwe kwicandelo kunye elingezantsi aze anikwe ithuba lokwenza intetho kuMlawuli: Amanzi ngaphambi kokuba kufikwe kuqikelelo lokugqibela.
Ukulungiswa kobungakanani bamanzi anikiwe ngesilinganisi-manzi esinesiphene kuya kwenziwa ngesithuba esiya kugqitywa ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 38.
Ngenjongo yokulungisa ubungakanani bamanzi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 1 elingezantsi kuya kufuneka ukuba ubungakanani bamanzi obubhaliweyo bube babunikeziwe phakathi kwisithuba seeyure ezilishumi elinambini ngasinye ngokwesithuba ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo 1 elingezantsi.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi ufuna, ngeenjongo ezingezizo ezokutshintshela amanzi asetyenzisiweyo, ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani bamanzi asetyenziswe njengenxalenye yofakelo lwamanzi, anakho, ngesaziso esibhaliweyo, acebise umnini ochaphazelekayo malunga neenjongo zakhe zokufakela isixhobo sokulinganisa nakweyiphi indawo anokuyikhetha kufakelo lwamanzi.
Ufakelo lwesixhobo sokulinganisa ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo elingezantsi, ukususwa kwaso, kwakunye nokufakelwa kwakhona kofakelo lwamanzi emva kokuba lususiwe luya kwenziwa ngendleko zikamasipala.
Amalungiselelo amacandelo 33 (b) kunye no 34 asebenza, kangangokuba enokusebenza, ngokubhekiselele kwisixhobo sokulinganisa esifakwe ngokwemiqathango zecandelo elingezantsi.
Umasipala unakho xa efumene isaziso esibhaliweyo kumnini ukucwangcisa malunga nokuhlawula intlawulo efanelekileyo emiselweyo, afunde isilinganisi-manzi ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani bamanzi anikiweyo ngexesha, okanye ngosuku, ngangaphezu kokuba isilinganisi-manzi sinokufundwa ngesiqhelo.
abeke izithintelo okanye ukungavumeleki ekusebenziseni okanye kwindlela yokusebenzisa okanye kukulahlwa kwayo neyiphi into /isixhobo esisebenzisa umbane, okanye ukudityaniswa kweso sixhobo kufakelo lwamanzi, kunye abize uluhlu lwamaxabiso akhethekileyo ngokubhekiselele kwizithintelo, ezigqitywe ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho kaMasipala woLuhlu lwaMaxabiso.
Ibhunga linokunciphisa isicelo sesaziso sezibonelelo ezicingelwa licandelo elingezantsi kwimimandla ekhethekileyo kunye/ okanye kwindidi ezikhethekileyo zabasebenzisi-nkonzo, zezakhiwo nomhlaba kunye nemisebenzi, kunye nakukohlukana kwemvume nokupheliswa kwi, nakunyenyiso, kwazo naziphi izibonelelo ngezizathu ezivakalayo, xa nagaba akuyi kubakho kohluka kuluhlu lwamaxabiso ekubhekiselelwe kuwo licandelo (d).
UMlawuli: Amanzi unokuyalela umsebenzisi-nkonzo ukuba, ngendleko yakhe, athathe imiqathango, equka ufakelo lwezilinganisi-manzi kunye nezixhobo zokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi, kwanjengoko imbono yakhe inokuba iyimfuneko yokuqinisekisa ukuthobela isaziso esipapashwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 1 elingezantsi.
UMlawuli: Amanzi angayeka okanye, ngeso sithuba sifanelekileyo, anciphise unikezelo lwamanzi kuzo naziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba kwisithuba apho kungekho kuthotyelwa kwemiqathango yesaziso ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo elingezantsi, kwakunye kufuneka, apho unikezelo lwamanzi luye lwayekiswa ngokwemiqathango yomhlathi (a), abuyiselwe kuphela xa imali yokuyekiswa neyokufakelwa kwakhona unikezelo lwamanzi ihlawulwe.
Izibonelelo zeli candeloziya kusebenza nangokubhekiselele kumanzi anikwe abasebenzisi-nkonzo ngumasipala ngokwakhe ngaphandle kweSixeko, nangona ngokuchasene kwimiqathango elawula olu nikezelo, ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngokukodwa kwisaziso esipapashwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 1 elingezantsi.
Naye nawuphi umntu owaphula izibonelelo zesaziso esipapashwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi unetyala.
avumele okuchitheka kwamanzi kuqhubeleke, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okungafanelekanga okanye avumele ukusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga kwamanzi kuqhubeleke.
Umnini makalungise okanye afakele ngokutsha nayiphi indawo yofakelo lwamanzi ekuloo meko yokungalungi kangangoko, ngokwembono yoMlawuli; Amanzi, kangangokuba anokwenzeka okanye anokudala isenzeko esidweliswe kwicandelo elingezantsi.
Ukuba umnini akaphumeleli ukuthobela icandelo elingezantsi, uMlawuli: Amanzi unokuthatha lawo manyathelo ngokwemfuneko afumane ngokutsha intlawulo kumnini.
Ukuba ngokwembono yoMlawuli: Amanzi, usetyenziso lwaso nasiphi isixhobo kufakelo lwamanzi alufanelekanga okanye luyonakalisa, uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ukungavumeli usetyenziso lweso sixhobo ngesaziso esibhaliweyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo kwavalwa/ ngokwemiqathango yecandelo (b) elingezantsi, eso sixhobo asisayi kubuya sisetyenziswe de sibe silungisiwe kwakhona kwaye kwenziwa isicelo esibhaliweyo asiye samkelwa nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Naye nawuphi umnini makathobele ugcino olulungileyo lwamanzi neendlela zolawulo oluyimfuneko njengoko kubonisiwe kuludwe lweNkqubo 2 lwalo mthetho kamasipala.
Ibhunga linokwazisa ngesaziso somntu wonke ukuba lifuna abameli beenkonzo zamanzi okanye imigangatho yabameli beenkonzo zamanzi ukuba babhalise kumasipala ngohlobo olubonakalisiweyo kwisaziso somntu wonke.
Abameli beenkonzo zamanzi mabaqinisekise ukuba iinkonzo zamanzi, kuquka iinkonzo ezingundoqo zebhunga, ziyanikezwa kwabo bantu kunyanzelekileyo ukuba banikwe iinkonzo zamanzi.
Ubunjani, ubungakanani kunye nokugcinakala kwenkonzo ezinikiweyo zamanzi ngabameli beenkonzo zamanzi mabube kungenani kumgangatho ofanayo njengoko kwenziwe ngumasipala kubasebenzisi-nkonzo.
Ummeli weenkonzo zamanzi akanakho ukubiza intlawulo yeenkonzo zamanzi engahambiselani nemithetho kwanemigangatho abekiweyo nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Ukuba iinkcukacha zofakelo lwamanzi kumgangatho ongaphezulu komnye kwisakhiwo ziyafana, ezo nkcukacha zinokuzotyelwa umgangatho omnye kuphela.
Uluhlu lwenkqubo malinikwe kumzobo ngamnye okanye kwingqokolela yomzobo ngamnye, ibonakaliswe inombolo yohlobo lwesilinganisi sentsusa samanzi ngasinye kwakunye nobukhulu baso besiqhelo.
limiselweyo lentlawulo umasipala anikezela ngalo iinkonzo.
Ukuba umnini unqwenela ukufakela ufakelo lwamanzi olutsha, makaqale afumane ulwamkelo olubhaliweyo nguMlawuli: Amanzi kwisicwangciso esingeniselwe ukuqwalaselwa, ngaphandle kokuba ulwamkelo alusayi kufuneka xa kulungiswa okanye kufakelwa ngokutsha umbhobho obuhleli ukho okanye isilinganisi samanzi nangaphandle kwesifudumezi samanzi esingasukiyo kwakunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhusela ezihamba naso, nalapho isaziso zokwazisa sifuneka.
Isicelo sokwamkela ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelo 1 elingezantsi masenziwe kwifomu emiselweyo sikhatshwe yi a b yintlawulo emiselweyo, kunye inani elimiselweyo leekopi zemizobo zomsebenzi ocelwayo, njengoko kubonisiwe kwicandelo 49.
Izibonelelo zecandelo 1 no 2 angezantsi azisebenzi kwikontrakta olungisa isifudumezi samanzi esingasukiyo okanye izixhobo zokukhusela ezihamba naso.
Igunya elinikezwe ngokwemiqathango 1 liya, kuba ngokuphantsi kwecandelo 48, liphelelwe ngesithuba seenyanga ezingama-24 sokuphelelwa emva kosuku lokuqala lenyanga olulandela inyanga apho igunya lalinikezwe ngayo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ngesicelo esenziwe ngumnini, ngaphambi kwesithuba sentsusa esichaphazelekayo sokuphelelwa nesiphantsi kwentlawulo emiselweyo, kumaxesha ngamaxesha sinyenyise isithuba sokuqinisekisa ulwamkelo olunikwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 47 ngokwesithuba esingadluli iinyanga ezili-12 ngexesha nangokuphantsi kwemiqathango anokubona ifanelekile.
Ngaphandle kokuba uMlawuli: Amanzi agqibe ngokubhala ngolunye uhlobo, imizobo mayibe semaphepheni elimlinganiselo ongekho ngaphantsi ko-A4 kwaye kufuneka anikele ulwazi kwifomu efunekayo liBinzana 4.1.1 le- SANS 10252: 2004 iNdawo 1, ikopi enokufumaneka kuMlawuli: Amanzi.
De sifunyanwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi isiqinisekiso sokuthobela esingeniswe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 53, ingqokelela egqityiweyo yemizobo yomsebenzi wofakelo mayisoloko ikhona ngamaxesha onke kwinxiwa lokusebenza.
Ukuba umsebenzi wofakelo wenziwe ngokwaphula icandelo 47, uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho ngesaziso esibhaliweyo ukufuna umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba ochaphazelekayo athobele icandelo ngokwesithuba esimiselweyo, kwaye ukuba umsebenzi uyaqhubeleka, umiswe umsebenzi, kwaye ungafuna ukuba umnini awususe wonke umsebenzi ololo hlobo ongathobeli lo mthetho kamasipala.
c ahlole, abulale iintsholongwane aze avavanye ufakelo lwamanzi, ufakelo lomlilo okanye itanki yokugcina, okanye ukulungiswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, okanye ukufakwa ngokutsha isikhuseli sokuphuma samanzi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 59.
kuhlola nokubulala intsholongwane ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 54, kunye c qinisekisa ukuba isiqinisekiso sokuthobela, esibonisa ukuba umsebenzi owenziweyo uthobelana nalo mthetho kamasipala, singeniswa kuMlawuli: Amanzi.
Ukubulawa kweentsholongwane kufakelo lwamanzi, kuquka neetanki zokugcina.
Umnini makadale ufakelo lwamanzi olutsha oluthotywa ngamanzi asuka kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi de abe amanzi acocekileyo aphume kwisilinganisi samanzi ngasinye esingundoqo.
Umnini zakhiwo nomhlaba walapho itanki yogcino ifakelwe khona kufuneka, kungabikho kanye kwiminyaka emihlanu rhoqo, enze ukuba itanki ifunxwe, ihlolwe ize kubulawe iintsholongwane, ngokuhambiselana ne-SANS 10252:2004 iNdawo1.
Ukuba itanki iye yatshona/yantywila, okanye iye yakwimeko enokwenza ukuba izinto ezingaphakathi zingcoliseke, umnini makenze ukuba itanki ifunxwe ize ihlolwe.
Phambi kokuba itanki okanye ufakelo lwamanzi oluziswa ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo elingezantsi luphindiselwe kwimo yokusebenza, kufuneka luqale lucocwe lubulawe iintsholongwane ngokuhambiselana ne-SANS10252: 2004 iNdawo 1.
Umnini makazibonelele/azifunele aze azigcinele ngokusemgangathweni ufakelo lwamanzi ngendleko yakhe, ngaphandle kwimeko yokudityaniswa kumbhobho wokunxibelelana, okanye apho kuvumelekileyo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 21, kwaye aqinisekise ukuba ufakelo lungaphakathi kwemida yezakhiwo nomhlaba.
Phambi kokuba kuqalwe umsebenzi ngokubhekiselele kugcino lwesiqingatha sofakelo lwamanzi, umnini makafumane imvume ebhaliweyo kuMlawuli: Amanzi okanye kumnini womhlaba lowo isiqingatha sikuwo, nanjengoko kunokuba njalo.
Akukho mntu unokufakela okanye asebenzise umbhobho okanye isilinganisi samanzi kufakelo lwamanzi ngaphandle kokuba oko kudwelisiwe kuLuhlu lweNkqubo yeMibhobho neZilinganisi zaManzi oLwamkelekileyo, kwaye okanye kungokuhambiselana nemiqathango ebekwe ngokwemiqathango yeCandelo 3.
Nangona isibonelelo secandelo elingezantsi uMlawuli: Amanzi unakho ngosebenziso olukhethekileyo kufakelo olukhethekileyo, ukuvumela ufakelo okanye usebenziso lombhobho okanye isilinganisi samanzi esingaqukwanga kuluhlu lwenkqubo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ngokubhekiselele kuwo nawuphi umbhobho okanye kwisinganisi samanzi esiqukwe kuluhlu lwenkqubo, lubeke leyo miqathango nanjengoko kunokuba yimfuneko ngokubhekiselele kusetyenziso okanye kwindlela yofakelo ngoko.
asisathobeli imigaqo apho uquko lwalusekwe khona, okanye ngokwembono yakhe, ayisalungelanga injongo apho usetyenziso lwayo lwalamkelelwe yona.
Iikopi zoluhlu lwenkqubo olusebenzayo ziyafumaneka kwi-ofisi kamasipala ngeeyure zomsebenzi.
ukuqukuqela/ukuqengqeleka kwezivalo okuya ezantsi okukhawulezileyo, ekubhekiselelwe kuko kwicandelo 28 (a) kunye (b), kunye nokufakwa kwesivalo esingajijekiyo esinobukhulu obufanayo nombhobho woncedo.
apho ukusebenza okufanelekileyo kwezivalo okanye izilinganisi zamanzi ezingundoqo zingaba sengozini ngenxa yokugqitha kwezinto eziqinileyo ezinokuthintela/ezinokuvalela okanye onakalise ngokufanayo, kufakelwe isihluzo, kwindawo ukuze sivumele ukugcinwa usemgangathweni ngokulula.
UMlawuli: Amanzi unakho, ukugqiba nokwazisa, ngesicelo somnini nokuhlawulwa kwendleko ezimiselweyo ngexabiso lamandla lendlela yonikezelo lwamanzi olubhekiselele kwizakhiwo nomhlaba wakhe kangangethuba anokwenza isicelo salo.
thintela ukusetyenziswa kwaso, okanye afune kusetyenziswe imiqathango eyamkelekileyo yokhuselo.
Izibhedlele, iikliniki, izindlu zabongikazi, amakhaya abantu abadala kunye nezinye izakhiwo apho abahlali bengenakususwa ngokulula kwimeko yophazamiseko lonikezelo lwamanzi. Iilitha ezingama-250 zebhedi nganye isakhiwo esifaneleke ukuba nayo.
Iindawo zokuhlala abantu abaninzi ezidlula umphakamo ogqitywe licandelo 29 , okanye ogqitha imigangatho emithathu yesakhiwo, engowona uphantsi. Iilitha ezingama-135 kwiqela ngalinye.
Indawo zokulungisa iinwele kunye neyamazinyo iiyure ezi-4 eziyimfuneko ngosuku.
Ushishino (kugcino ngeenjongo zemveliso) iiyure ezi-8 eziyimfuneko ngosuku.
Nawuphi umntu ofakela itanki yogcino makayifake ngendlela ekwindawo eya kuthi umphandle nomphakathi uhlolwe ngokulula, ucocwe, ugcinwe usemgangathweni, ngaphandle kokuba wenziwe ichibi elenziwe ngesamente efihlakeleyo okanye elinenxalenye yalo elitshone emhlabeni kwaye libe liyiliwe, lakhiwe laze lahlolwa ngokuhambiselana ne-SANS 10100-1 kunye ne-SANS 1200-G apho ingumphakathi kuphela ofikelelekayo ukuze kwenziwe ucoco nohlolo.
Akukhomntu ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yoMlawuli: Amanzi unokwenza okanye avumele itanki, eqhushekwe okanye ebekwe emhlabeni, ukuba isetyenziselwe ukwamkela/ukungenisa okanye ukugcina amanzi anikezwa ngumasipala.
ukuphuphuma nentunja yetanki emelana nosuleleko yenzelwe umkhusane ukukhusela ukungena kwezinambuzane, izilwanyana, nezinye imvelaphi zongcoliseko, kunye itanki enokumelana/engavumeli usuleleko ivalwe ngokupheleleyo ayinayo enye indawo yokufikelela kumphakathi, ngaphandle kokubakho kwesigqumathelo secandelo lodonga ecaleni ukulungiselela uhlolo nokucocwa, isigqumathelo sodonga masibe kumgangatho apho itanki ingenakusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokuba sendaweni kwesigqumathelo sodonga ekunokufikelelwa kuso.
Ngaphandle kokuba igunya linikwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi, isibilisi ngasinye, iketile ekhupha umphunga, okanye nezinye izixhobo zokukhupha umphunga, imveliso zerhasi, injini yerhasi okanye injini ye-oyile okanye nasiphi esinye isixhobo, okanye nakanjani apho amanzi anikezwa ngumasipala asetyenziswayo makanikezwe kuphela ngetanki ezalisa ngamanzi abandayo esebenzisa isithuba somoya ukohlula amanzi angundoqo angenayo kwizinto eziqulethwe yitanki.
kwisixokelelwane sonikezelo lwamanzi, kunye nayiphi indawo yofakelo lwamanzi kwizakhiwo nomhlaba wakhe.
UMlawuli: Amanzi anganika okanye ale isicelo sokudityaniswa kofakelo lwesicimi-mlilo kundoqo kamasipala.
Akukho manzi aya kunikwa nakuluphi ufakelo lwesicimi-mlilo ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso esamkelwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 53 kwaye olo fakelo luthobelane neemfuno zalo mthetho kamasipala.
Ukuba uMlawuli: Amanzi unombono wokuba isicimi-mlilo sifakelwe, asivumeleyo ukuba sidityaniswe kwesikamasipala, asigcinwanga ngendlela yokusebenza eyiyo, okanye asigcinwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, okanye sisetyenziselwa iinjongo ezingezizo ezokulwa umlilo, unokufuna ufakelo olusuka kundoqo okanye alususe, ngendleko yomnini.
Nanini xa kufuneka kunyuswe amandla ofakelo lomlilo, umnini makafakele umbhobho osebenza kubini, osebenza ngeenjogo zokucima umlilo ize enye ibe yeyeenjongo ngokubanzi zasekhaya.
Yonke imibhobho nezilinganisi mazibe nakho ukuthwala amandla angaphezulu kwee-1800 kPa, xa lawo mandla enokulindeleka xa ukonyuswa kusenzeka kwaye ibe nakho ukugcina imfezeko yayo xa isetyenziswe kwiimeko zomlilo.
Umbhobho wokudibanisa ozimeleyo mawufakwe uze usetyenziselwe zonke inkqubo zokuchela nokuphelisa umlilo.
Akukho namnye umntu onokusebenzisa, okanye avumele ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi avela kwezinye iimvelaphi ngaphandle kwamanzi anikezelwa ngumasipala esebenzisela izinto zasekhaya, ngaphandle kokuba amanzi ekubhekiselelwe kuwo amkelwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi ngezo njongo nangokuhabiselelana nemiqathango egqitywe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Akukho mntu unokudibanisa unikezelo lwamanzi asuka nakweyiphi indawo ngokwenkqubo yosasazo lwamanzi ngaphandle kwasuka kunikezelo lwamanzi lukamasipala ngaphambi kolwamkelo olubhaliweyo loMlawuli: Amanzi, nangokuhambiselana nemiqathango egqitywe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Nawuphi umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba apho imvelaphi yamanzi ikhoyo, makanikezele ngenkcukacha ngokubhekiselele kwimvelaphi yamanzi kuMlawuli: Amanzi njengoko kunokufuneka.
Umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba owaphule icandelo 3 elingezantsi, makaxhobise ngeziqinisekilso zohlalutyo nophando lweentsholongwane bacteriological ngokubhekiselele kwimvelaphi yamanzi kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba njengoko kunokufuneka kuMlawuli: Amanzi ngeendleko zakhe xa exelelwe ukuba enze njalo.
imeko ebekwe ngokwemiqathango yelo ecandelo elisezantsi yophulwe, okanye amanzi akasathobeli iimfuno ezibekwe nguMlawuli: Amanzi.
Izibonelelo zeli candelo azisusi nawuphi umntu ukuba angathobeli nezibonelelo ezikhoyo zoMthetho waManzi kaZwelonke, 1998 uMthetho 36 ka 1998 okanye naliphi iqumrhu likazwelonke lowiso-mthetho elifanelekileyo.
ikhuseleke ngokufanelekileyo ekudaleni ingxaki kwimpilo, kwaye ayizaliswanga nangayiphi indlela, zizinto ezinokudala umthombo osecaleni, isitsala-manzi ngaphantsi komhlaba okanye ukuba imvelaphi yamanzi esuka ngaphantsi komhlaba angcoliseke okanye osuleleke.
Akukho namnye ovumelekileyo ukomba/ukugrumba, okanye enze okanye avumele ukombiwa/ukugrunjwa, komthombo, indawo yomthombo okanye isitsali-manzi ngaphantsi komhlaba ngaphandle kokuba uMlawuli: Amanzi unikwe isaziso esibhaliweyo seentsuku ezi-14 ubuncinane senjongo yokwenza oko.
Isaziso esiphulwe ngokwecandelo elingezantsi masazise indawo eceliweyo kunye nenjongo amanzi aza kusetyenziselwa yona.
Ukuba amanzi afumaneka kwisitsala-manzi ngaphantsi komhlaba okanye nakweyiphi imvelaphi yonikezelo lwamanzi nakweziphi izakhiwo nomhlaba asetyenziselwa iinjongo ezinokukhokelela ekuchithekeni kwalawo manzi okanye intsalela yawo kwisixokelelwane sogutyulo sikamasipala, umnini makafakele isilinganisi-manzi kwindawo ekhethwe ngumasipala ekumbhobho lowo ukhokelela kwisitsala-manzi sangaphantsi komhlaba okanye kwenye imvelaphi yonikezelo lwamanzi kwindawo okanye kwiindawo apho isetyenziswa njalo khona.
Ibhunga linakho, ngesaziso sikawonke-wonke, ukufuna ukuba umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba ongaphakathi kommandla kamasipala apho isitsala-manzi sikhoyo, okanye ukuba umnini akahlali kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba, umhlali azise ngokubakho kwesitsala-manzi sangaphantsi komhlaba esilolo hlobo kwezo zakhiwo nomhlaba, aze anikezele ngolwazi olubhekiselele kwisitsala-manzi phantsi komhlaba olunokufuneka.
UMlawuli: Amanzi, ukuba ubona kufanelekile, unokufuna ufundo lwenziwe ngendleko zomnini ukuze kuhlolwe nayiphi impembelelo enokuchaphazela umphakathi kumthombo, kwindawo yomthombo okanye kwisitsala-manzi esiceliweyo.
UMlawuli: Amanzi angavuma unikezelo lwamanzi angaselwayo kumsebenzisi-nkonzo xa kwenziwe isicelo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 19 nangaphantsi kokuba eznokuyilungela loo miqathango.
Naluphi unikezelo lwamanzi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo elingezantsi alunakuvumela ukusetyenziselwa nawuphi umsebenzi wasekhaya okanye naziphi ezinye iinjongo, ngokwembono yoMlawuli: Amanzi, olunokwenza ubungozi empilweni.
Akukho siqinisekiso, esichaziweyo okanye esibekiweyo kucoco lwawo nawaphi amanzi angaselwayo anikezwe ngumasipala okanye afanele injongo unikezelo lwamanzi olwalwenzelwe yona.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi angaselwayo kungumngcipheko womsebenzisi-nkonzo wonke, kwaye umasipala akanamfanelo ngokusemthethweni yeziphumo eziyingozi okanye ilahleko evele ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungekho njalo ngoko.
Umnini wezakhiwo nomhlaba, apho amanzi angaselwayo ayesetyenzisiwe, makaqinisekise ukkuba zonke izilinganisi ezingundoqo zamanzi nazo zonke izixhobo ezisebenzisa okanye ezinikeza ngamanzi zinophawu olucacileyo lwesaziso esimelana nemozulu ezibonisa ukuba lawo manzi akafanelekanga kusetyenziselwa iinjongo zasekhaya.
Kummandla apho umlanjana ocociweyo wamanzi amdaka usetyenziswa, umsebenzisi-nkonzo uya kumisa izaziso ezimelana nemozulu kwindawo ezibonakalayo elumkisa ukuba amanzi alolo hlobo akafanelanga kusetyenziselwa iinjongo zasekhaya.
Isaziso esilumkisayo ngasinye esibekwe/ esenziwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo kunye no 2 elingezantsi masibe ngeelwimi ezintathu ezisetyenziswa kwiphondo.
Apho umbhobho wokunkcenkceshela usetyenzisiweyo ukunkcenkceshela igadi, ipaki, okanye amabala okudlala amanzi esuka kwisiseko samanzi aselwayo isixhobo sokulawula esinje ngesitshizi sakuncanyathiselwa kwisiphelo sombhobho.
Akukho mntu ngaphandle kokuqala afumane igunya elibhaliweoy kuMlawuli: Amanzi oya kumanzisa umphantsi oqinileyo okanye indawo elungiselelwe ukuhamba esebenzisa amanzi okusela asuka kwisiseko samanzi okusela.
Umbhobho wokunkcenkceshela osetyenziselwa ukuhlamba imoto, isikhephe, ikharavani mawufakwe isixhobo esizilawulayo esizivala ngokwaso.
Iinkqubo zokuzalisa ezizenzelayo ezisebenzisa isivalo esijingayo esizaliswa kwindawo/kwintsusa yamanzi aselwayo ukusa kumachibi okudada namachibi egadi ayivumelekanga.
Amashishini okuhlamba inqwelo zorhwebo makalungise ngokutsha umlinganiselo ongama-50% wamanzi asetyenziswe kwimisebenzi.
Imibhobho emileyo etsalwa kwiimpompo mayibe nomphakamo okungenani ozii- 450 mm, ngokomlinganiselo womphezulu womhlaba.
Obona bukhulu bomgama wokuhamba kwamanzi nakweyiphi impompo efakiweyo kwisitya sokuhlamba izandla ayinakodlula iilitha ezi-6 ngomzuzu.
Akukho gunjana lizenzelayo okanye itanki echithayo inokusetyenziselwa ukuhlisa umchamo.
Ingadlulanga iminyaka emini emva kokubhengezwa kwalo mthetho kamasipala onke amagunjana azenzelayo afakwe ukuthoba imichamo, makasuswe kufakelwe nokuba ziinkqubo ezisetyenziswa ngezandla okanye isixhobo esingasetyenziswa ngasandla esidala ukuthotywa sisebenze emva komchamo/kokusetyenziswa ngakunye kwesixhobo kokuchama.
kudityaniswe isixhobo esizivallayo, okanye kubekho indawo yokubamba eshukumayo ngeenjongo zokuyisebenzisa, okanye ibenakho ukutshixwa ukukhusela ukusetyenziswa ongekho mthethweni, okanye ibe luhlobo olunyazelisa ukulawula ubungakanani bamanzi aphumayo ekusebenzeni kwayo ngakunye.
Abasebenzisi kakhulu bamanzi (abo basebenzisa ngaphezulu kwama- 3 650 kilolitres ngonyaka), ngaphandle kwabo benendawo zokuhlala amaqela abantu, kufuneka benze uphicotho lwamanzi rhoqo ngonyaka. Ingxelo yophicotho mayibekho ukuze ihlolwe ngamagosa asuka kwiSebe leMicimbi yaManzi namaHlathi, yiBhodi yaManzi (apho kukho imfuneko) kunye nomasipala.
uthelekiso lwale miba ingasentla naleyo bekunikwe ingxelo yayo kunyaka ngamnye kwemithathu edlulileyo (apho ikhoyo); kunye xi uqikelelo losetyenziso lwamanzi ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswayo.
Akukho mntu unokuvumela amanzi, asetyenziswe njengendlela yokutshintshisa ubushushu nakwesiphi isixhobo okanye umatshini odityanisiweyo ize inikezele amanzi kufakelo lwamanzi, isebenze ngokuqhubelekayo ukonakalisa amanzi ngaphandle kokugcina umgangatho omiselweyo wamanzi aqinileyo ewonke kumatshini ojikelezayo.
Imibhobho yoBhedu ayinakutywinwa ngombala wobhedu omthuqwa okanye ngesinyithi sesilivere.
Imibhobho yeplastiki ayinakusetyenziswa kwimililo okanye idibanise ufakelo oludibeneyo lwemililo yasekhaya kwindawo ekumhlaba ongaphezulu.
Imibhobho egqithisa amanzi okusela mayikhuselwe elangeni..
Apho umbhobho weplastiki usetyenziselwe ukugqithisa amanzi kumgqomo wofakelo olungasukiyo wamanzi ashushu, iimitha zokuqala eziyi- 2,5 zombhobho kwicala lokuphuma lombhobho mazibe zezobhedu.
<fn>water_charter_XHS.txt</fn>
Ukwenza ngokukhawuleza kangangoko ukuba iinkonzo zamanzi zifikelele kubo bonke abo bathengi ziyakuthi zibe yimfuneko kubo.
Izimvo kunye neengcebiso zakho zokuphucula le nkonzo zamkelekile kwaye kufuneka zithunyelwe kummeli wabaphathi be-ISO kumnxeba 710-8006 okanye kwifeksi engunombolo 710-8374.
<fn>wwater_bylaw_xho.txt</fn>
amanzi amdaka" kubhekiselelwe kuyo nayiphi na inkunkuma emanzi, nokuba iqulethe into enyityilikisiweyo yaye kuqukwa nenkunkuma emanzi yasemakhaya nenkunkuma emanzi evela kwimiz-mveliso kodwa akabandakanywa amanzi esitshi, umjelo wamanzi amdaka" kubhekiselelwe kwizakheko, imijelo ehambisa amanzi amdaka, imibhobho, izivingco, iimpompo, izixhobo zokulinganisa amanzi asetyenzisiweyo okanye nantoni na ehamba nezi ephantsi kolawulo lwebhunga, nenokusetyenziselwa ukuhambisa okanye ukulahlwa kwamanzi amdaka.
makongeze umthamo wesixhobo sokufakelwa komjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka ukuze ulungelelane nenkunkuma emanzi eyongezelelekileyo, okanye makokhe ngokutsha umjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka ukuze uthobele iimfuno zeBhunga.
ukungena kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba okanye amanzi esitshi kumjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka kwawakhe amasango, ukuvuza kwamanzi amdaka avela kumjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka kwawakhe amasango, yaye umnini popati ngamnye kuyimfuneko ukuba athabathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuthintelo ukungenzeki kwezi zinto.
ukulahlela nantoni na ngaphandle kwenkunkuma ephuma kwimizi-mveliso komnye umjelo wabucala ohambisa amanzi amdaka, kunye kwiimeko apho kufakelwe omnye umjelo wabucala ohambisa amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso, kungalahlelwa amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mvelisoukuya kweminye imijelo ephantsi komhlaba ehambisa amanzi amdaka.
ukususa nantoni na elahliweyo, evunyelwe ukuba ingene okanye efakwe kumjelo ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka okanye kumsele woluntu ngokuchasene nemiqathango yeli candelo, kunye kususa nantoni na eyonakalisa, esitha okanye eyenza ubungozi okanye enokonakalisa , isithe ibeke engozini okanye itshabalalise nawuphi na umjelo ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka.
Ukuba nabani na akaphumeleli ukuthobela imiqathango emiselwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana , iBhunga linakho ukuthabatha amanyathelo anokucingelwa njengeayimfuneko ukulungisa lo mbandela ngeendleko zomntu lowo unoxanduva lokwenza oko.
enze amalungiselelo ayimfuneko ukuze kulahlwe ngokukhuselekileyo amanzi amdaka kumasango alo mnini propati, okanye ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi amdaka esiwa kwiziko ekucocwa kulo amanzi amdaka okanye nakuyiphi na enye indawo efanelekileyo neyamkelweyo libhunga, yaye acoce, alungise, okhe ngokutsha, atshintshe, abeke kwindawo entsha okanye athobele imiqathango enokumiselwa libhunga.
IBhunga liya kwenza amalungiselelo okucoca imijelo yabucala ephantsi komhlaba ehambisa amanzi amdaka evalekileyo ngeendleko zomnini propati.
Kwimeko apho kufunyenwe ukuba umjelo wabucala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka uvalekile, ngenxa yomonakalo okanye ukuvaleka zizibi kufunyenwe kumjelo kamasipala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka, akukho zindleko ziya kuhlawuliswa umnini propati.
Unokwaphula, okanye avumele ukwaphula, kwawo nawuphi na umqathango owamiselwa libhunga xa lalinika imvume yokulahla amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso.
ngaphandle kokuba ibhunga liyamkele indlela yokuthuthwa laza lamisela imiqathango eliyicingela njengefanelekileyo ejongene nokulahlwa kwalo manzi amdaka, yaye ngayo nayiphi na enye indlela yokuthutha amanzi ngaphandle kokuba kufunyenwe isiqinisekiso sokwamkelwa esibhaliweyo sinikezelwe kwiimeko nganye ngumntu osemagunyeni kwelo ziko lamkelwe libhunga nalapho lo manzi amdaka okanye isiveliso esilisolotya salo manzi amdaka silahlwayo, eso siqinisekiso kuyimfuneko ukuba sigcinwe ze ziveliswe ukuze sihlolwe ngulo mntu uvelise amanzi amdaka okanye iimveliso zawo ubuncinane isithuba sonyaka omnye emva komhla wokulahlwa kwalo manzi amdaka.
alahle lo manzi amdaka kuyo nayiphi na indawo ngaphandle kwakwindawo yokulahla eyamkelweyo libhunga, okanye ayeke lo manzi amdaka achitheke, avuze okanye athontsize ephuma kuso nasiphi na isiqulathi.
Nabani na onikwe imvume yokulahlela, okanye ukuvumela ukulahlelwa kwamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso kumjelo kamasipala ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka, uya kuba noxanduva lokuhlawula umrhumo kwibhunga noya kuthi ubalwe ngokulandela imiqathango yeShedyuli yoku-1 neye-2.
owenza intsongelo, oxhathisayo, ophazamisa okanye oma endleleni yakhe nawuphi na uceba, igosa okanye igosa lebhunga xa lisenza umsebenzi walo ngokwemigaqo yalo mtehtho kamasipala, okanye onika ngabom ulwazi olunmgeyonyaniso okanye ulwazi olulahlekisayo kuye nawuphi na uceba, igosa okanye igosa lebhunga, uya kuba nentyala lolwaphulo-mthetho yaye uya kujongana nokugwetywa ngesohlwayo.
Umrhumo uya kuba, ngokuxhomekeke kwimiqathango elandelayo yale Shedyuli, lixabiso elifunyenwe ngokusebenzisa indlela yokubala ebalwe ngokulandela umbandela oku- ngezantsi.
Vw ngumthamo opheleleyo, ochazwa ngokweekhilolitha, umthamo wamanzi amdaka alahlwa evela kwindawo ethile ngelo xesha.
SVC ngumrhumo womthamo wothungelwano lwemijelo ephantsi komhlaba ohlawulwa ngokulandela imigaqo yerhafu yococeko.
Vie ngumthamo opheleleyo, ochazwa ngokweekhililotha, wamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso alahlwa kulo ndawo ngelo xesha.
X" luxinzelelo lwezinto ezithile ezinokungafani kwezinye iimeko ezidweliswe kwiShedyuli ye-2. "L" ngumlinganiselo olungele olo xinzelelo lwento ethile.
Kwimeko yoxinzelelo lwe-pH parameter u-X umela ixabiso le-pH yaye, ukuba u-(X-L) unika isiphumo esinentlawulo engenaxabiso, kufuneka itshintshwe intlawulo enexabiso elikhulu ngokulinganayo nelo.
I-COD yamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso ngumlinganiselo weqondo lokubala eliguqukayo kwiisampuli ezine ezithatyathwa nangaliphi na ixesha kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezilishumi elinambini.
I-SF yamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso lelona xabiso limiselwa kamva.
I-SF yongeza kubo bonke ubuninzi obungaphandle kwemilinganiselo emiselwe kwiShedyuli ye-2.
Umnini propati/lowo uhleliyo kulo propati kuyo nayiphi na indawo unelungelo lokufumana/ xa enze isicelo, inxalenye yayo nayiphi na isampuli ethatyathiweyo kulo ndawo ngaphambi kokuba lo sampuli isuswe libhunga.
IBhunga linelungelo lokusebenzisa okanye lokurhoxisa ilungelo ubungakanani bezinto ezithile njengoko kumiselweyo.
Ibhunga lilo emisela ubuninzi obupheleleyo bamanzi amdaka avela kwimizimveliso anokulahlwa kwindawo nganye.
Ukuba amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso namanye amanzi amdaka alinganiswa ndawonye, ibhunga liya kukuvumela oko xa libona kufanelekile yaye ibubulungisa kwamanye amanzi amdaka.
Ibhunga liya kusekezela ixabiso elilimiselayo ngokwexabiso lamanzi asetyenziswa kulo ndawo, emva kouvumela nantoni na eliyicingela ifanelekile ngamanzi asetyenziselwa iinjongo zasendlwini okanye ukunkcenkceshela, amanzi alahleka kumoya ojikelezileyo, okanye kwizinto eziveliswa kule ndawo, yaye ukuba amanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso alahlwa kula masango alahlwa kwiindawo ezininzi, ibhunga liya kubabela elo xabiso likhankanyiweyo lamanzi kwezo ndawo alahlwa kuzo amanzi ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukuba isixhobo sokulinganisa siqinisekiswa njengesonakeleyo, ibhunga liya, ngokuxhomekeke kumbandela oku- ngezantsi, kwenza amalungiselelo afanelekileyo okuqwalasela ukonakala kwesixhobo eso xa lisenza izibalo zalo ngobuninzi bamanzi alahlwayo.
Ibhunga linakho, ngesaziso esibhaliweyo, ukucela ukuba lowo uhleli kulo propati, umnini propati okanye umntu olawulayo kulo ndawo, okanye osebenzisa, nawaphi na amasango ukuba abonelele ngolwazi, indlela yokungena okanye izinto ibhunga elicingela ukuba ziyimfuneko ukuze kubalwe ngokuchanekileyo umrhumo omele ukuhlawulwa, okanye ukuba ingaba ukho kusini na umrhumo ohlawulelwa ukusetyenziswa kwalo ndawo.
Ukuba ibhunga linoluvo lokuba ukuthatyathwa kweesampuli akubonakalisi elona qondo lenene lomgangatho wamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso, linakho ukusebenzisa enye indlela eyamkelekileyo lilungiselela ukumisela umrhumo ofanelekileyo nonobulungisa wokulahlwa kwamanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso.
yokuba inkqubo yokubala echazwe kumbandela 1 ngasentla, ayiyomfuneko, kunye/okanye b isaziso esichazwe kumbandela 25 ngasentla asithotyelwa kunye/okanye, kukho nakuphi ukuchaswa kwalo mthetho kamasipala yaye ngenxa yoko imirhumoo emele ukuhlawulwa ngokubhekiselele kulo ndawo ayibalwanga ngokuchanekileyo, ngoko ke ibhunga liya kuhlola umrhumo omelet ukuhlawulwa ngokwexabiso elicingelwa njengelifanelekileyo nelobulungisa.
ukulinganisa ngokwahlukeneyo umthamo wamanzi asetyenziselwe nayiphi na injongo eyodwa okanye kwinxalenye ethile yalo propati, yaye kubonelelwe ngesiqinisekiso esanelisa iimfuno zebhunga ukuba nasiphi na isixhobo sokulinganisa amanzi okanye ubuchule obusetyenzisiweyo obuchazwe kumbandela 8(a) nakumbandela 8(b) sisasebenza ngokukuko nangokuchanekileyo.
Iphephandaba loMbuso lePhondo nomb.
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Inkonzo yeNgeniso yaseMzantsi Afrika (i-SARS ngamafutshane kolwasemzini), igcine ulwazi oluninzi eluqokelela ngexesha lomsebenzi wayo ophambili wokuqokelela ingeniso kazwelonke neyamashishini ayixhasayo. Olu lwazi lungumdla kubantu elubachaphazela ngqo, nokuba ngabahlawuli berhafu, abarhwebi, amahlakani kwezoshishino okanye abaqeshwa. Lukwangumdla kwabezemfundo ephakamileyo, abagqatswa, oondimangele nabafun' ukwazi.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba konke okukwi-SARS kuyadizwa kubahlawuli-rhafu nabarhwebi, amagatya angemfihlo kuwiso-mthetho olulawulwa yi-SARS athi ulwazi olungabahlawuli-rhafu nabarhwebi lulihlebo kwaye alumelwe kudizwa ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezinqongopheleyo. UKhuthazo lweLungelo lokufikelela kuMthetho woLwazi, 2000, ("uMthetho") luqinisa ukuba lihlebo kolu lwazi ngokuba uthi olu lwazi malungadizwa ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho, ngaphandle kwakumntu olunxulumene naye okanye ummeli ogunyaziswe nguloo mntu. Ukongeza, uMthetho ukwabalula ukuba lihlebo kwemiba ngemiba yemisebenzi yoshishino lwe-SARS, apho oku kunokufaneleka khona.
Amacandelo alandelayo achaza i-SARS, iinkqubo zokwenza isicelo sazo naziphi na iingxelo ezigciniweyo ze-SARS kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, iinkqubo zokufaka isibheno sangaphakathi ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho. I-SARS imise phantsi kolawulo oluyintloko ukwamkelwa kwezicelo nezibheno kwi-ofisi yayo engundlunkulu ukuze ikwazi ukuzilandela, iziphendule ngokwamaxesha abekwe nguMthetho, kwaye iziphendule izinto ezivelayo kwangoko. Oku kuhambelana nento egxininiswa yi-SARS yokuba izinto mazenziwe ekuhleni ngokwasemthethweni kwaye kugcinwe imithetho-sisekelo yokuyimela into oyenzayo, kuboniswe imfezeko noxanduva kwabo banebango.
Ukuba ufuna ukwenza isicelo selungelo lokufumana iingxelo ze-SARS ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho, kufuneka uzalise ifomu ekwiSihlomelo 1 ukuze uyithumele kulo Sekela-Gosa woLwazi unolo xanduva.
Oosekela-Gosa boLwazi banedilesi yendawo nedilesi yeposi ezifanayo.
Usekela-Gosa woLwazi ojongene nesicelo eso uza kuphendula kwithuba leentsuku ezingama-30 (ezingama-60 kwezinye iimeko) akwazise ukuba ingaba isicelo sivunyiwe okanye sikhatyiwe na.
Kwezinye iimeko kuya kufunwa uhlawule umrhumo kwi-SARS phambi kokuba isicelo sakho siqwalaselwe okanye ezo ngxelo ozifunayo ube nokuzinikwa. Apho ixesha lokulungisa iingxelo eziza kukhutshwa lingathanda ukudlula kwiiyure ezintandathu, i-SARS iya kuqhuba isisebenze isicelo sakho emva kokuba uhlawule idiphozithi.
Ufikelelo kwiingxelo ezibhaliweyo luya kunikwa ngokwefomathi leyo eceliweyo okanye ngokwefomathi leyo zikuyo iingxelo ezibhaliweyo, ukuba loo fomathi eceliweyo ayikho.
Olu luhlelo lokuqala lwencwadana ye-SARS ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho. Le ncwadana iya kutshintsha kwaye iphuhle njengoko i-SARS nabaceli bephonononga ukuphunyezwa koMthetho, ulungelelwano olufunwa nguMthetho phakathi kwelungelo kulwazi namanye amalungelo, njengelo langasese, nesidingo sokugcina emgangathweni ukusebenza ngenkuthalo koMbuso.
Ukuba unengxaki okanye unobunzima ekusebenziseni le ncwadana, nceda musa ukuthandabuza ukuqhakamshelana noSekela-Gosa woLwazi ofanelekileyo ukuze akuncede.
kwanolawulo lokungenisa nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe, ukuvelisa, ukuhamba-hamba, ukugcina nokusetyenziswa kweempahla ezithile.
I-SARS kukuphela koshishino olugunyaziswe ulawulo lowiso-mthetho lwengeniso kazwelonke.
o uMthetho weRhafu yeZibonelelo ezithengisekayo, 1948, o uMthetho wokuHanjiswa kweRhafu, 1949, o uMthetho weRhafu yoMbuso, 1955, o uMthetho weRhafu yoMvuzo, 1962, o uMthetho weRhafu yenkcitho neRhafu yokunyusa ingeniso, 1964, o uMthetho weXabiso lezibonelelo ezithengwe kwiMalike yezimali, 1968, o uMthetho weRhafu yeNtengo, 1991, o uMthetho ongeRhafu yeeNgxowa-mali zoMhlala-phantsi, 1996, o neminye iMithetho edweliswe kuLudwe lweNkqubo 1 (iShedyuli) loMthetho weNkonzo yeNgeniso yaseMzantsi Afrika, 1997, o nawuphi ummiselo, isihlokomiso, isaziso sikarhulumente okanye umthetho okhutshwe ngokwemigqaliselo yowiso-mthetho olungentla okanye nasiphi isivumelwano okungenwe kuso ngokwemigqaliselo yolu wiso-mthetho okanye uMgaqo-siseko, o naluphi olunye uwiso-mthetho olubhekisa kuqokelelo lwengeniso okanye ulawulo lwezinto ezivela kwamanye amazwe, ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, imveliso, ukuhanjiswa ukugcinwa okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezithile ezinganikwa i-SARS ngokwemigqaliselo yowiso-mthetho okanye uvumelwano phakathi kwe-SARS nombutho wombuso okanye elo ziko kungalo (umzk.
icebise uMphathiswa wezoRhwebo neMveliso ngemibandela ebhekiselele kulawulo lwempahla engenayo nephumayo, eyenziwayo, ehambayo, egciniweyo nesetyenziswayo.
Ngenxa yoku kutshiwo ngasentla, umbono we-SARS kukuba yingeniso enomoya woqambo kwaneshishini lerhafu yenkcitho eliphucula ukukhula koqoqosho nophuhliso lwezentlalo kwaye ixhase ukuzidibanisa kwethu noqoqosho lwelizwe jikelele ngendlela eya kuza nenzuzo kubo bonke abemi baseMzantsi Afrika.
Umsebenzi omkhulu wayo kukwenza ithembeke imveliso yengeniso, yenze lula urhwebo kwaye idlwelise abarhumi berhafu abatsha ngokukhuthaza umqaphela wokunyanzeleka ukuba umntu athobele ngokuzithandela imithetho yaseMzantsi Afrika yerhafu neyeeRhafu zenkcitho, nokunika inkonzo esemgangathweni kusatyelwa izidingo zikawonke-wonke.
Naxa iSARS inoxanduva lokuqulunqa uwiso-mthetho lwengeniso, oku kwenziwa phantsi kwesikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo soMphathiswa wezeMali, kwezinye iimeko phantsi koMphathiswa wezoRhwebo neMveliso. Ngokunjalo, iincwadana ezikhutshwa nguMthombo wezeMali kaZwelonke neSebe lezoRhwebo neMveliso ngokwemimgqaliselo yoMthetho kufuneka nazo zijongwe ngokubhekiselele ekubandakanyweni kukawonke-wonke ekwenziweni komgaqo-nkqubo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimo nobumbaxa bowiso-mthetho ocetywayo kungaqalwa ngephepha lengxoxo elandlala inkqubo ecetywayo kwaye kufunwe noluvo lukawonke-wonke. Eli nyanthelo lingalandelwa kukukhutshwa kowiso-mthetho oluqulunqwayo ukuze kufunwe uluvo lukawonke-wonke.
Njengoko iPalamente ingenalo igunya ngoku lokulungisa uMthetho oyilwayo weMali wakuba wandlaliwe, kuye kwaphuhliswa inkqubo engacwangciswanga ukukhuthaza unxibelelwano nengxoxo-mpikiswano kawonke-wonke phambi kokwandlalwa komthetho. Inkqubo iqala ngokukhutshwa kowiso-mthetho oluyilwayo yi-SARS iintsuku ezili-10 ubuncinane phambi kokwaziswa okungacwangciswanga kweeKomiti zePalamente. I-SARS ikwakunye neeKomiti zePalamente zicela uluvo lukawonke-wonke ngowiso-mthetho oluqulunqwayo, nokuba kungokubhala phantsi okanye ngentetho yomlomo. Xa oku sekwenzekile, iiKomiti zePalamente ziya kuhlangana zimamele ezi zingeniso zomlomo. Emveni kokumamela ezi zimvo i-SARS noMthombo wezeMali kaZwelonke ilungisa uxwebhu lwempendulo apho ixela ukuba zeziphi na izingeniso ezamkelweyo nokuba zeziphi ezingamkelwanga nezizathu zoko.
Uwiso-mtthetho olucetyiweyo luyandlalwa nguMphathiswa wezeMali ukuze kuqalise inkqubo yasePalamente ecwangcileyo.
Uwiso-mthetho oluncedisayo, Amanqaku okutolika, njalo njalo.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwimo nakubumbaxa bowiso-mthetho olucetywayo inqaku lokutolika, njalo njalo lingakhokelwa kukubonisana namaqela emveliso, imibutho yabaqeqeshelwe umsebenzi namanye amaqela anomdla okanye ukukhutshwa komthetho oqulunqwayo ukuze uwonke-wonke anike uluvo lwakhe.
I-SARS iyazamkela izingeniso ngokubhekiselele kwimigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo. Ezi zingeniso kumele zithunyelwe kuMlawuli Jikelele ofanelekileyo okuluhlu lwamacandelo kwisiqendwana 5.1 okanye kwiKhomishina yeNkonzo yeNgeniso yaseMzantsi Afrika kwenye yezi dilesi zilandelayo.
Iinkonzo ezinikwa yi-SARS zijolise ngokubanzi ekukhuthazeni ukuthobela ngokuzithandela kwanokulwazi uwiso-mthetho lwengeniso.
Uncedo olunikwa abahlawuli-rhafu nabarhwebi xa kuzaliswa iingxelo ezisesikweni ngemivuzo, iingxelo zengeniso nezinye iifomu.
I-SARS ikwanika iinkonzo ukunceda abahlawuli-rhafu nabarhwebi xa bejongene nolawulo lwezinye iirhafu.
Ukudibana kwemihla ngemihla phakathi kwe-SARS, abahlawuli-rhafu, abarhwebi nabameli babo kuya kuchatshazelwa yinkqubo ye-SARS yokuphatha kwakhona iinkqubo zayo zoshishino. Ekuphuculeni iinkonzo kwabo banebango iqulunqa ngokutsha ii-ofisi zayo zamasebe ezimiyo ukuba zibe ngamaziko ovavanyo, amaziko enkxaso nee-ofisi zamasebe. Izakhiwo ezitsha ze-ofisi zimisiwe KwaZulu-Natala naseNtshona Koloni kwaye ziza kumiswa eGauteng ngowama-2003.
IGosa loLwazi le-SARS nguKhomishina weNkonzo yeNgeniso yaseMzantsi Afrika, nguMnu Pravin Gordhan. Wonyule Oosekela-Gosa boLwazi abajongene nezicelo zokufumana iingxelo ezigciniweyo imihla ngemihla. USekela-gosa woLwazi ngamnye unendawo yoxanduva ayinikiweyo esekwe kubuncutshe bakhe.
Ukuba unqwenela ukwenza isicelo sokufumana iingxelo ze-SARS, isicelo sakho kufuneka sithunyelwe kuSekela-Gosa woLwazi onolo xanduva.
IGosa loLwazi nooSekela-Gosa boLwazi basebenzisa idilesi yendawo nedilesi yeposi ezifanayo.
Njengeshishini elinoxanduva lokuqokelela ingeniso kazwelonke, iingxelo ezigciniweyo ze-SARS zingena kwizintlu ezintathu ezinkulu.
Ezi ngxelo zigciniweyo ziquka iingxelo zerhafu yengeniso, imithetho eyilwayo yokungenisa, iingxelo ezisesikweni ngemivuzo, uvavanyo, inkcazelo zezemali, ulwazi ngezemali okanye olunye ulwazi ngabahlawuli-rhafu oluqokelelwe kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo neengxelo zokuxabisa.
Ezi ngxelo ziquka ulwazi ngomgaqo-nkqubo wengqesho, izivumelwano zengqesho zabo bonke abaqeshwa kwi-SARS, iingxelo zokuxabisa nolwazi lwemivuzo.
Ezi ngxelo zigciniweyo ziquka iingxelo ze-SARS zezemali nge-akhawunti yakho ne-akhawunti elawulwa yingeniso, izivumelwano, imizuzu yeekomiti ezahlukeneyo, iingxelo ezingokusebenza neencwadana, uqikelelo-manani erhafu noqikelelo-manani ezorhwebo.
I-SARS ipapasha uqikelelo-manani ezorhwebo isenzela uMzantsi Afrika namazwe e-BLNS ngenyanga nganye. UMthombo wezeMali kaZwelonke upapasha uqikelelo-manani engeniso ngenyanga.
I-SARS iya kunika umhlawuli-rhafu ikopi yengxelo ebuyayo yerhafu yakhe, uvavanyo, inkcazelo ye-akhawunti nezinye iingxelo ezifanayo xa ziceliweyo e-ofisini apho iingxelo zigcinwe khona. Apho ziceliweyo iikopi zeengxelo ezigciniweyo, kusenokuhlawuliswa umrhumo wokukopa, oko kuya kuxhomekeka kubungakanani bomqulu weengxelo eziceliweyo.
Amanyathelo angezantsi ayilwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba isicelo sakho sokufumana iingxelo zolwazi ezigcinwe yi-SARS siqwalaselwa ngokukhawuleza nangenkuthalo. La manyathelo ayesebenza nokuba ungumceli wangaphakathi okanye wangaphandle.
Jonga ukuba ingxelo onqwenela ukuyicela inxulumene na nolwazi olunge-SARS okanye ulwazi i-SARS enokuba ilugcinile okanye olunokuba luphantsi kolawulo lwayo. Izicelo zeengxelo ezinokuba zigcinwe okanye ezinokuba ziphantsi kolawulo lwelinye iqela kufuneka zithunyelwe kwelo qela. Izicelo eziya kwi-SARS zeengxelo enokuba inazo okanye eziphantsi kolawulo lwayo ziya kwenza zicothe iimpendulo zezinye izicelo zengxelo kwaye oko kuya kwenza ukuba izicelo zibhekiswe kwelinye iqela, loo nto ke iya kwenza icothe impendulo yesicelo sakho.
Khumbula ukuba i-SARS iya kusikhaba isicelo sengxelo ukuba loo ngxelo inolwazi olugcinwe yi-SARS okanye lulwazi elufumene ngeenjongo zokunyanzelisa uwiso-mthetho lwengeniso, ngaphandle kokuba ulwazi lungawe okanye lungaloo mntu ommeleyo.
Jonga ukuba ingaba isicelo sezizathu zenyathelo lolawulo asimele kwenziwa ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho woKhuthazo loLawulo loBulungisa, 2000 na, njengokuba izizathu mhlawumbi kungenzeka ukuba azikabi yongxelo yolwazi njengoko kuchaziwe.
Ukuba wanelisekile ukuba usanqwenela ukwenza isicelo seengxelo, zalisa iFomu A, oza kuyifumana kwiSihlomelo 1 sale ncwadana. Isicelo kufuneka senziwe ngumntu ngokwakhe, okanye nge-e-mail, ngefeksi okanye ngeposi koyena Sekela-Gosa woLwazi odweliswe kwisiqendwana 6 sale ncwadana. Ukuba awufumananga mbalelwano yokufunyanwa kwesicelo sakho kwintsuku ezi-14, nceda qhakamshelana noSekela-Gosa wolwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicelo sakho sifunyenwe.
Icandelo ngalinye lefomu liqulethe imiyalelo emelwe ilandelwe ukuphucula amathuba okuba isicelo sakho samkelwe..
Apho kwenziwa isicelo esinxulumene nombutho, kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba igosa likawonke-wonke lombutho lenze okanye ligunyazise isicelo eso.
Ukuba ucelela umntu iingxelo kufuneka unike ikopi ekugunyazisa ukuba wenzele loo mntu.
Kufuneka unike inkcazo eneennkcukacha kangangoko yeengxelo ezo ozicelayo ukwenzela ukuba uSekela-Gosa woLwazi akwazi ukuziphawula.
Ukuba ufumana ubunzima ekuzaliseni ifomu yesicelo okanye unokulimala okukuthintela ukuba uyizalise ifomu, nceda musa ukuthandabuza ukuqhakamshelana noSekela-Gosa woLwazi ofanelekileyo akuncede. Uya kuyonwabela into yokukunceda uzalise ifomu kwaye akuthumelele ikopi ezalisiweyo ebhaliweyo yesicelo apho kwezo ndawo akuzalisele zona.
Kusenokuba yimfuneko ukuhlawula imirhumo yokufumana iingxelo ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho. Le mirhumo ngumrhumo wesicelo nomrhumo wokufumana ingxelo.
Umrhumo wesicelo: Ukuba ucela ukufumana ingxelo engawe, akusayi kufunwa uhlawule umrhumo wesicelo. Nasiphi esinye isicelo kufuneka sikhatshwe ngumrhumo wesicelo ofunwayo.
Umrhumo wokufumana ingxelo: Ukuba isicelo sivunyiwe ngoko ke umrhumo wokufumana ingxelo kufuneka uhlawulwe ukuze kwenziwe ezi ngxelo kwaye kuhlawulelwe nexesha elingaphezulu kweyure ukukhangela nokulungisa ezi ngxelo ukuba zidizwe. Apho ixesha lokulungisa iingxelo zize zibe nokudizwa lisengagqitha kwiiyure ezintandathu, idiphozithi esisinye esithathwini yomrhumo wokufumana ingxelo ingafunwa njengediphozithi.
Ungayihlawula imirhumo ngemali esesandleni (ikheshi) kwi-ofisi ye-SARS yemali esesandleni okanye ngetshekhi (ebhalwe uKhomishina weNkonzo yeNgeniso yaseMzantsi Afrika). Kuya kukhutshwa irisithi apho kuhlawulwe ngemali esesandleni kwaye ikopi kufuneka inikwe uSekela-Gosa woLwazi njengobungqina bentlawulo. Zonke iintlawulo mazenziwe ngemali yaseMzantsi Afrika.
Ubume bemirhumo kwandlalwe ngummiselo kwaye bubhalwe kwiSihlomelo 2 sale ncwadana.
USekela-Gosa wolwazi kufuneka ethathe isigqibo ngesicelo sakho kwiintsuku ezingama-30 (ezingama-60 kwezinye iimeko) akufumana isicelo sakho, ukuba akenzi njalo siya kuba isicelo sakho sikhatyiwe. Uya kwaziswa ngesigqibo soSekela-Gosa woLwazi ngendlela exelwe kwifomu yakho yesicelo.
Ukufumana ingxelo akukhatywa ngesizathu esinye okanye ngezizathu zokukhaba ezikuMthetho.
Izicelo zemfeketho nezicaphukisayo, okanye nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo ngendlela ephambukileyo.
Ukuba awaneliseki sisigqibo sikaSekela-Gosa woLwazi okanye ukukhatywa kwesicelo sakho, unelungelo lokufaka isibheno sangaphakathi ngokubhekiselele kweso sigqibo okanye oko kukhatywa.
Isibheno sangaphakathi kufuneka senziwe ngokubhala kusetyenziswa iFomu B oza kuyifumana kwiSihlomelo 3 sale ncwadana. Kufuneka uzandlale izizathu zokubhena ngokunxulumene nengxelo nganye efunwayo. Isibheno sangaphakathi kufuneka sifakwe kwithuba leentsuku ezingama-60 emva kokufumana isigqibo esiphuma kuSekela-Gosa woLwazi okanye umhla wokukhatywa kwesicelo. USekela-Gosa woLwazi uya kusidlulisa isibheno sakho kunye nezizathu kwiGunya eliseMxholweni le-SARS ukuba lithathe isigqibo. Ukuba awufumananga mbalelwano ekwazisa ngokuba isibheno sakho sifunyenwe kwithuba leentsuku ezili-14, nceda qhakamshelana noSekela-Gosa woLwazi uqinisekise ukuba isicelo sakho sifunyenwe.
Ukuba awaneliseki sisigqibo seGunya eliseMxholweni, ungenza isicelo kwiNkundla ukuba ikuncede.
Isikhokelo siya kufumaneka kwiKhomishini yaMalungelo oLuntu yaseMzantsi Afrika ngaphambi kokuphela kuka-Agasti 2003.
Igama nedilesi yendawo neyeposi , inombolo yefeksi, okanye i- e-mail yegosa lolwazi okanye usekela-gosa wolwazi kufuneka zixelwe apha ngezantsi.
B. Iinkcukacha zomntu ocela ukufumana ingxelo c Iinkcukacha zomntu ocela ukufumana ingxelo mazibhalwe apha ngezantsi.
Ubungqina besikhundla sakho wena wenza isicelo, ukuba siyafuneka, mabunamatheliswe.
Eli candelo malizaliswe kuphela xa isicelo sisenzelwa omnye umntu.
D. Iinkcukacha zengxelo c I-SARS iyasikhaba isicelo sengxelo ukuba iqulethe ulwazi olugcinwe yi-SARS okanye elufumene ngeenjongo zokunyanzelisa uwiso-mthetho lwengeniso, ngaphandle kokokuba olo lwazi lungawe okanye lungaloo mntu ommeleyo.
Nika iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zengxelo ecelwayo, uquka nenombolo yokwalathisa ukuba uyayazi ukwenzela ukuba ingxelo ibe nokufunyanwa.
Ukuba isithuba esinikiweyo asaneli nceda qhuba kwelinye iphepha uze ulinamathelise kule fomu. Kufuneka uwasayine onke amaphepha ongeziweyo.
Uya kwaziswa ngesixa ekufuneka sihlawulwe njengomrhumo wesicelo.
Umrhumo wokufumana ingxelo ohlawulelwa ukufumana ingxelo uxhomekeke kwindlela efunwa ikuyo ingxelo nexesha elifunekayo ukukhangela nokulungisa ingxelo.
Ukuba ukholelwa ekubeni umele ukhululwe ungahlawuli umrhumo omiselweyo, nceda nika isizathu sakho sokuba ukholelwe koko.
c Ukuxela kwakho ukuba uyifuna ngeyiphi indlela ingxelo kuxhomekeke kwindlela efumaneka ikuyo ingxelo.
Ukufumana ingxelo kwindlela eceliweyo kusenokwaliwa kwiimeko ezithile. Kwimeko enjalo uya kwaziswa ukuba ingxelo uza kuyinikwa ikwenye indlela.
Umrhumo ohlawulelwa ukufumana ingxelo, ukuba ukhona, uya kumiselwa nayindlela ecelwa ukuba ibe kuyo ingxelo. Ukuba uthintelwa kukulimala ungakwazi ukufunda, ukujonga okanye ukumamela ingxelo kuloo ndlela uyinikwe ikuyo ukususela kwisi-1 ukuya kwisi-4 ngezantsi, chaza ukulimala kwakho kwaye uxele ukuba ingxelo uyifuna ikweyiphi indlela. Ukulimala:...
Ukuhlolwa kwengxelo 2.
kuqukwa iifoto, izilayidi, okushicilelwe kwividiyo, imifanekiso eyenziwe ngekhompyutha, imizobo njalo njalo.
uxwebhu olubhaliweyo okanye olushicilelweyo 4.
Ukuba ucele ikopi yengxelo okanye ingxelo ekhutshelweyo ngasentla unqwenela ukuba ikopi okanye leyo ikhutshelweyo iposelwe kuwe Umrhumo weposi uyahlawulwa EWE HAYI Qaphela ukuba ingxelo ayifumaneki ngolu lwimi olukhethayo, uya kuyinikwa ikolo lwimi ifumaneka ngalo. Ukhetha ukuba ibe koluphi ulwimi ingxelo?
Uza kwaziswa ngokuba ubhalelwe ukuba ingaba isicelo sakho samkelwe na okanye sikhatyiwe. Ukuba ufuna ukwaziswa ngenye indlela , nceda xela indlela leyo kwaye unike neenkcukacha ezifanelekileyo ukuze sibe nokuthotyelwa isicelo sakho.
Ungathanda ukwaziswa njani ngesigqibo esimalunga nesicelo sakho?
Isayinwe e ngalo ... mhla we/wama... 20...
Umrhumo wekopi yencwadana njengoko ucamngcwe kummiselo 5 (c) ngama-R0,20 ngefotokopi yephepha eliyi-A4 okanye inxalenye yayo.
a Ngefotokopi nganye yephepha eliyi-A4 okanye inxalenye yayo.
Umrhumo wesicelo ohlawulwa ngumceli ngamnye, ingenguye umceli ngokwakhe oxelwe kummiselo 7 ngama- R35,00.
a Ngefotokopi nganye yephepha eliyi-A4 okanye inxalenye yayo.
f Ukukhangela nokulungisa ingxelo ukuba idizwe, R15 ngeyure nganye okanye inxalenye yeyure, ingabalwa iyure yokuqala, ixesha elifunekayo ukukhangela nokulungisa ingxelo elolo hlobo.
a Iiyure ezintandathu njengeeyure emazigqitywe phambi kokuhlawulwa kwediphozithi; ukuze b isinye esithathwini somrhumo wokufumana ingxelo uhlawulwe njengediphozithi ngumceli.
Umrhumo wokuposa uyahlawulwa xa kufuneka kuposelwe ikopi yengxelo kumceli.
Isihlomelo A seSaziso sikaRhulumente No. R. 187 sibalula ukuba; "Amaqela kawonke-wonke nawangasese abhalise phantsi koMthetho weRhafu yeNtengo, 1991 (uMthetho no.89 wowe-1991) njengabathengisi bangongeza irhafu yentengo kuyo yonke imirhumo" Naxa i-SARS ibhaliswe njengomthengisi, ikhethe ukungayifaki i-VAT kwimirhumo emiselweyo.
Igama nedilesi yendawo neyeposi , inombolo yefeksi, okanye i- e-mail yegosa lolwazi okanye usekela-gosa wolwazi kufuneka zixelwe apha ngezantsi.
B. Iinkcukacha zomntu ocela ukufumana ingxelo c Inkcukacha zomntu ocela ukufumana ingxelo mazibhalwe apha ngezantsi.
Ubungqina besikhundla sakho wena wenza isicelo, ukuba siyafuneka, mabunamatheliswe.
Eli candelo malizaliswe kuphela ukuba isicelo sokufumana ulwazi senzelwa omnye umntu.
Phawula ngo- "X" isigqibo esifakwa ngenxa yaso isibheno kwibhokisi efanelekileyo: Ukwaliwa kwesicelo sokufumana ingxelo. Isigqibo malunga nemirhumo emiselwe ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 22 loMthetho. Isigqibo malunga nokwandiswa kwexesha lokujongana nesi sicelo ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 26 loMthetho Isigqibo ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 29 loMthetho sokwala ukufumana isicelo sikwindlela ecelwe ngumceli. Isigqibo sokuvuma isicelo sokufumana ingxelo.
Ukuba isithuba osinikiweyo aseneli nceda qhuba kwelinye iphepha uze ulinamathelise kule fomu. Kufuneka uwasayine amaphepha ongeziweyo.
Uya kwaziswa ngokubhalelwa ngesigqibo esingesibheno sangaphakathi sakho. Ukuba unqwenela ukwaziswa ngenye indlela, nceda xela indlela leyo kwaye unike neenkcukacha ezifunekayo ukwenzela ukuba sibe nokuthotyelwa isicelo sakho.
Ungathanda ukwaziswa njani ngesigqibo esimalunga nesicelo sakho?
Isayinwe e ngalo ... mhla we/wama... 20...
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_AMALUNGELO AKHO OKUSINGQONGILEYO.txt</fn>
Kutheni okusingqongileyo kubalulekile kuthi?
Xa sithetha ngokusingqongileyo, sithetha ngako konke okusijikelezileyo, sibandakanya umhlaba, amanzi, umoya ojikeleza umhlaba, iindawo ezizodwa ezibalulekileyo, ubomi bezityalo nezilwanyana eziphembelela ubomi bomntu kunye nempilo.
Okusingqongileyo kusichukumisa sonke. Sonke sifuna okusingqongileyo okunempilo nokukhuselekileyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuthi umoya ococekileyo namanzi, iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokuhlala, nokutya okwaneleyo nokunempilo. Xa okusingqongileyo kwethu kuhlaziswa ngenxa yokungcoliseka nayinkunkuma, iyasichukumisa xa sisonke, sishiyeka nezifo. Abantu ngabona banokwenzakala!
Sonke siyazama ukuphucula ubomi obungcono ngoku nakwixesha elizayo. Sonke sifuna abantwana bethu babe namathuba angcono okuphila impilo nobomi obumnandi. Ngenxa yoko sifuna uphuhliso loqoqosho, ubulungisa ekuhlaleni nokusingqongileyo okugcinwe kusempilweni?
impilo yethu yemihla ngemihla nemisebenzi yokusingqongileyo mayiphuculwe wonke umntu funeka abenendlela elinganayo emhlabeni nakubutyebi bendalo fanele sisebenzise intlalo yethu, inkcubeko kwakunye nobutyebi bendalo ngendlela egcinakeleyo fanele sikhuthaze uthatho nxaxheba nguwonke wonke kwizigqibo zokuba kungasetyenziswa njani okusingqongileyo.
Umgaqo siseko welizwe uthembisa amalungelo oluntu asisiseko yaye unikeza imithetho siseko ekhokelayo eluntwini. Amalungelo kwakunye neemfanelo kumgaqo siseko fanel ukuba ngawomntu ngamnye kunye nebandla eMzantsi Afrika. Sinethamsanqa eMzantsi Afrika, kuba ngokungafaniyo namanye amazwe amaninzi, umgaqo siseko wethu unakana into yokuba okusingqongileyo okunempilo lilungelo lomntu olusisiseko?
Amalungelo oluntu asisiseko abanentsingiselo kuphela xa sithe sawamkela sisonke ukuba fanele sisebenzele ngasekuwenzeni abeyimpumelelo. Kwelinye icala ithethe ukuthi urhulumente makalandele imithetho siseko ebekiweyo kumgaqo siseko. Abemi namabandla, kwelinye icala, fanele bafune ukuba amalungelo abo ahlonitshiwe yaye abonise ukuba bathabatha iimfanelo eziza namalungelo?
Ukuba amalungelo akho awahlonitshwanga, unga?
faka ityala enkundleni, khalaza kwiKhomishoni yamaLungelo oluNtu, khalaza kumKhuseli kaWonke wonke, ukuba urhulumente uthembekile.
Ngawaphi amalungelo akho okusingqongileyo kumgaqo siseko?
Umgaqo siseko umela ilungelo lakho kwi?
Wonke ubani unalo eli lungelo lisisiseko, kwaye wonke ubani angathabatha amanyathelo asemthethweni ukukhusela eli lungelo.
Urhulumente fanele avumelane nelungelo lomgaqo siseko ukuba abe nokusingqongileyo okukhuselekileyo ngokuthabatha amanyathelo akhuselekileyo?
Urhulumente makenze imithetho enqanda ungcoliseko lomoya nolonzakaliso lokusingqongileyo, aphucule ulondolozo, alungelelanise uqoqosho, aphuhlise intlalo nokusingqongileyo. Urhulumente makaqinisekise ukuba imilinganiselo eqingqiweyo iyathatyathwa ukukhusela okusingqongileyo ngokuchasene nemisebenzi eyonakalisayo enokuza nophuhliso lwentlalo noqoqosho, nokuba uphuhliso lwentlalo noqoqosho luyafuneka.
Urhulumente wenze imithetho emitsha ukukhusela okusingqongileyo. Ukususela ngo -1998, umThetho omtsha kaZwelonke waManzi, umThetho kaZwelonke wamaHlathi, umThetho woButyebi bezinto eziPhila eLwandle kwakunye nomThetho kaZwelonke woLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo yapasiswa. Imithetho emitsha emhlabeni, kwizimbiwa, kumoya ococekileyo, kungcoliso lomoya nolawulo lenkunkuma nayo iyaphuhliswa.
Ucalulo olungalunganga luthintela abanye abantu yaye basebenza kwindawo ezisingqongileyo ezingenampilo. Wonke ubani unelungelo kwinkqubo yokunikeza amathuba kwabo bebehlelelekile nokuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ubulungisa kokusingqongileyo.
Wonke ubani unelungelo kwisigqibo esilungileyo esenziwa ngurhulumente, phulaphula kwimicimbi yabantu phambi kokuthatha izigqibo, nika izizathu ezilungileyo unikeze ngezisombululo kwiyantlukwano ngenkundla ezimeleyo.
Onke amalungelo kumQulu waMalungelo oluntu fanele ahlonitshwe akhuselwe. Ukuba amalungelo awanakuzalisekiswa ngokukhawuleza, amanyathelo mawathathwe ukukhuthaza amalungelo nokuzuza ukuqondwa kokuxhaswa kwenkqubela phambili?
Umzekelo wokuba ungaziqhelanisa njani namalungelo akho okusingqongileyo.
Masicinge umzekelo wequmrhu elikhulu elithengisa ichiza eliobungozi elisetyenziswa ngamafama amancinci okanye ishishini. Ukusetyenziswa kwale nto kubangela umonakalo kokusingqongileyo, apho urhulumente kufuneka acoce.
Ngokwe-NEMA, nabani na unelungelo lokufuna ukuba okusingqongileyo kukhathalelwe. Kulo mzekelo, oku kuthetha ukuba iqumrhu elikhulu fanele lithabathe imilinganiselo yengqiqo ukunqanda okanye ukunciphisa umonakalo osuka ekusetyenzisweni kwale nto ngamafama okanye amashishini ayisebenzisayo. Isizathu soku kukuba iqumrhu elikhulu linako ukubona iingozi kwaye lisebenze ngokuthembekileyo.
Phantsi komthetho wethu ongabhalwanga, imfanelo yequmrhu ayicacanga. Le nto ingakhokhelela kwiqumrhu elikhulu libaleka umsebenzi walo womthetho. I NEMA iyitshintshe yonke le nto naliphi na ilungu likawonke wonke lingenza isicelo senkundla ukuyalela ilungelo ukufuna ukuba okusingqongileyo kukhathalelwe?
Ukuba omnye wabasebenzi fama usebenzisa izinto ezinobungozi kwaye ukholelwa nyani ukuba ingcungcuthekisa ngokuxhalabisekileyo okusingqongileyo, unalo ilungelo lokwala ukwenza loo msebenzi. I NEMA ikhusela abasebenzi yaye ithi abanakuxoxiswa okanye bohlwaywe ngokwala ukwenza umsebenzi onobungozi?
I NEMA ikwanika abasebenzi ilungelo lokuxela ubungozi bokusingqongileyo kwisebe likarhulumente okanye iPalamente ngaphandle kokoyika ukohlwaywa, hlaselwa okanye ukugxothwa?
Iyilwe liCandelo loMlawuli?
Ukongeza kumgaqo siseko, sikwanayo nemithetho eyodwa yokusingqongileyo eMzantsi Afrika, UmThetho ka-1998 kaZwelonke kokusiNgqongileyo (NEMA). Lo mThetho ulandela umthetho-siseko womgaqo siseko kwaye unika inkcukacha kumalungelo omgaqo siseko?
Sonke sinelungelo kuphuhliso olugciniweyo. Ngoko ke izinto ezibalulekileyo zokusingqongileyo fanele ziqondwe phambi kokuba kuthathwe izigqibo zophuhliso. Wonke umntu unelungelo ukuba urhulumente uza kwenza izigqibo zengqondo ezichaza iimfuno zabantu ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphuhliso lugcinwe ekuhlaleni, kokusingqongileyo nakuqoqosho.
ukungaphazamisani ne-ekhosistimu kwakunye nezinto zenkcubeko ungangcolisi umoya wenze inkcitha ngobutyebi fanele uthembeke kwaye ulumke xa usebenzisa ubutyebi ukuba iziphumo ziyathandabuzeka.
Ukuthanda ukuhlala kunye, uqoqosho nemisebenzi yongquzulwano lokusingqongileyo fanele iqondwe yaye abantu abachaphazelekayo fanele kudliwanwe indlebe nabo phambi kokuba isigqibo senziwe.
Ukuba kukho ukuphikisana ngokusingqongileyo, nabani na angacela umthathi sigqibo onyule umntu ozimeleyo aphonononge umcimbi ahlalele iintlanganiso apho zonke iingxoxo namanqaku anokuvakala?
Umsebenzi akanakukhathazwa okanye ohlwayelwe ukwala ukwenza umsebenzi akholelwa umsebenzi ukuba ingangowangoku okanye oyingozi kakhulu kokusingqongileyo.
Umsebenzi akanakukhathazwa okanye ohlwayelwe uxela into akholelwa kuyo ukuba inengozi kokusingqongileyo kugunyaziso lukawonke wonke okanye kumdla kawonke wonke.
Urhulumente angafumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuzalisekisa iimfanelo zokusingqongileyo nalo naliphi na ilungu likawonke wonke elinokuza nolwazi olunjalo oluvela kurhulumente nanjengoko ikumdla kawonke wonke.
Oku kuthetha ukuba abo bathembakeleyo kwizisongelo kokusingqongileyo, izinto eziphuma emhlabeni, amanzi okanye umoya okanye ukujongana nenkunkuma eyingozi kuphantsi kwemfanelo ukunika ingxelo kuzo.
Bonke abantu mabakhathalele okusingqongileyo.
Nabani na omosha okusingqongileyo makathabathe imilinganiselo eqiqiweyo ukunciphisa nokulungisa loo monakalo, nokuba yayigunyaziswe ngumthetho.
Igosa elithembekileyo lokusingqongileyo lingayalela nokuba ngubani owonakalisa okusingqongileyo ukuthabatha imilinganiselo yokunyanga ngokungathi igosa elithembekileyo alikwazi ukwenza oko, naliphi na ilungu likawonke wonke lingasenza isicelo senkundla ukuqinisekisa umsebenzi wenkathalo.
Nawuphi na umntu ovakalelwayo ngokhuselo lokusingqongileyo angasenza isicelo senkundla okanye asebenze njengomtshutshisi wobundlobongela ukuqinisekisa amalungelo nemithetho yokusingqongileyo, yaye umntu onjalo angaphinde azifumane iindleko zeenkqubo zenkundla.
Ukuba amalungelo akho omthetho awahlonitshwanga, unga?
ungamangala enkundleni khalaza kwiKhomishoni yaMalungelo oluNtu nakuMkhuseli kaWonke wonke (ukuba urhulumente uthembekile), cela icebo kwicandelo leziKhalazo kwiSebe lemiCimbi yokusiNgqongileyo noKhenketho, cela abasemagunyeni bakho ekuhlaleni bonyule umxolelanisi akhalaze emapoliseni, fowunela inombolo yasimahla engenagama neyimfihlo ehleli isitsho njalo yokusingqongileyo, 0800 116 110, okanye u-imeyile: environment@tip-offs.com.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_AMANZI ASIMAHLA OKUSELA ACOCEKILEYO AZIILITHA EZINGAMA.txt</fn>
Umgaqo wamanzi asisiseko asimahla yinzame ehlanganyelweyo ngawo onke amacandelo karhulumente ukuba kukhawuleziswe ukudluliswa kweenkonzo zamanzi kuye wonke umntu.
Ukuzinikezela kukarhulumente wengingqi, iDWAF, iSALGA, iDPLG, iNdawo ekugcinwa kuyo imali kaZwelonke nabo bachaphazelekayo becandelo lamanzi kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba ugunyaziwe wengingqi ngamnye kuMzantsi Afrika wonke wenziwe wakwazi ukuba uphumeze lo mgaqo kummandla kagunyaziwe wengingqi.
Izintlu zamaxabiso afanelekileyo, ukufakwa kwezixhobo zokulinganisa amanzi nokukhutshelwa ii-akhawunti kwamakhaya onke.
Isabelo esiNcomekayo emasijoliswe ngokufanelekileyo ngurhulumente wengingqi ekuxhaseni iindleko zamanzi asisiseko abo bahlwempuzekileyo.
Uphuhliso lwezixhobo zobuchwepheshe zokulungiselela inqanaba elahlukeneyo lenkonzo ngeli xesha kulungiselelwa ukufakwa kwesixhobo sokulinganisa amanzi nokuwalawula.
Umhla wokuphunyezwa njengoko wazisiwe nguMphathiswa uRonnie Kasrils ngumhla woku-1 kuJulayi 2001. Amalungiselelo akhoyo okuhlawula makahlale enjalo, bade oogunyaziwe bengingqi babazise abasebenzisi ngomhla okuza kuphuyezwa ngawo kummandla lowo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_BaNtwana baseMzantsi Afrika abaThandekayo.txt</fn>
Sikuvuyela kakhulu ukuninika le ncwadi. Siyathemba ukuba niyakuyifunda ngononophelo kuba inixelela ngamalungelo enu njengabantwana.
Ngo-1995, urhulumente wethu wasayina iMvumelwano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ngamaLungelo omNtwana. Oku kuthetha ukuba sivumile ukuthobela imitehtho ekhethekileyo emalunga nokuba kufuneka baphathwe njani na abantwana kwilizwe xa lilonke. Ukuba ngaba asiyithobeli le mithetho, siyakuba sengxakini enkulu kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo!
Kodwa into enye esiyiqapheleyo eMzantsi Afrika kukuba, iMvumelwano imalunga nabantwana, kodwa ayibhalwanga ngendlela abantwana abanokuyiqonda ngokulula ngayo, Kunceda ntoni ke oko, siyazibuza. Ngokuqinisekileyo abantwana kufuneka babe nako ukuwaqonda amalungelo abo?
Yiloo nto ke sigqibe ekubeni siyibhalele wena.
Amalungelo akule ncwadi ngamalungelo akho. Ngawontwana ngamnye woMzantsi Afrika kunye nomntwana ngamnye kwilizwe lonke. Akukho mntu ungawathatha la malungelo kuwe.
Ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba uyawazi!
Wahloniphe amalungelo abanye!
Sincede ekwakheni ikamva lelizwe lethu!
Kwaye qiniseka ukuba wonwaba kakhulu kwangaxesha nye!
Ndinabantwana abangabam. Ngoko ke ndiyazi ukuba eyona nto ibalulekileyo emntwaneni kukuziva ekhuselwe kwaye ekhuselekile. Le ncwadi imalunga namalungelo abantwana ukuba bazive bekhuselekile kwaye bekhuselwe kwilizwe lethu. Ndizibophelele ekuqinisekiseni ukuba uyawazi amalungelo akho kunye nokuba wonke umntu kwisebe lam usebenza nzima ukuba akhusele wena, usapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo.
Ndiyaqonda kwakhona ukuba njengabantwana eningabo ngoku, ninemfuno enkulu yokuba nizive nikhuselekile, nikhuselwe, nixatyisiwe kwaye nikhathalelwe. Ndiyaqonda kuba nam ndake ndaba ngumntwana. Ngumsebenzi wam ke ngoko owokuqinisekisa ukuba abo benza amatyala olwaphulo mthetho abhekiselwe ebantwananeni bayatshutshiswa kwaye bohlwaywe ngokufanelekileyo. Ndiwuthatha ngondileko umsebenzi wam kwaye ndizibophelele ekugcineni ubomi obukhuselekileyo nobunentlonipho benu. Le ncwadi yeyenu kwaye iyakuninceda nazi ukuba kokuphi na ukuziphatha okungamkelekanga kwaye nixele abo bantu badala kunye nabantwana abaphazamisa amalungelo enu. Bonke abantwana belizwe mabawonwabele la malungelo.
Sonke singabosapho olukhulu kakhulu lwabantu. Sinoobhuti noosisi kwilizwe xa lilonke.
Kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, phambi kokuba uzalwe, bonke oorhulumente belizwe baye bahlangana ukuze baseke urhulumente welizwe lonke ekuthiwa ziZizwe eziManyeneyo. Aba rhulumente bavumelana ukuba ilungu ngalinye losapho lwethu lwabantu linelungelo lenkululeko, ubulungisa kunye noxolo elizweni.
Kwaye wonke umntu uthetha wonke umntu ngokugqibeleleyo. Nokuba sivela phi na okanye singobani na. Nokuba sizizityebi okanye singamahlwempu okanye siphakathi. Nokuba singumbala onjani na, uhlanga okanye inkolo. Nokuba singamadoda okanye abasetyhini okanye amantombazana okanye amakhwenkwe.
Kodwa kucacile ukuba abantwana bafuna ukhathalelo kunye noncedo olungaphaya kunolo lufunwa ngabantu abakhulileyo. Yiloo nto iMvumelwano (isivumelwano) kumaLungelo omNtwana kwavunyelwana ngayo ziZizwe eziManyeneyo ngowama-20 Novemba 1989.
Zininzi izizathu ezenza ukuba iZizwe eziManyeneyo zizikhathaze ngamalungelo abantwana kwaye zibe nemvakalelo yokuba amalungelo akhethekileyo ayafuneka.
Okokuqala, iZizwe eziManyeneyo ziqinisekile ukuba abantwana bakhula ngcono kusapho okanye ekhaya apho banokonwaba khona, bathandwe kwaye baqondwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba iintsapho kunye nabo bajonga abantwana kufuneka bakhuselwe ukuze babe nako ukunakekela abantwana babo kwaye babancede ukuba bakhule.
Okwesibini, abantwana kufuneka bakhule ngendlela eyakubenza ukuba ibe ngabantu abadala abathathela kubo uxanduva kwaye babe ngamalungu oluntu lwabo. Kufuneka ukuba bafundiswe ukuhlala elizweni ngoxolo, isidima, ukunyamezela, inkululeko, ukulingana kunye nangokumanyana.
Okwesithathu, amaxwebhu kunye nezibhengezo ezininzi ezohlukeneyo zamazwe ngamazwe ziphakamise ukhathalelo, intlalo-ntle, ukuphathwa kunye nokukhuselwa okukhethekileyo kwabantwana. Kuyavakala ukubhalwa kwawo phantsi kuxwebhu olunye - uxwebhu lwabantwana kuphela.
Okwesine, nangona wonke umntu efuna ukuba bonke abantwana bakhule bonwabile kwaye bonelisekile, iZizwe eziManyeneyo ziyazi ukuba, kumazwe kwilizwe lonke, abantwana baphila phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.
Ngezi zizathu kunye nezinye ezininzi, yinto entle ukuba neMvumelwano eKhethekileyo kuMalungelo omNtwana. Le Mvumelwano ithetha ngabo bonke ubunzima kunye neengxaki abantwana belizwe abanokujongana nazo kuqukwa nawo onke amalungelo akhethekileyo abantwana ekufuneka babe nawo.
Le yimvumelwano yakho kwaye kubalulekile ukuba wazi ngayo nokuba imalunga nantoni na. Yenziwe ngeenxenye ezahlukeneyo (iZizwe eziManyeneyo ezibiza ngokuba "ngamanqaku").
Ibhalwe ngolwimi lomthetho ukwenzela ukuba isetyenziselwe ukhuselo lwakho ezinkundleni. Kodwa oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima kakhulu ukuyiqonda. Yiyo loo nto sibhalele wena le ncwadi ngolwimi olulula.
Kodwa kuqala, kufuneka sikucacisele ukuba yintoni iMvumelwano kwaye yenzeke njani.
Njengoko sicacisile, iZizwe eziManyeneyo luhlobo lukarhulumente wehlabathi. Lo rhulumente udibana kwindlu enkulu kwizakhiwo zeZizwe eziManyeneyo e-New York. Kulapha ke apho baxoxa imicimbi ebalulekileyo elizweni njengeMvumelwano kumaLungelo omNtwana. Khumbula ukuba iMvumelwano sisivumelwano esiphakathi kwamazwe omhlaba.
Bakube bevumelene ngeMvumelwano, ilizwe ngalinye maliye kwiPalamente yalo kwaye livumelane ngeMvumelwano apho. Oku kuthiwa kukuqinisekiswa kweMvumelwano. IPalamente kufuneka ivotele ukuba iyakuyithobela imithetho yeMvumelwano. Yakube iPalamente yelizwe ivumile (ukuqinisekisa) iMvumelwano, urhulumente welo lizwe kufuneka athobele imithetho yayo.
Masikhumbule ukuba ayingawo onke amazwe avumela yonke iMvumelwano.
Ngo-1995, uRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika wavuma (ukuqinisekisa) iMvumelwano kumaLungelo omNtwana. Oku kuthetha ukuba urhulumente wethu makathobele imithetho yeMvumelwano.
IZizwe eziManyeneyo zinekomiti ekhethekileyo yabantu ekufuneka ibuze amazwe ukuba iwaxelele ukuba enzani ukuthobela le mithetho.
Xa uMzantsi Afrika wawusayina iMvumelwano, senza isithembiso esikhethekileyo kubantwana boMzantsi Afrika sokuba siyakubeka abantwana phambile kuyo yonke into oyenzayo.
Imvumelwano ithi umntwana ngumntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ilizwe linokuba nomthetho ovumela umntwana ukuba abe ngumntu omdala kwangoko.
Ungacinga ngesizathu esinokwenza ukuba kutheni ilizwe linokuvumela ukuba umntwana abe ngumntu omdala engaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 Umzekelo, kwamanye amazwe abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 bayavunyelwa ukuba batshate. Ingaba ucinga ukuba umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 kodwa etshatile kufuneka aphathwe njengomntwana?
Ilizwe ngalinye kufuneka liqinisekise ukuba onke amalungelo kule Mvumelwano asebenza kumntwana ngamnye kwelo lizwe.
Akukho mntwana makangabandakanywa ezintweni ngenxa yohlanga lwakhe, umbala, isini, ulwimi okanye inkolo.
Akukho mntwana makangabandakanywa ezintweni ngenxa yokuba iyintoni ayicingayo okanye ayithethayo okanye ngenxa yendawo asuka kuyo.
Akukho mntwana makangabandakanywa ezintweni ngenxa yokuba ehluphekile okanye esisityebi okanye ekhubazekile ngayo nayiphi na indlela.
Akukho mntwana makangabandakanywa ezintweni ngenxa yokuba ohlukile okanye ngenxa yokuba abazali bakhe okanye usapho lwakhe okanye abo bamkhathalelayo bebonwa njengokuba bohlukile okanye babi okanye abaqhelekanga.
Oorhulumente kufuneka bathabathe amanyathelo angqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abacalulwa okanye bohlwaywe ngenxa yento eyenziwe, ethethwe okanye ekukholelwa kuyo ngabazali babo, amalungu eentsapho okanye ngabo babakhathalelayo.
Ngamanye amazwi, umntwana kufuneka angasolwa ngenxa yento eyenziwe lilungu lelingumntu omdala okanye lusapho lwakhe kwaye apho umntwana ebengenakuyinceda into leyo.
Ingaba kukho nabaphi na abantwana obaziyo abamalungelo abo anokuba sengozini kuba bohlukile kwabanye abantwana Cinga ngoku umzuzwana. Kutheni kunje oku Yintoni ongayenza ukuthintela oku ukuba kwenzeke Yintoni ongayithetha ukuthintela abanye abantu ekonzakaliseni aba bantwana?
Onke amaziko entlalo-ntle, iinkundla kunye namanye amaqumrhu kunye nabantu abasebenza okanye abasebenzela abantwana kufuneka babeke kuqala oko kulungele ngcono umntwana.
Oorhulumente kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba abantwana banokhuselo kunye nokhathalelo abalufunayo. Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba maba ngabahoyi abazali kunye nabanye abantu eyiyimfanelo yabo ukujonga abantwana.
Oorhulumente kufuneka baqinisekise iindawo kunye neenkonzo abazinikayo zokuba kujongwe okanye kukhuselwe abantwana ukuba zikhuselekile kwaye zinempilo. Kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba kusoloko kukho abantu aboneleyo abaqeqeshwe kakuhle kunye nabafanelekileyo ukuba bakhathalele abantwana kunye nabantu abalungileyo abaphetheyo ukwenzela ukuba kungabikho nto ihamba ngokungalunganga.
Oorhulumente banemfanelo yokunika abantwana uncedo abalufunayo. Hlobo luni lwabantu ekufuneka baqeshwe ukuba banike olu ncedo Kufuneka babaphathe njani abantwana Ukuba ngaba abantwana kufuneka bahlale ezindaweni ezikude namakhaya, kufuneka zijongeke njani ezi ndawo Khumbula ukuba aba bantwana banokuba banesithukuthezi kwaye bayoyika. Banokuba nomsindo kuba benokuziva bonzakele okanye belahliwe?
Oorhulumente abatyebileyo kunye nabahluphekayo kufuneka benze okona kungcono banokukwenza ukufumana iindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo akule mvumelwano asebenza kubo bonke abantwana. Ukuba, ngazo zonke iinzame zalo, ilizwe alinayo imali eyoneleyo yokuhlawulela yonke into efunwa ngabantwana balo, kufuneka licele amanye amazwe ukuba alincede.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukluba amazwe enze zonke iinzame zokubeka okulungele abantwana kuqala?
Oorhulumente kufuneka bayihloniphe into yokuba abazali kunye nabanye abakhathalela abantwana banemfabelo kunye nomsebenzi wokukhokela abantwana ekubeni bawasebenzisa njani amalungelo abo. Ngamanye amaxesha isikhokelo sinikwa lisiko lengingqi okanye yinkcubeko.
Okukhona umntwana aya esiba mdala okanye evuthwa, kokukhona aya kubandakanyeka kwizigqibo zolu hlobo.
Cinga ngoku. Ucinga ukuba umntwana kufuneka abe neminyaka emingaphi phambi kokuba aqonde kwaye asebenzise amalungelo akhe Xa sithetha ngamanye amalungelo kamva kule ncwadi, inokukwenza ube nomdla eyokuthetha ngamanye awo nabazali bakho okanye abantu abakukhathalelayo. Ngaphaya koko, abantwana abancinane kakhulu kufuneka bakhokelwe kakuhle ngabantu abadala. Abantwana abadala bayaqala ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwamalungelo neemfanelo?
Umntwana ngamnye unelungelo lokuphila.
Oku kuthetha ukuba oorhulumente kufuneka benze ngako konke abanako ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ngamnye uyaphila kwaye akhule (akhule esempilweni kwaye omelele).
Abantwana abazalelwe kwiindawo ezihlupheka kakhulu apho kukho khona izigulo ezininzi ezibajikelezileyo, kungekho manzi acocekileyo kwaye kukho uncedo oluncinane lwezonyango basweleka besebancinane. Oku kwenza kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uncedo lunikwe oomama kunye neentsana zabo kweli bakala lobomi babo. Ingaba ungacinga ngezinye zezinto ezinokwenza ukuba ubomi bube ngcono koomama kunye neentsana kwaye zinike iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinane isiqalo esisempilweni ebomini?
Ukuzalwa kwabo bonke abantwana kufuneka kubhaliswe ngoko nangoko emva kokuba bezelwe. Abantwana banelungelo lokuba negama kunye nelungelo lokuba babe ngabamazwe (njengoMzantsi Afrika). Urhulumente ngamnye kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba oku kuyenzeka.
Kangangoko kunokwenzeka, abanatwana kufuneka babe nelungelo lokukhathalelwa ngabazali babo kwaye bazi ukuba ngoobani abazali babo.
Oorhulumente bayavuma ukuhlonipha ilungelo labantwana lokugcina kokuba ngubani kwabo.
Ukuba negama kunye nobuzwe (ukuba ngummi welizwe) kuthiwa kukwaziwa ukuba ungubani. Enye yezinto zokuqala ukuyifunda ebomini bakho kukuba ngubani igama lakho. Into elandelayo oyifundayo kukuba ongowoluphi na usapho kunye nokuba mingaphi iminyaka yakho. Xa ukuzalwa kwakho kubhaliswa unikwa igama lokuqala kunye negama losapho kunye nomhla wokuzalwa kwakho. Ubuzwe bakho nabo bubhalwa phantsi. Oku kuxela ukuba ungubani.
Abantwana banelungelo lokuba bangohlukaniswa nabazali okanye usapho lwabo bengafuni. Ngamanye amaxesha, nakuba, iinkundla zinokwenza isigqibo sokuba ukwahlukaniswa kokona kungcono emntwaneni. Mhlawumbi abazali bebemonzakalisa umntwana okanye bengamkhathaleli ngokufanelekileyo umntwana. Okanye mhlawumbi abazali bebengahlali kunye nokuba inkundla mayenze isigqibo sokuba ngowuphi umzali omakahlale nomntwana.
Phambi kokuba inkundla yenze isigqibo, wonke umntu kufuneka abe nako ukutsho ukuba uziva njani na malunga noku.
Oorhulumente kufuneka balihloniphe ilungelo lomntwana owohlukaniswe nomzali omnye okanye nabo bobabini ukuba aqhube ebabona bobabini abazali rhoqo (ngaphandle kokuba oku akulungelanga umntwana).
Kwiimeko ezibuhlungu kakhulu, isizathu soku kohlukaniswa inokuba kukuba urhulumente ubambe, uvalele, use elubhacweni, ugxothe elizweni okanye ubulele umzali okanye bobabini abazali bomntwana. Kwiimeko ezinjalo urhulumente kufuneka anike abazali ulwazi olumalunga nomntwana kunye nomntwana ulwazi olumalunga nabazali ngaphandle kokuba kuyakumenzakalalisa umntwana ukwenza njalo. Ukucela ulwazi makungabangi ngozi kulo naliphi na ilungu losapho.
Zama ukucinga ukuba oku kunokuba njani na. Mhlawumbi ungabhala ibali okanye wenze umdlalo wasegumbini lokufundela omalunga nomntwana abazali bakhe abafakwa entolongweni ngexesha lovukelo mbuso kunye nokuba umntwana waya njani kurhulumente eyokubuza ukuba baphi na . Lo mntwana wayesazi ukuba iMvumelwano ithi unelungelo kolu lwazi. Ingaba walufumana ulwazi Ingaba wabafumana abazali bakhe?
Ukuba ngaba umntwana nabazali bakhe bakumazwe awohlukeneyo kwaye bafuna ukudibana njengosapho, oorhulumente ababini kufuneka benze yonke into abanokuyenza ukuze oku kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngeyona ndlela inesisa.
Umntwana obazali bakhe bahlala kumazwe awohlukeneyo makabe nelungelo lokubabona rhoqo bobabini abazali. Oku kuthetha ukuba oorhulumente bala mazwe kufuneka balihloniphe ilungelo lomntwana kunye nelabazali ukuba omnye atyelele omnye.
Oorhulumente mabenze konke abanako ukukwenza ukuthintela ukuba kuthathwe abantwana elizweni abahlaal kulo ngokungekho mthethweni kwaye bangabuyiswa.
Oku kuthetha ukuba oorhulumente kufuneka bafikelele kwizivumelwano omnye nomnye ukuqinisekisa ukuba, ukuba abantwana bathathwa ngale ndlela , bayakubuyiswa msinyane.
Into elolu hlobo inokwenzeka xa umzali efuna umntwana ahambe naye komnye umzali, nokuba inkundla sele ithe ngeke amthathe. Ifana nokweba umntwana.
Abantwana banelungelo lokuyithetha intoi abayicingayo kwimicimbi abanemvakalelo kuyo. Izimvo zabo mazimanyelwe.
Eli lithuba lakho lokuthetha into oyicingayo. Ingaba ucinga ukuba unako ukwakha uluvo kwimicimbi echaphazela wena Ngamanye amaxesha zizinto ezincinane ezi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zibaluleke kakhulu. Umzekelo, ubuza kuziva njani ukuba ubuza kuhlala nomzali omnye okanye omnye Okanye, ubuza kuziva njani ukuba bekukho umntu omoyikayo obekwenzakalisa ngandlela thile?
Kukwabalulekile ukuqonda ukuba abantu abadala ngamanye amaxesha abazi ukuba abantwana banento ebalulekileyo abafuna ukuyitsho. Ukokuba ngaba abamameli, kusoloko kukho umntu oyakumamela.
Iingcinga kunye neemvakalelo zakho zibalulekile. Kufuneka uthethe ngazo. Ukuba kuyenzeka, yiba neengxoxo egumbini lokufundela okanye nabahlobo bakho ngoku.
Kubalulekile ukuba abantwana banikwe ithuba lokuba baviwe enkundleni okanye kuyo nayiphi na indawo apho ikamva labo lixoxwa khona. Ngokuxhomekeke kumthetho welizwe elibandakanyekayo, abantwana kufuneka bavunyelwe bathethe okanye omnye umntu kufuneka athethele umntwana.
Abantwana banelungelo lenkululeko yokuvakalisa izimvo zabo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantwana mabavunyelwe bathethe into abayicingayo okanye beve okanye bafunde into ecingwa ngabanye abantu. Oku kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: ngokumamela nokuthetha; ngokubhala nokufunda; ngokuzoba nangokupeyinta; okanye ngenye indlela umntwana ayikhethayo.
Kunokubakho imithetho ethile enyina eli lungelo. Eminye yale mithetho inokukhusela amalungelo abanye abantu okanye igcine uxolo.
Ingaba uyakholwa ukuba izinto ozithethayo zingabonzakalisa abanye abantu Ukuba kunjalo, njani Ingaba ungakhumbula naziphi na izinto abantwana amabangavunyelwa ukuba bazifunde okanye bazibone Ungacinga ngomzekelo?
Abantwana banelungelo lokucinga kwaye bakholelwe yinto abayithandayo. Bakwanalo nelungelo lokukhetha inkolo yabo.
Kodwa, kwangaxesha nye, abazali banelungelo nomsebenzi wokukhokela abantwana ngexa bekhula.
Kuba unelungelo lokukholelwa yinto oyithandayo, nakwabanye abantu kukwanjalo. Oku kutehtha ukuba kufuneka ukuhloniphe ukuba sineenkolo neenkolelo ezahlukeneyo.
Abanye abantu banokukhetha ukungakholelwa kuyo nayiphi na inkolo. Kufuneka sonke sifunde ukuhloniphana kunye nento esikholelwa kuyo.
Ukuba ngaba ucinga ngayo, yintlonipho yethu omnye komnye kunye nokuba simphatha njani na omnye umntu. Okubalulekileyo.
Ziinkolo ezingaphi onokucinga ngazo Ingaba kukho abantu obaziyo abangakholelwa kuye nawuphi na uthixo Ingaba ukuba lilungu lenye inkolo kwenza abantu ukuba babe babi okanye bohluke nje Izinto ezininzi ezinosathana emhlabeni zenzeka kuba abantu belibala ukuba sonke singoobhuti noosisi kusapho olukhulu lwabantu. Njengabantwana, singakhula silitshintshe eli lizwe?
Abantwana banelungelo kwinkululeko yonxulumano kunye nenkululeko yokuhlangana ngoxolo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantwana banelungelo lokubakhetha abahlobo babo kwaye baye nakweyiphi na intlanganiso, umngcelele okanye uqhankqalazo, ukuba ngaba lunoxolo.
Idemokhrasi ithetha ukuba abantu banelungelo lokukhalaza malunga nezinto esidlangalaleni (uqhankqalazo), ukuba ngaba bakwenza oko ngoxolo. Oorhulumente kufuneka bakuvumele ukuba kwenzeke oku.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, oorhulumente abangenayo idemokhrasi bayaluthintela uqhankqalazo olunoxolo. Abo benu babukela umabonakude banokuba bakubonile oku kusenzeka. Ukuba ngaba ubuza abazali bakho, bayakukuxela oko bekusenzeka eMzantsi Afrika.
Koko, ukuba ngaba ugqiba ekubeni uhambe uyokophula ifestile yevenkile okanye ugibisele ipolisa ngesitena okanye ubulale umntu, awuqhankqalazi ngoxolo kodwa uphazamisa amalungelo omnye umntu. Ukuba ngaba wenza oku, oorhulumente banelungelo kunye nomsebenzi wokuluthintela uqhankqalazo olu lolu hlobo.
Njengaye nawuphi na omnye umntu, abantwana banelungelo lobomi obubobabo. Akukho mntu unokukhangela ikhaya, iimpahla okanye afunde iileta zaye nawuphi na umntwana ngaphandle kwesizathu esivakalayo, abantwana banelungelo lokuhlonitshwa.
Oorhulumente bayavuma ukuba umabonakude, unomathotholo, abashicileli beencwadi kunye nabanye kufuneka bavelise iinkqubo kunye neencwadi eziyakunceda kwaye zifundise abantwana kwilizwe xa lilonke.
Oorhulumente kufuneka benze yonke into abanokuyenza ukwenzela ukuba abantu baqonde ukuba bobabini abazali imfanelo yabo iyalingana ekukhuliseni nasekuphuhliseni abantwana.
Abantu abanemfanelo enkulu ekuphuhliseni kunye nasekukhuliseni abantwana ngabazali babo okanye abo babakhathalelayo.
Ingaba uyavuma ukuba bobabini abazali imfanelo yabo iyalingana ekukhuliseni abantwana babo Oku kwenzeka kaninzi kangakanani Ingaba umzali omnye kufuneka ashiywe nawo wonke umsebenzi ngexa omnye engenzi nto Ingaba kufanelekile oko Ingaba uyayivuma eyokuba ukuba abazali bazisa abantwana emhlabeni, kufuneka bathathe uxanduva lwabo bantwana?
Oorhulumente kufuneka bancede abazali kunye nabakhathaleli ukuba bakhathalele abantwana ngeyona ndlela igqwesileyo.
Oorhulumente kufuneka baqinisekise kwakhona ukuba kukho amaziko, izibonelelo kunye neenkonzo ezifanelekileyo zokukhathalela abo bantwana bafuna uncedo olungaphaya.
Oorhulumente kufuneka benze yonke into abanako ukuyenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana babazali abasebenzayo bayaxhamla kwiinkonzo nakwizibonelelo zokhathalelo lwabantwana abafanelekileyo ukuba bazifumane.
Ucinga ukuba oorhulumente kufuneka benzeni ukunceda abantwana?
IMvumelwano icebisa ukuba abanye abazali kunye nabantu abakhathalela abantwana bafuna uncedo kwaye abantwana babazali abasebenzayo nabo kufuneka baxhamle.
Kukwakho nabanye abantwana abafuna ezinye iintlobo zoncedo. Oorhulumente kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba kukho abantu abalungileyo kunye neendawo zabantwana abangenawo amakhaya kunye neentsapho zokubakhathalela. Zindawo ezinjani kunye nabantu abanjani enicinga ukuba kufuneka ibe ngabo?
Urhulumente kufuneka enze yonke into anokuyenza ukukhusela abantwana kubazali kunye nabanye abantu ekubeni babonzakalise. Urhulumente kufuneka ukuba azame ukukhusela abantwana kuzo zonke iintlobo zobundlobongela basemzimbeni nobasengqondweni, ukwenzakala kunye nokuphathwa gadalala (kuqukwa nodlakathiso ngokwesondo), ukuphathwa kakubi okanye ukonakaliswa.
Oku kuthetha ukuwiswa kwemithetho kunye nokwenziwa kwamacebo okuthintela oku ukuba kwenzeke.
Ngamanye amaxesha kukho izizathu zokuba kutheni abantwana bengasenako ukuhlala neentsapho zabo. Oku kunokuba kokwexesha elifutshane okanye ibe ngumphelo. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kokona kungocno emntwaneni.
Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, urhulumente kufuneka athathe amacebo akhethekileyo okukhathalela umntwana.
Izinto ezahlukeneyo zinokwenziwa. Abantwana banokubekwa kukhathalelo logcino kwikhaya lomnye umzali, athathwe ngomnye umzali amenze owakhe umntwana okanye abekwe kwikhaya kunye nabanye abantwana.
Nokuba kokuphi na okwenziwayo, kubalulekile ukuba iimfuno zomntwana kunye nemvelaphi kunye nolonwabo zithathelwe ingqalelo.
Oorhulumente mabaqiniseke ukuba ukuthathwa kwabantwana ngabantu ababenze ababo kwenzeka ngeyona ndlela ingcono esemdleni womntwana. Kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba abantu abanemfanelo ngabo abakuphetheyo oku. Kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba abantu abalungileyo nabanobubele bayakhethwa ukuba umntwana bamenze owabo. Kwaye kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba umzali okanye abazali abanikezela ngomntwana ukuba aye kwabanye abazali bamenze owabo ngokusemthethweni baqinisekile ukuba bayafuna ukukwenza oko.
Oorhulumente kufuneka baqonde kwakhona ukuba, ukuba ngaba umntwana akanakuthathwa ngabanye abazali bamenze owabo okanye baye kukhathalelo kwelinye ikhaya okanye bakhathalelwe kwilizwe labo, umntwana unokuthathwa ngabanye abazali bamenze owabo kwelinye ilizwe.
Oorhulumente kufuneka baqinisekise kwakhona ukuba abantu abathathi imali koku kuthathwa ngokusemthethweni kwaba bantwana ngabanye abazali. Ukuthintela oku ukuba kwenzeke, kufuneka benze izivumelwano nabanye oorhulumente ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukunika umntwana abanye abazali ngokusemthethweni phakathi kwamazwe kwenziwa ngononophelo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantwana baye kumakhaya anothando kwaye bahoywe ngokufanelekileyo.
Abantu abaninzi bayavuma ukuba abantwana mabangathengwa okanye bathengiswe. Ngaphaya koko, ngabantu, hayi iibhayisekile okanye oonodoli. Akwenzeki kodwa ukuba abantu bahlawule imali beyihlawulela abantwana.
Ucinga ukuba makwenziwe ntoni malunga noku?
Oorhulumente kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba abantwana abaziimbacu bakhuselwe kwaye bayancedwa.
Oku kubhekiselele kubo bonke abantwana abaziimbacu ababodwa kunye nabantwana abaziimbacu abanabazali babo okanye abanye abantu ababakhathalelayo.
Imbacu ngumntu oshiye ikhaya lakhe, kaninzi iba kukuba unyanzelwe ukuba ahambe ngenxa yemfazwe, kwaye uzama ukufumana imvume yokuba ahlale kwelinye ilizwe.
Iimbacu sube zilahlekelwe yiyo yonke into ezazinayo kwaye zohlukanisiwe kwamanye amalungu eentsapho zawo. Ezininzi zazo ngabantwana.
IZizwe eziManyeneyo zinenkqubo esebenza ngeembacu kwilizwe xa lilonke. Oorhulumente kufuneka basebenzisane neZizwe eziManyeneyo okanye eminye imibutho esebenza neZizwe eziManyeneyo ukukhusela kunye nokunceda abantwana abaziimbacu ababodwa.
Ukuba ngaba iintsapho okanye amanye amalungu osapho awafunyanwa, umntwana kufuneka aphathwe ngqo ngendlela efanayo enjengeyakhe nawuphi na umntwana ongasenako ukuhlala nosapho lwakhe (Jonga kwiNqaku lama-20 kwakhona ubone ukuba kuthetha ntoni oku).
Zama ukucinga ngokuba inokuba kunjani ukuba ngumntwana oyimbacu, ube wedwa kwilizwe elingaqhelekanga. Mhlawumbi awukwazi nokuthetha ulwimi olufanayo nolwalapho. Mhlawumbi kukho imfazwe embi kakhulu elizweni lakho kwaye awukwazi ukubuyela okwangoku. Uyakufuna lonke uncedo onokulufumana. Kukho abantwana abaninzi abanale ngxaki. Nokuba awunakukwazi ukubanceda, kulungile ukucinga ngabo ngamanye amaxesha kwaye uqonde ukuba ubomi bunzima kangakanani na kwamanye amalungu osapho lwethu lwabantu.
Abantwana aabkhubazeke ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni banelungelo lokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo nobuphucukileyo. Abantwana abanjalo kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuhlala ngesidima nangeqhayiya. Kufuneka banikwe yonke into abayifunayo ukwenzela ukuba bazincede kwaye bazimanye ngokusebenzayo nobomi boluntu.
Cinga ngoku umzuzwana. Ungahlali kanjani ngesidima ukuba ngaba awukwazi ukujikeleza kuba ungakwazi ukuhamba kwaye akukho mntu ukunike isitulo esinamavili esihambayo Ungazinceda njani ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuya esikolweni kwaye awuyiboni into ebhalwe encwadini Ungaba yinxenye yobomi njani kuluntu ukuba wonke umntu uyahamba kwaye akushiye kuba ungeke uzimanye noko bakwenzayo?
Abantwana abakhubazekileyo banelungelo lokhathalelo olukhethekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba urhulumente makanike nokuba loluphi na uncedo anokuba nalo kumntwana okhubazekileyo. Ukuba luncedo olungakanani olunikwayo luxhomekeka ekubeni yintoni efunwa ngumntwana nabazali okanye nokuba ngubani na okhathalela umntwana.
Ngamanye amagama, abantwana abangakwaziyo ukuhamba banokufuna uncedo lwesitulo esinamavili esihambayo okanye olunye uhlobo loncedo. Abantwana abangaboniyo banokufuna iincwadi ezikhethekileyo zoMbhalo wamaQhuqhuva (Braille) njalo njalo. Umzekelo sizakuyishicilela ngoMbhalo wamaQhuqhuva le ncwadi ukwenzela ukuba abantwana abangaboniyo bakwazi nabo ukuyifunda.
Apho kwenzekayo, olu ncedo kufuneka lunikwe ngaphandle kwentlawulo, ngokuxhomekeke kwabanako ukufikelelela kuko abantu abakhathalela umntwana.
Urhulumente kufuneka azame ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abakhubazekileyo bafumana imfundo, uqeqesho, ukhathalelo lwempilo, ululeko (ukwakha amandla abo kunye nokuchacha kangangoko kunokwenzeka), ulungiselelo lomsebenzi kunye namathuba okusebenza. Abantwana abakhubazekileyo kufuneka banikwe lonke ithuba lokuba bakhule njangabantu ababodwa kunye namalungu oluntu.
Mhlawumbi ungumntwana okhubazekileyo. Mhlawumbi wazi umntwana okhubazekileyo. Mhlawumbi awumazi. Nokuba ungubani na, zama ukucinga kwaye uthethe ngezi zinto.
Ukukhubazeka ayiyongxaki abantu abakhubazekileyo mabajongane nayo. Ngumceli mngeni sonke ekufuneka sijongane nawo. Ngaphaya koko, sonke singamalungu osapho lwabantu, akunjalo?
Kwakhona, kukho ulwazi oluninzi kwilizwe lonke. Amazwe kufuneka abelane ngolu lwazi. Ngale ndlela singafunda ukukhathalelana kwaye sakhe ilizwe elingcono losapho lwethu lwabantu.
Abantwana banelungelo leyona mpilo ingcono.
Bakwanalo nelungelo lokunyangwa kwaye benziwe ngcono xa begula.
Oorhulumente kufuneka bazame baqinisekise ukuba abantwana abalivinjwa ilungelo labo lokhathalelo lwempilo. Mabasebenzele ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abantwana banalo eli lungelo.
Oorhulumente mabathintele iintsana kunye nabantwana ekubeni basweleke.
Oorhulumente mabazame ukugcina abantwana besempilweni kwaye bephilile ngokunika ukhathalelo lwempilo, ukulwa izifo nokungondleki (ukungatyi kakuhle) kunye nokunika ukutya okunempilo kunye namanzi okusela acocekileyo.
Oorhulumente kufuneka bafundise wonke umntu ngempilo yomntwana kunye nokutya ngempilo, ukucoceka, ezococeko kunye nokuthintela iingozi. Kubalulekile ukuba abazali nabantwana bazi ngezi zinto.
Oorhulumente mabafundise abantu ngokuba bangakuthintela njani na ukuba bagule kunye nokubonisa abantu ukuba bayeke ukuba nabantwana abaninzi kunabo babafunayo okanye kunabo banokukwazi ukubajonga.
Oorhulumente kufuneka kwakhona kubekho into abayenzayo ukususa izenzo zemveli ezonakalisa impilo yabantwana.
Oorhulumente kufuneka basebenze nabanye oorhulumente elizweni ukuzisa la malungelo abalulekileyo. Ugqaliselo olukhethekileyo kufuneka lunikwe iimfuno zamazwe asaphuhlayo.
Ingaba ungacinga ngeendlela uMzantsi Afrika ozama ukwenza ngawo ezi zinto?
Oorhulumente kufuneka bakhangele izimo zabantwana ababekwe kumakhaya abazali ababakhathalelayo okanye kolunye ukhathalelo ixesha nexesha.
Abantwana banelungelo lokufumana amalungelo enkxaso yentlalo-ntle (inkxaso yemali). Oorhulumente mabenze yonke into abanokuyenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba bawafumana ngoko nangoko la malungelo.
Abantwana banelungelo lophila okusemgangathweni okwenza ukuba babenako ukuphuhlisa iingqondo kunye nemizimba yabo.
Abona bantu babalulekileyo abanokunika lo mgangatho wokuphila ngabazali okanye abo bakhathalela abantwana.
Uxhomekeke kakuhle kanjani umsebenzi abaya kuwenza kulowo banokufikelela kuwo kunye nokuba bayakuba nako njani ukukhathalela abantwana.
Kangangoko kunokwenzeka, oorhulumente kufuneka bancede abazali kunye nabanye abakhathaleli ukuba babe nako ukulungiselela uphuhliso lomntwana. Apho kukho khona imfuneko, oorhulumente kufuneka banike uncedo nenkxaso, ingakumbi apho kukho khona imfuno yokutya, impahla nendawo yokuhlala.
Abanye abazali banemali ukodlula abanye. Kodwa abantwana kufuneka bangahlupheki ngenxa yoku. Abantwana abaziceleli ukuba bazalelwe kwiintsapho ezihluphekayo. Banelungelo kwithuba elifanayo nelawo wonke omnye umntu.
Yiloo nto iMvumelwano isithi oorhulumente kufuneka bancede iintsapho, ingakumbi iintsapho ezihlupheka kakhulu ukuba zithenge ukutya, iimpahla kunye namakhaya abantwana babo.
Oorhulumente kufuneka kwakhona benze yonke into abanako ukuyenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba abazali eyiyimfanelo yabo ukuhlawula inkxaso yabantwana babo bakwenze oko.
Kubuhlungu kakhulu kuba abanye abazali bayala ukondla abantwana babo. Oku kusoloko kushiya umzali omnye nomthwalo wokukhathalelal umntwana kwaye asebenzele ukondla umntwana ngokunjalo. Oorhulumente kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba bobabini abazali yimfanelo yabo eyabantwana babo. Le yinto abantwana ekufuneka bacinge kwaye bathethe ngayo. Ngenye imini, niya kuba ngabantu abadala kwaye kuyakubakhona enikukhethayo malunga nobomi benu. Ukuba ngaba wenza isigqibo sokuba nomntwana, loo mntwana uya kuba luxanduva lwakho iminyaka eli-18. Inokuba lukhetho olubaluleke kakhulu oyakube ulwenzile.
Umntwana ngamnye unelungelo kwimfundo. Oorhulumente kufuneka basebenzele ekuqinisekiseni ukuba abantwana banalo eli lungelo.
Oorhulumente kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba yonke imfundo yamabanga aphantsi ayihlawulelwa kwaye bonke abantwana baya esikolweni.
Oorhulumente mabenze oko banako ukukwenza ukwenza ukuba imfundo yamaziko aphezulu ifumaneka iyunivesiti okanye itekhnikhoni.
Oorhulumente mabanike bonke abantwana ulwazi kunye nesikhokelo (icebo) malunga nemfundo kunye nemimandla enokulandelwa (imisebenzi).
Oorhulumente kufuneka bakhuthaze abantwana ukuba baye ezikolweni rhoqo kwaye babacenge ukuba bangayeki kwangoko ukuya esikolweni.
Oorhulumente kufuneka benze kangangoko banokwenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abohlwaywa ngendlela eyonakalisa isidima sabo sobuntu (ukwenza ukuba bazive kakubi ngeziqu zabo).
UmThetho weziKolo woMzantsi Afrika ngumthetho othi makwenzeke ntoni na ezikolweni zethu. Lo mthetho awuvumeli ukuba abantwana babethwe ezikolweni. Oku kwenziwa kukuba ukubetha kubonwa njengesohlwayo esikhohlakeleyo esingenabuntu esonakalisa isidima sobuntu sabantwana. Ingaba uyavumelana noku Ucinga ukuba abantwana kufuneka bohlwaywe njani ukuba abaziphathanga kakuhle?
Oorhulumente kufuneka bakhuthaze intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kwimfundo. Kubalulekile ukuba ilizwe lisebenze kunye ukunceda wonke umntu ukuba afunde ukufunda kwaye afunde ngezinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe kunye neendlela zangoku zokufundisa.
Oorhulumente bayavuma ukuba abantwana kufuneka bafunde ngezi zinto zilandelayo.
Imfundo kufuneka yenze okona kungcono kobuqu babantwana, iitalente kunye nokuba nako ngokwengqondo kunye nangokomzimba.
Oku kuthetha ukuba, ngelungelo lokufunda, ungenza okona kungcono ngesiqu sakho kwaye usebenzise zonke iitalente zakho kunye nezinto onako ukuzenza ngokupheleleyo. Njengedayimani erhabaxa eyembiwa emhlabeni, unokupolishwa uze ube lilitye elinqabileyo elibengezelayo nelinexabiso. Cinga ngokuba ungubani kunye nokuba ugqwesa phi kunye nokuba ingakunceda njani imfundo yakho ukuba usebenzise ezi talente ngokugcweleyo.
Imfundo kufuneka iphuhlise intlonipho yabantwana kumalungelo oluntu kunye neenkululeko kunye nento iZizwe eziManyeneyo eziyikholelwayo.
Imfundo inceda wena ukuba ufunde ukuhlonipha usapho loluntu esingebantu balo. Imithetho yolo sapho kukuba onke amazwe kunye nabantu kufuneka bahlale ngokobuhlobo, ngoxolo nangokuqondana.
Imfundo kwakhona kufuneka iphuhlise intlonipho yabantwana kubazali babo, ukwaziwa kwenkcubeko, ulwimi kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni, kwiinqobo zesizwe ezisemgangathweni zelizwe umntwana ahlala kulo kunye nelizwe umntwana asuka kulo. Kufuneka kwakhona iphuhlise intloniphjo yomntwana kubantu abohlukileyo kwaye abavela kwiinkcubeko kunye nezizwe ezahlukileyo.
Ngoko ke ngexa imfundo ikunceda ukuba uhloniphe usapho lwakho , inkcubeko nelizwe, ikwakunceda ukuba uhloniphe ezinye iinkcubeko nezizwe. Oku kokona kubalulekileyo ukuba ngaba siya kuba ngamalungu osapho lwabantu.
Imfundo kufuneka ibalungise abantwana ukuba baphile ngokuthembekileyo kuluntu olukhululekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka sibe nokuqonda, kufuneka sibe noxolo kwaye kufuneka sibe nonyamezelo. Kuthetha ukuba kufuneka sisebenzele ukulingana phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini kunye namakhwenkwe namantombazana. Ikwathetha ukuba kufuneka sisebenzele ubuhlobo phakathi kwabo bonke abantu.
Imfundo kufuneka iphuhlise intlonipho yabantwana kwilizwe abahlala kulo -kokusingqongileyo kwendalo.
Ngoko ke, njengoko ubona, imfundo ingaphezulu kunokuhlala nje kwigumbi lokufundela okanye ukwenza umsebenzi wasekhaya okanye ukubhala iimviwo.
Imfundo ithetha ukuba ngumntu opheleleyo. Yiba nengxoxo malunga noku kwigumbi lokufundela okanye nabahlobo bakho.
Kumazwe amaninzi, kukho amaqela abantu angathethi lwimi lufanayo okanye abangaweli phantsi kweqela lohlanga olufanayo okanye bathethe ulwimi olufanayo nolweqela elingundoqo.
Abantwana abawela phantsi kwala maqela mancinane (igcuntswana) kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuba bonwabele inkcubeko yabo, benze inkolo yabo kwaye bathethe ulwimi lwabo.
Abantwana banelungelo lokuphumla kwaye baziphumze kunye nokudlala ngeendlela ezifanele iminyaka yabo. Abantwana bakwanelungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba ngokukhululekileyo kubomi benkcubeko kunye nobobugcisa.
Oorhulumente kufuneka balihloniphe kwaye balikhuthaze ilungelo lomntwana lokuthabatha inxaxheba kubomi benkcubeko nobobugcisa kwaye baqinisekise ukuba kukho amathuba afanelekileyo nalinganayo enkcubeko, ubugcisa, ukudlala nokuphumla.
Ngawaphi amathuba akhoyo okudlala nokuphumla kummandla wakho, kuluntu okanye esikolweni Zingaphuculwa njani ezi zinto?
Ungathanda ukwenza ntoni ongenakuyenza okwangoku Imidlalo UbuGcisa uMdlalo weQonga iziBongo uMculo Mhlawumbi abanye babazali okanye abafundisi-ntsapho esikolweni sakho banokukuncedisa ukuba uqale into entsha?
Sebenzisa amandla ezimvo zakho!
Abantwana banelungelo lokukhuselwa ekubeni banyanzelwe ukuba basebenzele ukwenzela imali abanye. Abantwana bakwanalo ilungelo lokukhuselwa ekwenzeni umsebenzi oyingozi okanye oya kubathintela ukuba baye esikolweni okanye oyakwenzakalisa impilo yabo okanye ukukhula kwabo.
Oorhulumente mabenze yonke into abanako ukuyenza ukuqinisekusa ukuba eli lingelo likhuselwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba mabamisele iminyaka ngaphantsi kwayo abantwana abangavunyelwayo ukuba basebenze. Mabenze imithetho emalunga nokuba ziiyure ezingaphi kwaye ziimeko ezinjani abantwana abanokusebenza phantsi kwazo. Mababohlwaye abo bophula le mithetho.
Yinto embi kakhulu eyokuba abantwana kwilizwe lonke benyanzelwa ukuba basebenzele ukuphila. Ezinye iinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu zenza imali eninzi ngokuthengisa iimveliso ezenziwe ngabantwana. Abanye abazali bahlupheke kakhulu kwaye baye bazive bengenayo enye indlela. Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ngoorhulumente ukuzama ukunqanda oku ekubeni kwenzeke?
Oorhulumente kufuneka benze yonke into abanokuyenza ukukhusela abantwana ekuthatheni iziyobisi eziyingozi. Kwakhona kufuneka bakhusele abantwana abasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa kunye nokuhambisa ezi ziyobisi.
Siyazi sonke ukuba iziyobisi ziyingozi kakhulu. Kwezinye iinxenye zelizwe, bayasetyenziswa ukuba bancedise okanye bangenise iziyobisi. Oku kubeka abantwana engozini kwaye kubatsHintsha kubenze abophuli-mthetho besebancinane. Ingaba ucinga ukuba iziyobisi ziyingxaki kwilizwe lethu?
Oorhulumente kufuneka bakhusele abantwana kuzo zonke iintlobo zokonakaliswa ngokwesondo kunye nodlakathiso ngokwesondo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba oorhulumente basebenze kunye ukuthintela ukuba abantwana bahlawulwe okanye banyanzelwe ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yesondo engekho mthethweni okanye bonakaliswe njengabathengisi bemizimba okanye eminye imisebenzi engekho mthethweni yesondo, okanye ukwenza ibhayaskopu zabantu abahamba ngaze (pornographic) kunye nezinye izinto.
Udlakathiso ngokwesondo yinto embi kakhulu. Into yokuqala abantwana ekufuneka bayazi malunga nodlakathiso ngokwesondo kukuba ayiso siphosiso sabo ukuba luyenzeka.
Yinto ebinokwenzeka. Umntu angakuphatha endaweni ongafuniyo ukuba akuphathe kuye. Umntu unokukucela ukuba umphathe. Umntu unokukubonisa iifoto zabantu bephathana ngale ndlela.
Umntu owenza le nto inokuba ngumntu omazi kakuhle. Inokuba ngumama wakho, utata wakho, umalume wakho okanye ummelwane wakho. Unokuba mdala kuwe kwaye abe nobubele kuwe.
Nokuba ngubani na, into ayenzayo ayilunganga. Kuba ayilunganga, bayakukucela ukuba uyigcine iyimfihlo. Bayakuzama ukukoyikisa okanye bakusongele. Fumana umntu onokumxelela. Ungayigcini iyimfihlo. Ukuba ngaba wenza oko, soze bayeke.
Kwaye soloko ukhumbula! Ayisosiphosiso sakho.
Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana bahlupheka kakhulu kwaye balambe kwaye banokucengwa ukuba benze izinto abangaziqondiyo kutshintshiswa ngemali okanye ngokutya. Ngamanye amaxesha bayatshixelwa babethwe benyanzelwa ukuba benze ezi zinto bengafuni.
Ezinye zezi zinto zibandakanya ukwabelana ngesondo nabantu abadala okanye ukudlala kwiibhanyabhanya okanye imidlalo okanye iifoto ezibonisa izinto ezinjalo.
Bonke aba bantwana bakhathazekile kwaye bayoyika kwaye bafuna uncedo.
Bonke abantwana kufuneka bazi ngezi zinto ukwenzela ukuba balumke bangathethi nabantu abangabaziyo kwaye baze ukuba KULUNGILE ukuthi HAYI ukuba ngaba umntu ufuna ukubaphatha.
Oorhulumente kufuneka basebenze kunye ngazo zonke iindlela abanokuba nako ngazo ukukhusela abantwana ekubeni baxhilwe (ukwebiwa), bathengwe kwaye bathengiswe (kurhwetywe) ngaso nasiphi na isizathu okanye nayiphi na indlela.
Sibonile ukuba ngamanye amaxesha abantwana basetyenziswa ngabantu ababi kakhulu. Ngesi sizathu, ngamanye amaxesha bayebiwa okanye bathengwe okanye bathengiswe njengamakhoboka. Oorhulumente kufuneka basebenze kunye ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuba oku kuyathintelwa. Cinga ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo abantu abanokuthatha ngazo abantwana bahambe nabo elizweni kunye nokuba kungathintelwa njani na oku. Esi sisihloko esichanekileyo somdlalo kwigumbi lokufundela. Cinga ngokuba uligosa lomda kwaye itraki enkulu iyavela. Uva umntwana ekhala ngaphakathi...
Oorhulumente mabakhusele abantwana kuzo zonke iintlobo zokusetyenziselwa inzuzo yabanye abantu enokubonzakalisa okanye ibonakalise.
Ukusetyenziselwa inzuzo yomnye umntu kuxa abantu besebenzisa abantwana okanye abanye ukuze kuxhamle bona. Umzekelo, benza ukuba basebenzele imali encinane. Cinga ngeendlela ezinininzi abantu abasetyenziselwa inzuzo yabanye kobu bomi. Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana basetyenziselwa inzuzo yabanye abantu kuba bebancinane kakhulu ukuba bazikhusele.
Abantwana abasenkathazweni emthethweni banelungelo lokhuselo olukhethekileyo.
Kukho izizathu ezininiz ezenza ukuba oku kubenje. Ngokucacileyo abantwana abancinane kufuneka baphathwe ngokwahlukileyo kubantwana abadala kwaye abantwana abophula umthetho okokuqala kufuneka banikwe ithuba lokubuyisela ubomi babo kwindlela echanekileyo.
Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana abalahliweyo okanye abebephethwe gadalala baneengxaki ezikhethekileyo ekufuneka kusetyenzwe ngazo.
Intolongo ayiyo ndawo ilungileyo yabantwana. Ibafundisa ukuba babe ngabophuli-mthetho kwaye bazibandakanye namaqela emigewu.
Kwakhona kunzima ebantwaneni ukuba bohlukaniswe neentsapho zabo.
Abantwana abasenkathazweni nomthetho banamalungelo akhethekileyo.
Akukho mntwana makangcungcuthekiswe okanye aphathwe kakubi okanye ohlwaywe ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo, engenabuntu okanye ethoba isidima.
Akukho mntu ungaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 owenza ulwaphulo-mthetho makanikwe isigwebo sentambo okanye ubomi entolongweni kungabikho ndlela yokuba angakhululwa.
Isigwebo sentambo sithetha ukuba ubulawelwa ulwaphulo-mthetho olubi olufana nokubulala.
Akukho mntwana makavalelwe okanye afakwe entolongweni ngokungekho mthethweni okanye ngaphandle kwesizathu esivakalayo.
Umntwana kufuneka abanjwe, avalelwe okanye afakwe entolongweni kuphela ukuba ngaba asikho esinye isisombululo esinokuba khona kwaye kufuneka bagcinwe elona xesha lifutshane.
Nawuphina umntwana ovalelweyo okanye ovalelwe entolongweni kufuneka aphathwe ngobuntu nentlonipho kunye nesidima.
Umntwana makaphathwe ngendlela ekucingelwa ukuba ilungile kwiimfuno zeminyaka yakhe.
Kubalulekile ukuba umntwana angadityaniswa nabantu abadala (ngaphandle kokuba ngesizathu esithile akumlungelanga umntwana oko).
Umntwana unelungelo lokutyelelwa kunye neeleta ezivela kusapho lwakho, ngaphandle kokuba kukho isizathu sokuba oku ngeke kube yinto entle.
Nawuphi na umntwana ovalelweyo okanye ofakwe entolongweni makanikwe uncedo olukhawulezileyo lomthetho okanye olunye uncedo. Kufuneka naye abe nalo ilungelo lokuya enkundlelni ayokubuza ukuba ingaba ukuvalelwa kwakhe okanye ukubanjwa kwakhe kufanelekile na kwaye unelungelo lempendulo ekhawulezileyo kumbuzo wakhe.
Yintoni ocinga ukuba inokukhokelela umntwana ukuba enze ulwaphulo-mthetho Ingaba wake wenza ulwaphulo-mthetho Ucinga ukuba ubomi basentolongweni bungenza ntoni kumntu osemncinane Yintoni engenziwa ukunceda abantu abancinane bangayi kulwaphulo-mthetho kwaye baphile ubomi obulungileyo?
Kukho imithetho emininzi yamazwe ngamazwe malunga nabantwana abahlala kwiindawo ekukho kuzo iimfazwe kunye nokulwa ngezixhobo. Oorhulumente bayavuma ukuhlonipha le mithetho kunye nokuzama ukuqinisekisa ukuba abanye bayayihlonipha.
Enye yezinto oorhulumente ekufuneka bayenze kukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15 abalwi ezimfazweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba abayi kuvumela nabaphi na abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuba bazimanye nemikhosi.
Ukuba ngaba ubukela umabonakude, inokuba uwabonile amajoni angabantwana kwezinye iinxenye zelizwe. Aba bantwana balahlekelwe bubuntwana babo. Abayi ezikolweni. Abadlali. Bohlulwe kwiintsapho zabo. Imikhosi ebabizileyo ukuba bazimanye ayiyihoyi iMvumelwano kunye nayo yonke imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe.
Xa ubiza abantwana ukuba bazimanaye abaphakathi kweminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu kunye neshumi elinesibhozo, oorhulumente mabazame babize abantwana abadala (abo bakufutshane kwiminyaka eli-18) phambi kokuab babize abancinane (abo bakufutshane neminyaka eli-15).
Oorhulumente mabenze yonke into abanokuyenza ukukhusela kunye nokukhathalela abantwana apho kukho khona iimfazwe kunye nokulwa ngezixhobo.
Ingaba uyakucinga ukuhlala kwindawo ekuliwa kuyo Abanye babazali benu inokuba bake bahlala kwiintlobo zezimo ezinjalo ngaphambile. Abanye benu banokuzikhumbula ukusukela kwixesha enanibancinane kakhulu ngalo. Jonga ukuba ungafumana umntu ongakhumbula isimo esifana nesi ngeminyaka yoo-1980 okanye ekuqaleni ko-1990 kwaye ubacele ukuba bakuxelele ukuba kwakunjani na. Kubantwana, ezi ntlobo zezimo ziyoyikisa kuba abazi ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni?
Oorhulumente kufuneka benze yonke into abankoyenza ukunceda amaxhoba angabantwana abachachayo ekonzakalisweni. Ngamanye amaxesha yimizimba yabo eyonzakalisiweyo ngamanye amaxesha ziingqondo zabo. Kufuneka bancedwe kwakhona ukuba bazimanye noluntu.
Zininzi iindlela abantwana abonzakaliswa ngazo. Ngamanye amaxesha abahoywa okanye abantu babasebenzisela inzuzo yabo okanye baphathwe gadalala. Ngamanye amaxehsa bayangcungcuthekiswa okanye bohlwaywe ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo (njengezilwanyana). Ngamanye amaxesha bonzakala ezimfazweni okanye xa kusiliwa ngezixhobo.
Abantwana kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuba babe ngcono ngendlela eyakubuyisela esimeni impilo yabo, ukuzihlonipha nesidima.
Cinga umzuzwana ukuba uziva njani na xa wonzakele. Ngamanye amaxesha umzimba wakho uba buhlungu nyhani. Ngamanye amaxesha imvakalelo yakho yonzakaliswa kakubi. Ngamanye amaxesha ukhathazeka nyhani, nyhani. Abanye abantwana baye bakhathazeke okanye babone izinto ezimbi bade banganqweneli nokuthetha. Abanye baba namaphupha amabi. Abanye bade bazonzakalise bonzakalise abanye. Aba bantwana bafuna uncedo olukhulu. Bafuna indawo ethulileyo kunye nabantu abanobubele kunye nexesha elininzi ukwenzela ukuba babe ngcono kwakhona.
Abantwana abasolwa ngokophula umthetho okanye ukwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho banelungelo lokuphathwa ngendlela ebanika imvakalelo yesidima nexabiso.
Indlela abaphathwa ngayo kufuneka ibanced e bawahloniphe amalungelo oluntu kunye nenkululeko yabanye.
Bakwanalo nelungelo lokuphathwa ngendlela efanele iminyaka yabo kwaye ebanceda ukuba beve ukuba bayakuba nako ukuzibandakanya noluntu kwaye kubhekho indima abayidlalayo kuluntu kwixa elizayo.
Kubalulekile ukuba sicinge ngoku. Khawucinge xa usolwa ngokwaphula umthetho. Ingaba kungcono ukuba uphathwe njengomntwana ombi ongeke alunge kuye nakowuphi na umntu Okanye abantu kufuneka bazame ukukubonisa ukuba ungazisombulula njani na izinto kwaye wenze ngcono kwixa elizayo Ukuba ngaba abantwana baphathwa ngentlonipho kwaye banikwa uncedo, abaninzi babo baya kuba nako ukufumana indlela yabo babuyele kuluntu lwethu. Ngalo ndlela singakha uluntu olungcono kunye nabantwana abonwabileyo. Esi sesinye isihloko esilungileyo kumdlalo wasegumbini lokufunda. Cinga ngokuba abantwana ababini kwigumbi lakho lokufundela bophula umthetho. Omnye uphathwa kakuhle, omnye kakubi. Yintoni eyenzekayo kubo?
Kucingwe ngokuba bamsulwa de bafunyaniswe benetyala.
Bancedwe ligqwetha okanye omnye umntu omdala enkundleni.
Ityala labo lixoxwe ngokufanelekileyo enkundleni. Abazali kunye nabagcini abasemthethweni kufuneka nabo babekhona.
Banganyanzelwa ukuba bathethe enkundleni okanye bathi banetyala.
Bavunyelwe bababuze abantu abanika ubungqina ngabo.
Bavunyelwe ukuba bacele abantu ukuba banike ubungqina egameni labo.
Bavunyelwe ukuba babhenele nasiphi na isigqibo enkundleni.
Bavunyelwe ukuba bacaciselwe into ethethwayo enkundleni ngolwimi abaluqondayo.
Ucinga ukuba kufuneka ibe yeyiphi loo minyaka Ingaba umntwana unako ukuqonda ukuba wenze ulwaphulo-mthetho kwiminyaka esi-7, eli-10, okanye kweli-14 Luthini uluvo lwakho?
Urhulumente kufuneka ajonge iindlela zokusebenza ngabantwana ngaphandle kweenkundla.
Ingaba ungacinga ngeendlela abantwana abanokulungisa ngazo izinto ngaphandle kokuba baye enkundleni okanye ejele.
Ingaba sisiphelo okanye sisiqalo esi?
Ngumbuzo omhle lo.
Incwadi nganye inesiphelo.
Kodwa ngoku kuba usazi ngamalungelo akho, unokulungela into entsha ebomini bakho.
Phambi kokuba uyifunde le ncwadi, ingaba ubusazi ukuba ungowosapho lwabantu olunaba ukunqumleza ilizwe?
Phambi kokuba uyifunde le ncwadi, ingaba ubusazi ukuba amalungelo abantwana axhomekeke ekubeni usapho lwabantu lubajonga kakuhle njani oobhuti noosisi balo, nokuba bangobani na kwaye bahlala phi?
Into ekufuneka wenze isigqibo sayo ngoku kukuba ingaba le ncwadi inesiphelo esibuhlungu okanye isiphelo esimnandi.
Ukuba omnye wethu uzama okuncinane suku ngalunye lobomi bethu...
Kunokubakhona isiphelo esimnandi phaya ndaweni ithile.
Kodwa le yincwadi yakho...
IZizwe eziManyeneyo zasekwa emva kweMfazwe yesiBini yeHlabathi. Ngowama-24 Oktobha 1945, izizwe ezinagam-51 zaye zahlangana kunye kumzamo wokukhusela uxolo ngentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokhuseleko oluhlanganyelweyo lwabo bonke. Namhlanje, phantse isizwe ngasinye ehlabathini sikwiZizwe eziManyeneyo.
Xa amaZwe esiba ngamalungu eZizwe eziManyeneyo, ayavuma ukwamkela iimfanelo zeTshatha ye-UN, imvumelwano yamazwe ngamazwe emisela imithethosiseko esisiseko sonxulumano lwamazwe ngamazwe. NgokweTshatha i-UN ineenjongo ezine: ukugcina uxolo nokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe, ukuphuhlisa unxulumano olunobuhlobo phakathi kwezizwe, ukusebenzisana ekusombululeni iingxaki zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokunyusa intlonipho kumalungelo oluntu, kunye nokuba phakathi ekufaniseni izenzo zezizwe.
Amalungu e-UN ngamazwe azimeleyo kwaye azilawulayo. IZizwe eziManyeneyo ayingorhulumente wehlabathi, kwaye azenzi umthetho. Kodwa, zenza iindlela zokunceda ukusombulula impixano yamazwe ngamazwe kwaye zenze umgaqo-nkqubo kwimicimbi echaphazela thina sonke. Kwi-UN, zonke iZizwe ezingamaLungu - ezincinane nezinkulu, ezityebileyo nezihluphekayo, ezineembono zepolitiki ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zentlalo - zinelizwe kwaye ziyavota kule nkqubo.
IMvumelwano sisivumelwano phakathi kwezizwe ekuvunyelwene ngaso luWiso-mThetho Jikelele lweZizwe eziManyeneyo.
Ngo-1948, iZizwe eZimanyeneyo zamemezela iSibhengezo seHlabathi samaLungelo oluNtu. ISibhengezo seHlabathi sibeka amalungelo angundoqo kunye neenkululeko apho bonke abasetyhini namadoda kunye nabantwana banelungelo lwawo - phakathi kwawo ilungelo lolkuphila, inkululeko kunye nobuzwe, ukuya kwinkululeko yokucinga, isazela nenkolo, lokusebenza, lokuba ufunde, lokuba uthabathe inxaxheba kurhulumente.
La malungelo ayabophelela ngokomthetho ngenxa yeminqophiso emibini yamazwe ngamazwe, apho amaZwe amaninzi angamaqela. Omnye umnqophiso usebenza ngamalungelo oluntu kunye nawepolitiki.
Isibhengezo esibekwe ngumsebenzi osezantsi kwiimvumelwano kunye nezibhengezo ezingaphezulu kwama-80 kumalungelo oluntu, kuqukwa neemvumelwano zokuphelisa ucalulo ngokobuhlanga kunye nocalulo olujolise kwabasetyhini; imvumelwano kumalungelo abantwana, ubume beembacu kunye nokuthintelwa kokubulawa kwabantu abaninzi; kunye nezibhengezo kunye nokuzimela, ukulahleka okunyanzeleswayo kunye nelungelo lokukhula.
IMvumelwano ekuvunyelwene nganyo kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo kufuneka iqinisekiswe yiPalamente/uRhulumente welungu ngalinye leZizwe eziManyeneyo. Kwakube kwenziwe oku, loo rhulumente kufuneka athobele imithetho yeMvumelwano.
KwiMvumelwano ngokwayo, igama elisetyenziselwa urhulumente onemfanelo ngu "iQela likaRhulumente". Kuthetha ukuba urhulumente oliqela kwisivumelwano okanye imvumelwano. Ukwenza oku kube lula ebantwaneni, sisebenzise igama elithi "rhulumente".
Ekusebenziseni eligama, sifuna kucace ukuba urhulumente uquka icandelo lonke loluntu. Ngamanye amazwi, urhulumente uquka wonke umntu eyiyimfanelo yakhe ukuqhuba izinto elizweni: abafundisi-ntsapho bethu, abongikazi bethu, ulawulo lwethu, oonontlalo-ntle bethu kunye naye wonke omnye umntu onendima ayidlalayo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba izinto ziyasebenza. Kucacile ukuba, ubunkokheli kufuneka buvele phezulu. Izibonelelo kufuneka zenziwe zifumaneke kwaye kufuneka kwenziwe umzekelo. Kodwa thina, njengesizwe, sizibophelele ekubekeni abantwana kuqala. Kwaye oku yinto ekufuneka siyenze sonke.
Nangeyiphi na indlela encinane esinokwenza ngayo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_I-OFISI YEZEZEMBIWA NAMANDLA.txt</fn>
AmaZiko Amandla aDityanisiweyo asuka ekuqondeni ukuba ulungiselelo lwamandla kuphela alonelanga ukuzinzisa uphuhliso. Amandla kufuneka adityaniswe nezinye iimfuno ezifana nokufikelela emanzini, ugutyulo, impilo, imfundo, uPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho lweNgingqi Local Economic Development LED. Njl.njl. kwaye oku kudityaniswa kukuqonda nje ukuba ezi nkonzo, okanye iimfuno zixhomekelelene ekuphuculeni ubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu.
Ukunqongophala kwezibonelelo zamandla kwimimandla yasemaphandleni yinto ekhathaza kakhulu, njengoko amandla eyinto efunakeya engundoqo kulo naluphi na uphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngeke siyijongele phantsi into yokuba utshintsho kuphuhliso lwasemaphandleni lwenziwa ukuba lube nzima kukungaqiniseki kulungiselelo lwamandla.
ISebe lezeZembiwa naMandla (Department of Minerals and Energy) (DME) liyasiqonda isimo sabahluphekileyo kunye nophazamiseko lwamandla olukhoyo elizweni, likhathazekile kuba uncedo olukhulu lweenkqubo zonikezo ngamandla azifiki kolo luntu kujoliswe kulo. Ukuyibeka ngenye indlela iinkqubo kunye nezicwangciso eziqhubele phambili ziphuhlisiwe, kodwa kubonakala ngathi kukho isithuba phakathi kwezi njongo zilungileyo kunye nokuphunyezwa okwenziwayo okuyimpumelelo.
Ngokubona okukwahlulwa kwamandla, iSebe lezeZembiwa naMandla lizibophelele ekubeni lifake isandla ngokujoliswe ekuphelisweni kobuhlwempu bamandla kwaye kwakhona lazibeka emva kwezicwangciso zikarhulumente wesizwe ezijoliswe ekuphelisweni kobuhlwempu basezidolophini kunye nesemaphandleni. Ezinye zeendlela ezininzi i-DME eyiphuhlisileyo ejoliswe ekulungiseni ubuhlwempu bamandla ngamaZiko aMandla aDityanisiweyo (Integrated Energy Centres) (leCs). Ngoko ke iNkqubo yamaZiko aMandla aDityanisiweyo (Integrated Energy Centres) (leCs) yaye yasekwa. Ngee-leCs, i-DME yaye yadibana nabathelelani ababalulekileyo, icandelo labucala, oomasipala kunye nee-arhente ezafaka isandla ekusekeni iziko eliqhutywa luluntu, elingafezekisi iimveliso zamandla kuphela, kodwa ezinika ulwazi kunye neenkonzo zokwakhana.
Iziko laMandla aDityanisiweyo Integrated Energy Centres leCs yivenkile enesitophu esinye samandla emnini waso kwaye esiqhutywa luluntu oLusebenzisanayo kwaye iququzelelwe njengeprojekithi yoluntu. Inika izisombululo zamandla kuluntu, ufikelelo kwiinkonzo zamandla ezikhuselekileyo ezizinzileyo.
Ukufundisa kunye nokwazisa ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuzinzileyo kwimo engqongileyo.
Ukuvelisa kunye nokubonisa uluntu izisombululo zamandla ezinokwenziwa ntsha.
Izixhobo ezicocekileyo, ezikhuselekileyo nezinamandla awoneleyo okokupheka, izibane, iifriji, njl.
Neevidiyo zemfundo kumandla.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IBHILI (1998).txt</fn>
Ukubonelela ngokhuseleko nolondolozo lwendalo/imimandla elulutho kokusingqongileyo, lweendawo ezo eziluphawu lokwahluka-hlukana neentlobo-ntlobo zendalo kwelo Mzantsi Afrika, kunye namathambeka omhlaba kananjalo nemifanekiso yezilwandle, ukulungiselela ukusekwa koluhlu olubhaliweyo likazwelonke lazo zonke iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zengingqi ezephondo kwanezikazwelonke, ukulungiselela ulawulo lwezo ndawo ngokuhambisanayo nemigaqo-nkqubo nemigangatho yesizwe kwaye oko kungathi kananjalo kulondoloze ukuhlala kwaloo mimandla ikwimo yendalo yayo, kwenze igalelo kwinkqubela-phambili yoluntu, ezentlalo, ezenkcubeko, ezomphefumlo nakwezoqoqosho yaye kwananjalo zivumele ukusetyenziswa ngokuzisebenzelayo kwemithombo yendalo neyemvelaphi, ukulungiselela intsebenziswano phakathi kwamasebe karhulumente nolwabelwano-ngezimvo zoluntu kwimibandela engqamene neendawo ezikhuselweyo, ukulungiselela ukuhlala zihleli zingaphelelwa, ulawulo lukarhulumente nemisebenzi eyeyeNdawo zoLondolozo-Ndalo yeloMzantsi Afrika, nangokubhekiselele kwimibandela engqamene noku.
Isaziso esinikwa uMphathiswa wezibhengezo zephondo.
Umgaqo okanye ukusika imida yophuhliso okanye eminye imisebenzi kokusingqongileyo okukhuselekileyo.
Ukuyekiswa kokusetyenziswa kwamakhoboka, nokuba namalungelo abucala, okanye kumhlaba karhulumente.
iyantlukwano kwizinyana iyantlukwano phakathi kwezinye, kwakhona iyantlukwano kwinkqubo zoluntu nezokusingqongileyo.
isilwanyana esingaphiliyo nesiphilileyo, isityalo okanye nayiphi na enye into enezinto zendalo esivela kwisilwanyana esinjalo, isityalo okanye nayiphi na enye into echazwe kwicandelo 1 woMthetho weyantlukwano yezinto zendalo iBhodi ithetha iBhodi yeePaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika ibhekisa kwicandelo 57 elilawula iiPaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika.
Ubunjani besifundo sobudlelwane phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo nezo zokusingqongileyo ithetha ubungakanani bezendalo bezomzimba, namachiza nobudlelwane bawo ekugcineni iimveliso, imisebenzi kunye nezinye ezizezazo.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo nezo zokusingqongileyo kuthetha ubukhulu bezilwanyana, izityalo kunye ne micro-organism kunye nokunxibelelana kwayo nokusingqongileyo okungaphiliyo njengenxenye esebenzayo.
uMphathiswa, ibhekisa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente, kwakhona kuMphathiswa onoxanduva le mimandla ekhuselekileyo kwiphondo, ithetha iGazethi yePhondo kwelo phondo indawo yokuhlala" ngokubhekiselela kwizinto ezithile, ithetha indawo okanye uhlobo lwesiza apho ezo nto ziphuma khona ngokwendalo izinto zakudala" ngokubhekiselele kwimimandla ethile ekhuselekilryo, ithetha izinto ezenzeke okanye ezinembali, ngokwendalo kwisizwe esikhululekileyo kulo mmandla uthile okhuselekileyo, kodwa ungazifaki izinto ezikhutshwe kulo mmandla ukhuselekileyo ngenxa yentshukumo yabantu.
Ukuphathwa ngokubhekiselele kummandla okhuselekileyo, odibanisa ulawulo, ukhuselo, ukugcina ukulondoloza nokuvuselela imimandla ekhuselekileyo kuthetha ukusetyenziswa nokutsala amajelo endalo, imisebenzi esekelezelwe kuluntu , neza kunceda imisebenzi ekwabelwana ngayo.
Igunya lokuphatha ngokubhekiselele kummandla okhuselekileyo, lithetha i-organ yesizwe apho likhoyo igunya lokuphatha ummandla okhuselekileyo.
iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo elinoxanduva leendawo ezikhuselekileyo ithetha ilungu lesiGqeba loLawulo lephondo apho isikhundla semimandla yokhuselo kwiphondo sifumaneka khona.
UMphathiswa ithetha ilungu lekhabhinethi elinoxanduva likuphatha okusingqongileyo lwesizwe.
uMasipala uthetha umasipala osekwe ngokwemigaqo kaRhulumente wesiPhaluka: uMthetho weZakhiwo zikaMasipala uMthetho No.
uMthetho wokuPhathwa kokuSingqongileyo kweSizwe uthetha uMthetho wokuPhathwa kokuSingqongileyo kweSizwe. uMthetho No.
a ummandla obuyi paki okanye ipaki ekhontrakthiweyo ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho wePaki yeSizwe uMthetho No.
ummandla ibingowophuhliso lwedama ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho woPhuhliso lweMimamdla yamaDama, wowe 1975 uMthetho No.
imimandla ekhuselekileyo ithetha nawuphi na ummandla okhuselekileyo ekubhekiswa kuwo kwicandelo 9, kodwa apho lenkcazo isetyenziswa kwilungiselelo lalo Mthethoothi ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 13 , 14 ! 5 okanye 16 engabhekisiyo kummandla okhuselekileyo lalo mmandla ukhuselekileyo, ewukhuphayo kwelo lungiselelo ummandla wolo hlobo lunjalo.
uvimba owodwa wendalo uthetha ummandla obunguvimba wendalo owodwa ngokwemigaqo yecandelo loMthetho wokuGcinwa kweSizwe uMthetho No.
lo Mthetho udibanisa nawuphi na umthethwna okhutshwe ngokwemigaqo yelungiselelo lalo Mthetho.
ummandla wasendle uthetha ummandla obekiweyo ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 22 okanye 26 ngesizathu sokugcina imo yayo imo yangaphandle , okanye kukwazeke ukuyigcina injalo, ithi injalo ingabinakuphuhliseka nandlela , ingakwazi nokwenziwa uphuculo olungazo kutshintsha okanye ibe yindawo yokuhlala abantu.
Isiza selifa lelizwe lithetha isiza selifa selizwe ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho wokuGcina iLifa leLizwe, sowe 1999uMthetho No.
Kulo Mthetho, amagama okanye izikhuzo ezichazwe kwicandelwana linentsingiselo ebhekisele apha ngaphandle kokuba ingxam ithetha enye into.
Ukubonelela ngokwenza zihlale zikhona iipaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika.
tolikwe uze umiselwe ngokwemigaqo yokuphathwa kokusingqongileyo kwesizwe; kwakhona fundwe ngokwamalungiselelo oMthetho wokuPhathwa kokuSingqongileyo kweSizwe.
Ngokokumiselwa okukuko kwecandelwana (b) kufuneka uMphathiswa athi ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 145 loMgaqo-siseko angenise yonke imithethwana ekhutshwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelo lalo Mthetho eza kuthi ibe nempembelelo kumaphondo, ifune nemvume kumaPhondo eBhunga leSizwe.
imimandla yamahlathi ekhuselekileyo, oovimba bamahlathi, nemimandla yamahlathi asendle ebhengezwe ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho weMimandla yaseZintabeni wowe 1970uMthetho No. 63 wowe 1970.
luluhlu lwayo yonke imimandla ekhuselekileyo eMzantsi Afrika, ekubhekiswe kuyo kwicandelo 9, ixele uhlobo lommandla okhuselekileyo kumbandela ngamnye iqulathe nayiphi na ingcaciso exelwe nguMphathiswa.
Ngokwezizathu zecandelwana 2 b ummandla okhuselekileyo obhengezwe ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wephondo mawufakwe kwiRejista njengovimba wendalo okanye okusingqongileyo okukhuselekileyo.
kufunwa amagunya okuphatha lo mimandla ekhuselekileyo anike iingxelo ngezi mpawu kuMphathiswa.
a uMphathiswa onoxanduva le mimandla ekhuselekileyo kwiphondo apho amasiko nezithethe zisebenza khona.
Izithethe nemigangatho ezahlukeneyo zokulawulwa amagunya.
Imimandla ekhuselekileyo ethe ngoko nangoko phambi kokuba elicandelo libuyiselwe umva, okanye ikhuselwe ngokwemigaqo yomthetho wephondo ngaso nasiphi na isizathu apho ummandla unokuthi ngokwemigaqo yeli candelo ibhengezwe njengovimba wendalo okanye okusingqongileyo okukhuselekileyo, ithathwe njengovimba wendalo okanye ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo ngesizathu salo Mthetho.
uMmandla obhengezwe njengesiza siLifa loMhlaba ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho weNgqungquthela yeLifa loMhlaba wowe 1999 (uMthetho No. 49 wowe 1999) aze nokuba iLifa loMhlaba alidibanisi mmandla okhuselekileyo wolunye uhlobo, luphathwe luze lulawulwe ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho , ngokulawulwa licandelwano weli candelo.
iSahluko 1 neSahluko 2sabhekisa kwiziza zelifa lelizwe. Amannye amalungiselelo alo Mthetho akabhekisi kwziza zelifa lelizwe ngaphandle kwendawo echaziweyo okanye xa kuxeliwe.
iSahluko 1 esi Sahluko necandelo 48 libhekisa kwimimandla yaselwandle ekhuselekileyo. Amanye amalungiselelo alo Mthetho akabhekisi kwimimandla ekhuselekileyo yaselwandle , kodwa ukuba umhlaba okhuselekileyo waselwandle ufakiwe kuvimba oyedwa wezendalo, ipaki yesizwe okanye uvimba wendalo , loo mmandla lowo kufuneka uphathwe uphinde ulawulwe njengenxenye yovimba owodwa ipaka yesizwe ingokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho.
Imimandla ekhuselekileyo yezamahlathi, oovimba bamahlathi endalo nemimandla yamahlathi asendla.
Ummandla obhengezwe njengommandla wamahlathi okhuselekileyo, uvimba wamahlathi endalo okanye ummandla wahlathi asendle ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 8 loMthetho wamaHlathi eSizwe, wowe 1998 (uMthetho No. 84 wowe 1998) kufuneka uphathwe uze ulawulwe ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho, ngokulawulwa licandelwana lalo Mthetho.
iSahluko 1 esi Sahluko necandelo 48 libhekiselela kwimimandla eyodwa ekhuselekileyo yamahlathi, oovimba bendalo bamahlathi, nemimandla yamahlathi asendle akhuselekileyo. Amanye amalungiselelo alo Mthetho akabhekiseleli kwimimandla eyodwa ekhuselekileyo yamahlathi, oovimba bamahlathi endalo okanye imimandla yamahlathi asendle, kodwa ukuba ukhona omnye ummmandla onjalo obhengeziweyo okanye ofakiweyo kuvimba eyedwa wendalo, ipaki yesizwe okanye uvimba wesizwe loo mimandla mayiphathwe ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho ngokwesivumelwano nelungu lekhabhinethi linoxanduva lwamahlathi.
siSahluko1 kunye nesi Sahluko zibhekiselela kwimimandla ekufumaneka kuzo iintaba.
a akhusele indawo eziceketheke kakhulu, iinkqubo eziphilayo eziseleyo, iindidi zezidalwa ezincinci, kwisifundo somhlaba okanye ubume obubonakalayo kwimimandla, kwakhona b ukwena ummandla ufumaneka xa kuza kwenziwa uphando lwezenzululwazi okanye xa kuza kujongwa okusingqongileyo.
Ngulo mhlaba wodwa onokuthi ubhengezwe kwemigaqo yecandelwana njengovimba wendalo owodwa okanye njengovimba wendalo oyedwa okhoyo.
a umhlaba karhulumente okanye webutho likarhulumente b umhlaba ophantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente okanye phantsi kwebutho likarhulumente c umhlaba ongowomntu wabucala osivumileyo eso sibhengezo ngesivumelwano esibhaliweyo edibene noMphathiswa.
Ukuyekiswa kwesibhengezo okanye ukukhutsshwa kwenxenye yoovimba bendalo ababodwa.
Ummandla obunguvimba wendalo ngexesha elicandelo beliqalisa mawuthi ngesizathu seli candela lithathwe ukuba belibhengeziwe ngokwecandelo le migaqo yecandelo 18.
i njengepaki yesizwe okanye ii njengenxenye yepaki yesizwe ekhoyo, kwakhona b ayithiye igama le paki yesizwe.
i Ummandla ukubangaba ummandla lowo ubalulekile esizweni okanye kwiyantlukwana yendalo kumazwe angaphesheya okanye yi okanye iphilile, amele isampuli yenkqubo yezinto zendalo zaseMzantsi Afrika, imimandla enembonakalo yelizwe okanye iziza zelifa zenkcubeko, okanye ii zinobuganga bezinto eziphilayo kummandla omnye okanye nakweminye imimandla.
b ukunqanda ukuxhatshazwa okanye ukuhlala okungangqamenanga nokukhuseleko lwemimandla enobuganga c Ukubonelela ngamathuba ezinto zomoya, ezenzululwazi, emfundo, olonwabo nawokhenketho akwaziyo ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo.
Ngulo mhlaba ulandelayo wodwa omawubhengezwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana 1 njengepaki yesizwe okanye ipaki ekhoyo yesizwe.
a umhlaba karhulumente okanye ibutho likarhulumente b umhlaba ophantsi kolawulo likarhulumente lodwaokanye ibutho likarhulumente;okanye c umhlaba womtu osecaleni okanye uluntu oluvumileyokwisibhengezo ngokubhaliweyo edibene noMphathiswa okanye iPaki yeSizwe yoMzantsi Afrika.
a ayekise esi sibhengezo somhlaba osecaleni esiyintloko yesivumelwano njengepaki uuyesizwe okanye inxenye yepaki yesizwe ekhoyo, okanye b awukhuphe lo mhlaba kwipaki yesizwe.
i uneempawu ezibonakalayo zendalo okanye zeyantlukwano ngokwendalo ii inesiza senzululwazi , senkcubeko, sembali, inomdla kwezenzululwazi yezakudala, iii ifuna ukukhuselwa isithuba eside ukuze ikwazi ukulondoloza iyantlukwano yayo ngokwendalo okhoyo.
b awukhuphe lo mhlaba kuvimba wesizwe.
ukubonelela ngokuhamba kweemveliso yendalo egcinakeleyo neenkonzo zokuhlangabezana neemfuno zoluntu lwengingqi.
c yenza kubekho iintlobo ntlobo zokusetyenziswa kwezinto zemveli ezinokuthi zigcinakale, okanye d ukubonelela ngezinto zolonwabo ezisekelezelwe kwindalo nakumathuba okhenketho.
a umhlaba karhulumente okanye ibutho likarhulumente b umhlaba ophantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente okanye ibutho likarhulumente; okanye c umhlaba womntu wabucala okanye uluntu oluvumileyo kwisibhengezo ngokwendlela ebhaliweyo noMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo elinoxanduva lokukhusela imihlaba ekhuselekileyo kwiphondo elifanelekileyo.
uMphathiswa unokuthi, ngokwesaziso kwiGazethi, alathele uvimba wendalo obhengezwe nuMphathiswa ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 23 ephethwe libutho lesizwe , njengohlobo oluthile lovimba wendalo echazwe njengoMphathiswa ngokulawulwa yinkqubo efanayo yeendidi ezimiselweyo.
uMphathiswa onoxanduva lwemimandla, kwiphondo unokuthi, ngokwesaziso kwiGazethi, alathe uvimba wendalo obhengezwe nguMphathiswa ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 23 okanye ephethwe libutho likarhulumente wephondo nowengingqi, njengohlobo oluthile likavimba wendalo ochazwe nguMphathiswa ngokulawulwa yinkqubo efanayo yeendidi ezimiselweyo.
Kufuneka uMphathiswa acebisane nabaphathi begunya likavimba , ngaphandle kokuba uvimba walathwe ngexesha lesibhengezo sikavimba ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 23 ngaphambi kokwalatha uvimba wendalo njengohlobo oluthile likavimba wendalo.
uMphathiswa unokuthi, ngokwesaziso esikwiGazethi, alathe uvimba wendalo obhengezwe nguMphathiswa ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 23 okanye ophethwe libutho lesizwe, okanye inxenye kavimba onjalo, njengommandla wasendle uMphathiswa onoxanduva lwemimandla ekhuselekileyo kwiphondo, unokuthi ngesaziso kwiGazethi abhengeze uvimba wesizwe kwiphondo obhengezwe nguMphathiswa ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 23 okanye ophethwe libutho likarhulumente wephondo okanye wengingqi, okanye njengenxenye yovimba onjalo , njengommandla wasendle.
i ngenxa yeyantlukwano yayo kwezendalo ii ngenxa yemo yayo yendalo iii ngenxa yexabiso layo kwezenzululwazi, kwezenkcubeko, kwezembali, nakwezakudala; okanye iv ngenxa yexabiso layo kwimbonakalo yomhlaba d ukukhusela i ekho sitimu echaziweyo ngaphandle kuvimba wendalo, ipaki yesizwe, isiza Selifa lelizwe okanye uvimba wendalo e ukuqinisekisa ukuguqulwa okanye ukutshintshwa ekusebenziseni umhlaba kummandla f ukunqanda ukuguqulwa, okanye ukutshintshwa kumhlba osetyenziswe kulo mmandla ukuba umlaba lowo ubekelwe ukubhengezwa njenge okanye uza kufakwa kwipaki yesizwe okanye kuvimba wendalo.
Akukho mmandla o okanye inxenye iyenza uvimba wendalo owodwa, ipaki yesizwe okanye uvimba wendalo onokuthi abhengezwe njengokusingqongileyo kwendalo okanye njengenxenye kokusingqongileyo okukhuselekileyo okukhoyo.
Ukubhengezwa kommandla ekubhekiswa kuwo kwicandelwana 2 f njengommandla okhuselekileyo, uyaphelelwa emva kweminyaka emithathu ukusukela kumhla wopapasho lwesisaziso ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana 1, kodwa uMphathiswa, okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo elinoxanduva lwemimandla ekhuselekileyo kwiphondo unokuthi kwiGazethi andise elo xesha into engekho ngaphezu konyaka omnye.
a ayekise isibhengezo sommandla ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 28 njengokusingqongileyo okukhuselekileyo okanye njengenxenye yokusingqongileyo okukhuselekileyo okukhoyo; okanye b kupheliswe nayiphina inxenye yokusingqongileyo okukhuselekileyo kulo mmandla.
ancamathisele ikopi yesaziso esinjalo kwisango okanye ekungeneni kumhlatyana olapho kulo mmandla.
a simeme onke amalungu, kudibanise abanini-mhlaba nabanamalungelo obunini ekubhekiswe kubo kwicandelwana 1 b, bangenise kuMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo izinto ezibhaliweyo nge okanye bekhaba eso saziso socetywayo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama -60 ukusukela kumhla wopapasho wesaziso kwiGazethi; kwakhona b iqulathe ingcaciso eyaneleyo eza kwenza amalungu oluntu angeniso iziphakamiso ezivakalayo okanye izinto azikhabayo, lo nto idibanise nommandla oza kuchatshazelwa sesi sibhengezo.
uMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo livumele nawuphi na umntu okanye uluntu lwengingqi lizise iziphakamiso ngomlomo okanye izinto oluzikhabayo kuMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo, kumntu owalathwe nguMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo. Eli candelwana malisebenze apho isaziso esicetyway siza kuchaphazela amalungelo okanye imidla yoluntu lwengingqi.
i kwenzeke ngexesha elinye nelungu lekhabhinethielinoxanduva lokulawula lo umhlaba ukuba umhlaba lowo ulawulwa sisigqeba solawulo lwesizwe;okanye ii emva kokucebisana neLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo elinoxanduva lolawulo lalo mhlaba, ukuba lo mhlaba ulawulwa sisigqeba sokuulawula sephondo.
a umhlaba karhulumente nolawulwa sisigqeba sikazwelonke, sephondo, okanye ibutho likarhulumente , uMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo elinoxanduva lwemimandla ekhuselekileyo lephondo elifanelekileyo, linokubhengeza lo mmandla qha ngokudibana nelungu lekhabhinethi okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo elinoxanduva lokulawula lo mhlaba.
b umhlaba ogcinwe litrasti likarhulumente okanye ibutho likarhulumente loluntu okanye omnye onebango, uMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo linokuwubhengeza lo mmandla qha ngokudibana netrasti.
Ukubhengezwa komhlaba wabucala njengovimba wendalo oyedwa, ipaki yesizwe, uvimba wesizwe, okanye okusingqongileyo okukhuselekileyo, okanye njengenxenye yovimba wendalo oyedwa okhoyo, kungaqaliswa nguMphathiswa, okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo elinoxanduva lwemimandla ekhuselekileyo kwiphondo okanye abanini-balo mhlaba abazisebenzelayo okanye bedibene.
Nasiphi na isicelo esivela kubanini-mhlaba babucala abafuna ukuba umhlaba wabo ubhengezwe, esifunyenwe nguMphathiswa, okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo kufuneka kuqala siqwalaselwe nguMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo.
uMphathiswa makanikezele ngokubhaliweyo ukuphathwa kwemimandla ekhuselekileyo yesizwe kwibutho likarhulumente okanye nakweliphi na iziko.
a Paki yeSizwe yoMzantsi Afrika okanye b Elinye ibutho lesizwe ukubangaba liphethe I paki yesizwe ngokwezinto ezibhalwe phantsi nguMphathiswa uMphathiswa onoxanduva lwemimandla ekhuselekileyo kwiphondo makanikezele, ngokubhaliweyo, ukuphathwa kwemimandla ekhuselekileyo kwibutho likarhulumente.
Ibutho likarhulumente okanye elinye iziko apho belinikezelwe ukuphathwa kommandla okhuselekileyo ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana 1 okanye 2 ligunya lokuphatha lo mmandla ngokwesizathu salo Mthetho.
Xa igunya lokuphatha elithembisayo lilungiselela isicwangciso sokuphatha masicebisane noomasipala namanye amabutho karhulumente namaqela achaphazelekayo anomdla kulo mmandla.
Kufuneka isicwangciso sokuphatha siyiqwalasele imiba esebenzayo esicwangciso esiyondeleleneyo sophuhliso sikamasipala apho ukhoyo ummandla okhuselekileyo..
Igunya lokuphatha ummandla okhuselekileyo maliphathe ummandla a.
Igunya lokuphatha lommandla okhuselekileyi wesizwe okanye wephondo unokulungiswa ngesicwangciso ngesivumelwano noMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo olunoxanduva lwemimandla ekhuselekileyo kwiphondo, njengoko kufanelekile.
Injongo yesicwangciso sokuphatha kukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ulondolozo nokuphathwa kommandla okhuselekileyo ngokwendlela engqamelene neenjongo zalo Mthetho kwanesizathu ebibhengezelwe sona.
a uphahla lwepolisi/inkqubo elungelelaniswe kakuhle b loo milinganiselo icwangcisiweyo, yokunqanda nomsebenzi oyimqobo yokulinganisa njengoko kuchaziwe.
Izicwangciso zokuphatha mazibe nezicwangciso ezincedisayo, kwaye uMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo lisamkele isicwangciso sokuphatha okanye nasiphina esincedisayo ngokupheleyo okanye inxenye yaso.
a phathisana ngommandla namaqela; okanye b lawule iintshukumo zabantu ezichaphazela okusingqongileyo kulo mmandla, ukuba ngaba oko kuphathisana akukhokeleli ekuqhaweleni okanye ekwenzeni into enye kabini.
e ukuhlaliwa kommandla okhuselekileyo okanye inxenye yawo.
f Nawuphi na omnye umbandela obhekiselele apha.
a bonelele ngokuphathwa kwamajelo alilifa lenkcubeko ngendlela efanelekileyo nebambiseneyo kwimimandla ekhuselekileyo ligunya lokuphatha; kwakhona b kungqamelane namanye amalungiselelo alo Mthetho uMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo elinoxanduva lokukhusela imimandla kwiphondo, njengoko kufanelekile, linokukuphelisa ukuphathisana emva kokunika isaziso esivakalayo kumaqela ukuba eso sivumelwano sifunyaniswe singasebenzi ngokuyimpumelelo okanye sisokolisa ukufumaneka kwazo nzaiphi na iinjongo zokuphatha ummandla okhuselekileyo.
lijonge ummandla lisebenzisa izalathisi ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana 1 okanye; kwakhona b linike ingxelo ngelikufumeneyo kuMphathiswa okanye kwiLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo okanye kumntu owalathelwe nguMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo qho ngonyaka.
uMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba unokuqesha abaphicothi - zincwadi bajonge ukuthobela kwegunya lokuphatha iinjongo zonke zesicwangciso sokuphatha.
a kangene kuvimba wendalo owodwa b kahlale kuvimba wendalo oyedwa; okanye c kenze nawuphi na umsebenzi kuvimba wendalo oyedwa.
Igunya lokuphatha likavimba wendalo oyedwa linokuthi, ngokubhaliweyo nangeemeko ezalathwe lilo emva kokucebisana noMphathiswa livume ngokwelungiselelo le candelwana 1 ukuba.
a angene ipaki, uvimba, okanye isiza, okanye b ahlale epakini, kuvimba okanye kwisiza.
a awuqwalasele kakhona lo mcimbi;kwakhona b avume olo lwaliwo okanye akhuphe imvume yokungena.
a kwi okanye asuke kwibala elalathelwe ligunya lokuphatha lalo vimba wendalo, ipaki yesizwe okanye isiza selifa lelizwe; kwakhona c unemvume ka , nangemeko ezalathwe , ligunya lokuphatha.
Inxenye 4 : Iziqhobosho.
b yimithetho eyenziwe licandelo 87 , ngokubhekiselele kovimba bendalo bephondo nabe ngingqi c yimithetho kamasipala ngokubhekiselele koovimba bendalo bengingqi.
Umsebenzi ovunywe ngokwecandelwana 1 a okanye b usenokungazichaphazeli kakubi izidalwa ezincinci okanye kuphazamise ngokubonakalayo ubunganga beenkqubo zendalo kwipaki yesizwe, uvimba wendalo okanye isiza selifa lelizwe.
Akukho phuhliso, kwakhiwa okanye ukufamisha okuza kuvunyelwa kwi paki yesizwe, kuvimba wendalo, kwisiza selifa lelizwe ngaphambi kokuba kubekho isivumelwana sangaphambili esibhaliweyo ligunya lokuphatha.
Igunya lokuphatha lepaki yesizwe , uvimba wendalo, isiza selifa lelizwe, liza kuthi, ngokubhekiselela kuzo nziphi na izithethe nemigangatho echaziweyo enze imithetho yokulawulwa okufanelekileyo lo mmandla.
a mayingqamelane malo Mthetho nesicwangciso sokupghathwa sommandla b iquka bonke abantu kummandla , kubandakanya neendwendwe; kwakhona c inokuthi, njengemo yokungena , ukubonelela ukuwiswa kwesigwebo ngokwaphula imigaqo.
a ukusonjululwa kwemiba ephathalele kumalungelo omhlaba ngokoMthetho woBuyiselo lwaMalungelo omhlaba uMthetho No.
Umntu angalisebenzisa ilungelo analo yena buqulokusela okanye ukusebenzisa amanzi akumlambo okanye emfuleni okummandla okhuselekileyo, kodwa ngokulawulwa yinto eqingqwe nguMphathiswa ngemvisiswano nelungu leKhabhinethi elinoxanduva lemicimbi yamanzi.
IIPaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika ezisekwe ngokwecandelo lo Mthetho wePaki zeSizwe ,1976uMthetho No.
a alawule iinkqubo zokufuya nezokulima, ze bagcine imimandla yoovimba epakini njengendawo zokufuya nezizokukhulisa izityalo b athengise, atshintshise okanye ahlinzeke ngaso nasiphi na isilwanyana, isityalo okanye into enobom ekhoyo epakini , okanye athenge, atshintshe okanye ngelinye ixesha azifumanele naluphi na uhlobo lwento ephilayo eyeyemveli anokuthi ayithabathe njengekunqweneleka ukuba kukhondozwe ngayo kwipaki ethile.
abe nokubonelela ngendawo yokuhlala nokufaka iintloko kwabahambi nabasebenzi , kubandakanywa ubonelelo ngokutya kunye neemfuno zekhaya i aqhube ushishino okanye urhwebo okanye abonelele ngezinye iinkonzo ukulungiselela ukuba izinto zibe lula kubatyeleli nabasebenzi, kubandakanywa nokuthengiselwa isiaelo esinxilisayo.
Icandelwana 2 lisebenza kananjalo kweminye imimandla ekhuselweyo ephethwe ngaMaziko oLondolozo -ndalo eSizwe oMzantsi Afrika, ngokunjalo namagunya aqulathwe kweloo candelwana angathi asetyenziswe lilo ngokukangangoko loo magunya athi angagungqi kwinjongo ethe loo mimandla injalo abhengezwa njengommandla okhuselweyo.
a kwezo zigqibo ezenziwe ngesizathu sokuba kukho ukumelwa komntu ngokwecandelo 71 ; okanye b apho uMthetho woLawulo-Mali zikaRhulumente ubonelela ngeny'indlela.
a umntu obambe isikhundla njengelungu lePalamente okanye indlu yoWiso-mthetho yePhondo.
nayiphi na enye ingcaciso enokuthi ichazwe uMphathiswa makajonge inani elifunekayo labaqeshwa ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana1 b kodwa xa uluhlu lwamagama lungonelanga kufuneka uMphathiswa aqeshe umntu ofanelekileyo amkhethe ngokwakhe.
Xa eqesha uMphathiswa kufuneka ayiqwalasele into yokuqesha abantu kuluntu ebelukade luhlelelekile.
Nanini na xa kuyimfuneko, kufuneka uMphathiswa aqeshe ilungu leBhodi njengosihlalo uSihlalo uqeshwa isithuba esalathwe nguMphathiswa oza kuthi, ngokombandela welungu ekubhekiswa kulo kwicandelo 57 1 a kodwa angalidluli ithuba lakhe le ofisi.
Iimeko zamalungu angekhoyo kwingqesho kazwelonke, kwiphondo okanye kwingalo yombuso ingabonelela ngentlawulo eyelathwe nguMphathiswa ngokuvumelana nelungu leKhabhinethi elinoxanduva lwezemali. Lo mvuzo lowo nezibonelelo zihlawulwa liZiko loLondolozo-ndalo yeSizwe eMzantsi Afrika.
Amalungu akwingqesho kazwelonke, kwiphondo okanye kwingalo yombuso wengingqi akamelanga kufumana ntlawulo nazibonelelo, kodwa bangabuyiselwa ngemali ephuma epokothweni yeziko lolondolozo-ndalo leSizwe loMzantsi Afrika.
a malenze imisebenzi ye ofisi linomoya omhle lingakhethi buso bamntu b lazise iBhodi ngomdla wezoshishino elinawo elilelalo okanye ishishini labucala, okanye lomyeni, leqabane okanye umntu osisizalwane esisondeleyo kulo, lingathi liyeke kwiinkqubo zeBhodi, ngaphandle kokuba iBhodi iyabona ukuba loo mdla linawo awungeni ncam kwizinto zeaBhodi.
c Lingasebenzisi amandla esikhundla elokuso nolwazi lezinto zeBhodi ukuzifumanela izinto zalo okanye lenze inzuzo komnye.
Ilungu lebhodi elophula okanye elingazithobeliyo izinto ezikwicandelwana 1 lakufunyanwa linetyala lokuziphatha kakubi.
Ilungu lingasifaka isaziso esibhaliweyo sesicelo sokuyeka ubuncinane iinyanga ezintathu kuMphathiswa, kodwa ke uMphathiswa angasamkela isaziso esingaphantsi kwenyanga ezintathu kwiimeko ezithile.
uMphathiswa angalisusa ilungu kwiBhodi ekubhekiswa kuyo kwicandelo 57 (a) , kodwa ngezi zathu a zokungakwazi ukuziphatha kakuhle okanye ngokungawazi umsebenzi b lingabkho ezintlanganisweni iintlanganiso ezintathu ezilandelelanayo lingenayo imvume kwiBhodi c ukuba namatyala elingakwazi ukuwabhatala d lifunyenwe linetyala laza alanikwa fayini/mdliwo.
Ilungu leBhodi lingasuswa e-ofisini ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuziphatha kakuhle okanye ngokungawazi umsebenzi emva kophando elenziwe yobhodi yophando eqeshwe nguMphathiswa.
Umntu oqeshwe ukuba azalise isithuba uhlala e-ofisini elo xesha lishiyekileyo lishiywe nguSihlalo okanye ilungu.
uSihlalo weBhodi uyagqiba ngendawo nangexesha emazibe kuyo iintlanganiso, kodwa isininzi samalungu singacela ngokubhaliweyo ukubamba iintlanganiso kwindawo nexesha ekwisicelo eso.
uSihlalo iba nguye ochophela iintlanganiso zeBhodi, kodwa athi ukuba akakho, amalungu anganyula elinye ilungu elikhoyo lichophele intlanganiso leyo.
Umcimbi ophambi kweBhodi ugqitywa ngevoti yesininzi samalungu asentlanganisweni.
Ukuba kuthe kuwo nawuphi na umcimbi ophambi kweBhodi inani leevoti lalingana kufuineka ivoti yelungu elichopheleyo nayo ibalwe njengeyelungu.
iBhodi ingaseka ikomiti enye nangaphezulu ukuncedisa kwimisebenzi nokuqhutywa kwamagunya ayo.
Xa isenyula amalungu okuba sekomitini , iBhodi ayinyanzelekanga ukuba ithathe amalungu asekomitini qha.
Icandelo 62 linezinto ezininzi ezifuna ukulungiswa xa ingxamu ivuma, lisebenza ngeemeko zokonyulwa kwamalungu ekomiti. Ilungu lestafu laMaziko oLondolozo -ndalo eSizwe eMzantsi Afrika elonyulwe kwikomiti lisebenza kwikomiti ngokwemigaqo neemeko zalo ngqesho yalo mntu.
c ukubekwa kwemida yezemali ngokwecandelo 732 okanye a okanye 3; kwakhona d ngokwamkelwa kohlahlo-lwabiwo mali.
b mazenziwe ngokubhaliweyo c lingayitshintshi imisebenzi yeBhodi ebhekisa ekunikeni imisebenzi nokuqhuba imisebenzi yokuthuma; kwakhona d lingakuthinteli ukwabiwa kwemisebenzi okanye ukuqhutywa kwemisebenzi yiBhodi.
iBhodi ingaqinisekisa, ngokulungelelanisa okanye ukuphelisa nasiphi na isigqibo esithathwe ligqiza labathunywa ngokwemigaqo yeli candela, ngokulawulwa ngamalungelo avele njengesiphumo sesi sigqibo.
iBhodi, ngokuvumelana noMphathiswa, baqeshe umntu oneziqu zemfundo ezifanelekileyo namava abe liGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko laMaziko oLondolozo-ndalo eSizwe eMzantsi Afrika.
a liqeshwa ngokwesithuba esingadluliyo kwiminyaka emihlanu; kwakhona b linokuphinda liqeshwe yiBhodi ngokuvumelana noMphathiswa.
iGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko liqeshwe ngokulawula yilo migaqo neemeko zengqesho njengoko iBhodi inokwala ngokwesamkelo nguMphathiswa evumelana nelungu leKhabhinethi enoxanduva lezemali.
Naninina xa lithe iGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko alabikho okane alakwazi ukuqhuba imisebenzi yalo okanye nanini xa kukho isithuba e-ofisini yeGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko, kufuneka uSihlalo weBhodi anyule elinye ilungu lestafu leZiko loLondolozo-ndalo yeSizwe eMzantsi Afrika asebenze njengelungu leLawulo eliyiNtloko ixesha elingagqithiyo kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
iBhodi, ngokuvumelana noMphathiswa, mayalathe inkqubo yengqesho uaMaziko oLondolozo -ndalo yeSizwe eMzantsi Afrika.
Umqeshwa weZiko loLondolozo-ndalo leSizwe eMzantsi Afrika uqeshwe ngokulawulwa yimigaqo neemeko zengqesho ezalathwe liGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko nayingalo enjalo yombuso karhulumente a Umntu okwenye inkonzo yengalo yombuso karhulumente angasebenza njngegosa lemboleko kwiPaki yeSizwe yoMzantsi Afrika ngokuvumelana phakathi kweGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko nalo ngalo yombuso kubhekiswa kuyo.
c Amagosa emboleko enza imisebenzi ephantsi kolawulo lweGosa loLwulo eliyiNtloko.
Umntu okwinkonzo yaMaziko oLondolozo-ndalo eSizwe oMzantsi Afrika , evumelene nalo mntu , angaligosa lemboleko kwenye ingalo yombuso karhulumente ngokwesivumelwano phakathi kweGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko nalo ngalo yombuso karhulumente.
Inxenye 5 : Imicimbi yezemali.
Iziko loLondolozo-Ndalo zeSizwe eMzantsi Afrika liziko loluntu ngezizathu zoMthetho woluLawulwa kweMali zoLuntu.
Amaziko oLondolo-ndalo eSizwe eMzantsi Afrika anokutyala nayiphi na imali yawo hayi ngokukhawuleza a) ngokubhekiselele kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo enokuthi ichazwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 7 loMthetho wokuphathwa kwemali zoluntu(Public Finance Mnagement Act...
b ngokubhekiselele kuwo nawuphina umlinganiselo obekwe nguMphathiswa.
Ingxowa-mali yokufunyanwa komhlaba luLondolozo-ndalo lwasekwa licandelo 12A loMthetho woLondolozo-ndalo lweSizwe wowe 1976uMthetho No.
a makajonge umsebenzi owenziwa ziiPaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika namagunya ayo b unokwalatha izithethe nemigaqo yokusebenza kwePaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika namandla azo c unokukhupha izikhokelo kwiiPaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika nemilinganiso yokufumana izithethe nemigangatho.
Ukungabikho kweBhodi esebenzayo , imisebezni namagunya eBhodi abhekiswa kuMphathiswa, oza kuthi yena , kumbandela onjalo , emze loo misebenzi nalo magunya de ifike iBhodi esebenzayo kwakhona.
b stshintshise ngomhlaba okanye abe nelungelo komnye umhlaba okanye amalungelo, okanye c ahluthe umhlaba okanye ilungelo ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho woKuhlutha, wowe 1975 uMthetho No. 63 wowe 1975, ukuba akukho sivumelwana kufikelelwe kuso nomnini-mhlaba okanye nesiqinisekiso selo lungelo.
b kutshintshisa ngomhlaba okanye ngelungelo lomnye umhlaba; okanye c hluthe umhlaba okanye ilungelo ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho woKuhlutha umhlba wowe 1975, ukuba akukhange kufikwe kwisivumelwana nomnini-mhlaba okanye onelungelo lokuwugcina.
a ngokuthenga umhlaba okanye ilungelo; okanye b ukuba umhlaba okanye ilungelo linikezelwe okanye lingumyolelo , ngokwamkela isipho okanye umyolelo lowo.
amaZiko oLondolozo-ndalo eSizwe eMzantsi Afrika ayaphosa ukuvuma kwixabiso lentengiso yomhlaba okanye kwilungelo ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana 1 a, uMphathiswa unokuthi endaweni yePaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika okanye urhulumente ahluthe umhlaba okanye ilungelo ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho wokuHlutha umhlaba, wowe 1975 uMthetho No.
uMphathiswa, osebenza ngokuvumelana nelungu leKhabhinethi elinoxanduva nomsebenzi woluntu, unokuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuyekisa ibhondi kumhlaba karhulumente ofunyenwe bucala obuthe okanye ucetywa ukubhebgezwa njengo okanye ufakwe kummandla okhuselekileyo wesizwe.
iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo lemimandla ekhuselekileleyo , elisebenza ngokuvumelananeLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo elinoxanduva lomsebenzi woluntu kwiphondo, linokuthatha nawaphi na amanyathelo okuyekisa ibhondi kumhlaba wephondo, okanye konelungelo lawo labucala e okanye kumhlaba wephondo, obuthe okanye ucetywa ukubhengezwa nje okanye uqukwe kummandla okhuselekileyo.
Ukuba uMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo alikwazi ukuvumelana nomnini-mhlaba apho ibhondi ibhaliswe ngaye okanye umntu onelo lungelo, uMphathiswa okanye iLungu lesiGqeba loLawulo linokuyiphelisa lo bhondi ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho yoKuhlutha, wowe 1975 uMthetho No.
iiPaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika zinokuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuphelisa lo bhondi kumhlaba wePaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika, okanye konelungelo lawo labucala okanye kulo mhlaba , obu, okanye ocetywa ukubhengezwa nje okanye ufakelelwe kwipaki yesozwe.
Ukuba iPaki ueSizwe yoMzantsi Afrika ayikwazi kufikelela kwisivumelwana nomnini-mhlaba enhaliswe ngaye ibhondi okanye lowo unelungelo lokuwugcina, uMphathiswa unokuthi endaweni yeePaki zeSizwe zoMzantsi Afrika okanye urhulumente ahluthe lo bhondi okanye abenelungelo ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho wokuHlutha ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho wokuHlutha , wowe 1975, uMthetho No.
a kwimali esetyenziselwe esi sizathu yiPalamente; okanye b yiNgxowa-mali yokuFumana uMhlaba woLondolozo-ndalo yeSizwe, ngokuvumelana naMaziko oLondolozo-ndalo eSizwe eMzantsi Afrika.
i imisebenzi eyochaphazela kakubi imimandla ekhuselekileyo ii ukusebenzisa amajelo eyantlukwano kweze ndalo kwimimandla ekhuselekileyo iii umhlaba osetyenziswa kwimimandla ekhuselekileyo eyingozi kokusingqongileyo e ukubonelela ngokusekwa kwekomiti ezicebisayo zemimandla ekhuselekileyo, ukuqeshwa kwamalungu neendima zawo f ukubeka izithethe nemigangatho yokuphatha imimandla ekhuselekileyo, kuquka nayiphi na imibandela elapha ngasentla, okanye g ukubonelela nangawuphi na omnye umbandela ofanelekileyo ekulungelelanisweni kokumiselwa kwaloMthetho.
a avalelwe ixesha elingagqithanga kwiminyaka emihlanu b isigwebo /umdliwo omfanelayo c zombini oko kugwetywa nalo fayini ukwandiswa kwamathuba uMphathiswa angalandisa, okanye angamamkeli umntu ongaphumelelanga ukuthobela amathuba lawo ngokwemigaqo yaloMtheth , ngaphandle kwexesha eliquka noMphathiswa.
c ephazamisana negunya eliphetheyo, ekwenzni imisebenzi yalo esemthethweni; okanye athethe into engekhoyo sithi ulilungu lestafu legunya eliphetheyo, okanye uyitoliki okanye umncedii wegosa elinjalo.
Nayiphi na enye into eyenziwe ngokwemigaqo yokuguzulwa kwemithetho ngokwecandelo 92 enokuthi yenziwe okanye emayenziwe ngokwemigaqo yaloMthetho mayithathwe ukuba yenziwe ngokwemigaqo yaloMthetho.
Lo Mthetho uza kubizwa njengowo kuLawulwa okuSingqongileyo kweSizwe: uMthetho woKukhusela iMimandla , wowe 2003, oza kuqalisa ngomhla oxelwe nguMongameli ngesihlokomiso.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IBHODI YEMITHETHO YEENKUNDLA ZOMTHETHO (2000).txt</fn>
Ngokwecandelo 14 lomThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, 2000 (UmThetho 2 ka-2000), igosa lolwazi leqela loluntu fanele luqulunqe ngaphakathi kangangelwimi ezintathu ezisemthethweni ubuncinane incwadi yokufundisa equlethe ulwazi oluthile oluchaziweyo.
Ibhodi yemiThetho yeeNkundla zemiThetho (iBhodi), izuza amandla ayo kwiBhodi yemiThetho yeeNkundla zomThetho womThetho, 1985 (UmThetho ka-1985) (umThetho). Ibhodi liqela loluntuelicgingelwayo kumhlathi (b) (ii) wenkcazelo "yeqela loluntu", ebizwa ngokuba liziko eliqhelisa amandla oluntu okanye elenza umsebenzi woluntu ngkwawo naluphi na uwiso-mthetho. Ibhodi ngako oko ilawula ufikelelo kumarekhodi wayo.
Ibhodi izinziswe licandelo 2 lomThetho.
a Ijaji yenkundla yomGaqo-siseko, eyona Nkundla iPhakamileyo yokuBhena okanye iNkundla ePhakamileyo njengomGcini-sihlalo.
b Ijaji okanye ijaji esele isidla umhlala phantsi yeNkundla yomGaqo-siseko, eyona Nkundla iPhakamileyo yokuBhena okanye iNkundla ePhakamileyo njengosekela-mgcini-sihlalo.
e Amagqwetha amabini aziqhelisayo.
g Igosa leSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko.
h Hayi ngaphezu kwabantu abathathu, ngembono zomPhathiswa wezoBulungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko, abane mfuneko yengxelo yobuchule ukuba basebenze njengamalungu eBhodi.
Iikomiti a Icandelo 5 lomThetho linikezelwa ukuzinzisa iikomiti zeBhodi. Kukho iindidi ezimbini: iikomoti ezonyulwe yiBhodi nezinamalungu eBhodi kuphela, neekomiti ezinamalungu eBhodi nabantu abonyulwe ngumPhathiswa abangengawo amalungu eBhodi. Injongo yodidi lwesibini kukusebenzisa ingxelo yobuchule yabantu abangengawo amalungu eBhodi nokuqinisekisa ubandakanyeko oluthe ngqo loluntu kwimisebenzi yeBhodi.
b Iikomiti zeBhodi zenza imisebenzi eyabelwe zona yiBhodi okanye ngumPhathiswa kwaye zixhomeke kulawulo lweBhodi.
inkqubo okanye malunga nawo nawuphina umbuzo ongqamene nengqondo wakhe nawuphi umntu neziphumo okanye imiyalelo enokuba yenziwe okanye ikhutshiwe kumbuzo onjalo.
xviii Uluhlu lwamaxabiso emirhumo ebizwa ngabammeli, amagqwetha nabantu abanamagunya ngokomthetho okungqinela amaxwebhu nengxelo efungelweyo.
xx Jikelele nawuphina umbandela onokuba yimfuneko okanye luncedo ukuba umiselwe ukulungiselela ukukhutshwa okufanelekileyo nokulawulwa kwemisebenzi yeNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, iiNkundla eziPhakamileyo neenkundla ezisezantsi eluntwini nakwinkqubo zobundlobongela.
cc ukuziqhelisa kunye nenkqubo zokubhekiselela ekulamleni nayo nayiphi na into evela ezinkqubeni ezinxulumana nebango laselwandle, kwaye unyulo, umvuzo nobungangamsha bomlamli.
c Ibhodi isengacebisa umPhathiswa ezimalini zolawulo lobulungisa beenkundla ezisezantsi, ukunyinwa kwamaxabiso omangalelwano nayo nayiphi na enye into ebhekiselele eBhodini ngumPhathiswa.
Ibhodi iyancediswa emisebnzini yayo liqumrhu lolawulo elisebenza ngokupheleleyo elinamagosa eSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko. Iqumrhu loLawulo livavanya kwaye liphanda izindululo neenkcazelo zemibandela yentobeko eBhodini nakwikomiti yayo, kwaye inikeza ngenkonzo yenkxaso yolawulo eBhodini.
a Umceli uza kunikwa ithuba lokurekhodisha kwiBhodi ukuba uyavumelana nazo zonke iimfuno zenkqubo yomThetho woLwaiz wokuFikelela eLuntwini nendlela kwelo rekhodi ayaliwa naphantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko zokwala ezixeliweyo kulo mThetho.
b Umceli makasebenzise iFomu A yeMimiselo epapashwe kwiGazethi kaRhulumente No.23119 yange-15 kweyoMdumba 2002. Iifomu ziyafumaneka kwigosa lolwazi leBhodi.
c Ukuba umceli akanakho ukubhala okanye ukufunda okanye unobulwelwe, umceli onjalo angenza isicelo ngomlomo. Igosa lolwazi leBhodi liza kuzalisa iFomu A enceda umceli onjalo kwaye amnike ikopi emveni koko.
Imirhumo ebhatalwayo yileyo imiselweyo kwiMimiselo. Iinkcukacha ziyafumaneka ngokwenza isicelo.
Njengoko kubonisiwe ngasentla, iBhodi inikwa iimbuyekezo zemithetho yeNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, iiNkundla eziPhakamileyo neenkundla ezisezantsi (iinkundla zomantyi). Iinkonzo zazo ngoko ke azinikezwa ngqo kumalungu oluntu, kodwa ngokungathanga ngqo ngokwenza inkqubo yobulungisa ibenokufikeleleka ngakumbi kubasebenzisi bayo. Amalungu oluntu okanye amaqela anomdla angangenisa iintobeko ezibhaliweyo eziphembelelayo ngokuphathelelene nembuyekezo yemithetho yeBhodi ukuba iqwalaselwe.
Amalungu oluntu okanye amaqela anomdla aza kwenza iinkcazelo ezibhaliweyo eziphembelelayo eziphathelelene nembuyekezo yemithetho yenkundla yeBhodi.
Iinkcazelo ezinjalo ziyaphandwa zilandela isazisi nenkqubo yokunika izimvo, apho uniko lwezimvo lumenywa kubo bonke abachaphazelekayo. Amalungu oluntu okanye amaqela anomdla enokhathalelo agcinwa ecetyiswa ngenkqubela- phambili okanye iyasondezwa ukulungiselela olunye uniko zimvo olungaphaya kwinkcazelo yakhe.
Umbandela ungeniswa kwiikomiti ezifanelekileyo zeBhodi ukulungiselela ukunconywa emveni koko kwiBhodi egcweleyo ukuthathelwa ingqalelo nesigqibo. Amalungu oluntu okanye amaqela anomdla anokhathalelo acetyiswa ngesigqibo seBhodi.
Ibhodi ayinazo iinkqubo zangaphakathi zokubhena kwaye iinkundla kokufanela zifikelelwe kwizinto ezithile apho iqela elisindanisiweyo linqwenela ukubhena ngokuchasene nesenzo seBhodi okanye ukungaphumeleli kweBhodi ekwenzeni. Kanti, akukho nto inqanda elo qela ekubuzeni iBhodi ukuba iphinde isicinge isigqibo sayo.
Xa kungoku akukho lwazi longezelelweyo olumiselweyo ngokwecandelo 92 eliza kubinisa apha.
Ngaokwecandelo 10 lomThetho woLwazi oKhuthaza ukuFikelela, iKhomishoni yamaLungelo oluNtu fanele iqulunqe kulwimi ngalunye olusemthethweni isikhokelo esiqulethe ulwazi olunjalo ngefomu nangendlela enokuqondwa, nenokufuneka ngesizathu ngumntu onqwenela ukuziqhelisa nalo naliphi na ilungelo elicingwa kulo mThetho.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IBHUNGA LOMZANTSI AFRIKA.txt</fn>
Yintoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngoobani amalungu eBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngabameli basePosini, Oonocanda nabenzi beemephu neBhodi yeelwimi, iPANSALB.
Kutheni kwafuneka iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo inegama elinye kuphela kwaye eli gama libhalwa ngendlela enye.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bayazidibanisa neemeko zembali, ezenkcubeko ezentlalo nezoqoqosho zamagama lawo.
Yintoni imisebenzi yeBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ukwenza lula kwaye landlale nezikhokelo zokuseka iKomiti ye Phondo yaMagama ezeLizwe kwiphondo ngalinye.
Ukwamkela, ukuphanda nokucebisa ngamagama amatsha ezelizwe acingiweyo nokutshintshwa kwamagama akhoyo angeniswe yiKomiti leyo yePhondo namanye amaqela ukuze uMphathiswa abe nokuwamkela.
Ukuqulunqa nokupapasha uludwe lwamagama amkelekileyo ngokwasemthethweni.
Zintoni iiKomiti zaMaphondo zaMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngamaqumrhu agunyaziswe nguMthetho ukuba abonisane nowonke-wonke, aphande kwaye enze izindululo ezingamagama ezelizwe eziya kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe. Ezi komiti zisebenza kunye neBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.
Ngoobani amalungu eeKomiti zaMaphondo zaMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngamanye amalungu onyulwe nguMphathiswa webhunga eliLawulayo, umzekelo iingcali zeelwimi, ezamagama ezelizwe nabezemephu, amalungu karhulumente wengingqi, iNdlu yeeNkokeli zeMveli, ukhenketho njalo najlo.
Yintoni imisebenzi yeKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe?
Kukulungisa amagama acingiweyo ukuze loo magama angeniswe kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.
Kukubonisana noogunyaziwe bengingqi nabanye abantu abachaphazelekayo.
Kukuqhakamshelana neBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.
Kukufundisa uwonke-wonke ngenkqubo yokuthiya iindawo.
Siyenza njani le nto yokunika amagama?
Inyathelo loku- 1: Chonga igama.
Inyathelo lesi- 2: Bonisana nabantu eliza kubachaphazela.
Inyathelo lesi- 3: Vumelana nabo.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Funa ifomu yokwenza isicelo kwiKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe.
Inyathelo lesi-5: Fumana lonke ulwazi olufunwa kule fomu, umzekelo; imvelaphi nentsingiselo yegama, nelesibini elikhethiweyo.
Inyathelo lesi- 6: Ngenisa ifomu kwiKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe.
Kwenzeka ntoni kwifomu?
IKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe iyangqina ukuba uwonke-wonke kuboniswene naye kwaye uyasivuma isindululo.
IKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe iyahlola ukuba igama liyahambelana na neemfuno zeBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMgama ezeLizwe ukuze ke ilithumele kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe liyalihlola igama ize ilibuyise okanye ilithumele kwiingcali ukuba ziliphande kwakhona.
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe lilidlulisela igama kuMphathiswa ukuba lamkelwe.
Igama elamkelweyo lipapashwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente.
Amagama angathathwa njengesibhengezo semveliso, senkonzo okanye somzi-mveliso.
Amagama abantu abaphilayo makaphetshwe.
Iindawo zezelizwe ezithiywe ngamagama abantu kufuneka zihambelane nezinga labantu abo (umzekelo, ukuthiya into engacacanga ngegama lomntu obalulekileyo kuzwelonke).
Imvume ebhaliweyo kufuneka ifunyanwe emntwini okanye kusapho lomntu lowo okanye kwiindlalifa , apho kunokwenzeka, phambi kokuba igama lomntu lisetyenziswe.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IBHUNGA LAMAGAMA E-JIYOGRAFI LOMZANTSI AFRIKA (2001).txt</fn>
Ukubuyekeza, ukulungisa kunye nokuguqula indlela yokuthiywa kwamagama ejiyografi eMzantsi Afrika.
Umphathiswa wezobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi kunye nobuChwephesha, u-Gqr Ben Ngubane waseka ngokoMthetho weNdlu Yowiso Mthetho (Umthetho No. 118 ka 1998) iBhunga laMagama eJirografi (SAGNC). I-SANGC ngumbutho osisigxina wengcebiso ocebisa uMphathiswa ngokuguqulwa kunye nokusekwa kwemigangatho yamagama ejiyografi eMzantsi Afrika. Oku kwenze ukuba abantu boMzantsi Afrika babenegalelo ukuze bangagqityelwa kwizinto ezichaphazela ubomi babo imihla ngemihla.
Inkululeko ngoku ifumanekile, ngoko ke lixesha lokuba abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bathathe inxaxheba yabo ekutshintshweni kwelizwe lethu ukuze libe yile nto sasiyilwela. Okokuqala kwimbali yethu neyelizwe lethu, abantu banikezelwe ithuba ukuba babe nelizwi ekuthiyweni kwamagama endawo zejiyografi. Kufanelekile ukuba sibonakalise ukuba ngokwenene isimo sahlukile ngoku, silishiye ngasemva ixesha lenkqubo yocalucalulo. Kufanelekile ukuba siyitshintshe imbonakalo yelizwe lethu ukuze singabonakali ngokungathi siyinxalenxe ye-Yurophu kwi-Afrika. Amanyathelo kufuneka athatyathwe ukuze siguqule onke amagama atenxileyo nathukayo, amagama asuka ngaphandle kweli akho kwamanye amazwe kunye nalawo abhalwe ngendlela ezingezizo.
Lo ngumkhomba-ndlela onikwe kuMphathiswa wethu wezobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi kunye nobuChwepheshe ukuba aqinisekisise oku kuyaphunyezwa. Ngoko ke kuluxanduva lwawo wonke umntu woMzantsi Afrika ukuqinisekisisa ukuba oku kuyenzeka kuphunyezwe njengoko oku kwakuba luphawu olubalulekileyo olwakubonisa inguquko kwilizwe lethu. Umzantsi Afrika unorhulumente owanyulwe sisininzi kwaye kufuneka abonakalise le nguquko kwinkalo zonke ezimngqongileyo. Kufanele ukuba aqhubeleke ngesantya esiphezulu njengala mazwe asebumelwaneni athi aseka isantya esiphezulu ukutshintsha nayiphi na into eya yibakhumbuza ngeminyaka yenkqubo zobukoloni kunye nengcinezelo.
Bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika ukusuka kumntu ngamnye ukuya kumaqela bakhululekile ukuba bafake izimvo ngokungamaxwebhu afumaneka kwiNtloko, Icandelo laMagama eJiyografi ezinze kwiSebe lobuGcisa, Inkcubeko, iNzululwazi kunye noBuchwepheshe, P/Bag X 894, Pretoria, 0001. Kulo maxwebhu abantu bakhululekile ukuba baphakamise amagama amatsha kwakunye noguqulo lwalawo akhoyo xa benabise izizathu zokwenza oko.
Le ngxelo ibandakanya ukusukela ekusekweni kweBhunga, de kube sekupheleni konyaka mali wokuqala ophelileyo.
Inkxaso yolawulo lweli Bhunga ithi yenziwe liSebe lobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi kunye noBuchwepheshe (I-DACST). Ekuqaleni yayiphantsi kwezandla zeeNkonzo zeLwimi zikaZwelonke ze-DACST. Iye yadluliselwa kulawulo lweCandelo laMafa le-DACST.
Izigqibo zeBhunga zingqinwa kwaye zigunyaziswe nguMphathiswa , kwaye abantu kunye namaziko angahambiselaniyo nezigqibo zeBhunga anokuthi atshutshiswe.
Ugcina unxulumano nabo banomdla kulo msebenzi.
Ulawula, acwangcise kwaye avavanye ubutyebi babasebenzi kunye nezimali zeQela laMagama eJiyografi.
Unika ingxelo kuMlawuli wezaMafa.
Uhlanganisa uphando kunye nopapasho.
Unika ingxelo kuMlawuli Oncedisayo (Oyintloko).
Ulawula yonke inkqubo yoVimba boLwazi.
Unika ingxelo kuMlawuli Oncedisayo (Oyintloko).
Unika ingxelo kuMlawuli Oncedisayo (Oyintloko).
Intlanganiso yoqeqesho nokuphuhliswa kwezakhono zamalungu eBhunga yabanjwa ngomhla we-6 Aprili 2000.
I-Bhunga lithathe indawo yeKomiti kaZwelonke yaMagama eeNdawo ebe icebisa urhulumente ngokuphunyezwa kwamagama eendawo ukusukela ngomnyaka ka-1940.
Okunye kokwahluka okubalulekileyo phakathi kweBhunga eli kunye nelo langaphambili elaliphambi kwalo kukuba, iBhunga eli linomkhomba-ndlela othe xaxe, liquka zonke intlobo zeempawu zejiyografi, kwaye lingathabatha amanyathelo ngokunokwalo ekuboneni oko kufuneka kuthiywe igama okanye kuguqulwe igama lako, ngaphezulu izigqibo elizithathileyo kufuneka ziphunyezwe nguMphathiswa, zaye zinokunyanzeliswa ngokwasemthethweni.
Linika ingqalelo kwiziphakamiso, nendlela zokwenza zehlabathi zoMbutho weZizwe eziManyeneyo, iBhunga liseke uchungechunge lwemigaqo kunye neenkqubo.
I-Bhunga linamandla olawulo kuwo onke amagama empawu zejiyografi nezinto ezikwimimandla apho urhulumente waseMzantsi Afrika anobunganga okanye ulawulo olunikwe zizibhambathiso.
nawo nawuphi na umba ongqalene noku ekufanele ukuba uthatyathelwe ingqalelo onokuthi ubonwe.
Uphawu ngalunye okanye into leyo kufanele ukuba ibe negama elinye.
amagama abantu abaphilayo.
Ukugqiba ngegama okanye amagama endawo kufuneka kunike ingqwalasela kwimbali ngaxesha linye nemiba yezelwimi, ukubalula kokunxibelelana, umoya woluntu kunye nomoya weSizwe.
Kwenziwe lula, kuthandekiswe kwaye kube nonxibelelwano ngenkqubo ezilandelwayo zokuseka imigangatho, kusetyenziswa okubhaliweyo kunye nonondaba beletroniki.
IBhunga lichonge ezi komiti zilandelayo. Ngaphezulu kwabo banyulwa kuqala, amanye amalungu aye afakelelwa kumaxesha athile.
Ukuseka imigangatho yopelo; ukuhlengahlengisa amagama amaninzi, amagama akhoyo angavunywanga ngokusemthethweni, kunye neminye imiba iBhunga elingagqiba ngayo.
Ukuqulunqa isimo sovimba wolwazi; ukuqokelela ulwazi; ukugqiba ngendlela yokuhlaziywa koku, ukunxibelelana nabanye oovimba bolwazi; ukufumanisa ngemfuno zabasebenzisi.
Ukwakha isiseko sabo banomdla; ukubamba intlanganiso zokusebenza zabafundi; ukuqulunqa iincwadi zoqeqesho; kunye nokuphuhliswa kwezakhono kumaphondo nakwindawo zasekuhlaleni.
Kwintlanganiso yomhla ka-7 ku-Aprili kwagqitywa ukuba kuhlanganiswe ikomiti encinane yonxibelelwano nonondaba kunye nopapasho nekomiti encinane yokwaziswa koluntu njengoko umsebenzi wezi komiti ube usengela thungeni linye. Ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2001 ikomiti encinane entsha yasekwa ukuphumeza ezi njongo kwachongwa uNkszn Dichabe njengombizi-ntlanganiso.
Ukuqulunqa indlela yokwenza iphulo; ukujongana nomba wokusekwa koSuku lukaZwelonke lwaMagama eJografi; ukuphawula uthungelwano lwe-NGO ne-CBO kunye namanye amaqela ekujoliswe kuwo.
Ukupapasha izigqibo kunye nolwazi olululo; ukuthatha uxanduva lokuvelisa igazethi, usasazo ngeletroniki kunye nengxelo yonyaka yeBhunga.
Iqulunqe indlela yokuziphatha; iphakamise indlela zokusebenza kweBhunga ngokunxulumene namaphondo, namaziko asekuhlaleni; kwaye ihlengahlengise imigaqo kunye nonkqubo zokusekwa kwemigangatho yamagama ejiyografi.
Ezi ncwadi ziqulathe inkqubo zilandelayo ziye zaphunyezwa liBhunga.
Le ilawula ukubakho ezintlanganisweni kunye nenkqubo elandelwayo kwiintlanganiso kwaye nokuziphatha kakuhle ngokobizo nanjengamalungu.
Le yincwadi esisiseko sokuba iBhunga lifuna ukusebenza njani na. Iquka imiba enjengezivumelwano zomsebenzi, imisebenzi, inqila zolawulo, inkqubo kunye nemigaqo, uqulunqo lomsebenzi kunye nezimali.
NgokoMthetho enye yenjongo zeBhunga kukuququzelela ukusekwa kweeKomiti zaMagama eJografi zamaPhondo. Ezi komiti kufanele ukuba zisekwe ngamaSebe amaPhondo anoxanduva lobuGcisa neNkcubeko emva kokungqubana intloko kunye neBhunga. IBhunga liseke uthotho lwezikhokhelo zokuseka ezi komiti.
Ezi zikhokhelo zinika iziphakamiso ngezakhiwo zamaziko kunye nobume nobungakanani bekomiti zamaphondo, iziphakamiso ngokoxanduva nemisebenzi, kunye neziphakamiso ngokudalwa kwamaqela amagama ejiyografi amaphondo akunika inkxaso yabaqeshwa kwiikomiti.
Ezi zikhokhelo zakulawula umsebenzi weBhunga ekuhlengahlengiseni amagama aphunyezwe ngaphambili kunye nalawo akhoyo angazange aphunyezwa liBhunga.
Kuyo nganye intlanganiso iBhunga liphonononga uludwe lwamagama anikezelweyo ukuba aphunyezwe yiposi, oorhulumente bendawo, abaphuhlisi bezakhiwo nemihlaba kunye namanye amaqela anomdla.
Umqwalasela unikwa kakhulu kwindlela yokubhala igama ngokwendlela ephunyeziweyo yokulipela eyiyo esuka kwingcambu zolwimi, kananjalo ingqalelo iyanikezelwa kwimeko ezinjengembali yokuthiwa kophawu olo, ukuphindaphindwa kwamagama, ukukhokhelela ekuthintilizeni, ukungabinambonakalo intle, kunye nobude obungaphaya.
IBhunga liqinisekisisa okokuba lifumana kwaye lishicilela ulwazi ngento leyo ithiywa igama, kuquka intlanganisela ezithile zejografi, intsusa kunye nontsingiselo yegama elo, kunye nenkcukacha zalowo uze nolo lwazi.
Amanye amagama aphindiselwa umva ukuze kwenziwe uphando olungaphaya okanye ulungiso.
Lakube iBhunga liliphumezile igama linikezelwa kuMphathiswa ukuze aliphumeze njengomntu wokugqibela ze emva koko lipapashwe kwi-Gazethi ka Rhulumente.
Uludwe lwamagama aphunyeziweyo nasele efakwe kwi-Gazethi anikezelwe kwisihlomelo kule ngxelo.
Isebe lobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi kunye nobuChwepheshe linoxanduva lokuseka nokusebenza uvimba wolwazi kazwelonke wamagama aphunyeziweyo ngokohlobo lwe-Dijithali ukuhlangabezana nomyalelo eliwunike iQumrhu.
Uvimba wolwazi okhoyo weBhunga loPhando ngeNzululwazi zoLuntu sele efunyenwe liSebe lobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi kunye nobuChwepheshe.
Ingxelo yeKomiti eNcinane yoVimba woLwazi iphakamise ukuba aba vimba bolwazi basetyenziswe njengethala lokubhenela xa kusakhiwa uvimba omtsha wolwazi lwamagama aphunyeziweyo ejiyografi.
Izikhokhelo, indlela zokusebenza kunye nokuncikane okuyimfuneko kuvimba wolwazi kazwelonke sele zizotyiwe, okuya kuthi kuhlangabezane nemfuno zeBhunga kwaye kube kumgangatho wehlabathi wogcino lwazi kunye neminye imimiselo engqaleni nobuncikane obufunekayo kumabakala emigca yekhompuyutha enqumlezayo yolwazi, njengoko kusekwe ziNkomfa zeZizwe eziManyeneyo ngokuSekwa kweMigangatho yaMagama eJiyografi. Isivumelwano sele kufikelelwe kuso ngezi hloko zemigca yekhompuyutha ehlayo kunye nenani lemigca yolwazi yekhompuyutha efunekayo kuthotho olunye lwamagama ejografi ohlobo lwe-dijithali kwinkqubo ye-MS Access.
Ukuze kusekwe uvimba wolwazi wamagama aphunyeziweyo kazwelonke weBhunga, oovimba abaliqela kuza kufuneka bekhangelwe ukulungiselela uphando kunye nokupela. Oku kuza kufuna inkqubo eqhubelekayo yovavanyo nokuhlola, ngenxa yokuba ulwazi kushicilelo ngalunye lwalungasoloko luphelele, lungqinelana okanye luthe ngqo nexesha ekulilo. Ukuhlelwa, uphando, ukulandelela umsebenzi wophando owenziwa kwindawo ezingaphandle kwe-ofisi kunye nokungqinisisa ulwazi olufumanekileyo kuya kufuneka wenziwe ngabasebenzi bezophando kunye nenkxaso, mhlawumbi bengqubana intloko kunye nabanye abaphandi neengcaphephe zamagama ejografi.
Ngomhla wama-6 Disemba abasebenzi abathathu beqela loonobhala bafumene uqeqesho olusisiseko ngokusekwa nokugcinwa kovimba wolwazi weBhunga.
IBhunga liqalisile ukuhlengahlengisa amagama angazange ngaphambili anikezelwe ukuze aphunyezwe. Amagama asiseko sawo sinobuhlanga sele edluliselwe kogunyaziwe abangqalene nawo kunye noluntu ukuba baphawule ngawo nokuba bacebise angafakelelwa endaweni yawo.
Uhlelo lwesine lobhalo lokuqala olwandulela ukuphunyezwa lweziKhokhelo zeToponimiki loMzantsi Afrika oluqulunqwe liQela leNgcaphephe zaMagama eJografi zeZizwe eziManyeneyo lwanikezelwa yi-UNGEGN kwiBhunga ngo-Meyi ka-2000. Ezi zikhokhelo zibandakanya upelo ngokukuko kwamagama oMzantsi Afrika kunye nokusetyenziswa kwalo kumagama ejografi. Ibhunga lenze izihlomelo kolu bhalo lokuqala olwandulela ukuphunyezwa kwaye sele lufakwe kumaQela eeLwimi kaZwelonke asekwe yiBhodi yeeLwimi yoMzantsi Afrika likhatshwa sisicelo sokuba imigaqo yopelo ngokukuko mayibekwe kwizinga lobhalo-ncwadi olukumgangathweni osekiweyo.
Njengeqela likazwelonke iBhunga lamaGama eJografi loMzantsi Afrika phakathi kolunye luthweswe uxanduva lokuququzelela ukusekwa kweeKomiti zaMagama eJografi kumaPhondo (PNGC). NgokomThetho wama-118 ka-1998 igatyana u-9 iBhunga kufuneka liseke izikhokhelo zemigaqo yokusebenza yeeKomiti zamaGama eJografi zamaPhondo kunye noorhulumente basekhaya kwindawo zabo zolawulo.
IBhunga liqulunqa iindlela zokufezekisa lombono oyakuthi uquke iiKomiti zamaGama eJografi kumaPhondo eziyilwayo.
IBhunga sele likhe lanxibelelana neCandelo lezoNxibelelwano le-DACST ngokuphuhliswa kwale ndlela yokupapashwa kwale mveliso yeQumrhu kunye nokusasazwa kolwazi ngemisebenzi esuka kumntu iye komnye kwakunye neendaba ezibhaliweyo neze-elektroniki.
IBhunga lifumana imibuzo kunye nezicelo ngemiba emininzi kumaqela karhulumente, amaqela anomdla kunye nabantu. Lo mdla wamkelekile, kwaye iBhunga liyiqwalasela yonke le mibuzo kangangoko linako. Kodwa amaxa amaninzi le mibuzo idla ngokuba ngaphaya komsebenzi ogunyaziswe iBhunga, okanye yakhiwe ngendlela yokuba ayinako ukusetyenzwa. Kukho ithemba lokuba lakuthi ukuqala kwalo iphulo lokufundisa uluntu udliwano-ndlebe phakathi kweBhunga kunye nabo banomdla luphucuke.
Usihlalo kunye/okanye usekela sihlalo baya kuba ngabameli beBhunga abasemthethweni kwizwelonke nakwinqanaba sehlabathi kwaye bakunika ingxelo kwiBhunga.
Le ngenene yayingumvula-mehlo, ngakumbi kumalungu amatsha eQumrhu njengoko yayikokokuqala yaye ikoko kuqala ukuba baveliswe kwimigangatho yehlabathi ngokunxulumene namagama ejografi. Kukule ntlanganiso apho bathe bafunda ngoxanduva lweekomiti zamagama kwihlabathi jikelele.I-UNGEGN njengombutho wehlabathi useka izikhokhelo kunye nenkqubo zokusebenza ekufuneka zilandelwe phantse zizo zonke iikomiti zamagama eendawo kwihlabathi. Kwagxininiswa ukuba amagama angaphandle kwelizwe akufunekanga ukuba athathelwe ingqalelo ngaphezulu kulawo omthonyama. Le yaphawulwa njengengxaki yehlabathi ngenxa yezizathu zopolitiko kunye nembali. Ngaphaya koko kwakuchulumancisa ukubona ukuba amazwe amaninzi athathe amanyathelo abonakalayo ukulungisa le meko. Le yabonwa njengomceli-mngeni obalulekileyo ojongene nelizwe lethu njengoko ligcwele ngamagama ejiyografi angaphaphandle kweli enza ukuba kubenzima ukwahlula nokuba lise-Yurophu okanye e-Afrika.
Kukule ntlanganiso apho uMzantsi Afrika uye wacelwa ukuba ukhwebe indibano yeQela lamazwe e-Afrika eseMazantsi kwaye uzame ukuvuselela indlela zokwenza ze-UNGEGN kula mazwe. Iqela laMazwe e-Afrika eseMazantsi lenziwe ngala mazwe alandelayo: i-Zambia, i-Malawi, i-Zimbabwe, i-Mozambique, i-Angola, i-Namibia, i-Lesotho, i-Swaziland kunye noMzantsi Afrika. Lo myalelo akukahlangatyezwana nawo njengoko sisaqukeza sitshayela apha ekhaya.
Le ntetho ibhaliweyo iphakamisa amagama ejiyografi akhoyo kwamanye amazwe ehlabathi athi anyanzeliswa kwilizwe lethu ngelixa kujongelwa phantsi lawo omthonyama. Amagama omthonyama anentsingiselo ngokwembali kunye namafa abantu bomthonyama boMzantsi Afrika; ngoko ke ukuwasusa kuthetha ukususa inkcubeko yabantu kunye namafa abo.
Imisebenzi emibini ebalulekileyo yeBhunga kunyaka walo wokuqala ibe kukutshayelela amabala umsebenzi okufuneka wenziwe kwikamva, kunye nokuqhubekeka ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa umsebenzi weKomiti yeSizwe yamaGama eeNdawo eyandulelayo.
Inkqubo zokusebenza zeBhunga sele zikhona. imiGaqo neenkqubo zeBhunga sele zisekiwe, kwaye amanqwanqwa asisiseko okuphunyezwa kwamagama amatsha nohlengahlengiso lwalawo akhona sele ephawuliwe. Iqalo sele lenziwe ngokuhlengahlengiswa kwamagama akhoyo angekaphunyezwa. Izikhokhelo ngokusekwa kweKomiti zamaPhondo sele zizotyiwe, kwaye neenkqubo zokuseka ezi Komiti zisendleleni. Indlela yopapasho kunye nokufundiswa koluntu sele icwangcisiwe.
Oovimba apho uvimba weletroniki aza kusekelwa khona kunye nemo yoku sele igqityiwe. Oovimba sele befunyenwe kwaye uqeqesho sele lunikiwe kumalungu eQela lamaGama eJografi le-DACST.
Amalungu eBhunga afudula engeqhelananga nemiba yobungcali equlathwe kukuseka imigangatho yamagama ejiyografi abenonyaka onesivuno ngokufikelela kwimvano kunye nokuqonda ukuba ungantoni na umsebenzi weBhunga kunye negalelo lalo kwintsingiselo yenguqu yoMzantsi Afrika.
Inani lamagama alinde ukuphunyezwa liye lanyuka ngelixa lotshintsho logama iBhunga elitsha lalisekwa. Iqumrhu liye laphinda lasizuza isingqi somzebenzi kwaye liphumeze inani elivisayo lamagama amatsha. Njengoko uninzi lwawo ibe ingaweziseko zeposi, iBhunga lithe ngale ndlela lanika inkxaso kwiphulo lokunaba leposi.
Mna, Baldwin Sipho Ngubane, uMphathiswa wobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi kunye nobuChwepheshe, ndiphumeze ngokusemthethweni la magama eendawo alandelayo ngengcebiso zeKomiti kaZwelonke yamaGama eeNdawo ngomhla wama-9 Juni 2000.
Mna , Baldwin Sipho Ngubane, uMphathiswa wobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi kunye nobuChwepheshe, ndiphumeze ngokusemthethweni la gama alandelayo eendawo ngengcebiso zeBhunga lamaGama eJografi eMzantsi Afrika ngomhla we-14 Matshi ka- 2000.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IFOM 1.txt</fn>
ISAZISO siyanikwa sokuba uMfaki sicelo ufuna ukufaka isicelo sophengululo lobulungisa sesi senzo solawulo silandelayo ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 6 lokuPhakanyiswa komThetho woLawulo lwezobuLungisa wesi-3 ka-2000.
a Umfaki sicelo unolu lungiso lwangaphakathi lulandelayo.
b Akukho lungiso lwangaphakathi lumiselweyo.
c Isicelo siyakwenziwa ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 72c lomThetho ukukhuphela ngaphandle umfaki sicelo kwimfanelo yokugqiba lonke ulungiso lwangaphakathi kwimiba ebekwe kwingxelo efungelweyo ehlonyelwe apha.
Umfaki sicele uthathe...
apha umfaki sicelo makafake idilesi ekwiikhilomitha ezisi-8 zenkundla esi sicelo sisiwa kuyo apho ayakwamkela kuyo isaziso nenkonzo yazo zonke iinkqubo zokuxoxa.
b axele ukuba khona kwazo naziphi na iirekhodi, mhlawumbi ngohlobo lweletroniki okanye ngenye indlela, zeenkqubo ezikhokelela ekuthathweni kwesigqibo esimisela isenzo solawulo kuqukwa nakuphi na ukuxoxwa okwandulela eso sigqibo; kunye c nokuxela ukuba ingaba izizathu zesenzo solawulo zinikiwe na ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 51 lomThetho, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ukuhlonyelwa kwekopi yezo zizathu okanye ukuba ngaba akukho zizathu zinikweyo ezichaza izizathu zesenzo solawulo.
Qaphela: Umfaki sicelo uyakuba nelungelo kwiintsuku ezili-15 zokuhanjiswa kwengxelo efungelweyo lokuba ahlole kwaye enze iikopi okanye amamele nayiphi na irekhodi kwaye anikwe okukhutshelweyo kwerekhodi enjalo ukuba ngaba umfaki sicelo ufuna njalo. Iindleko zokukhutshelweyo ziyakukhutshwa ngumfaki sicelo kwaye ziyakubakhona iindleko. Kwiintsuku ezili-15 zohlolo olunjalo kunye nokufunyanwa kokukhutshelweyo, nokuba yeyiphi eze mva, umfaki sicelo unelungelo lokufayila nokuhambisa ingxelo efungelweyo eyongezelelweyo.
a kwiintsuku ezili-10 zokuhanjiswa kwayo nayiphi na ingxelo efungelweyo enjalo eyongezelelweyo okanye ekupheleni kwexesha lokuhanjiswa kwefayile yengxelo efungelweyo enjalo ahambise isaziso senjongo yokuchasa kwaye kwisaziso esinjalo afune idilesi ekwiikhilomitha ezisi-8 ukusuka kwi-ofisi yombhalisi okanye umabhalane wenkundla apho onke amaxwebhu angaphaya anokuhanjiswa khona; kwaye b kwiintsuku ezili-15 emva koko afayile kwaye ahambise iingxelo ezifungelweyo iqela elinokuzifuna ukuphendula kwizityholo ezenziwe ngumfaki sicelo.
Ukuba ngaba umlawuli uyasilela ukuhambisa kunye nokufayila ingxelo efungelweyo emiselweyo kumhlathi 5 ngasentla ngexesha elimisiweyo kuloo mhlathi, umfaki sicelo, ngokwemigqaliselo yomthetho 3 unokufaka isicelo somyalelo, ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 8 (a) lomThetho, eyalela umlawuli ukuba athobele.
Kwisaziso esingaphaya ummangalelwa uyakubizwa ukuba abonise isizathu sokuba kutheni isenzo solawulo masingaphengululwa kwaye kunikwe nomyalelo njengoko kubonisiwe kwisaziso sesicelo okanye umyalelo onjalo unikwe njengofanelekileyo nonobulungisa.
Kwisehlo sokuba ummangalelwa (umlawuli) asilele ukuhambisa kwaye afayile isaziso senjongo yokuchasa isicelo, umfaki sicelo unokuwubeka phantsi umcimbi ukuba uxoxwe kwaye inkundla iyakuwumisela umcimbi engekho ummangalelwa.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IFOM 3.txt</fn>
QAPHELA NGOKUNGAPHAYA ukuba umfaki sicelo ufune le dilesi ilandelayo apho aya kwamkela khona inkonzo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamaxwebhu kuzo zonke iinkqubo.
Misela idilesi ekwiikhilomitha ezisi-8 zenkundla esi sicelo esiphuma kuyo apho umfaki sicelo ayakwamkela isaziso kunye nenkonzo yazo zonke iinkqubo.
QAPHELA NGOKUNGAPHAYA ukuba, ukuba ngaba ufuna ukusichasaa esi sicelo kufunwa wazise umfaki sicelo ngokuchasa kwakho ngokubhalwe phantsi ngo okanye ngaphambi ko...
Faka umhla ongekho ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezi-5 emva kwenkonzo yesicelo kummangalelwa.
QAPHELA NGOKUNGAPHAYA ukuba, kwiintsuku ezili-15 zokwazisa umfaki sicelo ngeenjongo zakho zokuchasa, kufuneka ufayile kwaye uhambise nayiphi na ingxelo efungelweyo ephendulayo kunye nawo nawaphi na amaxwebhu afunekayo.
Qaphela: Umfaki sicelo kwiintsuku ezili-10 uyakuba nelungelo lokufayila nokuhambisa nayiphi na ingxelo efungelweyo ephendulayo, umfaki sicelo unokuhambisa nayiphi na ingxelo efungelweyo ephendulayo. Inkundla ngokwengqiqo yayo inokuvumela ukufayilwa kweengxelo ezifungelweyo ezingaphaya.
Qaphela: Apho kungekho saziso okanye ngxelo efungelweyo ihanjisiweyo kwixesha elinikiweyo ngokwemigqaliselo yomthethwana 6(a) okanye apho khona ingxelo efungelweyo ephendulayo ihanjisiweyo okanye ixesha lokuhambisa ingxelo efungelweyo enjalo ngokwemigqaliselo yomthethwana liphelileyo, umfaki sicelo kwiintsuku ezi-5 emva koko unokufaka isicelo kumbhalisi okanye umabhalane wenkundla, njengoko kunokufuneka kwimeko enjalo, amisele umhla wokuxoxwa kwesicelo: ngaphandle kokuba umfaki sicelo uyasilela ukufaka isicelo ngelo xesha nawuphi na ummangalelwa unokukwenza ngoko nangoko oko ekupheleni kwexesha leentsuku ezi-5. Isaziso esibhaliweyo somhla onikwe ngumbhalisi siyakunikwa umfaki sicelo okanye ummangalelwa, njengoko kunokufuneka kwimeko enjalo, kuwo onke amanye amaqela.
ISAYINWE e ngolu ...suku ...20...
idilesi uMbhalisi okanye uMabhalane weNkundla.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IFOM YESI-2.txt</fn>
Uphengululo lwesenzo solawulo esichazwe kwisaziso sesicelo sifunwa phantsi kwale miba ilandelayo. (Ngqinisisa kwicandelo 6 lomThetho.)...
Iinyani kunye neemeko athembele kuzo umfaki sicelo ukuxhasa isicelo zingoku kulandelayo. (Ukumisa ingxelo ecacileyo nemfutshane yemiba eyinyani ngokulandelelana kwamaxesha.)...
Qaphela: (i) Iikopi zawo nawaphi na amaxwebhu ekubhekiselelwe kuwo kufuneka zihlonyelwe.
Iingxelo ezifungelweyo zabantu abanokuxela iinyani ngokuxhaswa kwesicelo sophengululo kufuneka kubhekiselwe kuzo kwaye zihlonyelwe.
Ingxelo yeenyani ezibonakalayo mazicazululwe ngokwaneleyo ukwenzela ukuba naliphi na iqela elichasayo liphendule izityholo.
APHO umfaki sicelo afuna umyalelo oxeliweyo kwisaziso sesindululo.
NDIYAQINISEKISA ukuba iNgqina livumile ukuba liyakwazi kwaye liyakuqonda okuqulethwe kule ngxelo ifungelweyo esayinwe kwaye yafungelwa phambi kwam ngolu ...suku lwe ...200.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IGUNYA LOLAWULO NOMTHETHO WOKULINGANA.txt</fn>
Igunya lolawulo kukusebenzisa igunya ekuhlaleni. Igunya lokulawula kuphathelene nezigqibo zopolitiko, ukucwangciswa kwezentlalo nezoqoqosho nokusekwa, ukuphathwa nemisebenzi yamagunya namaziko oluntu.
Ukungalingani ngokwesini nocalucalulo kuhleli kuzinze kumagunya, izithethe nendlela yokubona izinto zabahlali. Imithetho, nemigaqo-nkqubo neekqubo zikarhulumente zingacela umngeni kucalucalulo zikhuthaze ukulingana. Ukungalingani ngokwesini nocalucalulo luzinzile kumagunya, izithethe nendlela abasekuhlaleni abazibona ngayo izinto. Imithetho, nemigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo zikarhulumente zingacela umngeni kucalucalulo kwaye zikhuthaze ukulingana. Kanti kwabona bangaphinda bayikhuthaze bayizinzise imeko yokubaluleka kwamandla esidoda nendlela esisetyenziswa ngayo isini baxinzelele ukubangasezantsi kwesidima sabafazi ekuhlaleni.
Ukumanyana kwemicimbi yesini emthethweni, imigaqo karhulumente neenkqubo neendlela zokwenza, izinto ezenziwayo namaziko karhulumente ayafuneka ukuze ukulingana ngokwesini kuphumelele.
Kwamkelekile jikelele ukuba ukufikelela nokuthatha inxaxheba kwabafazi kuyo yonke imigangatho ekuthathwa kuyo izigqibo lilungelo elingundoqo; kwaye ukuze abafazi babenegalelo ekuthathweni kwezigqibo, kufuneka babe ngumthamo ovakalayo kubulungu baloo magunya.
Ukudityaniswa kweembono ngesini emthethweni, kwiinkqubo zoluntu, kwiinkqubo neeprojekthi.
Ikomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini - lelinye lamaZiko kaRhulumente aXhasa uMgaqo-siseko weNtando yoNinzi akwisahluko 9 ecetyiswa kwicandelo 181 loMgaqo-siseko. Yasekwa ngo-Epreli 1997 ngokumalunga noMthetho weKomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini 39 wowe 1996.
IOfisi yeSidima sabaFazi - ikwiofisi kaMongameli kwaye iiofisi zamaphondo nazo kufanele zibe kwii-ofisi zeeNkulumbuso. Ilikhonkco elibalulekileyo phakathi kwezinto urhulumente azimisele ukuzenza, ukulingana ngokwesini nokwenziwa kwezicwangciso zikarhulumente. Owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo wale ofisi kukuququzelela, ukwenza kube lula ukusebenza nokuqinisekisa ukwenziwa komgaqo nkqubo wesini ngurhulumente. Ikwanoxanduva lokujonga ukuba ingaba urhulumente usebenza ngokwezixhobo zokwenza oku zehlabathi ezifana neCEDAW.
IQela labaFazi lasePalamente - lenziwe ngabafazi abasepalamente bamaqela ngamaqela abakulawulo lwesizwe. Imisebenzi yalo ibandakanya phakathi kweminye, ukuncedisa abafazi abasePalamente ukuba baxoxe kwaye bamanyane kwimicimbi yesini, kwaye baqinisekise ukuguquka kwePalamente ibonise ukumelwa nangabafazi kumagunya ayo.
IKomiti yoBumbano eMiselwe ukuPhucula uMgangatho woBomi neSidima sabaFazi - inamalungu avela kwiNdibano yeSizwe nakwiQumrhu lamaPhondo eSizwe Ngokubanzi, indima yeeKomiti eziMiselweyo kulawulo lwesizwe kukuqinisekisa urhulumente osebenzayo nowenza izinto elubala nokwenza uluntu lubenegalelo kwinkqubo yolwakhiwo mthetho. Banoxanduva ngezinto angazibonanga amasebe karhulumente baze baqwalasele imithetho eyenziwa ngamasebe.
Indlela aphumelele ngayo urhulumente ukulinganisa ngokwesini, uMzantsi Afrika ngoku uyinombolo ye-11 ehlabathini liphela ekubeni nabafazi abangabameli ePalamente.
Ukuzimisela kukarhulumente ekubeni nabameli abangabafazi kuyabonakala kwiKhabhinethi apho inani labafazi abangabaPhathiswa beKhabhinethi linyukileyo ukusuka kwi-15% ngowe 1994 ukuya kuma-28% ngowe 1999 laza laya kuma-40% ngowe 2004. Oku kumelwa ngabafazi kunyukileyo kuyabonakala nakumaphondo apho kuthe kunyulo luka 2004 iiNkulumbuso ezi-4 zangabafazi kwezili 9 xa zizonke.
Ukuzimisela kwabo bonke abafazi namadoda ukuseka ukulingana ngokwesini eMzantsi Afrika.
Imeko yokuhla koqoqosho kubafazi, ngakumbi abangamahlwempu nabafazi basezilalini abamnyama, ayikatshintshi konke kwaye kusashiyeke isikhewu phakathi kokuphumelela kwezopolitiko nomthetho neyona nyaniso ngobomi babafazi. Amaxesha amaninzi izithethe zasekuhlaleni nezimo zentlalo ezikhonyayo zenza umda obonakalyo ekubeni konwatyelwe amalungelo amiselwe ngumthetho.
Iindlela ekubonwa ngazo nezithethe zakudala, ezikhuthazwayo ngeendlela ezahlukileyo lisiko, isimo sentlalo, inkolo nangonondaba.
ITshata yaseAfrika yamaLungelo abaNtu noLuntu.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IIMPEMBELELO KWIINTSAPHO.txt</fn>
ukuqiniseka, ukusebenza kunye nokuziphuhlisa uziqhelanisa nokuninzi kuba usiba mdala inokuba ziziphumo zenkuthalo yabantu abadala ngokwabo, ngenxa yenani labo elikhulayo kunye nefuthe labo.
Inani elikhulayo leentsapho ezichatshazelwa ngubhubhane we-HIV/AIDS lichaphazela abantu abadala. Iziphumo zesibetho se-HIV/AIDS zikwaphazamisa izakhiwo zeentsapho. Inani elikhulayo labantwana baba zinkedama ngokusweleka kwabazali babo ngenxa yezifo ezinxulumene ne-HIV/AIDS. Oku kushiya kuphela abantu abadala ukuba babakhathalele. Abantu abadala kwiintsapho ezichatshazelwe ngubhubhane we-HIV/AIDS baye bazifumane benoxanduva olukhulu lokukhathalela amalungu agulayo okanye aswelekayo ngokunjalo noxanduva lokukhathalela abazukulwana babo abaziinkedama.
Kuhlala kuthathwa ngokuba iintsapho ezosulelwe/ezichatshazelwe sisibetho se-HIV/AIDS ziyakwqzi ukukhathalela amalungu azo agulayo. Izigulane ze-HIV/AIDS zifuna impilo, amandla, izibonelelo zezimali kunye nokuzibophelela okuluqilima bokuhamba umgama ongaphaya ukufumana oku.
Iziqinisekiso zokuzalwa zabazukulwana babo. (Le yingxaki eqhelekileyo yabantu abadala abakwimimandla yasemaphandleni ekufuneka bakhathalele abazukulwana babo, ingakumbi abo bantwana bebehlala ezidolophini okanye kumazwe angabamelwane).
Ibala elibekwa abantu abasweleke ngenxa ye-HIV/AIDS luluntu likwakhulisa ubunzima bomntu omdala ekubeni ajongane nokusweleka kwamalungu akhe osapho. Umzekelo abantu abadala ekufuneka basebenze ngabantwana abaziqhelanisa nendawo entsha ngaphandle kwabazali babo.
Abantu abadala ngabakhathaleli ngokwendalo kwaye kufuneka banikwe isiseko senkxaso efunekayo ukuze babe nako ukumelana noxanduva olongezelelweyo lokukhathalela amalungu osapho agulayo kunye nabazukulwana babo abaziinkedama, ingakumbi ngenxa ye-HIV/AIDS.
Kubalulekile ukubaqonda abantu abadala ngokufaka kwabo isandla kuqoqosho lwelizwe ngezandla zabo kunye nokukhathalela abazukulwana ababo xa abazali babo bengekho besemisebenzini okanye beswelekile ngenxa yobhubhane we-HIV/AIDS.
Iinkonzo zeengcebiso kwiintsapho ezichatshazelwe ngubhubhane we-HIV/AIDS. Oku kwenziwa ngokuxhasa izakhiwo ezisekelwe kuluntu, ezisebenza, ngamalungu eentsapho onzakele emiphefumlweni.
Ukusasazwa kolwazi ngeencwadana ezineengcebiso ezinokwenzeka zokuba ungafikelela njani na kwinkxaso yemali kunye nokwazi amalungelo akho njengomxhamli.
Icandelo lezoshishino, uluntu, imiButho esekelwe kwinkolo kunye nengekho phantsi kukaRhulumente nayo ikwancedile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iinkonzo kubemi abaneemfuno.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IINDAWO ZOKUGCINA EZOMTHETHO.txt</fn>
INdawo yokugcina yezomThetho yimfanelo yesemthethweni ekufaneleke ukuba uMpapashi womAfrika (okanye abavelisi) bazo zonke iindidi zamaxwebhu, kubandakanya upapasho lwezo zivakala ngesandi zikwabonwa nangamehlo, kufuneka babeke kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo zomthetho, inani elithile leekopi zamaxwebhu abo apapashiweyo. Yinkqubo yezwe lonke ukuba oorhulumente bafune abaphuhlisi/abavelisi bazo zonke iindidi zamaxwebhu apapashiweyo ukuba bawangenise lo maxwebhu. Kungoku nje izizwe kwilizwe liphela ajonga ngokutsha ekwenza izilungiso zemithetho yawo yezingeniso zezomthetho ukulungiselela ukubaluleka okukhulayo kosasazo ngesandi nokubona kwanolo lusebenza ngombane.
Injongo yokubekwa kwezomthetho kukuqokolela, ukugcina nokwenza ukuba la maxwebhu aqulathe ubungqondi nezinto ezilixabiso zenkcubeko yesizwe, afumaneke kwabo bawasebenzisayo nabo baya kuwasebezisa kwixa elizayo.
Indawo zokugcina zezomthetho zaqala kweli loMzantsi Afrika ngowe-1842 xa uMthetho waseBritane welungelo lokukopa wawubekwa kwilizwe leBritane xa lilonke.
UWiso-Mthetho lwaqhubekela phambili ngoMthetho weLungelo lokukopa lowe-1965 kunye noMthetho wukubekwa/ukugcinwa kwezoMthetho eziPapashiweyo ngowe-1982. UMthetho omiyo wokubekwa kwezoMthetho (UMthetho 54 ka- 1997) wamiselwa ngomhla woku- 1 kuJulayi wowe- 1998. UMthetho UMthetho lo ulungiselela ukubekwa kweencwadi, iimagazini namanye amaxwebhu aqulethe iinkcukacha zolwazi njengefilimu, ividiyo, iiCD, kunye neeDVD ezipapashwe okanye ziveliswe kweli loMzantsi Afrika, kwakunye nezo ziveliswe ngaphandle kweli ngenjongo yokuba zisetyenziswe kweli loMzantsi Afrika. UMthetho unomhlaba obanzi wowiso mthetho olungiselela ukubekwa lenani elithile leekopi, isakhiwo nomgangatho wazo, inkcukacha ezifunwa kubapapashi nabavelisi, ixesha emazingeniswe ngalo iikopi namanyathelo amawathathelwe abapapashi nabavelisi abaphul'umthetho.
Uxwebhu yiyo nantonina esetyenziselwa ukugcina okanye ukugqithisa ulwazi ngokulubhala, ngemizobo, ngemiboniso, ngokuvakalisa endlebeni okanye ngeendlela ezizezinye zosasazo.
Ngamaxwebhu aveliselwe ukuba afumaneke kuluntu jikelele.
olujoliswe ekubeni lunikwe lusasazwe kuluntu gabalala loMzantsi Afrika olugcina okanye lugqithisa ulwazi ngendlela yokubhala, yokulenza lubonwe ngamehlo, yokulenza luvakale endlebeni, ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zombane okanye nangayiphi na indlela eyenye oluluhlobo oluhlaziweyo okanye olulungisiweyo loxwebhu olohluke ngokubonakalayo kolo lokuqala ngokusingisele kwiinkcukacha zolwazi oluziquletheyo okanye kubume besakhiwo olupapashwe eMzantsi Afrika okanye olulungiselelwe uluntu loMzantsi Afrika.
Ukugcinwa kwelifa elifakwe kumaxwebhu kulungiselela ukufikela kwabemi kulo lonke upapasho oluveliswe kwilizwe labo. Kungoko ukugcinwa kwezomthetho kuyintsika yenkululeko yokufikelela kulwazi.
ukugcina yonke into eveliswe lilizwe (ngokuhambelana ne-UNESCO / UManyano lweMibutho yamaThala eencwadi ehlabathi namaziko enkqubo yehlabathi yolawulo lweBibliyografi).
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ebuncinaneni ikopi enye yoxwebhu ngalunye olupapashiweyo igciniwe kwaye iyafumaneka ukuba isetyenziswe ziingcali zemfundo, ezivela kwihlabathi liphela.
luqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi womqambi awulahleki kulutsha nokuba ube nokufumaneka kubaphandi bexesha elizayo.
lwakha isiseko sokuqulunqwa kweebibhliyografi zelizwe nezinye lkugcinwa kolwazi olwazisa abo banokuba ngabasebenzisi balo elizweni nakwihlabathi liphela, ngeencwadi namanye amaxwebhu, ngaloo ndlela babe bancedisana intengiso yabo.
lwenza isiseko sokuqokolelwa kweenkcukacha zamanani agciniweyo zokupapashwa kweencwadi kwihlabathi liphela oko kusenziwa yi-UNESCO engundoqo obalulekileyo kulwazi loshishino ngeencwadi. Inako nokukhula ngolu hlobo kwezinye iindlela zosasazo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IINJONGO KUNYE NAMATHUBA.txt</fn>
khusela ulawulo okanye ululeko ngabaphathi kubaqeshwa.
Lo mthetho siseko ulandelayo wazisa Ingqokelela yeMithetho Ecwangcisiweyo kwaye kufuneka wazise nasiphi na isigqibo ukoluleka umqeshwa.
Ululeko linyathelo elilungileyo asililo elokohlwaya.
c. bafumana izizathu ezibhalwe phantsi zezigqibo ezithathiweyo; kwaye d. babenelungelo lokubhena ngokuchasene naso nasiphi na isigqibo.
Ukunika amacebo alungileyo.
c. fune ukufumana isivumelwano sokuba impatho yenziwa njani, kwaye d. thatha amanyathelo okuzalisekisa indlela yesenzo ekuvuvunyelwene ngayo.
Izilumkiso ezithethwa ngomlomo. Kwimeko apho imo yokuziphatha kakubi engokuxhalasileyo, igunyazisa ngokunikwa kwamacebo ngezilumkiso ezithethwa ngomlomo, umphathi wabaqeshwa unokunika isilumkiso esithethwa ngomlomo. Umphathi kufuneka axelele umqeshwa okokuba ukuziphatha kakubi futhi kunokuba nemiphumela yokuthatha amanyathelo oluleko axhalabisayo kakhulu, kunye nesilumkiso esishicilelweyo phantsi.
Izilumkiso ezibhalwe phantsi.. Kwimeko apho imo yokuziphatha kakubi engokuxhalasileyo, igunyazisa ngokunikwa kwamacebo ngezilumkiso ezibhalwe phantsi, umphathi wabaqeshwa unokunika isilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi.
a. Isilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi sinokusebenzisa uhlobo lweSihlomelo u- B.
b. Umphathi kufuneka anike umqeshwa wakhe ikopi yesilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi aze yena, akusayinele phantsi ukusamkela kwaso. Ukuba umqeshwa akafuni ukusayinela phantsi isamkelo, umphathi kufuneka anikele ngesi silumkiso kumqeshwa phambi kwabanye abaqeshwa, aze asayine isiqinisekiso sokuba isilumkiso sibhalwe phantsi besinikezelwe kumqeshwa.
c. Isilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi kufuneka sigcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo ekugcinwe kuyo izinto zomqeshwa ezizezakhe.
d. Isilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi sihlala sisemthethweni ixesha lenyanga ezintandathu. Emva kokuphela kwenyanga ezintandathu, isilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi kufuneka sisusiwe kwindawo ekugcinwa izinto zomqeshwa ezizezakhe zize zitshatyalaliswe.
e. Ukuba ngexesha lezi nyanga zintandathu, umqeshwa uphantsi kokuthathwa kwamanyathelo oluleko, isilumkiso esibhaliweyo sinokuthathelwa ingqalelo ekuthatheni isigqibo semvume eyiyo.
Izilumkiso zokugqibela ezibhalwe phantsi. Kwimeko apho imo yokuziphatha kakubi engokuxhalabisileyo, igunyazisa ukunikwa kwamacebo ngezilumkiso zokugqibela ezibhalwe phantsi, umphathi unokunika isilumkiso sokugqibela esibhalwe phantsi kubaqeshwa. Olu lungiselelo lulandelayo luya sebenza kwizilumkiso zokugqibela ezibhalwe phantsi.
a. isilumkiso sokugqibela esibhalwe phantsi sinokusebenzisa uhlobo lweSihlomelo u-C.
b. umphathi kufuneka anike umqeshwa wakhe ikopi yesilumkiso sokugqibela esibhalwe phantsi aze yena akusayinele phantsi ukusamkela kwaso. Ukuba ngaba umqeshwa akafuni ukusayina isamkelo, umphathi kufuneka anikele ngesi silumkiso kumqeshwa phambi kwabanye abaqeshwa aze asayine isiqinisekiso sokuba isilumkiso sokugqibela esibhalwe phantsi besinikezelwe kumqeshwa.
c. Isilumkiso sokugqibela esibhalwe phantsi kufuneka sigcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo ekugcinwa kuyo izinto zomqeshwa ezizezakhe.
d..isilunkiso sokugqibela esibhalwe phantsi sihlala sisemthethweni ixesha lenyanga ezintandathu. Emva kokuphela kwenyanga ezintandathu, isilumkiso sokugqibela esibhalwe phantsi kufuneka sisusiwe kwindawo ekugcinwa izinto ezizezakhe umqeshwa zize zitshatyalaliswe.
e. Ukuba ngexesha lezinyanga zintandathu, umqeshwa uphantsi kokuthathwa kwamanyathelo oluleko, isilumkiso sokugqibela esibhalwe phantsi sinokuthathelwa ingqalelo ekuthatheni isigqibo semvume eyiyo.
Kwintlobo zokuziphatha kakubi ezixhalabisa nganeno, akukho kuncinwa okusesikweni okunokuthi kwenziwe.
Ngenjongo yokuxelwa kokuthathwa kwamanyathelo oluleko angawo, izilumkiso ezisemthethweni zamatyala abufana athi enziwe ngumqeshwa kufuneka athathelwe ingqalelo.
Ukuba ngaba isityholo sokuziphatha kakubi busisizathu esibonisa imo exhalabisayo yokuthathwa kwamanyathelo ezoluleko, ngaphezu kwaleyo inikezwe kwisiqingatha sesihlanu umqeshi unokuqalisa ngokuthatha amanyathelo wokwenza uphando loluleko. Umqeshi kufuneka onyule ummeli, oya kuthi abe ngumphathi womqeshwa, ukuqalisa uphando.
Isaziso ngophando a. Umqeshwa kufuneka enikwe isaziso esingangentsuku nje ezintlanu zamaxesha empangelo phambi kosuku loxoxo lwetyala.
b. Umqeshwa kufuneka asayine isamkelo seso saziso. Ukuba umqeshi walile ukusayina isamkelo sesaziso, kufuneka sinikwe phambi kwabanye abaqeshwa bona abaza kusayina beqinisekisa ukuba umqeshwa unikiwe.
ulwazi ngamalungelo abaqeshwa okumelwa ngabanye abaqeshwa okanye imanyano zabasebenzi ezivumelekileyo, kunye nokuzisa amangqina kolo xoxo lwetyala.
Unqunyanyiso lwesilumkiso okwethutyana a.
umqeshwa ubangwa ukuba wenze ityala elixhalabisayo; kwaye umqeshwa ukholelwa okokuba ubukho bomqeshwa endaweni yempangelo bunokwenza ubungozi kulo naluphi na uphando lokuziphatha kakubi, okanye bubenobungozi kukhuseleko lwakhe nawuphi umntu okanye ipropathi karhulumente.
b. Ukusikwa okulolu hlobo linyathelo lokuqala olungenzi isigwebo, kwaye kufuneka kuhlawulwe ngokupheleleyo.
c. Ukuba ngaba umqeshwa usikiwe okanye utshintshelwe kwenye indawo njengenyathelo lokuqala, umqeshi kufuneka enze uxoxo lwetyala lwamanyathelo oluleko phakathi kwenyanga enye. Umhlali ngaphambili wolu xoxo lwetyala kufuneka enze isigqibo ngalo naluphi umiso lolo xoxo lwetyala.
Ukuqhutywa koxoxo lwetyala lokuthathwa kwamanyathelo oluleko.
a. Ululeko kufuneka lwenziwe phakathi kwentsuku zexesha lentsebenzo ezilishumi emva kokuba isaziso esixelwe kwisiqingatha u-7.1 (a) sele sinikwe umqeshwa.
b. Umhlali ngaphambili wolu xoxo lwetyala kufuneka ibe ngumqeshwa okudidi oluphezulu kunommeli womqeshwa. Ukuba umqeshwa omangalelwa ngokuziphatha kakubi uyintloko yesebe, igosa elichopheleyo kufuneka libe negunya lokwenza oko okanye omnye umntu onolwazi olululo owonyulwe siSigqeba soMbuso okanye ikomiti yamaPhondo eSebe loMbuso Elilawulayo.
c. Umqeshwa unokumelwa kwangomnye umqeshwa kuxoxo lwetyala ukuba uya kunqwenela oko okanye ummeli wemanyano zabasebenzi ezaziwayo.
d. Xa ngaba kuya funeka, itoliki inokuya kolo xoxo lwetyala.
e. Kuxoxo lwetyala loluleko akukho mqeshi okanye umqeshwa onokumelwa ligqwetha, ngaphandle kokuba umqeshwa uligqwetha. Ngokwenjongo zolu vumelwano, igqwetha ngumntu ochazwa njengomntu ovumelekileyo ukuba asebenze njengommeli okanye igqwetha eMzantsi Afrika.
f. Ukuba umqeshwa akaphumelelanga ukuya kuxoxo lwetyala kwaye umhlali ngaphambili ugqibe okokuba umqeshwa akakhange abe nesizathu esiphathekayo ngokwasemthethweni, uxoxo lwetyala lunokuqhuba umqeshwa engekho.
g. Umhlali ngaphambili kufuneka agcine isaziso soxoxo lwetyala loluleko kwakunye nenkqubo zentlanganiso ngokubhalwe phantsi.
h. Umhlali ngaphambili uya kufunda isaziso kuqala ukwenza ubhalo phantsi aze aqalise uxoxo lwetyala.
Ummeli womqeshi uya kukhokela ubungqina kwimo yokuziphatha ekhokhelele kuxoxo lwetyala. Umqeshwa okanye ummeli womqeshwa uya kubuza naliphi na ingqina elixeliweyo ngummeli womqeshi.
j. Umqeshwa uya kunikwa inxaxheba yokukhokela ubungqina. Ummeli womqeshi unokuthi abuze amangqina.
k. Umhlali ngaphambili uya kubuza naliphi na ingqina imibuzo ukuze acacelwe.
l. Ukuba umhlali ugqibe kwelokuba umqeshwa ube eziphethe kakubi, umhlali ngaphambili kufuneka exelele umqeshwa ngakufumanisileyo kunye nezizathu zoko.
m. Phambi okuba enze isigqibo kwisohlwayo umhlali ngaphambili kufuneka anike umqeshwa ithuba lokuvelisa iinkcukacha ezizizo zokunciphisa ityala. Ummeli womqeshi naye unokuvelisa okwandisa okubi.
n. Umhlali ngaphambili kufuneka athethe kumqeshwa ngeziphumo zokugqibela zoxoxo lwetyala ngethuba nje lentsuku ezintlanu zexesha lempangelo, emveni kokuba kugqitywe ngophando loluleko, kwaye iziphumo kufuneka zibhalwe phantsi zibekwe elugcinweni lwezinto zomqeshwa ezizezakhe.
Isohlwayo a. Ukuba umhlali ngaphambili ufumanise okokuba umqeshwa uziphethe kakubi, kufuneka amgwebe ngokunika isohlwayo, oko kuxhomekeke kwimeko yetyala kunye nokuxhalabisa kokuziphatha kakubi, indlela edlulileyo yokuziphatha komqeshwa ebhalwe phantsi kwakunye naziphi na iindawo ezinokwenza ukuncipha kwetyala.
b. Ngesivumelwano nomqeshwa umhlali ngaphambili unokubeka isohlwayo sokusikwa ungahlawulwa umvuzo wakho okanye ukuthotywa esikhundleni njengenye nje indlela yokugxothwa. Ukuba ngaba umqeshwa uthotyiwe esikhundleni sakhe, emva konyaka unokwenza isicelo sokunyuselwa ngaphandle kokuba aqale agwetywe.
c. Umqeshi akanakuphumeza isohlwayo ngexesha lesibheno somqeshwa.
Umqeshwa unokubhena ngesiphumo okanye isohlwayo ngokuthi agcwalise Isihlomelo u-E.
Umqeshwa kufuneka ngentsuku ezintlanu zexesha lempangelo efumene isaziso seziphumo zokugqibela zoxoxo lwetyala okanye enye inkqubo yoluleko, afake uxwebhu lwesibheno kwiziphatha mandla zakhe, okanye kumphathi wakhe, oya kuthi yena azigqithisele ngaphambili kwiziphatha mandla zesibheno.
Ukuba ngaba umqeshwa yintloko yesebe, Inkulumbuso enxulumene noko okanye uMphathiswa uya kusithathela isibheno.
Ukuba umntu oxelwe kwisiqingatha u-8.3 ufuna uxoxo lwetyala, kufuneka azise umqeshwa ngomhla kunye nendawo.
Isiphatha mandla sesibheno sinoku a. xhasa isibheno, kwaye / okanye b. nciphisa isohlwayo, okanye c. kwenza isigqibo ngesiphumo senkqubo yoluleko.
Umqeshi uya kuzalisekisa isigqibo sesiphatha mandla sesibheno ngokukhawulezileyo.
Akaphumelelanga ukuthobela okanye waphule uMthetho , umgaqo okanye imfanelo esemthethweni.
Ngokuthanda okanye ngokungakhathali aphathe kakubi izimali zikaRhulumente.
Ngokungavumelekanga kubekho ipropathi kaRhulumente ekuye okanye ayisebenzise ngendlela engeyiyo aphathe abaqeshwa kunye / okanye ezinye iindwendwe.
Ngokuthanda nangenjongo okanye ukungakhathali onakalise kunye okanye enze ilahleko kwipropathi kaRhulumente.
Abeke engozini ubomi bakhe okanye obabanye ngokuthi angayihoyi imithetho ekhuselayo okanye imigaqo.
Ukonakaliswa kolawulo, ululeko okanye inkuthalo yesebe, i-ofisi okanye iziko likaRhulumente.
Ukungasetyenziswa ngendlela kwesithuba sakhe kwiziko lemisebenzi kawonke wonke, kunyuswa izinga okanye kusonakaliswa umdla wayo naliphi na iqela lezopolitiko.
Ukubiwa nokunyotywa okanye kwenziwe ubumenemene.
Ukuvumela nayiphi na imbuyekezo yemali okanye into eyelele apho esuka kwilungu likawonke wonke okanye nawuphi na umqeshwa omenzele iingxaki zakhe zakhe ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo esuka kwisebe.
Ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela umyalelo womthetho okanye umyalelo wesiqhelo ngaphandle kwesizathu nje.
Ukungabikho okanye ukungabikho ngokuphindaphindeneyo emsebenzini ngaphandle kwesizathu okanye isivumelwano.
Ucalulo kwabanye abantu ngentsusa yobuhlanga, isini, ukungakwazi ukuzenzela nto, ngokwesini okanye ezinye izinto eziphikisana noMgaqo siseko.
Ngaphandle kwemvume ebhalwe phantsi esuka kwisebe lakhe, enze umsebenzi enyeke imbuyekezo kwindawo efihlakeleyo esenzela omnye umntu okanye iziko, ngeyure zempangelo pkanye ngaphandle kweyure zomsebenzi.
Ngaphandle kwegunya alale emsebenzini.
Ngexesha esemsebenzini yena uphantsi kwempembelelo zokuyotywa, ngokungekho mthethweni, nangokungekho magunyeni wenza loo mkhwa kwaye / okanye udengiswa sisiyobisi, oko kuquka notywala.
Ngexesha esemsebenzini wenza izinto ngendlela engafanelekanga, elihlazo kunye nengavumelekanga.
Waphula nayiphi na Ingqokelela yemithetho ecwangcisiweyo yoLuleko yenkonzo zikawonke wonke.
Ahlasele, okanye azame ukwenza usongelo lwezihlaselo lomnye umqeshwa okanye umntu ngexesha esemsebenzini.
Xhokonxa abanye abaqeshwa kwindlela yokuziphatha engahambi ngokwenkqubo kunye nengekho semthethweni.
Obonisa ukungabahloniphi abanye endaweni yomsebenzi okanye abonise isimilo esinyelisayo okanye esisileyo.
Ukoyikiswa okanye ukuphathwa kakubi ngokukhethwa kwabanye abasebenzi.
Wenze naluphi na uyilo lobolekiso ngemali lwabasebenzi usenzela inzuzo yakho ngeyure zomsebenzi okanye kwindawo zenkonzo zemisebenzi kawonkewonke.
Uphathe okanye ugcine ivolovolo okanye izixhobo eziyingozi kwindawo zikaRhulumente ngaphandle kogunyaziso olubhalwe phantsi olwenziwe ngumqeshi.
Unika iingxelo okanye ubungqina obungeyonyaniso xa esenza umsebenzi wakhe.
Wenza inkohliso ngokubhalwe phantsi okanye nakuphi na okusemaxwebhini.
Uthatha inxaxheba kwizenzo zenkqubo ezingahambi ngendlela, ezingakhuselekanga kwaye / okanye ezingekho mthethweni.
Wenza umthetho ongabhalwanga okanye ityala elimiswe ngokomthetho ngexesha ngexesha ekwisakhiwo sikarhulumente.
Esi sisilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi ngokwenkqubo yezoluleko. Ukuba ngaba uphinde wazidibanisa kokunye ukuziphatha kakubi, isilumkiso esibhalwe sakuthathelwa ingqalelo ukumisela isohlwayo esixhalabisayo kakhulu.
Esi silumkiso siya kubekwa kugcino lwezinto ezizezakhe kwaye siya kuhlala sisemthethweni ixesha lenyanga ezintandathu ukususela kumhla wesilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi. Emva kwenyanga ezintandathu isilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi siya kususwa kugcino lwezinto ezizezakhe luze lutshatyalaliswa.
Ukuba uya sichasa isilumkiso, unokungqalisa isibheno ku- [IGAMA] ngentsukwana nje ezintlanu zempangelo.
Unikwa isaziso sokuba uye kwintlanganiso yoxoxo lwetyala ngokwegatya le-6 kunye nele-7 lweNgqokelela yeMithetho Ecwangcisiweyo yezoLuleko.
Intlanganiso iya kubanjelwa e [INDAWO] ngo...[UMHLA] E...[IXESHA]. Ukuba awuphumelelanga kwaye awunako ukunika izizathu zokungakwazi ukuphumelela , intlanganiso iya kuqhubeka ngeli xesha ungekhoyo.
Umntu ophangela kunye naye okanye umntu okumeleyo wemanyano zabasebenzi uya kuthi akumele.
Unganika ubungqina kuxoxo lwetyala ngendlela yamaxwebhu okanye ngamangqina. Uya kuba nelungelo lokubuza naliphi na ingqina elaziswe lisebe.
Ukuba uphando lufumanisa ukuba unetyala lokuziphatha kakubi, ungabeka naziphi na iimeko ezingqalene noku ekugqibeni ngesohlwayo.
Mna, [IGAMA LOMQESHWA] ndifaka isibheno sokuthatha amanyathelo oluleko esinikwe ngo...[UMHLA] e...[INDAWO].
Ndinamathelise ikopi yesaziso sophando ngoluleko kwaye / okanye isilumkiso esibhalwe phantsi.
Ndinqwenela / andinqweneli [KHETHA IBENYE] kunika ubungqina obongezelelekileyo obungekhoyo ngexesha lokuqhutywa koluleko.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IINKONZO ZEELWIMI ZESIZWE (2001).txt</fn>
Iinkonzo zeLwimi zeSizwe zinyusa izinga kwaye zikwanika uncedo lonxibelelwano kwiilwimi. Ukugcina iimfuneko zolwimi zoMgaqo Siseko I-NLS ilawula ukungafani kweelwimi zoluntu kwaye inoxanduva lokusebenza ngokumandla zonke iilwimi zabantu bethu ngokuthi ibeke amanyathelo enkqubo yeziphumo ezenziwayo ekunyuseni ukusetyenziswa kwezi lwimi, kwakunye nezo lwimi zingakhathalelwanga ngokwembali.
Umcimbi ongundoqo we-NLS kukufezekisa iimfuneko zolwimi zoMgaqo Siseko ngokunika uncedo, nokunyusa izinga kwakunye nokunika iinkozo zenguqulelo kunye nokuhlela kuzo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni kunye nokulawula ukungafani kweelwimi ngoyilo lweelwimi kunye namaphulo esigama.
I-NLS isebenza njengendlela yenkxaso yeelwimi zobuchule zikaRhulumente ngokuthi yenze inguqulelo yamaxwebhu asemthethweni kwiilwimi zonke ezisemthethweni. Iinkonzo zesigama zayo zinceda ngenkqubela kunye nohlaziyo lobuchule boluhlu lwamagama lweelwimi ezisemthethweni. Imisebenzi yoyilo lweelwimi iquka ukucetyiswa koRhulumente kwinkqubela yenkqubo yolwimi kwakunye nokuzalisekiswa bobuchule bokuphatha umcimbi.
Ugqaliso lokuqala lweCandelwano loYilo loLwimi lweNkonzo zeLwimi zeSizwe (I-NLS) kukunyusa izinga lentetho yeelwimi ezininzi ezininzi kwakunye nokukhuthaza intlonipho yeelwimi xa zizonke zoMzantsi Afrika lusenzeka kumzekeliso wenguqulo yamagama yezentlalo xa iyonke, inkqubela ngokwembali yeelwimi ezazingathathelwa ngqalelo ifumana ilungelo eliphambili.
Ukuveliswa kwenkqubo yeLwimi ngokuthi uyile ubuchule umcimbi, indlela yokwakhiwa, ukwenza kwakunye nezixhobo zomsebenzi ukuze iphumelele.
Ukuzalisekiswa kwenkqubo yeelwimi ngokubonelela ukuba semthethweni kunye negunya kunye nempembelelo ekusetyenzisweni kweelwimi eMzantsi Afrika.
Icandelwano loYilo lweLwimi lamiswa ngo-Agasti ka-1993 ukunika iingcebiso urhulumente ngenkqubela kunye nokuzalisekiswa kwenkqubo kwimicimbi yelwimi ngokwegatya lesi-6 loMagaqo Siseko. Ukungenisa ukukhanya kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kangangoko ngabo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo kwezi Nkqubo kugxininiswe. Umsebenzi weQelana ophambili yaba kukulawula ukwenziwa nde kwenkqubo yokumiswa kweBhodi yeLwimi zoMzantsi Afrika (Pan South African Language Board). Le nkqubo yaqala mgo 1994 ngenkomfa yomhlahlandlela ecebisayo, uLwimi lweNkomfa zonke, ilandelwa luthotho lwengxoxo kawonke-wonke yesizwe jikelele kwaye yema encotsheni ekuyilweni komthetho oyilwayo weBhodi yeLwimi zoMzantsi Afrika ngo 1995.
Ibhodi yeelwimi zoMzantsi Afrika yamiselwa ngo 1996.
Inkqubo kunye noYilo loLwimi loMzantsi Afrika olusekwe kwicebo le - Langtang lwalungiselelwa emva kokucebisana kunye nophando. Ngo - Disemba ka - 1999 uMphathiswa wonyula iqela elicebisayo ukuba lilungiselele ingxelo yokugqibela eyanikezelwa kwabo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo kwi Indaba yezoLwimi ngo Matshi ka - 2000. Ukulandela amagqabantshintshi asuka kubantu abathatha inxaxheba kwi-Indaba, iQela Elicebisayo laqwalasela kwakhona iNkqubo kunye noYilo loMzantsi Afrika.
Inkqubo kunye noLwimi loMzantsi Afrika lwanikezelwa sisigqeba soMbuso seKomiti yeCandelo leZentlalo ngomhla we-13 kaSeptemba ka-2000. Ikomiti yacebisa okokuba uxwebhu lwengxoxo olungaphaya kulo mba luveliswe, kukuthathelwa ingqalelo amalungelo ezimali. Okulandela la macebo luvavanyo olubanzi olwenziwa kumasebe kunyenamaphondo karhulumente kazwelonke ukubonisa iwonga lwelwimi ezikhoyo zamaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza. Uthelekelelo lwexabiso lwenkqubo ecetyiweyo luyenziwa ngentsebenziswano neSebe leZemali likaZwelonke.
I-TISSA (Inkonzo zeNgcinga zokuTolika zoMzantsi Afrika).
Eli phulo lelinye lokuphumeza ubuchule bokuphatha umcimbi wenkqubo ecetyiweyo. Izithintelo zelwimi zisa bakhanyelela abantu boMzantsi Afrika ilungelo lenkonzo zikaRhulumente elilinganayo ingakumbi abantetho yelwimi zase-Afrika . Inkonzo neNgcingo zokutolika eMzantsi Afrika zingenza kwenzeke kumntu ngamnye ukuba anxibelelane nabasemagunyeni ngentetho yolwimi lwakhe, umzekelo kwindawo ezinje ngesibhedlela, izitishi zamapolisa kunye ne-ofisi zikaRhulumente. Iinkonzo zokulingwa zisacingwa kunyaka ka-2000 / 2001 kwilokishi ezikhethiwey, iiyure ezili-12 ngosuk, ukusukela ngo-07:00 ukuya ku-19:00, iintsuku ezintandathu ngeveki.
Kwenza abantu bukhali ekubalulekeni kolwimi kumbutho wethu.
Nokunyusa izinga lentetho yeelwimi ezininzi ukuze Abantu boMzantsi Afrika babone intetho yelwimi ezininzi njengobutyebi obunexabiso.
Isigaba sokuqala seli phulo sigqalise kwiNkonzo zikaWonkewonke size sona Isigaba sesibini sigqalise kuwonkewonke obanzana. Imveliso zeli phulo zikhalenda eziyintetho yeelwimi ezininzi, izibhengezo, I-Lingo Pals (ezinamabinzana abulisayo ngelwimi ezilishumi elinanye) kunye neteyiphu ye-TV, Ulwimi lokuZalwa, olusetyenziswa kwizindlu zokusebenzela.
I-UNESCO ilungiselela ngoku Ingxelo yeeLwimi zeHlabathi enjongo yayo ikukuchaza ukungafani kweelwimi zehlabathi, ifunda ukudaleka kwakunye nendlela yangoku yeelwimi, kwaye icacise neengxaki ezibachaphazelayo kwimimandla eyahlukahlukeneyo yehlabathi jikelele. Ngale ngxelo I-UNESCO ifuna ukutsala umdla kwimfuneko yolawulo efanelekileyo yelifa leelwimi zehlabathi.
Iinkonzo yeLwimi zikaZwelonke yacelwa yi-UNESCO ukuba ithathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo ukuqokelela ulwazi ukunika ingxelo yelwimi zonke ezisemthethweni kwangokunjalo ne-Khoe, I-San kunye neLwimi zesi-Nama zoMzantsi Afrika. Kuba ubunzulu bolwazi lolwimi lwalufuneka kwuvavanyo zimvo iphepha lokuphendula imibuzo lanikezelwa kwingcali ezaziwayo zeelwimi ukuze zinikezela ulwazi. Ubutyebi bolwazi lwaqokelelwa kwintlobo ngentlobo zesimo seelwimi eMzantsi Afrika, ezinje ngolwazi lwejografi, iyantlukwantlukwano, inani labo bathetha ulwimi ngalunye, ulwazi lwemfuduko, umsebenzi wezoqoqosho webandla ngalinye elithethayo, ingcingane zolwimi, iqela elinoxanduva lwenkqubo yolwimi kunye noyilo ngalunye kunye nezithethe zokufunda.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IIPROJEKTHI EZILUNGISELELWE UKUFIKELELA EBANTWINI.txt</fn>
INAFVSA inecandelo lokufikelela kuluntu elenza ukuba izinto zifumaneke kulo lonke uluntu loMzantsi Afrika ngakumbi abemi ababe sakungabinamathuba. Ukuqhubeleni phambili ubudlelwane/ ubuqabane namanye amaziko ekusebenzeni ngezakhelo zokubonisa umabina-kude, iyazama ukufikelela kubo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika.
Indawo yeSizwe, yokugcina iFilimu, ivideyo neSandi ibandakanyeka kwiqela leeprojekthi. Amaziko emfundo ayamenywa ukuza kubona iifilimu nokubamba iingxoxo nagasiphi isihloko abona kufaneleke ukuba asichaphazele. Oku kwenziwa ngokunxibelelana neetitshala kwanabahlohli kumaziko emfudo ephakamileyo. Eyona njongo iphambili yeCandelo lokuFikelela ku"kusa imiboniso bhanyabhanya ebantwini" apho abahlali bangazuza lutho kuyo. Oku kwenziwa ngokubambisana neminye imibutho enje ngezikolo, iindidi zoshishino ezifanelekileyo, iinkonzo, imibutho yabahlali noluntu ngokubanzi. INAFVSA ijolise uluntu lwasemaphandleni olungaziyo ukuba indawo yokugcina ifilimu yinto engantoni na kuba nabo banelungelo lokufikelela kulwazi.
INAFVSA ijonge ukusebenzisa amaZiko oLuntu obuGcisa, awayekhiwe liSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko ukuzalisekisa le njongo. Iiholo zeecawe, ezezikolo kunye nezoluntu nazo ziya kusetyenziswa.
Sikhuthaza abahlali okanye naye nabani na onomdla kwilifa lembali yesizwe evakaliswa ngesandi ikwabonwa nangamehlo ukuba aqhakamshelane nathi xa benezicelo zokusebenzisa iinkonzo ze- NAFVSA.
INAFVSA ikwanesebe elijongene nokugcinwa kweembali zomlomo ezirekhodiweyo, elivala izithuba ezisaleleyo kwimbali yethu. Kubanjwa udliwano-ndleba nabantu ngezihloko nemiba ebhekise kwinkcubeko, ubugcisa, imbali nokwakhiwa kwesizwe.
Ukuqokolela, ukugcina nokusasazwa koMculo weMveli kukhuliswa ngoMboniso wethu oHambayo weziXhobo zoMculo weMveli.
Iuphando olwenziwa ngonyaka we-1956 lwaba neziphumo zowiso-mthetho olumisela iBhodi yeFilimu, yeSizwe ngomhla woku-1 kuEpreli yowe- 1964. Eyona njongo iphambili yeBhodi yeSizwe yeFilimu yayikukuncedisa ekukhuliseni ushishino lwefilimu. Eminye imisebenzi yayikukulanda umkhondo, ukufikelela, ukugcina nokwenza ukuba zifumaneke kubaxumi bayo, iifilimu ezasisenziwa kuMzantsi Afrika okanye ngoMzantsi Afrika. Ukwenza le misebenzi, kwaseka icandelo elalisaziwa njengeZiko leFilimu loMzantsi Afrika. Igama leli candelo lajikwa ekuhambeni kwexesha kwathiwa yiNdawo yeSizwe yokuGcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo.
Ngomhla wama-31 kuDecember wowe-1979 yanqunyanyiswa imisebenzi yeBhodi yeSizwe, yeFilimu. Indawo yeSizwe yokuGcina iFilimu yaba kuphela kwecandelo elasindayo laza latshintselwa kwiSebe lezeMfundo (National). Yaphela iyinxalenye yeNdawo yeSizwe, yokuGcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo (eyathi kamva yabizwa njenge- National Archives) ingomnyaka we-1982, kwaye ukusukela ngoko yasebenza njengendawo ekhethekileyo yokugcina iirekhodi ezinesandi nezikwabonwa ngamehlo (okanye amaxwebhu ngokwegama elisetyenziswa kuMthetho wokuGcina ezoMthetho).
INAFVSA licandelo leNdawo yeSizwe yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo zeloMzantsi Afrika eliphantsi kweSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko. Le Ndawo yokugcina iMbali yeSizwe ngefilimu, iVideyo kunye neSandi, mkuphela kweziko lesizwe olulolu hlobo kuMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuqokolela ezo zivala ngeSandi zikwaBonwa nangamehlo (ezoluntu gabalala nezo zingezizo zoluntu gabalala) nawo nawuphi na umsebenzi onxulumene noku wenziwe kuMzantsi Afrika okanye ngoMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kobutyebi obuvakala ngesandi bukwabonwa nangamehlo nobululufa boMzantsi Afrika.
Ukwenza ukuba ezi rekhodi zifikeleleke kubemi boMzantsi Afrika nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuMzantsi arika. Ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaziko agcine iirekhodi ezilolu hlobo.
Ukukhulisa imathiriyeli evakala ngesandi nekwabonwa ngamehlo kwanoshishino lwayo kuMzantsi Afrika.
INAFVSA liziko likarhulumente eligcina ilifa lesizwe lembali evakaliswa ngesandi ikwabonwa ngamehlo, ligcinelwa isizukulwana esizayo. Iintlobo ngeentlobo ezinje ngeefilimu, iivideyo noko kurekhodwe ngesandi nokunye okuhambelana noku kungafunyanwa kule ndawo yokuzigcina. INAFVSA kufanelwe ibonwe njengendawo yokugcina ubutyebi belifa loMzantsi Afrika bembali evakaliswa ngesandi ikwabonwa nangamehlo.
INAFVSA inegumbi lokufundela apho abaphandi bangajonga amancedo azindindi ngendidi kunye nendawo yokugcina esebenza ngekompyutha, konke oko bekwenza simahla bengahlawulanga nesenti. Ukujonga okanye ukumamela nantoni na, umntu makenze idinga kwangaphambili. Kufuneka isaziso seentsuku ezintathu ukulungiselela ukuba imathiriyeli iqhelane nemeko phambi kokuba ibe nokubukelwa okanye ibe nokumanyelwa kwisixhobo esifanele oko. Imathiriyeli kungafikelelwa kuyo nakwindawo yeNAFVSA ngexabiso elibekwa liSebe lezeMali (Treasury). Abafundi benyani bangathi ngokwenza idinga babukele okanye baphulaphule oko bakufunayo ngaphandle kwentlawulo. Kufuneka imvume ebhaliweyo yabo banamalungelo phambi kokuba nayiphi into ikotshwe.
Ngaphandle kwengqokolela yoko kuviwa ngendlebe kukwabonwa nangamehlo iNAFVSA ikwanezinye izinto ezihambelana nezi ezifana neefoto ezifakwa kumatshini eboniswa njengakwibhanyabhanya (slides), amaxwebhu amakhulu, iifoto, okubhaliweyo, izinto zasemuziyam kwanethala leencwadi elijongene nemathiriyeli yesandi ekwabonwa nangamehlol.
Ithala leencwadi eliphethe malunga nama-3000 eencwadi ezivelela imiba ngemiba yomhlaba wouzonwabisa, lisusela kwimihla yamandulo yeBhodi yeSizwe yeFilimu ekungoku nje imisiweyo nelithala leencwadi lokusingisela, ngenxa yexabiso lemiqulu emikhulu. Kodwa ke noxa kunjalo, zonke iincwadi ezikwithala zingapopolwa kwiNdawo yokugcina iMbali ngeFilimu, iVideyo neSandi, kwaye iikopi ezifotiweyo zingenziwa ngexabiso elingephi.
INAFVSA inengqokolela emalunga newaka leeposta zefilimu ezinqabileyo, ezisusela kwi-De Voortrekkers , eyona filimu indala eMzantsi Afrika. Uninzi lwezi posta luhlobo olulodwa olungxabalaze kuzo zonke iindidi zeefilimu zalapha. Eyona nto ifanele iNdawo yokugcina iMbali kukuba izikhuphele ngomatshini wombane izikhuphelela kwindawo yokugcina iinkcukacha (database) apho zingatyhilwatyhilwayo kokdwa zingabanjwanga ngazandla.
Njengakwingqokolela yeposta, iNdawo yokugcina iiMbali ezibalulekileyo nayo inengqokolela yeefoto ezinento yokwenza nefilimu eziliqela zalapha ekhaya . Iifoto zazo zonke iifilimu eziveliswe kweli lizwe ukususela ngowe-1916 zingafunyanwa apha. INAFVSA inengqokolela emalunga ne-1200 beefilimu ezibhalwe ngesandla ezivela kwiifilimu ngeefilimu ezenziwe apha ekhaya. Inkoliso yazo zezexesha elingaphambi kokupapashwa kwaye zehluke mpela kwezo sezigqityiwe esezikwibhanyabhanya.
iNAFVSA Iinomahluko kuba yenye yezimbalwa kwizwe liphela, yeNdawo yokugcina iimbalo neembali, egcina phantsi kophahla olunye imathiriyeli yefilimu, ivideyo nesandi. Kufikelela kule ngqokolela ikhethekileyo ebonisa ngamehlo imbali yoMzantsi Afrika kusoloko kwaye kuya kuhlala kuluncedo olukhulu kwizizukulwana ezizayo zoMzantsi Afrika. Banokumamela lula baze babone okwakusenzeka kwixesha langaphambili ze babe nombono wokuba luya kuba njanu ushishino lwezesandi zikwabonwa ngamehlo, kwixa elizayo.
Ngenxa yenguqu ezize ngamandla kwezobuchwepheshe,/ iteknoloji, izixhobo ezazisetyenziswa kwiminyaka engama-20 eyedlulayo zonke ziphelelwe kungoku nje; kodwa ke noxa kunjalo zinokusebenza ukunika intsusa yenkcukacha zolwazi, kwaye zinika umdla kwimbali ngokubonisa ukukhula nokuphuhla koshishino lwezevakala nesandi zikwabonwa nangamehlo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IKHOMISHINI YEENKONZO ZENKUNDLA.txt</fn>
a kukunika ingcebiso kurhulumente kazwelonke ngawo nawuphi umbandela onxulumene nezasemthethweni okanye ulawulo lobulungisa, kwakunye nemfundo noqeqesho lweejaji ezibonisa umdla nokuqhubeka koqeqesho lweejaji, iimeko zokusebenza neemeko zenkonzo yejaji, nokuphungulwa kwemida yeeNkonzo eziPhakamileyo, njalo njalo.
i kukungenisa epalamente ingxelo yonyaka ebhaliweyo ngokubhekiselele kwimisetyenzana yayo yaloo nyaka.
Ikhomishini yeNkonzo zenkundla yenziwa ngamalungu angama-25 (kuqukwa nosihlalo nosekela sihlalo) necandelo elijongene nolawulo.
k xa kuqwalaselwa imibandela enxulumene neNkundla ePhakamileyo eyodwa, uMongameli oyiJaji weNkundla nenkulumbuso yephondo elo, okanye omnye umntu owonyulwe ngumntu ngamnye kubo.
Ukuba inani labantu abakhethiweyo phakathi kwamagqwetha ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 1 e okanye f lilingana nenani lezithuba emazivalwe , uMongameli makabonyule. Ukuba inani labantu abakhethiweyo lingaphezulu kwezithuba emazivalwe, uMongameli emva kokubonisana nabo baqeqeshelwe umsebenzi, makonyule amagama oneleyo ukuvala izithuba, eyithathela ingqalelo into yokuqinisekisa ukuba abo bonyuliweyo bamele umsebenzi wonke.
Amalungu eKhomishini abekwe liBhunga lamaPhondo likaZwelonke asebenza de kufakwe abanye , okanye kude kubekho isithuba esikhoyo kwinani labo. Amanye amalungu ayonyuliwe okanye ayekhethelwe iKhomishini asebenza de kungene abo bebebonyule okanye bebebakhethile.
a uMongameli uya kususa naliphi ilingu elinjalo emsebenzini/eofisini nangaliphi ixesha ukuba umonyuli owonyule elo lungu ucela kanjalo; okanye b naliphi ilungu elinjalo lingaphuma eofisini ngokuba linikezele kusihlalo isaziso esibhaliweyo senyanga.
Amalungu eKhomishini onyulwe kanjalo ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 178 1 e, f, g, h okanye i loMgaqo-siseko aya kuphuma eofisini ukuba liphelile ixesha lakhe lokuba abe nokufanela ukonyulwa.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwicandelo 178 1 loMgaqo-siseko nawuphi umntu oxesha lakhe lokuba seofisini njengelungu leKhomishini liphelileyo, angonyulwa kwakhona.
Ikhomishini iya konyula elinye ilungu eliseofisini ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 105 1 b, c, e, f, g okanye i loMgaqo-siseko njengosekela sihlalo weKhomishini, kwaye xa usihlalo engafumaneki usekela sihlalo uya kubamba njengosihlalo.
Isithuba esikwiKhomishini a asisayi kuchaphazela ukunyaniseka/ ukuba semthethweni kweenkqubo okanye izigqibo zeKhomishini; kwaye b siya kuvalwa ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 178 1 loMgaqo-siseko kwaye naliphi ilungu elonyuliweyo, apho kufanelekileyo liya kuba seofisini ela xesha belingekapheli lalowo ebephambi kwakhe.
Zenkundla, umsebenzi omele ukwenziwa yiKhomishini wenziwa ngamagosa eSebe lezoBulungisa onyulwe nguMlawuli Jikelele; Ezobulungisa.
Incwadana esisikhokelo iya kufumaneka kwiKhomishini yaMalungelo oLuntu yaseMzantsi Afrika ungadlulanga umhla wama-31 Agasti 2003.
Isaziso ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 15 sichaza izintlu zeengxelo zamaqela akhoyo apho kungafuneki into yokuba umntu acele ukufikelela ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho. Ulwazi olungesaziso seKhomishini yeNkonzo zenkundla ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 15 asikabikho.
U Umceli makasebenzise ifomu eshicilelwe kwiGazethi kaRhulumente [Isaziso sikaRhulum. R187- 15 Februwari 2002] (Ifomu A). [Ikopi yefomu emiselweyo ifakelwe njengeSihlomelo B kule ncwadana.
j Umceli kufuneka axele ukuba ucela ikopi yengxelo okanye umceli ufuna ukuza aze kujonga ingxelo kwii-ofisi zeqela loluntu. Enye indlela kukuba xa ingxelo ingeloxwebhu ingajongwa ikolo hlobo icelwe ikulo, apho kunokwenzeka icandelo 292.
Ukuba umntu ucela ufikelelo olukuhlobo oluthile, ngoko ke umceli kufuneka alufumane ufikelelo ngaloo ndlela lucelwe lukuyo. Kuxa ke oku mhlawumbi kunokuphazamisana nenkqubo yeqela loluntu , okanye kunokonakalisa ingxelo okanye kophule ilungelo lombhali, umbuso elingenalo. Ukuba ngenxa yezizathu ezibonakalayo ufikelelo kwingxelo alunakunikwa lukuhlobo obeluceliwe, kodwa lunganikwa lukwenye imo, umrhumo ke ngoko uya kubalwa ngokwendlela le umceli ebelucele ngayo icandelo 293 & 4.
Ukuba, ukongeza kwimpendulo ebhaliweyo yesicelo sengxelo, umceli ufuna ukuxelelwa ngesigqibo ngenye indlela, umzekelo, ngefowuni, kufuneka oko kuxelwe icandelo 182e.
Ukuba umceli ucela ulwazi egameni lomnye umntu, isikhundla salowo wenza isicelo kufuneka sixelwe nobungqina boko kufuneka buhambe nesicelo icandelo 182f.
Ukuba umceli akakwazi ukufunda okanye ukubhala, okanye unokulimala anako, usenokusenza isicelo sengxelo ngomlomo. Igosa lolwazi kufuneka lizalise ifomu egameni lomceli onjalo ukuze limnike ikopi icandelo 183.
Umceli ofuna ukufikelela kwingxelo enolwazi ngomceli lowo, akufunekanga ahlawule umrhumo wesicelo. Wonke omnye umceli, ongaceli iingxelo ezizezakhe kufuneka ahlawule umrhumo omiselweyo wama-R35.
Igosa lolwazi kufuneka lazise umceli (lowo ongaceli iingxelo ezingaye) ngesaziso, lifune umceli lowo ahlawule umrhumo omiselweyo (ukuba ukho) phambi kokuba siqhutywe/sisetyenzwe isicelo.
Umrhumo wesicelo omiselweyo wama-R35 uhlawulwa ngohlobo lwezitampu zeNgeniso ezingathengwa ePosini. Isixa esichanekileyo sezitampu zengeniso kufuneka zincanyathiselwe kwifomu yesicelo (Ifomu A). Ukuba azincanyathiselwanga, isicelo eso asisayi kuqhutywa de ufunyanwe umrhumo wesicelo ohlawulwa ngezitampu zengeniso.
s Umceli angafaka isicelo kwinkundla akhalazele ithenda okanye ukuhlawulwa komrhumo wesicelo.
U Emva kokuba igosa lolwazi lenze isigqibo ngesicelo, umceli uyakwaziswa ngeso sigqibo ngale ndlela umceli ebefune ukwaziswa ngayo.
U Ukuba isicelo sivunyiwe, kufuneka kuhlawulwe omnye umrhumo wokufikelela kulungiselelwa ukukhangelwa, ukuveliswa, kuhlawulelwe nexesha eligqithileyo kwiiyure izimiselweyo zokukhangela nokulungisa ingxelo ukuze idizwe.
k Umrhumo wokufikelela njengoko umiselwe ungafunyanwa kwiSihlomelo A sale ncwadana. Umrhumo wokufikelela kufuneka uhlawulwe ngezitampu zengeniso, ezifumanekayo ePosini.
Isikhalazo esingejaji esikumda wecandelo 177 (a) loMgaqo-siseko esithi ijaji ayiwenzi kakuhle umsebenzi wayo, iyoyisakala okanye inetyala lokuziphatha kakubi siya kuqwalaselwa yiKhomishini yeNkonzo zenkundla ngokwemigqaliselo yeli gatya.
Ikhomishini yeNkonzo zenkundla ayinalawulo lwezobulungisa lokujongana nezikhalazo ezingekho kwezi zintlu zichazwe ngasentla.
Ikhomishini yeNkonzo zenkundla namanye Amaziko eSahluko seThoba (ngokwemigqaliselo yoMgaqo-nkqubo weRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, uMthetho 108 wowe-1996) azinazo iinkqubo zangaphakathi zokubhena njengamanye amaqela oluntu. Kufuneka kuyiwe kwiinkundla ngamaxesha anjalo xa kungathotyelwa amagatya oMthetho ngala maqela. Le nto iya kusebenza nakuyiphi imeko apho umceli okanye umntu wesithathu anqwenela ukubhena ngesigqibio esenziwe ligosa lolwazi.
K Kuyo yonke indawo yokubeka esemthethweni njengoko ichaziwe kwicandelo 6 loMthetho ezisethethweni 1997.
Umrhumo wesicelo ohlawulwa ngumceli wonke, ngaphandle kwalowo ucela ulwazi ngaye, ekubhekiswe kuwo kummiselo 7 ngama-R35, 00.
f Ukukhangela nokulungisa ingxelo ukuba idizwe, li-R15,00 iyure nganye okanye inxalenye yeyure , ngaphandle kweyure yokuqala ekulindeleke ukuba ikhangelwe kwaye ilungiswe ngayo le ngxelo.
a Iiyure ezintandathu njengeeyure emakugqithiswe kuzo phambi kokuba kuhlawulwe idiphozithi b isinye esithathwini somrhumo sihlawulwa njengediphozithi ngumceli.
Imali yokuposa ihlawulwa xa ikopi kufuneka iposelwe kumceli.
umhla e. indawo.
Umrhumo wesicelo (ukuba ukho): R...
Idiphozithi (ukuba ikho): R...
Umrhumo wokufikelela : R...
B. Iinkcukacha zomntu ocela ukufikelela kwiingxelo a Iinkcukacha zomntu ocela ukufikelela kwiingxelo mazibhalwe ngezantsi.
cUbungqina bokuba usenza ngabuni isicelo, ukuba buyafuneka, mabuncanyatheliswe. Amagama apheleleyo nefani ::::::::::::::::::::::..
Isikhundla osenza ukuso isicelo xa usenza egameni lomntu IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII..
Eli candelo malizaliswe KUPHELA ukuba isicelo solwazi senziwa egameni lomnye umntu . Amagama aphelelyo nefani : AAAAAAAAA...
D. Iinkcukacha zerekhodi a Nika iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zerekhodi ocela ukufikelela kuyo, nenombolo esisalathisi ukuba uyayazi ukuze irekhodi ibe nokufunyanwa indawo ekuyo.
b Ukuba isithuba esinikiweyo asenelanga nceda qhuba kwelinye iphepha ukuze ulidibanise kule fomu. Umceli kufuneka asayine onke amanye amaphepha ongeziweyo.
Inombolo esisalathisi, ukuba ikhona: ttttttttttttttttttt.
E. Imirhumo a Isicelo sokufikelela kwingxelo, ngaphandle kwesicelo esiqulethe ulwazi ngawe, siya kusetyenzwa kuphela emva kokuba kuhlawulwe umrhumo wesicelo.
c Umrhumo ohlawulelwa ufikelelo kwirekhodi uxhomekeke kuhlobo efunwa ikulo ingxelo nexesha elivakalayo elifunekayo ukukhangela nokulungisa irekhodi.
d Ukuba ukufanele ukuba ungahlawuliswa nawuphi umrhumo, nceda chaza isizathu soko. Isizathu sokungahlawuliswa imirhumo: IIIIIIIIIIIIII..
Ukuba uthintelwa kukulimala ungabinakho ukufunda, ukubona okanye ukumamela ingxelo ikuhlobo lofikelelo olunikwe phantsi kwamanani 1 - 4 ngezantsi, xela ukulimala kwakho kwaye uchaze ukuba ingxelo ifunwa ikoluphi na uhlobo.
a Ukuxela kwakho uhlobo efunwa ikulo ingxelo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo efumaneka ikulo ingxelo.
b Ufikelelo kwingxelo ngohlobo oluceliweyo lunokukhatywa kwiimeko ezithile. Kwimeko enjalo uya kwaziswa ukuba ufikelelo luya kufunyanwa lukolunye uhlobo.
c Umrhumo ohlawulelwa ufikelelo kwingxelo, uya kumiselwa inxalenye yawo luhlobo efunwa ikulo ingxelo.
Ukuba ingxelo inemifanekiso ebonwayo -oku kuquka iifoto, izilayidi, ukurekhodwa kwevidiyo, imifanekiso eyenziwe ngekhompyutha, iziketshi njalo njalo.
Ukuba ucele ikopi okanye ukukhutshelwa kwengxelo (engasentla), ingaba unqwenela ukuba ikopi uyiposelwe?
Kuhlawulwa umrhumo wokuposa.
Qaphela ukuba ingxelo ayifumaneki ngolwimi olukhethayo, uya kuyinikwa ngolwimi olo ifumaneka ikulo ingxelo. Ukhetha ukuba ibe ngoluphi ulwimi ingxelo.?
Uya kwaziswa ngokubhalelwa ukuba isicelo sakho sivunyiwe okanye sikhatyiwe. Ukuba ufuna ukwaziswa ngaloo nto ngenye indlela, nceda xela indlela leyo kwaye unike iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ukuze kuthotyelwe isicelo sakho. Ukhetha ukwaziswa njani ngesigqibo esimalunga nesicelo sakho sofikelelo kwingxelo?
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IKOMITI YOMPHATHISWA YEMIKHWA ESESIKWENI YOPHANDO NGEZEMPILO (2001).txt</fn>
Le ncwadana iqulethe ulwazi jikelele ngokuvavanywa kwamayeza. Ulwazi oluthile ngovavanyo lwamayeza wena ocinga ukuthatha inxaxheba kulo okanye ocelwa ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kulo kufuneka lunikezelwe okanye lufumaneke kubaphandi bovavanyo olo.
Le ncwadana yaveliswa ngoncedo kunye negalelo lwencutshe kunye namalungu akwi komiti ezahlukeneyo. Uncedo lwenziwe ngamagosa oburhulumente kunye neSebe lezempilo ingakumbi uPhando lweNdlela yezeMpilo, Ukulungelelana koPhando kunye noLawulo lwe-Epidemiology kunye naMayeza.
Isebe lezeMpilo Imigaqo Yokwenza Okulungileyo kukhokelo loVavanyo ngaMayeza kuLuntu Oluthatha Inxaxheba eMzantsi Afrika.
Isebe lezeMpilo Ukuyilwa kweMkhwa eSesikweni kuPhando lwezeMpilo: Izisekelo, isakhiwo kunye nenkqubo.
Uvavanyo lwamayeza luphando okanye uphengululo olunjongo yalo ikukuvavanya ukhuseleko, ukulunga, impumezo kunye/okanye nokusebenza kwamayeza akhoyo amatsha okanye amadala, amacebo ngamayeza kunye/okanye ukukhethwa konyango kusetyenziswa uluntu oluthatha inxaxheba.
Ukhuseleko lwamayeza luthetha ukuba ingaba unyango okanye iyeza linobungozi okanye lungenzakalisa impilo yomntu.
Impumezo uthetha ukuba ingaba liyasebenza okanye alisebenzi ukuxilonga, ukunyanga, ukuthintela, okanye ukunyanga imeko yesifo. Oku kuno kuquka ukuthelekisa impumezo phakathi kwamayeza amabini okanye ngaphezulu.
Ukusebenza kuthetha ukuba ingaba lingcono/ okanye liyagqwesa xa lithelekiswa namanye amancedo okunyanga okanye amayeza kwimeko ezifanayo.
Ukulunga kubhekiselele kwimfezeko xa iyonke kwakunye nokwenziwa kweyeza okanye icebo ngamayeza avumela ukuba lisetyenziswe ngokoyilo lwalo naluphi na ixesha phantsi kwemeko ezilindelekileyo kwinkqubo yokunceda umguli ngaphandle kokwenza imonakalo ngokungafanelekanga kumsebenzisi.
Igama elithi "iyeza" liquka amayeza athi asetyenziswe ukunceda izifo ubuchule ngamayeza nokunyanga, ukukhusela izifo amayeza okukhusela, umzekelo uthintela kunye namayeza athi asetyenziswe kuphando olulodwa amayeza okuqonda isifo umzekelo amayeza asetyenziswa ngelixa likuxilongwa kwe-X reyi eyodwa ukujonga izintso.
Phambi kokuba iyeza elitsha okanye icebo livavanywe eluntwini, kuthi kufundwe kakhulu ngalo, ixesha elide elebhu kwaye livavanywe kwizilwanyana ezahlukehlukeneyo ukuze kufunyaniswe ukhuseleko kunye nempumezo yalo ephambili. Uvavanyo lwamayeza (amatsha) ophando, oothintela kunye namacebo ngamayeza kuluntu luthi luqhutywe kwizigaba ngezigaba njengoko kuvelisiwe ngasezantsi apha.
Isigaba sokuqala: Esi sisigaba sokuqala apho iyeza alitsha, uthintela, okanye isixhobo sonyango sithi sivavanywe okokuqala kwiqela labantu abaphilileyo. Isigaba sokuqala sovavanyo lweyeza sojoliswe ekuboneni ukhuselo jikelele, umgama womlinganiselo okhuselekileyo kunye neziphumo ezingamkelekanga zeyeza elitsha, uthintela okanye isixhobo sonyango.
Iisgaba sesibini: Kwisigaba sesibini iyeza elitsha livavanywa, uthintela, okanye isixhobo sonyango sivavanywa kwiqela elikhulwana elidla ngokuba ngamakhuli abantu abaphilileyo ngokunjalo nabo banesifo eso iyeza elitsha, uthintela, okanye isixhobo sijoliswe kubo. Injongo yesigaba sesibini sovavanyo lweyeza kukuvavanya ngokungaphaya ukhuseleko kunye nempumezo yeyeza elitsha, uthintela, okanye isixhobo sonyango.
Isigaba sesithathu: Kwesisigaba, iyeza elitsha, uthintela, okanye isixhobo sonyango sivavanywa kwiqela lamakhulu ukuya kumawaka abantu abanesifo eso iyeza, uthintela okanye isixhobo sonyango sijoliswe kubo. Injongo yesigaba sesithathu sovavanyo seyeza kukuva impumezo kunye neziphumo ezingamkelekanga kunye nokuthelekisa iyeza elitsha, uthintela, okanye isixhobo sonyango namayeza amadala asele ebhalisiwe (avunyiweyo), othintela okanye izixhobo zonyango, okanye ezinye indlela zonyango.
Isigaba sesine: Uvavanyo lwamayeza kwesisigaba lwenziwa enva kokuba iyeza elitsha, uthintela, okanye isixhobo sonyango sibhalisiwe phantsi yi-MCC oko kukuthi emva kokuba iyeza elitsha, uthintela, okanye isixhobo sonyango sibhalisiwe kwaye sivunyelwe ukuthengiswa.
Ukufumana eminye imisebenzi yeyeza elitsha, uthintela, okanye isixhobo sonyango.
Isigaba ngasinye sinenjongo zaso ezithile kunye neziphumo ezingazuzeka, ukungozi kwaye umenzakalo ungahluka ngokwesigaba.
Kuzo zonke izigaba zovavanyo abantu abathatha inxaxheba kuphando baqwalaselwa ngokungqongqo ukuze kubonwe iziganeko ezingalunganga okanye iziphumo ezingalindelekanga. Iziganeko ezingalindelekanga (I-AEs) zizo naziphina impawu, imiqondiso okanye izifo ezinxulumene neyeza/ unyango oluphantsi koqwalaselo ezingamkelekanga okanye ebekunga joliswanga kuzo.
Iyeza elithengiswayo liyeza esele libhalisiwe kwabasemagunyeni abalawulayo kweli (MCC) ukuza lisetyenziselwe izifo ezithile. Eliyeza sele lingaphaya kwesigaba sokuphuhliswa kwaye ukulunga, ukukhuseleka kunye nokusebenza kwalo sele kusaziwa. Amayeza athengiswato akwabizwa njengamayeza avunyiweyo okanye amayeza abhalisiweyo.
Imveliso yokuphanda liyeza/ uthintela/ okanye isixhobo sonyango esi kulunga, ukhuseleko/ okanye ukusebenza kwawo okusephantsi kovavanyo lwamayeza olulodwa. Kuse nokuba ngaphezulu kwemveliso enye phantsi kovavanyo lwamayeza. Imveliso yokuphanda ise nokuba ngamayeza/ uthintela okanye isixhobo sonyango esibhalisiweyo okenye esingabhaliswanga. Amanye amagama asetyenziswayo ngala: iyeza lokufunda, ichiza lokufunda, ichiza lokuvavanywa/ iyeza kunye nemveliso yovavanyo.
Umxhasi ngumntu oyedwa, inkampani, iziko okanye umbutho othatha iimfanelo zongeniso, impatho kunye nokulungiselela ngezimali uvavanyo lwamayeza. Abaxhasi idla ngokuba ngabenzi bemveliso yamayeza, urhulumente, amaziko enza uphando, amaziko empilo kaZwelonke (I-WHO), urhulumente wamanye amazwe, njalo njalo.
Umphandi ngumntu onesakhono esithile onoxanduva lokuyila, ukuhlalutya kwaye / okanye anike ingxelo ngovavanyo olulodwa lwamayeza. Abaphandi badla ngokusebenza njengeqela. Inkokheli yeqela labaphandi ibizwa ngokuba nguMphandi oyiNtloko (PI). I-PI isebenza kwaye iphendula kubaxhasi kunye nabasemagunyeni abalawulayo. Abaphandi ingaba ngogqirha, oogqirha bamazinyo , abongikazi, iincutshe zezobalo, iinnzululwazi zezamayeza, oosokhemesti, abanezakhono ezithile zengulo yengqondo, okanye ilungu losingagqirha, njalo njalo.
Iqumrhu lowawulo lwezamayeza (MCC) leli elilawula ukwenzawa kovavanyo lwamayeza kunye nokubhaliswa kwamayeza kunye nezixhobo zonyango ezisetyenziselwa izifo ezizodwa. I-MCC inoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba lonke uvavanyo lwamayeza lawo mayeza angabhaliswanga kunye nemiqondiso emitsha yamayeza abhalisiweyo ahambiselana meemfuneko zokhuseleko, ukulunga kunye nokusebenza.
Izicelo zovavanyo lwamayeza kunye nokubhaliswa kwamayeza kunye nezixhobo zonyango ziphononongwa yikomiti yeencutshe ye-MCC, ethi iqwalasele phakathi kwezinye izinto iimeko zobunzululwazi, ezonyango, kunye nemiba yemikhwa esesikweni ekusetyenzisweni. Iingxelo ngenkqubela zophando zithunyelwa rhoqo kwi-MCC. Ubungqina bokhuseleko, ukulunga kunye nokusebenza kufuneka buthunyelwe xa kusenziwa isicelo kwi-MCC sokuvunywa kunye nokubhaliswa kweyeza ukuze lisebenze eMzantsi afrika.
Nawuphi na umntu othatha isigqibo sokuthatha inxaxheba okanye osele ethatha inxaxheba njengomthathi nxaxheba kuphando lovavanyo lwamayeza unelungelo lokuvuma okusekelwe kulwazi olupheleleyo. Umthetho woMgaqo siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika wenombolo ka-108 we-1996: Igatya le-12 lithi "Wonke ubani unelungelo kwimfezeko yomzimba nengqondo okuquka ilungelo - ukuba ngokwegatyana u-(c) angabekwa phantsi kwemeko zovavanyo lwezonyango okanye ezobunzululwazi ngaphandle kwemvume esekelwe kulwazi olupheleleyo".
Yintoni na imvume esekelwe kulwazi olupheleleyo?
Imvume esekelwe kulwazi olupheleleyo yindlela eqhubelekayo apho lowo uthatha inxaxheba (ongathatha inxaxheba) afunda iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ngovavanyo olo lwamayeza lulodwa ukuze akwazi ukuthatha isigqibo sokuba athathe inxaxheba na okanye hayi okanye aqhubeleke ngokuthatha inxaxheba kolo vavanyo lwamayeza. Imvume esekelwe kulwazi olupheleleyo asikuko nje ukugcwalisa uxwebhu lokuvuma kwaye ingesosivumelwano esibophelelayo koko sisiseko semvume yomthathi ngamnye sokuthatha inxaxheba kolu vavanyo.
Imvume yakho esekelwe kulwazi olupheleleyo luyimfuneko ebalulekileyo kuphando oluhamba ngokwemikhwa esesikweni kunye nobunzululwazi.
Ulwazi malunikwe ngendlela elula necacileyo kusetyenziswa ulwimi lwakho.
Isigqibo sakho sokuthatha inxaxheba masikhululeke ekunyanzelisweni, ifuthe elinendlela engeyiyo okanye imbuyekezo.
Ikuba uyarhoxa kuvavanyo lwamayeza, oku akuyi kuchaphazela umgangatho wenkathalelo oyakuyifumana.
Imbuyekezo enikwayo ngokuthatha inxaxheba.
Ngoku kungasentla kucacile ukuba bonke abantu abanako ukunika imvume esekelwe kulwazi olupheleleyo okanye abo imvume esekelwe kulwazi olupheleleyo ifumanekayo egameni labo, banako ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lwamayeza. Abathathi nxaxheba basukela kubantwana abangekazalwa ukuya kubantu abadala, amadoda okanye abafazi, abaphile kakhulu ukuya kwabagula kakhulu, abaphilileyo okanye abaswelekileyo umntu ongekazalwa, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba unokuthatha inxaxheba ngokungathanga ngqo okanye ngokungenzi nto kuvavanyo lwamayeza ngokuthi uvumele ukusetyenziswa kolwazi lwamayeza olufumaneka kumaxwebhu akho amandulo okanye akhoyo agcinwe ngumlungiseleli ojongene nempilo yakho.
Imigaqo ebonakalisa ukuba ngaba umntu ukulungele ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lwamayeza olulodwa ibizwa ngokuba yimiqobo yokugweba ukuqukwa, kwaye leyo iphikisanayo nokuthatha inxaxheba ibizwe ngokuba yimiqobo yokugweba ukungaqukwa.
Imiqobo yokugweba ukuqukwa nokungaqukwa ibaluleke ngokungaphaya, yenzelwe ukukhusela abo bathatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba injongo zovavanyo ziyafezekiswa ngaphandle kobunzima obungeyo mfuneko.
Imigaqo yoVavanyo lwaMayeza yoMzantsi Afrika ifuna okokuba imithetho yokuziphatha kunye namanye amaxwebhu afunekayo ovavanyo lwamayeza olucetyiweyo lwenze uhlolo lwemikhwa esesikweni ngokuzimeleyo yikomiti yemikhwa esesikweni eqinisekisiweyo, evumelana nomgangatho esekwe liBhunga loPhando lempilo likaZwelonke lemikhwa Esesikweni. Uhlololwemikhwa esesikweni lunenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabanakho ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphando. Luvavanyo oluvunyiweyo yikomiti yemikhwa esesikweni eqinisekisiweyo kuphela olunokuthi lwenziwe eMzantsi Afrika.
Ubungakanani bomvuzo oya kubaphandi kunye nabathathinxaxheba ngokuthatha inxaxheba.
Imigaqo yokwenza uVavanyo lwaMayeza eMzantsi Afrika inyanzelisa ukuba iiKomiti zeMikhwa eseSikweni zinike uqwalaselo kumaqela athile abantu kuquka abantwana, abo bafikisayo ebuntwini, omama abakhulelweyo, indawo zokuhlala ezisemngciphekweni, abo bagula ngokungasenakuncedwa, abalupheleyo, abasuka kumaqela amancinane kunye nabasebenzi.
Uvavanyo lwamayeza lwenziwa kuphela ngenjongo yokulinga amayeza, izixhobo zonyango, indlela zonyango ezikuthi ekugqibeleni zibe nokufumaneka kwimpilo yabantu.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lwamayeza akukujongwa ngengentsusa yomvuzo okanye ukongeza umvuzo, kodwa phantse bonke abaxhasi bayayibuyekeza inkcitho efanelekileyo enxulumene nentatho nxaxheba, kuquka inkcitho yekuhamba, ukutya, inkathalelo yonyango nembuyekezo yemo ezimaxongo ezinobungqina kwaye zine-inshorensi ezinxulumene novavanyo.
Kusenokuba neziganeko ezingalunganga (SAEs) ezinxulumene namayeza okanye indlela ezisetyenziswayo kuvavanyo, kodwa ke abathathi nxaxheba kuphando bayalandelelwa ngoqhaphelo olumandla ukuze i-SAEs ziqwalaselwe kwantlandlolo kwaye zilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo. Kubakho ne-inshorensi kwezinye imeko ze-SAE, ukuze abo bathatha inxaxheba babe nako ukubuyekezwa ngokuyinfuneko. Amayeza, othintela, izixhobo zonyango okanye indlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa kuvavanyo zisengangabi namiphumela iyiyo kwingulo yakho; kodwa ke indlela zokhuselo ezisekiweyo ukuze abo bangaxhamliyo kwindlela zolawulo lovavanyo lonyango batshintshelwe kolunye unyango olungayimpumelelo ekhawulezileyo okanye ekupheleni kovavanyo.
Umqeshi wakho, uncedo lwakho lwezonyango (medical aid), i-inshorensi yakho kunye/okanye noMkhomishinala weMbuyekezo kumeNzakalo yaseMasebenzini usenokungakuhlawuli amabango anxulumene neziganeko engumphumela wokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lwamayeza; kungoko ke kubaluleke ngamandla ukuba uqiniseke ukuba umxhasi une-inshorensi equka konke kwaye efanelekileyo enxulumene nawe.
Kubalulekile ke ukuba uyixixe intatho nxaxheba yakho kuvavanyo lwamayeza nosapho lwakho nabo bonke aba bakuchatshazeleka phambi kokuba uzibandakanye novavanyo.
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Le ncwadana ilungiswe ngokunxulumene necandelo 14 loKhuthazo leLungelo kuMthetho woLwazi wama-2000 ("uMthetho"). Iqulathe ulwazi nge-SAMSA kwanendlela yokwenza isicelo sokufikelela kwiingxelo zayo ezigciniweyo.
UMthetho waseMzantsi Afrika weGunya loKhuselo lwaseLwandle wesi-5 wowe-1998 waseka i-SAMSA ngomhla woku-1 ku-Epreli 1998. Sinoxanduva kuMphathiswa wezoThutho, owonyula iBhodi kwaye amkele nesicwangciso sethu sonyaka soshishino. IBhodi ikhetha iGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko (i-CEO) elinoxanduva lolawulo lombutho ngokubanzi.
Igqiza lethu lolawulo lineGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko nabaLawuli abane abanoxanduva lwezigqeba ezine zombutho ezi zezi; imisebenzi; imigangatho; imithombo yoluntu nezemali, ulwazi lobuchwepheshe (i-IT) nokuphatha. Undlunkulu wethu usePitoli apho iGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko likhoyo kwanamacandelo emithombo yoluntu angala ezemali, ulwazi lobuchwepheshe (i-IT) nokuphatha akwalapho. Icandelo lemisebenzi liseKapa ; linee-ofisi zohlolo lwaselwandle e-Richards Bay, eThekwini, eMonti, eBhayi, e-Mossel Bay eKapa naseSaldanha. Icandelo lemigangatho liseThekwini.
Iinjongo zethu kukuqinisekisa ukhuselo lobomi nezinto eziselwandle, ukuthintela nokuphelisa ungcoliseko, kwanokukhuthaza umdla weRiphabhlikhi kwizinto zaselwandle.
Imizekelo ecacileyo yemisebenzi yethu iquka ; ubhaliso nokunikwa kweelayisenisi kweenqanawa; ukuhlolwa nokunikwa kweziqinisekiso kweenqanawa uqeqesho lokuhamba elwandle nokunikwa kweziqinisekiso; uthintelo longcoliseko nokusabela.
Icandelo le-10 loMthetho lifuna iKhomishini yaseMzantsi Afrika yamaLungelo oluNtu (I-SAHRC) ipapashe iSikhokelo esiqulethe ulwazi olunokufunwa ngumntu onqwenela ukusebenzisa okanye ukukhusela naliphi ilungelo ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho.
Imimiselo eyenziwe ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho.
Ukuba ufuna ukwenza isicelo sokufumana ingxelo egciniweyo ekwenye yezi zintlu zingentla zeengxelo ezigciniweyo, kufuneka uzalise ifomu yezicelo ekwisihlomelo sale ncwadana (kodwa jonga kwiCandelo lesi-7 lale ncwadana).
Kufuneka ungenise ifomu ezalisiweyo kunye nomrhumo wesicelo nediphozithi (ukuba kufuneka njalo) kwigosa lethu lolwazi kwidilesi yeposi, kwinombolo yefeksi okanye kwidilesi ye-e-mail ebhalwe kwicandelo lesi-2 lale ncwadana.
Ukuba esi sicelo usenzela umntu othile, kufuneka ungenise ubungqina obanelisayo obubonisa ukuba usenza ngabuni na isicelo eso.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukufumana ingxelo ayiyonto nje eyenzeka ngokulula kwaye kuya kufunwa ukuba uthobele zonke iimfuno zoMthetho ezihambelana nesicelo eso sakho. Uya kwaziswa ngendlela leyo exelwe nguwe kwifomu yesicelo ukuba ingaba isicelo sakho sivunyiwe okanye sikhatyiwe na.
Nabani na angasenza isicelo somlomo xa engakwazi ukufunda okanye ukubhala okanye enokulimala okumthintelayo okwenza angabinakho ukuzalisa ifomu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo igosa lethu lolwazi liya kuzalisa ifomu yesicelo kwaye linike olo ncedo lufunekayo.
Umrhumo welungelo lokufumana ubalwa wona ngokujonga iindleko zokuvelisa ezi ngxelo kwakhona , uphando, ixesha lolungiselelo neendleko zokuposa.
Le mirhumo imiselwe kwimimiselo eyenziwe phantsi koMthetho (jonga kwiSaziso sikaRhulumente No.R 187 sikaFebhruwari 2002).
Le mirhumo imiselwe ngokwemimiselo eyenziwe phantsi koMthetho jonga- Xa igosa lethu lolwazi lifumana isicelo sakho sokufumana iingxelo ezibhaliweyo, liya kuthi ngesaziso lifune wena ukuba ayisosakho esi sicelo uhlawule umrhumo wesicelo omiselweyo phambi kokuba kuqhutyelwe phambili nesicelo. Ukongeza koku, ukuba isicelo sakho sivunyiwe, uya kwaziswa ukuba uhlawule umrhumo welungelo lofikelelo: lo mrhumo uquka uphando, ukwenziwa kweekopi nokulungiswa nexesha elifunekayo ngaphezulu kwezi yure zimiselweyo ukuze kuphandwe kwaye kulungiswe le ngxelo ukuba idizwe, kuqukwa namalungiselelo okokuba ikhutshwe ngokwendlela oyifuna ngayo. Kwezinye iimeko ezithile kusenokufunwa uhlawule idiphozithi phambi kokuba kunikwe ilungelo lokufikelela; le diphozithi yinxalenye yomrhumo wokufumana ingxelo kwaye ukuba isicelo sikhatyiwe iya kubuyiswa.
Ezi zintlu zilandelayo zeengxelo ezigciniweyo zifumaneka ngokulula ukuba umntu azihlole, azithenge okanye enze iikopi okanye azifumane simahla.
Sinika iinkonzo kuwonke-wonke ngokuhambiselana neenjongo zethu kwanoxanduva olungummiselo.
Asinawo amalungiselelo othatho-nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke asisigxina avumela amalungu kawonke-wonke ukuba abenefuthe ekwenziweni komgaqo-nkqubo okanye ekwenziweni kwemisebenzi yi-SAMSA. Phofu ke, icandelole-11 loMthetho wesi-5 waseMzantsi Afrika weGunya loKhuselo lwaseLwandle wowe- 1998 ufuna i-SAMSA xa isenza imisebenzi yayo ukuba isebenzisane namaqela achaphazelekayo apho kufuneka njalo. Sikwenza oku ngeendlela ngeendlela, umzekelo ngokulandela isaziso esifanelekileyo neenkqubo zokwenza amagqabantshinsthi kwimeko yowiso-mthetho olucetywayo. Ukuba ubani unezimvo ngombandela othile, wamkelekile ukuba aqhakamshelane nondlunkulu wethu okanye nayo nayiphi na i-ofisi yengingqi.
Asinayo inkqubo yesibheno yangaphakathi. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuba igosa lethu lolwazi liyasikhaba isicelo sakho kwaye ukhathazekile sesi sigqibo kwakufuneka ubhenele kwindlela yoncedo yangaphandle.
Ukuba ukhathazekile kukukhatywa kwesicelo sakho ligosa lethu lolwazi, ungathi, kwithuba leentsuku ezingama-30 wenze isicelo kwiNkundla. Iqela lesithathu nalo elikhathazwe kukukhatywa kwesicelo ligosa lethu lolwazi, lingenza njalo. Ngokweenjongo zalo Mthetho, iiNkundla ezinolawulo kwezi zicelo yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko, iNkundla ePhakamileyo okanye enye inkundla ekwisikhundla esifanayo nesezi nkundla.
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Imbono yeli Sebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya kukunika inkonzo yodidi lwehlabathi. Kule minyaka yangoku ukucwangcisa ngobuchule kuqalise ukudlala indima ecacileyo kwimizamo yeSebe yokuphucula ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo kubo bonke abaxumi balo kwilizwe lonke. Kubethelela engqondweni ukuba wonke umntu eMzantsi Afrika- ummi, umhlali, imbacu okanye undwendwe ngumxumi weSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu yinjongo yobuchule bokuqala ekhokelela kucwangciso negalelo leSebe. ISebe lizibophelela kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo eziya kuba sisiseko sokubumba ngokutsha izixokelelwano zamaziko akhoyo kunye noshishino ezinika isiseko sokuhambisa iinkonzo.
Injongo yesebe kukuphucula nokukhusela ubulungisa besizwe. Injongo: Kukuchonga ooNdoqo kwiMpumelelo yeeNkonzo.
Intshayelelo yomGaqo-siseko ibeka imfanelo kurhulumente yokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke abemi nokukhulula amandla afihlakeleyo omntu ngamnye.
ISebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya likhupha amaxwebhu anika abantu amalungelo kwizindlu, kwimfundo, kwimpilo, kwizibonelelo zentlalo, kwimihlala-phantsi, kwimisebenzi, kwiinkonzo zemali nokusebenzisa elona lungelo lisisiseko - ukukhetha urhulumente othandwa ngabo. Ukongeza, iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya lizimisele ukukhusela ubulungisa belizwe lethu ngokuthatha isigqibo sokuba ngubani ongandwendwela uMzantsi Afrika, nokokuba ngubani onokonwaba kunye nathi kubuhle namalungelo edemokhrasi yethu noqoqosho lwayo oluncinane nolusakhulayo.
Ukuze idemokhrasi noqoqosho lwanamhla zibe ziinkqubo ezisebenzayo,, kufuneka abantu ngabanye abahlala nabasebenza elizweni barekhodwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuba bangoobani na kwaye esithini na amawonga abo. Kufuneka ezi nkcukacha zifikeleleke. Imisebenzi engundoqo yeSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya yile: ukurekhodishwa kweenkcukacha zokuba umntu ungubani na kwaye lithini na iwonga lakhe, bantu abo abangaba; abemi, abahlali kunye nabatyeleli - babalulekile kulawulo nokumiswa kakuhle kwemisebenzi yopolitiko, yoqoqosho neyentlalo. Benza isiseko solawulo ngedemokhrasi nophuhliso.
ISebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya likwayindlela yokuba abantu bethu neendwendwe zethu zibone urhulumente nelizwe lethu. Bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika kunye neendwendwe zamanye amazwe kwilizwe lethu bafuna iinkonzo kwiSebe. Ngako oko iimbono zabo ngokunikezelwa kweenkonzo zikarhulumente jikelele zisekelwe kula mava. Ukongeza kulawulo lwezi rekhodi, iSebe linomsebenzi wokulawula abantu abangenayo nabaphumayo eMzantsi Afrika.
UMthetho wesiLungiso wabafudukeli/wabangeneleli omtsha (uMthetho we-19 wama-2004) ophunyezwe ngomhla we-18 ku-Okthobha wama-2004 uguqule ngokugqibeleleyo ulawulo lomfudukeli kwilizwe lethu. Ngeli xesha kwenziwa umsebenzi omninzi kuqeqeshwa amagosa eSebe ajongene nemicimbi yabafudukeli ngokwemigqaliselo yowiso-mthetho olutsha kwaye kukwalungiswa neMimiselo ephuma kulo mthetho. ISebe lilawula kwaye linyanzelisa uMthetho weeMbacu (uMthetho we-130 we-1998) oquka ukunika impembelelo kwizixhobo zamazwe ngamazwe ezinxulumene nabasabi. Ngokubanzi iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya libonelela ngeenkonzo ezimbini ezingundoqo: iinkonzo zommi wesixeko neenkonzo zabangeneleli.
Inkonzo yabangeneleli inxulumene nolawulo lokungena, lokuhlala nokuphuma kwabantu bamanye amazwe eMzantsi Afrika ezilawulwa nguMthetho wabangeneleli noMthetho weeMbacu. Nakumazwe ngamazwe ungenelelo luyagqalwa ukumisela amalungelo aphambili esizwe. Kwimeko yoMzantsi Afrika inkonzo yabangeneleli ingena nakwimizebenzi eyenziwa ngamaziko namasebe karhulumente awohlukeneyo.
Le nkonzo ikwaquka ukwenziwa kwemigaqo, ukubeka esweni kwemisebenzi yongenelelo kumaphondo nakwii-ofisi zamaZwe angaphandle, ukwandisa iqela leemvume ezilawulwa liSebe, ukungena okuzingileyo kwabantu bamazwe angaphandle eMzantsi Afrika. Phofu ke, ngokweenjongo zale ncwadana , ulwazi oluninzi luya kunxulumana neenkonzo ezibhekiselele kubemi boMzantsi Afrika. Incwadana eyenye engeenkonzo zongenelelo iya kuveliswa. Iya kusasazwa ngokubanzi xa imimiselo yongenelelo ithe yagqitywa, mhlawumbi loo nto iya kungqamana nokwaziswa kwenkqubo yolawulo longenelelo eMzantsi Afrika.
Okwexeshena,, bekungacacanga kubantu abaninzi ukuba kulindelwe ntoni na emntwini ukuze abe nokufikelela kwiinkonzo zeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Le ncwadana ithi , ISebe leMicimbi yaseKhaya lincedana nawe ifuna ukucacisa ngokulula nangokuvakalayo, ukubaluleka kokwenza isicelo samaxwebhu akhoyo kwiMicimbi yaseKhaya, iimfuno zokucela uncedo ngalunye, iindleko ezihamba noko, , ubungakanani bexesha elithathwayo nolwazi olusemxholweni olunxulumene neeNkonzo zeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Ngenxa yokuba wonke umntu eMzantsi Afrika, engummi, umhlali, imbacu okanye umtyeleli - ungumxumi weSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ngoko ke, ukunikezelwa kwenkonzo ekumgangatho ophezulu ngoyena ndoqo okhokela ucwangciso nenyathelo lesebe. ISebe lizibophelele kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo eziya kulibumba ngokutsha kwaye ziphucule izixokelelwano neenkqubo ezivula umhlaba wokuba kunikezelwe iinkonzo ezisemgamgathweni.
Le ncwadana kwakhona iya kunika izalathisi zokuphendula umbuzo onzima: ngubani ummi woMzantsi Afrika, ngubani onelungelo lobumi boMzantsi Afrika Kuyaqondakala ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba iingcinga zemeko elolu hobo zivuselele iimvakalelo xa kujongwe imbali yelizwe lethu, apho sisuka khona, apho siya khona nokuba singabantu ababodwa kwaye abangafaniyo, singayinika njani intsingiselo xa sisonke nangabanye kwizithethe ezixabisekileyo eziqulethwe kumGaqo-siseko wethu. ISebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya liyaqhubeka kwaye liya kuqhubeka likhokelwa yintlonipho yomyalelo okumgaqo-siseko othi uMzantsi Afrika ngowabo bonke abo bahlala kuwo, bemanyene koko kungafani kwethu?
UmGaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika uthembisa ilungelo lokuba ngummi kwaye uthi akukho namnye ummi onokulivinjwa eli lungelo. NgokoMthetho wobuMi boMzantsi Afrika UMthetho wama-88 we-1995 noMthetho we-17 wama-2004 ngokwesilungiso, ubumi boMzantsi Afrika bungafunyanwa ngokuzalwa, ngokomnombo, ukunikwa amalungelo obumi, ukubuyiselwa okanye ukubhaliswa encwadini.
UMthetho ochazwe ngaphambili uqale ukusebenza ngomhla wesi-6 ku-Okhtobha ngowe-1995. Uchaza ukuba ummi woMzantsi Afrika ngokuzalwa nguye nabani ozalelwe eMzantsi Afrika onomzali omnye ebuncinaneni ongummi woMzantsi Afrika okanye umhlali osisigxina ngexesha lo mntu ebezalwa. Amalungiselelo ahlukeneyo ebekho kwiminyaka engaphambi kwalo Mthetho. Nabani na ochatshazelwayo yile nto ofuna kumiselwe ubumi bakhe kufuneka aqhagamshelane ne-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekufutshane okanye izithunywa zoMzantsi Afrika ukuba uphesheya.
Umntwana ozelwe eMzantsi Afrika ongengommi waseMzantsi Afrika unelungelo lokuba ngummi ngokuzalwa ukuba umamkele njengomntwana ongowakhe ummi waseMzantsi Afrika ngokuphathelele kuMthetho woNakekelo lomNtwana we-1983 (uMthetho wama-74 we-1983). Nceda qaphela ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana kufuneka kubhalisiwe ngokunxulumene noMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa we-1992.
Ummi woMzantsi Afrika ngokomnombo nguye nabani ongazalelwanga eMzantsi Afrika ozelwe ngummi okanye abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Ukuzalwa kwakhe kufuneka kubhalisiwe ngokunxulumene noMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa we-1992.
Nabanina onemvume yokuhlala esisigxina yoMzantsi Afrika unelungelo lokwenza isicelo sobumi boMzantsi Afrika ngokunikwa ilungelo lobumi emva kweminyaka emihlanu engumhlali osisigxina. Nabani otshate ummi waseMzantsi Afrika unelungelo lokunikwa ilungelo lommi kwiminyaka emibini emva kokuba enikwe imvume yomhlali osisigxina ngexesha atshatela kummi waseMzantsi Afrika. Umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 onemvume yokuhlala esisigxina unelungelo lokunikwa ubumi kwangoko emva kokunikwa imvume.
Uxwebhu lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa ngokunxulumene noMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa we-1992. Kwimeko yokwamkelwa njengomntwana ulungiselelo lokwamkelwa njengontwana nalo luyafuneka.
Ifomu B1-24 nefomu B1-529 ezigcwaliswe ngumenzi-sicelo.
Ifomu B1-529 egcwaliswe ngumzali ongummi woMzantsi Afrika.
Isatifiketi sokuzalwa somemzi-sicelo welinye ilizwe.
Ukuba umenzi-sicelo wazalwa ngaphandle komtshato kufuneka bobabini abazali batyikitye ifomu yobhaliso uB1-24.
Isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa somzali waseMzantsi Afrika.
Ifomu B1-63 nefomu B1-757 ezigcwaliswe ngumenzi-sicelo.
Isiqinisekiso somhlali esisigxina.
ISAP (91) unyatheliso lweminwe epheleleyo - ukufumana ingxelo yamapolisa.
Umzali onemfanelo okanye umgcini osemthethweni kufuneka atyikitye iifomu zesicelo ukuba umntu ofuna ukunikwa ilungelo lobumi ungumntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16.
Ifomu engu-B1-9 eminwe yonke enyathelisiweyo kunye neefoto ezimbini ezilingana nobukhulu beze-ID (45mm ubude x 36mm ububanzi) kufuneka ingenisiwe kubantwana abangaphezulu kweminyaka eli-15. Oku kwenzelwa ukufumana isazisi emva kokuba ukunikwa ilungelo lobumi kuvunyiwe.
efumana ubumi belinye ilizwe ngokuzithandela kwaye ngokomthetho osesikweni, ngaphandle komtshato okanye esebenzela umkhosi welinye ilizwe, apho akwangummi xa elo lizwe likwimfazwe noMzantsi Afrika.
Nangona kunjalo oku akusebenzi ukuba umntu wenze isicelo kuMphathiswa sokugcina ubumi bakhe boMzantsi Afrika phambi kokufumana ubumi belinye ilizwe kunye/okanye phambi kokusebenzela umkhosi welinye ilizwe.
Ukufumanisa ukuba umntu ulahlekelwe bubumi boMzantsi Afrika ifomu engu-B1-529 kufuneka igcwaliswe ize ingeniswe nakweyiphi i-ofisi yeSebe elizweni okanye ngaphandle kwelizwe.
Isiqinisekiso/isatifiketi sokunikwa ilungelo lobumi sasifunyenwe ngobuqhinga okanye unike ulwazi olungeyonyaniso ngaye.
Ungummi welinye ilizwe kwaye ukhe wabanjwa wavalelwa iinyanga ezili-12 nakweliphi ilizwe ngetyala ebeliya kuba lityala naseMzantsi Afrika.
Kuzo zombini ezi meko akukho sicelo sibandakanyekayo. Loo mntu ubandakanyekayo ufumana ileta (audi alteram). Kuloo leta kukho icandelo apho anganika izizathu ecacisa ukuba kungani engenakohluthwa ubumi. Oku kuya kuqwalaselwa phambi kokuba kuthathwe isigqibo sokugqibela.
Umntu onqwenela ukufumana ngokusesikweni ubumi belinye ilizwe kufuneka enze isicelo kuMphathiswa kwezeMicimbi yaseKhaya sokugcina ubumi bakhe boMzantsi Afrika phambi kokufumana ubumi belinye ilizwe.
Izicelo zinokungeniswa kuyo nakweyiphi i-ofisi yeSebe ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwelizwe.
Phambi kokuba uMthetho wobuMi boMzantsi Afrika olungisiweyo (uMthetho we-17 wama-2004) usebenze, ummi woMzantsi Afrika owayesebenzisa incwadana yokundwendwela yelinye ilizwe wayesenokuba wohluthiwe ubumi bakhe nguMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Imfuneko yokhululo okanye iileta zokuvunyelwa eziphuma kuMphathiswa ukuze ubani asebenzise incwadana yokundwendwela yamanye amazwe azisekho.
Ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho wesiLungiso sobuMi boMzantsi Afrika wama-2004 oqale ukusebenza ngomhla we-15 kuSeptemba 2004, lityala ngoku kummi woMzantsi Afrika ongaphezulu kweminyaka engama-21 ukungena okanye ukushiya uMzantsi Afrika xa esebenzisa incwadana yokundwendwela yelinye ilizwe. Kwaye ikwalityala kulo mmi xa eseMzantsi Afrika aze asebenzise ubumi belinye ilizwe okanye ubuzwe kuba efuna ukuzuza okanye ephepha imfanelo okanye umsebenzi.
angenza isicelo sokubuyiselwa ubumi bakhe boMzantsi Afrika. Kodwa ke lo mntu kufuneka abuyele eMzantsi Afrika umphelo.
ubungqina obubhaliweyo ngumenzi-sicelo ukuba uhlala isigxina eMzantsi Afrika, ikopi yedompasi/isazisi ikopi yesatifiketi somtshato ukuba utshatile umrhumo omiselweyo oyi-R115.00 kunye ne-R12 yesazisi.
UMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa (wama-51 we-1992) uchaza ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana kufuneka kuchazwe kwaye kubhaliswe kwiintsuku ezingama-30 umntwana ezelwe. Oku kuya kunceda iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekuhlaziyeni iincwadi zalo kwaye kulincede ukuba liyile iRejista yabaNtu ethembekileyo nechanekileyo elizweni. Kuya kunceda kwakho iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ukuba likhawuleze ekunikezeleni ezinye iinkonzo enokuba nazo xa umntwana ekhulile (umzekelo: isiqinisekiso/isatifiketi sokuzalwa, isazisi, isiqinisekiso/isatifiketi sokufa njalo njalo). Xa kubhaliswa ukuzalwa, ubani kufuneka agcwalise ifomu B1-24 (ISaziso sokuZalwa) ize le fomu ingeniswe kwiNkonzo yoMzantsi Afrika ekufutshane okanye kuMmeli-lizwe.
Ukuba umntwana akazalelwanga eMzantsi Afrika kwaye omnye wabazali ngummi woMzantsi Afrika ngexesha lokuzalwa, ukuzalwa kungachazwa kuMzi wozakuzo waseMzantsi Afrika okanye kuMmeli -lizwe okanye kwi-ofisi yommandla yeSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya eMzantsi Afrika.
Ikopi yesatifiketi somntwana sokuzalwa samanye amazwe esineenkcukacha ezipheleleyo zabazali bomntwana.
Kwimeko apho umntwana aneminyaka eli-15 nangaphezulu ifomu B1-9 yesicelo sesazisi kufuneka igcwalisiwe.
Kubalulekile ukuba umzali omnye okanye umgcini osemthethweni akuchaze ukuzalwa. Ukuba abazali okanye umgcini akanakho ukukwenza oku, umntu ocelwe ngabazali okanye umgcini angakwenza oku egameni labo. Lo mntu kufuneka abe nemvume ebhalwe ngabo.
Umntwana ozelwe emtshatweni angabhaliswa ngefani katata okanye kamama wakhe okanye kwiifani zombini ekamama nekatata ukuba abazali bobabini bayavumelana.
Umntwana ozelwe ngaphandle komtshato angabhaliswa ngefani kamama wakhe. Umntwana angabhaliswa nangefani katata wakhe ukuba utata lowo uyavuma ukuba ungutata womntwana. Bobabini umama notata kufuneka bavume ukubhalisa umntwana ngefani katata phambi kwegosa lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
Nangona uMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa (wama-51 we-1992) ufuna ukuba ukuzalwa kosana kubhaliswe kwiintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuzalwa iimeko ezithile zingenza oku kungenzeki. Izaziso zokuzalwa emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 zibizwa ngokuba lubhaliso lwasemva kwexesha. Ifomu efunekayo kule meko yeyeSaziso sokuZalwa (B1-24) etyikitywe ngumzali omnye okanye umgcini.
Ukuzalwa okuchazwe emva kweminyaka eli-15.
Kule meko abazali okanye umgcini kufuneka agcwalise ifomu B1-24. Umzali okanye umgcini kufuneka anike izizathu ezichaza ukuba kungani kungazange kwabhaliswa ukuzalwa kwiintsuku ezingama-30 njengoko kufunwa ngumthetho.
Ukuba abazali abatshatanga kwaye banqwenela ukubhalisa umntwana ngefani katata wakhe kufuneka utata avume ukuba ungumzali kwisithuba esinikwe kwifomu B1-24. Utata ngoko kufuneka ekho xa kubhaliswa.
Ukuba abazali batshatile umntwana uya kubhaliswa ngefani katata wakhe.
Indleko: Oku kwenziwa simahla.
Abazali okanye umgcini kufuneka bagcwalise ifomu B1-24/1. Kufuneka kwakho banike izizathu zokungabhalisi kwiintsuku ezingama-30 njengoko kufunwa ngumthetho. Amaxwebhu achazwe kumhlathi 3.3 kufuneka angeniswe ngaxesha linye.
Indleko: Oku kwenziwa simahla.
Ukuzalwa okuchazwe emva kweminyaka eli-15.
Xa kubhaliswa kufuneka bagcwalise ifomu B1-24/15. Oku kukhatshwa yifomu B1-9 (isicelo sesazisi) kunye namaxwebhu afunekayo achazwe kumhlathi 3.3. Umzali okanye umgcini kufuneka anike izizathu ezichaza ukuba kungani kungazange kwabhaliswa kwiintsuku ezingama-30 njengoko kufunwa ngumthetho.
Indleko: Oku kwenziwa simahla.
Ikopi engqinelweyo yesazisi sikamama ukuba abazali abatshatanga kwaye utata umkhanyele umntwana. Okanye ukuba utata womntwana uvumile, iikopi ezingqinelweyo zezazisi zabo bobabini abazali ziyafuneka.
Isatifiketi sesibhedlele okanye apho umntwana azalelwe khona.
Isiqinisekiso seenkcukacha zomntwana njengoko ziqulathiwe kwirejista yesikolo okanye isatifiketi sesikolo sokuqala aye kuso umntwana esityikitywe yinqununu.
Ingxelo ephuma kumntu onolwazi ngomenzi-sicelo kwaye onokungqina ukuba umenzi-sicelo ngumzali womntwana. Lo mntu kwakufuneka kwakho ekhaphe umenzi-sicelo ukuya kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya apho umenzi-sicelo kunye nomntu lowo baya kuba nodliwano-ndlebe olwahlukeneyo.
Xa kubhaliswa umntwana onabazali kunye/okanye izalamane ezingenakufumaneka, kugcwaliswa ifomu yesaziso sokuzalwa (B1-24) . Ingxelo evela kunontlalo-ntle iyafuneka njengoko iinkcukacha ezivela kubazali zingekho. Ngexesha lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa okuthatha usuku olunye, kwimeko apho ukuzalwa kuchazwe kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ezimiselweyo isatifiketi esifinyeziweyo sinikwa simahla.
Nceda qaphela, ubhaliso lwasemva kwexesha lungathatha ixesha elide kuba luxhomekeke kuphando olufunekayo lokuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana lo ungubani lisithini na iwonga lakhe. Ukuphepha oku kulibaziseka, ukuzalwa komntwana kufuneka kubhaliswe kwiintsuku ezingama-30.
Indleko: Oku kwenziwa simahla.
Njengenxalenye yokuzibophelela ekuphuculeni umgangatho wabemi bonke, iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya lisungule iPhulo loBhaliso lomNtwana. nge-elektronika Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya linakho ukubhalisa kwaye likhuphe izatifiketi zokuzalwa ezifinyeziweyo kwizibhedlele ezithabatha inxaxheba kwangoko emva kokuzalwa kosana. Lo msebenzi uya kwenziwa kwizibhedlele ezininzi kangangoko.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukwenza isicelo sesazisi (ID)?
Isazisi luxwebhu olungqina ukuba ungubani na.. Ngamanye amazwi sibonisa ukuba ungulowo uzixela ukuba unguye. Kuneemeko ezininzi apho kuya kufuneka usebenzise i-ID yakho. Uya kusebenzisa i-ID ukufikelela kwizindlu, kwimfundo, kwiinkonzo zempilo, ukuthatha iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba, ukufikelela kumathuba omsebenzi, ukubhalisela iimviwo, ukungena kwiimvumelwano zoshishino okanye ulwahlulelwano okanye nokubhalisela imali ye-inshorensi yokungaPhangeli. Izazisi zikwasetyenziswa kuvoto lwesizwe, lwamaphondo nolwasekhaya.
Ngubani onelungelo lokwenza isicelo sesazisi?
Izazisi zikhutshwa ngokweCandelo lama- 25 loMthetho wokuZazisa we-1997. Lo mthetho uchaza ukuba ummi waseMzantsi Afrika, umhlali osisigxina unemvume kwaye uneminyaka eli-16 okanye ngaphezulu unelungelo lokwenza isicelo sesazisi.
Nabanina osebenzela urhulumente okanye amaziko amiswe ngokomthetho angekho eMzantsi Afrika okanye othunywe ukuba asebenzela urhulumente kwelinye ilizwe naye unelungelo lokufumana isazisi. Oku kubhekisa nakumlingane womntu kunye/okanye nabantwana.
Ikopi engqinelweyo yesatifiketi sokuzalwa okanye inombolo yedompasi okanye ikopi yesazisi samaphandle iTBVC (Phesheya kweNciba, Bophutatswana, Venda, nomNeno Nciba) uxwebhu lokuhambela neefoto ezimbini ezifana ngobukhulu neze-ID zakutsha-nje iminwe iya kuthathelwa ukurekhodishwa kwiRejista yabaNtu kwifomu yesicelo B1-9. Oku kungenziwa kuphela ligosa leSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya kwi-ofisi yommandla okanye yengingqi okanye kwiNkonzo yamanye amazwe oMzantsi Afrika phesheya.
Ukuba utshatile, kufuneka kungeniswe nesatifiketi sokutshata.
Ukuba umfazi usebenzisa isazisi kwaye uphinda usebenzisa nayiphi ifani ebesaziwa ngayo uxwebhu olusisiqinisekiso umzekelo isatifiketi sokuzalwa okanye sokutshata kufuneka singenisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba unelungelo kuloo fani.
Kwimeko yokuphinda kukhutshwe, i-ID ingakhutshelwa kwakho abantu abazazisi zabo zilahlekileyo, zibiweyo nezimoshakeleyo.
Ukuba kuqhawulwe umtshato kufuneka kungeniswe isatifiketi soqhawulo- mtshato.
Ubuhlolo/ubuhlolokazi, isatifiketi sokufa somlingane wakho siyafuneka.
Kwimeko yommi ngokunikwa ilungelo lobumi okanye umhlali osisigxina isatifiketi sokunikwa ilungelo lobumi okanye isatifiketi sokuhlala isigxina okanye isatifiketi sokukhululwa kufuneka sinamatheliswe.
Kwimeko yokubhaliswa kokuzalwa emva kwexesha jonga kumhlathi wesi-3.2.4 ongentla.
Isicelo sokuqala senziwa simahla. Abenzi-sicelo kufunwa ukuba beze neefoto ezimbini ezibukhulu bazo bulingana neze-ID. Imali engange-R13 iyahlawulwa ekukhutshweni kwakhona kwesazisi.
Kuphi apho kunokwenziwa izicelo zezazisi?
Yiya kwi-ofisi yakho ekufutshane yeSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Iinkcukacha zee-ofisi zezithili zinikwe kumaphepha angasemva kule ncwadana. Abenzi-sicelo bamanye amazwe bangenza izicelo zezazisi kubameli-lizwe boMzantsi Afrika okanye kuKhomishina Omkhulu phesheya.
Emva kokukhutshwa kwesazisi, sithunyelwa kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya apho umenzi-sicelo ebengenise khona isicelo sakhe. Isazisi siya kuthunyelwa kuphela kwidilesi yokuposela yomenzi-sicelo ukuba umenzi-sicelo ukucelile oku waze wanika idilesi yokuposela enyanisekileyo.
ISebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya lisebenza izicelo zezazisi eziphakathi kwesigidi esinye nezithathu ngonyaka. Eli nani likhulu lezicelo lidityaniswe neengxaki zokugcwaliswa kakubi kweefomu zezicelo, zingakhokelela kwiziphoso ezifumaneka kwizazisi. Nangona kunjalo ezi ziphoso kwizazisi zilungiswa simahla. Iifomu B1-9 noB1-309 kunye nesiqinisekiso solwazi oluchanekileyo kunye neefoto ezimbini ezifanayo ezibukhulu bazo bulingana neze-ID kufuneka zingeniswe nakweyiphi i-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
Yintoni incwadana yokundwendwela?
Incwadana yokundwendwela luxwebhu olufunekayo ukuze uhambe uye kwamanye amazwe. Abemi baseMzantsi Afrika abacinga ukuhambela amazwe angaphandle koMzantsi Afrika kufuneka benze izicelo zeencwadana zokundwendwela kwangexesha.
Incwadana yokundwendwela eqhelekileyo inamaphepha angama-32 ize incwadana yokundwendwela eyandisiweyo ibe namaphepha angama-64. Zonke ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zichazwe ngokupheleleyo ekuhambeni apha kolu xwebhu.
Zonke izicelo zazo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeencwadana zokundwendwela kufuneka zigcwaliswe kwifomu yesicelo u-B1-73 kwaye kufuneka uzise ngokwakho kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya okanye kummeli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika, ukuba umenzi-sicelo uphesheya. Umenzi-sicelo kufuneka anelise igosa lencwadana yokundwendwela ngobunguye. Iifoto ziya kukhangelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba zingumfanekiso wakho onyanisekileyo. Abenzi-sicelo abaneminyaka eli-16 nangaphezulu kuya kuthathwa iminwe yabo ukuze baqinisekiswe kwiRejista yabaNtu.
Ngubani onelungelo lokucela incwadana yokundwendwela?
Ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika kuphela abanelungelo lencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika. Kwiimeko zabantu abanedompasi eluhlaza kunye needompasi ezindala ezakhutshwa phambi komhla woku-1 kaJulayi ngowe-1986 abenzi-sicelo kufuneka kuqala benze izicelo zezazisi ezinebhakhowudi. Abenzi-sicelo abaqalayo bangathanda ukwenza i-ID neencwadi zokundwendwela ngaxesha-nye. Izicelo zazo zombini zingenziwa ngaxesha-nye ukuba ubani akanakulinda kude kukhutshwe isazisi.
Ulwazi olufunekayo xa usenza isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela ikhutshelwa abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaneminyaka eli-16 nangaphezulu. Ukwenza isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela yabadala yoMzantsi Afrika kuya kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu B1-73 kwaye ungenise neefoto ezimbini zakutsha-nje ezibubukhulu bulingana nobencwadana yokundwendwela. Ukuba iminwe yakho ayikarekhodishwa kwiRejista yabaNtu kufuneka kuthathwe iminwe epheleleyo yakho kwifomu B1-9liGosa eligunyanzisiweyo lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Kuya kulindelwa kwakho ukuba ungenise ikopi engqinelweyo yesazisi sakho saseMzantsi Afrika okanye isatifiketi sokuzalwa.
Ixesha lokulungisa: Iiveki ezintandathu.
Abenzi-zicelo bangakhetha ukuya kuzithatha ngokwabo iincwadana zokundwendwela kwi-ofisi apho bebenze khona izicelo okanye bazifumane iincwadana zokundwendwela ngeposi eyirejista. Ukuba bakhetha ukuba ziposwe kufuneka behlawule imali yokuposa ngerejista engama-R21.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela yeyeminyaka eli-10.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yabantwana ikhutshelwa abemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16. Xa usenza isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela yabantwana kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu B1-73.
Isicelo kufuneka sikhatshwe sisatifiketi sokuzalwa, imvume yabazali ukuba ngaba batshatile kunye neefoto ezimbini zakutsha-nje ezibubukhulu obulingana nezencwadana yokundwendwela. Ukuba uzalwe ngaphandle komtshato yimvume kamama wakho okuzeleyo kuphela efunekayo ukuba kukhutshwe incwadana yokundwendwela.
Ingaya kuthathwa kwindawo ebekwenziwe kuyo isicelo okanye ithunyelwe ngeposi eyirejista.
Incwadana yokundwendwela eyandisiweyo ingamaphepha angama-64. Yasungulwa ngomhla wesi-2 kuDisemba ngowama-2002 ukunika abahambi rhoqo uxwebhu lokuhamba olunamaphepha angaphezulu kunama-32 encwadana yokundwendwela yabakhenkethi. Le ncwadana yokundwendwela iyafana nencwadana yokundwendwela yabakhenkethi ngaphandle nje kokuba iqulathe inani lamaphepha eliphindiweyo ukunika amaphepha athe kratya emvume yokungena kwelinye ilizwe. Imali emiselweyo iphinda-phinda leyo yencwadana yokundwendwela yabakhenkethi eqhelekileyo.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela yeyeminyaka eli-10.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yethutyana ikhutshelwa abemi boMzantsi Afrika ekufuneka bahambe ngokungxamisekileyo ngenxa yezizathu ezivakalayo kwaye benganakulinda ukukhutshwa kweencwadana zabo zokundwendwela ezifanelekileyo.. Incwadana yokundwendwela yethutyana ikhutshwa kuphela kwimeko apho sekwenziwe isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela esisigxina.. Xa kusenziwa isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela kulindelwe ukuba abenzi-sicelo bagcwalise ifomu B1-73.
Iindleko: R70. Kuhlawulwa nomrhumo weR12 wokuthumela ngefeksi iminwe ukuba kufuneka ubungqina obungxamisekileyo.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela yeyeenyanga ezi-12.
abantu abanenjongo yokuhambela ngokungxamisekileyo amazwe angabamelwane angafuni zivisa zokungena okanye ukubuyela ngokungxamisekileyo eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukwenza isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela yexesha likaxakeka kugcwaliswa ifomu B1-73 ngokupheleleyo. Ukongeza kufuneka kungeniswe ileta yokucacisa ukuba kungani ufuna incwadana yokundwendwela yexesha likaxakeka kunye nesazisi soMzantsi Afrika okanye isatifiketi sokuzalwa. Ukuba incwadana yokundwendwela yokuqala yoMzantsi Afrika ibiwe okanye ilahlekile ingxelo yamapolisa iyafuneka ukuze isicelo sisetyenzwe..
Incwadana yokundwendwela yaseburhulumenteni ikhutshelwa amagosa akumaziko karhulumente ahambela izinto zasemthethweni. Zonke izicelo kufuneka zigcwaliswe kwifomu B1-73 kwaye uzise ngokwakho kwi-Ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya okanye kummeli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika, ukuba uphesheya.isicelo kufuneka sikhatshwe yileta evela kwiziko apho umenzi-sicelo asebenza khona kunye nezizathu ezibangela ukuba umenzi-sicelo afune incwadana yokundwendwela yaseburhulumenteni.
Ixesha lokulungisa: Iveki enye ukuya kwezintandathu kuxhomekeke ukuba uhambo lungxamiseke kangakanani na.
Le ncwadana yeyeminyaka emi-5.
Ukuba incwadana yokundwendwela yoMzantsi Afrika ilahlekile okanye ibiwe indleko yokuyibuyisela iyiphinda kabini leyo wawuyihlawule kuqala. Isicelo kufuneka sikhatshwe ziifoto ezimbini zakutsha-nje ezibubukhulu obulingana nobencwadana yokundwendwela.
Qaphela: Phinda kabini umrhumo woxwebhu olulahlekileyo.
Ixesha lokulungisa: Iveki enye ukuya kwezintandathu kuxhomekeka kukungxamiseka kohambo. Kuhambo lwexesha likaxakeka kufuneka kwenziwe isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela yexesha likaxakeka/ yethutyana ide enye incwadana yokundwendwela ibe khona.
Ukuphelelwa kwencwadana yokundwendwela kusekubeni ukusebenza kwayo kwexesha ebelimiselwe kuphelile. Xa oku kuthe kwenzeka awunakuphinde uyisebenzise nokokuba incwadana yokundwendwela ayiphelanga endaweni yoko kufuneka wenze isicelo senye incwadana yokundwendwela. Ukuba incwadana yokundwendwela igcwele phambi kokuba kuphele ixesha ebelimiselwe kufuneka wenze isicelo senye entsha.
Oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwencwadana yokundwendwela owenza isicelo sayo.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yabadala R145.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yabantwana R110.
Uxwebhu lokuhamba R70.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yexesha likaxakeka R50.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yethutyana R290.
Incwadana yokundwendwela eyandisiweyo R290.
Eyandisiweyo (Ilahlekile) R580.
Eyomntu omdala (Ilahlekile) R290.
ISebe liyaqonda ukuba kukho izizathu ezinezihlahla zokuba umntu afune ukuguqula izinto(izilungiso) kumaxwebhu akhe (kwiirekhodi zakhe). Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilungiso kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abangazenza kumaxwebhu abo.
Qaphela: Ummi woMzantsi Afrika oneminyaka eli-18 nangaphezulu uthathwa njengomntu ophambili kwizilungiso zonke ezenziwayo ngokuphathelele kuMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa, we-1992.
Icandelo 11 loMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa livumela ubhaliso lokuzalwa komntwana ozelwe ngaphandle komtshato ukuba lulungiswe. Oku kwenzeka ukuba abazali bomntwana begazi bayatshatana emva kokubhaliswa kokuzalwa komntwana, ngokungathi bebetshatene ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana.
Iindleko: Le nkonzo isimahla.
Ubhaliso lokuzalwa lwenza kwakho ulungiselelo lokubhaliswa ngokutsha kokuzalwa komntwana ukuba abazali begazi bamanyana ngokwesiko (kukhutshwa ilobola) emva kokuba umntwana ebhalisiwe. Amaxwebhu afunekayo xa kusenziwa esi silungiso ngala: isaziso esitsha zokuzalwa, ubungqina obufungelweyo ngabazali begazi bomntwana nezatifiketi zomtshato.
Kwimeko yokufa komnye umzali okanye bobabini ilungu losapho lwabaswelekileyo kufuneka lifake isa/izatifikethi so/zokufa kunye nengxelo efungelweyo.
UMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa uvumela ukuvuma ukuba ungutata womntwana ongatshatanga nomama womntwana ozelwe ngaphandle komtshato kwaye ukuzalwa kwakhe osele kubhalisiwe ngaphandle kweenkcukacha zikayise.
Ukuba umama uyavumelana noku, yena kunye noyise womntwana kufuneka bagcwalise ifomu entsha (B1-1682). Apho ifani yomntwana nayo kufuneka itshintshiwe lo tata kufuneka agcwalise enye ifomu (B1-193). Ukuba umama akavumi, utata kufuneka aye kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ekhupha umyalelo kunye neemfuneko zokuvuma kukamama. Umyalelo obhengezayo kufuneka udityaniswe nefomu (B1-1682) egcwalisiweyo.
Iindleko: Umrhumo omiselweyo wale nkonzo ngama-R48.
Ukuba amagama omntu awabhaliswanga onke kwisatifiketi sokuzalwa, umntu angacela ukuba igama lakhe lokuqala okanye ifani ifakwekwisatifiketi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lulwandiso lobhaliso lokuzalwa. UMthetho uyakuvumela oku ukuba loo mntu ebebhaliswe phambi kokuba umthetho usebenze. Umzekelo, iCandelo 23 loMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa, we-1992 libhekiselela ikakhulu kubangeneleli abangamaNdiya ekwakungafuneki babhalise igama lokuqala kunye nefani ngokusemthethweni phambi kowe-1966. Ngenxa yesi sizathu ubhaliso lokuzalwa kwabo luqulethe amagama okuqala kuphela.
Umthetho uvumela ubani ukuba atshintshe igama abhaliswe ngalo ekuzalweni.
i Umntwana wazalwa ngaphandle komtshato kwaye umama wakhe uphinde watshata notata wakhe.
Ubungqina bentlawulo engama-R48 efunwayo ii Umama womntwana ubuyela kwifani ebenayo ekuqaleni kobomi bakhe kuba utata womntwana eswelekile okanye uphinde watshata emva kokuba umtshato notata womntwana wakhe uphelile.
Isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo iii Umntwana wazalwa ngaphandle komtshato laze igama lakhe labhaliswa phantsi kwegama likatata wakhe. Ifani yomntwana ingatshintshelwa kuleyo kamama wakhe.
Ubungqina bentlawulo engama-R48 efunwayo iv Umntwana onakekelwe ngumgcini ifani yakhe ingatshintshelwa kuleyo yomgcini.
UMthetho uvumela ubani amkele ifani eyahlukileyo kuleyo iqulathwe kwirejista yabantu okanye leyo ayifumene ekuhlaleni okusisigxina eMzantsi Afrika. Umrhumo omiselweyo ngama-R238.
Ukuba abantwana bangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 baza kuqukwa kwisicelo, iikopi zabo zezatifiketi zokuzalwa okanye iinombolo zokubhaliswa ziyafuneka kunye nemvume kamama ebhaliweyo.
ifomu yesicelo (B1-526) okanye isicelo esibhaliweyo isiqinisekiso somhla wokuzalwa ochanekileyo umzekelo ileta evela esibhedlele, isatifiketi sokuzala, ikhadi lekliniki, ileta okanye isikolo sokuqala ekuyiwe kuso, isatifiketi sokubhabhatizwa phambi kweminyaka emihlanu. Ukuba ngaba akukho xwebhu lwesiqinisekiso sobudala bomntwana uqikelelo kufuneka lwenziwe ngugqirha okanye ummeli wesithili okanye wengqingqi oya kubhala isindululo ekufuneka sikhaphe isicelo ubungqina bentlawulo engama-R48 efunwayo.
ifomu yesicelo (B1-526) okanye isicelo esibhaliweyo uxwebhu lwesiqinisekiso senkcazo yesini esichanekileyo nobungqina bentlawulo engama-R48 efunwayo.
ifomu yesicelo (B1-526) okanye isicelo esibhaliweyo uxwebhu lwesiqinisekiso seenkcukacha zabazali esichanekileyo nobungqina bentlawulo engama-R48 efunwayo.
Nabanina othe wenza uhlinzo lokuguqula isini okanye unyango olwenza ukuba isini sakhe siguqulwe angenza isicelo kuMongameli Jikelele weSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ukuba inkcazo yesini sakhe iguqulwe.
ifomu yesicelo (B1-526) okanye isicelo esibhaliweyo ingxelo ngugqirha onike unyango okanye owenze inkqubo yohlinzo kumenzi-sicelo okanye ugqirha onamava kwiinkqubo ezinjalo okanye unyango.
ingxelo ngomnye ugqirha ohlole umceli ukumisela iimpawu zesini nobungqina bentlawulo engama-R48 efunwayo.
Xa kuguqulwa isini somceli inombolo yesazisi iziguqukela ngokuzenzekelayo. Isicelo sesazisi esitsha kufuneka ngoko senziwe kwangoko xa ukuguqulwa kuvunyiwe.
Ukuba umntu obandakanyekayo uguqule negama lakhe kufuneka ahlawule ama-R75 ngaphezulu.
Ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana kubhaliswe ngabazali abangengobakhe kufuneka iingxelo ezifungelweyo zenziwe ngabazali bakhe kwaye 'abazali abangabakhohlisi' kufuneka banike isizathu sobhaliso olungeyonyaniso. Ukuba ezi ngxelo zilandelayo azikho kufuneka umyalelo wenkundla. Umrhumo omiselweyo ngama-R48.
izicelo ezibhaliweyo zokulungisa iinkcukacha zabazali.
isaziso esitsha sokuzalwa (B1-24) esineenkcukacha zabazali abachanekileyo iingxelo ezifungelweyo ngababandakanyekayo bonke okanye umyalelo wenkundla ubungqina bentlawulo engama-R48 efunwayo.
Ukuba umntwana wamkelwa njengomntwana abazali abamamkelayo bangachazela uMongameli Jikelele (DG) wezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ngalo mba ngokusemthethweni.
izicelo ezibhaliweyo ngabazali abamkelayo ikopi engqinelweyo yomyalelo wokwamkelwa njengomntwana ubungqina bentlawulo engama-R48 efunwayo.
Izicelo zokutshatisa kufuneka zingeniswe kwi-Ofisi yakho yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekufutshane ukuba wenza isicelo eMzantsi Afrika ukuze uye kummeli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika ukuba isicelo senziwa phesheya. Ifomu efunekayo nguB1-130. Imirhumo efunekayo ngama-R43.00 esatifiketi esingafinyezwanga kunye ne-R8.00 yesatifiketi esifinyeziweyo.
Ukutshatisa nokubhalisa imitshato yoluntu ilawulwa nguMthetho woMtshato (uMthetho wama-25 we-1961).
Ngubani onokubhalisa umtshato wakhe?
i ligosa elitshatisayo elonyuliweyo kwinkolo ethile okanye umbutho okanye ii ngamagosa onyuliweyo liSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
Imitshato ingenziwa kuphela ecaweni, kwisakhiwo esisetyenziselwa iinjongo zenkolo kuphela, kwi-ofisi yoluntu okanye kwindlu yabucala. Ukuba ubani oza kutshata wenzakele kakhulu okanye uyagula, umtshato ungenzelwa esibhedlele.
Ngubani ekufuneka ekho emtshatweni?
Umtshato kufuneka wenziwe kukho abantu abatshatayo, amangqina amabini anobuchule kunye negosa elitshatisayo.
Izazisi ezikhutshwe ngokuphathelele kuMthetho wokuZazisa , 1998 okanye ukuba abanazo izazisi ingxelo efungelweyo egcwaliswe kwifomu B1-31.
Kwimeko yabantwana imvume ebhaliweyo yabazali bobabini okanye umgcini osemthethweni kufuneka ingeniswe kwifomu emiselweyo B1-32. Ukuba umzali ekufuneka imvume yakhe ngokwasemthethweni akafumaneki okanye akanakukwazi ngokwasemthethweni ukunika imvume umntwana kufuneka enze isicelo kwiKhomishina yeNtlalo-ntle yabantwana ukufumana imvume efunekayo. Ukuba abazali bomntwana kunye/okanye iKhomishina abayiniki imvume yomtshato umntwana unokwenza isicelo kwiJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo kwingingqi apho ahlala khona. Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 namantombazana angaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15, kufuneka ukongeza kwimvume yabazali okanye yomgcini osemthethweni bafumane imvume evela kuMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
NgokoMthetho woMtshato umntwana ngumntu xa engaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 engazange atshate ngaphambili kwaye umtshato waphela ngenxa yokufa okanye ukuwuqhawula.
Ukuba kuqhawulwe umtshato kufuneka kunikwe isigwebo sokuqhawula umtshato. Ukuba kukho isizathu esinyanisekileyo sokuba kungani ungenakuvelisa isigwebo sokuqhawula umtshato okanye waqhawula umtshato kwelinye ilizwe kwaye awukwazi ukufumana isigwebo sokuqhawula umtshato, ingxelo efungelweyo iyafunwa kuloo mntu. Kufuneka ichaze ukuba uqhawule umtshato ngokusesikweni kwaye iquke igama lenkundla apho wanikwa imvume yokuqhawula umtshato kunye nomhla woqhawulo lomtshato.
Ukuba ungumhlolo/mhlolokazi, isatifiketi sokusweleka komlingane siyafuneka. Ukuba isatifiketi sokusweleka asikho umntu obandakanyekayo kufuneka angenise ingxelo efungelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukusweleka komlingane, echaza igama lalowo uswelekileyo kunye nomhla wokusweleka.
Emva kokuba kutshatisiwe abantu ababini abatshatayo, amangqina amabini negosa elitshatisayo kufuneka betyikitye irejista yomtshato. Isatifiketi esibhalwe ngesandla singanikezelwa simahla kwangoko xa kugqitywa kutshatwa. Igosa elitshatisayo liya kungenisa irejista yokutshata izokurekhodishwa kwiRejista yabaNtu beSizwe kwi-ofisi yengingqi yeSebe apho lihlala khona.
Ixesha lokulungisa: Isatifiketi esibhalwe ngesandla esifinyeziweyo sikhutshwa ngomhla womtshato, simahla. Isatifiketi esingafinyezwanga sithatha iintsuku ezingama-21 zokusebenza ukusilungisa.
Iindleko: Yonke imicimbi elandelayo nenxulumene nemibuzo ephathelele kwizatifiketi zokutshata zixhomekeke kukugcwaliswa kwefomu yesicelo uB1-130.
Isatifiketi esipheleleyo (esingafinyezwanga) sixabisa ama-R43.
Isatifiketi esifinyeziweyo (esibhalwe kwikhompyutha) sixabisa i-R8.
ISebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya lacela iKhomishini yoMthetho yoMzantsi Afrika ngowe-1996 ukuba yenze uphando olunzulu ngeenkqubo zemitshato eyahlukeneyo eMzantsi Afrika. Njengesiphumo solu ngenelelo uMthetho woLwamkelo lweMitshato yesiNtu (uMthetho we-120 we-1998) waphunyezwa kwaye wasebenza ukuqala ngomhla we-15 kuNovemba wama-2000.
Ubusazi ukuba umtshato wesiNtu nawo unelungelo elifanayo nomtshato wasemthethweni ngokuphathelele kuMthetho woKwamkela iMitshato yesiNtu Umtshato wesintu ubhaliswa ngumntu owonyuliweyo. Ingaba yinkosi yesizwe okanye igosa elibhalisayo. Loo mntu wonyuliweyo kufuneka abhale isiqinisekiso sokuba ugunyazisiwe ukuba abhalise umtshato. Abatshati abatshata ngokwesintu kodwa umtshato wabo zange ubhaliswe kwaye ngoku bafuna ukuba ubhaliswe kufuneka benze isicelo kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekufutshane. Abatshati kufuneka bakhatshwe ngabameli ababini, ngokukhethayo omnye kwicala ngalinye losapho. Bonke abantu abatshate ngokwesintu bayakhuthazwa ukuba beze ngaphambili kwaye babhalise imitshato yabo neSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya?
Xa umntu eswelekile umthetho (uMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa we-1992) ufuna ukuba ukusweleka komntu kuxelwe kumntu ogunyazisiweyo ukuba amkele izaziso ezinjalo.
Ukuba ummi woMzantsi Afrika okanye umhlali onemvume esisigxina uswelekela ngaphandle koMzantsi Afrika, ukusweleka kwalo mntu kufuneka kuxelwe kuMmeli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika okufutshane. Ikopi engqinelweyo yesatifiketi sokusweleka esikhutshwe lelinye ilizwe elibandakanyekayo kufuneka naso singeniswe.
Ukuba oswelekileyo uza kungcwatyelwa eMzantsi Afrika, uMmeli-lizwe uya kuncedisa ngamalungiselelo aphathelele ekuthunyelweni komzimba eMzantsi Afrika.
Isaziso sokusweleka sinikwa ngokugcwalisa ifomu B1-1663. Le fomu inamacandelo awohlukeneyo ekufuneka agcwaliswe ngabantu abohlukeneyo ababandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yesaziso. Abantu ababandakanyekayo ngaba: umntu obike ukufa, ugqirha oqinisekise ukufa, nomntu ogunyaziswe ukuba amkele isaziso sokufa njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili.
Ukuba akukho gqirha okhoyo, umzekelo kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, inkosi iya kugcwalisa iNgxelo yokuFa (ifomu B1-1680). INgxelo yokuFa ingagcwaliswa kuphela ngumntu ogunyaziswe liSebe ukuba makenze oko. Lo mntu uya kungenisa ifomu B1-1680 kwigosa lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya eligunyazisiweyo ukuba lamkele izaziso ezinjalo. Igosa liya kugcwalisa ifomu B1-1680.
Inyathelo 1: Ugqirha ohlole umzimba womntu oswelekileyo kufuneka agcwalise ifomu yeSaziso sokuFa/imfa-mbilini (B1-1663). Kukho icandelo kule fomu eligcwaliswa ngugqirha aze alifake emvulophini ayivale. Okunye okuseleyo kunamatheliswa emvulophini kuze kunikwe isalamane salowo uswelekileyo okanye umgcwabi onemfanelo yamalungiselelo omngcwabo. Imvulophu evaliweyo ingavulwa kuphela ligosa eligunyazisiweyo lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
Inyathelo 2: Izalamane kufuneka zithathe amaxwebhu ziwanike umgcwabi abamkhethileyo ukuba enze amalungiselelo omngcwabo. Ukuba umngcwabi ugunyazisiwe ukuba amkele izaziso zokufa uya kugcwalisa amacandelo afanelekileyo aze akhuphe umyalelo wokungcwaba (B1-14). Umngcwabi uya kungenisa iifomu ezigcwalisiweyo kwi-ofisi ekufutshane yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ngeenjongo zokubhalisa ukufa. ISebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya liya kukhupha isatifiketi sokufa isinike izalamane.
Ukuba umgcwabi akagunyaziswanga ngokwemigqaliselo yomthetho wokwamkela izaziso zokufa, kufuneka angenise amaxwebhu kwi-ofisi ekufutshane yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya okanye kwisiKhululo samaPolisa ukuze kube nokukhutshwa umyalelo wokungcwaba namaxwebhu okubhalisa.
Izicelo zezatifiketi zokufa kufuneka zingeniswe kwi-Ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ukuba isicelo senziwe phakathi eMzantsi Afrika. Ukuba kuphesheya izicelo kufuneka zingeniswe kummeli-lizwe waseMzantsi Afrika. Isatifiketi sokufa esifinyeziweyo siya kukhutshwa simahla ngokubhaliswa kokufa kwangalo mini. Yonke eminye imibandela ifuna ukugcwaliswa kwefomu yesicelo B1-132 kunye nentlawulo eyi-R8.00. Isatifiketi sokufa esipheleleyo esingafinyezwanga siyafumaneka ngama-R43.00.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngokuphathelele kuMthetho (uMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa we-1992) akukho mngcwabo unokubakho ngaphandle kokuba ugunyazisiwe. Olu gunyaziso luza lungumyalelo wokungcwaba. Amagosa ezeMicimbi yaseKhaya , amalungu amaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika kunye mabangcwabi abanyuliweyo bagunyaziswa ukuba bagcwalise iirejista zokufa ezibandakanyekayo kwaye bakhuphe imiyalelo yokungcwaba.
Umntu orekhodishwe ngokungafanelekanga njengomntu owaswelekayo kwiRejista yabaNtu kufuneka anike ingxelo yoku kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekufutshane kuzokwenziwa uphando olungxamisekileyo kuze kukorekishwe newonga. Ukuze kube nokwenziwa uphando, kufuneka iminwe epheleleyo kunye neefoto kwifomu B1-9..
Siphumelele kwimizamo yokumisela ithemba kwizigidi zabantu bethu.
Imbali yesazisi soMzantsi Afrika ibufana naleyo yembali yesizwe siphela. Sasimchaza umnini waso. Komnye umntu yasisixhobo sengcinezelo, ukanti komnye yayikukufikelela kwilizwe lamalungelo awodwa.
Phambi kowe-1972, urhulumente wayekhupha isazisi esiluhlaza. Kwathi kwangaloo nyaka kwangena incwadana ebhlowu endaweni yaso. Kwiphepha lokuqala lale ncwadana kwakukho iinkcukacha zomnini. Olunye ulwazi olongezelelweyo, umzekelo ilayisenisi yokuqhuba, izatifiketi zemitshato njalo njalo zazincanyatheliswa kuxwebhu olu ngezincamathelisi.
Ukususela ngoMeyi ngowe-1980 kwakhutshwa isazisi esiluhlaza esincinane. Esi sazisi sasibhalwe ngekhompyutha ngokupheleleyo kwaye kongezwe neempawu zokhuseleko ukuthintela ubuqhophololo.
UMthetho wokuZazisa owaqala ukusebenza ngowe-1986 wangenisa isazisi esiluhlaza njengoko sisazi. Phambi koku ukuba ubani uyatshata isatifiketi sakhe somtshato sasiqukwa kwisazisi. Oku kuphele kwakungena uMthetho omtsha. Kwiminyaka elandelayo kwenziwa iinguqulelo ezithile kwiSazisi kodwa zonke zazinxulumene nokhuseleko lwaso, oko kuthetha ukukhuselwa kwaso kusetyenziso ngobuqhophololo.
Xa amaphandle TBVC (Phesheya kweNciba, Bophuthatswana, Venda noMneno Nciba) ayesenziwa akhupha ezawo izazisi. Ezi zazifana nezo zikhutshwe ngurhulumente woMzantsi Afrika. Nangona kunjalo amanani alandelelanayo wabo enziwa ngokwahlukileyo. Ukuphela kocalu-calulo la maphandle aba yinxalenye yeRephabhliki yoMzantsi Afrika. Nabanina owayenesazisi esivela kumaphandle wanikwa isazisi soMzantsi Afrika.
Sihambe umgama omde okoko salawulwa yintando yesininzi ukususela ngowe-1994. ISazisi esasisetyenziswa ukusahlula ngoku sisihlanganisa sonke njengabemi boMzantsi Afrika. Sibonakalisa ukungafani kwisizwe sethu, sisikhumbuza ukuba ummi ngamnye woMzantsi Afrika ngumntu oyedwa kwaye sibethelela ubuzwe obufanayo.
Ukuba ufuna ukuphawula malunga nenkonzo oyifumanayo kwiMicimbi yaseKhaya okanye unemibuzo khululeka uqhagamshelane nathi usebenzisa ezi nkcukacha zinikiweyo.
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Imbono yeli Sebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya kukunika inkonzo yodidi lwehlabathi. Kule minyaka yangoku ubuchule boyilo buqalise ukudlala indima ecacileyo kwimizamo yeSebe yokuphucula ukunikezelwe kweenkonzo kubo bonke abaxumi balo kwilizwe lonke. Kubethelela engqondweni ukuba wonke umntu eMzantsi Afrika- ummi, umhlali, umsabi okanye undwendwe ngumxumi weSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya, ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu yinjongo yobuchule bokuqala ekhokelela kuyilo nesenzo sesebe. ISebe lizibophelela kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo eziya kuba sisiseko sokubumba kwakhona izixokelelwano zamaziko akhoyo kunye noshishino ukunika isiseko sokunikezela ngeenkonzo.
Injongo yesebe kukuphucula nokukhusela ubulungisa besizwe. Injongo: kukuchongo ooNdoqo kwiMpumelelo yeeNkonzo.
Intshayelelo yomGaqo-siseko ibeka imfanelo kurhulumente yokuphucula umgangatho wobom labo bonke abemi nokukhulula amandla afohlakeleyo omntu ngamnye.
ISebe lezMicimbi yaseKhaya libonelela ngamaxwebhu anika abantu amalungelo kwizindlu, kwimfundo, kwimpilo, kwiminikelo yentlalo, kwimihlala-phantsi, kwimisebenzi, kwiinkonzo zemali nokusebenzisa elona lungelo lisisiseko - ukukhetha urhulumente othandwa ngabo. Ukongeza iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya lizimisele ukukhusela ubulungisa belizwe lethu ngokugqiba ukuba ngubani ongandwendwela uMzantsi Afrika, nokokuba ngubani onokonwaba kunye nathi kubuhle namalungelo edemokrasi yethu noqoqosho lwayo oluncinane nolusakhulayo.
Ukuze idemokrasi noqoqosho lwanamhla zisebenze ubunguwe newonga labanye nabanye abahlala nabasebenza elizweni kufuneka zirekhodishwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye kufuneka zifikeleleke. Imisebenzi engundoqo yeSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya: ukurekhodishwa kobunguwe newonga labemi, abahlali kunye nabatyeleli - kubalulekile kulawulo nokumiswa kakuhle kwemisebenzi yopolitiko, yoqoqosho neyentlalo. Yenza isiseko sokumiswa kolawulomelo nophuhliso.
ISebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya likwayindlela apho abantu bethu neendwendwe zethu zibona urhulumente nelizwe lethu. Bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika kunye neendwendwe zamanye amazwe kwilizwe lethu bafuna iinkonzo kwiSebe. Ngako oko iimbono zabo kukunikezelwa kweenkonzo zikarhulumente jikelele zisekelwe kula mava. Ukongeza kulawulo lwala maxwebhu iSebe linomsebenzi wokulawulo omnye nomnye ongena nophuma eMzantsi Afrika.
UMthetho wesiLungiso wabangeneleli omtsha (uMthetho we-19 lowama-2004) ophunyezwe ngomhla we-18 ku-Okthobha wama-2004 uguqule ngokugqibeleleyo ulawulo lomngeneleli kwilizwe lethu. Umsebenzi omninzi uyenziwa ngeli xesha ukuqeqesha amagosa esebe labangeneleli malunga nokufunywa ngulo mthetho mtsha kwaye ukulungisa iMimiselo ephuma kulo mthetho. ISebe likwalenza kwaye linyanzelisa uMthetho wabaSabi (uMthetho we-130 we-1998) ongaquki ukunika impembelelo kwizixhobo zamazwe ngamazwe ezinxulumene nabasabi. Ngokubanzi iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ibonelela ngeenkonzo ezimbini ezingundoqo: iinkonzo zommi wesixeko neenkonzo zabangeneleli.
Iinkonzo zabangeneleli zinxulumene nolawulo lokungena, lokuhlala nokuphuma kwabantu bamanye amazwe eMzantsi Afrika ezilawulwa nguMthetho wabangeneleli noMthetho wabaSabi. Nakumazwe ngamazwe ungenelelo luyagqaliselwa ukumisela amalungelo aphambili esizwe. Kwimeko yoMzantsi Afrika inkonzo yabangeneleli ikwanqumleza imizebenzi eyenziwa ngamaziko namasebe karhulumente awohlukeneyo.
Le nkonzo ikwafuna ukwenziwa kwemigaqo, ukujongwa kwemisebenzi yongenelelo kumaphondo nakwii-ofisi zabantu bamanye amazwe, ukwandisa iqela leemvume ezilawulwa liSebe, ukungena okuzingileyo kwabantu bamanye amazwe eMzantsi Afrika. Nangona kunjalo ulwazi oluninzi lweenjongo zale ncwadana ziya kunxulumana neenkonzo ezibhekiselele kubemi boMzantsi Afrika. Incwadi eyenye kwiinkonzo zongenelelo iya kuveliswa. Iya kusasazwa ngokubanzi xa imimiselo yongenelelo ithe yagqitywa, umhlawumbi iyakwenzeka ngaxeshanye nokwenziwa kwemithetho yesizwe yongenelelo eMzantsi Afrika.
Kwixesha elithile, bekungacacanga kubantu abaninzi ukuba kulindelwe ntoni kubani ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Le ncwadana Imicimbi yaseKhaya kuNcedo lwakho ifuna ukucacisa ngokulula ngangemeko eqondekayo, ukubaluleka kokwenza isicelo samaxwebhu akhoyo kwiMicimbi yaseKhaya, iimfuno zokucela uncedo ngalunye, amaxabiso abandakanyekayo, lingakanani ixesha elithathwayo nolwazi olusemxholweni olunxulumene neeNkonzo zeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Kuba wonke umntu eMzantsi Afrika, ummi, umhlali, umsabi okanye umtyeleli - engumxumi weSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ukunikezelwa kwenkonzo ekumgangatho ophezulu yinjongo yobuchule yokuqala elawula uyilo nesenzo sesebe.
Le ncwadana kwakho iya kunika izalathisi zokuphendula umbuzo onzima: ngubani ummi woMzantsi Afrika, ngubani onelungelo lubumi boMzantsi Afrika Kuyaqondakala ukuba iingcinga zale meko zivuselela iimvakalelo xa kujongwe imbali yelizwe lethu, apho sisuka khona, apho siya khona nobubodwa bethu kwanokwahlukana, siyinganika njani intsingiselo xa sisonke nangobunye kukuxabiseka obufakwe kumGaqo-siSeko wethu. ISebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya iyaqhubekeka kwaye iya kuqhubekeka ukukhokelwa yintlonipho yokufunekayo kumgaqo-siseko ukuba Umzantsi Afrika ngowabo bonke abo bahala kuwo, behlangene kukwahlukana kwethu?
UmGaqo-siSeko womzantsi Afrika uthembisa ilungelo lommi kwaye uthi akukho namnye ummi onokwalelwa ilungelo. NgokoMthetho wobuMi boMzantsi Afrika UMthetho wama-88 we-1995 noMthetho we-17 wama-2004 ngokwesilungiso, ubumi boMzantsi Afrika kungafunyanwa ngokuzalwa, ngokunikelwa njegelifa, ukunikwa amalungelo obumi, uphindo okanye ukubhaliswa encwadini.
UMthetho ochazwe ngaphambili uqale ukusebenza ngomhla wesi-6 ku-Okhtobha ngowe-1995. Uchaza ukuba ummi woMzantsi Afrika ngokuzalwa nguye nabani ozelelwe eMzantsi Afrika onomzali omnye ubuncinane ongummi woMzantsi Afrika okanye umhlali osisigxina ngexesha lomntu ebezalwa. Amalungiselelo ahlukeneyo ebekho kwiminyaka engaphambili kwalo Mthetho. Nabani ochukunyiswa ngoku ubumi bakhe obumiselwayo kufuneka aqhagamshelane ne-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekufutshane okanye izithunywa zoMzantsi Afrika ukuba uphesheya.
Umntwana ozelwe eMzantsi Afrika ongengommi waseMzantsi Afrika onelungelo lokuba ngummi ngokuzalwa ukuba wamkelwe njengomntwana ngummi waseMzantsi Afrika ngokuphathelele kuMthetho wokuKhathalela umNtwana we-1983 (uMthetho wama-74 we-1983). Nceda uqaphele ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana kufuneka kubhalisiwe ngokunxulumene noMthetho waoBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa we-1992.
UmMi woMzantsi Afrika ngokunikelwa njengelifa nguye nabani ongazalelwanga eMzantsi Afrika ozelwe ngummi okanye abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Ukuzalwa kwakhe kufuneka kubhalisiwe ngokunxulumene noMthetho waoBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa we-1992.
Nabanina onemvume yokuhlala esisigxina yoMzantsi Afrika unelungelo lokwenza isicelo sobumi boMzantsi Afrika ngokunikwa ilungelo lobumi emva kweminyaka emihlanu engumhlali osisigxina. Nabani otshate ummi waseMzantsi Afrika unelungelo lokunikwa ilungelo lommi kwiminyaka emibini emva kokuba enikwe imvume yomhlali osisigxina ngexesha atshatela kummi waseMzantsi Afrika. Umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 onemvume yokuhlala esisigxina unelungelo lokunikwa ubumi kwangoko emva kokunikwa imvume.
Ifomu B1-24 nefomu B1-529 ezigcwaliswe ngumenzi-sicelo.
Ifomu B1-529 egcwaliswe ngumzali ongummi woMzantsi Afrika.
Isatifikethi sokuzalwa somemzi-sicelo welinye ilizwe.
Ukuba umenzi-sicelo wazelwa ngaphandle komtshato kufuneka bobabini abazali batyikitye ifomu yobhaliso uB1-24.
Isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa somzali waseMzantsi Afrika.
Ifomu B1-63 nefomu B1-757 ezigcwaliswe ngumenzi-sicelo.
Isiqinisekiso somhlali esisigxina.
ISAP (91) eneqela elipheleleyo leminwe - ukufumana ingxelo yamapolisa.
Umzali onemfanelo okanye umgcini osemthethweni kufuneka atyikitye iifomu zesicelo ukuba umntu ofuna ukunikwa ilungelo lobumi ungumntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16.
Ifomu engu-B1-9 eneqela elipheleleyo leminwe kunye neefoto ezimbini ezilingane nobukhulu beze-ID (45mm ubude x 36mm ububanzi) kufuneka ingenisiwe kubantwana abangphezulu kweminyaka eli-15. Oku kwenzelwa ukufumana isazisi emva kokuba ukunikwa ilungelo lobumi kuvunyiwe.
efumana ubumi belinye ilizwe ngokuzithandela kwaye ngokomthetho osesikweni, ngaphandle komtshato okanye esebenzela umkhosini welinye ilizwe, apho akwangummi xa likwimfazwe noMzantsi Afrika.
Nangona kunjalo oku akusebenzi ukuba umntu wenze isicelo kuMphathiswa sokugcina ubumi bakhe boMzantsi Afrika phambi kokufumana ubumi belinye ilizwe kunye/okanye ukusebenzela umkhosi welinye ilizwe.
Ukufumanisa ukuba umntu ulahlekelwe bubumi boMzantsi Afrika ifomi engu-B1-529 kufuneka igcwaliswe ize ingeniswe nakweyiphi I-ofisi yeSebe elizweni okanye ngaphandle kwelizwe.
Isiqinisekiso/isatifiketi ngokunikwa ilungelo lobumi sifunyenwe ngobuqhinga okanye unike ulwazi olungeyonyaniso ngaye.
Ungumi welinye ilizwe kwaye ukhe wabanjwa wavalelwa iinyanga ezili-12 nakweliphi ilizwe ngetyala ebeliya kuba lityala naseMzantsi Afrika.
Kuzo zombini ezi meko akukho sicelo sibandakanyekayo. Loo mntu ubandakanyekayo ufumana ileta (audi alteram). Kuloo leta kukho icandelo apho anganika izizathu ecacise ukuba kungani engenakwahluthwa ubumi. Oku kuya kucingwa phambi kokuba kuthathwe isigqibo sokugqibela.
Umntu onqwenela ukufumana ngokusesikweni ubumi belinye ilizwe kufuneka enze isicelo kuMphathiswa kwezeMicimbi yaseKhaya sokugcina ubumi bakhe boMzantsi Afrika phambi kokufumana ubumi belinye ilizwe.
Ifomu B1-1664 nefomu B1-529 ezigcwalisiweyo ngemali emiselweyo eli-R110.
Izicelo zinokungeniswa kuyo nakweyiphi I-ofisi yeSebe ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwelizwe.
Phambi kokuba uMthetho wobuMi boMzantsi Afrika olungisiweyo (uMthetho we-17 wama-2004) usebenze, ummi woMzantsi Afrika osebenzisa incwadana yokundwendwela kwelinye ilizwe ingaba kohluthiwe ubumi bakhe nguMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Imfuneko yokhululo okanye iileta zokuvunyelwa kuMphathiswa ukuze ubani asebenzise incwadana yokundwendwela yamanye amazwe engasekhoyo.
Ngokuphathelele kuMthetho wesiLungiso sobuMi boMzantsi Afrika wama-2004 oqale ukusebenza ngomhla we-15 kuSeptemba ngowama-2004 lityala ngoku kummi woMzantsi Afrika ongaphezulu kweminyaka engama-21 ukungena okanye ukushiya uMzantsi Afrika xa esebenzisa incwadana yokundwendwela yelinye ilizwe. Kwaye ikwalityala kulo mmi xa eseMzantsi Afrika esebenzisa ubumi welinye ilizwe okanye ubuzwe kuba efuna uncedo okanye ephepha imfanelo okanye umsebenzi.
angenza isicelo sokubuyiselwa ubumi bakhe boMzantsi Afrika. Kunjalo lo mntu kufuneka abuyele eMzantsi Afrika umphelo.
okubhaliweyo ngumenzi-sicelo ukuba uhlala isigxina eMzantsi Afrika, ikopi yedompasi/isazisi ikopi yesatifikhethi somtshato ukuba utshatile imali emiselweyo eyi-R115.00 kunye ne-R12 yesazisi.
UMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa (wama-51 we-1992) uchaza ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana kufuneka kuchazwe kwaye kubhalisa kwiintsuku ezingama-30 umntwana ezelwe. Oku kuya kunceda ezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekuhlaziyeni iincwadi zayo nokubanceda ukuba bayile uBhaliso lwabaNtu oluthembekileyo nolichanekileyo elizweni. Kuya kunceda kwakho iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekukhawulezeni ekunikezeleni ezinye iinkonzo enokuba nazo xa umntwana ekhulile (umzekelo: isiqinisekiso/isatifiketi sokuzalwa, isazisi, isiqinisekiso/isatifiketi sokufa njlo njalo). Ukubhalisela ukuzalwa ubani kufuneka agcwalise ifomu B1-24 (ISaziso sokuZalwa) ize le fomu ingeniswe kwiNkonzo yoMzantsi Afrika ekufutshane okanye ummeli-lizwe.
Ukuba umntwana akazalelwanga eMzantsi Afrika kwaye omnye wabazali ngummi woMzantsi Afrika ngexesha lokuzalwa ukuzalwa kungachazwa kummeli-lizwe loMzantsi Afrika okanye kwi-ofisi yesithile yeSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya eMzantsi Afrika.
Ikopi yesatifikhethi somntwana sokuzalwa samanye amazwe esinenkcukacha ezipheleleyo zabazali bomntwana.
Kwimeko apho umntwana eneminyaka eli-15 nangaphezulu ifomu B1-9 yesicelo sesazisi kufuneka igcwalisiwe.
Kubalulekile ukuba umzali omnye okanye umgcini osemthethweni akuchaze ukuzalwa.ukuba abazali okanye umgcini akanakho ukukwenza poku umntu ocelwe ngabazali okanye umgcini angakwenza oku egameni labo. Lo mntu kufuneka abe nemvume ebhalwe ngabo.
Umntwana ozelwe emtshatweni angabhaliswa ngefani katata okanye kamama wakhe okanye kwiifani zombini kamama nekatata ukuba abazali bobabini bayavumelana.
Umntwana ozelwe ngaphandle komtshato angabhaliswa ngefani kamama wakhe. Umntwana angabhaliswa nangefani katata wakhe ukuba utata lowo uyavuma ukuba ungutata womntwana. Bobabini umama notata kufuneka bavume ukubhalisa umntwana ngefani katata phambi komsebenzi wezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
Nangona uMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa (wama-51 we-1992) ufuna ukuba ukuzalwa kosana kubhaliswe kwiintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuzalwa iimeko ezithile zingenza oku kungenzeki. Izaziso zokuzalwa emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 zibizwa ngokuba ubhaliso emva kwexesha. Ifomu efunekayo kule meko siSaziso zokuZalwa (B1-24) etyikitywe ngumzali omnye okanye umgcini.
Ukuzalwa okuchazwe emva kweminyaka.
Kule meko abazali okanye umgcini kufuneka agcwalise ifomu B1-24. Umzali okanye umgcini kufuneka anike izizathu ezichaza ukuba kungani kungazange kwabhaliswa kwiintsuku ezingama-30 njengoko kufunwa ngumthetho.
Ukuba abazali abatshatanga kwaye banqwenela ukubhalisa umntwana ngefani katata wakhe kufuneka utata avume ukuba ungumzali kwisithuba esinikwe kwifomu B1-24. Utata ngoko kufuneka ekho xa kubhaliswa.
Ukuba abazali batshatile umntwana uya kubhaliswa ngefani katata wakhe.
Ixabiso: Akukho mali ikhutshwayo.
Abazali okanye umgcini kufuneka bagcwalise ifomu B1-24/1. Kufuneka kwakho banike izizathu zokungabhalisi kwiintsuku ezingama-30 njengoko kufunwa ngumthetho. Amaxwebhu achazwe kumhlathi 3.3 kufuneka angeniswe ngaxesha linye.
Ixabiso: Akukho mali ikhutshwayo.
Ukuzalwa okuchazwe emva kweminyaka.
Xa kubhaliswa kufuneka bagcwalise ifomu B1-24/15. Oku kukhatshwa yifomu B1-9 (isicelo sesazisi) kunye namaxwebhu afunekayo achazwe kumhlathi 3.3. Umzali okanye umgcini kufuneka anike izizathu ezichaza ukuba kungani kungazange kwabhaliswa kwiintsuku ezingama-30 njengoko kufunwa ngumthetho.
Ixabiso: Akukho mali ikhutshwayo.
Ikopi engqinelweyo yesazisi sikamama ukuba abazali abatshatanga kwaye utata omkhanyele umntwana. Okanye ukuba utata womntwana uvumile iikopi ezingqinelweyo zezazisi zabo bobabini abazali ziyafuneka.
Isatifiketi sesibhedlele okanye apho umntwana azalelwe khona.
Isiqinisekiso seenkcukacha zomntwana njengoko ziqulathiwe kwirejista yesikolo okanye isatifiketi sesikolo sokuqala aye kuso umntwana esityitywe yinqununu.
Ingxelo kumntu onolwazi ngomenzi-sicelo kwaye onokungqinela ubuzali. Lo mntu kwakufuneka kwakho ekhaphe umenzi-sicelo ukuya kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya apho umenzi-sicelo kunye nomntu lowo baya kuba nodliwano-ndlebe olwahlukeneyo.
Xa kubhaliswa umntwana onabazali kunye/okanye izalamane ezingenakufumaneka ifomu yesaziso sokuzalwa (B1-24) kufuneka igcwaliswe. Ingxelo evela kunontlalo-ntle iyafuneka njengoko iinkcukacha ezivela kubazali zingekho. Ngexesha lokubhaliswa kokuzalwa okuthetha usuku olunye, kule meko ukuzalwa kuchazwa kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ezimiselweyo isatifiketi esifinyeziweyo sinikwa ngaphandle kokubhatala imali.
Qaphela ubhaliso lwasemva kwexesha lungathatha ixesha elide kuba kuxhomekeke kuphando olufunekayo lokuzinzisa ubunguwe bobuntwana kunye newonga lomntwana. Ukuphepha oku kulibaziseka ukuzalwa komntwana kufuneka kubhaliswe kwiintsuku ezingama-30.
Ixabiso: Akukho mali ikhutshwayo.
Njengenxalenye yokuzibophelela ekuphuculeni umgangatho wabemi bonke, iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya lenze uQuquzelo loBhaliso eMnxebeni lomNtwana. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya inakho ukubhalisa kwaye ikhuphe izatifiketi zokuzalwa ezifinyeziweyo kwizibhedlele ezithabatha inxaxheba kwangoko emva kokuzalwa kosana. Lo msebenzi uya kwenziwa kwizibhedlele ezininzi kangangoko.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukwenza isicelo sesazisi (ID)?
Isazisi luxwebhu elingqinela ubunguwe. Ngamanye amazwi ibonisa ukuba ungulowo uzixela ukuba unguye. Kuneemeko ezininzi apho kuya kufuneka usebenzise I-ID yakho. Uya kusebenzisa I-ID ukufikelela kwizindlu, kwimfundo, kwiinkonzo zempilo, ukwenza iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba, ukufikelela kumathuba omsebenzi, ukubhalisela iimviwo, ukungena kwiimvumelwano zoshishino okanye ulwahlulelwano okanye nokubhalisela imali ye-Inshorensi yokungaPhangeli. Izazisi zikwasetyenziswa kuvoto lwesizwe, lwamaphondo nolwasekhaya.
Ngubani onelungelo lokwenza isicelo sesazisi?
Izazisi zikhutshwa ngokwesiGaba sama- 25 soMthetho wokuChonga we-1997. Lo mthetho uchaza ukuba umi waseMzantsi Afrika, umhlali osisigxina unemvume kwaye uneminyaka eli-16 okanye ngaphezulu unelungelo lokwenza isicelo sesazisi.
Nabanina osebenzela urhulumente okanye amaziko amiswe ngokomthetho angekho eMzantsi Afrika okanye othunywe ukuba asebenzela urhulumente kwelinye ilizwe naye unelungelo lokufumana isazisi. Oku kwandela nakumlingane womntu kunye/okanye nabantwana.
Iminwe iya kuthathelwa ukurekhodishwa kwiRegista yabaNtu kwifomu yesicelo B1-9. Oku kungenziwa kuphela ligosa leSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya kwi-ofisi yesithili okanye yengingqi okanye kwiNkonzo yamanye amazwe oMzantsi Afrika phesheya.
Ukuba utshatile, kufuneka kungeniswe nesatifiketi sokutshata.
Ukuba umfazi usebenzisa isazisi kwaye uqalisa ukusebenzisa nayiphi ifani ebesaziwa ngayo ixwebhu elisisiqinisekiso umzekelo isatifiketi sokuzalwa okanye sokutshata kufuneka singenisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba unelungelo kulo fani.
Kwimeko yokuphinda kukhutshwe, I-ID ikhutshelwa kwakho kubantu izazisi zabo ezilahlekileyo, ezibiweyo nezimoshakeleyo.
Kwimeko yomi ngokunikwa ilungelo lobumi okanye umhlali osisigxina isatifiketi sokunikwa ilungelo lobumi okanye isatifikethi sokuhlala isigxina okanye isatifiketi sokukhululwa kufuneka sinamatheliswe.
Kwimeko yokubhaliswa kukozalwa emva kwexesha jonga kumhlathi wesi-3.2.4 ongentla.
Isicelo sokuqala asibizi mali. Abenzi-zicelo kufunwa ukuba beze neefoto ezimbini ezibukhulu bazo bulingane neze-ID. Imali engange-R13 iyabhatalwa ekukhutshweni kwakho kwesazisi.
Kuphi apho kunokwenziwa izicelo zezazisi?
Yiya kwi-ofisi yakho ekufutshane yeSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Iinkcukacha zee-ofisi zezithili zinikwe kumaphepha angasemva kule ncwadana. Abenzi-zicele bmanye amazwe bangenza izicelo zezazisi kubameli-lizwe boMzantsi Afrika okanye kumkomishinala omkhulu phesheya.
Emva kokukhutshwa kwesazisi, sithunyelwa kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya apho umenzi-sicelo ebengenise khona isicelo sakhe. Isazisi siya kuthunyelwa kuphela kudilesi yokuposela yomenzi-sicelo ukuba umenzi-sicelo ukucelile oku waze wanika idilesi yokuposela enyanisekileyo.
ISebe leseMicimbi yaseKhaya ilunga izicelo zezazisi eziphakathi kwesigidi esinye nezithathu ngonyaka. Eli nani likhulu lezicelo lidibanisa neengxaki ezilambathayo zokugwaliswa kweefomu zezicelo ezikhokelela kwiziphoso ezivela kwizazisi. Nangona kunjalo ezi ziphoso kwizazisi zilungiswa ngaphandle kwentlawulo. Iifomu B1-9 noB1-309 kunye nesiqinisekiso solwazi oluchanekileyo kunye neefoto ezimbini ezifanayo ezibukhulu bazo bulingana neze-ID kufuneka zingeniswe nakweyiphi i-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
Yintoni incwadana yokundwendwela?
Incwadana yokundwendwela luxwebhu elifunekayo ukuze uhambe uye kwamanye amazwe. Abemi basemzantsi Afrika abacinga ukuhambela amazwe angaphandle koMzantsi Afrika kufuneka benze izicelo zeencwadana zokundwendwela kwangexesha.
Incwadana yokundwendwela eqhelekileyo inamaphepha angama-32 ize incwadana yokundwendwela eyandisiweyo ibe namaphepha angama-64. Zonke ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zichazwe ngokupheleleyo ekuhambeni kweli xwebhu.
Zonke izicelo zazo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeencwadana zokundwendwela kufuneka zigcwaliswe kwifomu yesicelo u-B1-73 kwaye kufuneka uzise ngokwakho kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya okanye kumeli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika, ukuba umenzi-sicelo uphesheya. Umenzi-sicelo kufuneka anelise igosa lencwadana yokundwendwela ngobunguye. Iifoto ziya kukhangelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba zingumfanekiso wakho onyanisekileyo. Abenzi-zicelo abaneminyaka eli-16 nangaphezulu kuya kuthatha iminwe yabo ukuze ziqinisekiswe neRejista yabaNtu.
Ngubani onelungelo lokucela incwadana yokundwendwela?
Ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika kuphela abanelungelo lencwadana yokundwendwela yaseMzantsi Afrika. Kwiimeko zabantu abanedompasi eluhlaza kunye needompasi ezindala ezakhutshwa phambi komhla woku-1 kaJulayi ngowe-1986 abenzisicelo klufuneka kuqala benze izicelo zezazisi ezinemigca. Abenzi-sicelo okokuqala bangathanda ukwenza I-ID neencwadi zokundwendwela ngaxesha-nye. Izicelo zazo zombini zingenziwa ngaxesha-nye ukuba ubani akanakulinda kude kukhutshwe isazisi.
Ulwazi olufunekayo xa usenza isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela ikhutshelwa abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaneminyaka eli-16 nangaphezulu. Ukwenza isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela yabadala yoMzantsi Afrika kuya kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu B1-73 kwaye ungenise neefoto ezimbini zakutsha-nje ezibubukhulu bulingana nobencwadana yokundwendwela. ukuba iminwe yakho ayikarekhodishwa kwiRejista yabaNtu iqerla elipheleleyo lweminwe way kuba kwifomu B1-9 iya kuthathwa ngokugunyaziswa ligosa lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya. Kuya kulindelwa kwakho ukuba ungenise ikopi yesazisi yakho yaseMzantsi Afrika engqinelweyo okanye isatifiketi zokuzalwa.
Ixesha lokulungisa: Iiveki ezintandathu.
Abenzi-zicelo bangakhetha ukuya kuzithatha ngokwabo iincwadana zokundwendwela kwi-ofisi apho bebenze khona izicelo okanye bazifumane iincwadana zokundwendwela ngerijista. Ukuba bakhetha ukuba ziposwe kufuneka bebhatele imali yokuposa ngerejista engama-R21.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela yeyeminyaka eli-10.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yabantwana ikhutshelwa abemi boMzantsi Afrika abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16. Xa usenza isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela yabantwana kufuneka ugcwalise ifomu B1-73.
Isicelo kufuneka sikhatshwe sisatifiketi sokuzalwa, imvume yabazali ukuba ngaba batshatile kunye neefoto ezimbini zakutsha-nje ezibubukhulu obulingana nezencwadana yokundwendwela. Ukuba uzalwe ngaphandle komtshato yimvume kamama wakho okuzeleyo kuphela efunekayo ukuba kukhutshwe incwadana yokundwendwela.
Ingaya kuthathwa kwindawo ebekwenziwe kuyo isicelo okanye ithunyelwe ngerejista.
Incwadana yokundwendwela eyandisiweyo ingamaphepha angama-64. Yazalisekiswa ngomhla wesi-2 kuDisemba ngowama-2002 ukunika abahambi njalo ixwebhu lokuhamba elinamaphepha angaphezulu kunama-32 encwadana yokundwendwela yabakhenkethi. Le ncwadana yokundwendwela iyafana nencwadana yokundwendwela yabakhenkethi ngaphandle nje kokuba iqulathe inani lamaphepha eliphindiweyo ukunika amaphepha athe kratya emvume yokungena kwelinye ilizwe. Imali emiselweyo iphinda-phinda leyo yencwadana yokundwendwela yabakhenkethi eqhelekileyo.
Le ncwadana yokundwendwela yeminyaka eli-10.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yethutyana ikhutshelwa bemi boMzantsi Afrika ekufuneka bahambe ngokungxamisekileyo ngenxa yezizathu ezinyanisekileyo kwaye abanakulindela iincwadana zabo zokundwendwele ezifanelekileyo ukuba zikhutshwe. Incwadana yokundwendwela yethutyana ikhutshwa kuphela kwimeko apho incwadana yokundwendwela esisigxina sekwenziwe isicelo sayo. Ukwenza isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela kulindelwe ukuba abenzi-zicelo bagcwalise ifomu B1-73.
abantu abanenjongo yokuhambela ngokungxamisekileyo amazwe angabamelwane angafuni mvume yokungena kumazwe lawo okanye ukubuyela ngexesha likaxakeka eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukwenza isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela ngexesha likaxakeka kugcwaliswa ifomu B1-73 ngokupheleleyo. Ukongeza kufuneka kungeniswe ileta yokucacisa ukuba kungani ufuna incwadana yokundwendwela yexesha likaxakeka kunye nesazisi zoMzantsi Afrika okanye isatifiketi sokuzalwa. Ukuba incwadana yiokundwendwela yokuqala yoMzantsi Afrika ibiwe okanye ilahlekile ingxelo yamapolisa iyafuneka ukuze isicelo zilungiswe.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yaseburhulumenteni ikhutshelwa amagosa akumaziko karhulumente ahambela izinto zasemthethweni. Zonke izicelo kufuneka zigcwaliswe kwifomu B1-73 kwaye uzise ngokwakho kwi-Ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya okanye kummeli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika, ukuba uphesheya.isicelo kufuneka sikhatshwe yileta evela kwiziko apho umenzi-sicelo asebenza khona kunye nezisathu ezibangela ukuba umenzi-sicelo afune incwadana yokundwendwela yaseburhulumenteni.
Ixesha lokulungisa: Iveki enye ukuya kwezintandathu kuxhomekeka kukungxamiseka kohambo.
Amaxabiso: Akukho ntlawulo ukhutshwayo.
Ukuba incwadana yokundwendwela yoMzantsi Afrika ilahlekile okanye ibiwe indleko yokuyibuyisela iphinda leyo wawuyibhatele kuqala. Isicelo kufuneka sikhatshwe zifoto ezimbini zakutsha-nje ezibubukhulu obulingana nobencwadana yokundwendwela.
Qaphela: phinda inani kabini lolo xwebhu lilahlekileyo.
Ixesha lokulungisa: Iveki enye ukuya kwezintandathu kuxhomekeka kukungxamiseka kohambo. Kuhambo lwexesha likaxakeka kufuneka kwenziwe isicelo sencwadana yokundwendwela yethutyana yexesha likaxakeka ide enye incwadana yokundwendwela ibekhona.
Ukuphelelwa kwencwadana yokundwendwela kusekubeni ukusebenza kwayo kwexesha ebelimiselwe kuphelile. Xa oku kuthe kwenzeka awunakuphinde uyisebenzise nokokuba incwadana yokundwendwela ayiphelanga.endaweni yoko kufuneka wenze isicelo senye incwadana yokundwendwela. Ukuba incwadana yokundwendwela igcwele phambi kokuba kuphele ixesha ebelimiselwe kufuneka wenze isicelo senye entsha.
Oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwencwadana yokundwendwela oyenzela isicelo.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yabadala R145.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yabantwana R110.
Ixwebhu lokuhamba R70.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yexesha likaxakeka R50.
Incwadana yokundwendwela yethutyana R290.
Incwadana yokundwendwela eyandisiweyo R290.
Eyandisiweyo (Ukulahleka) R580.
Yomntu omdala (Ukulahleka) R290.
ISebe liyaqonda ukuba kukho izizathu ezinezihlahla zokuba umntu afune ukwenza iinguquko izilungiso kumaxwebhu akhe kwirekhodi lakhe. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilungiso kubemi boMzantsi Afrika abangazenza kumaxwebhu abo.
Qaphela: Ummi woMzantsi Afrika uneminyaka eli-18 nangaphezulu ucingelwa njengezilungiso ezikhulu zonke ezenziwayo ngokuphathelele kuMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa, we-1992.
IsiGaba 11 soMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa sivumela ubhaliso lokuzalwa komntwana ozelwe kungatsatwanga ukuba silungiswe. Oku kwenzeka ukuba abazali bomntwana lowo bayatshatana emva kokubhaliswa kokuzalwa komntwana, njengokuba babetshatene ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana.
Amaxabiso: Akukho ntlawulo ikhutshwayo ngale nkonzo.
Ubhaliso lokuzalwa lwenza kwakho ulungiselelo lokuphinda kubhaliselwe ukuzalwa komntwana ukuba abazali bamanyana ngokwesiko (Ukulobolana) emva kokuba umntwana ebhalisiwe. Amaxwebhu afunekayo ekulungisweni ngala: isaziso esitsha zokuzalwa, isatifikethi esifungelweyo sobuzali bomntwana nesatifiketi zomtshato.
Kwimeko yokufa komnye umzali okanye bobabini ilungu losapho lwabaswelekileyo kufuneka efake isa/izatifikethi sokusweleka kunye nengxelo efungelweyo.
UMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa uvumela ukuvuma ubuyise ngutata womntwana ongatshatanga nomama womntwana ozelwe kungatshatwangakwaye ukuzalwa kwakhe sele kubhalisiwe ngaphandle kweenkcukacha zikayise.
Ukuba umama uyakuvuma ukuvuma, yena kunye noyise womntwana kufuneka bagcwalise ifomu entsha (B1-1682). Apho ifani yomntwana nayo kufuneka itshintshwe loo tata kufuneka agcwalise enye ifomu (B1-193). Ukuba umama akavumi utata kufuneka aye enkundleni ephakamileyo ekhupha umyalelo kunye neemfuneko zokuvuma kukamama. Inkcazo/isibhengezo kufuneka ifakwe kwifomu (B1-1682) egcwalisiweyo.
Amaxabiso: Imali emiselweyo kule nkonzo ngama-R48.
Ukuba amagama omntu awabhaliswanga onke kwisatifiketi sokuzalwa umntu angacela ukuba igama lakhe lokuqala okanye ifani ibandakanywe kwisatifiketi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lulwandiso lobhaliso. UMthetho uyamvumela oku ukuba loo mntu ebebhalisiwe phambi kokuba umthetho usebenze. Umzekelo, isiGaba sama-23 soMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa, we-1992 sibhekiselela ikakhulu kubangeneleli abangamaNdiya ekwakungafuneki babhalise igama lokuqala kunye nefani ngokusemthethweni phambi kowe-1966. Ngenxa yesi sizathu ubhaliso lokuzalwa kwabo luqulethe amagama okuqala kuphela.
Amaxabiso: Akukho ntlawulo ikhutshwayo kule nkonzo.
Umthetho uvumela ubani ukuba atshintshe igama abhaliswe ngalo ekuzalweni.
i Umntwana wazalwa ngaphandle komtshato kwaye umama wakhe uphinde watshata notata wakhe.
Isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo ii Umama womntwana ubuyela kwifani ebenayo ekuqaleni kobomi bakhe kuba utata womntwana eswelekile okanye uphinde watshata emva kokuba umtsato notata womntwana wakhe uphelile.
Isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo iii Umntwana wazalwa ngaphandle komtshato laze igama lakhe labhaliswa phantsi kwegama likatata wakhe. Ifani yomntwana ingatshintshelwa kuleyo kamama wakhe.
Isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo iv Umntwana ukhathalelwe ngumgcini ifani yakhe ingatshintshelwa kuleyo yomgcini.
UMthetho uvumela ubani amkele ifani eyahlukileyo kuleyo iqulathwe kwirejista yabantu okanye leyo ayifumene ekuhlaleni okusisigxina eMzantsi Afrika. Imali emiselweyo ngama-R238.
Ukuba abantwana bangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 baza kuqukwa kwisicelo, iikopi zabo zezatifiketi zokuzalwa okanye iinombolo zokubhaliswa ziyafuneka kunye nemvume kamama ebhaliweyo.
ifomu yesicelo (B1-526) okanye isicelo esibhaliweyo isiqinisekiso somhla wokuzalwa ochanekileyo umzekeloileta evela esibhedlele, isatifiketi sokuzala, ikhadi lekliniki, ileta okanye isikolo sokuqala ekuyiwe kuso, isatifiketi sokubhabhatizwa phambi kweminyaka emihlanu. Ukuba ngaba akukho xwebhu lesiqinisekiso sobudala bomntwana uqikelelo kufuneka lwenziwe ngugqurha okanye ummeli wesithili okanye wengqingqi oya kubhala isindululo ekufuneka sikhaphe isicelo isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo.
ifomu yesicelo (B1-526) okanye isicelo esibhaliweyo ixwebhu lesiqinisekiso senkcazo yesini esichanekileyo isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo.
ifomu yesicelo (B1-526) okanye isicelo esibhaliweyo ixwebhu lesiqinisekiso seenkcukacha zabazali esichanekileyo kunye isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo.
Nabanina othe wenza uhlinzo lokuguqula isini okanye unyango olwenza ukuba isini sakhe siguqulwe ungenza isicelo kuMongameli Jikelele weSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ukuba inkcazo yesini sakhe iguqulwe.
ifomu yesicelo (B1-526) okanye isicelo esibhaliweyo ingxelo ngugqirha onike unyango okanye owenze inkqubo yohlinzo kumenzi-sicelo okanye ugqirha onamava kwiinkqubo ezinjalo okanye unyango.
ingxelo ngomnye ugqirha ohlole umceli ukumisela iimpawu zesini kunye isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo.
Xa kuguqulwa isini somceli inombolo yesazisi iziguqukela ngokuzenzekelayo. Isicelo sesazisi esitsha kufuneka ngoko senziwa kwangoko xa ukuguqulwa kuvunyiwe.
Ukuba umntu obandakanyekayo uguqule negama lakhe kufuneka abhatale i-R75 ngaphezulu.
Ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana kubaliswe ngabazali abangengobakhe kufuneka ingxelo efungelweyo okwenziwe ngabazali bakhe kwaye 'abazali abangabakhohlisi' kufuneka banike isizathu sobhaliso olungeyonyaniso. Ukuba ezi ngxewlo zilandelayo azikho kufuneka umyalelo wenkundla. Imali emiselweyo ngama-R48.
izicelo ezibhaliweyo zokulungisa iinkcukacha zabazali.
Ingxelo efungelweyo ngababandakanyekayo bonke okanye umyalelo wenkundla isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo.
Ukuba umntwana wamkelwa njengomntwana abazali abamamkelayo bangachazela uMongameli Jikelele (DG) wezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ngalo mba ngokusemthethweni.
izicelo ezibhaliweyo ngabazali aqbamkelayo ikopi engqinelweyo yomyalelo wokwamkelwa njengomntwana isiqinisekiso sentlawulo eyi-R48 efunwayo.
Izicelo zokutshatiza kufuneka zingeniswe kwi-Ofisi yakho yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekufutshane ukuba wenza isicelo eMzantsi Afrika ize kummeli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika ukuba isicelo senziwa phesheya. Ifomu efunekayo nguB1-130. Imali efunekayo ngama-R43.00 yesatifiketi esingafinyeziweyo kunye ne-R8.00 yesatifiketi esifinyeziweyo.
Ukutshatisa nokubhalisa imitshato yoluntu ilawulwa nguMthetho woMtshato (uMthetho wama-25 we-1961).
Ngubani onokubhalisa umtshato wakhe?
i ligosa elitshatisayo elonyuliweyokwinkolo ethile okanye umbutho okanye ii ngamagosa onyuliweyo liSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
Imitshato ingenziwa kuphela ecaweni, kwisakhiwo esisetyenziselwa iinjongo zenkolo kuphela, kwi-ofisi yoluntu okanye kwindlu yabucala. Ukuba ubani uza kutshata wenzakele kakhulu okanye uyagula umtshato ungenzelwa esibhedlele.
Ngubani ekufuneka ekho emtshatweni?
Umtshato kufuneka wenziwe kukho abantu abatshatayo, amangqina amabini anobuchule kunye negosa elitshatisayo.
Izazisi ezikhutshwe ngokuphathelele kuMthetho wokuZazisa , 1998 okanye ukuba abanazo izazisi ingxelo efungelweyo egcwaliswe kwifomu B1-31.
Kwimeko yabantwana imvume ebhaliweyo yabazali bobabini okanye umgcini osemthethweni kufuneka angeniswe kwifomu emiselweyo B1-32. Ukuba imvume yomzali efuneka ngokwasemthethweni ayifumaneki okanye akanakukwazi ngokwasemthethweni ukunika imvume umntwana kufuneka enze isicelo kuMkomishina weNtlalo-ntle yabaNtwana ukufumana imvume efunekayo.ukuba abazali bomntwana kunye/okanye iNkundla ePhakamileyoabayiniki imvume yomtshato umntwana unokwenza isicelo kwiJaji yeNkundla ephakamileyo kwingingqi apho ahlala khona. Amakhwenkwe angaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 namantombazana angaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15 kufuneka ukongeza kwimvume yabazali okanye umgcini osemthethweni imvume evela kuMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
NgokoMthetho woMtshato umntwana ngumntu xa engaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 engazange atshate ngaphambili kwaye umtshato waphela ngenxa yokufa okanye ukuwuqhawula.
Ukuba kuqhawulwe umtshato kufunekwa kunikwe isigwebosokuqhawula umtshato. Ukuba kukho isizathu esinyanisekileyo sokuba kungani ungenakuvelisa isigwebo sokuqhawula umtshato okanye waqhawula umtshato kwelinye ilizwe kwaye awukwazi ukufumana isigwebo sokuqhawula umtshato ingxelo efungelqweyo iyafunywa kuloo mntu. Kufuneka ichaze ukuba uqhawule umtshato ngokusesikwenikwaye iquke igama lenkundla apho wanikwa imvume yokuqhawula umtshato kunye nomhla woqhawulo mtshato.
Ukuba ungumhlolo/mhlolokazi isatifiketi sokusweleka komlingane siyafuneka. Ukuba isatifiketi sokusweleka asikho umntu obandakanyekayo kufuneka angenise ingxelo efungelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukusweleka komlingane, echaza igama lalowo uswellekileyo kunye nomhla wokusweleka.
Emva kokuba kutshatisiwe abantu ababini abatshatayo, amangqina amabini nengosa elitshatisayo kufuneka betyikitye irejista yomtshato. Isatifiketi esibhalwe ngesandla singanikezelwa ngaphandle kokuhlawuliswa kwangoko kugqitywa kutshata. Igosa elitshatisayo liya kungenisa irejista yokutshata izokurekhodishwa kwiRejista yabaNtu beSizwe kwi-ofisi yengingqi yeSebe apho lihlala khona.
Ixesha lokulungisa: Isatifiketi esibhalwe ngesandla esifinyeziweyo sikhutshwa ngomhla womtshato, ngaphandle kwentlawulo. Isatifiketi esingafinyezwanga zithatha iitsuku ezingama-21 zokusebenza ukusilungisa.
Amaxabiso: Yonke imicimbi elandelayo nenxulumene nemibuzo ephathelele kwizatifiketi zokutshata zixhomekeke kukugcwaliswa kwefomu yesicelo uB1-130.
Isatifiketi esipheleleyo (esingafinyezwanga) sixabisa ama-R43.
Isatifiketi esifinyeziweyo (esifakwe ematshinini) sixabisa i-R8.
ISebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya yacela iKomishini yoMthetho yoMzantsi Afrika ngowe-1996 ukuba yenze uphando olunzulu kwizxokelelwano zemitshato eyahlukeneyo eMzantsi Afrika. Njengesiphumo solu ngenelelo uMthetho woNakano lweMitshato yamaSiko (uMthetho we-120 we-1998) waphunyezwa kwaye wasebenza ukuqala ngomhla we-15 kuNovemba wama-2000.
Ubusazi ukuba umtshato wamaSiko nawo unelungelo elifanayo nomtshato wasemthethweni ngokuphathelele kuMthetho wokwAzisa iMitshato yamaSiko Umtshato wamasiko ubhaliswa ngumntu owonyuliweyo. Ingaba yinkosi yesizwe okanye igosa elibhalisayo.lo mntu wonyuliweyo kufuneka abhale isiqinisekiso sokuba ugunyazisiwe ukuba abhalise umtshato. Abatshati abatshata ngokwesiko kodwa umtshato wabo zange ubhaliswe kwaye ngoku bafuna ukuba ubhaliswe kufuneka benze isicelo kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekufutshane. Abatshati kufuneka bakhatshwe ngabameli ababini, ngokukhethayo omnye kwicala ngalinye losapho. Bonke abantu abatshate ngokwesiko bayakhuthazwa ukuba beze ngaphambili kwaye babhalise imitshato yabo neSebe lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya?
Xa umntu eswelekile umthetho (uMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa we-1992) ufuna ukuba ukusweleka komntu kuxelwe kumntu ogunyaziwe ukuba amkele izaziso ezinjalo.
Ukuba ummi womzantsi Afrika ngumhlali enemvume esisigxina uswelekela ngaphandle koMzantsi Afrika ukusweleka kwalo mntu kufuneka kuxelwe kuMmeli-lizwe woMzantsi Afrika okufutshane. Ikopi engqinelweyo yesatifiketi sokusweleka esikhutshwe lelinye ilizwe elibandakanyekayo kufuneka naso songeniswe.
Ukuba oswelekileyo uza kungcwatyelwa eMzantsi Afrika uMmeli-lizwe uya kuncedisa ngamalungiselelo ngokuphathelele kukuthunyelwa komzimba eMzantsi Afrika.
Isaziso sokusweleka sinikwa ngokugcwalisa ifomu B1-1663. Le fomu inamacandelo awohlukeneyoekufuneka agcwaliswe ngabantu abohlukeneyo ababandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yesaziso. Abantu ababandakanyekayongaba: umntu owazise ukufa, ugqirha oqinisekise ukufa, nomntu ogunyaziswe ukuba amkele isaziso sokufa njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili.
Ukuba akukho gqirha okhoyo umzekelo kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni inkosi iya kugcwalisa iNgxelo yokuFa (ifomu B1-1680). INgxelo yokuFa ingacwaliswa kuphela ngumntu ogunyaziswe liSebe ukuba makenze oko. Lo mntu uya kungenisa ifomu B1-1680 kwigosa lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya eligunyazisiweyo ukuba lamkele izaziso ezinjalo. Igosa liya kugcwalisa ifomu B1-1680.
Inyathelo 1: Ugqirha ohlole umzimba womntu oswelekileyo kufuneka agcwalise ifomu yeSaziso sokuFa/imfa-mbilini (B1-1663). Kukho icandelo kule fomu eligcwaliswa ngugqirha aze alifake emvulophini ayivale. Okunye okuseleyo kunamatheliswa emvulophini kuze kunikwe isalamane salowo uswelekileyo okanye umgcwabi onemfanelo yamalungiselelo omgcwabo. Imvulophu evaliweyo ingavulwa kuphela ligosa eligunyazisiweyo lezeMicimbi yaseKhaya.
Inyathelo 2: Izalamane kufuneka zithathe amaxwebhu ziwanike umgcwabiabamkhethileyo ukuba enze amalungiselelo omgcwabo. Ukuba umgcwabi ugunyazisiwe ukuba amkele izaziso zokufa uya kugcwalisa amacandelo afanelekileyo aze akhuphe umyalelo wokungcwaba (B1-14). Umgcwabi uya kungenisa iifomu ezigcwalisiweyo kwi-ofisi ekufutshane yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ngenjongo zokubhalisa ukufa. EzeMicimbi yaseKhaya liya kukhupha isatifiketi sokufa isinike izalamane.
Ukuba umgcwabi akagunyaziswanga ngokuphathelele kumthetho wokwamkela izaziso zokufa kufuneka angenise amaxwebhu kwi-ofisi ekufutshane yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya okanye kwisiKhululo samaPolisa ukuze kube nokukhutshwa umyalelo wokungcwaba namaxwebhu okubhalisa.
Izicelo zezatifiketio zokufa kufuneka zingeniswe kwi-Ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ukuba isicelo senziwe phakathi eMzantsi Afrika. Ukuba kungaphesheya izicelo kufuneka zingeniswe kummeli-lizwe waseMzantsi Afrika. Isatifiketi sokufa esifinyeziweyo siya kukhutshwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo ngokubhaliswa kokufa kwangalo mini. Yonke eminye imibandela ifuna ukugcwaliswa kwefomu yesicelo B1-132 kunye nentlawulo eyi-R8.00. Isatifiketi sokufa esipheleleyo esingafinyezwanga siyafumaneka kwixabiso lama-R43.00.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngokuphathelele kuMthetho (uMthetho woBhaliso lokuZalwa nokuFa we-1992) akukho mgcwabo unokubakho ngaphandle kokuba ugunyazisiwe. Olu gunyaziso lungena kwifomu yomyalelo wokungcwaba. Amagosa ezeMicimbi yaseKhaya . amalungu amaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika kunye mabangcwabi abanyuliweyo bagunyaziswa ukuba bagcwalise iirejista zokufa ezibandakanyekayo kwaye bakhuphe imiyalelo yokungcwaba.
Ukufa okungeyonyaniso umntu orekhodishwe ngakungafanelekanga njengomntu owaswelekayo kwiRejista yabaNtu kufuneka anike ingxelo yoku kwi-ofisi yezeMicimbi yaseKhaya ekufutshane kuzokwenziwa uphando olungxamisekileyo kuze kukorekishwe newonga. Iqela epheleleyo leminwe kunye neefoto kwifomu B1-9 ziya kufuneka kule njongo.
Siphumelele kwimizamo yokumisela ithemba kwizigidi zabantu bethu.
Imbali yesazisi zoMzantsi Afrika inxulumene kakhulu kwisizwe siphela. Ichaza ukuba ngubani lowo uyiphetheyo. Kumntu omnye sisixhobo sengcinezelo, ukanti komnye yayikukufikelela kwilizwe lamalungelo awodwa.
Phambi kukameyi ngowe-1980 urhulumente wakhupha izazisi eziluhlaza. Oku yayikukuthatha indawo yedompasi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngoFebruwari kwangalo nyaka. Kwiphepha saso sokuqala zinkcukacha zomntu. Ulwazi olongezelelweyo umzekelo iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba, izatifiketi zokutshata njalo njalo zazincanyathiselwe kule dompasi kusetyenziswa izincamathelisa.
Ukususela ngoMeyi ngowe-9180 isazisi esiluhlaza esincinane sakhutshwa. Esi sasifakwe ematshinini ngokupheleleyo kwaye kongezwe iimpawu zokhuseleko ukusikhusela kukukhohlisa.
UMthetho wokuZazisa owasebenze ngowe-1986wazisa izazisi esiluhlaza njengoko sisazi. Phambi koku ukuba ubani uyatshata isatifiketi sakhe somtshato sasiqukwa kwisazisi. Oku kuphele ngokwaziswa koMthetho omtsha. Kwiminyaka elandelayo iinguqulelo ezithile zenziwa kwiSazisi kodwa zonke zazinxulumene kukhuselo lwaso oko kukuthi ukukhuselwa ukukhohliswa kwayo.
Xa amaphandle TBVC (Phesheya kweNciba, Bophuthatswana, Venda noMneno Nciba) ayesenziwa akhupha ezawo izazisi. Ezi zazifana nezo zikhutshwe ngurhulumente woMzantsi Afrika. Nangona kunjalo amanani alandelelanayo wabo enziwa ngokwahlukeneyo. Ukuphela kocalu-calulo la maphandle aba yinxalenye yeRephabliki yoMzantsi Afrika. Nabanina owayenesazisi esivela kumaphandle wanikwa isazisi soMzantsi Afrika.
Sihambe umgama omda okoko salawulwa yintando yesininzi ukususela ngowe-1994. ISazisi esasisetyenziswa ukusahlula ngoku sisihlanganisa sonke njengabemi boMzantsi Afrika. Sibonakalisa iyantlukwano kwisizwe sethu, sisikhumbuza ukuba ummi ngamnye woMzantsi Afrika unobubodwa kwaye sibethelela ubuzwe.
Ukuba ufuna ukuphawula malunga nenkonzo oyifumanayo kwiMicimbi yaseKhaya okanye unemibuzo khululeka uqhagamshelane nathi usebenzisa ezi nkcukacha zinikiweyo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IMITHETHO YENKUNDLA YOMGAQO 2.txt</fn>
IJaji eyiNtloko yoMzantsi Afrika imisele imithetho equlethwe kwiSihlomelo ngenxa yoko, elawula imicimbi enxulumene neenkqubo zeNkundla yoMgaqo-Siseko ukususela ngomhla wama-29 kuMeyi yowe-1998*, oku ikwenza phantsi kwecandelo le-171 loMgaqo-Siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996, kunye necandelo 16 loMthetho oFezekisayo weNkundla yoMgaqo-Siseko, 1995 (uMthetho 13 yowe-1995).
Imithetho yenkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno' ithetha imithetho elawula indlela yeenkqubo zeNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno epapashwe phantsi kweSaziso sikaRhulumente esingunombolo R.
Imithetho /engaguqukiyo/efanayo' ithethe imithetho elawula ukuphathwa kweenkqubo zamacandelo ngamacandelo eenkundla eziphakamileyo zamaphondo naweendawo apapashwe phantsi kweSaziso sikaRhulumente esinguNombolo R. 48 se-12 Janyuwari 1965, njengoko sihlonyelwe/silungisiwe.
Naliphi na igunya elisezandleni zeJaji eyiNtloko ngokwale mithetho, lingasetyenziswa yijaji okanye ijaji emiselwe ukwenza oko yiJaji eyiNtloko.
Naluphi usingiselo kule mithetho kwiqela ekufuneka lisayine/ lityikitye amaxwebhu luya kucaciswa njengolubandakanya usingiselo kummeli womthetho welo qela,, kwaye usingiselo kumaxwebhu ezimangalo kuRejistra njengokubandakanya iinkonzo zangaphambili zamaxwebhu alolo hlobo kwamanye amaqela nokufaka iikopi ezingama-25 zawo onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo kwanenguqulelo zoku ezibhalwe ngoomatshini abasebenza ngombane ezisebenzisana kakuhle noluhlu lweenkqubo olufakwa kwikhompyutha, nkqubo ezo ezisetyenziswa yiNkundla yamatyala, kunye neRejistra.
Izaziso, imigaqo okanye olunye unxibelelwano ngokwale mithetho, zinganikwa okanye zithunyelwe ngeposi yerejista okanye ifeksi kungenjalo ngekopi yalo naluphi uhlobo lwematshini esebenza ngombane: Ngaphandle kokuba isaziso okanye unxibelelwano olulolunye uhlobo lunikezelwe ngekopi ebhalwe ngomatshini osebenza ngombane, iqela elinika eso saziso okanye unxibelelwano, kufuneka zisuka nje, luthumele kuRejistra ikopi yesaziso okanye unxibelelwano, ebhalwe ephepheni , kunye nesatifikethi esisayinwe lelo qela lunesiqinisekiso somhla wolo nxibelelwano okanye isaziso.
IJaji eyiNtloko ingawandisa umda wexesha osikiweyo kule mithetho.
Ingxoxo, iimpendulo ezibhaliweyo okanye naziphi izinikezelo ezenziwa eNkundleni ziya kwenziwa ngokucacileyo nangokufutshane.
Izicelo ziya kubhalwa ngendlela efundekayo kwaye zibe nesithuba semigca esiphindwe kabini , esitayitshiweyo kwipheha elibukhulu buyi-A4.
weMithetho eNgaguqukiyo/eFanayo, loo malungiselelo enezo nguqulelo zinokuthi zifuneke, kwinkonzo yayo nayiphi inkqubo yeNkundla.
Ityala lingaxoxwa ngaphandle kwexesha lonyaka elimisiweyo xa iJaji eyiNtloko iyalela njalo.
Ukuba kuthe kanti usuku olutyunjelwe ukuqala kwexesha lonyaka elimisiweyo, ayilosuku lweNkundla yamatyala, ixesha lonyaka elimisiweyo liya kuqala ngosuku lweNkundla yamatyala olulandelayo, ngokunjalo naxa usuku olutyunjelwe ukuphela kwexesha lonyaka elimisiweyo kuthe kwenzeka ukuba asilosuku lweNkundla yamatyala, ixesha lonyaka elimisiweyo liya kuphela ngomhla weNkundla yamatyala ongaphambi kwelo belimisiwe.
Kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, uRejistra inokwamkela amaxwebhu ngeeyure ezingezozokuvulwa kwe-ofisi, kwaye unokukwenza oko xa ayalelwe yijaji.
Isaziso sesibheno umyalelo wenkundla osingisele nakuyiphi imeko kwiNkundla yamatyala yenye inkundla okanye elinye uxwebhu ekuqaliswa ngalo iinkqubo eNkundleni yamatyala ngokwale mithetho, iya kunonjolwa nguRejistra ngenani elilandela lonyaka lowo lifayilishw ngawo.
Naluphi na uxwebhu oluya kufakwa emva koku kwityala elilolu hlobo okanye kwityala eliya kuthi liqhubeke libe lingumvuka weli liya kunonjolwa ngelo nani lelo qela lilifakileyo kwaye alukwamkeleka kuRejistra de libe linonjolwe ngolu hlobo.
Onke amaxwebhu asiwe kurejistra ukuba ayofayilishwa etyaleni aya kufayilishwa nguRejistra kwifayile yelo tyala.
R75.00 eyintlawulo yeendleko zenkundla, oku kwenziwa njengentlawulo yesitampu serevenyu: Ngaphandle kokuba umntu lowo umanelisile uRejistra ngokuhambelana nomthethwana , ukuba ulihlwempu, intlawulo yeendleko zenkundla iya kurhoxiswa nguRejistra oya kukuqaphela oko ngokukubhala kwiphepha lokuqala yolo xwebhu luchaphazelekayo.
Umntu okanye lowo umele onqwenela ukuqalisa okanye ukuchasa iinkqubo zenkundla yamatyala ozibona njengehlwempu, uya kuthi anelise uRejistra ukuba, ngaphandle kwempahla yendlu, impahla yokunxiba nezixhobo zorhwebo, loo mtu akanampahla anayo efana nomhlaba enokufikelela kwixabiso lama-R20 000 kwaye akanakuba nakho ukuhlawula eso sixa ngemali ephuma emvuzweni wakhe, ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Apho kwenziwe khona izikhuphelo ezenziwe ngokufota, kuya kuhlawulwa intlawulo ebalulwe kumthethwana 6a. Iikopi zerekhodi zinokwenziwa nangubani oko nje oko kusenziwa kukho uRejistra.
a URejistra uya kwenza ikopi yalo naluphi na uxwebhu lwenkundla yamatyala xa enokucelwa nangowuphi umntu oko nje loo mntu enokuhlawula iindleko zenkundla yamatyala nezitampu zerevenyu ezili-R0, 50 ngesikhuphelo ngasinye esenziwe ngefoto esibukhulu bephepha okanye inxalenye yaso buyi-A4 kwaye ngentlawulo eyi-R1,00 uya kuqinisekisa angqine ukuba isikhuphelo esenziwe ngefoto siyikopi eyinyani yeso sentsusa.
b Intlawulo yeendleko zenkundla ingarhoxiswa nguRejistra kwimeko yomntu olihlwempu elingenanto ekusingiselwe kuye kwimithethwana 4 no 5.
Siseko phantsi kwecandelo 172 woMgaqo-Siseko, uRejistra kufuneka, zingegqithanga iintsuku ezili-15 emva kokwenziwa komyalelo, enze ukuba loo myalelo upapashwe kwiGazethi ukuba umyalelo unxulumene nowiso mthetho lwamaphondo.
ukulungiselela abameli bomthetho nokwaziswa koluntu.
NguRejistra zingegqithanga iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuba inikiwe imigaqo elolo hlobo.
a URejistra uya kugcina anakekele iirekhodi zeNkundla yamatyala kwaye akayi kuvumela ukuba ziphume ngaphandle kwesakhiwo senkundla yamatyala.
b Naliphi na uxwebhu egcinwe nguRejistra neyenziwe inxalenye yeerekhodi zeNkundla yamatyala azisayi kurhoxiswa/kususwa ngokusigxina kwiifayile zenkundla ezisemthethweni.
c Emva kokugqitywa kwezigqibo zeenkqubo eNkundleni yamatyala, naziphi na iirekhodi zentsusa namaphepha agqithiselwe eNkundleni yamatyala yiyo nayiphi inkundla eyenye ziya kubuyiselw kuloo nkundla bezifunyenwe kuyo.
a Ukuba uRejistra ubona ngathi omnye umntu akanammeli, uya kuthumela loo mntu kwezona ofisi okanye igosa likufutshane leKhomishini yaMalungelo aBantu kwiBhodi yoNcedo ngemiba enxulumene noMthetho, kwiziko elinceda ngezomthetho okanye nakuliphi iqumrhu okanye iziko elifanelekileyo elinokuba nomnqweno libe kwimeko yokumnceda loo mntu.
b URhulumente okanye uRejistra akayi kubanjwa ngamfanelo ngokusemthethweni, yokonakala okanye ukulahleka okwenzeke ngokunika kukaRejistra uncedo ngokunyanisekileyo kuloo mntu kwiinkqubo eziseNkundleni okanye ekunyanzelisweni komyalelo ngokuhambelana nemithetho yokunika uncedo ngezomthetho okanye ekwenziweni ngendlela okanye ukulungiselela nayiphi na inkqubo okanye uxwebhu.
Nakuwuphi na umba, ukubandakanya nasiphina isibheno, apho kukho uxambuliswano ngokufaneleka ngokomgaqo-siseko kwawo nawuphi umthetho okanye ulawulo olulawulayo okanye oluphetheyo okanye ulawulo olusemngciphekweni okanye umthetho wolawulo okanye ulawulo, okanye nakuluphi uphando ngokufaneleka ngokomgaqo-siseko sawo nawuphi na umthetho kudibene nawo nawuphi uMthetho wePalamente okanye owowiso mthetho lamaphondo, kunye negunya elijongene nomthetho olawulayo okanye ophetheyo okanye ulawulo okanye ukuba semngciphekweni kwalo okanye ukuba ukulawula kwawo nawuphi umthetho ololo hlobo awubizwanga enkundleni yamatyala njengobandakanyekayo etyaleni, icala elicel'umngeni ngokufaneleka nokungafaneleki ngokomgaqo-siseko kwaloo mthetho okanye ulawulo, kufuneka, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokufakwa kuRejistra, koxwebhu oluqulathe loo mbambano luvelisiwe okokuqala kwiinkqubo zeNkundla yamatyala, kuthathwe amanyathelo okudibanisa igunya elichaphazelekayo njengecala elichaphazelekayo kwiinkqubo. Akukho myalelo uya kwenziwa yiNkundla yamatyala owazisa umthetho ololo hlobo, ulawulo okanye umthetho, ukuba awuhambelani nomgaqo-siseko kwimeko elolu hlobo ngaphandle kokuba umthetho uthotyelwe.
Ngaphandle kwalapho iNkundla yamatyala okanye iJaji eyiNtloko inike umyalelo ongomnye, akukho mntu uya kuba nelungelo lokuvela enkundleni endaweni yelinye iqela nakuyiphi inkqubo yeNkundla yamatyala ngaphandle kokuba unelungelo lokuvela kwinkundla ephakamileyo.
Ukuba omnye welinye icala kungenzeka afe okanye angabi nakho kwaphela ukuqhubeleka neenkqubo, iinkqubo ziya kumiswa de kube konyulwe ummmeli ogunyazisiweyo okanye umntu ofanelekileyo endaweni yalowo ungenakuqhubeleka, okanye de kuphele ukungabi nakumelana neenkqubo.
Apho umntu ogunyazisiweyo okanye umntu ofanelekileyo athe wonyulwa khona, kungafakwa isicelo kwiNkundla yamatyala, esiyalela ukuba loo mntu ugunyazisiweyo okanye ufanelekileyo makabambele lowo uswelekileyo okanye ongenakumelana neenkqubo.
Nawuphi umntu onelungelo lokungenelela njengecala/iqela okanye ofanele ukuba abandakanywe kwiinkqubo angathi ngokwazisa onke amaqela achaphazelekayo, nakuliphi inqanaba leenkqubo, afake isicelo sekhefu lokungenelela njengecala / iqela. INkundla yamatyala okanye iJaji eNkulu inganika umyalelo ololo hlobo yakufumana isicelo eso, idibanise nawuphi umyalelo weendleko ze inike imiqondiso efunekayo, ngendlela eziza kuhamba ngayo izinto kwiinkqubo.
Igunya elisemthethweni lokumela omnye umntu kwimicimbi yakhe lifanele ukuba lifayilishwe, kodwa igunya legqwetha okanye lowo uligcisa kwezomthetho lokuba limele naliphi icala, kufuneka, zingegqithanga iintsuku ezingama-21 emva kokwazi kwalo naliphi icala, ngokumelwa kwalo lelo gcisa lezomthetho, okanye ngesindululo seNkundla yamatyala ngesizathu esivakalayo esiboniswe nanini na phambi kwesigwebo, sibe siyachaswa ngesaziso/ isindululo, ekuya kuthi emva koko igcisa lezomthetho ingabi saqhubeka nokumela, ngaphandle kokuba kufakwe kuRejistra igunya elisemthethweni lokumela omnye umntu kwimicimbi yakhe, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-21 zokuphuma kwelo gunya.
Naliphi na igunya elisemthethweni lokumela omnye umntu kwimicimbi yakhe elifakiweyo liya kusayinwa ngu- okanye egameni lalowo ulifakayo kungenjalo liya kufezekiswa ngokomthetho.
Akukho gunya elisemthethweni lokumela omnye umntu kwimicimbi yakhe, ekuya kufuneka ukuba lenziwe nangubani egameni likaRhulumente.
Ngokuxhomekeke kule mithetho, nawuphi na umntu onomdla nakuwuphi umcimbi ophambi kweNkundla yamatyala, ngemvume ebhaliweyo yawo omabini amaqela kumcimbi ophambi kweNkundla yamatyala, lingekapheli ixesha elibalulwe kumthethwana , angamkelwa njengomcebisi ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala ngokwemimiselo nemigqaliselo kunye namalungelo kunye namalungelo awodwa njengoko kunokuvunywa ngokubhalwe phantsi ekho onke amaqela eNkundleni yamatyala okanye njengoko kunokuyalelwa yiJaji eyiNtloko ngokomthethwana.
Imvume ebhaliweyo ekusingiselwe kuyo kumthethwana 1 iya kufakwa kuRejistra, zingekapheli iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuba ifunyenwe, ze ummeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni, ukongeza nakuwaphi na amalungiselelo angamanye, athobele amaxesha ekuvunyelenwe ngawo ngokufakwa kwengxoxo ebhaliweyo.
IJaji eyiNtloko inokwenza isilungiso kwizigqibo, iimeko, amalungelo namalungelo awodwa ebekuvunyelwene ngazo njengoko kusingiselwe kumthethwana.
Ukuba ayikafunyanwa imvume ekusingiselwe kuyo kumthethwana 1, nabani na onomdla kumcimbi ophambi kweNkundla yamatyala, angafaka isicelo kwiJaji eyiNtloko, sokuba amkelwe njengommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni, kwaye iJaji eyiNtloko ingasivuma isicelo esilolo hlobo ngokuxhomekeke kwizigqibo neemeko kwakunye namalungelo kwanamalungelo awodwa ngokubona kwakhe ukuba kufanelekile na.
Ukuba kuthe kanti imida yexesha ayimiselwanga kwimigaqo enikwe kuloo mcimbi, isicelo esingqinelana namalungiselelo akumthethwana siya kwenziwa zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuba zifakiwe ingxoxo ezibhaliweyo zommangalelwa okanye emva kokuphela kwexesha lokufaka ingxoxo elolo hlobo.
a kuchaza ngokifutshane okungumdla wommeli ingenamkhethe enkundleni kwiinkqubo; ze siphinde b sichonge ngokufutshane uluvo omalwamkelwe kwiinkqubo, ngummeli ongemamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala; ze c abeke izingeniso eziza kuqhutyelwa phambili ngummeli ongenamkhethe kwinkundla yamatyala, ukufaneleka kwabo kwiinkqubo nezizathu zakhe zokukholelwa ukuba izingeniso ziya kuba luncedo eNkundleni yamatyala ziya kwahluka kwezo zamanye amaqela.
Ummeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala unelungelo lokufaka ingxoxo ebhaliweyo, ukuba loo ngxoxo ibhaliweyo umbandela osel'uchatshazelwe kwingxoxo yamanye amaqela kwaye ivuselela imbambano entsha enokuba lulutho kwiNkundla yamatyala.
Ngokuhambelana nokukumthetho 31, ummeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala uya kuba nomda kwirekhodi yesibheno okanye ekugqithiselweni kwayo kunye neemeko ezifumaneke zivunyiwe kwezinye iinkqubo kwaye akayi kongezelela futhi engenakwenza ingxoxo ngomlomo.
Umyalelo ogunyazisa ukwmkelwa njengommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala iya kubalula umhla wokufakwa kwengxoxo ebhaliweyo yommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala okanye nwuphina omnye umba ofanelekileyo.
Umyalelo weNkundla yamatyala ophethe umba weendleko ungawenza amalungiselelo okuhlawulwa kweendleko ezenzeke okanye ezisisiphumo sokungenelelela kommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala.
Kuya kusebenza amalungiselelo omthetho 1 3, enezilungiso ezifanelekileyo ngokubona kommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala.
a malunga nomba ocamngcwe kwicandelo 1674 yoMgaqo- Siseko, kunye b nokufunyanwa kolawulo/ inkcazelo kwiNkundla yamatyala, isicelo esilolo hlobo siya kuziswa ngesaziso sesindululo esixhaswe yingxelo efungelweyo malunga neenyaniso okanye izinto ezenzekileyo athembele ukufumana ngazo umtyhi, umfaki sicelo/ ummangali kwaye uya kubeka idilesi engekude kuma-25 eekhilomitha ukusuka kwi-ofisi yeRejistra echaza idilesi yasekuhlaleni neyeposi kunye neenombolo zefeksi, ezefowuni kwanedilesi ye-e-mail, xa ngabe zikhona, apho aya kwamkela khona isaziso nawo onke amaxwebhu athunyelwayo, akwiinkqubo kwaye uya kubeka usuku, olungekho ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezintlanu emva kokuthunyelwa kwawo kummangalelwa, okanye ngomhla okanye phambi kokuba ummangalelwa lowo acelwe ukuba azise ummangali ngokubhala phantsi ukuba ingaba unanjongo kusini na sokuchasa okanye ukuphikisa eso simangalo kwaye uya kuchaza ukuba xa oko ukuba isaziso esilolo hlobo asinikwanga, uRejistra uya kucela kucelwa ukuba abeke lo mcimbi phambi kweJaji eyiNtloko ukuze uphathwe ngokuvumelana nomthethwana 4.
okanye 2, njengoko imeko inokufuna.
zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 emva kokwazisa umfaki sicelo, ngenjongo yakhe yokuphikisa kwesicelo, azise ubungqina bakhe obuympendulo, oku kuhamba nawaphi amaxwebhu afanelekileyo xa ngabe akhona, anokubandakanya ubungqina obufungelweyo obuxhasayo.
b Umfaki sicelo angafaka impendulo ngobungqina obufungelweyo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10 zokuthunyelwa kuye kobungqina obufungelweyo namaxwebhu ekusingiselwe kuzo kumhlathi (a) (ii).
Apho kufakwe khona ubungqina obufungelweyo obuyimpendulo, uRejistra uya kuthi thaca isicelo phambi kweJaji eyiNtloko phambi kokuba zigqithe iintsuku ezintlanu bufakiwe ubungqina obufungelweyo okanye, xa kungafakwanga bungqina bufungelweyo obuyimpendulo, zingegqithanga iintsuku ezintlanuzokuphela kwexesha elimiselwe kumhlathi (b).
d IJaji eyiNtloko ingathi, xa inika imiyalelo phantsi komthethwana 4 , ivumele ukufakwa kobungqina obubobunye.
Xa isicelo sithiwe thaca phambi kweJaji eyiNtloko ngokomthetthwana 3 c, iya kunika imiyalelo ngendlela emasiphathwe ngayo isicelo, ngakumbi, ukuba ingaba siza kuphathwa ngendlela yokulungiselela kwaso ukuxoxwa kwetyala okanye, ingaba siza kujongwa ngokukwingxoxo ebhaliweyo oanye ngokufutshane ngokweenkcukacha eziqulethwe kubungqina obufungelweyo.
Kwizicelo ezingxamisekileyo, iJaji eyiNtloko ingakhupha kunye namaxwebhu neenkonzo ezinikezelweyo kule mithetho kwaye inganika imiyalelo yokuba umcimbi kungajongwana nawo ngexesha nangendlela engqinelana nenkqubo, eya kuthi ingqinelane kangangoko nale mithetho, njengoko kufanelekile.
Isicelo esingokomthethwana 1 siya kuthi ngokwaziswa kwesindululo, sikhatshwe bubungqina obufungelweyo obubeka ngokucacileyo iimeko ezigwebela/ ezithethelela ukuphum'ecaleni kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo.
Ingxoxo ebhaliweyo iya kufayilishwa ngexesha. Iya kuphathaha uludwe lokuqulathiweyo, kwanoludwe lamagunya ngokusingisele kumaphepha akuxwebhu ekucatshulwe kuwo.
Ingxoxo ezenziwa ngomlomo aziyi kuvunyelwa ukuba iJaji eyiNtloko iyalele njalo.
a Ingxoxo eyenziwa ngomlomo iya kunxulumana/ kuphathelela kwimiba ephambi kweNkundla yamatyala kwaye ixesha eya kulithatha liya kuba phantsi kwemida esikiweyo yexesha njengokubekwa yiJaji eyiNtloko.
b Amaqela aya kuthatha ngokuba zonke iJaji ziyifundile ingxoxo bhaliweyo nokuba akukho sizathu sokuphinda oko kubekwe kuyo.
a Ingxoxo inokubhekiswa eNkundleni yamatyala ngalo naluphi na ulwimi olusemthethweni kwaye ukufumaneka kwetoliki asilo xanduva lalowo ingxoxo inxulumene naye okanye ingaye.
b Xa kumokwenzeka ukuba ubani afune ukuthetha eNkundleni yamatyala ngolwimi engasilulo ingxoxo yakhe ibhalwe ngalo, kolindeleka ukuba loo mntu afake isaziso esibhaliweyo kuRejistra senjongo yakhe yokusebenzisa ulwimi olulolunye, atsho elukhankanya olo lwimi . Oku makakwenze kwisithuba seentsuku zisixhenxe phambi kokuxoxwa kwalo mba ubandakanyekayo.
Ngokwesindululo esenziwa yiNkundla yamatyala, okanye ngokwesicelo somnye okanye amaqela angaphezu kwesinye, iNkundla yamatyala ingayalela ukuba amanye amatyala amabini okanye angaphezu kwesibini, abandakanya oko kubonakala kuyimibuzo efanayo okanye enxulumeneyo, axoxwe kunye njengetyala elinye okanye ngendlela apha etyunjiweyo.
YiNkulumbuso yePhondo, ngokokufaneleka kwemeko, kuya kwenziwa ngokubhala phantsi kwaye kubhekiswe kuRejistra nakwiGosa elisisiThethi elichophela inkqubo yePalamente nakuSihlalo weKhansile yelizwe yamaPhondo, okanye kwiGosa elisisiThethi elichophela inkqubo kwiNdlu yoWisomthetho yelo phondo libandakanyekayo.
b amalungiselelo avumelana nomgaqo-siseko okanye amalungiselelo anxulumene nokubamba izimvo okulolo hlobo; kunye c nomhlaba okanye izizathu zoko kubamba izimvo/ uluvo.
LePhondo oluchaphazelekayo, xa kufaneleke njalo, aya kuba nelungelo lokufaka isicelo esibhaliweyo esinxulumene nokuqinisekiswa komba ngexesha elimiselweyo kwimiyalelo ephantsi komthethwana.
b bizela epalamente okanye kwiNdlu yoWiso-Mthetho yePhondo elichaphazelekayo, onke amaqela opolitiko anomdla, anokuba nomnqweno wokwezna izicelo ezibhaliweyo ezingqinelana nokuqinisekiswa komba ngexesha eliya kumiselwa kuloo myalelo.
Isicelo ngokongqinelana necandelo 80 1 loMgaqo-Siseko, esenziwa ngamalungu ePalamente yeSizwe okanye uWiso-Mthetho lamaphondo, liya kufakwa kwisaziso sesindululo sixhaswe bubungqina obufungelweyo malunga neembambano athembele kuzo abafaki sicelo/abamangali ukufumana umtyhi kwaye siya kufakwa kuRejistra ze sithunyelwe kwiSithethi sePalamente yeSizwe ze, apho kufaneleke khona, uSihlalo weKhansile yeSizwe yamaphondo, okanye iSithethi seNdlu yoLawulo Mthetho yePhondo elichaphazelekayo, njengoko kunokufaneleka.
Isaziso siya kucela iSithethi kunye noSihlalo weKhansile yeLizwe yamaPhondo, xa kufaneleke njalo, ukuba bazise isicelo ukuze sijongwe ngawo onke amaqela opolitiko amelweyo kuloo Palamente okanye kwindlu yowiso mthetho. Oku makwenziwe ngokubhalwa phantsi zingegqithanga iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokugqithiselwa kwesicelo kuye.
Isicelo ekusingiselwe kuso kumthethwana 1 siya kukhatshwa sisiqinisekiso esivela kwiSithethi sendlu yowiso mthetho echaphazelekayo, ukuba iimfuno zecandelo 80 (a) okanye icandelo 122 (a) loMgaqo-Siseko zizalisekisiwe.
kunye d umtyhi/ ukuphunyuzwa okufunwayo, kubandakanya nomtyhi wethutyana.
zeso sicelo zenjongo yokuphikisa kwaye kweso saziso, uya kukhetha idilesi apho elo qela okanye urhulumente aya kwamkela isaziso nawo onke amaxwebhu akwiinkqubo zetyala.
c Ukuba isaziso esilolu hlobo sinikiwe, isicelo siya kulahlwa ngokokungqinelana namalungiselelo omthetho 11.
a efuna ezinye iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo ngokokubona kufaneleke njalo, kweJaji eyiNtloko okanye uncedo lokuhlangabezana nomcimbi; kunye b nokuba onke amaqela opolitiko anomdla, kwiPalamente yesizwe okanye kwindlu yolawulo yephondo, echaphazelekayo, anomnqweno wokwenza njalo, afake izicelo ezibhaliweyo ezingqinelanayo nokumiselwa kombandela, lingaphelanga ixesha elibekwe kuloo myalelo.
IRejistra yenkundla yamatyala eyenze isiqinisekiso sokungabikho semthethweni komyalelo njengoko kucamngciwe kwicandelo 172 loMgaqo-Siseko, iya kufaka kwiRejistra yeNkundla yamatyala ikopi yalowo mthetho, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 zaloo mthetho.
Umntu okanye ilungu likarhulumente elinelungelo lokwenza njalo nelinqwenela ukubhena ukuphikisana naloo mthetho ngokungqinelana necandelo 172 (d) loMgaqo-Siseko, liya kufaka isaziso sesibheno kuRejistra kunye nekopi yaso kuRejistra wenkundla yamatyala ekhuphe umyalelo, ekuya kuthi ke umcimbi ulahlwe ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo enikwe yiJaji eyiNtloko. Oku makwenziwe zingegqithanga iintsuku ezili-15 wokwenziwa kwalo myalelo.
Umbheni uya kuthi kwisaziso sokubhena esilolu hlobo, acacise kwangoko imihlaba esiza ngayo isibheno, abonise ukuba ziziphi izinto ezikhoyo eziphandiweyo okanye umthetho ekubhenwa kuwo nomyalelo ekusukuzwana nawo kufanele ukuba ube wenziwe.
Umntu okanye ilungu likarhulumente elinelungelo lokwenza njalo okanye elinqwenela ukufaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso somyalelo ngokungqinelana necandelo 172 (d) lomGaqo-Siseko, liya kufaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso esilolo hlobo kuRejistra kunye nekopi yaso kuRejistra wenkundla eyenze umyalelo, apho ke umcimbi uya kuthi ulahlwe ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo enikwe yiJaji eyiNtloko, oku kusenziwa zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 wenziwe umyalelo ololu hlobo.
Ukuba akufakwanga saziso okanye isicelo njengoko sicamngcwe kwimithethwana 2 no- 4 ngokulandelelanayo, lingegqithanga ixesha elibekiweyo, umcimbi wokuqinisekiswa komyalelo wokungabikho semthethweni, uya kuchithwa ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo enikwe yiJaji eyiNtloko.
ISithethi sendlu yowiso mthetho yephondo elililo elipasise okanye elilungise umgaqo siseko ngokungqinelana namacandelo 142 no- 144 omGaqo-Siseko nelinqwenela ukuba loo mgaqo siseko okanye isilungiso esenziwe kuwo, siqinisekiswe yiNkundla yamaTyala, liya kuqinisekisa ngokubhala, okuqulathwe kumgaqo siseko okanye isilungiso esipasisiweyo yindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ze siwufake loo mgaqo-siseko okanye isilungiso sawo kuRejistra uhamba kunye nesicelo esisemthethweni ngokwecandelo 144 loMgaqo-Siseko.
Isiqinisekiso esicamngcwe kumthethwana 1 siya kubandakanya ingxelo ecacisa ukuba umgaqo-siseko okanye isilungiso sawo sipasiswe luninzi olukunekayo.
Naliphi na iqela lopolitiko elimelweyo kwindlu yowiso- mthetho yephondo liya kuba nelungelo lokwenza ingxoxo ngomlomo kwiNkundla yamatyala, ukuba elo qela lopolitiko linokucelwa ukuba lifake icebo eNkundleni yamatyala, ngaphambi kwengxoxo eyenziwa ngomlomo.
c umyalelo wokuba naziphi na izindululo ezibhaliweyo ezenziwe ngokungqinelana necandelo (b), mazaziswe kwamanye amaqela opolitiko kwindlu yowiso mthetho yephondo, ngendlela efanelekileyo ngokokubona kwejaji eyiNtloko.
Siseko siya kuziswa kwisaziso sesindululo, esiya kuxhaswa bubungqina obufungelweyo esiya kundulula izinto ezenzekileyo aqamele nathembele ngazo ummangali ekufumaneni isiqabu/umtyhi.
c ukuba ingaba umcimbi lo unokuqwalaselwa yiNkundla yamatyala bungakhange buviwe ubungqina bomlomo ze, ukuba abunakuviwa, d bungaveliswa njani ubungqina obulolo hlobo ze kusonjululwe njani ukungqubana lwezimvo.
Naliphi na iqela okanye umntu onomnqweno wokuphikisa isicelo, liya kwazisa umfaki sicelo kunye neRejistra ngokubhala phantsi injongo yalo yokuchasa.
Liya kukwenza oku zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10 emva kokufakwa kweso sicelo.
a umyalelo oyalela abamangalelwa ukuba bafake izicelo ezibhaliweyo eNkundleni yamaTyala zokuba ingaba mayinganikwa okanye inikwe kusini na imvume yokufikelela ngqo.
okanye b umyalelo obonisa ukuba akukho mfuneko yokufakwa kwezindululo okanye ubungqina obufungelweyo.
Izicelo zokufikelela ngqo maziphathwe ngokushwankathelayo, kungadanga kwenziwa ngxoxo yamlomo okanye ebhaliweyo ngaphaya kwaleyo iqulethwe kwisicelo ngokunokwaso: Ngaphandle kokuba ummangalelwa ubonise injongo yakhe yokuphikisa ngokomthethwana , isicelo sokuba nokufikelela ngqo siya kunikwa kuphela emva kokuthotyelwa kwamalungiselelo omthethwana.
Siseko, sinikwe yiyo nayiphi na inkundla yamatyala kubandakanya neNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, kwaye kungakhathalelwanga nokuba uMongameli usikhabile na isicelo sokubhena.
UNdimangele ohlungisiweyo sisigqibo senkundla nonqwenela ukubhenela sona ngqo eNkundleni yamatyala kwimeko yomgaqo-siseko uya kufaka isicelo sokubhena kuRejistra zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 somyalelo ekubhenelwa ukuphikisana nawo nasemva kokunika isaziso kulowo okanye abo babandakanyekayo: Ngaphandle kokuba uMongameli weNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno usalile isicelo sokubhena apho ke ixesha elimiselweyo kulo mthetho liya kuqala ukususela ngomhla womyalelo ochasa isicelo sokubhena.
ziphumo zeso sicelo, ukuba ziyaziwa ngexesha lokufaka isicelo eNkundleni.
a Ummangalelwa okanye abamangalelwa mabaphendule kwisityholo ngokubhala phantsi babonise ukuba ingaba siyaliwa okanye asaliwa kusini na isicelo sokubhena, ze ukuba kunjalo kuboniswe imihlaba yokukhatywa kwaso.
Oku makwenziwe zingegqithanga iintsuku ezili-10 ukususela kumhla ekufakwe ngawo isicelo ekubhekiswe kuso kumthethwana.
b Impendulo iya kusayinwa ngummangalelwa okanye abamangalelwa okanye ummeli wakhe wasemthethweni.
a Ummangalelwa okanye abamangalelwa abanqwenela ukufaka isibheno esichasana nesabamagali eNkundleni yamaTyala malunga nomcimbi womgaqo-siseko baya kufaka kuRejistra isicelo sokufaka isibheno esiphikisayo , zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10 ukususela ngomhla wokufakwa kwesicelo kumthethwana.
b Kuya kusebenza amalungiselelo ale mithetho ngokumalunga nezibheno, kunye nezilungiso ezingabe ziyafuneka, kwizibheno ezichasa ezinye.
a INkundla iya kwenza izigqibo zokuba isamkele okanye ingasamkeli isicelo sombheni sokubhena.
b Abafaki zicelo zokubhena bangaphathwa ngamazwi ambalwa, kungadanga kwamanyelwa ingxoxo eyenziwe ngomlomo okanye ebhaliweyo ngaphandle kwaleyo iqulathwe kwisicelo ngokunokwaso.
c Inkundla inokuyalela ukuba lowo ufake isicelo sokubhena makahlaliselwe ingxoxo futhi iyalele ukuba ingxoxo yamaqela ebhaliweyo ayiphathi kuphela umba wokuba isicelo sokubhena masinikwe na, koko sijonga nokufaneleka kwempikiswano. Amalungiselelo omthetho 20 uya kusebenza kwinkqubo eza kulandelwa kwiinkqubo ezilolu hlobo, oku kusenziwa izilungiso ezifanelekileyo.
a Umbheni uya kulungisa ze afake irekhodi yesibheno kuRejistra lingaphelanga ixesha elibekwe yiJaji eyiNtloko kwimiyalelo yalo.
b Ngokuxhomekeke kumalungiselelo omthethwana c apha ngasezantsi, irekhodi yesibheno kuqulatha isigwebo senkundla apho siqatshelwe khona isibheno, kunye nobungqina obukumaxwebhu obufakwe kuloo nkundla ngamaqela kunye nabo bonke ubungqina obunokuba bebuvezwe enkundleni nobunokuhambelana nemiba eza kumiswa.
c i Amaqela aya kuzama ukufikelela kwizivumelwano zoko emakubandakanywe kwirekhodi kwaye, xa singekho isivumelwano esilolo hlobo, umbheni uya kufaka isicelo kwiJaji eyiNtloko, semiyalelo emayinikwe ngokunxulumene nokuhlanganiswa kwerekhodi.
Izicelo ezilolo hlobo ziyakwenziwa ngokuzibhala phantsi kwaye ziya kubonisa uhlobo lwembambano ephakathi kwamaqela malunga nokuhlanganiswa kweerekhodi kunye nezizathu zembambano.
Ummangalelwa angaphendula kwisicelo zingegqithanga iintsuku ezili-10 emva kokugqithiselwa kwesimangalo kuye kwaye uya kubeka izizathu zembambano yommangalelwa.
IJaji eyiNtloko inganika isimangalo kwijaji enye okanye kwiijaji ezingaphezu kwesinye, ezingahlangabezana nalo mcimbi emaphepheni okanye zicele amaqela ukuba avele phambi kwazo ngosuku olubekiweyo nexesha elibekiweyo ukuxoxa ngokuhlanganiswa kwerekhodi.
v Ijaji okanye iijaji ezichaphazelekayo ziya kunika imiyalelo malunga nokuhlanganiswa kwerekhodi, amanqam exesha eza kufakwa ngalo irekhodi kuRejistra kunye nayo nayiphi na imicimbi anokuyibona yena okanye bona ifanelekile ngenjongo yokulungiselela ukuba iNkundla ikwazi ukuhlangabezana nesibheno, miyalelo leyo enokubandakanya ukuba umcimbi ubuyiselwe umva enkundleni ukuya kumanyelwa kobungqina obengezelelweyo obubalulwe kwimiyalelo okanye ubungqina obengezelelweyo buthiwe thaca phambi kweNkundla ngendlela yobungqina obufungelweyo okanye ngenjongo yesibheno.
a Enye yeekopi zerekhodi ezifakwe kuRejistra iya kuqinisekiswa njengelungileyo nguRejistra wenkundla ekubhenwa kuyo.
c Amaxwebhu abonakala cace abetayitshwaokanye eshicilelwe ngokucacileyo ngobume bawo bemveli njengeetshekhi namanye alolo hlobo akanakuphinda achwethezwe/ atayitshwe ndaweni yoko kuya kunikwa iikopi ezifotiweyo kwiphepha elimlinganiselo uyi-A4.
d Amaphepha aya kunonjolwa ngamanani ngokucacileyo nangokulandelelanayo kwaye wonke umgca ongoweshumi kwiphepha ngalinye liya kunonjolwa ngenani kwaye kuya kugcinwa kangangoko, indlela yokubhala amanani emaphepheni esetyenziswa enkundleni yamatyala.
e Iirekhodi ezinkulu kakhulu ziya kwahlulwa zibe yimiqulu emlinganiso ulungileyo/ ufanelekileyo wamaphepha ali-100 umnye. Irekhodi iya kubotshwa ngohlobo lokuthunga incwadi ukuze umelane nokusetyenziswa rhoqo, iya kubotshwa ithungwe ngohlobo lokuba iya kuthi xa isetyenziswa ihlale ivulekile kungakhange kwenziwe kwanto.
f Zonke iirekhodi ziya kubotshwa ngemiphandle yencwadi efanelekileyo ebonisa inombolo yetyala, amagama ababandakanyekayo, inombolo yomqulu namanani amaphepha akuloo mqulu, inani lilonke lemiqulu, inkundla kunye namagama amagqwetha amaqela.
g Ukubotshwa okufunwa ngulo mthetho buya kuqiniswa ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwamaphepha aqulathwe emqulwini: kwaye apho irekhodi ethwele ngaphezulu komqulu omnye, inani lomqulu ngamnye kunye nenani lamaphepha asemqulwini liya kuvela kumantla esinye esithathwini somqolo womqulu.
Kwimbophelelo zecala elibandakanyekayo phantsi komthetho ukuba lifake inani elikhethiweyo leekopi ezingamaphepha zamaxwebhu afakiweyo.
i Ukuba icwecwe lekhompyutha lenziwe laba nokufunyanwa nguRejistra, ifayile iya kukhutshelwa/ kotshelwa ze icwecwe libuyiselwe kulowo ubandakanyekayo. Kwimeko apho kunikezelwe icwecwe okanye ikopi lomatshini osebenza ngombane loxwebhu olungeyorekhodi, iqela linokufaka kuRejistra iikopi ezili-13 kuphela zoxwebhu oluchaphazelekayo.
a ukuba umbheni afake kuRejistra ingxoxo ebhaliweyo exhasa isibheno lingaphelanga ixesha elimiselwe yiJaji eyiNtloko ecaciswe kweso saziso; ze b ummangalelwa afake ingxoxoebhaliweyo kuRejistra eyimpendulo yengxoxo yombheni ungegqiyhanga umhla otyunjiweyo omiselweyo yiJaji eyiNtloko, oya kulandela umhla eyayinikezelwe ngawo ingxoxo yombheni kummangalelwa.
Umbheni unokufaka kuRejistra ingxoxo ebhaliweyo eyimpendulo yengxoxo yombheni zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10 ukususela ngomhla eyanikelwa ngawo ingxoxo yommangalelwa kumbheni.
Kuxhomekeke kumalungiselelo omthethwana 5, iJaji eyiNtloko iya kubeka umhla ekuya kumanyelwa ngawo ingxoxo eyenziwa ngomlomo, kwaye iRejistra iya kwazisa onke amaqela esibheno ngomhla wetyala, oko ekwenza ngeposi eqinisekisiweyo okanye ifeksi. Oku akwenze zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu wazisiwe umhla wetyala.
b ukuba ingaba kukho iimeko ezikhethekayo ezinokufuna ukuxoxwa kwetyala okuya kuthatha ngaphezu kosuku olunye okanye ezihambelanayo nemiyalelo eza kunikwa yiJaji eyiNtloko.
Ngokubhekiselele kwirhafu kunye neentlwulwa ezikhutshwa kumagqwetha, iya kusebenza, nezilungiso ezinokufuneka.
Kwimeko yengxoxo eyenziwa ngomlomo okanye ebhaliweyo, intlawulo yengxoxo ebhaliweyo, kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo, ingavunyelwa njengendaba eyohlukileyo.
Ukongeza kwintlawulo zeNkundla ezimiselwe kule mithetho intlawulo ezikwicandelo 2 iya kuba yintlawulo yenkundla ahlawulwa nezitampu zengeniso yerhafu.
Izigqibo ezimiselweyo kumthetho 44 ziya kusebenza, kunye nezilungiso okanye iinguqulelo ezinokufuneka.
Ithala leeencwadi leNkundla liya kufumaneka ukuba lisetyenziswe ziijaji, abasebenzi baseNkundleni nabanye abantu abanemvume kanoncwadi ngenjongo yophando olunxulumene nomgaqo-siseko.
Ithala leencwadi liya kuvulwa ngamaxesha ekukho iifuno ezifanalekileyo ezinokufunwa yiNkundla kwaye ukusebenza kwalo kuya kulawulwa yimithetho eyenziwe yiKomiti yethala leencwadi leNkundla ngokucebisana nejaji eyiNtloko.
Xa nayiphi irekhodi okanye uxwebhu olufakwe kuRejistra luqulathe okubhalwe ngolwimi olusemthethweni olungaziwayo zizo zonke iijaji, uRejistra uya kwenza ukuba isahlulo saloo rekhodi okanye iirekhodi ezichaphazelekayo ziguqulelwe ngumguquleli ofungisiweyo weNkundla ePhakamileyo, kulwimi okanye kwiilwimi eziya kuqondwa zezo jaji, ze kunikwe amaqela achaphazelekayo iikopi zolo guqulo.
Imifuziselo, iidayagram nemiboniso yezinto eziyinxalenye yobungqina obuthathwe etyaleni baze beziswa eNkundleni ukuze kuhlolwa, buya kubekwa elugcinweni lweRejistraiintsuku ezili-10, ubuncinane, phambi kokuba liviwe ityala okanye lifakwe.
Yonke imifuziselo, iidayagram nemiboniso yoko kubekwe elugcinweni lweRejistra, iya kususwa ngabo bachaphazelekayo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-40 emva kokugqitywa kwetyala.
Xa oku kungenziwanga, iRejistra uya kwazisa iqela elichaphazelekayo ukuba lisuse amanqaku ngoko namgoko ze ukuba awasuswa phambi kweenyanga ezintandathu emva koko, iRejistra iya kuwatshabalalisa okanye iwachithe ngendlela efanelekikeyo.
Xa kuthe kwenzeka ukuba onke amaqela, nangaliphi ixesha leenkqubo zomthetho, afake isivumelwano esibhaliweyo kuRejistra sokuba ityala malirhoxiswe, ebalula iindlela zokuhlawulwa kweendleko kunye nentlawulo emayenziwe kuRejistra zayo yazo naziphi iimali ezifanele ukuhlawulwa, uRejistra uya kungenisa olo rhoxiso, ukuba iJaji eyiNtloko iyalele njalo, apho ke inkundla ayinakube iphinde ibanjwe ngaloo mcimbi.
Lonke uxwebhu olungaphezu kwamaphepha ali-15 luya kuba noludwe lokuqulathiweyo olunonxulumaniso olulungileyo, kungajongwanga indlela yokuphindwa kabini.
Lonke uxwebhu ekuvalweni kwalo, luya kuphatha igama lomntu okanye ummeli wakhe oligqwetha , idilesi yeposi neyasekuhlaleni, inombolo yefeksi, yefoni nedilesi ye- e-mail, xa zikhona, ze uxwebhu lwentsusa lusayinwe ngumntu lowo okanye igqwetha lakhe.
a IRejistra ayiyi kwamkela ukufakwa kwalo naliphi uxwebhu olunikezelwe lukwimo engayithobeliyo le mithetho, kodwa iya kuyibuyisela kulowo wonileyo okanye osileleyo ibonisa iimeko apho kubekho ukusilela ukuthobela: Ngaphandle kokuba iikopi ezintsha nezifanelekileyo zifakwe ngokutsha zingaphelanga iinsuku ezintlanu emva kokufumana isaziso esibhaliweyo, isingeniso esinjalo asiyi kuthathwa njengesishiywe lixesha.
bUkuba iNkundla ifumanisa ukuba amalungiselelo ale mithetho akathotyelwanga, inganyanzelisa isohlwayo, ngokusebenzisa ingqiqo yayo.
Le mithetho ilandelayo yeMithetho engaTshintshiyo iya kusebenza kwiinkqubo zeNkundla, nezilungiso ezinokuba zifanelekile.
La macandelo alandelayo oMthetho weNkundla ePhakamileyo, 1959 uMthetho 59 wowe-1959, aya kusebenza kunye nenguqulelo ezifanelekileyo, kwiinkqubo zamatyala eNkundleni, ngokungathi zuyimithetho yenkundla yawo.
Indlela yokusebenza ngezigunyaziso, iincwadi zezicelo kunye namaxwebhu enkonzo avela kumazwe angaphandle. La malungiselelo aya kusebenza xa kufakelwe ibinzana "naluphi na ulwimi olusemthethweni " endweni yesiNgesi okanye isiBhulu.
a zingunobangela oqhelekileyo okanye azinakuphikiswa; okanye b zikwimeko esemthethweni, yenzululwazi, yobuchwepheshe nakwimeko yamanani aqokolelweyo ukwenza lula ukuqinisekiswa.
Onke amanye amaqela aya kuba nelungelo, kwixesha elivunyelwe yile mithetho ukuba aphendule kuxwebhu olulolu hlobo, ukuvuma, ukukhanyela, ukuphikisa okanye ukucacisa kwizinto eziyinyani kangangoba kufuneka kukwafanelekile ukuze kwenziwe izigqibo ezifanelekileyo yiNkundla.
nika imiyalelokwimicimbi yokusebenza, yenkqubo nokuchithwa kwso nasiphi na isibheno, isicelo okanye umcimbi ongomnye njengubona kweNkundla okanye iJaji eyiNtloko.
Le miyalelo yeendleko iya kuba nefuthe lesigwebo samalungelo enkundla kamantyi ze lowo umyalelo wendleko wenzelwe inzuzo yakhe uya kuthathwa njengotyalwayo sisigwebo ze lowo umyalelo wenzelwe ukuphikisana naye athathwe ngengotyala isigwebo.
Kwimeko apho umyalelo wendleko ungathotyelwanga, lowo ugwetyelweyo uya kufaka kuRejistra ubungqina obufungelweyo obubeka phandle iinkcukacha zomyalelo weendleko nezichaza ukuba umyalelo wendleko awuthotyelwanga okanye awuthotyelwanga ngokuphelelyo, ngaloo ndlela kufaneleke ngayo, kunye nesixa esingekahlawulwa, ze acele uRejistra ukuba amnike ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yaloo myalelo wendleko.
Emva kokuhlola ifayile echaphazelekayo yeNkundla ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa okuqulathwe kubungqina obufungelweyo, uURejistra uya kunika lowo kusingiselwe kuye kumthethwana ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yomyalelo wendleko kwaye uya kurekhoda oko kunika kwifayile yeNkundla.
Lowo kubhekiselwe kuye kumthethwana 2 uya kufayilisha le kopi kuthethwa ngayo kumabhalana wenkundla yamalungelo yommandla ahlala kuwo, aqhuba kuwo ishishini okanye aqeshwe kuwo.
Umyalelo ololu hlobo uya kukhutshwa ngokungqinelana namalungiselelo oMthetho weNkundla kaMantyi, 1944 (uMthetho 33 wowe-1994), kunye nemiThetho yeeNkundla zeeMantyi epapashwe phantsi kwesaziso sikaRhulumente esingu-R.1108 sikaJuni 1968, njengoko sifakelwe, malunga namagunya okugweba ngokuchasene nempahla/ izinto umntu anazo ezithathekayo nezingathathekiyo/ezingashukumiyo nokunikezelwa kwemiyalelo yomvuzo yokuthimba kunye nemiyalelo yokuthimba imali kuphela.
Xa ixesha labelwe nayiphi na injongo okanye isizathu ngokwale mithetho, kwaye elo xesha bekufanele ukuba liqale ukuqhuba phambi kokuqaliswa kwalo mithetho, ixesha elilolo hlobo liya kuqala ukubalelwa kuphela ngomhla wokuqalisa ukusebenza kwale mithetho.
Imithetho yeNkundla yoMgaqo- Siseko ebifudula ipapashwa iya kurhoxiswa ngomhla wokuqala ukusebenza kwale mithetho: Ngaphandle kokuba nayiphi imiyalelo enikwe ngokubhalwa ehambelana neenkqubo eziza kulandelwa ekumiseleni imbambano okanye umba kumatyala asele eqalisiwe, iya kuhlala isebenza, ngaphandle kokuba irhoxiswe ngokubhalwa yiJaji eyiNtloko.
Uyilo lwale mithetho lwalubhalwe ngesiNgesi kuqala ze lwaguqulelwa kuzo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, xa kunokuthi kubekho imbambano, kuya kusebenza ingxelo yesiNgesi.
Le mithetho iya kubizwa ngokuba yimiThetho yeNkundla yoMgaqo-Siseko, 2003.
ukuba ubungqina obufungelweyo buka obu buhlonyelwe apha, buya kusetyenziswa ukuxhasa oku.
Nceda ubeke lo mcimbi phambi kweJaji eyiNtloko ukuba ujongwe ngokungqinelana nomthetho 11.
KuRejistra weNkundla ebizwe apha ngasentla.
Qaphela ukuba u (obizwa apha njengommangali) unenjongo zokufaka isicelo somyalelo kule Nkundla (a)... (b)... (c)... (apha obeka kusaqalwa nje indlela yomyalelo ocelwayo) nokuba ubungqina obufungelweyo obukhapha u... buya kusetyenziswa ukuxhasa oku.
Qaphela kwakhona ukuba ummangali ukhethe u- (Idilesi ebekwe apha) njengedilesi aya kwamkela kuyo isaziso nenkonzo yyokuqhubeka kwazo zonke iinkqubo zetyala.
Qaphela futhi ukuba ukuba ngaba unenjongo zokuphikisa esi simangalo uyacelwa ukuba (a) wazise igqwetha lommangali ngokulibhalela ngomhla okanye phambi (umhla) (b) zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 emva kokuba unike isaziso senjongo yakho yokuchasa isimangalo ukufayilisha ubunqina obufungelweyo obuyimpendulo yakho, xa ngaba bukhona; kwaye kwakhona uyacelwa ukuba ukhwthe idilesi oya kwamkela kuyo isaziso nenkonzo yawo onke amaxwebhu kwezi nkqubo zetyala.
Ukuba akukho njongo yokuchasa inikiweyo, ummangali uya kucela uRejistra ukuba abeke umcimbi pahmbi kweJaji eyiNtloko ukuze kujongwane nawo ngokuhambelana nomthetho 11.
Ukufakwa kwaso nasiphi isicelo (ngaphandle koxwebhu lokuqala) 10.
Ukufakwa kobungqina obufungelweyo obuyimpendulo (ngamnye) 10.
Ukufakwa kwesaziso sokubhena oaknye sokubhena ukuphikisa isibheno 15.
Umyalelo weNkundla onika imvume yokubhena 15.
Intlawulo yerhafu yawo nawuphi umcimbi 25.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IMITHETHO YENKUNDLA YOMGAQO 1.txt</fn>
IJaji eyiNtloko yoMzantsi Afrika imisele imithetho equlethwe kwiSihlomelo ngenxa yoko, elawula imicimbi enxulumene neenkqubo zeNkundla yomGaqo-siseko ukususela ngomhla wama-29 kuMeyi yowe-1998*, oku ikwenza phantsi kwecandelo le-171 lomGaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996, kunye necandelo 16 lomThetho oFezekisayo weNkundla yomGaqo-siseko, 1995 (UmThetho 13 yowe-1995).
siseko, liya kuba naloo ntsingiselo de kube kanti kukwenye imeko ebonisa nto yimbi/eyenye ingxelo efungelweyo?
faka kuthetha ukufakwa kwesaziso sesindululo, ze u-ukufakwa?
ISekela leJaji eyiNtloko?
iziko lamancedo omThetho?
intloko yamapolisa kwisithili?
Imithetho yenkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno ithetha imithetho elawula indlela yeenkqubo zeNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno epapashwe phantsi kweSaziso sikaRhulumente esingunombolo R?
Imithetho /engaguqukiyo/efanayo ithethe imithetho elawula ukuphathwa kweenkqubo zamacandelo ngamacandelo eenkundla eziphakamileyo zamaphondo naweendawo apapashwe phantsi kweSaziso sikaRhulumente esinguNombolo R. 48 se-12 Janyuwari 1965, njengoko sihlonyelwe/silungisiwe?
Naliphi na igunya elisezandleni zeJaji eyiNtloko ngokwale mithetho, lingasetyenziswa yijaji okanye ijaji emiselwe ukwenza oko yiJaji eyiNtloko.
Naluphi usingiselo kule mithetho kwiqela ekufuneka lisayine/ lityikitye amaxwebhu luya kucaciswa njengolubandakanya usingiselo kummeli womThetho welo qela,, kwaye usingiselo kumaxwebhu ezimangalo kuRejistra njengokubandakanya iinkonzo zangaphambili zamaxwebhu alolo hlobo kwamanye amaqela nokufaka iikopi ezingama-25 zawo onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo kwanenguqulelo zoku ezibhalwe ngoomatshini abasebenza ngombane ezisebenzisana kakuhle noluhlu lweenkqubo olufakwa kwikhompyutha, nkqubo ezo ezisetyenziswa yiNkundla yamatyala, kunye neRejistra.
Izaziso, imigaqo okanye olunye unxibelelwano ngokwale mithetho, zinganikwa okanye zithunyelwe ngeposi yerejista okanye ifeksi kungenjalo ngekopi yalo naluphi uhlobo lwematshini esebenza ngombane: Ngaphandle kokuba isaziso okanye unxibelelwano olulolunye uhlobo lunikezelwe ngekopi ebhalwe ngomatshini osebenza ngombane, iqela elinika eso saziso okanye unxibelelwano, kufuneka zisuka nje, luthumele kuRejistra ikopi yesaziso okanye unxibelelwano, ebhalwe ephepheni , kunye nesatifikethi esisayinwe lelo qela lunesiqinisekiso somhla wolo nxibelelwano okanye isaziso.
IJaji eyiNtloko ingawandisa umda wexesha osikiweyo kule mithetho.
Ingxoxo, iimpendulo ezibhaliweyo okanye naziphi izinikezelo ezenziwa eNkundleni ziya kwenziwa ngokucacileyo nangokufutshane.
Izicelo ziya kubhalwa ngendlela efundekayo kwaye zibe nesithuba semigca esiphindwe kabini , esitayitshiweyo kwipheha elibukhulu buyi-A4.
wemiThetho eNgaguqukiyo/eFanayo, loo malungiselelo anezo nguqulelo zinokuthi zifuneke, kwinkonzo yayo nayiphi inkqubo yeNkundla.
Ityala lingaxoxwa ngaphandle kwexesha lonyaka elimisiweyo xa iJaji eyiNtloko iyalela njalo.
Ukuba kuthe kanti usuku olutyunjelwe ukuqala kwexesha lonyaka elimisiweyo, ayilosuku lweNkundla yamatyala, ixesha lonyaka elimisiweyo liya kuqala ngosuku lweNkundla yamatyala olulandelayo, ngokunjalo naxa usuku olutyunjelwe ukuphela kwexesha lonyaka elimisiweyo kuthe kwenzeka ukuba asilosuku lweNkundla yamatyala, ixesha lonyaka elimisiweyo liya kuphela ngomhla weNkundla yamatyala ongaphambi kwelo belimisiwe.
Kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, uRejistra unokwamkela amaxwebhu ngeeyure ezingezozokuvulwa kwe-ofisi, kwaye unokukwenza oko xa ayalelwe yijaji.
Isaziso sesibheno umyalelo wenkundla osingisele nakuyiphi imeko kwiNkundla yamatyala yenye inkundla okanye elinye uxwebhu ekuqaliswa ngalo iinkqubo eNkundleni yamatyala ngokwale mithetho, iya kunonjolwa nguRejistra ngenani elilandela lonyaka lowo lifayilishwe ngawo.
Naluphi na uxwebhu oluya kufakwa emva koku kwityala elilolu hlobo okanye kwityala eliya kuthi liqhubeke libe lingumvuka weli liya kunonjolwa ngelo nani lelo qela lilifakileyo kwaye alukwamkeleka kuRejistra de libe linonjolwe ngolu hlobo.
Onke amaxwebhu asiwe kurejistra ukuba ayofayilishwa etyaleni aya kufayilishwa nguRejistra kwifayile yelo tyala.
R75.00 eyintlawulo yeendleko zenkundla, oku kwenziwa njengentlawulo yesitampu serevenyu: Ngaphandle kokuba umntu lowo umanelisile uRejistra ngokuhambelana nomthethwana , ukuba ulihlwempu, intlawulo yeendleko zenkundla iya kurhoxiswa nguRejistra oya kukuqaphela oko ngokukubhala kwiphepha lokuqala yolo xwebhu luchaphazelekayo.
Umntu okanye lowo umele onqwenela ukuqalisa okanye ukuchasa iinkqubo zenkundla yamatyala ozibona njengehlwempu, uya kuthi anelise uRejistra ukuba, ngaphandle kwempahla yendlu, impahla yokunxiba nezixhobo zorhwebo, loo mntu akanampahla anayo efana nomhlaba enokufikelela kwixabiso lama-R20 000 kwaye akanakuba nakho ukuhlawula eso sixa ngemali ephuma emvuzweni wakhe, ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Apho kwenziwe khona izikhuphelo ezenziwe ngokufota, kuya kuhlawulwa intlawulo ebalulwe kumthethwana 6a. Iikopi zerekhodi zinokwenziwa nangubani oko nje oko kusenziwa kukho uRejistra.
a URejistra uya kwenza ikopi yalo naluphi na uxwebhu lwenkundla yamatyala xa enokucelwa nangowuphi umntu oko nje loo mntu enokuhlawula iindleko zenkundla yamatyala nezitampu zerevenyu ezili-R0, 50 ngesikhuphelo ngasinye esenziwe ngefoto esibukhulu bephepha okanye inxalenye yaso buyi-A4 kwaye ngentlawulo eyi-R1,00 uya kuqinisekisa angqine ukuba isikhuphelo esenziwe ngefoto siyikopi eyinyani yeso sentsusa.
b Intlawulo yeendleko zenkundla ingarhoxiswa nguRejistra kwimeko yomntu olihlwempu elingenanto ekusingiselwe kuye kwimithethwana 4 no 5.
Siseko phantsi kwecandelo 172 womGaqo-siseko, uRejistra kufuneka, zingegqithanga iintsuku ezili-15 emva kokwenziwa komyalelo, enze ukuba loo myalelo upapashwe kwiGazethi ukuba umyalelo unxulumene nowiso mthetho lwamaphondo.
ukulungiselela abameli bomThetho nokwaziswa koluntu.
NguRejistra zingegqithanga iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuba inikiwe imigaqo elolo hlobo.
a URejistra uya kugcina anakekele iirekhodi zeNkundla yamatyala kwaye akayi kuvumela ukuba ziphume ngaphandle kwesakhiwo senkundla yamatyala.
b Naliphi na uxwebhu eligcinwe nguRejistra nelenziwe inxalenye yeerekhodi zeNkundla yamatyala azisayi kurhoxiswa/kususwa ngokusigxina kwiifayile zenkundla ezisemthethweni.
c Emva kokugqitywa kwezigqibo zeenkqubo eNkundleni yamatyala, naziphi na iirekhodi zentsusa namaphepha agqithiselwe eNkundleni yamatyala yiyo nayiphi inkundla eyenye ziya kubuyiselwa kuloo nkundla bezifunyenwe kuyo.
a Ukuba uRejistra ubona ngathi omnye umntu akanammeli, uya kuthumela loo mntu kwezona ofisi okanye igosa elikufutshane leKhomishini yamaLungelo aBantu kwiBhodi yoNcedo ngemiba enxulumene nomThetho, kwiziko elinceda ngezomThetho okanye nakuliphi iqumrhu okanye iziko elifanelekileyo elinokuba nomnqweno libe kwimeko yokumnceda loo mntu.
b URhulumente okanye uRejistra akayi kubanjwa ngamfanelo ngokusemthethweni, yokonakala okanye ukulahleka okwenzeke ngokunika kukaRejistra uncedo ngokunyanisekileyo kuloo mntu kwiinkqubo eziseNkundleni okanye ekunyanzelisweni komyalelo ngokuhambelana nemithetho yokunika uncedo ngezomThetho okanye ekwenziweni ngendlela okanye ukulungiselela nayiphi na inkqubo okanye uxwebhu.
Nakuwuphi na umba, ukubandakanya nasiphina isibheno, apho kukho uxambuliswano ngokufaneleka ngokomGaqo-siseko kwawo nawuphi umThetho okanye ulawulo olulawulayo okanye oluphetheyo okanye ulawulo olusemngciphekweni okanye umThetho wolawulo okanye ulawulo, okanye nakuluphi uphando ngokufaneleka ngokomGaqo-siseko sawo nawuphi na umThetho kudibene nawo nawuphi umThetho wePalamente okanye owowiso mthetho wamaphondo, kunye negunya elijongene nomThetho olawulayo okanye ophetheyo okanye ulawulo okanye ukuba semngciphekweni kwalo okanye ukuba ukulawula kwawo nawuphi umThetho ololo hlobo awubizwanga enkundleni yamatyala njengobandakanyekayo etyaleni, icala elicelumngeni ngokufaneleka nokungafaneleki ngokomGaqo-siseko kwaloo mthetho okanye ulawulo, kufuneka, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokufakwa kuRejistra, koxwebhu oluqulathe loo mbambano luvelisiwe okokuqala kwiinkqubo zeNkundla yamatyala, kuthathwe amanyathelo okudibanisa igunya elichaphazelekayo njengecala elichaphazelekayo kwiinkqubo. Akukho myalelo uya kwenziwa yiNkundla yamatyala owazisa umThetho ololo hlobo, ulawulo okanye umThetho, ukuba awuhambelani nomGaqo-siseko kwimeko elolu hlobo ngaphandle kokuba umThetho uthotyelwe?
Ngaphandle kwalapho iNkundla yamatyala okanye iJaji eyiNtloko inike umyalelo ongomnye, akukho mntu uya kuba nelungelo lokuvela enkundleni endaweni yelinye iqela nakuyiphi inkqubo yeNkundla yamatyala ngaphandle kokuba unelungelo lokuvela kwinkundla ephakamileyo.
Ukuba omnye welinye icala kungenzeka afe okanye angabi nakho kwaphela ukuqhubeleka neenkqubo, iinkqubo ziya kumiswa de kube konyulwe ummeli ogunyazisiweyo okanye umntu ofanelekileyo endaweni yalowo ungenakuqhubeleka, okanye de kuphele ukungabi nakumelana neenkqubo.
Apho umntu ogunyazisiweyo okanye umntu ofanelekileyo athe wonyulwa khona, kungafakwa isicelo kwiNkundla yamatyala, esiyalela ukuba loo mntu ugunyazisiweyo okanye ufanelekileyo makabambele lowo uswelekileyo okanye ongenakumelana neenkqubo.
Nawuphi umntu onelungelo lokungenelela njengecala/iqela okanye ofanele ukuba abandakanywe kwiinkqubo angathi ngokwazisa onke amaqela achaphazelekayo, nakuliphi inqanaba leenkqubo, afake isicelo sekhefu sokungenelela njengecala / iqela. INkundla yamatyala okanye iJaji eNkulu inganika umyalelo ololo hlobo yakufumana isicelo eso, idibanise nawuphi umyalelo weendleko ze inike imiqondiso efunekayo, ngendlela eziza kuhamba ngayo izinto kwiinkqubo.
Igunya elisemthethweni lokumela omnye umntu kwimicimbi yakhe lifanele ukuba lifayilishwe, kodwa igunya legqwetha okanye lowo uligcisa kwezomThetho lokuba limele naliphi icala, kufuneka, zingegqithanga iintsuku ezingama-21 emva kokwazi kwalo naliphi icala, ngokumelwa kwalo lelo gcisa lezomThetho, okanye ngesindululo seNkundla yamatyala ngesizathu esivakalayo esiboniswe nanini na phambi kwesigwebo, sibe siyachaswa ngesaziso/ isindululo, ekuya kuthi emva koko igcisa lezomThetho lingabi saqhubeka nokumela, ngaphandle kokuba kufakwe kuRejistra igunya elisemthethweni lokumela omnye umntu kwimicimbi yakhe, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-21 zokuphuma kwelo gunya.
Naliphi na igunya elisemthethweni lokumela omnye umntu kwimicimbi yakhe elifakiweyo liya kusayinwa ngu- okanye egameni lalowo ulifakayo kungenjalo liya kufezekiswa ngokomThetho.
Akukho gunya elisemthethweni lokumela omnye umntu kwimicimbi yakhe, ekuya kufuneka ukuba lenziwe nangubani egameni likaRhulumente.
Ngokuxhomekeke kule mithetho, nawuphi na umntu onomdla nakuwuphi umcimbi ophambi kweNkundla yamatyala, ngemvume ebhaliweyo yawo omabini amaqela kumcimbi ophambi kweNkundla yamatyala, lingekapheli ixesha elibalulwe kumthethwana , angamkelwa njengomcebisi ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala ngokwemimiselo nemigqaliselo kunye namalungelo kunye namalungelo awodwa njengoko kunokuvunywa ngokubhalwe phantsi ekho onke amaqela eNkundleni yamatyala okanye njengoko kunokuyalelwa yiJaji eyiNtloko ngokomthethwana.
Imvume ebhaliweyo ekusingiselwe kuyo kumthethwana 1 iya kufakwa kuRejistra, zingekapheli iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuba ifunyenwe, ze ummeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni, ukongeza nakuwaphi na amalungiselelo angamanye, athobele amaxesha ekuvunyelenwe ngawo ngokufakwa kwengxoxo ebhaliweyo.
IJaji eyiNtloko inokwenza isilungiso kwizigqibo, iimeko, amalungelo namalungelo awodwa ebekuvunyelwene ngawo njengoko kusingiselwe kumthethwana.
Ukuba ayikafunyanwa imvume ekusingiselwe kuyo kumthethwana 1, nabani na onomdla kumcimbi ophambi kweNkundla yamatyala, angafaka isicelo kwiJaji eyiNtloko, sokuba amkelwe njengommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni, kwaye iJaji eyiNtloko ingasivuma isicelo esilolo hlobo ngokuxhomekeke kwizigqibo neemeko kwakunye namalungelo kwanamalungelo awodwa ngokubona kwakhe ukuba kufanelekile na.
Ukuba kuthe kanti imida yexesha ayimiselwanga kwimigaqo enikwe kuloo mcimbi, isicelo esingqinelana namalungiselelo akumthethwana siya kwenziwa zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuba zifakiwe ingxoxo ezibhaliweyo zommangalelwa okanye emva kokuphela kwexesha lokufaka ingxoxo elolo hlobo.
a kuchaza ngokufutshane okungumdla wommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni kwiinkqubo; ze siphinde b sichonge ngokufutshane uluvo omalwamkelwe kwiinkqubo, ngummeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala; ze c abeke izingeniso eziza kuqhutyelwa phambili ngummeli ongenamkhethe kwinkundla yamatyala, ukufaneleka kwabo kwiinkqubo nezizathu zakhe zokukholelwa ukuba izingeniso ziya kuba luncedo eNkundleni yamatyala ziya kwahluka kwezo zamanye amaqela.
Ummeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala unelungelo lokufaka ingxoxo ebhaliweyo, ukuba loo ngxoxo ibhaliweyo umbandela oseluchatshazelwe kwingxoxo yamanye amaqela kwaye ivuselela imbambano entsha enokuba lulutho kwiNkundla yamatyala?
Ngokuhambelana nokukumThetho 31, ummeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala uya kuba nomda kwirekhodi yesibheno okanye ekugqithiselweni kwayo kunye neemeko ezifumaneke zivunyiwe kwezinye iinkqubo kwaye akayi kongezelela futhi engenakwenza ingxoxo ngomlomo.
Umyalelo ogunyazisa ukwamkelwa njengommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala iya kubalula umhla wokufakwa kwengxoxo ebhaliweyo yommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala okanye nwuphina omnye umba ofanelekileyo.
Umyalelo weNkundla yamatyala ophethe umba weendleko ungawenza amalungiselelo okuhlawulwa kweendleko ezenzeke okanye ezisisiphumo sokungenelelela kommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala.
Kuya kusebenza amalungiselelo omThetho 1 3, onezilungiso ezifanelekileyo ngokubona kommeli ongenamkhethe enkundleni yamatyala.
a malunga nomba ocamngcwe kwicandelo 1674 womGaqo-siseko, kunye b nokufunyanwa kolawulo/ inkcazelo kwiNkundla yamatyala, isicelo esilolo hlobo siya kwaziswa ngesaziso sesindululo esixhaswe yingxelo efungelweyo malunga neenyaniso okanye izinto ezenzekileyo athembele ukufumana ngazo umtyhi, umfaki sicelo/ ummangali kwaye uya kubeka idilesi engekude kuma-25 eekhilomitha ukusuka kwi-ofisi yeRejistra echaza idilesi yasekuhlaleni neyeposi kunye neenombolo zefeksi, ezefowuni kwanedilesi ye-e-mail, xa ngabe zikhona, apho aya kwamkela khona isaziso nawo onke amaxwebhu athunyelwayo, akwiinkqubo kwaye uya kubeka usuku, olungekho ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezintlanu emva kokuthunyelwa kwawo kummangalelwa, okanye ngomhla okanye phambi kokuba ummangalelwa lowo acelwe ukuba azise ummangali ngokubhala phantsi ukuba ingaba unenjongo kusini na sokuchasa okanye ukuphikisa eso simangalo kwaye uya kuchaza ukuba xa oko ukuba isaziso esilolo hlobo asinikwanga, uRejistra uya kucela kucelwa ukuba abeke lo mcimbi phambi kweJaji eyiNtloko ukuze uphathwe ngokuvumelana nomthethwana 4.
okanye 2, njengoko imeko inokufuna.
zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 emva kokwazisa umfaki sicelo, ngenjongo yakhe yokuphikiswa kwesicelo, azise ubungqina bakhe obuyimpendulo, oku kuhamba nawaphi amaxwebhu afanelekileyo xa ngabe akhona, anokubandakanya ubungqina obufungelweyo obuxhasayo.
b Umfaki sicelo angafaka impendulo ngobungqina obufungelweyo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10 zokuthunyelwa kuye kobungqina obufungelweyo namaxwebhu ekusingiselwe kuwo kumhlathi (a) (ii).
Apho kufakwe khona ubungqina obufungelweyo obuyimpendulo, uRejistra uya kuthi thaca isicelo phambi kweJaji eyiNtloko phambi kokuba zigqithe iintsuku ezintlanu bufakiwe ubungqina obufungelweyo okanye, xa kungafakwanga bungqina bufungelweyo obuyimpendulo, zingegqithanga iintsuku ezintlanu zokuphela kwexesha elimiselwe kumhlathi (b).
d IJaji eyiNtloko ingathi, xa inika imiyalelo phantsi komthethwana 4 , ivumele ukufakwa kobungqina obubobunye.
Xa isicelo sithiwe thaca phambi kweJaji eyiNtloko ngokomthethwana 3 c, iya kunika imiyalelo ngendlela emasiphathwe ngayo isicelo, ingakumbi, ukuba ingaba siza kuphathwa ngendlela yokulungiselela kwaso ukuxoxwa kwetyala okanye, ingaba siza kujongwa ngokukwingxoxo ebhaliweyo okanye ngokufutshane ngokweenkcukacha eziqulethwe kubungqina obufungelweyo.
Kwizicelo ezingxamisekileyo, iJaji eyiNtloko ingakhupha kunye namaxwebhu neenkonzo ezinikezelweyo kule mithetho kwaye inganika imiyalelo yokuba umcimbi kungajongwana nawo ngexesha nangendlela engqinelana nenkqubo, eya kuthi ingqinelane kangangoko nale mithetho, njengoko kufanelekile.
Isicelo esingokomthethwana 1 siya kuthi ngokwaziswa kwesindululo, sikhatshwe bubungqina obufungelweyo obubeka ngokucacileyo iimeko ezigwebela/ ezithethelela ukuphumecaleni kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo?
Ingxoxo ebhaliweyo iya kufayilishwa ngexesha. Iya kuphatha uludwe lokuqulathiweyo, kwanoludwe lamagunya ngokusingisele kumaphepha akuxwebhu ekucatshulwe kuwo.
Ingxoxo ezenziwa ngomlomo aziyi kuvunyelwa ukuba iJaji eyiNtloko iyalele njalo.
a Ingxoxo eyenziwa ngomlomo iya kunxulumana/ kuphathelela kwimiba ephambi kweNkundla yamatyala kwaye ixesha eya kulithatha liya kuba phantsi kwemida esikiweyo yexesha njengokubekwa yiJaji eyiNtloko.
b Amaqela aya kuthatha ngokuba zonke iJaji ziyifundile ingxoxo ebhaliweyo nokuba akukho sizathu sokuphinda oko kubekwe kuyo.
a Ingxoxo inokubhekiswa eNkundleni yamatyala ngalo naluphi na ulwimi olusemthethweni kwaye ukufumaneka kwetoliki asilo xanduva lalowo ingxoxo inxulumene naye okanye ingaye.
b Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba ubani afune ukuthetha eNkundleni yamatyala ngolwimi engasilulo ingxoxo yakhe ibhalwe ngalo, kolindeleka ukuba loo mntu afake isaziso esibhaliweyo kuRejistra senjongo yakhe yokusebenzisa ulwimi olulolunye, atsho elukhankanya olo lwimi . Oku makakwenze kwisithuba seentsuku ezisixhenxe phambi kokuxoxwa kwalo mba ubandakanyekayo.
Ngokwesindululo esenziwa yiNkundla yamatyala, okanye ngokwesicelo somnye okanye amaqela angaphezu kwesinye, iNkundla yamatyala ingayalela ukuba amanye amatyala amabini okanye angaphezu kwesibini, abandakanya oko kubonakala kuyimibuzo efanayo okanye enxulumeneyo, axoxwe kunye njengetyala elinye okanye ngendlela apha etyunjiweyo.
YiNkulumbuso yePhondo, ngokokufaneleka kwemeko, kuya kwenziwa ngokubhala phantsi kwaye kubhekiswe kuRejistra nakwiGosa elisisiThethi elichophela inkqubo yePalamente nakuSihlalo weKhansile yelizwe yamaPhondo, okanye kwiGosa elisisiThethi elichophela inkqubo kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yelo phondo libandakanyekayo.
b amalungiselelo avumelana nomGaqo-siseko okanye amalungiselelo anxulumene nokubamba izimvo okulolo hlobo; kunye c nomhlaba okanye izizathu zoko kubamba izimvo/ uluvo.
LePhondo oluchaphazelekayo, xa kufaneleke njalo, aya kuba nelungelo lokufaka isicelo esibhaliweyo esinxulumene nokuqinisekiswa komba ngexesha elimiselweyo kwimiyalelo ephantsi komthethwana.
b bizela epalamente okanye kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yePhondo elichaphazelekayo, onke amaqela opolitiko anomdla, anokuba nomnqweno wokwezna izicelo ezibhaliweyo ezingqinelana nokuqinisekiswa komba ngexesha eliya kumiselwa kuloo myalelo.
Isicelo ngokongqinelana necandelo 80 1 lomGaqo-siseko, esenziwa ngamalungu ePalamente yeSizwe okanye uWiso-mthetho wamaphondo, liya kufakwa kwisaziso sesindululo sixhaswe bubungqina obufungelweyo malunga neembambano athembele kuzo abafaki sicelo/abamangali ukufumana umtyhi kwaye siya kufakwa kuRejistra ze sithunyelwe kwiSithethi sePalamente yeSizwe ze, apho kufaneleke khona, uSihlalo weKhansile yeSizwe yamaphondo, okanye iSithethi seNdlu yoLawulo mThetho yePhondo elichaphazelekayo, njengoko kunokufaneleka.
Isaziso siya kucela iSithethi kunye noSihlalo weKhansile yeLizwe yamaPhondo, xa kufaneleke njalo, ukuba bazise isicelo ukuze sijongwe ngawo onke amaqela opolitiko amelweyo kuloo Palamente okanye kwindlu yowiso mthetho. Oku makwenziwe ngokubhalwa phantsi zingegqithanga iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokugqithiselwa kwesicelo kuye.
Isicelo ekusingiselwe kuso kumthethwana 1 siya kukhatshwa sisiqinisekiso esivela kwiSithethi sendlu yowiso mthetho echaphazelekayo, ukuba iimfuno zecandelo 80 (a) okanye icandelo 122 (a) lomGaqo-siseko zizalisekisiwe.
kunye d umtyhi/ ukuphunyuzwa okufunwayo, kubandakanya nomtyhi wethutyana.
zeso sicelo zenjongo yokuphikisa kwaye kweso saziso, uya kukhetha idilesi apho elo qela okanye urhulumente aya kwamkela isaziso nawo onke amaxwebhu akwiinkqubo zetyala.
c Ukuba isaziso esilolu hlobo sinikiwe, isicelo siya kulahlwa ngokokungqinelana namalungiselelo omThetho 11.
a efuna ezinye iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo ngokokubona kufaneleke njalo, kweJaji eyiNtloko okanye uncedo lokuhlangabezana nomcimbi; kunye b nokuba onke amaqela opolitiko anomdla, kwiPalamente yesizwe okanye kwindlu yolawulo yephondo, echaphazelekayo, anomnqweno wokwenza njalo, afake izicelo ezibhaliweyo ezingqinelanayo nokumiselwa kombandela, lingaphelanga ixesha elibekwe kuloo myalelo.
IRejistra yenkundla yamatyala eyenze isiqinisekiso sokungabikho semthethweni komyalelo njengoko kucamngciwe kwicandelo 172 lomGaqo-siseko, iya kufaka kwiRejistra yeNkundla yamatyala ikopi yalowo mthetho, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 zaloo mthetho.
Umntu okanye ilungu likarhulumente elinelungelo lokwenza njalo nelinqwenela ukubhena ukuphikisana naloo mthetho ngokungqinelana necandelo 172 (d) lomGaqo-siseko, liya kufaka isaziso sesibheno kuRejistra kunye nekopi yaso kuRejistra wenkundla yamatyala ekhuphe umyalelo, ekuya kuthi ke umcimbi ulahlwe ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo enikwe yiJaji eyiNtloko. Oku makwenziwe zingegqithanga iintsuku ezili-15 wokwenziwa kwalo myalelo.
Umbheni uya kuthi kwisaziso sokubhena esilolu hlobo, acacise kwangoko imihlaba esiza ngayo isibheno, abonise ukuba ziziphi izinto ezikhoyo eziphandiweyo okanye umThetho ekubhenwa kuwo nomyalelo ekusukuzwana nawo kufanele ukuba ube wenziwe.
Umntu okanye ilungu likarhulumente elinelungelo lokwenza njalo okanye elinqwenela ukufaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso somyalelo ngokungqinelana necandelo 172 (d) lomGaqo-siseko, liya kufaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso esilolo hlobo kuRejistra kunye nekopi yaso kuRejistra wenkundla eyenze umyalelo, apho ke umcimbi uya kuthi ulahlwe ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo enikwe yiJaji eyiNtloko, oku kusenziwa zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 wenziwe umyalelo ololu hlobo.
Ukuba akufakwanga saziso okanye isicelo njengoko sicamngcwe kwimithethwana 2 no- 4 ngokulandelelanayo, lingegqithanga ixesha elibekiweyo, umcimbi wokuqinisekiswa komyalelo wokungabikho semthethweni, uya kuchithwa ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo enikwe yiJaji eyiNtloko.
ISithethi sendlu yowiso mthetho yephondo elililo elipasise okanye elilungise umgaqo siseko ngokungqinelana namacandelo 142 no- 144 omGaqo-Siseko nelinqwenela ukuba loo mgaqo siseko okanye isilungiso esenziwe kuwo, siqinisekiswe yiNkundla yamaTyala, liya kuqinisekisa ngokubhala, okuqulathwe kumgaqo siseko okanye isilungiso esipasisiweyo yindlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo ze siwufake loo mgaqo-siseko okanye isilungiso sawo kuRejistra uhamba kunye nesicelo esisemthethweni ngokwecandelo 144 lomGaqo-siseko.
Isiqinisekiso esicamngcwe kumthethwana 1 siya kubandakanya ingxelo ecacisa ukuba umgaqo-siseko okanye isilungiso sawo sipasiswe luninzi olukunekayo.
Naliphi na iqela lopolitiko elimelweyo kwindlu yowiso- mthetho yephondo liya kuba nelungelo lokwenza ingxoxo ngomlomo kwiNkundla yamatyala, ukuba elo qela lopolitiko linokucelwa ukuba lifake icebo eNkundleni yamatyala, ngaphambi kwengxoxo eyenziwa ngomlomo.
c umyalelo wokuba naziphi na izindululo ezibhaliweyo ezenziwe ngokungqinelana necandelo (b), mazaziswe kwamanye amaqela opolitiko kwindlu yowiso mthetho yephondo, ngendlela efanelekileyo ngokokubona kwejaji eyiNtloko.
siseko siya kuziswa kwisaziso sesindululo, esiya kuxhaswa bubungqina obufungelweyo esiya kundulula izinto ezenzekileyo aqamele nathembele ngazo ummangali ekufumaneni isiqabu/umtyhi.
c ukuba ingaba umcimbi lo unokuqwalaselwa yiNkundla yamatyala bungakhange buviwe ubungqina bomlomo ze, ukuba abunakuviwa, d bungaveliswa njani ubungqina obulolo hlobo ze kusonjululwe njani ukungqubana kwezimvo.
Naliphi na iqela okanye umntu onomnqweno wokuphikisa isicelo, liya kwazisa umfaki sicelo kunye neRejistra ngokubhala phantsi injongo yalo yokuchasa.
Liya kukwenza oku zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10 emva kokufakwa kweso sicelo.
a umyalelo oyalela abamangalelwa ukuba bafake izicelo ezibhaliweyo eNkundleni yamaTyala zokuba ingaba mayinganikwa okanye inikwe kusini na imvume yokufikelela ngqo.
okanye b umyalelo obonisa ukuba akukho mfuneko yokufakwa kwezindululo okanye ubungqina obufungelweyo.
Izicelo zokufikelela ngqo maziphathwe ngokushwankathelayo, kungadanga kwenziwa ngxoxo yamlomo okanye ebhaliweyo ngaphaya kwaleyo iqulethwe kwisicelo ngokunokwaso: Ngaphandle kokuba ummangalelwa ubonise injongo yakhe yokuphikisa ngokomthethwana , isicelo sokuba nokufikelela ngqo siya kunikwa kuphela emva kokuthotyelwa kwamalungiselelo omthethwana.
siseko, sinikwe yiyo nayiphi na inkundla yamatyala kubandakanya neNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, kwaye kungakhathalelwanga nokuba uMongameli usikhabile na isicelo sokubhena.
UNdimangele ohlungisiweyo sisigqibo senkundla nonqwenela ukubhenela sona ngqo eNkundleni yamatyala kwimeko yomGaqo-siseko uya kufaka isicelo sokubhena kuRejistra zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 somyalelo ekubhenelwa ukuphikisana nawo nasemva kokunika isaziso kulowo okanye abo babandakanyekayo: Ngaphandle kokuba uMongameli weNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno usalile isicelo sokubhena apho ke ixesha elimiselweyo kulo mthetho liya kuqala ukususela ngomhla womyalelo ochasa isicelo sokubhena.
ziphumo zeso sicelo, ukuba ziyaziwa ngexesha lokufaka isicelo eNkundleni.
a Ummangalelwa okanye abamangalelwa mabaphendule kwisityholo ngokubhala phantsi babonise ukuba ingaba siyaliwa okanye asaliwa kusini na isicelo sokubhena, ze ukuba kunjalo kuboniswe imihlaba yokukhatywa kwaso.
Oku makwenziwe zingegqithanga iintsuku ezili-10 ukususela kumhla ekufakwe ngawo isicelo ekubhekiswe kuso kumthethwana.
b Impendulo iya kusayinwa ngummangalelwa okanye abamangalelwa okanye ummeli wakhe wasemthethweni.
a Ummangalelwa okanye abamangalelwa abanqwenela ukufaka isibheno esichasana nesabamagali eNkundleni yamaTyala malunga nomcimbi womGaqo-siseko baya kufaka kuRejistra isicelo sokufaka isibheno esiphikisayo, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10 ukususela ngomhla wokufakwa kwesicelo kumthethwana.
b Kuya kusebenza amalungiselelo ale mithetho ngokumalunga nezibheno, kunye nezilungiso ezingabe ziyafuneka, kwizibheno ezichasa ezinye.
a INkundla iya kwenza izigqibo zokuba isamkele okanye ingasamkeli isicelo sombheni sokubhena.
b Abafaki zicelo zokubhena bangaphathwa ngamazwi ambalwa, kungadanga kwamanyelwa ingxoxo eyenziwe ngomlomo okanye ebhaliweyo ngaphandle kwaleyo iqulathwe kwisicelo ngokunokwaso.
c Inkundla inokuyalela ukuba lowo ufake isicelo sokubhena makahlaliselwe ingxoxo futhi iyalele ukuba ingxoxo yamaqela ebhaliweyo ayiphathi kuphela umba wokuba isicelo sokubhena masinikwe na, koko sijonga nokufaneleka kwempikiswano. Amalungiselelo omThetho 20 uya kusebenza kwinkqubo eza kulandelwa kwiinkqubo ezilolu hlobo, oku kusenziwa izilungiso ezifanelekileyo.
a Umbheni uya kulungisa ze afake irekhodi yesibheno kuRejistra lingaphelanga ixesha elibekwe yiJaji eyiNtloko kwimiyalelo yalo.
b Ngokuxhomekeke kumalungiselelo omthethwana c apha ngasezantsi, irekhodi yesibheno kuqulatha isigwebo senkundla apho siqatshelwe khona isibheno, kunye nobungqina obukumaxwebhu obufakwe kuloo nkundla ngamaqela kunye nabo bonke ubungqina obunokuba bebuvezwe enkundleni nobunokuhambelana nemiba eza kumiswa.
c i Amaqela aya kuzama ukufikelela kwizivumelwano zoko emakubandakanywe kwirekhodi kwaye, xa singekho isivumelwano esilolo hlobo, umbheni uya kufaka isicelo kwiJaji eyiNtloko, semiyalelo emayinikwe ngokunxulumene nokuhlanganiswa kwerekhodi.
Izicelo ezilolo hlobo ziyakwenziwa ngokuzibhala phantsi kwaye ziya kubonisa uhlobo lwembambano ephakathi kwamaqela malunga nokuhlanganiswa kweerekhodi kunye nezizathu zembambano.
Ummangalelwa angaphendula kwisicelo zingegqithanga iintsuku ezili-10 emva kokugqithiselwa kwesimangalo kuye kwaye uya kubeka izizathu zembambano zommangalelwa.
IJaji eyiNtloko inganika isimangalo kwijaji enye okanye kwiijaji ezingaphezu kwesinye, ezingahlangabezana nalo mcimbi emaphepheni okanye zicele amaqela ukuba avele phambi kwazo ngosuku olubekiweyo nexesha elibekiweyo ukuxoxa ngokuhlanganiswa kwerekhodi.
v Ijaji okanye iijaji ezichaphazelekayo ziya kunika imiyalelo malunga nokuhlanganiswa kwerekhodi, amanqam exesha eza kufakwa ngalo irekhodi kuRejistra kunye nayo nayiphi na imicimbi anokuyibona yena okanye bona ifanelekile ngenjongo yokulungiselela ukuba iNkundla ikwazi ukuhlangabezana nesibheno, miyalelo leyo enokubandakanya ukuba umcimbi ubuyiselwe umva enkundleni ukuya kumanyelwa kobungqina obengezelelweyo obubalulwe kwimiyalelo okanye ubungqina obengezelelweyo buthiwe thaca phambi kweNkundla ngendlela yobungqina obufungelweyo okanye ngenjongo yesibheno.
a Enye yeekopi zerekhodi ezifakwe kuRejistra iya kuqinisekiswa njengelungileyo nguRejistra wenkundla ekubhenwa kuyo.
c Amaxwebhu abonakala cace abetayitshwa okanye eshicilelwe ngokucacileyo ngobume bawo bemveli njengeetshekhi namanye alolo hlobo akanakuphinda achwethezwe/ atayitshwe ndaweni yoko kuya kunikwa iikopi ezifotiweyo kwiphepha elimlinganiselo uyi-A4.
d Amaphepha aya kunonjolwa ngamanani ngokucacileyo nangokulandelelanayo kwaye wonke umgca ongoweshumi kwiphepha ngalinye liya kunonjolwa ngenani kwaye kuya kugcinwa kangangoko, indlela yokubhala amanani emaphepheni esetyenziswa enkundleni yamatyala.
Ulungileyo/ ufanelekileyo wamaphepha ali-100 umnye. Irekhodi iya kubotshwa ngohlobo lokuthunga incwadi ukuze umelane nokusetyenziswa rhoqo, iya kubotshwa ithungwe ngohlobo lokuba iya kuthi xa isetyenziswa ihlale ivulekile kungakhange kwenziwe kwanto.
f Zonke iirekhodi ziya kubotshwa ngemiphandle yencwadi efanelekileyo ebonisa inombolo yetyala, amagama abandakanyekayo, inombolo yomqulu namanani amaphepha akuloo mqulu, inani lilonke lemiqulu, inkundla kunye namagama amagqwetha amaqela.
g Ukubotshwa okufunwa ngulo mthetho buya kuqiniswa ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwamaphepha aqulathwe emqulwini: kwaye apho irekhodi ethwele ngaphezulu komqulu omnye, inani lomqulu ngamnye kunye nenani lamaphepha asemqulwini liya kuvela kumantla esinye esithathwini somqolo womqulu.
Kwimbophelelo zecala elibandakanyekayo phantsi komThetho ukuba lifake inani elikhethiweyo leekopi ezingamaphepha zamaxwebhu afakiweyo.
i Ukuba icwecwe lekhompyutha lenziwe laba nokufunyanwa nguRejistra, ifayile iya kukhutshelwa/ kukotshwa ze icwecwe libuyiselwe kulowo ubandakanyekayo. Kwimeko apho kunikezelwe icwecwe okanye ikopi yomatshini osebenza ngombane yoxwebhu olungeyo rekhodi, iqela linokufaka kuRejistra iikopi ezili-13 kuphela zoxwebhu oluchaphazelekayo.
a ukuba umbheni afake kuRejistra ingxoxo ebhaliweyo exhasa isibheno lingaphelanga ixesha elimiselwe yiJaji eyiNtloko ecaciswe kweso saziso; ze b ummangalelwa afake ingxoxo ebhaliweyo kuRejistra eyimpendulo yengxoxo yombheni ungegqithanga umhla otyunjiweyo omiselweyo yiJaji eyiNtloko, oya kulandela umhla eyayi nikezelwe ngawo ingxoxo yombheni kummangalelwa.
Umbheni unokufaka kuRejistra ingxoxo ebhaliweyo eyimpendulo yengxoxo yombheni zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10 ukususela ngomhla eyanikelwa ngawo ingxoxo yommangalelwa kumbheni.
Kuxhomekeke kumalungiselelo omthethwana 5, iJaji eyiNtloko iya kubeka umhla ekuya kumanyelwa ngawo ingxoxo eyenziwa ngomlomo, kwaye iRejistra iya kwazisa onke amaqela esibheno ngomhla wetyala, oko ekwenza ngeposi eqinisekisiweyo okanye ifeksi. Oku akwenze zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu wazisiwe umhla wetyala.
b ukuba ingaba kukho iimeko ezikhethekayo ezinokufuna ukuxoxwa kwetyala okuya kuthatha ngaphezu kosuku olunye okanye ezihambelanayo nemiyalelo eza kunikwa yiJaji eyiNtloko.
Ngokubhekiselele kwirhafu kunye neentlwulwa ezikhutshwa kumagqwetha, iya kusebenza, nezilungiso ezinokufuneka.
Kwimeko yengxoxo eyenziwa ngomlomo okanye ebhaliweyo, intlawulo yengxoxo ebhaliweyo, kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo, ingavunyelwa njengendaba eyohlukileyo.
Ukongeza kwintlawulo zeNkundla ezimiselwe kule mithetho intlawulo ezikwicandelo 2 iya kuba yintlawulo yenkundla ahlawulwa nezitampu zengeniso yerhafu.
Izigqibo ezimiselweyo kumThetho 44 ziya kusebenza, kunye nezilungiso okanye iinguqulelo ezinokufuneka.
Ithala leeencwadi leNkundla liya kufumaneka ukuba lisetyenziswe ziijaji, abasebenzi baseNkundleni nabanye abantu abanemvume kanoncwadi ngenjongo yophando olunxulumene nomGaqo-siseko.
Ithala leencwadi liya kuvulwa ngamaxesha ekukho iimfuno ezifanalekileyo ezinokufunwa yiNkundla kwaye ukusebenza kwalo kuya kulawulwa yimithetho eyenziwe yiKomiti yethala leencwadi leNkundla ngokucebisana nejaji eyiNtloko.
Xa nayiphi irekhodi okanye uxwebhu olufakwe kuRejistra luqulathe okubhalwe ngolwimi olusemthethweni olungaziwayo zizo zonke iijaji, uRejistra uya kwenza ukuba isahlulo saloo rekhodi okanye iirekhodi ezichaphazelekayo ziguqulelwe ngumguquleli ofungisiweyo weNkundla ePhakamileyo, kulwimi okanye kwiilwimi eziya kuqondwa zezo jaji, ze kunikwe amaqela achaphazelekayo iikopi zolo guqulo.
Imifuziselo, iidayagram nemiboniso yezinto eziyinxalenye yobungqina obuthathwe etyaleni baze beziswa eNkundleni ukuze buhlolwe, buya kubekwa elugcinweni lweRejistra iintsuku ezili-10, ubuncinane, phambi kokuba liviwe ityala okanye lifakwe.
Yonke imifuziselo, iidayagram nemiboniso yoko kubekwe elugcinweni lweRejistra, iya kususwa ngabo bachaphazelekayo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-40 emva kokugqitywa kwetyala.
Xa oku kungenziwanga, uRejistra uya kwazisa iqela elichaphazelekayo ukuba lisuse amanqaku ngoko nangoko ze ukuba awasuswa phambi kweenyanga ezintandathu emva koko, iRejistra iya kuwatshabalalisa okanye iwachithe ngendlela efanelekikeyo.
Xa kuthe kwenzeka ukuba onke amaqela, nangaliphi ixesha leenkqubo zomThetho, afake isivumelwano esibhaliweyo kuRejistra sokuba ityala malirhoxiswe, ebalula iindlela zokuhlawulwa kweendleko kunye nentlawulo emayenziwe kuRejistra zayo yazo naziphi iimali ezifanele ukuhlawulwa, uRejistra uya kungenisa olo rhoxiso, ukuba iJaji eyiNtloko iyalele njalo, apho ke inkundla ayinakube iphinde ibanjwe ngaloo mcimbi.
Lonke uxwebhu olungaphezu kwamaphepha ali-15 luya kuba noludwe lokuqulathiweyo olunonxulumaniso olulungileyo, kungajongwanga indlela yokuphindwa kabini.
Lonke uxwebhu ekuvalweni kwalo, luya kuphatha igama lomntu okanye ummeli wakhe oligqwetha , idilesi yeposi neyasekuhlaleni, inombolo yefeksi, yefoni nedilesi ye- e-mail, xa zikhona, ze uxwebhu lwentsusa lusayinwe ngumntu lowo okanye igqwetha lakhe.
a IRejistra ayiyi kwamkela ukufakwa kwalo naliphi uxwebhu olunikezelwe lukwimo engayithobeliyo le mithetho, kodwa iya kuyibuyisela kulowo wonileyo okanye osileleyo ibonisa iimeko apho kubekho ukusilela ukuthobela: Ngaphandle kokuba iikopi ezintsha nezifanelekileyo zifakwe ngokutsha zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu emva kokufumana isaziso esibhaliweyo, isingeniso esinjalo asiyi kuthathwa njengesishiywe lixesha.
bUkuba iNkundla ifumanisa ukuba amalungiselelo ale mithetho akathotyelwanga, inganyanzelisa isohlwayo, ngokusebenzisa ingqiqo yayo.
Le mithetho ilandelayo yemiThetho engaTshintshiyo eya kusebenza kwiinkqubo zeNkundla, nezilungiso ezinokuba zifanelekile.
La macandelo alandelayo omThetho weNkundla ePhakamileyo, 1959 UmThetho 59 wowe-1959, aya kusebenza kunye nenguqulelo ezifanelekileyo, kwiinkqubo zamatyala eNkundleni, ngokungathi ziyimithetho yenkundla yawo.
Indlela yokusebenza ngezigunyaziso, iincwadi zezicelo kunye namaxwebhu enkonzo avela kumazwe angaphandle. La malungiselelo aya kusebenza xa kufakelwe ibinzana naluphi na ulwimi olusemthethweni endaweni yesiNgesi okanye isiBhulu?
a zingunobangela oqhelekileyo okanye azinakuphikiswa; okanye b zikwimeko esemthethweni, yenzululwazi, yobuchwepheshe nakwimeko yamanani aqokolelweyo ukwenza lula ukuqinisekiswa.
Onke amanye amaqela aya kuba nelungelo, kwixesha elivunyelwe yile mithetho ukuba aphendule kuxwebhu olulolu hlobo, ukuvuma, ukukhanyela, ukuphikisa okanye ukucacisa kwizinto eziyinyani kangangoba kufuneka kukwafanelekile ukuze kwenziwe izigqibo ezifanelekileyo yiNkundla.
nika imiyalelo kwimicimbi yokusebenza, yenkqubo nokuchithwa kwaso nasiphi na isibheno, isicelo okanye umcimbi ongomnye njengokubona kweNkundla okanye iJaji eyiNtloko.
Le miyalelo yeendleko iya kuba nefuthe lesigwebo samalungelo enkundla kamantyi ze lowo umyalelo wendleko wenzelwe inzuzo yakhe uya kuthathwa njengotyalwayo sisigwebo ze lowo umyalelo wenzelwe ukuphikisana naye athathwe ngengotyala isigwebo.
Kwimeko apho umyalelo wendleko ungathotyelwanga, lowo ugwetyelweyo uya kufaka kuRejistra ubungqina obufungelweyo obubeka phandle iinkcukacha zomyalelo weendleko nezichaza ukuba umyalelo wendleko awuthotyelwanga okanye awuthotyelwanga ngokuphelelyo, ngaloo ndlela kufaneleke ngayo, kunye nesixa esingekahlawulwa, ze acele uRejistra ukuba amnike ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yaloo myalelo wendleko.
Emva kokuhlola ifayile echaphazelekayo yeNkundla ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa okuqulathwe kubungqina obufungelweyo, uRejistra uya kunika lowo kusingiselwe kuye kumthethwana ikopi eqinisekisiweyo yomyalelo wendleko kwaye uya kurekhoda oko kunika kwifayile yeNkundla.
Lowo kubhekiselwe kuye kumthethwana 2 uya kufayilisha le kopi kuthethwa ngayo kumabhalana wenkundla yamalungelo yommandla ahlala kuwo, aqhuba kuwo ishishini okanye aqeshwe kuwo.
Umyalelo ololu hlobo uya kukhutshwa ngokungqinelana namalungiselelo omThetho weNkundla kaMantyi, 1944 (UmThetho 33 wowe-1994), kunye nemiThetho yeeNkundla zeeMantyi epapashwe phantsi kwesaziso sikaRhulumente esingu-R.1108 sikaJuni 1968, njengoko sifakelwe, malunga namagunya okugweba ngokuchasene nempahla/ izinto umntu anazo ezithathekayo nezingathathekiyo/ezingashukumiyo nokunikezelwa kwemiyalelo yomvuzo yokuthimba kunye nemiyalelo yokuthimba imali kuphela.
Xa ixesha labelwe nayiphi na injongo okanye isizathu ngokwale mithetho, kwaye elo xesha bekufanele ukuba liqale ukuqhuba phambi kokuqaliswa kwalo mithetho, ixesha elilolo hlobo liya kuqala ukubalelwa kuphela ngomhla wokuqalisa ukusebenza kwale mithetho.
Imithetho yeNkundla yoMgaqo- Siseko ebifudula ipapashwa iya kurhoxiswa ngomhla wokuqala ukusebenza kwale mithetho: Ngaphandle kokuba nayiphi imiyalelo enikwe ngokubhalwa ehambelana neenkqubo eziza kulandelwa ekumiseleni imbambano okanye umba kumatyala asele eqalisiwe, iya kuhlala isebenza, ngaphandle kokuba irhoxiswe ngokubhalwa yiJaji eyiNtloko.
Uyilo lwale mithetho lwalubhalwe ngesiNgesi kuqala ze lwaguqulelwa kuzo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, xa kunokuthi kubekho imbambano, kuya kusebenza ingxelo yesiNgesi.
Le mithetho iya kubizwa ngokuba yimiThetho yeNkundla yomGaqo-siseko, ka-2003.
Uludwe lweenkqubo 1?
ukuba ubungqina obufungelweyo buka obu buhlonyelwe apha, buya kusetyenziswa ukuxhasa oku.
Nceda ubeke lo mcimbi phambi kweJaji eyiNtloko ukuba ujongwe ngokungqinelana nomThetho 11.
KuRejistra weNkundla ebizwe apha ngasentla.
Qaphela ukuba u (obizwa apha njengommangali) unenjongo zokufaka isicelo somyalelo kule Nkundla (a).. (b) (c).. (apha obeka kusaqalwa nje indlela yomyalelo ocelwayo) nokuba ubungqina obufungelweyo obukhapha u. buya kusetyenziswa ukuxhasa oku.
Qaphela kwakhona ukuba ummangali ukhethe u-. (Idilesi ebekwe apha) njengedilesi aya kwamkela kuyo isaziso nenkonzo yokuqhubeka kwazo zonke iinkqubo zetyala.
Qaphela futhi ukuba ukuba ngaba unenjongo zokuphikisa esi simangalo uyacelwa ukuba (a) wazise igqwetha lommangali ngokulibhalela ngomhla okanye phambi .(umhla) (b) zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-15 emva kokuba unike isaziso senjongo yakho yokuchasa isimangalo ukufayilisha ubunqina obufungelweyo obuyimpendulo yakho, xa ngaba bukhona; kwaye kwakhona uyacelwa ukuba ukhethe idilesi oya kwamkela kuyo isaziso nenkonzo yawo onke amaxwebhu kwezi nkqubo zetyala.
Ukuba akukho njongo yokuchasa inikiweyo, ummangali uya kucela uRejistra ukuba abeke umcimbi phambi kweJaji eyiNtloko ukuze kujongwane nawo ngokuhambelana nomThetho 11.
Ukufakwa kwaso nasiphi isicelo (ngaphandle koxwebhu lokuqala) 10.
Ukufakwa kobungqina obufungelweyo obuyimpendulo (nganye) 10.
Ukufakwa kwesaziso sokubhena okanye sokubhena ukuphikisa ngesibheno 15.
Umyalelo weNkundla onika imvume yokubhena 15.
Intlawulo yerhafu yawo nawuphi umcimbi 25.
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Eli nqaku aliqulunqwanga ngenjongo yokuba libe lixwebhu eliqulethe yonke into nokuba lisetyenziswe njengelinegunya, kodwa lilumgiselelwe ukuba lisebenze njengesikhokelo kubantu abasebenza ngemitshato namafa.
Ngenxa yomthetho wocalulo eminye imitshato yabantu bomthonyama baseMzantsi Afrika yayingamkelwa okanye yaisuke ipheliswe phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Lo mthetho mtsha kuxoxwa ngawo kweli nqaku uthe wenza iinguqulelo ezinkulu kwizithethe, njengoko kuza kubonwa apha ngasezantsi.
Ngokunjalo indlela abephathwa ngayo amafa abantu abaNtsundu abafe bengenamiyolelo, ibingahambisani konke-konke nomgaqo-siseko yaye umthetho osekelwe phezu kwezigwebo ezithile kwakufuneka unyanzelise iSebe lezobuLungisa ukuba liguqule umthetho walo ukuba uhambelane nomGaqo-siseko.
Kusenokutshiwo ukuba lo mthetho mtsha kuxoxwa ngawo kweli nqaku nawo awuhambelani nezithethe zabantu bomthonyama boMzantsi Afrika, kodwa leyo ayiyonjongo yale ngxoxo. Wena ke zigqibele ngalo nto!
UChahalia - ubuMi, umThetho weeNtsapho zamaSilamsi kunye nomGaqo-siseko wexa elizayo woMzantsi Afrika - uphando lwangaphambili.
Phambi kokuxoxa nzulu ngomThetho wokwaMkelwa kwemiTshato yesiNtu (obizwa ngokuba "ngumThetho" apha ngasezantsi) kubalulekile ukunika amagqabantshintshi ngembono ebanzi malunga nemeko yomthetho ngokunxulumene nemitshato yakwamantyi kunye "nemitshato yesintu" ekwangenwa kuyo phambi kwe-15 Novemba 2000, (okt. umhla owaqala ngawo ukusebenza lo mThetho).
Ngokwecandelo 22 elicinyiweyo lomThetho wokuLawulwa kwabantu abaNtsundu. imitshato yakwamantyi yabantsu abantsundu yayihleli ingeyiyo eyokwabelana ngento yonke kwabo batshatileyo ngaphandle kwengeniso nelahleko kunye nokugcinwa kwegunya lomtshato ngumyeni (khangela kumthetho obhekiselele kuMphathiswa weeNdaba zabaNtu: kwityala likaMolefe echasene noMolefe 1946 AD 315 kunye noBopape echasene noMoloto 2000 1 SA 383 T). Ukuze kubekho ukwabelana ngento yonke kwabatshatileyo kunye nokwengeniso nelahleko apho kungekho sivumelwano senziweyo saphambi komtshato saza sabhaliswa, abantu abantsundu babenyanzelekile ukuba benze isibhengezo malunga nalo mba phambi kwegosa elitshatisayo, kwisithuba senyanga phambi kokuba bangene kumtshato.
Kodwa ke, oko kwabelana ngento yonke, njalonjalo, kwakusenzeka kuphela apho umyeni wayengeyonxalenye yomtshato wesintu kunye nomnye umlingane ngaphandle kwalo mlingane ajonge ukumtshata.
Ngomhla woku-1 Novemba 1984, umThetho 88 ka-1984 weMpahla yomTshato wathi wamiselwa, mthetho lowo owathi phakathi kwezinye izinto waphelisa igunya lomtshato ebenalo umyeni phezu komfazi kumtshato wakwamantyi, okanye ngomthetho wesintu. Isiphumo soku yaba kukuba, ukusuka ngonhla woku-1 Novemba 1984, igunya lomtshato ebenalo umyeni phezu komfazi ngokomtshato laphethwa ngokwe kwecandelo 22 elicinyiweyo, lathi lacinywa ukubuyela emva.
Njengokuba abalingane kumtshato wesintu babengathathwa njengabatshatileyo ngokwasemthethweni, umlingane wayenokuba nakho nangaliphi na ixesha lokuhlala kwakhe kulo mtshato, ukungena kumtshato wakwamantyi nomnye umntu. Ifuthe laloo mtshato wakwamantyi kulo "mtshato wesintu", yayikukuba lo mtshato wesintu wawuvele upheliswe (khangela uNkambula echasene noLinda 1951 1 377 (A) kunye noMalaza echasene noMndaweni 1975 BAC (C) 45). Umfazi okulo mtshato wesintu wayesaziwa "njengomlingane olahliweyo". Umfazi okumtshato onjalo wesintu wayenakho ukungena kumtshato wakwamantyi nomnye umntu kuze ngokunjalo lo mtshato ukhoyo wesintu upheliswe. Ukuba le mitshato iyavuselelwa ngumThetho 120 ka-1998 (icandelo 2) wokwamKelwa kwemiTshato yesiNtu ngumbuzo okuya kufuneka ukuba iinkundla zenze isiqibo ngawo.
Kodwa ke iCandelo 22 lomThetho 38 ka-1927, wokuLawulwa kwabantu abaNtsundu lathi lasindleka ngokhuselo oluthile kusapho olulahliweyo esakufa umyeni. Ngenjongo yelifa, umgangatho womhlolokazi otshatwe kwamantyi kunye nabantwana bakhe wawuthathwa njengokuba uyalingana nowabaya batshatwe ngesintu. Oku kuthetha ukuba, amabango okuqala anikwe umfazi womtshato wakwamantyi kunye nabantwana bakhe athi alahlwa, ze bathathwa ngokulinganayo nala mfazi (okanye abafazi) ulahliweyo womtshato wesintu wangaphambili kunye nabantwana bakhe.
NgokomThetho wokuHlaziywa komThetho womTshato neMpahla yomTshato, umThetho 3 ka-1988, oqalise ukusebenza ngomhla wesi-2 Disemba 1988, umThetho ka-1927 wokuLawulwa kwabantu abaNtsundu wathi wahlenahlengiswa.
Ifuthe loku yaba kukuba yonke imitshato eMzantsi Afrika yathi yenziwa yalingana yaye umThetho 88 ka-1984 weMpahla yomTshato wenziwa wasebenza nakwimitshato yabantu abantsundu ekungenwe kuyo emva komhla wesi-2 Disemba 1988. Imtshato ekungenwe kuyo emva komhla wesi-2 Disemba 1988 ngoko yayiba yileyo yokwabelana ngento yonke ngabo batshatileyo ngaphandle kokuba isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato sathi senziwa saza sabhaliswa kwisithuba seenyana ezintathu kumqulu wezigqibo.
Olunye uyilo olubalulekileyo kukuba "umtshato wesintu" awuzange usuke upheliswe ngulo wakwamantyi. Icandelo 221 lalimalela umyeni womtshato wesintu ukuba angene kumtshato wakwamantyi nomnye umfazi ngeli xesha kusekho lo mtshato wesintu khangela uThembisile echasene noThembisile 2002 2 SA 209 T noKwitshana echasene noMagalela 1999 4 SA 610 TK.
Ngelishwa akukho mvume yanikwayo kwimeko apho lo mtshato wakwamanti uthe wakho emva kwalowo wesintu. Kodwa ke, kuqinisekisiwe ukuba umtshato wakwamantyi onjalo unokulanjathiswa.
Icandelo 3 lomThetho 120 ka-1998 wokwaMkelwa kwemiTshato yesiNtu, walela umlingane oyinxalenye yomtshato wesintu osebenzayo ukuba angene kumtshato wakwamantyi ngomThetho 25 ka-1961 wemiTshato. Umsindleko ofana nalowo kuxoxwe ngawo kumhlathi 2.3.2 apha ngasentla, kodwa kungekho mvume apho imisindleko yalo mThetho ithe yanyhashwa.
Ngo-1978 umThetho 21 ka-1978 waseTranskei wawuvumela ukuba umyeni womtshato okhoyo wakwamantyi aphinde angene kweminye imitshato yesintu, ukuba lo mtshato wakwamantyi wawungenguwo owakwabelana ngento yonke. Ngokunjalo, umyeni okumtshato wesintu wayenganakho ukuthi ngeli xa uqhubekayo lo mtshato wesintu angene kumtshato wakwamantyi nomntu wesithathu, ukuba lo mtshato wakwamantyi yayingenguwo lowo wokwabelana ngento yonke.
Lo mThetho waqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla we-15 Novemba 2000 wenza wazisa inyathelo elikhulu ukuba kwamkelwe yonke imitshato esemthehweni. Lo mthetho ungasetyenziswa phantsi ukubuyela umva yaye ngoku uza kujongwa ngokwamacandelo.
Lo mThetho usebenza kuyo yonke imitshato yesintu ekungenwe kuyo ngokomthetho wesintu, okt. izithethe kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokwemveli phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama boMzantsi Afrika ukwayinxalenye yenkcubeko yabo bantu.
Kucacile ke ngoko ukuba lo mThetho ngumThetho ongazani nabala, usebenza kuphela kubantu bomthonyama bomZantsi Afrika, ukuba lo mtshato wabanjwa ngokwezithethe nezinto ezisetyenziswa ngabantu bomthonyama boMzantsi Afrika.
Imitshato ekungenwe kuyo phambi komhla we-15 Novemba 2000 yamkelwa kuphela ukuba isemthethweni ngokomthetho wesintu nokhoyo ngexesha lokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho. Imiqathango ekufuneka ifikelelwe yile mitshato yileyo ibekwe ngumthetho ongacaciswanga wesintu osebenza ngaphandle kwaKwaZulu-Natal nomthetho ocacisiweyo wesintu osebenza KwaZulu-Natal.
Imitshato ekungenwe kuyo emva komhla we-15 Novemba 2000 iyahambelana neemfuno zalo mThetho. Imiqathango ekusindlekwe ngayo kulo mThetho ingqongqo yaye ukusilela ukuhambisana nale miqathango kuya kuba nefuthe lomtshato onokulanjathiswa.
Bobabini abalingane abaza kutshata kufuneka babe ngaphezulu kwiminyaka eli-18 ubudala okanye bathathwe njengabantu abadala.
Bobabini abalingane abaza kutshata kufuneka bavume ukutshata ngokomthetho wesintu.
Makungabikho kwaba balingane oyinxalenye yawo namphi na omnye umtshato wesintu.
Lo mtshato kufuneka kuboniswene ngawo ze ungenwe okanye ugcotyelwe ngokomthetho wesintu.
Ukulungiselela ukuba semthethweni komtshato wesithembu ngokwesintu, ukongeza kulo mqathango kuthethwa ngawo apha ngasentla, kufuneka kwenziwe isivumelwano njengoko kusindlekiwe kwicandelo 7 (ukuze ufumane ingxoxo egcweleyo ngalo mba khangela umhlathi 5.2.2).
Icandelo 4 lomThetho libeka uxanduva kubalingane ukuba babhalise umtshato wabo, kodwa ukusilela ukubhalisa umtshato akuchaphazeli ukuba semthethweni kwalo mtshato.
Ubhaliso lwenziwa ligosa elibhalisayo (iSebe lezeKhaya), ukuba nje ingcaciso edingekayo emiselweyo iyanikwa ze kuhlawulwe nomrhumo. Nabani na, nokuba ayingabo abo batshatileyo, angafaka isicelo sokubhaliswa komtshato, ukuba nje babonisa umdla owaneleyo kulo mcimbi.
Imiqathango yokubhalisa umtshato kunye namaxwebhu ekufuneka egcwalisiwe kunye nobungqina omabungeniswe kwigosa elibhalisayo ziqulethwe kwimigaqo emalunga nomThetho yaye akuyi kuxoxwa ngeenkcukacha zazo kweli xwebhu.
Icandelo 4 lomThetho lisindleka ukuba inkundla kungayiwa kuyo ngokufaka isicelo ukuze kubhaliswe umtshato wesintu. Eli candelwana linokusetyenziswa kuphela xa kukho imbambano malunga nokuba semthethweni komtshato, hayi kwiimeko apho igosa elibhalisayo lingaqinisekanga ngezithethe noko kusetyenziswayo.
Phambi kokumiselwa kwalo mThetho, inkosikazi ekumtshato wesintu yayithathwa njengomntu omncinci naphakade abe yena umyeni ethathwa njengomlawuli welifa. Icandelo 6 ngoku lithe lasindleka bobabini abalingane ngegunya elilinganayo, ngokuxhomekeka ukuba lo mtshato ungowaliphi na ixesha malunga nokwabiwa kweempahla.
Iziphumo malunga nempahla kwimitshato enjalo zihlala zilawulwa ngumthetho wesintu, ngokuxhomekeka kwimisindleko yecandelo 6, ekuxoxwe ngayo apha ngasentla. Iziphumo ezinjalo okukakhulu zithathwa njengezingangeni kumtshato wolwabelwano ngento yonke ngaphandle kohlelo lwengeniso.
Kodwa ke icandelo 7 lomThetho, lisindleka ukuba abalingane abakumtshato ongenwe phambi kokuqalisa kwalo mThetho ukusebenza, bangathi ngokuhlangeneyo bafake isicelo enkundleni ukuze baguqule isimo sempahla kumtshato wabo, ukuba kukho izizathu ezivakalayo zalo nguqulelo, kunikwe ixesha elaneleyo kubantu ababatyalayo yaye kungabikho mntu wenzelwa ixanasi yile nguqulelo. Inkundla iya kugunyazisa eso sibini ukuba singene kwisivumelwano yaye umtshato uya kuthi kamva ulawulwe seso sivumelwano.
Ukuba kubalingane akakho okomnye umtshato oqhubayo wesintu, umtshato ngulowo wokwabelana ngento yonke, ngaphandle kokuba abalingane bangena kwisiVumelwano sokungaBelani ngento yonke yaye eso sivumelwano sibhaliswe kumgcini wencwadi yezigqibo. Kule meko yokugibela, iziphumo ngokwempahla yalo mtshato ziya kulawulwa seso sivumelwano.
ukuphelisa uhlelo lwempahla yomtshato lwalo mtshato ukhoyo; kunye nokwahlula ilifa nokuqinisekisa ukwabiwa ngokulinganayo kwempahla.
Inkundla iya kusalela isicelo esinjalo ukuba ngokwembono yayo nabani na kwaba bantu babandakanyekayo akakhuselwanga ngokwaneleyo sesi sivumelwano.
NgokwabaCebisi bomThetho kutsha nje imbono efunyenwe liSebe lezeKhaya, ukuphethwa kwesivumelwano kungqongqo yaye ukukubetha ngoyaba kunefuthe lomtshato onokulanjathiswa.
Icandelo 8 likwathe lazisa inguqulelo kwimeko yangaphambili, apho umtshato wesintu ubuya kuchithwa ngaphandle komyalelo wenkundla.
Yonke imitshato yesintu esemthethweni, nokuba ibhalisiwe okanye hayi kufuneka ichithwe yinkundla, (iNkundla ePhakamileyo, iNkundla yeeNtsapho okanye iNkundla yoQhawulo-mitshato ngokomThetho 9 ka-1929). Imisindleko yomThetho 24 ka-1987 woQhawulo-mitshato isebenza kumtshato wesintu yaye umtshato onjalo ungachithwa kuphela xa kukho ukwaphuka okungenakungcibeka kuloo mtshato.
Ukubuyiswa kwekhazi ebelikhutshiwe linqaku ekungekaqinisekwa ngalo okwangoku yaye lowo ulibambileyo kufuneka abe yinxalenye yeenkqubo, kulungiselelwa xa kunokwenzeka kufuneke libuyiswe ikhazi elo.
Icandelo 10 livumela ukuba abo bakumtshato wesintu omfazi-mnye benze isivumelwano sokutshatana ngokomThetho 25 ka-1961 womTshato.
Kodwa ke, umThetho awuvumi ukuba ubani okumtshato wakwamantyi angene kumtshato wesintu nalo mlingane khangela icandelo 104.
Ukwenza umsindleko wokamkelwa kwemitshato yesintu; ukumisela imiqathango yomtshato wesintu osemthethwen; ukulawula ukubhaliswa kwemitshato yesintu; ukusindleka ngewonga nesikhundla esilinganayo kwabo batshatileyo kwimitshato yesintu; ukulawula iziphumo zokwabiwa kwempahla kwimitshato yesintu kunye nesikhundla sabalingane abakumtshato onjalo; ukulawula ukuchithwa kwemitshato yesintu; ukusindleka ngokwenziwa kwemigaqo; ukuguzula imisindleko ethile yemithetho ethile; kunye nokusindlekela imiba ehlangene nako konke oko.
lo mThetho' uquka le migaqo; kanti inkokheli yemveli' nguye namphi na umntu onesikhundla kuluhlu lolawulo lwemveli, ngokomthetho wesintu okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho.
Umtshato ongumtshato osemthethweni kumthetho wesintu nosele ukho ekuqaleni kokusebenza kwalo mThetho wamkelwa njengomtshato phantsu kwazo naziphi na iimeko.
Umtshato wesintu ekungenwe kuwo emva kokuqalisa kwalo mThetho ukusebenza, ohambelana nemiqathango yalo mThetho, wamkelwa njengomtshato phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko.
Ukuba umntu ungumlingane kwimitshato yesintu engaphezulu kwisinye, yonke imitshato yesintu esemthethweni ekungenwe kuyo phambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, iyamkelwa njengemitshato phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko.
Ukuba umntu ungumlingane kwimitshato yesintu engaphezulu kwisinye, yonke imitshato enjalo ekungenwe kuyo emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, ibe ihambisana nemisindleko yalo mThetho, iyamkelwa njengemitshato phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko.
i bobabini babe ngaphezulu kobudala obuli-18 iminyaka; kunye nokuba ii bobabini bavume ukuba batshatiswe phantsi komthetho wesintu.
b lo mtshatho makuboniswane ukuze kungenwe kuwo okanye ugcotyelwe ngokomthetho wesintu.
Ngaphandle kokuba kusindlekiwe kwicandelo 101, akukho mlingane okumtshato wesintu uya kuba nakho ukungena kumtshato phantsi komThetho wemiTshato, 1961 (umThetho 25 ka-1961), ngeli xesha usaqhuba lo mtshato wesintu.
a Ukuba omnye kwabo baza kutshata uselula, bobabini abazali bakhe, okanye ukuba akanabazali, umondli wakhe osemthethwei, kufuneka anike imvume yokuba atshate.
b Ukuba imvume yomzali okanye umondli ayinakufumaneka, icandelo 25 lomThetho wemiTshato, 1961, liya kusebenza.
a Nangona kukho icandelwana 1 a i, umPhathiswa okanye naliphi na igosa eligunyaziswe nguye ngokubhala kwinkonzo karhulumente, linganika imvume ebhaliweyo kumntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala ukuba angene kumtshato wesintu ukuba umPhathiswa okanye elo gosa kuthethwa ngalo libona ukuba lo mtshato uyadingeka yaye ungumdla wabo bantu bangena kuwo.
b Loo mvume ayiyi kukhulula abo bangena kulo mtshato kwizibophelelo zokuba bathobele yonke eminye imiqathango emiselwe emthethweni.
c Ukuba umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala uthe wangena kumtshato wesintu ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yomPhathiswa okanye yegosa elifanelekileyo, umPhathiswa okanye eli gosa lisenakho, ukuba linoluvo lokuba lo mtshato uyadingeka yaye ungumdla woosingaye, nokuba ukuba lo mtshato wawuhambelana nomThetho ngokweminye imiba, ukubhengeza ngokubhala ukuba lo mtshato ngumtshato wesintu osemthethwen.
Ngokuxhomekaka kwicandelwana 4, icandelo 24A lomThetho wemiTshato, 1961, lisebenza kumtshato wesintu apho umntu oselula engena kuwo ngaphandle kwemvume yomzali, umondli, umkomishinari wentlalo-ntle yabantwana okanye ijaji, kuxhomekeka kwimeko.
Ukwalelwa komtshato wesintu phakathi kwabantu ngenxa yokuhlobana ngegazi okanye ukuzalana kuxomekeka kumthetho wesintu.
Abalingane abakumtshato wesintu banoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba umtshato wabo ubhalisiwe.
Namphi na umlingane angafaka isicelo kwigosa elibhalisayo ngokugcwalisa ifom emiselweyo ukuze abhalise umtshato wakhe wesintu yaye kufuneka anike igosa elibhalisayo ulwazi olumiselweyo kunye nalo naluphi na ulwazi olongezelelekileyo olunokufunwa ligosa elibhalisayo ukuze lizanelise ngobukho baloo mtshato.
a ekungenwe kuwo ngaphambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, ube ungabhaliswanga ngokwawo nawuphi na omnye umthetho, kufuneka ubhaliswe kwisithuba seenyanga ezili-12 emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho okanye kwixesha elidana njengoko umPhathiswa angathi amaxesha ngamaxesha amisele isaziso kwiGazethi; okanye b ekungenwe kuwo emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, kufuneka ubhaliswe kwisthuba seenyanga ezintathu emva kokuphethwa kwawo loo mtshato okanye kwixesha elidana njengoko umPhathiswa angathi amaxesha ngamaxesha amisele isaziso kwiGazethi.
a Igosa elibhalisayo, ukuba lanelisekile ukuba abalingane bangene kumtshato osemthethweni, kufuneka liwubhalise lo mtshato ngokubhala amagama abalingane, umhla walo mtshato, ikhazi ekuvunyelwene ngalo nazo naziphi na iinkcukacha ezimiselweyo.
c Igosa elibhalisayo kufuneka linike aba balingane isiqiniselo sobhaliso lomtshato, esineenkcukacha ezimiselweyo.
a Ukuba ngaso nasiphi na isizathu, umtshato wesintu awubhaliswanga, nabani na othi anelise igosa elibhalisayo ukuba unomdla owaneleyo kulo mba angafaka isicelo kwigosa elibhalisayo ngala ndlela imiselweyo ukuze liphande ngobukho baloo mtshato.
b Ukuba igosa elibhalisayo lanelisekile ukuba ukho okanye wakha wakho umtshato wesintu osemthethweni phakathi kwabo balingane, kufuneka awubhalise lo mtshato ze akhuphe isiqiniselo sobhaliso njengoko kuveziwe kwicandelwana.
Ukuba igosa elibhalisayo alaneliseki ukuba kwangenwa kumtshato wesintu osemthethweni ngaba balingane, kufuneka ale ukuwubhalisa lo mtshato.
a ukubhaliswa kwawo nawuphi na umtshato wesintu; okanye b ukucinywa okanye ukulungiswa kwalo naluphi na ubhaliso lomtshato wesintu olwenziwe ligosa elibhalisayo.
Isiqiniselo sobhaliso lomtshato wesintu esikhutshwe phantsi kweli candelo okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho onika umsindleko wokubhaliswa kwemitshato yesintu siba nobungqina obamkelweyo bobukho balo mtshato wesintu nobeenkcukacha eziqulethwe kweso siqiniselo.
Ukusilela ukubhalisa umtshato wesintu akuchaphazeli ukuba semthethweni kwalo mtshato.
Igosa elibhalisayo, malunga nomntu ekuthiwa uselula, linokwamkela isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa, incwadi yesazizsi, ingxelo efungelweyo okanye umzali nokuba sisizalwana salo mntu uselula okanye nobunye ubungqina elibona bufanelekile eli gosa libhalisayo njengobungqina bobudala baloo mntu uselula.
Ukuba ubudala bomntu ekuthiwa uselula abuqiniseki okanye kuyaphikiswana ngabo, bube ubudala balo mntu bubalulekile ngenjongo yalo mThetho, igosa elibhalisayo linokuthi ngala ndlela imiselweyo lingenise lo mba kwinkundla kamantyi emiselwe ngokomThetho weeNkundla zikaMantyi, 1944 (umThetho 32 ka-1944), ekufuneka yona inkundla iqinisekise ubudala balo mntu ze ikhuphe isiqiniselo esimiselweyo malunga nalo mcimbi, siqiniselo eso siqulethe ubungqina bobudala balo mntu.
Umfazi okumtshato wesintu, ngokokulingana nomyeni wakhe nangokuxhomekeka kuhlelo lokwabiwa kweempahla olulawula lo mtshato, unesidima nesikhundla esipheleleyo, kuquka nesikhundla sokufumana iimphla nokuzichitha, ukungena kwisivumelwano kunye nokumangala, ngaphezu kwawo nawaphi na amalungelo namagunya anokuba nawo ngokomthetho wesintu.
Iziphumo zokwabiwa kwempahla kumtshato wesintu ekungenwe kuwo phambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho ziyaqhubeka ukulawulwa ngumthetho wesintu.
Umtshato wesintu ekungenwe kuwo emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, apho umlingane angeyonxalenye yawo nawuphi na omnye umtshato wesintu okhoyo, ngumtshato apho kwabelwana ngento yonke, nengeniso nelahleko phakathi kwabalingane, ngaphandle kokuba ezo ziphumo zibe zithe ngokucacileyo azafakwa ngabalingane kwisivumelwano somtshato esilawula uhlelo sempahla yomtshato wabo.
somThetho weMpahla yomTshato, 1984 (umThetho 88 ka-1984), zisebenza kuwo nawuphi na umtshato wesintu ongowokwabelana ngento yonke njengoko kuvezwe kwicandelwana.
a Abalingane abakumtshato wesintu ekungenwe kuwo phambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho bangathi ngokuhlangeneyo bafake isicelo enkundleni ukuze bavunyelwe ukuguqula uhlelo lwempahla yomtshato olusebenza kumtshato okanye imitshato yabo yaye inkundla ingathi ikhuphe umyalelo wokuba uhlelo lwempahla yomtshato olusebenza kulo mtshato okanye kuloo mitshato alusayi kuqhubeka lusebenza ize igunyazise abo bachaphazelekayo kulo mtshato okanye kuloo mitshato ukuba bangene kwisivumelwano esibhaliweyo apho uhlelo lwempahla yomtshato okanye yemitshato yabo luya kuthi lulawulwe ngokwemiqathango emiselwe yinkundla.
kuye kwanikwa isaziso esibhaliweyo nesanelisayo sale nguqulelo icetywayo kubo bonke abatyalwa izambuku ezingaphezu kwama- R500 ngaba balingane njengoko kunokugqitywa ngumPhathiswa wezobuLungisa ngesaziso kwiGazethi; nokuba iii akukho mntu ungomnye uya kwenzelwa ixanasi yile nguqulelo icetywayo.
b Kwimeko apho umyeni eyinxalenye yemitshato yesintu engaphezu kwsinye, bonke abantu abanomdla owaneleyo kulo mcimbi, ngokukodwa umlingane okanye abalingane balowo ufaka isicelo, kufuneka bafakwe kwiinkqubo.
lisebenza kumtshato wesintu ekungenwe kuwo emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho apho umyeni engenabalingane badlulileyo kwisinye.
Umyeni okumtshato wesintu onqwenela ukungena komnye umtshato wesintu nomnye umfazi emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho kufuneka afake isicelo enkundleni ukuba iphumeze isivumelwano esibhaliweyo esiya kulawula ikamva lohlelo lokwabiwa kwempahla kulo mtshato wakhe.
inike umyalelo ngokuxhomekeka kuyo nayiphi na imiqathango eyibona inobulungisa; okanye iii isalele isicelo ukuba ngokokubona kwayo imidla yalo naliphi na icala elibandakanyekayo ayiyikukhuseleka ngokwaneleyo kwesi sivumelwano sicetywayo.
Bonke abantu abanomdla owaneleyo kulo mcimbi, ngokukodwa umlingane okanye abalingane balowo ufaka isicelo kunye nalowo useza kuba ngumlingane wakhe, kufuneka bafakwe kwiinkqubo ezimiselwe ngokwecandelwana.
Ukuba inkundla iyasiphumeza isicelo ekuthethwe ngaso kwicandelwana okanye 6, umgcini zincwadi okanye unobhala wenkundla, ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko, kufuneka anike umlingane ngamnye umyalelo wenkundla kuquka isikhutshelo esiqinisekisiweyo seso sivumelwano yaye kufuneka abone ukuba lo myalelo kunye nesikhutshelo esiqinisekisiweyo seso sivumelwano sithunyelwa kumgcini zincwadi wezivumelwano ngamnye walo mmandla ikuwo inkundla.
Umtshato wesintu ungachithwa kuphela yinkundla ngommiselo woqhawulo-mitshato phantsi kwemihlaba yokuba lo mtshato uqhekekileyo awusenakungcibeka.
Inkundla ingakhupha ummiselo woqhawulo-mtshato phantsi komhlaba wokuba umtshato oqhekekileyo awusenakungcibeka ukuba yanelisekile ukuba ubudlelane bomtshato phakathi kweso sibini sisemtshatweni sebufikelele kwimeko yokuphasalaka yaye akusekho themba libonakalayo lokubuyisela uzinzo kubudlelane bomtshato phakathi kwabo.
umThetho 24 ka-1987 necandelo 6 lomThetho woQhawulo-mitshato, 1979 umThetho 70 ka-1979, ziyasebenza ekuchithweni komtshato wesintu.
d ingenza umyalelo malunga nokuba ngubani na omakagcine namphi na umntwana oselula walo mtshato; yaye e ingathi xa isenza umyalelo wokuhlawulwa kwesondlo, ithathele ingqalelo yawo nawuphi na umsindleko okanye ulungiselelo oluthe lwenziwa ngokomthetho wesintu.
Kweli candelo akukho nto inokuguqulwa njengenika imida kwindima, evunywe kumthetho wesintu, yakhe namphi na umntu, kuquka nayiphi na inkokheli yemveli, ekulamleni, ngokomthetho wesintu, kuyo nayiphi na imbambano okanye umba ovela phambi kokuba kuchithwe umtshato wesintu yinkundla.
Nangona kukho imigaqo yomthetho wesintu, ubudala obusemthethweni bakhe nabani na bugqitywa ngokwemiqathango yomThetho wobuDala obusemThethweni, 1972 (umThetho 57 ka-1972).
Indoda nomfazi abakumtshato wesintu banakho ukungena kwisivumelwano somtshato phantsi komThetho wemiTshato, 1981 (umThetho 25 ka-1961), ukuba phakathi kwabo akakho ongumlingane komnye umtshato oqhubayo nomnye umntu.
Xa kungenwa emtsharweni njengoko kuvezwe kwicandelwana 1 lo mtshato ngowokwabelana ngento yonke kunye nengeniso nelahleko ngaphandle kokuba ezo ziphumo zithe ngokucacileyo azafakwa kwisivumelwano somtshato esilawula uhlelo lwempahla yomtshato wabo.
omThetho weMpahla yomTshato, 1984 (umThetho 88 ka-1984), zisebenza malunga nawo nawuphi na umtshato ongowohlelo lokwabelana ngento yonke njengoko kuveziwe kwicandelwana.
Nangona kukho icandelwana 1, akukho mlingane okumtshato ekungenwe kuwo phantsi komThetho wemiTshato, 1961, unakho ukuthi, ngeli xesha lomtshato usaqhubekayo, angene kuwo nawuphi na omnye umtshato.
ngawo nawuphi na umcimbi ofunekayo okanye ovunyelweyo ukuba umiselwe ngokwalo mThetho; kunye vii nawo nawuphi na omnye umcimbi odingekayo okanye ongxamisekileyo ukuba kusindlekwa ubhaliso oluchanekileyo lwemitshato yesintu okanye ulawulo olwenziwe kakuhle lwalo mThetho; kunye b nokumisela imirhumo ehlawulwayo malunga nokubhaliswa komtshato wesintu kunye nokukhutshwa kwaso nasiphi na isiqiniselo malunga noko.
Nawo nawuphi na umgaqo omiselwe phantsi kwecandelwana 1 kufuneka ungeniswe ePalamente, phambi kokuba upapashwe kwiGazethi.
Nawuphi na umgaqo omiselwe phantsi kwecandelwana 1 onokukhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kwemali nguRhulumente okanye imigaqo emiselwe phantsi kwecandelwana 1 b kufuneka yenziwe ngokubonisana nomPhathiswa wezeziMali.
Nawuphi na umgaqo omiselwe phantsi kwecandelwana 1 ungasindleka ukuba nawuphi na umntu othi ophule umsindleko wawo okanye asilele ukuhambisana nawo abe uya kubekwa ityala aze esakugwetywa kufuneke ukaba ahlawule umdliwo okanye avalelwe isithuba esingadlulanga kunyaka omnye.
b uyinxalenye okanye wawuyinxalenye yempahla kwilifa elihlangeneyo, yaye inkundla ithe yakhupha umyalelo, okanye ithe yakhupha umyalelo yaza yanika isigunyaziso, phantsi kwecandelo 20 okanye 21 1 lomThetho weMpahla yomTshato, 1984 umThetho 88 ka-1984, okanye phantsi kwecandelo 7 lomThetho wokwamkelwa kwemiTshato yesiNtu, 1988, ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko, apho impahla, okuqeshiweyo okanye ityala linikwa omnye wabalingane kwizabelo ezingahlulwanga.'.
Le mithetho ikhankanywe kwesi siCwangciso iyaguzulwa kangangoko kubekiwe kuluhlu lwesithathu lwesiCwangciso.
Lo mThetho ubizwa ngokuba ngumThetho wokwaMkelwa kwemiTshato yesiNtu, 19898, yaye uqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla omiselwe nguMongameli ngesibhengezo kwiGazethi, okt. 15 Novemba 2000.
Kwixesha elidlulileyo uMzantsi Afrika wawusamkela iintlelo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zobundlalifa ubuncinane: umthetho ongabhalwanga (kunye nemimiselo ewuhlengahlengisayo) kunye nemithetho yesintu. Uninzi lwemigaqo yesintu eyayisetyentyiswa kwixa elingaphambili yayingapheleli nje ekungquzulaneni nomqathango wempatho elinganayo, kodwa yayingahambisani nomgaqo-siseko.
Ingxoxo emayela nongquzulwano phakathi kwenkcubeko kunye nokulingana (khangela amacandelo 9 no- 30 omGaqo-siseko) ibe kho kakhulu, ngakumbi kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo.
Umzekelo ophathekayo wolu ngquzulwano uthe wabonakala kwityala lokuqala likaMthembu uMthembu echasene noLetsela 1997 2 SA 9 36 T kunye netyala lesibini likaMthembu uMthembu echasene noLetsela 1998 2 SA 675 T elaya kwisibheno. Kuba oku sekuyimbali, kweli nqaku siza kujongana kuphela nemeko njengoko injalo namhlanje.
Icandelo 23 lomThetho 38 ka-1927 wokuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu wasindleka ngokuba apho umntu ontsundu athe wafa, enomyolelo ongarhoxiswanga, elo lifa kwakufuneka lilawulwe ngumPhathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo icandelo 239.
Kodwa ke, ukuba umntu ontsuntu wafa, engashiyi myolelo usemthethweni, elo lifa lingenamyolelo kwakufuneka lilawulwe nguMantyi wesithili awayehlala kuso loo mntu untsundu icandelo 237. Umgaqo R200 womhla wesi-6 Febhuwari 1987, owathi wabhengezwa phantsi kwecandelo 2310 lomThetho wokuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu, wathi wasetyenziswa ukuba uncede ekulawulweni kwabantu abaNtsuntu.
Isiphumo setyala likaMoseneke- isigqibo yaba kukuba ilifa lomntu ontsundu elingenamyolelo lingaxelwa kumPhathi ukuze lilawulwe ngokwemiqathango yomthetho ongabhalwanga okanye kwi-Ofisi kaMantyi ukuze lilawulwe nguMantyi ngokwemiqathango yomthetho wesintu. Oku yayiluxanduva lwaloo mntu unika ingxelo ngelifa. Ukuba elo lifa lalilawulwe ngumantyi, kwakuya kusetyenziswa inkqubo engaqulunqwanga ka- R200 ka-1987 njengoko kuthethwe ngayo apha ngasentla. Ukuba elo lifa lalixelwe kumPhathi, kwakusetyenziswa umthetho ongabhalwanga ukulawula elo lifa.
Esi senzo singasentla sasivunyelwa kuphela kangangeminyaka emibini ukusuka ekuthathweni kwesigqibo kwityala likaMoseneke. ISebe lezobuLungisa kwafuneka limisele umthetho ojongene nolawulo lwawo onke amafa kwiRiphabhliki yoMzantsi Afrika. Kodwa ngelishwa zange kubekho mgaqo wenziwayo. Umgaqo okhoyo wexesha localulo wasuka nje wahlengahlengiswa.
Njengoko kukhe kwaboniswa kwisigqibo setyala likaMoseneke, imisindleko yecandelo 23 lomThetho wokukuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu, kwakuvunyelwa ukuba lilandelwe iminyaka emibini kuphela. Eli thuba leminyaka emibini lafikelela esiphelweni ngomhla wesi-5 Disemba 2002. Ukusukela kumhla wesi-6 Disemba, umPhathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo wathi waxhotyiselwa ukusebenza ngawo onke amafa alawulwa ngumthetho ongabhalwanga. Ukuba umntu wayefile libe ixabiso lelifa lingaphantsi kwe- R125 000, 00, elo lifa kwakusetyenzwa ngalo kwiiNdawo zoNcedo kwii-Ofisi zikaMantyi endaweni yomPhathi kukwalandelwa isikhokelo sakhe (la mafa awaphelelanga kumafa abantu abantsundu kuphela).
Onke amafa anemiyolelo engarhoxiswanga anexabiso elingaphezulu kwe- R125 000, 00, kwakufuneka nawo axelwe kumPhathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo ukuze alawulwe.
Ukususela kumhla wesi-6 Disemba 2002 ukuya kutsho kowe-15 Okthobha 2004 uxanduva lokongamela ulawulo lwala mafa alandelayo lwathi lwasuswa kuMantuyi yaye kwakunokusetyenzwa ngawo kuphela ngumPhathi ngokwemiqathango yomthetho wesintu, okt.
Ilifa lomntu ontsundu, othe ngexesha esaphila, wafaka isicelo sokukhululwa phantsi kolawulo lwemithetho yakwaZulu.
Ilifa lomntu ontsundu ongengomhlali woMzantsi Afrika (owelinye ilizwe).
Ilifa lomntu ontsundu othe, ngomhla wokufa kwakhe waba liqabane kumtshato wakwamantyi.
Umntu ofileyo, owayengumhlolokazi, umhlolo okanye eqhawule umtshato (wakwamantyi) ngomhla wokufa kwakhe abe engashiyi mlingane womtshato wesintu ekwangenwa kuwo phambi kokuchithwa kwalo mtshato (wakwamantyi).
Xa umPhathiswa wezobuLungisa enika isikhokelo sokuba ilifa malilawulwe ngokwemiqathango yomthetho ongabhalwanga.
Phambi kokuba umPhathi abe nokulawula eli lifa kuthethwa ngalo apha ngasentla, kwakufuneka kungeniswe ubunqina obubhaliweyo bokuba elo lifa lingena kula akhankanywe apha ngasentla.
La mafa angasentla ayesaqhubeka esabiwa phantsi komthetho wesintu njengoko kusindlekwe phantsi komThetho wokuLawulwa kwabantu abaNtsundu kunye nemigaqo ebhengezwe phantsi kwawo.
Yonke into ekuxoxwe ngayo kumhlathi 1 ukuya kutsho kowesi-3 apha ngasentla ngoku ithe yaguqulwa lityala likaBhe nabaNye bechasene noMantyi, iKhayelitsha nabaNye 2005 SA 580 CC.
Eli tyala kuthethwa ngalo sisicelo sokuqinsekiswa komyalelo wokungabikho mthethweni ngokomgaqo-siseko esifakwe yiNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseKapa. Le Nkundla yafumanisa amacandelo 23 (a), (c) no(e) omThetho wokuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu kunye nomgaqo 2(e) wemiGaqo yokuLawulwa nokwaBiwa kwamaFa abantu abaNtsundu abaFileyo kungahambi ngokomgaqo-siseko yaye kungekho mthethweni. Icandelo 1 (b) lomThetho wamaFa angenamYolelo nalo labhengezwa njengelingahambi ngokomgaqo-siseko njengoko likhupha naliphi na ilifa okanye inxalenye yalo naliphi na ilifa ngokusebenza kwecandelo 1 lalo mThetho, apho icandelo 23 lomThetho wokuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu lisebenzayo.
ULanga DCJ, ebhalela uninzi lweeNkundla, unoluvo lokuba, xa licaciswa ngokwembali yalo, icandelo 23 lomThetho wokuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu lisuntsu lomthetho elingasahambi namaxesha anamhlanje elithi lenze lukhuni umthetho wesintu "osesikweni" laza ladala ukunyhashwa okumandla kwamalungelo abantu abantsundu base-Afrika. Eli candelo ladala uhlelo olunxusileyo lokwabiwa kwelifa kuma-Afrika antsundu, lingahoyanga minqweno nameko zawo. Icandelo 23 kunye nemigaqo yalo zibonakala zinocalulo yaye zisaphula amalungelo okulingana akwicandelo 9 kunye nesidima kwicandelo 10 lomGaqo-siseko wethu, yaye kufuneka likhutshwe ke ngoko. Ifuthe lalo myalelo kukuba akupheleli nje ukuba imithetho ezimeleyo elawula ilifa kweli candelo, ibe yengangqinelaniyo nomGaqo-siseko, kodwa kwanenkqubo ekuthi kuphathwe ngayo amafa abantu abaNtsundu ngokwahlukileyo kumafa abantu abamhlophe nayo ibonakala ingahambisani nomGaqo-siseko.
ULanga DCJ ukwabona umthetho wesintu wama-Afrika omalunga nobuzibulo bomntu oliduna, ngokwendlela othe wasetyenziswa ngayo mayela nokufumana ilifa lempahla. Unoluvo lokuba ucalula ngokungafanelekanga kubafazi kunye nabantwana abazelwe ngokungekho sikweni. Uthi ngoko awubhengeze njengongahambisaniyo nomgaqo-siseko yaye ungekho mthethweni.
Uvakalisa ukuba lo gama bekuya kuthi ngokwesiqhelo kunqweneleke ukuba iinkundla ziphuhlise imigaqo emitsha yomthetho wesintu wama-Afrika ukuba ubonise umthetho wesintu ophilayo nokuze kuhlanganiswe umthetho wesintu nomgaqo-siseko, isisombululo asinakuba kho kulo mcimbi, xa kuqwalaselwa ukuba umthetho wobuzibulo bendoda usisiseko kumthetho wesintu yaye kungenakufakwa omnye endaweni yawo, ngokweemeko zamatyala awohlukeneyo. Kodwa ke, ukwabeka ukuba ulawulo lwethutyana lokulawula ulwabiwo lwamafa abantu abantsundu angenamiyolelo luyadingeka de indlu yowiso-mthetho ikwazi ukuza nesisombululo esizinzileyo. Ngoko, iNkundla iyalela ukuba amafa abeya kuba ngachithiweyo ngaphambili ngokwemigaqo yomThetho wokuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu kunye nomgaqo womthetho wesintu wobuzibula bomntu oyindoda kufuneka ichithwe ngoku ngokwemigaqo efunyanwa kumThetho wokwaBiwa kwamaFa angenamiYolelo. Umsindleko owodwa uyenziwa malunga nemitshato yesithembu.
Umyalelo wale Nkundla mayela nemigaqo yokufumana ilifa iyenziwa ukubuya umva kuye kumhla wama-27 Epreli 1994, kodwa ayiyi kusebenza kwizikhutshelo ezigqityiweyo zobunini, ngaphandle kwalapho indlalifa ingenise isaziso sokufaka umngeni ngokuba semthethweni kwemisindleko yezimiselo kunye nomgaqo womthetho wesintu wobuzibula bomntu oyindoda.
Ngokunxulumene nokulawulwa kwamafa, iNkundla iyalela ukuba kwixa elizayo amafa abantu abafileyo abeya kuthi ngaphambili alawulwe ngumantyi ngokwemigaqo yomThetho wokuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu, kufuneka ngoku alawulwe ngumPhathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo ngokwemigaqo yomThetho 66 ka-1965 wokuLawulwa kwamaFa. Kodwa ke umyalelo wenkundla mayela nokulawulwa kwamafa awenziwanga ukuba uquke nexesha elidlulileyo, ngoko ke amafa alawulwa ngoomantyi ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 23 lomThetho wokuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu ngoku aza kuqhubeka elawulwa ngabo mantyi. Ukususela kumhla wesi sigqibo, amafa amatsha aza kulawulwa ngumPhathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo ngokwemiqathango yomThetho wokuLawulwa kwamaFa.
Icandelo 23 lomThetho 38 ka-1927 liyaguzulwa ukubuya umva kuyo kutsho kumhla wama-27 Epreli 1994.
Oomantyi abasayi kuqhubeka benegunya lokulawula amafa abantu abantsundu angenamiyolelo.
Onke amafa, kungajongwanga buhlanga, bala okanye nkolo, aza kulawulwa ngumPhathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo ngokwemiqathango yomThetho 66 ka-1965 wokuLawulwa kwamaFa.
Umyalelo wenkundla mayela nokulawulwa kwamafa awubuyiselwa kwixesha elidlulileyo, ngoko ke amafa alawulwa ngumantyi ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 23 lomThetho wokuLawulwa kwabaNtu abaNtsundu ngoku aza kuqhubekeka elawulwa ngabo mantyi. Kodwa ke, imigqaqo yesintu yokwabiwa kwelifa elinganamyolelo ayiyikulandelwa yaye umantyi kuya kufuneka ukuba asebenzise imisindleko yomThetho 81 ka-1987 wokwaBiwa kwamafa angenamYolelo.
Nagona imisindleko yecandelo 23 ithe yaguzulwa ukuqala kwixesha elidlulileyo, kodwa ayiyi kusebenza kwizikhutshelo ezigqityiweyo zobunini, ngaphandle kwalapho indlalifa ingenise isaziso sokufaka umngeni ngokuba semthethweni kwemisindleko yezimiselo kunye nomgaqo womthetho wesintu wobuzibula bomntu oyindoda. Ukuba umngeni uya kuphunyezwa njani na yinkundla eya kugqiba kuya kuxhomekeka nakwixesha elizayo.
Kwimitshato yesithembu, umlingane ngamnye uya kuba nelungelo lokufumana i- R125 000 okanye isabelo somntwana.
Onke amafa alawulwe aza agqitywa ngaphambi komhla we-15 Okthobha 2004, asenokubhekisa kumgaqo 4 - ukugunyaziswa kukaMantyi, ngaphandle kokuba semthethweni koko kufakelwa umngeni. Phantsi komsindleko wokuba loo mitshato ibe ibilawulwa nguMantyi ngokwemiqathango yesiBhengezo R200 sika-1987.
Onke amafa apho umnikazi wafa emva komhla we-15 Okthobha 2004, okanye ukuba ilifa lalikwinkqubo yokulawulwa, kodwa lingagqitywanga ngalo mhla, kufuneka lilawulwe ngokwemiqathango yomThetho 81 ka-1987 wokwaBiwa kwamaFa angenamiYolelo. Lo unesizathu sokukhutshelwa kwelifa kufuneka aqwalasele icandelo 1 (a) ukuya ku- (e) lalo mThetho kuthethwa ngawo.
Ukuba abagcini bemiqulu yezivumelwano baza kufumanisa njani na ukuba elo lifa lalisele liqoshelisiwe okanye lalisekwinkqubo yokulawulwa, ngumbuzo ovulekileyo. Kodwa ke, kuyavunywa ukuba abaGcini maxwebhu bafanele ukuxhomekeka kubulungisa bukamantyi kulo mba baze balandele umgaqo 4 - ugunyaziso.
IKhomishoni yomTetho yoMzantsi Afrika kungoku nje ihlola ikwayila umthetho omtsha oza kulawula onke amafa abantu abfileyo, ngaphandle kokwahlula ngokobuhlanga, isini nesithethe.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba lo mthetho usacetywayo nekubhekiswa kuwo apha ngasentla ngumpoposho nje yaye awukaphunyezwa yiPalamente.
Kulo mThetho, ngaphandle kokuba imeko yalatha okunye.
inkokheli yemveli' ithethwa namphi na umntu othi ngokwemiqathango yomthetho wesintu okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho abe nesikhundla kuluhlu lolawulo.
Ngaphandle kokuba kukho nawuphi na umthetho ochasene noku, ilifa lomntu kufuneka esakufa umninilo labiwe ngokomyolelo walo mntu okanye, xa kungekho bungqina busemthethweni, mhlawumbi ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye, ngokomthetho wokwabiwa kwelifa elingenamyolelo omiselwe ngumThetho wokwaBiwa kwamaFa angenaMyolelo, 1987 (umThettho Nomb. 81 ka-1987).
UmThetho wokwaBiwa kwamaFa angenaMyolelo, 1987 umThettho Nomb. 81 ka-1987, usebenza ngeenguqulelo ezidingwa yimeko yelifa elingenamyolelo lomntu othe phambi kokuba usebenze lo mThetho, wangena kumtshato wesintu osemthethweni obusaqhubeka ngexesha lokufa kwalo mntu.
a Ngaphandle kokuba kukho nawuphi na umthetho ochasene noku, nokuxhomekeka kumhlathi (b) apha ngasezantsi, umlingane uthi afumane indlu nezinto zikamfi njengelifa.
c Ukuba umfi ebenezindlu ezingaphezulu kwisinye, umlingane oseleyo unokufumana indlu enye kuphela kuzo njengelifa, phantsi komqathango wokuba lo mlingane abe unelungelo lokukhetha nayiphi na indlu.
Lo mThetho awusebenzi kwimiba emalunga nokusiwa kwelifa kwisikhundla senkokheli yemveli.
b ' ilifa elingenamyolelo' liquka nayiphi na inxalenye yalo naliphi na ilifa elingadluliselwayo ngenxa yomyolelo okanye ngokumayela nokungasebenzi kwecandelo 23 lomThetho wokuLawulwa kabantu abaNtsundu, 1927 umThetho Nomb.
ukuba umntwana kamfi, ngaphandle komntwana oselula okanye umntwana ogula ngengqondo, othe, kunye na[bo]mlingane kamfi osele ngasemva, unelungelo kwinxaxheba yelifa elingenamyolelo uthi alahle ilungelo lakhe lokufumana lo nxaxheba, lo nxaxheba iya kuba yeyomlingane osele ngasemva ongumzali waloo mntwana kuthethwa ngaye.
Icandelo 1 lomThetho wokoNdliwa kwabaLingane abaSele Ngasemva (27 ka-1990), liyahlengahlengiswa ngokongezwa kwala magama alandelayo kwinkcazelo 'yomntu osele ngasemva'- kunye namphi na umntwana okanye omnye umntu ohlobeneyo nomfi obesaya kuxhomekeka kumfi ngenkxaso phambi kokukfa kukamfi
c Nayiphi na imithetho yesintu enyanzelisa indlalifa ukuba yondle abantwana bakamfi nokuhlawula amatyala enziwe ngumfi iyaguzulwa.
Lo mThetho ubizwa ngokuba ngumThetho wokuHlengahlengiswa komThetho wesiNtu wokwaBiwa kweliFa, 2000, yaye uya kuqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla omiselwe nguMongameli ngesibhengezo kwiGazethi.
Xa kujongwa umGaqo-siseko weRiphabhliki yoMzantsi Afrika, owamkela izithethe nezinto ezisetyenziswa ngabo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika, indlu yowiso-mthetho kwafuneka isindleke ngomthetho wokwamkelwa kwemitshato yamaSilamsi esemthethweni, nemisindleko yeziphumo zalo mitshato.
UmQulu uthe waphunyezwa ngenjongo yokwamkelwa kwemitshato yamaSilamsi.
Kweli nqaku akujongwanga ukuxoxa ngalo mQulu ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kujongwe ukugqalisela kuloo macandelo alo mQulu anokusetyenziswa ngabomthetho kunye nekhondo lomthetho.
Kuphela ziinkcazelo ezifanelene nengxoxo yeli nqaku ekuya kubhekiswa kuzo.
INkundla yoQhawulo-miTshato emiselwe phantsi kwecandelo 10 lomThetho 9 ka-1929.
Le nkcazelo ibalulekile kwinjongo yoqhawulo-mitshato, ukuguqulwa kolawulo lwempahla yomtshato kunye nomyalelo wenkundla wesicelo semitshato yesithembu.
Lo ngumtshato wamaSilamsi okwabhaliswe waza wangcwaliswa ngokwemiqathango yomThetho wemitshato ka-1961, phambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mthetho. Ngamanye amazwi, umtshato ekungenwe kuwo ngokwemiqathango yomThetho wamaSilamsi kunye nomThetho ongaBhalwanga.
Khangela isiHlomelo A ukuze ubone itshathi.
Nguye namphi na umntu ochongelwe oko ngumPhathiswa.
Abalingane abangena kumTshato wamaSilamsi emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho kufuneka bakhethe ukubotshelelwa yimisindleko yalo mThetho 21.
Ngokwecandelo 6 (b) lalo mThetho, apho abo batshatileyo bathe bakhetha ukubotshelelwa yimisindleko yalo mThetho, loo mtshato wamaSilamsi kufuneka ubhaliswe emva kokungena kuloo mtshato, okanye kwixesha elidana njengoko kusindlekiweyo.
Kodwa ke, ukusilela ukubhalisa lo mtshato akuchaphazeli ukuba semthethweni kwalo mtshato (khangela icandelo 6 apha ngasezantsi).
Yonke imitshato ekungenwe kuyo phambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, iya kulawulwa yimisindleko yalo mThetho ngaphandle kokuba abo batshatileyo, lingadlulanga ixesha elingangeenyanga ezili-12 okanye ithuba elidana eliseza kumiselwa, bakhethe ukuba umtshato wabo ube phantsi kwemisindleko yalo mThetho icandelo 22.
Apho abo batshatileyo bakhetha ukuba bangabotshelelwa yimisindleko yalo mThetho, umthetho njengoko wawunjalo ngaphambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mthetho uya kuthatha indawo icandelo 23. Oku kuya kuba nefuthe lokuba imitshato enjalo ingamkeleki yaye indima yomthetho ongabhalwanga njengoko kubhekiswe kuwo kwintshayelelo iya kusebenza.
Imisindleko yalo mThetho iya kusebenza kuwo nawuphi na umtshato wamaSilamsi ekungenwe kuwo ngokwemiqathango yomThetho wamaSlamsi waza wangcwaliswa wabhaliswa ngokwemiqathango yomThetho ka- 1961 wemiTshato icandelo 24, ukuba nje abo batshatileyo bakhetha ukuba imisindleko yalo mThetho isetyenziswe kuloo mtshato. Kodwa ke, lo mThetho usenokungachaphazeli iziphumo zelifa lendoda zomtshato osele ukho, yaye ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo amacandelo 5, 6. 7. no-10 alo mThetho awasayi kusebenza kuloo mtshato.
Lo mThetho awusebenzi kwimitshato yakwamantyi okanye imitshato yesintu, elawulwa ngumThetho 120 ka-1998 wokwaMkelwa kwemiTshato yesiNtu.
Kuphela yimitshato yamaSilamsi ekusebenza kuyo lo mThetho naleyo ihambelana nayo yonke imiqathango yalo mThetho, eya kuthathwa njengemitshato esemthethweni icandelo 25.
Abalngane abakumtshato wamaSilamsi banelungelo elipheleleyo lokwenza izivumelwano, ukumangala, njalonjalo.
Akukho mlingane womtshato wamaSilamsi unokungena komnye umtshato phantsi komThetho wemiTshato okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho, ngeli xesha usaqhubekayo umtshato walo icandelo 52. Nawuphi na umtshato ekungenwe kuwo ngolo hlobo uya kuba ngongasebenziyo icandelo 53. Nangelinye icala kusenjalo. Abalingane bomtshato wamaSilamsi, apho kungekho misindleko isebenzayo yalo mThetho, nawo awanakungena kumtshato wamalungelo akwamantyi.
Umtshato onjalo kufuneka ubhaliswe ingaphelanga iminyaka emibini emva kokuqalisa kwalo mThetho ukusebenza okanye ixesha elidana njengoko kunokuvunyelwa icandelo 61a. Nangona eli candelo lingqongqo nje, ukusilela ukubhalisa loo mtshato akuchaphazeli ukuba semthethweni kwaloo mtshato.
Apho abo batshatileyo baye bakhetha ukubotshelelwa ngulo mThetho, umtshato wabo kufuneka ubhaliswe kusakungenwa kuwo okanye kwixesha elidana njengoko kuvunyelwe icandelo 61b. Khangela le ngxoxo ingasentla malunga nokusilela ukubhalisa umtshato.
Ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 6 (d), igosa elitshatisayo kufuneka linike abalingane isiqiniselo sokubhalisa, esiya kuthi sibe bubungqina bobukho balo mtshato wamaSilamsi.
Igosa elitshatisayo lisenokwala ukubhalisa umtshato, kanti inkundla yona, xa kufakwe isicelo, isenokuwubhalisa loo mtshato icandelo 65 nele 66.
Ukusilela ukubhalisa umtshato wamaSilamsi akuchaphazeli ukuba semthethweni kwaloo mtshato icandelo 610.
Umtshato onjalo asinguwo owakwabelana ngento yonke, kungaquki uhlelo lwengeniso, ngaphandle kokuba abo batshatileyo bathi babhalise isivumelwano saphambi kokutshata kugcino lwezivumelwano zingadlulanga iinyanga ezili-12 ukususela kumhla wokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho icandelo 81a.
Umtshato onjalo uya kuba ngowokungabelani ngento yonke, kungaquki uhlelo lwengeniso, ngaphandle kokuba abo batshatileyo bathi babhalise isivumelwano saphambi kokutshata zingadlulanga iinyanga ezintathu ukususeka kumhla wokuqalisa walo mtshato icandelo 81b.
Abalingane abakumtshato wamaSilamsi, apho lo mThetho usebenzayo, bangathi ngokuhlangeneyo bafake isicelo enkundleni ukuze bavunyelwe ukuba baguqule uhlelo lwempahla yomtshato icandelo 83. Akukho mda waxesha ubekelwe oko kuguqula.
Kuvunyelwe isivumelwano esilawula uhlelo lwempahla yalo mtshato kwixesha elizayo icandelo 89.
Ukuba inkundla iyasamkela eso sicelo, isikhutshelo esiqinisekisiweyo seso sivumelwano kufuneka sigcinwe ngumgcini wezivumelwano icandelo 89.
Akukho gosa litshatisayo linokubhalisa umtshato wesithembu ngaphandle kokuba linikwe isikhutshelo somyalelo wenkundla icandelo 810.
Icandel 9 linika umsindleko wokupheliswa komtshato wamaSilamsi yinkundla yomthetho kwimihlaba evunywe ngumthetho wamaSilamsi (khangela isiHlomelo C ukuze ubone inkqubo ekufuneka ilandelwe xa kupheliswa lo mtshato).
Apho umlingane okumtshato wakwamantyi okhoyo efaka uqhawulo-mtshato ngokwemiqathango yomThetho woQhawlo-mitshato, iNkundla ayiyi kuwuchitha lo mtshato wakwamantyi de kube kanti inkundla yanelisekile kukuba lo mtshato wamaSilamsi uthe wachithwa (icandelo 10).
Kuphela yinkundla yomthetho enokuthi yamkele umtshato onjalo apho kukho imbambano phakathi kwabo batshatileyo okanye igosa elitshatisayo.
Amacandelo 13, 14 nele-15 alo mThetho asindleka ngenkqubo ekufuneka ilandelwe apho kukho imbambano mayela nokuchithwa kwemitshato (khangela isiHlomelo D ukuze ufumane umzobo weenkqubo ekufuneka zilandelwe).
Ukunika umsindleko wokwamkelwa kwemitshato yamaSilamsi; ukuchaka imiqathango yomtshato osemthethweni wamaSilamsi; ukulawula ukubhaliswa kwemitshato yamaSilamsi; ukwamkela ubume nokmgangatho wabalingane abakwimitshato yamaSilamsi; ukulawula iziphumo zobunini kwimitshato yamaSilamsi; ukulawula ukupheliswa kwemitshato yamaSilamsi kunye neziphumo zoko; ukusindlekela ukwenziwa kwemigaqo; kunye nokusindlekela imiba enxulumene noko.
x "'I-Iddah"' ithetha ixesha lokulinda eligunyazisiweyo, elisisiphumo sokuchithwa komtshato ngeTalaq, iFaskh okanye ukufa apho inkosikazi iya kuthi ngelo xesha ingatshati kwakhona.
xxii "'iTalaq"' ithetha ukuchithwa komtshato wamaSilamsi, ngoko nangoko okanye kamva, ngumyeni okanye inkosikazi yakhe okanye i-arhente egunyaziswe nguye ukuba yenze njalo, isebenzisa igama elinguTalaq okanye isithethantonye okanye igama elakhiwe kulo naluphi na ulwimi, yaye oko kuquka isibhengezo seTalaq elandela iTafwid al- Talaq; yaye xxiii "'lo mThetho"' uquka imigaqo.
Imisindleko yalo mThetho iya kusebenza kumtshato wamaSilamsi ekungenwe kuwo emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho apho abo batshatileyo bathi ngendlela emiselweyo bakhethe ukubopheleleka kwimisindleko yalomThetho.
Imisindleko yalo mThetho iya kusebenza kumtshato wamaSilamsi ekungenwe kuwo emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho: Phantsi komqathango wokuba abo batshatileyo baya kuba nelungelo lokuba, lingaphelanga ithuba leenyanga ezili-12 okanye ixesha elidana njengoko kunokumiselwa, ukususela kumhla wokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, bathi ngokuhlangeneyo bakhethe ngendlela emiselweyo ukuba bangabopheleleki yimisindleko yalo mThetho, apho kuya kuthi imisindleko yalo mthetho ingasebenzi kuloo mtshato.
Umthetho osebenza kumtshato wamaSilamsi abathe abo batshatileyo bakhetha ukuba bangabotshelelwa yimisindleko yalo mThetho, uya kuba ngumthetho njengoko ubunjalo phambi kokuba lo mThetho uqalise ukusebenza.
b ayisebenzi kumtshato wakwamantyi ongcwaliswe phantsi komThetho wemiTshato emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho; yaye c ayisebenzi kumtshato wesintu obhaliswe phantsi komThetho wokwaMkelwa kwemiTshato yesiNtu, 1998 umThetho 120 ka-1998.
Umtshato wamaSilamsi apho lo mThetho usebenzayo nomalunga nokuba kuye kwathotyelwa yonke imiqathango yalo mThetho, uya kuthi ngazo zonke iinjongo wamkelwe njengomtshato osemthethweni.
Unkosikazi nomyeni kumtshato wamaSilamsi bayalingana ngesidima sobuntu yaye bobabini, ngenxa yokulingana, banewonga, amandla nokukhululeka okupheleleyo ngokwasezimalini, kuquka namandla obunini nokufumana iimpahla nokuzichitha, ukwenza izivumelwano nokumangala.
Nayiphi na imbambano esukela kumtshato wamaSilamsi ekwangenwa kuwo phambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, kuya kusetyenzwa ngayo ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho: Phantsi komqathango wokuba abo batshatileyo banokuthi ngokuvumelana mgala ndlela imiselweyo bakhethe ukuba le mbambano isetyenzwe ngaphandle kwemisindleko yalo mThetho.
a Apho imbambano ivela phakathi komyeni okumtshato wesithembu, kunye nomnye okanye ngaphezulu kubalingane akhe, ibe le mbambano iphethwe yinkundla yolawulo elinesakhono, kungakhathalekile nokuba imbambano inxulumene nomtshato olawulwa yimisindleko yalo mThetho okanye hayi, bonke abalingane atshate nabo lo myeni kufuneka banikwe isaziso saloo mbambano.
b Xa inika umyalelo olandela le misindleko yomhlathi a, inkundla kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo amalungelo abo bonke abo bachaphazelekayo.
d lo uza kuba ngutshakazi nomyeni mababe bafikelele kwiminyaka eli-18 ubudala; kwaye e kufuneka kube kho ukuthotyelwa kwemisindleko yeli candelo kunye namacandelo 6 nele-7.
Akukho mlingane ukumtshato wamaSilamsi, ekusebenza kuwo lo mThetho, unokuthi emva koko angene komnye umtshato phantsi komThetho wemiTshato okanye nawo nawuphi na omnye umthetho ngeli xesha lo mtshato wamaSilamsi usaqhubekayo.
Kwimeko apho umtshato kuthe kwangenwa kuwo ngokwaphula imisindleko yecandelwana 2, lo mtshato ucetywayo uya kuba ngowelize.
ukuba omnye kubalingane uselula, bobabini abazali bakhe, okanye ukuba akanabazali, umondli wakhe, kufuneka anike imvume yokuba atshate.
ukuba ayinakufunyanwa imvume yomzali kanye umondli, njengoko kuveziwe kwicandelwana 4, imisindleko yecandelo 25 yomThetho wemiTshato iya kusebenza.
nangona kukho imiqathango yecandelwana 1d, umPhathiswa okanye namphi na umntu ongumSilamsi okanye iqumrhu lamaSilamsi eligunyazisiwe nguye ngokubhala, linganika imvume ebhaliweyo kumntu ongaphantsi kubudala obufunekayo ukuba angene kumtshato wamaSilamsi, ukuba umPhathiswa okanye loo mntu okanye iqumrhu elo libona ukuba lo mtshato uyadingeka yaye ubalulekile kwabo bafuna ukutshata.
Imvume enikwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 6 ayiyi kukhulula abo bangena kulo mtshato ucetywayo kwisibophelelo sokuthobela nawuphi umqathango omiselwe ngumthetho.
ukuba umntu ongaphantsi kubudala obufunekayo uthe wangena kumtshato wamaSilamsi ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yomPhathiswa okanye umntu okanye iqumrhu eligunyazisiwe nguye, umPhathiswa okanye loo mntu okanye iqumrhu elo lingathi, ukuba libona ukuba lo mtshato uyadingeka yaye ubalulekile kwabo babandakanyekayo, nokuba ukuba lo mtshato uhambisana nalo mThetho ngayo yonke eminye imiba, libheneze lo mtshato ngokubhala ukuba ngazo zonke iinjongo ube ngumtshato wamaSilamso osemthethweni.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwimisindleko yamacandelo 6 nele-7, icandelo 24A lomThetho wemiTshato liyasebenza kumtshato wamaSilamsi womntu oselula ongenwe ngaphandle kwemvume yabazali, umondli, umkhomishona wentlalo-ntle yabantwana okanye ijaji, ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko.
Ukwalelwa komtshato wamaSilamsi phakathi kwabantu ngesizathu sokuhlobana kwabo ngegazi okanye ukuzalana okanye ukondliwa, okanye nasiphi na esinye isizathu, kuqinisekiswa ngumthetho wamaSilamsi.
umntu ngamnye kwaba bachaphazelekayo uthi abonise igosa elitshatisayo incwadi yakhe yesazisi ekhutshwe phantsi kwemisindleko yomThetho wokuzaZisa, 19986 (umThetho Nomb. 71 ka- 1986; okanye b apho kungekho ncwadi yasazisi, lowo uchaphazelekayo uthi abonise igosa elitshatisayo ubungqiba obufungelweyo njengoko kumiselweyo; okanye c omnye wabo batshatayo ubonisa igosa elitshatisayo incwadi yakhe yesazisi ekubhekiswa kuyo kumhlathi (a) aze omnye anike igosa elitshatisayo oba bungqina bufungelweyo kubhekiswa kubo kumhlathi (b).
b liqinisekise ukuba aba balingane bayaziqonda iinkqubo zokubhalisa;.
d linike aba balingane isiqiniselo sokubhalisa, esinezi nkcukacha zimiselweyo; ze e lithi ngoko nangoko lidlulisele amaxwebhu afanelekileyo kummeli wesithili okanye ingingqi oneso sikhundla phantsi kwecandelo 211 lomThetho wokuZazisa, 1986.
Ukuba igosa elitshatisayo alaneliseki kukuba lo mtshato wamaSilamsi kwangenwa kuwo ngabalingane usemthethweni, kufuneka lale ukuwubhalisa loo mtshato.
a ukubhaliswa kwawo nawuphi na umtshato wamaSilamsi; okanye b ukucinywa okanye ukulungiswa kwako nakuphi na ukubhaliswa komtshato wamaSilamsi okwenziwe ligosa elitshatisayo.
Isiqiniselo sokubhaliswa komtshato wamaSilamsi esikhutshwe phatsi kweli candelo okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho osindleka ngokubhaliswa kwemitshato yamaSilamsi siba nobungqina boluvo lokuqala bobukho baloo mtshato wamaSilamsi kunye nobeenkcukacha eziqulethwe kweso siqiniselo.
a namphi na umntu oququzelela ukuba kungenwe kumtshato wamaSilamsi, kungakhathelekile nokuba loo mntu ligosa elitshatisayo, kufuneka azise abo baza kutshata ukuba bangakhetha ukuba babotshelelwe yimisindleko yalo mThetho okanye hayi.
b Ukuba abo baza kungena kumtshato osacetywayo bakhetha ukubotshelelwa yimiqathango yalo mThetho njengoko kuveziwe kwicandelo 2 , lo mntu uququzelela lo mtshato kuthethwa ngawo kumhlathi (a) kufuneka athumele abo batshatayo kwigosa elitshatisayo ngenjongo yokubhaliswa kwaloo mtshato wamaSilamsi uququzelelwayo.
c Loo mntu uququzelela lo mtshato kuthethwa ngawo kumhlathi (a) ukuba uthi asilele ukuthobela imisindleko yomhlathi (b), uya kubekwa ityala aze esakugwentywa kufuneke ukuba ahlawule umdliwo ongadlulanga kwi- R 5 000.
Ukuba abo batshatayo beza kwigosa elitshatisayo ngenjongo yokungena kumtshato wamaSilamsi, libe elo gosa litshatisayo linomrhano obambekayo wokuba omnye wabo unobudala obumxabayo ukuba angene kumtshato wamaSilamsi osemthethweni kube kungekho mvume yomnye umntu, elo gosa litshatisayo lisenokwala ukubhalisa umtshato phakathi kwabo ngaphandle kokuba abe unikwe imvume ebhaliweyo, okanye ubungqina obanelisayo obubonisa uku lo mntu uchaphazelekayo unelungelo lokungena kumtshato ngaphandle kwalo mvume.
a kwimeko apho lo mtshato kungenwe kuwo phambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, nokuba ukuba ngexesha lokungena kulo mtshato isivumelwano esibhaliweyo esilawula iziphumo zobunini kulo mtshato besikho phakathi kwabalingane, kungadlulanga iinyanga ezili-12 ukusukela kumhla wokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mTheth; nokuba b kwimeko apho lo mtshato kungenwe kuwo emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho, kungadlulanga iinyanga ezintathu ukusukela kumhla wokwenziwa kwesivumelwano okanye lingadlulanga ithuba elongeziweyo njengoko inkundla inokuvuma xa kufakwe isicelo.
Naphandle kokuba kukho nawuphi na umsindleko ochasene noko oqulelthwe kuwo nawuphi na omnye umthetho, isivumelwano sangaphambi komtshato ekubhekiswa kuso kumhlathi akudingeki ukuba singqinelwe ngumntu onamagunya.
b isibhengezo esibhaliweyo nesanelisayo sale nguqulelo icetywayo siye sanikwa kubo bonke abatyalwa ngaba balingane iimali ezingadlulileyo kuma- R500 okanye eso sambuku sinokumiselwa ngumPhathiswa wezobuLungisa ngesibhengezo kwiGazethi; nokuba c akukho mntu ungomnye uya kuphatheka kakubi yile nguqulelo icetywayo, inike umyalelo wokuba uhlelo lweimpahla yomtshato lalo mtshato okanye imitshato alusayi kuba sasebenza ize igunyazise abo bakulo mtshato okanye imitshato ukuba bangene kwisivumelwano esibhaliweyo eliya kuthi ikamva lohlelo lwempahla yomtshato okanye imitshato yabo lulawulwe ngokwemiqathango emiselwe yinkundla.
Kwimeko apho umyeni ongumlingane kwimitshato yamaSilamsi engaphezulu kwisinye, bonke abantu abanomdla owanelisayo kulo mcimbi, yaye ngokukodwa umlingane okanye abalingane abaphilayo balo myeni, kufuneka bafakwe kwiinkqubo.
Apho umyeni engumlingane kumtshato okhoyo wakwamantyi, kunye nakumtshato wamaSilamsi, bonke abalingane bakhe abaphilayo kufuneka bafakwe kwezo nkqubo.
Umyeni okumtshato wamaSilamsi, apho usebenza khona lo mThetho, onqwenela ukungena komnye umtshato wamaSilamsi nomnye umfazi emva kokuqalisa kwalo mThetho ukusebenza kufuneka afake isicelo enkundleni ukuze kuphunyezwe eso sicelo ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana , nokuze kuphunyezwe isivumelwano esibhaliweyo esiya kulawula uhlelo lwempahla yemitshato yakhe kwixesha elizayo.
c inike loo myalelo ngokunxulumene nelifa eliza kuba kho labo balingane bachaphazelekayo njengoko kuvunyelwene, okanye, xa kusilela nasiphi na isivumelwano, loo mtshato uya kuthathwa njengongengowakwabelana ngento yonke, ngaphandle kokuba inkundla, ngenxa yezizathu ezinyanzelisayo, igqibe ngenye indlela.
Ngokungakumbi abalingane abaphilayo balowo ufaka isicelo kunye nabo basenokuba ngabalingane bakhe, kufuneka bafakwe kwiinkqubo ezimiselwe ngokwemqathango yecandelwana.
Ukuba inkundla iyasamkela isicelo ekubhekiswa kuso kwicandelwana okanye , umbhalisi okanye unobhala wenkundla, nokuba ngomphi na kubo, kufuneka anike umlingane ngamnye umyalelo wenkundla kuquka nesikhutshelo esiqinisekisiweyo seso sivumelwano yaye kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba loo myalelo nesikhutshelo esiqinisekisiweyo seso sivumelwano sithunyelwa kumgcini wezivumelwano ngamnye wommandla apho le nkundla ikhonyo ukuze sibhaliswe.
Akukho gosa litshatisayo liya kubhalisa umtshato wesibini okanye olandelayo wamaSilamsi, ngaphandle kokuba umyeni uthi anike igosa elitshatisayo umyalelo wenkundla onika isiphumezo sesicelo ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana.
Umyeni ongena komnye umtshato wamaSilamsi, ngeli xesha sele etshatile, ngaphandle kwemvume yenkundla, ngokwaphula icandelwana uya kubekwa ityala aze, esakugwetywa, kufuneke ukuba ahlawule umdliwo ongadlulanga kuma- R20 000.
Namphi na umntu othi ngabom athintele omnye ekusebenziseni naliphi na ilungelo elinikwe phantsi kwalo mThetho, uya kubekwa ityala aze, esakugwetywa, kufuneke ukuba ahlawule umdliwo okanye avalelwe ithuba elingadlulanga kunyaka.
Imisindleko yecandelo 2 lomThetho woQhawulo-mitshato iya kusebenza, neenguqulelo ezidingwa yimeko, malunga nommandla wolawulo lwenkundla ngenjongo yalo mThetho.
Ngokungaphandle kwemisindleko yecandelo 3a lomThetho woQhawulo-mitshato okanye nantoni echasene noko equlelwe kuwo nawuphi na umthetho okanye umthetho ongabhalwanga, umtshato wamaSilamsi usengapheliswa yinkundla phatsi kwawo nawuphi na umhlaba ovunyelwa ngumthetho wamaSilamsi. Imisindleko yeli candelo iya kuthi kwakhona isebenze, ngeenguqulelo ezidingwa yimeko, kumtshato okhoyo wasenkundleni njengoko abo batshatileyo bathe ngendlela emiselweyo bakhetha ukwenza ukuba imisindleko yalo mThetho isebenze kwiziphumo zomtshato wabo.
a Umyeni uya kunyanzeleka ukuba enze iTalaq engenakurhoxiswa ukuba ibhaliswe ngoko nangoko, kodwa nakweyiphi na imeko, kungadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokubhengezwa kwayo, kwigosa elitshatisayo elikwisithili sikamantyi esikufutshane apho ahlala khona unkosikazi wakhe, ekho lo nkosikazi okanye ummeli wakhe ogunyazisiweyo kunye namangqina amabini aphilileyo.
b Ukuba unkosikazi okanye lo mmeli wakhe ugunyazisiweyo akanakuba kho nangasphi na isizathu, igosa elitshatisayo liya kuyibhalisa iTalaq engenakurhoxiswa kuphela xa umyeni esanelisa igosa elitshatisayo ukuba isaziso, esikwifom emiselweyo, sathunyelwe kuye ngomthunywa okanye inkonzo ekusetyenziswe yona.
d Namphi na umyeni othi esazi aze ngabom asilele ukubhalisa iTalaq engenakurhoxiswa ngokuhambelana neli candelwana uya kubekwa ityala aze, esakugwetywa, kufuneke ukuba ahlawule umdliwo ongadlulanga kwi- R5 000.
Talaq ingenakurhoxiswa, ngokomThetho wamaSilamsi, igosa elitshatisayo aliyi kuyibhalisa, de le mpikiswano ibe isonjululwe, ngokuthi kulanyulwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 14 okanye yinkundla okanye kulandelwe isisombululo esibhaliweyo phakathi kwabalingane.
ukususela kumhla wolu bhaliso lweTalaq engenakurhoxiswa, afake iinkqubo zomthetho kwinkundla esebenzayo ukuze kukhutshwe ummiselo oqinisekisa ukupheliswa kwalo mtshato ngendlela yeTalaq. Intshukumo emiselwe ngolo hlobo iya kuxhomekeka kwiinkqubo ezimiselwa amaxesha ngamaxesha yimigaqo esebenzayo yenkundla. Isikhutshelo sobhaliso oluqiniselweyo lweTalaq engenakurhoxiswa siya kuhlonyelwa kwiisamani eziqalisa loo ntshukumo.
ukufaka isicelo sokuba negalelo kwiindleko zalo ntshukumo okanye ukuqalisa loo ntshukumo, okanye ukwenza eso sicelo, ngokumela inkululo yomthetho, okanye isibhengezo esisemthethweni somnye ochaphazelekayo kule ntshukumo okanye eso sicelo; okanye iii isicelo sesondlo ngeli xesha le 'Iddah'.
g ITalaq engenakurhoxiswa eqalisa ngalo ndlela phambi kokuqalisa ukusebenza kwalo mThetho akuyi kudingeka ukuba ibhaliswe ngokwemiqathango yemisindleko yalo mThetho.
Inkundla kufuneka ikhuphe ummiselo woqhawulo-mtshato olufana neFaskh phantsi kwawo nawuphi na umhlaba owamkelwe njengosemthethweni ukuze kuchithwe umtshato phantsi komthetho wamaSilamsi, kuquka imihlaba ekhankanywe kwinkcazelo yeFaskhi kwicandelo 1. Unkosikazi uya kumisela intshukumo elungiselela lo mmiselo woqhawulo-mtshato ngokwendlela yeFaskhi kwinkundla esebenzayo, yaye inkqubo esebenzayo apho iya kuba yinkqubo emiselwa amaxesha ngamaxesha yimigaqo yenkundla, kuquka nesicelo esijingayo sexeshana, ekubhekiswe kuso kwicandelwana (f). Ukuvunywa kweFaskhi yinkundla, kuquka neFaskhi evunywe ngenxa yesicelo somyeni, kuya kuba nefuthe lokuphelisa loo mtshato.
Abalingane abenze iKhula' baya kuthi ngokwabo nangokuhlangeneyo bazo kuma phambi kwegosa elitshatisayo baze benze ukuba kubhaliswe oko phambi kwamangqina amabini aphilileyo. Igosa elitshatisayo liya kuyibhalisa le Khula' njengeTalaq engenakurhoxiswa, apho kuya kuthi kusebenze imisindleko yecandelwana (f), neenguqulelo ezinokuthi zidingeke ngenxa yemeko.
UmThetho wokuLamla kwimiBa eThile yoQhawulo-mitshato, 1987umThetho 24 ka-1987 kunye namacandelo 61 no-2 omThetho woQhawulo-mitshato onxulumene nokukhusela intlalo-ntle yakhe namphi na umntwana walo mtshato oselula okanye osaxhomekekileyo, uya kusebenza ekuchithweni komtshato wamaSilamsi ophantsi kwalo mThetho.
i othile kubo ethe wanceda, okanye ngandlela ithile wanika inkonzo, ekusebenzeni okanye ukuziphatha kweshishini okanye amashishini osapho ngexesha lokuqhubeka kwaloo mtshato; okanye ii abo baku lo mtshato bathe banegalelo, ngexesha lokuqhubeka komtshato, ekugcinekeni okanye ukukhula kwelifa lomnye, okanye namphi na kubo, kangangokuba akukwazeki okanye akwenzeki ukubala ngokuchanekileyo igalelo lomntu ngamnye ngokwahlukeneyo.
c kufuneka, kwimeko apho umyeni ongumlingane kwimitshato yamaSilamsi engaphezulu kwisinye, ithathele ingqalelo zonke iimeko ezibalulekileyo kuquka nokulandelelana kwale mitshato, nasiphi na isivumelwano, okanye umyalelo ngokwemiqathango ycandelo 8 nele-.
Talaq kwiimeko ezicacileyo ezivunyelwa ngumthetho wamaSilamsi.
Xa kupheliswa umtshato ngenxa yokufa, lo mlingane useleyo uya kuba nelungelo lokufaka ibango lelifa lalowo uswelekileyo malunga nekhazi elingazange likhutshwe, okanye kungenjalo malunga nalo naliphi na igalelo eliphathekayo elamkelwa ngumthetho wamaSilamsi.
Ngeenjongo zalo mThetho, iminyaka yobudala bakhe namphi na umntu imiselwa ngokwemiqathango yomThetho wemiNyaka yobuDala, 1972 (umThetho 57 ka- 1972).
Ekukhupheni umyalelo wokugcinwa okanye ukufikelela kumntwana oselula, okanye ekwenzeni isigqibo ngokukhuliswa kwakhe, inkundla iya kuthi, iqwalasela umthetho wamaSilamsi kunye nengxelo nezindululo zomMeli woSapho, iqwalasele intlalo-ntle nemidla yomntwana.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwicadelwana 1, lo mzali ungenguye ogcina umntwana uya kuxhamla ukufikelela okubonakalayo emntwaneni.
Xa bengekho bobabini abazali, okanye, ngokusilela kwabo nangasiphi na isizathu, kodwa ngokuxhomekeka kwicandelwana 1, inkundla iya kuthi, ithathela ingqalelo umthetho wamaSilamsi, ekunikeni ilungelo lokugcina umntwana al-hadanah okanye ukondliwa al-walayah komntwana oselula, inike ilungelo lokugcina okanye ukondla lo mntwana kulo mntu inkundla ibona efanelekile, kuzo zonke iimeko.
Umyalelo omalunga nokugcinwa, ukondliwa okanye ukufikelelwa komntwana, onikwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho, unokuthi ngalo naliphi na ixesha urhoxiswe okanye wahlukaniswe, okanye, kwimeko yokufikelela kumntwana, unqunyanyiswe yinkundla ukuba inkundla ifumanisa ukuba kukho isizathu esaneleyo sokwenza oko: Phantsi komqathango wokuba kumiselwe uphando ngumThetheleli weeNtsapho malunga nentlalo-ntle yabantwana abaselula, phambi kokukhutshwa komyalelo ofanelekileyo wolahlulahlulo, ukurhoxiswa okanye ukunqumamisa, nokuba yeyiphi na kuzo.
iya kusebenza, kunye neenguqulelo ezidingekayo ngenxa yemeko, malunga noxanduva lwakhe nabani na lokondla namphi na umntu. Naphandle kokuthoba imisindleko yalo mThetho, imisindleko yamacandelwana 2 nele- 40 iya kusebenza.
apho unkosikazi enelungelo lokugcina umntwana ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 11, umyeni unyanzelekile ukuba ahlawule unkosikazi, kuquka nokusindleka ngendawo yokuhlala eyahlukileyo ukuba unkosikazi akanandawo yokuhlala iyeyakhe, ngeli xesha lelo lungelo lokugcina umntwana kuphela.
uxanduva lomyeni lokondla umntwana ozelwe kumtshato onjalo luquka ukusindleka ngokutya, impahla yokunxiba, indawo yokuhlala eyahlukileyo, unyango nemfundo.
Nasiphi na isixa sesondlo esithe samiselwa siya kuba seso sixa inkundla esithatha njengokuba sifanelekile yaye sinobulungisa kuzo zonke iimeko zelo tyala.
umyalelo wesondlo okhutshwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho usenokuthi nangaliphi na ixesha urhoxiswe okanye wahlukaniswe okanye unqunyanyiswe yinkundla ukuba loo nkundla ifumanisa ukuba kukho isizathu esaneleyo sokwenza oko.
Isondlo esiseleyo esingahlawulwanga kwixesha elidlulileyo ekufuneka sihlawulwe kunkosikazi asiyi kuba nakho ukucinywa ngesimiselo, ngaphandle kwemisindleko yomThetho weziMiselo, 1969 (umThetho 68 ka-1969) okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho.
Kwimeko apho kukho imbambano evelayo ngexesha lokuqhubeka komtshato wamaSilamsi okanye ngenye indlela evela kuloo mtshato, nabani na okuloo mtshato uya kuthumela loo mbambano, nangaliphi na ixesha, nokuba kuphambi okanye emva kokumiselwa kweenkqubo zomthetho ekuthethwe ngazo kwicandelo 9 (f) kodwa phambi kokumanyelwa kwazo yinkundla, kwiBhunga loLamlo, elinemvume njengoko kumiselweyo.
IBhunga loLamlo liya kuzama ukuyisombulula le mbambano ngokulamla zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-30 ukususela kumhla engeniswe ngawo. Abo batshatileyo, ngamnye, basenokumelwa ngummeli abamkhethe ngokwabo kolu lamlo.
IBhunga loLamlo, xa lithe layisombulula le mbambano, liya kungenisa isivumelwano solamlo kwinkundla zingadlulanga iintsuku ezisixhenxe ukususela kwisisombululo yaye loo nkundla iya kuthi, ukuba yanelisekile kukuba imidla yakhe namphi na umntwana oselula ikhuselwe ngokufanelekileyo, iqinisekise eso sivumelwano solamlo.
Ukuba eli Bunga loLamlo lithe laqnisekisa ukuba imbambano ihleli ingalanyulwanga okanye ukuba imbambano ihlala ingasonjululwanga emva kokuphela kweentsuku ezingama-30 ukususela kumhla wokungeniswa kwayo, loo mbambano inokumanyelwa yinkundla ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 15.
Ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi na into echaseneyo noku equlethwe kumThetho woLamlo, 1965 (umThetho 42 ka-1965), okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho, abantu abakumtshato wamaSilamsi bangavumelana ukuba bathumele imbambano evela ngexesha lokuqhubeka kwaloo mtshato, okanye ngenye indlela evela kuloo mtshato, kumlamli, ukuze isonjululwe ngokulamla.
ngokuxhomekeka kwicandelwana 4, imisindleko yomThetho wokuLamlo, 1965, iya kusebenza kulamlo olwenziwa ngokwemiqathango yeli candelo.
a isivumelwano sabo bakumtshato wamaSilamsi ukuba le imbambano isonjululwe ngolamlo sisivumelwano abasenze benolwazi; nokuba b nabaphi na abanye abantu abanokuba nomdla kwisiphumo solu lamlo bathi baziswe ngolu lamlo.
Akukho sinikezelo sakulamla esichaphazela intlalo-ntle yabantwana abaselula okanye isimo sakhe namphi na umntu siya kusebenza ngaphandle kokuba siqinisekiswe yiNkundla ePhakamileyo xa kuthe kwafakwa isicelo kuloo nkundla kunye nokuthunyelwa kwesaziso kubo bonke abantu abanomdla kwisiphumo solo lamlo.
d isahlule eso sinikezelo ngemiqathango efanelekileyo; okanye e iwudambise lo mba womLamli ngezikhokelo ezifanelekileyo.
Akukho nto ekwicandelwana 5 iya kucaciswa njengenika umda kulawulo lwenkundla phantsi kwawo nawuphi na umthetho ukuze kuhlolwe isinikezelo solamlo njengoko sinxulumene nembambano emalnga nempahla engachaphazeli amalungelo okanye imidla yabantwana abaselula.
Abahloli abatyunjwe ngokwemigaqo yeli candelo baya kusebenza njengabacebisi. Kwimeko apho ijaji echophela imicimbi ingalandeli icebiso lomhloli, loo mhloili uya kuthi anike izimvo zakhe ngokubhala, zimvo ezo ziya kuthi zifakwe kumGcini wamaxwebhu weNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno njengenxalenye yokugcinwayo ukuze kuthathelwe ingqalelo yinkundla.
Nasiphi na isigqibo senkundla sinokufakelwa isibheno kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno ngokwemiqathango yemiGaqo esebenzayo yeNkundla, ngaphandle kokuba lowo ufaka isibheno akayi kunyanzeleka ukuba akhuphe isibambiso seendleko zeso sibheno.
Xa kuthe kwafakwa isibheno kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, eso sogqibo siya kungeniswa kumaziko amabini amaSilamsi, avunyiweyo njengoko kumiselwe, ukuze anike izimvo ngezinto ezimayela nomthetho eziya kungeniswa kumGcini maXwebhu weNkundla ePhakamileyo lingadlulanga ithuba leentsuku ezintandathu ukususela kumhla wokuhanjiswa kwesaziso sesibheno.
INkundla ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, xa iqwalasela isibheno ekuthethwe ngaso kwicandelwana , iya kuthathela ingqalelo uluvo olubhaliweyo ekuthethwe ngalo kwelo candelo.
UmPhathiswa wezobuLungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko, ebinisana neQumrhu loNcedo lomThetho elimiselwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 2 lomThetho woNcedo lomThetho, 1969 (umThetho 22 ka-1969), uya kuthi enze umsindleko ofanelekileyo wokunikezela ngoncedo lomthetho kubantu abangamahlwempu.
Kwimeko apho umlingane okumtshato wakwamantyi efaka intshukumo yoqhawulo-mtshato ngokwemiqathango yomThetho woQhawulo-mitshato emva kokuqalisa kwalo mThetho ukusebenza, inkundla ayiyi kuwuchitha lo mtshato wakwamantyi ngemvume yommiselo woqhawulo-mitshato ide inkundla ibe yanelisekile kukuba umtshato wamaSilamsi ohamba nalo uchithiwe.
Kwimeko apho umyeni alayo, ngaso nasiphi na isizathu, ukubhengeza iTlaq engenakurhoxiswa, unkosikazi okumtshato wamaSilamsi ohambelana nalo mtshato uya kuba nelungelo lokufaka isicelo sommiselo weFaskhi ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho ngaloo njongo kuphela, apho imisindleko yalo mThetho iya kuthi isebenze, neenguqulelo ezidingekayo ngenxa yemeko.
Lo mcimbi usenokuthi, kwiimeko ekuthethwe ngazo kwicandelwana , ubuyiselwe enkundleni ukuze imisele iziphumo zobunini okanye okunye kuloo mtshato ngokwemiqathango yomThetho woQhawulo-mitshato nomthetho wemitshato onxulumene noko.
Ukuba ngaphezu kwalo mtshato wakwamantyi ukhoyo, umyeni ungene komnye umtshato okanye imitshato yamaSilamsi ebhaliswe phantsi kwalo mThetho, umlingane okanye abalingane abaphilayo balo myeni kufuneka babandakanywe kwinkqubo yoqhawulo-mtshato ekuthethwe ngayo kwicandelwana.
Imisindleko yecandelwana 1 iya kusebenza, neenguqulelo ezidingekayo ngenxa yemeko, kubalingane abakumtshato wakwamantyi okhoyo abathe bakhetha ukwamkela imisindleko yalo mThetho njengoko kuthethwa ngayo kwicandelo 2.
Kwimeko yeenkqubo ezimiselwe phantsi kwalo mThetho ngenjongo yokuqinisekiswa okanye ukukhutshwa kommiselo wokuchithwa komtshato wamaSilamsi okanye okunye ukukhululwa, zibe ezo nkqubo zingachaswa, okanye kwimeko apho abo babandakanyekayo bathe bafikelela kwisivumelwano sesisombululo, lo mcimbi uya kumanyelwa yijaji yomSilamsi eya kuhlala ngaphandle kwabahloli.
Ummiselo wokuchithwa komtshato wamaSilamsi awuyi kukhutshwa okanye uqinisekiswe phantsi kwalo mThetho ngaphandle kokuba ijaji echophele lo mcimbi yanelisekile kukuba ukulungelwa kwakhe namphi na umntwana oselula ozelwe kuloo mtshato kuthe kwathathelwa inqalelo.
viii nawuphi na omnye umcimbi odingekayo okanye okhawulezileyo ukuze kusindlekwe ngobhaliso oluchanekileyo lwemitshato yamaSilamsi okanye ulawulo oluhamba kakuhle lwalo mThetho; kunye b nokumisela imirhumo ehlawulwa malunga nokubhaliswa komtshato wamaSilamsi nokukhutshwa kwaso nasiphi na isiqiniselo malunga noko.
elinokukhokelela ekuchithweni kwemali nguRhulumente kufuneka wenziwe ngokubonisana nomPhathiswa wezeziMali.
ungasindleka ukuba namphi na umntu owaphula umsindleko walo okanye asilele ukuhambisana nawo uya kubekwa ityala aze akuba esakugwetywa kufuneke ukuba ahlawule umdliwo okanye avalelwe ixesha elinadlulanga kunyaka omnye.
Inkundla ayiyi kubopheleleka ukuba ikhuphe umyalelo weendleko ngokuhambisana naloo mntu uphumeleleyo kwintshukumo yoqhawulo-mtshato, kodwa inkundla ingathi, ngokuthathela ingqalelo oko banako abo bachaphazelekayo kwanokuziphatha kwabo, ikhuphe loo myalelo iwubona unobulungisa, yaye inkundla isenokukhupha umyalelo wokuba iindleko zeenkqubo zahlulwe phakathi kwabo bachaphazelekayo.
Kwimeko apho kukho imbambano enxulumene nokuba umtshato wamaSilamsi ongenwe kwelinye ilizwe uyamkelwa njengomtshato osemthethweni phantsi kwalo mThetho na okanye hayi, loo mbambano iya kugqitywa yinkundla ethi ithathele ingqalelo zonke iimeko ezifanelekileyo, kuquka nemiqathango yokungqubana kwemithetho.
Le miThetho ichakwe kolu Hlelo iyahlengahlengiswa kangangokuba kubekiwe kuluhlu lwesithathu lolu Hlelo.
Lo mThetho ubizwa ngokuba ngumThetho wemitshato yamaSilamsi, 20.., yaye uqalisa ukusebenza ngohla omiselwe nguMongameli ngesibhengezo kwiGazethi.
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Ukusukela kukhetho luka-1994, Amaxhwele ebesebenzisana norhulumente ngenjongo yokuba umsebenzi wabo uqondwe ngokusesikweni.
Iingxoxo zoluntu zabanjwa kuwo onke amaphondo phantsi kweeKomiti eziSebenza ngeMpilo ngo-1997. Ikomiti yeeNkonzo zeNtlalo ye-NCOP yalungelelanisa ulwazi olufunyenweyo kwaye yaqulunqa ingxelo ngeziphumo zamaphondo. IKomiti yeSebe loLawulo kwiMpilo yaqhuba nezinye iingxoxo ezingaphaya zabathelelani besizwe ngoFebuwari 1998.
Ingxelo yokugqibela eyafunyanwa ngoDisemba 1998 yenza izindululo zokuba amaxhwele mawaqondwe ngokusemthethweni ukuba angumthombo wempilo kunye nokuba ibhunga lexeshana malimiselwe imfanelo yalo eyakuba kukulawula loo msebenzi. Ibhunga lexeshana kufuneka linike ingxelo epalamente kwiminyaka emithathu kuze emva koko ke kumiselwe iBhunga elisisigxina ukuba ngaba imiqathango ethile kuhlangatyezwene nayo.
Ngenxa yamalungiselelo onyulo jikelele ngoJuni ka-1999 kwabonakala kungenakwenzeka ukuba uMphathiswa ajonge umthetho ocetyiweyo. Isingeniso solawulo esiphathelene nenkqubela eyenziweyo sagqitywa ngomhla we-16 Septemba 1999. Ingxelo yeentlanganiso ezimbini kunye nendibano yokubonisana eyabanjwa nabathelelani bamaxhwele yaye yathiwa thaca etafileni. Ukusukela ngo-1999, iintlanganiso ezahlukeneyo kunye neendibano zokubonisana phakathi kwabathelelani kunye nesebe ziye zakhona kwaye ngoSeptemba ka-2000, i-MINMEC yeMpilo yanika iSebe lezeMpilo igunya lokuphumeza isindululo seKomiti yeSebe loLawulo sokuseka iBhunga leXeshana lamaXhwele. Ngo-2001/2002 iSebe laqala ngothotho lwemiboniso eyenziwa kwiindawo ngeendawo isenzelwa amaxhwele kumaphondo ukwenzela ukubandakanya amaxhwele kwiingxoxo kunye nokuwaqhelanisa noluvo lokuba umsebenzi wabo ibe ngumsebenzi olawulwayo.
Iqumrhu labaSebenzi ngeMpilo abangamaXhwele laye lasekwa nalo lisebe ngeli xesha kwaye liye ladibana amaxesha amaninzi ukuxoxa ngezindululo zowiso-mthetho kunye nemiba ejikeleze ulawulo lwabaSebenzi ngeMpilo abangamaXhwele. Intlanganiso yokugqibela yequmrhu yaba ngoDisemba ka-2002.
p ukudlulisela kuMphathsiwa ulwazi ngokubaluleka koluntu olufunwa libhunga kwithuba lokwenza kwalo imisebenzi yalo phantsi kwalo mThetho.
UmThetho oYilwayo unokurheshiweyo kumgaqo-siseko kuba ufuna ukulawula umsebenzi obungalawulwa ngaphambili. ICandelo lama-22 loMgaqo-siseko limisela ukuba: "Ummi ngamnye unelungelo lokuzikhethela urhwebo, umsebenzi, okanye umsebenzi wobugcisa ngokukhululekileyo. Umsebenzi worhwebo, umsebenzi okanye umsebenzi wobuchule unokulawulwa ngumthetho." ISebe lezeMpilo ngeYunithi yalo yomThetho lanelisekile ukuba umThetho oYilwayo awuchasananga nemimiselo yoMgaqo-siseko.
Iindleko zokuqala zeBhunga kuyakufuneka zihlawulelwe nguRhulumente. Ngokuhamba kwexesha iBhunga kufuneka lifikelele kwizinga lokuba lizimele ngokwezemali xa abasebenzi ngempilo abangamaxhwele behlawula ngobuninzi imali yabo yobhaliso. Iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo ngoku ziqulethwe kumThetho oYilwayo ocetywayo.
ISebe lezeMpilo kunye nabaCebisi ngezomThetho bakaRhulumente banoluvo lokuba umThetho oYilwayo makusetyenzwe ngawo ngokungqinelana necandelo lama-76 loMgaqo-siseko, kuba uwela kwindawo yokusebenza edweliswe kwiShedyuli yesi-4 yoMgaqo-siseko, ekuthiwa ziinkonzo zempilo.
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Le mvume ayidluliselwa komnye umntu kwaye kufanele ukuba ivezwe ukuba ifunwa lilo naliphina igosa lezamahlathi, igosa lezamahlathi elinikwe isikhundla nje ngegama, igosa lamapolisa okanye elinye igosa eligunyazisiweyo.
Inokubakhona intlawulo eyenzelwa imisebenzi ethile okanye eyokungena jikelele, apho ke irisithi eyahlukileyo iya kukhutshwa.
Wonke umntu ofumana indlela yokufikelela kumhlaba wamaHlathi kaRhulumente kufuneka ukuba aziphathe ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nenentlonelo kwaye abacingele abanye abasebenzisi bomhlaba.
Ukungena kunyiniwe phakathi kwentsimbi yesi-06:00 kunye neye-18:00 ku (kwi) mhla wokuba semthethweni, ngaphandle kwakwisehlo sohambo olude lwasebusuku.
Izenzo ezinxulumene nolonwabo, imfundo, inkcubeko okanye ukwaneliseka ngokwasemoyeni zinokwenzeka kuphela kwiindawo ezalathiweyo (kwiimaphu, kwiinkcazo zeendawo kunye/okanye kwiziphawuli zemizila kunye nezinye iimpawu). Iibhodi zezaziso kunye neempawu zemiqondiso kumaHlathi kaRhulumente mazithotyelwe.
Ukungena kumhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente kunokwaliwa ngaphandle kokunika izizathu kwaye ukubhukisha kusenokurhoxiswa liSebe. Umhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente okanye iziqephu zawo unokuvalwa ukuba kungafikeleli uwonke-wonke kwaye ukubaswa kwemililo kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo kunokuthintelwa ngamathuba abaluliweyo.
Akukho ngxolo okanye ezinye iziphazamisi ezinokuphazamisa abanye abasebenzisi bomhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente okanye ezinye izinto zasendle, zivumelekileyo.
Ukulayitwa kwemililo kuyalelwa, ngaphandle kwakwiindawo ezenzelwe ngokukhethekileyo le njongo. Imililo mayingashiywa ingajongwanga, kwaye mayicinywe emva kokusetyenziswa.
Akukho nkunkuma, ukungcola okanye iziqulatho ezingenanto eziya kushiywa, zilahlwe phantsi okanye zibekwe kumhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente ngaphandle kwakwiziqulatho zokungcola ezibekelwe ngokukhethekileyo loo njongo.
Akukho mntu makonakalise, asuse okanye aphazamisane naso nasiphi na isilumkiso sengozi, umda, ucingo, ibhodi yesaziso okanye esinye isakhiwo kumhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente ngaphandle kwemvume.
Akukho mntu makaphazamisane nemisebenzi yolawulo kumhlaba weHalthi likaRhulumente, kwaye akukho kungena kungavunywanga okuvumelekileyo kuwo nawuphi na ummandla apho abasebenzi okanye izixhobo zisemsebenzini.
Akukho mntu makonakalise, asuse okanye enze uphawu okanye asayine elityeni, kumngundo, emthini okanye kuzo naziphina izityalo ezikumhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente.
Nawuphi na umntu ozingela okanye oloba ngaphandle kwemvume, okanye elinye igunya elisemthethweni, obulala okanye oqokelela nasiphi na isilwanyana, intaka, isinambuzane, intlanzi okanye into ephilayo unetyala lokwaphula umthetho.
Ukutyisa izilwanyana zasendle kuyathintelwa.
Imipu, amazembe, iizaphetha kunye nezinye izixhobo ekunokuzingelwa ngazo kumhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente azivunyelwa, ngaphandle kokuba kuvunyelwene ngemvume yokuzingela.
Izinja okanye ezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nezilwanyana azivunyelwa kumhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente, ngaphandle kwamahashe, ukuba avunyelwe ukuba kusetyenziswe itreyile zamahashe.
Ukudada kunye nokuloba kuvunywe kuphela kwezo ndawo zimiselwe loo njongo.
Ukumisa iintente, ukuba kuyavunyelwa, kunyinelwe kuphela loo mimandla ikhethiweyo yokumisa iintente, kwaye kuphela ngokuhlawulwa kwemali ekufanele ihlawulwe.
Ukundulula okungagunyaziswanga, ukubhabha okanye ukuhlala kweenqwelomoya, ophephela, ii- hang gliders, inqwelomoya ezincinane, iibhaloni kunye nezambreli zokuhla zithintelwe kumhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente.
Ukusebenzisa okanye ukuba nazo izitakantlantsi okanye nasiphi na esinye isiqhushumbisi kumhlaba weHlathi likaRhulumente kuyathintelwa.
Akukho mfanelo iya iyakunamathela kuRhulumente ngawo nawuphi na umonakalo kuyo nayiphi na ipropati yomnini wemvume ngenxa yeziphumo zomsebenzi owenziwe nguRhulumente okanye egameni lakhe okanye ngaso nasiphina isizathu nokuba sesiphi na, ngaphandle kokuba umonakalo onjalo ubangwe kukungakhathali kwicala labasebenzi bakaRhulumente ekwenzeni kwabo imisebenzi yabo yesiqhelo.
Umnini wemvume yimfanelo yakhe eyomonakalo kwimveliso yehlathi okanye kuyo nayiphi na ipropati kaRhulumente ebangelwe sisiphumo sako nakuphi na ukwenza kwicala lakhe.
Uhambo ngeenyawo nokukhwela iibhayisekile, ukumisa intente, imizila yee-4x4, ukuzingela, utyelelo lwezomoya/lwenkcubeko kunye namaqela akhokelwayo.
Jonga uluhlu lwemisebenzi kwisiHlomelo A.
Isininzi ngabantu aba- 5 ngemvume nganye. Amaqela akhokelwayo - Isininzi sabantu abangama-20 ngenkokheli yeqela ngalinye.
Ngokwemiqathango yeCandelo le-19 & 20 lika-1998 lomThetho wamaHlathi kaZwelonke (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-84 ka-1998), Ukungena kwiHlathi likaRhulumente kunyinelwe ummandla owonyuliweyo kwimaphu encanyathiselweyo (kunye/okanye kummandla ochaziweyo) kunye nangokungqinelana nemithetho edwelisiweyo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba izithintelo ezithile ezongezelelekileyo kule mithetho zinokusebenza kwimimandla yamahlathi athile, njengoko kukhonjisiwe kwiimpawu, kwiimaphu, kumaphetshana okanye kolunye ulwazi olufumanekayo kuwonke-wonke.
Le mvume isebenza kwenye yezi ntlobo zokungena zilandelayo njengoko zibalulwe ngumfaki sicelo, kuxhomekeka kwizibonelelo ezikhoyo okanye uluhlu lwemisebenzi evunyelwayo..
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Yintoni amagama ezelizwe?
Yintoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe (SAGNC)?
Lenza ntoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe?
Ngawaphi amagama elijongene nawo iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe?
Ngawaphi amagama angaphandle kolawulo lweBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe?
Ingaba amagama akhoyo angatshintshwa?
Ngubani ongafaka isicelo sokwamkelwa kwegama?
Yintoni amagama ezelizwe?
Ngamagama eemilo zelizwe zendalo, okanye ezenziweyo okanye ezamkelwe ngabantu, kwaye zinokuba nabantu okanye zingabinabo abantu.
Yintoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe?
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe lilungiselelwe i-ofisi yolawulo liSebe lezoBugcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe.
Lenza ntoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe?
Libeka emgangathweni amagama ezeLizwe phanstsi kolawulo lwalo. Ukwenza oku limisela igama emalifakwe kwimilo yeLizwe nganye, kunye nohlobo olubhaliweyo lwegama elo.
Lenza izincomo ngamagama abekwe emgangathweni kuMphathiswa ukuba amkelwe.
Lifumana kwaye libhale amagama ezeLizwe amkelweyo kwaye lenze ukuba aziwe ngopapasho kunye ne-Internet.
Liqhagamshelana neZizwe eziManyeneyo (UN), Ikhomishoni yoqoqosho yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ye-Afrika, oogunyaziwe bamagama ezelizwe zezizwe ezingamalungu eZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye namanye amagosa elizwe jikelele ajongene nokubekwa emgangathweni kwamagama ezelizwe.
Ngawaphi amagama elijongene nawo iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe?
iimilo zendalo, umzekelo iintaba, iinduli, imilambo, imifula, iibheyi, iimpondo zomhlaba ezingena elwandle neencam, iziqithi, imisinga, 'iipoort' nee"neks".
Ngawaphi amagama angaphandle kolawulo lweBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe?
Kunye namagama oogunyaziwe bengingqi izakhiwo neefama ezinabanini babucala.
IiKomiti zamaPhondo zamaGama ezeLizwe zisekwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo lesi-2 (a) lomThetho weBhunga lamaGama ezeLizwe oMzantsi Afrika ka1998. Asekwe lisebe lephondo eziyimfanelo yalo ezobugcisa kunye nenkcubeko emva kokucebisana neBhunga lamaGama ezeLizwe loMzantsi Afrika.
Imfanelo ye-PGNC kukucebisa oogunyaziwe beengingqi kunye nokusebenza nabo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba bayayisebenzisa imithetho-siseko ye-SAGNC kumagama aphantsi kolawulo lwabo.
I-PGNC yenza izincomo kwi-SAGNC ngamagama eemilo zeLizwe awela kwimida yephondo elo. Kufuneka ukuba yenze umsebenzi wolungiselelo wokungenisa amagama kwi-SAGNC, kwaye yimfanelo yayo ukubona ukuba uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye nabanye abathelelani kudityanwe nabo ngokwaneleyo.
Kutheni amagama ezelizwe kufuneka ebekwe emgangathweni?
Kuyenzeka ukuba abantu bathiye iindawo ezahlukeneyo ngegama elifanayo.
Amagama asenokuvakala ngokufanayo okanye upelo lwegama lendawo enye lungasondela kwelelinye igama lendawo.
Amagama asenokupelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Kwilizwe elifana noMzantsi Afrika elineelwimi ezininzi, iindawo maxa wambi zinokuba nangaphezulu kwegama elinye.
Ezi meko ziye zikhokelele kukungaqondani kakuhle kunye nophazamiseko. Ukwenzela ukukuphepha oku, amagama ezelizwe abekwa emgangathweni ngoogunyaziwe kwilizwe lonke.
Kubalulekile ukubekwa kwamagama emgangathweni ngenjongo yokuqinisela imbali yelizwe nokuzazisa ngokobuzwe, ngorhwebo noshishino, uthutho, uqhagamshelwano, ucwangciso lommandla nelokusijikelezileyo, inzululwazi nobuchwepheshe, ukhenketho, ulawulo lwentlekele nemisebenzi yokukhangela nokusindisa njalo njalo.
Kuzwelonke nakwilizwe jikelele abo balungisa iimaphu neegazethi zamagama ezelizwe baxhomekeke koorhulumente bamazwe ukuba babanike amagama abekwe emgangathweni.
Kwimithetho yeli xesha yokubhala (ukupela) yeelwimi apho amagama athathwe khona.
Kwiminqweno yenani labantu basekuhlaleni, ngaphandle kokuba abaphixani nemithetho-siseko ye-SAGNC.
Ukusetyenziswa kwegama ngokwembali.
Ulungiso, apho igama litshintshiweyo khona kusekelwe kwiingcamango zembali.
Izisombululo zeZizwe eziManyeneyo ekubekweni emgangathweni kwamagama ezelizwe.
Naziphi na ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo i-SAGNC enokuzichonga.
Ukumisela igama kwindawo kufuna iingcamango zembali kunye nezolwimi, uncedo oluthengelanayo, umoya woluntu kunye nomoya wesizwe.
Kusebenza imithetho-siseko efanayo kuwo onke amagama ezelizwe. IiKomiti zaMaphondo zamaGama ezeLizwe kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba oogunyaziwe bengingqi bayayazi le mithetho-siseko ukuze isebenze kumagama ezitalato kunye nezinye iimilo eziwela phantsi kolawulo loogunyaziwe beengingqi..
amagama angathathwa njengesibhengezo semveliso ethile, senkonzo okanye somzi-mveliso.
Amagama abantu abaphilayo kufuneka aphetshwe.
Iindawo zezelizwe ezithiywe ngabantu kufuneka zihambelane nezinga labantu abo (umzekelo, ukuthiya into engacacanga ngegama lomntu obalulekileyo kuzwelonke).
Imvume ebhaliweyo , apho kunokwenzeka , kufuneka ifunyanwe emntwini okanye kusapho lomntu okanye kwiindlalifa phambi kokuba igama lomntu lisetyenziswe.
Amagama asele ezinzile kwaye asele esetyenziswa kakhulu angangeniswa kwi-SAGNC. Angangeniswa nawo amagama avunywe liqumrhu elizimeleyo okanye urhulumente welizwe elizimeleyo okanye ummandla ozimeleyo ngoku ongene kuMzantsi Afrika.
Ingaba amagama akhoyo angatshintshwa?
Amagama ezelizwe ayinxenye yelifa lethu lembali, inkcubeko kunye nolwimi lwesizwe, ekunqwenelekayo kukuba agcinwe kunokuwatshabalalisa.
Enye yeenjongo ze-SAGNC kukwenza lula inkqubo yenguqu yamagama ezelizwe.
Isicelo segama eselikhona ukuba litshintshwe singenziwa ukuba umenzi wesicelo ukholelwa ekubeni igama elo alihlangabezani nemithetho-siseko yeBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe. Isicelo kufuneka senziwe kwifom enye naleyo isetyenziselwa amagama amatsha, kwaye kufuneka ikhatshwe zizizathu ezivakalayo, apho kunokwenzeka, amaxwebhu axhasayo.
Igama linokwaliwa ukuba lingene endaweni yegama elikhoyo abantu abathile abanokulibona ligciniwe.
Igama linokuthuka ngenxa yonxulumano lwalo, nokuba ekuqaleni lalinikwe ngokunyanisekileyo.
Xa igama elikhoyo linikwa isikhundla esisemthethweni, uhlobo lwalo kufanele ukuba lubekwe emgangathweni (umzekelo ukupelwa kwalo kumele ukuba kwenziwe kutsha).
Apho upelo olwahlukeneyo lwegama elinye lusetyenziswayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo (ezifana nehlomela ledolophu kunye neposi, okanye umlambo kunye nedolophu), uhlobo kufanele ukuba lubekwe emgangathweni.
Uhlobo olusetyenziselwa indawo ethile kufanele ukuba lube sisigxina.
Inani leendawo igama elithile elisebenzayo kuzo malibe nomda.
Oovimba, okwamasiko okuthethwa ngomlomo kunye nezinye izibonelelo kufanele ukuba kudityanwe nazo.
Xa ingqalelo inikwa yokuba ingaba igama lokuqala maligcinwe, into inye emayithathelwe ingqalelo kukuba ulwimi lokuqala apho igama lithathwe khona lalahleka, apho ke kuye kufuneke ukuba uncedo lwentlalo yale mihla lubaluleke kakhulu.
Kunokuba nzima ukuqondisisa uhlobo olululo lwegama lakuqala ngenxa yokuba uhlobo lolwimi lwemveli lwalo (umzekelo iilwimi zama-khoi nama-san) alwaziwa.
Imithetho ethile ngaphandle komThetho we-SAGNC ulawula uhlobo oluthile lwamagama ezelizwe (njengegama lelizwe, amagama amaphondo kunye noogunyaziwe beengingqi kunye namagama eendawo).
Ngubani onokwenza isicelo sokuvunywa kwegama?
Onke amasebe karhulumente, oorhulumente bamaphondo, oogunyaziwe bengingqi, iPosi yoMzantsi Afrika, abaphuhlisi bezakhiwo kwanalo naliphi elinye iqela okanye umntu unokufaka isicelo.
I-SAGNC ifumana zonke izicelo zokwamkelwa kwamagama ezelizwe aphantsi kolawulo lwayo kwaye iqinisekise ukuba ukucebisana okufanelekileyo kwenzekile kunye nokuba igama liyahlangabezana neemfuno zeBhunga nxa zonke.
Lakube igama livunyiwe nguMphathiswa, elo gama libekwe emgangathweni. Liye ke ngoko lipapashwe kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni.
Iifomu zokwenza isicelo zifumaneka kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe okanye kwiKomiti yePhondo yamaGama ezeLizwe.
Abenzi bezicelo kufuneka bakunanze ukunika yonke inkcazelo efunwayo kwifomu yokwenza isicelo.
Izidibanisi kwisibanzi neside(ngokwaloo ndlela). Le nkcazelo ibalulekile kwaye kufuneka ibe yechanekileyo. Izidibanisi X noY azamkelekanga.
Imaphu yendawo kufuneka yenziwe kwiphepha eliyi-A4.
Ulwimi lwegama. Ukuba igama lineendawo ezahlukeneyo kulwimi olungaphezu kwesinye, umzekelo, isiZulu nesiNgesi, xela zombini.
Amagama makabhalwe ngoonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, ingabi ngoonobumba abakhulu bodwa, makuboniswe apho mabasetyenziswe khona oonobumba abakhulu, umzekelo, eMbali okanye Gabosela.
Imvelaphi nentsingiselo yegama. Imiba yezembali engegama, ukubhekisa kwimilo yezelizwe okanye ukuthiya ngokubonisa intlonipho emntwini, kufuneka loo nto icaciswe kangangoko. Ulwazi lwezemveli olufunyenwe kwabanolwazi lungacatshulwa, namaxwebhu aphuma koovimba bolondolozo-mbali angancanyatheliswa.
Isicelo ngasinye kufuneka sinike iinkcukacha zomazisi oyintloko elize naye igama.
Igama lesibini kufuneka nalo linikwe. Uyakhawuleza umsebenzi ukuba iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika lamaGama ezeLizwe linikwe igama lesibini ukuba elokuqala alamkeleki ngenxa yezizathu (mhlawumbi kuphindwe igama ebesele livunyiwe).
Nceda sebenzisa ifom yokwenza isicelo emiselweyo. (Musa ukuchwetheza kwakhona).
Ukuba uthumela ifeksi okanye imbalelwano ye-elektroni, nceda landelisa ngokuthumela amaxwebhu asayiniweyo emveli ngeposi.
I-SAGNC ingathanda ukuba amalungu oluntu lwasekuhlaleni abandakanyeke ekunikweni kwamagama. Apho uwonke-wonke angenako ukugcwalisa iifom zokufaka isicelo, banokufaka isicelo bedlula koogunyaziwe bengingqi sisiya kwiKomiti yamaGama ezeLizwe ePhondo ukuze bancediswe. I-PGNC inokuthi nayo icele ukuncediswa yi-SAGNC, enokuwudlulisela umcimbi kubaphandi abaziingcali.
Ibhunga lidibana amatyeli amathathu ngonyaka. Njengoko ukulibazisa kubangelwa yinkcazelo engaphelelanga okanye engeyiyo ekwifom, abenzi besicelo kufuneka baqonde ukuba ukubekwa kwegama emgangathweni kungayinkqubo ende. Amalungiselelo ethuba lokulinda, ebuncinaneni iinyanga ezintathu, kufuneka enziwe kwinkqubo yocwangciso. Kufuneka ifomu yokwenza isicelo izaliswe ngocoselelo njengoko kufuneka ukunqanda ukulinda ixesha elide kakhulu.
QAPHELA: Sebenzisa ifom enye kwimilo nganye ecetywayo ukuba inikwe igama.
Elikhethwa endaweni yesibini i Yintoni intsingiselo yegama kwaye lithathwe koluphi ulwimi?
Nika imvelaphi yegama ukuba ngaba uyayazi. umzekelo.
Licetyelwa eyiphi imilo igama umzekelo?
Ingaba imi kwesiphi isiThili sikaMantyi okanye iPhondo indawo leyo?
i Ingaba ikude kangakanani okanye imi ikweliphi icala imilo kwidolophu ekufutshane/kwi-ofisi kamantyi umzekelo ziikhilomitha ezili-15 kumntla ntshona we?
Ingaba igama elicetywayo kudala likhona (iminyaka engama-50 0kanye ngaphezulu), ngokuthelekisa litsha (iminyaka eli-10 - 50), okanye litsha (iminyaka emi-5 okanye ngaphantsi)?
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_INCWADANA 1.txt</fn>
Lisebenza ngokungaxhomekekanga kwiSAPS ngenyaniso nangokukhutheleyo ekuphengululeni amabango okuziphatha kakubi nakulwaphulo -mthetho ngamalungu eSAPS. Injongo yayo kukuphuhlisa indlela yokuziphatha efanelekileyo kumapolisa.
ukufa kwabantu eluvalelweni ngamapolisa okanye ngenxa yezenzo zepolisa (njengokudubula, ukuhlasela).
ukubandakanyeka kwamalungu eSAPS kwizenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho njengokuhlasela, ukuba, urhwaphilizo, ukuphanga, udlwengulo namanye amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho.
izimilo zamapolisa okanye ukuziphatha okuthintelwayo ngokweMithetho eMileyo yeSAPS okanye iMimiselo yamaPolisa, njengokungakhathaleli imisebenzi okanye ungaphumeleli ukuthobela umgaqo wokuziphatha.
ukungoneliseki/ izikhalazo ngenkonzo elambathayo enikezwa ngamapolisa.
izikhalazo zezehlo ezenzeka ngaphambi kokuba izinziswe, oko kukuthi ngaphambi koTshazimpuzi ka-1997 nezo zenzeke ngaphezu konyaka phambi kokuba zixelwe kwi-ICD, ngaphandle kokuba kuneemeko ezingaqhelekanga.
Izikhalazo malunga nesitafu seNkonzo zoBulungisa, amagosa asenkundleni, namalungu oMkhosi woKhuselo waseMzantsi Afrika.
Nawuphina umntu, nokuba nguwuphi onjengengqina lexhoba, okanye ummeli.
Imibutho engeyiyo ekaRhulumente kunye neyasekuhlaleni.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_INCWADANA 2.txt</fn>
Yintoni amagama ezelizwe?
Yintoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Lenza ntoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngawaphi amagama elijongene nawo iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngawaphi amagama angaphandle kolawulo lweBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ingaba amagama akhoyo angatshintshwa?
Yintoni amagama ezelizwe?
Ngamagama eendawo apho abantu bahlala khona nezinto abazakhayo kwakunye namagama eemilo zendalo.
Yintoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe liqela elicebisa uMphathiswa wezoBugcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi noBuchwepheshe ngokubekwa emgangathweni kwamagama.
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe lineengcali zamagama eendawo, ezelwimi zaseburhulumenteni nezembali engenkcubeko. Likwanommeli omnye wephondo ngalinye kwanabameli beCandelo loLawulo eliyiNtloko kwezoCando nokwenziwa kweeMephu, iPosi yoMzantsi Afrika kunye neBhodi yeelwini iPANSALB.
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe lilungiselelwe i-ofisi yolawulo liSebe lezoBugcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi noBuchwepheshe.
Lenza ntoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Lithatha izigqibo ngokuma kwamagama kwaye linike iingcebiso kuMphathiswa ukuze awamkele.
Liyaqokelela kwaye ligcine amagama ezelizwe kwaye liwenze aziwe.
Liqhakamshelana neZizwe eziManyeneyo, Ikhomishoni yoqoqosho yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ye-Afrika, oogunyaziwe bamagama ezelizwe zezizwe ezingamalungu eZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye namanye amagosa elizwe jikelele ajongene nokubekwa emgangathweni kwamagama ezelizwe.
Ngawaphi amagama elijongene nawo iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
iintaba, iinduli, imilambo, imifula, iibheyi, iimpondo zomhlaba ezingena elwandle neencam, iziqithi, imisinga, 'iipoort' njalo njalo.
amagama eendawo (iindawo zelizwe ezisetyenziselwa ubhaliso lobunini-mhlaba).
Ngawaphi amagama angaphandle kolawulo lweBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
amagama oogunyaziwe bengingqi izakhiwo neefama ezinabanini babucala.
Kutheni amagama ezelizwe kufuneka ebekwe emgangathweni?
Kuyenzeka kuwo onke amazwe ukuba abantu bathiye iindawo ezahlukeneyo ngegama elifanayo okanye kubekho ukungaqondi kuba amagama asenokuvakala ngokufanayo okanye upelo lwegama lendawo enye lungasondela kwelelinye igama lendawo. Amagama asenokupelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kwilizwe elifana noMzantsi Afrika elineelwimi ezininzi, iindawo maxa wambi azinagama linye.
Kwilizwe lonke liphela, amagama abekwa emgangathweni ngoogunyaziwe abathatha izigqibo ngemo yegama emalisetyenziswe ngokusemthethweni, kuqukwa nopelo lwelo gama.
Kubalulekile ukubekwa kwamagama emgangathweni ngenjongo yokuqinisela imbali yelizwe nokuzazisa ngokobuzwe, ngorhwebo noshishino, uthutho, uqhakamshelwano, ucwangciso lommandla nelokusijikelezileyo, inzululwazi nobuchwepheshe, ukhenketho, ulawulo lwentlekele nemisebenzi yokukhangela nokusindisa njalo njalo.
Kuzwelonke nakwilizwe jikelele abo balungisa iimephu neegazethi zamagama ezelizwe baxhomekeke koorhulumente bamazwe ukuba babanike amagama abekwe emgangathweni.
Iphondo ngalinye lonyula iKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe.
IKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe inoxanduva lokucebisa oogunyaziwe bengingqi kwaye isebenze kunye nabo ukuqinisekisa ukuba basebenzisa imithetho-siseko yeBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe kumagama aphantsi kolawulo lwabo.
IKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe inoxanduva lokubona ukuba amabutho asekuhlaleni nabanye abachaphazelekayo kuboniswana nabo ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba naliphi na igama lingeniswe ngugunyaziwe wengingqi elidlulisa kwiKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe lisiya kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.
Amagama angeniswa nayiPosi, abaphuhlisi bezakhiwo, imibutho nabantu ngabanye.
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe lifumana zonke izicelo zokwamkelwa kwamagama ezelizwe aphantsi kolawulo lwalo kwaye liqinisekisa nokuba kuye kwaboniswana kakuhle kwaye igama elo lihambelana neemfuno zebhunga ngandlela zonke.
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe lithatha isigqibo sokugqibela ngemo okanye iimo zamagama lize liwadlulisele kuMphathiswa.
Lakuba igama lamkelwe nguMphathiswa, elo gama libekwe emgangathweni. Emva koko lipapashwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente.
Kusebenza imithetho-siseko efanayo kuwo onke amagama ezelizwe. IiKomiti zaMaphondo zaMagama ezeLizwe kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba oogunyaziwe bengingqi bayayazi le mithetho-siseko.
amagama angathathwa njengesibhengezo semveliso ethile, senkonzo okanye somzi-mveliso.
Amagama abantu abaphilayo kufuneka aphetshwe.
Iindawo zezelizwe ezithiywe ngabantu kufuneka zihambelane nezinga labantu abo (umzekelo, ukuthiya into engacacanga ngegama lomntu obalulekileyo kuzwelonke).
Imvume ebhaliweyo , apho kunokwenzeka , kufuneka ifunyanwe emntwini okanye kusapho lomntu okanye kwiindlalifa phambi kokuba igama lomntu lisetyenziswe.
Ingaba amagama akhoyo angatshintshwa?
Isicelo singenziwa ukuba umenzi wesicelo ukholelwa ekubeni igama elo alihlangabezani nemithetho-siseko yeBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe okanye phantsi kwezinye iimeko ezinjengezembali okanye ezolwimi. Isicelo kufuneka senziwe kwifomu enye naleyo isetyenziselwa amagama amatsha, kwaye kufuneka ikhatshwe zizizathu ezivakalayo, apho kunokwenzeka, amaxwebhu axhasayo.
Ukutshintsha kuyabhidisa kwilizwe eli nakwilizwe jikelele, kwaye kuthatha iminyaka ukuba kuphunyezwe.
Ukutshintsha kuziindleko eziphezulu kumacandelo onke oluntu. Kungavela iingxwaba-ngxwaba ngokuba ngubani oza kuthwala iindleko ezenziweyo xa kutshintshwa.
Ukutshintsha kungaphazamisa eluntwini endaweni yokukhuthaza ubumbano lukazwelonke.
Amagama ezelizwe ayinxalenye yelifa lesizwe, elembali, inkcubeko nolwimi, ekungumqweno wokuba lilondolozeke ngaphezu kokulitshabalalisa.
Ngubani onokwenza isicelo sokuvunywa kwegama?
Onke amasebe karhulumente, oorhulumente bamaphondo, oogunyaziwe bengingqi, iPosi yoMzantsi Afrika, abaphuhlisi bezakhiwo kwanalo naliphi elinye iqela okanye umntu ofuna ukuba indawo ithiywe igama.
Iifomu zokwenza isicelo zifumaneka kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe okanye kwiKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe.
Abenzi bezicelo kufuneka bakunanze ukunika yonke inkcazelo efunwayo kwifomu yokwenza isicelo.
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe lingathanda ukuba amabutho asekuhlaleni azibandakanye ekuthiyeni. Apho abantu bangakwaziyo ukuzalisa ifomu yokwenza isicelo, bangenza isicelo kugunyaziwe wengingqi esiya kwiKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe sokuba bancedwe. Iikomiti zaMaphondo zaMagama ezeLizwe nazo zingafuna uncedo kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe, lona elingawudlulisela umbandela kubaphandi abaziingcali.
Izidibanisi kwisibanzi neside(ngokwaloo ndlela). Le nkcazelo ibalulekile kwaye kufuneka ibe yechanekileyo. Izidibanisi X noY azamkelekanga.
Imephu yendawo kufuneka yenziwe kwiphepha eliyi-A4.
Ulwimi lwegama. Ukuba igama lineendawo ezahlukeneyo kulwimi olungaphezu kwesinye, umzekelo, isiZulu nesiNgesi, xela zombini.
Amagama makabhalwe ngoonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, ingabi ngoonobumba abakhulu bodwa, makuboniswe apho mabasetyenziswe khona oonobumba abakhulu, umzekelo, eMbali okanye Gabosela.
Imvelaphi nentsingiselo yegama. Imiba yezembali engegama, ukubhekisa kwimilo yezelizwe okanye ukuthiya ngokubonisa intlonipho emntwini, kufuneka loo nto icaciswe kangangoko. Ulwazi lwezemveli olufunyenwe kwabanolwazi lungacatshulwa , namaxwebhu aphuma koovimba bolondolozo-mbali angancanyatheliswa.
Isicelo ngasinye kufuneka sinike iinkcukacha zomazisi oyintloko elize naye igama.
Igama lesibini kufuneka nalo linikwe. Uyakhawuleza umsebenzi ukuba iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe linikwe igama lesibini ukuba elokuqala alamkeleki ngenxa yezizathu (mhlawumbi kuphindwe igama ebesele livunyiwe).
Nceda sebenzisa ifomu yokwenza isicelo emiselweyo. Musa ukuchwetheza kwakhona.
Ukuba uthumela ifeksi okanye imbalelwano ye-elektroni, nceda landelisa ngokuthumela amaxwebhu asayiniweyo emveli ngeposi.
Ibhunga lidibana amatyeli amane ngonyaka. Njengoko ukulibazisa kubangelwa yinkcazelo engaphelelanga okanye engeyiyo ekwifomu, abenzi besicelo kufuneka baqonde ukuba ukubekwa kwegama emgangathweni kungayinkqubo ende. Amalungiselelo ethuba lokulinda, ebuncinaneni iinyanga ezintathu, kufuneka enziwe kwinkqubo yocwangciso. Kufuneka ifomu yokwenza isicelo izaliswe ngocoselelo njengoko kufuneka ukunqanda ukulinda ixesha elide kakhulu.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_INCWADANA ESISIKHOKELO III.txt</fn>
Urhulumente wengingqi ngumthathi-nxaxheba ophambili kwinkqubo yophuhliso yoMzantsi Afrika. Inkqubo yenguqu yokumisela oomasipala abangenamkhethe ngokobuhlanga nabanakho ukusebenza linyathelo lobuchule elingundoqo elinokwenza ukuba urhulumente wengingqi azalisekise indima yakhe yophuhliso.
inkqubo yokwahlula kwakhona ethe yaba neziphumo zoomasipala abanakho ukusebenza ; kwakunye nokunikeza inkqubo-sakhelo entsha esemthethweni kurhulumente wengingqi ngokumisela uMthetho wamaQumrhu ooMasipala kwanoMthetho weeNkqubo zooMasipala.
Kukhetho lukarhulumente wengingqi obelubanjiwe ngomhla wesi-5 kuDisemba 2000 isigaba senguqu sifikelele esiphelweni kwaye inkqubo yorhulumente wengingqi ingaqalisa ukusebenza phezu kwesiseko esiluqilima.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lolunye lwezixhobo ezingundoqo khon' ukuze urhulumente wengingqi abe nakho ukumelana nendima yakhe entsha yophuhliso. Ngokuchasene nendima edlalwe lucwangciso kwixa eligqithileyo, ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lubonwa ngoku njengomsebenzi wolawulo lukamasipala nanjengenxalenye yenkqubo ehlangeneyo yocwangciso nokufezekiswa kwezithembiso. Inkqubo ye-IDP yenzelwe ukuba ifikelele kwizigqibo kwimiba efana nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala, ulawulo lwemihlaba, inkuthazo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwengingqi kwakunye nenguqu yezamaziko ngendlela yothetha-thethwano ecwangciswe kakuhle nenobuchule. IziCwangciso zoPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo phofu azizikunika nkcazelo kulawulo lukamasipala kuphela; zifanele ukuba zikhokele imisebenzi yayo nayiphi i-arhente evela kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente, amaqumrhu anika inkonzo, imbutho engekho phantsi kulawulo lukarhulumente kwakunye necandelo labucala elikwingigqi kamasipala.
Kwithuba eligqithileyo lolawulo, inkoliso yamagunya engingqi enguqu ebesele eyinxalenye yokulungiswa kwezicwangciso ze-IDP. (uninzi lwazo lwaphelela ekulungiseleleni ii-LDO). Oku kwenziwa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Inkqubo-sakhelo esemthethweni esiqinisekisayo yayingekamiselwa. Uninzi lwamagunya engingqi (AmaBhunga amele iNguqu ngokuthe ngqo), ebengenazakhono zokulawula inkqubo yocwangciso elolo hlobo. Bekungekho ndlela yosetyenziso yocwangciso evavanyiweyo nankqubo yoqeqesho ebanzi necwangcwiswe kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo bonke abo bebethatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo ye-IDP yangaphambili bafunde lukhulu kule nkqubo. Kwaye amagunya engingqi ambalwa sele enze inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo ekusekeni indlela yokucwangcisa enokunceda ukuphucula ukufezekiswa okanye ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi neenkqubo.
Ngoku, kanye ngexesha elifanelekileyo kumabhunga asand ' ukukhethwa, inkqubo yenkxaso ezimele ngokupheleleyo seyilungele inkqubo ezayo ye-IDP.
Kukho inkqubo yoqeqesho enabileyo kazwelonke yabalawuli boomasipala, amagosa obugcisa, ooceba kwanabo baqeqeshelwe ukucwangcisa, elungiselela abo bangabathathi-nxaxheba abavela koomasipala bonke.
Inkqubo yenkxaso enabileyo kuzwelonke yoomasipala bengingqi (PIMSS) iyasekwa kunye namaziko enkxaso akumgangatho wezithili njengenxalenye engundoqo.
Inani elivisayo loomasipala, i-SALGA, amasebe amaphondo karhulumente wengingqi kwakunye noludwe lwamasebe amacandelo kazwelonke, athathe inxaxheba kule nkqubo eye yazala le ncwadana ingumqulu osisikhokelo se-IDP. Ndiqinisekile ke ngoko ukuba ngenxa yoko, le miqulu ipapashiweyo iya kuba yincwadana esisikhokelo eluncedo ekwayinkuthazo kuni nonke nina bayinxalenye yenkqubo ye- IDP, kumalinge enu okwenza i-IDP isixhobo sokukhawulelana neemfuno zentlalo nezoqoqosho zoluntu lwethu ngokufanelekileyo.
Zinika isikhokelo esisisiseko ngenjongo, iziqulatho, iinkqubo nemiba yezamaziko oCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo. Ezi zikhokelo, ngaphandle kokunika ingcaciso yoMthetho weNkqubo kaMasipala wama- 2000, zigqitha ngaphaya kweemfuno ezilindelekileyo nezidweliswe kulo Mthetho.
Inika uncedo ekuqulunqeni inkqubo yocwangciso. Ibeka umnwe ekucaciseni iindima noxanduva kumalingiselelo emibutho kwanokumisa ngendlela iinkqubo zocwangciso kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo.
Iziphumo ezifunekayo Yintoni?
Neenkqubo ezicetyisiweyo ("Njani") kwanemiba yezamaziko (" Ngubani")?
Inika iindlela ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zocwangciso/ ubuchule bocwangciso ukulungiselela imisebenzi yocwangciso engundoqo neengcebiso ekusebenzisekeni kwezixhobo.
Inika isikhokelo ngendlela yokunxulumanisa ezinye izikhokelo zemigaqo-nkqubo eqhelekileyo (ezingezo ze- IDP) okanye imigaqo-nkqubo yamacandelo kwinkqubo ye IDP.
Kuqhagamshelwano kufezekiso locwangciso.
Izixhobo zolawulo lofezekiso.
Izixhobo zolawulo zobeko esweni nokwenza.
1 Ukuqokelelwa kweenkcukacha ezikhoyo.
2 UPhicotho lweNqanaba loLuntu nabo Banebango.
3 Ukuvumelanisa ukuqokelelwa kweenkcukacha ezikhoyo noPhicotho lweNqanaba loLuntu naBanebango.
4 Uphicotho loomasipala ngokobubanzi.
4b Uphicotho lwendalo esingqongileyo.
4c Uphicotho lwezamaziko.
5 Uphicotho lweendawo.
8 Uphicotho- nzulu lwemiba ephambil. Izikhokelo ngokubanzi.
9 Uphicotho-nzulu lwemiba ephambili: Izikhokelo zamacandelo ohlobo oluthile.
9a Iimfuneko zamacandelo ezichanekileyo.
10 Ukuqiniswa kweziphumo zophicotho.
3a Izikhokelo zengingqi zeendlela zobuchule zendawo.
3b Izikhokelo zengingqi zeendlela zobuchule bokutshatyalaliswa kwentlupheko nolingano ngokwesini.
3c Izikhokelo zengingqi zeendlela zobuchule zendalo esingqongileyo.
3d Izikhokelo zengingqi zeendlela zobuchule zophuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwengingqi.
3e Izikhokelo zengingqi zeendlela zobuchule zamaziko.
4 Ukucacisa izakhelo zamajelo okanye oovimba/ Iindlela zobuchule zezimali.
5 Ukuyila iindlela zobuchule ezizezinye.
6 Ukuyila iimeko zeengxoxo-mpikiswano zikawonke-wonke kwiindlela ezizezinye.
7 Ukuqalisa kwentlanganiso zokucebisana zobuchule kwinqanaba lesithili.
8 Ukuphicotha iindlela ezizezinye.
9 Ukugqiba ngeendlela zobuchule ezizezinye / ukuyila iindlela zobuchule.
10 Ukuguqula iziphumo zeentlanganiso zokucebisana zesithili zibe zizigqibo zengingqi.
Imizekelo yengxelo-ntetho yeendlela zobuchule.
1 Ukuqulunqa amaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi.
2 Ukumisela ulwabiwo lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali oluphambili.
4 Uthatho-nxaxheba lwamaqela ekujoliswe kuwo kucwangciso lweeprojekthi.
5 Ubandakanyo lwamahlakani eeprojekthi.
6 Umiso lwezalathisi zeenjongo.
8 Imisebenzi engundoqo/ixesha elimisiweyo/ ii-arhente ezi.
9 Uqikelelo lweendleko/uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali/uvimba wezimali.
3 Iinkqubo ezihlangeneyo zamacandelo.
4 Isicwangciso seminyaka emi-5 sezimali sikaMasipala.
5 Inkqubo yeminyaka emi-5 yotyalo-mali lwesixa semali (bonke oovimba botyalo-mali).
7 Inkqubo yolawulo ehlangeneyo yobeko-sweni nokwenza.
8 Inkqubo-sakhelo ehlangeneyo yophuhliso lwendawo.
9 Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yokuncitshiswa kwentlupheko/yolingano ngokwesini.
10 Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yendalo esingqongileyo.
12 Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yezamaziko.
14 Isicwangciso solawulo lwentlekele.
1 Ithuba lokuvakalisa izimvo ezivela kuRhulumente wephondo/kaZwelonke.
5 Ulwamkelo lokugqibela liBhunga likaMasipala.
Ukwenza lula indlela yokwenza.
Ukukhuthaza ingxoxo-mpikiswano "kwimiba yokwenene" kumasipala, endaweni yokuba ibe ngumsebenzi wokuqokelela iinkcukacha (idatha) oqulethe lukhulu nokusetyenziswa okuxhakaxhaka kwezixhobo zocwangciso.
Ukunikeza le ncwadana yokufundisa ikwimo yokusebenziseka lula.
Kukho imvisiswano eqaphelekayo malunga nemfuno yezikhokelo ezicacileyo, ezithe ngqo ezinokusebenziseka, kwakunye nokunqweneleka kwendlela yocwangciso ezisa iqonga lengxoxo-mpikiswano ngemiba yokwenene, endaweni yokuphembelela ukutsala nzima komcwangcisi oqeqeshiweyo kumsebenzi obhalwayo osisizungu, efuna esona sigama sifanelekileyo. Umngeni wendlela yosetyenziso eyenziwe lula, ngowona kunzima ukuqubisana nawo.
Inkqubo yothetha-thethwano efuna ukuzinikela okukuko koludwe olubanzi olwahlukileyo lwabantu abanebango kumanqanaba ngamanqanaba ophicotho nenkqubo yokuthathwa kwezigqibo. Ukwenza ukuba wonke ubani athathe inxaxheba, nanini, naphi na xa kufuneka bethathe inxaxheba (endaweni yamaxa onke) ngumsebenzi ontsonkothileyo.
Inkqubo yendlela yobuchule efuna indlela yokwenza ejolise ngqo, nophengululo olucwangcisiweyo lwesona sisombululo sifanelekileyo nesinokusebenziseka, kugcinwe engqondweni amajelo/ oovimba abakhoyo, izikhokelo zemigaqo-nkqubo equkayo kwanemigqalisela. Oku kuphumela ngaphaya kokuqokelela uluhlu lwemiba ephambili nokuyitshintshela kwizindululo zohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
Indlela yokwenza ehlangeneyo efuna ukucinga nokusebenza ngokupheleleyo kuwo onke amacandelo aqhelekileyo emida.
Ucwangciso olubhekiselele kufezekiso olufuna ukuchaneka kanye malunga nemithamo, ubunjani, uxanduva, indawo, ixesha neendleko ukuqinisekisa ufezekiso lwezithembiso luya kwenzeka. Oku kuthetha into engaphaya koluhlu lwezihloko zeeprojekthi.
Umngeni wendlela yokwenza yocwangciso ye- IDP kukuhlanganisa ezi mfuneko zintathu, ukuze kufikelelwe kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwezigqibo, nkqubo leyo ibe iyeyothetha-thethwano, yeendlela zobuchule nebhekiselele kufezekiso kwangaxeshanye.
Ibandakanya indlela ejolise kwisiganeko ukuququzelela le nkqubo ye-IDP, endaweni yendlela yokwenza ejolise kwizixhobo okanye kwiinkqubo. Ukucinga ngocwangciso njengolandelelwano lweziganeko zeqela, kulula kunokucinga ngolandelelwano lwezixhobo zocwangciso. Oku kuye kukhuthaze inkqubo yothetha-thethwano neengxoxo zobuchule ngemiba yokwenene engaphazanyiswa ziimfuneko zokunamathela kwisigama esithile okanye kwiimo ezithile.
Yohlula ngokucacileyo phakathi kohlobo oluthile lwendlela yokwenza ye- IDP (Isikhokelo sesi -III) elungele zonke iintlobo zoomasipala, nobugcisa nezixhobo ezichanekileyo zocwangciso (Isikhokelo sesi- IV) ezinokwahluka kakhulu komasipala ngoomasipala.
Ijolisa kulwimi olusebenziseka lula ngokuphepha ulwimi lwabacwangcisi.
Iveza le nkqubo ngokupheleleyo "ngokwezigaba" ezi- 5 ezilandelelanayo "nakwimisebenzi yocwangciso" yesigaba ngasinye (ekunganyanzelekanga ukuba ilandelwe ngendlela ethile yokulandelelana).
Indlela yokwenza ejolisa kwisiganeko.
Efikelela kwisigaba sengxoxo ezinobuchule nezokuthatyathwa kwezigqibo kwiinjongo nakwindlela ezizezona zifanelekileyo zokusombulula imiba ephambili.
Eya kwinkqubo ebambekayo nenobugcisa yocwangciso lweeprojekthi (Isigaba sesi- 3- Iiprojekthi).
Phambi kokuba zonke izindululo zeeprojekthi ziphononongwe ukuba ziyahambelana kwaye azitshintshi ze zihlanganiswe kwi-IDP eluqilima nezinzileyo. (Isigaba sesi- 4- Uhlanganiso).
Nto leyo ekugqibeleni ekufuneka igqithe kwinkqubo yovavanyo, nolungelelaniso nolwamkelo (Isigaba sesi- 5 -Ukwamkelwa).
Ukumema nokufakelela izimvo Ukwamkelwa liBhunga.
Iziganeko zocwangciso zisoloko ziziintlanganiso neendibano zokucebisana zamaqumrhu emibutho ejongene nenkqubo ye-IDP. (Iqonga Lengxoxo labameli leIDP, Ikomiti eSungulayo ye-IDP, amaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi) kanti ke kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga iba yimisebenzi eyenziwa ngabathile (ukuqokelelwa kweenkcukacha, uphando nokunye). Isiganeko socwangciso ngasinye sifanele ukuba sizale "iziphumo" Ezo ziphumo zinjalo zingaba kwimo yeenkcukacha okanye yezigqibo. Ezinye zeziphumo zinxulumene neemfuneko zomthetho, ezinye ziimfuneko nje eziqiqiweyo ezinceda ukulandelwa kwenkqubo equkayo. Kwisiganeko socwangciso ngasinye, kuvezwa iingcebiso kuhlobo lwemibutho "nabathath'inxaxheba" ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe inkqubo equkayo yothetha-thethwano nenabameli kwanothatho-nxaxheba.
Indlela yokwenza yocwangciso nangona kunjalo, ayithethi nto ingako ngezixhobo zocwangciso ezithe ngqo emazisetyenziswe kwisiganeko ngasinye. Ezi zixhobo zinokwahluka kakhulu ngenxa yodidi lukamasipala.
Ngeli lixa amabhunga asezidolophini ezinkulu enokusebenzisa ubugcisa bogcwangciso obukudidi oluphezulu nobusekelwe kwikhompuyutha, oomasipala abasebancinci behlelo -B, bangaqubisana kwanesi siganeko sogcwangciso ngokusebenzisa ingxoxo elandelekayo. Naxa oomasipala abasele bekhulile benokusebenzisa ubugcisa obucokisisiweyo bokulungiswa kweenkcukacha (umzekelo iinkqubo zeenkcukacha zejografi), abanye kungafuneka bathembele ekuqashiseleni nakwiindlela zezincomo ezikhawulezileyo. Ngenxa yoko, indlela yokwenza ye-IDP ejolise kwiziganeko equlathwe yile ncwadana yokufundisa ilungela ukusetyenziswa zizo zonke iintlobo zikamasipala. Bonke bafanele ukuba baphendule imibuzo efanayo ngokuthi bagqithe kwiintlobo ezifanayo zeziganeko zocwangciso lothetha-thethwano/ uthatho-nxaxheba nothatho-zigqibo.
Bubugcisa bocwangciso kuphela obuya kwahluka. Ukuthintela ukuphazanyiswa kwendlela yokwenza ye- IDP kwakunye nezixhobo nobugcisa obuthe ngqo, ubugcisa nezixhobo zoomasipala abohlukeneyo ziqokelelwe kwincwadana eyodwa yokufundisa (Incwadana yesikhokelo yesi - IV: Izixhobo).
nokuvumela iqondo elithile lobuninzi ngokubhekiselele kwiintlobo nobugcisa bocwangciso kwakunye nolungiso olunokuguquka kweemeko zikamasipala ngamnye.
Indlela yokwenza ye-IDP isekelwe phezu komgqalisela oqukayo wothetha-thethwano nolunabameli nothatho-nxaxheba lwabo bonke abahlali, uluntu nabanebango ngaphakathi kumasipala kwanabameli abavela kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente, amagcisa amacandelo nabanye abantu abanolwazi nezakhono.
a Uthatho-nxaxheba olwakheke ngemibutho, nabameli abasemthethweni okanye amagqwetha ejaji kwimeko yamaqela abemi belizwe abangekho mibuthweni, abahlelelekileyo okanye abakhethekileyo kunothetho-nxaxheba oluthe ngqo.
Ngamanye amazwi: Uthatho-nxaxheba oluthe ngqo lwabahlali namalungu oluntu kwiintlanganiso zomntu wonke luya kuba yinto ekhethekileyo kunomgaqo koomasipala abanabemi abangama-100 000, ngokomndilili. Le ndlela isekelwe kuthatho-nxaxheba lwamaziko neQonga Lengxoxo laBameli le-IDP njengequmrhu eliphambili eliququzelela oku, kwanesibonelelo sexesha elaneleyo labameli lokuba bacebisane noluntu lwabo okanye amalungu abo phambi kokuxoxa ngalo mba kwiQonga Lengxoxo Labameli le-IDP.
Kwisigaba soku-1 uluntu nabanebango banikwa ithuba lokuphicotha iingxaki zabo nokuchaza imiba yabo ephambili.
Kwisigaba sesi- 3, uluntu okanye abanebango abachaphazelekayo yiprojekthi yenginqgi ebambekayo kuya kuthetha-thethwana nabo ngemibuzo ethe ngqo enxulumene nokuqulunqwa kweeprojekthi Aqulunqwe njani amaziko/izinto ezikhoyo okanye iinkonzo ezikhoyo Zibekwe ndawoni Ngubani omakabonelele ngazo Ngubani omakafikelele phantsi kweziphi iimeko?
Kwisigaba sesi - 4, iQonga Lengxoxo labameli le-IDP kuya kufuneka likhangele ukuba izindululo zeeprojekthi ziyangqinelana na nemiba ephambili kwanezikhokelo ezinobuchule.
Kwisigaba sesi- 5, Uluntu nabanebango baya kunikwa ithuba lokuveza izimvo zabo ngale nkqubo ye-IDP iyilwayo.
Le ndlela yokwenza yothatho-nxaxheba lwamaziko neyakhiwe kakuhle neyothetha-thethwano, kulindeleke ukuba ibonelele ngamathuba aphucukileyo ukwenzela uthatho-nxaxheba olufanelekileyo nolungenabunzima nolungenankcitho kurhulumente kamasipala ongalindelekanga ukuba uhlawule iindleko zokuqalisa nokuququzelela iintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke.
Indlela yokwenza enobuchule.
Indlela yokwenza enobuchule yocwangciso ayilungele nje kodwa " Isigaba sendlela yobuchule". Ucwangciso olunobuchule luthetha ukwenza kangangoko ngoovimba abanqongopheleyo kuqwalaselwa iimeko ezigqubayo kwanezikhokelo zemigaqo-nkqubo.
Ukubeka phambili imiba embalwa ebalulekileyo kunokumelana nemiba yonke ngendlela equkayo. (Isigaba soku -1).
Ukusombulula oyena nobangela weengxaki osuka ezantsi kunokumelana neempawu kwisigaba soku -1, kuchongwa oonobangela, kwesesibni, bathathelwe ingqalelo xa kuqulunqwa iindlela ezinobuchule.
Ukuthathela ingqalelo oovimba obakhoyo nemeko efanelekileyo Kwisigaba soku -1 ezi zinto mazichongwe kwisigaba sesi -2 kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.
Ukuchonga nokuphicotha iindlela zobuchule ezizezinye ubuza imibuzo ethi njani?
Okokuqala ziqondise ngeemeko zenkqubo-sakhelo Emva koko, ujolisa ezikhoyo noovimba abafumanekayo. lonke uphicotho lwakho neengxoxo-mpikiswano kule miba iphambili.
Wenza izigqibo ngemiba yakho ephambili Phambi kokuba uchaze izisombululo, uqala ucinge ngoonobangela beengxaki kwaneendlela zokuzisombulula.
ezizezinye zokusombulula iingxaki ngciswe kakuhle ukulungiselela ngokwendlela engenazindleko, okuyinzuzo nokungeyonzuzo engatshitshiyo nenxulumene phambi kokwenza ukhetho nezikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo. olunobuchule.
Ucwangciso olunobuchule alukho nzima kangako. Wonke umntu kubomi bakhe babucala uqhelene nokubeka phambili imiba ngokubaluleka , ukujolisa nokujongana nentsusa yengxaki, esebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo amajelo/oovimba (kwanemiqobo), ekwakhangele nezinye iindlela eziphucuke kakhulu. Kuba yinto esisiqhelo kumaziko aye ahambe nathi kwindlela enganabuchule yokusebenzisa oovimba bakawonke-wonke obanqongopheleyo ngendlela engenazimpembelelo ngokuzama ukujongana neempawu ngokubanzi kwanokusetyenziswa kwezisombululo ezisemgangathweni ezinendleko.
Umngeni wocwangciso olunobuchule awuyondlela yosetyenziso. Yeyamaziko okanye eyopolitiko ngamanye amaxesha. Ukubeka phambili ngokubaluleka nokujolisa kwanokukhetha kufuna ingxoxo-mpikiswano ekusasazweni nakulwabiwo loovimba abanqongopheleyo phakathi kwamasebe, amaqela abemi belizwe neendawo.
Iingxoxo-mpikiswano ezilolu hlobo ziye zibe zezempixano. Umngeni karhulumente wengingqi wophuhliso kukuchophela nokusombulula impixano ezinjalo ngokusebenzisa izikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo, ngokukhangela iindlela ezinefuthe elivakalayo ezinokwaneza iimfuno ezininzi ngezimali ezifumanekayo ngokuvisisana emva kweengxoxo okanye ngokulawula iinkqubo zothetha-thethwano zokuhlangabezana.
I-IDP ayiwumiseli lo mngeni kodwa I-IDP izama ukubonelela ngeqonga lengxoxo elifanelekileyo nendlela ecwangciswe kakuhle yokujongana nalo mngeni uxeliweyo. Indlela yokwenza ye-IDP, ngokuba yindlela yocwangciso olunobuchule, ingabonwa njengenkqubo yokusombulula impixano. Ngokubonelela ngenkqubo ecwangciswe kakuhle nesekuhleni yothatho-zigqibo, oku kuya kunceda kufumaneke izisombululo ezamkelekileyo ngexesha elinikiweyo, khon' ukuze koyiswe uninzi loonomji bokwenza izigqibo abathi balibazise ufezekiso lwezithembiso.
Ukongeza kule ndlela icwangciswe kakuhle icetyiswayo kule ncwadana yokufundisa, abaququzeleli abasemgangathweni baya kuba yeyona nto imandla kwiinkqubo zeengcebiso ekwenzeni izigqibo. Ngaphezu koko, izisombululo ezifanelekileyo zingafuna inkqubo yengxoxo ebanzi, equka abantu abanolwazi nezakhono bangaphandle namanye amacandelo karhulumente ngaphandle kwabo banebango bengingqi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu umgangatho wesithili ucetywa ukuba ube liqonga lengxoxo elimmandla kwinkqubo enobuchule yokwenza izigqibo. Liqonga lengxoxo elifanelekileyo apho "abantu neendawo " bathi bahlangane "namacandelo kwanemiba", oko kukuthi, apho ulwazi lwengingqi lungadityaniswa nolwazi lwamachule obugcisa.
Indlela yokwenza ebhekiselela kufezekiso.
IziCwangciso zoPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo zilunge kuphela kangangoko zinokunceda ukuphucula ulawulo loomasipala , nokukhawulezisa ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso nophuhliso. Ucwangciso lufanele ukuba yinxalenye yolawulo loomasipala ngokulungiselela izigqibo ngendlela enokwenza ukuba zijikwe zibe zizenzo.
a Izindululo zeprojekthi kufuneka zibambeke, zichaneke, ngokunxulumene nezinto ekujoliswe kuzo ngokobungakanani, ubunjani, ixesha, indawo, iindleko, kunye nee-arhente ezifanele ukuzifezekisa. Oku kuyimfuneko khon'ukuze kubonelelwe ngeenkcukacha ezifunekayo zocwangciso lwemicimbi yee-arhente zofezekiso ezilindelweyo nokuzalisekiswa kweemfuneko zokwamkeleka kwezoo arhente zingaba zezibanika inkxaso-mali.
b I-IDP kufuneka iphononongwe ngocoselelo ukukwazi kwayo ukuvumelana nenkqubo-sakhelo yoovimba bemali kwanezakhono ezikhoyo zamaziko.
c Kufuneka kukho uqhagamshelwano oluluqilima phakathi kocwangciso nenkqubo yohlahlo-lwabiwo -mali.
d Abo bongamele ulawulo lwenkqubo yofezekiso kufuneka badlale indima ephambili kwinkqubo yocwangciso ukuqinisekisa ubunyaniso bezicwangciso nokuphucula isitokhwe sabo.
e Kufuneka kukho isivumelwano esaneleyo phakathi kwabo bangangabasebenzisi, amaqela abemi belizwe abachaphazelekayo nabanye abanebango abanomdla kwiiprojekthi ezicwangcisiweyo ukuphepha ukulibaziseka kufezekiso olunokuba neziphumo zengxabnao. Oko kuthetha ukuba amaqela abemi belizwe abanomdla, mabathabathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokuqulunqa iprojekthi.
Ukuhambelana nezakhelo zoovimba.
Ngenxa yoku, ii-IDP kufuneka zifikelele ngaphaya kokubonelela ngenkqubo-sakhelo yeendlela zobuchule engacacanga neqhelekileyo kucwangciso lweprojekthi oluxelwayo ukuze zibe luncedo njengesixhobo solawulo nocwangciso lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali. Umsebenzi " wenene" wocwangciso olunobuchule awufanelanga kwenziwa emva kokugqitywa kwe-IDP, koko kufuneka ube ngumsebenzi oyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo ye-IDP. Nangona ingezizo zonke iinkcukacha zobugcisa ekungafuneka zibe yinxalenye yoxwebhu lwe-IDP.
Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iinkcukacha zocwangciso ezingenziwa ngethuba locwangciso lwe-IDP. Ezinye iiprojekthi zingafuna izifundo zophando ezineenkcukacha zokuba ziyinto enakho na ukwenzeka, nezithatha ixesha elingaphezulu okanye zifumaneke ngexesha elizayo. Kwiimeko ezinjengezi, izinto ekujoliswe kuzo, iindleko nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali kufuneka zibalelwe phezu koqikelelo oluvakalayo noluqeqeshekileyo. (inqanaba locwangciso lezifundo zophando zokunokwenzeka zangaphambili).
I-IDP yinkqubo yocwangciso ephakathi kwamacandelo kodwa ejolise kucwangciso lwemiba ephambili ingaquka okanye ingangaquki candelo ngalinye. Inganakho ukungenana noxanduva lokucwangcisa, ukuya kuthi ga kwiqondo elithile, nto ke leyo exhomekeke kwimiba ephambili yengingqi njengoyena ndoqo oluphawu olukhokelayo.
Ii-arhente zamacandelo kumasipala, kwanabo baxhomekeke kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente, zineemfuneko zazo zocwangciso, ezinye kuzo zicaciswa luwiso-mthetho. Indlela yokwenza ye-IDP, njengoko izisiwe kule ncwadana yokufundisa, ilungelelaniswe neemfuneko zocwangciso zamacandelo ngendlela yokuba zibe zidityaniswe kwinkqubo ye-IDP.
Ngenxa yoku, iimfuneko zocwangciso lwamacandelo ziya kuqubisana nenkqubo ye- IDP njengoko kucetyisiwe kule ncwadana yokufundisa, apho iimfuneko zocwangciso ezinjalo zithi zinqumlezane nemiba efikelela kwindawo zonke (ezinjengocwangciso lweendawo, kwanemiba yendalo esingqongileyo) nalapho icandelo (okanye inxalenye yalo) inxulumene nemiba ephambili eziziphumo zenkqubo i-IDP. Yiloo miba yeemfuneko zocwangciso lwamacandelo kuphela nengenanto yakwenza nemiba ephambili kamasipala ekuya kujongwana nayo bucala, kule nkqubo iyi-IDP. Oku kuthetha ukuthi kuya kubakho amaqondo okungenana awahlukeneyo, into exhomekeke kwiimeko zokwenzeka ngaxeshanye phakathi kweemfuneko zocwangciso zamaqela kwanemiba ephambili kamasipala. Ukanti ke akuyi kubakho luphinda- phindo lweemfuneko zocwangciso. Kanjalo, kuya kubakho isiseko sokubandakanywa ngokupheleleyo kwee-arhente zamacandelo kwinkqubo yocwangciso, inkxaso-mali nenkqubo yofezekiso ye-IDP.
wonke zingaba ngumba ophambili ngeli lixa ukulondolozwa kwendlela kungengomba uphambili. Isebe lecandelo liya kwenza ucwangciso lwalo lwezithuthi zika wonke-wonke njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-IDP, ngeli lixa iimfuneko zocwangciso ezilindelekileyo ekulondolozeni indlela kufuneka zenziwe ngaphandle kwenkqubo ye-IDP.
Inkqubo ye-IDP: Kukho ukungenana okungabhekanga phi phakathi kweemfuneko zocwangciso lwamacandelo nemiba ephambili ye-IDP. Kwezi meko zinje, abaqeshwa becandelo baya kucelwa ukuba benze amagalelo angabhekanga phi nathe ngqo kwinkqubo ye-IDP.
Indlela yokwenza ye-IDP ebhekiselele kwiziganeko engaquki bugcisa bocwangciso, ifanele ukuba iyenze ibe nokulawuleka, ibe sekuhleni inkqubo yocwangciso, entsonkothileyo, yothetha-thethwano enobuchule nebhekiselele kufezekiso phakathi kwamacandelo. Ubani akamele ukuba angaba ngumcwangcisi onobugcisa noqeqeshiweyo ukuze ayiqonde le ndlela, aze ayiququzelele inkqubo ye-IDP, ngokufanelekileyo. Kodwa ke, umntu angasebenzisa abacwangcisi abaqeqeshiweyo okanye abaququzeleli kumanqanaba athile endlela yokwenza, ukunceda ukuchonga nokuphatha izixhobo zobuchule zocwangciso ezifanelekileyo.
a Kohlulwe iinkcukacha zibe yimiqulwana engqamene neemeko namaqela ekujoliswe kuwo ngqo, oko kukuthi kwiincwadana ezizikhokelo2 ezi-6, ezingasetyenziswa ngokungaxhomekanga enye kwenye, kwakunye b Nokubekwa emgangathweni kokwaziswa kwendlela yosetyenziso yocwangciso Incwadana esisikhokelo yesi-III kwiqondo eliphezulu, ngokwahlula kwakhona indlela yokwenza ibe " Yimisebenzi yoCwangciso" echazwe yacaciswa ngendlela efanayo ukuze kubekho ukufikelela okukhawulezileyo nokungqalileyo kwiinkcukacha ezifunekayo.
Ikunceda ukuba ucwangcise inkqubo yocwangciso.
c Ukuphepha ulwimi olusetyenziswayo kucwangciso kangako unako ngokungacebisi ubuchule bocwangciso obuthe ngqo kwincwadana esisikhokelo yesi-III.
d Ukugxininisa iimfuneko ezilindelekileyo kwisigaba ngasinye kwanemisebenzi yocwangciso ngokwenza njalo wahlule ngokucacileyo phakathi "kokunyanzelekileyo" okubangwa ziimfuneko zomthetho nomgaqo-nkqubo kwaneengcebiso ezinganyanzelisiyo kwabo bafuna iingcebiso ngeendlela zokujongana nemisebenzi yocwangciso ethile.
Yintoni ekufuneka ikho ngenxa yomsebenzi wocwangciso?
Inkqubo / indlela mayibe njani ukuze ifikelele kwiziphumo?
Ngubani oya kongamela abe ngothatha inxaxheba?
Ithatha ixesha elingakanani?
Incwadana esisikhokelo yesi- III, phofu ke, inenkangeleko yencwadana yokufundisa. Oko kukuthi asiyoncwandana inokufundwa ukuqala kwiphepha loku- 1 ukuya ekugqibeleni, khon' ukze ufumane amagqabantshintshi ngokubanzi (kujoliswe kule njongo ngamaGqabantshintshi aQhelekileyo "ukukrwaqula i-IDP"). Luxwebhu ekufuneka lusetyenzisiwe kwinkqubo yocwangciso njengokuba kuyimfuneko oko kukuthi ukukhangela iimpendulo xa kunokuthi kubekho imibuzo. Yenzelwe ukuba kubekho ukufikeleleka ngokukhawuleza kwiinkcukacha ezithe ngqo kwabo bayinxalenye yale nkqubo yocwangciso, ngaphezu kokunika isishwankathelo esifutshane esiquka konke ngokuba ingantoni i-IDP.
Indlela yokwenza ye- IDP yakhiwe "ngemisebenzi yocwangciso" enokusetyenziswa kooMasipala beeNgingqi nabeSithili. Le "misebenzi yocwangciso" mayingaphazanyiswa namanqanaba ocwangciso. Eminye " iMisebenzi yoCwangciso" ziziganeko zocwangciso ekufuneka zenziwe ngokulandelelana okuthile ngeli lixa eminye "iMisebenzi yoCwangciso" inxulumene neendlela zokuqondana nemiba ethile kwaneemfuneko zocwangciso ngelixa locwangciso lweziganeko ezithile okanye phakathi kwazo (umzekelo ukuqubisana nemilinganiselo yendalo esingqongileyo, yendawo, okanye yezoqoqosho xa kuqulunqwa iindlela zobuchule.). Ngamanye amazwi: iMisebenzi yoCwangciso ingaba ngamanqanaba okanye iziganeko ezinokwenziwa. (ezinjengeentlanganiso zokucebisana, izifundo zophando, ukuqokelelwa kweenkcukacha) okanye zingabhekiselela kwiindlela zokuqwalaselwa kwemiba ethile kwinqanaba okanye isiganeko esithile.
a Iziganeko zocwangciso ezicetyiswayo nokulandelelana kwazo.
b Iziphumo zesigaba; kwakunye c " neMisebenzi yoCwangciso" equlethe imiba eza kuqwalaselwa kule nkqubo.
Oku kuya kunceda ngokunika umsebenzisi wencwadana esisikhokelo amagqabantshintshi ngokubanzi enkqubo kwanenkangeleko "yeMisebenzi yoCwangciso".
Iimfuno neengxaki eziphambili zabantu.
Ulwazi ngoovimba obafumanekayo nabafikelelekayo.
Iinkcukacha ezizizo kwingqiqo ephangaleleyo yeentshukumo ezinefuthe kuphuhliso kumasipala.
Uphicotho lwengxaki yothatho-nxaxheba/ukubekwa phambili kwemiba ukunqumlezana kwamacandelo.
Uphicatho olunzulu olunxulumene nemiba eyiyeyona iphambili echongiweyo iintshukumo, oonobangela, oovimba njalo-njalo.
Imiba ephambili / iingxelo zeengxaki.
Ukuqonda ubunjani/ iintshukumo/ izizathu zale miba.
Ulwazi ngoovimba abufumanekayo nezinto ezinokuba (kuquka isakhelo sako konke esilingwayo sezimali).
Iindlela ezizezinye ezinobuchule nokhetho lweendlela zobuchule (kumba ngamnye).
uqhagamshelwano lokufezekiswa kwezithembiso ngokunikeza ithuba lenkqubo yocwangciso lweeprojekthi ecakaciweyo nephathekayo eyenziwe ligqiza lophando leeprojekthi labantu abaqeqeshiweyo kwanabo bachaphazelekayo banebango nabanika izindululo ezinamanani aqikelelweyo ekujoliswe kuwo , imigangatho yobugcisa, iindawo, ixesha noqikelelo lweendleko. Esi sigaba siya kunika iingcaphephe zamacandelo, eyona ndima izifaneleyo kwinkqubo yocwangciso ngokwenza oko zibe negalelo kuqhagamshelwano locwangciso nefezekiso olungenamagingxi-gingxi.
Iziphumo zeeprojekthi, nemiba ekujoliswe kuyo nendawo.
Imisebenzi ephambili, ukumiswa kwexesha.
Abathathi-nxaxheba /ii-arhente ezithembekileyo.
Uqikelelo lweendleko nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali nalapho izimali zingafumaneka khona.
Iqondo lobalulwa nokuchaneka kweziphumo liya kwahluka , njengokuba ezinye iiprojekthi zisenokufuna izifundo zophando ezinzulu ngokunokwenzeka ezisenokungaphatheki ngeli thuba locwangciso lwe-IDP. Uqikelelo olusacetywayo olusekelwe kwizigqibo zangaphambili esingokuyila iiprojekthi, luya kunikezelwa. (inqanaba lokunokwenzeka kwangaphambili).
lukwimiba engundoqo, kukho iiprojekthi zesiqhelo zamasebe aliqela (umzekelo:ukugcinwa emgangathweni) ezifunyaniswa ziyimfuneko nangona zingathathwa njengemiba ephambili.
ze ziphindwe zihlolwe ngokunxulumene neemfuneko zezimali zalo miba ingundoqo neprojekthi/inkqubo ezizalana nazo okanye.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo zocwangciso lweeprojekthi ziya kuphononongwa ukungqinelana kwazo nombono, iinjongo , iindlela zobuchule noovimba nokuba ezi zinto ziya kungqinelaniswa.
Inkqubo yongqinelaniso iya kuzala inkqubo-sakhelo ezinzisiweyo yendawo, izimali neyamaziko njengesiseko esilungileyo sofezekiso olungenanamagingxi-gingxi.
Ukuziswa kwezindululo zeprojekthi kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP kwakunye nengxoxo.
Uhlaziyo ngamaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi.
Ukuqulunqwa kwezindululo ezihlaziyiweyo.
Inkqubo yeminyaka emi-5 yotyalo-mali ezinkulu (yonke imithombo yezimali).
Isicwangciso samaziko solawulo lofezekiso.
Ukunxulumanisa nezicwangciso zamacandelo.
Iziphumo zezicwangciso zamacandelo ezimelwe ukubuyiselwa kwinkqubo yeIDP.
Isicwangciso loLawulo lweNtlekele.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba, phambi kokwamkelwa liBhunga likaMasipala, bonke abafanelekileyo abanebango nabanomdla, kuquka nawo onke amacandelo karhulumente, banikwe ithuba lokuvakalisa izimvo zabo ngesicwangciso esisayilwayo, nto ke leyo eya kunika isicwangciso esamkelweyo isiseko esilungileyo nesisemthethweni, inkxaso kwanokulungela oko.
Ukunika ithuba lezimvo zikawonke-wonke.
Izilungiso ezihambelana nezimvo.
Ulwamkelo liBhunga likamasipala.
Ulungelelwano kumgangatho wesithile: Ukulungelelana okunabileyo.
Ukuvavanywa kokuhambelana ngokomthetho.
Izilungiso kunye/okanye impendulo ngamBhunga engingqi.
Ulwamkelwa lokugqibela libhunga.
ISIPHUMO: Isicwangciso esihlangeneyo soPhuhliso esilungisiweyo nesamkelweyo.
Isiphumo Sokugqibela: Uxwebhu lwe- IDP oluxhaswa lulawulo lukaMasipala, abahlali bakamasipala, iBhunga lesithili nawo onke amacandelo ee-arhente awongamele ufezekiso lweenkqubo neeprojekthi ezikumhlaba ophantsi kukamasipala ngokwasemthethweni kulawulo nezamkelweyo liBhunga likamasipala.
Bekusoloko kukho ukubhideka malunga nolwabiwo lwemisebenzi phakathi koomasipala besithili nabengingqi (TLC's, TRC's) kwinkqubo ye-LDO/IDP. Ingaba izithili zimelwe kukuba zibheke phambili ngocwangciso zize zimilisele inkqubo-sakhelo yezicwangciso njengesiseko socwangciso kwinqanaba lengingqi Okanye inqnaaba lengingqi kufanele ukuba liqhubela phambili kuqala na, liyekele kwiziThili ukuvelisa izicwangciso ezimanyeneyo nezizinzisiweyo phezu kwesiseko sezicwangciso zengingqi?
Inkqubo yokumiswa kwemida iye yaba nesiphumo kutshintsho ekwabiweni kwemisebenzi nolwalamano phakathi kooMasipala beziThili neeNgingqi. Ngaphambili, iindima zala manqanaba omabini bezinganxibelelani kakhulu. Izithili kakhulu bekulindeleke ukuba zincede ezo ndawo bebengafikeleli kuzo oomasipala bengingqi. Ngaphandle koko oomasipala besithili benza ucwangciso ngokomlinganiselo wemimandla nofezekiso lwenkqubo. Ngoku kuza kuba kho oomasipala abathatha imimandla ebanzi. Ngaphandle nje kwendawo zolawulo lwezithili, izithili ziyakongamela iindawo ezifanayo noloo loomasipala bengingqi. Ukwabelana ngoxanduva lwendawo eziphantsi kolawulo olufanayo kudinga intsebenziswano, endaweni yokusebenza uwedwa ecaleni kwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo.
Oku kunezinto ezirheshwayo kule nkqubo ye-IDP. Ngokomthetho wemiButho kaMasipala noMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala, omabini, la manqwanqwa orhulumente wengingqi kufuneka acacise inkqubo ye-IDP njengenxalenye nesixhobo esingundoqo kulawulo nokufezekiswa kwezithembiso. Ukunqanda uphinda-phindo lomsebenzi, ezi nkqubo zimbini zocwangciso kufuneka zalamane ngokusondeleleneyo. Uyilo lolwalamano nokwabiwa kwemisebenzi eluxanduva kufanele ukuba kuqwalasele izinto ezine ezifunekayo.
Uphicotho nokubekwa phambili kweemfuno neengxaki kufuneka kwenziwe ngenkqubo yothatho-nxaxheba, ebandakanya uluntu lwengingqi nabo banebango. Iinkcukacha malunga nezikhewu kwiinkonzo nakwiimfuno ezingakho, kufuneka zibe nendawo ezijolise kuyo. Oku, ke ngoko, kufuneka kwenziwe ngooMasipala beNgingqi, abona basondeleyo kubahlali.
OoMasipala beNgingqi nabo besiThili bafuna ezabo iinkqubo zocwangciso namaxwebhu abo ocwangciso ukuba kulindelike ukuba i-IDP ibe negalelo kwinguqu yamaziko nokuba imele ukwazisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali loomasipala nezicwangciso zokusebenza. Ngoko ke, isicwangciso esinye senqanaba lesithili sazo zonke izinto ezikhoyo zikarhulumente wengingqi ngaphakathi kwesithili asiyi kwanela ukwenza i-IDP ibe sisixhobo esivakalayo sophuhliso ngurhulumente wengingqi.
Kukho iinkqubo zobuchule zocwangciso kwaneenkqubo zokuthatyathwa kwesigqibo ezifanayo kubo bonke oomasipala, nezifuna uququzelelo olukwiqondo eliphezulu nobuchule obuvunyiweyo kwizakhono kwanokubandakanyeka kweengcali zamacandelo ezivela kwinqanaba lePhondo. Uciciyelo lweendlela zobuchule lungcono lwenziwe namagosa amaphondo kwinqanaba leziThili.
Intsebenziswano engenamagingxi-gingxi phakathi komasipala bengingqi abameleneyo, naphakathi kweengingqi nezithili.
Kwisigaba soku-1, isigaba sophicotho, uhlolo nokuchongwa kwemiba yothatho- nxaxheba, ugxininiso lwenkqubo yocwangciso luya kuba kwingingqi, ngeli xa amaBhunga eziThili angenza uphicotho olumalunga nemiba yemimmandla ngokobubanzi (kodwa angangeni kwinkqubo enobunzulu yothatho-nxaxheba ngokwawo).
Kwisigaba sesi- 2, isigaba sokwenza ngobuchule, kuya kujoliswa ngokomgaqo, kwinqanaba lesithili ukanti kusenokuba kho imiba ethile ejolise engingqini eyakufuna iindlela zobuchule ezizodwa zengingqi. Oomasipala bengingqi bamele ukumenyelwa kwintlanganiso zokucebisana zeendlela zobuchule ngomba ngamnye ongundoqo, baxoxe bedibene ngezona ndlela zobuchule zifanelekileyo zokusombulula iingxaki. Ingcali zamaphondo nezikazwelonke nabanye abantu abanolwazi nezakhono abaphuma ekuhlaleni, bangamenywa nabo bangenelele kule nkqubo, eya kuququzelelwa ngabasebenzi benqanaba lesiThili kumaziko ePIMS. Lo ngumhlaba apho "abantu neendawo bahlangana khona namacandelo kunye nemicimbi".
Kwisigaba sesi- 3, isigaba socwangciso lweprojekthi, uhlobo ngalunye lukamasipala kuya kufuneka luzilungiselele ngokukodwa, oko kukuthi, ukuguqula iindlela zobuchule zibe ziiprojekthi eziphathekayo zengingqi, eziya kuthi zinike iinkcukacha malunga nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali nezicwangciso zomsebenzi.
Kukwanjalo nakwisigaba sesi -4 ("Uhlanganiso") apho oomasipala bengingqi nabesithili baya kuphonononga baze bazinzise izindululo zeeprojekthi ukuze kufikelelwe kwizicwangciso neenkqubo ezihlangeneyo, njengesiseko senkqubo yabo yolawulo.
Kwisigaba sesi- 5 (Ulwamkelo), izithili ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kumacala onke ngokunabileyo (imiba enqumla imida) nangentsebenziswano esuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi.
Ucwangciso kwenginqi nolwesithili luya kwenziwa ngaxeshanye kodwa kunxityelelwane ngemvisiswano endaweni yokuba lube calanye lusuka ezantsi (phezulu) lusiya phezulu (ezantsi) okanye lusuka phezulu lusiya ezantsi.
1 Ukuqokelelwa kolwazi 2 Umsebenzi obhalwayo...
2 Iintlanganiso zokucebisana zoluntu /abanebango 4 a Iintlanganiso yeQonga...
IQonga laBameli Ingcali olubanzi. Uphicotho lwendawo zokuququzelela uqoqosho lwezentlalo.
3 Izikhokelo zeendlela 1 Iintlanganiso zokucebisana Ingcali zobuchule zengingqi.
Ziya kwenziwa ngaxesha nye nezinye imisebenzi zocwangciso; akukho mfuneko yexesha elahlukileyo.
Abavimba bangabonelelwa ngumasipala okanye baqeshwe kumaziko azi- PIMS okanye iifemu zokucebisana, oko kuxhomekeke kwizakhono zabasebenzi ezifakelelwe njengenxalenye yobume bukamasipala. Izinto eziyimfuneko zinxulumene noluhlu lwezakhono ezahlukeneyo kwaye azinakho ukuba zingaqwalaselwa nangayiphi na indlela, ngumcebisi oyedwa.
Ubungakanani buxhomekeke ubukhulu nobuncinane bukamasipala nakuhlobo lwemiba ekhoyo.
Uhlobo/imo nesiqulatho soxwebhu lwe- IDP (ngaphandle kwezo ziqulatho ezimiselwa kumthetho wesixokelelwano sikamasipala) ziphantsi kobulumko bukamasipala ngamnye. Kungoko, uluhlu lweziqualtho kufuneka zingemiselwa.
Uluhlu lweziqulatho, kunjalo, lusisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu sokunika ingcamango yendlela enokukhangeleka ngayo i-IDP . Le mizekelo ilandelayoinganceda ukufumana ulivo, kodwa inganqandi namnye ekuphuhliseni ezakhe iingcamango zokuyila.
3 Imiba engundoqo ngendlela ebonwa ngayo ngumasipala.
nokulingana nokulingana ngesini.
8 Uphicotho lwamaziko: Ukomelelal nokubabuthathaka kolawulo lukamasipala.
lwengxelo zohlalutyo olunzulu.
3 Iinjongo nobuchulebombangamnye ongundoqo kuquko injongo, ubutyebi obufumanekayo, amacebo angamanye aqwalaselwayo uhlobo kwanobuchule obucetyiweyo.
5 Isishwankathelo soluhlu lweeprojekthi ezichongiweyo.
10 isixokelelwano sokuqwalasela nokuhanjiswa kolwazi (2 - 3)...
3 Ukudityaniswa kokuqokelelwa kolwazi olukhoyo nophicotho loluntu nabo babandakanyekayo.
6 Ukwahlulwa ngokwezentlalo noqoqosho/ulingano ngokwesini.
7 Ukuchongwa kwemiba ephambili kamasipala.
9 Uphicotho olunzulu lwemiba engundoqo: Izikhokelo eziluhlobo oluthile zolungelelaniso lwamacandelo.
10 Ukuzinziswa kweziphumo zophicotho.
Ukujolisa Kwisigaba soku -1 oomasipala bajongana neemeko ezikhoyo. Owona mngeni ungamandla kulawulo lukamasipala kwisigaba sophicotho kukujolisa kwizinto ezibalulekileyo zemiba ethile. Ngaphambili abacwangcisi bebethanda ukuqokelela zonke iintlobo zeenkcukacha ngendlela equka konke. Zinzame ezinexabiso eliphezulu nezingeyomfuneko eziya kuphelela kumathala eencwadi, eziye zanegalelo kwimbono ethe ndii yokuba ucwangciso yinto engenamsebenzi kwimeko zeemfuneko ezingxamisekileyo namajelo anqongopheleyo.
Ukubonelela ngeenkcukacha eziluncedo zolawulo Ukuqwalasela i -IDP njengenkqubo yolawulo oluhlangeneyo kuthetha ukuba makubuzwe ukuba zinkcukacha zini kwiimeko ezikhoyo eziyimfuneko ukuze kufikelelwe kwizigqibo ezizizo zolawulo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuthatha isigqibo ngeenkukacha eziyimfuneko kuxhomekeke kulawulo lukamasipala, hayi kubacwangcisi abaqeqeshiweyo okanye kwimithetho yephondo.
Zintoni iziphumo ezilindelekileyo zesiGaba soPhicotho Ngamanye amazwi, oomasipala kufuneka babe nalwazi luni ukuze bafikelele kwizigqibo ezinobuchule nezijolise kufezekiso ngendlela eyiyo yokusetyenziswa koovimba babo abanqongopheleyo UMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala awunamiqathango uyibekileyo kulo mba. Ufuna kuphela uhlolo lomgangatho wophuhliso olukhoyo, kuquka ukuchongwa koluntu olungafikeleliyo kwiinkonzo zikamasipala ezisisiseko?
Ezi nkcukacha zifanele ukwenza ukuba umasipala akwazi ukuthatha isigqibo ngemiba engundoqo okanye iingxaki, ngokoqwalaselo lweembono zabahlali/zoluntu ngeenkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo.
Abathathi-zigqibo bakwamasipala kufuneka babe nolwazi malunga nohlobo olubambekayo lwale miba ingundoqo okanye iingxaki ezifana neendlela, iimeko, unobangela neziphumo ezingqamene nale miba ukuze kuthathwe izigqibo ezineenkcukacha ezanelisayo kwizisombululo ezizizo (endaweni yokunyanga iimpawu).
Abathathi-zigqibo bakwamasipala kufuneka babe nokuqonda ngezinto ezinexabiso noovimba abakhoyo abanokufikelelwa kwanemiqobo koovimba, phambi kokuthatha izigqibo ngeendlela zobuchule.
Iinkcukacha ngoovimba abakhoyo abafumanekayo, noovimba abanokustyenziswa nezinto zexabiso.
Kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezinokulandelwa ukuze kufikelelwe kwezi ziphumo.
Kubalulekile ukwazi iimbono zabahlali ngeemfuno zabo (jonga Umsebenzi woCwangciso 1/2). Kodwa kukwabalulekile ukwaziswa ziinkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo umzekelo, ngezikhewu zeenkonzo okanye ngokunqongophala kwengqesho (jonga Umsebenzi woCwangciso 1/1). Izigqibo ezizizo azinakuxhomekeka kwiimbono nakwiinkcukacha eziqokelelweyo zamanani kuphela. Kufuneka kuqwalaselwe zombini ezi zinto, zithelekiswe zombini, ukuze kunxulunyaniswe omabini amajelo eenkcukacha elinye nakwelinye, ukufikelela kumfanekiso opheleleyo nobonisa izinto ngobunjalo bazo. (jonga Umsebenzi woCwangciso 1/3).
Kukho imfuneko yokujonqa imeko, ingekuko ngokweembono zoluntu nabo banebango kuphela, kodwa nangokweembono zikamasipala ngokubanzi. Imiba ebalulekileyo kumasipala ingaphaya kweemfuno zoluntu nezamaqela abanebango zidibene. Kungakho iintlobo zonke zemiba ephumelayo efana nokungena kwenyambalala yabemi , ukukekela kwezoqoqosho, iingxaki ezinxulumene nesifo sikagawulayo iHIV/AIDS, iinkqubo zolawulo ezixakayo kwaneengxaki zokusingqongileyo, konke oku kusenokungaveli kuphicotho lwengingqi. Kungoko sicebisa ukuba kubekho ucwangciso olulodwa olukumgangatho kamasipala ukuchonga nokuphicotha imiba elolu hlobo.
Uphicothoo malungohlulwa-hlulwa ngokwamacandelo. Ukuba kunokubanjalo, ukucinga ngokwamacandelo kuya kudala uludwe olubanzi lwemiba, kunokuqwalasela kwimiba etshisayo eviwa ngabantu.
Uphicotho lwemeko ngokwembono ezinqumlezanayo...
Uphicotho lwezentlalo noqoqosho olujolise ngokukodwa kwimeko yentlupheko kwiyantlukwano ngokwesini nemiba efana neyesifo sikagawulayo i-HIV/AIDS, luyafuneka njengesiseko sokufikelela kwindlela yobuchule yophuhliso equkayo ehambisana nezikhokelo zemigaqo-nkqubo kazwelonke yokutshabalalisa intlupheko nolinganiso ngokwesini (Umsebenzi wocwangciso 1/6).
Abanye oomasipala (ngakumbi iCandelo A no C) bangagqiba lwelokuba benze uphicotho olucwangcisiweyo lwamacandelo anqumlezanayo nolwemilinganiselo yezoqoqosho, yokusingqongileyo neyamaziko (Imisebenzi yocwangciso 1/4a-c) Njengoko oku kungaba ngamabhongo, kusenokungafikeleleki ngakumbi kumacandelo amancinane oomasipala, afana neCandelo B, asikucebisi oku ukuba kungenziwa okwangoku. Endaweni yoko sicebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe indlela yokwenza ejolise kwimiba ngaphakathi "kuphicotho olubanzi lukaMasipala" (1/4) olusebenzisa ulwazi olufumanekayo ngendlela eyiyo (kuquka izifundo zophando ezenziweyo) noluya kuxhomekeka kwiintekelelo ezivunyiweyo endaweni yophicotho oluchanekileyo.
Iinkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo ezaziwayo ezisiseko ngenkqubo yamaziko, ngeemeko zezoqoqosho nemiba yokusingqongileyo, bekumele ukuba sele iqukiwe "kuqulunkqo lweenkcukacha ezikhoyo" (1/1).
Ukumisa izinto Owona mngeni ungamandla kwisiGaba ngendlela soPhicotho kukuthatha inyathelo kwingqokelela yophicotho olwenziwe kumanqanaba nakwiindawo ezohlukeneyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, zibe kuludwe oluzinzisiweyo lwemiba engundoqo eyenza ubulungisa kubo bonke ababandakanyekayo nakuwo onke amajelo eenkcukacha. Olu luqulunkqo, uhlanganiso novumelelwaniso lweenkcukacha olufuna ukwenziwa phambi kokuba iQonga LeeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP lingafikelela kuludwe lwemiba engundoqo eneenkcukacha ezizizo nezilungileyo ngendlela engafihlakelanga.
Emva kokuba imiba engundoqo kuvunyelwene ngayo, kungenzeka ukuba uhlobo lwemiba okanye imilinganiselo yayo ayicacanga mpela.
mali. Ulwazi olunjalo lubalulekile kakhulu ekufumaneni izisombululo ezizizo.
Iinkcukacha ezifunyenwe ngethuba lesiGaba soPhicotho ziphathelelene ngamandla kwabo bathathi-nxaxheba bathe banendima kwinkqubo eqhubekayo yocwangciso nothatho lwezigqibo. Oku kuthetha ukuba, kufuneka zishwankathelwe zibe nokufumaneka zisityenziswe kwisiGaba sesi-2 (Umsebenzi woCwangciso 1/10) Ukuguqula ingxoxo: Ziinkcukacha ezisetyenziswa kumanqanaba aphambili kwinkqubo ye -IDP kuphela ekululutho ukuziqokelela. Ngoku ke umbuzo wolawulo othi " Oku sifuna ukukwazela njongo zini " ufanele ukukhokela yonke imisebenzi kwisiGaba soku -1?
Endaweni yokuqulunqa iinkcukacka esele zikho (umsebenzi 1/1) nokuqwalasela umgangatho wophicotho woluntu nowabanebango (umsebenzi 1/2) kwiindidi zamacandelo ahlukeneyo nangalungelelaniswanga, oomasipala bamele ukuzama ukuhlanganisa konke oku ndaweni nye. Olu phicotho alufani neemeko zakudala ezibanzi nezinenkcitho. Luchongiwe lajoliswa okanye langqaliselwa ngamalungelo aphambili amiselwe kwinkqubo ye-IDP. Isigaba sophicotho se-IDP singahlangabezana noluhlu lweemeko zexesha elidlulileyo zamacandelo neemfuneko zophicotho eziluhlobo oluqhelekileyo olunjengobalo lwabantu abahleliyo nababhubhileyo, inkcazelo emfutshane ngabathengi, uphicotho lwemiqobo yoovimba nabantu abanokusebenza. Le miba yocwangciso iqhelekileyo nenokuphindwa kabini ifanele ukuhlanganiswa "kuqulunqo lweenkcukacha ezikhoyo" 1/1 kwakunye nokuchongwa kwezikhewu zeenkonzo ezinxulumene necandelo elo kwimeko yenkonzo ezisisiseko. Isigqibo sokuba ubugcisa bezinto ezifunekayo zamacandelo bungabandankanywa na okanye hayi ngaphathi kuPhicotho oluNzulu 1/8 okanye ziqwalaselwe ngokwahlukeneyo ngaxeshanye kuya kuxhomekeka ekuphatheleleni kwecandelo malunga neMiba enguNdoqo kamasipala.
Ulungelelaniso lwecandelo lukwabonisa imfuneko yokwandisa uqwalaselo lophicotho lwemiqobo yoovimba ngaphaya kwemiba yamandla ezimali nabantu ukuquka namajelo endalo afana namanzi umhlaba kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Imbono yeli candelo nobuchule obunxulumene nayo, ifanele ukubandakanywa kwinqanaba lophicotho lukamasipala (1/4) nakuphicotho olunzulu (1/8 no 1/9).
nakwinkqubo emelene kunye nayo kolu phicotho (nakwizigaba ezilandelayo).
unika isikhokelo malunga noku.
INJONGO Ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abadlali abathath' inxaxheba kwinkqubo yocwangciso banolwazi kwaye bayafikelela kwiinkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo eziziseko ezinxulumene nemeko ekuyiyo, iindlela neentshukumo,. Oku kuya kuba negalelo ekuchongeni izisombululo ngobunjalo bazo, noqwalaselo olululo lweemfuno zokwenene noovimba abakhoyo.
Amanani asisiseko abazelweyo nababhubhileyo.
Amanqanaba eenkonzo nezikhewu zeenkonzo zeenkonzo zonke zikawonke- wonke ezisisiseko zendawo, amaqela athile ekujoliswe kuwo neemfuno ezisisiseko.
Uhlolo lwemeko ekhoyo lwenzelwe ukuba luphelele kuqulunqo okanye uhlaziyo lweenkcukacha ezikhoyo. Oku akufanelanga kuquka luphando lunxulumene neenkcukacha ezingaziwayo.
Kufuneka lunike amagqabantshintshi akhawulezileyo eenkcukacha ezilungela oko, oku kukuthi umntu akafanele ukukhetha loo nto ibalulekileyo kucwangciso nakuthatho-zigqibo.
Uvimba wolwazi umele ukunika ubungqina beengxaki umz.
noovimba anokunceda ekusombululeni ezo ngxaki.
Iinkcukacha zimelwe ukubekwa endaweni zohlulwe ngamaqela ebemi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Iimfuno zovimba wolwazi zamacandelo kweli nqanaba zifanele ukuqwalaselwa kuphela kangangoko kuyimfuneko ukuchonga izikhewu zeenkonzo kwaye ulwazi lwee-arhente zamacandelo lumele ukusetyenziswa kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Izikhewu zeenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zimele ukuchongwa.
Onke amagosa obugcisa oomasipala amele ukuqulunqa uvimba wolwazi kwimiba yabo yemisebenzi.
Ii-arente zamacandelo amaphondo nakazwelonke zimele ukuchwechwelwa ukuze zinike ulwazi kumalungiselelo aluncedo neenkonzo.
Abacebisi abafuneki nganto ekuqulunqeni uvimba nolwazi ololo hlobo.
Imfuno zolwazi zokwenziwa kwezigqibo ezifanelekileyo zidla ngokuqikelelwa ngaphaya komlinganiselo. Kwimiba apho ulwazi olululo lungekhoyo, iingqikelelo zabantu abaqeqeshiweyo zinganceda ukufumanisa ingqiqo ephilileyo ngobunjalo bemeko.
Kungcono ulunge nokuba akucacanga kunokungalungi mpela!
Iintshukumo zabemi kunganzima ukuzilinganisa ubuninzi bazo. Ukuba akukho manani ohlaziyiweyo makuchongwe iindlela ezibalulekileyo.
Makusetyenziswe iimephu kwiinkcukacha zeepatheni zokuhlaliswa kwabantu ezindaweni nokumiswa kweenkonzo zikawonke-wonke.
nxaxheba imele ukunceda abahlali baqonde ukubaluleka kwee-IDP ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi babo.
Isishwankathelo/izishwankath-elo zeemfuneko ezingundoqo zabahlali/uluntu/nabanebango ezohlulwe yindawo, iindidi zezentlalo kwanesini.
nokubakhuthaza ngegalelo labo.
Ukusekwa kweQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Ukunika uluntu nabanebango ithuba lokubamba iintlanganiso okanye iintlanganiso zokucebisana ngexesha ekuvunyelwene ngalo ngolwimi oluhambisana neemfuno zesininzi sabantu uthathela ingqalelo ukubandakanyeka kwabantu abangafundanga.
imibutho yabanebango namaqela ahlelelekileyo.
Ukwazisa amalungu ngenkqubo namigaqo nkqubo malunga nokuthatha inxaxheba okufunwayo.
Ukubanika ithuba elingange nyanga enye ukuququzelela iindibano kwimimandla yabo okanye namalungu abo.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko, banike isikhokelo ngendlela yokuququzelela iindibano ezilolo hlobo.
IQonga laBameli le -IDP iqumrhu elingundoqo elongamele le nkqubo yokuthath' inxaxheba elungelelanisiweyo.
Ooceba neekomiti zeziphaluka ngabadlali ababalulekileyo ukuququzelela inxaxheba yoluntu.
Amagunye eeNkosi, mawaqwalaselwe njengabanebango ababalulekileyo kwimimandla yasemaphandleni.
Abantu abanolwazi abathile okanye amagqwetha/abameli: amele ukonyulwa ukuze kuqwalaselwe iimfuno zamaqela angekho phantsi kwemibutho ehlelelekileyo. angamelwanga ngendlela afanelekileyo.
Kufanele ukuba kubekho indlela zokukhuthaza iintlanganiso zokucebisana ezilulutho.
Inkqubo ephakanyisiweyo iyavumelana nazo zonke iimfuneko zocwangciso lwamacandelo.
Ukubekwa ngokubaluleka kweengxaki/iimfuno kubalulekile.
Ingxaki/ iimfuno ezingundoqo zifanele ukucaciswa ngokunika iinkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo ubungakanani, ubunjani, amaqela achaphazelekayo, iindawo, ixesha, imilinganiselo.
Xela oovimba babahlali/boluntu/ abanebango namaphulo abo ngokunxulumene nengxaki nganye okanye imfuno nganye engundoqo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweemfuno ezingundoqo, khangela, umsebenzi wocwangciso 1/7.
Kusetyenziswa iinkcukachai esezikho ngexesha lophicotho lwenqanaba loluntu nolwabanebango, khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 1/3.
Yeyiphi inyaniso ebalulekileyo?
kwanakwabo bayinxalenye yeengxoxo zokucebisana bethatha inxaxheba njengabaququzeleli okanye abantu abanolwazi nezakhono.
Kwezi ntlanganiso zokucebisana zoluntu nabanebango abathathi-nxaxheba baqubisana neenkcukacha ezivela kuphicotho olusekelwe kwidatha/iinkcukacha kwimeko apho idatha zibonakalisa into ukuchasana neendlela abantu abazibona ngayo iingxaki zabo.
Iziphumo zophicotho loluntu/nabanebnago zicaciselwa abo bongamele "Ingqokelela yeeNkcukacha ezikhoyo", ukubanika ithuba lokuphonononga xa kunokuthi kubekho iinkcukacha ezichaseneyo.
Amalungiselelo amaziko acetyiswayo/iimfanelo zamaziko.
Abo bongamele Ingqokelela yeenkcukacha ezikhoyo abaquka (amagosa obugcisa) kufuneka baye kwiintlanganiso zeQonga lengxoxo labameli le- IDP.
Amagosa ongamele iindawo ezithile zommandla okanye amaqela entlalo noqoqosho (umz ootitshala amagosa ezempilo) kufuneka aye kwiintlanganiso zoluntu okanye ezabanebango.
Ukucela umngeni ngemiba ekhoyo neyinene kungundoqo ekuzuzeni iziphumo ezinobunyani ezichanekileyo kwinkqubo yothatho-nxaxheba.
Idatha ayinakho ukuba inike ubungqina obaneleyo ngeengxaki. Indlela abantu abazibona ngayo izinto, ingabonakalisa iingxaki ezingabonakaliswa yidatha. Oomabini amajelo eenkcukacha kufuneka adityanise.
Nomasipala kwanokungatshitshi kwakhe xa ewonke.
Ukuchongwa kweendlela ezisingiseleyo , iintshukumo kwaneengxaki ezinxulumene noko ezichaphazela ummandla kamasipala kwanorhulumente kamasipala ephela.
Ukuchongwa koovimba obafumanekayo, amathuba amahle othelekiso kwanamaphulo kummandla kamasipala kwanakurhulumente kamasipala ukujongana nezi ngxaki.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kweQonga leNgxoxolabameli le- IDP kwanabanye abantu abanolwazi lwezoqoqosho, ezokusingqongileyo, ezamaziko kwaneendlela ezisingisele entlalweni.
Iingcebiso malunga nokuqulunqa Ngeli lixa inkqubo yengxoxo kufuneka iziphumo ijolise kwimiba ebambekayo kunokuba yenziwe ngokunxulumene nemilinganiselo efana nezoqoqosho, intlalo, amaziko kwanezokusingqongileyo ukubhalwa phantsi kweziphumo zophicotho kufuneka kubekwe ngaphantsi kwezihloko zemiba ezifana nezi Ezoqoqosho, okungqongileyo njalo-njalo.
nxaxheba / uhlolo lweemfuno oluqhubekayo kwinqanaba loluntu nelabanebango kufuneka kubekho iingxoxo zokucebisana kwinqanaba likamasipala. Kwezi ngxoxo zokucebisana, imiba ephambili ngokobubanzi bukamasipala kufuneka ichongwe oko kukuthi ukudalwa kwengqesho, intlawulo yeenkonzo, ugawulayo I-HIV , imbalela, ungenelelo, nohlaziyo kwezolawulo. Makujongwane nayo ngalo maqela axoxayo. Imiba le ingashwankathelwa ekuhambeni kwethuba phantsi kwezi zihloko zifana nezoqoqosho ezokusingqongileyo, ezentlalo, kwanemiba yamaziko. thelekisa nemisebenzi yocwangciso 1/4 a-c.
Abantu abanolwazi ngemiba edl' umzi ingakumbi owe-HIV , ukuqinisekisa ukuba imiba eyingxaki neyindaba yakwamkhozi ayityeshelwa.
Amalungu eQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP mawasoloko emenywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwemiba engqamene noluntu nabanebango kwanaleyo iyimiba eyakhelwe phezu kweminye ithathelwe ingqalelo.
Abaququzeleli abanamava nabamenywe ukuze balungise baququzelele, babhale phantsi ngezi ngxoxo zokucebisana.
Ukuqinisekisa ingxoxo kwimiba yobunyani musa ukwahlula kwakhona inkqubo yophicotho, nto ke leyo esisandulela kwimilinganiselo kwizinto ezine, "okusungqongileyo, ezoqoqosho, ezentlalo kwanezamaziko."
Oomasipala abakudidi u- A no- C kwanabo bangomasipala akudidi u -C abanoovimba abangcono bangenza izifundo zophando zophicotho lokusingqongileyo, ezoqoqosho, ezentlalo, ezamaziko njengenxalenye yophicotho kwinkqubo ye-IDP. Kungenjalo banganakho ukusebenzisa izifundo esele zikho. Izithili kufuneka zenze uphicotho lwezoqoqosho nezokusungqongileyo ngokokubanzi bezithili ukulungiselela bonke oomasipala bengingqi kwimimandla yabo (Jonga kwi-1/4a -c). Koomasipala abancinci nabanooviimba abanqongopheleyo, iindlela zokwenza zophicotho ezicwangciswe kakuhle zikhangeleka zingumqweno kwaye azifikeleleki, (ngaphandle kokuba ziphiwe imali zii-arhente zangaphandle.) Kufuneka balusebenzise kangangoko ulwazi olufumanekayo kwanamava, kwangokunjalo, kwaneentekelelo zolwazi nobuchule, ukuba zingakho kuphicotho kwinqanaba lezithili.
Ukuqonda ngoovimba obasebenzisekayo kwezoqoqosho nemiqobo yoko.
INJONGO: Ukuqininisekisa ukuba ubuchule bophuhliso lukamasipala neeprojekthi bubaqwalasela oovimba abasebenzisekayo kwezoqoqosho kwanemiqobo yoko.
Iinkcukacha/idatha yezoqoqosho Ingqesho amacandelo oqoqosho angundoqo.
Iindlela ezingundoqo zoqoqosho ukukhula, ukuhla kwamacandelo.
Oovimba kwezo qoqosho oovimba obangasetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo.
Imiqobo engundoqo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho.
Ukulungiswa kophicotho kwezoqoqosho ngumsebenzi obhalwayo sisiganeko esiyintlanganiso yokucebisana.
Inkoliso yoomasipala abangekhe bakwazi ukwenza uphando kwezoqoqosho khon' ukuze bafumane iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu njengenxalenye yenkqubo yabo ye-IDP. Ukuba kukho iimfuno engxamisekileyo yeenkcukacha ezingaphezulu kophicotho olunzulu nolungaphezulu, oomasipala bengingqi mabasebenzisane noomasipala besithili baze baqale uphicotho olubanzi lwesithile, kwimiba engundoqo kwezoqoqosho nebangi mdla oqhelekileyo. (Malwenziwe njengenxalenye yemisebenzi yocwangciso 1/9).
Ukuqokelelwa kweencukacha/idatha yoqoqosho ekhoyo kungenziwa ngamagosa obugcisa, oko kusekelwe kwingxelo ezifumanekayo kwanokucebisana nabanebango kwanee-arhente ezingabakhuthaza izinto ezithengiswayo.
Ukubonelelwa ngeenkcukacha ezintsha makwenziwe ngokobubanzi besithili: kwaye kungaqaliswa ngamabhunga ezithili, ngaphandle kokuba oomasipala abaphantsi kodidi-B babona kuyimfuneko kwaye banezakhono zokwenza izifundo zophando ezithe ngqo kwindawo zabo.
Abanebango kwezoqoqosho kwanabo bangaziincutshe kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP, mabafakwe bathathe inxaxheba.
Musa ukwenza uphicotho lwezoqoqosho isihloko sentlanganiso yokucebisana okanye isihloko samaqela asebenza ingokuhlangana ngamaxesha athile. Amaqela okusebenza mawujoliswe kwimiba (efana nentswela-ngqesho) kunokunikezela ngeenkcukacha.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuchule bophuhliso bukamasipala neeprojekthi ezikhoyo buqwalasela iingxaki nezinto ezoyikisayo zokusingqongileyo kwanezinto zexabiso zokusingqongileyo ezifuna ukhuselo okanye ulawulo okunemikhala.
Uluhlu lweengxaki ezingundoqo ezikhoyo zokusingqongileyo kwanenkcazelo emfutshane yeengxaki nganye (indawo, abantu abachaphazelekayo, ubungakanani bengxaki, izizathu).
Uluhlu lweezinto ezoyikekayo ezingundoqo zokusingqongileyo kwanemigcipheko kuquka nemingcipheko yentlekele neenkcazelo ezimfutshane.
Ukulungiswa kophicotho lokusingqongileyo ngumsebenzi oquka uphando, nokubhalwa konokuba sisihloko, sesiganeko sentlanganiso yokucebisa. Zonke iinkcukacha ezifumanekayo ngeengxaki ezingundoqo zokusingqongileyo nento ezoyikisayo ngaphakathi kummandla kamasipala mazithathelwe ingqalelo njengokuba zizinkcukacha eziyimvelaphi yeentlanganiso zokucebisana ezikwinqanaba kamasipala ezijongene "noPhicotho kwiNqanaba likaMasipala" (1/4).
Kuxhomekeke kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le -IDP ukwenza isigqibo (liqwalasele iinkcukacha zophicotho lokusingqongileyo) ukuba umba wokusingqongileyo othile ungaba ngumba ophambili kumasipala, kusini na.
Inkoliso yoomasipala abakudidi -B abangekhe babenakho ukwenza okanye ukuqala uphando lophicotho lokusingqongileyo, ukufumana iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-IDP. Ukuba kungakho ngokungxamisekileyo imfuno yeenkcukacha ezingaphezulu, oomasipala benginqi mabasebenzisane nomasipala wesithili, baqalise uphicotho olubanzi lwesithili kwimiba engundoqo yokusingqongileyo (njengenxalenye yemisebenzi yocwangciso 1/9).
Omnye kumagosa obugcisa okwamasipala angaqokele iinkcukacha ezikhoyo kwiingxaki nemingcipheko yokusingqongileyo ezisekelwe kwiingxelo ezifumanekayo nothetha-thethwano nabanebango kwezokusingqongileyo kwanee-arhente ezingabakhuthaza izinto ezithengiswayo.
Ukubonelelwa ngeenkcukacha ezintsha makwenziwe ngokomlinganiselo wobubanzi besithili kwaye makuqaliswe ziikansile okanye amabhunga ezithili ngaphandle kokuba umasipala okudidi -B unazo izakhono zokwenza izifundo zophando ezizodwa kumba owodwa wokusingqongileyo kummandla wakhe.
Abanebango kwezokusingqongileyo neencutshe kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli kwi- IDP mabafakwe bathathe inxaxheba.
Musa ukwenza uphicotho lokusingqongileyo isihloko sentlanganiso yokucebisana okanye isihloko samaqela asebenza ngokuhlangana ngamaxesha athile. Nangona kunjalo zingakho iintlanganiso zokucebisana okanye amaqela asebenza ehlangene ngemiba etshisayo yokusingqongileyo efana (nongcoliseko lomoya, imingcipheko yezikhukhula, okanye imililo yamahlathi) xa ingachongwa njengemiba engundoqo nephambili kumasipala. Amaqela ahlangene exoxa mawajolise ekuxoxeni imiba engundoqo kunokuba asetyenziselwe ukunikezela ngeenkcukacha.
Ukuqonda ngeempawu zokomelela nobuthathaka bamaziko.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindlela zobuchule zophuhliso lukamasipala neeprojekthi ziqwalasela izakhono zamaziko kwanemiqobo, kwaye zijongana neengxaki zamaziko kumasipala.
Inkqubo yokusebenza yolawulo lukamasipala.
Ukuqokelelwa kwayo yonke imiqobo yamaziko ethe yachongwa nezinye iingxaki ezichongiweyo eziphambili okanye imiba ephambuli.
Ngokunxulumene nenkqubo Azikho c Kohlulwe iinkcukacha zibe yimiqulwana engqamene neemeko namaqela ekujoliswe kuwo ngqo, oko kukuthi kwiincwadana ezizikhokelo2 ezi-6, ezingasetyenziswa ngokungaxhomekanga enye kwenye, kwakunye d Nokubekwa emgangathweni kokwaziswa kwendlela yosetyenziso yocwangciso Incwadana esisikhokelo yesi-III kwiqondo eliphezulu, ngokwahlula kwakhona indlela yokwenza ibe " Yimisebenzi yoCwangciso" echazwe yacaciswa ngendlela efanayo ukuze kubekho ukufikelela okukhawulezileyo nokungqalileyo kwiinkcukacha ezifunekayo.
Ikunceda ukuba ucwangcise inkqubo yocwangciso.
f Ukuphepha ulwimi olusetyenziswayo kucwangciso kangako unako ngokungacebisi ubuchule bocwangciso obuthe ngqo kwincwadana esisikhokelo yesi-III.
g Ukugxininisa iimfuneko ezilindelekileyo kwisigaba ngasinye kwanemisebenzi yocwangciso ngokwenza njalo wahlule ngokucacileyo phakathi "kokunyanzelekileyo" okubangwa ziimfuneko zomthetho nomgaqo-nkqubo kwaneengcebiso ezinganyanzelisiyo kwabo bafuna iingcebiso ngeendlela zokujongana nemisebenzi yocwangciso ethile.
Yintoni ekufuneka ikho ngenxa yomsebenzi wocwangciso?
Inkqubo / indlela mayibe njani ukuze ifikelele kwiziphumo?
Ngubani oya kongamela abe ngothatha inxaxheba?
Ithatha ixesha elingakanani?
Incwadana esisikhokelo yesi- III, phofu ke, inenkangeleko yencwadana yokufundisa. Oko kukuthi asiyoncwandana inokufundwa ukuqala kwiphepha loku- 1 ukuya ekugqibeleni, khon' ukze ufumane amagqabantshintshi ngokubanzi (kujoliswe kule njongo ngamaGqabantshintshi aQhelekileyo "ukukrwaqula i-IDP"). Luxwebhu ekufuneka lusetyenzisiwe kwinkqubo yocwangciso njengokuba kuyimfuneko oko kukuthi ukukhangela iimpendulo xa kunokuthi kubekho imibuzo. Yenzelwe ukuba kubekho ukufikeleleka ngokukhawuleza kwiinkcukacha ezithe ngqo kwabo bayinxalenye yale nkqubo yocwangciso, ngaphezu kokunika isishwankathelo esifutshane esiquka konke ngokuba ingantoni i-IDP.
Indlela yokwenza ye- IDP yakhiwe "ngemisebenzi yocwangciso" enokusetyenziswa kooMasipala beeNgingqi nabeSithili. Le "misebenzi yocwangciso" mayingaphazanyiswa namanqanaba ocwangciso. Eminye " iMisebenzi yoCwangciso" ziziganeko zocwangciso ekufuneka zenziwe ngokulandelelana okuthile ngeli lixa eminye "iMisebenzi yoCwangciso" inxulumene neendlela zokuqondana nemiba ethile kwaneemfuneko zocwangciso ngelixa locwangciso lweziganeko ezithile okanye phakathi kwazo (umzekelo ukuqubisana nemilinganiselo yendalo esingqongileyo, yendawo, okanye yezoqoqosho xa kuqulunqwa iindlela zobuchule.). Ngamanye amazwi: iMisebenzi yoCwangciso ingaba ngamanqanaba okanye iziganeko ezinokwenziwa. (ezinjengeentlanganiso zokucebisana, izifundo zophando, ukuqokelelwa kweenkcukacha) okanye zingabhekiselela kwiindlela zokuqwalaselwa kwemiba ethile kwinqanaba okanye isiganeko esithile.
d Iziganeko zocwangciso ezicetyiswayo nokulandelelana kwazo.
e Iziphumo zesigaba; kwakunye f " neMisebenzi yoCwangciso" equlethe imiba eza kuqwalaselwa kule nkqubo.
Oku kuya kunceda ngokunika umsebenzisi wencwadana esisikhokelo amagqabantshintshi ngokubanzi enkqubo kwanenkangeleko "yeMisebenzi yoCwangciso".
Iimfuno neengxaki eziphambili zabantu.
Ulwazi ngoovimba obafumanekayo nabafikelelekayo.
Iinkcukacha ezizizo kwingqiqo ephangaleleyo yeentshukumo ezinefuthe kuphuhliso kumasipala.
Uphicotho lwengxaki yothatho-nxaxheba/ukubekwa phambili kwemiba ukunqumlezana kwamacandelo.
Uphicatho olunzulu olunxulumene nemiba eyiyeyona iphambili echongiweyo iintshukumo, oonobangela, oovimba njalo-njalo.
Imiba ephambili / iingxelo zeengxaki.
Ukuqonda ubunjani/ iintshukumo/ izizathu zale miba.
Ulwazi ngoovimba abufumanekayo nezinto ezinokuba (kuquka isakhelo sako konke esilingwayo sezimali).
Iindlela ezizezinye ezinobuchule nokhetho lweendlela zobuchule (kumba ngamnye).
uqhagamshelwano lokufezekiswa kwezithembiso ngokunikeza ithuba lenkqubo yocwangciso lweeprojekthi ecakaciweyo nephathekayo eyenziwe ligqiza lophando leeprojekthi labantu abaqeqeshiweyo kwanabo bachaphazelekayo banebango nabanika izindululo ezinamanani aqikelelweyo ekujoliswe kuwo , imigangatho yobugcisa, iindawo, ixesha noqikelelo lweendleko. Esi sigaba siya kunika iingcaphephe zamacandelo, eyona ndima izifaneleyo kwinkqubo yocwangciso ngokwenza oko zibe negalelo kuqhagamshelwano locwangciso nefezekiso olungenamagingxi-gingxi.
Iziphumo zeeprojekthi, nemiba ekujoliswe kuyo nendawo.
Imisebenzi ephambili, ukumiswa kwexesha.
Abathathi-nxaxheba /ii-arhente ezithembekileyo.
Uqikelelo lweendleko nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali nalapho izimali zingafumaneka khona.
Iqondo lobalulwa nokuchaneka kweziphumo liya kwahluka , njengokuba ezinye iiprojekthi zisenokufuna izifundo zophando ezinzulu ngokunokwenzeka ezisenokungaphatheki ngeli thuba locwangciso lwe-IDP. Uqikelelo olusacetywayo olusekelwe kwizigqibo zangaphambili esingokuyila iiprojekthi, luya kunikezelwa. (inqanaba lokunokwenzeka kwangaphambili).
lukwimiba engundoqo, kukho iiprojekthi zesiqhelo zamasebe aliqela (umzekelo:ukugcinwa emgangathweni) ezifunyaniswa ziyimfuneko nangona zingathathwa njengemiba ephambili.
ze ziphindwe zihlolwe ngokunxulumene neemfuneko zezimali zalo miba ingundoqo neprojekthi/inkqubo ezizalana nazo okanye.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo zocwangciso lweeprojekthi ziya kuphononongwa ukungqinelana kwazo nombono, iinjongo , iindlela zobuchule noovimba nokuba ezi zinto ziya kungqinelaniswa.
Inkqubo yongqinelaniso iya kuzala inkqubo-sakhelo ezinzisiweyo yendawo, izimali neyamaziko njengesiseko esilungileyo sofezekiso olungenanamagingxi-gingxi.
Ukuziswa kwezindululo zeprojekthi kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP kwakunye nengxoxo.
Uhlaziyo ngamaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi.
Ukuqulunqwa kwezindululo ezihlaziyiweyo.
Inkqubo yeminyaka emi-5 yotyalo-mali ezinkulu (yonke imithombo yezimali).
Isicwangciso samaziko solawulo lofezekiso.
Ukunxulumanisa nezicwangciso zamacandelo.
Iziphumo zezicwangciso zamacandelo ezimelwe ukubuyiselwa kwinkqubo yeIDP.
Isicwangciso loLawulo lweNtlekele.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba, phambi kokwamkelwa liBhunga likaMasipala, bonke abafanelekileyo abanebango nabanomdla, kuquka nawo onke amacandelo karhulumente, banikwe ithuba lokuvakalisa izimvo zabo ngesicwangciso esisayilwayo, nto ke leyo eya kunika isicwangciso esamkelweyo isiseko esilungileyo nesisemthethweni, inkxaso kwanokulungela oko.
Ukunika ithuba lezimvo zikawonke-wonke.
Izilungiso ezihambelana nezimvo.
Ulwamkelo liBhunga likamasipala.
Ulungelelwano kumgangatho wesithile: Ukulungelelana okunabileyo.
Ukuvavanywa kokuhambelana ngokomthetho.
Izilungiso kunye/okanye impendulo ngamBhunga engingqi.
Ulwamkelwa lokugqibela libhunga.
ISIPHUMO: Isicwangciso esihlangeneyo soPhuhliso esilungisiweyo nesamkelweyo.
Isiphumo Sokugqibela: Uxwebhu lwe- IDP oluxhaswa lulawulo lukaMasipala, abahlali bakamasipala, iBhunga lesithili nawo onke amacandelo ee-arhente awongamele ufezekiso lweenkqubo neeprojekthi ezikumhlaba ophantsi kukamasipala ngokwasemthethweni kulawulo nezamkelweyo liBhunga likamasipala.
Bekusoloko kukho ukubhideka malunga nolwabiwo lwemisebenzi phakathi koomasipala besithili nabengingqi (TLC's, TRC's) kwinkqubo ye-LDO/IDP. Ingaba izithili zimelwe kukuba zibheke phambili ngocwangciso zize zimilisele inkqubo-sakhelo yezicwangciso njengesiseko socwangciso kwinqanaba lengingqi Okanye inqnaaba lengingqi kufanele ukuba liqhubela phambili kuqala na, liyekele kwiziThili ukuvelisa izicwangciso ezimanyeneyo nezizinzisiweyo phezu kwesiseko sezicwangciso zengingqi?
Inkqubo yokumiswa kwemida iye yaba nesiphumo kutshintsho ekwabiweni kwemisebenzi nolwalamano phakathi kooMasipala beziThili neeNgingqi. Ngaphambili, iindima zala manqanaba omabini bezinganxibelelani kakhulu. Izithili kakhulu bekulindeleke ukuba zincede ezo ndawo bebengafikeleli kuzo oomasipala bengingqi. Ngaphandle koko oomasipala besithili benza ucwangciso ngokomlinganiselo wemimandla nofezekiso lwenkqubo. Ngoku kuza kuba kho oomasipala abathatha imimandla ebanzi. Ngaphandle nje kwendawo zolawulo lwezithili, izithili ziyakongamela iindawo ezifanayo noloo loomasipala bengingqi. Ukwabelana ngoxanduva lwendawo eziphantsi kolawulo olufanayo kudinga intsebenziswano, endaweni yokusebenza uwedwa ecaleni kwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo.
Oku kunezinto ezirheshwayo kule nkqubo ye-IDP. Ngokomthetho wemiButho kaMasipala noMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala, omabini, la manqwanqwa orhulumente wengingqi kufuneka acacise inkqubo ye-IDP njengenxalenye nesixhobo esingundoqo kulawulo nokufezekiswa kwezithembiso. Ukunqanda uphinda-phindo lomsebenzi, ezi nkqubo zimbini zocwangciso kufuneka zalamane ngokusondeleleneyo. Uyilo lolwalamano nokwabiwa kwemisebenzi eluxanduva kufanele ukuba kuqwalasele izinto ezine ezifunekayo.
Uphicotho nokubekwa phambili kweemfuno neengxaki kufuneka kwenziwe ngenkqubo yothatho-nxaxheba, ebandakanya uluntu lwengingqi nabo banebango. Iinkcukacha malunga nezikhewu kwiinkonzo nakwiimfuno ezingakho, kufuneka zibe nendawo ezijolise kuyo. Oku, ke ngoko, kufuneka kwenziwe ngooMasipala beNgingqi, abona basondeleyo kubahlali.
OoMasipala beNgingqi nabo besiThili bafuna ezabo iinkqubo zocwangciso namaxwebhu abo ocwangciso ukuba kulindelike ukuba i-IDP ibe negalelo kwinguqu yamaziko nokuba imele ukwazisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali loomasipala nezicwangciso zokusebenza. Ngoko ke, isicwangciso esinye senqanaba lesithili sazo zonke izinto ezikhoyo zikarhulumente wengingqi ngaphakathi kwesithili asiyi kwanela ukwenza i-IDP ibe sisixhobo esivakalayo sophuhliso ngurhulumente wengingqi.
Kukho iinkqubo zobuchule zocwangciso kwaneenkqubo zokuthatyathwa kwesigqibo ezifanayo kubo bonke oomasipala, nezifuna uququzelelo olukwiqondo eliphezulu nobuchule obuvunyiweyo kwizakhono kwanokubandakanyeka kweengcali zamacandelo ezivela kwinqanaba lePhondo. Uciciyelo lweendlela zobuchule lungcono lwenziwe namagosa amaphondo kwinqanaba leziThili.
Intsebenziswano engenamagingxi-gingxi phakathi komasipala bengingqi abameleneyo, naphakathi kweengingqi nezithili.
Kwisigaba soku-1, isigaba sophicotho, uhlolo nokuchongwa kwemiba yothatho- nxaxheba, ugxininiso lwenkqubo yocwangciso luya kuba kwingingqi, ngeli xa amaBhunga eziThili angenza uphicotho olumalunga nemiba yemimmandla ngokobubanzi (kodwa angangeni kwinkqubo enobunzulu yothatho-nxaxheba ngokwawo).
Kwisigaba sesi- 2, isigaba sokwenza ngobuchule, kuya kujoliswa ngokomgaqo, kwinqanaba lesithili ukanti kusenokuba kho imiba ethile ejolise engingqini eyakufuna iindlela zobuchule ezizodwa zengingqi. Oomasipala bengingqi bamele ukumenyelwa kwintlanganiso zokucebisana zeendlela zobuchule ngomba ngamnye ongundoqo, baxoxe bedibene ngezona ndlela zobuchule zifanelekileyo zokusombulula iingxaki. Ingcali zamaphondo nezikazwelonke nabanye abantu abanolwazi nezakhono abaphuma ekuhlaleni, bangamenywa nabo bangenelele kule nkqubo, eya kuququzelelwa ngabasebenzi benqanaba lesiThili kumaziko ePIMS. Lo ngumhlaba apho "abantu neendawo bahlangana khona namacandelo kunye nemicimbi".
Kwisigaba sesi- 3, isigaba socwangciso lweprojekthi, uhlobo ngalunye lukamasipala kuya kufuneka luzilungiselele ngokukodwa, oko kukuthi, ukuguqula iindlela zobuchule zibe ziiprojekthi eziphathekayo zengingqi, eziya kuthi zinike iinkcukacha malunga nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali nezicwangciso zomsebenzi.
Kukwanjalo nakwisigaba sesi -4 ("Uhlanganiso") apho oomasipala bengingqi nabesithili baya kuphonononga baze bazinzise izindululo zeeprojekthi ukuze kufikelelwe kwizicwangciso neenkqubo ezihlangeneyo, njengesiseko senkqubo yabo yolawulo.
Kwisigaba sesi- 5 (Ulwamkelo), izithili ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kumacala onke ngokunabileyo (imiba enqumla imida) nangentsebenziswano esuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi.
Ucwangciso kwenginqi nolwesithili luya kwenziwa ngaxeshanye kodwa kunxityelelwane ngemvisiswano endaweni yokuba lube calanye lusuka ezantsi (phezulu) lusiya phezulu (ezantsi) okanye lusuka phezulu lusiya ezantsi.
1 Ukuqokelelwa kolwazi 2 Umsebenzi obhalwayo...
2 Iintlanganiso zokucebisana zoluntu /abanebango 4 a Iintlanganiso yeQonga...
IQonga laBameli Ingcali olubanzi. Uphicotho lwendawo zokuququzelela uqoqosho lwezentlalo.
3 Izikhokelo zeendlela 1 Iintlanganiso zokucebisana Ingcali zobuchule zengingqi.
Ziya kwenziwa ngaxesha nye nezinye imisebenzi zocwangciso; akukho mfuneko yexesha elahlukileyo.
Abavimba bangabonelelwa ngumasipala okanye baqeshwe kumaziko azi- PIMS okanye iifemu zokucebisana, oko kuxhomekeke kwizakhono zabasebenzi ezifakelelwe njengenxalenye yobume bukamasipala. Izinto eziyimfuneko zinxulumene noluhlu lwezakhono ezahlukeneyo kwaye azinakho ukuba zingaqwalaselwa nangayiphi na indlela, ngumcebisi oyedwa.
Ubungakanani buxhomekeke ubukhulu nobuncinane bukamasipala nakuhlobo lwemiba ekhoyo.
Uhlobo/imo nesiqulatho soxwebhu lwe- IDP (ngaphandle kwezo ziqulatho ezimiselwa kumthetho wesixokelelwano sikamasipala) ziphantsi kobulumko bukamasipala ngamnye. Kungoko, uluhlu lweziqualtho kufuneka zingemiselwa.
Uluhlu lweziqulatho, kunjalo, lusisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu sokunika ingcamango yendlela enokukhangeleka ngayo i-IDP . Le mizekelo ilandelayoinganceda ukufumana ulivo, kodwa inganqandi namnye ekuphuhliseni ezakhe iingcamango zokuyila.
3 Imiba engundoqo ngendlela ebonwa ngayo ngumasipala.
nokulingana nokulingana ngesini.
8 Uphicotho lwamaziko: Ukomelelal nokubabuthathaka kolawulo lukamasipala.
lwengxelo zohlalutyo olunzulu.
3 Iinjongo nobuchulebombangamnye ongundoqo kuquko injongo, ubutyebi obufumanekayo, amacebo angamanye aqwalaselwayo uhlobo kwanobuchule obucetyiweyo.
5 Isishwankathelo soluhlu lweeprojekthi ezichongiweyo.
10 isixokelelwano sokuqwalasela nokuhanjiswa kolwazi (2 - 3)...
3 Ukudityaniswa kokuqokelelwa kolwazi olukhoyo nophicotho loluntu nabo babandakanyekayo.
6 Ukwahlulwa ngokwezentlalo noqoqosho/ulingano ngokwesini.
7 Ukuchongwa kwemiba ephambili kamasipala.
9 Uphicotho olunzulu lwemiba engundoqo: Izikhokelo eziluhlobo oluthile zolungelelaniso lwamacandelo.
10 Ukuzinziswa kweziphumo zophicotho.
Ukujolisa Kwisigaba soku -1 oomasipala bajongana neemeko ezikhoyo. Owona mngeni ungamandla kulawulo lukamasipala kwisigaba sophicotho kukujolisa kwizinto ezibalulekileyo zemiba ethile. Ngaphambili abacwangcisi bebethanda ukuqokelela zonke iintlobo zeenkcukacha ngendlela equka konke. Zinzame ezinexabiso eliphezulu nezingeyomfuneko eziya kuphelela kumathala eencwadi, eziye zanegalelo kwimbono ethe ndii yokuba ucwangciso yinto engenamsebenzi kwimeko zeemfuneko ezingxamisekileyo namajelo anqongopheleyo.
Ukubonelela ngeenkcukacha eziluncedo zolawulo Ukuqwalasela i -IDP njengenkqubo yolawulo oluhlangeneyo kuthetha ukuba makubuzwe ukuba zinkcukacha zini kwiimeko ezikhoyo eziyimfuneko ukuze kufikelelwe kwizigqibo ezizizo zolawulo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuthatha isigqibo ngeenkukacha eziyimfuneko kuxhomekeke kulawulo lukamasipala, hayi kubacwangcisi abaqeqeshiweyo okanye kwimithetho yephondo.
Zintoni iziphumo ezilindelekileyo zesiGaba soPhicotho Ngamanye amazwi, oomasipala kufuneka babe nalwazi luni ukuze bafikelele kwizigqibo ezinobuchule nezijolise kufezekiso ngendlela eyiyo yokusetyenziswa koovimba babo abanqongopheleyo UMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala awunamiqathango uyibekileyo kulo mba. Ufuna kuphela uhlolo lomgangatho wophuhliso olukhoyo, kuquka ukuchongwa koluntu olungafikeleliyo kwiinkonzo zikamasipala ezisisiseko?
Ezi nkcukacha zifanele ukwenza ukuba umasipala akwazi ukuthatha isigqibo ngemiba engundoqo okanye iingxaki, ngokoqwalaselo lweembono zabahlali/zoluntu ngeenkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo.
Abathathi-zigqibo bakwamasipala kufuneka babe nolwazi malunga nohlobo olubambekayo lwale miba ingundoqo okanye iingxaki ezifana neendlela, iimeko, unobangela neziphumo ezingqamene nale miba ukuze kuthathwe izigqibo ezineenkcukacha ezanelisayo kwizisombululo ezizizo (endaweni yokunyanga iimpawu).
Abathathi-zigqibo bakwamasipala kufuneka babe nokuqonda ngezinto ezinexabiso noovimba abakhoyo abanokufikelelwa kwanemiqobo koovimba, phambi kokuthatha izigqibo ngeendlela zobuchule.
Iinkcukacha ngoovimba abakhoyo abafumanekayo, noovimba abanokustyenziswa nezinto zexabiso.
Kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezinokulandelwa ukuze kufikelelwe kwezi ziphumo.
Kubalulekile ukwazi iimbono zabahlali ngeemfuno zabo (jonga Umsebenzi woCwangciso 1/2). Kodwa kukwabalulekile ukwaziswa ziinkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo umzekelo, ngezikhewu zeenkonzo okanye ngokunqongophala kwengqesho (jonga Umsebenzi woCwangciso 1/1). Izigqibo ezizizo azinakuxhomekeka kwiimbono nakwiinkcukacha eziqokelelweyo zamanani kuphela. Kufuneka kuqwalaselwe zombini ezi zinto, zithelekiswe zombini, ukuze kunxulunyaniswe omabini amajelo eenkcukacha elinye nakwelinye, ukufikelela kumfanekiso opheleleyo nobonisa izinto ngobunjalo bazo. (jonga Umsebenzi woCwangciso 1/3).
Kukho imfuneko yokujonqa imeko, ingekuko ngokweembono zoluntu nabo banebango kuphela, kodwa nangokweembono zikamasipala ngokubanzi. Imiba ebalulekileyo kumasipala ingaphaya kweemfuno zoluntu nezamaqela abanebango zidibene. Kungakho iintlobo zonke zemiba ephumelayo efana nokungena kwenyambalala yabemi , ukukekela kwezoqoqosho, iingxaki ezinxulumene nesifo sikagawulayo iHIV/AIDS, iinkqubo zolawulo ezixakayo kwaneengxaki zokusingqongileyo, konke oku kusenokungaveli kuphicotho lwengingqi. Kungoko sicebisa ukuba kubekho ucwangciso olulodwa olukumgangatho kamasipala ukuchonga nokuphicotha imiba elolu hlobo.
Uphicothoo malungohlulwa-hlulwa ngokwamacandelo. Ukuba kunokubanjalo, ukucinga ngokwamacandelo kuya kudala uludwe olubanzi lwemiba, kunokuqwalasela kwimiba etshisayo eviwa ngabantu.
Uphicotho lwemeko ngokwembono ezinqumlezanayo...
Uphicotho lwezentlalo noqoqosho olujolise ngokukodwa kwimeko yentlupheko kwiyantlukwano ngokwesini nemiba efana neyesifo sikagawulayo i-HIV/AIDS, luyafuneka njengesiseko sokufikelela kwindlela yobuchule yophuhliso equkayo ehambisana nezikhokelo zemigaqo-nkqubo kazwelonke yokutshabalalisa intlupheko nolinganiso ngokwesini (Umsebenzi wocwangciso 1/6).
Abanye oomasipala (ngakumbi iCandelo A no C) bangagqiba lwelokuba benze uphicotho olucwangcisiweyo lwamacandelo anqumlezanayo nolwemilinganiselo yezoqoqosho, yokusingqongileyo neyamaziko (Imisebenzi yocwangciso 1/4a-c) Njengoko oku kungaba ngamabhongo, kusenokungafikeleleki ngakumbi kumacandelo amancinane oomasipala, afana neCandelo B, asikucebisi oku ukuba kungenziwa okwangoku. Endaweni yoko sicebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe indlela yokwenza ejolise kwimiba ngaphakathi "kuphicotho olubanzi lukaMasipala" (1/4) olusebenzisa ulwazi olufumanekayo ngendlela eyiyo (kuquka izifundo zophando ezenziweyo) noluya kuxhomekeka kwiintekelelo ezivunyiweyo endaweni yophicotho oluchanekileyo.
Iinkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo ezaziwayo ezisiseko ngenkqubo yamaziko, ngeemeko zezoqoqosho nemiba yokusingqongileyo, bekumele ukuba sele iqukiwe "kuqulunkqo lweenkcukacha ezikhoyo" (1/1).
Ukumisa izinto Owona mngeni ungamandla kwisiGaba ngendlela soPhicotho kukuthatha inyathelo kwingqokelela yophicotho olwenziwe kumanqanaba nakwiindawo ezohlukeneyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, zibe kuludwe oluzinzisiweyo lwemiba engundoqo eyenza ubulungisa kubo bonke ababandakanyekayo nakuwo onke amajelo eenkcukacha. Olu luqulunkqo, uhlanganiso novumelelwaniso lweenkcukacha olufuna ukwenziwa phambi kokuba iQonga LeeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP lingafikelela kuludwe lwemiba engundoqo eneenkcukacha ezizizo nezilungileyo ngendlela engafihlakelanga.
Emva kokuba imiba engundoqo kuvunyelwene ngayo, kungenzeka ukuba uhlobo lwemiba okanye imilinganiselo yayo ayicacanga mpela.
mali. Ulwazi olunjalo lubalulekile kakhulu ekufumaneni izisombululo ezizizo.
Iinkcukacha ezifunyenwe ngethuba lesiGaba soPhicotho ziphathelelene ngamandla kwabo bathathi-nxaxheba bathe banendima kwinkqubo eqhubekayo yocwangciso nothatho lwezigqibo. Oku kuthetha ukuba, kufuneka zishwankathelwe zibe nokufumaneka zisityenziswe kwisiGaba sesi-2 (Umsebenzi woCwangciso 1/10) Ukuguqula ingxoxo: Ziinkcukacha ezisetyenziswa kumanqanaba aphambili kwinkqubo ye -IDP kuphela ekululutho ukuziqokelela. Ngoku ke umbuzo wolawulo othi " Oku sifuna ukukwazela njongo zini " ufanele ukukhokela yonke imisebenzi kwisiGaba soku -1?
Endaweni yokuqulunqa iinkcukacka esele zikho (umsebenzi 1/1) nokuqwalasela umgangatho wophicotho woluntu nowabanebango (umsebenzi 1/2) kwiindidi zamacandelo ahlukeneyo nangalungelelaniswanga, oomasipala bamele ukuzama ukuhlanganisa konke oku ndaweni nye. Olu phicotho alufani neemeko zakudala ezibanzi nezinenkcitho. Luchongiwe lajoliswa okanye langqaliselwa ngamalungelo aphambili amiselwe kwinkqubo ye-IDP. Isigaba sophicotho se-IDP singahlangabezana noluhlu lweemeko zexesha elidlulileyo zamacandelo neemfuneko zophicotho eziluhlobo oluqhelekileyo olunjengobalo lwabantu abahleliyo nababhubhileyo, inkcazelo emfutshane ngabathengi, uphicotho lwemiqobo yoovimba nabantu abanokusebenza. Le miba yocwangciso iqhelekileyo nenokuphindwa kabini ifanele ukuhlanganiswa "kuqulunqo lweenkcukacha ezikhoyo" 1/1 kwakunye nokuchongwa kwezikhewu zeenkonzo ezinxulumene necandelo elo kwimeko yenkonzo ezisisiseko. Isigqibo sokuba ubugcisa bezinto ezifunekayo zamacandelo bungabandankanywa na okanye hayi ngaphathi kuPhicotho oluNzulu 1/8 okanye ziqwalaselwe ngokwahlukeneyo ngaxeshanye kuya kuxhomekeka ekuphatheleleni kwecandelo malunga neMiba enguNdoqo kamasipala.
Ulungelelaniso lwecandelo lukwabonisa imfuneko yokwandisa uqwalaselo lophicotho lwemiqobo yoovimba ngaphaya kwemiba yamandla ezimali nabantu ukuquka namajelo endalo afana namanzi umhlaba kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Imbono yeli candelo nobuchule obunxulumene nayo, ifanele ukubandakanywa kwinqanaba lophicotho lukamasipala (1/4) nakuphicotho olunzulu (1/8 no 1/9).
nakwinkqubo emelene kunye nayo kolu phicotho (nakwizigaba ezilandelayo).
unika isikhokelo malunga noku.
INJONGO Ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abadlali abathath' inxaxheba kwinkqubo yocwangciso banolwazi kwaye bayafikelela kwiinkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo eziziseko ezinxulumene nemeko ekuyiyo, iindlela neentshukumo,. Oku kuya kuba negalelo ekuchongeni izisombululo ngobunjalo bazo, noqwalaselo olululo lweemfuno zokwenene noovimba abakhoyo.
Amanani asisiseko abazelweyo nababhubhileyo.
Amanqanaba eenkonzo nezikhewu zeenkonzo zeenkonzo zonke zikawonke- wonke ezisisiseko zendawo, amaqela athile ekujoliswe kuwo neemfuno ezisisiseko.
Uhlolo lwemeko ekhoyo lwenzelwe ukuba luphelele kuqulunqo okanye uhlaziyo lweenkcukacha ezikhoyo. Oku akufanelanga kuquka luphando lunxulumene neenkcukacha ezingaziwayo.
Kufuneka lunike amagqabantshintshi akhawulezileyo eenkcukacha ezilungela oko, oku kukuthi umntu akafanele ukukhetha loo nto ibalulekileyo kucwangciso nakuthatho-zigqibo.
Uvimba wolwazi umele ukunika ubungqina beengxaki umz.
noovimba anokunceda ekusombululeni ezo ngxaki.
Iinkcukacha zimelwe ukubekwa endaweni zohlulwe ngamaqela ebemi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Iimfuno zovimba wolwazi zamacandelo kweli nqanaba zifanele ukuqwalaselwa kuphela kangangoko kuyimfuneko ukuchonga izikhewu zeenkonzo kwaye ulwazi lwee-arhente zamacandelo lumele ukusetyenziswa kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Izikhewu zeenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zimele ukuchongwa.
Onke amagosa obugcisa oomasipala amele ukuqulunqa uvimba wolwazi kwimiba yabo yemisebenzi.
Ii-arente zamacandelo amaphondo nakazwelonke zimele ukuchwechwelwa ukuze zinike ulwazi kumalungiselelo aluncedo neenkonzo.
Abacebisi abafuneki nganto ekuqulunqeni uvimba nolwazi ololo hlobo.
Imfuno zolwazi zokwenziwa kwezigqibo ezifanelekileyo zidla ngokuqikelelwa ngaphaya komlinganiselo. Kwimiba apho ulwazi olululo lungekhoyo, iingqikelelo zabantu abaqeqeshiweyo zinganceda ukufumanisa ingqiqo ephilileyo ngobunjalo bemeko.
Kungcono ulunge nokuba akucacanga kunokungalungi mpela!
Iintshukumo zabemi kunganzima ukuzilinganisa ubuninzi bazo. Ukuba akukho manani ohlaziyiweyo makuchongwe iindlela ezibalulekileyo.
Makusetyenziswe iimephu kwiinkcukacha zeepatheni zokuhlaliswa kwabantu ezindaweni nokumiswa kweenkonzo zikawonke-wonke.
nxaxheba imele ukunceda abahlali baqonde ukubaluleka kwee-IDP ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi babo.
Isishwankathelo/izishwankath-elo zeemfuneko ezingundoqo zabahlali/uluntu/nabanebango ezohlulwe yindawo, iindidi zezentlalo kwanesini.
nokubakhuthaza ngegalelo labo.
Ukusekwa kweQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Ukunika uluntu nabanebango ithuba lokubamba iintlanganiso okanye iintlanganiso zokucebisana ngexesha ekuvunyelwene ngalo ngolwimi oluhambisana neemfuno zesininzi sabantu uthathela ingqalelo ukubandakanyeka kwabantu abangafundanga.
imibutho yabanebango namaqela ahlelelekileyo.
Ukwazisa amalungu ngenkqubo namigaqo nkqubo malunga nokuthatha inxaxheba okufunwayo.
Ukubanika ithuba elingange nyanga enye ukuququzelela iindibano kwimimandla yabo okanye namalungu abo.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko, banike isikhokelo ngendlela yokuququzelela iindibano ezilolo hlobo.
IQonga laBameli le -IDP iqumrhu elingundoqo elongamele le nkqubo yokuthath' inxaxheba elungelelanisiweyo.
Ooceba neekomiti zeziphaluka ngabadlali ababalulekileyo ukuququzelela inxaxheba yoluntu.
Amagunye eeNkosi, mawaqwalaselwe njengabanebango ababalulekileyo kwimimandla yasemaphandleni.
Abantu abanolwazi abathile okanye amagqwetha/abameli: amele ukonyulwa ukuze kuqwalaselwe iimfuno zamaqela angekho phantsi kwemibutho ehlelelekileyo. angamelwanga ngendlela afanelekileyo.
Kufanele ukuba kubekho indlela zokukhuthaza iintlanganiso zokucebisana ezilulutho.
Inkqubo ephakanyisiweyo iyavumelana nazo zonke iimfuneko zocwangciso lwamacandelo.
Ukubekwa ngokubaluleka kweengxaki/iimfuno kubalulekile.
Ingxaki/ iimfuno ezingundoqo zifanele ukucaciswa ngokunika iinkcukacha eziqinisekisiweyo ubungakanani, ubunjani, amaqela achaphazelekayo, iindawo, ixesha, imilinganiselo.
Xela oovimba babahlali/boluntu/ abanebango namaphulo abo ngokunxulumene nengxaki nganye okanye imfuno nganye engundoqo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweemfuno ezingundoqo, khangela, umsebenzi wocwangciso 1/7.
Kusetyenziswa iinkcukachai esezikho ngexesha lophicotho lwenqanaba loluntu nolwabanebango, khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 1/3.
Yeyiphi inyaniso ebalulekileyo?
kwanakwabo bayinxalenye yeengxoxo zokucebisana bethatha inxaxheba njengabaququzeleli okanye abantu abanolwazi nezakhono.
Kwezi ntlanganiso zokucebisana zoluntu nabanebango abathathi-nxaxheba baqubisana neenkcukacha ezivela kuphicotho olusekelwe kwidatha/iinkcukacha kwimeko apho idatha zibonakalisa into ukuchasana neendlela abantu abazibona ngayo iingxaki zabo.
Iziphumo zophicotho loluntu/nabanebnago zicaciselwa abo bongamele "Ingqokelela yeeNkcukacha ezikhoyo", ukubanika ithuba lokuphonononga xa kunokuthi kubekho iinkcukacha ezichaseneyo.
Amalungiselelo amaziko acetyiswayo/iimfanelo zamaziko.
Abo bongamele Ingqokelela yeenkcukacha ezikhoyo abaquka (amagosa obugcisa) kufuneka baye kwiintlanganiso zeQonga lengxoxo labameli le- IDP.
Amagosa ongamele iindawo ezithile zommandla okanye amaqela entlalo noqoqosho (umz ootitshala amagosa ezempilo) kufuneka aye kwiintlanganiso zoluntu okanye ezabanebango.
Ukucela umngeni ngemiba ekhoyo neyinene kungundoqo ekuzuzeni iziphumo ezinobunyani ezichanekileyo kwinkqubo yothatho-nxaxheba.
Idatha ayinakho ukuba inike ubungqina obaneleyo ngeengxaki. Indlela abantu abazibona ngayo izinto, ingabonakalisa iingxaki ezingabonakaliswa yidatha. Oomabini amajelo eenkcukacha kufuneka adityanise.
Nomasipala kwanokungatshitshi kwakhe xa ewonke.
Ukuchongwa kweendlela ezisingiseleyo , iintshukumo kwaneengxaki ezinxulumene noko ezichaphazela ummandla kamasipala kwanorhulumente kamasipala ephela.
Ukuchongwa koovimba obafumanekayo, amathuba amahle othelekiso kwanamaphulo kummandla kamasipala kwanakurhulumente kamasipala ukujongana nezi ngxaki.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kweQonga leNgxoxolabameli le- IDP kwanabanye abantu abanolwazi lwezoqoqosho, ezokusingqongileyo, ezamaziko kwaneendlela ezisingisele entlalweni.
Iingcebiso malunga nokuqulunqa Ngeli lixa inkqubo yengxoxo kufuneka iziphumo ijolise kwimiba ebambekayo kunokuba yenziwe ngokunxulumene nemilinganiselo efana nezoqoqosho, intlalo, amaziko kwanezokusingqongileyo ukubhalwa phantsi kweziphumo zophicotho kufuneka kubekwe ngaphantsi kwezihloko zemiba ezifana nezi Ezoqoqosho, okungqongileyo njalo-njalo.
nxaxheba / uhlolo lweemfuno oluqhubekayo kwinqanaba loluntu nelabanebango kufuneka kubekho iingxoxo zokucebisana kwinqanaba likamasipala. Kwezi ngxoxo zokucebisana, imiba ephambili ngokobubanzi bukamasipala kufuneka ichongwe oko kukuthi ukudalwa kwengqesho, intlawulo yeenkonzo, ugawulayo I-HIV , imbalela, ungenelelo, nohlaziyo kwezolawulo. Makujongwane nayo ngalo maqela axoxayo. Imiba le ingashwankathelwa ekuhambeni kwethuba phantsi kwezi zihloko zifana nezoqoqosho ezokusingqongileyo, ezentlalo, kwanemiba yamaziko. thelekisa nemisebenzi yocwangciso 1/4 a-c.
Abantu abanolwazi ngemiba edl' umzi ingakumbi owe-HIV , ukuqinisekisa ukuba imiba eyingxaki neyindaba yakwamkhozi ayityeshelwa.
Amalungu eQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP mawasoloko emenywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwemiba engqamene noluntu nabanebango kwanaleyo iyimiba eyakhelwe phezu kweminye ithathelwe ingqalelo.
Abaququzeleli abanamava nabamenywe ukuze balungise baququzelele, babhale phantsi ngezi ngxoxo zokucebisana.
Ukuqinisekisa ingxoxo kwimiba yobunyani musa ukwahlula kwakhona inkqubo yophicotho, nto ke leyo esisandulela kwimilinganiselo kwizinto ezine, "okusungqongileyo, ezoqoqosho, ezentlalo kwanezamaziko."
Oomasipala abakudidi u- A no- C kwanabo bangomasipala akudidi u -C abanoovimba abangcono bangenza izifundo zophando zophicotho lokusingqongileyo, ezoqoqosho, ezentlalo, ezamaziko njengenxalenye yophicotho kwinkqubo ye-IDP. Kungenjalo banganakho ukusebenzisa izifundo esele zikho. Izithili kufuneka zenze uphicotho lwezoqoqosho nezokusungqongileyo ngokokubanzi bezithili ukulungiselela bonke oomasipala bengingqi kwimimandla yabo (Jonga kwi-1/4a -c). Koomasipala abancinci nabanooviimba abanqongopheleyo, iindlela zokwenza zophicotho ezicwangciswe kakuhle zikhangeleka zingumqweno kwaye azifikeleleki, (ngaphandle kokuba ziphiwe imali zii-arhente zangaphandle.) Kufuneka balusebenzise kangangoko ulwazi olufumanekayo kwanamava, kwangokunjalo, kwaneentekelelo zolwazi nobuchule, ukuba zingakho kuphicotho kwinqanaba lezithili.
Ukuqonda ngoovimba obasebenzisekayo kwezoqoqosho nemiqobo yoko.
INJONGO: Ukuqininisekisa ukuba ubuchule bophuhliso lukamasipala neeprojekthi bubaqwalasela oovimba abasebenzisekayo kwezoqoqosho kwanemiqobo yoko.
Iinkcukacha/idatha yezoqoqosho Ingqesho amacandelo oqoqosho angundoqo.
Iindlela ezingundoqo zoqoqosho ukukhula, ukuhla kwamacandelo.
Oovimba kwezo qoqosho oovimba obangasetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo.
Imiqobo engundoqo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho.
Ukulungiswa kophicotho kwezoqoqosho ngumsebenzi obhalwayo sisiganeko esiyintlanganiso yokucebisana.
Inkoliso yoomasipala abangekhe bakwazi ukwenza uphando kwezoqoqosho khon' ukuze bafumane iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu njengenxalenye yenkqubo yabo ye-IDP. Ukuba kukho iimfuno engxamisekileyo yeenkcukacha ezingaphezulu kophicotho olunzulu nolungaphezulu, oomasipala bengingqi mabasebenzisane noomasipala besithili baze baqale uphicotho olubanzi lwesithile, kwimiba engundoqo kwezoqoqosho nebangi mdla oqhelekileyo. (Malwenziwe njengenxalenye yemisebenzi yocwangciso 1/9).
Ukuqokelelwa kweencukacha/idatha yoqoqosho ekhoyo kungenziwa ngamagosa obugcisa, oko kusekelwe kwingxelo ezifumanekayo kwanokucebisana nabanebango kwanee-arhente ezingabakhuthaza izinto ezithengiswayo.
Ukubonelelwa ngeenkcukacha ezintsha makwenziwe ngokobubanzi besithili: kwaye kungaqaliswa ngamabhunga ezithili, ngaphandle kokuba oomasipala abaphantsi kodidi-B babona kuyimfuneko kwaye banezakhono zokwenza izifundo zophando ezithe ngqo kwindawo zabo.
Abanebango kwezoqoqosho kwanabo bangaziincutshe kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP, mabafakwe bathathe inxaxheba.
Musa ukwenza uphicotho lwezoqoqosho isihloko sentlanganiso yokucebisana okanye isihloko samaqela asebenza ingokuhlangana ngamaxesha athile. Amaqela okusebenza mawujoliswe kwimiba (efana nentswela-ngqesho) kunokunikezela ngeenkcukacha.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuchule bophuhliso bukamasipala neeprojekthi ezikhoyo buqwalasela iingxaki nezinto ezoyikisayo zokusingqongileyo kwanezinto zexabiso zokusingqongileyo ezifuna ukhuselo okanye ulawulo okunemikhala.
Uluhlu lweengxaki ezingundoqo ezikhoyo zokusingqongileyo kwanenkcazelo emfutshane yeengxaki nganye (indawo, abantu abachaphazelekayo, ubungakanani bengxaki, izizathu).
Uluhlu lweezinto ezoyikekayo ezingundoqo zokusingqongileyo kwanemigcipheko kuquka nemingcipheko yentlekele neenkcazelo ezimfutshane.
Ukulungiswa kophicotho lokusingqongileyo ngumsebenzi oquka uphando, nokubhalwa konokuba sisihloko, sesiganeko sentlanganiso yokucebisa. Zonke iinkcukacha ezifumanekayo ngeengxaki ezingundoqo zokusingqongileyo nento ezoyikisayo ngaphakathi kummandla kamasipala mazithathelwe ingqalelo njengokuba zizinkcukacha eziyimvelaphi yeentlanganiso zokucebisana ezikwinqanaba kamasipala ezijongene "noPhicotho kwiNqanaba likaMasipala" (1/4).
Kuxhomekeke kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le -IDP ukwenza isigqibo (liqwalasele iinkcukacha zophicotho lokusingqongileyo) ukuba umba wokusingqongileyo othile ungaba ngumba ophambili kumasipala, kusini na.
Inkoliso yoomasipala abakudidi -B abangekhe babenakho ukwenza okanye ukuqala uphando lophicotho lokusingqongileyo, ukufumana iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-IDP. Ukuba kungakho ngokungxamisekileyo imfuno yeenkcukacha ezingaphezulu, oomasipala benginqi mabasebenzisane nomasipala wesithili, baqalise uphicotho olubanzi lwesithili kwimiba engundoqo yokusingqongileyo (njengenxalenye yemisebenzi yocwangciso 1/9).
Omnye kumagosa obugcisa okwamasipala angaqokele iinkcukacha ezikhoyo kwiingxaki nemingcipheko yokusingqongileyo ezisekelwe kwiingxelo ezifumanekayo nothetha-thethwano nabanebango kwezokusingqongileyo kwanee-arhente ezingabakhuthaza izinto ezithengiswayo.
Ukubonelelwa ngeenkcukacha ezintsha makwenziwe ngokomlinganiselo wobubanzi besithili kwaye makuqaliswe ziikansile okanye amabhunga ezithili ngaphandle kokuba umasipala okudidi -B unazo izakhono zokwenza izifundo zophando ezizodwa kumba owodwa wokusingqongileyo kummandla wakhe.
Abanebango kwezokusingqongileyo neencutshe kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli kwi- IDP mabafakwe bathathe inxaxheba.
Musa ukwenza uphicotho lokusingqongileyo isihloko sentlanganiso yokucebisana okanye isihloko samaqela asebenza ngokuhlangana ngamaxesha athile. Nangona kunjalo zingakho iintlanganiso zokucebisana okanye amaqela asebenza ehlangene ngemiba etshisayo yokusingqongileyo efana (nongcoliseko lomoya, imingcipheko yezikhukhula, okanye imililo yamahlathi) xa ingachongwa njengemiba engundoqo nephambili kumasipala. Amaqela ahlangene exoxa mawajolise ekuxoxeni imiba engundoqo kunokuba asetyenziselwe ukunikezela ngeenkcukacha.
Ukuqonda ngeempawu zokomelela nobuthathaka bamaziko.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindlela zobuchule zophuhliso lukamasipala neeprojekthi ziqwalasela izakhono zamaziko kwanemiqobo, kwaye zijongana neengxaki zamaziko kumasipala.
Inkqubo yokusebenza yolawulo lukamasipala.
Ukuqokelelwa kwayo yonke imiqobo yamaziko ethe yachongwa nezinye iingxaki ezichongiweyo eziphambili okanye imiba ephambuli.
Yonke into yenzeka endaweni.
IDFA ngokukodwa, isetyenziswa ngendlala enxulumene nemiba ethe ngqo yengingqi xa kuqulunqwa indlela zobuchule bokucwangciswa neeprojekthi.
Uxwebhu oluquka konke olubonakalisa usetyenziso lwemiqalisela ye-IDF kwanezinye izikhokelo zophuhliso lwendawo, luze luzenze imiba ethe ngqo eyongxaki kumasipala. Oku makubonalaliswe ngamaphepha ama - 3 -5 ahamba kunye neemephu.
UXwebhu lweNkqubo yokusebenza elungele ukusetyenziswa kwezezindlu.
UXwebhu lweNkqubo yokusebenza esaxukushwayo kuphuhliso nocwangciso.
Ukusengelwa phantsi kweendawo ezandisiweyo kwiindawo zamashishini/ingxinano /iidolophu/nezixeko ezixineneyo.
Imikhwa yophuhliso lomhlaba olungatshitshiyo ngokwengingqi.
Izikhokelo zophuhliso lomhlaba izibonelelo zophuhliso lomhlaba kumaphandle nesezidolophini, iindawo zokuhlala ezikhoyo nezintsha.
mhlaba ngolunya (ngaphandle kokungahoywa kobunyani beenkqubo ezingekho mthethweni zokusetyenziswa komhlaba).
Izikhokelo ezinobuchule zendawo yengingqi kufuneka zichaze iindlela imgqalisela kazwelonke yendawo kwanezikhokelo zophuhliso lwengingqi emazisetyenziswe ngayo kwimeko zengingqi, ziqwalasela impawu ezithe ngqo zendawo kwaneengxaki njengoko zichaziwe.
Igalelo lengingqi Izikhokelo ezizezengingqi mazijolise kwimiba ephambili neendlela zommandla othile kusetyenziso lomhlaba.
Ukulungiselela iimfuneko zenkqubo, amalungiselelo amaziko kwanexesha eliyimfuneko, iphepha lomsebenzi wocwangciso lezikhokelo ezinobuchule zengingqi (2/3).
Ngoba Ukuqiniseka ukuba iinkqubo zonciphiso lwentlupheko nolingano ngokwesini ziyasetyenziswa xa indlela zobuchule ziqulunqiwe neeprojekthi zicwangcisiwe?
Uxwebhu oluqulathe konke (amaphepha ama3-5) olubonakalisa ukusetyenziswa kwemigqalasela yomgaqo-siseko yoquko, ulingano, ukonezwa kweemfuno ezingundoqo, zenziwe zibe zezichanekileyo ngokwemeko zikamasipala.
Uxwebhu lwenkqubo yokusebenza kurhulumente wengingqi.
Ukudalwa kwamathuba kuye wonke ubani ukuba aziphilele ngemisebenzi enemveliso.
Ukumiselwa kwenkqubo zokhuseleko lwentlalo nezinye zokhuseleko lwabahlwempuzekileyo kwanabo bangabamaqela akhethekileyo /ahlelelekileyo.
Ukuxhotyiswa kwabahlwempuzekileyo/ ukukhuthazwa kothatho-nxaxheba lwamaqela ahlelelekileyo.
Ukujongana nokulunga-lungisa ukungalingani okukhoyo ngokwesini, njengoko kuchaphazela ukufikelela kwimisebenzi, kumhlaba nakwizindlu njalo-njalo.
Ukujoliswa kwamalinge noovimba ekuphuculeni ubunjani bobomi baloo malungu naloo maqela asoloko ehlelelekile okanye ekhethelwa ngaphandle afana namakhosikazi.
Ukuqondwa kweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zamakhosikazi kwanokujongana nezi mfuno kwinkqubo zocwangciso nakwezo zokufezekiswa kwezithembiso.
Zengingqi Izikhokelo ezinobuchule zengingqi zokuncitshiswa kwentlupheko kwanolingano ngokwesini mazichaze imo yeendlela zobuchule zophuhliso zize iiprojethi ziqwalasele izikhokelo okanye imigqalisela kazwelonke. Zithathelwe ingqalelo iimeko ezithe ngqo kwimimandla kamasipala.
kwimeko ezithe ngqo kwintlupheko yengingqi/iingxaki ezinxulumene nesini maziqwalaselwe.
kumaqela athe ngqo abemi belizwe amawaqwalaselwe zindlela zobuchule neenkqubo kwakunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo kwanezo zifaka amaqela ahlalelekileyo kule nkqubo.
Igalelo lengingqi Umbuzo ngulo: Zithetha ntoni izikholelo/imigqalisela kwimeko ezithe ngqo zamaqela athe ngqo abantu kwindawo ezithe ngqo kumasipala wethu?
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba imigqalisela yesahluko soku -1 kuMthetho woLawulo lwendalo yokusiNgqongileyo ka- 1998 iyasetyenziswa xa kuqulunqwa iindlela zobuchule kwanaxa kucwangcwiswa iiprojekthi.
Uxwebhu oluqulathe konke olubonisa usetyenziso lwemigqalisela yeNEMA kwakunye noxwebhu i-Ajenda -21 yengingqi ephembelele imisebenzi yeNEMA iyenze ukuba ithi ngqo kumasipala. Oku makuboniswe kumaphepha ama- 3-5 akhatshwa yimizobo okanye isicwangciso.
Elungele oko Iindlela zobuchule zikamasipala neeprojekthi kufuneka zihambelene nomgqalisela wenkqubo yophuhliso oluzinzileyo ngokwezifundo ngezinto eziphilayo nendalo, nto ethetha ukuthi usetyenziso loovimba bendalo malungachaphazeleli izizukulwana ezikhoyo kwanezizukulwana ezizayo ezinokuthi zifune ukwaneza imfuno zazo.
Ukuthintelwa kongcoliseko nokusengelwa phantsi kokusingqongileyo.
Ukuthintelwa kwelindle, kuqinisekiswe usetyenziso kwalo kwakhona okanye ukulahlwa kwalo ngendlela enenkathalo.
Ukuqwalaselwa kweziphumo zoxhatshazo loovimba bendalo abangenakwenziwa ngokutsha kwakhona.
Ukuqwalasela ngokukodwa indalo nezinto eziphilayo zendalo, ezibuthathaka nezitshintsha-tshintshayo.
Nokuthintelwa kokuphazanyiswa kweendawo zembali nenkcubeko.
Igalelo likazwelonke Iinzame zokuqwalasela le migqalisela kucwangciso lophuhliso kufuneka ziyiqonde imiqobo kulwazi olukhoyo ngeziphumo zezigqibo kwanamanyathelo.
Zengingqi Izikhokelo ezinobuchule zengingqi, mazinike iinkcukacha zokuba yeyiphi kule migqalisela yokusingqongileyo eqhelekileyo elungele oluphi uhlobo losetyenziso, kweziphi iindawo Ingaba kukujolisa ngokwaneleyo nangokuchanekileyo ukuze izikhokelo zokusingqongileyo zibe nakho ukwazisa izigqibo ezinobuchule noqulunqo lweeprojekthi?
Uludwe loovimba abasemngciphekweni okanye abajongelwe phantsi ngendlela eyodwa.
Uludwe lweendawo ezinokufuna imiqathango yosetyenziso.
Uludwa lwemisebenzi yezoqoqosho efuna uqwalaselo ngokunxulumene negalelo lokusingqongileyo; kwakunye nemingcipheko yeentlekele zokusingqongileyo.
Ngoba Ukuqinisekisa ukuba imiba yophuhliso lwezoqoqosho ngokubanzi neendlela ezinobuchule ze-LED ngokukodwa, zithathelwa ingqalelo xa kuchazwa iindlela zobuchule naxa kucwangciswa iiprojekthi?
Uxwebhu oluqulathe konke (amaphepha 3-5) oluveza inkqubo-sakhelo sawo nawaphi na amanyathelo okukhuthaza uqoqosho (ngokuthe ngqo nokungathanga ngqo) ngumasipala. Izikhokelo zengingqi ziziphumo zeendlela zobuchule zenkuthazo zosetyenziso lweLED/ezoqoqosho kwezo meko zithe ngqo zengingqi.
Kukho ugunyaziso lomgaqo-siseko woomasipala ukukhuthazqa uphuhliso lwezentlalo nezoqoqosho.
Kukhangelwa phi na?
UXwebhu lweNkqubo yokusebenza olulungele ukusetyenziswa kurhulumente wengingqi lukhuthaza oomasipala ukuba bajongane nentswela-ngqesho baze bakhuthaze i-LED.
Ukudalwa kwengqesho esekelwe ekukhuleni kwezoqoqosho nakukhuphiswano yenye yeenjongo eziphambili zeGEAR(Inkqubo yokukhula, Ingqesho nekwabiwa kwakhona).
I-LED ijonge ekudaleni amathuba engqesho kwanokusasazwa kwakhona koovimba bezoqoqosho nokuthi kubekho amathuba kusenzelwa bonke abangabahlali (ngokwenza njalo ibe negalelo ekutshabalaliseni intlupheko) ngokukhula kwezoqoqosho kwanophuhliso olusekelwe okokuqala koovimba bengingqi. Urhulumente wengingqi ufanele ukuba adlale indima ephambili ekukhuthazeni i-LED.
I-IDP ithathwa njengesixhobo sokucwangcisa iinkqubo zenkxaso ze-LED, iqikelela ukuba ezinye iimfuno zentlalo noqoqosho (oko kukuthi imiba ephambili) ziya kujongwa ngamanyathelo e-LED.
Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwezikhokelo zophuhliso zoqoqosho ezithe ngqo kumacandelo okanye ezithe ngqo ngokwendawo ezinokungangeni ndawo kwabanye oomasipala, ezifana naManyathelo oPhuhliso lweNdawo (SDI), iinkqubo zophuhliso kwezolimo, iindlela ezinobuchule zophuhliso lokhenketho njalo njalo. Nayiphi na imizamo yenkuthazo kule mihlaba mayicwangcwiswe ngokweemeko zenkqubo ye-IDP ukuze kufikelelwe kwinkuthazo yoqoqosho edityaniswe kakuhle kwimimandla kamasipala.
a Iindlela zobuchule ze-LED ezithe ngqo kwanezo zidala ingqesho eziya kuthi ke ziqulunqwe ngabo masipala apho intswela ngqesho nokungabikho kwemithombo yengeniso kuyimiba ephambili nto ke leyo esenokuchaphazela iindawo zonke.
b Iindlela zobuchule kwanokuqulunqwa kwezindululo zeeprojekthi kweminye imimandla enokuba nefuthe kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwengingqi umzekelo ulwakhiwo olufuna iindlela ezibanzi, neendlela zokuthengwa kwempahla kurhulumente.
) Amacandelo oqoqosho ekujoliswe kuwo ukukhuthaza (ukhenketho, amashishini asekelwe kwezolimo, amashishini avelisayo.
Imigqalisela esisiseko yenkuthazo umzekelo ukujolisa kubugcisa bobuninzi babasebenzi, ukuba nakho nokungatshitshi.
Amaqela aphambili ekujoliswe kuwo uhlobo lwamashishini kwanabo banokufumana ngokwentekelelo umz.
Kwimfuneko zenkqubo, ulungiso lwamaziko zexesha, khangela iphepha elkuhlobo lomsebenzi wocwangciso kwizikhokelo ezinobuchule zengingqi (2/3).
Ngoba Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindlela zobuchule ze -IDP zijongana neentswelo zamaziko nemiqobo echaphazela ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso, endaweni yokujolisa kuphela kwiiprojekthi zotyalo-mali ezibambekayo?
Zikhokelo zohlaziyo lolawulo kwanokhetho lweemilo ezifanelekileyo zokufezekiswa kwezithembiso eziqondwa njengemeko ethe ngqo kumasipala.
UXwebhu lweNkqubo elungele ukusetyenziswa kurhulumente wengingqi, iCandelo F.
Ukhangela phi na?
Oomasipala bafanele ukwakha izakhono zokufezekisa ukulungiselela iinkonzo ezifumanekayo, ezifikelelekayo, ezingqamene neemfuno ezizisiseko, ezihlangeneyo nezingatshitshiyo neenkonzo ezisemgangathweni ezinobuchule ngendlela enokuphenduleka.
thethwano ekwenzeni izigqibo ngaphakathi kulawulo.
B. Ukhetho lweemilo ezifanelekileyo zokufezekiswa kwezithembiso phantsi kwengqiqo elungelelanisiweyo yezinye indlela ezifana noqukaniso, ubuhlakani bukawonke-wonke, ubuhlakani kwinkampani zangaphandle, ukuqeshisa nemvume nonikezelo kwinkampani zabucala.
Izikhokelo ezinobuchule zamaziko ezizezengingqi mazichaze ukuba zeziphi indlela zokusebenza zohlaziyo lolawulo kwaye zeziphi iindlela zokufezekisa zezithembiso emazicetywe kweziphi iindawo zezibonelelo ngeenkonzo, kuqwalaselwa iimeko ezithe ngqo kummandla kamasipala.
Kwakunye nemilinganiselo yamaziko okanye yemibutho yeeprojekthi ezizizinye.
Ukuchaza iindlela zobuchule zomba ngamnye ngokobunjalo bawo ngokuqwalasela oovimba bezimali bangaphandle nabangaphakathi kwanoovimba bendalo kwanabantu bokusebenza abakhoyo/abanokufikelela kumba ngamnye ophambili ngokuthi baqwalasele ukuqongophala koovimba.
Ukwandisa oovimba abakhoyo bezezimali ngokusebenzisa izisombululo ezinobuchule i ukwenzela ukwazi ukumelana nemiqobo yoovimba bezezimali.
Ukuqashisela okuneenkcukacha ezaneleyo ekufikeleleni kwezezimali, kwezoqeqesho/ kwezabantu/kwezamaziko kwanakoovimba bendalo kwinjongo nganye.
Indlela yobuchule yezezimali zikamasipala echaza iindlela zokwandisa iimali nenkxaso-mali yangaphandle kamasipala ngokubanzi kwanakwinjongo/ umba ophambili ngamnye.
iindlela zobuchule zokufumana imali.
Iindlela zobuchule zezimali (iinkqubo).
Izigqibo zangaphambili mazenziwe ngumasipala ngesabelo soovimba bangaphakathi amababelwe imiba ephambili/iinjongo ezohlukeneyo.
Ukwenza inkcazelo kwingxoxa-mpikiswano zobuchule neentlanganiso zokucebisana ngemiqobo yoovimba elindelekileyo;.
Izindululo kwindlela zobuchule zezimali mazenziwe zicalulwe ngokusebenzisa ulwazi nemibono yengingqi kwanolwazi namava amagcisa angaphanlde.
i Inqanaba lengingqi: Ukudalwa kweendlela ezizezinye zezimali yikomiti yolawulo lwezezimali.
Inqanaba lesithili: Iindlela ezizezinye ezichongwe kwinqanaba lengingqi ziziswa ngaphambili kwintlanganiso yokucebisana yenqanaba lesithili yeendlela zobuchule zophuhliso ngezimali zikamasipala, kwaye iindlela ezizezinye ezongezelelweyo ziya kongezwa ngabo bathath' inxaxheba kuloo ntlanganiso yokucebisana phambi kokuba ziphicothwe.
Inqanaba lengingqi: Izigqibo kwindlela yobuchule efanelekileyo eyingxubevange.
Ulungiso lwezabelo ezenziwa kwinqanaba lesi -2 ngeli lixa kuqwalaselwa izixa eziqikelelweyo ezivela koovimba bezimali abongezelelweyo.
Ukuqulunqwa kweenkcukacha ezilungele oko ngumsebenzi obhalwayo ofuneka wenziwe ngamagosa karhulumente.
Uhlaziyo lwesakhelo soovimba ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuchazwa kwezakhelo zoovimba kwanokuqulunqwa kweendlela zobuchule zezimali ziinkqubo ezi- 2 ezinikana inkcazelo ngokuthungelana. Iindlela zobuchule zezimali ziyimpendulo kwimiqobo yoovimba echongiweyo kwaye ziba nemiphumela ekwandiseni isakhelo soovimba.
Ukumelana nemingeni emitsha kufuna ingqiqo yobuchule.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba oomasipala bayazisebenzisa izisombululo ezitsha, ezinobuchule neziza nezinto ezintsha ukuze bamelane neengxaki kwimingeni emitsha. Oku kuya kulunga kanye ngqo ukuba ngaba iindlela eziqhelekileyo zidla imali ephezulu, azifanelekanga, okanye azizinzanga.
Uluhlu olubanzi lweendlela ezizezinye kumba ophambili ngamnye.
Inkqubo yoyilo yokukhangela ezinye iindlela iyaqhubeka. Abantu abanolwazi nabanesakhono mabathathe inxaxheba kule nkqubo.
Uchongo lweendlela ezizezinye maluqwalasele ulwazi lwengingqi kwaneembono kwanolwazi namava amagcisa angaphandle.
Inqanaba lengingqi: Ukuyilwa kwezinye iindlela kumba ophambili ngamnye kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP okuquka abantu abachaphazelekayo kwanabo bangabantu bengingqi abanolwazi.
Inqanaba lesithili: Iindlela ezizezinye ezichongwe kwinqanaba lengingqi ziziswa ngaphambili kwintlanganiso yokucebisana yophuhliso lweendlela zobuchule ekwinqanaba lesithili, ngemiba ephambili, zize iindlela ezizezinye ezongezelelweyo zongezwe ngabathathi-nxaxheba balo ntlanganiso yokucebisana.
Iindlela ezizezinye ezahlukeneyo eziziswa ngumasipala wengingqi kwanezo zongelelweyo, zongezwe kwinqanaba lesithili ziyacokiswa phambi kokuba ziphicothwe.
a Kubonelelwe ngeenkcukacha zobugcisa kwimiba ezindlela ezizezinye.
Njani b Kuhlutshezwe inkqubo yengqiqo eyilayo ngezinye iindlela c Ukucaciswa nokwalathwa ngqo kwendlela ezizezinye ezicetyiswayo ngendlela apha enika wonke ubani umfanekiso ocacileyo woko kucetywayo.
a Kuyilwe iintlanganiso zokucebisana zenqanaba lesithili kuxhotywe ngokufanelekileyo.
b Kuhlutshezwe ingxoxo-mpikiswano kwinqanaba lengingqi ngendlela ezizezinye ezahlukeneyo.
Inqanaba lesithili: Abantu abanolwazi nabanamava namagcisa ezifundo ezithile (kubandakanywa inqanaba lengingqi nenqanaba lephondo, imibutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente (NGO), amaziko ophando), aya kumenywa kwintlanganiso yokucebisana yokuqulunqa iindlela zobuchule.
Faka abangaphandle abangaziyoukuba kwenziwa njani; nabengingqi abaziyo.
Abaququzeleli mabahlupheze iingcingane zokuyila ngokubuza imibuzo ecela umngeni okwanokuba bacele umngeni kwizisombululo ezichazwe ngaphambili.
Kwimeko kukho imigaqo emiselweyo Esuka kumasebe kazwelonke nakumasebe amaphondo angafanelekanga okanye angaphumeleliyo, iintlanganiso zokucebisana zenqanaba lezithili mazisetyenziswe ziqalise iingxoxo-mpikiswano ekulungisweni nesekwamkelweni kwemigaqo elolo hlobo.
I-IDP liQonga lokusombulula imiba ekubanjenwe ngayo.
INJONGO: Ukwenza igalelo kwizisombululo eziyinyani kubumnini babo bamelwe kukufumana kwakunye nakwizigqibo zongquzulwano ezingafihlisiyo nezamkelekileyo.
Intlanganiso yamalungu eQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP, apho kuyilwa khona indlela ezizezinye, mayisetyenziswe kuvunyelwene namalungu ngeenkqubo noxanduva lwengxoxo -mpikiswano.
Iindlela zokukhuthaza ingxoxo-mpikiswano zezokuthatha inxaxheba kwamajelo osasazo engingqi, iindawo zikawonke-wonke.
Izindululo, namaxhala neempixwano ezivela kwingxoxo-mpikiswano kawonke-wonke mazisiwe kuphicotho lweendlela ezizezinye nenkqubo zokwenza izigqibo zeQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le- IDP kwakunye neentlanganiso zokucebisana zeendlela zobuchule.
Kuxhomekeke kumalungu eQonga lengxoxo laBameli le-IDP, ukukhuthaza iingxoxo-mpikiswano phakathi kwamaqela okanye uluntu abalumeleyo.
Abantu abanolwazi bengingqi mabathathe inxaxheba badlale indima engundoqo kwingxoxo-mpikiswano ezilolu hlobo.
Ubume kwanokuphathelela kweengxoxo-mpikiswano kwimiba yeendlela ezinobuchule, bohluka kakhulu ngokwemiba esekelwe kwizakhono zabantu kwaneqondo lokuzixakekisa kwabo. Ayingabo bonke abantu abaziva benakho , kwaye benomdla wokuthatha inxaxheba kwingxoxo-mpikiswano kwimiba ethile.
Amagqabantshintshi eendlela zobuchule ezizezinye nokuyinzuzo nokungeyonzuzo kumba ophambili ngamnye kwakunye nezigqibo zobuchule kwiBhunga lesithili kwanemiba ephambili enqumla umda.
Ubandakanyo lwabameli abavela kwinqanaba lengingqi, kumacandelo amaphondo / kuzwelonke nakwiingcaphephe.
Oomasipala bengingqi kufuneka bachazele izithili ngemiba ephambili phambi kwesiphelo zesigaba sokuqala.
Kusekelwa kwimiba ephambili echongwe ngoomasipala bengingqi noomasipala bezithili, izithili mazenze izigqibo zokuba yeyiphi imiba emayidityaniswe kwintlanganiso yokucebisana enye. Imiba ephambili echaphazela umasipala omnye mayichotshelwe ziintlanganiso zokucebisana kwinqanaba lengingqi.
AmaBhunga ezithili (encediswa ngamaziko azo azi-PIM) mawaququzelelel le nkqubo.
Isimemo sengcaphephe namagqwetha kwimiba enqumleza amacandelo umzekelo okusingqongileyo, ucwangciso lwendawo, isini, uGawulayo okanye iAids ne- HIV sibaluleke oku kwesimemo sawo onke amacandelo aphathelelene noku umzekelo iingcaphephe zolimo kunkcenkceshelo ezivela kwiSebe lezolimo, kwintlanganiso yokucebisana ngemiba yokuziswa kwamanzi.
Ukuyilwa kweendlela zobuchule ezizezinye nokuzicokisa kuqwalaselwe iindlela ezizezinye ebezichongwe ngexa elingaphambili, kwinqanaba lengingqi.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabameli bephondo/bakazwelonke kwakunye neengcaphephe ezinesakhono zezifundo ezithile.
Intlanganiso yengxoxo ngendlela eziphambili, ingathatha usuku ukuya kwezi -5, oko kuxhomekeke ekuxananazeni komba kwakunye nobungakanani bukamasipala ochaphazelekayo.
Uququzelelo olufanelekileyo ngamaxesha athile kuthatyatho-zigqibo olunzima kwakunye neenkqubo zokusombulula ungquzulwano.
INJONGO: Ukwenza igalelo kusetyenziso loovimba abanqongopheleyo bakamasipala, ukulungiselela abantu abachaphazelekayo, oko kunxulumene nemigqalisela yenkqubo yophuhliso.
Iinkcukacha malunga negalelo elilindelekileyo (okuyinzuzo nokungeyonzuzo) zindlela ezizenye ezichongiweyo phantsi koqwalaselo lweempawu ezahlukeneyo.
Ubandakanyo loluhlu olungabameli babathathi-nxaxheba abavela kumanqanaba awahlukeneyo kwanemimandla (kumelwe imiba yezoqoqosho, yezokusingqongileyo, yezentlalo, isini, indawo, imiba yamaziko kwanemiba yamaqela abo bangabazuzayo) khon'ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba yonke imiba engundoqo iqwalaselwe luphicotho.
Iindlela ezizezinye ezichongiweyo nezicokisisiweyo kumba ngamnye ophambili mazidweliswe. Ngokwenza oko, ubani makaqinisekise ukuba indlela nganye ibekwe yacaciswa ngendlela evakalayo neyanelisayo ukuqinisekisa uthelekiso nophicotho.
Ngeli lixa ingxoxo-mpikiswano ebanzi, ngezinto eziyinzuzo nezingeyonzuzo kwindlela nganye, mazikhuthazwe, abaqeqeshelwe oko mabaqala ngokuqokelela iinkcukacha ngempembelelo zeendlela ezizezinye.
Makuvunyelwane ngemigqalisela yophicotho oluthelekisayo.
Okokugqibela, iindlela ezizezinye maziphicothwe zithelekiswa nemigqalisela kuqwalaselwa iziphumo zeenkcubeko ezinikezelwe ziingcaphephe kwanembono ebezichola-cholwe kwiingxoxo-mpikiswano zikawonke-wonke.
Inqanaba lengingqi: Ingxoxo-mpikiswano kawonke-wonke malunga neendlela ezizezinye mayikhuthazwe liQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP. Kwimeko apho wonke ubani ebonakalisa ukuba nomdla, amajelo osasazo mawathathe inxaxheba ukuze kuqulunqwe iindibano neengcungela. Amagcisa neengcungela ezijongene noku, mawacelwe abonelele ngeenkcukacha eziyimfuneko ezimalunga neendleko nezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo.
Inqanaba lesithili: Kwimiba ye-DC xa iyonke kwakunye nemiba echaphazela ngokufanayo oomasipala bengingqi abaliqela, ukuhlolwa okokugqibela kweendlela ezizezinye makwenziwe njengenxalenye yeentlanganiso zokucebisana ezibanzi ngokwesithili nezendlela ezinobuchule ukwenzala ukuba kuqinisekiswe uthatho-nxaxheba lweengcungela zikazwelonke nezephondo kwakunye namanye amajelo oqeqesho.
Uphicotho lweendlela ezizezinye lungenziwa ngendlela ezimbini: Ngendlela yeengxoxo-mpikiswano ezivulekileyo nezingaqigqwanga nangendlela yemiba ehambelana nechasene kwanangendlela yothelekiso olucwangciswe ngendlela esekelwe kwimigqalisela nezinto eziyinyani. Kweminye imiba, iingxoxo-mpikiswano zikawonke-wonke zingaba zezifanelekileyo ukanti ke kungabi njalo kwabanye.
Ixesha elimisiweyo lenyanga enye malisetyenziswe kwingxoxo nakuphicotho lwendlela ezizezinye.
ezivulelekileyo kuphicotho olwucwangciswe kakuhle nolusekelwe kwiimpawu.
Iindlela zobuchule zophuhliso lukamasipala kumba ngokunxulumene ngamnye, ezingqamelene nezicwangciso zikaZwelonke nesiphumo namacandelo kwanemfuneko zocwangciso.
Ezi ndlela zobuchule kufuneka zibonise iindlela zokufezekiswa kweenjongo kusetyenziswa oovimba abakhoyo.
Uluhlu lweeprojekthi ezichongiweyo.
Izigqibo ngeendlela zobuchule mazenziwe ngamaqela abameli abo bangabathathi-nxaxheba ngendlela efanayo nophicotho lweendlela ezizezinye phantsi koqwalaselo lwemilinganiselo xa iyonke.
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwezigqibo: Izigqibo zeendlela ezinobuchule nezisekelwe ngemigqalisela kwanaphezu kwenkqubo yokuhlola ecwangciswe ngendlela kunokuba zisekelwe kwivoti yesininzi.
Kwingxoxo-mpikiswano, ukuze phambi kokuba abo bathatha inxaxheba bagqibe ngendlela yobuchule.
Ukuqinisekisa ukungafihlisi nokugqibelela ngokubonisa zonke iimpawu zemilinganiselo eeprojekthi ngokwemeko.
Iingcebiso zoYilo Kucetyiswa ukusetyenziswa kwale ndlela inye lweziphumo yephepha elinye elisemgangathweni lezindululo zeeprojekthi zonke.
Ukwakhiwa kwesindululo sale projekthi kuqwalasela zonke iimfuneko zocwangcwiso lwamacandelo athile ngokubhekiselele kuyilo lweprojekthi.
NGOBA baya kuyixhasa baze bayenze eyabo?
Izindululo zeeprojekthi zibonisa iimfuno ezithile ngokunxulumene neemfuneko zoluntu/abo banebango nesiphumo abazivakalisileyo ezo mfuno bavumelana ngazo.
Makwaziswe uluntu oluchaphazelekayo, abanebango nenkqubo kwana nabahlali ngeeprojekthi ezinqwenelwayo, mabamenyelwe ezintlanganisweni kuqwalaselwe izimvo nemiba ebaxhalabisayo.
Ubume benkqubo zeeprojekthi. Ukuyila amaseko okanye iinkonzo ezinxulumene noluntu olusendaweni kufuna uthetha-thethwano olunzulu noluntu olo luchaphazelekayo, ngakumbi ukuba kukho ubuhlakani boluntu lonke. Oku kukwanjalo nakwiiprojekthi ezifuna ukunika inkxaso okanye zibandakanye intsebenziswano yabathile ebanebango.
Kwiiprojekthi ezibanzi zikamasipala iindibano zikawonke-wonke okanye iingxoxo kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP zingayeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo.
NJANI ngemiba engabafanelenga?
Uxanduva lwamaziko eeProjekthi mayikulungele ukutshintsha. Le ndlela olucetyiswayo ayifuni nkqubo-sakhelo yamaziko emiswe ngexa elingaphambili.
Naluphi ubandakanyo okanye uthatho nxaxheba loluntu ngokohlobo lweeprojekthi. okanye lwabanebango malikubonise oko.
Ixesha elisikiweyo amaqela abantu abachaphazelekayo, ngamehlo malingadluli kwinyanga ezentlalo, isini, ngokweminyaka yobudala, enye ngokomthetho. Xa ngokwendawo njl.
kukho ungquzulwano mbini kumaqela athile.
Kwiiprojekthi ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa ngamaGqiza oPhando komhlaba okanye ukusetyenziswa kwabanye oovimba eeProjekthi, abaququzeleli bendalo emaphandleni, ukubandakanywa amagunya be-IDP mababe nenxaxheba eNkosi zemveli kungangundoqo kuxhomekeka yokujonga ukufumaneka kwindima edlalwa lulawulo lweeNkosi kummandla kweendlela ezifanelekileyo othile.
zokusombulula olo ngquzulwano.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba izindululo zeeprojekthi zilungelelaniswa neendlela zobuchule zamacandelo neenkqubo zamacandelo karhulumente kazwelonke nowamaphondo.
NGOBA Lo msebenzi uya kunceda ekumiseleni ukuthengwa kwabathatha inxaxheba karhulumente abaphambili, abangekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente nabamacandelo abucala?
neziphumo nkqubo iindlela zobuchule, imiba ephambili, iinkqubo neendlela zokwenza ezinobugcisa zamasebe amacandelo kazwelonke nawamaphondo nabubuchwepheshe bamaqela angekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente nobamacandelo abucala.
Isakhono samaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi sokukwazi ukukhetha eyona ndlela indlela efanelekileyo yobugcisa neyokuququzelela xa kuyilwa izindululo zeeprojekthi.
Ubume benkqubo liqwalasela ukuba ngawaphi amasebe amacandelo, amahlakani angekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente namacandelo abucala, emakuthetha- thwane nawo ekuqulunqeni izindululo zeeprojekthi.
Phambi kokuthetha-thethana naba bantu, mabaziswe ngemvelaphi yeeNdlela zobuchule neenjongo zoPhuhliso ezithe zenza ukuba kuchongwe iiprojekthi nenkqubo-sakhelo yoovimba bezimali ezinokusebenza kuzo. Makucaciswe inkqubo yoqulunqo lweprojekthi ukuphakamisa umgangatho wegalelo lamagosa namahlakani amacandelo.
NJANI Uthatho-nxaxheba maluququzelelwe ngendlela enganamiqathango ngokweemfunoezithe ngqo. kwiimeko ezininzi unxibelelwano olubhaliweyo okanye unxibelelwano ngemfonomfono lungasebenza ngcono ngaphezu kweentlanganiso?
Uxanduva lwamaziko karhulumente, namahlakani asukakwimibutho olucetywayo engalawulwa ngurhulumente namacandelo abucala akamelanga kuba yinxalenye yeGqiza loPhando leeProjekthi, ngokomthetho, kodwa mawachwechwelwe xa kuyimfuneko oko.
Kuxa amagosa amacandelo asuka kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente namahlakani asuka kwimibutho engalawulwa ngurhulumente namacandelo abucala ayingxam kuyilo lwezindululo zeeprojekthi kuphela apho anokuba yinxalenye yeGqiza loPhando leeProjekthi.
Khumbula ukuba iiprojekthi ezimbaxa nezixandileyo Amagosa amacandelo ziya kuciciyelwa ngakumbi kwizifundo zophando asuka kwamanye amacandelo zokubanakho ukwenzeka.
abucala aya kubandakanya rhulumente nakumacandelo abucala mayijoliswe amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuze kwiimfuneko zeziphumo zezindululo zeeProjekthi oku kungqinelane neeprojekthi eziyiliweyo kweli nqanaba kwesi sigaba.(3/3).
Injongo: Ukunika umfanekiso ocacileyo wefuthe elilindelekileyo nenzuzo zeprojekthi kwikansile, iqumrhu lolawulo nakuwonke-wonke, ngokuthi kubekho ukuthetheleleleka kweeprojekthi nesiseko senkqubo yobeko-sweni.
Ingcebiso ngokwakha Izalathisi zemibono mazigqitywe njengenxalenye ubume benkqubo yenkqubo ephindiweyo yocwangciso lweprojekthi ukuze ibe yeyokwenene. Kungaba nakho ukufumanisa ubukhulu befuthe elilindelekileyo, ukuba iGqiza loPhando lweeProjekthi liyazi ukuba zeziphi iziphumo ekujoliswe kuzo ezinokufikeleleka ngoncedo loovimba abakhoyo.
Iingcebiso zokuYila Injongo ingaqiniswa sisalathisi esinye esiqonda yonke iziphumo imilinganiselo eqingqiweyo okanye liqela lezalathisi okanye ngokunikezela ngenkcukacha ezinobunjani ubunjani ngendlela ecwangcwisiweyo yetheyibhile.
Iinjongo ezichazayo umzekelo, uqhelaniso lweenkonzo oluphuculiweyo lolawulo lukamasipala kungafuneka zichazwe zizalathisi ezingathanga ngqo njengepesenti eyandisiweyo yabaxumi abanelisekileyo ziinkonzo okanye ixesha elincitshisiweyo lokuma ulinde.
Ukuya kunyaka wama-2005 izinga lentswela-ngqesho kwilokishi engu-X ithotywe ukusuka kuma-40% yaya kuthi xhaxhe kuma-30% amabhinqa/abantu ababhinqileyo lehle ukusuka kuma-50% laya kuma kuma-35%.
Izalathisi ziluncedo kuphela ekubekeni impumelelo esweni ukuba zinokuhlolwa okanye zilinganiswe ngaphandle kokudala iindleko ezinkulu ekufumaneni iinkcukacha.
Apho kunzima khona ukulinganisa ifuthe ngokwesigama somlinganiselo, uhlolo lwenxaxheba lwempumelelo namaqela ekujoliswe kuwo nabantu abanolwazi bengingqi bangacetyiswa.
Injongo: Ukubonelela ulawulo lweprojekthi nabo kujongwe ukuba bazuze ngumbono ocacileyo waloo nto baza kuyifezekisa, abantu, ixesha nendawo.
Ezilindelekileyo ngawuphi unyaka nakweyiphi na indawo.
Ingcebiswano namaqela ekujoliswe nenkqubo kuwo namahlakani eeprojekthi.
phindayo ngexesha apho iziphumo namanani ekujoliswe kuwo zilungelelaniswe ngemvisiswano nezalathisi zeenjongo nendlela apha eza kwandisa amathuba anokuthi ngezo ziphmo zinikiweyo ezifumanekayo iinjongo zinokufezekiswa.
Izigqibo ngamaqela ekujoliswe kuwo, izinto ekujoliswe kuzo ngonyaka neendawo zithathwa ukuba zizigqibo ngemiba ebalulekileyo ngubani oza kuqala?
NJANI banebango (khangela Umsebenzi wocwangciso 1/2)?
Iingcebiso zokuYila Iziphumo yimiba ezinokufezekiseka; zibonisa oko iziphumo kuyakunikezwa yi-arhente eyenza iprojekthi kubaxhasi/ amaqela ekujoliswe kuwo.
Imiba ekujoliswe kuyo zizinto ezichaza malunga nobuninzi beziphumo, ezibonisa ubungakanani bento emayifezekiswe ngexesha elithile.
Iindawo mazicaciswe kuphela ngeziphumo zeprojekthi ezinganikwanga kwindawo yonke ngaxesha nye.
Amalungiselelo / Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuchazwa kweziphumo izinto uxanduva lwamaziko ekujoliswe kuzo kwaneendawo, uluhlu lwezigqibo olucetywayo. zobugcisa noququzelo zendlela zobuchule imilinganiselo ongaphi kufuneka zithathwe ngamaGgiza oPhando eeProjekthi umze. Ngezixhobo zokwakha, ubungakanani nendawo ngqo yezibonelelo. Ezi zigqibo zifuna ukubandakanyeka kwabo banelungelo lokuzuza nayo yonke imibutho emele ukuba nendima eyidlalayo ekuxhaseni ngezimali nasekufezekiseni iprojekthi.
Khangela 3/3 zokuqhuba iinkqubo zeenkonzo. Noxa ezinye zezi zigqibo zazise zigqitywe ngex'elingaphambili njengenxalenye yenkqubo yothatho lwezigqibo zeendlela zobuchule eziquka lukhulu, eminye imiba inganyanzelisa ukuba igqitywe ngokwemeko nganye kwinqanaba lengingqi. Izigqibo ezinjalo mazibe phantsi koqwalaselo olungqingqwa lwezinto zazo ezirheshiweyo zokungatshitshi iindleko zokusebenza ezilandelweyo ezirheshiweyo negalelo elivakalayo ukufikeleleka, inani labantu abanokufumana kwisakhelo sohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali senkqubo yeenkonzo.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano olungenachaphaza phakathi kocwangcwiso nofezekiso ngokulungisa inkqubo sikhokelo yocwangcwiso loshishino leminyaka ecakaciweyo.
Inkcazelo yamagqabantshintshi yokulindelekileyo ngokunxulumene engagqibekanga exela omakwenziwe nini kwaye nesiphumo ngubani nokuba ngubani.
Ingcebiso ngokubunjwa Ucwangciso lomsebenzi luthetha ukuyelelisa iziphumo kweNkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo namajelo akhoyo. Ngoko ke, malubhekiselele ngakwiziphumo ezinqwenelekayo ngeli xa kukho umfanekiso wesakhelo engqondweni.
Iingcebiso Ucwangcwiso lwemisebenzi olunenkcukacha zokuYila lusenokungenzeki okanye aluyomfuneko iziphumo kwesi sigaba socwangciso. Yiloo misebenzi ingundoqo efunekayo ekwenzeni uqikelelo lobalo lweendleko nezinto ezifunekayo kuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali kuphela emayifunyaniswe.
Iishedyuli zexesha mazibe yiminyaka emihlanu.
ukumiswa kwexesha kwimisebenzi ixesha kungenziwa minyaka le.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano osondeleleneyo phakathi kocwangciso nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali ngokuthi kufikelelwe kuqashelo lokwenene malunga neemfuno zezimali.
NGOBA Ukuba negalelo kwimisebenzi/iinkonzo ezifikelelekayo nezingatshitshiyo ngokufika kuqikelelo lwenene lweendleko zokusebenza ezibandelwa ziiiprojekthi?
Uqikelelo lwendleko zotyalo-mali ngeyunithi nganye.
Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lweprojekthi inkcitho yesixa kwisiphumo semali namajelo ezimali.
Uqikelelo lweendleko zokusebenza zonyaka namajelo ezimali.
Ukucebisana okunzulu kunye nonondyebo namaziko kwiNkqubo ezimali.
ubume benkqubo lwabiwo-mali lwakuqala ngezizathu zeziphumo ezilindelweyo nemisebenzi engundoqo/ephambili.
Ukuthelekisa nolwabiwo lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwakuqala nolwazi lwamajelo ezimali.
NJANI Ukulungelelanisa imfuno zohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali nolwabiwo lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali ngokuhlaziya iziphumo ekujoliswe kuzo nemisebenzi okanye nangokukhangela amajelo ezimali ongezelelekileyo (ngokwezindululo zeprojekthi eyilwayo)?
NGUBANI Nabo balindeleke ukuba babe negalelo ekuncediseni iprojekthi ngezimali?
Onke amanani eendleko nawohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali zingqikelelo nje ezicingelekayo kwesi sigaba socwangciso.
Isicwangciso esinye neemfuneko ngokwasemthethweni. Ngaphezu koko esihlangeneyo izindululo kufuneka zivunyelaniswe ngokunxulumene neziqulatho, indawo ukumiswa kwexesha ukuze kufikelelwe kwiinkqubo eziluqilima nezihlangeneyo zoomasipala kwakunye nee-arhente zamacandelo okanye abaniki-zinkonzo ababandakanyekayo ekubonelelweni kweenkonzo apha phakathi kumasipala. Esi sigaba singundoqo ekufikeleleni kwisicwangciso esihlangeneyo sophuhliso (IDP).
a Izindululo ezihlaziyiweyo zeeprojekthi ezithathwa njengamaxwebhu ocwangciso lufezekiso okanye zilungele izifundo zophando ngokunokwenzeka.
lwabiwo-mali. (Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/3).
Ukuqinisekisa (c) Isicwangciso esinye sezimali seminyaka emi-5 uqhagamshwelwano kumasipala, esithathwa njengenkqubo-sikhokelo olusondeleyo kucwangciso yexesha eliphakathi yokulawula ukuqokelelwa nakuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali kwezicwangcwiso zokusebenza zikamasipala kwanocwangciso lwenkcitho. Siquka inkcitho kwinkunzi nakwinkcitho eyenzeka qho size sisebenze njengoxwebhu olungundoqo ekuqinisekiseni uqhagamshelwano olusondelayo phakathi kocwangciso nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
equka utyalo-mali lukawonke-wonke kuwo onke amajelo ezimali.
mali (umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/5).
Uqhagamshelwano (e) Inkqubo eluqilima yokusebenza yeminyaka emi-5 olusondeleyo locwangciso enika amagqabantshintshi eeprojekthi ngokwezigaba nofezekiso kwakunye neziphumo ekujoliswe kuzo zonyaka njengesiseko soqwalaselo ngeliso elibukhali nenkqubo kwanokubanjwa kwemo yezicwangciso zokusebenza zonyaka (Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/6).
Ukumisa iimeko zolawulo (f) Inkqubo yolawulo ehlangeneyo yoqwalaselo ngeliso oluthe rhoqo lweenkcubeko elibukhali kwanezalathisi zokwenza. Le nkqubo isikelwe kwizalathisi ezingqamene neeprojekthi, iziphumo ekujoliswe kuzo kwanemigama ehanjiweyo enxulumene nemisebenzi. Ikwenza ukuhamba kweenkcuka kube luqilima ngendlela yokuthi inikezele ngeenkcukacha eziyimfuneko kulawulo lukamasipala.
Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/7.
Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/8.
h Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yoncitshiso lwentlupheko/yolingano ngokwesini ebonisa ukuhambelana kwe-IDP nezikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo ezinxulumene nentlupheko nemiba yesini.
Ukukhangela nezikhokelo (i) Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yendalo esingqongileyo ebonisa zemigaqo-nkqubo ukuhambelana kwe-IDP nemigaqo-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo, enceda ukuqinisekisa amanyathelo amisiweyo negqibeleleyo ngokungqamene negalelo lendalo esingqongileyo, kwaye isebenza njengesiseko soqwalaselo ngeliso elibukhali legalelo lendalo kokusingqongileyo.
Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/10.
Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/12.
ebonisa zonke inzame zokuqubisana nalo bhubhane ngokwemeko ezikhoyo.
Ukuzilungiselela (m) Isicwangciso solawulo lwentlekele sona sithi ngokufanelekileyo ngokuchasene nemiba enqumlezayo enxulumene kwiintlekele nezicwangciso ezihlangeneyo singabi kukuqokelelwa kwemiba neziqulatho zezicwangciso esahlukileyo esizimeleyo nesibonisa ulungiselelo lukamasipala ukumelana nemiboniso yentlekele engakho.
Uninzi lwezi ziphumo zizishwankathelo. Azifuni lucwangciso longeziweyo kwanamanqanaba othatyatho- zigqibo. Zifuna ukuphononongwa, ukuhlaziywa kwanokuba ziqulunqwe.
Inqanaba 1: Uncino lwazo zonke izindululo zeprojekthi eziyilwayo kukhangelwa ukuhambelana kwazo nemigaqo-nkqubo, uwiso-mthetho, imiba ephambili, iinjongo, iinkqubo-sikhokelo yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali, iindlela zobuchule neempawu zokubanakho ukwenzeka.
Imizamo neziphumo zenkqubo yokuncinwa ziziswa enxulumene nokwenza kwiQonga leNgxoxo Labameli le-IDP, elithi ngenxa yeemali nemiba lifikelele kwiziphakamiso ephambili zeeprojekthi eziyilwayo ngokuthi zixukushwe ngenkqubo ngengxoxo.
ukuhambelana nomgaqo-nkqubo, imiba ephambili, iindlela zobuchule neempawu zokunokwenzeka nezokubakho.
ulungelelwano phakathi kweeprojekthi ngokunxulumene nendawo, ixesha neziqulatho.
Ulwabiwo lweemali kwakunye nemiba ephambili ngokunxulumene nokumiswa kwexesha kungqamene ngokukhulu nokuphathelelena kwanobunjani bezindululo zeeprojekthi. Oku kudala ukuba amaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi aqulunqe iiprojekthi ezingqamene nemigqalisela, izikhokelo neemfuneko (Inqanaba loku-1 nelesi-2 adityaniswe kumsebenzi wocwangciso 4/1).
Inqanaba lesi-3: Izindululo zeeprojekthi ziyalungiswa ngamaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi ngokunxulumene neeziphakamiso ngeli lixa kwangexesha nye, iinkqubo ezihlangeneyo nezicwangwciso (eziyinxalenye zeendlela zobuchule zokusebenza) ziqokelelwayo ngamagosa/abaqeqeshiweyo abongamele iinkalo enqumlanayo. Njengoko iinkqubo ezihlangeneyo kufuneka zibonise izindululo zeeprojekthi ezihlaziyiweyo, zombini ezi nkqubo mazenziwe ngeendlela esebenzisanayo.
Inqanaba lesi-4: Iinkqubo ezihlangeneyo nezicwangciso ziziswa zixoxwe ntlanganiso yeQonga lengxoxo labameli le-IDP yokucebisana. Inqanaba lesi-3 nelesi-4 ayadityaniswa kumsebenzi wocwangcwiso 4/2.
zingqamene nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule, iinjongo, nezikhokelo zoovimba zibonisa iimfuno eziphambili zabantu zicwangciswe ngendlela engenazindleko zingafezekiswa ngendlela elungelelaniswe kakuhle.
Amagqabantshintshi nohlaziyo oluphakanyiswayo kwizindululo zeeprojekthi ezingenisiweyo.
Iinkqubo zamacandelo oyilo eziqulunqiweyo nezisekelwe kwizindululo zeeprojekthi.
Inkcazelo-ntetho neengxoxo ngezindululo zeeprojekthi kwiQonga leNgxoxo labaMeli le -IDP, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana kwamacandelo nobunxaninzi-beenkalo.
Ungeniso lwezindululo zeeprojekthi eziyilwayo kwiKomiti yeThutyana ye-IDP nakwii-arhente zamacandelo ukulungiselela uncino ngokunxulumene neemfuneko zamacandelo kwakunye nokuqulunqwa kweenkqubo eziyilwayo zamacandelo.
Iziphakamiso zohlaziyo lwezindululo zeeprojekthi eziyilwayo kumaGqiza ophando eeprojekthi.
Ukuhambelana nezikhokelo, imiba ephambili, iinjongo iimfuneko ngokomthetho.
Ukuba nakho ukwenzeka kweeprojekthi endululwayo.
Amasebe amacandelo/ii-arhente ezongamele uphononongo lweemfuneko zolungelelwano lwamacandelo kwanokuluqwa kweenkqubo zamacandelo ezizinzisiweyo.
IKomiti yeThutyana ye-IDP kufuneka yenze umsebenzi obhalwayo ukukhangela zonke izindululo zeeprojekthi phambi kokuba zixoxwe kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
INJONGO: Ukwenza ukuba ulawulo lukamasipala, imibutho enika inkxaso-mali, abezopolitiko, abachaphazelekayo abohlukeneyo kwakunye nowonke-wonke onomdla enze uphononongo oluzinzileyo ngokunxulumene nemiba enqumlayo efana nokunokwenzeka ngokwezimali, ifuthe lendawo, ezoqoqosho, ezentlalo negalelo lendalo esingqongileyo.
Inkqubo - sikhokelo eHlangeneyo yoPhuhliso lwendawo.
Ukuziswa kweenkqubo ezihlangeneyo/izicwangciso kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Ngeli lixa amaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi ehlaziya izindululo zeeprojekthi izicwangciso ezihlangeneyo kwimilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo ziyaqulunqwa ngentsebenziswano neeNkqubo yohlaziyo lweeprojekthi.
Kwangaxeshanye , ii-arhente zamacandelo mazihlaziye iinkqubo zamacandelo zawo.
Amalungu eKomiti yeThutyana ye-IDP, IQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le - IDP okanye ezinye iingcungela, mazonyulwe ziqulunqe izicwangciso ezihlangeneyo izindululo zeeprojekthi nezikhokelo zendlela zobuchule zengingqi zibe sisiseko soku.
Ukumiselwa kwenkqubo nezicwangcwiso ezihlangeneyo ukwenzela ukuba kongezwe kumsebenzi wocwangcwiso osele wenziwe ukuze kuthi ga ngoku. Oko kuthetha ukuqokelela izishwankathelo ezivela kwiimbono ezinqumlezanayo.
oku kungadala uhlaziyo lwezindululo zeeprojekthi kwanezilungiso zezicwangcwiso ezihlangeneyo okanye iinkqubo ezihlangeneyo.
nemigqalisela yamacandelo, iindlela zobuchule, iinkqubo, ngokwenza njalo kudaleke isiseko nesicwangciso sokusebenza kwamacandelo sohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
Isishwankathelo senkcazelo kumaphepha ama-2 ukuya 3, kwicandelo ngalinye elinqulunqelwe iiprojekthi kwinkqubo ye-IDP.
Ukuqulunqwa kweziphumo ezizinzisiweyo imiba ekujoliswe kuyo/iindawo/iishedyuli zamaxesha zeeprojekthi ezithe ngqo kumacandelo okanye izintlu zamacandelo eeprojekthi.
Apho kukho khona iimfuneko zowiso-mthetho kumacandelo kazwelonke nawephondo, mazibandakanywe kulo macandelo aza kujongwa njengenxalenye yezintlu ze-IDP.
Ingaba imiba yamacandelo yophicotho kujongwene nayo?
Ingaba ziyahambelana nezikhokelo zamacandelo?
Ingaba zikho ezinye iindlela zokwenza ezingakwaziyo okanye ezingena kumelana namagalelo amacandelo, anokuba ngafanelekileyo.
Shwankathela kwicandelo ngalinye onke amanyathelo, imiba, imisebenzi njengenxalenye yenkqubo egqibekileyo ukulungiselela ulawulo lofezekiso.
Khangela ukuba imisebenzi yocwangciso yamacandelo ingaba ingqamene na nabasebenzi boovimba bezezimali uze uqwalasele imiba yexesha nendawo.
Nika amagqiza ophando eeprojekthi, iinkcukacha ngeziphumo xa kukho ukungahambelani okanye uqwalaselo olunganelanga.
Nikezela inkqubo yecandelo ngalinye namagqabantshintshi neziphakamiso kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Uqulunqo lweenkqubo nganye yamacandelo ehlangeneyo mayenziwe ligosa eliphezulu likamasipala elifanele ukulawula ufezekiso lwenkqubo.
Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yecandelo ayiyo Nkqubo yongezelelweyo ngaphandle kweeprojekthi ezijongene nemiba ephambili. Yenzelwe ukuba inqakule kwiiprojekthi ze-IDP xa zizonke, ngokwamacandelo igalelo lenkqubo zamacandelo ngokwemeko ize izingqamanise nezinye iiprojekthi zamasebe ngokwexesha elimisiweyo noovimba abafumanekayo.
Kulo macandelo afuna isicwangcwwiso esisodwa samacandelo, iziphumo ezibe yinxalenye yezi zicwangciso zamacandelo zichanekile kunezo zidweliswe kwiphepha eliluhlobo olulolunye nge"Nkqubo ezihlangeneyo zamacandelo".
iqela lamaphepha eenkcukacha aqulathe imiba ekujoliswe kuyo iinkcukacha zabasebenzisi ezikhoyo nezexesha elizayo kwanamanqanaba eenkonzo.
uzinzo lwamanzi amajelo amanzi nobunjani bawo.
iinkonzo yamanzi namaziko, izakhiwo, oomatshini abakhoyo.
Ezinye iziqulatho zeWSDP ziya kuba sezivelisiwe kwizigaba zangaphambili zenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
a Ichaze ngokuthe ngqo iinguqu kwimigaqo-nkqubo yeendlela zobuchule yocwangcwiso lwegunya kwezothutho phantsi emhlabeni.
c Iquka zonke iintlobo zezothutho kwanamaziko ezinto, izakhiwo, oomatshini abakhoyo, kwaneendlela ezintsha nezilungisiweyo kwanophuhliso lwentengiso ezinegalelo kwinkqubo yothutho emhlabeni, imiba yomhlaba yezothutho kwizitishi zenqwelomoya namachweba.
iincwadana zezithuthi zikawonke-wonke iindlela zobuchule kumaphepha-mvume okusebenza isicwangcwiso sengqiqo kwiimeko zeenkonzo zenkxaso.
f imise indlela yobuchule kulawulo lemfuno yokuhamba.
h nendlela yobuchule okanye isilungiso sokuhanjiswa kwamachiza/izinto ezinobungozi.
Iinkcukacha ngemvelaphi yemigaqo-nkqubo nemithetho elungele oko, ubalo lwabazelweyo nababhubhileyo ubungakanani belindle neempawu, indlela zolawulo lwelindle ezikhoyo, ukubonelelwa ngezimali, abanebango, uphicotho lweemfuno.
I-IWMP luxanduva olukhawulezileyo kumasipala ngamnye.
Umasipala makachonge igosa lecandelo elongamele I-IWMP ekupheleni kwesigaba soku-1.
kujongenwe nazo kwinkqubo yocwangciso elungelene noko.
Achanekileyo Khangela izikhokelo zokuqulunqwa kwezicwangcwiso zolawulo lwelindle ezihlangeneyo, kwakunye nolawulo lwelindle kwindawo ezinengxinano nezingafikelelwayo zinkozo, ukuze kufunyanwe izikhokelo ezithe ngqo nezinenkcukacha.
Iimfuneko zidweliswe kwinkqubo kaRhulumente elungele ukusetyenziswa malunga nongcoliseko oluhlangeneyo nolawulo lwelindle eMzantsi Afrika, apho kunofumaniseka khona iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu. Iimfuneko mazimiselwe ngokomthetho kwinkqubo yokuphuculwa komthetho, ezayo, kwi DEAT.
Ezinye iziqulatho zeIWMP ziya kuba sele zenziwe kwizigaba ezingaphambili zenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Umzekelo ngulo: iinkcukacha zentsusa, ubalo lwabazelweyo nababhubhuileyo nabungakanani belindle neempawu, ziya kuba selel zivelisiwe kwisigaba sophuhliso - njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-IDP okanye zingqamene ngokunxulumene necandelo nemiba ephambili ye-IDP kwakunye nezigqibo ezinziweyo ekubeni zilungelelaniswe njani iimfuneko kumsebenzi 1/9C. Umsebenzi ngeli thuba kukuzinzisa , kuzinziswe ezinkcukacha kwizicwangciso zamacandelo ukuze zingeniswe.
INJONGO: Ukuyila inkqubo-sakhelo yeendlela zobuchule zezimali zexesha eliphakathi ukwaba oovimba bakamasipala ngokwenkqubo yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubanakho nokuzinza kotyalo-mali nemisebenzi kamasipala.
Ukuqinisekisa uqhangamshelwano nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
uluhlu lwempahla nenkcazelo emfutshane ngoovimba abandakanya iziphathamandla ezongameleyo kwezezimali, iziphathamandla zofezekiso kwanamanye amajelo afana nonondyebo nomphicothi-zincwadi wangaphakathi kwakunye nezikhokelo zolawulo lwezezimali ezisisiseko neenkqubo eziquka phakathi kwezinye, izinto, iintlawulo nemigaqo-nkqubo nomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu, ulawulo lwamatyala nomgaqo-nkqubo wokuqokelelwa kwamatyala.
izikhokelo zezezimali ezisisiseko neenkqubo iindlela zobuchule zokunikezela ngemali yokusebenza nemali ezinkulu iindlela zobuchule zonyuso lwengeniso.
iindlela zobuchule zolawulo lwezinto/impahla zexabiso.
iindlela zobuchule ezonga iindleko.
Isishwankathelo sezikhokelo zolawulo lwezezimali nenkqubo mazingabi zeziquka konke kodwa ke maziquke kuphela isishwankathelo salo migaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo eziya kufikelela okanye zibenefuthe elivakalayo kuhlaziyo lwezezimali kanye ngokuphandle zibonise imiba ephambili yophuhliso lwengingqi nonciphiso lwentlupheko.
Zindlela zobuchule kuphela eziphathelene nezinto zexabiso eliqondakalayo nelibalulekileyo obunobuchule emaziqukwe kwiindlela zobuchule zolawulo lwezinto ezinexabiso. Iindlela zobuchule ezifanelekileyo zolawulo lwezinto ezinexabiso mazichazwe luhlolo lwazo zonke izinto zexabiso ngokwemimiselo yosetyenziso olunefuthe.
Uqikelelo lwenkcitho yokusebenza maluquke ingqikelelelo yezixhobo yenkcitha yokusebenza ezifana nabasebenzi, ulawulo lwezinto zexabiso, intengo yeenkonzo ezinkulu ngenkcitho echanekileyo yamacandelo efana nolondolozo lweendlela neepaki.
Isishwankathelo sobume bekansile ngokwezimali kwiminyaka emi-5 siya kuqulatha ingeniso yako konke oko kuqikelelweyo, inkcitho yokusebenza, inkcitho kwizimali ezinkulu ngendlela yobuchule yolungelalwano efanelekileyo ukujongana nentsalela esibonisiweyo okanye intsilelo.
Uxanduva lwamaziko olucetyiswayo Isebe likavimba malibe noxanduva lokuqulunqa isicwangciso sezimali kuthetha-thethwano olusondeleleneyo nomphathi kamasipala iintloko zamacandelo, ikomiti yesigqeba/usodolophu wesigqeba.
Indlela yobuchule yezimali mayibonise cacileyo ngamanani engqikelelo engeniso nenkcitho.
Ukuqulunqa uxwebhu: Iiveki ezi-2.
NGOBA - nokunikezela imbono ngokubanzi yolandelalaniso lweprojekthi olulindelekileyo njengesiseko sokuphenduleka?
neziPhumo - iindleko zotyalo-mali xa zizonke imithombo esenokubakho yenkxaso-mali i-arhente yokufezekisa elungele oko inkcitho yesambuku sonyaka eyahlulwe ngokwezigaba ukuba zinokusetyenziswa: iingxaki ezisekelwe kwiindleko.
YINTONI - ukusebenza kamasipala wonyaka/iindleko zolondolozo ezibangelwa lutyalo-mali?
Lwamaziko olucetyiswayo isicwangciso sezimali lithetha-thethana rhoqo nomlawuli kamasipala, iintloko zamasebe ezijongene neeprojekthi zotyalo-mali kwakunye nabaxhasi ngezimali nabafezekisi abafanelekileyo.
axananazileyo malibekele ngokwembono yolawulo lwezimali. Le nkqubo bucala iveki ezintlanu inyanzelisa ukuba kubekho uthetha-thethwano zokuyila nokugqityezelwa olusondeleleneyo namaGqiza oPhando kokubhalwa phantsi eeProjekthi ukufikelela kuyilo lweeprojekthi ezicacileyo kwenkqubo yotyalo-mali nezifikelelekayo kunye nobalo, lweendleko lwesambuku.
Ukusuka kungeniso ukuya ngolandelelaniso. Oku makusekelwe kwizigqibo kwintlanganiso yokucebisana zeQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Intlanganiso yokucebisana phambili imiba ethile, zonke iindlela zokwenza ukuba yoku-1: iintsuku ezi-2 kuthotywe iindleko zeeprojekthi ukuya kwezi-3. mazisetyenziswe.
Uhlaziyo/ukuqulunqwa kwenkqubo: iiveki ezi-2.
Ixesha ngowona vimba wethu uxabisekileyo. Malilawulwe ngobunono.
Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
Iziphumo mayingabi kwimo yengxelo yomlomo, endaweni yoko mayibe kwimo yetheyibhile kunye/okanye ibha-tshati eshwankathela iinkcukacha zeeprojekthi kwithuba leminyaka emihlanu.
UMlawuli kaMasipala njengegosa elongamele ulawulo lwenkqubo yofezekiso makaluthathele kuye uxanduva lwalo msebenzi wocwangciso. Oku kuya kumnceda ekufumaniseni ukuba ingaba i-IDP sisicwangciso esifanelekileyo na xa kuqwalaselwa izakhono zolawulo lukaMasipala.
Uqulunqo phambi sokuvavanya i-IDP nesindululo seprojekthi ngasinye kwentlanganiso yokucebisana ngokwembono yolawulo.
ingxoxo: Usuku ukuya kwezimbini. Iinguqu emva kwendibano yokucebisana yesi-2 usuku - iintsuku ezi-2.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa ukuphenduleka okusekelwe kwinkqubo elula, enempembelelo nenobeko-sweni olufikelelekayo nolawulo lokwenza njengesixhobo solawulo soMlawuli kaMasipala nanjengesixhobo sokulamla sebhunga.
Uluhlu lwezalathisi zophuhliso oluzinzisiweyo lweenjongo ze-IDP.
Uqulunqo ngokwetheyibhile lwemiba eziziphumo ekujoliswe kuyo zazo zonke iiprojekthi ze-IDP.
Ishedyuli yexesha enemihla yemigama ebalulekileyo yeeprojekthi zonke.
Uluhlu lwezalathisi zokusebenza ezingajongenanga ngqo neeprojekthi.
Ngokubhekiselele kwiNkqubo Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
Iingcebiso zokuYila Inkqubo yolawulo yobeko-sweni nokwenza iziphumo ehlangeneyo yenziwe ziimilo noyilo lwengqokelela yenkcukacha, unxibelelwano nemisebenzi yophicotho.
Makuqokelelwe kukhangelwa zonke izalathisi zeenjongo zeeprojekthi wandule ukuzingqinelanisa ngokweentlobo zezalathisi namanani ekujoliswe kuwo.
Makunikwe inkcazelo eyimpendulo kumaGqiza oPhando eeprojekthi uze uqinisekise izilungiso eziyimfuneko.
Olucetyisiweyo ulawulo lobeko-sweni nokwenza eliphenduleka ngqo lwezamaziko kuMlawuli kaMasipala. Eli gosa liya kuba noxanduva lokucacisa iNkqubo yolawulo yobeko-sweni nokwenza ehlangeneyo.
NGUBANI ukubeka esweni inkqubela nempembelelo?
Uqulunqo phambi - zicace ngokwaneleyo kwaye zithe ngqo ukuze kwentlanganiso yokucebisana zilinganiswe.
(ingxoxo): eziphakamileyo/eziphezulu zophando.
Izilungiso ngeenzame ezikhoyo ngethuba elinikiweyo.
Injongo: : Ukubonelela ngomkhomba-ndlela jikelele ukukhokela uthatho lwezigqibo nemisebenzi ngethuba lonyaka elixananazileyo kujoliswe kuyilo lwezixeko, iidolophu neendawo zokuhlala ezinokuhlaliwa ezihlangeneyo.
NGOBA - nokuyila inkqubo-sakhelo yokuzithemba kutyalo-mali oluncedisa utyalo-mali lwawo omabini amacandelo kawonke-wonke nawabucala?
indawo yeeprojekthi zonke; kwakunye nesishwankathelo semiba yohlengahlengiso lwezemihlaba neeprojekthi ezinxulumene noko okanye amacandelo ezo projekthi.
Iimephu ezibonisa iinjongo neendlela zobuchule zeendawo nezithe ngqo ngokwanelisayo ukwazisa ulawulo lomhlaba nezigqibo zotyalo-mali.
Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
imimandla enqwenelekayo nekujoliswe kuyo ngentlobo ezithile zokusetyenziswa komhlaba imimandla apho intlobo ezithile zokusetyenziswa komhlaba zikhethelwa ecaleni; kwakunye neendawo zeeprojekthi ze-IDP, ukunika ubungqina bokuhambelana kwe-IDP neenjongo zeendawo neendlela zobuchule ezibonakaliswe kwezi mephu.
Ubume benNkqubo Qwalasela zonke izindululo zeeprojekthi ukungaguquki, neziphumo zophicotho lwendawo, imigqalisela yophuhliso lwendawo nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule zokuhlenga-hlengisa indawo.
Hlola ukongezeleleka kwefuthe leenkqubo zendawo nokunika izimvo kumaGqiza oPhando lweProjekthi okanye inkqubo yecandelo yohleng-hlengiso apho luyimfuneko khona.
Nikezela ngenkcazelo eyimpendulo kumaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi kwiimeko apho kukho ukungahambelani okanye uqwalaselo olungonelanga.
Ol lwamaziko olucetyiswayo lokuqulunqa iNkqubo-sakhelo yoPhuhliso lweNdawo phezu ngokwesiseko sezindululo nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule zengingqi.
Inkqubo yokulungisa iimephu kwaye ukuyila uxwebhu isahluko lwesishwankathelo kunenkangeleko enobugcisa kwaye oku kuya kufuna iinkonzo zengcali zommandla njengomzobi weemephu kunye/okanye umcwangcisi wedolophu nowommandla onolwazi lweziphumo zenkqubo yocwangciso lwengingqi iyonke.
Kwiimeko apho oomasipala bangenakuba nazo izakhono zoqeqesho kwicala locwangciso lwedolophu nolwemimandla, ingcali ingachwechwelwa umz.
Inkqubo-sakhelo yoPhuhliso lweNdawo ifanele ukwakha isuntsu elibophelelayo le-IDP.
Akukho nkqubo, yahlukileyo nkqubo-sakhelo kufuneka icace ithi ngqo kwimeko apho licandelo, locwangciso ifuna ukunyanzelisa okanye ukunqanda iintlobo ezithile kuphela elinokwenza zokusetyenziswa komhlaba.
Ukuqulunqwa kwakunye esiya kuthi sisetyenziswe ngayo isiqendu ngasinye somhlaba.
kwakunye nokuhlolwa Akukho mfuneko yokumiswa okuquka imimandla kweeprojekthi ekusetyenzisweni komhlaba kwimimandla ethile.
Inkcazelo eyimpendulo kumiselo lwegqiza leeprojekthi nokwamkelwa kweenguqu: iiveki ezi-2.
Uquko aluzuzwa ngeeprojekthi ezizodwa kuphela, koko luzuzwa ngokuyila zonke iiprojekthi ngendlela equkayo.
Injongo: : Ukuqinisekisa iqela lamanyathelo angaguqukiyo ekunciphiseni intlupheko nokuba negalelo kulungelelaniso ngokwesini kumasipala.
ukuphawula malunga nezikhokelo zobuchule ngentlupheko nesini (2/3); kwakunye isishwankathelo esizinzisiweyo semisebenzi enxulumene YINTONI nentlupheko nesini ekwayinxalenye yeeprojekthi eziyiliweyo?
Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
Ingaba iingxaki eziphambili ezinxulumene nentlupheko nesini ziqwalaselwe na?
Ingaba kukho ukuhambelana nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule na?
Ingaba kukho iindlela zokwenza ezithanda ukukhulisa intlupheko nokungalingani ngokwesini na?
Makushwankathelwe onke amanyathelo nemiba enxulumene nentlupheko kwanesini njengenxalenye yenkqubo engathandabuzekiyo.
Nika inkcazelo kumaGgqiza oPhando lweeProjekthi xa kukho ukungahambelani okanye uqwalaselo olunganelisiyo/olunganelanga.
Makuziswe loo nkqubo, kwakunye nezimvo neengcebiso kwiQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
NJANI LeNgxoxo laBameli ziyabandakanywa kwizindululo zokugqibela zeprojekthi nakwiNkqubo ehlangeneyo yokuncitshiswa kwentlupheko nolinganiso ngokwesini?
Uqulunqo lweNkqubo ehlangeneyo yokunciphisa lwamaziko olucetyiswayo intlupheko nolingano ngokwesini makwenziwe ngumntu onolwazi nobuchwepheshe.
"Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yokunciphisa intlupheko nolinganiso ngokwesini" asiyonkqubo eyongezelelweyo ngaphandle kweeprojekthi ezijongene nemiba ephambili.
Ngoko oko, sisixhobo sokugalel'ebhayini kunokubhekisela phaya imiba yentlupheko neyesini.
Ukukhangela ifuthe lokusingqongileyo lilonke.
NGOBA - iiprojekthi ezingqwenelwayo azinafuthe lingalunganga kwindalo esingqongileyo?
nezithethe nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo zikazwelonke; kwakunye nochongo lwezo projekthi zifuna i-EIA.
Ngokunxulumene - Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
neNkqubo - Makuqwalaselwe iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo zeZicwangciso zoLawulo zokusiNgqongileyo neziCwangciso zoFezekiso okusiNgqongileyo zamasebe kazwelonke nawamaphondo.
Ingaba imiba yokusingqongileyo yophicotho iqwalaselwe na?
Ingaba kukho ukuhambelana nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule na?
Ingaba zikhona na iindlela zokwenza ezichonga, ziqikelele zize zivavanye ifuthe elibonakalayo nelinokubakho kwindalo esingqongileyo, kujongwe ekunciphiseni ifuthe elingalunganga nasekwandiseni izibonelelo.
Ingaba iNkqubo yokusiNgqongileyo ehlangeneyo iziqwalasela ngokwaneleyo na izicwangciso zofezekiso lokusingqongileyo zamaphondo?
Makanikwe inkcazelo kumaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi xa kungekho kuhambelana okanye uqwalaselo olunganelanga.
Makushwankathelwe onke amanyathelo, imiba nemisebenzi njengenxalenye yenkqubo enye yokusingqongileyo engathandabuzekiyo.
Makuziswe le nkqubo kwiQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP, ikhatshwa zizimvo neengcebiso.
NJANI Makuqinisekiswe ukuba iingcebiso zeQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP zifakelelwe kwizindululo zokugqibela zeeprojekthi nakwinkqubo nganye kwiiNkqubo zamacandelo ezihlangeneyo?
INkqubo yokusingqongileyo ehlangeneyo.
Apho umasipala asilelayo kwizakhono kucwangciso lokusingqongileyo, ungafunwa iingcebiso kumntu onolwazi noyingcali nonobuchwepheshe ukunceda ekuyileni iNkqubo yokusiNgqongileyo eHlangeneyo.
INkqubo yokusiNgqongileyo eHlangeneyo asiyonkqubo eyonzelelweyo ngaphandle kweeprojekthi ezijongene nemiba ephambili.
Khangela umsebenzi Imiselwe ukwamkela amagalelo okusingqongileyo wocwangciso (4/2) avela kuzo zonke iiprojekthi ze-IDP ngokwemeko.
Ngako oko, isisixhobo sokuhambisa ndaweni-nye kunokuba sisongezelelo nje kwimiba yokusingqongileyo.
Yindlela urhulumente wengingqi athi azalisekise ngayo imisebenzi yolawulo nophuhliso ethi iqondise ukuba ngaba imisebenzi yabantu bengingqi iya kuyilwa okanye itshatyalaliswe na.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa iqela lamanyathelo angaguqukiyo nalungele ukukhuthaza imisebenzi yezoqoqosho lwengingqi okunokwenzeka nokudala imisebenzi.
ezilindelekileyo: ukuya kwama-3 aquka.
Ngokunxulumene - Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
Zokwakha ubume benkqubo kwezoqoqosho nezineenjongo zophuhliso njengezona ziphumo zingundoqo beNkqubo (iiprojekthi ze-LED ezizimeleyo).
Ingaba izinyanzelo zophuhliso lwezoqoqosho nokudalwa kwemisebenzi ziqwalaselwe na?
Ingaba kukho ukuhambelana na nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule zezoqoqosho?
Ingaba amanyathelo/iiprojekthi ziyahambelana na noqwalaselo lokunokwenzeka kwezoqoqosho?
Ingaba kukho amanyathelo okanye iindlela zokwenza ezithanda ukutyhafisa okanye ukulibazisa utyalo-mali lwezoqoqosho kwanokudala imisebenzi?
Makunikwe izimvo kumaGqiza oPhando lweeProjekthi xa kungekho ukuhambelana okanye xa kukho uqwalaselo olungonelisiyo.
NJANI Khangela ingcebiso ezenziweyo kumsebenzi ngamnye wocwangciso (4/4 ukuya 4/12)?
Ingcaphephe kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho ingachwechwelwa ukuze incedise kuyilo lwenkqubo xa umasipala engenazo izakhono kwicala locwangciso lwezoqoqosho.
NGUBANI Kuquka amagqwetha abo bangaphangeliyo nawo ahambe iintlanganiso zokucebisana zeQonga lweeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP kwisigaba sesi-4?
Iinkqubo zolawulo neendlela zobuchule.
Khangela umsebenzi zonxibelelwano zinganefuthe elimmandla wocwangciso (4/2) kutyalo-mali lwezoqoqosho nakuyilo lwemisebenzi kunayo nayiphi na inkuthazo yotyalo-mali ekujoliswe kuyo okanye iprojekthi yoyilo lwemisebenzi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kweenkqubo ezilolo hlobo neenjongo ze-LED, ngoko ke, ngumlinganiselo obaluleke kakhulu wokumisela inkqubo ye-LED ezinzisiweyo nenempumelelo.
Imo ilandela umsebenzi uququzelelelo lulandela imisebenzi.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqela lamanyathelo angaguqukiyo nahlangeneyo otshintsho lwamaziko nofezekiso oluhlangeneyo luyenzeka kumasipala, ngokwenza njalo lube negalelo kuqhagamshelwano oluluqilima phakathi kocwangciso nofezekiso.
Iingcebiso zokubunjwa iNkqubo yamaziko ehlangeneyo eza kuthathwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-IDP, mayaziswe ziimfuneko zomthetho wezolingano ngokwezeNgqesho neendlela zobuchule zabantu bokusebenza zikamasipala.
Inkqubo yamaziko ehlanganeyo mayiyilwe njengesishwankathelo seemfuneko zamaziko.
Ingaba imiba yamaziko yophicotho iqwalaselwe na?
Ingaba kukho ukuhambelana nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule na?
Ingaba imiqobo yamaziko namandla oluntu iqwalaselwe ngokwaneleyo na?
Ukuqinisekisa ukungafihlisi nokugqibelela ngokubonisa zonke iimpawu zemilinganiselo eeprojekthi ngokwemeko.
Iingcebiso zoYilo Kucetyiswa ukusetyenziswa kwale ndlela inye lweziphumo yephepha elinye elisemgangathweni lezindululo zeeprojekthi zonke.
Ukwakhiwa kwesindululo sale projekthi kuqwalasela zonke iimfuneko zocwangcwiso lwamacandelo athile ngokubhekiselele kuyilo lweprojekthi.
NGOBA baya kuyixhasa baze bayenze eyabo?
Izindululo zeeprojekthi zibonisa iimfuno ezithile ngokunxulumene neemfuneko zoluntu/abo banebango nesiphumo abazivakalisileyo ezo mfuno bavumelana ngazo.
Makwaziswe uluntu oluchaphazelekayo, abanebango nenkqubo kwana nabahlali ngeeprojekthi ezinqwenelwayo, mabamenyelwe ezintlanganisweni kuqwalaselwe izimvo nemiba ebaxhalabisayo.
Ubume benkqubo zeeprojekthi. Ukuyila amaseko okanye iinkonzo ezinxulumene noluntu olusendaweni kufuna uthetha-thethwano olunzulu noluntu olo luchaphazelekayo, ngakumbi ukuba kukho ubuhlakani boluntu lonke. Oku kukwanjalo nakwiiprojekthi ezifuna ukunika inkxaso okanye zibandakanye intsebenziswano yabathile ebanebango.
Kwiiprojekthi ezibanzi zikamasipala iindibano zikawonke-wonke okanye iingxoxo kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP zingayeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo.
NJANI ngemiba engabafanelenga?
Uxanduva lwamaziko eeProjekthi mayikulungele ukutshintsha. Le ndlela olucetyiswayo ayifuni nkqubo-sakhelo yamaziko emiswe ngexa elingaphambili.
Naluphi ubandakanyo okanye uthatho nxaxheba loluntu ngokohlobo lweeprojekthi. okanye lwabanebango malikubonise oko.
Ixesha elisikiweyo amaqela abantu abachaphazelekayo, ngamehlo malingadluli kwinyanga ezentlalo, isini, ngokweminyaka yobudala, enye ngokomthetho. Xa ngokwendawo njl.
kukho ungquzulwano mbini kumaqela athile.
Kwiiprojekthi ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa ngamaGqiza oPhando komhlaba okanye ukusetyenziswa kwabanye oovimba eeProjekthi, abaququzeleli bendalo emaphandleni, ukubandakanywa amagunya be-IDP mababe nenxaxheba eNkosi zemveli kungangundoqo kuxhomekeka yokujonga ukufumaneka kwindima edlalwa lulawulo lweeNkosi kummandla kweendlela ezifanelekileyo othile.
zokusombulula olo ngquzulwano.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba izindululo zeeprojekthi zilungelelaniswa neendlela zobuchule zamacandelo neenkqubo zamacandelo karhulumente kazwelonke nowamaphondo.
NGOBA Lo msebenzi uya kunceda ekumiseleni ukuthengwa kwabathatha inxaxheba karhulumente abaphambili, abangekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente nabamacandelo abucala?
neziphumo nkqubo iindlela zobuchule, imiba ephambili, iinkqubo neendlela zokwenza ezinobugcisa zamasebe amacandelo kazwelonke nawamaphondo nabubuchwepheshe bamaqela angekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente nobamacandelo abucala.
Isakhono samaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi sokukwazi ukukhetha eyona ndlela indlela efanelekileyo yobugcisa neyokuququzelela xa kuyilwa izindululo zeeprojekthi.
Ubume benkqubo liqwalasela ukuba ngawaphi amasebe amacandelo, amahlakani angekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente namacandelo abucala, emakuthetha- thwane nawo ekuqulunqeni izindululo zeeprojekthi.
Phambi kokuthetha-thethana naba bantu, mabaziswe ngemvelaphi yeeNdlela zobuchule neenjongo zoPhuhliso ezithe zenza ukuba kuchongwe iiprojekthi nenkqubo-sakhelo yoovimba bezimali ezinokusebenza kuzo. Makucaciswe inkqubo yoqulunqo lweprojekthi ukuphakamisa umgangatho wegalelo lamagosa namahlakani amacandelo.
NJANI Uthatho-nxaxheba maluququzelelwe ngendlela enganamiqathango ngokweemfunoezithe ngqo. kwiimeko ezininzi unxibelelwano olubhaliweyo okanye unxibelelwano ngemfonomfono lungasebenza ngcono ngaphezu kweentlanganiso?
Uxanduva lwamaziko karhulumente, namahlakani asukakwimibutho olucetywayo engalawulwa ngurhulumente namacandelo abucala akamelanga kuba yinxalenye yeGqiza loPhando leeProjekthi, ngokomthetho, kodwa mawachwechwelwe xa kuyimfuneko oko.
Kuxa amagosa amacandelo asuka kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente namahlakani asuka kwimibutho engalawulwa ngurhulumente namacandelo abucala ayingxam kuyilo lwezindululo zeeprojekthi kuphela apho anokuba yinxalenye yeGqiza loPhando leeProjekthi.
Khumbula ukuba iiprojekthi ezimbaxa nezixandileyo Amagosa amacandelo ziya kuciciyelwa ngakumbi kwizifundo zophando asuka kwamanye amacandelo zokubanakho ukwenzeka.
abucala aya kubandakanya rhulumente nakumacandelo abucala mayijoliswe amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuze kwiimfuneko zeziphumo zezindululo zeeProjekthi oku kungqinelane neeprojekthi eziyiliweyo kweli nqanaba kwesi sigaba.(3/3).
Injongo: Ukunika umfanekiso ocacileyo wefuthe elilindelekileyo nenzuzo zeprojekthi kwikansile, iqumrhu lolawulo nakuwonke-wonke, ngokuthi kubekho ukuthetheleleleka kweeprojekthi nesiseko senkqubo yobeko-sweni.
Ingcebiso ngokwakha Izalathisi zemibono mazigqitywe njengenxalenye ubume benkqubo yenkqubo ephindiweyo yocwangciso lweprojekthi ukuze ibe yeyokwenene. Kungaba nakho ukufumanisa ubukhulu befuthe elilindelekileyo, ukuba iGqiza loPhando lweeProjekthi liyazi ukuba zeziphi iziphumo ekujoliswe kuzo ezinokufikeleleka ngoncedo loovimba abakhoyo.
Iingcebiso zokuYila Injongo ingaqiniswa sisalathisi esinye esiqonda yonke iziphumo imilinganiselo eqingqiweyo okanye liqela lezalathisi okanye ngokunikezela ngenkcukacha ezinobunjani ubunjani ngendlela ecwangcwisiweyo yetheyibhile.
Iinjongo ezichazayo umzekelo, uqhelaniso lweenkonzo oluphuculiweyo lolawulo lukamasipala kungafuneka zichazwe zizalathisi ezingathanga ngqo njengepesenti eyandisiweyo yabaxumi abanelisekileyo ziinkonzo okanye ixesha elincitshisiweyo lokuma ulinde.
Ukuya kunyaka wama-2005 izinga lentswela-ngqesho kwilokishi engu-X ithotywe ukusuka kuma-40% yaya kuthi xhaxhe kuma-30% amabhinqa/abantu ababhinqileyo lehle ukusuka kuma-50% laya kuma kuma-35%.
Izalathisi ziluncedo kuphela ekubekeni impumelelo esweni ukuba zinokuhlolwa okanye zilinganiswe ngaphandle kokudala iindleko ezinkulu ekufumaneni iinkcukacha.
Apho kunzima khona ukulinganisa ifuthe ngokwesigama somlinganiselo, uhlolo lwenxaxheba lwempumelelo namaqela ekujoliswe kuwo nabantu abanolwazi bengingqi bangacetyiswa.
Injongo: Ukubonelela ulawulo lweprojekthi nabo kujongwe ukuba bazuze ngumbono ocacileyo waloo nto baza kuyifezekisa, abantu, ixesha nendawo.
Ezilindelekileyo ngawuphi unyaka nakweyiphi na indawo.
Ingcebiswano namaqela ekujoliswe nenkqubo kuwo namahlakani eeprojekthi.
phindayo ngexesha apho iziphumo namanani ekujoliswe kuwo zilungelelaniswe ngemvisiswano nezalathisi zeenjongo nendlela apha eza kwandisa amathuba anokuthi ngezo ziphmo zinikiweyo ezifumanekayo iinjongo zinokufezekiswa.
Izigqibo ngamaqela ekujoliswe kuwo, izinto ekujoliswe kuzo ngonyaka neendawo zithathwa ukuba zizigqibo ngemiba ebalulekileyo ngubani oza kuqala?
NJANI banebango (khangela Umsebenzi wocwangciso 1/2)?
Iingcebiso zokuYila Iziphumo yimiba ezinokufezekiseka; zibonisa oko iziphumo kuyakunikezwa yi-arhente eyenza iprojekthi kubaxhasi/ amaqela ekujoliswe kuwo.
Imiba ekujoliswe kuyo zizinto ezichaza malunga nobuninzi beziphumo, ezibonisa ubungakanani bento emayifezekiswe ngexesha elithile.
Iindawo mazicaciswe kuphela ngeziphumo zeprojekthi ezinganikwanga kwindawo yonke ngaxesha nye.
Amalungiselelo / Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuchazwa kweziphumo izinto uxanduva lwamaziko ekujoliswe kuzo kwaneendawo, uluhlu lwezigqibo olucetywayo. zobugcisa noququzelo zendlela zobuchule imilinganiselo ongaphi kufuneka zithathwe ngamaGgiza oPhando eeProjekthi umze. Ngezixhobo zokwakha, ubungakanani nendawo ngqo yezibonelelo. Ezi zigqibo zifuna ukubandakanyeka kwabo banelungelo lokuzuza nayo yonke imibutho emele ukuba nendima eyidlalayo ekuxhaseni ngezimali nasekufezekiseni iprojekthi.
Khangela 3/3 zokuqhuba iinkqubo zeenkonzo. Noxa ezinye zezi zigqibo zazise zigqitywe ngex'elingaphambili njengenxalenye yenkqubo yothatho lwezigqibo zeendlela zobuchule eziquka lukhulu, eminye imiba inganyanzelisa ukuba igqitywe ngokwemeko nganye kwinqanaba lengingqi. Izigqibo ezinjalo mazibe phantsi koqwalaselo olungqingqwa lwezinto zazo ezirheshiweyo zokungatshitshi iindleko zokusebenza ezilandelweyo ezirheshiweyo negalelo elivakalayo ukufikeleleka, inani labantu abanokufumana kwisakhelo sohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali senkqubo yeenkonzo.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano olungenachaphaza phakathi kocwangcwiso nofezekiso ngokulungisa inkqubo sikhokelo yocwangcwiso loshishino leminyaka ecakaciweyo.
Inkcazelo yamagqabantshintshi yokulindelekileyo ngokunxulumene engagqibekanga exela omakwenziwe nini kwaye nesiphumo ngubani nokuba ngubani.
Ingcebiso ngokubunjwa Ucwangciso lomsebenzi luthetha ukuyelelisa iziphumo kweNkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo namajelo akhoyo. Ngoko ke, malubhekiselele ngakwiziphumo ezinqwenelekayo ngeli xa kukho umfanekiso wesakhelo engqondweni.
Iingcebiso Ucwangcwiso lwemisebenzi olunenkcukacha zokuYila lusenokungenzeki okanye aluyomfuneko iziphumo kwesi sigaba socwangciso. Yiloo misebenzi ingundoqo efunekayo ekwenzeni uqikelelo lobalo lweendleko nezinto ezifunekayo kuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali kuphela emayifunyaniswe.
Iishedyuli zexesha mazibe yiminyaka emihlanu.
ukumiswa kwexesha kwimisebenzi ixesha kungenziwa minyaka le.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano osondeleleneyo phakathi kocwangciso nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali ngokuthi kufikelelwe kuqashelo lokwenene malunga neemfuno zezimali.
NGOBA Ukuba negalelo kwimisebenzi/iinkonzo ezifikelelekayo nezingatshitshiyo ngokufika kuqikelelo lwenene lweendleko zokusebenza ezibandelwa ziiiprojekthi?
Uqikelelo lwendleko zotyalo-mali ngeyunithi nganye.
Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lweprojekthi inkcitho yesixa kwisiphumo semali namajelo ezimali.
Uqikelelo lweendleko zokusebenza zonyaka namajelo ezimali.
Ukucebisana okunzulu kunye nonondyebo namaziko kwiNkqubo ezimali.
ubume benkqubo lwabiwo-mali lwakuqala ngezizathu zeziphumo ezilindelweyo nemisebenzi engundoqo/ephambili.
Ukuthelekisa nolwabiwo lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwakuqala nolwazi lwamajelo ezimali.
NJANI Ukulungelelanisa imfuno zohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali nolwabiwo lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali ngokuhlaziya iziphumo ekujoliswe kuzo nemisebenzi okanye nangokukhangela amajelo ezimali ongezelelekileyo (ngokwezindululo zeprojekthi eyilwayo)?
NGUBANI Nabo balindeleke ukuba babe negalelo ekuncediseni iprojekthi ngezimali?
Onke amanani eendleko nawohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali zingqikelelo nje ezicingelekayo kwesi sigaba socwangciso.
Isicwangciso esinye neemfuneko ngokwasemthethweni. Ngaphezu koko esihlangeneyo izindululo kufuneka zivunyelaniswe ngokunxulumene neziqulatho, indawo ukumiswa kwexesha ukuze kufikelelwe kwiinkqubo eziluqilima nezihlangeneyo zoomasipala kwakunye nee-arhente zamacandelo okanye abaniki-zinkonzo ababandakanyekayo ekubonelelweni kweenkonzo apha phakathi kumasipala. Esi sigaba singundoqo ekufikeleleni kwisicwangciso esihlangeneyo sophuhliso (IDP).
c Izindululo ezihlaziyiweyo zeeprojekthi ezithathwa njengamaxwebhu ocwangciso lufezekiso okanye zilungele izifundo zophando ngokunokwenzeka.
lwabiwo-mali. (Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/3).
Ukuqinisekisa (c) Isicwangciso esinye sezimali seminyaka emi-5 uqhagamshwelwano kumasipala, esithathwa njengenkqubo-sikhokelo olusondeleyo kucwangciso yexesha eliphakathi yokulawula ukuqokelelwa nakuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali kwezicwangcwiso zokusebenza zikamasipala kwanocwangciso lwenkcitho. Siquka inkcitho kwinkunzi nakwinkcitho eyenzeka qho size sisebenze njengoxwebhu olungundoqo ekuqinisekiseni uqhagamshelwano olusondelayo phakathi kocwangciso nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
equka utyalo-mali lukawonke-wonke kuwo onke amajelo ezimali.
mali (umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/5).
Uqhagamshelwano (e) Inkqubo eluqilima yokusebenza yeminyaka emi-5 olusondeleyo locwangciso enika amagqabantshintshi eeprojekthi ngokwezigaba nofezekiso kwakunye neziphumo ekujoliswe kuzo zonyaka njengesiseko soqwalaselo ngeliso elibukhali nenkqubo kwanokubanjwa kwemo yezicwangciso zokusebenza zonyaka (Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/6).
Ukumisa iimeko zolawulo (f) Inkqubo yolawulo ehlangeneyo yoqwalaselo ngeliso oluthe rhoqo lweenkcubeko elibukhali kwanezalathisi zokwenza. Le nkqubo isikelwe kwizalathisi ezingqamene neeprojekthi, iziphumo ekujoliswe kuzo kwanemigama ehanjiweyo enxulumene nemisebenzi. Ikwenza ukuhamba kweenkcuka kube luqilima ngendlela yokuthi inikezele ngeenkcukacha eziyimfuneko kulawulo lukamasipala.
Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/7.
Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/8.
i Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yoncitshiso lwentlupheko/yolingano ngokwesini ebonisa ukuhambelana kwe-IDP nezikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo ezinxulumene nentlupheko nemiba yesini.
Ukukhangela nezikhokelo (i) Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yendalo esingqongileyo ebonisa zemigaqo-nkqubo ukuhambelana kwe-IDP nemigaqo-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo, enceda ukuqinisekisa amanyathelo amisiweyo negqibeleleyo ngokungqamene negalelo lendalo esingqongileyo, kwaye isebenza njengesiseko soqwalaselo ngeliso elibukhali legalelo lendalo kokusingqongileyo.
Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/10.
Umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/12.
ebonisa zonke inzame zokuqubisana nalo bhubhane ngokwemeko ezikhoyo.
Ukuzilungiselela (m) Isicwangciso solawulo lwentlekele sona sithi ngokufanelekileyo ngokuchasene nemiba enqumlezayo enxulumene kwiintlekele nezicwangciso ezihlangeneyo singabi kukuqokelelwa kwemiba neziqulatho zezicwangciso esahlukileyo esizimeleyo nesibonisa ulungiselelo lukamasipala ukumelana nemiboniso yentlekele engakho.
Uninzi lwezi ziphumo zizishwankathelo. Azifuni lucwangciso longeziweyo kwanamanqanaba othatyatho- zigqibo. Zifuna ukuphononongwa, ukuhlaziywa kwanokuba ziqulunqwe.
Inqanaba 1: Uncino lwazo zonke izindululo zeprojekthi eziyilwayo kukhangelwa ukuhambelana kwazo nemigaqo-nkqubo, uwiso-mthetho, imiba ephambili, iinjongo, iinkqubo-sikhokelo yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali, iindlela zobuchule neempawu zokubanakho ukwenzeka.
Imizamo neziphumo zenkqubo yokuncinwa ziziswa enxulumene nokwenza kwiQonga leNgxoxo Labameli le-IDP, elithi ngenxa yeemali nemiba lifikelele kwiziphakamiso ephambili zeeprojekthi eziyilwayo ngokuthi zixukushwe ngenkqubo ngengxoxo.
ukuhambelana nomgaqo-nkqubo, imiba ephambili, iindlela zobuchule neempawu zokunokwenzeka nezokubakho.
ulungelelwano phakathi kweeprojekthi ngokunxulumene nendawo, ixesha neziqulatho.
Ulwabiwo lweemali kwakunye nemiba ephambili ngokunxulumene nokumiswa kwexesha kungqamene ngokukhulu nokuphathelelena kwanobunjani bezindululo zeeprojekthi. Oku kudala ukuba amaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi aqulunqe iiprojekthi ezingqamene nemigqalisela, izikhokelo neemfuneko (Inqanaba loku-1 nelesi-2 adityaniswe kumsebenzi wocwangciso 4/1).
Inqanaba lesi-3: Izindululo zeeprojekthi ziyalungiswa ngamaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi ngokunxulumene neeziphakamiso ngeli lixa kwangexesha nye, iinkqubo ezihlangeneyo nezicwangwciso (eziyinxalenye zeendlela zobuchule zokusebenza) ziqokelelwayo ngamagosa/abaqeqeshiweyo abongamele iinkalo enqumlanayo. Njengoko iinkqubo ezihlangeneyo kufuneka zibonise izindululo zeeprojekthi ezihlaziyiweyo, zombini ezi nkqubo mazenziwe ngeendlela esebenzisanayo.
Inqanaba lesi-4: Iinkqubo ezihlangeneyo nezicwangciso ziziswa zixoxwe ntlanganiso yeQonga lengxoxo labameli le-IDP yokucebisana. Inqanaba lesi-3 nelesi-4 ayadityaniswa kumsebenzi wocwangcwiso 4/2.
zingqamene nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule, iinjongo, nezikhokelo zoovimba zibonisa iimfuno eziphambili zabantu zicwangciswe ngendlela engenazindleko zingafezekiswa ngendlela elungelelaniswe kakuhle.
Amagqabantshintshi nohlaziyo oluphakanyiswayo kwizindululo zeeprojekthi ezingenisiweyo.
Iinkqubo zamacandelo oyilo eziqulunqiweyo nezisekelwe kwizindululo zeeprojekthi.
Inkcazelo-ntetho neengxoxo ngezindululo zeeprojekthi kwiQonga leNgxoxo labaMeli le -IDP, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana kwamacandelo nobunxaninzi-beenkalo.
Ungeniso lwezindululo zeeprojekthi eziyilwayo kwiKomiti yeThutyana ye-IDP nakwii-arhente zamacandelo ukulungiselela uncino ngokunxulumene neemfuneko zamacandelo kwakunye nokuqulunqwa kweenkqubo eziyilwayo zamacandelo.
Iziphakamiso zohlaziyo lwezindululo zeeprojekthi eziyilwayo kumaGqiza ophando eeprojekthi.
Ukuhambelana nezikhokelo, imiba ephambili, iinjongo iimfuneko ngokomthetho.
Ukuba nakho ukwenzeka kweeprojekthi endululwayo.
Amasebe amacandelo/ii-arhente ezongamele uphononongo lweemfuneko zolungelelwano lwamacandelo kwanokuluqwa kweenkqubo zamacandelo ezizinzisiweyo.
IKomiti yeThutyana ye-IDP kufuneka yenze umsebenzi obhalwayo ukukhangela zonke izindululo zeeprojekthi phambi kokuba zixoxwe kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
INJONGO: Ukwenza ukuba ulawulo lukamasipala, imibutho enika inkxaso-mali, abezopolitiko, abachaphazelekayo abohlukeneyo kwakunye nowonke-wonke onomdla enze uphononongo oluzinzileyo ngokunxulumene nemiba enqumlayo efana nokunokwenzeka ngokwezimali, ifuthe lendawo, ezoqoqosho, ezentlalo negalelo lendalo esingqongileyo.
Inkqubo - sikhokelo eHlangeneyo yoPhuhliso lwendawo.
Ukuziswa kweenkqubo ezihlangeneyo/izicwangciso kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Ngeli lixa amaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi ehlaziya izindululo zeeprojekthi izicwangciso ezihlangeneyo kwimilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo ziyaqulunqwa ngentsebenziswano neeNkqubo yohlaziyo lweeprojekthi.
Kwangaxeshanye , ii-arhente zamacandelo mazihlaziye iinkqubo zamacandelo zawo.
Amalungu eKomiti yeThutyana ye-IDP, IQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le - IDP okanye ezinye iingcungela, mazonyulwe ziqulunqe izicwangciso ezihlangeneyo izindululo zeeprojekthi nezikhokelo zendlela zobuchule zengingqi zibe sisiseko soku.
Ukumiselwa kwenkqubo nezicwangcwiso ezihlangeneyo ukwenzela ukuba kongezwe kumsebenzi wocwangcwiso osele wenziwe ukuze kuthi ga ngoku. Oko kuthetha ukuqokelela izishwankathelo ezivela kwiimbono ezinqumlezanayo.
oku kungadala uhlaziyo lwezindululo zeeprojekthi kwanezilungiso zezicwangcwiso ezihlangeneyo okanye iinkqubo ezihlangeneyo.
nemigqalisela yamacandelo, iindlela zobuchule, iinkqubo, ngokwenza njalo kudaleke isiseko nesicwangciso sokusebenza kwamacandelo sohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
Isishwankathelo senkcazelo kumaphepha ama-2 ukuya 3, kwicandelo ngalinye elinqulunqelwe iiprojekthi kwinkqubo ye-IDP.
Ukuqulunqwa kweziphumo ezizinzisiweyo imiba ekujoliswe kuyo/iindawo/iishedyuli zamaxesha zeeprojekthi ezithe ngqo kumacandelo okanye izintlu zamacandelo eeprojekthi.
Apho kukho khona iimfuneko zowiso-mthetho kumacandelo kazwelonke nawephondo, mazibandakanywe kulo macandelo aza kujongwa njengenxalenye yezintlu ze-IDP.
Ingaba imiba yamacandelo yophicotho kujongwene nayo?
Ingaba ziyahambelana nezikhokelo zamacandelo?
Ingaba zikho ezinye iindlela zokwenza ezingakwaziyo okanye ezingena kumelana namagalelo amacandelo, anokuba ngafanelekileyo.
Shwankathela kwicandelo ngalinye onke amanyathelo, imiba, imisebenzi njengenxalenye yenkqubo egqibekileyo ukulungiselela ulawulo lofezekiso.
Khangela ukuba imisebenzi yocwangciso yamacandelo ingaba ingqamene na nabasebenzi boovimba bezezimali uze uqwalasele imiba yexesha nendawo.
Nika amagqiza ophando eeprojekthi, iinkcukacha ngeziphumo xa kukho ukungahambelani okanye uqwalaselo olunganelanga.
Nikezela inkqubo yecandelo ngalinye namagqabantshintshi neziphakamiso kwiQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Uqulunqo lweenkqubo nganye yamacandelo ehlangeneyo mayenziwe ligosa eliphezulu likamasipala elifanele ukulawula ufezekiso lwenkqubo.
Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yecandelo ayiyo Nkqubo yongezelelweyo ngaphandle kweeprojekthi ezijongene nemiba ephambili. Yenzelwe ukuba inqakule kwiiprojekthi ze-IDP xa zizonke, ngokwamacandelo igalelo lenkqubo zamacandelo ngokwemeko ize izingqamanise nezinye iiprojekthi zamasebe ngokwexesha elimisiweyo noovimba abafumanekayo.
Kulo macandelo afuna isicwangcwwiso esisodwa samacandelo, iziphumo ezibe yinxalenye yezi zicwangciso zamacandelo zichanekile kunezo zidweliswe kwiphepha eliluhlobo olulolunye nge"Nkqubo ezihlangeneyo zamacandelo".
iqela lamaphepha eenkcukacha aqulathe imiba ekujoliswe kuyo iinkcukacha zabasebenzisi ezikhoyo nezexesha elizayo kwanamanqanaba eenkonzo.
uzinzo lwamanzi amajelo amanzi nobunjani bawo.
iinkonzo yamanzi namaziko, izakhiwo, oomatshini abakhoyo.
Ezinye iziqulatho zeWSDP ziya kuba sezivelisiwe kwizigaba zangaphambili zenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
i Ichaze ngokuthe ngqo iinguqu kwimigaqo-nkqubo yeendlela zobuchule yocwangcwiso lwegunya kwezothutho phantsi emhlabeni.
k Iquka zonke iintlobo zezothutho kwanamaziko ezinto, izakhiwo, oomatshini abakhoyo, kwaneendlela ezintsha nezilungisiweyo kwanophuhliso lwentengiso ezinegalelo kwinkqubo yothutho emhlabeni, imiba yomhlaba yezothutho kwizitishi zenqwelomoya namachweba.
iincwadana zezithuthi zikawonke-wonke iindlela zobuchule kumaphepha-mvume okusebenza isicwangcwiso sengqiqo kwiimeko zeenkonzo zenkxaso.
n imise indlela yobuchule kulawulo lemfuno yokuhamba.
p nendlela yobuchule okanye isilungiso sokuhanjiswa kwamachiza/izinto ezinobungozi.
Iinkcukacha ngemvelaphi yemigaqo-nkqubo nemithetho elungele oko, ubalo lwabazelweyo nababhubhileyo ubungakanani belindle neempawu, indlela zolawulo lwelindle ezikhoyo, ukubonelelwa ngezimali, abanebango, uphicotho lweemfuno.
I-IWMP luxanduva olukhawulezileyo kumasipala ngamnye.
Umasipala makachonge igosa lecandelo elongamele I-IWMP ekupheleni kwesigaba soku-1.
kujongenwe nazo kwinkqubo yocwangciso elungelene noko.
Achanekileyo Khangela izikhokelo zokuqulunqwa kwezicwangcwiso zolawulo lwelindle ezihlangeneyo, kwakunye nolawulo lwelindle kwindawo ezinengxinano nezingafikelelwayo zinkozo, ukuze kufunyanwe izikhokelo ezithe ngqo nezinenkcukacha.
Iimfuneko zidweliswe kwinkqubo kaRhulumente elungele ukusetyenziswa malunga nongcoliseko oluhlangeneyo nolawulo lwelindle eMzantsi Afrika, apho kunofumaniseka khona iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu. Iimfuneko mazimiselwe ngokomthetho kwinkqubo yokuphuculwa komthetho, ezayo, kwi DEAT.
Ezinye iziqulatho zeIWMP ziya kuba sele zenziwe kwizigaba ezingaphambili zenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Umzekelo ngulo: iinkcukacha zentsusa, ubalo lwabazelweyo nababhubhuileyo nabungakanani belindle neempawu, ziya kuba selel zivelisiwe kwisigaba sophuhliso - njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-IDP okanye zingqamene ngokunxulumene necandelo nemiba ephambili ye-IDP kwakunye nezigqibo ezinziweyo ekubeni zilungelelaniswe njani iimfuneko kumsebenzi 1/9C. Umsebenzi ngeli thuba kukuzinzisa , kuzinziswe ezinkcukacha kwizicwangciso zamacandelo ukuze zingeniswe.
INJONGO: Ukuyila inkqubo-sakhelo yeendlela zobuchule zezimali zexesha eliphakathi ukwaba oovimba bakamasipala ngokwenkqubo yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubanakho nokuzinza kotyalo-mali nemisebenzi kamasipala.
Ukuqinisekisa uqhangamshelwano nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.
uluhlu lwempahla nenkcazelo emfutshane ngoovimba abandakanya iziphathamandla ezongameleyo kwezezimali, iziphathamandla zofezekiso kwanamanye amajelo afana nonondyebo nomphicothi-zincwadi wangaphakathi kwakunye nezikhokelo zolawulo lwezezimali ezisisiseko neenkqubo eziquka phakathi kwezinye, izinto, iintlawulo nemigaqo-nkqubo nomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu, ulawulo lwamatyala nomgaqo-nkqubo wokuqokelelwa kwamatyala.
izikhokelo zezezimali ezisisiseko neenkqubo iindlela zobuchule zokunikezela ngemali yokusebenza nemali ezinkulu iindlela zobuchule zonyuso lwengeniso.
iindlela zobuchule zolawulo lwezinto/impahla zexabiso.
iindlela zobuchule ezonga iindleko.
Isishwankathelo sezikhokelo zolawulo lwezezimali nenkqubo mazingabi zeziquka konke kodwa ke maziquke kuphela isishwankathelo salo migaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo eziya kufikelela okanye zibenefuthe elivakalayo kuhlaziyo lwezezimali kanye ngokuphandle zibonise imiba ephambili yophuhliso lwengingqi nonciphiso lwentlupheko.
Zindlela zobuchule kuphela eziphathelene nezinto zexabiso eliqondakalayo nelibalulekileyo obunobuchule emaziqukwe kwiindlela zobuchule zolawulo lwezinto ezinexabiso. Iindlela zobuchule ezifanelekileyo zolawulo lwezinto ezinexabiso mazichazwe luhlolo lwazo zonke izinto zexabiso ngokwemimiselo yosetyenziso olunefuthe.
Uqikelelo lwenkcitho yokusebenza maluquke ingqikelelelo yezixhobo yenkcitha yokusebenza ezifana nabasebenzi, ulawulo lwezinto zexabiso, intengo yeenkonzo ezinkulu ngenkcitho echanekileyo yamacandelo efana nolondolozo lweendlela neepaki.
Isishwankathelo sobume bekansile ngokwezimali kwiminyaka emi-5 siya kuqulatha ingeniso yako konke oko kuqikelelweyo, inkcitho yokusebenza, inkcitho kwizimali ezinkulu ngendlela yobuchule yolungelalwano efanelekileyo ukujongana nentsalela esibonisiweyo okanye intsilelo.
Uxanduva lwamaziko olucetyiswayo Isebe likavimba malibe noxanduva lokuqulunqa isicwangciso sezimali kuthetha-thethwano olusondeleleneyo nomphathi kamasipala iintloko zamacandelo, ikomiti yesigqeba/usodolophu wesigqeba.
Indlela yobuchule yezimali mayibonise cacileyo ngamanani engqikelelo engeniso nenkcitho.
Ukuqulunqa uxwebhu: Iiveki ezi-2.
NGOBA - nokunikezela imbono ngokubanzi yolandelalaniso lweprojekthi olulindelekileyo njengesiseko sokuphenduleka?
neziPhumo - iindleko zotyalo-mali xa zizonke imithombo esenokubakho yenkxaso-mali i-arhente yokufezekisa elungele oko inkcitho yesambuku sonyaka eyahlulwe ngokwezigaba ukuba zinokusetyenziswa: iingxaki ezisekelwe kwiindleko.
YINTONI - ukusebenza kamasipala wonyaka/iindleko zolondolozo ezibangelwa lutyalo-mali?
Lwamaziko olucetyiswayo isicwangciso sezimali lithetha-thethana rhoqo nomlawuli kamasipala, iintloko zamasebe ezijongene neeprojekthi zotyalo-mali kwakunye nabaxhasi ngezimali nabafezekisi abafanelekileyo.
axananazileyo malibekele ngokwembono yolawulo lwezimali. Le nkqubo bucala iveki ezintlanu inyanzelisa ukuba kubekho uthetha-thethwano zokuyila nokugqityezelwa olusondeleleneyo namaGqiza oPhando kokubhalwa phantsi eeProjekthi ukufikelela kuyilo lweeprojekthi ezicacileyo kwenkqubo yotyalo-mali nezifikelelekayo kunye nobalo, lweendleko lwesambuku.
Ukusuka kungeniso ukuya ngolandelelaniso. Oku makusekelwe kwizigqibo kwintlanganiso yokucebisana zeQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Intlanganiso yokucebisana phambili imiba ethile, zonke iindlela zokwenza ukuba yoku-1: iintsuku ezi-2 kuthotywe iindleko zeeprojekthi ukuya kwezi-3. mazisetyenziswe.
Uhlaziyo/ukuqulunqwa kwenkqubo: iiveki ezi-2.
Ixesha ngowona vimba wethu uxabisekileyo. Malilawulwe ngobunono.
Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
Iziphumo mayingabi kwimo yengxelo yomlomo, endaweni yoko mayibe kwimo yetheyibhile kunye/okanye ibha-tshati eshwankathela iinkcukacha zeeprojekthi kwithuba leminyaka emihlanu.
UMlawuli kaMasipala njengegosa elongamele ulawulo lwenkqubo yofezekiso makaluthathele kuye uxanduva lwalo msebenzi wocwangciso. Oku kuya kumnceda ekufumaniseni ukuba ingaba i-IDP sisicwangciso esifanelekileyo na xa kuqwalaselwa izakhono zolawulo lukaMasipala.
Uqulunqo phambi sokuvavanya i-IDP nesindululo seprojekthi ngasinye kwentlanganiso yokucebisana ngokwembono yolawulo.
ingxoxo: Usuku ukuya kwezimbini. Iinguqu emva kwendibano yokucebisana yesi-2 usuku - iintsuku ezi-2.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa ukuphenduleka okusekelwe kwinkqubo elula, enempembelelo nenobeko-sweni olufikelelekayo nolawulo lokwenza njengesixhobo solawulo soMlawuli kaMasipala nanjengesixhobo sokulamla sebhunga.
Uluhlu lwezalathisi zophuhliso oluzinzisiweyo lweenjongo ze-IDP.
Uqulunqo ngokwetheyibhile lwemiba eziziphumo ekujoliswe kuyo zazo zonke iiprojekthi ze-IDP.
Ishedyuli yexesha enemihla yemigama ebalulekileyo yeeprojekthi zonke.
Uluhlu lwezalathisi zokusebenza ezingajongenanga ngqo neeprojekthi.
Ngokubhekiselele kwiNkqubo Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
Iingcebiso zokuYila Inkqubo yolawulo yobeko-sweni nokwenza iziphumo ehlangeneyo yenziwe ziimilo noyilo lwengqokelela yenkcukacha, unxibelelwano nemisebenzi yophicotho.
Makuqokelelwe kukhangelwa zonke izalathisi zeenjongo zeeprojekthi wandule ukuzingqinelanisa ngokweentlobo zezalathisi namanani ekujoliswe kuwo.
Makunikwe inkcazelo eyimpendulo kumaGqiza oPhando eeprojekthi uze uqinisekise izilungiso eziyimfuneko.
Olucetyisiweyo ulawulo lobeko-sweni nokwenza eliphenduleka ngqo lwezamaziko kuMlawuli kaMasipala. Eli gosa liya kuba noxanduva lokucacisa iNkqubo yolawulo yobeko-sweni nokwenza ehlangeneyo.
NGUBANI ukubeka esweni inkqubela nempembelelo?
Uqulunqo phambi - zicace ngokwaneleyo kwaye zithe ngqo ukuze kwentlanganiso yokucebisana zilinganiswe.
(ingxoxo): eziphakamileyo/eziphezulu zophando.
Izilungiso ngeenzame ezikhoyo ngethuba elinikiweyo.
Injongo: : Ukubonelela ngomkhomba-ndlela jikelele ukukhokela uthatho lwezigqibo nemisebenzi ngethuba lonyaka elixananazileyo kujoliswe kuyilo lwezixeko, iidolophu neendawo zokuhlala ezinokuhlaliwa ezihlangeneyo.
NGOBA - nokuyila inkqubo-sakhelo yokuzithemba kutyalo-mali oluncedisa utyalo-mali lwawo omabini amacandelo kawonke-wonke nawabucala?
indawo yeeprojekthi zonke; kwakunye nesishwankathelo semiba yohlengahlengiso lwezemihlaba neeprojekthi ezinxulumene noko okanye amacandelo ezo projekthi.
Iimephu ezibonisa iinjongo neendlela zobuchule zeendawo nezithe ngqo ngokwanelisayo ukwazisa ulawulo lomhlaba nezigqibo zotyalo-mali.
Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
imimandla enqwenelekayo nekujoliswe kuyo ngentlobo ezithile zokusetyenziswa komhlaba imimandla apho intlobo ezithile zokusetyenziswa komhlaba zikhethelwa ecaleni; kwakunye neendawo zeeprojekthi ze-IDP, ukunika ubungqina bokuhambelana kwe-IDP neenjongo zeendawo neendlela zobuchule ezibonakaliswe kwezi mephu.
Ubume benNkqubo Qwalasela zonke izindululo zeeprojekthi ukungaguquki, neziphumo zophicotho lwendawo, imigqalisela yophuhliso lwendawo nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule zokuhlenga-hlengisa indawo.
Hlola ukongezeleleka kwefuthe leenkqubo zendawo nokunika izimvo kumaGqiza oPhando lweProjekthi okanye inkqubo yecandelo yohleng-hlengiso apho luyimfuneko khona.
Nikezela ngenkcazelo eyimpendulo kumaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi kwiimeko apho kukho ukungahambelani okanye uqwalaselo olungonelanga.
Ol lwamaziko olucetyiswayo lokuqulunqa iNkqubo-sakhelo yoPhuhliso lweNdawo phezu ngokwesiseko sezindululo nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule zengingqi.
Inkqubo yokulungisa iimephu kwaye ukuyila uxwebhu isahluko lwesishwankathelo kunenkangeleko enobugcisa kwaye oku kuya kufuna iinkonzo zengcali zommandla njengomzobi weemephu kunye/okanye umcwangcisi wedolophu nowommandla onolwazi lweziphumo zenkqubo yocwangciso lwengingqi iyonke.
Kwiimeko apho oomasipala bangenakuba nazo izakhono zoqeqesho kwicala locwangciso lwedolophu nolwemimandla, ingcali ingachwechwelwa umz.
Inkqubo-sakhelo yoPhuhliso lweNdawo ifanele ukwakha isuntsu elibophelelayo le-IDP.
Akukho nkqubo, yahlukileyo nkqubo-sakhelo kufuneka icace ithi ngqo kwimeko apho licandelo, locwangciso ifuna ukunyanzelisa okanye ukunqanda iintlobo ezithile kuphela elinokwenza zokusetyenziswa komhlaba.
Ukuqulunqwa kwakunye esiya kuthi sisetyenziswe ngayo isiqendu ngasinye somhlaba.
kwakunye nokuhlolwa Akukho mfuneko yokumiswa okuquka imimandla kweeprojekthi ekusetyenzisweni komhlaba kwimimandla ethile.
Inkcazelo eyimpendulo kumiselo lwegqiza leeprojekthi nokwamkelwa kweenguqu: iiveki ezi-2.
Uquko aluzuzwa ngeeprojekthi ezizodwa kuphela, koko luzuzwa ngokuyila zonke iiprojekthi ngendlela equkayo.
Injongo: : Ukuqinisekisa iqela lamanyathelo angaguqukiyo ekunciphiseni intlupheko nokuba negalelo kulungelelaniso ngokwesini kumasipala.
ukuphawula malunga nezikhokelo zobuchule ngentlupheko nesini (2/3); kwakunye isishwankathelo esizinzisiweyo semisebenzi enxulumene YINTONI nentlupheko nesini ekwayinxalenye yeeprojekthi eziyiliweyo?
Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
Ingaba iingxaki eziphambili ezinxulumene nentlupheko nesini ziqwalaselwe na?
Ingaba kukho ukuhambelana nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule na?
Ingaba kukho iindlela zokwenza ezithanda ukukhulisa intlupheko nokungalingani ngokwesini na?
Makushwankathelwe onke amanyathelo nemiba enxulumene nentlupheko kwanesini njengenxalenye yenkqubo engathandabuzekiyo.
Nika inkcazelo kumaGgqiza oPhando lweeProjekthi xa kukho ukungahambelani okanye uqwalaselo olunganelisiyo/olunganelanga.
Makuziswe loo nkqubo, kwakunye nezimvo neengcebiso kwiQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
NJANI LeNgxoxo laBameli ziyabandakanywa kwizindululo zokugqibela zeprojekthi nakwiNkqubo ehlangeneyo yokuncitshiswa kwentlupheko nolinganiso ngokwesini?
Uqulunqo lweNkqubo ehlangeneyo yokunciphisa lwamaziko olucetyiswayo intlupheko nolingano ngokwesini makwenziwe ngumntu onolwazi nobuchwepheshe.
"Inkqubo ehlangeneyo yokunciphisa intlupheko nolinganiso ngokwesini" asiyonkqubo eyongezelelweyo ngaphandle kweeprojekthi ezijongene nemiba ephambili.
Ngoko oko, sisixhobo sokugalel'ebhayini kunokubhekisela phaya imiba yentlupheko neyesini.
Ukukhangela ifuthe lokusingqongileyo lilonke.
NGOBA - iiprojekthi ezingqwenelwayo azinafuthe lingalunganga kwindalo esingqongileyo?
nezithethe nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo zikazwelonke; kwakunye nochongo lwezo projekthi zifuna i-EIA.
Ngokunxulumene - Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
neNkqubo - Makuqwalaselwe iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo zeZicwangciso zoLawulo zokusiNgqongileyo neziCwangciso zoFezekiso okusiNgqongileyo zamasebe kazwelonke nawamaphondo.
Ingaba imiba yokusingqongileyo yophicotho iqwalaselwe na?
Ingaba kukho ukuhambelana nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule na?
Ingaba zikhona na iindlela zokwenza ezichonga, ziqikelele zize zivavanye ifuthe elibonakalayo nelinokubakho kwindalo esingqongileyo, kujongwe ekunciphiseni ifuthe elingalunganga nasekwandiseni izibonelelo.
Ingaba iNkqubo yokusiNgqongileyo ehlangeneyo iziqwalasela ngokwaneleyo na izicwangciso zofezekiso lokusingqongileyo zamaphondo?
Makanikwe inkcazelo kumaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi xa kungekho kuhambelana okanye uqwalaselo olunganelanga.
Makushwankathelwe onke amanyathelo, imiba nemisebenzi njengenxalenye yenkqubo enye yokusingqongileyo engathandabuzekiyo.
Makuziswe le nkqubo kwiQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP, ikhatshwa zizimvo neengcebiso.
NJANI Makuqinisekiswe ukuba iingcebiso zeQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP zifakelelwe kwizindululo zokugqibela zeeprojekthi nakwinkqubo nganye kwiiNkqubo zamacandelo ezihlangeneyo?
INkqubo yokusingqongileyo ehlangeneyo.
Apho umasipala asilelayo kwizakhono kucwangciso lokusingqongileyo, ungafunwa iingcebiso kumntu onolwazi noyingcali nonobuchwepheshe ukunceda ekuyileni iNkqubo yokusiNgqongileyo eHlangeneyo.
INkqubo yokusiNgqongileyo eHlangeneyo asiyonkqubo eyonzelelweyo ngaphandle kweeprojekthi ezijongene nemiba ephambili.
Khangela umsebenzi Imiselwe ukwamkela amagalelo okusingqongileyo wocwangciso (4/2) avela kuzo zonke iiprojekthi ze-IDP ngokwemeko.
Ngako oko, isisixhobo sokuhambisa ndaweni-nye kunokuba sisongezelelo nje kwimiba yokusingqongileyo.
Yindlela urhulumente wengingqi athi azalisekise ngayo imisebenzi yolawulo nophuhliso ethi iqondise ukuba ngaba imisebenzi yabantu bengingqi iya kuyilwa okanye itshatyalaliswe na.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa iqela lamanyathelo angaguqukiyo nalungele ukukhuthaza imisebenzi yezoqoqosho lwengingqi okunokwenzeka nokudala imisebenzi.
ezilindelekileyo: ukuya kwama-3 aquka.
Ngokunxulumene - Khangela umsebenzi wocwangciso 4/2.
Zokwakha ubume benkqubo kwezoqoqosho nezineenjongo zophuhliso njengezona ziphumo zingundoqo beNkqubo (iiprojekthi ze-LED ezizimeleyo).
Ingaba izinyanzelo zophuhliso lwezoqoqosho nokudalwa kwemisebenzi ziqwalaselwe na?
Ingaba kukho ukuhambelana na nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule zezoqoqosho?
Ingaba amanyathelo/iiprojekthi ziyahambelana na noqwalaselo lokunokwenzeka kwezoqoqosho?
Ingaba kukho amanyathelo okanye iindlela zokwenza ezithanda ukutyhafisa okanye ukulibazisa utyalo-mali lwezoqoqosho kwanokudala imisebenzi?
Makunikwe izimvo kumaGqiza oPhando lweeProjekthi xa kungekho ukuhambelana okanye xa kukho uqwalaselo olungonelisiyo.
NJANI Khangela ingcebiso ezenziweyo kumsebenzi ngamnye wocwangciso (4/4 ukuya 4/12)?
Ingcaphephe kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho ingachwechwelwa ukuze incedise kuyilo lwenkqubo xa umasipala engenazo izakhono kwicala locwangciso lwezoqoqosho.
NGUBANI Kuquka amagqwetha abo bangaphangeliyo nawo ahambe iintlanganiso zokucebisana zeQonga lweeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP kwisigaba sesi-4?
Iinkqubo zolawulo neendlela zobuchule.
Khangela umsebenzi zonxibelelwano zinganefuthe elimmandla wocwangciso (4/2) kutyalo-mali lwezoqoqosho nakuyilo lwemisebenzi kunayo nayiphi na inkuthazo yotyalo-mali ekujoliswe kuyo okanye iprojekthi yoyilo lwemisebenzi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kweenkqubo ezilolo hlobo neenjongo ze-LED, ngoko ke, ngumlinganiselo obaluleke kakhulu wokumisela inkqubo ye-LED ezinzisiweyo nenempumelelo.
Imo ilandela umsebenzi uququzelelelo lulandela imisebenzi.
Injongo: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqela lamanyathelo angaguqukiyo nahlangeneyo otshintsho lwamaziko nofezekiso oluhlangeneyo luyenzeka kumasipala, ngokwenza njalo lube negalelo kuqhagamshelwano oluluqilima phakathi kocwangciso nofezekiso.
Iingcebiso zokubunjwa iNkqubo yamaziko ehlangeneyo eza kuthathwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-IDP, mayaziswe ziimfuneko zomthetho wezolingano ngokwezeNgqesho neendlela zobuchule zabantu bokusebenza zikamasipala.
Inkqubo yamaziko ehlanganeyo mayiyilwe njengesishwankathelo seemfuneko zamaziko.
Ingaba imiba yamaziko yophicotho iqwalaselwe na?
Ingaba kukho ukuhambelana nezikhokelo zeendlela zobuchule na?
Ingaba imiqobo yamaziko namandla oluntu iqwalaselwe ngokwaneleyo na?
Makushwankathelwe onke amanyathelo, imiba nemisebenzi enxulumene nophuhliso lwamaziko njengenxalenye yenkqubo engathandabuzekiyo yokulawula inkqubo yofezekiso.
Makuchongwe iimfuneko zotshintsho lwamaziko eziphumela ngaphaya, neemfuneko zophuhliso lwabantu bokusebenza ezivela kwiziphumo zocwangciso lweeprojekthi eziba yimfuneko ukuze urhulumente alungele ufezekiso olungenamagingxi-gingxi, olunobuchule, noluhlangene ngendlela.
Makunikwe amaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi inkcazelo xa kungekho ukuhambelana okanye uqwalaselo olungonelanga lweemfuneko zamaziko zofezekiso.
Makuziswe inkqubo, ikhatshwe zizimvo nezindululo, kwiQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Makuqinisekiswe ukuba izindululo zeQonga leeNgxoxo labameli le-IDP ziyadityaniswa kwizindululo zokugqibela zeeprojekthi nakwiNkqubo yamaZiko eHlangeneyo.
INJONGO: Ukuqinisekisa iqela lamanyathelo acwangcisiweyo nangathandabuzekiyo liqela elikhulu labathathi nxaxheba ukuthintela ukunwenwa kwesifo I-HIV/AIDS nokujongana nemiphumela yaso.
Makushwankathelwe onke amanyathelo anxulumene nesifo i-HIV/AIDS njengenxalenye yenkqubo engathandabuzekiyo.
Makunikwe amagqiza ophando eeProjekthi xa kukho ukungahambelani noqwalaselo olunganelanga.
Njani Khnagela iingcebiso ezizezinye ezicetyiswe kumsebenzi ngamnye wocwangciso 4/3 ukuya ku-4/12?
Ukuba kungenzeka eli gosa lingabi nabuchwephesha malunga namanyathelo anxulumene nesifo IHIV/AIDS, ingcaphephe enobuchule nobuchwepheshe kulo mhlaba iya kubandakanywa.
Makuqinisekiswe ukuba bonke abathathi-nxaxheba abajongene neengxaki ezinxulumene nesifo i-HIV/AIDS kuloo mmandla, baya kuhamba iintlanganiso zokucebisana zeQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
Ukuba abanye oomasipala bengingqi kwisithili eso baziva ngathi kuya kubongamela ukuyila nokufezekisa iindlela zobuchule ezifanelekileyo zokujongana neHIV/AIDS, mabavumelane ngokulungiselela amalinge ahlangeneyo enqanaba lesithili.
Isifo i-HIV/AIDS asiyongxaki yezempilo nje kuphela. Lo bhubhane ukuthintelwa kwaso kwaneziphumo zawo zifunisa iimpendulo ezihlangeneyo zawo onke amaziko namacandelo athath'inxaxheba kuphuhliso lukamasipala.
Ngeli lixa oomasipala benokufuna isikhokelo ngeennkqubo zikazwelonke ukuze bakwazi ukuba bangaphendula njani na, ulawulo lukamasipala maluqinisekise ukuba amanyathelo angawo ayafezekiswa ukusuka ezantsi.
INJONGO: Ukubethelela izakhono zikamasipala ukuthintela nokujongana neentlekele nokuphepha uphuhliso olusemngciphekweni weentlekele.
kwiintlobo ezinokwehla zeentlekele neendawo ezithile/ uluntu olusemngciphekweni.
Makundakanywe abantu abanolwazi lweengozi zentlekele ezinokuhla kwisiGaba soPhuhliso kuMsebenzi woCwangciso 1/4 Makuqinisekiswe ukuba neziphi na iingozi ezinokwehla ziyachongwa.
Makufunyanwe isikhokelo kwiZiko likaZwelonke loLawulo lweNtlekele ngeendlela ezizizo zokuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ezo ngozi neentlekele ezinokwenzeka.
Makulungiswe iindlela zobuchule zolawulo lwentlekele lwengingqi ngokwemeko oku kunokwenziwa kwisiGaba sesi-2.
Makukhangelwe izindululo zeeprojekthi ezifanelekileyo zokuhambelana neendlela zobuchule zolawulo lweentlekele esengingqini kwisiGaba sesi-4 nokunika izimvo kumaGqiza oPhando eeProjekthi.
Makunikezelwe ezi Ndlela zobuchule zoLawulo lweNtlekele kwintlanganiso yokucebisana yeQonga leNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP kuqukwe neenguqu eziya kubakho emva koko.
Umasipala ngamnye makachonge igosa libe linye eliya kongamela ulawulo lwentlekele.
Eli gosa malisebenzisane neZiko likaZwelonke loLawulo lweNtlekele kwakunye nabathath' inxaxheba abafanelekileyo bephondo ekulungiseni isiCwangciso soLawulo lweNtlekele sikamasipala.
Ulawulo lwentlekele ngumsebenzi onqumlezayo wamacandelo onxulumene noluhlu oluninzi lwamacandelo nemiba efana nokuphepha intlawulo okanye utyalo-mali kwindawo apho kukho ingozi kakhulu khona, ubugcisa bezokwakha , ulawulo lwamanzi iinkonzo zezempilo, njl. Ngoko ke, lo ayingomba unokujongwa yiprojekthi eyodwa, koko ifuna ukuhambelana nawo nawaphi na amanyathelo ophuhliso anemigqalisela esisiseko yothintelo nokuncitshiswa kwentlekelele.
Kunokuthathelwa ingqalelo nayiphi na intlekele enokuthi yehle, ubani makangqale iingozi ezinokwenzeka lula ezikwathethelela iinzame zokulungela oko.
Ukuqinisekisa intengo yezabelo ngokubonelela ngethuba lokunika izimvo IsiGaba sesi-5 singenkqubo yezimvo kwi-IDP eyiliweyo efanele ukuba neziphumo zolwamkelo lokulqibela kwesicwangciso libhunga likamasipala. Ngesi sigaba , umasipala makenze konke okusemandleni ukuthenga izabelo ukulungiselela ufezekiso oludibeneyo lwe-IDP ngawo onke amaqela athatha inxaxheba okanye abachaphazelekayo.
Oku kuthetha ukuthi wonke ubani unikwe ithuba lokufikelela kuxwebhu oluyiliweyo baze bathethe ngamaxhala abo.
Ngubani okufuneka enikwe ixesha lokwenza izimvo ngeziqulatho ze-IDP?
Okokuqala, ngamanye amacandelo karhulumente. Badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunikeni ufezekiso inkxaso ngokubonelela ngezimali kwamanye nezakhono zoqeqesho kulawulo. Banolwazi lobugcisa bokuhlola ukuba nakho nokuba nokwenzeka kwezindululo zeeprojekthi. Kwaye amasebe amaphondo karhulumente wengingqi ongamele ukuphonononga ukuhambelana ngokusemthethweni kwe-IDP.
Udibaniso olusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwemigaqo-nkqubo nofezekiso lwesicwangcwiso.
Ngokunikwa ithuba lokuveza izimvo phambi kokuba i-IDP yamkelwe libhunga likamasipala, ithuba liyandiswa lokuba i-IDP eyamkelweyo iya kuyigqitha inkqubo yohlobo emiselwe ngokomthetho ngaphandle kokuqubisana nemiqobo emininzi.
khusela amalungelo abemi. Ulawulo ngalunye maluqwalaselwe ngokuthi kufakelwe okanye kuphendulwe.
Okwesithathu, abahlali, uluntu nabanebango abachaphazeleka ngqo yi-IDP mabanikwe ithuba lokuveza izimvo zabo. Bangabasebenzi beenkonzo okanye amaseko okanye balindeleke ukuba babe negalelo. Abanye bangachaphazeleka zimpembelelo ezigwenxa zophuhliso olucetywayo. Ngenxa yoko, makubekho ixesha elithile lokuba wonke ubani afikelele kwi-IDP eyilwayo aze anikwe nelungelo lokuveza izimvo ngeendlela ezichaziweyo zamaziko. Oku kuchaphazela abameli bemibutho yabanebango ngakumbi ngokucacileyo. (umsebenzi wocwangciso 5/3).
Ukuze kongiwe ixesha, izimvo ezivela kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente, kwizithili kwakunye noomasipala basebumelwaneni, kwakunye nakuwonke-wonke, mazivezwe ngaxeshanye.
Sikwibhunga Emva kokufakelelwa kwezimvo okanye ngenye indlela, izizathu zokungazifakeleli zinikwe, liya kuba lifikile ixesha lokuba ibhunga likamasipala lixoxe uyilo olulungisiweyo ukwenza izigqibo ngezihlomelo eziyimfuneko nokuba zamkelwe (okanye zikhatywe). Ukuze kuncitshiswe umgcipheko wokulibaziseka okubangwa kukukhatywa kwe-IDP libhunga, kucetyiswa ukuba makubekho intlanganiso enye okanye ezimbini zebhunga phambi kokuba olu xwebhu lungeniselwe ukuveza izimvo.
kwinqanaba lesithili ukulungela amanye amacandelo karhulumente, nelizwe langaphandle. Ii-IDP zinethuba elihle lokuqwalaselwa ngamanye amacandelo karhulumente, ii-arhente, zamacandelo kwanemibutho ebonelela ngenkxaso-mali, xa inxalenye yazo efanelekileyo ishwankathelwe yaza yaqulunqwa. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ngokumandla ukuba izishwankathelo zee-IDP zengingqi ezingaba yinxalenye yehlelo- B lesithili se-IDP ziqulunqwe. Ezi zishwankathelo mazingeniswe kubo nabaphi na abafanelekileyo abangabathathi-nxaxheba ngaphandle kwizithili ukwenzela uqwalaselo nohlolo lwenkxaso (umsebenzi wocwangciso 5/6). Ukunqanda ulibaziseko, ii-IDP eziyiliweyo zengunqulelo ezihlaziweyo mazingeniselwe uqulunqo lwesishwankathelo kwisithili ngaphambi kolwamkelo lokugqibela libhunga lengingqi. Omakwenziwe libhunga emva kolwamkelo kukunikezelwa ngokusesikweni kwe-IDP kuMphathiswa worhulumunte wengingqi njengoko kumiselweyo nguMthetho weeNkqubo zikaMasipala, Isahluko se-5, Isiqendu 32.
Ukuqinisekisa ulungelela kwamacandelo amaphondo nakazwelonke ukwamkela i-IDP njengoxwebhu olukhokelayo kwimisebenzi yabo kummandla kamasipala ngokuthi kwenziwe igalelo kuqhegamshelwano olusondelelelneyo phakathi kocwangciso nofezekiso.
zikhokelo zomthetho nomgaqo-nkqubo.
Onke amacandelo amaphondo nakazwelonke anqwenelekayo ukuba enze igalelo kufezekiso lwe-IDP anikwa ithuba elilungileyo lokufunda baze baveze izimvo ngoxwebhu lwe-IDP oluyilwayo.
Ungeniso lwezimvo malunga nokuhambelana nemigaqo-nkqubo yamacandelo , iindlela zobulumko neenkqubo nangokunokubakho nokunokusebenziseka kweeprojekthi eziphakanyisiweyo ngamasebe amacandelo afanelekileyo.
Ungeniso lwezimvo malunga nohambelwano ngokomthetho nomgaqo-nkqubo kwakunye nobunjani boxwebhu locwangcwiso lisebe lephondo lorhulumente wengingqi.
Iingcebiso zokwakha ubume benkqubo a.
Isebe lephondo likarhulumente wengingqi kufuneka aphonononge i-IDP eyithelekisa neqela leempawu ezichaziweyo lize lilandele inkqubo yokuveza izimvo zamanye amasebe ukuqinisekisa ukuba izimvo zingeniswe ngexesha elililo.
Isebe lephondo likarhulumente wengingqi kufuneka liqokelele izimvo ze-IDP zikamasipala ngamnye lize lingenise uludwe oluluqilima lwezimvo kumasipala.
Ukunqanda ulibaziseko olungeyomfuneko, kwakunye nokukhuthaza nokukhuthaza ingcaciso yezimvo, oomasipala kwanamasebe amacandelo ngokunjalo mabakhokele ukusebenzisa naziphi na iindlela ezithe ngqo zonxibelelwano amabazicele okanye banikezele ngezimvo imfooo-mfuno, ifekisi, unxibelelwano ngekhompyutha e-meyili.
Isebe lephondo likarhulumente wengingqi malidlale indima ekhuthazayo neququzelayo ekuqhubeleni phambili inkqubo yonxibelelwano phakathi koomasipala nee-arhente zamacandelo eziphathelene noko. Ulungiselelo malungabi ngunozala wokucothiswa kwenkqubo eyenziwe yimiqobo yezakhono zesebe.
Izithili ngamaziko azo ePIMS, zingancedisa ekuququzeleleni inkqubo yengcaciso enika iimpendulo idibene nesebe likarhulumente wengingqi.
Amaziko azi-PIMS angathathela kuwo umsebenzi nokunikezela izimvo ezichubekileyo egameni lesebe lephondo likarhulumente wengingqi.
Le nkqubo yokuveza izimvo yenzelwe ukuba ibe yinkqubo yengcaciso enika izimvo ezichubekileyo engalandeli migaqo ithile, kwaye akufuneki iphazanyiswe nongeniso olusesikweni lwe -IDP eyamkelweyo nguMphathiswa wephondo. Oku kunceda ekunqandeni ibhunga ukuba lamkele -IDP engalungelelaniswanga ngokwaneleyo (enokubaneziphumo zenkqubo yolungelelaniso enzima nexakayo ehamba ngomgaqo othile, emva kolwamkelo lwe-IDP libhunga).
INJONGO: Ukunqanda intlobo zophuhliso ezichaseneyo koomasipala abameleneyo kwanophinda-phindo lwamalinge nokhuphiswano olutshabalalisayo phakathi koomasipala bengingqi kwisithili kwakunye naphakathi koomasipala bengingqi nabesithili.
Bonke oomasipala bengingqi kwisithili, umasipala wengingqi, noomasipala bengingqi abamelene nabo ngaphandle kwemida yesithili, banikwe ithuba elihle lokufunda, baveze izimvo kwimiba yamaxwebhu ayilwayo e-IDP aphathelelene nabo.
Ukungeniswa kwezimvo eziveziweyo kwimiba yentsebenziswano.
Ibhunga lesitihli ngeziko layo eliyi PIMS malimemele bonke oomasipala kummandla wabo kwintlanganiso yokucebisana ukuze kuxoxwe ngayo yonke imiba enqumla imida, kwakunye nayo yonke imiba enxulumene nosasazo lwemizebenzi phakathi koomasipala bengingqi nabesithili.
Njani Le ntlanganiso yokucebisana yenzelwe ukulungisa imiba ngemvisiswano?
Umasipala wesithili (ngeziko layo eliyi-PIMS ukuba kunokwenzeka) makadlale indima ekhokelayo kule nkqubo ze aqinisekise intsebenziswano efanelekileyo.
Ukunqanda amalinge agqithiseleyo endibaniso kubalulekile ukuba kujoliswe izimvo neengxoxo-mpikiswano kwimiba enqumla imida nengundoqo. Ibhunga lesithili malinikezele ngezikhokelo ezinceda oomasipala bengingqi ukuphunononga imiba efanelekileyo yamaxhwebhu e-IDP.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso sokugqibela siyahambelana neemfuno kwanenjongo eziphambili zabahlali.
Ukukhuthaza ulwamkelo olubanzi lwesi sicwangcwiso ngokwenza oko kuyilwe isiseko sofezekiso olungenamagingxi-gingxi kwanokuphenduleka.
Yonke imibutho yabanebango nabameli boluntu kumasipala lowo (kuquka bonke ooceba nawo onke amalungu eQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP) banikwa ithuba elaneleyo lokufunda nokuphefumla ngoxwebhu lwe-IDP olusayilwayo.
Zonke izimvo zibhalwa phantsi zigcinwe efayilini ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo.
Indlela yokungenisa izimvo mayiyilwe ngendlela apha eza kukhuthaza izimvo ezingqalileyo kakhulu ngokunxulumene namacandelo namagatya athile oxwebhu locwangciso. Izimvo eziqhelekileyo, ezingacacanga nezingathanga ngqo mazingakhuthazwa.
zishwankathelwa khoina; kwaye iinkqubo, iimo neendlela izimvo emazihanjiswe ngayo ziyabhengezwa.
Iikopi ze-IDP eyilwayo okanye isishwankathelo sayo mazisasazwe kubo bonke ooceba nakuwo onke amalungu eQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP, nabanye abanebango abafanelekileyo kwakunye nonondaba bengingqi. Ezinye iikopi mazenziwe zifumaneke kwiindawo ezifikelelekayo kuwonke-wonke.
Igosa elinye lebhunga malungamele ukuqokelela, ukuhlela, ukufayilisha nokubhala phantsi izimvo ngendlela engafihlakalanga.
Umasipala makakhethe igosa libe linye eliya kunikwa uxanduva lokuququzelela inkqubo yokwazisa uwonke-wonke ngeIDP nokubonelela ngamathuba afanelekileyo okunika izimvo.
Ukubonelela ngethuba elaneleyo lokunika izimvo akuthethi ukuzama ukukhuthaza inani elikhulu labantu amabangenise intaphane yezimvo. Eli thuba malingathathwa njengethuba lokuvula iingxoxo kwakhona yemiba esekuvunyelwene ngayo emva kweengxoxo-mpikiswano ezinde, koko mayibe lithuba lokuphonononga ukuba ukuba yonke into isemgaqweni njengoko bekuvunyelwene.
I-IDP ehlaziyiweyo ibonisa izimvo neenkxalabo zawo onke amaqela athath' inxaxheba okanye achatshazelwa lufezekiso lwesicwangciso kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Bonke abanebango baziva ngathi inkxalabo yabo iqwlalaselwe ngokwaneleyo. Ngenxa yoko inkxaso ye-IDP iye yandiswa kakhulu kwaze ukuxhathisa ngakuyo kwancitshiswa.
Uxwebhu apho zonke izimvo zidweliswe khona zikhatshwa linqakwana elixela indlela izimvo ezo ezifakelelwe ngayo, okanye izizathu ezibangela ukuba zingafakelwa.
Iileta ezinika ingcaciso kwabo bangenise izimvo zabo.
Imiba engundoqo exoxisayo evela kwizimvo mayixovulwe liQonga leeNgxoxo labameli le-IDP.
Emva kokuba zonke izimvo zishwankathelwe, iKomiti yeThutyana ye -IDP iya kudibana igqibe ngendlela uluvo ngalunye emalujongwe ngayo.
Makonyulwe abantu abaza kuphumeza izigqibo ngokulungisa uyilo lwe-IDP ngokwendlela efanelekileyo kunye/okanye ngokubhala impendulo eya kuloo mntu okanye kuloo mbutho ubungenise ezo zimvo.
Imiba exoxisayo echaphazela izigqibo zangaphambili zeQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP mayingeniswe kwelo Qonga ukuze kuthathwe izigqibo.
IKomiti yeThutyana ye-IDP mayigqibe ngendlela yokujongana nezimvo nokuqinisekisa ukuba iphethwe ngokwanelisayo nangokufanelekileyo.
ngeendlela zobuchule nemiba ephambili.
Ukuba kukho izimvo ezininzi, mazisingathwe yikomiti eyodwa. Isigqibo malunga nendlela yokusingatha uluvo, noxa kunjalo, oku kungenziwa kuphela kwinqanaba eliphezulu oko kukuthi, yiKomiti yeThutyana ye-IDP.
iveki e-1 yemeko yesiqhelo, iveki enye eyongezelelweyo yemiba exoxisayo eziswa kwiQonga leeNgxoxo laBameli le-IDP.
INJONGO: Ukubonelela I-IDP ngegosa newonga lomthetho njengoko kumiselweyo nguMthetho weNkqubo zikaMasipala.
Isicwangciso soPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo esamkelweyo.
Bonke ooceba mabafumane ikopi ye-IDP eyilwayo kanye ngenyanga ubuncinane, phambi kokuba ibhunga lihlangenele ukugqiba ngayo.
Ngethuba abathathi-nxaxheba abafanelekileyo banikwa ithuba lokuvakalisa izimvo, ooceba neKomiti yesiGqeba nabo mabasebenzise eli thuba ukuxoxa ngolu xwebhu baphefumle ngalo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba uyilo oluhlaziyiweyo olunikezelwe kwintlanganiso yebhunga lujongane neenkxalabo zooceba.
Ngokwenkqubo ezinyanzeliswa ngumthetho weentlanganiso zebhunga.
Ukuba isigqibo sebhunga siye sarhoxiswa, makuqinisekiswe ukuba i-IDP eyilwayo ingasetyenziswa njengesiseko senkqubo yohlahlo- lwabiwo-mali kangangoo oku kunganxulumenanga nemiba exoxisayo eye yabangela olo rhoxiso.
kwintsebenziswano yabo kunye noomasipala bengingqi, ngokwenza njalo bandisa amathuba okuba amahlakani avela kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente, icandelo labucala kwakunye namaqumrhu abaniki-zinkonzo baya kuzisebenzisa ezi-IDP.
Amagqabantshintshi akwitheyibhile angeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ezihlangeneyo mawashwankathele iinkcukacha ezivela kubo bonke oomasipala kwitheyibhile enye, kunokunikezela ngeenkcukacha kumasipala ngomasipala.
Izithili mazibonelele oomasipala bengingqi ngeepatheni eziya kuba nceda ukuqulunqa iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ngendlela esemgangathweni.
Oomasipala bengingqi bazalisa ezo patheni ngokusekelwe kwiinkcukacha ezivela kwii-IDP zabo ezisayilwayo zize zingeniswe kwisithili.
Izithili zizinzisisa iinkcukacha ziziqokelele kwitheyibhile yamagqabantshintshi.
Apho kukho amaziko eePIMS , mawathabathele kuwo uxanduva lwalo Msebenzi wocwangcwiso.
Njengokuba ii-arhente zikarhulumente ziya kuba ngabamkeli nabasebenzisi abaphambili bezi zishwankathelo, isebe lephondo lorhulumente wengingqi kufuneka libe nenxaxheba kwizigqibo ngeziqulatho neemilo zezishwankathelo ezinjalo.
Ezi zishwankathelo zenzelwa ikakhulu ukunceda iimfuno zamahlakani entsebenziswano ngaphandle kwesithili esimele ukujongana noomasipala abaninzi bengingqi. Amahlakani entsebenziswano engingqi kuquka amaqumrhu abaniki- zinkonzo nemibutho yamacandelo abucala asekelwe ngaphakathi kwisithili eso, aya kulufuna olu xwebhu lupheleleyo lwe-IDP.
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Lo msebenzi unelungelo loshicilelo. Akukho nkcazelo yale ncwadi iya kukhutshelwa ngalo nangaluphi na uhlobo okanye ngayo nangayiphi na indlela - ngokusetyenziswa koomatshini okanye kombane ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yeKhomishini yeNkonzo kaRhulumente.
UmGaqo-siseko woMzantsi-Afrika (isaHluko 10) ubethelela ukuba iNkonzo kaRhulumente kufuneka...
Ilawulwe ngokwezithethe nemigaqo yomGaqo-siseko esekelwe kwidemokhrasi.
Ilondoloze kwaye ihlumise umgangatho ophakamileyo wokuziphatha ngokufanelekileyo.
Ihlumise ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zikarhulumente ngokufanelekileyo, ngoqoqosho nangokulungileyo.
Inikezele ngeenkonzo ngokungenamkhethe, ngobulungisa, ngokulinganayo nangaphandle kokuthatha icala.
Isabele kwiimfuno zabantu ize ikhuthaze uthathonxaxheba loluntu kwimiba yomgaqo-nkqubo.
Ibe nokuphendula ngezenzo zayo.
Yenzele izinto ekuhleni ngokunika abantu inkcazelo echanekileyo ngethuba.
Igabulele ulawulo lwezakhono zabasebenzi olusulungekileyo nophuhliso lwamakhondo emisebenzi ukuphucula izakhono zabasebenzi.
Ibonakalise ukumelwa kweendidi zabantu bonke boMzantsi-Afrika kwingqesho nakulawulo lwabasebenzi okusekelwe kwisakhono, ekungakhetheni cala, kubulungisa nasekulungisweni kokungalingani okwadalwa yimeko yocalucalulo.
IKhomishini yeNkonzo kaRhulumente igunyaziswa yimiqathango yomGaqo-siseko wowe-1996 ukuba iphakamise kwaye ilondoloze umgangatho ophezulu wemigaqo yokuziphatha ngokufanelekileyo kwabo bonke abasebenzi bakaRhulumente. Ngonyaka we-1997 umGaqo wokuziPhatha weNkonzo kaRhulumente wabhengezwa waza emva koko waphakanyiswa ngokubanjwa kweembizo namagosa kuzwelonke nakumaphondo. Kwaye kwakhona kwakho imfuneko yokuba kuqulunqwe isikhokelo somGaqo wokuziPhatha khona ukuze kube ube nokuqondwa ngcono intsingiselo yayo kwanendlela yokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Egameni leKhomishini yeNkonzo kaRhulumente, ndiziva ndiwongekile ngokunikezela kuwo onke amagosa aphantsi kwengqesho karhulumente woMzantsi-Afrika le Ncwadana yeNkcazelo yomGaqo wokuziPhatha weNkonzo kaRhulumente. UmGaqo wokuziPhatha yeyona ntsika ibalulekileyo ekusekweni kolawulo olufanelekileyo nendlela efanelekileyo yokuziphatha kwabasebenzi bakarhulumente. Le migaqo iphathelele kwimiba efana nokuhlonitshwa kwamalungelo abantu, umgaqo womthetho, ukuphendula ngezenzo zakho, ukwenzelwa kwezinto ekuhleni (ukungafihli nto) kwinkonzo karhulumente, ukuziphatha komsebenzi nento umntu anomdla kuyo ngaphandle kwasemsebenzini.
IKhomishini yeNkonzo kaRhulumente ibhenela ngokungazenzisiyo kubo bonke abasebenzi bakarhulumente, ukususela koyena usezantsi kuye koyena uphezulu, ukuba babonakalise ulwazi lwabo lwemigaqo, izikhokelo nemiyalelo equlathwe kumGaqo wokuziPhatha. Asinto leyo inokuzenzekela nje ngokwayo, kungko ikwasiso nesinyanzeliso ukuba kufuneka kufezekiswe unikezelo lweenkonzo eluntwini. Kubaluleke kakhulu kwakhona ukuba amagosa karhulumente, ngokomgaqo lo, angazamkeli, izipho namalizo asuka ebantwini njengoko oko kunokubonakala njengezenzo zokunyoba.
Sinqwenela ukuncoma bonke abaphathi namagosa athe azinikezela ekuphakanyisweni komGaqo wokuziPhatha weNkonzo kaRhulumente. Ndiyanibongoza ukuba niqhube naloo msebenzi mhle ningayeki ukuphakamisa iindlela zokuziphatha ngokufanelekileyo kwinkonzo karhulumente.
IKhomishini yeNkonzo kaRhulumente iyathemba ukuba le ncwadana yenkcazelo iya kuba luncedo ekuphakanyisweni kokuthembeka nokugqibelela emsebenzini nokukhuthaza imizamo emikhulu kuthi sonke khona ukuze sibe nomoya wokungakwazi ukulunyamezela urhwaphilizo eMzantsi-Afrika.
Okokugqibela, ndingathanda ukukhuthaza bonke abasebenzi bakarhulumente ukuba baqinisekise ukuba iindlela abaziphatha ngazo zihambelana nezithethe kwanemigaqo esisiseko solawulo lwabasebenzi bakarhulumente. Kwakhona, ndingathanda ukubakhuthaza abasebenzi ukuba baziqhelanise nomGaqo wokuziPhatha ndawonye nale Ncwadana yeNkcazelo.
Ukuqulunqwa kwale Ncwadana yeNkcazelo yomGaqo wokuziPhatha weNkonzo kaRhulumente kunge kungakhanga kwaba yimpumelelo ngaphandle kokuzinikezela nenkxaso yabantu abaninzi nemibutho emininzi efanelwe kukukhankanywa nokunakanwa ngokukodwa.
AmaSebe eSizwe nawamaPhondo akuxhasile ukuqulunqwa kweNcwadana yeNkcazelo aza akaphelela apho, enza namagalelo okuphuculwa kwayo.
IOfisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu ibe negalelo elibalulekileyo ekuqulunqweni kwale ncwadi.
Imibutho yabasebenzi ithathe inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso ezininzi nakwiimbizo zokucaciselana apho ithe yenza khona izindululo ezibalulekileyo.
Abasebenzi beOfisi yeKhomishini yeNkonzo kaRhulumente bafake igxalaba kuphando nasekusungulweni kwesigaba sokugqibela sale ncwadi.
Okokugqibela, sivakalisa umbulelo omkhulu kwiSebe loPhuhliso lwaMazwe ngaMazwe laseBhilitane ngenkxaso-mali yokushicilela le Ncwadana yeNkcazelo yomGaqo wokuziPhatha weNkonzo kaRhulumente.
Injongo yale ncwadana kukuchaza okuqulathwe ngumGaqo wokuziPhatha ngokugqibeleleyo. Ukubhalwa komGaqo osemthethweni kufuna uqoqosho lwamagama, ukungqala nesigama esisemthethweni. Le ncwadana ke izama ukubeka imigaqo ngendlela enokuqondakala ngokugqibeleleyo kubo bonke abasebenzi bakarhulumente.
INcwadana yeNkcazelo ayinamigaqo mitsha kwaye ibhalwe kanye ngokufanayo ncakasana nomGaqo wokuziPhatha ngobume nangokufakelwa kweenombolo, nto leyo yenza ukuba kube lula ukuzithelekisa ezi ncwadi zimbini. Xa esebenzisa le Ncwadana, amasebe afanele ukuba azame ukongeza eyawo imizekeliso ngokweendawo akuzo.
Kufanele ukuba ibethelelwe into yokuba uphuhliso lwale Ncwadana yinkqubo engemanga ndawonye, koko etshintshantshintshayo kwaye iya kufuna ukumana ihlaziywa ngamaxesha athile njengoko kuya kuba njalo nakumGaqo wokuziPhatha ngokwawo.
Khona ukuze kube nokuphakanyiswa umgangatho ophakamileyo wendlela efanelekileyo yokuziphatha emsebenzini, kufanele ukuba abasebenzi bakarhulumente bakhuthazwe ukuba baziphathe ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ngoko ke le ncwadana ifanele ukuba isetyenziswe njengesikhokelo ekuphuhlisweni nasekwenzeni iikhosi zoqeqesho ezimfutshane zabo bonke abasebenzi. Le Ncwadana ikwaqulathe imizekeliso emininzi ebonisa ubungxakangxaka bemigaqo yokuziphatha kwindawo yomsebenzi, obunokuthi busetyenziswe njengesiseko soqeqesho nesemizekelo yezinto ezikhe zenzeka.
Xa ithelekiswa nomGaqo wokuziPhatha, le Ncwadana inganceda ekumiseleni ukuthenjwa kwenkonzo karhulumente luluntu nokukhula kokungabi namkhethe kwayo ngokuthi kwenziwe izinto njengoko kulindelekile ngokuphathelele kwindlela eyamkelekileyo yokuziphatha.
Yinyaniso emsulwa ukuba abantu bafunda ngokuqwalasela nangamava. Ngoko ke uxanduva olulodwa lubekwa emagxeni omqeshi, uxanduva olufana namagunya okulawula (abaphathiswa bakazwelonke nabamaphondo) kwezombuso nabaphathi beenkonzo zikarhulumente kuzo zonke izigaba, ukuba benze indawo yokusebenza ifaneleke apho kunokumiselwa khona izithethe nalapho kusekwa khona izinto eziyimizekelo kubo bonke abasebenzi.
Icandelo 195 (a) lomGaqo-siseko lithi "makuphakanyiswe kulondolozwe umgangatho ophakamileyo weendlela zokuziphatha ezifanelekileyo" kulawulo lukarhulumente jikelele. Ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano sabasebenzi nabaqeshi (IsiGqibo 2 sowe-1999 seBhunga loThethathethwano labaSebenzi leNkonzo kaRhulumente) bonke abasebenzi abakwiiNkonzo zikaRhulumente banoxanduva lokuthobela umGaqo wokuziPhatha obekiweyo. Njengoko oku kusesona siseko sibalulekileyo sokuthintela, sokululeka nesokuvavanya amatyala oluleko, umqeshi kufuneka enze konke anakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba umGaqo wokuziPhatha uyaziwa ngabo bonke abasebenzi.
Kubalulekile ukuyibethelela into yokuba eyona njongo iphambili yomGaqo wokuziPhatha kukuphakamisa indlela yokuziphatha engumzekelo. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi uya kuba netyala lokungaziphathi kakuhle ngokwemigaqo yalo mThetho ukhankanywe ngasentla kwaye usenokumangalelwa ngokwemiqathango yecandelo le-18 nelama-27 njengoko lihlaziyiwe kumThetho oYilwayo woHlaziyo lwemiThetho yeNkonzo kaRhulumente wowe-1997, xa athe waphikisana nawo nawuphi na umqathango womGaqo wokuziPhatha.
Umsebenzi uya kuthembakala kwiRiphabhliki aze athobele umGaqo-siseko, akhokelwe nguwo ekwenzeni umsebenzi wakhe wemihla ngemihla.
Igama elithi "Riphabhliki" linokutolikwa njengegama elithetha "ilizwe" - uMzantsi-Afrika ke ngoko. Eyona mfanelo isisiseko yeyokuba bonke abasebenzi bakarhulumente baya kuthembakala balithobele ilizwe labo.
UmGaqo-siseko uthetha ngemiba ethile ephathelele kumalungelo abo bonke abantu nezinto ezingumdla kubo bonke abantu. Le nkcazelo yomGaqo wokuziPhatha, okokuqala, ifuna ukuthembakala kwabasebenzi bakarhulumente kwimeko ekhoyo yedemokhrasi. Okwesibini, ubukhulu bomGaqo-siseko bufuneka bamkelwe kwaye buhlonitshwe nguye wonke umntu. Okwesithathu, nawuphi na umsebenzi karhulumente ufanele ukuba abe nolwazi oluphangaleleyo lwemiqathango nenjongo yomGaqo-siseko khona ukuze abe nakho ukugcina nokumisela inkqubo esebenzayo.
Umzekelo 1: Abasebenzi bakaRhulumente abakumanqwanqwa ahlukeneyo abandakanyeka kakhulu okanye kancinane ekwenzeni izindululo eziphathelele kumgaqo-nkqubo. Naziphi na izindululo ezilolo hlobo kufuneka ziphononongwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba aziyi kungqubana nomoya kunye / okanye nemigaqo ethile yomGaqo-siseko. Imigaqo yomGaqo-siseko efana nothatho-nxaxheba lwabantu nokungafihli nto ekusetyenzelweni koluntu nayo kufuneka ilandelwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka xa sukuba kuqulunqwa umgaqo-nkqubo.
Umzekelo 2: Icandelo lama-33 lomGaqo-siseko lithi nabani na omalungelo akhe athe achaphazeleka ngokungathandekiyo zizenzo zolawulo, unelungelo lokuba anikwe izizathu ezibhalwe phantsi. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuthobela umGaqo-siseko, nawuphi na umsebenzi karhulumente ufanele ukuba aqinisekise ukuba izigqibo eziphathelele kulawulo nakwizenzo zisekelwe kwizizathu ezifanelekileyo kangangokuba ezo zizathu zinganikezelwa kuye nabani na ochaphazelekayo. Lilonke, oku kuthetha ukuba zonke izenzo zolawulo kufuneka zingafihlakali, zenzelwe ekuhleni ukutsho oko.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abeke phambili iimfuno zabantu ekwenzeni umsebenzi wakhe.
Lo mgaqo uthetha ukuba xa kufuneka kuthathwe izigqibo okanye kusetyenziswe ingqiqo, kufuneka kukhokeliswe izinto ezingumdla wabantu kuqala. Umdla womsebenzi karhulumente okanye umdla walo naliphi na icandelo kufuneka uze emva komdla wabantu.
Umzekelo 1: Igcisa elisebenza esibhedlele libotshelelwa sisivumelwano somsebenzi walo ukuba lisebenze ukususela kwintsimbi yesi-8:00 ukuya kwi-16:30. Akukho sicwangciso sikhoyo esiphathelele ekuhlawulweni kwexesha elingaphaya kwelesiqhelo. Isiphango siwise ipali ehambisa umbane esibhedlele kwaye amagumbi ethiyetha asebenzisa umbane wejenareyitha. Kunjalo, ijenareyitha inengxaki enayo kwaye igcisa liyalelwe ukuba lenze umsebenzi ongxamisekileyo kwijenareyitha ngentsimbi ye-16:00. Kulindeleke ukuba igcisa lingemki lingawugqibanga umsebenzi walo ongxamisekileyo nokuba oko kuthetha ukuba liya kugqiba emva kwexesha lesiqhelo lomsebenzi.
Umzekelo 2: Isininzi sabasebenzi esisebenza kwiofisi yenqila sinomdla wokuthatha iholide yonyaka ngenyanga yoMnga (Disemba). Ukuba inokuvunywa loo holide, oko kungathetha ukuba iofisi ayiyi kuba nakho ukunceda abantu ngokufanelekileyo ngelo thuba. Kufuneka kukho ukuhlangabezana phakathi kwabaphathi nabasebenzi abachaphazelekayo, okuya kubangela ukuba kubekho amagosa angayithathiyo iholide khona ukuze umsebenzi ube nokuqhuba njengesiqhelo.
Umsebenzi uya kufezekisa umgaqo-nkqubo worhulumente osezintanjeni ngokuthembekileyo xa sukuba esenza umsebenzi wakhe osemthethweni ngokwemigaqo equlethwe kwiincwadi zomthetho nakwamanye amacandelo.
ULuhlu lwamaLungelo kumGaqo-siseko, phakathi kwezinye izinto, lukhusela amalungelo ezopolitiko ommi woMzantsi-Afrika ngamnye, aquka ilungelo lokuzibandakanya okanye lokuba kumbutho wezopolitiko okholeke kuye. Inkqubo yonyulo iya kukhokelela ekubeni iqela elifumene iivoti ezininzi libe lilo elilawulayo. Oku ke kuthetha ukuba, iminqweno yomsebenzi karhulumente isenokungafezekiswa ngenxa yeziphumo zonyulo. Kwakhona, oku kusenokuthetha ukuba izinto ezifuna ingqwalaselo ephambili, inkqubo yezicwangciso nemigaqo-nkqubo ezisetyenziswa ngurhulumente obambe iintambo zisenokwahluka kwizinto ezingumnqweno womsebenzi karhulumente. Nangani kunjalo, abasebenzi bakarhulumente kufuneka besebenzele urhulumente owonyuliweyo ngokuzimisela, ngobuchule nangokuthembakala ekufezekiseni loo migaqo-nkqubo.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi karhulumente ukholelwa ekubeni amaziko ezempilo afana neekliniki ngawona afanele kunikwa ingqwalaselo ephambili kumgaqo-nkqubo kweli lizwe kwaye kwalo msebenzi uxhasa iqela lezopolitiko elinolu luvo. Urhulumente osezintanjeni yena ubeka phambili umgaqo-nkqubo ongobonelelo ngezindlu nowokuthintelwa kolwaphulomthetho. Kwimeko enjalo, umsebenzi uya kulindeleka ukuba amkele izicwangciso zikarhulumente. Nangona kunjalo, oko akuthethi kuyekelelwa kwezimvo okanye ubuchule bokuqamba.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba urhulumente ophetheyo ucinga ngokwenza isikim esithile kwaye umsebenzi kufuneka ecebise ngendlela ephucukileyo esinokwenziwa ngayo eso sikim, umsebenzi, nokuba akavumelani na neso sikim, unyanzelekile ukuba azibekele bucala ezakhe izimvo, athathe izigqibo ezingenamkhethe ngokukhangela amacebo anokusetyenziswa nokulunga nokungalungi kwamacebo lawo, akhangele eyona ndlela ingcono kunezinye olunokuxhamla ngayo uluntu olulungiselelwayo.
Umsebenzi kufuneka azame ukuziqhelanisa aze athobele yonke imithetho neminye imiyalelo echaphazelekayo kwindlela yokuziphatha kwakhe nasemsebenzini.
Khona ukuze umsebenzi abe nokukhonza urhulumente ophetheyo ngentembeko nangokufanelekileyo, kwanoluntu ngokubanzi, kufuneka abasebenzi bayazi ngokupheleleyo imigaqo yokuziphatha, imigaqo-nkqubo emayela nemisebenzi yabo kwaneenkqubo ekufuneka zilandelwe.
Abongameli babasebenzi banoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi banolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngomsebenzi wabo. Abasebenzi nabo bakwanoxanduva lokwenza imigudu yokuba babe nolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngemisebenzi yabo, babe nokusebenza ngokuncomekayo ngokwemiqathango yemigaqo-nkqubo ebekiweyo nangokweenkqubo ezisebenzayo kwimeko yomsebenzi wabo, bekwenza oko ngendlela eyanelisayo kurhulumente nakubantu ekukhonzwa bona.
Umzekelo 1: Ngokungabi nalwazi lwemiyalelo yezemali kwinkonzo karhulumente, igosa ligunyazisa ukuthengwa kwempahla ngaphandle kokufumana imvume kwiofisi yoLawulo-mali. Inkcitho enjalo iya kuba yinkcitho engagunyaziswanga kwaye isenokukhokelela kwiindleko nakwinkcitho engenanjongo yoxambuliswano kwinkundla yomthetho nakumabango embuyekezo.
Umzekelo 2: Ngenxa yokungabi nalwazi, umsebenzi unika inkcazo engeyiyo umntu owenza isicelo sokwamkela inkamnkam yobudala, ngokubhekiselele kwiimfanelo zokucela inkamnkam, kwinkqubo elandela isicelo okanye ngesixa-mali aya kusifumana umenzi-sicelo. Oku kungaba neziqhamo ezibi kumenzi-sicelo.
Umsebenzi usebenzisana namaziko karhulumente asekwe phantsi komthetho noMgaqo-siseko ekuphakamiseni umdla woluntu.
Amaziko amaninzi asekwe phantsi komGaqo-siseko (uMkhuseli woLuntu, uMphicothi-zincwadi, iKhomishini yeNkonzo kaRhulumente, iKhomishini yoLingano ngokweSini njl.) kanti amanye amaziko wona asekwe ngokomthetho (iibhodi zeziniki-maxabiso, iikhomishini zovavanyo njl.). La maziko ajongene nokulungisa nokulungelelanisa imiba ethile ukuqinisekisa ngolawulo olungahexiyo. Abasebenzi bakaRhulumente bafanele ukuba bangawathathi la maziko njengangento, koko kufuneka bewancedisile ukuba abe nokwenza imisebenzi yawo, umzekelo, ngokuwanika nayiphi na ingcaciso nenkcazelo anokuyifuna.
Umzekelo 1: Ukuba iOfisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu icelwe ukuba iphande ngesikhalazo somntu esingesebe likarhulumente, iya kulindela ukuba abasebenzi belo sebe babambisane nayo ngokunikezela ngayo nayiphi na inkcazelo efunekayo.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba uMphicothi-zincwadi ufumanisa ukungemi kakuhle kolawulo lwemali kwisebe, amagosa esebe elichaphazelekayo akufuneki bakuthathe kakubi okufunyanisiweyo. Kufanele ukuba bayiqonde kwaye bayithakazelele indima edlalwa nguMphicothi-zincwadi, baze basebenzisane ngokugqibeleleyo neofisi yoMphicothi-zincwadi ukuzama ukusombulula iingxaki ezichongiweyo.
Umsebenzi karhulumente uphakamisa ubunye nokuphila kwesizwe soMzantsi-Afrika ekwenzeni kwakhe umsebenzi wakhe osemthethweni.
ekuphuculweni komgangatho wentlalo yabo bonke abantu nokusetyenziswa ngokukhululekileyo kwamandla omntu ngamnye nokwakha uMzantsi-Afrika omanyeneyo nowedemokhrasi onakho ukuthabatha indawo yawo efanelekileyo njengelizwe elizilawulayo kwindibanisela yabantu abaziintlanga ngeentlanga.
Khona ukuze kube nokuqondwa nokulondolozwa kweminqweno ephakamileyo ephakanyiswa ngumGaqo-siseko, kufuneka abemi boMzantsi-Afrika benenjongo nemizamo yokuzinikezela. Abasebenzi bakarhulumente babonwa njengenxalenye "kaRhulumente", ngoko ke oku kubaluleke nangaphezulu kubo.
Umzekelo 1: Ubudlelwane obububo, umoya wokusebenzisana nomoya omhle, oluncedo nofanelekileyo phakathi kwabasebenzi abaziintlanga ezahlukeneyo kodwa besebenzela urhulumente, uya kuba ngumzekelo omhle kuluntu jikelele. Umzekelo omhle ungafumaneka kwiofisi ekukhutshwa kuyo iincwadi zezazisi okanye iipasipoti.
Umzekelo 2: Umsebenzi kufanele ukuba abhalisele ukufunda olunye lweelwimi ezisemthethweni olusetyenziswa kwingingqi leyo akuyo. Kufanele ukuba kwakhona akhuthaze ukutolikelwa kolwimi kwezinye iilwimi ezisemthethweni kwiintlanganiso xa ikho imfuneko yoko.
Umsebenzi uya kukhonza abantu ngendlela engathathi cala nengenamkhethe khona ukuze abe nokuthenjwa ngabantu.
Inkonzo kaRhulumente ikhonza bonke abantu kwaye abantu balindele ukuphathwa ngokufanayo, ngokufanelekileyo, ngesidima nangobubele. Abasebenzi ke ngoko kufuneka bekwenzile oku ngokuphatha abantu abasebenza nabo babakhonzayo ngokufanayo, ngendlela engayi kubangela intembeko nje kuphela kubantu, koko eya kuseka ukuthakazelelwa komgangatho nobuchule beenkonzo ezinikezelwayo.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi ubambe isikhundla kwisebe apho kuqwalaselwa khona izicelo zabantu zeenkonzo ezithile. Ummelwane womsebenzi uyayazi into yokuba anganakho ukuyiphembelela inkqubo leyo ngohlobo oluthile, aze aye kucela umsebenzi lowo ukuba amncedise ekukhawuleziseni izicelo ezo. Umsebenzi kufuneka ayiqwalasele ngeliso elibanzi imeko enjalo njengoko naliphi na inyathelo elithatyathiweyo lokuncediswa ngummelwane linokujongwa njengelinge lokwenzelelela ummelwane lowo ngcono kunabanye abaceli-msebenzi.
Umzekelo 2: Umsebenzi kufuneka acele abantu abazokufuna uncedo kuye ukuba bafole ukuze umntu ngamnye abe nokuncedwa xa kufike igem yakhe, kungenzelelelwa mntu okanye kube ngathi kwenzeka loo nto.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nembeko, abe noncedo kwaye afikeleleke ekusebenzeni kwakhe nabantu ngawo onke amaxesha, abaphathe abantu njengabantu abanelungelo lokufumana owona mgangatho uphezulu wenkonzo.
Kubalulekile ukuba abasebenzi bayiqonde into yokuba, ngokungenela kwabo inkonzo karhulumente, bayazinikezela ekukhonzeni uluntu ngokubanzi.
Abantu balindele ukuba bakhonzwe kwaye bafuna ukuba abasebenzi bafumaneke baze babancede ngobubele nangobuchule.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi ufumana ifowuni esuka kumntu wasekuhlaleni kodwa kuyacaca ukuba umbuzo walo mntu ufowunayo kufuneka ubhekiswe kwelinye icandelo okanye isebe. Umsebenzi usuka amxelele lowo ufowunayo ukuba makabuze kwenye indawo. Impendulo elolu hlobo ingakhokelela ekubeni umntu lowo ebefowuna athunyelwe kwiinombolo zabantu abohlukeneyo engakhange abe uncedisiwe ekufumaneni indawo echanekileyo anokubuza kuyo. Oku asikokunceda abantu kwaye kungabangela ukuba ibekwe ibala inkonzo karhulumente. Umsebenzi ufanele ukuba amncedise umntu obuza ngefowuni, ngokuthi yena akhangele indawo echanekileyo anokubuza kuyo umntu lowo, ukuze esakuyifumana amfowunele loo mntu, amchazele.
Umzekelo 2: Apho kukho ikhawuntala, umsebenzi othile akanabantu bafole kwikhawuntala yakhe, kanti ugxa wakhe unabantu abalindele ukuncedwa. Umsebenzi ongenabantu bafolileyo kweyakhe ikhawuntala, ufanele ukuba ancedise ugxa wakhe ngokucutha abo bantu bafole kuye, kodwa ke kufuneka ukuba abe kanti uyawazi kakuhle umsebenzi lowo wogxa wakhe.
Umzekelo 3: Xa sukuba umntu esiya kucela idinga negosa likarhulumente, umzekelo, idinga lokufumana ingcaciso ngeemfanelo zomntu ofuna indlu kwezakhiwa ngurhulumente, igosa likarhulumente kufuneka lizame ukumnika idinga loo mntu ngokukhawuleza. Oko akuyi kubonisa kuphela ukufikeleleka kwelo gosa, koko kuya kubonisa nomdla ekuncedeni abantu.
Umsebenzi karhulumente kufuneka abonakalise ukukhathalela iimeko neenkxalabo zabantu ekwenzeni kwakhe umsebenzi wakhe nasekwenzeni izigqibo ezibachaphazelayo.
Nangona iimfuno kunye / okanye iinkxalabo zabantu zingakhangeleki, ngokubona kwabasebenzi bakarhulumente, njengezixhalabisa kangako, abasebenzi bakarhulumente kufuneka bazame ukuba nomonde, babancede, babachazele okanye bababonise ngendlela abanokusombulula ngayo iingxaki zabo.
Iinkxalabo ezivakaliswe ngabantu okanye ngamaqela kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo. Inkqubo yodliwano-ndlebe nengafihlakalanga kwimiba evakaliswe ngabantu okanye ngamaqela, kungaluncedo olukhulu kwezo meko nezo nkxalabo zabantu.
Umzekelo 1: Kucetywa ikliniki yabantu abahlala kummandla osemaphandleni kodwa kunjalo kukwakho nengcinga yokubabonelela ngekliniki ehambayo. Kwimeko enjalo, abantu abo bachaphazelekayo kufuneka kuyiwe kubo kuviwe izimvo zabo. Oko kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba isigqibo ekufikelelwe kuso sesona sifanelekileyo kwaye nabantu kufuneka kuyiwe kubo kwangethuba.
Umzekelo 2: Umsebenzi karhulumente unoxanduva lokuqwalasela izicelo zenkxaso-mali yezindlu zabantu abebehlelelekile ngaphambili abahlala ematyotyombeni. Ukuba izicelo aziqwalaselwa ngokukhawuleza nangobuchule, oko kungathetha ukulibaziseka kwephulo lezindlu nokuba abantu basaya kuhlala phantsi kweemeko ezingaginyisi mathe ithuba elidana kunokuba bekulindelekile, kanti ukuba bezikhawulezisiwe bekungayi kwenzeka oko.
Umsebenzi uzinikezela kuphuhliso nokuphakanyiswa kwabo bonke abantu boMzantsi-Afrika ngokusebenza ngokukhawuleza.
URhulumente ophetheyo uyicacise ngokucacileyo injongo yakhe yokuphakamisa uluntu obeluhlelelekile ngaphambili njengoko kuchaziwe kwiNkqubo yoLwakhiwo ngokutsha noPhuhliso. Ezi njongo kufuneka zifezekiswe ngawo onke amasebe ngokwemisebenzi yawo.
UMzantsi-Afrika lilizwe elisakhulayo kwaye isininzi sabemi bawo asinalwazi, ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, ngamalungelo noxanduva lwabo, ngeenkonzo abanelungelo kuzo, ngemigaqo ekufuneka beyilandele nokuba ngubani na abanokudibana naye ngalo mba. Njengoko inkonzo karhulumente ikhonza bonke abantu, abasebenzi bakarhulumente luxanduva lwabo ukubonelela abantu abangenalwazi ngayo yonke ingcaciso efunekayo, ngesikhokelo nangoncedo abalufunayo. Oku kufuneka kwenzeke ngobubele nangobuchule, nokuba oku kuthetha ukudluliselwa komntu kwelinye isebe okanye isakhiwo ngendlela ebonakalisa uthando.
Umzekelo 1: Abasebenzi kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zophuhliso okanye zokuphakamisa ezenziwa ngamasebe abakuwo. Kufuneka bawukhuthalele umsebenzi wabo kwaye baqinisekise ukuba iinkqubo ezinjalo zenzeka ngendlela esulungekileyo nechubekileyo kwaye zisenzeka ngamaxesha ezisikelwe wona.
Umzekelo 2: Xa sukuba abasebenzi bephethe umcimbi wabantu kwiziko lezempilo, kufuneka balisebenzise elo thuba ekubacebiseni xa bekrokrela ukuba ingathi noko ulwazi lwabo ngemibandela yezempilo lunqongophele. Xa abasebenzi bengenakho ukubonelela ngalo lonke uncedo olufunekayo ngokwabo, kufuneka bamthumele umntu kugxa wabo ofanelekileyo ngokwamava khona ukuze umntu lowo abe nokucetyiswa, anikwe ingcaciso ngokufanelekileyo.
Umsebenzi akufuneki acalule nawuphi na umntu ngenxa yohlanga, yesini, ngokobuzwe okanye imvelaphi, yebala, yesenzo esityekele kwicala elithile lesini, yobudala, yokukhubazeka, yenkolo, yomba wezopolitiko, yesazela, yenkolelo, yenkcubeko okanye yolwimi.
Njengoko sekuchaziwe, iNkonzo kaRhulumente ikhonza bonke abantu noluntu jikelele eMzantsi-Afrika kungajongwanga ukuba ngoobani na. Umntu ngamnye unelungelo ngokomGaqo-siseko lokuba aphathwe ngesidima. Ngoko ke abasebenzi kufuneka bebaphethe bonke abantu ngokulinganayo, ngobubele nangobuchule, babenze bazive befumana uhlobo lwenkonzo olubafaneleyo.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi karhulumente usenokuba nesikrokro sokuba umntu oze kufuna uncedo ngumntu othandana nomntu wesini esinye. Nokuba loo nto ayamkelekanga na ngokubona komsebenzi, ulindeleke ukuba amncede loo mntu njengaye nawuphi na umntu.
Umzekelo 2: Abantu abaninzi balinde etyhwini, kuze kuthi kunjalo kufike umntu owaziwayo ekuhlaleni othi alindele ukuba ancedwe ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba umsebenzi uyamvumela loo mntu ukuba angenelele, loo nto ithetha ukuba uyabacalula aba bantu balinde ukuncedwa besetyhwini bona.
Umsebenzi akufuneki ukuba asisebenzise kakubi isikhundla sakhe kwinkonzo karhulumente ngokwenzelelela okanye ngokudlelelela iqela elithile lezopolitiko okanye iqela labantu.
Njengoko inkonzo karhulumente ikhonza uluntu luphela, olunamaqela amaninzi abantu, opolitiko kwanabantu abaneenkolo ezahlukeneyo njalonjalo, oko kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi karhulumente akufuneki ukuba abandakanyeke kuyo nakuyiphi na into enokuthi ijongeke njengokwenzelelela nokudlelelela amaqela okanye abantu.
Ngokwenkonzo karhulumente, bonke abantu kufuneka besetyenzelwe ngokulinganayo ngokwemigaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente ophetheyo. Umsebenzi karhulumente ke ngoko kufuneka awuqonde kakuhle umahluko phakathi koxanduva lwakhe lokusebenzela uRhulumente ophetheyo nokubandakanyeka kwimiba yamaqela ezopolitiko.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi uphuma kuluntu lwenkcubeko ethile ekufuneka ikhuphisene kwizibonelelo zikaRhulumente qho ngonyaka. Umsebenzi ukwisikhundla esiphezulu kwisebe ekufuneka liqwalasele, lihluze lize lenze iziphakamiso ezixhasiweyo kuMphathiswa ochaphazelekayo. Umsebenzi onjalo akufuneki ukuba asebenzise isikhundla ukwenzelelela isicelo soluntu aphuma kulo nangayiphi na indlela okanye adlelele ezinye izicelo ezisuka kwezinye iindidi zoluntu. Umsebenzi onjalo kufuneka awandlale umdla wakhe kumphathi wakhe ukuthintela ukungqubana kwemidla okunokwenzeka.
Umzekelo 2: Abasebenzi balindeleke ukuba babaxhase abaphathiswa bamasebe abo ekuqulunqweni kweencwadi, njalonjalo eziya kusetyenziswa ngokusemthethweni njengoxwebhu oluqulunqwayo lwengxoxo-mpikiswano yowiso-mthetho. Kodwa ke abasebenzi abanakubandakanyeka ekuqulunqweni koxwebhu oluya kusetyenziswa ngumphathiswa kwiqela lezopolitiko.
Umsebenzi karhulumente kufuneka ahlonele kwaye akhusele isidima saye nawuphi na umntu kwanamalungelo akhe njengoko echaziwe kumGaqo-siseko.
Abasebenzi kufuneka baziphathe ngendlela ehloniphekileyo ngokubhekiselele koogxa babo nakubantu gabalala, kungajongwanga ukuba bangoobani na, bakhangeleka njani, bakwiwonga lini na, njalo njalo. Indlela abaziphatha ngayo abasebenzi ngokubhekiselele kwabanye kufuneka isoloko iyeyobuhlobo, iyenoncedo nenobuchule.
Umzekelo 1: Ukuba abasebenzi abasebenza ngaphaya kwekhawuntala bafikelwa ngumntu ozinike kanobom kumdiliya omfaxangiweyo kwaye esenza ingxolo, kufuneka bamphathe loo mntu ngokufanayo nabanye ngokuthi bazame ukumnceda ngokuthobeka nangokufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba abantu basoloko beyijongile imeko abaphatheke ngayo kwaye ke ngoko nabasebenzi bangasiphucula isidima seNkonzo kaRhulumente ngokusebenza ngendlela enesidima. Ukuba imeko iyabongamela kwaye abasebenzi bafumana ubunzima ekuyilawuleni, akufuneki ukuba babe nomsindo, koko kufuneka bamthathe umntu lowo bamse kumphathi wabo yena uya kuthi abone ukuba makamphathe njani na ecaleni.
Umzekelo 2: Abantu batyhalwa yimeko yokunqongophala kwemali ukuba benze izicelo zezibonelelo zentlalontle. Amagosa ekufuneka bebancedisile ngokubanika iifom zezicelo ezifanelekileyo kufuneka bayilumkele imeko yabo baze babonakalise uvelwano kubo.
Umsebenzi kufuneka aliqonde ilungelo lomntu lokufumana ingcaciso, ngaphandle kwengcaciso ekhuselekileyo ngokwasemthethweni.
UmGaqo-siseko uchaphazela imiba emibini ngokuphathelele ekufunyanweni kwengcaciso. Owokuqala kukuphakamisa ukwenzelwa kwezinto ekuhleni, okuvumela umntu ngamnye ukuba afikelele kuyo yonke ingcaciso efanele kwaziwa ngabantu. Oku kuya kubangela ukuba babe nakho ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokufanelekileyo ekusekweni kweendidi zemigaqo-nkqubo abangathanda ukuyibona iphunyezwa. Okwesibini, le miqathango ijonge ekubeni babe nakho abemi ukukhusela amalungelo abo athile njengoko ekhankanyiwe kuLuhlu lwamaLungelo. Banakho ukucela izizathu ezibhalwe phantsi zaso nasiphi na isenzo solawulo esibachaphazela gwenxa. Ngaphezu koko, basenokucela nayiphi na ingcaciso ngenjongo yokukhusela amalungelo abo.
Njengoko nawuphi na umsebenzi karhulumente esazi, kunzima kona ukwahlula ukuba yiyiphi ingcaciso efanele kwaziwa ngabantu jikelele. Enye ingcaciso ithathwa njengengcaciso ekhuselekileyo efanele kuba phantsi kolawulo lwamasebe ngokwemiqathango yexwebhu elaziwa ngokuba yiGuidelines on Minimum Information Security Standards ekhutshwe liCandelo lezobuNtlola beSizwe. IOpen Democracy Bill nayo ikwajonge ukuseka isicwangciso esifanelekileyo onokulawulelwa phantsi kwaso lo mba ngamasebe. Oku kwenziwa nzima ngakumbi yinto yokuba umThetho wobuDlelwane nabaSebenzi wowe-1995 nawo uneendlela ezithile zokunikezela abasebenzi indlela yokufikelela kwingcaciso ephantsi korhulumente njengomqeshi ngeenjongo zokukhusela amalungelo athile abasebenzi.
Ingqalelo amalungelo abantu okufumana ingcaciso.
Isebe ngalinye kufuneka limisele umgaqo-nkqubo ofanelekileyo hambelana nomthetho kazwelonke ochaphazelekayo ukuze kube nokwenziwa imimiselo ephathelele kulo mbandela.
nkqubo omisela lo mbandela kumasebe abo.
Izizathu nenkqubo elandelweyo ekhokelele kwisenzo solawulo kufuneka sibhalwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuze ingcaciso ibe nokufumaneka xa ifuneka.
Ukuba ingcaciso efunwa ngumntu ayinakho ukufumaneka, kufuneka kunikwe izizathu ezibambekayo ezingunobangela wokunganikezelwa kwengcaciso eceliweyo kuloo mntu.
Umzekelo 1: Ukunikezela ngengcaciso ngokukhawuleza ebantwini kubaluleke kakhulu. Xa umntu ocele ingcaciso ngokufumaneka kweebhasari enikwa loo ngcaciso emva komhla wokuvalwa kobhaliso laloo nyaka, injongo yokucelwa kwaloo ngcaciso iya kuba ayifezekiswanga.
Umzekelo 2: Ukufumaneka kwengcaciso kukwathetha ukuba ingcaciso leyo kufuneka imane ihlaziywa qho. Xa ilungu lepalamente linokucela ingcaciso ethile emayela nengxoxo-mpikiswano engekaqosheliswa epalamente, ukungakwazi kwesebe ukubonelela ngengcaciso ehlaziyiweyo kwangethuba kungabangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yedemokhrasi.
Umzekelo 3: Ukunika abantu ingcaciso engeyiyo kungaba nengxaki enkulu. Mhlawumbi abantu babuza ngokusebenza kwesikim esitsha apho ezinye iinkcukacha zaso zingekagunyaziswa ngabo basemagunyeni. Umntu ke yena akazi ukuba kukho izinto ezingekagunyaziswa, wazi nje ukuba phaya naphaya ngeenkcukacha zaso. Le meko ke ingabangela ukuba abantu basasaze ingcaciso engekho mthethweni. Inkonzo karhulumente ingabekwa ibala elibi xa inokutshintsha oko sele kusaziwa ngabantu ngesikim ize isebenze ngendlela engeyiyo le ithe ndii ebantwini.
Umsebenzi kufuneka asebenzisane ngokupheleleyo nabanye abasebenzi ukuze kuqhutyelwe phambili inkonzo yabantu.
Kubalulekile ukuba bonke abasebenzi bayazi into yokuba xa bebonke basengela thungeni linye - ukukhonza uRhulumente ophetheyo noluntu ngokubanzi, bekwenza oko ngobuchule nangokuthembeka kangangoko banakho. Ngoko ke abasebenzi kufuneka benze imigudu yokuba basebenzisane. Xa bencedisana, bexhasana besabelana ngolwazi, iingcamango nangezixhobo (apho kufanelekileyo), loo nto iya kubenza abasebenzi babe nakho ukusebenza ngokuchubekileyo ngokweemfuno zikaRhulumente nezabantu.
Umzekelo 1: Kubalulekile ukuwazi owona msebenzi ungundoqo okanye eyona njongo yenkonzo karhulumente kwanokwazi ukuba umsetyenzana ngamnye owenziwe ngokufanelekileyo uzisa udumo kwinkonzo karhulumente. Umsebenzi ngamnye ke ngoko kufuneka azamkele izimvo neengcamango zabasebenzi bamanye amacandelo. Makungabikho kumonelana okanye umkhwa othi "phuma endaweni yam" kwinkonzo karhulumente.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba umsebenzi uyabona ukuba ingxaki ethile yomntu inokusonjululwa kuphela ngokusebenzisana kweofisi yakhe nenye iofisi, loo msebenzi ufanele ukuba enze kangangoko anakho azame ukufumana loo ntsebenziswano ifunekayo nokuba amagosa asebenza kwenye iofisi akabonakalisi ntsebenziswano na ekuqaleni.
Umzekelo 3: Igosa lichazelwa lelinye isebe ukuba kufuneka lisebenze kwigqiza lokhetho lwabaceli-msebenzi. Kwimeko enjalo, umsebenzi lowo kufuneka ancede njengoko eceliwe ukuba kunakho ukwenzeka oko. Kodwa ke naxa kunjalo, kufuneka ajonge iimfuno zomsebenzi wesebe lakhe aze afumane imvume kumphathi wakhe.
Umsebenzi kufuneka enze yonke imiyalelo efanelekileyo ayinikwa ngumntu onamagunya ngokusesikweni okunika loo miyalelo, kodwa ke imiyalelo leyo kufuneka ingabikho nxamnye nomGaqo-siseko kunye / okanye nawo nawuphi na umthetho ongomnye.
Kubalulekile ukuba abasebenzi bayifezekise yonke imiyalelo efanelekileyo khona ukuze babe nokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo ziya ebantwini ngendlela ecolekileyo nenocwangco. Iindawo ezinkulu ezifana namasebe karhulumente zinokusebenza kakuhle kuphela xa kukho amanqwanqwa afanelekileyo okugunyazisa nathi athotyelwe ngabo bakumanqwanqwa angezantsi. Ukuba yonke imiyalelo esemthethweni yenziwa ngokukhawuleza nangobuchule, indawo leyo xa iyonke iya kusebenza kakuhle.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi ufumana umyalelo kumphathi wezolawulo okanye wezopolitiko ukuba enze into engekho kwimigaqo yenkonzo karhulumente. Umsebenzi lowo kufuneka ayazi ukuba ithina na imigaqo ukuze kwimeko enjalo abonise umphathi wakhe ukungabikho mgaqweni komyalelo lowo awunikwayo. Ukuba umphathi lowo uyanyanzelisa, kufuneka umsebenzi acele ukuba awubhale phantsi umyalelo lowo, abonise ukungawamkeli kwakhe ukuze emva koko enze ingxelo kofanelekileyo osemagunyeni.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba umsebenzi uyalelwa ngumphathi ukuba enze iodolo yokuthengwa kwezinto apho kungalandelwanga khona imigaqo yoniko-maxabiso, umsebenzi ufanele ukuba acele ukuba loo mba ugqithiselwe kwigosa elilawulayo ukuba linike isigqibo.
Umsebenzi kufuneka angenzeleleli izihlobo nabahlobo emsebenzini kwaye angakhe asebenzise ngokungatshongo khona igunya lakhe okanye aphembelele omnye umsebenzi okanye aphenjelelwe yena ukuba asebenzise ngendlela engatshongo khona igunya lakhe.
Inkonzo kaRhulumente kufuneka iqeshe, iphakamise, ibuye, iwonge abasebenzi abanakho ukusebenzela urhulumente nabantu bengajonganga izimvo zabo zopolitiko okanye amaqela abo opolitiko, izihlobo zabo okanye amawonga abo ekuhlaleni.
a Ukwenzelelela - oku kuthetha ukuba abasebenzi abathile abakhethiweyo bayaqeshwa, banyuselwe, batshintshelwe kwezinye iindawo okanye baphathwe ngemfobe esekelwe kubuhlobo, kwimbuyekezo yesenzo esithile, njl.
b Ukuqeshwa kwezihlobo - oku kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi uqeshwa, anyuselwe, atshintshelwe kwenye indawo okanye enzelwe into ethile eyinzuzo kuye ngenxa yokuba esisihlobo nomsebenzi lowo ukwisikhundla sokugunyazisa isenzo esinjalo okanye sokutshintsha / sokuphembelela inkqubo.
Umzekelo 1: Abasebenzi ababini (u-A no-B) bayafika kwinkonzo karhulumente. Banikwa izikhundla ezifanayo, bangabahlobo kwaye basebenza kwiofisi enye. Umsebenzi ongu-B uyanyuselwa abe ngumphathi ka-A. Loo nto ithetha ukuba kufuneka enike u-A umsebenzi omawenziwe ukuze azibonakalise ukufaneleka kwakhe kwisikhundla sokongamela iqabane lakhe. Kuthi kusakufika ithuba lokuhlolwa kokufaneleka kuka-A, okwenziwa ngu-B ngomdla nangokumenzelelela, afumane ibhaso lokufaneleka nangona engalifanelanga.
Umzekelo 2: Umsebenzi uthatha inxaxheba ekukhethweni komntu oya kuqeshelwa kwisikhundla eskwinkonzo karhulumente. Umsebenzi uthi akhethe umntu othile kuba engumhlobo wakhe, elilungu leqela lakhe lezopolitiko okanye kuba elilungu lohlanga oluthile. Oku kukuqesha ngokuzalana kwaye kunxamnye neenjongo zomGaqo-siseko kwanomnqweno karhulumente.
Umzekelo 3: Zininzi iindlela anokuthi ngazo umsebenzi okwisikhundla esiphezulu asebenzise ngazo kakubi isikhundla akuso. Umzekelo, abasebenzi abalawula ukungena kweemoto kwibala lokupaka banikwe imiyalelo ecacileyo yokuba iindawo zokupaka zezabasebenzi abaphezulu namandwendwe asemthethweni. Kuthi kunjalo, intloko yeofisi iyityeshele loo miyalelo ngokuthi ivumele inkosikazi yayo ukuba isebenzise loo mabala okupaka amaxesha ngamaxesha. Isenzo esinjalo sibangela ukuba abasebenzi bangayihloniphi imigaqo ebekiweyo, bangahloniphi namagosa aphezulu kwaye oko kuthi kube neziqhamo ezingezihle kwindlela yokusebenza kwelo candelo.
Umsebenzi kufuneka alandele imigaqo efanelekileyo yokuvakalisa izikhalazo okanye yokuthunyelwa kwenkcazo ebhaliweyo.
Nangona kwamkelekile ukuba izikhalazo neembambano zizinto ezinokubakho ngamaxesha ngamaxesha kwinkonzo karhulumente, yinto entle nelungileyo kumacala omabini, umoniwa nomqeshi (kwanoluntu) ukuba izikhalazo neembambano phakathi kwala maqela zibe nokusonjululwa ngokukhawuleza. Kungesi sizathu ukuba kubekho imigaqo yokusonjululwa kwezikhalazo neembambano emayisetyenziswe ngabo bonke abasebenzi.
a Isikhalazo okanye imbambano ingasonjululwa ngokufanelekileyo kuphela ukuba amaqela abandakanyekayo kwisikhalazo / kwimbambano ayazinikela ekuxoxeni / ekulamleni.
i Imigaqo yezikhalazo jonga phantsi kwecandelo lama-35 lomThetho weNkonzo kaRhulumente, wowe-1994 ofundwa nemiGaqo yokuxoxwa kwezikhalazo zamagosa kwiiNkonzo zikaRhulumente, umMiselo ongunombolo 6575 womhla woku-1 kweyeKhala Julayi 1999, ichaza ukuba nawuphi na umsebenzi angasibhekisa isikhalazo / imbambano anayo kumphathi wakhe oya kuthi yena asidlulisele kongentla kunaye ukuba yena akanakho ukuza nesisombululo esanelisayo.
Umzekelo 1: Umphathi unikezela ngengxelo engentle ngomgangatho womsebenzi ngethuba lokuhlolwa kwemigangatho yokusebenza, ekwenza oko engakhange amnike ithuba lokuzithethelela umsebenzi lowo. Oku akuhambisani nemigaqo ekhoyo yobudlelwane nabasebenzi. Umphathi okwinkonzo karhulumente kufuneka ayiqonde into yokuba inkonzo karhulumente yiyo ekufuneka ibe ngumzekelo ekuthobeleni imigaqo ekhoyo nemithetho yelizwe kwaye kufuneka esoloko eqinisekisa ukuba konke akwenzayo ukwenza ngendlela efanelekileyo nangobulungisa.
Imigaqo yebhodi yolamlo ngokuphathelele kumGaqo 15l weShedyuli yesi-7 yomThetho wobuDlelwane nabaSebenzi, wowe-1995 apho kuchazwa ukuba umsebenzi angayisa imbambano yakhe ukungaphatheki ngobulungisa emsebenzini kwintloko yesebe eya kuthi ikhangele ibhodi yolamlo, ize iyise imbambano leyo kuloo bhodi ukuba intloko leyo yesebe ayiphumeleli kwimigudu yayo esa kwisisombululo sembambano.
Umzekelo 2: Umthunywa onganelisekanga yindlela aphatheke ngayo angakubhekisa ukunganeliseki kwakhe kwintloko yesebe emele ukuba iwuqwalasele loo mba ize iqinisekise ukuba imbambano leyo iyasonjululwa. Ukuba intloko leyo yesebe ayiphumeleli ekusombululeni imbambano leyo kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-20, umthunywa lowo angafaka isicelo sokuba intloko yesebe ikhangele ibhodi yolamlo, kwisithuba seentsuku ezili-10, eya kuthi yenze imigudu yokusombulula imbambano. Ukuba ibhodi yolamlo ayiphumeleli ukusombulula imbambano, umthunywa unokubhenela kwiNkundla yabaSebenzi apho unokuviwa khona umcimbi wakhe.
Ukuba isikhalazo / imbambano iphathelele kulawulo olutenxileyo nakwizenzo zodlelelelo ezenziwa ngurhulumente njengomqeshi, isikhalazo / imbambano leyo isenokudluliselwa nakuMkhuseli woLuntu.
Umzekelo 3: Umthunywa othi aqaphele izinto ezitenxileyo ezenzeka emsebenzini wakhe, angazichaza ezo zinto kumphathi wakhe okanye kwintloko yesebe. Ukuba akaneliseki yimpendulo yomphathi wakhe okanye yentloko yesebe, umthunywa owoniweyo angawudlulisela loo mba kuMkhuseli woLuntu. Kwezinye iimeko, umthunywa usengakhetha ukuwusa ngqo umbandela wakhe kuMkhuseli woLuntu.
Umsebenzi kufuneka azinikezele kuphuhliso oluphakamileyo, kwinkuthazo nasekusetyenzisweni kwabasebenzi abaphantsi kwakhe kwanokuphakanyiswa kobudlelwane obusulungekileyo babasebenzi.
Khona ukuze kube nokufunyanwa eyona njongo igqibeleleyo yenkonzo karhulumente, ekukusetyenzelwa kwabantu ngokugqwesileyo, bonke abaphathi kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente bamele ukuba baqinisekise ukuba bonke abasebenzi abaphantsi kolawulo lwabo banolwazi nezakhono ezifanelekileyo zokukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ababelwe wona kumgangatho olindelekileyo, bayakhuthazwa ukuba basebenze ngokuzinikela kwaye banawo umdla kwaye benakho ukuphakamisa ubudlelwane obuchubekileyo.
aqinisekise ukuba isicwangciso siyalandelwa aze v athi gqolo ukuhlola inkqubela yeso sicwangciso.
Umzekelo 1: Umphathi kufuneka, emva kokudlana iindlebe nomsebenzi osandula ukuqeshwa, achonge iinkalo anokuqeqeshwa kuzo. Iinkalo zoqeqesho ezichongiweyo kufuneka zifakwe kwinkqubo yoqeqesho ephathelele kwicwecwe lomsebenzi wakhe nakwiincwadana zemigaqo. Kufuneka kwakhona kuqulunqwe ishedyuli yoqeqesho ukuze kube nokuboniswa inkqubela yophuhliso lwabasebenzi abatsha.
azise imigaqo yokuphakamisa umgangatho wenkuthazo yabasebenzi xa kuyimfuneko oko aze iv asoloko ehlola ehlola umgangatho wenkuthazo yabasebenzi.
ahlole ukuba basetyenziswa kangakanani na abasebenzi iii azise imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwabasebenzi aze iv asoloko ehlola qho ukusetyenziswa kwabasebenzi.
Umzekelo 2: Abaphathi kufuneka besoloko bebuhlola ubungakanani bomsebenzi nomgangatho wokusebenza kwabasebenzi khona ukuze babe nokuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abasebenzi basetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuya kunciphisa amathuba okuba kubekho abasebenzi abanomsebenzi omkhulu ngeli xa kukho abanye abasebenzi abanomsebenzi omncinci. Kwakhona, abasebenzi kufuneka ukuba bakhuthazwe ukuba baziqhelanise nemisebenzi engeyoyabo kwanemisebenzi ekumgangatho ongentla kakhulu kunabo, khona ukuze babe ngabasebenzi abanokukulungela ukusetyenziswa kwimigangatho engentla xa ixesha loko lifika.
azise imigaqo, ukuba kukho imfuneko, yokuphuculwa kobudlelwane nabasebenzi aze iv ahlole gqolo ukuchubeka kobudlelwane phakathi kwabasebenzi.
Umzekelo 3: Abaphathi bafanele ukuba bawuhlole umoya wentsebenziswano kumacandelo abo baze bangenelele ngoko nangoko xa beqaphela ukungabambisani okanye ukuxoxisana kwabasebenzi okungathothiyo.
Umsebenzi kufuneka asebenzisane ngobulungisa, ngesidima nangokufanelekileyo nabanye abasebenzi kungajongwanga buhlanga, sini, buzwe okanye mvelaphi, bala senzo sityekele kwicala elithile lesini, budala, kukhubazeka, nkolo, mba wezopolitiko, sazela, nkolelo, nkcubeko okanye lwimi.
UmGaqo-siseko, umThetho weNgqesho nowobuDlelwane nabaSebenzi kwanomThetho ongaBhalwanga, zonke ezi zinto zibonelela abasebenzi ngelungelo lokuphathwa ngobulungisa nangokufanayo. Ukuba elo lungelo linyhashelwa phantsi nangayiphi na indlela, abasebenzi basenokubhenela kwiindlela zokusonjululwa kwembambano echatshazelwe kumThetho weNkonzo kaRhulumente wowe-1994, kwimimiselo yeNkonzo kaRhulumente nomThetho wobudlelwane nabaSebenzi wowe-1995 okanye basenokubhenela kwiNkundla yomGaqo-siseko, kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo okanye kuMkhuseli woLuntu, kuxhomekeke kubunjani belungelo elo linyhashelwa phantsi. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba abaphathi abakwiinkonzo zikarhulumente bayazi intsingiselo yokuphatha ngobulungisa nangokufanayo.
asoloko ebanika abanye abasebenzi ithuba lokunika eyabo ingxelo xa becele oko iv nokusoloko ekulungele ukuxoxa / ukudlana iindlebe / ukuthethathethana ekuhleni.
Umzekelo 1: Xa umsebenzi, umzekelo, ethe wabekwa isityholo sokungaziphathi kakuhle, kufuneka aphathwe ngokwemigaqo nangobulungisa obugqibeleleyo.
enelungelo lokubuza imibuzo kumangqina nokuba nelungelo lokubhena.
Ubulungisa obugqibeleleyo buthetha ukuba bonke ubungqina obuthiwe thaca etafileni kufuneka buqwalaselwe ngokungenacala kangangoko phambi kokuba kuthathwe isigqibo.
v ahloniphe isidima sabanye abasebenzi aze vi athathele ingqalelo umdla wabanye abachaphazelekayo.
aphathe abanye abasebenzi njengeentanga zakhe ngawo onke amaxesha aze iii angabi nacala, asebenzise imilinganiselo efanayo ekuthatheni izigqibo ezichaphazela abanye.
Umzekelo 2: Umphathi emsebenzini unika ikhefu abasebenzi abangamalungu enkonzo yakhe aze ale ukunika ikhefu amalungu ezinye iinkonzo. Lucalulo ke olu. Onke amaqela eenkonzo amele ukuba aphathwe ngokufanayo.
Umsebenzi kufanele ukuba abuye umva kwizinto zeqela lakhe lezopolitiko xa esemsebenzini.
NgokomGaqo-siseko, iinkonzo zikarhulumente kufuneka ukuba zingahambi ngokwezimvo zeqela lopolitiko xa zisisa iinkonzo ebantwini. Oku kuthetha ukuba abasebenzi bakarhulumente kufuneka bese iinkonzo kubo bonke abemi boMzantsi-Afrika bangakhethi phela emasini. Iinkonzo zikarhulumente nabasebenzi bakarhulumente bamele iinkonzo zelizwe liphela, ngoko ke akufuneki ukuba xa besebenza bakhokelise izimvo okanye iminqweno yeqela elithile lezopolitiko.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi onxibe isikipa esinemibhalo yeqela elithile lezopolitiko ngethuba esemsebenzini, ekhupha iincwadi zezazisi usenokutyholwa njengomntu okhokelisa iingcinga zeqela lakhe lezopolitiko ezicalulayo ukuba uyalibazisa ukukhupha iincwadi zezazisi ngexesha elithile, nokuba isizathu sokulibazisa kwakhe singaphaya kwamandla akhe. Ngaphezu koko, omnye umntu usenokungayithandi into yokuba asetyenzwe ngumntu ophakamisa izimvo zeqela elithile lezopolitiko kwindawo ehanjwa ngumntu wonke.
Umzekelo 2: Umsebenzi othi avumele amalungu eqela elithile lezopolitiko ukuba afumane ingcaciso abanelungelo lokuyifumana bonke abantu, kodwa awalele amalungu elinye iqela lezopolitiko ukuba afikelele kuloo ngcaciso, uya kuba usilele ekunikezeleni iinkonzo kubo bonke abantu boMzantsi-Afrika ngaphandle kokukhetha iqela lezopolitiko.
Umsebenzi uzama ngako konke anakho ukufezekisa iinjongo zesebe lakhe ngendlela engenazindleko nangokomnqweno woluntu jikelele.
Ekusebenzeni kwabo umhla nezolo, abasebenzi bamele ukuba bazibuze ukuba ingaba oko bakwenzayo kunegalelo ngenene na ekusetyenzelweni kwabantu okanye ingaba kuneziqhamo eziluxanduva lwesebe labo kusini na. Kodwa ke konke oku kufuna ukuba bonke abasebenzi babe nolwazi oluphangaleleyo lweenjongo zecandelo nesebe, ndawonye nemisebenzi yabo kumacandelo abakuwo.
Abaphathi kuwo onke amanqanaba kufuneka besoloko bezibuza ukuba ingaba umsebenzi owenziwa ngamacandelo abo usenegalelo elililo kusini na ekunikezelweni kweenkonzo, nto leyo iluxanduva lwesebe labo.
Abasebenzi nabaphathi kufuneka basoloko beyilumkele into yokwenza umsebenzi omele kwenziwa lelinye isebe.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi udlala imidlalo yekhompyutha kwikhompyutha yaseofisini ngexesha lomsebenzi. Oku kujongela phantsi umoya wokuzinikezela kwabasebenzi kwaye kubiwa ixesha lomsebenzi (imali, ukutsho oko). Xa umsebenzi engenamsebenzi waneleyo anokuwenza kufuneka achazele umphathi wakhe khona ukuze abe nokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo ekufezekisweni kweenjongo zesebe elo.
Umzekelo 2: Umphathi wenkqubo yesabelo-mali okanye umphathi ojongene nolwabiwo-mali kufuneka akulumkele ukusetyenziswa kwemali karhulumente eselugcinweni lwakhe nejongene nenkqubo ethile. Oku kufuna isicwangciso esifanelekileyo, kungenziwa izigqibo kungacwangciswanga.
Umsebenzi kufuneka abe nobuchule bokucingisisa nobokwenza umsebenzi wakhe, kufuneka afune iindlela ezichubekileyo zokusombulula iingxaki, aphakamise ukulunga nobuchule ngokusemthethweni.
Abasebenzi kufuneka babandakanyeke ngokupheleleyo ekwenzeni umsebenzi wabo. Kufuneka besoloko bewufake engqondweni umsebenzi wabo ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye basebenze ngokukhawuleza nangendlela engcono khona ukuze bafumane ezihle iziqhamo zomsebenzi okanye zeenkonzo. Ngethuba lokusebenza, zibakho iingxaki ezininzi eziye zenzeke emsebenzini. Abasebenzi kufuneka besoloko bezama ukuzeyisa ezo ngxaki ngokukhawuleza nangokungcono kwaye kufuneka bezame kangangoko ukuba zingabuye zibekho ezo ngxaki.
Umzekelo 1: Ukuba umsebenzi osebenza kwicandelo elikhupha izatifikethi unolwazi lokuba abantu abanelisekanga yimigaqo elandelwayo nalixesha elithathwayo ukukhupha izatifikethi , kufuneka ecinge ngendlela ekhawulezileyo nechubekileyo ezinokukhutshwa ngayo izatifikethi. Aze acebise umphathi wakhe ngoko.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba umsebenzi osebenza eofisini esebenza ngabantu uqaphela ukuba abantu bayasokola ekufumaneni indawo yokumisa iimoto okanye kufuneka befole ixesha elide, kufuneka ecinge ngendlela enokusonjululwa ngayo loo ngxaki. Indawo leyo kusetyenzelwa kuyo abantu, mhlawumbi isenokususwa iye kubekwa kwindawo ephangaleleyo efikeleleka lula ebantwini okanye kusenokuvulwa ezinye iindawo zokunceda abantu.
Umsebenzi kufuneka awugqibe ngexesha elifanelekileyo umsebenzi wakhe.
Abasebenzi kufuneka baqonde ukuba umsebenzi wabo ubaluleke kakhulu kwaye umsebenzi wabo kufuneka wenziwe ungaphazanyiswa nanto ngokwengqwalaselo, ngokwexesha nangokwamandla. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba abasebenzi kufuneka bazame kangangoko ukuba umsebenzi wabo ugqitywe ngexesha elibekiweyo.
Abasebenzi kufuneka bazame ukubonisa ukuwukhuthalela umsebenzi wabo, ukuwazi, ukusebenza ngokuthembeka ngokwemigaqo ebekiweyo ngaphandle kokuxelelwa ukuba mabenze ntoni na.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi ufika emsebenzini emva kwexesha, ediniwe kuba ebehleli epatini kwade kwasemva kwexesha ngephezolo kwaye akanakho ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe ngokufanelekileyo. Umsebenzi onjalo uya kuba netyala lokungakhathali nelokudlalisa ngemali yabarhafi.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba umsebenzi kufuneka egqibezele umsebenzi ongxamisekileyo ngomhla obekiweyo, kufuneka asebenze ngohlobo lokuba angawuphosi umhla obekiweyo. Oku kusenokufuna ukuba asebenze ngexesha lempungo, lesidlo sasemini nasemva komsebenzi okanye acele ukuncediswa ngoogxa bakhe ukuba umsebenzi mkhulu kakhulu ukuba ungagqitywa ngumntu omnye ngelo xesha ufuneka ngalo.
Umsebenzi kufuneka awenze umsebenzi wakhe ngobuchule nangobugcisa.
Abasebenzi kufuneka besoloko bezibuza ukuba ingaba bayaneliseka kusini na ngumsebenzi wabo nokuba ingaba bebeya kwaneliseka kusini na ukuba ubusenzelwa bona loo msebenzi. Kwakhona, abasebenzi kufuneka basoloko bezibuza ukuba ingaba babaphatha abanye (oogxa babo, abaphathi noluntu jikelele) ngendlela ehlonipha isidima sabo namalungelo abo na, nokuba ingaba babonisa ulwazi oluphangaleleyo, ububele, ukulungela ukunceda nesimo esichubekileyo kusini na. Isakhono sabo sokusebenza ngobuchule nangobugcisa siya kuxhomekeka kulwazi abanalo lomsebenzi wabo, nto leyo ingqina imfuneko yokusetyenziswa koqeqesho ngumqeshi nomsebenzi.
Umzekelo 1: Ngamanye amaxesha, umsebenzi osebenza ngaphaya kwekhawuntala uye adibane nomntu ongayiqondiyo into yokuba ezinye izinto zenziwe ngendlela ethile. Kwimeko enjalo umsebenzi akufuneki abe nomsindo, koko kufuneka achaze izizathu ngokupholileyo. Ukuba umntu lowo akakoneli, kufuneka umsebenzi amcebise ukuba makasibhale phantsi isikhalazo sakhe aze amnike idilesi esiya kuthunyelwa kuyo.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba umsebenzi nguye ekufuneka ephendule imibuzo ebhaliweyo esuka ebantwini, kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba yonke imibuzo yabantu iphendulwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye iimpendulo zichanekile, zicwangciswe ngesidima nangokufanelekileyo. Apho kungakwazekiyo ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza, umsebenzi kufuneka achaze ukuba uyifumene imbalelwano ngokukhawuleza.
Umzekelo 3: Umsebenzi osandula ukuqeshwa unikwa umsebenzi wekhawuntala engenamntu uza kumbonisa kwaye phambi kokuba afumane uqeqesho kuwo. Nangani kunokuthiwa umsebenzi lowo uchaphazelekayo uya kufunda "esemsebenzini", ayinakukhanyelwa into yokuba umonakalo onokwenzeka ngokubekwa komntu endaweni angayiqeqeshelwanga ingabeka ibala elibi kumqeshi xa loo msebenzi anokuthi agqwidize kungenjalo kufumaniseke ukuba abantu bayalibaziseka.
Umsebenzi akufuneki ukuba angenelele kwizenzo ezingahambisaniyo okanye ezinxamnye nokwenziwa komsebenzi wakhe.
Khona ukuze kube nokufunyanwa intembeko nokugcinwa kwayo kwinkonzo karhulumente, bonke abasebenzi balindeleke ukuba basebenze ngokuthembakala nangokuzinikela.
e ezinokubangela iintloni kuRhulumente njengomqeshi okanye f ezinokujongwa njengezidlelelela okanye ezenzelelela amanye amaqela.
Indlela abaziphatha ngayo abasebenzi emsebenzini nangaphandle komsebenzi kufuneka ibe yindlela abanokuthenjwa ngayo ngurhulumente nangabantu jikelele ukuba baya kuwenza ngentembeko umsebenzi wabo, bebeke phambili kuphela injongo yokukhonza uluntu ngokuchubekileyo.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi osebenza ngokuhlolwa kwerhafu akufuneki ukuba athi ngexesha lomsebenzi okanye ngaphandle komsebenzi okanye njengendlela yokuzenzela umvuzo osecaleni, okanye njengesipho, ancedise abantu ukuba babe nokuphepha irhafu.
Umzekelo 2: Umsebenzi kufuneka angasebenzi kwibhodi yombutho / yeshishini esebenzisana nesebe lakhe.
Umsebenzi kufuneka azikhwebule kwisenzo, kwinkqubo yothatho-zigqibo enokukhokelela ekubeni afumane inzuzo ngendlela engafanelekanga kwaye oku kufuneka kuchaziwe ngumsebenzi.
Nanini na xa abasebenzi bebona ukuba abanakho ukungathathi cala emsebenzini wabo okanye ekwenzeni isigqibo okanye xa abanye abantu benenkolo yokuba abanakho ukungathathi icala ngenxa yokubandakanyeka okuthile kwenye into, kufuneka barhoxe ngoko nangoko kuloo mba uphethweyo ngenjongo yokukhusela urhulumente angabekwa ibala, koko asoloko ebonakala ekhathalele ubulungisa, intembeko nokuthembakala kweenkonzo zikarhulumente.
Umzekelo 1: Ukuba umsebenzi usebenza kwigqiza elichophele izicelo zomsebenzi aze afumanise ukuba kukho umntu osisihlobo sakhe ofake isicelo naye kwaye ukhethelwe udliwano-ndlebe, loo msebenzi kufuneka azikhwebule, angabikho kuloo nkqubo njengoko engayi kukwazi ukungathathi cala. Umsebenzi lowo kufuneka akuchaze oku ngokubhala phantsi.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba umsebenzi ubandakanyeka ekuthengweni komhlaba kulungiselelwa iphulo likarhulumente kwaye omnye wemihlaba yeyesihlobo sakhe, umsebenzi kufuneka akuchaze oku kwabangentla kuye aze azikhwebule angabikho kuloo nkqubo yothengo-mhlaba.
Umsebenzi uyalwamkela uxanduva lokufumaneka kwiinkqubo zoqeqesho eziqhutywayo nokuziphuhlisa ngokwakhe ngalo lonke ithuba lokusebenza kwakhe.
Luxanduva lwabaphathi ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi abaphantsi kwabo bafumana uqeqesho oluqhubayo khona ukuze babe nokusebenza bengaxhomekekanga mntwini kwanokubaxhobisela ithuba elizayo.
b unolwazi oluphangaleleyo kwaye eyiqonda indlela ekufuneka ewenze ngayo umsebenzi wakhe kwaye c ezixhobisa ngolwazi nangezakhono ngenjongo yokuba abe nokusetyenziswa kwizikhundla eziphezulu kwixesha elizayo.
Umzekelo 1: Ukuba umsebenzi omtsha akaqinisekanga ngendlela yokwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi wakhe, kufuneka ajonge kumacandelo amisela imisebenzi echaphazelekayo kwaye kufuneka afune uncedo koogxa bakhe nakumphathi wakhe.
Umsebenzi 2: Abasebenzi esele kukudala besebenzela urhulumente basenokubonakalisa ulwazi oluhexayo kwezinye iinkalo zemisebenzi yabo. Bangancedakala xa benokusebenzisa naliphi na ithuba abalifumanayo loqeqesho, umzekelo njengokwenza iikhosi eziphathelele kwimisebenzi yabo okanye ukuqhubela phambili nokufunda.
Umsebenzi uya kuthembeka, abe noxanduva lokuphendula xa esebenza ngemali karhulumente kwaye kufuneka asebenzise impahla karhulumente nezinye izixhobo ngokufanelekileyo, ngobuchule kwaye azisebenzisele iinjongo ezenzelwe zona.
Abantu babeka amathemba abo kubasebenzi bakarhulumente ngokuphathelele kwizinto zikarhulumente, impahla nemali karhulumente, kwaye balindele ukuba abasebenzi bakarhulumente baya kuziphatha kakuhle nangokuthembeka.
Abasebenzi bakwalindeleke ukuba balondoloze ngendlela abasebenzisa ngayo impahla nemali karhulumente. Kubalulekile ukuba abasebenzi bazi ukuba okona iindleko zikarhulumente zigcinwa ziphantsi, kokukhona kunokunikezelwa ngeenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu elizweni kusetyenziswa ezo zinto zikhoyo.
Umzekelo 1: Ukuba umsebenzi unomatshini wokuthumela imiyalezo ebhaliweyo, akufuneki ukuba asebenzise loo matshini ukufumana nokuthumela imiyalezo yakhe yabucala, esenza ngathi yimiyalezo yomsebenzi. Xa umsebenzi efuna ukuthumela umyalezo wakhe osecaleni, makafumane imvume yokwenza njalo, aze kwakhona akuhlawulele oko.
Umzekelo 2: Umsebenzi usebenzisa izinto zikarhulumente (iimoto, oomatshini, ifenishala, njl.) ngokungakhathali aze abangele umonakalo. Oku kuthetha inkcitho yemali karhulumente nomgangatho ophantsi womsebenzi, nto leyo ingafanelekanga.
Umzekelo 3: Umsebenzi usebenzisa impahla karhulumente (nayiphi na into ukususela kwiphepha, iipenisile ukuya ezimotweni) kwizinto zakhe ezisecaleni. Oku akufanelekanga kuba umsebenzi lowo akabeli kuphela urhulumente nabarhafi, koko wenza nokuba abantu bangayihloniphi inkonzo karhulumente.
Umsebenzi kufuneka aphakamise ulawulo olusulungekileyo, oluchubekileyo, olufanelekileyo, olusekuhleni nolunoxanduva lokuphendula.
Ukuphakanyiswa kolawulo olusulungekileyo, oluchubekileyo, olufanelekileyo, olusekuhleni nolunoxanduva lokuphendula kuthetha ukuba wonke ummi welizwe kufuneka efumene inkonzo echubekileyo, enoncedo nenobubele kungajongwanga iwonga lakhe, isini, ubuhlanga, njl.
Ekunikezelweni kolawulo olusulungekileyo, oluchubekileyo nolunoxanduva lokuphendula, izithethe nemigaqo ephambili yomGaqo-siseko kufuneka isoloko ikhunjulwa. Abasebenzi kufuneka ngawo onke amaxesha bazame ukuwugqiba umsebenzi wabo ngaphandle kokulibazisa, kwaye kufuneka besoloko besenza imigudu yokuvelisa umsebenzi osemgangathweni, akukhathalisekanga nokuba umsebenzi lowo ukhangeleka ungabalulekanga kuyaphi.
Umzekelo 1: Ukuba umsebenzi uyalelwa ukuba enze iikopi zamaxwebhu kumatshini wokufota, kopi ezo ziza kuthunyelwa neeleta kwiindawo ezininzi, ezo kopi kufuneka zicoceke kuba oko kuya kubeka ibala elihle kwisebe elo lithumela ezo kopi.
Umzekelo 2: Umsebenzi onoxanduva lokulawula izithuthi zikarhulumente kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba iincwadi zazo zonke iimoto ezabelwe icandelo lakhe, zifakwe ngethuba kwaye yonke imigama ehanjiweyo ibhalwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Umzekelo 3: Yonke into yomsebenzi eyenziweyo kufuneka ibhalwe ngokucacileyo khona ukuze yonke imigaqo elandelweyo nezinto eziye zaqwalaselwa zibe nokucaca xa kunokubakho into ephendulisayo kamva. Oku kuya kuphakamisa ukwenzelwa kwezinto ekuhleni.
Xa umsebenzi esemsebenzini wakhe kufuneka enike ingxelo kumagosa afanelekileyo ngobuqhetseba, urhwaphilizo, ukuqeshwa kwezihlobo, ulawulo olutenxileyo nangaso nasiphi na isenzo esijongwa njengolwaphulo-mthetho okanye esidlelelela abanye abantu.
Urhwaphilizo kukuphelelwa zizazela okugqibe yonke indawo kwaye kubhekiselele ikakhulu ekunyobeni nakubuqhetseba. Ludla ngokuhamba nezinye iindidi zolwaphulo-mthetho njengokuthengisa impahla, uthutho lweziyobisi, ukufakwa kwabasebenzi abangekhoyo kumqulu wabasebenzi, ubuqhetseba nolwaphulo-mthetho olucetyiweyo olunokudodobalisa uqoqosho lwelizwe. Okokuqala, luyimeko yokuphela kobuntu ebantwini kwaye luyingozi enkulu kulo nakuluphi na uluntu. Ludla ngokukhuthazwa ngumkhwa othi "tyeba ngokukhawuleza". Okwesibini, lujongela phantsi inkqubo yopolitiko efanelekileyo ngokuthi lutshabalalise intembeko nokuzithemba ngoba xa ulawulo lukarhulumente lungathenjwa, loo nto idala umoya wokungabikho kozinzo nemeko yokungathotyelwa komthetho. Okwesithathu, ludodobalisa uqoqosho. Lukwenza oku ngokuthi luphelise umdla wotyalo-mali ngoosomashishini bangaphandle nabangaphakathi. Urhwaphilizo lutshabalalisa ubuntu ebantwini kuze kuphele intembeko nokuzithemba kwilizwe lethu ledemokhrasi. Kufanele ukuba silulwe luphele nya urhwaphilizo.
Ngumsebenzi wabo bonke abasebenzi ukunika ingxelo kubaphathi babo okanye kwabasemagunyeni, ngaso nasiphi na isenzo esingekho mthethweni, isenzo sokungathembakali okanye isenzo sorhwaphilizo, bakwenze oko kwangoko nje emva kokubhaqa urhwaphilizo. Urhwaphilizo ludla ngokubangelwa kukungabikho kweendlela zokuziphatha emsebenzini, ukungabikho koxanduva lokuphendula nakukuqeshwa kwezihlobo emisebenzini.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi othutha abasebenzi qho ngesithuthi sikarhulumente uyavunyelwa ukuba asigcine isithuthi eso endlwini yakhe. Oogxa bakhe baqaphela ukuba lo msebenzi usebenzisa esi sithuthi njengeteksi ukuzenzela imalana esecaleni. Kufuneka baxelele umphathi wakhe ngoko. Ukuba akukho manyathelo athatyathwayo, loo mba usenokuchazwa kuMkhuseli woLuntu.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba umsebenzi kwiSebe lezoThutho ukhupha amatikiti kubaqhubi abangawuthobeliyo umthetho unikwa imali ngumqhubi emnyoba, kufuneka amxele loo mqhubi unyobayo khona ukuze abe nokutshutshiswa. Ukuba umsebenzi wamkela ukunyotywa unetyala lorhwaphilizo.
Umzekelo 3: Umsebenzi akabandakanyeki kwizenzo zorhwaphilizo kodwa unoogxa bakhe abaziyo ukuba bayabandakanyeka. Ukuba lo msebenzi ukhetha ukuthula, angazichazi ezi zenzo zigwenxa, uya kuba akawenzi umsebenzi wakhe woxanduva lokulwa intembeko kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente. Ngolo hlobo uba ngumncedisi kulwaphulo-mthetho lorhwaphilizo.
Umsebenzi uya kunika icebiso elithembekileyo nelingathathi cala elisekelwe kwingcaciso echanekileyo ekhoyo, kwabasemagunyeni abangentla kunaye xa ethe wacelwa ukuba enze oko.
Nanini na xa abasebenzi bathe bacelwa ukuba bacebise nawuphi na umsebenzi osemagunyeni ngomba othile, kufuneka bemcebise ngobuchule nangentembeko ngokwemiqathango yendlela yokuziphatha emsebenzini. Icebiso elo akufuneki ukuba liphenjelelwe zizinto ezithandwayo nazezingathandwayo ngumsebenzi lowo uceliweyo.
Umzekelo: Umsebenzi ophethe umba wesikhalazo sogxa wakhe anovelwano ngaye, akufuneki ukuba abe nenkcazelo ayifihlayo kubaphathi ngenjongo yokwenza isikhalazo eso ukuba sivakale. Ukufihlwa kwenkcazelo kule meko kungabangela ukuba isebe okanye ulawulo lungasebenzi kakuhle.
Umsebenzi uya kuthobela ubumfihlelo bemibandela, bamaxwebhu neengxoxo ezithathwa njengeziyimfihlelo okanye ezilihlebo.
Ukwenzelwa kwezinto ekuhleni okanye ukungafihli nto kuthetha ukuba, phakathi kwezinye izinto, wonke umntu unelungelo lokufumana ingcaciso eselugcinweni lukarhulumente ukuba loo ngcaciso ifunelwa ukukhusela amalungelo athile omntu. Kodwa ke naxa kunjalo, ikho ingcaciso enokuthathwa njengeyimfihlelo. Kwimeko enjalo, luxanduva lomsebenzi ukuthobela ubumfihlelo njengoko ukuthiwa pahaha kwaloo ngcaciso kusenokumbeka kwimeko embi urhulumente.
Umzekelo 1: Iya kuba sisenzo esingalunganga ukuba umsebenzi anikezele ngengxelo eyimfihlelo kumaphepha-ndaba njengengcaciso ebhalelwa abaphathiswa okanye njengomgaqo-nkqubo oqulunqwayo worhulumente ophetheyo.
Umzekelo 2: Ingcaciso egcinwe kwiifayile zabasebenzi ithathwa njengengcaciso eyimfihlelo kwaye kufuneka ithathwe ngolo hlobo ngalo lonke ixesha. Le ngcaciso, umzekelo, akunakunikezelwa ngayo kumaqumrhu eeinshorensi okanye kulo naliphi na iqela langaphandle ngaphandle kokuba kukho isizathu esamkelekileyo esinokubangela oko kwaye nayo igunyaziswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuba ikhutshwe.
Ingcaciso enobuzaza neyimfihlelo ingathunyelwa ngefeksi kuphela xa kungekho ndlela iyenye ekhuselekileyo enokuthunyelwa ngayo. Ukuthunyelwa kwengcaciso ngefeksi kufuneka kugunyaziswe ngumntu oyithumelayo nangulowo ithunyelwa kuye phambi kokuba ithunyelwe. Ingcaciso echazwe njengeyimfihlelo engaphaya nelihlelo eliphezulu ingaze ithunyelwe ngomatshini osetyenziswa ngumntu wonke ngaphandle kokuba kukho imiqathango yokhuseleko eya kuthatyathwa. Kuzo zonke iimeko, ingcaciso kufuneka ikhuselwe ngokutshixelwa nokuba itshixelwe ngayiphi indlela enokutshixelwa ngayo.
UKULAWULA UKUNGENA KUMASANGO: Iindidi ezininzi zengcaciso kufuneka zifumaneke kubantu abathile nakwabo kulindeleke ukuba bayisebenzise. Ukufumaneka kwengcaciso kufuneka kulawulwe. Amalungelo okufumana ingcaciso kufuneka kuqwalasele indlela yokusebenza kweshishini. Amagama okungena kwikhompyutha kufuneka kungabolekiswana ngawo konkekonke. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuvula komntu ekude kufuneka kubekwe phantsi kweliso elibukhali ngokufaniswa, ngokwaziwa okugqibeleleyo nangokusetyenziswa kweendlela zokucupha. Ukungena kumasango abanye abantu kuvumeleke kuphela apho kunokubakho ingozi engephi okanye kungekho ngozi inokubakho.
I-IMEYILE NESIKHUNDLA SENTUNGELWANO: Kufuneka zisetyenziselwe iinjongo zoshishino, zingasetyenziselwa ukumosha neenjongo ezingekho mthethweni. Ukuthunyelwa kwengcaciso enobuzaza kufuneka kukhatshwe yindlela yokucupha efanelekileyo nayintsayino-gama yombane ekumgangatho ophezulu. Kufuneka kusoloko kukhangelwa ukuba iikhompyutha azinantsholongwane kwaye iimbalelwano ezikrokrelekayo mazingavulwa. Lumkela ulwaphulo-mthetho lwamalungelo oshicilelo. Ngqinisisa ingcaciso nemvelaphi yolwazi. Imiba engafanelekanga kufuneka isefwe.
UKUKHUSELA INGCACISO: Ingcaciso eyimfihlelo kufuneka ithunyelwe ngendlela enokucupha ngalo lonke ixesha. Imiqathango yokuliwa kolwaphulo-mthetho kwiibhulorho zokhuseleko kufuneka ibekwe phambili kwaye baxelelwe bonke abasebenzi ngayo. Isidima sobungasese nobumfihlelo zizinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngawo onke amaxesha. Indlela eya kuphathwa ngayo ingcaciso ngabantu ethunyelwa kubo kufuneka ichazwe phambi kokuba ibe nokuthunyelwa ingcaciso leyo. Ukhuseleko lwengcaciso malungapheleli kuphela kumagama okungena kwikhompyutha, koko kufuneka kukhangelwe nezinye iindlela. Ngabasebenzi abagunyazisiweyo kuphela ekufuneka bathethe namajelo eendaba. Incoko eyenziwa kumajelo eendaba kufuneka icetywe ngocoselelo kwaye kufuneka ihambe ngokwemigaqo ebekiweyo. Iidilesi neenombolo zeefeksi kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngazo phambi kokuthunyelwa kwengcaciso.
UKUTHINTELWA KOLWAPHULO-MTHETHO LONXIBELELWANO: Uthintelo lolwaphulo-mthetho lonxibelelwano kufuneka lugcinwe lukumgangatho ophezulu. Uvavanyo lobungozi kufuneka lusoloko lusenziwa ngamathuba athile ngenjongo yokunciphisa amathuba ohlaselo. Kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngamandla okulungisa ngokukhawuleza. Ubungqina mabungaliwa ngenxa yokuba bukwisixhobo sombane. Ulwaphulo-mthetho lonxibelelwano lunesohlwayo ngokomthetho ngokuphathelele kumThetho woNxibelelwano nokuSebenza ngoMbane, umThetho wokukhawulela nokuJonga neminye imithetho yolwaphulo-mthetho. Abasebenzi kufuneka basoloko behleli bethe qwa.
Umsebenzi xa esemsebenzini kufuneka enxibe aze aziphathe ngendlela edumisa iinkonzo zikarhulumente.
Urhulumente noluntu balindele umgangatho ophezulu wobugcisa kubasebenzi bakarhulumente. Ubugcisa ekuthethwa ngabo apha kukufika ngethuba emsebenzini, ukusungula izinto, ukuzinikela, ubuchule nomgangatho ekwenzeni umsebenzi. Isinxibo kufuneka sisoloko sicocekile, sindilisekile kwaye sihloniphekile. Abasebenzi, ingakumbi abo basebenza ngqo nabantu ngokubanzi, kufuneka bakulumkele ukunxiba ngokungakhathali okanye ngendlela engajongekiyo.
Umzekelo 1: Abasebenzi, ingakumbi abo basebenza ngqo nabantu ngokubanzi, akufuneki ukuba banxibe iihempe ezikrazukileyo okanye iibhulukhwe zejin ezinemigqobho.
Umzekelo 2: Akukho msebenzi karhulumente uya kuya emsebenzini emdaka. Ukuba umsebenzi, umzekelo, osebenza kwisango lokungena abatyeleli bamazwe ngamazwe, ufika emsebenzini engazichebanga iindevu kwaye enevumba lotywala, uya kuba ubeka ibala elibi kwinkonzo karhulumente nto leyo iya kuchaphazela ilizwe loMzantsi-Afrika.
Umsebenzi kufuneka aziphathe ngokufanelekileyo ngokuphathelele ekusetyenzisweni kweziselo ezinxilisayo nakwezinye izinto eziyelele kwezo.
Akufuneki, naphantsi kwayiphi na imeko, ukuba abasebenzi babe phantsi kweempembelelo zotywala okanye zayo nayiphi na into esisinxilisi xa esemsebenzini. Ngaphandle nje kwehlazo elinokuba sisiqhamo soko, ukuba phantsi kweempembelelo emsebenzini kungayichaphazela indlela asebenza ngayo umsebenzi lowo kwanendlela athetha ngayo nabanye abasebenzi kwanabantu jikelele.
Umoya omhle phakathi kwabasebenzi nomoya omhle wentsebenziswano zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kumsebenzi wesebe ngalinye. Akufuneki ukuba abasebenzi bazihlazise phambi kwabanye abasebenzi ngokusebenzisa izinxilisi ngexesha lomsebenzi.
Nokuba umsebenzi akakho msebenzini, usoloko engumsebenzi karhulumente, ngoko ke kufuneka asoloko eziphatha ngendlela efanelekileyo ukuze angahlazisi inkonzo karhulumente.
Umzekelo 1: Umphathi wabasebenzi othi azintyintye kakhulu kwitheko labasebenzi aze anxile, uya kuba uzihlazisile kubaphathi abangentla kuye, koogxa bakhe nakubasebenzi abaphetheyo. Loo nto ingawuchaphazela nomgangatho womsebenzi wecandelo lakhe.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba umsebenzi, ingakumbi osebenza nabantu, ufika emsebenzini enevumba lotywala (okanye enxilile), lowo uya kuba netyala lokungakwazi kuziphatha kwaye isimilo esinjalo siya kubeka ibala elibi inkonzo karhulumente sithobe nmgangatho womsebenzi. Kukwabalulekile nokwazi ukuba isimilo esilolo hlobo sithathwa njengokungakwazi ukuziphatha kwaye umsebenzi ochaphazelekayo umele kubekwa ityala ngesimilo esilolo hlobo.
Umsebenzi akanalungelo lokufumana okanye lokwamkela naziphi na izipho zangasese, inzuzo okanye imali (into exabiso lingaphezulu kunama-R350) ngaphandle kwemvume ebhalwe yiNtloko yeSebe, kuye nakuwuphi na umntu ngethuba esemsebenzini njengoko ezo zinto zinokuthathwa njengokunyoba.
Xa umntu eqeshwa kwinkonzo karhulumente, ukuqeshwa kwakhe kunentsingiselo ebalulekileyo. Ukuqeshwa kwakhe kuthetha ukuba loo mntu uthengisa ngamandla akhe kurhulumente kwaye uya kuvuzwa ngemali eqokelelwe ebantwini njengerhafu. Yena kufuneka anikezele kuluntu ngenkonzo eqaqambileyo ngobugcisa nangokuzinikezela okungenambaliso.
Kufuneka icace gca kubasebenzi bakarhulumente nakuluntu ngokubanzi into yokuba, ngaphandle kwemali eyintlawulo ngokusemthethweni ehlawulelwa izinto ezinjengokukhutshwa kwencwadi yesazisi, akukho mali okanye nto iyenye iya kukhutshwa nguye nawuphi na umntu. Lo mgaqo kufuneka ufakwe kuwo onke amaxwebhu enkonzo kwaye kufuneka ubekwe kwindawo esemehlweni abantu kwizakhiwo zikarhulumente khona ukuze ube nokubonakala ngokucacileyo. Xa kukho intlawulo efunekayo ngenkonzo ethile, oko kufuneka kubonakaliswe kwixwebhu (kwisicelo).
Ngokunjalo, amashishini akumacandelo angasese, abathengisa ngempahla, kufuneka baziswe ukuba iinkonzo zikarhulumente zibotshelelwe yimigaqo yomGaqo-siseko elawula ulawulo lukarhulumente olufuna owona mgangatho uphezulu wendlela yokuziphatha ngesidima. Izipho, amalizo, izinto ezaziswa eluntwini, izimemelo ezidlweni, njl. kufuneka zingabi yinxalenye yezenzo zokwazisa uluntu kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente njengoko ziya kuthathwa njengezinto eziphembelela abathathi-zigqibo kwaye kwakhona zinokuvula amathuba okhuphiswano olungenabulungisa apho oosomashishini abancinane bengenakuba nakho ukukhuphisana kumgangatho ophezulu.
Njengoko lo isoloko ingumba onobuzaza kakhulu, oku kulandelayo kujolise ekubeni kusebenze njengesikhokelo esiya kukhokela amasebe kulo mba. Akulula ukunika amasebe izikhokelo ezigqibeleleyo, ngoko ke amasebe kufuneka acothele iKhomishini yeNkonzo kaRhulumente apho anokufumana khona iingcebiso xa ethandabuza ngendlela amakahambe ngayo xa ephethe imiba ethile.
Ukwamkelwa kwezipho okanye kwemali kuye nawuphi na umntu okanye indawo efuna ukulungiselelwa umba othile, ephethe umcimbi othile nesebe okanye eyenza umsebenzi ophicothwa ngabasebenzi bakarhulumente, kuya kwamkelwa kuphela ngemvume ebhalwe phantsi yeNtloko yeSebe.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba izipho nezibele ezisuka kwindawo ethile, zingesuki kusapho kufuneka zichazwe. Izipho okanye inzuzo ekufuneka zichaziwe zezo zithe kratya kwixabiso lama-R350. Abasebenzi basenokucothela iKhomishini yeNkonzo kaRhulumente xa bengaqinisekanga ngokwamkelwa kwezipho.
Umsebenzi akufuneki asebenzise okanye anikezele ngayo nayiphi na ingcaciso karhulumente ngenjongo yokuzuza yena buqu okanye yokuzuzisa abanye abantu.
Abasebenzi abathi emsebenzini wabo, ngamathuba amaninzi, bagagane neenkcukacha ezinobuzaza, eziyimfihlelo okanye ezingamahlebo akufuneki bazithi pahaha ezo nkcukacha ngaphandle kwemvume yokwenza njalo. Ingcaciso akufuneki kunikiswe ngayo okanye isetyenziselwe ukuzuza komsebenzi okanye kwabantu abangabanye okanye isetyenziswe njengesixhobo esijolise ekwenzakaliseni omnye umntu. Kubalulekile ukuba abasebenzi baqwalaselisise ukuba ingaba ukudizwa kwengcaciso kusemdleni weenkonzo zikarhulumente kusini na. Kufuneka abasebenzi baqaphele ukuba ukwenzelwa kwezinto ekuhleni akuthethi ukunika nabani na ingcaciso okanye ukudizwa kwengcaciso. Njengoko kungalulanga ukunika izikhokelo ezigqibeleleyo ngokuba yiyiphi ingcaciso ekunokunikezelwa ngayo nokuba kubani na, abasebenzi bayanqonqoziswa ukuba baqale bafumane imvume kwabaphetheyo xa bengaqinisekanga.
Umzekelo 1: Ukudizwa kwendlela yokhetho okanye ukuchazwa kwemibuzo ebuzwa abaceli-msebenzi kwabanye babaceli-msebenzi, akuyi kwenzelelela abaceli-msebenzi kuphela koko kuya kujongela phantsi amalungelo abanye abaceli-msebenzi okuba namathuba afanayo okucela isithuba somsebenzi.
Umzekelo 2: Ukuba umsebenzi uthi, ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe, abe nolwazi ngephulo likarhulumente eliya kunyusa amaxabiso ezindlu kwingingqi ethile, umsebenzi lowo akufuneki ukuba asebenzise loo ngcaciso ngenjongo yokuzityebisa yena okanye yokutyebisa izihlobo okanye abahlobo bakhe.
Umsebenzi akufuneki enze, ngaphandle kwemvume, umsebenzi wangaphandle ahlawulwayo ngawo okanye asebenzise impahla zomsebenzi wakhe ukwenza loo msebenzi wangaphandle.
Abasebenzi balindeleke ukuba basebenzise ingqwalaselo yabo, ixesha labo nesakhono sabo kwinkonzo karhulumente njengomqeshi. Ubume neemfuno zomsebenzi weenkonzo zikarhulumente aziyivumeli into yokuba umsebenzi anganakho ukwenza umsebenzi wangaphandle awuhlawulelwayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisana nomsebenzi wakhe awuqeshelweyo. Kunyanzelekile ke ngoko ukuba umsebenzi afumane imvume kuqala yokwenza umsebenzi osecaleni emva kwexesha lomsebenzi.
Umzekelo 1: Umsebenzi ungena kushishino nomnye umntu. Benza isivumelwano sokuba kufuneka abe semsebenzini weshishini elo ukuphuma kwakhe emsebenzini. Kuthi ngelishwa emsebenzini wakhe kunyanzeleke ukuba makasebenze emva kwexesha lesiqhelo lomsebenzi. Isiqhamo soku singakhokelela ekungazalisekiseni komdla wakhe, ekudaneni nasekubeni ingqondo yakhe ingabikho emsebenzini wakhe ngalo lonke ixesha.
Umzekelo 2: Ugqirha oqeshwe ngurhulumente akanakusebenzela enye indawo ngamathuba asemva komsebenzi wakhe, apho ahlawulwa umvuzo khona okanye asebenzise impahla karhulumente kunye / okanye amayeza, ngaphandle kwemvume yentloko yesebe lakhe.
Umzekelo 3: Umsebenzi usebenza kwenye indawo emva kwexesha lomsebenzi wakhe, into ethetha ukuba ulala sebugabadele kakhulu ubusuku. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni umsebenzi ozele emini angakwazi ukusebenza ngesantya alindeleke ukuba asebenze ngaso. Asinto inqwenelekayo le kwaye kukudlala ngemali yabarhafi.
A.1 Khona ukuze kube nokufezekiswa imiqathango yomgaqo-siseko ngokuphathelele kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente, bonke abasebenzi balindeleke ukuba bathobele umGaqo wokuziPhatha okhankanywa kwesi sahluko.
A.2 UmGaqo lo umele ukuba ube sisikhokelo kubasebenzi esibakhombisa ngokulindelekileyo kubo ngokuphathelele kwindlela amabaziphathe ngayo xa bebodwa naxa bephakathi kwabanye abasebenzi. Ukuthotyelwa komGaqo kunganeziphumo zokuphakamisa isidima kwanokuqinisekisa ngentembeko kwiNkonzo kaRhulumente.
B.1 Ikho imfuneko yokunika isikhokelo kubasebenzi esiphathelele kubudlelwane babo nendlu yowiso-mthetho, namalungu epalamente, nabaphathiswa, nabanye abasebenzi kwanabantu jikelele, kwanesikhokelo sokubonisa umoya abamele kuwenza ngawo umsebenzi wabo, sokubonisa into emele kwenziwa ukuphepha ukuba nomdla kwabo kwezinye izinto kwanendlela abalindeleke ukuba baziphathe ngayo emsebenzini nangaphandle komsebenzi.
B.2 Nangona umGaqo wokuziPhatha waqulunqwa kujongwe nkalo zonke, kodwa akunakuthiwa ngumgaqo ofikelele kuyo yonke imigaqo emisela imigangatho yokuziphatha. Ngoko ke, iintloko zamasebe, ngenxa yoxanduva lwazo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 7 (b) lomThetho lwabaphathi nolawulo olunempumelelo lwamasebe abo nokubethelela ukuziphatha kakuhle, kufuneka, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ziqinisekise ukuba indlela abaziphethe ngayo abasebenzi abaphantsi kwabo ihambelana nezithethe nemigaqo esisiseko elawula ulawulo lukarhulumente kwanemigangatho ebekwe ngumThetho. Iintloko zamasebe zifanele ukuba ziqinisekise okokuba abasebenzi bazo bayayazi le migaqo nokuba bayayamkela kwaye bekulungele ukuyithobela.
Injongo ephambili yomGaqo wokuziPhatha yelungileyo kuba iphakamisa ukuziphatha okungumzekelo. Ngoko ke umsebenzi uya kubekwa ityala lokuziphatha kakubi kwaye usenokohlwaywa ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano esiphakathi komqeshi nabasebenzi ukuba uye wathi waphikisana nawo nawuphi na umqathango womGaqo wokuziPhatha okanye xa athe wasilela ukuthobela nawuphi na umqathango walo mgaqo.
C.1.5 asebenzisane namaziko karhulumente amiselwe phantsi komthetho nomGaqo-siseko ekuphakamiseni umdla woluntu.
C.2.9 anakane ilungelo labantu lokufumana ingcaciso, ngaphandle kwengcaciso ekhuselwe ngumthetho.
C.3.7 uya kuzikhwebula ekwenzeni umsebenzi weqela lezopolitiko xa esemsebenzini.
C.4.12 uya kuthobela imibandela, amaxwebhu neengxoxo eziyimfihlelo, ezichazwe okanye ezithathwa njengeziyimfihlelo okanye ezilihlebo.
C.5.3 akayi kufumana okanye amkele, ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yeNtloko yeSebe lakhe, nasiphi na isipho, inzuzo okanye imali isipho okanye nantoni na enexabiso elingaphezulu kwama-R350.
C.5.5 akayi kwamkela, ngaphandle kwemvume, msebenzi aya kuhlawulwa ngawo ngaphandle komsebenzi aqeshelwe wona okanye asebenzise izinto zokusebenza zikarhulumente kumsebenzi wangaphandle.
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Urhulumente wengingqi ngumthathi-nxaxheba ophambili kwinkqubo yophuhliso yoMzantsi Afrika. Inkqubo yenguqu yokumisela oomasipala abangenamkhethe ngokobuhlanga nabanako ukusebenza linyathelo lobuchule elingundoqo elinokwenza ukuba urhulumente wengingqi azalisekise indima yakhe yophuhliso.
inkqubo yokwahlula kwakhona ethe yaba neziphumo zoomasipala abanako ukusebenza ; kwakunye nokunika inkqubo-sakhelo entsha esemthethweni kurhulumente wengingqi ngokumisela uMthetho wamaQumrhu ooMasipala kwanoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala.
Kukhetho lukarhulumente wengingqi obe lubanjiwe ngomhla wesi-5 kuDisemba 2000 isigaba senguqu sifikelele esiphelweni kwaye inkqubo yorhulumente wengingqi ingaqalisa ukusebenza phezu kwesiseko esiluqilima.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lolunye lwezixhobo ezingundoqo khon' ukuze urhulumente wengingqi abe nako ukumelana nendima yakhe entsha yophuhliso. Ngokuchasene nendima edlalwe lucwangciso kwixa eligqithileyo, ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lubonwa ngoku njengomsebenzi wolawulo lukamasipala nanjengenxalenye yenkqubo ehlangeneyo yocwangciso nokufezekiswa kwezithembiso. Inkqubo ye-IDP yenzelwe ukuba ifikelele kwizigqibo kwimiba efana nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala, ulawulo lwemihlaba, inkuthazo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwengingqi kwakunye nenguqu yezamaziko ngendlela yothetha-thethwano ecwangciswe kakuhle nenobuchule. IziCwangciso zoPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo phofu azizikunika nkcazelo kulawulo lukamasipala kuphela; zifanele ukuba zikhokele imisebenzi yayo nayiphi i-arhente evela kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente, amaqumrhu anika inkonzo, imbutho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente kwakunye necandelo labucala elikwingigqi kamasipala.
Kwithuba eligqithileyo lolawulo, inkoliso yamagunya engingqi enguqu ebesele eyinxalenye yokulungiswa kwezicwangciso ze-IDP. (uninzi lwazo lwaphelela ekulungiseleleni ii-LDO). Oku kwenziwa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Inkqubo-sakhelo esemthethweni esiqinisekisayo yayingekamiselwa. Uninzi lwamagunya engingqi (AmaBhunga amele iNguqu ngokuthe ngqo), ebengenazakhono zokulawula inkqubo yocwangciso elolo hlobo. Bekungekho ndlela yosetyenziso yocwangciso evavanyiweyo nankqubo yoqeqesho ebanzi necwangcwiswe kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo bonke abo bebethatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo ye-IDP yangaphambili bafunde lukhulu kule nkqubo. Kwaye amagunya engingqi ambalwa sele enze inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo ekusekeni indlela yokucwangcisa enokunceda ukuphucula ukufezekiswa okanye ukuphunyezwa kwamaphulo /iiprojekthi neenkqubo.
Kukho inkqubo yoqeqesho enabileyo kazwelonke yabalawuli boomasipala, amagosa obugcisa, ooceba kwanabo baqeqeshelwe ukucwangcisa, elungiselela abo bangabathathi-nxaxheba abavela koomasipala bonke.
Inkqubo yenkxaso enabileyo kuzwelonke yoomasipala bengingqi (PIMSS) iyasekwa kunye namaziko enkxaso akumgangatho wezithili njengenxalenye engundoqo.
Inani elivisayo loomasipala, i-SALGA, amasebe amaphondo karhulumente wengingqi kwakunye noludwe lwamasebe amacandelo kazwelonke, athathe inxaxheba kule nkqubo eye yazala le ncwadana ingumqulu osisikhokelo se-IDP. Ndiqinisekile ke ngoko ukuba ngenxa yoko, le miqulu ipapashiweyo iya kuba yincwadana esisikhokelo eluncedo ekwayinkuthazo kuni nonke nina bayinxalenye yenkqubo ye-IDP, kumalinge enu okwenza I-IDP isixhobo sokukhawulelana neemfuno zentlalo nezoqoqosho zoluntu lwethu ngokufanelekileyo.
Inika isikhokelo esisisiseko ngenjongo, iziqulatho, iinkqubo nemiba yezamaziko oCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo. Ezi zikhokelo, ngaphandle kokunika ingcaciso yoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala wama- 2000, zigqitha ngaphaya kweemfuno ezilindelekileyo nezidweliswe kulo Mthetho.
Inika uncedo ekuqulunqeni inkqubo yocwangciso. Ibeka umnwe ekucaciseni iindima noxanduva kumalungiselelo emibutho kwanokumisa ngendlela iinkqubo zocwangciso kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo.
Iziphumo ezifunekayo Yintoni?
Neenkqubo ezicetyisiweyo ("Njani") kwanemiba yezamaziko (" Ngubani")?
Inika iindlela ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zocwangciso/ ubuchule bocwangciso ukulungiselela imisebenzi yocwangciso engundoqo neengcebiso ekusebenzisekeni kwezixhobo.
Inika isikhokelo ngendlela yokunxulumanisa ezinye izikhokelo zemigaqo-nkqubo eqhelekileyo (ezingezo ze- IDP) okanye imigaqo-nkqubo yamacandelo kwinkqubo ye-IDP.
Kuqhagamshelwano kufezekiso locwangciso.
Izixhobo zolawulo lofezekiso.
Izixhobo zolawulo zobeko esweni nokwenza.
Yintoni uCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo?
Yintoni uCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo?
Yintoni iwonga lasemthethweni le-IDP?
iv. Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuyigqiba inkqubo?
vi. Ngubani onoxanduva lokulawula inkqubo?
Ngubani ekufuneka ethathe inxaxheba kwaye kutheni?
Yintoni indima noxanduva lwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo karhulumente?
iv. Incwadana esisikhokelo IV: Izixhobo /Ingqokelela yezixhobo zocwangciso v. Incwadana esisikhokelo V: Izikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo zecandelo nezinabileyo vi.
Isigaba 3: Amaphulo/Iiprojekthi iv. Isigaba 4: Uhlanganiso v. Isigaba 5: Ukuvunywa vi.
Incwadana esisikhokelo VI: Uphumezo nokuBeka esweni bUkuphepha isicwangciso esintetho ingavakaliyo kangangoko ngokuba kungacetyiswa iindlela zobuchwepheshe kwiNcwadana esisikhokelo III.
c Ukubetha koomofu ngezona mfuno zincinci kwisigaba ngasinye sendela yosetyenziso , ngolo hlobo kusahlulwa phakathi 'kwezisisinyanzelo' ngenxa yeemfuno zasemthethweni nezomgaqo-nkqubo kunye neengcebiso ezingamiseli ngokunyanzelisa kwabo bafuna nje iingcebiso ngendlela yokwenza imisetyenzana yocwangciso ethile.
Yintoni emele ukuba sisiphumo somsetyenzana wocwangciso?
Kufuneka ikhangeleke njani inkqubo ukuze ifike kwisiphumo?
Iza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani?
Ukwenza abanebango abahlukeneyo bazazi kwaye baziqonde iindima zabo kwaye bathathe inxaxheba ngokuchanekileyo kwinkqubo. Oku kuquka amasebe amaphondo nakazwelonke.
Ukunika uphengululo lokuqala nolukhawulezileyo lwenkqubo ye-IDP kwabo banoxanduva lokulawula le nkqubo.
Isishwankathelo eso senzelwe ukuba nawuphi na umntu abenokuyiqonda ngokubanzi inkqubo yoCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo. Ukuze ufumane olunye ulwazi olunzulu abo baphambili kwinkqubo mababhekise kwiNcwadana esisikhokelo esemxholweni.
Yintoni uCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo?
UCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo yinkqubo apho oomasipala balungisa isicwangciso sobuchule sophuhliso sethuba leminyaka emihlanu. UCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo yimveliso yenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. I-IDP sisixhobo esiphambili socwangciso lobuchule esikhokela kwaye sazise lonke ucwangciso, ulwabiwo-mali, ulawulo nokwenziwa kwezigqibo kumasipala.
Yintoni iwonga lasemthethweni le-IDP?
NgokoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala wama-2000, bonke oomasipala (oko kutsho, Oomasipala beZixeko, beZithili nabeNgingqi) kufuneka baqhube inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ukuze bavelise izicwangciso zophuhliso oluhlangeneyo (ii-IDP). Njengoko i-IDP iyimfuno yasemthethweni inewonga lasemthethweni kwaye ingaphezulu kwazo zonke ezinye izicwangciso ezikhokela uphuhliso kwinqanaba likarhulumenete wengingqi.
NgokoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala, ibhunga ngalinye elitsha elithatha isihlalo emva konyulo lorhulumente wengingqi kufuneka lilungise i-IDP yalo eza kulikhokela le minyaka mihlanu liphetheyo. Ngoko ke i-IDP ihambisana nexesha lokuphatha kooceba. Ibhunga elitsha lingakhetha, lisenokuyigcina i-IDP yebhunga elidala ukuba liyibona ifanelekile okanye liphuhlise entsha kodwa liwaqwalasele onke amaxwebhu akhoyo angocwangciso.
iv. Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuyigqiba inkqubo?
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo yinkqubo yentsebenziswano nothatho-nxaxheba efuna abo banebango bazibandakanye nayo. Ngenxa yokuba iyinkqubo yothatho-nxaxheba imthatha umasipala iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-9 ukugqiba i-IDP kwaye eli xesha lihambelana nomjikelo wolwabiwo-mali lukamasipala. Phofu ke , ngeli xesha ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso nophuhliso akumanga, kuyaqhuba. I-IDP iphengululwa minyaka le ukuze loo nto izale ukulungiswa kwesicwangciso ukuba kuyafuneka oko.
Uhlolo lwenqanaba elikhoyo lophuhliso, kuqukwa nokuchongwa kwamabutho asekuhlaleni angazifumaniyo iinkonzo ezisisiseko.
Umbono kamasipala (kuqukwa izidingo zenguqu zangaphakathi).
Isicwangciso sezemali esihlangeneyo (ulwabiwo-mali lwenkunzi nokusetyenziswa kwemali).
Ngamafutshane, uCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo lungomasipala ochonga imiba/ iingxaki eziphambili ezithi zona zimise umbono, iinjongo neendlela zobuchule ezithi zilandelwe kukuchongwa kwamaphulo okujongana nale miba. Esona sigaba sinzima kwiIDP kukudibanisa ucwangciso nolwabiwo-mali lukamasipala (oko kutsho , ukwabelwa kwamaphulo achongiweyo iingxowa-mali zangaphakathi nezangaphandle) ngenxa yokuba oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kwamaphulo, ngolo hlobo uphuhliso lukhokelwe yi-IDP.
vi. Ngubani onoxanduva lokulawula inkqubo?
UCwangciso luPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo alujongananga nje nocwangciso lwendawo , yiyo loo nto ke ulawulo lwalo kungafunekanga lunikezelwe kwiSebe loCwangciso likamasipala okanye kubacebisi. Yinkqubo le yokulawula imicimbi kamasipala nendawo kamasipala, yiyo ke loo nto lunewonga eliphezulu kwamasipala. Ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho weMixokelelwano kaMasipala, 2000, iKomiti ePhetheyo okanye uSodolophu oPhetheyo unoxanduva lokulawula ulungiselelo lwe-IDP okanye olu xanduva alunike umlawuli wakwamasipala. Koomasipala abaninzi, umqhakamshelanisi we-IDP, onxulumene kwaye onika ingxelo ngqo kwi-ofisi yomlawuli wakwamasipala neKomiti ePhetheyo okanye uSodolophu, uyonyulwa ukuba alawule inkqubo.
Ukulungisa i-IDP yimfuno esemthethweni ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala, phofu ke asikuphela kwesizathu sokuba oomasipala balungise izicwangciso. Phantsi komgaqo-siseko omtsha, oomasipala banikwe uxanduva olukhulu lophuhliso ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wobomi babemi uphuculwe. Indima entsha yorhulumente wengingqi iquka amalungiselelo eenkonzo ezisisiseko, ukudalwa kwemisebenzi, ukhuthazo lwedemokhrasi nokuyimela into oyenzayo nokucima ubuhlwempu. Ngoko ke, ukulungisa nokuba nayo i-IDP kwenza umasipala akwazi ukulawula inkqubo yokuzalisekisa uxanduva lwayo lophuhliso.
Nge-IDP, umasipala waziswa ngeengxaki ezichaphazela ummandla kamasipala kwaye ngokukhokelwa lulwazi olufumaneka kwimithombo yobutyebi uyakwazi ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza iindlela zobuchule ezifanelekileyo namaphulo okujongana nezi ngxaki.
ukujonga oonobangela ngaphezu kokwaba imali emayichithwe ekulweni iimpawu.
Xa kukho isicwangciso sophuhliso sikamasipala esicacileyo, abatyali-mali babucala namacandelo amasebe ayavuma kwaye anokuzithemba ukutyala imali yawo ngenxa yokuba i-IDP iyakhombisa okokuba umasipala ukwinkalo yophuhliso.
Inceda ukuqinisa idemokhrasi nenguqu yeziko kuba izigqibo zithathwa ngendlela yedemokhrasi nesekuhleni, ingeyiyo imeko apho iligcuntswana kuphela elineempembelelo.
Ikhuthaza ukusebenza kunye kukarhulumente ngokwenza lula ubukho bomxokelelwano wonxibelelwano nowokusebenza kunye phakathi kwamanqanaba karhulumente kwingingqi, iphondo nozwelonke.
Aabeke esweni indlela asebenza ngayo amagosa.
Yyenza amagosa abe yinxalenye yenkqubo yokuthathwa kwezigqibo.
Iinika indlela abanokuthi ngayo bathathe umlinganiselo wendlela abasebenza ngayo ooceba nomasipala ewonke.
IImithombo emininzi ebonakalayo yokuphunyezwa kwamaphulo ikumacandelo amasebe. Ubukho beIDP bunika isikhokelo kumasebe ngendawo apho zifuneka khona iinkonzo zawo ukuze nemithombo yobutyebi yabelwe ezo ndawo.
II-IDP isebenza njengencwadana esisikhokelo kumacandelo abucala ekuthatheni izigqibo ngokubhekiselele kwiindawo nakumacandelo emakutyalwe kuwo imali.
Xa kungekho IDP umasipala uza kusebenza ngendlela engacwangciswanga nengenantsebenziswano , loo nto ke iya kukhokelela ekuphindweni kwento esele ikho nakwinkcitho yemithombo yobutyebi enqongopheleyo. Futhi, ukungabikho kwesixhobo sikamasipala sokukhokela uphuhliso kungabangela ukuba amanye amanqanaba karhulumente anyanzelise ezawo iinkqubo zophuhliso, ezisenokwenzeka ukuba azidlali ndawo iphambili kummandla kamasipala.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ayingomsebenzi weSebe loCwangciso likamasipala. Yonke into eyenziwa ngamasebe kuqukwa indawo yogcino lweengxowa-mali nemithombo yoluntu, kufuneka ikhokelwe sisixhobo sikamasipala solawulo esiyi-IDP. Ngenxa yoko , onke amasebe kufuneka abandakanyeke ngqo kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Ooceba kufuneka badlale indima ephambili kwinkqubo ye-IDP. I-IDP asiyondlela nje kuphela yokuba kuthathwe ngayo izigqibo, ikwaqulethe izidingo neminqweno yamaqela abavoti. Ngoko ke ooceba kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba ukuqinisekisa ukuba imicimbi yamabutho asekuhlaleni abo ibekwe kakuhle kwaye ihoyiwe.
I-IDP ingokuphawula oondoqo nezidingo zabo banebango nezamabutho asekuhlaleni ngenjongo yokwenza igalelo ekuphuculweni komgangatho wobomi. Inxaxheba yebutho lasekuhleni nabo banebango ekuphawuleni ezi zidingo yeyona nto isentliziyweni yenkqubo yeIDP. Umgaqo-siseko noMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala ucacisa gca ukuba umasipala umele aqulunqe ukubandakanyeka nokuzinikezela kwaba banebango ngokuba aseke inkqubo echanekileyo yothatho-nxaxheba. Umasipala kufuneka aqinisekise ngokukodwa inxanxeba yaloo maqela ebekade ehlelelekile umzk. abafazi, abalimeleyo, njalo njalo ukuze amazwi abo aviwe.
Kwimeko yabo banebango kodwa bengacwangcanga, imibutho engeyokarhulumente (iiNGO) okanye eminye imithombo yabantu badlala indawo ephambili kakhulu ukumela imidla yalo maqela. Ubume benkqubo ye-IDP buvumela bonke abanebango abahlala okanye abaqhuba ushishino kwindawo kamasipala ukuba babe negalelo ekulungiseni nasekuphuhliseni isicwangciso sophuhliso.
Ngokuzikhuphela ecaleni ekuthatheni inxaxheba, abanebango baxhobisa abanye abantu ukuba bathathe izigqibo endaweni yabo, mhlawumbi zizigqibo ezingenzi mdla kubo.
I-IDP imele ikhokele apho icandelo lamasebe lisaba imithombo yobutyebi kwinqanaba likarhulumente wengingqi. Kwangaxesha-nye , umasipala kufuneka ayithathele ingqalelo imigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo zecandelo lamasebe xa ephuhlisa imigaqo-nkqubo neendlela zobuchule ezizezakhe. Kusemdleni wecandelo lamasebe ke ngoko ukuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ulungelelaniso phakathi kweenkqubo zawo nezo zikamasipala.
Ngenxa yokuba i-IDP ibandakanya inxaxheba yabo banebango abaninzi, kubalulekile ukuba umasipala asebenzise inkqubo echanekileyo kwaye abe nawo namaqumrhu afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa uthatho-nxaxheba olunempumelelo. Nantsi imithetho-siseko yokuthatha inxaxheba.
Ibhunga elonyuliweyo lelona qumrhu lengxoxo lokugqibela lokwenza izigqibo ngeeIDP. Indima yedemokhrasi yokuthatha inxaxheba kukwazisa, ukuthethana nokwenza amagqabantshintshi ngezo zigqibo zenkqubo yocwangciso/yokwenza izigqibo.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kukawonke-wonke kufuneka kwenziwe ngokwamaziko ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abahlali belizwe banelungelo elilinganayo lokuthatha inxaxheba.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba okuqulunqiweyo: Uninzi loomasipala abatsha bakhulu kakhulu ngokubhekiselele kubungakanani babantu nommandla ukuba bangavumela ukuthatha inxaxheba yoninzi lwabahlali kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zocwangciso. Ngoko ke, ukuthatha inxaxheba kucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo, kudinga iimithetho nemigaqo exelayo ukuba ngubani othatha inxaxheba okanye ngubani omakabuzwe, endaweni kabani, ngawuphi umcimbi, ngeyiphi indlela yombutho, ngasiphi isiphumo.
Ukungafani/ Iintlobo-ntlobo: Indlela okuqulunqwe ngayo ukuthatha inxaxheba kukawonke-wonke kufuneka kunike umhlaba wokungafani, oko kutsho iindlela neenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kuthatho-nxaxheba . Ngeli xesha kufuneka kubekho isakhelo sommiselo jikelele sothatho-nxaxheba oluqulunqwe ngokwamaziko, esi sakhelo kufuneka sivuleke ngokwaneleyo ukuze amaphondo noomasipala benze uhlengahlengiso olufunekayo.
kokukhuthaza ukuthatha inxaxheba kukawonke-wonke ekufuneka kwenziwe ngokukodwa ngokubhekiselele kumaqela ahlelelekileyo nolingano ngokwesini ngokweemeko namandla kumasipala.
Uxanduva lokulungisa nokwamkela ii-IDP luxhomekeke koomasipala. Phofu ke, ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ngumxokelelwano karhulumente wocwangciso ofuna ukubandakanyeka kwamanqanaba omathathu karhulumente. Amanye amagalelo kufuneka enziwe ngurhulumente wephondo nokazwelonke ukuncedisa kucwangciso lukamasipala.
Incwadana esisikhokelo nganye, kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo ye-IDP, inegalelo ekulungiseni isicwangciso sophuhliso oluhlangeneyo oomasipala abanokusiphumeza baze basisebenzise njengesixhobo sommandla kamasipala. Kubalulekile ukuba abantu abanoxanduva lolawulo lwenkqubo yeIDP ukuba baqhelane nokuqulethwe yiNcwadana esisikhokelo nganye kwaye bakwazi nokuyisebenzisa ngexesha lenkqubo ye-IDP. Ezi Ncwadana ezizikhokelo azidingi ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokulandelelana okuthile. Kufuneka kuqhakamshelwane nazo kumanqanaba ohlukeneyo enkqubo.
Baninzi abadlali-ndima kwinkqubo ye-IDP, ngamnye kubo umele azalisekise iindima ezizodwa noxanduva olulodwa. Ezinye zeNcwadana ezizikhokelo zijolise kubadlali-ndima abathile abazalisekisa iindima ezithile kwinkqubo. Phofu ke bonke abanye abadlali-ndima kufuneka bafikelele kuzo zonke iiNcwadana ezizikhokelo xa befuna ukuqonda nzulu ngokuqulethwe yiNcwadana esisikhokelo nganye.
Incwadana I esisikhokelo inika ulwazi olunzulu ngenjongo noqhelaniso locwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Ukunika isikhokelo esicace gca ngenkqubo ye-IDP, iziphumo ezilindelekileyo nobudlelwane nezinye iinkqubo ezinokunceda ukuzalisekisa ezona mfuno zincinci ezisemthethweni zoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala.
Abalawuli bakamasipala nabalawuli be-IDP kufuneka beyiqonde kakuhle iNcwadana esisikhokelo I ukuze bakwazi ukulungelelanisa nokulawula inkqubo, ngeli xesha abacwangcisi nabancedisi kufuneka babe nako ukukhokela inkqubo ngokuchanekileyo. Abanye abadlali kufuneka bawuqonde umxholo wocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo nendlela abanganegalelo ngayo.
Kutheni kukho izikhokelo zoCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo?
Incwadana esisikhokelo I iluncedo lokuba kubhekiswe kuyo kwinqanba lolungiselelo.
Nawuphi na umasipala phambi kokuba aqalise ngenkqubo yocwangciso, kufuneka enze amalungiselelo.
Ukuncedisa oomasipala ukucwangcisa inkqubo ngokweemfuno zoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala.
Amaqela ekujoliswe kuwo yile Ncwadana esisikhokelo ngala: abalawuli bakamasipala nabalawuli be-IDP- bakwazi ukuqulunqa balawule inkqubo kakuhle, abacwangcisi abaqeqeshiweyo- bakwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela elula enokujika-jika nekwaziyo ukuyila nabanye abadlali - balwazi uphengululo lweNcwadana esisikhokelo ukuze bakwazi ukuzalisekisa iindima zabo ngendlela echanekileyo.
Ukuyiqonda iNcwadana esisikhokelo II kuyimfuneko phambi kokuqala inkqubo yocwangciso. Inceda oomasipala ukuba balungise iinkqubo namaqumrhu abaza kuwadinga baze balungise inkqubo yocwangciso. Kwangexesha elinye, iNcwadana esisikhokelo II iluncedo kuba isisikhomba-ndlela ngexesha lenkqubo ye-IDP.
Injongo yeNcwadana esisikhokelo III inika umasipala isikhokelo sendlela emayilandelwe ekwenzeni i-IDP. Iziqulatho zishwankathelwe kwicandelo 4 oko kutsho inkqubo yocwangciso.
Incwadana esisikhokelo III ijolise kubadlali-ndima abadinga ulwazi oluneenkcukacha nolobuchule lwenkqubo ye-IDP ngenxa yendima abayidlalayo. Umlawuli we-IDP kufuneka ayiqonde kakuhle iNcwadana esisikhokelo III ukuze akwazi ukuqulunqa nokulawula inkqubo. Abacwangcisi abaqeqeshiweyo nabancedisi nabo badinga ukuyiqonda ngokucacileyo ukuze bakwazi ukukhokela inkqubo kwaye bavelise amaxwebhu asemxholweni.
Le Ncwadana esisikhokelo ngundoqo kwinkqubo yocwangciso. Kufuneka isetyenziswe kwisigaba ngasinye senkqubo yocwangciso.
Incwadana esisikhokelo IV yibhokisi yezixhobo enika izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezokucalula nezokwenza izigqibo neendlela zobugcisa ezingasetyenziswa kwinkqubo yocwangciso. Izixhobo azisosinyanzelo kwaye ziyahluka ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzisekeni kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zoomasipala.
Iqela ekujoliswe kulo kwiNcwadana esisikhokelo IV ngabacwangcisi abaqeqeshiweyo nabancedisi abanoxanduva lokusebenzisa izixhobo ezinikiweyo.
Incwadana esisikhokelo-IV kufuneka isetyenziswe kunye neNcwadana esisikhokelo III. Izixhobo zisetyenziswa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yocwangciso kwaye kwezinye iimeko esi sixhobo sinye singasetyenziswa amatyeli amaninzi.
Injongo yeNcwadana esisikhokelo V kukwenza oomasipala baqonde eminye imithetho-siseko kazwelonke neyephopndo neenkqubo ekumele zithathelwe ingqalelo xa kulungiswa izicwangciso zikamasipala zophuhliso.
Iqela ekujoliswe kulo liquka abalawuli bakamasipala nabalawuli be-IDP njengoko kufuneka beqinisekise ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo neenkqubo ezisemxholweni zithathelwe ingqalelo kwi-IDP kamasipala kwanabacwangcisi abaqeqeshiweyo nabavelisi abafuna ukwazi ukuba iimfuno zingalungiselelwa njani na kwinkqubo.
Amaqela ekujoliswe kuwo ngalawo anomsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphunyezwa kuyahambelana ne-IDP oko kutsho Umlawuli wakwaMasipala noNondyebo, neeNtloko zaMasebe namagosa azo anoxanduva lokulawula ukuphunyezwa kwamaphulo athile.
Incwadana esisikhokelo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ngezigaba zophumezo, zokubeka esweni nezophengululo.
Eli candelo linika isishwankathelo sendlela yosetyenziso locwangciso ecetyiswe kumqulu weeNcwadana ezizizikhokelo. Inkcukacha ngendlela yosetyenziso iqulethwe kwiNcwadana esisikhokelo III.
Ukuphumeza- ukuqhutywa kwamaphulo ajongene nezi njongo.
Ukubeka esweni nokuphengulula- ngexesha lokucwangcisa izikhomba-ndlela zokusebenza ziyayilwa ukuze zibeke esweni uphumezo kwanemiphumela yoko. Isiphumo sokubeka esweni ngamanye amaxesha sizala uhlengahlengiso lwenkqubo yocwangciso nophumezo.
Kukho umsebenzi wolungiselelo ekufuneka wenziwe phambi kokuqalisa kwenkqubo yocwangciso. Amalungiselelo aquka ukuveliswa "kwenkqubo yesicwangciso ye-IDP". Udweliso lwenkqubo luyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olusemgceni lwenkqubo yocwangciso.
Kwakhona njengenxalenye yenqanaba lolungiselelo, ibhunga lesithili ngokubonisana noomasipala bengingqi kufuneka lamkele isakhelo socwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Isakhelo simisa imigaqo yentsebenziswano, ukubonisana nolungelelaniso phakathi koomasipala besithili nabengingqi ukuze ke ngoko sibamanye kunye.
Isigaba socalulo sijongene nemeko le ikhoyo. Lucalulo olungqalileyo lohlobo lweengxaki abantu abajongene nazo kummandla kamasipala. Imibandela idla ngokuba zizidingo zeenkonzo ezisisiseko kuye kutsho kulwaphulo-mthetho nokungaphangeli. Iingxaki ezichongiweyo zijongwa ngokokungxamiseka okanye ngokubaluleka ukuze kuziwe nezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kuqala oko kutsho imibandela engundoqo/ephambili.
Ekuchongeni iingxaki, umasipala uqwalasela iindlela abantu abazibona ngayo iingxaki nezidingo zabo, kodwa namanqaku namanani ngokunjalo. Kubalulekile kwesi sigaba ukuba umasipala angaqondi nje iimpawu , kodwa oonobangela beengxaki ukuze enze izigqibo ezisekwe kulwazi ngezisombululo ezizizo. Uthatho-nxaxheba kwabanebango nokwebutho lasekuhlaleni kubalulekile kwesi sigaba. Umasipala akufunekanga azicingele nje ngokwakhe ukuba zintoni iingxaki kulo mmandla. Abantu abachaphazelekayo kufuneka babandakanyeke ekuxeleni iingxaki nobungakanani bazo.
Kubalulekile ukumisa imibandela engundoqo kuba umasipala akasayi kubanayo imithombo yobutyebi eyaneleyo yokujongana nayo yonke imibandela echongwe ngamaqela ahlukeneyo ebutho lasekuhlaleni. Ukubeka ngokokubaluleka kuncedisa umasipala akwazi ukwabela imibandela ephambili loo mithombo yobutyebi enqongopheleyo.
Umasipala kufuneka ayiqaphele imithombo yobutyebi ekhoyo nefikelelekayo nenqongopheleyo ukuze kuthathwe izigqibo ezizizo ngezisombululo.
Xa ke ngoku umasipala eziqonda iingxaki ezichaphazela abantu bommandla kwanoonobangela, kufuneka akhe izisombululo zokuhoya ezi ngxaki.
Umbono - Umbono yinkcazelo exela imeko umasipala angathanda ukuyibona ikuyo impumelelo yakhe kwithuba elide. Le yimeko umasipala angazibona ekuyo xa ethe wazihoya iingxaki ezichongwe kwiSigaba 1.
Iinjongo zophuhliso- xa imibandela engundoqo ichongiwe kwiSigaba 1, kufuneka iguqulwe ibe ziinjongo. Iinjongo zophuhliso ziinkcazelo zokuba yintoni umasipala angathanda ukuyizuza kwithuba eliphakathi ngenjongo yokuhoya imibandela (iingxaki) kwaye abe negalelo ekuphumezeni umbono. Ngamanye amazwi iinjongo kufuneka zivale isikhewu phakathi kwento eqondwayo ngoku nombono.
Iindlela zobuchule zophuhliso- Xa umasipala esazi apho afuna ukuya khona (umbono) kwaye nento afuna ukuyizuza ukuphumeza umbono (iinjongo), kufuneka aphuhlise iindlela zobuchule. Iindlela zobuchule zophuhliso zinika iimpendulo kumbuzo wokuba umasipala uza kufika njani kwiinjongo zakhe. Zizigqibo zobuchule ngezona ndlela zisemgceni zokuphumelelisa iinjongo.
Xa iindlela zobuchule zakhiwe, zizala ukuchongwa kwamaphulo.
Uthatho-nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke lwenzeka kwiSigaba 2 ngohlobo lwengxoxo-mpikiswano kawonke-wonke ngeendlela ezizizo zokusombulula iingxaki.
Isigaba 3 singoyilo neenkcukacha zamaphulo aza kuphunyezwa. Umasipala kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba amaphulo achongiweyo ayadibana nemibandela engundoqo neenjongo ezichongiweyo kwizigaba ezidlulileyo. Kufuneka licacelwe iqela ekujoliswe kulo (iindlalifa) apho likhoyo iphulo, liza kuqala nini liphele nini, ngubani oza kuba noxanduva lokulilawula, liza kubiza malini. Ngaphezu koko izinto ekujoliswe kuzo nezikhomba-ndlela zakhiwe ukuze kuthathwe umlinganiselo wokusebenza nomphumela wephulo.
Ukuyila amaphulo kufuna igalelo leengcali zisebenze namaqela okwakha amaphulo. Abanebango namabutho asekuhlaleni achaphazelekayo kwiphulo elithile athatha inxaxheba kwesi sigaba kwimibuzo enxulumene noyilo lwephulo.
Xa amaphulo sele echongiwe, umasipala kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba ahambelana neenjongo neendlela zobuchule kwakunye nesakhelo semithombo yobutyebi kwaye ayazithobela iimfuno zasemthethweni. Ngaphezu koko eli nqanaba lithuba likamasipala lokudibanisa amaphulo ngokubhekiselele kwiziqulatho, indawo nexesha ukuze kufikwe kwinkqubo ehlangeneyo umzk. inkqubo yengingqi yophuhliso loqoqosho.
Ukubhekisa kwizicwangciso zecandelo v.
Xa i-IDP igqityiwe, kufuneka ingeniswe kwibhunga likamasipala ukuze iqwalaselwe kwaye ivunywe. Ibhunga kufuneka lijonge ukuba ingaba i-IDP iyayichonga na imibandela okanye iingxaki ezichaphazela ummandla kwaye nento yokuba iindlela zobuchule namaphulo ziya kuzilwa kangakanani na ezi ngxaki. Ibhunga kufuneka kwakhona liqinisekise ukuba i-IDP ithobela iimfuno zasemthethweni phambi kokuba ivunywe.
Xa umasipala eyamkele i-IDP, kufuneka kwithuba leentsuku ezili-10 zolwamkelo angenise ikopi kunye ne 'Nkqubo yesicwangciso' ne 'Sakhelo se-IDP' (kwimeko kaMasipala weSithili) kuMphathiswa weSigqeba soLawulo ukuze iphondo liyihlole. UMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala awufuni uMphathiswa weSigqeba soLawulo ukuze uvume -IDP, uhlola kuphela ukuba i-IDP iyazithobela na iimfuno zoMthetho kwaye ayingquzulani na neendlela zobuchule ze-IDP zabanye oomasipala okanye imibutho yombuso.
Ifomu nokuqulethwe luxwebhu lwe-IDP ubukhulu becala (ngaphandle kwezo ziqulatho zimiselwe kuMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala) iphantsi kolawulo lomasipala ngamnye. Ngoko ke uluhlu lweziqulatho alumiselwanga.
Uluhlu lweziqulatho sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu esinika umfanekiso wokuba i-IDP inokukhangeleka njani. Lo mzekelo olandelayo unganceda ukuba ube nomfanekiso, kodwa awumelanga uthintele nawuphi na umntu ukuba aphuhlise ezakhe izimvo.
Isebe likaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi linomyalelo wasemthethweni wokunika imeko-bume ebavumelayo oomasipala ukuba bazalisekise uxanduva lwabo lokulungisa ii-IDP. Indlela yobuchule yenkxaso yeSebe likaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi yenziwe ziintsika ezine njengoko kubonisiwe kwisazobe esingasentla.
UMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala nesakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo unika oomasipala isakhelo-nkqubo esisemthethweni sokuxakeka lucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Ukuze kwande isakhono sabo babandakanyekayo kwi-IDP ngokukodwa ooceba namagosa, iSebe likaRhulumenete wePhondo noweNgingqi liphuhlise isakhelo-nkqubo sophuhliso lwekharityhulam kazwelonke eyenzelwe ukuncedisa abaniki-nkonzo ekuphuhliseni ikharityhulam echanekileyo yoqeqesho lwe-IDP.
Ngokusekwa kwisakhelo-nkqubo sekharityhulam kwaye kusetyenziswana noMbutho weNgingqi waseMzantsi Afrika, iSebe likaRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi liphuhlise inkqubo yoqeqesho ye-IDP. Uqeqesho oluza kunikwa abadlali-ndima abahlukeneyo luqeqesho olujolisiweyo. Lusekwe kwiindima ezahlukeneyo ezizalisekiswa ngabadlali-ndima abahlukeneyo kwinkqubo ye-IDP kunye nezakhono abazidingayo ukuze bakwazi ukuzalisekisa iindima zabo. Malunga nolwazi olungeenkqubo zoqeqesho ezikhoyo, oomasipala bangaqhakamshelana neQela lokusebenza leDDP. Jonga kwiphepha 22 ufumane iinkcukacha zoqhakamshelwano.
Amaziko ePIMS anabasebenzi abanamava nabawuqeqeshelweyo umsebenzi, abaneziqinisekiso namava kurhulumente wengingqi, abakwaziyo ukucwangcisa nokuncedisa uphuhliso, abakwanazo nezinye izakhono ezisemxholweni ezifunelwa inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Useko lwePIMSS lujonge ekuncediseni amabhunga engingqi , phofu kwangaxesha nye namanye amaqela abanebango nawamabutho asekuhlaleni, nawo angafikelela kwiPIMSS ukuba afuna naluphi uncedo umzk. indlela yokuba baziqulunqe ukuze bathathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo ye-IDP. Abasebenzi beZiko lePIMS baza kukunika uncedo ngqo okanye bakubhekise kumdlali-ndima, kubaniki-nkonzo abasemxholweni abanobungcali.
ukufezekiswa kweenkonzo uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwengingqi inguqu kwiziko uhlanganiso lweendawo eya kuthi ekugqibeleni loo nto iphucule umgangatho wobomi kwinqanaba likamasipala.
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Urhulumente wengingqi ngumthathi-nxaxheba ophambili kwinkqubo yophuhliso yoMzantsi Afrika. Inkqubo yenguqu yokumisela oomasipala abangenamkhethe ngokobuhlanga nabanako ukusebenza linyathelo lobuchule elingundoqo elinokwenza ukuba urhulumente wengingqi azalisekise indima yakhe yophuhliso.
inkqubo yokwahlula kwakhona ethe yaba neziphumo zoomasipala abanako ukusebenza ; kwakunye nokunika inkqubo-sakhelo entsha esemthethweni kurhulumente wengingqi ngokumisela uMthetho wamaQumrhu ooMasipala kwanoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala.
Kukhetho lukarhulumente wengingqi obe lubanjiwe ngomhla wesi-5 kuDisemba 2000 isigaba senguqu sifikelele esiphelweni kwaye inkqubo yorhulumente wengingqi ingaqalisa ukusebenza phezu kwesiseko esiluqilima.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lolunye lwezixhobo ezingundoqo khon' ukuze urhulumente wengingqi abe nako ukumelana nendima yakhe entsha yophuhliso. Ngokuchasene nendima edlalwe lucwangciso kwixa eligqithileyo, ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lubonwa ngoku njengomsebenzi wolawulo lukamasipala nanjengenxalenye yenkqubo ehlangeneyo yocwangciso nokufezekiswa kwezithembiso. Inkqubo yeIDP yenzelwe ukuba ifikelele kwizigqibo kwimiba efana nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala, ulawulo lwemihlaba, inkuthazo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwengingqi kwakunye nenguqu yezamaziko ngendlela yothetha-thethwano ecwangciswe kakuhle nenobuchule. IziCwangciso zoPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo phofu azizikunika nkcazelo kulawulo lukamasipala kuphela; zifanele ukuba zikhokele imisebenzi yayo nayiphi i-arhente evela kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente, amaqumrhu anika inkonzo, imbutho engekho phantsi kulawulo lukarhulumente kwakunye necandelo labucala elikwingigqi kamasipala.
Kwithuba eligqithileyo lolawulo, inkoliso yamagunya engingqi enguqu ebesele eyinxalenye yokulungiswa kwezicwangciso zeIDP. (uninzi lwazo lwaphelela ekulungiseleleni ii-LDO). Oku kwenziwa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Inkqubo-sakhelo esemthethweni esiqinisekisayo yayingekamiselwa. Uninzi lwamagunya engingqi (AmaBhunga amele iNguqu ngokuthe ngqo), ebengenazakhono zokulawula inkqubo yocwangciso elolo hlobo. Bekungekho ndlela yosetyenziso yocwangciso evavanyiweyo nankqubo yoqeqesho ebanzi necwangcwiswe kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo bonke abo bebethatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yeIDP yangaphambili bafunde lukhulu kule nkqubo. Kwaye amagunya engingqi ambalwa sele enze inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo ekusekeni indlela yokucwangcisa enokunceda ukuphucula ukufezekiswa okanye ukuphunyezwa kwamaphulo /iiprojekthi neenkqubo.
Lo mqulu mtsha uyincwadana yesikhokelo yeIDP ethe yaqulunqwa ligqiza lophando elilodwa kwi- DPLG ngenkxaso evela kwi-GTZ, unikeza indlela evavanyiweyo yolawulo locwangciso nofezekiso ngendlela esebenzisekayo elandeleka lula. Iquka izifundo ezifundwe kwinkqubo yeIDP yangaphambili.
Kukho inkqubo yoqeqesho enabileyo kazwelonke yabalawuli boomasipala, amagosa obugcisa, ooceba kwanabo baqeqeshelwe ukucwangcisa, elungiselela abo bangabathathi-nxaxheba abavela koomasipala bonke.
Inkqubo yenkxaso enabileyo kuzwelonke yoomasipala bengingqi (PIMSS) iyasekwa kunye namaziko enkxaso akumgangatho wezithili njengenxalenye engundoqo.
Inani elivisayo loomasipala, i-SALGA, amasebe amaphondo karhulumente wengingqi kwakunye noludwe lwamasebe amacandelo kazwelonke, athathe inxaxheba kule nkqubo eye yazala le ncwadana ingumqulu osisikhokelo seIDP. Ndiqinisekile ke ngoko ukuba ngenxa yoko, le miqulu ipapashiweyo iya kuba yincwadana esisikhokelo eluncedo ekwayinkuthazo kuni nonke nina bayinxalenye yenkqubo ye IDP, kumalinge enu okwenza iIDP isixhobo sokukhawulelana neemfuno zentlalo nezoqoqosho zoluntu lwethu ngokufanelekileyo.
Inika isikhokelo esisisiseko ngenjongo, iziqulatho, iinkqubo nemiba yezamaziko oCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo. Ezi zikhokelo, ngaphandle kokunika ingcaciso yoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala wama- 2000, zigqitha ngaphaya kweemfuno ezilindelekileyo nezidweliswe kulo Mthetho.
Inika uncedo ekuqulunqeni inkqubo yocwangciso. Ibeka umnwe ekucaciseni iindima noxanduva kumalingiselelo emibutho kwanokumisa ngendlela iinkqubo zocwangciso kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo.
Iziphumo ezifunekayo Yintoni?
Neenkqubo ezicetyisiweyo ("Njani") kwanemiba yezamaziko (" Ngubani")?
Inika iindlela ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zocwangciso/ ubuchule bocwangciso ukulungiselela imisebenzi yocwangciso engundoqo neengcebiso ekusebenzisekeni kwezixhobo.
Inika isikhokelo ngendlela yokunxulumanisa ezinye izikhokelo zemigaqo-nkqubo eqhelekileyo (ezingezo ze- IDP) okanye imigaqo-nkqubo yamacandelo kwinkqubo yeIDP.
Kuqhagamshelwano kufezekiso locwangciso.
Izixhobo zolawulo lofezekiso.
Izixhobo zolawulo zobeko esweni nokwenza.
Xa uMtheo Wenguqulelo Yoorhulumente Bengingqi Local Government Transition Act LGTA/ uLungiso lwesibini 1996wanyanzelisa ukuba oomasipala babe neziCwangciso Zophuhliso Oluhlangeneyo, umgaqo-nkqubo wazo wawulinganiselwe kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, iimfuneko zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo zazingenela nakwiimfuneko zezicwangciso zeeNjongo Zophuhliso Lomhlaba LOD njengoko zimiselwe nguMthetho Woqikelelo Lophuhliso DFA wowe-1995. Imigaqo yeDFA iye yalungiselela isakhelo esiluncedo somgaqo-nkqubo ngokubhekisele kububanzi bezicwangciso zophuhliso, kodwa ayidluleli ngaphaya koko.
Iinkalo ezingundoqo zomgaqo-nkqubo, isakhelo esisemthethweni nendlela yosetyenziso lweeIDP zamiselwa emva kokuba yayisele iqalisiwe inkqubo yeIDP nenxibelelene namalungiselelo eeLDO. Ezi ziqulethwe liPhepha Lengxelo ngooRhulumente Bengingqi [WPLG, Matshi 1998] njengomgaqo-nkqubo osebenza ngokubanzi, kuMthetho-vavanyo Weenkqubo Zoomasipala MSB], owathi waba nguMthetho opheleleyo ngowe-2000, nakwiNcwadana Yokufundisa Yezicwangciso Zophuhliso Oluhlangeneyo kaSeptemba 1998.
intsebenziswano namanye amacandelo oburhulumente; kunye nentsebenziswano ecacileyo phakathi koomasipala nabahlali, ngokuvisisana nomgaqo wokuyimela into.
Uluhlu lwemigaqo-nkqubo ekulindeleke ukuba ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo luyilandele, njengokuziqhelanisa neemfuno ezisisiseko, ukunciphisa ubuhlwempu nokuxhasa imeko-bume.
Uluhlu lwezikhokelo zosetyenzo oluquka ukumisela izinto eziza kuqala, utsoliso lobuchule, indlela yokusebenza ezisa ingeniso, ucwangciso lokwexeshana nokusebenza phakathi kwamacandelo amaninzi.
nangokubhekisele kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Ubhekisela kwindima yocwangiso lukamasipala ngaphakathi kobume bubonke bentsebenziswano yoburhulumente. Kwisahluko esithi "Uthatho-nxaxheba Lukawonke-wonke" iMSA ichaza imigaqo, izixhobo neenkqubo zenxaxheba uluntu ngokubanzi olunayo nesebenza, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Amanye amaxwebhu amabini asemthethweni nawathi abakho ngenxa yeWPLG ayaluchaphazela ngandlel' ithile ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Umthetho Wemida Yoomasipala waqalisa inkqubo yemida emitsha neyazala ukuncitshiswa ngokuphawulekayo kwenani loomasipala abakhulu ngakumbi nabakwisikhundla esingcono sokuba ngamaziko alawulekayo oorhulumente bengingqi. Umthetho Wobume Boomasipala unika oomasipala bezithili indima ethe chatha ekuxhaseni oomasipala bengingqi ekuyileni ii-IDP.
Yona iNcwadana Yokufundisa Yezicwangciso Zophuhliso Oluhlangeneyo izama ukunikela imigaqo esisikhokelo yosetyenzo lwale nkqubo kubo bonke abo babandakanyekileyo kucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ukuze bakwazi ukuhlangabezana nomsebenzi omtsha. Ngokwahlukileyo kumaxwebhu omgaqo-nkqubo nezakhelo ezisemthethweni, yona ayinamimiselo itheni yaye iluncedo. Isebenza njengesikhokelo ekunokusekelwa kuso izifundo zoqeqesho nenkcazelo namacebiso. Kanjalo isenokuqhubeka iphuculwa ngokwamava nobuchule obutsha bokwenza izinto.
Njengoko inkoliso yeLDO/iinkqubo zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo zaqaliswa ngaphambi kokuba esi sakhelo sisandul' ukuveliswa sibekho, umgangatho wenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo neziphumo zayo azizange ziphenjelelwe kuyaphi leli lungiselelo.
Kwinkoliso yoomasipala iinkqubo zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo neziphumo zazo, amaxwebhu ezicwangciso, azizange zizifikelele iimfuneko ezisisiseko zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo nolulolobuchule. Le nkqubo yabangela ingxuba-kaxaka enkulu yaye maxa wambi yayibanxunguphalisa abo babandakanyekileyo.
Kunokuba babe zizixhobo zokujamelana neembambano zokwenene zabahlali nemimandla yasekuhlaleni ngendlela yobuchule, yophuhliso nokuziswa kweenkonzo ebantwini, oomasipala abaninzi baphelela nje ekwaneliseni oko kufunwa ngumthetho ngokusebenzisa abacebisi babo ngendlela esabumatshini. Ngenxa yoko iziphumo ngokufuthi yayiba luluhlu olungekho ngqiqweni lokukhetha iintlobo zotyalo-mali nohlobo oluthile lwezicwangciso zokusebenza.
Ezi ntsilelo kungathiwa zabangelwa ngokuyinxenye kukusikelwa umda kobuchule bukarhulumente wengingqi, indlela yosetyenziso entsonkothe ngokugqithisileyo esenokukhuthaza indlela yokusebenza kwezicwangciso ezisabumatshini nokungabikho kweenkqubo zenkxaso ezifaneleyo, nto leyo yanyanzelisa oomasipala abaninzi ukuba baxhomekeke kubacebisi abacebisa ngezicwangciso. Ngaphezu koko, kokubini inkqubo nelungiselelo lwamaziko oorhulumente bengingqi benguqu yayiyinto entsha kubo bonke abo babandakanyekileyo. Noko ke, iintsilelo eziliqela zihlobene nokungabikho komgaqo-nkqubo ocacileyo. Uwiso-mthetho lweenguqu nokudideka okuhambisana nako mayela neeLDO kunye nee-IDP ngokuqinisekileyo yayiyinxalenye yale ngxaki. Kodwa ezinye zeentsilelo ezihlobene nomgaqo-nkqubo, njengoko zichazwe ngezantsi, kusafuneka ziqwalaselwe.
Injongo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo yayingacacanga ngokwaneleyo: kumagunya athile engingqi yathi, ngenxa yokunxibelelana kwayo ngokusondeleyo neeLDO, yagqalwa njengemfuneko ekhethekileyo yesicwangciso esibanzi; kwamanye yayigqalwa njengendlela yothatho-nxaxheba ukuze kufikelelwe kuluhlu lwamaphulo otyalo-zimali ukuze kufumaneke iimali zangaphandle. Phantse akukho ndawo lwalujongwa kuyo njengenkqubo ephambili kamasipala yolwabiwo lwemithombo ekhoyo nefikelelekayo malunga nezinto ezithile zophuhliso ekumele kuqalwe ngazo namacebo obuchule.
Ngenxa yoku isiphumo see-IDP ngokuqhelekileyo yayiba nje luluhlu lwamagama amaphulo emisebenzi kungekho nkcazelo engakumbi engqalileyo nazicwangciso zobuchule zokuphumeza izinto. Kwinkoliso yamaxwebhu ezicwangciso kwakungekho bungqina bokuba kukhe kwaqwalaselwa imigaqo esisikhokelo yophuhliso olubanzi njengokuncitshiswa kobuhlwempu, inkqubela yezoqoqosho okanye ukuxhaswa kwemeko-bume.
Kwakungekho nkqubo icacileyo nekuvunyelwene ngayo yokunxibelelanisa ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kunye nocwangciso lwezinye iinkalo zikarhulumente kunye nocwangciso lwamacandelo. Ngamanye amazwi, ucwangciso lukamasipala lulindeleke ukuba lube yinxalenye yenkqubo yezicwangciso eziqhagamsheleneyo zoburhulumente engekabikho okwangoku. Kwaye akukho ngcaciso yaneleyo yokuncedisa oomasipala baphelise ukudideka abanako ngeemfuneko ezininzi nezisemthethweni zezicwangciso.
Kwakungekho lizwi licacileyo ngendlela ii-IDP zoomasipala beengingqi nabezithili ezifanele ziqhagamshelane ngayo (ngaphandle nje kwento yokuba zifanele zenziwe ngaxesha-nye yaye omnye umele azi ukuba omnye wenza ntoni na). Ngenxa yoku oomasipala beengingqi noomasipala bezithili bazenzela ezabo izicwangciso ngaphandle kokwazisana, okanye oomasipala beengingqi babelinda abezithili.
Kwakungekho ngcamango yamaziko icacileyo nesengqiqweni ephathelele ukwabiwa kwemisebenzi neembopheleleko ngenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Amazwi abonisa amabhongo nangacacanga athi oorhulumente bakamasipala ngabo abamele bbabe ngabanini "nabaqhubi" bale nkqubo ayengafanelekanga ukuphuma emlonyeni wamagunya engingqi angenabo ubuchule bomsebenzi. Ngenxxa yokungabikho kokhokelo kulwabiwo olungqale nolusengqiqweni ngakumbi lwemisebenzi neembopheleleko, abaphathi boomasipala babetyekele ekudluliseleni kwabanye imbopheleleko iyonke yenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Ngokuvisisasna noku umbuzo wenkqubo yenkxaso efanelekileyo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo loomasipala wawungaphendulwanga. Ngaphandle kokhokelo lokuhlela izinto oluvela kumaphondo, abacebisi ngezicwangciso yayikukuphela kwenkqubo efikelelekayo yenkxaso.
ukuyilwa konxibelelwano lokuceba, usetyenziso-mali nokufezekiswa kwezinto; kunye nonxibelelwano lwe-IDP nokulawulwa komhlaba, njll, yashiyelwa kumlinganiselo wobugcisa babacebisi. Ayizange izinziswe kumba wokuba ibe ngumgaqo-sikkhokelo.
Inkoliso yoomasipala nabacebisi babo yayingakwazi ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yothabatho-nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke ngendlela enentsingiselo, njengoko kwakungekho lwalathiso.
Iwonga elisemthethweni locwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kusafuneka licaciswe ngokubhekele phaya.
Ngaphandle kokuba ezi mbambano zingundoqo zomgaqo-nkqubo ziyacaciswa, yonke imizamo kwiinkalo zokuphuhlisa ubuchule, ukumiselwa kweenkqubo zenkxaso nokusulungekiswa kwendlela yosetyenzo lwezicwangciso ayiyi kuba nampembelelo itheni kumgangatho weenkqubo zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo neziphumo zazo zophuhliso.
Kukho umsantsa omkhulu ngokweengcamango phakathi komgaqo-nkqubo obanzi weWPLG nemfuneko esisiseko ehazwe kwiMSA kwelinye icala, nokuyilwa kweendlela zosetyenzo ezingqalileyo zezicwangciso njengoko kwandlalwe kwiNcwadana Yokufundisa Yocwangciso Lophuhliso Oluhlangeneyo ngakwelinye icala. Lo msantsa umele uvalwe ukuze urhulumente wengingqi akwazi ukusebenzisa kakuhle isixhobo esilucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Injongo yale migaqo esisikhokelo kukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abo babandakanyekileyo kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo (kuquka abaqeqeshi neengcali ezibandakanyekileyo ekuveliseni izixhobo nasekubhaleni imimiselo) bayayiqonda injongo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo, ukwabiwa kwemisebenzi noxanduva, neenkqubo ezimele zilandelwe kolu cwangciso. Oku kuya kubenza bafikelele kwizigqibo zobuchule nezisengqiqweni ngokuphathelele iimbambano eziphambili ebantwini ngeengcebiswano nokuhlanganisana, baze basebenzise imilinganiselo yokucombulula iingxaki ngokukhawuleze ngakumbi nangokufanelekileyo.
Le migaqo esisikhokelo yenye yezinto ezine nezingundoqo ezifunekayo ukuze kwenziwe ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lube sisixhobo esinempumelelo kurhulumente wophuhliso olungakumbi wengingqi. Ezinye izinto zezi: uphuhliso lwendlela yosetyenzo; ulungiselelo lwezicwangciso zoqeqesho; kunye nokumiselwa kwen kqubo yenkxaso.
Iinkalo ekufuneka kuzo imigaqo-nkqubo yokhokelo engakumbi zihlobene neentsilelo ezibalulwe ngasentla.
Isahluko 3: Ukuqwalaselwa kwezikhokelo nemigaqo kazwelonke kucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Isahluko 4: Indlela ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo loomasipala oluchaphazela ngayo iinkqubo ezinxibeleleneyo zoburhulumente kucwangciso lophuhliso.
Isahluko 5: Ukuvumelanisa iimfuneko zocwangciso lwamacandelo nocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Isahluko 6: Ukuqhagamshelanisa iinkqubo zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo phakathi koomasipala bezithili nabeengingqi.
Isahluko 7: Amalungiselelo entlangano ocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kumasipala ngokwakhe.
Isahluko 8: Iinkqubo zenkxaso zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lukamasipala.
Isahluko 9: Indlela yokwenza ucwangciso neyosetyenzo lwalo.
Isahluko 12: Iwonga elisemthethweni lee-IDP.
Ezi nkalo ziye zaba ngumbandela wokuhlalutywa ebudeni benkqubo yovavanyo lwephulo lolingelo lezicwangciso zophuhliso oluhangeneyo. Zimbi zazo zahliwa amahlongwane phezulu ngokucokiseke ngakumbi ngezifundo zophando lwemigaqo-nkqubo engqalileyo.
Injongo yale migaqo esisikhokelo kukunikela ukhokelo nolwalathiso apho luyimfuneko khona. Idlulela ngaphaya kweemfuneko ezisisiseko ezisemthethweni. Injongo kukwenza abo baneembopheleleko bakwazi ukusebenzisa ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo njengesixhobo sophuhliso kurhulumente wengingqi.
Ukujika-jika: Le migaqo esisikhokelo iya kuvulela ithuba ixesha lokufunda nokufakelwa kweengcamango ezintsha ekwenzeni izicwangciso nokulawula. Isakhelo siya kukhuthaza ukwahluka-hlukana kwezimbo zokucwangcisa, ekubeni iimeko ezingokoqobo zeengingqi zomasipala baseMzantsi Afrika zahlukahlukene.
Umlinganiselo othile wokufana: Le migaqo esisikhokelo kufuneka ibonise ulungelelwano phakathi kokuvulela ithuba lokujika-jika kwisakhelo sayo nokulilinganisela elo thuba ukuze kuqinisekiswe imimandla efanayo, imithetho efanayo, nolwimi olufanayo ngandlel' ithile. Izinga lokufana okuthile kucwangciso loomasipala luxhomekeka kumalungelo alinganayo abantu nangawedemokhrasi kwibutho labo, nangemfuneko yokuba ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lube yinxalenye yelizwe lonke yenkqubo yocwangciso, efuna ukuba kubekho intsebenziswano etyibilikayo phakathi keenkalo ezintathu zikarhulumente enye nenye nakuzo ngokwazo.
Iimfuneko zocwangciso ezifikelelekayo: Le migaqo kufuneka igcine iindleko zocwangciso ziphantsi yaye ikhuthaze nokuba izinto zengingqi zibe zezabantu bengingqi leyo ngokugcina iimfuneko zocwangciso zilula kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kucingelwa ukulinganiselwa kobuncwane nobuchule babasebenzi kwinkoliso yoomasipala. Sekunjalo, kuya kucingelwa nesibakala sokuba ucwangciso olukumgangatho othile luyimfuneko ukuze kuphetshwe ukuchithwa imali kutyalo-mali olungafanelekanga. Ngokuvisisana noku, iindlela zocwangciso zisenokwahluka phakathi koDidi A (oomasipala bezixeko) no-C (abezithili) kwelinye icala, noDidi B (oomasipala bengingqi) kwelinye icala.
Uphuhliso: Urhulumente wengingqi osebenzela uphuhliso, ngokutsho kweWPLG, ngurhulumente wengingqi ozimiseleyo ukusebenza nabemi namaqela kwibutho lasekuhlaleni ukuze kufumaneke iindlela zokuhlangabezana neentswelo zabo zentlalo, zoqoqosho nezinto eziphathekayo nokuphucula umgangatho wabo wobomi. Oku kuyayichaphazela inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo (ekufuneka ibandakanye nowonke-wonke) nesiphumo (ekulindeleke ukuba sihlobane neenjongo zophuhliso ngokubanzi). Injongo yale migaqo esisikhokelo kukufak' isandla ekuguquleni uphuhliso oluyimfuneko lwesicwangciso sophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lube zizikhokelo nolwalathiso olusebenzisekayo.
Ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso: Nayiphi na imigaqo yokhokelo yocwangciso kufuneka ikhumbule ukuba ucwangciso lona ngokwalo alusosiphelo kodwa yindlela yokufikelela kwinkqubo yokuziswa kweenkonzo eziyimfuneko ebantwini, ngokuphumelelayo nangokukhawulezileyo, okuyinto efaneleke ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, ukugcina ikhonkco elisondeleyo nelicacileyo phakathi kokucwangcisa, indlela ephuculiweyo yokulawula uwonke-wonke nokufezekiswa kwezithembiso ngowona mgaqo ubalulekileyo nokhokelayo kule migaqo.
Le migaqo iza kwenza abo babandakanyekileyo kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo bayijonge le nkqubo, kungekhona njengemfuneko yomthetho eluxanduva, koko njengesixhobo solawulo olungcono nokunxityelelaniswa kwenkqubo yokwenziwa kwezigqibo nokufezekiswa kwazo, ngokuphathelele iinkonzo zoluntu neenjongo zophuhliso ngokubanzi kwimbopheleleko yabo.
Lwalungenalo ilungiselelo lotyalo-mali lwamacandelo angasese.
Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1990, amaqonga ahlukahlukeneyo eengxoxo zothetha-thethwano (njengeLocal Negotiating Forum neNational Housing Forum) aqulunqa ingcamango yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo njengendlela yokulwa nale ndlela yocwangciso eshiywe lixesha nengafanelekanga. Kwangaxesha-nye, ingcamango yocwangciso oluhlangeneyo yayiya isamkeleka ngakumbi kumazwe ngamazwe njengendlela yokusabela kucwangciso lweyee-1980 olwaluziintlaba-zahlukane, luyilelwe iinjongo ezithile nolusekelwe kumaphulo athile; inyathelo elisingise kuhlanganiso lwezobugcisa; nenkxalabo ababenayo abo balwela amalungelo emeko-bume ngembono efanelekileyo ngophuhliso.
Itsoliswe ekufezekiseni izithembiso.
Ngowe-1995 kwavela "uCwangciso Lophuhliso Oluhlangeneyo" njengendlela eyahlukileyo yocwangciso kwaye yayiququzelelwa yiOfisi yeRDP naliQonga Lophuhliso Nocwangciso Olunempumelelo Forum for Effective Planning and Development FEPD. I-FEPD yachaza ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ngokuthi: " inkqubo yocwangciso lothabatho-nxaxheba ejoliswe ekuhlanganiseni ubuchule bokuceba bamacandelo, ukuze kuxhaswe ulwabiwo oluphumelelayo lobuncwane obulinganiselweyo phakathi kwamacandelo nemimandla yelizwe nabemi ngokubanzi ngendlela yokukhuthaza inkqubela ezinzileyo, ukulingana nokuxhotyiswa kwabahlwempuzekileyo nabahlelelekileyo".
Ezi ngcamango zanatyiswa ngakumbi phaya kwi-RDP zikho ku-Mgaqo-siseko kwaye zicaciswe ngakumbi kumaxwebhu ahlukahlukeneyo omgaqo-nkqubo kuquka iWPLG kunye nePhepha leNgxelo ngoCwangciso loPhuhliso. Kanjalo anolutho ngokomthetho ngenxa yokuwiswa kwemithetho enjengoMthetho woNcediso luPhuhliso, 1995, Umthetho weNguqulelo woRhulumente weNgqingqi Umthetho weSibini woLungiso, 1996, Umthetho waMaqumrhu kaMasipala, 1999, kunye noMthetho weMixokelelwano kaMasipala, 2000.
Amava amazwe ngamazwe abonisa ukuba urhulumente wengingqi wedemokrasi nophuhliso lokwenene ufanele abe nendima ebanzi ekucwangciseni, ekulawuleni nasekuziseni uphuhliso ekuhlaleni.
Iimikhwa yamazwe ngamazwe "yokucinga ngokweemeko zomhlaba wonke nokwenza ngokweemeko zengingqi" iye yaguquka yaba lutyekelo olukhulayo lokuzisa urhulumente ebantwini ngokubanzi, ngokukodwa ucwangciso.
E-Indiya ukulungiswa komgaqo-siseko ngowe-1992 kwaveza ilungiselelo lokugunyaziswa kanobom kwabantu, kuquka ucwangciso lwasezidolophini ukusa kumaqumrhu eengingqi zedolophu.
Onke amagunya asekuhlaleni eJamani kufuneka alungiselele ezawo izicwangciso nangona kufuneka zivisisane nezicwangciso zamanye amacandelo.
E-Malaysia amagunya engingqi alungiselela izicwangciso namaphulo ajamelene neemfuno zengingqi yaye zanelisa izindululo zelizwe.
I-Indonesia inenkqubo yaminyaka le yocwangciso lophuhliso lwengingqi eqala ezantsi inyuke, iqala kumgangatho weelali.
UMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika wasabela kolu tyekelo ngokudala urhulumente wengingqi njengenxalenye eyahlukileyo, kodwa eqhagamsheleneyo enegunya lokulawula nokuwisa imithetho nomyalelo obalulekileyo wophuhliso. Ezinye zezixhobo eziyintloko zolu hlobo lutsha lorhulumente wengingqi wophuhliso yinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Utyekelo lolawulo-melo ehlabathini lonke lugxininisa imfuneko yokwabiwa ngobulungisa nangokulinganayo kobuncwane neenkonzo zidluliselwa kubemi bebonke. Kanjalo olu tyekelo luphumela kuqheliselo locwangciso lothabatho-nxaxheba kwabemi abaqhelekileyo babe nelizwi kwiimbambano zokwenene ezichaphazela ubomi babo.
Ucwangciso lothabatho-nxaxheba luthetha ukuba abantu ngabanye, amaqela neentlangano zifanele zifikelele kwinkcazelo ephathelele uphuhliso yaye zikwazi ukuba nenxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo ngemimandla ezihlala nezisebenza kuyo. Injongo yocwangciso lothabatho-nxaxheba ngokuyintloko kukwenza ulawulo-melo lube nzulu yaye kubonisa ukusuka kwingcamango "karhulumente" ukusa kwingcamango "kurhulumente osebenzayo". Abo bakhuthaza ucwangciso lothabatho-nxaxheba bakholelwa ukuba intsebenziswano enkulu ngakumbi phakathi korhulumente wengingqi nabemi uya kuphumela kucwangciso oluphuculiweyo nophuhliso ngokukodwa kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni.
Ngowe-1992, iinkokeli zamazwe ali-179 zasayina isicwangciso somsebenzi somhlaba wonke sophuhliso oluzinzileyo nolwalubizwa ngokuba yiAgenda 21 nolwalusekelwe kwisizindlo sokuba iimbambano zophuhliso zingathi zinikelwe ingqalelo ngokwenene kuphela ngokuba nenxhaxheba nokusebenzisana kwamagunya asekuhlaleni ngokuba nenxaxheba kwiinkqubo zocwangciso lwengingqi. I-Agenda 21 yengingqi icebisa ukuba oomasipala baqalise inkqubo yocwangciso ngokucebisana nabahlali baze bavumelane ngemiba efuna ukuphuhliswa kwimimandla yabo. Igqala uthabatho-nxaxheba ngokubanzi kukawonke-wonke ekwenzeni izigqibo njengenye yeemfuneko ezisisiseko sophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
EMzantsi Afrika, yonke imithetho enxulumene nophuhliso eyathi yawiswa ukususela ngowe-1994 imisela iinkqubo zothabath-nxaxheba ekwenziweni kwezicwangciso. Umthetho iMSA uyichaza ngokutsha ingcamango kamasipala ukuze iquke abemi basekuhlaleni, nto leyo igxininisa imfuneko yokumiselwa ngentsebenziswano kwemiba eza kuqala kuphuhliso lwengingqi.
Sithetha nje utyekelo kukujonga urhulumente njengento enako ukufezekisa izithembiso zeenkonzo ezinikelwa kubemi bawo. Oomasipala bajongwa njengezithuthi zokuphuhlisa uqoqosho lwengingqi, nto leyo ithetha ukuba bafanele badale imeko-bume nezimo ezilungele utyalo-mali nokukhula kwezoqoqosho. Oomasipala bafanele ngokwandayo bafune ukuseka ubuhlakani nabanye abanebango ekunikeleni iinkonzo ngokuqinisekisa intsebenziswano nonxibelelwano nokwakhiwa iimanyano ezijoliswe ekuphuhlisweni kwengingqi.
Kwimeko yaseMzantsi Afrika, uphuhliso loqoqosho lwengingqi lugqalwa njengesiphumo esibalulekileyo senkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Inkqubo yocwangciso kamasipala ifanele idale iqonga lokubeka iimbambano zophuhliso kuxwebhu lwezinto umasipala amele athethe ngazo ngophuhliso yaye idale amathuba okumisela intsebenziswano nobuhlakani ekuxhaseni uphuhliso lwengingqi.
Olunye utyekelo lwamazwe ngamazwe, iphulo lokufikelela uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, lukhuthaza ukubaluleka kokuhlanganisa amaxhala emeko-bume neenkqbo zokwenza izigqibo zophuhliso lwentlalo noloqoqosho.
Ngokutsho kweLocal Agenda 21 neHabitat Agenda yamazwe ngamazwe, "uphuhliso lufanele luxhase ubomi basekuhlaleni namandla luze lusasaze iingenelo zophuhliso ngokulinganayo, ukuze ezi ziqhubeke zifumaneka kangangexesha elide". Inkqubela yoqoqosho eqhubekayo ngokuqhelekileyo ijongwa njengengazinzanga ngaphandle kokuba yanelisa kwaye yandisa iinkqubo zemeko-bume nophuhliso lwasekuhlaleni.
Isixeko saseCuritiba kumaZantsi eBrazil siye sanconywa ngokubanzi njengomzekelo wocwangciso oluzinzileyo nangokuthi "sisiXeko esihluphekileyo esisebenza ngokwenene".
Uphando olwenziwa kumazwe ngamazwe ngohlanganiso lusekelwe kuluvo lokuba uhlanganiso oluphuculiweyo luya kuba negalelo ekusetyenzisweni ngokuphumelela nangokufaneleke ngakumbi kobuncwane obunqongopheleyo.
Uphando olwenziwe eMzantsi Afrika nelifa lawo lenkqubela nophuhliso olungalinganiyo, nemo engokoqobo yawo yeemfuno ezingaphele ndawo nobuncwane obushokoxekileyo, mhlawumbi lunconkothe ngakumbi yaye lucace gca kunayo nayiphi na enye indawo ehlabathini. UMzantsi Afrika awunakufane ukwazi ukuzithwala iimpazamo zophuhliso ezizindleko. Kunoko, kufuneka ufikelele uhlanganiso ngocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ngembono yokubophelela ndawonye ubuncwane obushokoxekileyo belizwe kwindlela evumelanayo nesenjongweni.
Ngokutsho koMgaqo-siseko (icandelo 152 nele-153), urhulumente wengingqi wongamele inkqubo yophuhliso koomasipala, yaye wongamele ucwangciso loomasipala.
ukunikela ingqalelo ephambili kwiimfuno ezisisiseko zabemi; kunye nokukhuthaza ukubandakanyeka kwabemi basekuhlaleni.
I-WPLG iyavumelana nentsingiselo yoMgaqo-siseko njengoko ibhekisela kucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ngokucacileyo ngokuthi sisixhobo sophuhliso sikarhulumente wengingqi. Ngaphandle kokuhlobanisa ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo neziphumo zophuhliso zinto ezo ezivisisana kakhulu neenjongo ezichazwe kuMgaqo-siseko, iWPLG yandlala isizathu sokuba ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lugqalwa njengesixhobo sokufikelela ezi njongo.
kuqinisekisa uhlanganiso oluyimfuneko namanye amacandelo oburhulumente, luya kuba sisixhobo sonxibelelwano nentsebenziswano nawo; yaye kuba sisiseko sonxibelelwano phakathi kukarhulumente wengingqi namaziko asekuhlaleni/abahlali.
IMSA iyangqina ukuba ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo luyimfuneko esemthethweni. Ngokubhekisele kwinjongo yayo ibhekisela kuMgaqo-siseko.
Ngokubhekisele kwisakhelo esisemthethweni neenkqubo, phezu kwalo nje iwonga lalo elisemthethweni, kucacile ukuba ucwangciso lophuhliso loomasipala oluhlangeneyo lona ngokwalo alusona isiphelo, koko lusisixhobo esiyimfuneko sokunceda urhulemente wengingqi afikelele iziphumo okanye iinjongo zakhe zophuhliso.
ukusondela kwakhe ngentelekiso kumaziko asekuhlaleni nabahlali, iindawo neemeko zengingqi; kunye nokuba yindawo efanelekileyo yokunxibelelanisa utyalo-mali kunye nemisebenzi yamacandelo nabantu ababandakanyekileyo abahlukahlukeneyo ngokuvumelana nendawo kunye nexesha.
Bambi abantu bayathandabuza enoba kufanelekile kusini na uuchitha ubuncwane obungakumbi nexesha kusenziwa ucwangciso ngoxa abantu belinde ngenkxalabo ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso.
Bambi abantu bayathandabuza enoba kuwufanele na umgudu ukwenza zonke ezi zicwangciso ngoxa phantse kungekho nabuphi na ubuncwane bophuhliso obufumanekayo, ngokukodwa kwinkoliso yoomasipala.
Abanye bayathandabuza enoba ucwangiso ngenene lusisixhobo esiluncedo sokufikelela iziphumo zophuhliso.
Amagosa amaninzi kumaphondo nesizwe basatyekele ekucingeleni ukuba ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo luxhomekeke ngokukhethekileyo kulwabiwo-mali nemisebenzi karhulumente wengingqi.
Ngenxa yokuhlobana ngokusondeleyo kwayo neLDO, abantu abaninzi (ngokukodwa amagosa karhulumente wengingqi) anxulumanisa ucwangciso lophuhliso olusondeleyo nocwangciso olubanzi olungenanto yakwenza itheni neembopheleleko zawo. Ngaloo ndlela, ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lushiyelwa kwicandelo elithile.
Koomasipala abaninzi, injongo eyintloko yokuyila ii-IDP (ngaphandle kwesibakala sokuba kuyimfuneko esemthethweni) kukuqulunqa uluhlu lwamaphulo otyalo-zimali ukuze bafune izimali zenkxaso ngaphandle, ngokukodwa amaphulo ezinto ezisisiseko axhaswa ngemali yiDPLG.
Ukutolikwa phosakeleyo okunjalo noku kukhathazeka kubonisa ukuba kusafuneka ingcaciso engakumbi ngenjongo nokuba sengqiqweni kocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe abanye babo babandakanyekileyo ngokufaneleka nokuba luncedo kocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo njengesixhobo sophuhliso lwezenltlalo noqoqosho.
Injongo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kukufezekiswa kweenkonzo ngendlela ekhawuleza nefaneleke ngakumbi nokulungiselela isakhelo sophuhliso loqoqosho nentlalo kumasipala. Kukho amakhonkco amaninzi phakathi kocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo neziphumo zalo zophuhliso, afaneleke ngakumbi, ngokukodwa kumba wokuba oomasipala beneengxaki zemali, ukungxamiseka kokufezekiswa kweenkonzo, nokudala imisebenzi. Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lungaba negalelo ekususeni ilifa lophuhliso langaphambili, ukwenza ingcamango karhulumente wengingqi wophuhliso isebenze nokuqinisekisa intsebenziswano kurhulumente ophemelelayo.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo yindlela yokumisa ngokutsha izixeko, iidolophu nemimandla yethu yasemaphandleni.
Ucwangciso lwexesha loCalulo lwabethelela ingcamango yophuhliso olwahlukahlukeneyo kwiiphethini zophuhliso ezichaseleneyo.
ukuvunyelaniswa kwemigaqo yophuhliso neemeko zasekuhlaleni nekhuthaza uphuhliso oluhlangeneyo noluzinzileyo ukwenziwa kwamacebo angqalileyo najoliswe ekumisweni ngokutsha kwezixeko needolophu; kunye nokwenziwa kwesakhelo sophuhliso olubanzi nesinikela imbono ephangaleleyo ngotyalo-mali olucetywa ngurhulumente namacandelo angasese.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo yindlela yokukhuthaza ukulingana kwabantu kwezentlalo.
Inkqubo yocwangciso ivulela ithuba lothabatho-nxaxheba kwaye ivumela nenkqubo zengingqi zolawulo-melo, ukuxhotyiswa nenguqu yemo yezentlalo. Inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo iyilwe ngendlela yokuba bonke abo babandakanyekileyo nabanebango babe nelizwi kwiimbambano ezichaphazela ubomi babo.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo sisixhobo sokulwa nobuhlwempu.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lufanele lulungise imisantsa emikhulu kwezentlalo nezoqoqosho njengokucalula phakathi kweedolophu neelali kwakunye neemeko ezimbi ezichaphazela amaqela awayehlelelekile ngenxa yobuhlanga, ubuni, ubudala okanye ukukhubazeka.
Umgaqo-siseko ufundisa ukuba "umasipala umele amise aze aqondise indlela aphethe ngayo nosetyenziso-mali nezicwangciso ukuze into ephambili eqwalaselwayo ibe ziimfuno ezisisiseko zoluntu". Amacebo obuchule, amaphulo nezindululo ezidalwe ngenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso olubalaseleyo zimele zivavanywe ngokomkhamo ezifak' isandla ngayo ekuxhobiseni nasekuphuculeni iimeko abaphila phantsi kwabo abo bahlelelekileyo.
Imo elungileyo, ehlangeneyo neyothabatho-nxaxheba yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ibangela ukuba ukuncitshiswa kobuhlwempu kunikelwe ingqalelo ngeenkalo ezininzi.
ukukhuthaza uphuhliso loqoqosho lwengingqi; kunye nokulungiselela izakhelo ezibanzi ezingenisa abahlwempuzekileyo kuqoqosho.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo yindlela yokudala ubutyebi.
ukuqinisekisa ukudalwa kwemeko-bume elungele utyalo-zimali lwamacandelo angasese nokukhuthaza ngokubanzi uphuhliso loqoqosho lwengingqi; kunye nokucebisa ukungenela ngokuthe ngqo kuqoqosho, ngokomzekelo, ngokunikela iinkuthazo, ukuvelisa izinto ezisisiseko zophuhliso, nokuthenga, ukuphuhlisa nokuqashisa okanye ukuthengisa umhlaba.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lilungiselelo lokuphucula ubomi babantu ngokusekwa kamaphulo nezicwangciso ezihlangeneyo nezizinzileyo.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lwenza iinkqubo ukulungelelanisa lonke uphuhliso namacandelo.
iqinisekisa zonke iinkalo zophuhliso eziqwalasela ukuqulunqwa kwenkqubo yokuhlanganisa nomsebenzi neenkqubo.
ukunikela ubudlelane obuqinileyo kuphuhliso no kwabelana ngezinto eziqondwa ngendlela efanayo kwezona zinto ziphambili ezifana nokulwa indlala, ukuphuhliswa korhulumente wengingqi nokuphuhliswa kwemeko yezoqoqosho nokwanelisa imekobume.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lusisakhelo sobuchule sokufundisa ukuphucula ulawulo lukamasipala.
ukunikela isakhelo sobuchule kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo njengolawulo lwemicimbi yemali, ukufumana nokusebenzisa ulawulo lemihlaba.
ukunikela imfundiso ecacileyo yolawulo lomphathi kamasipala nebhunga ukunikela ukhokelo nokuqhelisela ukuphatha ngokuphathelele ukudandalaziswa kwezinto neenjongo nosukelo; no kwenza umsebenzi ophunyezwa ngabaphathi, ngokukodwa koomasipala apho kukho iindawo ezimbalwa zokuphatha.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lunguthunywashe kwinguqu karhulumente wengingqi.
Inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangenyeyo neenguqu zikarhulumente wengingqi zifana "nenkuku neqanda" ngezinye iindlela. Ezinye iindlela ezilandelwayo zeenguqu ziyafuneka ukuqiniseka ukuphumelela kwamalungiselelo nokusebenza kwenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Noko ke inkqubo yocwangciso izibandakanya nokugqiba ngobuchule nemisebenzi efuna ukulungiswa kokwakhiwa kukamasipala.
Inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ifanele isebenzise iindlela eziya kuqinisekisa ukuba oomasipala bayakwazi ukufezekisa izithembiso, imisebenzi neenkqubo eziboniswe ziinkqubo zokucangcwisa. Ezi nkqubo zokucwangcisa ziyakukhulisa iindlela ezaziwayo zenguqu ngokuvisisana nezinto eziphambili neenjongo ukuze zisebenze ngokuzeleyo kuphuhliso lukarhulumente omtsha.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lijelo lokutsala utyalo mali.
Inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo iyakuvulela amathuba okuba nentembelo kutyalo mali ngokunaba ngakumbi kwimiba ecacileyo nekuvunyelwene kuyo yezemali nezicwangciso zotyalo mali.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo luthetha ukwazisa umasipala, amaphondo, uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lukazwelonke neenkqubo kunye namaziko anika imali, abahlali bakamasipala nabanina ongowangaphandle ofuna ukutyala imali kummandla kamasipala. Isenokuba ngurhulumente wangaphandle okanye oqukayo wangaphandle wengingqi . Inkqubo yocwangciso ifanele ivelise umsebenzi noyilo olufanelekileyo eliya kukhawulezisa ukukhula nokusetyenziswa kwemali ngamaqumrhu awahlukeneyo. Oku kuya kubangela ukuba inkqubo yocwangciso oluhlangeneyo lwenze izakhelo zotyalo mali ngokwenza usukelo nexesha elimiselweyo lokuphumeza imisebenzi neenkqubo ezithile.
EMzantsi Afrika imali eninzi ikhona ukuze ixhase imisebenzi kwizinga lengingqi enokusetyenziswa. Oku kungenxa yokungabikho koyilo lomsebenzi ofanelekileyo okanye ucwangciso lezoshishino. Abo babolekisa ngemali bezizwe ngezizwe balangazelela uyilo lwemisebenzi. Uhlobo olunjalo loyilo (olungaphaya nje koludwe lweentlokwana zoko kunqwenelwayo) bafuna ucwangciso. Ngalo ndlela, ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso ezibalulekileyo asiyo mali kodwa kukucwangcisa ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lusisixhobo sokuqinisekisa ukuba ubuncwane babiwa ngendela eyiyo.
I-IDPs zenza oomasipala ukuba babeke esikalini iimbopheleleko zabo ngokocwangciso babeke izinto eziphambili zeenkqubo nokunikelwa kobuncwane. Kumbandela wokungalingani okukhulu, i-IDPs zisebenza njengesakhelo sikamasipala sokubeka izinto eziphambili ngokwamanyathelo azo ukuphumeza iimfuno zongxamiseko, ngoxa ukumisela kwezoqoqosho ngokubanzi, nezakhiwo zikamasipala nezentlalo kuhleli kukho.
Apho ubuncwane (bezemali) buyintabalala, ibancinaneka kakhulu imfuneko yokucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo. Ukanti xa ubuncwane bunqongophele ucwangciso olufanelekileyo luyafuneka ukucingela ukuba obu buncwane bufanele busetyenziswe ngendlela eyiyo neyingenelo. Imigangatho ebekwe kwangaphambili idla ngokuba yeyexabiso elixhomileyo koomasipala, abangenamali. Ukucwangcisa kuzisa izisombululo, ngokuthi zivavanye ezinye iindlela zokusombulula inkqubo yothatho nxaxheba. Uluntu olungamahlwempu alunako ukumelane neemeko apho lungekhoyo ucwangciso. I-IDP incedisa umasipala ekwabeleni ubuncwane igqala indlela exhasayo.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo luyinqwelo mafutha ekhawulezisa ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso.
ukuqiniseka ngolawulo olufanelekileyo nolusemgangathweni nokusetyenziswa kwemali nobuncwane babantu ukuxhasa ukusebenza; no kunciphisa iimeko apho iingxowa mali zabelwa ukwenza iminikelo yenkonzo zingenakusetyenziswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngenxa yokungqongophala komsebenzi osemgangathweni nosengqiqweni ocetywayo waza wamkelwe.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lusisixhobo zokuphendula kwezopolitika nentonga yokulinganisa ukusebenza kukamasipala.
uluntu lunokusebenzisa i-IDP njengentonga yokulinganisa ukusebenza kwabezopolitiko; no kuba amabhunga anokuyisebenzisa njengento yokulinganisa ukusebenza kolawulo nokunika imvume yezopolitiko.
Urhulumente wengingqi uya kuthi gqolo acele umngeni ukukhuthaza izigqibo zophuhliso kwimeko yobuncwane obusikelwe umda. Inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ifanele inike igunya lengingqi injongo ecacileyo nesakhelo esicacileyo ukukhokela kwizigqibo zophuhliso nokwenza isiseko ukulinganisa ukusebenza kukamasipala.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo luyindlela yolungelelwano nokulungelelanisa phakathi kwamanqanam karhulumente.
I-IDPs zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuhlangana kwemisetyenzana yorhulumente wengingqi namanye amanqanam okuphuhlisa ucwangciso kwinqanaba lamaphondo, uzwelonke nakwizizwe ngezizwe, ngokusebenza njengesiseko sokunxibelelana nokusebenza kunye.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo luyindlela yolungelelwano nokulungelelanisa phakathi kwinqanaba likarhulumente.
Kanye phakathi kumasipala i-IDP idlala indima yokunikela ngesiseko ukubophelela phakathi kwamagosa, amabhunga, abemi nabanye abanebango. Ekubeni oku kubophelela kuqwalasela izinto ezixhalabisayo njengokwabiwa kohlahlo lwabiwo mali, kufanele kwenze ngaphezulu ngakumbi nje kunokuthetha. Kwixesha elidana noko oku kubophelela kufanele kukhuthaze unxibelelwano oluqinileyo lwasekuhlaleni, nokwenza ubuhlobo obuya kwenza ukuba achazwe ngokutsha "umasipala" kuMthetho wokwenene Weenkqubo zikaMasipala.
Ii-IDP zisebenza ngengesiseko esibophelelayo phakathi kukarhulumente wengingqi nabemi kwizinga lengingqi, nakwabo banebango abahlukeneyo namaqela anomdla. Uthatho- nxaxheba nokuphendula kukarhulumente kuba nentsingiselo kuphela ukuba kuphethe imiba eqinileyo, izicwangciso nokwabiwa kwemithombo.
I-WPLG (oko kutsho iPhepha leNgxelo-ngqangi kaRhulumente lorhulumente wengingqi) ngaphantsi kwecandelo B "kuphuhliso lorhulumente wengingqi", ithi zonke izikhokelo zenkqubo yomgaqo kazwelonke zifanelekile kurhulumente wengingqi. Zisekelwe ngokubanzi kumgaqo-siseko nakumgaqo wenkqubo kazwelonke onjengeNkqubo yoKwakha ngokutsha noPhuhliso (RDP) noKukhula, iNgqesho noLwabiwo (GEAR). Zithi zenze isakhelo koko kuqulethwe yiIDP.
Ukufundiswa ngeemfuno zabantu.
Ukulwa indlala kunikelwa ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwabo bahlelelekileyo neqela elingafumani mathuba nokungabi namkhethe ngokwesini.
Ukulondoloza imeko-bume ekhuselekileyo nenempilo.
Ukukhula kwemeko yezoqoqosho ngokudala imivuzo namathuba engqesho.
Ukubandakanya abahlali, uluntu kwanabo banamabango.
Ukulondoloza iinkonzo, oomasipala nezentlalo.
nokuqwalaselwa kwemeko yokwexeshana nesisigxina yokuhlala.
Njengoko ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lunegalelo kwezentlalo nakuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho, lumele lunikele ingqalelo kule migaqo.
AMAVA OCWANGCISO LOPHUHLISO OLUHLANGENEYO XA KUNAMHLANJE II-IDP ezininzi ezaphuhliswayo ngowe-1998/1999 azizange zizivelele ezi zizikhokelo nemigaqo, okanye naziphina izibakala zezinto ekubhekiselwe kuzo. Iinkalo ezifana nokwahlukana ngokwentlalo (umz. iqela elihlelelekileyo okanye iyantlukwano ngokwesini), ukukwazi ukuphila ngokufanelekileyo nokuzixhasa zonke ezo zinto akhange zisiweso. Kubonakala ukuba belungekho ulwazi olungendlela yokuqwalasela ezo zikhokelo zenkqubo nemigaqo, kwisicwangciso senkqubo.
Ngaphandle nje kokungena kwiinkcukacha zemigaqo neemfundiso, le migaqo-nkqubo inokunikela ukhokelo nolwalathiso ngeendlela zokuqwalasela uphuhliso lwezikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo nemithetho-siseko kucwangciso lukamasipala oluhlangeneyo.
nokuqinisekisa ukuba iindlela ezichanekileyo ngokuphathelele kwiindlela zokulungiselela iimfuno ezinxulumene neenkonzo ezisisiseko.
Namanye amazwi: I-IDP imele inike impendulo engqalileyo ngokomlinganiselo efuna ukuziphucula ngayo iindlela ezifanelekileyo zeemfuno ezisisiseko ukwanelisa abantu.
ukuquka ukuzinziswa kweengxaki kwiimeko zentlalo nezoqoqosho nokulingana ngokwesini.
nokuchonga amaqela athwaxwa linxele likaKhetsekile namanye amaqela aneengxaki ezikhethekileyo ezimele zisingathwe.
ukukhuthaza ukuba nenxaxheba kwamaqela athwaxwa bubuhlwempu, amaqela aneengxaki ezikhethekileyo, amabhinqa, ulutsha njl., kwinkqubo kawonke- wonke ngabameli abasemthethweni, okanye abantu abafanelekileyo abanolwazi.
ukunikela ingqalelo kubuhlwempu nemibandela engokwesini xa kuyilwa imisebenzi iindleko, indawo, nokufakelwa njl.
nokuyila inkqubo yoluhlu lwamaxabiso erhafu kunikelwa ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kubuni nakubuhlwempu.
II-IDP zimele ziphendule ngegalelo elilindelekileyo lokusombulula imeko yobuhwempu, ukungabikho kobulungisa ngokwesini nenkxalabo enzulu yengxaki yamaqela, nendlela afuna ukuyizinzisa ngayo umasipala le mibandela.
ukuhlola ezinye iindlela ngokuqwalasela igalelo lazo kwimekobume nokuqwalasela iinkalo zemeko bume xa kusenziwa uyilo.
Ngamafuphi, ii-IDP zimele ziphendule kumasipala ngendlela aya kujongana ngayo neengxaki zemekobume nokuphepha igalelo elingalunganga kwimekobume.
ukugqiba ngokwemilinganiselo yokuphucula imeko yamaziko yabatyali zimali babucala nemisetyenzana eyenziwa ngamaziko angagunyaziswanga nokugqiba ngemimandla yeenkonzo zikamasipala zobuhlakani nangamanyathelo okukhuthaza ubuhlakani.
Imigaqo ebandakanya abahlali, ibutho loluntu nabo banebango kuzo zonke iinkqubo zoomasipala iza kuqhutywa ngokweenkcukacha kwisahluko sesi-9 kolu yilo lomgaqo-nkqubo.
kugqitywe ngezinye iindlela zobuchule ngokusekelwe kwiindlela zokuzixhasa kunikelwe ingqalelo kwinkxaso yemali xa kuyilwa umsebenzi (iinkonzo ezisemgangathweni, njalo njalo.).
Ngamafuphi: ii-IDP zimele zikuphephe ukuzalisa uludwe nje lewminqweno, zimele zibenendlela ecacileyo eza kuziphumeza ngayo iinkonzo zikamasipala nokonga iindleko kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwimeko efikelelekayo nezinzileyo.
IWPLG iba yechanekileyo ekwabeni iindima noxanduva, nendlela ezifanele zisebenzelane ngazo. Ifuna indlela efanayo emanyeneyo okanye elungeleleneyo yokusebenzelana, kunendlela nje enye ukusuka entla ukuya ezantsi nokusuka ezantsi ukuya entla. Kolu manyano, ucwangciso lwasekuhlaleni lumele lwaziswe nguzwelonke/ okanye yimigaqo-nkqubo yamaphondo, indlela zokusebenza nemigangatho, kodwa izicwangciso zezinye izigaba zikarhulumente zimele zihlanganiswe kwinqanaba lasekuhlaleni kunikelwa ingqalelo kwiimfuno zasekuhlaleni, izinto izingoondoqo nobuncwane.
Oku kusebenza kwiinkqubo zamaziko ezahlukeneyo. Ngeli xesha iWPLG inikela ubume obucacileyo korhulumente ayitsho ngokungqalileyo ukuba oku kuthetha ntoni kumxokelelwano wophuhliso locwangciso.
IMSA (uyilo13-4-2000) ayinabi, isithi 'umba ocetywayo ngoomasipala umele luhambisane noko kucetywayo ngokophuhliso nezinye zezinto ezichaphazela umasipala, amalungu/imibutho karhulumente yephondo ame kulo umasipala, amalungu kazwelonke...
Akayidandalazizi le meko yolu lungelelwano enokubonwa kuphela njengenkqubo edibeneyo, njengoko unikwe inkqubo yocwangciso efunwa kuphela yiMSA ingazuzwa njani.
Ithande ukulubeka olu xanduva lolungelelaniso kumasipala ngokumcela alungelelanise isicwangciso ukuba asilungelelananga nezicwangciso zophuhliso neendlela zobuchule zeminye imibutho yombuso.
nokuyila kakuhle nokubethelelwa kwenkqubo yocwangciso yoorhulumente abahlukeneyo enokwenza ii-IDP zibe nefuthe kwezinye izigaba zikarhulumente (kuquka icandelo lamasebe) ngendela ezichitha ngayo iingxowa mali zazo koomasipala.
Ukuba zonke izinto eziyimfuneko azifumaneki, i-IDP iya kufana nesixhobo esingenamazinyo okanye uqheliselo olungenamsebenzi ngokubhekiselele ekufezekisweni kwezithembiso nezinto ezixabisekileyo kwinqanaba lasekuhlaleni.
Ikwakho nenye ingxaki, ngokuphathelele kukwabelwa kwabangaphantsi kwamagunya nenkqubo yokucetywa koorhulumente abahlukeneyo.
kuxhomekeke kwiindlela ezingachazwanga zokunikela ingxowa mali ukuba isebenze kwimisebenzi eyilwayo, inkqubo yokhuthazo kumabhunga eengingqi iya kungqubana nemithetho ecetywayo. Kunoko kumele kujongwe kwindlela yokonga iindleko njengesisombululo nokwenza iindlela zokhetho zisebenziseke ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo. Le nkqubo yokhuthazo ityhafisa nawaphi na amalinge ngokuba isebenzise kakuhle imithombo yobutyebi enqabileyo.
Izikhokelo zophuhliso zikazwelonke nemigaqo zifanele zazise ucwangciso lophuhliso ngazo zonke iimeko.
Imeko nganye inendlela yayo eyahlukileyo yemisebenzi yophuhliso nemisebenzi yocwangciso ehambelana nendlela yemisebenzi nommandla wolawulo.
Izidingo, oondoqo nemithombo yabahlali bakamasipala neemeko zengingqi, kuya kufuneka zazise inkqubo yocwangciso kuwo onke amasebe karhululumente nawo onke amacandelo ukuya kufikelela kwindlela yokusebenza okanye ukunikela ngemali kwimisebenzi ekwinqanaba lengingqi.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo loomasipala njengesixhobo sokuhlanganisa ukusebenza ngokweszelizwe nexesha ifanele yazise kwaye yaziswe, ngokucetywa kwezinye iizigaba zikarhulumente, kuquka amacandelo/amasebe ocwangciso.
Isivumelwano solungelelwano phakathi kwemithetho-siseko kazwelonke/izikhokelo, iimfuno zezicwangciso ngokwamacandelo (imigangatho yobugcisa bamaphondo) izidingo zengingqi, iimeko nemithombo, zimele ziphunyezwe ngu "mthetho-siseko wemali yelizwe". Ngokwalo mthetho-siseko, izigqibo kumanqanaba awahlukeneyo karhulumente zimele zivumelane kwaye zibophelele. Umzekelo, urhulumente wengingqi umele abe nenxaxheba xa kusenziwa izigqibo ngeenkqubo zikazwelonke okanye zamaphondo nanini na izigqibo zichaphazela imeko yasekuhlaleni. Ezi zigqibo ziyabophelela kwinqanaba lasekuhlaleni kuzwelonke nakumaphondo kwaye kumelwe kwaziswe ingingqi leyo ngendlela ezihlanganiswe ngayo ezi zigqibo. Izigqibo ezilolo hlobo ziza kuhlolwa ukuba ziyavisisana na nezigqibo zikazwelonke okanye zamaphondo, ngamalungu amaphondo okanye kazwelonke apho ingingqi ifanele imelwe.
Le mithetho-siseko ibonisa ukucwangcisa izinto ngomanyano ukusuka kwabo baphezulu nabasezantsi nabo basezantsi nabaphezulu ngendlela yobulumko.
iindlela zobuchule ezibanzi ezingendawo (iindawo ekujoliswe kuzo).
Ulungelelaniso nokumiswa ngokubaluleka kodweliso lweenkqubo nohlahlo lwabiwo- mali phakathi kwamacandelo ngokuvisisana nesakhelo.
Ngokwembono yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo, ayikho imfuneko yamacandelo amaninzi ophuhliso lukazwelonke. Kodwa linokuba khona icandelo locwangciso lokuzalisa imali, ngenjongo yokunceda uwonke- wonke neenkonzo zamasebe kazwelonke namaphondo.
nesakhelo sesithuba sawo onke amacandelo noomasipala.
Isakhelo samaphondo sinokuquka izinto ezingqalileyo zendlu yowiso-mthetho kazwelonke ephathelele kwizinto ezithile ezifunekayo ezichazwe kakuhle ezibonakalayo kwiimeko zeenginqi.
Ulungelelaniso lodweliso lweenkqubo zamacandelo nezithili kunye nolungelelwano phakathi kocwangciso lukamasipala nocwangciso lwamacandelo.
amagunya asekuhlaleni angawombutho nemixokelelwano yolawulo nokubeka esweni nokusebenza kwemixokelelwano yolawulo.
Iindawo zikarhulumente wengingqi nguyena ndoqo kwindima yophuhliso nocwangciso.
Kwindawo yokhuphiswano yeemfuno zabantu namalungelo aphambili ezi meko zasekuhlaleni zimele zinxulumane, nezikhokelo zikazwelonke namacandelo anikelwe ingqalelo, kwimisebenzi ekhethekileyo neezicwangciso.
Oku kunxulumana kufanele kulandele umthetho-siseko wokuvisisana kwenkcazelo nokuhlolisiswa nokulungelelana phakathi kwezigaba, kunokuba ibe yinkcazelo ecalanye.
Izakhelo zikazwelonke nezamaphondo zibandakanya abameli abasuka kwezinye iindawo zikarhulumente. Ezi zakhelo (ziquka izinto ezifunekayo zocwangciso olusemthethweni zamacandelo awahlukeneyo) ukwazisa ucwangciso lukamasipala.
Imiba efanelekileyo ekhethekileyo yecandelo lamasebe (kumaphondo nakuzwelonke) ukunikela ukhokelo okanye/nokwenza izifundo ngocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Ukudibana kunyanzelekile phakathi koomasipala nabameli abasuka kumaphondo nakumanqanaba kazwelonke oko kuya kulungiselelwa kwizithili/ nakumanqanaba eengingqi.
Ii-IDP (zincanyatheliswe izicwangciso zecandelo ngokweemfuneko) ziya kungeniswa kwiLungu leSigqeba soLawulo (MEC) ukuze urhulumente wengingqi azihlole.
ukuhlola ukuba amaphulo neenkqubo eziyiliweyo zingenzeka ngokolungelelwano neekomiti ezenziwe ngabameli bamasebe amaphondo nakazwelonke (esekelwe kumagqabantshintshi abhaliweyo).
Ilungu lesigqeba lephondo (iMEC) linokuwaba lo msebenzi lize ngokwemisebenzi yolungelelaniso liwahlulele iikomiti ezincinane kumanqanaba ezithili/eengingqi.
ukwenzeka nokuphila komsebenzi okanye iinkqubo ezilandelwayo; ne nezigqibo ezenziweyo ngokuphathelele kukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziyiliweyo kumaphondo /kuzwelonke ngamacandelo ohlahlo lwabiwo- mali.
Iziphumo zale nkqubo yolungelelwano zifanele zazise izicwangciso/uhlahlo lwabiwo mali lwamaphondo namacandelo amaphondo abandakanyekileyo.
v. Amacandelo amasebe (amaphondo/kazwelonke) aya kunika imali/okanye aphumeze imisebenzi/iinkqubo ku okanye nomasipala, ngokuhambisana nokuzinikela nangokwabiwa ekuvunyelwene ngako ngeendima noxanduva.
Kuxhomekeke kwimimiselo yephondo elo ukugqiba ukuba ezi ndlela zenziwa ngonxibelelwano olufuna iintlanganiso ezihlangeneyo. Oku kufanele kwenziwe ngomoya wokugcina ulawulo nemigudu ikwinqanaba elilawulekayo.
nokwazisa ngohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kucwangciso lwezoshishino lukamasipala nolwamasebe amaphondo nakazwelonke.
I-MSA ithi inkqubo yophuhliso imele ihambisane nezicwangciso zamacandelo amaphondo okanye akazwelonke neemfuno zocwangciso. Kukwamiswela nokuba indlela enye yocwangciso, equkayo nayo ifanele ithatyathwe ihlanganiswe kucwangiciso lolawulo.
Icandelo lowiso mthetho kuzwelonke liqulathe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezifunekayo kumasipala ukuze kwenziwe izicwangciso.
e Iimfuno ezisemthethweni zokwenza izicwangciso eziqinisekileyo njengezicwangcios zophuhliso lweenkonzo zamanzi.
g Imfuno yokuba ucwangciso luthathwe njengelungu le, okanye inxalenye ye IDP njengeendela zobuchule noko kujoliswe kuko kulwabiwo lwezindlu.
Imfuno yocwangciso olukhethekileyo Ucwangciso lophuhliso lwamanzi (WSDP), ucwangciso lwezothutho oluhlanganisiweyo (ITP), isicwangciso solawulo lwemeko yogutyulo ehlanganisiweyo (IWMP), Iinjongo zophuhliso lomhlaba (LDO)-ithathwe indawo yazo ziimfuno zezicwangciso zezithuba njengenxalenye ye-IDP.
Igalelo elongeza ixabiso I-Ajenda 21 yengingqi.
Oomasipala aba bebekade bedidekile kwindlela yokusebenzisa iimfuno zemigaqo engokwasemthethweni nemiyalelo ebambekayo. Bambalwa kakhulu oomasipala abakhe bazama ukwenza ulungelelwano phakathi kweenkonzo zophuhliso zamanzi nocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo, umzekelo. Abo bakwenzayo oko bakufumanisa kunzima kakhulu. Okwesibini nokona kuqheleke ngakumbi, ukongezelela kubunzima obuvelayo kwiimfuno ezisemthethweni zecandelo loko kucetywayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwamacandelo akuzange kuphunyezwe. Kwezinye iindawo oku kwakhe kwazanywa kodwa uqheliselo lwamandulo nokungabikho kokusondelelana kwemigaqo yamacandelo kwawenza wantsonkotha umsebenzi lowo. Ukongezelela, ukungabikho okwaneleyo kwemiyalelo yangaphambili egqityiweyo yee-IDP kwafikelela kumba wokuba oomasipala aba abazange bafika kwinqanaba lokujongana nemisebenzi ngendlela yamacandelo.
Ilinge lolungelelwano linenjongo yokuba likhokele oomasipala ukuzalisa iinjongo zezicwangciso ezibekwa ngurhulumente kazwelonke kumacandelo amasebe. Eli linge alinyatheli kumba weemfuno ezisemthethweni- liyindlela esetyenziswayo yencwadana yesikhokelo. Lisebenza kwizinto ezisele zikho ezisemthethweni neendlela zenkqubo nangokuthi oomasipala bangazenza iinkqubo zabo zokuceba, kwaye zivisisane neemfuno ezisemthethweni.. Umzamo wolungelelwano unenjongo yokwenza ubudlelwane nengxoxo phakathi kweIDP neenkqubo zokuceba zamacandelo.
Iiimfuno zikazwelonke ezisemthethweni zamacandelo ziyahluka ngokuma.
Isebe leMicimbi yeMihlaba ibingekagqibi ngePhepha lengxelo-ngqangi likarhulumente kuCwangciso loPhuhliso okanye lomthetho wokucwangciswa kwezithuba. Omnye umzekelo ngowokuba ngeli xesha iSebe licacelwe ukuba isicwangciso somhlaba sifuna ukuba sihlanganiswe kwinkqubo yeIDP, kwakungekabikho mgaqo-nkqubo wokucwangciswa kokulungiswa kwemihlaba..
Isebe leMicimbi yaManzi naMahlathi belinawo umthetho ogqityiweyo, izikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo, nezixhobo ezixhasa urhulumente wengingqi njengeencwadana zokufundisa namava okuphumeza imisebenzi. Ngaloo ndlela umzamo wokulungelelanisa iinkonzo zamanzi kwizicwangciso zophuhliso neeIDP ziphuhliswe kakuhle.
Isebe lezeMvelo noKhenketho iimfuno zalo ezivumelana neeEIP neeEMP azikayifumani ingenelo kumava okuphumeza izinto ezithile. Igalelo likarhulumente wengingqi belingacacanga.
Iimfuno zecandelo zihlanganiswe kulo mzamo kwithuba likazwelonke. Iimfuno zamaphondo azikasiwaso.
Isebe leMicimbi yaManzi namaHlathi.
Isebe leMicimbi yezeNdalo noKhenketho.
Isebe leMicimbi yeMihlaba.
Isebe loRhulumente wePhondo noweNgingqi.
Noko ke, izikhokelo zibanzi ngokwaneleyo ukuquka iimfuno ezibalulekileyo zamasebe ngendlela efanelekileyo. Oomasipala banokusebenzisa indlela yokwenza kuwo nawaphi na amacandelo njengamalungelo aphambili asekuhlaleni, kunye neemfuno zemveliso ezicwangcisiweyo. Ukuncedisa lo msebenzi, oomasipala banokufuna ukuqwalasela ngokubanzi iindlela ezimbini zala macandelo.
a Okokuqala, loo macandelo athi azifezekise izithembiso, iimveliso okanye ukuqwalasela okujoliswe kuko njengamanzi, izindlu okanye izakhiwo.
b Okwesibini, lawo achubekileyo kwiinkqubo nemigaqo njengezendalo nokucwangcisa izithuba.
Izikhokelo zolungelelwano zicwangcisa iinkqubo kumanqanaba karhulumente, oko kukuthi phakathi kwezinga likarhulumente wengingqi (nangona iimfuno ngokwazo zaqalisa kumgaqo- nkqubo kazwelonke nomthetho). Oko kuthetha ukuthi le ndlela yokwenza ayizange ithethe ngokungqalileyo ngolungelelwano phakathi kwamanqanaba karhulumente, nangona kuye kwebhekiswe kuyo xa olo lungelelwaniso lufuneka ukuze kuleugelelaniswe inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo yecandelo/IDP. Ngamanye amazwi, ulungelelwano lwamanzi, ezothutho okanye kucwangciso lwezindlu inkqubo ye-IDP ithi ibenokuqwalaselwa, ngeli xesha ulungelelwano lwecandelo lezindlu phakathi korhulumente wengingqi nowamaphondo lungasiwaso. Nangona ulungiselelo lokunika inkcazelo ngobukho bezibonenelelo zezindlu lufuneka kwinkqubo ye-IDP, oko kubonisa ucwangciso lwaminyaka le lwezindlu luhlanganiswa neIDP. Ukunxibelelana kuthelekelelwa ukuba kuluxanduva lwamacandelo ngokwawo kunokuba oko kube yinkqubo yeIDP, nangona inkqubo ye-IDP yolungelelwano iya kufaka igxalaba kakhulu kulo mba.
Isakhelo esikhoyo somgaqo nkqubo nesisemthethweni.
ukucwangcisa ukwazisa uhlahlo lwabiwo mali nokunceda ukukhawulezisa nokuphucula ukusebenza, oko kukuthi ukubonisa ngqo ubungakanani, umgangatho, ixesha, iindleko noxanduva.
ukuhlanganiswa kwamacandelo awahlukeneyo nolungelelwaniso oko kufuna ukuba ukucetywa kwenkqubo yomsebenzi kuxhaswe ngamaqela oochwepheshe amelwe kuyo yonke ikomiti ye-IDP ukuxubusha nokulungisa ukuqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso nokuvumelana neenjongo zonke nobuchule; nokuba olo cwangciso lunokuseka inkqubo yolawulo esebenzayo ye-IDP ukuba ibe yelungeleleneyo nenazo zonke iinkcukacha zamacandelo nocwangciso lobuchwepheshe.
Asiyiyo yonke imisebenzi enokuba kwizinga elifanayo nenokuba neenkcukacha ezibekelwe ixesha elilinganayo.
Imiqulu yocwangciso yophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ayifanelanga ukuba ibe nde kakhulu.
Izinto ezicwangcisiweyo kumele zifundeke lula kwimiqulu leyo ukwenzela amacandelo awahlukeneyo ulawulo nokubekwa esweni. Imele isebenze njengomqulu ekubhekiswa kuwo wezopolitiko osetyenziswa ngabo baphetheyo kwamasipala, amabhunga ukwazisa nowonke wonke onomdla, kunokuba ibe ngowabantu abakhethekileyo becandelo.
neendleko nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali.
Amalinge okulungelelanisa inkqubo yeemfuno zocwangciso oluhlangeneyo kunyanzelekile ukuba abenxamnye nokunyuselana amehlo phakathi kokuzalisa iimfuno zomthetho nokuphuhlisa amalungelo aphambili asekuhlaleni. Noko ke, oku kunyuselana amehlo kunako ukoyiswa kunokuthi kophulelwane ngokusebenzisa amabinzana athi "okusemxholweni", ulungelelwano nokuhlanganiswa "nokulungelelana nokuhamba kunye:.
Indlela osingathwa ngayo umba wolungelelwano kwamasipala uxhomekela kwimeko yokufaneleka kwecandelo elo likamasipala. Ukufaneleka kumi ngendlela icandelo eliwusingatha ngayo umbandela wamacandelo awahlukeneyo e-IDP namalungelo aphambili nemisebenzi ye-IDP. Ukuba icandelo okanye iinkalo zecandelo, zinobudlelwane namalungelo aphambili okanye imisebenzi ngoko ke, icandelo liya kuhlanganiswa kwinkqubo yocwangciso yophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Kule meko, ukuba kukho iimfuneko zomthetho zokucetywa kukumasipala ngokuphathelele kwicandelo, ngoko ezi mfuno zinokuthatyathwa njengenxalenyeyenkqubo ye-IDP.
Esi sicwangciso silandelayo sibonisa indlela icandelo elilungeleleneyo elinokwenzeka ngayo kwinqanaba ngalinye ngokwenkqubo ye-IDP. Oku kunikwe iinkcukacha ngako ngakumbi kwiNcwadana esisikhokelo 3.
Ukungena ngokubanzi koondoqo- uhlalutyo lwecandelo apho kukho ukuhambelana noondoqo beIDP.
Oomasipala kufanele bahlale beziphaphele iimfuno zamazinga awahlukeneyo, ukuvisisana nalawo sele egqityiwe nokuhlanganisa nenkqubo ezicwangcisiweyo zasekuhlaleni ezibalulekileyo. Kunyanzelekile ukuba bahlale besemfuthweni bayiqonde imithetho nemigaqo yeenkqubo egqibezela iimfuno ezithile ezithe zaphuhliswa ngelo xesha kwakuyilwa le ncwadi yesiKhokelo.
Umthetho owiswayo osebenzayo ufuna ukuba amaBhunga ezithili namaBhunga kaMasipala weNgingqi ukuba enze ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Ngokomthetho wokulungiswa kwaMaqumrhu kamasipala, isithili sikamasipala sinoxanduva lokwenza ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kuso sonke isithili sikamasipala, kuquka isakhelo socwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo sayo yonke imimandla yesithili sikamasipala. Umthetho waMaqumrhu kaMasipala uyaxela kwakhona ukuba isakhelo sibophelela kokubini isithili sikamasipala noomasipala bengingqi kummandla kamasipala.
sichonge ucwangciso neemfuno zezinto ezicwangciswayo ezibophelelayo ngokomthetho kazwelonke namaphondo kumasipala wesithili noomasipala bengingqi.
nokubona imigaqo yokucebisana phakathi kwesithili noomasipala bengingqi kwinkqubo yokuyila ii-IDP nemigaqo echaphazela iinguqu kwisakhelo.
Iimfuno ezingokwasemthethweni zifanelele zibonwe ngokobume bendawo obuthetha ulwalamano phakathi kwamabhunga esithili namabhunga engingqi. Ngoxa kwixesha elidlulileyo ngokubanzi, abo babelawula iindawo ezithile oomasipala bengingqi bedolophu, amabhunga esithili kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, kamva bebeya kwabelana ngoxanduva kwakwiindawo ezifanayo, ngenxa yokumiselwa okusondeleyo koomasipala. Ucwangciso lwengingqi nocwangciso lwesithili luya kwahluka ngokwezelizwe hayi ngokwendawo. Ulwalamano phakathi kwamaBhunga ezithili namaBhunga kaMasipala weNgingqi lufanele luguquke ngokuphawulekayo.
Ngeli xa kucacile ukuba ukucwangcisa kwesithili nokucwangcisa koomasipala bengingqi kufanele bazisane, uwiso mthetho alucaci ngendlela oku okumele kulungelelaniswe ngayo.
Kufuneka ukuba oko kubhideka kucaciswe kuze kuphetshwe khon'ukuze amabhunga amatsha abandakanyeke kucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Njengoko ulwalamano phakathi kwezikhundla zoomasipala bengingqi noomasipala besithili lusahluka kakhulu kwindawo ngeendawo, izikhokelo zifanele zibe nokujikajika, kodwa ethubeni zifanele ziqiniseke ukuba uhlobo olutsha lolwalamano phakathi kwamabhunga esithili namabhunga engingqi luyamiselwa ngokuvumelana ngolwahlulo olutsha lweendima emva kwendawo.
Kukho iindlela ezine ezibalulekileyo ezifanele zinikelwe ingqalelo ekwehlulweni okufanelekileyo kweendima ezibophelela urhulumente.
Ucwangciso olufanelekileyo lunikela iingqalelo kwizinto zokwenene neemfuno zabantu neemeko zeendawo zasekuhlaleni ezahlukeneyo. Izinga locwangciso kwinqanaba lesithili eMzantsi Afrika olumele lwenzeke iindawo apho kukho abantu abasisigidi nabakumgama ongaphezulu kwe 10 000 km ngokomlinganiselo lukhulu kakhulu kuhlobo olunjalo lwengingqi locwangciso.
Oomasipala abaninzi beengingqi bayabulaleka kakhulu ngokwezikhundla.
Kuya kuba luncedo ukuba kusetyenziswe ezinye iindlela ezicela umngeni., ezifuna imithombo enqabileyo, kwinqanaba eliphakamileyo kunokuzama ukunikela le mithombo inqabileyo nexabiso layo lixhomileyo kwindawo nganye encinane.
Izigqibo zocwangciso zimelwe ziguqulelwe ekubeni luhlahlo-lwabiwo mali nezicwangciso zamashishini kwabo baphethe ukusebenza kwazo. Inkqubo yokucwangcisa iyakuthetha ukuba nempembelelo ekusebenziseni ulawulo. Ekubeni eli khonkco libalulekile ekuphuculeni ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso, oomasipala bengingqi bafanele babandakanyeke ekucebeni imisebenzi neenkqubo.
Izinga lesithili liya kuba liqonga lengxoxo apha ulungelelwaniso lwengingqi ezahlukeneyo lolungelelwano phakathi koomasipala bengingqi amasebe amacandelo amaphondo/kazwelonke amele abenenxaxheba.
Umgangatho wokuceba imisetyenzana phakathi kwesithili noomasipala bengingqi uyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba imisetyenzana yokuceba ibakho neemveliso zibakho ngexesha elinye khona ukuze ukusingatha kunye noxanduva koomasipala kuzokuthatyathwa ngabo bonke abo babophelelekileyo, ngexesha elinye. Le indlela yokwenza iza kuphepha ukwenza into efanayo yeenkqubo ezihlangeneyo nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwezikhundla esebenzelanayo yoluntu. Iya kuqinisekisa ukucebisana phakathi koomasipala bengingqi noomasipala besithili kwisigqibo esichaphazela nesibabophelela kunye.
Ukwahlulahlulwa kwezona ndima ziziintloko noxanduva koomasipala besithili nabengingqi kucwangciso lamanqanaba kwandlalwe kwesi sicwangciso singezantsi.
Ukuchaza umbono wengingqi nezona njongo.
Ukuba nenxaxheba kumsebenzi wokufundisana wendlela yobuchule kwinqanaba lesithili.
Ukuqulunqa iiNkqubo eziHlangeneyo zengingqi zokulawula uphumezo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-IDP yamkelwe libhunga lengingqi.
Ukugqiba nezinga lemiba yesithili, iingxaki, ukubonisa isakhono namalungelo aphambili.
Ukuhlanganisa uhlalutyo lweziphumo zesithili noomasipala bengingqi nokuchaza imiba ekuvisiswana ngayo yamalungelo aphambili.
Ukuchaza umbono wesithili neenjongo.
Ukwenza isiganeko sokusebenza ngokuhlangeneyo koomasipala basekuhlaleni nabadlala iindima eziphambili kumaphondo nakuzwelonke ngokuthi balungiselele isakhelo ukulungelelanisa ubuchule.
Ukuyila amaphulo ebhunga engingqi ngendlela yobuchule nganye.
Ukuqulunqa iiNkqubo ezihlangeneyo zesithili zokulawula uphumezo.
Ukuqiniseka ukuba i-IDP yamkelwe liBhunga lesiThili.
Ukulungelelanisa ii-IDP nomasipala kwibhunga lesithili kwimimandla nakumanye amanqanaba karhulumente.
I-WPLG igxininisa imfuneko yenguqulelo kwinkqubo yolawulo lukamasipala ngaphandle kokuceba naluphi na uhlengahlengiso olulungiselelweyo. Ukunikela ingqalelo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kushiyelwa kumasipala lowo ukuba aphuhlise ukucetywa kocwangciso lwamalungiselelo afanelekileyo. Ngokukodwa kuphuhliso lwe-IDP, i-WPLG icinezela ukuba le nkqubo "ingasiwa" kubacebisi, kodwa "ifanele ilawulwe apha koomasipala ukuvulela indlela ucwangciso lobuchule oluhambela phambili kumba wolawulo, nokwakhiwa kolungelelwano nobudlelwane phakathi kwabaphathi nabasebenzi, ukukhulisa ulwalamano oluhle lwemisebenzi" (WPLG, p.28).
Ngeli xa iWPLG ifuna ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ukuba lulawulwe phakathi kumasipala ngaphandle kokuchaza ukuba ngubani iMSA yona ithande ukungqala kulo mba. Ithi Ikomiti Elawulalyo yebhunga likamasipala (okanye uSodolophu, okanye -ukuba abakho bobabini ikomiti enyuliweyo okanye amabhunga) afanele alawule uyilo lwe-IDP luze lwabele olu xanduva umlawuli kamasipala.
Umoya wesakhelo esingokwasemthethweni sezopolitiko ucacile: Ii-IDP zifanele zibe nenxaxheba kulawulo lukamasipala nenkqubo ehlangeneyo yokuceba nokufezekiswa kwezithembiso. Uxanduva oluzeleyo lungaphakathi kumasipala namalungu akhe.
Oomasipala abaninzi bayazihambisa ii-IDP zabo ukuba le misebenzi isingathwe ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwindlela yenkqubo kamasipala eqhelekileyo. Ulawulo lukamasipala, okanye amabhunga okanye zombini, bezingabandakanyekanga kule nkqubo.
Le ndlela yokusingatha umsebenzi wocwangciso ithe ngokuyinxalenye yabakho ngenxa yokudideka ngokuphathelele kwiindima noxanduva loomasipala. Okungakumbi, oomasipala abaninzi bebexhalabile ngocelomgeni loyilo lwee-IDP ngokwalo, obekunokudlulela ngaphaya kwamandla abo ngokwemigqaliselo yexesha nomgangatho wemfundo.
yokulawula inkqubo yokucwangcisa nokunika ucwangciso olusemgangathweni neenkonzo ezincedisayo.
Ngeli xa kukhatywa izinto ezilindelweyo ezingekho ngqiqweni eziye zaba luphuhliso lwabacwangcisi, abaphathi boomasipala abaninzi bakuphephile ukumelana nezinto ezicela umngeni zabacwangcisi abalawulayo, nokulungiselela isicwangciso senkqubo.
Ukwabiwa kweendima noxanduva olungaphakathi kucwangciso lwenkqubo kamasipala kumele kukhokelwe yimigaqo yedemokhrasi kwelinye icala, ize ibe yimigaqo ekhokelayo enjongo yayo ijoliswe kwinkqubo ehlangeneyo yokuceba nokufezekisa izithembiso.
Idemokhrasi entsha eMzantsi Afrika imela udityaniso phakathi kwenkqubo emela idemokhrasi , apho amalungu anyuliweyo njengamabhunga amele enze isigqibo okanye avumele izigqibo, aze asebenzisane , athethathethane ngohlobo lwedemokhrasi, apho izigqibo ekufikwa kuzo zifuna ingxoxo kawonke-wonke neenkqubo zothethathethwano.
inkqubo ayiyonkqubo yokucwangcisa kurhulumente kamasipala, kodwa liqonga lengxoxo apho iingxoxo nothethathethwano lwenziwa khona ngabantu abahlukeneyo abanebango kumasipala, nokwenza isigqibo sokugqibela nokubopheleleka kwibhunga likamasipala njengequmrhu elinyuliweyo elifanele liphendule kuwonke wonke ngokusebenza kwemithombo kawonke wonke.
Ukumiselwa kwenqkubo ehlangeneyo yokucwangcisa nokufezekisa izithembiso (okanye ukucwangcisa nokulawula ukusebenza) kufuna ukubandakanyeka okuzeleyo kwabo baphathi balawulayo kwinkqubo yocwangciso lukamasipala.
le nkqubo imele iphathwe ngumntu osuka phakathi kurhulumente kamasipala, omela uMlawuli kaMasipala (CEO), owabelwe amandla okuba afumane bonke abasebenzi abafanelekileyo ngaphakathi kwibhodi karhulumente kamasipala, nokuba kufanele kubekho amacandelo ahlukeneyo ekomiti ye-IDP okanye iqela labasebenzi emele iquke iintloko zamasebe kamasipala kwaye ubuncinane ibe ngabo masipala bahlala kwiKomiti Ephetheyohi njengesisekoi sokwenza inguqu kwiziko kulawulo lukamasipala.
Ngaphandle kokuba ziye zazalisekiswa izinto kwangaphambili, ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lunokuba nethuba elincinane kakhulu lokuba sisixhobo esisebenzayo kulawulo lwabantu nophuhliso lorhulumente wengingqi.
Ukwahlulwa kweendima noxanduva kunokwahluka phakathi kweentlobo zoomasipala, ngokokufumaneka kwabantu nemithombo yeziko elo. Ukuba nje kuhambelana nemithetho-siseko, ukunikezwa kweendima noxanduva kubantu abadlala iindima eziphambili kunokuba nomahluko kancinane. Ngaphaya koko, indima ecetywayo yokwahlulwa iya kusebenza njengencwadana esisikhokelo kuluhlu B loomasipala.
Uk yo Ukulungiselela uyilo lwephulo elicetywayo.
nokuvumela oomasipala babeke phambili iinkqubo nokunikela ngobuncwane.
Ngamafuphi: Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lufuna ukuba lucetywe kakuhle, luhlalutywe, kusetyenziswe iindela zobuchule kwaziswe kwaneenjongo zokwenza isigqibo kwimiba ephathelele kukuphuhliso lukamasipala.
Ukuhlola imeko eqhubekayo ngoku yezentlalo, uqoqosho nezinto zokwemvelo zokwenene kummandla kamasipala-izinto zokwenene eziqhubekayo.
Ukugqiba ngeemfuno zoluntu ngokucebisana okusondeleyo.
Ukubeka phambili ezi mfuno ngokoludwe longxamiseko nangokubaluleka ngokwexesha elide.
Uphuhliso lesakhelo esihlanganisiweyo nezinto ekujoliswe kuzo ukuphumeza iimfuno.
Ukwenza iindlela zobuchule ukuphumeza iinjongo ngexesha elimisiweyo.
Ukufezwa kwemisebenzi neenkqubo ukuphumeza ezona zinto zisukelwayo ziyintloko.
Ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokubeka esweni ukulinganisela igalelo nomsebenzi.
Ngeli xa ingcamango enge-IDP ingekokwenza ucwangciso oluhlangeneyo noluntsonkothileyo, oomasipala abanako ukucwangcisa yonke into ngokweenkcukacha kunyaka wabo wokuqala. Kunoko, ii-IDP zifanele zixhobise oomasipala ukuba bakwazi ukubeka izinto eziphambili ngendlela enobuchule nengqalileyo ngemisetyenzana nemithombo. Umzamo wokuceba ontsonkothe kakhulu unokuzala ucwangciso olungekho ngqiqweni olingenamithombo yabantu neyemali ukuze luphunyezwe.
Umbuzo wokuba sifanele sintsonkothe kanjani isiphumo nokuba sifanele sibe neenkcukacha ezinjani iinkqubo zemveliso zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo usafuna impendulo.
Uludwe lweziqulatho lubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuyila ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Abaninzi bakufumanise kunzima ukulungiselela inkqubo yothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke- wonke ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Omasipala abaninzi bachithe imali eninzi kwiindlela zokwenza izinto ezintsonkothileyo ezingenanjongo nezingahlolisiswanga ngendlela eyiyo (badla ngokukhokelwa ngendlela engeyiyo yimithetho yamaphondo ethi ibhale olo hlalutyo ngokweenkcukacha) nto leyo engeloncedo ekuqondeni imimandla ebalulekileyo.
Abacwangcisi abaninzi bakufumanise kunzima ukuhlobanisa iziphumo zohlalutyo lwedata okanye iimfuno zothatho- nxaxheba.
Akakho koomasipala okwaziyo ukujamelana neendlela zoyilo zophuhliso, ukwenza ukhetho lobuchule, ukubeka phambili izinto ngokwenkqubo yazo nokuphendula imibuzo yokuba kwenzeke NJANI.
Inkoliso yee-IDP ayinako ukwenza okwaneleyo ukukhokela ukusebenza ibe ikude kakhulu ukusebenzisa ngokunempumelelo isixhobo solawulo.
Izinto ezininzi ezilucelo mgeni bezintsha. Uqeqesho olufanelekileyo neenkqubo zenkxaso bezingekasetyenziswa. Incwadana yokufundisa ye-IDP , ethe yazama ukunceda oomasipala ukuba bajamelane nolucelo mngeni lweemeko ezintsha ngeenkcukacha zamanyathelo ngamanyathelo nezixhobo ngezixhobo ithe yantsonkotha kakhulu. Ithande ukukhuthaza iindlela zokwenza ezityhafisa inkqubo yengxoxo ephangaleleyo "kwimiba yokwenene" nezona ndlela zifanelekileyo neendlela zokujongana nazo.
Ngamafuphi: Inkoliso yomasipala nabacebisi babo ayikazifumani iindlela zokujamelana nocelomngeni olutsha zokuhlanganisa iindela zokwenza uthatho nxaxheba, ubuchule nokubusebenzisa kumsebenzi ocwangciswayo. Izikhokelo ezikhoyo azikwazanga ukuphendula ngendlela efanelekileyo imibuzo ebalulekileyo.
I-IDP ifanele ibonise izidingo/iingxaki zamalungelo aphambili zikamasipala nabahlali bakhe.
Imithombo ekhoyo kufanele isetyenziselwe iinjongo zokufundisa.
Ucwangciso lufanele lube lolobuchule, oko kuthetha ukuthi kusekelwe kwinkqubo yokhetho lokwazisa nokwenza uphando ngezisombululo zokubala iindleko.
iv. I-IDP ifanele isebenzise indlela yophumezo, oko kukuthi ifanele ingqale kwimicimbi yohlahlo lwabiwo- mali, kwimicimbi yoshishino, kwizigqibo zolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwemihlaba, njl.
Ngamafuphi: Inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ifanele ivule iqonga lengxoxo ukuchonga, ukuxoxa nokusombulula "imiba yokwenene" kumasipala (oko kunokuba yimiba enobuzaza kuye wonke umasipala, nakwimiba yoluntu okanye amaqela anebango)kwinqanaba lenkcukacha efuna izinto zokwenene enceda ekulawuleni inkqubo yokusebenza ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha.
Asingomsebenzi wocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ukunikela ngezikhokelo zeendlela zokuphendula yonke imibuzo ethi KANJANI ngokwenkcukacha. Oku kuza kwenziwa kwiNcwadana esisikhokelo yesi-3. Noko ke, kukho imibuzo esisiseko ephathelele kwiindlela ezinokuqwalasela njengemiba yemigaqo-nkqubo, nefuna ukuba kujongwane nayo kweli candelo.
Ucwangciso lukamasipala olunoomasipala abaninzi (abanokufikelela kubahlali abali-100 000 ngokomlinganiselo) alunakusekelwa kuthatho- nxaxheba olungqalileyo ngeentlanganiso zikawonke wonke, kodwa lufuna uthathho- nxaxheba olwakhiweyo ngamajelo eziko othatho-nxaxheba (bona icandelo 8).
Oku akuthethi ukuqulunqa zonke iintlobo zedata. Kunoko lufanele lunikele ingqalelo kwimiba ephambili yokunceda ukucacisa oonobangela nemiba ebalulekileyo. Oku kufuna ukulungiswa kwemimiselo emininzi yamaphondo.
Ezi nkqubo zimele zazisane. Ingxoxo-mpikiswano yothatho-nxaxheba noluntu okanye abo banebango ifanele isekelwe kwizibakala nakumanani, ngeli xa imiba yamalungelo aphambili iphumela kwinkqubo yothatho -nxaxheba ifanele ibe ngumxholo oshushu oshukuxwayo.
Inkqubo yokufikelela ekufezekisweni kweenjongo neendlela zemiba ephambili ifanele ivumele kuxutyushwe inkqubo yokujongana nale miba. Ithetha inkqubo yokuxoxa ngezinye iindlela, kunikwa ingqalelo kwizikhokelo nakwisakhelo neemeko.
Ukuba iinkqubo zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo neemveliso zikukunceda ukukhawulezisa nokuphucula ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso, ukuba bayalwazisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali, amacebo ezoshishino, ulawulo lokusebenza kwemihlaba neenkqubo zokunxibelelana, zimele zibe nobuchule obaneleyo bokubala iindleko, oko kujoliswe kuko okuninzi nzigqibo ngeendawo. Oku kufuna izigqibo, umzekelo, umgangatho wobugcisa nokuyila. Umsebenzi wokucwangcisa wobugcisa umele ube kwinqanaba elililo, yinxalenye yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo, ukuze bube yinxalenye yenkqubo kamasipala.
kuquke okujoliswe kuko okucacileyo nokungqalileyo nokuboniswa njengesiseko sokubonakala ekuhleni nokuyimela into kwamabhunga engingqi nenkqubo yokusebenza kolawulo nokulungiselela umhlaba wenkonzo yobudlelwane kamasipala, kuquka ubudlelwane noluntu, kubandakanya uluntu nemibutho yabo banebango ekuyileni inkqubo yokwenza izigqibo zamaphulo asekuhlaleni.
Umgaqo-siseko ubeka ukuba ezinye zeenjongo zikamasipala imele "ibe kukukhuthaza ukubandakanyeka kwemibutho yoluntu kwimicimbi karhulumente wengingqi".
I-WPLG igxininisa ukuba umba wothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke wonke (kungekuphela nje kucwangciso lukamasipala). Ingena ngokweenkcukacha ngendlela yokuphumeza uthatho -nxaxheba lukawonke wonke nendima karhulumente amele ayidlale ukuqinisekisa ukuba abemi bayabandakanyeka ekuqulunqeni umgaqo- nkqubo nasekuyileni iinkqubo zikamasipala, nokusebenza nokubekwa esweni ngokuzivavanya ezi nkqubo. Uthatho- nxaxheba lukawonke- wonke luthetha ukukhulisa ulawulo lwabantu, idemokhrasi yengingqi.
nokuqulunqa umbutho (ngokukodwa phakathi kwabantu abakwimimandla ehlelelekileyo).
Kukho izikhokelo ezibonisa la macebiso. Okokuqala, uthatho-nxaxheba lufanele lube kwimeko yolwakhiwo kunokuba lube kwiintlanganiso zasesidlangalaleni. Okwesibini, uthatho-nxaxheba lukawonke- wonke lufanele luqwalasele iinkqubo ezithile, nezingalinganiyo kwimiba yalo lonke ulawulo lukamasipala.
Urhulumente wengingqi akulindelekanga ukuba afumane iindlela zakhe zokwakha uthatho- nxaxheba, kodwa kulindeleke ukuba asebenze ekukhuthazeni nasekukhuliseni uthatho- nxaxheba, ngokukodwa xa kubhekiswa kuthatho-nxaxheba olubandakanya la maqela abantu abahlelelekileyo namabhinqa.
Ngeli xa iMSA ichaza umasipala njenge "qumrhu" ekwaqulethe kungekuphela nje "imibutho, imisebenzi nolawulo" kodwa "nebutho loluntu, abahlali nabahlawuli rhafu", iyazicacisa mhlophe iindima noxanduva "zemibutho ephetheyo" (eyenza umthetho owahlukileyo), nemibutho yoluntu, abahlali nabahlawuli rhafu.
Isahluko sothatho -nxaxheba seMSA sikhokelwa ngumthetho-siseko othi ngokusemthethweni urhulumente ufanele ukuba avumelane nenkqubo yolawulo lothatho -nxaxheba. Uthatho -nxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokwenza isigqibo zikamasipala sigqitywa luluntu olulungileyo, abahlali nabahlawuli zinkonzo. Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lugxininiswa njengendawo ekhethekileyo yothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke- wonke.
Isigqibo ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo, iinkqubo nemigaqo yothabatho nxaxheba lukawonke wonke iyekelwe kakhulu kumasipala. Uthabatho- nxaxheba olubhaliweyo lwemigaqo efunyenweyo, eqhubekayo nokunikela ingqalelo yoxwebhu elityotyelweyo ngaba bakhalazayo nesaziso seentlanganiso zebhunga. Akukho migaqo ebhaliweyo yothatho nxaxheba kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Oomasipala bacelwa ukuba benze iimeko zothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke wonke kwaye , balukhuthaze. Isixhobo ekuphela kwaso esimisiweyo sukukhulisa uthatho-nxaxheba lukawonke wonke kukusasaza inkcazelo ngeendlela zemicimbi yothatho- nxaxheba lukawonke wonke, kumalungelo nemisebenzi yabahlali nemiba engolawulo lukamasipala ngokubanzi.
kungabinaluncedo kubekho nokudideka kwelinye icala kwinkoliso yoomasipala, ekufumanisa kunzima ukugqiba ngeenkqubo ezifanelekileyo ngokwazo kwalela abahlali ilungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba ngokukuphepha ukubeka iimfuneko ezincinane ezintlanu kuzo ezidandalazisa loo malungelo.
Iinkqubo ezininzi zothatho nxaxheba kucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lakutsha nje kwinqanaba lokuceba lalungiselelwa ngendlela eyayingasebenzisani nayo nayiphina imigaqo ebanzi eyandlalwe kwiWPLG nakwiMSA.
Amabhunga anyuliweyo enza isigqibo sokugqibela kwiqonga lengxoxo kwiiIDP. Indima yedemokhrasi yothatho-nxaxheba kukwazisa, ukuthethathethana nokugqabaza ngezigqibo, kwimeko yenkqubo yokucwangcisa/nokwenza izigqibo.
Uthatho nxaxheba lukawonke wonke lumele lulandele indlela ethile ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abahlali belizwe banamalungelo alinganayo okuthatha inxaxheba.
kubekwe iimfuno ezicacileyo ezincinane zemigaqo yothatho nxaxheba esebenza kubo bonke oomasipala ngemimiselo nangokunikela isakhelo esilungelelanisiweyo ngokusemthethweni.
Isakhiwo sothatho nxaxheba: Inkoliso yoomasipala inkulu kakhulu ngokomlinganiselo neendawo ukuvumela uthatho-nxaxheba olungqalileyo loninzi lwabahlali kwiinkqubo zocwangciso oluntsonkothileyo. Ngoko ke uthatho-nxaxheba kucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo, lufuna imithetho ecacileyo nemigaqo eyalatha ukuba ngubani oza kuba nenxaxheba okanye ngubani ekumele acebise, kwimeko yokuba kubani, yiphi imiba, ngeziphi iindlela zolungelelwaniso, ngawuphi umphumela.
iv. Intlobo ngeentlobo: Indlela elandelwayo yothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke wonke neyakhiwe ngayo imele inike indawo eyaneleyo yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, oko kukuthi, kwindlela nganye namasiko. Ngoxa kukho imimiselo exhaphakileyo yendlela elandelwayo yothatho nxaxheba elizweni, imele ibe banzi ngokwaneleyo ukwenza ulungelelwano ngokwamaphondo noomasipala.
kokudala iimeko zothatho nxaxheba lukawonke wonke, ekuthetha ukuthi lumele lubekho kubo bonke oomasipala (ngokuvumelana neMSA), kokukhuthaza uthatho-nxaxheba lukawonke wonke, olufanele lwenziwe ngokukhethekileyo ngokuphathelele amaqela abo bahlelelekileyo nabaqhathwayo nokulingana ngokwesini ngokweemeko nobukhulu bukamasipala.
Inkqubo yokuthabatha inxaxheba kucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kukuphela kwayo kumanqanaba othatho nxaxheba olusondeleyo phakathi korhulumente wengingqi nabemi.
nokunika abahlali amalungelo okutyibela umqulu wezidingo nokudlulisela izikhalazo nokunyanzelisa urhulumente kamasipala ukuba aphendule.
Uthatho- nxaxheba ekuphuhliseni ii-IDP zikamasipala luye lwabonakala kule meko ibanzi.
Ukufundiswa ngeemfuno ukuqinisekisa iimfuno zabantu neengxaki zinikelwa ingqalelo.
Ukuchanwa kwezisombululo: ukusebenzisa ulwazi namava abahlali bengingqi noluntu ukuze kufikelelwe ekuchaneni nasekuzinziseni izisombululo zengxaki nemilinganiselo.
Ukuba ngumnini : ukukhuthaza abahlali bengingqi' noluntu' ubuncwane, nokukhuthaza ukubambisana nobudlelane phakathi korhulumente kamasipala nabahlali ngokwenza umsebenzi nokulungisa.
iv. Ukunika amandla: Ukwenza ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo isiganeko sikawonke wonke neqonga lengxoxo lokuthethathethana ngezinto ezibangela umdla, ukufumana ukulalanisa nezinto enivisisana ngazo, nokudala udandalaziso lasekuhleni nokuphenduliswa kukarhulumente wengingqi kubahlali bengingqi.
Le misebenzi ifanele ngalo lonke ixesha ibe nempembelelo kwimigaqo efanelekileyo nakwiindlela zothatho- nxaxheba.
Ulwakhiwo lothatho nxaxheba lusekelwe kulungelelwaniso olukhoyo lwamalungelo kwinkqubo yocwangciso. Noxa amalungiselelo olungelelwaniso anokwahluka kakhulu ngokweenkcukacha kwiindawo ngeendawo, ezi mfuno zincinane zilandelayo zimele zimiselwe.
Iikomiti Zokuhlanganisa zisisakhelo solungelelwaniso loluntu ngokwemimandla yemihlaba banokuba nenxaxheba kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa.
Imibutho yabo banebango emela iimfuno zezentlalo, ezoqoqosho, ubuni okanye umdla kwindalo imele ibhalise "njengemibutho yabanebango" (kwizinga likamasipala) apho banokuba nenxaxheba kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa.
v. Iikomiti ze-IDP nobugcisa babo, umsebenzi/izinto eziphathelele inkqubo iikomiti ezincinane okanye amaqela omsebenzi zisenokuquka abameli abasuka kwiikomiti zokuhlanganisa lowo umbutho wabo banebango okaney abantu abanobuncwane abasuka kwibutho loluntu ukuba umasipala ukubona oko kufanelekile. Abo bameli banokuba ngabasisigxina amalungu eekomiti ezincinane okanyelwe imiba esekelwe kwizinto zokwexeshana.
I-MSA ifuna ukuba oomasipala basasaze inkcazelo ngeenkqubo nangeendlela ngemicimbi exhalabisayo. Ukuguqula le mfuno ngokubanzi kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kuthetha ukuthi umasipala ngamnye umele alandele ukuncinane imigaqo elandelayo.
Amabhunga amele enze iikomiti kwindawo zokuhlanganisana ngokwezinga lentlanganiso kawonke wonke.
Abameli beqonga lengxoxo le-IDP bamele babandakanywe ubuncinane nokuba kukanye kwizinga lenkqubo yokuyila.
iv. Uluntu nabo banebango bafanele banikwe ixesha elaneleyo (iveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4) ukuqhuba iintlanganiso okanye imisebenzi yokufundisa namaqela, uluntu okanye imibutho abayimelayo, ngaphandle kokuba umba kuqhutywane nawo ngabaMeli beqonga lengxoxo le-IDP. Oku kukunika ithuba elaneleyo abameli abasemthethweni kuthatho nxaxheba, kodwa akuthethi ukuthi kubandakanya oorhulumente bakamasipala kuluntu okanye kwizinga labo banebango nemisebenzi yokufundisa.
v. Amaxwebhu ocwangciso oluyilwayo amele afumaneke kuye wonke umhlali, kwaye wonke umntu unelungelo lokungenisa amagqabaza abhaliweyo. Kumele kubekho ixesha emiselweyo ubuncinane iiveki ezine ukuba iikomiti ezihlanganisayo, imibutho yabo banebango namaqela anomdla nabahlali ukuba baxubushe esidlangalaleni uyilo lomqulu, kwaye bagqabaze ngabaMeli beqonga lengxoxo be-IDP abaqhubana nolo yilo.
vi. Ikomiti ye-IDP imele imisele iikomiti zokuhlanganisa nemibutho yabo banebango ngendlela amagqabaza aqwalaselwa ngayo, okanye izizathu ezaye zaqwalaselwa ngabaMeli beqonga lengxoxo be-IDP, ngaphambi kokuba uyilo kudluliselwe kwibhunga ukuba lwamkelwe.
vii. Iintlanganiso zebhunga zokwamkela ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kumele ibe zintlanganiso zesidlangalala.
Urhulumente kamasiphala ngekomiti ye-IDP namabhunga ayo, ufanele asebenzise zonke iindlela ezifanelekileyo, ngaphezu koko asebenzise iimeko ezinyanzelekileyo, ukukhuthaza uthatho nxaxheba lukawonke wonke. Njengoko iya kuba ngumzabalazo koomasipala abaninzi uknikela iimeko, nokuqinisekisa ukubandakanyeka kwabo badlala indima ephambili kumasipala karhulumente njengoko uthatho nxaxheba kulilungelo kodwa kungengomsebenzi wabahlali, amandla okukhuthaza uthatho nxaxheba lukawonke wonke kwizinga loluntu lisikelwe umda kwiindawo ezininzi.
Ukukhuthaza kakuhle kufanele kuqwalasele amaqela ezentlalo angalungelelaniswanga kakuhle angenamandla okuthetha esidlangalaleni. Oku kusenokuthetha amaqela athwaxwa yindlala, okanye amabhinqa, okanye amaqela eminyaka ethile (ulutsha, iinkedama, abantu abalupheleyo). Umasipala ufanele achonge amaqela neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukumelwa kwawo kubaMeli beqonga lengxoxo be-IDP.
Uthatho nxaxheba lukawonke wonke alulingani kwaye alufanelekanga kuwo onke amanqanaba okucwangciswa, asiyiyo yonke imigaqo elinganayo efanele inyathelo ngalinye elicwangciswayo. Ukusikela umda iindleko zothatho nxaxheba, ukuphepha ukudinwa luthabatho nxaxheba, nokuba nethemba kwigalelo lothabatho nxaxheba, iindlela zothabatho nxaxheba ziya kwahluka ngokwamanqaba.
Kwizinga lesithili imisebenzi efundisayo yeekomiti ze-IDP, ezinabameli becandelo lamasebe nabameli abakhethiweyo babo banebango imibutho nemithombo yabantu.
Izinga eliphakamileyo: Ukubandakanyeka koluntu, abo banebango, abahlali, abasebenzisi namaqabane.
Izinga eliphantsi: Iikomiti ezincinane zobungcali nabameli abanyuliweyo kuwonke wonke.
Kukho iindima ezahlulayo ezicacileyo noxanduva apho amanqanaba karhulumente athi abe nazo, anelungelo lazo, njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokusebenzisana karhulumente eyabela uxanduva, neendima zikarhulumente kazwelonke nowamaphondo kurhulumente wengingqi, efanele incede urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ukuba azalise iimisebenzi yakhe ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ngeli xa esabela uxanduva ngenkqubo yolawulo yokusebenzisana yethuba elide, iuxanduva oluxhasayo isenokuba lolwexeshana.
NgokoMgaqo-siseko, urhulumente kazwelonke nowamaphondo bamele baxhase baze bomeleze iindawo zoomasipala ukuba bakwazi ukulawula imicimbi yabo, ukusebenzisa amandla abo nokwenza imisebenzi yabo.
IWPLG ibhekisa kwimvume yomgaqo-siseko nokuchaza ngokuthe ngqo iindima zorhulumente kazwelonke nowamaphondo. Ngeli xa urhulumente kazwelonke efanele amisele isakhelo somsebenzi wonke wokwakha kamasipala nenkxaso, urhulumente wamaphondo ufanele anike isakhelo sokwakha iphondo, ejonga iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zoomasipala, nokuqinisekisa ukuba ulwakhiwo luyenzeka. Uqeqesho lwamaPhondo lufanele lumiselwe. Ukunika uncedo kwii-IDP zikamasipala kuyeminye yemisebenzi ekhankanyiweyo kwi-WPLG. Oorhulumente bezithili kulindeleke ukuba bazalise indima yokunikaluncedo olufunekayo lwenkqubo efanelekileyo yolwakhiwo loomasipala. Oku kubhekisa, kwezinye iindawo, kwinkxaso yobuchwepheshe kummandla wocwangciso.
I-MSA ibhekisa kuphela kwinkxaso yendima yephondo kucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo, ngaphandle kokunikela iinkcukacha ezingakumbi.
Onke amanqanaba karhulumente kulindeleke ukuba athwale uxanduva lokuxhasa ulwakhiwo loomasipala bengingqi. Ngeli xa indima karhulumente wengingqi ikukunikela inkxaso yesakhelo, amaphondo nesizithili kulindeleke ukuba abandakanyeke ngokungqalileyo kulwakhiwo. Ukwahlulwahlulwa kwendima yenkxaso phakathi kwamaphondo nezithili akunatyiswanga ngokubhekele phaya.
Inkqubo yenkxaso ekhoyo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ayivisisani neemvungo zenkxaso zawo onke amadidi amancinane anguB oomasipala angenakukwazi ukuzakhela izicwangciso ezikwizinga elifanelekileyo ngokwawo. Enokuba yinkxaso yesizwe (njengokunikela ngezikhokelo nencwadana yokufundisa) nenkxaso yamaphondo (njengokunikela imithetho nokulungiselela uqeqesho nokwenza imisebenzi efundisayo, nokunikela ukhokelo olulungiselelweyo) ukuzalisa isithuba sokuqeqesha nobuchule bokufundisa kwinqanaba lengingqi. Kwenziwa impazamo kucingwa ukuba abaphathi bakamasipala banako ukuzenzela umsebenzi wokunikela ngencwadana yokufundisa nesifundo esifutshane sentshayelelo. Noko ke, abaphathi bakamasipala, abanalo ixesha lokwenza loo nto kwaye abanayo nemvelaphi yokuqeqeshelwa ukwenza loo misebenzi yokuceba iinyanga eziliqela. Ngoko ke inkxaso yesithuba yaba kukuba izaliswe ngabacebisi.
Abacebisi abacwangcisayo babesidla ngokusebenzisa indlela yemveliso kunokuba basebenzise inkxaso nolwakhiwo. Ukongezelela koko, inkoliso yoomasipala abathi umsebenzi wocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo bawunika abacebisi bafuna umqulu ekugqibeleni baye bakufanelekele ukwamkeleka ku-MEC, ngalo ndlela bezalisa imfuno engokwasemthethweni.
Inkoliso yabacebisi abacebayo babengabasebenzi abakhethekileyo abacebela idolophu. Babengaqhelananga namabinzana athi ucwangciso lothatho nxaxheba, okanye ubuchule nocwangciso lomsebenzi. Inxaso ibidla ngokubi yefanelekileyo yeemfuneko ezintsha zocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Ayikho kwezintlobo zikhoyo zenkxaso enabenzeli abanokuthabatha indima yokunikela iindlela zezikhokelo kubaphathi bakamasipala ebudeni benkqubo yokuceba nokuyila.
Imigaqo-siseko nenkxaso kawonke wonke njengezemali, imigaqo nkqubo ekhokelayo, inkcazelo ezihlobeneyo nomgaqo nkqubo, ukubeka esweni nokubamba iintambo. Olu hlobo le nkxaso lumele lunikelwe kusengaphambili, lufundiswe yimibutho enikela ezo nkonzo ngokukhethekileyo.
Iinkonzo ezisemgangathweni njengeendlela zokukhokela, ukufundisa, ukwenza imiqulu, ukuhlola, nezifundo zohlalutyo, njl. Ezi nkonzo zinokunikelwa ngabo banikela ngeenkonzo babucala nabasesidlangalaleni, kuxhobekeka ekufanelekeni kweenkonzo ezo. Zifanele zinikelwe xa zifuneka ngokusisiseko.
Inkxaso yokwexeshana idla ngokuxhaswa. Imele ukuba ikwazi ukunceda abasebenzi bakwazi ukuphumeza iindima zabo namaxanduva avumelana neemfuno ezintsha.
Inkxaso esisigxina idla ngokuba lilungiselelo leenkonzo apho iqumrhu elilawulayo elithwala elo xanduva ngokwezopolitiko apho lingenako ukuzenzela ngokwalo, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali ekwizinga elifanelekileyo nokufundela imisebenzi ekhethekileyo.
Inkxaso esemgangathweni ifanele ilawulwe ngoomasipala. Ayifanelanga ukuthabatha uxanduva lolawulo lukamasipala. Kanye njenoguba umlawuli kamasipala engenako ukuthabatha umsebenzi wokucwangcisa (kodwa kulindeleke ukuba alawule abacwangcisi), abacebe abafanelanga bavunyelwe ukuba benze umsebenzi womphathi we-IDP.
iv. Umgaqo wenkampani enesiqingatha esiphethwe yenye inkampani: Iinkqubo zokuxhasa zifanele zisondele kakhulu kangangoko kwinqanam lengingqi. Nayiphi na into ifanele ngokwezinga elifanelekileyo ephantsi ibe phantsi kanti ephakamileyo iphakame. Into eyenziwe ngabo bebenikela olo hlobo luthile le nkonzo imele yenziwe kwangabo kungamiselwa izinto ezintsha. Uxanduva leenkqubo zokuxhasa zikamasipala zifanele zibe kwinqanam lengingqi.
nokubeka esweni inkqubo yokucwangcisa nokusebenza kwayo.
ukunikela iindlela zezikhokelo koomasipala ebedeni benkqubo yokucwangcisa umz.
ukuqeqesha amagosa engingqi kamasipala namabhunga ukulawula inkqubo "ngendlela yokufunda ngokwenza".
ukuhlanganisa oomasipala ngeenkonzo ezifanelekileyo, inkcazelo noqeqesho no kunikela amathuba okwabelana ngeengcamango namava ngokwenza amanyathelo athile okuceba ngemisebenzi ehlangeneyo yokufundisa.
I-NGOs zinokusetyenziswa ngokukhethekileyo ukunceda uluntu nabo bahlelekileyo, amaqela angalungelelananga ukuba abandakanyeke kule nkqubo ngokumisela abameli beenkqubo neendlela ezithile.
Abacebisi babucala banokusetyenziswa, ngokukhethekileyo, ukuba namagalelo kwiimveliso ezithile (umz. izifundo zobuchwepheshe, ukuhlola, ukuhlola indalo, umfanekiso welizwe neGIS).
I-MSA ifuna ukuba kungeniswe ikopi ye-IDP, efanele yamkelwe libhunga likamasipala, kwi-MEC yorhulumente wengingqi. Ukuba i-IDP ayihambisani neemfuno ezingokwasemthethweni zocwangciso okanye ubuchule babanye oomasipala okanye amanqanam karhulumente, iMEC inokufuna ukuba lilungiswe olo cwangciso. Ukuba umasipala akavumelani noko iMEC inokwanyula ikomiti ukuba iqhubane neemeko ezilolo hlobo. Yile komiti ke eyakuthi inyanzelise olo lungiso, umasipala yena ufanele enze uhlengahlengiso kwi-IDP.
Inkqubo yorhulumente abahlukeneyo ngokuphathelele indima ebalulekileyo karhulumente kazwelonke nowamaphondo ekusebenziseni i-IDP kufuneka abameli abafanelekile bakarhulumente kazwelonke nowamaphondo ukuba babandakanyeke ekuhloleni nasekwamkeleni iinjongo zolungelelwano lwe-IDP. Noko ke, kusekude kakhulu ukuba kucace ukuba iya kuba ngubani kanye ofanele u kubandakanyeka kuloo nkqubo nokuba nohlobo eza kuhlolwa ngalo i-IDP. Izikhokelo ezicacileyo zokwamkela nemigaqo ziyafuneka ukuze lo msebenzi ubenentsingiselo.
I-IDPs zimele zivunywe ngamabhunga kamasipala kuphela.
Amabhunga ezithili kufuneka aqiniseke ngolungelelwano locwangciso lwasekuhlaleni aze acamngce ngenkqubo yokuphumeza oko nolungelelwano phakathi kwezicwangciso zengingqi.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kolwalamano loorhulumente abahlukeneyo (njengoko kwandlalwe kwiSahluko 4), ukuba negalelo ekuhambeni ngokutyibilikayo nangokuthe nkqo kweendlela zolungelelwaniso, ii-IDP zifanele zingeniswe kwiiMEC zamaphondo ukuba urhulumente ahlole ingxelo ebuyiswayo ngokuvumelana neMSA.
ukunika ingxelo ebonakalayo nokucetywa kwemisebenzi; no kuvisisanisa izicwangciso ukuxwesa imida yezithili nolungelelwano locwangciso lamacandelo/amasebebe ngokweendlela zamalungelo aphambili.
v. U-MEC karhulumente wengingqi ufanele amisele ikomiti ngokuvumelana nolungelelwano lwe-IDP eyenziwa ngabameli bamaphondo, bakazwelonke norhulumente wengingqi ukuba benze amagqabantshintshi baze baxoxe ngemibandela ephathelele kwiindlela ezibonakalayo nezilungileyo zamaphulo nokuvisisana nolungelelwano.
Kucacile ke ngoko ukuba iMSB ifuna ukwenza i-IDPs zibe sesona sixhobo siyincwadi yesikhokelo kuwo onke amanyathelo ebhunga likamasipala.
Injongo yeMSA yokunika ii-IDP izinyo elibukhali kunzima ukuyisebenzisa. Amalungu amaninzi ezicwangciso akachananga ncam koko kubophelelayo; amanye afuna ukulungiswa ngokweemeko ezitshintshayo; (umz. Uhlahlo lwabiwo- mali, amathuba amatsha) abophelele ngengqiqo yesemthethweni. Ezinye izinto ezingqalileyo nokuguqulelwa kwazo kufuna ukuvumela ii-IDP zibe nemiphumela ngakumbi.
izigqibo zolawulo lwemihlaba nophuhliso lwemilinganiselo yezoqoqosho.
Isakhelo sophuhliso lwesituba, kunye ne-IDP, siya kuba ngumqulu obophelelayo kuzo zonke izigqibo zolawulo ngokocwangciso lwasemthethweni olubophelelayo lwezithuba.
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Urhulumente wengingqi ngumthathi-nxaxheba ophambili kwinkqubo yophuhliso yoMzantsi Afrika. Inkqubo yenguqu yokumisela oomasipala abangenamkhethe ngokobuhlanga nabanakho ukusebenza linyathelo lobuchule elingundoqo elinokwenza ukuba urhulumente wengingqi azalisekise indima yakhe yophuhliso.
inkqubo yokwahlula kwakhona ethe yaba neziphumo zoomasipala abanakho ukusebenza ; kwakunye nokunikeza inkqubo-sakhelo entsha esemthethweni kurhulumente wengingqi ngokumisela uMthetho wamaQumrhu ooMasipala kwanoMthetho weeNkqubo zooMasipala.
Kukhetho lukarhulumente wengingqi obelubanjiwe ngomhla wesi-5 kuDisemba 2000 isigaba senguqu sifikelele esiphelweni kwaye inkqubo yorhulumente wengingqi ingaqalisa ukusebenza phezu kwesiseko esiluqilima.
Ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lolunye lwezixhobo ezingundoqo khon' ukuze urhulumente wengingqi abe nakho ukumelana nendima yakhe entsha yophuhliso. Ngokuchasene nendima edlalwe lucwangciso kwixa eligqithileyo, ucwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo lubonwa ngoku njengomsebenzi wolawulo lukamasipala nanjengenxalenye yenkqubo ehlangeneyo yocwangciso nokufezekiswa kwezithembiso. Inkqubo ye-IDP yenzelwe ukuba ifikelele kwizigqibo kwimiba efana nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala, ulawulo lwemihlaba, inkuthazo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwengingqi kwakunye nenguqu yezamaziko ngendlela yothetha-thethwano ecwangciswe kakuhle nenobuchule. IziCwangciso zoPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo phofu azizikunika nkcazelo kulawulo lukamasipala kuphela; zifanele ukuba zikhokele imisebenzi yayo nayiphi i-arhente evela kwamanye amacandelo karhulumente, amaqumrhu anika inkonzo, imbutho engekho phantsi kulawulo lukarhulumente kwakunye necandelo labucala elikwingigqi kamasipala.
Kwithuba eligqithileyo lolawulo, inkoliso yamagunya engingqi enguqu ebesele eyinxalenye yokulungiswa kwezicwangciso ze-IDP. (uninzi lwazo lwaphelela ekulungiseleleni ii-LDO). Oku kwenziwa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Inkqubo-sakhelo esemthethweni esiqinisekisayo yayingekamiselwa. Uninzi lwamagunya engingqi (AmaBhunga amele iNguqu ngokuthe ngqo), ebengenazakhono zokulawula inkqubo yocwangciso elolo hlobo. Bekungekho ndlela yosetyenziso yocwangciso evavanyiweyo nankqubo yoqeqesho ebanzi necwangcwiswe kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo bonke abo bebethatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo ye-IDP yangaphambili bafunde lukhulu kule nkqubo. Kwaye amagunya engingqi ambalwa sele enze inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo ekusekeni indlela yokucwangcisa enokunceda ukuphucula ukufezekiswa okanye ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi neenkqubo.
Ngoku, kanye ngexesha elifanelekileyo kumabhunga asand ' ukukhethwa, inkqubo yenkxaso ezimele ngokupheleleyo seyilungele inkqubo ezayo ye-IDP.
Kukho inkqubo yoqeqesho enabileyo kazwelonke yabalawuli boomasipala, amagosa obugcisa, ooceba kwanabo baqeqeshelwe ukucwangcisa, elungiselela abo bangabathathi-nxaxheba abavela koomasipala bonke.
Inkqubo yenkxaso enabileyo kuzwelonke yoomasipala bengingqi (PIMSS) iyasekwa kunye namaziko enkxaso akumgangatho wezithili njengenxalenye engundoqo.
Inani elivisayo loomasipala, i-SALGA, amasebe amaphondo karhulumente wengingqi kwakunye noludwe lwamasebe amacandelo kazwelonke, athathe inxaxheba kule nkqubo eye yazala le ncwadana ingumqulu osisikhokelo se-IDP. Ndiqinisekile ke ngoko ukuba ngenxa yoko, le miqulu ipapashiweyo iya kuba yincwadana esisikhokelo eluncedo ekwayinkuthazo kuni nonke nina bayinxalenye yenkqubo ye- IDP, kumalinge enu okwenza i-IDP isixhobo sokukhawulelana neemfuno zentlalo nezoqoqosho zoluntu lwethu ngokufanelekileyo.
Zinika isikhokelo esisisiseko ngenjongo, iziqulatho, iinkqubo nemiba yezamaziko oCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo. Ezi zikhokelo, ngaphandle kokunika ingcaciso yoMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala 2000, zigqitha ngaphaya kweemfuno ezilindelekileyo nezidweliswe kulo Mthetho.
Inika uncedo ekuqulunqeni inkqubo yocwangciso. Ibeka umnwe ekucaciseni iindima noxanduva kumalungiselelo emibutho kwanokumisa ngendlela iinkqubo zocwangciso kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo.
Iziphumo ezifunekayo Yintoni?
Neenkqubo ezicetyisiweyo ("Njani") kwanemiba yezamaziko (" Ngubani")?
Inika iindlela ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zocwangciso/ ubuchule bocwangciso ukulungiselela imisebenzi yocwangciso engundoqo neengcebiso ekusebenzisekeni kwezixhobo.
Inika isikhokelo ngendlela yokunxulumanisa ezinye izikhokelo zemigaqo-nkqubo eqhelekileyo (ezingezo ze- IDP) okanye imigaqo-nkqubo yamacandelo kwinkqubo ye-IDP.
Kuqhagamshelwano kufezekiso locwangciso.
Izixhobo zolawulo lofezekiso.
Izixhobo zolawulo zobeko esweni nokwenza.
Yintoni ekufuneka ilungisiwe?
injongo emfutshane engenkqubo yolungiselelo, echaza okudingeka kulungiswe kwaye kutheni 1.
ukubonisa nokutolika iimfuno zasemthethweni zolungiselelo 1.
isishwankathelo samaxwebhu (neziqulatho zawo) emaziqokelelwe ngenxa yenkqubo yolungiselelo (1.
isikhokelo nje ngokubanzi ngendlela yokuqulunqa inkqubo yolungiselelo (1.4); kwaye okokugqibela uphengululo lweziqulatho zale ncwadana esisikhokelo (Incwadana esisikhokelo II) ebonisa indlela eza kukukhokela ngayo kumanqanaba nakwimisebenzi yolungiselelo (1.5).
Ukuqulunqa iSicwangciso soPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo kufuna inkqubo yocwangciso eziinyanga ezili-9 apho kubandakanyeka uludwe olubanzi lwabadlali-ndima abangaphakathi nabangaphandle komasipala. Inkqubo enjalo kufuneka iqulunqwe kwaye ilungiswe kakuhle.
Iindima noxanduva kufuneka zicaciswe kwangaphambili kwaye imithombo yoluntu yangaphakathi kufuneka yabiwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Amalungiselelo ombutho kufuneka asekwe kwaye nezigqibo ngobulungu bamaqela, iikomiti namaqumrhu zizinto ekufuneka zenziwe.
Udweliso lwenkqubo kufuneka lwenziwe apho kubekwa imisetyenzana yocwangciso ecingwayo, ixesha neemfuno zemithombo yobutyebi yenkqubo yocwangciso. Udweliso lwenkqubo olunjalo lwenkqubo yocwangciso lubalulekile ukuze kwaziwe okwenziwayo kwaye kunxityelelwane nabanye abadlali-ndima (ingakumbi phakathi koomasipala bengingqi nabesithili).
Kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo eyodwa ekuthatheni izigqibo ngeendlela nemigaqo yothatho-nxaxheba lwebutho lasekuhlaleni nabo banebango ngexesha lenkqubo yocwangciso: Ngubani ekufuneka abandakanyeke, kucetyiswane naye nomakaziswe, kweliphi inqanaba lenkqubo kwaye ngeyiphi indlela Kufuneka kwezniwe izigqibo ngaloo nto kwangaphambili ukuze abantu baxelelwe kwangoko kwaye kwabiwe nemithombo yobutyebi efunekayo kwangoko?
Kukwayinyaniso oku ngokubhekiselele kwiindlela nemigaqo yolungelelaniso nabanebango bangaphandle njengabanye oomasipala, izithili kunye namanye amanqanaba karhulumente. Imisetyenzana yolungelelaniso enjalo kufuneka kugqitywe ngayo phantsi kwesiseko esibophelelayo, ngesakhelo esidibeneyo senkqubo yocwangciso enxibelelanayo efuna ulungiselelo kwangaphambili.
Umntu kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba onke amaxwebhu asemxholweni, lawo kufuneka eqwalaselwe ngexesha lenkqubo yocwangciso, ayaziwa kwaye ayafumaneka. Oku kubhekisa ngokukodwa kumaxwebhu asemthethweni nakwizikhokelo, izicwangciso neendlela zobuchule kwinqanaba lephondo nozwelonke nabaniki nkonzo bequmrhu.
Kufuneka kwenziwe uqikelelo lweendleko lwenkqubo yocwangciso yonke olusekwe kuwo onke la manqanaba olungiselelo.
Lo msebenzi wolungiselelo lwe-IDP ngumsebenzi wabalawuli bakamasipala. Inkqubo yolungiselelo kufuneka ibe negalelo ekuyilungeleni kweziko likamasipala inkqubo ye-IDP. Akakho omnye umntu onokwenza izigqibo zolawulo ezibandakanyekayo kuyo. Incwadana esisikhokelo II imele incedise umlawuli wakwamasipala enze lo msebenzi wolungiselelo ngendlela elula nethe ngqo.
Ukuze kube nokuqinisekiswa imigangatho ethile yenkqubo ye-IDP kwaye nentsebenziswano phakathi nakumanqanaba karhulumente, ulungiselelo lwenkqubo yocwangciso lumiselwe imithetho kuMthetho weMixokelelwano yooMasipala, 2000. Lo Mthetho awuthethi nto yahlukileyo kwiimfuno zolungiselelo ezixelwe ngasentla apha ezivela kusetyenziso "lwengqondo nje".
a Ulwamkelo "lwenkqubo ebekwe ngokubhalwa" ngumasipala ngamnye owengingqi/owesithili emele ukukhokela ucwangciso, uqulunqo ulwamkelo nophononongo lwe-IDP. Olu xwebhu lubhaliweyo lwenkqubo ye-IDP luya kubizwa ngokufutshane "Isicwangciso senkqubo kule Ncwadana esisikhokelo.
ukuchongwa kwezicwangciso neemfuno zocwangciso ezibophelelayo kumasipala ngokwemigqaliselo yowiso mthetho lwephondo nozwelonke.
b Ulwamkelo lwesakhelo socwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo ngumasipala wesithili ngamnye esibophelela umasipala wesithili noomasipala bengingqi kummandla kwaye esimele ukuqinisekisa nolungelelaniso lwenkqubo yocwangciso kamasipala wesithili noomasipala bengingqi abohlukeneyo.
Ngeli xesha iSicwangciso seNkqubo kufuneka sisekwe phezu kokucebisana namabutho asekuhlaleni engingqi kwaye kufuneka kunxityelelwene nabo ngaso, iSakhelo kufuneka sisekwe kwinkqubo yokucebisana noomasipala bengingqi kummandla wesithili.
Izicwangciso zenkqubo kwiSakhelo esikwinqanaba lesithili kufuneka zisekwe ngendlela yentsebenziswano ngexesha lesigaba solungiselelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iZicwangciso zeNkqubo zoomasipala bengingqi zihambelana nesakhelo kwaye iSakhelo sibonisa izindululo zoomasipala bonke bengingqi. Inkqubo yokucwangcisa edityanisiweyo ifuna ulungiselelo oludityanisiweyo lwaloo nkqubo.
ISicwangciso senkqubo neSakhelo ngamaxwebhu amabini ahlukeneyo, elinye lithetha nelinye. Isicwangciso senkqubo sisixhobo solawulo sikamasipala ngamnye(kwingingqi nesithili) esinceda kulawulo lwenkqubo ye-IDP yonke imihla. Isakhelo sisixhobo sokudibanisa sesithili esinceda ukuqinisekisa iinkqubo zocwangciso ezinxulumeneyo nezinxuseneyo kwinqanaba lesithili nelengingqi. Amanye amacandelo eZicwangciso zeNkqubo neSakhelo ayafana ncam, amanye afunwa kuphela kuxwebhu olunye lwala mabini (thelekisa isazobe 1).
ISicwangciso seNkqubo kufuneka sizalisekise umsebenzi wesicwangciso soshishino okanye isicwangciso sokusebenza senkqubo ye-IDP. Kufuneka sitsho ngamazwi alula ukuba into ethile iza kwenzeka nini, isenziwa ngubani, esenza nabani, phi, kwaye kufuneka kuqukwe noqikelelo lweendleko.
Olu xwebhu lumele lube semgangathweni ophezulu, olwenza uphengululo lwalo lube lula ngeefomathi.
Ngeli xa umasipala ngamnye ekhululekile ukuyila uxwebhu lwakhe ngeyakhe indlela, uluhlu lweziqulatho olucetyiweyo lunganceda ukunika umfanekiso ocacileyo wokuba iimfuno zasemthethweni nezokwenza ezixelwe ngasentla zingafakwa njani na.
Umsebenzi weSakhelo kukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yee-IDP zesithili neyee-IDP zengingqi zidityanisiwe kwaye enye inganika enye ulwazi. Ukuba iinkqubo ezinxuseneyo zimele zidityaniswe, kufuneka kuvunyelwane ngesicwangciso sexesha kwakunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo . Oku kuya kwenziwa ngeSakhelo. Oomasipala besithili ngabo abongamele ukuqulunqwa kweSakhelo. Njengoko kufuneka sivunywe ngoomasipala bengingqi kwaye siza kusetyenziswa ngabo bonke oomasipala njengesiseko sokuqulunqa iZicwangciso zeNkqubo, kufuneka iSakhelo kuvunyelwane ngaso kwinqanaba elisekuqaleni lenkqubo yolungiselelo.
Ukuthobela inkqubo ye-IDP yoomasipala bonke ngeSakhelo kufuneka ibekwe esweni zizithili ukuze kube nokuthathwa inyathelo elililo ngexesha ukuba abanye oomasipala bayoyisakala ukuwabamba amaxesha amisiweyo.
Kukho izahluko ezithathu ekufuneka zibe yinxalenye yeSakhelo kwaneSicwangciso seNkqubo ngasinye: Udweliso lweNkqubo yeNyathelo, isahluko solungelelaniso kunye nesahluko sowiso mthetho olubophelelayo neemfuno zocwangciso. Udweliso lweeNkqubo zeNyathelo zikaMasipala luyakwahluka kuDweliso lweNkqubo ekwiSakhelo. Kufuneka ezi nkqubo zibe neenkcukacha kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka ziqulunqwe ngumasipala ngamnye ewathathela ingqalelo amaxesha amisiweyo eSicwangciso seNyathelo leSakhelo. Imigaqo yoLungelelaniso nowiso mthetho olubophelelayo neemfuno zocwangciso ziya kufana nezeSakhelo seSithili nezeZicwangciso zeNkqubo. Ezi zinto zisenokuthathwa phaya kwisakhelo.
Sele kutshiwo ukuba ukulungisa iSicwangciso seNkqubo ngumsebenzi wabalawuli njengolungiselelo lwaso nasiphi na isicwangciso soshishino. Asidingi izakhono zocwangciso ezizodwa. Ayidingi nakubandakanyeka kwabacebisi. Isiphumo senkqubo yolungiselelo akufunekanga ibe luxwebhu (iSicwangciso seNkqubo) kuphela, kodwa kufuneka ibe lulawulo olulungiswe kakuhle, olunengqiniseko ngomsebenzi wocwangciso ozayo.
c kunye namaqela axhasa ngemali ukuba kulungelelaniswe iimfuno zemithombo yobutyebi yenkqubo yocwangciso ngemithombo yobutyebi ekhoyo.
Ukulawula ezi nkqubo zokucebisana kwaye nokufumana bonke abadlali-ndima babesemsebenzini wenkqubo ye-IDP ngowona msebenzi wolungiselelo omkhulu. Xa kuthe kwazanywa kangangoko kungekho ziphazamiso, ixesha lenyanga enye singatsho sithi lanele.
Incwadana esisikhokelo II ijolise ekubekeni ulawulo lukamasipala kwindawo apho lunokwenza iSicwangciso seNkqubo neSakhelo ngaphandle kwenkxaso yangaphandle kwaye luhambiselana neemfuno zoMthetho weMixokelewano yooMasipala, 2000 kwakunye neemfuno zokwenza zenkqubo yocwangciso elawulwa kakuhle.
b iziqulatho zeSicwangciso seNkqubo neSakhelo, oko kutsho izindululo ngezigqibo eziza kuthathwa ngokubhekiselele kubume benkqubo ye-IDP okanye iinqobo zokulinganisa emaziqwalaselwe xa kuthathwa izigqibo.
Iingcebiso zeziqulatho ezinikwe kwiNcwadana esisikhokelo II ezingendlela yokuyila inkqubo yeIDP azinako ukuthatha indawo yokufundisisa okuquluthwe ziiNcwadana ezizikhokelo II & III ezisisiseko sokuqonda ngokucacileyo inkqubo ye-IDP. Oku kuqonda ngokucacileyo kubalulekile kulungiselelo lwenkqubo ye-IDP yomasipala othile ngendlela echanekileyo nenokujika-jika, zithathelwa ingqalelo neemeko zengingqi. Injongo yokushwankathela iingcebiso zeziqulatho kwiNcwadna esisikhokelo II kukubeka le migaqo esisikhokelo emxholweni wenkqubo yolungiselelo neSicwangciso seNkqubo.
Yenye yeemfuno zokuqala zenkqubo yocwangciso equlunqwe kakuhle yokuba bonke abadlali-ndima baluqonda ngokupheleleyo uxanduva lwabo nolwabanye abadlali-ndima. Ngoko ke, yenye yeemfuno zokuqala zolungiselelo zenkqubo yocwangciso ye-IDP ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziqondwa kakuhle iindima ezifunekayo kwaye nabantu okanye imibutho engathatha ezo ndima.
Uluhlu lweendima noxanduva olufunekayo kwinkqubo yocwangciso (ngabalawuli bakamasipala).
Uluhlu lwabantu okanye amashishini alindeleke ukuthatha ezo ndima noxanduva.
Imigqaliselo ekubhekiswa kuyo ecacileyo nekuvunyelwene ngayo, enika iinkcukacha ngeendima noxanduva lwabo.
Ikomiti ePhetheyo ye-IDP icacisa iindima ezimele ukudlalwa ngumasipala kwinkqubo ye-IDP ngokunxulumene neendima ekulindeleke ukuba abadlali-ndima bangaphandle bazidlale ngokuhambiselana neCandelo 84 loMthetho waMaqumrhu kaMasipala.
Iindima emazidlalwe ngabadlali-ndima bakwamasipala zichazwe ngakumbi ngokuba kuqulunqwe imigqaliselo ekubhekiswa kuyo ngendima nganye emisela uxanduva olunxulumene naloo ndima.
Umlawuli wakwaMasipala emva kokuqulunqa iinkcazo zeendima, uya ebantwini amabathathe ezi ndima kwaye angenise uluhlu olucetyiweyo lwabadlali-ndima ukuze kuxoxwe ngalo kwiKomiti ePhetheyo ye-IDP kwanokuvunywa kwalo yiKomiti yoLawulo yeBhunga okanye uSodolophu oLawulayo okanye iKomiti yooCeba Abonyuliweyo.
inkqubo yocwangciso inxulunyaniswa nemibandela yenene etshisayo kumasipala, yinkqubo yobuchule kwaye ejonge kuphumezo iimfuno zecandelo zocwangciso zanelisiwe.
babeke esweni indlela ekusetyenzwa ngayo xa kuphunyezwa i-IDP.
ukuqhuba iintlanganiso neendibano zokufundisana namaqela, amabutho asekuhlaleni okanye imibutho ukulungiselela nokulandelela imisetyenzana yocwangciso esemxholweni.
QAPHELA: Eyona ndima yeenkokeli zemveli isafuna ukucaciswa ngakumbi. Iindima "zoluntu" kufuneka zibonwe njengethuba ngaphezu kokuba zibonwe njengoxanduva okanye umsebenzi.
ulungiselelo lweendibano zokufundisana ezidibeneyo ezingeendlela zobuchule noomasipala bengingqi, abadlali-ndima bephondo nabakazwelonke kunye neengcali kwiingongoma eziza kufundwa.
Ukwenza igalelo lolwazi olusemxholweni kumacandelo amasebe ephondo kwizicwangciso, kudweliso lweenkqubo, kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kwiinjongo, kwiindlela zobuchule nakumaphulo ngendlela efikelelekayo.
Ukwenza igalelo lobuncutshe becandelo nelolwazi lobungcali ekwakhiweni kweendlela zobuchule namaphulo kamasipala.
Ukuba kwinkqubo yolungelelwaniso noomasipala besithili.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kumxokelelwano wephondo wolawulo lolungelelaniso.
Nabaphi abaniki bangaphandle beenkonzo ezinxulumene nocwangciso kufuneka kuboniswane nabo kuphela ngemisebenzi apho kungekho bantu bangaphakathi abanokuyenza loo misebenzi.
Naxa kusenokubakho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zabaniki beenkonzo ezizodwa, zihamba zihambe zidibane ezi nkonzo. Ngoko ke iindima asizahluli ngokwabaniki-nkonzo.
Iincutshe zocwangciso isenokuba ngabacwangcisi bedolophu nabommandla, abacwangcisi bophuhliso okanye ezinye iincutshe ezibandakanyeka kucwangciso lophuhliso nolwendawo.
Aqwalasele, amkele kwaye avume i-IDP.
Babe noxanduva lolawulo lonke, ulungelelaniso nokubeka esweni kwenkqubo noqulunqo lwe-IDP, okanye lo msebenzi bawuthume uMlawuli kaMasipala.
Ukuvuma abantu abonyuliweyo ukuba baphathe kwiindima ezahlukeneyo, kwimisetyenzana nakuxanduva lwenkqubo noqulunqo.
Ooceba bayintambo yonxibelelwano ephambili phakathi korhulumenete kamasipala nabahlali.
Kukudibanisa inkqubo yocwangciso kumaziko onyulo okanye kwiiwadi zabo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba izicwangciso zoshishino zonyaka nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala zidibene kwaye zisekwe kwi-IDP.
Umlawuli kaMasipala okanye igosa eliphezulu elinikwe umsebenzi woMlawuli we-IDP endaweni yakhe kufuneka lilawule kwaye lilungelelanise inkqubo ye-IDP.
Nokuba uMlawuli kamasipala uyithuma eminye yale misebenzi uMlawuli we-IDP endaweni yakhe, usenoxanduva kwaye nguye oza kuyimela into ayenzayo.
ukuba noxanduva lokulungiselela izilungiso z-IDP equlunqwayo ukuze ingeniswe kwibhunga likamasipala ukuba ivunywe, ize iye nakwiLungu leSigqeba soLawulo soRhulumente weNgingqi ukuba ilungelelaniswe.
Izicwangciso zeNkqubo Amalungiselelo ombutho 3.
ukuzilawula ngokuchanekileyo iimveliso zoqulunqo ukunika amaqela achaphazelekayo imvume yokwenza igalelo kwinkqubo yokuthatha izigqibo.
Uthatho-nxaxheba olwakhiweyo kufuneka luxele ukuba ngubani oza kuthatha inxaxheba, endaweni kabani, kweyiphi imibandela, ngeziphi iindlela zombutho kwaye kangakanani.
Oomasipala kufuneka baqwalasele amalungiselelo akhoyo, bawasebenzise bawalungise ukuba kuyafuneka baze banqande nokuphindwa kweendlela. Umzekelo, ukuba bamkele indlela yokwenza yekomiti yewadi, basenokuthanda ukusebenzisa eli qumrhu kwaye baya kudinga nje ukuqinisekisa ukuba abanebango namaqela ezentlalo amelwe/ anabameli.
La malungiselelo acetyiswayo aya kusebenza njengesikhokelo kuninzi loomasipala besithili nabengingqi. Umlawuli weIDP, Ikomiti ephetheyo yeIDP neQumrhu Lokumela leIDP ngamaqumrhu afunwa kuyo yonke inkqubo yeIDP kwaye kufuneka asekwe ekuqaleni, ngoko ke aza kwaziswa kule Ncwadana esisikhokelo.
Amaqela Amaphulo Omsebenzi aya kuba ngamaqela amancinci okusebenza enziwe ngamacandelo amasebe kamasipala asemxholweni nabantu abaziingcali, abadlali ababandakanyeka kulawulo lophumezo kwaye apho kufanelekileyo abanebango kwibutho lasekuhlaleni abachatshazelwa ngqo liphulo. Amaqela Amaphulo Omsebenzi aya kufunwa ekuqaleni kwesigaba 3 kwaye ayakwazisa apho ngakumbi Umsetyenzana woCwangciso 3.
Onke amalungiselelo acetyiswe ngasentla makagcinwe ngexesha lenqanaba lophumezo lwe-IDP njengamaqela aphetheyo ekulungelelaniseni nasekuqhubeni inkqubo yophumezo.
Imigqaliselo ecacileyo ekubhekiswa kuyo kumalungiselelo /kwiqumrhu ngalinye.
Ingqokelela yemithetho yokuziphatha.
Amalungu akhethiweyo aziqhelileyo iindima.
Ichonge kwaye inyule abantu abafenelekileyo kwiKomiti Ephetheyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imibandela esemxholweni umzk.
Ngokwazisa uwonke-wonke umzk.
Ngokukhetha amalungu kwaye kuxelelwe ibutho lasekuhlaleni lengingqi.
ngeendlela zokunika ingxelo.
ingenise isicwangciso esiqulunqwayo kwibhunga likamasipala ukuba samkelwe.
La ngamaqumrhu asele esekiwe kwaye nafunwayo nguMtheho waMaqumrhu kaMasipala akufunwa amaqumrhu kamasipala angamanye kwi-IDP.
Umlawuli kaMasipala okanye uMlawuli we-IDP endaweni yakhe ngumntu onoxanduva lokuvakalisa inkqubo yoCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo. Ukonyulwa komntu ofanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuze i-IDP iphumelele kwaye kufuneka loo nto yenziwe njengenqanaba lokuqala elijongise ekulungiseleleni iSicwangciso seNkqubo njengokuba uMlawuli we-IDP engumntu okwanoxanduva lokuyila iSicwangciso seNkqubo.
Umlawuli we-IDP kufuneka ibe ngumntu ozinikeleyo kwaye onegunya elifunekayo lokubandakanya bonke abadlali-ndima abasemxholweni.
ukuba iziphumo zibhalwa phantsi.
Ikomiti ephetheyo kufuneka ibe yikomiti esebenzayo yeeNtloko zaMasebe ezizinikezeleyo namagosa aphezulu axhasa uMlawuli we-IDP kwaye aqinisekisa nenkqubo yocwangciso engenamagingxi-gingxi. Umlawuli we-IDP unoxanduva lwenkqubo kodwa uya kumana enikela eminye imisebenzi kumalungu eKomiti Ephetheyo. Koomasipala apho kukho ooceba abasezikhundleni ezisemxholweni abafuna ukuba yinxalenye yeKomiti ephetheyo ye-IDP, kufuneka bafakwe. Kule meko kufuneka kuqwalaselwe iprothokholi efanelekileyo.
Ikomiti Ephetheyo yeIDP ingaseka iikomiti ezincinci zemisetyenzana eyodwa kwaneemveliso, ezi komiti zimele ziquke nabanye abantu abangekho kwiKomiti Ephetheyo.
Igosa likamasipala kufuneka lonyulwe lilungiselele lincedise libhale phantsi iintlanganiso. Umsebenzi kufuneka ube luxanduva loMcwangcisi kaMasipala okanye igosa elifana naye.
Ukuze zicwangciseke iindibano zokufundisana, ukuhanjiswa kolwazi nokukhutshwa kwezimemo kufuneka kuxhaswe ngumphathi.
Iqumrhu Lokumela leIDP liqumrhu elenza ngokobuziko kwaye liqinisekisa ukuthathwa kwenxaxheba ngabameli kwinkqubo ye-IDP. Ukukhethwa kwamalungu ukuba abe kwiqumrhu Lokumela le-IDP kufuneka kusekwe kwiinqobo eziqinisekisa ukumela ngokwezelizwe nangokwezentlalo.
Ukunika indlela yombutho yengxoxo, yothethathethwano neyokuthatha izigqibo phakathi kwabanebango kuqukwa norhulumente kamasipala.
Isakhiwo seQumrhu leSithili likaMasipala Lokumela kufuneka liquke bonke ooCeba booMasipala besithili kwaye kuqinisekiswe nabameli ngokwezelizwe, kuqukwa abanebango ababanzi besithili nabameli besithili bemibandela ebanzi.
Izicwangciso zeNkqubo Iindlela nemigaqo 4.
Olunye lweempawu eziphambili ngenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kukubandakanyeka kwebutho lasekuhlaleni nemibutho yabanebango kwinkqubo. Uthatho-nxaxheba lwamaqela abandakanyekayo nanomdla ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-IDP ihoya imibandela eyinene eviwa ngabahlali bakamasipala. Icandelo 3 ngasentla lithetha ngawona malungiselelo ombutho mancinci ekudingeka ukuba asekwe ukuqinisekisa uthatho-nxaxheba olufanelekileyo. Eli candelo liya kuhlabela mgama linike isikhokelo ngento umasipala ngamnye ekudingeka ukuba ayiqwalasele xa ephuhlisa indlela yobuchule yothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Ukuze kufunyanwe olunye ulwazi olungesakhelo sasemthethweni nomgaqo-nkqubo ngothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke nabanebango kwimicimbi karhulumente wengingqi, oomasipala bamele babhekise kwiNcwadana esisikhokelo1 " Imigaqo esisikhokelo ye-IDP ngokubanzi". Incwadana esisikhokelo IV ("Izixhobo") inika izixhobo ezahlukeneyo neendlela zokuthatha inxaxheba.
Isindululo singeniswa kwibhunga ukuba siqwalaselwe sivunywe.
Xa indlela yobuchule ivunyiwe libhunga, iKomiti ephetheyo ye-IDP iyayibonisa le ndlela yobuchule kwintlanganiso yokuqala yeQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela.
Iindima zabadlali-ndima abohlukeneyo ngexesha lenkqubo yothatho-nxaxheba umzk.
Iindlela zokufumana nezokuqokelela izidingo zebutho lasekuhlaleni (kuqukwa nokubhalwa phantsi kwamagalelo othatho-nxaxheba).
Ibhunga elonyuliweyo lelona qumrhu lokugqibela lokuthatha izigqibo ngee-IDP. Indima yedemokhrasi engothatho-nxaxheba kukwazisa abanebango kwaye kuthethwane nabo ngemibandela. Kwakhona inika abanebango ithuba lokwenza igalelo ngezigqibo ezithathwe libhunga.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe uthatho nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke, uwiso mthetho lufuna oomasipala badale iimeko ezifanelekileyo eziya kuvumela uthatho-nxaxheba. Yeyona mfuno incinci , kodwa ke ayanelanga. Oomasipala bakwanalo noxanduva lokukhuthaza ibutho lasekuhlaleni namaqela abanebango ukuba babandakanyeke.
Uthatho-nxaxheba olwakhiweyo: Uninzi loomasipala abatsha bakhulu ngokwemigqaliselo yobungakanani babantu nommandla ukuba bavumele uthatho-nxaxheba ngqo loninzi lwabahlali kwinkqubo yocwangciso exandileyo.
Ngubani ongazi kuthatha inxaxheba ngqo, kodwa kuza kuboniswana naye ngemibandela ethile umzk.
Kukweyiphi imibandela apho kufuneka uthatho-nxaxheba ngqo okanye ukubonisana.
Iindleko zothatho-nxaxheba zingagcinwa zikwinqanaba elamkelekileyo ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abanako benziwe bayiqaphela into yokuba ngumdla wabo ukubandakanyeka kwinkqubo yocwangciso kwaye ayingomsebenzi abaza kuwuhlawulelwa.
Ekuphuhliseni indlela yobuchule yothatho-nxaxheba, umasipala kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba kudalwe iimeko ezivumayo zothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke olufanelekileyo nolunempumelelo.
Abahlali nabanebango kufuneka baziswe ngenjongo zikamasipala zokuqalisa inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Ekwenzeni oko, umasipala kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba amajelo afanelekileyo eendaba (umzk. izitishi zikanomathotholo zebutho lasekuhlaleni, amaphetshana anika ulwazi phakathi kwee-akhawunti zakwamasipala njalo njalo) ayasetyenziswa ukuze kufikelelwe kubantu abaninzi kangangoko. Akufunekanga kubekho abanebango abazivela bengakhathalelwanga okanye bengabalulekanga. Ekukhetheni ijelo elifanelekileyo leendaba, oomasipala kufuneka bayiqwalasele indleko yokusebenzisa ezo ndlela. Umzekelo, kungayindleko enkulu ukufaka isibhengezo kwiphephandaba, ngoko ke le ndlela asinakuthi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Enye indlela yokwazisa amabutho asekuhlaleni kukusebenzisa ooceba. Ooceba kufuneka bazise abantu kwiiwadi zabo ngeentlanganiso zikawonke-wonke ezikwinqanaba lewadi.
Yonke imibutho esemxholweni yebutho lasekuhlaleni neyabanebango kufuneka imenywe ibhalise njengamalungu equmrhu le-IDP Lokumela. Umasipala kufuneka agcine isiseko-nkcazelo saloo maqela asenokungathathi nxaxheba njengamalungu equmrhu Lokumelal kodwa ekuya kufuneka kuboniswane nawo kumanqanaba amaninzi enkqubo.
Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi olufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuvumela bonke abanebango ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngokukhululekileyo. Ikomiti ephetheyo yeIDP kufuneka isiqwalsele isidingo sokuchonga itoliki ukulungiselela iimeko apho abanye abathathi nxaxheba bangolonwabelanga ulwimi oluthile.
Indawo apho imicimbi enowonke-wonke iqhutyelwa khona yiyo eya kumisa ukuba bangakanani na abantu abezayo. Kubalulekile ukuba indawo ekhethwayo ibe yefikelelekayo kubo bonke abanebango umzk. kufuneka ifikeleleke ngezithuthi zikawonke-wonke ukuze abo bathathi nxaxheba bangenazithuthi zabo bafike.
Amaxesha ekuqhutywa ngawo iintlanganiso zeQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela kufuneka alulungele uninzi lwamalungu. Ikomiti ephetheyo ye-IDP kufuneka ibeke elona xesha lokuqhuba intlanganiso lilungele uninzi lwamalungu. Iimpelaveki nazo zingaqwalaselwa.
Ukuba iqumrhu le-IDP lineentlanganiso ezinde ezingafuna izilungiselelo zezixhaso, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe iimfuno zabathathi nxaxheba abahlukeneyo umzk. ihalaal, isidlo semifuno njalo njalo.
Ukunika ithuba elihle lothatho-nxaxheba olusesikweni lwabameli, abameli bebutho lasekuhlaleni nabo banebango kufuneka banikwe ixesha elaneleyo (2-4 iiveki) ukuqhuba iintlanganiso okanye iindibano zokufundisana namaqela, amabutho asekuhlaleni okanye imibutho abayimeleyo, phambi kokuba umbandela kuxoxwe ngawo liQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela. Kufuneka oku kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kusenziwa udweliso lwenkqubo naxa kumiswa ixesha. Imfuno yokuba abameli banike ingxelo kwabo babameleyo ngesiphumo seentlanganiso/seendibano zokufundisana zeQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela, kufuneka iqukwe kwingqokelela yemithetho yokuziphatha yeQumrhu.
Amaxwebhu ocwangciso aqulunqwayo kufuneka afikelele kuwo onke amabutho asekuhlaleni nabanebango. Kufuneka kubekho ixesha leeveki ezintathu ubuncinane leekomiti zewadi, imibutho yabanebango namaqela anomdla nabahlali ukuze kuxoxwe phandle ngoxwebhu oluqulunqwayo kwaye kwenziwe namagqabantshintshi ngalo phambi kokuba iQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela lilugqibe uxwebhu oluqulunqwayo. Oku kumiswa kwexesha kufuneka kulungiselelwe kudweliso lwenkqubo.
Iikopi ze-IDP egqityiweyo kufuneka zifumasneke kuwo onke amabutho asekuhlaleni nabanebango. Kusenokuba luncedo nokushwankathela iimveliso eziphambili zesicwangciso, umzk. umbono kamasipala, iinjongo njalo najlo kwiilwimi ngeelwimi ezisemxholweni kuloo mmamdla kamasipala.
Isigaba socalulo kufuneka sithathe ngokwe-avareji iinyanga ezi-3 sigqitywe. Yonke imisetyenzana yoCwangciso kufuneka icwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba yenzeke ngeli xesha.
Isigaba seendlela zobuchule kufuneka ngokwe-avareji sithathe iinyanga ezi-2 sigqitywe. Umsetyenzana woCwangciso kufuneka ucwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba wenzeke ngeli xesha.
Isigaba samaphulo kufuneka ngokwe-avareji sithathe iinyanga ezi-2 sigqitywe. Imisetyenzana yoCwangciso kufuneka icwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba yenzeke ngeli xesha.
Isigaba sohlanganiso kufuneka ngokwe-avareji sithathe iiveki ezi-6 sigqitywe. Imisetyenzana yoCwangciso kufuneka icwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba yenzeke ngeli xesha.
Isigaba sokuvunywa kufuneka ngokwe-avareji sithathe iiveki ezi-6 sigqitywe ukuze singeniswe kwiLungu leSigqeba soLawulo. Imisetyenzana yoCwangciso kufuneka icwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba yenzeke ngeli xesha.
Iinjongo zoPhuhliso loMhlaba (indawo yalo iza kuthathwa lucwangciso lwendawo njengemfuno emayifakwe njengenxalenye kwi-IDP).
ingenise isicwangciso esiqulunqwayo kwibhunga likamasipala ukuba samkelwe.
La ngamaqumrhu asele esekiwe kwaye nafunwayo nguMtheho waMaqumrhu kaMasipala akufunwa amaqumrhu kamasipala angamanye kwi-IDP.
Umlawuli kaMasipala okanye uMlawuli we-IDP endaweni yakhe ngumntu onoxanduva lokuvakalisa inkqubo yoCwangciso loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo. Ukonyulwa komntu ofanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuze i-IDP iphumelele kwaye kufuneka loo nto yenziwe njengenqanaba lokuqala elijongise ekulungiseleleni iSicwangciso seNkqubo njengokuba uMlawuli we-IDP engumntu okwanoxanduva lokuyila iSicwangciso seNkqubo.
Umlawuli we-IDP kufuneka ibe ngumntu ozinikeleyo kwaye onegunya elifunekayo lokubandakanya bonke abadlali-ndima abasemxholweni.
ukuba iziphumo zibhalwa phantsi.
Ikomiti ephetheyo Ikomiti ephetheyo kufuneka ibe yikomiti yobungcali esebenzayo yeeNtloko zaMasebe ezizinikezeleyo namagosa aphezulu axhasa uMlawuli we-IDP kwaye aqinisekisa ngenkqubo yocwangciso engenamagingxi-gingxi. Umlawuli we-IDP unoxanduva lwenkqubo kodwa uya kumana enikela eminye imisebenzi kumalungu eKomiti Ephetheyo. Koomasipala apho kukho ooceba abasezikhundleni ezisemxholweni abafuna ukuba yinxalenye yeKomiti Ephetheyo ye-IDP, kufuneka bafakwe. Kule meko kufuneka kuqwalaselwe iprothokholi efanelekileyo.
Ikomiti Ephetheyo ye-IDP ingaseka iikomiti ezincinci zemisetyenzana eyodwa kwaneemveliso, ezi komiti zimele ziquke nabanye abantu abangekho kwiKomiti Ephetheyo.
Igosa likamasipala kufuneka lonyulwe lilungiselele lincedise libhale phantsi iintlanganiso. Umsebenzi kufuneka ube luxanduva loMcwangcisi kaMasipala okanye igosa elifana naye.
Ukuze zicwangciseke iindibano zokufundisana, ukuhanjiswa kolwazi nokukhutshwa kwezimemo kufuneka kuxhaswe ngumphathi.
Iqumrhu Lokumela le-IDP liqumrhu elenza ngokobuziko kwaye liqinisekisa ukuthathwa kwenxaxheba ngabameli kwinkqubo ye-IDP. Ukukhethwa kwamalungu ukuba abe kwiqumrhu Lokumela le-IDP kufuneka kusekwe kwiinqobo eziqinisekisa ukumela ngokwezelizwe nangokwezentlalo.
Ukunika indlela yombutho yengxoxo, yothethathethwano neyokuthatha izigqibo phakathi kwabanebango kuqukwa norhulumente kamasipala.
Isakhiwo seQumrhu leSithili likaMasipala Lokumela kufuneka liquke bonke ooCeba booMasipala besithili kwaye kuqinisekiswe nabameli ngokwezelizwe, kuqukwa abanebango ababanzi besithili nabameli besithili bemibandela ebanzi.
Izicwangciso zeNkqubo Iindlela nemigaqo 4.
Olunye lweempawu eziphambili ngenkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo kukubandakanyeka kwebutho lasekuhlaleni nemibutho yabanebango kwinkqubo. Uthatho-nxaxheba lwamaqela abandakanyekayo nanomdla kuqinisekisa ukuba i-IDP ihoya imibandela eyinene eviwa ngabahlali bakamasipala. Icandelo 3 ngasentla lithetha ngawona malungiselelo ombutho mancinci ekudingeka ukuba asekwe ukuqinisekisa uthatho-nxaxheba olufanelekileyo. Eli candelo liya kuhlabela mgama linike isikhokelo ngento umasipala ngamnye ekudingeka ukuba ayiqwalasele xa ephuhlisa indlela yobuchule yothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke kwinkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Ukuze kufunyanwe olunye ulwazi olungesakhelo sasemthethweni nomgaqo-nkqubo ngothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke nabanebango kwimicimbi karhulumente wengingqi, oomasipala bamele babhekise kwiNcwadana esisikhokelo1 " Imigaqo esisikhokelo ye-IDP ngokubanzi". Incwadana esisikhokelo IV ("Izixhobo") inika izixhobo ezahlukeneyo neendlela zokuthatha inxaxheba.
Isindululo singeniswa kwibhunga ukuba siqwalaselwe sivunywe.
Xa indlela yobuchule ivunyiwe libhunga, iKomiti Ephetheyo ye-IDP iyayibonisa le ndlela yobuchule kwintlanganiso yokuqala yeQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela.
Iindlela zokufumana nezokuqokelela izidingo zebutho lasekuhlaleni (kuqukwa nokubhalwa phantsi kwamagalelo othatho-nxaxheba).
Ibhunga elonyuliweyo lelona qumrhu lokugqibela lokuthatha izigqibo ngee-IDP. Indima yedemokhrasi engothatho-nxaxheba kukwazisa abanebango kwaye kuthethwane nabo ngemibandela. Kwakhona inika abanebango ithuba lokwenza igalelo ngezigqibo ezithathwe libhunga.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe uthatho- nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke, uwiso mthetho lufuna oomasipala badale iimeko ezifanelekileyo eziya kuvumela uthatho-nxaxheba. Yeyona mfuno incinci , kodwa ke ayanelanga. Oomasipala bakwanalo noxanduva lokukhuthaza ibutho lasekuhlaleni namaqela abanebango ukuba babandakanyeke. Kufuneka oku kwenziwe ingakumbi ngokubhekiselele kumaqela ahlelelekileyo okanye angananzwanga ngokuhambiselana neemeko nezikhundla kumasipala.
Uthatho-nxaxheba olwakhiweyo: Uninzi loomasipala abatsha bakhulu ngokwemigqaliselo yobungakanani babantu nommandla ukuba bavumele uthatho-nxaxheba ngqo loninzi lwabahlali kwinkqubo yocwangciso exandileyo.
Ngubani ongazi kuthatha inxaxheba ngqo, kodwa kuza kuboniswana naye ngemibandela ethile umzk.
Kukweyiphi imibandela apho kufuneka uthatho-nxaxheba ngqo okanye ukubonisana.
Iindleko zothatho-nxaxheba zingagcinwa zikwinqanaba elamkelekileyo ukuba abathathi nxaxheba abanako benziwe bayiqaphela into yokuba ngumdla wabo ukubandakanyeka kwinkqubo yocwangciso kwaye ayingomsebenzi abaza kuwuhlawulelwa.
Ekuphuhliseni indlela yobuchule yothatho-nxaxheba, umasipala kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba kudalwe iimeko ezivumayo zothatho-nxaxheba lukawonke-wonke olufanelekileyo nolunempumelelo.
Abahlali nabanebango kufuneka baziswe ngeenjongo zikamasipala zokuqalisa inkqubo yocwangciso lophuhliso oluhlangeneyo. Ekwenzeni oko, umasipala kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba amajelo afanelekileyo eendaba (umzk. izitishi zikanomathotholo zebutho lasekuhlaleni, amaphetshana anika ulwazi phakathi kwee-akhawunti zakwamasipala njalo njalo) ayasetyenziswa ukuze kufikelelwe kubantu abaninzi kangangoko. Akufunekanga kubekho abanebango abazivela bengakhathalelwanga okanye bengabalulekanga. Ekukhetheni ijelo elifanelekileyo leendaba, oomasipala kufuneka bayiqwalasele indleko yokusebenzisa ezo ndlela. Umzekelo, kungayindleko enkulu ukufaka isibhengezo kwiphephandaba, ngoko ke le ndlela asinakuthi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Enye indlela yokwazisa amabutho asekuhlaleni kukusebenzisa ooceba. Ooceba kufuneka bazise abantu kwiiwadi zabo ngeentlanganiso zikawonke-wonke ezikwinqanaba lewadi.
Yonke imibutho esemxholweni yebutho lasekuhlaleni neyabanebango kufuneka imenywe ibhalise njengamalungu equmrhu le-IDP Lokumela. Umasipala kufuneka agcine isiseko-nkcazelo saloo maqela asenokungathathi nxaxheba njengamalungu equmrhu Lokumela kodwa ekuya kufuneka kuboniswane nawo kumanqanaba amaninzi enkqubo.
Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi olufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuvumela bonke abanebango ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngokukhululekileyo. Ikomiti ephetheyo ye-IDP kufuneka isiqwalasele isidingo sokuchonga itoliki ukulungiselela iimeko apho abanye abathathi nxaxheba bengalonwabelanga ulwimi oluthile.
Indawo apho imicimbi enowonke-wonke iqhutyelwa khona yiyo eya kumisa ukuba bangakanani na abantu abezayo. Kubalulekile ukuba indawo ekhethwayo ibe yefikelelekayo kubo bonke abanebango umzk. kufuneka ifikeleleke ngezithuthi zikawonke-wonke ukuze abo bathathi nxaxheba bangenazithuthi zabo bafike.
Amaxesha ekuqhutywa ngawo iintlanganiso zeQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela kufuneka alulungele uninzi lwamalungu. Ikomiti Ephetheyo ye-IDP kufuneka ibeke elona xesha lokuqhuba intlanganiso lilungele uninzi lwamalungu Iimpelaveki nazo zingaqwalaselwa.
Ukuba iqumrhu le-IDP lineentlanganiso ezinde ezingafuna izilungiselelo zezixhaso, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe iimfuno zabathathi nxaxheba abahlukeneyo umzk. ihalaal, isidlo semifuno njalo njalo.
Ukunika ithuba elihle lothatho-nxaxheba olusesikweni lwabameli, abameli bebutho lasekuhlaleni nabo banebango kufuneka banikwe ixesha elaneleyo (2-4 iiveki) ukuqhuba iintlanganiso okanye iindibano zokufundisana namaqela, amabutho asekuhlaleni okanye imibutho abayimeleyo, phambi kokuba umbandela kuxoxwe ngawo liQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela. Kufuneka oku kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kusenziwa udweliso lwenkqubo naxa kumiswa ixesha. Imfuno yokuba abameli banike ingxelo kwabo babameleyo ngesiphumo seentlanganiso/seendibano zokufundisana zeQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela, kufuneka iqukwe kwingqokelela yemithetho yokuziphatha yeQumrhu.
Amaxwebhu ocwangciso aqulunqwayo kufuneka afikelele kuwo onke amabutho asekuhlaleni nabanebango. Kufuneka kubekho ixesha leeveki ezintathu ubuncinane leekomiti zewadi, imibutho yabanebango namaqela anomdla nabahlali ukuze kuxoxwe phandle ngoxwebhu oluqulunqwayo kwaye kwenziwe namagqabantshintshi ngalo phambi kokuba iQumrhu le-IDP Lokumela lilugqibe uxwebhu oluqulunqwayo. Oku kumiswa kwexesha kufuneka kulungiselelwe kudweliso lwenkqubo.
Iikopi ze-IDP egqityiweyo kufuneka zifumaneke kuwo onke amabutho asekuhlaleni nabanebango. Kusenokuba luncedo nokushwankathela iimveliso eziphambili zesicwangciso, umzk. umbono kamasipala, iinjongo njalo njalo ngeelwimi ngeelwimi ezisemxholweni kuloo mmamdla kamasipala.
Urhulumente kamasipala, esebenza neekomiti ze-IDP kufuneka asebenzise zonke iindlela ezakhe zakho adale iimeko ezifunekayo ukukhuthaza inxaxheba kawonke-wonke.
Ukhuthazo olunentshukumo kufuneka luqwalasele kumaqela ezentlalo angawangcanga kwaye angenawo namandla okuvakalisa imidla yawo ngokuphandle umzk. amaqela ahlwempuzekileyo, abafazi, abalimeleyo, amaqela ngokobudala (ulutsha, iinkedama nabantu abadala) njalo njalo Kufuneka umasipala awachonge amaqela kwaye amisele iindlela zokuqinisekisa ukumelwa kwabo kwiqumrhu le-IDP Lokumela.
Enye yeendlela zokuqinisekisa uthatho-nxaxheba lwala maqela kukushukumisa iiNGO okanye abantu abayimithombo yobutyebi ufune izinto abanomdla kuzo.
Uthatho nxaxheba lukawonke wonke alulingani kwaye akufanelekanga ukuba lubekho kwinqanaba ngalinye, yaye asiyiyo yonke imigaqo elinganayo efanelekileyo yenqanaba ngalinye elicetywayo. Ukusikela umda iindleko zokuba nenxaxheba, ukuphepha ukudinwa kuthatho- nxaxheba, ukungalahl'ithemba kwigalelo lothatho-nxaxheba, iindlela zokuba nenxaxheba ziya kwahluka ngokwamazinga awahlukeneyo. Ikomiti Ephetheyo ye-IDP ifanele iyiqonde kakuhle Incwadi yesikhokelo 111 (indlela yosetyenziso) ukuze ikwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo zokuba nenxaxheba kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo.
Imisebenzi efundisa ubuchule yezithili, nabameli babo bonke oomasipala, amacandelo amaphondo namasebe kazwelonke nabameli abakhethiweyo kwabo banebango emibuthweni nakubuncwane babantu.
Ukuvuselela ingxoxo-mpikiswano ngeziganeko ezinjengamatyala, neenkomfa noonondaba njl.
Inkqubo yokuthabatha inyathelo lilungu leSicwangciso seNkqubo kwaye kuphela kwesicwangciso soshishino esiphendula imibuzo: Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe, nini, iya kuthabatha ithuba elingakanani, ngubani oya kuthwala olo xanduva, ngubani onikelayo ibe bubuphi ubuncwane obuya kufuneka. INkqubo yokuthabatha inyathelo ifanele yaziwe ngawo onke amalungu aphambili enkqubo ye-IDP ukuqiniseka ngothatho-nxaxheba nangolungelelwano. INkqubo yokuyila yokuthabatha inyathelo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iqhelane neNcwadana esisikhokelo111 ukunikela ingqalelo kwiSakhelo sesithili. Akunakufumaneka yonke inkcazelo yoyilo kwiNkqubo yokuthabatha inyathelo ebudeni besigaba sokulungiselela. Eminye imisetyenzana ibiya kuqukwa ize ichazwe kamva. (umz. kuphela yimiba yamalungelo aphambili eyaziwayo, iya kufuna ukuhlalutywa ngakumbi ukuze icace).
amagama abantu/izinto ekufuneka zibandakanyekile ngendlela umz.
nobuncwane obufunekayo (abacebisi/iindawo/ukulungiselela isidlo/iimali nokuguqulela) neendleko.
nokubonisa ubuncwane obufunekayo (abacebisi, indawo, ukulungiselela isidlo).
Ixesha elimisiweyo elikwisiHlomelo 1 lifanele linikelwe ingqalelo xa kuyilwa iSakhelo neNkqubo yokuthabatha inyathelo.
Inkqubo yokuthabatha inyathelo ifanele inikele iingqalelo kwiimeko zasekuhlaleni (umz. iintlanganiso ezithe rhoqo zeBhunga) ukulungelelanisa ixesha nenkqubo yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lukamasipala, kubekwa esweni nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwemisetyenzana eza kwenziwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-IDP.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zenkqubo ye-IDP zifanelekile kumasipala, yaye ibhunga likaMasiplala liya kufuna ukuqwalasela nokucela ukulungisa iimveliso ebudeni benkqubo.
icwangcisiwe yaza yaxutyushwa liBhunga likamasipala.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ngoku iBhunga likamasipala libeke esweni iimveliso zeenkqubo zikamasipala ze-IDP, inkqubo iqhubeke ingamiswa, nokuba iimveliso azanelisi. Amagqabantshintshi eBhunga likamasipala aya kuqukwa aze anikelwe ingqalelo ngalo lonke ixesha.
Inkqubo yocwangciso ye-IDP yinkqubo yasekuhlaleni, efuna igalelo nenkxaso yamanye amanqanaba karhulumente ngokwamabanga awahlukeneyo. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe ngenkqubo yokucwangcisa oomasipala kufanele baqonde ukuba ulungelelwano lufanele lubekho nendlela olubaluleke ngayo, ngeendlela oku okunokuphunyezwa ngayo. Ulungelelwano yindlela yokudibanisa abo baphezulu nabo basezantsi nokunyuka ukusuka ezantsi kuyiwe phezulu kumanqanaba okucwangcisa awahlukeneyo karhulumente.
Imigaqo yolungelelwano neendlela zingamalungu eSicwangciso seNkqubo kunye neSakhelo. Ifanele ifikelele ekuhlaleni kwizithili zoomasipala, nakwimibutho ebandakanyekileyo yolungelelwano ifanele yaziswe.
Phakathi koomasipala nezithili ezisemxholweni ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zocwangciso nemibandela yokulawula yandlalwe ngokuhlangeneyo. Isithili sona sinoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba ulungelelwano phakathi koomasipala basekuhlaleni lubakho.
Phakathi korhulumente wengingqi (oomasipala/izithili) namanye amanqanaba ngokukodwa amasebe amacandelo amaphondo/kazwelonke kuquka neenkonzo ezinikelwayo (umz. Eskom, Telkom) ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-IDP ihambisana nemigaqo- nkqubo kazwelonke namaphondo nobuchule ukuze oko kunikelwe ingqalelo kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwamasebe neendodla ezinikelwayo phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Isebe lamaphondo likaRhulumente weNgingqi limele lidlale indima ekhokelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amacandelo amasebe ayayiqonda into efunekayo kulungelelwano neendima zalo kwinkqubo ye-IDP yasekuhlaleni.
Uludwe lwabaphambili ababandakanyekileyo kwinkqubo yolungelelwano.
Iziganeko zolungelelwano njengokunwenwa kwenkcazelo nemisetyenzana ehlangeneyo ecwangciswayo ngokwezigaba ukubonisa ixesha nabo badlala iindima ezibalulekileyo ababandakanyekileyo.
Iindlela zokusombulula ukungaboni ngasonye kulungelelwano lwabo badlala iindima eziphambili.
Inkqubo ecetywayo Inkqubo yokufikelela kwisivumelwano ngemigaqo yolungelelwano iyahambisana nenkqubo yokufikelela kwiSakhelo.
Ikomiti Ephetheyo ye-IDP ibonisa ulungelelwano olufunekayo kwinqanaba lesithili iSakhelo somsebenzi osekelwe kwindlela yeSikhokelo 111.
ukuvumelana ngeendlela zolungelelwano ngexesha nabo badlala iindima eziphambili ababandakanyekileyo.
nokuceba ingxoxo- mpikiswano ngeendlela zokufikelela kwisigqibo ukusombulula iingxaki okanye ukungaboni ngasonye koomasipala basekuhlaleni nengingqi kwisithili.
I-DM ibopheleleke kwintlanganiso, ngonxibelelwano olubhaliweyo namasebe kazwelonke nawamaphondo neenkonzo ezinikelwayo eziyimfuneko zokwandlala ulungelelwano lukamasipala nesithili nezinto ezilindelweyo neendlela ekuvunyelwene ngazo.
Umasipala ngamnye uya kuqwalasela ulungelelwano xa eyila inkqubo yokuthabatha inyathelo ngexesha elimiselweyo.
Iimfuno zolungelelwano zifanele zincitshiswe ukugcina iimfuno zolawulo zikwizinga elilawulekayo.
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zolungelelwano ziya kufanela iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zolungelelwano namanqanaba awahlukeneyo.
Ukugcina inani leziganeko zolungelelwano (imisebenzi efundisayo elolo hlobo/iintlanganiso) iphantsi ngenxa yemali nexesha elifunekayo.
Iziganeko ezinabantu abaninzi ababa nenxaxheba abavela kumacandelo nakumanqanaba awahlukeneyo ziya kufuna umfundisi onobuchule. Umfundisi lo ufanele abenoxanduva lokuvelisa umqulu.
Ulungelelwano lwamaSebe anako ukuphunyezwa ngokutyelelwa kwamaphondo kwizithili.
Ukusekwa kwequmrhu liquka amaphondo, izithili, omasipala njl. linokuthi kwiimeko libe lelifanelekileyo.
Oomasipala , basekuhlaleni nabesithili, bafanele bazilungelelanise ukuze babambisane noomasipala abangabamelwane kwimiba ebachaphazela bobabini.
Iziko lePIMS lokucetywa kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo.
Amagosa aphezulu ecandelo lesebe amaPhondo nozwelonke.
Ulawulo olucetywayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ulungelelwano Kuzo zombini ezi ndidi zolungelelwano oluphakathi koomasipala naphakathi kwesithili esifanelekayo/korhulumente wengingqi namanye amanqanaba/nomanyano lweenkonzo ezinikelwayo olona xanduva lukhulu kukuqinisekisa ulungelelwano olukhoyo phakathi kukaMasipala wesithili.
Indima ebalulekileyo njengomlungelelanisi ukuqiniseka ngolungelelwano olungaphezulu kwenqanaba lesithili naphakathi kwezithili ezikwelo phondo.
Apho kukho ubukhulu obaneleyo, Amaziko e-PIMS Amaziko Okucwangcisa nokuPhunyezwa kweNkxaso yoLawulo, amiselwe kwizinga lesithili, anako ukuxhasa abaphathi kwinkqubo yolungelelwano.
Izithili ezingenawo la Maziko e-PIMS afanele anyule umntu ofanelekayo ukulawula inkqubo yolungelelwano.
Kwiimeko apho oomasipala besithili bengaphantsi kwezinga elifunekayo (umz. isithili esisandula ukusekwa) oomasipala bafanele banyule umntu ozimiseleyo kwalapha kumasipala ukulawula le nkqubo esenzela bonke oomasipala kwi-DM.
Ulungelelwano olucetywayo Ulungelelwano olucetwayo ngesigaba ngasinye Ngenxa yokubakho komahluko kwindlela isigaba esilungelelene ngayo linokubaluleka kwaye indlela yolungelelwano olufanelekileyo iya kwahluka. Esi sicwangciso sicebisa iimfuno ezincinane zolungelelwano kuzo zombini iintlobo zolungelelwano kwisigaba ngasinye. Ixesha elibonisiweyo ekubhekiselwe kwiXesha leNkqubo ebonisiweyo lincanyatheliswe kwiSihlomelo 1.
28-30 5. Iinkqubo zamacandelo phantsi koxanduva lwecandelo lamaphondo nelikazwelonke isiphelo 33 6.
Kukuqinisekisa lonke uwiso mthetho olubophelelayo olufanelekileyo lukazwelonke nolwamaphondo kunye nemigaqo nkqubo, iinkqubo, izinto ezicetywayo neengxowa mali ezifumanekayo zinikelwa ingqalelo kwiinkqubo zikamasipala ze-IDP ukuba zifanele zibe nolwazi olufanelekileyo. Ukuze kubekho impumelelo kuze kuncitshiswe iindleko, izithili zifanele zinike oomasipala inkcazelo efunekayo.
Iimveliso ezifunekayo Luludwe lwezithili ezihlangeneyo uzwelonke namaphondo uwiso mthetho olubophelelayo kuquka neendidi zezinto ezifunekayo (imfuneko engokwasemthethweni yenqanaba elithile elicetywayo likamasipala, imfuneko engokwasemthethweni njengenxalenye ye-IDP, ngokuvisisana nesakhelo, ukongeza ixabiso kumnikelo). (Uludwe oluyilwayo lowiso mthetho kazwelonke, bona isihlomelo 3).
Uludwe lweminye imigaqo nkqubo, izicwangciso nemiqulu.
Inkqubo ecetywayo I-DM ngenkxaso yoMlungelelanisi we-IDP wamaphondo iza kulungiselela uludwe lwemithetho ewiswayo yamaPhondo kunye nezinye iinkcazelo zeMisebenzi yeSakhelo.
I-DM iza kubonisa uludwe kumsebenzi weSakhelo ukuqhelanisa oomasipala neemfuno zamacandelo amasebe kunye nemigaqo nkqubo/iinkqubo/iingxowamali/nabantu ekunokudityanwa nabo.
Kukusebenzisa ithuba lokubambisana namacandelo amasebe kazwelonke nawamaphondo ukumisela iindlela zokudibana ukulungelelanisa nokwandlala imfuneko yenkcazelo yemigaqo nkqubo, izicwangciso neengxowa mali, ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-IDP isebenzelana neemfuno zecandelo yaye inako ukuba nomtsalane kuhlahlo lwabiwo- mali lwecandelo.
Iindleko zenkqubo ye-IDP zimele zenziwe kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lukamasipala. Olu hlahlo lwabiwo-mali lusebenza njengesiseko seminikelo yemali evela kwinqanaba lephondo nelikazwelonke. Ikwanokunceda ulawulo lukamasipala ukubona ukuba iindleko zezo nkqubo zisengqiqweni kusinina ngokuphathelele kweminye imiba yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ukuba kunokwenzeka iindleko zixhome kakhulu ngendlela engamkelekanga, kuya kuqwalaselwa kwakhona iSicwangciso seNkqubo ukuze kufikelelwe kwinkqubo exabiso liphantsi ye-IDP okanye kuya kufuneka kukhangelwe iminikelo evela kweminye imithombo.
Iimveliso ezifunekayo Uludwe lwezinto ekuchithelwe kuzo imali indleko zento nganye, amanani ezinto ngazinye nesambuku sendleko zonke zenkcitho eyenziweyo.
Zonke iindleko ezongezelelekileyo.
Inkqubo ecetywayo Imithombo efunekayo kumelwe iboniswe kwiSicwangciso seXesha eLibekiweyo neeMfuno Zemithombo kumsetyenzana ngamnye oyintloko ocwangciswayo.
Ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso, iindleko zinokubalwa zishwankathelwe ngohlobo lwenkcitho.
Kwiimeko apho izambuku zeendleko zixhome ngendlela engamkelekanga, iKomiti Ephetheyo iya kuxubusha iindlela nezinto zokunciphisa iindleko ngokukhangela iindlela ezinamaxabiso aphantsi okanye ngokucetywa kwemisetyenzana okanye ngokuthoba indlela yokucetywa kwemisetyenzana eyilwayo.
Ekubeni kungenakwenzeka ukuthelekelela zonke iindleko zezicwangciso ngokuchanekileyo ngaphambi kokuqalisa iinkqubo yocwangciso uhlahlo lwabiwo- mali lwenkqubo ye-IDP luza kunyanzeleka lusebenze ngokuthelekelela.
Uhlahlo lwabiwo- mali lwenkqubo ye-IDP lomlinganiselo wodidi olungu-B lukaMasipala (malunga nabantu abali-100 000) alufanelanga ludlule kwimali engama-R200 000,00.
Iimfuno zenkcazelo zidla ngokubaziindleko ezinkulu. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni apho kukho ulwazi oluncinane olufumanekayo. Kwiimeko ezilolo hlobo umntu ufanele anikele ingqalelo ukuba akunakuqokelelwa yonke inkcazelo efunekayo kwikhondo lokuqala lwenkqubo ye-IDP kamasipala osemtsha. Ukucetywa okusengqiqweni kudla ngokwenziwa kakuhle ngokuthi kusekelwe kwintelekelelo esengqondweni echubekileyo.
Iindleko zokuba nenxaxheba zinokubekwa kwinqanaba elamkelekileyo ukuba abo babanenxaxheba benziwe basazi isibakala sokuba yinto abanomdla kuyo ebandakanyekileyo kwinkqubo yoko kucetywayo asingomsebenzi abawuhlawulelwayo.
Isakhelo luxwebhu olukhokelayo olulungelelanisa inkqubo ecetywayo phakathi koomasipala naphakathi koomasipala nesithili esifanelekileyo. Isakhelo sifanele siphuhliswe kumsebenzi owenziwa ngokuhlangeneyo kwaye sibophelele kwisithili nakoomasipala basekuhlaleni.
Iindlela nemigaqo yolungelelwano nokuhlangana (bona isahluko 6).
Iimfuno zezicwangciso ezibophelelayo ngokusemthethweni (bona isahluko 7).
Imigaqo yokubeka esweni iSicwangciso seNkqubo nokulungiswa kweSakhelo.
Uwiso mthetho (Umthetho Wobume booMasipala).
Oomasipala bayila iinkqubo zokulungelelana neemfuno.
Izithili zilungiselela umsebenzi kuquka uludwe olubophelelayo lowiso mthetho neemfuno ezicetywayo.
Kukuphuhlisa nokuvumelana ngowiso mthetho olubophelelayo ngokusemthethweni nemiqulu efanelekileyo.
Ukwamkela iSakhelo ngokweBhunga leSithili.
Isakhelo simele sinikelwe ingqalelo ngabo bonke oomasipala abakwimida yesithili ngeli xa belungiselela iSicwangciso seNkqubo.
Inkqubo yeSakhelo sisishwankathelo seNyathelo leNkqubo yesithili neeNkqubo zenyathelo likaMasipala eziqwalasela imisebenzi yesithili ngokubanzi efanele ithatyathwe kunye ngendlela elungeleleneyo (umz. indlela yomsebenzi wesithili ngokubanzi). Ngamanye amazwi sisixhobo solungelelwano phakathi koomasipala nesithili esifanelekileyo.
Imigaqo yokubekwa esweni kweSicwangciso seNkqubo nokulungiswa kweSakhelo.
Umasipala ngamnye uya kuzithwalela uxanduva lokubeka esweni iZicwangciso zeNkqubo zakhe ezicetywayo ukuqiniseka ukuba iNkqubo iyalandelwa njengoko kuvunyelwene.
Umasipala ngamnye umele azise uMasipala wesithili ngokuphambuka kweNyathelo leNkqubo oko okuthi kuchaphazele imisetyenzana yesithili ngokubanzi umzk.
Bonke oomasipala bafanele bavumelane ngaphambi kokuba iSakhelo silungiswe.
Isigaba socalulo kufuneka sithathe ngokwe-avareji iinyanga ezi-3 sigqitywe. Yonke imisetyenzana yoCwangciso kufuneka icwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba yenzeke ngeli xesha.
Isigaba seendlela zobuchule kufuneka ngokwe-avareji sithathe iinyanga ezi-2 sigqitywe. Umsetyenzana woCwangciso kufuneka ucwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba wenzeke ngeli xesha.
Isigaba samaphulo kufuneka ngokwe-avareji sithathe iinyanga ezi-2 sigqitywe. Imisetyenzana yoCwangciso kufuneka icwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba yenzeke ngeli xesha.
Isigaba sohlanganiso kufuneka ngokwe-avareji sithathe iiveki ezi-6 sigqitywe. Imisetyenzana yoCwangciso kufuneka icwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba yenzeke ngeli xesha.
Isigaba sokuvunywa kufuneka ngokwe-avareji sithathe iiveki ezi-6 sigqitywe ukuze singeniswe kwiLungu leSigqeba soLawulo. Imisetyenzana yoCwangciso kufuneka icwangciswe ngohlobo lokuba yenzeke ngeli xesha.
Iinjongo zoPhuhliso loMhlaba (indawo yalo iza kuthathwa lucwangciso lwendawo njengemfuno emayifakwe njengenxalenye kwi-IDP).
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IKomishini yeeNkonzo zoluNtu (PSC) liziko loluntu elizimileyo kwaye elingenakhethe elamiselwa ngokuphathelele kwiGatya 196 lomGaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996. Umsebenzi nokuxhotyiswa kwePSC, kukuphanda, kukongamela nokuvavanya umbutho nolawulo lweNkonzo zoluNtu. Eli gunya likwaqulethe nokuvavanya iimpumelelo okanye ukusilela kweenkqubo zikaRhulumente. Kunxunyumaniswa namagunya angasentla iPSC inembophelelo yokuphucula amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukwenza okufanelekileyo nokulungileyo kwiNkonzo yoLuntu nokuphucula iinqobo ezisemgangathweni nemithetho-siseko yolawulo loluntu njengoko imiselwe kumGaqo-siSeko kwiNkonzo yoLuntu xa iyonke.
IKomishini ifumana amagunya kwigatya le-195 nele-196 lomGaqo-siseko, 1996.
Umgangatho ophezulu weenqobo emikhwa esisekweni yobuchule/yobugcisa.
Ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo, okunoqoqosho nokusebenzayo kobutyebi.
Uphuhliso loqhelaniso nolawulo loluntu.
Iinkonzo kufuneka zibonelelwe ngokungenakhethe, ngobulungisa, ngokulingana nokungathathi cala.
Iimfuno zabantu kufuneka ziphendulwe kwaye uluntu kufuneka lukhuthazwe ukuba luthathe inxaxheba kukwenziwa komgaqo.
Ulawulo loluntu kufuneka lumelwe.
Ukwakha ulawulo lwemicimbi yabasebenzi kunye nokuphuhlisa iinkqubela-phambili zobomi.
Umelo lolawulo loluntu ngomsebenzi nemisebenzi yolawulo lwabasebenzi esekelwe kubuchule, kukungabi namtsalane bucala, kubulungisa nakwimfuno ypkulungisa ukungalingani kwexesha elidlulileyo.
Ukuphucula iinqobo ezisemgangathweni nemithetho-siseko yolawulo yoluntu emiselwe ligatya 195 lomGaqo-siSeko lweNkonzo yoLuntu xa iyonke.
Ukuphanda, ukongamela nokuvavanya umbutho, ulawulo, ukwenza kwabasebenzi beNkonzo zoLuntu, ingakumbi ukubambelela kwiinqobo ezisemgangathweni nemithetho-siseko emiselwe ligatya 195, kunye neenkqubo zeNkonzo yoLuntu.
Ukucebisa amalungu karhulumente esizwe nawamaphondo ngokuphathelele kwimisebenzi yabasebenzi.
Ukunika ingxelo ngokufunyanisiweyo nezindululo kanye ngonyaka ubuncinane kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yesizwe okanye yephondo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Ukunika ingxelo ngemibandela yokuxhalaba yokusebenza kwangoko kwigosa elilawulayo elifanelekileyo..
Ukuphanda izikhalazo zabasebenzi nokucebisa ukulungiswa okufanelekileyo.
Le mimandla icwangciswe kwiinkqubo ezimbini, ezizezi: Uphando nokuPhononongwa kwe-HR kunye nokoNgamela nokuVavanya.
IKomishini yamiselwa ngokuphathelele kwiGatya le-196 lomGaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika,1996. UmGaqo-siseko ufuna iKomishini yeNkonzo zoluNtu enye yeRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika enamalungu alishumi elinesine, amahlanu awo anyulwa nguMongameli ngokucetyiswa yindlu yomdibaniso weSizwe, ekubeni elinye ilungu lephondo ngalinye limiselwa yinkulumbuso. Ikomishini imele indlu yoWiso-mThetho yeSizwe apho kufuneka inike ingxelo kanye ngonyaka ubuncinane. Kufuneka kwakho inike ingxelo ngemisebenzi yayo kumaphondo , kwizindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaphondo.
Ukuhambisana nomgaqo-siseko ochazwe ngasentla i-PSC ineekomishina ezili-14: Ezi- 5 iikomishina zisePitoli enye ikomishini ihlala kwiphondo ngalinye. I-PSC ixhaswa yi-ofisi yeKomishini yeNkonzo zoluNtu (OPSC), entloko yayo inguMongameli-Jikelele, (oligosa elinika ingxelo) one-ofisi eyintloko ePitoli ne-ofisi yesithile enye kwiphondo ngalinye. Ezi ofisi zisebenza njengesiseko seekomishina ezikumaphondo kwaye zilawulwa ngaboNgameli beziThili kunye nesitafu esincinane. Iindima ezizodwa nemimandla yokwenza engundoqo ichongelwe ii-ofisi zezithili.
Amalungu eKomishini anyulwa nguMongameli ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kuJanyuwari wowe-1999. Ukuqalisa ukusebenza ngokusesikweni kweKomishini kwalibaziseka kwade kwaba ngumhla woku-1 kuJulayi wowe-1999 ngenxa yobunzima bomthetho ngokuphathelele kwiingqiqo ezithile zomThetho woLungiso wemiThetho yeNkonzo yoluNtu, 1997.
Ngomhla woku-1 kuJulayi wowe-1999, uMthetho woLungiso lweNkonzo yoluNtu, 1997 negatya 15 lomThetho weIKomishini yeeNkonzo zoluNtu, 1997, nokupheliswa koMthetho wolawulo lwekomishini, 1984, lwenzeka kwaze kwabangela ukuba ikomishini isebenze ngokupheleleyo.
Njengoko kuyimfuneko uMongameli kufuneka onyule amalunga alishumi elinesine ekomishini. Amalungu amahlanu akwi-Ofisi eyintloko ePitoli aze alithoba abe kwiphondo ngalinye.
Isakhiwo sombutho we-PSC senziwe ngokwenjongo zobuchule kunye nemimandla yokusebenza.
Umsebenzi weKomishini wenziwe ngokwemimandla emithandathu njengoko kuchaziwe phantsi kwesihloko 1 ngasentla. Le mimandla yahlulwe kumaSebe emisebenzi emibini, ilelo linemimandla egqalisele kuyo emithathu. Amasebe emisebenzi emibini ixhaswa ziiNkonzo eziBumbeneyo kunye neSebe loDibano loMmandla ezinika iinkonzo zolawulo nenkxaso jikelele kumasebe emisebenzi emibini.
Eli Sebe linika ulawulo lwemali nolawulo jikelele, ulawulo lolungiselelo nolwabasebenzi; neenkonzo zolwazi lweteknoloji nonxibelelwano kunye nezinye iinkonzo zenkxaso ezisetyenziswa ekwenziweni komgaqo.
Isebe: UPhando nokuPhengululwa kweMicimbi yabaSebenzi - Injongo yeli sebe kukuba ikomishini ibe nako ukuphucula imicimbi yabasebenzi, nokuphicotha iincwadi zemali zolawulo loluntu nokuphanda nokuphucula imisebenzi echasene norhwaphilizo nokuphonononga ukuzalisekiswa kwemigaqo yemicimbi yabasebenzi kwiNkonzo yoluNtu.
ISebe: Ukongamela nokuvavanya -Injongo yeli sebe kukumisa imigangatho ephezulu yobunkokeli benkonzo zoluntu, ulwalulo olufanelekileyo nokuphucula ukuhyaznjiswa kweenkonzo ngokuthatha inxaxheba yoluntu.
Isikhokelo sendlela yokusebenzisa ukuphuculwa kokufikelela kuMthetho wolwazi, 200 ukho kwikomishini yamalungelo abantu baseMzantsi Afrika.
Nemizuzu yeentlanganiso zeCandelwana.
Amaxwebhu ethenda afunyenwe kubaxhobisi emva kokukhutshwa kwayo; kunye nezivumelwano nabaxhobisi.
Uphicotho lwencwadi zemali kunye nophando kwimisebenzi yolawulo loluntu.
Ukukhusela ukonakala kunye nokuhlola indlela ezithi inkqubo kunye nokusebenza kweziko lemicimbi yabasebenzi ethi isetyenziswe ngayo.
Ukwandiswa kwemithetho elawula ezemisebenzi kwimicimbi yoluntu kunye nokusebenza kolawulo.
Ukukhuthaza unikezelo lwenkonzo ngokuthi uluntu lonke luthabathe inxaxheba kunye nokulandelwa kophicotho lwencwadi zemali.
IGatya 15 lweSaziso zokuBhengeza ngokuziThandela ngokuphathelele kwiindidi zeerekhodi zePSC/OPSC, ezikhoyo ngaphandle kokucelwa kokufikelelwa ngokuphathelele kwiinkqubo zokuPhuculwa kokuFikelela kumThetho woLwazi ziya kuhlaziywa kanye ngonyaka ubuncinane kwaye zipapashwe kwiGazethi kaRhulumente. Esi Saziso sikho kwiwebhusayithi yePSC, www.psc.gov.za. iSaziso sinika ukufikelela kuzo zonke iingxelo ezipapashiweyo kwaye zaziswa epalamente kunye nezinye iirekhodi zewebhusayithi yePSC ngaphandle kokuba umntu enze isicelo ngokuphathelele kuMthetho ochaziweyo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ezinye iingxelo zamaphondo athile namasebe ezenziwa yiPSC zikho kumaphondo nakumasebe ahlukahlukeneyo. Ukongeza iNgxelo yoNyaka yePSC, iincwadi ezibhalelwe amalungu athile/iimagazini, izibhebgezo, iincwadana zifumaneka ngokuzenzekelayo kwiinkonzo zolwazi nonxibelelwano ngoMnumzana Ben De Villiers, kule dilesi Bend@opsc.gov.za, okanye kwifowuni 352-1059. Uluhlu olunzulu lwamaxwebhu afumaneka ngokulula iqulethwe kwiGatya 15 leSaziso ekubhekiselelwe kuso ngasentla.
umceli kufuneka athobele zonke iimfuno zenkqubo ezikuMthetho ezinxulumene nokufikelela kwelo rekhodi; kwaye ukufikelela kwelo rekhodi alaliwa akowesiphi isizathu sokwaliwa esichazwe kumThetho.
Umceli kufuneka asebenzise ifomu (ifomu A) eyapapashwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente (iSaziso sikaRhulumente R187 somhla we- 15 kuFebruwari 2002).
Umceli kufuneka kwakho achaze ukuba umceli ufuna ikopi yerekhodi okanye umceli ufuna ukuza kujonga iirekhodi kwii-ofisi zombutho woluntu (PSC/OPSC). Okanye ukuba irekhodi alilophepha liluxwebhu, singaphononongwa kwifomu yesicelo apho kunokwenzeka.
Ukuba umntu ucela ukufikelela kwifomu ethile (umzekelo, ikopi yephepha, ikopi yombane njalo njalo) umceli kufuneka afumane ufikelelo kuloo fomu ngaphandle kokuba oko kwenziwayo kuya kuphazamisa ukusebenza kombutho woluntu obandakanyekayo (PSC/OPSC), okanye konakalise irekhodi, okanye kwaphule ilungelo lombhali elingelilo elikarhulumente. Ukuba ngezizathu ezibambekayo ufikelelo alunakunikwa kwifomu efunekayo kodwa lunikwa kwenye ifomu kwakufuneka kubalwe umrhumo ngokwendlela umceli aqale wacela ngayo.
Ukuba umceli ucela ulwazi egameni lomnye umntu, isikhundla ekwenziwa kuso isicelo kufuneka sichaziwe.
Ukuba umceli akakwazi kufunda okanye ukubhala, okanye unokukhubazeka isicelo serekhodi sinokwenziwa ngomlomo. Igosa lolwazi kufuneka agcwalise ifomu egameni lomceli kwaye amnike ikopi yefomu egcwalisiweyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zemirhumo efuneka ihlawulwe ngokuphathelele kumThetho, eyile umrhumo wesicelo kunye nomrhumo/imali wokufikelelaThere (wokwazisa ngesigqibo esiphathelele ekunikweni kokufikelela).
Umceli ofuna ukufikelela kwirekhodi eliqulathe ulwazi lwakhe, loo mceli akufuneki ahlawule mrhumo/mali wesicelo. Ongomnye umceli kufuneka ehlawule umrhumo wesicelo ongama- R35 (ehlawulwa kwimibutho yoluntu).
Igosa lolwazi kufuneka lixelele ngesaziso umceli (ongengunye umnikazi wolwazi) ngemali emiselweyo ehlawulelwa isicelo esifunwayo (ukuba kufuneka ihlawulwe) nediposithi (ukuba ngaba iyafuneka) phambi kokuba kulungiswe isicelo.
Umceli angenza isibheno sangaphakathi apho kuyimfuneko okanye isicelo senkundla ukuchasa umnikelo wexabiso elithile okanye intlawulo yesicelo.
Emva kokuba igosa lolwazi lenze isigqibo ngesicelo, umceli kufuneka axelelwe ngesigqibo eso ngendlela umceli agfuna ukuxelelwa ngayo.
Ukuba isicelo sinikiwe enye imali yokufikelela kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuvelisa nokukhangela nokulungiselela naliphi ixesha elifunekayo elingaphezulu kweeyure ezibekelwe ukukhangela nokulungisa irekhodi yokubhengeza.
Ukufikelela kwirekhodi kuya kubanjwa ade umceli ahlawule yonke imali efunekayo.
Imisebenzi yePSC/OPSC, emiselwe kwisahluko 1 yeyokuba amaxumi bayo yindlu yomdibaniso nezindlu zowiso-mthetho zamaPhondo, amanye amasebe karhulumente kunye namaziko/imibutho yoluntu kwaye ayihambisi ngqo iinkonzo kuluntu. Nangona kunjalo olunye ulwazi malunga nenkonzo yoluntu, isimo senkonzo yoluntu kunye nophando kukwaneliswa kwabemi malunga neekonzo zikarhulumente zingafunyanwa kwiinkonzo zolwazi nonxibelelwano: Bend@opsc.gov.za. Uluntu lunokufikelela nakwinombolo yefowuni engahlawulelwayo echasene noorhwaphilizo yesizwe yenkonzo zoluntu (0800 701 701), egcinwa kwaye elawulwa yiPSC.
I-PSC yongamela kwaye ivavanya iinkqubo zenkonzo zoluntu ngenjongo yokunika uncedo kuze apho kuyimfuneko yenze uphando ukufumanisa niindlela zokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kwiinkonzo zoluntu. Nangona iPSC ingabandakanyekanga ngqo ekwenziweni komgaqo-nkqubo ihambisana negunya layo lokongamela nokuvavanya ubulunga bolawulo nokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo, inika uluntu ukuba ithuba lokubhekisa ilizwi kwindlela elifuna imigaqo yakhiwe ngayo ngokucebisana koluntu neenkqubo zohlolo zokwenza ezidwelisiwe ngasezantsi.
I-PSC yenza uphando olwahlukeneyo ukuya kutsho ekunikeni iingxelo esaziswa kwiNdlu yoWiso-mThetho yeSizwe, kwiziNdlu zoWiso-mThetho zamaPhondo. Ezi ngxelo zazisa inkqubo yokwenza umgaqo-nkqubo nomthetho.
Apho kungayimfuneko i-PSC ize nemithetho okanye izikhokelo ezinokunceda ukuphucula ulawulo kunye/okanye ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kwiinkonzo zoluntu.
Ukulungisa ngokuphathelele kwizenzo okanye intsilelo kwisenzo ngokuphathelele kumThetho woPhuculo wokuFikelela kuLwazi: Igosa lesibheno sangaphakathi kwiinjongo zalo mthetho nguSihlalo weKomishini yeeNkonzo zoluNtu (amagatya 74-77). Emva kokuphelisa ukulungiswa kwesibheno sangaphakathi umceli angafaka isikhalazo enkundleni (amagatya 78-82).
Umsebenzi weenkonzo zoluntu angafaka isikhalazo sokuba kuphandwe yiKomishini yeeNkonzo zoluNtu ngokuphathelele kwisenzo saseburhulumenteni okanye ukushiywa igatya lama-35 lomThetho weeNkonzo zoluNtu, 1994. Imithetho kwindlela yokufaka izikhalazo ipapashwe kwigazethi kaRhulumente 23635 yomhla we- 19 Julayi yowama-2002.
Umntu angafaka isikhalazo kumhloli wemisebenzi ngokuphathelele nakokuphi ukwaphulwa okubangwayo kweeMeko ezisisiSeko zomThetho weNgqesho, 1997 Umthetho wama- 75 wowe-1997 - igatya 781a, okanye umThetho wobuLungisa kwiNgqesho t, 1998 Umthetho wama- 55 wowe-1998 - igatya 34e.
Umntu akafaka isikhalazo kuMkhuseli woluNtu ngokuphathelele kwisenzo saseburhulumenteni esingafanelekanga okanye esikrokrelwa ukuba asikho mthethweni okanye ukushiywa umthetho womGaqo-siSeko nowoMkhuseli woluNtu, 1994, umThetho wama- 23 wowe- 1994.
Umntu angafaka isikhalazo kwiKomishini yamaLungelo oluNtu yoMzantsi Afrika ngokuphathelele kwisenzo saseburhulumenteni okanye ukushiywa esirhanelwa ngokuba saphalwe okanye sisongela naliphi ilungelo elisisiseko umThetho wamaLungelo oluNtu, 1994 umThetho wama-54 wowe-1994.
Ukuze ukhuselwe kwimpindezelo ngenxa yokubhengeza isimo esingafanelekanga okanye esingekho mthethweni somqeshi okanye umseebezni ongumlingane, loo mntu ubandakanyekayo kufuneka elandele iinkqubo zomThetho woKhuselo kuBhengezo, 2000 (Umthetho wama- 26 wowama- 2000).
Ukusetyenziswa kokunye ukulungiswa okusemthethweni okufana neziko leenkqubo zokuphononongwa kobulungisa besenzo zolawulo ngokuphathelele kumThetho wokuPhucula woLawulo lobuLungisa, 2000 (umThetho wesi- 3 wowama- 2000).
Umntu angacela izizathu zesenzo solawulo ngokuphathelele kumThetho woPhuculo woLawulo lobuLungisa , 2000 (igatya 5).
Umntu angacela ukufikelela kwiirekhodi zesebe likarhulumente okanye zomnye umbutho woluntu ngokuphathelele kumThetho woPhuculo wokuFikelela kuLwazi, 2000 (igatya 11).
Umsebenzi wenkonzo yoluntu kufuneka ngexesha lakhe lomsebenzi wasemthethweni azibophelele kwiKhowudi yokuziPhatha wyabasebenzi benkonzo yoluntu kwaye axelele amagosa afanelekileyo ngobuqhophololo, urhwaphilizo, ukukhetha izalamane ekwabeleni uncedo xa umntu esemagunyeni, ukungalawuli ngokufanelekileyo okanye nasiphi isenzo esikhubekisayo esinokonakalisa umdla woluntu. Umsebenzi osilelayo nokuthobela oku unetyala lokungaziphathi kakuhle. (umThetho B.3 no- C.4.10 wesahluko 2 semiThetho yeNkonzo yoluNtu, 2001).
Imfanelo yomqeshi ngamnye kunye nomsebenzi kukwazisa isimo solwaphulo-mthetho kunye nasiphi isimo sokungaziphathi ngokufanelekileyo emsebenzini esisekelwe kumThetho woKhuselo lokuBhengeza, 2000 (KwiNtshayelelo).
Ukuba kuyimfuneko i-PSC/OPSC iya kuhlaziya kwaye ipapashe incwadi yayo yokufundisa ngokubhekiselele kwigatyana legatya 14, kwizithuba ezingekho ngaphezulu kunonyaka.
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Qiniseka okokuba umntu onesikhalazo ukhuselekile kwaye unemfihlelo. Ngalo lonke ixesha phatha umntu onesikhalazo ngembeko kunye nesidima. Yicacise inkqubo njengoko yenzekile. Khumbula okokuba namadoda anokuhlaselwa ngokungafanelekanga.
Fumana iinckukacha zolwaphulo mthetho ezizizo uze uthathe ingxelo kumntu onesikhalazo, ngokuthi ubhale phantsi amagama owasebenzisileyo ukucacisa isiganeko eso.
Umntu kufuneka akwazi ukufunda ingxelo. Ukuba akanako ukufunda kufuneka umfundele ingxelo. Lungisa iziphene ezikhoyo phambi kokuka enze intsayino.
Qagamshelana namagosa aqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukusebanza ngoNdlobongela bosapho, Ukhuseleko lwaBantwana kunye namatyala anxulumene nesini ukuba othathele kuwo uphando aze athathe ingxelo ecacisiweyo.
Vula isishwankathelo setyala esizotyiweyo. Nika inombolo yetyala kwaye, apho kufunekayo nika ikopi yengxelo umntu lowo unesikhalazo.
Fumana kwaye utshekitshe kwakhona idilesi yomntu onesikhalazo kunye nedilesi zabanye abantu ekunokuhlanganwa nabo abanje ngosapho okanye izihlobo. Yenza oku kuqapheleke kwidayari yophando.
Cacisa ngemfuneko yoxilongo lonyango uze uthathe umntu lowo unesikhalazo umse kuxilongo lonyango ngokukhawuleza.
A. Umntu onesikhalazo uxelele umntu ongomye ngesiganeko eso phambi kokuba asixele kuwe - lo mntu kufuneka enze ingxelo echazayo amagama kanye ncam kwakunye nemeko echukumisayo umntu onesikhalazo ebekuyo.
B. Ungumntu wokuqala oxelelwe ngumntu onesikhalazo - kufuneka ufake ingxelo echukumisayo umntu onesikhalazo abekuyo kwakunye namagama akhe ngqo.
Bhala ingxelo yokubanjwa ukuba ngaba umbambile umtyholwa orhanelekayo kwaye/okanye uthathe ubungqina obubambekayo.
A. Okokuba uza kucelwa ukuba ancede amapolisa ukuchonga umrhanelwa.
B. Okokuba uya kufuneka aye enkundleni kwaye angqine ngokwenzekileyo. Yiba soloko ugqithisela umntu onesikhalazo kwi - NGO ukuba afumane iingcebiso kunye nenkxaso. Sebenzisa uluhlu lokukhangela lwakho kwisitishi se-NGO's ezinika lee nkonzo.
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Irejista yokuKhusela umNtwana yenza uluhlu lwabantwana abanokwenzakala abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18, abafuna ukhuseleko. Irejista igcinwe ngunontlalontle ngaphakthi kwiSebe loPhuhliso lwezeNtlalontle lasekuhlaleni.
Ukugcina uluhlu lwabantwana abanokwenzakala abafuna iinkonzo zomsebenzi wentlalo.
Ukudibanisa umntwana nosapho lwakhe ngokukhawuleza kunontlalontle (umboneleli).
Ukongamela ityala ngalinye ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubulunga beenkonzo buyanikezelwa emntwaneni nakusapho.
Ngoko Mthetho oKhathalela umNtwana (No. 74 ka-1983) ababantu balandelayo banobuchule banyanzelwa ukuba banike nayiphina ingxelo ekrokrisayo yokuphathwa gadalala okanye yempatho mbi.
Ugqirha wamazinyo, ugqirha, umongikazi, unontlalontle, utitshala, nawuphina umntu osebenzayo okanye olawula iKhaya labaNtwana okanye Indawo yoKhathlelo okanye iKhusi.
Ngoko nangoko impatho mbi ikrokreleka ngexesha umntwana exilongwa, ephathwa okanye encedwa, fanele ixelwe kunontlalontle apho umntwana ahlala khona.
Kwi-ofisi ekufutshane yomsebenzi wezentlalo apho umntwana ahlala khona.
Naliphina ilungu loluntu / umhlali oxhalabileyo angayichonga impatho mbi enokwenzeka okanye impatho mbi kwaye angayixela kunontlalontle. Amagama akho ayakuba yimfihlo.
Idilesi yalapho umntwana ahlala khona ngoku kwaye nokuba akakho phambi komzali, idilesi yabazali.
Imihla neentlobo zeziganeko.
Iingcaciso zeenkcukacha ezibangela ukrokrelo.
Ingaba kukhona imbali yeziganeko ezigqithileyo.
Ingaba kukho inkcukacha zonxibelelwano zabanye abantu abanokungqina uthatho njengempatho mbi.
Kubalulekile ukuba unontlalontle abenazo iinkcukacha zakho zonxibelelwano kwifayile khon'ukuze akwazi ukulandela iinkcukacha ezithile kunye nawe.
Impatho mbi ngokuchukumisayo: Ingathabatha indlela yokusilela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomntwana eluthandweni, kwinyameko, ekukhuthazweni okanye kwimpatho mbi yokusoloko ungxoliswa, ukulahlwa, izisongelo zobugebenga okanye imizamo yokoyikisa umntwana.
Ukungakhathaleli: Ukusilela okuzingisayo ukukhusela umntwana ekungakhuselekini engozini, engqeleni, kwindlala, nasekungenzini imbonakalo yenkathalo ebalulekileyo, njl-njl.
Unontlalontle uza kundwendwela umntwana nosapho ukumisela ukuba umntwana ukwimfuno yokukhathalelwa nokukhuselwa.
Umntwana unokucelwa afuduke, kwiimeko apho umntu owonyelisayo nomntwana behlala ndaweni nye. Xa ngaba lento ayinakwenzeka, umntwana angahlala nommelwane, umhlobo, isihlobo okanye kwindawo yokhuseleko okwethutyana.
Akunjalo, kuphela kuxa ubomi bomntwana busengozini. Inqobo yokugcina umntwana nosapho lwakhe kangangoko ixatyisiwe. Kuthatho lwezigqibo, owona mdla ungcono womntwana iyakuba ngowongamelayo. Iintsapho nabantwana yinxenye yaso nasuphina isigqibo esenziwayo kwimeko yabo.
Akunjalo, ubhaliso ngokunokwalo aluchukumisi mfanelo zisemthethweni zomntwana kubazali okanye abakhathaleli. Ichukumisa kuphela ukuba inyathelo lomthetho fanele lithatyathwe (umzekelo: ukushenxiswa komntwana).
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Yintoni ingqesho ngokobulungisa nolingano?
Ukuzalisekiswa "kwamanyathelo enkqubo yokunikwa nokubuyekezwa kwamathuba emisebenzi kwabo babe sakuwavinjwa nawayefunyanwa kuphela ngamaqela athile akhethekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukumelwa ngokobulungisa nolingano kuwo onke amacandelo namanqanaba omsebenzi engqeshweni/ kubasebenzi."
Yintoni injongo YoMthetho weNgqesho ngokoBulungisa?
Ngubani okhuselweyo ngulo Mthetho?
Umthetho usebenza kubo bonke abasebenzi nabaqeshi kubandakanya nabaqeshi kumahlelo omabini, ihlelo langaphandle/lezoshishino kunye nalawo eenkonzo zoluntu. Isahluko sokuthintela ucalulo olungafanelekanka usebenza kubo bonke abaqeshi.
Ngubani ongakhuselwanga ngulo Mthetho?
Yintoni ucalulo olungafanelekanga ngokoMthetho?
Ucalulo olungafanelekanga lulo nalu phi udidi okanye uhlobo lokwahlukaniswa/ ukucalulwa ngenye okanye naziphi na zezi ndlela zilandelayo: ubuhlanga, isini, ukukhulelwa, umqondisa wewonga lokutshata, uxanduva/umthwalo lwentsapho, ubuhlanga okanye imvelaphi ngokomgangatho wentlalo, umbala, ukhetho lwesini ubani afuna ukuba siso okanye ukuthandana naso, iminyaka yobudala, ukukhubazeka, ukukholelwa, ubume ngokwe-HIV, isazela, inkolo, uluvo lwepolitiki, inkcubeko, ulwimi okanye ukuzalwa Icandelo 61 loMthetho weNgqesho ngokoBulungisa noLingano section 61 of the Employment Equity Act.
Yintoni ucalulo olufanelekileyo ngokumalunga noMthetho?
Kwenza umahluko ocacileyo, ukukhethela/ukuchwethela ecaleni okanye ukukhetha nabani ngokwesiseko esihambelana neemfuno zesikhundla.
Yintoni aManyathelo eNkqubo yokuBuyekezwa kwaMathuba kwabo babe sakuwavinjwa, ngokokuhambelana noMthetho?
UMthetho ubalula ukuba amanyathelo okubuyekezwa kwabo babe sakuvinjwa amathuba ngamanyathelo enzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abaneziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo abavela kumaqela afanelekileyo anamathuba engqesho alinganayo kwaye amelwe ngokulinganayo kumahlelo namanqanaba emisebenzi kwindawo yokusebenza yomqeshi okhethekileyo.
Ziintoni iimfuno zemvelo zomsebenzi?
Abaqeshi banakho ukuphendula okanye ukusabela kwisityholo socalulo esingafanelekanga ngokubonisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo, umthetho okanye isiqhelo sifanelekile ngokwesiseko sezinye zeempawu okanye iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo ekwenzeni umsebenzi.
Yintoni ucalulo olungqalileyo?
Ucalulo olungqalileyo lwenzeka xa ubani/umntu othe waphathwa ngendlela engaphantsi kunomnye kodwa abe ekwimeko ehambelana okanye enokuthelekaniswa nakuyo nayiphi imihlaba edweliswe edweliswe kwicandelo 62 okanye nawuphi na umhlaba wokuzithandela naxa lo mhlaba ungadweliswanga/ ungekho kuludwe.
Yintoni ucalulo olungangqalanga?
Ucalulo olungangqalanga lusingisele okanye lubhekise kwimigaqo nkqubo neziqhelo ezingacaluli ngokucacileyo phakathi kwabantu ngokwesiseko sendlela / umhlaba odwelisiweyo (kwanemihlaba enokuba kho engadweliswanga eMthethweni) kodwa ke noko kunjalo, lunefuthe localulo kumaqela okanye kubantu abathile.
Uhlukumezo lungachazwa njengesiqhelo okanye isenzo esiqhelekileyo samagqabantshintshi acaphukisayo okanye isenzo ekufaneleke ukuba saziwe ngokufanelekileyo njengesingamkelekanga. Ngamanye amazwi, yindlela yokuziphatha ecaphukisa inukuneze ummangali kwaye yaziwa okanye ifanelwe ukwaziwa njengengamkelekanga..
Ingaba uMthetho weNgqesho wobuLungisa noLingano uhlangabezana njani noHlukumezo?
UMthetho weNgqesho wobuLungisa noLingano uthatha uhlukumezo njengendlela yocalulo olungafanelekanga, kwaye ke abaqeshi kufanele ukuba bathathe amanyathelo okunciphisa nokuphelisa uhlukumezo engqeshwen. Apho ukuhlukunyezwa kwenzeka khona ngexesha lomsebenzi kuthe kweziswa kwaze kwaziswa kumqeshi ze umqeshi angathathi manyayathelo okuhlangabezana nengxaki, umqeshi uya kuphendula ngeso sityholo. Njengazo zonke ezinye iindlela zocalulo apho izityholo zocalulo zenziwe khona, umqeshi makabonise ukuba khange kube kho lucalulo okanye lube ucalulo belulolufanelekileyo.
Ziintoni iimfuno zodliwano ndlebe zoMthetho?
Lungiselela ingxelo yengqesho ngokobulungisa nolingano.
Abanye abasebenzi kuya kufuka ukuba bajonge indlela abachaza ngayo intetho ethi"indawo yomsebenzi" (workplace). ngenjongo yoMthetho. Ukunika nje umzekelo, uMthetho awucacisi ukuba ifektri nganye eyeyenkampani enye kufanele ukuba ibe nendlela yodliwano ndlebe okanye inkqubo yesicwangciso ekhethekileyo, nokuba okanye ingaba inkqubo ebekwe embindini iya kwenela na. Abaqeshi banganqwenela ukubandakanya imibutho yabasebenzi kulo mba, nangona ekugqibeleni iya kuba ngabaphathi/abalawuli abakhulu benza isigqibo sokuba kuqhakamshelwana kuliphi kanye inqanaba.
Yintoni umqobo weNgqesho ngokoBulungisa noLingano kunye noMthetho woMakulingwane?
Umqobo uba kho apho umgaqo nkqubo, isiqhelo okanye umba wemeko yomsebenzi inciphisa amathuba abasebenzi kuba bevela kumaqela ahlelelekileyo.
Yintoni efunekayo ekunikeni ingxelo yengqesho ngokobulungisa nolingano kunye nomthetho womakulingwane?
Abaqeshi kufaneleke ukuba bafake ingxelo yabo yokuqala kuMlawuli-Jikelele zingaphelanga iinyanga ezintandathu ukuthathela kumhla wokumiselwa koMthetho (i.e. iplani kulindeleke ukuba ingeniswe ngenyanga kaJuni 2000), okanye umhla wokuqala kwabo ukuba ngumqeshi omiselweyo kanye womhla apho baqale khona khona ukuba bangumqeshi osekiweyo ze bafake ingxelo qho ngonyaka ze emva koko bayifake ngomhla wokuqala wenyanga ka-Oktobha.
Bonke abaqeshi abonyuliweyo abaziinkampani zoluntu kufuneka bapapashe isishwankathelo seengxelo zabonjengenxalenye yengxelo -mali yazo yonyaka.
Ingxelo elungiselelwe ngamalungu eSizwe mazandlalwe phambi kwePalamente.
Ingaba uMthetho ukubona njani ukuthobela okanye ukuvumela?
Umthetho ubethelela ukukwazi ukuzilawula kwaye ubeka uxanduva kubasebenzi nabameli babo ukuba bathethe ngendlela eyanza ukuba amazwi abo avakale xa bekholelwa ukuba umqeshi akawuthobeli uMthetho?
Kungenzeka nto ni kwinkampani engawuthobeliyo uMthetho?
Ukonakala nokuhlazeka kwegama lenkampani emehlweni abantu.
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Ingxowa-mali yokhuphiswano sisibonelelo sokwabelana ngeendleko esinika inkxaso yemali koosomashishini ukuya kuthi ga kwi- 50% yeendleko zabo ezifanele ukubonelelwa. Oosomashihsini abavumelekayo kufuneka babandakanyeke kumashishini okwenza nokuvelisa nasekunikeni iinkonzo zoshishino oluvumelekayo.
Ukunika imali yokukhuthaz amashishini ukuze aphucule indlela asebenza ngayo kwaye afumane iinkonzo nobungcali bangaphandle.
Uphuhliso lwenkampani (uphuculo lokuphatha okusemgangathweni, ukufumaneka kwemigangatho), uqeqesho lokwakha ukhuphiswano.
Uphuhliso lweenkonzo imibutho engekho phantsi korhulumente, oshishino naworhwebo afuna ukuphuhlisa iimveliso neenkonzo ukuze athengise kumaqela/ kwiifemi ezichongiweyo.
Zinika izibonelelo ezifikelela kwizinga eliphezulu eliyi- 600 000 kumbonelelwa ngamnye ofanele ukubonelelwa.
Zincedisa iifemi ukuze zifumane awona mazinga aphezulu okhuphiswano kumazwe ehlabathi kwiimarike ezikekelele elizweni nasekuthumeleni izinto kumazwe angaphandle.
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Olu xwebhu kufuneka lufundwe njengenxalenye yeNkcazelo yeKharityhulamu yeSizwe eHlaziyiweyo yamaBanga ukusuka ku-R ukuya kwele-9 (ezikolo).
ITeknoloji inxulumene nokufunyanwa okunentsingiselo kunye nohlanganiso lwezakhono, ulwazi nokuxabiseka nokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zeteknoloji ezahlukeneyo ezifuneka ekusonjululweni kweengxaki ukuze kwandiswe ubuchule babantu.
Ukusetyenziswa kolwazi, izakhono, imithombo kufezekisa izidingo neemfuno zabantu ngokuphuhlisa izisombululo eziphathekayo kwiingxaki, ukuthathela ingqalelo iimeko zentlalo nezommandla'.
Ulwazi: KwiTeknoloji kufuneka abafundi bazi indlela izinto ezisebenza ngayo. Ulwazi lweengqiqo zeteknoloji ezahlukeneyo, iingqiqo ezifana nezixokelelwano nolawulo, izixhobo nokulungisa, izakhiwo nonxibelelwano nendlela zokuzisebenzisa xa kuveliswa izisombululo kubalulekile kubafundi.
Izakhono: Abafundi abafunda iTeknoloji kufuneka baphuhlise izakhono ezahlukeneyo ukuquka: izakhono zoguquguquko (oko kukuthi ukuqhelisa, ukusika nokudibanisa - besebenzisa kwaye belawula izixhobo zesandla nezixhobo ngokuchanekileyo), izakhono zonxibelelwano (ukusebenzisa isigama esifanelekileyo, izakhono zokuzoba nezonxibelelwano lokubhala), izakhono zentsebenziswano (oko kukuthi ubuchule bokunikezela ngeengcinga zabo kwiqela, ukusebenza nabanye), izakhono zokuyila (ukuba nakho ukwazi kufuneka kwenziwe ntoni, nini, njani kwaye kweziphi izithintelo).
Imithombo: Imithombo yeTeknoloji esetyenziswa ngokuhlangene nolwazi nezakhono ingaquka izixhobo, ixesha, abantu, imali, ulwaz, amandla noomatshini.
Izidingo neemfuno zabantu: ITeknoloji akufuneki yahlukaniswe kubantu. Isombulula iingxaki eziphathekayo ezinxulumene nobomi bemihla ngemihla. Inika abafundi ukuzithemba ekulungiseni izidingo neemfuno, amathuba okusombulula iingxaki nokuphendula ngokunentsingiselo kwiinguqulelo zeteknoloji.
Iimeko zentlalo nezommandla: Izisombululo eziveliswayo kufuneka zicinge ngemibamdela yamalungelo oluntu nempembelelo elindelekileyokummandla. Bafunda kwakho ukwenza izigqibo kwenzo ezifunekayo xa kuveliswa izisombululp. Ibenza babe nakho ukuqonda nokuzibandakanya ngokunzulu kwimiceli mngeni enikwa yiteknoloji kwiindima zabo ezizayo njengabemi, abaxhasi, abasebenzi nabazali kuMzantsi Afrika okhulayo.
Sikurwebo lwehlabathi kwaye uqoqosho lwethu olukhulayo luxhomekeke kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi lufuna ukuba abafundi abaninzi bathathe inkqubela ephambili yobomi (bafundele) kwiteknoloji ukuze babe nokuyila kwaye bavelise iimveliso nezinto ezintsha esizifunayo kwaye ezifunwa nangamanye amazwe. Ukthumela kwamanye amazwe iimveliso zoMzantsi Afrika nobuchule bobugcisa kuya kuphucula uqoqosho lwethu.
Xa kusazisa iTeknoloji abafundi banikwa amathuba okusebenzisana noshishini, namaziko ahlukeneyo, namashishini aya kubanceda ukuba baqonde kwaye balungele ubunyaniso boqoqsho oluguqukayo. Abafundi bafunda ukuphuhlisa iingcinga eziyiliweyo nezenza inguqulo, nentsebenziswano ekusebenzeni kokutolika iingcinga zabo kwisenzo. Bafumana izakhono, ulwazi, ubuchule ukuzithemba okubaxhobisa ukuba bahlole iziqalo zorhwebo eziya kubenza babenegalelo kuphuhliso lwentlola noqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika. Oku kuya bavumela kwakho ukuhlola amathuba ahlukeneyo okuqhubela phambili imfundo kunye nenkqubela phambili yobomi.
ITeknoloji inxulumene nokusombulula iingxaki eziphathekayo ngokusebenzisa izakhono ezahlukeneyo, imithombo ekhoyo nolwazi. Izakhono nolwazi ezisetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa izisombululo eziphathekayo zingafunyanwa kwezinye iiNkalo zeziFundo nakumava jikelele. ITeknoloji idlula imida yeNkalo yesiFundo yesithethe. Izisombululpo kwimiceli mngeni yobomi obuyinene zifuna inkqubo yezifundo kwaye oko kunikwa yiteknoloji kubafundi.
ITeknoloji inegalelo kuphuliseko lwabafundi ngokwengqondo nangokubonakalayo ukumelana nemiceli mngeni yoluntu lweteknoloji oluguqukayo. Ngenkqubo evulekileyo yesisombulo sengxaki iteknoloji inxulumanisa ukukwazi nokwenza ukuze ibe nakho ukunika abafundi amathuba ukuvelisa ubuchule bokusebenzisa nokuhlanganisa ulwazi lwabo nezakhono kwezinye iiNkalo zeziFundo kwimeko ezikhoyo neziphathekayo. Ngale ndlela baba ngabasebenzisi nabenzi beteknoloji, ubuchule bungasetyenziswa kwaye buphuhliseke ukuqhubela phambili kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kubomi babo bonke. Iteknoloji ifuna inkqubo yokugqithiselo nokuzimisela.
ITeknoloji inika amathuba akhoyo kubafundi okusebenzisana noluntu lwabo nommandla ukunxulumanisa amava esikolo nehlabathi elibanzi. Ngokutyhilela abafundi kwiingxaki zenene bafunda ukwenza izigqibo, bangene kwiingozi ezibaliweyo, ukuvavanya iinketho zabo nokufumana iindlela zokulungisa iingxaki eziyinyaniso zehlabathi.
Kumgangatho wabo abafundi baba nengqiqo yeemfanelo zabo ezikolweni zabo, kwiintsapho zabo nakuluntu jikelele. Bafumana ukuzithemba kubuchule babo bokwenza izigqibo malunga nemibandela yeteknoloji kwaye bathabathe inxaxheba ngempumelelo ngabanye ngabanye nangokwamalungu amaqela kwiingxoxo-mpikiswano nemisebenzi yeteknoloji.
ITeknoloji inempembelelo kubomi bomntu wonke. Abemi abanobuchule beteknoloji banakho ukwenza izigqibo malunga nokusebenzisa nangokungasebenzisa kakuhle iteknoloji. Ngobuchule beteknoloji obukwiqondo eliphezulu bonke abemi baya kuphuhlisa ingqiqo yempembelelo yeteknoloji kubani nakuluntu kunye neziphumo zayo kwintlalo enxulumeyo, kwiimeko zoqoqosho nommandla. Ingqiqo yeteknoloji inika ukuveliwa kwezenzo eziyiliweyo nezicingiweyo ukuphucula uncedo lweteknoloji ebantwini nakummandla nokuphepha iziphumo ezingafunekiyo. Abafundi baphuhlisa uvakalelo kummandla kwaye bafunda ukuvavanya nokwenza ngokwezisombululo zeteknoloji ezifanelekileyo, ngoko baphuhlise uhlobo labaxhasi abagwebayo abafunwa luluntu lwethu.
Ngokuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi yeTeknoloji eklasini, abafundi baba nengqiqo yeendlela ezahlukeneyo eziyinyaniso apho abantu baphendula kwiteknoloji nakwiguqulelo, kwaye baxabise impembelelo yotshintsho lweteknoloji enayo kumaqela abantu ahlukeneyo. Baphuhlisa ingqiqo yeenkolelo, ukuxabiseka nezithethe zabanye abantu nendlela ezi ezithi ziphembelela ngayo uphuhliso lweteknoloji.
Kwihlabathi leteknoloji eyandayo iNkalo yesiFundo kufuneka incede abafundi kwiinketho zabo nakwingqiqo yabo yokusebenzisa nokukhathalela iimveliso neenkozo ezikhoyo kubo.
Umfundi uya kukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhono neenkqubo zeteknoloji ngokwemfanelo nangokusesikweni esebenzisa ulwazi nonxibelelwano.
Ukuchonga nokusombulula iingxaki nokwenza izigqibo besebenzisa ingcinga enzulu neqiqayo.
Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nabanye njengamalungu eqela, emibutho nluntu.
Ukuzicwangcisa nokuzilawula becwangcisa kwaye belawula nemisebenzi yabo ngokuthembekileyo nangokufanelekileyo.
ImiGangatho yokuHlola kwesi siphumo icwangciswe phantsi kwezakhono zeteknoloji ezihlanu ezihalnganisiweyo.
Yonke imiGangatho yokuHlola kunye naleyo ikwisiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2 nesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-3 engezantsi zingaphunyelelwa ngamava okufunda asekelwe kwiprojekthi ezityhilela abafundi kuzo zonke iingqiqo zeNkalo yesiFundo ngendlela ehlanganisiweyo. Imisebenzi ekujoliswe kuyo ingasetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwimibandela ethile. Lo misebenzi kufuneka ujolise ekuphuhliseni izakhono ezithile.
IsiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2 kwiTeknoloji sisiphumo esidwelisa imiGangatho yokuHlola yeNgqiqo noLwazi lweTeknoloji. Umfundi uya kukwazi ukuqonda nokusebenzisa ulwazi lweteknoloji olufanelekileyo ngokusesikweni nangokufanelekileyo.
ImiGangatho yokuHlola kwesi siphumo icwangciswe phantsi kwemixholo emithathu.
Abafundi kufuneka babe nakho ukubonisa ukuphumelela kwezi ziPhumo zesiFundo.
Isiphumo sesiFundo sesi- 3 kwiTeknoloji (iTeknoloji, uLuntu noMmandla) sisPhumo sesiFundo esidwelisa imiGangatho yokuHlola yeteknoloji kuluntu. Umfundi uya kukwazi ukubonisa ingqiqo kulwalamano phakathi kwenzululwazi, koluntu nommandla.
Abafundi kufuneka babe nakho ukubonisa ukuphunyelelwa kwezi ziPhumo zesiFundo. ImiGangatho yokuHlola ekwiimeko ezinxulumene ngqo kumsebenzi weprojekthi ephathekayo kwaye ingakumbi ngokuphanda nokuvavanya iingqiqo ezithile zomsebenzi weprojekthi ofunyanwa kwisPhumo sesiFundo soku-1.
Ukubonisa ingqiqo yelizwe njengoluhlu lwezixokelelwano ezinxulumeneyo ngokunakana ukuba iimeko zokusombulula iingxaki azenzeki ngokwahlukeneyo.
Zonke iziPhumo zesiFundo zibalulekile kwaye kufuneka zenziwe zonke kunyaka ngamnye. IziPhumo zesiFundo zeTeknoloji zihlanganiswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye kufuneka zifundiswe ngalo ndlela. IsiPhumo sesiFundo soku-1 kufuneka sisetyenziswe ukuhlanganisa isiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2 nesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-3.
Njengokuba iziPhumo zesiFundo ezithathu zeTeknoloji zinxulumene, imiGangatho yokuHlola eyahlukeneyo evela kwiziPhumo zesiFundo ezithathu zingasetyenziswa kwiprojekthi enye, kodwa kufuneka kwenziwe oko ngendlela eya kuthi kunamathelane amava okufunda kwaye yenza iyunithi. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemiGangatho yokuHlola(njengoko kuzenzekela kwimeko enikiweyo) kufuneka inciphise umthwalo wokuyihlola.
Sisiqhelo esilungileyo kwiTeknoloji ukuhlanganisa imiGangatho yokuHlola yeziPhumo zesiFundo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuya kuvumela uhlolo lwemibandela enxulumene ngokuzenzekeleyo ukuba yenziwe kunye.
Umzekelo : Abafundi abakwiBanga lesi-6 bangaziswa ngengxaki enxulumene nendawo yokuhlala. Izisombululo ezilindelekileyo ziya kubandakanya izakhiwo. Xa kuhlolwa inqanaba lophando lomsebenzi womfundi umvavanyi/abavavanyi kufuneka acinge ngemiGangatho yokuHlola edweliswe phantsi kwesiPhumo sesiFundo soku-1 (isiphumo esingundoqo), kunye nemiGangatho yokuHlola yezAkhiwo yesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2 nomnye okanye engaphezulu kwezo zesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-3. Jonga lo mzekelo ulandelayo.
Eminye imiGangatho yokuHlola yesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-3, oko kukuthi iTeknoloji yemveli yintoni ephembelela ukwakhiwa kwendlu okanye kweheke yobuhlanti, njl.njl.
Ezinye iingqiqo zesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2, oko kukuthi iingqiqo ezithile ezisekelwe kwiZakhiwo - njengoonxantathu, ukuqina, njl.njl.
Ukuvavanya imveliso yabo kwisiseko somtsalane bucala kwiTeknoloji isiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-3 ingaba iingcango zendlu isakhiwo zakhiwe kakhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana nezitulo ezihambayo?
Ingqiqo ephandwayo yenkqubo yoyilo ibanzi kwaye ingajolisa kwiingqiqo ezithile kwiziPhumo zesiFundo ezahlukeneyo.
Imeko yemvelaphi: Xa umyili enikwe ingxaki, isidingo okanye ithuba ucinga ngamancedo nezithintelo isisombululo seteknoloji enokusizisa ebantwini nakummandla. Umzekelo abafundi bangaphanda isizathu esingundoqo esinika ukuvela kwesidingo sokwakha indlu. Ziya kudwelisa amancedo alindelekileyo okwakha isakhiwo esinjalo, ziya kubonisa iingxaki ezilindelekileyo ezingabangelwa ngummandla.
Iimveliso ezikhoyo ezifanele ingxaki, isidingo okanye ithuba zingathelekiswa neengcamango zoyilo lwabo (ngubani owayo, yeyantoni, ijongeka njani, yenziwe ngantoni, iisebenza kakuhle kangakananiinganempembelelo kummandla).
Ulwazi nengqiqo yezixhobo ezifanele ukuxhasa imithwalo ubunzima, amandla. Bacinga indlela izakhiwo ezingenziwa zizinze ngayo ubukhulu obusisiseko , ii-ankile zomhlaba, nendlela ezingomelezwa ngayo kusetyenziswa amacwecwe asikwe ngokunqamleza, iintsika ezinqumlezayo, oophinye-phinye abangunxantathu, umgobo.
ITechnoloji yeMveli: Ichaza iimfano kwiingxaki nezisombululo kuluntu lwabo nolunye, mandulo, ngoku, kwixesha elizayo. ITeknoloji izixakekisa ngeziqhelo zemveli, ukubandakanyo nogcino.
Iimpembelelo zeteknoloji: Zicebisa iindlela zokuphucula iimveliso zeteknoloji okanye iinkqubo ukunciphisa iimpembelelo ezingakhiyo ebantwini kunye/okanye impilo yommandla.
Imitsalane kwiTeknoloji: Icebisa indlela iimveliso zeteknoloji okanye iinkonzo ezingenziwa zifikelele ngayo kwabo bathintwe ngoku.
IsiPhumo sesiFundo soku-1 sisiPhumo sesiFundo seTeknoloji esingundoqo. Sibonakalisa umongo weNkalo yesiFundo, ngoko siveyisha ubunzima obukhulu kunezinye. IsiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2 nesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-3 zithwele ubunzima bogxininiso obufanayo. Kulandela oko isiPhumo sesiFundo soku-1 sifuna ixesha elininzi elingaphezulu kwixesha lezi zibini. Ekubeni kunjalo zonke iziPhumo zesiFundo kufuneka zenziwe kwimeko ehlanganisiweyo. Zonke iziPhumo zesiFundo kwiTeknoloji zibalulekile kuba esinye sigqibezela esinye kwaye azinakufundiswa ngokwahlukanisa.
Ukusetyenziswa kweNkqubo yoYilo kwenza isiseko sazo zonke iiprojethi/umsetyenzana/ umsebenzi. Esi siPhumo sesiFundo sithwele ubunzima obungaphezulu kwezi zibini.
Esi siphumo sizebenza ngokwakha nokusebenzisa ulwazi nezakhono kwiTeknoloji. Siyalingana ngobunzima nesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-3 esingezantsi.
Esi siphumo sibonelela ngelungu lophando kwintsebenziswano phakathi kweteknoloji noluntu.
Le theyibhuli engezantsi inika isishwankathelo semiGangatho yokuHlola kwiTeknoloji. Qaphela ukuba itheyibhuli ibonakalisa umongo wemiGangatho yokuHlola kuphela. Iinkcukacha zemiGangatho yokuHlola yeBanga ngalinye KUFUNEKA ibhekiselele kwiNkcazelo yeNkalo yesiFundo.
Uludwe olupheleleyo lweziPhumo zesiFundo nemiGangatho yokuHlola enxulumeneyo ibonakaliswe kwiRNCS.
Ukufumana ulwazi ngokuphathelele kwingxaki okanye isidingo.
Ukuphanda (ukuvavanya) iimveliso ezinxulumeneyo ezikhoyo.
Ukubhala ingxelo ecacileyo yokushwanakathela isidingo.
Ukucebisa izisombululo ezilindelekileyo.
Ukukhetha enye ngezizathu.
Indlela izisombululo ezinempembelelo ngazo kuluntu nakummandla.
Indlela izixokelelwano zoomatshi ezisebenza ngayo inzuzo.
Indlela izixokelelwano zombane ezisebenza ngayo.
Indlela iziombululo zingazizithintelo ngayo kumaqela athile neendlela ezilindelekileyo zokulungisa umtsalane bucala.
Icebisa kwaye irekhodisha iindlela ezimbini ubuncinane bezisombululo zengxaki, zesidingo okanye zethuba ezinxulumana ngokucacileyo nesishwankathelo soyilo nakwiinkcukacha ezinikiweyo nezithintelo.
Ukufunda nokufundisa kwiTeknoloji kufuneka kugqalisele ekuphuhliseni ubuchule beteknoloji ukuze abafundi baxhotyiswe ukuba bamelane nemiceli mngeni yoluntu lweteknoloji. Njengoko lonke uphuhliso luzibonakalisa kwiimeko zoqoqsho, zopolitiko, zentlalo nezommandla wendalo kukho imfuneko yokuqonda unxulumano phakathi kweteknoloji nale mimandla.
Uphuhliso malunga nobuchule beteknoloji bubuchule beteknoloji. Kwikharityhulamu yeTeknoloji yoMzantsi Afrika ukuvelisa isisombululo ngxaki kulele embindini wobuchule. Ukuze ngale nkqubo sanelise izidingo neemfuno kufuneka sibe nengqiqo yendlela noncedo lweenketho zethu.
Inkqubo yokusebenza kwiTeknoloji isekelwe kwiprojrekthi, oko kukuthi iiyunithi ezinamatheleneyo zomsebenzi zisasazwe kwixesha elandisiweyo. Nakubeni kunjalo kumathuba eprojekthi amadana kungayilwa ezimfutshane, ezakhiweyo kwaye ezigqalasele kwimisebenzi ukujolisa ekwakhiweni kwezakhono ezithile nakulwazi. Zonke iiprojekthi zeTeknoloji nemisebenzi yokufunda kufuneka iphuhlise ubuchule babafundi kwiziPhumo zesiFundo ezithathu. Ngenxa yenkqubo yohlanganiso kwikharityhulamu kwiTeknoloji, imisebenzi yohlolo ingazixakekisa ngomGangatho wokuHlola omnye okanye imiGangatho yokuHlola eliqela kuzo zonke iziPhumo zesiFundo. ImiGangatho yokuHlola ayinakuba nakho ukuzixakekisa ngayo lonke ixesha kwaye akulindelwanga ukuba kungafanelekanga ukuba yonke imiGangatho yokuHlola ibe nokuhlolwa ngalo lonke ixesha.
Kunjalo ukuphuhlisa ubuchule yinkqubo, ngoko abafundi kufuneka benikwe amathuba amaninzi okubonisa ubuchule kwiziPhumo zesiFundo. KwiTeknoloji kufuneka sijolise ekuphuhliseni izakhono zokugqithisela ezikhokelela kwintsebenziswano, kwindlela yenkqubo yokusombulula iingxaki kwiimeko ezininzi. Ukuba kufuneka siphumelele nawuphi umlinganiselo wempumelelo, ukufundisa nokufunda kufuna ngoko ukuba siphuhlise ngokukhutheleyo ubuchule kunxibelelwano, ekwenzeni iinketho, kubuchule bokubuza, ekutolikeni ulwazi nolwazi oluqokelelweyo, iimethodi nobuchule bokufunisela, izakhono zomlinganiselo osekelwe kuvavanyo, nobuchule bokuqiqa, njl. njl.
Ekufundiseni iTeknoloji inguquko kufuneka ibhekiselele ekujoliseni kumfundi. Utitshala kufuneka azise iingcinga ezintsha aze anike inkxaso kubafundi ukuba bazezele intsingiselo yezi zinto ngokwabo.
Ukufunda ngamava sisixhobo esinamandla ekuqinisekiseni ukufunda okunentsingiselo kwiTeknoloji. 'Ukuzimisela' kwiTeknoloji kufuneka kuthathelwe ukubhekiselela kukufunda - ngamava ngokuzibandakanya okuphathekayo ekuphandeni, ekuyileni, ekwenzeni, ekuvavanyeni nasekwaziseni/ekunxibelaneni iingcinga noyilo.
Kwiminyaka yokuqala yeTeknoloji abafundi kufuneka baqheliswe imisebenzi eya kwandisa ulungelelaniso lwezihlunu ezicekethekileyo. Ubuchule bokwenza nokusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo ezilula zokusika, zokubumba, zokusonga nokudibanisa izixhobo ezifana nephepha necwecwe kufuneka kuphuhliswe kweli nqanaba kwaye izakhono zokulinganisa zingafundiswa kwaye ziqheliswe. Abafundi kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba bacinge ngokuyiliweyo nangokunzulu xa beyila kwaye besenza izinto ezenziwa ngumntu (ii-atifethi). Izilumkiso ezikhuselekileyo kufuneka zikhuthazwe kubafundi ngalo lonke ixesha.
Kwinqanaba elilandelayo lokuphuhliswa kwabafundi kukuba bazame e ukubambana nendlela yenkqubo yokwenza iTeknoloji. Le nkqubo iya kunika imethodi ecetyisiweyo yokuqhubela phambili ukufunda kude kube kumgangatho weGETC. Abafundi kufuneka banikwe amathuba amaninzi okuphuhlisa ubuchule kwinkqubo yokuchonga iingxaki okanye izidingo, yokuvelisa izisombululo ekubeni bephengulula kwaye bephanda, yokwenza isisombululo ukufezekisa ingxaki okanye isidingo, yokuvavanya inkqubo nesisombululo ngokuphathelele kumlinganiselo, neyokunxibelelnaixesha lesenzo njengoko siqhuba. Xa bebandakanyiwe abafundi kule misebenzi bakha ulwazi nezakhono ekusebenziseni izixhobo nezinto zokwenza ngokukhuselekileyo ekuyileni nasekwaziseni nokusebenza nabanye njengelungu leqela. Njengokuba beqhubela phambili ubuchule bokuphanda obunobunkunkqele nokunika ingxelo kufuneka bekhuthaziwe.
Ootitshala kufuneka baqhubele phambili ukuphuhliswa komfundi kwinkqubo elungelelanisiweyo ejolise kuwo wonke umxholo oqukiweyo kwiNkalo yokuFunda ofana nesiziXokelelwano nokuLawulo (ukuquka kwizixokelelwano zoomatshini, izixokelelwano zombane, izixokelelwano ezisebenza ngoxinzelelo lolwelo/ zomoya - kwiimeko zokwenza nezokunika iinkonzo), izakhiwo ukuquka isakhelo, iqokobhe, nokuqina/ubunzima, nokulungisa ukuquka izixhobo zendalo nezinokudityaniswa ezifana nephepha, icwecwe, iimpahla, ukutya, iiplastiki njl.njl.
Ukwenza iteknoloji ibe semxholweni kwaye ibe netsingiselo kangangoko kumfundi kufuneka kumiselwe iiprojekthi nophando olunzulu kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Izidingo zoluntu zokwakha isizwe nokhuphiswano lwehlabathi: iimeko zeprojekthi kufuneka ziquke: ubunguwe qobo/uluntu, Amalungelo oLuntu, uMmandla, ulwazi noShishino.
Enye kwenzi inganika iiprojekthi ezithile zokuhlola/zokuphonononga.
Nayiphi imeko yeprojekthi ekhethiweyo emayenziwe eklasini kufuneka inobunyaniso kwaye kube lula ukuyizalisekisa. Le mizekelo ilandelayo yeemeko ezilindelekileyo inikelwe ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo. Izikolo zingasebenzisa ezinye zezi okanye zonke ukuvelisa iinkqubo zokufunda.
Impilo - indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo, izicoci, amanzi acocekileyo, ukukhubazeka, ezococeko, umoya ococekileyo, ulondolozo, njl. njl.
Ukwenza - ifashoni, umyili wangaphakathi ukhuseleko, iimveliso, umatshini osebenza njengomntu, urhwebo, izixhobo ezisebenza ngombane, iinkonzo, ubutyebi njl.
Indawo yokuhlala - ikhusi, imozulu, ukhuseleko, ufikelelo, amakhaya, izixhobo, njl.njl.
Ulimo - imveliso, iimpembelelo zommandla, izixokelelwano zonkcenkceshelo, ukutya, ukucinga iinkozo njl.njl.
Amandla - umoya, ulawulo, ezinokuhlaziywa/ ezingenakuhlaziywa, ezelanga, izibaso zezinto ezaziphila kudala, irabha okanye i-asbestos njl.njl.
ITeknoloji izama ukwenza igalelo kwinjongo yoMzantsi Afrika yokulingana ngokwemfundo.
Ufikelelo lobulungisa kumathuba okufunda alinganayo: Ukulingana, ukuba iinkqubo zohlolo ziyafana kwaye zinobulungisa.
Iimiqathango engundoqo yohlolo yile:ubunyaniso, ukuthembeka, ubulungisa, ukucaca nobumvoco.
Kufuneka luvelele izakhono ezininzi ezibanzi kunye nolwazi ezifuneka ekuboniseni ubuchule.
Kufuneka lube yinkqubo ehlanganisa ulwazi, izakhono, ukuxabiseka nokusetyenziswa kwazo okubonakalayo.
Kufuneka lwenziwe kubungqina obuqokelelwe kwiqela lamathuba kwaye kwiiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Iintlobo zohlolo kufuneka zijongwe kwaye zihlaziywe ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukungaguquguquki kutoliko lobungqina.
Umceli mngeni ongundoqo wootitshala beTeknoloji kukufika kwizigwebo zohlolo zabafundi babo ezifana nezigwebo ezingenziwa ngabanye ootitshala kweso sikolo okanye kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo. INkalo yesiFundo yeTeknoloji kule njongo inika isikhokelo kwisimo ' seziPhumo zesiFundo' ' nemiGangatho yokuHlola'. Ukuhlolwa koku akubalulekanga kukwahlukaniswa (uhlolo olungamasuntswana) kwaye yintlanganisela yale milinganiselo ebonisa ulwazi, izakhono, neembono ezona zifunwayo.
Njengelungu elisembindini kwinkqubo yokufunda - ngokunika ingxelo kwinkqubela phambili, amandla nobuthathaka kwaye luncede emva koko.
Kwaye sisixhobo sokuqinisekisa (kangangoko kunokwenzeka) umgangatho othile omiselwe ngaphambili wokuphumelela okwenzekileyo.
Olokuqala uhlolo kule luhlolo olwakhayo, olwesibini luhlolo olushwankathelayo. Jikelele, uhlolo belusetyenziselwa iinjongo zokwakha belungasetyenziselwa iinjongo zokushwankathela kuba bekusoloko kukho ukubandakanywa ngqo kukatitshal kwinkqubo yokwakha enokuthi oko sicinga ukuba siyakwazi (nokunika ingxelo) ngokubhekiselele kumfundi.
Injongo yohlolo kukwenza izigwebo malunga nabafundi. Ezi zigwebo zisekelwe kubungqina obaneleyo ngokubhekiselele kwisiphumo nomgangatho ocingelwayo. Obu bungqina buvela kwiqela leemethodi zohlolo ezahlukeneyo kwaye kufuneka zandiswe ekuhambeni kwexesha. Umgangatho wobungqina ofunwa ukuba ufezekiswe uya kuxhomekeka kukubaluleka kwesigwebo esichanekileyo, oko kukuthi umgangatho wengozi onxulumene nesigqibio esimiselweyo sokuba bungakanani ubungqina obufunywayo kwaye kufuneka sibe ngqongqo kangakanani kubunyaniso nokuthembeka kobungqina.
Uhlolo kwiteknoloji kungaphezulu kunokuhlola amalungu awodwa. Ugxininiso logqaliselo kwimigangatho yokuHlola okanye ukuhlola imisebenzi ngaphandle kwemeko yokufunda akusayi kukhokela kwizigwebo ezithembekileyo zobuchule beteknoloji. Umqathango we-OBE othi, 'bonke abafundi bangafunda' kufuneka ube phambili kwingqiqo yethu yohlolo. Kule meko ifilosofi exhasa uhlolo iyajongwa nokokuba ubungqina bukho kwaye benzeka kweliphi iqondo. Kulandela ukuba uhlolo lweeprojekthi kufuneka lwenziwe njengokupheleleyo (inkqubo nemveliso) kwaye kufuneka luzinge kwisimo.
Ukuze ubungqina bube nokuveliswa kufuneka kukho umsebenzi. Imisetyenzana okanye imisebenzi enjalo kuthiwa yimisebenzi yohlolo. ImiGangatho yokuHlola okanye amaqela emiGangatho yokuHlola eziPhumo zesiFundo kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukwenza izigwebo ngenkqubela phambili yomfundi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imiGangatho yokuHlola imisela ubuncinane ekufuneka buphunyelelwe kwibanga. Ootitshala bakhuthazwa ukuba balindele okungaphezulu kubafundi babo.
Iimethodi zohlolo olwakhayo kufuneka zivelelwe ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukunika ingxelo kuyafuneka ngexesha ' lemisebenzi yokunceda' enika abafundi amathuba okuphuhlisa izakhonoe ebuchuleni bokwenza imisebenzi. Irekhodi elizingileyo lokwenziwa ngumfundi kwimisebenzi yohlolo enxulumene neziPhumo zesiFundo soku-1, sesi-2 nesesi-3 kufuneka ligciniwe kwaye kurekhodiswe njalo. Uhlolo olushwankathelayo lona lumele isigwebo esilungelelanisiweyo sempumelelo yabafundi kwixesha elinikiweyo, oko kukuthi ekupheleni kweeprojekthi.
Ukwenza uhlolo lugqalisele, lube nobulungisa kwaye lulawuleke inkathalo kufuneka ithathiwe ekuyileni iinkqubo zokufunda, iishedyuli zomsebenzi noyilo lwezifundo, nakwimethodi neendlela zokufundisa nakuhlolo. Kukho inguqulelo ecacileyo kwindlela yokuhlola iTeknoloji - efuna kulungiswe iimpawu eziphathekayo. Qaphela ukuba ubunzima kwinkqubo bunzima ngokuthe kratya kunemveliso ebonakalayo eyenziweyo. Xa kulolwa imveliso eyenziweyo ugqaliselo lusekusebenzeni kwemveliso nakwizakhono zokwenza ezibandakanyiweyo. Izigqibo zohlolo ezenziweyo kufuneka zigqalisele kubulunga.
Uhlolo lobuchule bokwenza umsebenzi (isiPhumo sesiFundo soku-1) sisiqalo sezakhono oko kukuthi ngowuphi umgangatho wobuchule umfundi enze kuwo uphando, ukuyila, ukwenza, ukuvavanya nokunxibelelana.
Iimvavanyo kufuneka zisetyenziselwe ukuhlola ulwazi oluthile olusemxholweni kwaye oluyinyaniso kuphela kunye nezakhono ezithile. Iimvavanyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe kuphela kwiimeko apho zisemxholweni khona. KwiTeknoloji uvavanyo lungabandakanya iimvavanyo zephepha nosiba kunye nokuphathekayo.
Bahlole izakhono ngokwabo kwimeko.
Luhlole ulwazi ngokulusebenzisa kwimeko.
Luhlole umsebenzi ophathekayo ngokuqwalasela abafundi.
Ukunika ingxelo kuya kwenziwa ngokweeNkalo zeziFundo (kweyethu imeko ngokweTeknoloji). Ukuze ube nako ukunika ingxelo kwiTeknoloji kuya kufuneka sirekhodishe inkqubela phambili kwiziPhumo zesiFundo ezithathu. ImiGangatho yokuHlola inika isikhokelo semigangatho yempumelelo kwaye isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuhlola iziPhumo zesiFundo. Sisebenzisa iintlobo zohlolo ezahlukeneyo ezichazwe kumaXwebhu eziKhokelo zeSizwe zoHlolo kwiGET.
Iphepha lengxelo likaRhulumente lesi- 6 kwiziDingo eZithile zeMfundo: Isixokelelwano sokwakha iMfundo noQeqesho oluQukanisayo lakhiwe kwifilosofi entsha yemfundo noqeqesho. Ukuqukanisa kuqwalasela iimfuno zomgaqo-siseko zokufikelela, zokulungisa, zobulungisa nemfumdo elinganayo kubo bonke. Ngaphandle kwezinxaxhi ezimbalwa abantu abadala bayakhuphisana kwindawo efanayo yomsebenzi. Le ndlela intsha yokucinga icace kakhulu ukuba bonke abafundi kufuneka bafundiswe kwaye bahlolwe kwikharityhulamu efanayo nakwisikhokelo sohlolo esifanayo. Ngokufutshane uqukaniso kukusuka ekuhleleni abafundi ngokweendidi ukuya kumaqela athile anikwa inkxaso. Ukuba abafundi bafunda iikharityhulamu ezahlukeneyo kwakuthunyelwa imiyalezo embaxa/entsonkothileyo malunga newonga labo esikolweni kunye newonga labo njengabafundi nabantu.
Nangona bonke abafundi kufuneka bakwazi ukuphuhlisa ubuchule bokusombulula ingxaki kwaye baye kufunda ukuyila izisombululo ezifanelekileyo, ukubonisa okuyiliweyo okuthile, abanye abafundi banganezithintelo ezinokunqanda ukuphuhliseka kwezakhono ezithile. Umfundi okhubazeke ngokwenkangeleko akanakulindelwa ukuba enze imisebenzi efuna iqondo eliphezulu lobuchule bezandla. Kwishishini umyili akenzi mveliso ayiyilileyo. Ukuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iindlela kungakukuthintela ezo zithintelo. Ngokunjalo ezinye iintlobo zohlolo ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zicingelwe abafundi abaneemfuno ezithile.
Izithintelo ekufundeni zidla ngokwenziwa kukungalungelelaniswa kweemeko eziphambili ezenza ukufunda. Ezi meko zezi: ikharityhulamu, ititshala, ummandla wokufunda nabafundi. nganye imeko inegalelo kwiimeko ezimisela impumelelo okanye ukusilela kukufundisa, kukufunda nakwinkqubo yohlolo. Iingqiqo ezingezantsi zijonga imibandela ebalaseleyo ingakumbi kwiTeknoloji kwaye zicebisa iindlela zokuzilungisa.
Ngokwembali nangokwepolitiki ulwimi yimeko ephambili ekwenzeni ikharityhulamu ingafikeleleki kubafundi abaninzi. KwiTeknoloji nokuba lulwimi lokufundisa abafundi kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuxoxa imibandela (ukwazisa/ukunxibelelana ngeengcinga zabo) ngolwimi abalukhethileyo.
Imithombo emininzi ikho ngesiNgesi kuphela, imbalwa ngesiBhulu kuze kungabikho namnye ngeeLwimi zesiNtu. Abafundi abanolwimi lokuFunda nokuFundisa olungesosiNgesi akufuneki ukuthintelwa kwabo kuqhutyelwe phambili ngokufuna batolike izalathisi zesiNgesi ziye kolunye ulwimi abalusebenzisayo.
Ekubeni ootitshala kwizikolo zoMzantsi Afrika bekulungele ukufundisa izifundo ezahlukeneyo ootitshala abaninzi beTeknoloji abonwabanga ngokufundiswa kweTeknoloji. Kukho ubuchule obuncinane ngokuphathelele kulwazi lomxholo, kwizakhono zokucinga nezakhono zezandla ezifanele iTeknoloji. Oku kudibana kovakalelo oluphantsi kunegalelo njengesithintelo ekufundeni. Ukwakha ubuchule kufuneka ootitshala baqale baqonde iTeknoloji xa beqhubela phambili ukwazi ukwenza iteknoloji.
Ekubeni kuvunyelwa ukwahlukana kwesixokelelwano semfundo esadlulayo kufuneka kunakanwe ulwazi lweefilosofi eziyixhasayo. Eneneni yayilungiselela amakamva amawalandele (kodwa ngokobuhlanga) . Oku kushiye ilifa lokungathembeki komxholo wekharityhulamu kunye nootitshala abasokoliswa kukuziqhelisa iingcinga zoguqulo lweC2005. IRNCS yakhiwe 'ngezakhono eziphezulu nolwazi oluphezulu' kwaye kufuneka lufikeleleke kubo bonke abafundi. Izithintelo ekufundeni ngamanye amaxesha yikharityhulamu engenabumvoco.
Enye yeemeko ezinqanda ukufikelela kwikharityhulamu yimithombo. Izikolo kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba imithombo efunekayo ikho kubafundi nakootitshala. Le mithombo kufuneka ibe semxholweni nemeko yaseMzantsi Afrika, ifikelele kulwimi kwaye ifanele ubudala nomgangatho ekujoliswe kuwo. Bubunyaniso boluntu lwethu ukuba izikolo zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yemithombo/yobutyebi. Nangona kunjalo amaziko axhotyiswe ngokufanelekileyo akanasiqinisekiso sokwenza iiNkqubo zokuFunda ezinentsingiselo. Olona phawu lubalulekileyo olufunekayo kukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuzalisekiswa ngokwaneleyo kwazo zonke iiNkalo zeziFundo kuxhomekeka/kulele kwintelekelelo nokuzimisela kukatitshala obandakanyekayo. Isimo seNkalo yesiFundo yeTeknoloji ifuna ukuba utitshala abe nesisombululo- ngxaki sobuqu. Kwakho kufuneka abe nengqondo evulekileyo kwaye akulungele ukunakana iingcebiso ezilindekileyo zabafundi, akwazi ukuvumela abafundi ukuba baphuhlise iingcinga zabo. Kufuneka azilungiselele 'ukufunda nabafundi'. Ootitshala abanemigangatho emincinane ezixhobo bakwazile ukuphumelela iziPhumo zesiFundo zeTeknoloji ngokupheleleyo nangokufanelekileyo. Apho kufunwa umsebenzi othile ophathekayo intswelo yemithombo efanelekileyo inganegalelo ekusweleni ukufunda. Izikolo kufuneka zizame ukuphucula iinkonzo zazo ekuhambeni kwexesha kodwa akufuneki kwenziwe iinkonzo okanye izixhobo ezingekho mgangathweni njengekhuselo lwentsilelo yabo yokuphuhlisa ubuchule babafundi bokusombulula iingxaki okanye ukulungisa isidingo kwiimeko ezininzi xa kucingwa ngemibandela yokhuseleko, yomtsalane bucala, nenkcubeko.
Ukongeza iNkalo yesifundo inika ootitshala amathuba agqibeleleyo okuphuhlisa nokuhlola iqela lamava anamandla. Abafundi baya kufunwa ukuba balawule imithombo efana nexesha, izinto ekwenziwa ngazo, abalingane, nezixhobo. Njengokuba abafundi beqhubela phambili kwiBakala leGET kufuneka kuveliswe izakhono zokucinga, zokuyila, nezokuhlalutya, kwaye izakhono zabo zokwazisa iziphumo zophando lwabo kufuneka zibe nobiunkunkqele obuthe kratya.
Ukusetyenziswa okuchaneklileyo kwesigama kunye neemvumelwano ezisemgangathweni kuyakhuthazwa. Oku kulunge kakhulu kwizikolo zoluntu ekufuneka basebenzise imigangatho yeSABS. Apho iimpawu ilulwimi olungundoqo okukodwa okunxulumene nolwimi kunye nesigama esisetyenziswayo kufuneka kuvunyelwe. Iindawo zokufunda ezisebenzisa iincwadi zesikhokelo nezalathisi ezipapashwe kwamanye amazwe kucetyiswa ukuba zisebenzise unonophelo kuba zisebenzisa isigama neemvumelwano ezisekelwe kwimigangatho yaseYurophu okanye yaseMelika. Nakuba le migangatho neemvumelwano zingazezamazwe ngamazwe uninzi lwazo aluweli phantsi kweSABS.
UMzantsi Afrika kufuneka uphuhlise ezawo izakhono ezisekelweyo kwimfundo yeteknoloji. Amathuba engqesho kunye neemfuno zoqoqosho lwesizwe kumacandelo okwenza nawoshishino ogqitha kakhulu lawo anobuchule bemfundo ephakamileyo. Abasebenzi borhwebo abangenazakhono baninzi, ngoko kufuneka kwandiswe uqeqesho lwabasebenzi abaziqhelanise neteknoloji. Njengesizwe esikhulayo inye kuphela indlela esinokuthi siphumelele ngayo kukukhula kwimveliso yasekhaya ekrwada (GDP) yesizwe ngokwandisa iqela labavelisi bokuqala nabesibini. Ngoko isizwe sifuna abafundi abaninzi bangenele eli candelo libalulekileyo loqoqosho. Ngokwembali amantombazana ayebekelwa bucala kumacandelo eNzululwazi naweTeknoloji. Unxinzelelo loluntu luthomalalisile ngokuchasene nokubandakanywa kwamantombazana kokwakubonwa njengokuba 'lihlabathi lamadoda'. Ngokwembali nezinye iinkcubeko namaqela obuhlanga nazo zazingakhuthazwa ukuba zifumane ukufikelela kwiinkqubela phambili zobomi (kwimfundo) zobugcisa. Abafundi abafumana 'izithintelo ekufundeni' ikwangabo basoloko bexelelwa ukuba abanakuphumelela nto ngaphandle kwezakhono eziphathekayo.
Isixokelelwano sethu semfundo khange sibe nampumelelo ekusebenzeni ngabafundi abanobunzima ekufundeni. Uluntu lwethu lwenze sakholelwa ukuba aba bafundi bafunyanwa kwizikolo 'ezizodwa', kodwa inyaniso epheleleyo yeyokuba uninzi lwabafundi abanezidingo ezizodwa bakwiiklasi zabafundi jikelele. Ukulungiswa kwiimethodi neendlela zokufundisa kunye nohlo kufuneka zenziwe zihlangabezane nokwahlukana kwabafundi. Oku kufuneka kubonwe kwimeko yohlanganiso nesixokelelwano semfundo equkanisiweyo esekelwe kubulungisa, kukufikelela nokulungisa. Izithintelo zisuka kukuswela imithombo ukuya kwenye okanye kweziliqela zezi: imiceli mngeni yentlalo, yenkangeleko neyengqondo. Kunjalo akukho hlabathi lilodwa, bonke abafundi kufuneka basebenze ngeziPhumo zesiFundo ezifanayo nemiGangatho yokuHlola efanayo. Nangona kunjalo indlela ekuhlolwa ngayo ubuchule babo ingahlukana.
Ixesha elininzi - Kucetyiswa ukuba kwiimeko ezizodwa (ezithile) kucetyiswane neQela lokuXhasa leNqila ixesha elininzi elingavunyelwa ukugqiba iiyunithi zomsebenzi. Oku kungathetha ukuba iiprojethi ezipheleleyo ezimbalwa kufuneka zigqityiwe - indawo yeprojekthi ingathathwa ngumsebenzi omfutshane owakhiweyo ojolise kwimiGangatho yokuHlola ethile.
Ulwimi olukhethiweyo - Kuya kufuneka ukuba abafundi banike ubungqina ngomlomo okanye ngokubhala kumaxesha ngamaxesha. Kwiimeko apho uLwimi lokuFunda nokuFundisa ingelolwimi lweNkobe lomfundi kufuneka kwenziwe ulungiselelo lokuba umfundi aphendule ngolwimi alukhethayo. Oku kuya kusebenza nalapho ulwimi lomfundi luzimpawu. Oku kuya kuza nemiceli mngeni kunye nendlela eqinisekisa ukuba iimpendulo zibekwe endaweni.
Enye indlela 'yokwenza' imisebenzi (ubuchule bezandla) - apho kungekho enye indlela yokuhlola ubuchule bezandla, kungafunwa ukuba abafundi abakhubazeke ngokwenkangeleko babonise ubuchule ngenye imeko. Oku kufuna kucingwe kuphela kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo. Imibandela yokhuseleko yingcinga ephambili; enye kukuzithemba/kukuzixabisa kwabafundi.
Abafundi abangaboni kakuhle - bangangakwazi ukufezekisa iimfuno zemisebenzi ethile kwiTeknoloji. Kwezo meko ubuchule obuthile babafundi kufuneka buqondisiswe kwaye indlela yokuhlola efanelekileyo yenziwe. Kwimeko ezininzi abafundi baya kukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ethile ephathekayo. Aba bafundi kufuneka banikwe ixesha elaneleyo. Kwezinye iimeko umncedisi angasetyenziswa. Abancedisi abanjalo bangenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, oko kukuthi itoliki (kwimeko yolwimi lweempawu) yemibuzo, izishwankathelo okanye imiyalelo; ukwenza imisebenzi ephathekayo, njengonobhala abhale endaweni yomfundi; ukuvakalisa iingcinga zomfundi ngomlomo okanye ngolwimi lweempawu, njl. njl. okunye okungathathelwa ingqalelo yindlela ubungqina bohlolo obunokwazisa ngayo (ngokuvakalayo, ngevidiyo, njl.njl).
Abafundi abaqhubela phambili ngesantya esicothayo kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane nabo. Abafundi abanjalo bafunyanwa kwiiklasi jikelele. Ekubeni iimethodi zokuhlola ezininzi zesesithethe zingasetyenziswa iindlela zokufundisa kufuneka zilungiswe ukuvumela umfundi ukuba afikelele kuwo onke amandla akhe afihlakeleyo.
UYilo lwesiFundo kwiTeknoloji lulandelelwano/uthotho lokufundisa olugqityiweye nolunamathelanayo, ukufunda nemisebenzi yohlolo eyenza indlela yokukhokela abafundi njengoko beqhubela phambili, ukuphucula ubuchule babo kwisisombululo sengxaki, ekuphandeni, ekuyileni nasekuveliseni izisombululo nokuvavanya nokuzazisa kwiimeko ezininzi.
Ukusebenzisa iiprojekthi zeTeknoloji: Iprojekthi yeTeknoloji ingasetyenziswa ukuphuhlisa yonke imiGangatho yokuHlola yesiPhumo sesiFundo soku-1, ngakumbi ummandla wolwazi wesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2 kunye neminye imiGangatho yokuHlola yesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-3. Lo mzekelo ungasetyenziswa ukuphuhlisa zonke iziPhumo zesiFundo, kwaye uvumele ukulindeleka kokuzama imixholo yesifundo eyahlukeneyo kwisiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2. Lo mfuniselo unakana kwakho ulindelo lokuba ummandla wolwazi zingahlanganiswa, oko kukuthi imiGangatho yokuHlola yesAkhiwo, neyokuLungisa yesiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2 ingenziwa kwiprojekthi yokwakha. Izixokelelwano zombane nezoomatshini zingenziwa zombini ngexesha leprojekthi yokusebenza kukamatshini.
Ukusebenzisa uphando olunzulu: imisebenzi ethile ingasetyenziswa, ukuphuhlisa nokuhlola isakhono seTeknoloji (umzekelo: ukuzoba), iingqiqo zolwazi, neembono nokuxabiseka. Ku;lo mfuziselo umsebenzi wophando olunzulu lungeziwa ukuphuhlisa eminye imigangatho yokuHlola yokuphanda ize eminye imiGangatho yokuHlola yokuvavanya yesiPhumo sesiFundo soku-1 kunye nayo yonke imiGangatho yokuHlola yeteknoloji, yoluntu nommandla yesiPhumo sesifundo sesi-3.
Imizekelo yale mifuniselo ibonisiwe kwicandelo lesi-5 nakwicandelo lesi-6.
Iinkqubo zeteknoloji nezakhono ezichazwe kwisiPhumo sesiFundo soku-1 zenza undoqo weNkalo yesiFundo kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziselwe ukwakha ukufundiswa kwazo zonke iziPhumo zesiFundo. Ootitshala kufuneka batyhilele abafundi kwiingxaki, izidingo okanye amathuba njengesiqalo. Kufuneka baqhubele phambili abafundi njengabafundi ababandakanyeka ekuveliseni okumisiweyo kwezisombululo ezisombulula iingxaki okanye ezanelisa izidingo. Ukufaneleka koyilo kufuneka buvavanywe. Njengoko kuchaziwe isiPhumo sesiFundo soku-1 zithwele ama-50% zogxininiso lobunzima kwiTeknoloji.
Iintlobo zohlolo ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Kufuneka ziyilwe xa kuveliswa iNkqubo yokuFunda kunye neshedyuli yomsebenzi enxulumene nayokwaye kufuneka zibe yinxalenye efunekayo yoyilo lwesifundo. Uyilo lwesifundo kwiTeknoloji bubuchule obujolise ekuphuhliseni izakhono zomfundi kway iya kuthatha iqela leeveki ukuyigqiba. Iiprojekthi ezinkulu zingongezwa ngeeyunithi ezimfutshane ezijolise kukuphuhliswa kwesakhono ezithile okanye ulwazi ngaphandle kokuba yenziwe ngokwanelisayo. Le ndlela ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwamathuba andisiweyo ajolise kubafundi abenze kumgangatho ophantsi okanye ophezulu kokulindelweyo.
IsiPhumo sesiFundo sesi-2 sinika abafundi iimeko zolwazi ezininzi ekufuneka zisetyenzisiwe ukuvelisa iiNkqubo zokuFunda ezisemxholweni. Ibanga ngalinye liya kusebenza ngezAkhiwo, ukuLungisa neziXokelelwano noLawulo kwimigangatho yokuntsonkotha efanele ibanga. ImiGangatho yokuHlola inika isikhokelo semigangatho ekulindelwe ukuba abafundi bayiphumeze. Ingqiqo ethile phantsi kokuphanda kufuneka ikhethwe ngocoselelo ukuze imibandela ibe nentsingiselo kwaye ifaneleke kubafundi kwisikolo esithile.
Njengokuba ubuchule babo buphuhliseka kufuneka abafundi bacelwe umngeni ukuba batheth ngeembono ezibanzi ngokuthe kratya.
Abafundi kufuneka bacinge impembelelo yezisombululo zeteknoloji kuluntu nakummandla wendalo xa bevelisa izisombululo zabo. kufuneka kwakho bacinge ngefuthe lenkcubeko neeteknoloji zemveli kwiinketho ezenziwa ngabantu. Xa iingxaki , okanye izidingo ziqwalaselwa kubalulekile ukucinga ngesisombululo esifanelekileyo ngokuphathelelekwimithombo ekhoyo nakwimeko yabantu ababandakanyekayo. Abafundi kufuneka bakwazi ukucinga ngezidingo, ukufikeleleka, namanye amaqela njengoko beqwalasela iingxaki ezijongene namacandelo ahlukeneyo oluntu. Ukhuseleko lokusetyenziswa kwezixhpobo nezintyo kunye neempawu ezikhuselekileyo zoyilokufuneka ibe ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo ovelela ukufundisa, ukufunda nokuhlola kwiNkalo yesiFundo.
Ukongeza kwisigqibo esithathiweyo ngokweziPhumo zesiFundo nemiGangatho yokuHlola, ixesha elabiweyo neemeko zokufundisa, zokufunda nohlolo ngexesha lamanqanaba oyilo lweNkqubo yokuFunda, iShedyuli yomSebenzi utitshala kufuneka acinge?
Ubuchule bohlolo nezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo.
Le mibandela ithathelwe ingqalelo utitshala uya kukulungela ukuvelisa uyilo lwesifundo.
Iinkcukacha zimalunga nokulandelelanisa nomongo wokufundisa, wokufunda nemisebenzi yohlolo kwiNkalo yesiFundo yeTeknoloji. Ekusetyenzisweni koyilo lwesifundo utitshala uya kuqonda imibandela engakhange iqikelelwe. Abafundi bangavelisa isisombululo esingakhange sicingwe ngutitshala.eso siqalo asinakubekelwa ecaleni kuya kufuneka sidityaniswe kwaye siqwalaselwe xa kuyilwa iyunithi/iiyunithi ezilandelayo. Njegokuvelisa Nkqubo yokuFunda, uyilo lwesifundo ayiyonkqubo engaguquguqukiyo koko iyaqhubeka nokuguqulwa, ukubonakaliswa, ukuhlaziywa kwaye icokiswe.
IsiGaba esiPhathi sibalulekile kuba sinika iqela labafundi abathile eliphakathi kobudala obusi-8-14 kumabanga 4-6.
Kwesi siGaba abafundi baqondana neNkqubo yokuYila. Le nkqubo iza kubanika indlela yokuqhubela phambili ukufunda ukuya kutsho kwinqanaba leGETC. Abafundi kufuneka banikwe amathuba amaninzi okuphuhlisa ubuchule kwinkqubo yengxaki okanye ukuchongwa kwezidingo, ukuphuhlisa izisombululo ekubeni ephengulula kwaye ephanda, ekwenzeni isisombululo sokufezekisa isidingo okanye ingxaki, ukuvavanya inkqubo nokusombulula ngokuphathelele kumlinganiselo nokwazisa ukuhamba kwesenzo njengoko siqhuba. Xa bebandakanywe kule misebenzi abafundi banyusa ulwazi nezakhono ekusebenziseni zixhobo nezinto ekwenziwa ngazo ngokukhuselekileyo, ekuyileni, nasekwaziseni, kwintsebenziswano nabanye njengamalungu eqela.
Ootitshala kufuneka baqhubele phambili ukuphuhliswa komfumfundi kwinkqubo elungelelanisiweyo ejolise kumxholo wonke oqukwe kwiNkalo yesiFundo, osiziXokelelwano nokuLawulo ukuquka kwizixokelelwano zoomatshini, izixokelelwano zombane, izixokelelwano ezisebenza ngoxinzelelo lolwelo/ zomoya, kwiimeko zobomi benene ezifana nezixokelelwano zokwenza nezokunika iinkonzo, izakhiwo ukuquka isakhelo, iqokobhe, nokuqina/ubunzima, nokulungisa ukuquka ukutya, iimpahla kunye nezixhobo ezifana necwecwe, isinyithi neeplastiki.
Eli candelo linika izikhokelo zokuvelisa iNkqubo yokuFunda kwisiGaba esiPhakamileyo. Zintathu izinto ezinyuliweyo zokuvelisa iNkqubo yokuFunda ekuxoxwa ngazo kweli candelo. Xa kuyilwa/kusenziwa iNkqubo yokuFunda, iShedyuli yomSebenzi okanye uYilo lwesiFundo kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba imisebenzi yoHlolo nokurekhodisha okwenziwa ngumfundi kuyilwa njengenxalenye yemisebenzi ephuhliswayo.
Nangona iSebe leMfundo linika izikhokelo kumgangatho wesizwe, amaphondo aya kuvelisa ezawo izikhokelo apho kuyimfuneko ukuhlangabezana neyantlukwano. Izikolo singacebisa iqela kunye nesimo seeNkqubo zokuFunda ezihlanganisiweyo ezisekelwe kwimeko yesikolo sabo. Ezi Nkqubo zokuFunda zihlangeneyo kufuna ziqinisekise ukuba iziphumo zeNkalo yesiFundo nganye ezimiselweyo kusetyenzwa ngazo ngentsingiselo nangokuqonda.
Nangona iiNkalo zeziFundo zisibhozo kunye nomamandla wazo wolwazi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ulwazi aluzimelanga lodwa. Kukho ukudibana okuzenzekelayo phakathi nangokudibeneyo neeNkalo zeziFundo, kwaye ulwazi kwenye iNkalo yesiFundo isemxholweni kwaye ingasetyenziswa ukuphumelela iziphumo kwenye iNkalo yesiFundo.
Xa uyila kuluncedo ukucinga ngeziPhumo zesiFundo ezikwenye iNkalo yesiFundo ukutyebisa enye iNkalo yesiFundo. Unxulumano kufuneka lubonisa ukudibana okuzenzekelayo kwaye akufuneki ukuba unxulumano lunyanzeliswe ngenxa yokunxulumana nenye iNkalo yesiFundo.
Ukusebenzisa ukhetho lohlanganiso kuvumela ulawulo olululo lwestafu esikhoyo kunye nemibandela yokusindisa kwimeko yesikolo eyahlukeneyo ekhoyo.
Kungakho ezinye izicwangciso kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo.
Ezi nketho zazisiweyo okuthethi ukuba zilungisa ezi meko ingakumbi xa ootitshala bevelisa ngokwabo iNkqubo yokuFunda.
Kuyaqondwa ukuba iiNkalo zeziFundo ezisibhozo KUFUNEKA zizalisekiswe kwisiGaba esiPhakathi. ZiiLwimi neMathematika kuphela eziya kuba ziNkqubo zokuFunda ezahlukileyo. Kubalulekile oku kwiinjongo zokunika ingxelo nokurekhodisha. Nokokuba iiNkalo zeziFundo zihlanganiswe ukunika ingxelo kwenziwa ngokweziPhumo zesiFundo zeNkalo yesiFundo nganye. Ootitshala kufuneka barekhodishe ukwenziwa ngokweziPhumo zesiFundo nemiGangatho yokuHlola ekhethiweyo ekuphuhliseni umsebenzi.
Ukuhlanganisa iiNkalo zeziFundo kufuneka kwandise ulwazi, izakhono, iimbono nokuxabiseka ezendeliseliswe kwiziPhumo zesiFundo zeNkalo yesiFundo nganye. IziPhumo zesiFundo ziguqulelwe kwimiGangatho yokuhlola ehambelana nebanga ngalinye nangona ukuyila kuqala ngeziPhumo zesiFundo, nendlela imiGangatho yokuHlola ehlanganiswe ngayo ibalulekile. Eminye imiGangatho yokuHlola ingazimela ekubeni eminye ingahlanganiswa nemiGangatho yokuHlola yezinye iiNkalo zeziFundo.
Umxholo weNkalo yesiFundo, iingqiqo okanye imixholo AZIZOSIQALO xa kuyilwa uhlanganiso. Nangona kunjalo zindlela ezibalulekileyo zokuphumelela iziphumo kwaye kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo njengenxalenye yokuyila. INkalo yesiFundo nganye ineengqiqo zayo nommandla wolwazi kodwa ukuphumelela ulwazi lodwa ngaphandle kokuphuhlisa izakhono ezifanelekileyo ayikuko esikuzamayo kwikharityhulamu esekelwe kwiziphumo.
Ukuhlanganisa iiNkalo zeziFundo kwiiNkqubo zokuFunda ziya kuba neentsingiselo ekuyileni.
Utitshala uzazi kangakanani ezinye iiNkalo zeziFundo ukuze abe nakho ukuhlanganisa nokuhlola ngokufanelekileyo.
Ubulumko bezinye iiNkalo zeziFundo kufuneka bugciniwe kwaye ukufunda kwiNkalo yesiFundo nganye akufuneki kufakwe engozini.
Ukugqitywa kweziPhumo zesiFundo kunye nemiGangatho yokuHlola kwiNkalo yesiFundo nganye kufuneka buqinisekiswe.
Uyilo lohlolo lwenziwe njengenxalenye yokuyila imisebenzi. Oku kubalulekile xa kuhlanganiswa ngokudibene ngokweeNkalo zeziFundo nakuhlanganiso kwiNkalo yesiFundo. Kubalulekile ukuphepha ukusindisa ukufundisa nokufunda nokokuba ootitshala benza 'ngaphezulu' uhlolo.
Uyilo lufuna ukubandakanya bonke ootitshala esikolweni kunye/okanye kumgangatho webanga.
Ixesha elisetyenzisiweyo kufuneka luhambisane nomgaqo wesizwe.
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo ekufundiseni nasekufundeni zingasetyenziswa ukuxhasa umsebenzi waseklasini. Umzekelo ukuphanda nendlela esebenzayo yokufundisa iNzululwazi ngezoBugqi bungangcono kwiziPhumo zeziFundo.
Ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwemithombo kufuneka kuyilwe kwaye loo mithombo engekhoyo kodwa efunekayo kufuneka ichongwe kwaye inikwe.
Ezi zinto zinyuliweyo zilandelayo ziyacetyiswa kuhlanganiso (okanye ukudibanisa) lweeNkalo zeziFundo kwiiNkqubo zokuFunda, khumbula ukuba iiLwimi neMathematika ziNkqubo zokuFunda ezizimeleyo. Ukuyila iNkqubo yokuFunda ehlangeneyo kusoloko kuqala ngokuchonga nokudibanisa iziPhumo zesiFundo ezifanelekileyo zezo Nkalo zeziFundo zihlanganiswayo. Nokokuba kuyilwa ukusukwa kwiNkqubo yokuFunda kusiyiwa kuYilo lwesifundo ootitshala baqalisa ngokuhlanganisa iziPhumo zesiFundo nemiGangatho yokuHlola.
Oku kuthetha ukuba iiNkalo zeziFundo ziiNkqubo zokuFunda ngokwazo. Oku akuthethi ukuba akukho mathuba ohlanganiso kwiNkqubo yokuFunda ingakumbi ukuba luza kutyebisa ukufundisa nokufunda. Kolu khetho ootitshala bangafuna ukuhlanganisa iziPhumo zesiFundo nemiGangatho yokuHlola kwi-EMS. Isimo se-EMS sifuna ukuba iinkangeleko ezithile zenziwe njengemicimbi ye-EMS ezibangela uhlanganiso kwiNkalo yesiFundo ngokwayo.
Ootitshala bahlola okwenziwa ngumfundi okuhambisana nemiGangatho yokuHlola kwaye banike ingxelo ngokweziPhumo zesiFundo.
IsiFundo ngezoBomi nobuGcisa neNkcubeko okanye naluphi uhlanganiso lweeNkalo zesiFundo.
Kolu khetho iziPhumo zeziFundo zazo zombini iiNkalo zeziFundo ziyalingana kwaye imiGangatho yokuHlola efanelekileyo iyahlanganiswa. Kukho iimeko kwiNkqubo yokuFunda ezihlanganisiweyo apho ezinye iziPhumo zeziFundo zinokwenziwa ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ootitshala abanako ukubhala iziPhumo zeziFundo ezitsha okanye imiGangatho yokuHlola emitsha.
Bahlola ngokwemiGangatho yokuHlola ehlanganisiweyo kwaye barekhodisha ngokwemiGangatho yokuHlola njengoko ichaziwe kumsebenzi okanye kumsetyenzana. Banika ingxelo ngokweziPhumo zesiFundo.
Kolu khetho kukho uhlanganiso lwexesha elifutshane ngokudibeneyo ngokweNkalo zeziFundo ukwenzela utyebiso apho ukuqhangamshelana kuzenzekelayo kunye neziPhumo zesiFundo nemiGangatho yokuHlola.
Ootitshala bahlola kwaye barekhodisha ngokweziPhumo zesiFundo nemiGangatho yokuHlola yeNkalo yesiFundo nganye ethe yahlanganiswa. Ukunika ingxelo kwenziwa ngokweziPhumo zesiFundo. Le mizekelo ilandelayo inika imizekelo yendlela iinketho eziyilwe ngayo kwiiNkalo zeziFundo ezahlukeneyo.
Kwesi siGaba abafundi baqondana neNkqubo yokuYila. Le nkqubo iza kubanika indlela yokuqhubela phambili ukufunda ukuya kutsho kwinqanaba leGETC. Abafundi kufuneka banikwe amathuba amaninzi okuphuhlisa ubuchule kwinkqubo yengxaki okanye ukuchongwa kwezidingo, ukuphuhlisa izisombululo ekubeni ephengulula kwaye ephanda, ekwenzeni isisombululo sokufezekisa isidingo okanye ingxaki, ukuvavanya inkqubo nokusombulula ngokuphathelele kumlinganiselo nokwazisa ukuhamba kwesenzo njengoko siqhuba. Xa bebandakanywe kule misebenzi abafundi banyusa ulwazi nezakhono ekusebenziseni zixhobo nezinto ekwenziwa ngazo ngokukhuselekileyo, ekuyileni, nasekwaziseni, kwintsebenziswano nabanye njengamalungu eqela. Ootitshala kufuneka baqhubele phambili ukuphuhliswa komfumfundi kwinkqubo elungelelanisiweyo ejolise kumxholo wonke.
Kwesi siGaba abafundi baqondana neNkqubo yokuYila. Le nkqubo iza kubanika indlela yokuqhubela phambili ukufunda ukuya kutsho kwinqanaba leGETC. Abafundi kufuneka banikwe amathuba amaninzi okuphuhlisa ubuchule kwinkqubo yengxaki okanye ukuchongwa kwezidingo, ukuphuhlisa izisombululo ekubeni ephengulula kwaye ephanda, ekwenzeni isisombululo sokufezekisa isidingo okanye ingxaki, ukuvavanya inkqubo nokusombulula ngokuphathelele kumlinganiselo nokwazisa ukuhamba kwesenzo njengoko siqhuba. Xa bebandakanywe kule misebenzi abafundi banyusa ulwazi nezakhono ekusebenziseni zixhobo nezinto ekwenziwa ngazo ngokukhuselekileyo, ekuyileni, nasekwaziseni, kwintsebenziswano nabanye njengamalungu eqela. Ootitshala kufuneka baqhubele phambili ukuphuhliswa komfumfundi kwinkqubo elungelelanisiweyo ejolise kumxholo wonke.
NS LO1 - ukuvavanya ulwazi nokwazisa okufunyanisiweyo.
Ngezantsi kukho umzekelo weShedyuli yomSebenzi ecatshulwe kwiNkqubo yokuFunda yeTeknoloji yesiGaba esiPhakathi. Lulwandiso olunzulu loyilo lwexesha elinikiweyo. Iqaphela ukuba asikhange sibonise lonke uhlanganiso nezinye iiNkalo zeziFundo. Ootitshala baya kuhlanganisa naluphi inani lweeNkalo zeziFundo.
Ixesha lokufundisa elikhoyo (iiyure ngokwe%): ?
ITeknoloji: Ukuphanda indlela ukumba okukhoyo kunganempembelelo ngayo kubutyebi bendalo nommandla obonakalayo.
ITeknoloji: Ukuphanda inkqubela phambili yobomi engalandelwa xa kusetyenzwa emigodini.
Ngezantsi kukho umzekelo weShedyuli yomSebenzi ecatshulwe kwiNkqubo yokuFunda yeTeknoloji yesiGaba esiPhakathi. Lulwandiso olunzulu loyilo lwexesha elinikiweyo. Iqaphela ukuba asikhange sibonise lonke uhlanganiso nezinye iiNkalo zeziFundo. Ootitshala baya kuhlanganisa naluphi inani lweeNkalo zeziFundo.
Ixesha lokufundisa elikhoyo (iiyure ngokwe%): ?
IiNkalo zeziFundo: INzululwazi neTeknoloji IBanga?
Kwesi sigaba iTeknoloji iza kuphuhliswa njengesandiso sesiseko esakhiwe ngaphambili nanjengolungiselelo kwizifundo zobuGcisa nezobuNjineli ezikhoyo kwiFET. Inkqubo yokuyila isaxhasa imethodi njengokuba abafundi beqhubela phambili izakhono zabo zengxaki okanye ukuchongwa kwezidingo, ukuvelisa izisombululo xa kusenziwa uphando nophengululo ukwenza izisombululo zifezekise isidingo okanye ingxaki, ukuvavanya, amaxabiso nezisombululo ngokuphathelele kumlinganiselo nokwazisa ukuhamba kwesenzo njengoko siqhubeka. Kulo mgangatho indlela yokuphanda enobunkunqela nendlela yokunika ingxelo, ukuquka ukubambelela kwiimvumelwano zabemi boMzantsi Afrika ziya kulindelwa. Izixhobo zodidi oluphezulu ukuquka nezinye izixhobo zoomatshini ziya kubakho kubafundi bebanga lesi-8 nele-9 kwesi sigaba. Ootitshala beTeknoloji kufuneka baqhubele phambili intsebenziswano yamaqela kwinkqubo elungelelanisiweyo, ejolise kumxholo wonke eziqukwe kwiiNkalo zeziFundo.
Ngezantsi kukho umzekelo weShedyuli yomSebenzi ocatshulwe kwiNkqubo yokuFunda yeTeknoloji yesiGaba esiPhakathi. Lulwandiso olunzulu loyilo lwexesha elinikiweyo. Iqaphela ukuba asikhange sibonise lonke uhlanganiso nezinye iiNkalo zeziFundo. Ootitshala baya kuhlanganisa naluphi inani lweeNkalo zeziFundo.
Ixesha lokufundisa elikhoyo (iiyure ngokwe%): ?
LO 1- ukuphanda ukuba umbane wawuveliswa njani kudala.
Umzekelo woYilo lwesiFundo obonisiweyo uqulathe ukufunda, ukufundisa nemisebenzi yohlolo, iintlobo zohlolo, umxholo/imeko njalo njalo kwisiGaba esiPhakamileyo.
Imizekelo ibonisa ngokwahlukeneyo i imisebenzi esekelwe kwisiPhumo sesiFundo esinye nomGangatho wokuHlola omnye okanye eliqela; ii imisebenzi esekelwe kukuhlanganiswa kweziPhumo zesiFundo ezingaphezulu kwesinye nemiGangatho yokuHlola enxulumeneyo kwiNkalo yesiFundo; iii imisebenzi ehlanganisa iziPhumo zesiFundokunye nemiGangatho yokuHlola enxulumeneyo ngokudibene ngokweNkalo zeziFundo enye okanye eziliqela.
Lo mzekelo ubonisa imisebenzi esekelwe kuhlanganiso olungaphezulu lwesiPhumo sesiFundo esinye nemiGangatho yokuHlola enxulumeneyo kwiTeknoloji kwaye usekelwe kwiBanga le-9.
Imeko: Ukubakho nokunqongophala kombane lowo. Indlela umbane oluncedo ngayo kubahlali.
Abafundi benza iphepha lemibuzo eliza kusetyenziswa xa kutyelelwa ezi ndawo.
Ingaba imigangatho yokuHlola yolu Yilo lwesiFundo ifezekisiwe?
Ingaba abafundi bakwazile ukugqiba imisebenzi edweliswe ngasentla?
Ingaba abafundi babubonisile ubungqina bokufunda, oko kukuthi umsebenzi obhalwayo, womlomo?
Ingaba uncedo lunikiwe kwabo bafundi balufunayo ukuze bonke banganokuphumelela imiGangatho yokuhlola yoYilo lwesiFundo?
Kufuneka kwenziwe ntoni ukuphucula ukwazisa kuYilo lwesiFundo oluzayo?
Loluphi ulwazi ekufuneka luphunyeziwe, oko kukuthi olufuneka luphindiwe kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ukuphucula ingqiqo yomfundi?
Ingaba iLP iziphumelele iinjongo ebekujoliswe kuzo?
IziXhobo zokuXhasa ukuFunda nokuFundisa zinendima ebaluleke kakhulu eziyidlalayo ekufundiseni iTeknoloji. Zinika imeko yokwenzeka kokufunda nokufundisa esikolweni. Xa kungenakubakho nohlobo olunye lwesiXhobo zokuXhasa ukuFunda nokuFundisa ek;lasini okufunda okugqibeleleyo akunakwenzeka.
Baphuhlise izakhono, ulwazi, ukuxabiseka neembono ezixhaswa ziziPhumo zesiFundo nemiGangatho yokuHlola yazo enxulumeneyo kwiNkcazelo yeNkalo yesiFundo seTeknoloji.
Basebenze nezixhobo nezinto zokwenza ukuvelisa izisombululo lwiingxaki ezichongiweyo.
Benze uphando kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo kwiTeknoloji.
IziXhobo zokuXhasa ukufunda nokufundisa kwiTeknoloji ziquka?
Izinto ekwenziwa ngazo - oko kukuthi ikhadibhodi, iphepha, umthi, iplastiki, ukutya, isinyithi, njl.njl.
Ubutyebi bahluke ngokubaxekileyo kwisikolo nesikolo ngokuphathelele kubumnandi nezixhobo. Nangona kuyinyaniso kufuneka kungabikho yantlukwano icacileyo ekuhambiseni ikharityhulamu ngokunempumelelo. Phantsi kwezi meko zininzi, ootitshala abathelekelelayo banganika ukufundisa okufanelekileyo nenkqubo zokufunda ezinentsingiselo ngaphandle kobuninzi okanye ubulunga beziXhobo zokuXhsa ukuFunda nokuFunda abananzo. Izikolo kunye nezo zinenkonzo ezimbalwa zinganika abafundi amathuba okuvelisa isisombululo sengxaki nezakhono zokuyila kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezilula njengezinto zokwenza ezifana nekhadibhodi ezinengqolo. Abafundi kufuneka baphuhlise izakhonozokusebenzisa imifuziselo nezilinganiso ngaphandle kwendlelo ephezulu. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuyiliweyo kwezixhobo ezilahliweyo nezilungiswa ngokutsha kuya kukhuthazwa. Imithombo emincinane idla ngokukhuthaza imigangatho ephezulu yokuyila ekhokelela kwizisombululo zokuqala zoyilo nakukufunda okungcono.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha kufuneka zonke izikolo zakhe isibonelelo zezixhobo zaso, okwenziwa ngako, izalathiso ukuze babe nakho ukwenza iiprojekthi (amaphulo) ezintsha. IiNkqubo zokufunda kufuneka ziveliselwe ukumelana nesiseko semithombo ekhulayo yesikolo.
Utitshala weteknoloji kufuneka aziphephe izixhobo zokuxhasa ezinika abafundi izisombululo kuba izixhobo ezinjalo azibakhuthazi abafundi ukuba bazicingele. Injongo kukuba abafundi benze inguqulelo, baqambe kwaye basebenzise ulwazi lwabo ukuyila izisombululo zeteknoloji, bangakhupheli ezo sele ziyiliwe zivela ezincwadini. Kuyamkeleka ukuba izixhobo zokuxhasa zichaze inyathelo ngenyathelo okanye inkqubo yokuvelisa isisombululo kwingxaki ethile kodwa emva koko kufuneka abafundi belandele loo manyathelo, kufuneka banikwe ithuba elitsha lokubonisa izakhono ezitsha abazifumeneyo. Izixhobo zokuxhasa kufuneka zixhase imiqathango ye-OBE kwaye kufuneka ithethe ngemibandela yentlalo nemikhwa esesikweni malunga neTeknoloji.
Yonke imithombo efana nezixhobo, oomatshini, izinto ekwenziwe ngazo, abantu abangumzekelo nezinye iititshala ezinezakhono ezithile kufuneka bazisebenzise ngokupheleleyo. Ubunkunkqele bezixhobo nezinto ekwenziwe ngazo ezisetyenziswa ngabafundi kufuneka zihambelane nomgangatho wabo wokucinga. Ngumsebenzi katitshala weteknoloji ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ziyafunyanwa kwaye abafundi bazisebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye bazikhathalele.
Imisebenzi yeTeknoloji kufuneka ijolise kubafundi kwaye kufuneka ivumele okwenziwa ngutitshala umtyhana. Kufuneka zibhalwe njengemisebenzi eyenziwa ngumfundi okanye ngamaqela abafundi, oko kukuthi ukwenza iigrafu, ukugqibezela iphepha lokufunda, ukwenza umfuziselo, ukuvelisa isibhebgezo/ipowusta, ukugqibezela itheyibhuli, ukuphendula uluhlu lwemibuzo, ukuxoxa ngesihloko, ukuphanda isihloko, nokulungiselela intetho njl.njl. imisebenzi kufuneka ilungiselele izimbo zokufunda ezahlukeneyo. Kufuneka ibe nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, eminye yomlomo, eminye ebhalwayo, eminye ezotywayo, eminye eyenziwayo, eminye efuna ingqiqo ecingwayo kunye neminye efuna amazwi amava abonakalayo.
Ukufunda ngentsebenziswano kumalunga nokufunda kwabafundi kwabanye bengafumani lonke ulwazi kutitshala. Abafundi abafundiswe ukufunda ngentsebenziswano kufuneka babe nakho ukusebenza kunye njengamalungu eqela (Jonga iziPhumo ezinguNdoqo). Imisebenzi efunyanwa kwiziXhobo zokuXhasa ukuFunda nokuFundisa kufuneka ngoko yakhiwe ngendlela eyila amathuba okuFunda ngeNtsebenziswano.
Isiphumo yiloo nto ekufuneka abafundi bekwazile ukuyenza ekupheleni kwamava okufunda. IziXhobo zokuXhasa ukuFunda nokuFundisa kufuneka zinike abafundi amathuba okubonisa ubuchule babo kwisiPhumo sesiFundo ngasinye. Kufuneka ibe nemisebenzi esekelwe kwiziPhumo zesiFundo nakwimiGangatho yokuHlola ehamba nazo ukuze ziphuhlise izakhono zeTeknoloji, ulwazi, ukuxabiseka neembono.
Iiklasi zaseMzantsi Afrika ziya kuba 'nemigangatho emininzi' njengoko ingengabo bonke abafundi abakwimigangatho efanayo yophuhliseko neyokucinga. Nomfundi ngamnye angabonisa ubuchule obuninzi ukusuka kwenye iNkalo yesiFundo ukuya kwenye. Kufuneka kukho imisebenzi eyaneleyo ejolise kulwazi lwangaphambili lomfundi kunye/okanye nezakhono ukuze babe nokukhuthazeka ekwenzeni imisebenzi elandelayo enika imiceli mngeni. 'Impumelelo izala impumelelo' - abafundi kufuneka ngoko benomlinganiselo wempumelelo kwinkqubo yokufunda nokokuba umgangatho wokugqibela uphunyelelwe.
IziXhobo zokuXhasa ukuFunda nokuFundisa zifuna imisebenzi emiselwe kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo kubafundi. Oku kungalula ngakumbi ukukwenza kwiTeknoloji njengoko yonke imisebenzi 'iqaliswa' yimeko efuna ukusonjululwa kwengxaki ' eyinyaniso ebomini'. Iimeko zinika injongo kwimisebenzi yokufunda kinceda abafundi ukuba banxulumanise oko bakufunde eklasini nehlabathi ngaphandle.
IziXhobo zokuXhasa ukuFunda nokuFundisa kufuneka zinike ootitshala indlela eminye imisebenzi ekwiNkcazelo yesiFundo yeTeknoloji ehlolwa ngayo. Abafundi kufuneka bavelise ubungqina bokuphumelela iziPhumo zesiFundo ezimiselwe ngaphambili. Imisebenzi kwiziXhobo zokuXhasa ukuFunda nokuFundisa zeTeknoloji kufuneka zibhalwe ngendlela ecacileyo kubafundi ukuba yintoni elindelweyo kubo kwaye nomgangatho apho kufuneka benzile. Kubalulekile ukuvumela abafundi ukuba baphumelele ngendlela efanele bona ngcono njengoko benezimbo zokufunda ezahlukeneyo. IziXhobo zokuXhasa ukuFunda nokuFundisa kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo.
Imisebenzi yeTeknoloji kwiziXhobo zokuXhasa ukuFunda nokuFundisa kufuneka zibonakalise imeko yentlalo-qoqosho kuluntu olwahlukeneyo loMzantsi Afrika kwaye ngoko kukho ukunyinwa kwemithombo kumagaumbi amaninzi okufundela. Umzekelo akufanelanga ukuba ababhali babhale imisebenzi yomfundi exhomekeke kukubakho kweekhompyutha okanye esinye isixhobo ' esinobuchwepheshe obuphezulu esikolweni. Imisebenzi efunyanwa kwiziXhobo zokuFunda nokuFundisa kufuneka ingakwazeki ukwenzeka kuphela kufuneka izalisekwiswe kumagumbi oMzantsi Afrika akumgangatho ophakathi.
Azibhalwanga ngokweziPhumo zeziFundo zethu nemiGangatho yokuHlola.
Ayibhalelwanga iMfundo eGuqukayo esekelwe kwiziphumo ngoko azijplisanga kwiimbono nokuxabiseka kwimeko efunekayo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_INKONZO YOBUPOLISA EMZANTSI AFRIKA.txt</fn>
Yintoni injongo yokubamba?
Amagosa asebupoliseni angamdubula nini umrhanelwa obalekayo?
Iinjongo Umsebenzi 2.
Yintoni injongo yokubamba Umsebenzi 2?
Ubanjwa njani umntu Umsebenzi 2.
Ukuncitshiswa kwamalungelo Umsebenzi 2.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla Umsebenzi 2.
Imithetho ngokusetyenziswa Umsebenzi 2.
Amagosa asebupoliseni Umsebenzi 2.7: Ingxoxo 15 Imizuzu angamdubula nini umrhanelwa obalekayo?
Isishwankathelo / Imibuzo Umsebenzi 2.
Emva kokuba umfundi egqibe esi sahluko kufuneka abonise ukuqonda kwanokuhlonipha?
Ukubamba yindlela esemthethweni yokuqinisekisa ubukho bommangalelwa enkundleni yamatyala. Umntu obanjiweyo uthatyathwa njengomsulwa de afunyaniswe enetyala. Ngenxa yeso sizathu wonke umntu obanjiweyo ufanele ukuba aphathwe ngobuntu nangokusemthethweni.
Kukho amaxwebhu ezibhengezo afumanekayo ngokunxulumene namalungelo omntu obanjiweyo. La maxwebhu ezibhengezo kufanele axhonywe eludongeni phambi kokuba iseshini iqale.
Khumbula okokuba icandelo 38 lomThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho ibonelela ngeendlela ezingeneno zokuthintela kunokubamba ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ubukho enkundleni yamatyala.
Umntu angabanjwa nokuba isiqinisekiso selungelo lokumbamba sikhona okanye asikho. Khumbula okokuba kusoloko kulungile ukufumana isiqinisekiso selungelo lokubamba. Oku kunceda ekubeni kukhusele amapolisa kumabango oluntu kwaye kuqinisekise ukuba ukubamba nobungqina obunokulandela kusemthethweni. Isiqinisekiso selungelo lokubamba singafumaneka kwamantyi okanye kwinkundla yobulungisa noxolo, equka igosa eligunyazisiweyo lamapolisa elinesikhundla sobukapteni nangaphezulu.
Zininzi iimeko ezingenza umntu abanjwe ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso selungelo lokubamba. Ezinye zezimeko zichazwa kwicandelo 40 le CPA. Khumbula okokuba kukho olunye uwiso-mithetho olubonelela ngokubamba ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso selungelo lokubamba, umzekelo 40 we CPA.
Injongo yalo msebenzi kukubamba ingxoxo malunga nonobangela wokubamba kwanezinye iindlela zokuqinisekisa ubukho enkundleni.
Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Yintoni injongo yokubamba?
Kuthetha ukuthini ukucingela ngokungenatyala?
Ziziphi ezinye iindlela ezikhoyo ngaphandle kokubamba ukuqinisekisa ubukho enkundleni?
Cela abafundi banikeze iimpendulo.
Ukucingela ngokungenatyala kuhambisana nelungelo lokuzibeka ityala kunye nelungelo lokuthi cwaka.
Ummangalelwa akamelanga ukunceda umbuso ukuba uphumelele kwityala lawo. Okokuba umbuso umangalela umntu, umbuso kufanele unikeze ubungqina obungathandabuzekiyo bokuba lo mntu unetyala.
Indlela yokubamba umntu ichazwe kwicandelo 39 le CPA.
Lowo ubanjiweyo ufanele ukwaziswa ngokukhawuleza (ngokukhawuleza okufanelekileyo phantsi kwemeko) ngamalungelo aqinisekisiweyo kwicandelo 35 no lomGaqo-siseko. Igosa lepolisa lifanele ukwazisa kwaye licacise onke amalungelo kulo mntu ubanjiweyo kwaye liqinisekise okokuba uyawaqonda ngokwecandelo 35 lo Mgaqo-Sisekelo.
Injongo yalo msebenzi kukwenza amagosa obupolisa acinge ngamalungelo abantu ababanjiweyo noxanduva lwabo bona mapolisa kwanoxanduva lwabo babanjiweyo.
Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Yiyiphi indlela elungileyo yokubamba umntu?
Ngawaphi amalungelo noxanduva lomntu obanjiweyo?
Ziintoni izinto ekufuneka ipolisa lixelele umntu obanjiweyo ngazo ngelilixa limbamba?
Cela amaqela azibhale phantsi iimpendulo.
Fumana iimpendulo kwiqela ngalinye ngemicimbi eyahlukeneyo. Cela iqela ngalinye ukuba linikeze impendulo enye uze udlulele kwelinye iqela ude ufumane zonke iimpendulo.
Xoxa ngamalungelo, khokela ingxoxo ephangaleleyo uze ushwankathele.
Umntu obanjiweyo usoloko ethatyathwa njengomsulwa de kufunyaniswe ubungqina bokuba unetyala kwaye ufanele ukuba aphathwe ngendlela enesidima nokuhlonela, kucingelwa amalungelo enkululeko nokhuseleko lwakhe.
Ukubanjwa kuyawanciphisa kakhulu amalungelo oluntu. Ukubanjwa kunciphisa amalungelo azintlobo ngentlobo emntwini.
Bonke abantu kufanele baphathwe ngentlonipho, ngesidima nangokuhlonela. Igosa lobupolisa akufanelekanga lithuke okanye lisebenzise intetho eyenyelisayo emntwini obanjiweyo, ngokuba oku kuyakususa isidima somntu. Xa igosa lobupolisa lingahloniphi isidima somntu, ukuphathwa kakubi kwamagunya kuye kwenzeke. Ukuziphatha kwegosa lobupolisa kuyakugwetywa ngokungathathi cala ngokuqulathwe kwicandelo 10 lomGaqo-siseko.
Amalungelo enkululeko nokhuseleko lomntu aquka ilungelo lobulungisa lomzimba nengqondo. (Loo nto ithethe ukuba umntu unolawulo lomzimba kwanengqondo yakhe) Ilungelo lokhuseleko ngokungahloneli ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni kuquka ukuba akukho mntu ufanele ukubanjwa ngogonyamelo (kungekho sizathu sifanelekileyo, ngamanye amazwi apho ingagunyaziswanga ngumThetho we Palamente okanye ngumThetho ongabhalwanga) abanjwe nje ze aphengululwe, agocagocwe. Ngokoluvo olubanzi, inkululeko yomntu ibhekiselele kwilungelo lomntu lokuba akhuseleke kwizenzo zogonyamelo zombuso ezithi ngamanye amaxesha zingahloneli okanye zithintele ubulungisa bomzimba nengqondo yomntu.
Wonke umntu unelungelo lenkululeko yokuhamba-hamba.
Nantsi imizekelo yamanye amalungelo angabekelwa umda. Kukhona namanye amalungelo angabekelwa imida ngenxa yokubanjwa, umzekelo icandelo 14 Ukuba ngasese, icandelo 18 unxulumano kunye namanye amalungelo angamanye athi abekelwe imida ngeendlela ngeendlela.
Umntu obanjiweyo kwangoko xa ebanjwa unamalungelo ngokwakwicandelo 35 , no kumGaqo-siseko.
Ilungelo lokuhlala elithe cwaka linikeza ukhetho emntwini obanjiweyo lokuba athi cwaka (anganikezi inkcazo kwaye angaphenduli mibuzo) okanye anike inkcazelo okanye aphendule imibuzo.
Ukuze kwenziwe ukhetho olululo, umGaqo-siseko unyanzelisa igosa elibambayo ukuba lazise umntu obanjiweyo ngeziphumo zokungahlali ethe cwaka. Le nto ithethe ukuthi, ukuba umntu ugqiba ekubeni anike inkcazo, loo mntu kufanele alunyukiswe okokuba inkcazo leyo izakubhalwa phantsi kwaye ingasetyenziswa njengobungqina enkundleni yamatyala esemthethweni.
Ukuba ummangalelwa uthi ukuvuma kwakhe ityala wakwenza phantsi konyanzeliso, ukuthuthunjiswa, isoyikiso okanye isithembiso (ngamanye amazwi ngokungakhululekanga okanye ngokungazithandeli) akanyanzelekanga ukuba anike ubungqina bokuba akazange akwenze oku ekhululekile nangokuzithandela.
Umtshutshisi (kwanepolisa) kufuneka banike ubungqina bokuba ukuvunywa kwetyala okwenziwa kumantyi kwenziwa ngokukhululeka nangokuzithandela.
Ukunganyanzelwa ukwamkela okanye ukuvuma ngokuchasene nentando yabo.
Akukho mntu ufanele ukwamkela okanye avume ngokuchasene nentando yakhe. Ukuba umntu uyanyanzeliswa nangayiphina indlela ukuba enze inkcazo, loo nkcazo ayisayi kwamkeleka (ayisayikuvunywa njengobungqina) enkundleni yamatyala.
Ibheyile yindlela yokunciphisa amalungelo omntu enkululeko nokhuseleko (icandelo 12 kumGaqo-siseko). Ibheyile ikwayindlela eqinisekisa ukuba umntu uzakuma enkundleni yamatyala. Abarhanelwa bangakhululwa ngebheyile yamapolisa (kumatyala angenzimanga kakhulu) okanye bangenza isicelo sebheyile kumtshutshisi okanye enkundleni yamatyala.
Umntu obanjiweyo unelungelo lokukhululwa eluvalelweni ukuba indima edlalwa bubulungisa iyavuma, oku kuxhomekeke kwingqiqo efanelekileyo (Icandelo 35 (f) kumGaqo-siseko). Ilungelo lokukhululwa eluvalelweni ngebheyile okanye ngaphandle kwayo, ngaphandle kokuba indima yobulungisa ifuna ngolunye uhlobo, iqhagamshelana ngokusondeleleneyo kakhulu nelungelo lenkululeko nelokhuseleko lomntu kwa nelungelo lokuthatyathwa njengomsulwa de ufunyaniswe unetyala yinkundla esemagunyeni.
Ukuba umntu obanjiweyo uyakuzama ukuphembelela okanye oyikise amangqina okanye afihle okanye atshabalalise ubungqina.
Ukuba ummangalelwa uyakujongela phantsi okanye afake emngciphekweni iinjongo zokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwendlela emisiweyo yesaphuli-mthetho yobulungisa kuquka nendlela emisiweyo yebheyile.
Ukuvuma kukwamkela yonke imiba emalunga nolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye kuthintela naziphina izizathu zokugwetyelwa. Okokuba yenzelwa kwinkundla yamatyala iyakufana nokuvuma ityala.
Ukwamkela yinkcazo okanye ukuziphatha okungaba sisithintelo emntwini oyenzayo (umzekelo ukwamkela imiba ethile yetyala) kodwa ingathethi ukulivuma.
Cela abafundi ukuba baxoxe ngomcimbi nemithetho-siseko esetyenziswa xa kusenziwa isicelo sebheyile.
Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Umntu obanjiweyo angasenza phi, nini isicelo sebheyile?
Inkqubo yeSibini yokuLungiswa komThetho wolwaPhulo-mThetho, (UmThetho No.85 ka-1997) owaqala ukusebenza ngomhla wokuqala ku-Agasti ngo-1998, yaguqula izinto ezithile zenkqubo yebheyile. Isicelo sebheyile kufanele siziswe ngomhla wenkundla , oku kuthetha phakathi kwentsimbi yesithoba kusasa ukuya kweyesine emva kwemini. Isicelo sebheyile asisafanelanga kuziswa enkundleni emva kwexesha lesiqhelo.
Apho kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga kungathi ukukhululwa komrhanelwa kungaphazamisa ucwangco lukawonke-wonke okanye lujongele phantsi uxolo luka wonke-wonke kunye nokhuseleko.
a. Ukuba uhlobo lwetyala okanye iimeko elenzeka phantsi kwazo ityala zingadala umothuko okanye ingcwangu eluntwini apho ityala lenzelwe khona b.
c. Ukuba ukhuseleko lommangalelwa lungabasemngciphekweni ngenxa yokukhululwa kwakhe d. Ukuba uxolo nokhuseleko kumalungu omphakathi kuya kujongelwa phantsi kukukhululwa kommangalelwa e. Ukuba ukukhululwa kommangalelwa kuyakubangela ukujongelwa phantsi okanye kunciphise ukuthembeka kwenkonzo yobulungisa yolwaPhulo-mThetho eluntwini.
Ukuba esinye okanye izizathu ezininzi zikhona ngumsebenzi wegosa lamapolisa ukuphikisa ibheyile. Kuloko kufanele kwenziwe uphando olufanelekileyo phambi kokuba kuphikiswe ibheyile.
Abarhanelwa bangakhululwa ngebheyile yamapolisa (kumatyala angenzimanga kakhulu). Le bheyile yamapolisa inganikezwa emva kwexesha lesiqhelo. Ukuba igosa lasebupoliseni alikwazi ukunikeza ibheyile ngokwecandelo 59 le CPA okanye lingavumi ukunikeza ibheyile, elogosa lasebupoliseni kufanele lithathe lowo ubanjiweyo limse enkundleni yamatyala ukuze kwenziwe isicelo sebheyile ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba esi sicelo singenziwa ngamaxesha enkundla kuphela.
Xa kusithiwa ngokukhawuleza kuthetha ukuba ngokukhawuleza phantsi kwezo meko. Oku kungathetha ukuba, umzekelo, kwisihlo somntu oqhuba ephantsi kweempembelelo zotywala igosa lasebupoliseni kufanele lithathe loo mntu ubanjiweyo ngoko nangoko limse kugqirha wesithili ukuba kutsalwe igazi phambi kokusa loo mntu avele enkundleni. Isizathu soku kukuba utsalo gazi kufanele lwenziwe kungaphelanga iiyure ezimbini ebanjiwe.
Abarhanelwa bangakhutshwa ngebheyile enikezwe ngabatshutshisi bombuso. Le bheyile inganikezwa emva kwexesha lesiqhelo, kodwa ayinakubangwa ngumntu obanjiweyo igosa lasebupoliseni lilo eliya kuthi libone okokuba malithabathe eso sigqibo kusini na. Noxa isigqibo malunga noluhlobo lwebheyile sixhomekeke kwigosa lobupolisa, kuyacetyiswa okokuba ibheyile inikezwe nangaliphina ixesha kukwazeka ukwenzeka oko. Umtshutshisi kufanele alumane indlebe negosa eliphandayo phambi kokuba ibheyile inikezwe.
Xa kusenziwa isicelo sebheyile, inkundla ingakubuyisela umva oku ngeentsuku ezifika kwisixhenxe ngokwecandelo 50 le CPA. Ukuba inkundla iyakuvuma ukubuyisela umva, eli thuba lingasetyenziswa ukuqokelela ubungqina obuyakuthi bufuneke ukuchasa nebheyile. Noxa ummangalelwa enelungelo lebheyile kwaye engenakuthintelwa ukuba enze isicelo sayo enkundleni yamatyala, mninzi umsebenzi onxulumene nolawulo ekufanele wenziwe phambi kokuba umntu asiwe enkundleni ukuya kufaka isicelo sebheyile, njengokwenza ingxelo ngokubamba nokuthatha iminwe eshicilelweyo kunye notsalo-gazi. Ngaphandle kokuba umntu uyafuna ukusebenzisana, ukusebenzisana kwakhe ekugqibeni lemisebenzi yolawulo kwaneyokuphanda ingenziwa imfuneko ekufumaneni kwakhe ibheyile.
Icandelo 50 lomThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho umisa okokuba umntu obanjiweyo ufanele ukuziswa enkundleni yamatyala kungaphelanga iiyure ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo ebanjiwe. Icandelo 35 (d) lo Mgaqo- Sisekelo uqhuba umisa okokuba akuphelelanga ekuziseni umntu enkundleni kungaphelanga iiyure ezingamashumi amane enasibhozo, kodwa kufuneka umntu eziswe enkundleni yamatyala ngokukhawuleza. Esi sigaba sexesha seeyure ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo lelona xesha lide kwaye umsebenzi uxhomekeke epoliseni ukuzisa umntu enkundleni ngokukhawuleza. Ezi yure zingamashumi amane anesibhozo ziqala xa umntu ebanjwa aze ahluthwe inkululeko yakhe. Ukuba ipolisa liyakwazi ukumzisa umntu enkundleni kwangoko, kodwa lingakwenzi oko , ukugcinwa eluvalelweni okugqithisileyo kungafunyaniswa kungekho mthethweni.
Kwityala lika Prokereur-Generaal, Vrystaat ephikisana no Ramakhosi 1996 All SA 207 (O) kwagqitywa kwelokuba, umTshutshisi omele umbuso azange anike bungqina bupheleleyo bokungathi ummangalelwa angafaka ukhuseleko loluntu engozini okanye nawuphina omnye umntu okanye umdla woluntu ngokubanzi okanye enze ityala elikuludwe lwenkqubo yokuqala ukuba unokukhululwa ngebheyile (iphepha 219 B-C). Inkundla yabuya yafumanisa ngokwezinto ezenzekileyo ukuba akugathi angazama ukulibaleka ityala lakhe okanye azame ukuphembelela okanye oyikise amangqina okanye afihle okanye atshabalalise ubungqina. (iphepha 235 F-G). Inkundla yagqiba ngokwalatha okokuba njengoko uphando lusezakuqhubeka iinyanga ezininzi, ummangalelwa, ongusomashishini, uyakulahlekelwa yimali eninzi ukuba ibheyile iyaliwa ngoko akukho mfuneko ngokobulungisa ukuba ammangalelwa agcinwe eluvalelweni.
Okokuba awudingi ukubamba umntu ngenjikalanga engaphambi kwempela-veki ende, sukukwenza oko.
Umntu ucingelwa njengomsulwa de kufunyaniswe ubungqina bokuba unetyala.
Ukubamba okungekho mthethweni kwanokusebenzisa amandla agqithisileyo kunganeziphumo zokuvalela ngokungekho mthethweni kwaye oko kungadala ukuba kufakwe amabango oluntu, amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho kwanokusikwa.
Igosa lasebupoliseni lifanele ukwazisa umntu obanjiweyo ngokukhawulezileyo ngelungelo lokukhetha nokufumana ingcebiso yegqwetha. Umntu obanjiweyo ufanele ukwaziswa ngokukhawulezileyo ngelungelo lokuba negqwetha elabelwe yena ngumbuso ngeendleko zombuso, ukuba kungakho isiphumo sentswelo-bulungisa esikhulu icandelo 352b no c.
Kwigosa lasebupoliseni oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka unike umntu obanjiweyo ithuba lokunxulumana negqwetha lakhe. Ukuba umntu akanalo igqwetha ungamnikeza amagama amagqwetha akhoyo kwingingqi okanye iinombolo zomnxeba zeBhodi esemThethweni yoNcedo okanye eminye imibutho efana nayo kwingingqi yakho. Qinisekisa okokuba unazo iinombolo zomnxeba kwaye uyalazi negosa loncedo elisemthethweni kwinkundla ekufutshane kuwe.
Igosa lasebupoliseni kufanele liphathe wonke umntu obanjiweyo ngesidima nentlonipho ngexesha abanjiweyo (icandelo 10 kumGaqo-siseko : Isidima somntu)..
Umntu obanjiweyo uthatyathwa njengomsulwa de kuvezwe ubungqina obungathandabuzekiyo bokuba unalo yinkundla yomthetho.
Ummangalelwa angalibanga ilungelo lokumelwa ngokusemthethweni kuhlawulelwe ngumbuso, kodwa kunokwenzeka kuphela xa inkundla icinga okokuba ukuba ummangalelwa akanalo igqwetha, kuyakubakho intswelo-bulungisa enkulu?
Ummangalelwa obonelelwa ngegqwetha ngumbuso akanakho ukuzikhethela igqwetha elithile.
Kuxhomekeke kwijaji okanye kumantyi ukugqiba ukuba kuya kubakho intswelo-bulungisa enkulu ukuba ummangalelwa akanikezwanga ithuba lokumelwa ngokwasemthethweni ngeendleko zombuso?
Khumbula: Bonke abantu ababanjiweyo ikwangabantu abaseluvalelweni kwaye banamalungelo njengabo bavalelweyo (Icandelo 35 kumGaqo-siseko).
Unciphiso oluzanywayo maluqale luqulathwe kUmThetho wesicelo esingephi. Loo nto ithethe ukuba kufanele kubekho UmThetho wePalamente onikeza ilungelo lokubamba. Ngamaxesha amaninzi ibangumThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho kwaneminye imiThetho yePalamente. UmThetho wesicelo esingephi ngumThetho welizwe, oqulathe UmThetho omiselweyo ngokusemthethweni kwanomthetho ongabhalwanga.
Amalungelo angancitshiswa kangangokuba kufanelekile. Loo nto ithethe ukuba ukuncipha kufuneka kufaneleke phantsi kwezo meko. Ukuba kukho indlela enganciphisi kakhulu engasetyenziswa, ngamanye amazwi ukuba akudingeki ukuba umbambe umntu, wena gosa lasebupoliseni kufanele usebenzise enye indlela.
Uncitshiso kufanele lube nesizathu esivakalayo kuluntu lwedemokrasi evulekileyo esekelezelwe kwisidima somntu, ukulingana kwanenkululeko. Loo nto ithethe ukuba kufanele ukwazi ukunikeza isizathu esivakalayo ngokwenzileyo kwinkundla yamatyala. Idemokrasi yoluntu evulekileyo ithetha ukuba amagosa amapolisa kwezinye iidemokrasi zoluntu enza ngokufanayo phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo. Kufanele wonke umntu aphathwe ngendlela enesidima nentlonipho kungabikho mntu uza kucalulwa nokuba ungubani na. Khumbula ukuba umntu uthatyathwa njengomsulwa de kufunyaniswe ubungqina obupheleleyo bokuba unetyala kwinkundla kamatyala.
Ngokwakwicandelo 36 (a) ukuya ku(e) UmThetho-siseko wolwalamano uyasetyenziswa. Oku kuthetha ukuba naluphina ulwaphulo / nciphiso, umzekelo, lwelungelo lomntu lokuphila ubomi obubobakhe okanye inkululeko yokuhamba-hamba kufuneka lwalamane nohlobo nobungozi bomonakalo odalekileyo. Kufuneka ke ngoko kubekho ukulingana phakathi kwelungelo lomntu lokuphila ubomi obubobakhe okanye inkululeko yokuhamba-hamba nobungakanani bolwaphulo.
Iinjongo zalo msebenzi kukwenza amagosa asebupoliseni ukuba acinge ngeendlela athi anciphise ngazo amalungelo abantu nekufanele bakucingele xa benciphisa lamalungelo.
Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Ngawaphi amalungelo abantu ababanjiweyo angancitshiswa?
Angancitshiswa njani lamalungelo?
Fumana iimpendulo kwiqela ngalinye.
Qhuba ingxoxo ephangaleleyo uze ushwankathele.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo emayikhunjulwe xa kubanjwa umrhanelwa kukuba kufanele kubekho ukulingana phakathi kokwenza umsebenzi kakuhle kwanokuhlonipha amalungelo omrhanelwa. Xa abarhanelwa bebanjwa, abakafunyaniswa benetyala yinkundla.
Ngexesha kubanjwa, amagosa asebupoliseni akavumelekanga ukuba asebenzise amandla ngelokuzama ukohlwaya umntu obanjiweyo. Ukuba akukho mandla adingekayo xa kubajwa umntu, akufanelekanga kusetyenziswe mandla konke-konke. Okokuba udinga ukusebenzisa amandla ukuze ukwazi ukumbamba umntu, sebenzisa awona mandla mancinane phantsi kwemeko leyo okuyo.
Umntu ngobuqu bakhe, obuquka ilungelo lokungaphengululwa kwesiqu sakhe, ikhaya okanye izinto zakhe okanye kuthathwe izinto zakhe. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kungaphula okanye kunciphise elinye okanye amaninzi alamalungelo. Ngoko ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kufuneka ngawo onke amaxesha kube ngokwasemthethweni.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla bekulungile, bekufanelekile kwaye kubenesiphumo esisiso?
Kungavikeleka enkundleni yamatyala ukusetyenziswa kwamandla?
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kudale ukwenzakala okuncinane?
Kufuneka usebenzise kuphela amandla afunekayo ukoyisa isoyikiso, ukuxhathisa nokuhlaselwa. Okukona isoyikiso, ukuxhathisa okanye uhlaselo luba lukhulu, kokukhona ungasebenzisa amandla angezelelekileyo.
Xa umntu exhathisa ukubanjwa ubungozi bolwaphulo-mthetho atyholwa ngabo bungadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni isigqibo sokuba kusetyenziswe amandla aluhlobo luni na. Okokuba lityala nje elincinane, ungangazisebenzisi iintlobo ezithile zamandla.
Okokuba umntu akaxhathisi xa ebanjwa akufanelekanga usebenzise amandla konke konke.
Xa umntu ezichonga njengegosa lasebupoliseni (ngokubonakalayo nangokuthetha).
Xa igosa lasebupoliseni liyalela umntu ngomlomo ukuba makenze into.
Cela abafundi ukuba baqhube ingxoxo ephangaleleyo ngemigangatho eyahlukeneyo enokusetyenziswa ngexesha kubanjwa, ukuqalela kwawona mandla mancinane anokusetyenziswa.
Xa igosa lasebupoliseni liyalela okanye lilawula umntu ngomlomo ukuba enze into. Umzekelo: Xa umrhanelwa ebaleka kwaye igosa lasebupoliseni limkhwaza ukuba makeme.
Ubuchule obunelona thuba lincinane lokwenzakala.
Ubuchule obunokuba nobungozi.
Ukubambeka kwemithambo yentamo (ukuba igosa lasebupoliseni liqeqeshiwe), okanye olunye unyawo/umlenze/isandla/ingalo ihlasele imithambo idale ukungasebenzi okwethutyana kwelungu nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Olunye uhlaselo lubangele ukuphazamiseka kokulawula lokuhamba-hamba.
Njengokuba zivunywe lisebe, zisetyenziswa ngamagosa asebupoliseni aqeqeshwe ngobuchule obukumgangatho ongqongqo.
Ngexesha lokubamba igosa lasebupoliseni kusenokufuneka ukuba lizikhusele ngendlela elibona ifanelekile (ukuzikhusela). Khumbula ukusebenzisa amandla afanelekileyo ukuzikhusela nokukhusela abo bakufutshane bangenatyala.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla bekusisizathu esifanelekileyo phantsi kwezo meko?
Bekukho ukulingana phakathi kwesidingo sokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye namandla asetyenzisiweyo?
Bekungakanani ukwenzakala komntu obanjiweyo?
Amandla asetyenziswe ngokunyanisekileyo okanye ngolunya, ngokungenamfuneko okanye ngokuzanelisa ngokuhlungisa omnye umntu?
Lo ngumcimbi oxabanisayo kakhulu. Icandelo 49 leCPA likwinkqubo yokubhalwa ngokutsha. Isiqulatho salempendulo sisenokuguquka.
UmGaqo-siseko (Icandelo 11) uthi wonke umntu unelungelo lokuphila. Ngoko igosa lasebupoliseni linokumdubula umntu phantsi kweemeko ezithile kuphela. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba UmThetho ukuvumela xa kutheni ukuba udubule umntu obalekayo xa ebanjwa.
Iinjongo zalo msebenzi kukuIndawo yokuqwalaselwa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokudubula ngexesha kubanjwa nokuxoxa ngoMthetho-Sisekelo wokusebenzisa awona mandla mancinane.
Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Igosa lasebupoliseni lingamdubula xa kutheni umrhanelwa obalekayo?
Amandla angasetyenziswa ukuphengulula umntu obanjiweyo?
Isilayidi: Ukubamba inombolo 7.
UmThetho-siseko wokusetyenziswa kwamandla xa kubanjwa (icandelo 49 leCPA) usekhona. Le mithetho-siseko incitshiswa yinkqubo yamapolisa othi wengezelele kwi- CPA. Le nkqubo isahleli njengoko ibinjalo kwaye inamatheliswe apha njengesihlomelo A.
UmThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho kunye nomthetho weSAPS usinceda ukuba siqonde iindlela amapolisa angathi anciphise ngayo ilungelo lomntu lenkululeko kwanelokhuseleko. Le mithetho ikuxelela ukuba loluphina uhlobo lwamandla ongalusebenzisa xa ubamba.
Umrhanelwa utyholwa ngokuba wenze ityala elikhulu elikuluhlu lenkqubo yamapolisa. Qinisekisa ukuba unayo ikopi yenkqubo kwaye uyifunde ngentloko nangocoselelo.
Igosa lasebupoliseni limlumkisile umrhanelwa ukuba uyakudutyulwa ukuba akemi, umrhanelwa akasimameli isilumkiso.
Ubomi babanye abantu abusayi kubasengozini xa kudutyulwa.
Ukuba umrhanelwa akemi, kufanele kuqala udubule isithonga sokumlumkisa, ukwenza oku xa kungazokwenzakalisa omnye umntu. Ukuba umrhanelwa akemi, ungadubula. Kufuneka uzame ukudubula endaweni ethile emzimbeni, njengasemlenzeni, apho imbumbulu ingenakumbulala umrhanelwa.
Imfuneko yamandla amancinane ibonelelwe kwicandelo 13 (b) lomThetho wenkonzo yamapolisa ochazayo ukuba amandla angasetyenziswa lilungu kuphela?
Ilungu lingasebenzisa amandla alingeneyo kulo meko.
Ngokomthetho jikelele, uphengululo kufanele lwenziwe ngokwelungelo lokuphengulula (icandelo 21 leCPA) ngaphandle kokuba UmThetho ugunyazisa uphengululo ngaphandle kwelungelo lokuphengulula.
Ngokwakwicandelo 23 (a) leCPA, ilungu lingamphengulula umntu elimbambileyo lithimbe nayiphina into ekhankanyiweyo kwicandelo 20 le CPA ethi ifumaneke ikuye okanye eyigcinile okanye iphantsi kolawulo lomntu obanjiweyo.
Kufuneka yazisiwe into yokuba noxa icandelo 23 (a) leCPA lingagunyazisi ukusetyenziswa kwamandla xa kuqhutywa uphengululo, xa ifundwa necandelo 27 le- CPA kufuneka ichazwe ukuba iquka nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla alingeneyo kuyafuneka ukuze kuqhutywe uphengululo.
Ukuba umntu obanjiweyo uyazinikezela ukuba aphengululwe, kungangabikho mfuneko yokuba kusetyenziswe amandla konke konke.
Ukuba umntu obanjiweyo uyaxhathisa xa kuzanywa ukuba aphengululwe, amandla alingene ukoyisa okokuxhathisa kuyakufuneka ukuba asetyenziswe. Ngenxa yoku ezinye iindlela zokumnqanda zingasetyenziswa njengamahanibhoyi.
Ividiyo yemizuzu elishumi ephathelele ekubambeni iyafumaneka.
Ziziphi iindlela zokuqinisekisa ubukho bommangalelwa enkundleni?
Ngawaphi amalungelo omntu obanjiweyo?
Yiyiphi imithetho yokusentyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha kubanjwa, kwaye ithetha ukuthini?
Umntu obanjiweyo ufanele ukwaziswa ngamalungelo akhe ngokukhawuleza. Kuthetha ukuthini oku?
Ilungelo lokuthi cwaka lithetha ukuthini?
Ufanele ukuphathwa njani umntu obanjiweyo, ngoba?
Jongisisa ezona njongo zibalulekileyo zixoxwe kusetyenziswa imibuzo neempendulo.
Kukho uxwebhu lwesibhengezo olufumanekayo malunga namalungelo omntu obanjiweyo.
Olu xwebhu kufanele luxhonywe eludongeni phambi kokuba iseshini iqale.
d ukungathuthunjiswa nangaluphina uhlobo;kwa e nokungaphathwa okanye ukungohlwaywa ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo, engenabuntu nethoba isidima.
Ingaba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwakulungile, kufanelekile kwaye kwasebenza?
Ingaba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kungavikeleleka enkundleni yamatyala?
Ingaba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwadala ukwenzakala okuncinane?
Ingaba iindlela ezingenabundlobongela zizanyiwe kuqala?
Ingaba UmThetho-siseko wokulingeneyo nemfuneko ujongiwe?
Ingaba igosa lasebupoliseni lizamile ukuzinqanda ekusebenziseni isixhobo sokudubula?
Ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo sokudubula komnye umntu ngumlinganiselo ogqithisileyo: Ingaba wasetyenziswa njengecebo lokugqibela?
Khumbula: ukuba akukho sidingo sokuba usebenzise isixhobo sokudubula, musa ukusisebenzisa.
Umrhanelwa utyholwa ngelokuba wenze ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho olukhulu olukuluhlu lwenkqubo yomthetho wamapolisa. Qinisekisa okokuba unayo ikopi yomthetho kwaye uyifunde ngentloko nangocoselelo.
Igosa lasebupoliseni lizama ukubamba umntu kuba etyholwa ngolwaphulo- mthetho.
Umrhanelwa uyazi ukuba igosa lasebupoliseni lizama ukumbamba ngokwaphula UmThetho.
Ayikho enye indlela yokubamba umrhanelwa. Igosa lasebupoliseni limlumkisile umrhanelwa ukuba uyakudutyulwa ukuba akemi, umrhanelwa akasimameli isilumkiso.
Ubomi babanye abantu abusayi kubasengozini xa kudutyulwa.
Ukuba umrhanelwa akemi, kufanele kuqala udubule isithonga sokumlumkisa, ukwenza oku xa kungazokwenzakalisa omnye umntu.
Ukuba umrhanelwa akemi, ungadubula. Kufuneka uzame ukudubula endaweni ethile emzimbeni, njengasemlenzeni, apho imbumbulu ingenakumbulala umrhanelwa.
Yintoni injongo yokubamba?
Ziziphi ezinye iindlela ngaphandle kokubamba ezinokuqinisekisa ubukho enkundleni?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Yiyiphi indlela elungileyo yokubamba umntu?
Ngawaphi amalungelo neemfanelo ekufanele umntu obanjiweyo azenze?
Ziziphi iimfanelo ekufanele igosa lasebupoliseni lizenze ngexesha libamba umntu?
Zintoni ekufanele igosa lasebupoliseni lazise umntu obanjiweyo ngazo xa limbamba?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Umntu obanjiweyo angasenza phi, nini isicelo sebheyile?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Ngawaphi amalungelo abantu ababanjiweyo angancitshiswa?
Angancitshiswa njani lamalungelo?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Qhuba ingxoxo ngemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokusetyenziswa kwamandla xa kubanjwa, uqale ngowona mncinane onokusetyenziswa.
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Igosa lasebupoliseni lingamdubula xa kutheni umrhanelwa obalekayo?
Angasetyenziswa amandla ukuphengulula umntu obanjiweyo?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 2.
Yiyiphi imithetho ephathelele kuphengululo nokuthimba?
Iinjongo Umsebenzi 5.
Intshayelelo Umsebenzi 5.
Yiyiphi imithetho Umsebenzi 5.
Imiphumela yophengululo Umsebenzi 5.
Ukuphengulula ngaphandle Umsebenzi5.
Amanqaku jikelele ngokuziphatha Umsebenzi 5.
Ukusetyenziswa Umsebenzi 5.
Ividiyo ngokuphengulula nokuthimba Umsebenzi 5.
Isishwankathelo / Imibuzo Umsebenzi 5.
Emveni kokugqiba esi sahluko abafundi bayakukwazi ukuqonda nokuhlonipha?
Uphengululo nokuthimba lulwaphulo olukhulu lwamalungelo omntu. UmGaqo-Siseko uqinisekisa amalungelo omntu wonke angasese icandelo 14 lomGaqo-siseko nelungelo lokukhululeka nokhuseleko lomntu icandelo 12 lomGaqo-siseko. Lamalungelo athetha ukuba umBuso amapolisa awunakho ukuphengulula ikhaya lomntu, ipropati okanye umzimba kwaye awunakuthimba izinto umntu anazo, uvule iposi yakho okanye umamele ifowuni yakho ngasese ngokufaka olunye ucingo kolwakho lingekho igunya elisemthethweni lokwenza oko. Kubalulekile ukwazi okokuba akukho nalinye kula magunya elingathandabuzekiyo kuba asenokuncitshiswa. Ukuba kukho isizathu sokurhanela ukuba umntu wophule UmThetho okanye kukho isizathu sokukholelwa ukuba umntu usebenzise into ethile ukwaphula UmThetho okanye angangqina ukuba kwenziwe ulwaphulo-mthetho okanye izakusetyenziswa ekwaphuleni UmThetho, umGaqo-siseko icandelo 36 lomGaqo-siseko ubalula ilungelo lomntu langasese kwaye inkululeko nokhuseleko lunganciphiseka ngokomthetho wePalamente, umzekelo UmThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho ka-1977, UmThetho 57 ka-1977 ugunyazisa olo lawulo. Oku kungenziwa, umzekelo, xa umntu ephengululwa, xa indlu yomntu iphengululwa okanye xa into yomntu ithinjwa ngokwasemthethweni.
Imbangi yomsebenzi kukunikeza iinjongo zeseshini.
Khumbula okokuba igosa lasebupoliseni lingaqhuba uphengululo lithimbe izinto kuphela xa ligunyaziswe ngumThetho ukuba lenze njalo. Kunyanzelekile ke ukuba igosa lasebupoliseni liwasebenzise lamagunya phakathi kwemida elungiselelweyo ngumThetho kwaye liqinisekise ukuba amalungelo omntu awophulwanga. Ukuba igosa lasebupoliseni lenza umsebenzi walo ngokwasemthethweni, olu lwaphulo lwamalungelo oluntu luyakubasemthethweni.
Umntu unamalungelo aqinisekisiweyo kumGaqo-siseko, nokuba izinto zakhe ziphengululwe kwaza kwathijwa into. Kubalulekile okokuba isenzo segosa lasebupoliseni sihlale ngaphakathi kwemida yomthetho. Ukuba amalungelo omntu ancitshisiwe luphengululo nokuthimba, oko kunciphisa kufuneka kube kuncinane.
Iinjongo zalo msebenzi kukwenza abafundi bacinge ngemiphumela enokuthi uphengululo nokuthimba kube nayo kumalungelo omntu.
Sebenzisa Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Bacele bajonge kwigatya lokunciphisa kwiphepha 6 leencwadi zokusebenza bavavanye ukuba uphengululo kunye nokuthimba kungabonwa njengolwaphulo olunesizathu esisiso na kumalungelo omntu.
Cela abafundi ukuba banikeze ngemizekelo yemithetho (UmThetho osetyenziswa ngokubanzi) olawula ukuphengulula nokuthimba.
Fumana iimpendulo. Cela umthathi-nxaxheba omnye ukuba ngokuzithandela abhale amalungelo angathi ancitshiswe kwitshati okanye kwibhodi ngeli lixa iqela linikeza ingxelo.
Ukuncipha kufuneka kuqala kuqulathwe kUmThetho osetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufanele kubekho UmThetho omisiweyo (oku kuquka UmThetho wasePalamente, ummiselo, imithetho yedolophu) okanye UmThetho ongabhalwanga. Kuphengululo nokuthimba UmThetho osetyenziswa ngokubanzi iyakuba ngumThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho,1977, UmThetho weziXhobo neeBhombu, ka-1969 (UmThetho Nombolo 75 ka-1969) okanye UmThetho weziYobisi noRhwebo lweziYobisi, ka-1992 (UmThetho Nombolo 140 ka-1992), icandelo 13 lomThetho weNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika, ka-1995 (UmThetho Nombolo 68 ka-1995), neminye.
Amalungelo angancitshiswa kangangokuba uncitshiso lufanelekile. Oku kuthethe ukuba ukuncitshiswa kufuneka kufaneleke phantsi kweemeko ezo uphengululo luyakube luqhubeka phantsi kwazo. Ukuba kukho indlela engathinteli kakhulu kodwa inokuba nemiphumela efanayo, igosa lasebupoliseni kufanele lisebenzise loo ndlela. Imiphumela enokuthi ifunyanwe iyakunikeza isizathu sophengululo. Ngoko unciphiso luyakuba lolufanelekileyo. Amagosa asebupoliseni akufanelekanga ukuba anciphise amalungelo omntu ngokungafunekiyo.
Uncitshiso kufanele kube nesizathu kuluntu lwedemokrasi noluvulekileyo kusekelwe kwisidima soluntu, ukulingana nenkululeko. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufanele ukwazi ukunikeza izizathu zezenzo zakho enkundleni yamatyala.
Uluntu lwedemokrasi kwanoluvulekileyo luthetha ukuba amagosa asebupoliseni akolunye uluntu lwedemokrasi kufanele enze ngokufanayo kiimeko ezifanayo. Kufanele ngalo lonke ixesha uphathe wonke umntu ngendlela ehloniphekileyo nenesidima nangendlela enokuthi ilindeleke nakwamanye amagosa asebupoliseni. Akufanelanga ukuba ukhethe mntu ngokungalunganga. Khumbula ukuba umntu uthathwa njengomsulwa de afunyaniswe enetyala enkundleni yamatyala.
Ngokwakwicandelo 36 ukuya ku(e) UmThetho-siseko womlinganiselo usoloko usebenza. Oku kuthetha ukuba naluphina ulwaphulo lwelungelo lomntu langasese kufuneka lulinganiselwe kubunjani nobungozi bomonakalo odalwe kukuncitshiswa. Kufanele ngoko kubekho ukulingana phakathi kwelungelo lomntu langasese nobungakanani bolwaphulo. Amalungelo kufanele ancitshiswe kancinane. Injongo kufanele inikeze isizathu esisiso sokuphengulula(ulwaphulo).
Uwiso-mthetho olulolunye luquka UmThetho weziXhobo neeBhombu,1969 (UmThetho Nombolo 75 ka 1969), UmThetho weziYobisi noRhwebo lweziYobisi,1992 (UmThetho Nombolo 140 ka 1992), UmThetho wokuLawula abaseMzini, 1991 (UmThetho Nombolo 96 ka 1991), UmThetho woBiwo-Mfuyo, 1959 (UmThetho Nombolo 57 ka 1959) kunye necandelo 13 lomThetho weNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika, 1995 (UmThetho Nombolo 68 ka 1995).
Ilungelo langasese lelona lungelo lomntu elisisiseko. Ukhuseleko kulwaphulo lwelungelo langasese lomntu olungenasizathu okanye olungafanelekanga kubalulekile ngoko. Ukukhusela ilungelo lomntu nokuqinisekisa ukuba igosa lasebupoliseni lisebenza ngokusemthethweni kunyanzelekile ukufumana isiqinisekiso phambi kokuba kuqhutywe uphengululo nokuthimba Icandelo 21 leCPA linikeza ukhuseleko ngokufuna ukuba into ithinjwe kuphela xa kukho isiqinisekiso sokuphengulula. Esi siqinisekiso sinikezwa kuphela ligosa lasenkundleni, kutsho ukuthi, umantyi okanye igosa lobulungisa noxolo (iquka negosa eligunyazisiweyo lamapolisa). Igosa lasenkundleni liyakujonga konke oko kuphambi kwalo lize lenze isigqibo sokuba kukho isizathu sophengululo kusini na, kuze ke kukhutshwe isiqinisekiso sophengululo ligosa elenza oko. Ukufumana isiqinisekiso sokuphengulula kukhusela ulwaphulo olungenasizathu okanye olungafanelekanga lwamalungelo angasese, njengokuba inkcazelo yokuqhutywa kophengululo iyakuphicothwa ngokukodwa?
Isiqinisekiso sokuphengulula kufuneka sifumaneke kwigosa lenkundla (umantyi okanye ijaji). Amagosa agunyazisiweyo nawo anawo amalungelo okukhupha isiqinisekiso, kodwa akufanelekanga ukuba athabathe inxaxheba kuphando olunokuthi luqhutywe malunga nesiqinisekiso eso sifunekayo. Eli gosa kufanele lizimele kwaye lingathathi cala ukuze lenze isigqibo sokuba likhuphe isiqinisekiso sokuphengulula kusini na ngokobungqina obuphambi kwalo. Amagosa agunyazisiweyo anelungelo lokukhupha isiqinisekiso kwaye amagosa asebupoliseni akafanelanga kuthingaza ukusebenzisa lendlela ukufumana isiqinisekiso, ingakumbi ukuba akukho mantyi ufumanekayo. Isiqinisekiso esifunyenwe kumantyi kunye nesegosa eligunyazisiweyo ziyalingana ngokomthetho. Kubhetele ukuphengulula ngesiqinisekiso esikhutshwe ligosa eligunyazisiweyo kunokuphengulula ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso.
Qhuba ingxoxo ngale mibuzo ilandelayo.
Sebenzisa Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Ungasifumana phi isiqinisekiso?
Ziziphi izinto ezifanele ukubakhona kwisicelo sesiqinisekiso?
Uphengululo kufanele luqhutywe nini?
Ufanele kukunikeza ikopi yesiqinisekiso sophengululo kumnini ndawo okanye kumhlali?
Isiqinisekiso sigunyazisa ukuphengululwa komntu okanye isakhiwo esithile kukhangelwa izinto ezithile.
Emva kokuba uphengululo lwenziwe, ikopi yesiqinisekiso kufuneka inikezwe umntu lowo othe amalungelo akhe achaphazeleka. Lo mntu uyakuba ngumnini ndawo okanye lowo uhlala kweso sakhiwo okanye lowo othe waphengululwa.
Indlela endilisekileyo abasemagunyeni abaya kuIndawo yokuqwalaselwa ngayo ulwaphulo olungekho mthethweni lwamalungelo omntu angasese ikwacaciswa kwizibonelelo kwicandelo 28 lomThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho. Eli candelo libonakalisa ukuba igosa lasebupoliseni elingasebenzi ngokwegunya lesiqinisekiso sokuphengulula, okanye eliphengulula okanye lithimbe lingagunyaziswanga okokuba likwenze oko, liyakufunyaniswa linetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho. Ixhoba lesisenzo singekho mthethweni nalo linelungelo lokumangalela ipolisa.
Icandelo 28 aliqukanisi izimangalo ekunokumangalelwa ngazo ilungu eliqhube uphengululo kunye nokuthimba okungekho mthethweni. Kuquka ulwaphulo-mthetho lomthetho ongabhalwanga, umzekelo, ukwenzakalisa, uhlaselo, ukonakalisa ipropati ngolunya kwanobusela.
Esinye isithintelo yinto yokuba icandelo 35 lomGaqo-siseko lichaza ukuba ubungqina obufunyenwe ngokwaphula ilungelo elizinzisiweyo kufuneka likhutshelwe ngaphandle kwetyala, ukuba ulwamkelo loko luyakwenza ukuba ityala libenomkhethe okanye lonakalise ulawulo lobulungisa. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubungqina obunjalo abusayi kwamkeleka enkundleni. Isiphumo soku ingaba kukukhululwa kommangalelwa.
UmThetho kufanele ibe kukuphengulula ngesiqinisekiso. Njengokuba ukuphengulula nokuthimba kuqulathe ulwaphulo olunzima lwelungelo lomntu langasese, umthetho wokuba isiqinisekiso siyafuneka ukunikeza ukhuseleko olubalulekileyo nolusemthethweni.
Injongo yalo msebenzi kukuxoxa ngeziphumo zokuphengulula okungekho mthethweni okanye ukuphengulula okudlula amagunya esiqinisekiso.
Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Siyakuba yintoni isiphumo sophengululo olungekho mthethweni?
Ingaba inkundla iyakubamkela ubungqina obufumaneke kuphengululo olungekho mthethweni?
Fundela abafundi lomzekelo.
Kwityala lika S ephikisana noMayekiso no-Andere ngo-1996 ALL SA 121 (c) igosa eliphandayo langena kwindawo ehlala ummangalelwa wokuqala ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso sokuphengulula lathimba izinto ezithile, kuqukanisa nezo eza zikwisingxobo esasisesommangalelwa wesithathu. Ummangalelwa wokuqala wavuma ukuba kuphengululwe indawo ahlala kuyo, kodwa kwakungekho bungqina bokuba ummangalelwa wesithathu wavuma ukuba isingxobo sakhe siphegululwe. Inkundla yagqiba kwelokuba izenzo zegosa eliphandayo kukwaphula kwangabom kwelungelo langasese lommangalelwa wesithathu. Inkundla yabuya yafumanisa ukuba akukho bungqina budibanisa izinto ezifunyenwe kwisingxobo sommangalelwa wesithathu kunye nolulwaphulo-mthetho nokuba injongo yegosa eliphandayo xa belithimba ezi zinto ibingenakuba kukuthintela ukutshatyalaliswa kobungqina.
Ifuna into yokuba inkcazo ekhoyo ijongisiswe ngumntu ozimeleyo nothembakeleyo ekufuneka enze isigqibo sokuba ukukholwa kwelungu, ukuba ukuphengulula nokuthimba kunesizathu kwaye kulungile. Olu khuseleko, luyaphetshwa xa uphengululo lwenziwe ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso kuze kunikeze isizathu sophengululo kwaye kungakwazeki ukufunyanwa kwesiqinisekiso sokuphengulula. Ngamanye amaxesha, kuye kungakwazeki ukuba makufunyanwe isiqinisekiso sokuphengulula, umzekelo, xa imeko ifuna isenzo esikhawulezileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubungqina abusayi kutshatyalaliswa. Isibonelelo senziwe, umzekelo, icandelo 22 lomThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho ukuphengulula nokuthimba ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso.
Amagosa asebupoliseni kufanele amphengulule umntu xa embamba. Oku kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso kwaye kusemthethweni. Icandelo 23 leCPA libonelela ngokuphengululwa komntu obanjiweyo kunye nesakhiwo ukuba umntu ubanjwe phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Isizathu soku kukukhusela imeko, ukukhusela umntu obanjiweyo ukuze athinteleke ekuzenzakaliseni, ukuthintela imeko yokuba ipolisa okanye nawuphina umntu angahlaselwa, kwanokuzuza ubungqina ngomntu obanjiweyo.
Noxa iimfuneko zokwenza ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso zifana nokwenza ngesiqinisekiso iinkundla ziwaphatha ngokwahlukeneyo lamatyala kwaye ziyakuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimfuno zahlangatyezwa xa kwakusenziwa ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso. Inkundla iyakuba ngqongqo ngoba umntu ozimeleyo akakhange abe ngomnye wabantu abathabatha isigqibo.
Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Lingaphengulula igosa lasebupoliseni ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso, ukuba kunjalo, nini?
Lonke uphengululo kwanokuthimba kufanele kuqhutywe kucingelwa isidima somntu. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uphathe abantu kunye nezinto zabo ngentlonipho kungenzeki monakalo ungafunekiyo kwaye kungabikho siphithiphithi. Umlinganiselo woku kukuba uphathe abanye abantu kunye nezinto zabo ngendlela ongathanda ukuphathwa ngayo nawe phantsi kwemeko efanayo. Oku kungqinelana noko kukwicandelo 10 lomGaqo-siseko. UmThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho ukwabonelela ngemigaqo eqinisekisa ukuba konke ukuphengulula nokuthimba kuyazanelisa iimfuneko zokuhlonipheka komntu (icandelo 29 lomThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho).
Ukuphengululwa komzimba kufanele kwenziwe ngasese, ukuba kuyakwazeka oko. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba isidima somntu sikhuselekile. Ukuba akukho polisa elibhinqileyo lokuphengulula umzimba womfazi, ipolisa eliyindoda lingacela nawuphina umfazi eluntwini ukuba aphengulule umzimba walo mfazi.
Ukuphengululwa kwamalungu anqabileyo, oku kuthetha ukuphengulula amalungu omzimba angasese (indlela eya esizalweni, umva), kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngugqirha. Olu phengululo lungaqhutywa kuphela ukuba kukho isizathu esivakalayo ekukholelwa ukuba into ekubhekiswe kuyo kwicandelo 20 lomThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho ifihlwe kuloo ndawo emzimbeni womntu obanjiweyo.
Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Ipolisa eliyindoda lingamphengulula obhinqileyo?
Xa kungekho polisa elibhinqileyo, kufanele lenzeni ipolisa eliyindoda?
Uphengululo lwakhe nawuphina umntu okanye isakhiwo luyakuqhutywa kunanzwe intlonipho nocwangco, kwaye umfazi uyakuphengululwa ngumfazi kwaye ukuba akukho polisa lomfazi elikhoyo, uphengululo luyakwenziwa nangowuphina umfazi onyulwe ukuba enze oko.
Ipolisa elinokuphengulula ngokusemthethweni nawuphina umntu okanye nasiphina isakhiwo, okanye elingangena nakwisiphina isakhiwo ngeenjongo zokufumana ubungqina lingawasebenzisa amandla kangangokuba enokuthi afuneke ukoyisa ukuxhathisa okuthintela uphengululo nokungena (icandelo 27 leCPA). Oku kuthetha ukuba ipolisa lingasebenzisa amandla afunekayo phantsi kwalo meko. Ukuba akukho mfuneko yokusetyenziswa kwamandla, mawangasetyenziswa. Ungasebenzisa amandla afunekayo ukoyisa isoyikiso okanye ukuxhathisa.
Ngokwecandelo 27 lomThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho ipolisa lingasebenzisa amandla afunekayo ukungena kwisakhiwo ukuqhuba uphengululo. Phambi kokuba nawaphina amandla asetyenziswe ipolisa kufanele ngokuvakalayo libange ukungena kwaye linikeze isizathu sokuba kutheni lifuna ukungena. Ipolisa lingawophula umnyango okanye ifestile ukuze likwazi ukugena. Ukuba akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa amandla, kufanele amandla angasetyenziswa konke.
Akukho sinxaxhi kulo mthetho. Ukuba ipolisa linesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba nayiphina into efanele ukuphengululwa ingatshatyalaliswa okanye ingalahlwa ukuba ibango lokungena lenziwe ngokuvakalayo kuqala kwaye isizathu sokungena sixelwe, ilungu lingasebenzisa amandla afunekayo. Oku kungenzeka xa into ekufuneka iphengululwe incinane kakhulu okanye ineziyobisi ezincinane ezinokuthi zitshatyalaliswe okanye zilahlwe, umzekelo, ngokuyihambisa kumbhobho wamanzi okanye ukuyiginya okanye ukuba ubomi bamalungu busengozini ukuba kunokuqonkqozwa, umzekelo, ukuba amalungu ayazi ukuba umntu ongaphakathi unompu. Esi sinxaxhi saziwa njengokuba ligatya lokungaqonkqozi?
Icandelo 23 lomThetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mThetho ligunyazisa ipolisa ukuba liphengulule umntu obanjiweyo kwaye lithimbe nayiphina into ekwicandelo 20 leCPA, efumaneka kuye. Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuyafuneka, amandla alingeneyo angasetyenziswa. Imithetho esetyenziswa kuphengululo lwamalungu afihlakeleyo mayihlale ikhunjulwa.
UmThetho-siseko wamandla amancinane kufuneka usoloko ujongiwe. Ukuba akukho mandla afunekayo ukuthimba into makungasetyenziswa mandla.
Amandla kufuneka asetyenziswe kuphela xa kukho ukuxhathisa nakhona njengecebo lokugqibela. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuyakuba semthethweni kuphela ukuba uphengululo lusemthethweni. Khumbula, ukuba akukho mfuneko yokuba usebenzise amandla, musa ukuwasebenzisa.
Imizekelo: Akukho mfuneko yokophula idrowa ukhangela ibhayisikile. Akukho mfuneko yokophula isikhongozelo esingenisa ukukhanya apho into engaphakathi ibonakala ngokucacileyo.
Phengulula kwindawo apho le nto uyifunayo ingafumaneka khona (Umzekelo: Umabona-kude akasokuze angene kwibhokisi yokugcina izihombiso).
Injongo zalo msebenzi kukuxoxa ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla ukuphengulula isakhiwo ngeenjongo zokuthimba into.
Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Ipolisa kufanele na ukuba lisebenzise amandla ukungena kwisakhiwo xa lizokuqhuba uphengululo?
Kufanele na ukuba ipolisa lisebenzise amandla ukuthimba into?
Amanqaku ngophengululo nokuthimba?
Uphengululo kufanele lwenziwe phakathi kokuphuma nokutshona kwelanga ngaphandle kokuba isiqinisekiso sichaza nto imbi.
Ukuba injongo yomGaqo-Siseko ayikokuthintela uphando olululo lolwaphulo-mthetho, kodwa kukukhusela amalungelo oluntu abantu bonke.
Kukho ividiyo yemizuzu elishumi ekhoyo ebonisa ngokuphengulula nokuthimba?
Athetha ukuthini amacandelo 12 no-14 omGaqo-Siseko ngokunxulumene nophengululo nokuthimba?
Kutheni kulungile ukuziqhelisa ukufumana isiqinisekiso sokuphengulula phambi kophengululo?
Yiyiphi inkcazelo ekufuneka iqulathwe sisiqinisekiso?
Yintoni isiphumo sophengululo olungekho mthethweni okanye uphengululo oludlula ugunyaziso?
Lingakwazi ipolisa ukuphengulula ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso?
Kufanele lenze ntoni ipolisa phambi kokuba lisebenzise amandla ukungena nakwisiphina isakhiwo ngeenjongo zokuphengulula nokuthimba Ingaba kukho ukunxaxha kulo mthetho?
Sihlala ixesha elingakanani sisenokusetyenzisa isiqinisekiso, kwaye singasetyenziswa amaxesha amangaphi?
Isicelo sesiqinisekiso kufuneka siqulathe inkcazelo eyenziwe phantsi kofungo ibonisa izizathu zokukholelwa ukuba?
Phengulula kuphela kwindawo apho ungazifumana khona izinto.
Uphengululo kufuneka lwenziwe phakathi kokuphuma nokutshona kwelanga ngaphandle kokuba isiqinisekiso sichaza ngolunye uhlobo.
Nikezela ngekopi yesiqinisekiso sokuphengulula kumhlali apho kwisakhiwo xa eyicela, emva kokuba lwenziwe uphengululo.
Umhlali kufuneka esibonisiwe isiqinisekiso phambi kokuba uphengululo luqale, ukuba ukhona.
Uphengululo kufuneka ibe ngumThetho-siseko oqhutywa phambi komnini sakhiwo okanye komhlali.
Ulwaphulo lwamalugelo omntu kufuneka kuncitshiswe ngeyona ndlela njengokuba iimeko zifuna.
Amandla kufuneka asetyenziswe xa kukho imfuneko yoko.
Dwelisa imizekelo yamalungelo anokuthi ancitshiswe ngokuphengulula nokuthimba.
Phonononga igatya lokunciphisa elikwiphepha 6 leencwadana zokusebenza uvavanye ukuba uphengululo nokuthimba kuyabonakala njengolwaphulo olunesizathu samalungelo omntu na.
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Ungasifumana phi isiqinisekiso?
Yiyiphi inkcazo ekufuneka ifakwe kwisicelo sesiqinisekiso?
Xoxa ukuba yintoni equlathwe sisiqinisekiso?
Lufanele ukuqhutywa nini uphengululo?
Ufanele kukubonelela umnini ndawo okanye umhlali ngekopi yesiqinisekiso sokuphengulula?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Siyakuba yintoni isiphumo sophengululo olungekho mthethweni?
Ingaba inkundla iyakubamkela ubungqina obufunyenwe kuphengululo olungekho mthethweni?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Lifanele ipolisa ukuphegulula ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso na?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Kufanele na ukuba ipolisa eliyindoda liphengulule umfazi?
Ukuba akukho polisa libhinqileyo, kufanele lenze ntoni ipolisa eliyindoda?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Kufanelekile na ukuba ipolisa lisebenzise amandla ukungena kwisakhiwo ukuze liqhube uphengululo?
Kufanelekile na ukuba ipolisa lisebenzise amandla ukuthimba ipropati?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 5.
Iinjongo Umsebenzi 7.
Intshayelelo Umsebenzi 7.
Ukusetyenziswa Umsebenzi 7.
Kufuneka lenze ntoni ipolisa xa libona elinye ipolisa lingahloniphi amalungelo oluntu?
xa ipolisa okanye ilungu loluntu Umsebenzi 7.
Isishwankathelo / Imibuzo Umsebenzi 7.
Emveni kokugqiba esi sahluko abafundi kufuneka bazi kwaye bachaze?
AmaLungelo oluNtu ngawomntu wonke eMzantsi Afrika, kuqukanisa namapolisa. Lonke ilungelo lihamba noxanduva. Olunye loxanduva lwamalungu eNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika , njengokuba lenkonzo inxenye yombuso, ikukuhlonipha nokukhusela isidima soluntu nokugcina amalungelo omntu wonke. Kukwakho uxanduva kumapolisa lokukhonza umphakathi nokuqhuba imisebenzi yabo ngendlela yocwangco ngobuchule..
Ukuphelisa ulwaphulo-mthetho eMzantsi Afrika ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokwaphula amalungelo oluntu kufuna inkonzo yamapolisa enocwangco. Ukophulwa kwamalungelo oluntu ngamapolisa kubonwa njengokona kuziphatha kakubi kwaye kuyakohlwaywa kakhulu.
Phambi kokuba ubonise ividiyo xelela abafundi ukuba bajonge ividiyo becinga ngokwaphulwa kwamalungelo oluntu. Kufuneka bacinge okokuba olulwaphulo luyakuba nasiphumo sini na kucwangco nakwindima yabaphathi bamapolisa eSAPS.
Bonisa ividiyo engo- Cwangco/Abaphathi bamaPolisa nabaLawuli?
Emva kwevidiyo buza abafundi ngabanye ukuba bacinga ntoni ngokuqulathwe yividiyo malunga namalungelo oluntu nomsebenzi wobupolisa.
Umbuso kufanele uhloniphe, ukhusele, wenyuse kwaye uzalisekise amalungelo omThetho wamaLungelo oYilwayo.
Cela iqela ngalinye ukuba lenze oku kulandelayo: Sebenzisa isilayidi: Umsebenzi 7.
Cela iqela ngalinye ukuba linike umzekelo wento efanele ukwenziwa lipolisa. Buza onke amaqela ade onke amaqela abe aphendule.
Yintoni ekufanele ipolisa liyenze xa libona elinye ipolisa lisaphula amalungelo oluntu?
Ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo oluntu kungaphelela kusohlwayelwa.
Uphando kufuneka lukhawuleze, lucokiseke, lungakhethi buso.
Uphando luyakukhangela, amaxhoba, lufumane kwaye lugcine ubungqina, lufumane amangqina, lifumanise unobangela, indlela, indawo kunye nexesha lolwaphulo, lifumane kwaye libambe abenzi.
Iyakwenza ntoni i-ICD xa ipolisa okanye ilungu lomphakathi lifaka isikhalazo kuyo?
I-ICD inokuwuphanda lo mcimbi, ingakumbi loo matyala adibene nokufa kwabantu eluvalelweni okanye ngenxa yento eyenziwe ngamapolisa. I-ICD isenokuwugqithisela emapoliseni loo mcimbi ukuba bawuphande baze bona bajonge inkqubo ngeliso elibukhali. Ukugqitywa kophando i-ICD isenokunikeza iingcebiso zokuba kubekwe ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho kusini na okanye kuthatyathwe amanyathelo okohlwaya kuphela kwelopolisa.
Ukwakha ukuthembeka kwenkonzo yobupolisa ne-ICD eluntwini ekuphatheni ulwaphulo-mthetho?
Injongo yalo msebenzi kukwenza amapolisa acinge ngendima ye-ICD ukuqinisekisa ukuba amapolisa ayawaxhasa amalungelo oluntu.
Sebenzisa I-isilayidi: Umsebenzi 7.
Xa kuqhutywa uphando lolwaphulo, uphando kufuneka lukhawuleze, lucokiswe, lube nobuchule, lungakhethi buso. Esi sisiseko sesenzo solawulo lobulungisa. Isenzo solawulo lobulungisa Icandelo 6, Uluhlu 232 lomGaqo-siseko.
Oku kuthetha ukuba sonke isenzo solawulo kufuneka sihambe ngokwenkqubo eyiyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba imithetho yezobulungisa kufuneka ilandelwe.
Kutheni ucwangco lubalulekile kwiSAPS?
Ingaba uqeqesho ingayenye yendlela zokulungisa ulwaphulo lwamalungelo oluntu?
Yintoni engenzeka kwipolisa elaphula amalungelo?
Imibuzo inganceda kwinkqubo nokufumanisa ukuba ziziphi izinto ezingekaxoxwa.
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 7.
Isahluko 7 iphepha.
Kufanele lenze ntoni ipolisa xa libona ulwaphulo lwamalungelo oluntu?
Yintoni engenzeka xa ipolisa lisaphula amalungelo oluntu?
Isilayidi: Umsebenzi 7.
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Singathanda ukufumana ulwazi ngabantu abadla ngokuhlala kweli khaya okanye abahlala nawe ngoku.
Nceda ndinike amagama abantu abadla ngokuhlala kweli khaya okanye abahlala nawe ngoku , qala ngentloko yekhaya.
Ingaba (IGAMA) yindoda okanye libhinqa?
Wayemngakanani (IGAMA) ngemini yokuzalwa kwakhe yokugqibela?
Ungumsebenzi wasekhaya ongahlawulwayo?
Wenza umsebenzi onjani?
Ingaba uxakekile ufuna umsebenzi?
Uphila ngokwenza ntoni?
Wazalelwa phi (IGAMA)?
Lide kangakanani ixesha (IGAMA) ehlala kule lali?
Wayehlala phi (IGAMA) kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezadlulayo?
Yayiyintoni esona sizathu sika (IGAMA) sokutshintsha indawo yokuhlala?
Kanye ngonyaka okanye ngaphezulu.
Ingaba ukhona omnye kubazali bakhe bendalo ohlala kweli khaya?
Ingaba (IGAMA)unabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka e-7?
Ikhonza phi intloko yekhaya?
Xela uhlobo lwesakhiwo ehlala kuso intloko yekhaya.
Xela uhlobo lwesakhiwo ahlala kuso amalungu amaninzi ekhaya.
Ingaba intloko yekhaya ihlala kwisakhiwo esinye namalungu amaninzi ekhaya?
Xela ukuba iindonga zesakhiwo esihlala intloko yekhaya sakhiwe ngantoni isikakhulu.
Xela ukuba uphahla lwesakhiwo esihlala intloko yekhaya lwakhiwe ngantoni isikakhulu.
Xela ukuba iindonga zesakhiwo esihlala uninzi lwamalungu ekhaya sakhiwe ngantoni isikakhulu.
Xela ukuba uphahla lwesakhiwo esihlala uninzi lwamalungu ekhaya lwakhiwe ngantoni isikakhulu.
Ingaba indawo yokuhlala yeyelungu losapho?
Inamagumbi amangaphi indawo yokuhlala yekhaya?
Uwafumana phi amanzi okusela?
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuya kukha amanzi okusela?
Unawo umbane kwindawo yokuhlala yakho?
Kubaswa ntoni likhaya xa kuphekwa?
Kulayitwa ntoni likhaya?
Ikhaya lisebenzisa oluphi uhlobo lwendlu yangasese?
Ingaba ikhaya lakho linomhlaba wokulima?
Ingaba ikhaya liyawusebenzisa lo mhlaba?
Nceda qikelela ingeniso yenyanga yekhaya.
Nceda xela izinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo kwinkcitho yekhaya yenyanga.
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Wawungakanani ngomhla wokuzalwa kwakho wokugqibela?
Uphumelele liphi ibanga ngokwasemfundweni?
Uyaphangela na, uziqeshile okanye ungumsebenzi wosapho ongahlawulwayo?
Wenza umsebenzi onjani?
Uphila ngokwenza ntoni?
Ingaba uzimisele ufuna umsebenzi?
Wawukhe watshata okanye wahlala nendoda?
Utshate kangaphi / uhleli kangaphi nendoda?
Wawumngakanani ukutshata kwakho okokuqala/ ukuqala ukuhlala nendoda?
Nceda xela imo yakho yomtshato ngoku.
Nceda xela uhlobo lomtshato.
Ingaba umyeni wakho unamanye amakhosikazi / abalingane ngaphandle kwakho?
Bangaphi abanye abafazi/abalingane anabo?
Unaso/zo esi/zinye isi/zizalwane ezisebenza kwaye zikwahlala kwenye indawo?
Bazalana njani aba bantu nawe?
Ingaba esi/zi si/zihlobo si/zikuthumelela imali amaxesha ngamaxesha?
Uyifumana kangaphi imali enjalo?
Ingaba uyasifumana isibonelelo soncedo oluvunyiweyo lukarhulemente esisesakho okanye somntwana wakho?
Sesantoni esi sibonelelo soncedo oluvunyiweyo?
Ingaba wawukhe waqeqeshelwa izakhono ezithile (ngokusesikweni okanye nje)?
Ukuqinisekisa kwakhona, ingaba utshatile okanye uyahlalisana?
Wayemngakanani umyeni /umasihlalisane wakho kusuku lokuzalwa kwakhe lokugqibela?
Ukhonza phi umyeni / umlingane (umasihlalisane) wakho?
Ingaba umyeni/umasihlalisane wakho uyakwazi ukufunda nje lula ileta engolwimi lwakhe lwenkobe, nzima okanye akakwazi?
Ingaba umyeni/umasihlalisane wakho uyakwazi ukubhala nje lula ileta engolwimi lwakhe lwenkobe, nzima okanye akakwazi?
Uphumelele liphi ibanga ngokwasemfundweni?
Ingaba umyeni wakho /umasihlalisane wakho uyasebenza?
Ingaba umyeni/umasihlalisane wakho uyaphangela, uziqeshile okanye ngumsebenzi wosapho ongahlawulwayo?
Uphangela phi umyeni/ umasihlalisane wakho?
Wenza msebenzi mni umyeni/umasihlalisane wakho?
Uphila ngokwenza ntoni umyeni/umasihlalisane wakho?
Ingaba umyeni/umasihlalisane wakho ukhangela umsebenzi?
Mingaphi iminyaka/iinyanga oyi/zichithe nikunye nomyeni /nomasihlalisane wakho ukususela ngomhla enaqala ngawo ukuhlala kunye?
Mingaphi iminyaka/iinyanga oyi/zichithe nikunye nalo myeni/umasihlalisane onaye ngoku ukususela ngomhla enaqala ngawo ukuhlala kunye?
Wayehlala phi umyeni/umasihlalisane wakho kwiinyanaga ezili-12 ezidlulileyo?
Uhlala phi umyeni/umasihlalisane wakho ngoku?
Yayiyintoni esona sizathu siphambili sokutshintsha indawo komyeni/kukamasihlalisane?
Ubakho nini umlingane wakho ekhaya?
Uwakha kangaphi amanzi?
Kukuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuya kukha amanzi?
Uzitheza/uzichola-chola kangaphi iinkuni?
Uzihlamba kangaphi iimpahla?
Kukuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuhlamba impahla?
Udla ngokuzihlamba phi iimpahla zakho?
Udla ngokulungisa kangaphi ukutya ngemini?
Uchitha ixesha elingakanani ulungisa ukutya ngemini?
Ngubani omakenze isigqibo ngenani labantwana kusapho?
Ngubani owenza isigqibo ngenkcitho yekhaya?
Ngubani omakenze isigqibo ngenkcitho yemali yekhaya?
Ngubani omakenze isigqibo ngokucwangcisa komfazi?
Ngubani owenza isigqibo ngokucwangcisa komfazi?
Ndingathanda ukukubuza ngokukhulelwa nangokuzala kwakho konke apha ebomini bakho.
Waqala uneminyaka emingaphi ukuya exesheni?
Waqala uneminyaka emingaphi ukwabelana ngesondo?
Wawuneminyaka emingaphi ukukhulelwa kwakho okokuqala?
Ingaba wawukhe wamzala umntwana ophilileyo?
Wawumngakanani ukuzala kwakho izibulo lakho?
Unabo abantwana obazeleyo abahlala nawe ngoku?
Bangaphi oonyana bakho abahlala nawe ngoku?
Zingaphi iintombi zakho ezihlala nawe ngoku?
Unabo abantwana obazeleyo abaphilayo kodwa abangahlali nawe ngoku?
Bangaphi oonyana bakho abaphilayo kodwa abangahlali nawe ngoku?
Zingaphi iintombi zakho eziphilayo kodwa ezingahlali nawe ngoku?
Ingaba wawukhe wazala inkwenkwe okanye intombazana ephilayo kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha yabhubha / yangcwatywa?
Ukuba hayi, cikida: Nayiphi enye inkwenkwe okanye intombazana eyakhalayo okanye yabonisa naluphi uphawu lokuphila kodwa yaphila iiyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa?
Mangaphi amakhwenkwe owazeleyo aye abhubha / angcwatywa?
Mangaphi amantombazana owazeleyo aze abhubha / angcwatywa?
Dibanisa iimpendulo 80, 81, 83, 84, 86 & 87 uze ufake isiphumo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ndiyifake kakuhle le nto: Bangaphi abantwana ebomini bakho obazele bephila?
Ukuba iimpendulo azifani, cikida 79 ukuya kuma- 87 njengoko kufuneka. Ukuba amanani ayafana, qhuba.
Ingaba kukho abanye abantwana ongabazalanga, kodwa abaphilayo kwaye obagcinileyo?
Mangaphi amakwenkwe angawazalanga kodwa owagcinileyo ahlala nawe?
Mangaphi amantombazana ongawazalanga kodwa owagcinileyo kwaye ahlala nawe?
Ngoku ndithanda ukhe ndithethe ngabantwana bakho bonke abazalwa ukususela ngoFebhruwari 1991.
Ngubani IGAMA elithiywe umntwana?
Ingaba (IGAMA) yinkwenkwe okanye yintombazana?
Wazalwa ngowuphi unyaka nenyanga (IGAMA)?
CIKIDA: Uthini umhla wokuzalwa kwakhe OKANYE: Wazalwa ngeliphi ixesha lonyaka?
Ingaba (IGAMA) usaphila okanye wabhubha wangcwatywa?
Wayemngakanani(IGAMA) ngomhla wokugqibela wokuzalwa kwakhe?
Ingaba ukhe wazuza ukhathalelo xa wawukhulelwe (IGAMA)?
Ngubani owakuncedisa ukubeleka (IGAMA)?
Wabelekelwa phi IGAMA?
Likhona na ikhadi laseklinikhi?
Wawukhe wamnca ncisa lo mntwana?
Umncancise iinyanga ezingaphi (IGAMA)?
Ingaba (IGAMA) ebekhe wagula yifiva kwezi veki zimbini zidlulileyo?
Ingaba (IGAMA) ebekhe wakhohlela kwezi veki zimbini zidlulileyo?
Ingaba wawufumne ukhathalelo lwaphambi kokuzala xa wawukhulelwe (IGAMA)?
Ngubani owakuncedisa ukubeleka (IGAMA)?
Wazalelwa phi (IGAMA)?
Likhona ikhadi laseklinikhi?
Ufuna ukuba (nabanye) abantwana?
Ufuna (abanye) oonyana abangaphi?
Ufuna (ezinye) iintombi ezingaphi?
Ukuba unokuba nomntwana omnye, ungakhetha inkwenkwe okanye intombazana.
Ukuba ubunokukhetha inani loonyana ebomini bakho bonke, bebenokuba bangaphi?
Ukuba ubunokukhulelwa kwiiveki ezimbini ezizayo, ungavuya, ungahlupheka okanye ingayinto nje engenamsebenzi.
Ingaba kukho ixesha owawukhe wakhulelwa ebomini bakho waze awayivuyela loo nto?
Ingaba wawukhe weva okanye kukho mntu omaziyo owasiphelisayo isisu sakhe?
Ucinga ukuba kutheni abanye abafazi beziphelisa izisu zabo?
Ziziphi ezinye iiindlela abazisebenzisayo abafazi ukuphelisa izisu zabo?
Uyazi na ngalo Mthetho Oyilwayo woPheliso Lwesisu?
Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye ubungafuni okanye awuyonwabelanga loo nto, ungasiphelisa isisu sakho?
Ungaya phi ukuze uphelise esi sisu?
Ingaba wawukhe waphelisa isisu?
Ucinga ukuba umntwana makabe mngakanani phambi kokuba unina amyekise ibele?
Wawukhe weva ngeendlela zokwenza isithuba phakathi kwabantwana okanye ukulawula inani labo?
Zeziphi iindela zocwangciso-nzala owawukhe weva ngazo?
Ingaba ikhona indlela yocwangciso-nzala oyisebenzisayo ngoku?
Usebenzisa eyiphi indlela ngoku?
Ngubani okunikayo uhlobo locwangciso-nzala olusebenzisayo?
Unaso isibhedlele/iklinikhi kwindawo yakho?
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba wena okanye usapho lwakho ukuya kufika kwisibhedlele/ iklinikhi ekufutshane?
Uya njani kwisibhedlele/kwiklinikhi ekufutshane?
Ingaba zikhona izangoma kwindawo yakho?
Wawukhe waya kwisangoma?
Unazo iinkonzo zocwangciso-nzala kwindawo yakho?
Wawukhe weva ngoGAWULAYO okanye intsholongwane yeHIV.
Angayifumana njani umntu intsholongwane yeHIV?
Ukwabelana ngezinto ezinjengezitya, indlu yangasese njalo njalo.
Nceda xela ukuba zeziphi kwezi zifo ezixhaphakileyo kwindawo yakho..
Nceda xela ukuba zeziphi kwezi zifo zilandelayo ezixhaphakileyo kusapho lwakho.
Ungaya kulufumana phi unyango lwezi zifo zinje?
Bakutya nini abantwana abakwikhaya lakho oku kutya kulandelayo?
Ungatsho kusini na ukuba abantwana bakho balamba rhoqo, ngamanye amaxesha manqapha-nqapha okanye abakhe balambe?
Unabo abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka e-7 ubudala?
Ingaba unolwazi lwe/lwamaphulo ophuhliso kwingingqi?
Uthatha inxaxheba na kula maphulo ophuhliso?
Uyayazi na iNkqubo enguNdoqo (iPhulo iBabinachuene) leSebe lezeNtlalontle?
Weva njani ngePhulo iBabinachuene kwiphondo lakho?
Ucinga ukuba iPhulo iBabinachuene liyabanceda abantu kwilali yakho?
Kufuneka bakhethwe njani abathathi-nxaxheba kwiPhulo iBabinachuene?
Ingaba uthatha inxaxheba kwiPhulo iBabinachuene elalini yakho?
Ingaba wawukhe wathatha inxaxheba kwiPhulo iBabinachuene?
Wayekela ntoni ukuthatha inxaxheba?
Ingaba ikhaya lakho liyazuza ngokuthatha kwakho inxaxheba kwiPhulo iBabinachuene?
Ingaba uzuzile umntwana /abantwana wa/bakho kwiPhulo iBabinachuene o/abangaphantsi kwesixhenxe seminyaka?
Ingaba umyeni/umasihlalisane wakho uyayivuma into yokuthatha kwakho inxaxheba kwiPhulo iBabinachuene?
Ingaba kukho izakhono ozizuzileyo ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwiPhulo iBabinachuene?
Ucinga ukulusebenzisa njani ulwazi okanye isakhono osizuze ekuthatheni inxaxheba kweli phulo?
Kufuneka isetyenziswe njani imali ezuzwe ngokuthengisa imveliso yePhulo iBabinachuene?
Uthatha (wawuthatha) inxaxheba na ekwenziweni kwezigqibo ngephulo?
Uthatha (wathatha) inxaxheba kangaphi ekwenziweni kwezigqibo?
Nika umzekelo wokuthatha inxaxheba kwakho ekwenziweni kwezigqibo?
Ingaba iPhulo iBabinachuene liyabanceda abantu ezilalini kwicala lemali?
Ukuba ewe, kanjani?
Yeyiphi kwezi zilandelayo ocinga ukuba yeyona ibalulekileyo ukuze kuqhubeke iPhulo iBabinachuene?
Ukuba ungaphantsi kwama-24 eenyanga mlinganisele elele phantsi, abanye benze bemile.
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ISebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko, lihlanganyelene nabaPhathiswa beSizwe kunye nee-MEC ezinoxanduva lwenkcubeko kwintlanganiso yabo ye-MINMEC yangoMatshi 2004, baphakamisa umxholo othi ukubhiyozela amafa ethu aphilayo "yintoni eyenza ukuba siphile" kunyaka weshumi wentando yethu yesininzi."
Lo mxholo uyakuqhuba le minyaka mithathu izayo uze uphele ngoSeptemba ka-2007. iSebe lijolise ukusebenzisa ngecebo iNyanga yokuBhiyozela aMafa njengesixhobo sombono wexesha elide wokuqokelela, ukugcina, ukukhusela, ukuphakamisa kunye nokusasaza amafa aphilayo/amafa enkcubeko angaphathekiyo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo woMzantsi Afrika kunye namaxwebhu owiso-mthetho ngokuqhelekileyo into abhekiselele kuyo njengamafa aphilayo kumazwe ngamazwe (UNESCO) kubhekiselwa kuyo njengamafa enkcubeko angabambekiyo. Ngoqulunqo lwakamva nje lweNkomfa yamazwe ngamazwe yokuKhuselwa kwaMafa eNkcubeko engaBambekiyo, intsingiselo entsha ifumana amandla apho iingcali zamafa kunye namagcisa aqalayo ukusebenzisa aMafa aPhilayo kunye naMafa eNkcubeko angaPhathekiyo ngokutshintshisana. Ukuba ngaba umntu uthetha ngamafa aphilayo kuyazeka ukuba ingxoxo imalunga namafa enkcubeko angaphathekiyo ngokunjalo naxa uphendulele.
iNkcazo njengoko ibekiwe kumThetho weBhunga laMafa eSizwe (umThetho oyiNombolo ye-11 ka-1999) kunye nomThetho weziBonelelo zaMafa eSizwe (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-25 ka-1999).
Indlela epheleleyo yendalo, yoluntu kunye nobudlelwane bentlalo.
Ngenjongo zale Nkomfa - "aMafa eNkcubeko angaPhathekiyo" athetha izenzo, ukwaziswa, ukubonisa, ulwazi, izakhono - ngokunjalo nezixhobo, izinto, izixhobo ezenziwe ngumntu kunye nezithuba zenkcubeko ezinxulunyaniswa nayo - uluntu, amaqela, kunye, kwezinye iimeko, abantu abangabodwa abaziqondayo ukuba ziyinxenye yamafa abo enkcubeko, ezidluliswa zisuka kwisizukulwana zisiya kwesinye isizukulwana, eziye zenziwe kwakhona rhoqo luluntu kunye namaqela ukuphendula kokusingqongileyo kwabo, indibano yabo nendalo kunye nembali yabo, kwaye ebanika ukuzazisa kunye nokuqhubeka, okuthi ke kuphakamise iyantlukwano yenkcubeko kunye nesakhono somntu sokudala. Ngenjongo zale nkomfa, ingqalelo iyakunikwa kuphela amafa enkcubeko angaphathekiyo anjalo njengoko engqinelana nezixhobo zamalungelo oluntu zamazwe ngamazwe esele zikhona njengeemfuno zentlonipho emacala phakathi koluntu, amaqela, abantu abangabodwa kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
a Amasiko athethwa ngomlomo kunye neziboniso, ziquka njengesixhobo samafa enkcubeko engaphathekiyo.
b Ubugcisa obungemidlalo, izenzo zentlalo, amasiko kunye nezehlo zexesha elithile lonyaka.
Iinkcazelo ezandulelayo (ngokwemiqathango yomthetho woMzantsi Afrika kunye nomThetho waMazwe ngaMazwe) ubhekiselele kwizinto ezingaphezulu okanye ezingaphantsi ezifanayo. Izinto ezifanayo ngamasiko athethwa omlomo, ukwenza, amasiko kunye nolwazi kwindalo, kuluntu kunye nobudlelwane bentlalo. Apho umntu abona khona iyantlukwano, ayiyoyantlukwano ngokwemiqathango yondoqo kodwa kuphela yisemantiki. Ngoko ukusetyenziswa kwamabinzana ngokutshintshisana njengoko abemi boMzantsi Afrika besenza akumiseli naluphi na ulwaphulo koko kukubakhona kokuzikhethela.
Amafa aphilayo njengaso nasiphi na isenzeko soluntu angaphambili embalini kunexesha labaphathi kunye nekoloni. Yayingawo kwaye isekwangawo amava aphilwayo kuluntu olwahlukeneyo kwixesha lakudala kwimbali yomhlaba. Kukuphelela kwamava abo, indlela abasebenza ngayo ngokuzala, ukufikelela ebudaleni; ukufikisa, umtshato, ukuguga kunye nokufa, indlela abawabhiyozela ngayo la mabakala okukhula komntu; indlela abasebenza ngayo ngokuhlupheka nokuswela, ukuba balwakha njani uqoqosho lwabo, balwenza njani uzinzo lwabo; baphila njani nolunye uluntu ngokunjalo nendalo yabo ebangqongileyo, bawabalisa njani amabali abo, bacula kwaye badanisa njani Njl. Njl.
Uhlobo lwamafa aphilayo esinawo namhlanje ayinxenye yelifa esilifumene kwisinyanya sethu esixhaphakileyo esingumntu ukusukela kwixesha lakudala. Amafa ethu aphilayo aqala kumasiko athethwa ngomlomo, imbali ebaliswa ngomlomo, amasiko, indlela zemveli zolwazi ebezigciniwe; eziye zatshintsha kwaye oko kwenza ukuba izinto ezintsha zisuswe okanye zongezwe ngenxa yokudibana rhoqo phakathi koluntu olwahlukeneyo lwelizwe kuqala olwalohlulwe lithuba kunye nemigama yexesha. Ukudibana kunyuswe ngokungaphaya lusondelelwano lomhlaba olwenza abantu bazi izinto ezininzi. Oluzise unxibelelwano ngeminxeba nezinye izinto, ukunyuka kokuhamba nokukhenketha okuye kwanciphisa phakathi koluntu olwahlukeneyo.
UMzantsi Afrika ubonisa umzekelo ofanelekileyo woluntu olwazi iindawo nabantu abohlukeneyo kwaye unamafa enkcubeko awohlukeneyo natyebileyo - kungoko kukho intetho ethi iSizwe esiMibala-bala (Rainbow Nation).
Ngoko ke unemfanelo yokwakha imo yokusingqongileyo evumela ukuthethwa kunye nokubonisa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zaMafa aPhilayo zawo onke amaqela eentlanga. Oku kufuneka kwenzeke ngendlela exhasa izimvo zokungacaluli ngobuhlanga, ngokwesini, isizwe esineelwimi ezininzi kunye neenkcubeko ezininzi. Kwaye kufuneka kwenzeke oku kumxholo wokuzama ukuphakamisa ukwabelana ngamava enkcubeko phakathi kwamaqela enkcubeko awohlukeneyo kuba kungenxa yoku kwabelana kunye nokwamkela okumacala kwamafa ethu enkcubeko afanayo nawohlukeneyo apho siyakuphumeza khona uxolelwaniso lwesizwe, ukwakhiwa kwesizwe, kunye nokubambana ngokwentlalo.
Iya kuba ngumyalelo kuwo onke amaqela enkcubeko owokwabelana ngolwazi olumalunga notshintsho oluqhubayo, oluye lwenzeka kumafa abo enkcubeko aphilayo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngendlela yokujongwa kwezinto ezifanayo nezahlukeneyo. Kuyakubaluleka ukuqaphela ukuba ezi nkcubeko ziye ziye zinqumlezane njani na ukudala into ephilayo evela kwiinkcubeko ezingafaniyo ezinesimo esisodwa soMzantsi Afrika.
Yinto entle kakade into yokuba imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nemithetho eyenziwe emva ko-1994 yenze ukuvuselelwa kunye nokugcinwa kwamafa enkcubeko abo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika, oko ke kuphakamisa iinkcubeko zawo onke amaqela ethu abemi. Iphepha leNgcaciso Nkqubo lezobuGcisa, iNkcubeko naMafa ngokunjalo nomThetho weBhunga laMafa eSizwe (umThetho oyonombolo ye-11 ka-1999) kunye nomThetho weziBonelelo zaMafa eSizwe (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-25 ka-1999) uphethe ubungqina bombono owenzelwe ukuphumeza le njongo.
Amasebe karhulumente, imibutho engekho ngaphantsi kukarhulumente, imibutho esekelwe ekuhlaleni kunye nabantu abangabodwa benze imizamo enganxulunyaniswanga yokugcina kunye nokwazisa amafa aphilayo. Ngexa ezi ziqondwa kwaye zinconywa, indlela ekhokelwa ngurhulumente ngokunjalo nezicwangciso-qhinga eziqhutywa luluntu ziyafuneka ukuphuhlisa inkqubo ebanzi ethatha ingcinga yabo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Inkqubo kufuneka ibe ngaphaya kokuqokelelwa kwamafa aphilayo kwaye ifikelele kwelona qondo liphezulu ekuphuhlisweni komgaqo-nkqubo kunye nezixhobo zowiso-mthetho ezifunekayo kukhuselo lwayo (ekwenziweni urhwebo kwaye /into enokuthengiswa). Abaqali/iintshatsheli/abafukami bamafa aphilayo abathe ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinti babanako ukugcina ulwazi olubalulekileyo mabaziswe kwaye banikwe ukuqondwa okubafaneleyo.
Ukudala umgangatho weengxoxo zaMafa eziya kunika ukubonwa okukhulu kumbandela kwaye okulandelayo ibe kukwenziwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nemithetho ngokugcinwa, ukukhuselwa nokuphakanyiswa kwaMafa aPhilayo.
Ukwenza kwaziwe ukusetyenziswa kwamafa aphilayo njengesithuthi sokwakhiwa kwesizwe, uxolelwaniso lwesizwe, ukuhlaziywa kokulungileyo, ukubumbana ngokwentlalo kunye nasekwenziweni kwesazisi sesizwe soMzantsi Afrika.
Ukwazisa kunye nokuphakamisa amafa aphilayo kunye nokuhlanganisa uMzantsi Afrika kumalungelo awo oqoqosho, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngokhenketho.
Abantu boMzantsi Afrika benziwe ngamafa enkcubeko awohlukeneyo natyebileyo. Lolu luntu loMzantsi Afrika isebe elifuna ukuluhlanganisa kumafa aphilayo. Kukho umbono wokuba eMzantsi Afrika iiNtsuku zeSizwe ziye zaba yinto egcinelwe icandelo loluNtu elithile labemi. Oku kuchasene nokwakhiwa kwesizwe, uxolelwaniso kunye nokubumbana ngokwentlalo. Izicwangciso-qhinga zethu zonxibelelwano kunye nokurhweba kuyakucingwa ngazo ngendlela yokuba iiNtsuku zeSizwe jikelele kunye noSuku lwaMafa ingakumbi ziyakutsala uluntu oluninzi loMzantsi Afrika.
ISebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeka liceba enye indlela eyahlukileyo kwiNyanga yaMafa kunye nakwiinkqubo zoSuku lwaMafa ka-2004. Siceba ukuyiyekisa " iMibhiyozo yeSizwe" ngokuqhelekileyo ekuye kubekho umbhiyozo omkhulu kwiZakhiwo zoMdibaniso (Union Buildings) okanye kwenye indawo. Sicinga ngeNyanga yaMafa ebekwe phakathi kunye noSuku lwaMafa oluya kubona amaPhondo, ooMasipala, ooGunyaziwe beSizwe bedlala indawo ebalulekileyo kwisicwangciso-qhinga ukuze iNyanga yaMafa kunye noSuku lwaMafa zibe nefuthe kumgangatho woluntu kwaye zenze amandla okuhlanganisa uluntu loMzantsi Afrika kumba wamafa aphilayo. Sinethemba lokuwusebenzisa lomxholo njengebhodi yokutsibela ukuphumeza umbono omkhulu wokuqokelala, ukugcina, ukukhusela kunye nokuphakamisa aMafa ethu aPhilayo. Ngalo mxholo, kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo, i-DAC inethemba lokuseka umgaqo-nkqubo nomthetho ngokunjalo nempahla yesizwe kunye nedatabase yaMafa aPhilayo kunye neNdyebo ePhilayo yoluNtu ngoba le yesibini isilahlekela phantse yonke imihla.
Sizceba iiveki ekuzakube kujoliswe kuzo eziya kubalula izinto ezahlukeneyo zaMafa aPhilayo. Abathelelani abohlukeneyo bayakunika iinkcukacha zokuba baceba ukuziphumeza njani na iinkqubo ezenzelwe ukwazisa aMafa aPhilayo. ISebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko liceba ukungena kubuqabane noKopoletyeni wezoSasazo woMzantsi Afrika South African Boradcasting Corporation SABC ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukwaziswa okukhulu kwesi sihloko kunye neenkqubo zaso inyanga yonke.
Ngobuqabane ne-SABC, iqela leengxoxo ngoLwazi lwakuDala/lweMveli kunye neZenzo ziyakulungiselelwa. Injongo engundoqo iya kuba kukusebenzisa amafa eNkcubeko oMzantsi Afrika ukufaka isandla kwizinto ezibalulekileyo zesizwe kuqukwa nokuliwa kwe-HIV/Aids, ukuncitshiswa kolwaphulo-mthetho, ukwakhiwa kwesazisi sesizwe soMzantsi Afrika kunye nokuhlaziywa kokulungileyo.
Ukwenza ukuba umbono woLwazi lwakuDala/lweMveli kunye neZenzo zihlale zikhona phakathi kolutsha, kubalulekile ukukhomba ukubaluleka kunye nexabiso elilodwa lezi zenzo namhlanje (Ukuba ulutsha lungancedeka njani ngokwezentlalo noqoqosho kuzo). Njengokuba, kuye kwakho ukunyuka ekusetyenzisweni kwesinxibo semveli, okokwenza ubuso kunye nokokuhombisa, ulutsha emalukuthathe njengethuba lokwaziswa kwezentlalo-noqoqosho.
Abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaziwayo ukuba banezakhono ezizodwa kunye nobuchwepheshe kumamndla woLwazi lwakuDala/lweMveli kunye neZenzo bayakumenywa ukuba baye kwi-SABC kwaye banikwe umgangatho wokwabelana ngolwazi lwabo kunye nabemi bonke. Ugxininiso kufuneka ukuba ibe kukuba ezi zinto woLwazi lwakuDala/lweMveli kunye neZenzo ziyakusetyenziswa njani ukumelana nokona kubalulekileyo kwesizwe.
Umculo nomdaniso wemveli/wakudala onxulunyaniswa namava awohlukeneyo obomi kunye namasiko okubeleka, okufikisa, umtshato, ukufa njalo njalo.
Le veki iya kuba neenkqubo kunye nemidaniso engenzelwanga ukubonisa kuphela umculo kunye nomdaniso kodwa yenzelwa ukudibanisa ezi zinto kumabali, izehlo, imicimbi okanye amasiko. Iya kuba lithuba kwakhona lokubonisa ukuba umculo nomdaniso uveliswe njani kuluntu oluneenkcubeko ezininzi kunye nokuba iinkcubeko zizichaphazele ngokufanayo njani enye kwenye (ukudibana kweenkcubeko). Undoqo kolu vavanyo iya kuba lugxininiso lwamafa ethu afanayo enokusebenza njengenye yeebloko zokwakha. Kuyakubaluleka ke ngoko ukufumana abantu abadala ukuba basincede sigcine lo mbono wokuqinisekisa ukuba ubugcisa bokudala bomntu kunye nembali ezahlukeneyo zamaxesha athile zenziwa ukuba zaziwe kwaye zamkelwe zizizukulwana zangoku kunye nezexesha elizayo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, iya kuba kukuthabatha inxaxheba koluntu lwengingqi ekuboniseni ngemidaniso kunye nomculo wemveli.
Kukho into yokunxulumanisa ulwazi lwemveli/lwakudala kunye nezenzo necandelo elithile labantu kubemi bethu. Oku kuveza umbono ongenguwo wokuba amanye amaqela abemi zange abe nezinto zemveli kwaye zange ahlangabezane nemiceli mngeni amanye amaqela ahlangabezana nayo. Njengokuba, ukuveliswa kokutya, amayeza kunye namafutha okuqaba kwikhulu leminyaka eladlulayo kohlukile kunokuba kusenziwa namhlanje. Le yinto eqhelekileyo kumaqela onke abemi kwaye kuninzi esinokwabelana ngako njengokuba izinyanya zethu zazisebenzisa ziphi iindlela zokulima, zaziwenza njani umlilo, zaziyimba njani igolide kunye nedayimani, babeyilondoloza njani indalo yethu esingqongileyo, babefuya njani, babeyidlala njani indima yokuba ngababelekisi, babebakhulisa njani abantwana abancinane, babezisebenzisa kanjani izinto zokuqaba ubuso kunye nezinto zokuzipeyinta ubuso zemveli njl. njl. iSebe lingathanda, umzekelo, ukuqhuba ingxoxo ngokutya kwemveli.
Ukutya kwesintu kwemveli kunempilo kwaye kuyafikeleleka kunokutya okufana noko kwasentshona. Kodwa ke kubonakalisa amandla kwisondlo nakuqoqosho.
Le iveki iyakunikezelwa ekuthetheni kunye nakudliwano-ndlebe nabantu abangabodwa okanye kuxoxwe ngempumelelo yabantu abangabodwa abaye bagqwesa kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yamafa aphilayo.
Abafake isandla ngezenzo zabo eziluqilima ekuvuselelweni kwenkcubeko yemveli esemngciphekweni wokulahleka mhlawumbi ngenxa yokunqongophala kweendlela zokuyigcina ikhuselekile okanye ukhuselo okanye ngenxa yotshintsho oluthe rhoqo, ukwenziwa idolophu.
Ababonise indima yabo ngokuqinisa ukwaziswa kwenkcubeko yabantu kunye noluntu lwenkcubeko olubandakanyekayo, ukubaluleka kwabo njengabantu abanika ukuzithemba kunye nanjengendlela yokusondelelanisa abantu kunye noluntu kunye.
ISebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeka liceba ukuba neengxoxo-mpikiswano zesizwe ngezi zinto zesizwe zibalulekileyo zingasentla. Injongo engundoqo kukwenza lula ezi zinto zibalulekjileyo kusenzelwa bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Kukuxoxa nagokungaphaya ngokuba uMzantsi Afrika ungaziphumeza njani ezi njongo.
Ukuqondwa kobulumko obukhona kubemi boMzantsi Afrika, iSebe, ngosasazo lweendaba, liyakubandakanya isizwe kwingxoxo zokuba imiba eyahlukeneyo yamafa ethu aphilayo ingahlanganyiswa njani ukuze ibambane nezi zinto zibalulekileyo zesizwe.
Le ngxoxo-mpikiswano yesizwe iya kubeka isiseko ekuphuhlisweni kwesicwangciso-qhinga sesizwe kuQokelelo, uKhuselo, uGcino kunye nokuPhakanyiswa kaMafa aPhilayo/aMafa eNkcubeko angaPhathekiyo.
ImiBhiyozo yoSuku lwaMafa iyakuqhubeka kumaphondo alithoba ngokunjalo noomasipala. ISebe leSizwe/uNdlunkulu uyakuyisebenzisa inyanga njengomgangatho wokuphumeza iphulo ekufuneka liphelele kwisicwangciso-qhinga sokuQokelela, ukuGcina, ukuKhusela, ukuPhakamisa kunye nokuSasaza aMafa aPhilayo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_INTO EMELE UKWAZIWA NGUMSEBENZI NGAMNYE.txt</fn>
Esi sikhokelo sabhalwa ngenjongo yokukhathalela impilo nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi eMzantsi Afrika. Asijonganga ukungena endaweni yoMthetho wezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini wowe-1993. Sijonge ukuchaza uMthetho siwenze lula, sisebenzisa isigama esingesiso esasemthethweni kubo bonke abo bakwezempilo nokhuseleko emsebenzini eMzantsi Afrika.
Indima yabahloli bezempilo nokhuseleko beSebe lezoMsebenzi ichaziwe. Imisebenzi namalungelo abasebenzi njengoko zonke ezo zinto zichaziwe kuMthetho, zandlaliwe apha. Iindima noxanduva lwabaqeshi, olwemizi-mveliso, olwabayili, olwabarhwebi abangenisa impahla elizweni ekuqinisekiseni impilo nokhuseleko zizinto ezo ezikhankanyiweyo. Okokugqibela ke , imisebenzi yabameli bezempilo nokhuseleko kwaneyeekomiti ngokunjalo icacisiwe.
UMthetho wezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini, 1993, ufuna ukuba umqeshi enze kwaye agcine kangangoko anako indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo kwaye enganamngcipheko empilweni yabasebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba umqeshi kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba indawo yokusebenza ayinazo izinto eziyingozi njengebhenzini, iklorini, izinto ezincinci eziphilayo, izixhobo, iinkqubo njalo njalo, ezinokudala ukwenzakala, umonakalo okanye isifo. Apho oku kungakwazi ukwenzeka, umqeshi makaxelele abasebenzi ngezi ngozi, ukuba zinganqandwa njani, nendlela yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye athathe namanyathelo okwenza indawo yokusebenza ibe yekhuselekileyo.
Phofu ke, akulindelwanga ukuba umqeshi aluthwale yedwa uxanduva lwempilo nokhuseleko. UMthetho usekwe phezu komthetho-siseko othi iingozi kwindawo yokusebenza kufuneka zijongwe ngonxibelelwano nentsebenziswano phakathi kwabasebenzi nomqeshi. Abasebenzi nomqeshi mababelane ngoxanduva lwezempilo nokhuseleko kwindawo yokusebenza. Omabini la maqela kufuneka ashukume aphawule iingozi kwaye aphuhlise namanyathelo okulawula ezi ngozi ukwenza indawo yokusebenza ibe yekhuselekileyo. Ngale ndlela, umqeshi nabasebenzi babandakanyeka kumxokelelwano apho abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko bangayihlola indawo yokusebenza rhoqo baze banike ingxelo kwikomiti yezempilo nokhuseleko, eya kuthi yona ingenise iingcebiso kumqeshi. Ukuze kube nokuqinisekwa ukuba lo mxokelelwano uyasebenza, umsebenzi ngamnye kufuneka awazi amalungelo nemisebenzi yakhe equlethwe kuMthetho.
UMthetho owaziwa ngokuba nguMthetho wezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini wowe-1993 (uMthetho wama-85 wowe-1993) unamacandelo angama-50 avunywe yiPalamente. Injongo yalo Mthetho kukulungiselela impilo nokhuseleko lwabantu emsebenzini okanye ngokunxulumene nokusetyenziswa koomatshini. Kwakhona ulungiselela ukhuselo lwabantu ngaphandle kwabo basemsebenzini kwiingozi ezivela okanye ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yabantu emsebenzini.
Imimiselo eyahlukeneyo engezihloko ezithile iyafakelwa apha kuMthetho amaxesha ngamaxesha nguMphathiswa wezeMisebenzi.
UMthetho okanye iMimiselo ingathengwa kwiziko lokuShicilela likaRhulumente ikwiGazethi okanye yenziwe incwadi kubapapashi ngabapapashi.
UMthetho wezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini ulawulwa liCandelo loMlawuli Jikelele eliyiNtloko lezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini leSebe lezeMisebenzi.
Ukuqinisekisa impilo nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi, kusekwe ii-ofisi zamaphondo kuwo onke amaphondo. Kude kube ngoku, abahloli bezempilo nokhuseleko kwezi ofisi zamaphondo bayahlola benze nophando kwiindawo zokusebenza.
Ukuhlola kudla ngokucwangciswa ngokwengqikelelo-manani engozi, ubukho bezinto eziyingozi njengebhenzini kwiindawo zokuhlamba impahla, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo eziyingozi kwindawo yokusebenza. Kwelinye icala uhlolo ulungacwangciswanga ludla ngokuvela kwizicelo okanye kwizikhalazo zabasebenzi, ezabaqeshi okanye zikawonke-wonke. Ezi zikhalazo okanye izicelo zithathwa njengeziyimfihlo.
Kwimeko yengozi eyoyikisayo, umhloli angathintela inyathelo elithile, inkqubo okanye ukusetyenziswa komatshini okanye izixhobo ngokubeka isaziso sokuthintela. Akukho mntu omakangakukhathaleli okuqulethwe sisaziso esinjalo kwaye ukuthotyelwa kwaso kufuneka kuqale ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba igatya lommiselo lophulwe, umhloli anganika abasebenzi okanye umqeshi isaziso solwaphulo. Ulwaphulo loMthetho lungazala ukumangalelwa ngoko nangoko, kodwa kwimeko apho kophulwe ummiselo, umqeshi anganikwa ithuba lokuba alungise ulwaphulo olo ngexesha elithile elichazwe kwisaziso elidla ngokuba ziintsuku ezingama-60.
Apho amanyathelo ezempilo nokhuseleko asetyenziswa ngumqeshi engabakhuseli ngokwanelisayo abasebenzi, umhloli angafuna umqeshi ukuba eze namanye amanyathelo asebenzayo. Isaziso sokuphucula esimisela amanyathelo alungiisweyo sinikwa umqeshi.
Ukwenzela ukuba umhloli akwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe, angangena nakuyiphi indawo yokusebenza apho kusetyenziswa oomatshini okanye izinto ezinobungozi abuze okanye akhuphe umyalelo wokuba abo bantu mababonane naye. Umhloli angacela ukuba nawaphi na amaxwebhu angeniswe kuye, kwaye futhi aphande aze enze iikopi zamaxwebhu, kwaye afune inkcazelo ngazo naziphi na izinto ezikuloo maxwebhu. Umhloli angahlola nayiphi imeko okanye into athathe iisampulu zayo kwaye athimbe nayiphi into enokusebenza njengobungqina.
Kumele umqeshi enze ntoni ukuqinisekisa ukuba imeko-bume yasemsebenzini ikhuselekile kwaye ayinamngcipheko ngokubhekiselele empilweni yabasebenzi bakhe?
Umqeshi kufuneka anike kwaye agcine emgangathweni zonke izixhobo ezifunekayo xa kusenziwa umsebenzi, kwimeko engasayi kuchaphazela impilo nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi, kunye nemixokelelwano yonke ehamba nomsebenzi lowo kufuneka wenziwe. Phambi kokuba kusetyenziswe izixhobo zokhuselo ezizezomntu, umqeshi kufuneka kuqala azame ukususa okanye anciphise nayiphi na ingozi kwimpilo nakukhuseleko lwabasebenzi bakhe. Kuxa oku kungasebenzi, apho kunokuthi kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezizezomntu zokhuselo. Umqeshi kufuneka athathe amanyathelo okukhusela impilo nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi bakhe kwiingozi ezinokubangelwa yimveliso, kukwenziwa kwezinto, kukusetyenziswa, ukuphathwa, ukugcinwa okanye kukuhanjiswa kwezinto , ngamanye amagama nayiphi na into abasebenzi abanokuhlangana nayo emsebenzini.
aphawule izinto ezingayingozi ezikhoyo ngeli xesha kwenziwa umsebenzi, xa kuveliswa , kusenziwa, kusetyenziswa, kugcinwa okanye kuhanjiswa into, kwaye kusetyenziswa nasiphi isixhobo aseke amanyathelo asisilumkiso afunekayo ukukhusela abasebenzi bakhe kwiingozi eziphawuliweyo kwaye alungise neendlela zokuphumeza la manyathelo asisilumkiso.
anike ulwazi, imiyalelo uqeqesho nohlolo olufunekayo ngeli xa agcine engqondweni ubuchule babasebenzi. Ngamanye amagama azazi izinto abanokuzenza nezo banokungazenzi.
Umqeshi kufuneka abone ukuba umsebenzi ngamnye uxelelwe kwaye uyaziqonda iingozi zempilo nokhuseleko zomsebenzi owenziwayo, nantoni na eveliswayo, eyenziwayo, esetyenziswayo, egciniweyo, ephethweyo okanye ehanjisiweyo kwaye naziphi na izixhobo okanye umatshini osetyenziswayo. Umqeshi kufuneka ke anike ulwazi ngamanyathelo asisilumkiso ngezi ngozi.
Umqeshi kufuneka azise abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko xa umhloli emazisa ngohlolo okanye ngophando omaluqhutywe kwindawo yokusebenza. Umqeshi kufuneka kwakhona azise abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko nangasiphi na isicelo sokukhululwa okanye naluphi na ukhululo alunikiweyo ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho. Ukhululo luthetha ukukhululwa kumagatya athile oMthetho, emimiselo, ezaziso okanye emiyalelo ekhutshwe phantsi koMthetho.
Umqeshi kufuneka ngokukhawuleza azise abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko ngesehlo esenzeke kwindawo yokusebenza. Isehlo sisiganeko esenzeka emsebenzini apho umntu athi abhubhe, enzakale okanye agule. Kwakhona kukuchitheka kwekhemikhali enobungozi, umzekelo, xa itanki livuza ifomaldehayidi (ikhemikhali esetyenziswa kurhwebo)ngenxa yesivalo esinesiphene, okanye apho oomatshini bangalawulekiyo, bengabulalanga okanye bengenzakalisanga mntu.
Ukuba umntu othengiselwe impahla okanye into uyabhala ukuba uza kuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba impahla okanye into iza kuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno ezimiselweyo kwaye iya kukhuseleka kwaye ayinamngcipheko kwimpilo kwaye iimfanelo ezimele kwenziwa ngumngenisi wempahla, ngumyili, ngumthengisi, ngumniki okanye ngowomzi-mveliso ziya kutshintshela kuloo mntu uza kuthatha loo manyathelo.
akhathalele impilo nokhuseleko lwakhe kwakunye nabanye abantu abangachaphazeleka ngamanyathelo akhe okanye kukungakhathali kwakhe. Oku kuquka ukudlala emsebenzini.
uMthetho wezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini nemimiselo imithetho neenkqubo emazilandelwe kwindawo yokusebenza imigangatho yempilo nokhuseleko emayigcinwe ngumqeshi kwindawo yokusebenza.
Umsebenzi angacela ugqirha wakhe wangasese ukuba aphande ngokubasesichengeni kwakhe nangemeko yempilo.
Ukuba umsebenzi ngummeli wezempilo nokhuseleko, angaphanda kwaye enze amagqabantshintshi abhaliweyo ngovavanyo lokuba sesichengeni neengxelo zokuhlola.
Ukuba umntu ungummeli wezempilo nokhuseleko, angakhapha umhloli wezempilo nokhuseleko ophuma kwiSebe lezeMisebenzi ngexesha lohlolo lwendawo yokusebenza kwaye aphendule nayiphi na imibuzo umhloli anokuyibuza.
Umsebenzi angenza amagqabantshintshi okanye anike inkcazelo nangawuphi na ummiselo okanye umgangatho wokhuseleko opapashwe phantsi koMthetho wezeMpilo noKhuseleko eMsebenzini.
Akukho mntu omakaphazamise okanye asebenzise kakubi nayiphi na into elungiselelwe impilo nokhuseleko. Umzekelo, umntu akanakususa isithinteli-ngozi ematshinini aze asebenzise umatshini okanye avumele nawuphi na omnye umntu ukuba awusebenzise ngaphandle kwesithinteli-ngozi.
Ngoobani abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko?
Ngabasebenzi abasigxina abonyulwe okanye abakhethwe ngokubhalwa phantsi ngumqeshi emveni kokuba umqeshi nabasebenzi bebonisene kwaze kwafikwa kwisivumelwano sokuba ngoobani na abaza kuba ngabameli bezempilo nokhuseleko. Kwakhona kufuneka baqhelane neemeko zaloo ndawo bonyulelwe yona kwindawo yokusebenza. Kufuneka kufikelelwe nakwisigqibo sexesha lengqesho nemisebenzi yommeli wezempilo nokhuseleko kwaye kufuneka kuvunyelwane ngayo ngumqeshi nabasebenzi.
Kufuneka konyulwe abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko abangaphi?
Ummeli kufuneka onyulelwe indawo yokusebenza enabasebenzi abangama-20 nangapgezulu. Ngoko ke xa abasebenzi beli-19 akukho mfuneko yokuba konyulwe ummeli.
Kwiimeko yeevenkile nee-ofisi, ummeli omnye kufuneka onyulelwe abasebenzi abali-100 okanye inxalenye yabo. Umzekelo, ummeli makonyulwe kwimeko apho abasebenzi bangama-21 ukuya kwi-100. Kodwa abameli ababini kufuneka bonyulwe apho abasebenzi abaqeshiweyo bali-101 ukuya kuma-200 njalo njalo.
Kwimeko yezinye iindawo zokusebenza, kufuneka konyulwe ummeli abe mnye omele abesebenzi abangama-50 okanye inxalenye yabo. Umzekelo, ummeli makabe mnye kwimeko apho abasebenzi bangama-21 ukuya kuma-50. Kodwa makonyulwe abameli ababini apho abasebenzi abaqeshiweyo bangama-51 ukuya kwi-100.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko, umhloli angafuna konyulwe abanye abameli nokuba inani labasebenzi lingaphantsi kwama-20. Umzekelo, ukuma komatshini kungenza ukuba ukonyulwa kommeli omnye kungabeneli abasebenzi abangama-50. Umhloli angafuna konyulwe abameli abaninzi. Phofu ke, ukuba umqeshi nabaseebnzi bayavumelana, kungonyulwa abameli abangaphezulu kwenani elimiselweyo.
Kufuneka bonyulwe nini abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko?
Kufuneka abameli bonyulwe kwisithuba seenyanga ezine emveni kokuqala kweshishini lomqeshi. Umqeshi onabasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-20 neshishini lakhe elisebenze ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezine, akukho mfuneko yokuba onyule abameli. Umzekelo, kwimeko apho kuqeshwe abasebenzi basefama bexesha elithile, ukuze loo nto yenze inani labasebenzi lidlule kuma-20 kwithuba elingaphantsi kweenyanga ezine, akuyomfuneko ukuba konyulwe abameli.
Kufuneka abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko bayenze nini imisebenzi yabo?
Yonke imisebenzi ebhekiselele kulonyulo, ukusebenza nokuqeqeshwa kwabameli, kufuneka yenziwe ngeeyure zesiqhelo zomsebenzi.
Bangenza ntoni abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko?
Abameli bangahlola impumelelo yamanyathelo ezempilo nokhuseleko ngophicotho lwezempilo nokhuseleko.
Abameli bangaphawula iingozi ezinokubakho kwindawo yokusebenza baze bazixele kwikomiti yezempilo nokhuseleko okanye kumqeshi.
Abameli kunye nomqeshi bangaphanda izehlo, baphande ngezikhalazo kubasebenzi ezibhekiselele kwimibandela yezempilo nokhuseleko baze banike ingxelo ebhaliweyo.
Abameli banganika inkcazelo kumqeshi okanye kwikomiti yezempilo nokhuseleko ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko kwindawo yokusebenza okanye ukuba oko akuphumeleli banike inkcazelo kumhloli.
Yintoni injongo yeekomiti zezempilo nokhuseleko?
Amalungu ayahlangana ngenjongo yokuqalisa, ukukhuthaza, ukugcina nokuphonononga amanyathelo okuqinisekisa impilo nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi.
Kufuneka zisekwe nini iikomiti zezempilo nokhuseleko?
Kufuneka ebuncinaneni kusekwe ikomiti ibenye xa konyulwe abameli ababini okanye ngaphezulu.
Inamalungu amangaphi ikomiti yezempilo nokhuseleko?
ukuba kusekwe ikomiti enye yendawo yokusebenza, bonke abameli mababe ngamalungu aloo komiti ukuba kusekwe iikomiti ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwindawo yokusebenza, ummeli ngamnye makathi ebuncinanaeni abe lilungu lenye yezo komiti.
Ngoko ke, ilungu ngalinye kufuneka libe lilungu lekomiti. Umqeshi angonyula abanye abantu ukuba bammele kwikomiti kodwa abo bonyulwa akufunekanga babe ngaphezulu kwenani labameli abonyulwe kuloo komiti. Ukuba phofu, umhloli unoluvo lokuba inani leekomiti kwindawo yokusebenza alenelanga, kufuneka amisele ukusekwa kwezinye iikomiti.
Bahlangana kangaphi abameli bezempilo nokhuseleko?
Bahlangana nanini xa kufuneka, kodwa ebuncinaneni kanye emva kweenyanga ezintathu. Indawo nexesha zimiswa yikomiti. Phofu ke, ukuba i-10 lepesenti okanye ngaphezulu labasebenzi licela intlanganiso kumhloli, umhloli angayalela ukuba intlanganiso enjalo iqhutywe kwindawo nangexesha elimiswe nguye.
Ngubani omisa inkqubo emayilandelwe entlanganisweni?
Amalungu ekomiti onyula usihlalo aze amisele ixesha lakhe esesikhundleni, iinkqubo zentlanganiso njalo njalo.
Iikomiti zezempilo nokhuseleko ingaba zingazifuna iingcebiso kwiingcali?
Ewe, iikomiti zingabafaka abantu njengamalungu acebisayo ngenxa yolwazi nobungcali kwimiba yezempilo nokhuseleko. Phofu ke, ilungu elicebisayo alinalungelo lakuvota.
Zenza ntoni iikomiti zezempilo nokhuseleko?
Iikomiti zijongana nemiba yezempilo nokhuseleko kwindawo yokusebenza kuphela okanye kumacandelo asekelwe ezo komiti.
Ikomiti mayinike iingcebiso kumqeshi ngempilo nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Apho ezi ngcebiso zingakhokeleli ekusombululeni umbandela, ikomiti ingazinika umhloli ezo ngcebiso.
Ikomiti mayixoxe nangasiphi isehlo esikhokelela kukwenzakala, ingozi, ukubhubha komsebenzi nawphi na kwaye bangamnika ingxelo ebhaliweyo umhloli ngeso sehlo.
Ikomiti kufuneka igcine ingxelo yayo yonke ingcebiso enikwe umqeshi kwanengxelo enikwe umhloli.
Amalungu ekomiti kufuneka enze nayiphi eminye imisebenzi ekufuneka eyenzile ngokommiselo.
Umqeshi akanakuphungula umvuzo womsebenzi ngokubhekiselele kwinto ekufuneka eyenzile ehambiselana nempilo nokhuseleko ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho.
Ukuba ugqirha uxilonga kanye unyanga umntu isifo akrokrela ukuba usifumene engqeshweni, ugqirha kufuneka ayixele loo meko kumqeshi womsebenzi nakuMhloli oyiNtloko.
Abaqeshi nabasebenzi kufuneka bathobele izikhokelo, iisamani, izicelo nemiyalelo yabahloli. Kwakhona, akufunekanga kubekho umntu onqanda abanye ukuba bangathobeli.
Kufuneka imibuzo yomhloli iphendulwe kodwa akukho mntu onyanzelekileyo ukuba aphendule umbuzo anokuthi ngawo kanti uyazimangalela. Ukuzimangalela kuthetha ukuba uzibeka ityala lokwaphula umthetho.
Xa umhloli efuna , kufuneka anikwe olo ncedo alufunayo ukuze aqhube uphando. Umhloli usenokucela ukuba kuziwe kuphando. Akukho mntu unokuthuka umhloli okanye aluphazamise ngabom uphando.
akakhange anike imvume yakhe uwathathe onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukunqanda oko umsebenzi akakhange asebenze ngokobuchule bakhe, ngamanye amazwi umsebenzi wenze into ayaziyo ukuba ebengamele kuyenza.
Oku kungasentla kuyasebenza nakogunyaziswe ngumqeshi, umzekelo, kumenzi womsebenzi, ngaphandle kokuba amaqela avumelene kwangaphambili ngokubhala phantsi ukuba lowo ugunyazisiweyo uya kuwathobela njani na amagatya oMthetho.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_INkqubo yeNtengiso yeMfuyo.txt</fn>
Yenza isigqibo sokuba zeziphi izilwanyana oza kuzithengisa kwaye ngoba kutheni.
Iimpawu zokuhlela zimiselwa ngokweminyaka, ukutyeba, ukwakhiwa, umonakalo nesini.
Iarhente yorhwebo ingakunceda ukuba uzihlele izilwanyana.
Amafama kufuneka ukuba enze amaqela entsebenziswano okanye empahla yorhwebo ukwenyusa inani lesitokhwe kunye neendleko zokuthutha ezisezantsi.
Kuyakufuneka uqonde ubunzima besilwanyana phambi kwentengiso.
Nika ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nobulunga kunye nohlelo, isimo sokumitha, ubunzima, kwaye, okubalulekileyo, ixabiso eligciniweyo lemfuyo yakho.
Yenza ubekelo lwentengiso yemfuyo yakho ngomhla owonyuliweyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba yonke imfuyo yakho ineempawu ezisemthethweni zokuzazisa.
Yenza ulungiselelo lothutho.
Fumana isiqinisekiso sokuhambisa kwiYunithi yokweBiwa kweMfuyo yasekuhlaleni.
Ngaphandle kwala maxwebhu ungohlwaywa okanye imfuyo yakho ithathwe.
Qaphela ukuba imfuyo iseyeyakho kwaye iyimfanelo yakho.
Intengiso igqitywa xa uthe "ithengisiwe".
Yenza ingxelo yokukhulula kwaye uqinisekise ukuba zonke iinkcukacha zichanekile.
Indlela engathi ikhuselekile kukuba imali yakho mayifakwe kwi-akhawunti yakho yebhanki.
Umthengi ufuna uxwebhu lokugunyazisa elifunyanwa kwiYunithi yokweBiwa kweMfuyo yasekuhlaleni ukuhambisa imfuyo.
Isoloko iluluvo oluhle ukuya kwintengiso phambi kokuba uthumele imfuyo yakho ixesha lokuqala. Okanye uhambe nomntu oke wayenza ngaphambili.
Bazi ubunzima obuchanekileyo besilwanyana phambi kwentengiso.
Isikhundla sophawu olusemthethweni lokwazisa. Umvambo wenziwa kwindlebe esekhohlo okanye ekunene. Uphawu olulolwakho lwenziwa kumlenze ongasemva nasegxalabeni.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_INtengiso yeMfuyo.txt</fn>
Iintengiso zemfuyo ngawona majelo abaluleke kakhulu ekurhwebeni ngemfuyo.
Iintengiso zemfuyo zihlanganisa abathengi nabathengisi kumaxa amaninzi kunye nakwizicwangciso qhinga ezithile.
Intengiso yezilwanyana yenziwa ngokweempuphu.
Iinkampani zentengiso yemfuyo zinika iikhalenda enolwazi olufana nemihla kunye neendawo. Iikhalenda ziyafumaneka kwiintlanti zentengiso yemfuyo.
Imivalo iyakuthintela izilwanyana ukuba zitsibele ngaphandle kwaye iya kuvumela umoya opholileyo.
Kulumkele ukugcwalisa kakhulu.
Sigcine isithuthi sicocekile ngokwezempilo.
Sigcine kwisithuthi isiqinisekiso sokuhanjiswa kwezilwanyana. Oku kunokufumaneka kwisikhululo sakho samapolisa sasekuhlaleni.
Ukunciphisa iindleko zokuthutha, hlanganisa nabanye abavelisi bemfuyo ukuze nirhwebe ngemfuyo yenu.
Ukuba ngaba ukubonelela kungaphezulu kunokufuna, amaxabiso ayenyuka.
Ulwazi ngemihla kunye neendawo zentengiso yemfuyo zifumaneka kwikhalenda kwiintlanti zokuthengisa...
UMmandla: eMpuma Koloni kuphela.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IPHULO ELILINGWAYO LETISSA.txt</fn>
I-TISSA sisishunqulelo sesiNgesi esimele " INkonzo yoMzantsi Afrika yokuTolika eFowunini". Le nkonzo iya kwenza abemi boMzantsi Afrika bakwazi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente ngeelwimi zabo. Itoliki, iya kuthi ngokusebenzisa ifowuni incothule imiqobo exabe endleleni yonxibelelwano.
I-TISSA iqalwe yiNkonzo kaZwelonke yeeLwimi, elisetyana leSebe lezobuGcisa, iNkcubeko, iNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe. Ikhabhinethi yalivuma ilinge leTISSA ngowe-1998.
Umzekelo nanku; Ukuba wena nogqirha wakho, anivani ngeelwimi, wena okanye ugqirha wakho ningatsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla eya kukudibanisa neziko lomnxeba (eliza kube lisePitoli).
Kwiziko lomnxeba, igosa loqhakamshelwano ngomnxeba liza kukudibanisa netoliki ekwaziyo ukuthetha ulwimi lwakho nolwimi lukagqirha.
Ugqirha kufuneka abe nomnxeba onomatshini wokuthetha okanye iminxeba emibini efakwe kwisokethi enye, ukuze wena nogqirha nikwazi ukuphulaphula itoliki.
Ugqirha uza kuthetha netoliki, ukuze yona ikutolikele umyalezo.
Ke wena uza kuphendula, ukuze yona itoliki itolikele ugqirha oko ukuthethileyo.
ITISSA izilungiselele zolishumi elinanye iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni, uLwimi lweMiqondiso.
Kujoliswe kweziphi iindawo?
I-Tissa eMzantsi Afrika iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwamalungelo olwimi namalungelo oluntu ngokunjalo.
Iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukusetyenziswa kwazo zonke iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni.
Umba wokunqaba kwemisebenzi uya kuvelelwa kuba kaloku abantu abakwisithuba sama-40 abafanelekileyo abangasebenziyo baza kufunwa, bakhethwe baze baqeqeshwe njengeetoliki zomnxeba.
Inkonzo elilinge iya kuqhuba kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo ezibalulekileyo kwiinginqi zasemaphandleni nezasedolophini eMzantsi Afrika.
Inkonzo yolingo ye-TISSA iya kuba yinkonzo eyodwa ngenene, kuba iya kube iyinkonzo yokuqala elolu hlobo e-Afrika!
Ukuba eli linge emva kweenyanga ezisi-8 liye labonisa impumelelo, iya kuqhutywa le nkonzo kwaye yandiswe ibandakanye nezinye iilwimi, iya kufumaneka iiyure ezingama-24 ngemini, iintsuku ezisixhenxe zeveki kwaye iya kufumaneka nakowuphi na umnxeba apha elizweni!
Ulwazi olufunyenwe kule nkonzo yolingo luyakwazisa ukuba ingaba inkonzo epheleleyo kungenziwa izincomo ngayo na kwikhabhinethi ekuqaleni ku-2003.
Olu xwebhu luyafumaneka nangezinye iilwimi ezili-10 zaseburhulumenteni.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IRIPHABLIKI YOMZANTSI AFRIKA (2003).txt</fn>
Njengangoko iphakanyisiwe kwiNdlu yeNdibano yeSizwe njengecandelo 76-umThetho oyiLwayo; sisishwankathelo somThetho oyilwayo ochazayo esipapashwe kwiGazethi kaRhulumente eyinomboloyowe...
Ukuzinzisa iBhunga leThutyana lamaGqirha oMzantsi Afrika; Ukubonelela ngobume bommiselo ukuqinisekisa amandla, ukukhuseleka nobulunga beenkonzo zokukhathalela ingulo; ukubonelela ngempatho nolawulo ngaphezu kobhaliso, uqeqesho nokhokelo lwamagqirha, abakhwetha neentlobo ezizodwa kumsebenzi wobugqirha; kwakhona nokubonelela ngokulungiselela izinto ezidibanisa nazo.
ukhokelo olungekho sikweni luthetha nasiphina isenzo okanye ukungenzi okungafanelekanga okanye okulihlazo okanye okungafanelekanga okanye okungafanelakanga kobugqirha.
c sebenzela nokukhusela imidla yamalungu oluntu asebenzisa iinkonzo zamagqirha.
Umntu ongumqondisi-mthetho unokwaziwa njengeBhunga leThutyana lamaGqirha oMzantsi Afrika ngenxa yoko kuzinziswa.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi funeka abize intlanganiso yokuqala yeBhunga zingekabethi iinyanga ezintathu zokuqalisa lo mThetho.
Ixesha elimisiweyo le-ofisi elungiselelwe iBhunga yiminyaka emithathu, kodwa umPhathiswa angalandisa elo xesha limisiweyo le-ofisi yeBhunga ukulungiselela ixesha elongeziweyo elingenakudlula kwiinyanga ezingama-24, ukwenzela ukuqhubekekisa ukuzalisekiswa okanye ukuphuhliswa iimbuyekezo kulo mThetho.
h qinisekisa ukuba ubugqirha buvumelana nokhathalelo lwempilo olwamkelweyo jikelele ngezithethe namancedo.
j nyula isitafu esinjalo njengoko iBhunga licingela ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuncedisa iBhunga ekwenzeni imisebenzi yalo; kwaye k ngokubanzi yenza zonke ezo zinto njengoko kuyimfuneko khon'ukuze iBhunga libe nakho ukwenza imisebenzi yalo ngokwecandelo lalo mThetho.
c cebisa umPhathiswa kuyo nayiphina into egaxeleka ngaphakathi kwithuba lalo mThetho ibandakanya iimfuno zempilo yabantu baseMzantsi Afrika, uqeqesho lwamagqirha, nakwizinto zedemokrasi, utyhileko, ubulungisa.
l fumana intlawulo echaziweyo yokurhuma kulo naliphina igqirha elibhalisiweyo; kwaye m kwiimeko ezinjalo njengoko zinokuchazwa, misa okanye urhoxisa nokuphina ubhaliso lwegqirha.
h abathathu fanele ukuba ngabameli basekuhlaleni; kwaye i omnye fanele ukuba abe ngummeli ovela kudidi ngalunye lwamagqirha achaziweyo kulo mThetho.
j UmPhathiswa, kumdla woluntu okanye kumhlaba wokungaziphathi kakuhle, ukungabinangqondo okanye ukungazi nto uyabunqumamisa ubulungu; okanye k ixesha elalonyulwe ngalo ilungu liphelelwe yaye ukonyulwa ngokutsha akuvuselelwanga ngumPhathiswa.
Ukuba ilungu leBhunga liyasweleka okanye lishiya i-ofisi yalo ngaphambi kokuphelelwa kwexesha le-ofisi, umPhathiswa fanele onyule omnye umntu ukuzalisa isithuba.
d ukhe wanyangwa njengomntu okhe wagula ngengqondo okanye usebenze ngoko khathalelo ngempilo yengqondo njengoko kuchaziwe kwicandelo 1 lomThetho woKhathelelo weMpilo ngeNgqondo umThetho No.
i ilungu leNdlu yeNdibano yeSizwe, nawuphina umbutho weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yephondo okanye naliphina ibhunga likamasipalathi; okanye ii igosa elinesikhundla okanye umsebenzi walo naliphina iqela, umbutho okanye umbutho onendalo yepolitiki.
UmGcini-sihlalo nosekela mgcini-sihlalo babamba i-ofisi ixesha elimisiweyo le-ofisi apho bebenyulwe khona ngumPhathiswa kwiBhunga.
Xa ngaba umgcini-sihlalo weBhunga akakho okanye ukuba umgcini-sihlalo kuso nasiphina isizathu akanakho ukusebenza njengomgcini- sihlalo, isekela mgcini-sihlalo wenza imisebenzi yomgcini-sihlalo.
Ukuba bobabini umgcini-sihlalo nosekela mgcini-sihlalo abekho kuyo nayiphina intlanganiso, amalungu akhoyo fanele onyule omnye wabo kwinani abalilo ongamele kuloo ntlanganiso kwaye, de umgcini-sihlalo nosekela mgcini-sihlalo baqalise umsebenzi wabo, ukwenza yonke imisebenzi yobumgcini-sihlalo.
Ukuba i-ofisi yomgcini-sihlalo iba sisithuba esize, umPhathiswa fanele onyule apha phakathi kwamalungu eBhunga, okanye nawuphina omnye umntu ngokwecandelo 7a kwaye umntu owonyuliweyo ubamba i-ofisi isahlulo sexesha elingapheliyo sexesha apho umanduleli wakhe ebonyuliwe.
Ukuba i-ofisi kasekela mgcini-sihlalo iba sisithuba esize, amalungu eBhunga fanele kwintlanganiso yokuqala emva koko okanye ngokukhawuleza okulungeleyo, onyule phakathi kwinani labo usekela mgcini-sihlalo omtsha kwaye elo lungu libamba i-ofisi isahlulo sexesha elingapheliyo sexesha apho umanduleli wakhe ebonyuliwe.
Ukuba umgcini-sihlalo nosekela mgcini-sihlalo bashiya ii-ofisi zabo ngaphandle kokuphelisa ubulungu babo eBhungeni, umPhathiswa fanele onyule umgcini-sihlalo omtsha phakathi kwamalungu eBhunga ngokwecandelo 7a.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista fanele ngokuxhumana nomgcini-sihlalo, abize iintlanganiso zeBhunga.
IBhunga fanele lihlangane hayi ngaphantsi kwesibini ngonyaka ukwenza umsebenzi walo kwakhona ukongeza apho libambe iintlanganiso ezinjalo njengoko zinokuchazwa.
b ingabizwa ngumgcini-sihlalo kuloo ndawo ngaloo mhla njengoko enokuwuchaza ngentsuku nje ezingama-30 zokuba efumene isicelo esibhaliweyo kumPhathiswa okanye isicelo esibhaliweyo saza sayinwa ngamalungu amathandathu ubuncinane: Ngaphandleni okokuba eso sicelo sibhaliweyo fanele sicacise ngokuthe gca injongo intlanganiso ebizelwa yona.
Ikhoramu yayo nayiphina intlanganiso yeBhunga ngabantu abayi-12.
Isekelwe kwicandelwana 6 ukuba ilungu ngalinye linevoti enye kuphela embuzweni phambi kweBhunga.
Nasiphina isigqibo seBhunga fanele sithathwe sisininzi sevoti entlanganisweni yeBhunga apho ikhoramu ikhoyo.
Nangona nayiphina into iphikisana kulo mThetho, uninzi lwamalungu eBhunga okanye lwazo naziphina iikomiti, sisiqingatha kwisinye senani xa lilonke lamalungu akhoyo kudibene nesinye.
Ngamalungu kuphela eBhunga anamalungelo okuvota.
Isigqibo esithatyathwe luninzi lwamalungu eBhunga akhoyo kuyo nayiphina intlanganiso yenza isigqibo seBhunga: Ngaphandleni okokuba kwisiganeko seevoti ezibulunga, ilungu elongameleyo liqale livote ekongezeni kwivoti enengxoxo.
a isithuba sethutyana eBhungeni; okanye b into yokuba umntu ongabizwanga ukuba ahlale njengelungu leBhunga, ahlale njengelungu ngexesha isigqibo besithathwa okanye isenzo sasigunyaziswa luninzi lwamalungu olukhoyo ngelo xesha yaye benelungelo lokuhlala njengamalungu.
Amalungu amathathu ekomiti yesigqeba, acingwa kumhlathi c wecandelwana 1 fanele onyulwe ngamalungu eBhunga.
Isekelwe kwicandelwana , iBhunga lingazinzisa ezinye iikomiti ezinjalo, kubandakanywa iikomiti zoqeqesho, njengoko zithathelwe ingqalelo eyimfuneko, ezinenai elinjalo labantu njengoko iBhunga lingachazayo libandakanya ilungu elinye ubuncinane leBhunga elifanele ukuba ngumgcini-sihlalo walo komiti.
Ngokusekelwe kwicandelwana 3, iBhunga lingathumela kuyo nayiphi ikomiti ecingwa necandelwana 1, okanye kulo naliphi ilungu lalo komiti elinaloo mandla, njengoko lobe lichaziwe, kodwa iBhunga aliguzulwa nawo nawaphina amandla athunyelweyo.
b hayi ngaphezulu kwamagqirha amabini abhalisiweyo; kwaye c ilungu leBhunga elonyulwe phantsi kwecandelo 7h.
Ikomiti yoqeqesho yokubhena ecingwa kwicandelwana 3 linawo amandla okutshintsha, okuqinisekisa okanye okubekela bucala ikomiti yoqeqesho efunyenweyo ezinziswe phantsi kwecandelwana 1 okanye ukubhekisela into ngasemva kwikomiti yoqeqesho efanelekileyo ngaloo miyalelo njengoko unokucingela ukuba ilungile.
Isigqibo yikomiti yoqeqesho, ngaphandle kokuba ubhena ngokuchaseneyo, sinyanzelekile yaye siyasebenza ukusukela kumhla ochazwe yikomiti.
Apho into ibithathelwe ingqalelo yikomiti yoqeqesho yokubhena, isigqibo sekomiti yoqeqesho yokubhena, ngaphandle okokuba ubhena ngokuchasene nenkundla yomthetho kwaye sinyanzelekile kwayw siyasebenza ukusukela mhla yachazwa yikomiti.
Amalungu eBhunga kunye namalungu eekomiti zeBhunga fanele abhatalwe umvuzo nezibonelelo ezichazwe ngumPhathiswa, ngokunxibelelana nomPhathiswa wezeMali.
c izohlayo ezicingwa kwicandelo 33; kwakunye d nayiphina imirhumo ecingwayo kulo mThetho.
IBhunga fanele lisebenzise iimali zalo ukuhlawula iindleko ezenzelwa amatyala liBhunga nayi-ofisi yomntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ekwenzeni imisebenzi yabo.
IBhunga fanele ngesivumelwano nomPhathiswa nomPhathiswa wezeMali bavule i-akhawunti neziko elibhaliswe njengebhanki ngokomThetho weeBhanki ka-1990 UmThetho No. 94 ka-1990, badiphozithe kuyo yonke imali abayifumene phantsi kwelicandelwano 1.
IBhunga lingatyala nayiphina imali ediphozithwe phantsi kwelicandelwana 3, mali leyo engafunekiyo ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza, neziko elo livunyiweyo ngemvume yomPhathiswa kwakunye nomPhathiswa wezeMali.
Nayiphina intsalela ethi ekuvaleni konyaka mali weBhunga lime ekunconyweni liBhunga fanele lisiwe ngaphambili kunyaka mali olandelayo njengesincomo kwi-akawunti yeBhunga.
IBhunga lingazinzisa lisebenzise imali egciniweyo kwaye lidiphozithe apho kuyo izambuku esinjalo njengoko zicingwa ngokuyimfuneko okanye ngokuncedayo.
b angamgxotha loo mntu.
Ukonyulwa komntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista kuxhomekeke kwisigqibo sesivumelwano sokusebenza esibhaliweyo esingeniswe ngaphakathi ngumPhathiswa nanguloo mntu.
v apho afanele abeke inqaku elichasene negama legqirha elibhalisiweyo elisamisiweyo ebugqirheni emva kokuba lazisiwe igqirha ngokokubhala.
a Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista mhlawumbi ngokubhala nangokwaloo meko njengoko kuchaziwe, kwathunyelwa okanye abelwe nawaphina amandla okanye umsebenzi kulo naliphina ilungu lesitafu, ngaphandle okokuba umPhathiswa uthintela ulwabelo olulodwa okanye umsebenzi.
c Ulwabelo okanye umsebenzi owenziwe phantsi komhlathi a ungarhoxiswa, kodwa urhoxiso olunjalo aluchaphazeli naliphina ilungelo elinokongezeleleka emntwini ngenxa yomsebenzi owenziweyo ngaphambi kokuba kurhoxiswe ulwabelo okanye umsebenzi.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimiyalelo ebhaliweyo yeBhunga, umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista angonyula amalungu esitafu anjalo njengoko eyimfuneko ukwenza umsebenzi ophuma okanye onxulumene nemisebenzi yeBhunga.
Amaxesha amisiweyo kunye neemeko zenkonzo yesitafu somntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista zichazwa liBhunga zivunywe ngumPhathiswa, ngokunxibelelana nomPhathiswa wezeMali.
IBhunga ngemvume yomPhathiswa ngokunxibelelana nomPhathiswa wezeMali, lingazinzisa, lilawule liphathe nayiphina imali yomhlala-phantsi ukulungiselela ukunceda isitafu somntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista.
Akukho mntu onokusebenza njengegqirha ngaphakathi kwiRiphabliki ngaphandleni okokuba ubhalisile ngokwalo mThetho.
a Nawuphina umntu onqwenela ukubhalisa njengegqirha okanye umkhwetha makenze isicelo kumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista.
umrhumo wokubhalisa ochaziweyo; kwakunye v naluphina ulwazi olungaphaya olunxulumene kumenzi sicelo ukuba iBhunga lingaluqwalasela ngokuyimfuneko.
Ukuba umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista wanelisekile ukuba ulwazi noxwebhu olungenisiweyo ukuxhasa isicelo sokubhalisa luhlangabezana neemfuno zalo mThetho kwaye ngaphezulu ekufumaneni umrhumo wokubhalisa ochaziweyo, umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista fanele akhuphe isiqinisekiso sokubhalisa esigunyazisa umenzi sicelo ukuba asebenze njengegqirha kwiRiphabliki.
Ukuba umntu ogcina iincwadi akonelisekanga kukuba ulwazi noxwebhu olungenisiweyo ukuxhasa umenzi sicelo sokubhalisa sihlangabezana neemfuno zalo mThetho, usenokwala ukukhupha isiqinisekiso sokubhalisa kumenzi sicelo, kodwa fanele ukuba sifunywa ngumenzi sicelo, angenise isicelo eBhungeni ukulungiselela isigqibo.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista faneleabhalise kuphela igqirha ukuba umntu ogcina iincwadi wanelisekile kukuba umntu owenza isicelo sokubhalisa ufanelekile ukuba abeligqirha okanye ukuba iBhunga laneliseke gqitha.
b umntu nokuba ngubani oshenxisiweyo lwenziwe, fanele achazelwe ukwenzela ngendlela ecingwa licandelo 232; kwaye c nasiphina isiqinisekiso ngokuhlonipha ubhaliso olunjalo sicingwa ukuba fanele sirhoxisiwe ukusukela mhla apho isaziso saye sanikezelwa.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista fanele acime igama legqirha elibhalisiweyo kwirejista okanye luphawule igama kwirejista lawo nawuphina umntu omisiweyo ekuziqheliseni yaye fanele aziswe umntu onjalo ngokubhalelwa ngokunjalo.
UmPhathiswa kwisincomo seBhunga angachaza ubuncinane kwiziqinisekiso emazizuzwe ngokulungisa iimviwo ezikhokelwa liziko elamkelweyo, amagunya emfundo okanye amanye amagunya eemviwo kwiRiphabliki.
Nasiphina isiqinisekiso esifunyenwe phantsi kwecandelwana 1, ngokunokwaso okanye ngokudityaniswa naso nasiphina esinye isiqinisekisoesibizwa njengomniniso ukubhalisa ngokwalo mThetho ukuba ngaphambili okanye ngokunxulumene ne- okanye emva kokufumana isiqinisekiso esokhoyo uvumelene neemeko ezichaziweyo okanye iimfuno.
k obhaliso lwakhe luvunyiweyo ngolwaneliseko leBhunga ukuba lwenziwa ngempazamo okanye ngokumelwa ngobumenemene okanye ngemfihleko yezinto eziyinyani okanye ulwazi kwiimeko ezingagunyaziswanga ngulo mThetho; okanye l onobuhlungu bokugula ngengqondo.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista makanikeze isaziso sokushenxisa igama lomntu kwirejista ngwecandelwana 1b ukuya nokubandakanya umhlathi l ngedilesi yeposi ebhaliswe kuloo mntu kwidilesi yaloo mntu njengoko ivela kwirejista.
a nasiphina isiqinisekiso sobhaliso esakhutshelwa ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho sikhutshelwa umntu ekunxulunyenwe naye sicingelwa ukuba sirhoxisiwe; kwaye b umntu ogama lakhe lishenxisiweyo kwirejista fanele ayeke ukuziqhelisa njengegqirha kwaye avalelwe ekwenzeni nasiphi isenzo kwisikhundla sakhe njengomntu obhalisiweyo, abizelwe ukuba asenze, de kube lelolixa njengoko igama lakhe libuyiselwe kwirejista.
c ivumelana nezinye iimfuno ezinjalo njengokuba iBhunga kumaxesha ngamaxesha lingamisela; kwaye d ngenye indlela lifanelekile ukubhaliswa.
b anikeze ngengxelo efungelweyo apho aqinisekisa ukuba isiqinisekiso sokubhalisa silahlekile okanye sitshabalele; kwaye c ahlawula umrhumo ochaziweyo omiswe liBhunga.
b ingxelo kwisiphumo ukuba umntu otshiweyo akayekiswanga ekuziqheliseni umsebenzi wakhe; kwaye c ukuba akukho manyathelo oqeqesho axhomekekileyo ngokuchaseneyo ngokwalo mThetho.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista angakhupha isicatshulwa esiqiniselayo kwirejista okanye isiqinisekiso esicingwa kwicandelwana 2 phantsi kwesandla sakhe kuye nawuphina umntungentlawulo yomrhumo ochaziweyo.
Isiqinisekiso singakhutshwa ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko ezithile ezinyakathiswa liBhunga neemeko ezinjalo fanele zibonakaliswe kwisiqinisekiso.
IIrejista mazigcinwe e-ofisini yomntu ogcina incwadi zerejista, kwaye iBhunga ngekhefu elimiswe lilo lingabangela ushicilelo nokupapashwa kweekopi zeerejista okanye izintlu ezongeziweyo ezibonisa udibaniso, ushenxiso, imbuyekezo, okanye iziphumo eziphengululweyo ukusukela kupapasho lokugqibela lweekopi ezinjalo lweerejista ezigqityiweyo.
Ikopi yomcimbi osandula kupapashwa yerejista okanye naluphina uluhlu olongezwayo olucingwa kwicandelo 25 noluqinisekisiweyo ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejistaolusisiqinisekiso soluvo lokuqala kuzo zonke iinkqubo zomthetho, kwizinto ezikhoyo ezirekhodishiweyo nokungabikho kwegama lakhe nawuphina umntu kwikopi enjalo bubungqina, ngaphandle okokuba kukho ubungqina obuthembekileyo kwisiphikiso, ukuba umntu onjalo akabhaliswanga ngokwalo mThetho.
Ngokweenjongo zecandelwana 1, isicatshulwa esingqinelayo okanye isiqinisekiso esicingwa kwicandelo 243 nokunyamezela umhla olandela umhla werejista okanye uluhlu olongeziweyo olucingwa kwicandelwana 1, "bubungqina obuthembekileyo kwisiphikisi".
Ukuba umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ukhupha isiqinisekiso esinomhla ongasemva kunomhla werejista okanye woluhlu olongeziweyo olucingwa kwicandelwana 1, kwisiphumo sokuba igama legqirha lishenxisiwe kwirejista ukusukela ngomhla wesiqinisekiso okanye woluhlu olongeziweyo kwaye aluphindanga lwabuyiselwa apho, esa siqinisekiso bubungqina, xa ngaba ubungqina obuthembekileyo abukho kwisiphikisi, ukuba umntu onjalo akabhalisanga ngokwamalunguselelo alo mThetho.
Isiqinisekiso sokubhalisa bubungqina bokubhalisa ixesha elingangonyaka emva komhla walo kuphela kwaye emva koko isiqinisekiso sonyaka sokuziqhelisa sikhutshwa ngentlawulo echaziweyo yomrhumo wonyaka kwaye phezu koko ungeniso lolwazi olunjalo njengoko lunokufunwa liBhunga ukusinceda ekugcineni ingqokelela yamanani yobutyebi boluntu luchanekile kwindawo yempilo ebubungqina bokubhalisa xa ubungqina obuthembekileyo bungekho kwisiphikisi.
Nawuphina umntu ohlungisiweyo sisigqibo somntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista angagqithisa isibheno kwiBhunga kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ukusukela kumhla wesigqibo.
Nawuphina umntu ohlungisiweyo sisigqibo seBhunga angabhena kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo efanelekileyo achasane nesigqibo esinjalo.
b uhlobo nobude bemfundo eqhubekekayo kwakunye noqeqesho oluza kwenziwa ngabantu ababhalisileyo ngokwalo mThetho; kwaye c inqobo yokugweba kunakano libhunga lemfundo eqhubekekayo noqeqesho loludwe lezifundo zoqeqesho kwakunye namaziko emfundo anikeza ngoludwe lwezifundo ezinjalo.
Nangona nayiphina into ekwisiphikisi kulo mThetho, iBhunga lingamisa uphando kuzo naziphina izikhalazo, iintetho ezingenabungqina okanye isimangalo sokungaziphathi kakuhle ngokuchasene naye nawuphi umntu obhalisileyo ngokwalo mThetho kwaye ekufumaniseni lumntu onjalo enetyala lokuziphatha okunjalo, ukunyakathisa nasiphina isohlwayo esicingwa kwicandelo 33: Ngaphandle okokuba kwisehlo sesikhalazo, isimangalo okanye izinto eziphandwayo ezenza okanye sifanele senze intloko yetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho enkundleni yomthetho, iBhunga lingakumisela elinye ixesha ubanjo lophengululo de ityala elinjalo libe nokugqitywa.
Ukuba iBhunga lisekuthandabuzeni njengokuba naluphina uphando fanele lubanjwe ngokunxulumene nesikhalazo, isimangalo okanye izinto eziphandwayo, mhlawumbi ngokunxulumene nesigwebo, ityala okanye isikhalazo esiphethweyo, unxibelelwano no- okanye ukufuna olunye ulwazi olungaphaya kuye nakowuphina umntu, kubandakanya umntu ochasene naye nabanina izinto eziphandwayo, isimangalo okanye isikhalazo zimisela kuye.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista, ngemvume yomgcini-sihlalo weBhunga , angonyula ilungu leBhunga njenge gosa eliphandayo ngeenjongo zelicandelo.
Nangona icandelwana 1, umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ngemvume yomgcini-sihlalo weBhunga nakwiimeko ezinjalo njengoko iBhunga linokuchaza, angonyula nawuphina umntu ngaphandle kwelungu leBhunga kwaye ongaqeshwa ngokupheleleyo emsebenzini waseBhungeni, aqeshwe njengegosa eliphengululayo kuphengululo oluthile, okanye ancedise igosa eliphengululayo elicingwa kwicandelo 1 ngophengululo oluthile.
Umntu owonyuliweyo ngokwecandelwana 2 unamandla kwakunye nemisebenzi efanayo ngokuphathelelene nophengululo, njengegosa eliphengululayo elicingwa kwicandelwana 1.
a Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista fanele akhuphele emntwini owonyuliweyo ngaphantsi kwecandelwana 1 okanye 2, njengoko kunokuba njalo, isiqinisekiso kwisiphumo sokuba wonyulwe, kwaye, kwimeko yokuba umntu wonyuliwe ukuba , okanyeukuba ancedise ngophengululo oluthile, yinto yokuba wonyulelwe uphengululo olunjalo.
b Umntu owonyuliweyo fanele xa abizwayo avelise isiqinisekiso esinjalo.
d kwimicimbi okanye kwindlela yokuziphatha komntu obhalisileyo, ukuba umntu ufayilisha isikhalazo nomntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista, zixhaswa yingxelo efungelweyo ephuhlisa ngokuphandle iintetho ezingenabungqina sesikhalazo esinjalo.
i ukuba ilungelo lokungena endlwini nokuyiphanda liza kukhutshelwa kuye, ukuba igosa eliphengululayo bekufanele ukuba lenze isicelo selungelo lokungena endlwini liyiphande; kwaye ii ulibaziseko ekufumaneni ilungelo lokungena endlwini nokuyiphanda lungayoyisa injongo yongeniso.
Ungeniso nogocagoco ngaphantsi kwelicandelo fanele lwenziwe emini, ngaphandle okokuba ukwenziwa oko ngobusuku kunesizathu kwaye kuyimfuneko.
Igosa eliphengululayo fanele lichonge ngokwalo kumntu oxhalabileyo.
b cela nakuwuphina umntu onayo okanye orhanelekayo ngezizathu ezifanelekileyo zokuba nazo kuye okanye, kugcino okanye phantsi kolawulo lwakhe nayiphina incwadi, uxwebhu okanye into enxulumana kumbandela ophengululwayo, ukuba azivelise ngokukhawuleza okanye kwixesha nendawo emiselwe ligosa eliphengululayo, ukulungiselela ukuphononongwa kwencwadi, uxwebhu okanye into enjalo, okanye ukwenza izicatshulwa okanye iikopi kwincwadi okanye koloxwebhu, kwaye angacela loo mntu ukuba axhobise ngeengcaciso njengoko zingafunwa malunga nalo noluphina ungeniso kuloo ncwadi okanye olo xwebhu.
a alondoloze ukugcina imfihlelo malunga nezo zinto zenzekileyo asaziqaphelayo ekwenzeni imisebenzi yakhe; kwaye b angaxeli nayiphi into eyenziwayo enjalo kuye nabani na umntu ngaphandle komntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista, umgcini-sihlalo, iBhunga, okanye umTshutshisi woluNtu onxulumeneyo kwindima yetyala ngokwalo okanye nawuphina omnye umThetho, okanye ngomyalelo wenkundla.
Nangona icandelwana 5, akukho zinkcukacha zamntu ngokuphathelelene nomguli zingaxelwa kuye nabani na umntu ngaphandle okokuba kungokomyalelo wenkundla okanye kungemvume yegosa elichopheleyo ngexa lophando olucingwe ngokwalo mThetho.
Umyalelo wenkundla ocingiweyo kwicandelwana 6 fanele wenziwe ngokungathi ibisisigwebo kwityala lembambano kwinkundla kamantyi.
kwimeko yokwaphula umthetho ecingwa kumhlathi d, kwisohlwayo okanye ukugwetyelwa entolongweni ixesha elingadlulanga kwiminyaka emibini okanye zizombini isohlwayo nokugwetyelwa entolongweni okunjalo.
Eli candela alinqandi naliphina elinye igunya nelithi ngenye indlela ligunyaziswe ekumiselweni kophengululo kulo naluphina olwaphulo oluthathwa njalo, okanye ukungakwazi ukusebenzisana nawo nawaphina amalungiselelo alo mThetho.
Igosa eliphengululayo elithembekileyo ekuphengululeni ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho, fanele liqulunkqe ingxelo yophengululo lifake loo ngxelo kumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista.
Ukuba ingxelo ecingwa kwicandelwana 1 ibonakalisa ubungqina bokungafanelekanga okanye ukuziphatha okulihlazo okucingwa kulo mThetho kwaye akukho zikhalazo, simangalo okanye ntetho engenabungqina ngokuphathelelene nokuziphatha okunjalo okwenziweyo ngenjongo yophando ngokwecandelo 29, ingxelo enjalo icingwa ukuba sisikhalazo esenziweyo ngenjongo yophando kwaye umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista fanele anike ikopi emva koko kumntu obhalisileyo oxhalabileyo.
Ukuba ingxelo ecingwa kwicandelwana 1 ibonakalisa ubungqina obuthi kuluvo lomgcini-sihlalo weBhunga liyenze inqweneleke, ukuba uphando elubala lubonakalisa ukumiselwa kokuncitshiswa kwamalungelo ommangali, umntu ogcina iincwadi fanele anike ikopi emva koko kumntu obhalisileyo oxhalabileyo.
Ukuba ingxelo ecingwa kwicandelwana 1 ayibonakalisi bungqina bokungakwazi ukuziphatha kakuhle obucingwa kulo mThetho, umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista fanele anike ikopi emva koko kumntu obhalisileyo oxhalabileyo.
Kangangokuba ingxelo ecingwa kwicandelwano 1 iqulethe iingxelo zamangqina abezinokwamkeleka njengobungqina kuphando wokunciphisa amalungelo okanye izikhalazo, izimangalo okanye iintetho ezingenabungqina zokungakwazi ukuziphatha, icandelo 213 lomThetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho ka-1977 UmThetho No.51 ka-1977, usebenza notshintsho olufunekayo ngokuthobela ezongxelo kuphando olunjalo.
a isilumkiso okanye ukhalimelo okanye zombini; okanye b ukusikwa ixeshana elibaluliweyo ukusukela ekuziqhelaniseni okanye ekwenzeni izenzo eziphathelelene nomsebenzi wakhe; okanye c ukushenxiswa kwegama lakhe kwirejista; okanye d isohlwayo esimiselweyo; okanye e ixesha lonyanzelo lenkonzo yebandla elimiswe liBhunga; okanye f intlawulo yendleko zeenkqubo; okanye g ubuyiselo layo nayiphina imali ehlawulweyo ngummangali kwigqirha elibhalisiweyo.
Ukuba isibheno sokumangalela sichasana nesohlwayo sokushenxisa igama legqirha elibhalisileyo kwirejista okanye liyasikwa ekuziqheliseni, isohlwayo esinjalo sihlala sisebenza de isibheno siphulaphulwe.
a upheliso lwalo naluphina usiko ngaphantsi kwecandelwana 1 ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha elichaziweyo; okanye b ngexesha lentlawulo yomrhumo omiselweyo, buysela kwirejista naliphina igama ebelishenxisiwe apho kuyo.
c nika laa mntu ithuba lokuchaza imeko yakhe ekuziphenduleleni kwiintetho ezingenabungqina.
e phonononga nayiphina incwadi, irekhodi, uxwebhu okanye into apho naliphina ingqina kwakufuneka livelisile kwiinkqubo.
b isayinwe ngumgcini-sihlalo weBhunga okanye umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista njengoko kunokuba njalo; kwaye c isebenze nokuba kunjengencwadi ebhalisiweyo ethunyelwe ngeposi okanye ngendlela enye njengokuba ibinokusebenza njengesamani ekhutshwe yinkundla kamantyi.
uyala ukuvelisa nayiphina incwadi, irekhodi, uxwebhu okanye into anayo ebifuneka ngokwesimemo ayivelise, unetyala lokukhubekisa kwaye ekugwetyweni ngokomthetho nakusiphina isigwebo esinokubekwa phezu kwengqina elibizelwe enkundleni ukuba lizokunika ubungqina kwityala lokulingwa kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo kumntu ogwetywe ngokomthetho kwityala elifanayo neli: Ngaphandleni kwento yokokuba wonke umntu omenyiweyo unikwa ilungelo kuwo onke amalungelo apho ingqina libizelwa enkundleni ukunika ubungqina phambi kolwahlulo lwephondo leNkundla ePhakamileyo enikezwe ilungelo.
Umgcini-sihlalo weBhunga angonyula umntu onamava oneleyo kulawulo lobulungisa ukuba abekho njengomncedisi-jaji kuphando acebise iBhunga okanye ikomiti yoqeqesho njengoko kunokuba njalo kwizinto zomthetho, inkqubo okanye ubungqina.
Ukuba umntu obhalisiweyo ngokwalo mThetho kwelicandelo likhangeleka ngathi ngummangalelwa libanga ukuba unetyala lokungakwazi ukuziphatha ngokomsebenzi kwaye iBhunga kwizizathu eziselubala licinga ukuba fanele libeke phezulu isimiso esilungileyo ngumPhathiswa ngokunxibelelana nomPhathiswa wezoBulungisa ngesaziso kwiGazethi ngokugwetywa emva kophando olucingwa ngokwecandelo 29 obelubanjiwe, iBhunga lingakhupha isimemo ngendlela emisiweyo apho ukungqina kwenziweyo liBhunga ukuba ummangalelwa angavuma ukuba unetyala loko kutshiweyo ekuziphatheni kwaye ukuba angasihlawula isohlwayo esixeliweyo ngaphandle kokuvezwa kuphando olutshiweyo.
Apho isimemo sicingwa kwicandelwana 9, sikhutshwa ngokuchaseneyo nommangalelwa ngkwalo mThetho, ummangalelwa ngaphandle kokuvela kuphando ngokwecandelo 29, angavuma etyaleni lakhe malunga nokuziphatha okubhekisela kwicandelwana 1 ngokuhlawula isohlwayo esichaziweyo kwelicandelo libhekiselela njengesivumo sesohlwayo setyala kwiBhunga phambi komhla ochaziweyo kwisimemo.
Nasiphina isohlwayo esibekwa ngaphantsi kwelicandelo ngaphandle kokubandakanya kokuvunywa kwesohlwayo setyala, fanele sihlawulwe liBhunga kwintsuku eziyi -14 emva kokubekwa okunjalo.
Ukubekwa isohlwayo kunesiphumo ekuhlolweni kwetyala lenkundla kamantyi wesithili apho uphando lucingwa kwicandelo 29 olwenzekayo.
UmPhathiswa ngokunconywa liBhunga angalungisa imali exeliweyo kwicandelwana 9 ngesaziso kwiGazethi.
a misela elinye ixesha ukubekwa kwesohlwayo ukulungiselela ixesha elinjalo kwaye kwiimeko ezinjalo njengoko kumisiwe; okanye b beka nasiphi isohlwayo esicingwa kwicandelo 331b, c okanye d, kodwa liyalele ukwenza isohlwayo esinjalo okanye nayiphina indawo yoko emayimiswe ukulungiselela ixesha elinjalo nakwiimeko ezinjalo njengoko zimisiwe.
Ukuba ekupheleni kwexesha apho ukubekwa kwesohlwayo kumiselwe elinye ixesha ngokwecandelwana 1a, iBhunga lanelisekile kukuba igqirha elinxulumeneyo lizibonile zonke iimeko ezifanelekileyo, iBhunga fanele lixelele amagqirha anjalo ukuba isohlwayo esicingwa kwicandelo 33 asisayi kubekwa kuye.
Ukuba ukwenziwa kwesohlwayo okanye nayiphina indawo emiselwe ngokwecandelwana 1b kwaye iBhunga lanelisekile kukuba igqirha elinxulumeneyo lizibonile zonke iimeko ezifanelekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha lokumiselwa elinye ixesha , iBhunga fanele lixelele igqirha ukuba isohlwayo esicingwa kwicandelo 33 alisayikwenziwa.
Ukuba ukwenziwa kwesohlwayo okanye nayiphina indawo emiselwe ngokwecandelwana 1b, negqirha elinxulumeneyo aliphumeleli ukuvumelana nenye okanye ezininzi yeemeko zokumiselwa elinye ixesha, iBhunga fanele libeke isohlwayo esinjalo okanye ingxenye emsebenzinin ngaphandle okokuba igqirha lanelisa iBhunga ukuba ukungaphumeleli ukuvumelana neemeko ekunxulunyenwe nazo kwakungenxa yeemeko ezingaphaya kolawulo lakhe.
Umntu obesikiwe okanye ogama lakhe belisusiwe kwirejista ngokwecandelo 33 uyalelwa ukuba aqhubeke nomsebenzi wakhe kwaye isiqinisekiso sakhe sokubhalisa sicingwa ukuba sixhixiswe de kube ixesha lokusikwa liphelile okanye de kube igama lakhe libuyiselwe kwirejista liBhunga.
a nokuba kungaphambili okanye ngasemva kokubhalisa, wagwetyelwa ityala yinkundla yomthetho; kwaye b apho iBhunga linembono yokuba ityala elinjalo lenza impatho engalunganga njengoko licingwa kwicandelo 29, lingaqhutywa liBhunga ngokwesi Sahlulo kwaye line mfanelo kwisigwebo esinye okanye ezininzi zezohlwayo ezicingwa kwicandelo 33: Ngaphandle okokuba, ngaphambi kokubekwa nasiphina isohlwayo, umntu onjalo fanele ukuba anikwe ithuba lokuchazela iBhunga kuxolelo lokuziphatha olukhoyo.
Naninina kuyo naziphiana iinkqubo phambi kwayo nayiphiana inkundla yomthetho , ibonakala enkundleni ukuba kukho ubungqina ngoluvo lokuqala bokungaziphathi ngokomsebenzi kwindawo yomntu obhaliswe ngokwalo mThetho, inkundla fanele iqobdise ukuba ikopi yerekhodi yeenkqubo ezinjalo, okanye isahlulo esinjalo njengento emcimbini, fanele igqithiselwe kwiBhunga.
Umntu onika ubungqina bobuxoki kwisifungo okanye kwisiqiniselo kulo naluphi uphando olubanjiweyo ngokwalo mThetho, esazi ukuba obo bungqina bubu buxoki, unetyala lokukhathaza kwaye ufanele ukugwetywa kwizohlwayo ezimisiweyo ngumthetho ngezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho zesifungo-buxoki.
Nanye kuzo zombini, iBhunga okanye naliphina ilungu, igosa okanye umsebenzi emva koko unemfanelo saso nasiphina isenzo esenziweyo kwintembeko elungileyo ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho.
Ibhunga fanele lenze imithetho echaza ezo zenzo okanye oko kungenzi malunga neBhunga elinikuthatha amanyathelo oqeqesho ngokwalo mThetho: Ngaphandle okokuba amandla eBhunga ukwenza imibuzo ngaphakathi nokuhambisana naso nasiphina isikhalazo, isimangalo okanye intetho engenabungqina ecingwa kulo mThetho ayinyinwanga kwizenzo okanye izinto ezinokungenzeki ezichaziweyo.
Akukho mthetho wenziweyo ngokwecandelwana 1 okanye nasiphina isilungiso okanye urhoxiso emva koko olunyanzelekileyo kwaye de uthabathekise umthetho onjalo ovunyelweyo ngumPhathiswa waza wapapashwa kwiGazethi.
UmPhathiswa , emva kokunxibelelana neBhunga , angenza imimiselo enxulumene kwimibuzo malunga nabafundi okanye abantu ababhalisiweyo ngokwalo mThetho abavela bethothisile, kuvavanyo lweemeko zabo, iimeko ezibekwa phezu kobhaliso lwabo okanye kuqeqesho, ukusikwa kwabo okanye ukushenxiswa ekuziqeqesheni, ukurhoxiso lweemeko, ukusikwa okanye ukushenxiswa kwaye kwizenzo zokungakwazi ukuziphatha ngokomsebenzi okwenziwe ngaphambili okanye ngexesha lovavanyo okanye lophando.
a xa ecelwe ngumntu onxulumeneyo; okanye b xa umrhumo onjalo ugqitha umrhumo oqhele ukuhlawuliswa ukulungiselela iinkonzo ezinjalo, nakwiimeko ezicingwa kumhlathi b nawo oxela umntu onxulumene nomrhumo oqhelekileyo.
Naliphina igqirha elinikezela malunga nazo naziphina iinkonzo zobugqirha ngamabango entlawulo ache kuye nawuphina umntu kwelicandelo obhekiselele ekubeni abengumguli fanele, ngokuphathelelene namalungiselelo omThetho weeShedyuli zaMayeza ka-1998 umThetho 131 ka-1998 apho unokusetyenziswa, uxhobise umguli nge-akhawunti echaziweyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
a Umguli, kwinyanga ezintathu emva kokuba efumenei-akhawunti ecingwa kwicandelwana 2, angenza isicelo ngokubhalela iBhunga ukumisa intlawulo, ngokwembono yeBhunga, fanele ukuba uhlawuliselwa iinkonzo apho i-akhawunti inxulumeneyo.
b Ngokukhawuleza emva kokufumana isicelo, iBhunga fanele limise intlawulo esichaziweyo sazise igqirha nomguli ngokubhala intlawulo esimisiweyo.
c Phambi kokuba iBhunga limise intlawulo, fanele linike igqirha elinxulumeneyo ithuba lokungenisa kwiBhunga ngokubhaliweyo izinto ezinxulumene nokuqwalaselwa liBhunga ukuxhasa intlawulo ehlawuliswayo.
UmPhathiswa emva kokunxibelelana neBhunga angamisela inkqubo iBhunga ekufanele iyilandele ekwenzeni isicelo ngaphantsi kwecandelwana 3.
Kumaxesha ngamaxesha, iBhunga lingamsa lipapashe imirhumo esetyenzisiweyo liBhunga njengesithethe sokumisela intlawulo ecingwa kwicandelwana 3.
a Ibango lentlawulo eliyintloko yesicelo esicingwa kwicandelwana 3 nelithi isaziso sinikiwe liBhunga okanye umguli kwigqirha elinxulumeneyo, ayinokufunyanwa kwakhona de ukumiswa kwenziwe ngokwecandelwana 3.
b Yintlawulo kuphela emisiweyo ebhatalekayo nokuba umguli ubhatele kwigqirha elinxulumeneyo intlawulo engaphezulu kwentlawulo emisiweyo, igqirha fanele liphinde libhatale umguli intlawulo enokuthi igqithe kwintlawulo emisiweyo.
Eli candela alihluthi iBhunga nayo nayiphina imisebenzi yalo ngokwalo mThetho malunga nezenzo okanye ukungenzi malunga nokuba ingathatha amanyathelo oqeqesho.
e nawuphina umntu obhalisiweyo ozenza omnye umntu ngokwalo mThetho; okanye f ibonelela okanye inikela ukuxhobisa kuye nawuphina umntu ongabhaliswanga ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho okanye nakuwuphina umthetho ongomnye, isixhobo okanye isixhobo esinokusetyenziswa, okanye ibangwa ukuba iyasebenza, ngenjongo zokunyanga, ukunyanga okanye ukunqanda ukukreqa komzimba, izigulo okanye iintswelo ekubeni sisazi ukuba izixhobo ezinjalo okanye izixhobo ziza kusetyenziswa ngabo bantu banjalo bangabhalisanga ngenjongo zokwenza zokuzuza isenzo apho umntu onjalo ongabhalisanga ngokwalo mThetho okanye nawuphina umthetho anqandwayo ekwenzeni inzuzo.
Umntu ofunyenwe enetyala lokukhubekisa elicingwa kwicandelwana 1 fanele ngokomthetho agwetywe isohlwayo esona sikhulu esingadlulanga kwintlawulo emisiwe amaxesha ngamaxesha ngumPhathiswa ngokunxulumana nomPhathiswa wezeMali kwiGazetthi.
Akukho ntlawulo inokufunyanwa kwakhona malunga naso nasiphina isenzo esinxulumene kumsebenzi wegqirha ukuba isenzo esinjalo senziwe ngumntu ongagunyaziswanga ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho ukuba enze isenzo esinjalo elungiselela inzuzo.
Akukho mntu ngaphandle komntu obhalisile ngokwalo mThetho nobambe izingqini eziyimfuneko onokonyulelwa okanye abe nelungelo lokubamba isikhundla kulo naluphi uzinziso, iziko, iqela, iqumrhu okanye umbutho, nokuba ngowoluntu okanye ngowabucala, ukuba isikhundla esinjalo sibandakanya ukwenza kwaso nasiphina isenzo esithi umntu ongabhalisanga ngokwalo mThetho akanakwenza nzuzo: Ngaphandle okokuba akukho nto kwelicandelwana evalela uqeqesho lwamagqirha okanye abakhwetha ngaphantsi kokonganyelwa ligqirha elilungele ngokufanelekileyo, okanye ingqesho kuso nasiphina isibhedlele okanye kwiziko elifanayo lakhe nawuphina umntu onyamezela uqeqesho ngombono wokubhalisa ngokwalo mThetho ngaphantsi kokonganyelwa ligqirha elilungele ngokufanelekileyo okanye omnye onobuchule bezempilo.
Nangona nawuphina umthetho kwenye into, umntu ogunyazisiweyo liBhunga ngokubhalwa ukuba aphengulule nayiphina into enxulumene ekufundiseni okanye ekuqeqesheni nawuphina umntu okanye iqela labantu abanyamezela imfundiso okanye uqeqesho olunjalo ngenjongo yokulungisela bona ukuziqhelanisa nomsebenzi apho umThetho usebenza khona, ngenye indlela ecingwa kwicandelo 31 ngenjongo yokwenza uphengululo olunjalo angangena kulo naliphi iziko okanye isakhiwo nomhlaba waso osetyenzisiweyo ekufundiseni okanye ekuqeqesheni naye nawuphina umntu onjalo okanye iqela labantu.
Umntu onqanda umntu ogunyazisiweyo ngokwecandelwana 1 ekubeni angene kulo naliphina iziko okanye isakhiwo nomhlaba waso esicingwa kwelacandelwana, okanye othintela laa mntu ekulandeleni uphengululo lwakhe unetyala lokukhubekisa kwaye ufanele agwetywelwe isohlwayo esingadlulanga kwintlawulo emiswe ngumPhathiswa, ngokunxibelelana nomPhathiswa wezeMali kwiGazethi amaxesha ngamaxesha.
UmPhathiswa emva kokunxibelelana neBhunga ngesaziso kwiGazethi angakhulula nawuphina umntu ongumqondisi-mthetho okanye iqela labantu abangabaqondisi-mthetho abachaziweyo kwisaziso nokuba badla ngoku- okanye phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo njengoko zinokuchazwa kwisaziso ukusukela ekusebenzeni kwalo mThetho, ukwenzela abenakho umntu ongumqondisi-mthetho ukuziqhelisa njengegqirha, ntoleyo exhomekeke kubhaliso lomntu ongumqondisi-mthetho onjalo ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho.
Nasiphina isingqiniso kulo mThetho okanye nawuphina omnye umthetho emntwini obhalise ngokwalo mThetho ukuba aziqhelise njengegqirha okanye kumahlulelane okanye kuthelelwano ngokunxulumene kumntu onjalo obhalisileyo, ucingelwa ukubandakanya isingqiniso kumntu ongumqondisi-mthetho ocingwa kwicandelwano 1 okanye kwilungu lomntu ongumqondisi-mthetho onjalo njengoko kunokuba njalo ngaphandle okokuba imeko ibonisa ngolunye uhlobo.
UmPhathiswa emva kokuxhumana neBhunga nangaliphina ixesha ngesaziso kwiGazethi angalungisa okanye arhoxise nasiphina isaziso esikhutshwe ngaphantsi kwecandelwana 1.
izenzo zokungaziphathi kakuhle emsebenzini ezenziwengaphambi okanye ngexesha lovavanyo okanye lophengululo lwabantu abonakalisayo.
k nasiphina isifo esicingwa kwicandelo 48 1g fanele sibe nexesha elimisiweyo; kwaye l nayiphina enye into jikelele eyimfuneko ekumisweni ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa uzlisekiso olusulungekileyo lwalo mThetho noguqulo lobugqirha ukusukela kumsebenzi ongalawulwayo ukuya kolawulwayo.
Amalungiselelo awo nawuphina ummiselo enziwe ngaphantsi komhlathi e wecandelwana 1 elinxulumene nemirhumo ehlawulwayo ngaphantsi kwecandelo 23 4 ingohlukana ngenxa yesizathu sokushenxiswa kwegama lomntu kwirejista kwakunye nexesha ngexesha eyashenxiswa ngalo.
Nawuphina ummiselo owenziwe ngaphantsi kwelicandelo lingamiselwa izohlwayo zako nakuphina ukwaphula okukhoyo okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuvumelana noko.
a upapashe ummiselo kwiGazethi kunye nesaziso esibhengeza injongo yakhe ekwenzeni ummiselo onjalo; kwaye b umema abantu abanomdla benze amagqabantshintshi kuloo nto okanye benze umelo ngokuphathelelene noko.
a nawo nawuphina ummiselo ofake umbandela ngumPhathiswa ngesiphumo sokumela esifunyenwe nguye ngenxa yesiphumo sesaziso esipapashwe ngokwecandelwana 4; kananjalo b nawo nawuphina ummiselo malunga neBhunga elicebisa umPhathiswa ukuba umdla woluntu uyawufuna wenziwe ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
i nayiphina enye into efunekayo okanye engazisa ngomthetho njengemithetho ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho.
a upapashe umthetho onjalo kwiGazethi kunye nesaziso esibhengeza injongo yeBhunga ekwenzeni umthetho onjalo; kananjalo b umema abantu abanomdla benze amagqabantshintshi kuloo nto okanye benze umelo ngokuphathelelene noko.
Ngokweenjongo zecandelwana 1 "umhlaza" ubandakanya onke amaqhubu, nokuba avelaphi, abandakanya inkovu nesifo esithile segazi.
i wenza ngathi ubhalisile ngokwaloo msebenzi; okanye ii usebenzisa naliphina igama elaziswe ngummiselo njengegama elingena kusetyenziswa.
UmPhathiswa, angokunconywa liBhunga ngesaziso kwiGazethi emise umrhumo omawubhatalwe ngonyaka kwiBhunga ngabantu abanenxaxheba: Ngaphandleni okokuba ekumiseleni umrhumo onjalo, umPhathiswa ngokucetyiswa liBhunga angohlula phakathi kwabantu ngokoke nokuba babhalisile ngaphambili okanye emva komhla ochaziweyo kwisaziso kwaye isambuku somrhumo singohlukahlukana ngokwendlela mhlawumbi sibhatalwe ngaphambili okanye emva komhla ochaziweyo.
Ukuba umntu ufanele ahlawule nawuphina umrhumo wonyaka omisiweyo ngokwecandelwana 1, akaphumeleli okanye uyala ukubhatala umrhumo onjalo ngexesha elimisiweyo kwisaziso esikhoyo, iBhunga lingayibuyisela intlawulo yomrhumo onjalo ngesenzo kwinkundla ekwaziyo.
Ukuba igama lomntu lishenxisiwe kwirejista ngokwalo mThetho, kuyimeko eyandulelayo ukuba abhatale umrhumo wonyaka obonakalayo ukulungiselela ukubuyiselwa kwegama lakhe kwirejista.
IBhunga ngesicombululo ngokubhaliweyo lingakhululelwa ixesha elingamiswanga okanye elimisiweyo lomntu obhalisileyo ochazwe kwisicombululo ukusukela kwintlawulo yawo nawuphina umrhumo omiswe ngokwecandelwana 1.
Akukho mntu ofanelwe sisenzo somthetho okanye uqeqesho okanye kuso nasiphina isohlwayo esicingwa kulo mThetho ekuzibopheni kubugqirha ngexesha lonyaka omnye olandela umhla wokuqalisa kwalo mThetho ngaphandle kokuba ubhaliswe ukwenza oko.
Lo mThetho ubizwa umThetho wamaGqirha ka-2003 noqala ukusebenza ngomhla omiswe nguMongameli ngokuwazisa kwiGazethi.
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Ukubonelela ngokubhalisa amancedo/amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumisi-mhlaba, abasebenzi bokunqanda izinambuzane, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, amacandelo okubulala iintsholongwane nonyango olunikezwa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana ngesizathu sokuvuselela abantu, ukhuseleko lwezilwanyana nolwezityalo, ukuvuselela imveliso yezilwanyana nendlela yokusebenza; nokuphuhlisa imveliso yezolimo nokubonelela ngemicimbi eyelele apho.
a ezimosha, ezidengisa, ezichitha, ezithintela ukutyiswa kwe, okanye ezinqanda 'ukuzalisa kwe okanye uhlaselo lwee, nasiphi na isinambuzane esibhekiselele kwisityalo okanye into b ukumosha izityalo c ukuphucula inzululwazi yokusebenza kwezityalo, okanye izinambuzane ukuze kulungiseke uphuhliso lwazo lwendalo, imveliso, nobunjani okanye umthamo wemveliso d ukutsala isinambuzane ngenjongo yokusilawula/ukusinqanda okanye ukusijonga e ukomeleza indawo ekuyo inayitrojini yezilwanyana;okanye f ukuphucula elinye uncedo/iyeza lezolimo kudibanise namancedo ezindlu.
Ukunyangwa kwezilwanyana ngamayeza " kuthetha naliphi na iyeza elilungisiweyo lezilwanyana ngokwemigaqo yokuLungiswa kwamayeza ngokuchazwa yinkqubo yamayeza esekelwe ngumThetho wokuFana(Law of Similars)nemizamo yokuvuselela isiqu sokukhusela ukwenyuka kwamayeza awenziwe ngokupheleleyo aneempawu ezingeniswe zizilwanyana amancedo amakhaya" athetha amancedo ezolimo asetyenziswa e- okanye ngasendlini okanye nakwezinye izakhiwo ukunqanda okukhawulezileyo" ngokubhekiselele kumancedo ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumisi, ukutya kwezilwana ezincinci okanye amancedo ezilwanyana ngokokunqanda okudibana ngqo noncedo lwezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izinto zokutyisa, izichumisi, ukutya kwezilwana ezincinci okanye amancedo ezilwanyana.
uluhlu lwezinto namaxabiso azo" kudibanisa isaziso, isaziso esihanjiswayo kunye nekhadi ukwenziwa" kudibanisa isivundisi, umxube, ukwenziwa, ukuqhuba , ukupakisha, ukupakisha kwakhona, ukulungisa nokubhala ngesizathu sokuthengisa kwakhona ukwenza nenkqubo yokwenza kunentsingiselo ebhekisele apho.
umPhathiswa " uthetha umPhathiswa kaZwelonke onoxanduva leZolimo igosa" lithetha igosa okanye umsebenzi ngokuchazwa licandelo 1 lomThetho weNkonzo yaBasebenzi.(ngokweSibhengezo senombolo 103 sowe-1994), kwakhona igosa linentsingiselo ebhekiselela apha.
a ngokubhekiselela kwisilwanyana, sithetha isityalo, into isilwanyana, okanye kwinto yendalo ethi ichaphazele ubume bendawo, obuxabisa isilwanyana esibizwe kuqala okanye isityalo okanye loo nto; okanye b ngokubhekiselela kwindawo, ithetha isilwanyana, isityalo okanye enye into yendalo echaphazela ukusetyenziswa okanye ukonwabela loo ndawo.
umsebenzi othintela izinambuzane uthetha umntu othi, ngokwexesha lo msebenzi wakhe okanye ngokwentlawulo , alawule amancedo ezolimo ngenxa yezizathu ezimele oko aze azibhalise.
Ukutya kwesilwanyana esifuyiweyo kuthetha nakuphi na ukutya kwesilwanyana esifuyiweyo kuze kudibanise nokutya okulungiselelwe izilwanyana ezifuyiweyo ezineemfuno zezakhi-mzimba ezi zodwa, ukutya okusetyenziswa njengokunyanga nokumele ukutya.
isityalo sithetha nasiphina isityalo okanye ifangasi nedibanisa imbewu okanye ukusikwa kwesityalo.
umxube omiselweyo" kuthetha , ngokubhekiselele kukutya kwesilwanyana, isichumisi, nokutya kwesinambuzane , umxube owamkelweyo okanye izinto zokuxuba ezibhalisiweyo kwicebiso elibhalwe phantsi le ngcali yezendalo, ugqirha wezilwanyana, inzululwazi yezilwanyana kwakhona kumbandela wokuxazulula ingxaki yezakhi-mzimba ezishotayo ekutyeni kwezilwanyana okanye ukungahambi kakuhle kwezinto, ukubhaliswa" ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso okanye kwisakhiwo kuthetha imveliso okanye isakhiwo ngokubhekiselela ekukhutshweni kwesatifikethi sokubhalisa kwakhona ngokubhekiselela apho ubhaliso lupheliswe khona okanye savuywavuywa kwakhona nalapho inkxaso yemali emiselweyo ithe yabhatalwa.
d ukuyibulala uyiphungulela intlungu; okanye e ukuphucula imvakalelo yelinye iyeza lezilwanyana.
b enze naluphi na uphando oluyimfuneko okanye abuze nayiphi na imibuzo eyimfuneko malumga nesicelo okanye kumceli.; okanye c asale, asimise okanye asamkele isicelo eso ngokulawulwa zimeko azibona zifanelekile.
umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista angasandisa isithuba sesicelo ngokulawulwa licandelwana 2(a) ngokubhala.
b isicelo sokwandiswa kwexesha masenziwe ngokubhaliweyo kuze kubonakale nezizathu zoko.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista kufuneka azise umceli ngokubhaliweyo ngaso nasiphi na isigqibo afikelela kuso, kwakhona ukuba umceli, okanye isicelo siyakhatywa okanye simiselwa omnye umhla, funeka anike izizathu zokusala nokusimisa.
umPhathiswa unokuthi ngokulawulwa zezo meko anyanzelise, abele okanye anike naliphi na igosa leSebe okanye agunyazise nawaphi na amandla emntwini, okanye umsebenzi okanye amnyanzelise phantsi kwa lo mThetho ngaphandle kwamandla okwenza ImiMiselo phantsi kwecandelo 29.
umPhathiswa akavinjwanga, nawaphi na amandla okanye akasindanga kuwo nawuphi na umsebenzi awabelweyo okanye awunikwe njengoko kuboniwe kwicandelwana 1, kwakhona angalungisa okanye abeke ecaleni nasiphi na isigqibo esithathwe ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla okanye ukwenziwa komsebenzi awabelweyo okanye awunikiweyo.
umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ubela nabani na nawaphi na amagunya awanikiweyo okanye anike nawuphi na umsebenzi awumnyanzelisiweyo phantsi kwa lo mThetho ophantsi kolawulo lwakhe , njengegosa.
b Nasiphi na isigqibo esithathiweyo okanye umyalelo okhutshiweyo lilo naliphi na igosa elinjalo , singarhoxiswa okanye silungiswe ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista, kwaye unokuthi, de sibe sirhoxisiwe, okanye silungisiwe ngokubona kufanelekile , ngaphandle kwezizathu zalo mhlathi sibe senziwe ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista okanye sikhutshwe ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista.
Ngenxa yezizathu zalo mThetho, umPhathiswa unokuthi, emva kokucebisana nomntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista abele abantu umsebenzi, edibanisa namagosa njengabacebisi bobuchwephesha abaza kuthi bacebise umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ngokubhekiselele ekubhaliseni abaceli nakwimicimbi yobuchwephesha ebhekiselele kubo.
Ngenxa yezizathu zalo mThetho umPhathiswa unokuthi emva kokucebisana nomntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista abele abantu imisebenzi nabaselebhu njengabahlengahlengisi besampulu zamayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumisi, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo nabamayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana ekubhekiswe kubo ngu umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ukuze banike ingxelo ngokwendlela nefomu emiselweyo.
Ngenxa yezi zathu zalo mThetho umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista angabela iingcali umsebenzi, iikomiti ezidibanisa amalungu eekomiti aza kucebisa umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ngokubhekiselele ekubhalisweni kwezicelo, imicimbi yobuchwephesha ImiMiselo nezinye izinto ezibhekiselele kubo.
a Ngenxa yezi zathu za lo mThetho umPhathiswa unokuthi ngokucebisana nomntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista , xa kungekho nto idala impixano phakathi kwabo, anike kumiselwe lo mThetho okanye amalungiselelo athile wawo kwiRephabliki iphela okanye kummandla othile, kuye nawuphi na umntu onomdla okanye onolwazi lwee arhente zokuphuhlisa imveliso yezolimo okanye kwizakhiwo zayo.
b Umsebenzi ocingiweyo kumhlathi a mawubeke elubala amandla nemisebenzi yomntu lowo uza kuwenza oza kuthi yena asebenzise amandla akhe ekwenzeni lo msebenzi ngokulawulwa sisikhokelo esivela ku umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista c Ngokubhekiselele kumntu womThetho, kungajongwanga nanto ni na eza kuthi iphazamise omnye umThetho, xa lingekhoyo ilungiselelo elichaziweyo kulo mbandela, akwazi ukuwenza ngokuyimpumelelo lo msebenzi ucingwe kumhlathi b d Nasiphi na isigqibo esenziwe okanye umyalelo okhutshwe nguye nawuphi na umntu owabelwe umsebenzi unokurhoxiswa okanye ulungiswe ngu umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista, kwaye kunokuthi, de ibe kanti urhoxisiwe, okanye ulungisiwe, ngaphandle kwesizathu salo mhlathi, ibe kanti wenziwe okanye ukhutshwe ngu umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista.
e Ngaphandle kokuba umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista kumbandela othile ubona ngolunye uhlobo, umntu onikwe umsebenzi akanakubeka ityala kurhulumente ngokubhekiselele kwiindleko ezenzekileyo ngokumalunga nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okanye kokwenziwa komsebenzi ekuthethwa ngawo.
f Ukuba umntu lowo onikwe umsebenzi akalithobeli eli lungiselelo la lo mThetho, okanye isikhokelo asinikwe ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista, umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista angawuphelisa okanye awumise okwethutyana lo msebenzi.
i kophulwe okanye akakwazenga ukuphumelelisa nali phina ilungiselelo lalo mThetho, okanye okwenzeke kwiRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika.
ngesicelo esibhaliweyo ukuba kwenziwe oko ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista b Xa isizathu sokurhoxisa okomzuzwana siphelile, umPhathiswa angaluphelisa olo rhoxiso.
a abhaliswe ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho ngegama okanye ngophawu ethengiswe ngawo: Ngaphandle kokuba loo mayeza/mancedo ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana, ngokubhekiselele kukuphelelwa kwexesha lawo lobhaliso., nesatifikethi sawo sobhaliso siyekisiwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 18 okanye siyekisiwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 192 ekuthe ngaphambi okanye ngomhla wolo pheliso ibingekho ngaphantsi kolawulo, lwe-, okanye ibingasekho phantsi komntu sasibhalwe ngaye isatifikethi, unokuthi ngokulawulwa ngalo malungiselelo eli candelo athengiswe.
Akukho mntu makafumane, alahle, athengise, ancome, okanye asebenzise amayeza ezolimo, amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana ewasebenzisela isizathu okanye ngendlela engeyiyo leyo ichazwe kumbhalo osenkonxeni yayo okanye kwinkonxa enjalo okanye ephikisana nokubhaliswa kwayo.
a athintele ukufunyanwa, ukulahlwa, ukuthengiswa okanye ukufunyanwa kwamayeza athile ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumisi, amancedo ezilwanyana; okanye b athintele oko kufunyanwa kunjalo, ukulahlwa, ukuthengiswa, ukufumana amayeza athile, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso okanye amancedo empilo ezilwanyana; okanye c ukusiphelisa okanye ukusilungisa isaziso esinjalo.
a kwiRiphabliki iphela okanye kummandla ochaziweyo omnye okanye nakwezinye indawo.
Nayiphi na imeko ekubhekiswe kuyo kwicandelwana mayingalawulwa zizithintintelo zalo naluphi na uhlobo, kwaye ezo meko zingohluka ngokubhekiselele kwimimandla , abantu iiklasi okanye amaqela abantu abohlukeneyo.
Nawuphina umntu othengisa amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza okunceda izilwanyana angekho zinkonxeni, koko eziswe ngezinto ezinkulu, makanike umntu lowo uthengayo i-invoyisi eneenkcukacha ezibhekiselele kuncedo lezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana , izichumiso, amancedo empilo yezilwanyana ngexesha kusisiwa ezo nto, njengoko ziza kube zichaziwe.
Ukwenziwa nokuthengiswa kokutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo okunezinto ezifumaneka kwimizimba yezilwanyana ezifileyo kunye netela yezasephiko/iinkuku.
a iza kube ikhutshwe iintsholongwane ngendlela emiselweyo; okanye b iza, ngokulawulwa ngamalungiselelo ecandelo 9 isuka kwamanye amazwe ngokwemigaqo yepemithi ekhutshwe ngaphantsi komThetho weZifo zeZilwanyana, wowe- 1984 umThetho no.
Akukho mntu uza kuthengisa itela yeenkuku njengokutya kwezilwanyana, izinto zokwenza ukutya, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo ngaphandle kokuba kukhutshwe iintsholongwane ngokwendlela emiselwe ngumPhathiswa.
i abhalisiwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelo la lo mThetho iii enziwe kwakhona asebenza kakuhle ngokwendlela echazwe kwisicelo sokubhaliswa kwawo iii anawo onke amachiza, izinto ezibambekayo nezinye izinto ezichaziweyo nezihambelana neemfuno ezimiselwe ngokubhekiselele apha iv apakishwe kwinkonxa ecikiweyo, okanye enombhalo ngokwendlela emiselweyo eneenkcukacha ezichaziweyo.
b ngokubhekiselele kukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, okanye ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo ezinento enemvelaphi yesilwanyana, ipemithi ekubhekiswe kuyo kwicandelo 8 ekhutshwe ngokubhekiselele apha c ngokubhekiselele ekutofweni, okususwe kwamanye amazwe ngokwemigaqo yokukhutshwa kwepemithi ngaphantsi komThetho weZifo zeZilwanyana umThetho no.35 wowe- 1984;okanye d ngokombandela wee-arhente zendalo , eziziswe apha ngokwemigaqo yepemithi ngaphantsi komThetho weZinambuzane zeZolimo wowe- 1983 Agricultural Pests Act, umThetho no.
d ukuba isampuli ithe yathathwa, ingathengiswa kwiRiphabliki ngaphandle kwegunya elibhalwe ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista kwakhona ilawulwe ziimeko ezimiselweyo.
Ukuba amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso , ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana anokuthi ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 3(b) akanakukhutshwa kwiziko lokungena okanye indawo, efunyenwe ihambisana neemfuno zalo mThetho, akuzokubhatalwa renti ngumntu lowo uhambisa ngokubhekiselele kwixesha elinokuthi zisuswe ngalo, okanye apho umntu ohambisa eza kucelwa ahambise okanye ase amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana ngokubhekiselele kwixeshana ekuthethwa ngalo, isiwe nakuwuphi na umntu ohambisa lo oda, njengoko kubonakele.
i ngokwenkcitho yokuhambisa ezo zinto, azisuse ngokwakhe okanye yena azikhuphe kuMzantsi Afrika kwisithuba esinjalo njengoko ebona umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ii uRhulumente unokulahlekana nayo kwakhona imoshakale, okanye isuswe njengoko umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista enokuyalela kwaye ukuba umntu onjalo ohambisayo akaphumeleli ukususa amancedo ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana ngokwemigaqo yamalungelo omhlathana (i) kwisithuba ekubhekiswe kuso kulo mhlathana, urhulumente uza kuphulukana nayo, kwakhona inokumoshwa okanye kungenjalo ilahlwe njengoko umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista enokuyalela.
b naziphi na iingxeko ezenziwe ngurhulumente ngokumalunga nokuchithwa okanye ukulahlwa kwamancedo ezo limo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana ngokwemigaqo yamalungiselelo omhlathi a angaphinda afunyanwe kumntu lowo uhambisayo.
Akukho mntu makapapashe into ezibubuxoki okanye izinto ezilahlekisayo nge- arhente yokuphuhlisa imveliso yezolimo.
Ukukhutshwa kwawo nawaphina amancedo ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, izakhiwo zezichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, izakhiwo zokutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana, ekusebenzeni komThetho.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamancedo ezolimo njengebhaso kwinkqubo yalo naluphi na urhwebo okanye ishishini.
Isaziso ekubhekiswa kuso kwicandelwana 1 singaxelwa ngomlomo ukubangaba saziswe ngokubhaliweyo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintathu emva koko kusebenza.
Ukuba umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista unembono yokuba nasiphi na isixhobo esisetyenzisiwe ngumntu lowo ubhalisiweyo wokuthintela izinambuzane asiwulungelanga lo msebenzi unjalo wamayeza ezolimo kwaye abone ukuba lo msebenzi awuzokuhamba kakuhle, unokuthi asiyekise eso sixhobo ngokubhaliweyo.
Ukuba umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista unombono wokuba nasiphi na isixhobo esikwisakhiwo sokwenza i-arhente yokuphuhlisa imveliso asikulungelanga ukwenza i-arhente yokuphuhlisa imveliso yezolimo, enokuthi ngokubhalwe phantsi asiyekise.
(a) Isicelo sokubhalisa amancedo/amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, isakhiwo sezichumiso, umsebenzi wokuthintela izinambuzane, icandelo lokubulala izifo, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, namayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana, makenziwe ku rejista ngokwendlela emiselweyo, aze akhatshwe ngomrhumo wesicelo omiselweyo nangamaxwebhu amiselweyo.
b Nawuphi na umntu owenza isicelo sokubhalisa ngokwemigaqo yomhlathi a makakhuphe okanye enze kufumaneke kumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista, iisampuli neenkcukacha ngokwendlela nexesha, nendawo umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ayibona ifanelekile.
c Umntu ofuna ukusa kwamanye amazwe nokwenza okanye ukulahla obenze isicelo sokubhalisa imveliso, yobunzima obufanelekileyo bemveliso enjalo, ngalo mzuzu ibingekabhaliswa ngesisathu sokuthobela isicelo somntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ngokwemigaqo yomhlathi b kwelicandelwana, uza kuvunyelwa kuze kungathiwa wophule naliphi na icandelo lalo mThetho.
i sikulungele kwaye siyifanele injongo esifunelwa yona, ii siyavumelana nezo mfuno zinokumiselwa nezesakhiwo esenzelwa ukuba kuthengiselwe kuso.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista unokusala isicelo sokurejistarisha amancedo/amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, isakhiwo sezichumiso, umsebenzisi wokuthintela izifo, icandelo lokubulala izifo, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, kunye namayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana okuba ubhaliso oludlulileyo la mancedo anjalo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, isakhiwo sezichumiso, umsebenzi wokuthintela izinambuzane, icandelo lokubulala izifo, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana sipheliswe phantsi kwecandelo 1ama 18.
Naluphi na ubhaliso ngaphantsi kwelicandelo luya kulawulwa zizo naziphi na izongezelelo ezimbini okanye ukuphononongwa ekunokufunwa ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 2 nelesi 6 kwaye luza kusebenza ixeshana limiselweyo, kwaye umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista uza kukhupha isatifikethi sokubhalisa esikhuphela lo mntu ufaka isicelo.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista uza kuthi ngokubhaliweyo anike umntu lowo uchaphazelekayo okanye umntu lowo ube nikwe isatifikethi, izizathu zokwalelwa kwakhe, izizathu, ukuzinikela kwezo meko okanye ukuyekisa, njengoko kubonakala.
d Ukuba izinto ezilandelweyo namancedo akhoyo ku- okanye ngokulawulwa sisakhiwo okanye ngumsebenzi owenziwe kweso sakhiwo ayikahambelani namanyathelo amkelekileyo amazwe angaphesheya okhuseleko nobunjani bemveliso yamayeza ezolimo okanye namancedo asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana.
e Ukuba izinto ezilandelweyo namancedo akhoyo ku- okanye ngokulawulwa sisakhiwo okanye umsebenzi owenziweyo kweso sakhiwo asikulungelanga ukwenziwa okanye ukulungiselela ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, okanye ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo ekubhekiswa kuzo.
g Ukuba ngokuphikisana nomdla woluntu angabhaliswa amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana; okanye h Ukuba nayiphi na into engekhoyo nopapasho olulahlekisayo kusetyenziswe ngokumalunga namayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana.
b Umsebenzi othintela izinambuzane akakwazanga ukuthobela umyalelo okhutshwe ngaphantsi kwecandelo 15; okanye c akukho semdleni woluntu ukuba umsebenzi wothintelo lwezinambuzane ubhaliswe.
c icandelo lokubulala izifo alizithobelanga iimeko ezimiselweyo okanye kungenjalo ayinazixhobo zisebenza kakuhle ekubulaleni izifo ekubhekiswa kuzo kwinkcazelo "yecandelo lokubulala izifo"; okanye d ayikho semdleni woluntu into yokuba icandelo lokubulala izifo lihlale libhalisiwe.
c isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sezichumiso, okanye isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo asizithobeli iimeko ezimiselweyo; okanye d iyaphikisana nomdla woluntu into yokokuba isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sezichumiso, okanye isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo sihlale sibhalisiwe.
a ngokubhekiselele kumancedo/kumayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, isakhiwo sezichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amancedo asetyenziswa ngoogqirha enze isatifikethi, okanye enze kubekho ikopi eza kuthi ihlolwe ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ngawo onke amaxesha afanelekileyo kwisakhiwo apho kulungiswa khona amancedo/amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana; okanye b ngokubhekiselele kumsebenzi wothintelo lwezinambuzane okanye icandelo lokubulala izifo, aveze isatifikethi sobhaliso okanye aveze ikopi xa ifunwa ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista.
UBhaliso lwawo nawuphina umsebenzi wothintelo lwezinambuzane nokukhutshwa kwesatifikethi sobhaliso sikhutshelwa ubhaliso olunjalo luza kuphelelwa ukuba loo mntu ubhalisileyo uyayeka ukulondoloza ubhaliso lwakhe.
Ubhaliso lwecandelo lokubulala izifo kunye nesatifikethi sobhaliso esikhutshiweyo siza kuphelelwa ukuba ubhaliso lwelo candelo aluhoywanga.
Ubhaliso lwaso nasiphina isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sezichumiso, okanye isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, nesatifikethi esikhutshwelwe ubhaliso olunjalo luza kuthi luphele ukuba olo bhaliso aluhoyekanga.
Ukuba ubhaliso lwamancedo/ amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, isakhiwo sezichumiso, umsebenzi wothintelo lwezinambuzane, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, icandelo lokubulala izifo, okanye amayeza/ amancedo asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana, iye yaphelelwa ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana 2 okanye 3 okanye iphelisiwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelo 18, siya kuthi isatifikethi ekuthethwa ngaso ngakwixesha elithile elibekiweyo, sibuyiselwe kumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ngumntu lowo besikhutshelwe kuye.
Nawuphina umntu oziva engonwabanga sisigqibo esithathwe ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista unokubhena ngakweso sigqibo kumPhathiswa.
Isibheno ekubhekiswa kuso kwicandelwana 1 masenziwe ngokwendlela emiselweyo ngokwesithuba esimiselweyo, kubhatalwe nemali emiselwe oko.
UmPhathiswa unokonyula ilungu elinye lekomiti okanye amalungu angaphezulu kwesinye ukuze aphande anike nengxelo ngeso sibheno.
Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista nomntu lowo wenza isibheno banokuya kumntu lowo wenza olo phando okanye bacelwe baye kulo mntu kubhekiswa kuye kwicandelwana 3, ukuze bakwazi ukuviwa okanye babuzwe imibuzo kwaye banganalo negqwetha.
UmPhathiswa unokuthi emva kokuqwalasela loo ngxelo namanye amaxwebhu abhekisela kwisibheno avume, abeke ecaleni okanye alungise isigqibo, okanye akhuphe umyalelo onxulumene apho.
Ilungu lekomiti ekubhekiswa kulo kwicandelwana 3 elingaqeshwanga ngokupheleleyo ngurhulumente kufuneka libhatalwe eso sibonelelo asibona umPhathiswa sifanelekile edibene nomPhathiswa wezeMali.
f athathe iisampuli okanye abangele kuthathwe iisampuli zawo nawaphina amancedo/amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana okanye umxube wawo ngoko, aze avule nayiphi na inkonxa okanye arhanela ukuba inayo nantoni esetyenziswa okanye emele kukusetyenziselwa ukwenziwa, ukunyanga, ukulungiselela, ukugreyida, ukucalucalula, ukupakisha, ukubhala, ukwenza ileyibhile, ukugcina, ukususa, ukuhambisa ngesithuthi, ukubonisa, okanye ukuthengisa uncedo/iyeza kwezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana, aphinde ahlole ahlahle, agreyide, okanye acalule ezo sampuli, okanye abangele kuhlolwe, kuhlahlwe kugreyidwe okanye kucalucalulwe.
c umPhathiswa unokuthi ngamacebiso womntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista aphelise lo ngqesho ekubhekiswa kuyo kwicandelwana xa efumana ingcaciso emenza akholelwe ekubeni ukuqhubekeka nalo ngqesho yaloo mntu kuthethwa ngaye ayikho ndleni yoluntu, okanye loo mntu lowo angasebenza ngendlela engahambisaniyo nenjongo zalo mThetho.
d ukuba loo ngqesho kubhekiswa kuyo kwelicandelo iphelisiwe, umhloli ekubhekiswa kuye uya kuyeka kwesi sikhundla ngoko nangoko.
Xa umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista okanye nabani na ogunyaziswe nguye ngokubhaliweyo wenza olo hlolo ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana 1 kubukho bakhe nawuphi na umntu ochaphazekileyo, okanye kufuneka kuqala avelise isigunyaziso esibhaliweyo kulo mntu unjalo.
Naluphi na ungeniso, uphando, uhlolo nokuthathwa kwesampuli ngokwemigaqo yecandelwana 1 lwakwenziwa ngemini ngaphandle kokuba ubusuku bufanelekile, kwaye nomntu lowo ogunyazisayo ngokwecandelo 1 kuza kufuneka azazise ngokwesicelo salo mntu uchaphazelekayo okanye umntu olawula lo ndawo, isakhiwo, okanye isithuthi.
b kuthathwa ekhona umnini okanye umntu ogcina amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyna ezifuyiweyo, amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana, okanye umxube wazo, okanye, ukuba umnini okanye akukho mntu, yenziwe kubukho bengqina.
c xa ekhona ke umnikazi okanye umntu, okanye elo ngqina , ohlulwe abe zinxenye ezintathu, kwaye inxenye nganye iza kupakishwa kwinkonxa efanelekileyo ize ivalwe ngetywina elineleyibheli okanye elibhaliweyo njengoko indalo ivuma, ukuze lo sampuli ifundeke lula.
c athathe nayiphi na imveliso, into, okanye incwadi okanye uxwebhu okanye nantoni na kwi okanye endaweni okanye kwisithuthi esichaphazelekayo okanye esinokuchaphazeleka kuhlolo, okanye kuphando ngakukukhutshwa kwerisithi ikhutshelwa ukuhlolwa, okanye uphando; kwakhona d kwenziwe iikopi ze okanye kukrazulwe iphepha encwadini, okanye kuxwebhu, okanye kuthathwe isampuli yayo nayiphi na imveliso, into efunyanwe endaweni, endlini okanye kwisithuthi esine- okanye esirhanelekayo kolo hlolo okanye kolo phando.
Indawo, izindlu, ifama, istora, isakhiwo nesithuthi ekubhekiswa kuzo zingangenwa qha, nemiba ekubhekiswe kuyo inokwenziwa xa kukhutshwe iwaranti kwi-ofisi zakwamantyi, kwi-ofisi kamantyi wengingqi, okanye ijaji yommandla , okanye ummandla okwindawo, izindlu, ifama, istora, isakhiwo okanye isithuthi apho nawaphi na amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana, enza okanye enziwa, axutywa aqhutywa, anyangwa, alungiswa, agreyidwa, acalulwa, apakishwa kwakhona, abhalwa, afakwa ileyibhile, agcinwa, afakwa ebhotileni, asuswa, afakwa kwisithuthi, aboniswa, apakishwa, apakishwa kwakhona, athengiswa okanye asetyenziswa kwaye angakhutshwa kuphela xa ujaji ebona kwingcaciso ekhoyo okanye umantyi ekholelwa ukuba kukho izizathu ezibambekayo zokuba nawaphi na amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana okanye anokwenziwa, axutywe, aqhutywe, anyangwe, alungiswe, agreyidwe, acalu calulwe, apakishwa, apakishwa kwakhona abhalwe, afakwe ileyibhile, agcinwe, afakwe kwisithuthi, aboniswe, aze, okanye, ze, okanye aza kwenziwa axutywe, aqhutywe, anyangwe, alungiswe, agreyidwe, acalucalulwe, apakishwe, aphinde apakishwe, abhalwe, iafakwe ileyibhile, agcinwe, afakwe ezibhotileni, asuswe, afakwe kwizithuthi, aboniswe, athengiswe, okanye asetyenziswe aze umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista afune iwaranti eza kuchaza amagunya acingwe kwicandelo 2010 anokusetyenziswa: Ukubangaba loo waranti leyo inokukhutshwa yijaji ngokumalunga nezindlu, ekomnye ummandla xa ebona kufanelekile.
a ilungelo lo mntu, imbeko nokhuselo lwesidima sakhe b ilungelo lo mntu kwinkululeko, kukhuseleko ; kwakhona c kwilungelo lo mntu kubomi bakhe babucala.
b nike umntu lowo ngokwesicelo sakhe iinkcukacha ezibhekisela kwisigunyaziso sokukhupha lo waranti enjalo kumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista.
a Umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista okanye nabani na ocingwe kwicandelwana 1 unokungena akhangele nayiphi na indawo, isakhiwo, okanye isithuthi, okanye asetshe nawuphi na umntu, ukuba uyifunile imvume yokungena kwakhona uyixelile into ayingenelayo.
a Nawuphi na umntu osebenza ngesigunyaziso salo waranti ngokwemigaqo yeli candelo unokungena ngenkani kulo ndawo, kwezo zindlu, kulo fama, kweso sitora, kweso sakhiwo, okanye kweso sithuthi ukuba akavunyelwa ukuba angene, kudibanise nokophula naluphi na ucango, okanye ifestile, yalo ndawo, yalo ndlu, yalo fama, yeso sitora, yeso sakhiwo, okanye eso sithuthi: Ukubangaba loo mntu lowo ufune imvume kuqala yokungena kulo ndawo, kulo ndlu, kulo fama, kweso sitora, kweso sakhiwo okanye kweso sithuthi aze axele isizathu sokuba afune ukungena kulo ndawo, kulo ndlu, kulo fama, kweso sotora, kweso sakhiwo, okanye kweso sithuthi.
c Ilungiselelo lomhlathi a alizokusebenza apho umntu ohambisa iwaranti ngokwemigaqo yelicandelo unezizathu ezibambekayo zokokuba naliphi na iyeza lezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana, incwadi, okanye uxwebhu elisisihloko sosetsho linokumoshwa, lilahleke ukuba akuvunywanga ukuba kungenwe neso sizathu sazisiwe.
Ukuba, kuthe ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwale waranti ngokwemigaqo yeli candelo, umntu uye wathi naziphi na iimpahla, uxwebhu, incwadi okanye into efunyenwe kwindawo, kwisakhiwo, okanye kwisithuthi ekuthethwa ngaso sinengcaciso ebalulekileyo waze akavuma ukuba kuhlolwe okanye kususwe, umntu okhupha lo waranti ngokwemigaqo yelicandela unoluvo lokuba iimpahla, uxwebhu, incwadi, okanye into ikulungele kwaye ifanele ukuba mayiphandelwe nasiphi na isikhalazo, okanye kurhanelwa ukwenziwa, ukuxutywa, ukuqhutywa, ukunyangwa, ukulungiselelwa, ukugreyidwa, ukucalucalulwa, ukupakishwa, ukupakishwa kabini, ukubhalwa, ukufakwa ileyibhile, ukugcinwa, ukususwa, ukuhanjiswa ngesithuthi, ukuboniswa, ukuthengiswa, okanye ukusetyenzwa kungakulungelanga kuphinde kukufanele ukuphandwa kwaso nasiphi na isikhalazo, makacele umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista weNkundla ephakamileyo, onelungelo lasemthethweni okanye elikasekela mntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista, ukuxutha nokususa ezo mpahla, loo maxwebhu, ezo ncwadi, okanye amanqakwana aza kugcinwa kakuhle yinkundla yamatyala evumayo ukuba loo ngcaciso ibalulekile.
Nawuphi na umntu odiza, ngaphandle komPhathiswa, kuye nawuphi na omnye umntu ngenjongo zokwenza umsebenzi okanye ukwenza ezo mfanelo ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho, okanye xa kufuneka enze oko yinkundla okanye ngaphantsi kwawo nawuphi na umThetho, okanye xa kuyimfanelo ngokuthobela umThetho weNkuthazo wokuFikelela kwiNgcaciso wowe- 2000(umThetho no. 2 wowe- 2000) osebenza nokukwazi ukufikelela kwingcaciso, nayiphi na ingcaciso ayifumene ngexesha esebenza nawuphi na umsebenzi ongaphantsi kwalo mThetho, ngokubhekiselele kwishishini okanye imicimbi yawo nawuphi na umntu ofunyenwe enetyala kwaye kufuneke ehlawule ifayini okanye ahlale entolongweni.
c ngakwazanga ukunika ingxelo okanye ingcaciso ekufuneka eyinikile kumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista okanye nawuphi na omnye umntu ogunyaziswe nguye xa esebenzisa amagunya okanye esenza umsebenzi wakhe ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho.
i xa athe waphula imihlathi a, b, c, n okanye noo afumane isohlwayo sokubhatala imali okanye ahlale etrongweni iminyaka engadlulanga kwisibini kwakhona ii xa athe waphula imihlathi d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l [kwakunye] okanye um ahlawule okanye ahlale etrongweni iminyaka engagqithanga kwemihlanu..
Inkundla xa igweba nawuphi na umntu kweli tyala ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho, unokuthi, xa icelwe ngumtshutshisi woluntu, kudibene nasiphi na isohlwayo esikhutshwe ngokwelityala, ukwenzela ukuba amancedo/amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo okanye amayeza/ amancedo asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana ngokubhekiselele ekubanjweni kwalo mntu kwaye lo mntu engumnini, okanye zikuye, zibuyiselwe kurhulumente.
Zonke izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana, amancedo/amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana ezilahleke ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho, zimoshwe okanye kungenjalo umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista enze loo nto abona ukuba ifanelekile.
Ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi na into ephazamisana, nento equlathwe kuwo nawuphi na omnye umThetho, inkundla kamantyi inokuba namandla asemthethweni okuwisa nasiphi na isigwebo esikhoyo Kulo mThetho.
c okokuba uyithengise ngenkonxa ibikuyo kuqala kwaye ikuhlobo ebeyithengise ikulo; kwakhona d okokuba inkonxa ihambisana neemfuno ezimiselweyo kwaye ibitywiniwe yafakwa ileyibhile, okanye yafakwa uphawu ngokwendlela emiselweyo neenkcukacha ezimiselweyo.
ImiThetho eyenziwa nezinto ezishiywe ngumlawuli, i-arhente okanye umsebenzi.
b amanyathelo avakalayo ebethathiwe ngumenzi, ngumhambisi, okanye umnikazi ukunqanda nasiphi na isenzo ekuthethwa ngaso; kwakhona c ibingekho ngaphantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko okanye naziphi na iindlela ezikwigunya okanye kwindlela yengqesho yomlawuli, i-arhente, okanye umsebenzi, enze okanye angenzi nantoni nokuba isemthethweni okanye ayikho semthethweni,.
womenzi lowo, umhambisi okanye umsebenzi, njengoko ebona kufanelekile, nokucingwa ukuba akasenzanga eso senzo, aze afumaneke enetyala aze agwetywe ngokubhekiselele apho, kwakhona nento yokuba ekhuphe imiyalelo enqanda eso senzo, okanye olo shiyo lwento ekuthethwa ngayo akazi kuyamkela, ayizokwamkelwa njengobungqina obaneleyo bokuba uthathe onke amanyathelo avakalayo okuthintela eso senzo okanye olo shiyo.
Nawuphina umlawuli onjalo, i-arhente okanye umsebenzi, angafunyanwa enetyala aze agwetywe edibanisa nomenzi, umhambisi, okanye umnikazi.
Kuza kwamkelwa nasiphi na isatifikethi esichaza iziphumo zokucalulwa okanye uvavanyo oluqhutywe kulandelwa amalungiselelo ecandelo 21 kwakhona ekuvakala ukuba isayinwe ngumcaluli owenza olo calulo okanye olo vavanyo.
c nayiphi na ingxelo, okanye into engeniswe encwadini okanye kuxwebhu olugcinwa nguye nawuphi na umenzi, umhambisi kwamanye amazwe, okanye umnikazi wamayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana eyenziwe ngumlawuli, i-arhente, okanye umsebenzi womntu onjalo, okanye ufunyenwe kwi okanye kwindlu ehlala u okanye nasiphi na isithuthi esisetyenziswa eshishinini lo mntu onjalo iyakwamkelwa ngaphandle kokuba obo bungqina, loo ngxelo nolo ngeniso alukhange lwenziwe ngumntu onjalo, okanye nguye nawuphi na umlawuli, i-arhente, okanye umsebenzi, womntu onjalo ngexesha esebenza njengomlawuli, njenge-arhente okanye esengqeshweni.
Akukho kutshutshiswa kuza kwenziwa ngenxa yengxelo zomcaluli, uvavanyo olwenziwe ngokwemigaqo yamacandelo 9 okanye 20, ngaphandle kokuba lo kopi yesatifikethi somcaluli ibesihanjiswe iintsuku ngaphambi kokukhutshwa koko kutshutshiswa komntu onetyala.
a ebhekiselele kwindlela apho amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, isakhiwo sokutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, izakhiwo zezi chumiso, abasebenzi bokuthintela izinambuzane, amacandelo okubulala izifo, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, izakhiwo zokutya kwezilwanyana, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana, angabhaliswa, olo bhaliso lungaphinda lwenziwe, lulungiswe, okanye kukhutshwe ingcaciso kuze kubhatalwe nemali yokwenza isicelo sobhaliso, sokulungiswa, sokuhlola kwakhona nokugcina olo bhaliso.
b ebhekiselele kukuchazwa nakwiimeko zokubhalisa nantoni na into, esiwa kwamanye amazwe okanye ithengiswe njengeyeza lezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana negama elithile okanye uphawu.
f ngokubhekiselela kukuxutywa, kokusebenza kakuhle, kwamachiza, okanye enye impahla efunekayo ngokumalunga nayo nayiphi na enye into, ukwenzela ukuba isiwe kwamanye amazwe, ithengiswe, okanye ibhaliswe njengeyeza lezo limo, ukutya kwezilwanyna, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana., njengoko ebona kufanelekile.
p okanye ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa kobuxoki, okanye iingxelo ezilahlekisayo, kupapasho lwamayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amancedo/amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana neminye imibandela ebhekiselele apha.
u ngokubhekiselela kubuncinane bamanqanaba umntu okanye isakhiwo aza kulandelwa ukwenzela ukukwazi ukuthengisa, ukwenza, ukukhupha, ukwenza afumaneke amayeza ezolimo, ukutya kwezilwanyana, izichumiso, ukutya kwezilwanyana ezifuyiweyo, okanye amayeza asetyenziswa ngoogqirha bezilwanyana; kwakhona v ngokubhekiselele kuwo nawuphi na omnye umbandela ongaphantsi kwalo mThetho uza kuthi umiselwe, ukulungiselela ukuhamba kakuhle kweembono neenjongo zalo mThetho.
Nawuphi na umgaqo owenziwe ngaphantsi kweli candela ungamisela izohlwayo nakokuphi na ukwaphulwa komThetho okanye ukungakwazi ukuthobela, kodwa isohlwayo singagqithi kubuninzi obuxelwe kwicandelo 24.
Ngaphandle kwalapho kuchazwe khona kulo mThetho, akukho mbuyekezo iza kuhlawulwa ngurhulumente, ngumPhathiswa, okanye umntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista ngokumalunga nayiphi na into eyenziwe ngomoya omhle ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho.
Amadlala akhoyo kubume balo naliphi na ixwebhu ekuthe ngokwemigaqo yawo nawuphi na umThetho kwafuneka lwenziwe ngokwendlela ethile, okanye kuxwebhu olukhutshwe ngokwemigaqo yalo mThetho, alwenzi lawulo lungabikho mthethweni ngokwemigaqo yalo mThetho ngokumalunga nombandela wexwebhu olubhekisa kulo, alwenzi ndlela yenkqubo zasemthethweni ezinokuthathwa kuloo mbandela ukuba uxwebhu olo luvumelana kakhulu neemfuno ezifunekayo zomThetho.
Ngokulawulwa ngamalungiselelo ecandelwana , imithetho echazwe kumqolo wesibini yeShedyuli iyaguzulwa.
Nawuphi na ummiselo okanye iskimu esenziwe okanye nayiphi na enye into eyenziwe ngaphantsi kwelungiselelo leziChumiso, ukutya kwaseFama, nomThetho wokuNyanga iMfuyo, wowe- 1947 umThetho no. 36 wowe- 1947 obuye wasebenza ngoko nangoko phambi kokusebenza kwalo mThetho, uza kuthathwa ngokuba ubuwenziwe okanye wenziwe phantsi kweli lungiselelo lalo mThetho.
Lo mThetho uza kubizwa umThetho woPhuhliso wemVeliso yeZolimo, wowe- 2003 kwaye uza kusebenza ngomhla obekwe nguPrezidanti ngesihlokomiso kwiGazethi.
Izichumiso, Ukutya kwaseFama, umThetho waMayeza ezoLimo nokuLungiswa kwaMayeza eMfuyo.
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a ukusekwa kwamaqumrhu oqulunqo kusenzelwa iiNkonzo b ukudalwa/ ukuyilwa nokuhlelwa ngokweendidi kwemisebenzi kusenzelwa isiseko esizinzileyo seeNkonzo.
IZiko loshishino okanye iNkonzo ngokwemeko, inamacandelo omlawuli oyintloko, amacandelo omlawuli, amacandelo, ii-ofisi zamaphondo, ii-ofisi zommandla, izitishi zamazwe angaphandle nezinye izigqeba ezisekwa amaxesha ngamaxesha ngugunyaziwe onobuchule, kwakunye naloo maqumrhu athi ngokolawulo ahambelane neZiko loshishini okanye neNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
UMlawuli-Jikelele angaseka ikomiti yokucebisa ukuba icebise uMlawuli-Jikelele noMphathiswa ngokuqulunqwa kweZiko loShishino okanye kweNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
b uMlawuli-Jikelele uya kuthi ngokuzithandela okanye akufumana iingcebiso ezixelwe kummiselo wesi-32, aseke okanye aphelise naliphi icandelo, icandelwana, i-ofisi yephondo, i-ofisi yommandla, isitishi samazwe angaphandle okanye esinye isigqeba seZiko loshishino okanye seNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
UMlawuli-Jikelele ngokubonisana noMphathiswa uya kumisa inkqubo yokuseka neyokuphelisa umsebenzi weZiko loshishino okanye weNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo.
UMphathiswa uya kumazisa uMongameli yonke iminyaka ngazo zonke iinguqu zokuma kwequmrhu ezenziwe kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo.
a amalungu asigxina , ingabantu abo abaqeshwe kwimisebenzi ekwisiseko esizinzileyo ngokuhambelana neemfuno zengqesho ekubhekiswe kuzo kwiSahluko B semimiselo.
c nguMlawuli-Jikelele ngokubhekiselele kwimisebenzi ukuya kutsho kwinqanaba lomsebenzi wentloko yecandelo: Ukuba apho ukudalwa kwemisebenzi kutshintsha indlela izinto ebezime ngayo ngokokuvunywa nguMphathiswa, uMlawuli-Jikelele uya kufuna imvume yoMphathiswa ngeenguqulelo ezinjalo.
UMlawuli-Jikelele uya kwazisa uMphathiswa yonke iminyaka ngemisebenzi yonke edalwe yaze yahlelwa ngokwemigqaliselo yommiselwana wesi-2 c.
UMlawuli-Jikelele ngokubonisana noMphathiswa uya kumisa inkqubo yokudala nokuhlelwa kwemisebenzi.
UMphathiswa angamisela ukuba umntu aqeshwe ngokubhekiselele kumsebenzi owongezwe kwisiseko esizinzileyo kwaye angabeka imiqathango ngokubhekiselele kuloo ngqesho okanye umsebenzi.
UMlawuli-Jikelele angaqesha abantu ngemvumelwano ukuba babe yixalenye yesiseko esinzinzileyo esongeziweyo.
Le mimiselo iya kubizwa Isahluko 1 semimiselo kwaye iya kuqala ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kuJulayi 2001.
usuku lokusebenza luthetha usuku lokusebenza ngokokumiselwa nguMlawuli- Jikelele amaxesha ngamaxesha.
b kukwandlala imiqathango esebenza kwabo baqeshwe kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo, ngaphandle kwaloo miqathango inxulumene nemivuzo, izibonelelo nezinye iinzuzo ezinxulumene noko.
h uzimisele ukuba abe phantsi kwengqokelela yemithetho yokuziphatha yabasebenzi bezobuntlola, phantsi kowiso-mthetho lonke olusebenza kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo ngokwemeko layo nemimiselo nezikhokelo zeZiko loshishino okanye zeNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo.
Abenzi bezicelo abasayi kuqeshwa kwiZiko loShishino okanye kwiNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo, ngaphandle kokuba baphumelele uvavanyo lwezempilo, olwengqondo noviwo olunxulumene noko njengoko kunokufunwa liZiko loshishino okanye yiNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo ngexesha lokwenza isicelo.
g naluphi na elonye uxwebhu olunokufunwa amaxesha ngamaxesha liZiko loshishino okanye yiNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo.
Nanini na umenzi wesicelo kufuneka engenise uxwebhu njengobungqina aze angakwazi ukungenisa uxwebhu lwemveli okanye ikopi yoxwebhu engqinelweyo, umenzi wesicelo angangenisa ingxelo efungelweyo eqinisekisa oko kwaye echaza nesizathu sokungafumaneki koxwebhu lwemveli okanye ikopi engqinelweyo; ukuba uMlawuli-Jikelele kufuneka ethathe amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa inkcazo.
a uMlawuli-Jikelele angakhulula umntu otshintshelwe kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo osuka nakowuphi na umbutho wombuso ukuba loo mntu lowo msinyane phambi kokutshintshwa ebekumsebenzi osigxina kuloo mbutho wombuso.
b Ithuba lokulingwa lamagcisa afundayo asandula ukuqeshwa liya kulingana nelona xesha elincinane elifunekayo ukuze ufumane imfundo okanye uqeqesho lobugcisa olupheleleyo olufunwa liZiko loshishino okanye yiNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo.
UMlawuli-Jikelele angalandisa ithuba lokulingwa ngeenyanga ezintandathu ubuninzi ukuba uMlawuli-Jikelele unesizathu sokukholelwa ekubeni iZiko loshishino okanye iNkonzo iya kukuthanda oko, ngokwemeko leyo, ukuba enze oko, ngokuhambiselana neSahluko sesi-3 semimiselo.
Ukuba uMphathi Jikelele uyaqinisekisa ukuba ilungu elo belilingwa lithe ngethuba lokulingwa okanye ngethuba lokulingwa elandisiweyo kwiimeko zonke lazizalisekisa iimfuno zeziko loShoshino okanye zeNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo, ukuqeshwa okusigxina kwelungu elo kungaqinisekiswa.
Onke amalungu asandula ukuqeshwa, nabantu abatshintshwe kwisebe loMbuso nakwiMibutho esebenzisana norhulumente kungafuneka balingwe ithuba elimiselwe nguMlawuli-Jikelele.
a ilungu , kwasekuqaleni kwethuba lokulingwa liyayazi indlela yokusebenza nezinto ezifunekayo ukuze lizuze ukuqinisekiswa kokuqeshwa kwalo.
e ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo exeliweyo kwiSahluko sesi-3 semimiselo, xa kucingwa ngokugxothwa ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle, ukungemi kakuhle empilweni okanye ukungaziphathi kakuhle ilungu linikwa ithuba ukuba liyichaze imeko yalo, ngelo thuba ilungu lingancediswa ngummeli; ummeli lowo kufuneka abe lilungu leZiko loshishino okanye leNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
f ukuba ilungu liyabhubha, uMlawuli-Jikelele angagunyazisa abo bebexhomekeke kwilungu ukuba bahlale kule ndawo ithuba elithile elingadlulanga kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
Ngaphandle kokuthoba amalungelo amalungu njengoko echaziwe kuMgaqo-siseko, kodwa ngeenjongo yokugcina umthetho-siseko wokungathathi icala xa kufikwa kwezopolitiko njengoko kumisiwe kwiCandelo lesi-4 loMthetho necandelo le-195 loMgaqo-siseko, ilungu leZiko loshishino okanye leNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo lingathi ngasese libe lilungu lombutho wezopolitiko kodwa alinakusebenzisa isikhundla salo kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo ukukhuthaza okanye ukungcikiva naliphi na iqela lopolitiko.
c alinakupapasha okubhaliweyo okanye linike intetho yasesidlangalaleni ekhuthaza okanye engcikiva naliphi na iqela lopolitiko.
d Ilungu alinakubalilungu labalawuli beqela lezopolitiko ngaphandle kwemvume yoMlawuli-Jikelele.
Ilungu leZiko loshishino okanye leNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo elivumayo ukuba igama lalo lifakwe kumagama onyulo njengelungu lePalamente, lequmrhu lowiso-mthetho lephondo, lebhunga likamasipala liya kuthathwa njengeliyekileyo kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo ukususela ngomhla elivume ngawo ukuba igama lalo lifakwe kunyulo.
Ilungu leZiko loshishino okanye leNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo, kufuneka likulungele ukuba lingafumaneka ukuba lisebenze kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo, iiyure ezingama-24 ngemini: Oko kuya kwenzeka xa ilungu lazisiwe kwangexesha ngaphandle kokuba kukwiimeko ezingaphaya kolawulo lomntu.
Ngaphandle kokuphikisana namagatya akwisiqendwana 1, ilungu leZiko loshishino okanye leNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo, liya kungena emsebenzini kwaye lihlale emsebenzini ngamaxesha amiselwe ngumlawuli walo.
Imini yokusebenza iquka ixesha elithathelwa ukuphumla okunxulumene nobudlelwane basemsebenzini oko kutsho ukutya, ixesha langentsasa lokuphumla nelasemva kwemini.
Ilungu elifumana izipho ngenxa yokuba lililungu leZiko loshishino okanye leNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo, kufuneka lazise uMlawuli-Jikelele.
Umlawuli-Jikelele anganika isikhokelo ngendlela izipho ezifunyanwa ngamalungu emazigcinwe okanye zibhaliswe ngayo.
Ilungu liya kuzazisa ngokubhekiselele kumashishini ngendlela emiselwe nguMlawuli-Jikelele.
Umlawuli-Jikelele uya kugcina irejista yee-asethi zonke ezaziswe ngamalungu.
UMlawuli-Jikelele uya kuzazisa izipho ezifunyenwe nguye namashishini akhe kuMphathiswa.
b akanafumana nayiphi ikhomishini, intlawulo okanye umvuzo nakubanina okanye nakuliphi iziko ngaphandle kweZiko loshishino, ngokwemeko leyo ngeenkonzo zaseburhulumenteni okanye naziphina iinkonzo.
a ukuba ingaba ubulungisa nokuthembeka kwelungu okanye kweeNkonzo akunakudleleleka na b ukuba ingaba ukuzimela nokungathathi cala kwelungu okanye kweZiko loshishino okanye kweNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo, kuya kudlelelelwa na c ukuba ingaba isakhono sokusebenza selungu lisebenzela iZiko okanye inkonzo ngokwemeko leyo, singachaphazeleka kakubi.
Ilungu alinakusebenzisa imithombo yobutyebi nezinto zokusebenza zeZiko loShishino okanye zeNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo ukwenza umsebenzi okanye ukunika inkonzo nakubani na okanye nakuliphi iziko ingelilo iZiko loshishino okanye iNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
UMlawuli-Jikelele anganika isikhokelo ngokwenziwa komsebenzi onentlawulo ngamalungu eZiko loshishino okanye eNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo.
j ngenxa yokungabikho ngaphandle kwekhefu lemvume yoMlawuli-Jikelele k ngenxa yokujonga ukhuseleko; okanye l ngenxa yokuxhokonxa okanye ukuthatha inxaxheba kugwayimbo.
Ngaphandle kokuba uMlawuli-Jikelele umisela ngolunye uhlobo, ukuyeka kwelungu emsebenzini apho iinkqubo ezinxulumene nabasebenzi ezisekwe ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho zisajinga, azinakuqalisa de zigqitywe ezo nkqubo.
Ukuba ilungu liyayeka emsebenzini, uMlawuli-Jikelele angakuthatha oko kuyeka njengokukhutshwa emsebenzini.
b uMlawuli-Jikelele angaziphelisa iinkonzo zelungu nangaliphi na ixesha phambi kokuphelelwa kwethuba lesaziso sokuyeka emsebenzini ngaphandle kwelahleko kwayo nayiphi na inzuzo enxulumene nengqesho ilungu ebelinelungelo layo ekupheleni kwethuba lesaziso sokuyeka emsebenzini.
Lo mmiselo uya kubizwa ngokuba siSahluko sesi-2 semimiselo kwaye uya kuqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kuJulayi 2001.
UMphathiswa weeNkonzo zoBuntlola ukhupha imimiselo yoBulungisa kwiNgqesho ngokwemigqaliselo yegunya elinikwe yena ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lama-29 loMthetho weeNkonzo zoBuntlola, 1994 (uMthetho wama-38 wowe-1994).
Iqumrhu lokubonisana' lithatha iqumrhu lamalungu onyuliweyo asebenza njengabameli bamanye amalungu kwimibandela efuna kuboniswane phakathi kwamalungu nabalawuli.
Uxanduva losapho' luthetha uxanduva lwamalungu ngokunxulumene nabalingane babo, abantwana babo abaxhomekeke kubo okanye amanye amalungu osapho olusondeleyo abadinga ukukhathalelwa nokuxhaswa ngawo.
b ngokuphumeza amanyathelo enyathelo lokubonelela obo bebehlelelekile ukulwa izinto ezingalunganga kwingqesho eziviwa ngamaqela alathiweyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumelwa kwabo bantu ngobulungisa kuzo zonke izintlu namanqanaba okusebenza kumkhosi wokusebenza.
b kukulungiselela ubulungisa kwingqesho; nokulungiselela imibandela ehambelana noko.
g kukukhuthaza ukusebenza ngenkuthalo kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
UMlawuli- Jikelele uya kuthatha amanyathelo okukhuthaza amathuba alinganayo kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo ngokunqanda umkhethe ongafanelekanga nakuwuphi na umgaqo okanye kwinkqubo yengqesho.
Akukho mntu ongakhetha ilungu ngokungafanelekanga, ngokungqalileyo okanye ngokungangqalanga, nakuwuphi na umgaqo okanye inkqubo yengqesho, kwimeko enye okanye ngaphezulu, kuqukwa apho uhlanga, isini, ukukhulelwa, imo yomtshato, uxanduva losapho, imvelaphi yobuzwe okanye yentlalo, ibala, ukuziqhelanisa nezesini, ubudala, ukulimala, inkolo, imeko yeHIV, isazela, ukukholelwa, uluvo ngezepolitiki, inkcubeko, ulwimi nokuzalwa.
a ukuthatha amanyathelo enyathelo lokubonelela abebehlelelekile ahambelana neenjongo zesi sahluko; okanye b ukwahlula, ukukhupha ngaphandle okanye ukukhetha nawuphi na umntu ngenxa yeemfuno zomsebenzi lowo.
Ukunxwalwa kwelungu luhlobo lomkhethe ongafanelekanga kwaye kuyanqandwa oko nakubani na, okanye ukudityaniswa kwemihlaba yomkhethe engafanelekanga edweliswe kummiselwana wesi-2.
Ukuvavanyelwa impilo kwelungu akuvumelekanga ngaphandle kokuba kufanelekile ngenxa yempilo, iimeko zengqesho, umgaqo wezentlalo, ukwabiwa kweenzuzo zabaqeshwa okanye iimfuno zomsebenzi.
Ukuvavanywa kwempilo yelungu ukukhangela ukuba ume njani na kwicala le-HIV akuvumelekanga ngaphandle kokuba oko kuvavanywa kuhambelana nommiselwana.
c kwaye alunamkhethe nakuliphi na ilungu okanye iqela.
Ngokweenjongo zemimiselo 4, 5, & 6 , ilungu liya kuquka umenzi wesicelo sengqesho kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
Naliphi na ilungu elinengxwaba-ngxwaba ngokumalunga nesi Sahluko lingayisombulula ingxwaba-ngxwaba ngokulandela inkqubo yezikhalazo yangaphakathi yeZiko loshishino okanye yeNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
Ukuba le ngxwaba-ngxwaba ayisombululeki ngezi nkqubo zezikhalazo zangaphakathi, ilungu lingayidlulisela ingxwaba-ngxwaba ngokubhala phantsi kwiQela laBalamli elisekwe ngokwemigqaliselo yommiselo we-9 emva kweenyanga ezintandathu emva kwesenzo okanye ukushiyelelwa okubangela umkhethe ongafanelekanga.
Iqela laBalamli lingathi nangaliphi ixesha livumele ilungu elinesizathu esivakalayo ukudlulisela phambili ingxwaba-ngxwaba leyo nokuba lidlule elaa xesha lichazwe kummiselwana wesi-2.
a ikopi yokuthethwa ngako idluliselwe kulo lonke iqela elibandakanyekayo kwingxwaba-ngxwaba.
Isigqibo seQela laBalamli sesokugqibela.
UMphathiswa uya konyula abantu abangadlulanga kwisixhenxe abafanelekileyo ukuba babekwiQela laBalamli elijongene nokulamla iingxwaba-ngxwaba ezivela kwesi Sahluko.
Amalungu eQela laBalamli isenokungabi ngamalungu eZiko loShishino okanye leNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo: ukuba apho konyulwa abantu ngaphandle kweZiko loshishino okanye kweNkonzo , abantu abanjalo baya kuhluzwa ngokwenkqubo yezokhuseleko.
Iqela laBalamli ngexesha alisayi kubanamalungu angaphezu kwesithathu abonyulwe nguMphathiswa, omnye wabo uya kuba ngusihlalo.
UMphathiswa uya kumisa imigqaliselo yokonyulwa kwamalungu eQela laBalamli:ukuba intlawulo iya kumiselwa ngokweMiyalelo kaNondyebo.
b lingenza yonke imisebenzi efunekayo okanye encedayo ukusebenzisa elo gunya.
UMphathiswa uya kuqinisekisa ukuba iQela laBalamli liyayinikwa inkxaso yolawulo nekanobhala efunekayo ukuze likwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yalo.
Xa kusithiwa kukho umkhethe ongafanelekanga ngokwemigqaliselo yesi Sahluko, ilungu okanye umlawuli lowo utyholwayo kufuneka afumanise ukuba oko kufanelekile.
UMlawuli-Jikelele uya kuthi ukuze azuze ubulungisa kwingqesho, aphumeze amanyathelo enyathelo lokukhathalela abebehlelelekile kubantu bamaqela alathiweyo ngokwemigqaliselo yesi Sahluko.
a uya kubonisana nabameli bamalungu kwiQumrhu lokuBonisana leZiko loshishino okanye leNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
d Ngokuxhomekeke kummiselwana wesi-2, amanyathelo i okuqinisekisa ukumelwa ngobulungisa kwabantu abafanelekileyo abaphuma kumaqela alathiweyo kuzo zonke izintlu namanqaba engqesho kumkhosi wokusebenza ii okugcina nokuphuhlisa abantu abaphuma kumaqela alathiweyo kwaye kuphunyezwe namanyathelo angawo oqeqesho ngokokumiselwa nguMlawuli-Jikelele amaxesha ngamaxesha.
Ngokuxhomekeke kummiselo we-18, akukho nanye into kulo mmiselo efuna uMlawuli-Jikelele ukuba athathe isigqibo ngokubhekiselele kumgaqo okanye kwinkqubo yengqesho eya kuseka umqobo ekuqeshweni okanye ekuphuculweni kwabantu abangaphumi kumaqela alathiweyo.
UMlawuli-Jikelele uya kuthatha amanyathelo angawo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukubonisana okukuko phakathi kwabalawuli namalungu, kwaye kukho iinzame zokuba kufikelelwe ekuqondweni kwemibandela ekubhekiswe kuyo kummiselo we-14 kunye namalungu okanye namalungu abameleyo kwiQumrhu lokuBonisana.
Uhlahlelo olwenziwe ngokwemigqaliselo yommiselwana 1 luya kuquka umfanekiso womfuziselo njengoko kumiselwe weenkonzo kuluhlu nakwinqanaba ngalinye lengqesho ukuze kubonwe iqondo lokungamelwa kwabantu abaphuma kumaqela alathiweyo kwizintlu nakumanqanaba ohlukeneyo engqesho kwiinkonzo.
UMlawuli-Jikelele uya kwenza kulungiswe kwaye kuphunyezwe isicwangciso esingobulungisa kwingqesho, esiya kuzuza inkqubela eyiyo ejonge ubulungisa kwingqesho kwiZiko loshishino okanye kwiNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo.
i nomnye umbandela omiselweyo.
b uya kubona ukuba ingaba elo lungu linako na ukuwenza umsebenzi ngokwemigqaliselo yenye yezo zinto okanye naziphi na ezo zinto zidibene.
Ekufuneni ukuqonda phantsi kommiselwana wesi-4 uMlawuli-Jikelele akasayi kulikhetha ngokungafanelekanga ilungu ngenxa yokuba elo lungu lingenawo amava afunekayo.
Isicwangciso esingobulungisa kwingqesho singaqulatha nawaphi amanye amanyathelo ahambelana neenjongo zesi Sahluko.
Ingxelo ngokuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso esingobulungisa kwingqesho iya kungeniswa kuMphathiswa ngonyaka.
c uya kuthatha amanyathelo angawo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abalawuli bayawenza umsebenzi wabo.
Ukunika umlawuli uxanduva ngokwemigqaliselo yommiselwana 1 akumkhululi uMlawuli-Jikelele kumsebenzi wakhe oxelwe kwesi sahluko okanye nanguwuphi na omnye umthetho.
e naliphi elinye inqaku elimiselweyo.
UMhloli-Jikelele angenza uphononongo ukufuna ukuqonda ukuba ingaba uMlawuli-Jikelele uyawathobela na amagatya akwesi Sahluko.
UMhloli-Jikelele uya kwenza uphononongo ngendlela emiselwe nguye kwaye exhomekeke kumagatya oMthetho weeNkonzo zoBuntlola uMthetho wama-40 wowe-1994.
f izikhokelo zamalungu ngokubekwa phambili kwamaqela athile alathiweyo.
Naliphi na ilungu elidiza ulwazi oluyimfihlo olufunyenwe xa bekusenziwa umsebenzi ngokwemigqaliselo yesi Sahluko, laphula umthetho.
Abalawuli baya kubeka ekuhleni emsebenzini isaziso esinokufundwa esixelela amalungu ngamagatya esi Sahluko.
Abalawuli baya kwenzela amalungu ikopi yesicwangciso esingobulungisa kwingqesho ngenjongo yokuba basazi kwaye kuboniswane.
Abalawuli baya kuseka kwaye bagcine iingxelo ezingomkhosi wokusebenza weZiko loshishino okanye weNkonzo, ngokwemeko leyo, isicwangciso esingobulungisa kwingqesho kwakunye naluphi na olunye ulwazi olufanelekileyo ekuphunyezweni kwesi Sahluko.
Ilungu ngalinye leZiko loshishino okanye leNkonzo elinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba elinye ilungu laphule okukwesi Sahluko linoxanduva olusemthethweni lokunika ingxelo ngombandela lowo kumlawuli walo okanye kwigunya elifanelekileyo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwicandelo lesi-4 loMthetho, uMlawuli-Jikelele uya kuthatha amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu, imigaqo yobuntlola nemigaqo ehambelana nezobuntlola nokwaziwa kwemithombo yolwazi, konke oku kukhuselekile kwabo bangafanele kukwazi.
Le mimiselo kuya kuthiwa siSahluko sesi-6: Ubulungisa kwiNgqesho, kwaye iya kuqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kuJulayi 2001 ngesaziso sangaphakathi esikhutshwe nguMphathiswa sisiya kuwo onke amalungu.
Izikhokelo zoMlawuli Jikelele ezixelwe kumhlathi wama-20 ziya kuvakaliswa ngomhla woku-1 ku-Okthobha 2001.
Izikhokelo zeZiko loshishino okanye zeNkonzo ngokwemeko leyo, ngemibandela ekubhekiswe kuyo kwimimiselo yama-201 esebenzayo xa kuqalisa le mimiselo ziya kuqhuba zisebenza kude kuvakaliswe ezitsha ngaphandle kokuba ezo zikhokelo ziyangqubana nale mimiselo okanye noMgaqo-siseko.
Inkqubo yezikhalazo nequmrhu lokubonisana elisekwe nguMlawuli-Jikelele ziya kuhlala zisebenza kude kuvakaliswe imimiselo yobudlewane emsebenzini exelwe kwicandelo le-16 loMthetho Gabalala olungisiweyo woMthetho wezoBuntlola, 2000.
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Umpathiswa wezeMpilo uthe phantsi kwezi ziqendu zilandelayo 19 (a),16 ,27 ,29 (a), 33 , 3(b) , 5(a) no 7(a), 35 (c),44 47 , 48 , 57 66 no 67. zoMthetho wokongiwa kweMpilo yeNgqondo, 2002 (uMthetho NA.17 ka 2002) wenza lemimiselo iqulathwe kwisihlomelo.
Isaziso sokutshintswa kwezigulane zikaRhulumente okanye amabanjwa agula ngengqondo phakathi kwamaziko empilo.
Isahluko 5 : Inkqubo zotyando; unyango ngamayeza nokunyanga ngobuchule bokunyanga ngamayeza.
Abanengqondo ebuthathaka kakhulu. Isocelo esiya kumongameli wenkundla ephakamileyo sokunyula umlawuli.
indawo ezinikezela ngonyango" kuthetha iziko lonyango elinikezela ngonyango olungundoqo isibhedlele sabucala"kuthethwa isibedlele esingekho phantsi kukaRhulumente okanye asingahlawulelwa nguRhulmente ukubekwa bucala" kuthetha ukuhlaliswa komyangwa kwindawo apho ukuhamahamba kwake kuthintelwayo uMthetho"kuthetha uMthetho woKwangiwa kweMpilo yeNgqondo 2002(uMthetho Na.17 ka 2002).
Umntu ofuna okanye okucingwa ukuba ufuna ukongiwa impilo yengqondo makathi ngokwesiqhelo azizise kwiziko lempilo elinikezela ngonyango olungundoqo.
b athunyelwe kumntu oqeqeshelwe ukunyanga impilo yengqondo kubahlali ukuze avavanywe kuthi ukuba unyango luyafuneka anyangelwe kubahlali; okanye c athunyelwe esibhedlele avavanywe nje okanye avavanywe alaliswe.
Umnyangwa owongiwa impilo yengqondo ofuna unyango olukunqanaba lwesithathu okanye unyango lweencutshe zonyango lwengqondo makathunyelwe kwiziko lempilo olunikezela ngonyango olo lufunekayo.
Umnyangwa owongiwa impilo yengqondo othunyelwe kwinqanaba lwesibini okanye lwesithathu, othi emva kokuba ekhutshiwe kunyango afune ukulandelelwa ngonyango olungundoqo oluphezulu makathunyelwe kwelonqanaba aze ongiwe anyangwe abuyiselwe.
Xa intloko yeziko lempilo isenza izigqibo phantsi kwale mimiselo ethi ibengaphandle komsebenzi aqeqeshelwe wona makavumelane nabanye abantu abaqeqeshelwe impilo yengqondo abafanelekileyo.
Abantu abonga abantu abagula ngengqondo bangatyelela amakhaya nemisebenzi yabantu abo bagula ngengqondo okanye ababuthathaka ngokwasengqondweni kwezondawo zisemagolokonxeni basebenzela kuzo, ukuba ngaba oloncedo luyafuneka banyangwe babuyiselwe esimeni sabantu abagula ngengqondo.
Inkqubo nendawo abahlali abanokuthi bonge, banyange baze bancede ukubuyisela kwisimo esisiso somntu onengxaki yokugula ngengqondo mazenziwe zibekho apho kunokwenzeka.
Iinkonzo ezenziwe ngamaqumrhu axelwe kummiselwana 2 angathi ngokomsebenzi abawuqeqeshelweyo baquke ukonga ngamayeza, indawo yokuhlala yabahlali, iindawo zokucebisana, imibutho yokuncedisana nokunyanga isifo zengqondo ngapjandle kwamayeza, ubuchule ngenkqubo zokubuyeselwa kwisimo esisiso kokwasemfundweni, inqubo zokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso kokwasemzimbeni okanye ezinye inkonzo ezinokunceda empilweni yomntu ogula ngengqondo.
URhulumente makanikezele ngoncedo lwemali kumaqumru angengomaqumru kaRhulumente okanye kumaqumrhu anikezela ngeenkonzo ngokuthanda linga jonganga ntlawulo ukuze akwazi ukunikezela ngeenkonzo zokonga kubahlali, unyango nokubuyisela kwisimo esisiso abantu abagula ngengqondo ukuze kukwazi ukufezekiswa iimfuno zoMthetho.
a makaxele kwibhodi yokuhlola enxulumene nokongokwe fomu MHCA02 ye candelo;okanye b angamangala kuMalungu eNkonzo zaMapolisa oMzantsi Afrika.
Nawuphi na umntu okanye iziko leMpilo elonga, linyange lize libuyisele kwisimo esisiso umnyangwa owongiwa impilo yengqondo okanye limgenise esibhedlela lomnyangwa kwiimeko ezixelwe kwisiqendu 9 (c) soMthetho, makanike ongxelo ebhaliweyo yalonto wkifomu MHCA01 kwisifakelo lweBhodi yokuHlola enxulumene nokho.
Isicelo sokongiwa kwempilo yengqondo ngokuncediswa masenziwe ngumtu oxelwe kwisiqendu 27 soMthetho mayenziwe kwifomu MCHA04 wesifakelo.
Apho umenzi sicelo angakwazi ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu ukuze agcwalise isicelo esibhaliweyo, makancediswe lelinye ilungu labaqeshwa beloziko lempilo elixeliweyo.
Isicelo esixelwe kummiselwana 1masibe khona kwelo ziko lempilo apho kukho abantu ababini abaqeqeshelwe ukunyanga izigulo zenqondo abakwazi ukuxilonga loomguli ngokumalunga nesiqendu 274 soMthetho.
Isicelo esixelwe kummiselwana 1 masithi , apho sithe sagcwaliswa singeniswe kwintloko yeziko yempilo.
Ekugqityweni koxilongo oluxelwe kummiselwana 3, abantu abaqeqeshelwe ukunyanga impilo yengqondo mabafake iziphumo soxilongo lwabo ezikwifom MCHA04 kwisifakelo, kwintloko yeziko lempilo elo.
Iziko lempilo elingakwazi ukwenza uxilongo oluxelwe kwisiqedu 24 soMthetho malithumele umenzi sicelo kwelimnye iziko lempilo elikufutshane elenza eloxilongo.
Intloko yeziko lempilo elo mayinike isaziso ngokwe siqendu 279 soMthetho kumenzi sicelo sikwifomu MCHA05 secandelo esithi sichaze isigqivo sakhe malunga nesicelo sokongiwa ngokuncediswa, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kisimo esisiso nezizathu zesosigqibo.
Intloko yeziko lonyango elo mayithi kokwesiqendu 281 soMthetho, zingaphelanga intsuku ezisixhenxe zesosigqibo sakhe esixelwe kummiselo 7 athumele okopi yesicelo sokongiwa okuncediswayo, Sonyango nokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso, iye kwiBhodi yokuhlola ihambe nekopi lweziphumo zoxilongo lwabantu ababini abaqeqeshelwe ukunyanga izigulo zengqondo abaxelwe kummiselwana 5 kunye nekopi yesaziso sommiselwana 7.
IBhodi yoHlolo leyo mayithi emva kokufumana iincwadi ezixelwe kummiselwana 8 yaye emva kokugqiba ukwenza uphando ngokwesiqendu 282 soMthetho, yaye zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30, enze ingxelo ngeziphumo zophando lwakhe nesigqibo sentloko yeziko lwempilo esekelwe oko, umenzi sicelo nentloko yeSebe lePhondo elinxulumene noko, kwiFomu MHCA 04 yesifakelo.
Isicelo sonyango lwempilo yengqondo ngonyanzeliso ngumntu oxelwe kwisiqendu 33 soMthetho masenziwe kwiFomu MHCA 04 wesifakelo.
Apho umenzi sicelo angakwazi, nangasiphi na isizathu ukugcwalisa isicelo esibhaliweyo, lo menzi sicelo makancediswe lilungu labasebenzi lelo ziko lempilo.
Isicelo esixelwe kummiselwana 1 masibekho kuwo wonke amaziko empilo apho kukho okunani abantu ababini abaqeqeshelwe ukunyanga izigulo zengqondo abanokukwazi ukuxilonga umguli lowo ngokwesiqendu 334 soMthetho.
Isicelo esikwiFomu exelwe kummiselwana 1 kufuneka xa sithe sagcwaliswa sifakwe kwintloko yeziko lempilo.
Ekugqityweni koxilongo oluxelwe kummiselwana 3, abo bantu baqeqeshelwe ukunyanga izigulo zengqondo mabanike iziphumo zolo xilongo lwabo kwiFomu MHCA 05 zecandelo, kwintloko yeziko lwempilo elo.
Iziko lempilo elingakwazi ukwenza uxilongo oluxelwe kwisiqendu 334 soMthetho malithumele ummenzi sicelo lowo kwiziko lempilo elikufutshane elinikezela ngolo xilongo.
Intloko yeZiko lempilo elo mayinike isaziso ngokwesiqendu 338 soMthetho kumenzi sicelo kwiFomuMHCA 07 wesifakelo, sesigqibo sakhe malunga nesicelo sokongiwa okunyanzeliswayo, unyango nokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso nezizathu zeso sigqibo.
Uvavanyo oluxelwe kwisiqendu oluxelwe kwisiqendu 34 soMthetho malwenziwe malunga neFomuMHCA 06 lwecandelo.
Ugqirha owenza ulolongo oluxelwe kwisiqendu 34 soMthetho angathi aseke inkqubo nendawo apho umongiwa onyangwa impilo yengqondo kufuneka egcinwe iiyure eziyi 72 zololongo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwaloo mnyangwa nabanye abantu.
Ukuba ngaba iimeko kwelo ziko lempilo azilulungelanga ulolongo lweyure eziyi 72 okanye abasebenzi kwelo ziko lempilo abakwazi ukumelana nomnyangwa lowo ngenxa yokuba umnyangwa lowo anganobungozi kuye nakwabanye abantu okanye kwimpahla ukuba uhleli kwelo ziko lonyango, elo ziko lonyango malimtshintshe umnyangwa lowo limse kwelinye iziko elinabasebenzi abakulungeleyo oko okanye elinezixhobo zokusebenza ezifanelekileyo ukuba kwenziwe olo lolongo.
Ugqirha oxelwe kummiselwana 2 makenze ingxelo yokugula yethutyana yako nakuphi na ukugula ngengqondo aze aqalise unyango ngokwemigaqo yokunyanga engumkhombandlela ngokukhawuleza.
Ugqirha makahlole imeko yempilo yengqondo kufutshane anike inkcazelo evela kwintloko emiselwe impilo ejongene nezinga lengqondo mayelana ne yure eziyi 24 kwiyure eziyi 72 kwixesha lohlolo.
Ukuba ngaba intloko yeziko lempilo elo emva kovavanyo lweeyure ezingama-72 linembono zokuba imo yegqondo yomnyangwa ogula ngengqondo ifuna ukuba aphinde asiwe kulongiwa olunyanzeliswayo, unyango nokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso ehleli ngaphandle makathi axhelele iBhodi yoHlolo kwifomu MHCA 09 wecandelo elo.
Ukuba ngaba intloko yeziko elo emva kohlolo lweeyure ezinghama-72 inembono yokuba imo yengqondo yomnyangwa ogula ngengqondo ifuna ukuba afumane iinkonzo zokongiwa ngokunyanzeliswa, unyango nokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso engaphakathi, kufuneka acele iBhodi yohlolo kwifomu MHCA 08 yecandelo ukuba ivume okunye ukongiwa, ukunyagwa nokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso ukuba iBhodi yohlolo mayithi zingaphelanga intsuku eziyi 30 ifumene incwadi ezixelwe kwisiqendu 343ci ithumele isigqibo malunga nokuphinde kongiwe ngokonyanzeliso, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso engaphakathi umnyangwa lowo kwifomu MHCA 14 yesifakelo aze anike izizathu kumenzi sicelo nentloko yeziko lempilo.
Intloko yesebe lephondo mayinikezele onke amaziko empilo aphantsi kuka Rhulumente, amaziko empilo abucala ephondo, amalungu enkonzo zamapolisa o mzantsi Afrika nesebe lezeMpilo likaZwelonke elikweso sithili sephondo elinikezela uvavanyo lwe yure iziyi 72 eluxelwe kwisiqendu 34 salomthetho.
b esingeniswe kwintloko yeziko lempilo apho izicelo malunga nesiqendu 27 soMthetho esenziwe ngokukhawulezileyo kwiBhodi yeoHlolo.
b sangangeniswa kwintloko yeziko lempilo apho isicelo malunga nesiqendu 33 soMthetho asenze khona, othi ngokukhawulezileyo kufakwe isicelo kwiBhodi yoHlolo ngokujongene nayo.
Ukuba isicelo esichasene nesigqibo esixeliweyo kwisiqendu 27 kunye nesama 33 somthetho sokunikesela ulolong okanye ulongo olunyanzelikileyo, unyango nokubuyisela kwisimo esisiso esenziwe yoBhodi yoHlolo, unobhala othi iBhodi yoHlolo mayiqinisekise ukuba onke amaxwebu malunga nesiqendu 29 no 35 soMthetho esifumaneke sakhutshwa kumalungu eBhodi yoHlolo ngokucinane kwiveki enye phambi kokuba isicelo sijongwe yiBhodi yezoHlolo.
Unobhala weBhodi yoHlolo makazise umbheni ngencwadi ebhaliweyo, umntu oxelwe kusiqendu 271 okanye 331 soMthetho onxulumene nabanyangwa abongiwa impilo yengqondo ngugqira, intloko yeziko lempilo naye nawuphi na umntu iBhodi yoHlolo ecinga ukuba ubalulekile kumamelo lwesicelo, ngosuku lwesicelo, nokuba sibhaliwe okanye sithethiwe, loo ngxaki mayisiwe kwiBhodi yoHlolo.
Ibhodi yoHlolo mayinike isaziso sokuhlalewa kwesicelo ngokuncinane iiveki ezimbini phambi kolo suku lokuhlalelwa kwesicelo.
Bhodi yoHlolo ingabiza naye nawuphi na umntu ngefomu yeMHCA18 yeSihlomelo avele phambi kwayo nje ngengqina elizokunikezala ngobungqina okanye ikhuphe nayiphi na incwadi, uxwebu olushicilelweyo okanye nayphi na into, enezimvo ezinxulumene neBhodi yoHlolo malunga nezicelo.
Umntu oxelwe kummiselo 5 makenzelwe imbuyiselo ngengxowa mali ebekwe lisebe lephondo ejongene naziphi na indleko loomntu angazifumana kukoyohlalela umanyelo lwesicelo.
Ukuba immo yengqondo yomnyangwa owongiwa impilo yengqondo ifuna ukuba aphinde afumane, ukongiwa, unyango nokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso olunyanzeliswayo engaphandle ngokwesiqendu 34 okanye 34 soMthetho, intloko yeziko lempilo mayinikezele umgcini wakhe ngoludwe lwenkqubo nemeko ezinxulumene nokongiwa engaphandle, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso somongiwa lowo, kwifomu MHCA10 yeSihlomelo.
Uludwe lwemeko ezixelwe kummiselwana 1 mazifundelwe unyangwa owongiwa impilo yengqondo kunye nomgcini wakhe okanye kufundwe kuguqulwe kwiilwimi zobuRhulumente anokuthi loo mnyangwa aziqonde.
i lowo ubuyele kwisimo apho angafaka yena okanye abanye abantu engozini ukuba uhlala engumnyangwa wangaphandle onyanzeliswayo; okanye ii imiqathango yonyango engaphandle yophulwe.
c onke amaziko empilo axelwe kumimiselwana 3b andc;kunye d neBhodi yoHlolo leyo.
Umnyangwa owongiwa impilo yengqondo ongayamkeli imiqathango emalunga nokongiwa, nokunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwisimo esisiso ngesinyanzeliso engaphandle, makahlale engumnyangwa owongiwa impilo yengqondo.
Umgcini olawula umnyangwa owamkela unyango lokwangiwa impilo yengqondo uthenjwe ukuba angathatha naluphi na uxanduva lwaloomyangwa xa lomnyangwa ekutshiwe kwiziko lempilo ngokujongene nokuba umnyanga lowo ufumana unyango lwangaphakathi.
a apho isimo somongiwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo sizakujongwa, sihlolwe; kwaye b apho unyango luzakunikezelwa khona, umgcini makacele ngencwadi ebhaliweyo kwintloko yeziko lempilo malunga nokutshintshelwa kwalomnyangwa kwelinye iziko lezempilo.
Amalungiselelo otshintsho oluxelwe kwisiqendu sama 34 (b) soMthetho makenziwe kwifomu MHCA11 yongezelelo phakathi kweentloko zesibedlele sengqondo, uo neziko elijongene nokonga nobuyiselo kwisimo esisiso kunye nentloko yeziko lempilo apho imnyangwa onyanzeliswayo alaliswe khona.
apho sicelwe ngokwesiqendu 8 okanye 34 okanye , umnyangwa owamkela unyango nokwangiwa impilo yengqondo angatshintshelwa ukusuka kunyango lwangaphakathi asiwe kolwangaphandle okanye kolwangaphandle asiwe kolwangaphakathi kusetyenziswa ifomu yeMHCA12 yesongzelelo.
Amalungiselelo otshintsho axelwe kummiselwana 1 makenziwe phakathi kwentloko zesibhedlele sengqondo kunye nentloko yeziko lezempilo apho umnyangwa onyanzeliswayo ongiwa engaphandle enziwa uvavanyo khona.
Apho utshintshosele lwenziwe isaziso solotshintsho masingeniswe kwiveki ezimbini yintloko yeziko lempilo kwiBhodi yezoHlolukuba ilujonge ngokwesiqendu 34 soMthetho.
soMthetho, masenziwe kwifomu yeMHCA13 yeSihlomelo.
b uhlolo lwesibini malenziwe ngugqira wengqondo ngenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini emva kohlolo lokuqala oluchaswe kumhlathi a kunye c uhlolo malenziwe qho emva kwenyanga ezingamashumi anesibini ngaphandle kokuba uhlolo olulolunye malenziwe ngomnye ugqirha.
Intloko yeziko lempilo ingathi ngokwesiqendu 43 okanye 54 soMthetho kwifomu yeMHCA19 yeSihlomelo icele kwiBhodi yoHlolo utshintsho lomnyangwa kaRhulumente okanye ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo lisiwe kwelinye iziko lempilo elinokhuseleko oluluqilima.
Ukuba iBhodi yoHlolo iyavuma ngokwesiqendu 39 soMthetho intloko yeziko lempilo exelwe kwisimiselo 20 , loBhodi yoHlolo ingathi ngefomu yeMHCA20 yeSihlomelo inike umyalelo wotshintsho lomnyangwa oncediswayo okanye onyanzeliswayo asiwe kwiziko lempilo elunokhuseleko oluluqilima.
soMthetho isicelo sentloko yeziko lempilo ngoku bhekisele kummiselo 20 onkanye , looBhodi yoHlolo ingathi kwifomu yeMHCA20 yeSihlomelo iyalele utshintsho lwesigulane sikaRhulumente okanye ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo ukuba liye kwelinye iziko lempilo olinokhuseleko ululuqilima.
Umntu okanye iziko eliyalela utshintsho ngokwesiqendu 54 soMthetho, makazise, kwintsuku ezilishumi elinesine zolotshintsho, kwifomu yeMHCA21 yeSihlomelo makazise intloko yentolongo apho ibanjwa ligcinwe khona.
Intloko yeSebe lezeMpilo kaZwelonke mayithi emva kokuba ifumene umyalelo obhekiselelwe kwisiqendu 42 soMthetho owenza amalungiselel omalunga nesiqendu 42 somthetho okwifomu yeMHCA23 yesonongezelelo sotshintsho lwesigulane sikaRhulumente sisuka kwiziko lokugcinwa lisisiwa kwiziko lempilo malunga nesiqendu 41 soMthetho.
Nangani intloko yeSebe lezeMpilo likaZwelonke yenze isigqibo malunga nesiqendu 432 soMthetho sokuba umnyangwa kaRhulumente makatshintshelwe kuyiphi na indawo yokugcinwa, intloko yeSebe lePhondo efanelekileyo ingathi ngokwesiqendu 431 soMthetho yenze amalungiselelo okuba umnyangwa kaRhulumente atshintshwe aye kwelinye iziko lempilo ngefomu MHCA24 yeSihlomelo malunga nesiqendu 41 soMthetho.
Intloko yesebe lempilo ingathi kwimeko ezingaqhelekanga nasemva kwemvume kagqira wempilo yengqondo, isicelo esincedisana nenkonzo yamaPolisa omZantsi Afrika malunga notshintsho lomnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo, umnyangwa kaRhulumente okanye ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo.
Isicelo esixelwe ngummiselwana 1 masenziwe qho ukuba intloko yezempilo yonelisekile ukuba olo lolongo nonyango olunikwe lomnyangwa okanye inzame zokunikela ulolongo zenziwe yaye intloko inoluvo lokuba umnyangwa lowo, umnyangwa kaRhulumente okanye ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo linobungozi kakhulu ukuba lingatshintshwa ngesithuthi esikhwele ngamagosa empilo kuphela okanye singaqhwesha gaphandleni kokuba sigadiwe.
Umnyangwa owongiwa impilo yengqondo oxelwa ngummiselwana 1 ofanele ukuba atshintshwe angagcinwa emapoliseni ixesha elingekho ngaphezulu kwiyure ezengama 24 ngenjongo zokulungiselela utshintsho olo.
IGosa lezempilo malikhaphe umnyangwa owamkela unyango lempilo yengqondo oxelwa ngummiselwana 1 ngexesha lotshintsho.
a asiwe kwiziko lempilo eliphantsi lolawulo lukaRhulumente, elidweliswe ngokwemiqathango yomthetho we-12 lisebe lephondo elibandakanyekayo, ukuze kuhlolwe isimo sengqondo saloo mntu; kunye b nokuba anikezelwe kusetyenziswa ifom ye-MHCA 22 yeSIhlomelo ekhululelwa kwintloko yeziko lempilo okanye nawuphi na omnye umntu owonyulwe yintloko yesebe leziko ukuba amkele abantu abanjalo.
a yazise intloko yeziko lempilo ukuba umnyangwa onjalo ubanjiwe kwaye uselugcinweni lweNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika; kwaye b anike ulwazi oluphathelene nemeko yomzimba kunye nengqondo aloo mnyangwa ilungu elazisayo elinokuyinika.
Intloko yeziko lezempilo elixelwa ngummiselwana 1, ukuba immeko zifuna ukuba, kuthathwe amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukuba ughirha ovela kwiziko elikufutshane nesikhululo samapolisa apho umnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo uphantsi kogcino lwamaplisa khona okanye kwogqira wengqondo, ehlola ukuba umnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo unikwa unyango olufunekayo kwisithili samapolisa okanye kwiziko lezempilo elikufutshane.
a anganobungozi ukuba angatshintshwa ngesithuthi esikhwele abezempilo bodwa;okanye b angathanda ukuqwesha ukuba xa etshintshwa ngapandle kokuba ugadiwe.
lomongiwa kufuneka ahanjiswe ziiNkonzo zamPolisa omZantsi Afrika okanye ilungu elinye elisuka kumapolisa omZantsi Afrika.
Umntu oxelwe kwisiqendu 47 soMthetho apho umgcini ingengomgcini osemthethweni okanye olawula isigulane sikaRhulumente makenze isicelo ngefomu yeMHCA29 yeSihlomelo kwijaji ese-ofisini malunga nokukhutshwa komnyangwa kaRhulumente.
Angacela, kw ifomu yeMHCA30 yeSihlomelo kwijaji ese-ofisini ukuba kukhutshwe isigulane sikaRhulumente ngaphandle kwemiqathango.
Yakuba ijaji ijonge isicelo ingenza isinqumo sokuba MHCA31 sokuba umnyangwa kaRhulumente akhutshwe ngaphandle kwemiqathango.
Ukuba intloko yeziko lezempilo emva kokufumana ingxelo exelwe kwisiqendu 49 soMthetho yaye inezi zizathu zokuba umnyangwa kaRhulumente akayithobelanga yonke imiqathango emalunga okanye immo yakhe yehlile ngokwasempilweni loo ntloko kufuneka ukuba isebenzise ifomu yeMHCA34 yeSihlomelo ngenjongo zesiqendu 48 soMthetho.
Akukho nzululwazi yonyango lwengqondo enokunyanga umnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo ongakwaziyo ukunika imvume malunga kuhlinzwa kwakhe.
Umyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo okwaziyo ukunika incazelo kwi nzululwazi leyo yonyango lwengqondo, makanike loo mvume ngobhalo.
Phambi kokuba nayo nayiphi na inzululwazi yonyango lwengqondo inyange umnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo, ingxelo yolonyango eyenziwe yaze yasayinwa ubuncinane ngoogqira bengqondo ababini mabachaze ngezimvo zabo ngalo lonke unyango lwempilo yengqondo obe lusetyenzisiwe lwaze alaphumelela noqhaqho ukuba luyafuneka.
Uqhaqho lungenziwa kuphela yinzululwazi ngonyango lwengqondo ebhalisiweyo evumileyo ukwenza eloqhaqho.
Unyango lombane oloxhuzulo lomzimba kufuneka lulawulwe ngugqira oqeqeshelwe uvavanyo lwempilo yengqondo kwaye maluphatwe ngokusetyenziswe iyeza lokuphelisa intlungu nomculo oyekelelisayo.
Akukho mnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo ongena kunyango lombani oloxhuzulo mzimba olugqithe kwisinye, kwiyure ezingama 24,kwaye olonyango malungabikho qho ngentsuku ezahlukeneyo.
Unikezelo lwesimiselo 37 ngokunxulumene nemvume ebhaliweyo mayithotyelwe kunyango lombani oluxhuzula umzimba.
Iziko lezempilo phantsi koncedo likaRhulumente okanye iziko elizimeleyo lingenza unyango lombane loxhuzulo lomzimba ngomashini ukuba livunyelwe yintloko yesebe lephondo.
Ukusetyenziswa konyango olulalisayo aluvumelekanga kumnyangwa onyangelwa impilo yengqondo.
Umnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo onyanzeliswayo, oncediswayo, umnyangwa kaRhulumente okanye ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo okwaziyo ukunika imvume ngencazelo yonyango okanye uqhaqho, malunike imvume yokufumana unyango okanye uqhaqho okanye hayi.
Apho ugqira wempilo yengqondo ecinga ukuba isigulane asikwazi ukunika imvume yonyango okanye uqhaqho ngenxa yengulo yengqondo okanye ubuthathaka ngokwasengqondweni , umgcini wasemthethweni, ukuba inkundla sele imonyule, umyeni okanye umfazi okanye isizalwane, okanye umnonopheli, umntwana ongaphezulu keminyaka engama 18, usisi nobhuti, okanye iqabane linganikezela ngemvume yonyango okanye uqhaqho.
b ukuba ezinye iindlela zixoxiwe nentloko yeziko lezempilo okanye intloko yezio elinelayisenisi iyanela ukuba olona ncedo lubalulekileyo nolufunekayo malwenziwe.
Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zoomatshini zokuthintela makungangasetyenziselwa ukutshitshwa komnyangwa owamkela unyango lempilo yengqondo kwiziko lempilo ngaphandle kokuba iindlela zamayeza okanye iinzame zokuthomalalisa ubundlobongela zokunqanda ukushukuma komzimba zisetyenzisiwe zaza azanceda isigulane singazenzakalisi okanye senzakalise abanye abantu.
Apho indlela zoomatshini zokuthintela zifunekayo ukulungiselela ukunikezela ngamayeza oko kuthintela kungenziwa ngexesha olufutshane ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko zalowo ugula ngengqondo nje ngokuba kufuneka kuze kwenziwe unyango.
Ngexesha umnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo ephantsi kothintelo, kufuneka ahlale eqwalaselwe ubuncinane imizuzu engama 30 kwaye oloqwalaselo malushicilelwe kwincwadi yonyango.
c intloko yeziko lempilo mayinifumane ingxelo mihla le ebonisa zonke iziganeko ezibandakanya iindlela zoomatshini zokuthintela.
masingeniswe liziko lezempilo kwiBhodi yoHlolo kanye ngekota kwifomu yeMHCA48 yeSihlomelo.
Umnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo angangahlaliswa yedwa nje ngesohlwayo kwaye ukuhlaliswa yedwa kungasetyenziswa ukuzama ukunqanda isimo sengqondo esiphazamiseke kakhulu , nesingayingozi kwabanye abantu.
b ixesha apho umnyangwa owamkela unyango lwempilo yengqondo kufuneka ukuba ahleliswe yedwa kunye nezizathu zoko, mazichazwe ngokuphandle kwirejista ngugqira; kunye c intloko yeziko lempilo mayifumane ingxelo mihla le ebonisa zonke iziganeko zolwenziwo kheswa.
Isishwankathelo serejista exelwe kummiselwana 2 masingeniswe liziko lempilo kwiBhodi yezoHlolo qho ngekota kwifomu yeMHCA48 yeSihlomelo.
Intloko yeziko lempilo exelwe kummiselo 44 ngenyanga mayingenise kwintloko yesebe lephondo ukubuyiselwa kwenani lwezigulane, isimo sazo esisemthethweni kunye nenkcukaca ezixelwe kummiselo 44(a).
Xa umntu oxelwe ngummiselwana 2 ephandiwe, loomntu makatshintshwe kuncediswana neeNkonzo zaMapolisa oMzantsi Afrika ukusiwa kuloo ndawo atshintshelwa kuyo loomntu ahlala, okanye enye indawo, nqu nesibhedlele sonyango lwezengqondo, esilungiselelwe uphando ngaphandle kokuba amaphepha anxulumene nophando athunyelwe nomntu kwindawo athunyelwe kuyo.
Isicelo sonikezelo lwephepha-mvume malunga nokusebenza esibhedlele masenziwe sihambelane nemithetho yezempilo ngokubanzi.
Ngokongezelela kwiphepha-mvume elixelwe kummiselwana 1.
b isibhedlele sihlolwe kwaphicothwa iincwadi zemali ngamagosa esebe lephondo elibandakanyekayo kwaye kwafumaniseka sifanelekile ukugcina umnyangwa onyangwa impilo yengqondo oncediswayo okanye ozitahndeleyo.
"Ofanelekileyo ukugcina"- ngummiselo 3b ngonyanzeliso okanye a iwadi etshixekayo ukongeza kwiwadi evulelekileyo b ugqira wempilo yengqondo kunye nogqira wengqondo kunye namagosa awo aqeqeshiweyo ekucingelwa ukuba anokwenza nawuphi na imsebenzi c inkqubo zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kumnyangwa owamkela unyango malunga nempilo yengqondo oncediswayo okanye onyanzeliswayo sisibhedlele d inkqubo yonyango lwempilo yengqondo ngokwasekuhlaleni ephuculiweyo.
Ukuba imeko yephepha mvume elixelwe ngummiselo 5 ayithotyelwanga, isebe lesizwe elibandakanyekayo, lingalirhoxisa elo phepha mvume.
f ukuba iphepha mvume alidluliselwa.
Umongikazi osebenza njengegosa elikhathalela abanyangwa bempilo yengqondo ngokwemiqathango yomThetho kufuneka ukuba abhaliswe njengomongikazi wezifo zengqondo kwiBhunga laboNgikazi loMzantsi Afrika kwaye kufuneka ukuba abenamava okungenani onyaka omnye okusebenza emva klobhaliso olunjalo esebenza kwiziko lempilo, apho okungenanai iipesenti ezingama-50 zabanyangwa kufunyaniswe ngoxilongo ukuba banempazamiseko engqondweni.
Uhlolo oluxelwe kummiselwana 2 maluqhutywe yikomiti equlathe aabameli beSebe lezeMfundo lePhondo, iSebe leSizwe kunye neSebe leSizwe lophuhliso lweNtlalo ngokungqinelana noluhlul lwemisebenzi kunye nangokudibana nomntu obandakanyekayo.
Nasiphi na isigqibo malunga nobeko lomnyangwa masivunywe yintloko yeSebe lezeMfundo lephondo elibandakanyekayo.
Ukukhutshwa ngaphandle komntu kwimfundo enyanzeliwayo okwenziwa kukuba umntu egula ngengqondo okanye ekhubazeke ngokwasemqondweni makwenziwe yikomoti emiselwe kummiselwana 3 kwaye ibe ngokusekelwe kumgangatho wokusebenza komnyangwa obandakanyekayo.
Isicelo esiya kuMnumzana weNkundla ePhakamileyo ukuze kuqeshwe umlawuli uMnumzana weNkundla ePhakamileyo kufuneka enze isigqiboesimiselwe kwicandelo lama-60 lomThetho ngokwemiqathango yefom ye-MHCA 40.
Abanyangwa abasebenzisa unyango lwempilo yengqondo ngokunganyanzeliswa okanye ngokuncediswa, mabahlolwe baze bahlawuliswe iindleko ezimalunga nobume bomnyangwa lowo.
Izibheno zeendleko ezixelwe kummiselwana 1 mazithunyelwe ukuba zithathelwe ingqalelo yintloko yeziko lempilo elibandakanyekayo.
Umnyangwa owongiwa impilo yengqondo ngokunyanzeliswa akabhatali ndleko zixelwe kummiselwana 1.
Ibanjwa elilindele umhla wokuxoxwa kwetyala elingeniselwe ukuhlolwa malunga nomThetho weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-Mthetho malibhataliswe ngokungqinelana nerhafu ekuvunyelewene ngayo phakathi kweSebe lezeMpilo kunye neSebe leZobulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo Siseko.
Ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo elilaliselwe ukuba linyangwe malibhataliswe ngokungqinelana nerhafu ekuvunyelewene ngayo phakathi kweSebe lezeMpilo kunye neSebe leeNkonzo zoLuleko kwaye makubhatale eli Sebe lesibini.
Ingeniso yonyaka ngenjongo zamacandelo 604b,605c kunye nama 614b oMthetho ngama R24 000.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISAZISO SIKARHULUMENTE (2003).txt</fn>
UMphathiswa wezeMpilo uye, ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 90 (i) lomThetho weSizwe wezeMpilo, 2003 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-61 ka-2003), emva kokucebisana neBhunga leSizwe lezeMpilo, wenza le mimiselo kwiShedyuli.
izithuthi ezonyuliweyo zithetha isithuthi soluntu sendawo yokugcina izidumbu esenziwe ngokukhethekileyo ukuba sithuthe imizimba, esingqinelanayo nobalulo olubekwe phantsi kwiKhowudi.
ukuvavanywa kwesidumbu esityandiweyo (post mortem)" kuthetha ukuvavanywa komzimba, ngenjongo zokufumana unobangela wokufa kunye nemiba enxulumene nokufa, kunye nomxholo wale mimiselo, ngeenjongo ze-medico-legal inkonzo (service)" ithetha iNkonzo yokuVavanywa kweziDumbu eziTyandiweyo kwiphondo elenza uphando lwe-medico-legal eliphanda ukusweleka ngenxa yoonobangela bendalo okanye engasibabo abendalo; kwaye umThetho" uthetha umThetho wezeMpilo weSizwe (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-61 ka-2003).
Ilungu elibandakanyekayo leBhunga eliLawulayo lephondo kwinkqubo yokusebenza yesizwe nangokwemigqaliselo yale mimiselo liyakuqinisekisa ukuba kukho iNkonzo yoVavanyo lweziDumbu eziTyandiweyo kwiSebe lezeMpilo elikwiPhondo.
i ukuqokelelwa, ukuphengululwa kunye nokucazululwa kwedata enxulumeneyo ukumisela iintsingiselo okanye ukuba khona rhoqo kwezehlo zokufa engasikuko okwendalo; kunye j nokunika ulwazi kunye namacebiso kwiziphathamandla zempilo okanye zikarhulumente okanye kumasebe.
Yimfanelo yenkonzo eyokuphathwa kunye nokuthuthwa komzimba ukuba uye kwindawo yokugcina izidumbu ye-medicolegal okanye kwesinye isibonelelo esonyuliweyo.
INkonzo inokuthutha umzimba kuphela ngendlela emiselwe kwiKhowudi kwaye kufuneka isebenzise izithuthi ezonyuliweyo kuthutho olucamngcwe kummiselo wesi-4.
Umntu eyiyimfanelo yakhe iziko lempilo apho umntu aswelekele khona ngenxa yoononobangela engasingabo abendalo, kufuneka ukuba azise iNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika ngoko nangoko kunye neNkonzo ngokufa okunjalo.
b Kwisehlo sokufa okwenzeka umntu ehanjiswa okanye efika kwiziko lempilo umntu eyiyimfanelo yakhe elo ziko lempilo kufuneka ukuba azise iNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika ngoko nangoko kunye neNkonzo ngokufa okunjalo.
Kwisehlo sokufa okwenzeka kuyo nayiphi na enye indawo ngaphandle kweziko lempilo, iNkonzo kufuneka iwususe umzimba kwindawo yesehlo sokufa kuphela emva kokuba iGosa eliPhandayo linike igunya elibhalwe phantsi lokususwa komzimba okunjalo yiNkonzo.
INkonzo, emva kwegunya elibhalwe phantsi liGosa eliPhandayo, kufuneka ke ngoko iwususe kwaye iwuhambise umzimba njengoko kumiselwe yiKhowudi, iwuse kwisibonelelo esonyuliweyo.
Umzimba mawususwe kwisiboneleelo usisiwa kwesinye kuphela emva kwemvume ebhalwe phantsi yomntu esiyimfanelo yakhe isibonelelo apho umzimba ususwa khona.
b Ukuvunywa okucamngcwe kumhlathi a kufuneka kukhombise ukwenzakala, ukuba kukho nakuphi na, okuye kwenzeka emzimbeni okanye iimpawu eziye zenzeka ngexa lokuwubeka. Ukubekwa ngokuphathelene noku kuquka ukutyandwa komzimba ukuze uvavanywe okanye nayiphi na enye inkqubo yezonyango ebandakanya umzimba onjalo.
INkonzo inokungenisa umzimba kwisibonelelo esonyuliweyo kuphela ngokungqinelana neemfuno zokungenisa kunye neenkqubo ezimiselwe kwiKhowudi.
Isibonelelo esonyuliweyo masingangenisi umzimba ovela kwesinye isibonelelo esonyuliweyo ngaphandle kwemvume ebhalwe phantsi yomntu ophethe isibonelelo esonyuliweyo apho umzimba ubususwe khona.
b iimpawu zeminwe yongasekhoyo ziyathathwa; kwaye c kuvulwa ifayile yomntu apho zonke iinkcukacha ezinxulumene nomzimba ziyakufakwa kwaye zifayilwe ngokungqinelana neKhowudi.
Umntu ophethe isibonelelo esonyuliweyo kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba isibonelelo sefriji siyasetyenziswa ukubeka yonke imizimba kwiqondo lobushushu elimiselweyo kunye nangokungqinelana nenkqubo ebekwe kwiKhowudi.
Umntu ophethe isibonelelo esonyuliwe kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba iqondo lobushushu lefriji nganye equlethe umzimba liyashicilelwa kwigrafu okungenani kabini ngosuku.
Ukufikelela ezifrijini kufuneka kulawulwe kwaye umntu ogunyaziswe ngumntu ophethe isibonelelo esonyuliweyo ukuba asuse umzimba, kufuneka abhale phantsi ukususa okunjalo komzimba kwilogi yezehlo.
a kwisibonelelo esonyuliweyo okanye kwiziko; kwaye b ukuba ngaba uVavanyo lweziDumbu eziTyandiweyo luyangqinelana necandelo lama-66 1 c lomThetho, nesicelo esikhawulezileyo segosa eliphandayo eliphanda ngokufa, okanye ugunyaziso lukamantyi osithili sakhe Vavanyo lweziDumbu eziTyandiweyo olunjalo kujoliswe ukuba lwenziwe khona.
UVavanyo lweziDumbu eziTyandiweyo lwe-Medico-legal kufuneka luqhutywe kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe zokuba kufunyenwe imvume ebhalwe phantsi ngumntu ophethe isibonelelo.
UVavanyo lweziDumbu eziTyandiweyo emzimbeni lunokwenziwa kuphela ngumntu ogunyazisiweyo oqeshelwe le njongo yiNtloko yeSebe.
Umntu ogunyazisiweyo unokudibana neengcali eziqinisekisiweyo kwaye acele iingcali ezinjalo ukuba zithabathe inxaxheba kuVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo kwaye zifake isandla kuxilongo olungaphaya lomzimba onjalo: Ngaphandle kokuba umntu ogunyanizisiweyo ugcine ilungelo lokusichaza isigqibo seengcali ezinjalo emva kokuthathela ingqalelo isigqibo esinjalo.
Umfundi okanye umsebenzi oqeqeshwayo kuVavanyo lweziDumbu eziTyandiweyo unokuthabatha inxaxheba kuVavanyo lweziDumbu eziTyandiweyo kuphela phantsi kwenkokhelo kunye nohlolo lomntu ogunyazisiweyo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kuwo nawuphi na omnye umthetho, umntu ogunyazisiweyo, unokungenisela uvavanyo, okanye enze ukuba kungeniswe, kwiziko eligunyazisiweyo, nayiphi na imicu, ulwelo, into okanye izinto ezinxulumene nomzimba onjalo, ngeenjongo zokuseka unobangela kunye neemeko zokusweleka komntu okanye ukongeza kulawulo lweenkqubo kunye nolawulo lobulungisa.
Umntu ogunyazisiweyo nguye kuphela onegunya lokwenza isigqibo sokuqhaqha umzimba, okanye ukususa naliphi na ilungu okanye okuqulethwe ngumzimba onjalo kusenzelelwa uphando olukhethekileyo.
a kwegosa eliphandayo eliphanda unobangela wokusweleka; okanye b umntu ogunyazisiweyo unokufaka isicelo kumantyi onolawulo lwezobulungisa ngonobangela wokusweleka okuphandwayo okanye kumntu ogunyazisiweyo, oza kubakhona kuVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo.
Umntu ekubhekiselelwe kuye kummiselo wama-23 kufuneka abonise umdla wesibonelelo kwisiphumo soVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo esinjalo, kumantyi okanye kumntu ogunyazisiweyo obandakanyekayo.
Nangona kummiselo wama-23, umntu ogunyazisiweyo enokuvumela amagosa agunyazisiweyo athile esibonelelo esonyuliweyo apho uVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo lwenziwa khona, ukuba amncedise kuVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo kwaye enze imisebenzi ethile edibene nalo.
Apho umntu ogunyazisiweyo asalileyo isicelo esicamngcwe kummiselo wama-25, izizathu ezibhalwe phantsi mazidluliselwe kumntu obandakanyekayo kwiiyure ezingama-72 zesicelo esicamngcwe kummiselo wama-25 esaliweyo.
Nawuphi na umntu okhathazwe sisigqibo somntu ogunyazisiweyo unokubhena kwiNtloko yeSebe kwiiyure ezingama-48 zokwaziswa ngesigqibo sokwala isicelo esicamngcwe kummiselo wama-25.
Umntu ophethe isibonelelo esonyuliweyo apho uVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo lwenziwe khona kufuneka abeke imilinganiselo yolawulo ukuthintela ukufikelela kwiirekhodi ezinxulumene noVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo okungagunyaziswanga kunye nakwisibonelelo sokugcina apho, iirekhodi zigcinwa khona.
Imilinganiselo yolawulo ecamngcwe kummiselwana 1 kufuneka iqulathwe kwiKhowudi kwaye kubanjelelwe kuyo maxa onke ngamagosa eNkonzo okanye nawuphi na umntu ogunyazisiweyo ukuba enze nayiphi na imisebenzi yeNkonzo egameni layo.
i nayiphina na inxenye yomxokelelwano wokusebenza wekhompyutha okanye omnye umxokelelwano weletroniki apho kugcinwa khona iirekhodi zomzimba; okanye ii nayiphi na inxenye yenkqubo esetyenziswa ukushicilela, ukugcina, ukufumana okanye ukubonisa ulwazi kwikhompyutha okanye omnye umxokelelwano weletronii apho kugcinwa khona iirekhodi zomzimba, owenza ityala kwaye ongafanelekela agwetyelwe isohlwayo okanye ukuba avalelwe ixesha elingadluliyo kunyaka omnye okanye zombini isohlwayo kunye nokuvalelwa okunjalo.
Umntu ophethe isibonelelo esonyuliweyo kufuneka agcine irejista apho nayiphi na ifayile esuswayo okanye nayiphi na inxenye yefayile, kwisibonelelo sokugcina ibhalwa phantsi, kwaye apho kufuneka angenise zonke iinkcukacha zomntu ogunyazisiweyo ukuba asuse ifayile enjalo okanye nayiphi na kwinxeneye yayo, injongo, umhla kunye nexesha esuswe yaphinda yabuyiswa ngalo kunye nolwazi oluthathiweyo apho.
b kokuba umntu ogunyazisiweyo enike imvume yokukhululwa okunjalo komzimba; kwaye c apho kukho khona imfuneko, umcu okanye isampuli yegazi yohlalutyo lwe-DNA iqokelelwe kwaye igcinwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Apho umntu onika imvume njengoko kucamngciwe kummiselo wama-33(a) angenako ukuhlawulela ukungcwatywa komzimba, umasipala okulawulo lobulungisa bommandla apho umzimba ubugcinwe khona, kufuneka awungcwabe njengowehlwempu.
Umzimba ongakhonjwanga ukuba uyaziwa kufuneka ususwe efrijini kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe zokungeniswa, kwaye ukuba ngaba iintsalela zomzimba onjalo zihlala zingaziwa iintsuku ezingama-30, umasipala ulawulo lobulungisa besibonelelo esonyuliweyo esiphantsi kwawo, kufuneka siwungcwane njengowehlwempu umzimba onjalo.
Intoko yephondo yeNkonzo kufuneka yaziswe ngoko nangoko xa kucelwa isibonelelo sokungenisa umzimba womntu osweleke ngoonobangela engasibabo abendalo ngexa evalelwe kwiNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika okanye liSebe leeNkonzo zoLuleko njengebanjwa elisalindele ukuxoxwa kwetyala.
a ngumntu ogunyazisiweyo oqeshwe ngokukhethekileyo yintloko yephondo yeNkonzo b kwisehlo sokusweleka ngexa evalelwe yiNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika, emva kokuba iCandelwana leziKhalazo eliziMeleyo lazisiwe ngoVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo olunjalo; kwaye c kwisehlo sokusweleka ngexa evalelwe liSebe leeNkonzo zoLuleko, emva kokuba uMgwebi oHlolayo ekubhekiselelwe kuye kumThetho weeNkonzo zoLuleko, 1998 umThetho oyiNombolo ye-111 ka-1998 , yazisiwe ngoVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo olunjalo.
Kwisehlo sengozi ebulalayo ebandakanya ngaphezulu kwabantu abali-10, uMlawuli wesizwe eyiyimfanelo yakhe uVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo okanye umntu amonyulele lomsebenzi, kufuneka aququzelele ukulungiswa kwemizimba ngokwemigqaliselo yale mimiselo kwaye aqinisekise ukuhlanganyelana phakathi kweNkonzo yamaPolisa yoMzantsi Afrika kunye neNkonzo leyo iphondo layo kuswelekwe kuyo.
a ukuba umntu ogunyazisiweyo uyaya kwindawo yengozi noMphandi woQhaqho leziDumbu; kunye nokuba b uVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo lwenziwa ngaphandle kokulibazisa ngokwemigqaliselo yale mimiselo ngumntu oyiNtloko kuVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo, okanye ngumntu amonyulileyo, kumzimba ngamnye osusiweyo kwindawo yengozi.
IKomiti yoVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo yeSizwe uMphathiswa kufuneka aseke ikomiti eyaziwa ngokuba yiKomiti yeNkonzo yoVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo yeSizwe ukuba icebise uMphathiswa a kwinkqubo yokusebenza ephathelene nawo nawuphi na umcimbi oya kuqinisekisa, uphakamise, uphucule, okanye ugcine uVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo b izithethe, imigangatho kunye nezikhokelo zokunikwa kwenkonzo yoVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo, kuqukwa nemigangatho yempilo nokhuseleko kunye neyona migangatho isezantsi yokuqinisekiswa kweendawo zokugcina izidumbu zovavanyo lwezidumbu ukuba ingeniswe ifane neKhowudi yeSizwe yeNkonzo yoVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo; kwaye c nawuphina umcimbi wobuchule onxulumene neenkonzo zoVavanyo lwesiDumbu esiTyandiweyo onokuba neempembelelo kwiinkqubo kunye nezicwangciso zempilo.
INtloko yeSebe kufuneka ingenise iingeniso zonyaka zengqokelela yamanani kunye neengxelo kuMlawuli-Jikelele ngendlela eya kumiselwa nguMlawuli-Jikelele ixesha nexesha.
Nawuphi na umntu ongaphumeleliyo ukuthobela naliphi na igatya lale mimiselo unetyala kwaye kufuneka agwetyelwe isohlwayo okanye ukuba avalelwe ixesha elingadluliyo kwiminyaka emihlanu okanye zombini isohlwayo okanye ukuvalelwa okunjalo.
iNtloko yeSebe okanye intloko yesebe yeNkonzo yephondo, ngokubhalwe phantsi, kwaye kwiimeko ezinjalo njengoko inokumisela, inokunikezela ngawo nawaphi na amagunya okanye imisebenzi kwigosa lesebe lephondo okanye isitafu sesibonelelo esonyuliweyo, ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, ngaphandle kokuba kukho uthintelo olukhethekileyo lonikezelo okanye ulonyulo olunjalo.
Ukunikezela okanye ukonyula okwenziwe phantsi kommiselwana 1 alu a khululi iNtloko yeSebe okanye intloko yesebe yeNkonzo yephondo imfanelo okanye uxanduva oluphathelene nokwenziwa komsebenzi obandakanyekayo; okanye b thinteli ukwenziwa komsebenzi obandakanywe yiNtloko yeSebe okanye intloko yesebe yeNkonzo yephondo.
INtloko yeSebe okanye intloko yesebe yeNkonzo yephondo inokulungisa okanye imisele ecaleni nasiphi na isigqibo esithathwe ngumntu ekusetyenzisweni kwawo nawaphi na amagunya anjalo anikezelwe kuloo mntu.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISAZISO SIKARHULUMENTE (2005).txt</fn>
IiBhodi zemiThethozeeNkundla zomThetho ziye phantsi kwecandelo lesi-7 lokuPhakanyiswa komThetho woLawulo lwezobuLungisa wesi-3 ka-2000 ("umThetho") zenza imithetho ekwishedyuli.
imiThetho eFanayo yeNkundla ithetha imithetho elawula ukuqhutywa kweenkqubo zamacandelo amaninzi ephondo nawengingqi yeNkundla ePhezulu yoMzantsi Afrika.
Ngokuxhomekeke kumthetho we-315 inkqubo emiselweyo kule mithetho kufuneka ilandelwe kulo lonke usetyenziso oluzisiweyo ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho.
Ukulondoloza ngenye indlela enikiweyo kulomthetho, imithetho elawula iinkqubo zasenkundleni apho ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokwemigqaliselo yale mithetho iziswayo, iyakusebenza notshintsho olufanelekileyo.
Zonke iinkqubo zokuphengulula isenzo solawulo somlawuli ziyakumiselwa ngesaziso sesindululo ngokuvumelana neFom 1 ebhekiswa kumlawuli kunye nakulo naliphi na elinye iqela elichaphazelekayo elibiziweyo ukuba libonise ukuba kutheni isenzo solawulo esibandakanyekayo kufuneka singaphengululwa kwaye silungiswe okanye sibekwe ecaleni okanye omnye umyalelo onjalo ube ulungile kwaye unobulungisa xa unikiwe.
Isaziso sesindululo siyakwazisa isenzo solawulo esinikwayo ukuba siphengululwe kwaye siyakuxhaswa yingxelo efungelweyo ebeka imihlaba kunye nemiba kunye neemeko umfaki sicelo axhomekeke kuzo ngenkxaso eyomeleleyo ngokuvumelana neFom yesi-2.
Isaziso sesindululo kufuneka sazise naluphina ulungiso lwangaphakathi olufumanekayo kumfaki sicelo kwaye kwingxelo efungelweyo umfaki sicelo uyakuxela ukuba ingaba umfaki sicelo ulusebenzise ngeyiphi na indlela kwaye walugqiba ulungiso olunjalo kwaye ukuba ngaba ulungiso lwangaphakathi alugqitywanga iimeko ezikhethekileyo athembele kuzo umfaki sicelo ngenkaso yesicelo yokuba inkundla ngokusemdleni wobulungisa ikhuphele ngaphandle umfaki sicelo ekubeni agqibe ulungiso lwangaphakathi olunjalo.
c ukuxela ukuba ingaba izizathu zesenzo solawulo zinikiwe na ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lesi-51 lomThetho kwaye ukuba kunjalo kufakwe ikopi yezo zizathu okanye ingaba akukho zizathu zinikiweyo ezixela izizathu zesenzo solawulo.
Umfaki sicelo kwiintsuku ezili-15 zokuziswa kwaoyo ingxelo efungelweyo uya kuba nelungelo lokuhlola nokwenza iikopi zawo onke amaxwebhu ekubhekiselelwe kuwo kwingxelo efungelweyo kunye nokuhlola okanye ukumamela nayiphi na irekhodi kwaye anikwe okukhutshelweyo yerekhodi enjalo ukuba ngaba umfaki sicelo uyakufuna oko. Iindleko zokukhutshelweyo ziyakuhlawulwa ngumfaki sicelo kwaye ziyakubakhona iindleko kunobangela.
Umfaki sicelo kwiintsuku ezili-15 zohlolo olunjalo okanye zokufumana okunjalo okukhutshelweyo, nokuba yeyiphi na esemva, afayile kwaye ahambise ingxelo efungelweyo eyongezayo kwaye alungise, ongeze okanye atshintshe imigqaliselo yesaziso sesindululo.
a kwiintsuku ezili-10 zokuhanjiswa kwaso nasiphi na isongezo sengxelo efungelweyo okanye ukuphela kwexesha lokuhanjiswa kwefayile yengxelo efungelweyo enjalo kwaye kuhanjiswe nesaziso sesindululo kwaye kwisaziso esinjalo kuyakufunwa idilesi ekwiikhilomitha ezisi-8 ze-ofisi yombhalisi okanye umabhalane wenkundla apho onke amaxwebhu angaphaya kwiinkqubo ezinjalo ayakuhanjiswa khona; kwaye b kwiintsuku ezili-15 emva koko uyakufayila kwaye ahambise naziphi na iingxelo ezifungelweyo iqela elinokufuna ziphendulwe kwizityholo ezenziwe ngumfaki sicelo.
Kwiintsuku ezili-10 zokuhanjiswa kwayo nayiphi na ingxelo efungelweyo ngokwemigqaliselo yomthetho we-37b umfaki sicelo unokufayila kwaye ahambise ingxelo efungelweyo ephendulayo. Inkundla ngokwengqiqo yayo inokuvumela ukufayilwa kunye nokuhanjiswa kweengxelo ezifungelweyo ezingaphaya.
Apho kungekho saziso okanye ingxelo efungelweyo ehanjisiweyo kwixesha elinikiweyo ngokwemigqaliselo yomthethwana 7 okanye apho ingxelo efungelweyo ephendulayo ihanjisiweyo okanye ixesha lokuhanjiswa kwengxelo efungelweyo enjalo ngokwemigqaliselo yomthethwana 8 liphelileyo, umfaki sicelo kwiintsuku ezi-5 emva koko unokufaka isicelo kumbhalisi okanye umabhalane wenkundla, njengoko kunokufuneka njalo kwimeko, ukuba anike umhla wokuxoxwa kwesicelo: ngaphandle kokuba umfaki sicelo uyasilela ukufaka isicelo ngelo xesha nawuphi na ummangalelwa unokukwenza oko ngoko nangoko ekupheleni kwelo xesha leentsuku ezi-5. Isaziso ngokubhaliweyo somhla onikwe ngumbhalisi okanye umabhalane wenkundla siyakunikwa umfaki sicelo okanye ummangalelwa, njengoko kunokufuneka kwimeko, kuwo onke amanye amaqela.
Xa isicelo kungenakugqitywa ngaso ngokufanelekileyo ngengxelo efungelweyo inkundla inokwenza umyalelo onjalo njengoko ihlangabezana nombono wokuqinisekisa isigqibo esifanelekileyo nesikhawulezayo. Ingakumbi, singasuswa kumthetho jikelele obuqhuba ngaphambile, kunokuyalelwa okokuba kuviwe ubungqina bomlomo kwimiba ebaluliweyo ngombono wokusombulula nayiphi na imbambano eyinyani kwaye isiphelo sinokuyalela naliphi na ingqina ukuba livele buqu okanye linike ikhefu naliphi na ingqina okanye nawuphi na omnye umntu ukuba abizelwe enkundleni azokuvela abuzwe imibuzo njengengqina okanye inokuwubhekisela ematyaleni umcimbi nemiyalelo efanelekileyo ngamatyala okanye inkcazelo yemiba okanye ngenye indlela.
Nangona imithethwana iqhubile ngaphambile, ukuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba kwiingxoxo kunye nokunye okwenziwayo kwisicelo esisalindelweyo sophengululo lobulungisa sesenzo solawulo sinokuziswa ngesaziso esixhaswa ziingxelo ezifungelweyo ezinjalo njengoko iimeko zinokufuna njalo kwaye zibekelwe ixesha elinikwe ngumbhalisi okanye umabhalane wasenkundleni, njengoko imeko inokuba njalo, okanye njengoko kuyalelwe yijajji okanye umtshutshisi.
Inkundla kumyalelo wokusebenza inokuyalela ukuba kuyo nayiphi na ingxelo efungelweyo kususwe nawuphi na umcimbi okhubekisayo, ocaphukisayo okanye ongabalulekanga, nomyalelo ofanelekileyo ngokumayela neendleko, kuqukwa neendleko eziphakathi kwegqwetha nomxumi. Inkundla ayiyikusinika isicelo ngaphandle kokuba yanelisekile ukuba umfaki sicelo ngokukhupha umyalelo uyakuqala agwetywe ekuqhutyweni kwetyala ukuba ngaba asinakunikwa. Isicelo esinjalo kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo sinokwenziwa phambi kokuhanjiswa kwayo nayiphi na impendulo okanye ukuphendulwa kwengxelo efungelweyo.
Ukuba kuzo naziphi na iinkqubo kwiNkundla ePhezulu, ukuba semthethweni komgaqo-siseko womthetho kucelwa umngeni kuko, iqela elicela umngeni ekubeni semthethweni komthetho liyakuzimanya neziphathamandla ezilawulayo zephondo okanye zesizwe eyiyimfanelo yazo ulawulo lomthetho obandakanyekayo kwiinkqubo.
Nawuphi na umntu onelungelo lokuzimanya njengomfaki sicelo kuso nakwesiphi na isicelo sophengululo lwesenzo solawulo okanye nawuphi na umntu ofuna ukuvela njenge-amicus curiae ngesaziso esiya kuwo onke amaqela kwaye kulo naliphi na ibakala leenkqubo afake isicelo sekhefu ukuba angenelele njengomfaki sicelo, ummangalelwa okanye i-amicus curiae njengoko imeko inokufuna. Inkundla ekufumaneni isicelo esinjalo yenze umyalelo onjalo, kuqukwa nawuphi na umyalelo kwiindleko, kunye nokunika imiyalelo enjalo kwinkqubo engaphaya kwisicelo njengoko kunokubonakala kunokuhlangabezana.
Isicelo kwiNkundla ePhezulu sesiqabu sexeshana ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lesi-8 lomThetho, ngaphandle kwalo naluphi na uthabatho nxaxheba kwiingxoxo okanye ezinye izicelo ngokwemigqaliselo yomthetho 3 , ziyakuziswa ngokuvumelana nemimiselo yomThetho wesi-6 wemiThetho eFanayo yeNkundla kwaye ngokuvumelana nayo nayiphi na imithetho esebenzayo yokusebenza kwelo candelo leNkundla ePhezulu.
ziyakuziswa ngesaziso sesindululo esiya kummangalelwa kunye nomabhalane wasenkundleni, zixhaswa yingxelo efungelweyo emayela nezinto umfaki sicelo athembele kuzo ngesiqabu.
Isicelo ngasinye siyakuziswa ngesaziso sesindululo ngokobufutshane obunokuvumelana neFom yesi-3 kunye neekopi ezingakhutshelwanga zesaziso kwaye zonke izihlomeloziyakunikwa iqela ngalinye isaziso esiza kunikwa lona.
Kwisaziso esinjalo umfaki sicelo uyakufuna idilesi ekwiikhilomitha ezisi-8 zenkundla apho umfaki sicelo ayakwamkela inkonzo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwawo onke amaxwebhu kwiinkqubo ezinjalo kwaye uyakumisela usuku, olungekho ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezi-5 ezisemva kwenkonzo eya kummangalelwa, apho okanye ngaphambili kufuneka ummangalelwa ngokubhalwe phantsi achaze ukuba uzimisele ukusichasa na isicelo, kwaye uyakuxela ngokungaphaya ukuba, ukuba akukho kwaziswa kunjalo kunikiweyo isicelo siyakubekelwa ukuba sixoxwe ngosuku oluxeliweyo, ntsuku ezo ezingekho ngaphantsi kwezili-10 emva kwenkonzo esiwe kummangalelwa ngesaziso sesindululo.
Ukuba ngaba ummangalelwa ngomhla okhankanyelwe loo njongo kwisaziso esinjalo, akamazisi umfaki sicelo ukuba baceba ukusichasa isicelo, umfaki sicelo unokuwubeka umcimbi kwiroli ukuba uxoxwe ngomhla ovunyiweyo ngumabhalana wenkundla.
b kwiintsuku ezili-15 zokwazisa umfaki sicelo ngenjongo yabo yokuchasa, bafayile kwaye bahambise nayiphi na ingxelo efungelweyo ephendulayo kunye nawo nawaphi na amaxwebhu abalulekileyo.
Kwiintsuku ezili-10 zokufayilwa nokuhanjiswa kwayo nayiphi na ingxelo efungelweyo ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kumthethwana 6b umfaki sicelo unokuhambisa nayiphi na ingxelo efungelweyo ephendulayo.
Apho kungeko khona saziso okanye ingxelo efungelweyo ehanjisiweyo kwixesha elinikiweyo ngokwemigqaliselo yomthethwana 6a okanye apho ingxelo efungelweyo ephendulayo ihanjisiweyo okanye ixesha lokuhambisa ingxelo efungelweyo enjalo ngokwemigqaliselo yomthethwana 7 liphelile, umfaki sicelo kwiintsuku ezi-5 emva koko unokufaka isicelo kumbhalisi okanye umabhalana wenkundla, njengoko kunokufuneka kwimeko, anike usuku lokuxoxwa kwesicelo: ngaphandle kokuba umfaki siceli uyasilela ukufaka isicelo kwelo xesha nawuphi na ummangalelwa angakwenza oko ngoko nangoko ekupheleni kwexesha leentsuku ezi-5. Isaziso esibhalwe phantsi somhla onikwe ngumbhalisi okanye umabhalane wasenkundleni siyakunikwa kunye nesinikwe ngumfaki sicelo okanye ummangalelwa, njengoko kunokufuneka kwimeko, kuwo onke amaqela.
Kwizicelo ezingxamisekileyo umantyi unokukhupha iifom kunye nenkonzo elungiselelweyo kule mithetho ngaphandle kokuba isaziso esonelisayo sinikwe nawuphi na umntu ochatshazelwa ngumyalelo ofunwayo kwaye unokulahla umcimbi onjalo ngexesha elinjalo kunye nendawo kwaye ngendlela enjalo kunye nangokuvumelana nenkqubo enjalo eyakuthi kangangoko ivumelane nale mithetho njengoko umantyi enokubona kufanelekile.
a sekhefu ukumisela iinkqubo zophengululo egameni leqela okanye lodidi; kunye b nemiyalelo yendlela umcimbi ekumele uqhutywe ngayo.
a kufuneka afake isaziso kumbhalisi okanye umabhalane wenkundla ngomhla obaluliweyo abafuna ukuzibandakanya nawo kudidi kwaye ngako oko babotshelelwe siso nasiphi na isigqibo inkundla esinikayo; okanye b bayakubotshelelwa sisigqibo senkundla ukuba ngaba abaniki saziso kumbhalisi okanye umabhalane wenkundla ngomhla obalulweyo sokuba abanqweneli ukubotshelelwa sisigqibo.
c ubunjani bomyalelo ezakubangwa egameni lodidi; kunye d nezinga lokuqala ugwetyelwe elinokwehlela ilungu lodidi elibotshelelwe sisigqibo kumcimbi elingenalwazi ngawo.
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IBhunga lamaGcisa ezeMpilo loMzantsi Afrika licebisana neebhodi zobugcisa nemvume yoMphathiswa wezeMpilo yenze imithetho kwiShedyuli ngokuphathelele kwigatya lama-49 elifundwa kunye negatya lama-61 nelama- 61A omThetho wamaGcisa ezeMpilo wowe- 1974 (umThetho wama- 56 wowe-1974).
incutshe yamazinyo ngugqirha wamazinyo obhalise njengencutshe kumsebenzi owodwa okanye kongaphantsi kumsebenzi wamazinto ngokuphathelele kwimiThetho enxulumene neeNcutshe neeNcutshe ezingaphantsi kumSebenzi wamaZinyo namaYeza opapashwe phantsi kweSaziso sikaRhulumente No. R.
ugqirha wamehlo okhupha amayeza ngumntu obhalise ngokuphathetlele kumThetho nemiThetho yokubhalisela ooGqirha baMehlo abaKhupha amaYeza opapashwe kwiSaziso sikaRhulumente No. R.
Incutshe yobugqirha igcisa lobugqirha elibhalise njengencutshe kumsebenzi owodwa okanye ongaphantsi kubugqirha ngokuphathelele kwimiThetho enxulumene neeNcutshe neeNcutshe ezingaphantsi kumSebenzi wamaZinyo namaYeza opapashwe phantsi kweSaziso sikaRhulumente No. R.
incutshe igcisa elibhalise njengencutshe okanye incutshe engaphantsi (ukuba ikho) ngokuphathelele kuMthetho onxulumene neeNcutshe neeNcutshe ezingaPhantsi kumSebenzi kaGqirha wamazinyo namaYeza opapashwe phantsi kweSaziso sikaRhulumente No. R.
ukongamela" ulwamkelo lwemfanelo yokongamela ligcisa kwizenzo zelinye igcisa; kunye ukurhwebesha" isenzo sokutsala ingqalelo ngelizwi okanye ngesixhobo sokusasaza eshicilelweyo okanye sombane , kumnikelo womnye, kukuqinisekisa okanye inzuzo yezinto.
Intsilelo ligcisa ukthobela ukuziphatha okumiselwe yimithetho okanye isihlomelo kule mithetho liya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
Ukuziphatha okumiselwe kule mithetho okanye isihlomelo kule mithetho akuyi kucingelwa ukuba imisela uluhlu olupheleleyo lokuziphatha kwaye ibhodi ebandakanyekayo ingaphanda ize isebenze ngaso nasiphi isikhalazo sokuziphatha ngokungabi nabugcisa esiziswa kluyo.
Kuphando ngokomthethwana 2 ibhodi ebandakanyekayo iya kukhokelwa yile mithetho, zizihlomelo kule mithetho, ngumiselo osesikweni okanye izikhokelo kunye neenkcazelo zomgaqo apho ibhodi ebandakanyekayo okanye ibhunga elizisebenzisa kumaxesha ngamaxesha.
Igcisa liya kuvunyelwa ukuba lazise iinkonzo zalo okanye iphepha-mvume, imvume okanye ukwamkelwa kweso saziso: Ngaphandle kokuba isaziso asinabugcisa, asinyanisekanga , siyakhohlisa okanye siyalahlekisa okanye sibangela abaxumi babe nokuxhalaba okungafunekayi okunokubangela ukusokola nakweyiphi imeko yezempilo.
Igcisa alisayi kurhwebesha okanye livumele ukurhwebesha kwenziwe kubaguli egameni lakhe.
j inombolo yekhowudi yokusebenza; kunye k nenombolo yephepha-mvume lokukhupha amayeza ukuba ikho.
k ukukhutshwa kukubhaliswa ngokuphathelele kwigatya lama-54A omThetho; kunye l nenombolo yephepha-mvume lokukhupha amayeza ukuba ikho.
Igcisa liya kusebenzisa igama lalo okanye igama legcisa elibhalisileyo okanye lamagcisa elikulwahlulelwano nawo okanye elisebenza nawo njengomntu wobulungisa njengegama lomsebenzi walo wabucala.
Igcisa ngokumthethwana 1 lingagcina loo msebenzi nokokuba elinye igcisa , umahlulelane wolo lwahlulelwano okanye ilungu laloo mntu wobulungisa akaseyonxalenye yaloo msebenzi wabucala: Ukuba ngaba imvume yegcisa langaphambili okanye kwimeko yegcisa eliswelekileyo imvume yomabi lifa weempahla yakhe okanye yesizalwane ifunyenwe.
Aigcisa alisayi kusebenzisa kwigama lomsebenzi walo igama elithi "isibhedlele" , "kliniki" okanye "iziko" okanye naliphi elinye igama elinokunika imbonakalo yokuba loo msebenzi wabucala wenza inxalenye okanye unxulumene nesibhedlele, nekliniki okanye neziko.
Igcisa lingenza umsebenzi ohambahambayo oqhubeka njalo kwindawo apho elinye igcisa lizinze khona ukuba koko kusebenza kuhamba-hambayo , elo gcisa linika iinkonzo kwizigulana ezingumgangatho ofanayo, ezinomrhumo ofanayo nalowo awubiza kwindawo yalo lokusebenza.
Igcisa alisayi kwamkela ikhomishini okanye nayiphi into ecingelwayo (imali okanye ngenye indlela) kumntu okanye kwelinye igcisa okanye iziko njengembuyekezo yokuthenga, yentengiso okanye ukunikwa iimpahla , izinto ezisetyenziswa lilo ekwenzeni umsebenzi wobugcisa.
Igcisa alisayi kuhlawula khomishini okanye linike into ecingelwayo imali okanye enye indlela kumntu ngokucebisa izigulana.
) Igcisa alisayi kunika okanye lamkele, intlawulo, inzuzo okanyeinto ecingelwayo (imali okanye enye indlela ebalelwa ukulikhuthaza okanye isenzo salo okanye isenzo ngenye indlela engeyoyenzululwazi okanye ebonisa ubugqirha okanye phantsi kwenkonzo , ngaphezu kwenkonzo okanye ukuhlawulisa kakhulu izigulana.
Igcisa aliyi kwabelana ngumrhumo naye nowuphi umntu okanye elinye igcisa elingakhange lithatha nxaxheba elingeneyo kwiinkonzo ezihlawulswe loo mrhumo.
Igcisa alisayi kuhlawulisa okanye lifumane imirhumo ngeenkonzo engakhange izenze ngokwalo ngaphandle kokuba iinkonzo zenziwe lelinye igcisa kwingqesho okanye anomanyano naye njengomahlulelane, njengonesabelo okanye njengebambela.
Igcisa liya kwenza kuphela kulwahlulelwano okanye kumanyano okanye liqeshe igcisa elibhalisileyo phantsi komThetho lize ngokuphathelele kubugcisa apho elo gcisa libhalise phantsi komThetho.
Igcisa liya kusebenza okanye njengomntu wobulungisa okhutshwe kukubhaliswa ngokwegatya lama- 54A lomThetho kuphela lithobela iimeko zoko kukhutshwa.
Igcisa liya kusebenza kulwalamano, kumbutho okanye njengomntu wobulungisa kuphela kummandla wobugcisa elibhalisele bona phantsi komThetho.
Igcisa alisayi kusebenza bnakokuphi ukusebenza okuneemfuneko ezifumaneke njengelifa okanye iimeko ezaphula okanye ezinokwaphula umthetho omnye okanye ngaphezulu okanye isihlomelo kule mithetho..
b abo amagama wabo akwirejista egcinwe ngumntu ogcina iincwadi zerejista phantsi kwegatya le-18 loMthetho; kunye c ongakhange amiswe ekusebenzeni okanye kubugcisa bakhe.
Igcisa liya kunceda okanye lixhase kuphela umntu obhalisileyo phantsi komThetho wamaYeza, 1974 umthetho wama-53 wowe-1974, umThetho wabongikaz, 1978 umthetho wama- 50 wowe- 1978, umThetho wamaGcisa eNkonzo zeNtlalo, 1978 umthetho we-. 110 wowe- 1978, umThetho wamaGcisa amaZinyo, 1979 umthetho we-19 owowe-1979, okanye umTetho wamaGcisa ezeMpilo amaNyeneyo, 1982 umthetho wama- 63 wowe 1982, ukuba umsebenzi wobugcisa okanye isimo salo mntu sisemthethweni kwaye kummandla wobugcisa balo.
a lithatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuxelela elinye igcisa ukuba lityhatha umguli kwisicelo somguli lowo; kwaye b limisele kwelinye igcisa ukuba loluphi unyango lwangaphambili ebelufunyanwa ngumguli lowo ingakumbi amayeza, ukuba akho ayemiselwe loo mguli kwaye kulo meko elinye igcisa liya kunika olo lwazi lufunekayo.
Igcisa alisayi kusongela umguli okanye kwimeko yomntwana, umzali okanye umondli womntwana ekufumanane ingcamango yelinye igcisa okanye anyangwe lelinye igcisa..
Igcisa alisayi kungcolisa imbonakalo yobulungisa, ukundiliseka kobugcisa okanye isakhono somnye umntu obhalise phantsi komThetho okanye nawuphi umthetho wezeMpilo.
b kumyalelo wenkundla; okanye c xa kufanelekile kumdla woluntu.
b kwimeko yomntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-14 ubudala ngemvume ebhalisweyo yomzali wakhe okanye yomondli; okanye c kwimeko yokusweleka yomguli ngemvume ebhaliweyo yomntu azalane naye okanye yomabi welifa lezinto anazo.
Kwiinjongo zokuphanda zemfundo zoqeqesho okanye zokumiselwa igcisa liya kugcina amalungu omguli oswelekileyo ngexesha lotyando.
b kwimeko yomntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-14 imvume ebhaliweyo iya kunikwa ngumzali wakhe okanye umondli; okanye c kwimeko yomguli oswelekileyo ongakhange ngaphambili anike imvume ebhaliweyo isizalwane sakhe esisondeleyo okanye umabi lifa ngezinto zakhe uya kunika imvume ebhaliweyo.
Umfundi, ugqirha omtsha osafundayo esibhedlele okanye igcisa elithi ekwenzeni imisebenzi yobugcisa lisayine amaxwebhu asemthethweni ngokunxulumene kwinkathalo yomguli njengemimiselo, izatifikhethi, (ngaphandle kwezatifikhethi zokufa) iirekhodi zezigulana, iingxelo sesibhedlele okanye ezinye iingxelo uya kusayina loo maxwebhu ecaleni kwegama lakhe okanye oonobumba bokuqala bamagama akhe kunye nefani yakhe ebhalwe ngoonobumba abakhulu.
e nokokuba isatifikhethi sinikwe ngenxa yokuqwalaselwa lelo gcisa ngexesha lokuxilongwa, okanye ngenxa yolwazi olufunyenwe kwisigulana kwaye lusekelwe kwizizathu ezamkelekileyo kubugqirha.
i umhla wokunikwa kwesatifikhethi sokugula; kunye ii oonobumba bokuqala bamagama egcisa nefani ngoonobumba abakhulu nenombolo yokubhalisa kwegcisa elinike isatifikhethi.
Isatifikhethi sokugula ngokubhekiselela kumthethwana 1 siya kusayinwa ligcisa ecaleni koonobumba bokuqala bamagama alo nefani ibhalwe ngoonobumba abakhulu.
Ukuba kusetyenziswa amaphepha asele eshicilelwe igicisa liya kususa amagama angafunekiyo.
Igcisa liya kunika umguli ingxelo emfutshane eyinyaniso xa loo mguli efuna ulwazi olumalunga naye.
Igcisa eligunyaziswe ngokomThetho weziNto ezinxulumeneyo namaYeza,1965 (umthetho we-101 lowe-1965), ukuba limisele amayeza liya kukhupha imimiselo yamayeza echetheziweyo, ebhalwe ngesandla, eveliswe ngekhompyutha, esele ishicilelwe okanye esemgangathweni kwiiShedyuli I, 2, 3 nesi- 4 ngokomThetho weziNto ezinxulumeneyo namaYeza,1965 (umthetho we-101 wowe- 1965), ngokwaloo mimiselo ingakhutshwa kuphela phantsi kosayino lwakhe lokuqala.
Igcisa eligunyaziswe ngokomThetho weziNto ezinxulumeneyo namaYeza,1965 umthetho we-101 lowe-1965, ukuba limisele amayeza liya kukhupha imimiselo yamayeza ebhalwe ngesandla angooShedyuli 5, 6, 7 nesi- 8 ngokomThetho weziNto ezinxulumeneyo namaYeza,1965 umthetho we-101 wowe- 1965, ngokwaloo mimiselo ingakhutshwa kuphela phantsi kosayino lwakhe lokuqala.
Igcisa liya kwamkela ingqesho yobugcisa okanye ingqesho yabaqeshi evunywe libhubga kuphela ephathelele kwisivumelwano sokuqeshwa okanye ingqesho eyenziwe ngokusekelwe kumdla woluntu nowobugcisa.
Ingqesho enesivumelwano esibhaliweyo okanye ingqesho ngokubhekiselele kumthethwana 1 iya kwenziwa ibekho kwibhunga ngokwesicelo.
a ifomu yonyango, isixhobo okanye iteknoloji yezempilo engelohlebo kwaye engabangwa ukuba yeyangasese; kunye b isixhobo okanye iteknoloji ebonisa ngophando ukuba inobuchule bokuzalisekisa ubango olwenziweyo oluphathelele kuso.
a liphendule kwimbhalelwano nemiyalelo yebhunga efana nebhodi, kwikomiti yaloo bhodi okanye kwigosa lebhunga kumaxesha amisiweyo; lize b liye kukucebisana ngamaxesha nakwindawo emiselwe libhunga elifana nebhodi, yikomiti yaloo bhodi okanye ligosa lebhunga.
a elifunde ngokwaneleyo laqeqeshwa laze lafumana namava awoneleyo; kunye c naphantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo kunye nendawo nekugqongileyo efanelekileyo.
Igcisa alisayi kuzivumela ukuba lisetyenziselwe nangeyiphi indlela.
Igcisa alisayi kuthatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni ngeenjongo zokuthengisa okanye kwintengiso, kukwazisa naliphi iyeza okanye nawuphi omnye umsebenzi olingana nokurhweba ngamayeza.
Igcisa alisayi kubandanyeka okanye aliyi kuxhasa ukusetyenziswa okukhethekileyo okanye imimiselo yalo naliphi iyeza ukuba naliphi ixabiso elicingelwayo livela kukusetyenziwa okukhethekileyo okanye komiselo.
c ngexa liqeshwe lishishini lamayeza nakwesiphi isikhundla, lisenza loo misebenzi iqhelekileyo ngokwaloo ngqesho; okanye d ukukhupha amayeza ngokwephepha-mvume lomThetho weZinto ezinxulumeneyo namaYezaS, 1965.
a linezabelo kwinkampani yoluntu ekuluhlu eyenza okanye ethengisa amayeeza amiselwe loo mguli; kunye b liqeshwe kwishishini lamayeza elenza loo mayeza.
Igcisa lingamisela okanye linike amayeza: Ukuba ngaba elo gcisa liqinisekile ngoxilongo lomguli obandakanyekayo ngokumxilonga kwalo okanye ngengxelo yelinye igcisa phantsi konyango lwalo loo mguli oxilongwe lilo.
Kwemeko apho umguli enesifo esingapheliyo ulungiselelo lomthethwana 5 luya kusebenza.
Igcisa elinenzala yemali kwikliniki yabucala okanye esibheldlele liya kuyibhekisa kumguli kuloo kliniki okanye esibhedlele kuphela xa isaziso esicacileyo sibekwe kwigumbi lalo lokulindela esichaza ukuba unenzala yemali kuloo kliniki okanye esibhedlele kwaye ukuba loo mguli uxelelwe ngomlomo malunga nokokuba igcisa elo linenzala kuloo kliniki okanye kwisibhedlele loo mguli ebethunyelwe kuso.
Igcisa ngokomthethwana 1 aliyi kuthatha ekwaziseni ngayo nayiphi iklini yabucala okanye isibhedlele okanye nawuphi omnye umsebenzi olingana nokwazisela inzuzo yalo.
Igcisa ngokubhekiselele kumthethwana 1 aliyi kuzibandakanya okanye lixhase ukusetyenziswa kwayo nayiphi ikliniki yabucala okanye isibhedlele ukuba ixabiso elicingelwayo livela kwelo gcisa kukusetyenziswa okukhethekileyo.
Ulungiselelo lomthethwana 3 awuyi kulalela elo gcisa ukuba libe nezabelo kwinkampani yoluntu ekuluhlu.
b unika ingxelo yokonakalisa kwakhe okanye ukonakalisa okukrokrelwayo kwibhodi ebandakanyekayo ukuba uqonde ukuba ukonakalisa kwakhe okaye uxelwe ngokuphandle okanye ucetyiswe ngokundilisekileyo liqabane ukuba enze ngokufanelekileyo ukufumana uncedo ngokonakala okucingelwayo okanye okumiselweyo; aze c anike ingxelo nangakuphi ukuziphatha okungafanelekanga , okungekho mthethweni okanye okungekho sikweni ngulo mfundi, ngugqirha osemtsha osafundayo esibhedlele okanye igcisa.
Igcisa elizibandakanya kuphando, kukuvelisa, okanye kukusetyenziswa kobuchule benyukliya, bebhayoloji nobamachiza ngokukhuselayo liya kufumana imvume kuqala ebhaliweyo kwibhodi ebandakanyekayo kolo phando, kukuveliswa okanye ukusetyenziswa.
d Izigulana azicetyiswa kwzikhundla ezibini okanye zihlawuliswe imirhumo esekelwe kukucetyiswa kabini; kwaye e Imithetho esesikweni iyasebenza kwixesha elinikiweyo lobugcisa lokusebenza kwegcisa kubanjelelwa kuyo ngokungqongqo.
ImiThetho echaza imiThetho okanye ukuShiya ngokuphathelele kumaNyathelo oLwaluleko angathathwa yiBhodi yamaGcisa kunye neBhunga epapashwe phantsi kweSaziso sikaRhulumente No. R. 2278 somhla wama- 3 Disemba 1976 neSaziso sikaRhulumente No. R. 1379 somhla we-12 Agasti 1994, njengoko silungiswe siSaziso sikaRhulumente No. R. 1405 somhla wama- 22 Disemba 2000 iyarhoxiswa.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISAZISO SIKARHULUMENTE 2.txt</fn>
Mna Penuel Mpapa Maduna, uMphathiswa wezobuLungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko, phantsi kwesigaba (b) (ii) kwisicatshulwa soku-1 somThetho wokuNyusa ukuLawula ngobuLungisa, ka-2000 (umThetho oyiNombolo yesi-3 ka-2000) umisela ukuba zonke iinkundla zoomantyi ezisekelwe nasiphi na isithili okanye icandelo lommandla njengeendawo zokubambela inkundla ngokwemiqathango yecandelo lesi-2 lomThetho weeNkundla zooMantyi, 1944 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-32 ka-1944), njengeenkundla zokuqalisa iinkqubo, kuyo yonke le miba apho isigqibo solawulo sithathiweyo ngaphandle kwalapho ulungiselelo sele lwenziwe kumthetho lokuba iinkqubo ezingaphaya kufuneka zimiselwe kwinkundla ephezulu okanye kwenye inkundla, ngokwemiqathango yoNyuso lomThetho woLawulo lwezobuLungisa, ka-2000, kwezo ngingqi zabantu isenzo solawulo lobulungisa senzeke khona okanye umlawuli enendawo yakhe eyintloko yolawulo okanye iqela elimalungelo alo achaphazelekileyo lingabahlali okanye abakhi abaqhelekileyo okanye isiphumo esingalunganga sesenzo solawulo, sehla, siyehla okanye siya kwehla.
UMphathiswa wezobuLungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISEBE LECANDELO LEZIKHALAZO ELIZIMELEYO (2000).txt</fn>
Icandelo le-14 lokuKhuthaza iLungelo lokufikelela kumThetho woLwazi lithi phakathi kwezinye izinto, igosa lolwazi leqela likawonke-wonke malibhale phantsi incwadana ngokubhekiselele kwiqela likawonke-wonke lalo emva kokuqalisa kweli candelo. Eli gatya, phofu liya kuba phantsi kwalo naluphi na ulwandiso lwexesha olunikwe ngumPhathiswa wezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko elingokubhalwa phantsi nokupapashwa kwencwadana enjalo kwiGazethi kaRhulumente.
Ukupapashwa kwale ncwadana yeCandelo leZikhalazo Elizimeleyo kusebenzela ukuqinisa amagatya eli candelo le-14 selixeliwe, kwaye kukwaqinisa nelungelo lomntu lomgaqo-siseko lokufikelela kulwazi , lungelo elo eliphethwe liCandelo leZikhalazo Elizimeleyo elifunelwa ukusetyenziswa okanye ukhuselo lwawo nawaphi na amalungelo akhe.
I-ICD lisebe likazwelonke lombuso kwaye lakhiwe kwinqanaba likazwelonke nakwelephondo ngokunjalo. I-ICD ke iphethwe kuzwelonke ngumPhathi oLawulayo ukuze kwiphondo ibe yiNtloko yePhondo. IiNtloko zamaPhondo ze-ICD zinika ingxelo kwaye ziphantsi kolawulo lomPhathi oLawulayo.
UmPhathi oLawulayo wonyulwa ngumPhathiswa wezoKhuselo noKhuseleko ngokwenkqubo emiswe ngumPhathiswa ngokubonisana neeKomiti zePalamente (Zezikhundla). Abanye abasebenzi be-ICD ngabantu abonyulwe ngumPhathi oLawulayo ngokubonisana nomPhathiswa wezoKhuselo noKhuseleko phantsi kwemithetho ephethe inkonzo kawonke-wonke kwaye abanye abantu abanjalo abathunyelwe okanye abatshintshelwe kwi-ICD.
a Ulawulo lwequmrhu kuqukwa neeNkonzo zequmrhu, iiNkonzo zasemThethweni, uLawulo loMthombo woLuntu, uLwazi loBuchwepheshe, Ezoqhakamshelwano, iiNkonzo zoLungiselelo, uPhicotho-ncwadi zemali lwangaphakathi noKhuseleko.
b Ulawulo lokusebenza, kuqukwa uPhando, iNdawo yokugcina iirejista, uBeko-sweni noPhuhliso uPhando.
Owona msebenzi uphambili negunya elimiswe ngokomthetho ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho weNkonzo yaMapolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika, umThetho we -68 wowe-1995 we-ICD, kukuqinisekisa ukuba izikhalazo ngokwamatyala nangokona okuthiwa kwenziwe ngamalungu eNkonzo yaMapolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika i-SAPS ngamafutshane kolwasemzini naMapolisa eeNkonzo zikaMasipala weSixeko i-MPS ngamafutshane kolwasemzini aphandwa ngendlela echanekileyo nenempumelelo.
Uwiso-mthetho apha lujongise ekunikeni i-ICD uxanduva nemisebenzi yokongamela uluntu malunga neSAPS ebekubhekiswe kuyo kwicandelo 222 loMgaqo-siseko weXesha eliphakathi 1993. Eli candelo lithi " kuya kusekwa kwaye kumiselwe ngumThetho wePalamente inkqubo ezimeleyo phantsi kolawulo loluntu ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba izikhalazo malunga namatyala nokona okuthiwa kwenziwe ngamalungu eNkonzo yaMapolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika aphandwa ngendlela echanekileyo nenempumelelo."
a ingathi ngokuthanda kwayo okanye yakufumana isikhalazo, iphande nakuphi na ukona okuthiwa kwenziwe lilo naliphi ilungu le-SAPS okanye le-MPS kwaye, ingathi apho kufanelekileyo ilubhekise olo phando kuKhomishina okanye kwiNtloko Elawulayo.
c ingaphanda nawuphi na umbandela ekubhekiswe kuwo ngumPhathiswa woKhuselo noKhuseleko okanye ilungu lebhunga lephondo.
UmThetho woBundlobongela baseKhaya uthi ngaphandle kokuba i-ICD ibonisa ngolunye uhlobo nakweyiphi na imeko, i-SAPS kufuneka ifake inkqubo yoluleko lwalo naliphi na ilungu le-SAPS ekuthiwa loyisakele ukuthobela uxanduva ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho woBundlobongela baseKhaya. Into ethwelwe leli gatya kukuba i-ICD kufuneka yenze umsebenzi owongeziweyo wokujonga izicelo zabafuna ukukhululwa bangalandeli iinkqubo zoluleko ezifunyenwe kwi-SAPS. Ngokwenza oku, i-ICD yenza umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zoluleko azityeshelwa yi-SAPS kwiimeko apho iziko kufuneka lilandele loo nkqubo.
a I-ICD ayenzi nxalenye kwaye ayikho phantsi kweSebe loKhuselo noKhuseleko ihlala isiSigqeba soMbutho owahlukileyo nozimeleyo phakathi kweNkonzo kaWonke-wonke, naxa isabelana ne-SAPS ngalo mPhathiswa omnye- umPhathiswa woKhuselo noKhuseleko.
b I-ICD ineGosa loCalulo-mali layo umPhathi oLawulayo kwaye ulwabiwo-mali lwayo ilunikwa ngqo yiPalamente ngevoti eyahlukileyo.
Xa kusithiwa iGosa loLwazi le-ICD, kuthethwa kwaye kuqukwa nawuphi na umntu osebenza kwesi sikhundla sixelwe ngasentla.
a kwi-ofisi yeSekela-Gosa loLwazi elonyuliweyo enkcukacha zalo zoqhakamshelwano zixelwe kumhlathi 2.2 ngasentla; okanye b nakweziphi na ii-Ofisi zamaPhondo ze-ICD ezixelwe kumhlathi 1.1 kule ncwadana.
f ukuba isicelo senziwa endaweni yomntu, kufuneka umceli angenise ubungqina obubonisa ukuba usenza ngabuni na isicelo eso, ukuze oko kube nokwanelisa kwiSekela-Gosa loLwazi.
a asithumele ngqo isicelo sakhe esibhaliweyo kwiSekela-Gosa loLwazi elonyuliweyo, njengoko kuphawulwe kumhlathi 2.2 wale ncwadana, kwidilesi okanye kwinombolo yefeksi okanye ngoqhagamshelwano ngekhompyutha; okanye b angenise isicelo sakhe kwi-ofisi yephondo ye-ICD ekufutshane iinkcukacha zoko zixeliwe kumhlathi 1.1 wale ncwadana. Kwimeko enjalo i-ofisi yephondo ye-ICD iya kuthi yakufumana isicelo, inike umceli iphetshana irisithi elibonisa ukuba isicelo sifikile kwi-ofisi leyo.
Umceli othi ngenxa yokungakwazi ukubhala nokufunda okanye ngenxa yokulimala angakwazi ukwenza isicelo sokufumana ingxelo ebhaliweyo ngendlela echazwe kwimihlathi 4.1.2 & 4.1.3 yale ncwadana, angasenza isicelo ngomlomo.
a kwiSekela-Gosa loLwazi; okanye b kwiNtloko yePhondo okanye kosesikhundleni kwi-ofisi yephondo ngokucelwa ngumceli ngenjongo yokwenza eso sicelo somlomo.
ISekela-Gosa loLwazi liya kusibhala phantsi eso sicelo lize linike umceli ikopi yaso. Ukuba umceli usenze isicelo sakhe kwiNtloko yePhondo ecamngcwe kumhlathi 4.1.4 (b) wale ncwadana, iNtloko yePhondo leyo iya kusibahla phantsi isicelo eso ize inike umceli ikopi.
Ukuba umceli wazisa iSekela-Gosa loLwazi elonyuliweyo, apho kufuneka njalo okanye iNtloko yePhondo okanye osesikhundleni , ukuba unqwenela ukwenza isicelo kwi-ICD sokufumana ingxelo ebhaliweyo, iGosa loLwazi elonyuliweyo liya kumnika simahla olo ncedo umceli njengoko kuyimfuneko ukwenzela umceli abe nokuthobela imihlathi 4.1.1 & 4.1.2 yale ncwadana.
a liya kunika olo ncedo njengoko kufuneka ukwenzela ukuba umceli akwazi ukwenza isicelo kwiGosa loLwazi leqela likawonke-wonke elifanelekieleyo; okanye b liya kudlulisa isicelo kwigosa lolwazi lokugqibela, nayiphi na ke kwezi eya kwenza ukuba isicelo sihoywe kwakamsinyane.
Ukuba umceli wenze isicelo sokufumana ulwazi esingahambelaniyo nemihlathi 4.1.1 & 4.1.
c ukuze kangangoko linike umceli naluphi na ulwazi, kuqukwa ulwazi ngeengxelo ezibhaliweyo ngaphandle kolwazi ekunokuthiwa ngalo isicelo sikhatywe ngokwemigqaliselo yalo naliphi igatya leSahluko 4 seSiqendu 2 somThetho ezigcinwe yi-ICD ezihambelana nesicelo eziya kunceda ekwenzeni isicelo kuloo fomu; kwaye d linike umceli ixesha elaneleyo ukuba aqinisekise isicelo okanye asijike ukuze singqinelane nemihlathi 4.1.1 & 4.1.2 kule ncwadana.
i Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo zefayili yomsebenzi ngamnye.
c Iingxelo ezibhekiselele kuthutho olusesikweni/olusemthethweni.
b Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo zeembalelwano ezingenayo neziphumayo.
b Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezibhekiselele kuxabiso lwabasebenzi.
e Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezibhekiselele kukumiswa kwezendaba.
f Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezibhekiselele kunxibelelwano neNdawo yogcino-mali kaZwelonke noMphicothi-ncwadi zemali Jikelele.
Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezibhekiselele ekuqulunqweni ngokutsha komThetho weeNkonzo zaMapolisa zaseMzantsi Afrika.
e Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezibhekiselele kwimisebenzi yokuhlala ulindile noMgaqo-nkqubo wokuhlala ulindile.
d Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezibhekiselele kuqeqesho lweentlola.
i Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezimalunga nababhaleli bangaphandle ezisayinwe nguMphathi Olawulayo.
d Iingxelo ezimalunga neNkqubo ngoMsebenzi onguMncedisi.
Njengokuba iGosa loLwazi le-ICD, ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 15 , lingekangenisi kumPhathiswa wezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko inkcazo yezintlu zeengxelo ezibhaliweyo ze-ICD ezifumanekayo umntu engenzanga sicelo sokufumana ulwazi ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho, ngoko ke, umPhathiswa lowo oxeliweyo naye, ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 15 akakayipapashi ngohlobo lwesaziso loo nkcazo kwiGazethi. Phofu ke, iinkcukacha ngokumalunga nesaziso esinjalo ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 15 iya kupapashwa kwincwadana ye-ICD ehlaziyiweyo ngoFebhruwari 2004.
Uphando lwezikhalazo ezifunyenwe kumalungu kawonke-wonke ezimalunga nokona okanye ityala elithathwa njengelenziwe lilo naliphi ilungu le-SAPS okanye le-MPS: Makube izikhalazo ezinjalo zinobungqina.
Ingxelo enikwa rhoqo abakhalazi ngokubhekiselele kwinkqubela-phambili eyenziweyo malunga nophando oluxelwe ngasentla.
Ukunika iinkonzo zokulamla ukuba kuceliwe oko okanye apho kufanelekileyo kuloo malungu kawonke-wonke aye ahlangana neengxaki ezinxulumene nenkonzo kwi-SAPS namalungu e-SAPS abandakanyekayo.
Uphando olubekwe phambili lwezikhalazo ezifunyenwe kumaxhoba obundlobongela basekhaya (okanye abanye abakhalazi abafanelekileyo) apho kuthiwa amalungu e-SAPS okanye e-MPS akakhange athobele iimfanelo ngokwemigqaliselo ye-DVA.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kumaphulo karhulumente ajolise ekukhuthazeni umqaphela weHIV/uGawulayo, imibandela yolutsha namalungelo abantwana nawabo balimeleyo, ukunqanda kukarhulumente kolwaphulo-mthetho olujolise ebafazini nasebantwaneni ngokuba kuphuculwe ulwazi lukawonke-wonke ngemibandela ebhekiselele kulingano ngokwesini namalungelo abafazi kwaye kucinywe/kususwe zonke iintlobo zokuhlutshwa, kuqukwa nokuhlutshwa ngesini nangobuhlanga.
Naliphi ilungu likawonke-wonke, kuqukwa ilungu leeNkonzo zaMapolisa zaseMzantsi Afrika okanye zikaMasipala likhululekile ukuxela kwi-ICD kwii-ofisi zayo ezikufutshane ezixelwe kumhlathi 1.1 wale ncwadana nakuphi na ukubhubha komntu okunxulumene nepolisa kwaye nenyathelo elithathwa njengolwaphulo-mthetho okanye ukona okwenziwe lilungu leeNkonzo zaMapolisa zaseMzantsi Afrika okanye zikaMasipala.
Amalungu kawonke-wonke akwakhululekile ukungenisa izikhalazo kwi-ICD kwii-ofisi zayo ezikufutshane ezixelwe kumhlathi 1.
Amaxhoba obundlobongela basekhaya aye axela kwiiNkonzo zaMapolisa zaseMzantsi Afrika okanye zikaMasipala izenzo zobundlobongela basekhaya enzenziwe kubo kwaye ke ngoku ayaqonda okanye akrokrela ukuba elo lungu okanye amalungu ebekuxelwe kuwo ezo zenzo akakuthobeli oko amele kukwenza ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho woBundlobongela baseKhaya, angakuxela oko kungathobeli uxanduva lwabo kwi-ICD kwii-ofisi zayo ezikufutshane ezixelwe kumhlathi 1.1 wale ncwadana.
Amaxhoba obundlobongela basekhaya akhululekile ukuxela ngqo kwi-ICD ezo zenzo zobundlobongela zenziwe kubo.
INKCAZO YALO NALUPHI NA ULUNGISELELO LOMNTU OZA KUVAKALISA INTETHO OKANYE ATHATHE INXAXHEBA OKANYE ABE NEGALELO EKWENZIWENI KOMGAQO-NKQUBO OKANYE EKUSETYENZISWENI KWAMAGUNYA OKANYE KUKWENZIWA KOMSEBENZI YI-ICD ICANDELO 14 1 g.
INKCAZO YEENDLELA ZONCEDO EZIFUMANEKAYO MALUNGA NESENZO OKANYE UKOYISAKALA KWE-ICD ICANDELO 141h.
a sokukhaba isicelo sokufumana ulwazi; okanye b esithathwe ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 22 oko kutsho isigqibo esimalunga nokuhlawulwa ngumceli kwemali eyidiphozithi yokufumana ulwazi , 261 oko kutsho ukwandisa ithuba leentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu apho iGosa loLwazi kufuneka lenze isigqibo sokuvuma okanye sokungavumi isicelo sokufumana ulwazi okanye 293 oko kutsho isigqibo sokunganiki imvume yokufikelela kwingxelo ebhaliweyo ekwifomu ecelwe ngumceli, ngokunxulumene naloo mceli kumPhathiswa woKhuselo noKhuseleko.
Iqela lesithathu, ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 74 , lingafaka isibheno sangaphakathi esingokuvuma isicelo sokufumana ulwazi esichasene nesigqibo seGosa loLwazi le-ICD kumPhathiswa woKhuselo noKhuseleko.
Umceli okanye iqela lesithathu ekubhekiswe kulo kwicandelo 74 (jonga kwimihlathi 8.1.1 & 8.1.2 yale ncwadana) angenza isicelo enkundleni ukuze akhululwe ngokufanelekileyo emveni kokuba umceli okanye iqela lesithathu ekwenze konke okusemandleni malunga nenkqubo yesibheno sangaphakthi sokuchasa isigqibo seGosa loLwazi le-ICD.
Kwimeko yesenzo okanye yokoyisakala kwe-ICD ekwenzeni imisebenzi yayo ecamngcwe kumhlathi 1.
Umkhalazi okanye ummangali ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko apho i-ICD yenze okanye yoyisakeleyo ukwenza kwaye nangokuxhomekeka kwiziphumo okanye umonakalo oviwe ngummangali ngenxa yesenzo esinjalo okanye ngokoyisakala ukwenza, angafaka isimangalo solwaphulo-mthetho kwiNkonzo yaMapolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika emangalela ilungu labasebenzi be-ICD elithe lenza ngokomhlaba elinawo kwingqesho, okanye angathatha inyathelo lembambano ngomonakalo owenziwe yi-ICD.
Umntu onqwenela ukuthintela i-ICD ukuba yenze ngendlela ethile okanye ukuthintela i-ICD ukuba ingoyisakali ukwenza imisebenzi yayo, angenza isithintelo kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseMzantsi Afrika enqanda i-ICD ukuba ingenzi nto okanye eyalela i-ICD ukuba yenze.
Umntu, kwelinye icala onqwenela ukukhalazela isenzo okanye izenzo ze-ICD okanye ukoyisakala kwayo ukwenza, angafaka isikhalazo sakhe kwi-ofisi yoMkhuseli kaWonke-wonke.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISEBE LEENKONZO ZASEKUHLALENI KUNYE NENKQUBELA YABEMI.txt</fn>
Isebe lezeNtlalontle lixakekile ngoku lihlaziya ulwazi lwabo bonke Abantu Abadala, Amagqala Emfazwe, Uncedo loKondla kunye noXhomekeko loKukhathalelwa kweZibonelelo kwimo yabo yeKhompuyutha. Abantu abafumana uncedo kwindawo yaseKimberley baya celwa ngokuhloniphekileyo ukuba bafumaneke xa kusenziwa inkqubo yobhaliso ngokutsha. La maxwebhu alandelayo aya funeka xa undwendwela indawo yokubhalisa.
Ubungqina besivumelwano neinshurensi semali ezaliswayo, njalo njalo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISEBE LEMICIMBI YAMANZI NAMAHLATHI (2005).txt</fn>
Mna, Buyelwa Sonjica, umPhathiswa wemiCimbi yaManzi namaHlathi, ngokwecandelo 78 loMthetho waManzi eSizwe, 1998 Umthetho No.
Naziphi na ezinye izibonelelo zamanzi ezime ngaphandle kwendawo ezichaziweyo kumhlathi (c) (i) ngasentla, zithi isibonelelo samanzi nendawo epheleka iSebe lemiCimbi yaManzi namaHlathi okanye amagunya athembekileyo angafuna ukulawula uMmandla wengingqi yokuqokelela amanzi emvula eShishini lommenzeli lokuLawula iBreede-Overberg d Isicelo soMmandla wengingqi yokuqokelela amanzi emvula eShishini lommenzeli lokuLawula iBreede-Overberg samkelwe.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISEBE LEMICIMBI YEZEKHAYA 2.txt</fn>
UmThetho oYilwayo uqulathe amacala abaluleke kakhulu njenga xa unyulo funeke lumemeze abo bafaneleke ukuvota, abo banokulwela unyulo kunye neemfuno kwakunye neevoti ezizodwa zabanye abantu.
Amanye wamalungiselelo womThetho oYilwayo achazwe ngasezantsi.
UMongameli uza kumemezela unyulo phambi kokuphela kwexesha elimisiweyo lika Rhulumente.
Bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika abaminyaka ilishumi elinesibhozo nangaphezulu abangaphakathi elizweni bayakuvunyelwa bavote. Oku kukhuphela ngaphandle abantu abangazinzanga, abaphazamiseke ngengqondo okanye ababanjwe phantsi komThetho weMpilo yeNgqondo. Abo Bantu babanjelwe ulwaphulo-mthetho oluyingozi nabo abayikuvunyelwa bavote.
Amalungiselelo awodwa enziwe okuvota. Oku kuvota kukodwa kwenzelwe abantu abanezizathu ezichongiweyo, abangenakho ukuzivotela. Isitafu sokuzakuza neentsapho sazo ezithunyelwe phesheya ziya kuvunyelwa zivote ngexesha lonyulo. Olunye udidi lovoto olulodwa lunyulo labasebenzi ababandakanya imikhosi yokhuselo kaRhulumente, phakathi kwamanye amapolisa nemikhosi yokhuselo. Amalungiselelo awodwa okuvota ayasebenza nakwabalimeleyo, abakhokhobayo, abadala nabakhulelweyo nabo abanakho ukufikelela kumaziko okuvota ngenxa yobulwelwe.
UmThetho oYilwayo wenza amalungiselelo okubhaliswa kwabavoti kwakunye nokuqulunkqa uluhlu lwabavoti. Ubhaliso lwabavoti abafanelekileyo luza kuqhubekeka. Xa umntu ebhalise njengomvoti, inkcukacha zakhe ziza kuqinisekiswa malungana nobhaliso loluntu oluphezulu olugcinwe liSebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya.
Emva kwempumelelo yokuqinisekiswa kweenkcukacha, igama lakhe liya kubandakanywa kuluhlu lwabavoti. Onke loo magama akuluhlu lokuvota aya kuba nakho ukuvota ngosuku lonyulo oluya kumiselwa nguMongameli.
Ukuze uvote, abantu funeka babe neSazisi esinomQondiso. Olu lulo kuphela uxwebhu oluvumelekileyo njengoko kuchaziwe kumThetho oYilwayo woNyulo ka-1998.
Abantu abangenaso iSazisi esinomQondiso fanele benze izicelo zeSazisi esinomQondiso yaye fanele benze isicelo sesiqinisekiso sesazisi sethutyana ngaxesha nye.
Isiqinisekiso sesazisi sethutyana silungele kuphela iinyanga ezilishumi elinambini yaye singasetyenziswa ukubhalisa umvoti ngexesha iSebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya lisenza iSazisi.
Esi siqinisekiso sesazisi sethutyana sineenkcukacha zomceli: inombolo yeSazisi kwakunye nefoto yomceli.
Isiqinisekiso sesazisi sethutyana siza kukhutshwa kwithutyana leyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine ngaphandle kwakwi ndawo apho kungekho zikhompyutha. Kwizehlo ezinje, siza kukhutshwa xa kubuye iqela elishukumayo kwindawo apho isicelo sasenziwe khona.
Kwamanye amaphondo, iiforamu zemiCimbi yezeKhaya ibunjiwe ukuncedisa iSebe emsebenzini walo. Ezi foramu funeka zinikwe uncedo.
Ulwazi lovoto lweqela labantu abanxibe iyunifom / amaqela azithandeleyo / amaqela asebenzayo ukuncedisa kwimpembelelo yesazisi . AbaPhathiswa bayacelwa baqinisekise ukuba umsebenzi wokuzithandela unikelwa kwiSebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya. Kwesi sehlo, bonke abazithandeleyo fanele babhalise nemiCimbi yezeKhaya yaye fanele bamelwe nini. Baza kuqeqeshwa liSebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya banikeze iinkonzo zabo ngokungenakhethe, ngendlela engenapolitiki nangaphandle komvuzo. Baza kufuneka ekuncediseni ukugcwalisa iifomu, iminwe yabaceli nasekuqinisekiseni ukuba zonke imfuno ziyafikelelwa, umz. ulungiselelo lweziqinisekiso zokuzalwa, njl-njl.
AbaPhathiswa bayacelwa banxibelelane nabameli besebe kwindawo zabo basebenze iqhinga phandle olokuba banganceda njani, yaye bathethe ukuzithandela kwimiboniso yeencoko zikanomathotholo kwindawo zabo apho banokunikezela ngolwazi kuphembelelo lweSazisi.
Ukwenziwa kweZazisi kuthatha ixesha leeveki ezisibhozo.
Apho isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa singekho, nceda nxibelelana negosa lommandla ukuqondisisa ukuba zeziphi ezinye inzame zokuqinisekisa ezinokusetyenziswa. Nangona, iSebe lingqongqo kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni kwemveliso yokuqinisekisa uxwebhu lwenene ukushenxisa ubumenemene.
Ukuba isicelo seSazisi nesesiqinisekiso sesazisi sethutyana siyenziwa, iifoto ezintathu mazinikezelwe.
UmPhathiswa wemiCimbi yezeKhaya uza kubhengeza ifomu yokubhalisa yethutyana elungiselela ubhaliso lwabavoti yaye okwangoku ayikabikho.
ISebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya linezithathamifanekiso kumaqela ajikelezayo avumela ukuba iifoto mazithathwe simahla.
Izikhalazo ngeenkonzo zeSebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya mazibhaliswe kwinombolo yasimahla yonxibelelwano: 0800-601190.
Ngosuku lokuvota siSazisi esinomQondiso kuphela esivumelekileyo. Kanti, kubantu abaphuncukene neZazisi zabo ngaphambi konyulo, isiqinisekiso sesazisi sethutyana bangasikhutshelwa kwixeshana leeyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine.
Ngaphandle kokunikwa kuka wonke -wonke kwimpembelelo yeSazisi, amalungiselelo enziwe kuwo onke amaphondo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abavoti abafanelekileyo benza izicelo zesazisi esinomqondiso.
Amaxesha e-ofisi ayandisiwe, ngokusekwe kwimfuno zephondo ngalinye.
Isitafu esongezelelweyo naso siqeshelwe ukuba simelane neemfuno ezandisiweyo zesazisi.
Kwizehlo apho kungekho zi -ofisi zemiCimbi yezeKhaya, amaqela ajikelezayo awongezelelweyo ayamiliselwa.
Ukulungiselela ulwazi olongezelelweyo, izicelo zeenkonzo okanye iinkonzo ezizithandeleyo, abalawuli bommandla besebe kungadityanwa nabo.
Abantu abaninzi benze izicelo zeZazisi kodwa ezi zazisi azikaphuthunywa ezi-ofisini zeSebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya. Ezi Zazisi funeka ziphuthunywe ngokukhawuleza okudibene nokungxama. AbaPhathiswa bayacelwa bancedise ekuqhubekekiseni ukuzisasaza.
Abo bantu bangekazenzi izicelo zeZazisi ezinomQondiso funeka benze izicelo ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.
Umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu kunyanzelekile akhatshwe lilungu elifanelekileyo eliminyaka ilishumi ubudala kunaye oza kuthi amenzele isicelo sokubhalisela isicelo sokuzalwa mva. Umntu, ukongeza kulo naluphi na uxwebhu oluxhasayo uza kufuneka agcwalise ingxelo efungelweyo (ifomu B1 288) echaza iinkcukacha zokuzalwa.
Abantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini ananye bangazenzela ngokunokwabo izicelo zokubhalisela izicelo zokuzalwa mva.
Kwizehlo apho uxwebhu oluxhasayo lungafumaneki, umceli uza kubuzwa ligosa leSebe ukwenzela kuchazwe ubumi bakhe nomhla wokuzalwa ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISEBE LEZEMIDLALO.txt</fn>
Iinkqubo zocalu-calulo nezamathanga zadala imeko apho zonke iilwimi zelizwe ngaphandle kweelwimi ezimbini zingazange zijongelwe phantsi kuphela koko zacinezelwe kakhulu ukuya kwelona qondo liphezulu. IsiNgesi nesiBhulu zenziwa iilwimi ezisemthethweni kwaye zaphuculwa zaze zaphuhliswa kusonakaliswa iilwimi zoMzantsi Afrika.
UmGaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996 ubalula ukusetyenziswa ngokulingana kwazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni zelizwe, kunye nokuphucula nokuphuhliswa kweelwimi zemveli ezazisingelwa phantsi ngokwembali. Ngaphandle kweelwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni uMgaqo-siseko ukwaqonda ezinye iilwimi ezifana ne-Nama, Khoi, San kunye neeLwimi zeeMpawu ekufuneka ziphuculwe kwaye ziphuhliswe.
Phambi kwenkqubo yokucebisana uphicotho lolwimi lwenziwa ngumboneleli wenkonzo enamava kakhulu kulo mmandla wophando. Ingqalelo yabhekiselelwa kuBalo lwabantu lowama-lowama-2001, kumaxwebhu eepolisi kunye neziphumo zokuphicothwa kolwimi lwaseGauteng.
Ezona zinto zifunyanisiweyo zophando ebekuphandwa ngazo ngeelwimi zoluntu lwesizwe olwagunyaziswa yi-PanSALB ngo-2001 nazo zathathelwa ingqalelo. Olu phando lwasebenzisa isampuli yabeMi boMzantsi Afrika abamalunga neminyaka eli-16 nangaphezulu eyathathwa kuzo zonke iindidi zoluntu ngokwemvelaphi yasemaphandleni nasedolophini. Imimandla ekwakujoliswe kuyo yayilulwimi lwenkobe nolwimi olusetyenziswa kwindawo zabucala nezingekho sikweni, kwiimeko zasesidlangalaleni nezamaziko, ulwimi lokusebenza nelokufundisa, izimvo kumgaqo wolwimi kunye nobuciko bolwimi neelwimi ezininzi.
UmGaqo- siseko ubona imfundo njengelinye lelona qonga libalulekileyo lokuphucula nokuphuhlisa ukusetyenziswa kolwimi. I-GLPF ithathela kwakhona ingqalelo iimfuno zoMthetho weziKolo waseMzantsi Afrika, 1996, ngokunxulumene nokusetyenziswa kolwimi ezikolweni nendlela uLwimi kumGaqo weMfundo olunxulumene ngawo nemeko- bume yemfundo.
a Ukwenza ukuba kusebenze amalungelo olwimi njengoko efakwe kumGaqo-siSeko ngokuphuculwa okusebenzayo kweelwimi ezininzi.
b Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa okulinganayo kweelwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni kwiphondo, ukwenzela ukuphucula ubulungisa bentlalo, inkcubeko nobolwimi.
c Ukuqhubela phambili ukufikelela okulinganayo kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente wephondo nakulwazi nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente.
d Ukuxhasa, ukuphuhlisa nokugcina iilwimi ezininzi kumasebe karhulumente wephondo nowasekhaya nonxibelelwano lwazo nokusebenza noluntu.
e Ukulungisa okunentsingiselo phakathi kwelwimi ezisemthethweni zephondo ezasisengelwe phantsi ngokwembali.
f Ukukhusela ukwahlukana kweelwimi nokuphucula intlonipho yeelwimi ezininzi nomanyano.
g Ukuba negalelo ekulondolozeni nasekuqhubeleni ukuphuhliswa kweenkcubeko ezityebileyo nezahlukeneyo.
h Ukuba negalelo kwidemokrasi, kunye nokubonisa ukuba i-GPG ingurhulumente okhathalayo nosebenzayo.
i Ukundulula izakhiwo kukuzalisekiswa, kukongamela nokuvavanya imigaqo yolwimi neyonxibelelwano yephondo.
j Ukunika urhulumente wasekhaya isikhokelo nolawulo lokuphuhlisa imigaqo yakhe yolwimi esebenzayo ukukhulisa iilwimi ezininzi ezisebenzayo.
k Ukuphucula ulawulo lolwimi olulungileyo lwendleko ezifanelekileyo nezokuhambisa iinkonzo zoluntu ezifanelekileyo nolawulo.
l Ukukhuthaza nokuphucula ukwakhiwa kwesizwe, ubuzwe kunye nonamathelwano phakathi kwentlalo kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo nobukho benkcubeko ezahlukeneyo zamaqela aseGauteng.
ICandelo 6 liqonda ukuncitshiswa kokusetyenziswa kweelwimi zemveli zaseMzantsi Afrika kunye nobume bazo kwaye linyanzela urhulumente ukuba athathe amanyathelo asebenzayo kunye neendlela zoyilo zokuphakamisa ubume kunye nokuqhubela phambili ukusetyenziswa kwezi lwimi.
ICandelo 6 (a) lichaza ukuba oorhulumente bamaphondo nowesizwe kufuneka ukuba basebenzise ubuncinane iilwimi ezimbini ezisemthethweni ngeenjongo zikarhulumente zokuthathela ingqalelo, ekubeni nokwenzeka, kwindleko, iimeko kunye nokusetyenziswa kwisithili, kunye neemfuno nokhetho luluntu ngokubanzi, okanye kwiphondo elibandakanyekayo.
ICandelo 6 (b) lichaza ukuba oorhulumente basekhaya kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo ekusetyenzisweni kolwimi kunye nokukhetha ngabahlali.
ICandelo 6 libophelela oorhulumente bamaphondo nowesizwe ukuba balawule kwaye bongamele ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezisemthethweni nokuqinisekisa ukulingana kwesidima nempatho elingeneyo.
ICandelo 29 lichaza ukuba wonke ubani unelungelo lokufumana imfundo ngolwimi olusemthethweni okanye ngeelwimi ezikhethwe ngaye kumaziko oluntu apho imfundo isebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufikelela okufanelekileyo nokuzalisekiswa kweli lungelo zonke ezinye iindlela zemfundo ezifanelekileyo nokulingana kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo, kungalityalwanga ubulungisa, ukwenza kwenzeke kunye nokulungisa.
ICandelo nelama- 31 lixhasa amalungelo abemi lokusebenzisa ulwimi abalukhethayo.
UmThetho we-PanSALB, 1995 ubonelela ukwaziswa, phakathi kwezinye izinto (inter alia), ukuqondwa, ukuphunyezwa nokuqhubela phambili iilwimi ezininzi nokuphucula iilwimi zemveli ezazisingelwe phantsi ngokwembali. Ukwalungiselela ukusekwa kweekomiti zeelwimi zephondo.
URhulumente wePhondo laseGauteng ngeSebe lezeMidlalo, uloNwabo, ubuGcisa neNkcubeko sele limisele iKomiti yoLwimi yePhondo laseGauteng.
Izinto zomThetho wokuPhucula ukuFikelela kuLwazi kukunika intsingiselo kwilungelo lomgaqo-siseko wokufikelela nakoluphi ulwazi olubanjwe ngurhulumente, ngamaziko abucala okanye ngabantu ngokumalunga nonywino olufanelekileyo. Ufikelelo olunjalo alunakubhekiselela kuphela ekufumaneni ngokubambekayo ulwazi kodwa kufuneka kangangoko lube kulwimi olukhethwe ngumceli.
Njengokuba iShedyuli 4 yomGaqo-siseko ichaza ukuba ulwimi ngummandla osebenzayo wephondo ngaxeshanye nobuchule bephondo i-NLPF ichaza ukuba zonke izakhiwo zikarhulumente (urhulumente wasekhaya, wephondo nowesizwe) kunye namaziko alawula igunya loluntu okanye awenza umsebenzi woluntu abotshelelwa yiyo.
Ekuphuculeni iilwimi ezininzi kulindeleke ukuba amaphondo enze ezawo iinkqubo-zikhokelo zolwimi ezihambelana ne-NLPF kuthathelwa ingqalelo kwiimeko zesithili, kwiimfuno nokukhethwa luluntu lwamaphondo. Oorhulumente basekhaya bayakwenza imigaqo yeelwimi yasekhaya ehambelana nale nkqubo-sikhokelo yepolisi yePhondo.
Urhulumente uyakhuthazwa ukuba axhase amacandelo angasese ukuba aphuhlise kwaye azalisekise eyawo imigaqo yolwimi ngokuhambelana nale nkqubo-sikhokelo yepolisi engasentla.
iPolisi-yoLwimi kwiMfundo iPolisi-yoLwimi kwiMfundo yipolisi yesizwe esebenza kwimeko-bume yemfundo. Eyona njongo ingundoqo yayo kukuqhubela phambili unxibelelwano ngaphaya kwemiqobo yebala, inkcubeko, ulwimi nezenkolo ngexa kwangaxeshanye udala ummandla wokuhlonipha ezinye iilwimi kunolwimi lwakhe.
c Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kokungafani kweelwimi.
d Ukwandisa ubuchule bazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni zibe negalelo kuphuhliso nokuthatha inxaxheba kwezopolitiko nezentlalo-qoqoqsho e Ukukhulisa iwonga neendima zeelwimi ezazisingelwa phantsi ngaphambili Ukulungisa.
g Ukukhusela ukusetyenziswa kolwimi ngeenjongo zokuzisebenzela, zokongamela nezocalulo ukungabi nacalulo.
h Ukulungisa iimfuno, ulangazelelo nemidla yoluntu lolwimi lwethu olwahlukeneyo.
i Ukusebenza namaziko oluntu, abucala kunye namanye amaziko kunye nee-arhente ukuphucula iilwimi ezininzi oomahlulelane.
j Ukuxhasa amalungelo edemokrasi abemi okuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kubomi boluntu, ukuquka ukuthatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni, ekuzalisekiseni nasekuhloleni imigaqo yolwimi neyonxibelelwano.
k Ukuphucula ukufikelela kulwazi nakwiinkonzo zikarhulumente ngonxibelelwano olufanelekileyo.
l Ukusebenzisa ulwimi ukuqinisekisa ukungafihli kunye norhulumente othatha uxanduva ophendulayo kwiimfuno zabemi.
m Ukuvakalelwa nokuguquka kukhetho lweelwimi, ukusetyenziswa nobuchule babaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo.
n Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kokuphunyezwa neempembelelo zolwimi kunye neepolisi zonxibelelwano neenkonzo nokufaka uhlaziyo apho kukho khona imfuneko.
Unxibelelwano ngomlomo ngazo zoli-11 iilwimi zesizwe ezisemthethweni kuya kuhlonitshwa kwaye kukhuthazwe.
IPolisi yoLwimi-kwiMfundo imisela ukuba bonke abafundi kufuneka banikwe ithuba lokufunda okungenani ulwimi olunye lwemveli, yonke imimandla yezifundo zolwimi iya kufumana ixesha kunye nemithombo elilinganayo kwaye iziphathamandla ezilawulayo kumgangatho wephondo ziya kumisela ipolisi kwiimfuno eziqhubela phambili njerngezifundo, ngokuxhomekeke kwizithethe zesizwe.
Ummandla wokusebenza we-GLPF uquka amasebe e-GPG, kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yaseGauteng, oomasipala (bethathela ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa kolwimi lommandla wabo nokukhetha), amaziko kwiphondo asebenzisa igunya loluntu okanye enza umsebenzi woluntu. Urhwebo labucala kunye namaziko angekho phantsi kukarhulumente aya kukhuthazwa ukuba aphuhlise imigaqo yawo eelwimi ahambisana neNkqubo-sikhokelo yePolisi.
La manani angentla abonisa ukuba isiZulu lulwimi lwenkobe oluthethwa ngabantu abangaphezulu kwama-20% kwimigangatho yephondo neyesizwe. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba isiNgesi lulwimi olusetyenziswa kakhulu kuqoqosho nenzululwazi kwaye sikwindawo yesine neyesithandathu kulwimi lwasekhaya kwimigangatho yephondo neyesizwe. Olu luhlu lungasentla lubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba i-Gauteng ayinalo ulwimi lwasekhaya olodlula ezinye, kodwa yimeko yeelwimi ezininzi apho iilwimi zenkobe ezintlanu eziphezulu zithethwa ngabemi abangaphezulu kweepesenti ezili-10 kwaye zidibene zenza ngaphezulu kwama- 70% abemi bephondo.
Ukuphunyezwa kwe-GLPF kufuneka kunike ilungelo novakalelo ngokuphathelele kukwahlukana okungasentla. Kucingwa ukuba ezinye iilwimi ezingafumani manani okuzibalula kumgangatho wephondo ziya kufumana amanani amakhulu kumgangatho worhulumente wasekhaya kwaye ziya kufumana ilungelo lokuthathelwa ingqalelo kumgangatho worhulumente wasekhaya nangokuzalisekiswa kwemisebenzi yephondo kumgangatho wasekhaya.
Ngowama-2003 iSebe lezeMidlalo, uLonwabo, ubuGcisa neNkcubeko lagunyazisa uphando kuphicotho lolwimi nonxibelelwano kumasebe eGPG . Injongo engundoqo yophicotho yayikukumisela iimfuno zolwimi (kuqukwa imithombo) kunye nokukhetha kolawulo, isitafu nabaxumi beenkonzo zephondo.
Uphicotho kubonisa ukuba amagosa amaninzi kwiindawo zokufezekisa iinkonzo (iinkonzo ezingaphambili) anako ukuthetha noluntu ngolunye ulwimi okanye ngaphezulu ngaphandle kwesiNgesi nesiBhulu kwaye abasebenzisi abaninzi beenkonzo zikarhulumente basebenzisa ikakhulu iilwimi zemveli. Umzekelo kwesinye isibhedlele sephondo ulwimi olusetyenziswa ngamagosa yayisisi sisiBhulu se- 7,9% sexesha, isiNgesi 36,8% yexesha kwaye iilwimi zemveli ngama-58,5% exesha.
Ngokunxulumene nolawulo, umfanekiso wesitafu yayi kukuba iirekhodi, ukubekwa ukwazisa kunye nokunxibelelwano ngomlomo kwakusenziwa kakhulu ngesiNgesi esilulwimi olusetyenziswa kakhulu kunxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo phakathi kwabasebenzi.
Uphicotho lukwaqaqambisa imfuneko ebalulekileyo yeenkonzo zoguqulo nokubaluleka kokuncedwa kwabaxhasi bazo ngolwimi lwasekhaya kunxibelelwano lomlomo nolubhalwayo.
Ayingawo onke amasebe athe aguqulela amaxwebhu awo ezicwangciso-qhinga kwezinye iilwimi zemveli. Nangona iindleko zilithintela inyathelo elingamandla kuguqulo, amanye amasebe ayaqala ukuba ngumzekelo. Umzekelo, uHlahlo lwabiwo-mali lePhondo lwalufumaneka ngeelwimi zemveli ezimbini.
Urhulumente wePhondo laseGauteng, njengoko kufunwa ngumGaqo-siseko kunye nokuba ubona iilwimi ezininzi ezingundoqo, ziyakuhlonipha, kwaye zixhase ulwimi lwabo bonke abemi bephondo.
Kangangoko kunokusebenza (kuthathelwa ingqalelo zozibini izibonelelo ezifumaneyo kunye nokubaluleka koMgaqo-siseko), wonke ubani uya kunikwa ithuba lokusebenzisa ulwimi lwakhe okanye ulwimi olukhethwe nguye ngomlomo nangokubhala xa enxibelelana namagosa. Njengoko ingxelo yophicotho engasentla imisele, ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi zemveli kuyakhuthazwa kodwa apho iziphumo zingaphantsi kobekulindelwe indlela yokuphucula imeko kufuneka yamkelwe kwaye ikhawuleziswe.
Ulwimi lokubhalwa kweerekhodi zangaphakathi kwi-GPG luya kuba sisiNgesi kwaye uguqulo oluya kuzo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni kunye ne-Braille ziyakwenziwa ukuba zifumaneke ngesicelo apho kunokwenzeka. Apho kucingelwa ukuba kuyimfuneko amaxwebhu athile aya kuguqulelwa kulo nakweliphi na inani lezinye ezilishumi iilwimi ezisemthethweni kwaye zisasazwe ngaphandle kokulindela uluntu ukuba lukucele oku. Indlu yowiso-mthetho yaseGauteng iya kuqhubekeka ukuvelisa iirekhodi zengxoxo ngeelwimi ezine ezisemthethweni ubuncinane. IsiNgesi siya kusetyenziswa ukubhala kunxibelelwano phakathi kwamasebe naphakathi kukarhulumente.
Ulwimi olusetyenziswayo kunxibelelwano lwangaphakathi nangaphandle luya kukhokelwa kukusebenza kweelwimi ezininzi, njengenjongo, nomxholo wonxibelelwano kunye nokubakho kwemithombo kwaye abaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo baya kumisela ukhetho lweelwimi. Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi kwiinkonzo eziphambili ezifana nezibhedlele zoluntu, izikhululo zamapolisa, iindawo zeenkonzo zoluntu, ii-ofisi zezindlu nendlu yowiso-mthetho yaseGauteng kufuneka kugcinwe ngokukhutshwa kweefom zeenkonzo okungenani ngeelwimi ezimbini zemveli okanye apho kukho khona imfuneko ngazo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni.
Amacandelo onxibelelwano amasebe e-GPG ekhokelwa liCandelwana eliyiNtloko: Unxibelelwano lukaRhulumente neeNkonzo zoLwazi kwi-ofisi yeNkulumbuso ziya kuba zizixhobo ekukhokeleni iGPG kwiinkqubo eziya kukhulisa uphuculo lweelwimi ezisemthethweni kunye nezinye iilwimi ezihambisana nomGaqo-siseko. Isebe ngalinye le-GPG liya kuseka iyuthi yalo yolwimi.
UMbutho woNxibelelwano we-GPG, uyakuquka ukonganyelwa nokuvavanywa kokuzalisekiswa kokuphuculwa kunye neenkqubo zokuphuhlisa ezamkelwe ngamasebe e-GPG kuphando lwayo lonyaka. Iziphumo zoko ziya kumisela isenzo ekufuneka sithathiwe kwaye ungenelelo luya kuxhomekeka kubukho bemithombo.
ISebe lezeMfundo ingakumbi liya kuphucula kwaye liphuhlise ilwimi zemveli ezazisingelwe phantsi ngokwembali njengoko kumisiwe kwi-SASA nakwiPolisi yoLwimi-kwiMfundo.
Kufuneka kuchaziwe ukuba ukwenzeka kokuphuculwa nokuphuhliswa kuya kuxhomekeka kulwabiwo lohlahlo-lwabiwo mali kunye nakubukho bemithombo.
Ukusekwa kwezakhiwo ezongeziweyo kunye nemfuno yokufikelela kulwazi loluntu ngeelwimi ezikhethweyo zamalungu oluntu, ngokunjalo nokusetyenziswa kweelwimi zawo xa kusetyenzwa nabasebenzi bakarhulumente, kuya kuba nempembelelo kuphuhliso lwesitafu kobo bume nakumasebe e-GPG jikelele.
Kwixesha elide abasebenzi nabameli boluntu kumaziko e-GPG kufuneka babe nobuchule kwezinye okanye kuzo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni zemveli ukuze kuhanjiswe iinkonzo ngokufanelekileyo nangokusebenzayo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba amasebe kufuneka aqeqeshe kwaye aphuhlise isitafu sawo esingaphambili ukuba sibe nako ukunxibelelana nowonke-wonke ngokungqinelana nomthetho-siseko weBatho Pele.
Ngemizamo yamxhel' omnye ukuphuhliswa kweelwimi zemveli nokuguquka njalo kwamanani abantu bendawo kuya kubaluleka ukuba kuphengululwe i-GLPF qho kwiminyaka emihlanu ukwenzela ukumisela ukubaluleka kwayo..
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Umphathiswa wezeMisebenzi uzimisele ukuhlaziya uludwe lweNkqubo yesine yecandelo lama -55 loMthetho weMbuyekezo yoKwenzakala kunye noKufumana iZifo koMsebenzi ka-1993 (uMthetho weNombolo yama -130 ka-1993) ukususela ngomhla wokuqala ku-Epreli ka-2003.
Ama-75% womvuzo womsebenzi enyanga nenyanga ngexesha lengozi ngokuxhomekeke kubuninzi kunye nobuncinane bembuyekezo ye-R kunye ne-R.
Iipenshini ezingqinelana nepenshini ezibalwe phantsi koluhlu lwesi-4 ngokomlinganiselo ofanayo nezinga lobulwelwe ngokusisigxina obungama-100%.
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Luhlobo lomhlaza olunqabileyo emadodeni. Unokwenzeka kuyo nayiphi na iminyaka kodwa uxhaphake kakhulu kumadoda aselula asukela kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwiminyaka engama-40. Kumaxa amaninzi lisende elinye elichaphazelekayo. Unobangela womhlaza wamasende awaziwa. Uchaphazela amadoda ngexesha kanye azikhathaza kakhulu ngokuchuma kwezokulalana kunye nangokuqala iintsapho.
Amadoda anembali yamasende ahleli esiswini endaweni yokuba ahlale kwisingxobo sawo (nokuba kulungisiwe oko okanye akulungiswanga). Ingozi iye inyuke iye kuma kwiifoldi ezili-11. Zonke iintsana ezingamakhwenkwe kufuneka zikhangelwe amasende ahleli esiswini endaweni yokuba ahlale kwisingxobo sawo xa ezalwa.
Amadoda anembali yosapho yomhlaza wamasende.
Umntu ngokwakhe uyakubona ukungaqheleki emasendeni. Eyona ndlela ingcono yokufumana okungaqhelekanga luvavanyo lwamasende umntu azenza lona.
I-TSE yenzeka kakuhle emva kokuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu, ukuhlamba ebhafini yamanzi ashushu okanye ukushawara. Ubushushu buyasiphumlisa isingxobo samasende, oko kusenza ukuba kube lula ukubona nakuphi na ukungaqheleki.
Khangela nakuphi na ukudumba kwisingxobo samasende.
Khangela isende ngalinye ngezandla zozibini. Beka umnwe wokukhomba kunye nomnwe ophakathi phantsi kwesende oobhontsi bengaphezulu. Lijikelezise isende nje kakuhle phakathi kweminwe noobhontsi. Ungothuki xa ingathi elinye isende likhangeleka lilikhulu kancinane kunelinye. Oku kuqhelekile. Amaqhuma omhlaza kaninzi afumaneka emacaleni amasende, kodwa anokubakhona phakathi kunye nangaphambi kwamasende.
Fumana into engathi yityhubhu ethambileyo emva kwamasende. Oku kuthiwa yi-epididymis, iqokelela kwaye ithwala ubudoda. Ziqhelanise nale nto. Ungayiphazamisi neqhuma elikrokrelekayo.
Iqhuma elingebuhlungwanga (elilingana ne-ertyis), esendeni. Ayingawo onke amaqhuma anomhlaza.
Ulwelo oluye ngesiquphe lwande kwisingxobo samasende.
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UmPhathiswa wezeMpilo, ngokwecandelo 15 lezinto ezityiwayo, izinto zokuchokoza umzimba nomThetho weziBulala-ntsholongwane, 1972 (UmThetho No. 54 ka-1972), owenze imimiselo eboniswe kuLudwe lwenkqubo.
Kule mimiselo "UmThetho" uthetha iziNto ezityawayo, iziNto zokuchokoza umzimba nomThetho weziBulala-ntsholongwane, 1972 UmThetho No.
1 Malunga nenjongo yecandelo 21bi womThetho, isilwanyana saselwandle esineqokobhe neemveliso zesilwanyana saselwandle esineqokobhe ngenxa yoko zicingwa ukuba zingcolisekile, zimdaka, okanye zonakele ukuba ityhefu elandelayo idlulisa kunyino olulinganiswayo xa kulinganiswa ngeendlela ezichaziweyo ngaphantsi kwesihlomelo kule mimiselo okanye nayiphi na indlela eyamkelweyo elinganayo.
Ezinye iindlela ezilungisiweyo zezizwe zinokusetyenziswa njengenye okanye iindlela ezifezekisayo kwiindlela zokuvavanya zebhayoloji, ukuba ukuzalisekisa kwazo kunikeza umgangatho olinganayo wokhuseleko lwempilo yoluntu.
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UMphathiswa wezempilo, ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lesi-7 lomThetho wabaSebenzi beMpilo beMveli, 2004 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-35 ka2004) (Traditional Health Practitioners Act), 2004, ufundwa necandelo le-14 lomThetho wokuTolika, 1957 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-33 ka-1957) uye wenza imimiselo equlethwe kwiShedyuli.
umThetho"uthetha umThetho wabaSebenzi beMpilo beMveli, 2004 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-35 ka2004); kwaye abasebenzi bempilo bemveli" kuthetha umntu okwangoku kwezemplilo onyanga ngokwemveli njengoko kuchaziwe kumThetho.
Ngenjongo yokuqeshwa kwamalungu ecamngcwe kwimihlathi c, e, h noi becandelo lesi-7 lomThetho, uMphathiswa ngesaziso kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni kunye nangopapasho olufakwe okungenani kumaphepha ndaba amabini ajikeleza kwisizwe kunye nakummandla ameme unyulo lwabantu abanokuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba baqeshwe kwiBhunga.
ISaziso esicamngcwe kummiselwana 2 kufuneka sixele iimfuneko zokuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba uqeshwe njengelungu kunye nexesha apho uMphathiswa makafumane unyulo olunjalo.
a candelo lesi-7c lomThetho kufuneka lungeniswe kwiLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo eyiyimfanelo yalo ezempilo kwiphondo apho asebenza khona kakhulu umsebenzi wempilo wemveli; kwaye b imihlathi e, h, no-i yecandelo lesi-7 lomThetho kufuneka ingeniswe kuMphathiswa.
Ulonyulo malungeniswe ngendlela ekhonjisiweyo kwisiHlomelo sale Mimiselo.
IBhunga lamaGcisa eMpilo loMzantsi Afrika kunye neBhunga leeKhemesti loMzantsi Afrika kufuneka bangenise abantu ababanyulileyo ukuba bathathelwe ingqalelo ukuba baqeshwe kwiBhunga ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lesi-7f no-g, ngokulandelelana, lomThetho, kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zomhla wesicelo esibhaliwe nguMphathiswa.
ILungu leBhunga eliLawulayo eyiyimfanelo yalo ezempilo kwiphondo kufuneka lingenise amagama amathathu abasebenzi bempilo bemveli abanokuthathelwa ingqalelo yokuba baqeshwe nguMphathiswa ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lesi-7 c lomThetho.
Ukuba ngaba uMphathiswa akafumani lonyulo kwicandelo elithile, okanye inani elingonelanga lolonyulo kwixesha elibaluliweyo kwisimemo, uMphathiswa unokuqesha inani labantu elifunekayo abafanelekileyo ukuba baqeshwe ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lesi-7i lomThetho, okanye acele ulonyulo olungaphaya elucelela injongo enjalo.
Umntu ogama lakhe lingenisiweyo ngokwemigqaliselo yommiselwana 5 ukuba aqeshwe ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lesi-7i lomThetho, kufuneka ukuba abe ebesebenza kwelo candelo ixesha elingekho ngaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ephambi kwengqesho ecingwayo njengelungu.
UMphathiswa kufuneka apapashe kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni amagama amalungu aqeshwe kwibhunga kunye nomhla wokuqala kwexesha labo kunye nexesha lokubamba i-ofisi.
Ndibhengeza ukuba ndizimisele ukwamkela unyulo olukhankanywe ngasentla kwaye ndifumaneke ukuba ndisebenze kwiBhunga leXeshana labaSebenzi beMpilo beMveli ukuba ngaba uMphathiswa unokugqiba ekubeni andiqeshe kwesi sikhundla.
Ndonyula lomsebenzi ukhankanywe ngasentla ukuba asebenze kwiBhunga leXeshana labaSebenzi beMpilo beMveli.
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Ukuze ube ufanelekile kufuneka ube utshatile okanye uhlalisana neqabane lakho. Kufuneka ubenabantu abaxhomekeke kuwe ngokwezimali, njengabantwana bakho okanye ube unomntu omdala wakowenu ohlala naye. Kufuneka ube ungummi waseMzantsi-Afrika okanye ube unemvume esisigxina yobumi baseMzantsi-Afrika. Kufuneka ube neminyaka engama-21 okanye nangaphezulu ube uyakwazi ukuthatha isigqibo/isivumelwano. Umvuzo wakho wenyanga mawube awudluli kuma-R3 500 ngenyanga. Ukongeza koku kungasentla, kufuneka ube awuzange wakha wafumana inkxaso-mali yokuthenga okanye ukwakha indlu kurhulumente, yaye ube ungazange ukhe ubenayo nendlu eyeyakho.
Yiya kwiSebe leziNdlu lePhondo okanye ii-Ofisi zikaMasipala wengingqi yakho ufake khona isicelo sakho.
Abantu abakhubazekileyo abafanelekileyo kule nkxaso bafumana inkxaso yesixa esinokufikelela kuma-R25 580.00, kunye nezinye iimali ezongezelelwa kule ukulungiselela izinto ezizezinye ezinokufuneka kwizindlu zabo ezifana nokulungisa amabala, iindawo ezithambekileyo (endaweni yamanqwanqwa) eziya kwiminyango yabo, iindawo zokubambelela kwizindlu zokuhlambela, iindlela ezilula zokucofa iminyango xa ivulwa kunye namaxilongo asemnyango abonakalayo, kwabo bangevayo.
Olu hlobo lwenkxaso luyafumaneka kubantu abazimeleyo abanomdla wokuthenga izindlu esele zikho okanye iindawo zokwakha, ezinxulumene nekontraka yokwakha izindlu eyaziwayo / esebenzayo.
Ukuba uhlala kwindawo elungisiweyo owayithengiselwa ngurhulumente, ufanelekile ukuba ungafumana INKXASO YOKUKUZINZISA, yaye uza kufumana i-R12 521.00 yokwakha isakhiwo esingaphezulu okanye ukwandisa loo ndlu sele unayo kweso siza.
Olu hlobo lweenkxaso lunikwa iziko lezindlu elinokuba neqela labantu abazimeleyo elithe lafumana ilungelo elisemthethweni lokuzakhela indawo yokuhlalisa abantu ze luyilawule.
Eli ziko lifumana ama-R23 100.00 ngendlu nganye okanye usapho olungenisa ngaphantsi kwama-R3 500.00 ngenyanga.
Owona msebenzi we-RHLF kukubolekisa ngemali, isebenzisa abadibanisi / oonozaku-zaku, kubanini-zindlu abamivuzo iphantsi abafuna ukwandisa izindlu zabo. Ulwandiso lwezindlu yinkqubo eqhutywa ngabantu gabalala; yaye owona msebenzi ungundoqo we-RHLF kukuxhobisa amakhaya amivuzo iphantsi asezilalini ukuze afumane imali-mboleko ekwizinga elithile neya kuthi ibancede ekuvuseleleni amandla abo okuzinceda, besonga yaye bekwaphucula izinga lezindlu ezibakhuselayo ngokuya kuhamba amaxesha.
Ezi ke zizindlu ezakhiwa ziikontraki eziqeshwe liphondo okanye umasipala ukuba zilungiselele uninzi lwabantu ukuba lube lolufanelekileyo kwezi nkxaso.
Ubungakanani benkxaso-mali buxhomekeke kwingeniso/umvuzo wakho; iimali ezizezinye eziya kuthi zifuneke ziya kukhutshwa ngumnini-ndlu.
Le nkxaso inikwa ababoleki-mali beebhanki abathe ngomhla wama-31 ku-Agasti 1997 babe, ubuncinane, beneenyanga ezintathu bengasawabhatali amatyala abo ebhankini; nabathi ke ngoku bafuna ukuthuthela kwizindlu ezifikelelekayo kubo.
Le nkxaso inikwa abantu abafuna ukuzakhela izindlu. Into eyenza yahluke kwiNkxaso eNxulumene neeProjekthi (Project Linked Subsidy), apho iikontraka zakha izindlu zabantu abaninzi, iNkqubo yokuZakhela kwaBantu yona ivumela abantu okanye abo bafumana inkxaso ukuba bokhe okanye baziququzelele ngokwabo ukwakhiwa kwamakhaya abo.
Kule nkqubo, ngabantu abazijongela ngokwabo indlela yokwakhiwa kwezindlu zabo bexhaswa yimibutho yenkxaso. Zikhona iimali ezongezelelweyo zokuhlawula imisetyenzana ehambelana noku kwakha.
URhulumente uqale umthetho wokuba abantu abafumana inkxaso-mali bancedane nokufumana ilungelo lokuxhaswa ngezimali zokwakha. Injongo yoku yayikukuqinisekisa ukuba abo bafumene le nkxaso-mali bathatha inxaxheba kwizigqibo ezimalunga neemfuno zabo zezindlu, ukwakha imeko yokukhulisa ukuqhela ukonga nokuba konke oko kufumaneke ngale nkxaso-mali yezindlu kube nexabiso kubanini-mizi. Ukusuka ngomhla woku-1 ku-Epreli ka-2002, bonke ababefumene inkxaso-mali yezindlu balindeleke ukuba bahlawule imali yokuncedisa kulwakhiwo lwezindlu zabo.
Abantu abadala, abakhubazekileyo nabampilo inkene-nkene ababefumene le nkxaso-mali, bantu abo bafumana umvuzo ongaphantsi kwama-R800 ngenyanga.
Abo bafumana inkxaso-mali kwiNkqubo yokuZakhela kwaBantu evunyiweyo.
Abaxhaswa abafumana izindlu zikarhulumente ngenxa yeemeko ezingxamisekileyo / ezifuna uncedo olukhawulezileyo.
Le nkxaso ilungene kuphela abo bafumana inkxaso kuba benamalungelo omhlaba abokhe kuwo. Lo mhlaba udla ngokuba sezilalini yaye ngokarhulumente, ulawulwa ziinkokheli zemveli. Iinkxaso-mali zifumaneka ngokohlobo lweeprojekthi kuphela, yaye abo bayifumanayo baxhaswa ngabameli bokwenziwa komsebenzi (impementing agents). Abaxhaswa banalo nabo ilungelo lokuzigqibela ukuba bangayisebenzisa njani inkxaso-mali yabo, mhlawumbi ngokunika iinkonzo, ukwakha izindlu okanye baxube zombini ezi zinto.
Phambili phaya, ngakumbi kwiiLokishi zabaNtsundu ezifana neSoweto, iMamelodi njalo njalo, oorhulumente abagqithileyo babesakha izindlu ezibolekisayo, ezirentwayo ngabantu abahlala kuzo.
Abaxhamli ababehlala kwezi zindlu, berenta, phambi komhla we-15 kuMatshi ka-1991 banokufaka izicelo zesaphulelo kumaxabiso ezithengiswa ngawo izindlu zabo, saphulelo eso sinokufika kuma-R7 500.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi zindlu zinikwa abantu ngaphandle kwemali / bengazihlawulelanga ngenxa yokuba esi saphulelo sama-R7 500.00 singaphezu kwexabiso ethengiswa ngalo indlu leyo.
NgokoMthetho weZindlu, uMphathiswa wezeZindlu uqale imigaqo nomgangatho wezindlu.
Imali engekho ngaphezu kwama-R10 579,00 eyiyeyona nkxaso iphakamileyo, inokukhutshwa xa kuye kwafuneka usetyenziso lobuchwepheshe lobunjineli obukwizinga eliphantsi.
Imali eseleyo engama-R12 521,00 kufuneka isetyenziswe kwisakhiwo esiphezulu, apho ubuncinane kufuneka sibe zii-30m2 zendawo ethathwe ngumgangatho (floor) xa uwonke.
Abaxhaswa abafuna ukufumana izindlu ezakhiwe ziikontraka kufuneka baqale ngokuhlawula imali yokuncedisa engama-R2 479,00.
Ubukho bezindlu zangasese, iindawo zokuhamba kwamanzi edreyini (stormwater-drainage) yinto enyanzelekileyo.
Abaxhaswa abazimisele ukuthatha inxaxheba ekwakhiweni kwezindlu zabo ngeNkqubo yokuZakhela kwaBantu, abazi kuhlawula mali yakuncedisa kulwakhiwo olo.
Ngaba abancedisi bethu kulwakhiwo lwezindlu benza ntoni?
Ukujongana nokukhutshwa kwenkxaso-mali yokuthutha, njengendlela yokuzinzisa imeko yokuhlala kwabantu ezindlwini zabo. Le yinkampani elubambiswano phakathi kweebhanki norhulumente apho kuqinisekiswa ngokukhutshwa kwenkxaso-mali yokuthutha njengenxalenye yendlela yokuzinzisa imeko yokuhlala kwabantu ezindlwini.
Ukuzisa okanye ukwakha izindlu ezifanelekileyo ngeenjongo zokuzenza zilingane umgatho ofanelekileyo.
i-Servon iya kuqhuba nokunika iThubelitsha iinkcukacha ezizeleyo malunga nabanini-zindlu abasayine izivumelwano zokulinganiswa (rightsizing) kwezindlu zabo. Ezi nkcukacha ziya kufaniswa / kujongisiswa yiThubelitsha, ze zihlolwe ngokubhekiselele kwiimpawu zokuma kwendawo nokukwazi ukumelana neendleko kumnini-ndlu ukuze kuqondwe inani, indlela kunye nokubekwa kwezinto zendlu ezifunekayo.
Isigunyaziso seNurcha sesokuba bancedisane nokungena kwezimali eziphuma kumaziko emali ukuza kulwakhiwo lwezindlu ezingabizi kakhulu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iNurcha ikhupha iziqinisekiso zokuba ngumnxibelelanisi phakathi komnini-mzi nombolekisi ngemali. Ikwalawula inkqubo yoKonga yeZindlu.
Ukuphuhlisa ngokubanzi nokwakha unxibelelwano phakathi kwamaziko okwakha izindlu zasekuhlaleni.
Ukukhuthaza ukufunwa kwentsebenziswano apha elizweni nakumazwe angaphandle, ngokudibanisa abantu abafanelekileyo kwiimeko ezohlukeneyo, ukukhulisa utshintshiselwano ngolwazi nezakhono, kananjalo nentsebenziswano.
Ii-NHBRC zigunyaziswe ukuba zimele iimfuno zabathengi bezindlu ngokuthi zize nesiqinisekiso sokhuseleko kwiingxaki ezithi zivele kumakhaya amatsha kwanokuza nokhuseleko lwabathengi-zindlu xa abakhi bengaphumeleli ukuthobela izivumelwano zabo ezihambelana noMthetho.
Ilizwe elihlala kwindawo ezinezindlu ezinozinzo nokhuseleko.
Ukwakha nokuncedisa kwinkqubo ezinzileyo eya kuthi ize nokuvumeleka okulinganayo kwizindlu ezanele wonke umntu.
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AMAXESHA EPROJETHI ACETYISIWEYO/ANDULULIWEYO KUNYE NEEMPUMELELO EZINGUNDOQO Nini?
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Thina kwiSebe sizibophelele ekubekeni le mithethosiseko "aBantu kuQala" ilandelayo ukuba isebenze ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Siyakubeka uphunyezo oluya kufika kwimigangatho ephakamileyo kunye neyamkelekileyo nenobulunga yeenkonzo ngokukhawuleza.
Kufanele ukuba abemi kudityanwe nabo malunga nomgangatho kunye nobulunga benkonzo karhulumente abayifumanayo, kwaye apho kukho khona imfuneko kufuneka bazikhethele kwiinkonzo ezinikezwayo.
Kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba uQhagamshelwano lwenziwa rhoqo kwaye lube ngendlela eyiyo ukwenzela ukuba i-ofisi yakho izazi iimfuno zabaxhasi bakho.
Abemi kufuneka baxelelwa ngomgangatho kunye nobulunga benkonzo zikarhulumente abaza kuzifumana ukwenzela ukuba bazi ukuba balindele ntoni na.
Unemfanelo kunye noxanduva olupheleleyo kwiqumrhu lowiso-mthetho ekuphumezeni inkqubo kaRhulumente, ngoko kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba iinkonzo zinekezwa ngomgangatho owamkelekileyo kubaxhasi.
Bonke abemi kufanele ukuba babe nokufikelela okulinganayo kwiinkonzo abanelungelo lazo.
Kufuneka ukuba ucacise kwaye uyibeke into ojolise kuyo kufikelelo oluqhubayo nolunyukayo usenzela abo bebengazifumani ngaphambili, umzekelo abantu abaZizilima. Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba yonke imiqobo yofikelelo iyasuswa.
Abemi kufanele ukuba baphathwe ngembeko kwaye bacingelwe.
Ulwazi sesinye sezixhobo ezinamandla kumxhasi ukuba asebenzise ilungelo lakhe lenkonzo elungileyo. Ii-ofisi mazinike ulwazi olupheleleyo, oluchanekileyo noluhlaziyiweyo malunga neenkonzo ezizinikayo.
Abemi kufuneka ukuba baxelelwe ukuba kusetyenzwa njani na kwii-ofisi zikaZwelonke kunye nezemiMandla, zixabisa kangakanani na kwaye ngubani oziphetheyo.
Ayingobaxhasi bangaphandle kuphela ekumele ukuba bafikelele kolu hlobo lolwazi kodwa naso nesitafu sangaphakathi. Ulawulo malube yincwadi evulekileyo. Kufuneka ukuba unike ulwazi kumsebenzi wakho kwimigangatho ebekiweyo ukuze ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso, ulondolozo lwezimali luphucuke kwaye kube kwimpumelelo ekhulayo. Iinkcukacha zamalungu esitafu kunye nezamagosa aphezulu mazingabi yimfihlo.
Ukuba ngaba imigangatho yenkonzo ethenjisiweyo ayifezekiswa, kufuneka kucelwe uxolo kubemi, inkcazo egcweleyo kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo nolusebenzayo kwaye xa izikhalazo zenziwe, abemi mabafumane impendulo entle nenovelwano.
Ukuba nako kunye nokuvuma ukuba kubekho into oyenzayo xa izinto zingahambi yinxenye efunekayo kwinkqubo yokumiswa kwemigangatho. Kufuneka uyikhuthaze impendulo kwi-ofisi yakho.
Iinkonzo zikarhulumente kufuneka zinikwe ngokwezoqoqosho kunye nangokwaneleyo ukwenzela ukunika abemi elona xabiso lililo lemali yabo.
Kufuneka ukuba uchonge imimandla apho ulondolozo olwaneleyo luyakufunwa khona kunye nokuphucuka kufezekiso lwenkonzo oziphuma zalo iya kuba kukuphumeza ulondolozo. Kufuneka ukuba imali yakho iqeshwe ngobulumko.
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Njengoko sisazi ukuba isini yindlela yokwahlula abantu entlalweni kwaye sinophawu lokungalingani, injongo yalo mgaqo kukugxininisa ukuba kubekho ulingano kwisini kwaye kujongwe nokuxhotyiswa kwabasetyhini/ kwabafazi. Ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yolingano kwisini kujolise ekuqinisekiseni ubulungisa kwindlela abaphethwe ngayo abasetyhini namadoda ngokunjalo nokubandakanywa kwabo kumanyathelo awodwa okujongana nokungalingani kwisini nokwandisa ukuzimela kwabasetyhini. La manyathelo awodwa nale nkqubo yokuxhobisa, zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekunyangeni ubudlelwane bokungalingani ngamagunya phakathi kwabasetyhini namadoda.
Idemokhrasi yethu ayizuzanga nje ilifa lokungalingani ngokwenqanaba nobuhlanga, kodwa ikwazuze nelifa lokungalingani okwendeleyo kwisini. Oku kungalingani ngokwesini sisiphumo sendlela ekubonwa ngayo izinto entlalweni nangokwenkcubeko neengcinga ezisoloko zisetyenziswa njalo malunga nendima yabasetyhini neyamadoda phakathi koluntu. Ukungalingani phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi kuphinde komelezwa yingcinga yamandulo engathi yeyobuKrestu, ubuntloko bendoda ekhaya kwanobuhlanga. Inkqubo yokusebenza kude nekhaya nengcinga yombuso eyayivumela ukungalingani nokuxhatshazwa kwezoqoqosho, zizinto ezo ezenza lehla ngakumbi izinga labasetyhini, ingakumbi abafazi abamnyama.
Umba weembono zesini ngokwemigaqo yezoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni, usasazo nezePosi, ngomnye wemibandela ephambili ekwakheni ngokutsha nasekucwangciseni kweli candelo lezoqhakamshelwano. Ukuba eyona njongo kukuba kufikelelwe lihlabathi lonke kwiinkonzo zoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni, asisayi kuzuza iziphumo esizifunayo ukuba singangawukhathaleli umba wesini kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa. Akukho mfuneko yokuba kubekho ukungangqinelani phakathi kweenjongo zesesini neenjongo zophuhliso; kwelinye icala iyacaca into yokuba enye indlela yokwenza ukuba kufikelelwe kwezoqhakamshelwano, kuqukwa ifowuni nezolwazi kwezobuchwepheshe njenge-Intanethi, kubantu abangenazo ezi nkonzo nabo banemivuzo ephantsi, kukukhuthaza amashishini amancinci okanye aphakathi, amaninzi wawo aqhutywa ngabafazi, ngamaqela abafazi okanye abantu ebebehlelelekile okanye abahlwempuzekileyo. Inkqubo enjalo ingavumela imigaqo yokuyila neyawo wonke ubani. Eneneni, ukuvumela imigaqo ngeembono zesini kwezoqhakamshelwano kuthetha ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo indlela ebebephethwe ngokwahlukileyo ngayo abafazi namdoda entlalweni kwaye kwakhona kuqondwe nemiphumela eyahlukeneyo yomgaqo kwezi zini zingafaniyo.
Izinto ezinzulu zoLwazi loBuchwepheshe kwezoQhakamshelwano ezibhekisa kumadoda nabafazi kwingqesho, kwimfundo, kuqeqesho nakweminye imimandla yobomi yokuziphuhlisa zithetha ukuba abafazi badinga ukukhuthazwa nokuxhaswa ukuba bathathe indawo yabo kwinguquko yolwazi. Umzekelo, ukugxininisa kwabafazi kumsebenzi wokuba ngoomabhalana kwezoLwazi loBuchwepeshe kwezoQhakamshelwano ukubasi ndawo kumanqanaba oLwazi loBuchwepheshe kwezoQhakamshelwano. Iya kuthetha ntoni na imfuneko yokwanda kwamanqanaba obuchule bokwenza kwingqesho yabafazi kuLwazi loBuchwepheshe kwezoQhakamshelwano kwixa elizayo Izifundo ezenziweyo zibonisa ukuba amadoda asaqhuba ukubangaphaya kwabafazi kuqeqesho olufunekayo lomsebenzi ofuna ubuchule bokwenza obukumgangatho ophezulu. Kwelinye icala, abafazi eAfrika baxakeke kakhulu yimisebenzi yorhwebo olucwangcisiweyo nolungacwangciswanga. Akukho mathandabuzo kwinto yokuba abafazi nguwona mkhosi omkhulu kuqoqosho kumazwe asaphuhlayo. Njengoko uqoqosho luhamba nolwazi , imibandela yokufikelela kwabafazi kulwazi; ukuvelisa nokudlulisa ulwazi zizinto eziya zibaluleka e-Afrika?
Ukuxhotyiswa kwabafazi nokuthatha inxaxheba kwabo ngokupheleleyo ngokokulingana kuwo onke amanqanaba oluntu, kuqukwa nokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo nokufikelela kumagunya, zizinto ezo eziphambili ekuzuzweni kolingano, uphuhliso noxolo.
Lo mgaqo unika umboniso weziphumo, iindlela zokwenza, imisebenzi nezikhokelo zokuxhasa ukuzuzwa kolingano kwisini. Ubulungisa yindlela ukuze ulingano ibe sisiphumo.
Indibaniselwano eguqukileyo esekwe kulingano phakathi kwabafazi namadoda yimeko yophuhliso oluzinzileyo olubeka abantu phambili
Iriphabhlikhi yoMzantsi Afrika yaqinisela iNgqungquthela yokuShenxisa zonke Iindlela zokuCalula Abafazi (iCEDAW ngamafutshane kolwasemzini) ngomhla we-15 kuDisemba wowe-1995 ngaphandle kwamathidala. ICEDAW imemeza yonke imibuso ukuba 'ikhabe ucalucalulo lwabafazi lwandlela zonke, ivume ukulandela ngazo zonke iindlela nangaphandle kokulibazisa umgaqo oshenxisa ucalucalulo lwabafazi ukuze kusetyenziswe umgaqo ohamba nomgaqo-siseko nowisomthetho namanyathelo asebenzayo ukuze kuzuzwe ulingano lwabafazi.
Nasiphi na isivumelwano selizwe lonke liphela siba ngumthetho kwiRiphabhlikhi xa simiselwa emthethweni luwisomthetho lukazwelonke; kodwa igatya elizilawulayo lesivumelwano esivunywe yiPalamente ngumthetho kwiRiphabhlikhi ngaphandle kokuba asihambiselani noMgaqo-siseko okanye uMthetho wePalamente. Xa kutolikwa naluphi na uwisomthetho, zonke iinzame mayibe zezokutolika ngendlela efanelekileyo ehambelana nomthetho welizwe lonke liphela ngaphezu kokutolika ngendlela engahambiselaniyo nomthetho welizwe liphela.
KwiNkomfa yeSine yeLizwe engaBafazi eyayiqhutyelwa eBeijing ngoSeptemba 1995, uMgangatho weNyathelo (iBPA ngamafutshane kolwasemzini) wamkelwa. Le BPA yandlala uludwe lwezibophelelo neendlela zobuchule zokuphuculwa kwabafazi nokufunyanwa kokulingana kwisini kwilizwe lonke.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule A1: ukuphonononga, ukwamkela nokugcina emgangathweni imigaqo ebanzi yoqoqosho neendlela zobuchule zophuhliso ezijongene nezidingo neenzame zabafazi abahlwempuzekileyo. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule A2: ukuhlaziya imithetho neendlela zokwenza zolawulo ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela kwabafazi kwimithombo yobutyebi yoqoqosho. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule F1: ukukhuthaza amalungelo oqoqosho abafazi nokuzimela, kuqukwa nokufikelela kwingqesho, iimeko zokusebenza ezifanelekileyo nolawulo lwemithombo yobutyebi yoqoqosho. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule F2: ukwenza lula ukufikelela ngokulinganayo kwabafazi kwimithombo yobutyebi, kwingqesho kurhwebo noshishino.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule F3: ukunika iinkonzo zoshishino, uqeqesho nokufikelela kurhwebo, ulwazi nobuchwepheshe, ingakumbi abafazi abamivuzo iphantsi.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule F4: ukuqinisa amandla oqoqosho abafazi neminatha yokusebenza yorhwebo. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule F5: ukushenxisa ukwahlukaniswa emsebenzini nazo zonke iindlela zocalucalulo kwingqesho. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule F6: ukukhuthaza ukudityaniswa komsebenzi noxanduva losapho lwabafazi namadoda. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule G1: ukuthatha amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela ngokulinganayo kwabafazi nokuthatha kwabo inxaxheba kumaqumrhu asemagunyeni nasekwenzeni izigqibo. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule G2: ukwandisa isakhono sabafazi sokuthatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni izigqibo nakubunkokeli. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule J1: ukwandisa ukuthatha inxaxheba nokufikelela kwabafazi kuvakaliso lwezimvo nasekwenzeni izigqibo kwijelo leendaba nakwiindlela zobuchwepheshe zoqhakamshelwano. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo.
Injongo yendlela yobuchule J2: ukukhuthaza indlela yokuzotywa kwabafazi elungeleleneyo nengasekwanga kwingcinga ethile.
NgoFebhruwari 1996, iKhabhinethi yoMzantsi Afrika yabophelela iSebe lezoqhakamshelwano kunye namanye Amasebe ukuba aphumeze iBPA. Icala lomgaqo wobulungisa kwezesini kuSasazo, kuQhakamshelwano ngefowuni nakwicandelo lezePosi kufuneka kugxininiswe kulo ngokoba ilizwe lizibophelele ekudibaniseni umbono wesini kwimigaqo nakwiinkqubo zonke. Kungenxa yomoya weli gunya le nto kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo ajolise ekuzuzeni ubulungisa kwezesini. Ukulingana kwisini ligatya loMgaqo-siseko kwaye ke ngoko kunyanzelekile. Inkululeko ayingekhe izuzwe ngaphandle kokuba abafazi bakhululwe kuzo zonke iindlela zengcinezelo. Iinjongo zoKwakha ngokutsha noPhuhliso bezinganakuqondwa ngaphandle kokuba sibona ngamehlo enyama ukuba imeko yabafazi itshintshile, ingcono kwaye abafazi baxhotyisiwe ukuba bangene phakathi kuyo yonke imiba yobomi bekunye nalo naliphi na ilungu loluntu.
Ubulungisa bokwaba kufuna ukuba abafazi bathathe inxaxheba kuluntu oluqhutywa lulwazi loQhakamshelwano lwefowuni phantsi kwesiseko sobulungisa. Iinguquko kwezobuchwepheshe kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukukhuthaza ukuxhotyiswa kwabafazi kwezoqoqosho nentlalo. Loo nto ke iya kuzala ukukhula korhwebo lokukwazi ukwenza nokudlulisa iinkonzo. Icala lobulungisa kwisini libalulekile kwakhona kwicala lophuhliso lwezakhono lwelizwe. Kwixesha lolwazi lweendlela zemveliso, olwenziwe lula luphuhliso loqhakamshelwano ngefowuni kuya kufaneleka ukushukumisa ubuchule bokwenza kwabafazi obungazange bachukunyiswa kulungiselelwa imisebenzi yokulawula neyobuchwepheshe. Kungenxa yokubaluleka kobuchule bokwenza kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo le nto kufuneka kujongwe ngokwesini ukumema abantu, uqeqesho, imigaqo yendlela yokusebenza nezinto ezenziwayo zecandelo loLwazi loBuchwepheshe kwezoQhakamshelwano. Injongo yoLwazi loBuchwepheshe kwezoQhakamshelwano nobulungisa ngokwesini kukuthatha inxaxheba ngokuzeleyo kwabafazi njengabalingane abalinganayo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo loluntu.
Ubulungisa kwisini yinkqubo yokwenza ubulungisa kubafazi namadoda. Ukuqinisekisa ubulungisa kufuneka esoloko ekhona amanyathelo okubuyekeza ukungalungelelani okukhoyo kwisini okuzalwa yimbali yethu neemeko zentlalo ezinqanda abafazi namadoda ukuba basebenze kwinqanaba elinye. Ubulungisa bukhokelela kulingano.
Ukulingana kwisini kuthetha ukuba abafazi namadoda bafumana iwonga elifanayo. Ukulingana kwisini kuthetha ukuba abafazi namadoda baneemeko ezifanayo zokuqonda amalungelo oluntu abo apheleleyo namandla okwenza igalelo kuphuhliso lukazwelonke, olwepolitiki, oloqoqosho olwentlalo nolwenkcubeko, kwaye zekuzuzwe ngeziphumo.
Ukulingana kwisini ke ngoko kukuxatyiswa ngokulinganayo luluntu lwezinto ezifanayo nezingumahluko phakathi kwabafazi namadoda neendima ezingafaniyo abazidlalayo.
Ukuzibophelela ekucimeni zonke iintlobo zocalucalulo ezisekwe kwisini, ubuhlanga, ubudala , ulwimi nokulimala.
Ukufaka isini kuyo yonke imigaqo neenkqubo zesebe lezoqhakamshelwano nombutho ongumbululu wesebe. Kwangaxeshanye isebe lisazinikezele ukuguqula ubudlelwane kumagunya kwindawo yokusebenza linenjongo yexesha elide yokufaka isini kuluntu loMzantsi Afrika.
Ukunciphisa ukungalingani kwisini ekufikeleleni nasekulawuleni imithombo yobutyebi neenzuzo zophuhliso.
Ukuqhubela phambili ukulingana kwisini ngaphakathi, oko kutsho kwiSebe lona ngenkqu nakumaqela elinendibaniselwano nawo. Amagatya omgaqo-sieko nezibophelelo zikarhulumente axhasa lo mbono.
Ukufaka izinto eziphathelele kwisini kuyo yonke imisebenzi neenkqubo ukuze kuzuzwe ukulingana kwabafazi kwiSebe nakwabo linendibaniselwano nabo.
Ukuphuhlisa isakhelo sabantu abanomdla kwezesini abaya kuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yenguqu nemisebenzi yeSebe nabendibaniselwano ukuba benza ubulungisa kuwo onke amanqanaba.
Imiqathango ekhokelayo yomgaqo wesini kwiSebe lezoQhakamshelwano ziphuma kuMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika, kwiMithetho yoBulungisa yeNgqesho kwakunye namanye amaxwebhu kazwelonke asemthethweni ahambelana nenguqu.
Umgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika unika isiseko sokusebenza esisemthethweni solingano kwisini nasekuyileni inkcubeko entsha yamalungelo oluntu ebonisa ukubaluleka kwesini. Umgaqo-siseko uqinisela ukulingana kumxokelelwano wezinto ezixabisekileyo elizweni ngemiqathango esisiseko 'yesidima somntu, amalungelo oluntu, iinkululeko ezisisiseko ukungabiko komkhethe ngokobuhlanga nangokwesini.'
Le miqathango kuthethwe ngayo banzi kuMthetho oYilwayo waMalungelo eqinisela amagatya angokulingana, iNyathelo lokukhathalela Ababehlelelekile, inkululeko nokhuseleko lomntu, amalungelo ezoqoqosho nentlalo, ilungelo leenkonzo ezisisiseko nokuphakama kwegatya lolingano kwiimeko zempixano phakathi kwemithetho yenkolo nesiko nomgaqo-siseko.
Ukongeza kwimiqathango, izixhobo zelizwe jikelele, ezommndla nezesini zommndla zixhasa lo mgaqo.
a. Ulingano kwisini kufuneka luthathwe njengondoqo kwimigaqo, kwiinkqubo nakumaphulo onke. Ukongeza kwinto yokuba ulingano kwisini ngomnye woondoqo kuRhulumente, ulingano kwisini yinjongo ebalulekileyo. Ukujongana nolingano kwisini njengenjongo ebalulekileyo kufuna izimvo zabafazi, izinto ezinomdla nezidingo ibe zizo ezilungisa uluhlu lwemicimbi yenguqu kwaneyamadoda kwaye uluhlu lwemicimbi yenguqu luxhasa inkqubela ebhekisa kubudlelwane obulinganayo phakathi kwabafazi namadoda.
b. Ukuzuza ulingano kwisini kufuna kwaziwe ukuba wonke umgaqo, inkqubo nephulo ziyabachaphazela abafazi namadoda ngokwahlukeneyo. Abafazi namadoda baneembono ezahlukeneyo; udidi, uhlanga, abantu bodidi, ubuhlanga okanye ubudala kusenokunyanzelisa izidingo, izinto ezinomdla, iindima nemithombo yobutyebi - nezo zinto zingumahluko. Imigaqo, iinkqubo namaphulo kufuneka ijongane nezinto ezingumahluko kumava nakwiimeko phakathi kwabafazi namadoda.
c. Ukuzuza ulingano kwisini akuthethi ukuba abafazi baza kufana namadoda. Ukulingana kuthetha ukuba amalungelo okanye amathuba omntu akaxhomekeki ekubeni uyindoda okanye ungumfazi.
d. Ukuxhotyiswa kwabafazi kungundoqo ekuzuzweni kolingano kwisini. Ngenxa yokuxhotyiswa, abafazi bathi baqonde ukungalingani kwamagunya, bakwazi ukubulawula ubomi babo kwaye bafumane nelizwi elivakalayo lokoyisa ukungalingani ekhaya, emsebenzini nakwibutho lasekuhlaleni. Ukuxhotyiswa kubhekisa ebantwini - abafazi namadoda- abalawula ubomi babo: abamisa uluhlu lwemicimbi yabo, abafumana ubuchule bokwenza, ukwakhiwa kokuzithemba, ukusombulula iingxaki nophuhliso lokuzithemba. Ayiyonkqubo nje yentlalo neyepolitiki, kodwa ikwayeyomntu - kwaye ayiyonkqubo nje kuphela ikwasisiphumo. Abantu bangaphandle abanakubaxhobisa abafazi: abafazi bangazixhobisa bona ngokuba bakwazi ukuzikhethela kwaye bavakalise nezabo izimvo. Phofu ke, amaziko angazixhasa iinkqubo ezandisa ukuzithemba kwabafazi, eziphuhlisa ukuzithemba kwaye ezibanceda ukumisa uluhlu lwemicimbi yabo.
e. Ukukhuthaza ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokulinganayo kwabafazi njengamagosa enguqu kwinkqubo yezoqoqosho, eyentlalo nepolitiki, kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ulingano kwisini. Ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokulinganayo kungaphezu kwento yonke. Kuquka ilungelo elilinganayo labafazi lokuvakalisa izidingo zabo kwanezinto ezingumdla kubo, neembono zabo ngoluntu nokulungelelanisa- izigqibo ezichaphazela ubomi babo nokuba bahlala kwinkcubeko enjani. Lo mqathango ukwabhekisa kwisakhono sabafazi sokufikelela nokulawula imithombo yoqoqosho kwaye benze nezigqibo zokuphucula izinga lobomi babo. Indibaniselwano neqela likaZwelonke lesini ngokuvunywa yiKhabhinethi, imibutho yabafazi namanye amaqela asebenzela ulingano kwisini, iyafuneka ukuze incedise kule nkqubo.
f. Ulingano kwisini lungazuzwa kuphela ngendibaniselwano phakathi kwabafazi namadoda. Xa ukuzikhethela kwabafazi namadoda kwandisiwe, lonke uluntu luyazuza. Ulingano kwisini ngumbandela ochaphazela abafazi namadoda kwaye ukuluzuza kuya kubandakanya ukusebenza namadoda ukuze kubekho inguqu kwimo, kwindlela yokuziphatha, kwiindima nakuxanduva ekhaya, emsebenzini nakwibutho lasekuhlaleni.
g. Ukuzuza ulingano kwisini kuya kufuna amanyathelo awodwa enzelwe ukushenxisa ukungalingani kwisini. Ngokunikwa nje ukungalingani okwendeleyo, ukuphathwa ngokungalinganiyo kwabafazi namadoda kwanele njengendlela yobuchule yolingano kwisini. Kufuneka kuphuhliswe amanyathelo awodwa okujongana nemigaqo, imithetho, iinkqubo, izithethe, iinkolelo nezinto ezenziwayo ezigcine ukungalingani kwisini. La manyathelo obulungisa kwisini, aphuhliswe kunye nabo bachaphazelekayo, kufuneka axhase isakhono sabafazi ukuba bazikhethele ngobomi babo.
h. Imigaqo, iinkqubo namaphulo kufuneka ibe zizinto ezinegalelo kulingano lwesini. Iziphumo zolingano kwisini kufuneka zifakwe kumanyathelo okuqala.
Imiqathango, izindululo namagatya kolu xwebhu lweZikhokelo zoLingano kwiSini iya kusebenza ngokukodwa nangokungqalileyo kumaziko ombuso kummandla woSasazo, wezoQhakamshelwano ngefowuni nakwicandelo lePosi.
Kuyacingwa ukuba imiqathango enjalo iya kufaneleka kwimibutho yamashishini nakuluntu olusebenza kwicandelo lezoQhakamshelwano ngefowuni, kuSasazo nakwiinkonzo zePosi.
Ezi zikhokelo zijolise ekuzuzeni ukulingana kwamathuba, ngokubhekiselele ekufikeleleni nasekwabelaneni ngamathuba engqesho, ukulingana nobulungisa ngokwemigqaliselo yobumnini, iinkonzo nemithombo yobutyebi kwanokulingana kwempatho ngabaqeshi nabaniki beenkonzo. Ukulingana kwendlela yokuphathwa akuthethi into yokuba onke amadoda nabafazi mabaphathwe ngokufana ncam (oko kutsho esi sini sisetyenziswe ngokumfamekileyo). Oko kuya kubangela ukuqhubela phambili le misantsa ikhoyo. Ukulingana kwindlela yokuphathwa kubandakanya ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezizodwa nezicacileyo zezintlu ezahlukeneyo zabafazi namadoda. Oku kungabandakanya iinkqubo ezizodwa nokuzinikezela kwemithombo yobutyebi eyongeziweyo, umzekelo kwimeko yabafazi namadoda alimeleyo.
Kuya kugqalwa isikakhulu kwimibandela enxulumene nabafazi nokuxhotyiswa kwabo. Ukuxhotyiswa kwabafazi yindlela yokuzuza ulingano kwisini ayisosiphelo.
Ezi zikhokelo zolingano kwisini zisekwe kuluvo lokuba ulingano kwisini alunakufunyanwa ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba kwabafazi kuwo onke amanqanaba obomi kwakunye nokuxhotyiswa ingakumbi abo bafazi bahlelelekileyo.
Izikhokelo ziyasazi isidingo sokuba umbuso umele ukusebenzisa amagunya aso acwangcisiweyo ukulenza libe semthethweni ixabiso lolingano kwisini kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba abaqeshwa balibambile igatya lolingano nomqathango wokungabinasini.
Kwakhona, olu xwebhu luyasiqonda isidingo samaziko onke kweli candelo ukuba aphuhlise iindlela eziya kuqinisekisa ukuba imixokelelwano yolwazi yolawulo imisiwe kwaye nabasebenzi baqeqeshiwe ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo yokuphumeza umsebenzi ilawulwe ngempumelelo.
Olu xwebhu lugxininisa kwindima yokuhlola nokuphonononga. Kude kube lapha, uluvo olwamkelwayo lolokuba naluphi na uhlobo lwenguqu maluhlolwe ukuze kuthathwe umlinganiselo ukuze kulungiswe, kutshintshwe kwaye kuyilwe ngokutsha imisebenzi ekhoyo.
Abafazi mabaxhotyiswe ngokuba kuphuculwe ubuchule babo bokwenza, ulwazi nokufikelela kulwazi lobuchwepheshe. Oku kuya kuqinisa ukuba nakho kwabafazi ukulwa ukuzotywa kwabo ngendlela engeyiyo kwaye kuhlatywe ikhwelo nangamathuba okusetyenziswa kakubi kwamagunya eshishini elibalulekileyo. Iindlela ezizilawulayo zoshishino kufuneka ziyilwe kwaye ziqiniswe kwaye kuphuhliswe neenkqubo zokushenxisa iinkqubo ezinomkhethe ngakwisini.
Injongo yeli candelo kukunika uluvo lwelizwe lonke liphela lwemibandela ebalulekileyo echaphazela inkqubo yecandelo ebhekise kulingano kwisini. Omakuqwalaselwe kukuphawula imingeni enxulumene nesini neengxaki ekufuneka zoyisiwe ukuba ukuzinikela kukarhulumente kuxhotyiso lwabafazi nolingano kwisini kufuneka kwenziwe ngempumelelo.
Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, inkqubela-phambili kulwazi lobuchwepheshe yenze lula umnatha wokusebenza woqhakamshelwano welizwe jikelele owodlula imida kazwelonke kwaye inemiphumela kumgaqo kawonke-wonke, kwimo nendlela yokuziphatha yabucala ingakumbi eyabantwana nabantu abadala abasebatsha. Kuyo yonke indawo amandla akhona okokuba ezendaba zibe negalelo elikhulu kwinkqubela-phambili yabafazi.
Oku kuvezwa kwemifanekiso ethoba isidima kwezoqhakamshelwano ngeendaba - eze-elektroni, ezishicilelweyo, kwezibonwayo nakweziphulaphulwayo kufuneka kutshintshwe. Iindaba ezishicilelweyo neze-elektroni aziniki umfanekiso olungeleleneyo ngobomi obungafaniyo babafazi negalelo labo eluntwini kwilizwe eliguqukayo. Kwakhona imveliso yezendaba equlethe izinto zobundlobongela, izinto ezithoba isidima nezinto zoburheletya zibachaphazela kakubi abafazi nakwinxaxheba abayithabathayo eluntwini. Iinkqubo ezinyanzelisa iindima zemveli zabafazi nazo zingaphazamisa. Indlela yelizwe liphela yokuthengisa izinto ezisetyenziswayo idale imo apho izibhengezo nemiyalezo yorhwebo ibazoba abafazi ngendlela engeyiyo njengabasebenzisi bezinto neentombi ezingamaxhoba nabafazi bonke.
Iwonga labafazi kumaziko eendaba.. Oku kubhekisa kwizikhundla abakuzo abafazi kula maziko nefuthe labo kwanokubandakanyeka kwabo kwimveliso yolwazi / nakwezolonwabo. Unomathotholo webutho lasekuhlaleni naye licandelo emaliqukwe apha.
Uphando ngeenkqubo ezahlulwe njeengenkqubo zabafazi- ingaba ezi nkqubo zisafanelekile na njengeenkqubo zokujongana nemibandela yabafazi?
Ikamva liyakhazimla; lelo linika amathuba okudala umxokelelwano omtsha wezoqhakamshelwano odiliza ezo ngcinga zisetyenziswa qho zenkcubeko esiye sizamkele. Kufuneka siqalise ukuseka intlangano entsha ngesini - indawo yengxoxo yasekuhleni engokungafani.
Umbutho kumaziko amaninzi kwicandelo lezoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni ubonisa ezi ngcinga zisetyenziswa qho ngesini, apho amadoda amaninzi akwiindawo zobuchwepheshe nakubalawuli abaphezulu ngeli xa bona abafazi benza imisebenzi engenabuchwepheshe, imisebenzi ephantsi ehlawula kancinci. Amadoda abambe icala likawonke-wonke ukuze bona abafazi babambe icala langasese. Umzamo wokuqala ukutshintsha le meko kufuneka usekwe phezu kohlalutyo olucokisisiweyo lwesini lomkhosi wokusebenza kumaziko onke akwezoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni. Lolu fundo oluya kutyhila amacala onke okwahlulwa ngokwesini kumaziko ezoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni.
Umntu ke apha ngumsebenzisi weenkonzo zoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni. Abasebenzisi ngamadoda nabafazi, benza imisebenzi kwaye badlala neendima ezahlukileyo ekhaya, emsebenzini nakwibutho lasekuhlaleni, ngoko ke banezidingo , iimfuno, namalungelo aphambili ohlukeneyo. Lo mahluko obangwa sisini umele uqwalaselwe xa kucwangciswa iinkonzo zoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni. Oku kungenziwa ngokuba kuqukwe uhlalutyo lwesini nocwangciso lwesini njengezixhobo kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa.
Kukho isidingo esikhulu sokuba kuqhutywe izifundo ezingokwahlulwa ngenxa yesini, izifundo zezidingo neendlela zenkqubo yoqhakamshelwano ukuze kunikwe ulwazi ngezidingo zoqhakamshelwano ezingekajongwa ziinkampani zoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni. Kwakhona, kumaphulo ophuhliso amaninzi kuya kufunwa ulwazi ngeenkcubeko, njengoko ziya kubanjalo iincutshe kwezesini. Iindlela zokuthatha inxaxheba kwiphulo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ekuphumezeni oku, kubandakanywa abasebenzisi abangamabhinqa namadoda.
Ngokubhekiselele kumanyathelo okuqala angobulungisa kwicandelo lezoqhakamshelwano kwifowuni, kufuneka kubanjwe iingxoxo zabasebenzi bonke kuqukwa namadoda nabasebenzi abaphetheyo phambi kokuba kuthatyathwe amanyathelo okuqala. Isizathu soku kukuba ithuba lempumelelo liya kuba likhulu ukuba abasebenzi bayawaxhasa amanyathelo okuqala kumanqanaba onke. Kwakhona, izifundo zamacala onke zokungalungelelani kwezesini kufuneka ziqhutywe ukuze kusekwe umgca osisiseko wokuthathela umlinganiselo wenkqubela.
Ukudibanisa imibandela yesini nezoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni yinkqubo eza kufuna kusetyenzwe. Iinjongo zenkqubo nganye yokulamla oku kufuneka ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo. Iindlela ezisetyenziswayo ukuzuza ezi njongo, neenjongo zona ngokwazo kufuneka ziphononongwe zilungiswe ukulungiselela inkqubela neenguqu. Ngokunikwa imithombo yobutyebi efunekayo kwaye ngaphezu koko ukuvuma ukuba kubekho inguqu, kuyakwazeka ukudibanisa imibandela yesini nezoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni ukuze oko kube yinzuzo kubasebenzisi nakwiinkampani zoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni kwangokunjalo. Oku ke ngoko kufuna inkqubo yomgaqo nokuqulethwe ngumgaqo kwaye kube nobulungisa ngezesini.
Enye injongo ephambili yeSebe lezoQhakamshelwano kukudibanisa umbono ongesini kuyo yonke imigaqo neenkqubo zalo. Le ndlela yokwenza iya kudala amathuba amadoda nabafazi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngokulinganayo kuqoqosho. Njengokuba sibuxelelwe ubunzima abajongene nabo abafazi, isini nophuhliso zizinto ezithathwa njengezibalulekileyo.
Kukhuselwe kwaye kukhuthazwe amalungelo oluntu abafazi.
Kukhuthazwe ukushenxiswa kwemiqobo yomkhethe ejolise abafazini. Kuqhutyelwe phambili ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabafazi ngokulinganayo namadoda njengabathathi bezigqibo ekubumbeni uphuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Kuxhaswe abendibaniselwano kwibutho loLwazi loBuchwepheshe kwezoQhakamshelwano ukuvakalisa izikhalazo zabo ngemibandela yesini kuphuhliso lomgaqo kwaye kwenziwe ukuba iqondwe le mibandela.
Makukhuselwe kwaye kuqiniswe ubuncutshe kwezobuchwepheshe kwimimandla enxulumeneyo nezoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni.
Makuphuhliswe iindlela eziphuculweyo zokuphonononga iinjongo zomgaqo, zokuhlola ziphicothe iinkqubo kwaye zijongwe neenguqu kwimeko yezobuchwepheshe neyentlalo noqoqosho.
Naxa ukuzimela koshishino kubalulekile, kuyafuneka ukuba ushishino lucelwe rhoqo luvelise iinkcukacha ezingokwahulwa kwisini. Owona mqathango ubalulekileyo kule meko iya kuba kukuqinisekisa ukuba umbandela wobulungisa nolingano ngokwemigqaliselo yokumelwa kwisini uyajongwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba amaziko kufuneka abeke ezawo izinto ajolise kuzo nokwemigqaliselo yokwabiwa kobulungisa kwaye aphuhlise iindlela zokuba ziya kuzuzwa njani na ezo zinto kujoliswe kuzo.
Kufuneka kusekwe umxokelelwano karhulumente apho ungekhoyo, owokuhlola nokuphucula izinga labafazi. Ukuze usebenze, kufuneka lo mxokelelwano usekwe kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye ube nemithombo yobutyebi eyaneleyo, ukuzinikela kwanegunya lokucebisa ngemiphumela yemigaqo yonke kubafazi. Umxokelelwano onjalo ungadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni izinga labafazi ngokubambisana namanye amasebe namaziko karhulumente kwanemibutho engeyokarhulumente namaqela abafazi emveli. (Umthombo walwazi: Nairobi Forward Looking Strategies, 1985, umhlathi 57).
Injongo yesi sahluko kukunika isiseko sokusebenza sokusekwa komxokelelwano ochanekileyo, onempumelelo nononxibelelwano kwicandelo loLwazi loBuchwepheshe lezoQhakamshelwano ukwenza, ukuphumeza ukuhlola nokuphicotha umgaqo karhulumente ongokuxhotyiswa kwabafazi nolingano kwisini.
Njengoko kwandlaliwe kwiSiseko sokusebenza soMgaqo wesini kaZwelonke, umxokelelwano wesini wokuxhotyiswa kwabafazi ujonge ukuzuza ulingano kubafazi kuwo onke amanqanaba obomi: kwipolitiki, kuluntu, kwintlalo, kuqoqosho nakwinkcubeko.
Baqinisekise ukuba lo mxokelelwano unamandla okufuthela umgaqo, kwaye bawenze uphonononge uwisomthetho.
Kuguqulwe onke amaziko kazwelonke, awephondo nawengingqi ngokuba kudityaniswe emsebenzini wabo imibandela yokuxhotyiswa kwabafazi nolingano kwisini.
Ukusebenza komxokelelwano wesini kwezoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni, kusasazo nakwicandelo leenkonzo zeposi kuya kubambelela kwiinjongo zomxokelelwano wesini njengoko zandlaliwe kwisiseko sokusebenza somgaqo wesini kazwelonke.
Ukwenza ukuba iqatshelwe imibandela yesini kwaye kuvakaliswe uvakalelo ngesini nolingano kwisini.
Ukongeza kumaqumrhu asekwe kwinqanaba likaZwelonke, oko kutsho kwinqanaba leKhabhinethi, iOfisi engeZinga labafazi- i-ofisi kaMongameli, iKhomishoni yoLingano kwiSini, iindawo ezingeSini kuMasebe kaRhulumente, iiKomiti zePalamente zeziKhundla neGqugula labafazi lasePalamente, kufuneka kusekwe amaqumrhu kwinqanaba lecandelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuzinikela kubulungisa kwisini nobulungisa entlalweni kuya phunyezwa nakwinqanaba leziko.
Ukuhambiselana nemiyalelo yeKhabhinethi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulingano kwisini luqhutyelwa phambili kuwo onke amanqanaba akwiSebe namaqela endibaniselwano asebenzayo, iQumrhu eliqinileyo loLawulo lweSini elihamba ngendlela yobuchule kwizigqeba ezikwiSebe okanye kwimibutho ekwezoqhakamshelwano ngefowuni, kusasazo neenkonzo zePosi liyacingwa. Isigqeba sezesini sisebenza njengeencutshe kwezesini ezilawula igunya lesini ezikwanika ubungcaphephe kuhlalutyo lwesini kwezinye izigqeba zoshishino nemibutho yendibaniselwano ngohlobo lobunobhala omkhulu wezesini. Eli qumrhu lisebenza ngokubambisana namanye amaqumrhu akhoyo ombutho ukukhuthaza ulingano kwisini.
Kwinqanaba lokusebenza, olona xanduva luphambili lokuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo komgaqo wesini kazwelonke njengoko uqulathwe kolu xwebhu lomgaqo nesiseko sokusebenza somgaqo wesini sikaZwelonke luya kuxhomekeka kwiziko ngalinye kumanqanaba ngamanqanaba. Onke amaziko kuya kufuneka aseke izigqeba zeSini ezizinikeleyo okanye iindawo ezingoondoqo ukuncedisa ekwenziweni nasekuphunyezweni kwezicwangciso ezikhuthaza ukuxhotyiswa kwabafazi noligano kwisini kwimisebenzi nakwiinkqubo zabo.
Ukuhlola nokuphicotha amaphulo neenkqubo zombutho ukuvavanya ukuba ziyahambelana na nomgaqo wesini.
Indawo engundoqo kwisini kwinqanaba leSebe inendima ebalulekileyo eyidlalayo njengequmrhu elimanyayo lomxokelelwano wesini wecandelo ongolingano kwisini.
Amqumrhu omxokelelwano wesini akufunekanga asebenze "njengendawo yokulahla" imibandela yesini emelwe ngokwasemthethweni iqwalaselwe ngamanye amaqumrhu.
Lo mboniso ungezantsi ushwankathela ubuchule bokwenza obuphambili obufunwa yinkqubo kazwelonke yokuqhubela phambili ilizwe ukuba lijolise kwinjongo kazwelonke yoluntu olungenasini. Ubuchule bokwenza obuphawulweyo bunxulumene neendawo eziphambili zomgaqo, omakuqhubeke kwezesini, ukuthethelela, ukudibanisa nokucwangcisa, ukunxibelelana nomnatha wokusebenza nophuhliso lwezakhono.
Uqeqesho lungundoqo ekuphumezeni inkqubo yesini kazwelonke. Zimbini izinto ezibalulekileyo kuqeqesho. Enye kufuneka ijolise ekuphuhliseni ubuchule kwezesini njengohlalutyo olusekwe kwisini. Obu buchule bujolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba abantu ababandanyekayo ekuphumezeni le nkqubo banobuchule bokuyiqhubela phambili inkqubo. Uqeqesho lwesibini olubalulekileyo kukwenza abaphezulu kulawulo babenokuvakalelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba badibanisa iingcamango kuyo yonke into abayenzayo kwaye badibanise isini neengxelo zabo.
Oku kulandelayo kuchaza iindlela zobuchule nemisebenzi exhasa ukuzuzwa kolingano kwisini.
Imisebenzi ayiphelelanga kwiinkqubo namaphulo. Ngokuxoxa ngomgaqo, iSebe likunye nabo lidibaniselene nabo labelana ngezimvo nolwazi kwaye likwavakalisa nemibandela enxulumene nemeko-bume yomgaqo kwindawo abasebenza kuyo. Ingxoxo ngomgaqo yindlela ebalulekileyo apho iSebe lisebenza nabo bendibaniselwano ukuba lizuze iziphumo zolingano. Le ngxoxo ingaqhutywa kwiingxoxo ezicwangcisiweyo njengakumaqela okucebisa, kwiindibano zokufundisana, kwiinkomfa, kwiingxoxo njalo njalo.
Ukukhuthaza iinkqubo zokusebenzisana ngokubandakanya imibutho yabafazi nabathetheleli bolingano kwisini kwinkqubo yengxoxo ngomgaqo.
Iziseko zokusebenza ziya kusetyenziswa ukudibanisa amaziko nezinto eziphambili kwinkqubo zazo ngokwemigqaliselo yamaphulo okanye yeenkqubo. Isiseko sokusebenza sokuqulunqa yinto ephambili yokuqinisekisa ukuba xa kuqulunqwa nesigqeba soshishino okanye umbutho osesikhundleni kuya kuxhaswa ulingano kwisini. Inkqubo yesiseko sokusebenza sokuqulunqa iqala ngokuphawula izidingo zophuhliso namathuba kwiziko (kunokuquka eyona nto ibalulekileyo edla umzi exelwe phaya kwiBPA).
Ziquke ulwazi olwahlulwe ngokwesini kwiziko kwakunye neziphumo eziphambili nesifundo esifundiweyo kuqulunqo lwangaphambili ekuxhaseni ulingano kwisini.
Amaphulo neenkqubo ezimacala mabini zinika amathuba okuxhasa ulingano kwisini.
Iinjongo zalo Mgaqo njengoko zandlaliwe, zingabonwa njengeziphumo zenqanaba lembumba apho kunokulinganiselwa khona ukuphunyezwa komgaqo wolingano kwisini. Isigqeba seSini seSebe sisebenzisana nezigqeba zoshishino, iCandelo lezoMthombo woLuntu noMbutho wezeSini kaZwelonke, siya kuphuhlisa isiseko sokusebenza sokulinganisela indlela ekusetyenzwe ngayo kuqukwa nezikhomba-ndlela ekunokuvavanywa ngazo ukuphunyezwa komgaqo wolingano kwisini.
Uhlalutyo lolwazi olungobunzima ekuzuzeni ulingano kwisini nenkqubela ekuncitshisweni kokungalingani kwisini nokukhuthazwa kolingano kwisini.
Ukufumaneka nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yobutyebi, eyemali neyoluntu, kuxhaswa ulingano kwisini.
Izigqeba zoshishino ziya kuba noxanduva lokuphuhlisa iinkcazelo zeziphumo zolingano kwisini zesigqeba soshishino, kusenzelwa injongo nganye yomgaqo wolingano ngesini kwaye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkcazelo zeziphumo kuyo yonke imimandla ephambili ixhasa ezi njongo. Iziphumo zolingano kwisini kufuneka zivakaliswe, zilinganiselwe kwaye kunikwe ingxelo ngazo kumanyathelo okuqala onke esebe. Izigqeba zoshishino ziya kunika ingxelo ngenkqubela echasene neziphumo zolingano ngesini ngeenkqubo zovavanyo lwendlela ekusetyenzwe ngayo.
Ukumela ukuphunyezwa kwalo mgaqo kuxhomekeke kwisigqeba ngasinye soshishino seSebe nemibutho yezikhundla. Kucingwa ukuba umbutho ngamnye unekomiti yokuphonononga indlela ekusetyenzwe ngayo. Uphononongo lwendlela ekusetyenzwe ngayo ekuphunyezweni kwalo mgaqo luxanduva lweKomiti yoPhononongo lweNdlela ekusetyenzwe ngayo kumbuhto ngamnye kwaye kuya kuqhutywa njengomjikelo oqhelekileyo wophononongo wendlela ekusetyenzwe ngayo.
Makuqatshelwe ukuba lo mgaqo uyaqonda ukuba akwanelanga ukushukumisa nje abasebenzi nowonke-wonke ngemibandela yesini. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigqeba ngasinye kumbutho , kuqukwa neSebe sineendlela zangaphakathi zokuqinisekisa rhoqo ukuba umntu uyayimela into ayenzayo. Iindlela zobuchule ezizodwa ezinamaxesha amisiweyo zimele zidweliswe.
Iindlela zokuthatha inxaxheba ziyasetyenziswa apho abafazi namadoda babandakanyeka ekuthabatheni inxaxheba kwizicwangciso zokulinganiselwa kweziseko zokusebenza kwendlela ekuqhutywe ngayo, ekuphunyezweni kwazo kunye neengxoxo ngokufunyanisiweyo.
Izikhomba-ndlela ezithile zendlela ekuqhutywe ngayo ziyaqulunqwa ukwenzela ukufumana ukulingana ngokwesini. Ezi zikhomba-ndlela zendlela ekusetyenzwe ngayo ziya kuba zezexesha elifutshane nexesha elide.
Izikhomba-ndlela zexesha elifutshane ziya kuvavanya inkqubela kwinguqu kwanokuphunyezwa kwemigaqo ngokukodwa iqondo lempumelelo okanye ukoyisakala ekumiseni amaqumrhu okwenza amaziko okuxhotyiswa kwabafazi kunye nokulingana ngesini.
Iziseko eziqulunqiweyo zokuphumeza iinjongo zomgaqo weSini kaZwelonke kunye neenjongo njengoko zifumaneka kule ncwadana kwakunye nebakala lezemali kunye nemithombo yoluntu enikezelwe kwezi ziseko, iya kuba zizikhomba-ndlela eziyintloko zokuzinikezela kwinguqu yesini.
Ubukho bezikhokelo ezifanelekileyo zokuqeqesha bonke abasebenzi abanoxanduva lokumema nokonyula kumqaphela wezesini, kwakunye nabasebenzi abatsha abafumanekileyo.
Iqondo lokusekwa kweenkqubo zovakalelo ukunyusa iindima zabasebenzi abangamadoda nabafazi njengabazali kunye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo, umzekelo amaziko okhathalelo lwasemini kwindawo yokusebenza.
Ukwanda kwenqanaba lovakalelo ngesini nohlalutyo lobuchule bokwenza phakathi kwabalawuli bonke.
Iqondo lenkxaso kunye nezikhokelo ezinikiweyo zophononongo lwesini lweenkqubo zecandelo.
Ulwabiwo lwemali kujongwe kwisini neenkcitho (umzekelo, iimali zokuxhasa iinkqubo zokuxhasa abafazi abasemaphandleni).
Inkqubo eluncedo yokuveliswa nokusetyenziswa kweenkcukacha zokwahlulwa ngesini noqikelelo-manani.
Isakhono esifanelekileyo (sabantu kunye nesemali) sokuqokelela, sokuhlalutya kunye nesokukhupha uqikelelo-manani olumalunga nesini (ingakumbi uqikelelo-manani loMzantsi Afrika).
Izikhomba-ndlela zexesha elide ziya kulinganisela imiphumela yokuphunyezwa kwemiyalelo njengoko ifumaneka kule ncwadana ingabafazi kunye noluntu jikelele. Ngokwale nkalo, umphumela womgaqo owamkelekileyo uya kuba wenziwe; ukuba kungabonakaliswa ukuba abafazi boMzantsi Afrika bathatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwaye kumgangatho olinganayo ekudalweni koluntu olungenasini, olungenabuhlanga noluvulelekileyo kumntu wonke.
Iziphumo ekujongwe kuzo ezibekwe phantsi kule ncwadana ziya kuba sisikhomba-ndlela esiyintloko, ingakumbi njengoko zibandakanya nabaphetheyo.
Iqondo lokulingana elisemthethweni kunye nesakhono ekwenzeni izigqibo kwezoqoqosho, libandakanya ukuqulunqwa kwemiqathango yezemali , ushishino neminye imigaqo yezoqoqosho.
Abafazi bonwabele iinzuzo ezifumaneka kwimigaqo nemisebenzi.
Ukufikelela okuphuculweyo okuya kwimithombo yemveliso nakwiinkonzo ezingundoqo kubafazi bonke.
Kuya kufuneka kukho ukufikelela okuphuculweyo okuya kwiinkonzo ezingundoqo zemfundo, iinkonzo nezixhobo zoqoqsho kunye neenkonzo zonxibelelwano.
Iqondo apho zithi indlela zokusebenza kunye neziseko zibekwe endaweni ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafazi, bona ziqu okanye njengeqela, babenako ukuthatha inxaxheba kumabakala onke eziseko zokwenza isigqibo nakuwo onke amabakala eziseko zopolitiko, zokuphatha nezokwakha imigaqo.
Izenzo zamasiko, izithethe nezenkolo ezichaphazele abafazi zifanele ukuba zingqamane nomhlathi ongokulingana okuMthetho oYilwayo wamalungelo.
Ukulinganiselwa komgangatho nenani leenkqubo zomqaphela noqeqesho olujolise ekuxhobiseni abasebenzi ukuba bakwazi ukumelana nobundlobongela nokuxhatshazwa okusekelwe kwisini.
Ukwanda kophindaphindo lokungafani kobomi babafazi, amava abo, amagalelo abo kumanqanaba kawonke-wonke nawa ngasese ngokuzotywa ziindaba.
Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kufanele ukuba kubekho indlela yokunika ingxelo yeziko ngekota nasekupheleni konyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho rhoqo ukulandelelelwa kunye nophononongo lwenkqubo ekuphunyezweni kokusebenza komgaqo kazwelonke wesini kunye nezikhokelo zokulingana ngesini njengoko kufumaneka kule ncwadana . Indlela yokunika ingxelo yekota iya kuba kwiimo yeengxelo ezibhaliweyo ezivela kumaziko karhulumente enikezelwe kwiSebe ukuze iSebe lihlanganise ingxelo evakalayo liyinikezele kumaqumrhu afanelekileyo kaZwelonke oMxokelelwano weSini.
Isiseko sokusebenza sokunika ingxelo yeziko yokuphela konyaka iya kuba kwimo yentlanganiso apho abathathi-nxaxheba abohlukeneyo baya kuthi bamenywe ukunika ingxelo ngenkqubela. Le ntlanganiso iya kuqwalasela ekuvavanyeni indlela ekusetyenzwe ngayo ngokubhekiselele kwizikhomba-ndlela ezichaziweyo kule ncwadana kunye nasekunikeni imigqaliselo ekhomba indlela eya phambili. Amaqumrhu aya kuthi futhi alindeleke ukuba anikezele iingxelo ezibhaliweyo kwiSebe, eliya kuthi lona lihlanganise ingxelo yonyaka yesebe engesini eza kunikezelwa kwumaqumrhu kaZwelonke oMxokelelwano weSini kunye neKomiti yeZikhundla engoQhakamshelwano. Iintlanganiso zonyaka ziya kuququzelelwa lisebe lezoQhakamshelwano lisebenzisana neKomiti yePalamente yeZikhundla engoQahakamshelwano. Isebe liya kuba noxanduva lokunika imigqaliselo yokuhlola, eya kusetyenziswa ukuqokelela ulwazi kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo. Liya kuba noxanduva kwakhona lokuqinisekisa ukuba izikhokela zokuhlola zabelwe bonke abachaphazelekayo. Likwanoxanduva lokuqokelela nokuhambisa ulwazi okuza kusiwa kwintlanganiso yonyaka yokuhlola.phambili.
Kwixesha elfutshane, impumelelo yoMgaqo kaZwelonke engokuXhotyiswa kwaBafazi, uMgaqo woLingano weSini kaZwelonke neZikhokelo zeSini zeCandelo iya kulinganiselwa ngokokufakwa kwembono yesini yimibutho nalisebe, ngendlela abaqhuba ngayo ushishino njengenkqubo yenguqu yangaphakathi. Kwixesha elide impumelelo iya kulinganiselwa ngenguqu eyenzekileyo ukusuka kwimo ekuyiyo ngoku yokungalingani ngesini ukuya kwimo yokulingana ngesini equlunqiweyo kulo mqathango wale ncwadana nangumgaqo-siseko. Ibakala lesibini lokuvavanywa liya kulinganisela iqondo apho abafazi namadoda akumaziko bathe batshintsha ngayo iinkolo zobuhlanga, iiznto ezixabisekileyo kubo, izithethe kunye nezenzo ezithi zihlanganise, zikhethele bucala kwaye zithintele abafazi ukuba bangaphakamisi amalungelo abo asisiseko nasekuqondeni amandla nengqiqo yabo ngokupheleleyo.
Intsebenziswano ehlanganyelweyo kunye nemisebenzi yonxibelelwano phakathi kwamaziko onke ukwenzela iinkqubo ezinempumelelo zokuthatha inxaxheba nokucebisana. Kukwakho nemfuneko yokugcina uqhakamshelwano olomeleleyo namaqumrhu elizwe liphela abandakanyekayo ekuphuculweni kwabafazi.
Malunga nocwangciso kunye nokuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zokuxhotyiswa kwabafazi nokulinagna kwisini, iindleko ezibandakanyekayo ziya kufuneka ukuba zihlanganiswe kulwabiwo lwemali olukhoyo. Oku kuya kuthi kufumaneka phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngokuthi kubekwe entloko inkcitho nogcino-mali olulutho. Inkcitho kwiinkqubo ezimalunga nesini kuya kufuneka zicwangciswe kwangaphambili kwaye zihlanganiswe kwinkqubo yocwangciso. Ukuba izicwangciso zenziwe, ngoko ke kufuneka ziphononongwe kwaye zihlengahlengiswe ukufikelela kwiimfuneko ezithile zabafazi.
Uhlalutyo lwesini sisixhobo ekungenakwenziwa ngaphandle kwaso ekuqondeni umxholo nasekunyuseni ukulingana ngesini.
Ulwazi lwemo yasekuhlaleni luchazwa ngolu hlobo: "ukuqaphela ukuba uphuhliso kunye neenkqubo zenguqu zisebenza phakathi kwezentlalo, kwizithethe, kuqoqosho, kwiziseko zopolitiko ezihleli zikho kulo naluphi na uluntu okanye iqumrhu. Ngaphezu koko, uluntu kunye namaqumrhu akayonto inye / akafani amaqumrhu amagunya acwangcisiweyo nangacwangciswanga abonakalisa ubuhlobo kwezentlalo, uqoqosho kunye nopolitiko phakathi kwabantu abachaphazelekayo kwakunye nelizwe elingaphandle. Xa ibekwa ngendlela elula, ulwazi lwemo yasekuhlaleni lubalulekile ekuqondeni obu buhlobo kunye nokuhlangana kwabo nomsebenzi kwiimeko zezidingo, umphumela kunye neziphumo."
Uhlalutyo lwesini luvavanya obunye bobu buhlobo , obo buphakathi kwabafazi namadoda. Lwazisa iindima ezahlukeneyo ezidlalwa ngabafazi namadoda, amantombazana namakhwenkwe ekhayeni, kuluntu, emsebenzini, kwiinkqubo zopolitiko kunye noqoqosho. Ezi ndima zahlukeneyo zisoloko iziphumo zazo zizezokuba abafazi babenokufikelela okungaphantsi kunokwamadoda kwimithombo nakwiinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo, nolawulo olungaphantsi lwezi zinto.
Uhlalutyo lwesini sisixhobo esiyimfuneko sokuqonda imo yasekuhlaleni. Kuluncedo ingakumbi ekubunjweni komsebenzi oyilwayo njengoko kunceda abacwangcisi ukufumanisa izithintelo kunye neziseko zomsebenzi oyilwayo ukwenzela ukuba iinjongo zibe nokufikeleleka kwaye zilinganiselwe.
Ukwahlukana kweembono, imisebenzi, iimfuno kunye nomdla wabafazi namadoda kwingingqi yephulo, kwiziko, kuqukwa nezidingo zokusebenza kunye nezidingo zokucwangcisa umsebenzi kunye nemidla yabafazi namadoda. Izidingo zokusebenza zingachazwa njengezidingo ezifuneka ngokungxamisekileyo kwimeko ethile. Amaphulo ajonge izidingo zokusebenza abandakanya izimvo malunga neemeko zentlalo ezinganelisayo. Iimfuno zokucwangcisa umsebenzi kunye nomdla kwelinye icala zibhekisa kwimeko yabafazi namadoda akhoyo eluntwini. Le midla imalunga nolwahlulo lomsebenzi ngesini, imithombo kunye namandla.
Ukuhlobana phakathi kwabafazi namadoda ngokubhekiselele ekufikeleleni nakulawulo lwemithombo inzuzo kunye neenkqubo zokwenza isigqibo.
Umphumela wokwahlukana onokwenziwa yinkqubo okanye izingenelelo zomsebenzi oyilwayo kubafazi namadoda, amantombazana namkhwenkwe.
Izithintelo zentlalo nezithethe, amathuba kunye namanqaku okungena okunciphisa ukungalingani ngesini kunye nokunyusa ubuhlobo obungaphezulu phakathi kwabafazi namadoda.
Isini sibhekisa kwiindima noxanduva olwakhwiwe ngokwezentlalo, olwabafazi namadoda. Inqaku lesini libandakanya okulindelekileyo ngokweempawu kunye nezimo zabafazi namadoda (ububhinqa nobudoda). Ezi ndima nezinto ezilindelekileyo ziyafundwa, zitshintshwe ngokuhamba kwamaxesha, kunye naphakathi kweenkcubeko. Uhlalutyo lwesini luveze kakhulu indlela ukuthoba kwabafazi okwakhiwe ngayo, kwaye oko kunokutshintsha, kuchasene noluvo lokuba oku kudaliwe ngoko akunakutshintsha.
Ulwahlulo lomsebenzi ngesini lubhekisa kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ethi abafazi namadoda bayenze phakathi koluntu okanye ekhaya. Amanqaku anjengemfundo, ubuchwepheshe, inguqu kwezoqoqosho, njalo njalo enza ukuba iindima zesini kunye nolwahlulo lomsebenzi ngesini lutshintshe. Ngokuvavanya ulwahlulo lomsebenzi ngesini kuyacaca ukuba imisebenzi yabafazi namadoda ixhomekekile omnye komnye, nokuthi abafazi bathwala umthwalo omkhulu womsebenzi ongahlawulwayo ekhaya nakuluntu.
Apha ngezantsi ziziseko zokusebenza ezisetyenziswayo ukuhlalutya imibandlela yesini kwimo yenguqu nophuhliso. Ezi ziseko zokusebenza ngamanqaku okungenela apho kwenziwa iinzame zokwenza lula inguqu. Iziseko zokusebenza zazisa isini njengombandela wohlalutyo, kulandelwa indlela 'yokusombulula ingxaki'. Imibutho iyakhuthazwa ukuba isebenzise ezi ndlela zobuchule zintsha ekuhlalutyeni imigaqo nenkqubo.
Isiseko sokusebenza seeNdima zeSini sijonga ukufikelela kwingeniso nemithombo, sibalula imincono kunye nezithintelo athi amadoda nabafazi basebenze phantsi kwayo ukwenzela ukuba bafumanise ukuba umsebenzi oyilwayo uya kuyichaphazela njani na imisebenzi yabo yemveliso kunye noxanduva lwamanye amalungu phakathi kwiqumrhu. Indlela esiyivelela ngayo esi siseko ingathathwa ngokuba yintlanganisela kunokuba kuthiwe 'lutshintsho' , kubonwa uphuhliso njengenkqubo apho wonke ubani angazuza. IGRF isuka kwindawo yokuba ukuze abafazi bazuze imisebenzi eyilwayo mayenzelwe ikakhulu ukuba ihlanganise ngokufanelekileyo imiba yabafazi kunye nesini kwizicwangciso zayo.
IGRF ikhangela uhlalutyo lwesini njengesixhobo sokufumanisa okwenzekayo kubacwangcisi ukwenzela ukweyisa ukunikezelwa kwemithombo okungafanelekanga. Ngeli xesha iGRF iqwalasela okwenziwa ngamadoda nabafazi - ulwabiwo lomsebenzi ngesini- ayizibopheleli ngokwayo kwiingxoxo zemisebe neendima kuphela. Ikwabalula ukwahlukana ngesini ekufikelelni nasekulalwuleni ingeniso nemithombo. Ithi ke ngoko iqondane nokuthethwa koku kwahlukana ekuyilweni kwamaphulo. Ngokupheleleyo, ijonge ekubaluleni ukwahlukana okuyintloko phakathi kwemincono nezithintelo athi amadoda nabafazi asebenze phantsi kwazo. Izimvo ezifunyenwe kolu hlalutyo zisetyenziswa ekulungiseni izicwangciso ngendella yokuphucula uphuhliso lulonke.
Uphando olucwangcileyo kwimisebenzi yamadoda nabafazi izama ukweyisa iingcinga ezondeleyo ezenza ukuba umsebenzi wabafazi ungabonakali. Eyona nto icingelwayo ebophelela iGRF kokokuba abafazi ababanganako ukuzuza 'kuphuhliso' ngenxa yokuba iinzame zezicwangciso zoyisakele ukufumanisa ngokupheleleyo elona galelo abanokuthi babe nalo kwinkqubo yophuhliso. Ngokwengcamango eyamkelekileyo ke ngoko, ukuba ukungakhathali kwabacwangcisi kuyasonjululwa kwaye abafazi bahlanganiswe kwinkqubo yophuhliso nabo njengamadoda - bangazuza kwinkqubo. IGRF ke ngoko ijonga uphuhliso njengenkqubo apho wonke ubani angazuza kuyo. Ngaphaya koko, ukuba imiba yesini iyaziswa kakuhle kwaye ihlanganiswe kwinkqubo yophuhliso, ke ngoko ukusebenza komsebenzi oyilwayo kuya kunyuka; ukukhula koqoqosho kunye nobulungisa bezentlalo bumemeza uqwalaselo olungaphezulu ekuhlanganisweni kwabafazi kwinkqubo yophuhliso.
Isiseko sokusebenza soCwangciso kwisini, iDPU, sibizwa ngolo hlobo ngenxa yokuba uCarolyn Moser kwiSebe loCwangciso, kwiYunivesithi yaseLondon, wasiphuhlisa. Esi siseko sokusebenza siya kuthi futhi sibe sesona sisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ngokwesi siseko sokusebenza uhlalutyo lwendima ebume buthathu yabafazi luqulethe intloko yohlalutyo, naluphi na uvavanyo malubandakanye ukuthathela ingqalelo yezinye iziqulatho zalo ezibini: izidingo zesini zezenzo kunye nezokucwangciswa komsebenzi; kunye nokubekelelwa kwemiqatahngo yendlela yokuvelela imeko kubafazi kwinkqubo yophuhliso. Izidingo zivela kwiimeko abathi abafazi bahlangane nazo ezisekelwe kwisikhundla sabo kulwahlulo-msebenzi ngesini. Ngokwahlukileyo, izidingo zocwangciso lomsebenzi zibhekisa kwezo mfuno zivela kuhlalutyo lokuthobela kwabafazi amadoda kunye nokubunjwa kombutho olinganayo woluntu.
Okunika isixhobo ukumanya okuthile ngumyalezo wopolitiko; imfuno yokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokutshintsha ubudlelwane besini obulingalinaniyo. Umahluko phakathi kweemfuno zezenzo kunye nezocwangciso lomsebenzi unganceda abacwangcisi ukuba bacinge kakhulu. Izinto ezicingelweyo zicacile kwiDPU.
Ucwangciso oluqala phantsi luye phezulu nolunentsebenziswano luyinzuzo kwiinkqubo zophuhliso.
Isiseko sokusebenza iDPU siyohlula phakathi 'kwabaqeqeshiweyo' kunye 'nopolitiko' ichaza ucwangciso lobuni njengomsebenzi 'wokuqeqesha'. Isiseko sokusebenza sigqiba ekubeni ngokuqokelela ingxelo ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso esibume buthathu kwaye sahlule phakathi kweemfuno zokwenza kunye neemfuno zocwangciso lomsebenzi, zingafunyaniswa izidingo zocwangciso zabafazi kumaziko ahlukeneyo.
ISRF ichazwa luhlalutyo lobudlelwane bezentlalo phakathi kosapho, kurhulumente kwiimarike, eluntwini njalo njalo oluthi lubonakalise iindlela ethi isini kunye nokunye ukungalingani kudalwe okanye kukhuliswe ngayo. Ivavanya iinkqubo zentlalo ekufikelelwa ngazo kwiimfuno zabantu kunye namaziko okuthi ukungalingani kwakhiwe kwaye kukhuliswe ngawo. Ithathela ingqalelo ubudlelwane besini obunempixano kunye nobusebenzisnayo - inkqubo yothethwano.
Ukuqwalasela kwimisebenzi yesini kwakunye nomahluko wesini ekufikeleleni nasekulawulweni kwemithombo, kukwabonakalisa umnweba wobudlelwane, kubandakanywa umgangatho, ubuhlanga, iminyaka, ezenkolo, njalo najlo, apho isini sinamathele khona. Ifumanisa ukubandakanyeka kwabafazi phakathi kwinkqubo yemveliso zosasazo ekhokelwa yimakethe kwaye ixoxe ukuba abafazi abashiywanga ngaphandle kwinkqubo yemveliso nosasazo ekhokelwa yimakethe kwaye ixoxe ukuba abafazi abashiywanga ngaphandle kwinkqubo yophuhliso kodwa bahlanganiswe kwinkqubo ngokweemeko ezilinganayo.
Ngokutsala uqwalaselo kwiintlobo zeenkqubo zezentlalo kunye namaziko ekuthi ukungalingani kwezentlalo kwakhiwe kukhuliswe ngazo, iSRF iya kuphepha ukuphazamisa abafazi kumaziko apho bathi baphile khona ubomi babo. Ngokwembono yeSRF, imithetho, imithombo, izenzo namaqondo ohlukeneyo okuyalela nolawulo alo naliphi na iziko amele ukuhlalutywa ukwenzela ukuveza ukuba ngaba isini sibunjwa njani njengobudlelwane bokungalingani phakathi kweziko elo. Njengesiseko sokusebenza semisebenzi yesini, uhlalutyo olunjalo lubalula imisebenzi noxanduva olwahlulwe ngokwesini kunye nolwahlulo lwesini ekufikeleleni nakulawulo lwemithombo.
Uhlalutyo lwesini lunika inkcazelo yokufumanisa ezona ndlela zokusebenza ziluncedo kwimeko ethile kunye nokufumana iziphumo ezixhasa ukulingana ngesini, okanye ukuxhasa ukulingana ngesini zingaphawulwa phakathi kwiinkqubo okanye kumaphulo apho ukulinagna ngesini kuyenye yenani leenjongo.
Uhlalutyo lwesini luyafuneka kuyo yonke imigaqo, nakuzo zonke iinkqubo nakwimisebenzi yonke eyilwayo. Ukusetyenziswa kohlalutyo lwesini kuya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi kunye nobubanzi bamanyathelo okuqala.
Uhlalutyo lwesini yenye yefestile yamathuba kumjikelo womsebenzi oyilwayo okanye inkqubo apho ugcino lwemithombo (ixesha, amandla kunye nemali) lukhokelela kwiziphumo zokulingana ngesini.
Ngubani olixhoba (ngendlela engqalileyo nengangqalanga) lomgaqo, inkqubo okanye umsebenzi ocetywayo. Ngubani oya kuzuza Ngubani oya kulahlekelwa?
Ingaba abafazi bakhe bandwendwelwa malunga 'nengxaki' inkqubo ezama ukuyisombulula Ingaba babandakanywe njani ekuphuhlisweni kwesisombululo?
Ingaba isingenelelo sicela umngeni kulwahlulo lomsebenzi ngokwesini esikhoyo, kwimisebenzi ekhoyo, uxanduva namathuba akhoyo?
Yeyiphi indlela iyeyona ilungileyo ukwakha (nokomeleza) ukuzinikela kukarhulumente ekuphuculweni / ekuphuhlisweni kwabafazi?
Afumaneka phi amathuba okutshintsha okanye amakroba okungena Kwaye angaseteynziswa njani ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo?
Zeziphi iindlela ezithile ezinokucetyiswa ekukhuthazeni nasekwenzeni ukuba babenakho abafazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kumgaqo/ kwinkqubo/ kwiphulo, ngaphandle kokujonga imeko yendawo abahlala kuyo nemo yabo yokuthobela?
Yintoni umphumela wexesha elide ngokubhekiselele ekunyusweni kokukwazi kwabafazi ekuthatheni ulawulo lobomi babo, nokuthatha inyathelo elihlanganyelweyo ekusombululeni ingxaki?
Funa ukuqonda ngobudlelwane besini, ulwahlulo lomsebenzi phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi (abangasebenziyo), kwaye ngubani ofikelelayo nonolawulo kwimithombo.
Bandakanya imisebenzi yekhaya (eyokuzala) kunye nomsebenzi woluntu kuqulunqo lomsebenzi. Fumanisa iindlela abathi abafazi namadoda asebenze ngayo nabanegalelo ngayo kuqoqosho, kusapho lwabo kunye naseluntwini.
Sebenzisa iinkqubo zokuthatha inxaxheba kwaye ubandakanye uluhlu olubanzi lwabafazi namadoda aphetheyo kwiqondo loburhulumente kunye naseluntwini - kubandakanya imibutho yabafazi kunye neencutshe zokulingana ngesini.
Fumanisa imiqobo esekuthatheni inxaxheba nasekukhuleni kwabafazi entlalweni, kuqoqosho, emthethweni, upolitiko, izithethe, njalo njalo.
Funa ukuqonda ngeemfuno /umdla wabafazikwaye ufumanise imiphumela efuna ukwaziswa.
Qulunqa ingxelo esisisekelo, qiniseka ngengxelo yalwahlulo ngesini, misa iinjongo ezlinganiselekayo kwaye fumanisa iziphumo ezilindelekileyo kunye nezikhomba-ndlela.
Dwelisa imingcipheko elindelekileyo (bandakanya nezinto ezibuyisela umva) kwaye uphuhlise iindlela zokusebenza eziya kuthi zinciphise le mingcipheko.
Enye indawo efuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokuphathelelene nokuxhotyiswa kwabafazi nokuqinisekisa ukuba imeko yokusebenza yamkelekile kubafazi ukuba basebenze yimpatho yogonyamelo kwezesini. Nangona lo mgaqo ungazukuvelelwa ngokubanzi ngokuphathelele kumba wempatho egadalala ngokwesini, inkcazelo enabileyo yempatho yobundlongo-ndlongo ngokwesini inikezelwe. Amaziko ke ngoko kufuneka evelise imiqathango yempatho egadalala ngokwesini ukwenzela ukuba isetyenziswe kwimibutho yawo.
Nangona kukho inkcazelo ezininzi zempatho egadalala ngokwesini, olu xwebhu luyichaza impatho egadalala ngokwesini njengalo naluphi uqwalaselo olungamkelekanga olungamenywanga olumvelaphi iyeyesini (ngokubhekiselele kwimeko yokusebenza) eyenza ukungahlali kamnandi, ukuphatheka kakubi emoyeni, okanye iphazamise indlela yokusebenza yomntu lowo.
Esi sahluko sidwelisa amaqhagamshela phakathi kweSebe , eminye yemimandla ebalulekileyo kazwelonke kunye nokulingana ngesini. Ikwaphinda inike imizekelo yeziphumo ezinokuthi zenze igalelo ekufumanekeni kokulingana ngesini.
Inkqubela ingenziwa ngokuphawula iziphumo eziphucula ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabafazi okulinganayo nokwamadoda njengabenzi-zigqibp ekubumbeni uphuhliso olwamkelekileyo lwamaqumrhu abo, ngokuxhasa abafazi namntombazana ekufumaniseni ngamalungelo oluntu abo apheleleyo kwaye kuncitshiswe ukungalingani ngesini ekufikeleleni nakulawulo lwemithombo nenzuzo zophuhliso. Iziphumo zokulingana ngesini zifanele ukuba zivakaliswe kuqo onke amanyathelo okuqala.
Ukulinganiselwa kwenkqubela kwiziphumo zokulingana ngobuni kufuna ukulanda emkhondweni izikhomba-ndlela ezifanelekileyo ukwenzela ukuqokelela inkcazelo ngeenguqu ezithi zenze igalelo ekuzuzweni kolingano ngesini.
Olu luhlu lulandelayo ludwelisa amaqhagamshela olingano ngesini nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo zikaZwelonke.
Xa kuthelekiswa namadoda, abafazi ngesiqhelo nje kunganeno okwabo ukufikelela nolawulo kwizinto zophuhliso (imveliso), ingqesho kunye namathuba oqeqesho, iinkonzo ezisisiseko, inkcazelo, kunye nokwenziwa kwesigqibo.
Ukwanda kokufikelela nolawulo lwezinto eziveliswayo, inkqubela kunye nokushishina kwabafazi.
Ukwanda kokufikelela nolawulo lweenkonzo ezisisiseko njengemfundo.
Ukwanda kokuqeqeshelwa ubugcisa nesakhono samathuba ophuhliso kwakunye noqeqeshelo lomsebenzi osele usenziwa kunye namathuba okuphatha kubafazi.
Ukomelezwa kwesakhono samaziko angabalingane, amaqumrhu karhulumente nawezentlalo, ukunyusa, ukubumba nokufaka ukusetyenziswa kwemiqatahngo, iinkqubo kunye nemiseebnzi ethi ibonakalise iimfuno, izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye nezingumdla kubafazi namadoda , kwaye kuxhaswe ukulingana ngesini.
Amalungelo oluntu, ukuthetha okukhululekileyo kunye nolawulo lukarhulumente olulungileyo: ukunyusa intlonelo yamalungelo oluntu, kubandakanywa amalungelo abantwana, ukunyusa ukuthetha okukhululekileyo kunye nolawulo olungcono; nokuqinisa uluntu nokhuseleko lomntu.
Amalungelo oluntu abafazi namntombazana akanakohlulwa ahlangene kwaye alicandelo elingahlukanisekiyo lawo onke amalungelo oluntu neenkululeko ezisisiseko.
Ngokunyusa kunye nokuxhasa iinkqubo ezijongene nokutshatyalaliswa kwazo naziphi iintlobo zocalucalulo ezisekelwe kwisini, isebe linganceda ukubumba isenzo esitsha samalungelo oluntu elithi likhusele bonke abantu.
Amanani amakhulu amaqumrhu abasebenzi amele amalungelo abafazi namantombazana Ukuphaphama okukhulu kwabafazi namntombazana malunga noqoqsho, intlalo, upolitiko kunye nezithethe zabo kunye nenkxaso enkulu yala malungelo evela kumadoda namakhwenkwe.
Ukunyuka kwesakhono samaziko ekufakeni ukusebenza kwemiqathango kunye neenkqubo ezazisa ngemiba enjengobugebenga basemakhaya.
Abafazi namadoda bajongene nezithintelo zentlalo noqoqosho ezohlukeneyo ekunikeni izimvo ngamathuba ezoqoqosho kumaziko abucala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zithintelo zingqamana nokuthi abafazi imfuno yabo inganeno okanye uqeqesho olufanelekileyo, kunganeno ukufikelela nolawulo lwabo lwemali kunye neemakethe zezimali. Abafazi baphinde futhi babe noxanduva olungaphezululokukhathalela amakhaya kunye nabantwana. Imithetho yerhafu ingabandakanya izinikezelo ezicalucalulayo ngakubafazi, ngeli xesha iimvakalelo neenkolelo zingabeka imiqobo kumathuba abafazi kumaziko angasese.
Ngokuphawula nokwazisa oku kungeneliseki kushishino kunye nemiqobo yezentlalo evalela abafazi ekuthatheni inxaxheba ngokulinganayo, isebe liya kwenza igalelo ekukhuleni koqoqosho oluzinzileyo nolulinganayo..
Ukunyuswa koqoqsho olukhethekayo kubafazi abahluphekileyo. Ukufikelela okukhulu kunye nolawulo ekuthengeni ngetyala, uqeqesho kunye neenkonzo zabaphathi abangabafazi.
Ukunyuka kwesakhono sabalingane bamaqumrhu ekwaziseni imiba yokulingana ngobuni kwimiqathango yabo nasekuhlaziyweni koqoqosho.
Ukususwa kwezenzo zocalucalulo olubhekiselele ingakumbi kwimimiselo yokusebenza, (umzekelo: inkululeko ekuphathweni gadalala ngokwesini).
Amava abonakalise ukuba abafazi namdoda banezinto ezibalulekileyo ezahlukeneyo malunga nobuchwepheshe kwaye bazisebenzisa ngokwahlukeneyo (kwaye bohlukene ekufikeleleni nakulawulo) iinkonzo zamaziko okwenzela umsebenzi ezisekwe kwimisebenzi yabo yezentlalo, kuxanduva lwabo, nokuba nezinto nemithombo yemali.
Ngokuphawula ezi yantlukwano, iinkqubo kunye nemisebenzi iya kubanakho ukunika iinkonzo zamaziko okwenzela umsebenzi ezihlangabezan nezidingo zonxibelelwano kunye nezidingo zolwazi zamadoda nabafazi.
Ukuphuculwa kokufikelela kwabafazi kwiinkonzo kunye nakuamziko okwenzela umsebenzi.
Ukunyuswa kwesakhono sabafazi nemibutho yabo ukuze babenefuthe kwizigqibo ngokubhekiselele ekuyilweni kweenkonzo ezinxulumene namaziko okwenziwa kweenkonzo.
Ukunyuka kwengqesho kubafazi.
Ukunyuka kwesakhono samaziko ekubumbeni nasekuphumezeni amaziko okwenzela umsebenzi esithi sivelele isidingo nezinto ezibalulekileyo zabafazi abahluphekielyo.
Ukunyuka kwenani labafazi abaqeshwe kwimisebenzi engeyoyemveli.
Abafazi kuphuhliso: ukuxhasa ukuthatha inxaxheba okupheleleyo kwabafazi njengabalingane abalinganayo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo loluntu lwabo.
Ngeli xesha ukulingana ngesini kuyinjongo efanele ukuhlanganiswa kwiingingqi zonke zendlela zokuqhuba iinkqubo, kwiinkqubo nakwimisebenzi enjongo yazo iyintloko ikukuxhasa ukufumaneka kokulingana ngesini kwaye ixhase iinzame ezibanzi zokuhlanganisa nokunyusa ukulingana ngesini. Imizekelo ibandakanya iimali zesini, inkxaso yamaziko engqalileyo kwisigqeba sesini.
Ukomeleza abalingane bemibutho, imibutho yamaziko abucala ukunyusa, ukubumba nokusebnzisa imigaqo, iinkqubo kunye nemisebenzi ethi ibonakalise izidingo, izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye nezinto ezingumdla kubafazi namadoda kwaye zixhasa ukulingana ngesini.
Ukunyuka kokuphawulwa kobugebenga kubafazi njengengxaki yentlalo kwaye nokuzinikela okukhulu okuvela kwizigqeba zoshishino nakwimibutho yezikhundla elwa obu bundlobongela.
Ukunyuka koqwalaselo kwizidingo zabafazi, kwizinto ezibalulekileyo nezingumdla kubo ezintlanganisweni.
Ukunyuka kwesakhono seqela lesini, ikomiti yesini kunye nemibutho yoqwalaselo lwesini kwimibutho yezikhundla ukuhlola nokufuthela. iinkqubo zocwangciso.
sesebe ukuphumeza umseebnzi walo wesini ngokuyalelwa yiKhabhinethi.
Ukuxhotyiswa okungaphezulu kwabafazi kwezentlalo, kuqoqosho nopolitiko njengoko kulinganiselwa ngokunyuka kokwenza isigqibo, ukuphaphamela umthetho kunye nengqokelela yezenzo zokuzifumanisa ukuba ngabo.
Izidingo zoluntu ezisisiseko: ukuxhasa iinzame zokuhlangabeza izidingo zoluntu.
Abafazi namdoda banezidingo ezahlukeneyo ezivela kwimisebenzi yabo yentlalo kunye noxanduva lwabo. Abafazi baye bathande ukuba babe noxanduva lokuba bafikelele kwizidingo zabo kunye nezo zeentsapho zabo kanjalo, bajongane nezithintelo ezithile ekufikeleleni kwiinkonzo ezihlangabezana nezidingoo zabo ezingundoqo, ngenxa yokuba bengenalungelo lokufikelela nokuba nolawulo nokuphatha imithombo kunye nokungabi negunya lokwenza izigqibo.
Ezi zithintelo zithile mazithathelwe ingqalelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba izidingo zoluntu lonke ezingundoqo ziyahlangabezeka, kwaye nokuthi noqulunqo lwezidingo zoluntu ezingundoqo kunegalelo ekunciphiseni ubuhlwempu.
Ukunyuka kokufikelela nolawulo ekwenzeni isigqibo kwabafazi ekubunjweni, ekuphatheni nasekugcineni umgangatho weenkqubo kunye neenkonzo.
Ukunyuka kokufikelela kwiinkqubo zemfundo yabafazi namantombazana.
Ukupheliswa kweengcinga ezondeleyo zesini kuwo onke amaqumrhu neenkqubo.
Le ncwadana yemigaqo yokulingana ngesini izamile ukubeka imbono ecacileyo kunye nesiseko sokusebenza ukukhokela inkqubo yemithetho yophuhliso, imigaqo, iindlela zokuqhutywa komsebenzi kunye nezenzo eziya kuthi zincede ekuqinisekiseni amalungelo alinganayo kunye namathuba abafazi kunye namadoda kwiinkalo zonke kunye neziseko zokusebenza kumbutho wethu.
Mkhulu umsebenzi osafuna ukwenziwa. Kufuneka kuguqulwe isiseko sokusebenza esifumaneka kule ncwadana siguqulelwe kwiindlela ezithile zokusebenza ezifumanekayo kwaye eziluncedo ekuphunyezweni komsebenzi.
Ukuhlangabezana nalo mngeni kufunwa iinzame ezizinzileyo ngurhulumente, imibutho yabasebenzi, amashishini, imibutho yabucala engeyiyo karhulumenete kunye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISEBE LEZOTHUTHO 1.txt</fn>
IziCatshulwa ezivela kumThetho weziThuthi zeNdlela zikaZwelonke, ka-1996 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-93 ka-1996), kunye neMimiselo yeZithuthi zeNdlela zikaZwelonke, ka- 2000.
Inkoliso yamagosa abandakanyeka ekugunyazisweni nasekukhutshweni kweelayisensi, athembekile.
Kodwa noxa kunjalo, abanye abantu banunusa amagosa ngemali, izipho okanye uncedo olulolunye ukuze bafumane iimvume zokuqhuba.
Kuyenzeka ngamanye amaxesha ukuba amagosa afune imali, izipho okanye okunye ukwenzelelela ukuze akhuphe okanye agunyazise iimvume zokuqhuba ezinjalo.
Ezi zenzo azikho mthethweni !!!!!!
Onke amatyala okuziphatha ngokonakala aya kuphandwa ze bathathelwe amanyathelo abo babandakanyekayo kwizenzo ezilolo hlobo.
Yonke imali ehlawulwayo imiselwe. Ungahlawuli ngaphezulu okanye ufune ukuhlawula ngaphaya kwemali emiselweyo ukuze igosa ligunyazise imvume yakho.
Zonke izimo zokuziphatha ngokonakala mazixelwe. Ukuba unomntu omaziyo ofumene okanye oza kufumana, imvume yakhe yokuqhuba kungekudala, ngokuthembisa okanye ukuvumela isicelo sokunyoba okanye ukuba unolwazi lwesenzo senkohlakalo esibandakanya naliphina igosa, mus'ukuthandabuza ukuqhagamshelana neSebe lezoThutho likaZwelonke ePitoli kwifeksi engu- 012- 309 3812, okanye kwiziko lokusabela ngemfonomfono, elikwingingqi yakho kwii-ofisi zikaRhulumente wePhondo.
I-indikheyitha / izikhombisi zecala esijikela ngakulo isithuthi...
Izixhobo ezibonisa ukhanyo olubonisa ukubuy'umva...
Iindawo zokuma ezisisinyanzeliso...
Amabhanti okuzibophelela emotweni...
Izithinteli ngxolo /iisayilensa ze-ekhzosti...
Itanki yepetroli, Umxokolelwano weengcingo zombane kunye nebhetri...
Isixhobo sokulinganisa isantya...
Isantya esimiselwe intlobo zezithuthi ezithile...
Ubude besithuthi bubonke...
Ububanzi besithuthi bubonke...
Umphakamo wesithuthi uwonke...
Isithintelo ekudityanisweni kwezithuthi...
Iimeko apho abantu banokukhweliswa kwizithuthi zemithwalo...
Ukuqhuba kwindlela eyahluliweyo...
Ukuqhuba kwicala elisekhohlo lendlela...
Ukungavunyelwa ukuqhuba egxalabeni lendlela, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezithile...
Izinto ezibonakala zinokwenzeka...
Ukudlula enye imoto...
Indawo yokumisa imoto...
Imisebenzi yomqhubi gabalala...
Ilungelo lokugqitha kwalowo uhamba ngeenyawo...
Iinqwelo ezishiywe nje...
Imiqondiso yendlela engxamisekileyo (oonxantathu)...
Ukunqumla/ ukungena kwindlela kawonke-wonke...
Ukuqhuba ngokungenankathalo okanye ngokungenaluhoyo...
Ukuqhuba uphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala okanye iziyobisi...
Imeko- bume yendlela...
Le Ncwadana yeMvume yokuFunda ukuqhuba icacisa imithetho yendlela kunye nemithetho enxulumene nayo, ulawulo lwezithuthi kwaneempawu ezenzelwe izithuthi endleleni njengoko iqulunqwe kumThetho kaZwelonke wezeziThuthi eNdleleni.
Ulwazi olupheleleyo lokuqulathwe kule ncwadi luyimfuneko, hayi nje ukuba ufumane imvume yokufunda ukuqhuba kuphela, kodwa ukwazi omawukwenze njani, nini, phi nokuba wenzeni phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Nangona onke amahlelo eempawu zezithuthi endleleni ebandakanywe ngokupheleleyo kule ncwadi, asizizo zonke iimpawu zehlelo ngalinye ezithe zabandakanywa apha.
Kubalulekile ukusoloko ukhumbula kwaye ugcine engqondweni ukuba le ncwadana asilophepha lasemthethweni. Okuqulathwe apha kusekwe kumThetho nemiGqaliselo kaZwelonke weZithuthi eNdleleni kwaye ichazwe ngendlela elula.
ImiThetho yeZithuthi eNdleleni itshintsha rhoqo, kungoko ke, le ncwadi iya kusoloko ihlelwa njalo, kodwa ke, iingcebiso ezakhayo zokonyusa njalo umgangatho wolu papasho, zamkelekile.
Ngaphandle kokuba ubuthulu abunakuthi ngokunokwabo buthathwe njengesiphene esilolo hlobo.
Ungafaka isicelo sokuvavanyelwa ilayisensi yokufunda ukuqhuba, kuxwebhu lokufaka isicelo olufanelekileyo (form LL1), nakuliphi iziko lokuvavanya, elisemthethweni.
c lawulo kwisithuthi esikhulu.
Nje ukuba ilayisensi yakho evunyiweyo yokufunda ukuqhuba uyipase, ilayisensi leyo yokufunda ukuqhuba iya kuba semthethweni iinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo ukususela kumhla wovavanyo.
Uya kwenziwa uvavanyo lwamehlo kwiziko elo kwaye ilaysensi yokufunda ukuqhuba iya kukhutshwa xa ngaba ukubona kwakho ngamehlo kufikelela kwimigangatho emiselweyo, njengoko iqulunqwe kuMthetho kaZwelonke weziThuthi eNdleleni..
c Lowo unokhowudi 3 wemvume yokufunda ukuqhuba unegunya lokuqhuba nasiphina isithuthi okanye umxokolelwana wezithuthi ngaphandle kwesithuthuthu, isithuthuthu esiyi-trayisekile okanye isithuthuthu esimavili amane.
b Umntu onokhowudi 3 wemvume yokufunda ukuqhuba uya kuqhuba kuphela ezo zithuthi agunyaziswe ukuqhuba zona eselisweni nolawulo ngqo lomntu onemvume/ilayisensi yokuqhuba olo didi lwesithuthi.
c Ukuze ufumane imvume yokufunda ukuqhuba kufuneka ube neminyaka yobudala eli-18.
d Imvume yakho yokufunda ukuqhuba iya kuba semthethweni iinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo ukususela ngomhla oluphunyelelwe ngayo uvavanyo.
Ukukhanyisa maxa onke.
a eliphakathi kokuphuma nokutshona kwelanga, kunye b nangalo naliphi na ixesha, ngenxa yokukhanya okungenelanga okanye iimeko zesimo sezulu esibi, ekuthi abantu kunye nezithuthi kwindlela kawonke-wonke bangabonakali ngokucacileyo kumgama okwimitha ezili-150.
kwisibane esilayitiweyo, sesitalato esikhanyisela indlela apho isithuthi esilolo hlobo sipakwe khona.
Zonke izibane zangaphambili ezikhupha imitha engundoqo kufuneka ilungelelaniswe kwaye igcinwe ngohlobo lokuba iya kuba nakho ukuba nokukhanyisa ngokwaneleyo, ikhanyisa ubukhulu bendawo engaphambi kwesithuthi, yenze ukuba umqhubi abe nokubona nawuphi na umntu, isithuthi okanye into ecacileyo ekumgama oli-100 leemitha, ubuncinane.
Ngokunjalo naxa uhlangabezana nesinye isithuthi.
Isithuthi masingaqhutywa kwindlela kawonke- wonke sinezibane zokupaka ekuphela kwazo ezikhanyisiweyo ngeli xa eso sithuthi sihamba/ sishukuma.
Ezikhupha ilitha elibomvu.
Kumntu obona ngokuqhelekileyo.
ukuba sisetyenziswa kuphela kwindawo yengozi okanye kwimeko yesithuthi esaphukileyo okanye xa kuxilongwa iipali ezihamba phezulu, zemfonomfono, ezocingo okanye ezombane.
Awunakusebenzisa nasiphina isithuthi kwindlela kawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokuba sifakelwe isixhobo sokulumkisa (ihutari) esikwimeko efanelekileyo yaye, xa sisetyenziswa siyakwazi ukukhupha isandi esivakala kakuhle kumgama weemitha ezingama-90.
IiSayireni okanye izixhobo zokulumkisa eziculayo mazingasetyenziswa kwizithuthi ezizezabantu.
nebreki yethuba lengxakeko.
Ngaphandle kokuba ibreki yethuba lengxakeko neyokupakisa zingaba yibreki enye edibeneyo.
xa sisetyenziswa, isibane masibonise ukukhanya okudanyaza ngeziqabu okukhulu kangangokuba kube nokubonakala cace emini kumgama weemitha ezimgama-30 kumntu obona nje kakuhle.
Izibane zezalathisi ndlela, xa zisetyenziswa mazikhuphe ukukhanya okumhlophe, okutyheli nokutyheli-lubhelu ngaphambili, nokutyheli, okutyheli-lubhelu okanye okubomvu ngasemva.
Awunakusisebenzisa isithuthi esikhulu kwindlela kawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokuba zonke iindawo zegiya yokuqhuba zinonotshelwe ngendlela eyenza ukuba isithuthi siqhutywe ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuyimpumelelo.
Isithuthi esikhulu asinakusetyenziswa kwindlela kawonke-wonke ukuba ummandla wokujika weso sithuthi ungaphezulu kweemitha ezili-13,1.
Isithuthi esikhulu masifakelwe phaya ngasemva kuso iiretro-reflektha ezibomvu zibe mbini, ibe nye kwicala ngalinye.
Ukusukela ngomhla woku- 1 kaJanuary 2001, isixhobo esimenyezelisa tyheli (njengoko kumiselwe), kunyanzelekile ukuba sifakelwe kumacala nakumva wezithuthi zempahla ezibunzima besithuthi bubonke bungaphaya kwekhilogram ezili-10000.
Zona izithuthi zempahla ezibunzima besithuthi bubonke bungekho ngaphaya kwe-10000 leekhilogram, zinga-fakelwa ngemicu emacaleni nangasemva, kodwa ayisosinyanzelo, kodwa ke, xa isixhobo esimenyezelisa tyheli sifakelwe kwisithuthi sempahla, akukho mfuneko yeretro-reflektha ezityheli, ezibalulwe apha ngasentla.
ngokucelwa okanye ngomqondiso owenziwa ngumntu okhokhele okanye oqhuba nasiphi isilwanyana esinjengenkomo, ihashe, idonki, imeyile, igusha, ibhokhwe, ihagu okanye inciniba, endleleni.
Xa eqhuba isithuthi esikhulu kwindlela kawonke-wonke eyahlulwe yaziileyini zezithuthi, ngokusebenzisa iimpawu zendlela, umqhubi makangasuku kwenye ileyini aye kwenye ngaphandle kokuba unokwenza njalo engathintelanga okanye abeke engozini ezinye izithuthi.
Umqhubi wesithuthi onenjongo yokuma, okanye ukujikela isithuthi ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene, makanike umqondiso obonakalayo, wenjongo yakhe, obonakala nakowuphi umntu osondela kuye ngaphambili okanye ngemva okanye ecaleni, kwaye ube ngexesha elaneleyo ukulumkisa loo mntu ngenjongo yakhe.
thatha isihlalo kuludwe lwezitulo olungafakelwanga amabhanti okuzibophelela esitulweni, ngaphandle kokuba zonke izihlalo ezinamabhanti ezitulo kolo ludwe, se zihleli abanye abantu.
ukuba asikho isiqhoboshi sokubamba umntwana, aganngxe ibhanti yokuzibophelela esitulweni xa ikhona.
Ukuba asikho isihlalo esinebhanti yokuzibophelela, umqhubi uya kuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana uya kuhlala kwisitulo sangasemva, xa ngabe eso sithuthi silungiselelwe isitulo sangasemva.
nokukhupha ukukhanya okubonakalayo ngefestile esisibamba-moya okungama- 70% ubuncinane.
Isithuthi esikhulu esinefestile esisibamba-moya kufuneka ibe nesixhobo sokosula ifestile esisibamba-moya (wayipha) kwaye xa isebenza , yosule umphandle wefestile esisibamba-moya ngqo phambi komqhubi, rhoqo, ngokulinganayo, ngokwaneleyo.
sigcinwe ngohlobo lokuba igesi yombhobho okanye umsi, ayivuzeli kwindawo yomqhubi (ikhebhu) okanye kwikompatimenti yabakhweli (iipasenja).
ngaphandle kokuba iingcingo zombane nebhetri zifakwe ngokufanelekileyo, zigqunywe ngerabha zikwagcinwe kakuhle khon'ukuze iingcingo nebhetri ezilolo hlobo azinakuba yintsusa yengozi.
Injini yesithuthi esikhulu kufuneka yogqunywe ngohlobo lokuba ayinakuba ngunobangela wengozi.
Akukho mntu oya kusebenzisa isithuthi kwindlela kawonke-wonke, esikwimo yokuba senze ingxolo egqithisileyo.
Isithuthi esikhulu esiyilelwe ukuba okanye esinokufikelela kwisantya esingama- 60 ekhilomitha ngeyure (km/h) okanye ngaphezulu, masifakelwe imitha yesantya esisebenza kakuhle nangokufanelekileyo.
Umnyino wesantya sokuqhuba usebenza kuzo zonke iindlela kwaye akukho mfuneko yokuba ude uboniswe ngomqondiso wezithuthi endleleni.
isithuthi esidityanisiweyo, esibunzima obudibeneyo bubonke belori eyitrekta bungaphaya kwe-9000 leekhilogram.
bhasana encinci esetyenziselwa ukuthutha abantu ngenjongo yenzuzo.
UWiso-mThetho lulungiselele unyino (uthintelo) lobude bubonke eziluhlobo oluthile.
nasiphi isithuthi esisesinye, ukuba ububanzi baso bubonke bungaphezu kweemitha ezi- 2,5.
ungaphezu kweemitha ezi-4,6, ngokubhekiselele nakusiphi esinye isithuthi esisesinye.
Kwimeko yongxamiseko, kuvumelekile esinye isithuthi esingeyotreyila, kunye netreyila.
Nanini apho indlela kawonke-wonke yahlulwe kubini okanye ngaphezulu, akukho mntu uvumelekileyo ukuba aqhube isithuthi kuloo ndlela kawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokuba uqhuba kwicala lasekhohlo lelo cala lendlela, ngaphandle kokuba uyalelwa okanye uvunyelwa ngumqondiso wendlela ofanelekileyo okanye ligosa lezendlela ukuba asebenzise elinye icala lendlela.
ngokuthobela umyalelo wegosa lezothutho okanye umqondiso wezithuthi endleleni.
kuba abantu nezithuthi ezikuloo ndlela kawonke-wonke zibonakala ngokucacileyo kumgama oziimitha ezingama-150 ubuncinane.
makungafakelwa zibrakethi (azibalwa izibane ezibonisa okungasemva ezisemacaleni) eziphokele ngaphezu kweemilimitha ezili-150 ukuya emacaleni.
ibe ziretro-riflektha ebusuku, okanye ngalo naliphi ixesha apho abantu nezithuthi bengabonakali kakuhle ngenxa yeemeko ezingentlanga. Iiretro-riflektha ezimhlophe ngaphambili ze ibe ziiretro-riflektha ezibomvu ngasemva.
Umqhubi wesithuthi onenjongo yokudlula esinye isithuthi esiya kweli cala aya kulo kwindlela kawonke-wonke uya kugqitha ngasekunene kwaso kumgama okhuselekileyo kwaye akayi kuphinda aqhube kwicala lendlela elingasekhohlo (enxele) de abe ugqithe ngokupheleleyo ngokukhuselekileyo kwizithuthi ebezidlula.
eqhuba ngokuthobela imiyalelo ayinikwa ligosa lezendlela.
Ngaphaya koko ngaphandle kokuba angekhe nakuyiphi na imeko ukudlula esinye isithuthi kuya kwenzeka ngokuqhuba egxalabeni lendlela okanye kungqameko lwendlela kawonke-wonke.
umgaqo wendlela wendlela elolo hlobo awuvulelwanga izithuthi eziya kwicala elinye.
qhuba kufutshane nongqameko lwendlela kangangoko unakho.
musukonyusa isantya sesithuthi sakho de sibe sidlulile esinye isithuthi.
Xa sel'eza kugqitha izithuthi ezijongene naye, umqhubi wesithuthi kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba isithuthi sakhe asiphokeli, kumgaqo wendlela ngasekunene kwakhe kangangokuba angasitha okanye abeke esichengeni sengozi izithuthi zendlela ezimhlangabezayo.
Umqhubi wesithuthi esijonge ukugqitha ibhasi emileyo, makakwenze oko ngenkathalo enkulu elumkele abantu abasondela okanye abaphuma kuloo bhasi.
ngohlobo lokuba ithintele (isithe) nayiphi na indawo yokungena isithuthi.
okanye nakuyiphi indawo yomgaqo wendlela (ngaphandle kwamagxalaba) kawonke-wonke ongaphandle kwindawo esedolophini okanye nangayiphi na indawo yesithuthi esilolo hlobo kumgama wemitha e-1 kungqameko lomgaqo wendlela.
akukho mntu uvumelekileyo ukuba apake isithuthi sakhe kwisiqithi sendlela okanye kwindawo okanye ileyini yabahamba ngeenyawo.
nakuyiphi indawo apho ukumisa isithuthi kungenza ingozi okanye ukuthinteleka kwezinye izithuthi zendlela.
Akukho mntu oya kuqhuba, atsalele okanye atyhilizele isithuthi kwindledlana yokuhamba abantu, esecaleni komgaqo.
Ekumhlaba wokunqumla kwabahamba ngeenyawo.
Ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba isithuthi sime kwindawo yokunqumla abahamba ngeenyawo, umqhubi waso nasiphi isithuthi esisesinye akavumelekanga ukuba egqithe kwesi sithuthi simileyo.
zakuthathwa njengesiyekiweyo okanye esilahliweyo ngumnini-so.
ukusebenzisa nasiphi isithuthi okanye into okanye ukuqhuba isithuthi endleleni ngendlela engadala umonakalo kwindlela leyoendleleni apho.
nangasiphi isizathu esingaphaya kwamandla akhe.
umqondiso wesandla xa eqhuba isithuthi kuhola wendlela ngaphandle kwesizathu esingaphaya kwamandla akhe.
oya kuhamba ngeenyawo kuhola wendlela kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo.
kushiya okanye avumele isilwanyana ukuba sibe kuhola wendlela okanye ashiye isilwanyana kwindawo apho sinokuthi siphambukele kuhola wendlela.
Apho isithuthi simileyo endleleni kawonke-wonke, umqhubi weso sithuthi makabeke emboniselweni umqondiso olumkisayo. Wengozi omnye, ubuncinane.
Umqhubi wesithuthi akasayi kunqumla indlela kawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokuba indlela ayinazithuthi zihambayo endleleni umgama owaneleyo ukumvumela ukuba anqumle ngaphandle kokuphazamisana okanye abeke esichengeni sengozi ezinye izithuthi ezisendleleni.
Umqhubi wesithuthi akasayi kungena endleleni kawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokuba angakwenza oko ngokhuseleko kuye nakwezinye izithuthi ezisendleleni.
ukuba akakanikeli ngegama lakhe nelomnini moto kwanedilesi nenombolo-mbhalo yesithuthi kwigosa lezendlela elikwindawo yengozim makayixele kwizikolamapolisa zingaphelanga iiyure ezingama-24I ze anike naziphi iinkcukacha ezizezinye ezinokufunwa ngaye.
ngathathi nasiphi isiselo esiphazamisa ingqondo okanye naziphi iziyobisi, ngaphandle engekayixeli ingozi, ngaphandle kokuba uyalelwe ngugqirha.
Ukuba kukho umntu oswelekileyo okanye olimeleyo engozini, kwaye ingozi leyo idala ukuthinteleka okupheleleyo endleleni makungabikho sithuthi sisisuswayo kwindawo ethe yaphumla ngayo phantsi, ngaphandle kokuba indawo leyo ithe yaphawulwa ngokucacileyo kumgangatho wendlela ngumntu osusa isithuthi eso, okanye kube ukususwa kwenziwe ngokomyalelo wegosa lezendlela.
Akukho mntu omakaqhube isithuthi endleleni engabacingeli abanye abantu abasebenzisa indlela.
ndlela engaluse-so ukhuseleko lwabantu okanye impahla, ekwenza oko ngabom.
ahlale kwisihlalo somqhubi saso nasiphi na isithuthi ngeli xa injini yaso iduma, ngexesha ephantsi kweempembelelo zotywala okanye isiyobisi esinefuthe lokudakumbisa imizwa.
Akukho mqhubi osafundayo omakazame ukuqhuba isithuthi phambi kokuba aziqhele ngokwaneleyo izixhobo zokusilawula.
Ukulumkisa abanye abasebenzisi ndlela ngeenjongo zomqhubi.
Ukwenza ukuba abahabi ngeenyawo babuthathele ingqalelo ubukho bakho.
Ukugcina isithuthi esipakiweyo simile.
Zenza ukuba umqhubi abe nakho ukubeka esweni imeko yezinye izithuthi ezisendleleni, ezingasemva.
Isetyenziswa ukulawula isantya sesithuthi okanye ukusenza sime ngxi.
Isetyenziswa ukunqumamisa uqhakamshelwano phakathi kwenjini nesixhobo esenza isithuthi sihambe (ukugqithisela).
Imiqondiso elawulayo isetyenziswa ukuyalela, ukulawula, nokuthintela izenzo zabasebenzisi ndlela ngendlela yokuba baya kwenza okanye bangenzi izenzo eziboniswa ziimpawu ezilolo hlobo.
Misa isithuthi sakho isiphelo somphambili waso singqamane nophawu, okanye ukuba umgca wokumisa usetyenziswe kunye nophawu, isiphelo somphambili masibe semva komgca wokumisa ngqo, sukugqitha de kube kukhuselekile ukwenza njalo.
qhubeleka phambili okanye ukujikela ekunene esiphambukeni, yenza njengoko ubuya kwenza kuphawu oluthi yima; okanye qhubeka ngasekhohlo esiphambukeni, kufuneka umele zonke izithuthi eziziinqwelo ezivela ngasekunene, ungegqithi de kube kukhuselekile ukwenza njalo.
Ukuba usondela kolu phawu, yenza njengakuphawu oluthi yima, kwaye ungaqhubeleki ukuya esiphambukeni de kwasithuthi esime nakuwuphi umgca wokumisa esekileni kuqala kunawe, esingakunqumla endleleni yakho, sibe sisikile mpela esekileni.
Xa usondela kolu phawu, kufuneka uvulele esinye isithuthi ezisendleleni edibana nale uhamba kuyo, kwimeko apho isithuthi sikufutshane kangangoba singadala ingozi.
Ungangeni kule ndlela okanye indawo.
Xa usondela kwisekilana encinci, mela nasiphi isithuthi esiza kuwela umgca wokuyilda kuqala kunawe nesinganqumla kwindlela yesithuthi sakho. Hamba njengakumjikelo wewotshi esiphambukeni uzame ukuba unhaphokeli kwisekilana encinci.
Soloko uhamba njengakumjikelo wewotshi ze unike ithuba kwizithuthi ezivela ngasekunene, apha kunojikeleza.
Xa usondela kolu phawu, jonga ulumkele abahamba ngeenyawo ze unike ithuba lokugqitha kubo bonke abahamba ngeenyawo xa kufaneleke njalo.
Akuvumelekanga ukuba abahambi ngeenyawo begqithe kolu phawu.
Xa uhammba kule ndlela, yiya kuphela kwicala eliboniswa lutolo.
Thoba isantya okanye ume, xa ngaba kuyimfuneko ukuba umisele izithuthi eziza ngaphambili ze uqhubeke xa kukhuselekile ukwenza njalo.
Soloko uphuma ngasekhohlo lwesithinteli esisendleleni apho kubekwe khona olu phawu.
Yiya kuphela kwicala elikhonjwa lutolo oluseluphawini.
Yiya kuphela kwicala elikhonjwa lutolo oluseluphawini.
Yiya kuphela kwicala elikhonjwa lutolo oluseluphawini.
Musa ukujika ekhohlo esiphambukeni okanye kwindawo yokungena engaphambili.
Musa ukujika ekunene esiphambukeni okanye kwindawo yokungena phaya ngaphambili.
Musa ukujikela ngasekunene apho ubona khona olu phawu.
Musa ukugqitha kwisantya esilolu hlobo, ngokuqhuba ngaphezu kwesantya esikhonjiswe eluphawini.
Musa ukuqhuba ngesantya esingaphantsi kweso sikhonjiswe eluphawini.
Akukho sithuthi emasiqhutywe kule ndlela, ngaphandle kwesi sikhonjwe eluphawini.
Akukho sithuthi esisesinye ngaphandle kwesiboniswe eluphawini, ekuvumelekileyo ukuba siqhutywe kule ndlela.
Akukho sithuthi esisesinye nagaphandle kwesiboniswe eluphawini, ekuvumelekileyo ukuba siqhutywe kule ndlela.
Akukho sithuthi esisesinye ngaphandle kwesiboniswe eluphawini, ekuvumelekileyo ukuba siqhutywe kule ndlela.
Akukho sithuthi esisesinye ngaphandle kwesiboniswe eluphawini, ekuvumelekileyo ukuba siqhutywe kule ndlela.
Akukho sithuthi esisesinye ngaphandle kwesiboniswe eluphawini, ekuvumelekileyo ukuba siqhutywe kule ndlela.
Kuya kufuneka ubhatale irhafu xa uqhubeka uhamba kule ndlela. Ukuba awufuni kuhlawula mali, kofuneka usebenzise indlela eyenye njengoko kuxeliwe.
Qinisekisa ukuba imitha ezihlileyo yesithuthuthu sakho ikhanyisiwe.
Musa ukusisebenzisa isixhobo sokulumkisa (ihutari) sesithuthuthu sakho, ngaphandle kwaxa ungenakunceda, kumgama we-100 leemitha ngaphaya kolu phawu.
Musa ukusebenzisa indlela okanye isuntswana layo apho kuboniswe olu phawu, ngaphandle kokuba unikwe imvume yoko.
Thoba isantya uhlale ngasemva kwetrafiki ubuncinane iimitha ezingama-500 ngaphaya kolu phawu.
Yiya phambili de kube kukhuselekile ukujika ubuyela emva.
Yiya phambili de kube kukhuselekile okanye kuvumelekile ukupakisha.
Yiya phambili de kube kukhuselekile okanye kuvumelekile ukumisa.
Musa ukugqithela ngaphaya kophawu, xa uqhuba isithuthi esifana nesi siboniswe eluphawini.
Ukuba ububanzi besithuthi sakho bungaphazulu kobo buboniswe eluphawini, musa ukugqitha ngaphaya kophawu.
Ukuba umphakamo wesithuthi sakho ungaphaya kwalowo ukhonjiswe eluphawini, ungegqitheli ngaphaya kophawu.
Ukuba ubude besithuthi sakho bubgaphaya kobo buboniswe eluphawini, ungegqitheli ngaphaya kophawu.
Ukuba ungumqhubi/umkhweli wesithuthi esingesiso esikhonjwe eluphawini, awuvumelekanga ukuba ugqithe ngaphaya kophawu.
Nakuyiphi indlela kawonke-wonke okanye isuntswana layo, apho ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunyinelwe ukusetyenziswa zizithuthi ezikhonjiswe eluphawini kuphela.
Nakuyiphi indlela kawonke-wonke okanye isuntswan alayo, apho ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunyinelwe ukusetyenziswa zizithuthi ezikhonjwe eluphawini kuphela.
Nakuyiphi indlela kawonke-wonke okanye isuntswana layo, apho ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubekelwe izithuthi ezikhonjiswe eluphawini kuphela.
Nakuyiphi indlela kawonke-wonke okanye isuntswana layo, apho ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubekelwe izithuthi ezikhonjiswe eluphawini kuphela.
Nakuyiphi indlela okanye isuntswana layo, apho ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubekelwe ukusetyenziswa zizithuthi ezikhonjiswe eluphawini kuphela.
Nakuyiphi indlela kawone-wonke okanye isuntswana layo, apho ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubekelwe ukusetyenziswa zizithuthi eziboniswe eluphawini kuphela.
Lumkela ezinye izithuthi ezihlangana kwiindawo zokungena.
Lumkela ezinye izithuthi ezihlangana kwiindawo zokungena.
Abantu abahamba ngeenyawo abavumelekanga ukuba begqithe kolu phawu ngamaxesha akhonjwe eluphawini.
Abaqhubi bezithuthi abavumelekanga ukuba bemise apho kuboniswe khona olu phawu, ngamaxesha abonswe kwakolu phawu.
Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zisetyenziswa ukulumkisa abaqhubi bezithuthi ngeemeko eziyingozi ezindleleni okanye emigaqweni esondeleleneyo.
Noxa unelungelo lendlela xa uhamba emgaqweni omkhulu, jonga itrafiki evela ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene emgaqweni omncinci.
Hamba kancinci ulumkele itrafiki evele ngasekhohlo nangasekunene. Yima xa kuvela itrafiki nokuba kukweliphi icala kuba banelungelo lendlela.
Hamba kancinci, ume xa kufaneleke njalo. Qhubeka kuphela xa kukhuselekile ukwenza njalo.
Hamba kancinci, ume xa kufuneka njalo. Qhubeka kuphela xa kukhuselekile ukwenza njalo.
Qhuba ngasekhohlo kangangoko.
Qhuba ngasekhohlo kangangoko unakho.
Hamba kancinci okanye ume xa kufuneka njalo, ukuvulela indlela omnye umqhubi.
Hlisa isantya ukuze sifanele imeko.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esifanele imeko.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esifanele imeko.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esifanele imeko.
Hamba ngasekhohlo kangangoko kukhuselekileyo.
Hlala ngasekhohlo ze ulumkele itrafiki macala omabini.
Hamba kancinci futhi utshintshe ileyini xa kukho imfuneko yoko.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esngenangozi kwimeko elolu hlobo kwaye ulumkele itrafiki ahlangana macala omabini.
Hamba kancinci, umise xa kufaneleke njalo.
Hamba kancinci, ume xa kufaneleke njalo.
Xa usondela kwitonela kwindlela kawonke-wonke.
Hamba kancinci futhu ukhanyise izibane eziphantsi zemoto, xa kukho imfuneko.
Hamba kancinci kwaye umise xa kukho imfuneko, ukunika ilungelo lendlela kwabahamba ngeenyawo.
Hamba kancinci kwaye ulumkele abahamba ngeenyawo endleleni.
Hamba kancinci kwaye ulumkele abantwana endleleni.
Nakuyiphi indlela kawonke-wonke apho kungalindeleka izilwanyana zasendle.
Hamba kancinci waye ulumkele izilwanyana zasefama endleleni.
Hamba kancinci ume xa kufaneleke njalo.
Hamba kancinci, ulumkele itrafikhi kwaye ume ekungeneni ukuna isithuthi esivela kwelinye icala sesiphakathi kwisakhiwo, okanye sesikufutshane kuso kangangoba singadala ingozi.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esifanele imeko.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esingenabungozi.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esingenabungozi.
Hamba kancinci ume xa kufaneleke njalo.
Hamba kancinci ume xa kufanele njalo.
Hamba kancinci kwaye uthathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esifanele imeko.
Lumkela izithuthi zolimo ezihamba kancinci.
Hamba kancinci ukuqinisekisa ukugcina umgama ongenakwenza bungozi.
Hamba kancinci kwaye ulumkele iziphazamisi.
Lindela inqwelo moya kwingingqi enolu phawu.
Hamba kancinci, ume xa kufaneleke njalo.
Xa usondela apho kunqunyulwa khona isiporo.
Hamba kancinci, ume xa kufuneka njalo.
Hamba kancinci futhi ulumkele isiphazamiso emasidlulwe ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene.
Hamba kancinci kwaye ulumkele isiphazamiso emasidlulwe ngasekhohlo okanye ekunene njengoko kuboniswa lutolo.
Nakuwuphi uhola wendlela kancinci nje phambi kokuba ufike kweso siphazamiso ngasekunene okanye ngasekhohlo lendlela.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esifanele imeko.
Hamba kancinci ngesantya esifanele imeko.
Hamba kancinci kwaye uzilungiselele ukuma xa kunokufuneka njalo.
Hamba kancinci ze ujike kuba indlela ayiqhubeleki ngaphaya kolu phawu.
Hamba kancinci ze uqunisekise ukuba isithuthi sakho aiza kusiphepha isiphazamiso.
Ezi zimpawu zendlela ezikhombisa indawo, icala, umgama, ezobumnandi, isibonelelo, indawo enomdla, indawo enomtsalaane kubakhenkhethi, okanye nayiphi na indibaniselwano yezi, okanye uphawu lwendlela lwezothutho olunika ulwazi jikelele okanye icebiso kubasebenzisi.
Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa indawo yokuphuma, yenza isikhombisi esikhoyo sisebenze kwangethuba, kwaye lungisa isantya sesithuthi sakho ngokunjalo.
Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa indawo yokuphuma, yenza isikhombisi esikhoyo sisebenze kwangethuba, kwaye lungisa isantya sesithuthi sakho ngokunjalo.
Ukuba le ndlela asiyo ndlela iphumelayo.
Ungayisebenzisi lendlela ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka ngqo.
Lukhombisa kumsebenzisi wendlela ukuba indlela engaphaya kolu phawu esiyondlela iphumelayo.
Ukuba le ndlela asiyo ndlela iphumelayo..
Ungayisebenzisi lendlela ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka ekunene.
Lubonisa umsebenzisi wendlela ukuba indlela eya ngasekunxele asiyondlela iphumelayo.
Kunqumlwano lwayo nayiphi na indlela kawonke-wonke, ukulumkisa umsebenzisi wendlela ukuba indlela esekunxele asiyo ndlela iphumelayo.
Ungayisebenzisi lendlela ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka uye ngasenxele.
Lukhombisa umsebenzisi wendlela ukuba izithuthi kwindlela ahamba kuyo zingahamba kwisiphambuka esingaphambili.
Ukukumela ukuba udlule.
Lubonisa abasebenzisi bendlela ngobukho bepaki kunye nendawo yokukhwela.
Thoba isantya kwaye ujonge izithuthi kunye nabahambi ngeenyawo abaphuma okanye abangena kummandla.
Indawo ene-ofisi yolwazi ikhefi okanye ibhodi.
Inezigaba ezingaphezulu kwisibini.
Zinezigaba ezingaphezulu kwesibini.
awafani njengerobhothi enezigaba ezibini.
Qhubeka kuphela xa umqondiso oluhlaza, uvelile kwaye kukhuselekile ukwenza oko.
Lukhombisa abasebenzisi bendlela ukuba yimalini ehlawulwayo kwisango elihlawulelwayo elingaphambili.
Njengoko ikhonjisiwe ngokwendlela yophawu lwendlela.
Iimpawu eziphawula indlela zikhombisa abasebenzisi bendlela icala eya kulo indlela, inani, njl. njl.
Iimpawu zecala ezikhombisa icala okanye umgama oya kwindawo.
Zikhombisa abakhenkethi amacala eendawo zokhenketho ezinomtsalane.
Ezi mpawu zilumkisa abasebenzisi bendlela malunga notshintsho endleleni.
Uphawu lwendawo yokuphuma ebamba izithuthi ezikhulu xa ziphelelwe ziziqhoboshi exelwe ngethuba.
Ngokukhuselekileyo de igophe ligqitywe.
Kuyo nayiphina indlela kawonke-wonke eye ibe namajiko-jiko.
De ukhonjiswe luphawu lwendlela ukuba ukwenze oko.
Apho imingxunya inokulindeleka.
Isenzo esiphephayo ukuba kuye kwakho imfuneko.
Apho kuyimfuneko ukuba uyimise imoto ingashukumi.
Siphezulu kakhulu ukuba sikhuseleke.
Ukulumkisa abasebenzisi bendlela ngendawo eyehlayo ngaphambili kumgama othile.
Esezantsi ukub akuye kwakho imfuneko.
Uphawu lwexeshana lulo naluphi na uphawu olubekwe endleleni ukuze lubonwe ngabasebenzisi bendlela ukukhombisa utshintsho kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo nokuba oku kokwemizuzu embalwa, iiyure okanye iinyanga ezininzi..
Apho iimpawu ezimbini zendlela ziphixanayo enye nenye, iimpawu zexeshana iya kuba zizo ezisebenzayo ngaphezu kwalio naluphi na uphawu.
Ingakumbi kummandla wesikolo.
Ukuze abantwana abanqumla aindlela bahambe.
Kuyo nayiphina indlela kawonke-wonke.
Thoba isantya kwaye ujonge isigutyuli.
Ingakumbi iindela ezisanda kufakwa itha ezenziwe umphezulu ngokutsha.
Aqengqelekayo anokonakalisa isithuthi sakho.
Kwaye inobungozi kuye nabanina ofuna ukumisa ecaleni kwendlela.
Okanye emva kweemvula ezinkulu.
Thoba isantya kwaye ukuphepha ukuqhuba ecaleni endleleni.
Thoba isantya kwaye ume, ukuba uyalelwe ukuba uyalelwe ukuba wenze oko.
Thoba isantya kwaye ume, ukuba uyalelwe ukuba uyalelwe ukuba wenze oko.
Apho abasebenzisi bendlelakufuneka bazisiwe ngengozi engaphambili.
Thoba isantya okanye ume xa kukho imfuneko.
Lulumkisa umsebenzisi wendlela ngobukho bamapolisa ngaphambili kuphawu lokuma lwexeshana, okanue lulumkisa ngendawo yengozi okanye ukwenzeka okufanayo apho amapolisa akhoyo.
Bazisiwe ngokuma kwamapolisa ngaphambili.
Thoba isantya okanye ume xa kukho imfuneko.
Bazisiwe ngobukho bengozi ngaphambili.
Thoba isantya okanye ume xa kukho imfuneko.
Apho kulungiswa khona indlela.
Afanelekileyo njengoko uyalelwe luphawu.
Evalwe okwexeshana kwitrafiki.
Thoba isantya okanye ume xa kukho imfuneko.
Apho indlela ivalwe okwexeshana.
Kwicala elikhonjiswe kuphawu.
Indlela ukhonjiswe ngohlobo lophawu lwendlela.
Ingakumbi ezisuka ekunene.
Ngesantya esisezantsi kuneso sikhonjiswe kuphawu.
Ukhombisa umsebenzisi wendlela ukuba aqhubeke kwisiphambuka.
Ekudibaneni kweendlela kwindlela kawonke-wonke.
Kwindawo yokunqumla abahamba ngenyawo.
Ukhombisa umsebenzisi wendlela ukuba eme.
Ekudibaneni kweendlela kwindlela kawonke-wonke.
Ekudibaneni kweendlela kwindlela kawonke-wonke.
Xa kukhuselekile ukuba kwenziwe.
Ukuba enze njengakwindawo yokuma.
Ekudibaneni kweendlela kwindlela kawonke-wonke.
Lokuma, kwaye ngeke uqhubekele kwisiphambuka de zibe zonke izithuthi ebezimile kwelinye icala lomgca wokuma phambi kwakho, kwaye ebeziza kunqumla indlela yakho, zisukile kwisiphambuka.
Ngumqondiso, ukuba kukhuselekile.
Ekudibaneni kweendlela kwindlela kawonke-wonke.
Oluhlaza ukuba uvele.
Ekudibaneni kweendlela kwindlela kawonke-wonke.
Qhubeka nokuba idiski ebomvu ivelile.
Makuhambe itrafiki evela ekunene.
Okanye abantu abahamba ngeenyawo ekuvele kubo isibane esiluhlaza.
Thoba isantya kwaye ume.
Oko kukhombisa uloliwe ozayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kumasango ahlawulelwayo.
Oluvele phezu kwayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kumasango ahlawulelwayo.
Ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka.
Olu tolo oluvezwe kuyo, ivaliwe ngaphambili.
Kuyo nayiphina indlela kawonke-wonke.
Indawo yokuba eme.
Thoba isantya kwaye ume ngoko nangoko emva komgca wokuma.
Ukuba wenze oko.
Indawo apho makamele enye itrafiki ekufanele ihambe.
Ekhohlo okanye ekunene.
Imfuneko ukuvumela ezinye izithuthi zihambe.
Kwindawo yokunqumla abahamba ngeenyawo.
Thoba isantya kwaye ujonge abahambi ngeenyawo, yima ukuba kukho imfuneko ukuvumela abo bahambi ngeenyawo banqumla indlela kwindawo yokunqumla abahamba ngeenyawo.
Ngeenyawo banqumla indlela.
Thoba isantya kwaye ujonge abahambi ngeenyawo, yima ukuba kukho imfuneko ukuvumela abo bahambi ngeenyawo banqumla indlela kwindawo yokunqumla abahamba ngeenyawo.
Lokuba kungadlulwa ezinye izithuthi, okanye ahambe kuloo nxenye yendlela aye ekunene.
Apho ukudlula ezinye izithuthi kuyingozi.
Kancinane, de kube kukhuselekile ukudlula.
Apho ukudlula ezinye izithuthi kuyingozi.
Kancinane, de kube kukhuselekile ukudlula.
Ekhohlo kophawu olunjalo.
Kuyo nayiphina indlela kawonke-wonke.
Ekunene kophawu olunjalo.
Kuyo nayiphina indlela kawonke-wonke.
a nqumli iziphawuli; okanye b yima kwiziphawuli.
Unganqumli okanye ume kwiziphawuli ezinjalo.
Kuyo nayiphina indlela kawonke-wonke.
Mpawu yenzelwe ukuba isetyenziswe zizithuthi ezikhethekileyo ezinjalo.
Wakuba qanda umbala wotolo, alukuvumeli ukutshintshwa kwendlela, ngoko ke kufuneka uqhubeke ngecala elikhonjwe lutolo.
Zempahla: Ngaphandle kokuba nasiphi na isithuthi esijika ekhohlo okanye ekunene sinokungena kweso siphambuka sinjalo.
Indlela itrafiki ezayo okanye abahamba ngenyawo.
Ukungangeneli kwisangqa esincinane.
Kwaye ume ukuba kukho imfuneko.
Kuyo nayiphina indlela kawonke-wonke.ekungeneni kwisiphambuka.
Imigca yeziphawuli ezingaphambili.
Ekhuselekileyo kwisango elihlawulelwayo.
Ngomqobo wesantya endleleni.
Thoba isantya siye apho imeko inokusivumela.
Thoba isantya kwaye ujonge abakhweli beebhayisekile. Yima, ukuba kukho imfuneko, ukunika ithuba lokudlula kubakhweli beebhayisekile abanqumla indlela.
Kumgca womqukumbelo wendlela endleleni.
Nawuphina umqukumbelo wendlela.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISEBE LOBUCIKO.txt</fn>
Yintoni uLwazi ngoBugcisa jikelele kuLwimi lwesiNtu (I-HLT)?
ULwazi ngoBugcisa jikelele kuLwimi lweSintu (I-HLT) lwenza babe nako abanolwazi ngobugcisa nabenza ukuba kwenzeke ukuba abantu basebenzisane neekhompyutha ngokusebenzisa ulwimi lomntu kunye nentetho. Olu lwazi ngobugcisa jikelele lusukela kwizinga eliphezulu lendlela yokuguqulwa komatshini benziwa basebenzisa indlela yelizwi lemfundo okanye elorhwebo elinokuthi lisetyenziswe ngabantu abangafundanga, kunye nasekusetyenzisweni kwemfundo kunye noqeqesho kwinkonzo zikawonke wonke ulawulo lokusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha(i-e-governance) kunye nasekusetyenzisweni koshishino wekhomyutha (I-e-commerce).
Ulwazi ngoBugcisa jikelele kuLwimi lweiNtu lwenza unxibelelwano loluntu oluthethwa ngomatshini umzekelo iindlela zolwazi ezisekwe kwiminxeba kunye neendlela zokubhukisha ezisebenzisa oomatshini abazihambelayo (iihotele, ukuthatha uhambo, ithiyatha njalo njalo), ekubeni imisebenzi elula eyayinikezwa yi-HLT, enjengopelo kunye nokutshekitshwa kwemigaqo yentetho, ibisoloko ikhona ixesha elide phantse kuzo zonke iilwimi zesiYurophu.
KuMzantsi Afrika i-HLT iya kulandela umkhondo ngokukhawulezileyo wokusetyenziswa kunye nokuveliswa kweelwimi ezazingathathelwa ngqalelo kwaye inyuse izinga lenkqubo karhulumente lwentetho yeelwimi ezininzi. Iya kwenza kube lula ukunikezelwa kwenkonzo ezingcono njengoko abemi beya kuba nako ukujonga okanye banikezele ngolwazi nangoluphi na ulwimi olusemthethweni.
Kutheni i-SA ifuna ubuchule bokuphatha umcimbi woLwazi ngoBugcisa jikelele kuLwimi loMntu?
Ubuchule bokuphatha umcimbi we-HLT buya kuqinisekisa okokuba wonke amaphulo kunye nenkqubela ye-HLT eMzantsi Afrika alungelelaniswa kuncedo olukhulu lwesizwe.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-HLT xa kukonke, umzekelo, kuxhomekeke kubukho bengqokelela enkulu yolwazi lwezixhobo ezisebenzisa ikhompyutha. Ukuba umvelisi ngamnye kufuneka aqokelele ulwazi ngaphambi kokuba abe nako ukuvelisa ukusetyenziswa , okuthile okusezingeni eliphezulu okunje ngokunakanwa kwentetho kuya kuthatha ixesha ukuphunyezwa. Ubuchule obuchaza ubukho bolwazi obuza kusetyenziswa kwakhona buya kukhawulezisa inkqubela ye-HLT eMzantsi Afrika.
Ubuchule be-HLT buya kwenza kube lula ukumiswa koshishino lwe-HLT oluya kuba luncedo kubemi boMzantsi Afrika kuba I-HLT igunyazisa abantu ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kuMbutho woLwazi ngokuthi yenze kube lula ithuba kulwazi oluninzi.
Inyathelo lokuqala: Ukukhuliswa komfuziselo woMzantsi Afrika we-HLT ngophando olusetyenziswayo kunye nesikhundla sokwakha, ukuveliswa kobutyebi belwimi, ukukhuliswa kokuba nako ukwazi ngobugcisa jikelele kunye nokwenza kube lula ukukhulisa ushishino lwe-HLT e-SA.
Inyathelo lesibini: Ukwakha ubume bomthetho ukuqinisekisa ukufumana ngendlela emisiweyo, ulawulo kunye nolondolozo lobutyebi belwimi olukwiziXhobo ze-Elektroniki.
Inyathelo lesithathu: Ukukhulisa amaziko akhoyo ukulawula ukuphunyezwa ngeLwimi lukaZwelonke olumsulwa kunye namaZiko oButyebi beNtetho, uLwimi lukaZwelonke oluMsulwa olukwiziXhobo ze-Elektroniki kunye nonxibelelwano looVimba beNtetho kwakunye neBhunga loLawulo lwe-HLT.
Oluxwebhu luyafumaneka nangezinye iilwimi ezilishumi ezisemthethweni.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISHEDYULI YOKU-1.txt</fn>
Isikhalazo kufuneka sisonjululwe ngumqeshi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye kufutshane nomba wokuqala kwaso kangangoko.
Umqeshi kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba isikhalazo kusetyenzinzwa ngaso ngendlela efanelekileyo engakhethiyo kwaye engalungiseleli omnye umntu, kunye nokuba imithetho-siseko yendalo yobulungisa iyaqwalaselwa.
Inkqubo kufuneka ukuba ibe ngendlela yokuncedisa kwaye yenze ukuba umsebenzi kunye nomqeshi babe nako ukulungisa ukungeneliseki.
Akukho msebenzi makoyikiswe okanye makuthathelwe isigqibo lingekeviwa icala lakhe. Ngokungqalileyo okanye ngokungangqalanga ngenxa yokufaka isikhalazo.
Ukuba ngaba isenzo soluleko sithathelwa umsebenzi, ukusetyenziswa kwale nkqubo ngumqeshi ukulungisa nawuphi na umcimbi onxulumene nesenzo soluleko asinakumisa inkqubo yoluleko.
Isikhalazo masifakwe ngokubhalwe phantsi kwaye zonke izigqibo ezithathiweyo ngexa lenkqubo kufuneka zibhalwe phantsi.
Umsebenzi kufuneka ancediswe ngummeli.
Ekumiseleni ukubambelela kwimida yamaxesha, oku kufuneka kubalwe ngokukhutshwa kosuku lokuqala kwaye kuqukwe usuku lokugqibela.
Amaqela kufuneka abambelele kwimida yexesha ebekwe kule nkqubo, ngaphandle kokuba bavumelene ngokuhlanganyelana ukuyandisa.
Isikhalazo kufuneka sifakwe kumqeshi kwiintsuku ezingama-90 ukusukela kumhla umsebenzi aye wasiqonda ngawo isenzo esisemthethweni okanye ukutyeshelwa esiye samchaphazela ngokungalunganga.
Umsebenzi unokufuna ukuba isikhalazo sakhe sidluliselwe kwiKomishini kwiintsuku ezili-10 emva kokufumana isigqibo segunya elisebenzayo.
Umqeshi kufuneka anike ulowazi olufunekayo olubalulekileyo olwenza ukuba umsebenzi afake okanye aqhube isikhalazo, ukuba kuceliwe.
Ulungiselelo lolwazi olunjalo luxhomekeke kuyo nayiphi na imida emiselwe ngumthetho.
Umsebenzi kufuneka anikwe ulwazi malunga nobume besikhalazo kunye nenkqubela eyenziweyo ejoliswe kumhla ocetyiweyo wokugqitywa.
Umqeshi kufuneka anike umsebenzi ikopi yefom yezikhalazo emva kokuba kusetyenzwe ngomgangatho wegunya ngalinye lesikhalazo.
Umsebenzi unokufaka isikhalazo ngomsebenzi owonyulelwe ukuba alungelelanise isisombululo sezikhalazo kwisebe.
Ifom emiselweyo ekwiSihlomelo A mayisetyenziswe xa kufakwa isikhalazo.
Umsebenzi owonyuliweyo kufuneka adibane nabantu abafanelekileyo abaziziphathamandla zesebe kwiinzame zokusombulula isikhalazo.
Isikhalazo sinokusonjululwa nguye nabani na kubantu abafanelekileyo abaziziphathamandla abanegunya elifunekayo lokwenza oko.
Umsebenzi ofake isikhalazo uyakwaziswa kwangethuba ngumsebenzi owonyuliweyo malunga nobume kunye nenkqubela eyenziweyo ekusonjululweni kwesikhalazo.
Ukuba ngaba isikhalazo sisonjululwe ngokwanelisa umsebenzi osifakileyo isiqinisekiso ke ngoko siyakwehliselwa ekubhalweni ngumsebenzi owonyuliweyo.
Ukuba ngaba isikhalazo asisombululeki, iziphathamandla eziphetheyo kufuneka zazise umsebenzi ofake isikhalazo.
Isebe (kuqukwa neziphathamandla eziphetheyo) lineentsuku ezingama-30 zokusebenza ngesikhalazo. Ixesha linokolulwa ngokuvumelana ngokuhlanganyeleneyo ngokubhalwe phantsi.
b iziphathamandla eziphetheyo kufuneka ngokwemiqathango yecandelo lama-35 1 lomThetho weeNkonzo zikaRhulumente, 1994, zidlulisele isikhalazo kunye namaxwebhu abalulekileyo kwiKomishini yeeNkonzo zikaRhulumente oko kusenzelwa isincomo kwiintsuku ezintlanu zokwaziswa ngumsebenzi ofake isikhalazo.
Yakube iKomishini ilufumene lonke ulwazi kwiziphatha-mandla ezisebenzayo, kufuneka kwiintsuku ezingama-30 isithathele ingqalelo isikhalazo esinjalo kwaye yazise iziphathamandla eziphetheyo ngezincomo zayo kunye nezizathu ngezigqibo zayo ngokubhalwe phantsi.
Ekufumaneni izincomo zeKomishini, iziphathamandla ezisebenzayo kufuneka, kwiintsuku ezintlanu, zazise umsebenzi kunye neKomishini ngezigqibo zayo ngokubhalwe phantsi.
Ukuba ngaba intloko yesebe ifake isikhalazo, kwesi sehlo a intloko yesebe lesizwe, inokufaka isikhalazo kuMongameli; okanye b intloko yesebe lephondo, inokufaka isikhalazo kwiNkulumbuso efanelekileyo.
uMongameki okanye iNkulumbuso ineentsuku ezingama-30 zokusebenza ngesikhalazo. Eli xesha linokolulwa ngesivumelwano esihlanganyelweyo.
ImiThetho F9 no-F10 iya, kufunda notshintsho olufunwa ngumxholo, kusebenza kuzo zonke izikhalazo zeentloko zamasebe.
Intloko yesebe kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba isisombululo sesikhalazo sihlolwa ngokugcinwa kwerekhodi yenani lezikhalazo ezisonjululiweyo ukusukela ekuqaleni konyaka ngamnye wekhalenda kunye nokwenza ingxelo kwiKomishini ngokweenyanga ezintandathu.
iKomishini kufuneka ukuba yenze ingxelo ngokuphathwa kwezikhalazo kunye nokwanela kwenkqubo yezikhalazo okungenani kanye ngonyaka kwiNdlu yoWiso-mThetho kunye nangokuphathelene nemisebenzi yayo kwiPhondo kwinsdlu yowiso-mthetho yelo phondo.
Xa isikhalazo sifakiwe ngokwemiqathango yale nkqubo, umsebenzi ofake isikhalazo kufuneka aveze ukuba usebenzisa nayiphi na enye inkqubo.
Isikhalazo esifakiwe phambi kokubhengezwa kwemiThetho yeXeshana, phambi komhla woku-1 Julayi 1999, kuyakusetyenzwa kwaye kugqitywe ngayo ngokungathi imiMiselo yeeNkonzo zikaRhulumente ayirhoxiswanga.
Isikhalazo esifakiwe phambi kokubhengezwa kwale miThetho yezikhalazo, makusetyenzwe kwaye kugqitywe ngaso ngokwemiqathango yemiThetho yeXeshana yeziKhalazo ebhengezwe kwiPhepha likaRhulumente (Government Gazette) eliyiNombolo yama-20231 lika-1999.
Umhla wokuqala kwale miThetho, ixhomekeke kwimimiselo yomThetho K, 19 Septemba 2003.
Le fom mayisetyenziselwe ukufaka isikhalazo (kukhutshelwa ngaphandle ukugxothwa okungafanelekanga) xa ungonelisekanga sisenzo okanye ukutyeshelwa kwaye ungakhange ube nako ukuyisombulula ingxaki ngokusebenzisa ingxoxo engekho sikweni.
Kufuneka isikhalazo sakho usifake kwiintsuku ezingama-90 ukusukela kumhla oye wasiqonda ngawo isenzo okanye ukutyeshelwa okukuchaphazele ngokungalunganga.
Unokuncediswa okanye umelwe ngomnye umsebenzi osebenza naye okanye ummeli okanye igosa elivela kwimanyano eyaziwayo.
Kubalulekile ukugcwalisa lonke ulwazi ngokuchanekileyo. Xa kugcwalsiwa le fom, kufuneka inikwe umsebenzi owonyulelwe ukulungelelanisa izikhalazo kwiziko lakho. Isebe liyakuhlomela le fom kungqinelo ngamaxwebhu lwesikhalazo kwaye iyakusetyenziswa kumabakala onke enkqubo yesikhalazo.
Kwibakala ngalinye apho umntu akwisikhundla esibalulekileyo seziphathamandla azama ukusombulula isikhalazo, iqela ngalinye liyakugcwalisa indawo efanelekileyo yefom. Uyakunikwa ithuba lokuphendula kwinqaku ngalinye.
Ekugqityweni kwebakala ngalinye lenkqubo yesikhalazo, isebe liya kukunika ikopi yefom egcwalisiweyo.
Sakube sisonjululwe isikhalazo, akukho mfuneko yokuba uyigcwalise yonke ifom. ICandelo leziBonelelo zabaSebenzi lesebe lakho liyakuyifaka kwifayile ifom. Iyakusetyenziswa ke ngoko ukuxela ingqokelela yamanani kwiKomishini yeeNkonzo zikaRhulumente ngonyaka.
Kufunwa ukuba ugcwalise iNxenye A kunye no-B kule fom kwaye uyinikezele kumsebenzi owonyuliweyo olungiselela izikhalazo kwiziko lakho. Umsebenzi uyakufaka usayino lwakhe kwibloko engaphantsi kwenxenye B yefom ukukhombisa ukuba isikhalazo sifunyenwe. Qinisekisa ukuba ufumana ikopi yale fom apho ukufunyanwa kwesikhalazo sakho kwazisiweyo ukuba sifunyenwe.
INxenye C yefom yesikhalazo iyakugcwaliswa ngumqeshi kunye nawe ngexa lamabakala awohlukeneyo apho iinzame zokusombulula isikhalazo ziyakwenziwa.
Oonobumba bamagama neFani :...
Inombolo yomvuzo :...
Isebe eliqeshileyo :...
Umhla oqonde ngawo isenzo okanye ukutyeshelwa:...
Iinombolo zoqhagamshelwano : iNombolo yomNxeba...
Igama lommeli (ukuba ukhona) :...
Iinombolo zoqhagamshelwano zommeli : iNombolo yomNxeba:...
Igama leManyano (ukuba ikhona) :...
Iinombolo zeManyano : iNombolo yomNxeba:...
Sisombululo sini osicebayo?
ukufunyanwa kwefom yesikhalazo kuyaziswa kunye nekopi enikwe umsebenzi ofake isikhalazo.
Le nxenye yefom yenza ulungiselelo lwamanqanam awohlukeneyo eziphathamandla ukuba zizame ukusombulula ingxabano. Kodwa ke akukho manqanam amiselweyo okusonjululwa kwesikhalazo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko, elinye okanye ngaphezulu ala maphepha angasezantsi kufuneka agcwaliswe.
Ukuba ngaba isikhalazo asinakusonjululwa ukuya kuma kwinqanam lentloko yesebe, kufuneka ukuba singeniswe kwiziphathamandla ezilawulayo (njengokuba iphepha elingasezantsi elibhekiselele ngqo kwiziphathamandla ezilawulayo kufuneka ligcwalisiwe).
Isikhalazo kufuneka sijongwe ngawo onke amanqanam akhona (kuqukwa neziphathamandla ezilawulayo) kwixesha leentsuku ezingama-30, ngaphandle kokuba lolulwe ngesivumelwano kunye nomsebenzi ofake isikhalazo.
iNombolo yomNxeba :...
Ingaba isikhalazo sisonjululwe?
Ingaba isikhalazo sisonjululwe?
Ingaba kukho nayiphi na into ofuna ukuyitsho?
Ingaba isikhalazo sisonjululwe?
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISIHLOMELO 1.txt</fn>
Ingcali enyanga amazinyo, umfundi kunyango lkwezamazinyo, ingcali yococeko lomlomo, umfundi kucoceko lomlomo nomcedisi kwezamazinyo baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ekubhekiselelwe kwimithetho ukusuka kowesi- 2 ukuya kuma- 27. Intsilelo eyenziwe yingcali enyanga amazinyo, ngumfundi kunyango lwezamazinyo, yingcali yococeko lomlomo nangumfundi kucoceko lomlomo baya kuthobela imithetho yokuziphatha edweliswe apha iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
e aliyi kukhupha ingcambu yezinyo nokokuba kungayiphi indlela ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izixhobo zesandla okanye enze usiko kwizihlunu ezithambileyo ngexesha lokukhupha; kwaye f aliyi kwenza okanye lilungise amazinyo enziweyo okanye izixhobo zamazinyo ezibandakanyeka ekuthatheni uluvo.
b liya kunxibelelana kwaye lisebenzisane noogqirha bamazinyo , iingcali zamazinyo, namagcisa abhalisileyo kunganyo lwesigulana; kwaye c Aliyi kuba nomsebenzi wangasese/wabucala ngaphandle kokuba lifezekise iimfuneko zebhodi.
Umncedisi kwezamazinyo uya kwenza kuphela izenzo zobugcisa phantsi kokonganyelwa ligcisa elibhalisileyo kwaye uya kunyina ezo zenzo aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo yakhe noqeqesho lwakhe kumsebenzi wokuncedisa emazinyweni.
Umfundi kunyango lwezamazinyo uya kwenza kuphela izenzo zobugcisa phantsi kokonganyelwa ligcisa elibhalisileyo kwaye uya kunyina ezo zenzo aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo yakhe noqeqesho lwakhe kunyango lwezamazinyo.
Umfundi kucoceko lomlomo uya kwenza kuphela izenzo zobugcisa phantsi kokonganyelwa ngugqirha kwezamazinyo, yingcali eyanga amazinyo, ingcali yococeko lomlomo nelinye igcisa elibhalisileyo kwaye uya kunyina ezo zenzo aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo yakhe noqeqesho lwakhe kucoceko lomlomo lonyango lwezamazinyo.
Incutshe kwisondlo, umanejala wenkonzo zokutya, igcisa lesondlo nomfundi kwinzululwazi ngesondlo baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ebhekiselelwe kumthetho wesi-2 ukuya kowama-27. Intsilelo eyenziwe yincutshe kwisondlo, ngumanejala wenkonzo zokutya, liigcisa lesondlo nangumfundi kwinzululwazi ngesondlo baya kuthobela imithetho yokuziphatha edweliswe apha iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
a iya kuzibophelela kukwenza izenzo zobugcisa kwisifundo sesondlo asifundisiweyo, waze waqeqeshwa wandula wafumana amava; kwaye b aliyi kusilela ukunxibelelana nokusebenzisana namanye amagcisa abalisileyo ekunyangeni isigulana.
Umanejala wenkonzo yokutya uya kuzibophelela ekwenzeni izenzo zobugcisa kwisifundo sokulawula inkonzo yokutya asifundeleyo waze wasiqeqeshelwa nalapho afumene khona amava.
c aliyi kuba nomsebenzi wabucala wokunyanga.
Umfundi kwinzululwazi ngesondlo uya kwenza kuphela izenzo zobugcisa phantsi kokonganyelwa ligcisa kwaye liya kunyina izenzo ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo noqeqesho lwakhe.
Umfundi kulawulo lwenkonzo yokutya uya kwenza kuphela izenzo zobugcisa phantsi kokonganyelwa ligcisa elibhalisileyo kwaye uya kunyina izenzo ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo noqeqesho lwakhe.
Umfundi kwisondlo uya kwenza kuphela izenzo zobugcisa phantsi kokonganyelwa ligcisa elibhalisileyo kwaye uya kunyina izenzo ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo noqeqesho lwakhe.
a akayi kwenza nasiphi isenzo sobugcisa okanye enze nawuphi umsebenzi ophathelele nakwesiphi isenzo ngaphandle kwezenzo ezimiselwe kumthetho wokuziphatha ofanelekileyo okanye isihlomelo saloo mthetho wokuziphatha ovunywe yibhodi; kwaye b ukayi kukugqithisela imfanelo yanyango lwesigulana nakowuphi umntu olungele ngaphantsi kunaye okanye ongenamava ngaphandle kokuba Umncedisi osisiseko wengqwelo yezigulana, umncedisi wenkathalo yoxakeko, umncedisi woxakeko wengqwelo yezigulana, umongi woxakeko wotyando, okanye iparamedikhi, lenza imfanelo epheleleyo yezenzo ezikummandla womsebenzi walo.
Umfundi osisiseko ongumncedisi wengqwelo yezigulana, uya kwenza izenzo zobugcisa phantsi kokonganyelwa ngumncedi wenkathalo yoxakeko obhalisileyo, kuze kwimeko yomfundi umfundi wenkathalo yoxakeko, ngumfundi ongumncedisi woxakeko wenqwelo yezigulana okanye umfundi weparamedikhi benze kuphela phantsi kokonganyelwa ngugqirha okanye yiparamedikhi kwaye baya kunyina oko kwenza ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo noqeqesho lwabo.
Igcisa lezempilo yommandla, umncedisi wezempilo yommandla, umhloli wokutya nomfundi kwezempilo yommandla baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ebhekiselelwe kumthetho wesi-2 ukuya kowama-27. Intsilelo eyenziwe ligcisa lezempilo yommandla, ngumncedisi wezempilo yommandla , ngumhloli wokutya nomfundi kwezempilo yommandla baya kuthobela imithetho yokuziphatha edweliswe apha iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
a liya kuzibophelela ekusebenzeni kumamndla wezempilo yommandla akufundeleyo waze waqeqeshwa; kwaye b aliyi kuba nomsebenzi wabucala ngaphandle kokuba lizalisekise iimfuneko zebhodi.
b liya kuzibophelela ekusebenzeni kumamndla wezempilo yommandla akufundeleyo waze waqeqeshwa; kwaye c akayi kuba nomsebenzi wabucala ngaphandle.
b liya kuzibophelela ekusebenzeni kumamndla wezempilo yommandla akufundeleyo waze waqeqeshwa; kwaye c akayi kuba nomsebenzi wabucala ngaphandleractice.
Umfundi wobugcisa bezonyango, igcisa lezonyango, umfundi osafundayo kubugcisa bobuchwepheshe bonyango, umfundi ofundela ubugcisa bezonyango, baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ebhekiselelwe kumthetho wesi-2 ukuya kowama-27. Intsilelo eyenziwe ngumfundi wobugcisa bbezonyango, ligcisa lezonyango, umfundi osafundayo kubugcisa bezonyango, ngumfundi ofundela ubugcisa bezonyango baya kuthobela imithetho yokuziphatha edweliswe apha iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
i kokufumana amava esidanga esilandela esokuqala iminyaka emibini ubuncinane; kwaye ii afumane kuqala imvume ebhaliweyo evela kwibhodi; kwaye c uya kwenza izenzo zobugcisa kuphela phantsi kwesazinzulu ngamayeza esibhalisileyo kweso sifundo sifanelekileyo okanye ukuba akthobeli ulungiselelo lomhlathi b: Ngaphandle kokuba oku kwalelwa kusebenza kuphela kwizenzo ezishiyiweyo njengoko kumiselwa yibhodi.
b liya kwenza izenzo zobugcisa kuphela phantsi kokonganyelwa ngugqirha okanye ngumfundi wobugcisa bezonyango obhalisileyo kwisifundo esifanelekileyo; kunye c akayi kuba nomsebenzi bucala ngaphandle.
c akayi kuba nomsebenzi wabucala; kwaye d ukuba ugqibile uqeqesho akayi kwenza nasiphi isenzo sobugcisa ngaphandle kokuba wanelise zonke iimfuneko zemfundo zokubhalisa njengomfundi wobugcisa bobugqirha kwaye sele ebhalisiwe.
c uya kunyina izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo noqeqesho kwisifundo semfundo yakhe.
b liya kwenza izenzo zobugcisa kuphela phantsi kokonganyelwa ngugqirha okanye ngumfundi wobugcisa bobugqirha obhalisileyo kwisifundo esifanelekileyo; kunye c akayi kuba nomsebenzi bucala ngaphandle.
Ugqirha , ugqirha kwezamazinyo, incutshe engugqirha, incutshe kagqirha yamazinyo, injineli yobugqirha, igcisa kwezamayeza, umcebisi wezinto ezifunyanwa eselini, isazinzulu esigcisa lobugqirha, ugqirha osafundayo kwinjineli yobugqirha, ugqirha osafundayo kwinzululwazi ngezobugcisa nogqirha osafundayo kwinzululwazi ngamayeza baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ebhekiselelwe kumthetho wesi-2 ukuya kowama-27. Intsilelo eyenziwe ngugqirha , ngugqirha kwezamazinyo, yincutshe engugqirha, yincutshe kagqirha yamazinyo, yinjineli yobugqirha, ligcisa kwezamayeza, ngumcebisi wezinto ezifunyanwa eselini, sazinzulu esiligcisa lobugqirha, ngugqirha osafundayo kwinjineli yobugqirha, ngugqirha osafundayo kwinzululwazi ngezobugcisa nogqirha osafundayo kwinzululwazi ngamayeza baya kuthobela imithetho yokuziphatha edweliswe apha iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
b akayi kusilela ukunxibelelana niokusebenzisana noogqirha, neengcutshe namagcisa empilo ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni isigulana; kwaye c akayi kusayina amaxwebhu asemthethweni njengeengxelo, izatifikhethi, imimiselo ngaphandle kokuba igama lakhe libhalwe ecaleni kosayino lwakhe.
b akayi kusilela ukunxibelelana nokusebenzisana noogqirha, neengcutshe namagcisa empilo ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni isigulana; kwaye c akayi kusayina amaxwebhu asemthethweni njengeengxelo, izatifikhethi, imimiselo ngaphandle kokuba igama lakhe libhalwe ecaleni kosayino lwakhe.
a yincutshe engugqirha okanye incutshe kagqirha yamazinyo aze ugqirha okanye ugqirha kwezamazinyo osebenza njengoko kuchaziwe kumthetho 83, loo ncutshe nogqirha okanye ugqirha kwezamazinyo uya kuhlawulisa umrhumo ofanelekileyo kugqirha okanye kugqirha kwezamazinyo angahlawulisi ezo zisebenza kwincutshe kagqirha okanye kwincutshe kagqirha yamazinyo; kwaye b yincutshe kagqirha okanye incutshe kagqirha yamazinyo kuphela enghlawulisa umrhumo ofanelekileyo kulo.
c isinxaxhi kuphela kwisithintelo esiphathelele kwincutshe yezifo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a siya kuba sesokuba incutshe ngezifo iya kuvunyelwa ukuba yenze umanyano lomsebenzi, ulwahlulelwano okanye umbutho negcisa lobugqirha elibhalise kwisifundo esifanelekileyo kuluvo lokuba la magcisa mabini anxulumene ngokuphathelele kummandla womsebenzi wobugcisa; kwaye d isinxaxhi kuphela kwisithintelo esiphathelele kwiznululwazi ngeX- reyi neminye imitha esetyenziswa ngakumbi ekunyangeni ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi b siya kuba sesokuba inzululwazi ngeX-reyi neminye imitha estyenziswa ngakumbi ekunyangeni iya kuvunyelwa ukwenza umanyano lomsebenzi, ulwahlulelwano okanye umbutho nogqirha wenyukliya okanye nomntu oqeqeshelwe ukuthatha iifoto zeX-reyi obhalisehe kwisifundo esifanelekileyo kuluvo lokuba la magcisa ooqgirha anxulumene ngokuphathelele kwisimo sommandla womsebenzi wobugcisa.
Incutshe kagqirha nencutshe kagqirha kwezamazinyo baya kubambelela kwimithetho enxulumene nobuNcutshe kunye nobuNcutshe obungaphantsi kwezobuGqirha namaZinyo epapashwe phantsi kweSaziso sikaRhulumente No. R. 590 wama- 29 Juni 2001.
b iya kwenza izenzo zobugcisa ezinxulumene ngqo nokunyanga okanye ukuyxilonga isigulana kwinkampani yabucala enogqirha okanye ugqirha kwezamazinyo oxilonga okanye onyanga eso sigulana; kwaye c ayiyi kusayina amaxwebhu asemthethweni afana neengxelo, izatifikhethi okanye imimiselo ngaphandle kokuba igama lakhe libhalwe ecaleni kosayino lwakhe.
e Ukuba ugqibile ukufunda esibhedlele akayi kwenza izenzo zobugcisa ade anelise zonke imfuneko zokufunda zokubhalisa njengogqirha, njengoko sele ebhalisiwe kakade f Akanakusayina amaxhwebhu asemthethweni anjengeengxelo, izatifikhethi okanye imimiselo ngaphandle kokuba igama lakhe libhalwe ecaleni kosayino lwakhe.
e Ukuba ugqibile ukufunda esibhedlele akayi kwenza izenzo zobugcisa ade anelise zonke imfuneko zokufunda zokubhalisa njengogqirha, njengoko sele ebhalisiwe kakade f Akanakusayina amaxhwebhu asemthethweni anjengeengxelo, izatifikhethi okanye imimiselo ngaphandle kokuba igama lakhe libhalwe ecaleni kosayino lwakhe.
Ingcali yokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo, umcedisi wokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo, igcisa lokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo, umfundi wokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo, ingcali kunyango lobugcisa, umfundi kunyango lobugcisa, ingcali ye-othotiki okanye ingcali yeprosthetiki, igcisa lokunyanga izifo zamathambo, umncedisi kwi-othotiki okanye kwiprosthetiki, umsebenzi wofele kunye nomfundi kwi-othotiki okanye kwiprosthetiki baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ebhekiselelwe kwimithetho ukusuka kowesi- 2 ukuya kuma- 27. Intsilelo eyenziwe yingcali Ingcali yokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo, umcedisi wokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo, igcisa lokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo, umfundi wokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo, ingcali kunyango lobugcisa, umfundi kunyango lobugcisa, ingcali ye-othotiki okanye ingcali yeprosthetiki, igcisa lokunyanga izifo zamathambo, umncedisi kwi-othotiki okanye kwiprosthetiki, umsebenzi wofele kunye nomfundi kwi-othotiki okanye iprosthetiki baya kuthobela imithetho yokuziphatha edweliswe apha iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
b iya kunxibelelana ize isebenzisane nogqirha namanye amagcisa ezempilo abahlisileyo ekuxilongeni nagekunyangeni umguli; ize c kumsebenzi wabucala ingaqeshi nawuphi umntu onumncedisi wokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo okanye igcisa lokunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo ingakhange kuqala afumane imvume yebhodi ebhaliweyo: Ngaphandle kokuba oku kwalelwa akuyi kusebenza kwimeko yengqesho esisigxina okanye esisingxungxu kwinkonzo yoluntu.
c akayi kwamkela ingqesho ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yibhodi: Ngaphandle kokuba ukwalelwa akuyi kusebenza kwingqesho esisigxina okanye esisingxungxu kwinkonzo yoluntu; kwaye d akayi kuba nomsebenzi wabucala.
c akayi kwamkela ingqesho ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yibhodi: Ngaphandle kokuba ukwalelwa akuyi kusebenza kwingqesho esisigxina okanye esisingxungxu kwinkonzo yoluntu; kwaye d akayi kuba nomsebenzi wabucala.
b iya kunyina izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo noqeqesho lwakhe kukunyanga umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi awufaneleyo c aliyi kusilela ukunxibelelana nokusebenzisana, apho kufanelekileyo nogqirha namanye amagcisa ezempilo abhalisileyo ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni umguli; lize d aliayi kwamkela ingqesho ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yibhodi: Ngaphandle kokuba ukwalelwa akuyi kusebenza kwingqesho esisigxina okanye esisingxungxu kwinkonzo yoluntu; kwaye.
a uya kwenza izenzo zobugcisa kuphela phantsi kokonganyelwa yingcali yokunyanga ubugcisa ; aze b anyinwe izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo noqeqesho lwakhe kukunyanga ubugcisa.
d akayi kunyanga ngokunxulumene okanye ngengcebiso okanye ngoncedo lokulungiselela okanye ngenjongo yokwenza, yokulungisa, yokunika, okanye yokulunga okanye yokulungisa amalungu enziweyo okanye ezinye izixhobo ezifanayo zokunceda nokokuba zezenzuzo apho ezo zixhobo zinikiweyo zinikwe kumguli ngumntu ongengogqirha we-othotiki okanye weprosthetiki.
c uya kunyina izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo noqeqesho lwakhe kwisifundo sakhe semfundo.
b uya kunyina izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo noqeqesho lwakhe kwi-othotiki okanye kwiprosthetiki.
Ingcali yenzululwazi yokunyanga amehlo, umfundi kwinzululwazi yonyango lwamehlo, ugqirha wamehlo okhupha amayeza nomfundi kubugqirha bamehlo obukhupha amayeza baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ekubhekiselelwe kwimithetho ukusuka kowesi- 2 ukuya kuma- 27. Intsilelo eyenziwe yingcali kwinzululwazi yokunyanga amehlo, ngumfundi kunyango lwamehlo, ngugqirha wamehlo okhupha amayeza nangumfundi kubugqirha bamehlo obukhupha amayeza baya kuthobela imithetho yokuziphatha edweliswe apha iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
Ingcali yenzululwazi yokunyanga amehlo a iya kunika kuphela iinkonzo zokunyanga amehlo kuqukwa nokumiselwa kwezibonisi, izilanga ezinxitywa elisweni endaweni yezipeksi nezincedi ezibonwayo okanye izixhobo. Apho isifo sesixokelelwano sokubonwayo siboniwe okanye sikrokrelwa okanye apho umguli angenakho ukubona ngokuqhelekileyo okanye umbonakude ngoncedo loncedo lwezilanga ezichanekileyo okanye ngezinye iindlela zezilungiso ingcali iya kusebenzisana nogcisa lezempilo elifumene imfundo noqeqesho olwaneleyo oluvunywe yibhodi kule njongo; kwaye b iya kunyanga umguli kuphela esebenzisa into eseshedyuliweyo ngokomThetho weZinto eziNxulumeneyo namaYeza, , 1965 umThetho No. 101 wowe-1965.
b elo gama okanye ukusetyenziswa alilahlekisi ngokungafanelekanga okanye alikhohlisi kwaye ligcine umfanekiso wobugcisa okanye linika isidima kubugcisa kwaye elo gama lomsebenzi alibangi ubukhulu begngcali ebhalisileyo c amagama oogqirha abanemfanelo aboniswa kunye okanye ecaleni kwegama lomsebenzi.
a uya kwenza izenzo zobugcisa kuphela phantsi kokonganyelwa yingcali kwinzululwazi yonyango lwamehlo okanye ngugqirha ; kwaye b uya kunyina izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo yakhe noqeqesho kwinzululwazi yonyango lwamehlo.
Ugqirha okhupha amayeza akasayi kukhupha zibonisi nangayiphi indlela ezikhuphula nawuphi umntu ngaphandle kokumiselwa okubhaliweyo kwaze kwasayinwa ngugqirha okanye ingcali yenzululwazi yokunyanga amehlo: Ngaphandle kokuba lo mthetho awusebenzi kukulungiwswa nokutshintshwa kwezo zipeksi, okanye izilanga okanye izakhelo zezo zipeksi.
c uya kwenza izenzo zobugcisa kuphela phantsi kokonganyelwa ngugqirha okhupha amayeza yingcali kwinzululwazi yonyango lwamehlo okanye ngugqirha ; kwaye d uya kunyina izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo yakhe noqeqesho kukukhupha amayeza.
Ingcali enyanga umzimba ngokuthambisa, umncedisi wokunyanga umzimba ngokuthambisa, umfundi kunyango lomzimba ngokuthambisa, ingcali yephodiyatri, umfundi kwiphodiyatri, ingcali kwibhayokhinetiki, umfundi kwibhayokhinetiki baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ekubhekiselelwe kwimithetho ukusuka kowesi- 2 ukuya kuma- 27. Intsilelo eyenziwe yingcali enyanga umzimba ngokuthambisa, ngumncedisi wokunyanga umzimba ngokuthambisa, ngumfundi kunyango lomzimba ngokuthambisa, yingcali yephodiyatri, ngumfundi kwiphodiyatri, yingcali kwibhayokhinetiki, ngumfundi kwibhayokhinetiki baya kuthobela imithetho yokuziphatha edweliswe apha iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
c iya kuthumela umguli kugqirha xa iingxaki zomguli nezidingozingaphaya kukunyangwa komzimba ngokuthambisa; lize d ayiyi kwamkela ingqesho ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yibhodi: Ngaphandle kokuba ukwalelwa akuyi kusebenza kwingqesho esisigxina okanye esisingxungxu kwinkonzo yoluntu.
Igcisa lokunyanga umzimba ngokuthambisa aliyi kwamkela ingqesho ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yibhodi: Ngaphandle kokuba ukwalelwa akuyi kusebenza kwingqesho esisigxina okanye esisingxungxu kwinkonzo yoluntu.
b uya kunyina izezno ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo yakhe noqeqesho kukunyanga umzimba ngokuthamba.
c iya kwenza izenzo zobugcisa ezifuna amayeza okubulala ukuva intlungu kuphela ngokusebenzisana nogqirha.
b uya kunyina izezno ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo yakhe noqeqesho kwiphodiyatri.
c iya kuthumela umguli kugqirha xa iingxaki zomguli nezidingo ezingaphaya kwebhayokhinetiki.
b uya kunyina izezno ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene ngqo nemfundo yakhe noqeqesho kwibhayokhinetiki.
Incutshe yokwenza iifoto zeX-reyi, umncedisi wokwenza iifoto zeX-reyi, igcisa laslebhu yokusasaza imitha, umfundi kubugcisa belebhu yokusasaza imitha, umntu onesidanga kubugcisa basesibhedlele okanye igcisa kubugcisa basesibhedlele (obhalise phambi komhla woku-1 ku-Epreli 2002) igcisa kubugcisa basesibhedlele (elibhalise emva kwama-31 kuMatshi 2002), umncedisi kubugcisa basesibhedlele, umfundi kwinzululwazi ye-elektro yokukrala kobuchopho, umfundi kubugcisa basesibhedlele nomfundi kwinzululwazi ye-elektro yokurala kobuchopho baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ebhekiselelwe kumthetho wesi-2 ukuya kowama-27.
d kumsebenzi walo aliyi kudlula kwimida yodidi okanye iindidi abhaliselwe zona.
c uya kwenza izenzo zobuchule kuphela kwintsebenziswano negcisa elibhalisileyo elivunywe yibhodi okanye incutshe.
d aliyi kusilela ukunxibelelana nokusebenzisana, apho kufanelekileyo nogqirha namanye amagcisa ezempilo abhalisileyo ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni umguli.
d akayi kusilela ukunxibelelana nokusebenzisana, apho kufanelekileyo nogqirha namanye amagcisa ezempilo abhalisileyo ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni umguli.
d akayi kusilela ukunxibelelana nokusebenzisana, apho kufanelekileyo nogqirha namanye amagcisa ezempilo abhalisileyo ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni umguli.
b liya kunyinwa izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a lize lenze ngokunxulumene nemfundo yalo noqeqesho kubugcisa basesibhedlele.
b liya kunyinwa izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a lize lenze ngokunxulumene nemfundo yalo noqeqesho kubugcisa be-elektro yokukrala kobuchopho.
Ingcali enyanga ukuthetha, ingcali enyanga ukuva, igcisa elinyanga ukuva, umncedi wezixhobo zokuva, umlungisi wokuthetha nokuva, umsebenzi woluntu wokuva nokuthetha, umncedisi wokuva nokuthetha baya kubambelela kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho yokuziphatha ekubhekiselelwe kwimithetho ukusuka kowesi- 2 ukuya kuma- 27. Intsilelo eyenziwe yingcali enyanga ukuthetha, yingcali enyanga ukuva, ligcisa elinyanga ukuva, ngumncedi wezixhobo zokuva, umlungisi wokuthetha nokuva, umsebenzi woluntu wokuva nokuthetha, ngumncedisi wokuva nokuthetha, baya kuthobela imithetho yokuziphatha edweliswe apha iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokweSahluko IV somThetho.
c liya kuthumela kwigcisa okanye kubugcisa bemfundo xa iingxaki zomguli nezidingo zingaphaya kommandla wokunyangwa kolwimi-ntetho okanye ukuva.
ngemvume ebhaliweyo kuqala yibhodi ngokuyalelwa nokonganyelwa ngugqirha namanye amagcisa avunywe yibhodi.
b uya kuthumela kwigcisa xa iingxaki zomguli nezidingo zingaphaya kommandla womncedi wezixhobo zokuva.
b uya kunyina izenzo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathi a aze enze ngokunxulumene nemfundo noqeqesho lwakhe kobo bugcisa bubandakanyekayo.
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Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo kufuneka libambelele kule mithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo ukongeza kwimithetho ebhekiselele kwimithetho yesi-2 ukuya kuma-27. Intsilelo yokungathobeli imithetho yokuziphatha kwelo ligcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo iya kumisela isenzo okanye ukungenzi apho ibhodi iya kuthatha amanyathelo olwaluleko ngokuphathelele kwiSahluko IV somThetho.
ummiselo kuthetha imithetho.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuvelisa, liya kugcina lize likhuthaze imigangatho ephakamileyo yobuchule bomsebenzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba abaxumi bakhuselwe kwimisebenzi yobuchule engafikeleliyo kwimigangatho yezenzo engcono yezizwe ngezizwe neyesizwe.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kumela izenzo zomsebenzi kuyo yonke imimandla yobomi bomsebenzi walo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kunyina imisebenzi yalo kwimimandla ekwimida yobuchule balo obusekelwe kwimfundo yalo esesikweni, kuqeqesho, kumava okongamela kunye/okanye amava obuchule afanelekileyo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi walo usekelwe kulwazi lobuchule nolwenzululwazi lommandla wenzululwazi ngengqondo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kugcina ubuchule bamaxesha anamhlanje ngophuhliso lobuchule obuzingileyo ngokucebisana kunye/okanye ngezinye iinkqubo ezihambisana nemigangatho yangoku yolwazi lwenzululwazi okanye lobuchule.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liphuhlisa ubuchule kwinkonzo yenzululwazi ngengqondo okanye ubuchule obutsha kuye okanye obutsha kumsebenzi liya kuzibandakanya kukucebisana namanye amagcisa enzululwazi ngengqondo okanye eminye imisebenzi efanelekileyo kwaye liya kufuna lize lifumane uqeqesho nemfundo efanelekile kuloo mmamdla mtsha.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuxelela umxumi ngesimo esitsha esingeniswayo nangeengozi ezaziwayo ezinxulumene neenkonzo ezintsha zenzululwazi ngengqondo okanye ubugcisa ukuze umxumi abe nenkululeko yokukhetha kwezo nkonzo okanye ukwenziwa kobugcisa.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lingacelwa ngexesha likaxakeka ukuba linikezele ngeenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo elingazange lafumana buchule bufanelekileyo kuzo, lize linike ezo nkozo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umxumi akakhange alelwe iinkonzo.
b liya kubonisela kwimiqondiso lize lifumane uncedo lobuchule olufanelekileyo kwangethuba ukuthintela ukwenza okonakalisayo kwaye c ukuba liziqaphele iimeko zalo ezinokuphazamisa ukwenza kwalo imisebenzi yobuchule ngokwaneleyo liya kuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo afana nokucebisana nokufumana uncedo lwegcisa ngokumiselwa yikomiti yezempilo ukumisela ukuba linyine , limise okanye liphelise imisebenzi yalo lobuchule.
b okugunyazisa kuphela ezo mfanelo loo mntu ekulindelwe ukuba azenze ngokusekelwe kwimfundo yakhe, kuqeqesho nakumava; kwaye c okuqinisekisa ukuba loo mntu wenza ezo nkonzo ngobuchule.
Xa kucaca ukuba umxumi akanabuciko kulwimi lwegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo igcisa liya kucebisa umxumi ukuba kusetyenziswe kwetoliki.
Itoliki ebandakanywe ligcisa ngokomthethwana 1 iya kuba nobuciko kwiilwimi ezimbini ubuncinane ize ibe nobuchule ngakumbi kulwimi olukhethwe ngumxumi.
a Itoliki ayinabudlelwane buninzi nomxumi obandakanyekayo obunokukhokelela kukuzisebenzisela okanye ukulahleka kokwenza okungaqhutywa luluvo kwaye b Itoliki yenza imisebenzi yokutolika ngobuchule.
Kwimisebenzi yalo yobuchule igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuhlonipha isidima nokuxabiseka komxumi lize lizame ukukhusela amalungelo asisisseko omxumi.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuhlonipha ilungelo lomxumi lokugcina ukuxabiseka, izimvo/iimbono , iinkolo neengcamango ezahlukileyo kwezalo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kunakana ilungelo loluntu elingenakususwa lomxumi kumzimba nakubulungisa benzululwazi ngengqondo, ukuquka ukhuseleko nolawulo lomzimba wakhe nomntu kunye namalungelo omxumi kungaxhomekekanga nakweyiphi inkqubo okanye umfuniselo ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe ngokubhekiselele kumthetho we-11 kwaye loo mthetho uya kusebenza kwaye unikwe ngolwimi eliqondwa lula ngumxumi.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo aliyi kumnyanzela umxumi ukuba avume ukunikwa iinkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo okanye limnyanzele umxumi ukuba anike ubungqina bokuzibeka ityala ngokusebenzisa ubuchule benzilulwazi ngengqondo okanye ngenye indlela.
Xa igcisa ngenzululwazi ngengqondo lisenza uphando okanye ukunika uhlolo, ukunyanga izifo zengqondo ngaphandle kwamayeza okanye ukucebisa okanye iinkonzo zokucebisana ekho umntu okanye ukucebisana okuhamba ngombane okanye ezinye iindlela zonxibelelwano liya kufumana imvume eyazisayo yomxumi lowo kusetyenziswa ulwimi olugqondwa ngokufanelekileyo ngumxumi lowo.
liya kucingela iinketho zalo mxumi kunye nemidla yomxumi engcono, kwaye iv liya kufumana imvume efanelekileyo kumntu ogunyaziswe ngokwasemthethweni ukuba anike imvume ukuba imvume yaloo bambela ivunyelwe okanye ifunwa ngumthetho kwaye igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuthatha onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukhusela amalungelo nentlalo-ntle yomxumi.
a kuxelela umntu lowo ubandakanyekayo ngesimo seenkonzo ezilindelweyo phambi kweenkqubo ukuquka okokuba iinkonzo ziyalelwe okanye kukho okulindelweyo kwiimfuneko zemfihlo; kwaye b uxwebhu olufanelekileyo , imvume ngomlomo, okanye ukuvuma.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kunika umxumi umsebenzi, umthabathi-nxaxheba kuphando, umonganyelwa , umfundi, umqeqeshwa nokokuba ngubani omnye umntu onegunya lokuziphatha okunengcinga esoloko isetyenziswa, iinqobo ezisemgangathweni, iindima ezinxulumene nobudala, inkolelo, ukuzala, isazela, ibalai nkcubeko, ukukhubazeka, isifo, imvelaphi yobuhlanga okanye yentlalo, isini, ulwimi, isimo somtshato, ukukhulelwa, uhlanga, inkolo, ukuziqhelanisa ngokwesini, isimo soqoqosho-ntlalo okanye nayiphi imeko ethintelwa ngumthetho.
Igcisa lenzululwazi alisayi kucalula ngokungenabulungisa kusekelwe kubudala, , kwinkolelo, kukuzala, kwisazela, kwibala, kwinkcubeko, kukukhubazeka, kwisifo, kwimvelaphi yobuhlanga okanye yentlalo, kwisini, kulwimi, kwisimo somtshato, kukukhulelwa, kuhlanga, kwinkolo, kukuziqhelanisa ngokwesini, kwisimo soqoqoshp-ntlalo okanye nayiphi imeko ethintelwa ngumthetho.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kwenza zonke iinzame zokuqinisekisa iinkonzo ezifanele ulwimi, ezifanele inkcubeko ziyafunyanwa ngumxumi kwaye imigangatho eyamkelekileyo yobuchule bolwimi iyafezekiswa ekunikezelweni kweenkonzo kumxumi onolwimi lwakhe lokuqala elahlukil;yo kwelegcisa ngenzilulwazi ngengqondo.
Ingcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kuba natyala lokuhlupha ngokwesini.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kuziphatha ngendlela ehlupha okanye ukuthoba abantu asebenzisana nalo emsebenzini walo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko ezifana nobudala bomntu, kwinkolelo, kukuzala, kwisazela, kwibala kwinkcubeko, kukukhubazeka, kwisifo, kwimvelaphi yobuhlanga okanye yentlalo, kwisini, kulwimi, kwisimo somtshato, kukukhulelwa, kuhlanga, kwinkolo, kukuziqhelanisa ngokwesini, okanye kisimo soqoqosho-ntlalo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuthatha onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuphepha ukwenzakalisa umxumi, umqeshi, umthabathi-nxaxheba kuphando, umfundi, umonganyelwa, umqeqeshwa okanye abanye abantu elisebenza nabo ukuquka ukwenzakalisa ukuphatha kakubi ngokukhetha , ukuhlupha okanye unyanzeliso.
a lonakalise ukuqhutywa kwalo luluvo, ubuchule, okuba nentsingiselo ekwenzeni imisebenzi yalo; okanye b lityhilele umxumi obandakanyekayo kwingozi okanye kukusetyenziselwa.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo livuma ukunika inkonzo yenzululwazi ngengqondo kumxumi ngesicelo somntu wesithathu igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kucacisa kwangoko kuloo nkonzo isimo solwalamano seqela ngalinye elibandanyekayo (okokuba ngulowo nalowo okanye imibutho).
Ingcaciso ibhekiselele kumthethwana 1 oya kuqulatha indima yegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ingcali yokunyanga, umcebisi, umxilongi wezifo, ingqina eliligcisa yokusetyenziswa kwenkonzo yenzululwazi ngengqondo enikiweyo okanye ulwazi olufunyenweyo kunye nokuba kungakho izinxaxhi kwiimfuneko zemfihlo.
Ukuba kukho ingozi ezibonwe ngex' elingaphambili zokubizwa kwegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ukuza kuzalisekisa iindima eziphikisanayo ngenxa yokubandakanyeka komntu wesithathu igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kucacisa isimo okanye iimfanelo zalo, ukuxelela onke amaqela ngokufanelekileyo njengoko imicimbi ivela nokusombulula imeko ngokwale mithetho.
b linobudlelwane nomntu okanye nombutho onxulumene ngokusondeleyo okanye lizalana nomntu okanye umbutho elinolwalamano lomsebenzi nawo; okanye c lithembisa ukungena kobunye ubudlelwane nomntu lowo okanye umbutho okanye umntu okanye umbutho onxulumene ngokusondeleyo okanye liyazalana nomntu okanye umbutho.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuyeka ukungena kulwalamano oluninzi ukuba ulwalamano oluninzi lungalindeleka ukuba lonakalise ukungaqhutywa luluvo kwegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo, ubuchule balo, ukwenza ngokufanelekileyo okanye imisebenzi yalo njengegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo okanye oko kungabangela ingozi yokusetyenziselwa okanye ukwenzakalisa umntu okanye umbutho apho kunokubakho ulwalamano lomsebenzi.
Ukuba igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lifumanisa ukuba kungakho ubudlelwane obuninzi obunengonzi ebebungabonwanga liya kuzama ukusombulula ingxaki kweyona midla ingcono yomxumi obandakanyekayo nokuthobela okukhulu kule mithetho.
Kwiimeko ezibhekiselele kumthethwana 3 igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuncedisa umxumi ukuba afumane iinkonzo zelinye igcisa lize lingangeni nakuluphi unxulumano naloo mxumi kude kuphele iinyanga ezingamashumi amane ubuncinane emva kokuphela koloo lwalamano luninzi: ngaphandle kokuba umxumi uchukumisekile okanye unokwenzakala ngokucingayo okukuphenjelelwa lelo ligcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo kwaye olo lwalamano alusayi kumiselwa phakathi komxumi negcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lifunwa ngumthetho, ngumgaqo weziko okanye zezinye iimeko ukuzalisekisa iindima ezingaphezulu kwesinye kwiinkqubo zobulungisa okanye zolawulo liya kucacisa indima yokulindelweyo kwangoko kunye nakuphi ukulindelwa kwiimfuneko zemfihlo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kuzisebenzisela umntu elimongamelayo, elimvavanyayo okanye elinye igunya elifana nomxumi, umqeshi, umthathi-nxaxheba kuphando, umfundi , omonganyelwa okanye umqeqeshwa.
a kusebenzisana namanye amagcisa ngokuvunywa yibhodi ukuze lincede umxumi walo kakuhle nangokufanelekileyo; lize b licwangcise ukucebisana okufanelekileyo kunye nokuthunyelwa ngokusekelwe kwimidla engcono yomxumi walo ngokwaloo mvume nezinye iingcinga ezifanelekileyo, kodwa zifaneleke zinjalo zingaquka imfanelo lelo yomthetho neyesivumelwano.
a liya kwenza ulungiselelo olufanelekileyo nelinye igcisa ukuba lisebenze ngeemfuno zomxumi kwisehlo sexesha likaxakeka ngamaxesha ebenokubonwa ngex' elingaphambili apho igcisa lingazukubakho; lize b liya kwenza inzame efanelekileyo yokuyila ukuqhubekeka kwenkonzo ukuba loo nkonzo iphazanyiswe zimeko ezifana nokugula kwalo, ukufa, ukungafumaneki okanye ukumiswa kwenye indawo okanye ukumiswa komxumi kwenye indawo okanye ukunyinwa kwemali.
d abantu abaya kufikelela kolo lwazi luchazwe kumhlathi c; kunye e izinxaxhi kwiimfuneko zemfihlo.
Kangangoko kunokwenzeka igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kunika abantu abafanekileyoo kulwazi iziphumo nezigqibo zenkonzo yenzululwazi ngengqondo ebandakanyekayo kwaye ukuba umthetho okanye imithetho yombutho ayilivumeli igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ukuba linike abo bantu okanye iqela ulwazi, igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuxelela kwangoko abo bantu okanye amaqela abandakanyekayo inkonzo yenzululwazi ngengqondo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kugunyazisa iimfanelo zomsebenzi kuwo nawuphi umntu ongafanelekanga ukuba enze ezo mfanelo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lingagunyazisa iimfanelo zomsebenzi kuphela kumonganyelwa okumgangatho ofanelekileyo ukuba loo monganyelwa angalindeleka ngokufanelekileyo ukuba enze ngobuchule kwaye ngokusesikweni kusekelwe kwimfundo, kuqeqesho nakumava wakhe.
Ukuze umonganyelwa enze iimfanelo ngokokuchazwa ngumthethwana 2, kufuneka abe nemfundo noqeqesho oliqinisekiswe yibhodi ukuquka noqeqesho kwimibandela esesikweni.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuba nemfanelo yokumisela ubuchule bukamonganyelwa kwaye alisayi kunika loo monganyelwa okanye alisayi kumvumela ukuba enze iimfanelo ezingaphaya kommandla woqeqesho lwakhe kunye/okanye ubuchule.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuba nemfanelo yokunika umonganyelwa imiyalelo eyodwa ephathelele kwimida yendima yakhe njengomonganyelwa.
Umonganyelwa uya kuxelela ngokupheleleyo umxumi ofumana iinkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo yewonga lakhe lobumonganyelwa kunye nelungelo lomxumi lokuxoxa negcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elongameleyo malunga nayo nayiphi ingqiqo yeenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo ezenziwayo.
b lenze uxilongo ngokwalo xa uxilongo lufuneka, lize c livume ngokwalo uyilo lonyango lomxumi ngamnye.
Kwisimo esilungelelanisiweyo nesizingileyo igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kudibana nomonganyelwa obandakanyeka kumxumi ngamnye lize lihlole irekhodi lonyango ukuquka amanqaku enkqubela- phambili kwisimo esulungelelanisiweyo esifanele umsebenzi owenziwayo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lingaluxela ulwazi oluyimfihlo kubantu abenemvume eyazisayo nebhaliweyo kuphela yomxumi obandakanyekayo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lifanele ukuba lixoxe nabantu kunye nemibutho amisela kuyo/kubo ulwalamano lomsebenzi/lwenzululwazi (ukuquka okunokuthi kwenzeka xa umntu engenakukwazi ngokomthetho ukunika ulwazi olwazisayo kunye nabameli babo abasemthethweni) ngezinxaxhi kwimfuneko yemfihlo, ukuquka nasiphi isinxaxhi kwezo ezinokusebenza kwiqela, kukunyangwa kosapho okanye ukutshata okanye ukucebisana kombutho kunye nokusetyenziswa okunokubonwa ngenx' engaphambili lolwazi olufunyenweyo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuxoxa ngemfihlelo yolwalamano kwangoko nasemva kwangoko ukuba ngba iimeko zifuna ukuxoxwa kwalo ngaphandle kokuba kuyaphikisana oko.
Phambi kokwenza oko igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kufumana imvume kumxumi obandakanyekayo yokurekhodisha udliwano-ndlebe ngokombane okanye liya kuxelela umxumi ngengozi yokwaphulwa kwemfihlo okanye imfihlelo efunyenwe kukurekhodishwa ngombane okanye ukugqithiswa kolwazi.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuqinisekisa ukuba imfihlo nemfihlelo zigciniwe xa kubandakanywe umbane kwaye liya kuxelela umxumi ngamanyathelo athathiweyo wokugcina imfihlelo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kulufihla ulwazi kumxumi onelungelo kolo lwazi, ngaphandle kokuba aliaphuli lungelo lwemfihlelo laye nawuphi omnye umntu nangaphandle kokuba ulwazi oluceliweyo lufunelwa ukusebenzisa okanye ukukhusela naliphi ilungelo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lingaxela kuphela ulwazi olubonwa njengolufanelekileyo kwinjongo yonxibelelwano olwenziwe nakweyiphi ingxelo ebhaliweyo, yomlomo okanye ukucebisana nomntu wesithathu kwaye lingaxoxa ngolwazi olufunyenweyo oluyimfihlo kumsebenzi walo kuphela kwiinjongo zenzululwazi okanye zomsebenzi kwaye kwakho kubantu kuphela abasemthethweni kuloo mibandela.
d ukukhusela umxumi okanye abantu kwingozi; kunye e nokufumana intlawulo yenkonzo yobugcisa apho ukuxelwa kunyinwe kubuncinane ubufunekayo bokuzalisekisa loo njongo.
Xa lifunwa ukuba lenze njalo ngumthetho okanye yinkundla igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuxela ulwazi oluyimfihlelo ngokokufunwa kwalo.
Xa abaxumi bengaphezulu kwesinye abanikwa inkonzo yenzululwazi ngengqondo ngexesha elihlangeneyo (umzekelo usapho okanye abatshati okanye umzali nomtwana , okanye abaphikisi bomsebenzi okanye iqela) igcisa lenzululwazi lengqondo liya kucacisela onke amaqela indlela apho imfihlo iya kubaphathwa ngayo phambi kokuba liqalise ngenkonzo yobugcisa.
Bonke abaxumi ekubhekiselelwe kubo kumthethwana 1 baya kunikwa ithuba lokuxoxa negcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ukuba loluphi ulwazi oluya kuhlala luyimfihlo kwaye loluphi ulwazi ekufuneka luxeliwe ligcisa ngenzululwazi ngengqondo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kugcina engqondweni yalo ukuba imidla yabantwana enxulumene nokuziphatha ngokwenzululwazi ngengqondo kwalo mntwana ibaluleke kakhulu ekunikweni kweenkonzo zobugcisa.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo kufuneka linenkathalo eyodwa xa lisebenza nabantwana abaneminyaka eli-14 nangaphantsi.
Ekuqaleni kwenkonzo yobugcisa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuxelela umntwana okanye umxumi onomomdli ngokwasemthethweni okanye oxhomekeke ngokwasemthethweni ngemida yomthetho ebekwe kwilungelo lemfihlo yomntwana okanye lomxumi ngokuphathelele kunxibelelwano lwakhe negcisa lenzululwazi ngengqomdo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kukhupha ulwazi oluyimfihlo xa liyalelwe ukwenza oko yinkundla okanye xa lifuneka lenze oko ngumthetho okanye ligunyaziswe ukuba lenze oko ngokubhala ngumxumi obandakanyekayo okanye ngumondli oasemthethweni okanye ngumxumi omncinane.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kunika ingxelo yako nakuphi ukuphathwa kakubi komntwana okanye umntu omdala onokwenzakala ngokuphathelele nakowuphi umthetho ofanelekileyo okanye ngokwemfanelo yalo yobugcisa.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo linika iinkonzo zpbugcisa njengenxalenye yeqela okanye xa lisebenzisana namanye amagcisa ngokuphathelele kwintlalo-mntle yomxumi igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kwabelana ngolwazi oluyimfihlo namanye amalungu eqela lamagcisa: Ngaphandle kokuba elo gcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lithathe onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abantu abafumana olo lwazi bayaxelelwa ngesimo salo semfihlelo kwaye babotshelelwa ngumthetho wemfihlelo yobugcisa.
i lifumene imvume yomxumi kuqala, yomthathi-nxaxheba kuphando, yomntu okanye yombutho obandakanyekayo; okanye ii ukuxelwa akunakuphetshwa; okanye b lingaxela ulwazi kuphela xa luyimfuneko yokuzalisekisa iinjongo zokucebisana.
b loo mxumi, mbutho, mthathi-nxaxheba kuphando, monganyelwa , mfundi okanye omnye umamkeli uvumile koko kuxelwa ngokubhala; okanye c kukho olunye ugunyaziso olusesikweni okanye olusemthethweni lokuba kwenziwe njalo.
e liquuquzelele ungenelelo lobugcisa obulandelayo okanye umbuzo okanye f liqinisekise ukuthobela onke amalungiselelo omthetho afunekayo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kugcina imfihlo ekuyileni, ekugcineni, ekufikeleleni, ekugqithiseni nasekugqibeni iirekhodi eziphantsi kolawulo lalo nokoba ezi zigcinwe ngokubhala, ngokufakwa koomatshini okanye ngenye indlela.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kusebenzisa ukukhowuda okanye ubunye ubuchule ukuphepha ukuqukwa kweempawu zokuchonga umntu ukuba ulwazi oluyimfihlo oluphathelele kubasebenzisi beenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo zingeniswe kwindawo yokugcina ulwazi okanye isixokelelwano serekhodi sifumaneka kubantu ekungafunekanga bafikelele kulo bengavunyelwanga ngumsebenzisi.
Kulungiselelo lomthetho wama- 36, igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo nomxumi okanye omnye umsebenzsis weenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo benokuthetha-thethana ngomrhumo kwangoko kuluwalamano lobugcisa okanye lwenzululwazi.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kuzisebenzisela abasebenzisi beenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo okanye abahlawuli ngokuphathelele kumrhumo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi alisayi kuqwetha imirhumo yalo okanye i-akhawunti yeenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo ezinikwe ngokungaphelelanga okanye ezingakhange zinikwe kwa ukunikwa.
Ukuba ukunyinwa kulungiselelo lweenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo kuqikelelwe ngenxa yokunyinwa kwemali igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuxoxa olo nywino nomxumi okanye nomnye umsebenzisi weenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo obandakanyekayo kwangethuba ukuba kunokwenzeka.
Ukuba umxumi akahlawuli iinkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo ebekuvunyelwene ngazo nengcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondokwaye igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo linqwenela ukusebenzisa umenzeli okanye ukuthatha amanyathelo omthetho ukuba kuqokelelwe umrhumo ongekahlawulwa liya kuqala lixelele umxumi ngaloo manyathelo aya kuthathwa kwaye linike umxumi ithuba lokwenza intlawulo ekhawulezileyo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kusebenzisa kuphela umenzeli wokuqokelela obekekileyo kwaye obhalisileyo ngokuphathelele kumThetho wokuQokelela amaTyala, 1998 Umthetho No. 114 we-1998, kwaye alinakufaka umsebenzi wenzululwazi ngengqondo kwihlazo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kufihla ulwazi, iingxelo okanye iirekhodi eziphantsi kolawulo lwalo olufunelwa ukunyanga umxumi obandakanyekayo okanye nasiphi isenzo senkundla ngenxa yokungahlawulwa.
Igcisa liya kungenisa amabango e-akhawunti kwingxowa-mali yesithathu ochaza ngokucacileyo igama lomntu onike iinkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lisongamela elinye igcisa ukuquka umfundi osafundayo, umcebisi obhalisileyo, i -psychometrist, igcisa lesicho okanye umfundi onike kuqala iinkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo uluhlu lwemali okanye/kunye nendlela yokubuyekezwa iya kuqulathwa ngumsayino wegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo njengomonganyelwa kunye nokusayina kwelinye igcisa njengombonelelo wenkonzo. Kusenokungabikho kungacaci ukuba ngubani onike ngqo iinkonzo.
b isiphumo socwangciso asisetyenziselwa; kwaye c yiyo yodwa indlela umxumi anakuhlawula ngayo inkonzo yenzululwazi ngengqondo enikiweyo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alinakungazivumeli iinkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo zexesha likaxakeka kuba umxumi engakwazi ukuqinisekisa intlawulo yezo nkonzo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kwenza uvavanyo neenkonzo zokuxilonga kuphela kwimeko yolwalamano lobugcisa obuxeliweyo.
Uhlolo, iingcebiso, iingxelo kunye neenkcazelo zovavanyo nokuxilongwa kobugcisa ligcisa ngenzululwazi ngengqondo ziya kusekelwa kulwazi nobuchule ukungqinela okufunyanisiweyo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kunika kuphela ingcamango lweempawu zenzululwazi ngengqondo zomxumi emva kokuba lixilonge loo mxumi ngokobugcisa obanelisayo ukuxhasa ukufumanisa kwalo.
Xa uxilongo lubhekiselele kumthethwana 3 ungenakusebenza igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kubhala iinzame ezenziweyo kwaye liya kuxela impembelelo elindelekileyo yokunyinwa kolwazi kukuthembeka nokunyaniseka kwengcamango yalo nokunyina isimo kunye nobungakanani bokufumanisa kwalo.
Xa kusenziwa uhlolo lweqela igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elibandakanyekayo liya kwazisa imida yokufamanisa kwalo kuthathelwa ingqalelo 'kwimida' yokuba isikora seqela sinokuthembeka nokunyaniseka okungaphantsi kunesikora esifunyenwe kumntu omnye.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lisenza uphononongo lweerekhodi nokuxilonga umxumi kungafuni ukuba kunikwe ingcamango igcisa liya kunyina ukufamanisa kwalo lithathela ingqalelo 'kwimida' yokuba isikora seqela sinokuthembeka nokunyaniseka okungaphantsi kunesikora esifunyenwe kumntu omnye.
Xa kusetyenziswa nasiphi isixhobo sombane, iI-intanethi okanye enye indlela emayana yohlolo igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elibandanyekayo liya kwazisa oku kwaye linyine ngokufanelekileyo isimo nobungakanani beokufumanisa kwalo.
a kwenza ngendlela nangeenjongo ezifanelekileyo kuphando okanye kubungqina obuluncedo kwaye nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwezo methodi zohlolo; lize b liyeke ukusebenzisa kakubi ubuchule bohlolo, ukungenelela, iziphumo nokutolikwa kwaye lithathe onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuthintela abanye kukusebenzisa kakubi ulwazi olunikwe zezo methodi ukuquka nokukhupha iziphumo zovavanyo ezingekalungiswa okanye ulwazi olungekalungiswa kubantu abangengobaxumi ababandakanyekayo abangafanelekanga ukuba basebenzise olo lwazi.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kufumana imvume yomxumi ebhaliweyo eyazisayo yeenkonzo zohlolo, zovavanyo nokuxilonga.
izinxaxhi kwimfuneko yemfihlo; okanye iii naziphi iimpembelelo eziyingozi ezifunyenwe kukunikwa kweenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo ezibandakanyekayo.
b iimvume eyasizayo iyaqukwa kuba uvavanyo lwenziwe njengendlela yomsebenzi wemfundo, weziko okanye wombutho njengovavanyo lodliwano-ndlebe lomsebenzi; okanye c injongo yovavanyo eyenziwa ligcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo kukuvavanya ukuthatha isigqibo kunye nokungabi namandla kwengqondo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuxelela umxumi ngobuchule obuthandabuzekayo kwimvume okanye uvavanyo lufunelwa bani ngumthetho, isimo nenjongo yeenkonzo zohlolo ezicetyiswayo, kusetyenziswa ulwimi oluqondwa ngokufanelekileyo ngumxumi ohlolwayo.
a Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kufumana imvume eyazisayo yomxumi yokusebenzisa itoliki xa kusetyenziswa iinkonzo zetoliki kwaye liya kuthatha onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuqinisekisa ukuba imfihlo yohlolo kunye nokhuseleko lovavanyo iyagcinwa lize lixoxe nangako nakuphi ukunyinwa kolwazi olufunyenweyo.
b Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuhlala liqonda imida yolwazi olufunyenweyo ngokusetyenziswa kwetoliki lize lenze izigqibo zalo nezindlululo ngokufanelekileyo.
a liqinisekise ukuba imfihlo yeziphumo zovavanyo nokhuseleko lovavanyo ziyagcinwa; lize b lixoxe nomxumi ngako nakuphi ukunyinwa kolwazi olufunyenweyo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elivelisa lize lenze uphando ngeemvavanyo kunye nezinye iimethodi zohlolo liya kusebenzisa iinkqubo zenzululwazi kunye nolwazi lobugcisa langoku ekuveliseni uvavanyo, ekubekeni emgangathweni , ukunyaniseka, eukunciphiseni okanye ekushenxiseni umtsalane bucala kunye nakwizindululo zokusetyenziswa.
b kunakana imida yokuqinisekisa ukuba luluphi uxilongo , ukufunanisa okanye iingqikelelo ezinokwenziwa malunga nabanye nabanye apho kukho ukuguquguquka kolwimi, kwenkcubeko nakuqoqsho-ntlalo; lize c lenze yonke imizamo yokuchonga iimeko apho uhlobo oluthile lohlolo okanye imigangatho ingenakusebenza okanye kufuneka ulungiso lolawulo, lokunika isikora nokutolika kuba iimeko ezifana nobudala, inkolelo, ukuzalwa, umbala,, isazela, inkcubeko, ukukhubazeka, isifo, uhlanga, imvelaphi yentlalo, ulwimi, isimo somtshato, ukukhulelwa, uhlanga, ukuziqhelanisa nesini okanye imeko yentlalo-qoqosho.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo kufuneka liqinisekise ukuba ukwazisa iziphumo zeenkqubo zohlolo kumxumi, kumzali, kumondli ngokusemthethweni okanye komnye umntu ogunyaziswe ngokusemthethweni ufumana ezo ziphumo egameni lomxumi zikhatshwa luncedo lokutolika okufanelekiyo okanye yingcaciso enokufuneka.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elinika elinye igcisa inkqubo yohlolo kwinkonzo yokutolika kamatshini kufuneka lenze loo nkonzo ngokwezikhokelo zokwenza ezingcono zepsychometry ezisetyenziswayo ngelo xesha.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba inkqubo leyo icetyiswa ukuba isetyenziswe phi kwaye kweyiphi injongo kwaye lichonge naziphi iziqinisekiso ezizodwa ezifunekayo zokulawula, zokunika isikora, nokuzitolika ngokufanelekileyo kwaye liqinisekise ukuba nakuphi ukwaziswa kwenkqubo yohlolo okanye inkonzo yokutolika ineyaniso kwaye iyachaza.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo litolika iziphumo zohlolo ukuquka notoliko lukamatshini liya kuthatha ingqalelo yeemeko zovavanyo ezahlukeneyo neempawu zomxumi ohloliweyo ezifana nokwahlukana kwemeko, yakhe ulwimi nenkcubeko ezinganempembelelo kukugweba komxumi kwaye zinciphise ubunyaniso bokutolika begcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo kufuneka libonise nakuphi ukuzibamba okucacileyo anako malunga nokucokiseka koltoloki lwalo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuqinisekisa ukuba ingcaciso yeziphumo inikwa ngolwimi eligqondwa ngokufanelekileyo ngumxumi obandakanyekayo okanye ngumntu ogunyaziswe ngokwasemthethweni uikuba afumane loo ngcaciso egameni lomxumi ngaphandle kokuba isimo solwalamano sicaciswe ngokucacileyo phambi kokuba umxumi abe nokuhlolwa ligcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elibandakanyekayo kwaye liqanda ukunika ingcaciso yeziphumo kukucebisa okuthile kombutho, phambi kokusetyenziswa okanye kukhuseleko nakwiimvavanyo zasenkundleni.
Nokokuba ulawulo, ukunikwa kwesikora nokutolikwa kovavanyo lwenziwe ligcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo okanye ngabanye abasebenza phantsi kwegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo, okanye ziinkonzo zomatshini okanye zaphandle igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elibandakanyekayo liya kuthatha onke amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingcaciso efanelekileyo yeziphumo iyanikwa.
b khetha iinkonzo zokukorekisha nezokutolika ukuquka iinkonzo zoomatshini ngokusekelwe kubungqina bokunyaniseka nokuthembeka kweenkqubo kunye nokucinga okufanelekileyo; lize c kugcina imfanelo yokhuseleko olufanelekileyo, yolawulo, yokusebenzisa, yokutolika nokusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zohlolo nokokuba lilawula ngokwalo, liyakorekisha lize litolike eze mvavayo okanye lizebenzi iinkonzo zooomatshini okanye ezinye.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo linganika igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo okanye elinye igcisa elifanelekileyo ulwazi lovavanyo ngemvume ebhaliweyo eyazisayo yomxumi obandakanyekayo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lingayeka ukukhupha ulwazi lovavanyo ngokubhekiselele kumhlathana 2 ukukhusela umxumi walo kwingozi.
a uhlolo lwalo okanye izigqibo zongenelelo okanye iingcebiso kwiziphumo zovavanyo okanye ulwazi olushiywe lixesha kwinjongo ekhoyo; okanye b eso sigqibo okanye iingcebiso kwiimvavanyo namanyathelo aphelelwe lixesha kwaye akaloncedo kwinjongo yangoku kodwa liya kuqinisekisa ukuba iimvavanyo ezisetyenzisiweyo zihlelwe yibhodi kwaye ulungiselelo lwawo nawuphi umthetho okhoyo ofana nomThetho wokuLingana weNgqesho, 1998 Umthetho No. 55 of 1998, uthotyelwe.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuthatha onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo okugcinga ubulungisa nokhuseleko lweemvavanyo nobunye ubuchule bokuhlola buhambisana nomthetho nommiselo.
a lifumene imvume eyazisayo yomxumi yonyango oluquka imimandla evelayo apho ubuchule obuqondwayo neenkqubo zingakamiselwa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuxelela umxumi ngesimo esivelayo sonyango, ngeengozi ezinokubakho, olunye unyangos olunokubakho kunye nesimo sokuzithandela sokuthatha inxaxheba komxumi; kwaye b ukuba igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lingumqeqeshwa kwaye imfanelo esemthethweni yonyango olunikwayo lusezandleni zomonganyelwa umxumi uya kuxelelwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo yemvume eyazisiweyo ukuba ingcali yokunyanga ikuqeqesho kwaye yonganyelwe aze umxumi uya kunikwa igama likamonganyelwa.
a liya kucacisa zisasuka ukuba ngowuphi kwaba abangabaxumi nolwalamano igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo oluya kuba nalo nomntu ngamnye b lingabizwa ukuba lisebenze kwiindima eziphikisanayo ezifana nengcali yokunyanga yosapho nanjengqina kwiinkqubo zokuqhawula umtshato; kwaye c liya kucacisa kwaye lilungise okanye lirhoxe kwiindima xa kufanelekile.
Ingcaciso ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kumthethwana 1a iquka ukuba indima yegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo kunye nokusebenza okulindelweyo kweenkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo ezinikwayo okanye ulwazi olufunyenweyo.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo linka iinkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo kubantu abaliqela kwimeko yeqela, the igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuchaza kwangoko iindima kunye neemfanelo zamaqela onke kunye nasiphi isinxaxhi kwimfuneko yemfihlo.
Ekugqibeni ngokunika iinkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo kwabo sele befumana iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kucinga ngenyameko imibandela yonyango kunye nobukho bentalo-ntle yomxumi.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuxoxa ngemibandela echazwe kumthethwana 1 nomxumi onokubakho okanye umntu ogunyaziswe ngokwasemthethweni njengomxumi, umzali, umondli, igqwetha okanye umntu womthetho kwiinkonzo zoluleko okanye kwiindawo zobulungisa zolutsha ezifana nomzimi wokuguqula izimilo ukuze kunciphe ingozi yokubhideka nempixano, ukucebisana nezinye iinkonzo zababoneleli xa kufanelekile nokuqhubeka ngononophelo nangovakalelo kwimibandela yonyango.
A igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kuzibandakanya kubudlelwane bokwabelana ngesondo nangayiphi indlela (nokokuba kungelizwi, ngomzimba okanye zombini) nomxumi ekusetyenzwa ngaye.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kuba nobudlelwane bokwabelana ngesondo nalowo waziwa njengomzali, njengomondli, njengomyeni okanye inkosikazi, omnye obalulekileyo, umntwana okanye isizalwane somxumi onyangwayo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo aliyi kuphelisa unyango ethintela ukwalelwa ngumthethwana 1.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kwamkela nawuphi umntu njengomxumi alilikhe lazibandakanya naye kukuthandana ngokwesini.
f impembelelo engalunganga enokwenzeka kumxumi; kunye g nayiphi ingxelo eyenziwayo okanye izenzo ezithathwa ligcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ngexesha lolwalamano lobugcisa ezibonisa okanye ezimema ubudlelwane besini obunokwenzeka okanye ubudlelwaneo obuvusa umxhelo nomxumi.
Xa lingena kwingqesho okanye kulwalamano lwesivumelwano okanye apho abahlawuli beqela lesithathu bebandakanyeka, igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuthatha onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo okunika isisombululo esifanelekileyo nesisulungekileyo semfanelo yokukhathalela umxumi kwimeko apho umsebenzi okanye ulwalamano lwesivvumelwano luphela lithathela ingqalelo ebalulekileyo yokunika umxumi intalo-ntle.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuphelisa iinkonzo zobugcisa ukuquka nonyango lomxumi xa kubonakala ukuba umxumi akasafuni nkonzo yabugcisa ebandakanyekayo okanye akunakufumana ngcedo okanye uyonzakaliswa kukuqhubeke naloo nkonzo yobugcisa.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lingaziphelisa iinkonzo zenzululwazi ngengqondo xa lisongelwa okanye esinzakaliswa nangayiphi indlela ngumxumi, okanye ngabanye abantu abanolwalamano naloo mxumi kwiimeko apho ingcinga ecoselelweyo iya kunikwa kukuthunyelwa okufanelekileyo okanye kuyilo lwentlelo.
Ngaphandle apho kuqandwa izenzo zomxumi okanye zomhlawuli wesithathu, igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kunika ingcebiso phambi kokuphela kwaye licebise abanye ababoneleli ngeenkonzo ukuba kufanelekile.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elenza imisebenzi yomthetho-sycho (Ukuquka iforenzikhi) efana nohlolo, udliwano-ndlebe, ukucebisana, iingxelo okanye ubungqina bengcali liya kuthobela onke amalungiselelo yale mithetho ide isebenze kulo misebenzi.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kusekela umsebenzi wayo womthetho-sycho kulwazi olufanelekileyo nakubuchule bommandla osekela loo msebenzi ukuquka ulwazi olulodwa oluphathelele kubantu abathile.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuqinisekisa ukuba uhlolo lomthetho-sycho, iingcebiso nengxelo ezisekelwe kulwazi nobuchule zanele ukunika ubungqina bokufunyanisiweyo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo linganika iingxelo ezibhaliweyo okanye zomlomo zomthetho-sycho okanye ubungqina malunga kwiimpawu zenzululwazi ngengqondo zomxumi kuphela emva kokuba lenze uxilongo lomxumi olwaneleyo ukuxhasa ukufumanisa kwalo: Ngaphandle kokuba iinzame ezifanelekileyo ezifana nokuxilongwa zingenakwenzeka igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kucacisa impembelelo yolwazi lwalo olunyiniweyo kukuthembeka nokunyaniseka okanye kwiingxelo zalo nobungqina kwaye linyine isimo nobukhulu bokufumanisa kwalo ngokufanelekileyo.
a kungqina ngokunyanisekileyo, ngokungagushi nangendlela engaguquguqukiyo ngeenkqubo zomthetho ezisebenzayo; kwaye b kuchaza ngobulungisa ukusekelwa kobungqina balo nezigqibo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuphepha ukwenza iindima ezininzi ekunokubakho ukuphikisana kuzo kwimicimbi yomthetho-sycho.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo linokubizwa ukuba lize kusebenza kwiinkqubo zomthetho ezingaphezulu kunesinye, umzekelo, njengomcebisi okanye ingcali yelinye iqela okanye njengengqina kubunyaniso liya kucacisa kwangaphambili okulindelwe kwindima yalo kunye naziphi izinxaxhi kwimfuneko yemfihlo ukuze liphephe ukufaka engozini isigwebo sobugcisa kunye nokungaqhutywa luluvo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuqaphela iimfuneko eziphikisanayo ezenziwa ngummiselo okanye zimfuneko zesixokelelwano senkundla kwaye liya kuzama ukusombulula ezo mpixano ngokwenza ukuba kwaziwe ukuzibophelela kwalo kule mithetho nokuthatha amanyathelo okusombulela loo mpixano ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ulwalamano lobugcisa lwangaphambili nomxumi aluyi kungqanda igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ekunikeni ubungqina njengengqina kwinyaniso obuvunyelwa yinkundla.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuthathela ingqalelo iindlela apho ulwalamano lwangaphambili olungaphembelela ngayo ukungaqhutywa luluvo lobugcisa okanye ingcamango nokuxela impixano engakho kumaqwetha okanye igosa elongameleyo nokokuba ngumxumi okanye asinguye.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lifunwa yinkundla ukuba libe lingqina kwinyaniso igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liyabophelelwa ngumthetho ukuba lazise ubungqina.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lingazisa ukuthandabuza kwalo lokuvela njengengqina ngokuvela njengenqina phantsi kwenkcaso.
Nokokuba igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo livelile njengengqina phantsi kwenkcaso okanye alivelanga liya kuba lingqina elinyanisekileyo nelixelayo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi sanganisa iziqinisekiso zalo zobugcisa nangayiphi indlela ngokuphathelele kwimfundo, kumava okanye imimandla yobuchule.
g imirhumo yalo; okanye h upapasho lwalo okanye okufunyaniswe kuphando.
a safunyanwa kwiziko lokuqinisekisa lesizwe; okanye b senza isiseko sokubhaliswa kwalo yibhodi.
d aliyi kugqwetha ubungqina bomxumi wangoku okanye nawuphi omnye umntu onokwenzakala ngenxa yeemeko zalo ezithile ezinempembelelo engafanelekanga; kwaye e liya kuthatha amanyathelo kwangoko ukulungisa nakuphi ukugqwethwa kwalo olunokwenziwa ngabanye nakwesiphi isixhobo sokusasaza.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kuzibandakanya ngqo okanye ngomenzeli, kukuqwetha ngenkqu okungamenywanga kwishishini kubaxumi abakhoyo nabangakho okanye abanye abantu abanokwenzakala ngenxa yempembelelo engafanelekanga.
a lizame ukumisela uqhagamshelwano olubini olufanelekileyo kwinjongo yokunceda umxumi; okanye b ukunika iinkonzo zenzululwazi zexesha likaxakeka, zentlekele okanye zokufikelela kuluntu.
d umrhumo obandakanyekayo; kunye e nezithintelo kukwenza njengokuba oko kwabelana ngezimvo, ukjuxoxa ngomba othile okanye inkqubo akuvumeli ukuba abantu babange ubuchule obungaphaya kobunikwe kobo bokwabelana ngezimvo.
Ukwabelana ngezimvo, ukuxoxa ngomba othile okanye inkqubo ngokubhekiselele kumthethwana 1 akuyi kwenza nayiphi imbonakalo kumntu ongabhalisanga nebhunga njengegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ngoko oko kwabelana ngezimvo, isifundo okanye inkqubo kuya kukhokelela kukubhaliswa njengegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elinemfanelo yeenkqubo zemfundo noqeqesho liya kufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba loo nkqubo iyilwe ngobuchule kwaye inika imfundo noqeqesho olufanelekileyo kwaye ifezekisa iimfuneko zobuchule ebanga ukuba iyazinika kwaye iyazifezekisa.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elinemfanelo yenkqubo yemfundo neyoqeqesho liya kunika inkcazelo yenkqubo echanekileyo neyangoku, iinjongo zoqeqesho kwaye liya kumisela iinjongo zeemfuneko ekufuneka zifezekiswe ukungena nokwanelisa ukugqitywa kwenkqubo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elibandakanyekayo liya kuqinisekisa inkcazelo yomxholo wenkqubo, iinjongo zoqeqesho kunye neenjongo zeemfuneko ekubhekiselelwe kuzo kumthethwana 1 ezisele zikho kubo bonke abanomdla.
a kwazisa ulwazi llwenzululwazi ngengqondo ngokuchanekileyo nangokungaquthwa luluvo okufanelekileyo; lize b linakaned igunya elinalo kubafundi, koomonganyelwa , nakubaqeqeshwa kwaye ngoko liya kwenza zonke iinzame ezifanelekileyo zokuphepha ukuzibandakanya kukuziphatha okuthoba abo bantu kwaye liya kuqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo omgaqo-siseko abo bantu ayaxhaswa.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kufuna mfundi, monganyelwa okanye mqeqeshwa ukuba abhengeze ulwazi lwakhe ngokubhala okanye ngomlomo oluphathelele kwimbali yobuni bakhe, imbali yokuphathwa kakubi okanye ukungakhathalelwa, unyango lwenzululwazi ngengqondo, okanye ulwalamano nomzali, nomlingane okanye umnyeni okanye inkosikazi ngaphandle kokuba loo mfundi, loo momgameli okanye umqeqeshwa ingxaki zakhe zingagetywa ngokumthintela okanye ukwenza imisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi kwimeko enobuchule okanye ebangela isisongelo kuye okanye kwabanye.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kubeka umntu okanye unyango lweqela okanye nowuphi umfundi njengemfuneko yenkqubo egunyazisiweyo.
Kulwalamano lwemfundo nolukongamela igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuzinzisa inkqubo efanelekileyo lokunika ingxelo umfundi, umonganyelwa okanye umqeqeshwa lize igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo livavanye loo mfundi, monganyelwa okanye umqeqeshwa kusekelwe kukwenza kwakhe kwiimfuneko zenkqubo ezinzisiweyo nefalekileyo kumiselwa ngokungaqhutywa luluvo kwegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kuzibandakanya kulwalamano lwesini nomfundi, umonganyelwa okanye umqeqeshwa okwisebe lakhe, kziko lomenzeli okanye loqeqesho okanye lowo igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo linegunya lokumvavanya.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuyila kwaye lenze uphando ngendlela ehambelana nemithetho kunye nemigangatho eyamkelekileyo yamazwe ngamazwe yokuphanda nabathabathi-nxaxheba abangabantu kunye nezilwanyana.
b kunika iziko leendwendwe okanye umbutho ulwazi oluchanekileyo okanye izindululo zophando lwalo; lize c lenze uphando kwemithetho yokuziphatha yophando evunywe liziko okanye umbutho obandakanyekayo.
Phambi kokwenza uphando (ngaphandle kophando olubandakanya uvavanyo olunomntu ongaziwayo okanye uqwalaselo eyenziwe ngokwendalo okanye uphando olufanayoe), igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kungena kuvumelwano nabathathi-nxaxheba bonke ukumisela isimo sophando neemfanelo zeqela ngalinye.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kusebenzisa ulwimi oluqondwa ngokufanelekileyo ngumthathi-nxaxheba kuphando obandakanyekayo ekufumaneni imvume eyazisayo.
kufumana imvume yomthathi-nxaxheba; lize iii lifumane imvume efanelekileyo kumntu ogunyaziswe ngokwasemthethweni ukunika loo mvume.
Phambi kokugqiba olo phando liyilwayo (njengophando olubandakanya kuphela amaphepha emibuzo engaziwayo, uqwalaselo ngokwendalo, iintlobo ezithile zophando ngezibhalo ezibalulekileyo ezigcinwayo) lungafuni mvume yazisayo kumthathi-nxaxheba igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kucinga ngemithetho esebenzayo kunye nokuphonononga kweziko kwaye liya kucebisana namaqabane ngokufanelekileyo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kufumana imvume eyazisayo kumthathi-nxaxheba obandakanyekayo phambi kwefilimu okanye yokumrekhodisha okanye nangayiphi indlela ngaphandle kokuba uphando luquka iinqwalaselo ngokwendalo kwiindawo zoluntu kwaye akuqikelelwanga ukuba ifilimu okanye ukurekhodishwa kuya kusetyenziswa ngendlela eya kubangela umthathi-nxaxheba abe nokuchongwa okanye enzakale.
a kucacisa isimo sezo nkonzo kunye neengozi, ukuzibophelela nokunyinwa kokuzibandakanya; lize b linganiki imali engaphezulu okanye engafanelekanga okanye enye inkuthazo ukufumana abantu bokuthatha inxaxheba ingakumbi xa loo nkuthazo ingenza impembelelo engafanelekanga kuloo mntu uthatha inxaxheba.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kwenza sifundo esibandakanya inkohliso ngaphandle kokuba limisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kobuchule benkohliso buzathuzelwe lixabiso lokusetyenziswa, lwemfundo nolwenzilulwazi lwesifundo esilindelweyo kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo ezingasebenzisi iinkohliso ezingenakwamkela.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kukhohlisa umthathi-nxaxheba kuphando malunga nemicimbi ebalulekileyo enokuphembelela ukuthanda ukuthatha inxaxheba kwaloo mthathi-nxaxheba okufana neengozi zomzimba, ubunzim namava ovakalelo angonwabisiyo.
Nakuphi okunye ukukhohlisa okuyinxalenye yophawu loyilo nokwenza umfuniselo kuya kucaciswa ligcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo kumthathi-nxaxheba kwangethuba xa kunokwenzeka mhlawumbi ekupheleni kokuthatha inxaxheba komthathi-nxaxheba kodwa kungabikho ekupheleni kophando.
a ukuba iinqobo ezisemgangathweni zenzululwazi nezobuntu zizathuzela ukulibaziseka okanye ukufihlwa kolo lwazi igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okunciphisa ingozi yokwenzakala; okanye b xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liqaphele ukuba iinkqubo zophando zonzakalise umthathi-nxaxheba liya kuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa ukonzakala.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elenza uphando olubandakanya izilwanyana liya kuphatha ezo zilwanyana ngobuntu nangokwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kubumba ulwazi okanye iziphumo ezingekhoyo nakuluphi upapasho lokufunyenwe kuphando njengncwadi, ijenali yamanqaku okanye ingxelo yobugcisa yangaphakathi lize ukuba lifumanise iziphoso ezibalulekileyo kulo naluphi ulwazi olupapashiweyo lilungise ezo ziphoso ngokukorekisha, ngokurhoxa, ngeziphoso ezishicilelweyo okanye ngenye indlela efanelekileyo yokuypapasha.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kwazisa iinxenye ezinkulu okanye ziziqalo zomsebenzi womnye umntu okanye ulwazi njengolwalo nokokuba loo msebenzi okanye imvelaphi yolwazi icatshulwa ngamanye amaxesha.
b ngumbhali ophambili okanye ezinye iziqinisekiso zokupapasha ukuba ezi zibonakalisa ngokuchanekileyo igalelo lakhe lenzululwazi okanye lobugcisa kupapasho olubandakanyekayo ngaphandle kwewonga elikulo; okanye c yiminikelo emincinane kuphando okanye upapasho oluya kufanela ukubulelwa njengento ebhalwe emazantsi ephepha okanye ingxelo eyintshayelelo.
Ukuba nesikhundla kwiziko njengosihlalo wesebe lakuyi kunika igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo nasiphi isiqinisekiso sokuba ngumbhali.
Umfundi uya kudweliswa ngombhali ophambili kwinqaku elibhalwe ngabantu abaninzi ukuba elo nqaku lisekelwe ikakhulu kwikwithisisi yomfundi.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kupapasha naluphi ulwazi ebelukhe lapapashwa ngaphambili njengolwazi lokuqala.
Umthethwana 1 awuthinteli ukuphindwa kokupapashwa kolwazi xa oko kuphindwa kokupapashwa kukhatshwa yimvume efanelekileyo yombhali wokuqala.
Emva kokuba iziphumo zophando zipapashiwe igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kulufihla ulwazi olusekele izigqibo zalo kwamanye amagcisa anobuchule afuna ukuqinisekisa amabango azimeleyo ngokuphinda kucazululwe nalawo anenjongo yokusebenzisa ulwazi kuphela kuloo njongo: Ngaphandle kokuba loo mfihlo ihamba nentlonipho yomthathi-nxaxheba kuphando iya kugcina kwaye amalungelo omthetho ngokuphathelele kwimfanelo yolwazi enganqandi ukukhutshwa kwalo.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elincoma ligxeke okungeniselwe ukupapashwa okanye umnikelo okanye isindululo sophando liya kuhloniphaimfihlo namalungelo emfanelo koko kungenisiweyo okubekwe ezandleni zabo kungeniswe kubo.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lingaqinisekanga nokokuba imeko ethile okanye isenzo singaphula le mithetho liya kucebisana nelinye igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elinolwazi malunga nemicimbi esesikweni nekomiti esesikweni yenzululwazi ngengqondo yesizwe efanelekileyo okanye nelinye igosa elifanelekileyo ukuze enze isigqibo esifanelekileyo.
Ukuba iimfanelo ezisesikweni zegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ziphikisana nomthetho eloo gcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kwazisa ukuzibophelela kwalo kule mithetho lize lithathe amanyathelo ukusombulula impixano.
Ukuba impixano ibhekiselele kumthethwana 1 awunakusombulula igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo elibandakanyekayo liya kuthobela iimfuneko zomthetho.
Ukuba iimfuno zombutho elizibandakanye nawo igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liphikisana nale mithetho igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kucacisa isimo sempixano, lenze kwaziwe ukuzibophelela kwalo kule mithetho lize xa kunokwenzeka lifune ukusombulula impixano ngendlela evumela ukuthobela okupheleleyo kwale mithetho.
Xa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo likholelwa ukuba kukho ukwaphulwa okuninzi kwemikhwa esesikweni lelinye igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo, liya kuzama ukusombulula umcimbi ngokuwuzisa kwingqalelo yelo gcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ukuba isisombululo esazisayo sibonanakala sifanelekile kwaye ungenelelo alusayi kwaphula naliphi ilungelo lwemfihlo elinokubandakanyeka.
Ukuba isisombululo esaziswayo sokwaphulwa komkhwa osesikweni akufanelekanga okanye ukuba oko kwaphulwa akunakusonjululwa ngokufanelekileyo ngaloo ndlela igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kuthatha isenzo esifanelekileyo kuloo meko ngaphandle kokuba eso senzo singqubana namalungelo emfihlo ngendlela engenakusonjululwa.
Anasiphi isenzo esibhekiselele kumthethwana 1 singaquka ukubhekiswa kwikomiti yemikhwa yobugcisa efanelekileyo okanye kwiqabane ukuba lilamlle, lixolise okanye licebise ekuhambeni kwesenzo.
Apho igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo lixelela ikomiti yezempilo ngokuchazwa ngumthethwana 1, ubungqina obunyanisekileyo abusayi kufunwa kuba igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo linokukhathazeka okunyanisekileyo.
Ikomiti yezempilo iya kuwucinga umcimbi ize iqalise uphando lilungu elifanelekileyo lebhodi.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo liya kunika intsebenziswano yalo eopheleleyo ngentlonipho kuphando lwemikhwa esesikweni , nakweyiphi inkqubo okanyeiimfuneko ezinxulumeneyo zebhodi kwaye kwiinjongo zolo phando neenkqubo okanye iimfuneko lenze inzame yokusombulula nawuphi umcimbi onxulumene nemfihlo.
Intsilelo ligcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo yokusebenzisana njengoko kuchaziwe kumthethwana 1 iya kuba kukwaphula ngokwako imikhwa esesikweni.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kufaka okanye likhuthaze ukufakwa kwesikhalazo semikhwa esesikweni esiya kuba yimfeketho kwaye esijolise ukwenzakalisa igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ekufakwe ngalo isikhalazo endaweni ukukhusela uluntu.
Igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo alisayi kwalela nawuphi umntu unyango, umsebenzi , ukuqhubela phambili , unyuselo okanye imvume kwinkqubo yoqeqesho ngenxa yokuba loo mntu ebefake isikhalazo semikhwa esesikweni okanye bekufakwe isikhalazo ngaye.
Ukwalelwa okuchazwe kumthethwana 1 akulunqandi igcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo ukuba lithathe inyathelo ngokusekelwe kwisiphumo sophando olubanjwe ngokuphathelele kwiSahluko IV somThetho.
Ukuziphatha kwegcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo okungenantlonipho, okungekho sikweni, ngokungakhathali okanye ngenkohliso okanye lisilele ukuzalisekisa imigangatho eyamkel;ekileyo ubuncinane nonokoyisa ukwenza kwenzululwazi ngengqondo kuya kuquka kodwa kunganyinwa nasiphi isenzo okanye ukwenza ukwaphula le mithetho, okanye umThetho okanye nayiphi imithetho eyenziwe phantsi komThetho kwaye esebenzayo kwigcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo, okanye kwizaziso zebhodi okanye kwizisombululo zebhodi.
Ulungiselelo lomthethwana 1 uyasebenza kwigcisa lenzululwazi ngengqondo nakuye nabani ophantsi kolongamelo lalo.
Ibhodi iya kuba nengunya elibeka phezu kwayo nayiphi imvume enikwe kumThetho.
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Ukuba umntu waphule umthetho p.
Xa ityala lidluliselwe kumtshutshisi p.
Ukuba ubizwe njengengqina xa kutshutshiswa p.
Ukuba kufuneka ube lingqina enkundleni p.
Emva kokubanjwa p.
Xa kutsalwa isigwebo p.
Ukuba udinga uncedo p.
Ilungelo lokuba uphathwe ngobulungisa nembeko ngenxa yesidima sakho nobomi obubobakho bangasese p.
Ilungelo lokunika ulwazi p.
Ilungelo lokufumana ulwazi p.
Ilungelo lokhuselo p.
Ilungelo loncedo p.
Ilungelo lesibonelelo p.
Ilungelo lembuyekezo p.
Imigangatho engengakanani ngeeNkonzo zaMaxhoba oLwaphulo-mthetho (Imigangatho engengakanani) luxwebhu oluqulethe ulwazi oluqulunqwe ngenjongo yokuchaza banzi amalungelo akho njengoko equlethwe kwiTshatha yeNkonzo yaMaxhoba oLwaphulo-mthetho eMzantsi Afrika. ("iTshatha") kwaye nokwenza la malungelo abe yinto ekhoyo. ITshatha yamaXhoba kunye neMigangatho engengakanani zenzelwe ukuba zikunike ulwazi olungokuzinikela kukarhulumente ekuphuculeni ukufezekiswa kweenkonzo kumaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho. Imigangatho engengakanani ijonge ekucaciseni imigangatho engengakanani njegeenkonzo ezenzelwe amaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho. Imigangatho engengakanani ayigqabazi nje ngamalungelo asisiseko nemithetho-siseko, kodwa inika nolwazi oluneenkcukacha ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa amalungelo akho kwaye nokwenza abaququzeleli beenkonzo balihloniphe ilungelo lakho njengoko lichaziwe kwiTshatha. Loo nto baya kuyenza ngokuba bamise imigangatho engengakanani onokuyilindela kubaququzeleli beenkonzo. Imigangatho engengakanani iya kukunceda ukuba uthathe wonke umntu obandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yezobulungisa njengonoxanduva ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ufumana inkonzo efanelekileyo neenkonzo ezizizo.
Xa uxela ulwaphulo-mthetho futhi unike ubungqina enkundleni udlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni inkqubo yezobulungisa ukuba izimamele izidingo zoluntu kwaye iqinisekise ukuba aboni bayawamela amatyala abo. Kwelinye icala, inkqubo yezobulungisa kufuneka ikuhoye ngokukhawuleza kwanangembeko futhi ikuphathe ngentlonipho ngenxa yesidima sakho nobomi obubobakho bangasese kwaye ihlangabezane nezidingo zakho. Imigangatho engengakanani lilinge lokuqinisekisa ukuba oku kuyenzeka futhi ukwaxhotyiswe ngolwazi olululo ukwenzela ukuba usebenzise amalungelo akho.
Imigangatho engengakanani yahlulwe yazizahlulo ezine. Isahlulo 1 sikunika inkcazelo esisiseko ngamalungelo akho kwaye sikwaxela ukuba ngubani na onokuwafuna la malungelo. Isahlulo 2 sichaza ngokufutshane iinkqubo ezikwinkqubo yezobulungisa kwaye nento eya kwenzeka kuwe xa uthe walixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho waze waluxela emapoliseni olu lwaphulo-mthetho. Isahlulo 3 siqulethe imigangatho engengakanani ngeenkonzo onokuzilindela kubathathi-nxaxheba abohlukeneyo kwinkqubo yezobulungisa, kubhekiswa kwilungelo ngalinye elichazwe kwiTshatha yaMaxhoba. Sesona sahlulo sibaluleke kakhulu esi seMigangatho engengakanani njengoko sijolise ekubeni siwenze amalungelo adweliswe kwiTshatha abe yinto ekhoyo. Kukweli candelo apho uya kubona inani lemithetho-siseko eyaKhayo yoBulungisa equlethwe kwinkqubo-sikhokelo esemthethweni echazwe kwiTshatha yaMaxhoba nakwiMigangatho engengakanani. Isahlulo 4 sigqabaza ngeenkqubo zezikhalazo. Naxa abathathi-nxaxheba kwinkqubo yezobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho beya kuzamela ukuba bakuphathe ngobulungisa nembeko kwaye bakunike inkonzo entle , izinto ngamanye amaxesha azihambi kakuhle. Usenokubona okokuba iinkonzo ozifumeneyo azifiki kumgangatho obuwulindele. Eli candelo liyachaza indlela yokufaka isikhalazo kwaye linoluhlu lweedilesi oluneenombolo zoqahagamshelwano.
Imigangatho engengakanani yenzelwe ukuba ubeko-sweni lokufezekiswa kweenkonzo lube lula njengoko kubekwa imigangatho engengakanani ekuya kulinganiselwa ngayo ufezekiso lweenkonzo. Amaziko aluncedo kwanamasebe aya kubeka esweni ukuphunyezwa kwamalungelo nemigangatho yeenkonzo eyandlalwe kwiMigangatho engengakanani kwaye njengenxalenye yokubeka esweni, la maziko angabonisana nawe. Ezinye zeziphumo zenkqubo yokubeka esweni nokubonisana zingapapashwa.
Ukuba ubukhe walixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho, ungalindela ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba kwinkqubo yezobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho baya kuqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo akho njengoko andlaliwe kwiTshatha yaMaxhoba, ayaphunyezwa kwaye imigangatho engengakanani yeenkonzo echazwe kolu xwebhu iyasungulwa.
Ngokweenjongo zolu xwebhu nangokuhambelana nengcaciso-gama ebhalwe kwiSibhengezo seZizwe eziManyeneyo seMithetho-siseko esisiseko yoBulungisa yamaxhoba oLwaphulo-mthetho nokuSetyenziswa kakubi kwaMagunya (GA/Res/40/30) apho uMzantsi Afrika ungomnye wabasayini, ixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho lichazwe njengomntu owenzakeleyo, kuqukwa ukwenzakala emzimbeni okanye engqondweni, ukugula emoyeni, ilahleko yezoqoqosho ukuphazamiseka kwamalungelo akhe asisiseko ngezenzo okanye ngotyeshelo, nto ezo ezingokungahlonelwa komthetho wethu wolwaphulo-mthetho. Igama 'ixhoba' likwaquka apho kufanelekileyo usapho olusondeleyo okanye abantu abondliwa lixhoba ngqo. Umntu uya kubonwa njengexhoba nokuba umenzi wobubi ufunyenwe, wangxoliswa, watshutshiswa okanye wabanjwa kwaye nokuba kuthini na ukuzalana phakathi komaphuli-mthetho nexhoba.
Amagatya aqulethwe kwiMigangatho engengakanani asebenza kuwo onke amaxhoba ngaphandle komkhethe walo naluphi na uhlobo ngokubhekiselele kubuhlanga, isini ezesondo, imo yomtshato, umnombo ngokwesizwe okanye ngokwentlalo, umbala inkolelo ngokwesini ubudala, ukukhubazeka, inkolo, isazela, inkolelo, inkcubeko, ulwimi nokuzalwa njengoko zandlaliwe kwiCandelo 9 loMgaqo-siseko weRiphabhlikhi yoMzantsi Afrika (UMthetho 108 wowe-1996).
Kuya kwenzeka ntoni?
Ukuba kwaphulwe umthetho yaze loo nto yaxelwa kwiNkonzo yamaPolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika inkqubo yezobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho iya kuma ngeenyawo. Inkonzo yamaPolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika inoxanduva lokuphanda ulwaphulo-mthetho kwaye ize nabo ngaphambili abenzi bobugwenxa. Xa kubekwe isimangalo, ipolisa liya kuvula idokethi lize liphande ngesimangalo eso. Ukuba ipolisa aliqinisekanga nokuba kumele kulandele utshutshiso, isimangalo esi asisayi kuziswa ngaphambili ngokukhawuleza. Phofu ke, ipolisa liya kuqhuba liphande ngetyala elo lize lingenise idokethi lepolisa kumtshutshisi woluntu ukuze yena athathe isigqibo.
Ukususela ngexesha okophulwe ngalo umthetho yaze loo nto yaxelwa, kubalulekile ukuba bonke ubungqina obukhoyo buqokelelwe kwaye bukhuselwe ngendlela apha eya kuba luncedo kuphando lwetyala nasekuxoxweni kwetyala. Ukwenzakala okanye umonakalo owufumeneyo zizinto ezo ezinokunceda ukuxhasa ubungqina bakho bokuchasa ummangalelwa. Ingxelo kagqirha kufuneka izaliswe ingeniswe nayo apho kufunekayo.
Xa umntu emangalelwe, ityala libhekiswa enkundleni apho umtshutshisi abanoxanduva lokuthetha ityala.
Umtshutshisi uya kuwaqwalasela ngocoselelo onke amanqaku etyala.
Agqibe ekubeni kukho ubungqina obaneleyo angatshutshisa ngabo aze aqhube nokutshutshisa.
Agqibe ekubeni kusafuneka olunye ulwazi ukuze kuthathwe isigqibo esisekwe kwinto eyaziwa kakuhle, ngoko ke xa kunjalo ayalele igosa eliphandayo ukuba maliphande ngakumbi ngetyala elo.
genxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, njengezimvo zoluntu, agqibe ukubeni azirhoxise izimangalo.
Umtshutshisi xa ethatha nasiphi na isigqibo kwezi zingentla uya kukucingela nawe kwaye usenokugqiba ekubeni aziguqule izimangalo, ngokuxhomekeka kumanqaku achanekileyo etyala.
Ungalindela inkqubo ekhawulezileyo nesebenzayo eya kuqinisekisa ukuba ityala liya enkundleni ngokukhawuleza.
Ungalindela ukuba umtshutshisi uya kucela lonke ulwazi oluhambelana neenkqubo zebheyile kwigosa eliphandayo aze olo lwazi aluthi thaca enkundleni ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigqibo sokunika okanye sokunganikwa ibheyile kommangalelwa sithathwa kucingelwa wena nokhuselo lwakho.
Phambi kokwamkela ingxelo yommangalelwa umtshutshisi uya kuzithathela ingqalelo izimvo zakho nezosapho lwakho.
Ipolisa liya kukwazisa ukuba kufuneka uze enkundlelni njengengqina. Amatyala amaninzi aqhutyelwa kwinkundla kamantyi ukuze amatyala aqatha aye kwinkundla yommandla okanye kwinkundla ephakamileyo.
Ukusa ityala enkundleni kusenokuba nzima ingakumbi xa bebaninzi abantu ababandakanyekayo. Abo baphethe ityala bakuzama kangangoko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ityala liya enkundleni ngokukhawuleza.
Igosa eliphandayo, umtshutshisi woluntu ophezulu okanye ummeli weOfisi yoMlawuli wezoTshutshiso loLuntu liya kuqinisekisa ukuba , emva kokuhlolisiswa kokuqala kwaze kwahlangatyezwana nezinto eziyimfuno, uya kufakwa kwinkqubo yokhuselo ukuba kukho izoyikiso.
Ukunika ubungqina enkundleni kungamxikiza umntu. Abo babandakanyekayo - ipolisa, umtshutshisi nabasebenzi basenkundleni - baya kukuxhasa, balungise baze bakunike ulwazi oluninzi kangangoko ngento enokwenzeka.
Uya kunikwa isamani ekwazisa ngokuba ityala liza kubanini kwaye liza kuqhutyelwa phi na. Iphetshana elichaza into eza kwenzeka enkundleni liya kuhamba nesamani kwiimeko ezithile. Ukuba uya kwinkundla kamantyi kwaye unemibuzo ngezinto ezikhoyo enkundleni kufuneka uqhagamshelane negosa eliphandayo kwityala elo okanye, xa efumaneka, umncedisi wexhoba okanye igosa elilungiselelayo eliya kukusa okanye likuthumele kumntu ochanekileyo oya kukudibanisa nenkundla.
Xa ufika enkundleni, usenokufumana imiqondiso ekukhombisayo ecacileyo eya kukunceda uyifumane indlela yakho. Ukuba akukho miqondiso ekhombayo ecacileyo kwaye awazi apho ikhoyo inkundla, buza kwiDesika yoNcedo,/yoLwazi/yeNgcebiso, xa ikhona, ukuba ubungqina bakho buza kuqhutyelwa kweliphi na igumbi okanye ubuze ngezinto ezikhoyo enkundleni. Usenokuthetha namalungu abasebenzi bezotshutshiso abaya kukwazi ukukunceda kwimibuzo yonke onayo malunga neenkqubo. Umtshutshisi ophethe ityala lakho uya kukwazi ukukuxelela ukuba uza kulinda kangakanani na phambi kokuba unike ubungqina.
Umtshutshisi uya kuzama kangangoko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubizwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba uze kunika ubungqina. Umtshutshisi ojongene netyala lakho uya kuthi apho kufanelekileyo abonisane nawe phambi kokuba ubizwe uze kunika ubungqina. Phofu ke, ngamanye amaxesha kubakho izinto ezilibazisayo. Kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba ufika enkundleni ngexesha. Kufuneka umxelele umtshutshisi ukuba uza kufika kade okanye awuzukwazi ukubasenkundleni ngalo mhla wenkundla obekiweyo.
Ukuba kufuneka unike ubungqina, usenokuthi kwiimeko ezithile, ucele umhlobo okanye umntu okuxhasayo ukuba akukhaphe xa usiya enkundleni . Xa ugqiba kunika ubungqina uya kuxelelwa ukuba ungahamba na. Ungahlala umamele inkqubo yonke ukuba uyafuna.
Umthetho uvumela la magatya alandelayo xa unika ubungqina.
Usenokuthi phantsi kweemeko ezithile unike ubungqina ngenkqubo kamabonakude esithelisiweyo (loo nto ithetha ukuba awukho apha enkundleni apho kukho ummangalelwa, kodwa ukwelinye igumbi).
Ukuba kufuneka unike ubungqina enkundleni oko kusenokuqhutyelwa ngasese (ekhusini) phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Kufuneka ubungqina obuvakalayo obukumganagtho ophezulu phambi kokuba umntu afunyaniswe enetyala. Ukutshutshiswa kufuneka kumbonise ummangalelwa enetyala ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo. Akugwetywa wena, kodwa oko kusekwe kumandla onke okuthethwa kwetyala.
Umtshutshisi uya kubiza amangqina ombuso achasa ummangalelwa kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo. Kuya kubakho itoliki apho ifunekayo. Ummangalelwa uya kunikwa ithuba ukuba akubuze imibuzo, anike ubungqina kwaye kubizwe namangqina. Emveni kokuba inkundla ibuve bonke ubungqina betyala nempendulo yokuzikhusela, amaqela aya kuvunyelwa ukuba athethe abhekise enkundleni phambi kokuwiswa kwesigwebo.
Ukuba ummangalelwa ubanjiwe (ufunyenwe enetyala), ukuthethwa kwetyala nempendulo yokuzikhusela kungakhokela ubungqina kwaye kuchazelwe nenkundla ngesigwebo esiza kunikwa. Oku kwenziwa ngohlobo lwempikiswano yokuba umntu anikwe isigwebo esiqatha okanye anikwe isigwebo esilula. Ukuba impikiswano ngokunikwa isigwebo esilula iquka ulwazi olungeyonyaniso, olu lwazi kufuneka lwaziswe inkundla. Kwinqanaba lesigwebo usenokufuna ukubonelelwa ngomonakalo. Ukuba inkundla inika isibonelelo, loo nto ayithathwa njengesigwebo, ngoko ke isipho eso singongezwa phezu kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesohlwayo. Inkundla ingasimisa isigwebo kwiimeko ezithile, kuqukwa nemeko apho ummangalelwa kufuneka akunike isibonelelo. Umtshutshisi angangenisa ingxelo evakalayo okanye akhokele obunye ubungqina xa bukhona obuxhasa isigqibo esifanelekileyo.
Phambi kokuwiswa kwesigwebo, igosa elongameleyo, umtshutshisi okanye umenzi wentetho yokuzikhusela lingacela igosa elilinda amabanjwa okanye nayiphi na ingcali ukuba ibhale ingxelo ngawe okanye ummangelelwa. Ingxelo ingaquka uhlolo lomphumela wolwaphulo-mthetho kuwe. Ulwazi lungathathwa kwingxelo oyenze emapoliseni okanye igosa elilinda amabanjwa lingadlana indlebe nawe ubuso ngobuso okanye ungabizwa uze kunika ubungqina kwinqanaba lesigwebo.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba isigwebo silula ungaxoxa ngalo mba noMtshutshisi oPhezulu okanye oyiNtloko, yena ke umtshutshisi angazisa uMlawuli kwezoTshutshiso loLuntu. UMlawuli kwezoTshutshiso loLuntu angabhena ngesigwebo kwinkundla yezibheno. Isibheno kufuneka senziwe ngexesha elixeliweyo.
Ummangalelwa angabhena ngesigwebo esiwiswe yinkundla. Ukuba isibheno sifakiwe, ungacela umtshutshisi kwityala lokuqala okanye igqwetha likarhulumente elijongene nesibheno ukuba likwazise ngokuqhubekayo kwityala elo, umzekelo, umhla obekiweyo wokumamela isibheno, ukuba ummangalelwa uyinikiwe na ibheyile nesiphumo sesibheno.
Ukuba kukho inkxalabo ngokhuseleko lwakho okanye olwengqina lombuso, umtshutshisi okanye ummeli ophuma kwiSigqeba soKhuselo lweNgqina uya kukwazi ukukucebisa ngento efanele ukwenziwa. Baya kukunceda kangangoko.
ISebe leeNkonzo zoLuleko liya kuqinisekisa ukuba izigwebo zitsalwa ngokusemthethweni. Xa kucingwa ngokukhululwa kommangalelwa, iSebe leeNkonzo zoLuleko liya kuqwalasela ngenyameko ukonganyelwa komntu omangalelweyo owaphulelwe isigwebo ngesithembiso sokuba akasayi kubaleka.
Ungacela ukuya ekuxoxweni kwamatyala yiBhodi yoLongamelo lwezoLuleko neSophulelo sesigwebo iBhodi yeSaphulelo sesigwebo. Ukuba ufuna ukuya, uya kwazisa ngomhla wokuxoxwa kwetyala kwaye iBhodi iya kuzithathela iingqalelo izinto ezikukhathazayo xa kuqwalaselwa ukophulelwa kommangalelwa.
Kwimeko nganye apho ummangalelwa ophulelwe isigwebo , iBhodi yeSaphulelo sesigwebo iya kubeka imiqathango ehamba nokukhululwa kommangalelwa ukuba loo nto iyibona njengento oyifunayo.
Ukuba, emva kokuba ummangalelwa ophulelwe isigwebo, uziphatha ngendlela apha ebonisa ukuba angayingozi kukhuseleko loluntu okanye waphula nayiphi imiqathango ehamba nesaphulelo sesigwebo, angabanjwa aze asidontse isigwebo esishiyekileyo entolongweni.
Amasebe amaninzi karhulumente aya kuba luncedo kuwe. Amapolisa aya kukunceda kwezi meko- imo emaxongo efuna umlamli; ukukuthumela kuncedo lonyango okanye uncedo lwasengqondweni; ukukuchazela ngeenkqubo zamapolisa ; ukukunika ulwazi ngamalungelo akho; ukukuthumela kwimibutho engeyokarhulumente nesekwe ekuhlaleni. (ii-NGO nee-CBO) okanye iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni zokuxhasa amaxhoba; ukuqinisekisa ukukhuseleka kwakho kwindawo yolwaphulo-mthetho; ekulondolozweni kobungqina; nokukucebisa ngothintelo lolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ukuba kukho isoyikiso emva kwesigwebo, wena, igosa eliphandayo okanye umtshutshisi kufuneka aqhagamshelane ngokukhawuleza neofisi yeSigqeba soKhuselo lweNgqina.
ISebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo nabanye abaququzeleli beenkonzo zentlalo, ukuba bakhona, liya kunika iinkonzo zenkxaso nezemvakalelo ezingaquka neenkqubo zokulungiselela ukuya inkundleni.
Oonompilo baya kuqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo akho aqulethwe kwiTshatha yaMalungelo eZigulane ayahlonitshwa.
ISebe leMfundo liya kuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokulamla ezinjengokucebisa, iinkqubo zokuthumela nokuxhasa ezilungiselelwe amaxhoba zikhona kwinkqubo yemfundo.
Ungalindela ukuba bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwinkqubo yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho baya kukuphatha ngobulungisa, nembeko ngenxa yesidima sakho nobomi obubobakho bangasese nangendlela enovakalelo.
kuya kudliwana iindlebe nawe ngolwimi oluvayo kwaye ukuba umntu othetha nawe akakwazi ukuthetha ulwimi oluvayo, ungacela itoliki; kwaye ungacela ukuba ilungu lamapolisa elidlana indlebe nawe ibe lelesini esifana nesakho, ukuba likhona, isicelo sakho siya kwamkelwa.
liya kuqinisekisa ukuba ukuxoxwa kwetyala kuqhutywa ngendlela apha engaphazamisanayo nelungelo lokuphathwa kwakho ngobulungisa nembeko ngenxa yesidima sakho nobomi obubobakho bangasese.
ilungu labasebenzi basenkundleni liya kukwazisa ukuba unelungelo lokuhlawulelwa iindleko zokuhamba kwanezinye iindleko ezithile ngexesha olichithe enkundleni uye kunika ubungqina kwaye liya kukunika nolwazi lokukunceda ukwazi ukubanga ezi ndleko.
baya kuvumela umntu okuxhasayo (isizalwane okanye umhlobo) akukhaphe ukuya enkundleni, kwaye baya kukuvumela, ngokwenza isicelo kwaye ukuba izinto/ indawo iyavuma ulinde kwindawo eyahlukileyo kweyommangalelwa okanye kweyamangqina akhe kweli tyala.
awusayi kuyekwa ujongane natyala wedwa. Ukuba ubungekalixeli ityala elo emapoliseni, umququzeleli weenkonzo zentlalo uya kukuncedisa ukuxela ityala;kwaye ukuba ulixhoba letyala lezesondo, amapolisa anokuzifuna iimpahla ubuzinxibile njengobungqina, into ethetha ukuba kwimeko enjalo ungacela umququzeleli weenkonzo zentlalo ukuba akuncedise ukufumana enye impahla yokunxiba.
Uya kunyangwa ngokukhawuleza ngokubhekiselele kumalungelo akho aqulethwe kwiTshatha yaMalungelo eZigulane.
ukuba uya kwityala elixoxwa yiBhodi yeSaphulelo sesigwebo kwaye kufuneka ube negalelo, ungacela nawuphi na umntu omthandayo ukuba akukhaphe akunike inkxaso xa usiya etyaleni; kwaye ukuba uya kwityala elixoxwa yiBhodi yeSaphulelo sesigwebo kuya kwenziwa zonke iinzame zokukukhusela ukuba ungaphatheki gadalala okanye wenzakaliswe emoyeni kwakhona ngexesha kuxoxwa ityala.
b. ukuba awukwazi ukufunda, xelela ipolisa , kwimeko enjalo ipolisa liya kukufundela ingxelo leyo lize likucele ukuba ungqine okuqulethwe yiyo ngokuba usayine okanye ugximfize ubhontsi wakho kuyo; kwaye c. ukuba itoliki ikhona kwaye unqwenela ukuba ingxelo yakho uyifundelwe ngolwiimi oluvayo phambi kokuba ungqine ngokusayina okanye ngokugximfiiza ubhontsi, itoliki iya kukwenzela oku.
uya kucelwa ukuba uhlale ulazisa igosa eliphandayo ngedilesi yakho, apho kungaqhagamshelwana nawe khona, apho ukhoyo de uphando netyala zigqityiwe; kwaye uya kucelwa ukuba ulazise igosa lophando ukuba ummangalelwa uya kuphazamisa okanye uzama ukuphazamisa uphando lwetyala, ukuba akazi kuza etyaleni okanye ukuba uyakoyikisa.
uya kubonisana nawe phambi kokwamkela isicelo sommangalelwa kwaye akucele ukuba uchaze indlela ulwaphulo-mthetho olukuchaphazele ngayo wena nosapho lwakho. Ngexesha lokubonisana uya kufumana ithuba lokuba uthethe ungafihlisi unike iinkcukacha zelahleko okanye ukwenzakala okufumeneyo ngenxa yolu lwaphulo-mthetho. Umtshutshisi uya kuziqwalasela ezi meko phambi kokuba athathe nasiphi isigqibo sokwamkela izicengo zokuba kuthotywe isigwebo. Iya kudizwa enkundleni imiphumela yolu lwaphulo-mthetho kuwe nakusapho lwakho okanye uya kunikwa ithuba lokuba unike ubungqina enkundleni okanye kuya kungeniswa ingxelo elungiswe yingcali ngexesha lokuwiswa kwesigwebo; kwaye kweli nqanaba lokubonisana uya kukucela ukuba wongeze nawaphi na amanqaku ebengekafakwa kwingxelo yakho. Ukuba asemxholweni la manqaku, umtshutshisi uya kuwachaza kwintetho yokuzikhusela phambi kokuxoxwa kwetyala.
ukuba kuyafuneka baya kudlana indlebe nawe kwaye ukuba kufuneka ubungqina bukagqirha kweli tyala benze amalungiselelo okokuba uxilongwe ngugqirha; kwaye baya kukugcina usebenza nabantu abanye kangangoko banakho ngokuqinisekisa ukuba umququzeleli weenkonzo zentlalo okanye ivolontiya abelisebenza nawe ukususela mhla waxela ulwaphulo-mthetho ihlala ingumntu omnye de ligqitywe ityala.
ukuba inkundla (umtshutshisi okanye umantyi) ucela ukuba benze njalo, baya kunika inkundla iirekhodi zakho zikagqirha kwakunye naluphi olunye ulwazi obanike lona oluhambelana netyala.
ukuba uya kwityala elixoxwa yiBhodi yoLongamelo lwezoLuleko neSophulelo sesigwebo uya kukuvumela wenze igalelo etyaleni ngomlomo okanye ungenise igalelo elibhaliweyo.
a. Ukubanjwa komrhanelwa b. Ukuba ingaba kufuneka uye na xa kukhonjwa umrhanelwa nomhla lowo wokwenza oko c. Inombolo yetyala lenkundla d. Imihla yetyala lebheyile e.
f. Ukuqhubela phambili kophando nokuxoxwa kwetyala g. Nasiphi na isigqibo sokurhoxisa okanye ukujika kakhulu isimangalo h. Ukuba kufuneka uye kwiinkqubo zasenkundleni nomhla okanye imihla yezo nkqubo.
Umhla wokuxoxwa kwetyala nesiphumo sokugqibela j. Umhla wesigwebo nesiphumo k. Ukuba ngaba ummngalelwa ufake isibheno ngokufunyaniswa enetyala okanye isigwebo nesiphumo sokubhena l. Impahla ibibanjiwe ingabangwa njani kwaye nini kwakhona.
m. Ziziphi iinkonzo ezikhoyo zokujongana nezidingo zakho kwaye nendlela yokusebenzisa ezi nkonzo.
apho kunokwenzeka nangesicelo sakho baya kukuvumela ubone igumbi lenkundla phambi kokuqala kwetyala ukuze uyazi into omawuyilindele; kwaye baya kuqinisekisa ukuba kukho imiqondiso neempawu ezicacileyo ezikhomba indlela kwaye baya kukubonisa indlela eya enkundleni. Apho ikhoyo iDesika yoNcedo/yoLwazi/yeNgcebiso baya kuwazisa ngegumbi ekuza kuqhutyelwa kulo ityala.
uya kukukhusela kwimibuzo engqwabalala, enobungozi nethoba isidima; kwaye uya kwazisa ngesiphumo setyala kwaye nokuba kukho isibheno malunga nokufunyaniswa enetyala okanye isigwebo.
ukuba kunokwenzeka, bakukhaphe uye enkundleni phambi kokuxoxwa kwetyala ukuze uziqhelanise negumbi lenkundla nokulingqongileyo; kwaye bakuxhase bakunike nengcebiso okanye bakuthumele kwiinkonzo zengcali yengcebiso nenkxaso.
uya kwazisa ngeenkonzo zenkxaso zasekuhlaleni ezikhoyo neefowuni eziluncedo.
ngokucelwa, aya kwazisa ngeenkonzo zesikolo zamaxhoba ezikhoyo kwindawo leyo.
ukuba ubucele ukubakho xa Bhodi yeSaphulelo sesigwebo ixoxa ngesaphulelo, uSihlalo uya kukwazisa ngolwimi oluvayo ngeenkqubo ezilandelwayo ngexesha lengxoxo nento elindelekileyo kuwe; kwaye ngokucelwa nangokuvuma kommangalelwa akwazise ngeenkqubo zophuhliso ummangalelwa azihambileyo okanye azihambayo ukuphucula isimilo sakhe.
ukuba ufakiwe kwiNkqubo, kufuneka uthobele yonke imithetho eyandlalwe kwisivumelwano.
ungaqhagamshelana negosa eliphandayo kwisikhululo samapolisa okanye nomtshutshisi ophezulu woluntu nangaluphi na olunye ulwazi ngeNkqubo yoKhuselo lweNgqina.
ungangenisa ubungqina emapoliseni uchaze ukophulwa komyalelo ngummngalelwa; kwaye ipolisa liya kumbamba ummangalelwa kwangoko ngokophula imiqobo ibibekwe yinkundla phantsi kweCandelo 7 loMthetho woBundlobongela baseKhaya No.116 wowe-1998.
uya kwazisa ukuba kwiimeko ezithile inkundla ingakunqanda ukupapashwa kwalo naluphi ulwazi (kuqukwa amagama ommangali okanye engqina) ngokunxulumene netyala okanye nayiphi na inxalenye yalo egcinwe ekhusini; kwaye uya kwazisa apho kufanelekileyo ukuba nawuphi na umntu opapasha ngokungekho emthethweni naluphi na ulwazi okanye adize ngokungekho emthethweni amagama engqina unetyala kwaye angatshutshiswa.
baya kuthatha amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba wena okanye usapho lwakho anikho semngciphekweni wengozi.
baya kunika ingxelo okanye bathumele emapoliseni nayiphi imeko apho bakrokrela ulwaphulo-mthetho.
kudlwengulo okanye kumatyala okuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, iBhodi yeSaphulelo sesigwebo ingafaka kwiimeko zesaphulelo sommangalelwa ukuba kuyafuneka, amagatya amthintelayo ukuba ahlangane nawe.
ngokukunika ingcebiso malunga nokuthintela ulwaphulo-mthetho ; kwaye ngokunqanda ubundlobongela kwindawo yolwaphulo-mthetho.
c. eyenza inkundla naye nawuphi umntu ofaneleke ukuba abekho uyabona kwaye ukuva ngokungqalileyo okanye ngesixhobo se-elektonika wena nomlamleli wakho ngexesha lobungqina.
amatyala abandakanya amaxhoba asesichengeni aya kukhawuleziswa kangangoko; kwaye ukuba kufuneka kusetyenziswe uqhagamshelwano lomabonakude osithelisiweyo (i-CCTV) ngexesha leenkqubo zasenkundleni, umtshutshisi uya kukuchazela indlela ezisebenza ngayo izixhobo okanye apho kunokwenzeka, akuvumele nabazali bakho okanye umzali okugcinayo niboniswe ukusebenza kwezixhobo phambi kokuba kuxoxwe ityala.
a. bakuncede ukwazi ukuqhagamshelana nosapho okanye abahlobo b. bakuncede ukuba ubonisa iimpawu zokuxikizeka emva kwemeko le c. bakunike inkcazelo ngenkqubo eza kulandelwa d. bakuncede kunxibelelwano neNkonzo yamaPolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika nomtshutshisi e. bakuthumele kwinkonzo yengcebiso ukuba ukuxikizeka kuza ngamandla f.
iv. ukukulungiselela ukuba unike ubungqina futhi kukhuthazwe nokuba ubonisane nomtshutshisi.
ngokwenza isicelo okanye apho kufunekayo, umzekelo, ukuba ulixhoba kwaye ubanjiwe okanye kufumaniseka ukuba udinga inkxaso ngexesha lokuxoxwa kwetyala yiBhodi yeSaphulelo sesigwebo, uya kuthunyelwa kubaququzeleli beenkonzo abangabo ukuze uzuze ingcebiso okanye iinkonzo zenkxaso.
apho kufanelekileyo, ukhutshelwa isatifiketi sikagqirha sokungabikho esikolweni okanye emsebenzini.
Isibonelelo sibhekisa kwisixa semali osinikwa yinkundla yolwaphulo-mthetho ukuba uye wanelahleko okanye wonakalelwe yimpahla/yipropati (kuqukwa imali) ngenxa yesenzo solwaphulo-mthetho okanye utyeshelo ngulo mntu ubanjelwe ukwaphula umthetho. Isipho sesibonelelo sizama ukubuyisela umamkeli kwisikhundla ebekuso phambi kwelahleko okanye komonakalo.
igosa elongameleyo liya kwazisa ukuba, ukuba awusalanga isipho ngethuba leentsuku ezingamashumi amathandathu awunakho ukumthabathela inyathelo elisemthethweni ummangalelwa; kwaye ukuba wenza isicelo esiya enkundleni sokuba ubonelelwe ngeendleko zonyango ngenxa yokwenzakala emzimbeni ngexesha lolwaphulo-mthetho, unompilo okuxilongileyo uya kusixhasa isicelo sakho ngokuba anike ubungqina enkundleni kwaye anike nolwazi oluchanekileyo kwinkundla kuqukwa neengxelo zonyango.
Imbuyekezo ibhekisa kwiimeko apho inkundla, emva kokuba umntu efunyaniswe enetyala, iyalela ummangalelwa ukuba abuyisele kuwe ipropati okanye iimpahla ebezithathwe kuwe ngokungekho mthethweni okanye ezonakaliswe ngokungekho mthethweni, ngenjongo yokukubuyisela kwisikhundla sakho phambi kwesenzo sobugwenxa.
uya kwazisa ukuba isicelo sakho ngokubhekiselele koku singaxhaswa yinkundla kwaye kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo uya kuvunyelwa ungenise isicelo esinjalo enkundleni.
Onke amasebe namaziko onke abandakanyekayo etyaleni ajonge ukunika inkonzo ekumgangatho ophezulu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha izinto azihambi kakuhle. Ukuba kuyenzeka oko, amasebe namaziko afuna ukwazi ukuba kwenzeke ntoni.
b. lulwazi olufumeneyo; okanye c.
Ungafaka isikhalazo ngepolisa okanye ngomgaqo-nkqubo wenkonzo yamapolisa, indlela okwenziwa ngayo okanye inkqubo elandelwayo, ungakwenza oko ngokuba ubhalele uKhomishina weSikhululo samapolisa eso sibandakanyekayo.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho singempahla zakho ezilahlekileyo okanye ezonakeleyo ngexesha zisemapoliseni, unganelungelo lokufumana isibonelelo. Thumela nayiphi na imibuzo kuKhomishina weSikhululo, okanye, ukuba aweneliseki, ungaya nakuKhomishina weNgingqi wesikhululo samapolisa neenkcukacha zebango lakho. Ukuba isikhalazo sakho asikhange sihoywe ngendlela ekwanelisayo, usenokuya kwi-Ofisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu.
Ukuba aweneliseki yindlela esiqwalaselwe ngayo isikhalazo sakho ungaya kwiCandelo Elizimeleyo leZikhalazo , kodwa nceda qaphela ukuba le ofisi kungayiwa kuyo nezikhalazo ezinxulumene namatyala angolwaphulo-mthetho okanye ukungaziphathi kakuhle kwamalungu eNkonzo yamapolisa iMetro (iMetro Police Service) namalungu eNkonzo yamaPolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika athe akawenza umsebenzi wawo.
Inkundla ebekuxoxwa kuyo ityala ingazisombulula izikhalazo ezininzi. Ukuba unesikhalazo ungabhala okanye wenze idinga noMtshutshisi oPhezulu woLuntu kwinkundla le ibijongene netyala. Phofu ke, xa iofisi yoMtshutshisi yengingqi ingasiphenduli ngokwanelisayo isikhalazo sakho, ungakhalaza kuMtshutshisi oyiNtloko wendawo leyo. Ukuba kwakhona isikhalazo sakho asihoywanga ngokwanelisayo, ungakhalaza kuMlawuli wezoTshutshiso loLuntu wendawo leyo. Yena uya kuzenzela olwakhe uphengululo. Ukuba nalapho aweneliseki, ungadibana noMlawuli kaZwelonke wezoTshutshiso loLuntu.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho kusafuneka kwakhona ukuba siqwalaselwe de waneliseke, ungadibana neOfisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu. Nceda qaphela ukuba kungaziwa kule ofisi nezikhalazo ezinxulumene nenkqubo yolawulo. IOfisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu ayinakho ngokomthetho ukuba iphande izigqibo zenkundla.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho singesimo segosa elongameleyo, ungabhala okanye wenze idinga lokubona iNtloko yeNtloko yezoMthetho yeSithili. Ungazifumana iinkcukacha zedilesi nefowuni kwinkundla kamantyi yengingqi.
Ukuba aweneliseki yimpendulo oyifumana kwiNtloko yeSithili, ungabhalela okanye wenze idinga neNtloko yezoMthetho yeSigqeba yommandla lowo.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho singenkundla yommandla, ungabhala okanye wenze idinga lokubonana noMongameli weNkundla yoMmandla waloo ndawo. Ungazifumana iinkcukacha zedilesi nefowuni kwinkundla kamantyi yengingqi.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho singeJaji yenkundla ephakamileyo, ungabhala okanye wenze idinga neJaji enguMongameli yeCandelo elo. Ungazifumana iinkcukacha zedilesi nefowuni kwinkundla kamantyi yengingqi okanye kwinkundla ephakamileyo.
Ukuba aweneliseki yimpendulo, ungabhalela kwiKhomishini kaMantyi ukuba isikhalazo sakho singenkundla kamantyi, okanye iKhomishini yeeNkonzo zaseMthethweni ukuba isikhalazo sakho singekundla ephakamileyo. Ukuba kwakhona awukaneliseki ungadibana neOfisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho singabasebenzi basenkundleni, umzekelo oomabhalana neetoliki ungabhala okanye wenze idinga lokubonana nomlawuli wenkundla. Ukuba aweneliseki yimpendulo yomlawuli wenkundla, ungabhalela umlawuli ophetheyo weenkonzo zenkundla okanye umlawuli jikelele.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho singegosa leSebe lezoPhuhliso lweNtlalo, ungabhalela kwintloko yeofisi leyo. Ukuba aweneliseki yimpendulo ungaqhagamshelana neNtloko yeOfisi yommandla okanye yePhondo kwakunye neOfisi kaZwelonke.
Ukuba kwakhona awukeneliseki yimpendulo oyifumene kwigosa likarhulumente, ungaqhagamshelana neBhunga leMisebenzi yobungcali kwiNkonzo yeNtlalo okanye iOfisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu.
Ukuba awanelisekanga yinkonzo oyinikwe ngunompilo kwicandelo lempilo likawonke-wonke kufuneka kuqala ukhalaze kulo mntu obe kunceda. Phofu ke, ukuba isikhalazo sakho asisombululekanga ngokwanelisayo, ungasisa isikhalazo sakho kwintloko okanye kumphathi wale ndawo yempilo ubuxilongwe okanye ubunyangwe kuyo.
Ukuba awufumani mpendulo okanye aweneliseki okanye aweneliseki yindlela isikhalazo sakho esiqwalaselwe ngayo yintloko okanye ngumphathi wale ndawo yezempilo, ungasisa isikhalazo sakho kwiSebe lezeMpilo lePhondo elo ukulo. Ukuba aweneliseki yindlela iSebe lezeMpilo lePhondo elisiqwalasele ngayo esi sikhalazo, ungacela ibhodi okanye ibhunga elinjengeBhunga laseMzantsi Afrika labasebenzi bezeMpilo ukuba liwuphande lo mbandela.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho singomfundisi-ntsapho okanye naliphi elinye ilungu labasebenzi kwisikolo esithile okanye kwiziko lemfundo, ungaqhagamshelana nenqununu yeso sikolo okanye yeziko lemfundo.
Ukuba aweneliseki yindlela isikhalazo sakho esiqwalaselwe ngayo, ungaqhagamshelana neNtloko yeSebe leMfundo kwelo phondo ukulo.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho asikaqwalaselwa ngokwanelisayo, ungadibana noMEC weMfundo okanye iSebe leMfundo likaZwelonke.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho singegosa loluleko ungasibhala siye kuKhomishina kaZwelonke weeNkonzo zoLuleko okanye kwiJaji eHlolayo. Xa efumana isikhalazo esibhaliweyo uKhomishina uya kusinikezela kwiofisi eza kusiqwalsela.
a. IOfisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu b. IKhomishini yaMalungelo oLuntu yaseMzantsi Afrika c. ICandelo Elizimeleyo leZikhalazo d. IKhomishini yoLingano kwiSini e. IBhunga laseMzantsi Afrika labasebenzi bezeMpilo f.
Imigangatho engengakanani ngeeNkonzo zaMaxhoba oLwaphulo-mthetho yaphuhliswa liCandelo lezeSini kwiSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko kusetyenziswana nala masebe; iSebe lezoPhuhliso lweNtlalo, elezeeNkonzo zoLuleko, eleMfundo, elezeMpilo kwakunye neGunya lezoTshutshiso likaZwelonke laseMzantsi Arika, iNkonzo yamaPolisa yaseMzantsi Afrika, iKhomishini yoHlaziyo loMthetho yaseMzantsi Afrika, iKhomishini yaMalungelo oLuntu yaseMzantsi Afrika, iOfisi yoMkhuseli woLuntu, iCandelo Elizimeleyo leZikhalazo, amalungu eeKhomishini zeNkonzo kaMantyi neyoMthetho, amalungu eTshwane Metro Police.
ISebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko lilibulela ngokungazenzisiyo igalelo elenziwe yimibutho engeyokarhulumente ekuphuhliseni olu xwebhu.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISIKHOKELO SOKUFIKELELA KULWAZI.txt</fn>
Ngokwemiqathango yeshedyuli yesi-3 yesigaba A somThetho woLawulo lweMali kaRhulumente (PFMA), 1999 (umThetho woku-1 we-1999), olungisiweyo, nangokwemigaqo yomthetho ongentla, i-NEMISA inoxanduva lokuqulunqa esi sikhokelo esiya kuba luxwebhu loluntu jikelele nesiya kubangela ukuba abantu babe nokufikelela kwiirekhodi zethu.
Injongo ye-NEMISA kukwandisa amanani abaphuhlisi be-ICT abanezakhono kunye nabasebenzisi abasuka kuluntu obeluhlelelekile ngaphambili, nto leyo iya kukhokelela ekwandeni kwesakhono kwiinkalo ezintsha zobuchwephesha nezamajelo eendaba. I-NEMISA ijolise ekulondolozeni inani labafundi elinamabhinqa akwisininzi.
Umbono we-NEMISA kukuba liziko lezemfundo elijolise kumsebenzi owenziwayo, nelijolisise kanobom kuphuhliso lwezakhono zejelo losasazo. Sinenjongo yokuba ngabona babonakala bephambili kanobom kuphuhliso nasekufezekisweni kweenkqubo zoqeqesho lwezoshishino kwicandelo lejelo losasazo.
Umsebenzi wethu ongundoqo kukubonelela ngemveliso neenkonzo ezisemgangathweni ezifanele abantu, ezingenazindleko ziphezulu, nezoshishino ngokukhuphela kubo ulwazi oluphangaleleyo nobambiswano.
Isicwangciso esingundoqo se-NEMISA kukuqeqesha nokuvelisa izithwalandwe ezizakhono zimbaxa eziya kudlala indima ephambili kusasazo nakwicandelo lonxibelelwano olumajelo ambaxa, ikwenza oko ngeenkqubo zezifundo ezahlukeneyo, ngeekhosi nangamaphulo.
Ukuphembelela inguqu kushishino losasazo.
Ukufaka igalelo ekusekweni kwamakhondo kwishishini leenkonzo zosasazo.
Ukuqhuba nokufaka igalelo kushishino kwinqwanqwa lomgaqo-nkqubo nelemigangatho.
Ukuhlala usekhondweni elifanelekileyo ngokuthatha inxaxheba ebonakalayo kuphuhliso loshishino..
Ukuseka ubambiswano kwisicwangciso esingundoqo kwisigaba sasekuhlaleni, sommandla nakwesamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukufaka igalelo ekuguqulweni kwecandelo lejelo losasazo ngokubonelela ngezakhono.
Ukuphuhlisa ulwazi oluya kuvelisa imveliso yasekuhlaleni ekumgangatho oncomekayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuphuhlisa nokufezekisa isicwangciso sokubambisana.
Ukubeka i-NEMISA njengeziko elikhethekayo kwilizwekazi.
Ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lombutho wethu ngokuzama iindlela ezahlukeneyo zemithombo yengeniso.
IBhodi yabaLawuli iphantsi koMnini-sabelo enika kuye ingxelo ngoxanduva lwayo elutyathiswe yimigaqo yomThetho woLawulo weMali kaRhulumente (PFMA).
Imisebenzi yobugciniswa yeBhodi yabaLawuli imiselwa yimigaqo yomThetho woLawulo lweMali kaRhulumente nayeyomThetho weeNkampani, 1973. Uxanduva olubanzi lweBhodi yabaLawuli luchakiwe kwakhona kumThetho woLawulo lweMali kaRhulumente.
Nokukhokela, ukubeka iliso nokulawula imisebenzi ye-NEMISA.
I-NEMISA iyayamkela imigaqo yolawulo lwenkampani kunye nendlela yokuziphatha equlethwe kwingxelo kaKing yolawulo lwezinto zonke nakumThetho woLawulo lweMali kaRhulumente.
Iikomiti zeBhodi zinyulwa yiBhodi ngokuvumelana nemithetho esele ikhankanyiwe.
IKomiti yoPhicotho-zincwadi yasekwa ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba i-NEMISA ithe gqolo ngolawulo olusulungekileyo, olungenachaphaza lwenkqubo esekuhleni yemali, ukulawulwa kwentlekele nolawulo lwangaphakathi.
Okwakalokunje, isabunjwe ngamalungu eBhodi kuphela, kodwa ke ikomiti inalo ilungelo lokukhwebela kuyo amalungu aliqela ngenjongo yokuba akhonze njengamalungu ekomiti.
Ikomiti inika ingxelo kwiBhodi ye-NEMISA ngeziphumo zophicotho-zincwadi nangomgangatho nengxam yeziphumo zemali ezithiwe thaca.
I-NEMISA, ngokubambisana ne-Universal Service Agency (USA), ikwiphulo lokuseka iKomiti yangaphakathi yoPhicotho-zincwadi eya kuba namalungu ama-3, ilungu elinye kwiziko ngalinye kunye nelungu elizimeleyo. Le Komiti iya kuzimela - ayiyi kuba phantsi kwabaLawuli, kweBhodi ye-NEMISA kwaye ingasayi kuba phantsi kweKomiti yoPhicotho-zincwadi. Eyona njongo iphambili yale Komiti kukuqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo nemigaqo ephathelele kulawulo lwangaphakathi lweziko kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba umThetho woLawulo lweMali kaRhulumente uyathotyelwa. Le komiti iya kunika ingxelo kubaLawuli nakwiKomiti yoPhicotho-zincwadi ye-NEMISA.
I-NEMISA ikhuthaza ukuxhotyiswa kwabasebenzi bayo ngokuthi bathabathe inxaxheba kwimibutho ekhoyo ngemiba ephathelele kubasebenzi, kuqeqesho, kuphuhliso nasekwabelaneni ngengcaciso. iI-NEMISA ilibona iphulo lokunikwa kwabebehlelelekile amathuba njengoyena ndoqo kwiphulo layo lokugaya abasebenzi kwaye igxininisa kanobom ekugayeni abasetyhini.
Inkampani izimisele ekuqinisekiseni ngendawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo. IKomiti yezeMpilo noKhuselo ziyalelwe ukuba zijongane nokufezekiswa kwale miba.
Ngokwemigaqo yomThetho wokuKhuthazwa kokuFikelela kuLwazi, iKhomishoni yamaLungelo oLuntu kufuneka, zingaphelanga iinyanga ezili-18 emva kokusungulwa kweli candelo, iqulunqe ngolwimi ngalunye olusemthethweni isikhokelo esiqulethe ingcaciso, ngohlobo nangendlela ekuya kuba lula ngayo ukuqondakala kwayo kuye nawuphi na umntu ofuna ukusebenzisa naliphi na ilungelo elichazwe kulo mThetho.
KwiKhomishoni yamaLungelo oLuntu yoMzantsi-Afrika: ICandelo lomThetho wokuFikelela kwiNgcaciso: iSebe loPhando noNcwadi.
Imizuzu nezigqibo zeBhodi kuqukwa nezeekomiti zeBhodi.
Iirekhodi ezisekwe ngokwemigaqo yomthetho njengoko kuyalelwa njalo ngumThetho weeNkampani nayimithetho eyiyeminye.
Iirekhodi zezipho nezenkxaso-mali.
Enye ingcaciso ephathelele kulawulo jikelele.
Ingcaciso ngoqeqesho nangeenkqubo.
Iingxelo ezenziwa kumaphephandaba.
Umenzi-sicelo kufuneka asebenzise ifom epapashwe kwisiHlokomiso sikaRhulumente (Isaziso R187 sowe-15 kweyeDwarha 2002), esihlonyelwe kwesi sikhokelo "njengesiHlomelo A".
Umenzi-sicelo kufuneka achaze ukuba ingaba ufuna ikopi yencwadi okanye ufuna nje ukujonga iirekhodi kwiiofisi ze-NEMISA kusini na Icandelo lama-292.
Umenzi-sicelo uya kuyifumana ingcaciso ngohlobo ayicele ngalo. Kodwa ke, ukukhutshwa kwengcaciso kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ingaba isicelo eso asingeni ngeenyawo ezinodaka kwimicimbi yolawulo lwemihla ngemihla ye-NEMISA kusini na, okanye asonakalisi rekhodi na, okanye ingaba asiphazamisani namalungelo opapasho lokubhaliweyo angekho ezandleni zikarhulumente kusini na Icandelo lama-293. Ukuba ingcaciso ecelwayo ayinakho ukuba ingakhutshwa ngohlobo ecelwe ngalo, kodwa inokukhutshwa ngenye indlela, umenzi-sicelo uya kuhlawula imali yaloo ndlela ebecela ukukhutshelwa ngayo Icandelo lama-294.
Ukuba, ngaphezu kwempendulo ebhaliweyo emayela nesicelo sengcaciso, umenzi-sicelo ufuna ukuchazelwa ngesigqibo ngendlela eyiyenye, umz. ngefowuni, oko kufuneka kucaciswe Icandelo le-182e.
Ukuba umenzi-sicelo ucela ingcaciso egameni lomnye umntu, kufuneka abonise iwonga esenziwa kulo isicelo Icandelo le-182f.
Ukuba abenzi-sicelo abakwazi ukufunda okanye ukubhala, okanye ukuba bakhubazekile, banakho ukwenza isicelo sengcaciso ngomlomo. Kwimeko enjalo, igosa lengcaciso kufuneka lizalise ifom egameni labo lize libenzele ikopi yefom ezalisiweyo Icandelole-183.
Igosa lengcaciso liya kuziqwalasela izicelo zengcaciso zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokufunyanwa kwesicelo okanye likwenze oko ngokukhawuleza kangangoko linakho [Icandelo lama-25]. Kwiimeko ezithile, ithuba leentsuku ezingama-30 linakho ukwandiswa kangangeentsuku ezingama-30 kodwa kube kanye [Icandelo lama-26].
Umenzi-sicelo uya kwaziswa ngemali ebekiweyo phambi kokuqwalaselwa kwesicelo sengcaciso [Icandelo lama-22].
Umenzi-sicelo uya kwaziswa ukuba ingaba uyavunyelwa kusini na ukuba afikelele kwingcaciso ayicelayo [Icandelo lama-25].
Injongo ephambili ye-NEMISA kukuphuhlisa inkonzo yosasazo enesakhono sokuyila neqhutywa ngokobuchwepheshe beli xesha neenkqubo zejelo elimbaxa, miba leyo iya kuxhobisa izithwalandwe zayo ngezakhono zokusebenza kumanqwanqwa olawulo eshishini.
Ezi nkqubo zijolise kubantu abathile.
Abantu abasuka kuluntu obeluhlelelekile ngaphambili.
Ukufaka isibheno kwiBhodi ngesigqibo seGosa leNgcaciso.
Ukuba umenzi-sicelo akanelisekanga sisigqibo seBhodi, usenokufaka isibheno kwiNkundla yamatyala.
Olu lwazi lufumaneka xa luthe lwacelwa.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISIMEMO SOKONYULWA KWABAGQATSWA.txt</fn>
Amalungu ecandelo leenkonzo zamathala eencwadi nolwazi kunye namanye amaqela anomdla ayamenywa ukuba onyule abagqatswa abafanelekileyo ukuba bathathelwe ingqalelo ukuba baqeshwe kwiBhunga leSizwe kwiiNkonzo zamaThala eeNcwadi kunye noLwazi (National Council for Library and Information Services) (NCLIS) ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho weeNkonzo zamaThala eeNcwadi kunye noLwazi, 2001 (umThetho oyiNombolo yesi-6 ka-2001) kwixesha elisukela kumhla woku-1 Novemba 2006 ukuya kuma-31 Oktobha 2009.
Umsebenzi weBhunga kukucebisa uMphathiswa weSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko kunye noMphathiswa wezeMfundo kwimicimbi enxulumene neeNkonzo zamaThala eeNcwadi kunye noLwazi (library and information services) (LIS) ukwenzela (a) ukuxhasa kunye nokuvuselela ezentlalo-qoqosho, ezemfundo, okwenkcubeko, ezolonwabo, uphando lwezenzululwazi, uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe kunye nolwazi kulo lonke uluntu elizweni; kunye (b) nokunika ufikelelo oluza nempumelelo kulwazi olubalulekileyo kumntu ngamnye ngendlela engabiziyo. Imisebenzi yeBhunga iquka, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukwazisa kunye nokucebisa uMphathiswa uphuhliso noququzelelo lweeNkonzo zamaThala eeNcwadi kunye noLwazi elizweni.
Ileta enika amagama apheleleyo kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zomonyuli, echaza ukufaneleka komonyulwa ukuba aqeshwe ngokwemigqaliselo yendlela yokukhetha exelwe ngasentla, kunye namagama neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zabantu abathathu bomonyulwa ekunokungqiniswa kubo.
Ulwamkelo olubhalwe phantsi lokwamkelwa konyulo ngumonyulwa.
a ITayitile namagama agcweleyo g Amava afunekayo b INOMBOLO YESAZISI h Imimandla yobugcisa c Ubumi i Ubulungu bemibutho, iiBhodi, njl. njl.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba ayilulo upapasho lwesithuba olu. Umvuzo wamalungu eBhunga uyakunyinelwa kwintlawulo yeendleko ezifanelekileyo zokuhamba kunye nezeziBonelelo xa umntu eye ezintlanganisweni kabini ngonyaka (ePitoli okanye kwamanye amaziko).
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISINGESI.txt</fn>
Yintoni uMbutho wabaHloli boBulungisa eziNtolongweni?
Injongo yoMbutho wabaHloli boBulungisa eziNtolongweni?
Injongo yoMbutho wabaHloli boBulungisa eziNtolongweni kukwenza uhlolo lweentolongo lube lula ukwenzela ukuba iJaji yokuHlola inike ingxelo ngempatho nangeemeko zamabanjwa ezintolongweni.
Ukwakhiwa koMbutho wabaHloli boBulungisa eziNtolongweni?
UMbutho wabaHloli wenziwe ngamaqela amane, abaHloli bona basebenza ukuhlola nokuphengulula, iQela leeNkonzo zoMthetho zisebenza ngezikhalazo zamabanjwa, iCandelo lomLolongi oZimeleyo weNtolongo (Independent Prison Visitor) (IPV) lisebenzisana nokumiswa kwexesha nendawo kunye nabaphathi jikelele be-IPV ize neQela eliLawulayo lisebenzisane ngezimali, ulungiselelo lwenkxaso kwakunye nabaphathi bobutyebi. Amaqela anika ingxelo kuMlawuli, uMnumzana Gideon Morris.
Ngubani iJaji yokuHlola?
Yintoni imisebenzi yeJaji yokuHlola?
Kukuhlola okanye ukucwangcisa uhlolo lweentolongo ukwenzela akwazi ukunika ingxelo ngempatho yeentolongo kunye neemeko zeentolongo.
Kukwamkela asebenze ngezikhalazo zamabanjwa ezingeniswe liBhunga leSizwe leNkonzo Zoluleko, uMphathiswa, umKhomishinala, okanye iKomiti yabaLolongi nakumatyala angxamisekileyo ngumLolongi oZimeleyo weNtolongo.
Kukungenisa ingxelo yohlolo ngalunye kuMphathiswa nakwabanye abantu njengoko iJaji yokuHlola icinga ukuba kufanelekile.
Kukungenisa ingxelo yonyaka kuMongameli nakuMphathiswa.
Kukuphatha okanye ukucwangcisa uphengululo ukuba lubanjwe ezintolongweni nalapho kuyimfuneko yokubamba iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo.
Ingaba iJaji yokuHlola iluqhuba njani uhlolo?
IJaji yokuHlola yonyula abahloli okanye abancedisi ababodwa ukuqhubekekisa uhlolo njengoko icinga ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ngobani abaLolongi abaZimeleyo eNtolongweni.
Ii-IPV ngamalungu abahlali bethu abathe emveni kokubiza utyumbo loluntu, atyunjwa ezintolongweni zethu.
Ingaba izikhalazo zamabanjwa ziphathwa njani?
Ibanjwa ngalinye linelungelo lokumangalela isikhalazo kwintloko yentolongo, ekunyanzelekileyo ukuba isirekhodishe eso sikhalazo, isebenze ngaso, emveni koko yazise nebanjwa ngesiphumo. Ukuba ibanjwa alanelisekanga yimpendulo, linokusijolisa ngqo kwi-IPV isikhalazo, okanye xa ngaba i-IPV ayikho, isijolise kwiJaji yokuHlola.
Yintoni imisebenzi yabaLolongi abaZimeleyo eNtolongweni (IPU).
Kukuhambisana nezikhalazo zamabanjwa ngokuwatyelela rhoqo nokudlana indlebe bucala namabanjwa ukuba ngaba kuyimfuneko oko.
Kukuxoxa izikhalazo neNtloko yeNtolongo ngenjongo yokusombulula imicimbi yangaphakathi.
Kukugqithisela naso nasiphi na isikhalazo esingasonjululwanga yiKomiti yabaLolongi esinxulumene nayo.
Kukungenisa iingxelo kwiJaji yokuHlola, ngxelo ezo zibandakanya amaxesha okulolonga, inani nohlobo lwezikhalazo ezigqithiselwa kwiKomiti yabaLolongi aba nxulumene nazo.
Ungaqhagamshelana njani nomLolongi oZimeleyo weNtolongo?
AbaLolongi abaZimeleyo beeNtolongo bonyulwa kwiintolongo ezininzi ukwenza lula izisombululo kwizikhalazo zamabanjwa. Amabanjwa fanele abuze kwiNtloko yeNtolongo ukuba ayafuna na ukwenza isigqibo sokuhlangana ne-IPV.
Izikhalazo ezingasonjululwanga ezivela kwiiKomiti zabaLolongi?
Izikhalazo ezingasonjululwanga ezivela kwiiKomiti zabaLolongi kusetyenzwa ngazo kwi-ofisi yeJaji yokuHlola. Imimiselo eyenziwa kwi-Ofisi yeJaji yokuHlola iyagqibelela.
Loluphi uhlobo lwesikhalazo iJaji yokuHlola egunyaziswe ukuba isebenze ngaso?
Izikhalazo ezinxulumana neemeko zentolongo okanye impatho yamabanjwa entolongweni. Loo nto ibekela bucala, umzekelo, izikhalazo ezinxulumene neemfanelo zokugwetywa okanye izigwebo nolwaphulo lwamalungelo enzeka ngaphandle kwentolongo.
IJaji yokuHlola kungaqhagamshelwana njani nayo?
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UMzantsi Afrika ujongene nemfanelo yokufumana izisombululo ezifana nemiba yokunyuswa koqoqosho lwabantu bawo, ukupheliswa kwentswela-ngqesho nobuhlwempu. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ke ukuba ulwimi ludlale indima ebalulekileyo ukulungisa le miceli mngeni. Ngaphaya koko kufuneka siqonde ukuba ulwimi lunendima enkulu oluyidlalayo kwimfundo, luqinisekisa ukufikelela kwiinkonzo ezibalulekileyo nolwazi, kuphuhliso lobuqu kunye nokuzivakalisa kubugcisa benkcubeko.
ISebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko likubona ukusekwa kwamaZiko oPhando kunye nokuPhuhlisa iilwimi (Language Research and Development Centres) (LRDCs) njengelinokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulungiseni lemiba. Ngokwenza njalo, sizama ukujolisa kwezo lwimi bezihlelelekile ngaphambili, sizinika indima ephakathi kuphunyezo lomgaqo-nkqubo weelwimi zethu ezininzi.
Ingqiqo yee-LRDCs ikwathathela ingqalelo yokuba uluntu lweelwimi lunqamleze amaphondo. Ngesi sizathu, ziyakusekwa apho abantu abathetha ezo lwimi bahlala khona. Ukumiswa kwee-LRDCs kumaphondo, kufutshane nabagcini beelwimi zemveli, ikwasisicwangciso-qhinga njengoko sibona ubuqabane nentsebenziswano kwiiprojekithi ezibalulekileyo zeelwimi zisenziwa ukuqhubekisela phambili iilwimi ezininzi kwilizwe lethu.
Ngokwesiseko seziphumo zophando, kugqitywe ekubeni ukusekwa kwee-LRDCs yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka ihlolwe ukunika amandla ekuphunyezweni kweNkqubo-sikhokelo soMgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe weeLwimi (National Language Policy Framework) (NLPF). Enye yeenjongo ezingundoqo zamaZiko eeLwimi iya kuba kukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi zemveli njengeelwimi zoshishino, zopolitiko, zophando kunye nezikarhulumente kuMzantsi Afrika wonke.
I-DAC inoluvo lokuba utyalo-mali kwezi LRDCs aluyi kunyusa kuphela ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi zemveli kumacandelo ohlukeneyo karhulumente, nakwezopolitiko, njl. njl., kodwa luyakulumeka isiqalo seshishini leelwimi eMzantsi Afrika esiya kuba noncedo kuqoqosho oluzinzileyo.
Kucingelwa ukuba kuyawukwenziwa utyalo-mali olumalunga nama-R2 600 000 kunyaka wokuqala, ama-R2 900 000 kunyaka wesibini, kunye nama-R3 100 000 kunyaka wesithathu ngeZiko. Kwixesha leminyaka emi-3 kuzo zonke ii- LRDCs utyalo-mali olumalunga nama-R55 ezigidi luyawukwenziwa.
Utyalo-mali oluzinzileyo kwiilwimi zemveli lunobulungisa ukuba ngaba umntu uthathela ingqalelo imbali yokungaphuhliswa kunye nokungasiwa so, kunye nokuzibophelela kwangoku kukarhulumente kwiilwimi ezininzi. UMgaqo-siseko ubhengeza ukuba : "Ukuqonda ukusetyenziswa okuphelayo kunye nesikhundla seelwimi zemveli zabantu bethu, urhulumente kufuneka athathe amanyathelo anokwenzeka kwaye alungileyo ukunyusa isikhundla kwaye enze kuqhube ukusetyenziswa kwezi lwimi" (uMthetho 108 ka 1996, iphepha lesi-4). Ukusekwa kwee-LRDCs linyathelo elinokwenzeka kwaye elilungileyo.
Okuhle okuya kwenzeka ngokusekwa kwee-LRDCs iya kuba kukudalwa kwemisebenzi emitsha ezinzileyo okungenani eli-135 kwixesha leminyaka emi-3, oko ke kuphelisa intswela-ngqesho kunye nobuhlwempu kuluntu olufuna ungenelo lukarhulumente. Iimbono ezimbi ezijoliswe kwiilwimi zemveli ziyakutshintsha ngenxa yombono wokuba urhulumente unophuhliso oluhle kwezi lwiimi.
Kumbono omhle ngokwembali owenzekileyo kwisiNgesi nesiBhulu, akukho khuselo kufuneka lubekwe phambili olujoliswe kumandla kunye nezibonelelo ezinqongopheleyo kwiilwimi zemveli ezilithoba ezisemthethweni. Apho kufanelekileyo, ezinye iilwimi zemveli kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe ziyakuqukwa kumsebenzi wokuphuhlisa. Oku kuyakulungiselela iinjongo ezimbini zokuphakamisa iilwimi ezininzi ezisebenzayo kwelinye icala, kwaye zinyuse unxulumano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nentsebenziswano kwelinye icala.
Injongo enganeno yala maZiko iya kuba kukutshintsha iimbono ezondeleyo ezijoliswe kwiillwimi zemveli - iimbono ezinyanzela izenzo kunye nemibono yokungalingani (ngenxa yokunqongophala okanye ubunkenenkene bexabiso lezoqoqosho oluhamba nezi lwimi). Ngokuqhuba iiprojekithi zeelwimi ezinoncedo olunokusebenziseka kuluntu olubanzi, ii-LRDCs ziyakuba nako ukufaka isandla ngqo ekuphunyezwenikweenjongo ezibanzi zotshintsho luthelekiswa nokwakhiwa kwesizwe kunye nokudalwa kobutyebi busenzelwa bonke abemi.
La maziko ngumongo wokwakhiwa kweziko ofunekayo ekuphunyezweni okunempumelelo kwenkqubo-sikhokelo yomgaqo-nkqubo weeLwimi weSizwe kunye nayo yonke imithetho enxulumeneyo, ingakumbi kumgangatho wamaphondo. Kwintsebenziswano enkulu ne-PanSALB kunye namasebe obugcisa nenkcubeko kumaphondo, i-NLS iyakuqinisekisa ukuba kukho indlela nentsebenziswano efanelekileyo yayo yonke imisebenzi eyenzelwe ukuba ixhase kwaye ifake isandla kuphunyezo lomgaqo-nkqubo weelwimi ezininzi kwilizwe lonke. Kucingelwa ukuba bonke abadlali bendima bayakuyamkela ngokuhlanganyelana imfanelo yokujonga ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo eyahlukeneyo yophando nophuhliso eyakufuna ukuphumeza iqondo eliphezulu leelwimi ezininzi ngendlela engabiziyo kwaye ngelona xesha lifutshane. Esekwe kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, amaZiko ayakuxhamla kubugcisa osele bukhona kumaziko angawodwa. Ayakudala kwakhona uthungelwano olubalulekileyo lwezinto ezizimeleyo ezabelana ngeenjongo ezifanayo ezingqinelanayo nezinto ezibalulekileyo njengoko kubekiwe kwi-NLPF.
Ukuphuhlisa ngokusebenzayo iilwimi ezisemthethweni zemveli ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo nguwonke-wonke kwimimandla ebalulekileyo efana nomthetho, urhwebo, inzululwazi, ezopolitiko, imfundo njl njl.
Ukubhexesha kunye nokukhulisa amalinge okuphakamisa ukubhalwa kweelwimi zemveli ngeendlela zokolula imibutho yababhali ethile, ukubhexesha iisemina kunye neentlanganiso zeengxoxo zababhali, njl.
Kucacile xa kujongwa kwiinjongo ezingasentla ukuba isikowupi somsebenzi we-LRDCs mkhulu, ufuna ukuyilwa ngocoselelo kunye nokubekwa kwezibonelelo zezakhiwo eziyakuvumela ukukhula nokwanda ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokungqinelana nemimiselo eyenziwe kuMgaqo-siseko ngokweelwimi zemveli ezisemthethweni, amaZiko oPhando noPhuhliso lweeLwimi alithoba aya kusekwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba iziko elinye liyakunikezelwa ekuphuhliseni kolwimi ngalunye lwemveli olusemthethweni. Iziko ngalinye lolwimi liyakuba neeyunithana liyakuba nomthamo oya kuhambelana neenjongo kunye nemisebenzi yalo. AmaZiko aya kusekwa kwezo ndawo ngokwembali yamaziko ebehlelelekile (historically disadvantaged institutions) (HDI's) emfundo ephakamileyo kunye nokuguquka apho kucingelwa khona ukuba kukho imfuneko. Kucingelwa ukuba urhulumente uyakungena kubudlelwane namaziko apho ii-LRDCs zimiswe khona.
Okubalulekileyo ekwakheni sisimo solungiselelo lokwakhiwa kolungiselelo lwee- LRDCs ngumbono wokuba ukuphindeka kwemisebenzi kuya kufuneka kuphetshwe kangangoko. Imisebenzi iyakufezekisa kuphela leyo sele isenziwa kwenye indawo. Ingxoxo eneenkcukacha zemisebenzi iqulethwe kwicandelo lesi-6 ngasezantsi.
Kumabakala okuqala, iimfuno zesakhiwo seZiko ziyakuba ncinane kakhulu. Ngokwesitafu, ummiselo owenziwe ngasezantsi uthathwa njengokona kwakhiwa kusisiseko kuyimfuneko ukuze kuqalwe.
Iya kuba luxanduva lomLawuli ulawulo lwemihla ngemihla kunye nemisebenzi yeZiko. UmLawuli uyakuzibika kwiKomiti eLawula iZiko enoMbhalisi ziFundo Academic Registrar, iNtloko yeSebe okanye yesiKolo seLwimi zesiNtu. iGosa eliyiNtloko leziMali leZiko, iSinethi/ilungu leBhunga, umhlohli omnye ophezulu okanye/kunye nonjingalwazi omnye ovela kwiSikolo seeLwimi/iCandelo lezobuGcisa/Humanities ngokunjalo neNtloko yeYunithi yeeLwimi yePhondo. IKomiti eLawula iZiko iya kuba phantsi kolawulo lweKomiti yeSizwe eCebisayo. Le komiti iya kuba nabameli abasuka kwiSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko Department of Arts and Culture DAC, PanSALB, ne-SABC, iSebe lezoNxibelelwano, kunye namasebe esizwe nawamaphondo iiyunithi zeelwimi I-DAC iyakuchophela iintlanganiso zeKomiti kwaye isebenze njengequmrhu loonobhala kwiKomiti yeSizwe eCebisayo National Advisory Committee NACO.
Ukubandakanyeka kaweNtloko yeYunithi yeeLwimi yePhondo kwiKomiti eLawula iZiko kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ii-MECs zephondo ziyaziswa ngemisebenzi yeZiko kunye nokuba umdla wephondo kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo zivela kakuhle kwimisebenzi yeZiko. AbaLawuli bamaZiko bayawukwenza ingxelo ngezigaba zamaxesha kwiQumrhu leSizwe leeLwimi - iQumrhu elimele umthelelani elinawo onke amasebe esizwe kunye nawamaphondo kuqukwa ne-PanSALB. Eli qumrhu liyakucebisa iKomiti yobuGcisa (Technical Committee) ne-MINMEC kuyo yonke imigaqo-nkqubo yeelwimi kunye nemicimbi yokuphumeza.
AmaZiko aya kuba ziziqinisi zazo zonke iinkqubo zophando nophuhliso lweelwimi ngokuba anike impendulo kwiimfuno zoluntu oluntetho zahlukeneyo, ngexa kwangaxesha nye ayakunika amasebe karhulumente zonke izixhobo zokubhexesha zeelwimi ezifunekayo ukuphumeza umgaqo-nkqubo ngempumelelo. Ukusuka kwisindululo esisisiseko sengxoxo sokuba amasebe amaphondo karhulumente yimfanelo yawo ukuphumeza umgaqo-nkqubo, kuyabaluleka ukuqonda ukuba iiyunithi zeelwimi zikurhulumente ngeke zibe naso isikhundla, izakhono kunye nobugcisa bokuphuhlisa zonke iimveliso kunye nezixhobo zokufezekisa iinkonzo ngazo zoli-11 ilwiimi ezisemthethweni. Kwilizwe ngokubanzi, indima yeedyunivesiti ingakumbi iye yaziswa ekuxhaseni uphuhliso lokulungelelanisa izixhobo ezifunwa ngurhulumente ukuphumeza umgaqo-nkqubo. Isikowupu sokusebenza ke ngoko siyakujolisa ekunyusweni kwelwimi, amafa, oovimba kunye neemyuziyam, iinkqubo zokufikelela kuluntu, uphando nolwakhiwo. Inye kwezi ixoxwe ngokweenkcukacha ngasezantsi.
njengayo yonke imisebenzi, ummandla wolwimi ufuna amagosa aqeqeshwe ngokupheleleyo anezakhono ezininzi, ulwazi nobugcisa. Oku ngundoqo apha luqeqesho kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo lwabasebenzi ngeelwimi ekufuneka bavele ngokubalasela kumacandelo awohlukeneyo, umzekelo, isigama, uguqulo, utoliko, ukuhlela kunye ne-human language technologies. Ukwenzela ukuvelisa iinkonzo ezinobulunga kula macandelo kwezo lwimi bezihlelelekile ngaphambili, kubalulekile ukolula isiseko solwimi kunye nezakhono kwabo basebenzi ngeelwimi sele besebenza ukuze babenako okwaneleyo kokusebenza ngamacandelo olwazi ebebethintelwe kulo ngenxa yokunqongophala kobugcisa okanye yimbali yaphambi kwedemokhrasi.
Ngokusetyenziswa kweelwimi zemveli ukuphucula ukufezekiswa kweenkonzo okukona kubalulekileyo kurhulumente, kukho imfuno eninzi yoguqulo, utoliko kunye neenkonzo zokuphuhlisa isigama. Iya kuba ngumsebenzi wee-LRDCs ke ukufumana ubugcisa obunjalo, ukwakha uthungelwano lweengcali ezinjalo ukuba zibhexeshe iinkqubo zangaphakathi zabasebenzi kunye nokuba bafake isandla kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zedyunivesiti ukwenza ukuba izifundo zibaluleke kwaye zifaneleke kwishishini leelwimi. Injongo kukuhlanganisa ubugcisa, izakhono, ulwazi kwiimfuneko zomsebezni yabasebenzi ngeelwimi.
Ukongeza ekwakheni isikhundla sokuqinisekisa ubulunga beenkonzo zeelwimi, amaZiko ayakudlala indima enkulu kummandla "ulwimi kuphuhliso lwengqiqo". Le iya kuba yiprojekithi yexesha elide ebandakanya uphando ekusetyenzisweni kweelwimi zemveli ngenjongo zokufunda. Isikowupu siyakusuka kumabanga aphantsi, siye kumabanga aphezulu ukuya kumgangatho wamaziko emfundo ephakamileyo kwaye uphando luyakukhokelela kwezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo zokufunda kunye nokufundisa kunikwa ingqalelo ekuvelisweni 'kwezichazi magama ezikhethekileyo". Ukuphuhliswa kwesigama esisekelwe kwimimandla ebalulekileyo yekharityhulam nayo iya kwenziwa ukuba ibe yeyokuqala. Apho amaziko aneziFundo zoChola-cholo ndaba kunye noNxibelelwano, kuyakulindeleka ukuba iZiko labelane ngezibonelelo, okunokuqatshelwa ngokwemiqathango yokuveliswa kwezibonelelo zokushicilela, ukuveliswa kwevidiyo, i-edutainment, njl.njl. Iindleko kwiZiko ngokuphathelene noku ziyakuncitshiswa kuba ukuveliswa kwezibonelelo kunokwenza inxenye yeeprojekithi/ukufundiswa umsebenzi komfundi.
La maZiko asekwe kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, aya kunxulumana namasebe karhulumente kumaziko agcinileyo apho asekelwe khona ngokuphathelene namaphulo ophando eelwimi amasebe abandakanyekayo kuwo kunye nalawo aceba ukuwaqhuba ngokuhlanganyelana neZiko.
Iiprojekithi zophando ziyakunxulumana kwiimfuno zamacandelo karhulumente kunye nawabucala. Umzekelo, uphando lunokwenziwa ukuqonda izinto ezibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwesigama. Ezinye zeelwini zesiNtu ebezingasiwa so ngaphambili zinokuba nemfuno engxamisekileyo yesigama kumamndla wezifundo othile ezifana nezolimo, apho ezinye iilwimi ezinkulu ezifana nesiZulu sele zisiphuhlisile isigama.
Uphando olunokuqhutyelwa icandelo labucala lunokuquka uphando lokuqonda ukuba ishishini labucala lingagqwesa kanjani na ukuphakamisa iimveliso zalo. Umzekelo, i-LRDC inokuqhuba uphando lokuqonda imigangatho yokufunda, kunye neendaba apho imarike eninzi ekujoliswe kuyo ifikelelayo. Ukuba kukho izinga elikhulu lokungafundi, umxhasi ke ngoko uyakucetyiswa ukuba apapashe kunomathotholo, kwaye ingakumbi kwezo zikhululo zoonomathotholo zichongiweyo.
Umsebenzi obalulekileyo we-LRDCs iya kuba kukumisa ifdatabase yophando. IZiko ngalinye liya kuqokelela ulwazi osele lufumaneka kwaye olubalulekileyo kulo, njengobalo lwengqokelela yamanani ento ethile, uphando ngolwabiwo lweelwimi kwilizwe lonke, njl.njl.. Ezi database zinokusetyenziswa ukuphendula izicelo ezikhawulezileyo ezifuna ulwazi ezivela kubaxhasi, kunye nokuphuhlisa iimveliso zophando ezinokusetyenziswa luluntu lololwimi olusetyenzelwa liZiko, amanye amaZiko kunye nabanye abasebenzi ngeelwimi.
Umkhwa wokufunda eMzantsi jikelele uyalambatha. Isimo siyothusa xa ujonga kwiilwimi zesintu. Iingxoxo ezininzi ziye zaqhutywa ukucacisa inghxaki. Ziqala kumathala eencwadi angenazixhobo zaneleyo, ukunqongophala kweencwadi ezikolweni, amaziko amathala eencwadi angafikelekiyo/angafumanekiyo, amazinga aphezulu okungafundi, iincwadi zoncwadi ezingenzi mdla/ezingenamtsalane, ukuya ekunqongophaleni kwezinto ezenza umtsalane/amabhaso kubabhali, kunye nomdla ophelayo nokungaziboni ngeliso elihle iilwimi zesiNtu.
Ngeenjongo ezingundoqo zamaZiko eeLwimi zokufuna ukutshintsha ukubona ngeliso elibi illwimi zemveli, esi simo ngeke sivunywe ukuba siqhubeke. Ngokwenyani, ungenelo olungamandla kufuneka lwenziwe kusetyenziswa iindlela ezininzi . Ukusilela ukukwenza oko kuyakuphazamisana kwaye kubeke endaweni embi ukuphunyezwa koMgaqo-nkqubo weeLwimi weSizwe. Elinye lamanyathelo okuqala ekufuneka lithathwe ngamaZiko kukuseka intsebenziswano nemibutho yababhali kunye nayo nayiphi na eminye imibutho engekho ngaphantsi kukarhulumente esebenza kunye nemibutho yababhali okanye ababhali abangabodwa. Injongo iya kuba kukuqonda okukhona okufumanekayo kunye nokolula apho kukho khona imfuneko. Iintlanganiso zeengxoxo kunye neesemina zababhali ziya kuba ziindlela ezibalulekileyo zokuphumeza le njongo.
Ngamaphulo okwenza ukuba kuqondwe iilwimi, imisebenzi yokuchola-chola iindaba kufuneka nayo iukhuthazwe. AmaZiko kuyakufuneka ukuba asebenze ngokuhlanganyelana namaziko anika izifundo zokuchola-chola iindaba, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi abaninzi abaneziqinisekiso kwiilwimi zesintu baqeqeshelwa ukubhala kunye nokwenza ingxelo ngeelwimi zesintu. umzekelo, ngokuphathelene namaphepha-ndaba abhalwayo, kwiilwimi zesiNtu ezilithoba, IsiZulu siso sodwa esinamaphepha-ndaba agcweleyo - apapashwa mihla le kuthethwa nge-Iso Lezwe kunye nakabini ngeveki xa kuthethwa nge-Ilanga lase Natala. IsiXhosa sinesihlomelo kwiphepha-ndaba lesiNgesi elipapashwa kuphela eMpuma-Koloni. Isihlomelo sesiXhosa siphuma kuphela kanye ngeveki kumaphepha-ndaba i-Daily Dispatch ne-Herald. Kule mizekelo kucacile ukuba abantu abaninzi eMzantsi Afrika abangakwaziyo ukusifunda okanye basiqonde isiNgesi abalunikwa ulwazi olubalulekileyo ngoba abakwazi ukufikelela kumaphepha abhalwe kwaye apapashwa ngeelwimi zabo.
Ngokuphathelene nokubhala, inani elininzi lababhali bagxile kakhulu kuveliso lwencwadi zesikolo. Kukho imfuno emandla yokukhuthaza ukubhala ngazo zonke iilwimi kubhalelwa abafundi abohlukeneyo. Njengento eyenza umtsalane abachola-choli (SABC namaphepha-ndaba) banokubandakanyeka kuyilo nasekuququzelelweni kokhuphiswano, okulindelekileyo ibe kukuba oku kuyakukhuthaza ababhali ngokungaphaya. Iincwadi/amanqaku/izibongo eziphumelelayo, njl.njl. zinokudlalwa kwiinkqubo zedrama zikamabonakude, amabali kanomathotholo, amanqaku amaphepha-ndaba, Imisebenzi enjalo ingenza inkxaso yemali eninzi kumaZiko kwakhona isebenze njengomthombo obalulekileyo wengeniso yababhali namagcisa.
Uchola-cholo lwendaba ezibhalwa phantsi lungakhuthazwa ukuba lupapashe amaphepha-ndaba/amacandelo amaphepha-ndaba ngaphezulu kolwimi olunye ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela kumagama abhalisiweyo. Izaziso zikarhulumente ingakumbi kufuneka zenziwe ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezikhethwe ngamaphondo. Oku kungadala inani lamathuba emisebenzi kubaguquli nabahleli abafunde iiLwimi zesiNtu. Oku kunokubonisa ukuba mandundu malunga neelwimi ezininzi kwicala likarhulumente, ingakumbi kwimigangatho yamaphondo kunye noorhulumente beengingqi, ngokuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi luyafikeleleka kubo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. IiKomiti zeeLwimi zamaPhondo zinokudlala indima enkulu yokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho intsebenziswano kweli phulo. Kuyathenjwa ukuba lo mzamo uyakuzisa into ebambekayo kunye nento enokwenzeka kwiinzame zikarhulumente zokuphucula, ngoncwadi kubantu abaninzi, isikhundla sentlalo-qoqosho solo luntu belungasiwa so ngaphambili kumaphondo.
Onke amaZiko kuyakufuneka ukuba abe neyunithi ezimiselwe ukushicilela amabali, iintsomi, amavo nezaci, njl.njl. Abasebenzi ngaphandle/abaphandi abangasebenzi xesha lisisigxina kunokufunwa ukuba bafune abantu abadala kuluntu abanokuba ngabagcini bezibonelelo ezinjalo ezityebileyo, kwaye bashicilele amagama abo ngeenjongo zokufunda kunye nokugcina Lo msebenzi kufuneka wenziwe ngaphandle kokulibazisa, njengoko iqhalo lesintu libeka " Qho umntu omdala esweleka ithala leencwadi liyatsha". Kweli lizwe, lihlazo into yokuba kusondela kwiminyaka eli-10 yedemokhrasi yethu akukabikho nanye imyuziyam yeelwimi zesiNtu. Oku kubonakalisa enye yentshabalalo yobukoloniyali kunye nocalu-calulo. Zonke ezi - amabali ase-Afrika, iintsomi, amavo, izaci, njl. Njl. bezisoloko ziyeyona ndlela yokudlulisa inkcubeko yethu, ubuntu, namasiko ukusuka kwisizukulwana ukuya kwisizukulwana. Ukuthintela ukuba abantu bemveli balahlekelwe kukuzazi kwabo ngokupheleleyo, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo ngoko nagoko okuvuna olu lwazi kuluntu lwethu oluntetho zahlukeneyo.
Kwakhona, abasebenzi ngaphandle kuyakufunwa ukuba bakhangele abo Bantu badala kuluntu abasebenza njangabagcini bembali yomlomo. Imbali enjalo ifuna ukufundwa ize itolikwe ngaphandle kokuba yehliselwe kuso nasiphi na isikhundla esisezantsi, ngenxa yendlela yayo yokuba yeyomlomo. Kwisiphikiso, iindlela zangoku zomlomo kufuneka ziphuhliswe ezizakondla kwaye zolule inkcubeko yethu umbuzo wokutsha okuvelileyo kwinkcubeko yomlomo yileyo enokulungiswa ngomgangatho wokuba ifundwe ngamaZiko, kwakhona eya kuba sisiseko sexesha elide eya kugcina umzila wezinto ezintsha ezivelayo njengoko zisenzeka kwilizwe ngokubanzi.
Okubalulekileyo, amaZiko, ayakujonga kwakhona imiba yamalungelo okushicilela ombhali - ingakumbi kuncwadi lwamasiko omlomo. Ukubhalwa kweentsomi ngoku sele kulishishini kodwa ngelishwa, lishishini eliye laba nenzuzo kubantu abangazithethiyo iilwimi zemveli zesiNtu. Oku kuye kwenzeka njalo kuba ayingabo bonke abathethi beelwimi zesiNtu abakwaziyo ukubhala, ukuba banako, umdla wokupapasha ngowezithethi zezinye iilwimi. Iziphumo iye yaba kukuba amabali omlomo aye ashicilela kwizithethi zeelwimi zemveli ebezingakwazi nokubhala kwaye zange zibulelwe njengemithombo yolwazi lwemveli okanye babuyekezwe. Amalungelo okushicilela ombhali kwiintsomi esele zapapashwa anikwa abantu abangasizizo izithethi zeelwimi zemveli. Ke ngoko kubalulekile ukuba amaZiko aqhube uphando kulo mba wolwazi lwethu lwemveli kwaye asebenze ngamalungelo okushicilela ombhali kunye neendlela zamalungelo epropati aya kukhusela ezi zibonelelo ekubeni zonakaliswe. Amalungelo okushicilela ombhali makasale eligunya elisemthethweni loMzantsi Afrika kusenzeka oko ngamaZiko eeLwimi. UmThetho wamaLungelo ombhali okushicilela, umThetho oyiNombolo yama-98 ka-1978, uyakuvuselelwa kwakhona ukukhusela imisebenzi yoncwadi, yomculo neyobugcisa kunye nokushicilelwa kwezandi zeentsomi ezibaliswayo.
Enye yeenjongo zamaZiko kukuphakamisa kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi zemveli. Imeko yentlalo-qoqosho kunye neyopolitiko yangaphambili eMzantsi Afrika, ukusukela apho ilizwe lalilawulwa ligcuntswana labamhlophe kufake isandla kakhulu ekungasiweni so kweeLwimi zesiNtu kwimigangatho yoluntu eyahlukeneyo. NgeNkqubo-sikhokelo yoMgaqo-nkqubo weeLwimi weSizwe omtsha, urhulumente uphakamise indlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphucula isikhundla kunye nokusetyenziswa kweelwimi zesintu. Esi sinokuba sisifundo esizoyisayo ukuba ngaba abantu beelwimi ababandakanyeki kwiziqalo zokuphuhlisa iilwimi.
Imfuno kunye nexabiso lokuqeqeshelwa uNcwadi eMzantsi Afrika igxininiswe ngokungaphaya. AmaZiko aya kuqala iinkqubo zokufikelela ukwenzela ukuzisa uncwadi kuluntu. Uqeqesho lunokohlulwa ngezigaba ezithathu, i Uqeqesho olusisiseko loncwadi, ii oluphakathi, kunye iii noqeqeshe oluphezulu loncwadi.
Njengoko amaZiko eeLwimi eza kumiswa kumaZiko emfundo ephakamileyo, baya kuba nako ukuthethathethana namaziko abakuwo kwaye badibanise imizamo yabo ekunikeni izifundo ezingundoqo zeelwimi kubantu abangathethi ziLwimi zesiNtu. Kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo into yokuba ukusetyenziswa kweeLwimi zesiNtu kufuneka kukhuthazwe hayi nje phakathi koluntu olumnyama kodwa nakubantu baseNtshona, Asia akunye nolunye uluntu eMzantsi Afrika.
Esi siqalo siyakukhawulezisa ukuphuhliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweelwimi zemveli eMzantsi Afrika kunye nalapho kukho khona imfuneko, naphesheya. Umzekelo, i-US inamakhonkco nezinye iiDyunivesiti eMzantsi Afrika ekunyuseni ekufundweni kunye nakuphando lwesiZulu. Abafundi bachitha amaxesha kula maziko kwaye bade baqonde iinkcubeko ngokunjalo. Iinkqubo zotshintshiselwano ezinjalo zinokolulwa kwaye zandiswe ngendlela emiselweyo.
Kumxholo wosondelelwano lwamazwe, uMzantsi Afrika ngokukhawuleza nje udlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba aBemi boMzantsi Afrika ngokobuninzi babo bafunde iilwimi "zangaphandle/zamazwe ngamazwe", hayi nje ukuba kutolikwe ekhaya kodwa kunikwe amathuba anentsingiselo phesheya, kwiimishini zethu zangaphandle, oorhulumente abasebenzisanayo, njl. Njl.. ISebe leMicimbi yangaPhandle lelona sebe ekukuphela kwalo eliqeqesha amagosa kwiilwimi zamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa ke kusekwakho imfuno enkulu yezakhono zeelwimi ezinjalo, umzekelo, iSebe leMicimbi yezeKhaya:uRhwebo neMveliso; SANDF; iMicimbi yoKhenketho nokusiNgqongileyo. Iinkqubo zemfundo ezingaphaya kufuneka zifikeleleke kuBemi boMzantsi Afrika ngokuphathelene noku kwaye amaziko ahlanganise izibonelelo kunye nobugcisa ukwenza ukuba oku kufezeke.
Amaziko emfundo ephezulu axela ukwehla kwinani labafundi ababalasela ngelwiimi zesiNtu. Ukuzama ukuhlangabezana noku, ii- LRDCs zinokudlala indima ekukhuthazeni abafundi ukuba bafunde iilwimi zesiNtu ngenjongo yokwenza imisebenzi abafuna ukuyilandela efana nokufundisa iilwimi (ukusuka kumabanga asezantsi ukuya kumaziko emfundo ephezulu); uguqulo notoliko, izifundo zonxibelelwano (kuqukwa ukupapasha kunye nokuchola-chola iindaba), kunye nezobugcisa nokuzonwabisa (umzekelo. Ababhali bemidlalo yeqonga, unomathotholo, kunye nemidlalo kamabonakude). Kuba amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo sele ezifundisa ezi zinto ii- LRDCs ngeke zibe nako ukuzifundisa ngokwazo, zinokudibana namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo ngokunika inkxaso (imali yokuxhasa okanye imali yokufunda) kubafundi abanqwenela ukufunda kule mimandla. Inkxaso enjalo inokudityaniswa ekwakhiweni kwamathuba oqeqesho olungumfuniselo (ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi) olwenza ukuba abafundi bakwazi ukufumana amava okusebenza afunekayo kwimimandla yabo abayikhethileyo mhlawumbi kwii- LRDCs kunye nakumaziko aphakamileyo bekwenza oko nge-LRDCs, kwiiprojekithi ezisekelwe kuluntu kunya nakwicandelo labucala. Izifundo ezinxulumene nolwimi zinokukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwezibonelelo zokufunda kunye nokufundisa kwiilwimi zesiNtu ukuphakamisa ukufundisa kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Ezi zibonelelo zinokuveliswa kwakhona ngokuqhuba kwezi zifundo.
Phakathi kwezinto ezibalulekileyo iya kuba kukwakha izakhiwo kunye nokufuna izibopelelo zoluntu namandla aifunekayo, kuqukwa nezakhiwo zonxibelelwano nezedatabase. Uthotho lophando olulingwayo luyawukwaziswa kummandla waMafa, uNyuso loLwimi kunye nokuFikelela kuluNtu. AmaZiko aya kukhokelwa lucebiswano kwimigangatho yamaphondo ukuqonda izinto ezibalulekileyo, iimfuno nomdla wabantu abadlala indima, ingakumbi kurhulumente wengingqi.
Ukuyila inkqubo mgomo yawo yonke imimandla ekujoliswe kuyo (iindlela zohlobo nezinobuninzi).
Ukuqhuba umsebenzi wangaphandle, ukucalula nokutolika idata.
Ukuphuhlisa iiprojekithi ezifikelelekayo, ezichazwe ngokucacileyo, ezinenkqubo migomo echaziweyo/ ukuhanjiswa kunye nokuxatyiswa.
Ukucela iiprojekithi kwiSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko ukuba zenziwe ezibalulekileyo ukuba kuqalwe ngazo, zamkelwe kunye nenkxaso.
Ukukhawulezisa ukuphuhliswa komsebenzi wesigama osele usendleleni.
Ixesha ngumongo xa kujongwa indima yamaZiko.
Ukufuna abaxhasi kunye nokuxhaswa kunatyiswa iiprojekithi kweminye iminyaka yamaphondo.
Ukuphuhlisa i-database ebanzi kumsebenzi wokunyusa/wokuphuhlisa. Le database iyawukwenziwa ukuba ifumaneke kwamanye amaqabane anokubakhona afana namasebe karhulumente, iinkokheli zoluntu, ii-NGO, kunye namanye amaziko. Kubonakala ngathi i-database ayiyi kuba naxabiso kuhlolo olungaphaya kuhlolo olungaphaya, ukwenziwa kweeprojekithi ezintsha kunye nolungiselelo lwe-data echanekileyo apho umgaqo-nkqubo owazisiweyo kwingingqi kunye, nokunganeno, kumgangatho wesizwe inokuphuhliswa.
Ngezakhiwo ezidityanisiweyo kunye nezikhundla ezisekiweyo, imisebenzi iyakukhutshwa ngesantya esikhulu kunye nokwanela.
Ukunabisela imisebenzi kunye neeprojerkithi emaphandleni. Oku kuya kwenza ukusekwa kwamazikwana apho iiprojekithi zemimandla ethile ziyakwaziswa kwaye zigcinwe khona.
Ukwenzela ukulawula kunye nokugcina amazikwana anjalo, amaZiko ayintloko kuyakufuneka olulwe/andiswe. Ubunjani kunye nobungakanani bolwandiso olunjalo, luyakucaca kuphela ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye kuyawukwaziwa ngeziphumo zophando, izinga lokuphumelela kweprojekithi kunye nokuvunywa kwangaphambili lisebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko kunye namaqabane alo kumaphondo.
Ukusekwa kwee-LRDCs kuya kuba lixabiso elikhulu ekuqhubeleni phambili iinjongo zomgaqo-siseko ngokuphathelene nokuphumeza injongo yokulingana kweelwimi eMzantsi Afrika. Ekuzimiseleni ukutshintsha isikhundla sentlalo seelwimi zolo luntu ngokweelwimi beluhlelelekile ngaphambili ukwenzela ukuba zilingane nesiNgesi nesiBhulu okanye nezinye iilwimi esele zizinze kumazwe ngamazwe, amaZiko oPhando noPhuliso lweeLwimi njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo aya kuba ngumthombo omkhulu wokwazisa.
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Imithetho yokulandelelana yenzelwe ukuba inciphise imiphumela emibi ebangwa kukufa kwimfezeko yosapho. Umthetho ke ngoko ufuna ukukhusela izinto eziphathekayo ezizidingo zabo bebesondele kulowo ungasekhoyo. Ngokujonga kwindlela izinto eziguquke ngayo phakathi koluntu nakuqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika, eyona njongo yeli Phepha leNgxoxo kukulungisa umthetho wesiko wokulandelelana ukuze ulungele iintsapho zale mihla.
Ngeli xa uMgaqo-siseko ufuna kuhlonitshwe ilifa elisemthethweni lobu-Afrika, uyaxela kwakhona ukuba ilungelo lenkcubeko, njengoko kukho umthetho wesiko, lihamba nelungelo lokuphathwa ngokufanayo. Kwakhona, ngenxa yokuba ilungelo lokuphathwa ngokufanayo lisebenza kubudlelwane bangasese babantu, nayiphi na imiqathango yomthetho wesiko lokulandelelana ebonisa umkhethe ongafanelekanga ngokubhekiselele kwisini, ubuni, ubudala okanye ukuzalwa kufuneka itshintshwe.
Okwangoku uMzantsi Afrika wamkela ebuncinaneni imixokelelwano emibini eyahlukeneyo yokulandelelana: umthetho ongabhalwanga (kunye nemimiselo ewulungisayo) kwanemithetho yesiko esondeleyo. Imiqathango emininzi yesiko esetyenziswa ziinkundla ngoku, ayikhabani kuphela nomthetho-siseko wokuphathwa ngokulinganayo, kodwa ikwachasene nokwenziwayo entlalweni. Endaweni yokuzama ukubumba ngokutsha umthetho wesiko, kungasetyenziswa omnye umthetho endaweni yomthetho ongabhalwanga. Njengokuba esi sisombululo siya kunika umthetho omnye wokulandelelana kwilizwe lonke, kufuneka singasetyenziswa singaqwalwaselwanga nzulu kuba amanye amaqela ezenkcubeko asenokungavumi ukunikezela amafa awo asemthethweni. Ukugcina umgaqo wamacala amabini kwamkela icala elisemthethweni nenkcubeko engafaniyo yoMzantsi Afrika, inyaniso ke uMgaqo-siseko ofuna siyihloniphe.
Xa kusagcinwe imithetho yokulandelelana eyahlukeneyo, kuya kufuneka imiqathango exelayo ukuba usebenza nini na umthetho wesiko okanye umthetho ongabhalwanga kwezo meko. Ikhomishoni yoMthetho kwiphulo layo lokuDibanisa uMthetho ongabhalwanga noMthetho weMveli: Iimpixano zoMthetho yacebisa ukuba kubunjwe ngokutsha imiqathango yomthetho ekhoyo. Ikhomishoni yayinoluvo lokuba le miqathango inzima kwaye isekwe kwiinqobo ezingasangeni ndawo. Enye yezi nqobo- uhlobo lomtshato lalowo ungasekhoyo - ingasetyenziswa njengesikhokelo kumthetho osebenzayo, kuba ilula kwaye kukwalula ukuyisebenzisa kodwa uhlobo lomtshato ayiyondlela ethembekileyo epheleleyo yenkcubeko yomntu; kwaye apho umntu ebengatshatanga ayincedi nto. Ukukwazi ukujika-jika kuyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba nokuba kusetyenziswe wuphi na umthetho, uya kubonisa inkcubeko yalowo ungasekhoyo.
Ukukhethwa koMthetho phantsi kweNgqokelela yemithetho yaKwaZulu Natala, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomtshato okanye kwinto yokuba ongasekhoyo akazange ashiye indlalifa eyindoda. Nale imiqathango kufuneka ilungiswe.
Umthetho wesiko wokulandelelana , kuhlelo lwawo olusemthethweni, ubonisa umkhethe ngokubhekiselele kubafazi nabafana. Kuyavunywa ukuba indlalifa inomsebenzi wokugcina abo bebexhomekeke kulowo ungasekhoyo, kwaye, ngokwamandla alo msebenzi, kuthiwa umthetho wesiko uyahambelana noMthetho oYilwayo waMalungelo. Phofu, umthetho awusenamandla okuzuza eyona njongo iphambili yasentlalweni, ekukuxhasa umlingane womtshato ophilayo walowo ungasekhoyo nabantwana ngezinto eziphathekayo. Ixesha lifikile ngoku lokuba kulungiswe imiqathango yesiko enomkhethe ngokwesini, ubudala nokuzalwa kwaye kunikwe usapho lwalowo ungasekhoyo amalungelo okhuseleko.
Le njongo ingazuzwa ngokuba kusetyenziswe uMthetho wokuLandelelana kuNgayolelwanga(wama-81 wowe-1987) kuwo onke amafa nokuba lowo ungasekhoyo ebephantsi komthetho wesiko. Ukuba icandelo 1 (b) loMthetho liyarhoxiswa, amacandelo alandelayo aya kusebenza ukumisela indlela yokulandelelana kwiimeko apho kungekho myolelo tu okanye ungaphelelanga: icandelo 1 likhusela ilifa labalingane bomtshato abaphilayo nabantwana, xa bengekho, abazali nabantakwabo nezizalwane ezingasondelanga; icandelo 1 lithi ukungabingosemthethweni akuchaphazeli ozalana ngegazi ukuba azuze ilifa lalowo azalana naye ngegazi; icandelo1 (e)(i) lithi umntwana owamkelwe njengowosapho usisizukulwana sabo bazali bamamkeleyo.
Phantsi komthetho wesiko, izikhundla zobunkokeli bemveli zililifa ngokwemiqathango yobuzibulo kwicala lobudoda. Le miqathango isoloko ihlaselwa ngokungqubana nomthetho-siseko wentando yesininzi ofuna ukuba izikhundla zaseburhulumenteni zivuleleke kuye wonke ubani ngokhetho olukhululekileyo, olungenamkhethe ngokubhekiselele kwisini. Phofu ke akukho semgceni ukujongana nalo mbandela kuwiso-mthetho olujonge ukulungisa imeko yoqoqosho yabahlolokazi nabantwana. Ukuba ukusetyenziswa koMthetho wokuLandelelana kuNgayolelwanga kufuneka kwandisiwe, kufuneka kwenziwe amalungiselelo awodwa okuzikhuphela ngaphandle izikhundla zobunkokeli bemveli kwimigqaliselo yoMthetho.
Xa uMthetho wokuLandelelana kuNgayolelwanga usetyenziswa, umsebenzi osesikweni wendlalifa wokuqhuba isondla usapho longasekhoyo kufuneka urhoxiswe. Amagatya ngamagatya eNgqokelela yemithetho yaKwaZulu Natala kufuneka alungiswe ukuqinisekisa ukuba uMthetho usetyenziswa ngokufanayo kuMzantsi Afrika wonke.
Phantsi komthetho wesiko, iindlalifa zinoxanduva lamatyala onke alowo ungasekhoyo nokuba ilifa linee-asethi ezincinane kunamatyala. Xa sekuhlangatyezwene nezidingo zezinto eziphathekayo zosapho oluphilayo ngelungelo lobundlalifa, ubulungisa buya kucebisa ukuba uxanduva lwendlalifa ngokomthetho wesiko, ingakumbi olubhekisa kumatyala alowo ungasekhoyo maluphele. Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi koMthetho wokuLandelelana kuNgayolelwanga akusayi kukuchaphazela oku, kufuneka kwenziwe ulungiselelo olulodwa lokuba iindlalifa eziphantsi kwalo Mthetho mazingathwali uxanduva lwamatyala omntu ongasekhoyo ngokomthetho wesiko.
Ngenxa yokuba ngokwemveli abafazi bebengafane babenazinto okanye babenazikhundla, ngoko ke ukulandelelana kubafazi kumthetho wesiko kwakungabalulekanga kangako. Ngenxa yoko ke imiqathango yokwabiwa kwamafa amabhinqa yayiyekeyeke kwaye yahlukile kwimiqathango esebenza kumafa amadoda. Xa uMthetho wokuLandelelana kuNgayolelwanga usetyenziswa ngokubanzi, nayiphi imiqathango yomthetho wesiko ejongene ngqo nesini echasene noku iya kube iyarhoxiswa, kuba uMthetho usebenza ngaphandle kokubhekisa kwisini songasekhoyo.
Njengoko uMthetho wokuLandelelana kuNgayolelwanga umile, abalingane bomtshato abaphilayo bangazuza ilifa kuphela ukuba bangabonisa ukuba babetshate ngenene. Ukusebenza ngokungqongqo kwale mfuno ingazala ukukhutshwa ngaphandle kwabazuzi belifa abaninzi ingakumbi abo batshate phantsi komthetho wesiko, othanda ukushiya umba wezinga lomtshato untsokothile. UKwamkelwa koMthetho weMitshato yeSiko (we-120 wowe-1998) kuya kunika uncedo kubalingane abanobunzima bokunika ubungqina ngemitshato yabo, inxalenye yawo ithatha imitshato engabhaliswanga njengesemthethweni, ukuze inxalenye yawo iyamkele ngokupheleleyo yonke imitshato ekhoyo. Phofu ke, kunokwenzeka ukuba abalingane abafanele ukuzuza kwilifa basenokungathathwa 'njengabalingane bomtshato'. Umba 'womlingane womtshato ophilayo' kufuneka ucaciswe ukwenzela ukuba kuqukwe nabalingane beemanyano ezingacwangciswanga. Kufuneka ukhe usetyenzwe ngakumbi lo mba, ingakumbi kuba iKhomishoni yoMthetho seyinePhulo elingeNdibaniselwano yaseKhaya ejonge ukunika ingaciso ngeemanyano ezingacwangciswanga nemiphumela yazo esemthethweni.
Ngenxa yokuba uKwamkelwa koMthetho weMitshato yeSiko kuyamkela imitshato yesithembu, kufuneka kwenziwe ulungiselelo kuMthetho wokuLandelelana kuNgayolelwanga wokuba ilifa lizuzwe ngabafazi ababini okanye abangaphezulu balowo ungasekhoyo. Umfazi ngamnye kufuneka avunyelwe abenesabelo esilinganayo kwilifa.
Umlingane womtshato ophilayo kufuneka anikwe ilungelo lekhaya lomtshato nezinto ezikwelo khaya phantsi koMthetho wokuLandelelana kuNgayolelwanga. Zibini izizathu zokuba kucetyiswe ngolu hlobo. Okokuqala uMthetho wawenzelwe umtshato apho kudityaniselwanayo ngezinto, apho umlingane womtshato ophilayo aya kuthatha ngokulula isiqingatha selifa lomtshato. Kwimitshato yesiko, phofu, amadoda athatha ngokuba zonke ii-asethi zezawo, kangangokuba abafazi balahlekelwa yiyo yonke into ebebeze nayo emtshatweni. (Imitshato yeSiko iya kuba yeyokudibaniselana kuphela xa uKwamkelwa koMthetho weMitshato yeSiko kusebenza.) Okwesibini, uMthetho wokuLandelelana kuNgayolelwanga ungafuna ukwahlulwa kwelifa ngokwamaqhezu, indlela yokwaba ecinga ngelifa noko elikhulu, kukho inqanaba elithile lobutyebi. Amafa amancinci kufuneka agcinwe kakuhle ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kakuhle kobutyebi. Oku kuzuzwa kuMthetho ngomqathango othi abalingane banikwa ebuncinaneni isixa esili-R125,000. Kumlingane womtshato ophilayo, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwilifa, likhaya lomtshato nezinto ezikwelo khaya. Ukunqanda ukwahlulwa kwezi asethi, umlingane womtshato kufuneka abanelungelo eliqinisekisiweyo lelifa lendlu nezinto eziphakathi nokuba ezo mpahla ziyadlula kwiiR125,000 ngexabiso.
Ukuba iindlalifa zisencinane ukuba zithathele kuzo uxanduva lwelifa, kufuneka konyulwe umlawuli oza kujongana nelifa. Kumthetho wesiko, ukulawulwa kwelifa nokugcinwa kwendlalifa kwakunikezelwe ezandleni zomntu oyindoda omdala kusapho. Ngeli xa iinkundla zaziyixhasa imiqathango yesiko, zaye zangenelela ukuze zilawule ukususwa esikhundleni sabagcini ukwenzela ukulungisa ulawulo okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwamagunya kwaye zibachaze abantu abanokuza nala manyathelo. Uwiso-mthetho kufuneka ngoku lususe imiba yomkhethe ngokwesini xa kukhethwa abagcini kwaye lunike imiqathango ecacileyo ngemisebenzi yomgcini. Le mibandela ingaqhutywa kakuhle kwiPhulo leKhomishoni yoMthetho engoLawulo lwaMafa Abangasekhoyo.
Xa iintsapho zisenza iimanyano zokutshatiswa nomnye umntu kusoloko kukho into yokuba umfazi lowo uya kunyanzeleka amkele into angayifuniyo. Naxa uKwamkelwa koMthetho weMitshato yeSiko kuxela ukuba ukuvumelana kwabalingane bomtshato nguyena ndoqo kuyo yonke imitshato yesiko, iimanyano zokutshatiswa nomnye umntu zingangaphandle komhlaba woMthetho, kuba ayiyomitshato mitsha. Uwiso-mthetho olulodwa lokukhusela abalingane kwiimanyano ezinjalo alufuneki nganto kwaye nomthetho sele uyisekile into yokuba akukho manyano yesinyanzelo eyakwamkelwa.
Phantsi komthetho ongabhalwanga, wonke umntu unenkululeko yomyolelo ongarhoxiswanga. Abantu ababotshelelwe ngumthetho wesiko bafumana iindlela zokungazinanzi izinto ezingumdla kwiindlalifa ezingekho kumyolelo. Naxa le meko ingabonakala ingenabulungisa, igunya lokwenza imiyolelo belisoloko likho eMzantsi Afrika, ukulirhoxisa ke ngoku kubantu abaphantsi komthetho wesiko kungabonisa umkhethe.
Phantsi komthetho ongabhalwanga, abayoleli abamelanga kuwakhupha amafa abo kuxanduva lokugcina abalingane bomtshato nabantwana. Abantwana banelungelo lomthetho ongabhalwanga lokuba baxhaswe kwaye nabalingane bomtshato abaphilayo banelungelo elikwanjalo phantsi koMthetho wokuGcinwa kwaBalingane boMtshato abaPhilayo (wama-27 wowe-1990). Lo Mthetho uya kusebenza kubalingane bomtshato bemitshato yesiko xa uKwamkelwa koMthetho weMitshato yeSiko usebenza. Umbuzo ovelayo ngowokuba ingaba ukhuselo olungummiselo lomlingane womtshato nolwabantwana balowo ungasekhoyo kufuneka lwandiswe ukuze lufake nabathile abaxhomekekileyo njengabazali nabantakwabo abanokulindela inkxaso phantsi komthetho wesiko.
Iziqendwana 23 no zoMthetho woLawulo lwaBamnyama (wama-38 wowe-1927) uthintela ama-Afrika ukwaba ngomyolelo impahla zendlu okanye umhlaba ophantsi kwengqesho. Uluhlu lokuqala kufuneka lunikezelwe ngokomthetho wesiko lokulandelelana kungayolelwanga ukuze olulandelayo lunikezelwe ngokwemiqathango engummiselo (esekwe kumthetho wesiko). Ezi ziqendwana kufuneka zirhoxiswe ngezizathu ezithile, kuba azifikeleli kweyona njongo ephambili yokucutha inkululeko kumyolelo: ukukhusela abalingane bomtshato abaphilayo nabantwana.
Naxa ngokomthetho wesiko, kungekho mntu omnye onelungelo lobunini kwimpahla yosapho nomhlaba ngokunjalo, icandelo 23 loMthetho woLawulo lwaBamnyama uyayivumela imiyolelo eyaba ngezi ndlela zombini . Eli candelo lenza ubunzima ngokwasemthethweni ngoko ke kufuneka lirhoxiswe. Njengokuba kumthetho ongabhalwanga umntu esenokunikezelwa izinto zomnye umntu, nayiphi na inzame yokulawula ukwabiwa kwempahla yosapho ngomyolelo kubonakala kungafuneki nganto. Kungacingelwa ukuba, ukuba abayoleli benza imiyolelo enjalo, bajonge ekwabeni ngohlobo oluthandwe ngabo. Umhlaba ophantsi komthetho wesiko ngomnye umbandela, njengokuba indlela yesiko inika iintsapho, oogunyaziwe bemveli noluntu ngokubanzi umdla kumhlaba lowo. Kwezi meko, abayoleli abamelanga ngokomthetho-siseko bakhululeke ukwaba ngokwamalungelo abo.
Kwicala lomthetho wesiko, ukuba utata okanye umama utshintsha ugcino lomntwana omncinci ngomyolelo, igatya lifanele lingasebenzi, kuba eneneni umyoleli akanalungelo lokutshintsha. Uwiso-mthetho alufuneki nganto ukulungisa le ngxaki kuba uMthetho wokuGcinwa komntwana (we-192 wowe-1993) uthi bobabini abalingane bomtshato banamalungelo namagunya alinganayo kubantwana abancinci kwaye nakuphi na ukuthandatyuzwa kwelungelo likamama kuphendulwa ngokunqandwa komkhethe ngokwesini kwicandelo le-9 loMgaqo-siseko.
Ekuqiniseni uMthetho osaqulunqwayo iKhomishoni icela ukuba kwenziwe amagqabantshintshi kule mibuzo ilandelayo, emininzi yayo iye yavela xa bekuboniswana nezindlu zeeNkokeli zeMveli xa bebephendula kwiPhepha loMbandela lokuqala ngexesha lepalamente.
Phantsi komthetho ongabhalwanga, abayoleli abamelanga kuwakhupha amafa abo kuxanduva lokugcina abalingane bomtshato nabantwana. Abantwana banelungelo lomthetho ongabhalwanga lokuba baxhaswe kwaye nabalingane bomtshato abaphilayo banelungelo elikwanjalo phantsi koMthetho wokuGcinwa kwaBalingane boMtshato abaPhilayo (wama-27 wowe-1990). Lo Mthetho uya kusebenza kubalingane bomtshato bemitshato yesiko xa uKwamkelwa koMthetho weMitshato yeSiko kusebenza. Umbuzo ovelayo ngowokuba ingaba ukhuselo olungummiselo lomlingane womtshato nolwabantwana balowo ungasekhoyo kufuneka lwandiswe ukuze lufake nabathile abaxhomekekileyo njengabazali nabantakwabo abanokulindela inkxaso phantsi komthetho wesiko.
Intloko yosapho ngamanye amaxesha, ngexesha lokuphila kwayo iyayixela iminqweno yayo ngokubhekiselele ekwabiweni kwezinto ezithile kwimpahla emveni kokubhubha kwayo. Le nkqubo 'yokuphawula ngendlebe' iyamkelwa kwimixokelelwano emininzi yomthetho wesiko. Kuye kwacetyiswa ukuba ngenxa yezizathu zokuqinisekisa, ezo ntetho zomlomo kufuneka zibhalwe zisayinwe kuze zigcinwe ngugunyaziwe wemveli abeneekopi zosapho. Ingaba kufuneka umqathango onjalo ufakelwe kummiselo?
Umthetho wesiko ubungenamxokelelwano wokulandelelana komyolelo, kodwa ubuzivumela iindlalifa ukuba zohluthwe ilifa ukuze impahla ezo zinikwe amalungu athile osapho. Ibhunga losapho bekufuneka lizamkele ezi ntetho zomlomo eziya kusebenza xa kusweleke intloko yekhaya. Indlela ekusetyenzwa ngayo yeyokuba imiyolelo ifunyanwa ngabo banokuzihlawula iinkonzo zasemthethweni kanti zona iinkqubo ezilula zesiko zijonge izidingo zabantu abaninzi. Ingaba ezi nkqubo ezifana nezemiyolelo enelungelo ezazikho kumthetho wamaRoma namaDatshi zifakelwe kuMthetho weMiyolelo (wesi-7 wowe-1953) Okanye ingaba kufuneka iinkqubo zesiko zilawulwe luwiso-mthetho, umzekelo, kuvunyelwe iindlalifa ezohluthwe ilifa ukuba ziphulaphulwe libhunga losapho kwanezicengo zazo malunga nezigqibo zebhunga?
Umthetho wesiko nomthetho ongabhalwanga, yomibini le mithetho iyayivumela indlalifa ukwenza isigqibo ngendlela nendawo yokungcwaba ongasekhoyo. Ukuchonga indlalifa, ngokomthetho-siseko kufuneka kwaziwe ukuba umthetho wesiko okanye ongabhalwanga ubusebenza na kuye. Olu phando luya kufuna kujongwe inkcubeko ebeyilandela lowo ungasekhoyo. Iinkundla ziyawuphepha lo mbandela ngokuba zibhekise kuhlobo lomtshato walowo ungasekhoyo: ukuba utshate ngesintu okanye ngobuKrestu, umhlolokazi unelungelo lokuthatha isigqibo ngomngcwabo, ukuba utshate ngokomthetho wesiko iya kuba yinkulu yongasekhoyo eyenza isigqibo. Ingcamango echasene nale yeyokuba xa kwakulotyolwe, isigqibo sesendlalifa okanye ilungu elidala kusapho nokuba umtshato ngowaluphi na uhlobo. Naxa umthetho usenokungangeni ndawo apho, kodwa uluvo nje ngalo mbandela luyakwamkelwa.
Zinaluphi na ulawulo lwasemthethweni iinkundla zemveli kwimibandela yokulandelelana elawulwa ngumthetho wesiko kwaye bobuphi ubudlelwane ezinabo ezi nkundla ne-ofisi yoMhlekazi?
Ingaba kukho imithetho-siseko ebalulekileyo yomthetho wesiko emelwe ukufakwa kummiselo?
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Injongo yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kukuseka imigaqo yokuqinisekisa ukuba abaqeshwa abafanelwe sisibonelelo sokulinda bayasifumana.
Kubhekiselelwe ngqo kumsebenzi othile, hayi kwisikhundla okanye kubukhulu.
Imigaqo yolawulo isekwe ngendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo abaqeshwa akhuselekile kwaye uMthetho weeMeko Ezingundoqo Zengqesho uyathotyelwa.
Isibonelelo sokulinda sisekelwe kumlinganiselo obekwe liSebe loLawulo lweeNkonzo zoLuntu.
Injongo yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kukubonelela iindlelo ezifanelekileyo nezithi zidle abaqeshwa xa bengekho kwiindawo zesiqhelo abasebenza kuzo.
Intlawulo exolisayo neyamkelekileyo iyenziwa liSebe xa abaqeshwa bethabathe iihambo zobuRhulumente besebenzela iSebe eli.
Izibonelelo kweli Sebe zisetyenziswa njengoko kuyalelwe kwiNcwadana yeziMali.
Izibonelelo zingahlenga-hlengiswa liSebe loLawulo lwemiSebenzi yoluNtu emva konyaka.
Kuyacaca ukuba ezi zibonelelo ziyalingana kubo bonke abaqeshwa bezikhundla namanqanaba omsebenzi ahlukeneyo.
Injongo yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kukuqinisekisa ukuba abaqeshwa bayalinikwa ikhefu xa kukho iimeko ezibanyanzelisa ukuba bangabikho emsebenzini.
Izibonelelo zenzelwa iimviwo, ukuya emagumbini okufunda, uphando, izizathu zemidlalo, ukufuduka, ilungu lembumba yabasebenzi, ukuthabatha inxaxheba kunyulo lwabaphathi boomasipala kanti nezinye iinjongo ezingaxelwanga apha.
Lo mgaqo-nkqubo usisixhobo esiqinisekisa ukuba ezi meko zingentla ziyafikeleleka kwaye ziyafumaneka kubaqeshwa bawo onke amanqanaba.
Injongo yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kukuxela indima yeSebe xa umqeshwa efuduswa kwenye indawo esiwa kwenye indawo yomsebenzi.
ISebe liya kuzihlangabeza iindleko ezamkelekileyo zokufuduka nokuba umqeshwa ukweliphi na inqanaba lomsebenzi okanye ubambe esiphi na isikhundla.
Le nkqubo ijonge ukumisa umgaqo wokuhlawula umqeshwa ofuduswe ekufezekiseni umsebenzi weSebe, oyekisiweyo emsebenzini, okanye oswelekileyo.
Injongo yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kukuqingqa iyunifomu nesinxibo sokhuseleko, nokusekela iSebe izikhokelo ngemibandela ejongene neyunifomu nesinxibo sokhuseleko.
Kuyagxininiswa ukuba ezi zibonelelo zilungelelaniswa namanqanaba emisebenzi.
Kuyacaciswa ukuba onke amanqanaba emisebenzi afanelwe sesi sibonelelo nokuba umqeshwa ngowaliphi ibala nasiphi isini.
Kuyagxininiswa kwakhona kwimimiselo yomThetho weMpilo noKhuseleko emSebenzini ukuba abaqeshwa abasebenza kwiimeko ezifuna isinxibo sokhuseleko, basinikwe eso sinxibo.
Injongo yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kukuseka imigaqo nemimiselo emalunga nokuyeka ukusebenzela eli Sebe.
Enye injongo yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kukuseka inkqubo engenamfihlo, engenamkhethe, nenolawulo olufanelekileyo kubo bonke abaqeshwa beli Sebe.
Izibonelelo zale nkqubo zisekwe ngokomthetho oqulethwe kwiCandelo le-17 lomTthetho weeNkonzo zoluNtu.
Lo mgaqo-nkqubo ufanele ukusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokukhuthaza inkqubo engenamkhethe, nesokulungiselela ukwabiwa kwezindlu ngokufanelekileyo.
Apha kujongwe ukuphelisa iindledlana ezicalulayo ezinokuba zazisetyenziswa mandulo.
Kugxininiswa kwinkqubo emele ukulandelwa kwisigaba ngasinye sesi sibonelelo.
Injongo yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kukuseka isikhokelo sokuhlawula umsebenzi wexesha elithe kratya.
Le ntlawulo yenziwa ngokungqamene neqondo lentlawulo yomsebenzi kwaye ibalwa ngokweyure neyure.
Lo mgaqo uchaphazela onke amanqanaba omsebenzi ngaphandle kwabalawuli abakhulu.
Ukuhlawulwa komsebenzi wexesha elithe kratya uxhomekeke kubukho bemali.
Intlawulo yalo msebenzi akufuneki igqithe kuma-30% omvuzo womsebenzi.
Lo mgaqo-nkqubo useka isikhokelo sokusingatha umcimbi wezithuthi ezixhaswa ngentlawulo.
Kugxininiswa ekubeni inkqubo ibe yengenamkhethe nelungeleleneyo.
Le nkqubo iqwalasela imisebenzi efanele ukwenziwa ngumqeshwa kwanesikhundla asibambileyo.
Lithathelwa ingqalelo neqondo lomvuzo xa kuxelwa udidi lwesithuthi esinokufumaneka kumqeshwa ngamnye.
Kugunyaziswe ukuba le nkqubo iqale ukusebenza ngomhla woku-1 kuTshazimpuzi wama-2001.
Bonke abaqeshwa balindeleke ukuba bangene kwisivumelwano sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokusemgangathweni, kwaye izicwangciso zomsebenzi ziya kusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya umsebenzi.
Esi siqinisekiso sibeka isikhokelo sokulawula indlela yokusebenza kakuhle ngothetha-thethwano, sicacisa noxanduva lomqeshwa ngamnye.
Esi siqinisekiso senza ukuba abaqeshwa bathathe inxaxheba ekuqulunqeni nasekufikeleleni kwisigqibo sezinto ekulindeleke ukuba bazenze ukuze babe basebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuhlolwa qho ngekota kwenza ukuba amacala omabini abuye aqwalasele imisebenzi ebifanele ukugqitywa ngelo xesha ukwenzela ukuba ezo zinto zingenakwenzeka zibuye ziqulunqwe ngokutsha.
Bobabini umphathi nomqeshwa banoxanduva lokusungula ingxoxo ngolu vavanyo lweenjongo, uphuhliso, nenkqubela yomsebenzi.
Sigqibela ngokuthi le PMDS iza kuqinisekisa ukuba abantu kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza ziya kusetyenziswa ngeyona ndlela iyiyo ukuze iqhubele phambili, igcinakale inkqubo yenguqu ye-DWAF nokunikelwa kweenkonzo eluntwini ngokusemgangathweni.
Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba abaphathi bahamba ngomgaqo kwimibandela yenguqu, kubekho isohlwayo kwabo batenxayo.
Ikwavumela ukuba kuphandwe ukutenxa.
Ikhuthaza inkqubo engenamfihlo, yokuthabatha inxaxheba nokubeka abameli ukuze kukhule intsebenziswano ngokuthembana, bathenjwe abaphathi, imibutho yabaqeshi nabaqeshwa iyigcine iphila le nkqubo.
Iphelisa ucalulo olusekelwe kwibala lomntu, isini, njalo njalo.
Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi abenza umsebenzi onexabiso elilinganayo bahlawulwa ngokulinganayo.
Uvavanyo lwexabiso lomsebenzi lwenziwa ekuhleni, alunamkhethe, lusebenzisa iindlela zokuvavanya ezamkelekileyo nezibekelwe kwiinqobo zomgangatho onguwo.
Le nkqubo ayimele kucalu-calula ngokwemisebenzi eyenziwa kakhulu ngamadoda okanye abafazi, ngoko ke isebenza kuyo yonke imisebenzi ekwisiMiselo semiSebenzi yeSebe.
Umsebenzi unelungelo lokucela ukuba ixabiso lomsebenzi wakhe livavanywe, hayi ukuba umsebenzi ngokwawo uvavanywe.
Umsebenzi ocela uvavanyo lwexabiso lomsebenzi kufuneka alunyukiswe ngelithi kusengenzeka ukuba uvavanyo olo lukhokele ekubeni inqanaba lomsebenzi linyuswe okanye lithotywe.
Ukuba kuza kuthotywa inqanaba lomsebenzi osele unomsebenzi kufuneka kuzanywe uhlengahlengiso lomsebenzi ukuze kunqandwe oko kuthotywa.
Ukuba aluphumeleli olu hlenga-hlengiso umsebenzi okuloo msebenzi unokutshintshelwa komnye olingana nalowo phambi kokuthotywa. Eso sigqibo siya kuthathwa emva kothetha-thethwano.
Umqeshwa onganelisekanga ziziphumo zovavanyo uvumelekile ukuba acele impinda yovavanyo zingekedluli iintsuku ezili-14 ezifumene ezo ziphumo. Iziphumo zovavanyo kufuneka zinikwe uMlawuli Jikelele nochonga isigqeba sokuchophela ezo ziphumo ngenjongo yokuhlela amandla alo mcimbi.. Umntu onokucela ukuqwalaselwa ngokutsha kweziphumo zoavanyo ngulowo uchaphazelekayo kulo mcimbi, njengomqeshwa obambe isikhundla salo msebenzi ubuvavanywa.
Inkqubo yokuqesha iya kuqinisekisa ukuba ukuqesha kulungelelene, akunamkhethe, kukhetha abawaziyo umsebenzi, kwaye inkonzo yoluntu imele bonke abantu.
Zonke izithuba ziya kuvuleleka kubo bonke abaceli msebenzi kungakhethwa bala lamntu, isini, inkolo, izimvo zopolitiko, ubuzwe, inkolo yokuziphatha ngokwesini, ubudala, ubulwelwe, inkcubeko, ulwimi, imeko yokutshata okanye nayiphi na into.
Izibhengezo kufuneka zicacise kakuhle ukuba iNkonzo yoluNtu izimisele kwinkqubo yokuqesha engenamkhethe, ngoko ke izicelo zamkeleke kuye wonke ubani.
Inkqubo yokukhetha umsebenzi iya kuvelela zonke iinkalo ezingqamene neemfuno zomsebenzi lowo kungabikho kujika-jika.
Kufuneka kubekho iKomiti yokukhetha enabameli abaneleyo babantu ekudala bahleleleka ize nomoya wodliwano-ndlebe ungabantlokothisi okanye ubaqhathe abaceli msebenzi.
Iziqinisekiso ezinganxulumene nomsebenzi okanye ezingaphaya kwezifunekayo njengezidanga zemfundo, iziphiwo zokuthetha, ixesha lokuba sengqeshweni, azisayi kumthethelela umntu ovela kumaqela abefudula ephethwe ngcono ngaphezu komntu obekade ehlelelekile.
Abantu amababuzwe ngesimo mayibe ngabo badweliswe ngumceli msebenzi ngaphandle kokuba uyinikile imvume yokubuza nakwabanye abantu abangabhalwanga kwingxelo yekamva.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISONGEZELELO 1 (1997).txt</fn>
Ukusetyenziswa kwalo mthetho : Icandelo lesi-3.
Lo Mthetho usetyenziselwa bonke, abaqeshwa nabaqeshi ngaphandle kwamalungu eSebe lezoKhuseleko, iSebe lezeNtlawulo, nelikaRhulumente elinxulumene nobuNtlola kunye nabo basebenza ngokuthanda, nangesisa kumbutho othile.
Iimeko ezisisiseko zengqesho eziqulethwe kumThetho zenza inxenye yokontraki yengqesho yabasebenzi ebandakanywayo ngumThetho. Ezinye, kodwa hayi zonke, iimeko ezisisiseko zengqesho zinokohluka ngokobunye okanye ngengqokelela yezivumelwano ngokungqinelana nemimiselo yomThetho.
Esi sahluko asibamanyi abo baqeshwa bakwinqanaba lokuphatha, nabahamba bethengisa kunye nabasebenza iiyure ezingaphantsi kwama-24 ngenyanga.
Iiyure eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza : Icandelo le-9.
b kweyure ezilithoba nakuliphi na usuku ukuba umqeshwa usebenza iintsuku ezintlanu okanye ngaphezulu evekini c kweyure ezisibhozo nakuliphina usuku, ukuba umqeshwa usebenza iintsuku ezingaphezulu kwezintlanu evekini.
i kweyure ezilishumi zexesha elongezelelweyo ngeveki.
Isivumelwano sinokungafuni okanye sivumele umsebenzi ukuba asebenze ngaphezulu kweeyure ezili-12 ngalo naluphi na usuku.
Isivumelwano esihlanganyelweyo sinokulonyusa ixesha elongezelelweyo liye kwiiyure ezilishumi elinesihlanu ngeveki ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini kulo naliphi na ixesha leenyanga ezili-12.
Intlawulo yexesha elongezelelweyo mayibe si-1.5 sentlawulo yomvuzo oqhelekileyo, okanye umqeshwa afumane ikhefu.
Umqeshwa angavuma ngokubhala phantsi ukuba angesebenza kufike kwiiyure ezi-12 ngosuku ngaphandle kwentlawulo yexesha elongezelelweyo.
Isivumelwano sabo bonke, singabavumela ukuba iiyure zomsebenzi zisetyenzwe ngokuzama ukulinganisa ngokwesithuba esingangenyanga ezine.
b kweyure ezintlanu zexesha elongezelelweyo.
Umqeshwa makafumane ixesha lokudla lemizuzu engama-60 emva kokusebenza iiyure ezintlanu.
b singanika imvume yokuba kwahlulwa-hlulwe ixesha lokudla kubasebenzi abasebenza iiyure ezingaphantsi kwezintandathu ngosuku.
Umqeshwa othi ngamanye amaxesha asebenze ngeCawe makafumane intlawulo ephindwe kabini.
Umqeshwa oqhele ukusebenza ngeCawe makafumane intlawulo ephindwe ka-1.5 yentlawulo yakhe yesiqhelo.
Ukuphangela ebusuku : Icandelo le -17.
Abaqeshwa abaphangela ebusuku phakathi ko 18:00 no 06:00 mababuyekezwe ngentlawulo okanye kube nesaphulelo samalanga. Kananjalo babonelelwe ngezithuthi.
a ngengozi ezikhoyo zezempilo nezokhuseleko, kunye b nelungelo lokuba bangaxilongwa.
Abaqeshwa kufuneka bahlawulwe umvuzo wabo oqhelekileyo ngayo nayiphi na iholide yoluntu lonke engosuku lokusebenza.
Ukuphangela ngosuku lweholide makube ngokwesivumelwano, ukuze nentlawulo ibe yephindwe kabini.
Iholide isenokutshintshwa ngolunye usuku ngekwesivumelwano.
Esi sahluko esingokuthabatha ikhefu asibandakanyi abo baphangela ngaphantsi kweyure ezingama-24 ngenyanga kumqeshi, kunye nabo bavunyelwa ukuba bathabathe ikhefu lesithuba esingaphezulu kwesibekiweyo ngokwemiqathang yemvume ephantsi kwesi sahluko.
Abaqeshwa banelungelo leentsuku ezingama-21 lemvume yekhefu yonyaka. Bazuza usuku ngazo zonke iintsuku ezili-17 abazisebenzileyo okanye iyure ngeeyure ezili-17 abazisebenzileyo.
Umqeshi makangamhlawuli umqeshwa endaweni yekhefu ngaphandle kokuba kuphela umsebenzi.
Umqeshwa unelungelo leeveki ezintandathu zekhefu lokugula kwisithuba senyanga ezingama-36 azisebenzileyo.
Kwinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala umqeshwa unelungelo losuku olunye lekhefu lokugula elinentlawulo kwintsuku ezingama-26 azisebenzileyo.
Umqeshi angafuna isiqinisekiso sikaqhirha phambi kokuba ambhatale umqeshwa obengekho emsebenzini iintsuku ezimbini ezilandelelanayo okanye lowo ongayi kakuhle emsebenzini.
Umqeshwa okhulelweyo unelungelo lokuba aye kubeleka iinyanga ezine ezilandelelanayo.
Umqeshwa okhulelweyo okanye okhulisa usana akavumelekanga ukuba asebenze umsebenzi onganobungozi kuye okanye kusana lwakhe.
Abaqeshwa abasisigxina emsebenzini banemvume yeentsuku ezintathu zokulungisa iimfanelo zentsapho zabo behlawulwa, xa kuzalwa umntwana womqeshwa, okanye xa egula, okanye xa kubhubhe umyeni okanye inkosikazi okanye usofa-silahlane wakhe, umondli wakhe, umakhulu, utatomkhulu, umntwana, umntwana amondlayo, umzukulwane okanye isalamane sakhe.
Umqeshi unelungelo lokufuna ubungqina obufanelekileyo.
Esi sahluko asibhekisi kumqeshwa osebenzela umqeshi ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-24 ngenyanga.
p uluhlu lwamaxwebhu ayinxalenye yesivumelwano abonisa apho ikopi ingafunyanwa khona.
Iinkcukacha mazimane ukuphengululwa xa kukho utshintsho ngezengqesho.
Inkcazelo yamalungelo abaqeshwa mayibekwe elubala ukuze ibonwe ngabaqeshwa okanye mayibe ngelwimi ezisetyenziswayo ngabaqeshwa.
d unyaka wokuzalwa xa eneminyaka engaphantsi kweli-18; kunye e nayiphi na into engathi ibe luncedo ukuze sibe nolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngomqeshwa.
nesivumelwano ukuba ngaba sikhona ngexesha lokusebenza, nalo lonke ixesha elisetyenziweyo nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba sokubala.
b Utsalo lwenziwa ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano esihlanganyelweyo, ngomthetho, umyalelo wenkundla okanye ngokolamlo.
Abaqeshi mabaluhlawule utsalo kunye nemirhumo yabasebenzi kwingxowa-mali yoncedo kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe.
Umvuzo ubalwa ngokwenani leeyure ezisetyenziweyo.
Intlawulo okanye umvuzo uphindwe kane kunye nesinye esithathwini (41/3) kumvuzo weveki.
a weeveki ezili-13 ezingaphambili; okanye b ukuba ebesebenza kwisithuba esifutshane, makubhekiswe kweso sithuba.
Abaqeshi kunye nabasebenzi kufuneka ukuba bajonge ishedyuli epapashwe kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni ukubona ukuba ngaba udidi oluthile lwentlawulo lwenza inxenye yomvuzo womsebenzi ngokwenjongo yobalo olwenziwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho.
Esi sahluko asibhekisi kumqeshwa osebenza ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-24 ngenyanga.
Isivumelwano esihlanganyelweyo sinokusishunqulela isaziso seeveki ezine ukuya kwiiveki ezingekho ngaphantsi kwesibini..
Isaziso sokuphela komsebenzi masibhalwe phantsi ngaphandle kokuba unikwa umqeshwa ongafundanga.
Isaziso sokuphela komsebenzi esenziwa ngumqeshi ngokoMthetho, asimthinteli umqeshwa ukuba afune ubungqina ukuzanelisa ngokufaneleka nangokomthetho, ukuba ukuyekiswa kwakhe kuhambelana neZimiselo zoMthetho waBasebenzi ka-1995 kwaneminye imithetho ngokunjalo.
Umqeshwa othe wagxothwa ngesizathu sokuhlenga-hlengisa okanye okontraki yakhe yengqesho ipheliswayo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo lama-38 lomThetho wokungakwazi ukuhlawula amatyala ka-1936 uyakuba nelungelo lentlawulo yokunqunyanyiswa. Uyakuhlawulwa iveki enye ngonyaka ngamnye awusebenzileyo.
Xa eyeka umsebenzi umqeshwa unelungelo lesatifiketi somsebenzi.
Kulityala ukuqesha umntwana ominyaka ingaphantsi kwe-15.
Ukubangela, ukubanga okanye ukucela ukuba kusetyenziswe ngesinyanzeliso kukwaphula umthetho.
d ukuncitshiswa kwelungelo lekhefu lokubeleka Icandelo lama-25.
f isithintelo sokusebenza kwabantwana nokusetyenziswa ngesinyanzeliso Icandelo lama-48.
Isivumelwano sabo bonke nesivumelwano soyedwa sinokuthabatha indawo okanye sithintele umongo osisiseko kwimeko zomthetho womsebenzi ngokwendlela evumelekileyo emthethweni okanye kwicandelo lokuthabatha isigqibo (Icandelo lama-50).
UMphathiswa wezeMisebenzi angathabatha isigqibo sokutshintsha okanye sokuthintela owona mongo osisiseko sengqesho. Oku kungenziwa futhi ngencwadi yesicelo ngumqeshi okanye umbutho wabaqeshi (Icandelo lama-50).
Esi sigqibo sinokungamkeleki ngaphandle kokuba amalungu omnyango wabasebenzi anike imvume okanye abenesithuba sokwenza inkcazelo kuMphathiswa. Ikopi yesigqibo esenziweyo mayibekwe elubala ukuze ibonwe ngabaqeshwa nanini na (Icandelo lama-50).
Ukuthatyathwa kwezigqibo kuxhomekeke kumongo wesimo sabaqeshwa belo candelo okanye loo ndawo.
Abahloli bezomsebenzi mabacebise abaqeshwa nabaqeshi ngamalungelo kunye neemfanelo zabo zemithetho yengqesho. Ekuhloleni kwabo bathi baphengulule izikhalazo ngokubuza, baphenye nencwadi baze babhale ingxelo. Bayakuthabatha okuthi kube luncedo kuphando lwabo (Amacandelo angama-64 - 66).
Umhloli angathumela umyalelo wesivumelwano kumqeshi ongathobelanga igatya elithile lomthetho wabasebenzi. Umqeshi usengawuchasa lo myalelo ngokwazisa uMongameli-Jikelele weZemisebenzi. Akuba efumene inkcazelo, angavuma, ukutshintsha okuthile okanye abeke umyalelo othile.
f unikwe izixhobo zakhe okanye izixhobo zomsebenzi; okanye g usebenzela, okanye uzinika iinkonzo zakhe, kumntu omnye.
Ukuba enye yezi meko ikhona, umntu uthathwa njengomsebenzi de abe umqeshi abe nobungqina bokuba ayinguye.
f Ukuthintela okanye uphazamise umhloli wezemisebenzi nokuba ngubani na owenza umsebenzi onxulumene nalo Mthetho Icandelo lama-92.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya 1.txt</fn>
Ekulandeleni ukuzinziswa konyulo lwedemokrasi olutsha nomelo lukaRhulumente ngo -1994, iKhabhinethi ichonge utshintsho leNkonzo kaWonke wonke ibe yesebenzayo, enobuchule neliziko ledemokrasi njengamalungelo aphambili ayo aphezulu.
Ukukwazi ukuphumelelisa le njongo, iPhepha leNgcaciso yoMgaqo-nkqubo kuTshintsho lokuHambisa iNkonzo kaWonke wonke lapapashwa lilungisa indlela entsha ekuguquleni iinkonzo zikawonke wonke.
Njengeziko elizibophelele ekusebenzeleni isizwe, siphuhlise uluhlu lwenkqubo yokusebenza esekwe kumthetho-siseko oqulathwe kwiPhepha leNgaciso yoMgaqo-nkqubo ukuphuhlisa imveliso, intlomelo nokusebenza, nokususa ukukhohlakala kwakunye nokuvumela uwonke wonke agcwale acoseleleke lulwazi ngeenkonzo ezinikezwayo.
Ngaphezu kweminyaka embalwa ezayo, iSebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya izibophelela ngokunokwayo ukutyala nokwakha kwesi sithethe senkonzo ebalaseleyo nokwenza kwayo.
Sixomoloza ukukunika eyona nkonzo ingcono ilungileyo yaye sizibophelela thina ukuqhubekekisa izicelo zakho kwixeshana nje elifutshane.
Kuza kuqhagamshelwana nawe ngokukhawuleza ukongeza ulwazi olunokuthi lufuneke, okanye lwazise nayiphi na intshukumo efuna ukuthatyathwa. Emva koko siza kuthatha ngokukhawuleza intshukumo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicelo sakho senziwe ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo.
Ukuba awulungelanga amalungelo neemfanelo zesima-mhlaba okanye indawo yokumhlala, izizathu uza kuzinikwa ngokubhalelwa.
Sayakwamkela ukucacisa yonke imibuzo ekhawulezileyo, enentlonelo yaye ngendlela esebenzayo.
Siza kuphendula ngokwakhayo kwizikhalazo nalapho kuyimfuneko ukuzisombulula ngelo xesha.
Siyathembisa ukubanceda abathengi ngeemfuno zabo ezizodwa kuzo zonke ii-ofisi zethu ngobuhlobo besitafu sethu kwindawo zethu zokwamkela.
Ifowuni yakho yemibuzo kuza kusetyenzwa ngayo ngokukhawuleza nangokusisigxina.
Ukuchazela wena ukuba funeka ubambelele, okanye utshintshelwe kwelinye igosa.
Yonke imizamo iza kwenziwa ukusombulula umbuzo wakho phambi kokuthunyelwa kwempendulo. Ukuba ayinokuba njalo, impendulo iza kuthunyelwa kuwe ichaza igama nenombolo yemfonomfono yomntu osebenza ngombuzo wakho.
Ulwazi olucacisiweyo kuzo zonke iinkonzo ezinikezwa liSebe lunokufumaneka kuyo nayiphi i-ofisi yeSebe lemiCimbi yezeKhaya.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISebe lezoThutho 2.txt</fn>
Yimbali le namhlanje eMzantsi Afrika apho uza kuxhotyiswa ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo ngomthetho ochaphazela ishishini lezothutho.
i Uchaza amalungelo akho namalungelo abanye abantu.
Ukukhusela kwabo bangathanda ukuwusebenzisa umthetho ngendlela engeyiyo bekuchasa.
Ukwenza ukwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba nokuxhamla amathuba akhoyo kwishishini.
Kuyonwabisa ukwazi ukuba umthetho awufuni buchule bubodwa, kodwa nje, ufuna ulwazi oluqhelekileyo, ukusebenzisa ingqondo ekuzikiseni ukucinga, nengqondo nje yemveli, kwaye ke sonke sinazo ezo zinto.
Siyakukhuthaza ukuba uzinikele ngokupheleleyo kwaye ubuze imibuzo emininzi kangangoko ufuna kwaye siya kukunceda kangangoko sinakho.
Kukho intetho ethi ngenye yeelwimi zesiNtu Ntwa ga e age motse. Amava ethu kwishishini leetekisi ayakungqina oku kuthethwa sesi saci. Phambi korhulumente wentando yesininzi, abantu abaninzi kwishishini leetekisi bahlangana nongquzulwano olungathethekiyo, olwazala ukufa kwabantu nokwenzakala kwabaqhubi beetekisi nabahambi ngokunjalo. Olu ngquzulwano nokulwa zizinto ezazibangelwa kukungavisisani phakathi kwabantu bonke kwishishini ngokubhekiselele kwiindlela emazihambe kuzo iitekisi, amaxabiso, njalo njalo?
Ukulwa olu ngquzulwano lungafunekiyo kwishishini elilelabantu abamnyama elikwaphethwe ngabo kwaye elikhonza isizwe esimnyama, urhulumente ekunye neBhunga likaZwelonke leMibutho yeeTekisi yaseMzantsi Afrika (i-Santaco) basayina imemorandam yokuqonda (i-MOU) eyayijolise ekuziseni uxolo kwishishini. I-MOU yalandelwa yimithetho emininzi eyapasiswa yipalamente ngenjongo yokuzisa ucwangco kwiShishini leeTekisi. UMthetho weNguqulelo kuThutho lweNdlela lukaZwelonke (i-NLTTA) ngomnye wale mithetho.
Kubona isidingo sokuba ishishini leetekisi kufuneka liqhutywe ngokwentando yesininzi.
Kuqaphela inkqubo yokusebenza kwetekisi ngokutsha njengenkunzi kwishishini nenzuzo yoko.
Kukwazi ukuba inkqubo yokuqiqa nokuqoqosha ibhekisa kwintoni.
Kuqaphela iinkcukacha zesithuthi esitsha esiyitekisi (I-NTV).
Kuzazi iinkqubo ezibandakanyekayo ekuguquleni ishishini leetekisi elikhoyo libe lishishini lothutho likawonke-wonke.
Kuqaphela uxanduva labaphathi beetekisi ngokubhekiselele ekuthobeleni irhafu nenzuzo yoko.
Iyunithi 1 : Ukwaziswa ngoMthetho weNguqulelo kuThutho lwendlela lukaZwelonke.
Ubomi bungonxibelelwano. Ukhe uyicinge into yokuba ngelinjani ukudika ilizwe lonke xa bekungekho ndlela yonxibelelwano?
Kukho amazwi nemiqondiso edla ngokusetyenziswa liqela labantu eqondwa ngabo kuphela intsingiselo yawo. Ukunxibelelana ngolu hlobo kufana nokusebenzisa iikhowudi ekufuneka zichaziwe ukuze intsingiselo icace kwabanye abantu?
Abantu abakwishishini leetekisi banendlela yabo yonxibelelwano. Siyalwazi ulwimi (olungemiqondiso) oluthi lusetyenziswe ngabaqhubi beetekisi nabahambi xa bebhekisa kwezo ndawo baya kuzo. Le miqondiso isetyenziselwa ukuthumela imiyalezo elula nekhawulezayo?
Uyayazi ukuba ithetha ntoni le miqondiso?
Abantu banento yokunqumla amagama ukuze banxibelelane ngokukhawuleza. Abanye abantu bathi abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bayathanda ukuzenza ngcono yiyo le nto bathanda ukusebenzisa izishunqulelo xa bethetha naxa bebhala. Ngamanye amaxesha isishunqulelo ibasesona sithandwayo ukudlula igama elo. Singazekelisa apha ngegama lesiNgesi elithi Anti Immune Deficiency Syndrome elithe lashunqulelwa kwaye abantu sebeqhele isishunqulelo kwintetho okanye kokubhaliweyo. Uyasazi ukuba sithetha ntoni?
Njengakwezinye iindawo zokusebenza, abo banebango kwishishini lothutho basebenzisa iziqhunqulelo ukwenza lula unxibelelwano. Ezinye zide kwaye ezinye kunzima ukuzikhumbula. Phofu ke, ngamagama la abamele bonke abantu abakwishishini bawazi kwaye bayiqonde nentsingiselo yawo njengoko elichaphazela ishishini ngendlela ithile. Izishunqulelo zala magama zifunyanwa kwiingxelo kwiiMemorandam zokuQonda nemithetho epasiswa yipalamente. Kwi-NLTTA (qaphela esi sishunqulelo) kukho izishunqulelo ekufuneka sazi intsingiselo yazo. Zicacisiwe kuxwebhu le-NLTTA.
Xa sijonga emva kwimbali yethu, sifumanisa ukuba kwakukho imithetho eyayisenziwa kwaye isungulwe ezilalini ziinkosi namaphakathi. Le mithetho yayijolise ekuziseni ucwangco ezilalini. Nanamhla oku sisenazo iilali apho amadoda (mhlawumbi nabafazi!) ahlangana komkhulu ukuya kwenza imithetho. Asebenzisa kwa eli qonga lengxoxo ukuqininisekisa ukuba iilali ziyawulandela umthetho njengoko unjalo. Le ndlela intle yokulawula ilali iyasetyenziswa ngoku nangamaqumrhu karhulumente kazwelonke nawengingqi kwiindawo ezisezidolophini. Abantu abadala bayayazi ukususela kwakudala into yokuba indawo engenamthetho iza nengxushu-ngxushu enokonakalisa amabutho asekuhlaleni?
Lonke ilizwe elilawulwa ngentando yesininzi njengoMzantsi Afrika linemithetho epasiswa yipalamente esekela amalungelo oluntu afunyanwa kumgaqo-siseko welizwe lethu. Kuthiwa le yimithetho. Isebe ngalinye likarhulumente linemithetho ejongene neengxaki ezahlukeneyo uluntu olujongene nazo ngemibandela enxulumene nelo sebe. Umzekelo ; iSebe lezeMfundo linoMthetho weZikolo ochaza indlela emayiqhutywe ngayo imibandela yesikolo. Isebe lezeMpilo linemithetho ecacisa indlela oonompilo amabanike ngayo izigulane unyango?
Kwangokunjalo, iSebe lezoThutho linemithetho ekhokela ababandakanyekayo kwishishini lothutho ngento amabanyenze ukuze bazise ucwangco kwishishini. Omnye walo mithetho nguMthetho weNguqulelo kuThutho lweNdlela lukaZwelonke (I-NLTTA) Eyona njongo enkulu ye-NLTTA.
Umbono weminyaka emi-5 woMphathiswa kaZwelonke ngothutho lwendlela kwilizwe lonke.
Iya kuquka uthutho lwenqwelo-moya nolukaloliwe, oohola bendlela bakazwelonke nothutho lomhlaba lwamaphondo.
Ichaza iindlela zokulwa ungquzulwano ngokubhekiselele ekusetyenzisweni komhlaba nocwangciso lothutho phakathi kwamaphondo noomasipala.
Kuvavanywa imeko ekuyiyo ngoku. Kuchazwa iinkonzo ezikuludwe lwenkqubo nezo zingekho kuludwe kwindawo leyo.
Ikakhulu ishishini leetekisi. Kunceda ukulungelelanisa ukufumaneka nokusetyenziswa kothutho lukawonke-wonke.
Oku kubhekisa kuphela koomasipala abafumana isibonelelo sothutho.
Ziya kufumaneka phambi kokukhutshwa kweethenda. Kumiselwa nobungakanani bezibonelelo.
Kuvavanywa indima yohlobo ngalunye lothutho.
Kuxelwa iinguqu ezenziwe ukususela kwisicwangciso sokugqibela. Kujongwa ukususwa kwezinto eziyingozi. Isicwangciso-qhinga sokuphucula nokugcina emgangathweni iindlela.
Kuthetha ntoni ukwenza ishishini leetekisi lihambe ngokwentando yesininzi?
Bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika abazalwa phambili phaya phambi kowe-1994 bayakwazi ukuhlupheka okweviwa ngabo bonke abantu abamnyama ngenxa yokuba babecinezelwe ngurhulumente owayengekho semthethweni. Babengenalungelo lakuthetha nto malunga nendlela ilizwe elalilawulwa ngayo kuba babengavumelekanga ukuba bavotele abantu ababafunayo kurhulumente. Kwakungekho demokhrasi. Ngenxa yedemokhrasi ngoku eMzantsi Afrika, kukho unyulo kwinqanaba lengingqi nelikazwelonke. Ngenxa yonyulo, abantu bangafaka abantu ababafunayo epalamente!
Njengoko sisazi ukuba umntu uvakalelwa kanjani kukuhlala kwilizwe elinedemokhrasi, kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba zonke iindawo ezichaphazela ubomi bethu zibonise idemokhrasi nazo. Cinga ngomxokelelwano wesikolo (ubukho bamabhunga amele abafundi) umzekelo, urhulumente wengingqi (ooceba) njalo njalo. Nakwishishini leetekisi ke kukwanjalo kufuneka siyibonise idemokhrasi kumaqumrhu ethu kumanqanaba engqingi, ephondo nakuzwelonke?
Umelwa kanjani kwinqanaba lommandla?
Kulandelwa ziphi iinkqubo xa kuthathwa isigqibo sokuba ngubani omele abe kwibhunga elilawulayo?
Ingaba iqela lakho lommandla limelwe kwinqanaba lephondo?
Ingaba iqela lephondo limelwe kwinqanaba likazwelonke?
Libizwa ngokuba yintoni iqela likazwelonke Yintoni umsebenzi walo?
Yintoni ekhokela onke amabhunga eetekisi xa eqhuba imicimbi yawo?
Ungathi zinto zini ezifanayo (ngokubhekisellee kulawulo) phakathi korhulumente waseMzantsi Afrika noshishino lweetekisi?
Kuyinzuzo njani kuthi ukwenziwa kweshishini leetekisi ukuba lihambe ngokwentando yesininzi?
Kubi Mzala, akukho nzuzo konke! Singenza ntoni?
Uluvo lukaMoufhe lungayinyaniso. Khawutsho ezinye izizathu ocinga ukuba zaphazamisa uzinzo kwishishini leetekisi Yitsho izizathu zibe zi-5 kwaye uchaze ukuba zinegalelo njani kwimeko ekukuyo ngoku kwishishini leetekisi?
Ubusazi na ukuba iitekisi zithwala abantu abangaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-3,7 yonke imihla kusasa Uninzi lwaba bantu ngabasebenzi oko kutsho ishishini leetekisi linegalelo kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwelizwe naxa lingekathathwa njengeshishini lothutho likawonke-wonke?
Yeyiphi imingeni ishishini leetekisi ebeliya kujongana nayo xa belinokusebenza njengeshishini lothutho lukawonke-wonke?
Xela iimpawu ezi-5 ngokokubona kwakho- ezinegalelo kwinkonzo egqwesileyo esemgangathweni kwishishini lothutho?
Dwelisa ebuncinaneni zibe-3 iinkonzo kwishishini lothutho uze utsho ukuba yeyiphi enika eyona nkonzo egqwesileyo kubaxumi.
Kwakufuneka kwenziwe ntoni ukuze ishishini leetekisi lisebenze njengeshishini elifanelekileyo?
Ingaba onke amashishini ahlawula irhafu Ithini imeko yeshishini leetekisi malunga nokuthobela irhafu (ngokubhekiselele kumqeshi nabaqeshwa)?
kuukuba negalelo kwimpilo yokusijikelezileyo i-NTV iza kusebenzisa idizile exabisa ezantsi kunepetroli kwaye iya kuthoba nenkcitho kwimibhobho ekhupha umoya owonakalisayo.
kukuphucula ukusebenza kweetekisi njengokuqokelela imali yokukhwela (kuya kubakho umxokelelwano wokuhlalwula ngekhadi i-EMS)?
Esi sicwangciso senyathelo elitsha, esiphuhliswe ligqiza lokusebenza elimele amasebe angala; eloThutho, uRhwebo noShishino, iZimbiwa naMandla neZiko lemali likaZwelonke kudityaniselwene neshishini leetekisi, siya kusetyenziswa ngokudlula kumxokelelwano wokutshintsha imvume (entsha endaweni yendala) nesibonelelo sokucima isithuthi esidala esiya kufunyanwa ngabanini abasemthethweni bezithuthi ezikhoyo ukuncedisa kwixabiso lezithuthi ezitsha.
Ngokwe-SANTACO, inkqubo yokubalwa ngokutsha kokusebenza kwenkunzi kwitekisi ineenzuzo ezingathethekiyo kuninzi lwababandakanyekayo.
Inkqubo yokubalwa ngokutsha kokusebenza kwenkunzi kwitekisi iza kukhokelela kuqoqosho lweendlela ezisetyenziswayo.
Iindlela ezisetyenziswayo ngoku ziya kuchazwa ngokutsha ukuze kunikwe abahambi eyona nkonzo igqwesileyo.
Kuya kubakho iintlobo ezi-4 zezithuthi eziya kubandakanyeka kuthutho lukawonke-wonke olusekwe emhlabeni.
Iimvume ezikhoyo ngoku ziya kutshintshwa zibe ziilayisenisi\ ezisebenzayo eziya kuhlala iminyaka emi-5.
Iilayisenisi zokusebenzao ziya kusekwa kwindlela esetyenziswayo hayi kummandla njengoko bezinjalo iimvume.
Ii-NTV ziya kubekwa ngokoludwe lwenkqubo ngokubhekiselele kwiindlela ezisetyenziswayo nexesha ingakumbi ezi zifumana izibonelelo.
Ezinye iinkonzo zothutho ziya kubonelelwa.
Injini: 18 izihlalo ibhasi encinci iya kuba ziilitha ezi-2,5 4,0 idizile neelitha ezi-4,6 6,0 idizile?
Ucango lomhambi: Ucango olunye oluzivula luzivale olulawulwa ngumqhubi lububanzi bungama-850mm kwiibhasi zombini 18s & 35s?
Unenkampani eyenza izithuthi. Kukhutshwe ithenda yokwenza esinye sezithuthi ezitsha eziyitekisi (ii-NTV) liSebe lezoThutho neSebe lezoRhwebo noShishino. Inkampani yakho igqibe ekubeni izame ukuyifumana le thenda.
olunezinye izinto eziya kwenza ukuba ibhodi yethenda ikunike ithenda.
Isiphumo sesifundo: Abafundi baya kubonisa ukuwuqonda uMthetho woThutho lwePhondo kwanemiphumela yawo kwishishini leetekisi kwiphondo labo.
Makuxoxwe ngenjongo yePhulo Yiba Semthethweni (BLC) (p.
Kubonisa ukuyiqonda imisebenzi yamaziko/yamaqumrhu othutho kwiphondo lakho.
Kubonisa ulwazi neenjongo zePhulo Yiba Semthethweni (i-BLC) kwiphondo.
Ngokwesahlulo sesi-3 se-NLTTA iphondo lonyule inani leziphathamandla ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba imibandela yothutho yephondo ixovulwa ngokwanelisayo. Apha sibhekisa kwiBhodi yeLayisenisi yokusebenza, ababhalisi, amagosa agunyazisiweyo nabanyanzelisi boMthetho (umzk. umhloli weelayisenisi, umvavanyi wezithuthi, amagosa ezihamba-ndleleni, amalungu e-SAPS njalo njalo).
Kukwamkela, ukuqwalasela nokwenza isigqibo ngezicelo zokufumana, ukuhlaziya okanye ukutshintsha iilayisenisi zokusebenza.
Kukujongana nezicelo zokujika iimvume zibe ziilayisenisi zokusebenza.
Kukwamkela, ukuqwalasela nokwenza isigqibo ngezicelo zokubhaliswa kwemibutho nabasebenzi kwishishini leetekisi ezizibhasi ezincinci.
Kukumisa okanye ukurhoxisa ubhaliso.
Kukugcina iingxelo zolwazi ezifunelwa iRejista kaZwelonke yoThutho njengabasebenzi, iinkonzo zabo nezithuthi zabo.
Kukukhuthaza nokuncedisa imibutho ukuba ibhalise.
Abanyanzelisi boMthetho okanye amagosa agunyazisiweyo?
Olona xanduva luphambili lwala magosa kukunyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa koMthetho i-NLTTA.
Ukuthimba izithuthi ezingena zilayisenisi zokusebenza.
Ukumisa nokuhlola izithuthi endleleni kujongwe namaxwebhu asemxholweni.
Ukufuna iinkcukacha zabahambi nenkcazelo kubonwe ukuba bakuhlawulele na ukuthuthwa ngeso sithuthi.
Ukucela umqhubi ukuba azazise kwaye aveze neenkcukacha zomnini wesithuthi kwaye aveze namaxwebhu akuxhasayo oko.
Xoxa kwaye ukhethe iziphathamandla ezithathu ezingathi zinxibelelane nawe xa usenza umsebenzi wakho.
Funda imisebenzi yeziphathamandla ozikhethileyo uze uxele ukuba lumele ukuba yintoni na uxanduva lwakho kwezi ziphathamandla.
Isahlulo sesi-3 se-NLTTA sixela uxanduva lwephondo ekusunguleni i-NLTTA. Iphondo limele lize nezicwangciso zothutho ezahlukeneyo ezithathela ingqalelo imiyalelo eyodwa ebhekisa kumaphondo. Esinye sezi zicwangciso yi-ITP iSicwangciso soThutho esiHlangeneyo.
Kwezinye zezi bhokisi zingentla kuxeliwe ukuba uphuhliso lweendawo ezisemaphandleni ludinga uluhlu olulodwa lothutho kufuneka kugqaliswe kuzo?
Esi silandelayo sisibhengezo esaphuma kwelinye lamaphepha-ndaba empela-veki. Sinxulumene noxanduva lweziphathamandla zephondo ukuba zisungule imithetho esemxholweni yothutho / yezihamba-ndleleni ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho umxokelelwano wothutho olungelelanisiweyo kwiphondo.
U-MEC weSebe lezoThutho umema ukuba kumiswe/kunikwe amagama abo bafanele ubulungu kwiBhodi yephondo LaseMntla Ntshona yeeLayisenisi zokusebenza. Amalungu kawonke-wonke namaziko anganika amagama abo bafanele ukuba ngamalungu ngokwemigqaliselo yeCandelo lama-30 loMthetho kaZwelonke woThutho loMhlaba, uMthetho 22 wowe-2000.
Abo kumiswe amagama abo iya kuba ngabantu ababonisa iimpawu zokuzimela, abangenamkhethe nabanobulungisa kwaye abaphinde bakulungele ukuba ngamalungu ngesizathu sokuqonda nokuba namava okanye ulwazi ngeshishini lothutho, kwaye abangenamdla ongqalileyo wemali kwishishini.
Ukumiswa kwamagama makufikelele kwiimfuno zeCandelo 5.1 zoMthetho woThutho lweNdlela , uMthetho 74 wowe-1977.
Luxanduva lukabani ukonyula umntu kwesi sikhundla?
Ngowuphi umthetho wothutho oluvumelayo olu nyulo?
Iya kuba yintoni imisebenzi yalo mntu (jonga kumthetho)?
Imisebenzi yaloo mntu iya kulichaphazela njani na ishishini leetekisi?
Iphulo Yiba Semthethweni?
Kuqatshelwe into yokuba ngumsebenzi wamaphondo ukuphuhlisa nokusungula izicwangciso zothutho ezahlukeneyo kumaphondo awo. Ukuze oku kwenzeke iziphathamandla zamaphondo kufuneka zazi, umzekelo, inani leetekisi ezisebenzayo, apho zihamba khona njalo njalo. Kusandula ukuqaliswa iphulo elalijoliswe ekubhaliseni zonke iitekisi ukuze kuphuhliswe isiseko-nkcazo esiya kunika ulwazi ngocwangciso lothutho kwiphondo.
Yeyiphi imiphumela yexesha elide enayo kwabo baliphosileyo okanye abaza kuluphosa usuku lobhaliso (Cinga nokuthethwa yimotho)?
Ngokujonga imiba ekuthethwe ngayo kwimodyuli 1 (i-NLTTA) nale imodyuli, ucinga ukuba ooMduvhas baya kusebenza kwixesha elizayo?
Isiphumo sesifundo: Abafundi baya kubonisa ukuqonda uMthetho weNdlela kaZwelonke weZihamba-ndlela nemiphumela yawo kwishishini leetekisi.
Isebenza xa kutheni kuwe?
Ngubani omele ukwenza isicelo?
Ngubani olawula ingxowa-mali?
Kule modyuli uya kufunda banzi ngoMthetho weNdlela weZihamba-ndlela nemiphumela yawo kwishishini.
Lo Mthetho uqulethe amagatya namagatyana achaphazela ngokungathanga ngqo abasebenzi kwishishini leetekisi. Imizekelo yawo lubhaliso lwabenzi, abakhi nabangenisi elizweni bezithuthi; ubhaliso lwezitishi zovavanyo; amagunya nemisebenzi yoMlawuli-Jikelele njalo njalo. Siza kugqala kulo miba ichaphazela ngqo ishishini elisebenzayo leetekisi. Lo Mthetho uqulethe izahluko ezili-15. Siya kujonga ezinye izahluklo ukuze sibone ezikuquletheyo.
Izinto eziqulathwe zizahluko ezahlukeneyo kulo mthetho.
Isahluko 1 sichaza iingcaciso-magama nesigama esisetyenziswe kuwo wonke lo Mthetho.
Igosa loxolo lithetha igosa lezihamba-ndlela kunye nomlawuli wezithuthi owonyulwe ngokwemigqaliselo yemithetho yalo naliphi iphondo?
Isithuthi esidityaniswe ngamalungu sithetha ukudityaniswa kwezithuthi ezinetrakhi-trektala kunye nento ebunqwelo erhuqwayo?
Oku kuthetha ukuba uMthetho uya kusebenza kuyo yonke iRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika. Sisonke isahluko sibhekisa kubahloli, abavavanyi bezithuthi nabavavanyi beelayisenisi zokuqhuba.
Akukho mntu uya kuqhuba isithuthi kwindlela kawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokuba ugcine kuye ilayisenisi okanye uxwebhu okanye nalo naluphi ugunyaziso.
yilayisenisi yokubambisa okanye ilayisenisi yokuqhuba.
Ilayisenisi yokuqhuba ingakhutshwa kuphela emva kokuba kufunyenwe ilayisenisi yokufunda ukuqhuba.
Bhekisa kwincwadi yomsebenzi iModyuli 3: Umsebenzi 1.
Ngubani onoxanduva lokubeka emboniselweni imiqondiso yendlela?
a Isiphathamandla sengingqi okanye nawuphi na umntu oqeshwe siso ogunyaziswe ukwenza oko angathi nakuyiphi indlela ekwindawo ephantsi kolawulo lwaso abeke emboniselweni okanye enze ukuba kubekwe emboniselweni ngendlela emiselweyo nayiphi na imiqondiso yendlela enjalo.
b Isiphathamandla sengingqi singathi ngokubhala sigunyazise nawuphi umntu ukuba abeke emboniselweni okanye enze ukuba kubekwe emboniselweni kwindawo ephantsi kolawulo lwayo ngendlela emiselweyo nawuphi na umqondiso wendlela ovunyiwe siso phambi kokuba ube nokubekwa emboniselweni loo mqondiso.
c Isiphathamandla sengingqi esichazwe kumhlathi b singamisela imithetho yokubeka emboniselweni kwaye singanika nomyalelo wokususwa kwaloo mqondiso.
U-MEC ophetheyo angagunyazisa nawuphi na umbutho ukuba ubeke emboniselweni nayiphi na imiqondiso yendlela yezihamba-ndlela ayibona ibalulekile ukuze ke nawuphi umbutho onjalo ngendlela emiselweyo, ubeke emboniselweni ibheji okanye olunye uphawu lombutho kunye nawo nawuphi na umqondiso wendlela wezihamba-ndlela.
Elokushwankathela: Akukho mntu oya kubeka emboniselweni nawuphi na umqondiso wendlela wezihamba-ndlela kwindlela kawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokuba ugunyaziswe ziziphathamandla zengingqi okanye ngu-MEC.
Kungasemthethweni na ukuba abafundi abagada ukuhamba kwezithuthi esikolweni babeke umqondiso wezihamba-ndlela bengathethanga neziphathamandla zomthetho?
Kwimeko apho abafundi bagade ukuhamba kwezithuthi esikolweni bangayibeka imiqondiso yezihamba-ndlela ngendlela emiselweyo ngaphandle kokubonisana neziphathamandla zengingqi njengoko oku kusenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabafundi xa bewela umgaqo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba into okanye umqondiso uphazamisana nokusebenza komqondiso wendlela?
U-MEC ophetheyo okanye isiphathamandla sengingqi angathi ngesaziso esibhaliweyo ayalele umnini okanye umhlali kuloo mhlaba apho umqondiso wendlela okanye enye into iphazamisana nokusebenza komqondiso wendlela ukuba awususe loo mqondiso okanye loo nto lingaphelanga ixesha elithile elinikiweyo kweso saziso.
Ukuba umnini okanye umhlali uyoyisakala ukuthobela isaziso, u-MEC okanye isiphathamandla sengingqi, angenza ukuba lo mqondiso okanye loo nto isuswe.
Bhekisa kuMsebenzi 2: Ukungawuthobeli umqondiso wendlela wezihamba-ndlela.
Akukho mntu uya kuqhuba isithuthi kwindlela kawonke-wonke agqithise kwisantya esimisiweyo njengoko oko kubhekisa kwindawo ethile yendlela.
a uza kusiqhuba isithuthi eso eyiphaphele imeko yokhuseleko lwezinye izithuthi endleleni; kwaye b kwimeko yaso nasiphi isithuthi sokulwa umlilo, isithuthi sokuhlangula, i-ambulensi okanye isithuthi esiqhutywa ngumntu ojonge ukukhusela uluntu isithuthi esinjalo siya kufakwa isixhobo sokwenza isandi esimiselweyo kwanesibane sokuzazisa kwaye isixhobo esinjalo siya kukhaliswa ukuze isibane sona sidanyaze ngeli xesha isithuthi siqhutywa ngaphezulu kunesantya esimisiweyo..
Esi sahluko sithetha ngemisebenzi yomqhubi kwindawo yengozi apho kukho umntu obhubhileyo okanye owenzakeleyo okanye kubekho umonakalo kwimpahla okanye kwisilwanyana.
Bhekisa kwincwadi yomsebenzi iModyuli 3, Umsebenzi 4 : Ingxowa-mali yeNgozi yeNdlela.
Izenzo ezingekho mthethweni ngokunxulumene neepleyiti zobhaliso, iinombolo zobhaliso, iimpawu zobhaliso okanye amaxwebhu athile.
Akukho mntu oya kuqhuba isithuthi kwindlela kawonke-wonke kakubi okanye ngokungakhathali.
Ubume, imeko nokusetyenziswa kwendlela kawonke-wonke ekutyholwa ukuba kophulwe kuyo umthetho, ubungakanani bezithuthi endleleni ngelo xesha lengozi okanye ekwakulindeleke ukuba zisendleleni ngelo xesha nesantya nendlela isithuthi esasiqhutywa ngayo.
Akukho mntu uya kuqhuba isithuthi kwindlela kawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokumthathela ingqalelo omnye umntu osebenzisa indlela.
Oya kwala ukuba kuthathwe igazi kuye okanye kuvavanywe umoya awuphefumlayo a aqhube isithuthi ; okanye b ahlale kwisihlalo somqhubi wesithuthi injini ihamba ngeli xa aphantsi kweempembelelo zotywala okanye atye isiyobisi esidakumbisayo a aqhube isithuthi ; okanye b ahlale kwisihlalo somqhubi wesithuthi esinjini ebalekayo ngeli xesha i-alikhoholi esegazini elithathwe nakuyiphi indawo emzimbeni wakhe ingaphezulu kwe0,05 grem kwii-100 leemililitha okanye kwimeko yomqhubi ochubekileyo ekubhekiswe kuye kwicandelo 32 ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-0,02 grem kwi-100 leemililitha.
ngokunxulumene nokunika naluphi ulwazi, oluthi ngokokwazi kwakhe lube luza okanye lungasetyenziselwa nayiphi injongo ngokwemigqaliselo yalo Mthetho enze isibhengezo okanye anike ulwazi alwaziyo ukuba libubuxoki okanye lolulahlekisayo.
Izenzo ezingekho mthethweni ngokunxulumene neepleyiti zobhaliso, iinombolo zobhaliso, iimpawu zobhaliso okanye amaxwebhu athile.
Akukho mntu oya kwenza nayiphi ipleyiti yobhaliso engazithobeliyo iinkcukacha ezimiselweyo.
b oya kuba nenombolo ebubuxoki okanye uphawu olunjalo olububuxoki okanye etshintshiweyo okanye ekufakelwe kuyo enye into.
a uya kuxoka ngenjongo yokwenza ubuqhophololo atshintshe okanye afakele nayiphi enye into kwisatifiketi, kwilayisenisi okanye kuxwebhu olukhutshiweyo okanye olwamkelekileyo ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho, okanye b oya kuba nesatifiketi, ilayisenisi okanye olunye uxwebhu , maphepha lawo abububuxoki okanye atshintshiweyo okanye anezinto ezifakelweyo.
a uya kusebenzisa amaphepha angengowakhe angala, isatifiketi, ilayisenisi okanye olunye uxwebhu akhutshwe okanye awamkelekileyo ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho ; okanye buya kuvumela ukuba isatifiketi, ilayisenisi okanye olunye uxwebhu olulolwakhe lusetyenziswe ngomnye umntu.
Phawula ibhloko ocinga ukuba ifanelekile. Ungabhekisa kwiSahluko III soMthetho kaZwelonke weNdlela ukuba unayo ikopi.
Umqhubi wesithuthi olayisenisi yakhe imisiweyo yinkundla echubekileyo okanye ligunya ngeli xesha umiso olo lusenamandla.
Apho ilayisenisi yokuqhuba isithuthi irhoxisiweyo ligunya ekungekho nto yalo.
Ukuba ugula sisifo sokuxhuzula esilawulekayo.
Ukuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kukuwa okanye ukufa isiqaqa/isithuthwane ngenxa yonxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye omnye unobangela.
Ufikelela kusiphi isigqibo ekupheleni kwalo msetyenzana?
Xoxa ngale ngongoma neqela lakho ukuze ninike ingxelo kwiklasi yonke.
Umsebenzi 2. Ukungawuthobeli umqondiso wezihamba-ndlela !
Kulo mboniso ungabona kakuhle ukuba umqhubi wesithuthi akayinanzanga konke imiqondiso yesihamba-ndlela. Kukho into engxamisekileyo kwaye le ndlela yiyo emfutshane/ elula ukuya kufika kule ndawo inomlilo. Ingaba umqhubi waphule umthetho?
Kufuneka athathe waphi amanyathelo umqhubi wesithuthi ukubonisa abanye abaqhubi ukuba kukho into engxamisekileyo?
Umsebenzi womqhubi wesithuthi kwindlela kawonke-wonke ngexesha apho isithuthi esinjalo sibandakanyekayo okanye sinenxaxheba nakuyiphi ingozi apho kukho umntu obhubhileyo okanye owenzakeleyo okanye kukho umonakalo ngokubhekiselele kwimpahla okanye kwisilwanyana.
Phawula ibhloko ocinga ukuba ifanelekile.
Uya kususa isithuthi kwindawo leyo xa ingozi leyo ivalela ukuhamba kwezithuthi kwindlela kawonke-wonke ukuze izithuthi zibe nokuhamba.
Nawuphi umntu ongumphathi wegaraji okanye enye indawo apho kulungiswa iimoto okanye indawo apho zisiwa khona iimoto ezibonisa iimpawu zokuba bezihlangene nengozi ngeenjongo yokuba zilungiswe ezo ndawo zonakeleyo, kuya kuthi ngokukhawuleza phambi kokuba ziqaliswe ukulungiswa agcine iingxelo echaza ubume bezo ndawo zonakeleyo, inombolo yenjini, inombolo yetshesi nenombolo yobhaliso okanye uphawu olufana nayo kwanegama nedilesi yomnini nomqhubi wesithuthi eso ukuba ziyaziwa.
Umntu okufuneka egcine ingxelo, uya kuyigcina ingxelo enjalo ithuba leminyaka emithathu ukususela ngomhla eyenziwa ngawo, kwaye ingxelo enjalo inikezelwe kwigosa lendlela xa lithe layicela.
Kumboniso ongentla, kwafa abantu abathathu. Abanye abasindayo benzakala kakhulu baze bangeniswa esibhedlele.
Nzuzo zini abanelungelo lazo abo basindileyo?
Nzuzo zini abanelungelo lazo abo baxhomekeke kwabo babhubhileyo?
Kufuneka balandele yiphi imiqathango ukuze babe nokuzuza kwingxowa-mali?
Umsebenzi 5: Izenzo ezingekho mthethweni ngokunxulumene neepleyiti zobhaliso, iinombolo zobhaliso, iimpawu zobhaliso okanye amaxwebhu athile.
Umqhubi wamiswa kumqobo-ndlela kwaze kwahlolwa imoto. Injini yayiphazanyisiwe kodwa umqhubi wayengayazi loo nto. Ingaba unetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho Xoxa?
Kule yunithi siza kujonga kubume beNgxowa-mali yeNgozi yeNdlela size sitolike uqokelelo-manani eluya kusinika umfanekiso wokwenzekayo minyaka le kwiindlela zethu nemiphumela yoku kokusijikelezileyo kwintlalo noqoqosho. Ukhuseleko endleleni ngumba otshisayo kwilizwe lethu kule mihla njengoko iindlela zethu zijike zaba zizabatha zokufa kuba inani lababhubhayo liyenyuka ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ngumsebenzi karhulumente ukuphawula nokuphungula izinto ezizingxaki ezinegalelo kwiingozi ezininzi zendlela. Isebe lezothutho lize nelinge lokwandisa ukhuseleko ezindleleni zethu ngokuba kuqhutywe uphando lokuphawula iindawo eziphambili ezifuna ukuhoywa ngokukhawuleza.
Ingxowa-mali yeNgozi yeNdlela yinto kawonke-wonke ebekelwe ukuhlawula imbuyekezo kubantu abenzakele kwiingozi zendlela okanye abo baxhomekeke kwabo babhubhe kwiingozi zendlela ezibangelwa kukuqhuba izithuthi ngokungakhathali eMzantsi Afrika. Ibango lenziwa kwifomu emiselweyo (iFomu 1), enika ulwazi olusisiseko ngombangi, izithuthi namaqela abandakanyekayo kungqubano, umhla nendawo yengozi nezixa ezibangwayo.
Iithokheni ezithengwe ngexabiso elinye elimisiweyo zesithuthi ngasinye.
Abantu abaninzi abazange bazithenge iithokheni ngoko ke abakho kwi-nshorensi.
Urhulumente uqalisa irhafu yamafutha kwaye useka iNgxowa-mali yeNgozi yeNdlela.
Indima yee-arhente ze-inshorensi ihlisiwe kwaye amabango aqhutywa yingxowa-mali yona ngokwayo.
Urhulumente nguye obeka irhafu yepetroli kwaye angawulungisa umthetho.
Okuboniswe apha ngezantsi luqokelelo-manani lwephulo lwe- 2001/2002 Arrive Alive.
Onke amaphondo ngaphandle kweMpumalanga anika ingxelo yokwehla kwamanani kwiingozi zokufa kwabantu, ehla kakhulu la manani eMntla Koloni.
Olona hlobo lwengozi lwalunamanani aphezulu, kukugilwa kwabantu; kwiingozi ezili-199, sibalo eso esenza ama-32,3% eengozi zonke zikaDisemba 2001 okwazala ukufa kwabantu abahamba ngeenyawo abangama-274. Kwakhona, ndithanda ukuvakalisa ukukhathazeka kwam ngamanani aphezulu abantu abahamba ngeenyawo abafa ezindleleni mihla le. Urhulumente ekunye namabutho asekuhlaleni kufuneka aqinise amaphulo ethu okhuseleko lwabahamba ngeenyawo ukuze alwe nale ngxaki. Ndiza kwabelana nani ngezinye zezinto esiza kuzenza emva kwengxelo yam.
Phofu ke , naxa siphazamiseka ngamanani abahamba ngeenyawo ababulawayo, inani lokugilwa kwabantu lihle ngama-77 okanye ama-27,9% xa kuthelekiswa noDisemba 2000. NgoDisemba 2000 ukugilwa kwabantu abangama-276 kwaba ngunozala wokufa kwabantu abangama-336.
Ukufa kwabahamba ngeenyawo kwehla ngama-62 okanye 18,5%. Njengokuba ubona kukho inkqubela-phambili kodwa kumele senze ngcono kunoku.
Uhlobo lwesibini lwengozi oluphezulu, kukubhukuqa kwezithuthi zinganye. Apha inani lihle ngesi-1, oko kwenza isibalo esiyi-0.68% ukusuka kwi-146 ngoDisemba 2000 ukuya kwi-145 kuDisemba 2001. Inani lababhubhayo kolu hlobo lwengozi lwanyuka ngama-23 okanye 11,0% lasuka kuma-209 ngoDisemba 2000 ukuya kuma-232 ngoDisemba 2001. Ndithanda ukugxininisa kwakhona kwinto yokuba ingozi yosapho lakwaChego yaba nemiphumela emibi kolu hlobo lwengozi. Ukuba yayingenzekanga loo ngozi ngesinika enye ingxelo eyahlukileyo.
Ukubhukuqa kwezithuthi ukuze kufe abantu kunyuke nge-11,8% ukususela ku-1,43 ngoDisemba 2000 ukuya ku-1,60 ngoDisemba 2001.
Olu hlobo lwengozi lokuntlithana ngeentloko kwezi thuthi lunyuke ngesi-3% okanye nge-5,0% ngoDisemba 2000 laya kuma-63 ngoDisemba 2001. Phofu ke ehla amanani ababhubhayo ngama-26 (19,4%) ukusuka kwi-134 ngoDisemba 2000 ukuya kwi-108 ngoDisemba 2001.
Umlinganiselo ophezulu wokufa 2:2 (oku kuthetha inani labantu abafayo) izithuthi zazibheka calanye. Lo mlinganiselo unyukile nawo nge-10,0%. Iingozi apho izithuthi zintlithana ngeentloko uhlile ngama-23,2%.
Iingozi ezininzi zenzeka phakathi kwentsimbi yesithandathu emalanga neyeshumi elinanye ebusuku. Ezasekuseni zona iingozi (00:00 to 01:00), zinyuke ngaphezulu kwe-100%. Njengakwiminyaka engaphambili zingaphezulu kwama-60% iingozi ezenzeka ngooLwesihlanu, neMigqibelo nangeeCawe. Inyanga yonke ngoDisemba 2001 zange kubekho ngozi eMntla Koloni ngooLwesine. Ukwenzeka kweengozi ngosuku ngeveki nangexesha lemini kwahlala kuyinto enye. Phofu ipesenti yeengozi zempelaveki yehla yasuka kuma-66,37% ngoDisemba 2000 yaya kuma-61,85% ngoDisemba 2001. Ezeveki zona iingozi zenyuka zasuka kuma-33,63% zaya kuma-.38,15%.
Indleko zengozi apho kufe abantu zehle ngama- R56, 72 ezigidi okanye nge- 13,2% zisuka kwindleko yama- R431, 46 ezigidi ngoDisemba 2000 zaya kuma- R374, 74 ezigidi ngoDisemba 2001.
Kungowuphi unyaka apho iingozi zendlela zaziphezulu kakhulu?
Babebangaphi abantu ababhubhayo nabenzakalayo ngaloo nyaka..
Nika nje inani eliyi-avareji labantu ababhubhayo njengoko kubonisiwe kwisicwangciso.
Abahambi = iqela elikhulu lesibini lamaxhoba kwingozi yendlela.
Ithetha ntoni le nto?
Ngokwemigqaliselo yewonga lezoqoqosho nentlalo, abahambi babekwimeko embi kuba amaxhoba ngabaqhubi. Abahambi ngetekisi ngabona bantu bakwimeko elusizi xa bethelekiswa namanye amaxhoba engozi yendlela. Umvuzo wenyanga ukwisithuba se-R1500 (ngokwamaxabiso wowe-1998).
Ngubani onelungelo lokufaka ibango?
Umntu owenzakeleyo (ngaphandle komqhubi ongunobangela wengozi).
Isizalwane esisondeleyo kulowo ubhubhileyo ngokumalunga namalungiselelo omngcwabo.
Umzali okanye umgcini osemthethweni kufuneka ancedise obangayo ongaphantsi kwama-21 ubudala.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukusebenza ibango?
Igqwetha lingakhupha iisamani emva kweentsuku ezili-120 lakuba lifakiwe ibango. Oku kunika lowo uphethe eli bango ukuba agqibe lonke uphando ngezi ntsuku zili-120.
Xa isamani zinikwe iRAF, lowo uphethe ibango angacela ukwandiselwa ixesha . Eli xesha liya kusetyenziswa ukufumanisa ukuba ayingekhe ilungiswe yonke le nto kungakhange kuyiwe enkundleni. Ixhomekeke kwigqwetha into yokuvuma ukulandisa ixesha?
Yintoni inkqubo yokufaka ibango?
Ibango lifakwa kwifomu emiselweyo (Ifomu1) apho kunikwa ulwazi olusisiseko ngumbangi, ngezithuthi namaqela abandakanyekayo kuntlithwano, umhla nendawo yengozi nezixa ezibangwayo. Iquka nengxelo ephuma kugqirha onyangayo. Le fomu yebango ikhatshwa bubungqina obunika iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo ngengozi, iingxelo zamangqina, iingxelo zamapolisa, iingxelo zesibhedlele nezonyango neevawutsha namaxwebhu axhasa izixa ezibangwayo.
Xa ibango selifakiwe, i-RAF iyalibhalisa kumxokelelwano walo wobango ize iqalise ngophando lwayo. Yi-RAF ebonayo ukuba ibango elo lifanelekile (oko kutsho, yayikhona ingozi yendlela, ingaba liyahambelana namagatya angummiselo, lingeniswe ngexesha, njalo njalo) . Zintoni eziyimfaneleko kweli tyala (oko kutsho, impazamo ingakanani, kukhalazelwa okanye kusolwa abaqhubi bezithuthi nombangi ngokulandelelana) Kujongwa nobungakanani bomonakalo okanye ilahleko.
Ukuba ibango alifakwanga ngokupheleleyo, i-RAF ingafuna olunye ulwazi namaxwebhu axhasayo ukuze ibenakho ukuwuhlola kakuhle umbandela.
Luxanduva lwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ifomu ifikile kwi-RAF. I-RAF ayinakubekwa tyala ngefomu ezithunyelwe ngeposi okanye ezithunyelwe ngomnye umntu zaze azafika kuyo.
i Kufuneka kuzaliswe ifomu eyahlukileyo emalunga nomntu owenzakeleyo okanye obhubhileyo okwenziwa ibango egameni lakhe ize ingeniswe.
b Kuxelwe ngokumalunga nebango ngelahleko yengeniso yexesha elizayo kwelinye iphepha nokuba ibalwe njani na loo lahleko.
Igunya elibhaliweyo lohlolo olwenziwa egameni leNgxowa-mali lweengxelo zonke ezimalunga nalowo wenzakeleyo okanye lowo ongasekhoyo ezinokuba sesibhedlele okanye kugqirha malikhaphe le fomu.
Amanqaku 1 -5 ale fomu kufuneka agcwaliswe phambi kokuba le fomu ingeniswe kugqirha ukuba enze ingxelo yonyango.
v Apho kukho ibhloko zokuba umntu aphendule umbuzo, yenza ungxabalaza kwibhloko efanelekileyo.
a i Amagama apheleleyo nedilesi yendawo yokuhlala yombangi.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
i Isikhundla sakhe njengombangi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
Amagama apheleleyo nedilesi yendawo yokuhlala elenziwa egameni lakhe eli bango lesibonelelo.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
Inombolo yeSazisi/yeNcwadana yokundwendwela yaloo mntu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Uzalwano lombangi naloo mntu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Iifotokopi ezichanekileyo zamaxwebhu ezazisi, awencwadana zokundwendwela, awomtshato, izatifiketi zokuzalwa, konke okufanelekilyo mazihambe nale fomu.
c Oonobumba neenombolo zobhaliso i Ukwenziwa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
d Igama nedilesi yomnini ngexesha lengozi.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
e Igama nedilesi yomqhubi ngexesha lengozi.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
i Olunye ulwazi olongezelelweyo ngemoto.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
Kwathathwa waphi amanyathelo ukuze kube nokufunyanwa umnini wemoto.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
a. Umhla .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . (b) Ixesha .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. (c) Indawo .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
d Isikhululo samapolisa ekuxelwe kuso nenombolo yamapolisa esisalathisi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
e Faka ubungqina obukhatshwa sisiketshi sendawo yengozi apho iinkcukacha zengozi zandlalwe khona kakuhle.
a. Oonobumba neenombolo zobhaliso .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
b. (i) Igama lomnini ngexesha lengozi.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
c. (i) Igama lomqhubi ngexesha lengozi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
Ukuba zingaphezulu kwesibini izithuthi ezibandakanyekayo, iinkcukacha kufuneka zinikwe kwelinye iphepha ukuze lidityaniswe kule fomu.
a. Igama elipheleleyo nedilesi.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
b. Inombolo yeSazisi/yeNcwadana yokundwendwela .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. (c) Isini.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . (d) Umhla wokuzalwa.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
e Imo yomtshato ngexesha lengozi : zange watshata utshatile uqhawulwe ngumhlolo/kazi f Ukuba utshatile : kwabelwana ngento yonke umntu unezakhe yedwa ngowesintu g Ishishini okanye umsebenzi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
h Ngexesha lengozi ingaba umntu wayehamba ngenye yezi moto zichazwe kwinqaku 2 okanye 4?
i Ukuba EWE xela : i Oonobumba neenombolo zobhaliso zemoto .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ; nokuba ii ngumhambi okanye ngumqhubi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
j Ukuba umntu ebengengomhambi okanye engengomqhubi kwenye yezi moto zichazwe kwinqaku 2 okanye 4 i wayehamba ngantoni.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...?
Okanye (ii) wayehamba ngeenyawo?
k Igama nedilesi kagqirha obeqhele ukuya kuye .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
l Amagama needilesi zoogqirha abaye bamxilonga emva kwengozi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
m i Walufumana kwesiphi isibhedlele okanye ikhaya lokonga unyango emva kwengozi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..?
okanye njengesigulane esigulela ngaphandle (. ukususela .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ukuya .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..)?
Ukuhlelwa ngeenjongo zesibhedlele : isigulane sasebhedlele isigulane sabucala n Ingaba kukho isigulo owayenaso somzimba phambi kwengozi?
Ukuba EWE , nika iinkcukacha .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
p i Igama nedilesi yomqeshi ngexesha lengozi ukuba umqeshi akakho mnye, xela amagama needilesi zabanye ii Uhlobo lomsebenzi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
q Wenzakala okanye wafa ngeli xesha esesemsebenzini?
j ophuma kwingqesho.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
ophuma kwenye indawo nika iinkcukacha .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Iyonke .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . R.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
a. Indawo awabhubhela kuyo.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
b. Umhla wokufa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
c Ingaba kuyaziwa na ukuba kukho uphando olwenziwayo?
d Ukuba uyazi, xela ukuba kweyiphi inkundla .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
nenombolo esisalathisi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. (faka ikopi yengxelo yophando ukuba ikhona).
e Igama nedilesi yomqokeleli welifa lalowo ongasekhoyo.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
UKUBA UMNTU OXELWE KWINQAKU 5 WAFA KWAYE KUBANGWA ISIBONELELO NGULOWO WONDLIWAYO OKANYE EGAMENI LALOWO WONDLIWAYO KUFUNEKA OLU LWAZI LULANDELAYO MALUNGA NALOWO WONDLIWAYO. Ukuba isibonelelo asibangwa ngumntu omnye okanye asibangelwa umntu omnye , ulwazi olufunekayo ngomntu ngamnye owondliwayo kufuneka lwandlalwe kolunye uxwebhu ukuze ludityaniswe nale fomu.
a. Igama elipheleleyo nedilesi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
b. Inombolo yeSazisi / yeNcwadi yokundwendwela .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
c. Isini.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
d.. .. . (d) Umhla wokuzalwa.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
e Uzalwano nalowo ongasekhoyo .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
f Imo yomtshato ngexesha lengozi : zange watshata utshatile uqhawulwe ngumhlolo/kazi g Ukuba utshatile : kwabelwana ngento yonke umntu unezakhe yedwa ngokwesintu h Ishishini okanye umsebenzi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
i Ingaba kukho into agula yiyo?
j Ukuba EWE, nika iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
Igama nedilesi yomqeshi ngexesha lengozi kwaye lingakanani ixesha eqeshwe apho(ukuba umqeshi akakho mnye, xela amagama needilesi zabanye abaqeshi).. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
j ophuma kwindawo yengqesho.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
ophuma komnye umthombo nika iinkcukacha .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Iyonke .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . R.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
m Iinkcukacha nesixa salo naliphi ilifa okanye naziphi iinzuzo ezifunyenwe kwilifa lalowo ongasekhoyo okanye eziphuma nakowuphi umthombo ngenxa yokufa komntu okubhekiswe kuye kwinqaku 5, ngaphandle kwe-inshorensi ne/okanye iimali zomhlalphantsi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
Kufuneka kunikwe iinkcukacha ezicacileyo malunga nala manqaku alandelayo kwaye kufuneka zikhatshwe ngamaxwebhu axhasayo apho kukho imfuneko. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, ulwazi olufunwa kweli nqaku lunganikwa kolunye uxwebhu luze lusayinwe ludityaniswe nale fomu. Jonga neNqaku ii emantla efomu. Inqaku Isixa a. Iindleko zesibhedlele (izibhedlele zephondo) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
b. Iindleko zesibhedlele (ezinye izibhedlele).. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
c. Iindleko zonyango .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
d. Iindleko zonyango eziqikelelweyo zexesha elizayo .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
e. Ilahleko yemivuzo/ inkxaso ukususela ngomhla wengozi kude kube ngoku.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
f. Ilahleko eqikelelweyo yexesha elizayo yemivuzo nenkxaso.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
g. Iindleko zomngcwabo.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
h. Umonakalo jikelele (intlungu nokuhlupheka, ukulimala okusigxina njalo njalo .) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Iyonke .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . R.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
b Ukuba umbangi sele esifumene isibonelelo ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho weZifo noKwenzakala eMsebenzini, 1993, xela isixa esafunyanwayo.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
Ndiyavakalisa ukuba ngokokwazi kwam ulwazi olunikwe apha kule fomu luyinyaniso kwaye loluchanekileyo ngandlela zonke.
Yasayinwa e .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ngalo .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. mhla we/wama-.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
) okanye ummeli osemthethweni ogunyazisiweyo. (Kule meko yokugqibela ubungqina obubhaliweyo bokuba ugunyazisiwe njengommeli osemthethweni wombangi kufuneka bukhaphe le fomu.
Icandelo 24 (a) lithi le ngxelo iya kugcwaliswa ngugqirha obenyange lowo wenzakeleyo okanye lowo obhubhileyo obenyangwe loo manxeba asemzimbeni ebewafumene kwingozi leyo oluthi olu bango luvele ngenxa yayo okanye nguntsumpa wesibhedlele(okanye ummeli wakhe) apho lowo wenzakeleyo okanye obhubhileyo ebenyangwa khona.
Apho kukho iibhloko zokuba umntu aphendule umbuzo , yenza u-X kwibhloko efanelekileyo.
Igama lomntu engaye le ngxelo .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
b Uyaneliseka ukuba ngulo mntu oxelwe kwinqaku 5 lale fomu yobango?
Umhla owaqala ngawo ukumbona emva kwengozi.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Wawukhe wamnyanga nanini na phambi kwengozi?
Ukuba EWE nika umhla wonyango olunjalo lokugqibela nohlobo lwesigulo, .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...
Kancinci.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
Kakhudlwana .. .. .. .. .. ....
Kakhulu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
U-AA uthi ngenxa yokuhla kwenani lezihamba-ndlela, zimbalwa iingozi ezenzeka ebusuku kunasemini kodwa abantu ababhubha kwezi zasebusuku baninzi. Izinto ezidityaniswa neengozi zasebusuku kukudinwa, ukungazikisi ingqondo, utywala nokungaboni kakuhle kuba kumnyama. Inqanaba lokucingisisa lisezantsi, umntu ke ngoko usuke alithathe kade inyathelo engelithathe kwangoko.
Emva kokushiya indawo ekhanyayo, kuthatha ithuba eliyimizuzu engama-30 ukuba iliso lomntu liqhele indawo emnyama libone malunga nama-80 eepesenti , kungayithatha neyure phambi kokuba umntu abone kakuhle ebusuku. Kumalunga nama-20 eepesenti abantu abadala abangaboni kakuhle- bayashiyana- kusuka kukubona kufutshane kuye kukungaboni ebusuku. Umqhubi ofumanisa ukuba ukuqhuba ebusuku kuyamhlupha makadibane nogqirha wamehlo onokuthi mhlawumbi kufuneka angaqhubi ebusuku.
Kunqande ukujonga kumgama omnye kuba loo nto iya kwenza ukudinwa ngakumbi kwamehlo. Jonga kwiindawo ezisekupheleni kwale ndawo ilayitwe zizibane zemoto. Into engalayitanga kakuhle ibonakala bhetele ukuba ugqala kwicala elinye layo kunokuyijonga phakathi embindini.
Isantya masithotywe ebusuku, ukuze ungaqhubi ngaphezu kokubona kwakho- loo nto ithetha ukuthi kufuneka ukwazi ukumisa phantsi kwazo naziphi iimeko, kumgama olayitwe zizibane zakho. Ukuhamba ngomtha osezantsi , kufuna izantya eziphantsi. Imigama yokulandela esinye isithuthi kufuneka yandiswe ebusuku, ngaphandle kokuba uza kudlula esinye isithuthi, sigcine isithuthi esingaphambili kumgama okude nalo mtha, ungasiphandli.
Izibane mazithotywe sisekude esinye isithuthi esizayo. Ukuba omnye umqhubi akenzi nto danyazisa umzuzwana . Zama ukungaphindisi ngokuba nawe umphandle- kuyingozi engaphaya ukuphandlwa kwabaqhubi ababini endaweni yomnye.
Xa usiya usondela ngakwesinye isithuthi esiya kwelinye icala, ukwigophe ngasekhohlo, nceda thoba izibane kuba kaloku sisenokudlula kwelo gophe umphandle omnye umqhubi. Kwicala langasekunene izibane zakho ziya kukhanyela ngaphandle zingayi kwizihamba-ndlela ezizayo, kodwa ukuba umqhubi ozayo uyazithoba izibane zakhe, nawe yiba nembeko wenze kanjalo.
Izibane kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo ingakumbi xa kucetywa ihambo yasebusuku kwaye isithuthi silayishe kakhulu kunesiqhelo. Xa kukho abahambi ngasemva futhi nebhuthi igcwele isibane siya kukhanya kude kwaye isibane esikhulu siya kubaphandla abaqhubi abezayo singalayitanga endleleni. Uyacetyiswa ukuba uye kuzilungelelanisa izibane egaraji kodwa kwakufunekwa zijikwe kwakhona izibane xa zinomthwalo wesiqhelo.
Ziphumze emva kweeyure ezimbini okanye emva kweekhilomitha ezingama-200.
Bophani amabhanti kwizitulo ezingaphambili nezingasemva.
Musa ukusela uphinde uqhube.
Sebenzisa izibane ezikhulu apho kungabonakali kakuhle , hayi izibane zokupakisha.
Gcina umgama wokulandela emva komnye oyimizuzwana emibini.
Dlula enye imoto xa kukhuseleke ngokupheleleyo ukuba wenze loo nto.
Musa ukusizalisa isithuthi ngaphezulu kunesicelo.
Qiniseka ukuba isithuthi sakho sikulungele ukuhamba endleleni phambi kokuba uhambe.
Yicwangcise kakuhle indlela eya kwiiholide zakho.
Yiba nembeko kwabanye abasebenzisi bendlela.
Iimeko zemvula kunye nobumnyama: Abanye abaqhubi bangathathwa njengeziphazamisi endleleni kwiimeko ezinje. Funda ukuphawula abaqhubi abayingozi kwaye uqhube kude kunabo. Akukhathaliseki nokuba ucatshukiswe kangakanani nceda zibambe ungaphindisi ingazala enye into loo nto, isuke kuntlithwano iye kudubulwano?
Nasiphi isithuthi esiza kwenza umqhubi angaboni kakuhle- njengesithuthi esigcweleyo size singabinaso isipili sasecaleni.
Nasiphi isithuthi esimdaka, esinomhlwa, esinamalungu angekhoyo okanye esinombhobho oqhumayo.
Itrakhi emiswe kakubi okanye enomthwalo ongakhuselekanga, ukutsho oko enomthwalo ongabotshwanga kakuhle okanye imoto enomthwalo omkhulu kakhulu- umthwalo okanye inxalenye yawo ungawa.
Imoto ekhwelise abantwana abadlalayo okanye izilwanyana ezingamaqabane?
Iimoto enezitikha ezifestileni , iingqumba zemithwalo, inani eliphezulu labahambi okanye iimpahla ezijingisiweyo- umqhubi usenokungaboni kakuhle.
Isithuthi esinomqhubi ongathi akazikisi ukucinga apha endleleni.
Umqhubi ophazamisayo ongakuvumeliyo ukuba udlule.
Isithuthi esigqib indlela mhlawumbi kukho umonakalo kwivili lokuqhuba okanye kwisaspenshini, okanye umqhubi unxilile okanye uyozela?
Xa lithi ndithenge naxa kusayo.
Emalanga xa abantwana bephuma ezikolweni.
Emva kwentlanganiso enkulu kawonke-wonke nangemidlalo yombhoxo okanye iintlanganiso zemidyarho.
Xa iphela iveki nangeempelaveki xa abantu besiya besela kakhulu.
Ngeemini zeholide zikawonke-wonke nangeempelaveki xa abaqhubi abaninzi bejolise ekubukeni iindawo ngaphezu kokuqhuba kakuhle.
Akafanelanga umqhubi ukuba ahlale kwindledlana (ileyini) yasekunene aze anyanzelise ezinye izithuthi ukuba zidlule kuye ngasekhohlo kuba ebanga into yokuba uqhuba ngesantya esamkelekileyo emthethweni. Omnye imqhubi usenokuba nesizathu esivakalayo esimenza asidlule isantya esimisiweyo. Ukumvalela kungakhokelela kwimeko enobungozi apho ke ngoku omnye usenokuba nomsindo angakwazi ukuzibamba.
Ngomzuzu kaxakeka danyazisa izibane zakho zomzuzu wokuxakeka nezibane zakho ezikhulu uze uqhube ngesantya esikhuselekileyo. Yithobele imithetho yendlela ungaqhubi ngokungakhathali..
Le ngcebiso iphuma kwabakwa-AA ilandela iingxelo eziphuma kubaqhubi abazenza amapolisa abavala indledlana yangasekunene apho kukho iindledlana ezininzi?
Naxa ukuqhuba kwindledlana yomzuzu kaxakeka emini kuvumelekile phantsi kwamagatya athile, izithuthi ezilandelayo azinalungelo zokutyhiliza ezinye izithuthi ngokuba zizinyanzele ukuba ziqhube ngaphaya komgca omthubi ukuze zona zidlule.
Abakwa-AA babongoza abaqhubi ukuba banyamezelane babenomonde ezindleleni baqhube ngokuzikhusela ngaphuzulu kokuba nomoya wokulwa.
Ukuba nembeko endleleni kwenza ukuqhuba kube mnandi kuye wonke umntu?
Yonke iminyaka eMzantsi Afrika kufa abantu abasondele kwi-10 000 ukuze abali-150 000 benzakale kwiingozi zendlela. Amanani abaphezulu kakhulu ngexesha leeholide zikaDisemba. Kuyintlungu enkulu ukulahleka kobomi kodwa nendleko yoqoqosho inkulu.
Kufuneka kubekho indlela yokuthoba oku kufa kungaka nale ntlungu. Inene kuyafuneka. Ifuna nje imizuzwana elishumi yokucinga nenyathelo. Imizuzwana elishumi enokusindisa ubomi bakho ngumyalezo olula ongqalileyo. Umyalezo ngulo wokuba amanyathelo akhawulezileyo, alula asimahla athatha imizuzwana elishumi angakhusela ubomi. Ke, loo manyathelo?
Babeke ngalo lonke ixesha abantwana kwisihlalo sabantwana : Kuntlithwano apho isantya ingama-50 eekhilomitha ngeyure, umntwana ominyaka mine obunzima bungama-20 eekhilogrem angagila into yokuqala eqinileyo ngamandla angama-400 eekhilogrem. Ukusebenzisa isitulo somntwana esifakwe kakuhle kungalihlisa inani leengozi ezibulalayo ngama-75%. Ngoko sihlole isitulo somntwana esisemotweni yakho. Ingaba sifakwe ngokukhuselekileyo. Ingaba siyisayizi eyiyo Uyasisebenzisa na Siyazi ukuba abantwana bangakhe bakhalaze okwexeshana. Kodwa kubhetele kwaloo nto kunokungena engozini?
Zibeke ngalo lonke ixesha impahla ebhuthini. Ukuba imoto kufuneka imise ngokungxama, incwadi yemephu engasemva iya kubetha abantu abasemotweni ngamandla ngokungathi ukhatywe ngekarati. Ikhamera yona ivele ifane nesiqhushumbisi sesandla ukuze sona isambuleni sifane nemisayili ebulalayo. Izinto/ impahla ebezithengwe lusapho zingabulala. Zifake ebhuthini.
Soloko usimisa ngendlela isitulo nale ndawo yokukhusela intloko. Yindawo yokukhusela intloko hayi eyokuyiphumza yenzelwe ukuba ikhusele ukupetyeka kwentamo, nto leyo ethanda ukwenzeka kwiingozi zemoto. Nakwizantya ezisezantsi ezingangeekhilomitha ezilishumi abantu basenokwenzakala kakhulu.
Soloko ulibopha ibhanti lakho kwaye uqiniseke ukuba wonke umntu osemotweni ulibophile. Siyaphinda, wasebenzise ngalo lonke ixesha amabhanti.
Abakwa-AA bayagxininisa ukuba asingomabhanti angaphambili kuphela amele ukuba abotshwe. Namabhanti angasemva ayabukhusela ubomi.
Kubalulekile ukusetyenziswa kwamabhanti kuhambo ngalunye, nokuba lufutshane kangakanani na, kubaluleke kumntu wonke osemotweni. Kuya kukhusela abahambi nabaqhubi ngokunjalo. Umhambi ongabophanga kwimoto ekwingozi yokuntlithana angabangquba abanye ngamandla alingana nawendlovu encinci.
Amanyathelo amane alula athatha imizuzwana kwaye anokukhusela ubomi. Wacinge. Kwaye wenze.
Abakwa-AA balwa ukungeniswa ngaphakathi elizweni kwamatayara angamasekeni athi asetyenziswe kwizithuthi ezikhwelisa amawaka-waka abantu.
Ngenxa yokungabikho kweendawo zamatayara ezisemgangathweni ishishini lamatayara linyanzelekile ukuba lifune amatayara kwamanye amazwe ukuze liwahlaziye. Naxa oku kufuneka kube nemvume, maninzi amatayara angenayo etsiba imida ukuze ke ngoku athengiselwe umnini wemoto okanye umnini wetekisi. Lawo angena ngemvume akukho siqinisekiso sokuba aya kubahlaziyi bamatayara abasemthethweni, kwaye akuhlolwa yonke imithwalo engenayo.
Khumbula- amatayara ngamalungu amancinane adibanisa indlela nesithuthi, kwimeko yemozulu eyomileyo okanye emanzi.
Oyena ndoqo phambi kokuthatha uhambo kukujonga ukhuseleko lwesithuthi. Izibane, izalathisi, izosuli zefesitile engaphambili emotweni, iziqhoboshi, ivili lokuqhuba, umxokelelwano wombhobho okhupha umoya namatayara mazihlolwe ngocoselelo. Abanini-moto abangaqinisekanga ngezithuthi zabo ukuba zikulungele na ukuba sendleleni bangenza uvavanyo lwezithuthi ngomrhumo ongephi kwiZiko loBuchwepheshe lakwa-AA elikhoyo kuMzantsi Afrika wonke.
Abanini-zimoto bayacetyiswa ukuba basoloko bene-fan belt nombhobho weradiyetha ebhuthini nokuba isithuthi emva kohlolo sifunyaniswe silungile. Oku kungonga ixesha nemali endleleni xa kukho umonakalo . Uyacetyiswa kwakhona ukuba uphathe esinye isitshixo se-ignishini.
Uyacetyiswa kwakhona ukuba phambi kokuba uthathe uhambo olude jonga iipolisi ze-inshorensi. Kufuneka ii-inshorensi zezithuthi, ezendlu nezobomi zibe semgceni.
Ukuziswa kwephephandaba nobisi makumiswe kwaye izilwanyana ezingamaqabane zilungiselelwe. Esinye isilumkiso sesokuba abahambi mabazise isikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane ukuba baza kuhamba.
Iintsapho ezihamba kwindlela ezingayiqhelanga mazicwangcise uhambo lwazo. Abakwa-AA banika amalungu abo iimephu zendlela, izicwangciso zedolophu, iibhrowutsha neengxelo zendlela. Ukuba ufuna isicwangciso sohambo sakho bangakwenzela njengelungu. Kuhle ukusebenzisa indlela yomntu wonke , hayi indlela ezibetha ngemva nokuba zimfutshane.
Abakwa-AA balawula imixokelelwano ye-SOS efakwe liSebe lezoThutho koohola bendlela. Iifowuni zeSOS zishiyana ngeekhilomitha ezimbini, uncedo luyafumaneka ngefowuni?
Xa kuhanjwa abanini-moto mabaqinisekise ukhuseleko lwabo nolweentsapho zabo nolwabanye abasebenzisi bendlela ngokuba babophe amabhanti kwaye bavule isithuba semizuzwana emibini emva kwesithuthi abasilandelayo. Umgama wokulandela mawandiswe ebusuku kwiimeko zenkungu nemvula naxa indlela imanzi.
Ukudinwa nokudinwa kwamehlo kunganqandwa ngokuba kumane kumiswa. Nokutshintsha-tshintsha abaqhubi kulungile. Kucetyiswa ukuba kuphunyulwe emva kweeyure ezimbini okanye emva kwama-200 eekhilomitha, oku kuya kulihlisa izinga lokudinwa.
Iimoto mazitshixwe xa zingenamntu kwaye makungashiywa izinto ezibalulekileyo esichengeni apho zinokubonwa ngabadlulayo. Musa ukushiya abantwana okanye izilwanyana ezingamaqabane kwimoto etshixiweyo, ubushushu obukhulayo ngaphakathi bunokubangela ukudinwa, ukufa icala okanye ukufa.
Kubalulekile ukuba abanini-moto baphathe iilayisenisi zabo ngalo lonke ixesha. Oku kufunwa ngumthetho.
Misa ngoko nangoko.
Jonga ukuba ukwenzakala kungakanani na kwaye unike uncedo kwabenzakeleyo.
Biza amapolisa okanye i-ambulensi ukuba kukho obhubhileyo okanye owenzakaeleyo.
Ukuba isithuthi sivala indlela yonke, ungasisusa emveni kokuba uyiphawulwe indawo ebesikuyo kodwa ukuba kukho umntu obhubhileyo okanye owenzakeleyo ungakwenza oko emveni kokuba ufumene imvume kumagosa endlela.
Veza ilayisenisi yakho yokuqhuba uze uxele emapoliseni ingozi leyo zingaphelanga iiyure ezingama-24 uze ufumane nenombolo esisalathisi eza kufunwa yi-inshorensi.
Bhala ingxelo ngale ndawo yengozi ngokwenza iziketshi, ukuba kukho indlela, thatha neefoto.
Musa ukwenza iintetho ezingakubekityala kwaye sukuvuma ityala?
Bhala iinkcukacha zabanye namangqina neemeko zolu ntlithwano.
Musa ukubasusa abantu abenzakele kakhulu kwaye nceda ngoko ukwaziyo ukukwenza okanye ngokoqeqesho onalo.
Qiniseka ukuba isithuthi sakho sirhuqwa ngumboneleli weenkonzo zokurhuqa owaziwayo kwaye fumanisa ukuba uza kubizwa malini, yonke loo nto ibhalwe phantsi phambi kokuba isithuthi sakho sithathwe.
Qaphela: Ubungakanani be-alikhoholi evumelekileyo emzimbeni yi-0,05 iigrem kwigazi elili-100 leemililitha kubaqhubi babucala kanti kubaqhubi ekungumsebenzi wabo ukuqhuba yi-0,02. Lo mda awumisi inani lokuba ungasela kangakanani na kuba oko kuxhomekeke kubunzima bomzimba wakho, kodwa i-avareji yomzimba engama-(85kg) ingaziiglasi ezimbini zewayini.
Iimoto zenzelwe ukuba zihambe kwindlela eme kakuhle okanye egobe nje kancinci. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba uliyeka lihambe eli vili kwindlela ethe tyaba imoto imele ihlale ithe ngqo ithutyana phambi kokuba ikekelele ngasekhohlo ngenxa yokuma kwendlela. Ukuba iyabhadula kancinci iya ngapha nangapha kungenziwa oko ngamavili angalungelalananga, ivili lokuqhuba eliyekeyeke okanye umthwalo ongabekwanga ngokulungelelana.
Ukuba isithuthi siyaqala siya ecaleni ngomzuzu nje usiyeka, loo nto ingenziwa kukungalingani komoya kumathayara asekhohlo nawasekunene, amatayara angalinaniyo, isipringi esaphukileyo okanye esigugileyo. Mhlawumbi isenokuba ngomnye umonakakalo obuxelwe kumhlathi ongentla.
Ukuba ujika ikona ebukhali ukuze ivili lokuqhuba lingavumi ukubuyela ngqo okanye kufuneka ulijije ngamandla, oko kungenziwa ngumoya osezantsi kumathayara, izidibanisi ezibopheneyo zevili lakuqhuba, iingalo zesaspenshini ezonakaleyo, ukungalungelelani kwegiye yevili lokuqhuba okanye izipringi ezigugileyo. Ukuba ivili lokuqhuba alinamandla okuzijikela, mhlawumbi ifluwidi isezantsi, impompo inomonakalo, isivingco sesipulu sincangathi, ibhanti liyekeyeke okanye kukuvaleka kombhobho.
Ukujika kwevili lokuqhuba ngamandla kungabangela ukubuya kwalo kwangeso santya. Ukungemi kakuhle kwevili lokuqhuba kunokubangelwa kukungadibani kwalo kakuhle, ibhokisi yeli vili okanye ivili langaphambili elingalungelelana. Umoya kwivili elinamandla okuzijika ungabangela ukujika kwalo ngamandla.
Ukutshixiza kwamatayara kwiikona kubangwa luxinzelelo olusezantsi kumathayara kodwa kusenokubangelwa ligophe.
Musa ukuthemba ujeke. Kungcono uthenge izinto zokumisa eziqinileyo uze usebenzise zona ngalo lonke ixesha ufuna ukungena ngaphantsi kwemoto.
Susa i-earth strap kwibhetri ukuze ingaqalisi injini ngempazamo, iqalise umlilo okanye yenze shushu ijuwelari okanye iwotshi yakho ukuba ubambe ucingo oluvulekileyo.
Qiniseka ukuba zonke izinto zombane zicinyiwe xa ususa i-strap, okanye kungakho intlantsi enokwenza ibhetri idubule.
Musa ukushiya izixhobo phezu kwebhetri apho zinokwenza ishothi kwitheminali kuze kudaleke intlantsi.
Mazibe kude iimpahla neenwele ezingabotshwanga kumalungu ashukumayo.
Nxiba izinto ezikhusela amehlo xa amehlo akho ekumngcipheko , mhlawumbi xa ujija okanye ubhola.
Musa ukuyizalisa ngokugqithileyo i-sump okanye nayiphi indawo enguvimba kuba isenokonakalisa izivalo okanye yenze izinto zingasebenzi kakuhle.
Musa ukusisusa isivalo seradiyetha kumxokelelwano wokupholisa. Ukuba kufuneka uvulile, bamba ngesiziba apha kwisiciko kwaye ume ecaleni uvule kancinci uthe chu.
Musa ukugalela amanzi abandayo kwinjini eshushu kuba loo nto ingabangela umonakalo. Ukuba awunandlela yimbi, wagalele amanzi kancinci ngeli xesha injini ihambayo.
Musa ukuvumela abantwana okanye izilwanyana zibe kufutshne nemoto ngoku uyisebenzayo.
Nceda yiba nesicimi-mlilo kufutshane nendawo osebenza kuyo.
Musa ukuzama ukucima idangatye lombane ngamanzi, kungcono usebenzise isanti.
Qaphela xa uphethe ibhetri okanye uyisebenza kuba kaloku i-asidi echithekileyo ingenza imigqobho empahleni yakho okanye ikonakalise isikhumba.
Musa ukuyidumisa ixesha elide injini kwindawo evalekileyo.
Ipetroli awunakuyithemba, ingakumbi xa ingumoya ngenxa yokuba wawukhe wayichitha kumbhobho oshushu akwenzeka nto awunakuthi angekhe kwenzeke nto kwixesha elizayo.
Wenza ntoni xa imoto yakho ivele ime Thatha iselula yakho. Kodwa kuhle ukhangele ukuba yintoni umonakalo. Ukuba kukho iingxolo ezitshixizayo okanye amavili atshixekile , loo nto ithetha ukuba ingxaki inkulu. Ukuba akukho ngxolo noko kukho ithemba lokuba ingxaki ayikho nkulu?
Inyathelo lokuqala kukujonga kwibhonethi ukuba akukho ngcingo zaphukileyo na, impompo yamafutha eyaphukileyo okanye nayiphi enye into enokuba iyavuza.
Igeyiji yamafutha ibonisa ntoni Ukuphelelwa yipetroli yinto eyenzakayo nakubani na?
Hlola indawo enokuba nentlantsi eqinileyo. Susa enye yeentambo zeplagi uze uyibambe uyisondeze ngakule ndawo isisinyithi uze ususe intloko yesilinda ngeli xesha omnye ajija isihambisi-njini i-ignishini ilayitiwe. Qiniseka ukuba awuphathi nanye indawo esisinyithi yentambo yeplagi okanye ungothuka kakubi. Umele ubone intlantsi ebhlowu eqinileyo, ukuba ibuthathaka kwaye imthubi, okanye akukho phawu lwantlantsi , khangela i-roto arm phantsi kwesiciko sedistribhiyutha, uqiniseke ukuba ayophukanga okanye ayiguganga. Hlola kwakhona ibhrashi yekhabhoni embindini wesiciko ukuba iyadibana na ne-rotor arm. Ukuba ezi zinto zonke zime kakuhle, jonga kwicala elingaqinanga kakhulu.
Ucingo olungaqinanga lusuka kwikhoyili ye-ignishini luye kwicala ledistribhiyutha. Lucingwana olubhityileyo oluthanda ukophuka kule ndawo lungena kuyo kwidistribhiyutha. Ukuba lume kakuhle kwaye ukuba imoto inedistribhiyutha yakudala eenepoyintsi, kufuneka ke ususe isiciko sedistribhiyutha uze uvule iipoyinti ngeskrudrayiva ngoku ilayitiweyo i-ignishini. Kumele kuvele intlantasana njengokuba uvula iipoyinti. Ukuba intlantsi iyabonakala ngoko ke ungathatha ngokuba eli cala lingaqinanga kakhulu lilungile kodwa ukuba ayikho ithetha ukuba kukho undonakale kwiingcingo. Ukuba iipoyinti zivulekile xa ususa isiciko kufuneka ujikelezise injini ngesihambisi-njini de zivaleke phambi kokuba uzame ukuzivula.
Into yokugqibela omawuyihlole kukuba amafutha ayafika kwikhaboretha. Susa indawo engasentla kwisicoci-moya ujonge ukuba amafutha akakhwivi na kumqala wekhebhu ukuba ujija ingalo ethe nca kwi-throttle butterfly.
Olu hlolo luya kukunceda ufumane oonobangela bokuba imoto ime ungayimisanga.
Amatayara makahlolwe rhoqo kwaye olu luhlu lulandelalyo lubalula ezinye izinto emazijongwe. Ukuba enye yezi meko ikho yiya kwingcali yamatayara.
Ukuphela icala. Oku kwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuguda kwethayara ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwalatha umonakalo.
Ukutyeka ngaphakathi. Lo monakalo wenziwa luxinzelelo oluphezulu lwamatayara. Ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu imigama emide, mathayara ekumgangatho osezantsi kungawenza lo monakalo kuba ukuhamba ngesantya esili-120km/h kulitya ngokukhawuleza okuphindwe kabini ithayara xa uhamba ngama-70km/h.
Ukutyeka ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukuphela komphandle nomphakathi kungathetha ukuba uxinzeklelo kumathayara bolusezantsi kwisantya sesiqhelo.
Kubalulekile ukuba amatayara abe noxinzeleleo olululo. Ukuba lusezantsi luyawachapahazela amatayara ngeendlela ezininzi.
Xa isantya sinyuka kubakho into eyenzekayo apha kwitredi eyenza ubushushu obugqithileyo ukuze kwenzeke umonakalo kwisakhiwo, loyisakale ithayara. Oku kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwevili lokuqhuba, nozinzo lwesithuthi. Nokuhamba ngamaxesha athile ngoxinzelelo olusezantsi, nokuzaliswa kakhulu kwesithuthi kunokwenza umonakalo ohamba uhambe ude uvele.
Uxinzelelo lwamatayara nolo lwethayara lokulalelisa kufuneka luhlolwe kanye ngeveki phambi kokuba abe shushu amatayara, oku kuthetha ukuba phambi komgama we-10km, kusetyenziswe igeyiji eyiyo.
Iziciko zevalvu ezingekhoyo mazifunwe zibuyiselwe ukunqanda uthuli ukuba lungavali ivalvu kuba loo nto ingenza uxinzeleleo lomoya lulahleke.
Utshintsha-tshintsho lwamatayara luyancoywa zezinye iinkampani , ezinye azithethi nto kanti yena u-BMW uyalukhaba. Ukuwatshintsha-tshintsha kwenza aguge ngokulinganayo kodwa ekugqibeleni kufuneka ethengwe onke ngexesha elinye, idla kakhulu ke loo nto.
Le modyuli iya kusinika ithuba lokuba sikhe sijonge uMgaqo-siseko kaZwelonke woshishino kwanendlela imigaqo-siseko yeengingqi ezimise ngayo ukuba ixhase iimbono zeBhunga likaZwelonke.
Kuphuhlisa ukuziqonda iindima ezahlukeneyo ze-SANTACO.
Kuyiqaphela injongo nesakhiwo soMgaqo-siseko omncinane osemgangathweni weMibutho yeeTekisi..
Ukwaneliseka yiyo nantoni na ngeenkonzo zabamanyama kwakhokelela kwishishini elingalawulwayo, elingaluqhubi kakuhle urhwebo kwaye elinobundlobongela, ugrogriso nokuxhatshazwa.
Eyona njongo ephambili yeBhunga laseMzantsi Afrika likaZwelonke leetekisi (i-SANTACO) kukuseka ishishini lothutho leetekisi elinganabundlobongela, elimanyeneyo,, elinedemokhrasi nelikhutheleyo elikhonza isizwe ngothutho olungumzekelo, olufikelelekayo nolukhuselekileyo eliqwalasele zonke izinto ezakha ishishini leetekisi.
Ukubonisana nokuthethana norhulumente kumanqanaba onke.
Ulungelelwaniso lwezimvo zamalungu alo kwimibandela yeshishini nokumelwa kwamalungu kumaqela engingqi, esithili, ephondo, kazwelonke, elizwe lase-Afrika nelizwe jikelele..
Ukumela ishishini leetekisi nokuba kuphi nokuba kunini xa kufuneka njalo.
Ukukhuthaza ukuxhotyiswa kwabamnyama kwezoqoqosho kwishishini lothutho.
Ukutshintsha indlela ababona ngayo kwanengqondo zabanini beebhasi ezincinci kwanabasebenzi baqonde ukuba akhona amanye amathuba amaninzi kwishishini lothutho.
Ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano nosetyenziso lweendlela ezininzi phakathi kweendidi ezahlukeneyo zothutho.
Ukuguqula ishishini leetekisi libe lishishini elikhulu nelinika inkonzo yothutho ngokuhambiselana neemfuno ezitshintshayo zokusebenza kwintloko yoThutho lwaseMzantsi Afrika namashishini amanyeneyo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ishishini leetekisi ezizibhasi ezincinane lidlala indima ebonakalayo kukhuseleko ezindleleni nakuthutho lwabantu olukhuselekileyo nolunenkathalo.
Ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezingangxoli kakhulu ezikulungeleyo okusingqongileyo ekunikweni kweenkonzo zothutho, ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yendalo nokungcoliseka ukuncinci kwamanzi nomoya.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu alo ayaqonda ukuba ayabandakanyeka ekunikweni kweenkonzo zikawonke-wonke ezinemiphumela ebalulekileyo kuwonke-wonke kwaye kufuneka ziqhube ngendlela enenkathalo.
Ukufundisa uluntu ngokhuseleko endleleni namanye amanyathelo okhuseleko.
Ukwenza kubekho abantu abanamagunya okujongana nezikhalazo ezingokunikwa kweenkonzo kwishishini.
Ukuphuhlisa imiqathango nemimiselo yokulawula ukhuseleko lweshishini lothutho ngokuchanekileyo nangenkuthalo.
Ukuqalisa, ukukhuthaza nokugxeka ngendlela eyakhayo kwaye kuchaswe uwiso-mthetho okanye ulungiso okanye utshintsho emthethweni, kwinkqubo echaphazela ishishini lothutho.
Ukungazivumeli izenzo ezenzelwa ukunyathela amalungelo eshishini lothutho nawamalungu.
Ukuba lilungu okanye ukusebenzisana namaqela asemxholweni ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweRiphabhlikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, ngokomdla weshishini lothutho lweebhasi ezincinci.
Umbutho njengomntu ongumqondisi-mthetho obhaliswe njengecandelo lama-21 leNkampani?
Nokuzinikela kwayo ekuziseni idemokhrasi nenkqubela-phambili kumabutho asekuhlaleni anembali yokuhleleleka kwishishini lothutho likawonke-wonke.
Eli candelo lomgaqo-siseko lijongene nemithetho-siseko emininzi emisela isakhiwo, ubulungu, imiqathango, imimiselo, amaphulo oshishini, ululeko neemfanelo zemvumelwano ze-SANTACO.
Amalungelo noxanduva nenyathelo loluleko neminye imibandela ekweli candelo.
Eli candelo lijongene nokwakheka kombutho.
Umzobo olandelayo ubonisa amanqanaba onxibelelwano. Imisebenzi noxanduva lwezakhiwo ezincinci nabantu icaciswe kwizintlu zazo..
Eli candelo lijongene namatyala ohlukeneyo namanyathelo oluleko aza kuthathelwa abantu ngabanye.
Lo msebenzi ujongene nezinye iZahluko phantsi kwemithetho-siseko nokubaluleka kwembasa yeBhunga.
Eli candelo loMgaqo-siseko lijongene nemigaqo-nkqubo namaqumrhu asebenzela ukuphumeza umbono nenjongo ye-SANTACO.
Kuqonda injongo nesakhiwo soMgaqo-siseko omncinane weMibutho yeeTekisi.
Umbutho weeTekisi weNgingqi uya kuba namalungu angama-30 ubuncinane abufaneleyo ubulungu ngokwemigqaliselo yoMgaqo-siseko woMbutho weNgingqi. UMbutho weNgingqi unganamalungu angaphantsi kwama-30 xa kukho imvume ebhaliweyo ye-PMC yeBhunga leetekisi lePhondo ebiceliwe yaze yanikwa.
Uya kuba mnye kuphela uMbutho weNgigqi owamkelwayo ngokomda wendawo. Ungajikwa ke lo mthetho emva kwemvume ebhaliweyo ye-PMC yeBhunga leeTekisi lePhondo ikunye neye- SANTACO ibiceliwe yaze yavunywa.
Iindawo ekusetyenzwa kuzo (iindlela ezibhalisiweyo ezisebenza amalungu ombutho kufuneka zidweliswe ngumbutho).
Iintlanganiso zekomiti elawulayo.
Imisebenzi namalungelo amalungu.
Intlanganiso jikelele yamalungu.
Bhekisa kuMsebenzi 2 iModyuli 5 kwincwadi yomsebenzi.
Nika ingxelo kwiqela lonke.
Umbuzo 1. Ingaba umsebenzi olandelayo ngomnye weenjongo ezixeliweyo zombutho Ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu asebenza ngokwegunya leelayisenisi zabo nangokomthetho nje ngokubanzi?
Umbuzo 4. Idlala yiphi indima iKomiti ekhoyo kuqeqesho nophuhliso kwaye kufuneka abe mangaphi amalungu?
Umbuzo 5. Xoxa ngemeko enye apho ubulungu bunokupheliswa.
Umbuzo 8. Mangaphi amalungu ekufuneka abe yinxalenye yokuvulwa kwe- akhawunti yebhanki yombutho?
Umbuzo 9. Mangaphi amalungu (%) ekufuneka ekho ukuze kube nokuthathwa isigqibo sokuchitha umbutho?
Kwenza umsetyenzana wokumatanisa oza kwenza ukuba uyiqonde i-NQF ukuba ingantoni na.
Kuxoxa ngeemeko eziza kukunceda uphendule imibuzo enxulumene nokufunda kokuqala (RPL) novavanyo.
Kuphawula amathuba oqeqesho kwishishini leetekisi.
Injongo yale ntshayelelo kukukunika isiseko esiya kukwenza ukwazi ukulandela iingxoxo namaqumrhu abandakanyekayo kwimfundo noqeqesho.
Apha siza kukwazisa ngokufutshane ngamaqumrhu neendlela ezibekiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba imfundo noqeqesho ezisemgangathweni ziyaqhubeka.
Esi silandelayo sisikhokelo esiya kusisebenzisa njengesalathisi xa sisebenza kwezi Modyuli 6, 7 & 8.
Kubonisa ukuqonda kwakutheni zekubekho iNkqubo-sikhokelo kaZwelonke yeZifundo Eziphunyelelweyo kwaye yenziwa kanjani loo nto.
Masikunike imizekelo embalwa yale mithetho-siseko ukuze ube nokuqonda ukubaluleka kwe-NQF.
Kudibanisa imfundo noqeqesho. Ngale nkqubo uyakwazi ukusuka kwenye indawo yokufunda uye kwenye.
Nge-NQF ungamkelwa ngenxa yoko okufundileyo nokuba bekucwangcisiweyo okanye kungacwangciswanga. Uya kuvavanywa koko okufundileyo uze ubekwe kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lemfundo noqeqesho.
UTshepo usebenze kwifektri yepeyinti iminyaka emininzi njengowongameleyo. Uthunyelwe kwiikhosi ezimfutshane ezininzi zolawulo lwabasebenzi kwaye unezatifiketi. Ufake izicelo zemisebenzi emininzi waze waxelelwa ukuba azamkelwa.
Nge-NQF, amava kaTshepo neekhosi azenzileyo ezimfutshane zingavavanywa ukuze zamkeleke. Angasebenza kwisebe lomthombo woluntu kwinkampani apho izakhono zobuchwepheshe zidityaniswe namava akhe kumgangatho wevenkile nomdla ekuxhaseni abasebenzi, zingamenza awufanele umsebenzi wokusebenza ngabantu.?
USipho ube ngumqhubi wetekisi iminyaka emine eRhawutini. Ukugqibela kwakhe ukuphuma wahlangana nengozi waze walahlekelwa ngumlenze , nto leyo eyamenza akakwazi ukuqhuba. Ngeli xesha wayesaqhuba wabonisa umdla kwizinto zombane , emana elungisa izinto efakela nezinto zombane emizini yabantu. Wafunda izakhono ezininzi eziluncedo.
Endaweni yokuhlala ekhaya acinge okokuba kuphelile ngaye, angenza isigqibo sokuba aqeqeshwe njengencutshe yombane. Izakhono aziphuhlisileyo ezinokumnceda ayigqibe ikhosi, ziya kuvavanywa kwaye angafumana iikhredithi ngazo.
Eminye imithetho-siseko ebalulekileyo inikiwe ngezantsi kodwa ayichazwanga. Funa olunye ulwazi ngezi zinto kwaye uya kuqalisa ukukuqonda ukubaluleka kwe-NQF!
NdinguThabo ndineminayka engama-25 ubudala. Ndaphuma esikolweni emva kwebanga lesi-6. Ndingumqhubi wetekisi kodwa ndinqwenela ukuba ngumcwangcisi-mali.
UThabo kufuneka afumane indledlana yokufunda ukuze aphumelele izifundo kwibhendi i-FET. Amava akhe adlulileyo aya kuvavanywa ngokweziphumo zesifundo nemigangatho yovavanyo. Ke ngoku angakhetha icala elisemxholweni kwibhendi ye-FET kwaye akugqiba ukufunda kwinqanaba lesi-4 angaqhuba nomsebenzi wakhe.
NdinguVusi kwaye ndisebenze njengomsebenzi weziqhoboshi kwishishini lobunjineli uninzi leminyaka. Abaqeshi bam bandithumela kwiikhosi kwiziko loqeqesho lenkampani yethu ukuze niphuhlise izakhono zam endifumene izatifiketi ngazo. Inkampani yam iqulunqwa ngokutsha kwaye ndiyoyika ukudendwa. Ndingathanda ukufaka isicelo somsebenzi kwelinye ishishini, kodwa ndixelelwe ukuba izatifiketi zam azamkelwa. Ndinqwenela ukuba ndibe ligcisa, mhlawumbi umfakeli okanye umguquli. Ingaba izakhono nolwazi lwam ziya kubalwa okanye kufuneka ndiqale ekuqaleni?
Nge-NQF, iikhredithi zikaVusi ziya kubhaliswa kwingxelo yakhe yokufunda. Uya kukwazi ukuzisebenzisa ezo zisemxholweni kumsebenzi omtsha okanye kwimeko yokufunda. Ngezi khredithi zamkelweyo angaqhubela phambili kwindledlana yakhe yomsebenzi kwelinye ishishini okanye akhethe indledlana yokufunda eza kumphumelelisa abe ligcisa.
Abantu bahamba kanjani phakathi kwamanqanaba ohlukeneyo?
Uya kuzifumana njani izifundo eziphunyelelweyo?
Matanisa amagama akuluhlu A nezimvo/ izivakalisi phantsi koluhlu B Bhala inombolo kuLuhlu A nonobumba ohambelanayo kuLuhlu B.
F. Ukwamkelwa kwento yokuba usizuzile isiphumo seyunithi yomsebenzi.
a Umsebenzi wasekhaya ongaphumelelanga iBanga 3 Isigaba 5?
c Umqhubi wetekisi ophumelele iBanga 8 isigaba 10 kwaye usafuna ukuqhuba afunde d Umqhubi wetekisi ogqibe imatriki kwaye ofuna ukufunda etekhnikhoni.
Ingaba uyakwazi ukuphucula izifundo eziphunyelelweyo ngeli xesha usengumqhubi wetekisi?
U-TETA unika ntoni enokundinceda ndiphucule izifundo endiziphumeleleyo?
Ukuba ubonisa ukubanakho angaqalisa indledlana emsa ngqo kumsebenzi awufunayo.
Kusenokungabikho mfuneko konke yokuba aphindele esikolweni kwaye anganeekhredithi ezininzi zezifundo zocwangciso-mali.
Ukufunda kokuqala kuthetha ntoni?
Igama umthetho-siseko lithetha ntoni?
Le modyuli ifuna uqonde ukuba iGunya loMzantsi Afrika leZifundo Eziphunyelelweyo labakho njani, amaqumrhu namaqumrhwana angaphantsi kweGunya kwaye iyintoni imisebenzi yeli gunya.
Imodyuli iya kuthi kwakhona ngemisebenzi enikiweyo, ibonise ukuba iincwadi ezisetyenziswayo nezifundo eziphunyelelweyo ziphuhliswa njani kwanamanyathelo athatyathwayo ukuqinisekisa ukunikwa kweenkonzo ezisemgangathweni.
Kuhlalutya inkqubo eyiliweyo engumalathi-ndlela yoqeqesho lomqhubi ukuze uphonononge iinkqubo namanqaku omgangatho ezingene ekucingweni nasekwandlalweni kwenkqubo.
Kubonisa ukuyiqonda inkqubo ekuthe ngayo kwaphuhliswa ii-unit standards nezifundo eziphunyelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyathotyelwa imigangatho neenqobo zokugweba ezamkelekileyo.
KwiModyuli 6 siye sayiqonda into yokuba kwakutheni ze kubekho i-NQF. Asikhange sithethe ngokuba iya kulawulwa njani.
Apha kuthethwa ngeqela labantu abazingcaphephe kwiinkalo zabo zabakufundileyo kwaye abakhethwe yimibutho kazwelonke okanye abakhethwe nguMlawuli-Jikelele, iBhodi yoQeqesho kaZwelonke, umsebenzi wobungcali oqulunqiweyo wootitshala, iiTekhnikhoni neeYunivesithi, abasebenzi abaqulunqiweyo, kwakunye namalungu oonyulwe nguMphathiswa.
Akukho mfuneko yokuba sixoxe ngeenkcukacha zale mibandela elandelayo eyandlalwe kuMthetho.
Umzobo okwiphepha elilandelayo uza kubonisa ubudlelwane bezigqeba ezenza inkqubo-sikhokelo yemfundo entsha.
Sebenzisa uluhlu lokuhlola olungezantsi ukhangele ukuba unakho na ukuphawula injongo yokwaziswa kwalo Mthetho.
Phawula ibhloko ocinga ukuba yefanelekileyo.
Zobhaliso lwamaqela anoxanduva lokuseka imigangatho kwimfundo noqeqesho okanye izifundo eziphunyelelweyo.
Lo msebenzi olandelayo wenzelwe ukuba uwaqonde amaqumrhu neenkqubo emaziqaliswe xa iinkalo zokufunda ziphuhliswa kwi-unit standards okanye kwizifundo eziphunyelelweyo.
Uya kusebenzisa amagama anikiweyo ukugqibezela umzobo okubonisa amanqanaba ekuyileni Iinkalo zeZifundo ezamkelekileyo.
Ufuna ukwenza ikhosi yokuqhuba ngokuchubekileyo. Beka la manqanaba alandelayo ngendlela elandelelana kakuhle xa uza kwenza oko.
Kule modyuli siza kuphanda ukuba le Mithetho yenza njani ukuba uqeqesho nophuhliso lufumane ingxowa-mali kwindawo yomsebenzi.
Abaninzi kwabanebango kwishishini loThutho balwamkele uwiso-mthetho lophuhliso lwezakhono baze uphuhliso lwezakhono balwenza inxalenye yezicwangciso-qhinga zeshishini labo..
Siza kukhe sigqabaze ngemiba esemxholweni yale Mithetho ukuzama ukukunika umfanekiso wenkqubo ebandakanyekayo ekuphuhliseni izicwangciso zezakhono kwindawo yokusebenza kwaye nendlela umqeshi angazuza ngayo xa ethatha inxaxheba.
Kudwelisa imisebenzi namanyathelo aza kuthathwa yi-TETA ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso secandelo sezakhono esikwinkqubo-sikhokelo yesicwangciso-qhinga sikaZwelonke soPhuhliso lweZakhono sisungulwe.
Kuxoxa ngeSicwangciso seZakhono seNdawo yokusebenza ukubonisa isidingo socwangciso oludibeneyo phakathi komqeshi nomqeshwa.
Kuxoxa ngeenjongo zalo Mthetho kwaye ulandele umkhondo wokuba zingazuzwa njani ezi iinjongo.
Ziya kuphunyezwa njani ezi njongo?
i umgaqo-nkqubo kazwelonke wophuhliso lwezakhono ii isicwangciso-qhinga sikazwelonkle sophuhliso lwezakhono c Ukunika ingxelo kuMphathiswa ngenkqubela-phambili eyenziweyo kusungulo lwesicwangciso-qhinga d Ukuphanda nayiphi na imibandela engumvuka ngenxa yokusetyenziswa koMthetho e Ukusebenzisa amagunya okanye ukwenza imisebenzi njengoko yandlaliwe kuMthetho.
Imali efunyenwe yi-SETA ingasetyenziswa kuphela ngendlela emiselweyo kwaye ihlawule imisebenzi yayo kwaye kuhlawulelwe nolawulo ngokwendlela emisiweyo.
Ukuzama ukusungula uqeqesho lwezakhono kwindawo yokusebenza kwanokwenza lula umthwalo weendleko zoqeqesho kuqaliswe umxokelelwano werhafu ukukhuthaza imibutho ukuba ithathe inxaxheba.
Imibutho ukuze ibe yefanelekileyo kufuneka ibe neenqobo ezithile ezisisiseko ukuze intlawulo yezibonelelo ivunywe. Abasebenzi be-SETA xa bephonononga izicwangciso zezakhono kwiindawo yokusebenza baya kusebenzisa ezi nqobo.
Obhalise uMququzeleli woPhuhliso lweZakhono owonyulwa ngokubonisana nabaqeshwa okanye abameli babo.
Onike i-SETA lonke ulwazi olusemxholweni ngokunxulumene noMququzeleli woPhuhliso lweZakhono kwifomu emiselweyo.
Igama, iinkcukacha zoqhakamshelwano, idilesi yendawo yokuhlala nowona msebenzi ophambili wombutho.
Igama neenkcukacha ezipheleleyo zomququzeleli woPhuhliso lweZakhono.
Oondoqo bonyaka bezakhono.
Ibali elifutshane ngabasebenzi ukuba umsebenzi wayengalingenisanga kunyaka odlulileyo.
Uvavanyo lwesikhewu sezakhono nezidingo zoqeqesho kumbutho.
Utyikityo olweziwa ngumntu ogunyazisiweyo kumbutho nakwi-SDF nommeli wabaqeshwa lo wokugqibela usayina xa abasebenzi bengaphezulu kwama-50.
Isibonelelo singalingana ne % yeerhafu ezihlawulwe ngumqeshi ngaloo nyaka-mali?
Ubungqina bokuhambiselana noondoqo.
Isibonelelo singalingana ne . % seerhafu ezihlawulwa ngumqeshi ngaloo nyaka-mali?
Izibonelelo zezifundo zexeshana - ITETA-SETA ingakhupha ama- 80% esi sibonelelo siye kwizibonelelo zabafundi kwiNkqubo yezifundo zexeshana.
Kujonga kwifomu yesivumelwano sezifundo kwaye uyiqonde injongo yokuqaliswa kwezifundo zexeshana.
UMthetho ujongene nomba wokuba kutheni kusekwe, kwabhaliswa kwaze kwalawulwa izifundo zexeshana kwaye yonke loo nto yenziwa njani.
Isifundo sexeshana siya kuqulatha isahlulo sokufunda esicwangcisiweyo kwaye siquka nomsebenzi omawenziwe omiswe ngohlobo oluthile kwanexesha oza kulithatha.
Isifundo sexeshana kufuneka sikhokelele kwizifundo eziphunyelelweyo ezibhaliswe yi-SAQA kwaye zinxulumane nomsebenzi.
Isivumelwano sesifundo sexeshana luxwebhu olubophelelayo ngokwasemthethweni phakathi?
Ngezantsi sisihwankathelo senkcazelo yoMthetho.
Xoxani kwiqela lakho ngale mibuzo elandelayo esekwe kwisishwankathelo nakulwazi olufunyanwa kwizahluko ezisemxholweni zoMthetho, ukuze nizame ukuphendula imibuzo elandelayo.
Sebenzisa ulwazi olukuMthetho phantsi kwezahluko esikwalathise kuzo.
Nika izizathu ezithathu ezenza kufaneleke ukuba kuphuhliswe izakhono kumkhosi wokusebenza waseMzantsi Afrika.
Dwelisa ezinye izizathu ezine ezibangele ukuba kuqaliswe lo Mthetho.
Gcwalisa iibhloko ezingezantsi ubonise ubudlelwane phakathi kweGunya likaZwelonke leZakhono neSETA..
Yenza isishwankathelo semisebenzi yala maqela mabini.
Bonisa bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwiqela esi sishwankathelo.
Yintoni isifundo sexeshana elingephi?
Ingaba kukho izifundo zexeshana elingephi kuwishishini leetekisi?
Ukuba ngu-ewe ungafikelela njani kuzo?
Ngawaphi amaqela amele ukusayina izivumelwano zezifundo zexeshana elingephi?
Zintoni iinkqubo zezakhono?
Inkqubo yoqeqesho lwezakhono iyifumana njani imali?
I-SETA iyifumana phi imali yokuhlawulela ezi nkqubo?
Ngubani onoxanduva lokuzoba isicwangciso sezakhono kwindawo yokusebenza Jonga 3?
Khetha kuluhlu olunikwe ngezantsi imisebenzi namanyathelo amelwe kuthatyathwa yi-SETA ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso secandelo sezakhono kwinkqubo-sikhokelo yesicwangciso-qhinga sikazwelonke sophuhliso lwezakhono siyasungulwa.
Ukuphawula iindawo zokusebenza apho kuza kwenziwa khona oku.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ISikhokelo kuMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe (1998).txt</fn>
Esi Sikhokelo simalunga noMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe (inombolo yoMthetho ngama- 36 we-f 1998). Njengawo wonke umthetho, uMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe ubhalwe kulwimi lwasemthethweni olunzima kwaye ekungekho lula ukuba uluqonde. Ei Sikhokelo sicacisa ukuba uMthetho uthini kwaye sinika intsingiselo yawo.
Umgaqo obalulekileyo woMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe kukuba bonke abemi bomzantsi Afrika kufuneka bakwazi ukuthabatha inxaxheba ekulawuleni manzi. Injongo yesi Sikhokelo kukunceda abasebenzisi beemvelaphi zamanzi (imilambo, imisinga, amanzi asemadamini, amanzi aphantsi komhlba njalo njalo) ukuba baqonde uMthetho ukuze bakwazi ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwizigqibo ezimalunga nemibandela yamanzi ezinefuthe kubo.
Ngubani ekufuneka afunde esi Sikhokelo?
nabanina ofuna ukuzibandakanya nolawulo lwamanzi.
Xa ufuna ulwazi olunzulu ngesihloko esithile kufuneka uqhangamshelane ne-Ofisi yeSithili ekufutshane yeSebe lezeMicimbi yamanzi namaHlathi. Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zidweliswe kuphepha lokugqibela. Ikopi yoMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe ungayifumana kwiwebhusayithi www.dwaf.gov.
Kuqulethwe ntoni kwesi Sikhokelo?
Esi Sikhokelo asiqulethanga yonke into ekuMthetho wezaManzi eSizwe. Inika sonke isikhokelo kuMthetho kwakunye nolwazi olubalulekileyo malunga neenxalenye ezibalulekileyo zoMthetho ezijolise ekuncedeni abasebenzisi bamanzi ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba kwimibandela yemvelaphi yamanzi.
amaziko okulawula imvelaphi yamanzi ayasekwa.
Kutheni uMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe ubalulekile?
UMthetho wezaManzi eSizwe ubalulekile kuba uya kubeka endaweni ezo zinto zimalunga namanzi kuMgaqo-Siseko.
Amanzi asisiseko sobomi bonke. Ngaphandle kwamanzi akukho mntu, sityalo silwanyane okanye nayiphi into ephilayo enokuphila. Inkcenkceshela iintsimi zamafama, iinkcenkceshela ulimo kunye nemfuyo kwintlalo yasemaphandleni; inika uhlaziyeko, ixhasa ummndla, ixhasa iidolophu nezixeko, imigodi, ushishino namandl oomatshini bokwenza umbane. Abantu bawadinga amanzi ekuseleni, ekukhuleni, ekuphekeni ukutya, ekuhlambeni nasempilweni.
UMzantsi Afrika lilizwe elomileyo elinemvula encinane. Iimvelaphi ezininzi zamanzi wethu zisetyenziswe kakhulu. Yonke imihla abantu kunye namashishini anempembelelo kubulunga bemilambo yethu, bemisinga, bamanzi aphantsi komhlaba nakwiindawo ezinamanzi. Kwiindawo ezininzi amanzi anqongophele, apho sifuna khona manzi amaninzi kuneendawo esinamanzi kuzo. Kwezi ndawo ummandla uphantsi koxinzelelo kwaye abanye abantu abafikeleli kumanzi wokusela okanye bafumani bulungisa kwisabelo sabo samanzi.
UMthetho wezaManzi eSizwe ubalulekile kuba unika indlela yokukhusela iimvelaphi zamanzi ukuze zingasetyenziswa kakhulu ukuze kubekho amanzi kuphuhliso lwentlalo noqoqosho kwaye amanzi ngawexesha elizayo. Ubalulekile kwakho kuba uchaza ukuba amanzi nawesizwe sonke eluncedo kubantu bonke.
Zintoni iimvelaphi zamanzi?
Iimvelaphi yamanzi ziziqu zamanzi ezifana nemilambo, imisinga, iindawo ezinamanzi, amachweba emilambo namanzi aphantsi komhlaba. 'Amanzi aphezu komhlaba ngamanzi angaphezulu komhlaba. Amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba ngamanzi angaphantsi (umzekelo kwikwari).
Yintoni umahluko phakathi koMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe kunye noMthetho weeNkonzo zaManzi?
Kutheni igama lisithi uMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe, 1998?
Isizwe' kuthetha ukuba uMthetho wesizwe sonke. ' UMthetho' ngumthetho opasiswe yiPalamente. UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe ngoko ngumthetho malunga namanzi , woMzantsi Afrika 1998.
UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe uchaza ukuba amanzi bubutyebi bendalo wabantu bonke eMzantsi Afrika. Uthi amanzi kufuneka kwabelwane ngawo ngobulungisa nangokulinganayo. Uchaza ukuba amanzi sisiseko sesidingo sabantu (njengokusela amanzi, ukulungiselela ukutya, nococeko lomntu) kunye namanzi afuneka kummandla kufuneka abekelwe ecaleni phambi kokuba abelwe ezinye iintsebenziso.
Kuba amanzi ebaluleke kubantu bonke, uMthetho wazaManzi eSizwe uchaza ukuba bantu kufuneka bathabathe inxaxheba ekulawulweni kwemvelaphi yamanzi. Uphucula ulawulo lweemvelaphi zamanzi lube kufutshane kubantu kangangoko. Ikwenza oku ngokusekwa kwamaziko amatsha ezithili nawasekhaya afana nee-Arhente zoLawulo loMmandla . La maziko matsha aya kuba nabameli kubahlali kwaye aya kunceda abahlali ukuba bazibandakanye kwizigqibo malunga namanzi.
UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe wahlukene neengcamango ezindala zocalucalulo zelungelo elilodwa. Uphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kumdla wabo bonke abaseMzantsi Afrika. Uphucula amanzi ukuba aphuhliswe ngokugcinakeleyo.
Yintoni injongo yoMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe?
Ngubani onemfanelo kwiimvelaphi zamanzi esizwe?
Urhulumente wesizwe (iSebe leMicimbi yezaManzi naMahlathi) lisebenza ngoMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yamanzi naMahlathi njengo nelungelo lomntu wonke kwiimvelaphi yamanzi esizwe.
UMphathiswa weMicimbi yezaManzi naMahlathi lunemfanelo yokuqinisekisa ukuba ubuchule bokuphatha ukulawula ubutyebi baManzi eSizwe buyasekwa. Isishwankathelo sobu buchule bokuphatha kufuneka bupapashwe kwiGazethi kaRhulumente. Ubuchule bokuphatha ubutyebi bamanzi esizwe bubophelela onke amaziko amanzi kunye nabasebenzisi bamanzi. UMphathiswa kufuneka ahlaziye ubuchule bokuphatha iMvelaphi yaManzi kwiminyaka emi-5 ubuncinane.
Yintoni injongo yoBuchule bokuPhatha aManzi eSizwe?
Injongo yoBuchule yeMvelaphi yaManzi eSizwe kukuqinisekisa ukuba iimvelaphi yamanzi esizwe alawulwa ngokupheleleyo elawulelwa isizwe sonke. Inika isikhokelo malunga nendlela amanzi ekufuneka alawulwe ngayo kwiindawo ezichaziweyo zokulawulwa amanzi.
Ichaza indlela amanzi ekufuneka 'agcinwe' ngayo kwizidingo ezisiseko zabantu nommandla. Ubuchule bokuphatha iiMvelaphi yaManzi eSizwe kufuneka kwakho iqinisekise ukuba kukho amanzi exesha elizayo kunye nokusetyenziswa okubalulekileyo njengamandla okwenza umbane. Ibeka imigangatho yobulunga amanzi. Ikwachaza indlela amaziko okulawula iimvelaphi zamanzi (ezifana nee-Arhente zokulawula ummandla) kufuneka zisekwe.
Urhulumente wesizwe wahlule isizwe saba ziindawo ezili-19 zokulawula amanzi. UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe uchaza ukuba ubuchule bokuphatha buphuhlisiwe kwindawo nganye yokulawula amanzi. Obu buchule bubizwa ngokuba bubuchule bokulawula ummandla (CMS).
Ngubani phuhlisa ubuchule bokuphatha ukulawulwa kommandla?
UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe uchaza ukuba ii-arhente zokulawulwa ummandla (CMA) kufuneka zisekwe kwindawo nganye yokulawula amanzi. ICMA inemfaneloyokuphuhlisa ubuchule bokuphatha ukulawulwa kommandla.
Yintoni injongo yobuchule bokulawula ummandla?
Injongo yobuchule bokulawula ummandla kukuchaza indlela amanzi aya kwabiwa ngayo (ukwahlulwa) phakathi kwabasebenzisi bamanzi. ICMA ijongene nabasebenzisi abaninzi bamanzi, umzekelo ukusetyenziswa ngumasipal, amashishini, ulimo, imigodi njalo njalo. Indlela iCMA eba ngayo amanzi kufuneka kuphuculwe uphuhliso lweendawo ezazinganikwanga mathuba ngaphambili. Ubuchule bokulawula ummandla kufuneka buchaze indlela iimvelaphi zamanzi eziya kulawulwa ngayo kwiindawo ezazinganikwanga mathuba, nendlela umntu wonke aya kuthabatha inxaxheba ngayo ekulawuleni iimvelaphi zamanzi. Kufuneka kwakho ivumelane nobuchule bokuphathwa kwemvelaphi yaManzi eSizwe.
Urhulumente kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba amanzi ayakhuselwa kodwa kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba kukho amanzi okuphuhlisa intlalo noqoqosho.
Enye yeendlela urhulumente anokwenza ngayo oku kukumisela ukugcinwa kwamanzi.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kubaluleke kuzo zonke izinto ekusetyenziswa kuzo amanzi. Ngamanye amazwi umlinganiselo wamanzi agcinwayo kufuneka abekwe ecaleni phambi kokuba iimvelaphi zamanzi zingabelwa abanye abasebenzisi bamanzi.
Iya kuba yingxaki enzima (kwaye ngokuchasene noMgaqo-siSeko) ukuba ulimo, ushishino, nemigodi njalo njalo zisebenzisa amanzi amaninzi ukuze kungabikho manzi awaneleyo ezidingo ezisiseko zabantu ezifana nokusela, ukulungiselela ukutya neenjongo zempilo nezococeko.
UMthetho wezaManzi eSizwe uqinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani unelungelo/uyafikelela kumanzi awaneleyo ngokubekela ecaleni umlinganiselo othile wamanzi ukwanelisa izidingo ezisisiseko ezibizwa ngokuba ukugcinela izidingo eziziseko zabantu.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba kukho manzi awaneleyo kubulunga obamkelweyo bokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwixesha elizayo, uMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe uchaza ukuba amanzi kufuneka abekelwe bucala ukugcinela izinto eziphilayo. Ukugcinela izinto eziphilayo ngamanzi afunekayo ukukhusela amanzi ezinto eziphilayo zemvelaphi yamanzi. Kufuneka akhuselwe kwaye angasetyenziselwa ezinye iinjongo.
Ngubani omisela ukubekelwa?
UMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yezaManzi naMahlathi kufuneka amisele ukubekelwa/ukugcinelwa. UMphathiswa kufuneka amisele umlinganiselo wamanzi kunye nobulunga bamanzi ekufuneka esele kwimvelaphi yamanzi ukwanelisa izidingo ezisiseko zabantu nezidingo zezinto eziphilayo.
Kuthetha ntoni ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi?
ukukhuphela ukungcola okanye amanzi aqulethe ukungcola kwimvelaphi yamanzi imisebenzi enempembelelo engalunganga kwimvelaphi yamanzi, umzekelo ukunkcenkceshela ngamanzi aqulathe ukungcola, okanye imisebenzi yamandla okwenza umbane eguqula ukuqukuqela kwemvelaphi yamanzi ukukhupha amanzi aphantsi komhlaba ukusebenzisa amanzi kwiinjongo zokuzonwabisa (ukuzonwabisa ngephenyane).
a kumlinganiselo wamanzi akwimvelaphi yamanzi b ubulunga bamanzi kwimvelaphi yamanzi c ummandla ongqonge imvelaphi yamanzi.
Umasipala owakha idami emlanjeni okanye umntu ompompa amanzi emlanjeni okanye umngxuma wesitsala- manzi okanye umntu okhuphela ukungcola kwamanzi kumlambo obandakanyeka ekusetyenzisweni kwamanzi. Njengomfama okanye u-Eskom okanye ibhodi yamanzi okanye nawuphi omnye umntu athatha amanzi ngqo kwimvelaphi.
Nokokuba amanzi akakhutshwanga, kodwa kwakhiwa udonga olwakhiwe ukusuka emlanjeni ukuya efama okanye iblorho entsha eyakhiwayo ephazamisa ukuqukuqela/ukuhamba kwamanzi, kukho impembelelo/ifuthe kwimvelaphi yamanzi. Loo misebenzi ngoko ibonwa njengokusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Ukusebenzisa amanzi kwiinjongo zokuzonwabisa ezifana nokuzonwabisa ngephenyane nako kukusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
Athini amalungelo aphambili okusetyenziswa kwamanzi?
Ukubekelwa/ukugcinelwa lilungelo lokuqala eliphambili. Kodwa kukho amanye amalungelo aphambili afuna ukwaneliswa phambi kokuba amanzi abiwe kwiindawo ezilawula amanzi. Ukuze kwaneliswe la malungelo aphambili isahlulo samanzi aba kulawulo ngqo loMphathiswa.
amanzi esivumelane ukwabelana ngawo nesizwe ezingabamelwane bethu ngeemvumelwano zezizwe ngezizwe amanzi asetyenziselwa ukwenza umbane amanzi ekufuneka atshintshelwe kwenye indawo yokulawula amanzi ukuya kwenye indawo yokulawula amanzi. Ezinye iindawo zokulawula amanzi azinawo amanzi aneleyo ekubeni ezinye iindawo zokulawula amanzi zinamanzi angaphezulu. UMphathiswa angagunyazisa ukutshintshwa kolwabelo lwamanzi phakathi kweendawo zokulawula amanzi.
Elinye ilungelo eliphambili kukugcinwa kwamanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho amanzi exesha elizayo.
UBuchule bokuPhatha iMvelaphi zaManzi eSizwe kufuneka ibonelele ngawo onke la malungelo aphambili. Umzobo ongezantsi ubonisa indlela ukwabiwa kwamanzi ecwangciswa ngayo kuBuchule bokuPhatha iMvelaphi yaManzi eSizwe.
Ngubani abasebenzisi bamanzi?
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kulawulwa njani?
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kulawulwa ngokumisa indlela amanzi anokusetyenziswa ngayo. UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe umisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokubhaliswa kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi nangeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugunyazisa.
Ukuze kulawulwe ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi iSebe lezeMicimbi yezaManzi naMahlathi kufuneka lazi ukuba kokuphi ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okwenziwayo kwaye angakanani amanzi asetyenziswayo kwiimvelaphi zamanzi ezahlukeneyo. Ukufumanisa olu lwazi abasebenzisi bamanzi abakhoyo kufuneka kubhaliswe ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi abo ukuba bathatha amanzi okanye bagcina amanzi okanye ukuba benza ukuqukuqela kokuncitshiswa komlanjana (urhwebo lwamahlathi). Ngokwangoku ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi akhoyo kubhaliswa kwi-Ofisi yeSithili seSebe lezeMicimbi yezaManzi naMahlathi. Abasebenzisi bamanzi abangabhalisanga ukusebenzisa kwabo amanzi bakwingozi yokulahlekana amalungelo abo amanzi.
Oku kusetyenziswa kubizwa ngokuba yiSheduli yoku- 1 yokusebenzisa. Ngokwangoku, iShedyuli yoku- 1 yokusebenzisa akufuneki ibhaliswe.
Kwakho akufuneki akufuneki phepha-mvume ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kuqulethwe kungunyaziso jikelele. Ugunyaziso jikelele yimvume enikwa nguMphathiswa kwelinye elikhulwana uGunyaziso Jikelele apapashwe kwiGazethi kaRhulumente. Imizekelo yezigunyaziso jikelele kuquka ukugcinwa komlinganislo ominyiweyo wamanzi kwidami okanye ukukhupha umlinganiselo ominyiweyo wamanzi kwimilambo ethile, okanye kwiimvelaphi zamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba (imingxuma wesitsala- manzi).
Umsebenzisi kufuneka enze isicelo sephepha-mvume sokusebenzisa amanzi ngokutsha ukuba asidweliswanga kwiShedyuli yoku- 1 okanye asiqulethwanga kugunyaziso jikelele. Amaphepha-mvume amanzi asetyenziselwa ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwamanzi kunomlinganiselo ongabhalwanga kwiShedyuli yoku-1 kwaye okungavunyelwanga kugunyaziso jikelele.
ISebe lezeMicimbi yezaManzi naMahlathi okanye I-arhente yokulawula ummamdla linganikezela ngephepha-mvume lokusebenzisa amanzi.
Ukwenza isicelo sephepha-mvume kwi-ofisi yeSithili efanelekileyo yeSebe lezeMicimbi yezaManzi naMahlathi okanye ukubhalisa ukusebenzisa kwabo amanzi ne-Ofisi yeSithili.
Onke amaphepha-mvume aya kukhutshwa kwiimiqathango yamaphepha-mvume. Le miqathango kuya kuthetha-thethwana ngayo nomsebenzisi wamanzi apho kuyimfuneko Omnye umqathango obalulekileyo wephepha-mvume lixesha elisebenza ngalo iphepha-mvume. Bonke abasebenzisi bamanzi kufuneka bathobele iimeko ezimiselwe liphepha-mvume lokusebenzisa amanzi okanye baya kuphulukana namaphepha-mvume abo.
Kukho indleko ekuphuhliseni nasekulawuleni imvelaphi yamanzi ukuze akhuselwe kwaye alondolozelwe ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. Ezi ndleko ziya kufunyanwa kwakhona kubasebenzisi bamanzi ngokuhlawulisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
UMthetho wezeMicimbi yaManzi namahlathi uvumela uMphathiswa wezeMali ukuba avelise indlela (uyilo) lokubala ukuhlawuliswa kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
UMphathiswa sele epapashe indlela yokuxabisa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente. UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe uyamvumela ukuba ayitshintshe rhoqo.
Indlela yokuxabisa ekhoyo ivumela iintlobo ezintathu zokuhlawulisa amanzi.
Okokuqala uhlawuliso lokubhatala ulawulo lwemvelaphi yamanzi luhlawuliso lendleko zokulawula imvelaphi yamanzi. Oku kuya kuquka abasebenzisi ababhalisileyo, ukunikezela iimpepha-mvume, ukumisela iindawo zogcino, ukulinganisa ukuqukuqela emilanjeni, ukuvavanya ubulunga bamanzi, ukulawula ungcoliseko, ukulawula ukulondoloza amanzi njalo njalo.
Bonke abasebenzisi abahalisileyo nabanamaphepha-mvume baya kunikwa iphepha lesaziso sokuhlawula ulawulo lwemvelaphi yamanzi. Uhlawuliso luya lungahluka ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zabasebenzisi naphakathi kweendawo zokulawula amanzi. Ngokwangoku uhlawuliso lunganeneno ekuncenkcesheleni kunamanzi asekhaya/oshishino.
Okwesibini uhlawuliso lophuhliso lwemvelaphi yamanzi luhlawuliso lweendleko zokwakha nokusebenzisa amanzi ukubonelela ulungiselelo olufana namadami, imijelokazi, iitonela njalo njalo ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina amanzi okanye ukunikezela ngamanzi..
Ukuhlawuliso lophuhliso lwemvelaphi yamanzi kuquka iindleko zokwakha ulungiselelo lwamanzi kunye nokusebenza kolungiselelo.
UMthetho wezaManzi eSizwe ubonelela ngokusekwa kwee-Arhente zokuLawula umMandla kwiindawo zokulawula amanzi.
Injongo yokusekwa kweCMA kukubandakanya uluntu lwasekhaya ekulawuleni imvelaphi yamanzi. ICMA ilawula iimvelaphi zamanzi kwindawo yawo yokulawula amanzi ngokobuchule bokuphatha ukulawula ummandla.
Ii-Arhente zokulawula ummandla kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba yonke imidla yababandakanyekayo ukuquka noluntu oluhlelelekileyo olwalunganikwanga mathuba ngaphambili bayakwazi ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokucibisana nokuthatha izigqibo zeCMA.
UMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yezaManzi naMahlathi angagunyazisa kwakho anganikezela imisebenzi eyongeziweyo kwiCMA njengolawulo jikelele lweemvelaphi zamanzi kwindawo yokulawula amanzi.
Umbutho womsebenzi wamanzi kukuhlangana kwabasebenzisi bamanziabanqwenela ukusebenza kunye. Abasebenzisi bamanzi ' bayasebenzisana' ekwenzeni imisebenzi enxulumene namanzi kumgangatho wasekhaya woncedo olufanayo. Umzekelo umbutho wabasebenzisi bamanzi uya kwenziwa xa iqela lamafama efuna ukwakha umjelekozi ofanayo okanye idama lokubanceda ngokufanayo okantye iqela lamafama asakhulayo anqwenela ukusebenzisana.
Iibhodi zokunkcenkceshela ezikhoyo, neebhodi zamanzi ezineenjongo zokuncenkceshela impahla ekhoyo kunye neebhodi ezilawula amanzi ezijonge ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba (iibhodi zokulawula amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba) iya kuguqulelwa kwimibutho yabasebenzisi bamanzi. Oku kuya kubandakanya ukwandisa indawo yokulawula la maziko ukuquka abanye abasebenzisi okanye ezinye iimvelaphi zamanzi.
Umbutho womsebenzisi wamanzi ungalicandelo elilodwa okanye umbutho wamacandelo amaninzi. Umbutho wecandelo elilodwa uqulethe iqela labasebenzisi abafanayo, umzekelo amafama asakhasayo kwaye asebenza kwimidla yaloo mfama. Umbutho wamacandelo amaninzi uqulethe iqela labasebenzisi abahlukeneyo, umzekelo ushishino, ukulima, emigodini njalo njalo kwaye asebenza kwimidla yabasebenzisi abahlukeneyo.
Injongo yeWUA kukuba abasebenzisi bamanzi bakwazi ukusebenzisana nokudibana ngobutyebi babo (ezemali, ubutyebi babantu, kunye nobuchule) ukwenza ngokupheleleyo imisebenzi enxulumene namanzi. IiWUA linendima ebalulekileyo eliyidlalayo ekupheliseni ubuhlwempu nokubonelela ukhusleko lokutya.
UMthetho ugunyazisa uMphathiswa ukuba aseke iikomiti zokucebisa. Ezi komiti zingasekelwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo kwaye imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ezi komiti zingabacebisi ngokwesimo kodwa uMphathiswa angagunyazisa amanye amagunya kwiikomiti zokucebisa.
UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe ubonelela ngokusekwakwamaqumrhu ukuzalisekisa iimvumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe. Ezi mvumelwano zimalunga nendlela yokulawula nokuphuhlisa iimvelaphi zamanzi ezabelana namzwe angabamelwane.
UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe uvumela uRhulumente ukuba akhe okanye athenge amadami wakhe okanye ufumaniso-manzi (amaziko) ukuba ngaba kusemdleni wabantu bonke. URhulumente angaba amanzi kumadami wakhe nofumaniso-manzi ngendlela efanayo yokwaba amanzi kwimvelaphi.
UMthetho wezaManzi weSizwe uqulathe amanyathelo okulawula amaninzi ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwamadami akhoyo namatsha. Oku kukukhusela ingozi.
Amadami amakhulu angadala ingozi enkulu kubantu nakummandla. Amadami angenziwanga ngokufanelekileyo okanye avumela ukwenza mandundu ngokunggcinwa ngokufanelekileyo ayingozi ethile.
UMthetho wezaManzi ubonelela ngokusekwa kwenkundla yamatyala amanzi ukumamela izibheno ngezigqibo ezithile okanye imigaqo enikwe ngumphathi onemfanelo okanye ngamaziko olawulo afana nee-Arhente zokuLawula aManzi. Inkundla yamatyala amanzi liqumrhu elizimeleyo.
Umsebenzisi wamanzi angabhena kwinkundla yamatyala amanzi ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezigqibo zamaziko olawulo, umzekelo amabango kwiindleko, iishedyuli zokwabiwa kwamanzi, izigqibo zamaphepha-mvume njalo njalo.
Inkundla yamatyala amanzi yasekwa ngo-Okthobha we-1998. Ingava kwiindawo apho isenzeko sivele khona. Imisebenzi yenkundla yamatyala ibhatalwa liSebe lezemali leSizwe.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ITTSHATHA YAMALUNGELO AMAXHOBA ASEMZANTSI AFRIKA.txt</fn>
Ndiyaqonda ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho luqatsele kumaxhoba ngokuphathelele ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwezimali nasekuphazamisekeni kwengqondo. Ukwenzela ukukwazi ukuphucula iinkonzo zawo onke amaxhoba olwaPhulo-mthetho, ndizimisele ukubeka iimfuno zamaxhoba kufutshane neNkqubo yoBulungisa yolwaPhulo-mthetho nokulinganisa amalungelo abo nalawo abantu abamangalelweyo. Oku kuza kuzuzwa ngenxa yokuzalisekisa iphepha lamalungelo amaxhoba.
Le tshatha yamalungelo amaxhoba (Itshatha/iphepha lamalungelo) linokuvumelana nomoya woMthetho womGaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika ka-1996 nesiBhengezo seziZwe eziManyeneyo soMthetho-siseko osisiSeko soBulungisa samaXhoba olwaPhulo-mthetho nokuSebenzisa kakubi amaGunya, 1985 (GA/RES/40/34). Eli phepha lamalungelo londlala ukusekwa kokulinganisa amalungelo abo bobabini amaxhoba nabantu abamangalelweyo, kwanokuqinisekisa ukuba amaxhoba aphathwa ngovelwano nangembeko ukulungiselela izidima zabo. Ikwafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxhoba afumana ukulungisa okukhawulezileyo ukulungiselela umonakalo osileleyo ngenxa yendlela ebheka kwiNkqubo yoBulungisa yolwaPhulo-mthetho.
Inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuvumelana ngokuzalisekiswa kwale tshatha ngabanikezeli benkonzo ziza kuphuhliswa, ntoleyo iyakuba yingqokelela yemithetho ecwangcisiweyo yokuziqhelanisa ebophelelayo kubo bonke abanikezeli ngenkonzo. Ulawulo lwezinto ezisebenza ngoomatshini ekuvunyelwana ngazo ziza kubekwa endaweni ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukhona ingxelo xa izinto zihamba kakubi.
Umthetho weKhomishini yoMzantsi Afrika ikwinkqubo yokuphuhlisa imithetho ukulungiselela ukuzinzisa kwe-Ofisi yamaXhoba eMiswe ngokomthetho ezakuthi yongamele uzalisekiso lweli phepha lamalungelo kwakunye neminye imilinganiselo efuna ukugunyazisa amaxhoba.
Ndikhuthaza wonke ubani adlale indima yakhe kakuhle ukuqinisekisa ukuba uzalisekiso lweli phepha lamalungelo lunempumelelo kwaye luyayizuza iinjongo zalo.
Yenza amalungiselelo oncedo lwexhoba xa amanqanaba engahlangabezeki.
Ilungelo linokuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo nangembeko ukulungiselela isidima sakho nobomi obubobakho.
Unalo ilungelo lokuba unganyamekela kngokukhawuleza nangembeko, uphathwwe ngembeko kulungiselelwa isidima sakho nobomi obubobakho ngawo onke amalungu akhe namphina umnikezeli nkonzo onikeziweyo.
Amapolisa ngexesha lophando; ummangali namagosa enkundla ngexesha lolungiselelo nangexesha lwenkqubo yokuthethwa kwetyala, kwakhona njengabo bonke abanye abanikezeli ngenkonzo, fanele bathathe umlinganiselo ukunciphisa nayo nayuphina ingxaki ekuwe njengexhoba ngokuqhuba udliwano-ndlebe kunye nawe ngolwimi lwakho nalapho kusithele khona ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Le milinganiselo iza kunqanda ixhoba ekubeni layanyaniswe nokuphatha kakubi ngokukhetha okukwesibini.
Unelungelo lokunikezela ngolwazi ngexesha lophando lolwaphulo-mthetho nokuthethwa kwetyala.
Amapolisa, ummangali, negosa lenkonzo zoluleko baza kuthatha imilinganiselo ukuqinisekisa ukuba naluphina unikelo onqwenela ukulenza kuphando, kumangalelo nakumanyelo lwenqawule luvakele kwaye luthatyathwe xa bekucingwa ngokuba kuqhutyekekwe nophando okanye ukumangalelwa okanye kuchotshelo lweBhodi yeNqawule.
Le nto ithetha ukuba uza kubanalo ithuba lokwenza ingxelo engaphaya emapoliseni ukuba uyaqonda ukuba ingxelo yakho yokuqala ayigqitywanga; kwakhona ungaenza ingxelo enkundleni ukuzisa unquzulwano lolwaphulo-mthetho kwinyameko yasezinkundleni.
Ilungelo lokufumana ulwazi.
Unelungelo lokufumana ulwazi nokuba uxelelwe ngamalungelo akho nazo zonke iinkonzo eziphatheleleneyo ezikhoyo kuwe ngabanikezeli nkonzo.
Fanele uxelelwe ngendima yakho etyaleni nexesha elifanelekiyo letyala. Ungacela ulwazi oluphathelele kwintsuku zenkundla, imirhumo yamangqina neenkqubo zokhuseleko zamangqina.
Kwakhona ungacela ukwaziswa ngewonga letyala, ukuba umoni okanye hayi ubanjiwe, ubekwe ityala, unikwe ibheyile, umangalelwe, ubanjiwe, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ugwetyiwe.
Unelungelo lokungaxelelwa kuphela amalungelo akho , kodwa nasekubeni ungawasebnzisa njani.
Kwakhona njengenxenye yelungelo ukufumana ulwazi, cela ingcaciso zayo nayiphina into ongayiqondiyo ngolwimi lwakho.
Ungazicela izizathu zesigqibo ezithe zathathwa malunga netyala ukuba liqhubeke okanye hayi.
Kwakhona unelungelo lokufumana amaxwebhu apho umthetho ekunika ilungelo lokubana ukwazi ukufikelela kuwo.
Ungacela ukufumana isaziso seenkqubo ozakuya kuzo. Kwakhona ungacela ummangali azise umqeshi wakho zonke iinkqubo, eziyimfuneko yokungabikho kwakho emsebenzini.
Unelungelo lokuba ukhululeke kungcungcuthekiso, kubandezelo, uloyiko, ubhucabhuco, unyobo, ukungcola nempatho mbi.
Ukuba ulingqina fanele uxele izisongelo ezinjalo emapoliseni okanye kumtshutshisi omkhulu kaRhulumente.
Ukuba uyavumelana neemfuno ezithile, amapolisa emva koko aza kusebenzela ukuba ubekwe ngaphantsi kokhuseleko lwengqina.
Ekubeni uselapho uyakube ukhuselekile kangangoko kuzo zonke iindlela zempembelelo ezingafanelekanga, umzekelo, uyakukhuseleka ekubandezelweni okanye ekungcungcuthekisweni.
Oku kuza kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwakho njengengqina ukwenzela angabinabo ubungqina bakho obuphembelelayo okanye akufumane urhoxa ekungqineleni ngenxa yempembelelo engafanelekanga.
Eli lungelo lithetha ukuba kwiimeko ezithile inkundla ingaluthintela upapasho lwalo naluphina ulwazi (kubandakanywa nobuwena) okanye ingayalela ukuba ityala lixoxwe ngaphaya komkhusane (ngasese). Ungacela iiNkonzo zoLuleko ukuba zikuxelele ukuba umoni ubalekile okanye utshintshiwe.
Unelungelo lokucela uncedo, kwaye unendlela (xa kukho imfuneko / kwaye ukuba kuyenzeka) kubukho bokuhlala nabanye, impilo neenkonzo zokucebisa kwakunye noncedo lwasemthethweni luphendulayo kwiimfuno zakho.
Amapolisa aza kukuncedisa ngokukucacisela iinkqubo zamapolisa; ngokukuxelela amalungelo akho nokwenza isingqinisiso esifanelekileyo kwabanye abanikezeli nkonzo.
Umlawuli we-ofisi okanye intloko ye-ofisi enkundleni iza kukwenza amalungiselelo ukulungiselela iinkonzo zetoliki.
Abatshutshisi baza kuqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo eyodwa iyasetyenziswa ngokunxulumene netyala lesini, ubugebenga basekhaya nenkxaso yomntwana/isondlo namatyala achotshelwa kwiinkundla ezizodwa apho zikhona.
Bonke abanikezeli nkonzo ngokunxulumene nemisebenzi yabo elandelelanayo banomsebenzi wokuthatha onke amanqanaba anezizathu ukwamkela amaxhoba ngeemfuno ezizodwa baziphathe ngohlobo olubuthathaka.
Unelungelo kwimbuyekezo yelahleko okanye umonakalo wempahla ezonakele ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe ngokuchaseneyo nawe.
Ungathi ngalo mhla wokugwetywa kommangalelwa ucele umtshutshisi ukuba enze isicelo enkundleni somyalelo wembuyekezo ngokwecandelo 297 no-300 woMthetho weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mthetho inombolo 51 ka-1977. "Imbuyekezo" ibhekiselele kumyinge wemali inkundla yobundlobongela enokugweba ngayo ixhoba elithe lalahlekelwa okanye lonakalelwa yimpahla kubandakanya imali ngenxa yesenzo solwaphulo-mthetho okanye ukushiywa ngumntu obanjiweyo ngokwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho.
Umtshutshi uza kukuxelela umyalelo wembuyekezo kadwa umbhalana wenkundla uyakuthembeka kwisinyanzeliso saso, kwaye ukuba ungaqalisa isenzo soluntu ngokuchasene nommangalelwa apho inkundla yolwaphulo-mthetho inganikezi myalelo wambuyekezo kwakunye nalapho umonakalo kungekho lula ukuwulinganisa ubuninzi ngokwezimali njengakwityala lomonakalo wengqondo okanye intlungu nobuhlungu.
Unelungelo kwisibuyiselo ngokuphathelele kwimpahla oyithathelwe ngokungekho mthethweni. "Isibuyiselo" sibhekiselele apho inkundla, emveni kokubanjwa, iyalela umoni abuyisele iimpahla afunyenwe enetyala lokuba nazo ngokungekho mthethweni azithathe kuwe ukwenzela ukugcina wena usendaweni obukuyo ngaphambi kwetyala.
Umtshutshisi uza kukuxelela ukuba isibuyiselo siquka ntoni kwaye umabhalana wenkundla uza kukunceda ekunynzeliseni eli lungelo.
Nceda ubhekiselele kumaNqanaba amaNcinane kwiNkonzo zamaXhoba olwaPhulo-mthetho anokufunyanwa kumaSebe kaRhulumente, xa ngaba unokufuna ulwazi olucacisiweyo ngaphezulu olunxulumene kumalungelo awohlukahlukeneyo.
Gcina engqondweni ukuba unelungelo lokukhalaza, unganxibelelana isebe likaRhulumente elithile okanye umnikezeli ngenkonzo ukubangaba unesikhalazo ngokuphathelelene nenkonzo oyifumanayo okanye ukubangaba amalungelo akho awasiwangaso.
a. I-ofisi yomkhuseli woluntu, b. Amagqwetha amaLungelo oluNtu, c. Ikhomishoni yamaLungelo oluNtu yaseMzantsi Afrika d. Icandelo lezikhalazo elizimeleyo, e. Ikhomishoni yolingano ngokwesini, f. Igunya lesizwe labetshutshisi, g.
Igqwetha ozikhethele lona ngokwakho ngemali yakho.
Iinkcukacha ezicacisiweyo ngokungaphaya kwinkqubo zezikhalazo, nceda bhekiselela kumaNqanaba amaNcinane kwiNkonzo zamaXhoba olwaPhulo-mthetho. Olu xwebhu luyafumaneka kuyo nayiphina i-ofisi kaRhulumente.
Itshatha yamaLungelo amaXhoba aseMzantsi Afrika yaphuhliswa liCandelo leSini kwiSebe lezoBulungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko, ngentsebenziswano neSebe loPhuhliso lwezeNtlalontle, iiNkonzo zoLuleko, iMfundo, nezeMpilo, kwakunye noGunyaziwe woTshutshiso weSizwe, iiNkonzo zamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika, iKhomishoni yoMthetho wokuLungisa yaseMzantsi Afrika, iKhomishoni yamaLungelo oluNtu yaseMzantsi Afrika, i-Ofisi yomKhuseli woluNtu, iCandelo leziKhalazo eliziMeleyo, iiKhomishini zamalungu eeNkonzo zooMantyi nenkundla kwakunye namalungu amaPolisa enqila yeTshwane.
Isebe lobuLungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko zixabisa kakhulu iminikelo eynziwe yimibutho engekho phantsi koRhulumente eyahlukahlukeneyo namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo kumaxwebhu.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IZIBONELELO JIKELELE.txt</fn>
umvavanyi" ngumntu obhaliswe kwiziko Lokuqinisekisa Umgangatho Onguwo Wemfundo Noqeqesho ngokwemiqathango ekuvunyelwene ngayo neQumrhu Lokubelelela Umgangatho, ngenjongo yokuhlola iziphumo ezisekelwe kuPhahla Lweziqinisekiso lukaZwelonke; kanti ke "umvavanyi othe rhoqo" usafana naye ngentsingiselo.
iziphumo jikelele" ziziphumo zohlobo oluthile ezisisikhokelo zazo zonke izifundo kanti zona "iziphumo jikelele zamacandelo emfundo noqeqesho" zikwabhekiselele kule ntsingiselo.
isimiselo sebakala luqingqo olubhalisiweyo lweziphumo ezifunekayo zemfundo noqeqesho neenkqubo zovavanyo ezifanelekileyo nendlela yokusebenzisa ulwazi olunxulumeneyo ngokumiselwe kule migaqo.
Uphahla Lukazwelonke Lomgangatho Onguwo luza kusekelwa kumanqwanqwa asibhozo, naya kubizwa ngokuthi Inqwanqwa 1 ukuya kwelesi-8 kwaye inqwanqwa ngalinye liya kuba nenkcazelo yalo eyahlukileyo.
Inqwanqwa 1 loPhahla Lukazwelonke Lomgangatho Onguwo liya kuvulekela ukuba lubandakanye amabanga amathathu asezantsi komgangatho, mabanga lawo alungiselelwe Imfundo Noqeqesho Olungundoqo Lwabadala apho kukhutshwa iziqinisekiso zempumelelo, kanti nenqwanqwa 8 lakuyekwa livulekile.
a. Inqwanqwa 1 nangezantsi: Isithungu Semfundo Noqeqesho Jikelele b. Amanqwanqwa 2 ukuya kwele-4: Isithungu Semfundo Noqeqesho Oluthe Chatha c.
d. Ihlelo 01: Ezolimo Nolondolozo Lwendalo e. Ihlelo 02: Ezenkcubeko Nobugcisa f. Ihlelo 03: Ezoshishino, Uqoqosho, Nolawulo g. Ihlelo 04: Ezonxibelelwano Nolwimi h.
Ihlelo 06: Ezemveliso, Ubunjineli Nobuchwepheshe j. Ihlelo 07: Ezoluntu Nentlalo k. Ihlelo 08: Ezomthetho, Ubungcali Bomkhosi Nokhuseleko l. Ihlelo 09: Ezempilo Neenkonzo Zoluntu m. Ihlelo 10: Ezendalo, Izibalo, Ubungcali bekhompyutha, Nezobomi.
n. Ihlelo 11: Iinkonzo o.
IGunya liya kunika inkcazelo eyahlukileyo kwisithungu ngasinye ukuze sahlulwe isithungu sibe zizithungwana eziya kuthi sisinye sinikwe inkcazelo eyahlukileyo liGunya.
Iziko Likazwelonke Lomgangatho Onguwo ngalinye, neliqulunqwe phantsi komgaqo we-12, liya kusebenzisana namaZiko Okumisela Umgangatho Onguwo aqulunqwe phantsi komgaqo wama-20 kwelo hlelo lalisekelwe lona ukuze lidale isikhokelo sezichazi-manqwanqwa eziqulunqwe kumthetho we-3 oya kucacisa inkqubo leyo yokubeka amanqwanqwa kumabakala, kwezinye iinkalo zaziqinisekiso nakwiziqinisekiso ngokwazo.
IGunya liya kubeka izichazi-manqwanqwa emva kokubonisana namaZiko Kazwelonke Omgangatho Onguwo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amahlelo onke asebenza ngokufanayo nokuba uvavanyo kuwo onke amahlelo lungahleleleki kwawamanye amazwe neziqinisekiso kwihlabathi jikelele.
a. Iziko Likazwelonke Lomgangatho ngalinye, neliqulunqwe ngomgaqo we-12 kunye neZiko Lokumisela Umgangatho eliqulunqwe ngomgaqo wama-20 akuvumelana ngenqwanqwa lebakala ngokokuthathela kulaa manqwanqwa asibhozo achazwe kumthetho we-3, kuqwalaselwa ukuba buqhubele phambili kangakanani na ububanzi nobunzulu bolwazi, ubuchule nexabiso kwihlelo ngalinye, kujongwe nokuba ziyabonakala zikwasebenziseka na iziphumo ezingundoqo zelo bakala.
b. Abaqulunqi beziqinisekiso ezisekelwe kumabakala athile baya kuseka iziqinisekiso ezisekupheleni kwenkqubo yezifundo ezineziqhamo ezinokusebenziseka kwelo bakala kanti zibe kwalikhonkco lokubandakanya isiqhamo esigqume konke, zidulise ulwazi, ubuchule nexabiso (ngokwesikali samanani 1 - 8 esikumgaqo we-3) apho ulwazi, ubuchule nexabiso elifumaneke kwihlelo ngalinye libandakanya iziqhamo ezingundoqo, zibe nakho nokuvavanyeka.
c. Abaqulunqi beziqinisekiso ezingasekwanga kumabakala athile baya kuseka intlanganisela yeziphumo zemfundo ezibonisa ukuba ekupheleni kwenkqubo yemfundo luyadula ulwazi, ubuchule nexabiso (ngokwesikali samanani 1 - 8 esikumgaqo we-3) apho ulwazi, ubuchule nexabiso elifumaneke kwihlelo ngalinye libandakanya iziqhamo ezingundoqo, zibe nakho nokuvavanyeka.
Ibakala nesiqinisekiso ngasinye esizihlangabezayo iimfuno zomgaqo we-7 nowe-8 ziya kubhaliswa kuPhahla Lweziqinisekiso Lukazwelonke, kwaye ilelo liya kubonakala ngenkcazo enomahluko.
o. necandelo elinesihlokwana "amanqaku" apho kufuneka kubandakanywe iziphumo ezingundoqo ezinqwenelwayo kumgaqo we-7 ezixhaswa sisahlulo sebakala; maliquke nolwazi oluyimfuneko olubandakanyekayo ukuba alukho kuvavanyo; makufakwe nolunye ulwazi oluxabangelayo malunga nesi sahlulo sebakala.
Iziphumo ezingundoqo ezinqwenelwa kumgaqo we-74 ziya kubandakanywa kwibakala elixeliweyo kumgaqo we-71ukuba elo bakala lakuthi xa liyinxalenye yesiqinisekiso, ezo ziphumo zingundoqo zingaqukwanga kwibakala zibandakanyeke kwisiqinisekiso.
p. Ukubona nokusombulula iingxaki apho iimpendulo zidulisa ukuba izigqibo ezibhadlileyo zithathwe ngokucinga okucwengileyo.
q. Ukusebenza kakuhle nabanye njengelungu leqela, umbutho okanye uluntu lwendawo ethile.
r. Ukuzilungiselela nokuziphatha ngokufanelekileyo, nomsebenzi ngokunjalo.
s. Ukuqokelela, ukuhlalutya, ukubekelela ngobuchule nokuhlela ulwazi.
t. Ukunxibelelana ngempumelelo kusetyenziswa ukubona, ukubala, ukuthetha nokubhala.
u. Ukusebenzisa kakuhle nangobuchule inzululwazi nobuchwepheshe, kudule ukukhathalela indalo nempilo yabanye.
v. Ukubonisa ukuqonda ukuba ihlabathi liyimbumba yeenkqubo ezinonxulumano nokuqonda ukuba imeko ethile yokusombulula ingxaki ayizimelanga geqe iyinxalenye yezinye.
v. nokuphuhlisa amathuba okuziqalela ushishino.
h. kucacisa kwimithetho elawula ukunikezelwa kwesiqinisekiso eso ukuba isiqinisekiso singafumaneka ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokwezavenge ngokuthi kwamkelwe imfundo yangaphambili esenokuthi kanti ayifunyanwanga kumagumbi emfundo, ibe kanti isenokuba ifumaneke ngokufunda ebomini jikelele nakwiimeko zempangelo.
Amanqaku ali-120 ikhulu elinamashumi amabini nangaphezulu aya kufuneka ekubhalisweni kwesiqinisekiso esikumanqwanqwa 1 ukuya kwisi-8, kukho ubuncinane bamanqaku angama-72 amashumi asixhenxe anesibini afunyenwe kwinqwanqwa okanye kwelingaphezulu kweli isiqinisekiso sibhaliswe kuso, ukuze ke amanqaku aseleyo angamashumi amane anesibhozo 48 axelwe wona: Le nto iya kwenzeka ukuba isiqinisekiso esinamanqaku angaphantsi kwe-120 siyazifezekisa iimfuno zomgaqo we-81 sibe kananjalo siyangqinelana neenjongo zoPhahla Lweziqinisekiso Lukazwelonke ngokwecandelo le-2 loMthetho.
IGunya lakubhalisa isiqinisekiso ekuthiwa Sisiqinisekiso Sikazwelonke kumanqwanqwa 1 ukuya ku-8 apho eso siqinisekiso sinamanqaku ali-120 nangaphezulu, abe amanqaku angama-72 ekwinqwanqwa okanye engaphezu kwalo eli nqwanqwa lesiqinisekiso esibhalisiweyo. Ukuba iGunya lithe lafumanisa ukuba isiqinisekiso esinamanqaku angaphantsi komlinganiselo siyazifezekisa iimfuno zomgaqo we-8 lo mqathango ungentle uyayekelelwa, sibhaliswe isiqinisekiso njengesikazwelonke.
j. Kwakhona iGunya liyasibhalisa isiqinisekiso njengeDiploma kaZwelonke xa sinamanqaku angama-240, abe amanqaku angama-72 ekwinqwanqwa lesi-5 okanye ngaphezulu.
k. Libhalisa Isidanga Sokuqala Sikazwelonke iGunya xa amanqaku esiqinisekiso engama-360, abe angama-72 ekwinqwanqwa lesi-6 okanye ngaphezulu.
Sithi sakugqiba ukubhaliswa isiqinisekiso liGunya, sichazwe ngokohlobo, inqwanqwa, inani lamanqaku, nesihloko esixela injongo yaso ephambili.
a. Amanqaku angama-72 ubuncinane ayafuneka kweli nqwanqwa okanye ngaphezu kweli nqwanqwa lesiqinisekiso esinikezelwayo, apho kuya kubakho imfundo engundoqo emanqaku angama-20 ayakuba evela kwicandelo lezifundo zoNxibelelwano Nolwimi, ngaphezulu kubekho amanqaku ali-16 avela kwicandelo leZibalo, ibe zizibalo ezilula kwiziqinisekiso zenqwanqwa lokuqala.
b. Amanqaku angama-36 ubuncinane kwinqwanqwa lokuqala, angama-52 kwiziqinisekiso zenqwanqwa lesibini ukuya kwelesine aya kwahlulwa phakathi kwecandelo Elingundoqo neLokuzikhethela, isiqinisekiso ngasinye sicacise ukwabiwa kwamanqaku afuneka kula macandelo: loo nto yenziwe xa ngaba umhlaba wamanqaku ongezelelweyo ubanzi ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela ukuba umfundi akhethe ezo zifundo zinomdla kuye.
c. Kothi kufikwa kunyaka wama-2002 amanqaku ali-16 ubuncinane kulawa angama-52 eziqinisekiso zamanqwanqwa esibini ukuya kwelesine obe evela kumacandelo agxininisa kulwazi lwezibalo zeMathematiki.
Ngaphezulu, ekubhalisweni kwamanqwanqwa esihlanu ukuya kwelesibhozo inani lamanqaku afunekayo kwizifundo Ezingundoqo neZokuzikhethela liya kuxelwa, nani elo liya kufanelana nesiqinisekiso eso sifunekayo: kwenzeke oko ukuba iGunya lifuna izizathu zokwabiwa kwamanani ngolo hlobo.
Isahlulo sebakala, ibakala okanye isiqinisekiso esizihlangabezileyo iimfuno zokubhaliswa siya kudluliselwa kwiGunya ukuze sibhaliswe, sidluliswa lelo qumrhu beliqulunqa isahlulo okanye ibakala elo ngokuvunyelwa ngamaZiko Kazwelonke Omgangatho Onguwo njengokuba kuchaziwe kumgaqo we-12.
IGunya ligcina ekubhalisweni isahlulo sebakala, ibakala okanye isiqinisekiso esifeze zonke iimfuno zokubhaliswa ithuba leminyaka emithathu ekothi emva koko kuhlaziywe ukubhaliswa.
Kwinyanga yokuqala kunyaka wesithathu sibhalisiwe isahlulo, ibakala okanye isiqinisekiso, iGunya lakuthuma iZiko Likazwelonke Lomgangatho Onguwo neligunyaziswe ngumgaqo we-12 ukuba lihlaziye eso sahlulo, bakala okanye siqinisekiso, lixele ukufaneleka okanye ukungafaneleki, lixhase ngezizathu ezibonisa indlela ethotyelwe okanye etyeshelwe ngayo imiqathango yokubhalisa.
Isahlulo sebakala, ibakala okanye isiqinisekiso esibhaliswe kuPhahla Lweziqinisekiso Lukazwelonke sivula ilungelo lokuba wonke ubani afikelele kuso.
imfundo amele ukuba selenayo oza kungenela esi siqinisekiso iziphumo ezilindelekileyo ekugqibeni komfundi ezo zifundo njengoko kuboniswe kumgaqo we-5 (b) neenkalo zovavanyo iv.
d. akukho siqinisekiso siya kwamkelelwa ubhaliso lwethutyana emva kowama-30 eSilimela kowama-2003, kwaye nobhaliso phantsi kwalo mgaqo luya kuphelelwa ngaloo mhla.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_IZIQULATHO 1.txt</fn>
Ukuphakamisa ulawulo olululo lweelwimi lusenzelwa ulawulo olwaneleyo lwenkonzo karhulumente ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kunye nokulindelwe ngabaxhasi.
Ukuphunyezwa ngokuthe chu kwe-NLPF kuthetha ukuba imfuno yeenkonzo zoguqulo zisuka kwaye zisiya kwiilwimi ezisemthethweni iyakuqhuba isanda. Izikhokelo zeNkqubo ke ngoko zibalulekile ekulawulweni kwenkqubo yoguqulo kunye nokugadwa kokusemdleni wabaxhasi nabaguquli.
Ukudibana namazwe ngamazwe kuzise ukunyuka kwimfuno yoguqulo olusuka luye kwiilwimi zangaphandle. Ngaphandle kokuba uguqulo olunjalo lusebenzela ukuphucula unxibelelwano phakathi koMzantsi Afrika kunye namazwe angaphandle kunye nokuphakamisa ubudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe. Indlela eyaneleyo yokulawula amaxwebhu kufuneka ke ngoko ibe sendaweni ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa ngethuba koguqulo olunobulunga.
Injongo engundoqo yezi zikhokelo zenkqubo kukuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa kweenkonzo ezithe rhoqo zikubulunga obuphezulu ukuze kwaneliseke okulindelwe ngabaxhasi, kunye nangaxesha nye, ukuphakamisa umfanekiso wobugcisa kunye nesikhundla sabo bonke abasebenzi ngeelwimi.
Nokukhutshwa kwamaxwebhu ekhutshelwa uguqulo, ukuhlelwa nokukhangelwa.
Umsebenzi weelwimi wenziwa kumacandelo karhulumente kunye namacandelo abucala, kodwa ngendlela engalawulwayo. Akukho ndlela yokuhlola umgangatho wenkonzo enikwayo, okanye nayiphi na indlela yokulinganisa ukukufunekaka kwabasebenzi ngeelwimi. Ukongeza, akukho ndlela yokukhetha icacileyo nefanayo yokukhetha abaguquli. Ngenxa yoko, inani leengxaki liye lachongwa. Eziye zaquka uguqulo olungekho mgangathweni, ukunqongophala kwezakhono, ukunqongophala kwezakhiwo zokumelana nemfuno, kunye nesikhundla esisezantsi sabasebenzi ngeelwimi.
Ezi zikhokelo zeNkqubo zikwaphatha kwizithethe kunye nemigangatho esezantsi enxulumene noqeqesho, ukwamkelwa kweziqinisekiso kunye nokubhaliswa kwabasebenzi ngeelwimi, ezizo zonke ezibalulekileyo ekulawulweni komsebenzi. Izikhokelo ezibekwe apha zinxulumene kakhulu ngqo neenkonzo zoguqulo, ukuhlelwa nokukhangelwa ezinikwa yi-NLS, kodwa ke zinokusetyenziswa zii-LU ukubeka endaweni imisebenzi elawulwa kakuhle sisakhelo.
Ubuchule bokwazi ulwimi bohlukile kubuchule boguqulo.
Abaguquli kufuneka bazi konke kuqala, kwaye babe nako ukusebenza kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo, kwaye kufuneka babe ziingcali.
Umgangatho ophezulu woguqulo uyimfuneko ukuba ngaba amasebe karhulumente kufuneka anxulumane ngokusebenzayo nabantu abancedayo.
Inkqubo yokuqesha kunye nokusebenzisa abaguquli bexesha abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga ixhomekeke ekuvunyweni yiKomiti yeThenda yeSebe.
bonke abaxhasi abacela iinkonzo zoguqulo, ukuhlelwa nokukhangelwa kumasebe karhulumente.
Umsebenzi ongundoqo we-NLS/nee-LU uya kuba kukulungelelanisa unxulumano phakathi kukarhulumente kunye noluntu, kunye naphakathi koMzantsi Afrika kunye namanye amazwe.
Amasebe karhulumente amaphondo, ingakumbi ngokuphathelene neelwimi zangaphandle, kunye noonozakuzaku.
Izivumelwano (umzekelo. Izivumelwano zentsebenziswano, izivumelwano zokurhwebelana namazwe ngamazwe).
iBhunga labasebenzi ngeeLwimi liyakulawula uqeqesho lwabasebenzi ngeelwimi kwaye lilawule ukwamkelwa kunye nobhaliso lwabo.
Ngokuphakathi ngamagama angama-2 000 ukuya kumagama angama 2 500 (amaphepha asi-7 ukuya kwasi-8 anamagama angama-300 nganye) ngosuku.
La maxesha okufezekisa ayakusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezilungileyo. Izinto ezichaphazela ixesha lokufezekisa bubunjani boxwebhu, umgangatho wobuteknikali, ubulunga bekopi engakhutshelwanga, ukufumaneka kwezichazi magama kunye noluhlu lwesigama, izinga lokufaniswa kwesigama kunye nexesha elifunekayo lokwenza uphando. Ixesha elichithwayo kulawulo lobulunga kunye/okanye kwiintlanganiso ezinxulumene noguqulo okanye ukuhlela uxwebhu nalo liyakukuchaphazela ufezekiso.
Xa kukhutshwa uxwebhu, imihla yokuwangenisa ekuxoxwe ngayo phakathi komxhasi, i-NLS/LU kunye nomguquli ongasebenzi xesha lipheleleyo obandakanyekayo kufuneka ikhonjiswe ngawo onke amaxesha.
Izicelo zoguqulo, ukuhlelwa nokukhangelwa mazigunyaziswe ngamagosa aqeshiweyo kumasebe esizwe okanye amaphondo, awemibutho yoluntu kunye namaqumrhu omgaqosiseko.
Amaxwebhu afana nemiThetho eQulunqwayo, imiThetho kunye nemimiselo eye yalungiswa kufuneka ukhatshwe ngamaxwebhu angakhutshelwanga kwaye lonke ukuhlelwa lwemiThetho eQulunqwayo, imiThetho nemimisleo enjalo.
Yonke imithetho kunye nemithetho engaphantsi kufuneka ibe msulwa kubaCebisi ngezomThetho bakaRhulumente ukuze ivunywe phambi kokuba ingeniselwe ukuguqulwa kunye nokuhlela.
Kuphela liphepha elinamagama lokugqibela elenzelwe ukuba lipapashwe okanye lijikeleziswe elinokungeniselwa ukuguqulwa.
Ukuba ngaba akukho nanye kwezi meko ekuhlangatyezwana nazo, amaxwebhu ayakubuyiselwa kumxhasi.
Indlela yokubhalisa izicelo kufuneka ilandelwe ngokungatshintshiyo kusetyenziswa iikhowudi ekuvunyelwene ngazo. Umzekelo, uxwebhu lunokunikwa isingqinisiso Xho 03/0001/B. U"Xho" ukhombisa ukuba isiXhosa lulwimi ekuguqulwa kusukwa kulo u-"03" ukhombisa unyakamali, u"0001" ukhombisa inani loxwebhu, kwaye u-"B" ukhombisa uhlobo loxwebhu, kwesi sehlo ke ngumThetho oQulunqwayo.
Ngokudibana neentloko zeenkonzo zoguqulo, INtloko yeeNkonzo zokuNcedisa okanye iNtloko ye-LU bayakuxoxa ngomhla wokungeniswa koxwebhu kunye nomxhasi. Iintloko ziyakudibana No(na)sebenzi ngeelwimi obandakanyekayo phambi kokuba baqinisekise ngomhla wokungeniswa koxwebhu. INtloko yeeNkonzo zokuNcedisa okanye iNtloko ye-LU, bedibene nomsebenzi wexesha elingaphelelanga, bayawukwenza isigqibo nomsebenzi wexesha elingaphelelanga malunga nomhla wokubuyiswa koxwebhu. Oku kufuneka kuvumele ixesha lokuqinisekiswa kobulunga.
INtloko yeeNkonzo zokuNcedisa okanye iNtloko ye-LU iyakuthi ke iwadlulisele kwiintloko zoguqulo amaxwebhu, eyiye ke ibe yimfanelo yazo ukuwathumela kwabo baguquli bangaphakathi babandakanyekayo. Umsebenzi awunakunikwa umguquli ngqo.
Iintloko zoguqulo iya kuba yimfanelo yazo eyokuqinisekisa ukuba abaguquli bagcina ubulunga kwaye bawungenisa ngexesha umsebenzi wabo.
Apho ngaphakathi kunqongophele amandla okuhlangabezana nomhla wokungeniswa koxwebhu, intloko yoguqulo ebandakanyekayo iyakungenisa isicelo kwiNtloko yeeNkonzo zokuNcedisa okanye kwi-kwiNtloko ye-LU ukuze uxwebhu lukhutshelwe ngaphandle. Zonke izicelo zokukhutshwa kwamaxwebhu kufuneka zivunywe nguMphathi weCandelo.
Nabaguquli abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga abavunyiweyo.
Sakube isigqibo senziwe sokuba makukhutshwe uxwebhu, inkqubo echazwe ngasezantsi kufuneka ilandelwe.
uMphathi weCandelo unokuqesha naliphi na igosa elikufunekakileyo ukuba ligunyazise ukukhutshwa kwezicelo ezingxamisekileyo, umzekelo ezivela kwi-Ofisi kaMongameli, okanye izicelo ezinokuba neempembelelo kunxulumano lwamazwe, xa engekho.
Ngokungqinelana nemimiselo yomThetho woHlelo loPhicotho-ziNcwadi, ka-1992 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-122 ka-1992), amagosa karhulumente akanakuguqula, alungise okanye akhangele nawaphi na amaxwebhu akhutshelwe ngaphandle ukuze ahlawulwe.
Kunyaka mali ngamnye, abalawuli be-NLS/LU baya kupapasha bemema iithenda kubantu abangasebenzi xesha lipheleleyo zokunikela ngeenkonzo zoguqulo nokuhlela kurhulumente. Ngelixesha ngaphambili abantu abangasebenzi xesha lipheleleyo bebeya kucelwa ukuba baqinisekise ukuba basenomdla na ekunikeleni ngenkonzo zabo. Xa kuvunyiwe, umntu ongasebenzi xesha lipheleleyo ubeya kuhlala engumntu osebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga owamkelweyo kurhulumente de arhoxe, okanye de iinkonzo zipheliswe ngurhulumente ngokungenisa umsebenzi ongahlangabezaniyo nenqobo yobulunga emiselwe kwizikhokelo zenkqubo.
Inkqubo yokukhetha nokuvavanya okungqongqo iza kusetyenziswa ukumisa ukuba ngabaphi abantu abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga abanikele ngenkonzo ebonakalayo kwaye enesiqinisekiso sokugqwesa kwaye esiya kukhutshwelwa impumelelo yabo.
Abalawuli be-NLS/LU kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba bonke abantu abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga abaguqulayo bavumelana neemfuno zikaNondyebo weSizwe malunga nokuphathwa kwamaxwebhu aseburhulumenteni nokuba xa bebonke kufuneka babenokufunyanwa bemsulwa ngokwezokhuseleko olufunekakileyo.
Umsebenzi uya kukwabelwa abaguquli abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga ngokusekelwe kutshintshiswano kwaye ishedyuli yokutshintshisana iya kugcinwa ngotshintsho phakathi kwabantu abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubukho babo nobungcaphephe nobuncutshe kuguqulo. Bonke abantu abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga baya kunika ixabiso kumsebenzi ofuna ukwenziwa, kwaye abo babhalisiweyo kufuneka banikwe ithuba ngokulandelelanayo, kwaye naluphi na unxaxho oluvela kulandelelwano lwabantu abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga kufuneka luphenjelelwe kwaye luvunywe kwangaphambili.
Akukho sithembiso somsebenzi sinokunikwa umntu osebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga/ ishishini lomenzeli lilo naliphi igosa le-NLS/LU sokuba liya kuthumelela umntu othile osebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga/ ishishini lomenzeli umsebenzi. Nasiphi na isiqinisekiso esinjalo siza kwenza ukungaziphathi kakuhle kwigosa elichaphazelekayo kwaye kuza kuhanjiswana nayo ngokweenkqubo zokuqeqesha zikarhulumente.
Umsebenzi uza kukhutshelwa kuphela kubantu abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga abebevunywe ngokusesikweni. Xa kungekho nawuphi na umntu osebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga uvunyiweyo onako okanye okhoyo ukuba enze umsebenzi othile, imvume ebhaliweyo kufuneka ifumaneke kuMphathi wecandelo yokukhupha umsebenzi kumntu oguqulayo osebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga okanye uye kwishishini elinomenzeli, ngokuphathelelene nenkqubo eqhelekileyo yokufumana.
Ukukhangela: inani lamagama azo zombini iziqendwana kuluhlu lwamaxabiso olunikiweyo okukhangela, kodwa ngokukhethekayo hayi ngaphantsi kweR30,00/100 lamagama.
Umhlathi 17.1 we-ST36 umisa ukuba amaxabiso azinzisiweyo nangazinziswanga anokunikezelwa, xeshikweni umhlathi 17.2 usenza amalungiselelo okunyenyisa amaxabiso ngokusebenzisa ifomula. Kukhetheke ukuba uluhlu lwamaxabiso oluzinzisiweyo lunikezelwe.
Xa ithe imvume yafumaneka kuMphathi weCandelo, ifom eyi-Log 1 etyikityiweyo (khangela kumhlathi 12.1.16 malunga nolwazi ekufuneka lunikiwe) kufuneka kuthunyelwe kuLudwe lokuBonelela (Supply Chain) noLawulo lwezinto umntu anazo ezinokuthengiselwa ukuhlawulwa kwamatyala akhe (SCAM), neyakuthi idale kwaye ithumele umyalelo wasebuRhulumenteni kumntu osebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga.
Intloko yabancedisi (H/AUX) okanye intloko yeeyunithi zolwimi (H/LU) iza kuthumela amaxwebhu kunye nencwadi yomyalelo kumntu owenza umsebenzi ixesha elingaphelelanga.
uhlobo lomsebenzi ofuna ukwenziwa, okt.
uluhlu lwamaxabiso olusetyenziswayo; kunye nomhla wokubuyiswa.
Amashishini abenzeli namaqumrhu asondeleleneyo kufuneka axele iinkcukacha zabaguquli bawo angenise inkcazo ngobom bomntu ngamnye owenze isigqibo nabo.
I-NLS/LU ayithembisi ukusebenzisana ngqo nabaguquli ekubhekiselelwe kubo kumhlathi 13.2, kodwa ukusebenzisana kuphela neshishini lomenzeli okanye iqumrhu elisondeleyo elibaqeshayo.
Umsebenzi obuyiswe emva kosuku lokungeniswa kwawo uya kuxhomekeka kwisohlwayo seepesenti ezilishumi elinesine sexabiso xa lilonke lomsebenzi ongenisiweyo, eza kubalwa ngosuku ngalunye mihla le emva kosuku lokungenisa ngaphandle kokuba usuku lokungenisa belihanjiselwe ngaphambili ngesivumelwano esifanayo ekuqaleni phakathi kweNtloko yeeNkonzo zabaNcedisi okanye neNtloko yeYunithi zeeLwimi, umxhasi nomguquli abachaphazelekayo. Ukanti ukuba ngaba usuku lokungenisa luza kudluliswa ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24, uyilo lwesivumelwano esicela imvumelwano yokuhanjiselwa ngaphambili kosuku lokungenisa kufuneka ingeniswe kwi-SCAM.
Abantu abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga kufuneka bangenise iziqinisekiso zokufunyanwa umsulwa kwirhafu kwiNkonzo yeNgeniso eMzantsi Afrika (SARS) kwaye banikezele ngeenombolo zokubhalisela irhafu zabo kwifom yesicelo sokunika ixabiso lomsebenzi ofuna ukwenziwa.
Njengemanyathelo achasene nokulahleka komsebenzi okunokwenzeka, abantu abasebenza ixesha eligaphelelanga kufuneka bagcine iikopi zawo nawuphi na umsebenzi abawubuyisele kwi-NLS/LU kangangonyaka ukususela ekugqityweni kwawo umsebenzi.
ukuvumelana nobhalo-magama olusebuRhulumenteni: kunye iingcinga zokwenene zentsingiselo zesicatshulwa semveli.
Ukukhangelwa kwesampuli, okt. Ukukhangelwa kwamaphepha nakanjanina amaxwebhu, kunokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ubulunga. Ukuba ubulunga abufiki kumgangatho ofunekayo, umguquli wangaphakathi okanye umntu ofanelekileyo olungileyo okwenziwe naye isigqibo saloo njongo yi-NLS/LU uya kuhlela uguqulo ngokupheleleyo kwaye i-NLS/LU ingathabatha amanyathelo ngokungqinelana nomhlathi 12.1.11.
Ukuba ngaba ulwimi alulungiselelwanga ngaphakathi, ii-NLS/LUs ziza kulukhuphela ngaphandle ulawulo lobulunga loxwebhu olukufunekakileyo, ngokwenkqubo esesikweni yokufumana, kumguquli ofanelekileyo olungileyo nonamava oyakuqinisekisa ubulunga ngohlobo lokukhangela isampuli. Ukulungiselela lenjongo, amaphepha aya kuthathwa kuxwebhu nokuba kukanjanina. Inani lamaphepha aphononongiweyo kufuneka enze ubuncinane i-10 leepesenti lamaphepha xa ewonke oxwebhu, umz. amaphepha ali-10 amaphepha oxwebhu ali-100 kufuneka ahlolwe.
Phambi kokuba kwenziwe intlawulo, umguquli wangaphakathi othembekileyo kufuneka aqinisekise ubulunga bomsebenzi ofunyenweyo ovela kumntu osebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga ngokusayina isiqinisekiso sefomu yentlawulo.
Ifomu yempendulo iza kubandakanywa kuguqulo ngalunye, nokuba iguqulwe ngaphakathi okanye ngumntu osebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga, xa ibuyiselwa kumxhasi. Umxhasi uza kugcwalisa le fomu ayibuyisele kwiNtloko yeeNkonzo eziNcedisayo okanye yeYunithi zeLwimi abaya kuthi banike ingxelo kuMphathi weCandelo kanye kwinyanga ezintathu.
Yimfanelo yeentloko zoguqulo ukunqanda indleko engenangeniso, enenkcitho, engagunyaziswanga nenxamnye nomthetho.
Akukho ntlawulo eyakwenziwa ngaphandle kwentsayino yeNtloko yeeNkonzo zokuNcedisa okanye iNtloko yeYunithi yoLwimi naleyo yoMphathi weCandelo.
Ukuba kukho naziphi na izikhalazo ezivela kubantu abasebenza ixesha elingaphelelanga ngokuphathelelene nentlawulo yomsebenzi owenziweyo kufuneka zijoliswe kwiNtloko yeeNkonzo zokuNcedisa okanye iNtloko yeYunithi yoLwimi.
INkqubo iza kulungiswa yi-NLS njengoko ifuna okanye xa ifuna, kwaye bonke abachaphazelekayo baya kuxelelwa ngezilungiso ezinjalo.
UMphathi weCandelo uthetha igosa likarhulumente elingekho ngaphantsi kwesikhundal sokuba nguMlawuli onemfanelo kwiCandelo elithile, umz. icandelwana.
umguquli uthetha umntu oguqula amaxwebhu ukusuka kulwimi ekuguqulwa kusukwa kulo ukusa kulwimi ekuguqulwa kujoliswe kulo, kwaye kubandakanyeka umhleli okanye umkhangeli, ngaphandleni kokuba indawo eyandulelayo nelandelayo encwadini ibonisa enye into.
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Ukunikezela ukuba kuzinziswe iSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho wobuNjineli ukuphuhlisa ukulunga kanye kubunzululwazi nakusetyenziso lobunjineli; ukunikeza ukuba iBhunga lilawule liphathe iSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho wobuNjineli; kwaye ukunikeza ukuba izinto eziqhagamshelana nazo.
Uzinziso lweSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho eMzantsi Afrika sokuFunda.
lo Mthetho ubandakanya imimiselo eyenziwe ngokuka-31.
ISikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho wobunjineli saseMzantsi Afrika ngenxa yoko sizinziswe njengomntu onguMqondisi-mthetho.
f nikezela ngenkuthazo ngokuzamela ukulunga kanye kubunjineli kwiRiphabliki ngokonyula oonjineli nezinye izigxina ezalamanayo ezinobuchule obuvunyiweyo nezinempumelelo njengamalungu ombutho othile ofundileyo beSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
g ncedisa imibutho namaziko obunjineli kwinkqubela-phambili yobunzululwazi nakwimidla yobugcisa besigxina; kwaye h zinzisa nokugcina ulwalamano nemibutho yezizwe eneenjongo ezifanayo njengeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
UmPhathiswa angongamela isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo ukuba benze imisebenzi egameni likarhulumente ngokungqinelana neenjongo zeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
Amalungu eSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho aquka amalungu ombutho othile ofundileyo namalungu ombutho othile ofundileyo bangaphandle.
c ngumntu obalaseleyo ngesizathu okanye ngempumelelo yakhe kubunjineli; kwaye d nokuzibandakanya ngokukhutheleyo kwinkqubela-phambili yobomi bakhe.
Ilungu lombutho othile ofundileyo onikwe nje ngegama fanele abengumntu, kwingcinga zeBhunga, owenza umnikelo onomahluko ekuziqhelaniseni nobunjineli.
Inani la a amalungu ombutho othile ofundileyo abangaphantsi keminyaka engamashumi amathandathu fanele bangadluli kwikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu; kwaye b amalungu ombutho othile ofundileyo abavela ngaphandle fanele bangadluli kwishumi elinesihlanu.
ISikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho fanele sonyule amalungu ombutho othile ofundileyo namalungu ombutho othile ofundileyo abavela ngaphandle kwintlanganiso jikelele.
Umgqatswa malunga nobulungu fanele angabekwa phambili, ngaphandleni okokuba, igama lakhe belikhe lafakwa ngaphambili, ngendlela exeliweyo kwiBhunga.
b ngokungabhatali imali zobulungu, c ngokufa, okanye d ngokungaphumeleli ukucinga ukuthobelana nalo Mthetho nomgaqo-siseko weSikolo semFundo ePhakamileyo soMthetho.
k qesha, lungisa imivuzo yamagosa ukhuphe amagosa esikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho; kwaye l yenza nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi oyimfuneko ukufikelela kwiinjongo zawo.
c yenza imisebenzi enjalo ngokuhlonipha iinjongo njengoko umPhathiswa anokwabela kuyo; kwaye d kumaxesha ngamaxesha khumbula ulwkhiwo lwaso, ulungiselelo neenkqubo.
Isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho singanikezela ngenxaso efanelekileyo kwiinjongo zalo Mthetho nakuwuphina ummango ongaphandle kweRiphabliki, ngaphantsi kwemithetho yezizwe elawula intsebenziswano yezizwe.
Amalungu esikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho fanele kwintlanganiso yokuqala yaso nasiphi esonyuliweyo isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo esonyula ilungu lesikolo semfundo ephakamileyo njengomGcini-sihlalo.
Xa umgcini-sihlslo engekho entlanganisweni yesikolo semfundo ephakamileyo, amalungu akhoyo fanele onyule abemnye kumanani abo ukwazisa entlanganisweni.
UmGcini-sihlalo ufanele ukwazisa ngokubhala onke amalungu esikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho ngayo nayiphi intlanganiso, kangangokuba, hayi ngaphantsi kweveki ezimbini ubuncinane ngaphambi komhla wentlanganiso enjalo.
Isaziso sazo zonke iintlanganiso fanele zibandakanye uluhlu lwemicimbi yokuxoxwa yentlanganiso.
Onke amalungu esikolo semfundo ephakamileyo anevoti enye.
Umgcini-sihlalo fanele amisele inkqubo eza kulandelwa ezintlanganisweni.
Kwisihlo seevoti ezibulunga zayo nayiphi into, umgcini-sihlalo unevoti ayiphosayo ukwengeza kwivoti ecingiweyo.
Ilungu lesikolo semfundo ephakamileyo linelungelo ukonyula ummeli ukuba abekhona ukwenzela ingxoxo nevoti yeloo lungu ibe nokumelwa.
Isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho singazinzisa nayiphi ikomiti ukuncedisa ngesenzo semisebenzi yaso ngokwaloMthetho.
Isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho singaqesha naliphi ilungu kwaye umsebenzi wesikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho njengoko kunokucingwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuzuza iinjongo zaloMthetho.
Ukuba ikomiti zinamalungu angaphezulu kwesinye kwaye isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho asonyuli umgcini-sihlalo walo komiti, ikomiti ingonyula umgcini-sihlalo apha phakathi kwamalungu kwintlanganiso yayo yokuqala.
Isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho sidibana nangaliphi ixesha ukuphelisa okanye ukuphinda sonyule ikomiti.
Isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho asikhululwa kumisebenzi wawo nawuphi umsebenzi ophathisa ngethemba kuyo nayiphi ikomiti yesikolo semfundo ephakamileyo ngokwelicandelo.
Icandelo 10 lisebenzisana notshintsho oluyimfuneko ngokunxulumene nekomiti yesikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
Isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho singaqesha amalungu anjalo esitafu njengoko kunokuba yimfuneko yobuchule nokusebenza okusebenzayo kwemisebenzi yawo ngokuxhomekeke kumhlathi (b) nakwiimeko ezinjalo jengoko zinokumiswa.
Isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho fanele emalini yaso sihlawule abasebenzi baso imivuzo enjalo, izaphulelo, iinkxaso nezinye izibonelelo njengoko iBhunga linokumisa.
Isikolo semfundo ephakamileyo kwiimeko ezinjalo nangokuchaseneyo nokhuseleko olunjalo njengoko sinokucingwa sikulungele kwaye ukuba umsebenzi uyavuma apho, angamxhasa umsebenzi, mhlawumbi malunga nomsebenzi othile okanye ixesha elithile, kumsebenzi wesebe likaRhulumente, umbutho okanye iziko kwiRiphabliki ukuba amalungelo abasebenzi anjalo, amalungelo awodwa nezibonelelo ngobumsulwa beemeko zomsebenzi njengomsebenzi wesikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho akachaphazeleki ngokungalunganga yinkxaso enjalo.
ISikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho fanele sisebenzise iimali zaso ukuhlawula iinkcitho ezenziwe siso ekwenzeni imisebenzi yaso.
ISikolo semfundo ephakamielyo soMthetho fanele sisebenzise nayiphi na iminikelo okanye imirhumo ebhekiselel kwicandelwana 1b ngokungqinelana neemeko, ukuba zikhona, ezixelwa ngumnikeli okanye umbhaleli onokhathalelo, kodwa ezo meko zingangangqinelani neenjongo zeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho okanye nawuphi na omnye.
ISikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho singabiza imali enjalo okanye senze emanye amalungiselelo email njengoko kunokucingwa ukuba ikulungele malunga nawo nawuphi umsebenzi ogqityiweyo okanye inkonzo enikelweyo ngokwaloMthetho.
a avule i-akhawunti egameni leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho neziko elibhalisiweyo njengebhanki ngokoMthetho weeBhanki, 1990 No. 94 ka-1990; kwaye b adipozithe apho yonke imali efunyenweyo ngokwecandelwana 1.
IGosa lesiGqeba eliyiNtloko fanele senze incwadi ezigcweleyo nezizizo ze-akhawunti nawo onke amarekhodi ayimfuneko ngokunxulumenenoko kufuneka kugciniwe.
IGosa lesiGqeba eliyiNtloko fanele liqinisekise ukuba amcebo embumba yemali yonyaka yeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho, iingxelo zonyaka neengxelo zemali eziphicothiweyo zilungiswa ngokungqinelana nePFMA.
ISikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho fanele ngonyaka mali ngamnye ngomhla okanye ngaphambili omiselwe ngumPhathiswa angenise ingxelo yonyaka kwimisebenzi yawo nengxelo yengeniso yawo nenkcitho eqikelelwayo yonyaka olandelayo ukulungiselela imvume yomPhathiswa.
IBhunga lingazuza, libambe okanye lithengise ngempahla eshenxiswayo okanye engashenxiswayo ngenkqubela-phambili yeenjongo zeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo.
IBhunga lingamisa umgaqo-nkqubo nenkqubo ngokuphathelele kwinzuzo nasekuthengisweni kwempahla.
Zonke izinto umntu anazo ezinokuthengiselwa ukuhlawulwa kwamatyala eSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho fanele zibanjwe zibhaliswe egameni leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
Imfanelo yelungu leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho elungiselela amatyala nokuzibophelela kweSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho fanele sinyinwe kumlinganiselo walo malungu angagqibanga ukuhlawula imali yobulungu.
Namnye kubo bobabini umPhathiswa okanye naliphi na ilungu lesitafu seSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho liba nemfanelo kukholo olulungileyo ekwenziweni komsebenzi ngokwaloMthetho.
IBhunga ngesicelo somPhathiswa okanye naliphi na iziko elonyuliweyo kwinjongo ekwimeko ezinjalo njengoko umPhathiswa emisile.
c ukwamkela okanye ubangele ukwamkelwa kophengululo nophando olunjalo eziphathelelene neenjongo zalo.
Ukunikela ngeenkonzo ezicingwe kwicandelwana 1 alinakunqanda iSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho ngokusebenzayo nangenkuthalo ekwenzeni umsebenzi waso ngokungqinelana nalo Mthetho.
IBhunga leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho esiphatha silawule iSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho ngokungqinelana nalo Mthetho ozinzisiweyo apha.
Amalungu eBhunga kufanelekile xa ebonwa kunye, abe nabantu aboneleyo abaneziqinisekiso ezifaneleyo okanye amava kubunjineli nakwinzululwazi.
a libe ngummi weRiphabliki ozihlalelayo nje apha b ukuzinikela kwinjongo nakwiinjongo ezicaciswa kulo Mthetho; kwaye c Inokufumaneka ukuzalisekisa indima yakhe njengelungu.
Amalungu eBhunga onyulwa ngamalungu ombutho othile ofundileyo weSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho kwwaye aqeshwa ngumPhathiswa.
ISikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho fanele senziwe ngohlobo lokuba limelwe ngokubanzi bendawo ezithile zoMzantsi Afrika.
e wakha wagwetywa nokuba kukwiRiphabliki okanye kwenye indawo ngobusela' bobumenemene, ukukhohlisa' isifungo-buxoki okanye naliphi na ityala elibandakanya ukunganyaniseki; kwaye f ngenxa yesimilo esingafanelekanga fanele ashenxiswe e-ofisini yokuthembela.
c lisaziswa yiNkundla ePhakamileyo ngokungazinzanga okanye ngempambano okanye libanjwa ngaphantsi koMthetho weMpilo ngeNgqondo, ka-1973 No.
g lifumaniseke linetyala lokungakwazi ukuziphatha emva kokuxoxwa kwetyala ngokusesikweni ngokuziphatha nelinokwenza iSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho sibe sehlazweni, kodwa ilungu lingangaphumi liphele e-ofisini de kube yintlanganiso elandelyo yonyaka jikelele apho uphumo luphele e-ofisini fanela luvele kuluhlu lwemicimbi yokuxoxwa; okanye h ngaphansti kwelicandelwana, enze intetho yakhe yokurhoxa ngokubhaliweyo kwiSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho neSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho sivume urhoxo olunjalo nayo yonke imali yemirhumo ebonakalayo ebhatelweyo.
Naliphi na ilungu leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho elinqwenela ukurhoxisa ubulungu balo fanele lidlulise isicelo sokurhoxa kwalo ngokubhaliweyo linikele iBhunga kwaye iBhunga liyaluvuma urhoxo olunjalo ukuba ngaba yonke imali yemirhumo ebanjwa lilungu ihlawulwe.
Ukuba i-ofisi yelungu leBhunga ayibinanto ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha le-ofisi yelo lungu, umPhathiswa fanele aqeshe umntu owonyulwe liBhunga ukuzalisa isithuba sesahlulo esingaphelanga sethuba apho ilungu eliphumileyo e-ofisini beliqeshiwe.
Isikhundla esicamngcwa kwicandelwana 4 fanele senziwe kangangenstuku ezingamashumi amathandathu ukusukela ngomhla kwadaleka isithuba.
Ixesha le-ofisi elilungiselelwe amalungu eBhunga yiminyaka emithathu kodwa amalungu angaqhubekeka e-ofisini de amalungu alandelayo eSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho abe anokumiselwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ilungu leBhunga lingaphainda liqeshwe kodwa alinakusebenza ngaphezu kwamaxesha amabini elandelelana.
Amalungu eBhunga fanele kwintlanganiso yokuqala yeBhunga elitsha elimisiweyo xa lilonke lonyule uMongameli noSekela-mongmeli.
Bobabini uMongameli noSekela-mongameli fanele babezinjineli ezisigxina ezibhalisiweyo.
a ngokwexeshana akanakuba nakho ukwenza imisebenzi enxulumene nalo ofisi ukulungiselela nasiphi na isizathu nokuba sithini; okanye b uphume waphela okanye ushenxisiwe kulo ofisi kwaye uMongameli omtsha akakenyulwa.
USekela-mongameli ngokwecandelwana 3 angawasebenzisa onke amagunya kwaye fanele enze yonke imisebenzi kaMongameli.
Ukuba ngaba uMongameli noSekela-mongameli abanakho ukongamela kwintlanganiso yeBhunga, amalungu akhoyo fanele onyule umntu kwinani labo ukongamela kulo ntlanganiso.
Umntu owonyuliweyo ngokwecandelwana 5, ngexesha lentlanaganiso de uMongameli okanye uSekela-mongameli aqalise imisebenzi yakhe, angenza yonke imisebenzi kaMongameli.
IBhunga lingaqesha iGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko kwaye amagosa angamanye anjalo njengoko kunokucingwa ngokuyimfuneko ukuqhubekekisa imisebenzi yalo.
IGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko njengoko kunokucingwa ngokuyimfuneko lingenza ngokwePFMA, njengeGosa le-Akhawunti.
b kulawulo lokuphatha kubutyebi beSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho nakwamanye amalungu eBhunga; kwaye c eminye imisebenzi enokwabelwa yena liBhunga okanye siSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
a ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinjongo zeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho ziqhutywa ngokusebenzayo; kwaye b liziqhelanise nolawulo jikelele ngaphezu kwemisebenzi yeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
d lifake ligxothe umsebenzi ngendlela emisiweyo; kwaye e lenze eminye imisebenzi eyimfuneko ekuzuzeni iinjongo zeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho nalo Mthetho.
Intlanagniso yokuphela konyaka yeBhunga fanele ibanjwe ngomhla oyakumiswa liBhunga ngaphakathi kwixesha leenyanga ezintathu ngokukhawuleza ilandela ukuphela kwesandulela sonyaka-mali.
Amalungu eBhunga fanele kwintlanganiso yokuqala yayo naliphi iBhunga elitsha elonyuliweyo lonyule ilungu leBhunga njengomgcini-sihlalo.
Xa umgcini-sihlalo engekho entlanganisweni yeBhunga, amalungu akhoyo fanele onyule omnye kwinani labo ukuba azise entlanganisweni.
UmGcini-sihlalo fanele awazise ngokubhala onke amalungu eBhunga ayo nayiphi intlanganiso kungabi ngaphantsi kweveki ezimbini ngaphambi komhla wentlanganiso.
Kwisehlo sentlanganiso eyodwa eza kubanjwa ngokungxamisekileyo, umgcini-sihlalo angahlanganisa intlanganiso enjalokwisithutyana esingekho ngaphantsi kweveki.
Isaziso sazo zonke iintlanganiso fanele sibandakanye uluhlu lwemicimbi ekuza kuxoxwa ngayo entlanganisweni.
Ikhoram yokubamba intlanganiso yeBhunga fanele ingabikho ngaphantsi kwamalungu amathandathu eBhunga xa ewonke.
Onke amalungu eSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho anevoti enye.
Izigqibo ekudla ngokuvotelwa zona fanele zithathwe luninzi lwamalungu eBhunga.
Kwisehlo sokulingana kweevoti zayo nayiphi na into, umgcini-sihlalo unevoti ayiphosayo ukwengeza kwivoti ayicingayo.
Ilungu leBhunga linelungelo lokuqesha ummeli ukuba abekho ukwenzela axoxe avote egameni lelungu.
IBhunga lingazinzisa nayiphi na ikomiti ukuncedisana nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yalo ngokwalo Mthetho.
IBhunga lingaqesha naliphi na ilungu leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo nomsebenzi weBhunga njengoko inokucingwa ngokuyimfuneko ukuzuza iinjongo zalo Mthetho.
Ukuba ikomiti ingaba namalungu angaphezulu kwelungu elinye neBhunga lingonyuli umgcini-sihlalo walo komiti, ikomiti kwintlanganiso yayo yokuqala ingonyula umgcini-sihlalo phakathi kwamalungu ayo.
IBhunga nangaliphi na ixesha lingayichitha okanye liphinde liyimise ikomiti.
IBhunga alikhululwanga ekusebenzeni nawo nawuphi na umsebenzi eliwuphathise ngethamba kuyo nayiphi ikomiti yeBhunga ngokweli candela.
Icandelo 26 lisebenza notshintsho oluyimfuneko ngentlonelo yekomiti yeBhunga.
Akukho mntu ofanele amele nakanjani okanye asebenzise ilogo, izihombiso, okanye izixhobo zokwazisa ezisetyenzisiweyo okanye ezizezeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho, ngaphandle okokuba umntu onjalo ugunyazisiwe ngokubhaliweyo siSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho ukuba enze oko.
Umntu makangabangi ngobuxoki ukuba uyasebenza endaweni yeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
Namphi na umntu unetyala lokukhubekisa ukuba egameni okanye ngokunxulumene nayo nayiphi inkonzo enikeziweyo okanye nayo nayiphi na into eyenziweyo okanye enikwa siSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo, izinyobo okanye iinzame zokunyoba, okanye impembelelo ngokonakeleyo okanye iinzame zokuphembelela ngokonakeleyo, naliphi na ilungu lesitafu okanye namphi na umcebisi, umenzeli okanye nawuphi umntu osebenzayo okanye osebenza egameni leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
Namphi na umntu ogwetyelwe ukukhubekisa ngokwalo Mthetho unemfanelo kwisohlwayo okanye entolongweni kangangexesha elingadlulanga kwiminyaka emibini.
b inkqubo yokunyula yamaqabane eSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho, c inkqubo kuyo nayiphi intlanganiso ezinzisiweyo ngokwalo Mthetho, d inkqubo yoqeqesho nezikhalazo yamalungu esitafu seSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho; kwaye e nayo nayiphi na into eyimfuneko enokumiselwa ekwenzeni iziphumo okanye inkxaso yeenjongo zalo Mthetho.
IBhunga lombutho ozithandelayo elaziwa njengeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho sobuNjineli eMzantsi Afrika esibekho ngaphambili komhla wokuqaliswa kwalo Mthetho, esiza kuqhubekeka sibekho nesiza kuba liBhunga leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho sexesha eliphakathi kangangexesha elingadlulanga kwiminyaka emithathu ukusukela kumhla wokuqaliswa kwalo Mthetho.
Bonke abantu abathe kwangoko phambi komhla wokuqaliswa kwalo Mthetho bangamaqabane eSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho sobuNjineli eMzantsi Afrika ekubhekiselelwe kubo kwicandelwana 1 bathatyathwa njengabantu abonyulwe ngokufanelekileyo kwiSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho ngokweli candela.
UmPhathiswa fanele kwintsuku eziyi-30 ngaphambi kokuphelelwa kwexesha leminyaka emithathu ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kwicandelwana 1 acele ukumisa ukulungiselela ukuqeshw kwamalungu eBhunga leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho ngokungqinelana necandelo 204.
Ukutshintshwa kwesitafu okanye abasebenzi ngokwecandelo 12 fanele isiphumo singqinelane nemithetho yabasebenzi kwiRiphabliki.
Umntu otshintshelwe kwiSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho njengoko kucingwa kwicandelwana 1 ushiyeka eyintloko kuzo naziphi na iingcinga, iinkqubo, imimiselo namacala anokusetyenziswa kulo mntu ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi komhla wokutshintshwa kangangokuba bashiyeka benokusetyenziswa.
Nazo naziphi na iinkqubo ezichasene nabantu abanjalo ebezimiswe ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi komhla wotshintsho fanele zigqitywe ibe ngathi loo mntu ubetshintshiwe.
Malunga nenjongo weRhafu yeNgeniso ka-1962 No. 58 ka-1962, akukho lutshintsho lamqeshi omaluthatyathwe njengoluthabathe indawo xa kuqeshwa kwiSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo ngumntu ocingiweyo kwicandelwana 1.
Le ibizwa ngokuba ng ka-2004 weSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho sobuNjineli eMzantsi Afrika noqale ukusebenza ngomhla omiswe nguMongameli ngokuwazisa kwiGazethi.
NgeyeSilimela ngo-1999 uMbutho weNjineli ezingamaGcisa zoMzantsi Afrika zichonge imfuneko yokuzinziswa kweSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho weNjineli ukuphuhlisa ukulunga kanye kubunjineli nokwenza amalungiselelo okucebisa abe lula obunjineli obuxeliweyo kwimicimbi yenkqubo kurhulumente nakuluntu. Kamva iyabonakala ukuba ezi njongo kungangcono ukuba zinokuphunyezwa ngokuzinzisa iqela elizilawulayo ngokugcweleyo. Ngo-1995 iSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho sobuNjineli eMzantsi Afrika (ngoku kwixesha elizayo ngokubhekiselele njengeSAAE) senziwa.
I-SAAE kungoku nje isebenza njengombutho ozithandelayo ngaphantsi komGaqo-siseko wayo owawuvunyiwe wamkelwa ngamalungu ayeyisekile. Amalungu aquka iinjineli ezibalaseleyo zazo zonke iingqeqesho ngaphandle kokukhathalela ulwimi okanye inkcubeko. Iyayivuyela inkxaso yeMibutho namaZiko eeNjineli kodwa ayixhomekekanga kubo. Uluvo lwayo kukumela ibandla ngokubanzi lobunjineli eMzantsi Afrika. Kanti, ubume bowiso-mithetho obusesikweni nokunakanwa korhulumente kunokwenza i-SAAE ibe nako ukusebenza nangakumbi ekuhlaleni nakwamanye amazwe.
Isahluko 2 sizama ukuzinzisa iSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho sobunjineli eMzantsi Afrika (ngoku kwixesha elizayo kubhekiselelwe njengeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo). Ikwanikeza ulwakhiwo, imisebenzi neentlanganiso zeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
Isahluko 3 sinikeza amalungiselo jikelele ngokukhathalela isitafu seSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho, imali zeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho nengxelo yonyaka nophicotho leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho.
Isahluko 4 sizinzisa iBhunga leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho esiza kulawula imicimbi yemihla ngemihla yeSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho. Isahluko sikwanikeza ngokuqeshwa kweGosa eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko.
Isahluko 5 sinikeza ngamalungiselelo jikelele ngokukhathalela ekwalelwa ekusetyenzisweni kwegama leSikolo semfundo ephakamileyo soMthetho. Ikwanamalungiselelo amatyala nezohlwayo.
Okokugqibela, isahluko 6 sijonge ekunikezeni imilinganiselo yotshintsho kwimibutho ezithandelayo ekhoyo eyaziwa ngokuba yiSAAE kwaye ikwalinganisa apho abasebenzi betshintshelwa kwiSikolo semfundo ephakamielyo.
Akukho sibophelelo songezelelweyo. Ixabiso leenkqubo zexeshana eligunyaziswe nguRhulumente elinikwa izimali ezivela kuqingqo-mali lweSebe elizinzisiweyo.
ISebe leNzululwazi nobuChwephetsha kunye nabaCebisi boMthetho bakaRhulumente banembono yokuba loMthetho ungekaPhunyezwa fanele kusetyenzwe ngawo ngokungqinelana nenkqubo ezinzisiweyo licandelo 75 loMgaqo-siseko njengoko ingaphethanga malungiselelo apho inkqubo ichaza ngokuphandle kwicandelo 74 okanye 76 woMgaqo-siseko usebenzayo.
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Icandelo le-18 loMthetho weZikolo zoMzantsi Afrika (ama-84 ka-1996) ufuna okokuba nasiphi na isikolo sivelise umgaqo siseko, kwaye siwufake kwiSebe lezeMfundo. Olu xwebhu lwenkqubo lubalula indlela apho I-SGB ngenkqu iza kuqhuba imicimbi yayo. Umgaqo siseko we-SGB yinkqubo ebalulekileyo njengoko ibonelela igunya elisemthethweni ngokwamkela ezinye iinkqubo.
kunye e nokunika ingxelo kubazali, abafundi, ootitshala kunye nesinye isitafu esikolweni ngemisebenzi yawo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.
Uxwebhu kufuneka mhlawumbi lube ngaphaya kwesiqulatho esincinane ukuba ngaba luza kushwankathela umthetho ophathelelene noko, kwaye nokuba iza kuba yindlela yezikhokhelo zemisebenzi egcweleyo yokwenziwa kwe-SGB.
Sonke isiqulatho kufuneka sibonakalise ixabiso loMgaqo Siseko likaZwelonke kunye nomthetho, ingakumbi I-SASA. Ngoko ke nasiphi na isiqulatho esicalula ngokuphandle- asivumelekanga.
Qiniseka okokuba zonke izigqibo ezithathiweyo ziya shicilelwa kwaye abantu abanoxanduva lwemisebenzi ethile baya xelwa.
Dibana nonobhala ngentlanganiso kunye neeagenda. Kufuneka aqinisekise okokuba zonke iiagenda kunye nemizuzu ziya jikeleza.
Iimfuneko zomsebenzi 1.
Imfuneko zomsebenzi 1.
Imfuneko zomsebenzi 1.
Imisebenzi ephambili 1.
NgokoMthetho weZikolo zoMzantsi Afrika I-(SASA) iSikolo saziswa njengesikolo sikawonke wonke. Oku kuthetha okokuba isikolo "singumntu ngokwasemthethweni" onesikhundla somthetho sokwenza imisebenzi ngokwe-SASA. Lo mthetho ufuna okokuba isikolo sikawonke wonke ngasinye sibe neQela loLawulo lweSikolo (I-SGB) echaza isiseko sentsusa kunye nemithetho isikolo esinokuqhuba ngayo. Olu xwebhu luchaza ukuba I-SGB iza kuqhuba njani.
Olu xwebhu luza kusebenzisa ezi nkcazelo zilandelayo.
Umzali- Nawuphi na umntu omdala onelungelo elisemthethweni kugcino lomfundi.
Umfundi- Nawuphi na umntu obhaliselwe ukuba afumane imfundo esikolweni.
Utitshala- Nawuphi na umntu osebenza esikolweni ngokoMthetho woMsebenzi woTitshala.
Ilungu elonyuliweyo- Nawuphi na umntu owonyulwe ukuba asebenze ngokweenkqubo ezichazwe kolu xwebhu.
Ilungu lequmrhu ngenxa yesikhundla sakhe- Inqununu ekufuneka isebenze kwiqela ngenxa yesikhundla sayo esisemthethweni.
Amalungu elamkelwa njengamalungu- Umntu, ngaphandle kwamalungelo okuvota oyalelwe ukuba asebenze kwiqela elilawulayo lwesikolo ukuze anike iinkonzo ezizodwa.
a. Kumisela inkqubo yokwamkelwa yesikolo.
b. Kumisela inkqubo yolwimi yesikolo.
c. Kumisela inkqubo yokugcinwa ukholo.
d. Kumisela inkqubo yeNdlela yokuziPhatha kwaBafundi.
e. Kumisela utshintsho kwaye iyalele intlawulo zemali yesikolo ehlawulwayo ngabazali kunye nabafundi.
f. Kuzimanya nemibutho engokuzithandela emele amaqela olawulo kwizikolo zikawonkewonke.
a. Kuxhasa imidla engcono yesikolo kwaye lizame ukuqinisekisa inkqubela.
b. Kwamkela umgaqo siseko.
c. Kuvelisa ingxelo yobizo d. Kwamkela indlela yokuziphatha yabafundi.
e. Kuxhasa inqununu, ootitshala kunye nesinye isitafu sesikolo ekwenziweni kwemisebenzi yabo enobuchule.
f. Kumisela amaxesha wosuku lwesikolo luvumelane nazo naziphi na iimeko zengqesho yesitafu enokusetyenziswa.
g. Kulawula kwayeliphathe ipropathi yesikolo, kunye nezakhiwo kunye nemigangatho.
h. Kukhuthaza abazali, abafundi, ootitshala kunye nesinye isitafu ngeenkonzo ezingokuzithandela esikolweni.
k. Vumele ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo, phantsi kwemeko ezinobulungisa zoncedo lwesikolo kwiinkqubo zemfundo ezingaqhutywa sisikolo.
l. Kudibana qho kangengenyanga ezintathu ubuncinane.
m. Kugcina imizuzu yentlanganiso.
o. Kulungisa uqingqo mali lonyaka.
p. Kumisela kwaye ilawule ingxowa yesikolo apho iimali ezifunyenweyo sisikolo kufuneka zihlawulwe.
q. Kunyusa ingeniso kuquka nominikelo esikolweni yemali okanye olunye nje uhlobo.
r. Kuvula kwaye igcine I-akhawunti yasebhankini.
s. Kulungisa ingxelo yezezimali yonyaka.
t. Ngokucelwa liqela elinomdla, lenze iingxelo zezezimali zonyaka zifumaneke ukuze zihlolwe.
u. Ingxelo yonyaka nonyaka kubazali, abafundi, ootitshala kunye nesinye isitafu.
v. Kuhlanganisa iintlanganiso zonyaka nabazali, abafundi kunye nesinye isitafu ngokulandelelana.
Ulonyulo a. Umzali oqeshwe esikolweni akanako ukumela abazali kwiqela elilawulayo.
c. I-SGB yesikolo nje sikawonke wonke enika imfundo kubafundi abaneemfuno ezininzi kufuneka, apho kunako ukwenzeka bafakelele umntu okanye abantu abanobuchule ngokuphathelelene nemfuno zemfundo eyodwa lwabo bafundi.
d. Iqela elilawulayo linokufakelela ilungu okanye amalungu ebandla ukuba alincedise ekwenzeni imisebenzi yalo.
e. Iqela elilawulayo lesikolo sikawonke wonke linokufakelela umnini wepropathi isikolo esihleli kuyo okanye abameli abonyuliweyo babanini bendawo leyo.
f. Amalungu afakelelweyo akanawo amalungelo okuvota kwiqela elilawulayo.
g. Inani lamalungu angabazali kufuneka lidlule ngelungu elinye kwinani eliqukiweyo lamalungu eqela elilawulayo elinamalungelo okuvota.
Ixesha le-ofisi lelungu le-SGB akufuneki ligqithe ixesha leminyaka emithathu.
j. Ixesha le-ofisi lelungu le-SGB elingumfundi akufuneki ligqithe kunyaka omnye k. Ilungu okanye umthwali we-ofisi unokonyulwa kwakhona okanye lifakelelwe njengoko kunokuba njalo emva kokuphela kwexesha lakhe le-ofisi.
Imisebenzi a. Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka lonyule abathwali be-ofisi amabaquke ubuncinane umhlali ngaphambili, umgcini mali kunye nonobhala kumalungu ayo.
b. Ilungu le-SGB elincinane alinako ukuthatha isivumelwano endaweni yesikolo okanye lifunyanwe linemfanelo lobulungu bakhe be-SGB. Akanakuvota kwisigqibo, esibeka phezulu amatyala kubantu besithathu okanye esikolweni.
Ngumzali olilungu we-SGB kuphela, ongasebenzi esikolweni, onokusebenza njengomhlali ngaphambili we-SGB. Umhlali ngaphambili kufuneka achophele iintlanganiso zeQela Elilawulayo, kwaye ngokucebisana nonobhala lenze intlanganiso. Eminye imisebenzi kufuneka liquke.
a. Ukusayinwa kwesiqinisekiso semizuzu yangaphambili.
b. Ukuqinisekisa okokuba ukumila kunye neenkqubo zentlanganiso kulandela ngendlela elungiselelweyo kunye nengaphazanyiswayo.
c. Ukuvunyelwa kwamalungu onke ukuba athathe inxaxheba.
d. Apho kufuneka khona, kubekwe sonke isindululo okanye icebo kwi-SGB lokuvota.
e. Ukulungiselelwa kwentlanganiso elandelayo.
Umhlali ngaphambili Olisekela uya kusekela uMhlali ngaphambili kwimeko zokungabikho, kwaye enze yonke imisebenzi efanelekileyo.
Imisebenzi kaNobhala a. Ukugcina unxibelelwano olusondeleleneyo noMhlali ngaphambili.
b. Apho kufuneka khona abhale ngembalelwano.
c. Ahlanganise intlanganiso ngokucebisana nomhlali ngaphambili.
d. Athathe imizuzu, kwaye eqinisekisa ugcino olukhuselekileyo lwamaxwebhu asemthethweni. Imizuzu iya kushicilela inani labakhoyo, isimo senkcazelo kunye nezigqibo ezithathiweyo.
e. Ukunika ulwazi kunye noncedo kuwo onke amalungu, njengoko kufunekayo.
Imisebenzi yoMgcini mali a. Umgcini mali ekugqibeleni unoxanduva lwazo zonke iinkqubo kunye netnengiselwano ephathelelene nengeniso yesikolo, inkcitho kunye nezinto umntu anazo ezinokuthengiselwa ukuhlawulwa kwamatyalaakhe.
b. Kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, uMgcini mali ngentsebenziswano nenqununu kunye negosa lezezimali bobabini, kufuneka alungiselele kwaye avelise kwi-SGB, uqingqo mali oluyiliweyo lonyaka ozayo, ukuqinisekiswa luninzi lwabazali kwiNtlanganiso Jikelele yoNyaka.
c. Inkxaso kunye noncedo oluqhubekayo kwiGosa lezeZimali.
d. Ukuphicotha ingeniso kunye nenkcitho yenyanga.
e. Ukubamba uxanduva lwentlawulo ye-akhawunti yeSikolo.
f. Ukuqinisekisa ulungiselelo kunye noveliso lwengxelo yezeZimali zenyanga.
g. Ukudibana, ngentsebenziswano neGosa lezeZimali namagqwetha eSikolo.
h. Ukukhokhela uveliso loqingqo mali oluzayo oluyiliweyo kunye nemali.
I-SGB iya konyula ngokubhala phantsi iGosa lezeZimali ukuba lijonge ulawulo lwemihla ngemihla lwemali.
a. Misela iikomiti kubandakanywa nekomiti yesebe lombuso elilawulayo.
b. Konyula abantu abangengomalungu weqela kwezo komiti ngemigaqo yobuchule, kodwa ilungu le-SGB kufuneka lichophele ikomiti nganye.
Iintlanganiso a. Intlanganiso ye-SGB iya kuqhutywa ubuncinane kanye maxa wonke kwixesha elimisiweyo.
b. Iintlanganiso ezahlukahlukeneyo ze-SGB ziya kubanjwa ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka kunye namaqela ngamanye alandelayo wabo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo: abafundi, abazali, ootitshala kunye nesinye isitafu.
d. Isaziso siya kunikwa ngale ndlela ilandelayo e.
g. Oku kulandelayo kuya kwenza ikoram.
h. Ukuba intlanganiso irhoxisiwe kangangentsuku ezintlanu ubuncinane, nokuba bangaphi abaphumeleleyo ngomhla omtsha, baya kuthathwa njengokuba bayikoram.
k. Abantu baya kuvota kuphela ngelungelo lokumela ukuba ivoti yenziwe ngokubhalwe phantsi.
l. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ngaba iivoti ziyalingana?
Umhlali ngaphambili kufuneka abize Intlanganiso Jikelele yabo bonke abazali ngonyaka omnye ubuncinane. Abazali kufuneka banikwe isaziso iintsuku ezingama-30 ubuncinane ngentlanganiso.
a. Ukuthatha isigqibo sisininzi sabazali abakhoyo kwintlanganiso yokokuba ingxowa yesikolo mayirhunywe.
b. Umgcini mali uya kulungisa kwaye avelise uqingqo mali yonyaka ngamnye. Uqingqo mali kufuneka luthelekelele ingeniso kunye nenkcitho yonyaka.
c. Umgcini mali uya kuvelisa kwintlanganiso, iingxelo zezezimali ezivavanyiweyo zesikolo malunga nonyaka ongaphambili.
d. Ilungu ngalinye lekomiti liya kuvelisa ingxelo kwimicimbi jikelele yesikolo.
c. Singawabuyisela ngobani endaweni yawo amalungu abeke phantsi intambo okanye agxothiweyo?
Uhlaziyo kuMgaqo Siseko a.
Ukufundwa kwengxelo: Xa iqela elilawulayo lingasebenzi kakuhle.
Nali ibali lesikolo esaqala iqela elilawulayo kudala. Yayingumbono omtsha kwaye kwakungekho mntu wayeqinisekile kakhulu ukuba ngaba liza kusebenza njani na. Isitafu esininzi sathi ekuqaleni siva ngathi isikolo sinikezelwe kubazali abazi okuncinane kakhulu ngemfundo, kwaye nakubafundi abaza kufuna umsebenzi wasekhaya ombalwa, nekota ezimfutshane kunye nexesha lezemidlalo kunye nelokuphumla!
Amanye amalungu weqela elilawulayo elonyulwe ngokutsha akhumbula okokuba aziva engafanelekanga kwaye engazithembanga izithuba zawo. Abanye ababegcwele yinzondelelo kunye nemibono baziva bengamkelekanga, ngokungathi basisoyikiso kwimeko yelo xesha.
Iqela elilawulayo labamba intlanganiso enye kwikota yokuqala. Into yokuqala kwiagenga yayiyingxelo emfutshane yenqununu. Isivakalisi sokuqala sachaphazela okokuba kubonakala kukho inkxaso embalwa kwimisebenzi yezemidlalo esikolweni. Amalungu esitafu eqela elilawulayo athatha imidlalo yeathiletiki emva kwemini ngolwesibini, athi abafundi babevakala benenzondelelo ekuqaleni kwekota, kodwa abazange baphumelele ukuza kwiseshini zokuziqhelisa. Elinye lamalungu abafundi lakhalazela okokuba amalungu esitafu esiphetheyo kwezemidlalo asifanelekanga ukuba silungiselele abadlali kwaye asiwuniki umdlalo inqanaba eliphambili. Emva kwemizuzu embalwa yengoxo (Lalisele libethile icala emva kwentsimbi yeshumi ebusuku), ibhodi yagqiba kwelokuba njengokuba imidlalo yayisenza uluvo olubi, kwaye njengokuba isikolo sasingafane siphumelele nawuphi na umdlalo, inkqubo yemidlalo mayiyekwe.
Oku kwaxelwa esikolweni ngokusemthethweni emva kweveki ezimbini, kodwa ngelo xesha ulwazi lwalusele luvakele ngamarhe. Emva kokuxelwa koko, inqununu yoyikiswa linani lesitafu elalikhathazekile, abazali kunye nabafundi abeza kwiofisi yakhe bekhubekile kukurhoxiswa kwenkqubo yezemidlalo. Inkoliso yabafundi yavuma okokuba yayinqaphazeka ukuza, kodwa babesonwaba xa bethe beza emva kwemini. Babeyicaphukela into yokuba imidlalo yayithathwa njengenkcitha xesha kuba isikolo sasingafumani mvuzo. Abazali kuquka nabo babebonisa inkxaso encinane kumaxesha adlulileyo babexhalabele okokuba abantwana babo abazukuba namsebenzi wangaphandle, kwaye baya kuba ngabinanto yokwenza xa kuphuma isikolo de kufike ixesha lokulandwa ngabazali emva kokuba bevela emsebenzini. Isitafu sasiziva sikhathazekile kukuba iinzame zaso ezidlulileyo zazingaxatyiswanga ngabafundi, inqununu okanye iqela elilawulayo. Onke amacandelo esikolo ayenza yacaca kwinqununu into yokuba baziva bengakhange balunywe indlebe.
Inqununu yacela okokuba iQela Elilawulayo lidibane nobunkokheli babafundi, abazali kunye nesitafu ngokupheleleyo. Kuzo zonke ezi ntlanganiso zintathu, iqela elilawulayo lacacisa kwasekuqaleni okokuba inkqubo yenziwe yaba nesiphene kwaye babeqala ekuqaleni kwakhona. Izindululo ezitsha zabekwa ngaphambili, kwaze kwenziwa inkqubo encinane neyomeleleyo yezemidlalo. Abanye abazali bancedisa ngokuba ngabaqeqeshi bezemidlalo. Isitafu senza amalungiselelo wokokuba izifundo ezongezelelweyo kunye nokuphuma kungaphazamisani nemidlalo. Abafundi bathembisa ukuza yonke imihla.
Iqela Elilawulayo labona okokuba umba wanda ngokungaphaya kwekqubo yezemidlalo. Ngokwesiseko ingxaki yayikukungabikho konxibelelwano.
Onke amacandelo esikolo afuna ukubandakanywa kwizigqibo. Kuqala sifuna imvumelwano yokuba isikolo sijonge ukuphumeza ntoni na kubantwana bethu: Iinjongo kunye nemithetho yentlalo yabantu abathile yesikolo. Emva koko sifuna iinkqubo ezicacileyo ukuze wonke ubani aziqonde ukuba bangaziphumeza njani ezo njongo. Okwesithathu, abalawuli besikolo kufuneka baqinisekise okokuba iinkqubo iza kusebenza xa imiliselwa.
Qiniseka ukuba zonke izigqibo ezithathwayo ziya shicilelwa kwaye abantu abanoxanduva lwemisebenzi ethile baya xelwa.
Lawula intlanganiso. Qiniseka okokuba wonke ubani unikwa ithuba lokuviwa.
Qinisekisa okokuba ingxelo zezeZimali zonyaka ziya fakwa unyaka nonyaka.
Imfuneko zomsebenzi 1.
Imisebenzi ephambili 1.
Umhlali ngaphambili kufuneka alandele iagenda ngocoselelo. Unobhala kufuneka abhale phantsi imizuzu ngendlela yeentloko zeagenda. Imizuzu iya kushicilela ingxoxo, izigqibo kunye nabantu abanoxanduva. Umhlali ngaphambili kunye nonobhala maxa wonke baya kusebenzisana ukuqinisekisa okokuba intlanganiso iqhubeka kakuhle.
Ushicilelo lwamagama apheleleyo abo bebekhona kwintlanganiso.
Uluhlu lwabo bathumele izingxengxezo zokungakwazi ukuphumelela.
Abo bangathumelanga zingxengxezo akufuneki babandakanywe.
Wonke ubani kufuneka avume okokuba imizuzu yentlanganiso yokugqubela ichanekile. Umhlali ngaphambili kufuneka asayine imizuzu. Ukuba kukho okushicilelwe ngendlela engafanelekanga, utshintsho kufuneka lwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba umhlali ngaphambili ayisayine imizuzu.
Imisebenzi kunye nezigqibo ezenziwe kwintlanganiso yokugqibela kufuneka ilandelelwe kunye nayiphi na inkqubela okanye iingxaki exeliweyo.
Uluhlu lwemiba eza kuxoxwa kule ntlanganiso.
Naziphi na izihloko okanye izaziso abantu abanqwernela ukuzifaka. Uvavanyo lwentlanganiso ngamanye amaxesha lwenziwa ekugqibeleni.
Amalungu entlanganiso ayagqiba ngosuku olufanelekileyo, umhla, ixesha kunye nendawo yhentlanganiso elandelayo. Olu lwazi lubekwa kwimizuzu ukwazisa abo bebengaphumelelanga kwintlanganiso.
Ukwamkelwa 2. Abakhoyo 3. Izingxengxezo 4.
Imiba evelayo Eza kusetyenziswe 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.
Ingxelo yenqununu 7.1 - Ingqesho 7.2 - Imfundo ephakamileyo 7.3 - Inkqubela esikolweni 7.4Ukuphunyezwa kwesitafu kunye nabantwana 7.5 Imiba engxamisekileyo Eza kusetyenziswa 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.
Ingxelo yekomiti ngezezimali (Jonga amaxwebhu enyanga nenyanga anamathiselweyo) 9. Umba 1 10. Umba 2 11.
imbalelwano 13. Jikelele 14.
Uliqela le-SGB elitsha kwaye uqala intlanganiso okokuqala. Akukho mntu owaziyo ukuba kungaqalwa ngaphi. Intlanganiso ayihambeli ndawo kwaye emva koko umntu othile wacebisa okokubai-SGB iqale kumba "wengxoxo yangaphambili". Iqela lilahlekile kakhulu, njengoko omnye wemiba ufuna okokuba inkqubo kumaxesha esikoloiya kuthi itshintshwe kwaye akukho namnye oya kuthi avunyelwe ukuba ahambe kumasango esikolo ngexesha lekhefu. Inqunun yazisa ikomiti entsha ukuba oku kwakuvunyiwe yi-SGB yangaphambili kwaye kufuna imvume yale ikhoyo khona ukuze iphunyezwe ngokukhawulezileyo kakhulu.
Ikomiti entsha zange izive izithemba ngokupheleleyo ukuba ingacela umngeni ngayo nayiphi na into yaza yavuma ukuba ihambe ngalo ndlela inqununu iyitshoyo. Kusasa ootitshala kunye nabanye abafundi babesilwa. Ootitshala zange bavume ukwenza umsebenzi wangekhefu kwaye abanye baphuma ngaphandle kwamasango ngexesha lekhefu. Abafundi batsiba iingcingo kwaye abanye benza isikroba elucingweni ukuze baphumele ngaphandle. Inqununu ayinalulawulo kulo mba. Yabiza I-SGB ukuba incede.
Yonke imbalelwano ethunyelwa kwi-SGB okanye uMhlali ngaphambili we-SGB kufuneka ivulwe kwintlanganiso yeQela Elilawulayo leSikolo ngaphandle kokuba inophawu lokuba ingxamisekile.
Ukuba ngaba ingxamisekile, inqununu kufuneka izame ukuthumela ileta lumhlali ngaphambili (Ngomntwana woMhlali ngaphambili ukuba kuya funeka). Umhlali ngaphambili unokuyivula aze abe nento ayenzayo kwisiqulathiso. Ileta kufuneka naxa kunjalo ixelwe kwintlanganiso elandelayo.
Iileta kufuneka zifakwe isitampu sesikolo kwaye nomhla efunyenwe ngayo ileta kufuneka ufakwe isitampu okanye ubhalwe phezulu kwiphepha lokuqala.
Yonke imbalelwano ebhalwe phantsi kufuneka iphendulwe ngokubhala phantsi kwaye ikopi yempendulo kufuneka inamathiselwe kwileta yentsusa.
Iileta kufuneka zibhalwe ngokungathathi icala nangendlela ephucukileyo, lushicilelo olusesikweni ngoko ke indlela esesikweni kufuneka isetyenziswe.
Ukuba ngaba ileta ithunyelwa kwisebe, okanye ifom iya gcwaliswa ngokwesicelo sesebe ushicilelo lwegama, umhla kunye nentsayino gama yomntu owenza uhambiso lweleta okanye ifom kwisebe kufuneka lugcinwe.
Ukuba ngaba ileta yesikhalazo ifunyenwe ngaphandle kokubandakanywa kwegama lombhali kufuneka iqwalaselwe kwaye igcinwe kodwa ingaphendulwa.
Intombi yam uPopi akakhange akwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wasekhaya ityeli lesithathu kule veki kuba akanayo incwadi yezuNzululwazi ngokuLawula ubutyebi beLizwe kunye neyoCwangciso mali. Umntwana wam ulindeleke ukuba abolekisane nabanye kwaye oko akwenzeki rhoqo. Kukho abanye abantwana ekufuneke abolekisane nabo ngencwadi. Abahlali kufutshane omnye nomnye. Ngaphandle koko umntwana wam kufuneka ahambe izitalato ezithathu ukuya kumntwana okufutshane onencwadi. Akukhuselekanga ukuba ahambe yedwa. Usoloko exhalabile kwaye engonwabanga. Ndiqinisekile bonke abantwana baziva benjalo eklasini yakhe. Mnumzana Jones, utitshala uthi abantwana bacelas uxolo. Nceda yenza into ngokungapheleli kwencwadi zokufunda esikolweni.
Isikolo kufuneka senze isicelo kwiSithili ngobuncinci bexesha lokufundisa ngexesha lentsuku ezisixhenxe zovavanyo lwesikolo ngoJuni.
Isikolo sinegumbi ekugqibeleni kwesakhiwo ngasemabaleni okudlala elingasetyenziswa ngendlela. Ligcwele yifenitshala eyaphukileyo kunye neencwadi ezindala. Sinokuyicoca le ndlu ze sivule ivenkilana. Abazali abahlala kufutshane bayanwena ukuvula ivenkilana esikolweni ngexesha lekhefu ukuze bafumane umvuzo. Sinokuthethathethana ngengqesho ye-R300.00 ngenyanga kunye ne-25% ulwabelwano kwinzuzo yenyanga. Bobabini u-Coca Cola kunye noSimba bavumile okokubabasinike intelekelelo elungileyo ngempahla zabo. Ngokwe-avareji, ukuba ngaba abafundi bethu abangama-50% (oko kukuthi abafundi abangama-300) baxhasa ivenkilana kangange-R5,00 usuku singenza inzuzo emalunga nama-R5600 ngenyanga, kwintengiso kuphela. Ndinethemba lokuba sinokwenza imali.
Ndijonge ukuva kuni.
Umthetho weZikolo zoMzantsi afrika ka-1984 unyanzela iQela Elilawulayo lesikolo sikawonke wonke ukuba samkele Umgaqo wokuZiphatha waBafundi. Olu xwebhu lujolise ekumiseleni imeko yobume bendawo eqeqeshekileyo kunye nenenjongo ukunceda ngemfundo kunye nokufunda okunempumelelo ezikolweni. Le nkqubo kufuneka ixhase amalungelo wabo bonke abantu njengoko ifakiwe kuMthetho Oyilwayo waMalungelo kuMgaqoSiseko we-SA.
a. Bonke abafundi kunye nabalingane kufuneka babe nelungelo elifanelekileyo kwinkqubo ekhoyo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni izigqibo kwimiba echaphazela isikolo. Abafundi baza kuba nelungelo kwiinkqubo ezivunyiweyo ezilandelayo kwiqela elilawulayo kunye nommeli webhunga lomfundi ekucaciseni kunye nasekusombululeni izikhalazo eziphathelelene nesikolo.
b. Akukho mntu onokucalulwa ngokungenabulungisa kumfundi omakafumane impatho elinganayo, ukhuseleko kunye nenzuzo phambi komthetho.
c. Intlonipho yesidima somntu ongumfundi kufuneka sigcinwe kwaye oku kuquka ukholo, isiko kunye nezinye izigwebo.
d. Bonke abafundi banelungelo kubomi obubobabo kwaye abanakuba nepropathi ethinjiweyo ngaphandle kwesikrokro esifanelekileyo e Ingqeqesho kufuneka isekelwe kwisidima kunye nentlonipho. Akukho mfundi uyakwehliswa isidima okanye aphathwe ngendlela engenabuntu.
g. Abafundi abanakho ukuvalelwa kugcino bebodwa okanye uvalelo ngaphandle kwetyala.
h. Abafundi banelungelo lokuvakalisa izimvo zabo ngokukhululekileyo. Kodwa ke, ukungafuni ukuphathwa kunye nezithuko aziyo nxalenye yelungelo lokuvakalisa izimvo ngokukhululekileyo. Le nkululeko nayo inomda ukuze ingaquki ukugxojwagxojwa kwamalungelo abanye okanye ukuduba-duba isikolo.
Abafundi banelungelo kwimeko ecocekileyo, ekhuselekileyo, ekhululekileyo ekuhlutshweni, kunye nenempilo kukho amanzi acocekileyo, elungele ukufunda kunye nokufundiswa.
j. Abafundi banelungelo lokulindela ukuba abafundisi-ntsapho bagcine imigangatho ephezulu yemikhwa esesikweni yobizo.
k. Ilungelo lemfundo liquka ilungelo lokungenelela zonke amagumbi okufunda kuzo zonke izifundo ezivunyiweyo, ukwaziswa rhoqo ngenkqubela yesikolo, ukusebenzisa lonke uncedo lwezinto zesikolo kwaye izakhono zabo ziphuhliswe.
l. Umfundi okhulelweyo akunakuvinjwa ithuba lokufikelela esikolweni. Angadluliselwa kwisikolo seSibhedele zamantombazana akhulelweyo.
m. Okuxaxisiweyo/imithetho yentlalo yesikolo iyakukhuthazwa ngeNdlela wokuZiphatha.
a. Abafundi kufuneka bazinikele ekwenzeni wonke umsebenzi abawunikiweyo kumagumbi okufundela okanye ekhaya, kwaye bazame ukuphathiselela kumsebenzi othe wabaphosa ngenxa yokungabikho. Ukuphazanyiswa komsebenzi akwamkelekanga. Bonke abafundi banoxanduva likufunda nokuphuhlisa izakhono zabo.
b. Bonke abafundi banoxanduva lokukhathalela izinto zesikolo kwaye nawuphina umfundi othi ngenjongo asebenzise ngokungekuko, aphule okanye onakalise inkangeleko yezinto zesikolo uyakwenza ukuba umzali/lowo unoxanduva lwakhe ukuba ahlawule ukulungisa oko.
c. Bonke abafundi banoxanduva lokuya esikolweni rhoqo. Ukuba umfundi uthe akabinako ukuya esikolweni ngosuku oluthile umzali/lowo unoxanduva lwakhe kufuneka azise kwaye d. anike izizathu.
d. Ibhunga labaMeli labaFundi lakuthi limele imidla yabafundi, kwaye likhuthaze ukuziphatha okukuko phakathi kwabafundi. Kodwa ke, abanakho ukohlwaya abanye.
e. Oluxanduva lulandelayo lwabafundi aluthandabuzeki kuMbono noBizo lwesikolo.
Uxanduva lwabazali ngokunxulumene nendlela yokuziphatha a.
Baxhase isikolo kwaye bafune ukuba abafundi bathobele imithetho nemimiselo yesikolo kwaye bamkele uxanduva lokungaziphathi kakuhle kwabo.
Bathabathe inxaxheba kwimfundo yabantwana kwaye baqiniseke ukugqitywa komsebenzi wesikolo.
b. Abazali kufuneka bahambele iintlanganiso zabo ezikhwetywe liQela eliLawulayo.
c. Abazali bangathabatha amanyathelo asemthethweni ajolise kuye nawuphina umntu ophazamisana namalungelo abafundi.
Ukusebenza kweMithetho yeSikolo a. Umfundisi-Ntsapho uyakuba namalungelo alinganayo nawabazali okohlwaya kunye nokulawula umfundi kuwo nawuphina umsebenzi wesikolo.
b. Abafundi bakuthabatha inxaxheba ekubhalweni nasekuhlaziyweni kwemithetho yesikolo ngale ndlela ilandelayo.
Umongo weNdlela yokuziPhatha uyakupapashwa ngokuthe gabalala kwintlalo yesikolo.
c. Ukungawazi umthetho akuyikuba lisebe elamkelekileyo lokuzikhusela d. Inkqubo yokohlwaya iyakuba yekhawulezileyo, eyanelisayo, enobulungisa, elungisayo kunye nefundisayo, Le iyakuba yelungisayo okanye isetyenziselwe ukunika isohlwayo kumaphuli mthetho ukuze athwale ubuhlungu beziphumo zezenzo zakhe ukuze kugcinakale ucwangco kwisikolo.
a. Abazali kufuneka babandakanyeke ekulungisweni kwesimo somfundi.
b. Ukohlwaywa kwabafundi abunakunikezelwa kogxa babo abangabafundi.
c. Wonke umfundisi-ntsapho unoxanduva lokugcina ingqeqesho esikolweni okanye nakuwuphina umsebenzi wesikolo kwaye angalungisa ukuziphatha komfundi apho kuyimfuneko.
d. Ukungaziphathi kakuhle okudliliseleyo kufuneka kudluliselwe kwiNqununu.
e. Amanyathelo okulungisa kufuneka alingane nokona kwaye abe nobuzaza ngokuphinda-phindeka kokukuziphatha.
f. Ukuba umfundi akakulungelanga ukumelana nesikolo angadluliselwa kwinqununu, engathi izise inkonzo zenkxaso zezikolo kwaye ukuba oku akuncedi kule meko kungadluliselwa kwiQela eliLawulayo (SGB) emalithathe isigqibo esiluncedo kumntwana kunye nabanye abafundi.
g. Abafundi bakube becacisile ukuba kutheni lento impatho yabo ikhangelwa njengokuziphatha kakubi kwaye nemfuneko yokohlwaya.
Inqununu/ ititshala angathi apho kukho isikrokro esinesihlahla akhangele izxhobo, imipu, izinto ezibiweyo, iziyobisi okanye uluncwadi olunoburheletya kumfundi. Oku kodwa ke kwakwenziwa ngendlela eyakuthi igcine isidima somfundi. Ukuba oku kukhangela kwenziwa kumzimba womfundi, ilingu leqela labasebenzi eli sini sinye nomfundi okhangelwayo kufanele ibelilo elenza oku xa kunokwenzeka. Uxwebhu lweziphumo kufanelwe ukuba lugcinwe.
Ulwaphulo mthetho oluqhelekileyo.
a. Oku kulandelayo kuthatyathwa njengo lwaphulo mthetho oluqhelekileyo b.
Ukwenza imisebenzi eyakuncedisa lomntu woniweyo okanye ukulungisa umonakalo wesenzo eso.
iv. Ukuvuma imbuyekezo efikelelekayo v. Ukubuyisela okanye ukulungisa izinto ezenzakeleyo vi. Ukunqunyanyiswa kweminye imisebenzi yesikolo umzekelo Utyelelo, Imidlalo njalo njalo vii. Ukunqunyanyiswa esikolweni kwakuba lilinge lokugqibela xa kukho ukuphinda phinda kolwaphulo mthetho.
a. Ukudlwengula b. Ukuhlasela ngokungcolileyo c. Ukuhlupha ngokwesini apho kukho kwimeko zokwandisa okubi d. Ukuhlasela ngenjongo yokwenzakalisa umzimba e. Ukuhlasela umfundisi-ntsapho f. Ukoyikisa okuyingizi kwabasebenzi, abafundisayo kunye nabo bangafundisiyo.
j. Ukuba nezixhobo ezinobungozi kumasango esikolo, isixhobo esinobungozi sichazwa njenge sixhobo esinako ukwenzakalisa kabuhlungu.
k. Ukuba nezinto ezingekho mthethweni, ukuzithengisa okanye ukuzisebenzisa ngokudluleleyo.
l. Ukuba nezinto zamanyala kuquka izinto ezibonakalisa ukulalana ngeendlela zonke.
m. Ukunxila okanye ukudla izinto ezingekho mthethweni kumasango esikolo okanye kumcimbi wesikolo obanjelwe ngaphandle kwamasango esikolo.
n. Ukuba notywala okanye ukuthengisa okanye ukusela utywala kumasango esikolo.
p. Ukuphinda phinda kolwaphulo mthetho oluqhelekileyo.
Umfundi akanakunqunyanyiswa okanye agxothwe kuba umzali akanako ukuhlawula imali yomdliwo okanye imali yesikolo.
Ukunikwa ithuba lokuziphendulela kwimeko yokuziphatha kakubi okunengozi.
a. Ngokuhambiselana neGazethi kaRhulumente yama 18900 ka 1998 kunye neGazethi yePhondo yama 236, kwakuhanjwa ngalo mgaqo ulandelayo xa kuthe kwenzeka ukuziphatha kakubi okunengozi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchotshelwa kwetyala ngobulungisa. Ukohlwaywa ngokunqunyanyiswa okanye ukugxothwa kungenziwa kuphela emva kokuba kulandelwe indlela yokunikwa ithuba lokuziphendulela ecaciswe ngezantsi apha.
b. Nawuphina umfundi otyholwa ngokwaphula nawuphina umthetho ongafuna ukunqunyanyiswa okanye ukugxothwa, kufuneka aziswe ngaphambili kwinqununu. Inqununu iyakuthi ive ubungqina ukuze emva koko ithathe isigqibo ngamanyathelo azakuthatyathwa.
c. Apho umfundi abekwa izityholo zokuziphatha kakubi okunengozi, inqununu kufuneka yazise abazali bomfundi ngamanyathelo aphakanyiswayo ngokubhaliweyo kwaye ilungiselele ukuchotshelwa kwetyala okunobulungisa yikomiti encinane yoluleko eyenziwa ngamalungu atyunjwe liqela elilawulayo. Le nkundla kufuneka ingoyikisi kumfundi. Kwimeko yomfundi omncinane kakhulu amalungiselelo akhethekileyo kufuneka enziwe ukuchophela ityala kwaye abazali okanye aba bathatha uxanduva lomfundi bangammela umfundi.
d. Inqununu kufuneka yenze ingxelo ebhaliweyo eya KuMlawuli weNgingqi icacisa isigqibo sokuthwesa ityala kumfundi.
e. Ikopi ebhaliweyo yamabakala esimangalo iyakunikezelwa kumfundi lowo kunye nabazali okanye abo bathwale uxanduva lomfundi - ngokuthi inikwe yena siqu kwaye ithunyelwe ngeposi ehlawulelweyo nebhalisiweyo kwidilesi yokugqibela eyaziwayo yabazali okanye abo bathatha uxanduva lomfundi.
f. Isimangalo sakuthi siquke isikhokhelo esikhweba umfundi ukuba athumele okanye azise incwadi evuma okanye ephika ityala kwintsuku zomsebenzi ezisixhenxe ukusukela lo mhla kwaye ukuba unomnqweno ingcaciso ebhaliweyo ngokunxulumene nokuziphatha kakubi okunengozi atyholwa ngako.
g. Ukuba umfundi uyalivuma ityala, ngokubhaliweyo okanye ngentetho ubuqu bakhe phambi kwenqununu uyakuthi athathwe ngokuba unetyala lokuziphatha kakubi okunengozi njengoko etyholwa. Kodwa ke, ukuba inqununu inoluvo lokuba ukuziphatha kakubi kungafuna ukuba agxothwe esikolweni yiNtloko yeSebe, ukuchotshelwa kwetyala okunobulungisa kuyakuqhutywa nangona elivuma ityala umfundi.
Kwimeko apho umfundi aphikayo ukuba unetyala lokuziphatha kakubi okunengozi aphulaphule ityala ngalendlela ityananaziswe ngezantsi apha, kwaye apho kufunyaniswa ityala, enze icebiso ngenyathelo lokulungisa isimo emalithatyathwe.
Igosa elichophele ityala lakuthi lichonge ngokubhaliweyo umfundisi-ntsapho oyakuba ligosa lotshutshiso kuchophelo lwetyala.
j. Ukuchotshelwa kwetyala phambi kweGosa elichophele ityala lakuqhutywa ngendlela ekhawulezileyo kwaye engenako okusesikweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kodwa kunikezelwe ingqalelo kwizikhokhelo zobulungisa, ukufaneleka kunye nokunikwa ithuba lokuziphendulela okukhusela imidla yomfundi kunye nelinye icala elichaphazelekayo kuchotshelo lwetyala.
k. Kuchotshelo lwetyala abafundi kufuneka baziswe kwaye baqonde isityholo, ngesaziso sentsuku ezintlanu, kwaziswe ixesha, indawo kunye nomhla.
Anike ingxoxo exhasa isityholo m.
n. Nangaliphi na ixesha umfundi xa kuchotshelwe ityala angavuma okanye aphike ityala, apho ayakuthathwa ngokuba unetyala lokuziphatha kakubi okunengozi njengoko etyholwa.
o. Emva koku ququnjelwa kwetyala igosa elichophele ityala lakwenza isaziso soko likufumeneyo ngokwesityholo apho kuthe kwafumaneka umfundi enetyala libhekiselele kukwandisa ububi kunye nemeko ezithomalalisayo elinokuzifumana kwaye linike icebiso ngokwendlela yokulungisa engamiliselwa.
p. Iqela elilawulayo linyanzelekile ukuba ligcine amaxwebhu apheleleyo okuqhubeleka kwetyala.
q. Kwimeko apho isigqibo ekufikelelwa kuso sicebisa ukugxothwa, iqela elilawulayo kufuneka lazise iNtloko yeSebe kwiyure ezingama-24. YiNtloko yeSebe kuphela engagunyazisa ukugxothwa. Abazali bomfundi ogxothiweyo bangasibhenela isigqibo seNtloko yeSebe kwi-MEC kwintsuku ezisixhenxe ukusuka kumhla wokuwiswa kwesigwebo.
s. Umfundi okanye umzali okanye lowo uthatha uxanduva lomfundi angafaka isibheno koko kufunyaniswe ligosa kunye/okanye inyathelo lokulungisa eliwisiweyi kwiNtloko yeSebe t. Inkqubo yokohlwaya ecatyangwa apha iyakuqhutywa ngendlela enobulungisa, enokulingana, evulelakileyo, eselubala, ngaphandle kokuba ityala lona lakuvaleleka kubo bonke abantu ngaphandle kwabo bachaphazelekayo okanye amagosa athatha inxaxheba.
u. Kwimeko yesohlwayo sokudliliselwa iNtloko yeSebe kufuneka ifumanele indawo umfundi de iminyaka yokuya esikolweni ifike.
Ukukhuthazwa kweNdlela yokuziPhatha a. Lomgaqo nkqubo kufuneka uxhonye ngokuvulelekileyo esikolweni ngalendlela b. Lomgaqo nkqubo uyakwenziwa ukuba ufumaneke kuye ngamnye umfundi ngolwimi lokufundisa xa kubhaliswa.
c. Lomgaqo nkqubo uyakucacisa ngendlela ngamagama aqinisekileyo okulindelwe sisikolo. La manyathelo alandelayo akuthathwa ekuqaleni konyaka ukucacisa okulindelwe sisikolo kubafundi d. Umfundi ngamnye uyakunikwa ikopi ekuqaleni konyaka, Abafundi abancinane abakumana aphantsi kufuneka baziswengomlomo e. Imithetho yamagumbi okufundela kufuneka inanyathiselwe kwigumbi lokufundela, iziphumo zokwaphula umthetho ngamnye zityananaziswe.
Umthetho weSikolo woMzantsi Afrika indlela yamaxesha angoku ukulawula izikolo. Unenjongo yokutsintsha indlela izkolo eziqhutywa ngayo kwaye ukhuthaza izikolo ukuba zithathe uxanduva lemiba yazo. Sifuna indlela yemfundo esekwe kwimigaqo kunye nexabiso loMgaqo Siseko omtsha. Indlela enye yokwenza le nto kukucela izikolo ukuba zikhulise "imigaqo yokuziphatha". Ngokwenza oko, izikolo ziya khuthazwa okokuba zicebisane nabo bonke banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo esikolweni, baze emva koko baxoxe ngemigaqo emibini ubuncinane.
Imigaqo ithatha indawo yeqela "lemithetho" emidala.
Imithetho yayinyakathiswa, oko kukuthi yayi nyanzelwa kwabo baphethweyo (abasebenzi okanye abafundi).
Imithetho ibi chasa oko kwenzekayo kwaye ijoliswe ekohlwayeni.
Imithetho yayilandula ngokuqhelekileyo (" Sukwenza oku Sukwenza okuya...").
Imithetho ibidla ngokungathotyelwa.
Imigaqo yenza imigangatho yokuziphatha. Iqulethe indlela yamaxabiso alungileyo, izithethe kunye nemigaqo ethi ixhaswe libandla lesikolo.
Imigaqo ziziphumo zengcebiswano kunye nothethathethwano kunye namaqela wabo nanomdla kwinto eqhubekayo kwibandla lesikolo.
Imigaqo iyakhulisa kwaye ijolise ekunyuseni izinga lempatho elungileyo.
Imigaqo ijolise ekunyuseni izinga loluleko olwakhekileyo kunye nokuziqeqesha.
Imigaqo ngoko ke kunokuba lula ukuyilandela.
Umthetho weZikolo zoMzantsi Afrika kunye neZaziso ezilandelayo kwiGazethi kaRhulumente unika iimeko ezibanzi kuyo yonke Imigaqo yokuZiphatha yeZikolo zabafundi. Ukuyibneka ngokulula, iCandelo 1.
Umgaqo wokuZiphatha kufuneka wazise abafundi ngendlela amabaziphathe ngayo esikolweni ukulungiselela ukuzuphatha kwabo kunye nokhuseleko lwabo kwibandla lasekuhlaleni.
Kufuneka ubeke imigangatho yempatho elungileyo yabafundi kwaye ubalungiselele ngendlela yobuchule, ulwazi kunye nobuchule ekulindeleke ukuba babubonise njengabemi abafanelekileyo kunye nabanoxanduva. Kufuneka uxhase uxanduva lwemfundo yolawulo lwesikolo namalungelo neemfanelo zabemi baso kwaye kufuneka ukhulise ubunkokheli.
Injongo enkulu yoMgaqo wokuZiphatha kufuneka ibe lululeko olwakhekileyo; Akufunekanga ukuba ibe sisohlwayo kwaye ibe sisibetho kodwa inike ukufunda okwakhekileyo.
Umgaqo kufuneka usekwe kwisiko sokuzinikela, ukufundisa, ukufunda kunye nentlonipho engokufanayo, kunye nokumiselwa kwesiko lokunyamezela kunye noxolo kuzo zonke izikolo.
Kwezi ziqingatha, Umthetho weZikolo ze-SA ubhekiselela ngokukodwa kwiMigaqo yokuZiphatha kwaBafundi.
Inkqubo" kunye "nemveliso" zibaluleka ngokulinganayo a Xa iQela Elilawulayo leSikolo (I-SGB) liyila Umgaqo wokuZiphatha, kuyinto efunekayo okokuba babandakanye abafundi, abazali kunye nabafundi esikolweni. Inqubo kufuneka ibeyeyo lawulo melo. "Imveliso" (oko kukuthi, uxwebhu lokugqibela-Umgaqo wkuZiphatha) kufunerka ube " luxwebhu lwemvumelwano" okokukuthi, onke amaqela okanye abo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo kufuneka bavume.
Azikho izikolo ezibini ezifanayo, ngoko ke awunakusuka ukope Umgaqo kwesinye isikolo. Isikolo ngasinye kufuneka sivelise Umgaqo waso. I-SGB kufuneka ithathe ibandla lesikolo xa lilonke kwikqubo yothethathethwano, ize ivelise Umgaqo owodwa wabafundi esikolweni sawo. Umgaqo kufuneka unike indlela ezifanelekileyo kubafundi ukuze basasaze izikhalazo zabo; ube sisiseko senkqubo yoluleko ngokunjalo. Oku kuchaziwe kwiSiqingatha 1 seli Candelo.
Emva kokuba Imigaqo yamkelwe libandla lesikolo, I-SGB kufuneka iqiniseke okokuba lowo unomdla kwinto eqhubekayo ngamnye ufumana ikopi yoxwebhu loMgaqo. Kunyaka ngamnye imigaqo kufuneka ihlolwe, kwaye abo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo kufuneka kucetyiswane nabo ukuba utshintsho luyenziwa.
Umphathiswa weZemfundo kazwelonke uligunyalokugqibela ekulawuleni kunye nasekululekeni abafundi, kodwa iqela elilawulayo ngalinye kufuneka liqinisekise okokuba ululeko luya gcinwa kwisikolo salo.
Izikolo kufuneka zivelise imigaqo yokuziphatha.
Imigaqo kufuneka ibe ngaphaya kweendlela zemithetho ebekwa phezu kwabantu.
Imigaqo kufuneka isekwe kwimithetho siseko kunye nakwixabiso exhaswa libandla lesikolo.
Umthetho woMgaqo Siseko woMzantsi Afrika 108 ka-1996, uquka "Umthetho Oyilwayo waMalungelo". La malungelo asisiseko "somgaqo" karhulumente omtsha woMzantsi Afrika. Urhulumente uthembise ukulungiselela ibandla ngendlela ethembisa la malungelo alandelayo wommi ngambye. Qaphela okokuba amalungelo kwimfundo yenye yamalungelo akho asisiseko.
Ngokukodwa, ingaba "ilungelo kwimfundo" lithetha ntoni?
kwisiseko semfundo, kubandakanywa imfundo yobudala esekiweyo; kunye nokugqiba imfundo yakhe, apho urhulumente, ngemilinganiselo efanelekileyo, kufuneka enze inkubela ibekhona kwaye kufikeleleke kuyo.
Wonke ubani unelungelo lokufumana imfundo ngolwimi olusemthethweni okanye ulwimi azikhethele lona kumaziko emfundo kawonke wonke apho lo mfundo inokwenziwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Nemfuno zokulungisa iziphumo zakudala zemithetho yocalulo olungenomkhethe kunye nezenzo.
Naliphi na ilungelo liza noxanduva. Amalungelo kunye noxanduva ahamba kunye-njengamacala amabini email. Siza kusebenzisa lo mthetho siseko ekuqaleni ukuyila Umgaqo wokuZiphatha waBafundi.
Zininzi iindlela zokubhala uMgaqo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula amalungelo xa ucinga ngeemigaqo yokuziphatha. Imigaqo yokuziphatha isekwe kuzo zombini amalungelo kunye noxanduva.
Umfundi ngamnye unelungelo lokufundiswa kwimeko yobume bendawo elungisiweyo nenoluleko kunye noxanduva lokuthatha inxaxheba kunye nokunyamekakwaye angaphazamisi abafundi afunda nabo. Kufuneka asebenzise ukuziluleka kunye nokuzibopheleleka kwinkqubela yengqiqo kuophela yabo bonke.
Lokuyeka kulo naliphi na uhlobo lwesenzo esingenkani okanye esinyelisayo kwabanye. Intlonipho kufuneka iboniswe kubo bonke ababambe izihlalo zolawulo, umzekelo inqununu, ootitshala, abafundi, abalawuli kunye nesinye nje isitafu.
Lokubonisa unyamezelo kunye nokuthathela ingqalelo ngokuphathelele nabanye. Akufunekanga oyikise okanye enze intlekisa ngabanye, angazami ukujika abanye bakholelwe kwiinkolo zabo.
Lokufika esikolweni kunye nakwizifundo ngexesha.
Lokumamela aze acingele izimvo zabanye.
Lokuhlonipha kunye nokugcina olu ncedo, ukuphakamisa ixabiso lesikolo kunye nokuziphatha ngendlela yokuba kungaziswa ihlazo esikolweni. Oku kuyenzeka nakuyiphi na imeko apho umfundi anxibe iyunifom yesikolo okanye nayiphi na indlela achongwa ngayo ukuba ungumfundi wesikolo.
Lokuzimanya nezithethe zezemidlalo elungileyo kumabala ezemidlalo kwaye nakwintsebenziswano yakhe nezinye izikolo okanye uwonke wonke jikelele, kwaye abonise ukunyaniseka kunye nokubopheleleka kumaqela, imibutho, amabandla kunye nekomiti athembise ukuzixhasa.
Lokuxhasa ukuziphatha okunyanisekileyo kunye nokhuseleko esikolweni, ukubonisa intlonipho kwipropathi yabanye kwaye angonakalisi, onakalise inkangeleko yento, ebe okanye nangoluphi na uhlobo aphazamisane nayo nayiphi na ipropathi engasiyiyo eyakhe.
Lokuqiniseka okokuba izakhiwo zesikolo zigcinwa zicocekile kwaye sinolwazi ngempilo, kwaye akwenziwa buxelegu, imikrwelo erludongeni okanye ukwenzeka kokonakaliswa naziphi na iindawongenjongo.
Nanku umzekelo woMgaqo wokuZiphatha waBafundi oyilwe kwisikolo semfundo ephakamileyo. Awunikwa njengomgaqo ozalisekileyo, kodwa "njengomzekelo"(oko kukuthi, ngumzekelo wokufunda kuwo). Lo mzekelo usekwe kuMgaqo oyilwe siSikolo sase-Banato Park seMfundo Ephakamileyo, esiphakathi esixekweni eRhawutini.
Ibandla lesikolo linokuxoxa ngoMgaqo owahlukileyo ngolona hlobo kwaphela. Kwaye, uMgaqo woKuziphatha waBafundi kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi kufaneleke ukuba ube nobulula kakhulu.
Khumbula, isikolo sakho kufuneka sivelise umgaqo waso. Lo mzekelo unokukunceda, kodwa sukuvele uwukope. Ukuba ngaba uya wukopa, awusoze usebenze! Abafundi bakho kufuneka babenomgaqo ongowabo ukuzed ube nefuthe eliqinisekileyo ekuziphatheni kwabo kunye nasekucingeni kwabo.
Umzekelo ogcweleyo woMgaqo ubandakanyiwe kwiphepha elilandelayo.
Uqulethe amaxabiso anikwe nguMgaqo Siseko ngokunjalo noMthetho weZikolo zoMzantsi Afrika.
NgumGaqo " owakhayo".
Nangona ubandakanya icandelo kwiMithetho yeSikolo, uyinto engaphaya koluhlu lwemithetho.
Lo Mgaqo unika umfundi uluvo olomeleleyo lwamaxabiso, umthetho wentlalo yabantu abathile, kunye nomoya wentlonipho efanayo esikolweni.
Ngokomgaqo Siseko, abantwana banelungelo lemfundo. Ukuqonda okokuba ubuchule obusekekileyo obunempumelelo, nemfundo eyiyo ixhomekeke kwimeko yobume bendawo yesikolo apho kukho impucuko yokufunda kunye nokufundisa, eli lungelo lemfundo alinokwahlulwa kuxanduva lwabafundi ngokuphathelelene nemfundo yabo, kunye namalungelo kunye noxanduva lootitshala, abazali kunye nebandla lesikolo elibanzi. Isikolo I-Maatla seMfundo Ephakamileyo sizama ukunyusa izinga lemfundo yobume bemeko yendawo esisisgxina negcinakeleyo efunyanwa efunyanwa kwindawo engenabugebenga, kwaye ephakamisa umthetho siseko wemvumelwano, ukuthatha inxaxheba kunye nonyamezelwano.
Lo Mgaqo woKuziphatha luluhlu lwezivumelwano zokuziphatha ezivumelekileyo kunye nezingavumelekangaesikolweni. Lo Mgaqo woKuziphatha ubandakanya imithetho elawula ukuziphatha kunye nolalwamano phakathi kwabafundi, ootitshala, abazali kunye nebandla lase-Maatla elibanzi.
Injongo yoMgaqo woKuziphatha kukugcina imeko yobume bendawo yesikoloenoluleko kunye nenenjongo, ekhoyo kwiSikolo sase-Maatla seMfundo Ephakamileyo. Uzinikezele kugcino kunye nempucuko yomgangatho wenkqubo yokufundisa ngempucuko yesiko lwemfundo, kunye nokufundisa okunempumelelo njengoko uxhaswa yiNgxelo yeeNjongo.
Umgaqo Siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi afrika uxela okokuba bonke abafundi banelungelo kwimfundo.
lokuya esikolweni esingenalutshutshiso lwesini okanye ukuziphatha kolwaphulo mthetho.
ukuyeka ukusebenzisa iziyobisi, uhlaselo, ukuphatha izixhobo ezinobungozi, imisebenzi yolwaphulo mthetho okanye engekho semthethweni, isoyikiso, ukuxhaphaza, ukutshutshisa ngokwesini, ukudlwengula, ukuphathwa kakubi ngokukhethwa, intselo, ukutshaya okanyeukuba ngumnini wezinto zoburheletya.
bakhuthaze ukubandakanyeka kwebandla esikolweni ukuze bakhulise umgangatho wemfundo onikwa sisikolo kubafundi.
Banike isikolo isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa sentsusa somntwana kunye neengxelo zentsusa ezifunyenwe kwamanye amaziko emfundo, ngesicelo, ingakumbi ngexesha lobhaliso lokuqala esikolweni. Abazali babafundi abangengobemi boMzantsi afrika kufuneka banike isikolo, ngesicelo, imvume zokufunda zentsusa okanye imvume yokuhlala okwexeshana.
Baxoxe nabantwana babo ngeengxelo zamakhadi, umsebenzi omiselweyo kunye nomsebenzi wasekhaya.
Bahlawula ingxowa yesikolo njengoko kumiselwe liQela Elilawulayo lesikolo.
abafundi kufuneka bafike ngexesha maxa onke, kuqukwa ukutshinthwa kweklasi.
Akakho umntu ovumelekileyo ukuba angaphumeleli ngaphandle kwemvume yenqununu.
Inqaku elibhalwe phantsi, laze lasayinwa ngumzali / lowo uthatha uxanduva lomfundi kufuneka lifakwe kutitshala ngosuku umfundi abuyela esikolweni.
Nawaphi na amadinga (onyango, amazinyo okanye enye nje) akufuneki enziwe, ukuba kunokwenzeka, abekwe ngexesha leeyure zesikolo.
akukho mfundi unokushiya izakhiwo zesikolo ngexesha lokuqhubeka kwesikolo.
Isikolo sigcina ingxelo ebanzi sazo zonke iimini zokungaphumeleli okanye ikhefu.
Kulindeleke okokuba abafundi baziphathe ngendlela elungele abantu abadala abancinci abanqwenela ukwandisa kangangoko amandla abo aleleyo ngokwenza amalungelo abo kunye noxanduva lwabo ngokubhekiselele kwimfundo yabo, ngaphandle kokwaphula amalungelo kunye noxanduva lwabafundi abafunda nabo, ootitshala, abazali, okanye ibandla lesikolo ngokubanzi.
Abafundi bayakuba nentlonipho, inkathalo, intsebenziswano, kwaye bayakufuna ukwandisa kangangoko uncedo olufunyenwe kulalwamano phakathi kwabo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo.
Njengoko abafundi beSikolo seMfundo Ephakamileyo I-Maatla bemele ububanzi boqoqosho lwentlalo, umthetho siseko wokufana kubambelelwe ngqongqo kuwo ukuze kuphunguke ukhuphiswano olusekwe kubutyebi. Abafundi baya khuthazwa okokuba babonise ubuqu babo ngobuchule babo.
Ukujongwa rhoqo kuyenziwa ukunyanzelisa ukufana.
Uhlobo lwenwele olwenziweyo kufuneka lucoceke kwaye lubelufutshane. Akukho hlobo lwenwele oluciciyelweyo (olunje ngomgca, iindlela ezisheviweyo, izitepsi, idayi, amafutha, ifizi, ivasilina) luvumelekileyo. Amantobazana anokuba nenwele ezinde okanye ukuphotha okulula, kodwa iinwele ezinde kufuneka zibanjwe ngasemva ngaphandle kobuso. Amakhwenkwe kufuneka asheve, ayivumelekanga intshebe okanye amabhovu.
Azivumelekanga izihombiso eikhazimlayo, ngaphandle nje kwewotshi engenanto kunye namacici angenanto okanye irhintyela elincinci lamantombazana. Zonke ezinye izinto ziya kuthinjwa. Irisithi iya kukhutshwa exela umhla apho izintoezithinjiweyo ziza kuqokelelwa ngawo.
into yokuqaba iinzipho ayivumelekanga kwaye iinzipho kufuneka zigcinwe zimfutshane kwaye zicocekile. Abafundi banokuthunyelwa eofisini ukuba bayo kususa into yokuqaba iinzipho ngendleko.
Ukwaphula izixhobo okanye nayiphi na ipropathi yesikolo kuya kuthathwa kwiakhawunti yomfundi.
Amagumbi okufundela, ipaseji kunye nomphantsi wesikolo kufuneka ugcinwe ucocekile. Ukulahlwa kwezinto ezimdaka nje akuvumelekanga.
Ukutya kunokuthengwa kuphela ngexesha lekhefu. Ukutya kumagumbi okufundela, ezipasejini okanye kwiofisi akuvumelekanga. Ukuhlafunwa kwetshephisi akuvumelekanga nangeliphi na ixesha.
Akukho midlalo yebhola emayidlalwe naphi na ngasesikolweni okanye kwisakhiwo sesekolo.
Ukubangumnini okanye ukusebenzisa iiteyiphu zokushicilela, imidlalo ye-CD, iselifoni okanye nayiphi na into enexabiso akuvumelekanga. Nayiphi na into iya kuthinjwa kwaye irisithi iya kukhutshwa exela umhla apho izinto ezithinjiweyo ziza kuqokelelwa ngawo. Isikolo asinakufunyanwa sinoxanduva lokulahleka kwayo nayiphi na into esikolweni.
Umnxeba waseofisini unokusetyenziswa kuphela kungxamiseko olungaphaya kwamandla.
Kukwimeko kuphela yongxamiseko apho umyalezo womntu unokugqithiswa kumfundi yiofisi.
Isikolo sigcina kuphela isitokhwe esimbalwa semfuno zonyango, umz. Ezokususa iintlungu. Ezi zinto ziya hlawulelwa kwye isikoloasinako ukuvuma uxanduva lwayo nayo nayiphi na into eyalana nempilo yomntu okanye impendulo engaqhelekanga yalo mayeza.
Igumbi lokugula likhona kuye nawuphi na umfundi ogulayo kwaye akanakuqhubeka nemisebenzi yeklasi yesiqhelo. Imvume yokungena kwigumbi lokugula kufuneka inikwe sisitafu seofisi, ngokombono wakhe.
Kwimeko zonyango olungxamisekileyo, oko kukuthi, apho ukudibana nogqirha okanye unyango kwindawo yonyango lufunekayo, isikolosiya kuqhagamshelana nabazali / lowo ujongene noxanduva lomfundi okanye lowo ilungu losapho, apho kunokwenzeka, ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Iindleko ezenziweyo ziya kuhlawulwa ngabazali/ ngabo bajongene noxanduva lomfundi. Nceda uqinisekise okokuba iinkcukacha zoncedo lwezonyango zisoloko zifumaneka esikolweni.
Kwimeko ezinqabileyo, umz. Izifo ezosulelayo okanye izigulo ezinengozi, abafundi baya kugoduswa. Abazali bayakwaziswa ngomnxeba ukuba balande umfundi. Ukuba umfundi uphilile kwaye ukhuseleko lwkhe luqinisekisiwe, umfundi uya kugoduswa engakhatshwanga, ukuba ngaba imvume iya nikwa ngabazali okanye ukuba ngaba abazali akunakuqhagamshelwana nabo.
Iincwadi sesikhokelo zikhutshelwa umfundi ngamnye ekuqaleni konyaka.
Iincwadi zesikhokelo zihlala ziyipropathi yeSikolo seMfundo Ephakamileyo I-Maatla okanye isebe leZemfundo lamaphondo, ngaphandle kokuba zithengwe ngokukodwa ngabafundi (umz. Incwadi yokusebenza).
Abafundi bayasayina ngencwadi nganye abayifumeneyo, kwaye ngoko ke bavuma uxanduva lwencwadi nganye ekhutshiweyo.
Abafundi kunye nabazali babo banoxanduva lwayo nayiphi na ingozi yencwadi yesikhokelo. Iincwadi zesikhokelo kufuneka zibuyiselwe endaweni yazo okanye ziya kuhlawuliswa ukuba zilahlekile okanye zitshatyalalisiwe.
Iingxelo ezine ezenziwe kumatshini ziya khutshwa ngonyaka, oko kukuthi ingxelo ithunyelwa ekhaya ekupheleni kwexesha ngalinye lwesikolo.
Zonke iingxelo zikhutshwa zidibene nephetshana lezikhalazo esigqityiweyo saze sasayinwa zizo zonke iititshala zalo ndawo. Zikhutshwa ngaphandle kokujika okuthile, oko kukuthi, akulho ndawo zicinywayo okanye ezijikwayo.
Anazali kufuneka bazijonge zonke iingxelo baze bakusayine oko. Iingxelo ezisayiniweyo kufuneka ziphindiselwe kutitshala kangangentsuku ezintathu zesikolo zifunyenwe.
Intlanganiso enyanzelekileyo yomzali kunye notitshala zibanjwa kanye ngesiqingatha sesikolo. Imihla yezi ntlanganiso iya ziswa kumanqaku awodwa akhutshelwa abafundi bonke. Uluhlu lwabantu abakhoyo luya thathwa kuzo zonke iintlanganiso ezinyanzelekileyo.
Ukongeza, ezinye iintlanganiso (ezinyanzelekileyo okanye ezingokuzithandela) zinokubizwa ngootitshala, inqununu okanye iQela Elilawulayo ngalo naliphi na ixesha, ngaphandle kokuba isaziso esibhalwe phantsi siya khutshwa kubazali abamalunga noko.
Imali ehlawulelwa abantwana ngabazali imiselwa ngonyaka ngabazali kwintlanganiso ebizwe liQela Elilawulayo.
Imali yesikolo ihlawulwa ngaphambili ngokungqongqo. Isaphulelo se-10% siyavunywa ukuba ngaba yonke imali yesikolo ihlawulwe phambi kokuphela kukamatshi kwawo nawuphi na unyak aothile.
Ukwaziswa ngokwesiqingatha (okanye imali yesiqingatha) iya funwa ngaphambi kokuba kurhoxiswe umfundi esikolweni.
kuzo zonke iziganeko zomthetho wesikolo, ngaphakathi kunye nangaphandle kweeyure zesikolo ezilungeleleneyo, apho iziganeko zesikolo zibanjwe phantsi kokuncedwa zizakhiwo zolawulo lwesikolo.
Maxa onke apho umfundi anxibe iyunifom yesikolo kwaye eqondakala ngolo hlobo kokubini kwipropathi yesikolo okanye ngaphandle kombono wesikolo.
Khumbula la manqaku alandelayo xa usenza inyathgelo elilandelayo...
Ubandakanye icandelo lwemithetho oluxhasa imithetho yentlalo yesikolo.
Ingaba inkqubo iyakohluka kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi xa ithelekiswa neyesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo?
Leliphi na iqela labo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo elinokubandakanywa ekuyileni Umgaqo?
Ingaba ungabiza intlanganiso xa uqala le nkqubo?
Ingaba (njengenqununu kunye ne-SMT) uyila Umgaqo uze uwunike ukuba uxoxwe kwaye uhlolwe?
Kukweliphi na inqanababa apho uqhagamshelana nabafundi Okanye ingaba usuke ubanikeze umgaqo ogqityiweyo?
Emva kokuba ugqityiwe, Ingaba ungaqiniseka njani ukuba abafundi kunye nabazali babo baqhelene noMgaqo kwaye baya ziqonda izinto oziqukayo?
Ingaba ngubani oya kuthatha inxaxheba ekuyileni Umgaqo Ingaba ungaqiniseka njani okokuba imicimbi yabafundi iya thethwa?
Ingaba unalo na iBhunga Elimele abafundi esikolweni sakho Ingaba ungalifumana ukuba liyile uMgaqo ongowalo- ngaphambi kokuba bawuzise kuwe. Okanye, ingaba ungabakhokhela kwikqubo xa iyonke Ncedo luni ongabanika lona Ingaba ungaba ungacebisa ngeezihloko Ungaxoxa njani ngokuwukhulisa okungaphaya kunye nokuwugqiba uMgaqo Emva kokuba ugqityiwe, ungaqiniseka njani okokuba bonke abafundi baqhelene noMgaqo kwaye baya ziqonda izinto oziqukayo?
Umthetho weZikolo zo-SA waqalisa utshintsho oluneziphumo ezininzi ezikolweni ngokoluleko kunye nokohlwaywa. Xa isihlwayo soswazi sayekwayo ezikolweni, ezinye inqununu kunye netitshala zakufumana kunzima ukulawula ululeko. Ezinye iinqununu kunye neetitshala azizange zivumelane nokuyekwa kwesohlwayo ngoswazi, kodwa babengenanto abangayenza kodwa kwakufanele bathobele umthetho!
Kubalulekile okokuba abalawuli bezikolo kunye neetitshala baqonde indlela yal;a maxesha ethathwe nguMthetho weZikol ze-SA. Kufuneka siqonde okokuba ululeko kunye nesohlwayo zijolise ekufundiseni kunye nasekulungiseni ukuzuphatha komfundi-akunikwa isohlwayo ngenxa yokokuba "sikhathazekile" okanye ngenxa yokokuba " umntwana ukufanele oko".
Izikolo kufuneka zivelise iindlela ezicacileyo kunye nengaguquguqukiyo yokuphatha ululeko kunye nesohlwayo. Ngethemba lokokuba eli Candelo liya kukunceda ukuba ucinge ngokugcweleyo kakhulu ngemiba ethile.
Injongo enkulu yoMgaqo woKuziphatha kunye neenkqubo zoluleko zabafundi kukqinisekisa okokuba imfundo yabafundi esikolweni yenzeka kwimeko yobume nendawo ekhuselekileyo kunye necwangcisiweyo. Abafundi baya khuthazwa okokuba bakhulise ukuziphatha kwabo. Umthetho ubeka isigxininiso kumba wokokuba ululeko kufuneka lube nobulungisa, lube lolulungileyo, kwaye lube nemfundiso, kunokuba lubenesohlwayo. Xa ngoku isohlwayo soswazi siyekiwe, ngawaphi na amanyathelo woluleko kunye nesohlwayo evumelekileyo, kwaye ngawaphi ayimpumelelo?
Ukuziphatha kakubi okungalunganga kunokuthathwa njengo "kuziphatha kakubi" okanye " ukungaziphathi kakuhle" okanye "nokuziphatha okubi"(onokubizwa ngokuba ngu"mis-de-mee-nor"). Njengoko sibona kulo mzekelo woMgaqo woKuziphatha ngaphambili, iMigaqo ibidla ngokuquka imithetho yesikolo. Xa uMgaqo wawuxoxwa, kwakukho isivumelwano kwimithetho yesikolo. Ngaxesha nye, ibandla lesikolo kufuneka lixoxe ngokuba ngwaphi amanyathelo kunye neenkqubo ayakuthathwa ukuba ngaba abafundi bophule uMgaqo (okanye imithetho).
Isenzo siya kuthathwa nini na?
Ngubani oza kuthatha isenzo?
Zenzo zini eziya kuthathwa?
Siyazi okokuba "kutheni" isenzo sithathwa: kuba sifuna ukulungisa ukuzuphatha komfundi.
Kubomi bomntwana, ekugqibeleni uxanduva lokuziphatha kwakhe luxhomekeke kubazali okanye abo bathatha uxanduva lomfundi. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekileyo kakhulu ukusebenza ngokusondeleleneyo nesikolo. Abazali kunye nesikolo kufuneka baxhasane ekufundiseni kunye nasekolulekeni umntwana, kunye nokwakha ukuziphatha komntwana.
Kulindeleke okokuba abazali bayaku (a) xhasa isikolo, baze bafune ukuba abafundi bajonge yonke imithetho kunye nemimiselo yesikolo kwaye bavume uxanduva lwako nakuphi na ukungaziphathi kakuhle kwicala labo; (b) Bathathe umdla okhutheleyo kumsebenzi wasekhaya wabantwana babo kwaye benze okukuba abantwana bakwazi ukugqiba umsebenzi wasekhaya abawumiselweyo.
Ukuba umfundi akaziphathanga kakuhle, ngaphakathi esikolweni, ukululeka luxanduva lwakhe nabani na. KuMthetho weSikolo we-SA (Isaziso 776) sazisa kwiCandelo 7.
Wonke umfundi unoxanduva loluleko ngamaxesha onke esikolweni kunye nakwimisebenzi enxulumene nesikolo. Ootitshala banegunya elipheleleyo kunye noxanduva lokulungisa ukuziphatha kwabafundi xa ngaba olo lungiso luya funeka esikolweni.
Indawo yokuqala kulandelelwano loxanduva lolawulo ekugcineni ululeko kwigumbi lokufundela ngutitshala omnye okwigumbi lokufundela. Nayiphi na ititshala elungileyo iyayazi okokuba ululeko olulungileyo kunye nolawulo kwigumbi lokufundela sisiphumo soyilo olulungileyo, ulawulo olulungileyo, ukufundisa okulungileyo kunye nolalwamano loluntu olulungileyo. Utitshala wegumbi lokufundela uchitha ixesha lakhe elininzi nabafundi, ngoko ke unako ukujongana nemiba yoluleko emikhulu kunye neyokuziphatha.
Ngoko ke, utitshala asinguye kuphela onoxanduva. Ukulandelelana ngamandla okulawula esikolweni kuboniswe kwidayagram engasezantsi.
Ngubani owenza ululeko Yintoni ulandelelwano ngamandla okulawula Utitshala Ilungu eliphezulu lesitafu, umz?
Ukuba kuyafuneka, Utitshala kuya kufuneka agqithisele imiba kwilungu eliphezulu lesitafu, kwaye ekugqibeleni kwiNqununu. Emva koko, ukuba ukuziphatha kakubi kunzima kakhulu, iNqununu inokugqithisela umba kwiQela Elilawulayo leSikolo, kwiSebe lezeMfundo lamaphondo, kwaye ekugqibeleni kwi-MEC yezeMfundo.
Kubalulekile kakhulu okokuba izenzo zoluleko zicace kwaye ziqondwe kakuhle, hayi ngumfundi kuphela onetyala lokuziphatha kakubi, kodwa nebandla ngokubanzi. Inkqubo kufuneka ibenobulungisa kwaye ingaguquguquki, oko kukuthi, abafundi ababini abanetyala lolwaphulo mthetho olufanayo kufuneka baphathwe ngendlela efanayo. Abafundi akufuneki bafumane impatho eyodwa okanye ekhethekileyo kuba abazali bezizityebi okanye bebalulekile!
Kuya kuba luncedo ukujonga kwakhona kwezinye indawo zomzekelo woMgaqo wokuZiphatha waBafundi esizisebenzisileyo ngaphambili. Ingaba ucinga okokuba umzekelo woxwebhu lwesikolo " ulwaphulo mthetho" (ukwaphula imigaqo okanye imithetho) likumoya womthetho weZikolo ze-SA?
Ezi ziindidi ezintlanu ezisetyenziswayo kumzekelo wethu wesikolo, isikolo seMfundo Ephakamileyo iMaatla. Olo luhlu luyakunamathiselwa kuMgaqo woKuziphatha waBafundi. Ezi zintlu zokuziphatha kakubi zinikezwe ngokwenkcukacha, ngokunjalo neSenzo soLuleko esifanelekileyo kudidi ngalunye kumaphepha amaninzi alandelayo.
Ukuziphatha kakubi kwabafundi kunokuthatha iintlobo ezininzi. Kuyakunceda ukucinga ngokuziphatha kakubi njengento engenayo kwiindidi ezintlanu. Naziphi na izenzo ezithatyathiweyo kufuneka zilufanele udidi lokuziphatha kakubi, oko kukuthi, "isohlwayo kufuneka silufanele ulwaphulo mthetho".
uphinda phindo oluninzi lodidi 2 lokuziphatha kakubi, apho isenzo soluleko ngumlawuli wesikolo sithathwa ngokuba asinampumelelo ukwenzakala okungabalulekanga komnye umntu ukungcakaza ngemali ukuphatha kunye nokusebenzisa utywala okanye ukuba phantsi kweempembelelo zotywala ukuziphatha kakubi okuphazamisayo, umz.
Sele usazi ukuba isohlwayo soswazi sayekiswa.
akukho mntu onokunika isohlwayo soswazi kumfundi esikolweni.
Nawuphina umntu ochasa icandelwana 1 ufunyaniswa enetyala kwaye ufanele ukugwetywa ngokomthetho ngesigwebo esinokubekwa njengesokubetha.
Ngoko ke izikolo kufuneka zifune iindlela ezizezinye ezifanelekileyo ukoluleka abafundi. Le misebenzi mibini ilandelayo iyakukunceda ukuba ucinge ngeendlela ezizezinye zezohlwayo.
ukubanjwa imisebenzi ethatha inxaxheba kuphuculo lwemeko yobume bendawo yesikolo umz. Ukucoca, ukwenza igadi, imisebenzi yokuphatha.
naziphina izohlwayo kwezi zingasentla ukusikwa kwimisebenzi eyenziwa esikolweni, ezemidlalo, imisebenzi yangaphandle isilumkiso sokugqibela esibhalwe phantsi sokokuba ukusikwa esikolweni kungaphunyezwa ukugqithiselwa kugqirha wengqondo/umcebisi /ikliniki/ibandla okanye unontlalo-ntle inkonzo yasekuhlaleni (kuxhomekeka kwimvume efunyenweyo esuka kwiSebe lamaphondo).
Izohlwayo ezifanelekileyo zokuziphatha kakubi okunengozi enkulu ziyakwenziwa ngumlawuli wesikolo ophezulu, umz.
naziphina izohlwayo kwezi zingasentla ukuthunyelwa kuncedo lwangaphandle olufanelekileyo ukwenza isicelo kwiSebe sokusikwa OKWETHUTYANA kuyo yonke imisebenzi yesikolo.
ukwenza isicelo kwiSebe sokugxothwa okanye sokusiwa komfundi kwenye indawo.
Njengoko oku kuziphatha kakubi kumisela umthetho ongabhalwanga okanye ulwaphulo mthetho olumiselwe ngokomthetho, utshutshiso loluntu okanye ulwaphulo mthetho luyakulandela, kude kube kufikiswe izikhalazo ngomtyholwa lixhoba (ngamaxhoba).
a njengomgaqo wokulungisa ngexesha elingadlulanga kwiveki enye; okanye b kude kube kuthathwe isigqibo sokuba ingaba umfundi uyagxothwa esikolweni yiNtloko yeSebe.
a yiNtloko yeSebe; kwaye b ukuba ufunyenwe enetyala lokwaphula umthetho olunobungozi emva komamelo olonobulungisa.
Ukuba ngaba umfundi ophantsi kokuya esikolweni ngokwecandelo 3 uyagxothwa kwisikolo sikawonke-wonke, iNtloko yeSebe kufuneka yenze ulungiselelo olulonye sokubekwa kwakhe kwesinye isikolo sikawonke-wonke.
Inkundla yamatyala yindawo esesikweni yokumamela ngoluleko. Iyafana netyala lasenkundleni elibanjelwe esikolweni- kodwa ayiyonkundla yomthetho. Inkundla yamatyala iyenziwa xa isikolo sizakuxoxa ngetyala "elinobungozi kakhulu" lokuziphatha kakubi komfundi.
Kulo lonke uphando kunye nenkqubo yenkundla yamatyala, isikolo kufuneka silandele "inkqubo efanelekileyo". Kukho iinkqubo ezingqongqo. Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka libenako ukubonisa ukuba linikeze umfundi umamelo olunobulungisa, kungenjalo liyakucelwa umngeni kwizigqibo. Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka lisoloko linenkathalo enkulu ekwenzeni ngokwaMalungelo oMthetho oyilwayo, uMgaqo Siseko we-SA, kunye neMimiselo yeSebe lezeMfundo lwamaphondo.
Njengoko usazi umgaqo wokuziphatha ukhuthaza abafundi ukuba baziphathe ngendlela efanelekileyo enyusa izinga lemidla yebandla lesikolo xa sisonke. Kungenjalo, xa umfundi eziphethe kakubi kakhulu, umba uxelwa kwinqununu, kwaye inqununu iyakuyigqithisela ingxaki kwiQela Elilawulayo lesikolo. Kweli zinga inqununu akufunekanga ikhankanye igama lomfundi okanye izityholo ezenziwe kumfundi.
Phambi kwenkundla yamatyala, I-SGB iyakonyula umntu omnye okanye ababini ukuba ajonge ukuba kukho ityala "loluvo lokuqala" (oko kukuthi kukho ityala "xa wawuqala ukuyibona"). Aba Bantu bayakujonga ingxaki baze bathathe isigqibo sokokuba ingaba inobungozi obaneleyo ukuya kwinkundla yamatyala.
I-SGB akunyanzelelkanga ukuba ibize intlanganiso eyodwa ukunyula abaphandi kweli zinga. Ekuqalekeni konyaka, I-SGB ingathumela olu lawulo kumhlali ngaphambili kunye nakumhlali ngaphambili olisekela okanye ikomiti encinane. (Rhoqo, kubalulekile ukushicilela isigqibo sokonyula abaphandi kwiMizuzu ye-SGB).
Ukuba iQela elilawulayo ligqibe ukuba liqhubeke nenkundla yamatyala, iyakonyula abantu ababini njengamalungu enkundla yamatyala. Olu lonyulo kufuneka lwenziwe ngokubhalwe phantsi.
Amalungu enkundla yamatyala akunyanzelekanga ibe ngamalungu eQela elilawulayo; ingangabantu bangaphandle (umz. Inqununu ekumhlala phantsi, umphathiswa wecawe, umantyi). Bobabini abantu kufuneka bangakhethi icala - Abanakubandakanywa kwingxaki ethe yavela.
Amalungu enkundla yamatyala akufunekanga aziswe ngenx'iphambili ngeenkcukacha zengxaki. Kyfuneka baseke izinto abazifumeneyo kubungqina ababunikiweyo ngexesha lophando lwabo lokuziphatha kakubi komfundi. Baya kwenza amacebo kwiQela elilawulayo. Amacebo abo kufuneka abandakanye izenzo ezilungisiweyo okanye amanqanaba oluleko-injongo enkulu ikukunceda umfundi ukuba ayeke ukuziphatha ngendlela engavumelekanga.
Inkundla yamatyala kufuneka ixelele umfundi kunye nabazali bakhe (okanye abo banoxanduva lokujonga umfundi) ngexesha, umhla, kunye nendawo yomamelo ubuncinane kangangentsuku ezintlanu phambi koko. Kufuneka bazise izikhalazo ezimalunga nomfundi ngokubhalwe phantsi. Inkundla yamatya kufuneka ilumkise umfundi kunye nabazali bakhe okokuba umamelo lunokuba neziphumo zokugxothwa okanye ukusikwa komfundi esikolweni.
Kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba umfundi kunye nabazali bakhe bayazi ukuba banelungelo lokuvelisa ubungqina phambi kwenkundla yamatyala. Umthetho siseko othi "audi alteram partem" ubalulekile; uthetha okokuba "mamela elinye icala".
Kwelinye icala inkundla yamatyala inelungelo lokungawabandakanyi amagqwetha.
Umfundi otyholwayo kunye nabazali bakhe banokuya kumamelo kodwa akunyanzelekanga.
Amangqina anokubizwa. Nabo nabaphina abantu-kuqukwa umfundi kunye nabazali bakhe-banokuwabuza amangqina, kodwa oku kunokusoloko kusenziwa ngendlela enobulungisa kunye nelinganayo. Umfundi otyholwayo usoloko enelungelo lokuphendula.
Onke amaxwebhu asetyenzisiweyo kufuneka enziwa afumaneke kubo bonke abathatha inxaxheba kumamelo. Oku kuquka iingxelo ezibhaliweyo, ushicilelo lokuziphatha komfundi ngexesha esesikolweni, isingqiniso, njalo-njalo.
"Ingxelo" (inkcazelo) kufuneka ishicilelwe "ilizwi ngelizwi". Ukuba kuyafuneka, ushicilelo lweteyiphu okanye ividiyo lunokwenziwa.
Umtyholwa kunye nabazali bakhe kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuba benze ingxelo "ukunciphisa", oko kukuthi, ukunika ingcaciso kunye nesibheno kumalungu enkundla yamatyala ukuba abenenceba(ukwenza inceba).
Ukuba ngaba umfundi ufunyenwe enetyala...
Linike isilumkiso esibhaliweyo kumfundi.
Linokubeka isohlwayo esilungiselelweyo kuMgaqo wokuziphatha.
Lifune isithembiso esibhaliweyo sokuziphatha okulungileyo komfundi.
Linokusika umfundi esikolweni kangangexesha elingagqithanga kwiveki enye.
Licebise iSebe lamaphondo okokuba umfundi agxothwe.
Ukuba inkundla yetyala icebisa ngokugxothwa komfundi, iQela Elilawulayo leSikolo kufuneka lazise isebe lamaphondo ngokubhaliweyo. Kufuneka linikezele ngekopi zako konke okungqinela ngoxwebhu obekusetyenzisiwe kwinkundla yamatyala.
Khumbula, amagunya e-SGB anciphiselwe kwiveki enye yokusikwa komfundi. Ukuba ingcebiso yenkudla yamatyala ibiyeyokugxothwa, ngoko ke umfundi unokusikwa ithuba elingangeveki enye lo gama isikolo silinde isigqibo sokugqibela seSebe.
Ukuba ngaba ukusikwa okanye ukugxothwa kuyenzeka ngexesha lokuhlalela uvavanyo okanye uviwo inqununu kufuneka yenze amalungiselelo wokuba umfundi abhale uviwo - mhlawumbi kwenye indawo.
Ukuba ngaba umfundi ufunyaniswe enetyala lokuziphatha kakubi obunobungozi, kwaye ukuba ngaba isigqibo sasenziwe kwinkundla yamatyala sokuba uza kugxothwa, umfundi kunye nabazali bakhe baya kubhena ngokuchasene nesenzo kangangentsuku ezi-7. "Umamelo lokubhena" olulodwa luya kuhlanganiswa nguMphathiswa (I-MEC) kangangentsuku ezingama-14 xa isigqibo sokugqibela sisenziwa.
Ukuba umfundi ugxothiwe kwesinye isikolo-kwaye ukuba ngaba loo umfundi ukwiminyaka enyanzelekileyo yokuya esikolweni - iSebe leZemfundo kufuneka lifune ukubekwa okukokunye kwesinye isikolo komfundi.
Mininzi imithetho esebenzayo ekuziphatheni kakubi kotitshala. Bonke ootitshala kufuneka ukuba babe lilungu leBhunga loMzantsi Afrika looTitshala (I-SACE). Eli Bhunga linomgaqo wokuziphatha osebenza kuwo onke amalungu kunye neetitshala abanetyala lokwaphula lo mgaqo banokususwa kuluhlu kwaye ngolwandiso bangavunyelwa ukuba bafundise kwakhona.
Ootitshala bakwalawulwa nguMthetho woLalwamano ngoMsebenzi weMfundo kunye neMfundo ehlaziyiweyo ka-2000. Esekwe kuMthetho woLalwamano loMsebenzi woMzantsi Afrika. Zonke izenzo zoluleko ezithathwe kwititshala kufuneka ziqhutywe liSebe njengabasebenzi.
QAPHELA: AmaQela Alawulayo eSikolo akanalo igunya lokoluleka okanye ukohlwaya ootitshala.
Ukuba ngaba I-SGB irhanela okokuba ititshala inetyala lokwaphula umthetho okanye lifumane imbalelwano weso siphumo, kufuneka sigqithiselwa kwinqununu okanye amagosa eSebe.
Eli bali lisekwe kwisehlo esingokwenene kwisikolo saseRhawutini. Inqununu yasikolo semfundo Ephakamileyo i-Somewhere sanele kakhulu. Isikolo sinomgaqo wokuziphatha kwaye okubandakanywayo kulo mgaqo yimithetho yokunxiba, kuqukwa imimiselo yohlobo lwenwele. Iqela lamakhwenkwe lalichasa imithetho ngenkani kwaye besenza iinwele eziphothiweyo esikolweni. Ekugqibeni ngokuthatha icala kulo mba inqununu yagqiba kwelokuba ibayalele ukuba bagoduke baze babuye kuphele xa benohlobo olulungileyo lwenwele.
Abazali bala makhwenkwe babanomsindo, baqhagqmshelana ne-MEC kunye nezitishi zonomathotholo, I-MEC yayalela okokuba inqununu yamkele abantwana kwakhona nokuba ingakhathaleli uhlobo lwenwele zabo. Waxelela inqununu okokuba abazali bala makhwenkwe babanga okokuba angamaRasta kwaye ke uhlobo lwenwele lwadibaniselene nokholo lwenkolelo zabo. Ukubakhupha esikolweni yayilulophulo lwenkululekjo yabo kwimbonakalo yeenkolo.
Le yimpikiswano awayinikayo xa yayiludliwano ndlebe kunomathotholo kazwelonke. Umniki wengxelo wabalula okokuba inkundla esemthethweni yenza ummiselo wokusetyenziswa kwentsangu ngamaRasta kwaye kwabuzwa okokuba ingaba I-MEC ingawavumela na okokuba amakhwenkwe atshaye intsangu na esikolweni ukuba ngaba inkundla yenza ummiselo ngakwicala labo. Xa I-MEC isithi ayingekhe ikwazi, umniki wengxelo wammangalela ngokuba netyala lokwaphula umthetho kumalungelo amakhwenkwe njengenqununu. Akazange abe nayo impendulo okanye akwazi ukuzikhusela kwisityholo eso.
f. thumela ikopi ephicothiwweyo yengxelo yemali yonyaka kwisebe lamaphondo lemfundo ngokukhawuleza okukhulu okanye zingaphelanga iinyanga ezi-6 emva kokuphela konyaka wesikolo, kwaye yenze iikopi zifunyanwe ngabazali kwiNtlanganiso yoNyaka Jikelele yeQela Elilawulayo; kwaye g. ilugise uqingqo mali lonyaka lwesikolo apho imali eza kuhlawulwa ngumfundi ngamnye iza kumiswa. Uqingqo mali luya kudweliswa luze lwamkelwe ngokujonga iivoti ezininzi liqela labazali kwiNtlanganiso yoNyaka Jikelele yeQela Elilawulayo...
Ukukhutshwa kwerisithi a Irisithi zikhutshwa ngendlela yamanani.
b. eyentsusa inikezwa umhlawuli ize iikopi/ iphephalokukhuphela ligcinwe.
VII. Isitampu sesikolo kuyo e. akukho nto kufuneka ijikwe kuyo nayiphi na irisithi. Ukuba kwenziwe isiphazamo kufuneka ihlatywe ngokubhala igama "IHLATYIWE" ngokunqamlezayo kwirisithi yentsusa kunye neekopi.
f. irisithi kufuneka ikhutshwe yayo nayiphi na imali efunyenweyo, kunye nayo yonke ikheshi yentsalela g. Irisithi entsha kufuneka ikhutshwe xa bekudiphozithwe ngetshekhi engavunywanga ukutshintshwa ngenxa yokuba umkhuphi wayo engasena mali yaneleyo ebhankini, kuze intlawulo yetshekhi yentsusa ibuyiselwe umva kwincwadi yekheshi.
h. kwimeko yetshekhi ebhalwe umhla ozayo, irisithi kufuneka yenziwe kuphela xa isixa mali sinokufikelelwa. Ezo tsheki kufuneka zigcinwe kwisefu yesikolo okanye kwindawo ekhuselekileyo elinganayo de zibe zidiphozithwe kwiakhawunti yesikolo.
Incwadi yerisithi kufuneka ikrwelwe nge-inki eBomvu kwindawo apho imali idiphozithiweyo. Umhla, uthotho lwenombolo zerisithi kunye nesixa esifakwe ebhankini kufuneka siboniswe ngokucacileyo. Ungqinelwano olufanayo kufuneka lwenziwe kwingxelo zocewangiso mali, ingakumbi kwincwadi yekheshi yerisithi phambi kokuba imali idiphozithwe.
Ukudiphozitha imali a. Iphetshana lokudiphozitha kufuneka ligcwaliswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye isixa mali kufuneka singqinisiswe neso sikwincwadi yekheshi yerisithi.
b. Inqununu okanye iGosa lezeZimali luxanduva lwayo ukudiphozitha yonke imali.
c. Amalungiselelo wokudiphozitha imali kufuneka ohluke ukunciphisa ingozi yokulahleka ngokuphangwa. Igosa lezeZimali okanye iNqununu kufuneka bathuthe imali ukuya ebhankini bekhatshwa lilungu elahlukileyo lesitafu kwithuba ngalinye.
d. Amalungiselelo kufuneka enziwe wokufumana ingxelo zeBhanki kusuku lokugqibela ngalunye lwenyanga yekhalenda. Incwadi yekheshi kunye nengxelo yebhanki kufuneka ivumelelaniswe kwinyanga nenyanga.
e. Isikolo kufuneka sisebenze kuphela nge-akhawunti yetshekhi.
Iintlawulo a. Akukho tshekhi emazisayinwe lilo naliphi na ilungu phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko b. Zonke iintlawulo ezenziwe egameni lesikolo kufuneka zenziwe ngetshekhi ehlatyiweyo, ngaphandle kobugcwabalalana bokusebenza.
c. Kufuneka kubekho usayino gama kwiakhawunti lwenziwe kathathu kwaye babini kuphela amabasayine ngaxesha nye.
Ingxelo yezeZimali a. Unyaka wemali wesikolo ungoJanyuwari ukuya kuDisemba wama-31 kunyaka ngamnye.
b. Ingxelo zenyanga kunye nezonyaka ziya kubandakanya yonke ingeniso kunye nenkcitho kunye nengxelo yentsalela kwiakhawunti yebhanki.
c. I-SGB iya kubiza intlanganiso phakathi koJulayi kunye noNovemba kunyaka ngamnye yokunika ingxelo yezeZimali yesikolo yonyaka.
d. Ingxelo yezezimali ephicothiweyo kufuneka inikezelwe kwi-SGB zingaphelanga ezimbini zokuphela konyaka wezeZimali.
e. I-SGB iya konyula umntu ongokufanelekileyo ukuba aphicothe iincwadi, xa ngaba loo mntu akalolungu le-SGB.
b. Oku kufuneka kwziswe kwiNtlanganiso yoNyaka Jikelele, ukwakelwa kunye nokuvunywa ngabazali.
d. Kufuneka kubekho ukudibana okucacileyo phakathi kwengxelo yoBizo lwesikolo kunye noqingqo mali lwesikolo. Yonke imisebenzi yesikolo kufuneka yalamane nenjongo yengxelo yoBizo lwesikolo enye okanye ezingaphezulu.
e. Uqingqo mali kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela xa ngaba iinjongo zesikolo zonyaka zichongiwe.
f. Onke amaqela anomdla, ingakumbi abazali babantwana ababhalise esikolweni, kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuxoxa kwaye bacebise ngotshintsho kuqingqo mali lwesikolo.
g. Uxanduva lolawulo loqingqo mali lulele kwi-SGB. Kwimihla ngemihla olu xanduva lulele kwiGosa lezeZimali, iNqununu, intloko yoMsebenzi kunye/ okanye ootitshala beKlasi.
h. Uqingqo mali luya kuyilwa ngokuvumelana neenkqubo zesebe.
Isikolo siya kwamkela ezi ndlela zilandelayo zokwandisa kangangoko ingeniso eqokelelweyo.
Ukuqokelela imali okujolise kwibandla lesikolo kudla ngokuyilwa kubutyebi obukhawulezileyo babazali, ootitshala kunye nabantwana. Ngumcimbi oqhubelekayo apho iimali ezincinane ziqokelelwayo. Ayidli ngokuba yimali "entsha" enokudalwa ngolu hlobo kwaye ngoko inxenye yeenzame zokuqokelelwa kwemali ibandakanye ikomiti yesikolo kwimisebenzi enje nokutya kunye nolomwabo, ekuthi usapho luzibophelele nangaluphi na uhlobo. Umzekelo, bonke abantwana bafuna ukutya kunye nesiselo ngexesha lasemini, kodwa ukuba ngaba bazi thenga esikolweni endaweni yokuya kwivenkile enkulu, isikolo siya zuza. Ihlebo ekuqokeleleni okunempumelelo enkulu kwesi sahluko lilula ngolona hlobo. Imisebenzi inokuba noncedo okanye inokuzuza imidla kunye nemibono yebandla lesikolo. Ngamanye amazwi, barhwebesha kumaphupha kunye nolangazelelo lwbo bathatha inxaxheba, okanye banika ithuba labantu lokuba bakhule, bathande ukuhlala nabanye kwaye babengamalungu endawo ethile.
Ingxaki ephinda phindayo ekuqokeleleni imali kwibandla lesikolo yeyokuba kubandakanya ulungiselelo oluninzi, kodwa akudli ngokuqokeleleka imali eninzi. Kwiititshala ezininzi kunye nabazali kunzima ukubona ixabiso. Ukongeza, imali idla ngokuduka kwiakhawunti yobugcwabalalana bemali yesikolo kwaye ichithwa kwiimfuno zemihla ngemihla, ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziselwe injongo leyo ibiqokeleleywa yona. Naxa kunjalo, ezi ngxaki zinokoyiswa. Izikolo ezininzi zifumanisa okokuba ukuqokelelwa kwemali kusebenza ngcono ukuba ngaba kunephulo elicacileyo, neliphumenzezwayo engqondweni, ngaphambi kokulungiselela ukuqokelelwa kwemali yebandla lesikolo. Kukwaluncedo ukonyula umntu omnye oya kuba noxanduva lokugcina iincwadi okulungileyo kwaye nemali kufuneka ichithwe kwiphulo ngokukhawuleaz. Ngolo hlobo isikolo siya kuba noluvo lwempumelelo kwaye nesixa mali esincinane siya kuvuyelwa ngempumelelo. Olu hlobo lokuqokelelas imali lunika isikolo ithuba lokukhulisa umbono ofanayo ekuphuculeni isikolo. Njengoko imisebenzi emininzi kukhawuleza kwaye kulula ukuyilungiselela, iza noluvo olukhawulezileyo lwempumelelo kwaye igcina abo bathatha inxaxheba benempembelelo zokuqhuba besebenza bebonke kubuhle besikolo.
Ngowuphi umsebenzi oza kuwukhetha wokuqokelela imali?
Ngubani oya kubandakanyeka?
Yimalini oza kuyifuna ngaphambili?
Ingaba uza kuyenza nini loo nto?
Inqanaba 5 Chitha imali kwiphulo lakho ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.
Inqanaba 7 Kukho olunye uyilo Amacebo?
Ukuqokelela imali kwibandla lekomiti.
Amanye amashishini anomdla wokunikela kwizikolo njengento eyinkqubo eluxanduva lwabo lwasekuhlaleni, kodwa izikolo azinakulindela amalizo. Ukuba ngaba isikolo sifuna uncedo kufuneka sibonise okokuba silungele ukuzama ukuzinceda kuqala. Ezi nzame zisenokuba ngendlela yokusebenza, umz. Abazali bancede ngogcino lwesikolo okanye isikolo, ngokunjalo nakomnye umsebenzi wokuqokelela imali. Amashishini akayomvelaphi yemali ekuphela kwayo enokwenzeka kwizikolo, anokucelwa ukuba ancede ngobuchule obuthile, umzekelo, ukunceda ngoyilo lwezezimali.
Ukuba ngaba ubunako ukukhusela imali, qiniseka okokuba unako ukunikisa ngento kwakhona kulowo unikayo ukuze wakhe uthelelwano olunyanisekileyo. Ukuba wenza inzame zokugcina icala lakho lothelelwano, ulalwamano luya kuba lolugcinakalayo kwixesha elizayo.
Zininzi iindlela zokubulela umnikeli, othe wayikhetha iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwesikolo. Ayingawo onke amashishini anomdla ekumiseleni uthelelwano olwakhekileyo nesikolo. Ukuba unikwa amalizo afelefele kwaye isitafu senkampani asizilungiselelanga ukunika ixesha laso okanye ubuchule esikolweni sakho, izizathu zenkampani kufuneka zibuzwe.
Njengoko abaniki bemali befumana amakhulu ngamakhulu ezicelo zemali unyaka nonyaka, kwaye banako kuphela ukuphendula izicelo ezimbalwa, khetha umniki wemali ngocoselelo.
Abaniki bemali banika intlobo ngeentlobo zoncedo: imali, uncedo lwempahla, abaqeshwa, ulwazi, iinkonzo, uqeqesho kunye noncedo lobugcisa.
Abaniki bemali banokusebenza kwindawo zejiyogarafi, okanye bajolise kwindawo ethile yokufunda umz.
Abaniki bemali banefom kunye neenkqubo zokwenza izicelo ezizezabo. Cela iifom kubaniki bemali.
Xa usenza isicelo kuba niki bemaki abaninzi ngemfuno efanayo qiniseka okokuba uya kubhala oko kwisndululo sakho.
Misa ixesha elingcono lonyaka lokufaka isindululo sakho.
Ucacise ukuba uya kuzilinganisela njani na iziphumo.
Kweli candelo kufuneka uchaze uyilo lwakho lwesenzo. Dwelisa imisebenzi yakho kwaye uchaze okokuba abo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo kwibandla lesikolo sakho baza kubandakanyeka kwiphulo lakho. Nika inkcazo yesitafu esibandakanyekayo kwiphulo. Bonisa okokuba kutheni ukhethe loo ndlela ithile ekwenzeni loo ngxaki. Chaza ezinye izikolo ezithethe ngeengxaki ezifana nezi ngampumelelo.
Ucela imali. Oku ngoko ke yindawo ephambili yecebo. Bonisa okokuba unemfuno kwaye ulubalile uqingqo mqli olululo.
Uqingqo mali akufunekanga lunbe "luphakame" kunemivuzo. Kufuneka lubonise ulinganiselo oluphezulu lwabo bafuna uncedo. Uqingqo mali ludla ngokulungiselelwa ixesha elingangonyaka omnye, kwaye kufuneka lwahlulwe ngokwe "Ngeniso" kunye "neNkcitho".
Abaniki mali bafuna ukwazi okokuba isikolo sakho siya kuba nako ukugcina iphulo lakho ngaphandle kokufuna imali kwakhona. Ungakwazi ukudala imali kwigxowa okanye ngoncedo lwebandla lesikolo. Umzekelo, unganako ukuqesha iholo lakho ngempela veki usenza imisebenzi kwaye udala ingeniso yokuhlawula imali mboleko. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ufake icandelo logcino kwisindululo sakho ukuba ngaba isindululo sakho siyinto enye enje ngomatshini wokukopa okanye ikhompyutha. Ukuba uqokelela imali yebhasi encinane kufuneka ubonise ukuba uza kuzi zalisa njani iindleko zokuyigcina. Ukuba ngaba iphulo lakho alisokuze lizanelise ngokwalo (inkqubo yokondla umzekelo) ngoko ke cacisa izizathu kwaye usebenzise ingqokelela yamanani ukubonisa okokuba kungokuba kutheni.
Iphulo lokuphonononga kufuneka limisele okokuba isikolo sakho sibeneziphumo ezinjani ekuphumezeni iinjongo. Ukuba uneenjongo ezinomlinganiselo ocacileyo ngoko ke indlela yokuphonononga yakho iya kucaca.
Ingaba iinjongo zifezekisiwe?
Ngubani oza kuphonononga?
Ingaba ulwazi lokuphonononga olufunwayo luza qokelelwa nini na?
Neenkcukacha zemali ebhankini kunye nemali ezizalisiweyo.
Isikolo samaBanga aphantsi I-Vela sisikolo esincinane sase Pabalello, ngase-upington. Njengezinye izikolo kulo ndawo, siniks iinkonzo kwibandla elihlwempuzekileyo. Abazali ababandakanyeki kakhulu kubomi besikolo kwaye balindela okokuba iititshala "zixazulule" abantwana zisenzela bona. Kukho eminye imiceli mingeni. Umzekelo kunzima kakhulu ukufundisa ehlotyeni , xa amazinga obushushu ephakathi ko-30 kunye no-40.
Xa uMnu. Hlom waye qalisa iphulo lokuqokelela imali esikolweni, wayenenjongo ezicacileyo ezimbini engqondweni yakhe. Waye funa ukufundisa ibanga le-7 ubuchule bokugcinwa kwemali okusisiseko kwaye waye funa ukuthenga izipholisi (fans) ukugcina iklasi zakhe zipholile ehlotyeni. Waqala ngenjongo yokuqala waza waqalisa iklasi yakhe kubuchule bokugcina iincwadi. Wabuza iklasi yonke emva koko ukuba iqokelele amaphanga ebhotile zebhiya angenanto okanye iibhotile zesiselo iiveki yonke kwaye ngomvulo ekuseni baqalisa ubuchule babo obutsha baza benza ingxelo yazo zonke iibhotile ezoqokelelweyo kwaye yimalini na abanokuyifumana ngazo. Umnu. Hlom emva koko wabuyisela iibhotile evenkileni, watshintsha imali leyo waza wacaciselana neklasi yakhe ukuba baza kuyisebenzisa njani na "inkunzi" ukudala imali engenye.
Iklasi yagqiba kwelokuba isebenzise imali ekuthengeni izithako zokupheka ikeyiki kunye nokuthengisa iilekese esikolweni. Kwakhona abantwana babhala ingeniso kunye nenkcitho kwincwadi yogcino lwencwadi baze balungiselela ukuthengisa. Ukuthengisa kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu kwaye inzuzo yabo yanda. Abantwana bagqiba kwelokuba bayiphindaphinde imisebenzi amaxesha ngamaxesha. Xa iphulo lalikhula iklasi yanika imisebenzi eyahlukileyo kubantu abahlukileyo. Qho ngoMvulo ekuseni abantwana abathile babeqokelela, babhale kwaye babale ingeniso yebhotile zebhiya, lo gama abanye begcina iincwadi zezithako zokupheka ikeyiki kunye nokuthengisa iilekese. Iqelana lacelwa ukuba liphande ngexabiso lezipholisi ezisesilingini kwaye liyile uqingqo mali lokuthenga izipholisi ezaneleyo ukugcina iklasi ipholile.
Abantwana babezimisele. Babefuna kangangoko ukuba nezipholisi ezisesilingini kwaye babesazi kakuhle ukuba baza kuya njani na apho. Akukho mntu owayebuziwe ukuba anikele ngento angenayo. Ngokuqokelela iibhotile sasebenzisa into esinayo ngokuzinceda. Satshintsha ekubeni ngamahlwenmpu acelayo saba ngabantu ababelana ngephupha. Oko kwenza okokuba abantwana bazive belungile kwaye baziva benempembelelo. Ukugcina iincwadi yayiyinto enkulu. Iklasi yayibala imali yabo maxa onke kwaye babebona ukuba baphucuke kangakanani na! Ngokokwam ndicinga okokuba kwakubalulekile okokuba iphulo lalingemali engaphaya. Ndabona ukuba ukugcina iincwadi kwathetha into ebhetele kubo njani ngequbuliso. Ndabona oukuba balithatha njani inyathelo lokuqala baza basebenza njengeqela. Abantwana babe phucuka ngamaxesha onke. Zonke ezo zinto zazindenza ndonwabe ndingutitshala. Kungoko ke ndingakukhathalelanga ukwenza umsebenzi owongeziweyo.
Ngoku sikwazile ukufumana abanikeli abathembise ngokwaneleyo ngepeyinti yamagumbi okufundela, kodwa asifikelelanga ekulungisweni kwefestile.
Siza kufaka ingxelo ecacisiweyo ukuba imali isetyenziswe njani na kwaye siza kunimema esikolweni xa iifestile zilungisiwe ukuze nibone ukuba kwenzeke ntoni na kwimali yenu.
Intengiso yengqokelela exutyiweyo yempahla endala: Ootitshala baqokelela impahla exutyiweyo endala kuzo zonke iiklasi. Intengiso iya kwenziwa nge-19 ngoMatshi. Kuyakubakho ulungiselelo lwezitali zokutya ngabazali ngolo suku ekufuneka siqokelele I-R500 okanye I-R600. Siya cinga okokuba siyakuqokelela I-R900 ubuncinane kwingqokelela yempahla endala.
Sinqwenela ukuqokelela I-R500 ngobo busuku. Umculo uyakunikwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo yibhendi eqhutywa ngudade womnye wamakhwenkwe akwinqanaba le-4.
Singavuya ukuba iglasi zinganamathiselwa kwangoko ngoMeyi, ukuze ipati yome kwaye iifesitile zibe nako ukupeyintwa phambi kokuphela kukaMeyi.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Iholide nebhonasi.txt</fn>
Iholide nebhonasi neengenelo ziya kuthatyathwa irhafu xa zidlulile kuma-R30 000, 00.
lintsuku zeholide ziboniswe kwisicatshulwa sikaFebruari 2000. Ezinye iiholide azikaboniswa, ziza kutsalwa ibe zakuba nempembelelo kwisicatshulwa. (Iholide zisekelwe kwintsuku zekhalenda ngoku zenziwe intsuku zokusebenza).
Isihlomele B esincanyathelisiweyo umele usizalise ngokwakho uze usithumele kweli Sebe kwihla engama-21 yomsebenzi.
ISebe leMicimbi yaManzi namaHlatbi likwinkqubo yokufudusa iinkonzo zamanzi elixhomekeke kuRhulumente weLizwe kwamanye amaziko imibutho njengeyasekublaleni okanye esekelwe kumagunya oluntu.
Kuthethwathethwano obelushukuxa lomba kuye kwavunyelwana ukuba abasebenzi bamele bafuduselwe kwiMibutho esebenzisa amanzi.
Kolu xwebu kuncanyatheliswe isiHlomelo A ukubonisa iingenelo nezinto ezahlukeneyo umntu anokuzikhetha.
Ingenelo zibalwe ukufikelela kumhla wama-28 kuFebruwari 2001.
Iholide nebhonasi neengenelo ziya kuthatyathwa irhafu xa zidlulile kuma-R30 000, 00.
lintsuku zeholide ziboniswe kwisicatshulwa sikaFebraari 2000. Ezinye iiholide azikaboniswa, ziza kutsalwa ibe zakuba nempembelelo kwisicatshulwa. (Iholide zisekelwe kwintsuku zekhalenda ngoku zenziwe intsuku zokusebenza).
Isihlomele B esincanyathelisiweyo umele usizalise ngokwakho uze usithumele kweli Sebe kwihla engama-21 yomsebenzi.
Izibonelelo zeholide ..
Nceda ke uqaphele kukuba olu balo lungentla apha kuphela lubonisa ingenelo omele uzifumane ezisekelwe kwinkcazelo efumanekayo okanye ekwingxelo.
Ukuba akuvumelani nale nkcazelo, nceda wazise le ofisi ukuze kwenziwe uhlengahlangiso.
Ukufuduswa kwesixa: Ukufuduswa kwesixa sifuduselwa kwingxowa yomhlala-phantsi endizikhethele yona esemthethweni.
Ukuya kusebenza kwenye indawo.
Mna ndiyayiqonda inkqubo yokufuduselwa kumqeshi omtsha nolunye ukhetho endilinikiweyo ukuzenzela isigqibo ngekamva lam.
Ukufuduswa kwesixa: Ukufuduswa kwesixa sifuduselwa kwingxowa yomhlala-phantsi endizikhethele yona esemthethweni.
Ukuya kusebenza kwenye indawo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Iinkcukacha zonxibelelwano.txt</fn>
Olona phawu lubalulekileyo layo nayiphina INKQUBO YOKUNCEDISA UMNGCWABO / IMASTER POLICY kukuba ipolisi fanele IMELWE yinkampani ye-inshorensi enexesha elide yabhaliswa. Oku kukuqinisekisa ukuba ilungu lithenjiswa ubango olusemthethweni kwindima yesehlo (ukufa) esi-inshorishiweyo.
UMNIKAZI-POLISI / ILUNGU fanele linikwe ISIQINISEKISO SOBULUNGU. Esi siqinisekiso fanele sichaze ngokucacileyo igama lommeli (i-inshorensi); imali oyibhatala kwi-inshorensi omele ukuyihlawula; amancedo omele ukuwahlawula; iinkqubo zamabango nolunye ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nemaster policy. Imaster policy fanele ichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba umzi wabangcwabi okanye abenzeli babo abaqeshwanga ngummeli okanye i-inshorensi kwaye ngoko ke ayingabo abameli bepolisi.
Kubalulekile kubanikazi-polisi ukwazi ukuba banelungelo lokuthabatha nokuba mhlawumbi ngamancedo epolisi ngendlela yoncedo lenkonzo yomngcwabo okanye ngendlela yokuhlawulwa imali.
Isiqinisekiso fanele sichazele umNikazi-polisi / iLungu lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba i-inshorensi enjalo iqalisa nini; ingaba yintoni eyikhuselayo kwaye zintoni EZITHINTELWAYO; amaxesha okulinda njl-njl.
Luthetha uxwebhu olusemthethweni olukhutshwe ngummeli / yi-inshorensi equlathe iinkcukacha zamancedo, amaxabiso, izigqibo neemeko ibe nenombolo yepolisi ebonakala kwisiqinisekiso sobulungu bakho.
Uluntu olunobubele liziko lemali elenziwe liqela labantu abaneemfuno ezithile abanikela ngemali bayigcine kunye ukuncedisana ngemali ukulungiselela iimfuno ezithile umz. Umngcwabo. Angawona makhulu amancedo yi-R5 000. Uluntu olunobubele asiloshishini lokwenza inzala, kodwa nayiphi inzala iyenziwa kwizinikezelo zelungu elizalis imali ekwabelwana ngayo ngawo onke amalungu.
Fanele uzingise ekufumaneni esi siqinisekiso ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulilungu. Esi siqinisekiso fanele sikubonise zonke iinkcukacha zepolisi yakho.
Oku kubhekiselele kwinkampani egunyaziswe ngummeli / i-inshorensi ukuba isebenze endaweni yayo ukuthengisela wena ipolisi.
Oku kubhekiselele kuwe njengelungu elibhatala iimali ezibhatalwa kwi-inshorensi ukulungiselela amancedo abantu abonyulwe nguwe kwipolisi.
Lo ngumntu ozimeleyo othi wena njengelungu unxibelelane naye ukuba awonelisekanga yimpendulo evela kummeli. Iinkcukacha zakhe zibonisiwe kwisaziso esimiswe ngokomthetho nakwiphepha elingasemva lale ncwadana.
Ummeli /i-inshorensi iza kwenza uluhlu lweemeko okanye izifo kwinkqubo apho ukuba zikhokelela ekufeni komntu lowo ukhuselweyo kungekho mancedo anokuhlawulwa.
Q: Ingaba umele omphi ummeli?
A: Ubunqina mabunikezwe ngumntu othengisa ipolisi kwaye fanele bubekhona kwifomu yokwenza isicelo nakwisiqinisekiso sobulungu esikhutshiweyo.
A: Oku kufuna kubonakaliswe kwifomu yokwenza isicelo nakwisiQinisekiso sobuLungu.
Q: Ngubani onokumbandakanya kwipolisi?
A: Aba ngabantu abonyulwe nguwe.
Q: Ingaba ndibhatala malini?
A: Esi sisambuku oyakusibhatala kwaye sibandakanya zonke iintlawulo nemirhumo.
Q: Ingaba ndihlawula inyanga nenyanga, ngekota okanye ngonyaka?
A: Fanele uqondisise ukuba kufuneka ubhatele nini?
Q: Ingaba ndibhatala phambi kwexesha okanye ndiba semva kwexesha ngokuhlawula?
A: Fanele uqondisise ukuba fanele ubhatale ekuqaleni enyangeni (ngaphambi kwexesha) okanye ekupheleni kwenyanga okanye ube ngemva kwexesha ngokuhlawula.
Q: Ukuba ndibhatala ngekheshi ingaba ndiyayifumana irisithi?
A: Ewe, fanele ibe yirisithi esemthethweni.
A: Iimali ezibhatalwayo zinganyuka ukuba kukho amabango amaninzi ngaphantsi kwepolisi.
Q: Ingaba iimali ezibhatalwayo ze-inshorensi zimiselwe ixesha elingakanani?
Q: Ingaba le-inshorensi iqalisa nini?
Q: Ingaba ngawaphi amaxesha okulinda?
Q: Kwenzeka ntoni xangaba ukuba kubangelwe yingozi?
A: Kudla ngokuba amaxesha okulinda angasebenzi.
Q: Ingaba kukho izithintelo?
A: Awuyikuba sakukhusela kwaye ukuba uphinda uyaqalisa ukubhatala, amaxesha okulinda kwanezithintelo aza kuphinda asebenze.
Q: Ingaba i-inshorensi yomntu ngamnye iphelelwa nini?
A: Fanele ufumane isiQinisekiso sobuLungu nengcaciso yesishwankathelo sokuba ngubani okhuselweyo, isambuku esibhatalwayo, onke amaxesha okulinda nawo kuthintela.
Q: Ndingayinyusa i-inshorensi yam ngelinye ixesha?
A: Ewe, ungawanyusa amancedo kwipolisi yakho ukuba i-Master Policy iyakuvumela nangaliphi na ixesha; oku kunganyusa nemali yakho ebhatalwayo kwi-inshorensi. Izithintelo namaxesha okulinda angasebenza kunyuso loncedo.
Q: Ndenza njani ukubanga malunga nokufa?
A: Inkqubo yamabango fanele inikezelwe kuwe ngokucacileyo kwisigqibo neemeko.
Q: Ndingayirhoxisa ipolisi yam?
Q: Ingaba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ipolisi xa iyonke ishenxiselwe komnye ummeli / i-inshorensi?
A: Oku kunokwenziwa, kodwa fanele waziswe kwaye waziswe ukuba kutheni ichaphazele i-inshorensi yakho yangaphambili ngokuphathelele kuyo yonke lento ingasentla. Isiqinisekiso sobulungu obutsha fanele usikhutshelwe ngummeli omtsha / i-inshorensi. Ukuba uziva ungekho kwindawo elingene wena okanye kwindawo engcono, fanele unxibelelane nommeli okhoyo / i-inshorensi ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.
Q: Ingaba kuqhubeka ntoni ukuba ndinesikhalazo okanye umbuzo?
A: Wena okanye abantu abafumana uncedo fanele kuqala baqondise umbuzo kummeli / i-inshorensi. Ukuba awonelisekanga, ungasixela isikhalazo sakho kumntu onamava negunya lokuvakalisa izikhalazo zabantu ePalamente kwi-Inshorensi yeXesha eliDe (Long-Term Insurance) okanye kwiBhodi yeeNkonzo zeMali.
Qaphela Iinkcukacha zomntu onamava negunya lokuvakalisa izikhalazo zabantu ePlamente kunye neFSB fanele zibekhona kwisiQinisekiso sobuLungu kwaye sikwakhona nangasemva kwale ncwadana yolu lwazi.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ikomiti eququzelayo ye-AgriBEE (2005).txt</fn>
Eli xwebhu lazisa iingcebiso eziya kuMphathiswa zekomiti eququzelayo zesikhokelo se-AgriBEE esaqaliswa ngoJulayi wowe-2004. Iingcebiso ezindululweyo zisekelwe kwinkqubo nokufunyanwe kukucebisana kwiingcebiswano ezilandela ukuqaliswa kwesikhokelo se-AgriBEE. Ixwebhu lisebenza njengezikhokelo zoyilo zokuxhobisa kwicandelo. Eli phepha lamalungelo liya kupapashwa njengoMmiselo woKwenza okuLungileyo kwecandelo lezoLimo.
Inkqubo zokucebisana zokuqaliswa kwesikhokhelo se-AgriBEE saphenjelelwa ngamalungu alishumi elinesithandathu ecandelo lonke amiswe ngokobuchule bawo. Ikomiti ibambe iintlanganiso ezisixhenxe evumelana ngendlela yokuqhuba inkqubo yokucebisana, inkqubela-phambili yokongamela, ukucinga ngamagqabantshintshi onke angamashumi amahlanu afunyenweyo, ukuvumelana ngeengcebiso zomgangatho ophezulu nokusebenza ngengxelo yokugqibela eya kuMphathiswa.
Ukukhokela, ukuququzelela, nokulawula ingxoxo kwiindlela zebuchule ezingundoqo- ukuquka nokusebenzisa indlela yokusebenzisa ikhadi lamanqaku elilungelelanisiweyo; unxibelelwano loYilo lweCandelo lezoLimo kunye nezinye iziqalo zikarhulumente ezinokusetyenziswa ukuphumeza iinjongo zesiKhokelo se -AgriBEE.
Ukuchonga izikhewu ezinokubakho kuyilo lwesiKhokelo se-AgriBEE nokuqinisekisa ukucebisana okwaneleyo nokunika ingxelo koku.
Ukucinga nokwenza izindululo kwingxelo efanelekileyo, ukongamela nokuvavanya izixokelelwano zePhepha lamaLungelo ezoLimo ezihambisana noMthetho wokuXhobisa uQoqosho obubanzi oluSekelwe kwabaMnyama nokuthathela ingqalelo ukuntsonkotha kweCandelo lezoLimo eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukulungisa iingxelo zexesha eliphakathi zengqalelo yoMphathiswa ngokwenyanga kunye nengxelo yokugqibela kumsebenzi wayo nakokufunyenweyo ekupheleni kwexesha lomsebenzi. Ingxelo yokugqibela iya kwaziswa kwiNtlanganiso yeCandelo.
Inkqubo yokucebisana ijolise kulimo olucwangcisiweyo (lokuqala nolwesibini) nakumashishini anxulumeneyo. Ukwabelana ngezimvo neengcinga kwabantu abahlukeneyo abafana nabasebenzi, ulutsha, abafazi namaqela akhubazekileyo kwabanjwa kumdla omnye wezolimo. Iphondo liqalisole laza labamba ukucebisana kwabantu abaninzi abangaphandle kwezolimo olucwangcisiweyo.
I-AgriBEE isebenza kumxokelelwano wexabiso wonkewecandelo lezoLimo emzantsi afrika ukuquka imisebenzi yoqoqosho enxulumene nolungiselelo longeniso lwezolimo, iinkonzo, ulimo ukulungiswa, ulwabiwo, ulungiselelo nemisebenzi emanyeneyo eyongeza ixabiso kwiimveliso zezolimo.
Ukungenana phakathi kwamaPhepha amaLungelo namaPhepha amaLungelo eCandelo kusetyenzwa ngako ngokwemiMiselo yokwenza okuLungileyo.
Okwezizwe ezininzi neminye imicimbi enxulumeneyo okanye efanelekileyo kusetyenzwa ngayo ngokwemiMiselo yoKwenza okuLungileyo yakutsha-nje (eza kupapashwa).
UMthetho nguMthetho wama-53 wowe-2003 wokuXhobisa uQoqosho obubanzi oluSekelwe kwabaMnyama.
Ezolimo kubhekiswa kuyo yonke imisebenzi yoqoqosho enxulumene nemveliso kunye nokulungiswa kwezolimo kwiingeniso zefama ezilungisiweyo, kulimo, kukongezwa kwexabiso kude kuye kumxhasi.
I-AgriBEE liphepha lamalungelo enguquko yecandelo njengoko ichaziwe kuMthetho wama-53 wowe-2003 wokuXhobisa uQoqosho obubanzi oluSekelwe kwabaMnyama.
URhwebo-limo kubhekiswa kwintlanganisela yoRhwebo loLimo olumisiweyo noRhwebo loshishino-limo olumisiweyo.
I-CASP ithetha iNkqubo yokuXhasa ezoLimo ngokuBanzi.
Urhwebo luthetha umntu/abantu abenza ishishini, urhwebo okanye ubuchule kwiRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika. Ngaphandle kokuba imeko ibonisa uRhwebo ngaphandle kokunyinwa, uRhwebo plukhethiweyo kunye noRhwebo olumanyeneyo.
URhwebo loLimo olumisiweyo luthetha abanye nabanye, amaqela, umanyano lwamashishini okanye iinkampani ezibandakanyeka kwimveliso yezolimo yokuqala kwaye kubalasele ulawulo lwabamhlophe, ubunini nolawulo lwesakhiwo.
URhwebo loshishino-limo olumisiweyo abanye nabanye, amaqela, umanyano lwamashishini okanye iinkampani ezibandakanyeka ckwimisebenzi yezolimo yesibini nenxulumeneyo kwaye kubalasele kubalasele ulawulo lwabamhlophe, ubunini nolawulo lwesakhiwo.
Ukufumana kubhekisele kuzo zonke iinkcitho zokufunyanwa kwempahla kunye/okanye iinkonzo ukuquka inkunzi yenkcitho kodwa ngaphandle kwenkcitho engenangqiqo.
Inkcitho engenangqiqo ibhekiselele apho inkampani ingenanketho yokumisela apho imveliso okanye inkonzo ingafunyanwa khona, umzekelo apho kukho urhwebo lwendalo (amanzi nombane), apho iintshukumo zoshishino zinesiphumo sorhwebo olungagqibelelanga (iinkozo), iimpahla ezingeniswa elizweni okanye apho umxhobisi enyakathiswa ngokuphathelele kumgaqo wehlabathi ngezizathu zobuchule (kodwa ingezozizathu zorhwebo) okanye , iintlawulo zonke zeenkonzo ezenziwe ngamanye amalungu eqela.
ICandelo: Uluntu lwezolimo komxokelelwano wexabiso lilonke loshishino lwezolimo nolukaRhulumente.
Ulutsha abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-14 -35 njengoko kuchaziwe kuMthetho weKomishini woLutsha weSizwe 19 wowe-1996.
Iinkcazelo kumthetho weBBBEE (53 wama- 2003) kunye nemiMiselo yoKwenza okuLungileyo njengoko ipapashiwe liSebe loRhwebo namaShishini ziya kuvunywa kwiimeko apho ingcaciso ngokuphathelele kwiinkcazelo zifunwa. Bhekiselela kwiSahluko 8 KWIINCAZELO ZAMAGAMA.
Nokuphucula ukufikelela kunokukhuphela imali ukuxhotyiswa koqoqosho lwabamnyama.
Ukuxhobisa uluntu lwasemaphandleni nolwasekhaya ukuba lufikelele kwimisebenzi yoqoqosho lwezolimo, kumhlaba, kumaziko akhoyo ezolimo, kubunini nakwizakhono.
Ezi zalathisi zisebenza kuwo onke amashishini/kurhwebo kwicandelo lezolimo ngaphandle kweSMME eya kubenza phantsi kolawulo olwahlukeneyo njengoko luninikwe ngumMiselo wokwenza okuLungileyo weSMME.
Ngokuhambisana noYilo lobuChule lezoLimo loMzantsi Afrika In imbono yeli lungu kukwandisa ukufikelela okulinganayo nokuthatha inxaxheba kumathuba ezolimo kumxokelelwano wexabiso uwonke; nokuphelisa ubuhlanga bomhlaba nobunini borhwebo kunye nokukhulula amandla akhoyo orhwebo apheleleyo kwicandelo.
Ngokwembali, ukutolikwa kobunini kwezolimo bebuqondwa ngokuxhomekeke kubunini bomhlaba. Esi sikhokelo se-AgriBEE senza umahluko phakathi kobunini bomhlaba nobunini borhwebo.
I-AgriBEE ibalulekile/sisiseko kukukhula kwexesha elide nakukhuphiswano lwecandelo lezolimo. Imisebenzi ye-AgriBEE neenkqubo kufuneka ekugqibeleni zikhokele ekudaleni urhwebo olunokwenzeka nolunokugcinakala kwicandelo lezolimo.
Ababandakanyekayo/ abantu kwicandelo baya kusebenzela ukuphuhlisa nokuzalisekisa ukwahlukana kwemifuziselo yobunini borhwebo ukuxhasa i- AgriBEE.
Onke amacandelo wababandakanyekayo kufuneka ezame ukunika imali eyaneleyo ukuze kuqinisekswe ukumiswa korhwebo olunokwenzeka nolunokugcinwa.
Ukuqhubela phambili ukuthatha inxaxheba yabaMnyama kurhwebo olutsha nolukhoyo ngomdla olinganayo. Oku kuquka ukwabelana ngokulinganayo uyilo kunye nezinye iindlela zamalinge ahlangeneyo nabasebenzi basefama kunye nabanye abarhwebi abaMnyama.
Imali eyongezelelweyo namanqaku okuthengisa (ubunini, intengiso yeempahla, ixabiso elilinganayo lentsalela namalungelo okuvota) ziya kusetyenziselwa ukuqhubela phambili ubunini babaMnyama kwicandelo lezolimo.
Ukuthengisa iimpahla zoshishino-limo kubarhwebi abaMnyama kwiintengiselwano ezichaziweyo. Intengiselwanoechazayo ekugqibeleni iya kuba nesiphumo ekudaleni ushishino olugciniweyo kunye/okanye amathuba oshishini lwabarhwebi abaMnyama nasekugqithiseni izakhono ezithile kunye/okanye ubuchule bokuvelisa kubarhwebi abaMnyama.
Ukuzalisekisa yonke imithetho namanye amanyathelo akhoyo kuye ukuququzelela ubunini.
Kubalulekile ukusebenza ngokufanelekiyo ngokulungiswa komhlaba ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwasemaphandleni kunye nengqiniseko yorhwebo. Inkqubo yokuxhobisa uqoqosho kwezolimo zaseMzantsi Afrika iqala ngokufikelela okuphuculweyo kumhlaba nokugunyazisa amalungelo engqesho akhuselekileyo kubantu nakwiindawo apho ezi zinto zingekhoyo.
Into ekujoliswe kuyo emiswe ngurhulumente kuKulungiswa/kuHlaziywa koMhlaba ngama- 30% zomhlaba wezolimo wezorhwebo (oko kukuthi ngaphambili ' umhlaba wasefama worhwebo labaMhlophe') ngowama- 2014, kwaye oku yinto ekujoliswe kuyo yiRDP emiselweyo kwaye evunywe ngabo bonke ababandakanyekayo ukususela kowe-1994.
Ukusetyenziwa kwezolimo okugciniweyo nokunemveliso komhlaba wezolimo kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngokwemigaqo yezolimo efanelekileyo kunye neMithetho. Izifundo kufuneka zenziwe ukunika isiseko senzululwazi esizimeleyo kuphuhliso lomhlaba (bhekiselela kwakho kuMthetho woLawulo loButyebi obuGciniweyo).
Ukuthengisela abarhwebi abaMnyama umhlaba wezolimo kwiintengiselwano ezisekelwe kurhwebo kwisiseko sokuzithandela (Ubunini).
Ukongeza kukuthengiswa komhlaba wezolimo ishishini elimisiweyo lizimisele ukuukuqeshisa umhlaba wezolimo kwiintengiselwano ezichaziweyo. Intengiselwano echaziweyo ekugqibeleni iya kuba nesiphumo ekudaleni ushishino olugciniweyo kunye/okanye amathuba oshishini lwabarhwebi abaMnyama nasekugqithiseni izakhono ezithile kunye/okanye ubuchule bokuvelisa kubarhwebi abaMnyama (Uphuhliso lorhwebo).
Ukongeza kukuthengiswa nasekuqeshiseni ngomhlaba wezolimo ushishini olumisiweyo luzimisele ukunika abasebenzi basefama umhlaba wezolimo okhoyo (Ukuxhobisa ezentlalo kubo bonke).
Ukuphucula ulawulo olugciniweyo nokusetyenziswa kobutyebi bendalo.
Ukuphucula ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabafazi abamnyama kwizikhundla zebhodi nezolawulo lokuphatha.
Ukuphucula ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabantu abamnyama njengamalungu eBhodi engelosebe lambuso elizimeleyo ukulungela amagqaku emali eyongezelelweyo.
Izijoliso zengqesho elinganayo nezophuhliso lwezakhono kufuneka ziphunyelelwe kumda wemithetho yeNgqesho eLinganayo neyoPhuhliso lweZakhono.
Ukuqesha ngokukhutheleyo abantu abakhubazekileyo abanezakhono ezifanelekileyo nolutsha ukulungela amanqaku emali eyongeziweyo.
Iinguquko ezikhawulezileyo kwimeko-bume yehlabathi zifuna ukuba ubutyebi obuthe kratya bushukunyiswe ngokwandisa umgalelo wenkunzi yabantu ekhoyo ngokuzalisa imali kubantu, kwingqesho elinganayo, kuphuhliso lwezakhono nenguquko kumaziko. Ukwenzeka korhwebo kwezolimo kufuna ukuchuma okugciniweyo kunye nemigangatho ephezulu yorhwebo, ukuzibophelela kwexesha elide, ubutyebi nezakhono. Phantsi kweli candelo kuya kujoliswa kumaqela anyuliweyo afana nolutsha, abafazi nabantu abakhubazekileyo.
Ukunika imfundo yokuqala nokuqeqesha. Oku kuquka ukuqeqeshwa kokufunda nokubhala. Urhulumente kunye namalungu alwulayo amaziko emfundo kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezifanayo kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba ubulunga karhulumente buya nikwa ngawo onke amaziko omgangatho wokuqala, wesibini nowesithathu.
Uqeqesho lwezolimo kwizikolo neekholeji zezolimo kufuneka zijolise kwiimfuno zezinto zokuxhobisa uqoqosho lwabamnyama kwezolimo.
Ukuphucula ezolimo njengenkqubela-phambili yobomi kwaye ngowama-2005 kuya kuhlolwa imfuno efanelekileyo yobutyebi babantu kwicandelo lezolimo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuquka inani elikhulu labantu abamnyama kwicandelo njengombindi woomahlulelane abanobuchule kwiimbono zorhwebo zamazwe angaphesheya zikarhulumente, uncedo lobugcisa, utyelelo lokufunda namathuba oqeqesho.
Ubuchule bomsebenzi kufuneka buphuculwe kwaye bukhuthazwe ngeenkqubo zika-ABET.
Ukumisa icandelo- ingqesho yobuchule yabasebatsha ebanzi kunye nenkqubo yokucebisa ejolise kwabangaphangeliyo abaMnyama kunye nabanezidanga abangaqashwanga ngokwaneleyo kuzo zonke izifundo ukuqalela ngowama- 2005. Iinkqubo zokucebisa ziya kuqinisekiswa yiSETA efanelekileyo okanye elinye igunya elivumelekileyo.
Ukuzinzisa iinkqubo zoqeqesho zabasebenzi basezifama nabezorhwebo kwizakhono ezifanelekileyo zobugcisa nezolawulo.
Ukuxhasa ababuyiselwe umhlaba kunye nabarhwebi abaMnyama ukudala ushishino olugciniweyo ngokugqithisa izakhono ezizodwa kwiinkqubo zokucebisa ezichaziweyo.
Ukuchonga izinto ezibalulekileyo nokujolisa kubarhwebi abaMnyama neenkampani ukubanika iithenda nekhontraki ngecandelo labantu.
Urhulumente usebenzisa yonke imithetho kunye namanye amanyathelo akhoyo kuye ukuphembelela ukuphunyezwa kweenjongo zeBBBEE.
Iinkonzo zenkxaso ezifana nokufikelela kwimali, kumaziko akhoyo, kulwazi ziintsika ezingundoqo zeziqalo zokuxhobisa ezigciniweyo.
Ukuqeshisa umhlaba wezolimo kubarhwebi abamnyama ngeentengiselo ezichaziweyo.
Izindlu ezikumgangatho olungileyo ukuquka nokufikelela kumanzi acocekileyo, ezococeko nombane.
Iindawo zolonwabo kunye neendleko kule meko.
Ezempilo neenkonzo ezinxulumeneyo.
Ukufezekisa iimfuno zothutho zabasebenzi kunye nabaxhomekeke kubo njengezothutho ukuya ekliniki nasezibhedlele, ukuthutha iimveliso zabasebenzi ukuya emarikeni, njalo njalo.
Ukuzalisekisa uyilo lokungcwaba nelokunika umhlala-phantsi.
Ukuxhobisa nokuxhasa izikolo zasefama.
Ukuzibandakanya kwiminikelo yabo bonke kuphuhliso lwentlalo neziqalo ezithile zoshishino.
Ukwenza umhlaba wezolimo ubekho kubasebenzi basezifama.
Amancedo emfundo oluntu; iinkqubo zemfundo ezijolise ekuphuculeni ushishino lwezolimo kwimali enikelwa imfundo nemali efunyanwa ngokufundayo ukukhuthaza abafundi ukuba bafunde iinzululwazi ngezolimo.
Iinkqubo zoqeqesho zoluntu ezijolise ekuphuhliseni izakhono kwabangaphangeliyo naku-ABET.
Iinkqubo zokuphuhlisa ulutsha namanye amaqela anyuliweyo.
Iinkqubo kumaphulo olondolozo , iinkqubo zokucoca zoluntu nezokulondoloza ummandla wendalo.
Iinkqubo zokudala amathuba emisebenzi kwezolimo nekwicandelo elinxulumene nezolimo elingaphandle koshishino.
Iinkqubo zophuhliso zokuphuhlisa isiphiwo esitsha kubugcisa nenkcubeko.
Iikliniki zoluntu neenkqubo zempilo zoluntu.
Iinkqubo zokuphuhlisa ezemidlalo.
Xa kuvunyelwene kwizikhokelo ze-AgriBEE nekhadi lamanqaku ecandelo lithathiwe ixesha lolungiselelo liya kufuneka ukuququzelela ukuzalisekiswa kuyo yonke imigangatho imigangatho yephondo, kumacandelwana nemigangatho yasekhaya nokugqibezela iinkcukacha zeemfuno ngabadlali bonke.
Ukuzalisekiswa kufuneka luphele kwiminyaka emibini nowama-2007 njengonyaka wokuqala wokuthobela xa zonke izalathisi ziya kulinganiswa ngokupheleleyo. Unyaka wama-2007 ucetyiswa kuba wenzeka ngexesha elinye nonyaka wobalo wezolimo. Uya kuvumela amanyathelo angekafakwa kwaye ahlanganiswe kulwazi lwesizwe. Ngoko unyaka wama-2005 kufuneka uthathwe njengonyaka womlinganiselo obonisa apho icandelo likhona ngokuphathelele kwikhadi lamanqaku.
Ixesha leminyaka elishumi lekhadi lamanqaku le-AgriBEE ngoko lisuka kowama-2007 ukuya kuma-2017. Iminyaka emibini ephakathi kwangoku nowama- 2007 kufuneka ithathwe njengexesha lokwenza inguqulelo.
ISebe ligunyazise uyilo lokuzalisekiswa olubanzi oluya kuhlanganisa ubuchule bonxibelelwano obubanzi obugqalisele kwiindawo zasemaphandleni.
Kuxwebhu lesikhokelo ukonganyelwa kweBEE ebanzi esekelweyo nemimiselo yokwenza okulungileyo kumiselwa kuMthetho wama-2003 wokuXhobisa uQoqosho oluBanzi oluSekelwe kwabaMnyama.
Iziko ngalinye kwicandelo lithembisa ukubhengeza ngokupheleleyo nokunika ingxelo Ingengxelo yalo yonyakan, inkqubela-phambili ekuphumezeni izibophelelo. Ingxelo yonyaka yokuqala enjalo iyakuba yeyonyaka-mali yowama-2005.
Iindawo ezizodwa zengxelo ziya kuquka onke amalungu asixhenxe ekhadi lamanqaku.
Amaziko okongamela nawokuvavanya aya kuzinziselwa ukugqalisela kwimilinganiselo , kukufana kwemilinganiselo kunye namaxesha amisiweyo afanelekileyo. Apho kungekho lwazi lusisiseko oluthembekileyo izalathisi zemilinganiselo kufuneka kuvunyelwane ngazo. Kufuneka kumiswe inkqubo enxulumanisa imilinganiselo ye-AgriBEE kumaxesha obalo ukuze kuthathwe imilinganiselo efunekayo kumanani esizwe. IBhunga kunye necandelo le-AgiBEE le- DoA ziya kwenza ulongamelo.
IBhunga liya kumiswa njengelungu elizimleleyo ngegunya lokongamela ukuzalisekiswa kwephepha lamalungelo.
IBhunga liya kulungisa imibandela yomthetho-siseko ingakumbi ukwenza uhlolo nokuthatha izigqibo; kunye ukuba kukho zinto zenguquko kwiimeko okanye kwimeko bume apho iphepha lamalungelo kufuneka lizalisekisiwe, liya kucinga okokuba izinto ekujoliswe kuzo nobuchule bokuzalisekiswa ziseyimfuneko kwaye ukuba akunjalo zingaguquguqulwa njani.
Kuya kubakho ukulingana phakathi kwabameli bemibutho yoshishino kunye mabanye bonke kwiBhunga. IBhunga kufuneka libonakalise ngobulungisa imidla yabameli bonke bemibutho.
Izigqibo zeBhunga ziya kuthathwa ngemvumelwano. Ukuba kumcimbi othile iBhunga alikwazi kufika kwimvumelwano kuya kubakho indlela yokusombulula impikiswano kwiBhunga ngendlela yokuvumelana okanye ngokubhekisa kumlamli.
Izinto ekujoliswe kuzo kufuneka zihlolwe qho kwiminyaka emithathu kwaye amanyathelo okulungisa asetyenziswe kunyaka wobalo olandelayo. Uhlolo namanyathelo okulungisa kufuneka zizingile kwixesha leminyaka emi-3, 2010, 2013, 2016 zinxulunyaniswe namaxesha obalo kwixesha le- AgriBEE leminyaka eli-10.
Uvavanyo olubanzi kufuneka kufuneka lwenziwe mva kwiminyaka emihlanu ngowama-2012 ize olunye lwenziwe kunyaka wowama-2017.
Kusekelwe kwiintshukumo/kumandla oqoqosho amabini kwicandelo inkqubo ehlangeneyo kufuneka ibe mbaxa ngamaqela empahla yorhwebo/ ngamashishini kunye namaphondo neNGOs/CBOs.
Uyilo lwempahla yorhwebo/ ushishino noyilo lozalisekiso oluhlangeneyo aqalisiwe kwaye avavanyiwe. Inkqubela-phambili icotha kakhulu ngenxa yeentshukumo ezimbaxa kwaye ezizodwa kwiqela ngalinye. Inkqubo kufuneka yamkelwe ukomeleza inkqubo esele iqalisiwe.
abantu abamnyama abakhubazekileyo kuthetha abantu abamnyama abakwanelisa yonke imilinganiselo yenkcazelo 'zabantu' abakhubazekileyo abachazwe kumhlathi 5.
abangeni abatsha abamnyama kuthetha abaThathi-nxaxheba abamnyama (ukuquka ngaphandle kokunyina, abaThathi-nxaxheba abamnyama kuYilo loBunini obubanzi obuSekelweyo) abanesambuku esigqithileyo kwi-5% yamaLungelo okuVota apheleleyo kunye neNzala yoQoqosho kuRhwebo oluLinganisiweyo olugqiba iintengiselwano ezifanayo kulo naluphi urhwebo elikwisambuku esinexabiso elongezelekayo elisi-R20,000,000.
Uyilo loBunini obubanzi obuSekelweyo kuthetha umntu ongumqondisi-mthetho, itrasti okanye umbutho wabantu womthetho ongabhalwangaabanembono yokuququzelela ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabemi ababodwa kwiinzuzo ezivela kubunini bolungiselelo okanye kwingeniso yeNzala yamashishini angenanzala imiselweyo kumashishini/kwishishini.
uRhwebo/shishini kuthetha umntu/abantu abenamashishini , urhwebo okanye ubuchule kwiRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika.
Inzala yezabelo sisigama sengqokelela elibhekise kwilungelo loMthathi-nxaxheba ukuba afumane iNzala yoQoqosho kwaye asebenzise amalungelo okuVota kuRhwebo ukuba ngaba kungokwamalungiselelo emihlathi 9 - 13 eqhubela phambili ukunika inkcazelo kwisimo seNzala yamashishini emiselweyo kuRhwebo/shishini ngaphandle kwenkampani eyabelana ngenkunzi, loo malungiselelo kufuneka kunye nale nkcazelo ngokunxulumene naloo mashishini.
amaLungelo okuVota asebenzisekayo kuthetha iLungelo lokuVota loMthathi-nxxaxheba elisebenziseka ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokunyinwa kwelo lungelo.
Ilungu loshishino kuthetha icandelo labucala olusekelwe kuMenzeli wesiQinisekiso selungu loshishino eliphucula ukuphuhliswa nokugcinwa komgangatho ophezulu kunye neenkonzo zesiqinisekiso zeBEE ezithembekileyo ngobuchule bemfundo noqeqesho, iingcebiso zokwenza okubalaseleyo kweemethodi zenkqubo yoshishino, ukuphucula indlela yokuziphatha kushishino, ukuzalisekiswa kwenkqubo yezikhalazo yoshishino ngokubanzi efanelekileyo, iindlela zokwenza uqeqesho ezinobuchule, ukuzibandakanya okuzingileyo kwisiseko soshishino ngokubanzi kuzalisekiso kunye nophuhliso oluzingileyo lweMigangatho yokuQinisekisa kunye nentsebenziswano ezingileyo eyakhayo norhulumente kwaye eyamkelwe nguMphathiswa.
Intengiselwano echazayo kuthetha intengiso yeshishini kunye/okanye iimpahla ezisuka kuShishino oluLinganisiweyo ziye kuShishino oluManyeneyo. Intengiselwano echazayo ayiqukwa phantsi kweLungu loPhuhliso loShishino lwekhadi lamanqaku Jikelele.
Imigangatho yesiQinisekiso kuthetha ubuncinane bemigangatho efunywayo kuBenzeli besiQinisekiso ukuze baqinisekise kwaye kugazethwe nguMpathiswa ngokuphathelele kwigatya 14 loMthetho.
iLungelo lokuVota ngokunxulumene nelungu leBhodi libhekiselele kumgangatho wokuphatha osetyenziswa nguloo mntu kwizigqibo zeBhodi.
3% Teli candelo liquka iinkqubo zokucebisa abasebenzi basezifama kunye nabarhwebi bezolimo abamnyama.
ngonyaka 9 nowe- 10 Ukuqeshisa umhlaba okanye impahla yenkunzi kwixesha elide 3% Ukuqeshisa ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5 Ilungu elishiyekileyo 10% Ukongezeleka okuchazwa ngumnikelo wokuphuhlisa ezentlalo neziqalo ezizodwa zoshishino kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo kwi-avareji yengeniso phambi kwerhafu nenzala kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulalayo okanye i-10% lomhlaba lenziwe lakho kubasebenzi basezifama.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ikopi yeNcwadana 1.txt</fn>
Thetha ulwimi lwakho. Lilungelo lakho.
IiNkonzo zokuTolika ngoMnxeba zaseMzantsi Afrika (TISSA) linyathelo lokuqala leSebe lobuGcisa neNkcubeko ukuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kolwimi lwakho lokuzalwa.
Ingaba luhlobo luni lwenkonzo olunikezwayo?
I-TISSA inikeza inkonzo yokutolika ngomnxeba ukuba zifumaneke ngokulula iinkonzo zikarhulumente kubo bonke abahlali.
Kutheni iTISSA inikeza ngale nkonzo?
I-TISSA yandisa amalungelo okuphuhliswa kolwimi nokuxhasa ukusetyenziswa zonke iilwimi zemveli ezisemthethweni.
Ingaba uluntu lungacela iinkonzo zikarhulumente ngolwimi lokuzalwa?
Ewe, ukubangaba lolunye leelwimi zemveli ezisemthethweni.
Ingaba ukuthetha ngeminwe zizithulu kubandakanyiwe?
Ewe, abantu abazizithulu bafumanainkonzo efanayo njengaye nawuphina umntu ovayo. Iziza zikumaziko esizwe amakhulu.
Ingaba inkonzo isebenza njani?
Inkonzo inikeza itoliki ezakuthi itolike isicelo sakho. Iziko lokutsalela lolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele lwenziwe ukuqinisekisa isicelo sakho ukuba sitolikiwe, siqondiwe kwaye siphethwe ngendlela encamisa umxhelo kuwe.
Imiqondiso kwi-ofisi zikarhulumente ziza kubonisa ukuba iinkonzo zokutolika ziyanikezwa.
Ukuba i-ofisi karhulumente ayiwubonisi umqondiso weTISSA, ingaba ndisenakho ukusenza isicelo?
Ewe, ungacela inkonzo ngaphandleni okokuba igosa liyakwazi ukuba isetyenziswa kanjani.
Itoliki eqeqesheke kakuhle ingakunceda kwaye negosa likarhulumente ukuba libe nolwazi oluthe ngqo.
Unelungelo lokuthetha ulwimi lwakho. Urhulumente uza kukuncedisa ukuvala naziphina izikhewu zothungelwano.
Thetha ulwimi lwakho, lilungelo lakho.
Inkonzo yokutolika ngomnxeba ifumaneka apha.
Utoliko ngomnxeba kufumaneka apha.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ikopi yeNcwadana 2.txt</fn>
Thetha ulwimi lwakho. Lilungelo lakho.
Ingaba luhlobo luni lwenkonzo olunikezwayo?
I-TISSA inikeza inkonzo yokutolika ngomnxeba eza kwenza ukuba kubekho unxibelelwano phakathi kukarhulumente noluntu kusetyenziswa iilwimi zemveli ezisemthethweni ukuze kufumaneke iinkonzo zikarhulumente.
Kutheni iTISSA inikeza ngale nkonzo?
Nge-TISSA, urhulumente ufezekisa igunya loMgaqo Siseko ngokuthatha amanyathelo alungileyo nasebenzayo ukuphuhlisa nokunyusa iilwimi zemveli ezisemthethweni.
Ingaba uluntu lungacela iinkonzo zikarhulumente ngolwimi lokuzalwa?
Ewe, ukubangaba lolunye leelwimi zemveli ezisemthethweni.
Ingaba ukuthetha ngeminwe zizithulu kubandakanyiwe?
Ewe, abantu abazizithulu babandakanyiwe kwinkonzo yeTISSA. Baza kufumana inkonzo efanayo njengaye nawuphina umntu ovayo, eKapa, eRhawutini, eThekwini nasePolokwane.
Ingaba inkonzo isebenza njani?
Ukuba umhlali kunye nomsebenzi karhulumente abaqondani ngeelwimi zabo, igosa likarhulumente lingatsalela iziko lokutsalela leTISSA.
Kwiziko lokutsalela, igcisa leminxeba liza kunxulumanisa igosa likarhulumente nomhlali kwitoliki ekwaziyo ukuthetha iilwimi ezo zombini.
Igosa likarhulumente liza kubanomnxeba onemiqheba yemfonomfono emibini ukuze yena nomhlali babenako ukumamela itoliki.
Itoliki ke iza kutolikela aba bantu bobabini. Oku kungathatha imizuzwana embalwa.
Imiqondiso kwi-ofisi zikarhulumente iza kubonisa ukuba iinkonzo zokutolika ziyanikezwa.
Ukuba i-ofisi karhulumente ayiwubonisi umqondiso weTISSA, ingaba ndisenakho ukusenza isicelo?
Hayi, inkonzo ifumaneka kuphela kwiziza ezinomqondiso weTISSA. Nangona kunjalo, iziza ezininzi ziza kubandakanywa kwixesha elizayo.
Ingaba inkonzo iza kundinceda kanjani?
Iza kudlala indima enkulu ekuphuhliseni amalungelo olwimi lwakho, kananjalo namalungelo oluntu eMzantsi Afrika.
Kwakhona iza kudlala indima enkulu ekunyuseni nasekusetyenzisweni kweelwimi zemveli ezisemthethweni kunye nokuthetha ngeminwe kwezithulu.
Uza wukwazi ukufumana iinkonzo zikarhulumente ngolwimi lwakho.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ilizwi lakho malivakale (2005).txt</fn>
ISebe: Umahlulelane wengomso.
Umasipala wasekhaya iMatjhabeng kunye neekomiti zamacandelo aphantsi kolawulo lwakhe anike amava axabiseke kunene kunye nezifundo le ncwadi yesikhokelo eyakhelwe phezu kwazo. Umcebisi wase-Australia uMs Pauline Peel usebenze kunye neGosa loManyano loLuntu uMnumzana George Moahloli kunye neSithethi sikaMasipala uMnumzana TV Matsepe iiveki ezili-10 befuna uhlobo lwezinto ezinokuthi zandise ukuthatha inxaxheba ngeekomiti zamacandelo. Amalungu eekomiti zamacandelo ngokwawo ebebandakanyiwe kumxholo noyilo lwale ncwadi yesikhokelo.
Sithanda kwakho ukubulela iNkqubo kaRhulumente waseKhaya yoKomeleza yeGTZ ngokwenza le ncwadi yesikhokelo.
UMphathiswa wooRhulumente bamaPhondo nabaseKhaya.
Xa sasisazisa isixokelelwano esitsha soorhulumente basekhaya ngowama-2000 sakubeka ngokuchanekileyo oku njengendawo karhulumente ebekwe ngcono ukunika intsingiselo ebambekayo nondoqo kukuzibophelele okusiseko ngokwezepolitiko , ukuba Abantu Baya kuLawula. Sathi kubantu bethu ngoorhulumente basekhaya , sihlangene sonke siya kuzisa idemokrasi apho uhlala khona. Kwingqiqo yethu karhulumenyte wasekhaya siyibeke embindini wikulungisa imiceli-mngeni esisiseko yeseziswe efana nokuphuhliso olunganelanga, ukungabikho kwemisebenzi, ukuma nobuhlwempu.
Iikomiti zamacandelo eziphantsi komasipala ezisandul' ukuyilwa zidla indima ebalulekileyo ekuphumeleleni oku kungasental. Zisisakhiwo zabameli boluntu kunyenabemi kufuneka bexelele umasipala malunga nolangazelelo, amandla akhoyo kunye neengxaki zabantu. Kufuneka bavale umsantsa ngokuququzelela unxibelelwano olululo phakathi kwebhunga nabemi ababameleyo. Umthetho worhulumente basekhaya unika ukuzinziswa kweekomiti zamacandelo eziya kusebenza njengomlinganiselo ocacisa isixokelelwano sikarhulumente wethu kuluntu. Iikomiti zamacandelo zinendima ebalulekileyo eziyidlalayo ekuthatheni inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kunye nokumisela inkqubo kamasipala engundoqo efananenkubo yoYilo loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo, inkqubo yebhajethi kamasipala nenkqubo yolawulo lokwenziwa ngumasipala. Ngaphandle kwazo isixokelelwano sethu sedemokresi kunye nophuhliso loorhulumente basekhaya akunakuthiwa similisele phakathi kwabantu.
Iikomiti zamacandelo zimiselwe kumacandelo angaphezulu kwama-80%. Ezi komiti zamacandelo ngamandla okusebenza ahlukeneyo. Ngokuthathela ingqalelo kwiwonga lemisebenzi eekomiti zamacandelo kunye nomsebenzi wokumisela ulungelelwaniso neekomiti eziseleyo siya kwandisa uncedo lobumi kubantu abaninzi.
Le ncwadi yesikhokelo ijolise ekunikeni amacebiso aluncedo kunye nesikhokelo sokulawula iikomiti zamacandelo. Iikomiti ziya kuba nakho ukuthatha inxaxheba kakhulu kukwenziwa kwezigqibo liBhunga ukuba ezi komiti zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Inyathelo 16: Ingaba yeyiphi inkxaso umasipala alunika iikomiti zamacandelo?
Inyathelo 17: Yintoni uYilo loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo?
Kufuneka simelaneni kwemeko efanayo kuludwe olupheleleyo lwemicimbi ethile ebalulekileyo efana nokuphuculwa kokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo nokomeleza oorhulumente basekhaya ukuquka neekomiti zamacandelo.
Okumaluleke kakhulu koku kuya kuba yimfuneko yethu ukuba siqinisekise ukuba oorhulumente basekhaya neekomiti zamacandelo ahlangana njalo kwaye asebenza njengoko kuhleliwe
ELULUNCEDO! Le ncwadi yesikhokelo inika iingcebiso eziluncedo, iingcinga ezibambekayo nesikhokelo sokulawula iikomiti zamacandelo. Iikomiti ziya kuba nakho ukuthatha inxaxheba kakhul ekwenzeni izigqibo zeBhunga. Ngoko le ncwadi yesikhokelo iya kwandisa ekugqibeleni ukuthatha inxaxheba koluntu ekwenzeni zigqibo ezenziwa ngamabhunga nomasipala. Incwadi yesikhokelo yenzekwe ukunika amalunga ebhunga namalungu ekomiti yamacandelo uludwe lwamanyathelo amakenziwe xa esebenza kwiikomiti zawo zamacandelo.
Incwadi yesikhokelo yenzekwe ukunika amalunga ebhunga namalungu ekomiti yamacandelo uludwe lwamanyathelo amakenziwe xa esebenza kwiikomiti zawo zamacandelo.
Ukukhuthaza ukuqukwa koluntu nemibutho yoluntu kwimicimbi yoorhulumente basekhaya.
Le ncwadi yesikhokelo kufuneka ifundwe kunye neemfuno zomthetho ezifanelekileyo, neziKhokelo zeSizwe zokuZinziswa nokuSebenza kweeKomiti zamaCandelo kaMasipala, zowama-2005, kunye neNcwadi yeeNgcebiso yeKomiti yamaCandelo eSizwe (dplg kunye neGTZ 2005).
Isilumkiso: Nceda ukhumbule ngalo lonke ixesha ukuba uthathele ingqalelo ubukho kumamasipala wakho necandelo xa usebenzisa iingcinga neengcebiso ezinikwe kule Ncwadi yesikhokelo. Ezinye iingcinga ezichaziweyo zingafuna ukulungiswa kunye/okanye ukulungelelanisa ukufanela imeko ethile kamasipala wakho kunye necandelo.
Apha kukho uluhlu lokukhangelwa lweziqendawana ezibaluleke kakhulu zomthetho ekufuneka uziqondile ukuze wazi ekufuneka ukwenzile njengelungu lekomiti yecandelo. Le mithetho nezikhokelo ziya kukunceda kwakho ukuba uqonde iintlobo zezinto ezingenziwa ziikomiti zamacandelo ukunceda uluntu lwazo kunye namabhunga.
UmGaqo-siSeko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika, 1996- Isahluko 7 iGatya 152 - izinto zorhulumente wasekhaya. Oku kuya kukuxelela ngeenjongo zikarhulumente wasekhaya.
URhulumente wasekhaya: UmThetho weZakhiwo zikaMasipala, 1998- amagatya 73 nama-74.
URhulumente wasekhaya: Umthetho weziXokelelwano zikaMmasipala, 200.
IZikhokelo zeSizwe zokuZinziswa nokusebenza kweeKomti zamaCandelo kamasipala, 2005.
Izindululo eziphunyezwe ngumasipala wakho ukwazisa isixokelelwano sekomiti yamacandelo.
UmGaqo wokuthatha inxaxheba koluntu lukamasipala wakho (ukuba unawo). Lo mgaqo uya kukunceda kwaye uncede noluntu lwakho ukuba nazi indlela yokuqhagamshelana nomasipala wenu malunga nemicimbi emalulekileyo echukumisa nina.
ELULUNCEDO! Isthethi se-ofisi kumasipala wakho singakunika iikopi zemithetho yonke efanelekileyo kunye nezikhokelo.
Xa uthe wafumana ikopi yoxwebhu ngalunye ungazongeza kule ncwadi yesikhokelo.
Injongo yekomiti yecandelo kukwandisa uthabatho-nxaxheba lwedemokrasi kurhulumente wasekhaya.
Iikomiti zamacandelo yenye yeendlela okuba nelizwi kwizigqibo zikarhulumente.
ukuphakamisa imicimbi exhalabisayo yecandelo lasekhayakwilungu lebhunga lecandelo ukuba nelizwi kwizigqib, kuyilo nakumaphulo enziwa libhunga okanye umasipala enempembelelo kwicandelo.
Ilungu lebhunga lecandelo ngusihlalo wekomiti yecandelo kwaye lilungu elifunekayo lwekomiti. Isahlulo sommeli (PR) welungu lebhunga linikwa libhunga ukudlala indima ekuxhaseni amalungu ebhunga keicandelo.
Kufuneka baqukwe kwimicimbi efana nekqubo yoYilo loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo, kulawulo lokwenza lukamasipala, kwibhajethi yonyaka, kumaphulo ebhunga kunye neminye imisebenzi engundoqo neenkqubo njengoko zonke ezi zinto zinempembelelo kubantu basekhaya zingachonga kwaye ziqalise amaphulo ukuphucula ubomi babantu kwicandelo zingaxhasa amalungu ebhunga kwizisombululo zeempikiswano, ngokunika ulwazi malunga nemisebenzi kamasipala zingongamela okwenziwa ngumasipala kwaye aphakamise imicimbi exhalabisayo yecandelo yasekhaya zinganceda uluntu ngeempembelelo zengqiqo umz: inkunkuma, amanzi namanzi amdaka, ukubhatalwa kwemirhumo neentlawulo njengamalungu aalaziyo uluntu lwabo kunye nezidingo zabo.
Khumbula ukuba ilungu lebhunga lecandelokufuneka lulungelelanise okulindelwe licandelo lakhe kwaye yeqela lakhe lopolitiko. Oku kwenza indima embaxa. Kubalulekile ukuba ukuqonda oku kwaye kucace malunga nendima yelungu lebhunga lecandelo ukuze wenze ngcono indlela yokuba nelizwi lakho kwikomiti. Ukuba indima yelungu lebhunga lecandelo icacile uya kuluphepha ukhuphiswano olungafunekiyo naloo mntu kuney nempikiswano elindelekileyo.
Ilungu lebhunga iPR ifakwe kwicandelo kwaye linika inkxaso kwilungu lebhunga lecandelo kwimicimbi enxulumene necandelo okanye ikomiti yecandelo. Ilungu lebhunga iPR lingaphendula imibuzo nezikhalazo ngokucebisa nelungu lebhunga lecandelo.
kufuneka liye kwiintlanganiso , zamalungu eqela lokuvota, nakwiintlanganiso ezizodwa kufuneka lincedise ekusombululeni iimpikiswano nasekugqithisela lingancedisa ekuzalisekisweni kwamaphulo lixhase ilungu lebhunga lecandelo, kodwa akufuneki lithathe indawo yelungu lebhunga lecandelo.
Umbuzo: Ingaba ilungu lebhunga lecandelolingagunyaza ilungu lebhunga iPR ukuba libe ngusihlalo xa lingekho ilungu lebhunga lecandelo?
Impendulo: Ewe, ilungu lebhunga lecandelo lingacela ilungu lebhunga iPR ngokubhala ukuba libe ngusihlalo wentlanganiso xa lingekho. Akukho mali evunyelweyo yesekela-sihalo phantsi komthetho.
Amalungu ekomiti ecandelo anyulwa licandelo lawo ukuba amele iimbono zabantu. Adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuhlaleni.
ukunceda ilungu lebhunga ukuba ekucebisaneni nabantu abanemali kumcimbi othile kwaye lisebenzi noomahlulelane kuluntu ukunceda umsebenzi wekomiti yecandelo ukuzibandakanya kwiziganeko zoluntu umz: kwimingcwabo nemisebenzi yenkcubeko. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu njengoko kubonisa ukukhathalela uluntu nokuqonda imicimbi yoluntu.
Umbuzo: Ingaba kukho naluphi uqeqesho lwamalungu eekomiti zamacandelo kunye namalungu ebhunga amacandelo?
Impendulo: Ewe. Umasipala wakho kufuneka ebonelele ngoqeqesho lokungeniswa esikhundleni lwamalungiu onke eekomiti zamacandelo kwaye uncede ekulungiseleni uqeqesho ukuquka nezakhono zokunobhala, ukubhala ingxelo, ukusombulula impikiswano, ubunkokheli, imisebenzi kamasipala nebhajethi.
Umbuzo: Ingaba iikomiti zamcandelo ziyaphendula kumaqela ezopolitiko?
Impendulo: Hayi. Iikomiti zamacandelo azixhomekekanga kumaqela opolitiko. Lo ngumthetho. Iikomiti zamacandelo zenzelwe ukumela abantu bonke ngokubanzi kuluntu lwakho, ungameli iqela elinye lezopolitiko.
Impendulo: Hayi. Izigqibo ezenziwa zikomiti zamacandelo azizozibophelelo ezisemthethweni kwibhunga nakumasipala. Kodwa ngenxa yokuzibophelela kuthatho-nxaxheba loluntu, iimbono zeekomioti zamacandelo siya kunikwa ingqalelo ngondiliseko.
Umbuzo: Ingaba iikomiti zamacandelo ziyahlawulwa ngeenkonzo zawo?
Impendulo: Hayi. Akukho ntlawulo ngeenkonzo kodwa ngeendleko ezifanelekileyo ezenziweyo , umz: kuhlawulwa uthutho nokulungiselelwa ukutya.
Umbuzo: Ingaba iikomiti zamacandelo zingaya ngqo kumasipala ukuya kuphakamisa iinxalabo?
Impendulo: Hayi. Imicimbi ephakanyiswe yikomiti yecandelo ihamba ngelungu lebhunga lecandelo eliya kuziphakamisa neSithethi se-ofisi.
Umbuzo: Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ilungu lebhunga lecandelo alisixeleli iiSithethi se-ofisi oko ikomiti yecandelo efuna kwaziwe siSithethi se-ofisi?
Impendulo: Kule meko ikomiti yecandelo ingagqiba ukuba ithethe ngqo neSithethi se-ofisi malunga nokuswela inkxaso kwilungu lebhunga lecandelo. ISithethi siya kuthetha nelungu lebhunga lecandela kwaye siqinisekise ukuba ilungu lebhunga lecandelo liyayiqonda indima yalo yokuxelela iSithethi nokuphendula kwikomiti yecandelo.
Umbuzo : Ingaba iikomiti zamacandelo yiyo yodwa indlela yokuba uluntu lube nelizwi kwukwenziwa kwezigqibo libhunga?
Impendulo: Hayi. Kukho amanye amathuba, umz: ukuviwa koluntu malunga neminye imicimbi, efana nebhajethi yonyaka. Iikomiti zamacandelo kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba abahlali kumacandelo abo aywaqonda la mathuba.
Umbuzo: Zingabandakanyeka iikomiti zamacandelo kwimisebenzi efana nokuphatha imibuzo nezikhalazo okanye iimpikiswano ekuhlaleni?
Impendulo: Ewe. Iikomiti zamacandelo zingadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuncedini ilungu lebhunga lecandelo ekusombululeni iimpikiswano okanye ukuphendula imibuzo njengokuba amlungu eekomiti zamacandelo zinengqiqo enzulu ngemicimbi entsonkothileyo yoluntu.
ISithethi se-ofisi kunye nelungu lebhunga lecandelo badlala indima apha. Yimfanelo yelungu lebhunga lecandelo ukubiza intlanganiso yokukhethwa kwamalungu ekomiti yecandelo. Le ntlanganiso ibizwa 'intlanganiso yamalungu eqela lokuvota'. ISithethi se-ofisi siya kwenza ukhetho ukuqinisekisa ukuba luzimele.
Iikomiti zamacandelo zingangamalungu ali-10. Apha kukho uluhlu lokukhangelwa lwezinto ekufuneka zenziwe xa kulungiselelwa ukhetho lwamalungu ekomiti yecandelo.
kuba omabini la maxwebhu anento eninzi eyichazayo malunga nenkqubo yokhetho.
Incwadi eyiNgcebiso ngeKomiti yeCandelo leSizwe (dplg kunye GTZ 2005) iya kunika iingcinga eziluncedo malunga nendlela nokuqalisa inkqubo yokhetho okanye yokumiswa.
Ilungu lebhunga lecandelo kufuneka lisebenze neSithethi se-ofisi ukumisela umhla ofanelekileyo wokubamba intlanganiso yokhetho lwamalungu ekomiti yecandelo limisele umhla, ixesha nendawo yentlanganiso yamalungu eqela lokuvota liqinisekise ukuba amalungu oluntu angayifumana indawo, umz: uthutho kungafuneka lubonelelwe kwabanye abantu. Okanye funa indawo ekufutshane kubantu abaninzi. Kwakho cinga ngabo bantu banezigulo okanye bakhubazekileyo, indawo kufuneka ifikeleleke kubo bonke abantu.
Liqiniseke ngezitulo ukuba zilungiselelwe intlanganiso ingakumbi abantu abadala lixelele wonke umntu (oko kukuthi amalungu eqela lokuvota) umhla, ixesha, indawo kunye nenjongo yentlanganiso: cinga ngokubeka izaziso kwithala leencwadi lasekuhlaleni, kwikliniki kunye nasezikolweni, papasha isaziso kwiphepha-ndaba lasekhaya kwaye usebenzise izaziso zeenkonzo zoluntu kwisikhululo sikanomathotholo wasekhaya. ISithethi se-ofisi kufuneka sibonelele ngemali yokwazisa.
Liqiniseke ukuba liziqhelanisile nenkqubo yokhetho esetyenziswa ngumasipala kukhetho. ISithethi se-ofisi kufuneka silawule ukhetho kodwa ilungu lebhunga lecandelo kunye namalungu ekomiyti yecandelo kufuneka aziqhelanise nenkqubo lilungiselela itoliki ukuba iyafuneka.
Ngoku lixesha leSithethi se-ofisi ukuba lenze oku kulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho irejista yabazileyo kwintlanganiso yamalungu abalulekileyokwaye isayiniwe ukuze inkqubo yokhetho ibe nokukhangelwa ukucacisa iindima neemfanelo zeekomiti zamacandelo kunye namalungu azo kwintlanganiso ukucacisa inkqubo yokhetho kubathathi-nxaxheba. Umthetho unika iinketho zamacandelo nezelizwe zokukhetha amalungu oko kukuthi amalungu kufuneka amele iqela lomdla othile, umzekelo abantu abatsha okanye imibandela yempilo. Iikomiti kufuneka ziqulathe ama-50% amalungu abafazi ubuncinane. Umasipala ngamnye uya kumisela umgaqo wawo ngokwenketho ayikhethileyo.
abize ukumiswa kumalungu ekomiti kunye nabaxhasi boku kumiswa ukubala iivoti kunye nokwazisa iziphumo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abo bamisiweyo kunye nabaxhasi basayina iifomu ezifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu komiti yecandelo ekhathiweyo ayaziqonda iindima zawo neemfanelo kwaye asayine iifomu ezifanelekileyo.
ICEBISO ELILUNCEDO Icebiso eliluncedo lwelungu lebhungu lecandelo - kukubiza intlanganiso yokuqala yekomiti yecandelo esandul' ukukhethwa phambi kokuba amalungu emke kwintlanganiso yamalungu eqela lokuvota. Kusoloko kunzima ukumisela iintlanganiso nabantu abaninzi, ingakumbi ukuba kufuneka uqhagamshelane nabo nganye nganye. Kutheni ungasebenzisi ithuba lobuninzi babo kule ntlanganiso ukulungiselela enye?
Umbuzo: Ingaba kukho inkqubo yokugcwalisa izithuba zekomiti yamacandelo?
Impendulo: Ewe. Inkqubo yahluka ngokuhlobo lwesithuba. KwiziKhokelo zeSizwe kwiKomiti zamaCandelo, 2005 okanye kuRhulumente waseKhaya: uMthetho weZakhiwo zikaMasipala, 1998 kuchazwe inkqubo.
Umbuzo: Ingaba kukho iimeko apho ilungu lekomiti yecandelo lingasuswa?
Impendulo: Ewe. Ukuba ilungu alikho ngaphandle kwekhefu iinyanga ezintathu okanye ngaphezu;lu kwiintlanganiso ezilandelelanayo okanye ngekhefu ukususela kwiinyanga ezintandathu okanye ngaphezulu kwiintlanganiso zecandelo ezilandelelanayo lingasuswa.
Umbuzo: Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ilungu lekomiti yecandelo liye kwelinye icandelo?
Impendulo: Ilungu liya kurhoxa njengomvoti kwicandelo njengekomiti yecandelo.
Xa onke amalungu ekomiti yecandelo ekhathiwe kufuneka onke aye kuqeqesho lokungeniswa ezikhundleni. Njengosihlalo wekomiti ilungu lebhunga lecandelo kufuneka nalo liyile. Qhagamshelana neSithethi se-ofisi ufumanise ukuba ukungeniswa ezikhundleni kuya kubanjwa nini.
Naku oza kukufunda kuqeqesho lokungeniswa esikhundleni uza kufunda malunga nomthetho ofanele iikomiti zecandelo. Ukuba awuwazi lo mthetho uya kugqibela wenze izinto ezingekho mthethweni uza kufumanisa ngemithetho ehlala ikho nemiyalelo eya kukunceda wazi ngaphezulu malunga nemisebenzi yekomiti yecandelo uza kufumanisa malunga nendlela ibhunga elisebenza ngayo uza kufumanisa malunga nokuqhuba intlanganiso okubalulekileyo ukuba ube nakho ukuthatha inxaxheba efanelekileyo entlanganisweni uza kufumanisa malunga nemimiselo yokuziphatha kwamalungu ekomiti yecandelo uza kufumanisa malunga namagunya nemisebenzi yeekomiti zamacandelo. Oku kubalulekile kukunceda ukuba wazi eyona ndima yakho njengelungu lekomiti yecandelo niza kwazana ukuze niqale ukwakha iqela elifanelekileyo.
Nalu uludwe olwenzelwe ukunceda ilungu lebhunga lecandelo elingusihlalo wekomiti yecandelo, lokulungiselela intlanganiso yokuqala. Xa ikomiti ithe yahlangana kwaye kwakhethwa unobhala, lo mntu uya kunceda ilungu lebhunga ekulawuleni indima 'yoba ngusihlalo'. Ukuba ilungu lebhunga lecandelo lilungiselele kakuhle ukuba ngusihlalo kuya kuba lula ukugunyazisa iimfanelo nemisebenzi kwamanya amalungu ekomiti kwaye intlanganiso yonke iya kuhamba kakuhle.
Ingaba uyichongile waze wayibhukisha indawo yokubambela intlanganiso yekomiti yecandelo eqhelekileyo Khumbula ukuba le kufuneka iyindawo yoluntu ingabi yondawo yabucala njengendawo yokuhlala. Oku yimfuneko ephantsi koMthetho?
Ingaba ululungiselele uyilo lweshedyuli lwentlanganiso yonyaka eluludwe lweentlanganiso zonyaka kunye nemihla, amaxesha neendawo Olu luhlu kufuneka luquke iintlanganiso zekomiti yecandelo, iintlanganisozamalungu abalulekileyo kwaye luluncedo elwenza ukuba amalungu ekomiti yecandelo abe nakho ukuqulunqa ixesha lawo ekuhambeni konyaka ozayo?
Ingaba unayo ikiti yolwazi olusuka kwiSithethi se-ofisi Oku kufuneka kuqukwe kumthetho ofanelekileyo nakwizikhokelo kunye neemfuneko zokunika ingxelo kunye neetempleyiti, umz: iirejista zokubakho?
Ingaba uyilungiselel I-ajenda yentlanganiso ezayo Jonga inyathelo 10 nele-11 kwindima kanobhala kunye neengcebiso zokuqhuba intlanganiso. Itempleti ye-ajenda iqukiwe kwicandelo 4?
Ingaba uwucingile umhla wentlanganiso yokuvelisa uyilo lonyaka lwemisebenzi Jonga inyathelo 14 elichaza indlela yokwenza uyilo lonyaka?
Umbuzo: Zeziphi iintlobo zeentlanganiso iikomiti zamacandelo eziya kuzibamba?
Impendulo: Kuya kubakho iintlobo ezintathu zeentlanganiso ezingundoqo ekuya kulindeleka ukuba iikomiti zamacandela zizicwangcise. Ezi ntlanganiso ziya kumiselwa ngemvumelwano nelungu lebhunga lecandelo.
Iintlanganiso zekomiti yecandelo- ezi zintlanganiso ezisesikweni zamalungu ekomiti ecandelo. Kufuneka zibanjwe njalo ukze ikomiti yecandelo ibe nakho ukuqulunqa ngokufanelekileyo. Kufuneka zibanjwe amaxesha ama-6 ngonyaka ubuncinane. Iintlanganiso ezibanjwa njalo njengeentlanganiso zenyanga ziyacetyeswa ukuze iikomiti zamacandelo zibe nexesha elaneleyo lokugqalisela kwizinti zonke ezahlukeneyo ekufuneka bezenzile.
Iintlanganiso yamalungu abalulekileyo- ezi zintlangansio phakathi kelungu lebhunga lecandelo kunye namalungu abalulekileyo oko kukuthi abahlali. Ezi ntlanganiso ziya kunceda ilungu lebhunga lencandelo kunye nekomiti yecandelo ekuqondeni izidingo zolunt. Ixesha leentlanganiso zamalungu abalulekileyo kufuneka zemiselwwe kwangaphambili njengenxalenye yeshedyuli yentlanganiso yonyaka. Ezi ngamathuba okumema amagosa kamasipala okanye iinkokheli zopolitiko ukuba zithethe namalungu ngemicimbi yoluntu okanye banike ulwazi malunga nendlela umasipala asebenza ngayo.
Iqela lihlangene kuxoxwa kwaye kuvunyelwana ngemithetho yokuziphatha entlanganisweni, ukuquka imfuneko yehlebo. Ngamanye amaxesha kuxoxwa ngemicimbi yempikiswano kwiintlanganiso zekomiti yecandelo. Onke amalunghu kufuneka asombulule kwaye avumelane ngendlela yokwazisa le mibandela kumalungu abalulekileyo. Akuloncedo ukuxelela wonke umntu zonke izinto.
Ukuxoxa ngeshedyuli yentlanganiso yonyaka kwaye babone ukuba bangafikelela kuvumelwano malunga nokuba zeziphi iintlanganiso emazibanjwe nini.
Ukumisela intlanganiso yokuvelisa uyilo lonyaka. Oku kungayintlanganiso eyodwa yekomiti okanye intlanganiso elandelayo yekomiti.
Ukwabiwa kwezikhundla umz: izindlu, ezempilo, ezentlalo-ntle ukuphuhliswa koqoqosho lwasekhaya. ' izikhundla' kuthethwa ngeemfanelo ezabelwa umntu omnye, ukunika ingxelo, ukuqonda, ukunxibelelana nokusebenza kwindawo yomdla ethile.
Ukuxoxa i-ajenda nosihlalo kwaye bavumelane ngeziqulatho pha, mbi kokuba ithunyelwe kwamanye amalungu. Khumbula ukuba usihlalo wekomiti lilungu lebhunga lencandelo ngoko lo mntu nguye onelizwi lokugqibela koko kuza kubakho kwi-ajenda.
Ukuthatha imizuzu yentlanganiso zonke ezibanjwe ngusihlalo nekomiti yecandelo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba imizuzu isasazwa kumalungu kwaye iyafayilishwa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. Khumbula ukluba imizuzu yirekhodi esemthethweni yentalnganiso kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba igcinwe endaweni ekhuselekileyo. Abantu badla ngokubuyela kwimizuzu yentalanganiso ukukhangela izigqibo ezenziweyo.
ICEBISO ELILUNCEDO Nika unobhala ulwazi olukule ncwadi yesikhokelo malunga nendima kanobhala, indlela yokuphatha intlanganiso, ikopi yetempleyiti yeajenda.
Yazisa ixesha nendawo yentlanganiso kwangaphambili. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla unobhala unoxanduva loku.
Yenza i-ajenda phambi kwentlanganiso. Lo ngumsebenzi kasihlalo nonobhala.
Nika amalungu ekomiti i-ajenda phambi kwentlanganiso ukuze azi ukuba intlanganiso ingantoni kwaye akwazi ukuzilungiselela. Ngamanye amaxesha kuya kubakho imfuneko yengxelo eyodwa kwimimandla yezikhundla ukuba umbambi-sikhundla uyakwazi oku angacebisana noluntu malunga nalo mcimbi kwaye anike ingxelo kwikomiti ngokufanelekileyo.
Usihlalo uya kuvula intlanganiso aze ahambe nge-ajenda inyathelo ngenyathelo.
Kurekhodishwe izingxengxezo kwabo bangakwaziyo ukuza. Malaungu ekomiti kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha axelele umntu kwikomiti xa engakwazi ukuphumelela.
Funda imizuzu - khangela ukuba lirekhodi elichanekileyo lwentlanganiso edlulileyo. Wonke umntu kufuneka avume ukuba imizuzu ichanekile njengoko imizuzu ilirekhodi elisemthethweni lentlanganiso.
Imivuka kwentlanganiso edlulileyo - le nto iquka imicimbi exoxwe kwintlanganiso edlulileyo apho amalungu ekomiti ebenika ingxelo. Ungabona lula ukuba yintoni eyenza imivuka ngokujonga izenzo zabanmtu ebekufanele ukuba bazenze.
Imbalelwano - ezi zileta eziza kwikomiti okanye iileta ezithunyelwa yikomiti. Esiqendwana ngasinye sobhalelwano kufuneka siqatshelwe yikomiti njengoko ithunyelwa egameni lakho.
Ezinye izinto ezikwi-ajenda- umz: I-IDP, ibhajethi kamasipala, ulawulo lokwenza lukamasipala, amaphulo ophuhliso oqoqosho lwasekhaya. Elinye ilingu lekomiti kufuneka lazise kwaye liqalise ingxoxo. Ingxelo ingaqukwa kwintsshayelelo malunga nomcimbi (uyintoni, ubandakanyeka njani, kutheni ubandakanyeka) ize ibe yintoni isenzo esithathiweyo kwaye yintoni esafunekayo.
Khumbula ukuba kubaluleke kuwo onke amalungu ekomiti ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwintlanganso. Akufuneki ukuba usihlalo ayongamele ingxoxo. Indima kasihalo kukukhokela amalungu nge-ajenda ukuze kuphunyelele iinjongo zekomiti. Usihalo ufuna nembhexeshi kwibhendi kunokucula isolo.
Emva kwengxoxo usihlalo kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba kufikelelwe kwisigqibo kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko omnye manikwe imfanelo yokwenza egameni lekomiti.
Zama ukugqiba ngexesha.
Kuya kufuneka uqhagamshelane neSithethi se-ofisi kumasipala wakho ufumanise malunga neemfuneko zokunika ingxelo, ukuquka nemihla yokungena kweengxelo. Oku kuya kwenziwa ngenyanga , ukuba kuyenzeka ngokwesihlanu wokugqibela enyangeni.
ISithethi se-ofisi singanayo ifomu yokunika ingxelo. Ifomu yokunika ingxelo sisikhokelo esibhaliwe (proforma) osigcwalisayo kunokuba uze nesakho isakhiwo. Iluncedo kuba uyazi ukuba kufuneka ufake yonke into efunekayo.
Ukuba akukho fomu ikhoyo, nanku umzekelo kwiphepha elilande;layo onokuwusebenzisa.
Imicimbi ephakanyisiweyo kwiintlanganiso yekomiti yecandelo, yamalungu abalulekileyo okanye eyodwa- bhala ngokwamanani.
Izisombululo ezinokubakho kunye neengcebiso - zidwelise ngamanani.
Amaphulo ezayo nagqityiweyo - wadwelise ngamanani.
Yilela iinyanga ezintathu ezizayo- dwelisa ngamanani.
Oku kungaba kokunye kwezinto zokuqala ikomiti yecandelo ekwenza kunye. Kungancedas ukwakha iqela kwaye kwenze uqonde kakhulu ngecandelo lakho.
Ukwenza iprofayile yecandelo kungaba mnandi. Nasi siskhokelo ongaqalisa ngaso. Khumbula ukuba ungaqokelela ulwazi olusisiseko onokuthi uqalisa ngalo uze wandule ulongeze ekuhambeni konyaka.
Ndilufumana njani ulwazi?
Umasipala angakunika ulwazi lwezinto ezifana nobudala bamaqela.
Amapolisa angakunika amanani olwaphulo-mthetho kwaye ukuba kukho isibhedlele okanye ikliniki kwingingqi yakho ungalufumana ulwazi lwezempilo.
Ungafumanisa malunga noko kucingwa ngabantu kwiintlanganiso zabahlali okanye kwiintlanganiso zamaqela amancinane abantu ngokwecandelo, okanye ngophando olulula loluntu okanye ngeengxoxo nabahlobo.
Loluphi uhlobo lwezakhiwo ezikhoyo kwicandelo?
Izakhiwo zoluntu ezifana nezikolo, iikliniki, izibhedlele, amapolisa, iinqwelo zezigulane njalo njalo.
Yintoni enye eyenzekayo ekuhlaleni?
Yenza uludwe lwemibutho yoluntu - Oku lubandakanyeko olubalulekileyo kwikomiti yecandelo. ' Ababandakanyekayo' kuthetha abantu okanye abameli beqela abanomdla othile okanye iingcaphephe, okanye abo banenkathalo malunga nento abayenzayo kwikomiti yecandelo.
Ingaba kukho Abasebenzi boPhuhliso boLuntu CDWs kwicandelo lakho?
Chonga iCDWs kwicandelo lakho uze uhlangane nabo uthelekise izinto ekubhekiselelwe kuzo ukuquka nokokuba iCDWs zinakho ukunika inkxaso yomsebenzi okanye ukubhala kwikomiti yecandelo.
Ungasebenzisa olu ludwe ukukunceda ekucwangciseni amaqunrhu abameli.
Umbuzo: Kutheni kubalulekile ukuvelisa iprofayile yecandelo?
Impendulo: Njengelungu lebhunga lecandelo kunye nekomiti yecandeelo uya kuba uyasebenza ngenene xa ulazi kakukhle uluntu lwakho. Khumbula ukuba ulapho ukumela icandelo lakho. Awunakwenza oku ukuba awubazi abantu abahlala kwicandelo lakho, zintoni izidingo zabo nemicimbi yabo, bafuna ikomiti ibenzele ntoni, kwaye zeziphi izakhiwo, iindlela kunye nezinto ezibambekayo ezenza icandelo lakho. Oku kuquka nokwazi kangangoko ngemibutho yoluntu kunye 'nobutyebi' basekhaya njengamashishini asekhaya okanye imibutho yemidlalo. Uya kothuka kokuya kufumana.
Umbuzo: Ingaba ikomiti yecandelo ingalusebenzisa njani olu lwazi?
Impendulo: Ikomiti yecandelo ingalusebenzisa olu lwazi kuphuhliso loyilo lonyaka wayop. Uya kuba nakho ukuyila ngcono kwaye uthathe inxaxheba ngakumbi kwiingxoxo malunga nemigaqo yebhunga neenkqubo okanye amaphulo kuba uyazi kakhulu malunga noluntu lwakho ngaphezu kwabanye abantu.
Ikomiti yecandelo kufuneka inoyilo lonyaka elicacisa oko kubalulekileyo kwaye elindele ukukuphumelela. Oku kuya kunceda ukubona okokuba ukuphumelele oko ubuthe uya kukuphumelela. Luya kunceda kwakho ekunikeni ingxelo kumasipala njengoko unokunika ingxelo ngenyanga nganye ngokoyilo lokwenza.
Yingcinga elungileyo ukubiza intlanganiso eyodwa kwangoko yokuphuhlisa uyilo lokwenza lonyaka. Qinisekisa ukuba uyilo lwakho lunyanisekile kwaye lungaphunyelelwa.
Ekuveliseni uyilo lonyaka ungathethaela ingqalelo oku kulandelayo imihla apho umasipala aya kubamba iingcebiso onganqwenela ukuthatha inxaxheba ezifana noYilo loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo (IDP) kunye nebhajethi yonyaka imibandela ebaluleke kakhulu yoluntu. Ikomiti yecandelo ingenza ntoni ukunceda. Ingaba oku ingakwenza nini?
ngawaphi amaphulo anqwenelwa ukwenziwa yikomiti yecandelo Cinga ngezinto ezinjengamaphulo okuphuhlisa uqoqosho lwasekhaya, uqeqesho olusekelwe ekhaya labantu abanika inkathalo. Ingaba singawenza la maphulo kunye neminye imibutho yoluntu?
yeyiphi imibutho yoluntu, umz: imibutho yezempilo okanye yoluntu apho ikomiti yecandelo ifuna ukumelwa kuyo?
yeyiphi imibutho yoluntu okanye amasebe kamasipala esifuna ukuwamema ukuba azokwazisa ikomiti yecandelo okanye kwintlanganiso yamalungu abalulekileyo?
ngawaphi amalungu ekomiti yecandelo ekufuneka anikwe iimfanelo zokwenza lo msebenzi?
yeyiphi imihla yokugqiba imisebenzi?
Zeziphi izinto ezikhawuleze kakhulu okanye omisebenzi ebalulekileyo ekufuneka siyenze kuqala?
Yeyiphi enokulinda ixesha elidana?
ICEBISO ELILUNCEDO Uyilo kufuneka luguquke kwaye kufuneka lube nako ukutshanitsha ngokwesidingo.
Khumbula ukuba uyilo kufuneka luphumeleleke. Kungcono ukwenza izinto ezimbalwa kunokwenza izinto ezininzi kakubi.
UYilo loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo (IDP) yinkqubo yopolitiko ekhokelwa nguSibonda wedolophu onguJilana wesiXeko kunye namalungu eBhunga kwaye luxhaswa ngolawulo ngamasoga. I-IDP ibonisa iimpumelelo nemiceli-mngeni yesiXeko kunye nophuhliso oluzayo olusekwe kushishino nakwizidingo zoluntu ngokunxulumene nokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho.
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-IDP lucebiswano olukhulu kunye nawe nabanye abantu ababandakanyekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyaqukwa kwizigqibo zophuhliso oluzayo lwesiXeko saseRhawutini.
Uludwe lweentlanganiso zeCandelo nezeNgingqi ziya kubanjwa kwisiXeko sonke ukunika ingxelo izidingo zakho nokulindeleyo ezibhajethelwe ngayo kwaye eziyilwe ngayo namaphulo ahlukeneyo neenkqubo.
Siyakukhuthaza njengomhlali waseRhawutini ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokukucebisana ngokuya kwazi ntlanganiso kwaye ube nelizwi. Ukuthatha kwakho inxaxheba kulunge njengevoti yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba izidingo zokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ziyazalisekiswa.
NjengesiXeko sakuhlala sizibophelele ekuphuculeni umandla ophilileyo nokhuselekileyo, ukuphucula ukukhula koqoqsho, ukulwa neHIV ne-AIDS, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kombane nobonelelo lwamanzi, ukuphucula isixokelelwano nokunyanzelisa imithetho yedolophu kunye nokuququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwezindlu.
Inyathelo 16: Ingaba yeyiphi inkxaso umasipala alunika iikomiti zamacandelo?
Inkxaso enikwa ngumasipala iya kwahluka ngokobutyebi bukamasipala. Abanye oomasipala banemali eninzi kunabanye kwaye oku kuya kuba nempembelelo koko unokukuphumelela. ISithethi se-ofisi singakuxelela ukuba bobuphi ubutyebi obukhoyo kodwa kufuneka ujonge kolu ludwe.
Ulwazi malunga nolwabiwo lwebhajethi okanye imigaqo yokubuyisela imali yeenkcitho zeekomiti zamacandelo.
Inyathelo 17: Yintoni uYilo loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo?
Bonke oomasipala kufuneka belungiselele uYilo loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo (IDP) lumisela izinto ezibalulekileyo zendawo. I-IDP yeyeminyaka emi-5 kwaye iyaphononongwa unyaka ngamnye. IIDP iqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kobutyebi obunqabileyo bukamasipala, izinto ezibalulekileyo ekujoliswe kuzo (umz: ukunceda iiindawo ezihlwempuzeke kakhulu), ukutsala imali kweminye imigangatho karhulumente kunye nokomeleza ukuthatha inxaxheba koluntu.
Abameli bekomiti yamacandelo bangaba kwiqumrhu labameli be-IDP. Eli qumrhu lithuba labo bonke ababandakanyekayo ukuba bamele imidla yamalungu wabo abalulekileyo. Eli qumrhu linika isakhiwo sengxoxo, sothetha-thethwano kunye nokwenza izigqibo ngabo bonke phakathi koluntu nomasipala, babe nakho ukunxibelelana nokunika ithuba lokongamela uyilo nokuzalisekisa inkqubo yokuzalisekisa kwekomiti yecandelo kwi-IDP.
Iluyilo lwemali. Imisela imisebenzi yonyaka-mali olandelayo ngokwazisa indleko zale misebenzi kunye nemvelaphi yemali yokuhlawule;la ezi nkcitho.
Unyaka-mali kamasipala woMzantsi Afrika usiuka kkumhla woku-1 kuJulayi wonyaka ngamnye uye kuphela ngomhla wama-30kuJuni kunyaka olandelayo. Ibhunga kufuneka livume le bhajethi phambi kokuba unyaka-mali omtsha uqale, emva koyilo olufanelekileyo, kwengcebiswano neekomiti zamacnadnelo kunye namanye amaqela abandakanyekayo kwindawo yakho. Ukuba iikomiti zamacandelo ziyaqukwa ekugqibeni ukuba kufuneka umasipala achithe maini kwaye kweliphi iphulo oku kuya kuthetha ukuba icanelo lakho lingazuza ngqo.
Kunyaka wonke ibhajethi iyonganyelwa ukukhangela ingeniso eyiyo kunye nenkcitho ngokwebhajethi. Umzekelo, ukuba ingeniso ivela kwimirhumo kunye nentlawulo zingaphantsi koko bekuqikelelwe kuya kufuneka ukuba inkcitho ibe ngezantsi.
Iikomiti zamacandelo kufuneka zifumanise amaxesha ebhajethi kwaye iintlanganiso ziya kubanjwa nini kufuneka ubuze ukuba ingaba ikho ibhajethi yoqeqesho ukukunceda ukuba ube nokuthatha inxaxheba enentsingiselo kwibhajethi.
Fumanisa ukuba umasipala wakho sele esenzile na isixokelelwano solawulo sokwenza.
Ukuyila: Sebenza kunye nelungu lebhunga lakho kunye neminye imibutho yoluntu, ekuchongeni izidingo ezibalulekileyo nokuqinisekisa ukuba ezi zidingo ziqukiwe kwizindululo zebhajethi nakuyilo.
Ukulandela nokunika ingxelo: Gxininisa ekunikweni kweengxelo njalo kumaphulo kamasipala neenkonzo kwikomiti yecandelo kwaye nakwiintlanganiso zoluntu kwicandelo lakhouykuze ungcine abahlali bexelelwa ngenkqubekla-phambili kunye/okanye iingxaki. Yenza iingcebiso ezakhayo kuphuculo kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko cwangcisa ukuba uluntu luncede lwenze umsebenzi wenzeke.
Ukuphononongwa kokwenza minyaka le: Ibhunga kufuneka linike ingxelo njalo kwiikomiti zamacandelo nakuluntu kwibhajethi nakuphononongo lokwenza njengenxalenye yeentlanganiso zoluntu. Okongeza ukuba ikomiti ayifumani ingxelo yokwenza njalo kwibhunga layo usibonda wedolophu kufuneka azi ukuba ikomiti yecandelo ilindela ukwenza okungcono kurhulumente wasekhaya wedemokrasi.
Qhagamshelana noManejala we-ofisi kamasipala ufune uludwe loqhagamshelwano oluphambili uze wongeza kule ncwadi yesikhokelo.
Qhagamshelana noManejala we-ofisi kamasipala ufune amaphulo nesiqalo eziphambili uze wongeza kule ncwadi yesikhokelo.
Icandelo: intlanganiso yamalungu eqela lovoto/eyodwa/yoluntu...
Ilungu lebhunga lecandelo:...
Ikomiti yecandelo kufuneka inike ingxelo yolu yilo lulandelayo. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba wazi okokuba uphelele ntoni awaphumelela ntoni koko ubukufuna kuyilo lwakho. Kuya kunceda kwakho iSithethi ukuba sazi ukuba kukho imibandela ekufuneka ayisebenze.
Inani Iphulo Imfanelo Iinjongo/izalathisi Ixesha imithombo 1.
Thina, sisayinileyo singabavoti ababhalisileyo kwicandelo...
Simisa uMnumzana/ Nkosazana /nkosikazi njengomqatswa onokukhethwa njengelungu lekomiti lecandelo...
Mna Osayinileyo, inombolo yesazisi...
Ohlala e kunye/okanye ongumvoti pobhalisileyo kwicandelo... ndamkela ukumiswa kwam njengomgqatswa onokukhethwa njengelungu lekomiti yecandelo kweli candelo...
Ilungu lebhunga lecandelo...
Ilungu lebhunga lecandelo...
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Incwadana yoqeqesho lwezakhono yabantu abangaphangeliyo.txt</fn>
Urhulumente uqalise inkqubo yoqeqesho entsha ebizwa ngokuba ziingqeqesho zezakhono. Ezi nkqubo zoqeqesho zivuleleke kubantu abangaphangeliyo. Le ncwadana ichaza indlela le nkqubo esebenza ngayo.
Yintoni uqeqesho lwezakhono?
Uqeqesho lwezakhono yinkqubo yokufunda ekhokelela kwinqwanqwa lemfundo lomsebenzi. Uqeqesho lwezakhono lubandakanya imfundo esekelwe kwigumbi lokufundela ekholejini okanye kwiziko loqeqesho nakuqeqesho lomsebenzi kwindawo yomsebenzi. Ukuze ube nako ukuthatha inxaxheba kuqeqesho lwezakhono into engundoqo ekufuneka yenziwe kukuba kufuneka kubekho umqeshi onomdla yaye onako ukunika amava omsebenzi.
Ngubani onokwenza isicelo soqeqesho lwezakhono?
Nabanina angasenza isicelo soqeqesho lwezakhono. Oku kuthetha ukuba uqeqesho lwezakhono kufuneka lube khona ukulungiselela abantwana abagqibayo ezikolweni nakwiikholeji nabantu abangaphangeliyo kwakunye nabantu abasele besebenza. Iingqeqesho zezakhono azinazithintelo nakwiliphina iqela leminyaka.
Ekutyumbeni abantu boqeqesho lwezakhono urhulumente uvumile ukuba noko i-85% yabafundi babe mnyama, i-54% ibe ngamakhosikazi ize i-4% ibe ngabantu abakhubazekileyo.
Luza kuxabisa malini?
Akukho ntlawulo ngomntu ongena kuqeqesho lwezakhono. Wonke umntu otyunjelwe inkqubo yoqoqosho lwezakhono makabhatalwe imali yemvume ngumqeshi. Imali ethe ngqo ixhomekeke kuhlobo loqeqesho lwesakhono. UMphathiswa wezemiSebenzi uvumele elona qondo liphantsi lemali-mvume neemeko kodwa umqeshi angabhatala ngaphezulu. Iimali-mvume neemeko zivunywa nomfundi ngamnye phambi kokuba inkqubo iqalise.
Ithatha ixesha elingakanani?
Ubude boqeqesho lwezakhono buza kwahlukana kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo akuyi kubangaphantsi konyaka omnye.
Kuthetha ntoni kum ukungenelela kuqeqesho lwezakhono?
Ukuba uvunyiwe kuqeqesho lwezakhono kuya kufuneka usayine isivumelwano esisemthethweni nomqeshi. Umntu okanye umbutho onika inxalenye yenkcazo eyingcingane yoqeqesho naye kufuneka asayine esi sivumelwano. Oku kuya kubeka elubala okufunekayo kuwe yaye noyakuthi ukwenze.
Ngoobani ababandakanyekayo kuqeqesho lwezakhono yaye zeziphi iinxaxheba zabo?
Umfundi ufakwa kuqeqesho lwezakhono, asayine isivumelwano esisemthethweni nomqeshi, esichaza amalungelo noxanduva lomfundi, aze alandele inkqubo yokufunda.
Umqeshi unika inxalenye yamava yoqeqesho lwezakhono aze asayine esi sivumelwano sisemthethweni sinye esichaza amalungelo noxanduva lomqeshi, ukuquka nezivumelwano kumgangatho wemali-mvume yoqeqesho lwezakhono.
Abanikezi boqeqesho banika uqeqesho endaweni yomqeshi baze basayine esi sivumelwano sisemthethweni sinye esichaza amalungelo noxanduva lomnikezi woqeqesho.
I-Sector Education and Training Authority (SETA) iququzelela ize iqhube ukuxhasa ngengxowa-mali uqeqesho lwezakhono kwindawo ethile yoqoqosho (umzekelo uthutho okanye ezokhenketho nohoyo), yaye iqinisekisa ukuba uqeqesho lukumgangatho woshishino (uqinisekiso lobulunga).
Isebe lezemiSebenzi lifumana, likhetha lize lithumele abantu abangaphangeliyo abafikelelayo kwezona nqobo zokulinanisa eziphantsi ngoqeqesho lwezakhono oluthile kubaqeshi abafuna abafundi. Umqeshi wenza isigqibo sokugqibela.
Ndiza kufumana ntoni ekupheleni koqeqesho lwezakhono?
Ukuba ufundo lugqityiwe ngokuphumeleleyo uza kuba nenqwanqwa lemfundo elaziwayo kwilizwe liphela. Ukungqina ukuba unenqwanqwa lemfundo uza kunikwa isiqinisekiso. Esi siqinisekiso siza kuchaza izakhono oyakube uzifundile.
Ingaba ndiza kuwufumana umsebenzi ndisakube ndilugqibile uqeqesho lwezakhono?
Ukuba awuphangeli ukuqalisa koqeqesho lwezakhono, akukho ngqiniseko yamsebenzi ekugqibeleni. Umqeshi okunike uqeqesho akanyanzelekanga ukuba akunike umsebenzi. Kodwa ngenqwanqwa lemfundo namava omsebenzi uza kubanethuba elingcono lokufumana umsebenzi kunakuqala. Unokucinga ngokufumana amanqwanqwa emfundo angaphezulu okanye ukuqalisa ishishini elilelakho.
Ndisenza njani isicelo soqeqesho lwezakhono ukuba andiphangeli?
Bhalisa kwiSebe lezemiSebenzi njengomfuni msebenzi ngokugcwalisa ifom yobhaliso eqhotyoshelweyo nefom ebonisa umdla wakho. Yibuyisele kubasebenzi beziko lezabasebenzi okanye uyiposele kubo.
Soloko ugcine iinkcukacha zakho zonxibelelwano zilungile.
Iziko lezabasebenzi liza kunxulumana nawe ukuba uyahlangabezana nezona nqobo ziphantsi zoqeqesho lwezakhono lomqeshi othile.
Ukuba uyahlangabezana neenqobo unokubizelwa kwiseshoni yokunikwa amagqabantshintshi novavanyo olungakho phambi kotyumbo lokugqibela.
Unalo naluphina ukhubazeko?
Ukuba kunjalo, nceda chaza?
Ukuba hayi, buthini ubuzwe bakho?
Ndiqinisekisa ukuba le nkcazelo ingentla iyinyaniso.
Nalu uluhlu lwemihlaba yemfundo emininzi nemisebenzi ethile onokukwazi ukuyenza kumhlaba wemfundo. Yenza ngathi uyakwazi ukwenza yonke imisebenzi, nika amanqaku umhlaba wemfundo ngamnye ngokubhekiselele kwindlela othanda ngayo nowonwabela ngayo imisebenzi kuloo mhlaba wemfundo. Njalo iintsebenzwana zokuzonwabisa zinganika isikhombiso semidla yakho. Ukuba uthanda omnye kuphela kwimisebenzi echaziweyo njengomzekelo kumhlaba wemfundo, krwela umgca ngaphantsi komsebenzi uze unike amanqaku loo mhlaba wemfundo ngokubhekiselele ekuthandeni loo msebenzi ukrwelelwe umgca ngaphantsi.
Ezolimo nemfuyo nolondolozo lwendalo.
Ukwenza ukutya ngokufuya. Ukukhathalela izitiya, amahlathi nendalo. Ukulima isivuno nokufuya izilwanyana, ukusebenza kwiipaki, izitiya namahlathi kunye nolondolozo lwendalo.
Ukwenza izinto ezintle okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yokonwabisa abantu. Izinto ezenziwe ngodongwe nomsebenzi wentsimbi, ukudanisa, ukucula, umculo, ezemidlalo, imiboniso bhanyabhanya nokufota, umabonakude, ividiyo, umdlali weqonga, uyilo lokuhombisa, ukwenza imifanekiso yobugcisa nemizobo.
Ezoshishino, uqoqosho nolawulo. Ukuququzelela, ukucwangcisa nokuqinisekisa ukuba inkampani iqhutywa ngokukuko. Ukwenza amaxwebhu ezezimali enkampani, ukulawula inkampani, ukulawula uluntu (abasebenzi), ukuthenga impahla yenkampani, ukurhwebela iimveliso zenkampani, ulawulo lwe-ofisi, ukulawula unxulumano lwenkampani noluntu, oko kutsho unxulumano loluntu.
Izifundo zonxibelelwano nolwimi. Ukusebenzisa ulwimi ngenjongo yokunceda abantu ukuba bakwazi ukufumana ulwazi ngokuthetha nangokubhala. Umguquli, intatheli yemagazini yephepha ndaba, ingcali yolwimi, umqulunqi wamalungelo okubhala, ukubhala amanqaku okanye amaxwebhu.
Imfundo, uqeqesho nophuhliso. Ukufundisa nokuqeqesha abantu. Umfundisi ntsapho wezikolo, amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo njengeeYunivesithi, iiTeknikhoni neeKholeji zobuGcisa, ukufundisa abantwana abancinci (uphuhliso lwabantwana abasakhulayo).
Ukuvelisa, ubunjineli nobugcisa. Ukuzoba oomatshini, iibhulorho, iinqwelomoya, oomatshini bombane nabokutsala amaza omoya, ukwenza nokudibanisa iinxalenye zoomatshini ukuze zibe nokusebenza kakuhle, kunye nezemigodi.
Ufundo ngezoluntu nentlalo. Ukufunda izimbo zabantu ukuze ube nokubanceda. Ukusebenza nabantu nokuphuhlisa abantu (I-Psychology noqeqesho lwezakhono zobomi), izifundo zezakwalizwi (umfundisi nompriste), ezembali, ufundo ngomhlaba nezizathu zokuba abantu bahlale ezidolophini (ezendalo), ukufunda ngonxulumano loluntu (ingcali yezoluntu), ufundo ngoluntu lwakudala kwanezilwanyana (Inzululwazi ngezakudala).
Ezomthetho, inzululwazi ngezobujoni nokhuseleko. Ukujonga ukhuselo nokhuseleko loluntu nobulungisa elizweni. Ezobupolisa, amagqwetha abatshutshisi, iinkonzo zoluleko (intolongo), ukulandela ikhondo lobujoni, (ezomkhosi, ezeenqanawe, ezasemoyeni).
Inzululwazi ngezempilo neenkonzo zentlalo. Ukunceda abantu ngokukhathalela impilo yabo yomzimba neyengqondo nokuphila. Ukukhusela ukugula, ukuphuhlisa impilo, ukunakekela abantu abagulayo, ukonga, umququzeleli wenqwelo yezigulane, amakhondo ngezamayeza, intlalontle.
Inzululwazi ngezezibalo, ezomzimba, ezekhompyutha nezobomi. Ukusebenza ngamanani ukusombulula iingxaki, ukusebenza ngeekhompyutha ukugcina imibhalo yolwazi nokusebenza ngezinto eziphilayo. Ufundo ngekhompyutha, ingcali yezibalo, ibhayoloji (ufundo ngezityalo nezilwanyana).
Iinkonzo. Ukunceda abanye abantu njengokunceda abantu kwiindawo zokutyela nasezihotele nakwezinye iindawo zolonwabo, ukusebenza njengompheki oyintloko ehotele, umkhokeli wabakhenkethi, i-arhente yotyelelo, unogada, uthutho njengomqhubi weteksi, umqhubi webhasi, ukhathalelo lomntu njengokulungisa iinwele, ukunakekela abadala, umsebenzi wezinto zekhaya, ukusebenza ehotele, ukusebenza ekuthengiseni (umthengisi).
Ucwangciso lokuphathekayo nokwakha.
Ukucwangcisa nokuzoba izakhiwo njengenzululwazi ngokwakha, ukwakha izindlu, ukwakha iindlela neebhulorho, ukufaka iingcingo zombane kwizakhiwo.
Bhala imihlaba yokufunda obuzinike kuyo awona manqaku aphezulu phantsi.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Inkonzo.txt</fn>
Sizamele inkonzo ebalaseleyo ekumgangatho welizwe!
Kungani iNkqubo yeQumrhu yeNkonzo eBalaseleyo?
Ukwaneliseka ngumgangatho wemeko yovakalelo lomntu okuzalwa kukuthelekisa amandla okusebenza kwemveliso kunye noko kulindelwe ngumntu lowo.
Ukunika inkonzo ebalaseleyo ekumgangatho welizwe.
Ukonyusa izinga lenkonzo enikwa abaxumi bethu, sizama ukujika iingqondo zabo ekujoliseni kwinkonzo enobume bentengiselwano ukuzisa kuleyo ithanda abaxumi- ngokwenza njalo sihlangabezana nee sikwagqitha ngaphaya kokulindelwe ngabaxumi beBhanki neenkonzo zayo.
Inkonzo ebalaseleyo yeyona nto sijonge ukukunika yona ngalo lonke ixesha, kuba siyazi ukuba inkonzo esemgangathweni yeyona nto uyilindeleyo kwaLand Bank. Ukuba uyonwabele inkonzo oyifumene namhlanje, nceda wazise umhlobo okanye isihlobo sakho. Ukuba akunjalo, nceda wazise uMphathi weSebe lebhanki yakho. Kungenjalo ungaqhakamshelana neSebe lebhanki, leenkonzo zoluntu kunombolo:0800 00 52 59.
Kuya kubaluleka ngokubaluleka ukugxininisa ekugcineni abaxumi. Indlela iLand Bank eya kugcina ngayo abaxumi bayo kukwenza umsebenzi ongcono ekuhlangabezaneni nasekwaneliseni iimfuno zabaxumi bayo.
Kwixesha elingaphambili iLand Bank ibiphantse ibe nokuxhamla yodwa, kwakungekho kwanzame zazifuneka ukwanelisa abaxumi. Namhla, iLand Bank ikhuphisana, ngabaxumi, nezinye iibhanki zorhwebo. Aba baxumi baneendidi ezininzi zemveliso kwaneenkonzo abanokukhetha kuzo. Abaxumi bale mihla bafundile kunabangaphambili kwaye bayagunyazisa, abamkeli nje nantoni na. Umgangatho woko bakulindeleyo wonyuswe zizithembiso zemveliso neenkonzo ekwizinga eliphezulu.
Ukuba iLand Bank izimisele ukugcina abaxumi bayo kwanendawo yayo kwicandelo lezemali, kufanele ukuba icinge ngoluvo lwequmrhu olutsha, kuba ezo nkampani ezigxininisa kubaxumi, kuphela eziza kuphumelela, ezo ezinokuvelisa ixabiso elisemgangathweni kubaxumi ezijolise kubo. Ukugcina abaxumi kungaphaya komsebenzi weSebe loRhwebo neNtengiso.
ISebe lezoRhwebo linganefuthe kuphela kwezo nkampani ezimaSebe azo kwanabasebenzi bazo abathe babumbana ngempumelelo ukuyila nokumisela inkqubo yemveliso enokuthelekiswa nezinye nesemgangathweni owenelisa abaxumi.
Into engenamlinganiselo engenakuthelekiswa nezinye ayinakulawuleka.
Ukuze sibe nokuhlawula abasebenzi bethu ngokuphumelela ukwenza umsebenzi ongowona ukwindima ephambili kumsebenzi wenkampani, kufuneka sibe nako ukwenza umlinganiselo wenkonzo nomgangatho womsebenzi.
Yintoni inkonzo Ebalaseleyo?
Ithetha ukugqithisa kulo msebenzi uwuqeshelweyo wenze konke okusemandleni ukubona imibuzo yomxumi iphenduleka. Ithetha 'ukuzinikela ngokupheleleyo'. Ukugqithisa kwindima yomsebenzi owabelweyo, umsebenzi ongaphaya onokuba awenziwa ngabanye abasebenzi. Konke oku kumalunga neNDLELA OZIBONA NGAYO IZINTO. Ukuba ngumntu oqinisekileyo, ozifuthela ngeempembelelo eziqhubela phambili, onenzondelelo nonamandla. Kukusoloko usenza usenza konke okusemandleni akho. Kukuwuthanda umsebenzi wakho nokuba negugu ngento oyenzayo. Kukuba neqhayiya ngokusebenzela iLand Bank.
UYilo Olusephepheni LweNkonzo luqulethe u'kanjani' no 'ngoba' , oko kukuthi inkonzo ebalaseleyo inikwa njani kubaxumi nagasiphi isizathu. Ngokulandela ezi ntonga zokwalatha, uya kudala uvakalelo olubonwabisayo ababsebeni kwanabaxumi bakho ngokufanayo.
UYilo Olusephepheni lweNkonzo yincwadi yakho yokukufundisa ukunika inkonzo entle kubaxumi ngembonakalo nje. Enye yeenjongo eziqulunqwe ngobuchule, zeLand Bank, kukubanefuthe elihle kwiXabso leNtlalo kawonkewonke. wena ken ngengommeli okanye umthunywa , unethuba elilodwa lokuba yinxalenye yabo baguqula ummiselo wesiphelo esingesihle sabantu! Uyinxalenye yokuzalisekisa amaphupha abantu ngokubanika imali enesizinzo enokubathwala ukubasa kumaphupha abo! Asibetheleli uphuhliso lwabaxumi bethu kuphela, koko nophuhliso lwabasebenzi bethu. Olu Yilo lusephepheni luya kukunceda ukuhluma njengomntu obakhathaleleyo abaxumi noyikhathaleleyo inkonzo.
Sinqwenela ukukhuthaza bonke abasebenzi baseLand Bank ukuba baziqhelanise nala manqaku abhalwe ngasezants'apha. Masikhuthazaneni omnye nomnye, imihla ngemihla, hayi ngokusebenza kakuhle kangangoko sinako kuphela , kodwa masisasaze nomoya wokusebenza ngenkuthalo kwindlela esivelela ngayo ubomi bethu nomsebenzi!
Bonakalisa ngokukhawuleza ukwamkeleka kwabo bonke abaxhasi ngokubajonga ngoncumo emehlweni. Ukuba awunakumnceda ngoko nangoko abaxumi, bazise ukuba uza kuba nabo ngokukhawuleza nje wakugqiba oko ukwenzayo.
Bulisa bonke abaxumi abasegumbini lokulindela, nokuba bancedwa nguwe okanye hayi, babuze ukuba sebelufumene na uhoyo ubuze nokuba ungabanceda na. Xa sele ulungele ukunceda umxumi, ncuma, babulise ngokuba nqwenelela intsasa okanye injikalanga entle, "Molweni", xolisa ngokubagcina belindile xa kufaneleke njalo ze ube sele uzazisa igama lakho. Umzekelo, "Molo, ndiyaxolisa ngokukugcina ulindile. NdinguNomsa (okanye uNkosazana Mudau), ndingakunceda ngantoni namhlanje" . Sebenzisa izangotshe zokuthetha ngamalungu omzimba nemvakalozwi efanelekileyo.
Fumana igama lomxumi ze ulisebenzise rhoqo apha ekuthetheni kwenu. Qinisekisa indlela eyiyo yokulibiza.
Yiba nobubele, ungabinamkhethe, zithembe ube nenkangeleko eyamkelayo nethembisayo.
Yiba nenkangeleko yomntu owuqeqeshelweyo umsebenzi uzivelele ngokuthembisayo iingxaki zabaxumi ngalo lonke ixesha.
Ungalinge uvakalise ekuleni kubaxumi incoko yakho yabucala, nokuba yeyemfonomfono okanye yephakathi kwenu basebenzi. Sebenzisa ingqiqo yakho. Musukuphendula iseli fowuni yakho ungacelanga imvume kumxumi ze ucele uxolo kamva.
Nika umxumi isizathu xa kuthe kwafuneka ukuba uyishiye idesika yakho.
Phulaphula ngeendlebe ezibukhali uqiniseke ukuba ubuza yonke imibuzo efanelekileyo enokukhokelela kulwazi olubalulekileyo. Qiniseka ukuba uyaqonda nokuba loo nto ithetha ukuba kufuneka de ufune uncedo lwetoliki. Qiniseka ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle into abayandlalayo abaxumi phambi kokuxhinela isisombululo.
Baphathe ngembekokazi enkulu abaxumi ungabagwebi ngenkangeleko yabo, oko kukuthi ungabajong'ezidyasini. Phatha bonke abaxumi njengabaxumi abangakwizinga legolide kwixa elizayo.
Thath'ixesha ukucacisela gca umxumi ukuba kutheni isicelo sakhe semboleko-mali singamkelekanga nje.
Ukuba umxumi akakeleki kwizinga lemboleko elikwiBronze, iSilivere okanye iGolide, yisa umxumi kwizinga kwizinga elisezantsi kunelo linobungozi (kwizinga leBronze ze anyuselwe ukususela kulo). Thath'ixesha ukunika umxumi inkonzo ngeyona mveliso imfaneleyo kwanohlelo lobungozi bemboleko olulolonaa lufanele iimfuno zakhe.
Musukugqithisela isityholo semposiso kwelinye iSebe leBhanki okanye kuNdlunkulu. Yamkele njengeyakho ingxaki unike umxumi uncedo lwethutyana xa imeko ikuvumela oko.
Khuthaza abaxumi ukuba bazalise Imibuzo yeNkonzo yabaXumi ze uyiphose kwibhokisana yeengcebiso kwiSebe elo.
Ungaze uphazamise omnye umsebenzi ngexesha anceda umxumi.
Ungawenzi umsebenzi ongajongananga nabaxumi ngelixa abaxumi balinde kuludwe lokuncedwa.
Phetha uncedo lomxumi ngamnye ngokumbulela umbiza ngegama nangokufakela umsila othi Ubenemin'emnandi'.
Yazisa okwi-ofisi yokwamkela abantu neemfonomfono xa ungenako ukuphendula ifowuni yakho.
Musa ukushiya ifowuni yakho ingaqhoshekanga okanye uyiyeke ikhala ungayiphenduli.
Xa ifowuni inokukhala ixesha elide xolisa kumxumi ngokumlindisa , uphendule ifowuni leyo.
Ncuma xa uphendula ifowuni.
Molo, nguMalusi othethayo, ndingakunceda ngantoniKukuwe ukusebenzisa nolunye ulwimi?
Buza umxumi ukuba 'Ndithetha nabani/no ' ukuze ufumanise igama lakhe.
Fumana igama lomxumi ze ulisebenzise rhoqo apha encokweni yenu. Qinisekisa ukuba ulibiza ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Musukumbambisa umnxeba ixesha elide umntu ofowunayo. Ndaweni yoko mcele ukuba umfowunele wena wakugqiba oko ukwenzayo okanye uceke ukuthatha umyalezo..
Qinisekisa ukuba uzithathe ngobunjalo bazo iinkcukacha zomyalezo.
Gqithisa imiyalezo ingaphelanga imizuzu engama-30 uyifumene (oku kubandakanya nomyalezo obhalwa ephepheni ze ubekwe edesikeni yomntu).
Xa kukho ingxaki engenakusombululeka ngokukhawuleza, zilungiselele into enokwenzeka. Sebenzisa ulwazi onalo lokubeka imihla yamanqam ekwenzeni izinto. Kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, xhesha iimeko ngokusebenzisa uMphathi weSeba lakho.
Thabathela kuwe yonke imibuzo nezikhalazo de zibe zisonjululiwe. Ungaze uthumele umxumi kwelinye iSebe ngaphandle kokuba oko kufaneleke ngokupheleleyo.
Sombulula zonke iingxaki ngokukhawuleza onako ze ubize umxumi ukuba abuye ukuze umxelele ngemeko yesikhalazo sakhe.
Bazise njalo abaxumi ngemeko yezikhalazo zabo.
Emva kokuba ugqibile ngonxibelelwano oluluhlobo "lwesisombululo ngxaki", ungabuza ukuba "Ingaba ikho enye into endingakunceda ngayo namhlanje?
Xolisa xa ngaba isicelo asinakuzalisekiswa kwaye ubosoloko ucebisa ngezinye iindlela zoncedo. Umzekelo, nyusela kwizinga eliphezulu (uhlelo olukumgangatho wengozi osezantsi).
Yiqongqothe ibhokisi yeengcebiso qho ngeveki.
IBD kufuneka iqaphele yonke imiba phambi kokuba igqithisele imibuzwana ebhaliweyo ukuba ihlalutywe yiHO.
Lungelani ukuqalisa ukusebenza nje ukuba lifike ixesha lokuvula.
Musan'ukubaxhesha abaxumi ngexesha lokuvala kwaye abasebenzi mabakulangazelele ukunceda abaxumi nasemva kwexesha lokuvala.
Abaxumi mababonakaliselwe ukuba baboniwe ukuba bkho kwaye bancedwe ingaphelanha imizuzu eli-15 bengenile emnyango. ukuba kuyenzeka ukuba umxumi alinde ixesha elingaphezu koku, nceda umazise ixesha elishiyekileyo esalindile kwaye ucele uxolo.
Uqeqesho lwemihla ngemihla lwabalingani kufanele lubandakanye intetho yoqeqesho lokuziqhelanisa nomsebenzi ethatha imizuzu eli-10 (isenziwa nguBD) eyenziwa phambi kokuba iSebe livulwe.
Ixesha elithatyathiweyo ukusabela imibuzo /izikhalazo kubaxumi.
Indlela yokuthatha izinto nobubele.
Isantya sokusebenza kwanocoselelo.
Ezinye iinzame ezithatyathiweyo.
Bafonele abaxumi endaweni yokubabhalela iileta.
Abaxumi mabangathunyelelwa iileta ezibhalwe ngesandla.
Makusetyenziswe amaphepha embalelwano aneenkcukacha zonxibelelwano ezifanelekileyo, phaya emazantsi.
Ungasebenzisi amaphepha embalelwano kwaneemvulophu ezindala.
Qaphela ukuba iiMemorandum zisetyenziswa kwimbalelwano yangaphakathi emsebenzini kuphela..
Landelela yonke imboleko mali erhoxisiweyo ulandelele kwanabaxumi abagqibileyo ukuhlawula imali mboleko yabo.
Umsebenzi obejongene nesicelo semboleko mali (xa kufaneleke njalo) kufuneka kufuneka atyelele okanye afonele umxumi azame ukufumanisa izizathu zokuba alihlawule aligqibe ityala lakhe ze azame ukumkhuthaza ukuba aphinde aboleke kwakhona.
Kwimbalelwano yakho yokugqibela oyithumela kubaxumi abarhoxisa izicelo zemboleko mali okanye abahlawula ngokupheleleyo imali abayityalayo, faka iphepha elinemibuzo.
ISebe ngalinye kufuneka libe nomboniso, ngaphakathi nangaphandle, wemiqondiso, evunyiweyo lishishini eli.
Amaxesha oshishino kufuneka abhalwe gca ukuze abonakale cace.
Zonke izaziso mazibe kwimeko efanelekileyo. Ayivumelekanga imiqondiso yekhompyutha nemiqondiso ebhalwe emaphepheni ngesandla yaza yancanyathiselwa ezingcangweni nasezindongeni kufuneka isuswe endaweni yayo kubekwe imiqondiso eshicilelweyo.
Makungabikho zaziso neeposta ezincanyathiselwe ngesaloteyiphu.
Yonke imiqondiso engaphandle mayicoceke ifaneleke ibe kwimeko esebenzisekayo ukuba iqaqanjiswe ngemihombiso.
Yonke imiqondiso engaphakathi mayicoceke ibe kwimeko efanelekileyo.
Iziphekephekana ezinamagama abasebezi mazinxitywe lonke ixesha.
Makungatshaywa, kutyiwe okanye kuselwe emboniselweni yabaxumi kulo lonki iSebe.
Zonke iindawo zokusebenzela ezivelayo kubaxumi mazigcinwe zicocekile kwaye kwaye zikubume bomsebenzi.
Makuncedwe kuqinisekiswe ukuba umfanekiso weSebe ugcinwa umhle kwaye izixhobo ezaphukileyo nezonakeleyo zithathelw'indawo zezitsha xa kukho imfuneko yoko.
Iindonga mazigcinwe zicocekile zingenalo nechaphaza ngalo lonke ixesha.
Iifestile mazigcinwe zicocekile kwaye zingophukanga.
Imidiyadiya yeefestile mayicoceke, ingakrazuki ibe nenkangeleko entle.
Izibane mazibe kwimo yokusebenziseka. Iindawo ekusetyenzelwa kuzo mazikhanyiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Makubekho izityana ekutshayelwa kuzo ezaneleyo kwiindawo ekuncedwa kuzo abaxumi.
Makungabekwa izaziso zabasebenzi kwiindawo ekuncedwa kuzo abaxumi.
Mazigcinwe zicocekile iindawo zabasebenzi ngalo lonke ixesha.
Wonke umsebenzi weSebe makasoloko eyithathel'ingqalelo inkangeleko yeSebe kwaye ancedise ekugcineni inkangeleko esemgangathweni ngalo lonke ixesha. Abasebenzi mabanxibe iimpahla ezifanelekileyo nezamkelekileyo ekusebenzni kwii-ofisi zoshishino.
Iincwadan azeshishini ezaneleyo mazibekwe ngocwangco kwiindawo ekunikwa kuzo abaxumi uncedo.
Njengoko sikholelwa ukuba ukunakekela abaxumi kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yeLand Bank, olu yilo lusephepheni lungasentla apha kufanele ukuba lumiselwe ngalo lonke ixesha.
Bonk abasebenzi abanika iinkonzo kubaxumi kunyanzelekile ukuba banikwe uqeqesho lweNkonzo eseMgangathweni olunikwe abaqeqeshi abakwaba nagbasebenzi. Le nkqubo iza kuqhutya ziincutshe zengingqi, zeenkonzo zabaxumi. Oku kuyakuqinisekisa ukuba siyafikelela kwiinjongo zethu zeokuninka iNkono efanelekileyo.
Ukuba unemibuzo okanye into ongayiqondiyo ngoku kubhalwe ngasentla, khululeka uqhakamshelane nesebe lezeNtengiso noRhwebo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Intetho kaSekela mPhathiswa uLindiwe Hendricks.txt</fn>
Ndivuseleleka kakhulu ukuba lapha ngexesha lotyelelo loshishino olucacileyo lwe-dti kwidolophu yenu. Kubalulekile ngokokwam ukuba ushishino olucacileyo lwe-dti lude lweza eMpuma Koloni, ummandla ophinde walikhaya lam. Xa ndandize eMpuma Koloni okokuqala njengomfundi kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, ndatsalelwa ukuba ndifake isandla kwezopolitiko nakusukuzwano lweepolitiki kulo mmandla. IMpuma Koloni inembali ende neqhayiya ekuchasaneni nosukuzwano ngokobuhlanga nengcinezelo, yaye ibe nakho ukuvelisa iingqondi kwakunye neenkokheli. Ubuchule obafumaneka ngezontsuku basiqeqesha ukuba sibe ziinkokheli ezilungileyo eziqondayo ukuba kulungiselelwa njani yaye kuthathwa inxaxheba ngempumelelo nangokuqhuba ulwakhiwo. Bobu buchule obusincede kakuhle kuMzantsi Afrika olawula ngentando yesininzi yaye buyafuneka kwezopolitiko; Obu buchule bunokuba lulutho ngamandla ukuqhuba ishishini. Umceli mngeni wethu kuMzantsi Afrika olawula ngentando yesininzi ayiselulo ucalucalulo kodwa kukutyhalela ubuhlwempu obugqubayo umva buhlwempu obo babangelwa ngurhulumente wengcinezelo. Kufuneka sisebenzise bonke ubuchule esibufumeneyo kwiminyaka edlulileyo ukwenzela sikwazi ukwenza le nto kwaye kufuneka sisebenzise onke amaqhinga okuyila akhoyo kuthi, njengophuhliso lwamashishini asakhulayo, ukwenzela sidale amathuba emisebenzi sidambise ubuhlwempu. Kubalulekile kum ukuba abantu balo mmandla babe nakho ukujika obo buchule bokufaka isandla kwezopolitiko bube bubuchule boshishino baze bafumane iindlela zokuncedana njengoko besisenza ngaphambi ko-1994.
Enye yeentsingiselo ezivelisiweyo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo kukuba abantu bethu balindele lukhulu kurhulumente kunokuba nako angakunikeza. Ndinakana ukuba thina kurhulumente, njengeenkokheli namagosa kulawulo lwabantu abaqeshiweyo, funeka sityhalwe ukunikeza iinkonzo ezingcono nezinobulunga ebantwini beli lizwe, kodwa abantu baseMzantsi Afrika banendima ebalulekileyo abafuna ukuyidlala ukwenzela ukukhulisa eli lizwe ngoqoqosho. Oku kukuba urhulumente unabo ubutyebi anokuphila ngabo kwezi zinto zilindelekileyo yaye unako ukwakha imigaqo, ukunikezela ngemali ezikolweni, ukubhatala iipenshini, ukuxhasa abantwana, ukunikeza ngeekliniki nangezinye izinto ezininzi.
Kungenxa yomyalezo osengqondweni endisoloko ndiwunikezela kwiiforam zeshishini endenza intetho kuzo, ukukhumbuza abarhwebi ngendima karhulumente ekuxhaseni amashishini asakhulayo. Singabenzi lula, abaxhasi bamashishini yaye sizinzise iindlela ezininzi zokuncedisa ii-SMME kodwa ngumsebenzi onzima wabarhwebi ngoku ngokwabo ukuzibophelela ekwenzeni umsebenzi weshishini labo ukuba ibe ngowona ubalulekileyo kwimpumelelo yelo shishini, nokwenzela uqoqosho lommandla, kwakunye nowelizwe. Urhulumente akanakho ukukuqalela ishishini aliqalele okanye aliqhubele wena kodwa into esingayenza nesizama ngamandla kakhulu ukuyenza, kuku kuncedisa ngokukunika iingcebiso, uqeqesho, ulwazi, ukukutshintshela kulwazi ngobugcisa jikelele, ukukuqinisekisa ngobulunga, ukuphuhlisa ubuchule kwakunye nezinye iindlela ezininzi zokuxhasa. Owona mceli mngeni wethu mkhulu kukuqinisekisa ukuba le nkxaso iyafumaneka kubo bonke abarhwebi, kwilizwe liphela.
Ukhuliso nophuhliso lweedolophu ezincinci kunye neendawo ezisemaphandleni zelizwe lethu kubaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho nakuphuhliso lasekuhlaleni lelizwe lethu, kodwa sidla ngokubona ukuba zezi ndawo ezingayifumaniyo inkxaso neziyifunayo. Oku kusalela kwenkxaso akuqhubekeki ngenxa yokuba sikwenze ikheswa ukubaluleka kwezi ndawo kwilizwe lethu koko kungenxa yobukhulukazi belizwe lethu kwakunye neenzima zokuxhasa abantu kunye namashishini eendawo ngokwaneleyo. I -dti inakane oku yaye iyawuchaza lo mceli mngeni ngokuhambisa ushishino olucacileyo lwe-dti.
Manenekazi namanene, mlawuli nkqubo; okwangoku ushishino olucacileyo lwe -dti linyathelo lokuqala elibalaseleyo ukulungiselela ukuxhasa iinkonzo zoshishino ixeshana elifutshane yaye ngokuqinisekileyo liza kunceda amashishini amaninzi kwilizwe liphela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, Andikholelwa ukuba njengesisombululo sexesha elide liyagcinwa. Ndingathanda ukubona kwixesha elide uzinziso olusisigxina lokuxhasa iziko lenkonzo yeshishini kwezi ndawo yaye loo maziko adibane ku-dti nolunye usapho lwamaziko. Xa ujonga inani leedolophu ezincinci nobukhulukazi beendawo zethu zasemaphandleni, ayinokwenza ukuba I -dti okanye amashishini abenzeli azalisekise alungelelanise inkqubo enjalo ngaphandle kwenkxaso esebenzayo yorhulumente wengingqi norhulumente wephondo. Kukho izinto ezingenzeka ukuba sifuna ukuphonononga ukuba singawasebenzisa njani lamaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza anjengamathala eencwadi, ii -ofisi zikamasipala okanye iindawo zokwamkela ukunika inkxaso kubarhwebi. Ndikholelwa ngokumandla ukuba umsebenzi omninzi ufuna ukwenziwa ngurhulumente kazwelonke, wephondo kwakunye nowengingqi ukuchaza kakuhle iimfuno zabarhwebi kwiidolophu ezincinci nakwiindawo ezisemaphandleni.
Inkxaso efuna ukunikezwa kubarhwebi asiyonkxaso yemali kuphela njengoko kudla ngokucingwa njalo ngabantu. Le nkxaso ibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa ayonelanga ukuqinisekisa impumelelo yeshishini. Abantu bethu kufuneka benikwe ingcebiso zokuba liqalwa njani ishishini, ukuyila njani ukusebenza nokuqhutywa kweshishini, yaye ulibhalisa njani ishishini. Bafuna inkxaso ngohlobo lokuqeqeshwa ukwenzelwa baqhube ishishini ngokusebenzayo nangokunenzuzo. Bakwa funa ukwazi ukuba bangayirhwebisa njani imveliso yabo kwakunye neenkonzo zamashishini abo kwakunye nokuba bangawagqibezela njani amaxwebhu abo obulondolozi ukwenzela babenakho ukukhuphisana ngezivumelwano zikarhulumente. Njengoko amashishini esiya ebanobunkunkqele kukuba inkxaso enokwenzeka abayifunayo iyanda, umzekelo ijonge ekuphuculeni kulwazi ngobugcisa jikelele, ukuzimanya kumanqanaba ezizwe, njl-njl.
Siyaqonda ukuba kukho inani lemiceli mngeni elijongene namashishini asakhulayo eMzantsi Afrika yaye le miceli mngeni ijongwe ngelihlo elibukhali ngamashishini amancinci kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni nakwiidolophu ezincinci. Iinkonzo ezithe zanikezelwa lushishino olucacileyo lwe-dti ngokuqinisekileyo amaninzi aqala ngokuchaza le miceli mngeni yaye ekuhambeni kwexesha namhlanje, uza kuva ngaphezulu ngokuba singakunceda kanjani.
Manene namanenekazi, inkxaso esithi njengorhulumente siyinikeze kumashishini asakhulayo iyimfuneko kakhulu ukuba sifuna ukuphuhla nokukhula njengelizwe nanjengoqoqosho, kungenxa yoko ushishino olucacileyo lwe-dti ilulo oluphatheleleke kakhulu. Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, kungamashishini asakhulayo ukuba singaba nakho ukuchaza inani lemiceli mngeni engundoqo ejongene noluntu lwethu, ingakumbi ngokwengxaki zokungabinamsebenzi, ukukhula koqoqosho, namandla oqoqosho lwabamnyama. Ayisikokuba kungamashishini asezixekweni ezikhulu into yokuba sizakuzichaza ezi nyewe, kungamashishini onke, kwilizwe lonke lethu liphela. Ishishini lakho kwidolophu okanye kwilali yakho ngenxa yoko, ibaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni impumelelo yeli lizwe.
Eminye yemisebenzi urhulumente ayenzayo ayinakubonakala iphathelelene nawe, kodwa ngumsebenzi wokuphucula imeko elizweni ukwenzela okungqonge ushishino kube kokwakhayo, ntoleyo amashishini aseMzantsi Afrika angaba nakho ukwandisa indlela zawo zokusebenza, kuba kukho iinkampani ezintsha zamanye amazwe ezizinziswe eMzantsi Afrika, kwaye kukho amathuba amaninzi akhoyo kubarhwebi bengingqi. Ngenxa yalo msebenzi kukho inani lamathuba amaninzi anika umdla wamashishini eMzantsi Afrika namhlanje -siluqoqosho olukhulayo, indawo enomtsalane kubakhenkethi bezizwe yaye ngaphezulu nangaphezulu siba ngabaxhasi bezizwe kwizinto ezenziwayo. Kwabanye benu abo bangekabikho kushishino okanye abo benu bajonge ukwandisa iingqiqo zabo, oku kunikezela ngethuba elinomdla. Kuza kubakho inani lemiceli mngeni ukoyisa ukulandela amathuba anjalo, kodwa imivuzo mikhulu kwabo basebenza nzima yaye banempumelelo. Eminye imizekelo yamathuba, nawo afumanekayo kumashishini kwiidolophu ezincinci nakwiindawo ezisemaphandleni oMzantsi Afrika, kuku khenketho, ekwakhiweni kwezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle nakwinkqubo edibene nolimo.
Njengabarhwebi nikwafuneka niqalise ukujonga ngaphaya kwemida yedolophu yakho okanye ilali ujonge okuqhubekayo kumaziko oshishino amakhulu aseMzantsi Afrika nakwimarike zezizwe. Ndiqinisekile ukuba abacebisi beshishini abakhoyo apha namhlanje banganinikeza ulwazi olungaphaya ngamathuba akhoyo, nokuba ungaqalisa njani ukufikelela kuwo nokuqalisa ukujonga ukuba i -dti ingakuxhasa njani kula malinge.
Manene namanenekazi, ukuphetha, ndingathanda ukunibulela ngokuza kushishino olucacileyo lwe -dti kwaye ndiyathemba ukuba niza kuzuza kulwazi nakwinkxaso eza kunikezwa apha namhlanje. Ndakhumkhanyo ukubona amashishini enu ekhula nani nisiba ngabarhwebi abanempumelelo.
Phambi kokuba ndivale, ndingathanda ukucela ukuba la mashishini akhoyo apha namhlanje nanalo elithuba lokufumanisa ngokuphandle ukuba i -dti iwathembisa ntoni amashishini, athabathe olu lwazi abuyele kubantu bamashishini abangakwazanga ukubakho namhlanje.
Ndiyabulela ngokundiphula phula.
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Kuyimbeko enkulu kum ukunikezela kuluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika i-White Paper ehlaziyiweyo ngezemidlalo nolonwabo. Le White Paper imele ukuqinisekiswa kwendlela ezeMidlalo noLonwabo ezinganegalelo ngayo kwintlalontle jikelele yabantu boMzantsi Afrika. Yiyona ndlela iphucukileyo yokubandakanya ulutsha kwizinto ezinentsingiselo nezinegalelo ekwakhiweni kweendawo zasekuhlaleni.
Kwiminyaka emihlanu engaphambili, umgaqo-nkqubo wokuqala ngezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo wapapashwa kuhlelo lokuqala le-White Paper apho imiceli-mngeni, imigaqo-nkqubo kunye namanyathelo aphambili acaciswa ngokuphuhlileyo. Kuninzi osele kwenziwe ukuhlangabezana nalo miceli-mngeni, namanyathelo aphambili, kodwa ngenxa yokunqaba kwexesha kunye nobuqili isende indlela eseza kuhanjwa. Ngokusekelwe kwinkqubo, amanyathelo aphambili namacebo aqulathe konke kaRhulumente kaZwelonke, ukulandelelwaniswa kwamanyathelo aphambili e-Sport and Recreation SA aye ahlengahlengiswa kwaye aguqulwa. Ezi nguqulo zenzelwe ukunyusa isantya sokunikezelwa kweenkonzo.
Ukunika isiphumo kuMgaqo-nkqubo onatyisiweyo kaRhulumente wobomi obungcono kubantu bonke kunye nokwenza ukuba isizwe sidlale, ukusekwa kweSouth African Sports Commission kulinyathelo elakhayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezemidlalo zifikelela kwindawo zonke zelizwe lethu. Ukwabiwelwa kwiingqokelela yobutyebi yokunika isiQabu kwiNtlupheko, ukwaKhiwa kwamaZiko oLuntu, iNtlangano yezeMisebenzi kunye nenzuzo esuka kwinkqubo yokungcakaza kazwelonke ukuze kuphuhliswe amaziko emidlalo kunye nawokonwaba kwindawo ezihlelelekileyo kuyindlela eyiyo yokwenza ukuba ezemidlalo zifikeleleke kwisininzi sabemi beli lizwe.
a Ukunyusa inqanaba lentatho-nxaxheba kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
b Ukunyusa imbonakalo yezemidlalo xa kujongenwe namanyathelo aphambili angquzulanayo.
c Ukwandisa amathuba empumelelo kumacandelo okhuphiswano aphambili.
La manyathelo aphambili ngokommo wawo anenguqu kwaye lo mqulu uphendula lonke uxanduva ekujongwene nalo, lo gama ubeka imisebenzi yethu phakathi kwimo yomgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente.
Ukungalingani phakathi kwabo banako ikakhulu iindawo zasezidolophini, kunye neendawo ezihlelelekileyo ikakhulu iindawo zasemaphandleni.
Ukuba kutsha nokuthelekiswa kombono wecebo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wokuphuhliswa kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Imfuneko yokuba uMzantsi Afrika uthabathe indawo yawo elilungelo kwihlabathi lezemidlalo.
Ukulindeleka kokokuba i-SRSA ilungiselele iimfuno zabemi bebonke, ngohlahlo-lwabiwo zimali olufanayo nolo lwalulungiselelwe nje i-20% yabemi kwinkqubo yangaphambili.
Umgaqo-nkqubo woMzantsi Afrika ngokuphathelelene nezemidlalo nolonwabo kufuneka uphuhliswe kule meko.
Nangona indlela esizivelela ngazo ezemidlalo nolonwabo kufuneka isekelwe phantsi kwento ezixatyisiweyo nenkolelo- inzululwazi ngezelizwe, ubudlelwane, imbali kunye nemafa, umgaqo-nkqubo wethu wemidlalo nolonwabo kufuneka ibe nokuphendula kwifuthe lehlabathi.
Iinzame eziliqela zenziwe ukucacisa imidlalo nolonwabo ngendlela engqalileyo. Kambe akukho kufikelela kwisivumelwano kulo mba. Ngenjongo zale-White Paper, le ngcaciso ilandelayo iyakwanela.
IMIDLALO ingacacisa njengomsebenzi ofuna inqanaba elibonakalayo lokuthatha inxaxheba komzimba kwaye apho abathathi nxaxheba bazibandakanya kwimeko equlunqiweyo okanye engaqulunqwanga, ngenjongo zokwazisa ophumeleleyo, nangona kungekho kukuphela kwako okanye kuphela ukuziphumza, ukwanela komntu, impilo yomzimba, ukukhula komoya womntu kunye nokuphuhla.
UKUZONWABISA kukhokhelwa yindlela yokuthatha inxaxheba ngokuzithandela kuwo nawuphi umsebenzi onegalelo ekuphuculeni kwempilo, isimo esihle kunye nezakhono zabo bobabini umntu nentlalo.
Kuphawuleka ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kunokungazi jikelele kweli lizwe malunga nendima edlalwa yimidlalo nolonwabo. Iqela leentloko zoRhulumente eleNza umSebenzi le-Commonwealth e-Harare laphawula ngolu hlobo lulandelayo malunga nomfutho wemidlalo kwintlalo: " Kulilixa ukuba indima ephambili edlalwa zezemidlalo kwinkqubo yokwakhiwa kwesizwe ivunywe ngokupheleleyo. Imidlalo lutyalo-mali. Okokuqala lulutyalo-mali kwezempilo, ukudlamka kunye nemveliso yoluntu lwakho. Okwesibini kulutyalo-mali kwikamva. Iziphumo ngokwasentlalweni ziquka ikuphucuka kwenqanaba lempilo iyonke kunye nomzimba, ingqondo kunye nokuma kokuziphatha kwabemi. Ngaphaya koko abadlali abane- mpumelelo bayimizekelo yendima kulutsha lwelizwe njengabaphumeleleyo, oonozakuzaku abangekhoyo abangatyunjwanga ngokwasemthethweni, kwaye njengabantu abazinikezele kukulingana kunye nokwanelisayo kukhuphiswano. Ngenxa yokubonakala ezemidlalo zingadlala indima enkulu ukubuyisana kukungalingani kwesini kunye nokucalucalulwa kwabalimeleyo kunye nabo bangamaqela amancinane."
Kodwa, mhlawumbi okona kubalulekileyo ngaphezu kwako konke yindima yemidlalo ukukhuthaza umanyano lwesizwe.
Imiphumela yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo idlulela ngaphaya kwentatho-nxaxheba kuphela. Ivakala nakwezinye iinkalo ezininzi zobomi ezinjengeMpilo; iMfundo, ezoQoqosho; ukuziphatha okungahambisani netlalo yoluntu, ukwakhiwa kweSizwe kunye noNxibelelwano lwaMazwe nagaMazwe.
i Izigulo ezininzi ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zinokuba zixhomekeke ekunyangweni kunye / okanye kwimisebenzi yomzimba emayilawulwe.
i Kumazwe asakhulayo kukholeleka okokuba ngeRandi nganye esetyenzisiweyo kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo, i-akhawunti yezempilo iyehla ngeerandi ezilikhulu.
i Okufundwayo kubonisa okokuba ezemidlalo zinika umntwana ubuchule bobomi ngendlela ethile engogqithwayo nguwo nawuphi na umsebenzi.
Kukwakho nobungqina obubonisa okokuba imfundo yezemvelo ikhokelela kwizenzo zesikolo eziphuculiweyo.
i Ngeempembelelo eziqinisekisiweyo kwezempilo, imisebenzi yezomzimba ineziphumo ezamkelekileyo kumanqanaba emveliso.
i Ukuchasana nentetho ethi usathana uzifumanela umsebenzi izandla ezinqenayo kukuba umntwana okwezemidlalo ngumntwana ongekho sentolongweni.
Isenzo sokubi sinxulunyaniswa nokuzixabisa okuphantsi, kwaye impumelelo kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo yenza ukuphucula ukuzixabisa.
i Abantu abayimizekelo kwezemidlalo baphakathi kwabo bangabenzi bengcamango eziphambili kumazwe amaninzi.
Impumelelo eninzi kwezemidlalo enje ngebhola yombhoxo, ibhola ekhatywayo kunye nomdlalo wamanqindi ikhokelele ekuncipheni kwemizekelo yomonakalo wobuhlanga kweli lizwe.
i Impumelelo kwezemidlalo iza nokunakanwa, nakumazwe amancinane.
Amazwe ehlabathi lilonke andisa ukuqhutwa kwenkqubo yabo yamazwe ngamazwe ngendlela edlula kwintsebenziswano yezemidlalo nolonwabo.
Ngokunakanwa kwefuthe elityhutyhayo lezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kwinkangeleko yonke yommandla, ubuPhathiswa, iMidlalo noLonwabo eMzantsi Afrika kunye neKomishini yeMidlalo yoMzantsi Afrika yavumalana kula manyathelo okuqala asi-8 alandelayo, enza isiseko se-White Paper.
Ukungqinisisa imisebenzi kunye nokufezekisa iimfanelo zabo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo abahlukahlukeneyo kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo ukuqinisekisa okokuba ukulungelelana kunye noqoqosho kuya phunyezwa.
Urhulumente wezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo eMzantsi afrika unokucaciswa ngokwale oganogram ingezantsi.
Ipalamente, ingakumbi ngoMphathiswa kunye neKomiti eyonyuliweyo ikakhulu inoxanduva lokuchaza inkqubo karhulumente, umthetho kunye nolwabiwo loqingqo mali lwezemidlalo nolonwabo.
Lwandiso lwemigangatho yokuthatha inxaxheba kwezemidlalo nolonwabo.
Ukunyusa izinga lezemidlalo kumanyathelo aphambili angqubanayo.
Ukwandisa kangangoko ukuba nethemba lokwenzeka kwempumelelo kwizehlo eziphambili zamazwe.
Ukubeka ezemidlalo ngaphambili kwiinzame zokuxoxa ngemiba ebalulekileyo kazwelonke.
Velisa ezeMidlalo kwinkqubo yemeko kazwelonke yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Hlawulwa kwala magosa angasentla.
Nyuswa koncedo olwenziwe ngabagunyazisi bale ndawo, oko kusenzelwa izigigaba zikazwelonke kunye namaphondo.
Ukuvelisa inkqubo kuloo ndawo ingqongileyo ithile.
Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Ukuhlawulwa kwamagosa aphambili angala, imibutho, kunye nabantu.
Ukwenziwa koncedo ukuze lusetyenziselwe iindawo ezithile kunye namaphondo.
a Lawula iivoti zezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kurhulumente kazwelonke.
b Ukuxhasa I-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeMidlalo kunye noLonwabo.
c Ukunika inkxaso ngokombono karhulumente kubo bonke abo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
d Ukulungelelanisa kunye nokuncedisa ekuyileni wonke umthetho wezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
e Ukutolika inkqubo karhulumente ebanzi kunye nokuyiguqula uyenze iinkqubo zezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo zoMzantsi Afrika, uqwalasele kwakhona ezo nkqubo xa kuyimfuneko, uze ujonge ukuphunyezwa kwezo nkqubo.
f Ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo neenkqubo zamanye amasebe karhulumente ngomoya woyilo kunye nonikelo olungamxhelo mnye.
g Ukunikwa kwengcebiso yezomthetho ngombono karhulumente kubo bonke abo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
i Ukulawula ulwalamano loburhulumente oko kukuthi ulalwamano oluphakathi kwamasebe karhulumente eMzantsi Afrika ngokuthe tyaba kunye nangokuthe nkqo kananjalo nakoorhulumente baphesheya besebenzisana noMzantsi Afrika kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
j Ukuvuma iminikelo engaqhelekanga yabadlali kumabandla oMzantsi Afrika egameni loMongameli ngenxa yoMvuzo wezeMidlalo yoMongameli mbuso unyaka nonyaka.
k Ukufumanela ezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo ubutyebi baphesheya ngophuhliso olululo lukaZwelonke leNdawo ekugcinwa kuyo imali.
l Ukunxibelelana ngezinto ezizalanayo zemidlalo kunye nolonwabo ngombono karhulumente.
m Ukuphendula kunye nokulungelelanisa iimpendulo kwimibuzo yasePalamente kwizinto zemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
n Ukwenza ubuchule, ukulungelelanisa kunye nokujonga ukwenziwa kunye nokunyuswa kwamaziko akhoyo wezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo ngokuphuhlisa inkqubo yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
a Jonga uburhulumente bezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo ngokwenkqubo karhulumente kazwelonke.
b Qhubela phambili ukwenziwa kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo epalamente.
c Xoxa kwaye unike icebo ngomthetho oncedayo.
d Ukucebisa ngeentsingiselo zezizwe kwimiba yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Ulwakhiwo lwezephondo lubusondela ngenyathelo elinye kuhambiso lwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kunelungu lalo elihamba nelinye likazwelonke.
a Kwenza imidlalo kunye nolonwabo ibe nokufikeleleka kubo bonke abantu kwiphondo.
Unikela ngamaziko akhoyo afunekayo kwimidlalo kunye nolonwabo kunye nogcino lwawo.
b Kuqinisekisa ubukho beenkqubo ezivelisa ukubanokubakho kobutyebi boluntu kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
c Kuvelisa ubume benkqubo yokulawula ezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kumaphondo oko kungamxhelo mnye nenkqubo kazwelonke yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
d Kulungelelanisa ukuchaphazeleka kwamasebe ahlukahlukeneyo karhulumente wamaphondo ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana nenkqubo yamaphondo yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
e Kuphumeza izivumelwano zezizwe njengoko kufikelelwa kuzo zezeMidlalo kunye noLonwabo zoMzantsi Afrika, ngenjongo zokwabelana ngobugcisa, nokutshintshelwa kobuchule komnye kunye nokukhuliswa kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Iziphatha mandla zale ndawo zinoqhakamshelwano oluthe ngqo namanxuwa okunikela ngezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
a Kuvelisa ubume benkqubo yokulawula ezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kumaphondo oko kungamxhelo mnye nenkqubo kazwelonke kunye namaphondo yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
b Kwenza imidlalo kunye nolonwabo ibe nokufikeleleka kubo bonke abantu abakwindawo ezingqongileyo.
c Kwenza amaziko akhoyo afunekayo ukuze anike ezemidlalo kunye nezolonwabo. Njengoko kunikiwe okokuba umbutho yinto esisiseko sezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo, abagunyazisi bendawo ezingqongileyo bayinto edibanisayo ebalulekileyo kwityathanga lexabiso.
d Kuvelisa ubume benkqubo yokulawula ezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kumaphondo oko kungamxhelo mnye nenkqubo kazwelonke yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo e Kuphumeza izivumelwano zezizwe ngamxhelo mnye namaSebe amaPhondo anoxanduva lwezeMidlalo noLonwabo njengoko kufikelelwa kuzo zezeMidlalo kunye noLonwabo zoMzantsi Afrika I-SARS, ngenjongo zokwabelana ngobugcisa, nokutshintshelwa kobuchule komnye kunye nokukhuliswa kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Ngexesha I-SARS inoxanduva oluqulethe konke lokwenza lula kunye nokujonga intshukumo yabathatha inxaxheba ekuveliseni ezemidlalo, inendima ethile yokuhlanganisa abo bangathathi nxaxheba ngokwenkqubo zolonwabo. Njengangoku I-SARS idlala indima ebalulekileyo.
Ulawulo, unyuselo kunye nolungelelaniso lwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo yiKhomishini yoMzantsi Afrika a Ukukhulisa kunye nokuphumeza uyilo lwezemidlalo lukazwelonke kunye nokuqinisekisa uncedo olufikelelekayo, ukhuphiswano kunye nokubakhona kwamaziko emibutho kwaye alawulwe ngobuchule.
Ukuchonga kunye nokuthelekisa uncedo, iimfuno zombutho kunye nokhuphiswano lwamaziko akhoyo kunye nokuvelisa uyilo olulungiselelweyo.
Ukukhulisa kunye nokunika izixhobo kunye nengqeqesho ukuqinisekisa okokuba uncedo, imibutho kunye nolwakhiwo lokhuphiswano lwenziwa kwaye lulawulwa ngobuchule.
b Ukuphucula ubulunga bezigigaba zemidlalo bezizwe ngezizwe ezisingathwe nguMzantsi Afrika.
Ukukhulisa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kokubiza ixabiso kunye nokusingathwa kwezigigaba zezizwe ngezizwe.
Ukuncedisa umanyo lwamazwe kunye nemibutho ezinikwe imvume zokusingatha izigigaba zamazwe ngamazwe.
c Ukuqinisekisa ubukho bendlela yangaphakathi yokusombulula imbambano kuyo yonke imibutho yentlanganisela kazwelonke phambi kokuba ingenelele ukulamla ngokwayo kunye nongenelelo olungenziwa nguMphathiswa mva.
Ukwalathwa kwezakhono kunye nokuxhaswa kwemidlalo a Ukwalatha abadlali abanesakhono ukuqinisekisa okokuba amaqela oMzantsi Afrika amelwe ngokupheleleyo.
Ukumiselwa kweendlela zomsebenzi, ukuchongwa kwezixhobo kunye noyilo lwesakhono.
Ukuchonga abadlali abanesakhono uze ubabeke kwiinkqubo zokukhula ezikhawulezayo.
b Ukunika indlela kwinkxaso yobunzululwazi, uqeqesho, iinkonzo ezikhulisiweyo zobuchule bobomi, ufundise kwaye uqinisekise ngenkxaso yezentlalo yemeko bume ukuze wandise inani leembasa kunye nemidlalo yovavanyo ephunyelelwa nguMzantsi Afrika.
Ukumisela ulwahlulelwano kunye nothungelwano kunye nabo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo abanxulumene noko ukuba balathe isakhono baze banike inkxaso yobunzululwazi, ingqeqesho, uqheliso, ukukhuliswa kobuchule bobomi kunye nenkxaso yezentlalo.
Ukumisela kunye nokunika icebo kwizikolo zemfundo ephakamileyo zezemidlalo ukuba banikele ngeenkonzo.
Ukunika ubutyebi bolwazi, izimali kunye nolungiselelo lwenkxaso ukuphuhlisa abadlali.
Ukwalatha imidlalo efuna amanyathelo okuqala apho ubutyebi belizwe bungajoliswa khona, ukulandelela inkqubela kunye nokungenelela apho kuyimfuneko.
Ukufumana, ukulawula kunye nokusasaza ulwazi ngezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo ukwakha uvimba wolwazi.
Ukuphuhlisa intsebenziswano ukukhuthaza ubukho bobutyebi bezimali kunye nenkxaso ngabaxhasi, uRhulumente kunye nenkonzo yongcakazo kazwelonke.
Ukunikezela inkxaso yezimali ngenkqubo yokuxhasa abadlali.
Ukucebisa uMphathiswa ngokuphathelelene nemigaqo-nkqubo efunekayo yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Ukuphuhlisa kunye nokumilisela imigaqo-nkqubo ngokuxhaswa ngemali kwezemidlalo, uguquko lwezemidlalo, ulawulo lwezemidlalo ngokunxulumene nobulungu be-SASC, kunye nemibala yelizwe.
Ukuphuhlisa lo migaqo-nkqubo njengoko kungayimfuneko ukukhuthaza, ukuphuhlisa kunye nokulungelelanisa imidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
a Ukumiliselwa komgaqo-nkqubo wemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kaRhulumente kwinqanaba likazwelonke.
b Umongo womsebenzi we-NOCSA ngokwe-Tshatha ye-Olimpiki, kukuqinisekisa intatho-nxaxheba yabadlali boMzantsi Afrika kwimidlalo ye-Olimpiki, kunye nokuphumeza uxanduva lwayo lokugqwesa. Oku kuquka ukukhuliswa kwezinga lokwalathwa kwezakhono Ukugqwesa kokwenza umsebenzi, ukukhawuleziswa kokunikezelwa kunye nosebenza njengesandla esikhokhelayo se-Akhademi kaZwelonke, kwakunye nokuphosa iliso kwiZiko loQeqesho le-Olimpiki.
c Ukuqunisekisa kobukho bendlela yokusombulula imbambano phakathi kwamaqela e-Olimpiki azimanye nayo.
d Ukusoloko igcine unxibelelwano kunye neMibutho ye-Olimpiki yase-Afrika ngokunxulumene nendima yayo, ngokwendlela yokusebenzisana kunye nemisebenzi eyenziwe kunye ngokoxanduva lwayo.
a Ukumiliselwa komgaqo-nkqubo wemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kaRhulumente kwinqanaba likazwelonke.
a Ukumiliselwa komgaqo-nkqubo wemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kaRhulumente kumanqanaba kazwelonke, amaphondo kunye nakwiindawo zasekuhlaleni.
b Umongo womsebenzi wentlanganisela zemibutho zikazwelonke kukuba zizandla zokunikezela kwiingqokelela zemidlalo engqalene nazo. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokuqinisekiswa kokufikelela ngokulinganayo kwimidlalo yayo, inkqubo zokwalathwa kwezakhono, ukusekwa kwamaqela abo baqhutywa ziintliziyo kunye nokukhuliswa kwentatho-nxaxheba.
c Ukwenza iziphakamiso egameni lemidlalo yalo kwimibuthwana kunye nobuPhathiswa/SRSA/SASC.
d Ukuphuhlisa indlela zokusombulula imbambano kumacandelo emidlalo ayo kunye nokukhweba ukulamla kombutho ongasentla xa kuyimfuneko.
e Ukuqalisa izenzo zokukhuthaza imidlalo yayo ukuze kuqinisekise intatho-nxaxheba ephezulu, intatho-nxaxheba enokumelwa.
f Ukumela imidlalo kumanqanaba angentla, uRhulumente, kwizwekazi, kunye nentlangano zamazwe ngamazwe.
g Ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaqela amaphondo azimanye nawo anamathela kwimida ngokomgaqo-nkqubo kazwelonke.
Iintlanganisela zemibutho zamaPhondo zinoxanduva olufanayo nentlanganisela zemibutho zikazwelonke, umahluko obalulekileyo ikukuba zinendawo zolawulo ezizezazo.
Umbutho ovunyiweyo wokulungelelanisa nokuququzelela imidlalo esikolweni yi-USSASA (Umbutho ohlangeneyo weMidlalo kwiziKolo eMzantsi Afrika).
a Ukumiliselwa komgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente ngemidlalo nolonwabo ezikolweni.
Ukunika igalelo kuqulunqo lwezifundo zemithambo c Ukwenza iziphakamiso kwimibutho engasentla kunye namasebe kaRhulumente ngokunxulumene nemidlalo yezikolo.
d Ukwenza unxibelelwano neetlanganisela zemibutho kazwelonke kunye neyamaphondo ngokunxulumene ngokukodwa nemidlalo yodidi olusezantsi kunye nolutsha.
f Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwamaqela eZikolo ezingabameli boMzantsi Afrika.
Umbutho ovunyiweyo wolungelelaniso nokuququzelela imidlalo kwinqanaba lemfundo ephezulu yi-SASSU (Umanyano lweMidlalo yabaFundi eMzantsi Afrika).
a Ukumiliselwa komgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente ngemidlalo nolonwabo kwizikolo zemfundo ephakamileyo.
b Umongo womsebenzi we-SASSU uquka ukwahlulelana ngobutyebi obukhethekileyo kokubini abantu kunye namaziko kunye neendawo zasekuhlaleni, ukunyusa inqanaba lentatho-nxaxheba, kunye nokulungelelanisa ukhuphiswano ngaphakathi naphakathi kweziziseko.
c Ukwenza iziphakamiso kwimibutho engasentla kunye namasebe kaRhulumente ngokunxulumene nemidlalo yezikolo zemfundo ephakamileyo.
d Ukwenza unxibelelwano netlanganisela zemibutho kazwelonke kunye neyamaphondo.
f Ukukhuthaza intatho-inxaxheba yoMzantsi Afrika kwiziganeko zemidlalo yezikolo zemfundo ephakamileyo zamazwe ngamazwe.
Iqela sisiseko esisezantsi sokunikezela imidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
a Ukumilisela umgaqo-nkqubo kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kwinqanaba leqela/isiqu.
b Umongo womsebenzi kukunyusa inqanaba lentatho-nxaxheba ngokuqala amanyathelo okufumana amalungu amatsha.
c Ukuzimanya namalinge okuphuculwa kwezakhono.
d Ukwenza iziphakamiso kwiintlanganisela zemibutho zamaphondo kunye nabalawuli beendawo zasemakhaya ukufumana ubutyebi bokusebenza.
e Yiyona nqwelo iphambili yokwalathwa, ukuphuhliswa kunye nokukhuliswa kwezakhono.
f Ukunikezela isiseko senkxaso yoluntu eyodwa.
Akukwazeki ukuba uRhulumente kuphela ahlangabezane nazo zonke iimfuno zemidlalo nolonwabo. Kungesi sizathu, intsebenziswano phakathi kukaRhulumente, iziseko ze-NGO zemidlalo kunye nolonwabo, kunye namashishini ibalulekile ukuvulela ubutyebi bokuphuhlisa esi siseko. UbuPhathiswa, i-SRSA kunye ne-SASC ziyayiqonda imiphumela yemidlalo kwezoqoqosho kunye nokukhawuleza kokwenziwa urhwebo ngayo. Imidlalo ngokuyinyaniso sele libe licandelo elikhulayo lezoshishino, kwaye senza igalelo elikhulu kwi-GDP. Lo mqalisi-ntsingiselo uqhubelekile ukuya kweli khulu leminyaka litsha, amaxesha okusebenza amafutshane anikezela ixesha elininzi lolonwabo, oku kuhambisana nokukhula kwecandelo lenkonzo kunye nelokonwaba kuqoqosho lwehlabathi. I-SRSA/SASC ziqhubeleka zikhangela iindlela ezingenza ngayo umtsalane wabaxhasi abatsha bezamashishini kumacandelo ezemidlalo angafumani mali ngokoneleyo. Umzobo olandelayo ubonisa uthelekelelo lwenkcitho kaRhulumente kunye necandelo labucala kwezemidlalo nolonwabo ngonyaka ka-1999.
Ukunikezela izimali ukuze kusekwe okanye kuphuculwe iziseko ezinjongo zininzi zemidlalo kwindawo ezasoloko zihlelelekile.
Umceli mngeni wokunikezelwa kwamaziko eMzantsi Afrika asikuko ngokulula ukunqaba kwamaziko, koko yindawo abekwe kuyo la maziko - akabekwanga kwindawo apho kukho isininzi sabantu. Ngaphaya koko kululuvo olondeleyo lobuPhathiswa/SRSA/SASC kunye nezandla zabo ukuba inkqubo engqalene nesekelwe kukuhlala kwabantu iya kwenza ukuba abahlali bathatha ubunini bala maziko bancedise ekugcineni nasekulawuleni. I-SRSA kunye nezandla zayo ziya kuzama ukusebenzisa ubutyebi basekuhlaleni ukwakha/ukuphucula amaziko - oku kwakuba negalelo kulwakhiwo lwamathuba emisebenzi. Zonke iziseko kufanele ukuba zivumele ukufikeleleka ngokulula kubasebenzisi abanobulima.
Ukuphuhlisa izakhono zoluntu ezifunekayo ukulawula ngokukuko imidlalo nolonwabo eMzantsi Afrika.
Indawo yokungenelela kokuqhubeka kwigosa, umlawuli, umqeqeshi, umlawuli wesiseko omtsha linqanaba "lokuqala". Ngokokufumana izakhono la malungu matsha aya kuthwasa ebheka phezulu kumanqanaba de afikelele kwindawo yokugqwesa.
Urhulumente ongaphambili akazange abe nazo iinkqubo zokuphuhlisa izakhono zabantu kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo. Iziqalo-ntsingiselo zamazwe ngamazwe zikwabonakalisa "ingxubakaxaka yokuqhutywa yintliziyo" kumazwe asakhasayo.
Ukuqhubeleka kokuphuhliswa kwemidlalo kunika isikhokhelo sokunikezelwa kobutyebi oboneleyo ukusuka kwinqanaba lenkokheli yasekuhlaleni, ukudlula kumlawuli wephondo, kazwelonke kunye neentlanganisela zemibutho zamazwe ngamazwe.
Ubuchule, umzekelo unyango.
Amaphulo athile ayenziwa ukugaya amalungu azithandela ngokwawo ukugaywa kwizahluko ekujoliswe kuzo ezahlukahlukenyeyo. Indawo ekugcinwa kuyo abo bazithandela ukugaywa iya kumiselwa.
Inkqubo yenkuthazo iya kusekwa, apho abo bazithandeleyo ngokuqhutywa ziintliziyo banikwa amawonga athile akhethekileyo enkonzo kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Ukukhuthaza uluntu kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni ukuba bakhuthale kwaye baphile impilo esemgangathweni kunye nokuba badlulisele abo banezakhono kwiindawo zemidlalo yokhuphiswano.
Gaya kunye nokukhuthaza ulutsha kunye nabadala ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yomzimba.
Ukukhuthaza uluntu ukuba luphuhlise indlela zokuphila ezinenkuthalo.
Ukuququzelela abo bangathathi-1.
Zimbini iindawo ekugqaliswe kuzo kweli nyathelo liphambili, oko kukuthi ulonwabo kunye nemidlalo yophuhliso.
Umsebenzi wolonwabo ukwimincili evela kulo msebenzi ngaphezulu kwalo msebenzi ngokunokwawo. I-SRSA kunye neSASC zizinikezele kakhulu kumthetho-siseko "wokunikezela amathuba olonwabo olwakhayo kubo b2. onke abantu". Ukuzonwabisa kungahlumisa ukukhula kokwakha kokungaboni abantu ngokobuhlanga, amathuba obunkokheli kunye nokuphuhliswa koluntu olunempilo.
Ezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo zinxibelelana ngendlela enobudlelwane. I-SRSA/SASC ivuma ukuba ukuzonwabisa kungaphezulu kokuthatha inxaxheba kwimithambo kunye nemisebenzi yokuzomeleza jikelele. Iligalelo elibalulekileyo kwintatho-nxaxheba kwezemidlalo. Oku kucaciswa kakhulu kwinkqubo eqhubelekayo ebumbeneyo nelicebo yezemidlalo. Ukunikwa amathuba olonwabo kusisiqalo esibalulekileyo senkqubo zemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Uluntu kufuneka lunikwe amandla okuthatha inxaxheba kuqulunqo, ukumiliselwa, kunye nokuvavanywa kweenkqubo zolonwabo, ukuze imigaqo-nkqubo iphuhliswe ngokwendlela uluntu olubona ngayo. Ngokungaphaya, uluntu kufuneka luthathe uxanduva kwaye lube nokuphendula ngokuphuhliswa kwalo.
Ukwabiwa kobutyebi ngendlela elinganayo.
Inyathelo eliphambili lakunikwa kwiindawo ezihlelelekileyo xa kunikezelwa iinkqubo ezintsha.
Amalinge alungelelanisiweyo kunye nophuhliso oluhlangeneyo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwentsebenziswano kunye nobukhulu bokuqoqosha ngendlela yothungelwano ngawo onke amacandelo emibutho kaRhulumente kwanalawo abucala, ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kweenkqubo ngendlela esebenza kakuhle kunye nenobuchule.
Kuthelekelelwa ukuba kuphela ngama-10% abemi beli lizwe abathabatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo esesisekweni kwaye eququzelelwe ukhuphiswano. Oku kuthelekiseka ngendlela engancumisiyo kunye namanye amazwe, ngakumbi lawo sele ephuhlile apho uthelekiso olungaphezulu kwama-50% lusisiqhelo.
Ukwakhiwa kwamafuku emidlalo yokugqwesa.
Uqulunqo lokuphuhliswa kwemidlalo luzunguleza indawo ezine ezibalulekileyo: Izifundo zemithambo yomzimba. Ulutsha kunye nenqanaba elisezantsi lemidlalo, imidlalo yezikolo zemfundo ephezulu kunye neentlanganisela zemibutho zikazwelonke.
a Ukulungelelanisa ukuphuhliswa kunye nokunikezela imisebenzi yolonwabo equka phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukudlala okukhutheleyo, imisebenzi yemithambo yomzimba eyenziwa rhoqo kunye noludwe olupheleleyo lwezinto ezakhayo ezingenziwa ngexesha lokuphumla, ukwalatha ukuze yenze iinkqubo zophando, yalathe ukuze inike iziqinisekiso kwinkqubo zokuqeqesha kunye nokuba isingathe/ ithathe inxaxheba kwiinkomfa kunye neetlanganiso zokufundisana kwezolonwabo.
c Icebise uMphathiswa kwimiba yomgaqo-nkqubo ngezolonwabo.
Akukho kubonelelwa kubantwana abakwiminyaka yokuhamba isikolo, abangahambi sikolo.
Akukho maziko emidlalo abo bakumanqanaba asezantsi.
Kuphuhliswe iindlela ezijolisiweyo kweli qela.
Kuphuhliswe imidlalo yabakumanqanaba asezantsi ndaweninye nemidlalo yesikolo.
Ukubonelela ngokhuphiswano kuwo onke amaqela.
Ukuseka I-Akhademi kwiPhondo ngalinye kunye namasebe engingqi.
I-SRSA/ SASC iya kuvuma ukubaluleka kwendima ethi idlalwe ngoomama namantombazana ekwenzeni isizwe ukuba sidlale ukuze kwakhiwe lula iimeko zobomi. Ukulingana ngokwesini kwakunye nelungelo loomama ekuthatheni inxaxheba kukhulu. Umanyano lukazwelonke luya kukhuthazwa ukuyila umgaqo nkqubo woqeqesho kunye nolwakhiwo ukuze kwenziwe lula ukuthathwa kwenxaxheba ngoomama, kunye nokuba kususwe imiqobo enokuthi ithintele oomama ekuqhubeni umsebenzi wokuqeqesha, ulawulo, ulungiselelo, kunye nokulawulwa kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Ubutyebi obuthile buya kwabelwa ukuvelisa ubuchule noncedo lwezemidlalo koomama kunye namantombazana. Abaviwa abalungele oko baya kuchongwa kwaye baziswe kulawulo loqeqesho kunye nolungiselelo kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo. Abo bayimizekelo nekujonwa kubo kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo baya kukhuthaza ukuthatyathwa kwenxaxheba ngoomama kunye namantombazana kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo.
Umanyano lukaZwelonke luya kukhuthazwa yi-SRSA/SASC ukuba lumisele iinkqubo zabemi abadala. Ngaphezu koko abadala baya kuba bubutyebi obubalulekileyo ukwenza iinkqubo zokuqhutywa yintliziyo.
I-SRSA/ SACS iya kuvuma ukubaluleka kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo ekuphileni kwabantu abayimilwelwe kwaye iya kukhuthaza ukulungiselela kunye nokunikezwa kwemisebenzi yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo kweli ziko lolawulo - kwizinga lebandla ngempumelelo. Ngoku imithetho nemimiselo yezemidlalo ilungiselela iimfuno ezithile zabantu abanobulima , kwiqela leminyaka elithile. Ubutyebi obongezelelweyo bungasetyenziswa kwinkqubo ezilungeleleneyo kuquka amanye amasebe karhulumente angqamene noko, umzekelo ezeNtlalontle, ezeMpilo, ezeMfundo, njl.
Umdlalo kufuneka usetyenziselwe ukongeza ixabiso kwindawo yokuphangela, njengoko ixesha elininzi lichithwa emsebenzini. Ezemidlalo zinokuncedisa ekuthobeni inxalabo yokuthamba kunye noloyiko nje kwiindawo zempangelo kwaye zingandisa ukuchuma. Kuya cetyiswa okokuba imibutho yabasebenzi iqaliswe ukwenza lula ukuthathwa kwenxaxheba. Iinkqubo zezemidlalo yabasebenzi zinokunceda njengendawo yokubona iitalente, kunye nesakhiwo esingaphaya kwimidlalo yokhuphiswano. Oku kuya kufuna intsebenziswano esondelelene neentshukumo zabasebenzi.
Ukwakha inkqubo enentsebenziswano enkulu elungelelaniswe kulungiselelo lwabadlali abakhethiweyo bekhethelwa ukhuphiswano olukhulu. Impumelelo yoMzantsi Afrika kukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe okokoko yayekwa ukubekwa yodwa kubhalwe kumaxwebhu. Umngeni we-SRSA/SACS kunye negosa elikhokeleyo I-NOCSA kukugcina kunye nokuphucula ezi ziphumezo ngendlela eyoyisayo kunye nelungelelanisiweyo.
Ukulambatha kwendlela yokulungiselela abadlali abakhethiweyo.
Ukumiselwa 'kwesikolo sokugqwesa' apho ukuzibonakalisa kwakho kuguqulelwa kwitalente ephunyeziweyo.
Amaziko akhoyo alungileyo kwiindlela zobunzululwazi kunye nolwazi abonwa njengomnikeli ophambili kumsebenzi ogqibeleleyo.
Akukho nto yenza inkuthazo ukuvuselela ukusebenza kangangoko.
Ukuvelisa iinkqubo zenkuthazo ezisesikweni.
Bavelise abadlali kukhuphiswano oluphezulu ngendlela yogqatso oluphambili olulungelelanisiweyo.
Ukuqinisekisa okokuba onke amaqela wezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo ayahlangabezana neenjongo zesenzo esivunyiweyo.
Ngoku umbutho, amaqela amaphondo kunye nakazwelonke akabonisi ubuhlanga kwaye nalapho kufuneka khona, ukufundwa nokubhalwa kwesini soMzantsi Afrika.
Ngokucacileyo intetho yokuba 'umdlalo kawonkewonke' isekwe kwixabiso lobulungisa kunye nokufikeleleka zona eziya kuqondwa njengeenzame ezingamxhelo mnye zenkqubo ezidibeneyo eziya kuquka abantu abakwimimandla engafumani uncedo.
Ingcinga yokuba imidlalo ethile ziyinto ekhuselayo kumaqela athile eentlanga.
Iinkqubo zophuhliso ezibonakala njengezilufakelelo hayi inxalenye yeyona nkqubo iphambili zemidlalo.
Qinisekisa uphuhliso lwezemidlalo olugcinakeleyo kunye nolwexesha elide, ngeenkqubo ezidibeneyo zabadlali abakwindawo ezingafumani luncedo.
Phakamisa ukhuphiswano olungokufaneleyo kubadlali abasavelayo.
Nangona kubunjwene kwezemidlalo, imeko yelo xesha ihlala ikho ngokokudlala.
Yenza ukusebenza (ukufunyanwa kwenjongo) inqobo elungileyo yobutyebi obunjengokufaka imali kwingxowa karhulumente.
Ukuvelisa imithetho nemimiselo yemikhwa esesikweni yezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo eMzantsi Afrika.
Kukho umkhwa wokwenza umdlalo ube ngowokuvusa umxhelo. I-SRSA inolwazi ngokwenziwa kwemikhwa egxekekayo kwezemidlalo umzekelo ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezinto, ukuxhatshazwa, imikhwa engcolileyo, ubugebenga, njl. I-SRSA/SASC iya kunikela ngobume bemikhwa esesikweni obuquka ukudlala obunobulungisa, umthetho ongahambelaniyo neziyobisi, imithetho nemimiselo yokuziphatha kunye nokuxhaswa ngeziyobisi, imeko bume kunye namalungelo omdlali.
Ingcamango ezisesikweni ekudlaleni ziyinto efunekayo kuwo onke amaqela ezemidlalo ingakumbi kwiziyobisi kunye nengqeqesho. EzeMidlalo kunye noLonwabo zaseMzantsi Afrika zenza iZiko lokuKhululeka kwiZiyobisi likazwelonke, ngenjongo zokunciphisa ukuyotywa kwezemidlalo. Ukuthintelwa kobugebenga kwezemidlalo yinto efunwa yi-SRSA/SASC. I-SRSA/SACS iya kuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abadlali ekujongwe kubo bay khuthazwa ukuba balawule ubugebenga okanye ukungaziphathi kakuhle kwabadlali kunye nababukeli. Ukongeza, ukumiselwa kwendawo yeembutho zamaqela anomdla njengombutho wabadlali kunye nemibutho yabaqhelisi iya kukhawuleziswa.
Imithetho nemimiselo yokuziphatha kwamagosa ezemidlalo, abathengisi, abadlali kunye nabanye baya kuba lilitye elimiswe ecaleni kwendlela lobomi. Kucacile okokuba naxa uxanduva lwemithetho nemimiselo yokuziphatha emntwini lingummi, ekugqibeleni I-SRSA/SASC iya kunikela ngobume bemithetho kunye nemimiselo yezemidlalo.
Ukufaka igalelo ekwakheni ilizwe elinoxolo ngokwenza ezemidlalo ezingenalo ucalulo, oko kufuna ukuqondana okufanayo nomoya wobuhlobo, imbumba yamanyama kunye nokudlala ngobulungisa'.
Ukwakha umgaqo nkqubo wonxulumano wamazwe ngamazwe ngamxhelo mnye nomgaqo nkqubo karhulumente kazwelonke.
Ngaphezu koko i-SASC iya kuba luphawu kwizivumelwano ezilungele ezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo ngaphandle kokujongela phantsi ukuzimela koMzantsi Afrika. Kunyanzelekile ukuba zonke iintlanganisela zemibutho zikazwelonke, ezamaphondo kunye nezorhulumente basekuhlaleni zihambiselane nomgaqo-nkqubo njengoko usekiwe yi-SRSA/SASC.
a Ukuphucula imigangatho yokuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yemithambo b Ukubonelela ngenkqubo yokuthwesa kwintatho-nxaxheba nje ukuya kwimidlalo yeengcungcu kwabo banayo italente.
c Ukuphucula intatho-nxaxheba kwimidlalo ephambili yamazwe ngamazwe.
d Ukunika igalelo kuluntu olwakhekileyo jikelele, olunoxanduva kwintlalo kunye nabemi abanempilo eyiyo.
Ukongeza, olu xwebhu lujoliswe ekunikeni isikhokhelo kumthetho onokwenza oku kwenzeke oyakuqinisekisa ukuba iinzuzo esele zenzekile aziyikuhlanganiswa kuphela kwaye ziphuhliswe, kodwa zenze ukuba inkqubela esele ifumanekile ingabi nokuba sajikeka.
Uvavanyo olulolona olwenziweyo lwalo mqulu lukwabonakalisa ukuba ezi ziphakamiso zinganako ukufikeleleka xa kuthiwe amathuba entsebenziswano aphononongwa.
Kwinyathelo eliphambili sithemba ukuxuba imiphumela yokungaphenduli ndawo. Kuza kuba nendima ezicacisiweyo ukunqumleza yonke imidlalo.
Sikwakholelwa ukuba ngenyathelo eliphambili lesiBini kunye nelesiThathu iimfuno, amaziko kunye nobutyebi babantu abasebenzayo azizukushiywa kwingcingane ezintle zeentlanganisela zemibutho zikazwelonke ngakumbi xa ucinga ngokunqaba kwenkxaso-mali ezikulawulo lwazo. Kwinyathelo eliphambili lesiNe sikhuthaza ulutsha ukuba ludlale kwaye luzonwabise kuludwe oluxananazileyo lwemisebenzi ehlaziyiweyo; ukwalatha iziqu zabantu abanetalente kweli qela, ukuze sibancede babe nako ukuqhubela phambili kumakhondo abo ezemidlalo. Ngaxalinye, sinqwenela ukukhuthaza abo bafikelele eziphelweni zamakhondo abo ukuba bahlulelane ngobuchwepheshe kunye nabo abafuna ukucetyiswa kwindawo zokuqeqesha, ubunompempe kunye nokulawula.
Ukuvunywa kuya nikwa kwinyathelo eliphambili lesiHlanu kwinyaniso yokuba nangona amabali empumelelo ngaxesha athile esenzeka nakubeni kukho ukuqhwalela kuqulunqo, iimbasa azizi ngengozi jikelele. Ukuzilungiselela kubalulekile.
Inyathelo lesiThandathu nangona lingayaleli, lenyusa inqanaba lokuqonda kwimfuneko yemidlalo ukuba lingayekeli ukumelwa kwiwonga lokuba "kumnandi ukuba nako" kodwa ukubona "ukwenza ubu-Afrika" njengesixhobo esiyakukhokhelela kukugcineka ngendlela enekamva lomdlalo.
Ukubona imidlalo njengomsebenzi wamazwe ngamazwe, inyathelo eliphambili. IsiBhozo sinabisa ukuba imfuneko yokuba nomgaqo-nkqubo wokunxibelelana namazwe ngamazwe, kwimo yezemidlalo kungafumana ubukhulu bezoqoqosho.
Ekuqgibeleni, ngokukude nokubona lo mgaqo-nkqubo njengesiphumo, koko njengesisiqalo sendlela. Indlela apho abantu bethu bebonke bangafumana ukufikelela kwezemidlalo kunye nolonwabo, kunye namathuba amaninzi okuzalisekisa italente zabo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Intshayelelo yokuzikhethela isini kwezesondo.txt</fn>
Ukuzikhethela isini oya naso esondweni ngumtsalane ononyamezelo novakalelo, uthando, isondo nenkathalo komnye umntu. Ingohlulwa kweminye imiba yesini kubandakanya isondo, ukuzazi ngesini esithile kunye nemisebenzi eyabiwe ngokwesini entlalweni.
Ukuzikhethela isini oya naso kwezesondo kususela ekuthandaneni okukhethekileyo kwabesini esinye ukuya ekuthandaneni okukhethekileyo nesini esisesinye kukwabandakanya neendidi ezininzi zokuya esondweni naso nasiphi isini. Ukuzikhethela isini oya naso kwezesondo kohlukile kwindlela yokuziphatha kwezesondo kuba kusingisele kuvakalelo nendlela umntu azibona ngayo izinto. Iindlela abaziphethe ngayo abantu ingawubonakalisa okanye ingangawubonakalisi umkhethe wabo kwezesondo.
Ukuzikhethela isini oya naso kwezesondo luluvo olutselutsha kumthetho wamalungelo abantu nasekusetyenzisweni kwawo kwaye ilolunye lwezimvo ezidala ingxwabangxwaba kwezopolitiko. Ukhetho, ukuthath'izinto ngesiqhelo esigxekayo, ucalucalulo zendele kwinkqubo yethu yasentlalweni nakwiindlela zethu zokuziphatha.
Ukungalingani nocalulo ngokwesini kusendele nzulu kwimibutho, izenzo neembono zoluntu. Imithetho nemigaqo nkqubo neenkqubo zikarhulumente zinako ukucela umngeni kucalulo ze zikhuthaze ulingano. Zingomeleza ze zibethelele uloyiko olungenasihlahla okanye intiyo yabantu abanomtsalane ngokovakalelo nangesini kwabo basini sifana nesabo kwanocalulo olwenzeka ngenxa yoluvo olukhoyo ngesini.
Ihomofobhiya luloyiko olungenangqiqo lwabantu abathandana nabo besini esinye nesabo. Olu loyiko alunangqiqo kuba lusekwe kwimbono yokuthath'izinto ngokoluvo lwesiqhelo nangolwazi olulahlekisayo, kuba lusekwe kwimbono yokuba amabhinqa athandana namanye amabhinqa kwanamadoda athandana namanye amadoda ngabantu abanento engaphelelanga ngabo. Oku kukhokhelela ekuhambiseni ngonaphakade intsomi ngokuthandana kwamanye amabhinqa namanye kwanangamadoda athandana namanye, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ngaphezu koko kukudala imeko-bume apho amabhinqa athandana namanye kwanamadoda athandana namanye azifumanisa eziva esesichengeni kwaye engakhuselekanga.
Amaxesha amaninzi beve ngokunga ibafanele le mpatho inje.
Abantu babekwa amabala, boyikiswe xa benolawulo lwamalungelo abo kunye nolawulo ekukhetheni kwabo ezesondo. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni amabhinqa alahlekelwe ngamandla olawulo lokwenza izigqibo ngokuphathelele kubomi bawo nakwiimeko zentlalo nezopolitiko. Esi senzeko sibethelelwa kalukhuni xa abantu abanolawulo xa abantu abanolawulo kwindlela abakhetha ngayo kwezesondo ingamabhinqa. Ukhatho olwenziwa ngamabhinqa kwezesondo lulawulwa kwiintlalo neenkcubeko ngeenkcubeko kwihlabathi liphela kwaye kusetyenziswa usasazo lweendaba ukuba lubethelele lucinezele ngokuphindaphindeneyo imifanekiso yebhinqa eyamkelekileyo ngokwesithethe nenkcubeko. Xa amabhinqa ekhetha ukulubonisa ukhetho lwawo kwezesondo ngokungaphaya kwemida ebekwe luluntu nosasazo lwendaba, enziwa izigculelo, ajongelwe phantsi, atshutshiswe ze ekugqibeleni enziwe amakheswa, angahoywa ze aphungulwe amandla.
Uluntu luyicacise lwade lwayizoba indima yamabhinqa nokukhetha kwawo kwezesondo kwaye oku kuhambe kwada kwafikelela ekuboneni apho inkululeko iphela khona nalapho isinyanzelo siqala khona. Amabhinqa akhululekile ukuba avakalise indlela akhetha yona kwezesondo oko nje oko ekwenza ngaphakathi kwemida yobume-meko ebekiweyo ne"yamkelekileyo" yokuba yinkosikazi okanye isithandwa. Amabhinqa "angakhuselwanga" lumanyano ngomtshato nendoda angamalungu oluntu asesichengeni, akholisa ukungasiwa so angahoywa kwizinto ezenzeka entlalweni yoluntu kwaye aba ngamaxhoba okuchwethelwa bucala entlalweni nawodlakazeliso kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ezi ndlela zodlakazeliso kufuneka ngokunokwazo zibonwe njengolwaphulo lomthetho wamalungelo abantu.
Ngo1994, iKomiti yaMalungelo Oluntu eZizwe Ezimanyeneyo yabhengeza ukuba ucalulo olusekwe kwindlela ubani akhetha ngayo isini aya naso kwezesondo lwaphula ilungelo lokungacalulwa nelungelo lweemfihlelo zobomi bakho eziqinisekiswe kwikuMnqophiso/Isivumelwano waMalungelo oLuntu nwoPolitiko.
Inkomfa Engokutshatyalaliswa Kwazo Zonke Iindlela Zocalulo Lwamabhinqa (CEDAW), eyamkelwa ngo-199 yiNtlangano Gabalala yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, ikholisa ukuchazwa njengomthetho wezizwe oyilwayo wamalungelo amabhinqa. Iqulathe intshayelelo kunye namanqaku angama-30, ichaza ukuba yintoni ethathwa njengocalulo lwamabhinqa ze ibeke i-ajenda (uluhlu lwezinto ezifunwa ukuxoxwa) yentshukumo kazwe lonke yokuphelisa ucalulo olunjalo. Ngokwamkela iNkomfa (iNgqungquthela), Amazwe azibophelela ekuthatheni amanyathelo okuphelisa zonke iindlela zocalulo lwamabhinqa.
Kwavunywa ukuba kukho imfuneko yokwamkela umahluko okhoyo weendlela ezime ngayo iintsapho ehlabathini kule mihla.
Inkomfa Yesine Yehlabathi Yezizwe Ezimanyeneyo Engemibandela Yamabhinqa yabanjelwa eBeijing ngoSeptemba ka1995. Ubhengezo neqonga lokuthath'amanyathelo amkelwa ngesivumelwano eNkomfeni. IQonga Lokuthath'amanyathelo LaseBeijing limisela I-ajenda yokugunyazisa amabhinqa kwaye imemela oorhulumente, uluntu lwehlabathi kwanabahlali gabalala ukuba bathathe amanyathelo obuchule bokuphatha umcimbi kwimimandla eli-12 ebalulekileyo nefuna ingqwalaselo.
Kuqinisekiswa kwakhona kwamalungelo amabhinqa njengamalungelo oluntu.
Inkomfa yabandakanya njengenye yemigaqo nkqubo esisiseko, ukuba uphuhliso, ukhuseleko, nomqondo wamalungelo amabhinqa kufuneka "abonise iintlobo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamabhinqa, zibonise ukuba amabhinqa ajongene nemiqobo engaphezulu ngenxa yemiba efana iyantlukwano yawo ngebala, intetho, ubuhlanga, inkcubeko, inkolo, indlela yokukhetha isini kwezocantsi, ukukhubazeka, ibakala ngokwasezimalini nomgangatho wasentlalweni, okanye umgangatho ngokwezinga lasentlalweni yemveli," ze akhokele oorhulumente ukuba babandakanye imibutho yabathandana nabesini esinye nesabo, ekuphuhlisweni nasekusekweni kweendlela zobuchule ekuqhutyelweni phambili kwamabhinqa.
Itshatha ibethelela ngakumbi ukubambelela kwamaqela emibuso yase-Afrika kumgaqo nkqubo wamalungelo oluntu nabantu kwanenkululeko equlathwe kubhengezo, neengqungquthela nezinye izixhobo ezamkelwe nguMbutho weZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, iNtshukumo yaMazwe Angamanyananga kunye neZizwe Ezimanyeneyo.
Isibhengezo lumisela ukuba "ulingano ngesini sisiseko samalungelo oluntu" kwaye isombulula uku"qinisekisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwako konke ukungalingani ngesini emmandleni/kummandla.
Kuwo onke AMalungu oLuntu olusaKhulayo lwamaZantsi e-Afrika , nguMzantsi Afrika kuphela othembisa ngokucacileyo ukungahambelani nocalulo olusekwe kwindlela ubani akhetha ngayo aya naye ecantsini. Kukho ukwamkelwa okupheleleyo ngokwasemthethweni lokuba ngubani lwamaqela, nokuba akhetha ukulalana namabhinqa akugqiba ukuba ngawo ngokunokwawo okanye ukulalana namanye amadoda engamadoda ngokunokwawo, kwaye la maqela ahlqngqnisene ngentethwano ngamalungelo oluntu.
Kutsha nje, ucalulo ngokoqoqosho abajongene nalo abo bakhetha ukuya kwezesondo nabesini esinye nesabo lwamkeliwe, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiinzame zolwabiwo ngokutsha- umzekelo, ukunikwa kwamaqabane esini esinye iinzuzo zonyango neze-inshorensi ngokufanayo nabo bathandana baze batshate nesini esisesinye kunesabo.
Icandelo 9 loMgaqo-Siseko okukuqala nje lulungiselela umthetho siseko wolingano phambi komthetho. Likwaqinisekisa umthetho wokhuseleko ngokulinganayo nokuzuza komntu wonke kulo mthetho. Eli candelo likwathintela ucalulo olungafanelekanga kwimihlaba edwelisiweyo. Eli candelo lenza ukuba ukuthintelwa kocalulo olungafanelekanga malusebenze ngokuthe tyaba, oko kukuthi phakathi kwabantu. Indima yokugqibela yecandelo ithatha ngokuba alufanelekanga ucalulo nakuyiphi imihlaba edwelisiweyo.
INkundla yoMgaqo-siseko imisele ukuba naliphi na ilungelo lolingano lisekwe kuluvo lokuba wonke ubani unesidima sokuba ngumntu ngokulinganayo. ICandelo 9 ligxininisa ukupheliswa kocalulo olusekwe kwindlela umntu akhetha ngayo isini aya naso kwezocantsi.
Ngokwesiqhelo iinzuzo zengqesho zibandakanya ubulungu kumalungiselelo onyango kwaye umqeshi anganika inkxaso engaphelelanga okanye epheleleyo kumrhumo wenyanga kulungiselelo lwezonyango lomsebenzi. Umntu usenokujoyina ukungiselelo lonyango ezimele yedwa. Umntu unokujoyina ulungiselelo lonyango ngendlela enye kwezimbini.: njengelungu, okanye njengoxhomekeke kwilungu, njengenxalenye yosapho lwelungu.
Imitshato yabesini esinye ayikamkelwa eMzantsi Afrika. IKhomishini yoMthetho yoMzantsi Afrika kungoku nje isawuqwalasela ngokutsha uMthetho woMtshato, ngenjongo yokufumana iindlela ongathi wamkele umtshato wabesini esinye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthandana kwabesini esinye kuyamkelw ukulungiselela iinjongo ezininzi emthethweni. Kubandakanya imihlala phantsi, imihlaba elilifa, amalungiselelo ezonyango neenzuzo zengqesho.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Inzululwazi nobuchwephetsha.txt</fn>
UmGaqo-nkqubo weentlelo zolwazi lwemveli (IKS) wamkelwa sisigqeba sombuso ngeyeNkanga 2004, ngolo hlobo zilungiselela indawo yokuqala yesiganeko esibalulekileyo kwimizamo yethu ukuba mayiqondakale, ingqine, ivelise, ixhase kwaye ikhusele iintlelo zolwazi lwemveli eMzantsi Afrika. Ekubeni ephanda iinkcukacha ezininzi kwanomngeni odityaniswa ne-IKS, inkqubo ekhangeleka inde kunokulindela, inikeza ezo zibandakanyekayo ngamava angaqhelekanga, ukusuka apho zivela zimanyane kunconyo lwazo lobubanzi namathotho amaqondo okulinganisa obutyebi obunexabiso boMzantsi Afrika. Yomeleza umoya wentsebenziswano phakathi kwabo bonke abachaphazelekayo ababandakanyeka kuyilo lwayo, ukusuka kubameli bamasebe karhulumente namabhunga enzululwazi, ukuya kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, ii-NGOs kwaye ke, ngokuqinisekileyo nababambe ulwazi olulodwa.
Ukwaziswa komGaqo-nkqubo we-IKS kumele impumelelo ebalulekileyo ngokokubophelela i-IKS kwindawo yokutshabalalisa ubuhlwempu. Ekubeni kukuninzi ukuphazamiseka kweeprojekthi ezibandakanyekayo kwezo njongo zibekekileyo, umGaqo-nkqubo we-IKS unikela kwisiseko ngenene apho ulwazi lwemveli lunokusetyenziswa ukwenzeni ukuphazamiseka ngokufanelekileyo okuninzi. Silindele lukhulu ukuba ukwamkelwa kwalo mgaqo-nkqubo kuza kukhokelela kwimpucuko ekwanobutyebi kwimpilo yabemi abaninzi nakwimeko abaphila phantsi kwazo. Kangangokuba kubaluleke gqitha ukuba iSebe lezeNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe, kwakunye namanye amasebe karhulumente kwanabachaphazelekayo, ahambele ngokuqinileyo ukuyela ngasekuzalisekiseni umgaqo-nkqubo kwanawo onke amalungiselelo awo.
Kuluvuyo olukhulu ngoko ke, ukuba ndinikele ngomGaqo-nkqubo we-IKS kuni.
Ulwamkelo lomGaqo-Nkqubo weentlelo zolwazi lwemveli (IKS) sisigqeba sombuso yinto enokubhiyozelwa zizo xa zombini iSebe lezeNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe nangabo bonke abachaphazelekayo balo. Ukunakana i-IKS ngokunokwayo, umgaqo-nkqubo uzama ukwenza kube lula ngokungcono ukuqonda ngembali nemeko yenkcubeko, kwaye ifanele imveli kwanamabandla asekuhlaleni. Ngumgaqo-nkqubo owomeleleyo ozisa ababhexeshi abaphambili kunye nabangababumbanisi beziqalelo zemichiza ngaphandle kokujika ngokwayo malunga nophuhliso kwanokuba nako ukwenza uqoqosho lwabanini, kwakunye namagcisa e-IKS. Ngumgaqo-nkqubo onokuphendula ngokuqinisekileyo kokusingqongileyo okutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, kwanalapho imveli namabandla asekuhlaleni kunye nabantu ababodwa benokwabelana ngobulungisa ekuthandeni ukuhlala kunye nakumathuba oqoqosho aseMzantsi Afrika.
Into eyenzekileyo engaphantsi kukuba ulwazi lwemveli belusoloko kwaye luqhubekeka luyinto enesiphumo yokuqala ekusindeni nakwintlalo-ntle yesininzi sabantu boMzantsi Afrika. Inkqubo izama ukunakana oku, ukuyingqina, iyivelise, iyixhase kwaye ikhusele abagcini namagcisa olu lwazi. Izinyanzeliso zenkqubo, ibizwa ngokuba kukumiswa kwe-Ofisi yeSizwe, iKomiti yabaCebisayo, iilebhu ze-IKS, njl-njl., zintloko kwanemiceli mingeni ebalulekileyo kwaye avumelana neziphumo xa zizonke i-DST ezifuna kwinkqubo ye-IKS: Ukukhulisa kwemfundo yobugcisa eyandiswayo nempumelelo yamancedo aqinileyo alungiselelwe abagcini namagcisa e-IKS.
Ngesikhokelo senkqubo ecacileyo kunye neYunithi ye-IKS esendaweni, ezi ziqalelo zimele impumelelo ebalulekileyo elungiselelwe i-DST, kodwa umsebenzi onzima uqala ngoku. Iyunithi iza kuhlawuliswa ngazo zombini ngoguqulo lesalathisi senkqubo esibekwe kwintshukumo, nenkqubela-phambili eyongamelayo. Undoqo kuzalisekiso oluyimpumelelo luza kuxhomekeka ekubeni kungakhawuleziswa kangakanani ukuphuhlisa inoveli nolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele lwemveli obunamandla amaninzi, ethengisa emarikeni imveliso ezintsha kunye neenkonzo, kwaye esoloko ehlala ngaphambili komqulu.
Ekugqibeleni, ndifuna ukuthabatha elithuba ndidlulise ubungqina bam obuzeleyo ngomGaqo-nkqubo we-IKS, ebeyincopho yomzamo obalaseleyo we-DST, ndicacise izinto ezilindelweyo ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo uza kuntshulisa uzalisekiso lweenjongo zethu eziyimpumelelo enkulu.
IiNtlelo zoLwazi lweMveli (IKS) zitsale umdla kubungezelelo lwabantu abaninzi kuwo omabini amazwe aphuhlisisweyo nasaphuhliswayo. Njengemigaqo-nkqubo nezikhokelo zomithetho eziphuhlisiweyo, ukubaluleka kwazo zombini kukuchonga nokukhusela ulwazi lwemveli okuzuza inyameko eyandileyo evela kubaqulunkqi bomgaqo-nkqubo abakwihlabathi liphela. Amazwe anjenge-India neBrazil sele enze inkqubela ebalulekileyo.
Nangona unxulumano olucacileyo kwanelifa nesithethe senkcubeko, ulwazi lwemveli ikakhulu lukumphetho onqumlayo. Umzekelo, ingxaki yokuba ungabuchaza njani ubunini bepropati yengqondo ngokwesithethe sebandla kunomntu oyedwa okanye inkampani esebenzise iingqondo ezisulungekileyo zomthetho kwaye nobona bunganga bemiceli-mngeni yabanini mgaqo-nkqubo. Indima yolwazi lwemveli ekungenisweni kwezinto ezintsha kushishino lwamayeza luyaziwa. Iinkcukacha ezininzi kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwenkcubeko zabachaphazelekayo zithetha into yokuba inkqubo yokuphuhlisa umgaqo-nkqubo we-IKS ngu-DST ithabathe ixesha elide kunaxa bekucingelwa.
Isebe lezeNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe likunye namanye amasebe karhulumente kwakunye nabachaphazelekayo, kungoku nje liza kuqalisa ekuzalisekiseni umgaqo-nkqubo. Oku kuza kufuna thina sisebenzisane kakhulu namaSebe esisebenzisana kakhulu nawo, iSebe lezoRhwebo noShishino, elezeMpilo nelezeNdalo noKhenketho. Izinto zintathu eziphambili ezihambisekayo eziza kuvela ukusuka kule nkqubo luhlelo lokurekhodishela ulwazi lwemveli, uhlelo lwepropati yengqondo ebonakalisa i-IKS, indawo efanelekileyo yolwazi lwemveli esekelwe kushishino ngaphakathi kuphuhliso lwamashishini asakhasayo. Le ngenene yinkqubo evuselelayo!
Urhulumente weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika ubhalise ngokuzibophelela kwakhe ekwamkelweni, ekuxhasweni, ekuphuhlisweni, ekukhuseleni nasekuqiniseleni i-IKS. Lo mGaqo-nkqubo yimveliso yonxibelelwano oluninzi, olubonisa ukuthandukufunda, ingxoxo nokuthabatha inxaxheba ukusukela kuluhlu lwabachaphazelekayo. Uthatho nxaxheba lwamagcisa nabanini boLwazi lweMveli (IK) ibubunzima obubalulekileyo?
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Iphepha lemibuzo lovavanyo lweemfuno.txt</fn>
Kulo naliphi na iziko elikhulu kulindelekile ukuba abasebenzi bahlelwe ziingxaki amaxesha ngamaxesha kwaye oku kunganempembelelo ezigxekekayo kwimisebezi eyenziwayo kunye nakulonwabo jikelele. Eli phepha lemibuzo linenjongo yokucebisa ngemfuno zabasebenzi be-DWAF abathi babenazo kunye nokuba zenziwa njani na.
Eli liphepha lemibuzo elilihlebo. Wonyuliwe ngokungakhethiyo njengenxenye yesampulu ye-10% yabasebenzi be-DWAF kwiPhondo loMntla. Akukho mfuneko yokubhala igama lakho kwiphepha lemibuzo. Sinomdla wokuba isampulu emele abasebenzi be-DWAF icinga ntoni na ngeemfuno zayo, umdla wethu awukho ekufumaneni iingxaki zomntu ngamnye.
Unganceda ufunde le mibuzo ilandelayo ngenyameko uze wenze olu phawu () kwibhokisi phantsi kwempendulo eyeyona ichanekileyo kuwe. Nceda uzame ukuphendula yonke imibuzo. Enkosi ngenxaxheba yakho oyithathileyo kolu phando. Siya cinga okokuba izinto ezifunyanisiweyo kunye neziphumo ziya kuba luncedo kuwe kunye nakwizihlobo.
Ukuluphi na udidi lweminyaka?
Uyindoda okanye umfazi?
Qaphela: "Ukutshata" kuquka owesintu, owasecaweni kunye nomtshato wasenkundleni.
Loluphi ulwimi lwakho lwasekhaya?
Ukuluphi udidi lomsebenzi?
Qaphela: "Umphathi" Ubhekisa kuBancedisi babaLawuli ukuya kuMphathi Oyintloko, ngokunjalo nabantu abakwiwonga elilinganayo nelo.
Loluphi udidi oluphezulu lwemfundo ofikelele kulo?
Ulilungu leNgxowa eNcedisana noNyango ulilungu okanye uxhomekekile?
Ukuba ngoku wena okanye ilungu losapho lwakho luzifumana lunengxaki enzima, ingaba uye ufune uncedo kuye nawuphi na umntu/ iinkonzo ezidweliswe ngasezantsi?
Unganawo na umdla wokuya kwiintlanganiso ezenziweyo malunga nazo neziphi iingoxo ezilandelayo?
Ukulawulwa kwemali, uqingqo mali, imali mboleko, njalo njalo.
Loluphi na ulwimi / iilwimi okhetha ukucetyiswa ngalo?
Ukuba I-DWAF inika iinkonzo zengcebiso ezilihlebo ubuso ngobuso (isebenzisa naluphi na udidi labacebisi obakhethileyo) ubunokuzisebenzisela bani ezi nkonzo?
Ukuba ngaba I-DWAF inika ucingo lwafelefele olusebenza iiyure ezingama-24 yexesha lobunzima yokuba abantu batsale umnxeba xa beziva benobunzima, ubunokulusebenzisela bani?
Uzifumana kangaphi na iingxaki zempilo okanye zonyango?
Uzifumana kangaphi na iingxaki nomyeni wakho okanye inkosikazi yakho okanye umlingane wakho?
Uzifumana kangaphi na iingxaki kunye nabantwana bakho?
Uzifumana kangaphi na iingxaki nosapho lwakho?
Uzifumana kangaphi na iingxaki zokuziva ngathi udakumbile?
Ulufumana kangakanani uloyiko lokuba unesifo okanye ufumene isifo I-HIV/AIDS?
Ingaba unoloyiko lokudla umhlala phantsi?
Ingaba ufumana uloyiko lokuba kwiqela elifumana ukudendwa?
Ingaba ufumana iingxaki ezizezakho okanye zelungu losapho elikufutshane kuwe zotywala okanye zeziyobisi?
Ingaba ufumana iingxaki ezinxulumene nomthetho?
Ingaba ufumana iingxaki ezinxulumene nezemali?
Ingaba wena okanye ilungu losapho elikufutshane kuwe lakhe lalixhoba lolwaphulo mthetho na?
Ingaba ngamanye amaxesha ufumana izinto ezikudakumbisayo ezinxulumene nomsebenzi ngenxa yayo nayiphi na le miba ilandelayo?
Enkosi ngokugcwalisa eli phepha lemibuzo. Sixabisa inkxaso yakho!
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Isaziso sokuzalwa kommi wase S.A..txt</fn>
Isaziso somntwana ozelwe ngaphandle kwaseRSA onabazali abangabemi baseMzantsi Afrika okanye onomama okanye utata ongummi waseMzantsi Afrika singanikwa kwiMishini yaseMzantsi Afrika kwilizwe elo umntwana wayezelwe kulo.
v Isiqinisekiso somtshato sabazali.
B. Igosa le-ofisi elibhalisa ukuzalwa alinawukwazi ukukhupha isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa, kodwa malinike abazali iB1-25 enguMqondiso wePhepha elingqina ukuzalwa.
C. Nceda qiniseka ukuba idilesi echanekileyo yabazali ikhapha iB1-24, nanjengoko isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa siza kudluliselwa kubo emva kokuba ukubhaliswa kokuzalwa kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwaza kwavunywa.
Ileta esuka kwisibhedlele apho umntu lowo wazalelwa khona.
Isiqinisekiso sokuphehlelelwa ukuba uphehlelelwe phambi kweminyaka emi-5.
Ileta esuka kwisikolo sokuqala afunde kuso.
Ukuba akukho xwebhu lunokungeniswa i-afidavithi esula kumalungu osapho anolwazi ngokuzalwa okanye awayekhona ngokuzalwa.
Isicelo B1-9 sencwadi yesazisi ukuba umntu lowouneminyaka eli-16 okanye ngaphezulu.
Umthetho wama1992(uMthetho No.51 wama1992) woBhaliso lokuZalwa nolokuBhubha, ulawula ubhaliso lokuzalwa konke kwiRiphabhlikhi yoMzantsi Afrika.
Umthetho ubhekiselele kubo bonke abemi baseMzantsi Afrika, nokuba kungaphakathi okanye kungaphandle kweRiphabhlikhi. Umthetho, kwakhona ubhekiselele kubo bonke abantu abangengobemi baseMzantsi Afrika, kodwa abahlala apha okomzuzwana okanye umphelo.
Onke amaxwebhu abekwa kwimayikhrofilimu ngako oko kubalulekile ukuba amaxwebhu agcwaliswe nge-INKI EMNYAMA nangobhalo lwesandla olucocekileyo ukuvelisa ikopi ecacileyo nefundekayo.
Ngubani onokubhalisa ukuzalwa komntwana?
Ukuzalwa kungabhaliswa nanguwuphina umzali womntwana, okanye umntu onebango lomntwana, okanye owayecelwe ukuba abhalise ukuzalwa, ngaphandle kokuba unazo zonke iinkcukacha ezifunekayo.
Ngokwayamene noMthetho,1992, wokuzalwa nokubhubha, konke ukuzalwa makubhaliswe kwiintsuku ezingama-30, emva koko iba sisaziso sokuzalwa esenziwe emva kwexeshsa yaye izizathu zesaziso sasemva kwexesha zingacelwa.
Ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana kubhaliswe emtshatweni, ifani katata okanye kamama okanye ukudityaniswa kwazo zombini, mayinikwe umntwana, iinkcukacha zikamama notata zifakwe kwisaziso sokuzalwa.
Ngefani kamama. Akukho zinkcukacha zikatata zibandakanywayo kwisaziso sokuzalwa.
Ngefani katata, ukuba utata uthatha ingqalelo yokubangutata ngokobukho bomntu okwicandelo 4 yaye nomama uyakuvumela oko. Iinkcukacha zikatata zifakwa kwisaziso sokuzalwa.
Ngefani kamama, ukuba utata uthatha ingqalelo yokubangutata ngokobukho bomntu okwicandelo 4 yaye nomama uyakuvumela oko. Iinkcukacha zikatata zifakwa kwisaziso sokuzalwa.
Akukho nombolo yeSazisi eza kunikwa kumntu obhubhe ngaphambi kokunikwa kwesaziso sakhe sokuzalwa. Sisiqinisekiso sokubhubha esibhalwe ngesandla kuphela esiza kunikwa.
Isaziso sokuzalwa somntwana olahliweyo i Isaziso somntwana olahliweyo siza kunikwa emva kophando ngokuphathelele kumntwana ngokwayamene noMthetho woKhathalelo loMntwana 1983(uMthetho 74 wama 1983) ngunontlalontle okanye igosa le-ofisi eligunyazisiweyo.
Isaziso sokuzalwa masigcwaliswe ngunontlalontle okanye ngumgcini okhethwe ngomthetho wenkundla.
Ifani namagama zinganikwa yinkundla okanye ngumgcini.
Umhla wokuzalwa unganikwa ngugqirha wesithili emva kokuxilonga.
v Akukho zinkcukacha zamzali zifakwayo kwiSaziso sokuZalwa. Igama u"AKAZIWA" liyabhalwa, endaweni yeenkcukacha zabazali.
Ukuba iinkcukacha zomzali zingenisiwe nangaliphina ixesha emva kobhaliso lokuzalwa komntwana, uMlawuli-Jikelele angongeza aze alungise ezo nkcukacha.
viii Ngokwesaziso sokuzalwa semva kwexesha iminwe ingathathwa, ukuba umntu uneminyaka eli-16 nangaphezulu.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Isebe.txt</fn>
Kwizehlo eziqhelekileyo zobomi bakho ungagula okanye wonzakale apho kuya kufuneka ufumane imvume yokuhlala ekhaya ukuba uchache kwisigulo okanye kumonzakalo. Nceda qaphela ukuba ukonzakala kule imeko akubhekiselelanga kumonzakalo emsebenzini.
Ziintsuku ezingama-36 eziqhelekileyo zemvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula enentlawulo yakho iyonke kumjikelo wemvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula. Umjikelo wemvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula lixesha leminyaka emithathu ilandelelana. Umjikelo okhoyo wemvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula ngoku uqale nge-1 kweyoMqungu 2004.
Ukuba uzazi kwangethuba ukuba fanele utyelele inkqubo yesibhedlele, umz. utyando, fanele wenze isicelo ungenise ifomu yesicelo kwangethuba.
Ukanti, ukuba woyiswe sisigulo esiqubulisayo okanye uyenzakala, yazisa umongameli wakho kwangethuba ukuba awunakho ukusebenza ngenxa yesigulo okanye umonzakalo. Umyalezo womlomo ingaba sisihlobo, iqabane lasemsebenzini okanye umhlobo uvumeleke kuphela xa imeko na/okanye ubukhulu besigulo/umonzakalo ukunqanda ukuba wazise umongameli/ umphathi wakho ngokunokwakho.
Ufanele ufake isicelo semvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula ngokunokwakho okanye uthumele isihlobo sakho, iqabane lasemsebenzini kwintsuku eziyi-5 zokusebenza emva kosuku lokuqala ungezanga.
Ngenisa isiqinisekiso sikagqirha sokugula sexesha elingangeentsuku ezintathu nangaphezulu KWAYE kwisihlo apho usebenzise imvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula ngaphezu kwesibini kwixesha leveki ezisi-8, ungalikhathaleli ixesha obungekho ngalo. Bhekiselela nakuVunyo lweziQinisekiso zikaGqirha ezingasezantsi.
Sebenzisa ulawule imvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula ngokuqhelekileyo ngendlela ethembekileyo nangokulumkileyo ngexesha lomjikelo wemvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula.
Yeka ukusebenzisa imvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula uyisebenzisele ezinye izinto ngaphandle kokugula okanye umonzakalo njengoko ungaphela usibasengxakini kamva kumjikelo wemvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula.
Kukucinga nokunika imvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula ngokuvumelana nesicelo sakho.
Kukongamela kwanokuphanda ngemvume eqhelekileyo yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula eyodwa ngokwentsingiselo yokusetyenziswa kakubi okunokubakho. Ukuthabatha amanyathelo ukubangaba ikho imfuneko. Umqeshi ngamanye amaxesha makacele isiqinisekiso sikagqirha samaxesha angaphantsi kweentsuku eziyi-3 ukubangaba intsingiselo ethile ifunyenwe.
Kukucebisa abasebenzi ngendlela yokusebenzisa ngengqondo imvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula.
Ziqhelanise nokusingqongileyo kwasemsebenzini okanye iimfuno zomsebenzi okanye ufune ingqesho engenye, njl-njl kwiimeko apho kuyimfuneko.
Imvume yokungabikho luncedo apho ungenza isicelo kwisihlo apho uyisebenzise yaphela imvume eqhelekileyo yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula kwiminyaka eyi-3 yomjikelo wemvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula.
Ukungabikho ixesha elifutshane -kuxa ixesha lemvume yokungabikho olicelileyo ilele ntsuku ezingama-29 okanye ngaphantsi.
Ukungabikho ixesha elide -kuxa wenze isicelo seentsuku ezingama-30 okanye iintsuku ezingaphezulu zemvume yokungabikho.
ekungenisweni kwesiqinisekiso sikagqirha kwithuba ngalinye ; na kuphandonzulu lomqeshi endalweni nasebudeni besigulo sakho okanye umonzakalo.
Ungangaphindi uyisebenzise ifomu yesicelo semvume u-Z1 ukulungiselela imvume yokungabikho. Zikhona iifomu zesicelo ezimiselwe imvume yokungabikho ixesha elifutshane nelide, ngokwahlukahlukeneyo. Qinisekisa ukuba iifomu zakho zigcwaliswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye bonke ubungqina obuxhasayo budityanisiwe.
Yenza isicelo kwiifomu zezicelo ezifunekayo. Nceda qaphela ukuba fanele wenze isicelo kwiifomu zezicelo ezimiselwe imvume yokungabikho okufutshane nokude ngokwahlukahlukeneyo. Mhlawumbi ungangaphindi usebenzise ifomu u-Z1 umsebenzisele le njongo.
Ukuba uzazi kwangethuba ukuba fanele utyelele inkqubo yesibhedlele, umz. utyando, fanele wenze isicelo ungenise ifomu yesicelo kwangethuba.
Ukanti, ukuba woyiswe sisigulo esiqubulisayo okanye uyenzakala, yazisa umongameli wakho kwangethuba ukuba awukwazi ukusebenza ngenxa yesigulo okanye umonzakalo. Umyalezo womlomo ingaba sisihlobo, iqabane lasemsebenzini okanye umhlobo livumeleke kuphela xa imeko na/okanye ubukhulu besigulo/umonzakalo ukunqanda ukuba wazise umongameli/ umphathi wakho ngokunokwakho.
Ufanele ufake isicelo semvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula ngokunokwakho okanye uthumele isihlobo sakho, iqabane lasemsebenzini kwintsuku eziyi-5 zokusebenza emva kosuku lokuqala ungezanga.
Fanele rhoqo usoloko ungenisa isiqinisekiso sakho sakwagqirha kunye nesicelo sakho. Ungangenisa ingxelo kagqirha exhasayo ekhoyo kwakunye nolwazi, kwakunye nempembelelo ebhaliweyo oyingenisa kunye nesicelo semvume yokungabikho. Bhekiselela nakuVunyo lweziQinisekiso zikaGqirha.
Yeka ukusebenzisa kakubi imvume yokungabikho.
Bambelela unike imbeko kwizigqibo zokuxilongwa ngugqirha okungaphaya okuhleliweyo bacelwa nobuhlelwe nguMphathi weMpilo eseNgozini yoMqeshi.
Umqeshi uza kukunika imvume yokungabikho ngoxhomekeko olumiselwe isiphumo sophandonzulu endalweni nakubukhulu bemvume yokungabikho.
Umqeshi uza kukwazisa ngeziphumo zakhe athabathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ngokweziphumo zayo.
Xa kucaca ukuba awunakuphinda usebenze ngenxa yezizathu zokugula, ungakhutshwa/udle umhlalaphantsi engqeshweni yeeNkonzo zasebuRhulumenteni xa ugula.
Nokuba nguwe okanye umqeshi wakho angaqalisa ukuwudla umhlalaphantsi wempilo yokugula xa inokukrokrelwa ukuba awunokuphinda usebenze. Oku mhlawumbi kungaba kwenzeke emva kwengozi yemoto.
Ukuba wenza isicelo semvume yokungabikho ixesha elide nophandonzulu lomqeshi lube lubonisa ukuba awunakuphinde usebenze, bangasinyusa isicelo sakho sokungabikho sibe sisicelo sokudla umhlalaphantsi wempilo yokugula.
Ungacelwa ukuba ugcwalise iifomu ezithile zesicelo zokudla umhlalaphantsi ngempilo yokugula.
Ngenisa iziqinisekiso zikagqirha nayo nayiphina ingxelo kagqirha exhasayo ekhoyo kwakunye nolwazi kunye nesicelo. Bhekiselela nakuVunyo lweziQinisekiso zikaGqirha.
Bambelela unike imbeko kwizigqibo zokuxilongwa ngugqirha okungaphaya okuhleliweyo bacelwa nobuhlelwe nguMphathi weMpilo eseNgozini yoMqeshi.
Umqeshi uza kukwazisa ngeziphumo zakhe athabathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ngokweziphumo zayo.
Malunga nemvume yokungabikho umqeshi uza kuvumela iziqinisekiso zikagqirha ezikhutshwe zasayinwa ngugqirha obhalise kunye neBhunga leziGxina zeMpilo loMzantsi Afrika nongqinelana ngokusemthethweni nokuqonda isifo ngokusixilonga nangokusinyanga sabaguli. Isiqinisekiso esinjalo sikagqirha fanele ngemvume echazwe nguwe sichaze uhlobo nobukhulu besigulo/ umonzakalo.
Ugqirha nokuba ukhupha isiqinisekiso ngenxa yemigqaliselo eyeyakhe ngexesha lokuxilonga, okanye ngenxa yolwazi olufumaneke kumguli olusekeke phezu konyango olwamkelekileyo.
Inkcazelo yesigulo/ isiphazamisi, ngaphandle okokuba umguli unike imvume yokuxela ulwazi olunjalo.
Umguli nokuba akaphilanga ngokupheleleyo ukulungiselela umsebenzi okanye umguli uza kuba nako ukwenza imisebenzi engekho nzima kakhulu kwindawo yasemsebenzini.
Ubuni bukagqirha ukuba usebenzisa iziqinisekiso zikagqirha ezishicilelweyo kuqala, ngendlela yokuthetha engenakusetyeziswa ngumguli kufaneleke icinyiwe.
Thembisa ukuba umqeshi ngokungqinelana namalungelo akho omgaqo-siseko kubomi obubobakho, umGaqo wokuziPhatha ngokwemiMiselo yeeNkonzo zasebuRhulumenteni, uza kuphatha ngawo onke amaxesha naluphi na ulwazi oluphathelelene nemeko enobugqirha bomsebenzi ngononelelo olufanelekileyo kwanokuthemba abanye. Nasiphina isigqitho sala malungelo siza kuphononongwa ngendlela endilisekileyo kwaye isenzo soqeqesho esiyimfuneko sakumiselwa.
Umqeshi angacingela aphinde aqalise kuphela uphandonzulu lwesicelo sakho xa ungenise ifomu yesicelo esigcwaliswe ngokufanelekileyo nawo onke amaxwebhu afunekayo. Oku kubandakanya ukubuyela kugqirha wakho ukuba agcwalise ingxelo eyimfuneko neyinxalenye yeefomu zezicelo. Ifomu engagqitywanga ukugcwaliswa ingafaka engozini ilungelo lakho ngemvume yokungabikho okanye umhlalaphantsi wempilo yokugula.
funa ixesha lokunduluka uze udibane nogqirha, ingcali yokunyanga, njl-njl. Malunga nezizathu eziphathelelene nempilo yakho; okanye ngabikho ingxenye yosuku ngenxa yokugula okanye ukwenzakala; okanye limele kwaye fanele usebenzele ukugcinwa kwezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo ngenxa yobulwelwe bakho, umqeshi uza kukunika ixesha lokunduluka ukulungiselela ezi ntsuku zokungabikho kwakho. Umqeshi uza kugcina ngezandla irekhodi lamaxesha anjalo asetyenziswe njengamaxesha okunduluka de usuku olugcweleyo lube lugcwalisiwe. Emveni koko luya kuthatyathwa kumalungiselelo akho emvume yokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa yokugula.
Kwimeko enjalo uza kulindeleka ukuba ugcwalise irejista yexesha lokunduluka ukulungiselela iinjongo zokurekhodisha.
Ubungqina bezehlo ezinjalo ngokucacileyo bokuba yimfuneko.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Isibhengezo seenqobo ezisesikwreni zokuziphatha.txt</fn>
Ubupolisa beenqobo ezisesikweni bubanga ukuba, njengabasebenzi beNkonzo yobuPolis boMzantsi Afrika, sisebenze ngesidima nangentloniphi ekungafanini kwabantu kunye nomthetho, ngokwenza koko ke sibe sikhulisa inkonzo egqwesileyo ngendlela efumanisa ngokubuza ukwamkelwa nguwonke-wonke.
Inkcazelo: Thina, njengabasebenzi be-SAPS, siya kuqhuba sizamela ukuxhasa injongo, iinqobo ezisemgangathweni, kunye nemithetho-siseko yeenqobo ezisesikweni kunye nemigangatho ye-SAPS. Ukuziphatha kwethu kuyakuvumelana nezi nqobo zisemgangathweni. Siyakusebenza ngentembeko kunye nemfanelo kwiimeko zonke. Siyakusoloko sixela inyaniso, siyenze ngokubalaseleyo imisebenzi yethu, kwaye sense umzekelo kuluntu esilusebenzelayo.
Ukusebenza: Abasebenzi be-SAPS bayakuqonda ukungafani kwabantu belizwe lethu, kwaye baphatha bonke abantu ngentlonipho elinganayo.
Inkcazelo: Ekwenzeni imisebenzi yethu siyakuhlala sibonisa intlonipho yenyaniso yokuba uluntu alufani, ngokwenkcubeko okanye ngenye indlela. Siyakumphatha ngentlonipho elinganayo umntu ngamnye, kwaye sinike imbeko kumalungelo abo njengabemi boMzantsi Afrika. Asiyi kucalula ngokungekho mthethweni naye nawuphi na umntu.
Ukusebenza: Abasebenzi be-SAPS bahlonela kwaye bagcina umthetho ngawo onke amaxa.
Inkcazelo: Imisebenzi yethu kakhulu ibandakanya ukunyanzela umthetho, kwaye ngale ndlela siyakusoloko sihleli kumthetho kunye noMgaqosiseko welizwe lethu. Ngayo nayiphi na indlela, siyakukuphepha nakuphi na ukuziphatha okunokusenza ukuba sibe ngabanyhashi bomthetho. Siyakuhlala sibakhusela abemi boMzantsi Afrika kwizenzo ezingekho mthethweni.
Inkcazelo: Siyakuyenza imisebenzi yethu ngokona kuba nako kwethu kungcono, ngawo onke amaxa. Ukuziphatha kwethu kuyakuba nophawu lobuchule. Ukuziphatha kunye nembonakalo yethu iya kuba bubungqina bokuzibophelela kwethu kwinkonzo egqwesileyo.
Inkcazelo: Siyakusebenzela owona mdla woluntu, kwaye kuzo zonke iinzame zethu zokugcina umthetho, sifune ukwamkelwa luluntu xa lulonke.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Isingeniso.txt</fn>
Siyakwamkela kuThotho lweDemokrasi yeKomishoni yoNyulo eZimeleyo. Olu thotho yiseti yamakhadi amane ekulula ukuwaphatha nokuwasebenzisa. Amakhadi azama ukukubonisa ukuba unyulo lukuvumela ukuba wenze into- into ebaluleke kakhulu. Unyulo yinkqubo. Xa abantu bethatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo baba nelizwi okanye babonisa abakudingayo okanye abakufunayo malunga nento.
Ngokukhetha uba nelizwi okanye ubonisa okudingayo okanye okufunayo. Uvakalisa ukhetho lwakho.
Unyulo luqala ngomnye nomnye- ngamanye amazwi ngawe.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ukuvota sisenzo esinamandla. Kukwabalulekile ukuba ukuqonde oko ukwenzayo xa uvakalisa ukhetho lwakho. Besingathanda ukuba ucinge malunga nolwazi oza kulufumana kumakhadi. Xa uwafunde onke, uya kuqonda ngokucacileyo indlela obaluleke ngayo kwidemokrasi efana neyaseMzantsi Afrika.
Sikucelile kula makhadi ukuba uqale ngokuzikhangela/ngokuzivavanya xa nibabini, nilusapho, ningumbutho okanye niluluntu. Ukususela apho uya kujonga kuMzantsi Afrika. Sikunceda ukuba uqonde okokuba ufaneleke kweziphi izakhiwo ezifana namacandelo, oomasipala , iphondo kunye nelizwe lakho uMzantsi Afrika. Xa uthe wakwenza oko uya kube ukulungela ukucinga malunga nalapho ufaneleke khona kwilizwekazi i-Afrika, kwiHlabathi nakwiNdalo jikelele.
Sikholelwa ukuba oku kuya kukunceda ukuba ulubone ngenye indlela unyulo eMzantsi Afrika. Sikwakholelwa ukuba xa uthe wawasebenzisa onke amakhadi uya kuba nakho ukucinga kwakho ngokhetho lwakho lokuthatha inxaxheba kunyulo okanye ukungayithabathi.
Siyathemba ukuba uya kukonwabela ukufunda ezi ntloko. Sizame ukukunika ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu malunga nezi ntloko, kodwa asizamanga kuquka yonke into ngazo. Sikhethe indlela ethile yokucinga. Akupheleli kuyo, koko sikholelwa ukuba yindlela eluncedo yokuqwalasela imimandla yolwazi eyenza umahluko omkhulu kubomi bakho.
Into onokucinga malunga nayo!
Sonke sifuna ukuba nelizwi ekwenziweni kwezigqibo eziphembelela/ezichukumisa ubomi bethu. Sifuna ukuba yinxalenye yenkqubo. Abantu abathandi ukubona kukho omnye umntu owongamele ubomi babo. Asithandi xa abanye abantu besithathela izigqibo eziphembelela ubomi bethu, kwaye singazi nto ngazo. Uninzi lwethu lufuna ukuzibandakanya kwinkqubo. Kukho abantu abathi abafuni kuzibandakanya, kodwa ethubeni kubomi babo kubakho into' ethi qatha' ezingqondweni zabo baze baqalise ukuzibuza, Bendiphi xa bekusenziwa isigqibo?
Kwidemokrasi izigqibo zenziwa ngumntu WONKE othe wachukunyiswa ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokumayana. Qaphela ukuba sigxininise "WONKE". Sikwenzele oku ukugxininisa indlela omnye nomnye umntu abaluleke ngayo!
Kodwa kungani omnye nomnye ebaluleke kangaka?
Impendulo ilula kangangokuba akunakuyicinga: Kukuba uyaphila! Ungumntu! Unguye! Uyaphila! Unelungelo loko.
Yintoni ilungelo Ilungelo yinto ongayibanga. Ilungelo lilungelo. Amalungelo oluntu ngamalungelo onokuthi uwabange kuba ungumntu. Unelungelo kuwo kuba ungumntu. Isiqinisekiso sinye kuphela kukuba uyaphila. Akukho mfuneko yokuba ube ufundile okanye usisityebi. Kungeyiyo nemfuneko yokuba uhlala kwindawo ethile yehlabathi. Akuyomfuneko ukuba ube nebala elithile?
Unamalungelo kuba ungumntu- akukhathaliseki nokokuba " ungumntu onjani" uchazwa njani. Izizwe ezisehlabathini eziphantsi kombutho weZizwe Ezimanyeneyo zavumelana ngamalungelo asisiseko abantu kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo ngowe- 1958.
Ingaba ucinga ukuba kukho into ekubambayo Ewe ikho: Ilungelo ngalinye olubangayo lihamba nomsebenzi ongqinelana nalo kunye/okanye nemfanelo! Kufuneka ufumene into, kodwa kufuneka unikezele ngento?
Yintoni osele ufumanise ngayo malunga nedemokrasi?
Idemokrasi yinkqubo esiyisebenzisa ekwenzeni izigqibo ezithathwa nguye WONKE ubani ochukunyiswa zizigqibo ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokumayana.
Xa uthe wachukuyiswa sisigqibo esiza kwenziwa, uyakwazi okudingayo, okufunayo okunqwenelayo nokulangazelelayo.
Unomsebenzi okanye imfanelo yokuxela okanye yokwazisa oko ukudingayo, ukufunayo, ukunqwenelayo okanye ukulangazelelayo kwabanye abantu abachukunyisiweyo nabo sisigqibo esiza kwenziwa.
Bonke abantu abachukunyiswe sisigqibo kufuneka bajonge kwaye bavavanye izidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo abakwazisileyo. Ningahlola kunye ZONKE iinketho zabo okanye okulindelekileyo.
Ningagqiba ukuba niza kwenza ntoni. Ngamanye amazwi nigqiba ngendlela yokwenza.
Nonke nivumelana ngendlela yokwenza. Namkela indlela yokwenza.
Buyela njalo kwinyathelo lokuqala kuba izidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo ziyaguquka. Abantu bayakhula kwaye bayaphuhla. Ngoko soloko kukho ithuba lenguquko nokukhula! Ngalo lonke ixesha buyela kwinyathelo lokuqala kuba kufuneka ugqibe ukuba izidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo zakho ziguquke kangangokuba kufuneka uzive wahlukile ngokuphathelele kwindlela yokwenza oyamkeleyo.
Ukuba ngaba izidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo lwakho ziguquke kakhulu kufuneka uhambe ngamanyathelo kwakho.
Njengoko ubona idemokrasi ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Sisoloko sihendwa kukuthatha indlela emfutshane kwaye sisithi, " Masixelela wonke ubani enze oko sikutshoyo!" Kodwa khawucinge malunga noku. Kunexabiso ukwenza loo msebenzi unzima ukuba ekugqibeleni ungabona izidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo lwakho ziyinxalenye yenkqubo! Ungavumelana?
Kutheni kubalulekile ukuqikelela isidingo, imfuno, umnqweno okanye ulangazelelo?
Unelungelo- nomsebenzi - wokuzigcina. Akukho namnye owazi ngcono ngezidingo zakho, ngeemfuno, ngeminqweno nangolangazelelo kunawe! Ewe ngoko, unelungelo lokubakho kulo mhlaba kwaye unelungelo lokuba ngumntu obalaseleyo! Kodwa kufuneka ugqibe ekubeni "ukubalasela" kunantsingiseloni kuwe! Ingaba ayiyongcinga enika umdla le?
Phambi kokuba sibheke phambili sifuna ukwenza ingongoma ebalulekileyo malunga nabantu ababalulekileyo ababizwa ngokuba ngabantwana. Kumazwe amaninzi wonke ubani ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala ubonwa njengomntwana. IMvumelwano yamaLungelo abaNtwana ikhusela amalungelo abantwana.
Abantu abadala banemfanelo yokuthathela abantwana izigqibo.
Abantu abadala kufuneka bathathe izigqibo " ezikhathalele ukulunga komntwana".
Abantu abadala kufuneka babakhokele kwaye babalawule abantwana babo ngendlela abathi babe nobuchule bokwenza.
Ingaba oku kuthetha ntoni Kuthetha ukuba xa abantwana bebadala ngokwaneleyo besenze iingcamango ngezinto ezibachukumisayo kufuneka abantu abadala babavumele ukuba bavakalise iingcamango zabo. Abantu abadala kufuneka bazithathele ingqalelo iingcamango zabantwana xa bebathathela izigqibo. Njengokuba abantwana besiba badala kwaye befikelela ebudaleni kufuneka abantu abadala bathathe iingcamango zabo ngokuzimiseleyo?
Ngamanye amazwi akufuneki ukuba abantu abadala babanyanzele abantwana benze ezo zinto abafuna bazenze nokokuba abantwana badinga ntoni, bafuna, banqwenela okanye balangazelela ntoni. Endaweni yoko kufuneka abantu abadala babafundise indlela yokuthatha izigqibo eziya kubenza babe ngabantu ababalaseleyo, izigqibo eziya kuba negalelo kukubalasela kwabantu bonke. Abantwana "asibantwana" babantu abadala. Abantu abadala banomsebenzi wokubafundisa ukuba " kucingwa NJANI, kungabi kukucinga NTONI. Banomsebenzi bokubakhulisa ngendlela eya kwenza babe ngabantu abazimeleyo abakwamkelayo ukuba nabanye abantu banamalungelo afanayo njengoko bephila.
Ukuba ngaba umhlaba ngowabantu bonke, yimfanelo yabo ukuba bokonwaba kwaye baneliseke. Yeyiphi indlela eyiyo yokuvakalisa izidingo, iimfuno, umnqweno nolangazelelo ngendlela eyakhayo kwaye engakhathazi abanye?
Xa ngaba isigqibo sichukumisa abantu abambalwa kuphela, abo bantu baya kuzenzela izigqibo. Baya kwenza izigqibo ngokuthe ngqo. Xa izigqibo zichukumisa iqela labantu okanye amaqela amaninzi abantu kulula kwaye kuyakhawuleza ukuvumela abameli ukuba benze izigqibo.ummeli ngumntu omkhethileyo ukuba enze isigqibo okanye enze isenzo egameni lakho. Xa unommeli uthatha inxaxheba ekuthatheni isigqibo ngokumayana.
Ingaba ubakhetha njani aba bameli Okokuqala kufuneka sibuze " ngumntu onjani okanye iqela endilithandayo kwaye endilithembileyo ukuba limele izidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo" Ngoko kufuneka sizilungiselele kwaye sivotele abameli. Ukuvota yindlela yokuvakalisa isidingo, imfuno, umnqweno nolangazelelo?
Umbuzo olandelayo " Sivota njani Ithini inkqubo" Impendulo ixhomekeke kubukhulu beqela nokokuba bangaphi abameli abafunwa ukukhethwa ngabantiu. Ukuba iqela lincinane kwaye abantu bafuna ummeli omnye bangagqiba ngokuvakalisa iinketho zabo ngokuphakamisa izandla ekukhetheni loo mntu bamfunayo?
Kwikhadi elilandelayo sinike iinkcukacha ezinzulu kubameli, kukuthatha isigqibo nokuvota Hlala kunye nathi!
Kolu hlobo lwedmokrasi bambalwa kuphela abaninini. Masithi ababini benu abafuna ukwenza isigqibo esifana " Yintoni esifuna ukuyenza ngoMgqibelo" isigqibo sichukumisa nina nobabini kwaye nobabini kufuneka nithabathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokwenza isigqibo. Kubalulekile ukuba nithathe ixesha ekuhloleni nzulu zonke iinketho zenu. Abantu basoloko bengxamile ekwenzeni oku kwaye baphela besenza izinto ebebengafuni ukuzenza?
Kolu hlobo kudla ngokubakho abantu abaninzi abafuna ukuthatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni isigqibo. Ukwenza kube lula ngakumbi isigqibo senziwa egameni lakho ngabameli abakhethiweyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuthatha inxaxheba mayana okanye idemokrasi yamayana. Kwidemokrasi yamayana kungathathwa inxaxheba okanye kumelwe.
Ukuza kuthi ga sijonge kwindlela elula yokuqonda ukuba yintoni idemokrasi. Sikubonisile ukuba amalungelo ethu oluntu asivumela ukuba sithathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo ngezigqibo ezenziweyo. Sichazile kwakho ukuba xa uthatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni izigqibo mayana usebenzisa abameli abenza izigqibo egameni lakho.
Xa ukhetha ummeli ukuba enze izigqibo egameni lakho kufuneka kuqala uqinisekise ukuba wena nommeli wakho niyaluqonda uhlobo lolwalamano eniya kuba nalo. Kufuneka ubuze imibuzo endilisekileyo kwaye le mibuzo kufuneka iphendulwe ngokuphandle nangentembeko.
Wena nommeli wakho kufuneka niqonde kwaye nivumelane malunga nokuya kwenzeka xa omnye wenu ophule isithembiso okanye imvumelwano. Kufuneka wazi ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ummeli wakho akenzanga oko ubumcele ukuba makakwenze okanye akakwenzanga ngokufanelekileyo. Ningayilungisa le mibandela ngokulandela amanyathelo enkqubo amathandathu esithethe ngako kwiKhadi loku-1.
Kutheni sifuna ukumelwa?
Ngoku masiye kwingcinga esisiseko yokumelwa. Thelekelela ukuba ungomnye wabantu abaninzi abachukunyiswe sisigqibo ekufuneka senziwe. Uyidlalile indima yakho yokulungela ukuthatha inxaxheba: uyazi ukuba udinga ntoni, ufuna, unqwenela okanye ulangazelela ntoni.
Kodwa ukuba nonke nizama ukwenza isigqibo oko kuya kuthatha ixesha elide. Inkqubo iya kuphazamiseka okanye mhlawumbi kube sisiphithiphithi. Ngoku nenza ntoni Nizama ukuyenza lula. Nigqiba ekubeni nikhethe umntu okanye iqela eliya kumela isidingo esithile, imfuno, umqweno okanye ulangazelelo?
Ingaba ukumelwa kubandakanya ntoni?
Ngoko kufuneka ucinge: Uza kujonga ntoni kumntu okanye iqela elikumeleyo Ingaba lo mntu okanye eli qela liza kwazi njani ukuba udinga ntoni kwaye ufuna ntoni ngomso, ngeveki elndelayo okanye kunyaka olandelayo?
Koku kulandelayo singabona ukuba izinto ezithile kufuneka zenziwe.
Kufuneka ukhethe umntu okanye iqela eliya kukumela.
Omabini amacala (wena nommeli) kuya kufuneka evumelane ngendlela eya kuqinisekisa ukuba okulindelwe kwicala ngalinye kufezekisiwe.
Uya kugqiba kwakho ukuba ukuhlola njani kwaye ukuvavanya njani okwenziwe ngumntu okanye iqela olikhethileyo.
Ngoko uqalisa ngokunika ummeli wakho igunya lokwenza izigqibo egameni lakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumyalelo/igunya.
Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka unolwazi malunga neendidi ezahlukeneyo zokumelwa. Siza kuthetha ngeendidi ezimbini: idemokrasi yokumelwa nedemokrasi yokuthatha inxaxheba.
Sikunika igunya lokwenza izigqibo egameni lethu. Izigqibo zakho ziya kuba nempembelelo kuthi ngokuthe ngqo kodwa sikholelwa ukuba uthembekile kwaye siyakuthemba ukuba awusayi kwenza izigqibo eziya kusifaka engozini. Silindele ukuba ucebisane nathi ngamaxesha onke usenza isigqibo esiya kusichukumisa. Ukuba asanelisekanga sisigqibo osenze egameni lethu singakhetha ukunika omnye igunya lethu.
Yintoni eyona ibalulekileyo kulo myalelo Kukuba ukuziphatha kokumelwa kwemihla ngemihla kuchaziwe. Kwidemokrasi yokuthatha inxaxheba abameli basebenzisana kakhulu nabantu ababameleyo ekwenzeni izigqibo zemihla ngemihla?
Sikunika igunya lokwenza izigqibo egameni lethu. Izigqibo zakho ziya kuba nempembelelo kuthi ngokuthe ngqo kodwa sikholelwa ukuba uthembekile kwaye siyakuthemba ukuba awusayi kwenza izigqibo eziya kusifaka engozini. Silindele ukuba uqondisisane kunye nathi qho kwiminyaka emibini. Ukuba asanelisekanga sisigqibo osenze egameni lethu singakhetha ukunika omnye igunya lethu
Kule meko abantu abamelweyo ababandakanyeki ngokukhutheleyo ekwenzeni izgqibo zemihla ngemihla. Kule meko umyalelo wenziwa mtsha qho kwiminyaka emibini. Kodwa ixesha lingalifutshane kangangoko ukuba la macala mabini akhetha ukwenza njalo kwaye anqwenela oko.
Yintoni ekufuneka iqukiwe kumyalelo/kwigunya?
Imiyalelo emibini oyibonileyo ilula kakhulu kodwa yomibini ithetha ngentembeko nokuthembakala. Yomibini ibonisa intlonipho yezidingo zabantu zokugqiba ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kubo nakuluntu lwabo.
Umyalelo kufuneka uchaze ngokucacileyo ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni xa izinto zingahambanga ngendlela ibiyiliwe.
Umyalelo/igunya kufuneka ucacise indlela aya kuthi la macala mabini aqinisekise ngayo ukuba izidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo lwecala ngalinye ziyafezekiswa kwixesha elizayo njengoko ziguquka kwaye zivela. Ok ayikokuphela kwebali! Kodwa kusekelwe kumqathango wokuba abantu bangagqiba ngokwenzeka kubo. Sinemfanelo yokukhusela eli lungelo.
Siyathemba ukuba ngoku wazi ngcono ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo zedemokrasi nangendidi ezahlukeneyo zokumelwa. Sikwathemba ukuba uyaqonda ukuba idemokrasi ithetha ukuba kufuneka sazi okwenzeka kwihlabathi lethu. Idemokrasi ayithethi ngakuvota kuphela. Ingaphezulu kukuvota.
Kufuneka songamele oko kwenzekayo, sivavanye oko kwenziwa ngabameli bethu.
Kufuneka thina nabameli bethu sizimele izenzo zethu.
Emva kwexesha kufuneka sihlole igunya esilinike abameli bethu kwaye sigqibe ukuba siza kuluhlaziya.
Ingaba sikwenze wacinga Bambelela njalo kwaye uhlalele isiqendu esilandelayo?
Sele ubonile ukuba ukwenza inkqubo yokwenza isigqibo sedemokrasi asiyonto inzima. Kodwa xa uzama ukuba inkqubo isebenze kubakho izinto ezininzi ezivelayo . kulapho kuqalisa ukuba nzima!
Inyathelo 1: Xa uthe wachukunyiswa sisigqibo esiza kwenziwa uyazazi izidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo lwakho.
Inyathelo 2: Unomsebenzi okanye imfanelo yokuxela okanye ukwazisa oko ukudingayo, ukufunayo, ukunqwenelayo okanye okulangazelelayo kwabanye abantu abachukunyisiweyo nabo sisigqibo esiza kwenziwa.
Inyathelo 3: Bonke abantu abachukunyiswe sisigqibo kufuneka bajonge kwaye bavavanye izidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo abazazisileyo. Bekunye bangahlola ZONKE iinketho okanye okulindelweyo.
Inyathelo 4: Ngoku ningagqiba ukuba niza kwenza ntoni. Ngamanye amazwi nigqiba ngendlela yokwenza.
Inyathelo 5: Nonke nivmelana ngendlela yokwenza. Namkela indlela yokwenza.
Inyathelo 6: Ekugqibeleni uyayizalisekisa.. Wenze oko uvume ukuba uza kwenza.
Buyela kwinyathelo lokuqala ngalo lonke ixesha izidingo zakho, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo ziguquka!
Inyathelo lokuqala lwenkqubo lubonakala lulula ude ube uyayeka kwaye ucinge ngalo. Funda " ukuthetha nawe" ukuze wazi ukuba isidingo, imfuno, umqweno nolangazelelo zingenzeka. Kodwa ke nguwe kuphela. Cinga ngokunokwenzeka xa ufikelele ngaphaya kwakho. Kungaba kukunyuka intaba!
Okona sikutshoyo kukuba ukuba sifuna idemokrasi yethu isebenze xa sisonke kufuneka siyamkele into yokokuba sinomsebenzi wokuzilawula. Kwaye kufuneka senze loo msebenzi.
Inxalenye encinane yesakhiwo soluntu ngulowo nalowo.cinga ngomnye nomnye njengesitena kwisakhiwo esikhulu kakhulu esinzima. Esi sitena senza iphatheni kunye nezinye izitena ize ekugqibeleni senze udonga. Ngaphandle kolu donga akusayi kubakho sakhiwo. Ngamanye amazwi sithi ingulowo nalowo ubalulekile kwisakhiwo salo naluphi uluntu.
Yintoni enye equlathwe luluntu Siza kuzama ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngokuqala sijonge " izinto" zoluntu?
Abanye ngabanye bayahlangana babe zizibini - umzekelo abahlobo. Benza iintsapho- zonke iindidi zeentsapho. Iintsapho zenza imibutho ize imibutho yenze uluntu. Kuhambeka njalo side sibe namazwe kunye namazwekazi! Konke kuqala ngomnye nomnye kwaye ukuba omnye nomnye akonwabanga kuluntu okanye akazi iinqobo zabo ezisemgangathweni ilizwe liya kuba yindawo ekungonwatywanga kuyo!
Nangona singabanye ngabanye sisoloko sinqumbene. Ukhe wayiva intetho ethi, " akukho mntu uyedwa" . Akukho namnye oyedwa. Naxa usenza izinto ngokwakho kufuneka uthathelel ingqalelo abanye abantu. Ungacula ingonyana okanye uqhube imoto yakho kwicala elingalunganga ukuba uyathanda. Kodwa kufuneka ulindele ukuba kukho abantu abangazukuvuma kwaye ungazibona usengxakini ngokuphathelele kumthetho. Oku kubonisa ukuba njengabanye ngabanye siseyinxalenye yeqela.
Masiyeke sandule sicinge ngenyathelo lesi-2 kwinkqubo. Kufuneka wazise/unxibelelane isidingo, imfuno, umnqweno okanye ulangazelelo. Yandula uye kwinyathelo lesi-3 nelesi-4. Yintoni ekufuneka uyiqondile ukuze uqhubeke ngempumelelo nala manyathelo?
Mhlawumbi uyaye uqaphele ukuba ngamanye amaxesha xa useqeleni kwaye uzama ukuvakalisa ingcamango yakho (mhlawumbi oko ukudingayo okanye ukufunayo) kuba nzima ukuba kuviwe ilizwi lakho. Mhlawumbi uvela kwiimeko ezinjalo apho " imicimbi" yakho ingakhange ilungiswe. Ingaba kwenzeka ntoni kwezi meko?
Kulapho sijonga ipolotiki negunya.
Omnye nomnye unegunya. Le yingxelo elula kodwa ibalulekile. Umntu ngamnye unegunya. Sinegunya kuba siyaphila, singakhetha kwaye nangezinye izizathu ezininzi. Njengomnye nomnye ungabambelela kwigunya lakho. Ungakhetha ngokunikezela ngegunya lakho komnye umntu okanye kwiqela labantu. Ungabanika igunya lakho ukuba balizebenzise kuwe okanye balisebenzise kunye nawe.
Ukudibanisa igunya omnye nomnye" kunento yokwenza nokwakha amaqela oluntu Xa abantu ' bedibanisa" into, bahlanganisa abanako baze bakusebenzise kunye ukuze bakwazi ukuphumelela injongo ethile. Koko kwenziwa ngabantu xa benomgalelo stokvel okanye umbutho wokonga- badibanisa imali yabo. Sikwenza oku xa sibona ukuba abaninzi banamandla kunomnye.
Ukuba sifuna ukudibanisa igunya lomnye nomnye ngempumelelo kufuneka sifune abanye abantu abasele benezidingo, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo olufana nolwethu. Inye inketho kukuqionisekisa ukuba abanye abantu bafuna kwaye badinga oko sikudingayo nesikufunayo. Ngenxa yoko kufuneka uguqule izidingo neemfuno zakho, okanye uqinisekise abanye abantu ukuba baguqule izidingo neemfuno zabo. Le yinto eyamkelekileyo ukuba yenziwe kwidemokrasi.
Kukho enye indlela yesibini. Ungazama ukubanyanzela abantu ukuba baguqule izidingo neemfuno zabo. ungasebenzisa izisongelo, ukuboyikisa ukuba uza kubhengeza iimfihlo zabo nesoyikiso.
Nokokuba ukhetha indlela yokuqala okanye yesibini oko ukwenzayo kukuyila umanyano olubizwa ngokuba ligunya lembumba. Umbutho webhola yomnyazi ligunya lembumba elenziwe ngabantu ababelana ngomdla kwibhola yomnyazi. Umbutho wabasebenzi ligunya lembumba elenziwe ngabantu abafuna kulungiswe imibandela yemisebenzi ngokuqukanisiweyo. Amaqela ezopolitiko nawo angamagunya embumba. Amalungu eqela lopolitiko soloko esabelana ngeengcinga ezithile kunye nemiqathango.
Ukusetyenziswa nokwabelana ngegunya kubizwa ngokuba "yipolitiki".
Igunya lembumba lingavakalisa iinketho zalo njengeqela. Ngamanye amazwi bangavota njengeqela. Bangasebenza kunye ukuzalisekisa iinjongo zabo njengeqela. Singabantu boMzantsi Afrika singavota siligunya lembumba. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezisihlanganisayo. UmGaqo-siSeko uthetha ngenye yezinto ezisihlanganisayo. Uthi, "Thina bantu boMzantsi Afrika sikholelwa ukuba uMzantsi Afrika ngowabantu bonke abahlala kuwo, SIMANYENE ekwahlukaneni kwethu".
Ingaba igunya lembumba linanto yakwenzana nantoni nokuvota nonyulo Inokuba sele uvile xa abantu besithi unyulo ngundoqo weedemokrasi. Ingaba oku kuthetha ntoni?
Sithe amalungu oluntu enziwa ngabantu. Umntu ngamnye kwaba unezidingo neemfuno. Xa kukho abantu abaninzi kumalungu oluntu, bathatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni izigqibo ngabameli.
Sikwathe inyathelo elinye kwinkqubo yedemokrasi libandakanya ukugqiba ngendlela yokwenza. (Oku kwenzeka kwinyathelo lesi-4). Kwakho abantu bavuma indlela abaya kuvakalisa ngayo iinketho zabo. Xa uthe wagqiba ukuba usebenzise ummeli ukuba enze izigqibo egameni lakho unika ummeli igunya lakho. Ummeli wakho angasebenzisa elo gunya lilelekho kuwe okanye kunye nawe. Yinketho yakho leyo.
Kuninzi okuqukwayo apha, ngoko kufuneka ulawule konke. Ufuna ngoko izixokelelwano neenkqubo.
Xa abantu bevakalisa inketho yabo malunga nezigqibo eziya kuchukmisa ubukho boluntu oluninzi okanye oluntsonkothileyo bafuna izixokelelwano zonyulo ukubanceda ukuba balawule indlela yokuvakalisa inketho yabo.
Umzekelo ungavuma ukuba wonke ubani uya kwamkela isigqibo esifumene iivoti ezininzi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisixokelelwano sesininzi kuba isigqibosenziwe ngabantu abaninzi. Nabantu abavotele enye into eyahlukileyo kufuneka bamkele okugqituywe sisininzi.
Ukuba uvuma ukuyenza ngenye indlela isixokelelwano siba sisixokelelwano segcuntswana. Unganesixokelelwano sokuhlangabezana apho isigqibo sesininzi sithi samkelwe kodwa izidingo neemfuno zegcuntswana ziya kuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Xa ukhethe ummeli ungavuma ukuba umntu ofumene iivoti ezininzi nguye ophumeleleyo. Esi sixokelelwano sibizwa ngokuba ophumeleleyo- uthatha -konke okanye isixokelelwano sokuqala-udlule- indawo. Esi eneneni sisixokelelwano sesininzi. Umntu ofumene iivoti ezininzi uba ngummeli aze andule afumane umyalelo/igunya kwisininzi.indawo.
Amanye amaqela akazithandi ezi zixokelelwano. Abantu abasemaqeleni bayaqonda ukuba kukho izidingo neemfuno ezahlukeneyo phakathi kwabo. Bafuna indlela yokugcina ukwahlukana phakathi kwabo. Bangasebenzisa isixokelelwano esibizwa ngokuba kukumela ukwalameneyo.
Kule meko kufuneka kuqala uqikelele ukuba bangaphi abameli onqwenela ukuba bamele iqela. Uqikelela kwakho ukuba bangaphi abantu abafuna into enye, bangaph abafuna into engenye kwaye bebangaphi abafuna into eyahlukileyo, njl, njl. wahlula amaqela ngokwezi ndidi uze wenze ulalamano lweqela ngalinye kwiqela elipheleleyo.
Ngoku uqikelela ukuba iqela ngalinye liya kuba nabameli abangaphi. Iqela elifuna u-X liya kufumana ama- 50% zabameli. Iqela elifuna u-Y liya kufumana ama-30% abameli, ize iqela elifuna u- Z lifumane ama- 20% abameli. Ngamanye amazwi abo banegunya lembumba elikhulu kakhulu bafumana ukumelwa okukhulu. Abo banegunya lembumba elincinanana bafumana abameli abancinane.
Ukumelwa okwalameneyo sisixokelelwano esikhuthaza ukwahlukana.
Khange sithethe malunga nokuba noncedo nokungabi nancedo kwezi zixokelelwano, kodwa sithemba ukuba sikuchazele ngokwaneleyo ukuze ubone ukuba ukuvakalisa ukhetho lomnye nomnye lubaluleke kakhulu. Ivoti yakho iyabala! Ungayenza ibale xa unokuthatha inxaxheba.
Xa uthe wavuma kwisixokelelwano kufuneka ukhethe ukuba ngubani oya kulawula isixokelelwano - umgwebi. Kufuneka kuyilwe inkqubo.
Kufuneka inkqubo ukuthelekelela ubukhulu beqela labantu abaya kuchukunyiswa sisigqibo. Ngoobani Ubafumana phi Ubafumana njani?
Ufuna inkqubo ukuze abantu babe nokuchaza ukuba bachukumisekile.
Kufuneka iinkqubo ezicacisa indlela abaya kubonisa ngayo ukhetho lwabo, indlela oya kubala ngayo ukhetho nendlela oya kugqiba ngayo ukuba ubalo luthetha ntoni. Kufuneka iinkqubo ukuze ukwazi ukwazisa abantu ngeziphumo.
EMzantsi Afrika unyulo lwesizwe, lwamaphondo nolwasekhaya lwenziwa yiKomishoni yoNyulo eZimeleyo -i-IEC. I-IEC indlala indima yokuba ngumgwebi kwabo bantu kunye namaqela opolitiko azigqatsela elunyulweni. I-IEC yenza iinkqubo ezinceda ilizwe lonke ukuba lithathe inxaxheba ekukhetheni abameli. I-IEC ibhalisa amaqela ezopolitiko kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba ilelo iqela linemiqondiso eyahlukileyo yokulichonga. I- IEC ikwabhalisa nabantu abafuna ukuzigqatsela elunyulweni. Aba babizwa ngokuba ngabagqatswa. I- IEC ayigqibi ngesixokelelwano sokukhetha koko ilawula indlela esisebenza ngayo isixokelelwano xa sithe saba sendaweni.
Kwikhadi elilandelayo nelokugqibela sijonge kurhulumente wasekhaya nendlela idemokrasi yokuthatha inxaxheba esebenza ngayo eMzantsi Afrika. Hlala kunye nathi kule nxalenye yokugqibela!
Kweli khadi sijonge uMzantsi Afrika njengobukho boluntu. Sijonge ingakumbi urhulumente wasekhaya eMzantsi Afrika.
EMzantsi Afrika siwahlule urhulumente wethu wazizahlulo ezithathu- owesizwe, owamaphondo nowasekhaya. Ezi zahlulo zinxulumene (jonga emfanekisweni.) isahlulo ngasinye sineemfanelo zaso okanye imisebenzi. Ezinye iimfanelo zabelwa phakathi kwesizwe namaphondo, ezinye phakathi kwamaphondo norhulumente wasekhaya, ekubeni ezinye zisabelwa phakathi kwesizwe norhulumente wasekhaya. Kukho eminye imisebenzi ekwabelwana ngayo zizo zonke izahlulo. Ilungelo lokuphila likhuselwa zizo zonke izahlulo. Ulwalamano phakathi kwezahlulo zikarhulumente lubizwa ngokuba kukuxhomekelelana . Akukho nasinye isahlulo esibalulekileyo kunesinye. Xa zizonke ziqinisekisa ukuba uMzantsi Afrika lilizwe ledemokrasi eyomeleleyo kwaye ezele ludlamko. Esinye nesinye sinendima eyodwa eyidlalayo.
kwizahlulo zesizwe nezamaphondo idemokrasi yethu yemelweyo. Sikhetha abameli kwelinye lamaqela ezopolitiko ukuba benze izigqibo ezisichukumisayo. Sinethuba lokujonga kweli gunya/umyalelo njalo kwiminyaka emihlanu.
Kwisahlulo sikarhulumente wasekhaya sinedemokrasi yokuthatha inxaxheba. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezikhoyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abameli bakho kurhulumente wasekhaya basebenza kunye nawe kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwenza izigqibo. Indlela esikhuthele ngayo ekuthatheni inxaxheba ekwenziweni kwezigqibo kunempembelelo enkulu kwindlela esibuva ngayo bomi bethu.
Sinabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama- 45 abahlala eMzantsi Afrika. Asinakuthatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo sonke ekwenzeni izigqibo kwisahlulo sesizwe okanye samaphondo. Kwezi zahlulo zikarhulumente inketho engcono kukuba sithathe inxaxheba ngabameli. Kwisahlulo sikarhulumente wasekhaya idemokrasi yethu yeyokuthatha inxaxheba. Kodwa kungani ungathathi inxaxheba kurhulumente wasekhaya Kutheni ukhathala?
Urhulumente wasekhayaunemfanelo yokunikezela ngeenkonzo kuluntu lwasekhaya. Oku kuthetha ukuba urhulumente wasekhaya kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba abantu kuluntu lwasekhaya beneenkonzo ezisisiseko.
Urhulumente wasekhaya wenziwe ngoomasipala. Umasipala ulawulwa lubhunga. Ibhunga liqulethe amalungu ebhunga anyuliweyo kunye namagosa aseburhulumenteni abathi bahlangane baxoxe ngoyilo lokunikezelwa ngeenkonzo kwingingqi yabo. Amalungu ebhunga enza imigaqo kunye noyilo ukubonelela ngeenkonzo. Amagosa kufuneka anikezele ngeenkonzo ebantwini. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamagosa. Isenokuba ngabongikazi, ngababhali-mali, ngoonobhala, abathuthi benkunkuma njalo njalo. Amalungu ebhunga ayonyulwa (ngabameli babantu). Amagosa aseburhulumenteni ayaqeshwa njengaye nawuphi umsebenzi.
Zeziphi iinkonzo eezisisiseko ekufuneka urhulumente wasekhaya ezinikezele?
Ukuba ucinge ngenye yezi nkonzo uya kubona ukuba injongo karhulumente wasekhaya kukubonelela ngeenkonzo esizifuna sonke ukuba siphile kwaye sonwabe.
Kuba singenakuthatha sonke inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo ekwenzeni izigqibo ezisichukumisayo sikhetha abameli ukuba basenzele oku kwizahlulo zozithathu zikarhulumente. Kurhulumente wasekhaya abameli bethu ngabantu esibabiza ngokuba ngamalungu ebhubga. Aba bantu kunye namagosa kamasipala basebenza nathi ukuze sanelise izidingo ezisisiseko.
Ingqiqo eMzantsi Afrika kukuba urhulumente wasekhaya usebenzisa idemokrasi yokuthatha inxaxheba. Ungaqonda ukuba kungani : Urhulumente wasekhaya unemfanelo yemicimbi ekuchukumisa yonke imihla. Siyibiza le micimbi njengemicimbi yempilo.
Kusebenza njani oku Cinga malunga nobukho boluntu obenza umasipala.: omnye nomnye, izibini okanye abatshati, iintsapho, imibutho noluntu. Uluntu lucwwangciswe kumacandelo, kwaye eMzantsi Afrika amacandelo ahlanganiswe kunye ukwenza izithili. Kwizixeko ezikhulu kakhulu zibizwa ngokuba ngooMasipala beziXeko ezikhulu (Metro). Banenani elikhulu kakhulu lamacandelo kodwa azinazo izithili?
Uyithatha njani inxaxheba kurhulumente wasekhaya?
Abanye abantu abahlala eMzantsi Afrika banelungelo lokuvota, ukanti abanye abanalo. Xa uvota uthatha inxaxheba kurhulumente, kodwa nokuba awunakuvota ungayithatha inxaxheba. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba akunakuvota kodwa usenomsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuba abo bavotayo bayazazi izidingo zakho, iimfuno, iminqweno nolangazelelo. Oku kubalulekile kuba iinketho abazenzayo ziya kukuchukumisa/nempembelelo kuwe. Ngoko kufuneka ufumene indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba izidingo neemfuno zakho zithathelwa ingqalelo. Kufuneka udlale indima ukuqinisekisa ukuba ummamdla oselizweni lonke uvumela wonke ubani ukuba avakalise iingcamango zakhe ngokukhululekileyo.
Idemokrasi ayipheli xa abantu bevotile. Kufuneka sihleli sigqiba ukuba zeziphi izidingo zethu nokokuba ziyazalisekiswa. Kurhulumente wasekhaya ingcinga yedemokrasi yokuthatha inxaxheba yeyokuba ungayinxalenye yenkqubo yokugqiba ukuba kuza kwenziwa ntoni, phi kwaye njani.
Uyakwenza oku Okanye unikezele ngegunya lakho kumntu ongamazi nokumazi Ukuba kunjalo, sinethemba ukuba olu luhlu lukukhuthazile ukuba ucinge ngezenzo zakho kunye neziphumo zezenzo zakho?
Xa uvota wenza uphawu. Wenza ilizwi lakho libalwe! Ivoti yakho inika ummeli weqela igunya lokwenza izigqibo kwimicimbi ebalulekileyo.
Ungenza ntoni ukuze uthathe inxaxheba?
Bhalisa njengomvoti. Qinisekisa ukuba likhona igama lakho kuluHlu lwamagama abaVoti. Eli lisango lokuba yinxalenye yeenkqubo zokwenza izigqibo ezichukumisa ubomi bakho ngoku nakwixesha elizayo.
Imikhwa esiyenzayo ebuncinaneni isisa ebudaleni. Bhalisa uze uvote ngoku. Qiniseka ukuba ngomso xa ungumntu omdala uMzantsi Afrika uya kube uyidemokrasi eluqilima kuangoku.
Ukuba uhlala uvuselelekile, phaphile, kwaye uzibandakanya unalo ilungelo lokubuza ukuba Ndandiphi xa kwakusenziwa isigqibo ?
Phembeleleka uze wenze!
Siyabulela ngexesha esabelane ngalo! UMzantsi Afrika ngowakho nawe! Yenza oku ngathi uyakwazi oko!
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Izihloko.txt</fn>
IPhepha lesi-6 Xa usebenza nge-asbestos iimpahla ezimiselweyo zokuzikhusela mazinxitywe.
IPhepha lesi-7 Khusela umzimba wakho ngokunxiba iimpahla ezimiselweyo zokuzikhusela maxa onke.
IPhepha lesi-8 Abadibanisi mabangaze basebenze ngaphandle kwesigcina-ntloko, iiglavu kunye neempahla ezikhuselayo.
IPhepha le-9 Kulumkele ukurhogela iikhemikhali ezinobungozi ngokunxiba isinxibo esifunekayo sokukhusela esogquma impumlo yakho kunye nomlomo.
IPhepha le-11 iBhodi yokusasaza efana nale iyingozi kwaye kufuneka ukuba yogqunywe ngokufanelekileyo maxa onke.
IPhepha le-12 Ukuba ngaba kufuneka ukuba usebenzise ileli, qiniseka ukuba izinzile kwaye isebenza kakuhle phambi kokuba uyisebenzise.
IPhepha le-13 Abaqhubi boomatshini abaphakamisa amaxhanti kufuneka ukuba bahlale bekhumbula ukunxiba iminqwazi yabo yokhuseleko, kwaye kufuneka baluqeqeshelwe ngqo olu hlobo loomatshini.
IPhepha 1e-14 Xa usehlelwa yingozi emsebenzini kufuneka ukuba ixelwe kwiSebe lezemiSebenzi ngoko nangoko.
IPhepha le-16 Abasebenzi abaninzi abakwazi ukuqhuba ngemisebenzi yabo emva kwengozi kwaye kufuneka kuqala baye kwindawo yokunyango umguli ngokumnika umsebenzi omfaneleyo okanye kwiziko lochacho.
IPhepha le-17 Ukukhusela kungcono kunokunyanga, ingakumbi emsebenzini wakho.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Izikhokelo zokuzalisekisa ulawulo lobutyebi bendalo (2003).txt</fn>
Xesha liphi apho iCBNRM ingafanelekanga?
Ulawulo lobutyebi bendalo obusekelwe kuluntu (CBNRM) lumalunga nolwalamano phakathi kwabantu, kwamaziko wabo impiliso yabo nobutyebi bendalo. ICBNRM ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngobulumko kobutyebi bendalo, nokuphucula impiliso yabantu. Yinkqubo enamacala amaninzi yolawulo lobutyebi bendalo. Yinkqubo yokufikelela banzi ekuphuhliseni amaphadle, yokubandakanya iziqalo ezininzi ukuquka uluntu kulawulo nokulondolaza ubutyebi.
Ulawulo lobutyebi bendalo obusekelwe kuluntu (CBNRM) yinkqubo yokuphuhlisa ukukhuthazwa kokusetyenziswa ngobulumko ubutyebi bendalo. Iphucula uphuhliso lwamaphandle, ingakumbi kwiingingqi zemizi ngokuthabatha inxaxheba kwabantu basekhaya. Ijolise ekunciphiseni ubuhlwempu bamaphandle ngokuvelisa uncedo/kwenzuzo lwezentlalo, oluninzi, lwezoqoqosho, lwamaziko nolumalunga nezinto eziphilayo neendawo eziphila kuzo. Ilondoloza ubutyebi bendalo ngokuxhobisa uluntu ukuba lulawule ubutyebi balo.
Ukuxhobisa uluntu lwasemaphandleni ukuba lwenze izigqibo zalo ngokuphathelele kukusetyenziswa kobulumko kobutyebi babo bendalo.
Amaziko alawula isixokelelwano sokusetyenziswa kobutyebi kufuneka ubuncinane sibe nokulawulwa ngokwentando yesininzi. (Bell 1999).
Xesha liphi apho iCBNRM ingafanelekanga?
Ekubeni iCBNRM ifanelekile kwaye inamandla kwiimeko ezininzi kukho ezinye iimeko apho kukuncinane ukuphumelela kwayo kwaye apho iCBNRM ingeyompendulo.
Amasebe karhulumente akanabuchule baneleyo okanye bokubuphuhlisela inkxaso yexesha elide.
Abalawula umhlaba nobutyebi bawo kunye kwaye bazinzisa amaziko ukuxhasa ukulawula obu butyebi.
Lungabonwa ngokwale ngcinga 'umzi okanye ibandla' ngokubhekiselele 'kubudlelane' (iqela elineenjongo ezifanayo) abasenokungahlali endaweni enye, 'ngokoluntu lwejografi' oluhlala endaweni enye.
Nangona iCBNRM kufuneka ibandakanye kwaye ibe luncedo/kwenzuzo kuye wonke ubani kuluntu oluhlala nobutyebi bendalo kwaye obulusebenzisayo, inyaniso yeyokuba liqela elincinane labantu elinomdla kwaye elinqwenela ukubandakanywa ngokukhutheleyo kulawulo lobutyebi bendalo. Idla ngokwenzeka into yokuba njengokuba inyathelo lokuqala liphuhliseka kwaye liqalisa ukuvelisa uncedo/kwenzuzo abantu abaninzi bayakhuthazeka kwaye bafune ukubandakanywa.
Uncedo lokuphuhlisa izakhono zoluntu zokungasebenzisi ubutyebi bendalo ngorhwebo lokhenketho njalo njalo.
Iimvumelwano zolawulo lwentsebenziswano, iipaki zemvumelwano neemvumelwano zokugqithisela komhlaba apho uluntu luba lulwahlulelwano ekulondolozeni emva kokuphumelela ukubanga umhlaba wolondolozo owahluthwa kubo mandulo.
Ukuphuhlisa ulawulo nobuchule bamaziko oluntu ukulawula ubutyebi babo ngcono.
Nangona ezi zikhokelo zizisiqalo zokusetyenziswa eMzantsi Afrika iCBNRM yinxalenye yentshukumo yokukhula kumazantsi e-Afrika nangaphaya. Amazwe amaninzi angabamelwane ziphuhlise ezazo iinkqubo zokuhlanganisa ulawulo nokhuseleko lobutyebi bendalo noncedo kuluntu lwasemaphandleni. Ezi nkqubo zikwazama ukuhlanganisa ngokungekho sikweni izixokelelwano zobumnini obuqhelekileyo nokusetyenziswa kwemveli kobutyebi bendalo bube zizixokelelwano ezisesikweni namaziko.
Inkqubo yolwahlulelwano lokulawula ubomi basendle, umzekelo iNkqubo yokuLawula ubuTyebi beNdalo (NRMP) eBotswana naphina.
Iziqalo ezininzi zeCBNRM ezihlangene neemvumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe zityikitywe nguRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika. Izivumelwano eziphambili eziphembelela imisebenzi yeCBNRM apha uVumelwano ikuKwahlukana ngokweBhayoloji, imVumelwano kuRhwebo lwamazwe ngaMazwe kuDidi olunobuNgozi (CITES) noVumelwano lokuLwa ubuNkqantosi (CCD). Uluhlu lunzulu lwemithetho nemigaqo yoMzantsi Asfrika lunikwe kwisihlomelo soku-1.
Phantsi kwezi mvumelwano kunye nezinye uRhulumente woMzantsi Afrika ubophelelekile ekukhuseleni ukwahlukana ngokwebhayoloji jikelele kunye kwiindidi ezininzi ezibanzi ezicingelwa ukuba zinobungozi luluntu lolondolozo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ukongeza kwiimfuneko ezisesikweni zokugcina ukutyeba kwezityalo nezilwanyana ezininzi ezibanzi ezisemhlabeni zelizwe elidibene nelizwekazi, kukho ukunakana okukhulayo kwixabiso lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezininzi ezibanzi ezisemhlabeni kubantu bonke be-Afrika esemazantsi. Oku akunyinwanga kwixabiso loqoqosho lwayo olunokwenzeka kodwa kwixabiso lwenkcubeko lwayo nakwintsingiselo, nokubaluleka kwayo kumgangatho wobomi babantu besithili.
Phantse onke amanyathelo okuqala eCBNRM abandakanya ukuzinziswa kolwahlulelwano phakathi kwabathabathi-nxaxheba abahlukeneyo. Olu lwahlulelwano luthatha izimo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ziqhele ukubaluleka kwimpumelelo okanye kwelinye inyathelo.
Phakathi koluntu oluyamaneyo olwabelana ngobutyebi obusisiseko bendalo obufanayo- amahlathi, amanzi, amadlelo, imizi njalo njalo.
Phakathi koluntu lwasemaphandleni namashishini abucala - ingakumbi 'ukhenketho' namalinge afanayo.
Iinkqubo ezininzi zeCBNRM zibandakanya iqela labathabathi-nxaxheba abasebenza ngentsebenziswano, kwaye ngamnye unendima yakhe neemfanelo malunga nenkqubo (Umzobo woku-1).
Iqela lasemaphandleni - soloko limelwe ngamaziko oluntu akhoyo nezakhiwo okanye zezo zimiselwe ukuhambisa inkqubo yeCBNRM. ImiButho esekelwe kuluntu (CBOs) isoloko imela iqela elithile kuluntu.
Abanzeli abaqhubela phambili - soloko iziNGO, abacebisi okanye amagosa karhulumente anenkcazelo yomsebenzi othile umzekelo 'abaququzeleli boluntu' 'uphuhliso loluntu', okanye 'iinkonzo zentlalo'. Ngamanye amaxesha amasebe eeyunivesithi okanye amaziko ophando azifumana ekule ndima. Asebenza ngokusondeleleneyo noluntu ixesha elide.
Ii-arhente zabanikeli - imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe enemidla enamandla kuphuhliso lwamaphandle kunye nolondolozo lwezityalo ezininzi ezibanzi emhlabeni.
Ezi zikhokelo zijolise kuluntu, amanye amagcisa eCBNRM nabenzi bomgaqo. Umzobo woku-1 uchonga aba bathabathi-nxaxheba kunye neemfanelo zabo zeCBNRM.
ICBNRM ayingobalondolozi bodwa nabezemimandla kwaye imiqathango yeCBNRM ingasetyenziswa kumacandelo amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Imizekelo embalwa yendlela iCBNRM inxulumana nezifundo ezahlukeneyo namacandelo anikwe ngezantsi. Imizekelo eminizi isekumanqanaba ayo asekuqaleni kuphuhliso kwaye kufuneka ahambe umgama omde phambi kokuba angabanga impumelelo.
ICBNRM iqhele ukubandakanywa nolondolozo, ikakhulu kwiimeko apho uluntu lwenze umhlaba ubekho ekumanyanisweni neengingqi ezikhuselweyo. Umhlaba uqeshiswa luluntu ngee-arhente zolondolozo , kodwa uluntu oluninzi lunegalelo kwingingqi ekhuselweyo ngemvumelwano yokulawula kunye. Olunye uluntu luhambe inyathelo elinye ukuya phambili ngokuzinzisa kwalo ubomi basendle kunye nemibutho yolondolozo lwezokhenketho kumhlaba webandla okufutshane kwiingingqi ezikhuselweyo. Kulwazi-mahlathi, uLawulo lwamahlathi ngokweNxaxheba okanye iPFM bubuchule bokulondoloza amahlathi obujolise ukunika abantu basekhaya igunya elithile lokwenza izigqibo kubutyebi bamahlathi nokunika uncedo/kwenzuzo olubambekayo kubo. Abantu basekhaya bangasebenzisa imvume yokuvuna ubutyebi obuthile kumahlathi kunye nemali ekhoyo yokubanceda ekumiseleni amashishini amancinane.
Kulimo, amaqela abantu bangenza umanyano lwamashishini apho balawula kwaye barhweba ngeemveliso zolimo okanye imfuyo kunye ngoncedo/kwenzuzo lukarhulumente nolwamaziko enxalenye yawo anikwa inkxaso kurhulumente. Oku kusoloko kuhamba neenkqubo zokukhathalela umhlaba ezifana nokulawula ukhukhuliseko lomhlaba kunye nokuphucula ummandla. Kwimbuyekezo yomhlaba, uluntu olubangayo soloko lufuna inkxaso ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba owabiwe ngokutsha usetyenziswa ngokugcinakeleyo nangokunemveliso. Ubuchule babo bufuna ukuphuhliswa ngezifundo zokuqeqeshwa nokuhlanganiswa nabacebisi kunye nomahlulelane bamashishini. ICBNRM ingaluncedo/kwenzuzo lokuqala emva kokubuyekezwa komhlaba ukuzinzisa imigqathango yokugcina ubutyebi, ukulawula umhlaba, uyilo lokusebenzisa umhlaba nokuphuhlisa amaziko asekhaya asebenzayo.
ICBNRM ikwafanelekile kuphuliso lokhenketho noqoqosho lwasekhaya, apho uluntu oluninzi lungenele umzekelo amalinge ahlangeneyo okanye ezinye iintlobo zolwahlulelwano nabasebenzi bezokhenketho. Uluntu ludla ngokuqeshisa ngemvume eyabelwa lona ngurhulumente kumrhwebi oya kwenza urhwebo okanye lungene kuvumelwano lokwabelana ngengeniso nenkampani yabucala eya kuba nemfanelo yemvumelwano yecala loshishino ekubeni uluntu lukhathalela ubutyebi bendalo nokulawula umhlaba. Inkqubo yeCBNRM ikwafanele ukulawula ubutyebi bamanzi. Uluntu lungayinxalenye ye-Arhente yoLawulo lweNgingqi eqokelela amanzi emvula, lwenze imiButho yabaSebenzisi baManzi okanye bayile imiButho yokuLawula iNgingqi eqokelela amanzi emvula. Oku kufuna uncedo kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente ezifana neSebe lezeMicimbi yaManzi namaHlathi(DWAF) nooMasipala beziThili.
Kwinqanaba likarhulumente, ulawulo lobutyebi bendalo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo zoYilo loPhuhliso oluHlangeneyo (IDP), egunyaziswe nguMthetho weziXokelelwano zikaMasipala. Iziseko ezithathu zenkqubo ye-IDP kukunciphisa ubuhlwempu, ukuphuhlisa ugcino lukamasipala nokulawulwa okufanelekileyo kommandla. Oku kuhlangana kakuhle neenjongo zeCBNRM: ukunciphisa ubuhlwempu, ukuphuhliswa kwamaziko, ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi bendalo obugciniweyo. Iinjngo ze-IDP nezeCBNRM ziyadibana kakhulu. Inkangeleko yesibini yenkqubo ye-IDP ihlangana kakuhle neCBNRM, kukujongwa okungaguquguqukiyo novavanyo olwakhiwe kwii-IDP. Inkqubo yokufunda nokulungisa efunwa yinkqubo ye-IDP iyafana nenkqubo yolawulo lokulungisa exhaswa yiCBNRM. I-IDP ngoko yazisa amathuba okuzimisela kulawulo lobutyebi bendalo, kwinqanaba lasekhaya, kwiingingqi apho ubutyebi bendalo babungakhathalelwanga ngaphambili (imimandla engasezidolophini nasezilokishini, kwiindawo ezivulekileyo kwizixeko nakumhlaba webandla ophantsi kolawulo lukamasipala).
Yinyaniso ehlungisayo ukuba isondlo esilambathayo nezifo ezikhoyo jikelele ezifana neHIV/AIDS zinempembelelo kwimpilo yoluntu lonke loMzantsi Afrika. Iingxaki zempilo zinefuthe kwiingqiqo zonke zobomi boluntu kwaye amaphulo eCBNRM awazozinxaxhi. Nangona amanyathelo okuqala eCBNRM ephembelelwa ngokungalunganga zingxaki zempilo iCBRNM inakho ukunika inkxaso eyiyo kuluntu. Amaziko noomahlulelane abaphuhliswayo ukuxhasa imisebenzi yeCBNRM enganika isiseko sokulungisa imibandela yempilo. ICBNRM ingaphucula ukhuseleko lokutya neqondo lesondlo soluntu ngokulawula ubomi basendle nobutyebi beentlanzi ukuvelisa iiproteyini nokulawula ubutyebi bezityalo ezifana neziqhamo zasendle nezilinywayo nemifuno. Ukusetyenziswa ngobulumko kobutyebi bendalo nolawulo kunganceda uluntu ukuba lumelane noxinzelelo olwandayo olubekwa zizifo zempilo ezifana neHIV/AIDS ubutyebi bendalo, ingakumbi kumthi othile wokwenza iibhokisi zemingcwabo, izibaso zemithi ezisetyenziswa kwimingcwabo, izityalo zamayeza nokunyanga isibonakaliso sesifo. Ngokwezezimali inyathelo lokuqala leCBNRM inganceda uxinzelelo lwemali nolunye kwiintsapho. Ukuxhobisa amalungu oluntu ngamanyathelo okuqala eCBNRM yenye yeendlela esingalunceda ngayo lumelane neengxaki zempilo.
Kwimfundo, iCBNRM iluncedo lokuqala lwemfundo esisiseko yabadala. Abantu ababandakanyeka kwinyathelo leCBNRM bafuna uqeqesho ukuphucula izakhono zokubala nokwazi ukufunda nokubhala. Kodwa nakumgangatho wesikolo imibandela yeCBNRM ingaqukwa ngokwakhayo kakhulu kwikharityhulamu yezakhono zobomi, yemathematika, yebhayoloji neyenzululwazi. Oku kusebenza ngakumbi kwizikolo ezisemaphandleni apho abafundi banempumelelo enkulu yokuthabatha inxaxheba kukujongwa kweCBNRM nakwiinkqubo zophando. Izikolo zasemaphandleni nootitshala kwakhona ngoomahlulelane abangumzekelo ogqibeleleyo kwiCBNRM ngokunika iindawo zeentlanganiso nezokwabelana ngeengcinga nolwazi, ukunika amaziko akhoyo onxibelelwano, nokunikezela ngezakhono ezinqongopheleyo ezifana nokukwazi ukubala nezokukwazi ukufunda nokubhala ekunzima ukufumaneka kuluntu olukude.
ICBNRM inganika kwakho isiseko sababandakanyekayo abangaba nokwenzakala umzekelo abafazi namaphandle ahlwempuzekileyo ukuvakalisa iimbono zabo nokunokuphakamisa ukukhathazeka kwabo. Oku kungunobangela wokuthabatha inxaxheba kwiCBNRM, kodwa ngenxa yamalungu amaninzi eCBNRM kungumcimbi omkhulu wamalungu oluntu ukuhlwempuzeka nokuba nokwenzakala.
Ukuxhobisa abantu ukuba balawule ubutyebi babo.
Amasebe amaninzi oorhulumente anemigaqo eyaneleyo asebenza ngayo nolwalamano lwabantu, ubuhlwempu nobutyebi bendalo okanye ulawulo lobutyebi bendalo obusekelwe kuluntu (CBNRM). Kodwa kunjalo kukho unqongophalo lokungacaci kozalisekiso olubonakalayo lweenkqubo zeCBNRM phakathi kwabenzeli nemibutho ebandakanyeka kakhulu kwezi nkqubo. Kukho kwakho ukunqongophala kwentsebenziswano phakathi kwamaSebe kunye nabathabathi-nxaxheba abathile kumacandelo awohlukeneyo. Amagosa amaninzi akaqondi ukuba ingantoni iCBNRM okanye aneengcinga ezahlukileyo malunga nendlela ekufuneka izalisekiswe ngayo.
Ukongeza kulindelekile ukuba abantu kumacandelo amaninzi ohlukeneyo awaqondi ukuba umsebenzi abawenzayo yinxalenye yenkqubo yophuhliso ebanzi engena phantsi kwegama iCBNRM. Ezi zikhokelo zijolise ukucacisa ukubandakanyeka neendima zamagosa karhulumente nabanye kwiinkqubo zeCBNRM.
Kwingxelo yangaphambili enesihloko esithi 'Ukuhlaziya imithetho nemigaqo exhasa uhlobo lwenkqubo ezilawula ubutyebi bendalo obusekelwe kuluntu (CBNRM) eMzantsi Afrika'1 inakane ukuba kukho imigaqo eyaneleyo ekhoyo yokukhokela iCBNRM, kodwa yagqibela ngokuthi: "kuyimfuneko ukwenza uluhlu oluthile lwezikhokelo phakathi kwamasebe ukusebenzisana nabantu ababevinjwe amathuba ngokwembali abalawula ubutyebi ngokwamabandla kwaye abanolwazi lwemveli lokuba negalelo ekuyileni nakwiinkqubo zokulawula ubutyebi" (p. 28). Iziphene ekuzalisekisweni okubambekayo kweCBNRM kukhokelele kweli xwebhu lezikhokelo.
Kunika bonke ababandakanyekayo inxaxheba yokuqonda iinkqubo zeCBNRM, oko kukuthi.
Iindima neemfanelo zababandakanyekayo bonke kwiCBNRM.
Kwandisa amathuba eziphumo eziyimpumelelo kwinkqubo yeCBNRM.
Nangona kunjalo akukho siqinisekiso sokuba zonke iziphumo zamanyathelo eCBNRM alandela ezi zikhokelo aya kuba yimpumelelo. Eyona njongo ingundoqo kukuba ezi zikhokelo nophuculo kukuqondwa kweCBNRM, zingakhokelela kukubakho okukhulu kwempumelelo nokunciphisa isiganeko sentsilelo yamanyathelo.
Amava amaninzi sele efunyenwe kwiCBNRM, ngokwesizwe, ngokwesithili nangokudibene ngokwesithile seSADC nangamazwe ngamazwe kwiminyaka eli-10 edlulileyo kwaye okuninzi koku kusetyenzisiwe ukwenza ezi zikhokelo. Ulwazi olunzulu lweenkqubo zeCBNRM luqokelelwe ngabaphandi kunye nabanye kwaye nako oku kube negalelo. Akwenzekanga ukubandakanya lonke ulwazi olukhoyo. Ugxininiso ngoko kusekubeni 'sifuna ukwazi ntoni', kwaye 'kungani kufuneka sikwenzile', ukwenza iCBNRM isebenze ngcono.
Isiphumo esingundoqo zezi zikhokelo kukuphumelela intsebenziswano eninzi phakathi kwabantu basekhaya, norhulumente wasekhaya, wesithili, wamaphondo nowesizwe, abanikelo namacandelo abucala.
Ezi zikhokelo zijolise ukunika isikhokelo nenkxaso kuye wonke ubani obandakanyekayo ekuzalisekisweni kwamanyathelo okuqala eCBNRM noluhlu lwamacandelo abanzi abandakanyekayo okanye achukunyiswa luhlobo lwamaphulo eCBNRM.
Ugqaliselo olungundoqo ngokwale nguqulelo iya kuba ngaba babandakanyekayo 'umndilili' umzekelo uluntu, abaququzeleli namagosa okanye amagcisa nabenzi bemigaqo. Abanye abathabathi-nxaxheba njengabanikeli kunye necandelo labucala aya kulufumana olu xwebhu luluncedo. Injongo kukuchaza ngokucacileyo iindima neemfanelo zababandakanyekayo bonke.
Amacandelo ahlukeneyo ezikhokelo zinika abantu amacandelo ahlukeneyo ulwazi olungundoqo olufunekayo ukudlala iindima zabo ngokufanelekileyo. Icandelo lokuqala lithetha ngemiqathango jikelele nemiceli mngeni efanelekileyo kuye wonke umntu yokusebenzi kwiCBNRM. Icandelo lesibini imiqathango yokusebenza yamaqela amathathu abathabathi-nxaxheba: uluntu amagcisa nabenzi bemigaqo iyachongwa.
Izikhokelo kufuneka zinike isakhelo esinexabiso sokuyila nokuvavanya iinkqubo zeCBNRM. Ziya kuba luncedo kakhulu 'ekuqaliseni' isigaba sayo naliphi iphulo xa uyilo lokuqala luphuhliswa. Inyathelo lokuqala ngalinye linobubodwa kwindlela eliphuhliswa ngayo. Nangona kunjalo ukusebenzisa izikhokelo kwinqanaba lokuyila nokulandela inkqubo 'yolawulo yokulungisa' ulwazi apha kufuneka lubonise ukuba lufanelekile kubomi bonke bephulo/lweprojekthi.
Isikhokelo ngasinye sifaneleke kwimeko osebenza kuyo, ungabuza lo mbuzo: Sifanelekile ukusebenzisa le ngqiqo kwinkqubo yethu yozalisekiso?
Ukuba ukumanqanaba okuqala okuzalisekisa iphulo lakho lweCBNRM, ungasebenzisa ezi zikhokelo ngokubuza: Singayisebenzisa ngcono njani le ngqiqo kwinkqubo yethu ethile?
Kumanqanaba alandelayo izikhokelo singasetyenziselwa ukunceda ukujongwa nokuvavanya ngokuchonga iimeko ezinegalelo eluluncedo nezo zingeloncedo kwiziphumo zephulo. Apha kungafuneka ubuze: Zeziphi iingqiqo ezibangela iingxaki ezinkulu Singenza ntoni ukuphucula imeko?
Nangona ingelulo lonke ulwazi olungakhangeleka lufanelekile kwimeko yakho kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukufunda malunga neendima neemfanelo zabanye ababandakanyekayo osebenzisana nabo.
Imiqathango yimithetho esisiseko ekufuneka ilandelwe kuzalisekiso lweCBNRM. Yiyo ekhokela iingcinga zethu nezenzo. Eminye yimigathango jikelele eluncendo ekufuneka sonke siyiqaphele.
Abantu bayaqhubekeka ukusebenzisa uluhlu lwamathuba awahlukeneyo ukwenza impilo. Balima ukutya, bafuya imfuyo, bathengisa amaqanda, benza iimveliso zobugcisa, baqeshisa umsebenzi wabo, baqokelela izityalo zamayeza, bavuna ingca yokufulela kunye nokutya elwandle, banika iinkonzo zabo abakhenkethi kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi.
Umlinganiselo wobutyebi bendalo obukhoyo abuhlali kuphela bunjalo kodwa buyanda ngokulawulwa kwempahla. Kukho iimbaza ezininzi ezikhula kumawa, imbewu kunye namagatya ezityalo ezithandwayo ezikhula ehlathini nakumhlaba wemithi inani lezilwanyana liyanda.
Kukho imithetho yasekhaya kwaye iyazalisekiswa. Umbutho wokulawula wasekhaya usebenza kakuhle kwaye wenza iimfanelo ngokufanelekileyo. Usebenza kunye namalungu oluntu kunye noomahluleli bangaphandle ukuqinisekisa ukuba inyathelo lokuqala leCBNRM lunceda abantu kunye nobutyebi bendalo.
Abantu bavuzelwa imizamo yabo abayenzayo yokujonga ubutyebi bendalo. Bahlala kumlinganiselo ekuvunyelwene nawo wokuvuna kwabo, bafumana ixabiso lorhwebo elifanelekileyo ngeemveliso zabo baze benze imali ngokwandisela umsebenzi kwezinye iingingqi. Oonogada boluntu abalinda amahlathi, ingca okanye ichibi ukuthintela amabungela ekuthatheni izityalo okanye izilwanyana.
Imithetho iyaqatshelwa kwaye iyanyanzelwa, abantu banikwa ilungelo nemfanelo yokwenza izigqibo zabo malunga nokusebenzisa ubutyebi babo. Imilinganiselo yokuvuna imiselwa luluntu ngoncedo lweencutshe.
Uluntu lusebenza kunye neNGO yasekhaya eqonda kakuhle imeko yentlalo neyenkcubeko, kwaye banamava angawo wokulawula ubutyebi kwingingqi. Inkqubo yabo yokwabelana ngolwazi lwabo nokukhuthaza uluntu ukuba lube negalelo ngamava alo nengqiqo.
Abantu ekuhlaleni abanempembelelo kakhulu, iinkosi kunye namadoda amadala bazibophelele ngokunyanisekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba wonke ubani ufumana uncedo olulinganayo kangangoko. Basebenza nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu anamandla awayiveleli inkqubo. Wonke ubani uyazi ukuba ngoobani abantu abanempembelelo.
Ukuzalisekisa iCBNRM kusoloko kubandakanya ukuhlangabezana neqela lemiceli mngeni. Eminye yayo iqhelekile kuwo onke amanyathelo eCBNRM.
Lindela umlinganiselo omkhulu wokuguquguquka nomahluko kwimeko nganye.
Sukusebenzisa izikhokelo njengoyilo olusephepheni. Vuma ukufunisela nokuba negalelo ngokulungisa. Kodwa kuphephe ungangqinelani nokubhida abanye.
Lindela iingxabano zasekhaya. ICBNRM ngamanye amaxesha ijongeka njengovukelo, ngoko sukothuswa yingxabano. Kodwa zama ukuqikelela ngokujonga okufanelekileyo uze uzame ukuyithintela. Sukuzihlupha ukuba yenzekile. Oku kuqhelekile. Imimangaliso nezothuso yinxalenye yomdlalo.
Hamba kunye namagunya asekhaya. ICBNRM yinkqubo ecacileyo yokuxhasa abantu bonke. Iya koyikiswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngabanye. Ngamanye amaxesha oku akunakuphetshwa kodwa zama ukukuphepha kangangoko.
Kuya kuba kho ukubuyis'umva okungenakunqandwa kumaxesha ohlukeneyo kulo naliphi inyathelo. Lo mceli mngeni kukugcina inkuthazo yabo bonke abathabathi-nxaxheba ngala maxesha anzima.
Qaphela 'amandla angakhiyo'. Xa ngamanye amaxesha izinto zihamba kakubi nenxalenye ethile yenyathelo kukho ingozi yokokuba yonke imizamo namandla ezijoliswe kwiphulo ekuzameni ukusombulula ingxaki zidla ngokukhokelela ekungahoyini ezinye iingqiqo ezakhayo kwaye eziyimpumelelo zephulo.
Ngendalo abantu 'balumkile' kwaye kukho, uxhathiso nakweziphi iingcinga ezintsha, nangona kunjalo zingabonakala kwabo bazicingayo. Ungothuki ukuba kuthetha ixesha elide ukuba kwamkelwe iingcinga ezintsha okanye zingamkelwa nanini.
Zilungiselele ukuthatha ukugxekwa nezityholo ezingafanelekanga. Abantu ekuhlaleni ababandakanyeka kwiphulo leCBNRM baqhele ukuba phantsi kwamagqabantshintshi angenabulungisa nesigxeko ezivela kwabo bangekhoyo kwiphulo. Ezo zigxeko zingenza ukuba ungakhuthazeki kwaye ixesha elinzi kunye namandla zingamoshakala kuzanywa ukuchasaniswa nako.
Vumela ukwahlukana kwempiliso. Abantu basemaphandleni kufuneka benze impilo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye uninzi lwamakhaya asemaphandleni aysebenzisana.
Khumbula ukuba abantu babuxabisa ubutyebi bendalo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Abanye bakhathalele ixabiso loqoqosho ize abanye ixabiso lezenkcubeko baze abanye baxabise ulondolozo. Sukuthelekelela ukuba bonke abantu basekhaya soloko benobuchule nengqiqo kwintsingiselo yentsebenziswano. Kwakho sukubalindela, basoloko besabelana ngamaxabiso angeyomali njengoko abayili bolondolozo bebubeka kudidi lwezityalo okanye izinto eziphilayo neendawo eziphila kuyo.
Khuthaza abantu abanezakhono ezahlukeneyo babe negalelo. Imanyanisa iintlobo ezininzi zolwazi kangangoko. Qinisekisa ukuba imibutho yasekuhlaleni imelwe ngawo onke amaqela ekuhlaleni. Abafazi ngabasebenzisi ababalulekileyo bobutyebi bendalo, kwaye banolwazi oluninzi nezakhono abanokuzinikezela. Qinisekisa ukuba banendawo.
Phucula ulwazi lwemveli uze ukhuthaze ukwahlukana kwenkcubeko. Ukwahlukana kwenkcubeko kuhlangana ngqo nokwahlukana kwezixokelelwano zemveliso, ukwenza izigqibo nokuphuhlisa amaziko kwaye kufuneka buphuhliswe. Gcina ukuhlangana phakathi kwamalungu asemaphandleni nawasedolophini. Oko kuhlangana kubalulekile ngokoqoqosho nangokwentlalo.
Ukwazisa ubuchule bolawulo ngenxa yokulungelwa kuphela obunciphisa ukuntsonkotha ngabom.
Qinisekisa ukuba ubutyebi bendalo bunexabiso lorhwebo olunokuguqulelwa kwimali okanye olunye uncedo/inzuzo olubambekayo kwaye abantu bayalwazi kwaye beluqonda eli xabiso.
Gcina kwaye ukhusele ubutyebi bendalo. Xa buthe ababikho akukho CBNRM. Beka imithetho elawula ukuba ngubani onokuvuna ubutyebi obuthile kwaye phi. Qinisekisa ukuba kukho izohlwayo kwabo bophula imithetho. Xhobisa ngemimiselo yokuziphatha exhaswa nguye wonke ubani.
Phuhlisa uyilo lolawulo lobutyebi olululo. Dibanisa ingqiqo nolwazi lwabantu lobutyebi oluvela kubo bonke abathabathi-nxaxheba uze wenze uyilo olucacileyo olusebenzayo.
Yongamela ukusetyenziswa nemeko yobutyebi. Abasebenzisi bobutyebi ngokwabo kunye nabanye ekuhlaleni kufuneka bazibandakanye ekumiselweni kobuchule bokongamela nokwenziwa kokongamela.
Landela inkqubo yolawulo yolungiso. Beka iinjongo, yongamela imeko yobutyebi kwaye ugqibe kwizenzo xa kukho iimpawu zezilumkiso.
Zalisa inxalenye efanelekileyo yayo nayiphi enye ingeniso kulawulo lobutyebi bendalo.
Phuhlisa ubuchule bolawulo lobutyebi bendalo. Qeqesha kwaye ucebise abantu abafanelekileyo ukuze babe nakho ukuthatha imfanelo yokulawula ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi bendalo.
Ukuthelekelela ukuba uncedo/kwenzuzo lobutyebi bendalo buya kukhokelela ngokuzenzekelayo kulawulo olusebenzayo nokongamela ngabantu basekhaya.
Ukukholelwa ukuba iCBNRM yindlela 'elula' yokunyanzelisa umthetho.
Ukusebenzisa umqathango wokulumkela ('khuseleka kunokuzisola') njengesizathu sokungenzi nto.
Qinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani unengqiqo yokokuba yeyiphi indima ekufuneka beyidlalile kwinyathelo kunye neemfanelo zabo. Bamba iintlanganiso njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani uyayazi indlela ekufuneka enegalelo ngayo kwinyathelo kwaye wenza oko kuvunyelwene kuko. Yenza umgaqo-siseko kwangaphambili.
Yakha imibutho yasekuhlaleni. Qiniseka ukuba unentsingiselo eyomeleleyo yobunini basekhaya, iqela lolawulo lasekhaya kufuneka lenze ulawulo nezigqibo. Eli qela liya kufuna inkxaso efanelekileyo noqeqesho olufanelekileyo lokwenza le misebenzi. Liya kufuna ukukhuthazwa njalo nokuxhaswa. Kwezinye iimeko apho kukho ingxaki emandundu alinakuphinda lonyulwe. Sebenzisa kangangoko imibutho ekhoyo kunokuyila emitsha. Kodwa yenza izigqibo ezinemfundiso malunga noku kwaye ungafaki engozini iinjongo zeCBNRM ukuba imibutho emitsha iyafuneka.
Qinisekisa ukuba ukumelwa kusemthethweni, kwaye abazonyulanga. Umabeli kufuneka acebisane kwaye anike ingxelo kwiqela alimeleyo kwaye kufuneka banikwe ixesha lokwenza oku.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho inkokheli 'ummeli' kunye neqela elisebenzayo lomsebenzi ngamnye omkhulu okanye imfanelo. Ukukhulisa abameli abatsha nabaququzeleli kuze kujongwe kubukho bazo.
Hlasela ukungalingani kuluntu. Zama ukufezekisa izidingo zabo nokhuselo lwexesha elide lwabahlwempuzeke kakhulu. Zinzisa imithetho ukuqinisekisa ukuthatha inxaxheba kukawonke-wonke. Qinisekisa ukuba amazwi wabahlwempuzekileyo nabangenalizwi ingakumbi abafazi abangamahlwempu ayaviwa.
Jolisa ukunikezela okanye lonke igunya kubasebenzisi bobutyebi xa ubona ukuba banoqeqesho olufunekayo nezakhono. Kodwa qinisekisa ukuba akukho mthabathi-nxaxheba wasekhaya oshiywe ngaphandle.
Misa iimeko ezifunwa ngabathabathi-nxaxheba zokuhlangana phambi kokufumana amalungelo kumhlaba nobutyebi. Ukuquka nezi kuyilo lolawulo okanye umgaqo-siseko. Fumana igcisa ngaphandle nenkxaso yomthetho ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Nika abantu ukhuseleko lwexesha elide namalungelo kumhlaba nobutyebi. Abantu bafuna ukwazi apho beme khona kwaye yintoni esecicini phambi kokuba babe nokuzalisa ixesha nemali ekulawuleni ubutyebi babo.
Qinisekisa ukuba abantu bayawaqonda amanye amaziko asebenza kumanqanaba awohlukeneyo. Abantu kufuneka bayazi imigaqo karhulumente neemvumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe ezinokubanceda okanye ezinokuphembelela imisebenzi yabo. Kufuneka baqonde indlela igalelo labo elihambisana ngayo nentshukumo yeCBNRM ebanzi elizweni, e-Afrika nakwihalabathi lonke.
Khangela ulungelelwaniso kwindima nempembelelo yeenkosi. Uluntu kufuneka lugqibe ukuba iinkosi kufuneka zimelwe okanye zingamelwa.
Chaza amalungelo empahla yasekhaya ngokucacileyo. Cacisa ngubani onelungelo kobuphi ubutyebi neengingqi kwaye ngawaphi loo malungelo neemfanelo.
Dibanisa amaziko asekhaya nawemveli nezixokelelwano zolwazi lwasekhaya kwinkqubo yonke. Ulwazi olungekho sikweni kufuneka njengolwazi olusesikweni lukhangelwe phambi kokuba lwamkelwe ngokupheleleyo. Zama ukuqonda iiyantlukwano kwizixokelelwano zenkolelo nolwazi phakathi kwabathabathi-nxaxheba abahlukeneyo.
Qonda ukuba ukuphuhlisa amaziko anobuchule yinkqubo ecothayo kwaye edinisayo ngokuhamba kwexesha kude kube yiminyaka elishumi. Inkqubo enjalo ifuna inkxaso yexesha elide nezingileyo. ICBNRM isoloko ibandakanya iinguquko ezinkulu zopolitiko nezenkcubeko; oku kuthatha ixesha.
Amagosa asekhaya kufuneka azinzise amaqela asebenzayo eCBNRM, amelwe ngamacandelo awohlukeneyo ukuquka necandelo elingekho sikweni abe nemfanelo yokuyila nozalisekiso lokokuqala lohlobo lwephulo lweCBNRM kwinqanaba likamasipala.
Ukuzinzisa iqela lenkxaso leCBNRM lesizwe. Eli qela kufuneka libe nemfanelo yokumela iCBNRM kwiinkqubo zesizwe ezisebenza ngomthetho wommandla/wemvelo nomgaqo nokunika inkxaso yobugcisa kwistafu samaphondo nawangaphandle.
Ukumanyanisa izifundo zoqeqesho lweCBNRM oluthile kwiinkqubo zoqeqesho lwamagosa esebe nawasekhaya.
Ukuthelekelela ngaphezulu ubuchule bemibutho esekelwe kuluntu ukuzalisekisa imisebenzi yolawulo.
Uthelekelela ngaphantsi indima engundoqo yeenkokheli zasekhaya nokumelwa.
Ukuthelekelela ngaphantsi imfuneko enkulu yophuhliso oluzingileyo lwemibutho.
Cacelwa malunga nokulindelwe nokufunwa kwinyathelo. Zinzisa umbono ocacileyo kokulindelwe ngabantu, kodwa nyaniseka malunga noncedo/kwenzuzo olunokuvela.
Nyaniseka malunga noncedo/kwenzuzo olunokuvela kwelinye inyathelo, yenza izifundo ezinokwamkelwa kukubakho kweshishini lorhwebo elisekelwe kubutyebi bendalo.
Yila iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoncedo/kwenzuzo, umzekelo ezexesha elifutshane nezexesha elide, ezibambekayo nezingabambekiyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba uncedo/kwenzuzo oluya kubantu basekhaya luthelekiswa ngokwamkelekileyo nexabiso kubantu basekhaya bolondolozo nokulawula ubutyebi bendalo. Qinisekisa ukuba kunexabiso kubo ukuzinikezela kumhlaba kwixesha nakwiCBNRM kunezinye iinjongo.
Yakha izakhono zokulawula, zokulawula imali nezeshishini.
Qonda ukuba uncedo/kwenzuzo oluvela kwiCBNRM alusayi kusombulula zonke iingxaki kuluntu.
Qinisekisa ukuba kukho uncedo/kwenzuzo lwexesha elifutshane ukuvala isikhewu phambi kokuba kuqalise ukuvela uncedo/kwenzuzo olukhulu. Kumaphulo eCBNRM umsebenzi omninzi soloko ufunwa phambi kokuba uncedo olulo lunokufunyanwa. Thetha-thethana nee-arhente zemali 'iindleko zemihla ngemihla' ukwanelisa izigaba zokuqala zephulo.
Abo benza umnikelo omkhulu okanye igalelo labo linokuba noncedo/kwenzuzo kunabanye.
Qinisekisa abantu ngoncedo/kwenzuzo olungabandakanyi mali olufana nenkxaso nokhuselo lwasemthethweni lwendawo kwizoyikiso zangaphandle; inkxaso yobugcisa, yemali nopolitiko yokulawula kwabantu basekhaya imisebenzi yabo; ukugcina ukukhula kobuchule boluntu lwasekhaya, ukubanceda ukuba balawule iingingqi zabo nobutyebi ngokufanelekileyo, ukuqhubela phambili iinkonzo, ukufikelela kwimboleko-mali uncedo kuthetha-thethana kwizigqibo zorhwebo necandelo labucala.
Ukuqalisa iCBNRM apho urhwebo lobutyebi lokungenisa imali lungagcinakala.
Ukuthembela kwinkxaso yabanikeli yexesha elide ukulungelelanisa iincwadi.
Ukucinga ngeCBNRM xa kucacile ukuba iingcinga nokwenza komenzeli karhulumente akayixhasi imiqathango yeCBNRM.
Ukuthelekelela ukuba abantu basekhaya ngalo lonke ixesha babelana ngamaxabiso angeyomali abayili bolondolozo abalubeka kwizityalo okanye kwizinto eziphilayo neendawo eziphila kuzo.
Ukuqalisa ungenelelo ngengqiqo yexesha elifutshane.
Qinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yomgaqo iqukene, ilungisiwe kwaye inobumvoco. Ukubandakanya uluntu kwinqanaba lokuqala kukuveliswa komgaqo. Kufuneka kube nokwenzeka ukuba imigaqo ilungiswe kwaye ihlaziywe ngokwamava.
Amaxwebhu omgaqo kufuneka kube lula ukuwaqonda kwaye kube lula kakhulu ukuwafumana. Gcina iimpawu ezingundoqo zilula.
Yila imigaqo ebanzi neyenza isakhelo yesizwe neyephondo, ezinokunika isiseko kulwakhiwo lwemithetho yasekhaya.
Abela abaphantsi ukuzalisekisa kwinqanaba elisezantsi likarhulumente apho kukho ubuchule: amagosa akwinqanaba lasekhaya kufuneka aqeqeshwe ukuze anike uncedo kulungiselelo lokuceba iphulo luluntu.
ISebe ngalinye kufuneka longamele ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho, imigaqo neemvumelwano zasekhaya. Kufuneka bongamele umsebenzi wamagosa amasebe.
Imigaqo kufuneka ibe namandla. Izigwebo nolunye untswinyo kufuneka lufumane ubungqongqo obuqhubela phambili xa imithetho yophulwayo. Vumela amagosa kumndilili ukuba basebenzise ubulumko babo xa kusetyenziswa umthetho. Imeko nganye yahlukile.
Yenza iimeko zicace kubantu basekhaya phambi kokuba igunya lobutyebi bendalo bube nokugunyaziswa. Ezi ziquka: ukuba negunya lolawulo elikhethiweyo, ukuzinzisa ubukho basemthethweni njengeTrust, Common Property Associate okanye inkampani iCandelo 21; ukubonisa umgangatho omncinane wobuchule bokulawula; ukuba nesixokelelwano sokongamela. Ukwenza amalungiselelo enkxaso yobugcisa yangaphandle ukunceda uluntu ukuba luzinzise oku.
Ukuzinzisa imali yoqeqesho lweCBNRM ukuphuhlisa izakhono zabasebenzisi basekhaya ngokungaguquguqukiyo ukulawula ubutyebi babo kunye nabanye abathabathi-nxaxheba ukuquka amagunya kamasipala ukuhlala kuyinxalenye yenkqubo.
Susa izithintelo phakathi kwabenzeli okanye yenza ibhlorho yokoyisa izithintelo. Umenzeli ngamnye kufuneka achaze indima yalo kukusetyenziswa komhlaba ohlangeneyo. Abenzeli kufuneka bazinzise izibhengezo zeCBNRM kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo nokunika ngokufanelekileyo uqeqesho nemali kwezi. Iqela lokusebenza lweCBNRM lomenzeli odibeneyo kufuneka lizinziswe kwimigangatho yesizwe neyephondo.
Phembelela inkxaso yeCBNRM kulawulo oluphakamileyo nakwinqanaba lezopolitiko kurhulumente nakwicandelo labucala. Luyimfuneko kukulawula ngobuchule uxhathiso ngamanye amagosa kwimbono nakwiinjongo zomgaqo zeCBNRM. Ngaphandle kwenkxaso evela phezulu izithintelo ezinkulu kwinguquko kunzima kakhulu ukuzoyisa.
Fumana ulwazi olufanelekileyo phambi kokuba utyikitye iimvumelwano ezisesikweni. Ukwamkela kweemvumelwano zokwabelana koncedo/kwenzuzo/kwenzuzo kuqoqosho nezinto eziphilayo neendawo eziphila kuyo, ulawulo oluhlangeneyo nokugqithisela umhlaba nezinye iziphiwo kufuneka zibe ngaphaya kokuthandabuza.
Ukuchonga imigaqo enokwenza uluntu lube nakho ukwandisa koncedo lwemali kwiCBNRM. Qinisekisa ukuthotyelwa koku.
Nika izikhokelo zoshishino ukufikelela kwiimveliso zezityalo nezilwanyana ezininzi ezibanzi ezisemhlabeni , kulwahlulelwano noluntu lwasekhaya. Sebenza kunye namaqela akhoyo ukuqhubela phambili uphuhliso lorhwebo olusekelwe kuluntu.
Ukugqalisela kakhulu kwinyathelo elinobulumko loyilo olunobuchule kunye nolawulo lophulo. Inkqubo ngokuqukanisa iyafuneka, equlethe amalungu anamandla kakhulu.
Ukuzama ukufana: izikhokelo kufuneka zifumane ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokunika isithuba sobumvoco nokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukuvana, imithetho eqhelekileyo, isigama esiqhelekileyo.
Ukubona amaphulo ngokokwayo njengesiphelo kuwo, yibone njengamalungu enkqubo yeCBNRM enxulumeneyo kwaye ezingileyo kumanqanaba esithili, ephondo nakwawesizwe.
Qinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu, ukuqhubela phambili 'kokubamba okulula''kulula ukuba kubekho. Oku akufuneki ukuba kube kumanqanaba okuqala amanyathelo kuphela kodwa abekho kwixesha elide. Ukuqhubela phambili kungenzeka kukuzimisela 'komahlulelane' kwisimo seNGO, umcebisi okanye isebe likarhulumente.
Ukuphuhlisa imbono yasekhaya yexesha elizayo. Vumelana kwinkqubo, exhaswa ngabathabathi-nxaxheba bonke ukusebenzela malunga nale mbono.
Hlala ubambelele kwinkqubo, kwaye ulingise isimbo yandisa uncedo lwabo njengoko amanyathelo eguquka.
Yiba nenkathalo ngabantu abangakwaziyo ukufunda nokubhala njengenxalenye yenkqubo. Oku kungaphunyezwa ngendlela ezingafuni kufunda nakubhala ezifana nokuThabatha iNxaxheba ekuFundeni noKwenza okanye UkuXabisa ukuThatha iNxaxheba yamaPhandle.
Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezibonwayo ezininzi kangako. Iimephu, iividiyo, iifoto, utyelelo lwangaphandle luluncedo/kwenzuzo kubo bonke abathabathi-nxaxheba ayiloncedo/kwenzuzo kubantu abangafundanga kuphela.
Nika ingqwalaselo kwiiyantlukano zolwimi nenkcubeko phakathi kwabathabathi-nxaxheba. Abathabathi-nxaxheba abahlukeneyo kufuneka bazive bekhululekile ekuzivakaliseni ngamaqhalo abo, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi oku kuya kufuna uguqulelo.
Yiphephe 'imiyalezo' enokubonisa ukuba abanye abantu okanye amanye amaqela angaphezulu kunamanye. Oku kuquka igama lenyathelo, izikhundla ezinikwe iingqwayingqwayi ezahlukeneyo nezijekulo zemiqondiso ezifana nendawo yokuhlala, amalungiselelo okutya nokuhlala, impahla enxitywayo, ulwimi lomzimba nokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi.
Khuthaza abaququzeleli babe ngabahambi phakathi kwaye babe ngabaqeqeshi.
Nika abantu basekhaya ithuba lokuqhubela phambili iinkqubo zasekhaya ezifana neentlanganiso zamaqumrhwana anamalungu alikhulu namaqela asebenzayo.
Gcina uthungelwano nabaququzeleli abasebenza kwezinye iindawo. Iingxaki ezifanayo zidla ngokufunyanwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Qonda ukuba ukuchaza nje ukuthabatha inxaxheba kuya kunyusa ukulindelwa. Oku akunakuphetshwa kufuneka kulawulwe kwasekuqaleni. Izifundo zoqeqeshpo soloko zinyusa ukulindelwa kokufumana imisebenzi.
Zilungiselele ukuhlala ixesha elide.
Ukudibanisa 'uluntu' oku kungaguquguquki kungakhokelela kwingxabano.
Ukugqithisa abaququzeleli abanezakhono kwangethuba beqalisa ukuvelisa iziphumo.
Ukuphelisa ubunkokeli basekhaya ngobuchule obunamandla.
Lindela ukuba ngenxa yokugqithiswa kwalo naliphi igunya kuya kubakho ingozi yokuvela kweqela labantu abakhethiweyo abaya kusebenzisa eli gunya ukuzifumanela eyabo inzuzo. Oku kwenzeka phakathi kwabacebisi bakarhulumente okanye kumgangatho woluntu okanye kwikomiti elawulayo yemibutho esekelwe kuluntu.
Yakha indlela yokulwa ukuxhakamfulwa kwegunya ekwimigaqo-siseko yamaqela alawulayo awohlukeneyo.
Chonga iinkokeli ezahlukeneyo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Oku kusasaza indima yobunkokeli kwaye kulungelelanisa igunya.
Qinisekisa ukuba abameli boluntu basemthethweni kwaye abazonyulanga. Yakha kumgaqo-siseko weqela elilawulayo ukuba abameli kufuneka bacebise namaqela abawameleyo. Abameli kufuneka banikwe ixesha lokwenza oko.
Phucula uluhlu olubanzi lwabameli. Imibutho yasekuhlaleni kufuneka imele ukwahlukana kwabantu basekhaya namaqela ngokwaneleyo kwaye oku kufuna kuthathelwe ingqalelo yeeyantlukwano kuluntu oluthile neeyantlukwano phakathi kwabo.
Sebenza ngongquzulwano lwemidla kwaye sebenza ngezidingo neemfuno kuluntu. Qinisekisa ukuba abathabathi-nxaxheba bayazazi ii-ajenda zabo neenjongo.
Nika abantu basekhaya amalungelo asemthethweni awomeleleyo kubutyebi ukuze babe nokusebenzisa umthetho ukukhusela ubutyebi babo kubangeneleli.
Lumkela ukunganyaniseki kwabasebenzi beshishini. Ukulwa phakathi koluntu nangaphandle kuboniswe njengesoyikiso esimandundu ukusebenzisa ulawulo lobutyebi kumgangatho. Aba bantu badla ngokuba namandla kwaye bangayihoyi imithetho yasekhaya kwaye bajongele phantsi impembelelo yamaziko asekhaya.
Qokelela ulwazi lwembali olunzulu, ukuqonda usunduzwano lwegunya lwamandulo nolwangoku neembali zepolitiki nezenkcubeko.
Ukulindela 'ukucingela kakhulu abanye' nonamathelwano kuluntu lwasemaphandleni kunalo naliphi iqela.
Ukubonisa ukuthatha icala kukruthakruthwano ngegunya, imbumba ingaguqula ngemini.
Ukuhambela phezulu ngenxa yolonwabo kwinqanaba lokuqala lwembumba yamanyama nolwentembeko ekugqibeleni.
Jolisa ekwabelaneni ngolawulo nemfanelo. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kukwenziwa kwezigqibo nokunikelwa kwegunya komnye umntu (ziziseko zeCBNRM) kuthetha ukuba 'yiyeke ihambe' nokunikezela ngegunya. Oku kudla ngokukhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingaqikelelwanga okanye ebekujoliswe kuzo. Ezi zibi ngakumbi kuneenjongo zokuqala, kodwa zingazisa umceli mngeni kwezo bezisetyenziswa ukulawula iimeko.
Vavanya kwaye wongamele lonke ixesha. Ukuvavanya kufuneka kubonwe njengenxalenye ehlangeneyo nenkqubo yonke. Isifundo esinokwenzeka esifanelekileyo kufuneka senziwe phambi kokuba kundululwe naliphi inyathelo kwaye iinkqubo zovavanyo ezicacileyo kufuneka luqukwe kuyilo lwenyathelo naliphi leCBNRM. Inkqubo kufuneka 'kuthatyathwe inxaxheba kuyo' (ukubandakanya wonke umntu), kwaye 'ichaze' (ichaze iinguquko kwinkqubo).
Nxibelelana phandle, ngokucacileyo kwaye njalo, kwaye kugcine oku kwinkqubo yonke. Iindlela zonxibelelwano ezisesikweni kufuneka zizinziswe kangangoko kwaye kufuneka kukho indawo yoqhagamshelwano olungekho sikweni olongeziweyo.
Zilungiselele ube nobumvoco kwaye uzilungiselele kwiimeko eziguqukayo. Zilungiselele iziganeko ezingalindelekanga nezothuko onokuba nolawulo lwazo oluncinane.
Yiba nobuchule kwaye uzibophelele lonke ixesha. Oku kungandiselwa kuzo zonke iingqiqo ukuquka ukuziwa ngokupheleleyo kwiintlanganiso nokuthotyelwa kwemimiselo evunyiweyo, ukungeniswa kwengxelo, ulungiselelo olufunekayo lwenkxaso efunekayo kwaye evunyiweyo nokuvavanya iindima zabantu neemfanelo.
Thathela ingqalelo i-ajenda yakho. ICBNRM imalunga nabantu nobutyebi bendalo. Bonke abantu banamandla nobuthathaka, amathemba, iminqweno, izidingo neemfuno. Ukudibanisa abantu abahlukeneyo ukuba basebenze kunye kwinjongo kucela umngeni kakhulu kwaye zange kube lula. Onke amanyathelo ingakumbi ukubandakanya imali kunye namathuba okuvelisa imivuzo kuhenda abantu ukuba baphucule imidla yabo. ICBNRM akufuneki ibe yindlela yokuphucula iminqweno yako okanye yezopolitiko yomnye nomnye okanye amaqela nakweliphi icandelo.
Yiba nomonde kakhulu kunokuqhelekileyo. Lindela ukuthabatha inxaxheba kulawulo lobutyebi bendalo lube yinkqubo ecothayo kwaye eyandayo. Ii-Arhente zabanikeli norhulumente kufuneka ziqonde ukuba inkqubo yokuchaza nokubhalisa imibutho esekelwe kuluntu nokuphuhlisa ubuchule bamaziko yinkqubo ecothayo kwaye edinisayo kwingqiqo yexesha lokuya kumashumi eminyaka, ifuna ukuzibophelela kwexesha elide nenkxaso ezingileyo.
Hlonela isixokelelwano senkolelo yasekhaya. Thathela ingqalelo imbali, inkolo, iiyantlukwano kumasiko nezithethe kwaye suku;lindela ukuba abantu basekhaya soloko benobuchule kwaye 'benengqiqo' yentsingiselo yasentshona. Qonda imimiselo yasekhaya kwaye ube novakalelo lwezakhiwo zikarhulumente wemveli apho oko kufanelekileyo. Hlonipha izixokelelwano zolawulo lwemveli kodwa qinisekisa ukuba zinyanisekile.
Yakha intembeko kwaye sebenza ngamandla ekuyigcineni.
Khulisa iingqwayingqwayi, iinkokeli, abaququzeli, abagcini beenkqubo, bamaziko, benkumbulo nolwazi olubandakanywa kwiCBNRM. Sasaza imfanelo uze ugcine indawo yeenkokeli ezivelayo nezizayo ukwenza uphawu.
Gcina kwaye ukhusele ubutyebi. Xa buthe bemka akukho CBNRM. Yandisa imimiselo yokuziphatha, uyilo lolawulo eluxhaswa ngumntu wonke. Sebenza noomahlulelane ukuvelisa uyilo lolawulo olululo lobutyebi. Dibanisa ingqiqo yabantu nolwazi lobutyebi nolwazi loomahlulelane ukwenza uyilo olusebenzayo. Quka kuyilo imithetho evunyiweyo malunga nokusebenzisa ubutyebi. Quka kwakho indlela yokongamela ukusetyenziswa neemeko zobutyebi. Kufuneka ubandakanye zonke iingqiqo zophuhliso nokuzalisekiswa koyilo kukonganyelwa.
Sebenza nabantu abaninzi kangangoko. Kubalulekile ukuba onke amazwi avakale kwaye ahlonitshwe kuwo onke amanqanaba. Ingakumbi kumaqela anganyanzelisi kakhulu kwaye abanye nabanye kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba banikezele ngeengcinga zabo. Lumka malunga namaqela anamandla nabanye nabanye abazama ukusebenzisela inyathelo iinjongo zabo. Kubaluleke ngakumbi ukufumanisa ukuba ngubani obandakanyeka kakhulu kubutyebi bendalo. Igalelo laba liya kubaluleka kwaye imidla yabo kufuneka imelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Sebenzisa umbutho owomeleleyo kwaye omelwe ngokufanelekileyo njengekomiti ukumela abantu basekhaya. Ukuba iziko elinamandla njengeDevelopment Trust, esele libonisile ukuba lenza umsebenzi omhle, esele likho lisebenzise. Ukuba akunjalo khetha elineyaniso, elithembekileyo, elikhutheleyo kwaye elizibophelela ebantwini kumacandelo awohlukeneyo kuluntu akhokele inkqubo egameni loluntu.
Cacelwa malunga nokulindelweyo nokufunwayo kwinyathelo. Zinzisa imbono ecacileyo yokulindelweyo kodwa nyaniseka ngoncedo/kwenzuzo olunokuvela. Qinisekisa ukuba bonke abanye oomahlulelane bangaphandle bayaqonda kwaye bayahambisana nembono. Lumkela ukuba ingcinga yakho ingahoywa okanye ingananzwa ngabanye oomahlulelane.
Qonda ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoncedo/kwenzuzo, kwaye ezinye zezexesha elifutshane ize ezinye ibe zezexesha elide. Abantu abaninzi baya kuba nomdla kuncedo/kwinzuzo lwemali kwangoko. Olunye uncedo/inzuzo ekunzima ukulubona luquka ukuhlala kakuhle kummandla, ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ngokwenza nangemfundo intsebenziswano kuluntu nabanye nokuphucula amathuba empiliso. Uncedo/inzuzo lwenkxaso evela kurhulumente, kumnikeli okanye iNGO iquka: ukhuseleko lwexesha elide namalungelo kubutyebi nomhlaba, ukhuseleko kwizoyikiso zabangeneleli, ukufikelela kwimboleko-mali, uncedo nothetha-thethwano necandelo labucala. Thetha-thethana ngezi kwaye uqiniseke ukuba zicaciswe ngokucacileyo kumntu wonke kuselithuba kwiphulo.
Qonda ukuba uncedo/kwenzuzo oluvela kwiCBNRM alusayi kusombulula zonke iingxaki. ICBNRM inganika kuphela amathuba ambalwa okunceda ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantu. Kufuneka ibonwe njengesongezo kwezinye iindlela apho amalungu oluntu enza impilo yawo. Abantu kufuneka bakhuthazwe baqhubekeke nemisebenzi yabo eyahlukeneyo kwaye bangathembeli ngokupheleleyo kuncedo/kwinzuzo oluvela kwiCBNRM.
Aba benza umnikelo omkhulu okanye igalelo kufuneka befumene uncedo/inzuzo ngaphezulu kunabanye. Abo balahlekelwa kakhulu ngenxa yeenguquko zeCBNRM nendlela abasebenzisa ngayo ubutyebi kufuneka baxhaswe baphuhlise eminye imisebenzi evelisa umvuzo. Kufuneka bafumane imbuyekezo mhlawumbi ngokuqeshwa kwiphulo. Ukuba lonke uluntu luyabandakanyeka kufuneka lonke uluntu lufumane uncedo/inzuzo. Abanye abantu baya kufumana uncedo/inzuzo ngaphezulu kunabanye ngezinye iindlela abaqeshwe ngazo. Amalungu oluntu anegalelo kakhulu kwinkqubo kufuneka alindele uncedo/inzuzo olungaphezulu kunabanye. Oku kufuneka kuxoxwe kwasekuqaleni kuba kungenza ingxabano ukuba kushiywe nje.
Lindela ukuxhalaba nokuvela kongquzulwano. Kulo naliphi iqela labantu ingakumbi xa kukho imali okanye ulawulo lusendaweni yendlela abantu abangalusebenzisa ngabo ubutyebi ingxabano zilungiselele ukusebenza ngoku phambi kokuba zibe mbi ngakumbi. Inceda unxibelelwano oluphandle nolulungileyo, kwaye vumela amazwi abantu ukuvakalisa izikhalo nokukhathazeka kwabo. Oku kufuneka kuxoxwe phandle kwaye kuphendulwe ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani ukuba uyayiqonda indima ekufuneka eyidlalile kwinyathelo kunye neemfanelo. Bamba iintlanganiso ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke ubani uyayazi indlela ekufuneka enegalelo ngayo kwinyathelo kwaye wenza oko bekuvunyelwene ngako. Yenza umgaqo-siseko ngokuphathelele kwiindima ezahlukeneyo kwangoko.
Gcina uqhagamshelwano kuluntu nangaphandle. Kufuneka kukho unxibelelwano olufanelekileyo phakathi kwabantu ababandakanyekayo lonke ixesha. Ukongeza kwiintlanganiso ezisesikweni abameli boluntu abaphambili kufuneka babonakale kwamanye amalungu oluntu noomahlulelane. Oku kuya kunceda ukusebenza ngeengxaki okanye izinto ezintsha ezinokwenzeka.
Qonda ukuba kuya kuthatha ixesha ukuvela koncedo/kwenzuzo olukhulu. Kumaphulo eCBNRM umsebenzi omninzi uyafuneka phambi kokuvuna inzuzo. Indima ebalulekileyo yabameli boluntu igcina uluntu lukhuthazekile kwaye luzibandakanya nakubeni kungekho nzuzo yamali iveliswayo. Thetha-thethana norhulumente nabanye oomahlulelane ngenzuzo yakufutshane nje.
Qiniseka ukuba abantu bayaqonda indlela umhlaba wabo nobutyebi ezingena ngayo kumgaqo wesizwe nowamazwe ngamazwe. Funa uncedo loomahlulelane nemibutho exhasayo ukuphumelela oku. Abantu kufuneka baqonde imigaqo karhulumente ephathelele kubutyebi bendalo nolawulo. Abantu kufuneka baqonde indlela igalelo labo ukuba lingena njani kwiintshukumo zeCBNRM ezibanzi kwilizwe, e-Afrika nakwihlabathi liphela.
Gcina iinketho zakho zivulekile kwaye khulisa ukwahlukana kuyo yonke imigangatho. Uluhlu lobutyebi obunokusetyenziswa, iintlobo ezahlukenyo zomsebenzi onegalelo kwiCBNRM, kunye nemithombo eyahlukeneyo yemivuzo yamakhaya, ukunceda uluntu ukuba luphile. Ezinye iimeko zingakunceda ukuba zivuke ngokutsha emva kwenguquko engalindelwanga yezopolitiko, yezoqoqosho nezezinto eziphilayo neendawo eziphila kuyo kuba kukho into ekhoyo.
Lawula kwaye wongamele ubutyebi bendalo ngocoselelo. 'Isiseko sobutyebi' sisiseko sokwakha iCBNRM. Ukuba esi siseko sitshatyalalisiwe inketho yokuzixakekisa ngeCBNRM ayisekho. Funa ulwazi oluthembakeleyo malunga neephatheni zokusebenzisa ubutyebi yintoni esetyenziswayo, isetyenziselwa ntoni, isetyenziswa kangakanani kunye nokuveliswa kwesixokelelwano esinokubakho sokugcina izinto neendawo eziphila kuyo phambi kokuba wenze iimvumelwano ezisesikweni. Zalisa nayiphi inxalenye yenzuzo efanelekileyo kulawulo lobutyebi bendalo. Amava abonise ukuba inzunzo eli- 10 ukuya kuma- 20 % ifanelekile. Imali eyiyo iyakuxhomekeka kwimeko.
Yakha imibutho yasekuhlaleni. Ukuze uqinisekise intsingiselo eyomeleleyo yobunini basekhaya, umbutho wokulawula wasekuhlaleni kufuneka ulawulo nokwenza izigqibo. Sebenzisa kangangoko imibutho ekhoyo kunokwenza emitsha. Kodwa yenza izigqibo ezinemfundiso malunga noku kwaye ungafaki engozini iinjongo zeCBNRM ukuba imibutho emitsha iyafuneka. Lo mbutho uya kufuna inkxaso efanelekileyo noqeqesho olufanelekileyo ukwenza umsebenzi.
Qinisekisa ukuba iCBNRM ivelisa inzuzo eyiyo ngoku, ekuhambeni kwexesha kubantu basekhaya. Qinisekisa ukuba unzuzo yabantu basekhaya ithelekiswa ngokwamkelekileyo nexabiso lasekhaya lokulondoloza nokulawula ubutyebi bendalo. Abantu basekhaya bakhokelela kubomi obuxakekileyo kwaye umhlaba awanelanga. Baya kuzalisa kwixesha, kumhlaba nakobunye ubutyebi kwiCBNRM ngaphandle kokuba kukho inzuzo efanayo. Qinisekisa ukuba kukho indlela yempahla okanye iinkonzo eziveliswa yiCBNRM. Velisa uyilo lweshishini olucacileyo lwephulo. Olu yilo kufuneka luphendule imibuzo yolawulo olusemgangathweni nokungaguquguquki namaxesha esibonelelo.
Lindela inguquko enkulu kwimeko nganye kwaye ulawule imeko nganye ngokobubodwa. Zinzisa imithetho yasekuhlaleni, imimiselo yokuziphatha 'indlela yokwenza' ngokufunda njalo nokulungisa. Qaphela imigaqo yasekhaya, yephondo neyesizwe neendlela nokuzisebenzisa kuncedo lwakho. Kukho uyilo olusephepheni lweCBNRM. Sebenzisa izifundo ezifundiweyo kumava adlulileyo kwaye uwongamele njalo.
Yenza uyilo lolawulo. Qala ngoyilo olusisiseko oluphuhliswe ekuhlaleni/ekhaya, misela imithetho, okanye umgaqo-siseko kwaye wakhele kuwo. Fumana icebiso lencutshe kodwa qiniseka ukuba uyilo lufezekisa izidingo zasekhaya.
Sebenzisa abaququzeleli abanezakhono nabanye abaxhasi nabacebisi onokubathemba kulo lonke inyathelo lendlela. Injongo yokugqibela yenyathelo leCBNRM kukugcinakala ngaphandle kokuqhutyelwa phambili ngaphandle, kodwa oku kungathatha ixesha elide. Kwezinye iimeko iincutshe zeenkonzo ezifana norhwebo zisenokubonelelwa ngumahlulelane wangaphandle. Oku kwenzeka kwiimeko ezininzi zamashishini.
Qinisekisa ukuba ngabantu abafanelekileyo ababandakanyeka kwiCBNRM. Bandakanya abantu abanobuchule, ulangazelelo novelwano abaqhagamshelana lula nabanye. Umdlali uluntu, abathabathi-nxaxheba bakarhulumente nabaxhasi kufuneka banyule 'ingqwayingqwayi' ezimiseleyo ukwenza umsebenzi ongundoqo okanye inyathelo. Yandisa ubunkokeli ngokunika abantu abangenamava iimfanelo kwaye unike inkxaso eyaneleyo nokucebisa.
Lindela ingxabano nokrutha-kruthwano lwegunya kwaye kuyilele oku kwangaphambili. Ukrutha-kruthwano lwasekhaya luyavela xa kukho inzuzo ebambekayo kwaye uluntu aluhlangani ngokupheleleyo. Sombulula ingxabano kwangexesha.
Yenza imbumba noomahlulelane bangaphandle kwaye sebenza kakhulu ukugcina oku. Sebenza neminye imibutho kumacandelo karhulumente nawabucala kwaye benzele ithuba. Qinisekisa ukuba nabo bafumana inzuzo kodwa qiniseka ukuba oku kungadala ukungevani. Ukuba oomahlulelane bangaphandle iqela lesithathu bayabandakanyeka kwiingqiqo ezisisiseko zenkqubo njengokuvuna ubutyeb, sebenza kufutshane nabo ukulawula nokongamela imisebenzi yabo.
Qingqa imali ngendlela eyiyo. Ixesha elongezekileyo nemali ziyafuneka ukwenza ukuthabatha inxaxheba nentsebenziswano zisebenze. Ulawulo oluhlangeneyo luxabisa ngaphezulu kwaye luthatha ixesha kunolawulo lwemvumelwano kodwa luyasebenza ekuhambeni kwexesha. Inzuzo engundoqo yeyokuba ulawulo oluhlangeneyo lunika iimbono ezahlukeneyo kwaye lunceda ngohlanganiso lwengqiqo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zeCBNRM.
Tyileka kwaye unyaniseke. Chitha ixesha kuthetha-thethwano uzame ukuhlangabezana okunyanisekileyo. Kodwa sukuba ngumntwana malunga namaqela enemidla yawo. Nxibelelana ngeenjongo zakho, ngoyilo neendlela zicace kuwo wonke ubani kusasukwa. Khuthaza ukutyhileka, imibuzo nengxoxo-mpikiswano ngawo onke amaxesha. Qiniseka ukuba ingxelo yamaqela onke ihlanganiselwe kuyilo olulandelayo.
Yenza inkqubo yomgaqo equkeneyo, elungisiweyo nenobumvoco. Bandakanya uluntu kwinqanaba lokuqala ekuvelisweni komgaqo.
Amaxwebhu emigaqo kufuneka abe lula kwaye kube lula ukuwaqonda nokuwafumana. Gcina iimpawu ezingundoqo zilula. Phepha imiyalelo enzima nentetho exube namagama antsonkothileyo.
Yila imigaqo ebanzi neyenza isakhelo yesizwe neyephondo enika isiseko sokwakhela imithetho yasekhaya. Dibanisa imigaqo yasekhaya nenkqubo ye-IDP kwaye ubandakanye amagosa asekhaya. Amagosa asekhaya nenkqubo ye- IDP ingakumbi banika isiseko sohlanganiso kwinqanaba lasekhaya. Emva koku shiya indawo yabantu basekhaya ukuba benze eyabo imithetho besebenzisa ulwazi lwasekhaya namasiko.
Jolisa ekunikezeleni ngegunya ekugqibeleni kubasebenzisi ngokwabo bobutyebi, xa bathe banoqeqesho nezakhono ezifunekayo. Nika abantu ukhuseleko lwexesha elide namalungelo kubutyebi nakumhlaba. Abantu kufuneka bazi apho bami khona kwaye yintoni exhalabisayo phambi kokuba babe nokuzalisa ixesha nemali kulawulo lobutyebi babo.
Quka bonke abathabathi-nxaxheba basekhaya abangaphembelela inkqubo okanye abachukunyiswa yinkqubo. Nakana indima yobunkokeli bemveli kwiingingqi apho bunempembelelo.
Isebe ngalinye kufuneka longamele ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho, kwemigaqo neemvumelwano zoluntu. Kufuneka nabo bongamele umsebenzi wamagosa esebe.
Imigaqo kufuneka ibe namandla. Izigwebo nolunye untswinyo kufuneka lufumane ubungqongqo obuqhubela phambili xa imithetho isophulwa. Vumela amagosa kumndilili ukuba asebenzise ubulumko bawo xa kusetyenziswa umthetho. Imeko nganye yahlukile.
Yenza iimeko zicace kubantu basekhaya phambi kokuba igunya lobutyebi bendalo bube nokugunyaziswa. Ezi ziquka: ukuba negunya lolawulo elikhethiweyo, ukuzinzisa ubukho basemthethweni njengeTrust, Common Property Associate okanye inkampani iCandelo 21; ukubonisa umgangatho omncinane wobuchule bokulawula; ukuba nesixokelelwano sokongamela. Ukwenza amalungiselelo enkxaso yobugcisa yangaphandle ukunceda uluntu ukuba luzinzise oku.
Yakha ubuchule. Zinzisa imali yoqeqesho lweCBNRM ukuphuhlisa izakhono zabasebenzisi basekhaya ngokungaguquguqukiyo ukulawula ubutyebi babo kunye nabanye abathabathi-nxaxheba ukuquka amagunya kamasipala ukuhlala kuyinxalenye yenkqubo.
Susa izithintelo phakathi kwabenzeli okanye yenza ibhlorho yokoyisa izithintelo. Umenzeli ngamnye kufuneka achaze indima yalo kukusetyenziswa komhlaba ohlangeneyo. Abenzeli kufuneka bazinzise izibhengezo zeCBNRM kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo nokunika ngokufanekileyo uqeqesho nemali kwezi. Iqela lokusebenza lweCBNRM lomenzeli odibeneyo kufuneka lizinziswe kwimigangatho yesizwe neyephondo.
Fumana ulwazi olufanelekileyo phambi kokuba utyikitye iimvumelwano ezisesikweni. Ukwamkela kweemvumelwano zokwabelana koncedo/kwenzuzo/kwenzuzo kuqoqosho nezinto eziphilayo neendawo eziphila kuyo, ulawulo oluhlangeneyo nokugqithisela umhlaba nezinye iziphiwo.
Yenza kube lula kuluntu ukuvuna inzuzo yemali kwiCBNRM. Imizekelo iquka: ukuvumela ukugqithisela impahla ethengisekayo kuluntu, ukuvumela uluntu imvume yokuthengiswa kwiqela lesithathu (njengecandelo labucala, umahlulelane) kwimeeko ezithile, ukwenza lula imithetho yemali kumaqela athile (ingakumbi abo bangenabuciko besiNgesi).
Qinisekisa abantu ngoncedo/ngenzuzo olungabandakanyi mali olufana nenkxaso nokhuselo lwasemthethweni lwendawo kwizoyikiso zangaphandle; inkxaso yobugcisa, yemali nopolitiko yokulawula kwabantu basekhaya imisebenzi yabo; ukugcina ukukhula kobuchule boluntu lwasekhaya, ukubanceda ukuba balawule iingingqi zabo nobutyebi ngokufanelekileyo, ukuqhubela phambili iinkonzo, ukufikelela kwimboleko-mali uncedo kuthetha-thethwano kwizigqibo zorhwebo necandelo labucala.
Iibloko zezakhiwo eziziziseko zeCBNRM zizinto eziphilayo nabantu (iBhokisi I kumzobo 1). Ezinye iibloko zezakhiwo ezisisiseko: amaziko wasekhaya (imimiselo yokuziphatha nemithetho) izakhono nobuchule jikelele zabathabathi-nxaxheba babe yinxalenye yeCBNRM; nezixhobo ezifunekayo 'zokwenza umsebenzi'. Ezi zizingeniso kwi CBNRM, ezondla iinkqubo ze CBNRM.
Iinkqubo zeCBNRM ziphenjelelwa ziimeko ezintathu: iziganeko zangaphandle ('izinto ezenzeka ngaphandle') ezifana nezikhukhula, imbalela nezothuso zopolitiko (ibhokisi II kumzobo 1); ungenelelo lwangaphandle olufana nemigaqo, neminikelo, uthetha-thethwano nonyanzeliso lomthetho (ibhokisi IV kumsebenzi 1); nolawulo lwasekhaya lwemisebenzi nobuchule - ezinto ezenziwa ngabantu basekhaya ngobutyebi bendalo (ibhokisi III kumzobo 1).
Iimveliso ('izinto eziveliswayo') ezivela kwiCBNRM ezifana nobutyebi, ukhuseleko lobutyebi okukhulu, imfundo engcono, ukuxhotyiswa, ukuphucula impiliso nokuphucula ubulungisa bezinto eziphilayo neendawo eziphila kuyo (ibhokisi V kumzobo 1). La malungu ahlukeneyo ayasebenzisana ngalo lonke ixesha. Amandla nobuthathaka babo, ubuninzi neenpawu, kuguquka njalo. Ngenxa yoku imveliso iguquka njalo impumelelo kwiCBNRM ayimanga ndaweni-nye kwaye ayihambi indlela enye eza ngayo.
Abaququzeleli, abanikeli, abantu basekhaya nabenzi bomgaqo banganempembelelo kwimveliso yeCBNRM ngokungenelela kwabo nezenzo zokulawula nobuchule. Kodwa okuninzi okwenzeka kwiCBNRM kungaphaya kolawulo lwabathabathi-nxaxheba basekhaya (iziganeko zangaphandle kwibhokisi II). Ezi zikhokelo zijolise ukunceda abathabathi-nxaxheba beCBNRM (uluntu, abaququzeleli, nabenzi bomgaqo ikakhulu) ukwenza uninzi lwezo ngqiqo zeCBNRM abanokuziphembelela, kwaye bamelane neziganeko zangaphandle abanefuthe oluncinane okanye elingekhoyo.
Njengoko kukho iimeko ezininzi nabathabathi-nxaxheba abaninzi ababandakanyeka kwiinkqubo zeCBNRM kunokubakho ukungahambi kakuhle kwezinto. Enye yeenjongo ezingundoqo zezi zikhokelo kukunceda abathabathi-nxaxheba ukuba bachonge imithombo yeengxaki, bayile ukuziphepha iingxaki nokoyisa ezo zinokuvela.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_LIGUNYA LEZOLWANDLE LWASEMZANTSI AFRIKA (2003).txt</fn>
Ukuloba kumanzi aseMzantsi Afrika kuziIndidi ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kweyona ndlela yakhe yalula yokuloba ukuya kweyona ndlela enobunkunqela.
Kuwo wonke amacala okusebenza ukuloba ngowona msebenzi onobungozi. Asibo bume bemeko yokusebenza kwabalobi enobutshaba, umsebenzi lo wodwa uzele zingozi ezinokuthi zinqandwe ngokuthi kwaziswe indlela zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo.
Iinjongo zalo mmiselo wokhuseleko wokusebenza kukuzisa ingqwalasela yabalobi kunye nabo bantu abasebenzisa ukuloba njenge- ndlela yokuphila, imigaqo kunye nezithethe ekumelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe ukwenza imeko yokusebenza ibe yekhuselekileyo.
Lo mmiselo awubhalwanga ukwenzela ukuba usetyenziswa ngabalobi bodwa koko wenzelwe ukuba usetyenziswe nguwo wonke ubani onento yokwenza ekhwele inqanawa yokuloba. Kumelwe ukuba iziswe kwingqwalasela yabo bonke abo babandakanyekayo kumsebenzi wemihla ngemihla enqanaweni lonto iquka kunye nabasebenzi basenqanaweni.
Okokugqibela, lommiselo kumelwe ukuba usetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokufundisa. Iqubisana kunye neziseko zokukhuseleko lwabalobi kwaye inika nemithetho-sisekelo ekumelwe ukuba ibe lulwazi oluqhelekileyo kwaye nolusetyenziswayo kurhwebo ngokuloba.
Ukuloba kumanzi aseMzantsi Afrika kuziIndidi ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kweyona ndlela yakhe yalula yokuloba ukuya kweyona ndlela enobunkunqela.
Kuwo wonke amacala okusebenza ukuloba ngowona msebenzi onobungozi. Asibo bume bemeko yokusebenza kwabalobi enobutshaba, umsebenzi lo wodwa uzele zingozi ezinokuthi zinqandwe ngokuthi kwaziswe indlela zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo.
Iinjongo zalo mmiselo wokhuseleko wokusebenza kukuzisa ingqwalasela yabalobi kunye nabo bantu abasebenzisa ukuloba njenge- ndlela yokuphila, imigaqo kunye nezithethe ekumelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe ukwenza imeko yokusebenza ibe yekhuselekileyo.
Lo mmiselo awubhalwanga ukwenzela ukuba usetyenziswa ngabalobi bodwa koko wenzelwe ukuba usetyenziswe nguwo wonke ubani onento yokwenza ekhwele inqanawa yokuloba. Kumelwe ukuba iziswe kwingqwalasela yabo bonke abo babandakanyekayo kumsebenzi wemihla ngemihla enqanaweni lonto iquka kunye nabasebenzi basenqanaweni.
Okokugqibela, lommiselo kumelwe ukuba usetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokufundisa. Iqubisana kunye neziseko zokukhuseleko lwabalobi kwaye inika nemithetho-sisekelo ekumelwe ukuba ibe lulwazi oluqhelekileyo kwaye nolusetyenziswayo kurhwebo ngokuloba.
Beka kwindawo ezifanelekileyo izilumkiso zaziso kunye nemiyalelo xa oko kuthe kwaba kumfuneke ngokommiselo wezokhuseleko okanye ngokunxulumene neemfuno zemigangatho yokwenza ngokukhuselekileyo.
Abalobi kufuneka baxele ngokukhawuleza kumphathi wenqanawa, igosa lezokhuseleko, umqeshi wabo, ukuba kuyimfuneko kumntu onobuchule nonegunya nayo nayiphina into engalunga abayifumanisileyo enqanaweni nenokuthi ibangele ingozi. Ukuba lonto ayilunganga kangangokuba ingazisa ingozi ngokungxamisekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo eso kufuneka kuthintelwe de sibe siyalungiswa.
Ukupopolwa rhoqo kwezixhobo kufuneka kwenziwe kwaye kubhalwe phantsi kwimizuzu yentlanganiso yekomiti yezokhuseleko. Oku kungqamene ikakhulu naso nasiphina isixhobo esisetyenziswa emthalweniA.
Abalobi kufuneka bazibenzise izikhuselo, izixhobo zokhuseleko kunye nezinye ezikhutshulwe ukhuseleko lwabo okanye ukhuseleko lwabanye, kwaye baxele izixhobo ezilahlekileyo okanye ezonakeleyo.
Inkcukacha zayo nayiphina ingozi eyenzeke ngexesha inqanawa iselwandle okanye kwisikhululo senqanawa kufanele ukuba ibhalwe kwincwadi yengxelo yezehlo okanye ibhalwe kakuhle kwaye ichazwe konegunya nobuchule, kwaye kufuneka kuthatyathwe amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba nasiphina isixhobo esonakeleyo sigciniwe ukwenzela ukuba sizokuphononongwa silungiswe.
Ngaphandle kwemeko ezifunekayo okanye xa athe wanikwa igunya lokwenza njalo umlobi kufuneka angasusi, alungise, okanye aphazamisane naso nasiphina isixhobo sokhuseleko okanye esikhutshelwe ukhuseleko lwabo kunye nolwabanye okanye baphazamisane nemethodi okanye inkqubo evunyiweyo ngenjongo zokunqanda ingozi nomonzakalo.
Abalobi kufuneka baziqhelanise kwaye bathobele imiyalelo yezokhuselo kunye nempilo ephelelene nemisebenzi yabo.
Kubalulekile ukuba umlobi ngamnye akwazi ukudada.
Abalobi kufuneka bayeke ukwenza izinto ngokungakhathali okanye izenzo ezinokuthi zibangele ingozi okanye ukwenzakala okanye ezinokuthi zibangele umonakalo kwizixhobo.
Izifundo ezenziweyo ngonobangela wengozi ezenzeka enqanaweni zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngendlela engafanelekanga kotywala okanye iziyobisi zizo ezingunobangela. Abaphathi benqanawa kunye nabasebenzi benqanawa kufuneka banike ingqalelo kakhulu kulo mbandela. Kubonakala kuselithuba apho ubungqina bokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala neziyobisi bungayingozi kubaphathi benqanawa kunye nabasebenzi. Oku kusetyenziswa kotywala neziyobisi zayiphi indlela nngumlobi kwinqanawa yokuloba kungenza ingozi enkulu kumsebenzisi lowo kunye nakwabanye abalapho enqanaweni. Oku kusetyenziswa kotywala kunye neziyobisi kufuneka kungakhuthazwa.
Kufuneka abalobi benikwe ithuba elanelayo ukunciphisa iingozi ezenziwa kukudinwa.
Phambi kokungciba nasiphi isixhobo injineli ephetheyo okanye nawuphi umntu kufuneka aziqhelise kunye nemiyalelo enikwe ngabenzi phambi kokuba aqalise ngomsebenzi. Apho kufuneka kwenziwe umsebenzi onke amalungu abasebenzi benqanawa kufuneka bayiqonde ngokucacileyo imiyalelo kwaye babambelele kuyo. Ingakumbi kwizixhobo ezisebenza ngegesi okanye ezibumanzirha phantsi koxinzelelo.
Umphathi wenqanawa kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba zonke iziqinisekiso ezifana nokhuseleko lweziqinisekiso ezifunwa ngumphathi onegunya osenqanaweni zisemthethweni.
Umphathi wenqanawa kufuneka aqinisekise kuko konke ubuchule bakhe ukuba inqanawa igcinwe ikwimeko elungele ulwandle kwaye zilungile ngalo lonke ixesha. Oku yimbophelelo esegunyeni yomphathi wenqanawa kunye nomnini.
Ukuba kukho ukuthandabauza ngokuphathelele kwimozulu efanele ukuloba umphathi wenqanawa kufuneka akuyekise ukuloba kwangethuba elilungileyo kwaye athathe isenzo sokulumkisa.
Inkathalo efanelekileyo kufuneka ithathwe ukugcina ungenelelo olukhululekileyo kuzo zonke iimeko zokulayisha nalapho umgca ozotywe kumphandle wenqanawa omisiweyo ukhona kufuneka kubanjelelwe kuyo lonke ixesha. Ingqalelo kufuneka ithathelwe ukuba apho kukho iimfuno zokuzinza kwenqanawa.
Ukulinda okubukhali kufuneka bugcinwe ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye abasebenzi benqanawa blunyukiswe ngengozi enzima ekufuphi, ukuza kweelwandle ngexesha lokuloba okanye xa kusenziwa omnye umsebenzi kumgangatho. Inkathalo ebalulekileyo iyafuneka kwimozulu embi, umzekelo ukwehlisa isantya xa amadoda enqumla kumgangatho.
Xa abasebenzi benqanawa kufuneka besebenze kumgangatho umphathi wenqanawa kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba banxibe izincedo zokudada. [ iibhatyi ezikhusela ukuba ungatshoni emanzini].
Abasebenzi kufuneka baqaphele zonke iingozi ezilindelekileyo ezinokulandela okanye iimbobo zolwandle. Ukuba ukuqethuka okanye ukuphuma emgaqweni kwnqanawa kwenzekile isantya kufuneka sincitshiswe.
Inkathalo engaphezulu kufuneka ithathelwe xa inqanawa ihamba ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokungqubana kweegiyeri zokuloba.
Imiphantsi yeenqanawa kufuneka igcinwe ingenmazi kwaye kungekho mityobo na-oyile. Izihluzo zokutsala iimpompo zemiphantsi yenqanawa kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha zigcinwe zicocekile.
Inkathalo kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha ithathelwe ingqalelo ukuqinisekisa ukukhupha amanzi avaleleke kumgangatho. Ukuvalwa kwezigqumathelo zokuvulwa kwamasango enqanawa kuyingozi. Ukuba izixhobo zokukhululwa zifakwe ukuvulwa kufuneka kufikelelwe lula. Phambi kokuba inqanawa induluke ngenxa yeemeko zomkhenkce, izigqumathelo zokuvulwa kwamasango enqanawa ukuba zikhululwe kufuneka zigcinwe zivulekile.
Xa umgangatho ongundoqo ulungiselelwa ukuthwala umthwalo womgangatho ngokuwahlulwa ngamaplanga echibi kufuneka kukho kukho imingxunya ukuvumela ukuqukuqela/ ukuhamba lula kwamanzi kumasango enqanawa akhululekileyo ukunqanda amanzi ukuba ngavaleleki.
Iiglasi zodonga lokhuseleko kufuneka sigcinwa rhoqo kwaye zivavanywe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo ngokulula ngexesha likaxakeka. Kufuneka kuhlale ezingqondweni ukuba iglasi iya kufuna amandla angaphezulu xa intlanzi inokuhlala ecaleni kwayo.
Indawo kunye nenani lamasango okuvula inqanawa akhulekileyo kunye neeglasi zamadonga okhuseleko kufuneka angaguqulwa ngaphandle kwemvume yomphathi onegunya.
Yonke iminyango nezixhobo zokungenisa nokukhupha umoya kunye nezinye iindawo zokuvula apho amanzi anokungena kwisiqu senqanawa okanye kumgangatho wezindlu, kwindawo engaphambili enqanaweni, njalo njalo kufuneka zivalwe ngokufanelekileyo kwiimeko zemozulu embi kwaye zonke izinamathelo nezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo kule njongo kufuneka kufuneka sigcinwe kwimeko elungileyo.
Izixhobo zokuvala nezivalo zokhuseleko kufuneka zigcinwe kwimeko elungileyo.
Zonke izivalo nezikroba zomgangatho wokukhukulisa kufuneka zivalwe kwaye ziqiniswe ngokufanelekileyo xa zingasetyenziswa.
Ngexesha lokuloba inani lezivalo ezivuliweyo kufuneka zigcinwe zizincinane.
Xa kufikelelwa kwimozulu engentle ukuphendla kufuneka kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba izivalo nezikroba zilungile..
Amaplanga esivalo kufuneka ephawulwe ngamanani ngokulandelelana ukusuka phambili ukuya emva ukuze akwazi ukususwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Xa izivalo zisuswa kufuneka zipakishwe ngendlela eya kuvumela eya kunika ukudlula okukhululekileyo ecaleni komphetho wesivalo.
Ukuvulwa okanye ukuvulwa ngokungaphelelanga kwesivalo kufuneka kugqunywe ngeseyile ukunqanda amanzi angangeni.
Imingxunya akufunekanga ishiwe ivuliwe ngaphandle kokuba iintsika neentambo zokhuseleko zisendaweni. Apho kususwe iipleyiti zomgangatho zisusiweyo kufuneka ukuba loo ndawo ikhanyiswe ngokwaneleyo.
Ukulahla izibilini zentlanzi ekukhokelela ekutsibeni kwamanzi phantsi komgangatho ongundoqo kufuneka kuvaliwe xa kungasetyenziswa. Isaziso ngokuphathelele kulo mba kufuneka ubonisiwe ngakumatshini wokuvala.
Onke amacala ezikroba ezinesiciko kunye nezibane zomgangatho kufuneka zivalwe ngokukhuselekileyo.
Zonke izixhobo zokuvala ezikhankanywe kweli candelo kunye nelo theku elimnxinwa kunye nokukhupha ulwaleko lweqokobhe kufuneka kuphendlwe kwangexesha.
Yonke iminyango ebonelela indlela eya kwindawo yokuhlala neendawo zikamatshini kufuneka ibonelelwe ngoomatshini bokuvala ukuze isebenze kwamanye amacala eengcango.
Imingxunya yokungenisa nokukhupha umoya kufuneka ibonelelwe ngoomatshini ukuphepha ukuba abasebenzi benqanawa bavule amacango aqinileyo amanzi kunye nezivalo ukubonelela imingxunya yokungena nokukhupha umoya.
Iindawo zokuma iinqawana, iintsontela zokubophelela nemixokelelwano kufuneka zihlolwe njalo kwaye zivavanywe nokweemfuno zomphathi onegunya. Ukusebenza kwe-ankile kunye nesixhobo sokutsala kufuneka zivavanywe njalo.
Iintsontela zokubophelela kufuneka zirhoxiswe ekusetyenzisweni xa kukho isiphene esibonakalayo. Iintsontela zokubophelela ezaphukileyo akufunekanga zidityaniswe ngeengcingo, ngokufaka izikhonkwane phakathi kwamalungu okanye uhambise ilungu ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye kwaye ufake isikhonkwane ukuyibamba. Amaqhina akufunekanga abekwe kwintsontela ; iintsontela ezineziphene kufuneka zilungiswe kuphela ngabantu abaqeqeshiweyo kwaye basebenzise isixhobo ezifanele loo njongo.
Abaphathi benqanawa kufuneka bayiqonde imiqathango esisiseko yokuzinza kweenqanawa ezihambayo.
Umphathi wenqanawa kufuneka aqonde ukuba ulwazi lokuzinza olunikwe inqanawa luya kumvumela ukuba athelekelele ukuzinza kwenqanawa naphantsi kwayiphi imeko yokulayisha.
Ukuthobela imilinganiselo yokuzinza akuqinisekisi ukungabi nakuchukunyiswa kokuphethuka nokokuba iimeko okanye ukuxolelwa/ ukukhululwa komphathi kwiimfanelo zakhe. Umphathi ngoko kufuneka asebenzise ubulumko kunye nobumatiloshe bakhe obufanelekileyo enika ingqalelo kwixesha lonyaka, kwimozulu nakwindawo apho inqanawa ihamba khona, kwaye athathele ingqalelo kwicebo elifanelekileyo eliqulathwe kwimihlathi elandelayo yeli candelo.
Umphathi weqanawa kufuneka athathe amanyathelo okulumkisa ukuze agcine ukuzinza kwenqanawa. Yonke imiyalelo ephathelele kukuzinza kwenqanawa enikwe ngumphathi onegunya kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngobungqongqo.
Ukulandelelana kokubeka intlanzi kwiingxowa kufuneka kwenziwe ngendlela eya kunqanda ukuqethuka okanye ukungqetha okanye ukulayisha okukhululekileyo okwaneleyo kwenqanawa.
Ukunqanda ukutshintsha iintlanzi ezithwele ngokobukhulu, kwizahlulo eziphathekayo kwingxowa yokufaka kufuneka kufakwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukugcwalisa ngokungaphelelanga iitanki kunganobungozi; ubungxengengxenge beqela leetanki kufuneka bugcinwe buncitshisiwe.
Imiyalelo ephathelele kuzinzo kufuneka iqwalaselwe.
Ukususa okanye ukutshintsha ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo wezinto ezinzima ezilayishelwa ukuzinza kwenqanawa okusisigxina kufuneka kuthintelwe.
Ulwazi lomkhenkce kwinqanawa kuyingozi kwaye kufuneka kuncitshiswe ngeendlela ezisebenzayo.
Zonke iigiyeri zokuloba kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinzima kufuneka zibekwe phantsi kwinqanawa kangangoko.
Inkathalo ebalulekileyo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa ukutsala iigeyeri zokuloba zinganempembelelo engalunganga kuzinzo, umz: xa iminatha zitsala okanye zibamba isithintelo kwintsele yolwandle.
Apho iigiyeri zokuloba zinomthamo omkhulwana wokubamba unikiwe kwinqanawa ukwandisa okulindelekileyo kokulayisha okuneempembelelo engalunganga kuzinzo kufuneka kumiselwe, ngumyili weenqanawa kwakunye nencwadi yozinzo elungisiweyo yaze yavunywa yiSAMSA.
Naziphi iimeko zokulayisha okanye iziqu zenjini ezisemgangathweni ezichazwe kwincwadi yokuzinza kufuneka iboniswe ngokudandalaziyo kwindlu yomqhubi enqanaweni. Apho kuqashwe umphathi wenqanawa omtsha wokulawula okanye abanini kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba umphathi oqashiweyo unengqiqo ngezi meko.
Zonke iileli nezinyuko kufuneka zigcinwe ngokufanelekileyo nangokwaneleyo. Iileli ezenziwe ngomthi akufunekanga ukuba zipeyintwe , kodwa mazivanishwe okanye zikhuselwe ngesigcinakalo esicacileyo.
Imigangatho yokungena enqanaweni, izinyuko, iileli kunye neendlela ezimxinwa kufuneka zigcinwe zicocekile ukunqanda ukuwa ngenxa yeemeko ezityibilikisayo. Izinyuko kunye neeleli kufuneka zibe namanyathelo angatyibilikiyo.
Amaplanga emigangatho , nemigangatho yokungena yezibonda kunye neeleli kufuneka zikhuselwe kwikushenxiso okanye kudiliko.
Iingozi ziqheleke ukwenzeka kuba iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokungena nokuphuma enqanaweni azisetyenziswa. Abalobi akufunekanga batsibe ukusuka enqanaweni ukuya elunxwemeni okanye ukusuka elunxwemeni ukuya enqanaweni. Inethi ephantsi komgangatho wokungena ingaluncedo kwezinye iimeko. Iindlela kumgangatho wokungena nakwiileli zokuhlala kufuneka zilungiswe njalo ukwenzela ukufikelela okukhuselekileyo kuzo zonke iimeko zokuzala nokurhoxa kolwandle.
Xa inqanawa iphela ngeleli okanye umgangatho wokungena uphezu kwedonga lokukhusela, amanyathelo azinze ngokomeleleyo kufuneka akhokele ukusuka kumntla wodonga lokhuseleko ukuya kumgangatho kwaye kufuneka abonelele ngeendawo zokubambelela ezikhuselekileyo kwaye ezomeleleyo ezifana nomvalo okanye intsika. Inkathalo kufuneka ithathwe ukuze ucwangciso luvumele ukufikelela okulula nolukhululekileyo ukusuka kwileli okanye kwindlela yokungena kwinyathelo okanye ngokuphendulelekileyo.
Amanyathelo ngenx'engaphambili kufuneka athathwe xa iileli zisetyenziswa ukukhwela enqanaweni. Imithwalo kufuneka ingathwalwa kuyo kwaye iileli akufunekanga zisetyenziswe kwaphela apho kukho izinyuko okanye imigangatho yokungena kwinqanawa ngaphandle kokukhwela okanye ukwehla kwinqanawe okanye ukuwela usuka kwenye inqanawa ukuya kwenye.
Ukusetyenziswa kweeleli ezinokuphatheka elwandle kufuneka kuphetshwe, kodwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba zisetyenziswe kufuneka zikhuseleke ngokomeleleyo ekutyibilikeni. Iziseko ezingatyibilisiyo zingasetyenziswa okanye iileli zingabanjwa ngezantsi ngomnye umntu. Umlenze kwicala ngalinye kufuneka ubekwe kumphezulu osicaba kwaye oqinileyo, kwaye soloko isendaweni. Abasebenzi abasebenza kwiileli kufuneka banxibe iimpahla ezikhuselekileyo ezibotshelelwe kwinxalenye yenqanawa ezingabotshelelwanga kwileli.
Iileli zentsontela ezineplanga elide elimxinwa kufuneka zibonelelwe ukunqanda ukujijeka.
ukuba ayindanga ngokwaneleyo ukufika kumgangatho wamanzi okanye kwisithulelo senqanawa.
Iileli ezinjalo kufuneka zandiswe kwaye akufunekanga zingaqiniselwa kwisikhuselo esijikeleze isikhephe ngaphezulu ngeeragi. Kufuneka abe mnye kuphela umntu ngexesha ovunyelwa kwileli yentsontela. Abantu abanyukayo okanye abehlayo kufuneka babe nenkathalo yokubambelela kwiintsontela bangabambeleli kwiiragi.
iragi elungiswe ngezikhonkwane, okanye naziphi iindlela ezingakhuselekanga.
Iintsika eziphathekayo kufuneka zikhuseleke kwingozi yokuphakanyiswa.
Izigquma ngamaplanga seenzanwe okanye izithintelo zeplanga elikwinqanawa kufuneka zibotshelelwe ngokukhuselekileyo.
Imivalo kufuneka igcinwe kwimeko elungileyo.
Imivalo yezandla ephathekayo kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha ikhuselekile kwaye isendaweni xa inqanawa isiza.
Iinqanawa zokuloba kufuneka zithwale iileli zomalathisi-ndlela namadoda okubamba intsontela xa iinqanawa ziseluhambeni kwimeko apho oomalathisi-ndlela banokusetyenziswa.
Imigangatho kufuneka igcinwe ingena-oyile ngalo lonke ixesha. Izitywina ezivuzayo okanye iziqhagamshelo kwimigca yoxinzelelo yolwelo okanye izixokelelwano zezithambiso kufuneka zinyamekelwe kangangoko. Iingxowa zesanti okanye imbuphu yesarha kufuneka ithwalwe kwaye kufuneka isasazwe kumgangatho kwimeko yokuvuza. Isihlambululi esifanelekileyo esaneleyo kufuneka naso siphathwe.
Ngexesha lobumnyama kufuneka kubonelelwe ngozikhanyiso ezaneleyo kumgangatho wokungena enqanaweni kunye nakuzo zonke iindawo kumgangatho apho istafu kufuneka sisebenze khona okanye siwele ukuze izithintelo zibonakale.
Ngexesha lokuloba izibane kumgangatho akufunekanga zicinywe ngaphandle kokuba ukuloba kufuna ubumnyama kwaye ubushushu besikhanyisi obunamandla aphantsi kufuneka bufakiwe kwiindawo apho abasebenzi basebenza khona akonye bawela khona.
Akufunekanga nakweyiphi imeko ukuba izibane zokuqhuba inqanawa ezimiselweyo zikhuselwe okanye zenziwe luzizi xa inqanawa ihamba.
Abalobi kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha bazikhusele ekuweleni emanzini kuba oku kunqanda unobangela omkhulu wokubhubha kwabalobi. Ukudlokova nokugungqagungqa kweenqanawa ezincinane, ukunyusa isantya ngequbuliso, ukwenza umsebenzi wokuloba entsokothileyo kwimigangatho evulekileyo, ukutsala kaninzi nokuvulela iigiyeri emacaleni okanye kumva wenqanawa, ukusebenza kwimigangatho emanzi etyibilikisayo apho ngamanye amaxesha igqunywe ligazi lentlanzi kunye nezibilini kunye nokudinwa okungenakunqandwa okubangelwa kukusebenza iiyure ezinde zimeko ezingakhokelela ukuba abalobi bawele emanzini.
Kwisimo sezulu iinqanawa zokuloba zikwimeko yokugutyungelwa ngamaza xa zisendleleni emva kokuba ilele ngecala eliphezulu kumaza ingakumbi ukuba indlela entsha isemoyeni. Amadoda asebenza kumgangatho akwimeko yokuqengqeleka ukuba kwaye ukuba kukho utshintsho lwequbuliso kwintshukumo lungabafumana bengaqaphelanga. Kuba inqanawa inemfanelo kukugutyungelwa ngamaza kweli nqanaba abasebenzi banokwenzakala. Kwezi meko abasebenzi bacetyiswa ukuba batshintshe indlela kunye/okanye isantya.
Kufuneka kukho ulumkiso ezisebenzayo nesixokelelwano sonxibelelwano phakathi kwendlu yomqhubi enqanaweni kunye nabasebenzi kumgangatho.
Njengesilumkiso esikhuselekileyo, kufuneka kumiselwe iintambo ezisetyenziswa ekukhuseleni abantu abasengozini yokutshona kudidi nakubukhulu benqanawa nakwiimeko zemozulu ekhoyo.
Xa abalobi kufuneka basebenze kwindawo etyhilekileyo okanye ukufika kwicala elinemozulu enzima kufuneka bakhuselwe ngeetambo ezisetyenziswa ekusindiseni abantu abasengozini yokutshona, ngamabhanti okhuseleko okanye banxibe iibhatyi ezinxitywa emanzini.
Ngexesha lemozulu embi okanye xa inqanawa igqengqeleka ngamandla isantsya esiphezulu senqanawa kufuneka sincitshiswe xa abasebenzi kufuneka besebenze kumgangatho.
Abalobi akufunekanga basebenze bodwa kumgangatho xa imo yezulu imbi ngaphandle kokuba umlindi okwindlu yomqhubi wenqanawa inolwazi ngobukho babo kwaye unike imvume yokuba kusetyenzwe kumgangatho.
Abalobi kufuneka baziqhelanise neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsontela neentsontela zokubophelela inqanawa kunye nemisebenzi yazo ethile ezisetyenziswa kwinqanawa ingakumbi kwiimpawu ezaphukileyo zokudityaniswa kweentsontela.
Iintsontela zeengcingo kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha ziphathwe ngenkathalo enkulu, kwaye iiglavu kufuneka zisetyenziswe njengezikhuseli kwiingozi ezivela kwimisonto ethe phuhlu. Imisesane akufunekanga inxitywe xa kusetyenzwa ngeentsontela zengcingo.
Inkathalo kufuneka ithathwe ukuphepha ukumosha okanye ukwenza buthathaka iintsontela ngenxa yokutsaleka ngamandla ingozi okanye ukukhuhla nokunqunqa ngezinto ezibukhali.
Abalobi kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha baqiniseke ukuba basebenzisa iintsontela neentsontela ezenziwe ngeengcingo kwinjongo ekujoliswe kuyo. Inkathalo kufuneka ithathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi zinto zikwimeko elungileyo kwaye zinamandla afanelekileyo okusebenza.
Iintsontela kunye neentsontela ezenziwe ngeengcingo kufuneka zivavanyelwe ukugruzuka nokwaphuka, imicu okanye imisonto emandundu okanye eshenxisiweyo okanye ezinye iziphene.
Iintsontela yemicu akufuneka ibekwe kubushushu obuninzi okanye kwikhemikhali ezinobungozi. Xa zingasetyenziswa kufuneka zisongwe kwaye zigcinwe kwiindawo ezikhupha zingenise umoya, zingabekwa elangeni.
Intsontela yecala lasekunene ethathwe kumbijelo omtsha kufuneka irhoxiswe ngokuchaseneyo ngokujikeleza ngokwasekunene ukusuka ngaphakathi ukwenzela ukugcina ukubhijela.
Ukujijeka kwiintsontela kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha ikhutshwe ngokuthandelwa okuchanekileyo, umz: ukutyandelwa kwasekunene ngentsontela yasekunene.
Umthwalo akufunekanga ubekwe kwintsontela ngequbuliso okanye ngokuxhuzula kuba oku kuya kusindisa intsontela kwaye iyenze ibe buthathaka.
Isidibaniso sokuhlomela kufuneka sisetyenziswe apho kuyimfuneko kwindawo eneqhina eyenza buthathaka kakhulu intsontela.
Zonke iziqu zenjini kufuneka zinamandla awoneleyo kwaye zinkulu ngokwaneleyo kwintsontela. Idayamitha yomqulu kufuneka ufanele intsontela. Inkathalo kufuneka ithathwe ukuqinisekisa ubukhulu bemigca ekroliweyo yemiqulu kunye nemeko efanele ubukhulu bentsontela esetyenziswayo. Amakhamandela axhasa iziqu zenjini kufuneka ahlolwe njalo ekunxibeni nasekutshintshweni apho kuyimfuneko. Iimortyisi kufuneka benziwe ntsundu.
Intsontela eyenziwe ngocingo efakwa kwifimbili kubukhulu obufanelekileyo ukwenza iliso kufuneka ihlonyelwe ngokufanelekileyo okanye ikhuselwe ngezibambi ezingu-U ukuze isikhonkwane esinamaqoqo zingene kwisiphelo esifutshane sentsontela eyenziwe ngocingo.
Umchako okanye intsontla akufunekanga ilahlwe ngokungakhathaliyo kwicala lenqanawa kuba ingangcolisa isiqhubi.
Iintsontela ezilahliweyo, iminatha okanye enye igiyeri ayinakulahlwa elwandle. Kufuneka igcinwe enqanaweni zize zilahlwe elunxwemeni.
Ngexesha lokuphatha amatyathanga okanye ezinye iintsontela ezenziwe ngeengcongo okanye iintsontela abalobi kufuneka babe nenkathalo bangemi kwirhintyela. Iintambo zentsimbi kufuneka zithandelwe kwiindawo zazo ezifsanelekileyo izee iindawo ezisikiweyo zentsontela eyenziwe ngeengcingo zibe kwiibhobhini zazo ukunciphisa irhintyela elinokwenzeka.
Imigangatho kufuneka igcinwe ingenazigiyeri ezilahliweyo ezinokubangela ukukhubeka okanye ukwenzakala kwabasebenzi xa benqumleza imigangatho xa inqanawa iqengqeleka okanye idlokova.
I-oyile okanye amafutha achithekileyo okanye ubutyobo bentlanzi kufuneka kunkcenkceshelwe kwaye kucocwe ukuze umgangatho ungatyibilikisi. Ithumbu lokunkcenkceshela lomgangatho kufuneka ligcinwe lingajijekanga.
Xa abalobi kufuneka besebenze ngaphezulu kufuneka basebenzise isitulo sikamongameli woomatiloshe kunye nebhanti yokhuseleko. Xa isitulo sikamongameli woomatiloshe silungiselelwa ukuhlala umphambili wenqanawa ingenguye unotaka wekhamandela kufuneka uhlale kwintambo exhasa imasti enqanaweni okanye kwilungu lokuma. Izitulo zikamongameli woomatiloshe kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha zibanjwe ngesiqu senjini kunye nesakhelo sentsimbi; ukusetyenziswa kweehaki kwiileli kule njongo kufuneka kungavunyelwa.
Izihlunu zethanga ingezizo ezomqolo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima, oko kukuthi umntu kufuneka achophe egobe amadolo aze agcine umqolo uthe tyaba kwaye ume kakuhle aze aphakamise umthwalo ngeengalo ezime tse ngokolula imilenze.
I-emele yamanzi akufunekanga isetyenziswe xa inqanawa ihamba kuba kukho ingozi yokokuba umntu oyisebenzisayo angawela emanzini.
Ukutshintshwa kwestafu, okanye iivenkile eziselwandle akufunekanga kwenzeke ngaphandle kwemfuneko epheleleyo.
Isikhitshana sokusebenza akufunekanga simke elwandle ngaphandle kokuba sixhotyiswe ngokwaneleyo. Abasebenzi kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha banxibe izixhobo zokudada.
Abasebenzi abongamele isikhitshana sokusebenza kufuneka baqeqeshelwe ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokusindisa, zixhobo ezo ekufuneka zigcinwe kwisikhitshana.
Abasebenzi abongamele isikhitshana sokusebenza kufuneka baqeqeshwe kwinkqubo zokhuseleko nokundulula ngokukhawuleza nokufumana kwakhona isikhephe. Indawo apho isikhitshana siza kundululwa kuyo kwaye kufunyanwe kwakhona kufuneka ikhanye ngokwaneleyo.
Xa isikhitshana sokusebenza sikude kwicala lesikhephe isibonelo kufuneka sigcinwe kwisikhitshana esisebenzayo kuwo onke amaxesha. Xa kusetyenzwa ebusuku elwandle phakathi kweenqanawa ezimbini kufuneka kukhanyiswe ngesibane esibukhali sokufuna.
Izigcina-ntloko zokhuseleko okanye iminqwazi yokhuseleko kufuneka inxitywe kwiimeko apho iingozi zentloko zilindelekileyo.
Umphathi oseblorhweni kufuneka abe nesibonelo esibukhali kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokuloba ingakumbi kukuza kolwandle olunamandla. Yonke imiqondiso enikiweyo kufuneka ibe yeyakhayo kwaye iqondwe ngokucacileyo.
Zonke iigiyeri ezisebenzayo, nokuba zimile okanye ziyahamba kufuneka zigcinwe kwimeko elungileyo kwaye zihlolwe njalo. Amadoda akumgangatho aya kuba kwingozi ukuba intsika egquma iseyile ivulekile iyajingajinga xa iintambo zayo zisahlukana.
Abalobi akufunekanga banxibe imisesana xa bebambe iminatha okanye ezinye iigiyeri zokuloba.
Abalobi kufuneka bame qelele kwimichako ehambayo kunye/okanye kwiintsontela ezenziwe ngeengcingo ukuze intshukumo yenqanawa ingabalahleli kuzo.
Abalobi kufuneka bame qelele kwiigiyeri zazo zonke iintlobo ezidlulayo.
Abalobi akufunekanga beme kumalungu egiyeri ezilele phantsi kumgangatho xa intsalela yelungu isesecaleni.
Iigeyeri zokuloba ezingqubanayo ziyingozi kwaye kufuneka ziphathwe ngenkathalo egqithisileyo. Abalobi kufuneka baziqonde iingozi zokuphatha izinto ezingaqhelekanga, ezifana nezixhobo eziqubulayo okanye imigqomo yeekhemikhali, ukutsalwa ngegiyeri yokuloba.
Izithintelo kwigiyeri kwintsela yolwandle ngonobangela bengozi kumgangatho kude kube licandelo lokugqibela legiyeri elisenqanaweni. Ukutsaleka okugqithisileyo kungenzeka kwiindawo ezingalindelwanga xa inqanawa iqengqeleka ingakumbi xa isithintelo sinesiphelo kwigiyeri eyahlukaniswayo kwisiphelo esinye kwaye umthwalo wonke utsaleka kwiwaphu enye.
Abalobi kufuneka bangabeki iminwe nezandla zabo engozini ngokucoca umgca okwishivu yesiqu senjini. Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ekucoceni.
Ungqameko nesifekele kufuneka zakhiwe ngononophelo kwizindlu zeentlanzi. Amachibi eenqanawa kufuneka angafunjwa ngemfumba ezindyengelele.
Ukuba isibonelo sibekwe ngakwimboniselo ephezulu emastini kufuneka asisebenzise ngokukhwela kwimasti kwaye azimise kakuhle ngaphakathi aze angangxabalazi kwimivalo ekhuselayo.
Izidibanisi zeengcingo kwimichako kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha zisikwe/zichetywe.
Isitafu esingafunekiyo kufuneka singavunyelwa nandawoni kumgangatho wokusebenza xa kudutyulwa naxa kutsalwa.
Abalobi akufunekanga basebenzise iimela xa besenza nawuphi umsebenzi ongafuni kusetyenziswe iimela.
Zonke iziqu zeenjini, amasango entsimbi, amakhamandela nezinye izinto zegiyeri zokuloba kufuneka zinamandla awoneleyo wemithwalo eya kubekwa kuzo. Kufuneka kwakho zigcinwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Abalobi kufuneka baziqonde iingozi zempilo zokuphatha ishishini lwentlanzi. Intlanzi emanzi egciniweyo igqiba i-oksijini kwaye ingavelisa iigesi ezinetyhefu xa isonakala. Kwindawo evaliweyo i-atmosfera ingangcoliseka kwaye ibe nentswelo kwi-oksijini enokubangela okugula okanye ukuva kulowo unokuyiphefumla.
Xa abalobi befaka isithiyelo okanye bepakisha izixhobo kufuneka bazothule ngendlela eya kwenza umthwalo ungadilikeli phezu kwabo.
Amalungu amatsha abasebenzi kwinqanawa kufuneka baxelelwe ngesimo sokusebenza enqanaweni nangeengozi zomsebenzi abelwe zona kufuneka zicaciswe.
Bonke abalobi abakumgangatho wenqanawa kufuneka banxibe izincedisi zokudada.
Xa kusetyenziswa imigqomo yokuthandela inkathalo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukugcina impahla ingakumbi, izikhafu neeglavu zithe qelele kuyo.
Umntu onamava kufuneka aqeshwe ongamele isixhobo sokutsala okanye sokunyusa ngawo onke amaxesha. Isixhobo sokunyusa okanye sokutsala akufunekanga sisetyenziswe okanye sishiywe sisebenza kungekho mntu kwizixhobo zokulawula. Iintambo akufunekanga zisetyenziswe ukuqinisa izixhobo zolawulo zezixhobo zokunyusa nokutsala.
Imijikelezo eyaneleyo yokujijeka komnatha kufuneka uhlale ujikeleze umgqomo wokutsala nokunyusa umnatha ngalo lonke ixesha: isiphelo sesithandelo sojijeko singadala ingozi emandundu. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kugcinwe kwimijikelezo emi-5 kumgqomo ubuncinane ngawo onke amaxesha.
Xa kudutyulwa naxa kuthuthwa ukuba elinye ilungu legiyeri njengekhoki esentanjeni yokuloba ethe yabambeka kwimpahla yomntu kufuneka ngoko nangoko isuswe ngokusika impahla.
Abalobi akufunekanga beme phakathi kwesiphelo sentambo kunye nodonga lokhuseleko okanye ibhobhile yomvalo: zingashwabana xa inqanawa iqengqeleka.
Abalobi kufuneka beme qelele kwisiphelo sentambo xa inyuswa. Akufunekanga bagqithe phantsi kwesiphelo sentambo enyuswayo.
Abalobi kufuneka beme qelele kwindoda ebambe amatyathanga kuba kufuneka inomhlaba owaneleyo wokutsibela qelele xa iingcango zinokudibana ngokuqathalala.
Kuyingozi kakhulu ukuba kwisikhuselo esijikeleze isikhephe ngaphezulu kwaye ingqalelo kufuneka ithathwe xa kulungiswa amatyathanga.
Abalobi akufunekanga beme phantsi kwesiqu senjini ephantsi komthwalo okanye evumelana nomsinga ekulindeleke uhambe ngawo xa unokusilela. Abalobi kufuneka baziqonde iingozi ezingaphezulu ezilindelekileyo xa kusetyenzwa ngokunyusa nokuthutha igiyeri.
Isango/ iheke ethambekileyo yomva wenqanawa ekumva wenqanawa yokuloba kufuneka ivalwe kwaye iqiniswe ngaphandle kokuba kuxa kudutyulwa okanye kuthuthwa. Ngamanye amaxesha xa iheke ivuliwe umgca wokhuseleko kufuneka uxhotyiswe ngokuqumleza isithuba. Apho abalobi kufuneka basebenze kufutshane nendawo ethambekileyo enesango elivulekileyo kufuneka kunxitywe impahla yokhuseleko eneentambo zokusindisa ezingozini.
Xa intlanzi iqandusela kumva wenqanawa yokuloba ovuliweyo kufuneka uqiniswe ukunqanda ukuqandusela kungavali ukuba ibethwa lulwandle oluza emva kokuqakadula.
Xa iingcango zisiza abalobi kufuneka beme qelele kuphahla okanye indlela emxinwa ukunika indoda etsala nenyusa isixhobo sokutsala nokunyusa imbono ecacileyo. Akufunekanga beme phakathi kwamaphahla kunye nesikhuselo esijikeleze isikhephe ngaphezulu xa iingcango zivela. Kwiinqanawa apho indado esebenza ngesixhobo sokutsala nokunyusa ayinayo umbono ocacileyo iingcango ezisa kuphahla kufuneka unxibelelwano olunentsingiselo/olusebenzayo ukusuka kwiphahla ukuya kwisikhululo sezixhobo sokulawula isixhobo sokutsala nokuyusa.
Kwiinqanawa zokuloba ezisecaleni eziguqulelwe ukusuka kumnatha omkhulu ukuya kumva wenqanawa inkathalo ebalulekileyo kufuneka ithathwe xa kusetyenzwa emva kweplatfomu ingakumbi xa kulungiswa iminatha. Intsontela yokhuseleko okanye itsheyini kufuneka libekwe emva ekupheleni kweplatfomu.
Ukuloba ngokurhangqa iintlanzi yimethodi yokuloba enengozi ngenxa yobukhulu nobunzima bomnatha, nesantya esimiselwe wona kunye namandla angonyamela umnatha, iingcingo zawo neziqu zenjini ehambisanayo noomatshini ngexesha kulotywa nasemva kokuloba.
Oomatshini bomgangatho kufuneka bakhangelwe ngokugqibeleleyo phambi kokuba inqanawa ishiye izibuko, kwaye nasiphi isiphene kwiziqu zeenjini, kwiimortyisi, kwiintsontela ezenziwe ngeengcingo, okanye abanye oomatshini nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ekulobeni kufuneka sixelelwe umntu onemfanelo kwangoko zilungiswe. Zonke iimortyisi eziqiniswayo kufuneka bafakwe ngesixhobo esiqinisayo ukunqanda ingozi enokwehla. Ingakumbi isixhobo esiqinisayo sokuqinisa ihenjisi yaso nasiphi isiqu senjini esithatha ngokukhawuleza kufuneka sivavanywe kubonwe ukuba sisebenza ngokwanelisayo.
Umatiloshe osebenza emgangathweni wenqanawa wesandla owongamele ukuqalisa i-ankile yolwandle kufuneka alunyukiswe kwiingozi ezinokuphingela kumnatha okanye kwiintambo zawo ngexesha lokumiselwa kwaye kufuneka egcinwe phantsi kwengqalelo xa ebandakanyeka kulo msebenzi unengozi. Kucetyiswa ukuba kufuneka anxibe impahla yokhuseleko xa esenza lo msebenzi.
Bonke abasebenzi kufuneka bazibeke endaweni ukuze baqiniseke ngomnatha kunye neentsontela ezenziwe ngeengcingo ezihambisana nawo kunye neentambo ngexesha lokumiselwa kwawo ngokukhawulezileyo.
Ngexesha lomsebenzi wokuphesa abasebenzi kufuneka bakuphephe ukuma endaweni apho baya kwenzakaliswa yintsontela eyenziwe ngeengcingo eqhambuke kwishivi okanye kwiliza elikhulu nangasiphi isizathu.
Ngexesha lomsebenzi wokuloba kuyimfuneka ngamanye amaxesha ukuguqula incam yokutsala iingcingo zesipaji zibe semva ngokukhulula iintambo zengcingo kwisiqu senjini esithatha msinyane kwisilenge esiphezu kweqanawa esehlisa iphenyane. Inkathalo egqibeleleyo kufuneka ithathiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kutsaleka kungamandla kwitambo yengcingo ngexesha ikhululwa kwaye bonke abasebenzi beme qelele.
Xa umnatha ufunyenwe kwakhona amandla asebenza kumalugngu awohlukeneyo angaba makhulu kakhulu ingakumbi ubungakanani bentlanzi ebanjiweyo. Ukukhukhumala kunganyusa inqanawa phambi kokunyusa ibhegi yomnatha ingakumbi ukuba isondela kwicala lasekunene lenqanawa isuka ezibukweni. Oku kuya kubangela ukwanda kumandla asebenza kumphambili ukwehlisa incam yomnatha nesitsali mnatha.
Ukongeza, la mandla angabangela ukuba inqanawa yenza ukuqethuka. Abaphathi bayakhunjuzwa ukuba ubuchule bokubuyisela inqanawa ukuba ime nkqo kuncipha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingozi yokuphethuka iyandangokunjalo njengoko isiqukumbelo somgangatho utshona. Ukuba oku kunokwenzeka umnatha kufuneka ukhululwe iziphu ngokukhawuleza okanye umntu oqeshisa ngomnatha nesixhobo sephesi sokutsala kufuneka zibuyiswe umva ngesantya esipheleleyo. Xa inqanawa isenza ukuqethuka kufuneka umphathi ngalo lonke ixesha abe nengqiqo yokuba kufuphi komgangatho wamanzi kungqameko lomgangatho. Kwimeko apho ezi zenzo zingaphambili ziseleleyo ukunciphisa i-engile youkuqethuka umnatha kufuneka usikwe. Into yokusika izikhonkwane ezinamaqoqo kufuneka zigcinwe kufutshane kwisixhobo sokutsala nokunyusa. Xa kusikwa umnatha abasebenzi kufuneka baqonde ngokulindeleka kwewiphuleshi.
Iminatha ezizipaji mikhulu kakhulu kwaye inkathalo egqithileyo kufuneka ithathwe ngabasebenzi abayifumbayo ukunciphisa ingozi yokutyibilika nokuwa emanzini phezu komnatha wokukhusela.
Inkathalo egqithileyo kufuneka kwakho ithathwe ngabasebenzi ababandakanyeka ekungakhuphini izibambi zesipaji bangabambeki kumnatha odlula kwisitsali somnatha.
Intlanzi ethwalwa kumgangatho ingenza ingozi xa inokutshintshwa kwaye kufuneka ithwalwe kuphela ngamachobi akhiweyo awomeleleyo. Iiglasi sesikhuselo esijikeleze isikhephe ngaphezulu kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha zibe kwimeko elungileyo kwaye zifikeleleke ukuqinisekisa ukuphungula umthwalo womgangatho ngokukhawuleza ukuba oku kungayimfuneko.
Abaphathi bayakhunjuzwa ukuba impembelelo yozinzo kwindawo engenalwelo ingacingelwa. Ngoko kukho ingozi yokuphethuka xa inqanawa ithula ekunokuba kokugqithisileyo xa imiphakathi yenqanawa okanye iitaki zimalunga nekota ukugcwala.
Apho inqanawa ivunyelweyo ukubamba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentlanzi kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngeminatha efanelekileyo yezo ntlobo. oku kukuphepha ukuvaleka komngxuma womnatha ngamaxolo entlanzi ekutsaleni umnatha ecaleni ukukhupha okubanjiweyo.
Ukuthwala intlanzi kufuneka kuqalise kwangoko ukuphepha iintshukumo ezigqithileyo zokuqethuka ngenxa yokubumbana kwentlanzi njengoko oku kungakhokelela kukwanda kwamanzi angane kumphakathi wenqanawa kunye nentlanzi. Ukubamba intlanzi nokukhupha amanzi ngokupheleleyo kufuneka kujongwe ngawo onke amaxesha ukuphepha ukuncipha kozinzo olwakhayo ngempembelelo yomphezulu ongenanto.
Imithwalo egqithisileyo ingabekwa kwigiyeri esebenzayo ngexesha lokusebenza ngokuloba ngemitha ngegiyeri kwinqanawa. Ezona ngozi zingundoqo yintsilelo yegiyeri ephantsi komthwalo nokunciphisa uzinzo lwenqanawa.
Zonke iintlanzi kufuneka zibekwe kusetyenziswe amachibi asenqanaweni okanye izahlulo ukunciphisa iimpembelelo zokuqethuka ezingalunganga ezibangelwa kukutshintsha umthwalo wezithuthi xa zisebenza elwandle kwaye nawuphi umthwalo okumgangatho kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha usasazwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ugcinwe phantsi komgangatho kwangethuba.
Iindlela zokulawula iintshukumo zenqanawa enqumlezayo yomthwalo womnatha okanye inqanawa enesigutyulo kufuneka zibonelelwe njengoko 'ijingajinga' phezu kodonga lokhuselo ekubeni ijinga kwisilenge esinyusiweyo. Ukujingajinga okugqithisileyo okanye okungalawulwayo komnatha okanye isilenge kungaqalisa ukuqethuka okungaba yingozi. Ulawulo lungaphunyelelwa ngokubeka ngokufanelekileyo iintambo ezixhasa imasti ngaphambili nangasemva ezifana 'neentsontela zebhegi' kicala eliqhelekilyo lenqanawa yokuloba.
Iimpembelelo zokuqethuka ezibekwa kwinqanawa xa kusenziwa iinzame zokukhulula umnatha omkhulu oqinisiweyo kufuneka zimelwe luzinzo ngokunqamlezayo lwenqanawa. Iimpembelelo ezingalunganga kula mandla okuqethuka kufuneka ancitshiswe ukuba AWASETYENZISWA ngokutsala isiqu senjini xa ibekwe kumphandle wenqanawa kwisiphelo sentsika egquma iseyile ivulekile.
Xa kulotywa, kuthathwa umthwalo wegiyeri kwibreki zomgqomo wesixhobo sokutsala nokunyusa kuphela, iiklatshi ziyakhululeka. Xa umnatha uphingele kwisithintelo kwintsele yolwandle makukhululwe iibreki zomgqomo wesixhobo sokutsala nokunyusa ngokukhawuleza. Iindlela zokukhulula isiqu senjini kumphandle wenqanawa ekupheleni kwentsika eyivumela ukuba iwele emanzini kufuneka ibonelelwe okanye imethodi enokulingana ngokusebenza kufuneka yamkelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutsala kukurhuqa intambo kuyasetyenziswa kufutshane necala lenqanawa kwaye ngokuphantsi kangangoko xa inzame isenziwa kukutsala intambo nokuqiniswa okucacileyo komnatha.
Iimpembelelo ezingalunganga ezifana nezo zihambiselana nomtha womnatha ophingele kwisithintelo ntsele yolwandle zingavela xa umnatha ngokwawo 'unyukile'.
Kwiziphelo zomphandle wenqanawa yeentsika eziphumela ecaleni kufuneka zigcinwe ziphantsi kangangoko ukunqanda ukufukula.
Xa imitha iloba okanye icango lomnatha omkhulu liloba ziyarhuqwa kwisiphelo semiphandle yenqanawa yeentsika eziphumela ecaleni kufuneka irabha isetyenzwe ngesandla lonke ixesha.
Umphathi akufunekanga azame ukubuyisela umnatha othintelayo ngewaphu ehamba phezu kwesiqu senjini kwisiphelo somphandle wenqanawa yeentsika ezisecaleni. Kunokuba nengozi yokuphethuka kwenqanawa ukuba oku kuyenziwa. Oku kusebenza nasekunyuseni ubunzima okanye ubunzima obungaziwayo ngale ndlela.
Xa iihaki zezithiyelo okanye isakhelo okanye ukubamba imitya yokuloba abalobi kufuneka ngawo onke amaxesha bathathe inkathalo ethile engazukwenzakalisa izandla zabo kwaye iihaki zingenamatheli ezimpahleni zabo. Abasebenzi akufunekanga banxibe izikhafu ezingabambiyo okanye iimpahla ezinemikhono engabambiyo xa besebenza. Xa kuphoswa abalobi ababandakanyekayo neegiyeri kufuneka beneemela ezomeleleyo ezibukhali kunye/okanye amazembe ngexesha lokusebenza ukusika iihaki ezithintelayo okanye imitya yokuloba.
Abalobi ababambe imitya yokuloba (eneehaki zokuthiyela) kufuneka banxibe amehlo okukhusela ukukhusela amehlo kwiihaki kunye/okanye kwisanti.
Abalobi abasebenza ngesitsali kufuneka banxibe amehlo okukhusela njengesikhuselo kwiihaki ezibhabhayo nakukuxhakamfula kweminatha.
Imitya yokuloba kufuneka ithandelwe ngocoselelo kwaye iihaki zicwangciswe ukuze imitya ihambe ngokukhululekileyo ngaphandle kwezithintelo xa ziphindezelwa.
Iibhaskiti, imiphongolo okanye iibhobhini zemitya yokuloba kufuneka iqiniswe ngokwaneleyo ukuze ingawi kwimozulu embi.
Abalobi abangabandakanyeki ngqo kwisakhelo okanye ekutsaleni imitya yokuloba kufuneka babe kude kwindawo ekufuphi nokushukuma kwemitya yokuloba.
Xa iintlanzi ezilumayo okanye ezinganobungozi ezitsalelwe enqanaweni kufuneka zibulawe phambi kokuba zibanjwe kwaye iihaki akufanelekanga ukuba zisuswe kude kube kukhuselekile ukwenza oko.
Abalobi abatsala kumtya wokutsala kufuneka balumkele izandla zabo zingabambeki kwakumtya omkhulu wokuloba okanye kwiminatha. Abalobi abangabandakanyekiyo ngqo kumsebenzi wokutsala kufuneka beme qelele kwisitsali ngawo onke amaxesha. Abalobi abasebenza ngesitsali kufuneka bakwazi ukusilawula ngokukhawuleza nangokulula.
Ukuba kwenzeka ukutsaleka okungaqhelekanga xa umtya wokuloba sele ulungiselelwe ukuloba , oku akunakulungiswa ngokunyenyisa isantya senqanawa, imithandelo eliqela yomtya wokuloba kufuneka iphoswe emanzini ngokukhawuleza okanye umtya kufuneka usikwe.
Abasebenzi abasebenza kwindawo ekufuphi nemisebenzi yokuphosa bakwimeko yengozi yokutsalelwa emanzini ngumtya omde wokuloba ('ophoswayo'). Kule ndawo kufuneka kufuneka uqeqesho lokusetyenziswa lunyanzeliswe kwaye abasebenzi abenza umsebenzi kufuneka baqeqeshwe ngokwaneleyo. Kufuneka kukho inkqubo yokuhlangula efanelekileyo kwimeko apho abasebenzi batsaleke emanzini. Aba basebenzi kufuneka banxibe izixhobo zokudada kwaye ezi zixhobo kufuneka ibe zivesti ezinamathela emzimbeni kwaye ibe luhlobo oluneziphu. Akufuneki mabhanti angabambiyo axhonywe kwindlela ' yokuphosa'.
Iziqu zeenjini namakhamandela ezisetyenziswa manqapha nqapha ingakumbi ukufumana kwakho imitya yokuloba ephinyeneyo kufuneka ikhangelwe ukuguga nokudleka phambi komsebenzi ngamnye.
Abalobi kufuneka babekwe kakuhle ukusuka komnye ukuya komnye kwiplatfomu yokuloba.
Abalobi akufunekanga bazijingajingise iintonga zabo zokuloba intlanzi enkulu ngokungenankathalo kodwa kufuneka baqwalasele indawo yabanye abantu kwaye baphephe ukuzonzakalisa ngeehaki ezibhabhayo. Kucetyiswa ukuba banxibe amehlo okhuseleko ukuphepha iingozi zamehlo ezibangelwa zihaki ezibhabhayo.
Ukuba umlobi uzifumanisa ukuba ukwingozi yokutsalelwa kwiplatfomu yokuloba yintlanzi enkulu kufuneka akhulule intonga yokuloba intlanzi. Kucetyiswa ukuba umlobi ngamnye kufuneka anikwe iimpahla zokhuseleko okanye intsontela ekufuneka ibambelele kwisikhuselo sesikhuselo esijikeleze isikhephe ngaphezulu xa esendaweni.
Xa intlanzi isehla kwaye ihaki azikhululeki, umlobi kufuneka angajikelezi ezama ukutsala intlanzi ngamandla kodwa kufuneka alinde abasebenzi abasemgangatho bayisusile.
Abathiyeli (Abaphosi bezithiyelo) kufuneka bazimise kumgangatho ofanelekileyo abalobi abangakwipali ende.
Xa kuvulelwa ukuhamba kwamanzi olwandle iitanki zokuthiyela ziyasetyenziswa, akukho mlobi kufuneka ahambe kwintanki nangayiphi injongo, umzekelo:ukuvala imingxuma yokuhamba kwamanzi olwandle, ngaphandle kokuba umncedisi ukhona kwaye ujongile.
Apho kukho iplatfomu yokuloba ende emxinwa abalobi akufuneki bayisebenzise njengengomgangatho wokungena enqanaweni.
Xa umlobi eyeka ukuloba kufuneka abauyele kwangoko kumgangatho wenqanawa.
Amanyathelo ezilumkiso kufuneka athathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo apho intlanzi yehla khona ihlanjwa njalo ngamanzi olwandle ukunqanda umgangatho ekubeni utyibilikise.
Ekuqangululeni, ekuhlambeni nasekubekeni intlanzi abalobi kufuneka baziqhelise ukubamba ngokufanelekileyo iintlobo zeentlanzi ukuphepha iingozi zezandla ezibangelwa ngamazinyo okanye imiqolo ebukhali yeentlobo ezithile.
Imicuntsu nokusikeka okwenziwe ngumqolo wentlanzi kufuneka kukhutshwe igazi kwaye alolongwe ngaphandle kokulibazisa kuba ezinye iingozi zingakhokelela kumanxeba anetyhefu kwaye abe buhlungu abe yinkathazo.
Abalobi akufanelekanga ukuba baphakamise iibhasikiti okanye iinkonkxa ezineentlanzi xa bephethe iimela okanye ezinye izixhobo ezibukhali.
Xa kuphathwa iibloko zeentlanzi ezikhenceziweyo abalobi kufuneka banxibe iiglavu zokhuseleko.
Abalobi akufunekanga basuse umkhence kumgangatho osezantsi kuba inxalenye ephezulu ingasuka kwaye ithi folokohlo phezu kwabo.
Njengokuba umkhence kwiindawo ekufakwe kuyo iintlanzi unganemingxuma ngaphakathi ngenxa yokunyibilika komkhence oseleyo, abalobi kufuneka bathathe izilumkiso zokungawi kumqulu womkhence okanye ukuthi folokohlo phezu kwayo.
Kwiimeko apho iintlanzi ipakishwa kwiinkokxa, iinkonkxa kufunekazonyusiwe zize zibekwe ngokuqamlezayo kwinqanawa ngendlela aye kunqanda ingozi yokuwa phantsi kwazo naziphi iimeko zolwandle.
Xa intlanzi ifakwa kwindawo yokufaka iintlanzi ingcamango iya kunikwa ukugcina ukufikelela okungenasithintelo kwiqula lemiphantsi yenqanawa kucacile.
Xa intlanzi ibekwa endaweni abalobi kufuneka babe nononophelo lokugcina ukufikeleleka okulula nokuphuma kwindawo ekufakwe kuyo iintlanzi.
Impahla yokhuseleko eyaneleyo kufuneka inxitywe xa kusetyenzwa kwindawo yokufaka intlanzi.
Abasebenzi akufunekanga banyathele kwisihambisi esishukumayo.
Inkathalo kufuneka ithathwe xa kususwa ulwala kumachibi okugcina. Inqanawa kufuneka ihambe kancinane xa zikhuselwa. Xa iintini zifunyenwe kwichibi lokugcina kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ziya koyika kwaye zingahlasela xa zixhalabile.
Ngexesha lokusebenza lo mzuzu inqanawa iselunxwe- meni kufuneka uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwenziwe kwaye kulungiswa nomatshini.
Injineli zenqanawa kufuneka zibe kanti ziyabazi bonke oomatshini abamelene nabo kwaye kufuneka baqwalesele ngokungqongqo nawuphina umqathango kunye nezicwangciso zokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ukulungisa, ukukhanda kunye nokuvavanya abomatshini.
Imiyalelo yalapho wenziwe khona ngokumayela nokusebenza ngokufaneleyo kunye nokulungisa kowona kunye nomatshini wokuncedisa iquka nemiyalelo yezibaso kunye ne-oyile yokuthambisa ekufuneka isetyenzisiwe kumelwe ukuba ibe ikhwelisiwe kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa naleliphi na ilungu leenjineli.
Ubiyelo okanye ugado kwindawo eziyingozi kufuneka ukuba lungasuswa xa abamatshini besebenza. Ubiyelo okanye ugado lungasuswa xa kulungiswa kwaye oomatshini abasebenzi bamile kwakugqitywa zibuyiselwe ngokukhawuleza okanye ngaphambi kokuba umatshini usetyenziswe.
Umphathi kufuneka angavumeli nokuba ngubani na ngaphandle komntu okwaziyo ukuthambisa, ukulungisa, ukucoca okanye ukulungisa umatshini ngelixesha usutyenziswayo. Xa umsebenzi onjalo kufuneka wenziwe kumele ukuba wenziwe ngumntu okwaziyo ukuwenza kwaye kufuneka athabathe onke amanyathelo okhuseleko ukwenzela ukuba anqande ingozi enokuthi yenzeke.
Mabangadunyiswa oomatshini de abe umntu lowo oza kudumisa umatshini uzanelisile ukuba akukho mntu osengozi osebenza okanye okulangingqi enomatshini. Kufuneka kuthatyathwe inkathalo eyodwa malunga nomatshini abasetyenziswa ngesixhobo sokulawula ukude.
Umntu osebenza kufutshane nomatshini osebenzayo kufuneka enxibe impahla esondeleyo kuye emzimbeni kungabikho ejingayo enjengamajikazi, iwotshi, izikhaxa zezitshixo okanye iinwele ezinde nezijingayo okanye nayo nayiphina into enokuthi ibanjwe zindawo ezijikelezayo zalo matshini.
Xa umatshini ethe wamiswa emiselwa ukulungiswa kufuneka kuthatyathwe amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukuba umatshini awuzokusuka ujikeleze ungalindelekanga.
Oomatshini abaqhubela phambili kunye negiyari yokuqhuba kufuneka zinqandwe zingashukumi xa zilungiswa.
Xa injini ijijwa ngesandla ngokusebenzisa umphambo wevili, umphambo kufuneka ubanjwe ngobhontsi wesisandla sibambileyo ukwenzela ukuba ukhusele ivili lingajiki libuyele umva.
Izikhuseli zomlilo eziyintsimbi ezifakwe kwimibhobho yokuphumelisa kufuneka igcinwe icocekile.
Omatshini abangasebenzanga, amacutswana ezixhobo ezinzima okanye nayiphina into enjalo kufuneka ingashiywa esithubeni ngoba hleze yonzakalisa ilungu elisebenza enqanaweni kufuneka zibekwe kude kwindawo ekhuselekileyo ukunqanda intshukumo eyingozi kulwandle oluza ngamandla.
Imigangatho yegumbi lenjini, ileli eziya nezivela kwigumbi lenjini, indawo zokubambela, amagqudu okulawula kunye nayo yonke eminye imigangatho apho abasebenzi benqanawa balindelekileyo ukuba bangene khona kwaye bahambe khona kufuneka ukuba igcinwe ingena-oli ngamaxesha onke.
Emva kokusebenza ngaphantsi komgangatho wegumbi lenjini kufuneka uwubuyisele kakuhle umgangatho lowo.
Ngaphambi kokuba ulinge ukusebenza kwisivalo okanye nasiphina isixhobo esisebenza ngaphantsi koxinezelelo qinisekisa ukuba olo xinezelelo luthonyalalisiwe okanye lukhutshiwe. Kwimeko ezithandabuzisayo, amaqhosha akhuselayo kufuneka akhululwe kancinci kwaye nokudibana kwawo kwaphulwe ngaphambi kokuqhubekeka.
I-alamu zangaphantsi kwenqanawa kunye nezivalo ezingabuyiswayo kufuneka zivavanywe rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyasebenza ngokupheleleyo.
viii Ukunqanda ukunzokala emehlweni okunokuthi kwenzeke nokubakho komphunga ngenxa yokudubula kweglasi kufuneka izikhuseli kunye nezivali ezigquma iglasi kufuneka zisoloko zisendaweni xa isibilisi siphantsi koxinzelelo.
Isixhobo sokutsala okanye esokunyusa kufuneka sisetyenziswe ngumntu okwaziyo ukusisebenzisa.
Zonke intambo ezisebenzayo nezixhobo ezayanyaniswayo kufuneka zihlolwe kwaye zivavanywe ngumntu okwaziyo ukuhlola nokuvavanya, umrhwebi onegunya ubuncinane kanye kwinyanga ezilushumi elinambini. Umhloli onegunya kufuneka akhuphe isatifiketi kunye nengxelo yovavanyo kumphathi.
Zonke intambo ezisetyenziswayo nezixhobo ezayanyaniswa nook kufuneka zigcinwe zimeko entle nesebenzayo.
Abalobi kufuneka bayaziswe ingozi kwaye baqandwe ekulingeni ukuphamisa imithwalo emikhulu ngokuthi bayijije kakhulu intambo okanye ucingo kwigogogo eligoso.
Intambo okanye intsontela ezibophelela inqanawa kufuneka zisiwe kwisixhobo sokutsala kwicala elingena kutyibilika kakhulu. Kodwa kufuneka zingasiwa ngesandla.
Xa imichako ejijekileyo ekwisixhobo sokutsala itshintshiwe kufuneka zinobude nomlinganiselo obulungileyo ukwenzela ukuba igogogo lesixhobo sokutsala likwazi ukubuthwala bonke ubude. Xa intsontela ithe yakhululeka yonke imijijo emithathu kufuneka ishiyeke ibhijelwe egogogweni.
Ibriki zesixhobo sokutsala kufuneka zigcinwe zikwimeko elungileyo kwaye zisebenze ngaphandle kokubamba, zingangxoli okanye zityibilike.
Imiqathango yokulawula sixhobo sokutsala kufuneka ibekwe endaweni ebonakalayo okanye ecaleni kwaso.
Intsontela esetyenziselwa ukunyusa kunye nemijijo kufuneka ingcinwe ikwimeko elungileyo nefanele ukusebenza. Kufuneka zingabinamaqhina, indawo ezigobileyo okanye eziqhawukileyo. Apho intambo iphela khona kufuneka isikiwe okanye iqhushekwe ukukhusela intambo ekuthini ikhululeke yonke.
Iziqobo nemiqulu kufuneka igcinwe ithanjiswe kakuhle kwaye yonke imixokelelwano esetyenziswe ngaphezulu kufuneka ibe zezitshixwayo okanye zifakwe kangengento yokuba ayinakukhululeka.
Imithwalo kufuneka ikhweliswe kakuhle ezintanjeni kwaye imixhuzulo engalindelekanga kufuneka inqandiwe.
Phambi kokuba wonyuswe okanye ikhweliswe imithwalo ezintanjeni ngentloko zentsontela ejijekileyo intambo kufuneka intambo ibanjwe iqine ezandleni ngaphambi kokuba ibekwe kwintloko zomjijo. Uqwalaselo olulodwa kufuneka lunikwe kwimijijo ukuqinisekisa ukuba intloko zawo aziphambani.
Abaqhubi besixhobo sokunyusa kufuneka bangazishiyi zodwa ziduma okanye zinomthwalo omisiweyo.
Abaqhubi besixhobo sokunyusa kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba wonke umntu umele kude nendawo enengozi ngaphambi kokuba kukhweliswe umthwalo.
Imithwalo enyusiweyo okanye eyehliswayo kufuneka ingagqithiswa phezu komntu okanye ishiywe ijinga phezu komntu.
Intsontela eziphelileyo kufuneka zibuyiselwe ngokukhawuleza.
Ufakelo lwezikhenkcezisi kunye nezilungisi-moya kufuneka zilungiswe kakuhle kwaye zihlolwe rhoqo ngumntu okwaziyo ukuzihlola nokuzilungisa.
Xa isixhobo somoya oxinzelweyo sisebenza unyibiliko kufuneka lukhutshwe kwindawo ezikhupha umoya kunye naphakathi kwezibandisi. Izikhuphi ezikwindawo ekhongoza umoya oxinzelweyo kufuneka zisetyenzwe phantse ngawo onke amaxesha kwaye nezihluzi zomoya kufuneka zicociwe rhoqo.
Izivalo zokukhusela kuyo yonke imikrozo enoxinzelelo kufuneka ilungiswe kakuhle, ihlolwe, ivavanywe kwaye ukuba kufanelekile kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ngumntu okwaziyo ukukwenza oko rhoqo ngamathuba athile.
Isilinda ephethe irhasi exinzelweyo okanye enyibilikisiweyo kufuneka ibhalwe ngokucacileyo.
Kungayingozi kakhulu ukubeka isilinda ephethe irhasi enokuvutha okanye eyingozi kwikompatimenti ngaphandle kwendawo ezenzelwe oko kwaye ezitshixwayo.
Iisilinda kufuneka zibekwe endaweni ekhuselekileyo ngokuthi zibotshelelwe kwindawo ephakamileyo okanye emthebelele. Izikhuseli kufuneka zingabotshelelwa kwiziciko zezivalo okanye nakuyiphi na into efakelweyo.
Izivalo zesilinda kufuneka zivalisiswe xa ingasetyenziswa okanye ithe yanomonakalo othile.
I-oli okanye isithambisi mazingasetyenziswa kwisilinda ezinomongo-moya okanye kwindawo ezifakiweyo.
Naphantsi kwazo naziphina imeko umongo-moya oxinzelweyo kufuneka ungasetyenziswa endaweni yomoya oxinzelweyo ekudumiseni injini okanye oomatshini.
Iisilinda mazingasuswa iziciko zokuvala zingabekwa kakuhle endaweni yazo.
Makuthatyathwe inkathalo xa kuhanjiswa iisilinda ukunqanda ukuba zingawi.
Ngumntu okwaziyo noqeqeshiweyo kuphela omake fakele okanye akhuphe okanye alungise izixhobo zombane.
Indawo zombane kufuneka zithatyathwe njengezisebenzayo de kube kuqinisekiswe ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo ukuba azisebenzi.
Zonke izixhobo zombane eziphathekayo (zonke izixhobo ezifakwa kwintambo etsalekayo nesuka kwindawo yeplagi engama-48 ukuya kuma-500V) kufuneka zikhangelwe ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga zikhangelwa ngumntu okwaziyo noqeqeshelwe ukwenza oko enika ingqwalesela eyodwa Kwimeko kwintambo zamandla kunye nokuhlangana kwazo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sikulungele ukusetyenziswa.
Izixhobo eziphathekayo zombane eziphumela ngaphandle nezinokuthi zifunyanwe zimeko zemozulu kufuneka zikhuselwe ekufumeni nasekuruseni kunye nokumoshokala komatshini.
Izibane zombane eziphathekayo kufuneka zisetyenziswe xa izibane ezenzelwe ukukhanyisa zingasebenziyo. Kufuneka zikhangeliwe ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziswe kakhulu kujongwa intambo ezonakeleyo kunye noqhagamshelwano olunokuba lonakele. Kufuneka kusetyenziswe izibane ezenzelwe ukuphathwa nezikwimeko efanele ukusetyenziswa. Xa umsebenzi uza kwenziwa kwimeko ezinokubangela udubulo kufuneka kusetyenziswe izibane eziqinisekiswe ukuba zikulungele ukusebenza phantsi kwemeko ezinjalo.
Zonke izixhobo zombane kufuneka zibotshwe okanye zikhuselwe kakuhle. Umonakalo wombane kufuneka ungavunyelwa ukuba wenzeke rhoqo kufuneka ulungisiwe ngokukhawuleza.
Ibhokisi egcina isipoponi somlilo wombane okanye indawo ezinezipoponi zombane kufuneka zikhangelwe rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kusetyenziswa izipoponi ezinomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo. Izipoponi zombane kufuneka zingahlanganiswa kwaye kufuneka kusetyenziswa izipoponi ezinomlinganiselo wombane ofanele londlela yombane. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwinjini nakwindawo zombane kufuneka izipoponi zombane zishiywe zivulekile kwaye zibhalwe isaziso esithi: 'INGOZI. Kuyasetyenzwa kulendawo. Nceda ungaphathi!'
Abantu abasebenzi ngombane kufuneka bame phezu kwento okanye ibhodi ekhaba okanye engatsali umbane.
Ukuqhushumba okugqithisileyo kwisixhobo sokujika umbane, ubushushu obugqithisileyo kwinjini, komatshini bokwenza umbane, iqosha lokucima nokulayita umbane, intambo, izipoponi zombane njl.njl kufuneka zilungiswe ngoko nangoko.
Onke amanyathelo anokusebenza nanengqiqo kufuneka ethatyathiwe ukunqanda umphunga, amanzi okanye ukungcola okunokuthi kudibane nebhokisi enezixhobo ezininzi zokuvula nokucima umbane, komatshini bokwenza umbane, kwinjini kunye nakwezinye izixhobo zombane.
Kufuneka kusetyenziswe isidibanisi esivunyiwe ukudibanisa umbane wezixhobo eziphathekayo.
Ukutshaya akuvumelekanga, nemilio evuthayo kunye nokudaleka kwemililwana edubulayo kufuneka inqandwe kufutshane nendawo egcina ibhetri zombane.
Izixhobo zesandla kufuneka zibe zenziwe ngezinto ezikuhlobo oluphezulu kwaye nokwenziwa kwazo kube kulungile zigcinwe zikwimeko ekhuselekileyo yokusebenza.
Izixhobo zesandla kufuneka zihlolwe rhoqo ngumntu okwaziyo noqeqeshelwe ukwenza oko kwaye izixhobo ezonakeleyo kufuneka zibuyiswe ngoko nangoko okanye zilungiswe. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezimoshakeleyo akuvumelekanga (umz. Isitshwezi esinentloko engathi likhowa okanye ihamile enendawo ezichachambileyo).
Abalobi kufuneka bagcine zonke izixhobo zicocekile, basebenzise isixhobo esifanele lomsebenzi kwaye bagcine izixhobo zokusika zibukhali kwaye zigcinwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo xa singasetyenziswa.
Iziphatho zemela kufuneka zenziwe ukulungiselela ukuba isandla singatyibilikeli ekutyeni kwemela okanye kule ndawo esikayo yemela.
Imela ezinecala lokusika elivulekileyo, amahaki entlanzi, uqalo olunogwegwe lokukhupha iintlanzi ezilotyiweyo emanzini kunye nazo naziphina ezinye izinto ezibukhali kufuneka zifihliwe okanye zibekwe endaweni ekhuselekileyo xa zingasetyenziswa.
Izixhobo zokusebenza akufuneki zishiywe zilele nje esithubeni, ezinjengentonga zentsimbi njl.njl., kwigumbi lenjini okanye naphina ngaphezulu. Kufuneka zibekwe ezibhokisini, kumabhakethi, ezingxoweni okanye izinto zokuphatha ezifana nezi ukuzinqanda ekuweni nasekonzakaliseni abantu abagqithayo okanye abame ngaphantsi kwazo.
Thoba izixhobo ngokusebenzisa isithobi.
Xa isikhonkwana sisetyenziselwe ukunyusa nayiphina into kufuneka sijijelwe satshona ukuya kufika entanyeni. Isikhonkwane eside kakhulu kufuneka singasetyenziswa.
Izixozi ezibandayo kunye nezinto zokugqobhoza xa ziphethwe kufuneka zibanjwe phakathi kobhontsi kunye nomnwe wokwalatha emphakathini wesandla zijekelwe ngasesiphathweni.
Sisipanele okanye isijiji esifanele lomsebenzi emasisetyenziswe. Kufuneka eso sipanele okanye isijiji kufuneka sibekwimeko elungileyo yokusebenza singabinazindawo ezikrazukileyo kwimihlathi yaso nekufanele ukuba ilingane ncam nesikhonkwane.
Akufuneki kusetyenziswe isijijo komatshini oshukumayo. Izixhobo kufuneka zisusiwe ngaphambi kokuba ube umatshini uyadunyiswa kwakhona kwakugqitywa ukusetyenzwa.
Izixhobo zesandla kufuneka zisetyenziselwe oko bezimelwe ukusetyenziselwa kona.
Ukukhandwa kwamaqweqwe aqinileyo ezixhobo, oomatshini kufuneka kungavunyelwa ngaphandle kokuba kufanelekile kulo msebenzi wenziwayo ngela xesha. Apho kumelwe ukuba kukhandwe kufuneka umntu owenza lomsebenzi enxibe impahla zokuzikhusela ingakumbi izikhuseli zamehlo ezikhusela kwizinto ezinokuthi zitake xa ekhanda intsimbi.
Imiyalelo yokhuseleko malunga nokusetyenziswa kwemililo-tsolo nasekulungiseni nasekusikeni itotshi kufanelwe ukuba ilandelwe ngenkathalo kunye nemisebenzi edibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezinjalo kufuneka yenziwe phantsi kweliso elibukhali lomntu okwaziyo noqeqeshelwe oko.
Imibhobho yomongo-moya akufuneki naphantsi kwazo naziphina imeko ilungiswe okanye ihlanganiswe ngezihlanganisi ezenziwe ngobhedu okanye umxube wezinyithi ethi ibe namasuntswana obhedu.
Abalobi kufuneka bangakwenzi ukutywina ngelothe, ukudibanisa okanye umsebenzi ofana nalo oshushu kumatanki okanye ezinye izikhongozeli eziphethe izinto ezivuthayo okanye iasidi okanye izikhongozeli ezingasenanto kodwa beziphethe izivuthisi kunye neasidi.
izixhobo ezikhweliswe enqanaweni kufuneka zihloliwe nanjengoko Umthetho Wezempilo Nezomsebenzi kunye Nokhuseleko usitsho.
Kufuneka impahla zokuzikhusela zinxityiwe ngawo onke amaxesha usebenzisa izixhobo.
Imibhobho kufuneka ikhangelwe indawo ezigobileyo kwaye ingabi yingozi yokuwisa.
Umntu omele kwendlela zokusebenza komongo-moya kufuneka eqinisekile ukuba axinzelelo lwawo alukho ngaphezu kwe-asithalini ukunqanda ukuba iasithalini ingadibani okanye yehlela kumgca womongo-moya.
Xa kukhangelwa isixhobo ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenzwe, qiniseka ukuba izicimi mlilo zibekwe kwindawo ezinokufumaneka kuzo kunye nezivalo ezingajijekiyo zikwitotshi.
Indlela ezikhuselekileyo kunye nendlela zokubaleka kufuneka zinikhutshiwe kwaye zigciniwe ukuya nokubuya endaweni zokusebenza.
Indlela zokubaleka kufuneka zibhalwe ngokucacileyo.
Abantu kufuneka banxibe impahla efanelekileyo nesondeleyo xa besebenza ngomatshini.
Inkathalo kufuneka yenziwe xa abasebenzi kufuneka besebenze kwindawo yamalahle neoli enqanaweni ekufunyanwa kuyo intlanzi. Impahla zokuzikhusela ekuhlatyweni ngamathambo omqolo entlanzi kufuneka zinxityiwe kwaye kufunekwa kubekwe iliso elingqongqo.
Ukukhanya okwaneleyo kunye nomoya kufuneka kukhona kwindawo yokusebenzela.
Izibane zengozi ezibekwe kwindawo ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zihloliwe rhoqo.
Umphezulu kufuneka uhlanjwe rhoqo ukunqanda ukuba kungabikho udaka nobuncangathi. Amanzi akufunekanga abe maninzi.
Xa kuthe kwafuneka, intonga zentsimbi ezinqamlezileyo zokukhusela ifestile kufuneka zinganikwa abasebenzi ekufuneka beme kwindawo zokusebenza.
Zonke intonga zentsimbi ezinqamlezileyo zokukhusela ifestile zangaphezulu kufuneka zigcinwe zikwimeko eyakukhusela ukutyibilika ngengozi.
Ukhuselo olungamandla kufuneka lwenziwe kakhulu xa indawo zokusebenza okanye ezikufutshane neebhokisi zombane zithe zakhukuliswa.
Apho kukwazekayo kufuneka zonke izixhobo ezibukhali kunye nomatshini abashukumayo kufuneka befakwe izikhuseli ukwenzela ukuba kungabikho zingozi zenzekayo kubasebenzi. Ukutya kwemela kufuneka kukhangelwe rhoqo ukukhangela iimpawu zokugoba kwaye kufakwe ezintsha xa kuyimfuneko.
Oomatshini bokwenza intlanzi kufuneka bafakwe iziqhoboshi bokuzicimela ngexesha lengozi kwindawo apho umsebenzi akuyo. Isithuthi ngasinye kufuneka sinolawulo lwaso olusoloko lufumaneka ngawo onke amaxesha kwindawo zokusebenzela kwaye ulawulo olo kufuneka lujongiwe ngelixesha kusetyenzwayo.
Izinto zokupakisha kunye nezikhongozelo ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina izinto zentlanzi ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo ezenzelwe oko. Ezizikhongozeli kunye nezinto zokupakisha kufuneka zingaphazamisani nendlela yokhuseleko kunye nezokubaleka kwabasebenzi kwindawo zokusebenzela.
Izikhenkcezisi ezidubulayo kunye nezinto zokufaka intlanzi kufuneka zikhutshwe ngendlela zokubaleka okanye zibe nendlela yealamu.
Imingxunya yokuphuma amanzi ngaphezulu esikhepheni aqokeleleke emgangathweni wenqanawa kufuneka akwazi ukuvaleka umntu engekho kumngangatho wenqanawo. Xa kuthe kwakho impompo efakwe ngaphantsi kwenqanawa kufuneka kubekho enye indlela yokupompa eyenziweyo.
Umntu okhwelisa okanye okhupha intlanzi kwindawo zokugcina intlanzi kufuneka eme kude kwesinyusi. Akukho mntu ekufuneka esebenze kwindawo zokubamba intlanzi engekho phantsi kweliso okanye kogado.
Impahla ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela kufuneka zinxitywe ngabasebenzi abasebenzi kwindawo ezibandayo.
Iminyango engangeni manzi Watertight doors, umphakathi wenqanawa kunye nombilini wombhobho wokukhupha impahla kufuneka ivaliwe xa inqanawa ingenamntu oyigadileyo.
Ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo nabanamava okanye abaqeqeshiweyo ekufuneka bajongane nomatshini.
Ukutshaya kufuneka kungavunyelwa kwindawo ekumelwe ukuba kungatshaywa kuzo apho kukho izinto ezinokuthi zivuthe apho kubekwe izinto zokupakisha. Imipapasho echazela ukuba abantu bangatshayi kwezondawo kufuneka ibekwe ngokucacileyo nokubonakalayo.
Imithwalo kunye nomoya kwizityalo zokutya kwentlanzi nezibamba intlanzi kufuneka zibekumlinganiselo wengeniso enokuvutha.
Amanzi awoneleyo amatsha okusela kufuneka abekhona ngexesha lokusebenza ukwenzela unxano olunokubakho xa kusetyenzwa.
Ukonzakala kwamehlo kusoloko kubangelwa ngamaqhekeza esinyithi, ipeyinti okanye ezinye izixhobo ezinobungozi kwaye ukwenzakalo soloko kunobungozi. Abalobi kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha banxibe amehlo okukhusela xa besenza umsebenzi ofana nokuxoza/nokucebula irusi okanye ipeyinti, ukususa amaxolo, ukusebenzisa isixholo, ukulola izixhobo, ukubamba ikhemikhali, okanye ukusebenza ngeebatri ezigciniweyo zombane.
Impahla yokusebenza kufuneka yanele umzimba kangangoko, akufunekanga kubekho imisonto ejingayo, okanye amaqhosha ezibhrukhweni. Iipokotho ukuba zikhpo kufuneka zibe mbalwa kwaye zibe ncinane kangangoko.
Abalobi kufuneka banxibe izihlangu ezifanele umsebenzi owenziwayo kwaye zibe kwimeko efanelekileyo. Ubunzima bezihlangu zolwandle ezinobungozi kwimeko yomntu owele emanzini kufuneka kuchazelwe bonke abasebenzi.
Impahla yokhuseleko esetyenziswa kumgangatho kufuneka ibe nemibala eqaqambileyo/ebonakala kakhulu.
Iifaskoti kufuneka zinxitywe kufutshane neenxalanye zikamatshini ojikelezayo okanye ezinyanyathwayo okanye kwiimoto zombane.
Amadoda asebenza ngaphezulu okanye ecaleni kufuneka enxibe amabhanti okhuseleko okanye impahla yonke yokubophelela. Izixhobo zokhuseleko kufuneka zihloliwe kwaye zikhangelwe phambi kokuba zisetyenziswe.
Xa kukhethwa iiglavu zokusebenza kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kubungozi okuza kusetyenzwa phantsi kwabo kwaye kufuneka iminwe, izandla kunye/okanye izihlahla zishukume ngokukhululekileyo.
Kufuneka kunxitywe kuphela izixhobo zokuphefumla eziziqulatheleyo, izigcina-ntloko zomsi, amagxulusha omsi okanye uhlobo lwamagxulusha oluvunyiweyo ngumphathi onegunya ukuzikhusela ekuphefumleni umsi, ukuqhuma, iigesi, umphunga nothuli oluyingozi empilweni. Abalobi kufuneka bafundiswe ngendlela eyiyo phambi kokuba kufunwe basebenzise ezo zixhobo.
Ingqalelo yabalobi kufuneka itsalelwe kwiimpembelelo ezinobungozi zomgangatho wengxolo ephezulu kwigumbi lenjini nakwiimethodi ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa ezo mpembelelo. Iindawo ezinengxolo ephezulu kufuneka ziboniswe ngeempawu ezifanelekileyo.
Abasebenzi okanye abanini kufuneka baqalise uhlolo oluyingozi lomsebenzi oza kwabiwa kwaye bamisele impahla zabasebenzi zokhuseleko ezifuneka kubalobi ukuba ingozi inokuphetshwa. Apho izixhobo zokhuseleko lwabasebenzi zikhutshiweyo, izizathu zokukhutshwa kwazo, iingozi ekunokuqutyiswana nazo xa zingenakusetyenziswa kufuneka zibonisiwe.
Apho izixhobo zokhuseleko zabasebenzi zikhutshiweyo yimfanelo yomphathi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyasetyenziswa xa kuyimfuneko.
Indawo yokugcina eyaneleyo nekhuselekileyo kufuneka kubonelelwe ngayo ukuphepha ukonakala kwesixhobo sokhuseleko.
Iipeyinti eziqulathe i-arseniki kufuneka zingasetyenziswa nakweyiphi iimeko kwiindawo zngaphakathi zokuhlala.
Iipeyinti, iivanishi namalungiselelo ngenitroselulosi okanye naziphi iziseko ezinokutsha okuphezulu okufuneki zisetyenziswe kwiindawo zangaphakathi.
Abalobi kufuneka basuse ipeyinti ezandleni zabo phambi kokuba batye kwaye kufuneka banxibe iiglavu zokhuseleko okanye bathambise amafutha okuthintela xa bepeyinta.
Abalobi abasebenzisa umtshizo wepeyinti kufuneka banxibe izikhuselo zokuphefumla ezifana namagxulusha okanye izihluzo.
Xa iindawo zangaphakathi okanye iikompatimenti ezivaliweyo ezifana iitanki ezinzima zokuzinzisa inqanawa, iitanki zentlanzi, amazantsi aphindiweyo, imiphambili nemiva yenchochoyi kufuneka iphindwe ipeyintwe, zonke iigesi ezinobungozi kufuneka kuqala zikhutshwe kuze kuvulwe iindawo okanye iikompatimenti kungene kwaye kuphume umoya.
Ukungenisa nokukhupha umoya kufuneka kugcinwe xa kupeyintwa.
Apho kusetyenziswa ipeyinti etshisayo ngaphakathi, Kufuneka ezi ndawo zigenise kwaye zikhuphe umoya ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibane ezingagqunywanga okanye umsi akufunekanga zivunyelwe ide ibe yomile ipeyinti.
Xa inqanawa yokuloba iselwandle umsebenzi osecaleni kufuneka wenziwe kuphela kwiimeko zexesha likaxakeka. Kwezo meko kufuneka kunxitywe ababhanti okhuseleko okanye impahla yokhuseleko kwaye kufuneka kukho nendoda yesibini.
Abalobi akufunekanga benze umsebenzi osecaleni phakathi kweenqanawa ezibotshelelwe emacaleni kwaye ekufuphi kwibrorho okanye kwisithulelo senqanawa ngaphandle kokuba izilumkiso zithathiwe.
Izilumkiso zokhuseleko zabalobi kufuneka zithathwe ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba bekhwele kwimivalo okanye kudonga lokhuseleko xa beloba okanye besenza umsebenzi kwiminatha. Impahla yokhuseleko okanye amabhanti kufuneka anxitywe.
Ikhemikhali kufuneka zibanjwe ngenkathalo nangemiyalelo ukuze kuphetshwe ingozi enokwenzeka emehlweni nakwisikhumba.
Iikompatimenti ebezivalwe ixesha elide ezifana neetaki zamanzi, isithintelo samanzi okanye amazantsi aphindiweyo, kufuneka ekhangelwe kwaye kufunyaniswe ukuba akukho gesi kwaye kukho i-oksijini eyaneleyo phambi kokuba kungavunyelwa nabani angene ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokuphefumla ezivunyiweyo. Imigca yokhuseleko kufuneka isetyenziswe njalo xa kulungeno lokuqala kwiindawo ezenziweyo, kufuneka nendoda yesibini ikho. Inkampani kufuneka inenkqubo esemgangathweni ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo ikhuselekile phambi kokuba kungenwe kwaye kufuneka oko kuvunywe ngumntu onegunya.
izixhobo zabo zokhuseleko kufuneka zinxitywe.
Ukusebenza kwindawo yentonga yentsimbi kanomathotholo okanye izixhobo ezibonisa inqanawa inobungozi ngenxa yengozi evela kusasazo lwemitha nakwintshukumo yokusingasinga ngerada. Imvume kufuneka ifunyanwe kumntu owongamele ibrorho phambi kokuba umsebenzi onjalo wenziwe kwaye iingcingwana zomjikelezo kufuneka zisuswe ukwenzela ukuba isixhobo singasebenzi.
Iindawo eziqhuyiselwayo akufunekanga ziphinde zingenwe ngaphandle kokuba abantu abanegunya lokuqhumisela baqinisekisile ukuba onke amalungu afanelekileyo enqanawa akhuselekile.
Abalobi akufunekanga ukuba kufunwe basebenze amaxesha amade kwindawo ezinamaqondo obushushu asezantsi abandayo. Ubude baloo maxesha kufuneka bunxulumane nokugqithisa kwamaqondo obushushu obuviwayo.
Amacango akhokelela kwiindawo ezibandayo kufuneka akhiwe ngendlela eya kuthi avuleke kwelinye icala.
bafumane isiqinisekiso kwiSAMSA esivunywe ngugqirha ukuba ukusebenza kwakhe ebusuku kuyilungele imeko yakhe.
Abaphathi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba iinqanawa zabo ziyazithobela iimfuno ezichazwe kwiziqinisekiso zokhuseleko ezisenqanaweni, ezimiselwe ngumphathi onegunya, isikhitshana, iphenyane, isangqa onokubambelela kuso xa usengozini yokutshona, iibhatyi ezinxitywayo ukuba ungatshoni kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumene nenani labalobi abasenqanaweni kwakunye nendawo apho inqanawa iloba khona.
Isikhitshana , amaphenyane okuhlangula, amaphenyane akwinqanawa kufuneka zifikeleleke ngokukhawuleza kwixesha likaxakeka jonga kwakho kumhlathi 7.3.
ucwangciso lwesikhitshana ngasinye nephenyane kufuneka kubekwe ngendlela engasayi kuphazamisa imisebenzi yezinye izikhitshana.
Zonke izixhobo zokusindisa ubomi kufuneka kugcinwe kwimeko elungileyo kwaye kufumaneke kusetyenziso olukhawulezileyo. Isixhobo kufuneka sikhangelwe phambi kokuba inqanawa ishiye izibuko kwaye ngamanye amaxesha xa ihamba inqanawa.
Isixhobo sokusindisa ubomi kufuneka kuhlolwe kwisithuba esilungeleleneyo ngokweemfuno zomphathi onegunya.
Amaphenyane kufuneka zinemiyalelo yokusebenza ngolwimi lwabasebenzisi. Olu lwazi kufuneka lwandiswe ngemizobo nezazobe.
kufuneka zikhangelwe njalo ukuvavanya ukuqinisa nokwehlisa intsebenzo-matshini kwaye unobangela kufuneka ufakwe kwincwadi yengxelo yeziganeko okanye zirekhodishwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye iijini kufuneka apho zifakwe khona zivavanywe rhoqo kwaye zigcinwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Izikhongozelo zamaphenyane ezinokuzaliswa kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo apho zifikeleleke ngokulula nokokuba isimo sezulu sibi kwaye zibekho ngawo onke amaxesha. The lashing kwisikhongozelo sephenyane akufunekanga kudlule kwiimfuno zomphathi onegunya.
Abapeyinti bamaphenyane kufuneka bakhuselwe kwinanawa okanye kwimeko apho ukuchithwa kwehayidrostatiki kwenziweyo, ukwenza buthathaka unxulumano lokuchitha.
Iibhatyi ezinxitywa ukuba ungatshoni emanzini kufuneka ibe luhlobo oluvunywe ngumphathi onegunya kwaye kufuneka zikhangelwe njalo.
Iibhatyi ezinxitywa ukuba ungatshoni kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo ezinokufikeleleka ngokukhawuleza kwaye indawo leyo kufuneka iboniswe ngokucacileyo.
Ukunxitywa kweebhatyi ezinxitywa ukuba ungatshoni kufuneka zikhangelwe kuthambo ngalunye ukuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi ngamnye uyakwazi ukunxiba ibhatyi ngokufanelekileyo. Imizobo ebonisa inkqubo efanelekileyo kufuneka iboniswe.
uluhlu lombutho kufuneka lubonise imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kwaye kufuneka ingakumbi lubonise izikhululo apho ilungu ngalinye kufuneka liye khona kunye nemisebenzi ekufuneka eyenzile.
uluhlu lombutho kufuneka luchaze imiqondiso eqinisekileyo yokubizela abasebenzi kwisikhitshana sabo okanye iphenyane kwaye kufuneka kunikwe iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zale miqondiso.
g ukusebenzisa iisuti zomlilo nezixhobo zokuphefumla.
Imibutho yabasebenzi yoqheliso lwenqanawa kufuneka ibe sezibukweni naselwandle kwisithuba esimisiweyo. Olu qheliso kufuneka luqinisekise ukuba abasebenzi baqonda ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye luyenziwa kwimisebenzi abayenzayo yokubamba nokusebenzisa zonke izixhobo zokusindisa ubomi. Iibhatyi ezinxitywayo kufuneka zinxitywe ngexesha lokuhlangana. Abalobi kufuneka baqeqeshwe ekwenzeni nasekusebenziseni izixhobo zikanomathotholo ophathekayo xa kufuneka kwenziwe oko.
Izaziso ezithi 'akutshaywa' mazixhonywe kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo, kwaye nemithetho ethintela ukutshaya mayinyanzelwe ngqongqo.
kufuphi neebhetri ezonga umbane.
Abalobi mabalumkswe bangatshayi kummandla, kuba imililo enobungozi iqala ngolu hlobo.
Umlilo lolona tshaba lunengozi kwiinqanawa ngoko ke imiqathango ethintela ukutshaya mayiqatshelwe ngqongqo. Umdiza otshaywayo nomlilo mazingalahlwa kwintunja zenqanawa, okanye kwiindawo apho zingaqala lula umlilo. Izikhongozelo ezifanelekileyo mazibekho zisetyenziswe. Umdiza otshaywayo namalahle athi alahlwe emanzini, ikakhulu ziphetshethwa ngumoyazibuyele enqanaweni, zidale umlilo. Abalobi mabakhunjuzwe rhoqo ukuba baqaphele ukhuseleko lwabo nolwenqanawa. Ngoko ke kukho izizathu ezibalulekileyo zokuthintela ukutshaya kwiindawo ezithile.
Ukuba kunokwenzeka makubekho amagumbi kawonke-wonke alungiselwe iintshayi nabo bangatshayiyo. Amagumbi okutyela neendawo zokuzonwabisa mazibhengezwe njengeendawo ekungatshaywa kuzo.
v ukuthathwa kwezilumkiso ngabalobi xa besenza umsebenzi obandakanya iingozi zomlilo ezilindelekileyo.
Izixhobo zokulwa umlilo kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha zigcinwe kwindawo efanelekileyo, zigcinwe kwimeko efanelekileyo yokusebenza kwaye zifumaneke ekusetyenzisweni ngokukhawulezileyo.
Uhlobo olufanelekileyo lokucima umlilo kufuneka lubekwe kufuphi nendawo okanye indawo ekhuselwayo.
Izicima-mlilo kufuneka zikhangelwe njalo kwaye zilungiswe ukuqinisekisa ukuba zikwimeko yokusebenza efanelekileyo kwaye zizaliswe zize zilebhulwe. Apho kuyimfuneko ukuba kuphinde kuzaliswe okanye amasalela ezicima-mlilo kufuneka zibekho ngokukhawuleza.
Xa isicima-mlilo sikhuphe ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxalenye kufuneka siphinde sizaliswe okanye sitshintshwe ngokukhawuleza.
Izaziso ezilumkisa ngeengozi ezinokubangelwa kukutshaya, kukuqhwithwa kwematshisi okanye ukuphatha isibane esingagqunyangwa kwigumbi lenjini okanye kufutshane namatanki okanye imigqomo.
Inkathalo enkulu kufuneka ithathiwe ukugcina imiphantsi yeenqanawa, impahla eyenziwe ngamaplanga okanye ezinye izixhobo ezinentunjana zikhululekile kwiimveliso zepetroliyamu. Ukubaluleka kokugcina indlu kwinqanawa akunakugxininiswa ngaphezulu.
Iimpahla neetawuli akufunekanga zishiywe zingajongwanga ecaleni kwezibane okanye izifudumezi. Amadlavu nezinye izixhobo ezitshayo kufuneka zithintelwe zingaqhagamshelani nomphunga, I-oyile eshushu okanye neendawo eza kuthi xhaxhe kuyo amanzi kwinqanawa okanye iindawo ezishushu ngenxa yengozi yokutsha okuzenzekelayo. Amadlavu ane-oyile akufunekanga ashiywe elahlwe nje kufuneka alahlwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Izixhobo zezibane ukuquka nezigqumathelo akufunekanga zibhucabhucwe. Isibane akufunekanga sipeyintwe okanye sigqunywe ngelaphu ukuzama ukwenza isikhuselo-kukhanya.
Izixhobo ezine-oyile kufuneka zigcinwe ziqinisiwe ukuze i-oyile okanye imiphunga yazo ungaphumi. Iitreyi zokuthontsizelwa zesinyithi kufuneka kubonelelwe ngazo apho kuyimfuneko.
Kufuneka kusetyenziswe kuphela iintlobo zezibane zombane ezivunyiweyo xa kuhlolwa iinjini, iitanki ze-oyile nemiphantsi yeenqanawa kwiindawo ezinomatshini.
Isikhongozelo esinento enokuphuma umphunga onokuvutha akufunekanga nakweyiphi imeko sibekwe kwindawo ehlala abasebenzi okanye kwiikhompatimenti apho izibane ezinamadangatye angaphandle okanye izidibanisi zombane zisetyenziswayo.
Zizidibanisi ezivunyiweyo kuphela ekufuneka zisetyenziswe ukwenzisa isidibanisi sombane zonomathotholo abaphathekayo, njalo njalo.
Ukulwa umlilo ngempumelelo yinkathalo yomntu wonke ohamba ngenqanawa. Iziqheliso zokulwa umlilo kufuneka kwenziwe kumaxesha athile kwaye kuthathwe ngokuzimisela. Injongo yezi ziqheliso kufuneka kuqinisekwe ukubazonke izixhobo zokulwa umlilo zikwimeko elungileyo kwaye wonke ubani uyayazi indawo yakhe nemisebenzi, indawo ekuhlala izixhobo zokulwa umlilo, indlela ezisebenza ngayo nendlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo.
Amanzi, isoda emuncu okanye isicima-mlilo esinegwebu akufunekanga sisetyenziswe kwimililo yombane okanye kufutshane nendawo ehlala izixhobo okanye iingcingo zombane.
Amanzi akufunekanga asetyenziswe kwimililo yamafutha okanye ye-oyile.
Xa kusetyenziswa amanzi amaninzi ukulwa nomlilo umphathi kufuneka aqaphele impembelelo engalunganga kuzinzo lwenqanawa kwaye aqinisekise ukuba intsalela yamanzi iyakhutshwa okanye ayakhanywa.
Xa kusetyenziswa igesi efakelweyo efuthaniselayo kufuneka kuthathwe inkathalo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ikhompatimenti iyashiya kwaye ivalwe ngokufanelekileyo. Phambi kokuba igesi ikhutshwe umntu owongamele ukucima umlilo kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ikhompatimenti ihlala ivalwe ixesha elide ukuqinisekisa ukuba umlilo ucimile kwaye ikhompatimenti ingeniswa kwaye ikhutshwa umoya ngokugqibeleleyo phambi kokuba kuphinde kungenwe.
Akukho msebenzi ekufuneka angene kwikompatimenti ezele umsi ngaphandle kokuba unxibe isixhobo sokuphefumla.
Xa kucinywa umlilo kufuneka yonke into ifakwe emanzini ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye ifanitshala ekhululekileyo, oomatrasi njalo njalo kufunekaisuswe kumgangatho. Kufuneka isiza silindwe iiyure eziliqela kwimeko apho ukutsha kunokuphinda.
Amayauyasu eentunja zetanki ye-oyile kufuneka zigcinwe zicocekile kwaye kwimeko elungileyo.
Apho iindawo zokuhlala zifuna ukufudunyezwa, isixhobo esinika ubushushu ekufuneka sifakiwe masinikwe umbilisi wasekhaya okanye ikalorifiya eyenziwe shushu ngombane. Apho oku kungenkwenzeka izixhobo zombane ezenza shushu kufuneka zibonelelwe. Izifudumezi zeLPG akufunekanga zisetyenziswe.
Ukunyothula izityalo kufuneka kuphawulwe ngokucacileyo ngemithwalo yayo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo. Apho umthwalo wokusebenza okhuselekileyo wesilenge wahluka ngomakha-sangqa sawo kufuneka ufakwe ngomalathisi obonakalayo kumqhubi obonisa umqhubi ukuba umthwalo wokusebenza ukhuselekile kula e-ingile.
Nawuphi umntu osebenza ngesixhobo sokunyothula kufuneka aqeqeshwe ngokufanelekileyo phambi kokuba ayalelwe ukuba asebenzise isixhobo.
Abasebenzi kufuneka bakhangele izixhobo zokhuseleko phambi kokuba basebenzise izixhobo okokuqala. Isixhobo sokunyothula akufunekanga sisetyenziswe apho isixhobo sokhuseleko singasebenzi kakuhle.
Ukulawulwa kwezixhobo zokunyothula kufuneka ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo ngemisebenzi kunye nenkcazelo yokusebenza.
Isixhobo sokunyothula eziqhutywayo kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha kukho umntu kwizixhobo zokulawula xa ziqhutywa.
Umsebenzi wesixhobo sokonyothula akufunekanga abe neminye imisebenzi enokuphazamisa ingqalelo yakhe kumsebenzi anawo ngelo xesha.
Apho umsebenzi engenambono ipheleleyo necacileyoyendlela egqibeleleyo yohambo kufuneka kubonelelwe ngamadoda emiqondiso.
Yonke imithwalo kufuneka irhintyelwe kusetyenziswa isixhobo esifanelekileyo somthwalo wokusebenza okhuselekileyo. Isixhobo sokurhintyela kufuneka sihlolwe phambi kokuba sisetyenziswe.
Iintsontela ezenziwe ngeengcingo kufuneka zihlolwe njalo kwaye zithanjiswe ngamafutha. Akufunekanga ukuba zivunyelwe zome.
Apho umthwalo uminxekile kwaye kukho uxinzelelo olulindelekileyo kwintsontela yokunyothula okanye intsontela eyenziwe ngeengcingo kufuneka ukhululwe phambi kokuba kukhululwe umthwalo.
Ekugqityweni komsebenzi igiyeri yokunyothula kufuneka ihlolwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimortyisi kunye nezixhobo zokhuseleko zisendaweni.
Onke amakhamandela kufuneka enonootaka bawo abaqiniswe ngeengcingo zokubamba.
Xa isiqu senjini okanye ikhamandela lisusiwe kufuneka libe nobukhulu obulinganayo kunye nomthwalo wokusebenza okhuselekileyo njegowokuqala. Nawaphi amalungu asusiweyo kufuneka avele kubenzi kwaye alungele isixhobo eso.
Akukho nguqulelo ekufuneka yenziwe kwisixhobo sokunyothula ngaphandle kokuba kufunyenwe imvume kuqala kubenzi kwaye emva koko uvavanyo lomthwalo kufuneka lwenziwe.
Nawuphi umsebenzi okummandla wesixhobo sokunyothula kufuneka anxibe isigcina-ntloko.
Zonke izikhuselo zamehlo, amakhamandela, amakhonkco nesiqu senjini kufuneka zihlolwe kumathuba athile kwaye apho kukho imiqondiso yokuguga, yokucandeka okanye ukudleka eqatshelwayo kufuneka zitshintshwe.
Imithwalo akufunekanga ishiywe isasazeke emoyeni.
Izilenge kufuneka zigcinwe njengoko kuchaziwe ngabenzi.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_OMNIBUS 1 (2003).txt</fn>
Injongo yolu vavanyo kukubonisa izimvo kunye nemibono yamalungu kunye nabaqeshwa malunga nolawulo, inkqubo kunye neendlela, ugqaliso kwabo sibancedayo kunye nabo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo, ulawulo lwabantu, intsebenziswano, ubutyebi kunye nolwazi lwendlela yolawulo, iinkqubo, impembelelo kwimibutho, imeko yobume bendawo yemvelo, ukwaneliseka kwabo bafumana uncedo kunye nabo banomdla kwinto eqhubekayo, umgangatho kwiinkonzo, ukwaneliseka kwabantu, isenzo sabo banikela ngempahla kunye nabo benza ulwahlulelwano kunye neziphumo zombutho.
Iziphumo zolu vavanyo kuzakwabelwana ngazo nabalawuli be-DOD/SANDF. Kubalulekile ngoko ke ukuba uphendule umbuzo ngamnye ngokunyaniseke kangangoko. Olu ayilulo uvavanyo lolwazi kwaye akukho mpendulo ilungileyo okanye engalunganga. Umbono wakho yimpendulo elungileyo kuphela.
Iziko liya kuthatha ulwazi olunikwa nguwe njengeMfihlo yoHlahlelo lweZiphumo. Uya kuhlala ungaziwa, njengoko iZiko loHlahlelo lweZiphumo liya kuhlahlela ulwazi oluqokelelweyo ngokweemeko zamaqela kuphela, umzekelo amadoda kunye nabafazi ngokwahlukahlukeneyo.
Kulula ukugcwalisa iphepha lemibuzo njengoko iphepha lemibuzo iphendulwa lula ngokwenza isangqa kwinombolo efanelekileyo yempendulo evumelana nawe okanye ebonisa umbono wakho ongcono.
Ukuba ngaba ufumana nayiphi na ingxaki ekugcwaliseni eli phepha lemibuzo nceda ungathandabuzi ukufuna uncedo kumsebenzi wophando olwenziwayo / umphandi okanye uqhagamshelane noMnxeba woncedo weziko loHlahlelo lweZiphumo ku- 3124788 / 8164788.
Ukuthatha kwakho inxaxheba ekunikeni ulwazi oluceliweyo kuxatyisiwe.
Usebenza kuliphi iqela lomsebenzi?
Ukweliphi iqela labemi?
Siyintoni isini sakho?
Mingaphi iminyaka yakho?
Ingaba ukuziphatha kunye nezenzo zabo banolawulo oluphezulu kunye nazo zonke iinkokheli ziwaphembelela, ziwaxhasa kwaye ziwaphucula njani amasiko okwenza umsebenzi ngokugqwesileyo.
Ingaba iinkokheli/ abalawuli kwiqela lakho lomsebenzi/ iziko lomkhosi/ inqanawa bawuphumeza ngokukhawuleza nangobuchule umsebenzi wabo?
Ingaba iinkokheli / abalawuli kwiqela lomsebenzi / iziko lomkhosi / inqanawa ziya mamela kwiingxaki zabo bangaphantsi kubo emsebenzini?
Ingaba iinkokheli / abalawuli kwiqela lakho lomsebenzi / iziko lomkhosi / inqanawa zinokufikeleleka ngokulula?
Ingaba iinkokheli/ abalawuli kwiqela lakho lomsebenzi / iziko lomkhosi / inqanawa bacacisa ngokucacileyo kwabo bangaphantsi kubo ngokomsebenzi ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe mfuno zini?
Ingaba iinkokheli abalawuli kwiqela lomsebenzi / iziko lomkhosi/ inqanawa bayakuqinisekisa okokuba abo bangaphantsi kubo emsebenzini bayakwazi kwaye bekuqonda okulindeleke kubo?
Ingaba iinkokheli / abalawuli kwiqela lakho lomsebenzi / iziko lomkhosi / inqanawa baya kuqinisekisa okokuba abangaphantsi kubo ngokomsebenzi baqeqeshwe ngokwaneleyo ekwenzeni umsebenzi wabo?
Ingaba umphathi wakho uthetha ngokunzulu nawe ngamathuba enkqubela phambili ngomsebenzi?
Ingaba umphathi wakho uya kubonisa na ukwenza umsebenzi wakho ngeyona ndlela ingcono?
Ingaba uyazi fumana na iinkonzo zoqeqesho zangaphakathi (Uqeqesho emsebenzini) ukuze uncedakale ube nesiveliso ngokungaphaya?
Ingaba umsebenzi olungileyo uya qondwa kwiqela lakho lomsebenzi / iziko lomkhosi / inqanawa?
Ingaba uyalifumana na ithuba lokunyuselwa ukuba ngaba wenze umsebenzi kakuhle?
Ingaba unalo na ithuba lokufumana umvuzo wemali owongezelelweyo ukuba wenze umsebenzi kakuhle?
Ingaba uya wazi na umsebenzi wakho ukuba uyintoni?
Ingaba / abaqeshwa kwiqela lakho lomsebenzi...
Ingaba ukubona na ukwaneliseka kwalowo ufumana uncedo ngenxa yezi ndlela zilandelayo?
Ezi ngxelo zilandelayo zicengceleza uluvo lwakho ngokuphathelele kwiqela lomsebenzi/ iziko lomkhosi / inqanawa.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_OMNIBUS 2 (2003).txt</fn>
Injongo yolu vavanyo kukubonisa izimvo kunye nemibono yamalungu kunye nabaqeshwa beSebe loKhuseleko (I-DOD) malunga neenguqu, ukuxhaswa koxolo, ubuhlanga, ukuba nako, iziphumo ze-SANDF / DOD kunye neemfuno zoqeqesho lweSingesi.
Iziphumo zolu vavanyo kukusincedisa ekuxabiseni utshintsho lokuphunyezwa olwenziwayo kwi-DOD kwaye lulandelwe. Kubalulekile ngoko ke, ukuba uphendule umbuzo ngamnye ngokunyaniseka kangangoko.
Olu ayilulo uvavanyo lolwazi kwaye akukho mpendulo ilungileyo okanye engalunganga. Umbono wakho yimpendulo elungileyo kuphela.
Iziko loHlahlelo lweZiphumo luya kuthatha ulwazi olunikwe nguwe njengemfihlo. Uya kuhlala ungaziwa njengoko iZiko loHlahlelo lweZiphumo liya kuhlahlela ulwazi oluqokelelweyo ngokwemeko zamaqela kuphela umzekelo amadoda kunye nabafazi ngokwahlukahlukeneyo.
Kulula ukugcwalisa iphepha lemibuzo njengoko imibuzo emininzi iphendulwa lula ngokwenza isangqa kwinombolo efanelekileyo yempendulo evumelana nawe okanye ebonisa uluvo lwakho olungcono.
Ukuthatha kwakho inxaxheba ekunikeni ulwazi olucacileyo kuxatyisiwe.
Usebenza kweliphi iqela lomsebenzi?
Ukweliphi iqela labemi?
Siyintoni isini sakho?
Mingaphi iminyaka yakho?
Ucinga okokuba kuyimfuneko ukuba I-DOD /SANDF itshintshe ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelatyo.
Uhlobo lwenguqu kufuneka lube njani na?
Uyiva njani inkqubela eyenziwe nenkqubo yenguqu?
Ingaba ucinga okokuba abalawuli abaphezulu be-SANDF bajonge kwimidla yawo onke amalungu kunye namaqela kwinkqubo yenguqu?
Hayi akunjalo a.
Ukusebenzisa ukulingana ngesini e.
Ukwenza iziko lomkhosi elicacileyo f.
Ngokulandulayo kakhulu a.
Indlela ekuthi ukumanya kuqhutywe ngayo b.
Isantya ekuthii ukumanya kwenziwe ngaso c.
Isantya ekuthi uhlengahlengiso lwenziwe ngaso e.
Inxenye yohlengahlengiso f.
Ukuncitshiiswa koqingqo mali lweziko lomkhosi h.
Indlela olwenziwa ngayo ulingano ngokwesini j.
Isiqalo soNobhala bequmrhu elikhulu lomkhosi k.
Andivumelani ngokucacileyo a.
Ngenxa yenguqu amalungu amaninzi alahlekelwa zimpembelelo ekwenzeni umsebenzi wawo b.
Ndanelisekile lukhuseleko lwasemsebenzini wam c.
Ndiya neliseka ngamathuba okunyuselwa d.
Ndamkele isiko elitsha lomkhosi e.
Ndiya vumelana neemeko ezintsha zolawulo f.
Ndamkele iindlela ezintsha zomsebenzi g.
Ndicinga ukuyishiya I-SANDF kwiminyaka emibini ezayo k.
Hayi akunjalo a.
Izithethe zomkhosi kunye nemigaqo ziyehla ngenxa yokumanya b.
Izixhobo zishiywe lixesha / ziphelelwe lixesha c.
Ukwahlukana ngezimvo kumasiko omkhosi d.
Ukwahlukana kwindlela ekucingwa ngayo e.
Ukwahlukana ngokweelwimi f.
Andivumelani ngokuqinisekileyo a.
Kunzima ukufumana ulwazi ngenguqu b.
Ulwazi ngenguqu aluthembakalanga kwaye aluchanekanga c.
Ulwazi endilufumanayo ngenguqu aluthethi ngengxaki yam d.
Kukowuphi na umthombo olandelayo wolwazi onokuthi uwukhethe ekufumaneni ulwazi olunzima ngenguqu?
Andivumelani ngokuqinisekileyo a.
Igosa lam elilawulayo luyalufihla ulwazi olubalulekileyo ngenkqubo yenguqu b.
Ixesha elincinane kakhulu lonxibelelwano phakathi kweqela elilawulayo kunye nelabo baphethweyo liya nikwa kwiqela lam lomsebenzi c.
Ndinokuzithemba ekutyhileni izimvo zam kwiqela lam lomsebenzi d.
Igosa lam elilawulayo alilihloniphi isiko lam e.
Kwiqela lam lomsebenzi ulwalamano phakathi kwamalungu abemi abohlukahlukeneyo buyaxhalabisa ngamanye amaxesha f.
Igosa lam elilawulayo linxibelelana ngokuphandle nabo libaphetheyo g.
Ingaba ubona kuyimfuneko kwi-DOD/SANDF ukumisela ukulwa kokuxhaswa koxolo lomkhosi kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yoku kulandelayo?
Hayi akunjalo a.
Ukuphepha ukungena kweembacu eMzants Afrika c.
Ukuxhasa imisebenzi yenkxaso yoxolo yoLwakhiwo lweBandla loMzantsi Afrika e.
Ukuxhasa imisebenzi yobumbano lwenkxaso yoxolo lwe-Afrika f.
Ukuxhasa imisebenzi yenkxaso yoxolo yaMazwe aBumbeneyo g.
Bonisa ukuba uyavumelana okanye awuvumelani kangakanani na nezi ngxelo zilandelayo kwimisebenzi yenkxaso yoxolo...
Andivumelani ngokuqinisekileyo a.
I-DOD / SANDF ayinamali yaneleyo kwaye futhi ayinazixhobo zilungileyo ezinokumiselwa umlo wemisebenzi yokuxhasa uxolo b.
I- DOD / SANDF akufuneki ithathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokuxhaswa koxolo kweli nqanaba kuba amalungu ayo akakakulungeli ukulwa c.
Ingaba yeyiphi ENYE kwezi ngxelo zilandelayo engcono emela uluvo lwakho ekuzibandakanyeni kwe-DOD kwimisebenzi yenkxaso yoxolo?
Ingaba ucinga / ufumanisa okokuba le mimiselo ilandelayo, ukwenziwa kwemimiselo kunye neemeko kunyusa izinga lobuhlanga?
Hayi akunjalo a.
Ukulungiswa ligosa elilawulayo / umphathi / umntu omkhulu d.
Igosa elilawulayo / umphathi / umntu omkhulu lilungu leqela labemi abohlukileyo e.
Ukunyanzelwa kwengqeqesho f.
Andivumi ngokuqinisekileyo a.
Amalungu amhlophe azibona engaphezulu kunelinye iqela labemi xa kuthethwa ngoqeqesho / amava angaphambili b.
Amalungu afumana ubuhlanga kumaqela abemi angaphezulu kunesinye e.
Ngokombono wakho, ingaba unxulumano phakathi kwamalungu eqela labemi abohlukahlukeneyo kwiqela lakho lomsebenzi libenokuphucuka okanye libe ngakumbi kwinto ebeliyiyo kwiminyaka emibini yokugqibela edlulileyo?
Ingaba ucinga ubuhlanga okanye ucalulo ngokobuhlanga benzeka kangakanani na kwi-DOD?
Andivumelani ngokuqinisekileyo a.
Ndinokuqiniseka okokuba abaphathi kunye nabalawuli be-DOD baya kuxoxa eminye yemiba kuqwalselo labo ngokuphathelele kolu vavanyo b.
Ingaba luluphi ulwimi lwakho lwasekhaya?
Yintoni izinga lakho eliphezulu lothwaso zifundo?
Kakuhle kangakanani na...
Hayi phucula isiNgesi sakho ngobugcisa?
fumana uqeqesho lodidi lweDyunivesithi?
enza izifundo ezingamiselekanga?
fumana uqeqesho lwangaphakathi olusemva kwenye into?
zifundela uzimele ngokwakho?
funda olunye ulwimi ngaphandle kwesiNgesi?
Ingaba ufumana iingxaki...
Hayi ekuzenzeni uqondwe xa ubhala isiNgesi?
ekuzenzeni uqondwe xa uthetha isiNgesi?
ekuqondeni abanye xa bethetha isiNgesi?
ekubhaleni imbalelwano kunye namaxwebhu ngesiNgesi?
ekusebenziseni iinkonzo zembalelwano ze-CSW?
Ingaba isiNgesi sakho silungile ngokwaneleyo ukwenza umsebenzi ngokwanelisekileyo?
Ingaba uyaluqonda ulwimi lwesiNgesi olusetyenziswa kwincwadi yezintlu, imigaqo kunye namaxwebhu enkqubo?
Ingaba inkqubo yolwimi lwe-DOD iyawonakalisa umsebenzi wakho ngohlobo oluthile?
Ingaba unabo abo ubaphetheyo okanye ungumqeqeshi wabafundi?
Ekuzenzeni baqondwe xa bebhala isiNgesi?
Ekuzenzeni baqondwe xa bethetha isiNgesi?
Ekuqondeni amaxwebhu / imigaqo ebhalwe ngesiNgesi?
Ekuqondeni abanye xa bethetha isiNgesi?
Ekwenzeni imisebenzi efuna ulwazi lwesiNgesi oluphambili?
Ekusebenziseni iinkonzo zembalelwano ze-CSW?
Ingaleliphi icebo olinikayo ekusombululeni ezi ngxaki?
Ingaba ungaluxabisa na uncedo kwigcisa lolwimi ukumisela inkqubo yempucuko yabo ubaphetheyo / abafundi?
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Okusetyenziselwa ukungatshabalalisi.txt</fn>
UmThetho ubeka ilungelo lomntu wonke lokuba nofikelelo olufanelekileyo kumahlathi kaRhulumente ngeenjongo ezine zokusebenzisela ukungatshabalalisi: imfundo, ulonwabo, okwenkcubeko kunye nokomoya. Oku kuchasa imithetho nemimiselo yamahlathi yangaphambili evumela indlela "yezohlwayo kunye namacingo emahlathini".
Ukwenza kungqinelane ukhuselo lwamahlathi ekusetyenzisweni okuzinzileyo, umThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi ulawula uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa, okokuqala kwamahlathi kaRhulumente, okokuqala ekusetyenziselweni ulonwabo ukuya ekusetyenziselweni urhwebo kunye nokwaziwa kwamahlathi luluntu.
Unyulo: Ngo-1994, Unyulo lwedemokhrasi lwaseMzantsi Afrika lwazisa urhulumente omtsha kumagunya.
NgoMatshi ka-1995 inkomfa kazwelonke yaveza iPhepha loGayo ziMvo, elisetyenziswa ekudibaneni okungaphaya kunye nabathelelani.
Uxwebhu lwepolisi olusemthethweni: IPhepha leNgcaciso Nkqubo iPhepha loGayo ziMvo lenza isiseko soxwebhu lwepolisi esemthethweni epapashiweyo ngoSeptemba ka-1997, iPhepha leNgcaciso Nkqubo. Oku kusetyenziswa ukuqulunqa umThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi.
Icandelo lama-24 lifundeka ngolu hlobo, "Wonke umntu unelungelo lokuba okusingqongileyo kukhuseleke, ukuze kuncedeke izizukulwana zangoku kunye nezexa elizayo, ngowiso-mthetho olufanelekileyo kunye neminye imiqathango ephakamisa ulondolozo kunye nophuhliso olukhuselekileyo noluzinzileyo ekufundweni ngezinto eziphilileyo kunye nendawo eziphila kuyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo zendalo ngexa kuphakanyiswa ezoqoqosho ezinobulungisa kunye nophuhliso lwentlalo."
ukulondoloza izibonelelo zamafa kunye nokuphakamisa ubuhle, inkcubeko kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni zomoya;kunye nokwenza kuqhubele phambili abantu okanye amacandelo abantu abehlelwe lucalulo olungalunganga icandelo 33.
Engena kuzo zonke izigqibo ezisemthethweni ezichaphazela amahlathi, nokuba kungokwemiqathango yomThetho wamaHlathi okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwamahlathi kufuneka kulingane nokukhuselwa kwamahlathi kunye nemithi. Abaphathi bamahlathi kunye namaGosa eHlathi (aqeshwe yi-DWAF kunye neminye imibutho efana namaqumrhu olondolozo ndalo) kufuneka enze ukuba oku kulingana kusebenze, neendlela kunye neenkqubo.
Ilungelo lokuphatha, ukusebenzisa, ukulawula kunye nokuqhutywa kwehlathi likaRhulumente kunye nemveliso kulo kusezandleni zoMphathiswa weMicimbi yaManzi namahlathi. Koko, ngokungqinelana neemfuno ezichaziweyo kuMtgaqo-siseko, unokugunyazisa ukusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezininzi ezibekiweyo kumThetho: iimvume, okukhutshelwa ngaphandle (jonga ibhokisi), ukufaka phantsi kolawulo, iingqesho, izivumelwano kunye neziVumelwano zokwazi ngamaHlathi zoluNtu.
Ivumela umsebenzi okhethekileyo ofana nokuzingela, ukugawulwa kwemithi yamaplanga okanye ukulima.
Ikhutshwa ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile. Umzekelo, apho ukutyisa imfuyo kuvumelekileyo, linani elithile leenkomo kuphela elivumelekileyo.
kufuneka ihlawulelwe ngokweentlawulo ezibekiweyo.
Umthetho uyakuqonda ukuxhomekeka kwabantu basezilalini kwizibonelelo zamahlathini kwaye uzama ukuphakamisa uthabatho nxaxheba olukhulu kwimiba yonke yokwazi ngamahlathi ngabantu ababenziwe bahleleleka ngaphambili lucalu-calulo. UMphathsiwa usebenzise icandelo lama-24 ukukhuphela ngaphandle amalungu oluntu akufutshane namahlathi kaRhulumente ekubeni afumane iimvume zokutheza iinkune kunye neemveliso zehlathi ezifana nobusi, iziqhamo, ingca yokofulela kunye namayeza okunyanga asetyenziselwa okwasekhaya, inkcubeko, iinjongo zempilo kunye nezomoya. Intlawulo ayifunwa.
Jonga ibhokisi ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Ilungelo elisisigxina kwihlathi likaRhulumente, elifana nokufaka ucingo lombane okanye ukumisa ipali kanomathotholo.
UMphathiswa angavuma ukuthengisa imveliso yehlathi (umzekelo) okanye iimveliso (umzekelo amaplanga asarhiweyo) kulo naliphi na ihlathi likaRhulumente kuye nawuphi na umntu.
Uluntu lunokungena kwisivumelwano noMphathiswa ukuze lulawule okanye lincedise ekulawuleni ihlathi likaRhulumente.
iNgqesho uMphathiswa usenokuliqeshisa ihlathi likaRhulumente okanye inxenye yalo kuye nawuphi na umntu.
Le posta icacisa ukuba umThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi oyinombolo yama-84 ka-1998, ujoise kanjani ukulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kunye nokukhuselwa kwamahlathi oMzantsi Afrika, ngolawulo oluzinzileyo lwamahlathi. Ulawulo lwentando yesininzi eMzantsi Afrika kuye kwafaka ifuthe ekuphuhlisweni kwemithetho emitsha yaamhlathi kunye neendlela zokulawula. Ngo-1994, uMzantsi Afrika waphuma kwixesha lolawulo ligcuntswana labamhlophe phantsi kocalulo kunye nenkqubo enzima yokuwenza ukuba ubengowolawulo lwentando yesininzi kwaye utshintsho lwachaphazela ezamahlathi, amalungelo isininzi sabamnyama abathe sasiwavinjiwe ngaphambile. Imithetho emitsha yamahlathi izamile ukunika abantu ufikelelo emahlathini ngexa iphakamisa ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kunye nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho. Isiseko somThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi, esibeka imithetho-siseko elithoba echazayo kufuneka sithathelwe ingqalelo kuko nakuphina ukwenziwa kwesigqibo esiphathelene namahlathi. Ekusetyenzisweni kwale mithetho-siseko njengesikhokelo, uwiso-mtehtho luyilwe ngendlela ephakamisa ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo, ulawulo olunentsebenziswano kunye nokuthabatha inxaxheba kwabathelelani. Amaziko amacandelo karhulumente kumgangatho wengingqi, koko, angatshintshanga ngezinga elifanayo njengezopolitiko: okwangoku umceli mngeni kukuphumeza inkqubo ecingela phambili kunye nowiso-mthetho kulo mgangatho wengingqi.
Ukupasiswa komthetho omtsha kuphela linyathelo lokuqala kwinkqubo ende.
Imimiselo, iinkqubo kunye neeprotokoli kufuneka zibekwe endaweni ukuze ziyilawule.
Ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso qhinga sokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo nowiso-mthetho.
Ukuyila kunye nokwenza ulungiselelo lwemali lwenkqubo eyoluliweyo nenezibonelelo ezinabileyo emva kokuba kuphumelele uwiso-mthetho.
Isitafu sikaRhulumente, abaphathi bamahlathi kaRhulumente kunye nabanye abadlala indima kufuneka baqeqeshwe ukuze baqonde kwaye baphumeze umthetho omtsha, iindlela kunye neenkqubo kunye nokusebenzisa ingqiqo yabo ngokufanelekileyo nagobulungisa.
Kunye nokugcina kangangoko iindlela esele zikhona.
Ukwenza ungqinelwano oluchanekileyo phakathi kotshintsho olufunekayo kunye nokuhlala noko kusebenzayo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Phawula ngo-X apho kufanelekileyo.txt</fn>
Umhla umsebenzi awaqeshwa ngawo: nqaku 1.
Ingqikelelo yeenkcukacha zabasebenzi ukusukela kumhla wokufakwa kwenqaku 1.1 (njengoko kukhonjisiwe kwiphepha loku-1 lale fom) ukuya kuma ekupheleni kukaFebuwari kunyaka ozayo.
Imivuzo jonga ku- 5.2.
Ndiyaqinisekisa ukuba ezi nkcukacha zingasentla zichanekile.
UKUBA NGABA UYASILELA UKUNGENISA IFOM YERHAFU YOMVUZO YE-W. As 8 KWIXESHA ELIMISELWEYO, ICANDELO LAMA-83 LOMTHETHO LINIKA IGUNYA UMKOMISHINALA WEMBUYEKEZO UKUBA AQIKELELE UMVUZO. ISOHLWAYO, ESINGADLULIYO KWIIPESENTI EZILI-10 (IIPESENTI EZILISHUMI) ZOHLOLO LOKUQGIBELA NASO SINOKUWISWA.
a inqgesho yomsebenzi oqeshwe okwexeshana/okwesigxina ngokwenjongo zeshishini lomqeshi b umlawuli wenkampani osebenzayo okanye ilungu lequmrhu elilawulayo, ongene kwikontraki yenkonzo okanye kubufundi okanye kuqeqesho nequmrhu elilawulayo, ukude umsebenzi asebenze kwisikowupu sengqesho yakhe ngokwemiqathango yekontraki enjalo. Kukhutshelwa ngaphandle abathelelani okanye "amaqabane athuleyo" ahlawulwa kuphela izabelo okanye kwabelwane ngenzuzo.
Umntu onikwe yi-broker yemisebenzi, ongekho kwintlawulo yomxhasi ekunikeni inkonzo okanye ekwenzeni umsebenzi wenkonzo okanye wokusebenza umntu onjalo uhlawulwa yi-broker yemisebenzi, ngumsebenzi we-broker yemisebenzi. Umvuzo womntu onjalo mawungaqukwa kuxwebhu lomxhasi loMvuzo kwiFom yeRhafu.
QAPHELA: Umnini ongundoqo okanye amaqabane kwishishini/kumsebenzi wolimo awathathwa ngokuba "ngabasebenzi" njengoko kumiselwe ngumThetho kwaye imivuzo yabo, ke ngoko, mayingaboniswa.
Imivuzo zizo zonke iintlawulo ezenziwa rhoqo, phambi kwalo naluphi na udontso, nokuba yimali okanye intlawulo ngezinto, kubasebenzi.
Ixesha elongezelelweyo larhoqo (hayi ixesha elongezelelweyo elenziwa ngeziqabu okanye elingenzeki rhoqo).
Iibhonasi zalo naluphi na uhlobo, kuqukwa iibhonasi zenkuthazo okanye iibhonasi zonyaka.
Ikomishini, nangona ixabiso linokohluka inyanga nenyanga.
Ixabiso eliyikheshi lokutya kunye nezindlu ezinikwa abasebenzi njengenxenye yemivuzo. Ixabiso eliyikheshi lamalungelo afana nemoto yomsebenzi, indawo yokuhlala yasimahla, okanye indawo yokuhlala ebiza kancinane, njl.njl.
Ukuhamba kunye nezinye izibonelelo ezihlawulwa rhoqo, njengenxenye yomvuzo.
Apho umsebenzi anikwa umvuzo ngokungqinelana namalungelo omvuzo, zonke izinto ezenza inxenye yomvuzo, ngaphandle kwemirhumo yomqeshi efana nemirhumo ye-medical aid.
Imivuzo/Drawings ehlawulwe abaLawuli abasebenzayo beNkampani okanye amalungu eQumrhu elisenokuqhutywa ngumntu omnye. (kufuneka zixelwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwinqaku 9.2). Hlomela uluhlu lwamagama abo, iinombolo zeZAZISI kunye needilesi.
Iintlawulo ezenzelwa imbuyekezo.
Ixesha elongezelelekileyo elisetyenzwe ngamathuba athile.
Iintlawulo zemisebenzi ethile engenzeki rhoqo ezingenzi nxenye yemisebenzi eqhelekileyo yomsebenzi.
Iintlawulo zokuhlawulela iindleko ezikhethekileyo ezifana nezokuphila kunye nezokuhamba, isidlo sasemini kunye neendleko zeentlanganiso zamashishini.
Ukuhamba kunye nezinye izibonelelo ezihlawulwa kumathuba athile.
Ukuba ngaba umvuzo womlawuli/ilungu ngowokwabelana ngenzuzo, uMlawuli/iLungu ayingomsebenzi ngokwemiqathango yomThetho.
Ukuba ngaba imisebenzi yakho iphelisiwe, xela umhla wokupheliswa kwiphepha elingaphambili uze uxele imivuzo yokugqibela ehlawuliweyo ukuya kuma kuloo mhla.
Ngenxa yeendleko eziqhubayo zinyuka, uhlolo olusezantsi luka-2002 lunyusiwe laya kuma kuma-R335.00 ngonyaka.
b Uhlolo luhlawulwe okanye izavenge zilungiselelwe.
c Isicelo kufuneka senziwe kwangexesha kwiveki enye okukhethekayo kwileta enamagama enkampani, ngokubhalwe phantsi.
d Nceda uxele inombolo yobhaliso, ngokunjalo nenombolo yomnxeba kunye neyefekisi, kunye nekhowudi yomnxeba.
e Izicelo egameni lomqeshi ngabaCebisi okanye ii-Arhente kufuneka zibhalwe phantsi kwaye zikhatshwe liGunya leGqwetha.
g Ukubhucabhucwa ngokuqulathwe kwezi leta lityala elikhulu.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_SIHLASELA ISIFO SEPHEPHA.txt</fn>
HLASELO LWESIFO SEPHEPHA : INCWADI YOQEQESHO ELUNGISELELWE ABONGIKAZI, Isebe lezeMpilo laKwaZulu -Natal, , Inkqubo yolawulo lwesifo sephepha, Agasti 1997.
Ndinqwenela ukuvuyisana nawe kwinyathelo olithathileyo lokuba nguMxhasi kuNyango lwesifo sephepha kuluntu lwakho. Kwiinkulungwane ezigqithileyo isifo sephepha sibe ngunozala wezifo ezininzi nokufa kwiNtshona-Koloni, kwaye kube lixesha elide ithemba lilincinane lokukoyisa oku. Kodwa ke, ngokwenkqubo entsha yokulawula isifo sephepha nangenxaxheba ecacileyo yoluntu njengamahlakani neenkonzo zempilo ekusetyenzisweni kwe DOTS, sibe nokuba nethemba elitsha.
Isifo sephepha sinokunyangeka. Amayeza akhutshwa ezikliniki anokusebenza - kodwa kufuneka okunye okuninzi ngaphezu kwamayeza. Sifuna abantu abazimiseleyo nje ngawe ekuncediseni unyango lwabantu kwisifo sephepha, nokuqhubela phambili ukuphuculwa kweemeko zokuhlala ukukhusela ukwanda kwesifo sephepha.
Ukuzinikela kwakho kulo msebenzi kuyakubugcina ubomi babantu, kwaye kuyakukhusela abantu abaninzi ekosulelweni sisifo sephepha(i-TB).
Ekugqibeleni sinethemba lokuba olu qeqesho luyakukunceda ekubeni ufumane izakhono ezitsha, nethuba lokuba nemfundo eyongezelelweyo neqinisekileyo - ukuze ube nokuxhamla wena njengesiqu ukuze ube nakho ukuba negalelo elililo kuluntu lwakho.
Ndikunqwenelela okuhle kwezi zifundo nasemsebenzini wakho wabantu abanesifo sephepha. Ndiyakubulela ngoncedo lwakho kwiphupha lokwenza iNtshona-koloni engena TB libe nokufikelela kuthi.
ukuqwalasela izinto ezingumceli-mngeni ekukhathaleleni abantu abane-TB...
Kutheni IiTB imbi kangaka kwilizwe lethu?
Abantu banda ngokwanda ukuba ne-TB eMzantsi Afrika. Le nto kuthiwa sisifo esosulelayo.
Abanye abantu abane-TB abagqibi ukuthatha amayeza abo, nokuba abayi ekuxilongweni, babe ke abazange baphile kwii-TB.
Bahlala kunye nabanye abantu abaninzi kwigumbi elincinane, kungekho moya upholileyo ongenayo onokuthi uvuthelele iintsholongwane ze-TB ngaphandle.
Basela kakhulu utywala, okanye batshaye kakhulu amacuba nentsangu.
Urhulumente wenza ntoni ukunqanda iTB eMzantsi Afrika?
Kutheni kufuneka siyinqandile i-TB kwilizwe lethu?
abantu abane-TB ye-MDR bayafa ekugqibeleni, kodwa bafa sebezinwenwisele kumakhaya abo nakwabanye abantu iintsholongwane ezingeva machiza.
Kutheni i-TB imbi kangaka kweli lizwe lethu?
Umntu ophezulu wosulele abantu abali 10 nge-TB. Umntu ngamnye amosuleleyo uhamba ngebhasi, iteksi okanye uloliwe ukuya emsebenzini qho kusasa nangokuhlwa. Mntu ngamnye wosulela i-TB kwabanye abali 10. Bangaphi abantu abosulelwe ngulo mntu?
Lo mntu une-TB yemiphunga uzinwenwisa lula iintsholongwane kwabanye, ukuba baphefumla kukho iintsholongwane ze-TB.
Funda ngeentsholongwane ze-TB kwiphepha elingaphambili, uxoxe ngokuba zinokwenza ntoni na kwimiphunga.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukuba sizinqande iintsholongwane ze-TB ekubeni zingakhuli emiphungeni?
Kutheni i-TB yemiphunga inwenwa lula kangaka?
Zeziphi ezinye iintlobo ze-TB ezikhoyo?
I-TB iyosulela - le nto ithetha ukuba inokusuka komnye umntu iye komnye.
Iintsholongwane ze-TB zinokusuka komnye umntu ziye komnye lula, ngokuphefumla umoya oneentsholongwane.
Abantu bekhaya, izihlobo nabasebenzi bezempilo abaphefumla umoya omnye nomntu one-TB yemiphunga eyosulelayo, banokuyifumana lula i-TB.
Iintsholongwane ze-TB zinwenwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba abantu bahlala kunye bebaninzi bengafumani mpepho nakukhanya ngokwaneleyo. Impepho iyazivuthela iintsholongwane, nokukhanya kuyazibulala iintsholongwane.
Ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane kunokunqandwa ukuba abantu babeka isandla emlonyeni xa bekhohlela, okanye akhohlelele kumaphetshana athambileyo bawalahle.
Kutheni abanye abantu beyifumana i-TB abanye bangayifumani?
Abantu abaninzi bafumana iintsholongwane ze-TB emizimbeni yabo(basulelwa ziintsholongwane zeTB).
Iintsholongwane zeTB ziqala zibulale imiphunga, zenze izikhohlela zibe zizo ezine-TB.
Xa isifo sisosulela, sinokusuka komnye siye komnye. Kutheni i-TB isosulela?
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokosulela nesifo?
Elinye igama lamajoni omzimba, yindlela yokukhusela.
Xa umzimba womelele usempilweni, wenza "amajoni" amaninzi anyuke esehla egazini esilwa neentsholongwane ezifihlakeleyo(ezingasebenziyo), kodwa"amajoni" asegazini nakhusela umzimba aqine ngokwaneleyo ukulwa nezi ntsholongwane, azinqande nasekukhuleni kwazo. Xa umzimba ubuthathaka, awukwazi ukulwa nezi ntsholongwane, neentsholongwane zenza umzimba ube nesifo. Umntu onesifo se-TB unokuyisasaza i-TB kwabanye.
Abanye abantu bayifumana lula i-TB kunabanye, ngenxa yobuthathaka bezikhuseli mzimba. Oku kwenzeka xa imizimba ingomelelanga ngokwaneleyo ukulwa neentsholongwane ze-TB.
Imizimba yabo ayomelelanga Batshaya icuba okanye intsangu ngokwaneleyo ukulwa neentsholongwane.
Abantu abaninzi bahlala kwindlu Banezinye izifo, ezifana nesifo okanye kwigumbi elinye, abafumani seswekile, imasisi, i-AIDS.
mpepho kakuhle Bane-AIDS, ngenxa yokuba imizimba yabo ayomelelanga ngokwaneleyo ukulwa neentsholongwane ze-TB.
Abantu abasempilweni abakholisi kuyifumana i-TB.
Umzimba osempilweni uyazilwa uzinqande iintsholongwane ze-TB zingakhuli.
Kufuneka sijonge iindlela esinokuthi sigcine ngayo imizimba isempilweni, ukuze ingabi na-TB.
Ngamanye amazwi, kufuneka sibone indlela esinokukhusela ngayo i-TB.
Ngabaphi abantu ababonakala benokuyifumana i-TB?
Kutheni abantu abasempilweni bekhuselwa kwiintsholongwane ze-TB?
Singayithintela njani i-TB elizweni lethu?
Ufundise abantu ekuhlaleni ngendlela yokuthintela iintsholongwane ze-TB ekunwenweni. Ukuba sinalo ulwazi lwendlela esiqala ngayo isifo, sinokuzama ukusikhusela ekubeni sibekhona nasekunwenweni kwaso.
Kufuneka sazi ukuba kutheni abanye abantu kulula ukuba bafumane i-TB kunabanye, nokuba singazama njani na ukuba sigonyelwe i-TB.
I-BCG kufuneka inikwe abantwana abancinane kwakamsinyane emva kokuba bezelwe, iphindwe kwiiveki ezintandathu ukuba akanasiva anaso.
eKliniki ukuba bahlala nomntu one-TB, ekhaya okanye emsebenzini, okanye ukuba umntu one-TB ungomnye wekhaya okanye umhlobo osondeleyo kuwe.
Khuthaza abazali baxilongise abantwana babo abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 kwi-TB, ukubao mnye apha ekhaya une-TB, abe engumntu okufutshane kakhulu kuwe.
Xoxa umahluko phakathi kokunyangwa komntu onentsholongwane, nokukhusela umntu ekufumaneni intsholongwane. Yeyiphi enexabiso eliphezulu Yeyiphi ethatha ixesha elide Unokubhala imiba engundoqo kwesi sicwangciso singezantsi?
Kutheni kubalulekile ukuba abantwana abancinane bagonyelwe i-TB?
Xoxa neqela lakho ukuba ungabakhuthaza njani na abo bangaphilanga, nabo baneempawu zeTB (umzekelo abakhohlelayo nabadinwayo), ukuba baye eKliniki baye kuxilong-wa.
Xoxa ukuba ungenza njani na ukwenza abantu babe nokulumkela i-TB kuluntu lwabo, ingakumbi ukukhuthaza abanye abantu abangaphilanga baxilongelwe i-TB.
Sinakho ukukhusela i-TB ekunwenweni ukuba sisebenza sonke ekunqandeni iintsholongwane ze-TB ekunwenweni.
Unokukhuthaza abantu ukunqanda iintsholongwane ze-TB ekunwenweni ngokuthi uqinisekise ukuba amakhaya abo anezingenisi-mpepho ezizizo(impepho ingena ngokwaneleyo).
Iintsholongwane, ezithwala izifo ezosulelayo, zibhabha emoyeni, ingakumbi ukuba kuxinene, impepho ingena kancinane.
Xa kukho izingenisi-mpepho ezizizo(impepho eyaneleyo), iintsholongwane ziyavuthelwa zingabi nakusuka komnye ziye komnye lula.
Kufuneka sivule iifestile neminyango yemizi yethu ukuze kungene impepho.
Abantu abane-TB bathwala iintsholongwane kwizikhohlela zabo, eziphuma kwimiphunga yabo.
Kufuneka bazame ukukhohlelela phandle, apho iintsholongwane zinokuthi zivuthelwe ngumoya, zibulawe bubushushu bokukhanya.
I-JIKI (iblitshi) nayo izibulala ngokukhawuleza iintsholongwane.
Ukuba kufuneka ucoce igumbi lakho apho bekukhohlele umntu we-TB, khumbula ukusebenzisa iJiki (isiqingatha sekomityi yejiki kwiilitha ezili 10 zamanzi). I-Jiki kufuneka igcinwe kude nabantwana. Kuyingozi ukusela iJiki.
zinamandla kwaye ziqinile zigqunywe yinwebu ebumafutharha kunzima ukuzibulala, kwaye zithanda ukunwenwa xa kumnyama, kwiindawo ezifumileyo, ezinempepho encinane.
Thetha malunga nokubaluleka kokuvulwa kwembobo zokungenisa impepho.
Cinga ngeketile okanye imbiza ebilayo. Ikhupha umphunga omninzi, ingakumbi ngosuku olubandayo, xa zonke iifestile neminyango zivaliwe. Kwenzeka ntoni xa ifestile okanye ucango luvuliwe?
Kutheni kufuneka sivule iminyango neetestile ukuze kungene umoya omtsha nelanga emakhayeni ethu?
Kutheni kufuneka sikhuthaze abantu ukuba bangatshici?
Kwiqela lakho xoxa ukuba ungabafundisa njani abantu ukuba bangatshici. Ucinga ukuba kuyenzeka na ukuba kutshicwe ngendlela eyiyo ngokusempilweni, enokuthi ingabi nakwenzakalisa abanye?
Ukutya okunesondlo(indlela esitya ngayo) kubalulekile ukuba sifuna imizimba yethu ihlale isempilweni.
Umzimba osempilweni unakho ukulwa neentsholongwane lula ngaphezu komzimba ongekho mpilweni, nongenamandla.
Kufuneka sonke sizame sitye ukutya okufanelekileyo.
Yintoni esinokuyenza ukuze sibe nokomelela, ukuze imizimba yethu ibe nakho ukukhusela iTB Cinga ngendlela ophila ngayo, uze uxoxe neqela lakho ngendlela onokuthi wenze izinto zibengcono?
Cwangcisa indlela yokutya kwentsapho yakho ngosuku olunye.
Qinisekisa ukuba intsapho yakho uyinika ukutya okufanelekileyo.
Kufuneka sikhuthaze oomama ekuncanciseni abantwana, kuba ubisi lwebele lunempilo kunolo lwenziweyo, olunikwa abantwana ngeebhotile.
Sinokulwa nonxunguphalo ngokuthi sibaleke, sihambe okanye sidanise, okanye ngokwenza nje izinto eziphumlisayo.
Imizimba yethu ayibikho mpilweni ukuba siyatshaya okanye sisela utywala kakhulu.
Abantu abanengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala okanye iziyobisi kakhulu.
Khuthaza abantu kuluntu lwakho ukuba bayeke imikhwa emibi, efana nokutshaya, ukusela utywala kakhulu, okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezifana neepilisi nentsangu.
KHUMBULA izikhuseli zomzimba, okanye indlela yokhuselo.
Xa umzimba unamandla nasempilweni, wenza ukuba "amajoni" anyuke esehla egazini, esilwa neentsholongwane emzimbeni. Umzimba usenokuba neentsholongwane ezingasebenziyo, kanti ke "amajoni" egazini, nakwindlela yokukhusela namandla okulwa nezi ntsholongwane, zizinqande ukuba zingakhuli.
Xa umzimba ubuthathaka, ngenxa yemikhwa emibi nangokungondleki, awunakukwazi ukulwa nezi ntsholongwane, nomzimba uyafa, nalo mntu une-TB unokosulela abanye.
Kutheni ukuncanciswa kwabantwana kungcono kunokubondla ngebhotile?
Kutheni ukuphumla nemithambo kulungile emizimbeni yethu?
Singazama njani ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba bayeke ukusela iziselo ezinxilisayo nokutshaya amacuba nentsangu?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa umzimba womntu ungomelelanga?
Kutheni bezifumana lula nje iintsholongwane ze-TB?
Umyalezo ucacile - kufuneka sisebenze sonke ukuMISA i-TB ekunwenweni kuluntu lwethu nakwilizwe lethu.
Jonga kumacala asekupheleni kuphawu lokuMISA i-TB olusetyenziswe kule ncwadi.
Siwasebenzisa ukugxinisisa izihloko zezahluko.
Siwasebenzisa ukuhombisa amacala.
Abanye abantu baphethe iimpawu zokuMISA i-TB, ngaxesha nye abanye bahamba kunye nabo.
Ngobani aba bantu?
Kutheni behamba bonke?
Kutheni kukho ilanga emva kolu phawu?
Kutheni bonke abantu bencumile?
Kutheni ilanga lincumile?
Ngowuphi lo mbala ukwigama lokuMISA?
Ngowuphi umbala osemva kweli gama?
Jonga kakuhle kwakhona kwiimpawu zokuMISA xa ugoduka.
Ungacinga ezinye iimbono zokusebenzisa uphawu lokuMISA?
Xoxa nabantu bakho ngonyango lwexesha elide.
Yakha ubudlelwane bentembeko nabantu bakho.
Kufuneka ubhala phantsi, kumakhadi, qho xa abantu bakho bethatha amayeza.
Baxele ekliniki abantu abangawalandiyo amayeza abo.
Baxele ekliniki abantu abangalungelwayo ngamayeza abo.
Baxelele abantu okokuba abo bane-TB, bafumana unyango abazokubasulela abanye.
Yenza abanye abantu babenolwazi nge-TB ze babamkele abo bane-TB emizini naseluntwini abahlala nalo, ukuze bakwazi ukunyangeka.
Umongikazi uxilonga umntu ongaphilanga . 2. Umongikazi uncedisa kuvavanyo lwezikhohlela.
Jonga kumanani1-5 KWISIPHUMO SENGXILONGO esikwiphepha elingaphesheya.
Abantu abadala ekurhanelwa ukuba bane-TB kufuneke benze isampuli yezikhohlela ukwenzela ukuba ezo zikhohlela zixilongelwe intsholongwane ye-TB phantsi kwe mikroskopu.
Xa kukhutshwa isiphumo sokuxilingela i-TB, isampuli yokuqala yesikhohlela (hayi amathe) kufuneka, ithathwe phantsi kolawulo lwekliniki okanye isibhedlele.
Kufuneka ispesimeni sesikhohlela siphathwe ngobunono. Ukuba sinentsholongwane ye-TB sosulela kakhulu. Iitoti mazibhalwe ngendlela eyiyo, itoti nganye igqunywe ngebhegi yeplastiki ukuthintela ukuba ingavuzi ize igcinwe kwisikhenkcezisi. Kufuneka sithathwe sisiwe kwilebhu zingaphelanga iintsuku ezimbini. Zonke ke izipesimeni eziye elebhu mazihambe nefomu enesicelo esisodwa.
Okungenani isidyobho esinye esivuma i-TB siyafuneka ukuze kufunyaniswe ngoxilongo i-TB yemiphunga.
Isidyobho esivumayo sesikhohlela sithatha ukuba kukho inani elikhulu leentsholongwane emiphungeni kwaye umntu unokuyisasaza ngokulula i-TB.
Izikhohlela maziqokelelwe ngokwesiqhelo emva konyango lweenyanga ezi-2.
Ngokuqhelekileyo izikhohlela zabantu mazixilongwe emva konyango lweenyanga ezi-6, kodwa phambi kokuba unyango luyekwe ukufumanisa ukuba i-TB inyangekile na.
Ukuqokelelwa kweesampuli zezikhohlela ngaphandle kwindawo enelanga kunciphisa ithuba lokusasazeka kweentsholongwane.
Uvavanyo lwesikhohlela luthathwa njengolona vavanyo lokuqala nolubalulekileyo. Kutheni ucinga ukuba oku kunjalo?
Kuthaeni kufuneka ukuba ziphathwe ngonononphelo iisampuli zezikhohlela?
Ziisampuli zezikhohlela ezivumayo ezingaphi ezifumanisayo ukuba umntu ingaba unayo na okanye akanayo I-TB?
Ingaba abantu abane-TB kufuneka ukuiba balwenze kaninzi kangakanani uvavanyo lwezikhohlela?
Ingaba ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuba iintsholongwane ze-TB zifile, eziye zibaleke xa umntu ekhohlela?
Inkqubo yokuqokelelwa kwezikhohlela Le nkqubo ibaluleke kakhulu.
Sukuqokelela izikhohlela kukho ababukeleyo.
Nika umntu isiciko ngoko nangoko ukuze ivalwe ngokuqinileyo.
Buyisela ispesimeni ekliniki njengoko bekulungisiwe apho simele ukuhlala khona.
Amaqondo aphezulu ayingozi kuhanjiso lwezipesimem.
Jonga elinye iphepha elongezelelweyo elinemifanekiso elibonisa amanqanaba awohlukeneyo oqokelelo lwezikhohlela.
Cwangcisa imifanekiso ngamanyathelo awohlukeneyo okuqokelelwa kwezikhohlela.
Bhala kwiphetshana elisecaleni UKUQOKELELWA KWEZIKHOHLELA. Yohlule ngemigca njengeli phepha lingaphesheya. Yigobe ngakumgca ngamnye ibe zizicuku eziyi-7. Xa zisongiwe ziza kufana namanyathelo.
Khangela iileyibhile ezichwetheziweyo. Ezi zigaba azimiswanga ngendlela. Bhala phantsi isigaba ngasinye ngendlela eyiyo kumanyathelo akho asongiweyo. Thelekisa imifanekiso neleyibheli nganye uyincamathisele kwizithuba ezo ngokwendlela eyiyo.
Khangela amaphepha 26&27 KWINCWADI YE TB ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpendulo zakho zichanekile.
Abatyebi ngoku sebe sitya ukutya okunempilo.
Umongikazi ubeka 1.
Sebenzisa le mifanekiso ingezantsi, wenze uluhlu lweengxaki ezifunyanwa ngabantwana abaneTB. Bhala impendulo ecaleni komfanekiso ngamnye.
Kutheni kubalulekile okokuba abazali bagcine eli khadi ingakumbi xa besiya kwenye indawo.?
Ungabubona nendlela ubunzima abuhlisa ngayo kwakuyo le grafu.
Khuthaza abazali babantwana abane-TB okokuba bathathe iTshati yeNdlela yeMpilo ngalo lonke ixesha besiya ekliniki, kugqirha okanye esibhedlele.
Xa beqala ukufika kuwe abantu bakho be-TB njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB.,kufuneka uhlale nabo phantsi nincokole ngezinto ezithile.. Kufuneka ke ngosuku lokuqala ubenobubele, ubamkele ngezandla ezishushu ukuze bakuthembe kwasekuqaleni.
le yinto enyangekayo.xa umntu ewasela rhoqo amayeza.. Wena ke njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB uza kuthi ubancedise bayenze loo nto. Babuze ke ukuba ikhona na enye into abafuna niyixoxe nge-TB.
Bachazele ke ngendlela oza kuwagcina ngayo amayeza abo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo . Babonise ukuba amagama abo aza kubakwii-pakethe zeepilisi/amakhadi onyango ukwenzela ukuba angaxubani namayeza abanye abantu.
Babonise ngendlela oza kuzigcina ngayo iirhekhodi zonyango zabo. Uza kubhala phantsi qho xa ubona bethatha amayeza abo.
Uza kuba nendlela eniza kusebenzisana ngayo. Kufuneka ubeke ecaleni ixesha abaza kuza ngalo. Ubaxelele okokuba uza kubaxela ekliniki xa bengayiyo ukuya kulanda amayeza zingaphelanga iiyure eziyi-24 zexesha elibekiweyo.
00-7:45 Wenza isidlo sakusasa ngaphambi kokuba wonke umntu aye esikolweni.
45-8:35 Wondlula iibhedi, acoce indlu.. Avase anxibe.
00-13:30 Undwendwela amakhaya abantu abagulayo nabagugileyo nakwikhaya lesigulana esinomhlaza neqela loomama.
15 Uqalisa ukupheka isidlo sasebusuku. Ulindele nomzukulwana ovela esikolweni.
Abantu bakho banokuziva befuna ukuthetha nawe. Kufuneka ubacebise loo nto ithetha ukuba kufuneka umamelisise ukwenzela ukuba uyive into abayithethayo.
Kufuneka ube novelwano: Yihloniphe indlela abavakalelwa ngayo.
Abantu bangothuka xa besiva ukuba bane-TB.
Banokuziva benomsindo okanye bedakumbile.
Bangakhathazeka malunga nabantwana babo xa bona bengazivi bephilile.
Banokufuna ukuba bangaziwa ukuba bane-TB.
Kufuneka wenze ubudlelane obuliqilima phakathi kwakho nabantu bakho.
Kufuneka udale uvakalelo lwentembeko, ukwenzela ukuba bakwazi ukwabelana ngeengxaki, neentlungu zabo kunye nawe.
Kufuneka ube nolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngeSifo Sephepha(I-TB.) ukuze ukwazi ukubanika ingcaciso eyiyo nechanekileyo.
Bancedise ukuze bazive bomelele, bakwazi, ukujongana neengxaki zabo.
Kufuneka bakuthembe, bayazi ukuba awuzikuxelela abanye abantu ngezinto abazithethe kuwe, nezinto ezibothusayo.
Cinga ngendlela oza kubahoya ngayo imihla ngemihla.
Iipilisi ze-TB zenza abantu abane-TB bangakhohleli kakhulu, kwaye badlulisele intsholongwane kwabanye.
Iipilisi zinikwa iintsuku ezi-5 kangangeenyanga ezi-4.
Mabathathe amayeza kangangeenyanga ezisi-8.
Iipilisi sele zifakwe kwiimvulophu zeplastiki ukunceda wena kunye nabantu bakho..
Abantu baza kuza kuwe namakhadi onyango neepilisi esele zifakwe ezipakethini ezifanelekileyo.
Iipilisi ezifanelekileyo ngokomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo, ngamaxesha afanelekileyo namathuba angawo
Kutheni kufuneka abantu abane-TB bathathe amayeza abo?
Abantu abasela amayeza abayisasazi i-TB Ngoba kutheni?
Mabathathe iinyanga ezingaphi abantu abaqalayo ukuthatha amayeza?
Zahluke njani izigaba zonyango lwakho?
Abantu ababekhe banayo i-TB ngaphambili, mabawathathe kangaphi amayeza?
Khumbula ukuba abadala nabantwana bathatha amayeza awohlukeneyo, kwaye abantwana banyangwa iinyanga ezi-4 kuphela.
Xoxani eqeleni lenu ngendlela eninokuzama ngayo nibenzele lula abantwana ekusebenziseni amayeza abo.
Jonga le mifanekiso inemibala ekwitshati ngexesha le seshoni yoqeqesho lwakho.
ukopha esikhumbeni iingxaki zamehlo nokungeva.
Esona siphumo singafunekiyo siqhelekileyo kumayeza e-TB kukungetyisi nesitshisa..
Basele amayeza abo ngaphambi kokuba batye.
Xa kukho iziphumo ezingafunekiyo makuyiwe ekliniki ngokukhawuleza.
Amagama eepilisi ezisetyenziswa ukunyanga i-TB anzima, kodwa afika ngokomlinganiselo osele usezipakethini ezivela kwiSebe lezeMpilo. Kufuneka wazi ukuba.
Zalisa le tafile ingezantsi.
Yintoni isiphumo esingalunganga?
Yeyiphi eyona nto iqhelekileyo yesiphumo esingalunganga abantu abane-TB abayikhalazelayo xa besebenzisa la mayeza e-TB?
Ungacinga ngeendlela ezimbini abaXhasi boNyango lwe-TB abanokunceda ngazo abantu bamelane nale ngxaki...
Buza impilo, ube sowulungiselela ukumnika amayeza.
Thatha imvulophu yomntu lowo, enamayeza akhe onke.
Sebenzisa itispuni ecocekileyo xa uthatha iipilisi kwiipakethi zazo.
Beka iipilisi kwitreyi yeplastiki ekunye nebhokisi yamayeza.
Iipilisi maziselwe ngexesha elinye, lo mzuzu wena Mxhasi woNyango lwe-TB obukeleyo. Xa umntu lowo engakwazi ukuzisela zonke makamane ephumla . Amayeza makaselwe ingaphelanga iyure ukuqinisekisa ukuba asebenza ngexesha elinye.
Ncokola lo mzuzu athatha iipilisi. Qinisekikisa ukuba uzisele zonke.
Umntu mnike iipilisi ezizezakhe.
Xa umntu engakwazi ukuyisela, yigube. Umntu angayisela ngobisi, amasi okanye amarhewu, kodwa hayi ngewayini okanye ibhiya.
Mnike onke amayeza osuku.
Sukuba krwada kubantu bakho, kodwa qina.
uMongikazi wasekliniki wandinika uludwe lwee-adilesi zabaXhasi boNyango lwe-TB. Ndakhetha idilesi ekufutshane nasekhaya.uMongikazi wandixelela ukuba ndiza kuya endlwini kaDoreen ukuya kufumana amayeza yonke le mihla.
Ndandisoyika kuba ndandingamazi loDoreen. Ndafika endlwini yakhe endilinde esangweni. Wancuma akundibona wathi "Amanda bendikulindile ndinexhala ndicinga ukuba akuzokufika. Ndiyavuya ke ufikile."
Umntu onobubele! Sangena endlwini, apho wandichazela izinto esasiza kuzenza. Savumelana ngexesha emandilande amayeza ngalo. Ixesha lethu laba phakathi kwentsimbi yesi-8 neye-10 kusasa. Amayeza bendiza kuwalanda qho ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu endlwini yakhe.
Saphela singabahlobo abakhulu. Sasiqondana kakhulu. Xa ndifuna uncedo uDoreen waye fumaneka. Ngumntu onobubele, onothando obakhathalelayo abantu. Ndiziva ndisethamsanqeni ukufumana yena njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB wam, iinyanga ezintandathu.
Bendingayeli mayeza odwa endlwini yakhe. Besithetha kakhulu, hayi ngemiba yamayeza e-TB, kodwa nangezinye izinto. Ngamanye amaxesha ubeba njengomama kum, ngamanye amaxesha abe ngumhlobo. Bendingoyiki ukuthetha naye nangeyiphina into. Bendimthembile, ndixhomekeke kuye.
Ndiya vuya ndinoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB kuba bona banexesha lethu nangaphezu kwabongikazi ekliniki, abaxakeke nazezinye izigulana. Ndikholelwa kwinto ethi abaXhasi boNyango lwe-Etb mabafane noDoreen. Mabancokole, bakhathale, bathandeke, bakhuthaze, bathembeke, kukwazeke ukuxhomekeka kubo, babathande ngokunyanisekileyo abanye abantu. Kufuneka babenolwazi olukhulu ngendlela abantu abane-TB abavakalelwa ngayo. Kwakhona kufuneka banxulumane nabantu babo.
Ndakusoloko ndinombulelo kuDoreen ngento andenzele yona. Imchithele ixesha lakhe elininzi engenze izinto zakhe ngalo, kodwa uDoreen ubutyebisile ubomi bam. Ndifuna ukubulela kubo bonke abaXhasi boNyango lwe-TB ngomsebenzi wabo omkhulu abawenzayo. Ndikholelweni xa ndithi umsebenzi wenu uyancomeka.
Abantu bakho ubanika NGQO amayeza.
Kufuneka UQWALASELE ukuba abantu bakho bonke bayawasela amayeza abo.
Akufuneki bantu bayekwa baziselele amayeza ngokwabo.
Kufuneka ubalandele abo bangawalandiyo amayeza abo.
Kufuneka ubanike UNYANGO lwabo abantu bakho.
Khupha UNYANGO (amayeza) olululo kumntu ngamnye.
Lubhale phantsi UNYANGO (amayeza) olukhuphileyo.
Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba abantu bakho bawathatha ngexesha elifanelekileyo amayeza, de babe baphilile.
Ngoku abantu abane-TB bangaphila ubomi besiqhelo (emakhaya, emisebenzini okanye esikolweni) lo mzuzu baphilayo.
I-DOTS alixhomanga ixabiso lazo kunonyango lwasesibhedlele.
II-DOTS isindise imiphefumlo emininzi nakumazwe ahluphekayo, angakwaziyo ukuthenga amayeza anexabiso eliphezulu..
Kutheni I-DOTS isetyenziswa kumazwe amaninzi nje?
Kufuneka ubaxhase de baphile abantu bakho.
Unyango luthatha ixesha elide kuba kunzima ukubulala intsholongwane ye-TB.
Emva nje kweevekana ezimbalwa zonyango, abantu bakho be-TB bazakuwubona umahluko. Bangade babawele nokuyeka ukutya amayeza, kanti ke umzimba wona uthatha ixesha elide ukukhupha zonke iintsholongwane ze-TB emzimbeni.
Qinisekisa wena ukuba bona bayawatya amayeza.
Wena ke njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB kufuneka ugcine onke amayeza owanikwe yikliniki okanye isibhedlele.
Akukho mntu unikwa amayeza ukuba aziselele.
Wena njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB uza kunika abantu bakho amayeza uze ubajonge xa bewasela.
Zonke iipilisi ze-TB kufuneka ziselwe ngaxesha nye. Elona xesha lingcono lelakusasa imizuzu eyi-30 phambi kwesidlo sakusasa.
Xa abantu bakho besimka, besiya kuhlala kwenye indawo thetha nomlungelelanisi wakho weTB okanye ikliniki ngento omawuyenze.
Simele ntoni isandla esivulekileyo?
Thatha ngokungathi umntu ohleli ecaleni kwakho une-TB. Yolula isandla sakho usolulele kulo mntu.
Kwiqela lenu, thethani ngeziqu zenu. Thethani izihlandlo ngezihlandlo nixelelana ngemisebenzi yenu, nento umntu ayenza kubahlali.
Xoxani ngezinto ezi zodwa ekufumana umntu enazo ukuze abe nguMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB . Kutheni ezi zikhono zibalulekile?
Ungazicinga ezinye izinto ezingavelanga kweli phepha ligqithileyo Xoxani nibhale phantsi ngezinye enizicingayo?
Xelela iqela lakho ngento ocinga ukuba ibalulekile ngesiqu sakho, okanye kutheni ucinga ukuba unganguMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB nje.?
Bhala phantsi ezo zinto zizodwa unazo ezingakwenza ube nguMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB oqaqambileyo.
Wena ke njengoMxhasi wonyango lwe-TB kufuneka uxoxe nabantu bakho.
nike izigulana zakho ze-TB amayeza ngexesha elinye qho ngemini, ukuba unakho kusasa bhale phantsi kwikhadi lonyangongalo lonke ixesha ubukele izigulana ziginya amayeza azo.
uxhase, ukhuthaze izigulana zakho lonke ixesha uzibona.
zikhuthaze zisebenzise iindlela zokutya ezinempilo.
zikhuthaze izigulane zingenise umoya endlwini ngokuvula iifestile.
zikhuthaze ezo ziselayo nezitshayayo zitshintshe izimbo zazo.
qhagamshelana nekliniki ngokukhawuleza xa izigulana ziyekile ukuwathatha amayeza azo.
yazisa umlungelelanisi we-TB xa amayeza ephelile emva kweenyanga ezi- 6.
lindela ukundwendwelwa ngumlungelelanisi we-TB nyanga nganye, ezo kojonga iirekhodi zezigulana nendlela amayeza akhutshwa ngayo.
Yenza iimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kwisigulana ngasinye makubekho iimeko zekhaya / zomsebenzi ezahlukeneyo. Unganika imizekelo kumava akho nezigulana zakho ze T.B ozaziyo.
Chaza ngendlela I-DOTS esebenza ngayo.
Zenze isigulane esinenkani kakhulu esingafuni ukuthatha amayeza. Nika izizathu. Kufuneka uMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB afumane isisombulelo kule ngxaki.
Thathani amatyeli kulo mdlali : Omnye abe sisigulana, omnye abenguMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB. Buza imibuzo ocinga ukuba ingabuzwa sisigulana. Xoxani nangaziphi na iingxaki ocinga ukuba zingavela, uze ufumane izisombulelo kuzo. Xa ufuna ukubhala phantsi amanqaku abalulekileyo, wabhale apha ngezantsi.
Qinisekisa okokuba izigulana ze-TB ziyawathatha amayeza azo.
Ukwenza oku kufuneka ugcine irekhodi echanekileyo.
wena ukuba uyazi iindlela eziphila ngayo izigulana zakho.
ukwazi ukunika ingxelo ekliniki ikliniki ikwazi ukugcina iiRegista zayo zihlaziyiwe.
Buyisela amakhadi esibhedlele okanye ekliniki, xa izigulana zilugqibile unyango.
kuyabiza ukukhupha amakhadi amaninzi, ezinye izigulana azikwazi kubhala nokufunda, ngoko bakhetha okokuba amakhadi abo agcinwe ngabaXhasi boNyango lwe-TB bona bakwaziyo ukubhala nokufunda.
ezinye izigulana zithatha amayeza lo mzuzu ziya emsebenzini, ngoko azifuni kuya namakhadi azo emsebenzini apho anokothi onakale okanye alahleke.
Kufuneka uthethe nezigulana zakho ngento yekhadi eliluhlaza loNyango lweSigulana ukuze nivumelane ukuba zifuna ukugcinelwa.
Wena, ke njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB, kufuneka ugcine ikhadi enye, apho uza kuthi ubhale phantsi lonke ixesha izigulana zisiza kulanda amayeza.
Kutheni ucinga ukuba kubalulekile ukugcina iirekhodi ezichanekileyo zeentsuku apho izigulana zithatha amayeza ngokuthe ngqo.
azalise amakhadi rhoqo za isigulana sifumana amayeza?
Sebenzani ningababini. Omnye abe sisigulana, omnye abe nguMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB. yenzani lomsebenzi, niphinde nitshintshane omnye abe nguMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB aze omnye abe sisigulana.
Ikhadi loNyango leSigulana eliluhlaza lisongwe kabini. Ubanje umphandle wekhadi wekhadi - ngamanye amazwi, iphepha lokuqala nelokugqibela.
Unje umphakathi wekhadi loNyango leSigulana eliluhlaza.
umhla. Ngeli xesha umntu esatya amayeza akanokosulela omnye umntu.
Umntu one-TB angaziva engcono ngokukhawuleza, aze agqibe ekuwayekeni amayeza. Mncede aqhubeke nokusela amayeza onke kangangeenyanga eziyi-6 de aphile.
Xa umntu wakho eyeka ukuthatha amayeza, i-TB iza kuphinda ibuye isasazeke nakwabanye abantu.
Umntu wakho uza kufumana ikhadi elinye eliluhlaza. Uze wena ugcine elinye ikhadi eliluhlaza.
uze uncede ke umntu oze kuwe unike amayeza achanekileyo xa eze kuwe.
Mjonge azisele ZONKE iipilisi.
Bhala phantsi kwikhadi lo mntu eliluhlaza, nakwelakho, xa ezithathile iipilisi.
Dibana naye zingaphelanga iiyure eziyi - 24, umkhuthaze ukuba makaqhubekeke.
Nceda nika ingxelo ekliniki okanye isibhedlele kule nombolo yomnxeba ingezantsi zingaphelanga iiyure eziyi - 24.
Irhatshalala, amehlo / isikhumba zinokuba tyheli. Xa loo nto ithe yenzeka, kubalulekile ukuba umntu aye ekliniki okanye esibhedlele, ngokukhawuleza aye kukhangelwa.
umlungelelanisi we-DOTS uza kuzama adibane nawe rhoqo ukuza kujonga inkqubo yomntu wakho.
Umntu wakho one-TB kufuneka abuyele ekliniki emva konyango lweenyanga ezi-2, kwakhona emva konyango lweenyanga ezi-5 ukuza kuxilonga izikhohlela ukuze kubonwe ukuba amayeza la ayazibulala na iintsholongwane ze-TB. Kufuneka uphinde umbuyisele ekliniki xa kuphela unyango aze kujongwa ukuba akakaphili.
Isibhedlele / ikliniki...
Abantu bakho be-TB basenokuza kuwe benoXwebhu lweMiyalelo evela ekliniki, njengale ikwiphepha elingaphesheya.
Ingcaciso engezantsi kwifomu ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye iluncedo.
Yifunde neqela lakho.
Qinisekisa ukuba yonke into uyiqondile.
Xa ningaqondi kakuhle buzani imibuzo.
Qinisekisa ukuba yonke imibuzo oyibuzwayo ngale fomu uzakukwazi ukuyiphendula.
Umntu wakho ugqiba kugqibezela unyango lweenyanga eziyi - 6. Uza kuxelela bani?
akuzokuba nyanzela abantu bakho bathathe amayeza.
Qinisekisa ukuba abantu bakho banomsebenzi wokuzincedisa baphile.
Babonise ukuba ubakhathalele, xa ufuna ukubagcina benomdla wokutya amayeza.
Phula-phula iindlela abantu bakho bevakalelwa ngayo kwiingxaki zabo. Ziphula-phule ezi ngxaki.
Abantu bakho mabajongwe nguMxhasi woNyango omnye.
Nika imiyalezo ecacileyo, uyiphinde xa kuyimfuneko (Umzekelo , "qhubekeka uthethe amayeza ngoku sowuziva ungcono").
Yakha ubudlelwane ngokuthi ubonakalise inkathalo kumntu ngamnye. Fumaneka kubantu bakho.
Yakha ubudlelwane obuluqilima nabantu bakho be-TB, ngokunjalo nakubongikazi basekliniki nakubani na ongomye onika inkxaso kubantu abane-T.
Usanda kuqalisa nonyango njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB kwaye ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu Obancedayo, baza kuphila.
Kuza kufuneka usebenze nzima kuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bakho bayalugqiba unyango. Ubudlelwano obuluqilima noMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB lwenza abantu bakwazi ukumelana nethuba elide nelinzima lonyango.
Kwiqela lenu, yilani ikhowudi yokukhathala.
xa senibhale imiba emininzi ephepheni.
Thelekisani uluhlu lwenu nekhowudi ezikwiphepha elingaphesheya.
Bhala phantsi ezona khowudi zibalulekileto zokugcina abantu bakho bekhuthazekile.
Utat'omkhulu u Jantjie ngumntu owamnkela inkam-nkam nomsebenzi othathe umhlala phantsi wasefama. Abantu bakowabo baye bahlupheka kuba waye watyhafa, wagula. Wayesoloko ediniwe, wabhitya nokubhitya, kwaye ekhohlela imini nobusuku.
Umongikazi wasekliniki wacebisa ukuba u-Susanna ancede uTat'omkhul'uJantjie. U-Susanna wadibana ke no-Jantjie, inkosikazi yakhe nentombi yabo wabachazela ngendlela azakumnceda abe ngcono ngayo. Utat'omkhulu u-Jantjie waye wayetyhafe kakhulu ukuba angahamba aye kulanda amayeza. U-Susanna wathi ke uza kumsela qho amayeza xa yena esiya emsebenzini. Wacebisa ke nakanjalo ukuba kubalulekile ukuba amayeza awasele ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusasa. Kwaye uza kuwagcina kwindawo ekhuselekileyo ekhayeni lakhe, aze amnike iipilisi yonke imihla. Wamxelela ukuba kubalulekile ukuzithatha ngexesha elinye zonke iipilisi, angaze aphose nosuku olunye lonyango.
U-Susanna wabuza kwinkosikazi kaTat'omkhulu u-Jantjie engu-Maria ukutya okutyiwa ngumyeni wakhe, waza wacebisa kwintombi yakhe okokuba ize nemifuno emininzi efama ukuze inkosikazi imphekele. Utat'omkhulu u-Jantjie kufuneka etye imifuno emininzi nangaphezu kwesidudu kunye nesonka. U-Susanna wancedisa u-Maria nentombi yakhe ukususa ibhedi bayibeka kufutshane nefestile apho imitha yelanga ingena khona kusasa. Wabacela ke ukuba bazame bayivule kangangoko banakho ifestile. Umoya ovela phandle nemitha yelanga iza kubulala iintsholongwane ze-TB baze abanye abantu abasendlwini bangabinalo ithuba lokufumane iintsholongwane ze-TB.
Ekuqalekeni utat'omkhulu u-Jantjie wayetyhafe kakhulu kodwa ke emva kwenyanga esitya amayeza e-TB, ukukhohlela kwathotha, wakwazi nokuziphakamela ebhedini. Beno-Maria bebedla ngokuvuka ekuseni balindele uSusanna. Ubebakhuthaza kakhulu, kwaye ube namandla agqithileyo nasekuseni. U-Susanna uye wezisa umoya wempilo nowethemba kula mayeza akhe. Ube ngumntu oyaziyo into ayenzayo, ewaphatha onke amayeza. Ubeye alinde ngomonde lo mzuzu utat'omkhulu u-Jantjie aginya iipilisi zakhe. Kuqala bekunzima nokuziginya, azive efuna ukugabha. Kodwa u-Susanna wacebisa u-Maria ngeendlela amakazisele ngayo. U-Maria ubesenza isidudu silunge, aze utat'omkhulu u-Jantjie asitye ngoko nangoko xa egqiba ukusela amayeza akhe Loo nto ibimnceda ayeke ukuba ngathi uza kugabha.
Wenziwa uxilongo lwesikhohlela emva kweenyanga ezi-5, ekubonakele ukuba i-TB iphantse yanyangeka. Utat'omkhulu u-Jantjie waxela ukuba uziva engcono kakhulu kangangokuba angakhe ahambe aye kubamelwane abahlala kumgama weekhilomitha ezi-5 rhoqo ngoLwezithathu, apho wazifumanela isingxungxo sokusebenza esitiyeni.
Xa nigqiba ukulifunda, xoxani, kutheni nicinga ukuba uphile msinyane, ekubeni emdala kwaye ube tyhafe kakhulu ngoku wayixelelwa ukuba une-.
Zibhaleni apha phantsi ezinye zezonto.
Wena ke njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB ungenza ngokufanayo kubantu bakho?
Abantu abagulayo banokungawatyi amayeza ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Unokufuna omnye umntu umzekelo, ilungu losapho ukuba akuncede umelane nale ngxaki.
Xa umntu one-TB engezanga kulanda mayeza into engangeveki enye, sithi unyango luphazamisekile. Kufuneka ubaxhase abantu bakho ngexesha elide lonyango.
Umxhasi woNyango lwe=TB kufuneka abazi abantu bakhe neemeko zabo, abe ngumlawuli onenkathalo.
Izizalwane zingabizwa zizo kunceda xa kuyimfuneko.
Owona mceli-mngeni woMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB kukwenza abantu babo baqhubekeke nokuthatha unyango lweenyanga ezintandathu.
Xa abantu babo bafuna ukuzinceda kwaye bafuna ukuphila ngokupheleleyo, baza kuyenza loo nto, ize loo nto yenzele uMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB umsebenzi olula. Nanjalo ngamanye amaxesha abantu babo ababinantsebenziswano.
Abantu abangawathathanga amayeza emva kweveki kuthiwa Baphazamisa uNyango.
Dwelisa izizathu ezibangela ukuba abantu abane-TB baphazamise unyango.
Ungenza ntoni xa abantu abane-TB bengafuni ukuza kulanda amayeza abo?
Ukusebenzisa utywala kakhulu kuneengxaki ezinkulu, ezinzima kuluntu oluninzi.
Abantu abaneengxaki zokusela nokusebenzisa iziyobisi kakhulu abatyi kakuhle abakwazi kulwa iintsholongwane ze-TB.
Amalungu amakhaya nabantu ekuhlaleni mabancedise abantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa utywala neziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.
Ngamanye amaxesha uNontlalo-ntle anganceda.
Kufuneka uthethe nomlungelelanisi we-TB wakho okanye umongikazi xa ufuna uncedo oluthe chatha kubantu abasebenzisa kakubi utywala neziyobisi.
Abantu abanjalo ke akusoze ubathembe ukuba bayawatya na amayeza, okanye ngeke bahlutshwe ukuba bawathathe. Kanti ke ukuba abawatyi amayeza, baza kuyisasazela nakwabanye abantu, bade babenale-TB kuthiwa yi MDR.
Nanikhe nadibana ngaphambili nabantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa utywala neziyobisi kakhulu?
Abantu abane-TB abanezingxaki ningabenza njani bavume ukuthatha amayeza abo?
kufuneka nabo bafumane amyeza ingakumbi ukuba bayancanca.
bangayifumana lula i-TB xa bedibene nabantu abane-TB. Aba bantwana mabanyangwe yonke imihla kangangenyanga ezi-4.
angamnceda umongikazi wasekliniki ngokuthi afumane abantu abadala ekudala bekhohlela abahlala kuloo ndlu.
Oomama abane-TB mabangakhulelwa de babe baphilile. Mabazinike ithuba lokuphumla phambi kokukhulelwa. Le nto iya kumlungela umama nomtwana. Oomama abane-TB.
Ezinye iimeko zifuna unyango olulodwa.
Ungacebisa ntoni kumama okanye kutata womntwana one-TB, okanye nabani na omnye ojonga umntwana?
Abantu abanesifo sikaGawulayo banokuyifumana ngokulula i-TB, kuba imizimba yabo ayikwazi ukulwa iintsholongwane ze-TB.
Abantu abanesifo sikaGawulayo abathandi kuxelela abanye abantu ukuba banaso.
Abantu abanoGawulayo bangoyika ukuphelelwa yimisebenzi yabo, xa besaziwa ukuba banaye.
wonke umntu usebenzisa indlela ekhuselekileyo yokwabelana ngesondo.
wonke umntu unomntu omnye athandana naye.
Umfazi / umyeni omnye, okanye intokazi okanye umfana omnye.
Abantu abane-TB abamelanga kuziva benentloni ngokuba benayo.
Kodwa abantu abaninzi abane-TB banesifo sikaGawulayo.
Ngamanye amaxesha abantu abane-TB abafuni kwaziwa ukuba banayo.
Banokuzoyikisela into yokokuba abantu banokucinga ukuba sebenesifo sikaGawulayo.
Wena ke njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB kufuneka uyihloniphe indlela abantu bakho abavakalelwa ngayo.
Ungathethi ngabantu bakho kwabanye abantu.
Zihloniphe izinto abakuxelela zona ngabo.
Izinto abazithethileyo mazibe lihlebo phakathi kwakho kunye nabo.
Unganceda ngeendlela ezininzi.
Unceda ukhuthaze abantu bakho abane-TB ngendlela yonyango lwe-DOTS. Kodwa ke ungenza nezinye izinto.
ukuba abantu abahlala, okanye abasebenza nabantu abane-TB, mabaxhase xa bethatha unyango de baphile.
Ungathetha uze ufundise abantu balandelayo.
Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo oza kuzenza njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB kukucebisa abantu bakho be-TB. Loo nto ithetha ukuba uza kuba mamela uze uve into abayithetha.
Kufuneka uyihlonele indlela abavakalelwa ngayo, nokuba wena uvakalelwa ngokwahlukileyo kubo. Khumbule ke ukuba kufuneka uzazi iingxaki zabo.
Abantu bakho baza kuba namaxesha okufuna uncedo nesikhokhelo kuwe kwaye kufuneka ubanike ngokuthembekileyo. Xa uyazi yonke into oyifunde nge-TB banike ulwazi nengcaciso ukwenzela ukuba bakwazi ukujongana neengxaki zabo.
Yiba ngumncedi, ubancede bakwazi ukujongana neengxaki neenzima zabo bengoyiki kwakhona benenkuthalo.
Funda kweliphepha lingaphesheya nge-TB noGawulayo. Ugawulayo yingxaki enzima kuluntu oluninzi. Abantu abaninzi bayoyika ukuthetha ngoGawulayo.
Xoxa kwiqela lakho kutheni ucinga ukuba abantu bayoyika ukuthetha ngoGawulayo.
Ungabaphendula njani abantu bakho kumnqweno wakho wokuyifihla i-TB?
Iintsholongwane ze-TB zidla ngokukhula...
Jonga ibhodi yomongikazi ekwiphepha elingaphesheya. Funda ngeendlela onganceda ngayo kwiNkqubo yoLawulo lwe-TB eNtshona-Koloni. Le nto ikuxelela ntoni ngendima oyidlalaya kuluntu lwakho njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB?
Ufundiso lwabantu bakho malusoloko lunenkqubo ezimbini.
Ukuba abantu bakho baya sokola ukuthatha amayeza abo, kufuneka ucele uncedo olungaphaya ekliniki okanye kubantu bekhaya okanye kwiqela elixhasayo.
I-TB sisifo esosulelayo esisasazeka ngokukhohlela.
Abantu mabakhohlele ngendlela enempilo - babeke izandla emlonyeni, okanye babeke itshefu emilonyeni yabo.
Abantu mabangatshiceli phantsi apho abanye banokufumana iintsholongwane khona.
Okwaloku nje alikho iyeza lokunyanga isifo esinguGawulayo.
Abantu abanoGawulayo baza kufa.
Abantu abanesifo sikaGawulayo banokucalulwa ekuhlaleni nasemsebenzini.
Abantu abanesifo sikaGawulayo abayithandi ukuba mayithethwe into yokuba banaso.
Kufuneka wena uthethe nabantu bendawo ohlalo kuye nasemsebenzini ngendlela isifo sikagawulayo esinwenwa ngayo. Baxelele ke ngeedidi. Baxelele abo bane-TB boyika ukuphuluka nemisebenzi yabo, ukuba bayaziwa.
Kufuneka wena uthethe nabantu bendawo ohlala kuyo nasemsebenzini ngendlela isifo sikaGawulayo esinwenwe ngayo. Baxelele ngendlela i-TB esasazeka ngayo. Baxelele ukuba i-TB inganyangeka, ingakumbi ngonyango lwe ndlela ye-DOTS.
Ngobani abasondeleyo kubantu abane-TB?
Abaxhasi boNyango Lwe-.
Abantu okhwela nabo xa uphangela ayingobantu abasondeleyo kuwe.
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini basondele kubazali babo, okanye nakubani omnye umntu obajongayo.
Ootitshala ezikolweni ezijonga abantwana abancinci ayingobantu basondeleyo.
Jonga kule mifanekiso ikwiphepha elingaphesheya yabantu abohlukeneyo abanokuba ngabantu abasondeleyo kubantu abane-TB. Ungacinga ngabanye abantu abanokusondela kubantu abane-TB?
Ngubani omnye onokuyifumana lula i-TB?
Wena ke njengoMxhasi woNyango lwe-TB nyanga uze unonophele abantu bakho abane-TB 1.
Ziyekeni izinto ezingezizo ezifana nokutshaya nokusela utywala 3.
Ngoku ke ugqibile ukuyifunda le ncwadi, ungaphumla udlale umdlalo odibanisa imiba emininzi obuyixoxile waze wathetha ngayo namhlanje.
Fumana lo mdlalo kumva weli phepha.
Jula idayisi ulise ngaphambili kwiinombolo zezithuba ezikhoyo. Xa lihleli kumfanekiso obonisa okuhle ngokuhlasela i-TB, xela okokuba kutheni kulungile, hambisa izithuba ezi-2 uze ulindele ityeli lakho elilandelayo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Sisekelwe kwiCandelo le-14 (2003).txt</fn>
Ngokubhekiselele kwiSebe leziNdlu leSizwe, nguMlawuli-jikelele.
IGosa leNgcaciso leSebe leziNdlu leSizwe linakho ukunikezela kwiSekela leGosa leNgcaciso leli Sebe ngamagunya okanye ngomsebenzi onikezelwa okanye otyathiswe iGosa leNgcaciso ngulo mThetho.
Lusenokurhoxiswa nangaliphi na ixesha okanye lihlaziywe ngokubhalwe phantsi nguloo mntu ulinikezeleyo.
UMlawuli-jikelele weSebe leziNdlu kufuneka anyule inani elifanelekileyo labantu njengamaSekela eGosa leNgcaciso ngenjongo yokwenza ukuba iSebe leziNdlu leSizwe libe nokufikeleleka kangangoko linakho kubenzi-zicelo zokufikelela kwinkcazelo esencwadini.
IGosa leNgcaciso leSebe leziNdlu leSizwe liya kuba nolawulo oluphangaleleyo kulo naliphi na iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso kweli Sebe.
Umenzi-sicelo ofuna ukufumana incwadi equlathe ingcaciso engeenkcukacha zomenzi-sicelo.
Negama lomntu xa livela nezinye iinkcukacha ezingomntu lowo, okanye xa ukudizwa kwegama kuya kudiza ingcaciso ngomntu lowo kodwa kungaqukwa ingcaciso engomntu ominyaka ingaphaya kwama-20 wabhubhayo.
Loo maqumrhu karhulumente kuphela asebenzisa igunya loburhulumente okanye enza umsebenzi woburhulumente ngokwemiqathango yomthetho.
NeSebe leziNdlu leSizwe kodwa ke ngokweenjongo zecandelo 34 lalo mThetho, ukubhekisa 'kumntu' kumhlathi (a) naku-(b) kufuneka kuthathwe njengokubhekisa 'kumntu uqobo'.
Ngokuphathelele kwiSebe leziNdlu leSizwe, uSomagunya ofanelekileyo uthetha umPhathiswa ojongene neSebe leziNdlu leSizwe okanye umntu obekwe ngokubhalwe phantsi nguloo mPhathiswa.
Ithetha iKhomishoni yamaLungelo oLuntu yoMzantsi-Afrika ekubhekiswa kuyo kwicandelo 181 (b) lomGaqo-siseko.
esezandleni okanye ephantsi kolawulo lwequmrhu likarhulumente nokuba yayisungulwe okanye yayingasungulwanga lelo qumrhu likarhulumente.
Xa naliphi na inani leentsuku libalelwa ukwenziwa kwayo nayiphi na into okanye libalelwa nayiphi na injongo, usuku lokuqala aluyi kubalwa kanti usuku lokugqibela luya kubalwa, ngaphandle kokuba usuku lokugqibela lungeCawa okanye ngomhla oyi holide kawonkewonke, apho ixesha losuku lokuqala lingayi kubalwa, kwaye lingayi kubalwa ngazo zonke iiCawa okanye iiholide zikawonkewonke UmThetho woToliko umThetho onguNo. 33 wowe-1957.
Kuthethwa naluphi na usuku ngaphandle komGqibelo, iCawa nosuku oluyiholide kawonkewonke njengoko kuchaziwe kwicandelo 1 lomThetho weeHolide zikaWonkewonke, 1994 (umThetho onguNo. 36 we-1994).
ekubhekiswa kuwo kolu xwebhu njengomThetho uqale ukusebenza ngomhla we-9 kweyoKwindla 2001, kwaye ugxininisa ukubaluleka kokufikeleleka kolwazi kwilizwe elivulelekileyo, lentando yesininzi nelenzela izinto ekuhleni. Lo mThetho ugxininisa igunya lecandelo 32 lomQulu wamaLungelo womGaqo-siseko kwaye kufanele ukuba utolikwe njengomthetho ofezekisa ilungelo lomgaqo-siseko.
b nakulo naluphi na ulwazi olusezandleni zomnye umntu olufunelwa ukuze lusetyenziselwe nawaphi na amalungelo.
Kufuneka kwenziwe umthetho wesizwe oya kuthi ufezekise eli lungelo, kanjalo ube nokubonelela ngamanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuphungula umthwalo wezolawulo nowezemali kurhulumente.
babe nokuyazi imisebenzi nendlela asebenza ngayo amaqumrhu karhulumente babe nokuphonononga nokuthabatha inxaxheba ngokufanelekileyo ekuthathweni kwezigqibo ngamaqumrhu karhulumente achaphazela amalungelo abo.
Zonke iincwadi zeKhabhinethi (isiGqeba soLawulo) neekomiti zayo, imisebenzi yeenkundla zamatyala, iinkundla ezizodwa okanye igosa lezobulungisa okanye ilungu lePalamente okanye leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.
Qaphela: Isikhokelo asithathi ndawo yomThetho kwaye kufuneka sifundwe kunye nomThetho nemiMiselo.
Luxanduva lweKhomishoni yamaLungelo oLuntu yoMzantsi-Afrika ukuqulunqa isikhokelo ngendlela elula enokufunwa ngumntu onqwenela ukusebenzisa naliphi na ilungelo elichatshazelwa ngumThetho.
Esi sikhokelo siya kufumaneka ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni kwaye siya kufumaneka kwiKhomishoni yamaLungelo oLuntu yoMzantsi-Afrika ingaphelanga inyanga yeThupha (Agasti) 2003.
Injongo yesi sikhokelo kukwazisa abantu ngendlela yokufikelela kwiincwadi eziqulathe ulwazi ezikugcino lweSebe leziNdlu leSizwe kwaye sifezekisa iCandelo 14 lalo mThetho.
Qaphela: Esi sikhokelo simele kuphela iSebe leziNdlu leSizwe kwaye asiquki ulwazi kunye okanye iincwadi zamasebe amaphondo ahlukeneyo.
Yonke imicimbi yomThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi iya kuphathwa liziko lomThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi.
ISebe leziNdlu leSizwe lifuna ukuhlangabezana nezi njongo zilandelayo ukuze libe nokufezekisa umsebenzi walo ongundoqo: (uXwebhu lwesiCwangciso soLawulo, nangona lungekamkelwa).
Ukuphucula ukusulungeka kwenkonzo ngokupheleleyo ukuze sibe lisebe elitshintshileyo, elijolise kumsebenzi walo.
Ukuba nombono neenjongo zolawulo ezifanelekileyo ngawo onke amaxesha kwiimfanelo zopolitiko nakwimeko yeziNdlu.
Ukuba sibe lisebe elihamba phambili ekuxhobiseni abantu ngolwazi ngezindlu nangeendawo zokuhlala kwilizwe liphela nasekwenzeni ukufikelela kulwazi ngokukhawuleza nangokucacileyo ngawo onke amaxesha.
Indima ephambili karhulumente wesizwe "kukuseka nokuququzelela inkqubo yophuhliso lweziNdlu ezingatshitshiyo" emva kokuba kudliwene iindlebe nabo bolithoba abaphathiswa bamaphondo abajongene nezindlu kunye nombutho wesizwe omele oomasipala (uManyano looRhulumente beeNgingqi boMzantsi-Afrika - iSALGA ngokwasesilungwini).
Khona ukuze kube nokuququzelelwa kuze kusekwe inkqubo yesizwe yophuhliso lweziNdlu engatshitshiyo, urhulumente wesizwe, omelwe ngumPhathiswa weziNdlu, kufuneka enze imisebenzi emininzi ephambili.
Unxibelelwano: Uphakamisa unxibelelwano olufezekileyo ngokuphathelele kuphuhliso lweziNdlu.
Athabathe amanyathelo afuneka ngokufanelekileyo ekwenzeni imeko efanele bonke abachaphazelekayo nabantu ngokubanzi ukuze kube nokufezekiswa iinjongo zabo ngokuphathelele kuphuhliso lweziNdlu.
Inkonzo ephambili elibonelela ngayo isebe kukuqulunqwa nokulondolozwa komgaqo-nkqubo nomthetho, zinto ezo zifuneka ngamandla ekuququzelelweni kwenkqubo engatshitshiyo yophuhliso lweziNdlu kwinqanaba lesizwe. Le njongo yiyo ekhokelele ekuwisweni komThetho weziNdlu, wowe-1997 (umThetho onguNo. 107 wowe-1997), ekuququzelelweni komgaqo weziko elijongene nalo msebenzi kwaneziCwangciso zeziNdlu zeSizwe ezinika imiyalelo nolawulo kuncedo lweziNdlu lukaRhulumente nakwiinkqubo zenkxaso. Isebe libuya liququzelele ukwabelwa kwamaphondo alithoba uhlahlo-mali lonyaka lweziNdlu. Ukwabelwa kwamaphondo kwenziwa ngenjongo yokuba abe nakho ukuqhubela phambili nokuxhasa ngemali iziCwangciso zeziNdlu zeSizwe kunye neziCwangciso zeziNdlu zamaPhondo ezihambelana nomGaqo-nkqubo weziNdlu weSizwe.
Uphuhliso lweziNdlu lwenzeka phantsi kolawulo olusulungekileyo nolucwangcisiweyo kwaye luphunyezwa ngoorhulumente bamaphondo noomasipala. Igunya lokuthathwa kwezigqibo ngokuphathelele kwiziCwangciso zeziNdlu zeSizwe likubaphathiswa abajongene nezindlu kubo bolithoba oorhulumente bamaphondo.
Oomasipala basenokwenza isicelo kubaphathiswa bamaphondo sokwamkeleka kwabo ukuba balawule iziCwangciso zeziNdlu zeSizwe, ukuze ukuba bathe baphumelela, babe negunya lokwenza izigqibo ngokuphathelele kwiziCwangciso zeziNdlu zeSizwe.
INational Home Builders Registration Council (I-NHBRC): INHBRC ijongene nokhuselo lwabanini-zindlu ngokuthi ibonelele ngokhuselo lwewaranti ngokubhekiselele kumonakalo kwizindlu ezintsha. Ikwalawula ushishino lokwakha ngokuthi iququzelele ubhaliso lwabakhi kwi-NBHRC kwanokulawula iindlela ezamkelekileyo zokuziphatha nomgangatho wokwakhiwa kweziNdlu ngenjongo yokuphucula umgangatho weziNdlu ngokweminqweno yabanini-zindlu. Zonke izindlu eziza kwakhiwa kufuneka zibhaliswe kwi-NBHRC kwaye ibhunga lona liya kuthi libonelele ngeenkonzo ezithile kushishino lokwakha nakubanini-zindlu.
INURCHA yona ijongene nokubonelela ngesiqinisekiso senkxaso-mali sethuba elithile kubakhi, ngeziqinisekiso zenkxaso-mali kubanini-zindlu ngenjongo yokuncedana nabantu abamivuzo iphantsi ukuze babe nakho ukufikelela kudidi olubolekwa imali yokwakha kwaye ikwabonelela nangesibonelelo sokuphuhliswa kwezakhono kuluntu ukuze kube nokuququzelelwa uphuhliso loluntu. Eli ziko likwajongene nesikim solondolozo lwesizwe esincedisa abantu abamivuzo iphantsi ukuba babe nokulondolozela imali yenkxaso yeziNdlu.
Eli ziko lelokuphuhlisa imali ngenjongo yokubonelela ngemali-mboleko yeziNdlu ngendlela engatshitshiyo kubantu abamivuzo iphantsi. Kulo mba, i-NHFC ithembisa ngokuxhasa ngemali abalamleli ngenjongo yokukhuthaza ufikelelo olubanzi kwizindlu, ukwakha izakhono ezaneleyo nezingatshitshiyo kwimibutho eyixhasa ngemali, nokungenela kubambiswano ngenjongo yokusungula iindlela ezintsha zenkxaso-mali.
Iziko eli lijolise ekunikezeleni ngamatyala emali njengoko ibolekisa ngemali kumaziko akha izindlu angagungqiyo, kubabolekisi ngemali abangezizo iibhanki nakwiibhanki ukuba zincede amakhaya ahlelelekileyo. Likwabonelela kwakhona ngemali elinganayo likwenza oko ngesibonelelo sesakhono sokukhuliswa kwemali ngamaziko ezindlu namaziko angezizo iibhanki. Injongo yokuphuhliswa kwezakhono iqondakala kuncedo lwamaziko asakhasayo namatsha ukuze abe nakho ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngokuzeleyo kwimarike.
I-SHF ijolise kwinkxaso yemarike yamaziko ezindlu. Oku kufumaneka ngokubonelela ngoqeqesho, iingcebiso nangenkxaso yobuchwepheshe kumaziko ezindlu asakhasayo nasele ezimele. Ikwancedisa umPhathiswa ekuqulunqeni umgaqo-nkqubo ofanelekileyo kwanendlela yolawulo efanelekileyo ngokuphathelele kumcimbi weziNdlu. I-SHF ikwaququzelela ukufikelela kwisipho senkxaso-mali samaphulo ezindlu.
Eli ziko lasekwa njengenxalenye yephulo ekubanjisenwe ngalo ziibhanki norhulumente. Lasekelwa ukuba lijongane nemali-mboleko ethile nezinto ezisezandleni zeebhanki ngenxa yeemali-mboleko ezingahlawulekiyo kunye nokungemi kakuhle kwemarike yemali-mboleko yoMzantsi-Afrika obekukho ngowe-1994. ISERVCON incedisa ekuchongeni abantu abafumana uncedo abangahlawuliyo ize yenze nabo izicwangciso ezitsha zokuhlawula amatyala abo emali-mboleko okanye, xa imeko yemali inyanzelisa ngolunye uhlobo, iye ibakhuphele kwizindlu abaya kufikelela kwintlawulo yazo. Kwakweli phulo, iziko elahlukileyo lonikezelo lweenkonzo lasekwa kwaye laziwa ngokuba yiThubelitsha Home. Lona ke lizibophelele kulwakhiwo lweziNdlu ezibukhulu bufanelekileyo.
Ukuze kube nokufikelelwa kwiinkonzo zeSebe leziNdlu leSizwe, kufuneka kufakwe izicelo kuMlawuli-jikelele weli Sebe.
Ukuqulunqwa komgaqo-nkqubo nendlela yolawulo lweziNdlu zesizwe kunye nokwamkelwa kwawo kwenzeka kwinkqubo ecwangcisiweyo. Ngokuphathelele koku ke, udliwanondlebe nabantu lwenziwa lube sisinyanzelo ngokwenziwa komThetho weziNdlu, wowe-1997. UmPhathiswa weSizwe nguye onoxanduva lokuqulunqa umgaqo-nkqubo nesicwangciso solawulo lweziNdlu zesizwe. Oku kwenziwa ngenkqubo yodliwanondlebe eququzelelwa licandelo leSebe leziNdlu, i-MINMEC. Icandelo leziNdlu, iMINMEC libandakanya umPhathiswa weziNdlu nabaPhathiswa bamaphondo abalithoba abajongene nezindlu koorhulumente bamaphondo kunye noManyano looRhulumente beeNgingqi boMzantsi-Afrika i-SALGA ngokwesilungu.
Isebe libamba udliwanondlebe, amaxesha ngamaxesha, ngokubanzi ngemiba yomgaqo-nkqubo nesicwangciso solawulo kwaye imisebenzi elolo hlobo idla ngokwenziwa ngeendibano zodliwanondlebe nangeentlanganiso zeziNdlu zesizwe.
Umgaqo obalulekileyo ngowokuba nabani na ongummi welizwe uyafikelela kumaqumrhu athatha izigqibo ngenkqubo yombuso wentando yesininzi yeRiphabhliki. Nangona kunjalo, isebe lizimisele ukudlana iindlebe ngokubanzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngokuphathelele kumgaqo-nkqubo weziNdlu nendlela yokulawula zexesha elizayo.
Amarekhodi adweliswe apha ngezantsi afumaneka engakhange abe aceliwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho. La marekhodi akapapashwa kwigazethi karhulumente njengoko kufuneka kwenziwe ngokomThetho.
ayafumaneka njengekopi. Ikho imali ehlawulelwa ukwenziwa kweekopi. Jonga kumhlathi 6.
Imigaqo yeenkonzo zangaphandle: ingxelo yezemali nokunika ingxelo ngomsebenzi.
Imigaqo yeenkonzo zangaphandle: isikhokelo solawulo ngemiyalelo karhulumente nezinto ezifuna ingqwalasela ephambili.
Imigaqo yeenkonzo zangaphandle: umgaqo-nkqubo weziNdlu nophuhliso lowiso-mthetho nophononongo.
ImiGaqo yeXwebhu lwesiBhambathiso kunye noXwebhu lwesiBhambathiso oluHlaziyiweyo.
Ingxelo yokudalwa kwamathuba empangelo.
Iingxelo zekota ngegalelo loqoqosho olukhulu kulwakhiwo lweziNdlu, kwimigangatho yogcino-mali nakuqoqosho oluncinane.
Izalathiso zeziNdlu ezakhiweyo kwiphondo ngalinye.
Qaphela: Imiqathango yecandelo 5 lomThetho liyicacisa kakuhle into yokuba umThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi awuquki imiqathango yawo nawuphi na umthetho ongomnye othintela okanye owalela ukudizwa kolwazi nongangqamaniyo neenjongo okanye imiqathango ecacileyo yomThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi.
Ukufikelela kulwazi olukwezi ncwadi zidweliswe apha ngezantsi kwenziwa ngokwesicelo esichatshazelwe kwimiqathango yomThetho. Ezi ncwadi zinokucelwa kumaSekela eGosa leNgcaciso eSebe leziNdlu leSizwe kulandelwa imigaqo yesicelo echazwe kumhlathi ongezantsi.
Itheyibhile 2: Iincwadi ezinokucelwa ngokomThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, umThetho onguNo.
IsiNgesi lolona lwimi luya kusetyenziswa kulo mThetho.
UMenzi-sicelo kufuneka alandele imigaqo echazwe kulo mThetho (eshwankathelwe apha ngezantsi), okt. zizicelo ezenziwe ngokwemigaqo echatshazelwe apha ngezantsi kuphela eziya kuqwalaselwa.
Ukufikelela kwincwadi equlathe ulwazi kungaliwa kuphela ngezizathu ezichazwe kulo mThetho. (Jonga kumhlathi 6.3).
Kucetyiswa ukuba umenzi-sicelo azazi ukuba ukuluphi na udidi lomenzi-sicelo ngokwezi ntsingiselo zilandelayo.
Isicelo sokufikelela kulwazi kufuneka senziwe ngokuzaliswa kwefom yesicelo echazwe liSebe leziNdlu leSizwe kuhlawulwe imali yesicelo ize ithunyelwe kwiSekela leGosa leNgcaciso.
Ngokuthi ilandwe kwiSebe leziNdlu leSizwe okanye kwiziko lokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi.
Umenzi-sicelo ongakwaziyo ukufunda / ukubhala okanye onesinye isikhwasilima angasenza isicelo ngomlomo. Isicelo esenziwe ngomlomo siya kubhalwa kwifom yesicelo kwaye umenzi-sicelo uya kunikwa ikopi yayo ifom leyo.
Ifom kufuneka isayinwe ngumenzi-sicelo. Umenzi-sicelo kufuneka asayine onke amaphepha ongezelelweyo oxwebhu olongezwe kwifom.
Amagosa eziko lokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi nawo kungaqhagamshelwana nawo kwaye aya kunceda ekusungulweni kwesicelo.
Kucetyiswa ukuba intlawulo yemali yesicelo engama-R35.00, ngaphandle kwesicelo esicela iinkcukacha zomntu, ifakwe okanye ihanjiswe nefom yesicelo. ISebe leziNdlu leSizwe lamkela imali eziinkozo, iipostal oda, izitampu zengeniso, amakhadi emali-mboleko neetshekhi ezingatshintshekiyo (iitshekhi neepostal oda kufuneka zijoliswe KWISEBE LEZINDLU kwaye kukho ixesha lokuhlolwa kwetshekhi eliziintsuku ezili-10 zokusebenza). (Jonga kumhlathi 6.2).
Ngokuyithumela ngefeksi (kodwa kuphela xa kungekho mali yesicelo ihlawulwayo).
Kucetyiswa ukuba umenzi-sicelo azigcinele ikopi yesicelo.
Qaphela: iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso alinakusala isicelo sokufikelela kulwazi ngesizathu sokuba ifom izaliswe ngobuqhitala, ngaphandle kokuba umenzi-sicelo wazisiwe (PAIA-REQ01) ngenjongo yokwaliwa kwesicelo, kwaye kunikwe nezizathu ezingunozala wokwaliwa kwaso kwaye igosa liye lazinikezela ekuncediseni umenzi-sicelo ekwenzeni isicelo kwifom eya kuguzula izizathu zokwaliwa kwesicelo. iCandelo 192.
Kwaye ihlawulwe imali yesicelo (efunekayo).
Ngesaziso semali ehlawulwayo (xa ikho).
Qaphela: Xa iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso lithe alenza mpendulo kwiintsuku ezingama-60 (kuqukwa neentsuku zexesha elandisiweyo) isicelo sifanele ukuba sithathwe njengesaliweyo kwaye umenzi-sicelo angafaka isibheno sangaphakathi. [ICandelo 27].
Imali yesicelo, eyimali efanayo kwaye ihlawulwa kube kanye. Le mali ingama-R35,00. Le mali kufuneka ihlawulwe phambi kokuba sibe nokuqwalaselwa isicelo kwaye iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso kufuneka limazisile umenzi-sicelo (ngembalelwano) ngokuhlawulwa kwale mali.
Qaphela: Imali yesicelo ayihlawulwa xa isicelo sibhekiselele kwiinkcukacha zomntu. Icandelo 221.
Imali yokufikelela kulwazi iquka ukhutshelo, ukukhangelwa, ukulungiswa neendleko zokuposa xa kuyimfanelo.
Qaphela: Ukuba ukukhangelwa nokulungiswa kweenkcukacha eziceliweyo kuthatha ixesha elingaphaya kweeyure ezintandathu, kufuneka umenzi-sicelo ehlawule idipozithi esisinye esithathwini semali yokufikelela kulwazi, ngaphandle kwesicelo esibhekiselele kwiinkcukacha zomntu. ISekela leGosa lengcaciso liya kumazisa umenzi-sicelo ngembalelwano ngokubhekiselele kwidipozithi ehlawulwayo. Xa isicelo sithe saliwa, iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso kufuneka liyibuyisele idipozithi ehlawulweyo kumenzi-sicelo. Icandelo 222b.
Imali ebekiweyo ishwankathelwe apha ngezantsi ngokwemiqathango yesiGaba II sesiHlokomiso sikaRhulumente (R187) esipapashwe kwiGazethi kaRhulumente ngomhla we-15 kweyoMdumba (Februwari) 2002.
Imali yokhutshelo icandelo 153 isebenza ekukhutshelweni kweencwadi eziveliswa ngokuthanda okanye ezifumanekayo nje.
Imali ehlawulwa ngekopi yesikhokelo njengoko kuchaziwe kummiselo 5, zii-R0.60 ngekopi nganye yephepha elibukhulu bungu-A4 okanye inxalenye yalo.
Imali yokukhangela neyokulungisa ulwazi olucelwayo f Ukukhangela nokulungisa incwadi equlathe ulwazi olucelwayo li-R15.00 ngeyure nganye okanye inxalenye yayo ethe yachithelwa ekukhangeleni okanye ekulungiseni ulwazi olucelwayo, ngaphandle kweyure yokuqala.
Imali yokuposa ihlawulwa xa ikopi yencwadi kufuneka iposelwe kumenzi-sicelo.
ISebe leziNdlu leSizwe liya kukhupha irisithi xa kuhlawulwe ngemali, ngepostal oda nangezitampu zaserevenyu. Mayela neetshekhi, kuya kwenziwa isaziso sethutyana de ibe itshekhi ihlawulekile, kwaye irisithi iya kukhutshwa ngelo xesha.
Umenzi-sicelo unakho ukufaka isibheno ngaphakathi okanye ukwenza isicelo enkundleni ngentlawulo yemali. (Jonga kumhlathi 6.4).
Isicelo sisenokwaliwa ukuba umenzi-sicelo uthe akayisela so imigaqo ebekiweyo emva kokuba ethe waziswa ngenjongo yokwaliwa kwesicelo liSekela leGosa leNgcaciso.
UmThetho uchaphazela izizathu ekufuneka kwaliwe okanye ekunokwaliwa ngazo isicelo sokukhutshwa kolwazi.
nemeko apho kungenakwaliwa khona ukukhutshwa kolwazi nemeko apho ukukhutshwa kolwazi kugunyazisiwe ngokomdla woluntu. [ICandelo 46].
Ngokwenjongo yesi sikhokelo, zizizathu kuphela ekufuneka kwaliwe ngazo ukufikelela kulwazi eziya kuchatshazelwa.
Ukhuselo ngokusemthethweni lwesidima "somnye umntu" osenokuba "liziko elisekiweyo", okt. ukuba ukudizwa kolo lwazi kuya kubandakanya ukudizwa okungafanelekanga kweenkcukacha zomntu buqu "ngomntu wesithathu", kuqukwa nomntu ongasekhoyo iCandelo 341.
Ukhuselo olusemthethweni lweencwadi ezithile zeZiko leNgeniso yoMzantsi-Afrika, okt. iGosa leNgcaciso leZiko leNgeniso yoMzantsi-Afrika kufuneka yale isicelo serekhodi yeZiko leNgeniso yoMzantsi-Afrika ukuba iqulathe ingcaciso eyafunyanwa okanye ekugcino lweZiko leNgeniso yoMzantsi-Afrika ngeenjongo zokusebenzisa umthetho ophathelele kuqokelelo lwengeniso njengoko kuchaziwe kwicandelo 1 lomThetho weziko leNgeniso yoMzantsi-Afrika, 1997 umThetho 34 we-1997 iCandelo 351.
Ukhuselo olusemthethweni lwenkcazelo yezorhwebo "yomnye umntu /yelinye iqela", okt.
inkcazelo yezemali, yezorhwebo, yezobugqi (inzululwazi) okanye yezobuchwepheshe ngaphandle kweemfihlelo zorhwebo "zomnye umntu/zelinye iqela", okunokuthi ukudizwa kwayo konakalise umdla wezorhwebo okanye wezemali "womnye umntu/welinye iqela"; okanye inkcazelo enikezelwe njengendaba yakwamkhozi "ngomnye umntu/lelinye iqela" okunokuthi ukudizwa kwayo kubeke "omnye umntu/elinye iqela" emngciphekweni kukhuphiswano lwezivumelwano okanye kuthethathethwano olulolunye, okanye kudlelelelwe "omnye umntu/elinye iqela" elo kukhuphiswano lwezorhwebo.
Ukhuselo olusemthethweni lwenkcazelo ethile eyimfihlelo "yomnye umntu/yelinye iqela", okt. iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso kufuneka lisale isicelo ukuba ukudizwa kwenkcazelo ecelwayo kutolikeka njengesenzo sokwaphulwa kwesithembiso senkcazelo eyimfihlelo "somnye umntu/selinye iqela" ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano ekufikelelwe kuso icandelo 371a.
Ukhuselo olusemthethweni lokhuseleko lwabantu nokhuselo lwempahla, okt. iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso lisale isicelo ukuba ukudizwa kwenkcazelo ecelwayo kungalindeleka ukuba kube nobungozi kubomi okanye kukhuseleko lomntu iCandelo 38a.
Ukhuselo olusemthethweni lwamadokethi amapolisa kwiinkqubo zebheyile nokhuselo lokunyanzeliswa komthetho nakwiinkqubo zomthetho, okt. iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso lisale isicelo ukuba ukufumaneka kwaloo ncwadi akuvumelekanga ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 60 14 lomThetho womGaqo woLwaphulomthetho, 1977 umThetho 51 we-1977 iCandelo 391a.
Ukhuselo olusemthethweni lweencwadi ezingenakukhutshwa kwiinkqubo zomthetho, okt. iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso kufuneka lisale isicelo ukuba incwadi ecelwayo yincwadi engenakukhutshwa kwiinkqubo zomthetho ngaphandle kokuba umntu onelungelo kwiwonga elo uliyekile [iCandelo 40].
Ukhuselo olusemthethweni lwenkcazelo yophando "yomnye umntu/yelinye iqela" nokhuselo lwenkcazelo yophando lwequmrhu likawonke wonke, okt.
umntu oqhuba okanye oza kuqhuba uphando egameni "lomnye umntu /lelinye iqela" okanye umongo wophando.
Isicelo esibhekiswa enkundleni [iCandelo 78-82].
Qaphela: Izicelo ezibhekiswa kwinkundla yamatyala zinokwenziwa kuphela emva kokuba umenzi-sicelo, umenzi-sicelo weenkcukacha zomntu okanye zomnye umntu /zelinye iqela liyihambe yonke imigaqo yesiBheno sangaPhakathi. ICandelo 7891.
IsiBheno sangaPhakathi sithetha ukubhenela 'kuSomagunya ofanelekileyo' ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 74 lalo mThetho. Ngokubhekiselele kwiSebe leziNdlu leSizwe, 'uSomagunya ofanelekileyo' ngumPhathiswa weSebe leziNdlu okanye umntu obekwe ngembalelwano ngumPhathiswa weziNdlu.
Imigaqo yesiBheno sangaPhakathi ixhomekeke kubukho beqonga elo kwiqumrhu likarhulumente eliya kuthi libe nokuququzelela isiBheno sangaPhakathi.
Umenzi-sicelo, umenzi-sicelo weenkcukacha zomntu okanye "zomnye umntu/zelinye iqela" lingafaka isiBheno sangaphakathi ukuba alanelisekanga sisigqibo esenziwe liGosa leNgcaciso okanye iSekela leGosa leNgcaciso ngesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi.
ekwandisweni kwexesha lokuqwalaselwa kwesicelo [iCandelo 26]; okanye ekwaliweni kwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi iCandelo 25 c; okanye kwintlawulo yemali, okt.
okanye kudidi lokufikelela kulwazi oluvunyiweyo iCandelo 252c.
Qaphela: Kule meko ukufikelela kwirekhodi enolwazi kunokunikwa kuphela xa sele isigqibo sokuvunywa kwesicelo siqinisekisiwe iCandelo 299.
Xa kufakwa isiBheno sangaPhakathi, umenzi-sicelo, umenzi-sicelo weenkcukacha zomntu okanye "zomnye umntu/elinye iqela" kufanele/kufuneka asifake ngexesha elithile emva kokwaziswa/kokuxelelwa ngesigqibo seSekela leGosa leNgcaciso.
Umenzi-sicelo (okt. umenzi-sicelo weenkcukacha zomntu, umenzi-sicelo, okanye umenzi-sicelo egameni lomnye umntu), zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-60 emva kokuba umenzi-sicelo ezisiwe ngesigqibo.
Elinye iqela/amanye amaqela, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuba iqela elo lazisiwe ukuba isicelo sokufikelela kulwazi sivunyiwe.
Qaphela: Ukufakwa kwesiBheno sangaPhakathi emva kwexesha elibekiweyo kunakho ukwamkelwa ukuba zikho izizathu ezivakalayo zokuba sifakwe emva kwexesha. Ukuba asivunywanga, umntu lowo ufaka isicelo uya kwaziswa ngesigqibo iCandelo 752ab.
Okwakaloku nje, akukho mali ibizwayo ngokufakwa kwesiBheno sangaPhakathi.
Xa kufakwa isiBheno sangaPhakathi, umenzi-sicelo okanye elinye iqela kufuneka lizalise ifom "yesaZiso sesiBheno sangaPhakathi" yeSebe leziNdlu leSizwe.
Ngokuthi ilandwe kwiSebe leziNdlu leSizwe okanye kwiziko lokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi.
Ifom yesiBheno sangaPhakathi inokuzaliswa ngesandla okanye ngokuyichwetheza kwikhompyutha xa ikhutshwe kwisiza sentungelwano.
Onke amaphepha angamanye oxwebhu ongezelelwe kwifom yesiBheno sangaPhakathi kufuneka asayinwe ngumbheni.
ngokuyisa buqu kwiZiko lokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, ngokuthi inikezelwe kwidilesi yesitalato echaziweyo okanye ngokuyithumela ngefeksi.
Kucetyiswa ukuba umenzi-sicelo azigcinele ikopi yefom yesiBheno sangaPhakathi asifakileyo.
ISekela leGosa leNgcaciso kufuneka lisinikezele isiBheno sangaPhakathi kuSomagunya ofanelekileyo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-10.
KuSomagunya ofanelekileyo kufuneka azise elinye iqela/ amanye amaqela achaphazelekayo ngokukhawuleza, kodwa zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30, ngeyona ndlela ikhawulezileyo, emva kokuba efumene isiBhene sangaPhakathi esifakwe ngumenzi-sicelo ngokwaliwa kwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi. (PAIA-APP-02).
USomagunya ofanelekileyo kufuneka azise umenzi-sicelo ochaphazelekayo ngokukhawuleza, kodwa zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30, ngeyona ndlela ikhawulezileyo, emva kokuba efumene isiBhene sangaPhakathi esifakwe liqela lesithathu/ngamaqela esithathu ngokuvunywa kwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi. (PAIA-APP-03).
Qaphela: Elinye iqela okanye umenzi-sicelo angathi, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-21 emva kokuba exelelwe, enze inkcazo ebhaliweyo kuSomagunya ofanelekileyo ebeka izizathu ezifanele ukuba singavunywa ngazo isicelo okanye izizathu ezifanele ukuba sivunywe ngazo isicelo. ICandelo 7651.
okanye zingaphelanga iintsuku ezi-5 emva kokuba umenzi-sicelo enze inkcazo ebhaliweyo ngesiBheno sangaPhakathi esenziwe lelinye iqela /ngamanye amaqela.
Ukuba ulwazi ngesiBheno sangaPhakathi lufunyenwe ngendlela eyiyenye, ngaphandle koSomagunya ofanelekileyo, kufanele kwenziwe inkcazo ebhaliweyo okanye eyomlomo ithunyelwe kuSomagunya ofanelekileyo echaza isizathu sokuba kutheni isicelo sokufikelela kulwazi kufanele saliwe nje.
esiqinisekisa isigqibo esingunobangela wesibheno okanye esitsha endaweni yeso sibe ngunobangela wesibheno.
Qaphela: Ukuba uSomagunya ofanelekileyo akasenzanga isaziso sesigqibo esithathiweyo ngesibheno kwiintsuku ezingama-30, kufanele kuqondwe ukuba isiBheno sangaPhakathi sichithiwe, kwaye umenzi-sicelo angafaka isicelo kwinkundla yamatyala. ICandelo 777.
kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo okanye kwenye inkundla enewonga elifana nayo okanye kwiNkundla kaMantyi echotshelwe ngumantyi otyunjwe ngembalelwano ngumPhathiswa wezobuLungisa.
IBhodi yemiGaqo yeeNkundla zomThetho kufuneka iqulunqe ize ifezekise inkqubo yemigaqo yenkundla kwaye le migaqo kufuneka yamkelwe yiPalamente phambi kokuba ibe nokupapashwa kwiGazethi.
Izicelo kufuneka zibhekiswe kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo okanye kwenye inkundla ekwanewonga elifana nayo ide ibe iqulunqiwe inkqubo yemigaqo.
Iinkqubo zesicelo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 78 lomThetho ziinkqubo zembambano zoluntu, kwaye ngoko ke imigaqo yobungqina esebenza kwiinkqubo zembambano zoluntu iyasebenza kulo mThetho.
Umenzi-sicelo, umenzi-sicelo weenkcukacha zomntu okanye elinye iqela bangafaka isicelo kwinkundla yamatyala kuphela emva kokuba beyilandele yonke inkqubo.
Umenzi-sicelo, umenzi-sicelo weenkcukacha zomntu okanye zelinye iqela basenokufaka isicelo sokufumana isiqabu esifanelekileyo kwinkundla yamatyala zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30.
ngesigqibo esithathiweyo esiphathelele kwintlawulo yemali yesicelo, imali yokufikelela kulwazi okanye idipozithi yemali yokufikelela kulwazi okanye ngesigqibo esithathiweyo esiphathelele ekuvunyweni kwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi kodwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunaleyo bekucelwe yona.
ngesigqibo esithathiweyo esiphathelele kwintlawulo yemali yesicelo, imali yokufikelela kulwazi okanye idipozithi yemali yokufikelela kulwazi okanye ngesigqibo esithathiweyo esiphathelele ekuvunyweni kwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi kodwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunaleyo bekucelwe yona.
Umyalelo ophathelele kwiindleko.
Ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 649d yomThetho woMkhuseli woLuntu, njengoko ulungisiwe, uMkhuseli woLuntu ngumntu onesakhono sokuphanda ngokubona kwakhe okanye xa athe wafumana isikhalazo okanye isicelo esiphathelele kumsebenzi okanye kulawulo lomThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, aze azame, ngokubona kwakhe, ukusombulula nayiphi na impikiswano ngokulamla, ngokuxolelanisa okanye ngothethathethwano, nangokucebisa nawuphi na ummangali ngamanye amanyathelo afanelekileyo anokuwathatha okanye amcebise ngenye indlela.
IsiKhokelo seSebe leziNdlu leSizwe siya kuhlaziywa kanye ngonyaka ngenyanga yoKwindla (Matshi), ngaphandle kwemeko yeenguqulelo ezibanzi.
Ngokwemiqathango yomMiselo No. R.
Ezinye iilwimi ezimbini ekuseza kuthathwa isigqibo ngazo.
Ikopi yesikhokelo engolwimi lwesiNgesi ifumaneka kwiSebe leziNdlu leSizwe (iZiko lomThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi) kubantu bonke ukuze bazifundele, ngamaxesha omsebenzi. Akukho mali ikhutshwayo ngesiKhokelo xa abantu beza kuzifundela, kodwa ngekopi okanye ngenxalenye yayo, kubizwa imali echazwe kumhlathi oqulathe imali.
Isakube iKhomishoni yamaLungelo oLuntu isamkele isikhokelo somThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi seSebe leziNdlu leSizwe, iya kuthunyelwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente ukuba ishicilelwe. Lo mhlathi uya kuthi uhlaziywe ngesalathiso esichaphazelekayo seGazethi kaRhulumente.
Eli candelo alisetyenziswa kwiSebe leziNdlu leSizwe.
Akukho kuxolelwa kuwo nakuwuphi na umqathango wecandelo 14, okwexeshana elimiselweyo, okuye kwafunyanwa kumPhathiswa wezobuLungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko.
Nezikhokelo ezikwisiCwangciso somSebenzi wamaqumrhu karhulumente ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 14 eyilwe yiKhomishoni yamaLungelo oLuntu loMzantsi-Afrika.
Iincwadi zeSebe leziNdlu leSizwe.
IsiNgesi siya kuba lulwimi lonxibelelwano olusesikweni.
a Umceli kufuneka athobele zonke iimfuno ezisemgaqweni. Uyakwaziswa ngokungathobeli ezo mfuno.
B. Iinkcukacha zomntu ocela ukufikelela kwinkcazelo eselugcinweni a Iinkcukacha zomntu owenza isicelo sokufikelela kwinkcazelo mazichazwe apha ngezantsi.
b Idilesi kunye/okanye nenombolo yefeksi apho iza kuthunyelwa khona inkcazelo mayichazwe c Ubungqina besikhundla somntu owenza isicelo, xa sikho, malifakwe.
e Imali yesicelo kufuneka ihlawulwe phambi kokuba siqwalaselwe isicelo eso.
Qaphela: Nceda ufake ikopi yesazisi sakho ukukhusela ukukhutshwa kweenkcukacha zomntu.
Umenzi-sicelo (umntu owenza isicelo sokufikelela kwinkcazelo eselugcinweni lweSebe leziNdlu leSizwe).
Umenzi-sicelo weQumrhu likaWonke wonke (ngawo kuphela loo maqumrhu kawonke wonke asebenzisa amagunya kawonke wonke okanye enza umsebenzi kawonke wonke ngokwemiqathango yomthetho).
Inombolo yesazisi: Qaphela: Nceda ufake ikopi yesazisi sakho ukunqanda ukukhutshwa kweenkcukacha zomntu.
C. Inkcukacha zomntu owenzelwa isicelo c Eli candelo malizaliswe KUPHELA ukuba isicelo senzelwa omnye umntu.
d Ubungqina besikhundla somntu owenza isicelo, umzekelo, njengengxelo efungelweyo okanye ilungelo elisemthethweni mabufakwe.
Nceda ufake ubungqina besikhundla esenziwa kuso isicelo.
D. Iinkcukacha zenkcazelo eselugcinweni a Balula inkcukacha ezipheleleyo zenkcazelo leyo isicelo senziwa kuyo, kunye nenombolo yesalathiso ukuba uyayazi, kunye/okanye iSebe/necandelo lolawulo/umntu nendawo apho igcinwe khona inkcazelo leyo, ukuze ikwazi ukufumaneka lula.
b Ukuba isithuba esinikiweyo asonelanga, nceda ugqibezele kwiphepha elahlukileyo uze ulifake kule fom. Umenzi-sicelo makasayine onke amaphepha ongezelelweyo.
Inombolo yesalathiso, ukuba ikho:...
Ingaba yayikhe yafumaneka imvume ebhaliweyo ngaphambili komnye umntu/kwabanye abantu.
b Isicelo sokufikelela kwirekhodi eselugcinweni, ngaphandle kwerekhodi equlathe iinkcukacha zomntu, iya kuqwalaselwa kuphela emva kokuba kuhlawulwe imali yesicelo.
c Ukuqwalaselwa kwesicelo kuya kuqalisa kuphela emva kokuba kufumaneke intlawulo yemali yesicelo xa ikho d Ukuba intlawulo ayifumanekanga, uya kwaziswa ngemali yesicelo efunekayo.
e Imali ehlawulwayo ngesicelo sokufikelela kwirekhodi eselugcinweni ixhomekeke kwindlela efuneka ngayo inkcazelo leyo nexesha eliya kuthathwa ukuyikhangela nokuyilungisa inkcazelo leyo.
f Cacisa ukuba akumele kuhlawuliswa imali yaso nasiphi na isicelo uze unike nesizathu sokuba ungahlawuliswa.
F. Ifom yokufikelela kwincwadi eselugcinweni a Ukuthotyelwa kwesicelo sakho sokufikelela kwrekhodi eselugcinweni kuya kuxhomekeka kwimo ekuyo incwadi leyo.
b Ukufikelela kulwazi ngendlela ekucelwe ngayo kusenokwaliwa ngezizathu ezithile. Ukuba kunjalo uya kwaziswa nokuba ulwazi olo lungafumaneka ngendlela engenye.
c Imali ehlawulwayo yokufikelela kulwazi, ukuba ikho, iya kuxhomekeka kwindlela ecelwe ngayo inkcazelo.
d Ukuba inkcazelo ayifumaneki ngolwimi ecelwe ngalo okanye umenzi-sicelo akacacisanga ukuba uyifuna ngaluphi na ulwimi, inkcazelo leyo iya kukhutshwa ngolwimi olo ifumaneka ngalo [icandelo 31].
e Imali yokukhangela nokulungisa inkcazelo eceliweyo yi- R15.00 ngeyure okanye ngaphantsi kweyure ngaphandle kweyure yokuqala.
Qaphela: Iikopi ezikwizixhobo zombane zingakhutshelwa kuphela kwimo ezifumaneka ziyiyo kwiSebe leziNdlu leSizwe.
Kufuneka ibe ngaluphi ulwimi inkcazelo?
Qaphela: Ukuba inkcazelo leyo icelwayo ayikho ngolwimi olo luceliweyo, inkcazelo iya kukhutshwa ngolwimi ebhalwe ngalo.
Ukuba uthintelwa akunakho ukufunda, ukumamela nokujonga incwadi leyo ifumanekileyo ku 1-4 ngentla apha ngenxa yokukhubazeka onakho, cacisa uhlobo okhubazeke ngalo ucacize nendlela oyifuna ngayo inkcazelo leyo.
Uya kwaziswa ngembalelwano ukuba isicelo sakho sivunyiwe okanye sikhatyiwe. Ukuba lukhona olunye uhlobo ofuna ukwaziswa ngalo, nceda ucacise uhlobo olo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo zikhona zonke ukwenzela ukuba isicelo sakho siphunyezwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Cacisa indlela (ngaphandle kweposi) ofuna ukuxelelwa ngayo isigqibo esithe sathatyathwa ngokphathelele kwisicelo sakho sokufikelela kulwazi kwirekhodi (Qinisekisa ukuba uzifakile zonke iinkcukacha ezifunekayo kumhlathi B ngasentla)?
Qaphela: Ixesha elimiselweyo leentsuku ezingama-30 lokuqwalasela isicelo lisenokwandiswa kangangezinye iintsuku ezingama-30. Xa usayina apha uya kube uyavuma ukuba isicelo sakho sinokwandiswa ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ukuya kwezingama- 60.
Imali yesicelo (xa ikho) R Inombolo yerisithi...
Ungumenzi-sicelo weenkcukacha zomntu ofaka isibheno sangaphakathi Qaphela: Nceda ufake ikopi yesazisi sakho ukuthintela ukudizwa ngokugwenxa kwenkcazo yomnye umntu.
Umntu ongomnye (owaziswe liSebe leziNdlu leSizwe) ofaka isiBheno sangaPhakathi esiphikisa ukuvunywa kwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi.
Umntu ongomnye (ongaziswanga liSebe leziNdlu leSizwe) ofaka isiBheno sangaPhakathi esiphikisana nokuvunywa kwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi, umz. umenzi-sicelo ufumene imvume komnye umntu / kwabanye abantu.
a Iinckukacha zomntu ofaka isibheno sangaphakathi mazinikwe apha ngezantsi b Isiqinisekiso sesikhundla somntu ofaka isibheno, ukuba sikhona, masifakwe.
Inombolo yesazisi: Qaphela: Nceda ufake ikopi yesazisi sakho ukuthintela ukuthunyelwa kwenkcazelo kumntu ongenguye.
Nceda ufake ubungqina besikhundla esenzelwa kuso isicelo.
C. Iinkcukacha zomceli eziphikisana nomntu ongomnye ofaka isiBheno sangaPhakathi.
Ukuba ifomu oyinikiweyo ayanelanga, nceda ugqibezele kwelinye iphepha uze ulifake iphepha elo kule fom.
Sayina onke amaphepha ongeziweyo.
Uya kwaziswa ngembalelwano (eya kuthunyelwa ngeposi) ngesigqibo malunga nesiBheno sangaPhakathi. Ukuba unomnqweno wokuba waziswe ngenye indlela, nceda usazise loo ndlela kwaye usazise nangeenkcukacha ezifanelekileyo ukwenzela ukuba isicelo sakho siphunyezwe.
Chaza indlela (ngaphandle kweyeposi) oya kuthanda ukuba waziswe ngayo ngesigqibo esimalunga nesicelo sakho sokufikelela kulwazi olusencwadini (qinisekisa ukuba uzifakile zonke iinckukacha kumhlathi B ngentla).
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UBUME BENKQUBO YOLWIMI YESIZWE.txt</fn>
UBume beNkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe ijonge ukunyusa usetyenziso olulungileyo lweelwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni; ukwenza lula ukufumaneka okulinganayo kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente nolwazi; ukuqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso lweelwimi ebezihlelelekile mandulo; ukukhuthaza ukufundwa ezinye iilwimi zesiNtu ezisemthethweni; nokunyusa ulawulo olululo lolwimi ngenkonzo yoluntu yokulawula enempumelelo.
Indlela yayo yokusebenza kukuphuhlisa abathethi beelwimi zesiNtu ebezihlelelekile mandulo ngokuphathelele kulwazi nobuchule, ukubeka phambili iindawo ukuphuhlisa ulwimi, ukuveza intsebenziswano namazwe akuMazantsi e-Afrika awobelana ngeelwimi ezinqamlezileyo ngokomda.
Ukwenza oku, kuyimfuneko ukuveza iinkqubo zezifundo zoqeqesho lobuchule ezingaphaya neeyunithi zolwimi, ukulawula ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo, ukuphuhlisa isakhono soluntu nesidingo kumhlaba wobuChwepheshe boLwimi loLuntu (HTL), nokuveza intsebenziswano esondeleyo namaziko emfundo ephakamileyo anika iinkqubo zezifundo eziqinisekiswe yi-SAQA kuqhelwaniso lolwimi.
Kuba iilwimi zethu zezethu sonke...
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UBUME BOTSHINTSHO LWEBHODI YOKUNKCENKCESHELA.txt</fn>
Igama lomButho yi- Umbutho wokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi (emva koko ibhekiselele "njengombutho").
Lo mgaqo-siseko ubhekiselele kumalungiselelo omThetho waManzi weSizwe, 1998 (UmThetho 36 ka-1998), ngenxa yoko ubhekiselele njengomThetho, kwaye ngakumbi kwisahluko 8 ngaphaya koko, nakwiShedyuli 4 kumThetho njengoko ulungiswa amaxesha ngamaxesha ngumPhathiswa wemiCimbi yaManzi namaHlathi, emveni koko ibhekiselele kumPhathiswa, nebonakala njengeSihlomelo 1 kumGaqo-siseko.
Iinjongo zombutho kuku- (chaza ngokufutshane izizathu zobukho bombutho).
Indawo yokusebenzela yomButho...
Jonga imihlathi 5.4.4.3 ukuya ku-5.4.4.6 yesiKhokelo kuTshintsho lweeBhodi zokuNkcenkceshela nakwiBhodi ezithile ukuya kwimiButho yokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi, emveni koko ibhekiselele njengeziKhokelo.
Ukunqanda amanzi avela kuso nasiphina isibonelelo samanzi esichithekayo.
Ukukhusela izibonelelo zamanzi nemizi ekuxhonyekekwe kuyo ukufumana-amanzi.
Ukunqanda nakuphina ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokungekho mthethweni.
Ukushenxisa okanye ukucwangcisa ukushenxisa nasiphina isithintelo esingekho mthethweni esibekwe emlanjeni okanye kumzi ekuxhomekeke kuwo ukufumana-amanzi.
Ukunqanda naso nasiphina isenzo esingekho mthethweni esilindelekileyo ukunciphisa ubulunga bamanzi kuso nasiphi isibonelelo samanzi.
Ukusebenzisa ukongamela jikelele ngaphezulu kwezibonelelo zamanzi nomzi ekuxhomekeke kuwo ukufumana-amanzi.
tshintsha umlambo ubuyele kwindlela yawo yokuqala apho ibitshintshwe khona ngenxa yezizathu zendalo.
Neendawo apho amanzi anokusetyenziswa nguye nawuphina umntu onelungelo lokusebenzisa amanzi avela kwisibonelelo samanzi okanye kumzi ekuxhomekeke kuwo ukufumana-amanzi.
ukomisa umhlaba; kwaye ukubonelela ngamanzi emhlabeni ukulungiselela ukunkcenkceshela okanye ezinye iinjongo.
ukulinganisa nokwahlulahlula; okanye ukulawula kokuphambuka kokuqukuqela kwamanzi.
Ukuxhoma okanye ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwamanzi avela kumzi oxhomekeke kuwo ukufumana-amanzi kwaye/ okanye isibonelelo ngamanzi ngaphantsi kolawulo lwaso malunga nanjengoko ifuneka ukulungiselela ukwenza nawo nayiphi imisebenzi okanye ukulungiselela izizathu ezifunekayo malunga nemisebenzi eyiyo nokhuseleko lomzi ekuxhomekeke kuwo ufumaniso-manzi okanye isibonelelo.
a ukunyina isikhundla sombutho ukuba wenze imisebenzi yayo eyintloko; kwaye b ukuba nakho kumonakalo wemali wayo ngokunokwawo okanye amalungu awo.
maziko eenkonzo zamanzi: na kumabandla asezilalini b ukunikezela ngeenkonzo zokulawula ingingqi eqokelela amanzi emvula ku okanye ngenxa yamagunya athembekileyo.
Amalungu asekileyo ombutho ngamalungu akhoyo awonyuliweyo eBhodi, njengoko ebhengeziwe kwisihlomelo 2 somgaqo-siseko, apho iBhodi funeka itshintshelwe kumButho wokuSetyenziswa kwaManzi ngokwecandelo 98 lomThetho nelimalungu alo agunyazisa amalungu eBhodi onyuliweyo ukuba enze egameni lawo ukulungiselela iinjongo zokuphumeza utshintsho.
Amalungu asekileyo malunga neenjongo zokucwangcisa unyulo lokuqala lwamalungu eKomiti eLawulayo aza kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba abe yiKomiti eLawulayo yomButho enamandla nemisebenzi enyiniweyo ekucwangciseni unyulo ngokungqinelana nalomgaqo-siseko.
Nawuphina umntu, ngokwecandelo 22 lomThetho, ngaphandle kwecandelwana (a)(i) emva koko, inelungelo lokusebenzisa amanzi nonako ukusebenzisa ilungelo elivela kumzi oxhomekeke kuwo ufumaniso-manzi kwaye / okanye izibonelelo eziphantsi kolawulo lomButho, angaba lilungu lomButho.
a Amalungu akhoyo eBhodi angamalungu azenzekelayo omButho; kunye b Abanye abantu ngaphakathi kwindawo yokusebenzela emButhweni nelungelo elikhoyo elisemthethweni lokusebenzisa amanzi nabacele iKomiti eLawulayo ngokubhala ukuba babe ngamalungu omButho nabazicelo zabo zivunyiweyo.
Isicelo sobulungu ebutsha somButho fanele sicaciswe kwiKomiti eLawulayo efaneleyo entlanganisweni yeKomiti ithathela ingqalelo isicelo nokuvunywa kwaso ngaphandleni okokuba kunesizathu esibalulekileyo sokuba saliwe.
Umbutho fanele uvumele umntu ukuba abe lilungu lomButho ukuba ngumyalelo womPhathiswa lowo.
Ilungu linganikela kuphela njengelungu lomButho ngemvume yeKomiti eLawulayo, enganakuyibamba ngaphandle kwesizathu imvume yayo.
Ubulungu bomButho buyapheliswa xa ilungelo lelungu emanzini libuya umva..
Onke amalungu fanele axele iidilesi zawo amaxesha ngamaxesha emntwini obambeleyo njengonobhala womButho, uMntu ofanele ukugcina irejista yamagama amalungu kwaneedilesi zabo..
Ubulungu bomButho abuniki naliphina ilingu ilungelo kuyo nayiphina imali, ipropati okanye izinto umntu anazo ezinokuthengiselwa ukuhlawulwa kwamatyala akhe omButho, kodwa bunika kuphela amalungu amalungelo athile obulungu, ngokubhekiselele kwizityholo ezinjalo nakwizizathu ezinyiniweyo njengoko zinokubekwa yiKomiti eLawulayo amaxesha ngamaxesha.
Ilungu lombutho libotshelelwe ngumgaqo-siseko nangumthetho wombutho njengoko ulungiswa amaxesha ngamaxesha.
Imfanelo yemali yamalungu inyiniwe kangangomlinganiselo wamatyala angabhatalwanga kwaye inzala yayo etyalwa ngabo emButhweni, kodwa ngenxa yokukhathalela kumalungiselelo ecandelo 60 lomThetho ngokunxulumene namatyala abalaseleyo malunga nomhlaba.
Apho kukhona umzi ekuxhomekeke kuwo ukufumana-amanzi lombutho ungena ngaphezulu okanye unqamleza ipropati yalo naliphina ilungu, umButho uya kuwonwabela amalungelo awo ayimfuneko ukulungiselela ukusetyenziswa okukuko kwemisebenzi yomButho namalungiselelo omThetho, ingakumbi amacandelo 126, 127 no-128 emva koko aza kusebenza.
Naliphina ilungu lombutho lixhomekeke kwizithintelo ezicingwayo uludwe lwenkqubo 4 emThethweni, kwaye ukuba ilungu alikho ngaphezulu kweentsuku eziyi-180 kumatyala angekahlawulwa nezimangalo, kubandakanya nenzala ngenxa yombutho, linokonyulwa ukulungiselela unyulo njengelungu leKomiti eLawulayo. Ilungu linokonyulwa kuphela ukulungiselela unyulo njengelungu leKomiti eLawulayo ukulungiselela indawana apho ilungu lihlala khona, okanye phakathi apho amanzi asetyenziswayo anelungelo kuwo esetyenziswa nguye okanye yena.
Nawuphina umntu ogama lakhe likhona kuluhlu lokuvota lombutho kwaye ongena ntsuku zingaphezulu kwe-180 kumatyala angekahlawulwa nezimangalo ezibandakanya inzala ngenxa yombutho, angamisela umgqatswa ukuba onyulwe njengelungu leKomiti eLawulayo kwaye angavota kunyulo lwamalungu eKomiti. Umntu ogama lakhe livela kuluhlu lokuvota elilungiselelwe indawana yomda wombutho apho usebenza khona, iza kuba nelungelo lokumisela abagqatswa nokuvota kuphela kulonyulo lwaloo ndawana.
Ikomiti eLawulayo yombutho iza kuba -namalungu.
d bantu abaza kumiselwa ngamafama amancinane asakhulayo angathi ngenxa yoluhlu 7 lwamalungu omgaqo-siseko wombutho; kwaye e ... bantu abaza kumiselwa ngamaGunya asekuHlaleni ngomdla wokunikezelwa kwamanzi ngumbutho, ngaphandleni kokuba ukuba amalungu onyuliweyo eendawana anokumangalelwa yiKomiti eLawulayo enemisebenzi ethile enxulumene nokuthathwa kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwindawo ezifanelekileyo zeendawana kwaye ngenxa yaloo msebenzi walo njongo njengeKomiti eLawulayo ukulungiselela loo ndawana nelungelo lokwamkela njengelungu naye naliphina ilungu kwiKomiti eLawulayo yombutho xa iyonke fanele ibonakalise imidla yayo ukuba isesichengeni.
Ukumiswa ekubhekiselelwe kuko kuluhlu 13.1(c) no-(d) ngasentla, ukuba iqela elinomdla likhetha oko, lingandulelwa lunyulo lwangaphakathi.
Amalungu ekubhekiselwe kuwo kuluhlu 13.
b isinye esithathwini samalungu silungiselela ixesha leminyaka emibini; kwaye c ukulingana kwamalungu elungiselela ixesha elingangonyaka omnye.
a luhlu 13.1c lomGaqo-siseko lolwexesha lonyaka omnye, luxhomekeke ekumisweni ukulungiselela amanye amaxesha ezayo onyaka omnye anyiniweyo ukuya kubuninzi bamaxesha amathathu elandelelana; kwaye b luhlu 13.1.d lomGaqo-siseko lolwexesha lonyaka omnye, luxhomekeke ekumisweniukulungiselela amanye amaxesha ezayo onyaka omnye ngamnye.
Ukuba isithuba kwiKomiti eLawulayo siyadaleka, isithuba fanele sizaliswe ngokoluluhlu, ngandleni okokuba ilungu fanele lonyulwe okanye, apho kufanelekileyo, lonyulwe isithuba esilinganayo nesithuba esishiyeke kwixesha apho ilungu elishenxileyo e-ofisini fanele ngenye indlela libe belinokuqhubekeka e-ofisini.
Kangangeentsuku eziyi-30 ubuncinane besaziso sonyulo olufanele ukunikezelwa kuwo onke amalungu ombutho axhalabileyo.
Onke amalungu eKomiti eLawulayo anokuthabatha inxaxheba ngokugcweleyo malunga nezigqibo kwimicimbi yolawulo lwamanzi nasezimali zokubhatala ngaphaya koko. Ukanti, ngamalungu kuphela anomdla kwimizi ekuxhomekeke kuwo ufumaniso-manzi oluthile abanokuthabatha inxaxheba bavote malunga nesigqibo esifanelekileyo kuloo mizi ekuxhomekeke kuwo ufumaniso-manzi. UmGcini sihlalo weKomiti eLawulayo uzakugqiba ukuba ilungu linalo na ilungelo lokuvota malunga nomcimbi othile.
Abazibophelela nombutho kwimfuno eboniswe kwicandelo 2 lomThetho malunga nokuqinisekisa uluntu olufanelekileyo, nomelo lohlanga nesini kwaye bezibophelela ekukhuthazeni uzalisekiso emveni koko ngenxa yokuba umbutho unako ngoncedo ukwenza oko.
Ukuba, emva konyulo okanye kwenkqubo yomiselo, ukwakheka kweKomiti yoLawulo ekubhekiselelwe kuyo ku-13.1, ibangela ukuba kungabikho lumelo lwesini esithile okanye uhlanga eKomitini, umGcini-sihlalo fanele acele onke amalungu ombutho nawamaqela anomdla ekubhekiselelwe kuwo ku-13.1(c) kwintsuku eziyi-21 emva kwesaziso, amisele abantu besosini okanye uhlanga abavumileyo ekwenzeni oko nabangafuni kuba ngamalungu ombutho okanye wabasebenzisi bamanzi, ukusebenzela iKomiti eLawulayo yombutho ngaphandleni okokuba banomdla ekusebenziseni amanzi emdeni. UmGcini-sihlalo fanele emva kokuphela kwexesha lonyulo lomiselo ngabaninzi, omnye wabantu abamiselweyo eloxesha lonyaka omnye.
Emva konyulo leKomiti eLawulayo amalungu aloo Komiti fanele onyule umgcini-sihlalo nosekela mgcini-sihlalo wombutho apha phakathi kwamalungu awo.
UmGcini-sihlalo nosekela mgcini-sihlalo baba se-ofisini ixesha elingangenyanga eziyi-12 ukusukela ngomhla wonyulo lwabo kwaye bangaphinda bonyulwe kwakhona.
Xa ixesha le-ofisi likamgcini-sihlalo nosekela mgcini-sihlalo lifikelela esiphelweni, loo mntu uza kuhlala e-ofisini de kube yintlanganiso ezayo yeKomiti eLawulayo ngaphandleni okokuba uhlala elilungu lombutho.
Umgcini-sihlalo omtsha nosekela mgcini-sihlalo weKomiti eLawulayo bazokonyulwa rhoqo minyaka le. Ukuba enye yezi ofisi ingangabinamntu ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha, i-ofisi fanele izaliswe ngokukhawuleza ngokwenkqubo ethiwe thaca apha.
Amalungu aseka lombutho fanele onyule umntu ukulungiselela uluhlu lwabavoti lonyulo lokuqala lamalungu eKomiti eLawulayo.
Ivoti enye kwilungelo ngalinye ekusebenziseni amanzi.
Ulwalamano lwenani leevoti ngokwalameneyo kubuninzi bamanzi agunyazisiweyo ngaphantsi kwelungelo elithile, xa uthelekisa nobuninzi bamanzi xa bubonke ngaphantsi kwawo onke amalungelo abhaliswe nombutho. Kolu balo onke amaqhezu fanele aphethelwe kwinani elingaphezulu elilandelayo.
Ulwalamano lwenani leevoti ngokwalameneyo kubuninzi bamanzi agunyazisiweyo ngaphantsi kwelungelo elithile xa uthelekisa nobuninzi bamanzi xa bubonke ngaphantsi kwawo onke amalungelo abhaliswe nombutho.
i onke amaqhezu fanele aphethelwe kwinani elingaphezulu elilandelayo; kwaye ii akukho lungu liya kuvuzwa ngaphezu kweevoti eziyi-10.
Ivoti enye kwiihektare ezintlanu zonke okanye indawo yeehektare ezintlanu zomhlaba onokunkcenkceshelwa ngokwamalungelo amalungu..
Ivoti enye kwiihektare ezintlanu zonke okanye indawo yeehektare ezintlanu zomhlaba onokunkcenkceshelwa ngokwamalungelo amalungu, ngaphandleniokokuba akukho lungu liya kuvuzwa ngaphezu kweevoti eziyi-10.
Ukuba amalungelo okusebenzisa amanzi awakho gameni lomntu wendalo, umnikazi fanele amisele ummeli owamkelweyo ogama lakhe fanele livele kuluhlu lwabavoti onokuziqhelisa ukuvota.
Ukuba ilungelo lsegameni labantu ababini okanye ngaphezulu, fanele bonyule abenmye wenani labo ukubamela kwaye igama lalo mntu fanele livele kuluhlu lwabavoti kwaye uza kuziqhelanisa nokuvota.
IKomiti eLawulayo fanele ngonyaka iqwalasele kwakhona uluhlu lwabavoti kwaye naphina kukho isilungiso kumda wokusebenza wombutho.
IKomiti eLawulayo ingaqesha abantu abanjalo njengoko icinga ukuba kuyimfuneko ukwenza imisebenzi yombutho ngaphantsi kwalo mgaqo-siseko..
Ukonyulwa kwabasebenzi okanye naluphina utshintsho kwiimeko zabo zokusebenza fanele zivunywe zizigqibo zeKomiti eLawulayo.
Bonke abasebenzi bombutho bazakushiyeka e-ofisini nangona naluphina utshintsho kulakhiwo nakubulungu leKomiti eLawulayo.
IWUA iza kuchaza uguqulo lwemisebenzi yababonisi kuyilo lwabo leshishini. Iziphumo zendawo ezithile ezingundoqo ziza kubandakanya umelo kulakhiwo lwekomiti elawulayo nasekonyulweni kwabasebenzi.
IWUA iyavuma ukuphinda ilungise ukungalingani kwexesha elidlulileyo ngokunciphisa ukungabinabulungisa ngokunxulumene nonikezelo lwamanzi ngokwecandelo 25 womThetho waManzi weSizwe, 1998.
IKomiti eLawulayo inganyusa ngendlela zeembolekiso, kubandakanya nemali ekhutshwe ebhankini engaphezulu kwemali eyafakwayo ebhankini, nayiphi na imali efunwa yiyo ngenjongo yokuhlangabezana nayo nayiphi imisebenzi engaphantsi kwalo mgaqo-siseko okanye umThetho..
Naninina iKomiti eLawulayo iceba ukunyusa imbolekiso, fanele inike isaziso ngokubhaliweyo yeenjongo zayo, ixela iinkcukacha zesindululo . Isaziso fanele sinikezelwe kuwo onke amalungu ombutho hayi ngaphantsi kwentsuku eziyi-21 ngaphambi komhla wentlanganiso yeKomiti apho isindululo siyakucingelwa. Intlanganiso jikelele eyodwa, apho amalungu xa ewonke amenyiweyo, kwimeko enjalo fanele ahlangane ukuvavanya iimbono zamalungu.
Akukho mbolekiso inokunyuswa ngaphandle kwesisombululo seKomiti eLawulayo esipasiswe kwintlanganiso apho kungekho ngaphantsi kwesibini esithathwini samalungu eKomiti akhoyo. Le ntlanganiso yeKomiti eLawulayo ingathabatha inxaxheba kuphela emva kwelixesha lichazwe ngasentla sentlanganiso jikelele eyodwa.
Ukulungiselela injongo yokuhlawula nayiphina inkcitha tokuba iKomiti eLawulayo ngokusemthethweni izenzele amatyala ngokwenza imisebenzi yayo nemisebenzi enokumisa ngonyaka izimangalo kumalungu ngokokuyila ixabiso losetyenziso lwamanzi elimiselwe ngumPhathiswa.. Ukumisa ixabiso fanele luthathele ingqalelo uqingqo-mali olulungisiweyo yiKomiti eLawulayo ayo nayiphina indawana ukuquka ukusetyenziswa, ukugcinw anokwenziwa ngcono kweemfuno malunga nomzi ekuxhomekeke kuwo ufumaniso-manzi oluphathwa nolulawulwa yila Komiti.
a abaninni mhlaba abanokhathalelo; okanye b nawuphina umntu apho amanzi anikezelwa khona emhlabeni.
e umhla okanye imihla apho intlawulo ililungelo nesambuku sorhumo ekufanele singene ngosuku ngalunye; kwaye f isantya senzala ebhatalwayo kwintlawulo ezingekhoyo nosuku olusebenzayo lwenzala.
Ikopi yoluhlu lokumisa ixabiso fanele ihlaliswe ivuliwe ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa e-ofisini yombutho ngawo onke amaxesha afanelekileyo lilo naliphi ilungu lombutho.
Ukuba kusemveni kwesaziso esifanelekileyo, nasiphi isimangalo kubandakanywailungelo lenzala yombutho, lingaphezulu kweentsuku eziyi-90 kumatyala angekahlawulwa, umbutho ekongezeni emandleni agunyaziswe kuwo ngokwecandelo 59 womThetho, ngaphandle kwesinye isaziso kwilungu, qokelela umlinganiselo ongenayo ngokukhupha izimemo kwinkundla kaMantyi nolawulo lwezobulungisa endaweni, ngokungakhathaleli umrhumo obandakanyekayo, apho isehlo ilungu liza kuthembeka ukuqokelela yonke kwaye nentlawulo zamatyala, ezibandakanya ezamaqwetha nentlawulo zomxhasi.
Inkqubo njengoko ibekiwe kwiShedyuli 4 kulomThetho isebenza.
a ndulula ixoxwe igxelo yemali ephicothiweyo ye-akhawunti yombutho elungiselelwe unyaka owandulelayo ubndakanya iinkcukacha ezizeleyo zayo nayiphi intlawulo ebhatelweyo ngumbutho kumalungu eKomiti eLawulayo nakubasebenzi bombutho; kwaye b nika ingcaciso kumalungu ngemisebenzi yawo ngexesha lonyaka.
a isigqibo sigqithiswe luninzi lwesibini esithathwini samalungu akhoyo nanelungelo lokuvota entlanganisweni; kwaye b isigqibo sivunyiwe kwenye intlananiso jikelele eyodwa ebanjwe hayi ngaphantsi kweveki ezintathu emva kwenkqubo zentlanganiso jikelele eyodwa yivoti yoninzi lwamalungu emva koko.
a unyulo lomntu owenza intengiso yempahla zeshishini; kwaye b ulawulo lwemali eyintsalela nezinto umntu anazo ezinokuthengiselwa ukuhlawulwa kwamatyala akhe ombutho emva kokuqoshelisa nasemva kokuhlawula onke amatyala neemfanelo zombutho, ngaphandle okokuba nayiphina intsalela nezinto umntu anazo ezinokuthengiselwa ukuhlawulwa kwamatyala akhe angatshintshelwa kuphela embuthweni okanye kwiziko elinenjongo efanayo nezo zombutho, okanye kumPhathiswa.
Imicimbi yombutho iyakuvuswa ngumntu owonyulwe ngumPhathiswa ngokungqinelana nayo nayiphi imigaqo enikwe ngumPhathiswa, kwaye ngokuphathelelene necandelo 97 lomThetho.
b isaziso kumalungu sinamazwi ngamazwi aceba imbuyekezo kwaye adluliselwe kumalungu ubuncinane iintsuku eziyi-21 ngaphambili komhla wentlanganiso; and c zimbuyekezo kuphela, kwimbuyekezo ezicetywayo nalapho isaziso esibhaliweyo sinikiwe, sixoxiwe kwaye savotelwa apho kuloo ntlanganiso injalo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UBUNDLOBONGELA OBUSEKWE KWISINI NOMTHETHO WOLINGANO.txt</fn>
Yintoni ubundlobongela obusekwe kwisini?
Ubundlobongela obusekwe kwisini buquka iindidi zoxhaphazo ezibandakanya, udlwengulo, ukoyikiswa ngezesondo, ukuxhatshazwa, ukuthotywa isidima, ukubethwa, ukukhathazwa ngokudlakazelisa umzimba wakho wangaphantsi, ubundlobongela obenzeka ekhaya, umbulo, ukuthengisa ngomzimba ngokunyanzelwa, ukutshutshiswa, ukufakwa kwezinto kumzimba wangaphantsi nokuzama ukudlwengula.
Ukusetyenziswa kwegama elithi "ubundlobongela obusekwe kwisini" kunika imeko entsha yokujonga yokuphonononga nokuqonda ubundlobongela kumabhinqa. Isusa ukugqalisa kumabhinqa njengamaxhoba kujongisa kwisini kunye noko kunxibelelene nokungalingani kwamagunya okanye amandla phakathi kwamabhinqa namadoda okwenziwa kukwagcinwa kweengcinga, izimvo okanye iintetho ezisoloko zisetyenziswa njalo ngesini, njengeyona ntsusa yokudlakazeliswa kwamabhinqa.
Igama elithi "ubundlobongela obenziwa kumabhinqa" lithetha nangasiphi na isenzo sodlakazeliso olusekwe kwisini oluneziphumo okanye olunokuba neziphumo zokwenzakaliswa kwamabhinqa emzimbeni, ngesondo okanye ukulimala engqondweni, kubandakanya nokoyikiswa ngezo zenzo, ukunyanzela okanye ukuzivimba inkululeko ngokuzithandela, kubomi bukawonkewonke okanye kubomi bomntu eyedwa.
Yintoni ukutshutshiswa ngezesondo?
Ukutshutshiswa ngezesondo nokunyanzelwa ngamagama asetyenziswa gabalala ukubhekisa kwiindlela ngeendlela zokuziphatha. Amagama axhaphakileyo asetyenziswa ukuchaza ukuphathwa kakubi abandakanya: 'ukudlwengula', 'ukudlwengula ngokubizelwa edingeni', ukudlwengulwa liqela labantu', ukunyanzelwa ukuya esondweni', 'ubundlobongela ngezesondo', 'ukuphathwa kakubi', 'ukubonisa amalungu angaphantsi ngokuwathi danya ixeshana' 'nokuphathwaphathwa okungamkelekanga'Ezi ndlela zokuziphatha zikho kwizintlu ezininzi ukususela ekuphathwaphathweni okungamkelekanga, neentethwana ezisingisele kwezesondo kuye kudlwengulo nokubulawa emva kokudlwengulwa. Nangona kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kweedlela zokuziphatha ezibekwe kwiincakam ezimbini zesiphelo sento eqhubekayo (umahluko phakathi kokukhaliselwa umlozi olobayo nokudlwengulwa), uninzi lweedlela zokuziphatha ezisondeleleneyo ziyangenana ze zixubane zidibane, zenze kubekho iindawo ezingacaci ncam ezikholisa ukudala ingxoxo.
Yintoni ubundlobongela basekhaya/obenzeka ekhaya?
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ubundlobongela bubhekisa ekuhlaselweni komzimba kuphela kuhlaselwa oko okwenza ukuba ohlaselwayo alimale/enzakale. Umqondo obanzi wobundlobongela ungakubona njengenye yeendlela zobundlobonge ukuphathwa kakubi kovakalelo nokonakalisa izindlu nezinye izinto anazo omnye umntu. Xa sithetha ngobundlobongela obenzeka ekhaya okanye ebantwini abazalanayo, sukube sisebenzisa lo mqondo ubanzi ngobundlobongela. Xa sisebenzisa igama elithu 'ukuphatha kakubi' sikwabhekisa kubundlobongela obenzeka ekhaya.
Yindlela efanayo yokulawula ngesinyanzelo okwenziwa ngomnye umntu komnye ukuze umntu alawule afumane oko akufunayo.
ukuphatha kakubi yindlela yokuziphatha elimaza umzimba, ivuselele uloyiko, ethintela ukuba umntu angayenzi into ayifunayo okanye enyanzelisa abantu ukuba baziphathe ngendlela abangazikhethelanga ngokuthanda.
Yintoni ukuxhatshazwa kwakhona?
Ukuxhatshazwa kwakhona kubhekisa kwinkqubo yokuxhaphaza kwakhona umntu osele elixhoba lobundlobongela kakade. Oku kwenzeka kumanqanam ngamanqanam kwinkqubo yobulungisa bobundlobongela naseluntwini. Ukuxhatshazwa kwakhona kwenzeka xa ii-arhente (okanye abantu ngabodwa) ezimsebenzi wazo ikukukhathalela abo basindileyo emva kokuxhatshazwa, zithi zingawukhathaleli lo msebenzi, ze ngaloo ndlela osindileyo eve intlungu yokwenzakala kwakhona.
Yintoni ukuxhotyiswa/ukugunyaziswa kwamaxhoba?
Imibutho yoluntu ingadlala indima ebonakalayo ekunciphiseni ukuxhatshazwa kwamaxhoba kwakhona ngokunika iinkcukacha kwii-arhente/ kumaziko afanelekileyo kwanakubemi bendawo. Ukugunyaziswa kwamaxhoba nokwenza ukuba ii-arhente ziphendule ngezenzo zazo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ukudlakazeliswa kwakhona kwinkqubo zobulungisa lolwaphulo mthetho. Ixhoba nguye nabani na ove ubuhlungu okanye ilahleko ngenxa yolwaphulo mthetho ngelixa ukugunyaziswa kuthetha 'ukunikwa igunya/amandla'. Ukugunyaziswa kwamaxhoba ke ngoko kuthetha : ukunika igunya kwabo beve ubuhlungu.
Yintoni inkqubo/indlela embindi wayo ulixhoba?
Yintoni amalungiselelo oMthetho-siseko?
Ilungelo lenkululeko ebundlobongeleni nasekuphathweni kakubi entlalweni nasekhaya.
UMthetho-siseko unika wonke ubani ilungelo lenkululeko nokhuseleko lomntu kuzo zonke iindidi zobundlobongela.
UMthetho-siseko wenze amalungiselelo okuba wonke umntu angacalucalulwa emsebenzini. Oku kuthetha ukuba amabhinqa namadoda mababe namathuba alinganayo nafanayo emsebenzini. Amabhinqa namadoda anelungelo lokuba semsebenzini ongenantshutshiso ngezesondo.
Ukufaka phakathi kumzimba wangasese ngaphandle kwemvume yomnye umntu okuba ibe lulwaphulo-mthetho olubandakanya ezesini.
Oku kuthetha ukuba nebhinqa linokumangalelwa ukudlwengula.
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Ukhetho lokuqala lwedemokhrasi elizweni lethu lwaba ngomhla wama-27 Aprili 1994 kwaye sesiza kubhiyozela isikhumbuzo somnyaka we-10 weso sehlo. Ilungelo lokuhlala kwindawo enedemokhrasi kwezinye iimeko linokuthathwa njengenyaniso kuba abaninzi kuni babesenancinane ngo- 1994 kwaye bazi kuphela iimeko ezikhoyo ngoku. Idabi lendawo elinganayo nenedemokhrasi apho kukhona indawo phantsi kwelanga yabo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika kungajongwanga uhlanga, ubuni, inkolo, ulwimi okanye nayiphi na enye into eyinxenye yokwahluka-hlukana kwethu, engezanga lula. Akuthathanga zinyanga, minyaka okanye shumi laminyaka kodwa ngenene iinkulungwane okumisele imbali yoMzantsi Afrika. Lilungelo kunye nelungelo elilodwa ekufuneka abemi boMzantsi Afrika balikhusele ngamandla apho khona nina, lutsha lwelizwe, ninendima enkulu ekufuneka niyidlale.
Ilungelo elingundoqo kwindawo enedemokhrasi lilungelo lokuvota. Ilungelo lokuvota lenza ukuba umntu abe yinxenye yenkqubo emisela ukuba leliphi iqela okanye amaqela opolitiko alawula isizwe. Ukhetho lukarhulumente olungqalileyo okanye olungangqalanga lumisela iinkqubo nemithetho elawula uluntu lwethu kwaye ekugqibeleni ubomi babantu ngabanye. Umntu ngamnye ngalo lonke ixesha unokhetho lobuqu oluninzi ekufuneka alwenze kodwa ke oko kwenzeka phakathi kuluntu ahlala nalo - kwaye ngabavoti ngokhetho lwabo lorhulumente kwixesha abaye bamisele ubunjani bentlalo.
Ukuze ube nako ukuvota kufuneka ubhalsie njengomvoti. Bonke abantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka eli-16 kwaye abanoxwebhu lwesazisi olunebhakhowudi banokufaka isicelo sobhaliso njengabavoti. Kuphela ngabantu abaneminyaka eli-18 okanye ngaphezulu kusuku lokuvota abaya kubandakanywa kuluhlu lwabavoti. Abo basengaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ngosuku lokuvota lonyulo lwesizwe kunye nolwamaphondo bayakufakwa kuluhlu lokuvota ngokuzenzekelayo xa begqiba iminyaka eli-18. Oko ke ngoko kuyakwenza ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba kukhetho loomasipala kukhethelwa amabhunga oomasipala xa lusenzeka kukhetho jikelele loomasipala ngo-2995/6.
Abanye benu banokuvota kwaye balazi iqela abazimisele ukulivotela. Yimfihlo yakho leyo. Abaninzi benu, banokungaqiniseki kwaphela ngokuvota okanye ukuba bavotele bani. Kuyaqondeka oko ukuba nje ungakhumbula ukuba uyakukwazi ukukhetha kwimicimbi ukuba ngaba ungumvoti obhalisiweyo. Ngokuba ngumvoti obhalisiweyo oko kuyakukuvumela ukuba uthabathe inxaxheba okanye ungayithabathi kunyulo kwaye oko kuyakukushiya nokhetho lokuba leliphi iqela elithabatha inxaxheba oya kulixhasa. Kwakhona soloko ucinga ukuba nguwe kuphela oyawukwazi ukuba leliphi iqela olixhasileyo - ivoti yakho iyimfihlo yenene.
Abantu abancinane bayamangala ukuba iivoti zabo ziyabala na kwaye zenza umahluko na. Ngaphandle kwefuthe elinokubakhona ngokuba ngumvoti obhalisileyo kukwabalulekile ukuba uyavota na okanye awuvoti. UMzantsi Afrika unenkqubo yokhetho yomelo eyalameneyo. Le nkqubo ayikhupheli bantu bathile ngaphandle njengakwamanye amazwe apho ophumeleleyo kunyulo athatha konke. Inkqubo yethu inesiseko esiquka konke apho amaqela amancinane kunye nangamagcuntswana aye nawo afumane umelo ngokungqinelana nenkxaso yawo. Into ekumele uyikhumbule kukuba kwinkqubo yomelo olulinganayo ivoti yakho ayonyusi kuphela isabelo seevoti ezipheleleyo zeqela olixhasayo, kodwa ikwahlisa nesabelo sawo onke amanye amaqela athabatha inxaxheba. Le yinyani yezibalo ongayivavanya kumsebenzi malunga nefuthe apho malunga nezigidi ezi-6 zabantu abatsha abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-25 ebebeya kubanalo kwiziphumo zonyulo.
Konke oku kungasentla, kuxhomelele ekubhaliseni kwakho njengomvoti. Ukubhalisa kukwenza ukuba ube nako ukunika ifuthe kwaye kukwenza ukuba ubaluleke. Ukuba ngaba awubhalisanga njengomvoti ngelishwa awunako ukulifaka ifuthe kwaye uyakuzenza ukuba ungabaluleki kakhulu kwiinkqubo zethu zedemokhrasi. Nokuba uyavota nokuba uvota njani unokwenza isigqibo kamva, kodwa okwangoku kufuneka uzinike ulwazi ngokubhalisa. Imihla ngowama-24 nama-25 Januwari 2004 kwaye kufuneka ubhalise kwisithili sokuvota ohlala kuso. Iya kuba lithuba lokugqibela oyakuba nalo ngalo ukuba ubhalisile phambi kokuba ibe lunyulo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UFIKELELO KUMQULU WOLWAZI.txt</fn>
UmThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, No 2 ka- 2000 ("UmThetho") waphunyezwa ngomhla we-9 kweyoKwindla 2001, ugunyazisa ukuqalisa kwamalungelo omgaqo-siseko okufikelela kulo naluphi na ulwazi olugcinwe lilo naliphi na iqumrhu loluntu okanye elizimeleyo, oludingekayo kumsebenzi okanye kukhuseleko lwawo nawaphi na amalungelo. Apho isicelo senziwe ngokwemiqathango yomThetho, iqumrhu ekwenziwe kulo isicelo linyanzelekile ukuba linikezele ngolwazi, ngaphandle kwalapho umThetho unika imvume yokuba olo lwazi lusenoku- okanye malungakhutshwa.
UmThetho umisela imibandela yenkqubo efunekayo emalunga nezicelo. Lo mqulu wenzelwe ukukhuthaza inkqubo yokungafihli nokukwazi ukuphendula ngaphakathi kwiSebe lezoRhwebo namaShishini ("i-dti") ngokuphumeza ilungelo lolwazi olufunekayo ekusebenzeni nakukhuseleko lwamalungelo omntu othile okanye awequmrhu. Ukukhuthaza ulawulo olusebenzayo kwamaqumrhu oluntu, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu uxhotyisiwe wafundiswa ukuba aqonde amalungelo akhe ngokwemiqathango yomThetho.
Imida enjongo yayo ikukukhusela ubomi bemfihlakalo.
Ulawulo olusebenzayo, oluhamba kakuhle nolululo.
Ngendlela edala ulungelelwano kwelo lungelo namanye amalungelo, kubandakanya amalungelo aqulethwe kumQulu wamaLungelo oLuntu okumGaqo- siSeko.
Icandelo 14 lomThetho linyanzelisa amaqumrhu oluntu ukuba aqulunqe umQulu , oya kuthi uncede umntu ukuba afikelele kulwazi olugcinwe lelo qumrhu loluntu, yaye umisele ezona mfuneko zibubuncinane ekufuneka lo mqulu uhambisane nazo.
Nangona kunjalo, i-dti iveze ukuba iya kuzama ukuba ingabinamfihlo yaye inikezele ngolwazi rhoqo nangokukhululekileyo kuluntu loshishino, abathengi noluntu ngokubanzi; ngopapasho, izaziso, nomxokelelwano wonxibelelwno we-dti ngendlela edlula kwiziko lonxibelelwano.
Lo mqulu ujongene nokunika umceli, ukukhusela umThetho, ngeenkcukucha ezidingekayo, neenkqubo emazilandelwe ukufumana ulwazi oluthile kwi-dti.
Lo mqulu ukwazama ukunika umceli inkcazo ecacileyo nephangaleleyo yobume, imisebenzi, iinkonzo nesikhokelo solwazi se-dti ukwenza ukuba umceli akwazi ukufumana ummandla osenokuba ngowona kufumaneka kuwo ulwazi olufunekayo.
Lo mqulu ukwanika iifomu eziyimfuneko nemirhumo ephathelele kucelo lolwazi.
Injongo ye-dti kukukhokela nokulungelelanisa ukufikelela kwimisebenzi yoqoqosho nengqesho ezinzileyo kubo bonke abantu baseMzantsiAfrika ngamazinga aphakamileyo otyalo-mali, ukufikelela okukhululekileyo kweemveliso zaseMzantsiAfrika kwiimarike zamazwe-ngamazwe, nokudala indawo yentengiso efanelekileyo, enokhuphiswano nesebenza ngokulungileyo ukulungiselela amashishini asekhaya nawangaphandle kunye nabathengi. Ngale ndlela, i-dti ifuna ukuba negalelo ekubekeni uqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika kwindlela ekhawulezayo neyokukhula okuhlangeneyo.
Ukuphuhlisa icandelo lokuvelisa elihlangeneyo nelihambele phambili elikhulisa amandla okunyuka kwinani lamathuba oqoqosho oluzinzileyo kubo bonke abantu baseMzantsiAfrika kulo lonke uqoqosho.
Ukukhulisa umlinganiselo wemarike yeempahla neenkonzo zaseMzantsiAfrika.
Ukukhuthaza ukungabinto-nye kweemveliso zoMzantsi Afrika ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
Ukukhuthaza amazinga aphakamileyo otyalo-mali oluthe ngqo lwangaphandle nolwangaphakathi.
Ukudala indawo yemarike efanelekileyo, enokhuphiswano nehamba kakuhle eMzantsiAfrika ukulungiselela ushishino lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle kunye nabathengi.
Ukuveza amathuba okuxhobisa abantu ababekade bevinjwe amathuba nokunika iindlela zenkxaso ezenza kube lula ukusebenzisa la mathuba.
Iintlelo zokwenza kube lula, ezinika iinkonzo zenkxaso emanyeneyo kwiintlelo zemisebenzi edwelisiweyo.
Iintlelo zokwenza imigaqo, ezijongene nokudala ezona meko zifanelekileyo ngaphakathi kuqoqosho.
Iintlelo zokuhambisa iinkonzo, ezisebenzisana ngqo namashishini nabathengi ngeemveliso neenkonzo.
Uhlelo lorhwebo, olunoxanduva lokuphawula nokuthengisa iimveliso ze-dti (iintlelo nokufumanekayo) nokuqinisekisa ukuba amashishini nabathengi bangaphakathi bayawaqonda amalungelo abo oqoqosho.
Ukunika amathuba obunkokheli obunobuchule kwisebe nezinto ezinxulumene nalo, nenkxaso eqondakalayo ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa okunempumelelo kwezigunyaziso ze-dti.
Ukubeka i-dti kwindawo apho iya kuba njengelizwi eliphambili kuqoqosho olululo, nokuba ngale ndlela komelezwe amadlelane anobuchule ukunika iinjongo ze-dti inkxaso.
Ukunika iinkozo ezihlangeneyo nenkxaso yokusebenza ngendlela yobuChwephesha bolwazi, imiThombo yoluntu, izinto zokusebenza, neenkonzo zezimali.
Ukukhulisa nokwandisa ukuqondwa nokufikeleleka kweemveliso neenkonzo ze-dti.
Ukunyusa izinga lokufikeleleka kweemarike kwiimphla eziphuma eMzantsiAfrika zisiya kwamanye amazwe ngokwenza uthethathethwano malunga nezivumelwano zorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwisimo sommandla worhwebo lwehlabathi nokumisela nokulawula ulawulo lweentlawulo zoMzantsi Afrika.
Ukumisela isimo sokulawula amashishini esikhuthaza iimarike ezinokhuphiswano, ezifanelekileyo, ezisebenza kakuhle nezingenazimfihlo kubo bonke abemi abanoqoqosho ngokuhlolwa okuthe rhoqo kwemigaqo nemithetho, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuthobela nolawulo ngemfundo nonyanzeliso olusebenzayo.
Ukukhuthaza utyalo-mali eMzantsiAfrika yaye ikwajonge ukuphulisa isakhono somZantsi Afrika sokuthumela iimpahla kwiimarike ezahlukeneyo nokunika umbono onobuchule ekukhuliseni iintlelo nezibumbo zexabiso kuqoqosho.
Ukukhuthaza uhlengahlengiso loqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika ngokukhuthaza utyalo-mali kumaziko akhoyo, uphuhliso lwemithombo yoluntu, ukuvelisa okuhlangeneyo neminye imisebenzi enxulumene noko, ukuphuhliswa kwamashishini amancinci, izithili ezithile, ubuchwephesha nokungenisa izinto ezintsha.
UmThetho 71 woShishino ka-1991: Injongo yalo mThetho kukususa nokuguqula imithetho ethile emayela nokuvumela nokuqhuba amashishini, neeyure zokuvula kweevenkile, nokwenza imisindleko ethile emitsha malunga nokunika loo mvume nokuqhuba amashishini, nokuvula amathuba emibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 69 ka-1984 wamaQumrhu ahlangeneyo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okubunjwa, ubhaliso, ubandakanyo, ulawulo, ukulawulwa nokuchithwa kwamaqumrhu ahlangeneyo.
UmThetho 61 ka-1973 weeNKampani: Injongo yalo mThetho kukuhlanganisa nokuguqula umthetho onxulumene neenkampani, nokunika amathuba kwimibandela eyenzeka ngokungalindelekanga.
UmThetho 75 ka-1983 wokuLawula ukwaBelana ngeXesha leempahla: Injongo yalo mThetho kukulawula ukubukulwa kwemidla yokwabelana ngexesha, okukhokelela kulungiselelo lolwabelano ngexesha; nokusindleka imibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 99 ka-1978 woKhuseleko lwamaShishini: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunyina ukunyanzeliswa kwezigqibo ezithile zangaphandle, imiyalelo, imikhomba-ndlela, imivuzo yokulamla, neembalelwano zesicelo kwiRiphabhliki, kunye nokuthintela ukukhutshwa kolwazi olunxulumene namashishini ngokwemiyalelo, imikhomba-ndlela okanye iimbalelwano zesicelo zangaphandle, nokunika amathuba kwimibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 45 ka-1996 woHlengahlengiso lwemiThetho yamaQumrhu: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika ithuba lokuba imithetho ethile yamaqumrhu isebenze kwiRiphahliki iphela, nokususa eminye imithetho ethile yamaqumrhu. Ukwanika amathuba okuhlanganiswa okuqwalaselwayo kwamaqumrhu athile ahlangeneyo acingelwayo, kunye nemibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 59 ka-1980 wokuLawula iiNdawo zokwaBelana: Injongo yalo mThetho kukulawula izikimu zeendawo zokwabiwa, nokunika amathuba emiba enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 89 ka-1998 woKhuphiswano: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okumiselwa kweKhomishoni yoKhuphiswano eza kujongana nopicotho, ulawulo nokuhlola umgangatho wezenzo zonyino, ukusebenzisa kakubi isikhundla esongameleyo, neentlangano/iimanyano. Kunye nokumiselwa kweNkundla yamatyala oKhuphiswano ejongene nokuhlola imibandela enjalo, nokumisela iNkundla yeziBheno zoKhuphiswano.
UmThetho 39 ka-2000 wesiBini wokuGuqulwa koKhuphiswano: Injongo yalo mThetho kukulungisa/ukuguqula umThetho woKhuphiswano ka-1998, ngenjongo yokucacisa iintetho ezithile, ukulungisa iinkcazelo ezithile nokuguzula inkcazelo.
UmThetho 71 ka-1988 wemiBandela yabaThengi (Iinkqubo ezingafanelekanga zoShishino): Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okuthintela okanye ukulawula iinkqubo ezithile zoshishino.
UmThetho 75 ka-1980 weziVumelwano zamaTyala: Injongo yalo mThetho kukukhusela abathengi abathenga iimpahla ngokuqesha, izavenge okanye ngetyala neenkonzo ezithile ngetyala.
UmThetho 39 ka-1951 wokuThimba (ukumisela isiqinisekiso/isithembiso): Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okuthinjwa komhlaba nokufunyanwa kwelungelo lokusebenzisa lo mhlaba okwexeshana.
UmThetho 89 ka-1970 wokuFumana izinto ezikhutshwa sisiZwe: Injongo yalo mThetho kukuxhobisa umPhathiswa wezoQoqosho ukuba avelise, akhuphe, afumane, aqeshe okanye alande iimpahla ngaphandle.
UmThetho 25 ka-1964 wemiBandela yeNtengiso neeNkonzo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okulawulwa kwentengiso yeempahla nokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo neminye imibandela eyehlayo.
UmThetho 112 ka-1976 wemiBandela yee-Arhente zamaFa/zemiHlaba: Injongo yalo mThetho kukukhusela abantu abasebenzisa ii-arhente zamafa/zemihlaba ekuthengeni okanye ekuthengiseni iimpahla zabo.
UmThetho 65 ka-1988 woLungiselelo loPhuhliso lweziNdlu kulungiselelwa abaNtu abakumHlala-phantsi: Injongo yalo mThetho kukulawula ukubukulwa kwemidla ethile kulungiselelo lophuhliso lwezindlu kubantu abakumhlala-phantsi, nokunika amathuba emibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 57 ka-1998 wokuHlanganiswa kwemiThetho yokubolekisa ngemali eZalayo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukwandisa ukusebenza komThetho wokuBolekisa ngemali eZalayo, 1988, ufikelele kwimimandla enemihlaba yesizwe nemihlaba yamafa ethile yangaphambili nemihlaba ezimeleyo.
UmThetho 27 ka-1989 woTywala: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika igunya lokulawula ekuthengisweni kotywala; nemibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 57 ka-1997 wokuNgcakaza: Injongo yalo mThetho kukulawula nokwalela iindawo zokungcakaza nezemidlalo; ukumisela iQumrhu lokuNgcakaza lesiZwe, oko kukhokelele ekuguquleni umThetho weePosi ka-1958, umThetho wokuNgcakaza, 1965, nomThetho wokuNgcakaza, 1982 (Phonoshono kweNciba) nokuguzula umThetho woNgcakazo weliZwe, 1984 (Phonoshono kweNciba), noMmiselo wokuNgcakaza, 1989 (Phesheya kweNciba), nokunika amathuba emibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 103 ka-1977 wokuLawulwa kwezakhiwo zesiZwe nemigangatho yezakhiwo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okukhuthaza ukufana kumthetho onxulumene nokumiswa kwezakhiwo kwimimandla ephantsi kolawulo lwamagunya asemakhaya, nokubeka imigangatho yokwakha, nayo nayiphi na imibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 33 ka-1996 woNgcakazo lwesiZwe: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okulawula nolungelelaniso lwemibandela ethile emalunga neendawo zokungcakaza, ukungcakaza nokwenza amaqashiso, yaye ngalo njongo kunikwe umsindleko wokukhuthazwa kwezithethe nemigangatho esebenza ngokubanzi kwiRiphabhliki iphela; kunye nokunika umsindleko wokumiselwa kweQumrhu lokuNgcakaza lesiZwe, nokunika amathuba emibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 87 ka-1993 wokungaNdisi iziXhobo zenTshabalalo enkulu: Injongo yalo mthetho kukunika amagunya okulawula izixhobo zentshabalalo, nokumiselwa kweBhunga lokulawula nokulungelelanisa imibandela enxulumene nokwandiswa kwezixhobo ezilolo hlobo kwiRiphabhliki; kunye nokubeka iinjongo nemisebenzi yalo, nokubeka indlela eliya kuthi lilawulwe lilungelelaniswe ngayo, nokunika amathuba emibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 84 ka-1993 wemiBandela yesiBhakabhaka: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okumiselwa kweBhunga lokulawula nokulungelelanisa imibandela ethile emalunga nesibhakabhaka kwiRiphabhliki, nokubeka iinjongo nemisebenzi yalo, nokunika indlela yokulawulwa nokulungelelaniswa kwalo.
UmThetho 9 ka-1978 weSwekile: Injongo yalo mThetho kukuhlanganisa nokuguqula imithetho enxulumene noshishino lweswekile, nokunika amathuba kwimibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 73 ka-1968 wokuBolekisa ngeMali eneNzala: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika umsindleko wokumisela imida nokuvezwa kweemali-ntlawulo ezibizwayo ngezivumelwano zokubolekwa kwemali, ukwenziwa kwamatyala, nengqesho kunye nemibandela ehlangene noko, nokuguzula umThetho ka-1926 wokuBolekisa ngeMali eneNzala.
UmThetho 107 ka-1988 wamaQumrhu eenTlawulo noRhwebo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okumiselwa kweQumrhu leenTlawulo noRhwebo nemibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 4 ka-1986 woVumelwano nge-Arhente kwiNtengiso yeeMpahla kumazwe ngamazwe: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okusebenza koVumelwano nge-Arhente kwintengiso yeeMpahla kumazwe ngamazwe, nokunika umsindleko kwimibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 78 ka-1957 wenGqiniseko-kwakhona yamaTyala okuThumela iiMpahla ngaphandle noTyalo-mali lwangaPhandle: Injongo yalo mThetho kukukhuthaza urhwebo namazwe angaphandle kweRiphabhliki ngokunika amathuba okuqinisekisa kwakhona noRhulumente weRiphabhliki ngezivumelwano ze-inshorensi ngokunxulumene nezivumelwano zothunyelo-mpahla kwamanye amazwe, utyalo-mali neemboleko-mali okanye izinto ezifana nezo zinxulumene nezo zivumelwano.
UmThetho 45 ka-1963 wokuLawulwa koNgeniso noThunyelo-mpahla ngaphandle: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika umsindleko wokulawula ukungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kweempahla kwamanye amazwe, ukuguqulwa komThetho wokuQhutyelwa phambili kwamaNyathelo eMfazwe, 1956, kunye neminye imibandela ehlangene noko.
UmThetho 11 ka-1985 woVumelwano lwamaZwe ngamazwe ngeziKhongozeli eziKhuselekileyo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okusebenza koVumelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe ngeziKhongozeli ezikhuselekileyo kwiRiphabhliki, nokunika umsindleko kwimibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 76 ka-1973 weziXhobo Zokuthatha imilinganiselo nemiGangatho yokuthatha imilinganiselo: Lo mThetho unika amathuba okwaziswa nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuthatha imilinganiselo zomXokelelwano wamaZwe ngamazwe weziXhobo ngendlela emisiweyo kwiRiphabhliki, nezinye izixhobo ezithile zokuthatha imilinganiselo. Ikwanika amathuba oqulunqo lwemigangatho yesizwe yokuthatha imilinganiselo, nayo nayiphi na imibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 29 ka-1993 wemiGangatho: Lo mThetho unika amathuba okukhuthazwa nokugcinwa kokumiselwa kwemigangatho nobulunga ngokubhekiselele kwiimpahla nokunikwa kweenkonzo.
UmThetho 77 ka-1973 womLinganiselo woRhwebo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukuhlanganisa nokuguqula umthetho onxulumene nomlinganiselo worhwebo.
UmThetho 22 ka-1940 woPhuhliso loShishini: Injongo yalo mThetho kukumisela intlangano, injongo yayo eya ukuba kukukhuthaza ukumiselwa kwamashishini amatsha nemisebenzi emitsha yamashishini nokuphuhlisa amashishini akhoyo nezibophelelo ezikhoyo zamashishini, nokunika amathuba ezinye izehlo.
UmThetho 31 ka-1962 woPhuhliso lokuYila: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okukhuthaza ukuphuhlisa nokusebenzisa izinto ezifumanisekileyo, eziyiliweyo neziphuculweyo ukunceda abantu nokuba, ngenxa yalo njongo, kumiselwe inTlangano yoPhuhliso lwezinto eziYiliweyo zaseMzantsiAfrika nokunika amagunya nemisebenzi yayo nendlela eza kulawulwa ilungelelaniswe ngayo, kunye nokunika amathuba eminye imbandela enxulumene nayo.
UmThetho 187 ka-1993 woPhuhliso lokuVelisa: Injongo yalo mThetho kukumisela iQumrhu loPhuhliso lokuVelisa, nokunika amathuba okumiselwa kweentlelo zophuhliso lokuvelisa, kunye nokunika amathuba emibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 105 ka-1998 weNgxowa-mali yokuXhobisa isiZwe: Injongo yalo mThetho kukumisela ingxowa yokukhuthazwa nokulungelelaniswa kobunini beempahla ezizisa ingeniso, kubantu ababesoloko bevinjwe amathuba.
UmThetho 102 ka-1996 wamaShishini amaNcinci esiZwe: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okumiselwa kweBhunga lamaShishini amaNcinci esiZwe ne-Arhente yokuKhuthaza ishishini leNtsika. Ukwanika nezikhokelo kwimibutho kaRhulumente ukuze ikhuthaze amashishini amancinci kwiRiphabhliki, yaye ikwanika amathuba kwimibandela ehlangene noko.
UmThetho 46 ka-1988 weBhunga loPhando-Nzulu: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okuqhubeka kobukho beBhunga loPhando-Nzulu noShishino nokulawulwa kwalo liQumrhu, nayo nayiphi na imibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 27 ka-1997 wamaGama amaShishini: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okulawulwa kwamagama amashishini nemiba ehlangene noko.
UmThetho 98 ka-1978 weLungelo lokuKhutshelwa: Injongo yalo mThetho kukulawula ilungelo lokukhutshelwa nokunika amathuba kwimibandela ehlangene noko.
UmThetho 37 ka-1997 weeMpahla eziyiNkohliso: Injongo yalo mThetho kukwazisa amanyathelo ajoliswe ekuchaseni urhwebo lweempahla eziyinkohliso ukuze kukhuseleke abanini beempawu zempahla yorhwebo, ilungelo lokukhuphela neempawu ezithile phantsi komThetho weeMpawu zoRhwebo, 1941, ngokuchasene nokusetyenziswa okungekho mthethweni kolwazi lwamalungelo eempahla ezibe yingcamango yomntu othile, kwiimpahla nangokuchasene nokukhululelwa kweempahla ezilolo hlobo (ezibizwa ngokuba 'ziimpahla eziyinkohliso') kumajelo orhwebo.
UmThetho 195 ka-1993 woYilo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba obhaliso lwezinto eziyiliweyo nemibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 17 ka-1941 weeMpawu zeMpahla yoRhwebo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika umsindleko ngokubhekiselele ekuphawulweni kwempahla yorhwebo nezisongeli ethi impahla ithengiswe nazo nokusetyenziswa kwamagama nemifuziselo ethile ngokuxulumene noshishino.
UmThetho 57 ka-1978 wobuNgqina: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba obhaliso nokunika ubungqina bezinto eziyiliweyo nobemibandela enxulumene noko.
UmThetho 11 ka-1967 woKhuseleko lwabaDlali: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba okhuseleko kubadlali bemisebenzi yoncwadi nobugcisa.
UmThetho 194 ka-1993 weeMpawu zoRhwebo: Injongo yalo mThetho kukunika amathuba obhaliso lweempawu zorhwebo, iimpawu zorhwebo zoqiniselo neempawu zorhwebo ezihlangeneyo, nokunika amathuba emibandela ehlangene noko.
UmThetho 76 ka-1976 wezeNzo zoRhwebo: Lo mThetho awukabikho okwangoku.
UmThetho 37 ka-1961 wokuSetyenziswa kwemiFuziselo okungaGunyaziswanga: Lo mThetho ukhusela abathengi ngokuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwemifuziselo nezimeli zikaRhulumente ngendlela engeyiyo ukubonisa inkxaso kaRhulumente kwimveliso okanye iinkonzo apho inkxaso elolo hlobo ingakhange inikwe.
UkuGuqulwa kweenTlawulo, kunye neembuyekezo.
IziQiniselo zeWonga lomSebenzi kuShiShino lokuLuka iiMpahla - Ulungiselelo lwesiQiniselo somSebenzi (DCCS) lwaqaliswa ngomhla woku-1 Apreli 1993 ukuphembelela nokukhuthaza abavelisi bezinto ezilukiweyo neempahla ukuba bakhuphisane namazwe ngamazwe, bengaxhomekekanga kwizibonelelo zikaRhulumente. Yinkqubo yokufumana amawonga omsebenzi ekuthunyelweni kweemveliso zempahla neemaluko ngomnyaka othile.
Iziko loQhagamshelwano nabaThengi le-dti liya kuba nakho ukukunceda ngemibuzo emalunga noku nezinye iinkuthazo.
IziQiniselo eziFanelekileyo zoThunyelo-Mpahla ngaphandle ngokweNkqubo yoPhuhliso loShishino lweziThuthi - Injongo yalo msindleko kukudala uphucuko kukhuphiswano lwezithuthi noshishino lokuveliswa kwamalungu (azo) kwihlabathi. Izicelo zamalungu eenqwelo ezizizithuthi zidinga ukuqiniselwa njengeepahla ezifanelekileyo ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukuze zivumeleke ukufumana amancedo ngokwe-MIDP.
Ukunyuka kwerhafu yeemfanelo - Injongo yalo msindleko kukukhuthazwa kophuhliso loqoqosho oluzinzileyo ngokuthi kuphuculwe ukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo okukwiqondo eliphezulu.
UkuNcitshiswa kweRhafu yeemfanelo- Injongo yalo msindleko kukudala ukuncipha kwamaxabiso nokukhulisa ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi.
Ukutsalwa kwenTlawulo zokuChasa ukuNgcolisa nokungaLungelelanisi - I-dti inika ukhuseleko kushishino lweSACU ngokunyusa izinga leentlawulo zokuchasana nokungcolisa nokungalungelelanisi kwiimeko apho umthumeli-mpahla-ngaphandle okanye umthengi -mpahla ngaphandle atsala intlawulo yokuchasana nokungcolisa nokungalungelelanisi, ukutsho; apho kungekho okanye kukho intshukumo yexabiso enganelanga emva kokumiselwa kwezo ntlawulo.
Intshukumo echasene nokuphepha iintlawulo: I-dti inika ukhuselo kushishino lwe-SACU ngokunyuswa okanye ukwandiswa komhlaba wokusebenza kweentlawulo zokungcolisa okanye ukungalungelelanisi apho iintlawulo zokuchasana nokungcolisa okanye ukungalungelelanisi zithe zaphetshwa ngokuhlelwa kweentlawulo ezingezizo, ukutsiba ilizwe okanye imisebenzi yokuhlangana.
Intshukumo echasene nothunyelo-mpahla ngaphandle olunikwe inkxaso- i-dti inika amathuba okupicothwa kokungalungelelani, okukhuthaza ukhuseleko loshishino lwe-SACU kwiimveliso ezingeniswa kweli lizwe ngamaxabiso anikwe inkxaso nguRhulumente welizwe elithumelayo, ngalo nto kuthi kubangele ukulimala kwezixhobo zoshishino lwe-SACU.
Ukuphandwa kokowaphulwa komThetho olawula ukuNgeniswa nokuthunyelwa ngaPhandle kweempahla- Injongo yalo msindleko kukuphanda iimeko zokwaphulwa kwalo mThetho, ukuthimba iimpahla ezingeniswe kweli lizwe, iimpahla ezilungiselelwe ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngokungekho mthetweni, nokutshutshisa abo bophula umthetho.
Ukuhlolwa kwempahla entsha ethunyelwayo- i-dti inika lo msindleko ukuze kukhutshelwe ngaphandle abathumeli-mpahla bamazwe amiselwe intlawulo yokuchasa ukulahlela nokungalungelelanisi ekuhlawuleni iintlawulo zokuchasa ukulahlela, apho aba bathumeli banokubonisa ubungqina bokuba khange bayithumele kwi-SACU le mveliso kuthethwa ngayo ngexesha langaphambili lokupicotha.
UkuHlolwa kweenTlawulo ekuTshoneni kweLanga kuMiselwe imiNyaka emiHlanu- I-dti inika lo msindleko ukuze ibone ukuba nayiphi na intlawulo yokuchasa ukulahlela nokungalungelelani ebimiselwe iminyaka emihlanu idinga ukukuba kuqhutyekekwe nayo na, oko kukuthi, ukuba ngaba kuya kubakho ukuqhubekeka na okanye ukuphindwa kolahlelo olunobungozi okanye uthunyelo-ngaphandle kweempahla, okufumene inkxaso, okunobungozi ukuba iintlawulo kufuneka zisusiwe. Injongo yalo msindleko kukunika ukhuseleko loshishino lwe-SACU ekuqhubekeni okanye ukuphindwa kolahlelo nokulimala kwezixhobo.
Ulawulo longeniso-mpahla- Injongo yalo msindleko kukunceda ekuphuhliseni ukugcinwa kweempahla phambi kokuba zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, nokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nemisindleko yezivumelwano zamazwe-ngamazwe. Lo msindleko ukwanceda ekuphuhliseni igunya lolawulo ekuphumeni kweempahla ezithathwa njengokuba zezohlobo lokuphamba okanye ezingeniswe ngokungekho mthethweni okanye ezibiweyo.
ULawulo loThunyelo-mpahla- Injongo yalo msindleko kukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla esezisebenzile ezingeniswayo azitshabalalisi ushishino lwe-SACU. Lo msindleko ukwaphuhlisa ulawulo lwempilo yommandla ngenjongo yokuthobela imithetho yommandla.
UBhaliso lweNkampani- I-dti inika ulwazi loshishino ngobhaliso ngokomThetho weeNkampani. Lo msindleko ubandakanya ubhaliso okanye ubandakanyo lweenkampani zikarhulumente nezizimeleyo, uhlaziya ukwaguqula ulwazi olunxulumene neenkampani ezibhalisiweyo, ukwakhusela abatyali-zimali ngokuqinisekisa ukuba usetyenziso oluthembisayo lulungile.
UkuBekelwa bucala kwamaGama- I-dti inika ukhuselo lwezinto ngokubekela bucala amagama. Le nkonzo ibandakanya ukubekela bucala igam ukuze kubhaliswe inkampani okanye iqumrhu.
UBhaliso lwamaLungelo empahla asisiphumo sengcamango yomntu othile, izixhobo neziyilo- I-dti inika ithuba lobhaliso lwamaLungelo eMpahla esisiphumo sengcamango yomntu othile, ezizixhobo neziyilo. Lo msindleko unika ukhuseleko kubanini bamaLungelo eMpahla esisiphumo sengcamango yomntu othile ukuya ekukhutshelweni ngaphandle kwabanye abantu, ukwanika ulwazi lweMpahla esisiphumo sengcamango yomntu othile kubantu ababandakanyekayo.
UBhaliso lweeMpawu zoRhwebo neLungelo lokuKhuphela- I-dti inika amathuba okubhalisa iimPawu zoRhwebo neLungelo lokuKhuphela kwimiBoniso-bhanyabhanya. Lo msindleko unika iindlela zamacebiso anxulumene nobhaliso lweempawu zorhwebo nokubhekiselele emthethweni, kubathengi. Ubhaliso lwelungelo lokukhuphela neempawu zorhwebo lukwanika ukhuseleko lwempahla esisiphumo sengcamango yomntu othile.
Ubhaliso lwamaQumrhu ahlangeneyo- Lo msindleko ujoliswe ikakhulu kumashishini amancinci, aphakathi nakumhlaba omncinci, anqwenela ukuthatha inxaxheba kwicandelo eliqulunqiweyo lwamashishini. Amshishini axhamla gokufumana ukuvunywa njengasemthethweni kulo msindleko; aze akwazi ukufaka iithenda zwo kwimisebenzi karhulumente okanye eyamacandelo azimeleyo; abenemfanelo encinci yokuhlawula, evumela ukwahluka kweempahla zamalungu neemfanelo kwabo bamaqumrhu ahlangeneyo (lo nto yenza ukuba kusetyenzwe ngobugcisa); kunye nokuqala ukuba negalelo kwiiNkonzo zeRhafu eMzantsiAfrika.
UPicotho lweeNkampani- Injongo yalo msindleko kukuvumela ukuqaliswa kopicotho kwinkampani xa kubonakala ukuba ishishini lenkampani liqhutywa ngenjongo yokuqhatha ababolekisi-mali balo; lo mntu ubandakanyeka ekumiselweni okanye kulawulo lwenkampani ukhe wanetyala lobuqhetseba; ukungahoyi imisebenzi okanye nayiphi na enye indlela yokuziphatha ngokungafanelekanga kwimibandela yenkampani njengoko kulindelekileyo.
Uhlolo lweTyala lomThengi- I-dti inoxanduva lolawulo lomThetho wokuBolekisa ngemali eneNzala, umThetho wesiVumelwano seTyala nomThetho wemiandela yokuThengisa neeNkozo. UmThetho wokuBolekisa ngeMali eneNzala ulawula ukuziphatha kwababolekisi ngemali, indlela ekunokubalwa ngayo inzala uze ubeke nelona zinga liphezulu leqondo lemali ntlawulo enokubizwa.
UPicotho lwabaThengi- Injongo yalo msindleko kukunika amathuba opicotho lwabathengi okujoliswe ekuphelisweni okanye ulawulo lweenkqubo ezingafanelekanga zoshishino.
UPicotho lweeMpahla zeNkohliso- Injongo yalo msindleko kukunika amathuba opicotho lweeMpahla zeNkohliso xa umntu ecinga ukuba amalungelo eempahla ezisisiphumo sengcamango yomntu othile ayophulwa.
I-SABS: UkuThobela okuMiselweyo nemiGangatho yoRhwebo, iMpilo noKhuseleko lwabaThengi- I-SABS ilawula phantse izimiselo ezinyanzeliswa ngumthetho ezingama-70 kwindawo ebanzi. Le mimiselo inyanzeliswayo ngamanyathelo naziimfuneko ezisemthethweni ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zangaphakathi okanye ezithunyelwa eMzantsiAfrika okanye ezithunyelwa ngaphandle koMzantsi Afrika ziyafikelela kweyona migangatho isezantsi efunekayo yempilo nokhuseleko njengoko ibekwe kwimiGangatho efanelekileyo yeSizwe eMzantsiAfrika.
Ulwazi ngoqoqosho/ushishino - Lo msindleko ubandakanya ukunikwa kolwazi loshishino okanye uqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika kubatyali-zimali abathembisayo okanye abakhoyo. Ujolise ekwenzeni ukuba ulwazi oluphangaleleyo ngokutyala imali eMzantsiAfrika lufumaneke lula kubaxumi.
Ukulungelelanisa utyalo-mali lwenkampani yakho - I-dti inika inkonzo yonxibelelwano namaziko olawulo namanye amasebe karhulumente ukusombulula iingxaki ezinto ezixakayo, ezifana neemvume zokuhlala nemibandela efanelekileyo yolawulo.
Ulungelelaniso lokufikelela kwiinkuthazo zikarhulumente zotyalo-mali - Lo msindleko uyafunyanwa nguye namphi na umtyali-mali othembisayo okanye okhoyo onqwenela ukwandisa okanye ukumisela ishishini lakhe eMzantsiAfrika. Abatyali-mali kufuneka banelise imigaqo efanelekileyo ukuze balungele ukufumana iinkuthazo.
Ukuze bafumane ulwazi oluthe xaxe ngalo msindleko, abaxumi banganxibelelana neZiko le-dti lokuNxibelelana nabaThengi.
I-BRAIN: uDluliselo loShishino, amaCebiso nomXokelelwano woLwazi - I-Brain izama ukuphucula izinga lukhuphiswano nokukhula kwamashishini amancinci (SMMEs) eMzantsiAfrika ngokunikela ngolwazi loshishino olufanelekileyo nolunexabiso.
ICebiso lokuThobela uLawulo loShishino - Injongo yalo msindleko kukunceda amashishini ekuzuzeni ukuqonda okungcono kokuba yeyiphi na imithetho esebenzayo kushishino lwabo nokuba bangahambisana njani na nayo ngokupheleleyo.
I-FRAIN: UDluliselo lweGunya loShishino nomxokelelwano woLwazi - ICebiso lwesiGunyaziso (soshishino) nomXokelelwano wolwazi (iFRAIN) zizama ukunika ulwazi neenkonzo zenkxaso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kubantu namashishini amancinci (SMMEs) ukuqinisekisa ukukhula nokuphucuka kwamashishini agunyazisiweyo amatsha namadala eMzantsiAfrika.
Uhlelo loQanduselo - Le nkqubo ihlanganyelwe yi-DACST ne-dti njengabaxhasi ngemali apho amaqumrhu awohlukeneyo (iqela leenkampani, iidyunivesithi, iintlangano, njalonjalo), anezakhono kwimimandla ethile, anikwa inkxaso-mali ukuze amisele iziqanduseli zobuchwephesha boshishino. Lo msindleko ujoliswe nakwawaphi ma amaQumrhu awohlukeneyo anezakhono kummandla othile abe ekulungele ukuba negalelo kulo projekhthi. Axhamla kolu hlelo ngokuzuza uncedo lwezimali lobuxhakaxhaka bokuqandusela kunye okanye neendleko zokuzisebenzisa.
AmaZiko amaShishini asekuHlaleni - Uhlelo lweZiko leeNkozo zamaShishini asekuHlaleni (I-LBS) yinkqubo ephambili yokukhuthaza amashishini amancinci, aphakathi nakwimimandla emincinci kuMzantsi Afrika uphela. Olu hlelo lunika ubuxhakaxhaka kwilizwe lonke, apho ubuthelelwano phakathi kukurhulumente, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, namacandelo azimeleyo lungenziwa ukuze kuqondakale imigomo neenjongo zobuchule besizwe kuphuhliso nokukhuthazwa kwamashishini amancinci eMzantsiAfrika.
UkuCebisa - Injongo ephambili yolu Cebiso kukuqinisekisa ukukhutshelwa kwezakhono ngkulinganayo. Lunika iinkonzo ezimbini, ezizezi; iinkonzo zaphambi kwemali-mboleko nasemva kwemali-mboleko. Ngenqanaba laphambi kwemali-mboleko abarhweni bancedwa ngeengcebiso, ukuboniswa nophuhliso lwezicwangciso eziphilileyo zoshishino. Kwinqanaba elisemva kwemali-mboleko, abaxumi bancedwa ngawo nawuphi na umba wokulawula ishishini eliphumelelayo elikhethwe ngumxumi, umcebisi wakhe okanye bobabini.
I-SABS: UQeqesho loLawulo olusemGangathweni - Abasebenzi becandelo lemFundo, uQeqesho noPhuhliso lwe-SABS bazibophelele ekunikeni inkonzo esemgangathweni, efezekisa iimfuno zabathengi bethu, ikwanelisa okulindelwe ngabo.
UNcedo ekuJoliswe kulo - Inxulumanisa ukudalwa kommandla owenza kubelula ukukhuthaza ukukhula nophuhliso lwamashishini abancinci nabalawuli bawo ingabantu abakhubazekileyo, ulutsha nabafazi, nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwabarhwebi basezilalini.
UHLelo lweZiko lweeNgcebiso zokuXabisa umSebenzi - UHLelo lweZiko lweeNgeebiso zokuXabisa umSebenzi lujolise kumashishini amancinci anabaqeshwa aba-5 ukuya kwabangama-50, kumashishini okwakha, ukuvelisa neenkonzo.
UHlelo loPhuhliso loRhwebo noTyalo-mali (I-TIDP) - I-TIDP yenzelwe ukunceda amashishini amancinci emZatsi Afrika ukuba aphuhlise isakhono sawo ekukhuphisaneni kwintengiso yamazwe ngamazwe.
I-CSIR: UPhando - UkwaKha nolwaKhiwo - UbuChwephesha bokwaKha nolwaKhiwo bunika izakhono kule mimandla ilandelayo: Ulawulo lophuhliso, ukucwangcisa nokulawula izixhobo, ubuchwephesha bokwakha, iindawo ezizinzileyo zokuhlala abantu, ulwazi lobunjineli bomlilo, izixhobo, kunye nezinto zomdongwe.
I-CIRS: UPhando - imiChiza - Ulwazi lommandla wemichiza lujoliswe kuphando, uphuhliso nokwenziwa, kunye nakwizixhobo zokuhlola ngamaxesha athile.
I-CSIR: UPhando- UkuThintelwa kobuNdlobongela - I-CSIR idlala indima ebalulekileyo njenge-arhente yenkxaso kummandla wokuthintela ubundlobongela nokulwa nobuchwephesha. IQela elintantlu-ninzi leencutshe, elingxabalaze kwimiba emininzi yobunzulu-lwazi nobuchwephesha, lenza imisebenzi yothintelo lobundlobongela bobuchule obubodwa.
I-CSIR: UPhando - Ukhuseleko nemithambo - Ukulinganisa, ukuyila, ukuhlola nokuvavanywa kwenqwelo-maya nezixhobo zasemoyeni; ukuhlanganiswa kwezitora; amacebiso nenkxaso yobuchwephesha kwirada; iimveliso zobuntlola ezinguzenzele; imfazwe yolwazi; imfazwe yombane; ukuyalela nokulawula; ukufuzisela nokulinganisa; ubunjineli bomxokelelwano wombane; kunye nobuchwephesha benkqubo yokuhamba ngenqanawa.
I-CSIR: UPhando - UkuTya, iziSelo nokuLoba - Inika iinkonzo ezisekelwe kubuchwephesha, kushishino lokutya, iziselo, ulungiselelo lokutya, iziqabo zomzimba, imichiza ecolekileyo, intengiso nolimo.
I-CSIR: UPhando- UbuChwephesha boLwazi: Imisebenzi kubuchwephesha bolwazi, unxibelelwano nobuchwephesha besibhakabhaka ukusuka ekumiselweni kwesixhasi sesiphekepheke nokunika izisombululo zolwazi lwehlabathi, ukuya kuphuhliso lwezisombululo zenkxaso nokunxulumana kwi-IT nonxibelelwano, ukuya kutyalo lobuchwephesha bengomso kude kuye kwimizamo eqalwayo nokudala ushishino lwamanani.
I-CSIR: UPhando- UkuVelisa neziXhobo- Izisombululo zoPhando nobuChwephesha ezikhokelela ekukhuthazweni, ukukhulisewa kweqondo loshishino lokuvelisa, ukuphuhliswa nokukhuliswa kweqondo lenkqubo, ukuyilwa nokuphuhliswa kwemveliso, nokusetyenzwa kwezixhobo. Inika izisombululo ezihlangeneyo kwimingeni emininzi yokuvelisa ngokuhlanganisa ubuchwephesha nokukhuliswa kwezinga lekqubo yoshishino noqeqesho kunye nemfundo edingekayo.
I-CSIR: UPhando- UloMbiwo, iziNyithi neziMbiwa- Ubuchule bobunjineli bamatye nokuphuhliswa kwezixhobo ukugcina ukomba okukhuselekileyo ngeli xa kunyuswa ukukhupha: ukuphuhliswa kwendlela nezixhobo ezitsha zokuthintela ugqabhuko phantsi komhlaba nokucutha izingcolisi ezidalwa ngumoya ezifana nobushushu, uthuli nokungena kwemitha, nokuphucula ukuvelisa namazinga okhuseleko ngokusebenzisa oomatshini kumsebenzi wokomba nokuphuhlisa izixhobo nobugcisa bokwandisa izicwangciso zexesha elifutshane nelide.
I-CSIR: UPhando - Amanzi, uMmandla namaHlathi - Ubuchwephesha bokuhlola nokulawula ummandla, imithombo yehlabathi, amahlathi neemveliso zamahlathi, ukulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi, ukuphuhliswa konxweme nemithombo yolwandle.
UbuChwephesha obulungiselelwe abaFazi abakuShishino - Urhulumente woMzantsi Afrika, ngeSebe lakhe lezoRhwebo noShishino, ubonise iinjongo zakhe zokuphuhlisa abafazi kushishino ngokumisela INkqubo yesiZwe yobuChwephesha elungiselelwe abaFazi abakuShishino (TWIB). I-TWIB yenzelwe ukujoliswa ekuphuhliseni ukufikeleleka kolwazi nobuchwephesha kubafazi abakushishino, ngakumbi kumashishini amancinci, aphakathi nakummandla ongebanzi (ii-SMME). Yinkqubo yesizwe phantsi koncedo lweSebe lwezoRhwebo noShishino (i-dti).
INkqubo yomGangatho esekwe kumLinganiselo woMzantsi Afrika.
INkqubo yomGangatho esekwe kumLinganiselo woMzantsi Afrika (I-SQAM)- INkqubo yomGangatho esekwe kumLinganiselo woMzantsi Afrika (I-SQAM) yindlela equkayo yomgangatho esekwe kwimilinganiselo esuka kurhulumente eyilelwe ukuphuhlisa ukukhuphisana koshishino loMzantsi Afrika ngokubanzi.
I-SABS: ULwazi lwemiGangatho yamazwe-ngamazwe - IZiko loLwazi lweZiko loMiselo miGanngatho yindawo ongaqala kuyo yokufumana ulwazi lwemigangatho. Linika imigangatho, izimiselo, imithetho yokusebenza, neendlela zokuvavanya ezingaphezu kwama-500 000, ngeenjongo zokukhangela.
I-SABS: UQeqesho lokuLawula umGangatho - Abasebenzi becandelo lemFundo, uQeqesho noPhuhliso kwi-SABS bazinikele ekunikeni inkonzo yomgangatho ophezulu ehlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi babo neyanelisa okulindelwe ngabathengi.
Ukomeleza amandla akho okuThumela iimpahla ngaPhandle - I-dti inceda abathumeli-mpahla ngaphandle ukomeleza amandla abo okuthumela impahla, ngokwandisa isikhundla sabo sokuphuhlisa iimveliso ezinokuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngenkqubo elawulwa yiNtsika. Le nkqubo ivumela abathumeli mpahla ukuba baphucule uyilo lwemveliso yabo, iinkqubo zokuvelisa, imigangatho yobuchwephesha, upakisho nokukwazi ukuthengisa.
Inkonzo yeeNgcebiso zoThunyelo Mpahla - I-dti inika amacebo ngeendlela zokuthumela impahla ngaphandle ngee-FAQ ezicaca gca ezingama-31 ubuncinane neempendulo ezimalunga nokuthumela impahla esuka eMzantsiAfrika, izizizathu zokuba umthumeli mpahla kufuneke athumele eseMzantsiAfrika, iinkqubo zothunyelo mpahla ezizekeliswe ngokucacileyo nemijikelo, nolwazi olongezekileyo olufana nemithetho yentlawulo, iifomu, namaxwebhu adinga ukugcwaliswa.
ULwazi lweMarike yeempahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle - I-dti inika abathengi ulwazi olungeemarike namathuba, iimpendulo zemibuzo evame ukubuzwa, iingxelo zelizwe, iingxelo zohlolo lwemarike neencwadana ezingezivumelwano zorhwebo olukhululekileyo. Abathengi baya kuxelelwa ngeemfuno zokungena kwiimarike zangaphandle nokkhethwa kweemarike abangathumela kuzo iimpahla zabo ngaphandle. Lo msindleko ujoliswe kwii-SMME, BEE, WEE, nabathumeli-mpahla abakhudlwana, abaya kuxhamla ngokwazi iimarike uMzantsi Afrika ojonge ukwenza nazo izivumelwano zorhwebo kunye nokuthunyelwa kweemveliso.
Ukufikelela kulo msindleko abaxumi banganxixibelelana neZiko loNxibelelwano lwabaThengi le-dti.
Ikiti yokuhlola ukulungela ukuthumela iimpahla ngaphandle - I-dti inika uludwe lwemibuzo yokuzinceda ukunceda abathumeli mpahla abathembisayo ukuba baqonde ubume bokulungela kwabo ukuthumela iimpahla.
Ukuthelekisa abathumeli mpahla boMzantsi Afrika nabathengi bangaPhandle - Injongo ephambili yalo msindleko kukuqhagamshelanisa abathumeli mpahla beenkampani ezilungele ukuthumela iimpahla nabathengi okanye abangenisi mpahla abathembisayo bangaphandle. Lomsindleko uya kwenza ukuba abathumeli baseMzantsiAfrika bakwazi ukwandisa imarike yabo yangaphandle.
Zonke iinkampani ezithumela iimpahla ngaphandle nezo zilungele oko, kuquka ii-SMME neeBEE, zingafikelela kulo msindleko. Abathumeli nabangenisi mpahla bahlolwa ngemiqathango eyahlukeneyo engqamene nesakhono sabo sokusabela kwizidingo zabo, omnye komnye. Iinkapani ezizezona zilungileyo zithi zithelekiswe ukuze ukwaziswa kulungelelaniswe. I-dti iza kukhulisa obu budlelane busebutsha bude bukhuseleke nezivumelwano zibe zenziwe.
Ukufikelela kulo msindleko abaxumi banga nxixibelelana neZiko loNxulumano lwabaThengi le-dti.
UHlelo loThatho-nxaxheba lwamaShishini esiZwe - UThatho-nxaxheba luhlelo olufuna ukomeleza amancedo oqoqosho nokuxhasa uphuhliso loshishino loMzantsi Afrika ngokusebenzisa kakuhle isixhobo sokuzuza kukarhulumente. UHlelo lwe-NIP lugunyaziswe kuzo zonke iintengo zikarhulumente okanye ezamaqumrhu angalawulwa ngqo ngurhulumente okanye izivumelwano zokuqeshisa (iimpahla neenkonzo) eziqulethe umthwalo ongeniswa kweli lizwe olingana okanye ongaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-10 US$.
IiNgcebiso nokuDluliselwa kwabaThengi - I-dti ilawula umthetho onika abathengi ukhuseleko kwimimandla emininzi. Lomthetho unika abathengi ukhuseleko kumashishini angenasazela, ukwalawula indlela yokuziphatha kwababolekisi abancinci, iibhanka nabathengisi abakwelitisa ngeempahla kunye nee-arhente zemihlaba. Namphi na umthengi ohlangabezana neenzima ngokubhekiselele koku kungasentla angafaka isikhalazo okanye afune uncedo necebiso.
Ingxowa-mali yobuXhakaxhaka obu-Ethe-ethe - Uhlelo lobuxhakaxhaka obu-ethe-ethe lunika uncedo olujoliselwe ukuPhuhlisa ubuxhakaxhaka obutsha okanye ukuphuculwa kobo bukhoyo bujongiswe ukuxhasa okanye ukwenza imisebenzi emitsha yotyalo-mali, ukwandiswa kwemisebenzi yotyalo-mali ekhoyo okanye, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, imisebenzi ekhoyo yotyalo-mali.
Uncedo loTyalo-mali lwangaPhandle - Uncedo loTyalo-mali lwangaPhandle lujonge ukukhuthaza oosomashishini bangaphandle ukuba batyale kwimicimbi yeemveliso ezintsha eMzantsiAfrika ngokubuyekeza ushishino lwangaphandle ngeendleko ezifanelekileyo zokususa oomatshini nezixhobo ezitsha kumazwe angaphandle zize eMzantsi Afrika.
IsaPhulelo seeempahla zokuVeliswa - Injongo yalo msindleko kukunciphisa inani lamaqonga ezithuthi nemifuziselo edityaniswe apha ngaphakathi ngokuhlangene notyalo-mali oluphakamileyo neempahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinomthwalo wangaphakathi owongezekileyo. Lo msindleko uya kwenza ukuba umthengi alondoloze imali ngokusebenzisa isiqiniselo sembuyekezo ukulungisa iintlawulo zokungenisa iimpahla kungeniso lwezithuthi ezakhiweyo.
Uhlelo lokuXhasa izaKhono - Uhlelo lokuXhasa izaKhono (I-SSP) luncedo lwemali lokuphuhliswa kwezakhono ngenjongo yokukhuthaza utyalo-mali olukhulu ngokuqeqesha nokudala amathuba okuvezwa kwezakhono ezitsha ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
IiProjekthi zoShishino olunobuChule - Olu Hlelo lumele inyathelo lokudalwa kwezinto ezintsha ngurhulumente ukuze kunyuke amazinga ecandelo elizimeleyo lotyalo-mali kushishino oluneenguqulelo, olunengeniso noludala ubutyebi eMzantsi Afrika, kwangaxesha linye ludale amathuba emisebenzi ngaphakathi kwicandelo loshishino.
Uphuhliso lwamaShishini amancinci.
UHlelo lweDanida loShishino-ku-Shishino, Ulungiselelo lokuQinisekiswa kweTyala - Injongo yolu Hlelo loShishino-ku-Shishino kukuphuhlisa nokuqinisa amathuba oshishino nokudala imisebenzi koosomashishini abafanelekileyo kwiindawo ebezikade zivinjwe amathuba. Oku kufezekiswa ngenkxaso kuphuhliso lwamashishini anorhwebo oluphilileyo, asekwe ekumiselweni kobambiswano kushishino phakathi kweenkampani zoMzantsi Afrika neDenmark.
Ulungiselelo lwamaShishini aVelayo, Ulungiselelo lokuQinisekiswa kweTyala - Ulungiselelo lwamaShishini aVelayo lunika ukuya kutsho kuma-R100 000 nomrhumo ohlawulwa nge-4% kwangaphambili ngonyaka. Ixesha elimiselweyo ngama-24 eenyanga xa kusaqalwa, kodwa lingandiswa kathathu ngeenyanga ezili-12 ngesihlandlo ngasinye. Imiqathango kukukhuliswa kwemali-mboleko.
Ulungiselelo lokoXhobisa, Ulungiselelo lokuQinisekiswa kweTyala - Ulungiselelo lokuXhobisa lunika ukhuseleko oluya kutsho kwizigidi ezi-5 zeerandi zoncedo lwebhanka ngama-60%, nomrhumo ohlawlwa kwangaphambili osisi-2, 5% ngonyaka. Ixesha elimiselweyo ngama-36 eenyanga xa kusaqalwa, kanti lingandiswa kabini ngeenyanga ezili-12 ngesihlandlo ngasinye.
INgqiniseko yomntu ngamNye, Ulungiselelo lokuQinisekiswa kweTyala - Injongo yolu lungiselelo lwengqiniseko yomntu ngamnye kukwenza ukuba usomashishini akwazi ukufumana inkxaso yezimali kwibhanka ethatha inxaxheba okanye elinye iziko lezimali. Olu lungiselelo lwenza ukuba usomashishini afumane imali ngenjongo yokumisela, ukwandisa okanye ukuthenga ishishini. Amancedo agcinwe kulungiseleko lwengqiniseko yakwaKhula avame ukuquka iimali-mbeleko zamaxesha aqingqiweyo, amatyala emijikelo, ukutsala imali edluleleyo ebhankini, iintengiso ngezavenge, iingqiniselo zasebhanka kunye neengqiniselo zomsebenzi wolwakhiwo.
INgxowa-Mali yokuBuyisa yakwaZulu, Ulungiselelo lokuQinisekiswa kweTyala - Le ngxowa-mali ibekele oosomashishini bakwaZulu I-R10 lezigidi bucala, abamashishini abo achatshazelwa kakhulu ludushe ukuya kutsho ngo-1994. Le ngxowa-mali yenzelwe ukuba ilungiselele ukungabikho kwezibambiso kumashishini anqwenela ukuphinda avule. Oosomashishini banokuba kumashishini awohlukeneyo okwangoku yaye ubungqina bokuba ilahleko yeshishini lokuqala yabangelwa zizidubedube buya kufuneka.
IiNdawo zokuKhupha amatyala amaNcinci - I-KhulaStart isebenzisa indlela yokuhlangana kwamaqela (inika iimali-mboleko kumaqela - hayi abantu abangabodwa). Abantu bathi bahlangane babe ngamaqela anamalungu ama-3 ukuya kwali-10 yaye kudingeka ukuba banelise imiqathango emiselwe ukusebenza kwamaqela. Okona kubalulekileyo, iqela elo kufuneka lihlangane/lisebenze kunye. Ezi mali-mboleko zikhutshwa ze zithi zinyuke ukusuka kuma-R300 ukuya kuma-R3 500 kwilungu ngalinye apha eqeleni. Iqela liye ligqibe, ngokukhokelwa ngumsebenzi weshishini elinye, ukuba ilungu ngalinye liya kufumana malini na, yaye liya kuba sisibambiso sale ityalwa liqela liphelele.
Iingxowa-mali zokulingana zesiThili. - Isidingo semali ebekelwe ingozi (imali yengozi enokuhla/ukulingana okuzimeleyo) ukuxhasa amashishini amancinci naphakathi (ii-SME), ngakumbi lawo ancedwa ngamashishini abekade evinjwe amathuba, asithandabuzeki. Iibhanka ezininzi namaziko ezimali athe aqalisa uncedo-mali lokulingana kumxube weemveliso zawo.
INgxowa-mali yokuHlangana kweCandelo - INgxowa-mali yokuHlangana kweCandelo inika uncedo lwemali kwiintlanganisela ezinemizi-mveliso/amaqumrhu amahlanu okanye ngaphezulu kumashishini avelisayo, asebenza izinto zolimo okanye i-ITC ukuba achaze ze asebenzise iiprojekti zokuhlangana ezinxulumene nokuvelisa nokuthengisa okuya kukhulisa ukuvelisa kwabo nokhuphiswano namazwe-ngamazwe.
UHlelo lokuXhasa izaKhono - UHlelo lokuXhasa izaKhono (I-SSP) sisinikelo semali esilungiselelwe ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ngenjongo yokukhuthaza utyalo-mali olukhulu ekuqeqesheni nokudala amathuba okuveliswa kwezakhono ezitsha nezikumgangatho ophezulu.
UHlelo lokuPhuhliswa kwamaShishini amancinci naphakathi - UHlelo lokuPhuhliswa kwamaShishini amancinci naphakathi (iSMEDP) sisinikelo esihlawulwa kubatyai-zimali balapha nabangaphandle ukuze bakhulise imisebenzi yabo ekhoyo, esekelwe kwizinto nemisebenzi efanelekileyo nevunyiweyo.
Ulungiselelo olusemgangathweni, Ulungiselelo lokuQinisekiswa kweTyala - Ulungiselelo olusemgangathweni lunika ukhuseleko ukuya kutsho kwi-R1 sezigidi soncedo lwebhanki kumyinge wama-80%, nomrhumo wesi-3% ngonyaka ehlawulwa kwangaphambili. Ixesha elimiselwe olu lungiselelo ngama-36 eenyanga xa kusaqalwa, kanti lingandiswa kabini nge-12 leenyanga ngesihlandlo ngasinye. Imiqathango yesiqhelo iyasebenza.
INgxowa-Mali yokuQinisekisa ukuKhutshelwa kobuChwephesha, Ulungiselelo lokuQinisekiswa kweTyala -Injongo yale Ngxowa-mali kukuvumela ukufikelela kubuchwephesha balapha nobamazwe-ngamazwe ngokuqalisa ingxowa-mali yengqiniseko yokukhutshelwa kobuChwephesha ukulungelelanisa ukufikelela kwee-SMME kubuchwephesha balapha nobamazwe-ngamazwe, njengoko kufunwa yinjongo ye-GEAR ukulungelelanisa ukufikelela kwemizi-mveliso kubuchwephesha obudingekayo.
UNcedo lweTyala lokuGuqulwa komHlaba - UNcedo lweTyala lokuGuqulwa komHlaba luncedo lwemali ezizixa ezikhulu olukwiQumrhu lezeMali kuShishino lwaseKhula, ngenjongo yokuvuselela nokukhuthaza uthatho nxaxheba lwecandelo elizimeleyo nobandakanyeko kwiNkqubo yokuGuqulwa komHlaba. I-LRCF ixhaswa ngezimali liSebe lezemiHlaba nenTlangano yaseYuriphu. Olu ncedo lufezekisa iinjongo zalo ngokunika iinkuthazo kwiibhanka zorhwebo namanye amaziko akumgangatho ophezulu ukuba atyale iimali kumalinge obambiswano anexabiso eliphezulu ezolimo nokhenketho lommandla, ngalo ndlela lube luvula utyalo-mali lwecandelo elizimeleyo kumacandelo olimo, ushishino lolimo nokhenketho lommandla.
INgxowa-mali yokubanokuKhuphisana - Injongo yalo msindleko kukuvumela iinkampani ukuba zibe nokufikelela kulwazi ngobuchwephesha, iinkqubo zokuvelisa neemarike ukuze ziphucule izinga lazo lokukhuphisana. Uya kuqinisekisa ukuba iinkampani zinolwazi ngobuchwephesha obutsha, zifikelele kubo ze zibamkele ukuze kuphucuke ukuvelisa nokuba zifikelele ngcono kwiimarike.
INgxowa-mali yokuHlangana kwecandelo - INgxowa-mali yokuHlangana kwecandelo inika uncedo lwezimali kwiintlangano ezinemizi mveliso/amaqumrhu amahlanu okanye ngaphezulu kumashishini okuvelisa, okusebenza iimveliso zolimi okanye awe-ITC ukuze achaze okanye asebenze iiprojekthi zokuhlangana ezinxulumene nokuvelisa nokuthengisa eziya kukhulisa ukukhuphisana namazwe-ngamazwe.
UHlelo lokuXhasa izaKhono - UHlelo lokuXhasa izaKhono (i-SSP) sisinikelo lwemali esilungiselelwe uphuhliso lwezakhono ngenjongo yokukhuthaza utyalo-mali olukhulu ekuqeqesheni nokudala amathuba okuveliswa kwezakhono ezitsha nezikumgangatho ophezulu.
UHlelo lokuXhasa iiNguqulelo zoShishino - UHlelo lokuXhasa iiNguqulelo zoShishino luhlelo olwenzelwe ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kweemveliso okanye iinkqubo ezinenguqulelo yobuchwephesha eMzantsiAfrika, ezinokukhuphisana nezehlabathi.
UbuChwephesha bemiThombo yoluNtu obenzelwe uHlelo loShishino - UbuChwephesha bemiThombo yoluNtu obenzelwe uHlelo loShishino yinkuthazo apho ushishino norhulumente zithi zibe negalelo lemali kwimizamo yophando olwenziwa zizifundiswa ezihlangeneyo, ngakumbi kummandla wokuqeqeshwa kwabafundi.
INgxowa-mali yengQiniseko yokuKhutshelwa kobuChwephesha - Injongo yale ngxowa-mali kukuvumela ukufikelela kubuchwephesha balapha nobamazwe-ngamazwe ngokwazisa ingxowa-mali yengqiniseko yokukhutshelwa kobuchwephesha ukulungelelanisa ufikelelo lwee-SMME kubuchwephesha balapha nobamazwe-ngamazwe, njengoko kufunwa ziinjongo ze-GEAR ukulungelelanisa ukufikelela kwemizi mveliso kubuchwephesha obudingekayo.
INgxowa-mali yeNgqiniseko yokuKhutshelwa kobuChwephesha - Injongo yale ngxowa-mali kukuvumela ukufikelela kubuchwephesha balapha nobamazwe-ngamazwe ngokwazisa ingxowa-mali yengqiniseko yokukhutshelwa kobuchwephesha, ukulungelelanisa ufikelelo lwee-SMME kubuchwephesha balapha nobamazwe-ngamazwe, njengoko kufunwa ziinjongo ze-GEAR ukulungelelanisa ukufikelela kwemizi mveliso kubuchwephesha obudingekayo.
Ulungiselelo loNcedo lweNtengiso yokuThunyelwa ngaPhandle noTyalo-mali - Injongo yoncedo phantsi komsindleko woLungiselelo loNcedo lweNtengiso yokuThunyelwa ngaPhandle noTyalo-mali (i- EMIA) kukuvuza ngokungaphelelanga abathumeli-mpahla ngaphandle kwiindleko ezithile ezibekho ngenxa yemisebenzi ejoliswe ekuphuhliseni iimarike zothunyelo-mpahla ngaphandle kulungiselelwa iimveliso neenkonzo zoMzantsi Afrika nokuququzelela utyalo-mali lwangaphandle olutsha noluya kungena ngqo eMzantsiAfrika.
IsaPhulelo seempahla zokuVeliswa - Injongo yalo msindleko kukunciphisa inani lamaqonga ezithuthi nemifuziselo edityaniswe apha ngaphakathi ngokuhlangene notyalo-mali oluphakamileyo neempahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinomthwalo wangaphakathi owongezekileyo. Lo msindleko uya kwenza ukuba umthengi alondoloze imali ngokusebenzisa isiqiniselo sembuyekezo ukulungisa iintlawulo zokungenisa iimpahla kungeniso lwezithuthi ezakhiweyo.
IiNdawo zoPhuhliso loShishino - IiNdawo zoPhuhliso loShishino (ii-IDZ) yimihlaba yoshishino enemveliso engenarhafu kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, ineendlela zothutho, amancedo, neenkonzo ezilungiselelwe amashishini axhomekeke ekuthumeleni iimpahla ngaphandle. Ngokweempawu, ziya kufumaneka ngakumachweba okanye izikhululo zeenqwelo moya ukunceda ekufikeleleni ngokukhawuleza kwiimarike zaphesheya kweelwandle.
Zintoni amaLungelo abaThengi?
Ngokuyalelwa ngumthetho, imali engama-R35 kufuneka ihanjiswe nesicelo solwazi.
Igosa lolwazi lwe-dti lwamkela ze luqinisekise isicelo ukuze libone ukuba ngaba luyafumaneka na olu lwazi lucelwayo kwi-dti. Isicelo sithi ke samkelwe, saliwe okanye sidluliselwe kubantu abagcina olu lwazi lufunekayo. Ukuvuma ulwamkelo kuthi kudluliselwe kumceli ukuqinisekisa ubume besicelo.
Ukuba isicelo samkelwe, i-dti iya kuluqokelela ze ilulungise olu lwazi, ibale iindleko ezibandakanyekayo. Iindleko zibalwa ngokwakumhlathi 7.6.
Nje ukuba intlawulo ixelwe kwinyathelo 4 yamkelwe (kulandelwa la nkqubo inye yokuhlawula ixelwe kwinyathelo 1), ulwazi lukhululelwa kumceli.
Ubhalo okanye iimbalo zesicelo.
Ukuzazisa kowenza isicelo.
Didi luni lofikelelo oludingekayo, ukuba isicelo samkelwe.
Owenza isicelo makaveze ukuba ufuna olu lwazi ukuze aqhube okanye akhusele ilungelo, aze aveze ngokucacileyo ukuba lilungelo elinjani na elo liza kuqhutywa okanye likhuselwe. Okunye ke, owenza isicelo makatsho ukuba kungani na ukuba obu bungqina bufuneke ukuze aqhube okanye akhusele elo lungelo.
Eli ziko liya kusilungisa esi sicelo kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-30, ngaphandle kokuba owenza isicelo abe ubeke izizathu ezikhethekileyo, eziya kwanelisa igosa lolwazi, zokuba iimeko zinyanzelisa ukuba la maxesha angasentla angananzwa. Eli xesha leentsuku ezingama-30 apho eli ziko kufuneka lenze isigqibo sokuba lisivume okanye lisale isicelo linokwandiselwa kwixesha elongeziweyo elingadlulanga kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ukuba isicelo sesolwazi oluninzi, okanye isicelo sidinga ukwenziwa kophando lolwazi olugcinwe kwenye i-ofisi yeli ziko lube olo lwazi lungenakufumaneka kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-30. Eli ziko liya kumazisa ngokumbhalela owenza isicelo, nje ukuba kufuneke ukwandiswa kwexesha.
Ukuba isicelo senzelwa omnye umntu, owenza isicelo ke makangenise ubungqina besikhundla akuso ekwenzeni esi sicelo, bungqina obo obuya kwanelisa igosa lolwazi.
Ukuba ubani akakwazi ukugcwalisa le fomu isetyenziswayo ngenxa yokungakwazi ukubhala okanye yokukhubazeka, lo mntu angasenza ngomlomo isecelo. Lo wenza isicelo makahlawule imali emiselweyo, phambi kokuba nakuphi na ukulungiswa kwesicelo kwenziwe.
Umrhumo wesicelo, oya kuba yintlawulo emiselweyo; nentlawulo yokufikelela, ekufuneka ibalwe ngokuthathela ingqalelo iindleko zokufanekisela kwakhona, iindleko zexesha lokuphanda nokulungisa, kunye neendleko zokuposa.
Ukufunyanwa kwesicelo liGosa lolwazi, elo gosa liya kuthi ngesibhengezo licele owenza isicelo, ngaphandle komceli ozicelelayo, ukuba ahlawule intlawulo emiselwe isicelo (ukuba ikho), phambi kokulungiswa kwesicelo.
Ukuba kwenziwe uphando lolo bhalo nokulungiswa kobhalo ukuba luveliswe kuquka ulungiselelo lokuba lufumaneke ngale ndlela lucelwe ngayo, ludinga ngaphezulu kweeyure ezimiselwe le njongo emithethweni, igosa lolwazi liya kwazisa owenza isicelo ukuba ahlawule njengesibambiso inxalenye emiselweyo yentlawulo yokufikelela, eya kuhlawulwa ukuba isicelo samkelwe.
Igosa lolwazi liya kubamba ubhalo de owenza isicelo ahlawule iimali eziboniswe kwisiHlomelo 2.
Umntu osicelo sakhe sokufumana ulwazi olugciniweyo sivunyiweyo kufuneka enze intlawulo yokufikelela ngokufanekiswa kwakhona nokuphanda nokulungisa olo lwazi ukuba luveliswe, kuquka nokwenza ulungiselelo lokuba lufumaneke ngale ndlela kucelwe ngayo.
Ukuba idiphozithi seyihlawulelwe isicelo sokufikelela esaliweyo, elo gosa lolwazi ngoko malibuyisele intlawulo kowenza isicelo.
Ukukhangela nokulungisa uxwebhu/irekhodi ukuba liveliswe, R15,00 ngeyure nganye okanye inxalenye yeyure, kungabalwanga iyure yokuqala, efunekayo ukuze kwenziwe olo phando nolungiselelo.
Uposo luhlawulelwa xa kufuneka ikopi yoxwebhu/irekhodi iposelwe kowenza isicelo. Iindleko zeposi zixhomekeka kwintlawulo efanelekileyo ngokwendawo ekuposelwa kuyo.
Ulwazi olunikwe ngulo mntu kwiziko njengemfihlo, ukuba ukuvezwa kwalo kungamoshela lo mntu kuthethathethwano okanye kukhuphiswano lorhwebo.
Ulwazi lwezimali, urhwebo, ubunzulu okanye ubuchwephesha okunokuthi ukuvezwa kalo kudale umonakalo kwimidla yemali okanye urhwebo yeli ziko.
Ulwazi olunokuthi, ukvezwa kwalo kumoshele eli ziko kuthethathethwano okanye kukhuphiswano lorhwebo.
Uhlelo lwekhompyutha olulolweli ziko, nolukhuselwe lilungelo lokhutshelo.
Ulwazi lophando lweziko okanye omnye umntu, ukuba ukuvezwa kwalo kuya kuveza iziko, umphandi okanye ubuthumbu bophando yaye kuya kubeka olo phando kwimeko engathandekiyo kakhulu.
Izicelo zolwazi eziyindlalo okanye ezicaphukisayo, okanye ezibandakanya ukuphambuka kwemithombo okungenangqiqo ziya kwaliwa.
Ngokwala isicelo sokufikelela; okanye sithathwe ngokwecandelo 22, 26 okanye 29 ngokunxulumene nalowo wenza isicelo nogunyaziwe ofanelekileyo.
Umntu ongomnye angafaka isibheno sangaphakathi ngokuchasene nesigqibo segosa lolwazi lequmrhu loluntu elikhankanywe kumhlathi (a) wenkcazelo "yequmrhu loluntu" kwiCandelo 1 ukuba kwamkelwe isicelo sokufikelela.
Indlela yokubhena, nemirhumo yokubhena.
Masibonise umba wesibheno yaye sichaze isizathu sesi sibheno sangaphakathi, kanti singafaka naluphi na ulwazi olufanelekileyo olwaziwa ngobhenayo.
Ukuba, ngaphandle kwempendulo ebhaliweyo, owenza isibheno unqwenela ukwaziswa ngesigqibo kwisibheno sangaphakathi nangayiphi na indlela, makayixele lo ndlela aze anike iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ukuze aziswe.
Ukuba iyasenbenza, masihanjiswe nentlawulo emiselweyo yokubhena, yaye sinike idilesi yeposi okanye inombolo yefeksi.
Ukuba isibheno sifakwe sekudlule eli xesha lixeliweyo, igunya elifanelekileyo kufunela, emva kokuboniswa kwesizathu esivakalayo, livumele ukungeniswa kwesibheno emva kwexesha.
Ukuba elo gunya lifanelekileyo alikuvumi ukungeniswa kwesibheno emva kwexesha, malinike isaziso seso sigqibo kulo mntu ubefake isibheno.
Umceli ofaka isibheno ngokuchasene nokwaliwa kwesicelo sakhe sokufikelela makahlawule umrhumo omiselweyo (ukuba ukho).
Ukuba umrhumo omiselweyo wesibheno uhlawulelwa isibheno, isigqibo ngesibheno sinokurhoxiswa ude umrhumo uhlawulwe.
Yaye ukuba isibheno sichasene nokwaliwa okanye ukuvunywa kwesicelo sokufikelela; igama, idilesi yeposi, inombolo yemfonomfono neyefeksi okanye idilesi ye-imeyile, leyo ifumanekayo, yakhe namphi na omnye umntu ekufuneka azisiwe ngesicelo, mayinikwe.
Ikomishoni yamaLungelo oluNtu eMzantsiAfrika, ngomhla wokugqitywa kwalo mqulu, ibingekasigqibi isikhokelo esikhankanywe kwiCandelo 10 lomThetho. Esi sikhokelo siya kuba nolwazi olunokuthi lufunwe ngumntu onqwenela ukusebenzisa naliphi na ilungelo elikhankanyiweyo emThethweni.
Icandelo 10 liye lasebenza ngomhla we-15 Febhuwari 2002 ngokomThetho 187. NgokweCandelo 10 le PAIA, I-SAHRC inikwe iinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo ukuba iqulunqe esi siKhokelo ukususela ngalo mhla ithe yasebenza ngawo. Esi siKhokelo siya kufumaneka kungadlulanga u-Agasti 2003.
I-dti isebenzisana nababandakanyekayo kuqulunqo lomGaqo woRhwebo noShishino kwiintlanganiso ezimiselweyo, upapasho, neentlangano zocweyo ezibizwa ngokusebenzisana namaqumrhu asemthethweni afana noPhuhliso loQoqosho lwesiZwe kunye neBhunga lezemiSebenzi (NEDLAC), IKomiti yoGcinoncwadi yoRhwebo noShishino, iQumrhu leenTlawulo noRhwebo, iKomiti yemiSebenzi yoShishino neeNdaba zabaThengi, njalonjalo. Ngexesha lokukunxulumana, ababandakanyekayo bathatha inxaxheba, bafumana ingcaciso ze baphembelele imigaqo neentlelo ezilawulwa yi-dti.
Ababandakanyekayo abajoliselwe ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngexesha lezi ntlanganiso baquka amaqela asekuhlaleni awohlukeneyo afana noshishino, abasebenzi, ii-arhente namasebe karhulumente, namaqumrhu entlalo.
Ukuhamba kakuhle kokusebenzisana nababandakanyekayo kuvavanywa kanye ngomnyaka ngohlolo lwababandakanyeki, kwanangomgangatho ophucukileyo wokuba nefuthe lwezinto ezifumaneka kwi-dti, osisiphumo sokusebenzisana nababandakanyekayo.
IsiCelo samkelwe ngu-: (xela isikhundla, igama nefani legosa lolwazi/isekela-gosa lolwazi) ngo- (umhla) e- (indawo).
Umrhumo wesicelo (ukuba ukho): R...
Idiphozithi (ukuba ikho): R...
Umrhumo wokufikelela: R...
B. Iinkcukacha zomntu ocela ukufikelela kuxwebhu a Iinkcukacha zomntu ocela ukufikelela kuxwebhu mazinikwe apha ngasezantsi.
b Idilesi ne-/okanye inombolo yefeksi ekwiRiphabhlikhi apho olu lwazi kuza kufuneka luthunyelwe khona mayinikwe c Ubungqina besikhundla esenziwa kuso isicelo, ukuba kuyimfuneko, mabufakwe.
Isikhundla esenziwa kuso isicelo:...
D. Iinkcukacha zoxwebhu a Nika iinkcukacha ezigcweleyo zoxwebhu ekucelwa ukufikelelwa kulo, kuquka inombolo yokukhangela, ukuba uyayazi, ukwenzela ukuba ixwebhu lifumaneke.
b Ukuba esi sithuba sinikiweyo asanelanga, nceda uqhubekeke kwiphepha elahlukileyo, uze uliqhoboshele kule fomu. Owenza isicelo makasayine onke amaphepha awongezelelweyo.
Inkcazo yoxwebhu/irekhodi okanye inxalenye yalo ethathiweyo:...
Inombolo yokukhangela, ukuba iyafumaneka:...
Nazo naziphi na iinkcukacha zexwebhu/irekhodi:...
E. Imirhumo a Isicelo sokufikelela kuxwebhu/irekhodi, elingeloxwebhu liqulethe ulwazi lomntu othile malunga nezinto ezikhoyo, sliya kulungiswa kuphela emva kokuba umrhumo wesicelo uhlawulwe.
b Uya kwaziswa ngobungakanani bemali ekufuneka uyihlawule njengomrhumo wesicelo.
c Umrhumo ohlawulelwa ukufikelela kwixwebhu/irekhodi uxhomekeka kwindlela olucelwengayo ufikelelo nexhesha elidingekayo ukukhangela nokulungisa elo xwebhu.
d Ukuba ufanele ukuba ungahlawuli nawuphi na umrhumo, nceda unike isizathu solo dyamalelo.
Ukuba akukwazi kufunda ngenxa yokukhubazeka, buka okanye umamele irekhodi ngendlela yokufikelela enikwe ku-1 no-4 apha ngasezantsi, xela ubume bokukhubazeka kwakho uze uveze ukuba irekhodi lifuneka ngayiphi na indlela.
a Ukuhambisana nesicelo sakho sokufikelela ngale ndlela ixeliweyo kungaxhomekeka kwindlela olifumaneka ngaoi uxwebhu/irekhodi b Ukufikelela ngale ndlela kucelwe ngayo kungaliwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Kwimeko enjalo, uya kwaziswa ukuba isicelo siya kunikezelwa ngenye indlela.
c Umrhumo ohlawulelwa ukufikelela kuxwebhu/irekhodi, ukuba ukho, uya kuxhomekeka ngenxenye kwimo ekucelwa ngayo ukufikelela.
Oku kuquka iifoto, izilayidi, ushicilelo lwevidiyo, imifanekiso eqinisekiswe ngekhompyutha, imizobo, njalo-njalo.
Ukuba ubucele ikopi okanye isikhutshelo soxwebhu/irekhodi (kula angasentla), ngaba unqwenela ukuba le kopi okanye isikhutshelo siposelwe kuwe?
Qaphela, ukuba uxwebhu/irekhodi alifumaneki ngolwimi oluthandayo, ukufikelela kunganikezelwa ngolo lwimi lifumaneka ngalo.
Ungathanda ukuba uxwebhu/irekhodi libe ngoluphi ulwimi?
Uya kwaziswa ngembalelwano ukuba isicelo sakho samkelwe/salelwe na. Ukuba unqwenela ukwaziswa ngenye indlela, nceda uxele lo ndlela uze unike iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ukuze kwenziwe njengoko ucelile.
Ungakhetha ukwaziswa njani isigqibo malunga nesicelo sakho sokufikelela kwirekhodi?
B. Iinkcukacha zowenza isicelo/omnye umntu ofaka isibheno sangaphakathi a Iinkcukacha zalo mntu ufaka isibheno sangaphakathi mazinikwe apha ngasezantsi.
b Ubungqina besikhundla esifakwa ngaso isibheno, ukuba buyafuneka, mabuqhotyoshelwe.
c Ukuba obhenayo ngomnye umntu, ongenguye lo mntu obecele ulwazi ngaphambili, iinkcukacha zomceli mazinikwe ku-c apha ngaphantsi.
Isikhundla esenziwa ngaso isicelo:...
Eli candelo maligcwaliswe KUPHELA ukuba omnye umntu (ongenguye ofake isicelo) ufaka isibheno sangaphakathi.
Isigqibo ngokweCandelo 29 lomThetho wokwalela ukufikelela ngale ndlela kucelwe ngayo ngocelayo.
Ukuba esi sithuba sinikiweyo asanelanga, nceda uqhubekeke kwiphepha elilelinye uze uliqhoboshele kule fomu. Kufuneka usayine onke amaphepha awongezelelweyo.
Uya kwaziswa ngembalelwano ukuba isicelo sakho samkelwe/salelwe na. Ukuba unqwenela ukwaziswa ngenye indlela, nceda uxele loo ndlela uze unike iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ukuze kwenziwe njengoko ucelile.
Isibheno sifunyenwe ngo- (umhla) ngu- ... (xela isikhundla, igama nefani yegosa lolwazi/isekela gosa lolwazi.
Isibheno sikhatshwa zizizathu zesigqibo segosa lolwazi/isekela gosa lolwazi yaye, apho kufunekayo, iinkcukacha zakhe namphi na umntu ongomye obunxulumene naye ubungqina, sifakwa ligosa lolwazi/ isekela gosa lolwazi nge (umhla) kwigunya elifanelekileyo.
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Ubugcini buchatshazelwe njani na yimo yezemveli?
Le nto ithetha ukuba xa umyeni emkhuphele ilobola umfazi wakhe, yena nosapho lwakhe bazuza amalungelo apheleleyo.
Ukuba ngumgqakhwe / umntwana wesisu yinto engaziwayo phantsi komThetho wesiNtu, kuba kaloku umntwana uya kusoloko enendawo, nokuba kukwikulonina le nto isekwe kwintetho ethi "umntwana wesisu (oko kutsho waphambi komtshato) ngowakulonina" okanye ngowecala lakuloyise okanye kwicala lakulomama womyeni, loo nto isekwe kwintetho ethi "imazi ithathwa kunye namathole ayo".
Kuyafuneka lucaciswe uhlobo lomtshato umfazi angena kuwo.
Abantwana abazelwe emtshatweni: Ngabomyeni wakhe nosapho lwakhe nokuba ngoobani na ooyise ababazalayo.
Kulindeleke ukuba umama womyeni abamkele abantwana abanjalo njengabakhe kwaye enze zonke iimfanelo zobuzali emntwaneni.
Phantsi kwesiko lokuNgena, lo mtshato uyaqhubeka phakathi komhlolokazi nendoda engena endaweni yomyeni obhubhileyo.
Umhlolokazi nabantwana bakhe baphantsi kogcino nohlolo lwendoda elandela umyeni obhubhileyo. Umngeni idla ngokuba yenye indoda yosapho lwalo myeni obhubhileyo.
Abantwana abazelwe ngumhlolokazi nendoda engumngeni bathathwa njengenzala yomyeni ongasekhoyo.
Nakwiindawo apho isiko lokungena selaphelelwa, ukuba umhlolokazi uye wazala abantwana, nokuba uyise wabo ngubani na, abo bantwana bathathwa njengabomyeni wakhe ongasekhoyo kwaye ngamalungu osapho lwakulondoda.
Imithetho yesintu emininzi ayimvumeli umfazi ukuba atshate kwakhona ngexesha esahleli nabantu bakulomyeni.
Xa ephinde watshata, nabaphi na abantwana abazelwe ngumfazi oqhuwule umtshato, umyeni wesibini ngutata wabo, umntwana waba balingane ke ngoko ngowosapho lwakulomyeni wesibini. Umyeni wesibini ngumgcini wabo wabantwana.
Kumtshato wakhe wesibini, umfazi oqhawule umtshato angamenywa ngumyeni wakhe wesibini ukuba eze nabantwana bakhe emtshatweni (oko kutsho abantwana abazelwe ngexesha esahlala notata wakhe emva kokuba ebuyele ekhaya emva komtshato wokuqala), kwiimeko apho umyeni ayithatha inkosikazi namathole ayo.
Amagatya ecandelo 11 (b) omThetho woLawulo lwabaMnyama (Black Administration Act) aya kuyilawula imeko - umfazi uya kuhlala engumntwana ukuze umyeni wakhe abe ngumgcini wakhe. Iziphumo zeli candelo ziya kuma ngolu hlobo : Abasetyhini abamnyama abangatshatanga baya kuba ziintloko, abasetyhini abamnyama abatshatwe ngokwamalungelo abemi baya kuba ziintloko, kodwa bonke abasetyhini abangaphantsi kwamashumi amabini ananye okanye abatshatwe ngokwesiko lesintu baya kuhlala bengabantwana.
Eli candelo ke ngoko likhuthaza ucalulo lwabasetyhini olusekwe kwezesini okanye isini, ngoko ke liyangquzulana noMgaqo-siseko.
Umyeni uthathwa njengoyise waba bantwana kwaye akanakubakhanyela. Ngenxa yeemeko abakhawulwe nabazelwe phantsi kwazo akululanga ukubohlula kwabomtshato.
Umyeni ungumgcini, unyanzelekile ukuba abamkele njengabakhe bomtshato aba bantwana. Bangamalungu osapho lwakhe. Ootata begazi baba bantwana abanabango kubo.
UmThetho wesiNtu ngale ndlela uhambelana necandelo 8 loMgaqo-siseko kwaye awukhethi bantwana ngokwemvelaphi nokuzalwa.
Aba bantwana ngabecala lakulonina.
Ukuba umama wabo uyatshata, yena nomyeni wakhe babangabagcini baba bantwana. Umyeni ufumana igunya lokuba ngumzali kwaba bantwana phantsi kwentetho ethi: "Inkomo ithathwa namathole ayo" Akusayi kubakho msantsa phakathi kwaba bantwana nabantwana bomtshato. Ngoko ke kwakhona akukho mkhethe phakathi kwabantwana njengoko oko kunqandwa ngumThetho woMgaqo-siseko.
Kuqhawulo-mtshato abantwana badla ngokusala nosapho lwakulotata.
Xa umama elushiya usapho lwakulomyeni, akahambi nabantwana.
Ukuba ufuna ukucela umngeni kule meko, ke yena nomgcini wakhe kufuneka bathathe inyathelo lokuchasa umyeni wakhe elithi akakulungelanga kwaye engakufanelanga ukuba awongwe ngokuba ngumgcini wabantwana. Le nto ithetha ukuba kusoloko kukhethwa umyeni nosapho lwakhe njengabagcini kuqhawulo-mtshato. Banelungelo elilifa lokuba babe ngabagcini babantwana.
Amanye amaxesha apho abantwana bashiywa kunina kuxa besancanca (ebeleni). Ngumzekelo omnye lo apho ukulungelwa kwabantwana kuza phambi kwamalungelo alilifa katata lokuba nguye umgcini wabantwana.
Iinkundla zesintu ke ngoko zinike utata ilungelo lemvelo lokuba ngumgcini wabantwana kuqhawulo-mtshato kwaye ke iya kuba luxanduva lwaloo mntu okuchasayo oku ukuba abonise ukuba ayisayi kubalungela abantwana into yokuba utata abe ngumgcini. (kufuneka ubungqina).
Abantwana abancinci abasancancayo baya kunikwa umama, phantsi komqathango wokuba xa bebadala baya kubuyiselwa kutata. Abantwana bona ngokwabo abanalo ilungelo lokukhetha umzali abafuna ukuhlala naye.
Abantwana bavalwe imilomo xa kusiziwa kumalungelo abo kwaye banyanzeliswa ngezigqibo zokuba yintoni na ebafaneleyo.
UmThetho wesiNtu, ke ngoko unamagatya ahambelana noMgaqo-siseko nokwamkelwa komThetho wemiTshato yesiNtu. Amanye amagatya phofu ayaphikisana namagatya oMgaqo-siseko kwaye ukungahambi ngokomgaqo-siseko kusagquba. Kufuneka kucelwe umngeni ngala magatya enkundleni. Esona sizathu sisisiseko kukuba icandelo 11 (b) libhangisiwe, ke naluphi na uhlobo lokungalingani ngewonga phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi akusayi kuqhubeka njengoko kungenasiseko.
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Ukuzimisela koMzantsi Afrika kwilungelo lokufikelela kulwazi kunika isidima ukunyanzeleka ngoko mgaqo-siseko ukuba libe yimpumelelo ilungelo elingundoqo lokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe nguMbuso okanye ulwazi olugcinwe kumacandelo abucala.
Lo mThetho linyathelo lophuhliso xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ilifa lemfihlelo esalifumana kwishumi leminyaka yolawulo lwegcuntswana olungekho mthethweni. NgaLo mThetho, sizisa ukukhanya ukuze siphelise iimfihlelo nokuvalwa kwemilomo okuzimpawu zeminyaka elishumi yolawulo nempatho yobandlululo.
UmThetho woKhuthazo Lokufikelela kuLwazi. No.2 wama- 2000, uzisa ilungelo lomgaqo-siseko lokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe ngumbuso namaqumrhu abucala, njengenye yeenjongo zawo ezingundoqo.
Eli lungelo liya kunceda ukukhuthaza ukungafihlisi nokubanokuphendula kwanolawulo olunentsingiselo kumaqumrhu kawonke-wonke nawabucala. Ngokubhekiselele neli lungelo, liya kwenza ukuba abantu bethu bathathe inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo baze benze izigqibo ezinentsingiselo ekumiseni ngendlela isizwe sethu malunga nolwazi.
Kwakhona, lakhela phezu kwesiseko sethu sokuba kukhuthazwe uluntu ngokunentsingiselo, ngokuthi abantu baseMzantsi Afrika babenofikelelo olunefuthe kulwazi, ukwenzela ukuba bebenakho ukusebenzisa bakhusele ngokungaphezulu onke amalungelo abo ngokupheleleyo.
Igunya elinikwe urhulumente wethu ngabantu beli lizwe, libe kukuba kwenziwe iinguqu eziya kuphucula ubunjani bobomi kubantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Lo mThetho uya kongezelela ngokunentsingiselo kwisiseko esiluqilima esakhele kuso kumsebenzi wethu wolawulo olufanelekileyo nenokuba nokuphendula.
Umsebenzi ongundoqo womThetho woFikelelo kuLwazi wama-2000, owathi wabhengezwa ngoMatshi wama-2001 kukudala uluntu apho abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bathi babenendlela yokufikelela kwilungelo lolwazi. Lo msebenzi mtsha kuwiso-mThetho, wenza ukuba wonke ubani ongummi eMzantsi Afrika angasebenzisi amalungelo akhe nje kuphela, koko akhusele ngokukhulu onke amalungelo amiselweyo kumgaqo-siseko. UmThetho woKhuthazo lokuFikelela kuLwazi, sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuzinzisweni kwemimiselo equlathwe nguMqulu wamalungelo oluntu njengoko kumiselweyo kuMgaqo-siseko.
Idemokrasi yethu yaseMzantsi Afrika izinziswe kwiintsika zenkululeko, ulingano kwanokuhlonela isidima soluntu. Lo mThetho mtsha yinxalenye ebalulekileyo phakathi kwinkqubo yenguqu, njengoko iqinisa iziseko ezibekwe ngaphakathi kuMqulu wamalungelo oluntu.
Isithethe kulawulo lobandlululo yayikukuba imisebenzi karhulumente kwanolawulo lwayo igutyungelwe ngokufihlakeleyo nangokuvala umlomo, kufihlwa izenzo zorhwaphilizo nezingekho mthethweni. Kunyulo lwedemokhrasi ngowe-1994, siye saqalisa endleleni entsha exabise indlela yokungafihlisi nenokuba nokuphendula.
Lo mThetho woKhuthazo wokuFikelela kuLwazi, uzisa kuwonke-wonke waseMzantsi Afrika indlela yokuba abenakho ukufikelela kulwazi lombuso kwanakumaziko abucala.
Lo mThetho mtsha wandisa iimfuno yokuba onke amaziko enze okusemthethweni kwaye abe nokuziphendula kuwo onke amanyathelo athe awathabatha. Lo mThetho mtsha uye wabhengezwa njengelinye inyathelo lokudala ubomi obungcono ngokunikezela iindlela kubemi abangabemi nje-e, ukuba bafikelele kulwazi, nto ke leyo engabangela ukuba amaziko kawonke-wonke nawabucala abe nokuphendula ngenxa yamanyathelo awo.
UmGaqo-siseko uqinisekisa kuye wonke ubani unelungelo lemfundo esisiseko negqithela phambili. Uxanduva olungundoqo kwanokusebenza kweSebe lezeMfundo kufuneka luqinisekise ukuzalisekiswa kweli lungelo. Kwimizamo yokuba sifikelele kweli lungelo, iSebe lizimisele ukuqinisekisa ukuba oovimba namathuba baya fumaneka kubo bonke abangabafundi ngenjongo yokulungelelanisa ukungalingani kwamandulo nemigaqo-nkqubo nenkqubo ezilungele abathile , amaqela noluntu, olwaluvinjiwe la mathuba ngexa elidlulileyo. Ekusukeleni le njongo iSebe liqulunqe amaqumrhu olawulo neendlela zokwenza ukuze liphumeze uxanduva lwayo lomgaqo-siseko, kwaye lincede ekuziseni uthatho-nxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kulawulo lwemfundo ngabemi bePhondo loMntla Koloni. La maqumrhu ajolise ekusetyenzisweni koovimba okuyimpumelelo, ulawulo lwezimali olulungileyo, ulawulo lwabasebenzi kwanocwangcwiso olunempumelelo.
Kuyabonakala ukuba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi neendima eziyinxalenye yeSebe, makubekho iqumrhu eliququzelela oko nelinefuthe elivakalayo. Unikezelo lwemisebenzi kwizithili ezine zeSebe lujolise ekwandiseni ukufikelela kwinkonzo ezinikezelwa liSebe. Iqumrhu elipheleleyo loququzelelo elibonisa inani leeyunithi ezinxibelelanayo, imisebenzi eliyinikiweyo kwakunye nezikhundla zemisebenzi, lifakelwe njenge-Sihlomelo A.
Ngokubhekiselele kumThetho woKhuthazo wokufikelela kuLwazi, iGosa loLwazi kulawulo lwePhondo lasemNtla Koloni labelwe ukuba liqinisekise ukwenzeka kwenkqubo yokufikelela kulwazi kwiingxelo ezibhaliweyo. Ngaphezulu, iGosa loLwazi lonyule iiNtloko zamaSebe ePhondo, kuquka iNtloko yeSebe lezeMfundo njengoSekela-Gosa loLwazi, ukumncedisa kumsebenziwakhe.
Ngokubhekiselele kumThetho woKhuthazo wokufikelela kuLwazi, nabani na unelungelo lokwenza isicelo sokufikelela kulwazi nakwiingxelo ezibhaliweyo eziselugcinweni lombuso okanye iQumrhu likaWonke-wonke. Ukuze ukwazi ukufikelela kwingxelo ebhaliweyo, ubani kufuneka azalise ifomu yokucela ukufikelela kulwazi. Le fomu ihlonyelwe njengesiHlomelo E. Le fomu kufuneka igqithiselwe kuSekela-Gosa LoLwazi kwezi nkcukacha zedilesi zingentla apha.
Usekela -Gosa loLwazi uya kuqinisekisa okokuba ubani lowo ufake isicelo nguye yena siqu, okanye akunjalo, oko kukuthi ingaba olu lwazi lubhekiselele kuloo mntu yedwa owenza isicelo, okanye akunjalo. Oku kwenziwa khon' ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba kukho intlawulo ekhutshwayo. Ukuba ulwazi olo alunxulumananga nalowo ufake isicelo sokufikelela kulwazi, intlawulo engama- R35.00, iya kuhlawulwa phambi kokuba iqhubeke le nkqubo. Ngoko ke, isicelo asiyi kuqwalaselwa kude kuhlawulwe intlawulo yokuqala.
Yakuba ihlawulwe intlawulo, uSekela-Gosa loLwazi uya kuyalela abasebenzi abafanele oko bakhuphe iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezichaphazelekayo.
Xa ingxelo ebhaliweyo sele ikhutshiwe, uSekela-Gosa loLwazi uya kuphonononga ezoo ngxelo okanye amaxwebhu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba azingawo lawo aphantsi komThetho woKhuseleko.
Ukuba ufikelelo luyavunywa, lowo ufake isicelo okanye ocelayo yena buqu, uya kuxelelwa ngeendleko emazihlawulwe ukuze iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ziphinde zenziwe zifumaneke.
Xa sele ihlawuliwe intlawulo efanelekileyo, ingxelo okanye inxalenye yayo ekuvunyelwene ngayo ukuba ifumaneke , kuya kwenziwa ikopi zayo, ize inikezelwe kumntu lowo owenze isicelo sokufikelelwa kulwazi.
Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba ufikelelo kwingxelo ezibhaliweyo lungavumeleki, umntu lowo othe wenza isicelo sokufikelela kulwazi, uya kwaziswa ngalo mba, axelelwe nezizathu zokuba kwaliwe kwakunye nokuba acetyiswe ngeenndlela anokuthi ahambe ngazo xa engakwamkeli oko.
Iingxelo ezibhaliweyo kwiSebe lezeMfundo zingahlulwa ngokukhulu zibe zintloko ezizingxelo zembalelwano kwanazo zonke iingxelo ezibhaliweyo (ezinye ingxelo ezibhaliweyo).
Iingxelo zembalelwano zilawulwa ziphathwe ngokubhekiselele kwindlela ezintathu zeenkqubo zokuFAYILISHA ezivunyiweyo ukuba zisetyenziswe kwisebe ngamaziko agcina iingxelo ezibhaliweyo zama Phondo. Zonke iingxelo zembalelwano ezingqamene nemicimbi yabasebenzi, ziphethwe ngokwenkqubo yokuFAYILISHA eqingqiweyo yemicimbi yabasebenzi ukuze zonke ezinye iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezinxulumene nemisebenzi eyinkxaso zilawulwe yinkqubo yokuFAYILISHA eqingqiweyo yemisebenzi exhasayo. Zonke iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezinxulumene neeyunithi zesebe (ngaphandle kolawulo nezezimali) ziphethwe ngokwenkqubo yokuFAYILISHA eqingqiweyo yemisebenzi engundoqo. Ezi nkqubo zokuFAYILISHA zintathu zifanayo zigunyazisiwe kumasebe onke kulawulo lwePhondo lwasemNtla Koloni (NCPA) IIFAYILE ezizodwa nezivulwe ngokubhekiselele kwezi nkqubo zintathu ziya kubonokaliswa kwiregista yeeFAYILE ezivuliweyo.
Ezinye iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ziphethwe ngokubhekiselele kwishedyuli yokulawula iingxelo ezibhaliweyo zePhondo ezingekaphunyezwa yingcali yolondolozo lwamaxwebhu.
ISebe loLawulo lwezeMfundo linelayo inkqubo yokuFAYILISHA evunyiweyo enokusetyenziswa ngawayo amacandelo esebe.
L1.1.1 Iziyobisi ezingavumelekanga kumaziko emfundo.
L2.1.1.2 Igunya lokwamkela abanemeko ezizodwa.
Kwinkxaso yolwamkelo, khangela uthotho olungezantsi L2.1.1.
Kwizibonelelo zabongameleyo khangela ku-S10.2.10 kwinkqubo yokuFAYILISHA eqingqiweyo yemicimbi yabaqeshwa.
Kusetyenziso lweziyobisi notywala ngendlela engeyiyo ngokunxulumene nonophelo lwabafundi ngokwasengqondweni, khangela uthotho olungezantsi -3.5.
Kusetyenziso lweziyobisi notywala ngendlela engeyiyo ngokunxulumene nonophelo lwabafundi ngokwasengqondweni, khangela uthotho olungezantsi 3.5.
L4.4.3.1 Umanyano nolondolozo...
L4.8 Uthetha-thethwano kwakunye/uncedo olungaveli kurhulumente.
Kwiimviwo zomlomo/zokwenza khangela uthotho olungezantsi 4.9.2.
Kwiimviwo zokwenza/zomlomo khangela uthotho olungezantsi 4.9.2.
Kwiimviwo zokwenza nezomlomo ezisemgangathweni khangela kuthotho olungezantsi 4.9.2.
Ngamaqumrhu eemviwo angamanye.
Kwingxelo yabagadi xa kubhalwa, jonga kuthotho 4.9.2.15.
L4.10.1 Iprojekthi i- I.C.
Kwigunya elinxulumene nokungabikho ngenxa yemicimbi yezemidlalo, jonga ku-2.1.4.2.
L5.4 Ulawulo lweengxelo ezibhaliweyo nolwamaziko okugcina iingxelo namaxwebhu.
Ulawulo lweshedyuli lunikelwa kuMphathi weengxelo ezibhaliweyo. Akukho zilungiso kunye/okanye zongezelelo emazenziwe kule shedyuli ngaphandle kwemvume yeli gosa.
Zonke izilungiso nezongezelelo mazingeniswe rhoqo kwiNgcali yoLondolozo lwamaxwebhu yePhondo ukuze kuqatshelwe, kunikezelwe imvume negunya lokulahla.
Ikopi equlathe konke yeshedyuli yolawulo lweengxelo ezibhaliweyo IFAYILISHWA kwiqweqwe elilodwa elahlukileyo kwaye lichongwa ngokunjalo kwiqweqwe elingaphandle. Le kopi igcinwa leli gosa likhankanywe ngasentla emaliqinisekise ukuba igcinwe isemgangathweni nokuba imiyalelo ekumqolo 2 iyafezekiswa.
Lakuba linikiwe igunya lokulahla kwizinto/kwimiba ekwishedyuli yolawulo lweengxelo ezibhaliweyo, irejista yotshatyalaliso iyafezekiswa. Le rejista yahlulwa ngokweminyaka, umz. 2002, 2003, 2004, njl. njl. Xa umba uvaliwe, isalathiso sawo masifakelwe phantsi konyaka oya kutshatyalaliswa ngawo. Umba ovalwe ngowama - 2002 nonomyalelelo wokutshatyalaliswa ongu- 03, uya kufakwa phantsi konyaka wama - 2005, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuqaphela ukuba yeyiphi imiba eya lahlwa nangawuphi na unyaka othile. Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe IFAYILE yamaphepha afakwa akhutshwe, njengoko kungakwazeki ukuqingqa inani lamaphepha aya kufuneka kwangaphambili.
Imiba mayitshatyalaliswe rhoqo - kube kanye ngonyaka ubuncinci - apho kuyakungeniswa isiqinisekiso sokutshabalalisa esikhutshiweyo kwiNgcali yolondolozo lwamaxwebhu yePhondo.
Yonke imiba mayichazwe kwiqweqwe elingaphandle ngokusebenzisa inombolo negama njengoko injalo kwishedyuli yolawulo lweengxelo ezibhaliweyo kwanomyalelo wokutshabalalisa oFANELEKILEYO. Inombolo kunye nomyalelo wokutshabalalisa mazibhalwe kwibhuloko eluxande.
A20 - Gqithisela koovimba bolondolozo lwamaxwebhu iminyaka engama - 20 emva kokuphela konyaka ekwakuyilwe ngawo ezo ngxelo.
D - Tshabalalisa (isiqu sentsusa sixela ithuba lokugcina).
D7 - Tshabalalisa emva kweminyaka esi -7 emva kokuvalwa.
AP - Ingahlala elugcinweni lombutho kangangethuba elingaxelwanga. Xa kutshatyalaliswa, umz.
DAU3 - Tshabalalisa emva kweminyaka emithathu emva kokugqitywa kophicotho - zincwadi.
DAU7 - Tshabalalisa emva kweminyaka esixhenxe emva kophicotho- zincwadi.
Iifowuni eziziselula ezisemthethweni 11.
IIREJISTA 1. Utshatyalaliso Icandelo Lembalelwano iirejista zezimali 2.
ZEKHOMPYUTHA nxalenye yenkqubo yolawulo lweengxelo ezibhaliweyo zekhompyutha ezivunyiweyo kwaye azikafakwa kuluhlu ngokusemthethweni.
Zikho ke kwaye zilawulwa kwindawo ezizodwa ekugcinwa kuzo iinkcukacha kwikhompyutha zamagosa aqeshwe liSebe.
Izicwangciso sezikho ukumisa ulawulo olungameleyo olumiselweyo kuzo zonke izicelo zeengxelo ezibhaliweyo zekhompyutha.
Iingxelo zenkqubela zonyaka nezinye khangela ishedyuli yolawulo lweengxelo ezibhaliweyo nerejista yeeFAYILE ezivuliweyo.
Izicwangciso zoBuchule nezemisebenzi.
Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali namaxwebhu anxulumene noko khangela ishedyuli yolawulo lweengxelo ezibhaliweyo nerejista yeeFAYILE ezivuliweyo.
Iingxelo zezimali zonyaka zeSebe.
Zonke iingxelo ezibhaliweyo ezingakhankanywanga ku-1-9 ngasentla zibonakalisiwe kwiRejista yeeFAYILE ezivuliweyo kunye neShedyuli yolawulo lweengxelo ezibhaliweyo. Ukubanokufumaneka kwezizikhankanywe kamva kuxhomekeke ekubeni kufakwe izicelo.
Kuluxanduva oluphambili lweSebe ukunika iinkonzo kuwonke-wonke ngezikolo zalo kunye namalungu ahlukeneyo alo olawulo. Ubume nemisebenzi yelungu ngalinye leSebe ziqukwe njengesihlomelo A kule ncwadana. Ezi nkonzo zinganokufumaneka ngokuqhagamshelana ne-ofisi yoSekela Mlawuli Jikelele. Ukongeza kwiinkonzo ezibonelelwa kwi-Ofisi eyongameleyo, yonke imisebenzi ngaphandle kwaleyo ifumaneka kwii-ofisi zoMphathiswa, eyeSekela Mlawuli-Jikelele kunye noMlawuli oyiNtloko inganokufumaneka kuzo iingingqi zeSebe. Ukuze ezi nkozo zibe nokufumaneka ungaqhagamshelana ne-ofisi yoMphathi Sithili echaphazelekayo.
Uluhlu lwezikolo ezilawulwa liSebe lezeMfundo iqukwe njengesihlomelo B kule ncwadana.
Umgaqo - nkqubo kwimiba yezemfundo necandelo lezabasebenzi luxanduva lwe - ofisi yomPhathiswa. Uthatho-nxaxheba luka wonke-wonke kuqulunqo nolwakhiwo lomgaqo-nkqubo luyakhuthazwa kwaye izimvo neziphakamiso mazibhekiswe kwi-ofisi yomPhathiswa.
Ulwazi olufumaneka lula kuwonke-wonke kungabhenelwanga mThethweni lungacelwa kwi-ofisi yoMlawuli oyiNtloko. Ukuba olo lwazi alufumaneki, ngulowo uzicelayo angaya kwi-ofisi kaSekela Mlawuli-Jikelele. Ukuba ukufumaneka kwezo nkcukacha ziceliweyo akuvunyelwa ngokwemigaqo yomThetho liSekela-Gosa lolwazi, umntu ocele olo lwazi unelungelo lokubhenela kumPhathiswa ngokwenjongo zomThetho oneGunya eliFanelekileyo. Ukuba kuthathwe nasiphi na isigqibo sokufumaneka kolwazi oluchaphazela umntu wesithathu, lowo mntu unelungelo lokufaka isibheno esichasa eso sigqibo, kumPhathiswa.
Ukuba kuye kwafumaneka ukuba isicelo eso saliwe ngendlala engalunganga, umPhathiswa uya kusijika isigqibo sokuqala seGosa loLwazi anike imvume yokufumana ezoo ngxelo zibhaliweyo. Umceli uya kuthi aziswe ngesigqibo eso nangemali ehlawulekayo yokwenza kwakhona loo ngxelo ibhaliweyo okanye inxalenye ngayo.
Ukuba umPhathiswa uyahambisana nesigqibo seGosa loLwazi, sokungavumi ukuba zifumaneke iingxelo ezibhaliweyo umceli unelungelo lokuya kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo ukuze kuhlolwe kwakhona isigqibo sokumalela ukuba angazifumani ezo nkcukacha.
Kwakuba kuvelelwe zonke iinkalo zamancedo ezibheno zangaphakathi, njengoko zichaziwe kule ncwadana, umceli unelungelo lokuya kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo ukuze kuhlolwe kwakhona isigqibo sokumamela ukuba angazifumani ezo nkcukacha.
Masifakwe kwifomu echaziweyo njengoko kuchaziwe liQumrhu lika Wonke-wonke kwiintsuku ezingama - 60 nezingama - 30 kwizibheno zomntu wesithathu.
Masihanjiswe okanye sigqithiselwe kwiGosa loLwazi lequmrhu likawonke-wonke elichaphazelekayo kwiinkcukacha zakhe zoqhagamshelwano.
Masichaze umcimbi wesibheno sangaphakathi.
Masichaze izizathu ezibangela isibheno sangaphakathi.
Masiquke naziphi na iinkcukacha ezibhaliweyo ezizezinye ezaziwa ngulowo ubhenayo.
Masichaze okokuba, ngaphezu kwempendulo ebhaliweyo, umbheni makaxele indlela anqwenela ukwaziswa ngayo nazo zonke inkcukacha ezibalulekileyo nezifanelekileyo zukuba aziswe.
Ukuba kukho imali yesibheno ehlawulwayo, loo ntlawulo mayihambe nesibheno esibhaliweyo esiya kwiGosa loLwazi. Intlawulo yesibheno echaziweyo, ukuba ikho, mayihlawulwe. Ukuba isibheno asihlawulwanga, isigqibo ngeso sibheno singarhoxiswa, de kube lelo thuba ekuya kuthi kuhlawulwe.
Isibheno esibhaliweyo masichaze idilesi yeposi okanye inombolo yefekisi.
Ukuba isibheno sifakwe sesiphelelwe lixesha, oko kukuthi iintsuku ezingama- 60/30, iGunya elifanelekileyo, emva kokuba kuboniswe iinjongo ezintle malikuvumele ukufakwa kwesibheno sangaphakathi emva kwethuba. Ukuba igunya elifanelekileyo alikwamkeli ukufakwa emva kwethuba kwesibheno sangaphakathi, malazise loo mntu ufake isibheno sangaphakathi.
Igosa loLwazi kufuneka lifake oku kulandelayo kwiGunya elifanelekileyo, kwiintsuku zomsebenzi ezili - 10 emva kokufumana isibheno sangaphakathi.
nkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zakhe nawuphi na umntu wesithathu omakaziswe.
Ukuba iGunya elifanelekileyo liqwalasela isibheno sangaphakathi esichasa ukukhatywa kwesicelo sokufumaneka kwengxelo ebhaliweyo emalunga nomntu wesithathu, iGunya elifanelekileyo kufuneka lazise umntu wesithathu wesibheno sangaphakathi, ngaphandle kokuba onke amanyathelo okuzama ukufumana umntu wesithathu awaphumelelanga. Ukuba lomntu wesithathu wazisiwe, makavunyelwe ukuba azimele ngokubhala okanye ngomlomo.
Inkcukacha ezichaziweyo kwisibheno sangaphakathi esibhaliweyo.
Ukuba umntu wesithathu akafumaneki, kwanesizathu sokuba lo mntu wesithathu engakhange abe nethuba lokuzivakalisa nokuba kutheni esi sibheno sangaphakathi kumele ukuba sichithwe nje.
IGunya elifanelekileyo lingasiqinisekisa isigqibo sokuqala okanye lingakhupha esinye isigqibo esitsha. Isigqibo ngesibheno sangaphakathi masenziwe kwiintsuku ezingama - 30 emva kokwamkelwa kwesibheno sangaphakathi. Kwangoko nje emva kokuba kuthathwe isigqibo, iGunya elifanelekileyo malazise eso sigqibo kumbheni kumntu wesithathu nakumceli, kangangoko linako, lazise nombheni kwifomu eceliweyo.
Zakuba ziqwalaselwe zonke indlela zokuqhutywa kwesibheno sangaphakathi, umceli unelungelo lokubuyisela isibheno eNkundleni ukuba siphendlwe kwakhona.
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Yintoni ukuba ngummi?
Ukuba ngummi yintetho echaza umntu nokunxulumana kwakhe nesizwe. Xa ijongwa ngokubanzi, ubimi bunika iwonga, amalungelo neemfanelo ebantwini, kwaye ibeka amagunya kwaye iyalunciphisa umgama womsebenzi karhulumente. Bungundoqo kwiinkqubo zoorhulumente kwipolitiki yoorhulumente bentando yoninzi, buseka inkqubo-sikhokelo samalungelo neemfanelo kwaye zichaza ukunxibelelna kwabantu norhulumente.
Zininzi iingxoxo-mpikiswano malunga nokuba ngummi.
Amalungelo karhulumente (abandakanya ukukhuleka komntu, umbutho, intetho, ukholo, amalungelo esivumelwano nelungelo kubulungisa).
Namalungelo asekuhlaleni (amalungelo ezentlalo-ntle nokhuseleko).
Ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo nangempumelelo kwiinkqubo zolawulo lwentando yeninzi kufuna ukuba onke amalungu oluntu abe nokufikelela kwizinto eziyimfuneko eziziimfuno zobomi. Oku kubandakanya ukufikelela kukutya ofunekayo, amanzi, izindlu, imfundo esisiseko nezempilo eziyimfuneko.
Ukuba ngummi kuquka ukunyanzeleka kukarhulumente ukuba abonelele ngeemfuno ezisisiseko ezingundoqo ezifana nezempilo nemfundo. Imigaqo-nkqubo yezentlalo ziimfanelo zabemi. Umgaqo-nkqubo wezentlalo inoxanduva lomcimbi wokuba ngubani na obonelela ngezentlalo-ntle, phantsi kwawaphi amalungiselelo ezentlalo nezopolitiko, kwaye kubonelwela bani ngale ntlalo-ntle.
Bunxulumene ngantoni ubumi nokulingana ngesini?
Kanye phakathi kweli gama lithi ubumi kumazwe anolawulo lwentando yeninzi kukho ukulingana phakathi kwamalungu oluntu. Kuyaqondwa ngokubanzi kunjalo ukuba kukho ukungalingani ngokweenkqubo zamazwe anolawulo lwentando yeninzi - bonke abemi abalingani. Nakuba ulawulo lwentando yeninzi lunika abemi amalungelo, ukusetyenziswa kwamalungelo abemi ngempumelelo yinto ekhathaza kakhulu kubantu abasingelwe phantsi abafana nabafazi nabantu abangamahlwempu.
Ilungelo lovoto likawonke-wonke (ilungelo lokuvota lawo onke amalungu kunyulo) alikawuphenduli ngokwaneleyo umcimbi wokulingana; okuchasene noku, ibonisile ukuba ukulingana kungaqhubeka ngaxeshanye nje kakuhle neenkqubo zokungalingani.
Ukungalingani ngokwesini nocalucalulo kuhleli kuzinze kwimibutho, izithethe nendlela abahlali abazithatha ngayo izinto kwaye ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwamalungelo abemi ngabafazi kungacela umngeni kucalucalulo kukhuthaze ukulingana. Ngoko ke kukho ukuzalana okukhoyo phakathi kokuba ngummi nokulingana ngokwesini. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kobumi ngabafazi nokugqala ukunxibelelanisa imicimbi yesini nomthetho, imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente neenkqubo neendlela, iindlela zokwenza namaziko karhulumente ziyafuneka xa ufuneka ukulingana ngokwesini kuphumelele.
Intetho yolawulo olulawulwa yintando yeninzi luya kusebenza ngokuvokothekileyo xa amaqela ezopolitiko nolawulo lwesizwe egqitywa kunye ngamadoda nabafazi ejonge ngokulinganayo okusemdleni nokukwazi ukusebenza kwalo omabini la macala oluntu.
Umgaqo-siseko ubonelela ngokuba kukho ukuba ngummi woMzantsi Afrika okufanayo kwaye bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika banamalungelo ngokulinganayo, izinto ozifumana ngokuba ngummi kwaye kufuneka ngokulinganayo benze imisebenzi babenoxanduva lokuba ngabemi. IBhili yamaLungelo ethu ibekela abemi nabanye amalungelo aseburhumenteni, awopolitiko nawasekuhlaleni.
Amalungelo oluntu akwiBhili yamaLungelo oLuntu abandakanya ilungelo lokulingana, lesidima somntu, ukukhululeka nokukhuseleka komntu, ukwenza izinto ngasese, ukukhululeka kwinkolo, ukukholelwa noluvo, ukukwazi ukuvakalisa nokunxibelelana nelungelo lokuhlangana, nibonakalise, niphikethe nifake isicelo somakwenziwe.
Bonke abemi banelungelo lonyulo olukhululekileyo, olungenamkhethe nolwenzeka nakuliphi iziko lolawulo elisekwe ngokumalunga noMgaqo-siseko.
a Lokuvotela naliphi na igunya lolawulo kunyulo ngokumalunga noMgaqo-siseko, kwaye akwenze oku ngasese; kwaye amele isikhundla soluntu aze akunyulwa, abambe isikhundla eso.
Inkululeko ayinakufunyanwa ngaphandle kokuba abafazi bakhululeke kuzo zonke iindidi zengcinezelo. Sonke masikuthathele phezulu, ukuba iinjongo zeNkqubo yoKwakha nokuPhuhlisa ngezingabangakho ngaphandle kokuba sibonr gca ukuba imeko yabafazi belizwe lethu itshintshile yabangcono, kwaye kuzo zonke iimeko banikwe amandla elingana nalo naliphi na ilungu loluntu.
Ukulingana ngokwesini kuxinzelelwe njengowona mgaqo wolawulo lwentando yeninzi olutsha. Abafazi bakhona kwezopolitiko ngendlela ebonakalayo njengamanye amazwe, imithetho emininzi eqhubela phambili ukulingana ngokwesini iphunyeziwe yiPalamente kwaye iindlela zamaziko, afana neKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini zikhona ukulungelelanisa nokukhuthaza ukulingana ngokwesini.
Ubuhlwempu nokungalungi koqoqosho zibachaphazela ngokulinganayo abafazi. Abafazi bachatshazelwa kukungabinazo iinkonzo zentlalo. Ngabafazi abangamahlwempu abanoxanduva lukukha amanzi nokufuna izinto zokubasa ekhaya, beqinisekisa ukuba abantwana bayanxiba, batyiswe bafumane nemfundo eyimfanelo, bazame nokufumanela iimfuno zempilo zeentsapho zabo.
Nakuba kubekho inkqubela phambili kumthetho, abafazi basajongene nemiqobo emininzi kumalinge abo okufikelela kwingqesho ephucukileyo, ukukhuseleka ekuhlaleni ukufumana izinto zexabiso ezifana nomhlaba. Ezi zithintelo zibandakanya ukungalingani komthwalo wokuvelisa abantwana nokubakhathalela, ucalucalulo kwimakethe yomsebenzi, izithethe nemithetho ecalucalulayo yeenkonzo nentlalo, ukungamelwa kumaziko ezopolitiko noqoqosho, kunye nodlakazeliso olwenziwa ebafazini.
Indlela yenkqubo elungiseleweyo yokujonga ukwenzeka kokukhuthaza kokuba ngabemi kwabafazi nokwenza kwenzeka amalungelo abafazi entlalo noqoqosho kubalulekile ukuze baqondwe ngokuphumeleleyo. Oku kujongwa kunokwenzeka kumanqanaba amaninzi. Umgaqo-siseko unike inxaxheba ethile kwiKhomishini yamaLungelo oLuntu ngokunxulumene kumalungelo entlalo noqoqosho nakwiKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini ngokumalunga nokulingana kwezini. Umthetho wokuLingana kwiNgqesho nokuKhuthazwa kokuLingana nokuThintela ucalucalulo olungalunganga nawo ubonelela ngeendlela ezibalulekileyo zokujonga ukwenzeka nokunyanzeleka kwenzeke kwamalungelo okuba ngabemi kwabafazi.
Umceli mngeni wokukhangela igalelo elifihlakeleyo lemithetho ebonakala idikidiki nemigaqo-nkqubo kubafazi.
IKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini (CGE) yenye yamaziko karhulumente esahluko 9 aXhasa uMgaqo-siseko wokuLawula ngentando yoninzi echazwe kwicandelo 18 loMgaqo-siseko. Isigunyaziso sayo somgaqo-siseko kukukhuthaza ukulingana nokukhusela, ukuphuhlisa nokufikelela kukulingana ngokwesini.
IKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini izimele kwaye ixhomekeke kuphela kuMgaqo-siseko nomthetho. Kufuneka ingabi namkhethe kwaye mayisebenzise amagunya nemisebenzi ekufanele iyenze ngaphandle koloyiko, ukukhetha okanye ukunyanzeleka. Ilawulwa yiKhomishini yoMthetho wokuLingana ngokweSini, 1996 ebeka amagunya nemisebenzi yawo ebanzi.
Ukwenza izindululo kurhulumente ukuze kukhuthazwe ukulingana ngokwesini, kubandakanywa ukundululwa kwezinto emaziguqulwe kulo mthetho ukhoyo kunye nokucebisa ulawulo olutsha.
IKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini inamagunya abalulekileyo anxulumene nokuphanda ngokungalingani ngokwesini.
ngegunya lewaranti ekhutshwa ngumantyi okanye yijaji ukuba kukhangelwe nabani na, kungenwe kukhangelwe nayiphi na indawo ze bathimbe kwaye basuse nantoni na emntwini okanye kwindawo enento nokwenza nophando olo.
Amagunya eKhomishini axhaswa sisigunyaziso sokubanetyala kwaye ukungancedisani nophando lweKhomishini kungathetha ukuba unetyala kwaye ekugwetyweni ufanelwe ukugwetywa imali okanye ithuba elithile entolongweni ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6.
IKhomishini inakho nanini na, ivelele uMongameli okanye iPalamente ngokumalunga nawuphi na umcimbi ophathelene nokwenza amagunya ayo okanye ukwenza imisesebenzi yayo. IKhomishini kufuneka inike ingxelo kuMongameli ngemisebenzi yayo nempumelelo yayo kwiinjongo zayo, ngayo yonke iminyaka, aze naye kufuneke ingxelo leyo ayandlale ngokukhawuleza ePalamente. IKhomishini ikwanakho ukuthi nangaliphi na ixesha ingenise nayiphi na ingxelo kuMongameli okanye ePalamente.
IKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini inokuthi makwenziwe izinto phantsi koMthetho wokuKhuthaza ukuLingana nokuThintela Ucalucalulo oluNgalunganga, ngomdla wayo okanye egameni lemidla yelinye iqela okanye yodidi oluthile lwabantu.
Kwakhona, i IKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini iliqonga elilelinye ngeenjongo zalo Mthetho. Oku kuthetha ukuba igosa elongameleyo leNkundla yokuLingana umcimbi ingawuthumela kwiKhomishini yokuLingana ngokweSini ukuba uhlalelwe ngokumalunga namagunya nemisebenzi yawo.
Icandelo 12, UMthetho wokuLingana ngokwesini 39 ka- 1996.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UKULAWULWA KWEMPAZAMISO YOCINEZELO LOKWENZAKALA.txt</fn>
Sonke siye sehlelwe lucinezelo (stress) kumaxesha athile ebomini bethu. Ucinezelo olugqithisileyo olwehla lungayeki lungayonakalisa impilo yakho yasemzimbeni, uzinzo emoyeni kunye nobudlelwane bokunxulumana.
I-PTSD imandundu kakhulu ekuxhalabeni okuye kwehle xa ubungakhuselekanga kwisehlo esenzakalisa ngokugqithisileyo, umzekelo, ekwenzeni umsebenzi.
Ukudakumba yimpendulo yasemoyeni (emotional) kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezicinezela ubomi. Chaza igama 'isicinezeli' kubantu abangasiqhelanga isigama sezengqondo.
I-PTSD yimeko enyangekayo. Ngokwengqikelelo yamanani, iipesenti ezingama-90 zabantu abanyangelwa i-PTSD bayaphila. Abaninzi baye babe nako ukubuyela emsebenzini, bezuza imigangatho eyohlukeneyo yokusebenza emsebenzini.
nokusebenzisa iindlela zokuphumla ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yolonwabo; kunye nokwakha ubudlelwane obuzinzileyo nobuhlala ixesha elide.
Ukufuna uncedo msinyane nje ukuba ucinezelo lwenzeke. Ayilophawu lwabuthathaka ukufuna uncedo xa ungakwazi ukumelana neemeko zakho.
Cela icebo kumphathi wakho lokuba ungasebenza njani na ngesi simo.
Emva kokuba ufumene unyango lwe-PTSD okanye lwenye impazamiso yengqondo, kungenzeka ukuba kwenziwe isincomo sokuba ubekwe kwindawo yokusebenza enocinezelo olungephi. Isigqibo esiphathelene nokubekwa kwakho masenziwe kusetyenziswa ingxoxo evulelekileyo phakathi kwakho, abaPhathi kunye nengcali yezemisebenzi ye-SAPS. AbaPhathi kufuneka ukuba bakuxhase ngexesha lolungiso.
Kwenzekani ukuba ngaba unyango alukhokeleli kwimpucuko kwimeko yakho?
Ukuba ngaba unyango olusebenzayo alukhokeleli ekuchacheni kwakho kwixesha elifanelekileyo, umhlalaphantsi ngenxa yempilo embi kunokucingwa ngawo. Le ndlela kucingwa ngayo emva kokuba uMphathi weNgozi kwiMpilo eqhube uphando olupheleleyo. Uhlolo olwenziwa ngugqirha ofunda nonyanga izifo zengqondo lwenza inxenye yophando loMphathi weNgozi kwiMpilo.
Ulawulo lwempazamiso zengqondo lugqalisele kunyango nokuchacha. Ngoko ke, umhlalaphansti ngenxa yempilo embi kufuneka ucingwe njengendlela yokugqibela kuphela.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UKULINGANA NGOKWESINI KUNYE NOMTHETHO KAMAKULINGWANE.txt</fn>
Waphunyezelwa nto ni uMthetho kaMakulingwane?
UMthetho waphunyezelwa ukunika ifuthe lendlu yowiso-mthetho ilungelo lomakulingwane eliqulathwe kwicandelo 9 loMthetho siSeko. Iinjongo zawo gabalala, kukunciphisa ucalulo olungafanelekanga nokukhuthaza ukulingana ngokunika nokulungiselela inkqubo yokugqithisa izikhalazo.
Ngubani onemfanelo yokunika ubungqina bocalulo ngokuhambelana noMthetho?
Nje ukuba umfaki sicelo afake uluvo lokuqala lwetyala localulo, umthwalo wobungqina ukummangalelwa ukuba anike ubungqina bokuba khange kubekho calulo njengokuba kutyholwa njalo okanye into eyenzekileyo ayisekwanga nakomnye umhlaba okanye imihlaba engavumelekanga.
Nguwuphi umgaqo olandelwa lixhoba localulo ukuze kulandelwe ityala elo ngokoMthetho?
IKhomishini yoLingano ngeSini.
Ummangali angaya kumabhalane weNkundla yezoLingano afake isikhalazo esebenzisa uxwebhu olukhethelwe ukusetyenziselwa oko. Inkundla yezoLingano iya kulincedisa ixhoba ekuhambiseni isikhalazo.
Ndidi zini zoncedo ezingayalelwa yiNkundla yezoLingano?
INkundla yezoLingano inegunya lokwenza uphando ngokumalunga nesicelo phantsi koMthetho nokunika umyalelo ofanelekileyo kwiimeko ezilandela uphando olulolo hlobo. Imiyalelo enokunikwa ibandakanya imiyalelo yexeshana naleyo inokubhengezwa, iyalela intlawulo yokoniwa, iyalele ukuba kucelwe uxolo olungenazimeko zibekiweyo nokwenza isigqibo sentlawulo phakathi kwamaqela sibe ngumyalelo wenkundla.
IsiBhengezo Jikelele samalungelo oLuntu ("isiBhengezo") esamkelwa saze sabhengezwa ngomhla we-10 kuDisemba ka-1948 ngeNtlanganiso kaWonkewonke yeZizwe eziManyeneyo siphawula isiqalo sokwenene sokuvunywa kwamalungelo oluntu ngumhlaba wonke. IsiBhengezo sikwaphawula isiphelo soluvo lokuba imibuso ephantsi kolawulo oluzimeleyo ingaphila ngokubelwa ecaleni ngokupheleleyo kwibandla nebandla lehlabathi liphela ze liqhubele phambili ububi okanye longamele ukophulwa kwamalungelo oluntu kungekho kwakuzikhathaza okukhe kwavakaliswa nanguwo nawuphi na umbuso ongomnye. IsiBhengezo sasilusabelo lwezembali kwiMfazwe yeLizwe kwaye ngokungqalene neenkohlakalo ezenziwa yiNazi Germany.
IsiBhengezo asijonganga nesiphumo somthetho osisibophelelo kumazwe asamkelayo. Ndaweni yoko simele ukuvakaliswa koluvo lukawonke wonke lwangemibuso evumelana nesiBhengezo. Seside saba sisixhobo ekunokulinganiselwa ngaso imithetho- siseko nekunokuvavanywa ngaso iintetho ezingenabungqina zokwaphulwa kwamalungelo oluntu. Saba sisandulela sokuzalwa koko kubizwa njenge"nkqubo yamalungelo oluntu" ngendlela abantu abangabantu nje ababhenela ngayo kwizimvo zehlabathi lonke zokuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Yintoni amalungelo abantu?
Amalungelo oluntu zezinye iimpawu zenkululeko.
Ilungelo kufuneka lohlulwe kwinkululeko nangona zombini ezi zinto, amalungelo nenkululeko zikholisa ukuba phakathi kuMthetho wamaLungelo. Ilungelo elinokunikwa, into umthetho oyamkela njengeyakho (umzekelo, ulingano, isidima). Inkululeko lilungelo ukulindela ukuba abo ezo zinto ezizezexabiso eziqatshelwa luluntu njengezintle, zibe azohluthwa kuwe.
UMthetho waMalungelo usebenza kuyo yonke imithetho, kwaye uyayibophelela iNdlu yoWiso-Mthetho, IQumrhu eliphetheyo, iiJaji zelizwe nawo onke amalungu karhulumente.
Amalungiselelo omthetho abophelela umntu nje okanye umntu olilungu lolawulo kwezobulungisa ukuba ngaba kuthe kanti kufaneleke njalo kukhangelwe ubume belungelo kwanobume bawo nawuphi umsebenzi onyanzeliswe lilungelo elo.
Inkoliso yamalungelo kuMthetho oyilwayo waMalungelo akhusela wonke ubani.
Umntu olilungu lolawulo kwezobulungisa unelungelo kumalungelo akuMthetho oyilwayo waMalungelo kangangoko kufunwa sisimo samalungelo nasisimo salowo ulilungu lolawulo kwezobulungisa.
Amalungelo akuWiso-thetho lwaMalungelo angancitshiswa kuphela ngokuhambelana nomthetho wokusetyenziswa gabalala kangangokuba ube umthetho ufanelekile kwaye unokugwetyelwa kwintlalo evulekileyo nekhululekileyo esekwe kwisidima soluntu, ulingano nenkululeko, kujongwe iimeko ezifanelekileyo.
Injongo yoMthetho kukunika ifuthe kwicandelo 9 loMthetho-siseko ukwenzela ukunqanda ucalucalulo nokuxhatshazwa; ukukhuthaza ulingano nokunciphisa ucalucalulo olungafanelekanga; ukuthintela nokunqanda intetho yentiyano.
UMthetho ubophelela urhulumente nabantu bonke. UMthetho awusebenzi nakowuphi umntu ekusebenza kuye uMthetho woBulungisa eNgqeshweni.
Ukuba ungquzulwano olunxulumene nokuhlangatyezwane nako kuMthetho woLingano luvela phakathi koMthetho namalungiselelo awo nawuphi umthetho ongomnye, ngaphandle koMthetho-siseko okanye ukuba uMthetho wePalamente ulungisa ngokucacileyo uMthetho, makulawule amalungiselelo oMthetho.
Ucalulo lungavela kumgaqo nkqubo, umthetho, isenzo okanye kwimeko.
Lungalolungqalileyo okanye olungangqalanga. Ucalucalulo olungqalileyo lubandakanya impathp engafanelekanga okanye engafaniyo ngokuseka komnye wemihlaba edweliswe kwicandelo 1 loMthetho. Ucalucalulo olungangqalanga lucalucalulo olungehluli abantu ngokucacileyo ngokwemihlaba edwelisiwe (nangokwayiphi imihlaba ekunokwenzeka kuyo noxa ingadweliswanga kwicandelo 1 loMthetho) kodwa noxa kunjalo ibe nefuthe localucalulo kumaqela athile nabantu abathile.
Ukunciphisa inzuzo ngokubamba amancedo, amathuba neenzuzo.
Yiyiphi imihlaba yocalucalulo eyaliwayo?
IKhomishini yoMzantsi Afrika yamaLungelo oLuntu igunyaziswe ngokoMthetho ka-1994 wamalungelo oLuntu ukuba amamele izikhalazo ezinxulumene nocalucalulo kwaye yamkelwa njengendawo eyenye yoMthetho woLingano.
IKhomishini yoLingano ngeSini igunyaziswe ngokoMthetho weKhomishini yoLingano ngeSini ukuba iphulaphule izikhalazo ezinxulumene nocalucalulo ngokwesini kwaye ivunywe njengeqonga elilelinye ngokoMthetho woLingano.
Isenzo okanye ukutyeshela komntu osebenzela uluntu/ urhulumente nto leyo eba nesiphumo esidala umonakalo ongafanelekanga komnye umntu.
INkundla yoMthetho-siseko igunyaziswe ukuba iphulaphule izikhalazo ngokwecandelo 9 (igatya lolingano) loMthetho-siseko.
INKundla ePhakamileyo yeZibheno igunyaziswe ukuphulaphula izikhalazo ngokwecandelo 9 (igatya lolingano) loMthetho-siseko.
INkundla ePhakamileyo igunyaziswe ukuphulaphula izikhalazo ngokwecandelo 9(igatya lolingano) loMthetho-siseko. INkundla ePhakamileyo ikwagunyaziswe ukuhlala njengeNkundla yaMatyala yoLingano ngokoMthetho.
IiNkundla zikaMantyi zigunyaziswe ukuphulaphula izikhalazo ngokwecandelo 9 (igatya lolingano) loMthetho-siseko. Amacandelo 1 no-16 oMthetho woLingano amisela ukuba iNkundla kaMantyi yiNkundla yoLingano.
INkundla yeziBheno zaBasebenzi inolawulo kwizigqibo zokugxothwa komntu ngenxa yocalucalulo.(ukugxothwa okungafanelekanga okuzenzekelayo) nezenzo zocalucalulo olungafanelekanga, ezenzeka emsebenzini.
INkundla yaBasebenzi inolawulo kwizigqibo zokugxothwa komntu ngenxa yocalucalulo (ukugxothwa okungafanelekanga okuzenzekelayo) nezenzo zocalucalulo olungafanelekanga emsebenzini.
INkundla yoXolelaniso nokuLamla inolawulo kwizigqibo zokugxothwa komntu ngenxa yocalucalulo (ukugxothwa okungafanelekanga okuzenzekelayo) nezenzo zocalucalulo olungafanelekanga emsebenzini woxolelaniso kuphela.
INKundla yamaBango eMihlaba isekwe ngokwecandelo 22 loMthetho wokuBuyekezwa kwaMalungelo oMhlaba necandelo 166 (c) loMthetho-siseko ukulungiselela ukubuyekezwa kwamalungelo emihlaba ebantwini okanye kubemi ababohluthwe loo malungelo emva kwe-19 Juni 1913 ngenxa yemithetho neenkqubo zocalucalulo lwangaphambili ngokwebala.
IKhomishini yoLingano ngeSini (Commission on Gender Equality/CGE) yinxalenye yeSahluko 9 saMaziko kaRhulumente eXhasa iNkululeko evunywe kuMthetho-siseko ecamngcwe kwicandelo 181 loMthetho-siseko. egunya layo likukukhuthaza imbeko yolingano ngesini nokukhusela, ukuphuhlisa nokufikelela kulingano ngobuni.
ICGE iizimele kwaye iphendula kuphela kuMthetho-siseko nomthetho. Kufuneka ingabi namkhethe kwaye isebenzisa amagunya ayo nemisebenzi yawo yokwenziwa ingenaloyiko, ingenamkhethe okanye ukugweba ngolwazi onalo, Ilawulwa yiKhomishini yoMthetho woLingano ngeSini, ka-1996 ebeka amagunya nemisebenzi yayo ebanzi nezizintlu ngezintlu.
beka esweni ukuthobela imimiselo yehlabathi ekhuthaza ulingano ngesini.
ICGE inamagunya abonakalayo ahambelana nokuphanda ngentswela kulingana kwezesini.
ngokomthetho wegunya elikhutshwe ngumantyi okanye ijaji ingaphanda nawuphi na umntu, ingene iphande iphengulule nayiphi na indawo ze ithimbe ithathe nantoni emntwini okanye endaweni enento yokwenza nophando.
Amagunya eKhomishini axhaswa sisohlwayo sabaphuli mthetho nokungaphumeleli ukuhambisana nophando olwenziwa yiKhomishini, oko kungathathwa njengolwaphulo mthetho nemfanelo yesohlwayo okanye isigwebo entolongweni sexesha elizinyanga ezi-6.
IKhomishini ingaya kuPrezidenti welizwe okanye iPalamente nanini na nangayiphi imiba emalunga nokusetyenziswa kwamagunya ayo ukuqhutywa kwemisebenzi yayo. Ikhomishini kulindeleke ukuba qho ngonyaka yenze ingxelo yemisebenzi yayo kwanokuphumelela ekufezekiseni iinjongo zayo, kuMongameli/uPrezidenti welizwe ekulindeleke ukuba yena ayandlale ePalamente kwangexesha. IKhomishini inokunika nayiphina ingxelo eyenye nanini kuPrezidenti okanye ePalamente.
IKhomishini yoLingano ngeSini ingaqalisa imisele iinkqubo zokuKhuthazwa koMthetho woLingano noThintelo loCalucalulo Olungafanelekanga, ngokufezekisa umdla wayo , umdla woluntu gabalala okanye ngokumela omnye umntu okanye umdla walo naliphi na iqela lodidi labantu.
Ngaphaya koko, iCGE liqonga elilelinye lweenjongo zalo Mthetho. Oku kuthetha ukuba igosa elisesihlalweni seNkundla yoLingano ingawugqithisela kwiCGE umcimbi ukuze kujongwane nawo ngokwamagunya nemisebenzi..
ICandelo 13, uMthetho 39 ka-1996 weKhomishini yoLingano ngeSini.
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1-SAPS iyavuma ukusebenza ngesikhalazo apho kukhuselekileyo kwaye bucala kwaye iyakusiphatha isikhalazo ngentlonipho nesidima. Iinkqubo ziyakucaciswa njengoko zisenzeka.
Igosa lamapolisa liyakufumana iinkcukacha ezisisiseko zolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye liyakuthatha libhale phantsi ingxelo evela kummangali lisebenzisa amagama awasebenzisileyo ukuchaza isehlo.
Ummangali kufuneka ayifunde ingxelo. Ukuba ngaba akakwazi ukufunda, igosa lamapolisa liyakumfundela ingxelo. Naziphina iziphoso ziyakulungiswa phambi kokuba ummangali ayisayine ingxelo.
Uxwebhu lwetyala lwesikelethoni luyakuvulwa. Ummangali kamva uyakunikwa inombolo yetyala kunye, apho kwenzekayo, ikopi yengxelo.
Idilesi yommangali kunye needilesi zabanye abantu ekunokuqhagamshelwana nabo abafana nosapho kunye nabahlobo ziyakufunyanwa kwaye zikhangelwe. Oku kuyakubhalwa phantsi kwidayari yophando.
Ukuba ngaba igosa lamapolisa belingumntu wokuqala ummangali athethe nalo, igosa lamapolisa liyakungenisa ingxelo yemo yokujongeka kommangali kunye namagama akhe ngqo.
Amapolisa ayakubhala ingxelo yokubamba ukuba ngaba umrhanelwa osolwayo ubanjiwe kwaye ubungqina bomzimba buyakuthathwa.
Uyakucelwa ukuba ancedise amapolisa ukwazisa umsolwa.
Ukuba uya kuya enkundleni kwaye anike ubungqina malunga nokwenzekileyo. Ummangali uyakuthunyelwa KUMBUTHO OZIMELEYO (NGO) ayele ukucetyiswa kunye nenkxaso.
Amaxhoba anelungelo lokuphathwa ngentlonipho nesidima.
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Zininzi izifo ezizithatha ngofuzo kubazali bethu nakookhokho bethu. Kuncinane kakhulu de kuphantse kungabikho nto sinokuyenza ukuthintela ezi zifo.
Kodwa ke noxa kunjalo, kukho izifo esizifumana ngenxa yendlela esiphila ngayo.
asiyikhathalelanga imizimba yethu singazifumana ezi zifo.
Ezi zibizwa njengezifo zendlela umntu aphila ngayo.
Le ncwadana inika inkcukacha zolwazi malunga nezinye zezinto onokuzenza ukukhusela ezi zifo.
Khumbula ukuba ngumzimba wakho. Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho. Ngoko ke zikhathalele.
Le ncwadana engokukhetha ukungalisebenzisi icuba yenye yothotho lweencwadana eziqulethe ulwazi.
Uya kuba ngumntu osempilweni, xa ungalisebenzisi icuba. Uninzi lwabemi boMzantsi Afrika luyayazi loo nto. Abo abayitshayi imidiza okanye iinqawe, abamenqi kwaye bengagwadi. Le ncwadana iphethe iinyani ngokuzigcina usempilweni. Ubulumko kukuba ungabi saqalisa ukutshaya okanye ukuyeke nje kwaphela. Siyathemba ukuba uya kukhetha ukuhlala usempilweni entle ngokuhambela kude necuba nokutshaya.
Funda le ncwadana ze ufumanise ukuba ungakwenza njani na oko.
Ukuba nje ebenokuyeka ukutshaya!
Kuyingozi oko kutshaya kwakho...
Kudala nditshaya apha ebomini bam de kube ngoku, akukho kwanto seyikhe yenzeka apha kum!
Jonga Dudu, bubomu bam kwaye ndinelungelo lokutshaya kangangoko ndifuna!
Kulungile! Kodwa khumbula ukuba indoda eyaziwa kakhulu kwezonyango, uGqirha Zondi uthi inkoliso yabantu abalanda amayeza esibhedlela baphethwe zizifo ezenziwa kukutshaya.
Ingozi eyenziwa licuba yenzeka ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho imini nemini iye ichaphazela intliziyo yakho, imiphunga, imithambo yegazi namanye amalungu omzimba wakho... ekugqibeleni itshabalalisa impilo yakho... ibulala izigidi ngezigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela!
Sihleli siza kufa nje sonke ngenye iminikungcono ndife ngenxa yento endiyithandayo.
Ungalibali ukuba umsi wecuba lakho uyaphefumlwa ngabo bakungqongileyo kwaye wenza ukuba babe nezifo zabantu abatshayayo.
Khumbula ngalo lonke ixesha ulayita icuba usenokungafi kwangoko... ukutshaya kusenokukubangela esinye sezifo ezibi esinge ngokuxhuzula ... usenokuchitha iminyaka emininzi usentlungwini ungenakuzinceda uhamba nge'wheel- chair' okanye usenokufa kancinci kancinci usentlungwini sisifo semiphunga... khawucinge ... yeka ngoku ... phambi kokuba konakale!
NdinguDudu igama lam. Ndingathanda ukuba sithethe ngokusetyenziswa kwecuba. Masiqale ngokujonga iinyaniso ezimalunga nokutshaya umdiza.
Kunyaka ngamnye kufa i- 12 000 labantu kuMzantsi Afrika bebulawa yintliziyo, umhlaza wemiphunga, ezinye iindidi zomhlaza kunye nesifo semibhobho yemiphunga esinganyangekiyo.
Kwamanye amazwe ukutshaya umdiza kubulala abantu abaninzi kunokuba ibulala i-AIDS, utywala, iziyobisi ezifana neherowini nekhokheyini. Neengozi zemoto, zidityanisiwe.
Kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala bomntu, ubunzima/ubukhulu bomzimba, ezinye iimeko zempilo, nobude bexesha etshaya, umntu otshayayo usenokubuyela empilweni yakhe xa enokuyeka ukutshaya.
Unyaka omnye nje emva kokuyeka ukutshaya basenokungabi naso isifo semibhibho yemiphunga. Emva kweminyaka elishumi, bomelela phantse ngokulinganayo nabo bangazanga baliphatha icuba.
Imidiza necuba yimixube yezinto ezininzi eziyingozi ezinje ngekhabhon monoksayidi, inikhothini netha. Ezi zinto zibenzakalisa kakhulu abantu abatshayayo.
Umsi wecuba ukwenzakalisa nabo bantu bawurhabula ngokuwuphefumla. Ukuba ungasemntwini otshayayo, womakalisa impilo yakho kunye neyakhe.
Kungani ukutshaya kungakulungelanga nje?
Icuba liyingozi empilweni yakho, kuba lineendidi zetyhefu ezingaphezu kwama-200. Ezi tyhefu zonakalisa imiphunga yakho. Okukhona utshaya kakhulu kokukhona iya iba nkulu ingozi. Ezi tyhefu zinokwenza isifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza.
Ikhabhoni monokhsayidi yityhefu eyekisa intliziyo yakho ukuthwala I-oksijini emzimbeni wakho. Awunakuphila ngaphandle kwe-oksijini.
Itha yityhefu eyenza umhlaza.
Inokhithini sisidaka-mizwa. Inikhothini ingakurhurha ube yingedle yayo. "Ukurhurheka" kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho nengqondo zifuna inikhothini ngalo lonke ixesha.
Uziva uyifuna yonke imihla. Xa urhurheke yinto, kunzima ukuyiyeka ungayisebenzisi.. Kungenxa yoku ke abantu benzinyelwa kukuyeka ukutshaya.
Igwada linazo zonke iityhefu elinazo icuba. Abantu abagwadayo banganezifo ezithile, umzekelo ezasempumlweni nasemlonyeni, kunye nokukrala kwemithambo yempumlo (sinuses).
Oogqirha bafumanisa ukuba intsangu iwulimaza umzimba wakho ngokufanayo necuba. Xa urhurheke yintsangu, awunakuba nakho ukusebenza, ukufunda, ukudlala okanye ukonwaba.
Gqirha, ingaba zikho iintlobo zecuba ezingenabungozi Hayi! Imidiza, iisiga, iinqawe negwada, azilunganga xa zizonke?
Abatshayi abaninzi bayala ukuyeka ukutshaya kuba bengayazi indlela ukutshaya oku okuchaphazela ngayo impilo yabo. Makhe sithethe ngezinye zezi zifo.
Ukutshaya kwenza izifo ezininzi. Ezona zinobungozi kakhulu sisifo semiphunga, umhlaza, isifo sentliziyo nesifo sokushwabana.
Abantu abanesifo semiphunga banokugula iminyaka emininzi ngokukhohlela nokunqamka komphefumlo.
Iintlobo ezininzo zomhlaza, ezifana nomhlaza wemiphunga, zenziwa licuba.
Ukutshaya kusenokwenza umhlaza wamanye amalungu omzimba, anje ngengqula, ummizo, isinyi, ulwimi, njalonjalo.
Igazi elisemizimbeni yethu lithwalwa lihanjiswa ngemibhobho emincinci ebizwa ngokuba yimithambo yegazi.
Ukutshaya kwenza ukuba le mithambo ixinane. Oku kuphela ngokuvalela/ ukuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi, nto leyo enobungozi kakhulu. Ukuba igazi aliyi kwindawo ethile yomzimba wakho, loo ndawo inokulimala. Yile nto yenzekayo ke emntwini onesifo sokushwabana okanye isifo sentliziyo. Abantu abaninzi bayafa zezi zifo. Ukuba bathe basinda, basenokufa amalungu athile omzimba (bangakwazi ukushukumisa umzimba) emva kwesifo sokushwabana. Kusenokufuneka ukuba umbtu anqunyulwe umlenze emva kokuxinga kwegazi emlenzeni.
Abatshayi bagula rhoqo kunabantu abangatshayiyo. Basoloko bephutha njalo emsebenzini kwaye bagula zizifo eziqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwabo bangatshayiyo.
Abantwana abaninzi beva okanye babone iintengiso ezingokutshaya ze bafune ukulinga nabo. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka ukuba abhlobo babo sebeqalile ukutshaya ze babakhuthaze ukuba nabo baqalise. Amaxesha amaninzi, abatshayi abasebancicni bakholelwa ukuba baya kuba bakhulile xa betshaya kwaye baya kuhlonipheka.
Kungenzaka ntoni elusaneni lwakho xa utshaya ngelixa ukhulelwe?
Iityhefu ezininzi zecuba zingena kolu sana lungekazalwa, zingena ngegazi likamama. Kwakhona usana aluyi kufumana i- oksijini nezakha-mzimba ezaneleyo, ezivela kwelo gazi ukuze lukhule kakuhle. Kungoko ke ukutshaya kuyingozi elusaneni olungekazalwa.
Kukwakho nezinye iingxaki kwakhona...
Iintsana ezizalwa ngoomama ababe tshaya ngexesha bekhulelwe, zikholisa ukuvela zincinane kunezinye iintsana.
Zikwanamathuba amaninzi okugula nokuba nobulima.
Kukho nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba usana lwakho lungafa ekuzalweni kwalo ukuba utshaya ukhulelwe.
Ufuna ukugcina abantwana bakho bekhuselekile ezingozini ezenziwa kukutshaya. Ezi zizimvo ezithile ezinganceda abantwana bakho ekuthatheni izigqibo ezizizo malunga nempilo yabo.
Le yinto onokuyenza nomntwana wakho ekhaya. Utitshala kwisikolo sabaqalayo okanye kwindawo, ebusikolo yokulondoloza abantwana angasebenzisa lo msebenzi kunye neqela labantwana.
Lo msebenzi unceda abantwana ukuba bafumanise ngezinto ezilungele impilo yabo entle kwanezinto ezona impilo yabo. Abantwana bafunda ngcono xa bekhululekile kwaye bonwabile, ngoko ke ungabanika ezi nkcukacha zolwazi ngexasha lalo msebenzi.
Cela umntwana wakho ukuba acinge ngezinto ezimlungeleyo nangezo zimbi kuye. Ungasebenzisa le posta ukuqala ingxoxo yakho.
Ukuba uneemagazini ezindala, cela umntwana wakho ukuba azijonge ze aske imifanekiso acinga ukuba zilungile kuye, nezo acinga ukuba azimlungelanga. Zincamathelise ephepheni elikhulwana kunamanye ze wenze umboniso oseludongeni ngale tshathi ukuze lonke usapho lubone into ayenzileyo.
Umntwana wakho ufanele ukuwonwabela lo msebenzi. Ungakhalazi xa enokukhetha into ocinga ukuba ayimlungelanga., xaxa nomntwana wakho ngale nto ukuze afunde kuwe ukuba yintoni na enokumenza abe sempilweni entle iyintoni na enokumgulisa. Mbuze ukuba ukukhethe ngani na okakukhethileyo.
Ootitshala banokuwusebenzisa lo msebenzi kubantwana abakumaBanga 1,2, oknye 3. Qinisekisa ukuba abantwana bakho banomntu obangameleyo/ obajongileyo xa besenza lo msebenzi. Ungabashiyi bebodwa namakhandelela avuthayo okanye imatshisi.
amasuntswana amabini ekhadi amalunga neesentimitha ezingama-20 x 15 lilinye.
Vula umngxuma omalunga nesayizi yeR2 embindini wepisi yekhadi. Kwenye ipisi, vula umngxuma omncinane ongangomgqobho wesipeliti.
Yithi abantwana mabenze isangqa bajikeleze wena.
Yithi abantwana mabatsalele umphefumlo kakhulu, bakwenze oko besenyusa izandla zabo ngokucotha.
Kuphinde kathathu oku. Thethe ke ngoku ngendlela abeve ngayo xa bebezalisa imiphungayabo ngomoya. Yithi mabakuphinde kwakhona oku bawuvisise umoya ungena emizimbeni yabo. Baxelele indlela umoya ogcina ngayo imizimba yethu ishukuma nendlela imiphunga yethu esinceds ngayo ekuphefumleni. Ngoku ke yithi abantwana mabenze imitsana elishumi, elandelwa kukuxhuma kahlanu ngomlenze omnye, baphinde kahlanu futhi ngomnye umlenze. Bemise ke ngoku abantwana ubabuze ukuba baphefumla njani- ingaba baphefumla ngokukhawuleza noko kunangokuya bebeme nzu?
Thetha ngendlela ukushukumisa umzimba okunokuguqula ngayo indlela esiphefumla ngayo. Ukushukumisa umzimba kulungile kwaye kusigcina sisempilweni.
Baxelele ngendlela okujika ngayo ukuphefumla xa abantu betshaya kuba ngalo lonke ixesha umsi ungena emiphungeni yabo ze uphume kwakhona, omnye umsi ushiyekela ngasemva. Le ntsalela yomsi ivala imiphunga kancinci kancinci ukuzr ke ngoku ungasebenzi kakuhle njengaxa ibicocekile ingenamsi.
Thetha ngendlela ukutshaya okujika ngayo indlela yokuphefumla kwabantu nangendlela okungalunganga ngayo oku nangendlela esenza ngayo ukuba sigule. Baxelele indlela abathi nabo bachaphazeleke ngayo ngumsi ovela kwimidiza yabantu abatshayayo.
Ungakubonisa ke ngoku oku benixoxa ngako. Qala wenze ze ke uhlole abantwana xa bezama oku. Ungabashiyi bodwa nekhandlela elivuthayo okanye imatshisi. Beka ikhadi enomgqobho omncinci phambi kwekhandlela elisenkonkxeni.
Vuthela ngalo mgqobho ubone inzima ekunzima ngayo ukulicima ikhandlela . Thelekisa oku nokuba nemiphunga eminxwe ngumsi omdala.
Beka ke ngoku ikhadi phambi kwekhandlela elinomngxuma omkhulu.
Vuthela kulo mngxuma ze ubone indlela ekulula ngayo ukulicima ikhandlela. Thelekisa oku nokuba nemiphunga ecocekileyo enamandla amaninzi okusebenza kakuhle.
Lo ngumsebenzi wabantwana abakumabanga 4 no-5.
Qokolela evenkileni ekufutshane nawe iphepha lentengiso elibukhulu buphindaphindeneyo okanye sebenzisa amaphephandaba amadala neemagazini. Sika imifanekiso yezinto ezifana nepakethi yomdiza nebhokisi yematshisi nezinye izinto ezifana neeswiti, iipeni, iikawusi, iincwadi, njalonjalo okanye usebenzise imifanekiso oyizobe ngokwakho. Beka le mifanekiso ephepheni elikhulu ze ubeke amaxabiso kuyo.
Yithi abantwana mabaqikelele ukuba bane-R15 amabathenge ngayo. Yithi mabakhethe izinto abanokuzithenga. Ngumfanekiso wantoni kule ikwitshathi abacinga ukuba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuba nayo?
Xa abantwana sebezenzile izigqibo zabo, yithi mabaxoxe ngoko bakukhethileyo.
Khumbula ukuba akukho mpendulo iyeyona ilungileyo okanye ingalunganga. KODWA, ukuba bakhethe imidiza nematshisi ungaxoxa ngendlela ezibiza ngayo ezo zinto. Ungababonisa nendlela ezingahlala ngayo kwaye zibe ngcono kubo, ezinye izinto ezininzi.
Lo msebenzi yindlela yokwenza ukuba abantwana bacinge ngezinto abazifunayo nangezo bazidinga ngenyani. Ikwayindlela yokuxoxa ngobungozi bokutshaya, oko ukwenza ungadanga ube uyabafundisa- ingxoxo iya kuzenzekela ngokulula. Uya kusoloko ugqithisela ulwazi ebantwaneni xa bengaxhalabanga beyekelele igazi kwaye bonwabile, kunaxa ubenza bacaphuke okanye badikwe.
Ezi ziindidi zezinto onokuzizoba okanye uzisike kumaphepha-ndaba neemagazini.
Ndibaxelele abantwana bam indlela okuyingozi ngayo ukutshaya imidiza. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezigqithileyo ndiqaphele ukuba unyana wam omncinci unuka umsi wecuba. Uthi bonke abalingane bakhe bayatshaya kwaye akafuni kusala yedwa.
Ndincede. Andifuni ukuba umntwana wam agule.
Ufanele ukba nexhala ngonyana wakho otshaya umdiza. Xa enokuqala ukutshaya esemncinane, kungenzeka athi efika kwiminyaka yobudala engamashumi amathathu, abe eqaliswa sesinye sezifo ezenziwa kukutshaya ezinje ngesifo semiphunga, isifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza.
Mncedise ukuba omelele ngendlela yokuba akwazi ukuthi hayi' ekutshayeni. Ungakwenza oku ngokumenza ukuba aziqonde iingozi zokutshaya, ngokuthetha naye nangokumbonisa le ncwadana.
Mxelele ukuba yinto elungileyo ukuba ngumahluko. Ukuba abahlobo bakhebayazingisa ukutshaya, unyana wakho makenze isivumelwano nabo, sokuba wonke ubani unelungelo lomgangatho wokuphila azikhethele wona nosekwe kukhetho alwenza enolwazi kwaye oku kufuneka kuhlonelwe.
Akuvumelekanga ngokwasemthethwenu ukuthengisela imidiza abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-16 leminyaka yobudala. Qinisekisa ukuba oonovenkile bengigqi yakho kunye nabasebenzi babo abathengisi midiza kubantwana abancinci.
Ndinomhlobo onexesha elide etshaya. Ube nokhohlokhohlo olubi kakhulu kwaye ugqirha uthi makayeke ukutshaya, kungenjalo uya kugula kakhulu kwaye usenokufa ngumhlaza. Umhlobo wam uxhalabile ngathi akanokwazi ukuyeka ukutshaya. Ingaba ungandicebisa ukuba ndenze ni?
Umhlobo wakho usoloko esazi ukuba kungani kufuneka akuyeke ukutshaya. Ugqirha wakhe umlumkisile ngeengozi zokutshaya kwaye usithathele ingqalelo enkulu eso silumkiso. Kubalulekile oku kuba akubakho mfuneko yokuba umqinisekise ukuba ayeke, usenzile isigqibo sakhe kwaye ukhuthazekile. Kodwa usaza kuyidinga inkxaso yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba akaqalisi kwakhona.
Ukuba ayitsho pahaha phandle injongo yakhe yokuyeka ukutshaya ze afune uncedo kubalingane bakhe basemsebenzini, kwizizalwane nezihlobo ezinokumxhasa zimkhuthaze.
Xa sele eyeke mpela ukutshaya, makungabikho midiza kwindawo akuyo kuba angahendeka ukuba atshaye nokuba mnye.
Makafumane ukudla okunempilo, okufana neziqhamo okanye into anokuyenza ukumlibazisa ngakumbi xa eziva erhalela ukutshaya. Yithi makancokole nomntu okanye abukele inkqubo yetelevizhini okanye afunde incwadi enomdla, ukuze ingqondo yakhe isuke ecubeni.
Njengomhlobo wakhe yithi gqolo ukumkhuthaza ngokumncoma ngalo lonke ixesha athe wawoyisa umnqweno wokutshaya.
Jonga ukuba ufunde kangakani kule ncwadana. Yenza lo qashiqashi ze uthelekise iimpendulo zakho kwezo zisemazantsi ephepha.
Ukutshaya i kwenzakalisa imiphunga yakho ngendlela efanayo nokutshaya icuba.
Ukuba uyatshaya amazinyo akho aya kuba...
Ukutshaya i kubulala abantu abaninzi kunokuba besifa yi-AIDS, utywala iziyobisi neengozi zezithuthi.
yityhefu esecubeni eyenza umhlaza.
Yithi ngokutshaya/ ekutshayeni.
Abanye abatshayi kunokufuneka ukuba imilenze yabo xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuxingile.
Uku ekutshayeni kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho awunokwenza ngaphandle kwenikhothini okanye itha yecuba.
Ukuba urhumrhekile kukutshaya, umzimba wakho ne azimi kakuhle ngaphandle kwesiyobisi.
Abatshayi aba neminyaka elishumi beyekile ukutshaya bo ngokungathi zange batshaya.
Yiba sisi, ungachithi imali yakho kwimidiza.
Ukunqamleza: 1-intsangu; 6- ngqombo; 7-imidiza; 8-itha; 9-hayi/phantsi; 11-inqunyulwe.
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Zininzi izifo esizifuza kubazali bathu nakookhokho bethu. Incinci kakhulu into esinokuyenza, okanye phantse ibe ayikho, ukuphelisa ezi zifo.
Kodwa ke, kukho izifo esizifumana ngenxa yendlela esiphila ngayo.
yikhathalelanga imizimba yethu singazifumana ezi zifo.
Ezi zifo zibizwa njengezigulo zendlela esiphila ngayo.
Ukuzenza ukuthintela ezi zifo.
Khumbula ukuba ngumzomba wakho. Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho.
Le ncwadana engokuZigcina udlamkile ngokushukumisa umzimba ukuze ube nempilo entle yenye yothotho lweencwadana.
Ukuba siphila ubomi obunempilo, sakuhlala siphilile engqondweni nasemzimbeni. Kufuneka sigcine imizimba yethu iphilile ngokuyiqeqesha ngentshukumo rhoqo.
Inkoliso yethu isebenza nzima kwaye iphila ubomi obunoxinzelelo benexeshana elincinci lokuphumla. Le ndlela yokuphila isenza sibe ngabantu abadiniweyo, abakhathazekileyo nto leyo eyenza ukuba imizimba yethu iqalise ukuva intlungu.
Kule ncwadana, Ukuzigcina udlamkile ngokushukumisa umzimba ukuze uhlale usempilweni entle, sijonga indlela ukushukumisa umzimba okunokusinceda ngayo ukuba sibe ngabantu abanempilo entle nokwana.
Iyakufanela loo lokhwe Fezile yenza ukuba ukhangeleke udlamkile!
Andiziva njalo ke kodwa Bendisebenza nzima kakhulu kutsha nje, ndidinwe nyhani... Ndinqwenela ukuba ndibe bendingayi kweli theko ngobu busuka.
Kodwa uya kuva ngcono xa sel'uphayaungade ufumane nondofa wesoka.
Ewe Fezile, unethamsanqa lokungafani nam ngengxaki yobunzima bomzimba obungaphaya umsebenzi we-ofisi yam wenza ukuba ndihlale phantsi imini yonke... ndiya ndityeba ngokutyeba!
Ewe yindlela wonke umntu angafumana ngayo impilo nenkangeleko entle. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa nje ndishukumisa umzimba rhoqo sendiziva ndiphilile...
Luyolo olu Dudu kwaye kukushukumisa umzimba... sendiziva ngcono kwangoku!
Ukushukumisa umzimba kukwanceda abantu ekulibaleni iingxaki zabo. Ndenze isigqibo sokulawula impilo yam Ndihamba umgama oziikhilomitha ezintlanu yonke imihla, xa ndinakho...! Ndihamba ngokukhawuleza kangangoko ndinakho ukuze ndifumane okona kushukumisa umzimba kukuko.
Ukudanisa nako kukwayindlela elungileyo yokushukumisa umzimba ndaye ndiziva ndincipha ngokuncipha ngomzuzu ngamnye Mandihlale ndikulo mgangatho!
Kutheni singaqeqeshi imizimba yethu ngentshukumo xa sisonke, sikwenze kunye oko Singakhetha iindidi ezininzi zentshukumo ngeveki nganye njengokuhamba, ukudada, ukubaleka nokudanisa?
Ukuba siqeqesha imizimba yethu kunye siya kusoloko sikhuthazana.
Ndiza kuqalisa ngokucacisa into eyenzeka emzimbeni wakho xa uwuqeqesha ngokuwushukumisa nangendlela intshukumo enganceda ngayo. Ukuba ushukumisa umzimba rhoqo, uya kuphawula umahluko emzimbeni wakho ngeveki enye nje qha.
Umzimba womntu uyingxaki kakhulu. Wenziwe mgamathambo, izihluu, ingqondo nenkqubo yemithambo luvo. Inkqubo yokwetyisa ukutya nezinye nezinye. Ukuze imizimba yethu isebenze kakuhle, kufuneka siyikhathalele.
Ukushukumisa umzimba yenye yeendlela zokulolonga umzimba. Ukuba imizimba yethu siyiqeqesha imizuzu engama-30 ubuncinane, kusuku lwesibini ngalunye, asiyi kugula ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye sakuqala ukukhangeleka nokuziva sisempilweni entle. Masifumanise ukuba ngoba.
Igazi lithwala I-oksijini namandla ukuzisa kwizihlunu zakho.
Izihlunu zifuna I-oksijini namandla ukuze zisebenze kakuhle.
Kwenzeka izinto ezahlukileyo emzimbeni xa siwulolonga ngentshukumo. Igazi limpompa ngokukhawuleza ze i-oksijini namandla zifike ngokukhawuleza ezihlunwini. Intliziyo nemiphunga nazo zisebenza nzima ze ziqalise ukunikeza i-oksijini ngokukhawuleza. Umzimba wakho udinga I-oksijini ukuze usebenze kakuhle.
Ukushukumisa umzimba kukomeleza izihlunu zethu nto leyo eyenza ukuba kube lula kuzo ukuphinda iintshukumo. Izihlunu ezomeleleyo zisebenzisa I-oksijini ngempumelelo.
Ngexesha lokushukumisa umzimba, ingqondo ikhulula iincindi ezizizibulala-ntlungu nezinika ukuzola ezibizwa ngokuba zii-endorphins. Ezi ke zisebenza njengezilwa nonxinzelelo, Zikwenza uzive wonwabile kwaye udlamkile! Umzimba ophilileyo ukhokelela kwingqondo ephilileyo!
Ukuqeqesha umzimba ngentshukumo okanye ukwenza umsebenzi oshukumisa umzimba rhoqo, kuya kuyiphucula impilo yakho.
ezihambelana nokuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwengqondo okanye uvakalelo.
Abantu abadala bakholisa ukufumana kunzima ukuhamba imigama emide okanye ukuchola izinto ezincinci. Oku kubangelwa kukuba imizimba yabo iye yaqina ayikwazi ukushukushukuma (akululanga ukugoba). Ukushukumisa umzimba kunganceda ekuphuculeni impilo yabantu abadala. Abo babesakuba nemizimba edlamkileyo ngexa bebancinane banethuba lokuba bangasempilweni entle ebudaleni babo. Oku kuthetha ukuba banako ukwenza izinto ezininzi. Kwabo bangazange baqeqeshe imizimba yabo ngentshukumo ebuncinaneni babo, basenokuqalisa ukuhamba, ukuqabela izitephusi, njalonjalo.
I-Osteoporosis ("isifo sokuthamba kwamathambo") kuxa amathambo emzimbeni wakho aba bhetyebhetye, ophuke lula ze athathe ixesha elide ukunyangeka. Kuba nzima kakhulu ukuhambahamba xa kunje.
Ukushukumisa umzimba njalo nokutya izidlo ezinempilo zindlela ezilungileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-osteoporosis.
Unxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, (High blood pressure) (BP) okanye unxinzelelo olungaphaya yinto exhaphake kakhulu eMzantsi Afrika. Ukuba usempilweni intliziyo yakho impompa igazi lihambe ngemithambo ngesantya namandla afanelekileyo. Ukuba imithambo yakho yegazi iyaqina ze ivaleke, kuba nzima ukumpompa igazi ligqithe kuyo. Le nto ke ibizwa ngokuba lunxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi (High Blood Pressure) okanye ihypertension.
Ukuba akulunyangi unxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, ungafa sisifo sentliziyo okanye sisifo sokushwabana.
Ngokushukumisa umzimba, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, ukulawula ubunzima bomzimba wakho nokusela amayeza ngokokucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho, ungalulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Wakha wayiva intetho ethi "Umzimba ophilileyo, ingqondo ephilileyo" Kufuneka udle ngendlela enempilo, udlamke ube nentsebenziswano ze uphumle ngokwaneleyo ukuba ufuna ukuba nengqondo ephilileyo?
Bambalwa kakhulu abantu abathetha phandle ngempilo yengqondo yabo kuba kunzima ukuyiqonda. Akukho mntu ufuna ukubizwa ngokuba "uphambene", "ubhidekile", "ligeza".
Inokuba sewukhe weva ngonxinzelelo. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhe wanaso wena kanye. Unale meko xa unoxinzelelo olukhulu kuwe.
Kusenokuba semsebenzini okanye ekhaya. Usenokuba ufumana kunzima ukwenza umsebenzi wakho kakuhle, okanye awunamali yokondla abantwana. Oku kukwenzelela unxinzelelo ebomini bakho.
Uxinzelelo luchaphazela umzimba, ingqondo nomphefumlo wakho. Unokuba nentloko ebuhlungu, udinwe lonke ixesha, ube neentlugu zomqolo, uzive ucaphuka. Ukuphungula nokuthintela uxinzelelo, kufuneka utye ukutya okunempilo, ushukumise umzimba rhoqo, usebenzisane nabo bakufutshane naweze uphumle njalo kangangoko unako.
Abantu abaninzi basoloko bediniwe ngalo lonke ixesha kuba basebenza nzima. Basenokuba baya emsebenzini yonke imihla ze bajonge abantwana babo ebusuku.
Kodwa, xa ukudinwa kungapheli, kukho ingxaki. Usenokudinwa kuba uneengxaki ezininzi kwaye uziva ungenakuzithwala.
Ukudinwa isenokuba luphawu loxinzelelo. Xa unoxinzelelo, ukholisa ukuziva ungenathemba kwaye uzele kukungabi nathemba. Umsebenzi nobomi bakho ziyasilela. Abantu abanoxinzelelo baziva befuna ukuzibulala ngamanye amaxesha.
Qalisa ukulawula impilo yakho! Qeqesha umzimba wakho ngokuwushukumisa qho ze uphumle njalo! Kwenze oku nokuba kungathetha ukuba thatha abantwana bakho uhambe nabo ukushukumisa umzimba, ubusuku ngabunye okanye udlale nabo, khe uyiyeke ivasi okwethutyana. Ungaziva ungcono! Ungaziva ukwazi ukulawula ubomi bakho! Thetha nabanye abantu ngeengxaki zakho ukuze uphungulekelwe ngumthwalo.
Ukushukumisa umzimba kuwulungele umzimba osempilweni kunye nengqondo esempilweni. Kodwa ukonwaba ngeli xa uqeqesha umzimba ngentshukumo, kukwabalulekile! Zininzi izinto osel'uzonwabela, ezikukushukumisa umzimba! Mandikwazise ngezinye zazo.
Akukho mfuneko yandleko ekuqeqesheni umzimba ngentshukumo! Akukho mfuneko yokuba uye ejimini, okanye youba uthenge iimpahla ezikhethekileyo. Kuphela ekufuneka ukwazile yindlela eziya kuwunceda ngayo umzimba wakho iindidi zentshukumo ozikhethileyo. Ukulungele ke ngoko ukuqalisa!
Olu hlobo lwentshukumo lunceda ekomelezeni intliziyo nemiphunga.
Ukuhamba, ukubaleka, ukudada, uktsiba-tsiba intambo, ukudanisa- zonke ezi yimizekelo yentshukumo ye-erobhiki. Xa uhamba nganmandla, ubaleka, udada okanye udanisa, uphefumla ngokukhawuleza kwaye igazi lakho limpompa ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuhamba njalo nje kuphela nako kuyintshukumo.
Xa kusenzeka oku, wonke umzimba usebenza ngcono.
Kufuneka wenze intshukumo ye-erobhiksi qho ukuba ufuna ukuphila ngendlela enempilo. Kufuneka ushukumise umzimba emva kosuku olunye imizuzu engama-30 ubuncinane kwixesha ngalinye. Qala kancinane.
Ukuphakamisa iintsimbi kwakha izihlunu. Ungasebenzisa nabuphi na ubunzima onabo ekhaya - inkonxa yepeyinti okanye isitena. Kwiindawo zokuzilolongela ukuphila qethe, kukho iintsimbi ezimile ngokumila nezibukhulu bahlukeneyo.
Abantu abaninzi baphakamisa iintsimbi baze benze intshukumo ye-erobhiki ukuphucula impilo yabo gabalala. Kufunek ulumke kakhulu xa uphakamisa iintsimbi, ukuze ungenzakalisi umqolo wakho. Le nto engakwenzakalisa ngakumbi endaweni yokukunceda.
Ukuba ungaphantsi kwe-16 leminyaka yobudala, musa ukziqeqesha ngokuphakamisa iintsimbi. Isizathu kukuba umzimba wakho kweli bakala leminyaka, usakhula. Ukuqeqesha ngokuphakamisa iintsimbi kuyakuphazamisa oku kukhula. Dlala imidlalo yebhola, baleka, tsiba, wonwabe. Ziindlela zokuziqeqesha ezifanelekileyo ezi!
kwangoko emva kwesidlo- umzimba usetyisa ukutya kwaye usebenzisa amandla xa usenza oku.
xa ugula- umzimba wakho ulwa nzima ukuphelisa ukugula. Oku kwenza ubunzima obungakumbi entliziyweni nasemiphungeni yakho.
xa unesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi, unomzimba ogqithisileyo ngobukhulu, uneeenkathazo zentliziyo okanye uqeqesha umzimba okokuqala - ugqirha/ itheraphisti/ unesi makakucebise ngeentshukumo zomzimba onokuzenza.
ngokucotha nangokuzolileyo, ukuba wagqibela kudala ukuwuqeqesha- kufuneka uqhelise umzimba wakho okuyaa kuwuqeqesha wawukonwabela!
Dlala nabantwana bakho, hlamba imoto yakho, sebenza egadini! Konke oku kuyanceda!
QAPHELA Yeka ngokukhawuleza ukuba unehlaba rsifubeni okanye uziva unesizunguzane.
Kubalulekile ukwenza umzimba wakho shushu phambi kokuba uwuqeqeshe ngokuwushukumisa. Oku ukwenza ngokuzolula. Ukuzolula kwenza amandla, kugcina imizimba yethu ingaqini kukwanceda nakwiintlungu zomqolo. Kufuneka kwakhona uwuphozise kancinci umzimba emva kokuwuqeqesha. Oku ukwenza ngokuzolula ngobunono.
Abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo bangakucebisa bakuncedise ekukhetheni inkqubo yokuqeqesha umzimba fanelekileyo. Ukuba awunakuba nakho ukuya ejimini, qokolela abahlobo bakho nakhe iqela. Ukuqeqesha kuyonwabeleka xa niliqela!
Ukutya kukunika amandla owafunayo ukuhlala udlamkile uphilile. Kunzima ke ngoko ukuthetha ngentshukumo yomzimba ngaphandle kokuthetha ngokutya okudlayo.
Ukuphila ngendlela enempilo kuthetha ukuqeqesha umzimba njalonjalo nokutya ngokusempilweni. Kuthetha ukuthini ukutya ngokusempilweni?
Ukutya kubalulekile kuba kunika amandla nesondlo esisidingayo ukuhlala sidlamkile sikwaphilile.
Ukuphila ubomo obunempilo kufuneka sitye iintlobo ngentlobo zokutya.
Izidlo zemveli zase-Afrika zinempilo. Ezi zidlo zibandakanya ukutya kwendali njengamazimba, umbona, iimbotyi ezomileyo, imifuno, iziqhamo zasendle, inyam'enkukhu, ubisi, inyama ebomvu, nentwana encinci yetyuwa neswekile.
Ukuhlala kwizidlo zemveli zase-frika kungayindlela entle yokufak'igalelo kubomi obunempilo. Kodwa amaxesha atshintsha. Kule mihla abantu bathenga ukutya okuphekwa ngokukhawuleza kumiwe ngeenyawo- njengenkukhu egcadiweyo, ihambega neetshipsi. Oku kukutya okunamafutha nokungenampilo.
Yitya malunga nezidlo ezibini ukuya kwezithathu ngemini.
Yitya isidlo sakusasa. Oku kuya kukunika amandla owadingayo ukuqala imini yakho.
Yitya imifuno eluhlaza efana neekherothi, ikhaphetshu, itumato neziqhaamo.
Zinezondlo kakhulu xa ziluhlaza.
Sela amanzi imini yonke.
Qeqesha umzimba wakho ngentshukumo yonke imihla!
Ndisand'ukuqalisa ukuqeqesha umzimba wam ngentshukumo. Mna nabahlobo bam sibaleka sijikeleze ubumelwane nethu ngemizuzu emalunga ne-10 -15 yonke imihla. Bonke bathi sebeqalile ukuziva ngcono. Hayi mna andiva kwanto. Imilenze yam ibuhlungu ngalo lonke ixesha ngoku.. Ndiyaqhuba ukubaleka kuba ndikholelwa ekuthini izinto zakutshintsha xa sendikuqhelile ukubaleka. Ingaba kunjalo?
Xa usaqala ukuqeqesha umzimba wakho, izihlunu zingaba buhlungu kancinci. Oku kwenziwa kukuba umzimba wakho awukuqhelanga ukuqeqeshwa kwaye usaziqhelanisa nenguqu. Ukuba imilemze yakho ibuhlungu lonke ixesha kwaye sele ubaleke amatyeli ambalwa ngoku, oku kuthetha ukuthi kukho into enokuba ayihambi kakuhle. Yiya kugqirha wakho phambi kokuba uqhubeke nokubaleka nabahlobo bakho.
Ukuba ubaleka kumgaqo wetha, oku kungawuchaphazela umzimba wakho.
Umgaqo wetha ulukhuni kakhulu kwaye umzimba wakho uyadlokoviseke xa ubaleka. Oku kungenza iingxaki zomlenze nomqolo kwixa elizayo ukuba awusebenzisi izihlangu ezifanelekileyo.
Okungcono ufune indawo enengca okanye umhlaba othambileyo onokuhamba oaknye ubaleke kuwo. Ukushukumisa umzimba kujongise ekuncedeni umzimba hayi ukuwonzakalisa!
Bendingawulolongi umzimba wam iminyaka emininzi ngoku ndifuna ukuqalisa. Ndigqibe ukuba ndenze imithambo yomzimba kuba ndifuna ukwahlukana nesisu sam esityebileyo. Ingaba kukho mithambo ithile ekhethekileyo endinokuyenza?
Ungabuphungula ubukhulu besisu sakho ngokwenza imithambo ye-erobhiki qho nangokutya izidlo ezifanelekileyo. Imithambo ofanele kukuyenza ibandakanya ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza ngamandla, ukudada nokudanisa.
Nje ukuba womelele, ungenza imithambo yokomeleza imisipha ukunceda ekwenzeni mcaba isisu sakho. Ungayzomeleza izihlunu zakho ngokwenza uqeqesho olwenza amandla. Ukwenza imithambo rhoqo kuya kuba neziphumo ezihle!
Kungoku nje ufanele ukuba sowusazi lukhulu ngokuqeqesha umzimba nento okungakwenzela yona! Makhe sibone ukuba wazi kabgakanani na!
Izihlunu zifuna I-oksijini ne- ukuze zisebenze kakuhle/ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuqeqesha umzimba ngokuthamba kunganceda , , .
Ukuqeqesha umzimba rhoqo nokutya izidlo ezinempilo kunganciphisa "isifo sokuthamba kwamathambo" okanye.
Ukuhamba, ukubaleka okanye ukudada, yimizekelo ye zokuqeqesha umzimba.
kuphakamisa iintsimbi kwakha.
Ukufudumeza nokupholisa umzimba emva kokuqeqesha umzimba kubizwa ngokuba .
Ngexesha ukuba ufuna ukuphila ubomi obunempilo kwaye womelele.
Ukutya okupakishwe nge kwenza ukuba uzive uhluthi kwaye kukunika amandla owadingayo ekuqeqesheni umzimba wakho.
Iimpendulo: 1- amandla; 2- ii-endofini; 3- uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukuguga; 4-I-osteoporosis; 5- I-erobhiki; 6- izihlunu; 7- amafutha; 8- ukuzolula; 9-emva kwemini nganye; amashumi amathathu; 10-isitatshi.
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Zininzi izifo ezizithatha ngofuzo kubazali bethu nakookhokho bethu. Kuncinane kakhulu de kuphantse kungabikho nto sinokuyenza ukuthintela ezi zifo.
Kodwa ke noxa kunjalo, kukho izifo esizifumana ngenxa yendlela esiphila ngayo.
asiyikhathalelanga imizimba yethu singazifumana ezi zifo.
Ezi zibizwa njengezifo zendlela umntu aphila ngayo.
Le ncwadana inika inkcukacha zolwazi malunga nezinye zezinto onokuzenza ukukhusela ezi zifo.
Khumbula ukuba ngumzimba wakho. Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho. Ngoko ke zikhathalele.
Le ncwadana engokutya ngendlela enempilo yenye yothotho lweencwadana eziqulethe ulwazi.
Ukutya kubalulekile ebomini bempilo yomntu.
Ukutya kukwenza ukuba ubomi bonwabeleke. Cinga indlela thina neentsapho zethu esikonwabela ngayo ukutya okumnandi; nangendlela loo matheko angabi mnandi xa ukutya kungemnandanga.
Noxa sikonwabela ukutya, kubalulekile ukuba sidle ngobulumko. Funda le ncwadana ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni kubaluluke kanga nje ukutya nokuba kukuphi kunganani na ukutya ekufuneka sikudlile.
Gqibani isidudu nobisi lwenu bantwana...
Dudu, kwenzeka njani ukuba isilwanyana esikhulu kangaka sifumane zonke iimfuno zokutya kwaso ngokutya ingca nje kuphela?
Ezi ziifoto zosapho ngudade'thu lowa...
Uyabonakala uRachel ukhangeleka etyebe kakhulu...
Le yimifanekiso exhonyiweyo yesoka / ibhola ekhatywayo yonyana wam. Ngumxhasi omkhulu weBafana Bafana!
NdinguDudu igama lam. Kule ncwadana sithetha ngokutya ngendlela enempilo. Ukutya yiloo nto uyityayo okanye oyiselayo ukuze uhlale uphilile. Kufuneka udle ukutya okufanelekileyo ukuze ube sempilweni, usebenze kakuhle nokuze uphile ixesha elide.
Konke ukutya kunezinto ezimbini ezisigcina siphilile: amadla nezondlo zomzimba/izakha- mzimba.
Imoto kufuneka ibe nepetroli ukuze ihambe. Kwangale ndlela inye, ukutya kunika umzimba wakho amandla okukwazi ukuba ushukume wenze izinto ofuna ukuzenza.
Iindidi ngeendidi zezakha-mzimba zinamagama ohlukileyo kwaye zenza izinto ezingafaniyo emzimbeni wakho. Izakha-mzimba ezakha umzimba wakho kwaye ziwugcine womelele zibizwa ngokuba ziiproteni. Izakha-mzimba ezikukhusela ekuguleni zibizwa ngokuba ziivithamini neeminerali.
Iindidi zonke zokutya azinamlinganiselo wamandla nezakha-mzima ezifanayo.
Oku kutya kuneqela lezakha- mzimba, ivithamini neeminerali, ezikhuselayo.
Khumbula ukuhlamba iziqhamo nemifuno yakho phambi kokuba uyitye.
Izidlo ezilapha ngasentla zinika amandla agqithileyo. Ezinye izidlo ezikolu luhlu ngamantongomane neelentili.
Yintoni isondlo esinempilo?
Isondlo sakho koko kutya ukutya imihla ngemihla. Ukuze ufumane zonke izakha-mzimba kunye namandla owadingayo, kufuneka utye intlobo-ntlobo (iindidi ezininzi) zokutya yonke imihla. Ukufumana isondlo esinempilo, yengeza ekutyeni kwakho kwisidlo ngasinye, ukutya okunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezo zidlo zizizakha-mzimba nesinye okanye ezibini kwezo zizizikhuseli. Zama ukukhetha into engumahluko ngalo lonke ixesha.
Kufuneka utye izidlo ezibini okanye ezithathu ngemini. Esinye sezi zidlo kufuneka sibe kusasa. Abantwana ingakumbi, badinga ukuba bafumane into yokutya phambi kokuba baye esikolweni. Khumbula ukuba abantwana basoloko befuna ukutya phakathi kwezidlo kuba izisu zabo zincinane kwaye abanakutya ukutya okuninzi ngexesha elinye.
Izidlo zekhaya zisilungele isidlo esinempilo. Enyanisweni, ukutya kwemveli okwakutyiwa ngookhokho bakho (okusadliwayo nanamhl'oku luninzi lwabantu) sesona sondlo sinempilo.
Izidlo ezilungileyo ozitya phantse yonke imihla, izidlo ezifana nombona, irayisi, amabele, isonka, iitapile zibizwa ngokuba zizigxina zokutya. Ezi zidlo zikunika amandla kunye nezakha- mzimba kwanezikhuseli ezithile. Ezi zidlo ziyahluthisa. Kuba zintlakekile (azicolwanga), zinokuntlakeka okufanelekileyo kwimpilo yakho.
Ngelishwa uninzi lwabantu luyayibala indlela ezilunge ngayo izidlo zabo zemveli. Aba bantu bakholisa ukuyeka ukutya ukutya kwabo okukokona kona, ngakumbi nje ukuba bakwazi ukufikelela koko kubizayo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu kuyenzeka ukuba isondlo sabo singabisiso esinempilo.
Abantu bengeza izinongo neziqholo (njengekhari, ityuwa ezinonga ukutya, ipelepele, iswekile) kunokutya okwenza ukuba bakuve kumnandi emlonyeni. Inkoliso yezi zinongo neziqholo azinazo kwazakha-mzimba. Nangona umzimba wakho ufuna ityuwa, udinga nje encinane kakhulu ngemini. Zama ukungakusebenzisi ukutya okunetyuwa kakhulu okunje ngephayi neetships.
Amashwam-shwam kukutya okudliwa phakathi kwezidlo. Ukufumana amashwam-shwam phakathi kwezidlo kugcina umzimba wakho usebenza kakuhle imini yonke. Abantwana kufuneka bafumane amashwam-shwam phakathi kwezidlo. Ukufumana ezo ntwanantwana kubalulekile kodwa kufuneka ushwamze ngohlobo lokutya olufanelekileyo. Abantu abaninzi bathanda ukushwamza ngeetships, iiswiti, itshokolethi, iziselo ezihlwahlwazayo, iikeyiki, iibhisikithi, iti nekofu. Zonke ziyabiza emalini.
yipha umntwana wakho ukutya okufana nesonka esinepinathi bhata nejem., iziqhamo nento yokusela efana namanzi, ijusi, okanye ubisi.
khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba athenge iziqhamo kuphela kubathengisi basecaleni kwendlela.
Malunga neziqingatha ezibini ezilinganayo kwisithathu, sobunzima bomzimba womntu senziwe ngamanzi, kwaye zonke izihlunu nemisipha yomzimba zinamanzi.
Amanzi awanazakha-mzimba zingakanani ezifana nezo zifunyanwa kwiindidi zokutya, kodwa ayafuneka empilweni.
Enyanisweni, zonke izidalwa eziphilayo nezilwanyana ngokunjalo, nezityalo, zidinga amanzi.
ncedisa umzimba ekukhupheni ukungcola.
Kuyimfuneko ukuba umntu asele iigilasi zamanzi ezintandathu ngemini, ubuncinane ngemini ukuqinisekisa ukuba umzimba wakho unamanzi awaneleyo. Umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ngamanzi amaninzi xa kushushu, oku kwenzeka ngokubila nangokuchama. Ngeemini ezishushu uziva unxanwa (ufuna ukusela) rhoqo kuba umzimba wakho awunamanzi eneleyo.
Impilo yethu ixhomekeke ekutyeni esikutyayo. Isondlo esinempilo sakukunika amandla awaneleyo nezinye izakha-mzimba ezikhulisayo, ezigcina umzimba uphilile nezinika amandla okusebenza, ukutyala nokwenza izinto ofuna ukuzenza.
Ngowuphi owona mlinganiselo wokutya okunamandla' ulungele ukuba ukudle?
Makhe sijonge umlinganiselo wokutya ofanele ukuba uwitye. Ubungakanani bokutya obutyayo, (ngakumbi obokutya obunamandla angaphaya kubo), buya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zakho. Iindidi ngeendidi zabantu zidinga imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yokutya.
Umntwana udla umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wokutya okunamandla xa ehleli kwizinga elifanelekileyo lobunzima.
Thetha nomongikazi waseklinikhi ukuze akuncede ekuboniseni ubunzima bomzimba wako obububo.
Umntu omdala udla umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wokutya okunamandla xa ehleli kubunzima bomzimba wakhe ofanelekileyo.
Umntu odla kakhulu izidlo ezinika amandla uya kumbona ngokuhlala kubunzima bomazimba wakhe obufanelekileyo. Thetha nonesi wakho waseklinikhi ukuze akuncede ekuboneni ubunzima bomzimba wakho obufanelekileyo.
Xa umntu esitya kakhulu ukutya okunamandla , ngaphezu kokuba ekudinga, oko kutya okungasetyenziswanga kuya kugcinwa njengamafutha emzimbeni wakhe. Lo mntu uya kuya eba mkhulu ngokomzimba. Umntu onobunzima bomzimba obungaphaya uya ngumntu onamafutha agqithisleyo emzimbeni wakhe, Umntu odla odla ukutya okunamandla amancinnane kunalawo awadingayo, buya kuhla ubunzima bakhe kuba umzimba wake uya uya kusebenzisa nawaphi na amafutha onokuwafumana ukuzuza amandla.
Kufuneka ube nesondlo esinempilo kwaye kufuneka udle ukutya okwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zenu ngabanye ngabanye.
Abantu badla ukutya kunamafutha anje ngeetshipsi endaweni yophuthu ngexesha lesidlo sasemini.
Kungani ukuba mkhulu kuyinto engekho mpilweni?
Abantu abakhulu banamafutha amaninzi emizimbeni yabo. Kulula ukuba babe neengxaki zempilo kunabantu abangabakhulwanga.
Ezi ngxaki zempilo zinokwenza ukuba abantu babe nobulima emzimbeni okanye bafe besebatsha. Asiyonto intle ukuba nobunzima obungaphaya, njengoko nibona.
Eyona ndlela ingcono yokohlisa ubunzima bomzimba kukuqeqesha umzimba ngentshukumo nokutya izidlo ezinempilo.
Yitya kakhulu ukutya okuntlakekileyo okunje ngesonka sengqolowa, ihabile, iimbotyi, iilentile, iziqhamo nemifuno.
Oku kutya kuya kukunceda ekunqandeni iphango.
Yitya izidlo ezithathu ngosuku. Qala imini nganye ngesidlo sakusasa. Xa uqakathe isidlo, uyalamba ze ufune ukutya kakhulu ngexesha elilandelayo.
Abantu abaninzi baya kubuhlisa ubunzima bemizimba yabo xa benokutya izixa zokutya okuncinane.
Yitya izixa ezincinci zokutya ngexesha uyeke xa uziva uhluthi.
Ukuba usela amanzi amaninzi phakathi kwezidlo, awuyi kulamba ngokukhawuleza.
Ukusela utywala kwenza ukuba utyebe ngomzimba.
Khuthala ngokushukumisa umzimba kangangoko!
Ezi zezinye zezidlo ezinika amandla ofanele ukuba uzidle/ uzisele kancinci.
Iswekile: Lumkela ukusebenzisa iswekile eninzi ekofini, etini esidudwini. Yiya kancinci eziswitini, iziselo, ubusi, iikeyiki neepudingi.
Ukutya okucolekileyo: Kutye kancinci ukutya okucolekileyo okufana nesonka esimhlophe, irayisi emhlophe, umgubo wesonka omhlophe, inyama enkonkxiweyo nenye enje ngepoloni. Oku kutya kunezinga eliphezulu lamandla kwaye lunezakha-mzimba nezintlakisi ezimbalwa kakhulu.
Amafutha nee-oyile: Amafutha nee-oyile zinezinga eliphezulu lamandla ngoko ke kufanele ukuba zityiwe kancinci kakhulu. Imizekelo yoku kutya yibhotolo amafutha ehagu, itshizi enocwambu olunamafutha amanizi, imajarini, ucwambu olunamafutha, i-oyile, inyama etyebileyo, itshiphsi ezenziwe ngeetapile, isoseji. Mayibe ncinci i-oyile yemifuno oyisebenzisayo, xa uthe wayisebenzisa xa upheka. Susa amanqathe enyameni ususe isikhumba enyameni yenkukhu phambi kokuba uyipheke (ubuninzi bamafutha buphantsi kwesikhumba). Sebenzisa ubisi olunamafutha amancinci endaweni yolo lunamafutha amaninzi.
Iziselo ezibutywala nebhiya: zama ukungasondeli nokusondela kwezi ukuba unokunceda. Ukuba ke awunakuzibamba ekuseleni, zama ukuya kancinci.
Ndinengxaki nobunzima bomzimba wam. Ndityebe kakhulu kwaye nogqirha undixelele ukuba kufuneka ndehlise ubunzima bomzimba wam.
Omnye umhlobo wam ucebise ngelithi ukusela iglasi yamanzi ashushu anejusi yelamuni, qho kusasa, kungandinceda ekwehliseni ubunzima bomzimba wam. Ndiyakwenza oku kodwa andiboni mahluko.
Inye indlela ongancedakala ngayo, kukutya kancinci, ingakumbi ukutya okunamandla, ukuqeqesha umzimba wakho ngentshukumo, nokuzibamba ekutyeni okunje ngeswekile, ukutya okucolekileyo, utywala, I-oyile namafutha.
Khumbula ukuba unobangela wokuba umzimba wakho utyebe kukuba ubusitya ngaphezu kokuba umzimba wakho udinga, ngakumbi ukutya okunamandla amaninzi. Igilasi yamanzi enejusi yelamuni, ngeke ikuncede nje kwaphela. Enyanisweni akukho pilisi, sitofu, isithambiso okanye ummangaliso othile onokususa amafutha emzimbeni.
Ndikuxelele Henry, eyona nto ingcono kukutya isondlo esinempilo. Yahlukana nokutya okunamandla, yitya kakhulu iziqhamo nemifuno, mus'ukutya phakathi kwamaxesha ezidlo, shukumisa umzimba wakho rhoqo. Ngokuqinisekileyo uya kubehlisa ubunzima bomzimba wakho ngolu hlobo.
Ngenye imini ndiye kwagqirha. Uthe ndinoxinzelelo lwegazi. Undixelele ukuba olu xinzelelo lungehla xa ndinokwehlisa ubunzima bomzimba wam.
Ndingatya ntoni ukwehlisa ubunzima bomzimba wam?
Kuza kufuneka utye kancinci, ingakumbi ukutya okunamandla amaninzi. Qinisekisa ukuba udla isondlo esinempilo. Ngamanye amazwi, kufuneka utye ukutya okunezinga eliphezulu lezakha-mzimba, njengentlanzi neembotyi, nokunezakha-mzimba ezikhusela kakhulu, njengemifuno neziqhamo. Yidla izixa ezincinci zokutya.
Lumkela ukutya okunje ngeswekile, ukutya okucolekileyo, amafutha nee-oyile, ibhiya notywala.
Qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa ityuwa encinci ekutyeni kwakho kuba ityuwa eninzi iyingoze empilweni yakho. Kukwabalulekile ukuqeqesha umzimba wakho ngentshukumo, noko kezama iindlela zokuwushukumisa ngenkuthalo. Hamba ngokukhawulezayo kusuku lwesibini ngalunye, ixesha elingangesiqingatha seyure.
Biyela izidlo ezikukutya okunamandla kulo mfanekiso.
Izakha-mzimba ezizizikhuseli (iivithamini neeminerali)?
Biyela ukutya okunezintlakisi.
Jonga le nto ityiwa ngulo mfazi.
Yintoni engalunganga ngesidlo sakhe?
Zobela lo mfazi umfanekiso wesidlo esinempilo esimfaneleyo nesakumnceda ukuba ehlise ubunzima bomzimba wakhe.
Dibana nabahlobo bakho. Cwangcisani izidlo ezinempilo.
Yabelanani ngezimvo zenu.
Iziqhamo nemifuno ziyinxaleye yokubalulekileyo kwisondlo sakho, kutheni ke ungazityaleli ezakho Ijelo lomsele okanye igadi engangocango inkokuba yeyona kulula ukuyiphatha ngokunokwakho. Landela amanyathelo akweli phepha ze uzame ukuzityalela uzikhulisele ukutya kwakho. Ukuba unnengxaki neyaluphi na uhlobo, cela isikolo esikwingingqi yakho ukuba sikuncede?
Qokolela umthwalo wenkunkuma efana nemiphezulu yemifuno, amaxolo, imipha yombona, iintyatyambo ezifileyo nezinye iintsalela zezityalo, amakhoba amaqanda, amathambo kunye nomgquba wasebuhlanti/ esibayeni.
Ungakhe usebenzise iintsalela zenyama, iplastikhi, iglasi okanye uthuthu lwamalahle.
Linganisa ibhedi yokutyala engangocango. Ungayilinganisa ngobubanzi bomhlakulo, nangobude bemilakulo emibini.
Yimba le bhedi yokutyal ibe bubunzulu obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-45 (ubunzulu obungagedolo). Gcina umhlaba wangaphezulu omnyama ungawudibanisi nalowo ungaphantsi.
Zalisa isiqingatha sale bhedi yokutyala ngenkunkuma oyiqokoleleyo. Kufuneka yonke yaphulwe ibe ngamasuncwana amancinane phambi kokuba isetyenziswe.
Fumisa le nkunkuma. Inkunkuma efumileyo yahluka ibe sisondlo somhlaba ngokukhawuleza kunaleyo yomileyo.
Kufuneka ucoleke umhlaba ongaphezulu, ungabi namatye okanye amaqhuma. Umngxuma ovaliweyo ma ube nomphakamo omalunga ne-15 leesentimitha ukusuka emhlabeni.
Unako ke ngoku ukutyala imbewu yakho egadini yakho kwimiqolo enqamleze ibhedi yokutyala.
Yityale ngenkathalo imbewu. Ma ingasondelelani enye nenye. Zogqume ngomhlaba omncinci, ocolekileyo ze uwucinezele lo mhlaba ngocoselelo.
Nkcenkceshela igadi yakho yonke imihla kwiintsuku zokuqala ezilishumi.
Suka izithole egadini yakho xa zimalunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ubude.
Qinisekisa ukuba unengca eyomileyo, amagqabi awomileyo okanye iindiza ezoneleyo zokogquma wonke umhlaba ongaphandle.
Imifuno yakho ekhulayo iya kusebenzisa izondlo zomhlaba ezisemngxunyeni, ngoko ke kufuneka wengeze izivundoso egadini yakho phambi kokuba utyale imbewu entsha kwakulo mhlaba mnye.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UKUTYISA USANA OLUNOMLEBE NENKALAKAHLA ECANDEKILEYO.txt</fn>
U-Christopher okwiqweqwe, wazalwa enokucandeka komlebe nenkalakahla macala omabini. Umlebe wakhe walungiswa xa wayeneenyanga ezi-5 kwaye uqhuba kakuhle kakhulu. Inkalakahla yakhe iya kulungiswa xa emalunga nonyaka.
Iintsana ezinenkalakahla ecandekoleyo isoloko isiba yingxaki ukuzondla ngoba umngxuma osemlonyeni umlomo awohlulwanga kumngxuma wempumlo impumlo. Isiphumo soko, usana alukwazi ukuncanca emlonyeni, ngoko ke kuye kubekho ingxaki ekunncaceni ebeleni nakwibhotile.
Ukuba mandundu kunye nohlobo lokucandeka kwenkalakahla, okohlukayo ukusuka kolunye usana ukuya kolunye, buya kumisela ukuba luyakondliwa njani na. Ukuba ngaba usana lucandeke umlebe kuphela, ziziphumo ezincinane ukuba kukho naziphi na ezinokwenzeka ngexa lokuncancisa. Kukubakhona kwenkalakahla epheleleyo okubalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuncanca.
Intshukumo yale-bolus ukusuka kumphambili womlomo ukuya kumva womlomo, apho iye isiwe khona esiswini. Ngesiqhelo malukwazi ukuphefumla ngempumlo ngexa lincanca ngomlomo.
Xa ingono ifakwa emlonyeni, imilebe mayivalele ingono luze ulwimi luphakame licinezela ingono kwinkalakahla eqinileyo. Ulwimi ke luye lushukume luye emva, luvumela ummandla omkhulu ukuba uvale phakathi kwemilebe nolwimi/ inkalakahla ngaphandle kokuvumela ukuba kungene umoya emngxunyeni. Ngako ke, ihamte (vacuum) liyadaleka luze ubisi lufunxelwe emlonyeni.
Ihamte lithintela ukuba ingono ingaphuncuki emlonyeni kwaye lincede ukuba usana luhlale luyibambile ingono. Imihlathi, ulwimi, izidlele neentsini ziye zicinezele ubisi ukuba luphume ebeleni.
Inkqubo yokondla iyafana nokuba ngowuphi na umthombo wokondla (ibele okanye ibhotyile). Koko isenzo esibandakanyekayo ekutsaleni ubisi ebeleni sohlukile kuneso sibandakanyekayo sokutsala ubisi ebhotileni.
Nesayizi yengono. Ukuphuma kobisi ngexa lokuncancisa ibele kuchatshazelwa kukuba nako kukamama ukuncancisa (ukukhupha ubisi) ngexa, ukuncancisa kukamama kuya kukhula xa ukuncanca kosana kukhula.
a Ubisi lwebele luyinto yenzululwazi ngokusebenza kwamalungu omzimba, enokungabinabo ubucaphu-caphu kwimicu yomzimba njengokunye ukutya kwabantwana. Iinwebu zempumlo yosana olucandekileyo azikhuselekanga, kwaye ubisi lwebele ngekhe lubenzele ubucaphucaphu.
b Ukondla ngebele kubonakala ngathi ngeke kubange iqondo elifanayo loxinzelelo ngaphakathi endlebeni njengoko ukondla ngebhotile kusenza into elungileyo, kuba iintsana ezicandeke iinkalakahla zihlala zinosulelo lwangaphakathi endlebeni. Ukuncanca okusebenzayo luvumela ukulingana koxinzelelo, okwehlisa amathuba osulela ngaphakathi endlebeni.
c Ubisi lwebele lunezilwi ntsholongwane. Luqulethe zombini i-lactoferrin ne-immunoglobis ezithintela usulelo. Iintsana ezicandekileyo ezincanciswa ibele zinenani elisezantsi zosulelo oluxeliweyo.
Nokuba usana londliwa ngebele okanye ibhotile, kufuneka ukuba lunikwe isondlo esoneleyo. Ukuncanca kunoncedo kuba kukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezihlunu zobuso ezifunekayo ukuze kuphume intetho (ukuphuhla kwesandi). Ngaphaya koko, iindlela zokondla usana olusanda kuzalwa zibaluleke kakhulu. Usana oluqhelekileyo luthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-20-30 ukugqiba ukuncanca, oko ke kuvumela ukukhula kunye nesondlo esaneleyo.
Kusana olucandeke inkalakahla, inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokondla iyaphazamiseka ngenxa yoxinzelelo lokuncanca olungaqinanga kunye neengxaki ekuye kuhlangatyezwane nazo xa kuzanywa ukucinezelwa ingono. Kuphela ziintsana ezicandeke umlebe ezingafane zibe neengxaki zokuncanca. Ukucandeka komlebe kodwa, kuye kuphazamisane nokuvala ingono. Oku kuye kubuyekezwe kukuba usana lusebenzise incam yolwimi kunye ne-alveolar ridge (le ndawo iphakamileyo yeentsini ebambe amazinyo) ukuba ivale ingono. Ukungabikho kwesivalo/ukuvaleka kungakhokelela ekuvuzeni kobisi kucandeko. Ukuphakamisa icala elicandekileyo losana xa ulincancisa nokuba kukweliphi na ibele kungathintela ukuba ubisi luvuze.
Kodwa, usana olucandeke inkalakahla alukwazi ukuvala ngasemva emlonyeni kuba umlomo nempumlo azohlulwanga. Oku kuyingxaki kuba isivalo sangasemva, esifunekayo ukuze kuvaleke, asikwazi ukwenzeka. Kwisivalo sangasemva, kufuneka kwakhiwe uxinzelelo emlonyeni ukuze ukuncanca kwenzeke. Kusana olucandeke inkalakahla, ukuzama ukwakha oku kuncanca kufana nokuvuthela ibhaloni egqabhukileyo, Kanjalo, ngaphandle koku kuncanca, usana alunako ukukwazi ukutsala ubisi kwingono. Ngaphandle kokuba nako ukudala uxinzelelo, ukuba ngaba ingono ibekwe emlonyeni wosana, isenzo esizenzekelayo siyakwenza ukuba usana luphakamise ulwimi ukuze lukwazi ukucinezela ingono kwaye lutsale ubisi. Ukungabikho kwenkalakahla kuthetha ukuba ingono iyakutyhalelwa ngqo kucandeko. Oku kukhokelela kwiingxaki ezimbini. Okokuqala, ingono ayicinezelwanga ukuba yoyame kwinkalakahla luncinane, ukuab kukho naluphi na, ubisi olutsalwayo kwaye okwesibini, ukuba ngaba ingono ikucandeko kwaye kutsalwa ubisi, luyakuya ngqo empumlweni kunokuba luye emlonyeni kwaye ubisi luyakuphuma ngamathatha. Ukuphuma kobisi ngempumlo kuye kukhokelele kubisi oluncinane oluginywayo kwaye inkqubo yonke yokuncancisa inokuba nde.
Amava okuncanca kusana olucandekileyo ayadinisa, olunokulala ngexa lincanca kwaye ke lungaseli lonke ubisi lwalo. Ukuba ngaba usana aluseli lubisi lwaneleyo kwisondlo ngasinye, ngeke lube nobunzima obaneleyo kwaye lusenokulahlekelwa bubunzima. Oku kwenziwa kukuba, xa usana luthatha ixesha elininzi ukuncanca, lutshisa iikalori ezininzi ngexa lincanca kunezo lizifumanayo.
Emva kokuncanca, yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba naluphi na usana lulale. Ngexa lokulala, inguqulo yokutya emzimbeni ngokuhqelekileyo iba sezantsi, eye ivumele ukunyuka kobunzima. Ngoko ke, ukuba ngaba usana olucandeke inkalakahla luhlala luvukile ixesha elininzi kuba lithatha ixeha elide ukuncanca, le yeyenye into elithintelayo ukuba lunyuse ubunzima obufanelekileyo. Kungoko ke kubalulekile ukuba ukuncancisa kungadluli kwixesha elifanelekileyo (malunga nemizuzu engama-20-30).
Xa inkqubo yokuncancisa ithatha ixesha , abazali nabo babopheleleka ixesha elide. Ixesha elininzi elichithwa ekuncanciseni, kunye nokunqongophala kwempumelelo, ziye isiphumo zaso ibe kukukhathazeka okuphezulu kubuzali.
Uhlobo locandeko oluneempembelelo kwimpumelelo yokuncancisa ibele. Ukuncancisa ibele usana olunocandeko olucalanye kunokwenziwa lula ukuba ngaba ingono ibekwa kwicala lomlomo elingachaphazelekanga. Usana kwakhona kufuneka lubanjwe ngendlela yokuba ukucandeka kuhlale kujonge phezulu. Oku kuthintela ukuba ubisi luphume emlonyeni into enokwenzeka ukuba ngaba ucandelo lujongiswe ezantsi.
Ukunciphisa ukubamba kunye nokuncanca okulambathayo, umama kufuneka ayibambe emlonyeni ingono ngexesha lokuncancisa. Isogqumi ngono kunye netiti nazo zinokusetyenziswa.
Oomama kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba bancancise ngeendlela ezohlukeneyo ukwenzela ukuqonda ukuba yeyiphi indlela ebasebenzelayo, umzekelo ukubamba usana lukwimo engqalileyo engonweni. Oku kunciphisa ithuba lokutsarhwa kunye nokuba ubisi luye empumlweni. Ukuba ngaba ubisi lwebele luvuzela empumlweni, ngoba lulwelo lwendalo lomzimba, alutyabuli iinwebu zangaphakathi.
Ngesiqhelo ukuncancisa makungathathi ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30 kwaye indlela yokuncancisa ngebele kufuneka imiselwe msinyane nje emva kokubeleka. Usana lunokuncanciswa rhoqo kunosana olungacandekanga, malunga nakwiiyure ezintathu.
I-obturator nayo inokuba luncedo. Esi sisixhobo sokunyanga izifo zamathambo, okanye i-plate, esetyenziswa ukuvala ukucandeka kwinkalakahla. Oku kuvumela ukuba ukuncancisa kuphumelela ngeendlela zonke. Oomama banokuzama kwakhona ukufaka ibele phakathi kweminwe yabo kunye nobhontsi becinezela ibele ukwenzela ukunceda ukuphuma kobisi. Ukubeka incam yomnwe kucandeko lomlebe kuyakunceda ukwenza isiciko esingcono ukuze kuncanceke.
a Usana lunokungabinakho ukubamba kunye nokuncanca kakuhle, kwaye okunxulumene noku lunyino lokubanako ukwenza uxinzelelo olungaphakathi komlomo.
b Ukukhathazeka kunokwehlela bobabini umama nosana njengoko isiphumo sexesha lokondla sinokutsala, kuba usana lusokola ukuncanca.
c Izinga lokuphuma kobisi lisezantsi, iziphumo zoko ke kukuba usana lungondleki kakuhle. Yiloo nto ke ukunyusa ubunzima kuyinto ekhathaza kakhulu d Ngexa lokuncancisa ibele kunzima ukutsho ukuba lubisi olungakanani oludontsiweyo lwaze lwaginywa. Ukusetyenziswa kobusi olukhanyiweyo ebeleni kungayisombulula le ngxaki. Qiniseka ukuba umntwana ulimanzisa kakhulu ngokwaneleyo ileyile lakhe. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba akomi.
e Oomama bangehlelwa kukugcwala kwamabele ukuba ngaba usana alutsali bisi lwaneleyo.
Ukukhama ubisi kunye nokuncancisa ngebhotile ethambileyo kwenza ukuba usana luxhamle ekuncanceni ubisi lwebele, kodwa ngaphandle kweengxaki zenkqubo yokuncancisa ibele.
Ukuba ngaba ukuncancisa ngebele kuyaphumelela, kuyonelisa, kodwa, ukuba ngaba akusebenzi, oomama banokunikwa indlela yokukhama ibele kwaye bondle ngezinye iindlela zokondla. Nangona umama kufuneka asoloko ekhuthazwa ukuba azame ukuncancisa ngebele, kwizehlo ezininzi, kuye kungaphumeleli.
Ukondla ngebhotile kuyakhetheka kunokondla ngecephe okanye i-nasogastric tube, ngoba inika amava okuncanca, abalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwentetho kunye nemihlathi. Ukuncancisa ibele kuhlala kusoloko kunzima, ukuncancisa ibhotile kumaxesha amaninzi kuba kokona kukhethwayo. Ukuba kuyenzeka, malukhanywe ubisi lwebele luze lunikwe ngebhotile.
Usana kufuneka lubanjwe ngokwendlela emileyo. Le yindlela yendalo, evumela ukuba umbizane womhlaba uncede ukuba ubisi luvuzele ezantsi. Kwaye ikwanceda ekuthinteleni ukuba ubisi lungagcwali kwiityhubu ze-Eustachian kunye nakwiindlebe ngaphakathi.
Okukhethekayo kukuba ibe yititi ethambileyo yerabha kune-silicon. Ititi ingabiliswa amaxesha amaninzi ukwenzela ukuba ithambe. Ititi ebanzi emcaba efana ne"Nuk" kunye nezinye ezinemilo efana nayo ziluncedo kwiintsana ezicandeke inkalakahla, kwaye zinokukhethwa ngoogqirha bamazinyo. Enye ititi eluncedo yeyerabha ye-Pigeon, enosiko olungunxantathu. Ibhotile enokucinezeleka nayo inokuba luncedo, kunaleyo iqinileyo, ngoba unokuncedisa ufake ubisi kumlomo wosana ngokuyicinezela ibhotile.
Ititi enomngxuma omkhulu kunoqhelekileyo okanye esikwe ngokunqamlezileyo inokunceda ukuba ubisi luhambe. Oku kwenziwa kukuba ukudontsa kunzima, kwaye usana ludinwa ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa umngxuma akufuneki ukuba ube mkhulu kakhulu ngendlela yokuba ubisi luvuze xa ibhotile ithanjekisiwe, ngoba umntwana uyakutsarhwa. Endaweni yoko ubisi lungathontsiza kancinane. Ukwenza umngxuma omkhulu, sebenzisa inaliti etshisiweyo. Ukutshisa ititi inqamleze, yiphendule, uze usike unqamlezo olumalunga ne-5mm ngokunqamlezileyo usebenzisa ireyiza ebulewe iintsholongwane. Uze ke uphinde uyiphendule ititi ngendlela eyiyo.
Ukuncanca kunzima kumntwana ocandeke inkalakahla ngoko ke umntwana uye adinwe msinyane. Ukwenza ukuba ukuncancisa kube lula, ititi enomngxuma omkhulu kunoqhelekileyo, okanye ititi esikwe ngokunqamlezileyo, inokusetyenziswa ngoba yenza ukuba ubisi luphume lula.
Nayiphi na indibaniselwano yetiti kunye nebhotile elungileyo yeyona kufuneka isetyenziswe! Ukuqonda ukuba indibaniselwano ilungile okanye ayilunganga na, umntwana kufuneka ancance kakuhle, ongeze ubunzima, kwaye kufuneka uzive ukhululekile ngokumncancisa. Ukuab ngaba usana lunako ngebhotile kunye netiti eziqhelekileyo, yisebenzise ke ngoko ngandlela zonke. Nokuba kokuphi okukhethayo, kufuneka kufumaneke kwaye kufikeleleke. Ngaphaya koko, inani leetiti ezikhethekileyo zenzelwe usana olucandeke inkalakahla.
Ibhotile yenziwe yathamba, iyiplastiki ecinezelekayo, kwaye inemilo "emcaba" okanye embhoxo. Oku kuvumela ukuba umkhathaleli akwazi ukuyicinezela ngokwaneleyo ukunceda usana ukuba lufumane umthamo owoneleyo wobisi.
Ititi inde kwaye incinane kunezinye iititi eziqhelekileyo, kwaye isikwe ngokunqamlezileyo ekupheleni. Umsiko onqamlezileyo awuluvumeli ubisi ukuba luvuze ukuba ngaba usana aluyilumi okanye aluyincanci ititi. Kuphela kuxa usana luzama ukuncanca apho ubisi luphuma khona. Ukuhambelana phakathi kokuncanca kosana kunye nokucinezela komkhathaleli kuyamiseleka.
Phantse nayiphi na ititi inokufakwa kwibhotile ye-Mead-Johnson, kwaye nangona ukuvuza kusenzeka kumaxa athile ngetiti eyahlukileyo, oku akothusi, yibhibhi kuphela efunekayo.
Iibhotile zakwa-Mead-Johnson ziyafumaneka eMzantsi Afrika, nangona zingafumaneki kwikhemisti yakho oyiqhelileyo.
Ivalvu engumsiko evuleleka kwititi enokumiswa ngendlela yokulawula ukuphuma kobisi okuya kwiqanda, ukuphuma okuphakathi, kunye nokuphuma okuphezulu.
Ititi ethambileyo inokucinezelwa kakuhle ize ikhululwe ukwenzela ukuba ihambelane/ivuze imizamo yokuncanca kosana.
Le bhotile ixabiso layo lixhomile.
(Jonga kwiphepha le-13). I-Feeder iza njengeyunithi, kuqukwa ibhotile, isiciko, idiski, ivalvu kunye nengono.
Akwenziwa isincomo sayo i- Haberman Feeder kwiintsana ezineengxaki zokuginya njengezo zinengxaki ekususeni ubisi emlonyeni lusiya emqaleni.
Ititi kufuneka ukuba ibekwe emlonyeni wosana ukuze ilale phantsi kweshelufa yethambo lenkalakahla okanye kwipleyiti yokondla. Oku kuvumela ukuba usana lucinezele ulwimi lwalo, kunye netiti, ethanjeni kwaye ngokwenza oko lutsale ubisi. Ukuba ngaba ititi ibanjwe yema nkqo emlonyeni wosana, iyakucinezeleka kwinkalakahla kwaye ubisi luya kuya empumlweni kunye nasemlonyeni.
Kuba usana lungaginya umoya omninzi ngexa lincanca, kufuneka lubhodliswe rhoqo, kwimizuzu embalwa. Ukuba ngaba usana luyarhaxwa, ukuncancisa makunqunyanyiswe, malulaliswe ngesisu emadolweni akho kwaye uluphulule kakhulu ngomva wesandla sakho phakathi kwamagxalaba. Uze ke wosule ubisi empumlweni. Ukuba ngaba ukutsarhwa kuyaqhuba, kufuneka usana luncanciswe kancinane, kwaye ubisi lungaze lubetheke emva emqaleni. Ititi enomngxuma omncianen, ekhuphela ubisi emlonyeni kancinane ngexesha elinye, nayo inokunceda ukuthintela ukutsarhwa.
Inokuba yinkqubo ecothayo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba umzali abe nomonde kwaye aphole, kwaye athathe ixesha elaneleyo lokondla. Ukuncancisa ngee kuthathe ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-45 qho kwiiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4. Usana kufuneka luhlale lubanjiwe, ngothando, luphululwa kwaye kuthethwa nalo. Eli lelona xesha libalulekileyo lobudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kukamama nosana.
Ukubaluleka kokuncanca kuxinzelelwe, kodwa ukuba ngaba ukuncancisa ibele kunye nebhotile akuphumeleli, okanye ukuba ngaba ugqirha wenza utyando kwinkalakahla unokwenza isincomo sokunqunyanyiswa okwexeshana kwezi ndlela ngexa lokuchacha, ezinye iindlela zinokuzanywa nazo. Ezi ziquka ukutyisa ngemagi, isirinji, i-dropper okanye itisipuni.
Ukondla ngemagi yenye indlela elungileyo, kuba ikhuselekile, icocekile, ilula kwaye iyafikeleleka, kwaye inokusetyenziswa ekukhameni ubisi lwebele. Sebenzisa imagi encinane efana neMagi yoKondla yomNtwana (Baby Cup Feeder) efumanekayo kwiimveliso zakwa-Medela*. Yihlambe uyibulale iintsholongwane imagi uze ugalele isiqingatha sobisi. Hlalisa umntwana ethangeni lakho, uxhase intloko yakhe. Unokuzisonga iingalo zakhe ukwenzela ukuba angayingqubi imagi. Sondeza imagi emilebeni yakhe, kwaye xa ewuvula umlomo wakhe, thambekisa imagi. Uyakusela ke ubisi emagini. Ungalugaleli emlonyeni wakhe ubisi. Mphumze phakathi kokusela. Uyakusela ngexesha lakhe kwaye alawule ukusela ubisi lwakhe. Xa onele, uyakuvala umlomo wakhe angavumi ukusela kwakhona.
Ukondla ngecephe kuhamba kancinane kakhulu, kodwa kunokusetyenziswa njengenye indlela xa ezinye iindlela zingaphumelelanga.
Le yindlela yokugqibela esetyenziswa ukondla usana olucandeke inkalakahla. Ityhubhu ifakwa nempumlweni yosana, ize ingqaliswe kummizo, idlula kumbhobho womoya, luze ubisi lugalelwe kwityhubhu. Yindlela engenzi ntshukumo, ngoba usana zi mzamo kwaphela, kodwa yeyona ndlela ithembekileyo eyenza ukuba abe mkhulu kwaye enyuse nobunzima. Ikhuthazwa ngamandla into yokuba ancance idami umzekelo i-Nuka Orthodontic dummy, ingakumbi ngamaxa okondla. Oku kuya kukhulisa indlela yokuncanca ngokuzenzekelayo, ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni kwemihlathi kunye nokuthetha. Iyakufundisa usana kwakhona ukuba ngexa luncanca, isisu salo siyagcwala! Ukongeza. Usana kufuneka lubanjwe ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuncancisa. Xa kufezekile, ukondla nge-naso-gastric kufuneka kunqunyanyiswe ngoko nangoko.
Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela yokondla esetyenziswayo, kubalulekile ukugtcina zonke iindawo ezijikeleze ucandeko zicocekile. Emva kokuba umntwana etyisiwe, mnike amanzi abilisiweyo aze apholiswa ngebhotile ukwenzela ukususa ukutya okuseleyo kucandeko. Umcinga onekhothini omanzi (cotton bud) nawo unokusetyenziswa ukucoca ucandeko. Ukuba ngaba ukutya kuyekiwe ukuze kupakane, kuyakudibana nokukhutshwa ziimpumlo kunye nomlomo kuze kwenze iqweqwe, olunokubanga usulelo kule ndawo.
Ilizwi lokugqibela lenkuthazo: Ngokongezeka kobunzima usana luyakuba lukhulu kwaye lomelele, ekugqibeleni luyakukwazi ukusebenzisa nokuba yeyiphi na ititi kunye nebhotile, okanye luye ngqo emagini. Ayiyomfuneko ukulibazisa ukulumla usana olucandekileyo, kwaye kufuneka luphathwe ngokuqhelekileyo kangangoko.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ULAWULO LWENZULULWAZI NGEEMBASA NEMILIBO.txt</fn>
Ulawulo lweenzululwazi ngeembasa nemilibo lujongene nokubhalisa izinto ezimele iimbasa nemilibo, njenge-coat of arms, iibheji neminye imifuziselo efana neeflegi, itywina enesitampu, iimbasa namagama kwaneeyunifom zemibutho namaziko.
Ukwenza neminye imisebenzi enokunikwa nguMphathiswa, ikhansile yenzululwazi yeembasa nemilibo okanye ikomiti yayo ngokuhambelana noMthetho.
Ngaphaya kwale misebenzi ikhethekileyo yenzululwazi lweembasa nemilibo, uLawulo ngeNkqubo zokuFikelela, inoxanduva lokupapasha nokwazisa imiQondiso yeSizwe, nokwenziwa ubu-Afrika kwemiqondiso yeeMbasa neMilibo oko kusenziwa ngophando, nokukhuselwa kweMiqondiso yeSizwe njengento yengqiqo nengqondo yeSizwe. Impumelelo yoLawulo lwenzululwazi ngeembasa nemilibo zicace gca kwimpumelelo yophuhliso nokunikezelwa kwee-oda ezintsha zeLizwe, iFlegi entsha yeLizwe, iCoat of Arms kunye nomhobe weSizwe odibeneyo.
Injongo yokugcina iimbalo zakudala ezibalulekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba iirekhodi ziyafikeleleka kuluntu, ezo zingaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini. Indawo yeLizwe, yokuGcina iiMbalo zamandulo ezibalulekileyo kunye neeNkonzo zeeRekhodi zivuliwe ukuba zifikelelwe luluntu ukususela ngoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu ukuthathela kwintsimbi yesi- 8:00 - 16:00, nangoMgqibelo wesithathu wenyanga nganye ukusukela ngentsimbi ye-09:00 ukuya kweye- 13:00.
Indawo yelizwe, yokugcina iimbalo zamandulo ezibalulekileyo, yasekwa kukubhengezwa koMthetho woMzantsi Afrika weNdawo yeLizwe, yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo (uMthetho ongu Nombolo 43 wowe- 1996) njengoko uhlonyelwe. Eli suntswana lowiso-mthetho layziguqula iiNkonzo zeNdawo yeLizwe, yokuGcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo, eyayikho ngaphambili layenza ukuba ibe yinNdawo yeLizwe, yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo ejongo yayo kunye nesakhiwo sayo sibonisa imeko yopolitiko yexesha elingasemva kwelo lengcinezelo.
Indawo yeSizwe, yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo inoxanduva lokufumana, ukugcina nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweerekhodi zoluntu nezo ingezozoluntu, ezixabiso lazo linokunyamezela lithathe ixesha; ukugcina inkqubo yolwazi lweembalo ezibalulekileyo, zesizwe, ezfakwe ematshinini wokuba kuzenzekele ukufunyanwa kwayo kwakhona, ukunika umgangatho wenkxaso yamaphondo kwiinkonzo zeeNdawo zokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo. IiNdawo zokugcina iiMalo ezibalulekileyo zimisela indawo ebalulekileyo yelifa lesizwe kwaye ziyindlela yokuqaqambisa ubunto besizwe, ukwakhiwa kwesizwe kunye nokugunyaziswa kwabo babefudula bengenamathuba.
INdawo yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo zikwangumjelo ongundoqo ekwenzeni ukuba oorhulumente babe nokuziphendulela izenzo zabo kuluntu. Ngokuphucula izinga lokuba nokufikelela kwiindawo zokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo koluntu, izenzo zikarhulumente zitsho zibe phandle, kungabikho magumgedle. Kwangokunjalo, iindawo zokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo zikwaqulethe ubungqina bamaxwebhu afunekayo ukukhusela abemi ngabanye kunye namaqela. Indima enkulu yeendawo zesizwe zokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo ayiwabonisi amava zoninzi lwabemi boMzantsi Afrika.
umzekelo abantu boMzantsi Afrika ababengabekwa nawo yingcinezelo, amabhinqa njalonjalo. Indawo yeLizwe, yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo iqalise iinkqubo zembali ebaliswa ngomlomo ukwenzela ukubhala nokugcina imbali namava abantu abangetheni ngolo hlobo athathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokwenza ugcino olubandakanya wonke ubani loluntu loMzantsi Afrika oluntlobontlobo.
INdawo yeSizwe, yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo igcina iirejista zesizwe zeerekhodi ezingezizo ezabantu nezinexabiso. Ngaphezu koko ikhuthaza intsebenziswano noqhagamshelwano phakathi kwamaziko adlala indima ekuqokolelweni nasekugcinweni kweerekhodi ezingezizo ezoluntu.
NgeeNkqubo zokuFikelela eluntwini, iNdawo, yesizwe yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo ijonge ukuba ifikelele kumalungu oluntu angazi nto ngobukho okanye umsebenzi wezi ndawo zembali. Le nkqubo itsolise ukusetyenziswa kwezi ndawo zokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo "ngokusa ezi ndawo ebantwini" oko ikwenza ngokutyelela amaziko emfundo noluntu loMzantsi Afrika nangemiboniso, iimini ezivulelwe uwonkewonke nokuphunyezwa kweenkonzo zoluntu okusebenza ngempumelelo.
Indawo yeSizwe yokugcima iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo zenza zikwagcina inkqubo yembumbulu-lwazi eya kukhuthaza ukufikelela kulwazi ukulungiselela iimfuno zolwazi eziziintlobo ngeentlobo ukuxhasa uphuhliso loluntu lulonke.
IMithetho elawula le misebenzi yeNdawo yeLizwe yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo nguMthetho weKhansile yeSizwe yamaThala eencwadi noweeNkonzo zoLwazi uMthetho, 2001; uMthetho woMzantsi wamaThala eencwadi wowe-, 1998; uMthetho woMzantsi Afrika olungiselelwe abangaboniyo wowe- 1998; noMthetho wokubekwa kwezoMthetho wowe-1997.
UMthetho wokuBeka ezoMthetho uqinisekisa ukuba ikopi enye yoxwebhu ngalunye olupapashwe eMzantsi Afrika ithunyelwa simahla kwizitora kulo lonke ilizwe. Ngalo Mthetho, ilifa elibubutyebi boMzantsi Afrika liyagcinwa ze lilungiselelwe ukuba lifikeleleke kuluntu ngokubanzi.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ULUHLU LWEMIBUZO.txt</fn>
Umbuzo: Kwenzeka ntoni xa ilungu lingaligcini ixesha elimisiweyo lohlolo ngokwemiqathango yoMmiselo wama-28?
Umbuzo: Ngubani owenza isigqibo malunga nokuba semthethweni kwexesha lokugula okanye lokufanelekela unyango?
Impendulo: uThandile uyawukwenza isincomo apho iNtloko ye-Ofisi yenza isigqibo.
Umbuzo: Kutheni ilungu/umsebenzi kufuneka ayokuhlolwa kwingcali?
Impendulo: Ngokwesincomo sikaThandile ngokwemiqathango yepolisi ye-DPSA, i-SAPS yenza isigqibo ngokwemiqathango yoMmiselo wama-28 sokuba umsebenzi kufuneka abone ingcali ngesincomo esisiso ngokuba nako kwelungu okanye ukuya kufumana imbono yesibini - inyanzelekile kwisehlo seemeko zengqondo.
Umbuzo: Ingaba ilungu/umsebenzi unelungelo lekopi yeengxelo zonyango?
Impendulo: Ewe, kufuneka acele ngokubhalwe phantsi ukuba i-Ofisi eyiNtloko inike ikopi yengxelo. Ayihambi ngenkqubo "yoFikelelo kuLwazi". Ilungu kufuneka likhombise ngqo ukuba ingxelo kufuneka ithunyelwe phi ukukhusela ubumfihlo bayo.
Umbuzo: Kutheni uThandile anganiki ulwazi?
Impendulo: Isivumelwano sesokuba i-SAPS iyakunika ulwazi hayi uThandile. BangabaPhathi beNgozi kwiMpilo. I-SAPS ithatha zonke izigqibo kwaye iyakunika nolo lwazi. Ngale ndlela, ubumfihlo bukhuselekile.
Umbuzo: Kutheni kufuneka isicelo senziwe sekhefu lokungabinakho ukuba ngaba ukwenzakala usemsebenzini kuyabandakanyeka?
Impendulo: Siyenziwa ukumisela ukuba ingaba ixesha lokungabikho lisemthethweni ukuba ngaba imeko yonyango yelungu ithathelwa ingqalelo. Iyakuchaphazela ikhefu lokugula, ngamanye amazwi ukuba ngaba ilungu alikho ixesha elide, inxenye ethile iya kuba likhefu lokungabinakho eliseleyo ibe likhefu lokuphumla lokugula okanye ikhefu elingahlawulelwayo.
Umbuzo: Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kugqitywe ekubeni iinkonzo zelungu mazigcinwe lize ke ilungu lingabuyeli emsebenzini?
Umbuzo: Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ilungu lifake isikhalazo ngokwaliwa kwesicelo sokungabinakho ngokwezonyango?
Impendulo: Ukuba ngaba ilungu lifake isikhalazo kwaye siphumelele, liyakufumana umvuzo wexesha ebelingekho ngalo. Ukuba ngaba aliphumelelanga, aliyi kufumana nawuphi na umvuzo wexesha ebelingekho ngalo, ngaphandle kokuba licele ukuba ukungabikho kutshintshwe kwenziwe ikhefu leholide.
Umbuzo: Kutheni izaziso zamaxesha amiselwe uhlolo kufuneka zinikwe ngqo ilungu?
Impendulo: Kwenzelwa ukuba kungabikho ukungaqondani malunga nexesha kunye nomhla wexesha elimiselweyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba liyazi ngexesha elimiselweyo. Ukuba ngaba ixesha elimiselweyo aligcinwanga, iyakuba yimfanelo yomsebenzi eyokuhlawula.
Umbuzo: Ingaba ilungu/umsebenzi angalirhoxisa ixesha elimiselweyo?
Impendulo: Hayi, ngumyalelo okuMmiselo wama-28. Ukuba ngaba ilungu alikwazi ukugcina ixesha elimiselweyo, i-Ofisi eyiNtloko noLawulo lweMicimbi yabaSebenzi kufuneka baziswe. i-Ofisi eyiNtloko iyakumisela ukuba ngaba sisiso na isizathu sokurhoxisa, umzekelo amalungiselelo omtshato kunye nokubekela iiholide akwamkelekanga. Ngaphandle kokuba zizizathu ezivakalayo zempilo.
Impendulo: Ewe, ukuba ngaba ilungu belisebenza kummandla we-bilharzia ne-malaria kwaye iziphumo zegazi ziyangqina ukuba umntu unazo. UMmiselo 689 (a) ibhodi mayibanjwe kwaye bonke ubungqina buyakuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Umbuzo: Ingaba ibhodi kufuneka ihlanganiswe ukuba ngaba ilungu linokudakumba okanye i-PTSD ngexa yeemeko zalo zobuqu?
Impendulo: Hayi, kuba belingasebenzeli umqeshi. Amaxwebhu okwenzakala agcwaliswa njengowomntu obengekho msebenzini kwaye afayilwe ngokwemiqathango ye-SO 125 . Ilungu kufuneka likhankanye kwingxelo yalo ukuba kungenxa yeemeko zobuqu.
Umbuzo: Ingaba iingozi ezenzeke ngaphandle komsebenzi kufuneka zidluliselwe kwi-Ofisi eyiNtloko ukuze kwenziwe isigqibo?
Impendulo: Ewe, zifakwa kwikhompyutha ukwenzela ukuba ulwazi lufumaneke okanye ukwenzela ukuba i-akhawunti ithathwe njengokuba yenzeke ngaphandle emsebenzini, ngentlawulo.
Umbuzo: Umsebenzi ebesusa ingca, walunywa yinyosi, ingaba kukuba semsebenzini oko?
Impendulo: Ukuba ngaba umsebenzi (umsebenzi ngomhlaba) usebenzela umqeshi wakhe, kukuba semsebenzini oko.
Umbuzo: Igosa lasebupoliseni lisekhaya kwaye likumsebenzi wobulalela. Isithuthi sikaRhulumente sinevili eliphume umoya. Lenzakalisa umqolo walo. Ingaba kukuba semsebenzini oko okanye kukungabikho msebenzini?
Impendulo: Kukuba semsebenzini. Usebenzela i-SAPS kwaye ngumsebenzi walo osemthethweni.
Umbuzo: Abaphangi baqhekeza emzini welungu lize lijongane nabo bongubutshaba lize lidutyulwe emlenzeni. Ingaba kukuba semsebenzini oko?
Impendulo: Hayi. Belikhusela ipropati yalo kwaye belisenza okusemdleni walo hayi okusemdleni womqeshi.
Umbuzo: Ngubani ekufuneka axele ukwenzakala emsebenzini kuMkomishinala wemiVuzo?
Umbuzo: Nguba bani omisela ukungabinako okusisigxina?
Umbuzo: Yintoni eyenzekayo ukuba ngaba i-akhawunti ihlawulwe yi-SAPS ibe ingekokwenzakala emsebenzini?
Impendulo: Iintlawulo ezingaphaya zokwenzakala emsebenzini ziye zithathwe ngoko nangoko. Ilungu/umniki nkonzo kufuneka aziswe kwaye ii-akhawunti zexa elizayo kufuneka zingeniswe kwiNgxowa-mali yoNyango (Medical Fund).
Umbuzo: Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ngaba i-Polmed iyihlawulile i-akhawunti kuze ngokuqinisekileyo ibe kukwenzakala emsebenzini?
Impendulo: I-Polmed iye iyifune imali ukuba ibuyele kuyo iyifuna kumniki nkonzo zize ii-akhawunti zinikwe iCandelo lokweNzakala eMsebenzini.
Umbuzo; Leliphi ixesha ekufuneka ukwenzakala usemsebenzini kugqitywe ngalo?
Impendulo: Ziinyanga ezintathu. Ukuba akunjalo, kuya kuba kokwelungu ngokuphathelene nentlawulo yee-akhawunti.
Impendulo: Inkomanda okanye umthunywa wayo (umntu osebenza ngeebhodi kumgangatho wesititshi).
Umbuzo: Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndingavumelani noKwenzakala eMsebenzini?
Impendulo: Umsebenzi angabeka ingxoxo yakhe okanye afake isikhalazo. Ubungqina obutsha bungangeniswa. Imivuzo kungayelwa uluvo kuyo.
Kunzima ukwenza izigqibo ngomnxeba ukuba ngaba umntu akanawo onke amaxwebhu afumanekayo. Ngoko ke, kwenziwa isincomo sokuba ukwenzakala/iibhodi ze-PTSD zigqitywe kwaye zidluliselwe kwi-Ofisi eyiNtloko ukuze kwenziwe isigqibo. Oku kungasentla yimizekelo embalwa kuphela. Isehlo ngasinye siyakugwetywa ngokobungqina kunye neengxelo zonyango.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ULUNTU EKUJOLISWE KULO.txt</fn>
Ukuseka iinkampani ze BEE namaSebe kaRhulumente afuna iishedi ezilinganayo zeBEE.
Amaqumrhu engxowa-mali yabafazi yexesha elizayo.
Injongo yeNkxaso yamaShishini kukukhuthaza inkcubeko yoshishino phakathi Kwabantu Ebebekade Behlelelekile(HDP) ukunceda amashishini asele ekho eHDP nokulungelelanisa inguqu kumashishini Abantu Ebengahlelelekanga.
Injongo yotyalo lwentengiso ye BEE kukuvuselela ugcino-mali notyalo. Inkqubo yotyalo lwentengiso.I programu yotyalo lwentengiso iza kwalatha amathuba afanelekileyo okufumana ukufakwa kwiinkampani ezibhaliswe kwiJSE kwakhona - ithengise izabelo kwi HDP ngesaphulelo. Le iza kwenziwa ngokobudlelwane nenkampani ekujoliswe kuyo namaqela afanelekileyo e BEE. naza kuthi akwazi ukuphendula ngokubhekiselele kwiinkampani zeBEE ekujoliswe kuzo ize incede ingcibe ubudlelwane be BEE.
Injongo zoPhuhliso lweeLali noLuntu kukuphucula indlela yokufunyanwa kwengxowa-mali neenkonzo zokuxhasa amashishini kulungiselelwa abona Bantu bahluphekileyo namalungu avinjwe amathuba . Eyona njongo kukuxhasa uluntu neeprojekthi zophuhliso, ingakumbi ezo zidibanisa iqela labafazi, ulutsha nabakhubazekileyo. Into eza kuqinisekisa inguqu kubantu ebebekade behluphekile kwimimandla yoqoqosho.
Inkxaso yamaShishini iya kunceda Abantu Ebebekade Behlelekile (HDP's) I HDP ibhekisa kwabo bafumene intlungu phantsi kwengcinezelo yocalu-calulo ngenxa yebala, iyinto ekubhekiswa kuyo kuBantu abaMnyama baseMzantsi-Afrika (amaAfrikana, abeBala, kunye nama-Indiya).
Inkxaso yamaShishini iya kunikwa abo kukho ukuthatha inkxaxheba kwe HDP kubunini nakulawulo lwamashishini. Abaceli kufuneka babonakalise uthatho-nxaxheba olululo kuthatho-zigqibo zebhodi, zesigqeba solawulo, zokuphatha nakumgangatho wokusebenza.
Kufuneka kubekho isuntswana lengozi kwi HDP ukwenzela ukuthatha ilinge. Oosomashishini mabancedise kweli linge, ngezi mali nangezinye iindlela.
Imkxaso yamaShishini inokuxhasa amalinge angalawulwa ngabaMnyama, ukubangaba kukho iplani ecacileyo eqinisekisa ubunini /ulawulo olunentsingiselo ngokwesithuba esivakalayo.
Inkxaso yamaShishini iya kuqala ngaloo mashishini abonakala ephilile. Kufuneka amashishini abe nempumelelo kangangokuba akwazi nokubuyisa nasiphina isixa-mali ngexesha lokuqhutywa kweshishini.
Inkxaso yamaShishini iya kunceda loo mashishini naloo malinge athobela imithetho yase Mzantsi Afrika. Lawo asebenza engenazo iilayisensi nobhaliso olululo okanye ophula nawuphi na umthetho , akazokuxhaswa.
Lusuka kuma R3m ukuya kuma R10m. Kwiimeko ezizodwa inokuphela kuma R20m.
Ukulungelelanisa amashishini amatsha anabaniniwo nabalawuli abaMnyama abanesakhono/ingqondo yokuba ngamashishini amancinci naphakathi aphilileyo.
Utyalo-mali okokuqala lusetyenziselwa ukukhupha imali zokwandisa amashishini.
Amatyala akwaziyo ukutshintshwa atshintshwe abe zizabelo ezingenanzala zexesha elizayo.
Uphuhliso lweelali neloluntu lwenza uluntu lukwazi ukufumana izabelo (equity) kwi-projekthi engenisa umvuzo nto leyo eza kubangela ukuphakama koqoqosho kwimimandla ebikade ihlelelekile.
Uphuhliso lweelali nololuntu luya kunika ingqwalasela kuqala kwiiprojekthi.
Ezinezibonelelo ezomeleleyo. Ezo ziquka ukusekwa kwamathuba amatsha engqesho kwimimandla yoqoqosho ebikade ihlelelekile.
Uphuhliso lweelali nololuntu luya kutyala imali kwiiprojekthi ezinabanye abatyali-zimali okanye abakhupha inkxaso-mali. Inkxaso-mali iya kuba kwinxenye yotyalo-mali kwi projekthi yoluntu..
Akukho siqhobosho kudidi lombutho oxhaswayo.
Iindidi eziyintloko zentengiselwano.
Jonga iimfuno zemali ezifunekayo ukulungiselela amashishini ujonge nohlobo lwentengiso emalwenziwe.ukuqalisa, ukwanda, okanye ukuthenga ngaphakathi, nokuthenga ngaphandle.
Nayiphi na into ifuna imali, nokuba lishishini elitsha, ishishini elikhulayo, okanye esele likho koko lifuna ukutshintsha ubunini. Inyathelo lokuqala kukujonga ukuba ingakananina imali efunekayo. Ingaba kukuthenga ishishini okanye kukufumana inxenye yeshishini, ingakanani imali efunekayoUkuba yeyokwandisa -ingaba ingakanani imali efunekayo?
Ukuba yeyokuqalisa- ingaba yimalini efunekayo?
Buza umbuzo: Ingaba intengiselwano yotyalo-mali iyavumelana nomgaqo wokulinganisa?
Sithemba ukuba ukuqalisa uthetha-thethwano kukucela usomashishini ukuba angenise uphahla olufutshane malunga neshishini, adibanise nemithetho ebalulekileyo ehambelana nengcaciso. Le ke iquka ingcaciso ebhalwe kakuhle ngeshishini, ngabanini-shishini, abakhokeli, kunye nolawulo. Ngelishwa ke izicelo ezizaliswe zayekwa esithubeni azizokuqwalaselwa ukwenzela ukukhuthaza abantu bazisayine bazigqibe izicelo zabo. Ngelishwa akukho nto siza kuyixoxa nawe de usinike yonke inkcukacha esiyifunayo. Siya zijonga zonke izicelo size sikunike impendulo.
Ngenisa isicelo sokufuna yemali.
Ukuba isicelo sakho sinazo zonke iimfuno ezifunwayo xa usenza isicelo semali, kwaye nentengiselwano ingena vingci kula macandelo emveliso, siza kwenza uvandlakanyo lokuqala olusekelezwe kwingcaciso esiyifumeneyo. Xa sibona ukuba isicelo sakho siza kuphumelela imali, siza kubiza ungenise I (Comprehnisive Application proposal)isiphakamiso sesicelo esifakwe yonke into. Esi siphakamiso siSicwangciso seShishini esigqibekileyo Bunisess Plan eza kuthi isetyenziselwe ukuhlola amathuba ngokuthe xaxe. Loo nto iya kunyanzela ukuba usoloko ungenisa i Business Plan ekumgangatho ophezulu.
Dibana nesigqeba solawulo sentengiso sakwa NEF.
Isigqeba solawulo siza kufunda isicelo sakho esiqulungeneyo semali size sikubuze imibuzo size sicele ingcaciso eyongezelelweyo. Emva koko sikubizele entlanganisweni.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_ULwazi ngokuPhathwa kweNkqubo yesiKhalazo.txt</fn>
Okokuqala, umxumi kufuneka akhalaze kumniki nkonzo. Ukuba ngaba umxumi akoneliswanga yindlela isikhalazo esiphethwe ngayo, okanye isiphumo sesikhalazo, banokusibhekisela isikhalazo sabo kwiCandelo eliLawula ukuThumela iPosi..
Faka isikhalazo kuMphathi weSebe okanye qhagamshelana neziko loqhagamshelwano lomxhasi ku-086 011 1502.
Dlulisela isikhalazo kwi-Ofisi yeCandelo eliLawula ukuThumela iPosi, nawo onke amaxwebhu.
Abaxhasi bezokuPosa banokuzifaka izikhalazo zabo ngomnxeba, ifeksi, ileta okanye i-imeyile.
Kweyiphi iposi okanye inkampani ehambisa i-courier?
Ngubani othethe naye eposini?
Ukuba ngaba sisikhalazo sento ekunokulandelwa umzila wayo okanye yerejista, nceda usinike inombolo yento ekunokulandelwa umzila wayo okanye yerejista.
ICandelo eliLawula ukuThumela iPosi lijolise ekongezeni ixabiso kwaye liququzelele ulungiselelo lwenkonzo ethembekileyo, engafihliyo kwaye enobuchule kubo bonke abaxhasi bayo.
Inkonzo ebuthathaka yabaxhasi. Ngokumisela imigangatho yokhathalelo yabaxhasi esezantsi kunye neNkqubo yezikhalazo yomxhasi.
Ukususwa nokuvalwa kweposi. Ngokumisela ukungqinelana kwizakhiwo zeposi ukusuka kwezo ndawo kusetyenzwa kuzo kakhulu ukuya kwezo ndawo kungasetyenzwa kuzo kakhulu.
Uhanjiso ezitalatweni. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba umzi ngamnye umasipala awunike inombolo uhanjiselwa esitalatweni.
Iintlawulo zeebhokisi zeposi.
Ixabiso eliphezulu. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso layo nayiphi na inkonzo esisiseko liyafikeleleka, liyafana.
Usifaka njani isikhalazo?
Uhanjiso lwasemva kwexesha. Ngokumisela isininzi senani leentsuku iileta ekufuneka zizithathe phambi kokuba zifike kumntu ezithunyelwe kuye.
Iipasile ezinobunzima obungaphezulu kwama-30kg kunye nentlawulelo yothutho.
Ukuhanjiswa kwamaphepha-ndaba kunye neemagazini.
Ukuhanjiswa kweposi ngumsebenzi womthumeli.
Kukuba abe nofikelelo kwinkonzo esisiseko yeeleta.
Ilungelo kwinkonzo enobulunga nefikelelekayo.
Inkonzo yeposi ethembekileyo nehamba ngexesha.
Ukuba khona kwezibonelelo zabantu abakhubazekileyo.
ICandelo eliLawula ukuThumela iPosi licandelwana kwiSebe lezoNxibelelwano. ICandelo eliLawula ukuThumela iPosi lasekwa ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lesi-3 lomThetho wezokuThumela oyiNombolo ye-124 ka-1998.
ICandelo eliLawula ukuThumela iPosi liyakuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo zokuthumela ezisisiseko kufikelelwa kuzo ngummi ngamnye woMzantsi Afrika.
Ukusebenza ngezikhalazo ezivela kubaxhasi ezimalunga nabasebenzi bezokuthumela.
Ukwakha umlawuli obonakalayo kwicandelo kwaye osebenza ngendlela engafihliyo, onesitafu esiphuhlisiweyo kunye nesiqeqeshiweyo esinako ukwenza izigqibo ezinobulunga.
Ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo imithetho nemimiselo ngokunjalo nokufaka isandla kuphuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo oya kwakha okusingqongileyo okufanelekileyo kuphuhliso lweenkonzo zokuthumela.
Ukuba libe ngumlawuli ozimeleyo, onobuchule kwaye othembekileyo, ofikelelekayo kubaxhasi bakhe kwaye obasebenzela ngendlela efanelekileyo nenobulungisa.
Lifake isandla kwimpumelelo yezenzo zeenqobo ezisesikweni kwinkonzo yokuthumela esebenzayo neyoneleyo elungisa iimfuno zawo onke amacandelo abantu.
Ukulawula iinkonzo zokuthumela ezigciniweyo nezingagcinwanga.
Ukuqinisekisa ukungqinelana ngeemeko zemvume nobhaliso.
Ukunyusa umdla wabasebenzisi bezokuthumela ngokuphathelene neendleko, ukuqhubeka kunye nobulunga beenkonzo.
Ukunyusa iinkonzo zelizwe lonke okuya kuqinisekisa ufikelelo olulinganayo kubo bonke abemi.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UMBHALO WOFUNDO KUNOMATHOTHOLO.txt</fn>
Siyintoni na xa sizimele sodwa Singaba yintoni xa sinokuhlangana nabanye abantu size sivale umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwakhe nawuphi na omnye wethu Yile ngcinga eyenze u-Telkom abe yinkampani ephambili kwezonxibelelwano eMzantsi Afrika?
Ngulo moya wezimpembelelo othe wakhokhelela ukuba urhulumente woMzantsi Afrika akhwebe bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika ukuba babengabanikazi bezabelo ze-Telkom ngokunokokwabo.
Fumana ulwazi oluthe xaxe kwincwadana yakho yezikhokelo ngezabelo ezifumaneka mahala kwi-ofisi zasePosini kunye namasebe athatha inxaxheba eBhanki yakwa-Standard.
Lo ayingomceli mngeni wokuthenga okanye ukuhlawula imali yokuthenga izabelo. Incwadana enengcombolo ezipheleleyo ngokunikezelwa kwezabelo iya kubhaliswa kwaye ikhutshwe xa umceli mngeni wokunikezela izabelo usenziwa.
Amandla ethu asekwabelaneni.
Ngengcingo zomnxeba eziphantse zafikelela kwizigidi ezihlanu I-Telkom izinikezele ekwakheni ikamva eliqaqambileyo labo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika.
Fumana ulwazi oluthe xaxe kwincwadana yakho yezikhokelo ngezabelo ezifumaneka mahala kwi-ofisi zasePosini kunye namasebe athatha inxaxheba eBhanki yakwa-Standard.
Lo ayingomceli mngeni wokuthenga okanye ukuhlawula imali yokuthenga izabelo. Incwadana enengcombolo ezipheleleyo ngokunikezelwa kwezabelo iya kubhaliswa kwaye ikhutshwe xa umceli mngeni wokunikezela izabelo usenziwa.
Amandla ethu asekwabelaneni.
I-Telkom sele ineziseko zobuchwepheshe obukumgangatho wehlabathi kwaye izinikezele ekwakheni ikamva eliqaqambileyo labo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika.
Fumana ulwazi oluthe xaxe kwincwadana yakho yezikhokelo ngezabelo ezifumaneka mahala kwi-ofisi zasePosini kunye namasebe athatha inxaxheba eBhanki yakwa-Standard.
Lo ayingomceli mngeni wokuthenga okanye ukuhlawula imali yokuthenga izabelo. Incwadana enengcombolo ezipheleleyo ngokunikezelwa kwezabelo iya kubhaliswa kwaye ikhutshwe xa umceli mngeni wokunikezela izabelo usenziwa.
Amandla ethu asekwabelaneni.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UMGAQO-NKQUBO WAMAWONGA EZEMALI KUBANIKI NKONZO (2004).txt</fn>
Ngokuvumelana neNkqubo yolwaKhiwo ngokutsha noPhuhliso, ngexesha leminyaka eli-12 yokuqala yolawulo lwedemokhrasi sigqalise amandla neenzame zethu ekuhambeni kwindlela yotshintsho lwentlalo. Sizinzise uphuhliso lwezentlalo njecala lomgaqo-nkqubo kwanenkqubo-sikhokelo yokukhulisa ukuncitshiswa kobuhlwempu kwaye kuphuculwe ukufezekiswa kwezithembiso zeenkonzo zentlalo-ntle yasekuhlaleni kubantu abangasiwa so nabahlelelekileyo kuluntu lwethu.
Ngenxa yelifa localucalulo ugqaliselo lweSebe kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo kakhulu belukukhuseleko loluntu, ngaphandle komsebenzi oqhubayo wokulinganiswa kofikelelo kwiinkonzo zentlalontle. Iimfuno kuqingqo-mali lokhuseleko loluntu zathetha ukuba bekukho izibonelelo ezingonelanga zokuxhasa ezinye iimfuno ezingundoqo, umzekelo iinkonzo zokhuseleko zentlalontle zasekuhlaleni, ukugcinwa kwezakhono zomsebenzi wentlalontle ezinqabileyo, kwanokunikwa kweenkonzo zentlalontle zasekuhlaleni yimibutho yoluntu. Kunikwe ukusekwa kwe-Arhente yoKhuselo llweNlalo yeSizwe, iSebe loPhuhliso lweNtlalo leSizwe ngoku linikele ujolise kwezinye zezi mfuno zingundoqo.
Ngokomzekelo, kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo iSebe loPhuhliso lweNtlalo leSizwe laqalise inkqubo yokuphuhlisa umGaqo-nkqubo kumaWonga ezeMali (Policy on Financial Awards) (PFA) kubaNiki Nkonzo. Iinyani zelizwe zabanga ukuba urhulumente aphengulule indlela asebenzisa ngayo izibonelelo zakhe ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ulwabiwo olubulungisa kuloo macandelo oluntu ngokwembali ayehlelelekile. I-PFA sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuququzeleleni utshintsho olungaphaya kunye nokuphuka kufezekiso lweenkonzo ngokuxhaswa kwabaniki nkonzo. Njengoko kwakuvunyelwene ngabo bonke abathelelani kwiNgqungquthela yokuKhulisa nokuPhuhlisa, bonke abathelelani benemfanelo yokusebenza kunye ekulungiseni imiceli-mngeni ehlanganisa ezoqoqosho nezentlalo ejongene nelizwe lethu. URhulumente, esebenza yedwa akanakho ukoyisa le miceli-mngeni. iSebe ke ngoko liyaqhuba ukwenza zonke iinzame zokuqinisekisa intsebenziswano ebalaseleyo kwanothelelwano nemiButho engekho phantsi kolawulo lukaRhulumente (Non-Governmental Organizations) (NGOs), imiButho eSekelwe kwiNkolo (Faith-based organizations) (FBOs), imiButho eSekelwe ekuHlaleni (Community Based Organisations) (CBOs), kwanoluntu ngokubanzi.
Ukwenza ukuba umgaqo-nkubo usebenze, iimodeli zokuxabisa ziphuhlisiwe ukuba zilungise imiba yokuphumeza. Kubaniki nkonzo ukuba basebenze kufanele ukuiba baxhaswe ngokwaneleyo kwaye amanqanaba okuxhasa kuwo onke amaphondo kufanele amiselwe. Iimodeli zokuxabisa zeNkqubo yeeNkonzo zeNtlalo (Social Services Programme Costing Models) ziya kuthi ke ziqinisekise ukuba kukho ukufana kwanobulungisa kulwabiwo lwezibonelelo. Izindululo kwinkxaso yenkqubo ezibekiweyo kwi-PFA ziya kuqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo zisiwa ngqo kuluntu nakwimibutho ezifuna ngamandla, kunye nokuba urhulumente unikeza iinkonzo ezifikelelekayo. ISebe likwaphuhlise kwaye lavuma iziKhokelo zeNkqubo kwaneziXhobo zokuLawula, ekufuneka zifundwe kunye nomGaqo-nkqubo kumaWonga ezeMali aya kubaBaniki Nkonzo.
URhulumente uyaziqonda iinzame ezingadinwayo kwaneminikelo yoluntu kufezekiso lweenkonzo zentlalontle. Iiprojekithi ezinjengenkqubo yemisebenzi yaseburhulumenteni eyandisiweyo (extended public works programme) (EPWP) yimizekelo yentsebenziswano phakathi kwabantu bethu kunye norhulumente. Kukulo moya wentsebenziswano ke apho sibiza bonke abantu bethu ukuba baqhube ukuthabatha inxaxheba bedala ubomi obungcono babo bonke. Siyaziqonda kwaye sizincoma iinkonzo ezinikwa ngamavolontiya, abaniki nkonzo babucala kunye nemibutho yoluntu. Sisonke sakha uluntu nesizwe abantwana bethu kunye nabo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika abalufaneleyo.
ISebe likwanqwenela ukuba linakane abathile kwanamaziko athe anikela kuphuhliso lalo mgaqo-nkqubo, amasebe amaphondo, imibutho yoluntu, kwakunye noluntu jikelele malunga nokunika izimvo namagqabantshintshi abawafakileyo. Uthelelwano lweSebe nemibutho yoluntu lungundoqo wokufumana ukusebenza okunempumelelo kunye nokuzalisekisa umyalelo.
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Kwiminyaka elishumi yorhulumente wethu wedemokrasi , siye sajonga ihambo yethu yokusuka kwintlalo-ntle saya kuphuhliso lwentlalo njengomkhomba-ndlela womgaqo-nkqubo nowokuzalisekisa.. Njengelizwe elitsha siphuhlise imigaqo-nkqubo nemithetho esilungiselele indlela yokuhambisa iinkonzo kwabahluphekayo nabazizisulu.
Isebe liye lajonga ikakhulu kule minyaka ilishumi igqithileyo ukhuselo lezentlalo, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkonzo zentlalo. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali kukhuselo lwezentlalo kubangele ukungahoyeki kwezinye iinkonzo. Yaza loo nto yenza, phakathi kwezinye ukuphuhliswa kakubi kweenkonzo zokhuseleko, ukunqongophala kwamajelo okunika ezinye iinkonzo zentlalo-ntle kwabahluphekayo, ukubhabha kobuchwephesha kwezifundelweyo ezifuneka ngamandla, kwanetyala le mibutho yasekuhlaleni engakwazi ukuhambisa iinkonzo ngenxa yokungabikho kwamajelo. Le nto ibangele ukuvalwa kwemibutho enjalo nokulahlekelwa kukarhulumente ngabasebenzi. nto leyo enegalelo elibi kuhanjiso lweenkonzo.
Ukulungisa le nto iSebe leSizwe loPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo liye laqalisa iphulo lokuphuhlisa uMgaqo -nkqubo weBhaso leMali . Izinto zokwenene zelizwe zifuna ukuba urhulumente ajonge kwakhona indlela awandisa ngayo amajelo akhe ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukulingana kwindlela elwabelwa ngayo uluntu ebelukade luhlelelekile.
Ukwenza lo mgaqo-nkqubo ubenempumelelo kuye kwaxatyiswa kwaphuhliswa ezi modeli ngenjongo zokulungisa imiba ebanzi yokusebenza.
I PFA sesona sixhobo sibalulekileyo esisetyenziswayo ekulungelelaniseni inguqu kuzo zombini, ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo nokuhlawula abaniki zinkonzo. Kufuneka urhulumente awenze lo msebenzi esebenzisa iSebe loPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo kwaye siyayazi ukuba asinakuzifumana ezi njongo nezinto esijongise kuzo ngokunokwethu. Yiyo le nto siye savula amaphiko ethu ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho intsebenziswano nobudlelane neMibutho eNgekho Phantsi kukaRhulumente (NGOs)iMibutho yezeNkolo(FBO) iMibutho yasekuHlaleni (CBOs) amaqumrhwana kunye namashishini.
Ukuze abaniki nkonzo basebenzise i PFA, kufuneka banikwe imali eyaneleyo kwaye kuza kubakho imigangatho eza kukhutshwa ngayo imali kumaphondo onke. iiModeli zokuXabisa iiProgramu zeeNkonzo zeNtlalo ziqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukulingana kukusasazwa kwamajelo. Iziphakamiso kwiprogramu yokukhupha imali, ezichazwe kwi PFA ziqinisekisa ukuba amajelo asiwe kubantu nemibutho efuna imali kakhulu, kwaye urhulumente ukhupha iinkonzo ezifikelelekayo.
Ukulandela apha, urhulumente uphuhlise wamkela izixhobo nezikhokelo zenkqubo, ezibandakanya unikezelo-nkonzo oluvulelekileyo eziza kuthi zifundwe ngokuqhagamshelana noMgaqo-nkqubo weBhaso leMali neModeli yokuHanjiswa kweeNkonzo.
Kungenxa yeenzame zobunye apho sinokuziqhenya sithi isiseko sibekiwe , nakubeni kukho imiceli-mingeni emininzi, kwaye sisajongene nokwenza amagalelo anentsingiselo kwizigidi zabantu baseMzantsi Afrika abalindele iinkonzo kuthi.
Inkqubo yokuphuhlisa uMgaqo-nkqubo weziMali waqala ngo 1996, kodwa wamiselwa ngonyaka ka 2000.uMphathiswa weSebe lezeNtlalo waseka iKomiti yabaPhathiswa eyayiza kuphanda ngemibandela erhangqe lo mgaqo-nkqubo ukuze ikwazi nokunika amacebiso kwiBhunga labaPhathiswa beSebe lezeNtlalo.(MINMEC). Iminmec yathatha isigqibo sokuba lo mgaqo-nkqubo mawuphinde ujongwe. Ikomiti ibinyulelwe oko yaphinda yawujonga yaza yagqiba ekubeni mawubekho uMgaqo-nkqubo weBhaso leMali waza wamkelwa ngo 2004 emva kokwaziswa kwiiNtloko zeeNkonzo zeNtlalo-ntle.(HSWS) iKomiti yoLawulo, (EXCO) kunye neMINMEC.
Isebe kwakhona linqwenela ukwazisa abantu namaziko athe enza amagalelo okuqhutyelwa phambili kwalo mgaqo, amasebe amaphondo, amaqumrhu, abantu basekuhlaleni, izincomo nezigxeko abazenzileyo kunye namagalelo abo. Ubudlelane besebe namanye amaqumrhu ibe ngowona mzamo wokuzalisekisa isigunyaziso sethu.
Urhulumente nakaloku nje ujongene nemiceli-mingeni yokunikezela ngeyona nkonzo iphucukileyo kumacandelo abantu abahluphekileyo nababuthathaka. Ngokwembali, iinkonzo zentalontle bezingumsebenzi odibeneyo karhulumente nabantu, urhulumente yena ingoyena ukhupha inkxaso yemali kwimibutho . Into ekhoyo ngoku yeyokuba ilizwe lifuna urhulumente ajonge kwakhona indlela awasebenzisa ngayo amajelo akhe ekuwasasazeni ngokulinganayo kubantu ebebekade behlelekile.
Amalinge okuphuhlisa umgaqo-nkqubo weembasa zemali kwi NPO ubekhe wenziwa kwixesha eligqithileyo. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo awukhange uzifezekise iimfuno zikarhulumente necandelo le NPO. Ngoku kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo yokuphuhlisa umgaqo-nkqubo oza kuqinisekisa ukuba iSebe liyakwazi ukuzalisekisa izithembiso zobomi obungcono kubantu bonke.
Lo mgaqo-nkqubo weembasa zemali unenjongo zokujonga iimpendulo zelizwe ekunikezelweni kwemali kubaniki zinkonzo zecandelo lesebe lezentlalo, ukulungelelanisa inguqu nokuhambisa kwakhona iinkonzo namajelo, nokuqinisekisa iinkonzo ezinempumelelo nezifezekileyo kumacandelo abantu abahluphekileyo nababuthathaka..
Umgaqo-nkqubo nobume bezomthetho belizwe yenze ukuba kubekho imali elungele ukuba iSebe likwazi ukuzuza injongo yalo, ingakumbi ngokubhekiselele kukulingana kokusasazwa kwamajelo. Indima enobuzaza edlalwe licandelo leNPO kubonelelo lweenkonzo iyancomeka. Ezinye iiNPO zenze inguqu engummangaliso ngokubhekisele kwizinto eziyinyani zelizwe. Nanjalo ke inguqu ihleli ingowona mceli-mngeni mkhulu karhulumente.
Lo mgaqo-nkqubo ngoko uzimisele ukulungelelanisa ukuzuzwa kwezinto zokuqala zeSebe ngokuphuhliswa kwenkonzo kwabahluphekile, namaqela abuthathaka nabo banezinto ezizodwa abanjengabantwana, ulutsha, abadala, abantu abalimeleyo, oomama, amaxhoba obungxobongela nawokuxhatshazwa, abantu abachaphazeleka kukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi nabo basulelwe nabo bachatshazelwe yiNtsholongwana kaGawulayo noGawulayo.
Ukuze iSebe likwazi ukuzuza nokusebenza ngesigunyaziso salo somgaqo-siseko, kufuneka lijonge izinto eligqale kuzo elifuna ukuzizuza, nendlela ezi zakufumaneka ngayo lenze nemilinganiselo yokusebenza kwee programu zalo. Umgaqo-nkqubo ubeka ngaphambili imiceli-mingeni nezinto zenguqu elijolise kulo, eza kuba novakalelo kwindlela , nendawo, nomntu oza kuxhasa iinkonzo ezi zakukhutshwa ngurhulumente. Ichaza iindlela zokukhupha iimali, neendidi zokukhupha iimali, nendlela yokuhlola efanelekileyo, neendlela zokubhatala, neemfuno zokukhupha imali.
Njengoko ifana kwilizwe lonke, ababoneleli ngemali bakarhulumente nababucala bafuna ukwazi ngendlela imali yeeprogramu esetyenziswe ngayo, kuquka nemilinganiselo yokusebenza ngendlela eyiyo. Isebe liza kungena kwiikhontraka nabantu abanikezela ngeenkonzo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo ezilindelekileyo ziyafunyanwa, kwaye abantu abanikwa ezo nkonzo bayaneliseka kwanemali isebenza ngendlela eyiyo. Ezi khontraka zichaza kwakhona ubume bobudlelwane phakathi kukarhulumente nabaniki-ziinkonzo. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo unobume benkqubela phambili kwaye isiseko sale khontraka yintsebenziswano hayi ungquzulwana ukwenzela ukuba ubudlelane bexesha elide buphuhliswe bomelezwe ngokwakhiwa kwamaziko nangenkxaso, ingakumbi abaniki-zinkonzo abasantshulayo abasuka kuluntu ebelikade lihlelelekile.
Ixesha elisemva ngo 1994 lizise utshintsho olukhulu eMzantsi Afrika. Olu tshintsho lube novakalelo kuyo yonke imiba yezinto zobomi zelizwe kuquka namaziko. Olona tshintsho lubonakalayo lolo lokuphucula uhanjiso lweenkonzo nokwenza ezi nkonzo zibe nokufikelela lula luze luphendule neemfuno zabantu abaninzi.
Inkqubo yenguqu isaqhubekeka kwaye izise imiceli-mingeni emininzi kubo bonke abachaphazelekayo, ingakumbi abaniki-zinkonzo.uRhulumente unikwe isigunyaziso sokuqinisekisa eyona nkonzo ilungileyo eluntwini , ngenjongo zokugxotha ubuhlwempu nokudala ubomi obungcono bomntu wonke.
IPhepha lokuGaya iZimvo lezeNtlalo-ntle (White Paper) lifake iSebe loPhuhliso leNtlalo kwinguqu yeenkonzo zentlalo ngokuthatha indlela yophuhliso ecacisa ukuxhomekeka phakathi kophuhliso lwezentlalo nezoqoqosho. Kufuneka lo nguqu ilungise imiba yohlanga , iklasi, ubuni, nokungalingani.
uPhuhliso lwezeNtlalo-ntle lugxinise ekukhuliseni izakhono zabantu nokukhuthaza ukuzithemba nothatho-nxaxheba ekuthathweni kwezigqibo. Ibethelela inkonzo esekelezelwe kwikhaya, kuluntu nedibeneyo. (United Nations:1987)Indlela yophuhliso ayiyisusi okanye inike enye indlela ukuba isebenze kuqala, koko ibethelela ukuba ngokungaphandle kwendlela yokungenelela, isiphumo masikhuthaze intlalo nobulungisa bezoqoqosho.
Ngokwembali iinkonzo zentlalo-ntle eMzantsi Afrika bezifumaneka kurhulumente nakwimibutho yasekuhlaleni. Urhulumente uyavuma ukuba imibutho emininzi inezakhono, ubuchwephesha amaseko namanye amajelo anokuba negalelo kulwakhiwo, uphuhliso nelungiselelo lwale nkonzo. Uninzi lwale mibutho lifumene imali kwinkxaso-mali karhulumente. Uninzi lwale mibutho layamanise iinkonzo zalo kwimigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente. Nanjalo, kulusizi kuba asiyiyo yonke eyenze loo nto, ngoko ke kufuneka izinga le nguqu likhawuleze.
Le yenziwa yimfuno yokujonga imibandela efana nentlupheko, ukungaqeshwa, ngokunjalo nobhubhane wentsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo (HIV and AIDS),enovakalelo olubi eluntwini. Ukongeza, kufuneka uhanjiso lweenkonzo zentlalo-ntle lusiwe kwimimamdla eyifuna kakhulu njengeelali noluntu oluhlelelekileyo, olo luchaphazeleke kakhulu. Imibutho esekelezelwe eluntwini naleyo isantshulayo nekwaziyo ukunika iinkonzo kwabahluphekileyo ingakumbi uluntu lwasezilalini, lusabekelwa bucala xa kukhutshwa imali okanye lunikwe imali engonelanga.
uRhulumente uye wenza utyalo mali olukhulu kwicandelo lophuhliso lwezentlalo kule minyaka idlulileyo . Uye wakhupha okusingqongileyo kwezomthetho nezomgaqo-nkqubo. Nanjalo, uhanjiso-lweenkonzo khange lwenziwe ngohlobo lokuba luhlangabezane ne ajenda yenguqu. Ukuze iindlela zenguqu zikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezandayo zoluntu , kufuneka ziqiniswe ngokubonakalayo. Ukongeza, kufuneka abaniki-zinkonzo ezikhutshelwe ecaleni zisiwe ngaphambili kwi arena zikarhulumente zemali.
Lo mgaqo unenjongo zokulungelelanisa ukufunyanwa kwezinto zokuqala zeSebe ngeenkonzo ezidibeneyo nezinesimo sokuphuhlisa, nokuqinisekisa ulondolozo nenkxaso kumaqela ahluphekileyo nabuthathaka, nabo baneemfuno ezizodwa abanje ngabantwana, ulutsha, abantu abadala, nabakhubazekileyo, oomama, abaxhoba nabasindileyo kubugebenga noxhatshazo, abantu abachatshazelwe ziziyobisi nabo basulelwe yintsholongwane ka Gawulayo nanguGawulayo.
Ababoneleli ngemali bakarhulumente nababucala bafuna ukuba kuphendulwe ngeemali zeprogramu, kudibanise imilinganiselo yokwenza izinto ngendlela eyiyo. Le nto ibeka uxanduva kurhulumente lokuvavanya amaxabiso nezibonelelo zemisebenzi ize ichaze kwisosayethi iphela, ingakumbi kubarholi berhafu, ukuba urhulumente uyisebenzise njani namajelo abelwe abantu ukuba anikelwe ukulungisa isosayethi na. Injongo yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kukuqinisekisa ixabiso lemali nokuba izinto zokuqala ebezimelwe ukwenziwa ngemali zenziwe na. Le ke ithetha ukuba urhulumente necandelo elingekho phantsi kuka rhulumente likwazi ukuphendula ngezinto elizinikiweyo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wokukhupha imali unenjongo zokujonga impendulo zelizwe ekunikeni imali abaniki-zinkonzo kwicandelo lophuhliso lwezentlalo, ukulungelelanisa inguqu nokusa iinkonzo namajelo kumanye amacala, nokuqinisekisa inkonzo enempumelelo nehamba kakuhle eya kubantu abahluphekileyo nabuthathaka abakumacandelo esosayethi.
Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uvulelekileyo ulungiselela orhulumente bamaphondo nabesizwe ukuba baphuhlise izikhokelo zeenkqubo zabo ngokubhekiselele kwiimfuno namajelo afumanekayo.
Ukuseka ubudlelane bengxowa-mali phakathi kweSebe nabaniki-ziinkonzo ezikhupha iinkonzo zophuhliso lwezentlalo-ntle.
Kukhupha isixhobo sokulungelelanisa inguqu yokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo zentlalo-ntle.
Ukuphuhlisa ubungakanani bemibutho esantshulayo nebikade ihlelelekile engenawo amajelo kodwa analo ulwazi lweemfuno zoluntu.
Kusekwe okusingqongileyo kwabaniki-zinkonzo abatsha ebebekade bengafakwa kwingxowa-mali karhulumente.
Ukukhupha isiseko sosasazo lwamajelo ngokulinganayo.
Le migqalisela ilandelayo ixhasa umgaqo-nkqubo wengxowa-mali yokuphuhlisa abaniki zinkonzo zentlalo-ntle.
Ukukwazi ukufumaneka: Akukho mntu makakhutshelwe ecaleni kuba engakwazi ukuhlawulela iinkonzo apho kufunwa khona imali, makubekho uvavanyo kuqala.
Ukufaneleka: Ukuphendula kwezentlalo, zoqoqosho zenkcubeko nakwiimeko zabenzalelwane nezepolitika.
Ukuxhotyiswa : Ukomeleza umthamo wemibutho esantshulayo ukuba iphuhle ukwenzela ukuba ikwazi ukumelana nemigangatho ebekwe kulo mgaqo-nkqubo.
Ukulingana : Ukunatyiswa/sasazwa kwamajelo asekelezelwe kwiimfuno, izinto emazenziwe kuqala neembali yokungalingani.
Uthatho-nxaxheba : Ukusebenza ngenkuthalo kwabalawuli, abanxumi, abasebenzi, ababhekisa apha, nabameli boluntu kwiinkqubo zombutho nakukuyilwa komgaqo-nkqubo.
Ubudlelane Uxanduva oludibeneyo lukarhulumente, isosayethi yabantu, necandelo lamashishini ekuhambiseni iinkonzo.
Ukudibana kwezentlalo : Imigaqo-nkqubo neeprogramu ezikhuthaza ubulungisa kwezentlalo.
uMzantsi Afrika xa uthelekiswa namanye amazwe uthathwa njengelona lizwe linamanani amakhulu/amaninzi abantu abasulelwe yintsholongwane kaGawulayo nabafa zizifo ezayanyaniswa noGawulayo. Ngo 1990, abesifazana abahlolwe kwiikliniki zobelekiso bebeyi 0,7% abasulelwe yintsholongwane kaGawulayo, kwaze ngo2002 elinani lenyuka laya kutsho ku 26,5%. Abona bantu basulelwayo ngabakwiqela leminyaka engama 15 ukuya kuma 49 eminyaka. Eli qela ke limele abantu abasesemandleni kwezoqoqosho kwisosayethi.
eMzantsi Afrika, amanani eNtsholongwane kaGawulayo noGawulayo abonakalisa ukuba izinga lokosuleleka liphezulu kwabesifazana, kwaye phantse isiqingatha sabantu abasulelweyo ngoku ngabesifazana. Mininzi ke imiba ekhokelela kwesi simo. Enye yemiba engunobangela wokungalingani kwamandla akhoyo phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi.
Abantwana abazelwe sebenale ntsholongwane kaGawulayo, okanye abo baswelekelwe ngumzali omnye okanye ngabo bobabini ngenxa yesifo sikaGawulayo noGawulayo baphakathi kwamalungu azizisulu esosayethi. Basoloko ke bekwingozi yokugula , kweyokuxhatshazwa, nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kunabantwana abaswelekelwe ngabazali ngokwendalo.
NgokweNkcukacha zoMzantsi Afrika zowe1995 i 28% yamakhaya ne 48% yabantu bebehlala ngaphantsi komda wentlupheko, ngokubalwa ngokwesiseko senkcitho, leyo ingakudibanisi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo nezinye izinto. Ngo 1999, i3,7 yezigidi kwi 11,4 yezigidi kumakhaya anjalo ebehlala ngaphantsi komda wentlupheko. Abo ke bonke ingabaMnyama. Intlupheko ngowona mceli-mngeni mkhulu ojongene noMzantsi Afrika namhlanje. Idibene nokungalingani kweemeko ekuhlalwa kuzo nokufikelela kumajelo kwelinye icala, nokuba zizisulu ngaphakathi ezindlini nakuluntu kwelinye icala.
Ingcali kwezophando zifumanise ukuba ukungalingani kusoloko kusayanyaniswa nesini, iminyaka, nobuhlanga, Iba ngoomama namakhaya akhokelwa ngoomama/ abasifazana, ulutsha, abadala, abaMnyama nabahlala ezilalini abakwingozi yentlupheko. Urhulumente olawule emva kocalucalulo ubonisa ukuba intlupheko uyihoye kakhulu njengoko uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali oluninzi aluse kwinkcitho yentlalo-ntle nakwii programu zokunciphisa intlupheko nakwezijolise koomama/ besifazana.
Urhulumente woMzantsi Afrika uyayazi iyantlukwano ngokwezentlalo, ezenkolo nezenkcubeko zamakhaya ngokunjalo novakalelo lotshintsho kwezentlalo kubume nakwizakhiwo zabo. Kutshanje amakhaya ajongene nemiceli-mingeni emitsha neenzame zokuhlangabezana neemfuno zamalungu azo. Amakhaya amaninzi eMzantsi Afrika ingakumbi kwawoluntu lwabaMnyama aye achatshazelwa akasebenza kakuhle ngenxa yale ntlupheko, xa idibene nobunzima bezokusingqongileyo kunye nokuziva ungenemandla.
Ukudilika kwezentlalo kuye kwabonakala kukukhula kokudilika kwamakhaya, ingxwabangxwaba yamakhaya, iingxaki zempilo yezengqondo, ubugebenga, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, nokuthengiswa kwezesondo, ukungabinamakhaya, nabantwana abahlala nabasebenza ezitalatweni.
Ngokubhekiselele kuBalo lwaBantu luka 2001, bangama 2,255 982 abakhubazekileyo eMzantsi Afrika. Abaninzi kubo ngabangaboniyo nabaziziqhwala. Iphondo elinabona bantu baninzi bakhubazekileyo lelaKwaZulu Natala (470 588) kulandele iMpuma-Koloni (372,265) ize ibe lelaseRhawutini ibengama 331 611. Iphondo elinabantu abambalwa abakhubazekileyo lelo Mntla-koloni.
Le meko ingasentla apha ibonisa inxenye yobume bubonke bemeko yezentlalo-qoqosho.
uRhulumente usebenze kakhulu elungisa le mibandela, njengoko kubonakala kukujongwa kwishumi leminyaka ekumiselweni kweeprogramu zikarhulumente. Le miceli-mingeni iyantenga-ntenga, ingakumbi ngokwemigaqo yeenkonzo ezikhutshwa liSebe leZentlalo-ntle kwilizwe lonke. Ezi nkonzo ziludonga lohanjiso kwabahluphekileyo, nakwabo babekelwe ecaleni nakwababuthathaka kumacandelo esosayethi.
Le miceli-mingeni nezinto zokuqala kufuneka ilungiswe ngendlela engazokubiza mali ininzi, kwaye lo mgaqo-nkqubo weSebe ukhupha izixhobo zokusa iinkonzo nokwabiwa kwamajelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinjongo zalo ziyafumaneka.
Imali ekhutshelwe uhanjiso lweenkonzo ishokoxeke kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kokhuselo lwezentlalo kumaphondo athile- engaphezu kwama 90% yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lesebe, ngexesha ibizalisekisa umsebenzi obalulekileyo wezokhuseleko.
Ibali elifutshane ngobomi uSwilling no Russel bathi, ngokusekelezela kuphando lobuninzi kwiSifundo soCando elingaNgenisi nzuzo loMzantsi Afrika, icandelo elingangenisi-nzuzo lelona libalulekile kuqoqosho lo Mzantsi Afrika elinesixa senkcitho sisonke sama R9,3 sebhiliyoni ngo1998, simele 1,2 semveliso yasekhaya iyonke. Inani lilonke labaqeshwa kwicandelo elingangenisi nzuzo ngo1999 lalidlula inani labaqeshiweyo (kuqula abasisigxina emsebenzini, abangxungxayo namavolontuya) kumacandelo amakhulu ezoqoqosho, yenze loo nto eli candela ibe lilona likhulu elizweni. Kwakuwo lo nyaka, i 1,5 yezigidi zamavolontiya asebenze ngokuzimisela echitha ixesha namandla awo kwi NPO zaseMzantsi Afrika. Xa kuthelekiswa amavolontiya ngokweepesenti yabasebenzi abangenzi ngeniso kumazwe ayi 28, ami kwi avareji yama 35% uMzantsi Afrika umi kuma 47%.
Olu lwazi lukule tafile luthathwe ngqo kumntu walo.
Nakubeni le ingentla ingacacisi kakuhle imimandla yeenkonzo zokumanyana, ibonisa imimandla yokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ezingundoqo ezizinto zokuqala zikarhulumente.
billion leyo ke ibiligalelo likarhulumente. Kwesi sixa mali sifakwe ngurhulumente, ama R2,1 ebhiliyoni aye kwiinkonzo zentlalo, i R1,7 bhiliyoni yaya kwezeMpilo yaze i R1,1 bhiliyoni yaya kuphuhliso nakwizindlu.
uSwilling no Russel (2001:35) bathi amacandelo afumana ingxowa-mali karhulumente abangelwe zi NPO eziphuhliswe kakuhle neziqingqekileyo ezibonakala zisebenza ngokuzimisela, zinabasebenzi abaphuma ezidolophini, noluntu olwamkela imivuzo emihle kunoluntu oluhluphekayoi 47% yeenkonzo zeNPO ne 42% yezeMpilo zikwingingqi zabamivuzo emihle. Umahluko wenkcubeko nezolonwabo, namacandelo ezophuhliso nezezindlu, apho isiqingatha se NPO kuwo womabini lamacandelo sigxininise kwiindidi zentlalo-qoqosho. Bagqibe ekubeni iinkonzo zentlalo namacandelo ezempilo e NPO ' alungiselela icandelo lesosayethi yabaMhlophe kwaye basenza njalo nangoku.
Kwesi sifundo singentla, kuye kwabonakala ukuba imivuzo yabantu abazenzeleyo yona ibalelwa kuma 34% engeniso yeNPO iyonke. Le ikhutshwe kwiinkonzo zemali, kweyemisebenzi nakwezinye abantu abazingenisele yona. Iinkonzo zentlalo zeNPO kubonakala ukuba zezona zenza ingeniso enkulu , ethe zenza ama R1,2 ebhiliyoni ngo 1998. Le imele ama 32% yengeniso iyonke kweli candela, inesibonelelo sikarhulumente sama 56,5% , icandelo labucala eliyi 11,1%. Le tafile ilandelayo ibonisa isishwankathelo semali secandelo elingangenisi nzuzo.
Le ingasentla inika umfanekiso omfutshane ngecandelo le NPO eMzantsi Afrika. Nakubeni esi sifundo besenziwe ngo1999 , sisesemgceni kwaye siyayamkele imigqalisela yemisebenzi karhulumente. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa indima ecekethekileyo edlalwe ngamavolontiya kuhanjiso lweenkonzo zecandelo lentlalo ngokunjalo nesakhono ingakumbi secandelo leNPO elisekwe kakuhle lokunyusa ingeniso yalo ngezimali nokunyusa ingxowa-mali kwamanye amajelo. Emva kokuxela le nto, kubalulekile ukwazisa ukuba imibutho emitsha nentshulayo ehlangabezana neemfuno zoluntu ezabelwe zona, ziye zashiyeka phandle ngokwemigaqo yokwabiwa kwamajelo.
Le ingasentla inemiphumela ebalulekileyo ngokwemigaqo yobudlelane urhulumente anabo nee NPO . Kwakhona ibeka izibophelelo kurhulumente ahambise amajelo amiyo aze akhuphe namatsha ukuqinisekisa ukulingana, ukulungisa nokwenza inguqu ngaphakathi kwicandelo le NPO, ukuze kuncedwe imimandla engenamajelo awaneleyo. Kufuneka uRhulumente akhangele ezinye iindawo ukuze aqinisekise ukuba iinkonzo zihambelana nekujoliswe kuko kunye nezinto emazenziwe kuqala. Kufuneka abaniki-nkonzo kwelinye icala baphuhlise iiprogramu ezikwaziyo ukuzimela nezizakukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantu abaninzi abahluphekileyo namaqela abuthathaka.
iSebe linokwabiwa kwamajelo okugoso ngenxa yokuphuculwa kwezokhuseleko, olucekeceke ekupheliseni intlupheko kwaye ibonwa njengeyona ngeniso egqalileyo enkulu kwabahluphekileyo beli lizwe. Njengokuba le inokwenzeka ngokwemigaqo yelungiselelo lokhuseleko kwabahluphekileyo, iye yabangela ukuba iSebe lisebenzise umndilili wama 90% wolwabiwo-mali kwizibonelelo zentlalo., kushiywa nje i 10% kuphela kuhlahlo-lwabiwomali lenze ezinye iinkonzo, nokuba zenziwa yi NGO okanye ngurhulumente.
Isicwangciso sobuchule seSebe ngokubhekiselele kumba ocekethekileyo wokunciphisa ubuhlwempu nakuphuhliso loluntu, iinkonzo zokukhusela abantwana, iinkonzo zabadala, abantu abakhubazekileyo, neenkonzo zenkxaso kumaxhoba okuphathwa gadalala emakhayeni nezinye iinkonzo ezabelwe ezantsi kuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali. Nakubeni izibonelelo zethutyana zikwazi ukunciphisa le ngxaki, amaphondo akakhange akwazi ukuwafaka kuhlahlo-lwabiwomali lazo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyaphila.
Kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba eminye imigaqo nkqubo itshintshwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo ziya kubantu abazifuna kakhulu, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamanani, ubuchule nezimali. Oonontlalo-ntle abaninzi baye bawushiya lo msebenzi , kurhulumente nakumacandelo angekho phantsi kukarhulumente, besiya kwiindawo ezinemisebenzi engcono. Le nto ke iyavakala kuhanjiso lweenkonzo nakuluntu oluncedwayo. Ezi zibophelelo aziviwanga ngurhulumente yedwa , koko nayimibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente ezinika iinkonzo eluntwini. Kukho ukungakwazeki ukwenza umsebenzi, ingakumbi kumgangatho wephondo, ekunyuseni inkxaso-mali yecandelo elingekho phantsi kukarhulumente, ingakumbi amacandelo amatsha afana naweenkonzo, amavolontiya nemibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente evumayo ukunika iinkonzo kubantu ababekade behlelekile bengenawo namajelo awaneleyo.
Nanjalo njengokuba lo mgaqo-nkqubo ufuna ukusa amajelo neenkonzo kwiindawo ezilungiselwe kakhulu, kuyaziwa kananjalo ukuba iinkonzo zophuhliso lwezentlalo bezisoloko zinganikwa mali yaneleyo kwaye ukufumana ukulingana ngokunjalo nokulungisa imiceli-mingeni ekhoyo kuza kufuneka kukho amajelo emali amaninzi iSebe liza kuzama liphuhlise iindlela nemilinganiselo efanelekileyo yokuphendula kwiinzame zenguqu ezixelwe kulo mgaqo-nkqubo.
Injongo yeli candela kukuveza iingcamango ezenza amalungiselelo emithethwana eyahlukeneyo yesizwe egunyazisa umgaqo-siseko karhulumente nezibophelelo zamazwe ngamazwe. Le mithethwana yesizwe kubhekiswa kuyo apho isenokubhekisa ku okanye yenze ilungiselelo lokunika uncedo lwezimali kubaniki-zinkonzo kulungiselelwa uhanjiso lokuphuhliswa kweenkonzo zentlalo-ntle.
Yonke iMithetho namalungiselelo omgaqo-nkqubo elawula iinkonzo zophuhliso zentlalo-ntle elizweni.
Ngokomgaqo-nkqubo nesiseko somthetho ezixelwe apha ngasentla, iSebe linomsebenzi omkhulu nesigunyaziso sokusa iinkonzo ebantwini kangangoko linakho, ingakumbi kumacandelo abuthathaka nabo bahluphekileyo.
Ezi zingentla ziza kusebenza kuluntu ngokunjalo nakumaqumrhu azimisele ukuhambisa iinkonzo nalapho kuza kuba kukho izimali. Ubucukubhede buza kwalatha izinto emazenziwe kuqala xa kuhanjiswa iinkonzo mhlawumbi kumgangatho wesizwe okanye kowephondo, kwaye ziza kwaziswa ngophando, ngenkcukacha yamanani, iintlanganiso zoluntu ezinje ngeembizo, ngokwaziswa ngupresidanti okanye inkulumbuso naziziCwangciso eziDibeneyo zoPhuhliso.
Ubucukubhede bezenkonzo buza kwalatha ukuba phi, kubani, nesizathu sokukhupha imali. Le iza kuqinisekisa iindlela zee-arhente neenkqubo eziza kuza yamanisa neendlela ezinkulu zeSebe.iSebe liyayiqonda imfuno yecandelo lokuhlala lizimele, nanjalo ke inguqu inyanzela iSebe liphendule ngokufanelekileyo kutshintsho lwabantu, kwezemali nelezopolitiko.
Imingeni yenguqu uMzantsi Afrika ube phantsi kwenguqu ngendlela ebingalindelekanga. Inkqubo yenguqu isaqhubekeka kwaye iza kuchaza indlela urhulumente awasebenzisa ngayo amajelo ukuzuza ukulingana nokulungisa ukungalingani ebekukade kukhona okusekhona nangoku kwicandelo lophuhliso lentlalo. Emva komgaqo-nkqubo wokugqibela kwinguqu yentlalontle, imibutho emininzi engangenisi nzuzo izamile ukuguquka ngokulandela izikhokelo ezichaziweyo.
Ukulawulwa kweebhodi nezakhiwo ezibonisa iingingqi zabantu nezincedwa liphondo.
Ukuphucula amaseko namajelo emibutho ebisoloko ingahoywanga engangenisi nzuzo neyoluntu.
Ukumisa inkqubo yokuqhuba iinkonzo zentlalo eqhubekekayo.
Ilungiselelo lenkonzo edibeneyo ekwazi ukuphendula kakuhle kwiimfuno zoluntu, iwazi amandla nomthamo wokuxhobisa nokwenza nkulu ukusetyenziswa kwamajelo afumaneka eluntwini.
Le mingeni ayicekethekanga kurhulumente yedwa, koko mayimele izinto abaniki ziinkonzo abajolise kuzo ngokudibeneyo baqinisekise ukuba inkonzo yophuhliso lwentlalo yenzeka ngendlela elungileyo, kwabo bazifuna kakhulu ezi nkonzo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukulingana kuyenzeka, olu tshintsho luye labonwa njengenkqubo ecekethekileyo yenguqu.
Ukusuka kwimimandla enamajelo amaninzi kuye kwiimimandla efuna uncedo ngamandla.
Ukusuka kwindawo ezingayixeliyo ukuba imali ziyenzeni , kuye kwindawo eza kunika ingxelo ngemali.
Le iza kufuna urhulumente angenelele ngokufaka imali nangezinye iindlela ukuqinisekisa ukuba olu tshintsho luyenzeka nokwakha amaseko nomthamo weziko kwimibutho noluntu ebilikade lihlelelekile , ingakumbi kwimimandla yasezilalini.
Emakujongwe ukulinganisa inguqu.
Imigaqo nkqubo neenkqubo zayo zangaphakathi kudibanisa nomgaqo-siseko kwimiba, zifana nemiqathango /nemigaqo yoMgaqo-siseko weRipabliki yoMzantsi Afrika neminye imigaqo-nkqubo nezinto emazenziwe kuqala zesizwe nezephondo.
Kukho ubungqina obubonakalayo bokuba iinkonzo zazo zizise kubona bantu bahluphekekile nabona bantu bahlelelekileyo.
Kukho sicwng ciso esikhoyo sokuvuselela ukufikelelela kwiinkonzo nakwizibonelelo kwaye le nto ithethwa rhoqo , ngokucacileyo kwaye ithethwa kumntu wonke.
Kukho ubungqina obubonakalayo bokuba isakhiwo okanye ubume bezibonelelo zazo zibonisa abantu kummandla othile nabantu ebesebenzelayo.
Isakhiwo sesibonelelo okanye ukuqulunqwa kolawulo lweBhodi, isakhiwo solawulo lwemihla ngemihla nestafu saso , sibonisa uluntu eluncedayo.
Kukho ubungqina obubonakayo benxaxheba ethathwe kwabenzelwayo, ekubhekiswa kubo, noluntu ekuyilweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo neeprogramu zokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo.
Kukho ubungqina obubonakalayo bokuthatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwabaniki-zinkonzo kwizakhiwo zoluntu nakunxibelelwano.
Kukho ubungqina obubonakalayo bokuba imibutho esele imile yabelana ngamajelo, ulwazi ubuchwephesheya nenkxaso yobuchule nemibutho emincinci eselekelezwe kuluntu, ukwenzela ukuba yomibini ixhamle ngokuxhotyiswa ngokufanelekileyo nangokuyimpumelelo.
Kukho umniki-nkonzo omnye uhambisa iinkonzo eziyeleleneyo nezifanayo, kodwa kuya kuqalwa kuqwalaselwe abanezicwangciso zokunika iinkonzo bedibene benenjongo zokuvuselela ukucuthwa kwemali ngokuyimpumelelo baze bongeze nexabiso kuyo.
Kukho ubungqina obubonakalayo bokuba ubunjani nomgangatho wenkonzo uyafana kubantu bonke, kungajongwanga buhlanga, isini nokukwazi ukuhlawula.
Umbutho wenza iinzame zokumisela iinkqubo ezinenjongo zokungenelela kwangethuba nokuthintela uze usebenzise abasebenzi abaninzi bezentlalo-ntle.
Kukho ubungqina obubonakalayo bokuba xa inkonzo iyinto yokuqala, inenjongo yokugcina ababonelwayo noluntu ezindlwini zabo. Xa kubonakala ukuba olunye ulondolozo ngokuhlolwa ziingcali yiyona nto ibalulekileyo, kufuneka ke ibe neenjongo zokuvuselela nokugcina uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwamakhaya noluntu. Xa kubhekiswa ebantwaneni inkonzo mayibe nenjongo zokulondoloza nokudibanisa amakhaya.
Kukho ubungqina obubonakalayo bokuqeqesha istafu nolawulo oluqinisekisa ukuba banalo ulwazi ngenkqubela phambili ezintsha kuhanjiso lweenkonzo, nezandisa amandla abo okumelana neemfuno kunye nemingeni.
Kukho ubungqina obubonakalayo beenzame zokwenza umbutho ungaxhomekeki kakhulu kwingxowa-mali karhulumente, uze uzimele ngasezimalini.
Abaniki-zinkonzo babhekisa kubantu basemthethweni abafana nemibutho okanye amaqumrhu akhupha iinkonzo zentlalo-ntle. Ukuze kunikwe umfanekiso obanzi wabo bonke abaniki-zinkonzo, kufuneka bohlulwe babe ziindidi zamaqela amathathu.
Le ke yimibutho esebenza kumgangatho wesizwe , wephondo nowengingqi kuquka nemibutho esekelezele eluntwini.. Inokusekwa ize isebenze njengemibutho ezisebenzelayo, iitrasti, okanye icandelo lemkampani engu 21. Eyona nto ifanayo kule mibutho yeyokuba ayijonge nzuzo.
Le mibutho ke ikhupha iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso lwentlalo-ntle ezenza ingeniso.
La ke ngamaqela abantu abathi badibanise ubuchule babo okanye balungise iimfuno ezithile benomoya wokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo. Amanye amaqela okanye amaqumrhu enza ingeniso njengenjongo zabo.
La maqela anoqhagamshelwano neenkonzo ezahlukeneyo , nawo anika iinkonzo ebalulekileyo eluntwini. Amanye ala maqela anqulunqwe ngokuqingqekileyo , amanye abhalisile, ngoko ke ayangena kumhlathi 8.1.
Amasebe eSizwe nawephondo lezeNtlalo-ntle awohlukeneyo akhupha iinkonzo ezibhekiselele kuphuhliso lwentlalo jonga kwimali esisahlulo 9.2.
Amaqumrhu axhasa urhulumente ngamaqumrhu angadibenanga necandelo likarhulumente wesizwe okanye wephondo kodwa asebenza ecaleni kukarhulumente kodwa alawulwa ngumthetho wecandelo likarhulumente. Akhupha ingxelo ngoko mthetho wePFMA, wowe 1999. Amaqumrhu akhupha inkonzo egqalileyo engaphantsi kwalo mgaqo-nkqubo wezemali, njengophuhliso nophando.
Izimali uRhulumente uphawule into yokuba imali yenkonzo yecandelo loluntu, elabahluphekileyo nabo bazizisulu akayikhuphi yedwa, koko uyikhupha nemibutho ingakumbi emileyo kuba nayo inawo amandla namaseko afunekayo okuvelisa imali. Kukuxhomekeka kwiimeko zezimali ezi zakuchazwa apha ngezantsi, apho iimali zikhutshwa ngolwazi lokuba le mibutho iya kwaye iza kuvelisa iimali kwamanye amajelo anje ngamaqumrhu , amasebe, imibutho ebonelela ngemali, iiprogramu ezinoxanduva lentlalo yamaqumrhu ezivela kwicandelo leshishini eliprayivethi, itrasti, ingxowa-mali nakwimali ezivela kumdlalo weLotari.
Eli candela lilandelayo linenjongo zokunika izikhokelo ngokubhekiselele kwimali yentlalo-ntle necandelo lophuhliso lwentlalo lokuhambisa iinkonzo . Eli candela liza kusebenza le mimandla ilandelayo.
iSebe lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuququzeleleni ukukhutshwa kweenkonzo . Le nto iyenza ngokwayo okanye iqeshe abaniki ziinkonzo. Uxwebhu lo mgaqo-nkqubo lithathe le yokugqibela.uRhulumente njengekhontraka uthenge iinkonzo ngokweendlela ezintathu.
Ukuthenga nokukhupha imali ngenkqubo yokunika amaxabiso evalelekileyo. Kuzo zonke ezimeko iSebe liqala ngokwalo ukubona iimfuno nokumema izicelo kubaniki ziinkonzo abafanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa abaniki-ziinkonzo basiwa apho bafuneka khona.
Ukuthenga nokukhupha imali ngesiniki-maxabiso esivalelekileyo. Kwezi meko izimemo zokukhutshwa kweenkonzo zenziwa ngokweenkqubo zokunika amaxabiso nemigaqo-nkqubo.
Le ndlela yobonelelo ngezimali ingaqwalaselwa apho inkonzo ikwisigaba sophuhliso, kwaye ayikangeni kubonelelo ngezimali ngokwemigaqo yohlolo ebekiweyo.
Olu hlobo lungasetyenziswa kwizinto ezingatyiwayo ezifana nefanitshala, izixhobo nolondolozo. Lungasetyenziswa kwimeko nganye yophuhliso lwamaseko ngokulawulwa kukuthobela iimfuno zomthetho ngokwemigaqo yobunini.
Olu hlobo lusebenza kanye, kwaye lulunge kwii-projekthi ezifuna imali zokuqalisa ukuze zizimele.
Olu hlobo lubhekisa apho abanini mali abohlukeneyo bagqiba ekunikeni imali kwinkonzo bedibene okanye banika iinxenye ezahlukeneyo zenkonzo enkulu.
Le ndlela yobonelelo ngezimali ibhekisa kwiinkonzo ezisebenza kwisithuba eside kwaye zinenjongo zexesha elide nenzuzo zazo zixhomekeke kwisibonelelo esivela kwiSebe, sokuba zikwazi ukuqhubekeka , nokufumana iinkcitho zemihla ngemihla lo mzuzu isephantsi kwekhontrakthi.
Eli candelo lisibonisa indlela isebe eligqithisa ngayo intlawulo kubaniki-nkonzo abanekhontrakthi norhulumente.
Le ndlela yentlawulo isetyenziswa xa intlawulo elandelayo ixhomekeke kwiziphumo ezifumaneke kwisigaba esesigqithile.
Kuza kuqwalaselwa ukugqithiswa kwesambuku esisabelo sonke kubaniki-nkonzo abanemizila yerekhodi elaziwayo lokuthobela, nelikwaziyo ukuphendula. Le ke ibhekisa kwiindlela zentlawulo ezingafanelekanga, phakathi kwezinye, ziimeko zokuhamba kwemali nomgangatho wayo osezantsi.
Le ndlela yentlawulo ithetha ukuba isabelo sonyaka sohlulwe ngokweenyanga, ngekota ngokwenxenye ezintandathu ngenyanga, ize ihlawulwe ngezixa ezilinganayo, ukuze ikwazi ukunceda kulawulo lokuhamba kwemali nokulawula inkcitho.
iSebe linelungelo lokujonga ukuba loluphi uhlobo olulunge kakhulu lokuba lulunike umniki- nkonzo. Nanjalo, iSebe liza kuqwalasela abantu abamele umniki-nkonzo ukuze kufumaneke enye intlawulo.
Umniki-nkonzo uya kuba semthweni wokufumana imbasa yemali kwiSebe lezeNtlalo-ntle xa ehlangabezana nezi mfuno zilandelayo.
ngumntu osemthethweni aze abhalise kumagunya afanelekileyo ngumbutho ongenzi nzuzo ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho weMibutho eNgenzi Nzuzo wowe 1997 , ube ngaphantsi kombutho ongenzi nzuzo obhalisileyo okanye ukwazi ukuba nesiqinisekiso sokuba umbutho ukwinkqubo yokuzibhalisa ngaphantsi koMthetho weMibutho eNgenzi Nzuzo, ngaphandle kokuba inkonzo leyo yenziwe ngenkqubo yomniki-maxabiso evulelekileyo.
unika inkonzo okanye uzimisele ukunika abantu iinkonzo noluntu oluthile ngokwezinto zokuqala neenjongo zikarhulumente zeSebe nomgaqo siseko oquka ilungiselelo lophuhliso lweenkonzo zentlalo.
Vuselele ukulingana kokusasazwa, hanjiswa kweenkonzo eziqulunqiweyo, kudibanise nokwakhiwa kweekomiti zolawulo ezibonisa ngokubanzi uluntu ezilusebenzelayo.
Ubhalise ngokusemthethweni ngokwemigaqo yawo nawuphina umthetho obhekiselele kwizinto ezidibene nenkonzo umz.
Uxhasa azimisele ekwabeleni amajelo nokuhambisa ubuchule kwimibutho esakhulayo.
Indima nomsebenzi womniki nkonzo noweSebe uza kuchazwa kakuhle kwikhontrakthi esayinwe ngala maqela mabini.
Uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lusekelezelwe kwinkcitho yexesha elifutshane (MTEF) esisicwangciso seminyaka nesiquka isangqa seminyaka emithathu.i MTEF yenza urhulumente akwazi ukucwangcisa ngobuchule amajelo email ekujoliswe kuwo.URhulumente kufuneka abe kwimeko aza kuthi akwazi ukujonga izinto ezi zakwenziwa ngemali kuhanjiso lwenkonzo kwiminyaka ngeminyaka , ukuze akwazi ukuphendula kakuhle kwiimfuno zophuhliso lwentlalo-ntle.
Kufuneka isicwangciso seshishini siveze kangako sinakho isicwangciso seminyaka emithathu nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwesithuba seminyaka emithathu. Lo nto iza kubangela ukuba uRhulumente akwazi ukuqwalasela amalinge ophuhliso exesha elide ahamba kakuhle nakwaziyo ukwenzeka nanenjongo zokulungisa izinto zokuqala zinike novakalelo kukuqhutywa kwenguqu. Imigangatho yemali yonyaka olandelayo nokwamkelwa kwesibonelelo semali sexesha elide , zakuxhomekeka kwiziphumo zovavanyo ezenziwe ngokweenjongo ezibekiweyo nezizakuthi umnikinkonzo akwazi ukuhlangabezana nazo. Izinto ezilindelekileyo malunga nesibonelelo semali nokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo siyenziwa ziqingqeke zenziwe zibe zikhontrakthi ezibhalwe phantsi zize zisayinwe liSebe nomniki-nkonzo. Injongo yokungena kwezikhontrakthi kukuqinisekisa izinto ekuvunyelwana ngazo nemisebenzi zibhalwe kakuhle phantsi. Ukongeza, ikhontrakthi ibeka phantsi izibophelelo ezijongene nomniki-nkonzo ngokubhekiselele kwizinto azenzayo, anike ingxelo akwazi nokuphendula, abe neenkqubo zokubeka iliso nezokubeka eskalini ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali zoluntu ziya kwazi ukwaziwa ukuba zenze ntoni.
iSebe linokungena kwikhontrakthi unyaka omnye okanye ngamanye amaxesha iminyaka emininzi. Le yokugqibela yenzeka xa iSebe libona ukuba unyaka omnye akazokufaneleka, ngenxa yemo yenkonzo, uhlobo nomgangatho wokutyala neyokucwangcisa.
Amalungiselelo okubeka iliso nokubeka eskalini.
Ukubeka iliso nokubeka eskalini yinkqubo eqhubekekayo nephuhlisayo.
Injongo yokubeka iliso nokubeka eskalini kukuhlola ukulandelwa kwekhontraka, ngokwemigaqo yokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo nokulawulwa kwezimali. Kungasetyenziswa lamanqaku alandelayo, kodwa kusenokungasetyenziswa wona wodwa.
Awemali -indlela umnikinkonzo alandela ngayo imigomo yezemali neemfuno ezibhalwe phantsi kwikhontrakthi, ivumelane nemithetho neemfuno ezibekwe phantsi kwikhontrakthi nokuba indlela yobuchule eyokumisela neyokusebenza inegalelo ekufunyanweni kwekujoliswe kuko, kwakhona iza neziphumo kutyalo nakwixabiso lemali.
Umthengi - le ijonge kukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ngokunjalo nabathengi okanye ekubhekiswa kubo, ibonisa ukukwazi ukuphendula, ixesha, ukunyaniseka, novelwano olubhekisa kubasebenzisi ekuhanjisweni kweenkonzo. Iquka ukwalatha nokwahlula ummandla wenkonzo ize yenze umlinganiselo kumsebenzi wombutho.
Indlela yombutho (ishishini elingaphakathi) le ndlela igxila kwiinkqubo zangaphakathi ekufuneka umniki-nkonzo ezifumene ukuze azuze iinjongo zakhe zobuchule Iinkqubo zeshishini zangaphakathi mazilungelelanise impucuko yomsebenzi oqhubekekayo ngokubhekiselele kukusebenza kakuhle kombutho namandla awo okuhambisa obujolise kuzo nokuzuza ukwaneliseka kwabathengi. Le nto ithetha ukuba kufuneka umniki nkonzo afune okusingqongileyo okuza kuvumelana nezinto zenguqu.
Indlela yokuphucula nenkcubeko yokufunda- umbutho kufuneka usoloko udibanisa imveliso neenkonzo eziya kuba thengi ukugcina izinto zophuhliso zeli xesha nezinto ezifunekayo ukulungiselela inkonzo leyo. Le ke ibhekisa nakukuphucuka kumgangatho wenkonzo okuqhubekayo. Le ithetha ukuba ilungiselelo lokuqeqeshwa nokuxhotyiswa kwestafu sikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi esabelwe yona, siphuhlise owona msebenzi nokuvuselela ukufunda nokukhula kombutho.
Kufuneka umniki-nkonzo abeke esweni owakhe umsebenzi, edibene nabo abasebenzelayo, ngokunjalo nokuqinisekisa ukuba uhambisa inkonzo esemgangathweni. iSebe liza kusebenzisa olu lwazi njengenxenye yenkqubo yayo yokubeka esweni naseskalini.
Ukuphungulwa ukunqunyanyiswa nokupheliswa kwenkxaso-mali iSebe linelungelo lokuphungula, lokunqumamisa okanye ukuphelisa inkxaso-mali ngokusekelezela ekuhlolweni. ubungakanani bokungalandeli izinto ezikwikhontrakthi.
Azigcinwanga iinjongo ebe kuvunyelwana ngazo.
Ukugqithiswa kwentlawulo okanye isibonelelo esinika ixabiso le mali ngokubhekiselele kwisizathu senjongo zoko.
Apho isibonelelo semali kucingwa ukuba sicuthiwe, sinqunyanyisiwe okanye siphelisiwe iSebe liza kuthi ngokomthetho ojikelezayo lisebenze ngokweemfuno zolawulo nezobulungisa. Ezo ziza kuquka ezi zilandelayo.
Linike isaziso esanelisayo ngalo naliphina ilungelo okanye ukuhlolwa kwakhona kwesibheno sangaphakathi xa sikhona.
Isinciphiso, isinqumamiso okanye ukupheliswa kuza kukhokelwa kumaxesha amaninzi kukucetyswa kwiinzame zokwenza umniki-nkonzo akwazi ukulungisa imeko leyo. Nanjalo , kwiimeko ezithile ukophula kunganobuzaza , kangangokuba singapheliswa isibonelelo semali ngoko nangoko, mhlawumbi impela okanye isithuba okanye ixesha elithile.
Iimbambano zivela ubukhulu becala kwimibandela ebhekiselele kutoliko nokumiselwa komgaqo-siseko kuquka nokuhlolwa nokubekwa eskalini seenkqubo neenkonzo, ukunyula nokwaba amajelo kubaniki-nkonzo , ngokunjalo nakukuncitshiswa, ukunqunyanyiswa nokupheliswa kokukhutshwa nokupheliswa kokukhutshwa kweembasa./kwebhaso lemali.
Ukusasazwa ngokulinganayo kwamajelo, ukulungisa ukungalingani ebe kukade kukho ngaphambili.
Ukucebisana kuphuhliso nokumiselwa kwemigaqo nkqubo yesebe neendlela ezinobuchule.
Ukucebisana kuza kwenzeka kwisigunyaziso seSebe njengoko kuchaziwe kwimithetho ebhekisa apha, amalungiselelo omgaqo-nkqubo kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali nakwizikhokelo ezinobuchule.
Iinkqubo zolawulo ezibhekisa kulo mgaqo -nkqubo ziza kwenziwa kukhutshwe nee nkcukacha kwelinye iphepha elilodwa. Kufuneka amaPhondo enze iinkqubo zezikhokelo zokumisela imigaqo-nkqubo. Ezi ke kufuneka ngokudibene ne kwakhona njengenxenye yalo mgaqo-nkqubo.
Kuyabonakala ukuba amasebe ephondo nawesizwe jikelele akanamthamo/akanamandla okumisela nokwenza lo mgaqo-nkqubo.
Uxanduva lokukwazi ukuphendula kwiinkqubo zabasebenzi, amaqumrhu olawulo, ababoneleli ngezimali, amaziko karhulumente eenkonzo ezikhutshwayo ezininzi ezisemgangathweni, ukwabiwa nokusetyenziswa kwamajelo, nokuphunyezwa kweenjongo/ebekujoliswe kuzo.
Iingxelo mali eziphicothwe ngumphicothi obhalisiweyo okanye umphicothi zincwadi ebonisa ubume bonke bezimali ngokubhekiselele kwimiqathango yokubala evunywe jikelele.
Ngumntu ofumana isibonelelo okanye olunye uncedo kwiprojekthi okanye i programu.
Luqikelelo olusetyenziswa kwinkunzi/isambuku nenye inkcitho efunwa ziinkonzo ukulungiselela ixesha/isithuba esithile, ngokunjalo namajelo okwenyani alindelekileyo engeniso aza kwenziwa ngexesha elinye elifanayo.
Isicwangciso esenziwa kakuhle sendlela abaniki-nkonzo abazimisele ngayo ukukhupha iinkonzo kubantu abazilindeleyo nendlela aza kusetynziswa ngayo amajelo.
Iinkcukacha ezivela kuphando olusemthethweni lwabantu boMzantsi Afrika ngowe 2001 esetyenziswa ukucwangcisela ulawulo lwesizwe.
Imibutho eqalwe ngabantu belizwe equka amaqela oovukuzenzele namaqumrhu enkolo nawokusebenza nemibutho yoluntu.
Umbutho osekelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zoluntu olusebenzayo.
Inkqubo nendlela enenjongo zokuqinisa amandla abantu ekukwazini ukuphendula iimfuno zabo, nokuphucula amandla abo okuphuhlisa ngokusebenzisa abantu abaneembono neenkqubo zokuxhobisa.
Uxwebhu oluqingqiweyo lokufunxa iingxelo ezifumanekayo, iimbono neenjongo ezibanzi zombutho, ezidibanisa zonke iinkqubo, nemiqathango efunekayo kulawulo lorhulumente oluhamba kakuhle nolusebenzayo. Xa kuthethwa ngetrasti ebhalisiweyo, okanye amaqumrhu emali, le ke idibanisa netayitile yetrasti ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho wokuThintela Impahla yeTrasti (uMthetho no.57 wowe 1988) kwakhona nenkampani ebhalise phantsi kwecandelo 21(section 21).
LiSebe leSizwe nelephondo elinoxanduva lokunika/lokukhupha uphuhliso lwezentlalo neenkonzo zentlalo ezithe ngqo okanye ezolunye uhlobo. Le iquka nayiphina ingingqi, isithili okanye i-ofisi yasekuhlaleni yamasebe anjalo.
Le ibhekisa kukhuselo lwezentlalo, ukwandisa umsebenzi wabantu, nokuqinisa ukuzithemba nothatho-nxaxheba kwizigqibo ezithathwayo. Igxininisa kwinjongo nesiphumo sokuba sisisulu kwezentlalo nokubekelwa bucala , nohanjiso lweenkonzo ezidibeneyo kuluntu, kumakhaya nakubantu abachaphazelekayo.
Ukwahlulwa kwemali kulungiselelwa uphuhliso lwezentlalo-ntle olwamkelekileyo.
IMveliso yasekhaya esisaMbuku (GDP) lixabiso elipheleleyo lwempahla eveliswayo neenkonzo ezikhutshwa elizweni kunyaka omnye.
Ukwabelana ngamajelo phakathi kwamaqela amabini ngokwendlela eza kuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zabebekade behlelelekile kuyahlangabezwana nazo ngenjongo yokufumana injongo enye.
Yindlela ezimeleyo yokuphonononga iprojekthi ukujonga ukuba isebenza kakuhle nangempumelelo na, ifuthe ukuphila nokufaneleka ngokwemigaqo yeenjongo zayo.
La aquka imemoranda, amacwecwe ombutho, okanye awenkampani, itrasti, umgaqo-nkqubo womniki-nkonzo, umbutho ozisebenzelayo okanye umbutho wesizwe.
Sisixa semali esikhutshwa qho ngenyanga kwimali zikarhulmente kumntu okanye kumbutho ofanele ukufumana uncedo-mali ngokwemigaqo yomthetho.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo yintsholongwane ehlasela amajoni akhusela umzimba. uGawulayo sisifo esihlasela umzimba uze ungakwazi ukulwa izifo ezidla ngokukhokelela ekufeni.
Yintlanganiso phakathi kwabantu bepolitiki neentloko zikarhulumente kunye noluntu beneenjongo zokwabelana kwanokuxoxa ngemiba edla uluntu kunye nelizwe.
Umbutho onomgaqo-siseko okanye amaxwebhu okusungula kwaye ubhalisiwe kumagunya afanelekileyo.
Imibutho ezimeleyo, amaqumrhu, iitrasti, iinkampani, okanye eminye imibutho yabantu esebenza kumgangatho wesizwe, wephondo nowe /okanye okhupha iinkonzo zentlalo-ntle kodwa ungazikhupheli kufumana ingeniso, koko usenzela abantu. Ingeniso neempahla azinikwa malungu abo okanye abanezikhundla ezi ofisini ngaphandle kwembuyekezo evakalayo ueenk0onzo ezenziweyo. Ezi ndawo zinoku/oknye zinokungabhaliswa ngokwemigaqo yoMthetho weMibutho engenzi nzuzo wowe 1997 (uMthetho no.71 wowe 1997) uMthetho weNtlalo weSizwe (uMthetho no.100 wowe 1978) okanye nawuphini omnye umthetho wentlalo olawula olu hlobo lwenkonzo.
iQela labantu elinyuliweyo okanye abamenyiweyo lokunika ubunkokheli nezikhokelo nokulawula imicimbi yeNPO. Ezi zidibanisa abantu abanobuchule obudibeneyo nobuchwephesha obufunwa ngumbutho.
Ukujongwa okuqhubekekayo kokumiselwa kweprojekthi, ukuqinisekisa amagalelo, iintshukumo, nemibandela yangaphandle eziziphumo zokucwangcisiweyo.
Umzamo wobambiswano phakathi kukarhulumente, uluntu jikelele, necandelo leshishini lokuhambisa iinkonzo.
Esi sisithuba esisemva kokupheliswa kocalu-calulo, apho bekusekwe urhulumente omtsha kukho imigaqo efakwe kuMgaqo-siseko ibeyinxenye karhulumente.
Imeko yamakhaya , yabantu ngabantu kunye /okanye amaqela aphila ngaphantsi komgca wentlupheko, nabantu abangenawo amajelo okuhlangabezana nemingeni yobomi nezinto zabo ezisisiseko.
Isipho esivela ebantwini okanye kwimibutho esebenza ngokuzimeleyo kurhulumente.
Iqela leeprojekthi okanye iinkonzo ezijongise ekufumaneni iinjongo ezithile.
Abantu, imibutho nezakhiwo ezikhupha inkonzo yentlalo-ntle kumgangatho wesizwe kowephondo nakowengingqi ngenjongo zokomeleza umsebenzi wabo wentlalo. Abaniki-zinkonzo bangaquka ootitshala, ooNontlalo-ntle abalondolozi babantwana nabolutsha, amanesi, amapolisa njalo njalo.
Le ndlela idibanisa iinjongo zoqoqosho nezentlalo. Ayijonganga ezi kuphela koko yomeleza nophuhliso loqoqosho ilungiselela ukufumana ezentlalo ekujoliswe kuzo.
Ezi ziinkonzo ezibanzi neziqulatheleneyo ezibhekisa kwiinkonzo zentlao-ntle nophuhliso loluntu olukhutshelwa ukuqinisekisa ukubambana nokuphila kwemizamo engenelelayo.
Yinkqubo yokutshintsha amalungiselelo nendlela ezithi iinkonzo zisebenze ngayo ukuthobela isigunyaziso somthetho nesomgaqo-nkqubo obhekiselela kwimali zabaniki-nkonzo.
Umntu osebenzela uluntu nenkonzo , nolawulo okanye ukunyusa ingxowa-mali amaxesha amaninzi ngaphandle kwentlawulo. Ngamanye amaxesha amatyala enziwe livolontiya abhatalwa yii NPO, okanye ii NGO, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha banikwa ibhaso.
Yimibutho enamandla namajelo okufezekisa iinjongo zayo.
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Olu luphando olubanzi lwendlela engene ngayo imfundo yamalungelo oluntu eMzantsi Afrika. Njengoko ethathelwe kumaxwebhu amazwe-ngamazwe naweengingqi, amalungelo oluntu adinga ukuba umkhondo wawo ulandwe ngaphandle, ze angeniswe ngaphakathi. Nangona kukho imida kuphando olufakwe yinto yokuba ingcamango yamalungelo oluntu ithe yaqondwa kutsha nje eMzantsi Afrika, ukufundwa ngenyameko kwamaxwebhu ezizwe-ngezizwe, aweengingqi nawesizwe kuya kunikwa kwesi saHluko.
Izenzo zenkohlakalo abathi bazifumana abantu ngexesha leMfazwe yesiBini yeHlabathi zakhokelela kukuba iziZwe eziManyeneyo zithathe isigqibo sokuvakalisa ukuzinikela kwazo ekuqondeni nasekukhuseleni amalungelo oluntu. Le ntshukumo yaqala ngo-1946 ngexesha iNtlangano yeziZwe eziManyeneyo yathi yaqulunqa umQulu weziZwe eziManyeneyo. Intshayelelo yawo yaqinisela "ukholo kumalungelo asisiseko soluntu, kwisidima nokuxabiseka kwabantu ngabanye, kumalungelo alinganayo amadoda nabafazi".
UMzantsi Afrika, njengelizwe elililungu, wadlala indima ephambili kulo mQulu kuba iNkulumbuso yawo, uNjengele Smuts, wathi wenza ilinge lokuqala lalo mQulu. Amanqaku alo mQulu phakathi, kwezinye izinto, anyanzelisa iziZwe eziManyeneyo ukuba zikhuthaze ukuhloniphana ukuze kugcinwe amalungelo oluntu nokukhululeka okusisiseko kubo bonke kungekho kucalulwa ngobuhlanga, ubuni, ulwimi okanye inkolo.
Ngokwenqaku lama-56, kwakulindeleke ukuba onke amazwe angamalungu aya kuthobela imimiselo yolu xwebhu. Kodwa ke, kwakhawuleza kwacaca ukuba uMzantsi Afrika wawuqhubeka nokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu. Nangona iziZwe eziManyeneyo zabuyisela izigqibo zazo zokuba ngenxa yoluntu kupheliswe ukucalula ngokobuhlanga, iManyano/iliZwe loMzantsi Afrika laqhubeka nesenzo salo sokunyhasha amalungelo oluntu.
Le mbono yayisekelwe kwinqaku 2.7 lomQulu elalela ukungenelela kweNtlangano Jikelele 'kwimiba yekhaya', elathathwa njengelinika ilungelo lokwaphulwa okumandla kwamalungelo oluntu. Ucalulo ngokobuhlanga eMzantsi Afrika lubonakala lungahambelani nezibophelelo ezikulo mQulu, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba ngo-1982 iziZwe eziManyeneyo zagqiba ukuba ziqhawule amatyathanga ozakuzelwano noMzantsi Afrika.
Inqaku 2.7 ladala ukungaqondi phakathi kwamalungelo kunye nezibophelelo zawo, kumazwe angamalungu njengoko linike umsindleko wokuba akukho nto iqulethwe ngulo mQulu iya kugunyazisa iziZwe eziManyeneyo ukuba zingenelele kwimibandela engaphakathi kobunganga balo naliphi na ilizwe okanye iya kufuna ukuba amalungu angenise imiba ukuze isonjululwe kulo mQulu ukhoyo, kodwa lo mqathango awuyi kujongela phantsi ukusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo anyanzelisayo phantsi kwesaHluko VII.
Nangona ubeneziphene, lo mqulu udlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni nasekumiseleni ngokutsha imimiselo nemigangatho yamalungelo oluntu kwizizwe-ngezizwe. Umzekelo, amaqumrhu awohlukeneyo athi amiselwa phantsi kwamagunya eziZwe eziManyeneyo, kuzalisekiswa izibophelelo zalo mQulu. La manyathelo ayeba kwimo yezibhengezo okanye izivumelwano. Izandulela zeziVumelwano zinemiqathango ebanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni kwezivumelwano. Uxwebhu lokuqala ukwamkelwa ngo-1948 yaba sisiBhengezo samaLungelo oluNtu kwiHlabathi lonke. Olu xwebhu lwamkelwa ngamazwe angama-48 angamalungu kulawo angama-56, njengoko asi-8 kuquka noMzantsi Afrika engazange avote. Nangona kunjalo olu xwebhu luthe lwafumana ukwamkelwa okubanzi kwimimandla yangaphakathi nakumazwe-ngamazwe njengento ebeka umgangatho. Kwakhona, luthe lwabonisa ukusebenza okuchanekileyo koluvo lweziZwe eziManyeneyo malunga nobhengezo. Olu luvo luvakaliswe kwimemorandam eyaziswe kakuhle efumaneka kwi-ofisi yemiCimbi yezomThetho njengoluthi 'ngenxa yondiliseko nokubaluleka kwesibhengezo, lusenokuthathwa njengolunefuthe ekulungiseleleni elo qumrhu lilwamkelayo. Okulindeleke kakhulu kukuba amalungu oluntu lwamazwe-ngamazwe aya kuluthobela. Ekugqibeleni, njengokuba okulindelekileyo kusithi ngcembe ukuthethelelwa sisenzo seliZwe, isibhengezo sisenokuthi, ngokwesithethe samkelwe njengemithetho ebophelela amazwe. Ukulungiselela ukuba semthethweni kwesiBhengezo seHlabathi samaLungelo oluNtu, umNqophiso weziZwe-ngezizwe wamaLungelo eNtlalo noPolitiko kunye nomNqophiso wamaLungelo oQoqosho, iNtlalo neNkcubeko sathi samkelwa ziziZwe eziManyeneyo ngenjongo evakalisiweyo yokuguqula ukungabopheleli kwesibhengezo ukuze sibe zizimiselo ezibophelelayo ngokwasemthethweni ezaziwa ngokuqhelekileyo njengomQulu wamaLungelo wamazwe-ngamazwe.' Oku kwathi kwamkelwa nguMzantsi Afrika ngo-1962. Ukukhuselwa okongezelelekileyo kwamalungelo oluntu kwathi kwaphunyezwa ngokuphuhliswa kwamxwebhu eengingqi anjengesiVumelwano sase-Yurophu ngo-1950, esasilungiselelwe ukukhusela amalungelo oluntu nokukhululeka okusisiseko. Iziqulatho zesiVumelwano saseYurophu zathi zamkelwa okokuqala eMzantsi Afrika kumQulu wamaLungelo oluntu waseBophuthatswana. Kodwa ke le ngcamango yathi yakhatywa nguRhulumente wangaphambili eMzantsi Afrika owayenolawulo olupheleleyo lwamaphandle.
Kule ngxoxo ingasentla kuyacaca ukuba inkcubeko yamalungelo oluntu kwafuneka yande ngokuhambelana nemisindleko yomQulu weziZwe-ngeziZwe. Umzekelo, inqaku 56 licacisa ukuba amalungu ayazibophelela ukuba athathe intshukumo ehlangeneyo neyahlukeneyo ngokubambisana neli qumrhu ukuze kufikelelwe kwiinjongo ezichakwe kwinqaku 55. EMzantsi Afrika uphuhliso lwamaLungelo oluNtu lwathi lwathintelwa lulawulo lobukholoniyali, yiyo le nto iziZwe eziManyeneyo zasilela kuqala kumzamo wazo wokuwoyisela ukuba uguqule iinkqubo zocalulo de zamisela ukwayo ngo-1982. Okwelo xesha inkcubeko yamalungelo oluntu yakwazi ukungena e-Afrika ngexesha iQumrhu leManyano ye-Afrika (OAU) lathi laqulunqa umqulu we-Afrika ngo-1961.
Nangona le nkqubo yalibaziseka kangangeminyaka engama-20, phakathi kwamalinge okuqala ukwamkelwa koxwebhu ngo-1981, njengomqulu waseBanjul, kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu ekwamkelweni kwentshukumo yamalungelo oluntu e-Afrika. Olona phawu lucacileyo lolu xwebhu yaba kukwamkelwa 'kwamalungelo abantu' abonisa ukuzinikela ekwandiseni ingcamango yamalungelo oluntu. Oku kuvakaliswa kwintshayelelo yalo apho kuthethwa ngesithembiso esenziwa ngamzwe angamalungu ukuze 'kuphuculwe ubomi babo bonke abantu base-Afrika'. Si senzo safaka umgeni kuMzantsi Afrika kuba wawungekanikezeli kulwamkelo nokhuselo lwamalungelo oluntu. Okubalulekileyo yayikukuhlanganisa amalungelo abantu achakwe kumqulu we-Afrika kunye namalungelo abantu ngabanye awayekhethwa ngamaxwebhu amazwe-ngamazwe. Kwaye kwacaca ngoko ukuba uMzantsi Afrika kufuneka nawo wenze njalo ngokuvuma amalungelo oluntu phambi kokuba kuphunyezwe umQulu we-Afrka eMzantsi Afrika.
Lo mngeni wathathwa ngamaGqwetha entshukumo yamaLungelo oluNtu, awathi amiselwa eMzantsi Afrka ngo-1979. Eyona njongo yawo iphambili yayikukugcina nokomeleza amalungelo oluntu, ngokunxulumene nomgaqo womthetho nolawulo lobulungisa kunye nokhuselo lweenkululeko ezisisiseko ngokuhambisana nesiBhengezo samaLungelo oluntu kwiHlabathi. Ngo-1987, iziko lolawulo elimiyo lathi lamiselwa ukuba libambe amaphulo alungiselela ukhuseleko nonyanzeliso lwamalungelo asisiseko. Eli qela laba nefuthe elikhulu eMzantsi Afrika kangangokuba kwakhawuleza kwacaca ukuba ukuhlengahlengiswa komgaqo-siseko yinto engenakuphetshwa, ngeenjongo zokukhusela amalungelo oluntu.
Ngaphambi komGaqo-siseko weThutyana ka-1993, kwafakwa uxinzelelo lokuba kwamkelwe ze kukhuselwe amalungelo oluntu eMzantsi Afrika kusetyenziswa amaxwebhu amazwe-ngamazwe, aweengingqi nawesizwe. La maxwebhu ngala; umQulu weziZwe eziManyeneyo, isiBhengezo samaLungelo oluNtu kwiHlabathi, umQulu we-Afrika, umQulu womButho wesiZwe wama-Africa (ANC) kunye namaphulo ezemfundo ayebanjwa yintshukumo yamaGqwetha amaLungelo oluNtu. Uxinzelelo lwamazwe-ngamazwe lokusatyalaliswa, oko kukuthi ukupheliswa kombuso wocalulo, kwakhokelela kwinkqubo yohlengahlengiso lomgaqo-siseko okwaphelela kwipalamente engunxantathu ngo-1983. Oku kwakusalatha iimpawu zokuqaleka kokuphela kwexesha elalingqongqo ekuchaseni amalungelo oluntu, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ngo-1987 iBophuthatswana izame ukuqalisa umQulu wamaLungelo owaba yimbali kuMazantsi e-Afrika. UMzantsi Afrika wakhawuleza waqonda ukuba ucinezelo alunakubuyisela ukwamkelwa negunya lawo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni uqalise ukukhangela imizekelo emintsha yomgaqo-siseko, eyayiya kwamkela ukuqondwa nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo oluntu. Yiyo loo nto ngo-1986 umPhathiswa wobuLungisa (uCootze JH), wanyula iKhomishoni yomThetho yoMzantsi Afrika ukuba iphande ngokukhuselwa kwamalungelo oluntu. Okwelo xesha, iqela lamagqwetha achasene nocalulo (iQumrhu lamaGqwetha esiNinzi esiZwe: National Democratic Lawyers Association) laliseliqondile ukuba lalindulule uhlaziyo lomgaqo-siseko kodwa umgaqo-nkubo wesiZwe wawungekayithatheli ngqalelo iminqweno yabantu waza wabongoza iKhomishoni yomThetho yoMzantsi Afrika ukuba ifake eminye yemisindleko yomqulu weNkululeko kunye nomQulu weBanjul.
Ingcingane yokwamkelwa nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo oluntu yaba neziqhamo emva kwentetho eyaziwa kakhulu kaMongameli De Klerk (uMongameli wokugqibela weXesha loCalulo). Waaphawula ukuba, 'urhulumente uyawamkela umqathango wokuqondwa nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo asisiseko ayinxalenye yesiseko somgaqo-siseko wamazwe amaninzi asentshona. Siyakwamkela kwakhona, ukuba le ndlela iyeyona inokwenzeka yokukhusela la malungelo ifumaneka kwisibhengezo samalungelo esithethelelwa liqela lomthetho elikhululekileyo'. Waye kwakhona wabongoza iKhomishoni yomThetho yoMzantsi Afrika ukuba ingenise ingxelo yayo yokugqibela emalunga nomQulu wamaLungelo oluNtu ondululwayo.
Ngoko ke amalungelo oluntu athi amkelwa ekugqibeleni, ekhuselwe ze aphunyezwa eMzantsi Afrika aze afakwa kumGaqo-siseko ukusuka ngo-1993. Kulo mGaqo-siseko ukhoyo, icandelo 7 lisindleka ukuba umQulu wamaLungelo sisiSeko esiluQilima loLwaulo lweNtando yesiNinzi eMzantsi Afrika. Uquka amalungelo abo bonke abantu kweli lizwe lethu yaye uqinisela iinqobo zolawulo lwentando yesininzi zesidima soluntu, ukulingana nokukhululeka. Kodwa ukhuselo olupheleleyo lunikwa licandelo 8 elisindleka ukuba lo mQulu usebenza kuwo wonke umthetho yaye ubophelela indlu yowiso-thetho, isigqeba solawulo kunye neejaji zelizwe jikelele ngokuchaseneyo nomgaqo-siseko wexesha elidlulileyo, owawukhuthaza ubunganga bepalamente. Lo mgaqo-siseko uthe ekugqibeleni walungisa ukunganeli kokwamkelwa nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo oluntu. Ukuqinisekisa unyanzeliso, lo mgaqo-siseko ukwasindleke ngeejaji ezizimeleyo kunye neNkundla yomGaqo-siseko kunye neendlela zokukhusela, ezinjengezinye iinkundla neekhomishoni.
Elokuphetha, olu phando lubanzi lungasentla luthe lwabonisa ngokucacileyo ifuthe elikhulu lamaxwebhu ezizwe-ngezizwe, aweengingqi nawesizwe ekungeniseni inkcubeko yamalungelo oluntu eMzantsi Afrika. Nangona lo mGaqo-siseko unganeziphene yaye ukwanazo neengxakana, ukwazile ukulungisa iinkohlakalo ezaviwa ngabantu bethu kumbuso wangaphambili. Kwakhona, umsindleko wawo wokuthetha ngokukhululeileyo uthe waphucula ukuqonda kwabantu malunga namalungelo abo njengokuba oku kusomelezwa yile nkqubo ikhoyo yemfundo yamalungelo oluntu asisiseko ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa okongezelelekileyo komQulu wamaLungelo.
EMzantsi Afrika, kwakukho ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu nenkohlakalo eyayisenziwa ngurhulumente wocalulo kunye nezivumelwano zakhe. Sithe seva ngoninzi lwezi zinto ngexesha lokumanyelwa kwe-TRC okanye, thina, iintsapho, abahlobo okanye abamelwane bethu bathe banamava olu nyhasho lwamalungelo kunye nenkohlakalo. Ipalamente yayinobunganga, ngaphezu kwako konke okunye, yaza yaphumeza imithetho yengcinezelo, eyayisetyenziswa ziinkundla zamatyala ezazingakhululekanga. Ngenxa yoko, iintshukumo ezahlukeneyo ezichasene nocalulo eMzantsi Afrika zaqulunqa umQulu wamalungelo laza elo yaba lixwebhu lokuqala elibalulekileyo lamaLungelo oluntu, elafumana inkxaso phakathi kwenani elivisayo labantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Ngenxa yoko, ngexesha uMzantsi Afrika upapasha iziKhokelo zomGaqo-siseko wawo ukulungiselela uMzantsi Afrika weNtando yesiNinzi, lo Mqulu waba yinxalenye yazo.
Emva kokuvulwa umlomo kwawo onke amaqela ezopolitiko nokukhululwa kowayesakuba nguMongameli, uNelson Mandela, umGaqo-siseko wethutyana wathi wamiselwa. Eso yayisisandulela salo mGaqo-siseko ukhoyo, ongomnye yeyona igqwesileyo ehlabathini. UmGaqo-siseko wethu watyikitywa nguMongameli uNelson Mandela ngomHla wamaLungelo oluNtu wamaZwe-ngamazwe, umhla we-10 kuDisemba 1996.
UmGaqo-siseko wethu ngumthetho omkhulu weli lizwe yaye ukwaqula nomQulu wamaLungelo oluNtu, osisiseko esiluqilima lolawulo lwentando yesininzi eMzantsi Afrika. UmQulu wamaLungelo oluNtu ubandakanya amalungelo abo bonke abantu abaseMzantsi Afrika yaye ukwaqinisela iinqobo zolawulo lwesininzi malunga nesidima soluntu, ukulingana nokukhululeka. Ngokufaka la malungelo urhulumente uqinisekisa ukuba abemi bakhe baya kukhuseleka ze babe nenkululeko yokuphila ngendlela eyamkelekileyo kangangoko.
Amalungelo oluNtu ngala malungelo abathathwa njengokuba banawo abantu ngenxa yobuntu nesidima sabo semvelo. U-Archbishop Desmond Tutu uwachaze amalungelo oluntu 'njenganikwe nguThixo, kuba ngokulula nongokukuphela kuba singabantu. Afumaneka kwihlabathi lonke - wonke umntu, wonke nje umntu nokuba ngubani na, nokuba usisityebi okanye lihlwempu, ofundileyo nongafundanga, omhle okanye ombi ontsundu nomhlophe, indoda okanye umfazi nje ukuba ingamalungelo oluntu NjengoMkrestu ndingongeza ukuba umntu ngamnye unexabiso elingenakulinganiswa kuba wonke umntu udalwe ngokomfanekiso kaThixo. Umntu ngamnye ngumthwali-Thixo yaye ukuphatha nawuphi na umntu njengokungathi ungaphantsi koku kukonyelisa, ukutshicela ebusweni bukaThixo
Ingcingane ephambili kukuba abantu bayaqiqa yaye bayakwazi ukuziphatha, babe ngoko ke bahlukile kwezinye izidalwa eziphezu komhlaba. Ngoko ke, abantu bafanele ukuba namalungelo neenkululeko ezithile, nto ezo ezingaxhanyulwayo zezinye izidalwa. Umzekelo, i-esile alikwazi ukwala ukukhwelwa ngumntu kuba lifuna ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo, kanti alinakho nokubonisa okanye ukuhlala liqhankqalaze. Nangona kunjalo, umntu unakho ukukhuthaza ukukhuselwa kwezinye izidalwa, okunjengokuthintelwa kwenkohlakalo ngakwizilwanyana.
Ngoko ke, amaLungelo oluntu akadingi kunikwa, afunyanwe njengelifa, athengwe okanye asetyenzelwe. Abantu bazalwa nawo la malungelo yaye ngokunjalo achazwa njengamalungelo emvelo, kawonke-wonke, angenakwahlulwa yaye engenakususwa.
Liqela lemithetho okanye imigaqo equlunqelwe ukulawula ukuziphatha kwalo naliphi na iziko, ilizwe, iqela lolonwabo, isikolo okanye inkonzo. Umgaqo-siseko unika isikhokelo kumalungu eziko malunga nolwakheko, indlela yokuziphatha kunye noxanduva. Unezahluko neziqendu okanye amacandelo, umzekelo umThetho womGaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika unezahluko ezilishumi elinesine, amacandelo angamakhulu amabini anamashumi amane anesithathu, izicwangciso ezisixhenxe nezongezelelo ezine. Kwicandelo ngalinye ucacisa gca imisindleko yomThetho ngendlela yamacandelwana. Inguqulelo eyenziwe lula yokuba yenziwa njani na imithetho kunye nezahluko ezahlukeneyo zomGaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika kumThetho 108 ka-1996.
Ukuthakazelela ukubaluleka kwalo mGaqo-siseko ukhoyo imvela phi emfutshane yembali yomGaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika inikiwe, ukuveza ukuba yinqobo komGaqo-siseko ngamnye.
Ngo - 1961 - UmThetho womGaqo-siseko weRiphabhliki yoMzantsi Afrika wabonisa ukumanywa kwala maphondo mane ukwenza ilizwe elinobunganga kodwa kwakukho iimpawu zokungamelwa kwezinye iintlanga ePalamente.
Ngo-1993 - UmThetho wama-200 womGaqo-siseko weThutyana wanika umsindleko womQulu wokuqala wamaLungelo eMzantsi Afrika ngokuthi uvumele ukwamkelwa nokhuselo lwabo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika.
Ngo-1996 - UmThetho womGaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika. Olu luphuhliso lwalo mGaqo-siseko weThutyana ungasentla owazisa ezi nguqu zikhoyo kwimbali yoMzantsi Afrika okanye ukwamkelwa nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo abantu kusetyenziswa iinqobo zolawulo lwesininzi kulingano, isidima nenkululeko ezinikwa ngumQulu wamaLungelo ofumaneka kwisaHluko 2 salo mThetho ukhoyo womGaqo-siseko.
Ngurhulumente wabantu apho kulawula abantu belungiselela abantu. Igama elithi democracy lisukela kwigama lesiGrike udemos elithetha abantu kunye nokraits othetha igunya.
Ngoko ke ngurhulumente osuselwa kwigunya labantu. EMzantsi Afrika eza nqobo zintathu zolawulo lwesininzi, ezizezi; ukulingana, isidima soluntu nenkululeko zixhasa ulawulo lwesininzi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba umGaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika uthathwe njengowona ufana wodwa kwihlabathi lonke. Imiqathango yolawulo lwesininzi, eyathi yavakaliswa kumGaqo-siseko weThutyana kuqala, yiyo eyenza umahluko phakathi kwemigaqo-siseko yangaphambili nalo ukhoyo.
Le miqathango okanye iinqobo ziingcamango abathi abantu abaninzi bazithathe njengezibalulekileyo kulawulo lwesininzi. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yimikhombandlela yolawulo lwesininzi kuba xa siyibona, iziimpawu zokuba ilizwe likwindlela eya kulawulo lwesininzi. Le miqathango okanye imikhombandlela ivame ukuba yinxalenye yomGaqo-siseko okanye umQulu wamaLungelo kwilizwe lolawulo lwesininzi. Uninzi lwamazwe olawulo lwesininzi axhasa imiqathango efana nale.
Mikhombandlela mini ekufuneka siyibone kuMzantsi Afrika kwindlela eya kulawulo lwesininzi?
Bonke abemi banakho yaye banelungelo noxanduva lokuthatha inxaxheba kurhulumente nakuluntu ngokubanzi. Lo ngomnye weyona mikhombandlela ibalulekileyo yolawulo lwesininzi. Uthatho-nxaxheba ngabemi kuquka ukuzigqatsela ulonyulo, ukuvota kulonyulo, ukuba nolwazi, ukuxoxa imibandela, ukuya kwiintlanganiso zoluntu nezasekuhlaleni, ukungenelela kumaqumrhu angekho ngaphantsi korhulumente kunye namanye akhoyo ekuhlaleni, ukuhlawula iirhafu, ukuqhankqalaza, ukukhalaza, njalonjalo. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kuthetha ukuba abantu bayabandakanyeka kwimicimbi yoluntu nasekulawuleni uluntu lwabo.
Ulawulo lwesininzi lutheta ukuba bonke abantu bayalingana. Ukulingana kuthetha ukuba bonke abantu baphathwa ngokulinganayo yaye banikwa amathuba alinganayo. Akunakuba kho kucaluwa kwabantu ngenxa yobuhlanga, inkolo, ubuni, ukukekelela kwabo kwisini esithile, njalonjalo. Kulawulo lwesininzi abantu banelungelo lokugcina ze basebenzise iinkcubeko, iilwimi neenkolo zabo.
Kumazwe anolawulo lwesininzi kukho unyamezelwano ngokopolitiko. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngeli xa uninzi lwabantu lulawulayo kulawulo lwesininzi, amalungelo egcuntswana akwakhuselekile. Bonke abantu kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuba bavakalise iimbono zabo nokuba bamisele awabo amaqela ezopolitiko. Uluntu loMzantsi Afrika lwenziwe ngabantu abaneenkcubeko, iintlanga, iinkolo namaqela ezizwana ezahlukeneyo nezineembono ezahlukeneyo. Uluntu lolawulo lwesininzi luyazivumela ukuba zivakaliswe ezi yantlukwano. Abantu kulindeleke ukuba bahloniphe ilungelo labanye abantu lokuba neembono ezizezabo. Ukuphikisana nokuxoxa nemibandela zizinto ezibalulekileyo kulawulo lwesininzi.
Kulawulo lwesininzi, amagosa athi onyulwe ngabantu kulindeleke ukuba abe nokuphendula kwabo bantu. Oku kuthetha ukuba banoxanduva lwezenzo zabo. Amagosa kufuneka enze izigqibo ze enze imisebenzi yawo ngokweminqweno nentando yabatu, hayi ezabo.
Urhulumente namagosa akhe kufuneka bavuleleke kuluntu malunga nezenzo zabo. Urhulumente owenza izinto elubala ubamba iintlanganiso zoluntu ze avumele abemi ukuba beze kwezo ntlanganiso. Uvumela ukuba oonondaba nabantu balufumane lula ulwazi malunga nezigqibo yaye ngaphandle kokufihla ukuba ngubani na owenze ezo zigqibo nezizathu zokwenziwa kwazo.
Olunye lweempawu ezibaluleke kakhulu kulawulo lwesininzi lulonyulo olubanjwa rhoqo, olukhululekileyo nolufanelekileyo. Eli lixesha apho abemi bathi babe nakho ukukhetha abantu abafuna ukuba babalawulele. Ulonyulo kufuneka lwenzeke ngendlela ekhululekileyo nefanelekileyo, engenazoyikiso, urhwaphilizo nogrogriso kubemi ngexesha lolonyulo okanye phambi kwalo.
Amazwe amaninzi olawulo lwesininzi anomQulu wamaLungelo ukuze kukhuselwe abantu ekubaxweni kwamagunya. UmQulu wamaLungelo luludwe lwamalungelo neenkululeko eziqinisekisiweyo kubo bonke abantu kwelo lizwe. Xa umQulu wamaLungelo uba yinxalenye yomGaqo-siseko, iinkundla zinegunya lokuwanyanzelisa la malungelo. UmQulu wamaLungelo ubeka umda kwigunya likarhulumente yaye usenokubeka uxanduva kubantu ngabanye nakumaqela.
Kulawulo lwesininzi kufuneka kube kho iindlela zokuthintela ukuba amagosa okanye iqela labantu abonyuliweyo ekuxhaphazeni nasekurhwaphilizeni imali karhulumente. Okunye ukubaxwa kwamagunya kuquka urhwaphilizo. Urhwaphilizo lwenzeka xa amagosa karhulumente esebenzisa izimali zikarhulumente ukuze kulungelwe wona okanye esebenzisa igunya lawo ngendlela engekho mthethweni.
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela abantu kuxhatshazo. EMzantsi Afrika urhulumente wakheke wangamasebe amathathu: indlu yowiso-mthetho, isigqeba solawulo kunye neenkundla zamatyala. Esi sakheko sinika imida kumagunya amagosa kula masebe mathathu. Iinkundla zezizimeleyo.
Kulawulo lwesininzi kufuneka amaqela angaphezulu kwisinye athathe inxaxheba kulonyulo aze adlale indima ethile kurhulumente. Inkqubo yamaqela amaninzi ivumela ukuba iqela okanye amaqela awoyisiweyo kunyulo abe ngachasayo kwelo qela liphumelele ulonyulo. Oku kunceda ukuba urhulumente abone iimbono ezahlukeneyo malunga nemibandela. Inkqubo yamaqela amaninzi ikwanika abavoti ukuba bakhethe abameli, amaqela nemigaqo-nkqubo abafuna ukuyivotela kulonyulo. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa ilizwe lineqela eliye, iziphumo iba bubuzwilakhe.
Kulawulo lwesininzi akukho bani ungaphezulu komthetho, nkqu nekumkani okanye uMongameli owonyuliweyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lulawulo lomthetho. Kuthetha ukuba wonke ubani kufuneka athobele umthetho ze abe nokuphendula ukuba waphula umthetho. Ulawulo lwesininzi lukwathetha ukuba umthetho kufuneka usetyenziswe ngokulinganayo, ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanayo.
Nangona onke amalungelo akumqulu wamalungelo ebalulekile, kuthe kwenziwa umzamo wokugxininisa kumalungela achaphezela kakhulu ubomi babantu okanye ebekujongwe ukuba agcine eza nqobo zintathu zolawulo lwesininzi kumGaqo-siseko, ezizezi; ukuligana, ukukhululeka nesidima soluntu.
Njengoko sekuchaziwe ngaphambili, ukulingana yingcamango yokuziphatha yokuba abantu abahlala ngokufanayo ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo kufuneka baphathwe ngokulinganayo.
Wonke umntu uyalingana phambi komthetho yaye unelungelo lokukhuselwa ngokulinganayo nokuxhamla kumthetho.
Ukulingana kuquka ukuxhamla okupheleleyo nokulinganayo kwawo onke amalungelo neenkululeko. Ukukhuthaza ukufikelela kulingano, amanyathelo omthetho namanye enzelwe ukukhusela okanye ukuphuhlisa abantu okanye amaqela abantu, abathe bahleleleka ngenxa yocalulo olungafanelekanga, anokuthathwa.
Urhulumente akufuneki acalule ngqo okanye ngokungethe ngqo ngokungafanelekanga nabani na ngezizathu ezithile, kuquka ubuhlanga, ubuni, umitho, ubume bomtshato, imvela phi yobuzwe okanye intlalo, ibala, ukekelelo kwisini esithile, ubudala, ukugogeka, isazela, inkolo, inkcubeko, ulwimi nozalo.
Akukho bani omakacalule nabani na ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathe ngqo ngokungafanelekanga ngezizathu ezithile ngokwecandelwana . Kufuneka kumiselwe umthetho wesizwe wokuthintela okanye ukwalela ucalulo olungafanelekanga.
Ucalulo ngenxa yezizathu ezithile ezichakwe kwicandelwana alufanelekanga ngaphandle kokuba kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba olo calulo lolufanelekileyo
Ngenxa yalo msindleko okanye umQulu wamaLungelo uwonke uncedo luyanikwa kwimpatho engalinganiyo phakathi kweentlanga zoMzantsi Afrika wangexesha localulo. Abantu babesalelwa amalungelo oluntu ngakumbi abantsundu. Umzekelo, abantu babecalulwa emsebenzini, ekhaya naseluntwini ngenxa yobuhlanga, ubuni, ukugogeka neendawo zokuhlala. Nangona eli candelo 9 lingasentla lithe lanika umsindleko wokungacaluli, inxalenye enkulu yesi sizwe sixananazileyo isaphathwa ngokungalinganiyo njenabafazi, abantu abaneziphene zomzimba, abantu abanoGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe yaye kukhu ukwahluka kwimigangatho yokuphila phakathi kwabantu abahlala emaphandleni nabo bahlala ezidolophini. Imizekelo embalwa ithe yanikwa ukubonisa ukungalingani nokuba iNkundla yomGaqo-siseko ithe yazisebenza njani na iimeko ezinjalo.
IsaHluko seziZwe eziManyeneyo sathi samkela amalungelo entlalo noqoqosho kunye nenkcubeko njengelungelo lesizukulwana sesibini ngo-1945.
Amalungelo amabanjwa okufumana indawo yokuhlala eyaneleyo, ukutya, izixhobo zokufunda kunye nonyango.
Eneneni la malungelo oluntu ayaqhagamshelana kuba kuye kwakhawuleza kwabonakala ukuba akunantsingiselo ukuba umntu abe namalungelo okuvota engenandawo yokufaka intloko. Yiyo lo nto abantu bathi babelana ngamava abo entlupheko, kumanyelo lokuThetha Phandle malunga nobuHlwempu ngo-1999. Oku kwafaka umngeni kurhulumente ukuze kuphuhliswe amalungelo entlalo noqoqosho. Ngoko ke, amalungelo entlalo noqoqosho ajongene nokusindleka abantu ngezidingo zokuphila ezingundoqo, yiyo lo nto injongo yokuqala yale nkqubo ngo-1998 yaba kukwahlula phakathi kwentswelo/isidingo nemfuno.
Injongo yesihloko yayikukuxhobisa abantu ngokuba bangazihlela njani na iintswelo zabo xa kunokufuneka benze njalo ngexesha lokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo zentlalo nezoqoqosho. Ngokuquka la malungelo kumGaqo-siseko urhulumente uthe wabonisa ukuzinikela kwakhe ekupheliseni intlupheko nokungalingani kwemigangatho yentlalo eMzantsi Afrika. Ukuzinikela okongezekileyo kuthe kwaboniswa ngokuthi kuqinisekiswe isiVumelwano malunga namaLungelo oQoqosho, iNtlalo neNkcubeko ngo-1998.
wonke ubani unelungelo lokusebenzisa ulwimi nokuba athathe inxaxheba kubomi benkcubeko azikhethele yona kodwa kungabikho bani usebenzisa la malungelo ngendlela engahambisaniyo nayo nayiphi na imisindleko yomQulu wamaLungelo
Abantu benkcubeko, inkolo okanye ulwimi oluthile abanakwalelwa elo lungelo, namanye amalungu olo luntu- ukuba baxhamle inkcubeko, baqhube inkolo nokusebenzisa ulwimi lwabo, nokuba benze, bangenele ze bagcine amaqumrhu enkcubeko, inkolo nolwimi neminye imibutho yentlalo. Amalungelo akwicandelwana awanakusetyenziswa ngendlela engahambelaniyo nayo nayiphi na imisindleko yomQulu wamaLungelo
Omabini la macandelo acacile kodwa kufuneka ahambelane nemisindleko yomQulu wamaLungelo, ngamanye amazwi awanakusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kodwa anemida ethile. Okwesibini enzelwe ukukhusela abantu benkcubeko, ulwimi okanye iqela elithile.
Urhulumente kunye nabantu bakhe kufuneka balumkele ukuphazamisana okanye ukunyhasha ilungelo lokuphila ngokwenkcubeko yaba bantu. Ngaphandle kokuqondwa kweenkcubeko okusindlekwa liNqaku 27 lesiBhengezo samaLungelo oluNtu kwiHlabathi-lonke ngo-1948, kukho nesivumelwano samaZwe-ngamazwe malunga namaLungelo oQoqosho, iNtlalo neNkcubeko ngo-1996. Zozibin ezi zixhobo zamazwe-ngamazwe zithe zaqiniselwa nguMzantsi Afrika, yaye ziyasebenza zikwanyanzeliswa. UMzantsi Afrika nokuxananaza kwenkcubeko yawo kufuneka wenze ukuba ezi nkcubeko zilawulwe ngumthetho, yiyo le nto kukho la macandelo angasentla apha. Njengokuba iintshukumo zenkcubeko kungafunekanga zingqubane nalo naliphi na kula malungelo akumQulu wamaLungelo, apho zenza njalo kufuneka zilungelelaniswe ukuze zihambelane nomQulu wamaLungelo. Umzekelo, la nkcubeko yangaphambili malunga nokugcinwa komthetho womtshato wemveli kufuneka ilungelelaniswe nomThetho 120 ka-1998 wokwAmkelwa kwemiTshato yeMveli, okhoyo ngoku. Umzekelo, umthetho wemveli wama-Afrika wokushiyeka nelifa lomfi wawuvumela ukuba ngamadoda kuphela anokufumana ilifa lalowo ubhubhileyo, ukutsho ke ukufumana ilifa ngobuzibulo. Umhlolokazi nabantwana kwakufuneka baxhaswe yilo ndoda ifumene ilifa okanye bashiyeke bengenankxaso. Ngokucacileyo le nkcubeko ibiphikisana namalungelo oluntu angundoqo, yiyo le nto kukho lo mthetho ukhoyo wemitshato yemveli oxhasa ukukhuselwa okulinganayo ngomthetho.
Abantu bafanele ukuhlonipha izenzo nezithethe zabanye abantu, ukuze kungabikho ngquzulwano.
Urhulumente kufuneka avumele abantu ukuba benze izithethe zenkcubeko yabo ngaphandle kokuba ezo zenzo azihambelani nomGaqo-siseko.
Kubaluleke kakhulu, kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuthatha inxaxheba, ukuba abantu bahlonele amalungelo abanye abantu. Oku kuthetha ukuhlonipha ilungelo labo lokuba noluvo, ukuba bagayele iqela labo lopolitiko, ukuphembelela imibandela yabo (nkqu nokuba oku kuchasene nowakho umbandela), ukuvotela umntu okhethwe ngabo kunye nezinye izinto.
Injongo yale nkqubo kukuveza uxanduva / imisebenzi ehamba nelungelo ngalinye elifumaneka kumGaqo-siseko. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba wonke ummi woMzantsi Afrika athathe olu xanduva ngokuzimisela ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke ummi uyazaixhamla eza nqobo zitathu zolawulo lwesininzi ezifana nokukhululeka, ukulingana nesidima.
Isikhokelo sithe sanikwa ukulungiseleala urhulumente kunye nabemi bakhe ngenxa yokuba amalungelo esetyenziswa ngokunyuka nokukhweza.
Uxanduva lwam: ukuhlonipha abanye abantu nkqu nokuba bahlukile kuthi nokuba samkele ukuba bayalingana nathi.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukwenza umthetho osebenza ngokufanayo kuye wonke ubani kungajongwe buhlanga, ibala, ubuni njalonjalo.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukwenza imithetho engacaluli abantu ngenxa yobuhlanga, ibala, ubuni, ukekelelo lwesini, njalonjalo.
Uxanduva lwam: ungalimazi omnye umntu ukuze kugrogriseke ubomi bakhe.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukuphumeza imithetho ekhusela ubomi babantu.
Uxanduva lwam: ukungaxhaphazi umlingane okanye abantwana bam ekhaya.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukuconisa ukusetyenziswa kokuthuthumbisa ukuze kufunyanwe ulwazi.
Uxanduva lwam: ndingavumeli abantwana bam ukuba baye emsebenzini beselula kakhulu.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukuphumeza umthetho omisela owona mvuzo nobudala obusezantsi kubantu abasebenzayo.
Uxanduva lwam: ukunkqonkqoza phambi kokuba ndingene egumbini/endlwini yomntu.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukugcina ulwazi olungabantu luyindaba yakwamkhozo, umzekelo, umfazi ofuna ukuqhomfa kufuneka azi ukuba olo lwazi luya kugcinwa luyimfihlo.
Uxanduva lwam: ukungaphazamisani okanye ukungathinteli umntu ekukhonzeni njengoko ethanda, ukumamela abanye abantu nokwamkela ilungelo labo lokuba noluvo olwahlukileyo kolwam.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukuvumela abantu ukuba bangasebenzi ngeentsuku zabo zokunqula.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukungabeki amatyathanga kwabeendaba xa engathandi ukuba abeendaba bamgxeke.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukwenza ukuba kukhuseleke ukuba abantu abafuna ukuba nomboniso woqhankqalazo, umzekelo, ngokujika izithuthi, ngokuhlutha imipu nezixhobo.
Uxanduva lwam: ukungabukuli abantu kwiqumrhu lam ngezizathu zocalulo, umzekelo, ngokwalela amaTshayina kwiqumrhu lam.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukungaphazamisani nemigaqo-nkqubo yamaqela opolitiko, iimanyano zabasebenzi, njalonjalo.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukuvumela onke amaqela opolitiko ukuba asebenze ngokukhululekileyo, ukuvumela onke amaqela opolitiko ukuba abe nexesha elilinganayo lokuvela kumabonakude.
Uxanduva lwam: ukunganyanzeli okanye ugrogrise abantu ukuba bavotele elakho iqela lopolitiko.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukukhusela abantu kwizikhululo zokuvota ngokhuseleko olululo. Ukunika imvume elinganayo yokugaya kuwo onke amaqela opolitiko kunyulo, ukusindleka ngezinto zokuhamba kubantu abakwiindawo ezikude ukuba baye kwizikhululo zokuvota.
Uxanduva lwam: ukuvumela abantu ukuba babeke amaphekepheke kwidolophu okanye ummandla wam nokungawasusi la maphekeheke.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukunika wonke ubani ithuba lemibutho yabo yopolitiko, ukuvumela onke amaqela opolitiko ixesha elilinganayo lokuba avele kumabonakude.
Uxanduva lwam: ukwamkela ukuba sonke singabemi boMzantsi Afrika ngokulinganayo.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukwenza imithetho engqongqo yokuvumela abantu abasuka kwamanye amazwe ukuba bangene eMzantsi Afrika.
Uxanduva lwam: ukwamkela nabani na ofika ahlale njengommelwane wam.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukunikela ngeencwadi zokuhambela nezazisi kubo bonke abemi abafaka izicelo.
Uxanduva lwam: ukwamkela iindlela abakhetha ukusebenzela ukuphila ngazo abantu.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukuvumela omatheng'ethengisi nabathengisi bangasezitalatweni. Ukuphumeza umthetho wokulawula oku.
Uxanduva lwam: ukuphatha abantu abandisebenzelayo ngokufanelekileyo, ndibanike umthwalo ofanelekileyo, ndibanike isilumkiso phambi kokuba ndibagxothe, njolanjalo.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukwenza kube lula ze kufikeleleke ukuba unqeshwa amangalele umqeshi ukuba ukholelwa ukuba uphethwe okanye ugxothe ngokungafanelekanga.
Uxanduva lwam: ukuvumela abanye abantu apho ndisebenza khona ukuba bangenele nawuphi na umbutho wabasebenzi abawukhethayo ngaphandle kokugrogriswa.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukuvumela ukuba yonke imibutho yabasebenzi ibhalise.
Uxanduva lwam: ukuba xa ndikuqhankqalazo ndivumele abanye abantu endisebenza nabo baqhubekeke besebenza ukuba bakhetha oko.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukukhusela abasebenzi abakuqhankqalazo nkqu nokuba oku kuthetha ukuba oko kwenziwe ngamapolisa.
Uxanduva lwam: ndingahlali ngasemva eyadini yomnye umntu.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukwamkela amalungelo abantu okuba umhlaba wabo ubuyiselwe kubo ukuba babesuswe ngetshova, ukubuyekeza abantu ukuba umhlaba wabo wauthathwe ngetshova.
Uxanduva lwam: ukuba ndifaka isicelo semali-mboleko ukuze ndithenge/ ndilungise indlu, kufuneka ndibhatale nyanga zonke.
Ukusebenzisana namacandelo abucala afana neebhanki, ukuze abantu abaninzi bakwazi ukuthenga izindlu, ukususa imiqobo eyenza kube nzima ukuba abantu bafumane imali-mboleko yokuthenga okanye ukwakha izindlu.
Uxanduva lwam: ukuthumela bonke abantwana bam esikolweni.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukwakha izikolo ezaneleyo nokuqesha ootitshala aboneleyo ukuze wonke ubani abe nakho ukuya esikolweni.
Uxanduva lwam: ukondla abantwana bam, nokungabaxhaphazi ekhaya okanye esidlangalaleni. Ukuba neyona ndawo isemgangathweni yokufaka intloko endinokuyinika abantwana bam.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukusindleka ngezikim zokondla kunye namakhaya ukuluniselela abantwana abahlelelekileyo, ukuphandla amatyala okuxhatshazwa kwabantwana.
Uxanduva lwam: ukugcina nokukhathalela iimpompo zamanzi kawonkewonke nokuzigcina zikwisimo esebenza kakuhle, ukungangcolisi imilambo abasela kuyo abantu, ukungaseli utywala, nditshaye okanye ndisebenzise iziyobisi ukuze impilo yam ikhuseleke, ukulahla inkunkuma kwindawo efanelekileyo kude ebantwini, ukuhlawulela iinkonzo kuMasipala.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukusindleka ngezithuthi zenkukuma ukuze kususwe ukungcola okungadala ukugula, ukusindleka ngamanzi abalekayo acocekileyo kubo bonke abantu, ukungagxothi abantu kwizibhedlele ukuba badinga unyango.
Uxanduva lwam: Ukuhlonipha inkcubeko yabanye abantu nokungaphazamisani nendlela abenza ngayo izinto abanye abantu.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukwamkela ukuba zonke iilwimi zibalulekile, ukudala iinkqubo zikamabonakude ukulungiselela abantu bazo zonke iilwimi eMzantsi Afrika.
Uxanduva lwam: ukubuza amagosa karhulumente ukuba benza izigqibo ongazilandeliyo.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukunika izizathu zokwenziwa kwezigqibo, ukwenza kube lula ukuba abantu bafumane ulwazi kumagosa.
Uxanduva lwam: ukuxela kumKhuseli woluNtu amagosa ocinga ukuba asebenzise kakubi amagunya awo.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukuthatha amanyathelo ngakumagosa anorhwaphilizo nokungakhuseli amagosa asebenzise amagunya awo kakubi.
Uxanduva lwam: ukusebenzisa inkundla ekusombululeni imbambano, ukungathatheli umthetho ezandleni zam.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukusindleka ngamagqwetha angazukuhlawulwa ngabantu ukuze abamele enkundleni.
Uxanduva lwam: ukwamkela ukuba wonke ubani unelungelo lokuthethwa kwetyala lakhe ngokufanelekileyo, ukuba abe negqwetha elimmeleyo elihlawulwa ngurhulumente, ukufumana ibheyile, njalonjalo.
Uxanduva lukarhulumente: ukuxelela abantu ukuba banelungelo lokufumana igqwetha elisebenza ngeendleko zikarhulumente, ukunika wonke ubani ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuthethwa kwetyala lakhe, njalonjalo.
Ukuba nemida kuthetha into enye nokwaphula. Umthetho onika umda kwilungelo uyalwaphula elo lungelo. Kodwa ke, olu lwaphulo aluyi kuba loluchasene nomgaqo-siseko ukuba lwenzelwa isizathu esamkelekileyo sokuthethelela ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo kuluntu oluvulelekileyo nololawulo lwesininzi olusekelwe kwiinqobo ezintathu zolawulo lwesininzi (isidima soluntu, ukulingana nokukhululeka). Ngamanye amazwi, asilulo lonke ulwaphulo lwamalungelo asisiseko angahambelani nomgaqo-siseko. Apho ulwaphulo lunokuthetheleleka malunga nala mqathango ukwicandelo 36 luya kuba loluvumelekileyo ngokomgaqo-siseko.
a ubume belo lungelo b ukubaluleka kwenjongo yokumisela umda c ubume nomgama walo mda d unxulumano phakathi kwalo mda kunye nenjongo yawo; kunye e namanyathelo angathinteli kakhulu ukuze kufikelelwe kulo njongo.
Ngaphandle kokuba kunikwe umsindleko kwicandelwana 1 okanye kuwo nawuphi na omnye umsindleko womGaqo-siseko, akukho mthetho unokunika umda kulo nalipi na ilungelo elikumQulu wamaLungelo.
Phambi kokuxoxa ngesolotya lemida ebanzi (icandelo 36) kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba kwale mida minye ikwimo yokwahlulwa ngakumbi kumasolotya okuba nemida. Umzekelo, amanye amalungelo aneenkcazo ezalatha umda obekwe kwicandelo elithile lomQulu wamaLungelo.
Kodwa ke umda kufuneka wahlulwe kwisolotya lokuthotywa okanye ukurhoxhiswa, njengakwicandelo 37 elisebenza kuphela kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo zoluntu, ube ukwavumela urhoxiso lwamalungelo athile kwisaHluko 2 kwiimeko ezithile.
Nangona amalungelo engasetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo, umda ngokwakwicandelo 36 ubeka isinyanzelo kurhulumente noluntu ukuba kuhlonitshwe amalungelo abantu ngabanye, ngamanye amazwi eli solotya alinciphisi ukubaluleka kwamalungelo abantu, ngokwakomnye umbhali uRonald D'workin kwinqaku lakhe Taking Rights Seriously amalungelo abantu abangabanye abaluleke ngaphezu kwemigomo ebekwa ngokuhlangeneyo. Akukhathalisekile nokuba ubaluleke kangakanani na umgomo obekwe ngokuhlangeneyo, awunakulandelwa ngendlela enyhasha amalungelo omntu ngamnye. Kodwa ke, ela solotya lomda lisixelela ukuba kumQulu wamaLungelo waseMzantsi Afrika, nangona xa amalungelo aya kuthanda ukubaluleka kunemigomo ebekwe ngokuhlangeneyo, kukho amaxesha apho amalungelo kufuneka ekhwelele imiba ebalulekileyo yentlalo.
Inkcazwana emfutshane yokuba kuthethwa ukuthini na ngomqathango obekwe licandelo 36 ukuze kubekwe umda kumalungelo abantu.
Umthetho wokusetyenzisa ngokubanzi uthetha umthetho osetyenziswa kwihlabathi lonke. Umzekelo, kufuneka ibe ngumthetho urhulumente anegunya lawo, umzekelo ingalo yomthetho. Okwesibini kufuneka ube ngumthetho ohlambululekileyo, ofikelelekayo nothe ngqo ukuze abo bachaphazelekayo kuwo babe bangaqinisekisa umgama wamalungelo abo kunye nezinyanzelo, umzekelo umThetho 51 ka-1977 weNkqubo yolwaPhulo-mthetho (Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977) njengoko ulungisiwe.
Imeko ifunisa ukuba umiselo lwemida luthintele elo lungelo lisisiseko kuphela ngenxa yezizathu ezamkelekileyo zikwacingela neenqobo zolawulo lwesininzi eziquka isidima soluntu, ukulingana nokukhululeka. Kwakhona kufuneka ibe ngumda ofikelela ekuphumezeni injongo owenzelwe yona. Umzekelo, injongo yokubamba umrhanelwe kukuba aze akwazi ukuya enkundleni. Apho kuthe kwafumaneka ubungqina bokuba lo mrhanelwa uya kuya enkundleni ngomhla wamatyala, nokuba ukhuseleko loluntu luthathelwa ingqalelo, injongo yokuthintela ilungelo lalo mntu lokukhululeka nokhuseleko ithi ingabisasebenza. Yiyo le nto umrhanelwa athi anikwe ibheyile kwixesha eliziiyure ezingamashumi amabini nesine emva kokubanjwa.
Ukumiselwa komda kwilungelo lomgaqo-siseko ngenjongo eqondakalayo nedingekayo kuluntu lolawulo lwesininzi kubandakanya ukuqwalaselwa kweenqobo eziphikisana noko, yaye ekugqibeleni, uhlolo olusekelwe kumlinganiselo. Oku kucacile kwimisindleko yeCandelo 33 . Into yokuba amalungelo awahlukeneyo abe abhekisa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo kulawulo lwesininzi nakwimeko yomGaqo-siseko wethu, kuluntu oluvulelekileyo nololawulo lwesininzi olusekelwe kwinkululeko nokulingana, kuthetha ukuba akukho mgangatho upheleleyo unokubekwa ukufumanisa ukuqondakala nokudingeka. Imiqathango ingamiselwa, kodwa ukusebenza kwalo miqathango kwiimeko ezithile kungenziwa ngokwahluka kweemeko. Oku kuyinxalenye yesidingo solwalamano, olufunisa ukuba kuthelekiswe imidla eyahlukeneyo. Kule nkqubo yokuthelekisa, imigqaliselo efanelekileyo iya kuquka imo yelungelo elo libekelwa umda, kunye nokubaluleka kwalo kwinkululeko nokulingana kuluntu oluvulelekileyo nololawulo lwesininzi, injongo yokuba elo lungelo libekelwe umda nokubaluleka kwalo njongo kolo luntu, umgama womda, amandla awo, kunye ngokukodwa nalapho umda udingeka khona, nokuba iziphumo ezifunwayo zingafikelelwa ngezinye iindlela ezingena bungozi kakhulu kulo malungelo achaphazelekayo. Kule nkqubo kufuneka kuqwalaselwe umsindleko wecandelo 33 , kunye neenqobo ezibalulekileyo zomGaqo-siseko, kukhunjulelwa ukuba, njengoko iJaji yaseCanada yakha yatsho, indima yenkundla ayikokuqashela okwesibini ubulumko bokukhetha umgaqo-nkqubo okwenziwa ngabawisi-mthetho
Kukho imizekelo ethile yeemeko apho amalungelo angqubanayo yaye elinye (okanye omabini) kula malungelo kuya kufuneka ukuba limiselwe umda. Ukuba abo bantu bangquzulanayo abanakho ukusombulula lo ngxaki banayo, bangayithumela ezinkundleni lo meko. Inkundla kuya kufuneka ukuba igqibe ukuba lelikabani na ilungelo elibaluleke ngaphezu kwelinye kwimeko nganye kunye nokuba kuyaqondakala kukwathetheleleka na ukumisela umda kwelo lungelo.
Ukumisela umda kwilungelo lomntu lobomi nelungelo lesidima.
Ukumisela umda kwilungelo lomntwana lwemfundo engundoqo nokuchasene nelungelo lemfundo nenkcubeko.
Ilungelo lokuba umntwana akhuselwe ekuphathweni kakubi nasekuxhatshazweni ngokuchasene nelungelo lomzali lokuqeqesha umntwana wakhe ekhayeni lakhe kungekho bani uphazamisayo.
Ilungelo labafazi lokuba baphathwe ngokulinganayo nangesidima, kunye nelungelo lokukhululeka nokhuseleko lomntu (ukuba akhululeke kuzo zonke iindidi zobundlobongela).
Ilungelo lomntu lokukhetha indlela yokusebenzela ukuphila ngokuchasene nelungelo loluntu lokuba nommandla okhuselekileyo ukuze bonke abantu babe nokuhlala apho.
Ilungelo lokungacalulwa komntwana ngenxa yenkolo kunye nelungelo lakhe lemfundo ngokuchasene nelungelo lenkcubeko yakhe.
Ilungelo labafazi lokuba nolawulo lwemizimba yabo nokwenza isigqibo malunga nokuzala ngokuchasene nelungelo lobomi kumntwana ongekazalwa.
Lowo uchaphazelekayo kufuneka akhumbule ukuba 'ilungelo lomntu ngamnye liyaphela apho kuqala khona elomnye'. Ngoko ke umntu kufuneka azame ukubona ukuba ngaba kukho ezinye iindlela na endaweni yokubeka umda welungelo, ukuze kuphunyezwe lo njongo inye.
URhulumente kufuneka aphuhlise umthetho wokukhusela abantu ekunyhashweni okanye ekuthintelweni kwamalungelo abo kunye nokutolikwa okukuko kwecandelo 36 leeNkundla zeKhomishoni. Umzekelo, icandelo 36 lisindleka ukuba; 'Xa kutolikwa umQulu wamLungelo, inkundla kufuneka ikhuthaze iinqobo ezibalulekileyo kuluntu oluvulelekileyo nololawulo lwesininzi ezisekelwe kwisidima soluntu, ukulingana nokukhululeka'. Kuyafana ke nakwicandelo 38.
Imbali yoMzantsi Afrika ibonisa ukuba kwakuho amacandelo oluntu awayecinezelwe ngurhulumente wangaphambili. Umzekelo, abantu abaNtsundu babephathwa njengabakumgangatho ongaphantsi kunabo bonke abanye abantu boMzantsi Afrika. Kodwa ke, kwakukho amaqela phakathi kwazo zonke izizwe zoMzantsi Afrika athi ahlala ehlupheka njengamaqela aligcuntswana. Lo maqela anjalo anobuntununtunu kwimpatho yomgangatho osezantsi nkqu nakweli xesha lolawulo lwesininzi. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uninzi ngabantu abaNtsundu.
La maqela angasentla athe aqukwa kwaye ngokukodwa athe asindlekwa leli candelo lingasentla lomGaqo-siseko, yaye imithetho eyahlukeneyo ithe yamiselwa ukuze bakhuseleke njengoko kuveziwe kulo mGaqo-siseko ukhoyo ofuna ukuba umThetho weNdalo uphuhliswe ukuqinisekisa ukunyanzelwa kweli lungelo. Nangona umthetho onjalo sele ukho, ukuwuthobela kuyathandabuzeka, nangona le mithetho inezohlwayo xa inokungathotyelwa. Oku kuthe kwehlisa iqondo lokuba uluntu luthembe inkqubo yomThetho, nto leyo eyenza ukuba uninzi luthathele umthetho ezandleni zalo.
Icandelo 28 lomGaqo-siseko lisindleka ukuba...
Umzamo ukhe wenziwa ukunyanzela nokukhusela la malungelo kusetyenziswa umGaqo-siseko, isiVumelwano sika-1990 ngamaLungelo omNtwana, esatyikitywa nguMzantsi Afrika ngoNovemba ka-1993 saza saqiniselwa ngoJuni 1995, kunye nemithetho eyahlukeneyo enxulumene namalungelo abantwana. Ngaphaya koko, amaphulo neenkqubo zithe zayilwa ukubonisa indlela enobuzaza ngayo into yokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana, kodwa imeko iya iba mandundu imihla ngemihla, ngakumbi uxhatshazo ngokwesondo nokungakhathalelwa. Kukho amaqumrhu awulwayo lo mkhuba kodwa ngokwamanani-ngqikelelo uninzi lwabenzi bolwaphulo mthetho olunjalo ababanjwa ngenxa yokunqongophala kobungqina. Ezi ngxaki zithi zenziwe nzima ziimeko zentlalo noqoqosho xa abantwana bathi banyotywe ukuze bangaxeli. Kodwa ke urhulumente uthe wasindleka abalamli ngokwecandelo 70A lomThetho 51 ka-1951 weNkqubo yokwaPhulwa komThetho, njengoko ulungisiwe ukuze uncede amangqina angabantwana.
Kolu kudwe lungasentla kucacile ukuba ukuba semgciphekweni kweli qela kubangelwa kukungaphunyezwa kwezixhobo ezisindlekelwe ukukhusela amalungelo abantwana. Ngoko ke uluntu luyabongozwa ukuba lukuqaphele ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo abantwana nkqu nokuba umntwana uxhatshazwa ngumzali okanye amalungu osapho. Ukufumanisa ngamalungelo abantwana nceda ujonge le ngcaciso iqhotyoshelweyo malunga neengxaki abahlangabezana nazo abantwana enkundleni, uze kwakhona ufunde esa saHluko singamaLungelo abaNtwana kula ncwadana yomQulu wamaLungelo.
Okokugqibela urhulumente uye wasindleka ngokukhuselwa kwamalungelo abantwana kumGaqo-siseko ngokusebenzisa izixhobo eziqulunqwe kumGaqo-siseko okwaquka iKhomishoni yoluTsha eyamiselwa ngokomThetho 19 ka-1966 weKhomishoni yesiZwe yoluTsha njengoko ilungiswe ngo-2000. Inqaku elineenkcukacha malunga nale khomishoni liyafumaneka phantsi kwela candelo lingokuKhuselwa kwamaLungelo ethu.
Icandelo 9 lomGaqo-siseko lisindleka ukuba ngokwembali abafazi bathe bakwindawo yegcuntswana eMzantsi Afrika ukusukela kwakudala. Le ndawo iquka bonke kungajongwe budala, buhlanga okanye umgangatho wentlalo. Nangona icandelo 9 lomGaqo-siseko lithe lacacisa ngokungafihlisiyo ukuba wonke ubani uyalingana ngokwasemthethweni yaye unelungelo lokukhuselwa ngokulinganayo aze axhamle kumthetho. Kwicandelwana kuthe kwakhankanywa ukuba ucalulo ngokokekelo kwisini esithile kufuneka lupheliswe, kodwa abafazi bahlala bengamaxhoba ocalulo olungafanelekanga. Ngaphaya koko, njangakubantwana, kukho izixhobo zamazwe-ngamazwe, ezengingqi nezesizwe eziqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo abafazi ayamkelwa yaye kufuneka akhuselwe.
NgokukaGqirha. Danny Titus 'amalungelo abafazi aqala ekhaya'. Awazange ayilwe eGeneva okanye eBanjul okanye eStrsbong okanye eVienna okanye eSanJose, apho amaqumrhu amazwe-ngamazwe athi ahlangane khona aze aphembelele, akrole izindululo malunga nezixhobo zamalungelo oluntu kumazwe-ngamazwe. Okuvelayo kula maziko kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba abantu namaqumrhu kwinqanaba lasemakhaya nakwisizwe bathi baveze iingxaki, baphuhlise imibandela, ze bazazise kuluntu nakubenzi bemigaqo-nkqubo' (Human Rights Quarterly 16 559-573).
Kuba abafazi bebehlelelekile ngaphambili kwimiba emininzi yobomi babo, ubani angabathatha njengokuba banamalungelo amaninzi kodwa bekwanoxanduva oluninzi. Urhulumente ukwalindeleke ukuba enze iinguqulelo kumthetho weli lizwe okanye amisele umthetho omtsha ukulungisa le meko.
Eli gama lithi ukugogeka okanye isiphako lithetha ukuphulukana okanye ukuba nemida kumathuba okuphila ubomi boluntu ngokulinganayo nabanye. Nangona kungekho nkcazo isemthethweni yeli gama lithi ukugogeka, liquka iindidi ezininzi zemida kwisakhono somntu sokusebenza. Kumaxwebhu omgaqo-nkqubo woMzantsi Afrika eligama libhekisa kuncitshiso lokusebenza komzimba, ingqondo nezivo. Olu ncitshiso lungalolwexeshana okanye lube lolwanaphakade. Ngoko ke abantu banganokulimala ngokwasemzimbeni okuchaphazela iingalo nemilenze, ukulimala ngokwezivo okunokuchaphazela ukuva ngeendlebe nokubona, nokulimala kwengqondo okuchaphazela izakhono zenqondo nokucinga.
Icandelo 19 lomGaqo-siseko liye lasindleka ngokuba 'wonke ummi ukhululekile ukuba azikhethele ngokopolitiko kube oko kuquka ilungelo lokmisela iqela lopolitiko, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiintshukumo zopolitiko, egayela iqela lopolitiko elithile.
Wonke ummi unelungelo lonyulo olukhululekileyo, olufanelekileyo nolwenziwa rhoqo kulo naliphi na iqumrhu elisemthethweni elimiselwe ngokwemigaqo yomGaqo-siseko. Wonke ummi omdala unelungelo lokuvotela nalo naliphi na iqumrhu elisemthethweni elimiselwe ngokwemiqathango yomGaqo-siseko, nokuba akwenze oko emfihlakalweni, nokuzigqatsela umsebenzi woluntu aze ukuba wonyuliwe, asibambe eso sihlalo.
Kuba eli candelo linika wonke ummi omdala ilungelo lokuvota kulonyulo, oku kuyinkqubela phambili enkulu kupolitko loMzantsi Afrika. Amalungelo okuvota ebefudula engawabamHlophe abaligcuntwana ukuya kutsho ngo-1983 ukumiselwa kwePalamente enguNxantathu. Kuphela ngabamHlophe, abeBala namaNdiya ababeyenikwe ilungelo lokuvota de kwalunyulo lolawulo lwesininzi ngo-1994, apho bonke abantu abadala baseMzantsi Afrika bathi banikwa ilungelo lokuvota, ukuzigqatsela ulonyulo nokumisela amaqela opolitiko abazikhethele wona. Kodwake, phambi kolonyulo luka-1999 kwakukho ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo olonyulo olukhululekileyo. Umzekelo, i-SAHRC, ngokweNgxelo yonyaka ka-1999, kwafuneka iphande amatyala apho amalungelo abantu opolitiko athi alelwa mhlawumbi ziinkokheli zemveli okanye amafama.
Kwela candelo lingamaLungelo noXanduva, kuchakwe izinto ezinokwenziwa nezingenakwenziwa ngabantu norhulumente kwilungelo ngalinye.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubumi buyaqinisekiswa phambi kokuya kubhalisela ukuvota ngokuthi ubani afumane incwadi yesazizi esemthethweni aze aye nayo kwisikhululo sokuvota.
Icandelo 23 lomGaqo-siseko lisindleka ukuba 'Wonke ubani unelungelo lokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo'. Oku kuquka ilungelo labaqeshi nabaqeshwa ngokunxulumene nokumiselwa kwemibutho yabasebenzi. Eli candelo lihambisana necandelo 13 - ubukhoboka, ubucaka nokusebenza ngokunyanzelwa, 16 - inkululeko yokuveza iimbono, 17 - intlanganiso, imiboniso yoqhankqalazo, ukuhlalela uqhankqalazo nokufaka izikhalazo kunye nele-18 - inkululeko yokunxulumana.
Lo mmandla womthetho wawufudula ugonyamelwe lucalulo olusekelwe kubuhlanga, ubuni, umgangatho nobudala. Abantu abaNtsundu ngabona babebetheka kakhulu kubo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Nangona befundile, abantu abaNtsundu babekumanqanaba asezantsi omsebenzi, ngakumbi abafazi nabantwana ababesetyenziswa ebukhobokeni nokusetyenziswa ngokunyanzelwa. Abantu abaneziphene babengajongwa nokujongwa ukuba bangaqeshwa. Kodwa ke umthetho ojongene nabasebenzi uthe waphuhliswa kakhulu ukuze kunyangeke iiyantlukwano zangaphambili, kupheliswe ucalulo nokungaqeshwa. Kodwa ke imiba iselukhuni kangangokuba abasebenzi basezifama babengafakwanga kumThetho ka-1995 woNxulumano lwabaSebenzi eMzantsi Afrika kangangokuba babehlupheka kakhulu yaye basaphethwe kakubi ngamafama. Oku kuye kwadala ukungalungelelani kodwa ke imeko iyaphucuka emva kokuba kuye kwamiselwa umthetho ukulungiselela abasebenzi basezifama nabasemakhitshini. Umthetho uye wahlengahlengiswa kumThetho ka-1995 woNxulumano lwabaSebenzi, imiGaqo esisiSeko yokuQeshwa ka-1997, yaye umthetho omtsha uye wamiselwa. Umzekelo, umThetho 55 ka-1998 wokuLingana ekuQeshweni, umThetho 78 ka-1995 weMpilo noKhuseleko emSebenzini, umThetho 85 ka-1996 wokuPhuhliswa kwezaKhono. Injongo ephambili yokuphuhliswa komthetho kukuphucula iimeko zokusebenza ukuze komelele abasebenzi nokuba kube kho iimeko zokusebenza ezinobulunga kubo bonke abantu njengoko umGaqo-siseko ufuna njalo kwintshayelelo yawo 'ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke abemi nokukhulula isakhono somntu ngamnye'.
Kuxhotyiswe umntu ngezakhono okanye amanqanaba emfundo adingekayo ukuze abe nakho ukukhuphisana nabanye kwizikhundla ezifanelekileyo.
Ukugcina imithetho yasemsebenzini.
Ukuziphatha kakuhle nokulandela iintlelo ezizizo ukunyanzelisa ilungelo lakho, ngakumbi ilungelo lokuqhankqalaza.
Ukusebenzisa naliphi na ithuba elivelayo lokuphuhliswa kwezakhono.
Ukuphepha ukucalula abanye abantu phantsi wayo nayiphi na imeko.
Urhulumente kufuneka adale ze anyanzelise umthetho okhusela abasebenzi ngakucalulo nokusebenza ngokunyanzelwa.
Imfundo yeMeko yaseNtlalweni ijonge ukunika onke amagosa enkundla ulwazi nokuqonda okudingekayo ekuthakazeleleni iingcamango zabanye abantu neemeko zabo ezahlukeneyo ukuze izigqibo zawo zibe zezinobulungisa nezifanelene noluntu esihlala kulo.
Oku kuthi kudale iimbono zeqela lemvumelwano. Ngaphaya koko, abantu bazama ukugcina okanye ukufumana iinngcingane ezamkelekileyo ngaphakathi kwiqela ngokunxulumene namanye amaqela, njengoko oku kubonakala kuluncedo ekuzihloleni.
Andicebisi ukuba abantu mabathi ngabom bagqibe ukusebenzisa iinkolo ezingafanelekanga Eneneni, iinkolo ezimalunga nobuhlanga nobuni zikho, ezingqondweni zethu, zikhuliswe ziimeko zentlalo ze zakhuthazwa yinkcubeko eyamkelwe banzi kunye nosasazo. Ngamanye amaxesha ziyinxalenye yamaziko ethu. Siye sizamkele njengeenyaniso. Xa sijongene nengxaki, kuye kuzenzekele ukuba sizisebenzise kuba sekuqhelekile yaye kulula - kulula kakhulu kunokuhlola eyona ngxaki ze sifikelele kwisigqibo esinengqiqo ngendlela yokucinga nokumamela nokuhlola
UKUQONDA: Ukuhlela kwenza ukuba ihlabathi libe kwingqalelo etsolileyo yaye kukwadala nommandla wokubona ngohlobo oluthile apho izinto ziba mnyama namhlophe, zingabi nabuluzizi nokungaqondakali. Kukwadala ubume obuthile kwihlabathi kunye namava ethu akulo. Kusivumela ukuba sisebenzise ulwazi oluninzi ngexesha elinye.
INQOBO: Ingcingane esele yamkelwe inegalelo kuhlelo lweenqobo zomntu. Apho ukuhlela kuneenqobo ze kube nokufaneleka okuthe ngqo nokubalulekileyo kuhlelo lweenqobo zomntu kuba kho utyalo lomntu ekugcineni nasekugxininiseni ukusebenzisana kweqela.
Ukumamela ngovelwano kuthi kungene ngaphakathi kuluhlu lokubhekisa komnye umntu. Uye ujonge ngendlela ajonga ngayo omnye umntu, ubona ihlabathi ngale ndlela alibona ngayo, uqonda ububona babo, uyayiqonda indlela avakalelwa ngayo.
Ukumamela ngovelwano kunamandla kakhulu kuba kukunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo omawulusebenzise. Endaweni yokubonisa obakho ubuntu nokuthatha lula iingcinga, uvakalelo, iinjongo nokutolika, usebenza ngoko kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwintloko nentliziyo yomnye umntu. Umamela ukuze uqonde. Ugqalele ekufumaneni unxibelelwano olunzulu lomphefumlo womnye umntu.
Nangona kunzima, funa kuqala ukuqonda, okanye uxilonge phambi kokuba wenze isigqibo uze unike isisombululo.
Okubalulekileyo ekwenzeni isigwebo esisiso kukuqonda. Ngokuthi aqale ngokugweba, umntu soze aqonde ngokupheleleyo.
Kuba simamela ngokobuntu bethu, siye siphendule ngenye yeendlela ezine. Siyahlola, mhlawumbi sivume okanye singavumi; sithi siphande - sibuza imibuzo sisebenzisa oko kwaziwa sithi; sithi sicebise - sinika icebiso ngokuxhomekeka kumava ethu; okanye siyatolika - sizama ukucinga ngabantu, sichaze iinjongo zabo, ukuziphatha kwabo, sixhomekeke kwezethu iinjongo nokuziphatha. Ezi mpendulo zithi zizifikele kuthi. Sizinze nzulu kuzo yaye singqongwe yimizekelo yazo lonke ixesha.
Umahluko ongako onokwenziwa kukuqonda kwenene! Lonke icebiso elinentsingiselo elungileyo ehlabathini aliyi kuba nafuthe likhulu ukuba asisombululi kanye le ngxaki siyxelelwayo. Yaye asisoze sifikelele kwingxaki ukuba sijongene kakhulu noko kwenzeka kuthi, obethu ubuthina, ukuba singasusi eyeyethu indlela yokujonga ngokwaneleyo ukuze sibone ihlabathi ngokwembono yelinye icala.
Ukuba ufuna ngenene ukuqonda, ngaphandle kobuqhokolo nangaphandle kokunkwalambisa, kuya kuba kho amaxesha apho uya kothuka khona lulwazi olunyulu nokuqonda okuya kuza kuwe kusuka komnye umntu. Akusoloko kudingeka nkqu nokuthetha ukuze ube novelwano. Eneneni, ngamanye amaxesha amazwi ayakufikela.
Njengoko ufunda ukubamamela nzulu abanye abantu, uya kufumanisa iiyantlukwano ezinkulu kwindlela yokuqonda izinto. Ihlabathi ungalibona ngendlela yokujonga yomlingane; ulibone ngendlela yokujonga eqwalasela imali kwimeko yoqoqosho.
Kukho umsebenzi owenziwa eklasini. Imifanekiso yalo msebenzi isasazwa eklasini.
Ukuba ilungelo likabani liyanyhashwa angasebenzisa indlela engaqulunqwanga yokukhusela ilungelo lakhe. Angazama ukusombulula imiba nalo mntu uchaphazelekayo.
Ukuba noko akuphumeleli angazama ukuhlangana neziko elimiselweyo.
Amaziko esaHluko 9 zezo zakheko kunokuyiwa kuzo xa kufunwa ukukhuselwa amalungelo omntu.
Unegunya lokuphanda, ukundulula intshukumo yokulungisa isimo aze akhuphe iingxelo.
Nabani na angafaka isikhalazo kumKhuseli woluNtu, oya kuthi yena aphande ngesi sikhalazo. Cinga ngomKhuseli woluNtu njengosompempe onokujonga kuwo onke amacala engxaki. Ukuba umKhuseli woluntu ufumanisa ukuba lo ukhalazayo uyathetheleleka, uya kwenza konke anakho ukufumana isisombululo salo ngxaki, esiquka ukundulula iinguqulelo kwinkqubo.
UmKhuseli woluNtu usenakho nokudlulisela loo mbandela ePalamente, ethi ixoxe ngaloo mbandela ze iqinisekise ukuba izindululo ziyalandelwa.
Uphando ikakhulu lwenziwa ngendlela engaqulunqwanga, kodwa umKhuseli woluntu angabiza abantu ukuba banike ubungqina phantsi kwesifugo okanye isiqiniselo xa oku kuba yimfuneko.
Urhulumente kulo naliphi na inqanaba. Oku kuquka urhulumente omkhulu nowamaphondo, amasebe karhulumente kunye namagunya asemakhaya.
Namphi na umntu owenza umsebenzi woluntu. Oku kuquka naye nabani na owenza umsebenzi osemthethweni ochaphazela bonke abantu, okanye inxalenye yabantu baseMzantsi Afrika, umzekelo umntu osebenzela urhulumente, njengepolisa okanye igosa elinyuliweyo.
Ixanasi elingafanelekanga elenzelwe okhalazayo okanye omnye umntu, umzekelo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kakubi kwegunya, impatho engafanelekanga, eguquguquka ngokungalindelekanga, engenambeko okanye nayiphi na indlela engafanelekanga, ukulityaziswa okungafanelekanga, ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu, nasiphi na isizathu okanye isigqibo esithathwe ngabasemagunyeni.
Ukufumana ukulungiselelwa okungafanelekanga.
Ukuba isikhalazo sakho simalunga nexanasi kufuneka uzame ukuyisombulula ngokwakho lo ngxaki phambi kokukhalaza kumKhuseli woluNtu, umzekelo, ngokuthetha namagosa abandakanyekayo, okanye ukuba oko akuncedi, ubhalele kumntu ophethe loo magosa, umzekelo, iNtloko yeSebe.
Usenokucinga nangokuya kwilungu lakho lePalamente kuZwelonke okanye iPhondo. Kuphela kuxa nanjalo ungakwaziyo ukuyisombulula ingxaki, apho ungabhalela umKhuseli woluNtu- loo ncwadi uyifekse, uyipose okanye uyise ngesandla.
Izizathu zokuba ucinge ukuba esi sikhalazo kufuneka siphandwe ngumKhuseli woluNtu.
Amanyathelo owathathileyo okusombulula le ngxaki (ukuba akho).
Kufuneka ukhankanye igama legosa obusebenza nalo, ngayiphi imihla, nokuba kwathiwani na.
Iikopi zayo nayiphi na imbalelwano phakathi kwakho nalo magosa kufuneka zihambe neleta yakho.
Inombolo yomnxeba apho unokutsalelwa khona, ukuba unayo.
Kwiimeko ezithile umKhuseli woluNtu usenokufuna ingxelo eyenziwe phantsi kwesifungo phambi kokuba aphande.
Ukuba akuqinisekanga ukuba ingxaki yakho yinto aya kuyiphanda umKhuseli woluNtu, okanye ukuba akukwazi ukubhala, ungatsalela umnxeba kwi-ofisi yomKhuseli woluNtu. Kukho abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo nabachubekileyo abaya kumamela isikhalazo sakho, nokuba sikhulu nokuba sincinci, baze benze uphando.
Kwezinye iimeko aba basebenzi banganceda abantu ukuba bafumane izisombululo ezikhawulezileyo zeengxaki zabo. Aba basebenzi basenokukuxelela ukuba usifake phi na isikhalazo sakho ukuba umKhuseli woluNtu akanakho ukukunceda.
Usenakho nokutyelela i-ofisi yomKhuseli woluNtu ukuze ube nodliwano-ndlebe okanye ukubonisana naye, ukuba ukhetha oko. Kungcono ukuqala ngokubhala ukuze ucele udliwano-ndlebe apha encwadini.
UmKhuseli woluNtu kunye nabasebenzi bakhe baya kuligcina liyimfihlo igama lokhalazayo xa kukho imfuneko, naxa kunakho ukwenzeka oko.
Akubizi nto. Iinkonzo zezasimahla yaye zenzelwa nabani na onengxaki efana nezo zibalwe apha ngasentla.
Izigqibo eziwiswe ziijaji noomantyi, kuquka izigwebo ezibekwe ngabo. Izenzo zabucala ezenziwe ngabantu abangabanye, iinkampani zabucala, oogqirha okanye amagqwetha angasebenzeli rhulumente.
Kodwa ke, abasebenzi bomKhuseli woluNtu banganceda ngokukuxelela ukuba ungakhalaza phi na okanye wenze ntoni na kwezi meko zingasentla. Kwiimeko ezithile umKhuseli woluNtu angakuthumela kwinkundla yamatyala xa ukuya enkundleni iyeyona ndlela ingcono yokusombulula ingxaki yakho. Kuba umKhuseli woluNtu engasebenzi njengomntu omela abantu ngokomthetho, uya kuthunyelwa kwigqwetha ukuba ingxaki kufuneka iye enkundleni.
I-ofisi yomKhuseli woluNtu kwisiZwe ifumaneka ePitoli.
Kodwa ke, kukho abaKhuseli boluNtu kwiphondo ngalinye.
Ikhomishoni yamaLungelo uluntu ikhuthaza intlonipho nokhuseleko lwamalungelo oluntu. Indima yayo kukufundisa abantu malunga namalungelo oluntu nokuphanda izikhalazo malunga nokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu. Ingaququzelela ukuba umntu abe negqwetha ukuba likhusele amalungelo akhe yaye ingasa amatyala enkundleni apho kudingekayo. I-HRC liqumrhu elizimeleyo yaye liphendula kuphela kumGaqo-siseko. Kufuneka inike ingxelo ePalamente kanye ngonyaka.
Le khomishoni yamiselwa ukuze ikhuthaze ze ikhusele amalungelo abantu benkcubeko, inkolo, neelwimi ezahlukeneyo. Kufuneka ikhuthaze ze iphuhlise uxolo, ukunyamezelana kunye nokumanyana kwesizwe phakathi kwala maqela abantu, konke oko kusekelwe ekulinganeni, ukungacaluli nenkululeko yokunxulumana.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba zonke izakheko zikarhulumente, kuquka noMongameli, ziqonde ngokupheleleyo ukuba inkululeko ayinakufumaneka ngaphandle kokuba abafazi babe baye bakhululwa kuzo zonke iindidi zengcinezelo'.
UMongameli uNelson Mandela, evula iPalamente yokuQala eyanyulwe ngentando yesininzi eMzantsi Afrika ngomhla wama-24 Meyi 1994.
Ikhomishoni yokuLingana ngokoBuni lelinye lamaziko amathandathu karhulumente axhasa ulawulo lwesininzi endululwe kumGaqo-siseko ka-1996. Injongo yale khomishoni, njengoko ifakwe kwicandelo 187 lomGaqo-siseko, kukukhuthaza ukulingana ngokobuni kunye nokucebisa nokwenza izindululo epalamente okanye nayo nayiphi na indlu yowiso-mthetho ngokubhekiselele kuyo nayiphi na imithetho okanye umthetho osandululwayo ochaphazela ukulingana ngokobuni kunye nesidima sabafazi.
UmPicothi-zincwadi Jikelele uhlola ii-akhawunti zawo onke amasebe karhulumente wesizwe nabamaphondo kunye nabo bonke oorhulumente basemakhaya ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali iyacaca indlela esebenze ngayo.
Uthethathethwano olwakhokelela kwisisombululo sopolitiko eMzantsi Afrika lwakhokelela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ekumiselweni kwe-IEC ngokwemisindleko yomGaqo-siseko ka-1993.
Iinjongo zale Khomishoni "kukomeleza ulawulo lwesininzi olukumgaqo-siseko nokukhuthaza iinkqubo zonyulo lwesininzi". Le Khomishoni inegunya lokulawula ulonyulo novavanyo-zimvo lwesizwe, olwamaphondo noloomasipala.
Amagunya, uxanduva nemisebenzi yayo isindlekwe kwiCandelo 5 lomThetho.
ICandelo 19 lomGaqo-siseko likwanika umsindleko wokukhuselwa kwamalungelo opolitiko, nto leyo engoyena ndoqo wegunya lale khomishoni.
Kukho amanye amaqumrhu, ngaphandle kwala maziko akwisahluko sethoba, athe amiselwa ukuze omeleze ulawulo lwesininzi lwethu.
Le Khomishoni imiselelwe ukubeka esweni yonke imiba yosasazo kweli lizwe, umzekelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba usasazo lukanomathotholo nolukamabonakude lolufanelekileyo nokuba zikhupha iindaba zoluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika.
Le nkundla yamiselwa ngokomgaqo-siseko ka-1996. Uxanduva lwale nkundla kukumisa umthetho nomGaqo-siseko, ekufuneka bawusebenzise ngokungenamkhethe nokungenabuganga, uthatho-cala okanye ixanasi.
Icandelo 25 ne omThetho lisindleka ukuba nawuphi na umntu okanye uluntu olwaphulukana nomhlaba walo emva ko-1913 ngenxa yomthetho wocalulo lunelungelo lokubanga ukubuyiselwa umhlaba walo okanye luhlawulwe ngalo mhlaba. Icandelo 25 linika imvume yokuba urhulumente aphumeze umthetho wokujongana nala mabango. Urhulumente waphumeza umThetho wokuBangwa komHlaba ngokwemigaqo ekwathi kwamiselwa ngayo iKhomishoni neNkundla yoBango mhlaba ukuba zijongane namabango omhlaba enziwa ngabantu.
Imisebenzi yeKhomishoni yoBango-miHlaba kukuphanda amabango omhlaba, ukungenelela nokusombulula la mabango nokusa amabango kwiNkundla yamaBango omHlaba ukuba ayinakho ukuwasombulula. Ikhomishoni yamaBango omHlaba inamakhu-khulu amabango ekwinkqubo yokuwaphanda.
INkundla yoBango-miHlaba iya kwenza isigqibo malunga namabango angenakusonjululwa yiKhomishoni. Le nkundla ingayalela ukuba abantu babuyiselwe umhlaba wabo, okanye inike lo mntu ubanga umhlaba omnye umhlaba karhulumente, okanye imhlawule imbuyekezo lo mntu ubanga umhlaba ngenxa yokuphulukana nomhlaba wakhe.
Icandelo 20 lomgaqo-siseko lisindleka ukuba, akukho mmi omakalelwe ubumi'.
Umntu ozalelwe eMzantsi Afrika ungummi woMzantsi Afrika yaye oko akunakususwa kuye.
La manyathelo ali-10 alandelayo aya kukunceda ekuzobeni isicwangciso sephulo malunga nomba wamalungelo kuluntu lwakho. Wasebenzise la manyathelo ukuba akuncede kwiphulo elilelakho.
Iluhlobo luni le ngxaki?
Ndlela zini ezinokusetyenziswa ukuyisombulula?
Miqobo/zithintelo zini ezenza ubunzima?
Zixhobo zini ezikhoyo (ngokwemali nabantu)?
KHETHA EYONA NJONGO YAKHO yeli phulo (ungabi neenjongo ezingaphezu kwesine). Ngamanye amazwi, yintoni oza kuyenza njengenxalenye yeli phulo. Yenza isigqibo ngexesha oza kulithatha kweli phulo lonke.
THATHA ENYE YEZI NJONGO UCWANGCISE amanyathelo esenzo esidingekayo ukuze kuphunyezwe lo njongo. Wabhale phantsi la manyethelo kwisishicilelo seendaba. (Kuba esi isisicwangciso, iingcamango zesenzo aziyi kuba kuhlelo oluthile).
HLOLA EZI NGCAMANGO UKUSUSELA KWINYATHELO 3 uze ukhethe ezo ngathi zezona zinokuphumelela. Bhala isenzo senyathelo ngalinye olikhethileyo ekhadini okanye iphetshana elingange-5cm x 8cm. (La makhadi abizwa ngokuba ngamakhadi entshukumo).
PHINDA AMANYATHELO 3 no- 4 KWEZINYE IINJONGO ezo uzichonge kwinyathelo 2.
THATHA IPHEPHA LOSHICILELO LWEENDABA uze ubhale isihloko sephulo lakho nexesha oza kulithatha phaya emantla. Zoba umgca phantsi kwaso. Bhala injongo yokuqala yeli phulo ngaphantsi kwalo mgca. Zoba omnye ungca phantsi koko uze ubhale injongo yesibini. Qhubekeka noku de ube ubhale zonke iinjongo.
NCAMATHELISA LA MAKHADI ENTSHUKUMO UKUSUKA KWINYATHELO 4 ngokulandelelana kwawo ecaleni kwenjongo efanelekileyo. Qala ngelona nyathelo lilula okanye elona lngxamisekileyo kufuneka lithatyathiwe. Xoxa ngala makhadi entshukumo uze uwahlele ngokutsha ukuba kuyadingeka oko. Yongeza nawo nawaphi na amanyathelo amatsha andululwayo.
XOXA NGEKHADI LENTSHUKUMO NGALINYE - kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani, ngubani oza kuba noxanduva lweli nyathelo ngandleko zini, ukuba kukho bani oza kubandakanyeka. Bhala phantsi ixesha, umntu oza kuba noxanduva lwalo ntshukumo kunye neendleko zentshukumo nganye kunye neendleko kwikhadi lentshukumo ngalinye.
JONGA IXESHA ELIZA KUTHATHWA KWELI PHULO LILONKE- Bhala iinyanga malunga nomphezulu wephepha.
Ngeli xesha usagcine amakhadi akho entshukumo ngokulandelelana kwawo. Ngoku ke hlela la makhadi ngokweenyanga ahambelana nazo.
NeNdlela yokuziphatha kunye nokuziPhatha kuShishino kwiSebe lezobuLungisa noPhuhliso lomGaqo-siseko.
Ukulingana: Akunakucalulwa. Kodwa inkqubo yokunika amathuba kwabo babevinjwe amathuba kunye nocalulo olufanelekileyo zamkelekile.
Isidima soluntu: isidima sakho kufuneka sihlonitshwe yaye sikhuselwe.
Ubomi: unelungelo lobomi.
Inkululeko nokhuseleko lomntu: akunakuvalelwa ngaphandle kokuxoxa, uthuthunjiswe okanye wohlwaywe ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo. Ubundlobongela basemakhaya abuvumelekanga.
Ubomi bangasese: Akunakusetshwa, wena nekhaya lakho okanye izinto zakho.
Inkululeko yenkolo, ukukholwa noluvo: ungakholelwa ze ucinge nangantoni na oyifunayo ze ulandele inkolo ozikhethele yona.
Ilungelo lokuthetha: bonke abantu (kuquka namaphephandaba) bangathetha nantoni na abayifunayo.
Ukuhlangana, imiboniso yaqhankqalazo, ukuhlalela uqhankqalazo kunye nokufaka izikhalazo: ungenza umboniso woqhankqalazo, uhlalele uqhankqalazo ze ungenise nesikhalazo. Kodwa oku kufuneka ukwenze ngoxolo.
Ilungelo lokunxulumana: unganxulumana naye nabani na ofuna ukunxulumana naye.
Amalungelo ezopolitiko: unganika inkxaso kwiqela lopolitiko ozikhethele lona. Ukuba ungummi, ube uneminyaka eli-18 nangaphezulu ubudala, ungavota.
Ubumi: ubumi bakho abunakuhluthwa kuwe.
Inkululeko yokuhamba-hamba nokuhlala: Ungaya ze uhlale naphi na eMzantsi Afrika.
Inkululeko yorhwebo, umsebenzi nekhondo: Ungenza nawuphi na umsebenzi okhetha ukuwenza.
Ubudlelane babasebenzi: Ungangenelela iimanyano zabasebenzi uze ungenele noqhankqalazo.
Ummandla: Unelungelo lommandla onempilo.
Impahla: Impahla yakho ingohluthwa kuwe kuphela xa kulandelwe imigaqo efanelekileyo.
Ulwakhiwo lwezindlu: Urhulumente kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba abantu bafumana izindlu ezifanelekileyo.
Amaziko empilo, ukutya, amanzi nokhuseleko loluntu: Urhulumente kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba unokutya namanzi, namaziko empilo nokhuseleko loluntu.
Abantwana: Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 banamalungelo awodwa, njengelungelo lokungaxhatshazwa.
Imfundo: Unelungelo lenfundo esisiseko, kuquka nemfundo yabadala, ngolwimi lwakho (ukuba kunokwenzeka oko).
Ulwimi nenkcubeko: Ungasebenzisa ulwimi ofuna ukulusebenzisa uze ulandele inkcubeko oyikhethileyo.
Amaqela enkcubeko, inkolo, nolwimi: Naluphi na uluntu lungaxhamla inkcubeko yalo, lulandele inkolo yalo ze lusebenzise ulwimi lwalo.
Ukufikelela kulwazi: Unelungelo lokufikelela nakoluphi na ulwazi, analo urhulumente.
Intshukumo yolawulo enobulungisa: Iintshukumo ezenziwa ngurhulumente kufuneka zibe zezifanelekileyo.
Ukufikelela ezinkundleni: Unganakho ukuba ingxaki yakho yomthetho isonjululwe enkundleni okanye nasiphi na isakheko.
Abantu ababanjiweyo, abavalelweyo nabatyholwayo: Eli lungelo likhusela abantu abathe babanjwa, bavalelwa okanye batyholwa.
Onke la malungelo anokuba nemida ukuba imiqathango ebekiweyo kwisolotya lokumisela umda (s36) liye la zalisekiswa.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UMTHETHO OYILWAYO OKHATHALELA IZIGULO ZENGQONDO.txt</fn>
Ukunikwa kwenkathalo, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo yabantu abagula ngengqondo; ukunika inkqubo ezahlukeneyo emazilandelwe ekuvunyweni kwabantu abanjalo; ukumisela iBhodi zokuHlola malunga nokuphi na ukumiswa kwezempilo; eyokumisela amagunya nemisebenzi yawo; ukunikwa kwenkathalo nolawulo lwepropathi yabantu abagula ngengqondo; ukutshitshisa imithetho ethile; kwakunye nokunikela ngemicimbi enxulumene noko.
SIQONDA okokukuba impilo yimeko yemvelo, yengqondo nentlalo yoluntu, nokuba iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo kufuneka zinikezwe njengenxenye yeenkonzo zeempilo zodidi lokuqala, elesibini kwakunye neliphezulu.
SIQONDA okokuba uMgaqo siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika, ka-1996 (uMthetho wenombolo u-108 ka-1996), uthintela ukucalulwa kwabantu abagula ngengqondo okanye obunye nje ubulwelwe.
SIQONDA okokukuba umntu kunye nepropathi yomntu ophazamiseke ngokwasengqondweni okanye ongqondo inobulwelwe, angathi maxa wambi afune ukhuseleko kwaye amalungu kawonke wonke kunye nepropathi yabo, ngokufanayo anokufuna ukukhuselwa kubantu abagula ngengqondo okanye abngqondo inobulwelwe.
xl "ukhathalelo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo ngokuzithandela" kuthetha ulungiselelo lophazamiseko lwempilo kumntu onika imvume yolo phazamiseko.
Lo Mthetho kufuneka utolikwe ngendlela engaguquguqukiyo, ngeenjongo zalo Mthetho.
Xa ngaba kukho ungquzulwano oluvelayo phakathi kwalo Mthetho kunye nawo nawuphi na omnye umthetho ongomnye ngaphandle koMgaqo siseko, lo Mthetho ngowona uyakuba namandla adlula awomnye lowo.
izigulana zikaRhulumente; kunye iii namabanjwa agula ngengqondo c ukucacisa amalungelo kunye nezibophelelo zabasebenzisi benkathalelo yabo bagula ngengqondo kunye nabo banikezela ngenkonzo yenkathalelo kubantu abagula ngengqondo; kunye d nokulawula indlela enokuthi inkundla yomthetho ilawule ngayo impahla yabantu abagula ngengqondo kunye nabo banobulwelwe obungamandla okanye okukhulu ngokwasengqondweni.
c ekhuthaza amalungelo nemfuno zabasebenzisi zenkathalelo yabagula ngengqondo; kunye d ekhuthaza ze iphucule imeko yempilo ngokwasengqondweni kuluntu jikelele.
a zibhedlela zabagula ngengqondo, okanye b ngamaziko okukhathalela nokubuyisela isimo sesiqhelo.
Ukumiselwa okubhekiswa kuko kwicandelwana u-1 kunokurhoxiswa nanini na okanye litshintshwe yintloko yesebe likazwelonke ivumelana nentloko yesebe lephondo elinxulemene noko.
a anike nawuphi na umntu ofuna iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, zokunyangwa, nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ngendlela ezifanelekileyo zenkathalo, unyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo phantsi kwendlela elimiselwe ukwenza umsebenzi walo ngayo; okanye b athumele loo mntu ngokwendlela esekiweyo yokuthumela nokwamkela kwiziko lempilo elisekiweyo elibonelela ngenkathalelo yengqondo, yonyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo elikumgangatho onguwo.
Iziko lempilo elisekelwe oko alinako ukunika umsebenzisi weenkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo iyeza lokugula ngengqondo ithuba elingaphezulu kweenyanga ezintandathu ngaphandle kokuba ligunyaziswe ngumsebenzi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo omiselwe ukuba abonelele ngamyeza aze ahlolisise unyango lwesigulo sengqondo.
Intloko yeSebe likaZwelonke kufuneka ngokuvumelana neentloko zamasebe oorhulumente bamaphondo ngokumalunga namaziko ezepilo amiselwe ngokumalunga necandelo u-51, amisele indlela yeenkonzo zokukhathalelwa, nokunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwisimo sesiqhelo emazisetyenziswe kwiziko ngalinye elo limiselweyo.
iziko lempilo elibonelela ngokwamkelwa kwezigulane nonyango elikudidi lwesibini alivumelekanga ukuba lamkele umsebenzisi woncedo lokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo ixesha elingaphezulu kweenyanga ezimbini ngaphandle kokuba ligunyaziswe ngugqirha ophetheyo wabagula ngengqondo okwelo candelo leziko lempilo.
Umgangatho wesithathu weenkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo zinokubonelelwa kwiziko lezempilo elikumgangatho wesithathu okanye isibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo esimiselwe ngokwecandelo u-51.
f abantu abathunyelwa yinkundla ukuze kuqwaselwe imeko yokuphila kwengondo phantsi kweNkqubo koLwaphulo Mthetho, kunye g nabantu abamkelwe ezibhedlela ithuba elide njengeemfuno zokulindolozwa, nokunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo.
a aqhube iimvavanyo zokuhlolwa kwengqondo; kwaye b abonelelwe ngeenkonzo zenkathalo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kubantu abagula ngengqondo nabanobukhali bengqondo ngokungaphaya kuquka abo bancediswayo kunye babasebenzisi bolondolozo lwempilo ababgokungazimiselanga.
Abantu ababonelela ngeenkonzo yenkathalelo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kufuneka babonelele ngenkonzo ngendlela enceda abasebenzisi beenkonzo zokulindolozwa kwempilo yengqondo yasekuhlaleni.
Amalungelo kunye nemisebenzi yabantu, amaqumrhu kunye namaziko axelwe kwesi sahluko ongezelelwa kuwo nawaphi na amalungelo okanye imisebenzi abanokuba nayo ngokumalunga nawuphi na umthetho.
Ekuphuhliseni amalungelo kunye nasekwenzeni imisebenzi exelwe kwesi Sahluko, kufuneka kunanzwe iimfuno zabasebenzisi benkonzo zempilo ngokungcono.
Umntu, isidima somntu kunye nemfihlelo zakhe nawuphi na umsebenzisi wolondolozo lwempilo kufuneka zihlonitshwe.
Nawuphi na umsebenzisi wolondolozo lwempilo kufuneka anikwe iinkonzo zenkathallelo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo eziphucula ukukwazi kwesigulane ukuziphuhlisa ngokwaneleyo kwaye ancede ukuzimanya kubomi bommandla wakhe.
Iinkonzo zenkathalo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyekezwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ezinikwa umsebenzisi esigula ngengqqondo kufuneka zibe ngolwalamano nemeko zempilo zabagula ngengqondo kwaye zinokuphazamisa kuphela kancinane ngolona hlobo ukunika impumezo kwinkathalo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo esichanekileyo.
i ekufeni okanye ukwenzakala okungenakuguqulwa kwimpilo yomsebenzisi ii ekuzenzakaliseni kwesigulane okanye senzakalise abanye abantu; okanye iv isigulane senze umonakalo omkhulu okanye ukulahleka kwepropathi yakhe okanye eyabanye abantu.
a kufuneka enze ingxelo ebhalwe phantsi ngalo mba ngendlela emiselweyo kwibhodi yokuHlola; kwaye b akanako ukuqhubeka ebonelela ngeenkonzo zenkathalo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo kumsebenzisi ochaphazelekayo ithuba elingaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24 ngaphandle kokuba isicelo esimalunga neSahluko V senziwe lingaphelanga ithuba leeyure ezingama-24.
Wonke ogula ngengqondo kufuneka afumane iinkonzo zenkathalelo, zokukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ngokumalunga nemigangatho efana naleyo isebenzayo nakusiphi na isigulo esongiwa impilo yengqondo.
Imigaqo neenkqubo ezijoliswe ekuphuhliseni imeko yempilo yengqondo yomntu kufuneka isetyenzwe kunikwa ingqalelo isakhono sengqondo yomtu lowo.
b abasebenzisi ababekwa phantsi kwemeko benze umsebenzi osisinyanzeliso; kwaye c inkathalelo, unyango kunye nenkonzo zobuyisela kwisimo esiqhelekileyo azisetyenziswa njengesohlwayo okanye ukulungiselela abanye abantu.
Umntu olingqina kulo naluphina uhlobo lwempathombi oluxelwe kwicandelwana u 1 olujoliswe kumsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo kufuneka anike inxelo yoku ngendlela emiselweyo.
Nayiphina imimiselo ebhekiselele kwisimo sokuphila kwengqondo yakhe nawuphina umntu kufuneka isekelwe kwiimeko ezingqalene kuphela nemeko leyo yempilo yengqondo yalo mntu okanye, ngokubhekiselele kwinjongo yokusebenza koMthetho weNkqubo yeZaphulamthetho, kwaye hayi yezentlalo nezombuso okanye imo yezoqoqosho, ezenkcubeko okanye imvelaphi ngezenkolo okanye ukuzalana.
Ummiselo obhekiselele kwisimo sokuphila kwengqondo yomsebenzisi ungenziwa kuphela okanye ukhankanywe ngenjongo ezingqalene ngqo nesimo sokuphila kwengqondo yalo msebenzisi.
Umntu okanye iziko lempilo alivumelekanga ukuba lidize naluphina ulwazi umsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo anelungelo lokuyigodla ngokwawo nawuphina omnye umthetho.
Nangona icandelwana 1 lisitsho nje, intloko yesebe likazwelonke, intloko yesebe lephondo okanye intloko yeziko ekungqalwe kulo ingadiza olulwazi ukuba xa ukusilela kwayo kungabeka esichengeni impilo yomsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo okanye abanye abantu.
a bekeni esichengeni komsebenzisi; okanye b kukhokhelele ekubeni umsebenzisi aziphathe ngendlela enokuthi imbeke esichengeni okanye impilo yabanye abantu.
Ngokungaphantsi kweemeko ezisetyenziswa ekuboneleleni ngenkonzo zenkathalo, unyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kumaziko empilo, intloko yeziko lempilo ingathintela ukuthandana kwabantu abadala abangabasebenzisi benkathalelo yempilo yengqondo kuphela xa ngaba ngenxa yokugula ngengqondo, isakhono somsebenzisi sokunika imvume sinciphile.
b efaka isibheno; okanye c evela phambi kwemantyi, ijaji okanye iBhodi yokuHlola, kodwa oku kwenziwe phantsi kwemithetho elawula amalungelo okuvela enkundleni yamatyala.
Umsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo ohlwempuzekileyo unelungelo unelungelo loncedo lomthetho olunikezelwa nguRhulumente malunga nayo nayiphina inkqubo emiselwe okanye eqhutywa ngokwalo Mthetho phantsi kwayo nayiphina imeko eqhutywa ngokwecandelo 3 d loMthetho woNcedo lwaseMthethweni ka-1969 Umthetho nombolo 22 ka-1969.
Intloko yeziko lempilo kufuneka, kwifomu emiselweyo, inike inxelo yokukhululwa kunyango kumsebenzisi owayengeniswe ngenjongo zokufumana inkonzo yenkathalelo, unyango okanye ukubuyiselwa kwisimo sesiqhelo.
Nawuphina umboneleli ngenkathalelo yempilo kufuneka phambi kokuba anike nayiphina inkonzo yenkathalelo, unyango kunye nokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo, azise umsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo ngendlela efanelekileyo ngamalungelo akhe, ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi ungeniswe phantsi kwemeko ezikhankanywe kwicandleo 9 (c).
Ilungu lesiGqeba esiLawulayo elinoxanduva lwenkonzo zempilo kwiphondo kufuneka, emva kokuthethathethana nentloko yesebe lephondo elichaphazelekayo, liseke iBhodi yokuHlola ngokumalunga naliphina iziko lempilo elibonelela ngenkonzo zenkathalelo, unyango okanye ukubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo kwiphondo elo.
Ibhodi yokuHlola ekujoliswe kuyo kwicandelwana 1 inokusekwa ijongane neziko ngalinye okanye ingqokelela yamaziko empilo abonelela ngenkonzo zenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo kwiphondo elo.
a liqeshe, linikele okanye lityumbe abantu kubasebenzi balo; kwaye b linikezele ngezixhobo zokusebenza ezizezinye, kwiBhodi yokuHlola ukuza ibenako ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wolawulo.
e iqwalasele izicelo zokutshintselwa kwabasebenzizi benkathalelo yempilo yengqondo ukuya kwindawo zokhuseleko oluluqilima; kwaye f iqwalasele ingxelo zamaxesha athile ngemeko yempilo yengqondo yamabanjwa agula ngengqondo.
Ibhodi yokuHlola inako ukuthi xa isenza umsebenzi wayo ithethathethane okanye yamkele ingcebiso kuye nawiphina umntu kuquka umntu okanye iqumrhu elinobungcali.
IBhodi yokuHlola ibandakanya abantu abangekho ngaphantsi kwesithathu kunye nabangekho ngaphezulu kwesihlanu abangabemi boMzantsi Afrika abamiselwe liGosa lesiGqeba elifanelekileyo kwiphondo ngalinye.
b ngumantyi, igqwetha okanye igqwetha elamkelwe ngokomthetho weRiphabliki; kunye c nelungu lasekuhlaleni elichaphazelekayo.
a Ilungu elifanelekileyo leQumrhu loLawulo Eliphezulu kufuneka limisele ithuba lonyulo lamalungu onyulwe ngaphantsi kwecandelwana 3.
b Elo xesha lokuqala kwiofisi linokulungiselelwa lifanele imeko ethile.
d liyeka ukuba ngummi waseMzantsi Afrika; okanye e oko kusemdleni woluntu.
Ilungu alinakho ukususwa esikhundleni ngaphandle kwasemva kophando olwenziweyo.
b lisuswa esikhundleni ngokumalunga necandelo 21; okanye c lithi lisweleke okanye lingakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi walo ithuba leenyanga ezintandathu ezilandelelanayo.
Xa isithuba sithe savela kwiBhodi yokuHlola njengoko kukhankanywe kwicandelwana 1 malunga nokunyulwa kwamalungu eBhodi yokuHlola, inkqubo ekhankanywe kwicandelo 203 liyasebenza.
Isigqibo esithathwe yiBhodi yokuHlola asinakho ukungabinagunyangesizathu kuphela sesithuba esingokunganonopheli kwiBhodi yokuHlola xa kwakuthathwa isigqibo eso.
Ilungu elifanelekileyo lesiGqeba esiLawulayo linokuthi ngokungqinelana nelungu lesiGqeba esiLawulayo elinoxanduva lwemali limisele intlawulo, iindleko zokuhamba, izibonelelo kunye nezinye iimali zokubonelela eziza kuhlawulwa ilungu leBhodi yokuHlola elingaqeshwanga ngokusisigxina nguRhulumente.
Intlawulo, iindleko zokuhamba, izibonelelo kunye nezinye iimali zokubonelela ezikhankanywe licandelurana 1 kufuneka zibekelwe ecaleni kwiimali zoMthetho welo Phondo lifanelekileyo.
IBhodi yokuHlola inokumisela iinkqubo ezizezayo zokuqhuba umsebenzi.
a Ilungu elo lifanelekileyo lesiGqeba soLawulo Oluphezulu malalathe omnye wamalungu eBhodi yokuHlola njengosihlalo weentlanganiso zeBhodi yokuHlola ukuchophela intlanganiso.
b Amalungu eBhodi yokuHlola anokumisela inkqubo yokutyumba usihlalo wethutyana ukuba usihlalo akakwazi ukuchophela intlanganiso yeBhodi yokuHlola.
Nanini na xa iBhodi yokuHlola iqwalasela umcimbi obandakanya iziko lempilo apho omnye wamalungu eBhodi yokuHlola engugqirha wonyango lwengqondo, loo gqirha makangangabikho ekuqwalaselweni kwaloo mcimbi.
Umsebenzisi wokhathalelo lwempilo ozinikezela ngokuzikhethela kwiziko lempilo ukuba akhathalelwe, anyangwe aze abuyiselwe isimo sempilo sesiqhelo unelungelo lenkonzo zenkathalelo yempilo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sempilo ngendlela efanelekileyo okanye lokuthunyelwa kwiziko lezempilo elifanelekileyo.
i kukho inkolelo ngokwaneleyo yokuba umsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo ugula ngengqondo okanye unobukhali okanye unobunzulu obungaphaya bobulwelwe bengqondo, kwaye ufuna iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo, ezokunyangwa nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo okanye ukhuseleko lwakhe, okanye olwabanye abantu; kwaye iiumsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo akakwazi ukuzithabathela isigqibo ngemfuneko yeenkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa nokubuyieslwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sempilo.
i umsebenzisi ungaphantsi kwe-18 leminyaka ngethuba esenza isicelo, isicelo kufuneka senziwe ngumzali okanye umgcini ngokomthetho womnyangwa; okanye ii ngotshate naye, isizalwane, umlingane, iqabane ngokomsebenzi, umzali okanye umgcini ngokomthetho womsebenzisi xa singafuni, singakwazi okanye singafumaneki ukuze senze eso sicelo, isicelo sinokwenziwa ngobonelela ngokongiwa kwesigulo sengqondo.
b Abafakizicelo abakhankanywe kwicandelo a kufuneka ukuba babe bakhe bambona umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe ezidlulileyo phambi kokuba benze isicelo eso.
c ukuba sibeke izizathu umenzi sicelo akholelwa phantsi kwazo ukuba iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kuyafuneka; aze d achaze umhla, ixesha nendawo apho umsebenzisi wagqibela ukubonwa ngumfaki sicelo kwisithuba seentsuku ezisixhenxe phambi kokwenziwa kwesicelo.
Isicelo esikhankanywe kwicandelwana 1 singarhoxiswa naninina.
a Intloko yeziko emiselweyo yempilo emalunga noko kufuneka yakufumana isicelo yenze ukuba umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo axilongwe ngogqirha bempilo yengqondo ababini.
b Abo basebenzi bempilo yengqondo akufunekanga ibe kwangabo abenze isicelo eso kwaye ubuncinane omnye wabo kufuneka abe nesiqinisekiso sokuxilonga imizimba.
a iimeko ezikhankanywe kwcandelo 26b zinokusetyenziswa; kwaye b umsebenzi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo kufuneka afumane iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo njengesigulane esihlala ngaphandle okanye esamkelwe esibhedlele.
a Ukuba kufumaniseke ukuba oogqirha ababini bempilo yengqondo bayahluka, intloko yeziko lempilo kufuneka ilungiselele ukuba umsebenzisi sixilongwe ngomnye ugqirha wempilo yengqondo.
b Loo gqirha wempilo yengqondo kufuneka, akugqiba ukuxilonga, angenise ngokubhalwe phantsi, ingxelo ngemibandela ekhankanywe kwicandelwana 5.
Intloko yeziko lempilo elimiselweyo inokusiphumelelisa kuphela isicelo ukuba okufunyenwe ngabo gqirha bengqondo ababini kungqina ukuba zikho iimeko zoncedo zokukhathalela, ezonyango nezokuphucula isimo sempilo esixelwe kwicandelwana 4 okanye 6 sivuma okokuba iimeko zoncedo lokukhathalela ngempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kuyinto ekhoyo.
a okufunyenwe ngabasebenzi ababini bengqondo kuvumelana nokokuba iimeko zenkathalelo yempilo zomguli ongaphakathi esibhedlela, ukunyanga nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kuyinto ekhoyo; kwaye b yanelisekile ukuba imiqobo nongenelelo kumalungelo womsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo kwintshukumo, imfihlelo kunye nesidima zingolwalamano kwinkonzo zenkathalelo yempilo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimi sesiqhelo ezifunekayo.
Ukuba yanelisekile, intloko yeziko lempilo kufuneka yenze isaziso esibhaliweyo kumceli ngesigqibo sakhe esimalunga noncedo lokukhathalelwa kwempilo, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ekuxoxwa ngayo kwakunye nezizathu zoko.
Ukuba intloko yeziko iyasivuma isicelo seenkonzo zoncedo lokukhathalelwa komguli olaliswe ngaphakathi, ukunyangwa nezobuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo, kufuneka zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu, enze ukuba umsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo amkelwe kwelo ziko lempilo okanye athunyelwe kwelinye iziko lempilo elinamancedo afanelekileyo.
Intloko yeziko lezonyango elichaphazelekayo kufuneka, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezisixhenxe ithabathe isigqibo phantsi kwecandelo 27 , ithumele ikopi yesicelo kwiBhodi yokuHlola efanelekileyo kunye nesiqinisekiso sesigqibo sakhe.
a ngabi nako komsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo ukuthatha isigqibo esivokothekileyo malunga nemfuneko yeenkonzo zoncedo lokukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo; kunye b neemeko umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo afumana ngayo iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo.
i iqhubeke ngokubonelela umsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo ngeenkonzo zenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ngokufanelekileyo; okanye ii ikhulule umsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo ngokumalunga nendlela efanelekileyo yezonyango; kwaye b inike ingxelo ngezinto ezifumanise kuphando olo kunye namanqanaba athatyathiweyo kwintloko yesebe lephondo elichaphazelekayo.
Ukuba nangaliphi na ithuba phambi kokuba kugqitywe uphando, kufakwa isibheno ngokumalunga necandelo 29, iBhodi yokuHlola kufuneka iluyeke uphando ize iqwalasele isibheno esibekiweyo.
Umsebenzisi wenkathalerlo yempilo yengqondo, umntu otshate naye, isizalwana, umlingane, iqabane ngokomsebenzi, umzali okanye umgcini ngokomthetho unokuthi, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 ukusuka kumhla wokukhutshwa kwesaziso esibhaliweyo ngokumalunga necandelo 27 , afake isibheno ngokuchasene nesigqibo sentloko yeziko lempilo kwiBhodi yokuHlola.
b Eso sibheno kufuneka siqulathe iingongoma kunye nezizathu esisekwe phezu kwazo isibheno.
b ibonelele umfaki sibheno, umfaki sicelo, oogqirha abafanelekileyo abakhathalela impilo yengqondo kunye nentloko yeziko lezempilo elichaphazelekayo, ngethuba lokufaka iinkcukacha ngomlomo okanye ngokubhala malunga nemfaneleko yesibheno; ukuze c ithumele isaziso esibhaliweyo yesigqibo sayo kunye nezizathu zeso sigqibo kumfaki sibheno, kumenzi sicelo, kwintloko yeziko lezempilo ekuthethwa ngalo kunye nogqirha wempilo yengqondo ofanelekileyo.
Ukuba iBhodi yokuHlola iyasixhasa isibheno, zonke iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ezinikwa umsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo kufuneka zinqunyanyiswe ngokwendlela ezamkelekileyo zonyango kwaye umsebenzisi, ukuba ebesilalisiwe, kufuneka akhululwe liziko lezempilo, ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi uvuma iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ukunyangw kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sempilo yengqondo.
Kangangenyanga ezintandathu emva kokuba ziqalisile iinkonzo zenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo, ukunyanga kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo, kwakunye rhoqo ngeenyanga ezili-12 emva koko, intloko yeziko lezempilo elichaphazelekayo kufuneka yenze ukuba iimeko zempilo yengqondo zomsebenzisi oncedwayo wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo ukuba ahlolwe.
b luxele nokuba zingaba zikhona ezinye iinkonzo zokhathalelo lwempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa kunye nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo, ezingenazithintelo okanye ezingaphazamisani nelungelo lokukhululeka kwimfihlelo, kunye nesidima somsebenzisi; kwaye c lwenze izindululo ezimalunga nesicwangciso seenkonzo ezizenye zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ezilandelayo.
Ingxelo eshwankathela ukuhlolwa kufuneka ingeniswe kwiBhodi yokuHlola.
b kufuneka ithabathe isigqibo kuhlolo; kwaye c kufuneka ithumele isaziso esibhaliweyo ngesigqibo sayo kunye nezizathu zaso kumsebenzisi wenkathalelo wempilo yengqondo lowo kuthethwa ngaye, umenzi sicelo ochaphazelekayo, intloko yeziko lezempilo apho umsebenzisi amkelwe khona kunye netloko yesebe lephondo elifanelekileyo.
i zonke iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kufuneka zinqunqanyiswe ngokumalunga neendlela zonyango ezamkelekileyo; kwaye ii ukuba umsebenzisi ungeniswe ngaphakathi kufuneka akhululwe kwiziko elo lempilo, ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi uyazivuma iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ezokunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo.
b Intloko yeziko lezempilo elichaphazelekayo kufuneka yenze ngokwesigqibo seBhodi yokuHlola.
Ukuba intloko yeziko lezempilo, nangaliphi ithuba emva kokuvuma isicelo seenkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ezokunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sempilo sesiqhelo sesiqhelo, inesizathu sokukholelwa ngokuzilolongela ngenkqu, ulwazi elufumeneyo okanye ekufumaneni inkcazelo kulowo ungumsebenzisi wayo, okokuba umsebenzisi oncedwayo wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo uyachacha ekuzithatheleni izigqibo ezivokothekileyo, ize imbuze kumsebenzisi okokuba uyafuna na ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa ngokuzithandela nezokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, unyango nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo.
Ukuba umsebenzisi oncedwa ngeenkonzo zenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo, uyavuma ukuqhubeka neenkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo, icandelo 25 liyasebenza.
i umntu owayenze isicelo ngokumalunga necandelo 27; kunye ii nogqirha owonga impilo yengqondo, unontlalontle obhalisiweyo okanye umongikazi olawula iinkonzo zenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo, ezokunyaga nezobuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kuloo msebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo.
Intloko yeziko lezempilo kufuneka yazise abantu abakhankanywe kwicandelwana 3b ukuba banokwenza isicelo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokufumana loo ngxelo kwintloko yeziko lezempilo elifanelekileyo ukuba babonelele ngeenkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, unyango nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo okunyanzelekileyo kumsebenzisi, kwaye icandelo 32 ne-33 ziyasebenza koku.
Ukuba isicelo asenziwanga phambi kokuba kuphele iintsuku ezingama-30, umsebenzisi esincediswa ukukhathalelwa impilo yengqondo kufuneka sikhululwe.
i umsebenzisi singanobungozi bokuzenzakalisa okanye senzakalise abanye; okanye ii ukukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo somsebenzisi kuyafuneka, ukukhusela iimali okanye igama elihle lesigulana; kwaye c ngexesha lokwenza isicelo umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo akanako ukuthatha isigqibo ngeemfuno zaso zeenkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, zokunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kwaye asizimiselalnga ukwamkela ukukhathalelwa, unyango nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo okufunekayo.
i umsebenzisi ungaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ngomhla ekwenziwa ngawo isicelo, isicelo eso kufuneka senziwe ngumzali okanye ngumgcini womsebenzisi; okanye ii otshate naye, isizalwane, umlingane, iqabane lomsebenzi, umzali okanye umgcini ngokomthetho womsebenzisi engafuni, engakwazi okanye engafumaneki ukuze enze eso sicelo, isicelo sinokwenziwa ngumboneleli ngeenkonzo zokonga impilo.
b Abafaki zicelo abakhankanywe kwicandelo a kufuneka ukuba babe bakhe bambona umsebenzisi wokhathalelo lwempilo yengqondo kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe ezidlulileyo phambi kokuba benze isicelo eso.
c sibeke izizathu athi umenzi sicelo akholelwe phantsi kwayo ukuba iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ezonyango nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ziyafuneka; aze d achaze umhla, ixesha nendawo apho umsebenzisi wagqibela ukubonwa kuyo ngumenzi sicelo kwisithuba seentsuku ezisixhenxe phambi kokwenziwa kwesicelo.
Isicelo esikhankanywe kwicandelwana 1 singarhoxiswa naninina.
a Yakufumana isicelo intloko yeziko lempilo emalunga noko kufuneka yenze okokuba umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo iqisekise ukuba axilongwe ngoogqirha bempilo yengqondo ababini.
b Abo gqirha bempilo yengqondo akufuneki ibe kwangabo abebenze isicelo kwaye ubuncinane omnye wabo kufuneka abe nesiqinisekiso sokuxilonga imizimba.
a iimeko ezikhankanywe kwicandelo 32b no c ziyasebenza na; nokuba b umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo kufuneka afumane iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ezinyanzeliswayo.
a Ukuba kufumaniseke ukuba izimvo zabo gqirha babini bempilo yengqondo ziyahluka, intloko yeziko lempilo kufuneka ilungisele ukuba umsebenzisi axilongwe ngomnye ugqirha wempilo yengqondo.
b Loo gqirha wempilo yengqondo kufuneka, akugqiba ukuxilonga, angenise ingxelo ngencwadi ebhaliweyo ngemibandela ekhankanywe kwicandelwana 5.
Intloko yeziko lempilo inokusiphumelelisa kuphela isicelo ukuba okufunyenwe ngabo gqirha bengqondo ababini kuthethwe ngabo kwicandelwana 4 okanye 6 kungqina ukuba zikho iimeko ezifuna uncedo zokukhathalela okunyanzekelekileyo, ezonyango nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo.
Intloko yeziko lempilo mayazise umfaki sicelo ngokubhaliweyo izizathu zokuba ingaba lunganikwa na uncedo lokukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo.
a zingaphelanga iiyure ezingama-48, yenze ukuba umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo amkelwe kwelo ziko lempilo; okanye b ngokungqinelana nenye intloko yeziko lempilo elinezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo, umsebenzisi athunyelwe kwelo ziko limiselweyo.
i iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ezonyango kunye nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo okunyanzelekileyo kufuneka baqhubeke na ngazo; nokuba ii ezo nkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ezonyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kufuneka kunikezelwe ngazo phantsi kwemeko yokuba ngumsebenzisi ohlala ngaphandle okanye owamkelwe ngaphakathi kwiziko lempilo.
Intloko yeziko lempilo kufuneka, zingaphelanga iiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuphela kovavanyo lweeyure ezingama-72 inike umenzi sicelo iinkcukacha zolo vavanyo.
i imkhulule umsebenzisi ngaphansti kwemiqathango ethile okanye imigqaliselo ephathelele kwimeko yonyango lwakhe lwangaphandle.
inike isaziso kumenzi sicelo sosuku angeniswe ngalo amaxwebhu kwiBhodi yokuHlola.
a isibhedlele sabagula ngengqondo, eso sibhedlele kufuneka sigcine, inkathalelo, sinyange kwaye sibuyisele isimo sesiqhelo sempilo yomsebenzisi; okanye b esingesosibhedlele sabagula ngengqondo, loo msebenzisi kufuneka atshintshelwe kwisibhedlele sabagula ngengqondo esineenkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa kunye nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sempilo, de iBhodi yoku Hlola yenze isigqibo.
a amkhulule kunyango umsebenzisi ngokweemeko okanye iinkqubo ezimiselweyo; ize b yazise iBhodi yokuHlola ngokubhalwe phantsi.
Intloko yeziko lempilo emiselweyo inokukurhoxisa ukukhululwa komsebenzisi ize icele umsebenzisi ukuba abuyele kwiziko lonyango elimiselweyo ngokwendlela yomguli olaliswe ngaphakathi ngokungazimiselanga; ukuba inezizathu zokukholelwa ukuba umsebenzisi akaphumelelanga ukuyithobeli imiqathango yolo khululo lwakhe.
b ithumele isigqibo esinezizathu kumenzi sicelo kwakunye nentloko yeziko lempilo elimiselweyo; ize c ukuba iBhodi yokuHlola igqiba kwelokuba isivume isicelo eso, ingenise amaxwebhu kuNobhala weNkundla ePhezulu ekhankanywe kwicandelwana 3ci nesaziso esibhaliweyo ukuze siqwalaselwe yiNkundla ePhakamileyo.
Ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha phambi kokwenza isigqibo sokuqhubeka neenkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sempilo, ngendlela yokulaliswa ngaphakathi komguli, isibheno siya mangalelwa ngokuchasene nesigqibo sentloko yeziko lempilo elimiselwayo ngokumalunga necandelo 35, iBhodi yokuHlola kufuneka inqumamise inkqubo yokuhlolwa iqwalasele isibheno. ngemiqathango yezigulana ezihlala ngaphakathi.
Umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo, okanye otshate naye, isizalwane, umlingane, iqabane ngokomsebenzi, umzali okanye umgcini ngokomthetho womsebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqodo unokuthi, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama 30 ukusuka kumhla wesaziso esibhaliweyo esikhutshwe ngokwecandelo 33 , abhene ngokuchasene nesigqibo sentloko yeziko lempilo elimiselweyo kwiBhodi yokuHlola.
b Eso sibheno kufuneka sibeneengongoma nezizathu zokusekwa kwesibheno eso.
b inike ofake isibheno, umenzi sicelo, abasebenzi bempilo yengqondo abakhankanywe kwicandelo 33, ugqirha wempilo yengqondo ozimeleyo, ukuba ukho, kunye nentloko yeziko lezempilo elichaphazelekayo ithuba lokufaka iinkcukacha ngokubhaliweyo okanye ngomlomo ngokweengongoma zomxholo kwesibheno.
c iqwalasele isibheno ngendlela emiselweyo; kwaye d ithumele isaziso esibhaliweyo yesigqibo sayo kunye nezizathu zeso sigqibo kumfaki sibheno, kumenzi sicelo, kwintloko yeziko lezempilo ekuthethwa ngalo kunye nesebe lephondo elifanelekileyo.
a zonke iinkonzo zenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo, ezokunyanga nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sempilo kumsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo kufuneka zinqunyanyiswe ngokweemeko ezamkelekileyo zeendlela zonyango; kwaye b umsebenzisi, ukuba ebemkelwe esibhedlele kufuneka akhululwe yintloko yeziko, ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi ufuna ukuqhubeka neenkonzo zokukhathalelwa, ezokunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sempilo.
Ukuba iBhodi yokuHlola ayisixhasi isibheno, kufuneka ingenise amaxwebhu akhankanywe kwisiqendwana 2a no d kuNobhala weNkundla ePhakamileyo ukuze ahlolwe yiNkundla ePhakamileyo.
i ukuba kuqhubeke ukuhlaliswa komsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo esibhedlela ukuze, ukuba kukho imfuneko yoko, imicimbi yemali yomsebenzisi lowo wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo iphathwe kwaye ilawulwe ngokwezibonelelo zesahluko VIII; okanye ii umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo akhululwe esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Kwinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuqaliswa kweenkonzo zenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo, zokunyanga kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sempilo, kwaye rhoqo kwiinyanga ezili-12 emva koko, intloko yeziko lezempilo echaphazelekayo kufuneka yenze ukuba kuhlolwe imeko yempilo yomsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo.
c luxele nokuba ingaba kukho ezinye na iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ezokunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo ezinesithintelo nganeno kweso okanye eziphazamisana nelungelo lomsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo ekukhululekeni, imfihlelo, nesidima saso; kwaye d lwenze izindululo ezimalunga nesicwangciso sezinye iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ezokunyangwa kunye nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sempilo yengqondo ezilandelayo.
Intloko yeziko lonyango elimiselweyo lwabagula ngengqondo kufuneka ingenise ingxelo eshwankathelweyo yokuhlolwa kwiBhodi yokuHlola.
a iqwalasele ingxelo kubandakanywa nokufumana iinkcukacha nakubani na ofanelekileyo; kwaye b ithumele isaziso esibhaliweyo ngesigqibo sayo kumsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo, umenzi sicelo ochaphazelekayo, intloko yeziko lezempilo elimiselweyo kunye netloko yesebe lephondo elifanelekileyo exela izizathu zesigqibo sakhe.
i zonke iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ezokunyangwa nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sengqondo kufuneka zinqunyanyiswe ngokumalunga neendlela zonyango ezamkelekileyo; kwaye ii ukuba umsebenzisi ebengeniswe ngaphakathi kufuneka akhululwe kwiziko elo lempilo elimiselweyo ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi uyavuma ukunikwa iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo.
b Intloko yeziko lezempilo elimiselweyo echaphazelekayo kufuneka livumelane nesigqibo seBhodi yokuHlola.
UNobhala weNkundla ePhakamileyo kufuneka aziswe ngokunhalwe phantsi ngokukhululwa kwiziko lonyango okwenziwe malunga neli candelo.
Ukuba intloko yeziko lempilo inengcamango yokuba ngenxa yeembono zayo, ekufumaneni inkcazelo ngomsebenzisi, yokuba umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo ngokunyanzelisiweyo unakho ukuzithathela izigqibo ezisekwe kulwazi, kufuneka ibuze kumsebenzisi lowo ukuba angathanda na ukuqhubeka neenkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ezonyango nezokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sempilo.
Ukuba umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo ngokunyanzelisiweyo uyavuma ukuqhubeka neenkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, zokunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo, icandelo 25 liya kutyhi lisebenze.
Ukuba umsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo ngokunyanzelisiweyo akafuni kuqhubeka neenkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ezonyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kwaye intloko yeziko lempilo iyaneliseka ukuba umsebenzisi akasaguli ngengqondo njengoko kukhankanywe kwicandelo 32b, intloko yeziko lezempilo elimiselweyo echaphazelekayo kufuneka ngoko nangoko lenze okokuba akhululwe umsebenzisi kunyango ngokweendlela zonyango ezivumelekileyo.
a ukhe wazimela okanye walinga ukuzimela kwilixa elingaphambili; okanye b wenzakalise okanye ubonakala enokwenzakalisa abanye kwiziko elimiselweyo lezempilo.
Intloko yeziko lezempilo kufuneka ifake ikopi yengxelo kumenzi sicelo ukuze umenzi sicelo akwazi ukungenisa inkcazelo kwiBhodi yokuHlola malunga nemfanelo zolo tshintsho.
a ngenjongo yokohlwaya umsebenzisi lowo ogula ngengqondo ochaphazelekayo; okanye b ukuba ayoneliseki ukuba imeko yempilo yengqondo yomsebenzisi igunyazisa ukutshintshelwa kwiindawo ezinoqilima lokhuseleko.
Ukuba iBhodi yokuHlola iyasiphumeza isicelo kufuneka ithumele ikopi yalo myalelo uchaphazelekayo kwintloko yeziko lezempilo elimiselweyo nakwintloko yesebe lephondo elifanelekileyo.
Zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-14 emva kokufumana umyalelo, intloko yesebe lephondo elichaphazelekayo kufuneka yenze amalungiselelo afunekayo kunye neziko elimiselweyo elifanelekileyo lempilo ize iphumeze utshintsho njengoko kuyalelwe.
Intloko yeziko lempilo elimiselweyo inokuthi, ngokuvumelana nentloko yeziko lempilo elimiselweyo elinokhuseleko oluluqilima iphumeze utshintsho ngokuxhomekeke kwisigqibo seBhodi yokuHlola ukuba isimo somsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo sinokwenza okanye sinokuthi sikhokelele kwimo yonxunguphalo.
a asiwe kwiziko lempilo elifanelekileyo elilawulwa phantsi koRhulumnte aye kufumana uvavanyo lwesimo sempilo yengqondo ; aze b anikezelwe kugcino lwentloko yeziko lempilo elimiselweyo okanye nawuphi na umntu owalathelwe yintloko yeziko lempilo ukuba amkele abantu abanjalo.
a ngenxa yesimo sakhe sengqondo okanye ubukhali okanye ubunzulu bengqondo obumandla unobungozi kuye nakwabanye abantu, makamamkele umntu lowo kwiziko lempilo elimiselweyo ithuba elingekho ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuze kwenziwe isicelo ngokumalunga necandelo 33; okanye b aka bonakalisi bungozi bokwenzakalisa, amkhulule ngoko nangoko umntu lowo.
Ukuba isicelo asenziwanga kwithuba leeyure ezingama-24, umntu lowo ubanjiweyo kufuneka akhululwe ngoko nangoko.
a amkhangele, ambambe aze ambuyisele umsebenzisi kwiziko lempilo elimiselweyo nelichaphazelekayo; okanye b atshintshele umsebenzisi kwenye indawo ngendlela emiselweyo.
Inkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika kufuneka isivume isicelo.
Xa kucelwa uncedo, iNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika mayaziswe ngomgangatho wobungozi ocingelekayo kwalo msebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo uncediswayo okanye onyanzelisa ukukhathalelwa impilo yengqondo.
Umntu obanjiweyo ngokumalunga necandelwana 4 unokuvalelwa kugcino lwamapolisa elo thuba ngokwexesha elimiselweyo ukulungiselela ukuphumeza ukubuyiselwa okanye ukutshintshwa ngendlela emiselweyo.
Ilungu leeNkonzo zamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika, linokusebenzisa loo miqathango ithintelayo njengoko kunokuba yimfuneko yemeko xa libamba umntu okanye lisenza nawuphi umsebenzi ngokumalunga neli candelo.
Intloko yeSebe likaZwelonke kufuneka ngokuvumelanayo neentloko ezifanelekileyo zamaPhondo, imisele amaziko empilo afanele ukumiselwa, anokuthi abe nokwamkela, akhathalele, anyange kwaye abe neenkonzo zokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo kubaguli bakaRhulumente.
b nakwigosa eliphetheyo kwiziko lovalelo mabanjwa apho isigulane sikaRhulumente simele ukuvalelwa khona.
igosa eliphetheyo kwiziko lovalelo mabanjwa apho isigulane sikaRhulumente sivalelwe khona.
Zingedlulanga iintsuku ezili-14 lakuba lizifumene iinkcukacha zotshintsho, igosa eliphetheyo kwiziko lovalelo mabanjwa malisebenzele ukuba isigulane eso sitshintshelwe kwelo ziko lixeliweyo kweso sigunyaziso.
a phondo apho intloko yeSebe lePhondo inamandla okulawula khona; okanye b Elikwelinye iPhondo ngokuvumelana nentloko zeSebe lePhondo echaphazelekayo.
Utshintsho lunokwenziwa kuphela xa kukho imfuneko yokukhathalela, ukunyanga nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sempilo yomsebenzisi sikaRhulumente.
a Isigulane sikaRhulumente senzakalise okanye singathi singenzakalisa abanye; naxa b Ekufumanekeni kwesicelo esibhalwe phantsi esivela kwiziko lempilo elimiselweyo apho isigulane sikaRhulumente sivalelweyo kuchazwa ngokuphandle izizathu ekusekelwe kuzo isicelo eso.
Yakuba isikhuphile isigunyaziso eso iBhodi yokuHlola mayithumele ikopi yeso sigunyaziso kwintloko yeSebe kaZwelonke.
a imisele iinkonzo zempilo apho isigulane sikaRhulumente kufuneka sitshintshelwe khona; kwaye b iqinisekise okokuba amalungiselelo afunekayoenziwe aneenkonzo ezifanelekileyo zempilo ukuphumeza utshintsho njengoko kuyalelwe.
Intloko yeziko lempilo elimiselweyo ngemvume yomphathi weziko lempilo elinokhuseleko oluluqilima unokuphumeza ukutshintshwa ngexesha ilinde isigqibo seBhodi yokuHlola, ukuba ngaba ukuziphatha kwesigulane sikaRhulumente sikhokhelela okanye sinokukhokhelela kwimo yonxunguphalo.
Umntu onoxanduva lokuphumeza olo tshintsho ngokweli candelo kufuneka ngokubhalwe phantsi azise igosa elingumgcini osemthethweni.
b athi zingekedluli iintsuku ezili-14 ewazisile amaPolisa azise, uMphathi okanye uNobhala weNkundla ofanelekileyo nomgcini osemthethweni wezigulana.
INkonzo YamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika kufuneka ithobelane nesice eso.
Ukuba isigulane sikaRhulumente sicingelwa ukuba sinobungozi, umphathi weziko lempilo kufuneka awazise amaPolisa.
Isigulane sikaRhulumente esibanjiweyo kufuneka sigcinwe eluvalelweni ithuba elimiselweyo ukuphumeza ukubuyiselwa.
Amalungu eNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika avumelekile ukuba asebenzise amalinge onyanzelo njengoko anokuthi afuneke kwaye abe nolwalamano kwimeko leyo xa ebamba nawuphi umntu okanye esenza nawuphi na umsebenzi ngokweli candelo.
Umphathi weziko lempilo elimiselweyo unakho ukuvumela ukuba isigulane sikaRhulumente sifumane ikhefu kwiziko lempilo elimiselweyo, ngokubhalwe phantsi.
a usuku lokuqala kwekhefu kunye nomhla wokubuyela kwesigulane sikaRhulumente kwiziko lempilo elimiselweyo kwaye kufuneka sifakwe kwintloko yesebe likazwelonke; kunye b imiqathango kunye nemfuneko ekufuneka zithotyelwe ngexesha lekhefu.
Intloko yeziko lempilo ingathi ngexesha lekhefu xa inesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba isigulane sikaRhulumente asiyithobeli imiqathango nemfuneko ezinxulumene nekhefu, irhoxise ikhefu kwaye iyalele ukuba kufuneka isigulane sikaRhulumente kufuneka sibuyele ngaliphi na ixesha kwiziko lempilo.
Ukuba isigulane sikaRhulumente asibuyelanga kwiziko lempilo ngomhla obekiweyo wokubuyela, siya kuthatyathwa njengesiqhweshileyo.
Umphathi weziko lempilo elimiselweyo apho isigulane sikaRhulumente samkelwe khona, okanye apho sithathe ikhefu khona, okanye apho sikhululwe khona phantsi kwemiqathango ethile kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba imeko yempilo yengqondo yesigulane eso iyahlolwa emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukususela mhla saqala ukufumana iinkonzo zokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo, ukunyangwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo sempilo yaso kwaye emva kweenyanga ezili-12 emva koko.
b imfaneleko yokunika ikhefu;okanye c ukukhululwa kwesigulane sikaRhulumente.
c kumlawuli jikelele, ukuba ukho oqeshiweyo.
c kufuneka yenze iingcebiso ngokubhalwe phantsi kunye nezizathu ezibhekisa kwintloko yeziko lempilo elimiselweyo ekujoliswe kulo.
g nawuphi na omnye umntu onegunya ngokwasemthethweni lokumela isigulane eso sikaRhulumente.
f ukuba isicelo sifakwa liqabane okanye nabani na okhankanywe ku e imbonakalo yomongo okanye umdla kulemeko okanye imbonakalo yokuphikisana komdla ukuba kukhona; kwaye g nazo zonke iinkcukacha zesigulana eziphathelele kwesi sicelo ezigcinwe ngumfaki sicelo.
UNobhala weNkundla ePhakamileyo kufuneka afake ikopi yesicelo kumgcini wesigulane osemthethweni, apho umfaki sicelo angenguye umgcini wesigulane osemthethweni.
kwabasebenzi ngempilo yengqondo ababini omnye wabo abengugqrirha abe ngugqirha wezigulana zengqondo.
c kubobakaliswe ukuba besikhe safakwa na isicelo sokukhululwa kwisithuba senyanga ezingama-12 ezingaphambi koku kunye nesimo sesosicelo, kunye d kwenziwe nengcebiso sokuba ingaba esisicelo kufaneleke siphunyezwe na kunye nezizathu ezisisiseko soko.
c ahlawulwe liSebe likaZwelonke elijongene nezobulungisa nophuhliso lomgaqo-siseko ngokwemiqathango yamanqwanqwa entlawulo nezibonelelo ezimiselwe umsebenzi ololu hlobo, njengoko zimiselwe nguMphathiswa owongamele ezobulungisa nophuhliso lomgaqo-siseko.
d masikhululwe phantsi kwemiqathango ethile.
Ngokwenjongo zeli candelo "igosa lomthetho" lithetha igqwetha okanye igqwetha lejaji elinelungelo lokuvela kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo.
Apho kuthe isigulane sikaRhulumente sakhululwa phantsi kwemiqathango ethile njengoko kuchaziwe kumhlathi 47 (d), eso sigunyaziso masiyibeke elubala imiqathango leyo nexesha elibandakanyekayo.
a yenze ukuba inkqubela kwimpilo yesigulane sikaRhulumente ibekwe esweni lelo ziko lempilo; okanye b yenze amalungiselelo nelinye iziko lempilo ukuba libeke esweni isigulane sikaRhulumente, ukuba imiqathango yokukhululwa inyanzelisa ukuba isigulane sikaRhulumente siye kwiziko elo lempilo ukuze sifumane iinkonzo zenkathalelo, unyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwisimo sesiqhelo.
b rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukusuka kumhla wokunikwa komyalelo wokukhululwa phantsi kwemiqathango; kwaye c nasekupheleni kwexesha lemiqathango yokukhululwa kwesigulane sikaRhulumente.
a isikhulule ngoko nangoko ngaphandle kwemiqathango isigulane sikaRhulumente; kwaye b ngokubhalwe phantsi, yazise isigulane sikaRhulumente, uNobhala ochaphazelekayo nomgcini wesigulana osemthethweni.
a Isigulane sikaRhulumente asiyithobelanga ngokupheleleyo imiqathango nemfuneko zokukhululwa ezinxulumene nokukhululwa kwaso; okanye b imeko yempilo yengqondo yesigulane sikaRhulumente ibuyele umva, uintloko yeziko lempilo ingafaka isicelo kuNobhala weNkundla Ephakamileyo sokuba kugunyaziswe ukuhlonyelwa kwemiqathango okanye ukurhoxiswa kokukhululwa phantsi kwemiqathango, athumele ikopi yeso sicelo kumgcini wezigulana osemthethweni.
c Isizathu zohlaziyo okanye ukurhoxiswa kokukhululwa phantsi kwemiqathango.
Intloko yesebe kazwelonke kufuneka ngokuvumelana neentloko zamasebe amaphondo, imisele amaziko empilo okunika inkonzo yokwamkela, akhathalele, anyange, abuyisele kwisimo sesiqhelo amabanjwa agula ngengqondo.
i ugqirha wezigulo jikelele; kunye ii igosa eliqeqeshelwe ukujongana nenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo.
b uyilo lwenkathalelo, unyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwisimo sesiqhelo sebanjwa elo.
Ukuba umntu owenze uphando oluxelwa kwicandelo 50 ufumanise okokuba isigulo sengqondo sebanjwa elibanjiweyo, likuhlobo lokuba ibanjwa ekuthethwa ngalo kufuneka likhathalelwe ngokufanelekileyo linyangwe, kwaye libuyiselwe kwisimo sesiqhelo sempilo kwalapho entolongweni, umphathi wentolongo kufuneka athathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo nakumgangatho owamkelekileyo ukuze elo banjwa lifumane ukukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa nokuphuculwa kwesimo sempilo yalo.
Ukuba umntu owenza uphando ekuthethwa ngalo phaya kwicandelo lama-50 ufumanisa ukuba isimo sengqondo yebanjwa sikwimeko yokuba sikahthalelwe, sinyangelwe kwiziko lempilo elimiselwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelo lwama-49, intloko yentolongo kufuneka icele ukuba uMantyi agunyazise olunye uphando ngesimo sempilo yebanjwa nokuba kufanelekile na ukuba atshintshelwe kwiziko lempilo elimiselwe ngokwemigaqo yecandeli lama-49.
UMantyi kufuneka agunyazise amagosa ajongene nempilo amabini ekukho kuwo elingugqirha wezigulo zengqondo, igosa eliqeqeshelwe ukuphonononga isimo sengqondo okanye ugqirha jikelele onoqeqesho lobungcali olubhekiselele kwizigulo zengqondo ukuba ajonge impilo yengqondo yebanjwa. La magosa makacebise ukuba ingaba kufanelekile na ukuba ibanjwa elo litshintshelwe kwiziko lempilo elimiselwe ngokwemigaqo wecandelo lama-49.
a ibanjwa maliye kukhathalelwa, linyangwe, kwaye libuyiselwe kwisimo seseqhelo sempilo kwiziko lempilo elimiselwe ngokwecandelo lama-49, uMantyi makakhuphe isigunyaziso esibhaliweyo axelele umphathi wentolongo ukuba makatshintshele ibanjwa kwiziko lempilo, alandele imigaqo yenkqubo edweliswe kwicandelo lama-54; okanye b ibanjwa akufuneki likhathlelwe kwaye linyangelwe kwiziko lempilo elimiselwe ngokwecandelo lama-49, koko linokukhathalelwa kwaye linyangelwe apho entolongweni apho afumana ugcino khona, uMantyi makakhuphe isigunyaziso esibhalwe phantsi kwintloko yentolongo ukuba ithathe amanyathelo afunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba imigangatho yenkathalelo kunye nokunyangwa kwibanjwa elinxulumene noko iya nikwa.
b nakwintloko yeSebe kaZwelonke, eso sigunyaziso sihambe nesicelo sokuba ibanjwa ekuthethwa ngalo lamkelwe kwelo ziko limiselwe ngokwecandelo lama-49.
b iqinisekise ukuba amalungiselelo otshintsho ayenziwa ukuze umbanjwa afakwe kwiziko lempilo elimiselwe ngokwecandelo lama-49; aze c azise ngokubhalwe phantsi umphathi wentolongo nomlawuli, ukuba ukho oqeshiweyo, ngeenkcukacha zolo tshintsho.
a ithatyathwa bgokuba inelungelo ngokusemthethweni lokugcina ibanjwa ekulamkelweni kwakhe, kwakhona b unoxanduva logcino olukhuselekileyo lwebanjwa elo.
Intloko yeSebe likaZwelonke inganakho ukuyalela amaxesha ngamaxesha ukutshintshwa kwamabanjwa agula ngengqondo ukusuka kwiziko kwiaziko lempilo elimiselwe ngokwecandlo-49 ukuya kwelinye xa kukho imfuneko malunga nenkathalelo, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo.
b kufunyanwe isicelo esibhaliweyo sivela kwintloko yeziko lempilo apho ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo ligcinwe khona, lichaza iinkcukacha ezibanga ukuba licele utshintsho.
IBhodi yokuHlola kufuneka ithumele ikopi yeso sigunyaziso kwintloko yeSebe kaZwelonke.
a ithathe isigqibo malunga neziko lempilo emakuthunyelwe kulo ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo; ize b iqinisekise ukuba amalungiselelo afanelekileyo ayenziwa kunye neziko elifanelekileyo ukuze kuphunyezwe utshintsho.
Intloko yeziko lempilo eligcinwe kulo ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo xa ifumana isivumelwano sentloko yeziko lempilo elinokhuseleko oluluqilima, inako ukutshintshela khona apho ibanjwa lo gama kusalindwe isigqibo seBhodi yokuHlola xa ngaba isimilo sombanjwa sinokudala okanye sidala imeko yonxunguphalo.
kuthathwa ngokuba uqala ukuba nelungelo ngokusemthethweni lokugcina ibanjwa ekulamkeleni kwakhe kuphela; kwakhona ii ukusukela apho uxanduva lokhuseleko lwebanjwa elo luba semagxeni akhe.
Umphathi weziko lempilo apho ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo ligcinwe khona kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba imeko yempilo yengqondo yomsebenzisi eso iza kuhlaziywa ngazo zonke iinyanga ezintandathu ukususela mhla saqala ukufumana unyango nokuphuculwa kwesimo sempilo yaso kwelo ziko.
nokubonisa ubulumko bokubuyisela ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo kwelo ziko lalivela kulo kuqala.
d nakwintloko yentolongo echaphazelekayo.
nokubuyisela ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo kuloo ntolongo lalivela kuyo kuqala.
sithumele isaziso esibhaliweyo esineziphakamiso nezizathu zazo, kwibanjwa eligula ngengqondo, kumlawuli jikelele, ukuba ukho oqeshiweyo, kwintloko yeSebe kaZwelonke nakuMantyi ochaphazelekayo.
b azise umphathi wentolongo ukuba ibanjwa lilungele ukukhululwa kwiziko lempilo ngoko ke amagosa entolongo makalilande; aze c abhalele uMantyi ofanelekileyo amazise naye.
a ngoko nangoko abhalele iNkonzo YamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika acele ukuba basifumane umsebenzisi eso, basibambe basibuyisele kwelo ziko lempilo sibaleke kulo; aze b athi zingekedluli iintsuku ezili-14 ewazisile amaPolisa aphinde abhalele, echazela uNobhala weNkundla efanelekileyo nomgcini osemthethweni wezigulana.
INkonzo YamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika kufuneka yenze njengoko icelwa.
Ukuba ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo uthathwa njengonobungozi, umphathi weziko lempilo kufuneka awaxelele amaPolisa.
Ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo othe wabanjwa kufuneka agcinwe eluvalelweni ithuba elimiselweyo phambi kokubuyiselwa kwiziko lempilo.
Ilungu leNkonzo YamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika linokusebenzisa amalinge afanelekileyo ekuthinteleni ukuphazanyiswa komsebenzi wawo xa ebamba umsebenzisi esibalekileyo njengoko kuchazwa kweli candelo.
Lakufika ixesha lokukhululwa kwakhe entolongweni okanye kwiziko lempilo elimiselwe ngokomhlathi wama-49, ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo kufuneka likhululwe ngokuhambelana nemahlathana no.
Kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-30 phambi kokukhululwa kwebanjwa, kungenziwa isicelo kuMantyi apho kucelwa ukuba ahlale eluvalelweni kwiziko lempilo ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo kude kwamkeleke isicelo esenziwe ngokwale ndlela ilapha ku2 ngentla.
a isicelo esifakwe ngokwemimiselo yomhlathi wama-60; okanye b emva kokuba iNkundla Ephakamileyo ikhuphe isigunyaziso kwakuba bekukho isibheno okanye uphando njengoko kuxelwa kwicandelo wama-60 okanye 61 ngokulandelelana kwawo, apho kubekwa ukuba umntu lowo akanakho ukuqhuba imicimbi yakhe engakwazi nokulawula izinto anazo ngoko ke kufuneka kutyunjwe umlawuli.
Umlawuli wezinto zomntu ogula ngengqondo okanye onengqondo ebuthathaka kakhulu unokutyunjwa kuphela xa imiqathango ebekwe kwicandelo wama-60 okanye 61 ilandelwe kakuhle.
Nabani na oneminyaka engaphezulu kwe-18 angasifaka isicelo kuMlawuli-mafa owongameli weNkundla Ephakamileyo ecela ukuba kutyunjwe umlawuli womntu ogula ngengqondo okanye onengqondo ebuthathaka kakhulu.
f sinike iinkukacha zabantu abanokucacisa abo ngaphezulu ngesimo sengqondo yaloo mntu nalapho banokufumaneka khona.
Umfaki wesicelo makabonise ubungqina bokuba umnikile ikopi yesicelo lo mntu kuthiwa ugula ngengqondo.
i uqikelelo lwexabiso lwezinto anazo lubonisa ukuba lingaphantsi kwixabiso elisisimiselo; kwaye ii wanelisekile ukuba ukhona umhlaba wokutyumba umlawuli.
b kukho ezinye iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ukuxhasa isicelo; okanye c ixabiso lezinto anazo liqikelelwa ukuba lingaphezulu kwesixa esingummiselo.
nokuphanda ngemeko yezimali zaloo mntu; ukuze c afake ingxelo yophando lwakhe kuMlawuli-mafa weNkundla Ephakamileyo.
Uphando kufuneka lugqitywe kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-60 luqaliwe, ukuba kunzima ukulugqiba uMlawuli-mafa weNkundla Ephakamileyo makanike imvume yokolula elo xesha.
b ale ukutyumba umlawuli; okanye c awudlulisele lo mcimbi ukuze uphononongwe yiJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo kumagumbi ayo.
Umlawuli-mafa kufuneka ambhalele umntu ogula ngengqondo amazise ngezigqibo zakhe nezizathu zazo.
Umfaki sicelo okanye umntu ogula ngengqondo uvumelekile ukuba abhene zingekedluli iintsuku ezingama-30, loo nto eyenza ngokuqala abhale isaziso sokubhena asithumele kwiJaji yeNkundla Ephakamileyo kumagumbi ayo, athumele nekopi kuMlawuli-mafai ebeka imihlaba yeso sibheno.
e yesaziso senjongo yokubhena, ukuba sikho.
c ithumele isaziso esibhaliweyo kuMlawuli-mafa weNkundla ePhakamileyo, intloko yeSebe lePhondo nabantu abadweliswe kua apha ngentla.
UMlawuli-mafa kufuneka athi zingekedluli iintsuku ezingama-60 echazelwe ngeziphakamiso zeJaji yeNkundla ePhakamileyo kumagumbi ayo, enze ukuba kuqaliswe uphando lokufumana umlawuli ofanelekileyo ukuze atyunjelwe loo mntu ugula ngengqondo.
a ziphume kwilifa lalo mntu ugula ngengqondo kanti ukuba uMlawuli-mafa weNkundla ePhakamileyo ucinga ukuba isicelo sibubuvuvu obucaphukisayo zakuphuma kumfaki sicelo; kwaye b ziya kubalwa nguMlawuli-mafa'emva kokucebisana kunye nomntu oqhuba uphando.
Ukuba iNKundla Ephakamileyo ithe ngeli xesha iqhuba uphando ngkwaloMthetho okanye iqhuba inkqubo zasemthethweni, yanesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba umntu ekuphandwa ngaye okanye inkqubo yomthetho iqhutywayo ngaye akanakukwazi ukulawula izinto anazo, iNkundla ePhakamileyo inokuthi njengenxalenye njengenxalenye yophando okanye yenkqubo yomthetho, iqale uphando ngesimo sengqondo saloo mntu okanye ukukwazi kwakhe ukulawula izinto anazo.
INkundla Ephakamileyo inakho ukuthi ngeli xesha iqhuba uphando ifune ubungqina obungaphaya nakubani na ongqalene noku kungayimfuneko ngenjongo zokuqinisekisa isimo sempilo yengqondo yalo mntu ekumalunga naye kunye nesakhono anaso sokulawula izinto zakhe.
b ngokubhalwe phantsi yazise loo mntu kunye noMlawuli-mafa weNkundla Ephakamileyo ngokufunyanisiweyo nangeziphakamiso nezizathu zoko.
kwenziwe ilinge lokufumana umntu ofanelekileyo ukuchongwa njengomlawuli walowo uchaphazelekayo; ukuze b kutyunjwe umlawuli ukuba ixabiso elithelekelelwayo kunye nengeniso yanyaka yomntu ovhaphazelekayo ingaphantsi kwesixa esimiselweyo.
b zibalwe nguMlawuli-mafa emva kokucebisana nalowo uqhuba uphando.
Ukutyunjwa komawuli kuqala kumhla apho uMlawuli-mafa weNkundla Ephakamileyo etyikitya isaziso esisemthethweni solo tyumbo.
umlawuli kufuneka athi kwisithuba phambi kokuba uMlawuli-mafa weNkundla ePhakamileyo atyikitye isaziso esisemthethweni sokutyunjwa anikezele ngesiqinisekiso sokubambisa kuMlawuli-mafa weNkundla ePhakamileyo, siqinisekiso eso sisisixa esiqingqwa nguMlawuli-mafa.
okanye ayeke ukusibiza esi siqinisekiso.
tyumba umlawuli obambiseneyo ukuze zonke izenzo eziphathelele kwilifa lalowo uchaphazelekayo kufuneka zenziwe ngesivumelwano sabo bobabini abalawuli.
b aphathe nayiphina micimbi okanye izithembiso zalo mntu phantsi kwayo nayiphina eminye imithetho.
kokuba intengo okanye uzikufumana kubhalwe phantsi kwagunyaziswa ngokwasemthethweni nguloo mntu phambi kokuba umlawuli atyunjwe.
c ngumntu obefake isicelo sokutyunjwa komlawuli emalunga noko.
uqikelelo lwexabiso lezinto anazo loo mntu ngeli xesha kufakwa esi sicelo.
c asibhekise kwiJaji yeNkundla ePhakamileyo kumagumbi ayo.
Ukuba uMlawuli-mafa usiphelisile okanye usilandule esi sicelo kufuneka ambhalele obefake isicelo amnike nezizathu zokusilandula eso sicelo.
c anike uMlawuli-mafa ikopi yesi saziso.
d isaziso sesibheno, kwimeko yesibheno.
c yazise ngokubhalwe phantsi umbheni, umlawuli, intloko yeziko lempilo, nentloko yeSebe lePhondo elichaphazelekayo ngezigqibo zayo nezizathu.
Ukongeza kwesi Sahluko kukho ezinye izibonelelo ezikwimihlathi yama-75, 78, 79, 83, 84, nama-85 zoMthetho Wokulawulwa Kwamafa we-1965 (Umthetho Nomb. 66 ka-1965), ezinotshintsho olufunekayo ziya sebenza kuye nawuphi na umlawuli ochongelwe ngokumalunga nomntu ogula ngengqondo.
s nawo nawuphi na umcimbi ofunekayo okanye noyimfuneko ukuzalisekisa iinjongo zalo Mthetho.
Nangaliphina ithuba phambi kokuba ikhutshwe imimiselo, iingxoxo kunye nengcebiswano nabantu abanomdla zingaqhutywa nalo naliphina iqela elinomdla.
b ukulungiswa kweempazamo zokubhala.
Nawuphi na ummiselo ochaphazela ingxowa kaZwelonke okanye inkcitho kufuneka wenziwe emva kokuvisisana noMphathiswa ophethe ezemali.
Nawuphi na ummiselo ochaphazela iNkonzo yamaPolisa oMzantsi Afrika kufuneka wenziwe ngokukokuvisisana noMphathiswa owongamele ezokhuselo nokhuseleko.
Nawuphi na ummiselo ochaphazela umicimbi yemfundo kufuneka wenziwe ngokuvisisana noMphathiswa owongamele ezeMfundo.
Nawuphi na ummiselo ochaphazela miqathango neemfuneko zokuqeshwa komntu liSebe likaZwelonke, iSebe lePhondo, iqumrhu elelawula impilo kwisithili, kanti nawuphi na umgaqo odibene nemicimbi yokulawulwa kobudlelwane bengqesho kufuneka wenziwe ngokuvisisana noMphathiswa owongamele ezeNkonzo zoLuntu kunye noLawulo.
Nawuphi na ummiselo ochaphazela ukutyunjwa komlawuli kwakunye nezixa eziqingqiweyo zokuqeshwa koMlawuli-mafa weNkundla Ephakamileyo njengomlawuli, neemiqathango yalo ngqesho, kufuneka wenziwe ngokuvisisana noMphathiswa owongamele ezoBulungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko.
a amisele, ajike okanye arhoxise umqathango othile komnye kummiselo; okanye b agunyazise, ajike okanye arhoxise isaphulelo esikhoyo kummiselo.
UMphathiswa akanakho ukujika okanye ukurhoxisa umqathango okanye isaphulelo esenziwe phantsi kwalo Mthetho ngaphandle kokuba umntu okanye iziko elichaphazelekayo linikwe ithuba lokuhlomla ngaloo mba.
Nawuphina umntu ofunyenwe enetyala phantsi kwalo Mthetho ujongene ujungene nesohlwayo sokudliwa imali okanye ukuvalelwa ixesha elingadluliyo kwiinyanga ezintandathu okanye kuzo zombini isohlwayo sokudliwa imali okanye ukuvalelwa.
UMphathiswa unakho ukumisela ikomiti ecebisayo okanye eyobuchule ngenjongo yokuphumeza iinjongo zalo Mthetho.
c nezinye izinto ezingqamane noku.
i nakubani na oqeshwe nguRhulumente; okanye ii kwiBhodi okanye iqumrhu elisekwe phantsi kwalo Mthetho, ngaphandle kwamagunya ekuthethwa ngawo kwicandelo lama-66.
b Ilungu elichaphazelekayo lesiGqeba esiLawulayo linakho ukuthi ngokubhalwe phantsi lidlulisele naliphina igunya elilinikwe nguloMthetho okanye uMphathiswa kuye nawuphina umntu okanye iqumrhu elikhankanywe kumhlathi a.
Umntu okanye iqurhu ekudluliselwe kulo amagunya angawasebenzisa ngokungaphantsi kwezokhokhelo zoMphathiswa okanye ilingu lesiGqeba esiLawulayo.
a lirhoxise ukudluliselwa kwamagunya okwenziwe phantsi kwecandelwana 1; okanye b lirhoxise, okanye lihlomele nasiphina isigqibo esenziwe xa bekudluliselwa loo magunya.
Isigqibo esenziwe ngokwamagunya adluliselweyo ngaphandle kokuba sirhoxisiwe okanye sihlonyelwe sithathwa ngokuba senziwe nguMphathiswa okanye ilungu lesiGqeba esiLawulayo elichaphazelekayoi, njengoko kunjalo.
Naliphi na ilungelo okanye isibonelelo esinikezelweyo okanye naluphi na uxanduva okanye indleko edaleke ngenxa yesigqibo esenziwe ngokwamagunya adluliselweyo achazwa kwicandelwana 1 akanakuchaphazeleka xa sesirhoxisiwe okanye sihlonyelwe eso sigqibo.
Isebe likazwelonke okanye isebe lephondo lingangena kwisigqibo nalo naliphina iqumrhu elingelolasebuRhulumenteni okanye nabo nabaphi na abanikezela beenkonzo babucala okanye bakawonke-wonke ngenjongo zokusebenzisa amagunya, nokwenza imisebenzi noxanduva phantsi kwalo Mthetho.
Imithetho ethiwe thaca kumqolo wokuqala nowesibini kwiShedyuli iyarhoxiswa ukuya kuthi ga koko kudweliswe kumqolo wesithathu weshedyuli.
Ukurhoxiswa oku akuwachaphazeli amalungiselelo ethutyana achazwe kwicandelo lama-74.
Amalungiselelo ethutyana akweli candelo makafundwe athathwe njengezibonelelo ezimele lo Mthetho.
a ngaphandle kokuba iyaphikisana nalo Mthetho; okanye b ide ibe ibekwe ecaleni okanye irhoxisiwe.
Nayiphi na inkqubo emiliselwe okanye inkqubo eyenziwa ngokwemithetho erhoxisiweyo ngulo Mthetho mayiqhutywe ngokungathi lo Mthetho awukhange umiselwe.
Nawuphi na umntu obethathwa njengokuba uyazithandela ukufumana unyango ngokwemithetho erhoxisiweyo, makathi xa kuqala lo Mthetho alungiselelwe ngokwemigaqo yecandelo lama-25.
a Umntu othathwa njengesigulana esizithandelayo ngumthetho orhoxisiweyo, kulo Mthetho uthathwa njengomsebenzisi wenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo oncediswayo, kwaye ngenjongo zecandelo 30 kufuneka ahlolwe kwinyanga ezintandathu.
b Uhlolo olwenziwe kwinyanga ezintandathu phambi kokuqala kwalo Mthetho luthathwa ngokungathi luhlolo lwenyanga ezintandathu phantsi kwecandelo 30.
a Umntu obenikwe umyalelo wokuvalelwa phantsi kwemithetho erhoxisiweyo ngulo Mthetho, uza kuthi xa kuqala kwalo Mthetho athathwe njengesebenzisi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo ongazikhethelanga ukuze ngenjongo zecandelo lama-37 kufuneka ahlolwe kwinyanga ezintandathu.
b Uhlolo olweinziwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu phambi kokuqala kwalo Mthetho luthathwa ngokungathi luhlolo lwenyanga ezintandathu ngokwecandelo 37.
a Nawuphina umntu othe ngemithetho erhoxiswe nguloMthetho wathathwa wathathwa njengesigulana sikaRhulumente okanye ibanjwa eligula ngengqondo, kufuneka xa kuqala lo Mthetho lilungiselelwe ngokweSahluko VI nese VII, ngokulandelelana kwaye ngenjongo zamacandelo 46 kunye nama-55 ngokulandelelana, bahlolwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
b Uhlolo olwenziwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu phambi kokuqala kwalo Mthetho luthathwa ngokungathi luhlolo lwenyanga ezintandathu ngokwamacandelo 46 kunye nama-55 ngokulandelelana.
Nasiphi na isiqinisekiso esikhutshwe phantsi kwecandelo lama-43 okanye lama-44 omthetho orhoxiswa ngulo Mthetho sisenamandla kwaye siyasebenza kodwa uhlala kwesisiqinisekiso asayi kwandiswa ngaphaya komhla wokuphelelwa kwaso.
Lo Mthetho ubizwa ngokuba nguMthetho weNkathalelo yeMpilo yeNgqondo ka-2002, kwaye uya kuqala ukusebenza ngosuku oluya kubekwa nguMongameli ngesaziso esiya kubhengezwa kwiGazette.
Lo "mthetho uyilwayo" ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo zenkathalelo zempilo yengqondo, ezonyango nezokulungisa isimo sempilo zenziwe zabanokufumaneka kubantu abaneengxaki zokugula ngengqondo, ngokulandela iindlela zempilo eziqhelekileyo.
Lo mthetho oyilwayo ukhuthaza kwaye ukhusela amalungelo abantu abaphazamiseke ingqondo uze uwalungelelanise la malungelo nalawo oluntu kwiimeko apho amalungelo abo anokuphazanyiswa ngumntu ophazamiseke ingqondo.
Lo Mthetho uya kurhoxisa uMthetho wezeMpilo yeNgqondo, wowe-1973 othathwa ngokubanzi ngokuba ushiywe lixesha kwaye, ngelinye icala awuhambisani noMgaqo-siseko. Umthetho oyilwayo ujonge kuphela iimeko zokonga impilo yengqondo kwaye ngoku ibizwa ngokuba nguMthetho weNkathalelo kweMpilo yeNgqondo ngokuphikisana nalo ukhoyo uMthetho weMpilo yeNgqondo othathwa ngokuba uthiywe ngendlela engachanekanga.
Iinjongo zomthetho oyilwayo zixelwe kwicandelo 3.
d ukulawula indlela izinto ezizezezabo bagula ngengqondo nabagula ngengqondo kakhulu ezinokulawulwa ngayo yinkundla yomthetho.
Isahluko 1 sibonelela ngeenkcazo-zamagama.
Isahluko II siphethe izibonelelo ezingundoqo. Esi sahluko sicacisa indima kaRhulumente ekunikezeni ngeenkonzo zempilo yengqondo. Sibonelela ngokuba nokufikelelwa okukhulu kunye nokuhlanganiswa kweenkonzo zempilo yengqondo kumanqanaba ahlukehlukeneyo okubonelelwa ngezempilo kunokuba kunjalo ngoku.
Isahluko III siquka amalungelo nemisebenzi ephathelene nempilo yengqondo.
j Ulwazi lwamalungelo ngokupheleleyo.
Isahluko IV sibonelela ngokusekwa kweeBhodi zokuHlola iMpilo yeNgqondo.
Lo mthetho uyilwayo ubonelela ngokusekwa kweeBhodi zokuHlola iMpilo yeNgqondo kumaphondo ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamalungelo abantu abafakwa kwinkathalelo, unyango kunye nokubuyiselwa kwesimpo sesiqhelo ngaphandle kwemvume yabo.
Isahluko V simalunga nokukhathalelwa kwempilo yengqondo ngokuzithandela, ukuncediswa nokungazikhetheli.
a Esi sahluko silawula indlela egunyazisa ukukhathalelwa, ukunyangwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo sesiqhelo.
b Kulo Mthetho uyilwayo, izigulana ezizikhethela ukunyangwa zibonwa kwaye ziphathwa ngokufanayo nabanye abantu abanezinye ingxaki zempilo.
c Kubekwa imigaqo yokungenisa kunyango nokunyangwa kwabantu abangakwaziyo ukuzithathela isigqibo ngenxa yokugula ngengqondo okanye ukusilela kwengqondo ezincediswayo. Oku kubandakanya ukwenziwa kwezicelo, ukuxilongwa komntu ngabasebenzi abakhathalela impilo yengqondo nokuhlolwa nokuzalisekiswa yiBhodi yokuHlola. Inkqubo yezibheno nokunika iingxelo ngamathuba athile nazo ziyabekwa.
d Ngokuphathelele nokukhathalelwa nokunyangwa okunyanzelekileyo kumiselwe iindlela ezikwafana nezo zisebenza kwizigulana "ezincediswayo". Ngaphezu koku, kubonelelwa nangovavanyo olwenziwa ngethuba leeyure ezingama72 olunokunceda umsebenzisi achache kwisigulo ngaphambi kokuba abotshelelwe kwisibhedlele sengqondo. Isigqibo seBhodi yokuHlola sithunyelwa kwiJaji ukuba iphinde isiqwalasele ngokungaphaya.
e Esi sahluko sikwathetha ngendawo zokhuseleko oluluqilima ezithi maxa wambi zifuneke kubantu abagula ngengqondo.
Esi sahluko simalunga nabantu abamiswe yinkundla njengabantu abangekho kwisimo sokumela ityala. Kubekwa imiqathango yokutshintsha umguli ukusuka kwiziko lokugcinwa, ukucela ikhefu, iingxelo ngamaxesha athile ukuya kwinkqubo zokukhululwa.
Isahluko VII sithetha ngamabanjwa agula ngengqondo.
Ukuba ibanjwa lithi ligule ngengqondo kangangokuba kufuneke litshintshelwe kwisibhedlele sabagula ngengqondo, oku kungenziwa emva kokulandela iinkqubo ezininzi. Ukubuyiselwa entolongweni okanye ukukhululwa emva kokuphela kwexesha lesigwebo nazo kuthethiwe ngazo.
Isahluko VIII sibonelela ngokhathalelwa nokulawulwa kwezinto zomntu ogula ngengqondo okanye umntu onokusilela okukhulu kwengqondo. Kubonelelwa nangomawuli ekufuneka atyunjwe ukuba alawule kwaye aphathe izinto ezizezomntu ogula ngengqondo xa kukho imfuneko yoku.
d ukunikwa imali kwimibutho engasiyiyo ekarhulumente; kunye e nokunikwa amaphepha-mvume kwindawo.
Esi sahluko sinika nenkqubo enokulandelwa xa kuphunyezwa imimiselo.
Isahluko X sithetha ngezibonelelo jikelele.
Esi sahluko simalunga nolwaphulo-mthetho nezohlwayo; ukusekwa kweekomiti zobuchule; ukunikwa nokwabiwa kwamagunya; imithetho erhoxiswayo namalungiselelo okutshintsha.
a Ukuguqulwa kwesihloko soMthetho.
b Ukongezelelwa kwesahluko esimalunga namalungelo ezigulana. Esi sahluko sibaluleke kakhulu nanjengoko abantu abagula ngengqondo besacalucalulwa kwaye bengakhuselwa ngokwaneleyo ngumthetho.
c Ukufakelwa kodidi lo "msebenzi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo". Oku kuya kuvumela ukufikeleleka okukhulu kwiinkonzo ezininzi zempilo yabagula ngengqondo. Iya kuqinisekisa kanjalo ukuba imisebenzi yempilo yengqondo iqhutywa ngabantu abanakho kwaye abakufundeleyo oko.
d Kongezelelwe "iBhodi yokuHlola iMpilo yeNgqondo". Oku kuya kukhusela izigulana ekubeni zingafane nje zibeselugcinweni ngaphandle kwesizathu. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuyashenxwa kwisiqinisekiso sikamantyi esithi sisetyenziswa ngaphandle kokuphikiswa ngumantyi kuyiwa kwiBhodi ebandakanya umntu wasemthethweni onokuba ngumantyi, umsebenzi wenkathalelo yempilo yengqondo nommi wasekuhlaleni.
e Kusungulwa uvavanyo lweeyure ezingama 72 phambi kokwamkelwa kwisibhedlele sengqondo okunyanzelekileyo. Oku kongezelelwe njengoko abanye bantu bethi baphile ngeli thuba kwaye le nkqubo ingazithintela iingxaki ezininzi incede kulawulo olunxulumene neziqinisekiso. Oku kukwanceda kwisigulane esinyangwayo.
f Ukwenza mfutshane ithuba lokuhlola abagula ngengqondo abanyanzelekileyo kunyango, abancediswayo, izigulana zikaRhulumente namabanjwa.
g Amacandelo amaninzi alo Mthetho usebenzayo ashiyiwe. Umzekelo, icandelo elithintela ukwenza iingxelo ngeemeko zamaziko abagula ngengqondo nendlela yokusebenza nezigulana ezisuka kwamanye amazwe. IiBhodi zeziBhedlele zisusiwe ukuthintela uphindaphindo lwezindululo zomthetho oyilwayo yezeMpilo. Amalungiselelo axa kutshintsha izinto enziwe de lifike elo xesha lokuphunyezwa koMthetho oyilwayo weMpilo omtsha.
Kuya kubakho iindleko ngenxa yokusekwa nokusebenza kweBhodi yokuHlola iMpilo yeNgqondo. Nakuba kunjalo, xa kujongwa uqoqosho mali olunokubakho (kuxhomekeke kuqikelelo lweentsuku zokubasesibhedlele ekufuneka zongiwe ngenxa yokuqaliswa kweBhodi) kubonkala ukuba emva kwethuba kungakho uqoqosho mali olwenzekayo ngenxa yokuqalisa leBhodi.
UMthetho oyilwayo ubonelela ilungelo lokumelwa kwabasebenzisi benkathalelo yempilo yengqondo, kubandakanywa ukufumana ukumelwa ngokwasemthethweni. Izigulana ezihluphekayo kufuneka zincediswe ngokumalunga noMthetho woNcedo loMthetho. Ekuthetheni neBhodi yoNcedo loMthetho ithe ngaphandle kokuba kongezwe izimali ezabelwe le njongo, ayinakho ukunceda. Kunzima kakhulu ukuqikelela iindleko ezinokubakho njengoko kungacacanga ukuba ingaba eli lungelo linokusetyenziswa kanjani na.
a AmaSebe kaRhulumnete kubandakanywa iiNkonzo zoLuleko; Ezobulungisa/Iofisi kaMlawuli-mafa/Ulawulo loTshutshiso Loluntu; iNkonzo yamaPolisa aseMzantsi Afrika; uPhuhliso lweNtlalontle; Inkonzo kaZwelonke noLawulo; EzeMfundo; ezoThutho.
b Onke amaSebe ezeMpilo amaphondo namagunya aliqela afumaneka kwiphondo.
c IOfisi yeMeko yaBantu abaKhubazekileyo.
d IKhomishini yamaLungelo oLuntu yoMzantsi Afrika.
e IBhodi yoNcedo loMthetho.
f Ikhomishini yoMthetho yoMzantsi Afrika.
g Onke amaSebe ezeMpilo yokuGula kweNgqondo, ukulolongwa kwengqondo nawaBongikazi asebenza nabaGula ngeNgqondo akwiiyunivesithi.
h Uthungelwano lweNkathalelo yeMpilo esisiseko yeSizwe.
i INdibano yooGqirha beziGulo zeNgqondo yoMzantsi Afrika.
j IMbumba yeMpilo yeNgqondo yoMzantsi Afrika.
k IKhomishini yamaLungelo abeMi boMzantsi Afrika.
m Indibano yezeNgqondo yoMzantsi Afrika.
n IiNkonzo eziZodwa zeMpilo zokoKhathalela uBomi.
INdibano yeDemokrasi yaBongikazi boMzantsi Afrika.
p Abantu abahluka-hlukeneyo, kubandakanywa abasebenzisi beenkonzo zesigulo sengqondo.
AbaCebisi boMthetho bakaRhulumente neSebe lezeMpilo bacinga ukuba uMthetho oyilwayo kufuneka usetyenzwe ngokuphathelele kwinkqubo emiselwe kwicandelo 76 loMgaqo-siseko njengoko uMthetho oyilwayo uwela phantsi kwemisebenzi edweliswe kwiShedyuli 4 yoMgaqo-siseko, oko kuthi "iiNkonzo zeMpilo".
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UMTHETHO OYILWAYO WOKHATHALELO LWEMPILO YENGQONDO.txt</fn>
Kwiphepha le-11, kumgca wesi-7, emva kwe-"19" ukufakwa kwesi-".
Kwiphepha le-11, kumgca wama-23, emva "kwabantu" ukufakwa kuka "abangabemi boMzantsi Afrika".
Kwiphepha le-12, kumgca we-19, ukushiywa "komhlathi (a)" endaweni yakhe ibe "licandelwana ".
Kwiphepha lama-24, kumgca wesi-6, ukushiywa kuka "ukucela uMphathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo ebandakanyekayo ukuba".
Ngokwenjongo zeli candelo "igosa lomthetho" lithetha igqwetha okanye igqwetha lejaji elinelungelo lokuvela kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo.
Kwiphepha lama-31, kumgca wama-44 kunye nama-45, ukushiywa "komhlathi (b)".
Kwiphepha lama-32, kumgca wama-41, ukushiywa kuka "abantwana okanye abantwana" endaweni yakhe ibe "ngumntu okanye umntu".
isohlwayo okanye ukuvalelwa ixesha elingadluliyo kwiinyanga ezintandathu okanye kuzo zombini isohlwayo esinjalo okanye ukuvalelwa okunjalo.
Kwiphepha lama-36, kumgca woku-1, ukushiywa kuka "ukwamkelwa" endaweni yake ibe "ukubanjwa".
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UMTHETHO OYILWAYO.txt</fn>
Ukubonelela ngokuqwalasela imigangatho yempilo kwiziKolo zamasiko olwaluko; ukubonelela ngemvume yokuqhuba inkqubo yolwaluko; ukugcina nesikolo solwaluko nokubonelela ngeemeko ezinokuba nobungozi.
inkqubo yesiko" ukuquka inkqubo ngokwesiko, ngokwenkolo okanye eminye imithetho efana nale meko; kunye ingcibi" kuthethwa umntu oqeqeshiweyo nonamava ekwenzeni isiko lolwaluko nokunyanga abakhwetha.
Umntu akanakuba naso isiKolo soLwaluko okanye ukunyanga abalukayo ngaphandle kokwenza isicelo sokufumana imvume ebhaliweyo kuMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kwingingqi apho isiKolo soLwaluko sikhoyo okanye apho kuqhutyelwa khona ulwaluko: Ngaphandle kokuba esi siqwendana asisebenzi kunyango lalolwo walukileyo esibhedlele okanye kugqirha oqeqeshiweyo.
e isiqinisekiso samava nobuchule bokuba nesiKolo solwaluko.
UMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili okanye umntu oncedisa uMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kwaye kukho uGqirha kufuneka kufundwe iimfuno ezimiselweyo ezichazwe kwifomu yesicelo kulwimi olusemthethweni olwaziwa ngulowo wenza isicelo semvume.
Ingcibi eyenza isicelo sokuba nesiKolo soLwaluko okanye ukunyanga abolukayo kufuneka igcwalise ixwebhu elimiselwe kwisiHlomelo B esikwiShedyuli kwaye uMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kufuneka naye alityikitye ukuqinisekise ukuba iimeko ezichaziweyo zicaciswe ngokunzulu kwingcibi ngolwimi olwaziwa yingcibi leyo.
Umzali walowo ulindeleke ukuba oluke ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ugcwalisa aze atyikitye ifomu emiselwe kwisiHlomelo C.
Umzali walowo wolukayo ukongeza kwiimfanelo zakhe njengomzali kufuneka anike uncedo nentsebenziswano ezinokucelwa nguMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kwimpilo yalowo walukayo.
Lowo ulindelekileyo ukuba aluke oneminyaka eli-18 okanye ngaphezulu ongayifuniyo imvume yomzali kufuneka agcwalise aze atyikitye ifomu yemvume emiselwe kwisiHlomelo D.
Umntu ukuquka nomzali walowo walukayo akanakungenelela okanye athintele imisebenzi kaGqirha weSithili ngokwalo mthetho.
Ubuncinane beminyaka yabo bafuna ukwaluka ili-16.
Bonke abo balukayo kufuneka babe nengxelo malunga nempilo yabo elungileyo engekho ngaphezulu kwiintsuku ezingama-90 kwaye nefomu emiselweyo evela kumongikazi okanye kugqirha phambi kokuba amkelwe kwisikolo solwaluko.
Lityala ukwamkela lowo ufuna ukwaluka kwisiKolo solwaluko ngaphandle kwefomu yemvume okanye imvume yomzali.
Ixesha lokwaluka alisayi kudlula kwiinyanga ezintathu zekhalenda.
Umaluki akasayi kunyanga okanye azame ukunyanga omnye owalukayo nakuliphi inqanaba ngexesha okanye emva kokuba nesiKolo soLwaluko.
Zingcibi zodwa, ugqirha okanye uMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili okanye nawuphi umntu ogunyaziswe nguMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili onganyanga owalukayo.
Umntu akanakuqhuba ulwaluko kwiphondo ngaphandle kwemvume yoMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili.
a Umntu kufuneka enze isicelo njengoko kumiselwe kwimvume yokuqhuba ulwaluko kwaye loo mvume iya kunikwa kuphela ukuba iimeko ezimiselwe kwisiHlomelo A zithotyelwe.
i ngakuvumeli ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo sokutyanda esifunwa ukusetyenziswa yingcibi; kwaye ii angamisela okanye anike isixhobo sokutyanda esifanelekileyo apho isixhobo esithile singavunywanga ngokuphathelele kumhlathana 1.
c Apho isixhobo sokutyanda esifanelekileyo simiselweyo okanye sinikiweyo ngokuphathelele kumhlathi b ii uMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili lowo okanye omnye umntu ogunyaziswe nguMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kufuneka abonise okanye aqeqeshe ingcibi ekusetyenzisweni kwesixhobo eso.
d UMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili okanye umntu ogunyaziswe nguMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kufuneka afunde iimeko ngolwimi lwaseburhulumenteni oluqondwa ngumntu owenza isicelo semvume.
e UMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kunye nengcibi abacela isicelo sokuqhuba ulwaluko kufuneka bagcwalise ixhwebhu eliqulathe iimeko ezimiselwe kwisihlomelo A.
Umntu owenze isicelo kufuneka kwinyanga enye ukususela kumhla wesicelo afake isiqinisekiso sokuthobela iimeko ngokubhekiselele kwisiHlomelo A ukuba akanakwenza oko isicelo sakuphela.
Umntu onesicelo esiphelileyo njengoko kumiselwe kwisiqendwana 3 angenza isicelo esitsha kuMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili lowo kwaye ulungiselelo lwalo Mthetho lusebenza ukuba isicelo semvume senziwa okokuqala.
d ayalele ukuvalwa kwesiKolo soLwaluko ukuba eso sikolo asifikeleli kwiimfuno ezichazwe kwicandelo 10 1 soMthetho.
UMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili unelungelo lokufikelela nakweziphi izakhiwo aye nakuyiphi imeko okanye indawo apho lwenzeka khona ulwaluko okanye ukunyangwa kwabakhwetha.
UMEC kufuneka anyule uNompilo woMmandla abe mnye ubuncinane kwisithili ngasinye njengomhloli weziKolo zoLwaluko.
v akukho ezinye iimeko kummandla ezinganefuthe elingakhiyo kubomi okanye kwimpilo yabalukayongokuphathelele nakuwuphi omnye uMthetho, vi izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo kulwaluko zigcinwa, kwaye zilungiselelwa zize zisetyenziswe ngendlela engasayi kubeka umkhwetha kumngcipheko wengozi, wesifo okanye wokufa.
Umntu ophula amalungiselelo amacandelo 2 , 3 nelesi-5 unetyala kwaye unemfanelo yokugwetyelwa ukubhatala isohlwayo okanye avalelwe ixesha kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
Umceli olindelekileyo wokuba nesiKolo soLwaluko okanye ukunyanga abalukayonokuqhuba ulwaluko angabhenela kwiNtloko yeSebe ukuba ngaba akanelisekanga zizigqibo ezenziwe nguMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili ngokuphathelele kumacandelo 2 nelesi-6.
Isibheno kufuneka sifakwe kwiintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokwaziswa ngesigqibo soMpathi wezeMpilo weSithili.
b imihlaba apho isibheno sisekeke kuyo.
INtloko yeSebe kufuneka iphendule kwiintsuku ezili-14 zokufunyanwa kwesibheno kwaye lowo ubhenayo kufuneka esazisiwe ngeziphumo.
UMEC angenza imimiselo ngokuphathelele nakweyiphi imeko apho agcinga ukuba kufanelekile okanye kuyimfuneko yeenjongo zokuphumeza iinjongo zalo Mthetho.
Lo Mthetho ubizwa ngokuba nguMthetho weMpilo weziKolo zaseFreyistati.
Kufuneka kukho isiqinisekiso sesatifikhethi sokuzalwa okanye idompasi yalowo ufuna ukwaluka xa imvume ifunwa kubudala obuyiminyaka eli-18 ubuncinane okanye ukuba abazali balowo walukayo bacele ukwalusa kubudala obuyiminyaka eli-16.
Imvume yabazali kufuneka ifunyenwe ukuba lowo ulindelekileyo ukuba aluke ungaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala.
Lowo ulindelekileyo ukuba aluke kufuneka kuqala axilongwe ngugqirha okanye ngunesi. Iphepha likagqirha kufuneka libonise kwimbali yempilo yalowo ulindelekileyo ukuba aluke ukuba ukulungele na ukwaluka.
Ingcibi eqhuba inkqubo yolwaluko kwindawo ephantsi kwebhunga lesiko kufuneka ichazele ibhunga elo laloo ndawo.
Apho ingcibi ingenamava okuqhuba inkqubo yolwaluko kufuneka ikuqhube oku phantsi kweliso lengcibi enamava.
Isixhobo esisetyenziswayo ukwenza ulwaluko esisetyenziswe komnye wabalukayo akufuneki siphinde sisetyenziswe komnye owalukayo naye.
Ingcibi kufuneka isebenzise izixhobo ezinikwe okanye ezimiselwe nguMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili ukuba ingcibi iza kwalusa ngaphezulu kwesinye kodwa ingenazo izixhobo ezaneleyo.
Ingcibi kufuneka igcine izixhobo ezisetyenziswa yiyo ekwaluseni zicocekile ngawo onke amaxesha phambi kokwalusa kwaye kufuneka isebenzise into emiselwe nguMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili ukuhlanzisa izixhobo.
Ingcibi kufuneka igcine irejista apho ibonisa amagama abakhwetha, imihla abamkele ngayo, ukwalusa nokokuba abalukayobaya kugqiba okanye baya kuhlala ixesha elingakanani kwisiKolo soLwaluko.
Ingcibi ayisayi kwenza naluphi uhlobo lwesohlwayo esiqatha nakweyiphi imeko.
Okuqulathwe kwesi siHlomelo kufuneka kucaciselwe lowo walukayo okanye umzali wakhe.
Mna , ingcibi ndiyamkela kwaye ndiyavuma kwiimeko ezimiselwe kwisiHlomelo A kwaye ndiyavuma ukunika uMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili isiqinisekiso ngokuphathelele kukuthotyelwa kwiimeko ezingentla kwinyanga yomhla ongezantsi.
UMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili unegunya lokwenza unxaxho ekusetyenzisweni kwezixhobo zomthonyama kuphela kwiimeko apho kukho iimpawu zokuqala zokutyhefwa kwegazi okanye kwiimeko zempilo ezifanayo aze azingise ekusetyenzisweni kwezixhobo zokutyanda.
UMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kufuneka avunyelwe yingcibi ukuba atyelele isiKolo soLwaluko njalo nangaliphi ixesha uMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili ebona ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuze ahlole impilo nemeko yomaluki.
Umaluki kufuneka ukuba avunyelwe yingcibi kwiintsuku zokuqala zolwaluka ukuba asele amanzi akumlinganiselo othuli ukuphepha ukoma.
Ingcibi akufuneki ibeke umaluki kwimeko eyingozi kwaye kufuneka ibe nenkathalo esemgangathweni ekuphatheni isiKolo soLwaluko.
Ingcibi kufuneka linike ingxelo ngazo naziphi iimpawu zokugula zomaluki kuMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kwangoko.
Ingcibi kufuneka ihlale nabaluki iiyure ezingama-24 ngemini kwiintsuku ezisibhozo zokuqala zenkqubo yokwaluka, kwaye emva kokuphela kweentsuku ezisibhozo zokuqala zenkqubo yokwaluka kufuneka afumaneke kubaluki kwaye loo manyathelo abe kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo aya kuquka nokulahla iimethodi zomthonyama.
Ingcibi kufuneka isebenzisane noMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili ngawo onke amaxesha ngokuphathelele kumgaqo onikiweyo okanye isigqibo esenziwe nguMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili ngokwamagunya akhe awanikwe nguMthetho.
Mna , ingcibi ndiyamkela kwaye ndiyavuma kwiimeko ezimiselwe kwisiHlomelo B kwaye ndiyavuma ukunika uMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili isiqinisekiso ngokuphathelele kukuthotyelwa kwiimeko ezingentla kwinyanga yomhla ongezantsi.
igama lalowo ulindeleke ukuba aluke, oya kwisiKolo soLwaluko kwaye oza kwaluswa, kwaye ndiyavuma ndiziqonda iimeko zokufumana imvume zokuqhuba ulwaluko kunye neemeko zokufumana imvume yokuba nesiKolo soLwaluko okanye ukunyanga abaluki iimeko ezithi zibophelele ingcibi kunye nemvume yokuya komntwana wam kwisiKolo soLwaluko nokuba aluswe.
Ndiyaqinisekisa ukuba njendingolindelekileyo ukuba aluke , ndiya kwisiKolo soLwaluko kwaye ndiza kwaluka, kwaye ndiyavuma ukuba ndiyaziqonda iimeko zokwaluka kunye neemeko zokufumana imvume yokuba nesiKolo soLwaluko okanye ukunyanga abaluki iimeko ezithi zibophelele ingcibi kunye nemvume yokuya kwisiKolo soLwaluko nokwaluswa.
Injongo yalo Mthetho oyilwayo kukulawula iziKolo zoLwaluko ingakumbi ulwaluko lwabantu ngexesha lenkqubo yokwaluka, ukwenzela ukuyila ummandla okhuselekileyo apho ulwaluko lunokwenzeka khona. Lo Mthetho uyilwayo, phakathi kwezinye izinto unika inqwalaselo kwimigangatho yempilo yeziKolo zoLwaluko, ukunika imvume yokwalusa nokugcina iziKolo zoLwaluko kwiPhondo.
Esi siqendu sithetha ngeenkcazelo zamagama ahlukeneyo asetyenziswa kuMthetho oyilwayo.
Esi siqendu senza kube ngqongqo kuye nawuphi umntu ofuna ukuba nesiKolo soLwaluko okanye ukunyangwa komaluki ukwenza isicelo kuMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili sengqingi leyo.
Esi siqendu simisela ukuba ngubani ekufuneka anike imvume malunga nolindelekileyo ukuba aluke ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18.
Esi siqendu simisela ubuncinane beminyaka efunekayo kolindelekileyo ukuba aluke emkwamkelweni kwisiKolo soLwaluko, iminyaka eli-16 ubudala. Kwaye ikwalityala ukwamkela umaluki ngaphandle kwemvume okanye kwemvume yalo mzali.
Esi siqendu asimvumeli umaluki ukuba anyange okanye azame ukunyanga omnye.
Esi siqendu simisela ukuba ngubani ekufanele aluse kwisiKolo soLwaluko, indlela yokuqhutywa kolwaluko kwaye loo mntu kufuneka afumane imvume ebhaliweyo kuMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili walo ngingqi ukuba aluse.
Esi siqendu simisela amagunya nemisebenzi yoMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili, umzekelo, ukunika imvume yokwalusa okanye yokunyanga umaluki okanye ukuthumela umaluki kwiziko lezempilo.
Esi siqendu sibonelela ngokonyulwa koNompilo woMmandla.
Esi siqendu simisela imisebenzi neemfanelo zikaNompilo woMmandla ekufuneka ahlole isiKolo soLawulo ukuqinisekisa phakathi kwezinto, ukunikezelwa kwamanzi acocekileyo, ukuhlanjwa kweeenkonzo nekhusi elaneleyo.
Esi siqendu sinika amanyathelo okohlwaya kubantu abaphula amacandelo athile oMthetho.
Esi siqendu sibonelela ngenkqubo emayilandelwe ngabo bacela izicelo kwaye izicelo zabo zokuba neziKolo zoLwaluka zingaphumelelanga kwaye izibheno kufuneka zibhekiswe kubani.
Esi siqendu sinika uMEC amagunya okwenza imimiselo ngokuphathelele nakweyiphi imeko enokufuneka okanye ilangazelelwe ekuphumezeni iinjongo zoMthetho.
Isihlomelo A simisela iimeko zokufumana imfume yokwalusa ekufuneka ityikitywe nguMphathi wezeMpilo weSithili kunye nengcibi.
Isihlomelo B simisela iimeko zokufumana imvume yokuba nesiKolo Solwaluko okanye ukunyanga abalukayo ekufuneka sityikitywe nguMphathi wezeMpilo kunye nengcibi.
Isihlomelo C simisela ifomu ekufuneka igcwaliswe ngumzali ngokunxulumene nemvume.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UMTHETHO WE-15 KA-1997.txt</fn>
Imimiselo ephantsi kwalo Mthetho.
Kukunika imilinganiselo yokuxhasa ukukhula kwentembeko, isiveliso, ukusetyenziswa nokubekeleleka kwezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo; kukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi ebandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo (ezibandakanya ungeniso lwempahla elizweni, ukuvelisa, ukukhulula nolwabiwo) eziya kwenziwa ngohlobo lokuba lunyine iziphumo zezinto ezenzakalisayo kokusingqongileyo; ukuthathela ingqalelo ekukhuseleni iingozi nolawulo olu lulo lenkcitho; ukuzinzisa imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo ekuxabiseni nasekunciphiseni iingozi ezivelayo ezingakho kuloo misebenzi ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo; ukubeka phantsi iimfuno ezifunekayo neziyingqobo kuhlolo lweengozi; ukuzinzisa ibhunga lezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo; ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziphilayo zinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo zifanelekile kwaye aziniki ngozi kokusingqongileyo; kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ngeenkqubo ezifanelekileyo ukwazisa ngemisebenzi eyodwa ebandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo; nokunikezala ngezinto ezihlangana nazo apho.
ingozi' ithetha imvelo yebhayoloji, amachiza okanye uphawu olubonakalayo lwento ephilayo eguqulwe yimvelo enokukhokelela kungqubano olungalunganga kokusingqongileyo.
umsebenzisi' uthetha nayiphi na into edaliweyo okanye umntu wasemthethweni okanye iziko elithembakeleyo ekusebenziseni izinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo ziphinde futhi zibandakanye umntu ogqibeleyo ukuyisebenzisa okanye umsebenzisi wezinto.
inkcitho' ithetha nantonina, enjengegesi, engamanzi okanye eqinileyo okanye ukuhlanganiswa kwazo naziphina kuzo, loo nto ithethe ukuthi, kwingcinga zomntu okwindawo yakhe okanye phantsi kolawulo lwakhe ayinqweneleki okanye igqithisile ngesiveliso esilisolotya, ngokuphuma, ngentsalela okanye into eshiyekileyo yayo nayiphina inkqubo okanye umsebenzi odibene nezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo.
ekusetyenzisweni konyango lwento efumaneka eselini elawula imo.
b iza kubandakanya umhlali ngaphambili weKomiti; na c inokubandakanya nawuphi na omnye umntu.
uMphathiswa uya konyula umhlali ngaphambili nesekela mhlali ngaphambili kwalapha kumalungu eBhunga.
Isekela mhlali ngaphambili liya kusebenzisa onke amandla lisebenze yonke imisebenzi kamhlali ngaphambili nokuba umhlali ngaphambili akanako ukuyenza loo nto.
IBhunga liza kucebisa uMphathiswa kuzo zonke izinto ezimalunga nophuhliso, imveliso, ukusebenzisa okanye ukusetyenziswa nokukhululwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo, nokuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi ebhekiselele kuphuhliso, imveliso, usebenziso, ukusetyenziswa nokukhululwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo zenziwa ngokungqinelana namalungiselelo alo Mthetho.
yenza izincomo kuMphathiswa ngolonyulo lwamalungu eKomiti.
UMphathiswa nangaliphi na ithuba angalisusa ilungu leBhunga e-ofisini ukuba uMphathiswa unenjongo zokuba elo lungu alisawazi umsebenzi walo ukugcwalisa i-ofisi okanye ukuba alikwazi kuziphatha.
Isithuba eBhungeni siyakugcwaliswa kangangoko kunokwenziwa ngokuvumelana necandelo 3.
Naninina uMphathiswa onelisekile kukuba naliphi na ilungu leBhunga linqandwa kukugula okanye nasiphi na isizathu ekusebenzeni imisebenzi yalo ye-ofisi, uMphathiswa angonyula nabanina amcingayo ukuba ukufanele ukwenza njengesekela lelo lungu ekubeni elo lungu lithintelwe, yaye elo sekela linjalo ngelo xesha liza kube lisenza, lisebenza imisebenzi yelungu endaweni yelo libekelwe ukuba lenze: Ngaphandle kokuba loo mntu wonyulwe njengesekela mgcini sihlalo okanye usekela mgcini sihlalo uya kwenza kuphela imisebenzi yelungu nje, ngaphandleni kokuba uMphathiswa umnike imiyalelo.
Iintlanganiso zeBhunga ziyakubanjwa ngaloo maxesha nakwezondawo njengoko umhlali ngaphambili echaza ngamaxesha onke: Ngaphandleni kokuba intlanganiso yokuqala iyakubanjwa ngexesha nakwindawo echazwe nguMphathiswa.
Ikhoram yayo nayiphi na intlanganiso yeBhunga funeka ibe luninzi lwamalungu.
Isigqibo seBhunga siyakufikelelwa kwisiseko sesivumelwano.
IBhunga lingamkela abanye abantu abaziwayo njengamalungu ukunceda iBhunga khon'ukuze licebise iBhunga naninina iBhunga libona kuyimfuneko.
IBhunga lingamema amagqabantshintshi abhaliweyo avela kubantu abaziwayo nakuyo nayiphina inkangeleko yokuguqulwa yimvelo ehleli phakathi kwizishwankathelo zeBhunga.
a15y1997s88 Ukuqeshwa komgcini zincwadi zerejista a Ngokukhawuleza emva kolakhiwo leBhunga yaye naninina apho kuyimfuneko emva koko uMphathiswa uza , emva kokucebisana neBhunga, uya konyula umntu oyifaneleyo nofanelekileyo nonamava njengomgcini zincwadi zerejista.
uyakunqunyanyiswa ukuba umntu uyarhoxa njengomgcini zincwadi zerejista anganqunyanyiswa nguMphathiswa ukuba umgcini zincwadi zerejista akawenzi kakuhle umsebenzi wakhe ngokwanelisayo.
angawasebenzisa amandla anjengalawo enze loo misebenzi ayalelwe yona okanye agunyaziswe okanye abelwe yona ngu-okanye phantsi kwalo Mthetho okanye liBhunga.
Naninina umgcini zincwadi zerejista engekho emsebenzini nangasiphi na isizathu okanye engakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe, okanye naninina kukho isithuba esivelayo e-ofisini yomgcini zincwadi zerejista, iBhunga lingonyula ilungu lesitafu salo libambele kwela nqanaba de umgcini zincwadi zerejista aqalise kwakho imisebenzi yakhe, okanye umgcini zincwadi zerejista uyonyulwa ngenxa yecandelwana , nokuba ilungu lina loo mandla ngexesha libambele yaye liza kusebenza lemisebenzi yomgcini zincwadi zerejista njengoko liyalelwe okanye lonyuliwe liBhunga.
Nayiphina intshukumo yomgcini zincwadi zerejista engathi nangaliphina ixesha unokurhoxiswa okanye abuyiselwe nguMphathiswa.
UMlawuli-Jikelele uyakonyula, ngokulungiselelwa nguMthetho weNkonzo zikaWonke -wonke (isaziso 103 sika -1994), njengokuba abasebenzi zi-ofisini abaninzi besebe xa ngaba kungayimfuneko bancedise umgcini zincwadi ekuxhamleni amandla wakhe nasekusebenzeni imisebenzi yakhe.
qinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo eyiyo ithathwa ngabo bonke abasebenzisi ngawo onke amaxesha ngembono yokukhusela okusingqongileyo ezingozini.
Kukho ukuzinziswa kweKomiti yokuCebisana eyakuba nabantu abangagqithanga eshumini abonyulwa nguMphathiswa emva kokunconywa libhunga kangangexesha elingagqithanga kwiminyaka emihlanu hayi ngaphezu kwamalungu asibhozo ayakukwaziswa abantu kwindawo zenzululwazi esetyenziswa kuphuhliso nokhululo lwezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo.
Abantu ababini bayakusuka kwicandelo likawonke-wonke bayakuba nolwazi lokufunda ngezinto eziphilileyo malunga nendawo eziphila kuyo nangezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo.
IBhunga liya kuncoma amalungu anyuliweyo eKomitini, inzame zokuzuza umelo oluvela kuzo zonke iindawo zobuncutshe ezibandakanywa nezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo.
Ibambela mgcini sihlalo liya kuwasebenzisa onke amandla lenze yonke imisebenzi kamgcini sihlalo naninina umgcini sihlalo engenakho ukwenza oko.
Mema iingxelo ezibhaliweyo kubantu abaziyo kuyo nayiphi na into ephathelelene nezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo ezibekwe phakathi kwingxelo yeKomiti.
IKomiti ingonyula iikomitana ukusebenza ngezinto ezizodwa njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Kumalungu eKomiti, amalungu eekomitana nakwilungu ekubhekiselelwe kulo kwicandelo 3 (c) ayakubhatalwa loo mivuzo ngokoMphathiswa, ngesivumelwano soMphathiswa wezeMali, anokuyimisa.
IKomiti ngonyaka ingangqinelana nesebe lenkqubo lengqiqo-mali neliya kungenisa uqiqo-mali kwiBhunga.
Umntu owonyulelwe ekomitini uyakukwala ukurhoxa ngokukhawuleza okanye njengelungu lekomiti ukuba into engundoqo isemcimbini apho anecala okanye angenamdla upheleleyo okanye ukuba nangasiphina isizathu kukho okanye enokuba yimbambano yenzala ngenxa yokuthatha kwakhe inxaxheba kwinkqubo zeKomiti.
UMphathiswa ngokunconywa liBhunga, ngesaziso kwiGazethi eyalela nawuphi umsebenzi obandakanya izinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo.
Umhloli ngamnye uya kuxhotyiswangesiqinisekiso esisayinwe ngumgcini zincwadi zerejista echaza ukuba wonyulwe njengomhloli ngaphantsi koMthetho.
Umhloli ngesicelo saye namphi na umntu okhathazwa kukuziqhelisa okanye ukwenza umsebenzi ngumhloli onjalo, uya kubonisa ngesiqinisekiso ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelwana kuloo mntu.
ukuthimba nasiphina isixhobo, incwadi, ingxelo okanye uxwebhu olubhaliweyo, athathe imizekelo yezixhobo okanye izinto ezibonakala zibonisa ubungqina bokuchasa nawaphina amalungiselelo alo Mthetho; na ukunika isaziso kumniniso nasiphina isixhobo, into, isixhobo incwadi, ingxelo okanye uxwebhu olubhaliweyo oluthinjwe ngaphantsi komhlathi (c) okanye evela nakowuphina umntu onolawulo kuyo ngokukhawuleza phambi kokuhlasela ngaphantsi komhlathana (c) ukususa izinto ezithinjiweyo kwabo bantu baxabisa ngokwabo ngexeshana nakwindawo echaziweyo kweso saziso.
a Isiqinisekiso ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelwana 4 siyakukhutshwa ngumantyi onolawulo lezobulungisa kulo ndawo apho indawo okanye ubuchule obusembuzweni buhleli khona, yaye iya kukhutshwa kuphela ukuba ibonakala kulwazi olukwisifungo ukuba kukho izizathu zokuba ukholelwe ukuba nasiphina isixhobo, into, isixhobo, incwadi, ingxelo okanye uxwebhu olubhaliweyo enolikunxulumana nokuchasa lo Mthetho ungaphezu okanye ukuloo ndawo okanye ubuchule.
Isiqinisekiso esikhutshwe ngokwelicandelo fanele ukuba senziwe ngobungqongqo xa kubhekiselelwe kwimpatho ntle nokulungisa.
a Ukuba akukho nkqubo zalwaphulo-mthetho luqaliswayo ngokunxulumene nayo nayiphina into ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kwicandelwana 5 a, ukuchasana kwezinto kwicandelwana 4, okanye ukuba ibonakalisa ukuba izinto ezinjalo azifuneki nakokuphina ukulingwa ngenjongo yobungqina okanye ngesindululo senkundla, loo nto iyakubuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza emntwini eyayithinjwe kuye.
Emva kwesiphelo senkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho nayiphina into ethinjiweyo ngokoMthetho okwicandelwano osebenza njengesiboniso kwinkqubo apho umntu ebegwetyiwe, ezakunikezelwa kumhloli ukuba atshatyalaliswe okanye kusetyenzwe ngaye njengoko kuyalelwe ngumgcini zincwadi zerejista.
hlola nawuphina umsebenzi okanye inkqubo eyenziweyo ngaphakathi okanye ngaphezu kwendawo okanye kubuchule obudibanisa nezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo; na funa umnini okanye umhlali ukwenzela ukuvelisela uhlolo okanye injongo yokuzuza iikopi okanye izicatshulwa, ezo okanye ezivela nakuyiphina incwadi, kumthetho oyilwayo wokuleyibhelisha inqanawa zonke zendawo ethile, uluhlu lwempahla yomthwalo wenqanawa okanye olunye uxwebhu ngentlonelo kulawulo lwalo Mthetho.
Abasebenzisi bayakuqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo efanelekileyo ithathelwa ingqalelo ukunqanda ungquzulwano olungalunganga kokusingqongileyo olunokuvumbuluka ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto eziphilayo ezinakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo.
Imfanelo yokumoshwa okubangelwa kukusebenzisa okanye ukukhululwa kwento ephilayo enakho ukuguqulwa yimvelo iya kuthwalwa ngumsebenzisi ekubhekiselelwe kuye: Ngaphandleni kokuba xa loo nto iphilayo ibe ikwindawo yomhloli njengoko itshiwo kwicandelo 15 , umsebenzisi ekubhekiselelwe kuye ngelo xesha waloo msebenzi okanye wesosikhululwa akamakufunyaniswa enemfanelo zako nakuphina ukumoshakala ngaphandleni kokuba loo msebenzisi wabona ngenx'engaphambili okanye ubone ngexa elingaphambili loo mosharha naye wamosha okanye ube enokuyinqanda loo mosharha kodwa akabinako wafelisha ukuthabatha izizathu ezincedayo ukunqanda loo mosharha.
xa uyalelwe ukuba wenze oko yiyo nayiphina inkundla enolwazi ; okanye ukuba ugunyazisiwe ukwenza oko nguMphathiswa.
Nangona amalungiselelo ecandelwana , iBhunga emva kokucebisana nomceli yaye ukuba iBhunga liyoneliseka phantsi kwemeko zokuba ulwazi olugqithiselwe ngumceli ukuba ulwazi oluthile fanele lufihlwe ukwenzela ukukhusela ingqondo yobumnini yomceli, kufihlwe olo lwazi de ibe lelo xesha lufuneka ngalo ukukhusela loo malungelo.
Ukuba nangasiphina isizathu, umceli uyasirhoxisa isicelo sakhe , naliphina iqela elinolwazi ngenkcukacha zesicelo makahloniphe ukuthemba abanye ngolwazi olunikiweyo.
Umntu oziva ehlungisiwe siso nasiphina isigqibo okanye isenzo esithathwe liBhunga , umgcini zincwadi zerejista okanye umhloli ngokwalo Mthetho angathi ngexeshana nangokohlobo oluchaziweyo nakwintlawulo yemali echaziweyo, abhene ngokuchaseneyo nesosigqibo okanye isenzo kuMphathiswa, owonyula ibhodi yezibheno ngenjongo yesibheno ekubhekiselelwe kuso.
a Ibhodi yesibheno iya kuba nomntu okanye abantu abaya kuba nezimvo zoMphathiswa, abanolwazi bobucwepheshe nabafanelekileyo ekugqibeni imicimbi yesibheno ekubhekiselelwe kuyo.
bUkuba ibhodi yesibheno inabantu abangaphezulu kwesinye abonyuliweyo, uMphathiswa uyakonyula abemnye kumalungu njengomgcini-sihlalo waloo bhodi yesibheno.
cUmntu owonyulwe phantsi komhlathi a uyakuphinda arhoxe njengelungu lebhodi yesibheno ukuba unomdla othe ngqo okanye ongathanga ngqo kuloo nto yesibheno okanye ukuba unesinye isizathu, kukho okanye kungakho ukruthakruthwano lwemidla ngenxa yenxaxheba kwinkqubo zebhodi yesibheno.
Kungakho ukubhatalwa kwilungu lebhodi yesibheno elingekho ngqeshweni ipheleleyo nguRhulumente, kwimali efanelekileyo yePalamente ukulungiselela izinto ezinjalo, loo mivuzo okanye ezo mali zivunyelweyo nguMphathiswa ngesivumelwano soMphathiswa wezeMali unokusimisa.
bhekiselela eyona nto ifanelekileyo kumgcini zincwadi zerejista ukuba iBhunga liphinde liyicinge; okanye yenza into eyenye njengoko linokuyicingela ngokuthi ncam.
Nayiphina imimiselo eyenziwe phantsi kwecandelwana 1 inganikeza ukuba nawuphina umntu ochasa okanye ongaphumeleliyo ukuvumelana namalungiselelo emva koko, uyakuba netyala lokukhubekisa abe nemfanelo ekugwetyweni kwisohlwayo, okanye afakwe entolongweni kangangexesha elingadlalanga kwiminyaka emibini.
kwisigwebo sokuqala uza kuba nemfanelo kwisohlwayo, okanye ekufakweni entolongweni ixesha elingadlulanga kwiminyaka emibini; na kokwesibini okanye nakwizigwebo ezilandelelanayo uyakuba nemfanelo kwisohlwayo, okanyeekufakweni entolongweni ixesha elingadlulanga kwiminyaka emine.
Nangona nantonina echaseneyo naye nawuphi umthetho ogciniweyo, inkundla kamantyi iyakuba nolwazi ukubeka nasiphina isohlwayo okanye yenze nayiphina indlela ukumisela ngalo Mthetho.
Umphathiswa ngokunyanzelwa ziimeko njengoko enokutsho ngokubhala isigunyazisi naliphina igunya elixoxwe ekhona ngulo Mthetho, ngaphandleni kokuba igunya ekubhekiselelwe kulo kwicandelo 20, kwi-ofisa eqeshwe lisebe, kodwa awunakuguzulwa naliphina igunya elithunyelweyo yaye ufake umbandela okanye ubeke bucala naso nasiphi isigqibo sogunyaziso olwenziwe ekuziqhelaniseni naloo magunya.
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Imithetho yamasiko nenkolo zizinto zokusetyenziswa kwesini ekuhlaleni kwaye ziindlela zokubonisa nokuqhubela phambili ukucinezelwa nokuthotywa kwabafazi.
Isiko lichazwa njengendlela yokugqithisela izinto zentlalo ukusuka kumnombo othile ukuya komnye, nokwenziwa ngakumbi ngesincoko somlomo.
Uthotho lwaloo masiko neendlela zokusebenza zithathwa njengezinto ezehle ngaphambili ezinefuthe kwixesha langoku; isiko elilandelwa lusapho ngesinxibo nangesimilo.
Kungenxa yesiko le nto izithethe ezahlukileyo zentlalo zidluliselwa kwaye zilandelwe yiminombo elandelayo.
Njengokuba amasiko amaninzi ekhuthaza ukudibana nokumanyana kwasekuhlaleni, amanye agruzula impilo yomzimba neyengqondo nesidima sabantu ngakumbi amantombazana nabafazi. Izinto ezifana nokungavunyelwa ukufunda, ukuvinjwa ulwazi neenkonzo ezivumela ezo zinto zinokuba nobungozi ukuba zithe zaqhubeke.
Amasiko anobungozi akhona ngeendlela ezahlukileyo kodwa zonke zivela kwimbali yokungalingani ngokwasentlalweni naluqoqosho phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi. Izithethe ezinjengezi zibonwa zingundoqo womnatha wesimo sentlalo. Amalinge okuguqula okanye ukutshutshisa ezi zithethe asoloko ekrokrelwa okanye ebonisa ukungalawuleki kwiindawo ezisawenzayo ngakumbi xa amalinge anjalo evela ngaphandle.
Amanye amasiko enziwayo, abandakanya abafazi, abandakanya oku kulandelayo: ukuhlola ubuntombi, ilobola; ikhazi; isithembu.
Inkolo lushishino lwabantu apho ubungcwele busekwa khona. Ikwachazwa njengenkqubo yeenkolo nezithethe ekuthi ngazo iqela labantu lixakeke sisiphelo sobomi babantu. Inkolo ingasetyenziswa njengophawu olwahlula ukuvumela ukucalucalula abantu entlalweni nokudukiswa kwanokubethelela amaqela asekuhlaleni ngokwamanqanaba.
Kubalulekile ukuhlalutya indlela isini nenkolo ezinxulumene ngayo kwaye kuyafuneka xa sijonga indlela inkolo okanye indlela ekuthethwa ngayo kwinkolo ethe yasetyenziswa ngayo ukusingela phantsi abafazi. Kuyaxoxwa kuthiwa "inkolo yiyo ethe kwaye iseyiyo eyingcambu yesizathu sokuthotywa nokusingelwa phantsi komfazi" kanye kanye ngenxa yexabiso layo nendlela ethundeza ngayo kuluntu.
ITshata yaseAfrika yamaLungelo abaNtu noLuntu.
UMthetho wokuPheliswa koButhakathi.
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Ukuliwa kobuhlwempu kusuka kude ekuqaleni kwembali yomntu kwaye kwaqhubeka kwada kwaza kufika kule nkulungwane entsha. Akukho ndawo eli dabi apho ligxininisa kuyo ngaphandle kwemeko yesini nobuhlwempu eAfrika.
Imeko yokuba nobutyebi obuncinane kakhulu okanye izinto onazo, ubivila, ukungabinandawo yokuhlala, ukuba neemfuno.
Kule minyaka yangoku, uphando olufumanisa iindlela ababona ngayo abangamahlwempu luqaphele ukuba ubuhlwempu bubandakanya ukungabinazinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukubalixhoba nokudlakazeliswa ngokwesini ngaphezu kokungabi nanto.
Ngoko ke ubuhlwempu kukungabinakho ukufikelela kumyinge wokuphila okumgangatho othile, kulinganiswa ngokumalunga neemfuno ezingundoqo okanye ingeniso efunekayo ukuze zizaliseke.
Bulinganiswa kanjani ubuhlwempu?
Ubuhlwempu obugqibeleleyo (ubuhlwempu obugqithisileyo) buyafana nokuba neemfuno ezigqithisileyo okanye ukungabinanto. Ubuhlwempu obugqithisileyo bunento nokwenza nokungabinanto kwabantu xa kuthelekiswa neyona isezantsi imiqathango nemigangatho ethathwa naluluphi na uluntu njengomlinganiselo osezantsi weemfuno zobomi okanye owona mgangatho usezantsi wamkelekileyo wokuphila.
Ubuhlwempu ngokuthelekiswa bunento nokwenza nokungabinanto kwabantu xa bethelekiswa nabanye kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Xa ulinganisa ukungabinanto ngokuthelekiswa nabanye okanye ukungalingani kokwabiwa kwengeniso, ubutyebi neengeniso ekuhlaleni ziyajongwa.
Yintoni eyenza ubuhlwempu eMzantsi Afrika?
Zithini izibalo ngobuhlwempu eMzantsi Afrika?
Kutheni abafazi bengamaxhoba obuhlwempu?
Buzalana kanjani ubuhlwempu, isini nokudlakazeliswa ngokwesini?
Ukudlakazeliswa kwabafazi nobuhlwempu zihamba kunye. Ngelishwa inani elikhulu labo bonke abafazi eMzantsi Afrika bayabethwa amaxesha ngamaxesha, badlwengulwe bophulwe imiphefumlo. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba lihlwempu kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okubasemngciphekweni wokudlakazeliswa.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UMTHETHO WOKUKHUTHAZWA KOKUFIKELELEKA KULWAZI (2000).txt</fn>
naluphina ulwazi olukugcino lukaRhulumente; kunye naluphina ulwazi olukugcino lomnye umntu1 kwaye luyimfuneko ekwenzeni okanye ukukhuselwa kwalo naliphina2 ilungelo.
ukukhuthaza isiko lokucaca kunye nokwenza ingxelo kwamaziko kawonke-wonke nalawo abucala ngokuthi kunikwe ilungelo lokufikelela kulwazi, kunye nokukhuthalela ukukhuthazwa kwentlalo apho abantu banganokufikelela kulo lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukusebenzisa nokukhusela amalungelo abo ngokupheleleyo kunye nokufanelekileyo.
Le Ncwadi yokuFundisa inabisa iindidi zolwazi olukugcino lweBhodi yemiBoniso Bhanya-Bhanya kunye noPapasho, inkcukacha zoqhakamishelwano kunye nefomu yokucela ilungelo lokufikelela kumaxwebhu akugcino lweBhodi. Izikhokhelo zokuba i-PAIA, uluhlu lwamaxabiso omthamo afanelekileyo kunye nolunye ulwazi olunokufunyanwa kwiKhomishini yamaLungelo oLuntu yoMzantsi Afrika kwidilwsi ezidweliswe ekwisiqingatha sesi-3 seNcwadi yokuFundisa.
ukulawula ukudala, ukuveliswa, ukuba nayo kuwe kunye nokusasazwa kopapasho oluthile kunye nemiboniso bhanya-bhanya ethile ngokwndlela yokuhlelwa, ukubekwa kwesithintelo ngokweminyaka kunye nokunika ingcebiso kubathengi, kunikwa umqwalasela ingakumbi kukhuselo lwabantwana kuxhatshazo ngokwesini okanye ukuthotywa isidima kupapasho, imiboniso bhanya-bhanya okanye kwi-Internet, kwaye ukwenza ukusebenzisa okunoxhatshazwa kwabantwana kusasazo olunoburheletya, imiboniso bhanya-bhanya okanye kwi-Interne kubenesohlwayo.
ukuzisa uwonke-wonke ngenjongo kunye nentsingiselo yezigqibo zohlelo kunye nengcebiso kubathengi.
Ibhodi ineGosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko namaGosa oLawulo amaKhulu amabini ukwenza isiGqeba soLawulo, kunye neqela labaVavanyi abaziNtloko kunye nabaVavanyi abanyulwe ngenkqubo yokuchonga kawonke-wonke. Igosa loLawulo eliyiNtloko linguSihlalo weBhodi kunye nesiGqeba soLawulo. Izinto ezinto ezifakiweyo kwiBhodi zivavanywa kwaye zihlelwa zikomiti zohlelo, ezenziwa ngumVavanyi oyiNtloko kunye nobuncikane besibini sabaVavanyi abanyulwe kuludwe labavavanyi abazintloko kunye nabavavanyi. Abasebenzi bolawulo kunye nabakhi-mkhanyo bethutyana bagcwalisa iqela labasebenzi beBhodi.
Isicelo sokufikelela kumaxwebhu eBhodi lunokwenziwa ngokuGcwaliswa kweFomu u-A, Isinamatheliso u-B, Ummiselo we-6, oveliswe kwakhona ekupheleni kwalencwadi yokufundisa.
Uvimba wolwazi ngezigqibo zokuhlela kunye nababonisi ababhalisiweyo kunye/okanye abasasazi uyayilwa kwaye uyakuba khona kwi-website kwakamsinya emva kokuba ukufakwa kolwazi kugqityiwe.
Umceli kufuneka ahambisane nenkqubo ezibekwe kumThetho wokuKhuthazwa kokuFikelela kuLwazi, nawuphina uMmiselo owenziwe ngokwalomThetho kunye nakwiNcwadi yokuFundisa yeCandelo le-14 eveliswe yiKhomishini yamaLungelo oLuntu yoMzantsi Afrika, ngokunjalo naziphi na iimeko ezibekwe yiBhodi ngaphandle kokuba azingqinelani nomThetho, uMmiselo kunye neNcwadi yokuFundisa ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kwelicandelo.
Ukongeza kwizizathu zokwala ezidandalaziswe kumThetho wokuKhuthazwa kokuFikelela kuLwazi, akukho zinto okanye ikopi zakulungiselelwa, okanyeukufikelela kuvunyelwe, kwizinto eziqulathe ukurheletywa kwabantwana ngaphandle kokuba umceli lilungu lenkonzo yokumilisela umthetho kwaye uxwebhu lolwazi okanye ukufikelela kulo kuyimfuneko ngenjongo zophando kunye/okanye ukutshutshisa.
Nakuphina ukufikelela kwiinkonzo ezokhona kwiBhodi kungafumaneka ngokwenza isicelo, ngokubhalela kwiGosa loLwazi Khangela isiqingatha sesi-2 ngasentla apha ngeenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano.
Umsebenzi ongundoqo weBhodi luhlelo lwemiboniso bhanya-bhanya, imidlalo yekhompyutha kunye nopapasho ukukhusela abantwana ekuveleni kwizinto eziphazamisayo kunye nezenzakalisayo kunye nokunika ulwazi kubathengi ukuze uluntu lwenze ukhetho olufanelekileyo lufunde ukukhetha kokubukela kunye nokufunda kwabo kunye nabantwana abakugcino lwabo. UmThetho unika ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kuluntu ekonyuleni abavavanyi icandelo lesi-63 kunye nokusekwa kwezikhokhelo ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokuhlelwa icandelo 313. Ukumenywa kukawonke-wonke ukuze uthathe inxaxheba kuzo zombini inkqubo wenziwa kumaphapha-ndaba.
Ukongeza, uluntu lunokuthatha inxaxheba kucaciso loyilo lwezokhokhelo, ngokuthi lufake amacebo kunye/okanye lufake izikhalazo okanye izigxeko zezigqibo zabo kwiGosa leSebe eliLawulayo eliyiNtloko. (Khangela inkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano kwisiqingatha se-2 ngasentla).
Ibhodi iya kuthi, ekufumanekeni kwesicelo esibhaliweyo, ilungiselele ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwintlanganiso yokuhlela ngamalungu athile oluntu ngenjongo zokubukela kunye nokuphawula kwinkqubo yokuhlela.
Ibhodi njengesiseko soluntu sikazwelonke esenza izigqibo zolawulo, iphantsi komThetho woLawulo ngokobuLungisa kunye nokulungiswa kwezenzo zokushiyelela okanye ukwenza okulungiselelweyo kulamThetho.
Akukho lwazi lumbi lokufakelelwa kule ncwadi yokufundisa oluthe lwamiselwa.
xela isikhundla, igama kunye nefani yegosa lolwazi / usekela gosa wolwazi ngo umhla e...indawo.
Intlawulo yesicelo (ukuba ngaba ikhona): R...
Intlawulo yokufikeleleka: R...
B. Inkcukacha zomntu owenza isicelo sokufikelela kuxwebhu lolwazi a Inkcukacha zomntu owenza isicelo sokufikelela kuxwebhu lolwazi kufuneka zinikwe ngasezantsi.
b Idilesi kunye / okanye inombolo yefeksi kwiRiphablikhi apho ulwazi luza kuthunyelwa khona, kufuneka inikwe.
Eli candelo kufuneka ligcwaliswe KUPHELA ukuba isicelo solwazi senziwa egameni lomnye umntu.
D. Iinkcukacha zoxwebhu lolwazi a Nika inkcukacha eziphelelyo zoxwebhu lolwazi olo ekufunwa ufikelelo kulo, kuquka inombolo yesingqiniso ukuba oko uyakwazi, ukwenzela ukuba uxwebhu olo lufumaneke b Ukuba isithuba esinikiweyo asanelanga, nceda qhubeleka kwiphepha elahlukileyo kwaye ulunamathisele kule fomu. Umceli kufuneka asayine kuwo onke amaphepha ongezelelweyo.
E. Intlawulo a Isicelo sokufikeleleka kuxwebhu ngaphandle koxwebhu oluqulethe iinkcukacha ngawe siya kuqhutywa kuphela emva kokubhatalwa kwentlawulo eceliweyo.
b Uya kwaziswa ngesimbuku ekufuneka sihlawulwe njengentlawulo eceliweyo.
c Intlawulo emele ukuhlawulwa kuxwebhu ixhomekeka kwifomu apho ukuba nokufikeleleka kufunekayo kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo elifunekayo ukwenza uphando kunye nokulungiselela uxwebhu.
Ukuba uthintelwa bubulwelwe bokungakwazi ukufunda, ukukhangela okanye ukumamela kuxwebhu lwefomu yokufikeleleka enikiweyo ku-1 ukuya ku-4 ngasezantsi, xela ubulwelwe bakho uze ubonise ukuba uxwebhu lufuneka kweyiphi ifomu.
a Ukuvumelana nesicelo sakho sokufikeleleka kwifomu ebaluliweyo kunokuxhomekeka kwifomu apho uxwebhu lufumaneka khona.
b Ukufikeleleka kwifomu eceliweyo kunokwaliwa kwiimeko ezithile. Kwimeko enjalo uya kuthi waziswe ukuba ukufikeleleka kuya kunikwa kwenye ifomu.
c Intlawulo ehlawulwayo yokufikeleleka kuxwebhu ukuba ikhona , ubuncinane bayo buya kuboniswa yifomu apho ukufikeleleka bucelwayo.
Oku kuquka iifoto, ifoto efakwa kumatshini, ushicilelo lwevidiyo, umfanekiso owenziwe ngekhompyutha, imizobo, njalo njalo.
Ukuba ucele ikopi okanye ukhutshelo loxwebhu (ngasentla), ingaba ufuna ikopi okanye ukhutshelo ukuba luposelwe kuwe?
Qaphela okokuba ngaba uxwebhu alufumaneki ngolwimi olukhethayo, ukufikeleleka kunokunikwa ngolwimi uxwebhu olufumaneka ngalo.
Uya kwaziswa ngokubhalwe phantsi ukuba isicelo sakho sivunyiwe / sikhatyiwe. Ukuba unqwenela ukwaziswa ngenye indlela, nceda uyibalule kwaye unike iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ukuze ube nako ukufumana ukhutshelo ngesicelo sakho.
Ukhetha ukwaziswa njani ngesigqibo malunga nesicelo sokufikeleleka kuxwebhu?
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UMTHETHO WOLAWULO MATYALA EZOLIMO (2001).txt</fn>
Ukuncedisa ekuphunyezweni kwalo Mthetho, ekumiliseleni Ingxowamali yoLawulo Matyala emboleko, umkhomba ndlela wokusetyenziswa kwengxowamali nje ngendlela yolawulo zimali zobhatalo matyala ezolimo, ulawulo lwezimali ezikwingxowamali, ukucacisa injongo yokusetyenziswa kwezimali ezikule ngxowamali, ukumilisela uphengululo zincwadi noniko ngxelo ngale ngxowamali, ukubhekisa kwizinto ezininzi ezinxulumene nemvumelwano zokutyala imali, inzala matyala, ukubhataliswa nokucinywa kwamatyala, ubhaliso lweebhondi nobunini mhlaba, nokulungiselela yonke imicimbi enxulumene nokufana noku.
ingxowamali ithetha Umthetho Wolawulo Matyala Ezolimo njengoko kubhalwe kwicandelo 3.
isivumelwano ithetha nasiphi isivumelwano nokuba sesomlomo okanye sesibhaliweyo esinxulumene nokwenza ityala, nakuphina ukuzibophelela komntu etyala uRhulumente.
Umthetho weMboleko Wezolimo uthetha uMthetho weMboleko Wezolimo (Umthetho nombolo 28 ka 1966).
ukukwelita kuthetha namalini na ubani ayityala uRhulumente ngendlela yoncedo lwemali nokuba yirente okanye imali nzala enxulumene noMthetho weziKweliti Zezolimo, noMthetho Woncedo lwamaFama amaKhaladi , okanye indlela zoncedo ngezimali, kudityaniswa nayiphi na imali eyimboleko nokuba yirente okanye imali nzala entsusa yayo iyimboleko elolu hlobo.
isebe Kuthethwa iSebe leZolimo.
Mlawuli Jikelele kuthetha uMlawuli Jikelele weli sebe.
isikimu soncedo lwemali kuthethwa nayiphi inkxaso, imboleko naluphi na uncedo ngokwezimali oluvela kweli Sebe.
Mphathiswa kuthethwa uMphathiswa omelet iSebe leZolimo kurhulumente jikelele.
igosa kuthethwa igosa njengoko kuchazwa kwicandelo 1 loMthetho Wolawulo lwabaSebenzi basebuRhulumenteni, 1994 (Saziso nombolo 103 ka 1994).
UMthetho woLawulo lweMali Zesizwe" kuthetha uMthetho woLawulo lweMali Zesizwe, 1999 (Umthetho nombolo 1 ka 1999) kunye irhafu" kuthethwa irhafu okanye intlawulo ebizwa liSebe ngokusetyenziswa komhlaba.
UMphathiswa nguye onoxanduva lolawulo lwalo Mthetho.
Ngokubhekiselele kwisibonelelo secandelwano 3, uMphathiswa angathumela ngokwamandla ache ngokuvunyelwa nguMthetho naliphi na igosa alinyulileyo kwiSebe lakhe.
Nawuphina umyalelo okanye umsebenzi onokwenziwa okanye uthunywe phantsi kwemvume yecandelo 5 ungathunywa kuphela igosa elilawulayo lezimali kwisebe eli onikwe eso sikhundla phantsi koMthetho woLawulo lweMali Zesizwe.
UMphathiswa kufuneka ethume igosa leli sebe ukuba liwuphathe loMthetho, kwaye elo gosa kufuneka lincediswe ngamanye amagosa kangangoko kuyimfuneko ukuba kuphunyezwe lo mthetho.
Ngokubhekiselele kwisibonelelo secandelwano 3 uMphathi Jikelele angathumela ngokwamandla ache naliphi na igosa phantsi kwecandelwano 4 okanye naliphi na igosa elinokuncedisa elo alithumayo.
Ingxowamali yeMboleko yeZolimo egcinwe phantsi kwemeko zecandelo 20A loMthetho weMboleko yeZolimo, usasebenza nakuba warhoxiswa kwaye uza kwaziwa ngokuba yiNgxowamali yoLawulo Matyala eMboleko eZolimo.
a imali ezikwelitwa Ingxowamali Matyala eMboleko eZolimo kanye phambi kosuku lokuqulunqwa okanye ezizuzwe nje ngentlawulo yetyala phantsi okanye ngenxa yokusungulwa koMthetho woLawulo Matyala eZolimo.
b Izimali ezizuzwe phambi kwalo mhla nje ngentlawulo yamatyala phantsi okanye ngenxa yokusungulwa koMthetho Woncedo lwamaFama angamaKhaladi.
Mboleko eZolimo ngalo mhla, afunyanwa lisebe nje ngentlawulo yetyala phantsi okanye ngenxa yezikimu zoncedo ngezimali okanye nje ngerhafu.
Ezibhekiselele kubutyala obuchazwe kwicandelwana ngomhla wokusungulwa kwalo Mthetho.
Umphathi Jikelele nguye ongumlawuli wale ngxowamali.
Le ngxowamali iyaphelelwa ibhange xa onke amatyala ehlawulekile okanye ecinyiwe ngokwemigaqo yalo Mthetho nemali eziyintsalela kule ngxowa zithe zanikezelwa kwiPalamente.
Ukubolekisa nokuHlawula ingxowamali.
i esihlawuleke ngempazamo kule ngxowamali ii ongasityali uRhulumente, okanye iii esimbuyekezo ekwasisibonelelo esiluncedo kuRhulumente d Nayiphi na imali ezinekezelwe e Palamente zisetyenziselwe izizathu zezolimo nezinye, ekufuneka nakanjani zitshintshelwe kwiNgxowa yeNgeniso yeSizwe ngokwecandelo 5.
Zonke imali ezifunyanwa liSebe njengentlawulo okanye uqokelelo mali zamatyala ngaphandle kwezi kubhekiswe kuzo phantsi kwecandelwana mazilondolozwe phantsi kweNgxowa yeNgeniso yeSizwe.
a Bhanki yoGcino Zimali Zesizwe b Ngokwemvume yoMphathiswa emva kokubonisana noMphathiswa weSebe leZimali zingagcinwa nakwiyiphi ibhanki ebhalisiweyo ngokusemthethweni nguNobhala weMizi Yolondolozo Zimali.
b UMphathsiwa ngokwemvisiswano noMphathiswa weSebe leZimali uyaluvumela olo khuphelo.
a Luyavunywa nguMphathiswa kwaye b Lungeniswe Kubalawuli Bezemali ubuncinane inyanga ezintathu phambi kokuqalisa konyaka mali okanye ukuthiwa thaca kolungelelwaniso lothelekelelo nkcitho ePalamente.
UMphathi Jikelele kufuneka ezigcinile ezo ncwadi elugcinweni olulodwa njengoko kungumthetho wolondolozo zimali nanjengoko kulindelekile ngokoMthetho Wolondolozo Zimali Zoluntu, ukuze kucace ubume bengxowa ngokungathandabuzekiyo.
Nasiphi na isivumelwano esisasebenzayo kancinci ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukusebenza lo Mthetho nesichaphazeleka nqo okanye ngokungathanga nqo ngokwetyala onalo, sihlala sinembophelelo kulowo usenzileyo ngokwasemthethweni kwaye sikubophelela nasemva kokurhoxiswa phantsi nasemva kwalo Mthetho.
Naziphi na izibhambathiso ezichaphazela umthetho orhoxisiweyo kwicandelwana , uthathwa njengosasebenzayo kwaye ungasetyenziswa ingathi awurhoxiswanga, njengoko uchaphazela ngokuthe nqo nokungathanga nqo uyimbophelelo kwizivumelwano ezibhaliweyo kwelo candelwano lichaziweyo.
Nakuphi ukumisa ngomhlaba, imeko okanye isithinteli esinxulumene nesikweliti semali nomise ngaso ngempahla engasukiyo enje ngomhlaba ngomhla wokuqaliswa kwalo Mthetho, inembophelelo ezingagungqiyo nokuba umthetho ungade urhoxiswe enanimiselene ngawo ngalo mhlaba okanye ezomeko zalo nto wawumise ngayo.
zisasebenza kwaye kungamiswa ngazo kwimboleko yokumisa ngebhondi, kwiimeko okanye izithintelo ekubhaliswe phantsi kwazo itayitile yomhlaba, zibonwa nje ngezisemthethweni kwaye zingathathwa ingathi akurhoxiswanga mthetho.
YaBantu abangamaKhaladi yoNcedo yeZolimo' 'uNobhala' naye nawuphi umntu okanye igosa elisemthethweni okanye onesivumelwano ekubhekiswe kuso kwicandelwana okanye okanye ngokomthetho okanye kwibhondi, kwimeko okanye izithintelo ekubhekiswe kuzo kwicandelwana okanye mazithathwe nje ngomnxeba wonxibelelwano kuMphathiswa angathi asebenzise amandla akhe awanikiweyo ukuqubisana nalo mntu.
U Mphathi Jikelele a kufuneka ethe rhoqo elandelela ukuhlawulwa kwamatyala aqonde aphande nayiphi imeko engaxaba endleleni yokuhlawulwa kwetyala ngexesha.
b Aqaphelisise konke abamise ngako ababolekwe izimali c Aqokelele agqogqe abo basemva kwintlawulo matyala d Angathimba impahla ephathekayo ezama ukuhlawula amatyala angahlawulwayo evunyelwa zimeko zalo Mthetho, yaye e Engasebenzisa nawaphi amandla engathatha nawaphi amanyathelo ekufuneka ewathathile ngokunxulumene netlawulo matyala esebenzela ukulondoloza imali kaRhulumente.
Jikelele phantsi kwecandelwana kufuneka kwamsinya kangangoko anakho ayibhalise egameni likaRhulumente weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika.
a Angayicima imali oyibambayo etyaleni b Oko kucima angakwenza ngokulandela izimiso ezibhalwe kuMthetho Wolawulo lweMali zeSizwe nepolisi emiswe liSebe.
U Mphathisa Jikelele usenokuthi elawulwa ziimeko a Avumelane naye nabani na ukuba aqokelele imali zamatyala asemva athathe nawaphi na amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukuba ezo mali ziyahlawuleka.
b Anyule nabani ukuba ammele apho kubanjwe khona intengiso yasesidlangalaleni apho kuthengiswa izinto zomntu othinjiweyo kuzanywa ukubuyiswa kwemali kaRhulumente. Lo mntu egameni lakhe ammele ngokuthenga nokuthengisa egameni likaRhulumente.
Imali yentlawulo okanye yenkcitho edalwe ngulo mntu selechazwe apha kwicandelwana ingabhatalwa ngemali ephuma kule mali yeli tyala.
Akukho ntlawulo yarhafu iyimfuneko ngobhaliso naziphi na imali phantsi kwecandelwana.
Zogximfiso, 1968 (Mthetho nombolo 77 ka 1968) azichaphazeli nasiphi isivumelwano esikhoyo okanye ekungenwe kuso emva kokuba uMthetho sowusekiwe.
ImiThetho echaziweyo kolu luhlu iyarhoxiswa ngendlela ecacisiweyo kwimiqolo elandelayo njengoko kubhaliwe kwintsika yesithathu.
Lo Mthetho kuthiwa nguMthetho Wolawulo Matyala eZolimo, 2001, kwaye uya kuqala ukusebenza ngomhla oyakutyunjwa nguMongameli ngokwesaziso kwiGazethi.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UMYOLELO (2005).txt</fn>
Akukho suntswana leli nqaku elinokukhutshwa kwakhona okanye lidluliselwe nangaluphi na uhlobo okanye nangaziphi iindlela ngaphandle kwemvume efunekayo ebhaliweyo.
a Xa umfi engakhange axele ukuba ipropati yakhe mayidluliselwe ngemyolelo okanye ngesivumelwano saphambi komtshato; okanye b Apho kungakwazekiyo ukuphumeza iminqweno yongasekhoyo ngenxa yokuba iindlalifa, umzekelo, azikwazi ukulithatha ilifa okanye azinqweneli ukulithatha ilifa okanye zibhubhe phambi kwakhe.
Kuyenzeka ukuba umntu abhubhe engenzanga myolelo konke okanye enze inxalenye yomyolelo. Umzekelo wale myolelo yamva kuxa umfi eshiye inxalenye yelifa lakhe kumyolelo ocacileyo, kodwa angayilungiseleli intsalela. Kwimeko elolu hlobo inxalenye ekwimyolelo, iya kudluliselwa ngokwemigqaliselo nangokuxhomekeka kwimiqathango equlethwe ngumyolelo, ngeli xa intsalela yelifa elingekho kumyolelo iya kudluliselwa ngokwemiqathango yolandelelwano apho kungekho myolelo.
Phambi kwesigqibo kwi- Bhe and Others v Magistrate Khayelitsha and others, Case No 49/03 esagqithiswa yiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko ngowe-15 Okthobha 2004, imiqathango yolandelelwano apho kungekho myolelo yayingasebenzi kwabamnyama ababhubhe bengenzanga myolelo kwaye betshate umtshato wesintu. Isigqibo se-Bhe sikutshintshile oku ngoku, kwaye ngoku amafa abantu bonke nokuba baloluphi uhlanga, isithini inkcubeko yabo, ababhubha bengenzanga myolelo, aya kulawulwa yimiqathango yolandelelwano kwilifa elingenamyolelo njengoko yandlaliwe kumThetho woLandelelwano kwilifa elingenamyolelo, 81 wowe-1987.
Phambi kokuxoxa ngemiqathango yolandelelwano apho kungekho myolelo kufanelekile ukuba sichaze iingqiqo ezithile ezibalulekileyo ukuze siqonde imiqathango.
Ngokweenjongo zeenkcazelo eziza kulandela i-stirpes sithetha umntwana ophilayo kamfi nomntwana osele ebhubhile onenzala. Umntwana obhubhe kuqala kamfi onenzala enye okanye ngaphezulu wenza i-stirpes esinye.
U-C wenza i-stirpes kuba ngumntwana ophilayo kamfi, ngeli xa u-A no-D besenza i-stirpes ngenxa yokuba benenzala ephilayo. U-B akananzala iphilayo ngoko ke akenzi i-stirpes.
Ukumela umntu kuyenzeka, xa kufanelekile naxa kunokwenzeka, ukuba indawo yendlalifa engakwaziyo okanye enganqweneli kuzuza ilifa, ithathwe ngomnye okanye ngabanye benzala yakhe.
Kulo mzekelo ungentla, u-D no-F baya kumela umntwana obhubhileyo kamfi, u-C, ukuba akukho sithintelo sokuba bazuze kmyolelofa likamfi.
Ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo (f) lomThetho woLandelelwano kmyolelofa elingenamyolelo, 1987 njengoko ulungisiwe sisigqibo se-Bhe isabelo somntwana sibalwa ngokwahlula ixabiso lelifa ngokwemali ngenani elilingana nenani lee-stirpes zikamfi (oko kutsho inani labantwana bakamfi abaphilayo okanye ababhubhe phambi kwakhe kodwa benenzala esaphilayo) kwakunye namaqabane omtshato aphilayo kamfi.
Masithi ixabiso lelifa likamfi ngokwemali lingama-R500 000 kwaye unabantwana abathathu abaphilayo kunye nabafazi ababini abatshatwe isintu. Isabelo somntwana siya kubalwa ngolu hlobo: R500 000 Ã· 5 (3 stirpes + 2 amaqabane omtshato) = 100 000. Isabelo somntwana siya kuba li-R100 000.
Ngokubhekiselele kwicandelo 1 (d) lomThetho woLandelelwano kwilifa elingenamyolelo, iqondo lozalwano phakathi kwabegazi bakamfi nomfi lingahlulwa kabini, sithi iqondo lozalwano kwisebe elingqalileyo lomnombo neqondo lozalwano kwelinye isebe lomnombo.
Kwisebe elingqalileyo lomnombo, iqondo lozalwano lilingana nenani lezizukulwana phakathi kwesinyanya nomfi okanye phakathi kwenzala nomfi (ngokwemeko leyo).
Abazali nabantwana bomfi bayazalana bobabini nomfi kwiqondo lokuqala.
Oomawokhulu nabazukulwana bayazalana nomfi kwiqondo lesibini.
Kwelinye isebe lomnombo, iqondo lozalwano lilingana nenani lezizukulwana phakathi kwabegazi nesinyanya esisondeleyo, kunye nenani lezizukulwana phakathi weso sinyanya nomfi.
U-C & D, oomawokhulu ababhubhe kwangaphambili, zezona zinyanya zisondeleyo zika-J no-E (umfi). U-J uzalana nomfi kwiqondo lesihlanu.
Ukwabiwa lwelifa ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho yoLandelelwano kwilifa elingenamyolelo 81 wowe-1987 kungashwankathelwa ngemiqathango elithoba.
Ukuba umfi ushiya iqabane okanye amaqabane omtshato, kodwa kungekho nzala - iqabane okanye amaqabane omtshato ngawo azindlalifa. Kwimeko apho umfi yayingumyeni kwimitshato yesintu engaphezulu kwesinye, amaqabane omtshato asaphilayo aya kuzuza ilifa ngezabelo ezilinganayo.
Iqabane lomtshato elisaphilayo lilo indlalifa apho kungekho myolelo, nokuba ilifa lilixabiso elingakanani.
Ukuba amaqabane omtshato ebetshate apho into yomnye iyeyomnye, iqabane lomtshato liya kufumana isiqingatha ngenxa yokuba betshate umtshato wokwabelana ngento yonke nesinye isiqingatha ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 1 (a) lomThetho 81 wowe-1987.
Ukuba amaqabane omtshato apho ingulowo umntu enezakhe izinto, iqabane eliphilayo liya kuzuza lonke ilifa ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 1 (a) lomThetho 81 wowe-1987.
Apho umfi ebeliqabane kumtshato wesithembu (indoda itshate abafazi abaninzi ngokwesintu) kwaye engashiyanga nzala.
A & B = abazali bomfi; E = umfi; C no-D = amaqabane omtshato wesintu kamfi.
Ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 1 (a) yomThetho wowe-1987, njengoko ulungisiwe sisigqibo seNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko kwi-Bhe and Others v Magistrate Khayelitsha and Others, amaqabane omtshato amabini kamfi (u-C no-D) baya kuzuza izabelo ezilinganayo zelifa aze ashiywe ngaphandle amanye amalungu osapho. Ukuba umfi ushiye ngaphezulu kwamakhosikazi amabini esintu aze angashiyi nzala, ngoko ke onke loo makhosikazi aya kuzuza izabelo ezilinganayo zelifa.
Ukuba umfi akashiyi qabane lomtshato kodwa ushiye inzala - inzala izuza ilifa ngokwe-stirpes kwaye kuvumelekile ukuba umntu amelwe.
Abantwana bakamfi, u-D, E no-F baya kuzuza izabelo ezilinganayo zelifa. Ngenxa yokuba u-E ebhubhe kwangaphambili, inzala yakhe, u- J no-K iya kummela / ize izuze izabelo ezilinganayo zelifa lakhe.
Bonke abantwana bakamfi banelungelo lokuzuza ilifa. Ayenzi mahluko nokuba bazalwe kumtshato wakwamantyi, kumtshato wesintu, ngabantwana abenze abakhe okanye bazalwe ngaphandle komtshato.
Ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 1 lomThetho woLandelelwano kwilifa elingenamyolelo, ubugqakhwe abuchaphazeli into yokuba umntu welinye igazi azuze ilifa kumntu welinye igazi.
Ukuba umfi ushiya iqabane okanye amaqabane omtshato nenzala - iqabane okanye amaqabane omtshato azuza ilifa elikhulu kwi-R125 000 ngeqabane okanye ngesabelo somntwana, inzala iya kuzuza intsalela, ukuba ikhona, ngokwe-stirpes kwaye umelo luvumelekile.
Ukuba ixabiso lelifa lingaphantsi kwe-R125 000, iqabane lomtshato eliphilayo kulo mzekelo ungentla, u-(S) liya kuzuza lonke ilifa kushiywe ngaphandle abantwana namanye amalungu osapho.
Ukuba umfi ibiyindoda kumtshato wesithembu kwaye akakho mnye umfazi ophilayo, kwaye ixabiso lelifa lingaphantsi kwe-R125 000 ngoko ke amaqabane omtshato asaphilayo ayakwabelana ngokulinganayo ngentsalela, kushiywe abantwana namanye amalungu osapho.
Ukuba intsalela eza kwabiwa kumyolelo ingaphezulu kwe-R125 000, iqabane lomtshato elisaphilayo liya kuzuza ilifa le-R125 000 okanye isabelo somntwana, nayiphi na enkulu kwaye intsalela iya kwahlulelwa inzala yomfi ngowe-stirpes kwaye umelo luvumelekile. Xa isetyenziswa kulo mzekelo ungentla, iya kuthetha ukuba u-F, G no-D baya kuzuza ilifa eliyintsalela. Ngenxa yokuba u-D ebhubhe kwangaphambili, ilifa lakhe liya kudluliselwa kwinzala yakhe, u-H no-I. Ukuba u-D akashiyanga nzala, isabelo sakhe siya kwahlulelwa abanye abantwana bomfi, u-F no-G.
Ukuba intsalela emayabiwe ingaphezulu kwe-R125 00 kwaye umfi akashiyanga qabane linye lomtshato (isebenza kuphela kwimeko apho umfi ebengumyeni kumtshato wesintu ongekho mnye), ke iqabane lomtshato ngalinye liya kubanelungelo kwisabelo somntwana okanye i-R125 000 nokuba yeyiphi enkulu, phambi kokuba intsalela yahlulelwe inzala kamfi.
Khumbula ukuba, ukuba amaqabane omtshato ebetshate umtshato wokudibaniselana ngempahla, iqabane elisaphilayo liya kufumana isiqingatha ngenxa yokuba litshate umtshato wokudibaniselana ngempahla nesinye isiqangatha ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 1 (a) yomThetho 81 wowe-1987.
Abantu abatshate phantsi kwenkolo yama-Muslim namaHindu kufuneka bathathwe njengabatshatileyo kwaye banelungelo lokuzuza ilifa likamfi ngokwemigqaliselo yomThetho woLandelelwano kwilifa elingenamyolelo. Lo mqathango usebenza kuphela xa ingumtshato wenkosikazi enye. Banelungelo lokubanga isondlo kumfi. Jonga Daniels v Campbell NO & Others 2004 SA 331 (CC).
Ukuba umfi akashiyi iqabane lomtshato okanye inzala kodwa ashiye abazali bobabini abasaphilayo - abazali baya kuzuza izabelo ezilinganayo.
A & B = abazali bakamfi; C = ubhuti kamfi; E = umfi; S = iqabane likamfi elibhubhe kwangaphambili.
Kumzekelo ongasentla, u-A no-B, abangabazali bakamfi baya kuzuza izabelo ezilinganayo zelifa, zize zishiywe ngaphandle ezinye izizalwane zikamfi.
Qaphela ukuba ayenzi mahluko nokuba abazali bakamfi batshatile, baqhawule umtshato okanye abazange batshate.
Ngokweenjongo zolandelelwano apho kungekho myolelo, abazali bakamfi ngabazali begazi abamzeleyo (ngaphandle kokuba umfi wayenomnye umzali omkhulisileyo ingengabo abazali abamzeleyo.) nabazali abamkhulisileyo. Qaphela ukuba, ukuba umfi wayekhuliswe ngabanye abazali abamenza umntwana wabo, abazali abamzeleyo abathathwa njengabazali bakhe.
Ukuba umfi akashiyi qabane nanzala kodwa ushiya umzali omnye, ngeli xesha umzali obhubhileyo eshiye inzala - umzali ophilayo uzuza isiqingatha selifa ukuze inzala yomzali obhubhileyo izuze esinye isiqingatha selifa.
A = umzali kamfi; B = umzali obhubhe kwangaphambili; C = ubhuti kamfi; D = umntakwabo kwenye indlu; E = umfi; S = iqabane elibhubhe kwangaphambili.
Kulo mzekelo, u-A umzali kamfi ophilayo uya kuzuza isiqingatha sentsalela eyabiwayo, ukuze ubhuti kamfi u-C nomntakwabo wenye indlu u-D, baya kufumana esinye isiqingatha selifa esabiwe ngokulinganayo. U-C no-D bazuza isiqingatha selifa engesizuzwe ngumzali ongasekhoyo ukuba ebesaphila.
Ukuba umfi akashiyi qabane okanye inzala kodwa ushiya umzali omnye ophilayo, ngeli xa umzali ongasekhoyo engashiyanga nayiphi enye inzala - umzali ophilayo nguye kuphela indlalifa.
Kulo mzekelo, u-A umzali kamfi osaphilayo nguye kuphela indlalifa.
Ukuba umfi akashiyi qabane okanye inzala okanye abazali, ngeli xa abazali bobabini beshiye inzala - inzala yabazali ababhubhe kwangaphambili iya kuzuza ilifa eliziziqingatha engezizuzwe ngabazali abo.
Ngenxa yokuba umfi engashiyanga qabane, inzala okanye abazali, ilifa licandwa libe ziziqingatha ezibini - "umama" isiqingatha no "tata" isiqingatha. Isiqingatha somzali ngasinye sidluliselwa kwinzala yakhe. Kumzekelo ongasentla, isabelo sika-A siya kudlulela ku-C okukuphela komntwana wakhe ophilayo, ngeli xa isabelo sika-B siya kudluliselwa ku-C no-D ngokulinganayo. U-C uya kuzuza ilifa ku-A no-B ngeli xa u-D azuza kuphela ku-B.
Ukuba umfi akashiyanga qabane okanye inzala okanye abazali, ngeli xa emnye kuphela kubazali bakhe ababhubhe kwangaphambili oshiye inzala - inzala yomzali oshiye inzala, yiyo kuphela indlalifa.
Kumzekelo ongasentla abazali bobabini babhubhile kwaye mnye umzali, u-B oshiye inzala. U-D, umntakwabomfi komnye umzali uya kuzuza lonke ilifa.
Ukuba umfi akashiyi qabane okanye inzala okanye abazali okanye inzala yabazali -ilifa lizuzwa ngosondeleyo ngegazi.
Kumzekelo ongasentla, u-F, umalume kamfi nguye osondeleyo ngokwegazi, uzalana nomfi kwiqondo lesithathu ngoko ke uya kuzuza yonke intsalela yelifa. U-G uzalana no-E kwiqondo lesine, aze u-H azalane no-E kwiqondo lesihlanu. U-G no-H bobabini abasayi kuzuza lifa ku-E.
Umntu usenokubhubha engenamyolelo, engashiyanga namntu onokuzuza ilifa lakhe. Ngokomthetho wethu ongabhalwanga lonke elo lifa liwela kuMbuso/ uRhulumente. Lo mbandela ngoku ulawulwa ngamacandelo 35 nama-92 oMthetho woLawulo lwaMafa 66 wowe- 1965. Inkqubo ithi apho iindlalifa zelifa elingenamyolelo zingaziwayo okanye apho zingekhoyo iindlalifa zelifa elingenamyolelo, umabi welifa ujika ilifa elingenamyolelo libe yimali ukuze emva kokuhlawula amatyala kamfi, ayifake intsalela kwiNgxowa-mali yoMgcini. Ukuba akukho mntu ukwaziyo ukunika ubungqina bokuba unebango kule mali njengendlalifa yelifa elingenamyolelo, kuya kuthi emva kweminyaka angama-30 emva kokuba imali yayihlawulwe kwiNgxowa-mali yoMgcini, lo mali iya kuba yeyombuso / yekarhulumente.
UMphathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo upapasha iinkcukacha ezinxulumene nemali kumafa angenamyolelo ehlawulwa kwiNgxowa-mali yoMgcini amaxesha ngamaxesha kwimibandela engeyoyesiqhelo kwiGazethi kaRhulumente ukuze abantu abanomdla bayibange njengeendlalifa zelifa elingenamyolelo zamafa abantu ababhubhileyo.
Icandelo 1 lithi: "Ukuba inzala kamfi, ngaphandle komntwana omncinci okanye inzala egula ngengqondo, ikunye neqabane elisaphilayo likamfi inelungelo lokuzuza kmyolelofa elingenamyolelo, incama ilungelo layo kulo nzuzo, loo nzuzo iya kunikwa iqabane elisaphilayo."
b Indlalifa efuna ukuncama ilungelo layo kmyolelofa akufuneki ibe ngumntwana okanye umntu ogula ngengqondo.
c Indlalifa neqabane elisaphilayo kufuneka bobabini babenelungelo kwinzuzo ngokwemigqaliselo yemiqathango yolandelelwano kwilifa elingenamyolelo.
d Iqabane elisaphilayo liya kufumana ilifa lendlalifa elincamayo ilifa layo.
Icandelo 1 : "Ukuba umntu ukhutshiwe elungelweni lokuba yindlalifa kmyolelofa elingenamyolelo likamfi, okanye uyalincama ilungelo lakhe, inzuzo engeyifumene ukuba ebengakhutshwanga okanye ebengalincamanga ilungelo lakhe, kuya kuthi, phantsi kwamagatya ecandelwana idluliswe ngokungathi ubhubhe phambi komfi , kwaye ukuba iyasebenza loo nto, ibe ngathi zange akhutshwe."
a Indlalifa akuphelelanga ukuba ibe yinzala kamfi.
b Indlalifa kufuneka ikhutshwe okanye ilincame ilifa layo engenelungelo lalo ngokwemigqaliselo yemiqathango yolandelelwano kwilifa elingenamyolelo.
c Ukuba indlalifa ikhutshiwe okanye iyincamile inzuzo ithathwa ngokungathi ibhubhe phambi komfi, kwaye umntu olandelayo kuluhlu nguye oza kuzuza ilifa elingenamyolelo, ngaphandle kokuba kusebenza igatya lecandelwana 6.
a Akukho qabane lomtshato elisaphilayo lizuza ilifa elingenamyolelo. Indlalifa ikhutshiwe okanye iyalincama ilifa, ishiya inzala.
b Iqabane lomtshato elisaphilayo liyindlalifa kunye nenye indlalifa ekhutshiweyo okanye encame inzuzo ngokwemigqaliselo yemiqathango yolandelelwano kmyolelofa elingenamyolelo.
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Ngokwengxelo yoMbutho weMpilo weLizwe (World Health Organization) ngemizuzwana esibhozo kufa umntu ebulawa kukusetyenziswa kwecuba. Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abaqala ukutshaya besekwiminyaka engaphaya nje kwelishumi (njengoko bengaphezu kwamakhulu asi-70 eshumini aqala kuloo ntanga) ze baqhube isithuba iminyaka emashumi mabini okanye ngaphezulu baya kufa beminyaka yobudala ingama-20 ukuya kuma-25 kunabo bangazange batshaye. Asingomhlaza wemiphunga kuphela okanye isifo sentliziyo ezenza iingxaki ezinkulu zokugula okanye ukufa. Apha ngasezantsi kudweliswe ezinye iziphumo zokutshaya ezingabalulwa kakhulu, ukusuka entloko ukya eluzwaneni.
Ukumka kweenwele: Ukutshaya kwenza inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba ibe buthathaka, nto leyo eshiya umzimba usesichengeni sezifo ezinje ngelupus erythematosus, ezinokwenza ukulahlekelwa ziinwele, izilonda emlonyeni nokugubhuka ebusweni, entlonzeni yentloko nasezandleni.
Umlanga cataracts: Kukholeleka ukuba ukutshaya kwenza okanye kwenza mandundu iimeko zamehlo. Umgangatho wokuba nomlanga ukuthi rhatye kwesilanga esisitha ukukhanya nokunokukhokhelela ebumfameni kubantu abatshayayo ungaphezulu ngama-40 eshumini kowabantu abangatshayiyo. Ukutshaya kwenza umlanga ngeendlela ezimbini: ngokuthukuthezela ilihlo nangokukhupha iikhemikhali ziye emiphungeni ezithi ke zihambe ngomthombo wegazi ziye emehlweni. Ukutshaya kukwayanyaniswa nokuhla komgangatho wemacula okuhambelana nobudala ngeminyaka, esisifo samehlo esinganyangekiyo esenziwa kukuphelelwa kwe komphakathi weretina, owaziwa ngokuba yimacula. Umsebenzi wemacula kukujolisa imbono esesazulwini elihlwni kwaye ilawula ukuba nakho kwethu ukufunda, ukuqhuba imoto, ukuqaphela ubuso okanye imibala, nokubona ingcombolo zezinto.
Ukushwabana kobuso: Ukutshaya kugugisa ubuso ngokukhawuleza ngokugugisa iiproteni ezikwenza ukuba bukhululeke, kubuphelise njengovitamin A kukwathintela nokuhamba kwegazi. Ubuso babantu abatshayayo bomile, bulushica kwaye bukrolwe ngemigcana emincinci, ngakumbi ngakwiindawo ezithambileyo nangasemehlweni.
Ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngeendlebe: Kuba ukutshaya kwenza uqweqwe kumagumbi eeveseli zegazi, nto leyo enciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi eliya kumphakathi wendlebe, abantu abatshayayo bangalahlekana nokuva ngeendlebe kwangoko kunabo bangatshayiyo kwaye kulula ukuba bafumane ubuthulu obenziwa kukosuleleka kwendlebe okanye yingxolo eninzi. Abantu abatshayayo banamathuba amathathu kwelinye lokufumana ukosuleleka komphakathi wendlebe kunabo bantu bangatshayiyo. Oku kosuleleka kungakhokhelela ekwenzeni iimeko nzima, iimeko ezifana nemeningitis nokushwabana kobuso.
Umhlaza wesikhumba: Ukutshaya akwenzi malanoma uhlobo lomhlaza wesikhumba esinokubangela ukufa ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa kuyawandisa amathuba okubulawa nguwo. Abatshayi basemngciphekweni ophindaphindwe kabini wokuba nomhlaza weseli oyicutaneus squamous- umhlaza oshiya iindunduma ezibomvu ezinamaxolo esikhumbeni.
Ukubola kwamazinyo: Ukutshaya kuphazamisana nenkqubo yomlomo, kutsho kudaleke uqweqwe, amazinyo atyhelinto ezo ezengezelela ekuboleni kwamazinyo. Abatshayi banethuba elinye elinesiqingatha bokulahlekelwa ngamazinyo abo, ngaphezu kwabanye.
I-emphysema: Ukongeza kumhlaza wemiphunga, ukutshaya kunokubangela i-emphysema, ukudumba nokukrazuka kweengxowa zomoya wemiphunga ezinciphisa amandla emiphunga okuthatha i-oksijini ikhuphe ikhabhondayoksayidi. Kwiimeko ezingaphaya kusetyenziswa itrakhayostromi ukuncedisa umguli abe nokuphefumla. Kuvulwa umngxuma ngokusika uqhoqhoqho kuvulwe indawo yokunyanzelisa umoya ukuba ungene emiphungeni jonga umfanekiso. Isifo semibhobho yemiphunga esingapheliyo asiboniswanga sidala ukwakheka komkhunyu onobomvu, okuzala ukukhohlela okubuhlungu nokuphefumla nzima.
I-Osteoporosis: Ikhabon monoksayidi, eyeyona gesi inobungozi kumsi we-exhaust yemoto nakumsi wesigarethi, ibopheleleka egazini ngokulula kune-oksijini, isike amandla okuthwala i-oksijini yegazi lomntu otshaya kakhulu kangange-15 eshumini. Ngenxa yoko amathambo omntu otshayayo aphelelwa ngamandla, ophuka lula ze athathe ixesha elibude bungama-80 ekhulwini phambi kokuba amile. Abatshayi bangasesichengeni seengxaki zomqolo: olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba abasebenzi basezifektri abatshayayo banamathuba aphindwe kahlanu, okuba neentlungu zomqolo emva kokulimala.
Isifo sentliziyo: Omnye kubantu abathathu ababhubhayo elizweni liphela, ubulawa zizifo ezihambelana nesifo sentliziyo. Ukutshaya yenye yezinto ezingumgcipheko omkhulu ekukhuliseni izifo zentliziyo. Ezi zifo zibulala ngaphezu kwezigidi zabantu ngonyaka kumazwe asakhulayo. Izifo zentliziyo ezidalwa kukutshaya zibulala ngaphezu kwama-600 000 abantu ngonyaka kumazwe asel'ekhulile. Ukutshaya kwenza ukuba intliziyo ibethe ngamandla, yonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi ze yandise umngcipheko woxinzelelo kunye noonothumela begazi eliya entliziyweni bevalekileyo ze ekugqibeleni idale isifo sentliziyo nokushwabana komzimba okanye ilungu lomzimba.
Izilonda ezisesiswini: Ukutshaya kunciphisa ukuxhathisa ekulweni iintsholongwane ezenza izilonda esiswini. Ikwathothisa namandla esisu okuba nokudumaza i-asidi emva kwesidlo, itsho ishya i-asidi isidla ulwantwentwe olukhusele isisu. Kunzima ukunyanga izilonda ezisesiswini kubatshayi kwaye kulula ukuba zibuyele kwakhona.
Iminwe emdaka embatshileyo: Itha esemsini wesigarethi uqokoleleka eminweni nasezinzitsheni zeminwe, uzingcolise zibe sabumdaka-butyheli.
Umhlaza wesibeleko nokuphuncuka ukuphuma kwesisu: Ngaphandle kokwandisa amathuba okuba nomhlaza wesibeleko nomhlaza womlomo wesizalo, ukutshaya kudala iingxaki ezihambelana nokuchumela ukuzala kumabhinqa, ubunzima ngexesha lokukhulelwa nangexesha lokuzala. Ukutshaya komntu okhulelweyo kwandisa umngcipheko weentsana ezinobunzima obusezantsi neziphumo zezigulo kwikamva lazo. Ukuphuncuka kwesisu kuxhaphake ngaphezulu ngamathuba ama-2 ukuya kwama-3 kubatshayi, njengoko kunjalo nokuzalwa kweentsana eseziswelekile ngenxa yokunqatyelwa kwefithasi into engekazalwa, yi-oksijini. Kunye neemeko ezingaqhelekanga zeplasenta umkhaya ezikhuthazwa yikhabhon monoksayidi kunye nenenikhothini ekumsi weesigarethi. Iimpawu ezalatha unobangela wokufa kweentsana ezibomvu ngesaquphe kubandakanywa nokutshaya. Ngaphaya koko, ukutshaya kungehlisa izinga le-estrogen nto leyo eyanza ukuyeka ukuya enyangeni ukuhlamba ngaphambi kwexesha.
Idlozi/izipem elikhubazekileyo: Ukutshaya kungenza ukukhubazeka kwezipem ze kwenzakalise iDNA yazo nto leyo enokukhokhelela ekuphuncukeni kwesisu neziphene ekuzaleni. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba amadoda atshayayo anamathuba amaninzi okuzifumanisa engootata babantwana abanomhlaza. Ukutshaya kukwanciphisa inani /ubukhali bezipem kukwanciphisa nokuthululeka kwegazi ebudodeni, nto leyo engadala ukungavukelwa bubudoda.. Ukungabi nakuzala kuxhaphakile kubantu abatshayayo.
IPsorassis: Abatshayi banamathuba amabini ukuya kwamathathu ukuba abe nepsoriasis, imeko engosuleliyo yokufufuka kwesikhumba eshiya mabala arhawuzelayo, abomvu navuzayo kuwo wonke umzimba wakho.
Umhlaza: Ngaphezu kwama-40 ezinto ezisemsini wecuba ziboniswe ukuba zenza umhlaza. Abatshayi banamathuba angama-22 ukuba babe nomhlaza wemiphunga 16a ngaphezu kwabo bangatshayiyo. Kwaye ngokwezifundo eziliqela, okukhona lilide ixesha umntu etshaya kokukhona uya uba mkhulu umngcipheko wokuba nezinye iindidi zomhlaza, kubandakanya nomhlaza wempumlo ngaphezulu ngokuphindwe ka-2 16b; ulwimi 16c: umlomo, idlala lamathe namakrini amaxesha a-6 ukuya kwangama-27: umqala amaxesha ali-12; ummizo amaxesaha asi-8 ukuya kwali-10; ingqula amaxesha ali-10 ukuya kwali-18; isisu amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwama-3; izintso amaxesha ama-516d; isinyi amaxesha ama-3: upenisi amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwama3; ipakriyasi amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwama-516e; ubhobhosi kandonci amaxesha ama-3:ze umva amaxesha ama-5 ukuya kwama-6.
Ezinye izifundo zifumanise unxibelelwano phakathi kokutshaya kunye nomhlaza webele 16f.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UNGATHANDA UKUKHE UKHANGELE.txt</fn>
Uvumelekile ume kwelona thala leencwadi loluntu lidala emaZantsi e-Afrika -mhlawumbi elona thala leencwadi loluntu ludala olusasindileyo e-Afrika.
Umrhumo wencwadi esisiseko wanikezelwa kuthi ngo-7161 kwaye ithala leencwadi lazinziswa ngo-1818, imali ibifumaneka ngeenzuzo zerhafu yewayini eziqaliswe yiRhuluneli uLord Charles Somerset. Injongo yethala leencwadi ngoko yayi "kukugcina inzame zolwazi ngaphakathi kufutshane nolutsha lwale mbombo inxwemayo yeGlobhu."
Namhlanje, sisebenza njengelungu leThala leencwadi leSizwe loMzantsi Afrika kwaye nanjengesango lolwazi kwi-Afrika iphela. Nanjengesingqiniso sesizwe nethala leencwadi elilondoloziweyo, izixhobo zethu fanele zlikhangelwe kwisindululo esisisiseko sengxoxo. Iindawo ezininzi zivaliwe, kodwa wamkelekile ngamandla ukuba ujonge kwizithuba zikawonkewonke kwesisakhiwo sinika umdla sidala ngoku zikhenkethela uzikhokela ngokunokwakho.
Igumbi okanye indlu ebonisa imisebenzi yobugcisa ngasekhohlo legumbi elikhulu ekulindelwa kulo ukuqaliswa komdlalo, umculo okanye umboniso-bhanyabhanya usebenze njengeMuziyam yoMzantsi Afrika ukuya kutsho ngo-1897 xa babehambela isindululo sabo esisisiseko sengxoxo kwincam esemzantsi e-Avenyu kaRhulumente. "Umphongoma wencwadi" wezi mini wakhiwa ngo-1971 ukubamba into eninzi eyeyethu eyandayo negumbi ngokunokwalo kungoku nje lizaliswe ziimephu, imifanekiso nemibhalo-ngqangi yethu eyiNgqokelela eyodwa. Khawukhe ujonge kwimephu emangalisayo evelisweyo ebonisa nekuncedayo kwezinye zeencwadana. Ezi kunye nezinye iimveliso zobuchule zikhona ukuthengiswa ngamaxabiso afanelekileyo.
Thabatha isinyusi, zenze ngathi ulucango, kumboniso wethu wegumbi okanye indlu ebonisa imisebenzi yobugcisa kumgangatho wokuqala. Kukho umboniso oqaqambileyo weencwadi zabantwana baseMzantsi Afrika eziboniswayo kwaye uza kufumana nawe ifoto ethathwe kufuphi ebalaseleyo yenqebesha eyintloko ngaphezulu neGumbi lokuFundela ngasezantsi.
Buyela kwizitepisi zakho wehlise indlela yokuhamba , dlula iGumbi lokuKhangela uye kwiGumbi lokuFundela. Likwaziwa njengeGumbi elimbombo-sibhozo (Octagonal Room), kulapho abasebenzisi bethu badlana indlebe khona nengqokelela enkulukazi yezixhobo. Isitafu esesinamava sifumana kwakhona izixhobo kwindawo eziyi-11 zokugcina (1.7 yamahekhthare) kwesi sakhiwo sikuzisele etafileni yakho -maxa wambi kangange mizuzu eyi-6 esicelo sakho usifakile. Izixhobo ezivela kwezinye iindawo ezintathu zokugcina esixekweni ahanjiselwa kwiGumbi lokuFundela kube kanye ngemini. Izibonelelo zethu zokufumana iingqokelela, izixhobo ezigciniswe ngokusemthethweni ukusukela ngo-1873 kude kube ngoku kwakunye nemiyalelo ebalaseleyo neminikelo ingakwazisa ngephepha lokuqala elashicilelwayo eMzantsi Afrika, eyakhanyisa okwakungekashicilelwa kwamaxesha aphakathi, eGazethi kaRhulumente wayizolo okanye incwadi yamabali yakamva nje yesiXhosa yolutsha.
Ukuba ungathanda ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nathi, kukhona isikhokelo esicacisayo esifumaneka kwigumbi elikhulu ekulindwa kulo ukuqaliswa komdlalo, umculo okanye umboniso-bhanyabhanya exabisa ama-R40.00. Kwakhona ungatyelela isikhundla sethu sonxibelelwano ngekhompyutha kwa www.nlsa.ac.za.
Siyabulela ngotyelelo lwakho. Inqaku lokugqibela elinika umdla singathanda ukugqalisa kuwe njengoko unduluka, noko wenze inguqulelo kwiBhokisi yemiNikelo phaya kwigumbi elikhulu ekulindelwa kulo ukuqaliswa komdlalo, umculo okanye umboniso-bhanyabhanya.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UNIKEZO ZIMBASA NGOKUPHATHELENE NEMIBA YEZAMANZI (2005).txt</fn>
Icandelo lezamanzi kwiSebe lemiCimbi yaManzi namaHlathi eMzantsi Afrika, ngokubambisana neKomishoni yoPhandonzulu kwimiba yezamanzi neZiko lezaManzi eMzantsi Afrika zibamba unikezo lweembasa kumakhosikazi ngokuphathelene nezamanzi.
Eyona ndawo ingundoqo edlalwa ngamakhosikazi ngokuphathelelene emanzini kukutshatyalaliswa kobuhlwempu, uphuhliso lwemfundo nogcino kuzo zombini indawo zokuhlala ezasedolophini nezasemaphandleni.
Imfundo nokuqonda; kunye noLawulo nokwenziwa komGaqo-nkqubo.
Abantu abamiselwe izinto ukulungiselela ezindidi mhlawumbi angazimela okanye babeliqela. Iimbasa ziza kunikezwa kumakhosikazi aneso sidima, amakhosikazi aphume izandla emsebenzini wawo, nawenze igalelo elibalulekileyo kwicandelo lamanzi eMzantsi Afrika.
Impembelelo yokulunga kanye.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_URHULUMENTE WEPHONDO LASEMNTLA KOLONI 1.txt</fn>
Ukuzimisela koMzantsi Afrika kwilungelo lokufikelela kulwazi kuhlonipha kwaye kunyanzelwa ngumgaqo-siseko ukuba wenze kubekho ilungelo elingundoqo lokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe nguMbuso okanye ulwazi olugcinwe ngasese.
Lo Mthetho linyathelo elilodwa kuphuhliso eliqwalasela imbali yamahlebo alilifa esilifumene kumashumi-shumi eminyaka omthetho ongemthetho wabambalwa. Ngalo Mthetho sivelisa ukukhanya okuya kwenza kuphele amahlebo kunye nokuthula okuluphawu lwamashumi eminyaka omthetho nolawulo localucalulo.
Umthetho Okhuthaza Ukufikelela kulwazi, Na. 2 wowe 2000, ubonelela ngelungelo lomgaqo siseko llokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe nguMbuso namibutho yangasese njengowona msebenzi wawo ongundoqo.
Eli lungelo liya kuncedisa ukukhuthaza ukubaselubala, ukuba noxanduva nokuphathwa kwemibutho kawonke-wonke neyangasese.
Kwakhona ukwaqhubeka ukwakha isiseko sethu ekukhuthaleleni ukukhuthaza intlalo apho abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bakwazi ukusebenzisa nokukhusela onke amalungelo abo.
Igunya elinikwe urhulumente wethu ngabantu beli lizwe kukuba atshintshe izinto, zinto ezo ziya kuphucula impilo yabo bonke aboMzantsi Afrika. Umthetho uya kongeza ngokucacileyo kwisiseko esomeleleyo esakha phezu kwaso ukuze sifikelele kulawulo olunoxanduva oluvokothekileyo.
Umsebenzi ongundoqo woMthetho wokuFikelela kulwazi wowe-2000, owaziswa ngeyoKwindla 2001 kukwenza isimo sentlalo apho abantu boMzantsi Afrika banendlela yokufikelela kwilungelo lokufikelela kulwazi. Lo mthethwana uvumela bonke aboMzantsi Afrika ukuba bangasebenzisi nje kuphela amalungelo abo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa okubalulekileyo bakhusele onke amalungelo abo njengoko ebekwe kuMgaqo-siseko. UMtheho OKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuhlanganiseni izibonelelo zamaLungelo oLuntu njengoko evela kuMgaqo-siseko.
Idemokrasi yethu yoMzantsi Afrika ixhomekeke kwiintsika zenkululeko, ukulingana nokuhlonipha isidima somntu. UMthetho omtsha, yenze yezinto ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yenguqi, njengoko itywina iziseko ezibekwe ngamaLungelo Oluntu.
Isithethe phantsi komthetho wocalucalulo ibe ikukuba imisebenzi karhulumente nokulawulwa kwayo bezogqunyiwe njengehlebo nento ekungathethwa ngayo, kufihlwa iinkqubo zobundlobongela ezingekho mthethweni. Ema konyulo lwedemokrasi lowe-1994, sithabathe indlela entsha enyanzelisa isiqhelo sasesidlangalaleni noba noxanduva ngezinto.
UMthetho Okhuthaza Ukufikelela kuLwazi unika uluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika ithuba lokubonelelwa ngokufikelela kulwazi loMbuso namaziko angasese.
Lo Mthetho mtsha uxhasa iimfanelo zawo onke amaziko ukuba asoloko esebenza ngokusemthethweni kwaye enoxanduva ngezenzo zawo. Lo mthetho mtsha waziswe njengelinye inyathelo lokwenza kubekho intlalo engcono ngokubonelela ummi ngokwesiqhelo amathuba okufikelela kulwazi olunokugcinwa kwaye lubophelele amaziko angasese nakawonke-wonke ukuba abenoxanduva ngezenzo zawo.
Ngokumalunga noMthetho OKhuthaza Ukufikelela kulwazi, Igosa loLwazi linyuliwe/limiselwe ukuqinisekisa ukulungiselelwa kwendlela yokufikelela kulwazi/kwiirekhodi. Ngaphezulu koku, Amagosa ancedisayo oLwazi onyuliwe/amiselwe ukuba ancedise iGosa loLwazi ngalo msebenzi.
Ngokumalunga noMthetho wokuFikelela kuLwazi, 2000, nawuphi na umntu unelungelo lokucela ukufikelela kulwazi/kwiirekhodi ezigcinwe nguMbuso okanye iZiko likaWonke-wonke. Kufuneka umntu agcwalise isicelo sokufikelela kulwazi fomu A, efumaneka nakuyiphi na iofisi yeSebe, ukuze akwazi ukufikelela kwirekhodi. Le fomu kufuneka igqithiselwe kwiGosa loLwazi, kwezi nkcukacha zingasentla zokunxibelelana.
Igosa loLwazi liya kuqwalasela ukuba ingaba umntu owenza isicelo solwazi usenza ngokwakhe na okanye hayi, okk. nokuba ingaba ulwazi luphathelele kuphela kumntu lowo owenza isicelo solwazi okanye hayi. Ukuba umntu lowo uyazicelela ngokwakhe, akukho mrhumo wokuqala ofanelwe kukuhlawulwa. Ukuba ulwazi alusingiselanga kuphela kumntu owenza isicelo solwazi, umrhumo wokuqala ongama R35,00 ufanelwe kukuhlawulwa phambi kokuba kuqhubeke le nkqubo. Oko kuthi isicelo asisayi kuqwalaselwa de kuhlawulwe intlawulo yokuqala.
Nje ukuba umrhumo uhlawulwe, iGosa loLwazi liya kuyalela umsebenzi ofanelekileyo ukuba akhangele iirekhodi ezo zifunekayo.
Xa iirekhodi efunwayoifunyenwe, iGosa loLwazi liya kuphonononga uxwebhu lize lithelekise okuqulathwe yirekhodi nemigaqo ekunokwaliwa phantsi kwayo, njengoko imiselwe nguMthetho.
Ukuba ke kuyavunywa ukuba angafikelela kuzo, umenzi sicelo/ofaka isicelo sakhe uya kwaziswa ngeendleko ekufanelwe zihlawulwe ukwenziwa kwekopi yerekhodi.
Zakuhlawulwa iintlawulo ezifanelekileyo, irekhodi/okanye inxenye yayo ekuvunywe ukuba mayifunyanwe, iya kukotshwa ize igqithiselwe kumntu lowo ocela ulwazi.
Kwimeko apho kungavunywayo ukuba irekhodi ifikelelwe, umntu lowo othe wenza iisicelo sale rekhodi, uya kwaziswa ukuba kwaliwe ukuba ifikelelwe neendlela zokufaka isibheno ezifanelekileyo ezinokuthi zilandelwe ziya kugxininiswa.
Iirekhodi ezikwiOfisi yeNkulumbuso zahlulwe nje zaba ziirekhodi zonxibelelwano nezinye iirekhodi ezingezezonxibelelwano (ezinye iirekhodi).
Unxibelelwano lulawulwa ze luphathwe ngokumalunga neenkqubo ezintathu zokufayila ezivunywe ukuba zisetyenziswe kumathala okulondoloza ePhondo. Lonke unxibelelwano oluphathelele kwimicimbi yabasebenzi lulawulwa yiNkqubo eFanayo yokuFayila (NCPA) imiSebenzi yabaSebenzi. Ezi nkqubo zimbini zifanayo zokufayila ziyagunyaziswa kuwo onke amasebe aphantsi koLawulo lwePhondo laseMntla Koloni. Lonke unxibelelwano oluphathelele kwimisebenzi ekungayo kwiOfisi yeNkulumbuso lulawulwa yoNkqubo evunyiweyo yokufayila imiSebenzi yokuNgako, esetyenziswa kuphela kwiofisi yeNkulumbuso kwaye ayisetyenziswa nakwawaphi na amanye amasebe ePhondo. Iifayile ezizodwa ezivulwe ngokumalunga nezi nkqubo zintathu ziboniswe kule Rejista yeeFayile eziVuliweyo.
Ezinye iirekhodi zilawulwa ziphathwe ngokumalunga nesiHlomelo sokuLawula iiRekhodi, esingekavunywa liThala lokuGcina lePhondo.
Ukusuka ngowe 1994-2001, iOfisi yeNkulumbuso ibe ingazihleli izilawule iirekhdi zayo ngokumalunga nemimiselo yokugcina yethala. Ezi rekhodi ngoku ziyalungiswa ngokweendlela ezivunyiweyo zokufayila (iinkqubo zokufayila nesiHlomelo sokuLawula iiRekhodi). Le yinkqubo engenakugqitywa ngosuku kwaye le ncwadana yona ibonisa kuphela ezo rekhodi ezihlelwe ukusukela eKwindla 2001. Njengoko iirekhodi ezingahlelwanga, le ncwadana iya kulungiswa ukuze iikopi zezilungiso zingeniswe rhoqo kwiKhomishini yamaLungelo oLuntu oMzantsi Afrika.
Ulawulo lweNkulumbuso luneyalo inkqubo yokufayila eyodwa engenakusetyenziswa ngamanye amacandelo eOfisi yeNkulumbuso.
a KUFUNEKA AZIGOCAGOCE NJALO IIFAYILE ZEMIHLA NGEMIHLA UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA YONKE IMBALELWANO YENZIWE KWIIFAYILE EZICHANEKILEYO.
b KUFUNEKA AQINISEKISE UKUBA IMIHLATHI 5 NO 6 YALE MIYALELO ILANDELWE NGQO NGOKUGOCAGOCA NJALO IIFAYILE EZIFANELEKILEYO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA SISETYENZISWA NGENDLELA ECHANEKILEYO.
c KUFUNEKA AGCINE IKOPI YOKUQALA NGENDLELA JONGA KWAKHONA UMHL.
d UKUSEBENZA KAKUHLE KWALE NKQUBO KUFUNEKA KUHLOLWE NJALO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA UKUHLAZIYWA OKUFUNEKAYO KUBONELELWE. XA IMISEBENZI EMITSHA IFUNYANWA, KUFUNEKA KWENZIWE IIFAYILE EZINTSHA UKUZE XA KUFANELEKILE, EZIKHOYO IIFAYILE ZOHLULWE OKANYE ZIHLANGANISWE NGALOO NDLELA IFANELEKILEYO. IIFAYILE ZOKUQALA OKK. IZIHLOKO EZAHLULA-HLULIWEYO KODWA ZIKWASETYENZISWA NJENGEEFAYILE MAZIHLOLWE NJALO UKUTHINTELA UKUBA ZINGAJIKI ZIBE ZIIFAYILE ZESIQHELO KWAYE APHO KUFANELEKILEYO EZINYE IIFAYILANA MAZIVULWE.
e KUFUNEKA KUTHATHELWE INGQALELO IIMEKO APHO UNXIBELELWANO LUQALA KWIFAYILE ENYE KUZE KUGXININISWE OMNYE UMBA, UKUBA UMCIMBI LO WENZIWE KWIFAYILE EFANELEKILEYO.
a. KUFUNEKA AZIGOCAGOCE NJALO IIFAYILE ZEMIHLA NGEMIHLA UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA YONKE IMBALELANO YENZIWE KWIIFAYILE EZICHANEKILEYO.
b. KUFUNEKA AQINISEKISE UKUBA IMIHLATHI 5 NO 6 YALE MIYALELO ILANDELWE NGQO NGOKUGOCAGOCA NJALO IIFAYILE EZIFANELEKILEYO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA SISETYENZISWA NGENDLELA ECHANEKILEYO.
c. KUFUNEKA AGCINE IKOPI YOKUQALA NGENDLELA JONGA KWAKHONA UMHL.
d. UKUSEBENZA KAKUHLE KWALE NKQUBO KUFUNEKA KUHLOLWE NJALO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA UKUHLAZIYWA OKUFUNEKAYO KUBONELELWE. XA IMISEBENZI EMITSHA IFUNYANWA, KUFUNEKA KWENZIWE IIFAYILE EZINTSHA UKUZE XA KUFANELEKILE, EZIKHOYO IIFAYILE ZOHLULWE OKANYE ZIHLANGANISWE NGALOO NDLELA IFANELEKILEYO. IIFAYILE ZOKUQALA (OKK. IZIHLOKO EZAHLULA-HLULIWEYO KODWA ZIKWASETYENZISWA NJENGEEFAYILE) MAZIHLOLWE NJALO UKUTHINTELA UKUBA ZINGAJIKI ZIBE ZIIFAYILE ZESIQHELO KWAYE APHO KUFANELEKILEYO EZINYE IIFAYILANA MAZIVULWE.
e. KUFUNEKA KUTHATHELWE INGQALELO IIMEKO APHO UNXIBELELWANO LUQALA KWIFAYILE ENYE KUZE KUGXININISWE OMNYE UMBA, UKUBA UMCIMBI LO WENZIWE KWIFAYILE EFANELEKILEYO.
a. KUFUNEKA AZIGOCAGOCE NJALO IIFAYILE ZEMIHLA NGEMIHLA UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA YONKE IMBALELANO YENZIWE KWIIFAYILE EZICHANEKILEYO.
b. KUFUNEKA AQINISEKISE UKUBA IMIHLATHI 5 NO 6 YALE MIYALELO ILANDELWE NGQO NGOKUGOCAGOCA NJALO IIFAYILE EZIFANELEKILEYO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA SISETYENZISWA NGENDLELA ECHANEKILEYO.
c. KUFUNEKA AGCINE IKOPI YOKUQALA NGENDLELA JONGA KWAKHONA UMHL.
d. UKUSEBENZA KAKUHLE KWALE NKQUBO KUFUNEKA KUHLOLWE NJALO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA UKUHLAZIYWA OKUFUNEKAYO KUBONELELWE. XA IMISEBENZI EMITSHA IFUNYANWA, KUFUNEKA KWENZIWE IIFAYILE EZINTSHA UKUZE XA KUFANELEKILE, EZIKHOYO IIFAYILE ZOHLULWE OKANYE ZIHLANGANISWE NGALOO NDLELA IFANELEKILEYO. IIFAYILE ZOKUQALA (OKK. IZIHLOKO EZAHLULA-HLULIWEYO KODWA ZIKWASETYENZISWA NJENGEEFAYILE) MAZIHLOLWE NJALO UKUTHINTELA UKUBA ZINGAJIKI ZIBE ZIIFAYILE ZESIQHELO KWAYE APHO KUFANELEKILEYO EZINYE IIFAYILANA MAZIVULWE.
e. KUFUNEKA KUTHATHELWE INGQALELO IIMEKO APHO UNXIBELELWANO LUQALA KWIFAYILE ENYE KUZE KUGXININISWE OMNYE UMBA, UKUBA UMCIMBI LO WENZIWE KWIFAYILE EFANELEKILEYO.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_URHULUMENTE WEPHONDO LASEMNTLA KOLONI 2.txt</fn>
Ukuzimisela koMzantsi Afrika kwilungelo lokufikelela kulwazi kuhlonipha kwaye kunyanzelwa ngumgaqo-siseko ukuba wenze kubekho ilungelo elingundoqo lokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe nguMbuso okanye ulwazi olugcinwe ngasese.
Lo mThetho linyathelo elilodwa kuphuhliso eliqwalasela imbali yamahlebo alilifa esilifumene kumashumi-shumi eminyaka omthetho ongemthetho wabambalwa. Nga lo mThetho sivelisa ukukhanya okuya kwenza kuphele amahlebo kunye nokuthula okuluphawu lwamashumi eminyaka omthetho nolawulo localucalulo.
UmThetho oKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, No. 2 wowe- 200, ubonelela ngelungelo lomgaqo -siseko wokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe nguMbuso nemibutho yangasese njengowona msebenzi wawo ongundoqo.
Eli lungelo liya kuncedisa ukukhuthaza ukuba selubala, ukuba noxanduva nokuphathwa kwemibutho kawonke-wonke neyangasese.
Kwakhona ukwaqhubeka ukwakha isiseko sethu ekukhuthaleleni ukukhuthaza intlalo apho abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bakwazi ukusebenzisa nokukhusela onke amalungelo abo.
Igunya elinikwe urhulumente wethu ngabantu beli lizwe kukuba atshintshe izinto, zinto ezo ziya kuphucula impilo yabo bonke aboMzantsi Afrika. UmThetho uya kongeza ngokucacileyo kwisiseko esomeleleyo esakha phezu kwaso ukuze sifikelele kulawulo olunoxanduva oluvokothekileyo.
Umsebenzi ongundoqo womThetho wokuFikelela kuLwazi wowe-2000, owaziswa ngeyoKwindla ngo-2001 ukwenza isimo sentlalo apho abantu boMzantsi Afrika banendlela yokufikelela kwilungelo lokufikelela kulwazi. Lo mthethwana uvumela bonke aboMzantsi Afrika ukuba bangasebenzisi nje kuphela amalungelo abo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa okubalulekileyo bakhusele onke amalungelo abo njengoko ebekwe kuMgaqo-siseko. UmThetho oKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuhlanganiseni izibonelelo zamaLungelo oLuntu njengoko evela kuMgaqo-siseko.
Idemokrasi yethu yoMzantsi Afrika ixhomekeke kwiintsika zenkululeko, ukulingana nokuhlonipha isidima somntu. Lo mThetho mtsha, wenze izinto ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yenguqu, njengoko itywina iziseko ezibekwe ngamaLungelo oluNtu.
Isithethe phantsi komThetho wocalucalulo ibe ikukuba imisebenzi karhulumente nokulawulwa kwayo bezogqunyiwe njengehlebo nento ekungathethwa ngayo, kufihlwa iinkqubo zobundlobongela ezingekho mthethweni. Emva konyulo lwedemokrasi lowe-1994, sithabathe indlela entsha enyanzelisa isiqhelo sasesidlangalaleni noba noxanduva ngezinto.
UmThetho oKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi unika uluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika ithuba lokubonelelwa ngokufikelela kulwazi loMbuso namaziko angasese.
Lo mThetho mtsha uxhasa iimfanelo zawo onke amaziko ukuba asoloko esebenza ngokusemthethweni kwaye enoxanduva ngezenzo zawo. Lo mThetho mtsha waziswe njengelinye inyathelo lokwenza kubekho intlalo engcono ngokubonelela ummi ngokwesiqhelo amathuba okufikelela kulwazi olunokugcinwa kwaye lubophelele amaziko angasese nakawonke-wonke ukuba abenoxanduva ngezenzo zawo.
Umsebenzi wesebe kukuba libenenkonzo yenkxaso enokuzimela esebenzayo, enokukhuthaza ukwenziwa kweenkonzo kwisebe ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuzimela ekuhlaleni. Kuhlawulwe izibonelelo kumaqela achaphazelekayo abantu abafanelwe lolo ncedo, baqinisekise ngokukhuseleka kwengeniso kubantwana abahluphekayo nabemi bePhondo. Kwakhona babonelele ngenkonzo yophuhliso lwentlalo-ntle bebambisene nemibutho engeyoyengeniso nemibutho yasekuhlaleni.
Ngokumalunga nomThetho oKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, Igosa loLwazi linyuliwe/limiselwe ukuqinisekisa ukulungiselelwa kwendlela yokufikelela kulwazi/kwiirekhodi. Ngaphezulu koku, AmaGosa ancedisayo oLwazi onyuliwe/amiselwe ukuba ancedise iGosa loLwazi ngalo msebenzi.
I. Ngokumalunga nomThetho wokuFikelela kuLwazi, 2000, nawuphi na umntu unelungelo lokucela ukufikelela kulwazi/kwiirekhodi ezigcinwe nguMbuso okanye iZiko likaWonke-wonke. Kufuneka umntu agcwalise isicelo sokufikelela kulwazi ifomu A, efumaneka nakuyiphi na i-ofisi yeSebe, ukuze akwazi ukufikelela kwirekhodi. Le fomu kufuneka igqithiselwe kwiGosa loLwazi, kwezi nkcukacha zingasentla zokunxibelelana.
Igosa loLwazi liya kuqwalasela ukuba ingaba umntu owenza isicelo solwazi usenza ngokwakhe na okanye hayi, okkt, nokuba ingaba ulwazi luphathelele kuphela kumntu lowo owenza isicelo solwazi okanye hayi. Ukuba umntu lowo uyazicelela ngokwakhe, akukho mrhumo wokuqala ofanelwe kukuhlawulwa. Ukuba ulwazi alusingiselanga kuphela kumntu owenza isicelo solwazi, umrhumo wokuqala ongama R35, 00 ufanelwe kukuhlawulwa phambi kokuba kuqhubeke le nkqubo. Oko kuthi isicelo asisayi kuqwalaselwa de kuhlawulwe intlawulo yokuqala.
Nje ukuba umrhumo uhlawulwe, iGosa loLwazi liya kuyalela umsebenzi ofanelekileyo ukuba akhangele iirekhodi ezo zifunekayo.
Xa iirekhodi efunwayo ifunyenwe, iGosa loLwazi liya kuphonononga uxwebhu lize lithelekise okuqulathwe yirekhodi nemigaqo ekunokwaliwa phantsi kwayo, njengoko imiselwe ngumThetho.
Ukuba ke kuyavunywa ukuba angafikelela kuzo, umenzi sicelo/ofaka isicelo sakhe uya kwaziswa ngeendleko ekufanelwe zihlawulwe ukwenziwa kwekopi yerekhodi.
Zakuhlawulwa iintlawulo ezifanelekileyo, irekhodi/okanye inxenye yayo ekuvunywe ukuba mayifunyanwe, iya kukotshwa ize igqithiselwe kumntu lowo ocela ulwazi.
Kwimeko apho kungavunywayo ukuba irekhodi ifikelelwe, umntu lowo othe wenza isicelo sale rekhodi, uya kwaziswa ukuba kwaliwe ukuba ifikelelwe neendlela zokufaka isibheno ezifanelekileyo ezinokuthi zilandelwe ziya kugxininiswa.
Iirekhodi ezikwi-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso zahlulwe nje zaba ziirekhodi zonxibelelwano nezinye iirekhodi ezingezozanxibelelwano (ezinye iirekhodi).
Unxibelelwano lulawulwa ze luphathwe ngokumalunga neenkqubo ezintathu zokuFAYILISHA ezivunywe ukuba zisetyenziswe kumathala okulondoloza ePhondo. Lonke unxibelelwano oluphathelele kwimicimbi yabasebenzi lulawulwa yiNkqubo eFanayo yokuFAYILISHA imiSebenzi yabaSebenzi. Ezi nkqubo zimbini zifanayo zokuFAYILISHA ziyagunyaziswa kuwo onke amasebe aphantsi koLawulo lwePhondo laseMntla Koloni. Lonke unxibelelwano oluphathelele kwimisebenzi ekungayo kwi-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso lulawulwa yiNkqubo evunyiweyo yokuFAYILISHA imiSebenzi yokuNgako, esetyenziswa kuphela kwi-ofisi yeNkulumbuso kwaye ayisetyenziswa nakwawaphi na amanye amasebe ePhondo. Iifayile ezizodwa ezivulwe ngokumalunga nezi nkqubo zintathu ziboniswe kule Rejista yeeFayile eziVuliweyo.
Ezinye iirekhodi zilawulwa ziphathwe ngokumalunga nesiHlomelo sokuLawula iiRekhodi, esingekavunywa liThala lokuGcina lePhondo.
Ukusuka ngowe 1994-2001, i-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso ibe ingazihleli izilawule iirekhodi zayo ngokumalunga nemimiselo yokugcina yethala. Ezi rekhodi ngoku ziyalungiswa ngokweendlela ezivunyiweyo zokuFAYILISHA (iinkqubo zokuFAYILISHA nesiHlomelo sokuLawula iiRekhodi). Le yinkqubo engenakugqitywa ngosuku kwaye le ncwadana yona ibonisa kuphela ezo rekhodi ezihlelwe ukusukela eKwindla ngo-2001. Njengoko iirekhodi ezingahlelwanga, le ncwadana iya kulungiswa ukuze iikopi zezilungiso zingeniswe rhoqo kwiKhomishini yamaLungelo oLuntu oMzantsi Afrika.
Ulawulo lweNkulumbuso luneyalo inkqubo yokuFAYILISHA eyodwa engenakusetyenziswa ngamanye amacandelo e-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso.
a KUFUNEKA AZIGOCAGOCE NJALO IIFAYILE ZEMIHLA NGEMIHLA UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA YONKE IMBALELANO YENZIWE KWIIFAYILE EZICHANEKILEYO.
b KUFUNEKA AQINISEKISE UKUBA IMIHLATHI 5 NO- 6 YALE MIYALELO ILANDELWE NGQO NGOKUGOCAGOCA NJALO IIFAYILE EZIFANELEKILEYO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA SISETYENZISWA NGENDLELA ECHANEKILEYO.
c KUFUNEKA AGCINE IKOPI YOKUQALA NGENDLELA JONGA KWAKHONA UMHL.
d UKUSEBENZA KAKUHLE KWALE NKQUBO KUFUNEKA KUHLOLWE NJALO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA UKUHLAZIYWA OKUFUNEKAYO KUBONELELWE. XA IMISEBENZI EMITSHA IFUNYANWA, KUFUNEKA KWENZIWE IIFAYILE EZINTSHA UKUZE XA KUFANELEKILE, EZIKHOYO IIFAYILE ZOHLULWE OKANYE ZIHLANGANISWE NGALOO NDLELA IFANELEKILEYO. IIFAYILE ZOKUQALA OKKT. IZIHLOKO EZAHLULA-HLULIWEYO KODWA ZIKWASETYENZISWA NJENGEEFAYILE MAZIHLOLWE NJALO UKUTHINTELA UKUBA ZINGAJIKI ZIBE ZIIFAYILE ZESIQHELO KWAYE APHO KUFANELEKILEYO EZINYE IIFAYILISHANA MAZIVULWE.
e KUFUNEKA KUTHATHELWE INGQALELO IIMEKO APHO UNXIBELELWANO LUQALA KWIFAYILE ENYE KUZE KUGXININISWE OMNYE UMBA, UKUBA UMCIMBI LO WENZIWE KWIFAYILE EFANELEKILEYO.
f MALUNGA NEMISEBENZI EMALUNGA NEENKCAZELO EZIKWIQWEQWE LEEFAYILE NONXIBELELWANO OLUYINGXUBEVANGE, JONGA UMHLATHI 12 NOWE- 15 APHA NGASEZANTSI.
a. KUFUNEKA AZIGOCAGOCE NJALO IIFAYILE ZEMIHLA NGEMIHLA UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA YONKE IMBALELWANO YENZIWE KWIIFAYILE EZICHANEKILEYO.
b. KUFUNEKA AQINISEKISE UKUBA IMIHLATHI 5 NO -6 YALE MIYALELO ILANDELWE NGQO NGOKUGOCAGOCA NJALO IIFAYILE EZIFANELEKILEYO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA SISETYENZISWA NGENDLELA ECHANEKILEYO.
c. KUFUNEKA AGCINE IKOPI YOKUQALA NGENDLELA JONGA KWAKHONA UMHL.
d. UKUSEBENZA KAKUHLE KWALE NKQUBO KUFUNEKA KUHLOLWE NJALO UKUQINISEKISA UKUBA UKUHLAZIYWA OKUFUNEKAYO KUBONELELWE. XA IMISEBENZI EMITSHA IFUNYANWA, KUFUNEKA KWENZIWE IIFAYILE EZINTSHA UKUZE XA KUFANELEKILE, EZIKHOYO IIFAYILE ZOHLULWE OKANYE ZIHLANGANISWE NGALOO NDLELA IFANELEKILEYO. IIFAYILE ZOKUQALA (OKKT. IZIHLOKO EZAHLULA-HLULIWEYO KODWA ZIKWASETYENZISWA NJENGEEFAYILE) MAZIHLOLWE NJALO UKUTHINTELA UKUBA ZINGAJIKI ZIBE ZIIFAYILE ZESIQHELO KWAYE APHO KUFANELEKILEYO EZINYE IIFAYILE MAZIVULWE.
e. KUFUNEKA KUTHATHELWE INGQALELO IIMEKO APHO UNXIBELELWANO LUQALA KWIFAYILE ENYE KUZE KUGXININISWE OMNYE UMBA, UKUBA UMCIMBI LO WENZIWE KWIFAYILE EFANELEKILEYO.
f. MALUNGA NEMISEBENZI EMALUNGA NEENKCAZELO ESEQWEQWENI LEEFAYILE NONXIBELELWANO OLUYINGXUBEVANGE, JONGA UMHLATHI 12 NOWE -15 APHA NGASEZANTSI.
LONKE UNXIBELELWANO OLUPHATHELELE EKUFUNYANWENI NASEKULONDOLOZwENI NJL. KOOVIMBA NEENKONZO NENDAWO YOKUGCINA ZIBONISWA KWIMISEBENZI YOKUXHASA IMISEBENZI YENKQUBO YOKUFAYILISHA.
A20 Mazisiwe kumathala okugcina emva kweminyaka engama20 emva kokuphela konyaka emva kokuba iirekhodi zenziwe.
AP Zingagcinwa ithuba elingaxelwanga. Xa zingatshitshiswa, umz.
DAU Tshitshisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba abaphicothi zincwadi begqibile.
Zonke iirekhodi ezikhankanywe ku-1-5 zibonisiwe kwiRejista yeeFayile eVuliweyo neShedyuli elawula iirekhodi. Ofuna ukufikelela kwezi angenza isicelo nganye nganye ngezi.
YEEREKHODI eziphunyeziweyo ezihamba ngombane zenkqubo yokuphatha kwaye azikadweliswa ngokufanelekileyo. Zikhona kwaye zikwihard drive zamagosa aqeshwe kwiSebe leeNkonzo zeNtlalo noPhuhliso loLuntu. Ezininzi zezi rekhodi zikho emaphepheni kwaye zibonakalisiwe kwiifayile zonxibelelwano lwesebe.
Inkqubo yokusasazela kwezinye iindawo.
Ukudlakazeliswa kwabasebenzi basemakhaya nokulungiswa kwesi simo.
Ukuqeqeshelwa icandelo lokuLungiselela.
Inkqubo yokusasazela kwezinye iindawo.
Ukudlakazeliswa kwabasebenzi basemakhaya nokulungiswa kwesi simo.
Ukuqeqeshelwa icandelo lokuLungiselela.
Zonke iingxelo zangaphambili ezipapashiweyo umz.
Zonke iingxelo ezingakhankanywanga ku 1-9 apha ngasentla zibonisiwe kwiRejista yeeFayile eziVuliweyo neShedyuli elawula iiNgxelo. Ukufikelela kwezi zilandelayo kufuneka kwenziwe ngumntu ngamnye.
Abantu abafanelekileyo ngokumalunga noMThetho woNcedo kwiNtlalo wowe-1992 njengoko, kwaye efuna ukufikelela kwezi zibonelelo kufuneka axhumane ne-Ofisi yeNtlalontle yalapho lowo ahlala khona afumane uncedo.
Qinisekisa ukuba amahlwempu nabahluphekayo bayabonelelwa kakuhle.
Ukwenziwa ngcono kwempilo yamahlwempu nokuxhomekeka kwindawo ekuhlalwa kuyo ngeendodla zentlalo nezibonelelo.
Ukufikelela kwezi nkonzo xhumana nee-ofisi zeNtlalontle, iivenkile ezikufutshane nawe ufumane uncedo okanye tsalela umnxeba kwinombolo engahlawulisiyo 0800003077 ufumane ezinye iinkcukacha zolwazi.
Kwezi nkqubo iKhabhinethi ihlangana noLuntu nesi iKhabhinethi ihlangna noLutsha*, iQumrhu elilawulayo lifumana igalelo likawonke-wonke nokuxoxa okunokuba negalelo ekwenziweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo okanye ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi yabo. Ngaphezulu koku, ukuthathwa kwesigqibo liQumrhu eliLawulayo phakathi kwezinto ezininzi kukhokelwa ziimfuno zeendawo zokuhlala ezixelwe ngexesha leendibano zentlangano, zibekwe ngokubaluleka kwazo.
Ukuba iGosa loLwazi linokwala ukuba kufikelelwe kwingxelo egcinwe siSizwe okanye liQumrhu likaWonke-wonke, umntu ocela ulwazi unelungelo lokufaka isibheno ngesi sigqibo. Kwakhona xa kunokuvunywa ufikelele kulwazi olubandakanya umntu wesithathu, loo mntu wesithathu naye unelungelo lokufaka isibheno ngesi sigqibo. Esi sibheno siyakuqwalaselwa liGunya EliFanelekileyo. Igunya elifanelekileyo liya kuhlalutya isicelo nengxelo ngokumalunga nemimiselo yomThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, 2000.
Xa kunokufunyaniswa ukuba isicelo saliwe ngokungemthethweni, iGunya eliFanelekileyo liya kusitshintsha isigqibo sokuqala seGosa loLwazi lize linike imvume yokufikelela kwirekhodi. Umenzi sicelo uya kuthi ngoko aziswe ngesigqibo neemali zokuhlawulela ukwenziwa kwerekhodi oknye inxalenye yayo.
Kwimeko apho iGunya elifanelekileyo lixhasa isigqibo seGosa loLwazi sokunikezingerekhodi, umenzi sicelo uyakwaziswa ngeso sicelo. Kwakhona umenzi sicelo uyakwaziswa ngezinye iindlela zokulungisa oku.
Nje ukuba izilungiso zezibheno zangaphakathi, njengoko zixelwa liQumrhu likaWonke-wonke zifikelelwe zonke, umenzi sicelo unelungelo lokwenza isibheno kwinkundla.
Kufuneka axele izizathu zesibheno sangaphakathi.
Ukuba, ukongeza kwimpemdulo ebhaliweyo, umbheni makaxele ukuba ufuna ukwaziswa kanjani na nazo zonke iinkcukacha ukuze bakwazi ukumazisa.
Xa kukho imali yokuhlawulela isibheno, le mali mayifakwe kwibheno eso sibhaliweyo esiya kwiGosa loLwazi. Imali emiselweyo yokubhena, ukuba ikhona, mayihlawulwe. Ukuba isibheno asihlawulwanga, isigqibo ngesibheno eso singamiswa de kuhlawulwe loo ntlawulo.
Isibheno esibhaliweyo masixele idilesi yeposi okanye inamba yefeksi.
Ukuba sithe isibheno safakwa sele liphelile ithuba elimiselweyo, okkt. Iintsuku ezingama60/30 iintsuku, liya kuthi iGunya eliFanelekileyo, emva kokuba kuboniswe isizathu esifanelekileyo, livumelo eso sibheno sangaphakthi esifakwe emva kwethuba. Ukuba ke igunya elifanelekileyo lithe alisivuma isicelo sesibheno sangaphakathi, kufuneka lona lazise umntu lowo obe efaka isicelo sesibheno sangaphakathi.
Iinkcukacha zokuxhumna nawuphi na umntu wesithathu ekufuneka azisiwe.
Ukuba iGunya eliFanelekileyo liqwalasela isibheno sangaphakathi esichasene nesicelo sokufumana ulwazi oluphathelele kumntu wesithathu, iGunya elo lifanelekileyo kufuneka lazise umntu wesithathu wesibheno sangaphakathi, ngaphandle kokuba onke manyathelo okufumana umntu wesithathu akaphumelelanga. Xa umntu wesithathu azisiwe, umntu wesithathu kufuneka avunyelwe ukuba enze isingeniso esibhaliweyo/ngomlomo.
Ukuba umntu wesithathu akafunyanwanga, isizathu esenze ukuba umntu wesithathu angalifumani ithuba lokufaka isingeniso sokuba kutheni isibheno sangaphakthi kufuneka sichithwe.
Igunya eliFanelekilyo linokuqinisekisa isigqibo sokuqala okanye linokukhupha isigqibo esitsha. Isigqibo malunga nesibheno sangaphakathi kufuneka senziwe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuba sifunyenwe isibheno sangaphakathi. Nje emva kokwenza isigqibo, iGunya eliFanelekileyo malinike isaziso sesigqibo kumfaki sibheno, nawuphina umntu wesithathu nomfaki sicelo, kangangoko enakho, azise umfaki sibheno ngefomu ebe iceliwe.
Sixele ukuba ababandakanyekayo, okkt. umfaki sibheno, umntu wesithathu, njl angafaka isicelo nenkundla echasa isigqibo kwisibheno sangaphakathi zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-60 okanye 30 iintsuku (kumntu wesithathu).
Zakuba zenziwe zonke iinkqubo zesibheno sangaphakathi, umfaki sicelo unelungelo lokuya enkundleni efake esinye isibheno.
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Ukuzibophelela koMzantsi Afrika kwilungelo lokuba nokufikelela kulwazi, kunika isidima semfanelo yoMgaqo- siseko wethu ukuba unike ifuthe kwilungelo elisisiseko, lokuba nokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe nguRhulumente okanye ulwazi olugcinwe kwindawo yangasese.
Lo Mthetho luphuhliso lwesiganeko esibalulekileyo xa sicinga ngelifa okanye imvelaphi yokufihla izinto esiyifumene njengelifa kumashumi ngamashumi eminyaka yolawulo ngabambalwa, olungekho mthethweni. Ngalo Mthetho sikhanyisa isibane ukuguqula izinto ukuze siphelise imfihlelo nokuthula obekuluphawu lwamashumi ngamashumi eminyaka yolawulo nokuphatha ngocalucalulo.
UMthetho, 2 wowe-200, oKhuthaza iLungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi ulungiselela ilungelo lomgaqo-siseko, lokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe ngurhulumente kunye nemibutho yangasese, njengenye yeenjonongo zawo.
Ngokweli lungelo, liya kulungiselela abantu bethu ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo ze benze izigqibo ezilawulwa lulwazi, ekwakheni ngokutsha isizwe ngolwazi.
Likwengeza ekwakheni isiseko sethu sokukhuthaza ngenkuthalo uluntu apho abantu boMzantsi Afrka banokufikelela kulwazi ngendlela evakalayo ukuze babe nokusebenzisa ze bakhusele onke amalungelo abo.
Igunya elinikwe urhulumente wethu, ngabantu beli lizwe lalilelokwenza iinguqulelo eziza kuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. UMthetho uya kongeza ngokubalulekileyo kwisieko esizinzileyo esakhela phezu kwaso, ekufuneni kwethu ulawulo olulungileyo nokuba nokuziphendulela.
Owona msebenzi ungundoqo woMthetho wowe-2000, welungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi, owabhengezwa ngoMatshi ka-2001, kukudala intlalo apho abantu boMzantsi Afrika banendlela yokufikelela kulwazi olufanelekilayo. Eli suntswana lowiso-mthetho lenza ukuba bonke abantu boMzantsi Afrika bangabinakusebenzisa amalungelo abo nje kuphela, kodwa ngaphaya koko okona kubalulekileyo babe nokukhusela onke amalungelo abo njengoko edalangcwe kuMgaqo-siseko. UkuKhuthazwa koMthetho wokuFikelela kuLwazi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuqinisweni kwamalungiselelo akuMthetho oYilwayo wamMalungelo njengoko ethiwe thaca kuMgaqo-siseko.
Ulawulo lwethu lwedemokrasi kuMzantsi Afrika lixhathise kwiintsika zenkululeko, umakulinganwe kunye nokunik'imbeko kwisidima soluntu. Lo Mthetho mtsha lilungu elibaluleke kakhulu winkqubo yenguqu, njengoko zizisomeleza iziseko ezendlalwe kuMthetho oYilwayo wamalungelo oluntu.
Isiqhelo phantsi kolawulo ngocalucalulo yayikukuba iinkqubo zikarhulumente nolawulo lwakhe zazigutyungelwe yimfihlelo nokuthi cwaka, tu, ukuze kuqumeke izenzo zobuqhophololo nezingekho mthethweni. Ngonyulo lwedemokrasi luka-1994, siqalise indlela entsha enyanzelisa inkcubeko nenkqubo yokwenza izinto elubala neyenza ukuba ubani abe nokuphendula ngezenzo zakhe.
UMthetho wokuKhuthaza ilungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi unika uluntu loMzantsi Afrika indlela ecacileyo yokuba noncedo lokufikelela kulwazi oluvela kurhulumente okanye amaziko abucala.
Lo Mthetho mtsha wandisa imfuneko yawo onke amaziko ukuba asoloko esenza ngendlela esemthethweni nokuba abe nokuziphendulela kuzo zonke izenzo zawo. Lo mthetho mtsha ubhengezwe njelinye inyathelo lokwenza ubomi obungcono ngokunika iindlela kuwo wonke umntu, nongenagama na, ukuba abe nokufikelela kulwazi olunokuthi ekugqibeleni lwenze ukuba amaziko kawonke-wonke nalawo abucala abe nokuziphendulela ngezenzo zawo.
ISebe loKhuseleko noManyano lisebe elinemisebenzi eyenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba eli Sebe lidlale indima yobunkokheli ukuze lifikelele kwiinjongo ezifanayo zePhondo. Le ndima iqinisekisa ukuba oorhulumente beZwelonke nelaseKhaya bayanxityelelaniswa bekwaqinisekiswa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, nolawulo lwemali olufanelekileyo, ulawulo lwabasebenzi kwanokucwaningwa nokucwangciswa kwesebe, njalonjalo.
Kucacile ukuba, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudlalwa ngokwanelisekayo kwendima yemisebenzi eyayanyiswe kweli Sebe, kufuneka kube kho isakhiwo sokulungiselela, esanelisayo nesinefuthe. Isakhiwo sokulungiselela esipheleleyo esibonisa inani lamaqela azimeleyo, imisebenzi eyabiweyo nezikhundla ezabiweyo, zifakwe kwiSihlomelo A.
Ngokuvumelana noMthetho wokuKhuthazwa kokuFikelela kuLwazi, kuqeshwe iGosa loLwazi ukuqinisekisa ukwenza lula inkqubo yokufikelela kwiirekhodi zolwazi. Ukwengeza apho kukwaqeshwe namaSekela eGosa loLwazi ukuba ancedisane neGosa loLwazi kulo msebenzi.
NgokoMthetho wowe-2000, wokuFikelela kuLwazi, nabani na unelungelo lokufaka isicelo sokufikelela kwiirekhodi zolwazi eziselugcinweni lukaRhulumente okanye naliphi na iQumrhu loluntu lonke. Ukuze ubani abe nokufikelela kwirekhodi, kufuneka loo mntu azalise uxwebhu lwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi. Olu xwebhu kufuneka lugqithiselwe kwiSekela leGosa loLwazi kwezi nkcukacha zonxibelelwano zinikwe apha ngasentla.
ISekela leGosa loLwazi liya kuqinisekisa ukuba ingaba lo mntu ufuna ulwazi ngumceli ozicelela ngokunokwakhe okanye hayi. Oku kuthetha ukuthi, ingaba ulwazi luphathelele kuphela kulo mntu ufaka isicelo okanye hayi. Ukuba umntu ngumceli ozicelela ngokunokwakhe, akukho ntlawulo iya kya kufuneka ngaaphambili. Ukuba ulwazi aluphathelelanga kuphela kulo mntu ucela ulwazi, kuya kufuneka intlawulo engamaR35,00 ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo iqalise.
Nje ukuba yenziwe intlawulo, iSekela leGosa loLwazi liya kuyalela igosa elifanelekileyo ukuba likhuphe i(i)rekhodi leyo(ezo) i(zi)fanelekileyo.
Yakukhutshwa irekhodi iSekela leGosa loLwazi liya kuluhlola olo xwebhu ze lithelekise iziqulatho zerekhodi nemihlaba yokwala njengoko ibekiwe nguMthetho.
Ukuba sinokuvunywa isicelo sokufikelela umceli / umceli ozicelelayo uya kwaziswa ngendleko afanele ukuzihlawula ukuze kuveliswe irekhodi kwakhona.
Xa yenziwe intlawulo yeendleko ezifanelekileyo, kuya kuveliswa irekhodi okanye inxalenye yayo leyo kunikwe imvume yokuba kufilelelwe kuyo. Yakuveliswa iya kuthi ke igqithiselwe kuloo mtu ubecele olo lwazi.
Kwimeko apho isicelo sokufikelela sithe asavunywa, uya kwaziswa loo mntu ubefake isicelo ngokungavunywa kwesicelo sakhe, aziswe nangeenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokubhena, emazilandelwe.
Iirekhodi kwiSebe lezoKhuselo noManyano zohlulwe ngokukhululekileyo ngokweerekhodi zembalelwano kunye nazo zonke iirekhodi ezingezezonxibelelwano (iirekhodi ezizezinye).
Imbalelwano ilawulwa iphathwe ngokweenkqubo zokufayilisha ezintathu, ezivunywe yiNdawo yePhondo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo ukuba zisetyenziswe kwiSebe eli. Yonke imbalelwano ephathelele kwimiba yabasebenzi ilawulwa ngokweNkqubo yokuFayilisha yeMisebenzi eFanayo yaBasebenzi; yonke enye imbalelwano ephathelele kwimisebenzi yokuxhasa, ilawulwa yiNkqubo yokuFayilisha yeMisebenzi eFanayo yaBasebenzi. Zombini ezi nkqubo zokufayilisha ziyagunyazisa kuwo onke amasebe kuLawulo lwePhondo loMntla Koloni - Northern Cape Provincial Administration (N C P A). Imbalelwano ephathelele imisebenzi engundoqo yeSebe lezoKhuseleko noNxibelelwano ilawulwa yiNkqubo yokuFayilisha yeMisebenzi enguNdoqo eFanayo ekuphela eyeyodwa kwiSebe eli nengasetyenziswayo nakwawaphi amanye amasebe kwi-N C P A. Iifayile ezizodwa ezivulwe ngokweezi nkqubo zintathu zalathwe kwiRejista yeeFayile eziVuliweyo, encanyathelisiweyo.
Ezinye iirekhodi zilawulwa ziphathwe ngokweShedyuli yoLawulo lweeRekhodi, engekavunywa yiNdawo yePhondo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo.
Ukususela ngowe-1994 ukuya kowe-2001, iSebe zange lizihlele lizilawule iirekhodi zalo ngokuhambelanayo nemigqaliselo yendawo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo, kulo mba. Ezi rekhodi kungoku nje, zibuyela umva ukufayilishwa ngokweenkqubo zokuhlela ezivunyiweyo (iinkqubo zokufayilisha neeShedyuli zeLawulo lweeRekhodi). Le yinkqubo engenakugqitywa ngokukhawuleza kwaye le ncwadana ibonisa kuphela ezo rekhodi ezithe zahlelwa ukusukela ngoNovemba we-1999. Njengoko iirekhodi ezingahlelwanga zibuyiselwa ekufayilishweni, le ncwadana iya kuthi ihlaziywe kwaye iikopi ezihlaziyiweyo ziya kungeniswa rhoqo kwiKomishini yoMzantsi Afrika yaMalungelo oLuntu.
ISebe lezoKhuselo noManyano linenkqubo yokufayilisha enye eyeyalo ekungavumelekanga ukuba isetyenziswe lilo naliphi icandelo elilelinye kweli Sebe.
Ulawulo lweshedyuli ngumsebenzi owabelwe uMlawuli weeRekhodi. Akukho zilungiso kunye ne- okanye izongezelelo emazenziwe kwishedyuli ngaphandle kwemvume yeli gosa.
Zonke izilungiso nezongezelelo mazifakwe rhoqo kumphathi wendawo yephondo, yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo ukuze azigqale, anike imvume anike nemvume yokutshabalalisa.
Ikopi engundoqo yeshedyuli yolawulo lweerekhodi ifayilishwa kwifayile eyodwa kwaye iboniswa ngolo hlobo kumphandle wefayile. Le kopi igcinwa ligosa elibizwe apha ngasentla emaliqinisekise ukuba igcinwe isemgangathweni nokuba umyalelo womhlathi wesi-2 uyalandelwa.
Yolawulo lweerekhodi, makuphunyezwe irejista yokutshabalalisa. Le rejista yahlulwe ngokweminyaka, umzekelo: 2002, 2003, 2004, njalonjalo. Xa umba uvaliwe, usingiselo lwawo malufakwe phantsi konyaka lowo ziza kutshatyalaliswa ngawo. Umba ovalwe ngo-2002 nomyalelo wawo wokutshatyalaliswa ingu-D 3, uya kufakwa phantsi konyaka u-2005, oko kwenza kube lula ukubona ukuba yiyiphi imiba emayitshatyalaliswe kunyaka othile. Kuyakhuthazwa ukusetyenziswa komqukumbelo oshiya iphepha likhululekile kuba akulula ukuqikelela kwangaphambili, inani lamaphepha afunekayo ngonyaka.
Imiba mayitshatyalaliswa rhoqo - kanye ngonyaka, ubuncinane apho kufuneka kufakwe khona isiqinisekiso sokutshabalalisa esivunyiweyo. Masifakwe kuMgcini wendawo yePhondo, yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo.
Yonke imiba mayiphawulwe kwiqweqwe elingaphandle lefayile, ngenani negama njengoko kwishedyuli yolawulo lweerekhodi kunye nemiyalelo yokutshabalalisa efanelekileyo.
A20 - Tshintshela kwindawo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo kwiminyaka engama-20 emva kokuphela konyaka ezazenziwe ngawo iirekhodi.
D7 - Tshabalalisa kwiminyaka esi-7 emva kokuvalwa.
AP - Ingahlala elugcinweni lombutho ixesha elingasikelwanga mda.
kutshatyalaliswa impahla, mayitshintshelwe kwindawo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo.
DAU - Tshabalalisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba uphengululo lweencwadi lugqityiwe.
DAU3 - Tshabalalisa kwiminyaka emithathu emva kokuba uphengululo lweencwadi lugqityiwe.
DAU7 - Tshabalalisa kwiminyaka esi-7 emva kokuba uphengululo lweencwadi lugqityiwe.
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Ukuzinikela koMzantsi Afrika kwilungelo lokufikelela elwazini/ kulwazi kunika imbeko ngokwemfanelo yomthetho-siseko, ukunika intsingiselo yelungelo elisisiseko, lokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe nguRhulumente okanye ulwazi olugcinwe kummandla wangasese.
Lo Mthetho luphuhliso olungumgama xa sijonga imbali yelifa lokufihla izinto, lifa elo esilizuze kumashumi eminyaka lolawulo olungekho mthethweni. Ngalo Mthetho sikhanyisa isibane sokuphelisa iimfihlelo nokuthula obekuluphawu lwamashumi eminyaka yolawulo nokuphatha ngocalucalulo.
UMthetho, nombolo 2 ka-2000 wokuKhuthazwa kwelungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi, ulungiselela ilungelo lokufikelela kulwazi elisemthethweni eliphethwe ngurhulumente namaqela abucala njengenye yezona njongo ziphambili.
Eli lungelo lakunceda ekukhuthazeni kokwenziwa kwezinto elubala, ukuba nokuphedula ngezenzo, ulawulo olunempumelelo, lwamaqela kawonke-wonke nawabucala.
Ngokweli lungelo, liya kwenza ukuba abantu bethu babe nokuthath'inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo baze bathathe izigqibo ezikhokelwa lulwazi ekwakhiweni ngokutsha kwesizwe sethu ngolwazi.
Ngaphaya koko lwengeza ekwakheni isiseko sethu ukukhuthazeni ngenkuthalo intlalo apho abantu boMzantsi Afrika banelungelo elinempumelelo lokufikelela kulwazi ukwenzela ukuba babbe nokusebenzisa kwanokukhusela onke amalungelo abo ngokupheleleyo.
Igunya elinikwe urhulumente ngabantu beli lizwe yayikukuba aphumelelise inguqu, eziya kuphucula umgangatho wentlalo yabo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. UMthetho lo, uyakongeza ngokuvakalayo kwisiseko esiluqilima esakhela phezu kwaso, kwiinzame zethu zolawulo nokuphendula ngezenzo, okufanelekileyo.
Owona msebenzi uphambili woMthetho weLungelo lokuFukelela kuLwazi ka-2000, owabhengezwa ngoMatshi ka-2001, kukwakha uluntu apho abantu boMzantsi Afrika banendlela yokufikelela kulwazi olufanelekileyo. Eli suntswana litsha lowiso-mthetho lilungiselela ukuba bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika bangeneli nje kukusebenzisa amalungelo abo, koko, okukokukon akubalulekileyo, babe bawakhusele onke amalungelo abo njengoko edalangcwe kuMthetho-siseko. UMthetho woKhuthazwa kokuFikelela kuLwazi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuzinzisa/ ukumanyanisa amalungiselelo ngokuhambelana noMthetho oYilwayo njengoko uthiwe thaca kuMthetho-Siseko.
Inkululeko yethu yoMzantsi Afrika ihleli kwiintsika zenkululeko, umakulingwane nokuhlonela isidima soluntu. Lo Mthetho mtsha yinxalenye, ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yenguqu, njengoko iqinisa/ibethelela iziseko ezibekwe kuMthetho oyililwayo.
Phantsi komthetho wobandlululo, isithethe yayikukuba iintshukumo nemisebenzi karhulumente kunye nolawulo lwakhe zazigutyungelwe emfihlakalweni nokuthula tu, kufihlwa izenzo zokungcola /zorhwaphilizo kwanezo zingekho mthethweni. Ngolonyulo lwenkululeko lka-1994, siqalise indlela entsha enyanzelisa inkcubeko yokwenza izinto elubala kunye nokuba nokuphendula ngezenzo zakho.
UMthetho wokuKhuthazwa kweLungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi unikezela uluntu loMzantsi Afrika lulonke ngendlela yokuba noncedo lokufikelela kulwazi oluvela kumaziko oburhulumente nawangasese.
Lo Mthetho mtsha uncedisa iimfuno zawo onke amaziko ukuba athi rhoqo ukwenza ngokusemthethweni kwaye abe nokuphendula ngazo zonke izenzo zawo. Lo mthetho mtsha ubhengezwe njengelinye inyathelo elitsha ekwakheni ubomi obunggcono ngokunika iindlela kumhlali nje, ongephi ukuba abe nokufikelela kulwazi olunokubamba amaziko angasese kunye nakawonkewonke enokuphendula ngezenzo zawo.
Isebe lezeZindlu noRhulumente wendawo liSebe elifuna nelizama ukomeleza amandla okusebenza kukamasipala ukunikeza eluntwini iinkonzo ezinempumelelo nenkuthalo. Ukuze iSebe libe nokuphumeza injongo yalo ngeyona ndlela inempumelelo, liye lohlulwahlulwa ngokweenkqubo ezine ezizezi: uLawulo; uRhulumente weNdawo; iiNkonzo zobuGcisa; kunye noYilo noPhuhliso.
Eli lungu liqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo iyenziwa/iyakhiwa ze iguqulelwe kubuchule bokuphatha umcimbi, obunokuqhubela phambili umcimbi nokuzilandelelanisa ngokwelungelo eliphambili nelibalulekileyo kwimisebenzi ekufanele yenziwe. Ijonga abasebenzi abafanelekileyo, iqinisekisa ukuba kukho uqingqo-mali olucwangciswe nolubalwe kakuhle nokuba izenzo seSebe ziyahambelana nowiso-mthetho lukarhulumente.
Eli lungu likhuthaza oomasipala abanokuzenzela/ ukuziphilela kwezoqoqqosho nangokwamaziko. Lilungiselela ulawulo olufanelekileyo koomasipala kwakunye nenkqubo yenguqu.
Liqinisekisa ukuba oomasipala babeka ezindaweni ezifanelekileyo amaziko asebenza kuqala engathunywanga ukulungiselela amaxesha kaxakeka , entlekele.
Eli candelo liqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo kweeprojekthi zenkxaso-mali yezindlu. Linceda kuzalisekiswa kweeprojekthi ezimalunga namancedo-mali eyinkunzi kunye neeNkqubo zamaziko akhoyo zooMasipala abamanyeneyo. Lincedisa oomasipala ekuxabiseni/ukuqikela ixabiso leempahla ezifana nezindlu nomhlaba.
Eli candelo liphuhlisa iSakhelo (ifreyim) soYilo lwamaPhondo kunye nobuchule bokwenza uphuhliso beeDolophu naMaphandle ukuze oomasipala basebenzele kuso. Lwenza lula ulungiselelo lwezindlu, amaziko akhoyo neenkonzo ngokuhambelana neenoYilo loPhuhliso loomasipala. Ukubekeleleka kweenkqubo ezihambelana neeNjongo zoPhuhliso/uYilo olumanyeneyo loPhuhliso loMhlaba, iiprojekthi zolawulo lokusetyenziswa komhlaba, izindlu namaziko akhoyo ukuya kumanqanaba okuvunywa kwazo.
Ngingqi Imisebenzi: 1.
ICandelo: Ulawulo lomhlaba ICandelo: 1.
Ukucebisa iziphathamandla 2. Ukuhlola impahla efana 2.
Ukucebisa oomasipala 3.
Ukwenza amalungiselelo 1. Ukwenza umsebenzi 1. Ukwenza amalungiselelo 1.
Ukunika iingcebiso 2. Ukunika iinkonzo 2. Ukwenziwa kwama- 2.
Ukucebisa oomasipala 3. Ukuxibelelana noluntu 3. Ukulungiswa ngemiba enxulumene entlalweni kweendlela neengxowa-mali zabo 4.
Ngokuhambelanayo noMthetho weLungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi, kuya kwanyulwa iSekela leGosa loLwazi ukuncedisa igosa elihethiweyo lolwazi kwiPhondo, kumsebenzi wokulungiselela inkqubo yokufikelela kulwazi / kwiirekhodi.
Ngokuhambelanayo noMthetho weLungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi, kuya kwanyulwa iSekela leGosa loLwazi ukuncedisa igosa elikhethiweyo lolwazi kwiPhondo, kumsebenzi wokulungiselela inkqubo yokufikelela kulwazi / kwiirekhodi.
Ngokwalo mthetho mtsha: UMthetho 2000 wokuKhuthazwa ukuFikelela kuLwazi, nawuphi na umntu unelungelo lokufaka isicelo sokufikelela nakoluphi ulwazi olugcinwe ngurhulumente okanye elinye iziko likawonkewonke. Ukuze umntu abe nokufikelela kulwazi, kufuneka azalise uxwebhu lwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi, olufumaneka nakuliphi isebe lakwarhulumente. Umceli kufuneka ke azalise ngokubanzi kangangoko anakho, uxwebhu olwabelwe oku ukulungiselela ukuba iSekela leGosa loLwazi leziko likawonkewonke libe nokuyikhangela lula irekhodi. Olu xwebhu kufuneka emva koku lugqithiselwe kwiSekela leGosa loLwazi kwezi nkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ezinikwe ngasentla.
ISekela leGosa loLwazi liya kufumanisa ukub aingab alo mntu ufake isicelo solwazi ngufaki sicelo solwazi ngaye na (iinkcukacha ezingaye yena mceli). Ukuba nguceli ocela ulwazi olungaye akukho mrhumo aya kuwuhlawula. Kodwa ukuba ngaba ngumceli ocela olunye ulwazi (olungekho ngaye) umrhumo wesicelo oyi-R35.
kufuneka uhlawulwe phambi kokuba kuqaliswe ukukhangelwa kwayo nayiphi irekhodi.
Nje ukuba ifunyanwe irekhodi, iSekela leGosa loLwazi liya kuyiphonononga lithelekise okuqulathiweyo kuyo kunye nomhlaba wokukhaba/ukusala isicelo.
njengoko kumiselwe eMthethweni.
Ukuba iSekela leGosa loLwazi liyasivuma isicelo sokufikelela kwirekhodi, umceli uya kwaziswa ngendleko ezenzeke ngenxa yokukhangela irekhodi kwanokuveliswa ngokutsha koxwebhu olufunwayo.
Zakuba zihlawuliwe iindleko zokufikelela, irekhodi okanye inxalenye yayo, ekuvunyelwe ukuba kufikelelwe kuyo, iya kuveliswa kwakhona ze igqithiselwe kumceli.
Xa kuthe kwenzeka ukuba isicelo singavunywa , umntu uya kwaziswa ze iinkqubo zokubhena komntu zilandele.
Iirekhodi kwiSebe lezeZindlu kunye noLawulo lwendawo zahlulwe zaziirekhodi zembalelwano nezinye iirekhodi.
Imbalelwano iyalawulwa kwaye ilawulwa ngokweendlela ezimbini zokufayilisha ezivunywe ukuba zisetyenziswe e-ofisini yiNdawo yePhondo yokulondoloza izibhalo ezibalulekileyo. Yonke imbalelwano enxulumene nabasebenzi ilawulwa yiNkqubo efanayo yokuFayilishwa kweMisebenzi yaBasebenzi . Yonke imbalelwano enxulumene neMisebenzi yeNkqubo yokuFayilisha enguMbindi ekuthe kanti eli sebe alikabi nayo. IiFayile zabantu ngabanye ezivulwe ngokwezi nkqubo zimbini ziboniswe kwiRejista yeFayile eziVuliweyo efakelwe apha.
Ezinye iirekhodi zilawulwa ngokwemigaqo yeshedyuli yoLawulo lweeRekhodi, shedyuli leyo engekavunywa yiNdawo yePhondo yokugcina izibhalo zakudala ezibalulekileyo.
Ukususela ngonyaka we-1994 ukuya kowama-2001, kule meko, isebe belingahleli kwaye lingalawuli iirekhodi zalo ngokuhambelana nemimiselo yendawo yokugcina izibhalo zakudala ezibalulekileyo. Ezi rekhodi kungoku nje ziyafayilishwa ngokutsha kwinkqubo yohlelo oluvunyiweyo (iNkqubo yokufayilisha kunye noLudwe lwenkqubo yokuLawula iiRekhodi). Le ke, yinkqubo engenakugqitywa bumini, ngoko ke le ncwadana iqaqambisa kuphela ezo rekhodi esezihleliwe ukususela kwinyanga kaMatshi yowe-2001. Njengoko iirekhodi ezingahlelwanga zithi zifayilishwe kubuyelwa umva, le ncwadana ke ngoko, iya kuthi ihlaziywe ze iikopi zohlaziyo zinikezelwe rhoqo kwiKhomishini yoMzantsi Afrika yaMalungelo aBantu yoMzantsi Afrika.
Ulawulo lweshedyuli lwabelwa uMphathi weeRekhodi. Akuvumelekanga ukwenza utshintsho okanye ukufakela nantoni na kwishedyuli ngaphandle kwemvume yeli gosa.
Kufuneka zonke izilungiso noko kongeziweyo kungeniswe kuMlawuli wePhondo, wendawo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo ukuze azigqale, azivume ze anike imvume yokutshabalalisa.
Ikopi engundoqo yeshedyuli yolawulo lweerekhodi ifayilishwa kwisigqubuthelo sefayile esisodwa kwaye ibonakaliswa ngolo hlobo kumphandle wefayile. Le kopi igcinwa leli gosa libalulwe apha ngasentla ekufuneka liqinisekisile ukuba isoloko ihamba nexesha.
Nje ukuba linikwe igunya lokutshatyalaliswa kwemiba ekwishedyuli yolawulo lweerekhodi, kufuneka kuphunyezwe iirejista zokutshabalalisa. Le rejista yahlulwe ngokweminyaka, umzekelo: 2002, 2003, 2004, njalonjalo. Xa umba uvaliwe, usingiselo kuwo malufakwe kunyaka oza kutshatyalaliswa phantsi kwawo. Umba ovalwe ngowe-2002 omyalelo wawo wokutshatyalaliswa ingu- D3, ngoko ke uya kufakwa phantsi konyaka we-2005, ngolo hlobo kube lula ukubaona ukuba yiyiphi imiba emayitshatyalaliswe kunyaka othile. Kuyakhuthazwa ukusetyenziswa kwesibophaleli samaphepha ohlukeneyo njengoko kungenakwenzeka ukuqikelela inani lamaphepha afunekayo, phambi kwexesha.
Imiba kufuneka itshatyalaliswe rhoqo- kanye ngonyaka ubuncinane- apho kufuneka kufakwe khona isiqinisekiso semiyalelo emiselweyo kuMphathi wePhondo wendawo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo.
Yonke imiba mayalathwe kwiqweqwe elingaphandle, ngenani negama njengoko evela kwishedyuli yolawulo kweerekhodi kunye nomyalelo wokutshabalalisa ofanelekileyo. Inani kunye nomyalelo wokutshabalalisa mazibhalwe ngebloki ebuxande (rektendyula).
A20 - Ukutshintshelwa kwindawo ekugcinwa kuyo iimbalo ezibalulekileyo kwiminyaka engama- 20 emva kokuphela konyaka ezazenziwa ngayo iirekhodi.
AP - Ingashiyeka elugcinweni lombutho ixesha elingasikelwanga mda.
Xa kutshatyalaliswa, umzekelo, xa I-ofisi ivala okanye impahla ichithwa, kufuneka itshintshelwe kwindawo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo.
DAU - Tshabalalisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba kugqitywe ukuphicothwa kweencwadi zemali.
DAU3 - Tshabalalisa kwiminyaka emi-3 emva kokuba kugqitywe ukuphicothwa kweencwadi zemali.
DAU7 - Tshabalalisa kwiminyaka esi-7 emva kokuba kugqitywe ukuphicothwa kweencwadi zemali.
Azikafakwa ngokusemthethweni kuludwe lwezo nkqubo.
Ngalinye kulawo aqeshwe apha kwiSebe.
Ezi rekhodi zilandelayo zinokukhangelwa ngabaceli ngaphandle kokufaka isicelo esisodwa sokufikelela okufuneka kwenziwe.
Zonke iirekhodi ezingabalwanga kwezi zingasentla ziboniswa kwiRejista yeeFayile eziVuliweyo nakwiShedyuli yoLwulo lweeRekhodi. Ukuba nokufikelela kule yokugqibela kufuneka kwenziwe ngokufaka isicelo umntu ngamnye.
Ngeenkqubo ezithi "Isigqeba sombuso(ikhabhinethi) sidibana nabantu" nezithi " Isigqeba sombuso (ikhabhinethi) sidibana nolutsha", iKhansile eLawulayo ifumana igalelo nokungenelela koluntu okunokuba nefuthe ekwakhiweni komgaqo-nkqubo okanye ekwenziweni kwemisebenzi yawo. Ngaphaya koko, ukwenziwa kwesigqibo seKhansile eLawulayo sikhokelwa sikwaziswa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ziimfuno zabahlali ezivakaliswe kwiintlanganiso ezibekwe ngokokubaluleka kwazo.
Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba iGosa loLwazi lukwalelele ukufikelela kwiirekhodi ezigcinwe nguRhulumente okanye iQumrhu loLuntu, umntu ofuna ulwazi unelungelo lokubhena kwisigqibo eso. Njengenxalenye yoku, xa ukufikelela kwirekhodi ebandakanya omnye umntu, kunokuthi kuvunywe, loo mntu ungomnye naye unelungelo lokubhena kwisigqibo eso. Isibheno siya kuphononongwa NguGunyaziwe oFanelekileyo. UGunyaziwe oFanelekileyo uya kuhlalutya isicelo kunye nerekhodi ngokokuhambelana nemigqaliselo yokuKhuthazwa koMthetho weLungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi. Wowe-2000.
Xa kunokufumaniseka ukuba isicelo sakhatywa ngokungekho mthethweni, uGunyaziwe oFanelekileyo uya kusijika isigqibo sokuqala seGosa loLwazi ze avumele ukuba nokufikelela kwirekhodi. Umceli uya kuthi aziswe ngezigqibo nangentlawulo ekufuneka ikhutshelwe ukuveliswa kwerekhodi okanye inxalenye yayo.
Kwimeko apho uGunyaziwe oFanelekileyo athe wabe uyasixhasa isigqibo seGosa lolwazi, sokunganiki ilungelo lokufifikelela kwirekhodi, umceli uya kwaziswa ngeso sigqibo. Umceli uya kuthi aziswe nangamancedo angamanye.
Akuphela onke amancedo ezibheno zangaphakathi, njengoko echongwe liQumrhu loLuntu, umceli unelungelo lokubhenela enkundleni.
Mazisiwe okanye zigqithiselwe kwiGosa loLwazi zelo qumrhu loluntu lichaphazelekayo, kwidilesi okanye kunxibelelwano afumaneka kulo.
Masityumbe isihloko sesibheno sakhe sangaphakathi.
Masichaze izizathu zakhe zesibheno sangaphakathi.
Singabandakanya naluphi ulwazi olulolunye olwaziwayo ngumbheni.
Ukuba, kufuneka umbheni echaze indlela athanda ukwaziswa ngayo kunye nayo yonke inkcukacha, ngaphaya kwempendulo ebhaliweyo.
Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho intlawulo yesibheno, le ntlawulo ma ihambe isibheno esibhaliweyo esiya kwiGosa loLwazi. Intlawulo yokubhena ebekiweyo, xa ikho, mayihlawulwe. Xa isibheno sithe sahlawulwa, isigqibo sesibheno sinokumiswa de ibe yenziwe intlawulo.
Isibheno esibhaliweyo masixele idilesi yeposi okanye inombolo yefeksi.
Ukuba isibheno sifakwe emva komda wexesha elimisiweyo, oko kukuthi iintsuku ezingama-60/ 30, uGunyaziwe oFanelekileyo, xa kunesizathu esivakalayo, makakuvumele ukufakwa kwesibheno sangaphakathi.
Xa uGunyaziwe oFanelekileyo enokukukhaba ukufakwa kwesibheno sangaphakathi kuba ixesha loko liphelile, makanike isaziso kuloo mntu obefake isibheno sangaphakathi.
Neenkcukacha zonxibelelwano zawo nawuphi umntu ongomnye ekufuneka azisiwe.
Ukuba iGosa eliFanelekileyo liqulunqa isibheno sangaphakathi esiphikisana nokwaliwa kwesicelo selungelo lokufikelela kwirekhodi ephathelele kumntu okanye iqela lesithathu , uGunyaziwe oFanelekileyo makazise loo mntu okanye elo qela lesithathu ngesibheno sangaphakathi, ngaphandle kokuba zonke iinzame zokufumana umntu okanye iqela l esithathu aziphumelelanga. Xa kuthe ke kwenzeka ukuba umntu okanye iqela lesithathu lithe laziswa, loo mntu okanye elo qela maka- okanye malivunyelwe ukuba linike iingxelo ezibhaliweyo okanye ezinikwa ngomlomo.
Ukuba umntu okanye iqela lesithathu akana-/alinakufunyanwa, kwa into yokuba loo mntu/ elo qela khange a/lifumane ithuba lokunika ingxelo yokuba kutheni isibheno sangaphakathi kufuneka sichithiwe.
UGunyaziwe oFanelekileyo angasiqinisekisa isigqibo sokuqala okanye esiyintsusa okanye unokunika isigqibo esitsha. Isigqibo sesibheno sangaphakathi masenziwe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokufunyanwa kwesibheno sangaphakathi. Nje ukuba isigqibo senziwe, uGunyaziwe oFanelekileyo makanike isaziso sesigqibo kumbheni, kuwo nakuwuphi umntu okanye nakuliphi iqela elilelinye kunye nakumceli, ze kangangoko, azise umbheni kuxwebhu olwaluceliwe.
Xa ziphele tu iinkqubo zokubhena kwangaphakathi, umceli unelungelo lokufikelela kwinkundla yamatyala ukuze abhene kwakhona.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_URHWEBO NGEZOLIMO.txt</fn>
Imveliso kufuneka iqhelaniswe norhwebo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ufumanise ukuba yintoni efunwa ngumsebenzisi (efunekayo), uze uvelise (isitokhwe) loo mveliso uze uyithengise ufumane inzuzo.
Imfuneko kukuba abasebenzisi bazimisele ukuthenga kangakanani na ngexabiso elithile.
Isitokhwe yinto abavelisi abazimisele ukuyithengisa ngexabiso elithile.
Xa ixabiso linyuka abasebenzisi baya kuthenga kancinane, kodwa xa ixabiso lisezantsi bayakuthenga kakhulu okanye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezininzi zemveliso.
Yazi ukuba abasebenzisi bafuna ntoni kunye nabakukhethayo ngokwenza uphando lorhwebo.
Ubulunga bubaluleke kakhulu. Kufuneka ingcamleke okanye ibukeke kakuhle!
Ubulunga bubaluleke kakhulu. Kufuneka ubenezininzi zokuthengisa.
Isitokhwe kufuneka sibe sininzi. Kufuneka ndisifumane qho kwaye ngexesha.
Yazi ukuba yeyiphi kwezi zinto zithengiswayo efanele imveliso yakho.
Kucebe ukuveliswa kwemveliso.
Tyala isilimo ze usivune xa silungile.
Khetha ijelo lorhwebo elikufaneleyo kwaye apho ungenza inzuzo eninzi.
Itsheyini yorhwebo inoluhlu lwemisebenzi ukufumana imveliso kumlimi uyise kumsebenzisi.
Unokuxhamla ngokwengeza ixabiso kwiimveliso ukunyusa eyakho inzuzo ngokubandakanyeka ekuhlanjweni, ukupakisha, ukugcina, ukulungisa kunye nokuthengisa.
Iindleko zokuthengisa ziquka, uthutho, upapasho, kunye nogcino.
Ukunciphisa iindleko kwitsheyini ende yorhwebo unokusebenzisa ijelo elifutshane ngokuthengisela ngqo kumsebenzisi.
Ukongezwa kwexabiso ngokupakisha nokugcina de amaxabiso abe alungile kwenza ingeniso engaphaya.
Ukongezwa kwexabiso ngokulungisa kwenza ixabiso elingaphaya ngemveliso nganye ngoko ke oko kunyusa ingeniso.
Umlimi uthengisela ngqo abathengi imveliso.
Umlimi uthengisela abasebenzisi kunye nabathengisi.
Iintengiso zenziwa zii-arhente egameni lomlimi zize zifumane ikomishini. Ubulunga, ukupakisha kunye nokubekwa kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye imveliso kufuneka ibe ngendlela yemigangatho yokuhlelwa kunye nokupakishwa eyamkelekileyo.
Iintlanti zentengiso zemfuyo zinika inkonzo yorhwebo kubafuyi.
Umfana uthengisa ngqo kumthengisi ngokwekontraki. Ukulunga, ubuninzi kunye namaxesha okuhambisa abaluleke kakhulu.
Umbutho womfama ngokuhlanganyelana urhweba ngesilimo kwimarike esesikweni.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kweendleko kunye nexabiso = inzuzo okanye ilahleko.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_URhulumente wePhondo loMtla Koloni (2001).txt</fn>
Ukuzibophelela koMzantsi Afrika kwilungelo lokuba nokufikelela kulwazi, kunika isidima semfanelo yoMgaqo- Siseko wethu ukuba unike ifuthe kwilungelo elisisiseko, lokuba nokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe nguRhulumente okanye ulwazi olugcinwe kwindawo yangasese.
Lo Mthetho luphuhliso lwesiganeko esibalulekileyo xa sicinga ngelifa okanye imvelaphi yokufihla izinto esiyifumene njengelifa kumashumi ngamashumi eminyaka yolawulo ngabambalwa, olungekho mthethweni. Ngalo Mthetho sikhanyisa isibane ukuguqula izinto ukuze siphelise imfihlelo nokuthula obekuluphawu lwamashumi ngamashumi eminyaka yolawulo nokuphatha ngocalucalulo.
UMthetho, 2 wowe-200, oKhuthaza iLungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi ulungiselela ilungelo lomgaqo-siseko, lokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe ngurhulumente kunye nemibutho yangasese, njengenye yeenjonongo zawo.
Ngokweli lungelo, liya kulungiselela abantu bethu ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo ze benze izigqibo ezilawulwa lulwazi, ekwakheni ngokutsha isizwe ngolwazi.
Likwengeza ekwakheni isiseko sethu sokukhuthaza ngenkuthalo uluntu apho abantu boMzantsi Afrka banokufikelela kulwazi ngendlela evakalayo ukuze babe nokusebenzisa ze bakhusele onke amalungelo abo.
Igunya elinikwe urhulumente wethu, ngabantu beli lizwe lalilelokwenza iinguqulelo eziza kuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. UMthetho uya kongeza ngokubalulekileyo kwisieko esizinzileyo esakhela phezu kwaso, ekufuneni kwethu ulawulo olulungileyo nokuba nokuziphendulela.
Owona msebenzi ungundoqo woMthetho wowe-2000, welungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi, owabhengezwa ngoMatshi ka-2001, kukudala intlalo apho abantu bomzantsi Afrika banendlela yokufikelela kulwazi olufanelekilayo. Eli suntswana lowiso-mthetho lenza ukuba bonke abantu boMzantsi Afrika bangabinakusebenzisa amalungelo abo nje kuphela, kodwa ngaphaya koko okona kubalulekileyo babe nokukhusela onke amalungelo abo njengoko edalangcwe kuMgaqo-siseko. UkuKhuthazwa koMthetho wokuFikelela kuLwazi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuqinisweni kwamalungiselelo akuMthetho oYilwayo wamMalungelo njengoko ethiwe thaca kuMgaqo-siseko.
Ulawulo lwethu lwedemokrasi kuMzantsi Afrika lixhathise kwiintsika zenkululeko, umakulinganwe kunye nokunik'imbeko kwisidima soluntu. Lo Mthetho mtsha lilungu elibaluleke kakhulu winkqubo yenguqu, njengoko zizisomeleza iziseko ezendlalwe kuMthetho oYilwayo wamalungelo oluntu.
Isiqhelo phantsi kolawulo ngocalucalulo yayikukuba iinkqubo zikarhulumente nolawulo lwakhe zazigutyungelwe yimfihlelo nokuthi cwaka, tu, ukuze kuqumeke izenzo zobuqhophololo nezingekho mthethweni. Ngonyulo lwedemokrasi luka-1994, siqalise indlela entsha enyanzelisa inkcubeko nenkqubo yokwenza izinto elubala neyenza ukuba ubani abe nokuphendula ngezenzo zakhe.
UMthetho wokuKhuthaza ilungelo lokuFikelela kuLwazi unika uluntu loMzantsi Afrika indlela ecacileyo yokuba noncedo lokufikelela kulwazi oluvela kurhulumente okanye amaziko abucala.
Lo Mthetho mtsha wandisa imfuneko yawo onke amaziko ukuba asoloko esenza ngendlela esemthethweni nokuba abe nokuziphendulela kuzo zonke izenzo zawo. Lo mthetho mtsha ubhengezwe njelinye inyathelo lokwenza ubomi obungcono ngokunika iindlela kuwo wonke umntu, nongenagama na, ukuba abe nokufikelela kulwazi olunokuthi ekugqibeleni lwenze ukuba amaziko kawonke-wonke nalawo abucala abe nokuziphendulela ngezenzo zawo.
I-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso yi-ofisi enemisebenzi eyenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba le Ofisi idlale indima yobunkokheli ukuze lifikelele kwiinjongo ezifanayo zePhondo. Le ndima yenkxaso iqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente kaZwelonke nowaseKhaya bayanxityelelaniswa bekwaqinisekisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ulawulo lwemali olufanelekileyo, ulawulo lwabasebenzi kwanokucwaningwa nokucwangciswa kwesebe, njalonjalo. Kukwabalulekile ukuba i-ofisi yeNkulumbuso iqinisekise intsebenziswano phakathi kolawulo, umgaqo-nkqubo kunye nocwangciso. Ngaphaya koku le Ofisi ilungiselela uPhando nohlalutyo loMgaqo-Nkqubo kunye nobuchule bokuphatha umcimbi wolawulo lwenguqu. Ukongeza koku, i-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso ikwanendima eyidlalayo eyodwa okanye eyeyequmrhu. Ngokunikezwa kweenkonzo zengcebiso kwezomthetho, iinkonzo zonxibelelwano, iinkonzo zolwazi ngendlela yobuchule beteknoloji, iinkonzo zeNkxaso yokuNikela kunye nezo ezima kube kanye endaweni, ithi izalisekiswe ke le ndima eyodwa/ yequmrhu.
Kucacile ukuba, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudlalwa ngokwanelisekayo kwendima yemisebenzi eyayanyiswe kwi-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso; kufuneka kube kho isakhiwo sokulungiselela, esanelisayo nesinefuthe. Isakhiwo sokulungiselela esipheleleyo esibonisa inani lamaqela azimeleyo, imisebenzi eyabiweyo nezikhundla ezabiweyo, zifakwe kwiSihlomelo A.
Ngokuvumelana noMthetho wokuKhuthazwa kokuFikelela kuLwazi, kuqeshwe iGosa loLwazi ukuqinisekisa ukwenza lula inkqubo yokufikelela kwiirekhodi zolwazi. Ukwengeza apho kukwaqeshwe namaSekela eGosa loLwazi ukuba ancedisane neGosa loLwazi kulo msebenzi.
NgokoMthetho wowe-2000, wokuFikelela kuLwazi, nabani na unelungelo lokufaka isicelo sokufikelela kwiirekhodi zolwazi eziselugcinweni lukaRhulumente okanye naliphi na iQumrhu loluntu lonke. Ukuze ubani abe nokufikelela kwirekhodi, kufuneka loo mntu azalise uxwebhu lwesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi. Olu xwebhu kufuneka lugqithiselwe kwiSekela leGosa loLwazi kwezi nkcukacha zonxibelelwano zinikwe apha ngasentla.
ISekela leGosa loLwazi liya kuqinisekisa ukuba ingaba lo mntu ufuna ulwazi ngumceli ozicelela ngokunokwakhe okanye hayi. Oku kuthetha ukuthi, ingaba ulwazi luphathelele kuphela kulo mntu ufaka isicelo okanye hayi. Ukuba umntu ngumceli ozicelela ngokunokwakhe, akukho ntlawulo iya kuya kufuneka ngaphambili. Ukuba ulwazi aluphathelelanga kuphela kulo mntu ucela ulwazi, kuya kufuneka intlawulo engamaR35,00 ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo iqhubeke.
Nje ukuba yenziwe intlawulo, iSekela leGosa loLwazi liya kuyalela igosa elifanelekileyo ukuba likhuphe i(i)rekhodi leyo(ezo) i(zi)fanelekileyo.
Yakukhutshwa irekhodi iSekela leGosa loLwazi liya kuluhlola olo xwebhu ze lithelekise iziqulatho zerekhodi nemihlaba yokwala njengoko ibekiwe nguMthetho.
Ukuba sinokuvunywa isicelo sokufikelela umceli / umceli ozicelelayo uya kwaziswa ngendleko afanele ukuzihlawula ukuze kuveliswe irekhodi kwakhona.
Xa yenziwe intlawulo yeendleko ezifanelekileyo, kuya kuveliswa irekhodi okanye inxalenye yayo leyo kunikwe imvume yokuba kufilelelwe kuyo. Yakuveliswa iya kuthi ke igqithiselwe kuloo mtu ubecele olo lwazi.
Kwimeko apho isicelo sokufikelela sithe asavunywa, uya kwaziswa loo mntu ubefake isicelo ngokungavunywa kwesicelo sakhe, aziswe nangeenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokubhena, emazilandelwe.
Iirekhodi kwi-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso zohlulwe ngokukhululekileyo ngokweerekhodi zembalelwano kunye nazo zonke iirekhodi ezingezezonxibelelwano (iirekhodi ezizezinye).
Imbalelwano ilawulwa iphathwe ngokweenkqubo zokufayilisha ezintathu, ezivunywe yiNdawo yePhondo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo ukuba zisetyenziswe kwiSebe eli. Yonke imbalelwano ephathelele kwimiba yabasebenzi ilawulwa ngokweNkqubo yokuFayilisha yeMisebenzi eFanayo yaBasebenzi; yonke enye imbalelwano ephathelele kwimisebenzi yokuxhasa, ilawulwa yiNkqubo yokuFayilisha yeMisebenzi eFanayo yaBasebenzi. Zombini ezi nkqubo zokufayilisha ziyagunyazisa kuwo onke amasebe kuLawulo lwePhondo loMntla Koloni - Northern Cape Provincial Administration (N C P A). Imbalelwano ephathelele imisebenzi engundoqo ye-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso ilawulwa yiNkqubo yokuFayilisha yeMisebenzi enguNdoqo eFanayo ekuphela eyeyodwa kule-Ofisi nengasetyenziswayo nakwawaphi amanye amasebe kwi-N C P A. Iifayile ezizodwa ezivulwe ngokweezi nkqubo zintathu zalathwe kwiRejista yeeFayile eziVuliweyo, encanyathelisiweyo.
Ezinye iirekhodi zilawulwa ziphathwe ngokweShedyuli yoLawulo lweeRekhodi, engekavunywa yiNdawo yePhondo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo.
Ukususela ngowe-1994 ukuya kowe-2001, i-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso zange izihlele izilawule iirekhodi zayo ngokuhambelanayo nemigqaliselo yendawo yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo, kulo mba. Ezi rekhodi kungoku nje, zibuyela umva ukufayilishwa ngokweenkqubo zokuhlela ezivunyiweyo (iinkqubo zokufayilisha neeShedyuli zeLawulo lweeRekhodi). Le yinkqubo engenakugqitywa ngokukhawuleza kwaye le ncwadana ibonisa kuphela ezo rekhodi ezithe zahlelwa ukusukela ngoMatshi we-2001. Njengoko iirekhodi ezingahlelwanga zibuyiselwa ekufayilishweni, le ncwadana iya kuthi ihlaziywe kwaye iikopi ezihlaziyiweyo ziya kungeniswa rhoqo kwiKomishini yoMzantsi Afrika yaMalungelo oLuntu.
I-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso inenkqubo yokufayilisha enye eyeyayo ekungavumelekanga ukuba isetyenziswe lilo naliphi icandelo elilelinye kule Ofisi yeNkulumbuso.
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Ukuzinikela koMzantsi Afrika kwilungelo lokufikelela kulwazi kunika intlonelo kwisibophelelo somgaqo-siseko wethu ukuba uvumele ukusebenza kwelungelo elisisiseko lokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe nguRhulumente okanye ulwazi olugcinwe kumaqumrhu azimeleyo.
Lo mThetho uluphuhliso olubalulekileyo xa kugqalwa umba wokugusha izinto ofunyenwe kulawulo lwegcuntswana olungekho mthethweni noluthathe amashumi eminyaka. Ngalo mThetho sikhanyisa isibane ukuze kuphele ukugushwa nokutya imu obekusenzeka kumashumi eminyaka yolawulo lobandlululo.
UmThetho No. 2 wama-2000 wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, unika ilungelo lomgaqo-siseko lokufikelela kulwazi olugcinwe ngurhulumente namaqumrhu azimeleyo njengenye yeenjongo zawo eziphambili.
Eli lungelo liya kunceda ukukhuthaza ukubekwa kwezinto elubala, ukuphendula nolawulo olusebenzayo lwamaqumrhu oluntu nazimeleyo.
Ngokwemiqathango yeli lungelo, liya kwenza ukuba abantu bethu bakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo nokuba benze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ekumiseni isizwe sethu ngokutsha besebenzisa ulwazi.
Eli lungelo likwakha phezu kwesiseko sethu ukukhuthaza (ngokubonakalayo) isizwe apho abantu baseMzantsi Afrika banokufikelela okunefuthe kulwazi ukuze bakwazi ukusebenzisa ze bakhusele amalungelo abo ngokupheleleyo.
Igunya elinikwe urhulumente wethu ngabantu beli lizwe yayi kukuba aqalise iinguqulelo, eziya kuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Lo mthetho uya kuthi wongeze ngokubonakalayo kwisiseko esingagungqiyo esakha phezu kwaso, ekulandeleni ulawulo olufanelekileyo nokunika iimpendulo ezifanelekileyo.
Umsebenzi obalulekileyo womThetho wama-2000 wokuFikelela kuLwazi, obhengezwe ngoMatshi wama-2001 kukudala uluntu apho abantu baseMzantsi Afrika baneendlela zokufumana ilungelo lokufikelela kulwazi olululo. Esi siqwenga sitsha somthetho senza ukuba bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bangapheleli nje ekusebenziseni amalungelo abo, kodwa okubaluleke ngakumbi kukuba bakhusele onke amalungelo abo njengoko ebhalwe kumGaqo-siseko. UmThetho wokuKhusela ukuFikelela kuLwazi sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuhlanganiseni imisindleko ekumQulu woyilo lwamaLungelo njengoko ebhaliwe kumGaqo-siseko.
Ulawulo lwethu lwesininzi eMzantsi Afrika lumi kwiintsika zenkululeko, ukulingana nokuhlonitshwa kwesidima soluntu. Lo mThetho mtsha uyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yohlengahlengiso, njengoko womeleza iziseko ezibekwe kumQulu woyilo lwamaLungelo.
Into eyayisisiqhelo phantsi kolawulo lobandlululo yayikukuba izenzo zikarhulumente nolawulo lwakhe zazigushwe ekhusini nokuthula, kufihlwa izenzo ezingcolileyo nezingekho mthethweni. Ngolonyulo lolawulo lwesininzi lowe-1994, singene kwindlela entsha ekhuthaza isithethe sokwenza izinto elubala nokukwazi ukuphendulela izenzo zethu.
UmThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi unika uluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika inyoba yokuba babe noncedo lokufumana ulwazi kurhulumente namaziko azimeleyo.
Lo mThetho mtsha wandisa isidingo sokuba onke amaziko asebenze ngokusemthethweni nokuba akwazi ukuphendulela zonke izenzo zawo. Lo mthetho mtsha uye wabhengezwa njengelinye inyathelo ekudaleni ubomi obungcono ngokuvelisa iinyoba kubemi ngokubanzi ukuba babe nokufikelela kulwazi olu- yaye lunokuthi kamva lwenze amaziko azimeleyo nawoluntu abe nokuphendulela izenzo zawo.
Iinguqulelo ezibalulekileyo zithe zenzeka kwisebe ngesithuba sowama-2000/2001 kunye nezinye izintlu.
Isebe ngoku liqulunqa ubume bequmrhu obuya kudwelisa ubume bolawulo ukuya kutsho kwizinga lokugqibela. Le oganogram iza kuquka neziBhedlele. Tyhila iphepha lokugqibela ukuze ubone umzekelo we-oganogram yesebe kunye neyeziBhedlele.
Zonke iziThili zemPilo zithe zamanywa kooMasipala beziThili. Isigqibo sokugqithisela iiNkonzo zemPilo zeziThili kumaGunya asemaKhaya siye senziwa. IQela elijongene nalo mbandela liye lamiselwa ngamaLungu eziGqeba (MECs) ajongene neMpilo nooRhulumente basemaKhaya neziNdlu ukuba lenze esi sigqibo sisebenze.
Eli qela lisebenza ngokubambeneyo neKomiti yesiZwe ejongene neMpilo kwiziThili. Kuyaqikelelwa ukuba ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kuya kwenzeka ngaphambi kukaJulayi 2002.
Iinkonzo ziyaphuculwa ngokuqaliswa komqulu oHlangeneyo weeNkonzo zenkathalo ezinguNdoqo.
Ubunzima obuphambili ngumgama omde kunye nokuba mbalwa kwabantu kwiphondo. Oku kwenza ukuba izakhono zethu zokuqinisekisa ukufikelela okupheleleyo ziphumpeke kwiinkozo ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, amanyathelo aphambili ayathatyathwa ukuzama ukuphucula ukufikelela.
Oogqirha beenkonzo zoluntu bathunyelwa kwiindawo ezikude apho ulawulo lusuka kwizibhedlele ezikhudlwana kunye noogqirha abazimeleyo abeza ngamathuba athile.
Oosomachiza abahlanu baye baqeshwa ukusuka ngoJanyawuri yaye oku kuthe kwaphucula ukulawula kwethu amachiza ngokufikelela okungcono kumayeza.
NgoJulayi 2000 oogqirha bamazinyo abanceda uluntu baye bathunyelwa. Eli nani lathi lanyuswa laya kwishumi elinanye ngoJanyawuri 2001. Ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zempilo emalunga nomlomo kuye kongezwa kakhulu. Kuchithwe isi-2 sezigidi zeerandi kwizixhobo zamazinyo ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okukwiqondo eliphezulu kwaba gqirha.
Iikliniki zethu ezikwiidolophu ezincinci zinika iinkonzo eziqhutywa ngabongikazi imini nobusuku (iiyure ezingama-24). Ubunzima apha kukuqeshwa komongikazi omnye ogqibeleleyo kwezinye zezi kliniki. Siza kuqinisekisa ukuba onke amaziko empilo engundoqo aya kuba nabongikazi bonyango ababini ubuncinane.
Iikomiti zoNyango ezicebisayo, ziye zamiselwa kwisiBhedlele saseKhimbali nezo zingqongileyo. Ezi komiti ziye zanegalelo kuphuculo lokufikelela kwi-EDL.
Ukugcinwa nokuhanjiswa kwamachiza kunikelwe kwinkampani iSekunjalo Medical Logistics. Into yokuba ukufumana amachiza akunakunikezelwa kwinkampani yangaphandle ngenxa yethenda kaRhulumente inika imingeni eyodwa kule nkqubo yokunikela ngaphandle. Inkampani ithi ibekwe esweni malunga nokuthobela kwayo imiqathango yethenda nesivumelwano sezinga leenkonzo.
Eli sebe liqinisekisa ubukho boluHlu lwamaChiza aDingekayo (EDL) kwizinga lama-80%. Oku kufanele ukunyukela kuma-90%.
Umgaqo wamachiza amabini ngommiselo ngamnye uyasetyenziswa yaye le grafu ingasezantsi ibonisa isiphumo.
Oosomachiza beenkonzo zoluntu abahlanu baye baqeshwa ngoJanyawuri.
Ulawulo lwethu lwamachiza luphazanyiswa kukunqaba kwabasebenzi bamachiza abazinikeleyo kumaziko amaninzi. Abongikazi kulindeleke ukuba bamkele amachiza ze balawule isitokhwe. Siyakubahlola ukuqeshwa kwabancedisi basemachizeni kwezi zakhiwo.
Ulwabiwo-mali lwamachiza olupheleleyo kumnyaka wama-2000/2001 lufikelele ngaphantsi nje kwama- R36 ezigidi.
Iinqwelo zezigulana ezikhwelisa abantu ababini ziyasebenza kummandla waseKhimbali. Oku kuza kwandiselwa kulo lonke iphondo ngeXesha le-MTEF. Oku kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba izigulana zifumana unyango apha endleleni. Imigama emide ehanjwayo kwiphondo yenza ukuba oku kubaluleke ngokukodwa.
IziThuthi zamaXesha kaXakeka ezingamashumi amathandathu ziza kuthengwa ngoJuni 2001. Ezi bhasi zingamashumi amane kwezi zikhoyo zilikhulu elineshumi ziza kuyeka ukusetyenziswa ngamaqumrhu angaphandle. Oku kuza kunyusa inani leebhasi liye kwikhulu elinamashumi amathathu anesithathu.
Kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemine, siza kuqalisa umgaqo weminyaka emithathu yokutshintsha iizithuthi zamaxesha kaxakeka. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba akukho sithuthi sidlulileyo kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Iinkonzo zoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo zikugqibe ngempumelelo ukufumana iimpahla zokhuseleko ezivunywe yi-SABS kulungiselelwa abaSebenzi bamaXesha kaXakeka (ECP).
Sityumbe isibhedlele saseSpringbok njengendawo ekunokubekwa kuyo ilebhu eyongezelelweyo kwiphondo. Uthethathethwano luyaqhubeka ukuze kufikelelwe kwisigqibo.
Emva kokwamkelwa kweziphakamiso zekomiti yesizwe enjongene neenkonzo zobuNgcali ngeziFo elizweni yiKhabhinethi yesiZwe, eli sebe lithe ukusukela ngoNovemba 2000, lamisela ummandla wolawulo lweenkonzo zophando ukuze kuqhutyelwe phambili inkqubo yokukhuphela amagumbi okugcina izidumbu asemthethweni ngokonyango, esuswa kwi-SAPS esiwa kwisebe lezempilo lephondo.
Nangona kwakukho impumelelo kwizinto ezininzi njengoko kubonisiwe, kuye kwakho nemiqobo ethile. Kumashumi amabini ananye abongikazi bophando abaqeqeshiweyo, kuphela mnye osetyenziswayo kwabathwesiweyo.
Eli phondo likwazingca ngokuba sivelise abongokazi bokuqala bophando kweli lizwe. Isizwe kulo mba sisebenzisa ubuchule beli phondo, sijonge ukumisela uhlelo lwesiZwe lokuqeqesha abongikazi bophando. Isebe lezeMpilo emNtla Koloni lijonge phambili ekuqhubekekeni nokuqeqesha abongikazi bophando kwiphondo ukuze kuncediswane neenkonzo ezinikwa ngoogqirha abeza ngamathuba athile kwezona ndawo zifikeleleka nzima kumNtla Koloni. Kuyacingwa nokuba aba bongikazi bophando baya kufumaneka lula kumaziko eemeko zobunzima eKhimbali nase-Upington.
Iphondo likwanegalelo elibonakalayo ekuqeqesheni abatshutshisi kuhlelo oluqhutywa nguMmandla wolawulo kulungiselelwa ubuNdlobongela obujoliswe kubaFazi nabaNtwana, obunxulumene namaTyala eSondo neCandelo leeNdaba zoluNtu kwi-ofisi yomPhathi weSizwe woTshutshiso loluNtu. Abathathi-nxaxheba kolu hlelo baquka - ngaphandle kwamapolisa omtshutshisi- oogqirha, oomantyi, oonontlalontle namaqumrhu oluntu. Olu qeqesho lujoliselwe ukuphuhlisa ukusebenza kweenkundla ezijongene namatyala esondo kwilizwe lonke.
Inkcitho yephondo ngoku kule nkonzo (i-SAPS neMpilo) imi kwi-R1.3 yezigidi. Inkxaso-mali eyongezelelweyo ukugcina nokwandisa ukunikwa kwale nkonzo ngaphakathi kwisebe lezempilo ifikelela kwi-R7, 4 sezigidi apho i-R2, 97 yayo iyimali eyinkunzi.
Oku kungasezantsi apha kubonisa ummandla wokusebenza olungiselelwe uMmandla woLawulo loLwazi ongaPhantsi kweSebe lezeMpilo ngeli xesha lohlolo.
Lwenza ulwazi lufumaneke lize linike ingxelo ngenkathalo enguNdoqo yeMpilo nolwazi lwempilo ngesibhedlele. Imodyuli yeeNkonzo zoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (EMC) isanda kongezwa kolu hlelo. Le Modyuli isaqaliswa kwisiThili esiseZantsi se-Orenji.
Olu hlelo lufakwe kwiikhompyutha kwii-ofisi zesithili zontlanu kodwa lusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwizithili ezibini kuphela (eKalahari nakwi-Orenji eseZantsi) okwangoku. Iingxaki ezifumaneka kwezinye izithili (uqhagamshelwano lwe-imeyile, imithombo noqeqesho) ziyaqwalaselwa. Ezi zithili zisathumela ulwazi lwazo ngemibhalo esephepheni luze lufakwe kwikhompyutha yi-ofisi yephondo. Ulwazi lwesibhedlele olubuncinane olufakwe kolu hlelo lwasetyenziswa ukususeka ngoJanyawuri 2001. ukulungiswa kweemodyuli ze-EMS kukwacetyiwe ngo-2001. Ingqalelo ngoku ifikelela ekugqityweni nokumisela olu lwazi ngokusemthethweni. Ulwazi luya kucatshulwa ze lusetyenziselwe iinjongo zolawulo nje ukuba le nkqubo ibe igqityiwe. Ingxelo yokuqala yesibhedlele yaqulunqwa ngoMatshi 2001.
Ngowe-1998, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiprojekthi eqaliswe liSebe lezemPilo lesiZwe, i-NCDH yathatha isigqibo sokuvuma ukumiselwa koqhagamshelwano lonxibelelwano lwesandi phakathi kwesibhedlele saseKhimbali (isiThili semiHlaba yeDayimani) nesaseKuruman (isiThili seKalahari). Olu qhagamshelwano lwaluza kunikelwa kunxulumano lwaphambi kokuzala, ukubelekisa kunye nezifo zabafazi (nokumitha). Isibhedlele saseKuruman njengeziko elithumelayo, ngeli xa isiBhedlele saseKhimbali siya kusebenza njengeziko elamkelayo. Kwisigaba sokuqala solu lingo ingqalelo yayisekuvavanyeni ubuchwephesha nokubonisa ithuba lokwenzeka kobu buchwephesha. Kule ngxelo ingasentla kucacile ukuba ubuchwephesha buyasebenza. Ubungqina obuthe rhoqo (phambi nangexesha lokusetyenzwa) babungaqulunqwanga ngendlela eyayinokunceda inkqubo yokubala ukusebenza kwezona ndleko kodwa ukuqwalaselwa kweencwadi zesibhedlele ngokubhekiselele kuthunyelo kwakunokunceda kwinkqubo enjalo. Ezinye inkomba ndleko kukwafuneka ziqwalaselwe kwiziseko zangaphambili nangexesha lokusetyenzwa.
Isebe liyakuqonda ukubaluleka kokulungelelanisa iinjongo zalo zophambo kunye nobume bophambo belizwe (isizwe), lithe ngoko lamisa kakuhle izicwangciso zalo ngommandla weGaleshewe neKgalagadi ukuba zihambelane noHlelo lukaMongameli lokuVuselela iiDolophu.
Ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo zempilo kwezi ndawo zimbini kujoliswe ekuhlangabezeni izidingo zabahlali ngeli xa kuhlala kujoliswe ngaphakathi kubume besizwe.
Malunga ne-11.2% (Uhlolo loZalo 2000) labantu abadala kwiphondo lomNtla Koloni bosulelwe yaye la mazinga asenokunyuka. Intsholongwane kaGawulayo sisifo esicaphazela abantu abatsha ababudala bubaphakathi kweminyaka eli-19 ukuya kuma-29 ikakhulu. Aba bantu batsha bathi bafe nguGawulayo phambi kokuba bafike kwiminyaka engama-35 ubudala.
Isigqeba esijongene noGawulayo sePhondo samiselwa nge-19 Septemba 2000 apho kwakuthathwa inxaxheba epheleleyo lushishino, abafazi, amaxhwele nabo bonke abanye abathathi nxaxheba njengoko kuchaziwe kwimiqathango yokubhekisa ye-SANAC.
Sijonge ukumisela isigqeba sikaGawulayo sesiThili phakathi kowama-2001. Uninzi lwezibonda zeedolophu zithe zathatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwizinto eziqalwe ziingingqi ekulungiseleleni ukumiselwa kwesiGqeba sikaGawulayo sesiThili.
Le komiti ibonisa imo enqamlezileyo yesi sifo ize iqinisekise uthatho-nxaxheba lwawo onke amasebe kwiphulo lokuchasana nogawulayo nentsholongwane yakhe. Amasebe amakhulu asebenzisa iintlelo zikaGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe ezinxulumene neyona misebenzi yawo kancinci nakancinci. Olu qalo luthe lwandiselwa kwezinye zezithili zethu, ezithe zavula iikomithi zazo ukuba zamkele namacandelo angaphandle. Ezi komiti zidlala indima ephambili ekuhlelweni kweenkqubo, amaphulo, kuquka uSuku lukaGawulayo kwiHlabathi (amaDoda angenza umahluko') oluthe lwakho kuzo zonke izithili ngomhla woku-1 kuDisemba.
Isebe lezeMpilo, eleNtlalontle neleMfundo aqale imizamo yokusebenzisa ubuchule obuhlangeneyo bokuchasa uGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe. Ikomiti yephondo ithe yamiselwa ukuba ilungelelanise ze yongamele olu hlelo. Isigaba sokuqala seli hlelo siqale eDe Aar yaye siza kudluliselwa nakwezinye izithili kancinci nakancinci.
UHlelo olusekelwe esikolweni lujolise kwizikolo zeprayimari nezesekondari. Uqeqesho lweetitshala sele luqalile. Olu hlelo ikakhulu luxanduva lweSebe lemFundo.
Ikomishoni yoluTsha ihlangene necandelo lomLungelelanisi kaGawulayo zithe zaqalisa amanyathelo okumisela amaqela enkcubeko athe adlala imiboniso yemfundiso nokwazisa ngoGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe.
Abantu abali-116 abanika inkathalo nabaqeqeshi abali-10 bathe bafumana uqeqesho. IsiBhedlele saseKhimbali sisebenzisana namaqumrhu angekho phantsi korhulumente banika uncedo lwamva lokudambisa iintlungu. Kukho inkqubo ekhoyo yokuphuhlisa uhlelo lothunyelo nothutho kubantu abagula kakhulu bedinga umandlalo. Kulindelwe iinkxaso-mali zesizwe ukuba kuqeshwe aba baniki-nkathalo njengabangxungxi.
Abaniki-ngcebiso abangama-54 nabantu abangama-28 abongezelelekileyo bathe baqeqeshwa kulawulo lohlolo olukhawulezayo.
Kukho iziko elithe lamiselwa ukulungiselela abantu abaPhila noGawulayo neNtsholongwane yakhe (PLA). Eli ziko lijolise ekuhoyeni ii-PLA ngokupheleleyo. Kukho ikomiti eyenziwe ngabathathi nxaxheba abohlukeneyo yaye umlawuli oqeshwe ngokupheleleyo uqalise ngoJanyawuri.
Simisele iikliniki zasemisebenzini. Abasebenzi migodini abangama-28 bathe baqeqeshwa. USpoornet, UDe Beers noTelkom ngamahlakani omsebenzi asebenzisana rhoqo.
Isebe lezeeNdlela noThutho limisele iibhodi zezaziso ecaleni kweendlela ezinkulu ezahlukeneyo. "UHlelo lokuPhila ngokuQiniseka" (Living Positive Programme) lwamiselwa ngoMeyi 2000 eNamaqualand, nemizobo yodonga eyenziwe lulutsha oluthe dlundlu iyabonakala kwiphondo. Imingcwabo nayo ithe yasetyenziswa njengethuba lokuthetha ngokuchasene nesi sifo.
INtlangano kaGawulayo yoluTsha lwasemNtla Koloni, eyenziwa lulutsha lwamaqela eenkonzo, enkcubeko nemidlalo, yathi yakhiwa ngokunxulumana kweKomishoni yoluTsha necandelo likaGawulayo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba sidlulele ekuqondiseni isebe lezempilo namalungu esiGqeba sikaGawulayo bathe bafumana izicelo zokuba baye ze bathethe kwiinkqubo zamabandla nemingcwabo yamaxhoba kaGawulayo.
Elinye iphepha lasekuhlaleni libonisa iribhoni ebomvu enomnxeba woncedo lukaGawulayo simahla mihla le. Amaziko osasazo amathathu asekuhlaleni athe abekela bucala amathuba okuba isebe lithethe ngemiba exhalabisayo nokuba liphendule imibuzo yabaphulaphuli abatsala umnxeba.
Lo mzobo ubonisa ukunyuka kuphazamiseko olupheleleyo lokunyanga ngesi-1% ngomnyaka wama-2000, yaye ngoko ugxininiso lubekwa kwii-DOT zethu eziseluNtwini neentlelo zokuxhathisa ezilungiselelwe iTB edinga amaChiza amanizi. Ngowe-1997 amaqondo onyango lwesifo sephepha kwiphondo ayengama-56, 5% yaye oku kuthe kwenyuka kwaya kuma-62% ngalo mnyaka kuhlolwa ngawo.
Olu hlelo luhambelana nezikhokelo zesizwe yaye zinomthwalo wezigulana ze-MDR ezili-129.
Iphondo lineendawo ezintathu ezikhethiweyo; ezimbini zezikarhulumente ukuze enye ibe yezimeleyo. Abazalisi abangama-85 bathe baqeqeshwa kuthethathethwano lwangaphambili nasemva koqhomfo. Abazalisi aba-4 abatshatsheleyo nabanxulumanisi ababini baye baqeqeshwa kuhlelo lwemfundo olusasaziweyo kwiindawo ezininzi kulungiselelwa abazalisi abatshatsheleyo nenzululwazi yezentlalo kwisiBhedlele saseMc Cord.
Kumzamo wokunciphisa iqondo lokufa kwabafazi abazalayo kweli phondo, ubuchule nezixhobo ziyaphuculwa. Ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka kwabazalisi abanezakhono emaphandleni, abazalisi abali-18 abongeziweyo bayaqeqeshwa kubuzalisi obutshatsheleyo kumzamo wokusebenzisana phakathi kweli sebe neDyunivesithi yaseFreystata.
Izizathu eziphambili zokufa kwabantu ababelekayo ngoko kukuma kwentliziyo/ukuphefumla.
Bonke abantwana abazelwe ukusuka phakathi kukaMeyi 1999 bafumana I-HIB, ifakwe kucwangco lokugonywa lwesiqhelo. Ufako lwe-BCG emzimbeni kuyenziwa kuzo zonke izithili. Iphondo ligonye ama-80%, liphakathi kwezona ndawo ziphezulu kwilizwe.
Inani labafazi abanabantwana ekhulwini abakwiminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwi-19.
ULawulo oluHlangeneyo lweziGulo zabaNtwana olwenziwa kuwo onke amaziko empilo aphambili. Abongikazi babantwana abangama-30 bathe baqeqeshwa kulawulo lwabanezigulo.
IsiBhedlele saseMini iGaleshewe nesiBhedlele saseKhimbali zabhengezwa njengezinobubele ebantwaneni yaye zafumana amanqaku aphezulu kwilizwe lonke. IziBhedlele ezibini ezongezelelekileyo ezinobubele ebantwaneni zisalindele uhlolo oluvela ngaphandle.
Iphondo lomNtla Koloni linesiBhedlele esinye sengqondo; isiBhedlele saseWest End esiseKhimbali esiyinxalenye yoXando lwesiBhedlele saseKhimbali. Sineebhedi ezili-107 apho ezingama-59 zibekelwe abagula ngokuhlaseleka yingqondo zize ezingama-48 zibe zezezigulana ezimo yazo yokugula ithuba elide zibe zigcinwe esibhedlele. Ngokuphunyezwa komthetho wempilo yengqondo iibhedi ziza kulungiselelwa unyango lwabahlaselekayo kwizibhedlele zezithili.
Izivumelwano sezifikelelwe nesiBhedlele sase-Orana ukuba samkele izigulana zikarhulumente. Izigulana zikarhulumente ezili-15 nezinye ezithandathu ezizokujongwa ziza kwamkelwa nyanga zonke. Iingxoxo malunga nokunyuswa kwenani leebhedi zezigulana zikarhulumente ziyaqhubeka phakathi koLawulo lweMpilo lomNtla Koloni nolweFreyistata.
Iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo zinatyiselwe kwizithili. Kwixesha elidlulileyo iinkonzo zohlolo-ngqondo zoluntu bezinikwa ngendlela eya phezulu. Amaziko angama-58 eMpilo akwinkqubo yokuhambisa iinkonzo ezihlangeneyo zempilo yengqondo kwiphondo.
Oyena nobangela uphambili wokonzakala ngokwasengqondweni kukuhlaselwa. Uhlelo lokuthintela ulwaphulo mthetho luyasetyenziswa lulawulo lwephondo njengobuchule obuhlanganiswe ngamasebe. Ikomiti yokuthintela ulwaphulo mthetho, apho iSebe loKhuselo noNxibelelwano lukhokelayo, ibandakanyiwe kule nkqubo.
Ikliniki yeMpilo yasemSebenzini (PHS): I-PHS ngendlela yokunyanga iintlungu ezingephi zamihla le iqhutywa ngabasebenzi besiBhedlele saseKhimbali njengoko oku kungenisa umthombo wolwazi loqikelelo-manani noqwalaselo lwezifo. Ukuxilongwa nokulawulwa kwabasebenzi. Uhlolo lwangaphambi kokusebenza kubaqeshwa abatsha. Uhlolo lwamaxesha athile nokhutsho. Ukunyangwa kokwenzakala emsebenzini kuquka neengozi zezikhali. IMpilo yomSebenzi yokuHlaliswa nguGqirha: ukuhlolwa kweendawo zempangelo. Upicotho, uhlolo nokubeka esweni okusisiseko.
Ukusasazwa kolwazi: ukuncedisa ekuqeqesheni imigaqo emayilandelwe nezikhokelo, IMpilo nokhuseleko lwe-W.R. ukunika ithala lamayeza, amachiza omsebenzi nempilo nokhuseleko lomsebenzi kubo bonke abanomdla.
Ukugqitywa ngempumelelo kohlelo lokucupha kwiGumbi lokuhlamba iimpahla kwisiBhedlele saseKhimbali.
Isalathi msebenzi: ukuncipha okuphawulekayo kwiqondo lokungezi emsebenzini.
Ukugqitywa ngempumelelo kohlelo lokubeka esweni nokucupha kwiKhitshi lesiBhedlele saseKhimbali.
Isalathi msebenzi: ukuncipha kwenani lezikhalo ngemiqolo ebuhlungu.
Ukuphuhliswa kwesiCwangciso sokuSebenza seNgozi esilungiselelwe imiChiza kwiindawo zokuNyangela iziFo zamaThambo noLondolozo kwisiBhelele saseKhimbali.
Isalathi msebenzi: akukho zingozi nakonzakala emsebenzini.
Uluntu olulandelayo okusathethwa nalo lolo lwasePostmasburg nemimandla engqongileyo. Le nkqubo iza kulungelelaniswa liCandelo njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasezantsi. Le projekthi yaqalwa ngentlangano yocweyo eyayibanjwe ePostmasburg ngoFebhuwari ka-1999 apho malunga nama-30 abameli boluntu bathi baziswa malunga nenkqubo yembuyekezo neenkqubo ezizizo emazilandelwe.
Ngokuhambisana nomThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFikelela kuLwazi, iGosa loLwazi liye laqeshwa/lathwaliswa uxanduva lokuqinisekisa ulungelelaniso lwenkqubo yokufikelela kulwazi/amaxwebhu (iirekhodi). Okunye, OoSekela bamaGosa olwazi bathe baqeshwa/bathwaliswa uxanduva lokuncedisa igosa lolwazi kumsebenzi walo.
NgokomThetho wokuFikelela kuLwazi, 2000, nawuphi na umntu unelungelo lokucela ukufikelela kulwazi /iirekhodi ezigcinwe nguRhulumente okanye iQumrhu loluNtu. Ukuze abe nokufikelela kwirekhodi, ubani kufuneka agcwalise ifomu yesicelo sokufikelela kulwazi. Le fomu yayanyiswe kulo mqulu njengesiHlomelo B. Le fomu kufuneka ithunyelwe kwiSekela-Gosa loLwazi, kwezi nkcukacha zokunxibelelana zingasentla.
Nje ukuba umrhumo uhlawulwe, iSekela-Gosa loLwazi liya kuyalela loo msebenzi ufanelekileyo ukuba afumane olo(loma) xwebhu.
Lisa kube lifunyenwe uxwebhu olo, iSekela-Gosa loLwazi liya kuhlola olo xwebhu lithelekise okuqulethwe luxwebhu nemihlaba yokwalela, njengoko imiselwe ngumThetho.
Ukuba ukufikelela kuyavunywa, ocelayo/ozicelelayo uya kwaziswa ngeendleko emazihlawulwe ngokukhutshelwa kolo xwebhu.
Kusa kube kuhlawulwe umrhumo ofanelekileyo, uxwebhu olo lwamkelelwe isicelo okanye inxalenye yalo, luya kukhutshelwa ze lithunyelwe kulo mntu obecele ulwazi.
Ukuba ukufikelela kuxwebhu akuvunywa, lo mntu obecele ukufikelela kolo xwebhu, uya kwaziswa ukuba ukufikelela akuvunywanga yaye iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokubhena ekufuneka zilandelwe nazo ziya kuvezwa.
Amaxwebhu apha eSebeni ahlulwe ngendlela eyekeyeke ngokwamaxwebhu embalelwano kunye nazo zonke iirekhodi ezingeyombalelwano (ezinye iirekhodi).
Imbalelwano ilawulwa ijongwe ngokweendlela zokufayilisha ezintathu ezivunyelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe e-ofisini yindawo yePhondo yokuGcina iiMbalelwano. Zonke iimbalelwano ezimalunga nemiba yabasebenzi zilawulwa yiNkqubo eFanayo yokuFayilisha imiSebenzi yabaSebenzi; zonke ezinye iimbalelwano ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yenkxaso zilawulwa yiNkqubo eFanayo yokuFayilisha imiSebenzi yabaSebenzi. Ezi nkqubo zimbini zokufayilisha zigunyazisiwe kuwo onke amasebe akuLawulo lePhondo lomNtla Koloni (NCPA). Zonke iimbalelwano ezimalunga nemisebenzi emiselweyo ye-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso zilawulwa yiNkqubo yokuFayilisha imiSebenzi eMiselweyo efumaneka kule-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso kuphela, ibe ingasetyenziswa kuwo nawaphi na amanye amasebe e-NCPA. Ifayile zabantu abathile ezivulwe ngokwemiqathango yezi nkqubo zintathu ziboniswa kwiRejista yeeFayile eziVuliweyo, eyayanyiswe apha.
Eminye imiqulu ilawulwa ze inonotshelwe ngokwemiqathango yiNkqubo yokuLawula amaXwebhu, engekaphunyezwa phofu ziziGcini-mbalo zePhondo.
Ukusuka kowe-1994 - 2001, iSebe alizange lihlele lilawule amaxwebhu alo ngokwemimiselo yokugcina iimbalo xa kufikwa kulo mba. La maxwebhu okwangoku asafayilishwa ngokwendlela yokuhlela ephunyeziweyo (iinkqubo zokufayilisha neNkqubo yokuLawula amaXwebhu). Le yiNkqubo engenakho ukugqitywa ngexeshana yaye lo mqulu ngoko uveza kuphela loo maxwebhu athi ahlelwa ukusuka ngoMatshi 1998. Njengokuba amaxwebhu angahlelwanga esafayilishwa, lo mqulu uza kuhlaziywa yaye izikhutshelo zolo hlaziyo ziya kuqhubeka zingeniswa kwiKomishoni yamaLungelo oluNtu eMzantsi Afrika.
IIFAYILE AKUFUNEKI ZIDLULE KWI-3 CM UBUBANZI. ISAKUFIKELELA KOBU BUBANZI, IFAYILE KUFUNEKA IVALWE UKUZE KUVULWE UQWEQWE OLUTSHA. INANI LOMQULU OMTSHA (UMZ. Vol 2) MALIBONISWE NGAPHANDLE KOLU QWEQWE LUTSHA. IPHEPHA ELINALA MAGAMA: "IVALIWE, KHANGELA UMQULU " KUFUNEKA LIFAYILISHWE EKUGQIBELENI KULE FAYILE IVALIWEYO. "UMQULU 1" KUFUNEKA UBONAKALISWE KUPHELA XA UMQULU 2 SELE UVULIWE.
Izixhobo ezihambayo zokunceda Gqibezela ukuva.
Ukugunyaziswa kwempilo engundoqo Igumbi logcino-ncwadi zabasebenzi/Umncedi.
Iprojekthi yokuXhobisa Igumbi logcino-ncwadi zabasebenzi/Umnced.
Ezengqondo 2. imithombo yoluntu iradiyoloji 3. inkxaso yobuchwephesha ingozi ehlangeneyo ezokuzala 4. izimali ezoomama 5. iinkonzo zenkxaso yonyango ezotyando 6.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UYILO LOKUPHAMBA LOLIMO LASEMZANTSI AFRIKA (2001).txt</fn>
Icandelo loyilo lokuphamba ulimo lubaluleke ngokukhwencayo kuba yimveliso kaRhulumente namashishini. Ngenxa yoko, ndifuna ukucacisa umbulelo onyanisekileyo nokuxabisa uMongameli, uMnumzana Thabo Mbeki, kubunkokheli bakhe xa ebemema abameli boshishino bakwa-Agri-SA (bolimo eMzantsi Afrika) nomanyano lwamafama esizwe sase-Afrika(NAFU) ukuba bahlangane noRhulumente ekuzobeni ingqikelela-mgama wabo bonke abalimi apho uRhulumente noshishino beza kubophelela imizamo yabo nobutyebi ekuzalisekisweni kwayo.
Urhesho kolu thelelwano kukuba uRhulumente noshishino kungoku babelana ngengqikelela-mgama yabo bonke kwicandelo lemicimbi yokuphamba; bangakha uthelelwano kwisakhelo senkqubo sabo bonke; baza kwabelana ngomthwalo woGunyaziso loQoqosho lwabaMnyama bakhulise inzuzo zamashishini olimo ngexesha elinye; yaye ukususela ngoku kuye phambili kuza kubakho imiyalezo engundoqo yabo bonke ukunika uwonke wonke, icandelo, ilizwe lethu, ilizwekazi lase -Afrika nehlabathi.
Umbono womanyano, ongenabuhlanga necandelo lolimo olunempumelelo olusekwe kwinjongo zeziphamba ezithathu zendlela nokuthabatha inxaxheba, ukhuphiswano nenzuzo nokugcinwa kolawulo lobutyebi. Lo ngumbono omde oza kulandelwa phantse yonke lenkulungwane ukuzisa inkqubo entsha, enomahluko nengaphezulu yolimo kunale ikhoyo.
Icandelo elitsha elicingwayo liza kulungelelaniswa ukuba ludlale indima yalo kwimbali yokunikezela ngokutya nemveliso yolimo neenkonzo kwilizwe lethu, kwilizwekazi lethu nehlabathi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iSebe loLimo lichonge izenzo ezicetywayo ukuba uRhulumente ulindeleke ukuba enze, yaye ubandakanye ezo zinokusetyenziswa kuyilo lokuphamba lweminyaka emithathu ezayo. Isebe likwabandakanya kwa-ezi zenzo zicetywayo kuyilo lomsebenzi lequmrhu lonyaka walo ukususela ngo-2002 kuye phambili.
Kwinqanaba lobumbano kuRhulumente, iSebe lizibophelele yaye liza kuqhubekeka lizibophelela kumaSebe oLimo amaphondo nakwizinto ezikhoyo kulimo lukawonke wonke, ukwamkela icandelo loyilo lokuphamba njengesakhelo -senkqubo somgaqo -nkqubo ekuyileni uphambo olulolwabo noyilo lomsebenzi lequmrhu.
Kwinqanaba lasebuRhulumenteni lesizwe, iSebe libeke icandelo loyilo lophambo kuluhlu lwezinto eziza kuxoxwa yesixokelelwano yeqela lesigqeba sombuso ukuzuza inkxaso kwamanye amasebe ukuzalisekisa ngokuyimpumelelo uyilo. ISebe kwakhona liza kufuna isigqeba sombuso uxhase ubandakanye izenzo ezicetywayo kwiSakhelo -senkqubo sokuPhamba esiPhakathi seGama sikaRhulumente ngokubandakanya iSakhelo -senkqubo yeNkcitho esiPhakathi seGama.
Ngesi sithuba, iSebe liphinda liyenza indawo ephambili uqingqo -mali lwayo ngokunjalo ukuzuza imali ukunxibelelana necandelo loyilo lokuphamba elizweni, ibandakanya nePalamente, amaphondo, ooRhulumente basekhaya, amashishini ezolimo nemibutho yasekuhlaleni. Uze kuzokuthi ga ngoku, iSebe kuthembela koomahlulelane wayo ukuthabatha inxaxheba ikhokele kwiindawo ezizezayo.
Umbulelo wam wokugqibela uya kwiShishini loMenzeli lamaZwe aManyeneyo okuPhuhlisa eziZwe (USAID) ngokunikela ngemali ngobubele kulo msebenzi.
ULimo, olubandakanya yonke imisebenzi yoqoqosho ukusukela kumalungiselelo wezinto ezifakwa phakathi ekufamisheni, ukongeza ixabiso nasekufamisheni, kusashiyeka kulicandelo elibalulekileyo kuqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika nangona inesabelo esincinane esithe ngqo yemveliso ekrwada yasekhaya (GDP) xa iyonke.
ULimo lubonelela ngokutya nokwakhiwa ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ezisisiseko ezimbini zomntu, Ibe nempumelelo ekuhlangabezeni ezi mfuno ngokwanda kwemveliso xa abantu beli lizwe babe yingxenye yezigidi eziyi-4 ukujika kwenkulungwane ye-20 kwezi zigidi zingamashumi amane akhoyo ngoku. Abasebenzi basefama, amafama neentsapho zawo bancedisile kuqoqosho xa bebechitha imivuzo yabo ekusebenziseni izinto ezithengwayo neenkonzo, okanye xa bethenga izinto ezifakwa phakathi ukulungiselela imveliso kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo. Ngoluhlobo ulimo luba ngumqolo wokwanda nokuphuhlisa. Impembelelo yalo kuqoqosho ibonakaliswe zizantyalantyala zeemvula ezisandula kubakho ezonakalise iindawo zamaphondo elaseMntla nelaseMpumalanga ngeyomDumba ka-2000, xa isantya sokwanda kwe-GDP yelizwe kusehla ngepesenti enye.
Ii-akhawunti zokuqala zolimo ze-4,5% ze-GDP yoMzantsi Afrika xeshikweni indawo enkulu yomhlaba nokutya ii-akhawunti zintsokothile ngenye i-9%. Kuna malunga ne-50 000 ububanzi bamafama orhwebo ongamayo, kodwa engazikhethanga, ezitsalwe kubantu abamhlophe. Ngo-2000 bathumela kwelinye ilizwe kangange sigidi sezigidi ezilishumi elinesithandathu seeRanti samaxabiso emveliso, okanye phantse ipesenti ezilishumi zoMzantsi Afrika xa zizonke izinto ezithunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe. Baqesha isigidi esinye sabasebenzi, okanye kangangepesenti ezilishumi elinanye xa zizonke zengqesho emiselekileyo yoMzantsi Afrika. Abasebenzi basefama abaninzi bahlala kwiifama zorhwebo yaye abantwana babo bafumana imfundo kwizikolo zasezifama. Iifama zorhwebo ngoko zinikezaimpiliso nezindlu kumalungu eentsapho ezingange zigidi ezithandathu zabaqeshwa abasigidi esinye banikeze neemfuno zabo zemfundo.
Kukwakho neefama ezincinane eziyi-240 000 ezinikeza impiliso kumalungu eentsapho ezingaphezu kwesigidi esinye nengqesho yethuba elithile kwabanye abantu abayi-500 000. Babonelela iimakethe zabemi nezemimandla apho amanani amakhulu abarhwebi abangamiselekanga lisenza ukuphila. Ngaphezu koko, kukho amafama azizigidi ezithathu athelekelelwayo, ikakhulu kwindawo zabo bonke wendawo ezazisa kuba ngamaphandle, abavelisa ukutya kuqala ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zentsapho zawo.
Ekugqibeleni, imisebenzi evelisayo neyasekuhlaleni yedolophu zasezilalini namaziko enkonzo zijongiswe endaweni kwinkxaso yabo ekuqaleni ukulima nakwimisebenzi enxulumeneyo njengolimo- lokhenketho nokufuya izilwanyana. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha samaphondo nakangangeepesenti ezingamashumi amane yoluntu luphela lelizwe, ngoko ke axhomekeke ikakhulu kulimo namashishini anxulumeneyo.
Ngenxa yale ndima imandundu yecandelo elibanzi lolimo, uMongameli uThabo Mbeki uyithathe njengokuba kuyimfuneko ukuba neentlanganiso rhoqo neqela elisebenzayo elivela kumalungu ombutho wolimo ukumisela iimfuno zecandelo nendawoeziphathelele kwimicimbi yesizwe. Ngexesha lenye yezintlanganiso ngeyoKwindla ngo-2001 uMongameli waxelelwa ukuba icandelo llakhathazwa yinyambalala yemigaqo- nkqubo nazinzima zeziko ezizinqandayo ukuba zisebenze ngokuzinikela ngokugcweleyo yaye ngoko ke incedisa okona kulunga kwinjongo zesizwe zokukhulisa, ukukhuphisana nobulunga. UMongameli ucele indima zabadlali abohlukeneyo ukuchonga uphambo olufana macala oluza kunika ugqaliselo olwaneleyo ukumanyanisa nokukhulisa icandelo.
Olu xwebhu lugqabaza ngoyilo lwecandelo lokuphamba lolimo loMzantsi Afrika luncedise ngokubhekiselele ngasekuphileni kwabantu baseMzantsi Afrika xa bebonke. Yayilwa kwinkqubo eyayicebisa ngoluhlu olubanzi lwabathelelani babehlulelani abangundoqo bokuphamba, ibizwa ngokuba luBumbano lwamaFama ase-Afrika eSizwe, uLimo laseMzantsi Afrika (Agri SA) neSebe loLimo.
Qinisekisa ukwandiswa kwendlela nokuthabatha inxaxheba kwicandelo ngenkqubo nodweliso lwenkqubo zokugunyazisa ezilwe kakuhle.
Lo mbono uquka uthabatho nxaxheba olunenzuzo olugciniweyo kuqoqosho lolimo eMzantsi Afrika ngabathelelani, benakana imfuno yokugcina wandise imveliso yorhwebo, ukwakha ukhuphiswano lezizwe nokuchaza imbali zamafa nemitsalane yabucala ethe iziphumo zayo zaba kwindlela nomelo olugoso.
Umbono unika umfanekiso ocacileyo apho ulimo eMzantsi Afrika lufuna ukuba kwixesha elide. Esona sithintelo singundoqo kwimpumelelo yokuzalisekisa olu phambo lukhoyo kodwa lungekasetyenziswa yintlaninge yokuba nako elele ebantwini nakwizixhobo zobutyebi, nenzuzo ephantsi nokhuphiswano olunyanzela uthabatho nxaxheba ububanzi obugcweleyo bezinto ezikhoyo zabantu noqoqosho. Le ngxaki icacile kwinani leengxakana -ingxaki nganye inikeza imiceli mngeni yayo.
Imiboniso yeyokuba icandelo lolimo eMzantsi Afrika luphendula ngemo evumayo kumceli mngeni wokwandiswa kokhuphiswano. Nangona , kukwakho ubungqina ukuba amanye amacandelwana olimo nemisebenzi eyongeza ixabiso awakhuphisani kwimarike zasekuhlaleni nezamazwe. Oku kunezizathu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya amaxabiso aphezulu ezinto ezifakwe phakathi ezidityaniswe nemveliso ephantsi, imiphambo engemihlanga yoshishino nokungasebenzi kakuhle, nokuziqhelanisa norhwebo olungalunganga ngabo bakhuphisana nathi, njl-njl. Ukuswela ukhuphiswano nezizwe nako kukhokelela kwinzuzo ephantsi nangaphantsi kwezinto ezibuyiswayo eziqhelekileyo kwicandelo, neziphinda kwakhona zithembakale kuzaliso mali oluphantsi kumashishini athile. Le inokuba ngowona wona mceli mngeni ungundoqo ofuna ukucaciswa ukubeka ulimo kwindlela yokhuliso oluphezulu ecetywayo.
Ngenxa yelifa lokuthinta nokucalulwa kulimo laseMzantsi Afrika, umceli mngeni ngoku kukuphucula uthabatho nxaxheba kuwo onke amacala ecandelo siwakhulule kubekanye yaye kwemininzi imiqobo yamangenelo awo onke antsusa yawo ikwimbali isekukholelweni kabini. Umceli mngeni ikakhulu usekubeni kuchongwe uluhlu lweenkqubo eziza kukhuthaza imingeni emitsha -abamnyama nabamhlophe; abancinci nabadala; amadoda nabafazi; amashishini amancinane naphakathi ekungeneleni icandelo. Kubalulekile ukufumana iindlela zokuqinisekisa zonke eziyantlukwano zibalulekileyo ziviwa ngokuyinyani licandelo sizibone njenge zinto ezifanel'ukuba zikwindawo enye.
Ukuthembela kuzaliso mali oluphantsi kwezolimo lungenanto lwenziwa yimbuyiselo ephantsi kwakunye nokuqiniseka kunye noqoqosho oluphakathi olunzima neengxaki zasekuhlaleni zongquzulwano ekuzaliseni imali nemveliso efana negalelo lababulali bamafama, ukukhutshwa nokuhlala ngaphandle kwevume. Ukuthembela kokuzalisa imali kuyimfuneko ukuphumelelisa intlokomo nokukhula kwecandelo lolimo.
Ukusalela kokuhambisa nokuzalisekisa uluhlu olubanzi lwemilinganiselo, imimiselo noluhlu lweenkqubo kwakunye nezixokelelwano zokuxhasa okungonelanga kukaRhulumente -zonke zinobunzima ukuqinisekisa kokusingqongileyo okuncedayo kwezolimo -kwenza elona xhala nomceli mngeni kuwo onke amashishini omenzeli karhulumente axhasa icandelo lolimo. Iimbonakalo ezincedisa kule ngxaki kukuqhekezwa kweenkonzo ezithile, ubutyebi obungenelanga, ulawulo olungaqinanga nokumela kwakunye nezigqibo ezithobekileyo zabalawuli nokusoloko kumane kulityaziswa ixesha elide ukuthatha izigqibo.
Umhlaba ongasetyenziswayo onokubakho phezulu naphakathi awuxhaphakanga eMzantsi Afrika, yaye kukho unyino ekwandisweni ukuthi tyaba kwemveliso yezolimo. Ukongeza, amaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza neenkonzo ukuxhasa ukusetyenziswa komhlaba ocingwayo awonelisi. Uluhlu lweenkqubo zikaRhulumente o.k.t.
Obuphumelelayo kodwa bungasebenzi kakuhle. Ukuthotywa komhlaba kushiyeka kuyingxaki kwimihlaba elungileyo nengenamsebenzi. Ukwandiswa koxinezelelo kwezolimo ukwandisa imveliso kwiyunithi nganye yomhlaba, ngumceli mngeni ongundoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba le ayenzeki ukonakalisa umhlaba wesiseko sobutyebi bethu bendalo.
Ezinye izinto eziphakathi zophambo ziyancomeka yaye ziza kuncedisela ngasekubumbeni nasekubuyiseleni ukuzithemba kulimo.
Ezi zincomo zenjongo zophambo zibalulekile kuba zinikeza ukusekwa okunzima ngaphandle kokuba injongo yophambo yokukhuphisana, ukubandakanya nolimo olucingiweyo alunakuqondwa. Bakwa gxininisa uxhomekeko lecandelo kuxhaso lwamanye amasebe namashishini angamaqela kaRhulumente.
Umbono wecandelo lolimo olumanyeneyo nolunempumelelo lufuna omahlulelane ukuba babe noyilo olusebenzayo, imiqondiso engundoqo esebenzayo, amanqanaba enkonzo yothutho, ukongamela nokuvavanya izixokelelwano namaxesha ezakhelo ukwenzela siqonde iinjongo zecandelo lokuyila lokuphamba. Ikwafuna ukuba uRhulumente enze izinto ngokwahlukileyo -ngokukhawuleza okukhulu okudibene nokugxama athelelane namafama, amashishini olimo, i-NGO namanye amasebe kaRhulumente.
Inkcukacha zoyilo lokusebenza lolu yilo lokuphamba luza kuveliswa ngabo bonke abo bathelelani abazityhole ngokwabo ngemfanelo yokuzalisekisa. Izintoni ezicaciswe kolu xwebhu zizakhelo zenkqubo yophambo, uluhlu lweenkqubo eziphambili, ilungu elidibeneyo lokuzalisekisa namalungiselelo kubahlali -uwonke wonke -abathelelanisi babucala. Ukuya ekugqibeleni, abathelelani abakhokeleyo, ukutsho oko iSebe loLimo, uLimo eMzantsi Afrika (Agri -SA) neNAFU -aza kuzinzisa ikomiti esisigxina. Imizamo isendleleni ukuba babandakanye umsebenzi oqondakalayo, ii-NGO, imibutho esekelezelwe ekuhlaleni nemibutho yamanye amazwe.
Ukuthoba ixabiso lemveliso xa lilonke, lubandakanye noncitshiso kwiirhafu nemisebenzi kwidizile nakwezinye izinto ezifakwa phakathi.
Kuyo yonke lento indima exabisekileyo yecandelo labucala ekuphumeleleni iinjongo zothabatho nxaxheba, ukukhuphisana nogcino inakaniwe. Ngoko ke, yonke into iza kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa intsebenziswano engaphaya nokulungelelanisa phakathi kukaRhulumente necandelo labucala -kuqukwa amafama, imibutho yamafama namashishini olimo -ukwenzela kuphunyelelwe umbono omtsha womanyano nempumelelo kwicandelo lolimo.
Abathelelani bayazibophelela ngokwabo ukunikeza ixesha elifunekayo nemali kwakunye nezixhobo zobutyebi ukubona kwimpumelelo yokuzalisekisa uyilo lokuphamba. Kukho ukuqonda okucacileyo nokuxabisa ukuba isihloko esitsha siza kuvulwa sivulelwa ulimo eMzantsi Afrika, kummandlana we-SADC nakwilizwekazi i -Afrika.
Kwintetho yakhe yeSizwe yasebuRhulumenteni ngomhla we-9 kweyoMdumba 2001, uMongameli Thabo Mbeki ubonise ukuba xa ulingano nozinzo lwaluphunyelelwa kwinqanaba lendawo yonke, isantya sokukhula koqoqosho sasisephantsi kakhulu.
UMongameli ubonise ukuba ezi njongo zingaphunyelelwa ngcono xa zinokuthathelwa ingqalelo eyodwa phakathi keSakhelo-senkqubo yokuYila kaRhulumente eManyeneyo ukuya kumacandelo oqoqosho abonisa ukuba nacho okuphezulu kukhuliso nasekwakheni amathuba emisebenzi. Ukhankanye ulimo, ezamandla, ukhenketho, namashishini enkcubeko, namanye amacandelo okuthumela ngaphandle (kubandakanywa nenkqubo yolwazi ngomhlaba), nolwazi nonxibelelwano ngemfonomfono namashishini.
Icandelo lolimo, luchazwa njengayo yonke imisebenzi enxulumene nezinto ezifakwa phakathi kulungiselelo lolimo, ukulima nokufuya kwakunye nenkqubo nolwabiwo lemisebenzi eyongeza ixabiso kwimveliso zokulima nokufuya, nangona ubuncinane bolwabelwano olungqalileyo luphela lwemveliso ekrwada yasekhaya lusyiyeka kulicandelo elibaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika (GDP).
Inikeza ababini kwimfuno zoluntu, ukutsho oko ukutya nokwakhiwa, yaye inoqoqosho olomeleleyo namakhonkco engqesho namanye amacandelo oqoqosho, ngokunikela kakhulu kukhuliso loqoqosho. Ibe nempumelelo ekuhlanganiseni ezi mfuno ngokwandisa imveliso xa abemi beli lizwe babe zizigidi nje ezine xa kwakujika inkulungwane yamashumi amabini kunamashumi amane ezigidi kungoku nje. Kungoko ke ingumqolo wokukhula nophuhliso eMzantsi Afrika kuba inikeza isiseko esomeleleyo nenkxaso kwamanye amacandelo oqoqosho. Impembelelo yayo kuqoqosho isoloko iboniswa zizikhukhula zakutsha nje ezonakalise iindawo zePhondo laseMntla naseMpumalanga ngeyoMdumba ka-2000, xa isantya sokula kwe-GDP sisehla kangange pesenti enye.
Ulimo olusekuqaleni, olunemveliso phakathi kwemida yamasango efama, lwenza ingxelo engaphantsi kweepesenti ezintlanu ze-GDP yoMzantsi Afrika. Ukuntsokotha kokutya kolimo, okunemveliso esekuqaleni kunye nezinto ezifakwa phakathi kunye namacandelo enkqubo zolimo, zinika ingxelo kangangepesenti ezilishumi elinesine ze-GDP. Kukhona kangange 50 000 yamafama orhwebo ongamayo, kodwa enganqabanga , ekhutshwa kuluntu olumhlophe. Ngo-2000 bathumele kangangamashumi amathandathu esigidi sezigidi seranti samaxabiso emveliso, okanye phantse neshumi leepesenti lezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle xa zizonke zaseMzantsi Afrika. Baqesha kangange sigidi sabasebenzi, ntoleyo ethetha ukuba kangangeshumi elinanye leepesenti lecandelo elililo lokuqeshwa kwilizwe liphela. Abaninzi kwaba basebenzi bahlala kwifama zorhwebo nabantwana babo bazuza imfundo kwizikolo zasezifama. Zifama zorhwebo ezinikeza impiliso nezindlu kumalungu osapho angange zigidi ezithandathu kwaba baqeshwa basisigidi bebanikeza neemfuno zabo kwezemfundo.
Kukwakho namafama amancinci ayi-240 000 anikeza impiliso kumalungu osapho ngaphezu kwesigidi esinye, nabaqeshwa bethuba elithile kubantu abayi-500 000. La mafama abonelela imarike zasekuhlaleni nezemimandla apho amanani amakhulu abarhwebi abangekho mthethweni bephila ngako. Ukuhambela phambili, izigidi ezithathu ezithelekelelweyo zezindlu zamafama ahlaliswe ikakhulu kwindawo zabo bonke zendawo ezazisa kuba ngamaphandle, avelisa kakhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zosapho ezizezabo ziphela. Ekugqibeleni, phantse zonke imveliso nemisebenzi yasekuhlaleni yedolophu zasezilalini namaziko enkonzo axhomekeke kulimo lokuqala nemisebenzi enxulumeneyo. Le nto ibandakanya ukwandiswa kokwaziwa nokubaluleka koqoqosho kukhenketho lolimo nakwimisebenzi yokufuya izilwanyana zasendle. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha samaphondo kangangeepesenti ezingamashumi amane zoluntu luphela belizwe baxhomekeke kulimo ikakhulu nakumashishini anxulumeneyo.
Olu yilo lokuphamba liphuhliswe liSebe loLimo, yi-Agri SA ne-NAFU ngesicelo sikaMongameli ukuguqula isimo sokusingqongileyo sibe ziinjongo, imigaqo-nkqubo nezenzo eziza kukhokelela kukhuliso nasekuphuhliseni kwabo bonke abadlali abanendima kwicandelo. Esi sicelo ibisisiphumo ngqo sentlanganiso saBongameli beqela lokusebenza lolimo ngeyoKwindla ngo-2001, apho uMongameli wacela umngeni kubathelelanisi ukuchonga uphambo oluxhaphakileyo oluza kugqalisela kumanyano nokukhula kwecandelo.
Inani loomahlulelani bokuphamba belusoloko lubandakanywa kuphuhliso nasekuzalisekiseni uyilo lokuphamba lecandelo. Ezi zibandakanya uRhulumente, amafama, amashishini olimo, imibutho yenkonzo zolimo, abasebenzi abalungiselelweyo, imibutho esekelwe ekuhlaleni nemibutho yangaphandle. Zonke ezi ngabadlali abanendima ebaluleke kakhulu nabaxumi boyilo lokuphamba oluyilelwe ukusebenzela umxumi wokugqibela, abantu baseMzantsi Afrika ukuphumeza injongo yobomi obungcono babo bonke.
Nangona ukugweba kwimpumelelo yolimo, umcimbi wokulungelelanisa umsebenzi wawu ngachazwanga wodwa exwebhini kuba uninzi lwalo micimbi yachazwa kule isandula ukugqitya "Imbono exhaphakileyo kumsebenzi wasefama". Imicimbi koluxwebhu yenza indawo ephakathi yokuzalisekisa olu yilo lokuphamba lecandelo.
Inkqubo yokuphuhlisa uYilo lokuPhamba belusandulelwa linani lamaxwebhu kaRhulumente nazezinye iziphambo.
Ukuphinda kwbiwe umhlaba kusenzelwa uluhlu lwenkqubo zokuPhuhlisa uLimo [LRAD], uluhlwana lwenkqubo yoluhlu lwenkqubo yokwabiwa kwakhona komhlaba. Uluhlu lwenkqubo luyilelwe ukunikeza ngamancedo avunyiweyo kubahlali ebebe soloko behlelelekile eMzantsi Afrika babenelungelo emhlabeni ngokukodwa kwinjongo zokufuya nokulima.
Umbono nomgaqo wokuziphatha wobudlelwane basemsebenzini kwezolimo oyilwe lulimo olulungiselelweyo, iimanyano zabasebenzi neSebe lezemiSebenzi. Ulwabelwano olufanayo lwembono ekubunjweni ngokutsha komhlaba kungoku nje kukwinkqubo yokuba luyilwe.
Iphepha lengcaciso-nkqubo lika-1995 kwezoLimo noXwebhu leNgxoxo lika-1998 kuMgaqo-nkqubo wezoLimo.
Kwicandelo elilandelayo umbono wecandelo lezolimo uyaphuhliswa yaye ucaciswe.
Icandelo lesithathu kamva livelisa ezona ndawo zibalulekileyo kungokunje kwicandelo, elincedisayo ekuchongeni kwicandelo lesine, kwimiceli mingeni ekuphumeleliseni umbono. Imiceli mingeni yecandelo ikhokelela ekuphambeni kathathu okuphakathi, ekuxoxwa ngokucacisa ngeenkcukacha kwicandelo lesihlanu. Ezi ziphambo zithathu ziphakathi azinakho ukusebenza zodwa, yaye zixhomekeke kwiziphambo ezihlanu ezifezekeisayo ezixoxwe kwicandelo lesithandathu, ezithi ngenene zenze isiseko sokuphumelela injongo yophambo. Icandelo lesixhenxe lixoxa "ukuba njani" koyilo lokuphamba ngokucacisa ukubaluleka koluhlu wenkqubo zokuqala nolwakhiwo nenkqubo yokuzalisekisa.
Imeko nemiceli mingeni enikwe nguMongameli kunye neziseko sezindululo namancedo wesizwe soMzantsi Afrika omtsha ayalela umbono wecandelo lezolimo.
Lo mbono ucacisa icandelo elimanyeneyo elincedwe sisakhelo senkqubo somgaqo nkqubo wendlela eyenziwa ngayo emanyeneyo yokuyila ukoyisa ububini bemvelo nokwenza elona likhulu ekuncediseni icandelo ekukhuleni nakuphuhliso loqoqosho.
Umbono uquka ixabiso lokuthabatha inxaxheba elicingiweyo kuqoqosho lolimo loMzantsi Afrika ngobubanzi bezinto ezikhoyo zoqoqosho, ukuyithathela ingqalelo ezeleyo yokubaluleka kwemveliso yorhwebo oluqhubekekayo kunye nobunyani beembali zamafa nemitsalane yabucala ebangele ubugoso endleleni nasekubonisweni. Umbono uyakuvuma ukungafani kwecandelo neenjongo zokuqinisekisa indawo nendima yawo onke amafama kwicandelo elimanyeneyo. Ugqaliselo olunjalo luthatyathwa ngokuthe ngqo kuphuhliso olukhoyo lukarhulumente wesizwe soMzantsi Afrika yaye luza kwakha umtsalane bucala ukuhlalisa nokunika amandla onke amaqela esi sizwe sahlukeneyo ngokweembali, ukutsho oko, ncinci, phakathi namashishini amakhulu namaqela abenganakwanga ngokwembali [kubhekiselelwe kubuhlanga, isini, neentlobo zolutsha].
Le njongo yoluphambo iza kukhokelela bonke omahlulelane abanxulumene nasekuhlaleni kwizicelo zabo zokuhambisa uluhlu lweziphambo neenkqubo zoluhlu.
Oomahlulelane abanokuphendula phakathi kwecandelo labucala nelikawonke wonke ekwenziweni komgaqo-nkqubo nokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo.
Ukuphucula ithemba lomntu ozalisa imali elikhokelela kulwandiso lwasekhaya nokuzalisa imali yelinye ilizwe kwimisebenzi yezolimo nakwindawo zasemaphandleni.
UMzantsi Afrika uphawulwe ngamanqanaba aphezulu obuhlwempu, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni apho malunga namashumi asixhenxe eepesenti yabantu abahluphekileyo eMzantsi Afrika bahlala khona. Imivuzo yabo iyanyanzelwa kuba uqoqosho lwasemaphandleni aluzelanga ludlamko ngokwanelisayo ukubanikeza imisebenzi eyamkelisayo okanye amathuba okuba baziqashe ngokwabo.
Kukhona izizathu ezinnzi kulemeko yale micimbi. Kodwa uninzi lwazo lusuka kwimigaqo-nkqubo ezalisekiswe kwixesha eladlulayo. Nangona iimeko zendalo ezinjengeyantlukwano kwimozulu ziyaqapheleka njengengozi nezinto ezikhoyo zexabiso ekulimeni nasekufuyeni, imigaqo-nkqubo engalungelelaniswanga neziphumo ezingafunwanga zemigaqo-nkqubo ebikhona kwixesha eladlulayo enikele kukhuliso lokona kulungana nakuzaliso mali kwicandelo ngokunjalo. Ukuba iindawo ezisemaphandleni bezinesiseko esingaxhasa imivuzo emikhulu nenkcitho mandla, uqoqosho lwasemaphandleni belunokomelela, lukhule lwakhe amathuba amaninzi omvuzo nokuziqesha ngokwabo. Ngoko ke, ingaxoxisa ukuba kuba uqoqosho loMzantsi Afrika lulandele uphuhliso olwahlukileyo, olusebenza nzulu, olubandakanyayo nolungenamkhethe nendlela yokuhlalisana eyadlulayo, ubuhlwempu basemaphandleni bebungenakude bube luphawu olutyhutyhayo lwentlalo yethu yangoku noqoqosho.
Uqoqosho jikelele lukhula ngokutshintsha umntu nenkunzi yobutyebi ngaphandle kwamacandelo aqalayo [ulimo, nokomba umgodi], kuqala kwicandelo loshishino ize kamva kwicandelo leenkonzo. Oku kwakho kusoloko ilityala eMzantsi Afrika, apho uguqulo loshishino lwakudala selulungele ukuba sendleleni. Kanti kukho ubungqina bokuba kule nkqubo amacandelo aqalayo [njengolimo] nokuba leliphi aliphumelelanga ukufikelela ukuba nako ngokugcweleyo okanye lukwenzile oko ngendlela ebaxayo ekhokelele kumanani amakhulu abantu abazifumana bekhutshelwe ecaleni kumancedo okwenza ilungelwe kumaxesha angoku.
Urhwebo lolimo eMzantsi Afrika lulandele eyona ndlela yenkunzi-yokhuliso olunzulu, xeshikweni ubutyebi bolimo obubalulekileyo [komntu nezixhobo] zihleli zingasetyenziswa okanye isetyenziswe nganeno kwiindawo ezazingamaphandle ngoko. Zombini ezi zenzeko zosulele oku kubanakho kwenzuzo-engenayo yoluntu lwasemaphandleni. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba nako ukurhweba kwamafama aMnyama kwakucinezelekile, kuqala ngokungabandakanywa kwimarike zomhlaba zorhwebo ize emva koko kuba urhwebo lunokuphila kumhlaba ongowakho wokufuya nokulima kwakungaqinisekwanga ngawo kwiindawo ezasisakuba ngamaphandle. Amathuba engqesho kurhwebo lolimo ayesakuba yaye nangoku anyinwe ngokubanzi kubasebenzi abangenabuchule abafumana imivuzo ephantsi, nabfumana isabelo esikhulu sengqesho xa iyonke kurhwebo lolimo njengoko ilolwamaxesha onyaka yaye ngokwendalo yawo ikokwexeshana kuphela. Ngaphezulu nangaphezu koko, le ndlela ikhulayo inentsingiselo yokuba ukuba semantla omlambo [izinto ezifakwa phakathi kwindibano zabarhwebi abaqhuba amashishini] nabasezantsi [abaqhubekekisi zinkqubo zokutya nomcu] kwamashishini anxulumene kulimo oluthintela ukukhula, ngoko ke lohluthela abantu basemaphandleni amathuba oqoqosho.
Ezi meko bezithembekile ngokubanzi ukudala ububini obungaphaya nokungalingani kwezolimo. Obu bubini budale ubumpondo-mbini 'kuthi' na 'kubo' phakathi kwbathathi nxaxheba zaze zabangela indlela yokwenza umgaqo-nkqubo nenkonzo yokuhambisa egqalisela kulimo olubini ngaphandle kokuba lube licandelo elinye olumanyeneyo -olunye lwamafama orhwebo nolunye olunokubizwa 'amafama asahlumayo'. Ngoko ke, kukho ukusalela okugqibeleleyo kwento efumaneka kubo bonke ('thina/thina/yethu') umbono nokuqonda kulimo namanakanibe okuba kunye nokuba ngamalungu. Eli candelo lokuyila lokuphamba lifuna ukuphelisa le yantlukwano nalendlela yenzakalisayo.
Ukusukela ngo-1990, iinkqubo eziliqela zithabathe indawo ukubuyisela umva iyantlukwano yowiso-mthetho iphucule intatho nxaxheba, xeshikweni ngaxeshanye ezinye iziqalo eziliqela zizalisekisiwe ukungalawuleki nokukhulwa kwecandelo kwingqinga. Ezinye zezi zenzo zibe neziphumo ezizizo xeshikweni ezinye zibe neziphumo ezingenanjongo.
Ukusetyenziswa kowiso-mthetho labasebenzi kwicandelo lolimo.
Olu tshintsho lube neziphumo ezikhulu ezikhokelela kumgangatho ophakathi ukwandisa imveliso nakukhuphiswano lolimo olubanzi, nangona amafama amaninzi abuye anokwenzakaliswa zizinto ezimbi zelizwe jikelele, ukuguquguquka kweemeko zemozulu, ukwenziwa kwendawo zamatyala zibe mandundu zibe mandundu ngoko rhwebo. Oku kunye nomsebenzi omtsha, amanzi nowiso-mthetho lokubuyiselwa ngokutsha komhlaba, kukhokelela kwimbono ezigoso ngokuphathelelene nenjongo zolu wiso-mthetho, ziphakamisa izinto ezilindelweyo zomsebenzi, neengxelo zikawonke wonke ngamaqela axinenezikeleyo ohlukeneyo, ancedise ekungaphendulini kakuhle phakathi korhwebo lamafama nakuncitshiso kwinani labaqeshwa abaqeshwe okusigxina ezifama.
Inkqubo ekhawulezileyo yokungalawulwa kakuhle neyokukhululwa kwingqinga kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo ikwavelise isikhundla esinyiniweyo samafama amaninzi ukulungisa kumgaqo-nkqubo notshintsho lwemarike. Ukuphuhla ngakumbi kukhuphiswano lamazwe jikelele kube nesiphumo esingesihlanga kukhuphiswano lwabo, lubangela amafama amaninzi alushiye ushishino. Koku ukhuphiswano olongeziweyo noqoqosho oluvulekileyo, izixokelelwano ezincinane zokuba ngumfama nazo aziphumeleli okanye zifumana ubunzima ukuba zibe yinxalenye yentsingiselo eyintloko yolimo.
Nangona inani leenzima neendawo eziyingxaki zinqanda icandelo lolimo ekusebenzeni kangangoko linakho, yindawo eyiyo kuphela emfanekisweni. Kukho imiboniso elungileyo ebonisa ukuba amanye amafama enza kakuhle phantsi kwezi meko zikhoyo. Ikwacacile into yokuba kukho isiseko esilungileyo noluvo olulungileyo nentumekelelo phakathi kwamafama, amashishini oshishino lolimo norhulumente ukuzama imiceli mngeni elandelayo iyitshintshe ibe ngamathuba.
Ukusukela kwingxoxo zangaphambili kungakuko ukuchonga iingxaki ezingundoqo nemiceli mngeni kwicandelo. Owona mceli mngeni ungundoqo wolimo eMzantsi Afrika kukungavaleli ukuba nako kokunikwa kwento engekasetyenziswa ekubaniniyo kunye nenzuzo ephantsi nokhuphiswano olwenza unyanzelo lothatho nxaxheba kuluntu ngokubanzi nakwizinto ezifakwa kuqoqosho. Le ngxaki iboniswa kwinani lee ngxakana ezimbalwa -inye inikeza imiceli mngeni yayo.
Imiqondiso yeyokuba icandelo lolimo eMzantsi Afrika liphendula ngokuqinisekileyo kwimiceli mngeni yokwandiswa kokhuphiswano. Kanti ke, inkqubela-phambili ishiyeka ikhethekile, yaye kukho ubungqina bokuba amanye amacandelwana olimo nemisebenzi eyongeza ixabiso awakhuphisani kwimarike zasekuhlaleni nezezizwe. Le nto ibangelwa ziimeko ezinjengezinto ezifakwa phakathi kumaxabiso aphezulu edityaniswe nemveliso ephantsi, okona kulunga kungephi kophambo lweshishini nokungabinampumelelo, nokungalungi kokuziqhelanisa norhwebo. Ukusilela kokhuphiswano lezizwe nalo lukhokelela kuzaliso mali oluphantsi kumacandelwana athile. Mhlawumbi lo ngowona mceli mngeni ungundoqo ofuna ukucaciswa ukubeka ulimo kwingcinga zokukhulisa nokuphuhlisa indlela.
Unikiwe ilifa lokuzikhetha nokuzicalula, umceli mngeni kungoku nje uza kuvulela izakhono nolwakhiwo lwamandla abantu liphucule intatho nxaxheba yabo kuwo onke amacala amacandelo akhululeke kube kanye nako konke kwemiqobo yengeniso ezininzi ezimile kwimbali yayo yobubini. Umceli mngeni kukuchonga uluhlu lwenkqubo ukukhuthaza abangeni abatsha: abamnyama nabamhlophe; abancinci nabadala; amadoda nabafazi; amashishini amancinci naphakathi ngokomlinganiselo, ukungena kwicandelo. Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukufumana iindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuba onke lamaziko onyulo ohlukeneyo ecandelo aziva ngenyani yaye azibona efanel'ukuba ngawento ekhoyo enye.
Uthembelo kuzaliso mali olubhetyebhetye kwezolimo lubangelwa yimbuyekezo ephantsi exeliweyo kunye nokugqibelela noqoqosho oluqinileyo phakathi nokungqubana kwentlalo kuzaliso mali nakwimveliso njengababulali bamafama, ukukhutshwa nokuhlaliswa ngokungekho mthethweni. Ukongeza kukho imibono engalunganga yolimo, icaphukisa imeko. Uthembelo kuzaliso mali luyafuneka ukuphumelelisa icandelo lolimo olungcangcazelayo nolusakhulayo.
Le nkangeleko yenye yeendawo eziyingxaki ebalulekileyo eziphawula iimeko nganye ezichaziweyo. Ububhetyebhetye bokuhambisa nokuzalisekisa koluhlu olubanzi lokulinganisa kukaRhulumente, imimiselo nezintlu zenkqubo kunye nezixokelelwano ezingasebenzi kakuhle kwinkxaso - zonke phofu zimandundu ukuqinisekisa ukunceda okusingqongileyo kusenzelwa ulimo -iyeyona nto ithathelwe ingqalelo nengumceli mngeni kuzo zonke izinto ezifakwayo zikaRhulumente ezixhasa icandelo lolimo. Iinjongo ezincedisa kule ngxaki kukuqhekeka kweenkonzo ezithile, ukungoneli kobutyebi, ukuba bhetyebhetye kolawulo nokumela kwakunye nezigqibo zabaphathi ezithobekileyo nokusoloko kuthathwa ixesha elide ukuthabatha izigqibo.
Umhlaba ongasetyenziswanga onokuba nakho olungileyo unqabilile eMzantsi Afrika, yaye kukho unyino kulwandiso oluthe tyaba kwimveliso yolimo. Ukongeza, amaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ubenako ukusebenza neenkonzo ukuxhasa usetyenziso lomhlaba olucingiweyo, awonelanga. Izintlu zenkqubo zikaRhulumente zijolise ekukhuseleni isiseko sobutyebi (o.k.t Ukhathalelo-Mhlaba nokusebenzela amanzi) zinempumelelo kodwa azonelanga. Ukuthotywa komhlaba kushiyeka kuyingxaki kwimihlaba elungileyo nengenamsebenzi. Kulandiso loxinezelelo kwezolimo kukhulisa imveliso kwiyunithi nganye yomhlaba, ngowona mceli mngeni ukuqinisekisa ukuba le ayenzeki de yonakalise isiseko sobutyebi bethu bendalo.
Imiceli mngeni ichonge imfuno yokucaciswa ngokungxamiseke kakhulu ukwenzela icandelo lolimo libe nakho ukushenxa kubukho bayo bangoku liye kwinjongo yophambo "yendlela yobulungisa nothatho nxaxheba kukhuphiswano lelizwe jikelele, inzuzo necandelo lolimo elicingwayo elincedisa kubomi obungcono kumntu wonke" Le njongo funeka iphunyelelwe luyilo lokuphamba lulimo loMzantsi Afrika lune zizinto ziphambili zintathu zifunekayo, zibizwa ngokuba: indlela yobulungisa nothatho nxaxheba, ukhuphiswano lezizwe jikelele nenzuzo kunye nolawulo lobutyebi olucingwayo.
Iinjongo zolu phambo kukukhulisa indlela yobulungisa nothatho nxaxheba kumathuba olimo; ukuphelisa ubuhlanga emhlabeni nobunini mashishini; nokuvulela ukuba nako korhwebo oluzeleyo kwicandelo. Ugqaliselo lwayo izakuba sekubuyiselweni komhlaba ngokutsha, ukundulula inkxaso yeepakethe yemingeni emitsha ekufuyeni nasekulimeni, umahlulelane nokuphuhliswa kwecandelo.
Olu phambo licacisa imbali yobubini neenkqubo zokukhutshelwa ngaphandle, yaye ikhuthaza intatho nxaxheba eqhubekekayo yabo selebe yinxalenye yecandelo. Ikwaphuhlisa uphuhliso lwembono ekwabelenwe ngayo nophambo oluqhelekileyo lolimo olubandakanyiweyo nolwahlukeneyo oluza kugquma ububanzi xa bubonke bamashishini nobungakanani befama, ukusukela kweyona incinane ukuya kweyona inkulu. URhulumente kule nyewe uza kuzinzisa isakhelo -senkubo elungiselela oomahlulelane ukuzalisekisa olu phambo lungundoqo. Ubungqina bomahlulelane obuqinileyo obulungileyo nokunika uncedo okukhulayo phakathi korhwebo lwamafama olukhoyo nemingeni emitsha liza kukhuthazwa.
Inkxaso egciniweyo kwicandelo liya kuqinisekiswa kuphela ukuba sichitha imbono engalunganga yolimo njengoko iphawulwe yinzuzo ephantsi, ukuba netyala, iingxaki zokhuseleko, inxalabo yabathengi ngokhuseleko lokutya, imicimbi esemthethweni notshintsho olucothayo -ngoko ke, necandelo apho abantu bengenathemba naqhayiya. Ukufuya nokulima sisoloko sisetyenziswa njalo njengengcinga njengoko silawulwa ngamadoda amaBhulu ngoluvo olubaxiweyo lokusongela, bengenamsebenzi yaye bengawakhathaleli amafama akhoyo nalindelweyo. Okunye ukufuya nokulima okusoloko kusetyenziswa njalo njengengcinga kukuba abantu abamnyama abanako okanye akufanelekanga babe zizinto eziphezulu ngaphandle kokuba babe kwiklasi yasekuhlaleni yamafama aphila ngobuhlwempu. Ezi mbono zichasana kuphela xa ngaba iimbono eziphakathi nezingolimo ziyatshintsha ziphinde zisuswe yingqiqo ezele ludlamko, enempumelelo nemele ulimo ekwacacisa okusingqongileyo nokhuseleko lokutya okunxulunyaniswe ngabathengi.
Ukunyusela abangeni abatsha kwicandelo lolimo, ugqaliselo liza kufuneka lube sekuqalweni kogunyaziso loqoqosho: kubantu abamnyama, abafazi, kwabalimeleyo nakubantwana bazo zonke iintlanga. Inkqubo yokunceda abamnyama baseMzantsi Afrika ukuba baphumelele kurhwebo lokulima nokufuya nakumashishini olimo liza kufuna imizamo eyilwe kakuhle nekujoliswe kuyo unyusa inqanaba nokuzisa abameli abanliqela kwahlulwe icandelo. Ngaphaya koko, inikwe ingqwalasela ukuba abantwana bazo zonke iintlanga banekamva yaye funeka bakhuthazwe bazibandakanye nemisebenzi yezolimo. Le mizamo iza kuyilwa ukuvelisa icandelo lolimo lenziwe lingabi yinto enye yaye libe licandelo lolimo elisebenzayo kakhulu, elizakunikeza amandla okuqhubela phambili ekukhuliseni uqoqosho lasemaphandleni ngaphandle kokohlwaya urhwebo olukhoyo lwamafama.
Njengenqanaba lokuqala, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana ngobuchule nokubuyiselwa ngokutsha komhlaba ukuqinisekisa uzinzo emaphandleni nengqiniseko yemarike. Inkqubo yokugunyazisa uqoqosho kulimo eMzantsi Afrika iqala ngokuphucula ilungelo emhlabeni nokugunyazisa ukhuselo kumalungelo engqesho ebantwini nakwiindawo apho ezi zinto zingekho.
Kubalulekile ukusebenzisana kakuhle nokubuyiselwa ngokutsha komhlaba kuba zonke iindlela zokubanelungelo lomhlaba ezinjengembuyekezo, ukuphinda kwabiwe nembuyiselo yengqesho fanele zinikwe ingqalelo eyaneleyo.
Ukulandela inkqubo ecothayo ezalisekisa ulwabiwo lomhlaba kwakhona kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala emva ko-1994, uluhlu lwenkqubo luphinde lwayilwa. Uluhlu lwenkqubo ezintsha zophindo lwabiwo lomhlaba nenkqubo zokuphuhlisa ulimo (LRAD) ziphinde zayilwa ukwandisa uluhlu lwezilinganiso zokuxhasa eziyakubakho kubahlali ebebesoloko bengajongelwe nto baseMzantsi Afrika kuqala babe nelungelo emhlabeni ingakumbi ngenjongo zolimo. Inika amandla kwizimvo zorhwebo oluncedisa uphindo lwabiwo lomhlaba kwasekuqaleni koluhlu lwenkqubo yembuyekezo ngokutsha komhlaba. Amava ezizwe abonise ukuba izintlu zeenkqubo ezisekelwe kwimarike zikaRhulumente ezilawula ukuphinda kwabiwe umhlaba zidla ngokusebenza ngcono kune zintlu zeenkqubo ezisetyenziswa kuphela licandelo likawonke wonke. Uluhlu lwenkqubo oluphindw lwayilwa linakho ukukhawulezisa uhambiso lomhlaba, kuba luluhlu lwenkqubo emanyeneyo nelula yaye luqhutywa ngabantu abafuna uncedo abanokuwusebenzisa ngeendlela ezithambileyo ngekwenjongo zabo kwanobutyebi.
URhulumente uzibophelele ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo yolu luhlu lwenkqubo nasekuqinisekiseni ukuba abantu ababodwa abavela kumaqela ahlelelekileyo afumana ilungelo emhlabeni ngokukhawuleza nangendlela eyiyo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba usetyenziswe uvelisa. Oku kuyakuqhubeka kuphela ukuba ezinye iinkonzo ezixhasayo kwakunye nezintlu zenkqubo zoqeqesho ziyanikezwa. Kungoko ke, kusaziswa ukuba ubuyiselo ngokutsha komhlaba nokuhlaliswa komfama alunakuthatha ndawo esithubeni nje yaye futhi ukuba amasebe amaphondo ezolimo nawasekuhlaleni karhulumente funeka edlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuncedeni abantu abafuna uncedo. Oku kuza kufuna ukuba umlinganiselo weengxaki zephondo nooRhulumente basekuhlaleni bayicacise njengenyewe engxamisekileyo.
Onke amacebo alungileyo ukukhusela ukukhawuleza nokucingwa kobuyiselo ngokutsha komhlaba funeka elandelwe. Oku kuza kufuna ukuba selungelweni lokuba nomhlaba kawonke wonke wolimo njengendawo yakhe yokuqala yokugqalisela ingqalelo. Ezi ziza kufezekiswa yimilinganiselo enjengolungiselelo lolwabelwano lobulungisa , ulimo nofuyo olufinyeziweyo, ulimo nofuyo olurhafelwayo, ukubuyiselwa kwengqesho kwiindawo zabo bonke nasekufunweni komhlaba wabucala.
Ngenxeni yokuba uninzi lwabantu abahlwempuzekileyo emaphandleni ahlala ekwafuya alime kwiindawo ezizezabo bonke, imicimbi yokhuseleko lwengqesho funeka lukhawuleziswe lwacaciswa. Kuyingqiqo ukunikela ngenkuthazo ephucukileyo nangamathuba okuzalisa imali kwezi ndawo. Yaye futhi kuba le yinyewe ebuthathaka, inkqubo efanelekileyo eqhubekekayo nesithethe sabasemagunyeni ukuqinisekisa ukuba impumelelo yale nkqubo iza kusetyenziswa. Le iza kukhatshwa kukuvuselelwa kwamalungiselelo okunkcenkceshela kwindawo ezazisakuba ngamaphandle azimeleyo nokutshintshwa kwabalawuli bazo nobunini zinikwe amafama namabandla aqinisekisiweyo.
Nangona ubuyiselo ngokutsha komhlaba kuyindawo yengqiqo yokuphuma ekuqinisekiseni isiseko esibanzi sothatho nxaxheba kwintsingiselo eyintloko kulimo, inani leenkonzo zokuxhasa zifuna ukucaciselwa ngaxesha linye ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yelungelo neyokugunyaziswa ziyimpumelelo yaye ziyacingwa.
Xa amaziko amandla amaninzi nemali esetyenzisiwe ekunikeleni ilungelo emhlabeni kwimingeni emitsha ukufuya nokulima kule minyaka isixhenxe idlulileyo, inyameko encinane inikwe izintlu zeenkqubo zokuxhasa umfama. De kube namhla, ukuhlaliswa emhlabeni kwakudala kuxhasa ukuthathwa kwenxaxheba kwizintlu zeenkqubo zokubuyisela ngokutsha umhlaba ezilungiselelwe kwisiseko esithile, ngesiphumo sokuba ungquzulwano lwalo beluyinxalenye iyeyona ilungileyo. Ngaxeshanye, iinkonzo zokuxhasa kumafama kwiindawo ezasisakuba ngamaphandle anazo zonke kodwa sele aphelelwa.
Kukho imiceli mngeni emibini ngokuphathelele kwiinkonzo zokuxhasa uhlaliso emhlabeni lwakudala. Okokuqala, ukuba amafama amatsha agunyaziswa ukuba adlale indima eyakhayo kuphuhliso lolimo, kuyimfuneko ukuba babe nelungelo kwiinkonzo zokuxhasa. Kanti amava avela e-Afrika abonise ukuba oku akufanelekanga kwenziwe kulungiselelwe injongo ethile nakwisiseko sokucalulana. Uphengululo nalo lubonise ukuba iinkonzo zokuxhasa kwigcuntswana lamafama asemancinci naphakathi fanele lingohlulwa kulawo anikezwa kakhulu kushishino lamafama. Ngoko ke, umceli mngeni wokuqala kukuphucula nokwandisa iinkonzo zokuxhasa ezikhoyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zawo onke amafama. Le nto ibandakanya ukuqhubekeka koluhlu lwemisebenzi eqhubekekayo njengokomeleza inkonzo zokuhambisa amaziko ophengululo, iinkonzo zemali, ilungelo lemarike nophuhliso, uqeqesho nophuhliso lobuchule kunye namaSebe amaPhondo ezoLimo.
Umceli mngeni wesibini kukunikeza inkxaso kumafama amatsha ekujoliswe kuwo.
Ulungiselelo lokuxhasa indawo yokuhlala kudala kumafama ancedakala kwimbuyekezo yobuyiselo ngokutsha kwemihlaba, ukuphindwa yabiwe nokubuyiselwa ngokutsha kwengqesho. Uhlaliwo lwemihlaba kudala kude kube ngoku lufuna intsebenziswano engcono kuqala phakathi kweSebe loLimo neMicimbi yezeMihlaba, phakathi kwezwelonke nooRhulumente bamaPhondo, kwakunye nabasemagunyeni ekuhlaleni nemibutho yamafama namashishini olimo.
Ukuchongwa kwamafama amatsha kumaqela ngokwembali ayesakujongelwa phantsi afumene ilungelo emhlabeni ngokuwuthenga bucala, ukuwurhafa, imiyolelo njl-njl. Iimfuno zokuvavanya ukuzinzisa iimfuno zabo ngokwamalungelo kwiinkonzo zokuxhasa ezizakuqhutywa, neendawo ngokwejografi neentlobo zenkonzo apho iimfuno zabo zizezona zinkulu kuza kujongwa kuzo ukulungiselela inkonzo zokuxhasa khethekileyo.
Ukuqalisa ukwenza inguqulelo yezintlu zenkqubo zophuhliso usenzela amafama kumhlaba wawo onke. Ugxinisiso luyakuba sekusombululeni iindawo ezinegxaki nakumanqanaba ukuncedisa la mafama ukuba abe ngabavelisi abanempumelelo kwixesha elifutshane. Oku kuza kufuna ilungelo kwimarike, uqeqesho, ubuyiselo ngokutsha kwingqesho, amaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza neenkonzo zokuxhasa ekujongwe kuzo. Izintlu zenkqubo ngokusebenzisana nemibutho yempahla zorhwebo, amashishini olimo nomanyano lwamashishini iza kuqalwa ukunika inkuthazo elungileyo ukuqinisekisa intatho nxaxheba yawo.
Ukuphucula ugqaliselo, intsebenziswano nokusebenzisana phakathi kwamaziko kaRhulumente, ulimo olulungiselelweyo, imibutho engengomibutho kaRhulumente namadlelana abemi besixeko abandakanywe nezintlu zenkqubo zophuhliso zamafama kwindawo zembutho kwilizwe lonke, nakwinqanaba lamaphondo nasekuhlaleni. Iindawo zembutho ezinjalo zingasetyenziswa ukuchonga iimfuno neezintlu zenkqubo ezifaneelkileyo ezifanele ukufumana uhoyo kuqala, ukuxoxwa zisombulule iindawo ezizingxaki ngezintlu zenkqubo ezikhoyo, zihlole imfuno ukwenzela inkuthazo nomahlulelane babucala bakawonke wonke ukuphucula ukuba nokuphila kwezintlu zenkqubo nokwenza izinto ezifakwa phakathi ngembeko kwimigaqo -nkqubo nakwizixhobo zomgaqo -nkqubo.
Ukuphucula ukuba nako nokusebenza kokwandiswa kwabaqeshwa kwicandelo labucala nakwiSebe lezoLimo lamaPhondo.
Ukwandiswa kothatho nxaxheba kwezolimo kuza kuxhaswa zizintlu zenkqubo ukuncedisa abangeni abatsha nokufuya nokulima kwamaziko akhoyo asebenzayo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza. Imizekelo iquka ukuxhaswa kokubiyelwa, amatanki ediphu, iikhonto, imisebenzi yolondolozo lomhlaba, ukunikeza imali kuthengiso lwemihlambi nemingxuma yezitsala -manzi.
Isenzo esiqokeleleneyo singqinelana nendlela yokuqiqisa ngendlela ezininzi ukugunyazisa amafama. Ngokusebenza kunye, amafama achonga iimfuno zamalungu aqinise iimbango zawo, ingqokelela yamandla oqoqosho abo nokucacisa imbangi zokungaphumeleli kwabo kwimarike. URhulumente uza kuxhasa imibutho yamafama ukwakha umbilini wawo nokuphuhlisa iindlela zokunxibelelana kwangaphakathi. Kule nyewe umahlulelane owomeleleyo phakathi kwe-NAFU ne-Agri SA uza kukhuthazwa njengengqwelo enamandla ukugunyazisa onke amafama.
Iimanyano zamashishini olimo eMzantsi Afrika lulakhiwo olubalulekileyo ukuxhasa amafama amatsha. Iimanyano zamashishini ezikhoyo zingadlala indima ebalulekileyo kakhulu, kodwa uzinziso lweemanyano zamashishini kumabandla asemaphandleni ahlwempuzekileyo fanele nawo akhuthazwe. Imizamo ekuqalwe ngayo kule nyewe ayiphumelelanga ngenxa yemikhwa esesikweni yobuhlwempu nenqobo ezisemgangathweni phakathi kwamalungu nabalawuli kananjalo ngenxa yokuswela ingqondo yokulawula nobuchule, ibangela ubuhlwempu bokuziqhelanisa kumashishini. Imilinganiselo emitsha ukuqalisa uphuhliso lweemanyano zamashishini ngokwakhana ngenqobo ezisemgangathweni nokuthembeka kwemilinganiselo yenkxaso mali ezakuthatyathwa.
Kukho ukuswela jikelele kumaziko akhoyo khon'ukuze umbuso usebenze kwiindawo ezazisakuba ngamaphandle azimeleyo, ekubeni izimemo zisiba ninzi ukuphucula nokugcina kwiindawo ezazisakuba ngamaphandle abamhlophe. Oku kunesiphumo sokwenza ezindawo kungabikho khuphiswano. Ukwenzela ukukwazi ukuchaza oku kungalingani kwamaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso usebenze nezi zimemo ukuphucula amalungiselelo enkonzo, amaSebe oLimo amaPhondo namagunya asekuhlaleni azakucelwa ukuba aphinde abone izithuba kumaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso usebenze nokuqinisekisa ukuba uludwe olulungeleleneyo luyanikezwa kuYilo loPhuhliso olumanyeneyo kusenzelwa uphuhliso lwamaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso usebenze. Oku kuza kubandakanya ukuba kunikelwe ingqalelo kwiidolophu zasemaphandleni nakumaziko enkonzo. ULimo luza kubandakanywa koluqgaliselo lokuchongwa okokuqala kwendibano -malungu zasekuhlaleni.
Ufuyo nokulima kwelixesha langoku lutshintshile ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwezoqoqosho. Amafama asebenzisa ulinganiso lwendleko zoqoqosho njengokutshintsha, ukwandisa nokongeza ixabiso njengeendlela ukuchaza ukwehla kwengeniso yomahluko phakathi kwexabiso lokuthenga nelokuthengisa. Ezi ziphambo zidla ngokuquka utshintsho lube kwimisebenzi emikhulu. Ukutshintsha kwendalo yokufuya nokulima ikwathetha ukuba kukho ukungathandabuzeki kwesithintelo songeniso kwabaninzi abaqala ukungena abanganakho ukufuya nokulima. Ukucacisa le miceli mngeni yoqoqosho, imilinganiselo emitsha yokwenza inguqulelo iza kuyilwa ukuyenza ibe nokufikelela ebantwini khon'ukuze bangenele ushishino phantsi kweemeko ezikhoyo.
Nangona iindima eziliqela ziphawulelwe uRhulumente kwilungelo nophambo lothatho nxaxheba, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba icandelo labucala -liquka ushishino lolimo, amafama, umanyano lwamashishini, imibutho yamafama -linendawo ebaluleke kakhuluekufuneka liyidlale ekukhuthazeni ugunyaziso nothatho nxaxheba. Kungoku nje ingxamisekile yaye iyafuneka kuba icandelo labucala lithathele phezulu lo mceli mngeni wokugunyazisa nokuphucula ubulungisa. Inkuthazo iza kuphuhliswa ukuqinisekisa ukubandakanyeka kwecandelo labucala kuphuhliso lolimo nakwiinkqubo zogunyaziso.
Injongo yoluphambo kukwandisa ingeniso ngokuthi kugcinwe ukhuphiswano lelizwe jikelele kwicandelo lolimo oluthi lubonelelwe ngezinto ezifakwa ngaphakathi, imveliso yokuqala, inkqubo zokulima, namashishini okhenketho lolimo. Iimeko ezintandathu zimisela zakhe okusingqongileyo apho icandelo likhuphisanayo liphucule ulwakhiwo loncedo lokhuphiswano.
Imeko nganye kwezi kungoku nje ichaziwe ngemisebenzi ethile yokuphamba ukuphucula ukhuphiswano kumashishini.
Iimeko zezinto ezinesiphumo zibhekiselele kwimeko zemveliso, ukufumaneka nempawu zobutyebi bendalo, inqanaba lamaxabiso ezinto ezifakwa phakathi ezinjengokusebenza, idizile, amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi, izixhobo, ulwazi namaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza. Ezi meko ziyimfuneko kwicandelo ukwenzela ukhuphiswano nokuzuza kwilizwe jikelele.
Izifundo zakutsha nje zibonise ukuba iimeko zezinto ezinesiphumo eMzantsi Afrika zinyanzela ukhuphiswano kwezolimo nakwicandelo lenkqubo zolimo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kule nyewe ngamaxabiso ezinto ezifakwa phakathi, imveliso yesiseko sobutyebi bendalo, ixabiso nempawu zabasebenzi abangena buchule, impawu zabasebenzi abanobuchule, iimpawu zolawulo ezimanyana nokuqesha nokulawula umsebenzi, impawu zamaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso usebenze, ixabiso lemali nexabiso nokufumaneka kolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele.
Xa uthelekisa neemveliso zenkozo ezinkulu zehlabathi ezinjenge-US, i -EU, i -Argentina neBrazil, uMzantsi Afrika unomhlaba onokubanakho osezantsi, owomileyo nonemozulu eguquguqukayo, kunye nokuxabisa okuphezulu koqoqosho. Ezi meko zenza kube nzima kakhulu kulimo laseMzantsi Afrika ukukhuphisana nala mazwe. Ngoko ke, ukwenzela babenokukhuphisana, amalungelo okuthenga agqutyiweyokumafama ekungabikhoni kwenkxaso yombuso iza kuba nokusebenza ngakumbi inciphise amaxabiso emveliso ingakumbi ngokusebenzisa izinto ezifakwa phakathi kambalwa zisebenze ngakumbi.
Amafama amaninzi namashishini olimo aphumelele ekuzalisekiseni izintlu zenkqubo zokuqoqosha, ukuthoba amaxabiso, ukuphucula ulawulo lomsebenzi nokusebenzisa amaxabiso njengelungu lophambo ukunciphisa imveliso yamaxabiso. Kanti, oku kunikeza kuphela inxalenye nempendulo zexeshana kumafama amaninzi amancinci naphakathi ngobukhulu nemigudu yamashishini olimo . Izintlu zenkqubo zikaRhulumente ezingquzulanayo ekuthobeni amaxabiso xa ewonke emveliso ngako oko ayafuneka ukwenzela abe lilungu elibalulekileyo lophambo lokukhuphisana.
Ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo zizibaso, uthutho namaxabiso emali. Amaxabiso othutho aphenjelelwa ikakhulu kukungalingani nokuhlwempuzeka kolawulo lothutho kumaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza. Imizekelo yezi zinto ibandakanya ukungafumaneki kwamakhareji ukuthutha izambuku, ukuswela ukhuphiswano langaphakathi eziporweni nakwinkonzo zezibuko ezibangela ukungathembeki neenkonzo eziduru, ezinyiniweyo nezinendleko yentlawulelo yothutho yomoya kulungiselelwa imveliso yolimo, ezonakalisiweyo nendlela zikazwelonke ezingonelanga zamaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza kunye nonxibelelwano oluhlwempuzekileyo lwamaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza. Ezi zinto zinesiphumo zizodwa zenza amaxabiso emveliso kulimo kwizwekazi lase -Afrika amaxesha amane abe duru kakhulu kunase -Asia, e -Amerika naseYurophu.
URhulumente unendima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuchazeni le micimbi.
Ukuphindwa kujongwe iimfuno zothuthu zenkasayiya ngokwazi ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wezolimo ezindleleni ukuya kowezenkasayiya.
Ukuzalisekisa "umbono nomgaqo wokuziphatha wobudlelane basemsebenzini kwezoLimo" oqulunkqwe lulimo olulungisiweyo, yimibutho yabasebenzi neSebe lezemiSebenzi, kwakunye nemarike yemisebenzi elungisiweyo.
Ubukhulu, ukukhula nokwakhiwa kwemarike zasekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni ukhuphiswano lehlabathi kwezoshishino. Ukhuphiswano lwasekhaya olomeleleyo lubalulekile yaye kukwiimeko ezinqabileyo kuphela apho ushishino lungenakukhuphisana kwimarike zasekhaya ezizezazo ezibya zikhuphisane kwihlabathi. Ukuba isantya soqoqosho lukhula ngokucothayo kunendlela isantya ebesinokukhula ngayo, ubukhulu bemarike yoMzantsi Afrika nokukhula kwesantya okucothayo kokutya nemveliso yosinga ziza kuthintela ukhuphiswano lolimo. Ngoko ke, Inqobo yokubaluleka ekuphuhliseni imarike zasekuhlaleni ezibangayo, ezibandakanya kodwa zinganyinwananga ekukhuthazeni iimarike ezisemagolonxeni nokukhuthaza ukhenketho kwezolimo namashishini asezilalini angengowakufuya nakulima kunye nemisebenzi.
Amathuba emarike asoloko engaphuhliswa esenziwa kukunqaba kolwazi. Ubulunga, ukufumaneka nexabiso lolwazi lemarike lukhathaza ngondileko ukhuphiswano lwamashishini amaninzi kwindawo zokutya kolimo. Ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka nexesha lolwazi, ukuphuhliswa kweemarike zasekuhlaleni ezintsha zicotha kakhulu.
Uqhubekeko lokuphucula umsebenzi wokuqokelela amanani ento ethile kwiSebe loLimo ngokusebenzisana noshishino neNgqokelela yamanani ento ethile eMzantsi Afrika.
Ukuphuhliswa kwamashishini asekuhlaleni amatsha ngenkqubo yofukamiso kwimimandla esemaphandleni.
Ubukho bamashishini axhobisayo ngokukhuphisana elizweni jikelele, anjengamashishini angena entweni, amaziko emali, amaziko ophando, iinkampani zothutho, abaxhobisi bokupakisha izixhobo, kunye nabaxhobisi bokuba ngamancedo anjengombane namanzi wona anempembelelo kukhuphiswano lwecandelo lolimo.
Ukwandiswa kozikiso-ngqondo kwimarike phakathi kwabaxhobisi bezinto ezifakwa phakathi noomabeli kwakunye nokwandiswa kolawulo zindibano zabarhwebi abaqhuba amashishini kazwelonke amaninzi angathi achaphazele ngokuchaseneyo nokhuphiswano lwecandelo lolimo. Amandla ezindibano zabarhwebi abaqhuba amashishini nokusalela kokhuphiswano ngaphakathi kwicandelo kungakhokelela kumaxabiso ezinto afakwa ngaphakathi aphezulu. Kule nyewe uRhulumente uza kujonga imisebenzi yokhuphiswano kulimo olufakwe into ngaphakathi nakumashishini abelanayo kwakunye, nalapho kuyimfuneko, kujongwe kwakho amanqanaba oluhlu lwamaxabiso okanyekunyanzeliswe umThetho woKhuphiswano.
Iziqalelo zokuvulwa kolimo lokuqala olunakho ukukhulisa lusuka kwinto yokuba amaxabiso abavelisi beemveliso zokuqala bathanda iinkozo neembewu ze-oyile ezandisa ngokucothayo kunamaxabiso azo afakwa ngamaxesha. Umsebenzi wabavelisi kukwandisa imveliso yabo ngenkuthalo ngokusebenzisa ingqesho kakhulu yezinto ezifakwa phakathi nobuchule bokuvelisa. Le nto ithetha ukuba oyena ndoqo kwimveliso ezisebenzayo ngaphezulu nokuphuculwa kokhuphiswano kuhleli kubukho bokhuphiswano oluninzi lwezinto ezifakwayo nokusetyenziswa kolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele kwimveliso ephuculweyo, ukwandiswa kokusebenza kuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni kolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele obuphuculweyo. Uphando ngolimo, uqeqesho nokwandiswa kwamaziko kuyinqobo yolinganiso kwelicandelo. Amaziko emali alunxibelelwano olubaluleke gqitha ekuqinisekiseni ukhuphiswano kwicandelo. Amafama arhwebayo adla ngokuphathwa kakuhle ziibhanki zorhwebo kwakunye neBhanki yoMhlaba. La maziko, ukanti, anethuba elinyiniweyo lokucebisa endaweni yokulinda abo bantu ukuba beze bacele uncedo neenkonzo kumabandla ahlwempuzekileyo. Ukudlulela, amafama amaninzi asakhulayo awabandakanywanga kwinkonzo ezininzi zezimali, ngenxa yengozi ephezulu yokubona ecaleni eqwalaselweyo, ebandakanywa phakathi kwezinye, ukuswela ukuvelisa kwelinye isebe lomnombo omnye. Iinzame zokuphuhlisa amabambela enza inguqulelo zokuvelisa kwelinye isebe lomnombo omnye zisenokukhuthazwa. Ukuzinziswa kwamaziko asekuhlaleni nawemalana ezincinane abandakanya inkonzo ezisebenzisana ngezimali kunye neebhanki zeedolophana, nazo ziyakuphuhliswa.
Iimeko ezilawula iifama namashishini olimo ukuba akhiwe njani, alungiselelwe yaye alawulwa, nobume bosukuzwano basekhaya, bunesiphumo esibalulekileyo kukhuphiswano leli candela. Ukhuphiswano oluvakalayo kokusingqongileyo kwicandelo ngokusebenzisa isicelo somgaqo-nkqubo wokhuphiswano, ulawulo olululo lamashishini nobuchule funeka buqinisekiswe. Ulawulo lamafama olunamandla okwenza namandla emarike yabathengi zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yokhuphiswano yecandelo lolimo -lokutya. Amatyathanga okuthengisa ngemiyinge emincinci ibuye yanda yanamandla amangalisayo kuthethathethwano nasekuchazeni amaxabiso abavelisi basekuhlaleni nabamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yoko, amafama anesithintelo kuthethathethwano ngamaxabiso. Ukuphucula amandla esigqibo samafama, kuye kwabaluleka ukwenza ulwahlulelwano nokuthembana okumileyo lonxibelelwano phakathi kwabadlali abaphambili kwityathanga elixhobisayo nokuphucula unxibelelwano letyathanga elixhobisayo ukuvumela amathuba okongeza ukuxabiseka. Imilinganiselo izakuthatyathwa ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lolwahlulelwano kwityathanga lokuxhobisa lokhuphiswano ngaphakathi kwamaqela anempahla yorhwebo azintloko.
Impembelelo kaRhulumente ingakha okanye ingakhi, ixhomekeke kwimigaqo -nkqubo yakhe, udweliso lwenkqubo nezixokelelwano zokusebenza. Ingqwalasela ibakho kwindawo ezithile kumanyano lolimo lokuba eminye imigaqo -nkqubo yoorhulumente nokuswela ukuzalisekisa okusebenzayo koludwe lweenkqubo zikarhulumente, zizinzima kukhuphiswano lokufuya nokulima noshishino lolimo nokutya. Ekubeni iingqwalasela zahlukile phakathi kwezikhoyo zamafama arhwebayo nasandula ukungena kwicandelo, kukho isivumelwano ukuba ukungoneli nokuqhekeka kwenkonzo ezithile, ulawulo olubhetyebhetye, ukumela nezigqibo ezingatshongo khona zabalawuli nokuzalisekiswa kwezigqibo zabalawuli okucothayo, zizinto ezifuna ukunikwa ingqwalasela ngokukhawuleza. Urhulumente kungoko nje uza kunika ingqwalasela ethile kwiimpucuko kuwo onke amanqanaba okunikezela ngenkonzo.
Ulimo ngokwenkcazelo lushishino olujongwe yingozi ngokwenziwa yimozulu eyahluka hlukanayo, izitshabalalisi, izifo neengozi zamaxabiso kwakunye neentlekele zendalo ezifana neembalela nezikhukula. Ngokwemeko yaseMzantsi Afrika, ingculaza, ulwaphulo -mthetho, ukunyuka nokuguquguquka kwenzala yabarhafi, iintlekele zendalo, nokungazinzi kwamaxabiso kubangelwa yimozulu enokuxelwa kwangaphambili, zizinto ezibaluleke gqitha ezo kuba zandisa amaxabiso zenzele ukhuphiswano ubunzima obuntsokothileyo kulimo-lokutya nolwakhiwo.
Uphambo lolawulo olusengozini olusebenzayo yinqobo yokulinganiswa kuphuculo lwezixhobo zolawulo olusengozini ezifana ne-inshorensi yemveliso yezilimo, ukhuselo lwezinto umntu anazo ezinokuthengiselwa ukuhlawulwa kwamatyala ache nemarike ezizayo zolimo. Elinye ilungu lophambo lolawulo olusengozini olubanzi sisixokelelwano sokulunyukiswa kwangoko esibandakanya indlela efaneleyo nokusetyenziswa ngexesha elililo, ngokuchanekileyo, ngokuphathelele kunye nolwazi olukhululekileyo ngemo yezulu. Xeshikweni le ingekenziwa ngokwaneleyo okwangoku, ulwazi olunjalo ngoku luza kwenziwa lufumaneke ngokwamaziko olwazi asemaphandleni ngokweSixokelelwano soLwazi ngokweJografi yoLimo. Urhulumente uza kuphucula usetyenziso ngokubanzi lwesi sixokelelwano solwazi ngolunye ulwazi olunikezwayo.
Izinto eziqhamka kutsha nje ezifana nenyebethu nekhanali bhanti zigxininise ubaluleko lokusebenzisana nezitshabalalisi, izifo zezilwanyana nezezityalo. Ukulawulwa okungonelanga nesakhelo seziko (umz. Ukwandisa iimfanelo zezizwe, iimfanelo ezahlukeneyo, ingqondo ebuthathaka yemfuyo nokungabikho kwamaziko akhoyo ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza), kwakunye nokuqhekeka nokungoneliseki yingqondo yokuhlola eshiya eli candela libhentsile.
Inkqubo yakutshanje yokulungiswa ngokutsha kwezityalo nempawu zolawulo kwakunye neenkonzo zemfuyo linqanaba lokuqala elichaza le ngxaki. Le nkqubo iza kuqhubekeka kunye nomgaqo -nkqubo nokucingwa kwakhona ukumiswa komthetho welizwe kulawulo lwezifo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ukongeza, isibhalo sokuqala somnqophiso esi sebenzisana neengxakeko zeSPS nezityalo kwakunye nezinto zempilo yesilwanyana sicacisiwe, njengoko kuzinziswa umzimba okhuselekileyo wokutya oluzimeleyo ngokwandiswa kwengqondo yokuphucula ulawulo.
Ingozi zamaxabiso ngokwenkcazelo nganye yindawo yemarike yolimo engalawulekiyo. Ukwabelana ngengozi zexabiso ngokusebenzisa iintlobo ntlobo zezixhobo zolawulo oluyingozi oko ukuthi iimarike ezizayo zizakubaluleka kuwo onke amafama. Urhulumente ngokusebenzisana necandelo labucala uza kundulula uqeqesho olubanzi noluhlu lwenkqubo yokuqonda phakathi kwamafama ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zolawulo olusengozini olunjengemarike zolimo ezizayo. Imarike nolawulo olusengozini lukwancitshiswa ngokulungileyo nangolwazi lexesha elililo lemarike. Apha uRhulumente, ngokwengqondo yamanani akhe aqokelelweyo, asenendima ebalulekileyo ayidlalayo, xeshikweni ezinye iziqalo ezifana nokwakhiwa kutsha nje kwesiXokelelwano seNgqiqo seShishini loLimo naso esiza kukhuthazwa. Le mizamo iza kunika amafama noshishino lolimo kunye nengqiqo yemarike efunekayo ukwenza izigqibo zoshishino oluxeliweyo lunciphise imarike nengozi zexabiso.
Kungoku nje, uMzantsi Afrika awunankxaso yamalungiselelo olimo inikeziweyo yaye akukho zakhiwo zamaziko asebenzayo azinzileyo alungiselela ulawulo lwentlekele. Kolu khanyo, ukwakhiwa kwengqondo yeziko ukuzalisekisa ulawulo lentlekele nokuzinzisa amalungiselelo abanzi ukuhambisana nentlekele ezinjengezikhukula, imililo iimbalela kwicandelo lolimo zisendleleni. Amalungiselelo anjalo angabandakanya amalungiselelo okulinganiswa kwemivuzo nezintlu zenkqubo ze-inshorensi yengozi eyakuyilwa ngothelelwano phakathi kukaRhulumente, amafama ne-inshorensi yabucala yendibano yabarhwebi abaqhuba amashishini.
Okokugqibela, imizamo karhulumente okhoyo ukulawula isifo esikhoyo kwilizwe jikelele ugawulayo, ukulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho, kunye nokuqinisekisa uzinzo lolwandiso loqoqosho luzakunyuswa ukunciphisa ezinye izinto eziyingozi kwelicandelo.
Ukwandisa ukhuphiswano kuxhasa iingxoxo ngemfuneko ukugcina umanyano lwecandelo kuqoqosho lwehlabathi yaye lubonakaliswa kukubanako kwayo ukuthengisa imveliso yayo kwiimarike zehlabathi. Le nto inganegalelo ekukhuleni koqoqosho lubheke phezulu ngokwandisa ukufikeleleka kwimarike.
Iintshukumo zikaRhulumente ukuxhasa amathuba orhwebo zibalulekile, kodwa ziza kufuna ukuxhaswa ngokucaciswa ngokugqithisileyo nangokukhuseleka kulimo lwehlabathi, iimarike kwakunye norhwebo lobuchule bokuphathisana libekwe kwinqanaba apho ulimo laseMzantsi Afrika lunebala lokudlala lezizwe. Ulimo loMzantsi Afrika fanele lumelane nokusingqongileyo olucaciswa kukunyuswa kwenqanaba labatshintshi kulimo, uluhlu lwamaxabiso aphezulu nawenyukayo kwakunye nokuswela ubukrelekrele ngamazwe asele ephuhlile. Iimarike kula mazwe nazo ziphawulwa zizithintelo ezingeloluhlu lwamaxabiso kwiintlobo ntlobo zembonakalo efana nesityalo esintsokothileyo, imilinganiselo yempilo yezilwanyana nabantu. Iinkqubo zasemakhaya nolawulo lwemida alwanelanga ngokupheleleyo ukumelana nokuthengisa impahla kwelinye ilizwe ngamaxabiso aphantsi, izinto ezingeniswe elizweni ngokuchasene nomthetho kwakunye nokwanelisa kokusetyenziswa kweSPS nemilinganiselo yokuvalwa kwamazibuko okungena. Imilinganiselo namanqanaba eSPS yasekuhlaleni kutsha nje ayikhange isigcine isantya esidibene nokukhula kwezinto ezingeniswa elizweni nezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, xeshikweni iimbango ngamashishini ngokuhlonipha imicimbi yeSPS idla ngokunganikwa mnqweno walungelo liphambili nguRhulumente okanye phantsi kwamaxesha axatyisiweyo alibazisayo.
Inkcubeko ephumayo ethunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe iswele ngamanye amazwi kodwa indawo ezimbalwa zolimo loMzantsi Afrika nolwakhiwo lwamabhunga athunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe ngolimo kutsha nje kukungeniswa kwezinto ezintsha ngokuthelekisayo noko. Inkxaso ezinikeleyo kwizinto ezithunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe zolimo bezisoloko ziswele oko kwashenxiswa inkuthazo yoyilo lwezinto ezithunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe ngo-1977.
Ngokubalulekileyo, indlela esecaleni yokubanga (o.k.t. ukushenxisa imiqobo yendlela zemarike nokhuphiswano olungalunganga) kwakunye nendlela esecaleni yokuxhobisa (o.k.t. ukuphucula ukuthunywelwa kwezinto kwelinye ilizwe) iyafuneka ukuvuna ngokupheleleyo izinto zoqoqosho eziluncedo kurhwebo lezizwe.
Amanyathelo okuqala ophuculo lorhwebo nokufana kanye okomeleleyo koMzantsi Afrika (o.k.t. Ngeqhayiya loMzantsi Afrika), amagama ohlobo oluphezulu lobulunga nokuthe ngqo nenkxaso ezinikeleyo yolimo olwenziwa luntsokothe (umz.
Intsebenziswano ekudluleni ngaphakathi kumda, umz.
Ukulawulwa kwemida esebenzayo ukuchasana nokungenisa elizweni ngokuchasene nomthetho, imisebenzi yokungenisa elizweni ngobuqhinga kwakunye ukungasetyenziswa kakuhle kweSPS nemilinganiselo kunye nemithetho yemveli yokuvalelwa. Ekuchazeni lemicimbi, uRhulumente sele esenkqubeni yokuphucula inkonzo yohlolo lwakhe, ukwandisa isitafu kwindawo ezisemdeni zokulinda encedisa iSARS ekuqhubeleni phambili ngobuchule bayo emdeni kananjalo.
Komnye umlinganiselo wokuphucula amathuba okurhwebelana nezizwe, kuya kugqaliselwa ngamandla ekuphuculeni ingqondo nokuqondakala kococeko kwimilinganiselo yezityalo okanye uhlaza olucocekileyo. Kule nyewe uRhulumente uza kundulula impembelelo yonxibelelwano lorhwebo olunelungelo eliphambili lokulawula indawo ngokwenza izinto ziqhubeke kunokulinda izinto ziqhubeke wandule ukuphendula ngokuthembisa nangokuzinzisa ulwalamano namagunya eSPS kwinto ekhoyo engundoqo neemarike zokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe anakho ukuqinisekisa imilinganiselo esekelezelwe kwinzululwazi, engqinelana kumanqanaba ezizwe nako kunakanwa ngokufanayo kusetyenzisiweyo. Ngaphezu koko, uRhulumente uza kudibanisa ngokuzibopha noomahlulelane beSADC kwinqanaba eliqalisa amaqela ezizwe ngenjongo yokugcina inokulawulwa kodwa isekelezelwe kumanqanaba ezizwe.
Uluhlu lwenkqubo ukuphucula amathuba okurhwebela amabandla asemaphandleni ahlwempuzekileyo (uluhlu lwenkqubo oluncitshisiweyo olukhokelela kuhlwempuzeko lwezonto ezithunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe).
Injongo yolu phambo kukukhulisa iingqondo zamafama ukuba asebenzise ubutyebi ngohlobo olugcinakeleyo nokuqinisekisa usetyenziso oluphaphileyo nolawulo lobutyebi bendalo. Oku kuza kufuna umbono wexesha elide ngenjongo ecacileyo namancedo aza kukhokela oluhlobo lukhoyo lokusebenzisa ubutyebi ukuqinisekisa unikezelo lwabo lwexesha elide. Olu phambo luza kungqubana nokhathalelo lomhlaba, nokuphindwa kwabelwane ngomhlaba, ukusetyenziswa komhlaba kokungqonge idolophu, ukwenza imimandla ephezulu yomhlaba enakho yolimo, ukulondoloza iindawo zomhlaba ezibuthathaka, ukungafani kwebhayoloji nezixokelelwano zamanzi, njl-njl.
Okusentloko kolu phambo, kukulondoloza ukungafani kwibhayoloji yolimo nokuphucula ukusetyenziswa okugciniweyo komhlaba namanzi ngokukhulisa imveliso yesilimo nemfuyo ngokwenza ngokungaphezulu nangaphezulu egcineni izixokelelwano zokufuya nokulima. Uthabatho nxaxheba ngumfama ngoyena ndoqo kwimpumelelo yophambo. Ukongeza, iindlela ezenza inguqulelo ukunxibelelanisa ulawulo lobutyebi bendalo kuluhlu lweenkqubo zokuxhasa lunganikeza indawo yokuphumelela eza kuba nesiphumo esifutshane samancedo oqoqosho kumafama yaye kwangaxesha linye luncedise kwinjongo yexesha elide yokulondoloza isiseko sobutyebi bendalo.
Ukuthotywa kobutyebi bomhlaba namanzi bubangele intsongelo eyingozi elizweni. Uphambo lufuna ukuyilwa ukoyisa onobangela bokuthotywa. Ulwakhiwo lwenkxaso lwamaziko awomeleleyo notshintsho lolwando kwiingqeqesho ezikhoyo kufuyo nolimo ziza kufuneka ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa komhlaba namanzi. Ukwazisa ulomelelo olungaphezulu lesixokelelwano sokufuya nokulima ngokwentsebenziswano elungileyo yesixokelelwano esijikelezayo singenza unikezelo olumandla kule nyewe.
Umhlaba, amanzi neezintlu zenkqubo zolondolozo ziza kugqalisela kwiindawo apho kukho isizathu esivakalayo samathuba empumelelo: apho uxinzelelo loluntu luphezulu, ithuba lamaxabiso omsebenzi esezantsi, ukhuseleko lomhlaba luphezulu, imveliso ngolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele buyafumaneka nalapho kukho indlela kwiimarike, izinto ezifakwa ngaphakathi kwakunye neenkonzo. Njengoko ukuzalisekiswa okuyimpumelelo kweenkonzo zokuxhasa ulimo zingenza unikezelo olunentsingiselo kusetyenziso olugciniweyo nakulawulo lobutyebi bendalo.
Ukubeka imveliso nokugcinwa ngaphakathi kwembono yesixokelelwano sokufuya nokulima. Oku kuxhasa izixokelelwano zemveliso enobuhlobo kokusingqongileyo, zibandakanya imveliso emanyeneyo, ulawulo lwezilimo olumanyeneyo nofuyo nolimo oluphilayo. Izintlu zenkqubo nemisebenzi egqaliselweyo iza kulungelelaniswa yimbono yokukholelwa ukuba yonke into endalweni inxulumene ngenye indlela nemithetho-siseko yolawulo olugciniweyo lobutyebi bendalo.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeziqalo zemiphambo ephakathi (o.k.t. ubulungisa, ukhuphiswano nokugcinwa kobutyebi obusebenzisa imiphambo) zingqumlana yaye ziza kunikezela ngaselwakhiweni nasekusebenziseni ukuthembela kulimo. Urhulumente ucinga ukuthembela njengokubalulekileyo kukhuliso oluzayo lweli candela.
Ezi ziphambo zibalulekile kuba zinika isiseko esiqiqiweyo ngaphandle kwenjongo yophambo lokhuphiswano, ebandakanya negcina ulimo azizi kuqonda. Ezi ziphambo zizi kunikwa elona lungelo liphambili yaye kungoku nje lixoxiwe ngenkcukacha ezingaphaya.
Umthetho -siseko wolawulo olulungileyo lunxibelelwano olukhoyo jikelele eliphetheyo kulo lonke uyilo lophambo. Ayisebenzi kuphela kuRhulumente kodwa kubo bonke abanye abadlali abanendima kwicandelo. Phakathi kuRhulumente isakhelo senkqubo sokwakha ulawulo olulungileyo olucacileyo, oluphuma kumthengi necandelo likawonke wonke lolimo olucacileyo luza kuba yeyona ndawo iphambili ukuqinisekisa isiseko esivakalayo sokufumana injongo yokuphamba.
Elona lungu lingundoqo lokuphamba lolawulo olulungileyo iza kuba lulwalamano. Endaweni yokuqala uRhulumente uza kuphuhlisa isakhelo senkqubo esenzela ulwalamano phakathi kukawonke wonke necandelo labucala kunye neeNGO ukunika intsebenziswano kwiziqalo eziphakathi zokuphamba kwicandelo, ukutsho oko ubulungisa, ukhuphiswano nokugcina.
Ingqondo karhulumente weSizwe elwakhiweni lwezintlu zenkqubo ukuxhasa izinto ezikhoyo zikawonke wonke, urhulumente wamaphondo nowasekuhlaleni.
Iimpawu nenkuthalo yeenkonzo zokuhambisa nguRhulumente ziza kubaluleka ekuzuzeni injongo yecandelo lolimo elimelwe ngamandla. Iinkonzo ezithile zikaRhulumente nemigaqo-nkqubo nazo zibalulekile ukuphucula ukhuphiswano kwicandelo. Imizekelo ngummiselo wesakhelo senkqubo ovakalayo nosebenzayo kwakunye nolawulo olusebenzayo jikelele. Ngenxa yesisizathu imithetho yokuziphatha yenkonzo entsha yohambiso iza kuqulunqwa ukukwenzela kwandiswe ukuphendula nokumela kwabo bonke abanikeli benkonzo zikawonke wonke nezabucala kumafama nakwimfuno zamashishini olimo. Ixabiso leenkonzo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle nalo liza kucaciswa. Ukwandiswa kwinkuthalo nobumvoco buza kufunyanwa ngokwabela abaphantsi amagunya, ukuvumelana nokwabelana ngamaxabiso ukulungiselela iinkonzo.
Enye injongo yokuphamba yolawulo olulungileyo kukubeka uRhulumente njengomthelelanisi othembekileyo, ongaguquguqiyo nonemigaqo -nkqubo nezintlu zenkqubo enokuxelwa kwangaphambili eqinisekisa amancedo angawona alungileyo okuhambisa kwezolimo.
Ukuphindwa kuyilwe iKomiti yorhulumente omanyeneyo kwezoLimo njengeKomiti yoLawulo loLimo.
Injongo yokugqibela yokuphamba yolawulo olulungileyo kukwakha indlela emanyeneyo nesisixokelelwano ukuchonga, ukulawula nokwabelana ngokuqonda ulimo nangolwazi lwezinto umntu anazo kwicandelo likawonke wonke. Iinkangeleko ezingundoqo ziza kubandakanya ukuphuhliswa kwesikhokelo, isakhelo senkqubo yeziko kwakunye neenkqubo zolwazi lokulawula kwezolimo.
Umthetho wokuziphatha wentsebenziswano yolawulo lukarhulumente omanyeneyo luza, phakathi kwabanye, kuphakamisa isakhelo senkqubo yowiso-mithetho ukulungiselela unxibelelwano lukarhulumente omanyeneyo kwezolimo; cacisa indima kwakunye neemfanelo phakathi kwamasebe ezolimo esizwe nawamaphondo kwakunye norhulumente wasekuhlaleni; zinzisa isakhelo senkqubo ukukhokela nokulawula ingxelo ecacileyo, ulinganiso, uzalisekiso, ukongamela nokuvavanywa kwemigaqo -nkqubo nezintlu zenkqubo; zinzisa isakhelo senkqubo sentsebenziswano emanyeneyo yenkcitho noyilo loqingqo -mali; Phakamisa isixokelelwano solawulo solwazi; Phakamisa isakhelo senkqubo nezithethe namanqanaba kuyilo lokuphuhlisa ubutyebi boluntu nasekuzalisekiseni; Yenza kubelula iziko lwengqiqo eyakhiwayo yeePDA noorhulumente basekuhlaleni.
Imithetho yokuziphathayamabandla kawonke wonke abucala olwalamano, kwelinye icala, aza kugqalisela ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iqabane ngalinye elithanda ukuhlala nabanye elibandakanyekayo kule nkqubo likhuthazwa ukuba linikeze ngento. Imithetho yokuziphatha iza kuphindwa kwakho iqinisekise ukuba amaqabane athanda ukuhlala nabanye ayakhuthazwa ukuba adlale indima ephambili kwindawo eziluncedo ezizezabo ezinxulumene nothelekiso. Kude kube lapha, uRhulumente uza kufikelela kuzo zonke iindawo zikawonke wonke ezilungileyo kwakunye neenkonzo ezifana nemigaqo -nkqubo, uwiso -mthetho, imimiselo, amaziko akhoyo kawonke wonke ukuze umbuso ube nokusebenza kwakunye neenkonzo. Endaweni yayo, amashishini namafama aza kulindeleka ukuba anikele kuphuhliso nakumashishini asebenzayo kwakunye nemibutho emelweyo nokukhupha imidla yabo kuRhulumente. Indibano ezimanyeneyo nazo zicingelwa phakathi koRhulumente, amashishini namafama apho lilinye lingenakho ukuthabatha ishishini lilodwa. Ezinye zezindawo ngokwasembuzweni zibandakanya uphuhliso lobutyebi boluntu, ulungiselelo lokwandiswa kweenkonzo, ukwakhiwa nokuphuhliswa kwemibutho yamafama, nophando kwakunye nokutshintshwa kolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele.
Okokugqibela, uRhulumente ukwiphulo lokuzinzisa isakhelo senkqubo yenkonzo yamanqanaba ohambiso, aza kwenziwa aziwe kumaqabane athanda ukuhlala nabanye nesizwe siphela. Ngokomgaqo -nkqubo weBatho Pele kwinkonzo yohambiso, injongo yenkonzo yamanqanaba ohambiso kukwenza abe nako amaqabane athanda ukuhlala nabanye nowonke wonke ukubamba uRhulumente acacisele iinkonzo ezizinikele ngokwazo ekuzinikezeleni nakwiqondo lokuthembisa ubulunga bamanqanaba.
Uyilo lokuhlalisana emaphandleni ukuhlalisa imifuziselo yabahlali abatsha abajikelezayo oko kwasuswa ukuhlaliswa ngokwemithetho yengcinezelo nokuzalwa kwedemokrasi ngo-1994.
Inkxaso karhulumente eyomeleleyo nezinikele ekuphumezeni ukuzalisekisa uPhambo lokuPhuhlisa amaPhandle aManyeneyo naGciniweyo [ISRDS] ibalulekile kwimpumelelo yoyilo lwelicandelo. Uphambo luza kunceda abahlwemuzekileyo emaphandleni jikelele, kodwa imizamo ethile iza kwenziwa ukuzama ukufumana abafazi, ulutsha nabakhubazekileyo. Icandelo lolimo elinempumelelo liza kwenza ilungu elibalulekileyo lophuhliso olusemaphandleni olumanyeneyo nolugciniweyo nangokuphendulelekileyo.
Uqoqosho lwehlabathi lutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza lutshintshelwa kulwazi nakuqoqosho lothungelwano. Kweli hlabathi, ukusika umqukumbelo wongeniso lwezinto ezintsha nowolwazi kubalulekile kukhuphiswano olugciniweyo nolunenzuzo. Kungenxa yezi zizathu ukuba amaqabane ophambo abeke inzululwazi nolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele njengokubaluleka kophambo olufezekisayo. Eyona njongo yolu phambo kukwandisa imibono nengqondo zokwenza inguqulelo zabadlali abanendima badibanise ezi kwindawo yemarike zangomso.
Le nto fanele ikhokele ekwandisweni kozaliso-mali nasekusetyenzisweni kwezona ziqhubekileyo nakwimveliso yakutsha nje ephuma kuphando, uqeqesho nezixokelelwano ezandisiweyo. Ngokuzalisekisa olu phambo, icandelo lizama ukusebenzisa uphando olusekuqaleni nezintlu zenkqubo yemfundo ezifanelekileyo ukuphucula ulwazi ngobugcisa jikelele obutsha nobuphambiweyo obubalulekileyo, [ulwazi ngobugcisa jikelele bebhayoliji, ulwazi, noqhagamshelwano] noluhlu lolwazi ngobugcisa obengeza ixabiso ekucudiseni ixabiso langomso. Le yamva iza kukhuthaza ukhuphiswano olugciniweyo lwemveliso yoMzantsi Afrika kwiimarike zehlabathi zincedise ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhuselayo ezingqongqo zokutya ezifakwe ngamazwe asemNtla.
Ngaphezu kweminyaka isixokelelwano sophando solimo eMzantsi Afrika sivelise iziphumo ezinika umdla ngaphandle kobumbolo-mbini ethanda amafama amakhulu, yaye nangona kukho ingxoxo ethanda inkxaso engaphaya yalowo "waziwayo ngokuphumelela" . Ulandulo kwishumi leminyaka egqithileyo kuzaliso-mali luphelele kuphando lolimo nakuphuhliso lolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele buthi bungafikeleli kumceli mngeniomiswe nguMongameli wophuhliso lolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele nokwindawo ephezulu kwicandelo njengenkokheli kuqoqosho lasemaphandleni. Urhulumente uza kwandisa unkezelo mali kuphando lolimo ukukhuthaza impucuko eqhubekekayo kukhuphiswano nobunkokheli kulwazi, uqhagamshelwano nakulwazi ngobugcisa jikelele ngebhayoloji obubalulekileyo kulimo lwangomso eMzantsi Afrika.
Ixabiso eliphezulu lokuba nolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele lungoyiswa ngomanyano neR&D kunye namashishini olwazi ngobugcisa jikelele.
Ukunikeza inkxaso ukulungiselela unxibelelwano lesigqibo phakathi kwamaziko ophando olimo nemibutho yabameli bamashishini, kwakunye nommandla nezinto ezikhoyo kuphando lolimo lezizwe.
Ukuqukwa konke kwehlabathi kuzise kunye nako uzungulezo ngokokubakho kolwazi oselulungile kunye nolwazi ngobugcisa jikelele, ukwanda kwentshukumo yeempahla, iinkonzo nabantu uwele imida, ukwanda kobutyebi kodwa nelishwa lokwenziwa banzi okuqhubekekayo kwesithuba phakathi kwesityebi nehlwempu.
Ubukhulu boMzantsi Afrika njengomfuziselo wedemokrasi entsha ngobaxo wandise imibango kuyo ngothatho nxaxheba kwizizwe kwiintlobo ngentlobo zendawo yemibutho. Le mibango yenze ubunzima kwisikhundla sayo ukwenza owona msebenzi uthabathekisayo wamathuba wahlangabezana nemiceli mngeni yokuba ngumdlali wehlabathi kwindawo ezininzi zezizwe. Isantya esikhawulezileyo sotshintsho kulawulo lolimo, uphando, urhwebo nokusingqongileyo kwakunye nezasekhaya nokhuseleko lokutya kwelizwekazi kuxhalabisa ukunyanzelwa kwezizathu zoMzantsi Afrika ushiyeke ungaphambili kwizinto zophuhliso ezikhathaza ulimo. Imidla yethu kwintsebenziswano nezizwe kwindawo yolimo ichazwa yipolitiki, urhwebo, bubugcisa noqeqesho obufunekayo obubalulekileyo ekuxhaseni uYilo lokuPhamba kwicandelo lolimo.
UMzantsi Afrika uthabathe indima yobunkokheli ekuqaleni ubuntshatsheli obuthanda uphuhliso kummandla nakwi-Afrika jikelele. Imizekelo yokuqala yimithetho yokuziphatha yorhwebo kwiSADC, inyathelo lokuqala lwe-Afrika eNtsha nezikhundla ezingundoqo kwakunye nomanyano kumaziko anamacala amaninzi akhokelela kuphuhliso olwakhayo lolimo e-Afrika. URhulumente uchonge intsebenziswano nezizwe waphuhlisa iziphumo ezinobuhlobo zezivumelwano zezizwe njengamalungelo aphambili ukulungiselela ixesha elimisiweyo eliphakathi, yaye iphinde yazilungiselela kwayona kakuhle kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nemiceli mngeni emiswe kukwandiswa kwemibango ngabameli bezizwe eMelika, eYurophu nakwiMpuma ekude.
Imibango yobugcisa bokukhulisa amakhaya encedisa kwindawo yolimo iphuma kwinyathelo lokuqala lwe- Afrika eNtsha, kwinyathelo lokuqala leSADC nakwintlanganiso ezivela kumacala amabini kumazwe ase-Afrika. URhulumente, ngentsebenziswano nabathelelanisi abohlukeneyo, baza kukhokela ekuphuhliseni isakhelo senkqubo yokuncedisa kubugcisa ejonge ekuqaliseni ukulawula indawo ngokwenza izinto ziqhubeke kunokuba zilinde izinto zenzeke emva koko zibe nento eziyenzayo kuluhlu lwenkqubo ukuxhasa ulwakhiwo lwesikhundla nophuhliso kummandla kwaye nakwilizwekazi i -Afrika. Kude kuzokuthi ga ngoku, uRhulumente uza kujonga ekusebenzeni kunye entweni nomahlulelane abangengoma -Afrika.
EMzantsi Afrika, uRhulumente kudibana nabanikeli bangaphandle ukucacisa uluhlu lwenkqubo yozaliso-mali ukuxhasa uphuhliso lolimo ndawonye noyilo lokuphamba. Nangona uphando lezizwe lukhokelele kwimveliso yomsebenzisi wezinto entsha, ubukho bolwazi oluninzi buvuse uluntu ngokuphathelele kukhuseleko lokutya, ukuziqhelanisa nomsebenzi onobulungisa, njl-njl. Ukwandisa ishishini losetyenziso lwezinto kukhuseleko lokutya kwimarike ezibalulekileyo zangaphandle ezibeka izinto zethu ezithunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe engozini kwaye zifune iimpendulo ezazisiweyo nezilawula indawo ngokwenza izinto ziqhubeke endaweni yokulinda izinto zenzeke emva koko zibe nento eziyenzayo kuzo kwakunye nokuphazanyiswa okuvela kuRhulumente. Intsebenziswano engaguquguqukiyo nemibutho eyakha inqanaba lezizwe, umz. i-FAO Codex Alimentarius, INgqungquthela yokuKhusela iziTyalo zeLizwe, umbutho wezeMpilo yeziLwanyana weZizwe (OIE) neengqungquthela kwakunye neentshukumo ezinokungqubana kulimo ezifana nezo zibandakanya okusingqongileyo, ulwazi ngobugcisa jikelele obutsha nengqondi yobunini nezizezona zizezophambo olunyanzelisayo loMzantsi Afrika kwinkulungwane entsha. URhulumente uzibophelele ekwandiseni ubandakanyeko lwakhe nokunika amandla nakubutyebi ukusebenzisana nala maziko ngendlela elungiselelweyo ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu ezayo.
Ulwaphulo -mithetho yasemaphandleni yinto ekhwankqisayo kakhulu. Le nto iphatha kakubi uzinzo emaphandleni, nezakuthi ekugqibeleni ibangele ubunzima kuzaliso-mali nokhuliso loqoqosho kwindawo zasemaphandleni ekugqibeleni. Uphambo olubanzi noluzinikeleyo luyafuneka ukunqanda isantya esiphezulu sobundlobongela, ulwaphulo-mthetho, isikrokro nokuxhalaba sokuthanda ukuhlala kunye esigqubayo kwiindawo zasemaphandleni nokuphucula iimeko ezilungileyo zokusebenza, unxibelelwano lobumelwane nokuzinikela okukhulu kumabandla achaphazelekayo.
Abantu abathile noovimba bemali fanele banikezelwe kwiSAPS neSANDF ukunceda imikhosi yokhuselo ukwenza umsebenzi wabo ngokunqanda ulwaphulo-mthetho nokufezekiswa uyilo lokhuseleko emaphandleni.
Ukubaluleka kophambo lweKomiti eLungelelanisa indawo ekunokuQhutywa kuyo yeSizwe [NOCOC] iKomiti eneLungelo lokuqala, njengesakhiwo esilungiselelweyo sabo bonke abadlali abanendima kuyilo lokhuseleko emaphandleni, luza kuphinda lomelezwe ngabantu abafunayo nabubutyebi bezimali ukuyinceda ifezekise uyilo lokhuseleko emaphandleni nokulungelelanisa imisebenzi phakathi kwabadlali bendawo noRhulumente.
Umbono "wecandelo elimanyeneyo nelinempumelelo kulimo" lifuna oomahlulelane babe neengcebiso ezisebenzayo, imiboniso engundoqo eyenzayo, amanqanaba enkozo zokuhambisa, ukongamela nezixokelelwano zokuvavanya kwakunye nezakhelo zexesha ukwenzela kuqondwe uyilo lokuphamba olumanyeneyo. Kwakhona ikwafuna uRhulumente enze izinto ngokwahlukileyo -ngokukhawuleza okudibene nokungxama okukhulu nangothelelwano namafama, amashishini olimo, ii-NGO, namanye amasebe karhulumente.
Ukongamela inkqubela ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olululo lwenkqubo yokuzalisekisa. Oku kufuna inqwalasela eyodwa kulungiselelo lolwazi nakwisixokelelwano solwazi lolawulo kwakunye nokufakelwa kwesixokelelwano sokongamela nokuvavanya.
Intshukumo yoyilo ayinakucaciswa ngaphandle kothatho nxaxheba oluzeleyo lwabo babekwa ityala ngemfanelo yokuzalisekiswa kwayo. Uyilo lokuphamba lwenza amalungiselelo omthetho wokuziphatha ocetywayo wolwahlulelwano lebandla likawonke -wonke -labucala likwabiza uzalisekiso oluhlangeneyo. Kude kube ngoku, ikomiti ehlangeneyo esisigxina iza kumiliselwa phakathi kwabathelelani ababandakanyekayo koku kuqalwa koyilo lokuphamba, ibizwa ngokuba liSebe loLimo, i-Agri SA, neNAFU.
Chaza ngokucacileyo onke amanyathelo okuqala achongiweyo okuphamba.
Ukubunjwa kolakhiwo lolawulo ngemisebenzi ukuxhasa izinto ezifakwa phakathi ezibekwa ityala ngemfuneko yokuzalisekisa uluhlu lwenkqubo ngalunye kwezi, nokuba into efakwa phakathi ikuwonke-wonke, ibucala okanye ikwicandelo elizithandeleyo.
Ukubumba isakhelo senkqubo yokunika ingxelo esekelwe kuyilo lokongamela nokuvavanya izintlu zenkqubo neenkqubo zexeshana ezenza uyilo lokuphamba. Ikomoti ehlangeneyo esisigxina fanele inike ingxelo yeziphumo yezi ntshukumo kwintloko yabathelelani rhoqo.
Inkqubo yokunika amandla kuwo onke amacandelo ecandelo lokutya kolimo.
Ukuthoba amaxabiso emveliso xa ewonke, ubandakanye ukuthotywa kwakho kwerhafu nemisebenzi kwidizile nakwezinye izinto ezifakwa phakathi.
Ikomiti ehlangeneyo esisigxina iza kuthembeka kwinqanaba lesizwe ngokongamela inkqubo yaye iza kongamela uluhlu lwenkqubo yokuzalisekisa. Igqiza elisebenzayo okanye amaqela asebenzayo aza kuba ngundoqo ekuzalisekisweni kwenkqubo kumaphondo yaye aza kunika ingxelo kwikomiti ehlangeneyo esisigxina. Oomahlulelane abaphambayo fanele bachaze ukuba ubutyebi [boluntu nemali] obusuka kumahlulelane ngamnye bazibophelele yaye buyalawulwa kwinkqubo yokuzalisekiswa kwezintlu zenkqubo ezizintlobo ngeentlobo kwakunye nophambo.
Inyathelo lokuqalo nelona libalulekileyo kakhulu kukunxibelela olu phambo kabanzi kangangoko unakho. Injongo kukuba olu xwebhu lubhaliweyo fanele lufundwe ngokubanzi yaye olo lwazi lukuluhlu lwenkqubo yokuzalisekisa fanele kwabelwane ngayo rhoqo nabo bonke abadlali abanendima. Inkqubo yokuhambisa uyilo lokuphamba lecandelo kungoku nje liqalile.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ukubanjelwa kwecandelo 10 loMthetho wesi-3 (2000).txt</fn>
c inkqubo eziza kulandelwa malunga nesaziso neenkqubo zenkcazo; kwaye d inkqubo eziza kulandelwa malunga nezicelo zezizathu ; kunye e nomgaqo wokuziphatha olungileyo wokulawula ukwenzela ukunikeza abalawuli ngezikhokelo ezenziwayo nolwazi olujonge ekukhuthazeni ulawulo olusebenzayo nolunenzuzo yeenjongo zalo Mthetho.
Eli candela lingangacacisi njengelinika amandla umPhathiswa ukwenza imimiselo ngaphandle kokuqala linxibelelane neKomishoni yeeNkonzo zasebuRhulumenteni, ngokuphathelele kuwo nawuphi na umbandela onokumiselwa yiKomishoni yeeNkonzo zasebuRhulumenteni eziphantsi komGaqo-siseko okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho.
a owenziwe ngaphantsi kwamacandelwana 1a, b, c kunye no-d no-2 c, d kunye no-e fanele ngaphambi kokuba ipapashwe kwiGazethi, ingeniswe ePalamente; kwaye b owenziwe ngaphantsi kwecandelwana [ 1 e no-] 2c, dfanele ngaphambi kokupapashwa kwiGazethi ivunywe yiPalamente.
Nawuphi na ummiselo owenziwe ngaphantsi kwamacandelwana 1 no-2 okanye nawaphi na amalungiselelo omgaqo wokuziphatha olungileyo wokulawula owenziwe ngaphantsi kwecandelwana u5A elinokukhokelela ekudyakrazweni kwemali nguRhulumente ekufanele ukuba senziwe ngokunxumana nomPhathiswa wezeMali.
A UmPhathiswa fanele ngesaziso kwiGazethi ngokupapasha umgaqo wokuziphatha olungileyo wokulawula ukwenzela ukunikeza abalawuli izikhokelo ezenziweyo nolwazi olujonge ekukhuthazeni ulawulo olusebenzayo nolunenzuzo yeenjongo zalo Mthetho.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ukubeka abantu kuqala.txt</fn>
Ukudibana Abemi kufuneka kudityanwe nabo ngomgangatho kunye nobulunga beenkonzo zikarhulumente abazifumanayo, kwaye apho kwenzekayo khona, banikwe ukhetho ngeenkonzo ezinikwayo.
Imigangatho yeenkonzo Abemi kufuneka baxelelwe ukuba yeyiphi imigangatho kunye nobulunga beenkonzo zikarhulumente abaya kuzifumana ukuze bazi ukuba balindele ntoni.
Ufikelelo Bonke abemi kufuneka babe nofikelelo olulinganayo kwiinkonzo abanelungelo lazo.
Imbeko Abemi kufuneka baphathwe ngembeko kwaye bacingelwe.
Ulwazi Abemi kufuneka banikwe ulwazi olupheleleyo, oluchanekileyo malunga neenkonzo zikarhulumente abanelungelo lokuzifumana.
Ukulungisa Ukuba ngaba umgangatho wenkonzo obuthenjisiwe awufezekiswanga, makucelwe uxolo kubemi, kwaye kunikwe ingcaciso epheleleyo kunye nolungiso olukhawulezayo nolusebenzayo; kwaye xa izikhalazo zisenziwa, abemi mabafumane impendulo enovelwano kwaye entle.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ukuhlelwa kwemfuyo.txt</fn>
Xa uceba ukuthengisa imfuyo yakho zibuze lombuzo ulandelayo: Kutheni ndifuna ukuyithengisa imfuyo yam ngeli xesha?
Izilwanyana sele zikulungele ukuthengiswa kwaye zityetyiswe ngokwaneleyo ukuba zixhelwe.
Zikwiminyaka echanekileyo ukuba zithengwe ngumendle ukuzityebisa ukuze zixhelwe.
Iimpawu zokuhlela zimiselwa ngokweminyaka, ukutyeba, ukwakhiwa, umonakalo kunye nesini. Unokulindela kuphela ixabiso elihle kwisilwanyane esikwimeko entle yempilo, okukhethekayo phakathi kwamahlelo A no-B, ingabhityi kakhulu okanye ityebe kakhulu kwaye ithenwe (iinkatyana zenkomo ezifuyelwe inyama).
Ukwakhiwa yindlela umzimba isilwanyana esixheliweyo ojongeka ngaso kunye nolinganiselo phakathi kwenyama nethambo. Imeko yokunikwa kwamanqaku yenziwa ngokuthelekelela ukutyeba kwemfuyo.
Ukutyeba kwenyama yenkomo, yetakane, yegusha neyebhokhwe ihlelwa ngokweekhowudi eziqala kwi-0 ukuya kwisi-6.
Ukuhlelwa kumiselwa ngokujonga amazinyo.
Yiva ubungakanani bamafutha phantsi kwesikhumba kunye nomlenze kummandla ophakathi kwenyonga nobambo lokugqibela.
Ukuhlela: Ukuthelekelela iminyaka yenkomo ngokujonga amazinyo ayo.
uHlelo C: amazinyo agugileyo nawophukileyo esilwanyana esidala.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ulawulo lolwazi (2000).txt</fn>
Yintoni uLawulo loLwazi?
Loluphi uncedo olungundoqo loLawulo loLwazi?
Abasebenzi abanolwazi benyusa ukukhula ngokobuqu kunye nenkuthazo.
Ngokwenza oko kusenyusa uqoqosho, kusehlisa ubuhlwempu kwaye kusenyusa ingqesho.
Ingaba uLawulo loLwazi yinto enokulungiswa ngokukhawuleza?
ULawulo loLwazi iya kuba yinto eqhubekayo kwaye asiyiyo into enokulungiswa ngokukhawuleza. Kwilizwe lonke. Amanyathelo okuqala ayamkelwa kwaye akusekho kukhetha. ULawulo loLwazi yindlela yekamva.
Lunxulumana njani uLawulo loLwazi kwiXesha loLwazi?
Ikompyutha yobuqu, i-Internet kunye nokuqhubela phambili okukhawulezayo kwetheknoloji ngoku okwenzekayo kwilizwe lonke ingakumbi eMelika, kukhokelele kwinto ekuthiwa rhoqo xa ibizwa liXesha loLwazi (Information Age) kodwa ngokunyukayo ebonwa ngathi linyathelo lotshintsho elibhekisele kwiXesha loLwazi. Njengoko uluntu lusuka kwiXesha lamaShishini (Industrial Age) lisiya kuloo nto kuthiwa liXesha loLwazi, kumgangatho we-macro, uLawulo loLwazi luphuhle lwaya kuma kumgangatho we-macro ukwenzela ukuphatha utshintsho.
Ingaba uLawulo loLwazi lutsha?
Imithetho-siseko yoLawulo loLwazi ayikho ntsha, njengoko kubonisiwe lulwazi oluphuhliswe kwangoko ngumntu (ukusetyenziswa komlilo, isinyithi kunye nobhedu, umzekelo) ludluliswa ukusuka kwesinye isizukulwana lusiya kwesinye isizukulwana kwaye luyanaba. Indlela emisiweyo yokuphathwa kolwazi njengesibonelelo ngummandla omtsha kwaye osaphuhlayo, nangona, njengeziphumo zotshintsho lwarhoqo kulwazi kunye nakwiitheknoloji zoqhagamshelwano ngokunjalo nokuxatyiswa okukhulayo kwexabiso lolwazi njengesibonelelo sobuchule esincedayo.
ULWAZI sisibonelelo okungenani esixabiseke njengesibonelelo semveli umhlaba, umsebenzi okanye inkunzi. Ukulawula imfuno, ukunika kunye nokuhamba kolwazi iya isiba yeyona nto yobuchule ilungileyo yemibutho, kwaye inokuphunyezwa ngokusebenzayo usebenzisa uLawulo loLwazi.
Nangona i-information technology (IT) ingumncedi woLawulo loLwazi, i-IT yindlela yokufundisa enye phezu kwezingama-60 equkwe luLawulo loLwazi, kuqukwa neZibonelelo zabaSebenzi, uLwazi ngomntu njengesidalwa kunye neNzululwazi ngengqondo. ULawulo loLwazi lumalunga nabantu kunye nenkcubeko njengoko lumalunga ne-IT.
Ingaba uLawulo loLwazi yitheknoloji okanye kukusetyenziswa?
ULawulo loLwazi ayiyotheknoloji nje okanye kukusetyenziswa nje, kodwa yinkqubo kunye neseti yeetheknoloji zonke ezixhasa ubuchule bokwabelana ngenkumbulo yeziko ukuvumela ukungena kwezinto ezintsha.
ULawulo loLwazi lunxulumana kanjani nabantu?
i-KM imalunga nabantu becinga ngokuba bangazilawula kanjani na bona, njengoko kuchasene nenkqubo yolawulo yoozilwakhe.
Ukutshintsha indlela izinto ezazisenziwa ngayo ngaphambili, kufuna utshintsho engqondweni okanye inkcubeko yokusebenza kuleyo esekelwe ekuthembeleni kunye nasekuthembeni.
Ukwabelana ngolwazi kuyakwenza ukuba isitafu kumbutho sisebenzise ulwazi olukhoyo kunokusebenzisa oludala, kusandiswa ulwazi.
Oku kuyakwenyusa ukusetyenziswa okwaneleyo kwexesha, njengokuvelisa, kunye nokungeniswa kwezinto ezintsha, ezikukuveliswa kolwazi olutsha.
Ingaba uLawulo loLwazi lunxulumana kanjani nobuchule bombutho?
Enye imbonakalo ephakathi ye-KM kukubaluleka kokudibanisa ngokusondeleleneyo kobuchule boLawulo loLwazi kunye nobuchule beshishini lombutho obuvumela ukuba umbutho uphuhlise ukhuphiswano olunokubakhona kwaye oku kuphume.
I-data ibonisa okuqwalaselweyo okanye iinyani ezingekho mxholweni, ezingenayo intsingiselo ngqo. Iziphumo zolwazi zokubekwa kumxholo onentsingiselo, kaninzi ngokohlobo lomyalezo. ULwazi yinto esinokuyikholelwa kwaye siyixabise ngokusekwe kulwazi olunentsingiselo oluqokelelweyo lwaza lwanyuswa (imiyalezo) ngamava, uqhagamshelwano okanye uphazamiso. ULwazi lunokubonwa njengento yokugcinwa kwaye okanye yokwenziwa ngobuchule kunye nanjengenkqubo yokwazi kunye nokwenza ngaxesha nye - oko kukuthi, faka ubuchule.
Yintoni uBango loLwazi?
UBango loLwazi yiseti yemithetho ekukholelwa ukuba iyinyani okungenani kumntu omnye, ngokohlobo lomyalezo onolwazi olwaneleyo olwenzelwe omnye umntu ukuba aluqonde kwaye asebenze ngalo. Enye indlela esetyenziswayo kumele ukuba isetyenziswe ukwenza ukuba ibango lolwazi lube semthethweni phambi kokuba lwamkelwe njengolwazi.
Ingaba ubulunga bolwazi bungalinganiswa?
Ewe, ngokuba nako kwabo ukunceda umbutho okanye umntu oyedwa ukuba aphumeze iinjongo zakhe ngokusebenzayo.
I-portal yoLawulo loLwazi isekiwe ukuze inike umjelo woqhagamshelwano wentsebenziswano. Oku kuyakusebenza njengesibonelelo soLawulo loLwazi, inikwe ulwazi malunga noLawulo loLwazi kwaye isebenze njengomjelo kuwe ukuba ufake isandla kwingxoxo yoLawulo loLwazi eMzantsi Afrika.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ulawulo lwesikolo (2003).txt</fn>
Zonke iinzame zenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba le ncwadi ibe yechanekileyo. Ngokweenjongo zasemthethweni khhangela kumThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika we-1996 (No. 84 ka-1996) kunye nakuMthetho wezZilungiso zoMthetho weMfundo, we-1999 nakwimimiselo nezilungiso kwimimiselo ngokunxulumene namaqela alawulayo kwizikolo zikawonke-wonke ngokuphathelele kumThetho weMfundo wasemNtla Koloni.
Ngubani ekufuneka eyisebenzisile le ncwadi?
Ngubani olungiselela unyulo?
Yintoni imisebenzi yomPhathi woNyulo?
Ngubani onelungelo lokuvota?
Zingaphi izihlalo ekufuneka zabiwe?
Ingaba kufuneka unyulo lulungiselelwe njani?
Kufuneka lwenziwe kangaphi uNyulo lweQela eliLawula isiKolo?
Ahlangana nini okokuqala amaqela olawulo amatsha anyuliweyo?
Yintoni iqela elilawulayo?
Enza ntoni amaqela alawulayo?
Ngubani ongaba ngumlawuli wesikolo?
Lide kangakanani ixesha ubani elilungu leqela elilawulayo?
Ngubani oba kwiqela elilawula isikolo?
Bugqitywa njani ubukhulu beqela elilawulayo?
Yintoni imisebenzi neemfanelo zeqela elilawula isikolo?
Ingaba ikhona eminye imisebenzi eyimfanelo yeqela elilawulayo?
Kungxamiseke kangakanani ukuba iqela elilawulayo lingaqalisa ukusebenza?
Iqela elilawulayo lisebenza njani kude libe lonyulwe ngokufanelekileyo?
Amaqela alawulayo azenza njani izigqibo?
Zeziphi izithuba ekufuneka zigcwaliswe kwiqela elilawulayo?
Kufuneka banyulwe nini abaphathi be-ofisi?
Lixesha elingakanani ubani ekwi-ofisi yeqela elilawulayo?
Yintoni imisebenzi wabo banezikhundla kwi-ofisi yeqela elilawula isikolo?
Zeziphi iikomiti ekufuneka zenziwe liqela elilawulayo?
Ithini inkqubo yokonyula abalawuli besikolo?
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ukumiswa kuvaliwe?
Kwenzeka ntoni kwintlanganiso yonyulo?
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyulo?
Lo nyaka wasiza elinye ithuba labantu bephondo lethu nesizwe ukuqinisa ulawulwa lwezikolo ngentando yesininzi. Ukuqalela kukhetho lokuqala lweQela aLawula iziKolo ngowe-1997siqalise ukubona imbonakalo yolawulo ngentando yesininzi egubungele zonke iingqiqo zezixokelelwano zezikolo zethu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku zonke izikolo zethu zinamaQela okuLawulo lwesiKolo ezilawulwa ngentando yesininzi nabantu abanomdla abaxhasa inkqubela-phambili basebenza nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuba izikolo zethu ziba ngamaziko anentsingiselo kubomi boluntu.
Ulawulo ngentando yesininzi kwezikolo kwenza ukuba abantu babe ngabenzeli bempumelelo yezikolo zethu. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwakho kusikhuthazile kwimizamo yethu. Iimpawu zesikolo njengeziko lokuphuhlisa uluntu kukwenza iNkqubo yokuKhuseleko yokuTya kwesiKolo - eyinxalenye yothungelwano lokhuseleko lwentlalo olubanzi lukarhulumente. Izikolo zingamaziko oyilo lukarhulumente okuphelisa ubuhlwempu ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho namnye umfundi ofunda elambile kungekho nto esiswini. Njengoko sisebenza singadinwa kukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wokwenziwayo kwisixokelelwano sethu semfundo kungenxa yamaQela alawula ziKolo ezenze ukuba iNkqubo yokuKhuseleko yokuTya kwesiKolo - ibe iqaliseile. Abazali , abafundisi-ntsapho kunye anbantwana babe ngababini basei siqalo sibalulekileyo ukunika ukhuseloko lokutya kubantu ngokuzibandakanya kiigadi zokutya zezikolo.
Inkqubo yethi yokufakele iikhompyutha kuzo zonke izikolo zethu sesinye senyathelo elakhayo kuphuhliso lwezikolo njengamaziko obomi boluntyu kwaye sijonge kwakho ukuba amaqela alawula iziKolo enze olu qaliso lube yimpumelelo.
Ndinelungelo elilodwa lokongamela nokugqina inguqulelo yemfundo emNtla Koloni kwaye ndikugqinile ukuthabatha inxaxheba kolowulo lwentando yesininzi ezikolweni zethu, enye yezi ziphumo kukusekwa kwamaQela okuLawulwa kweziKolo ngentando yesininzi nangokuzimela. Oku kunqunisekisa ukuba abantu bethu baya kuthatha inxaxheba kunyulo oluzayo ngoJuni ngowe-2003 ekuvoteleni amaQela alawula iziKolo aya kuhlonipha amalungelo abantwana nawabazli njengabathathi nxaxheba kwisixokelelwano setghu sesikolo. Kwinyaka ezayo ndithemba ukuba ndakubona uhlanganiso olululo lwezikolo zethu ngokudibeneyo ngokwebala! Ukuthatha inxaxheba yakho njengomzali okhtheleyo okanye umfundi kubalulekile kwaye kunzulu kulawulo lwesikolo ngokwentando yesininzi.
Unyulo kweQela aLawula isiKolo lusinika kwakho ithuba njengoluntu ukuba sithi sinelunda ngezikolo zethu kwaye asisayi kuvuma ukuba zibe zizigqubu zezihange nezikrelemqa abao bambalwa bazimisele ukuzenza!. Kufuneka kwakho sixhase imfundo efuna ukuqinisa indawo yomntwana oyintombaza kuluntu. Ngokucacileyo iiNkceazelo zeKharityhulamu yeSizwe eHlaziyiweyo ithetha ngokuxabiseka endibuvakalise kwesi singeniso kwaye bunentsingiselo kwikharityhulamu yesikolo zoMzantsi Afrika.
Ukhetho lweQela aLawula isiKolo limele undonqo wemfanelo yoluntu nabantu abasebenza ngokuhlangeneyo ukufumana imigangatho ephezulu yokuphumelela nokuphuhlisa abantu. Votela iQela aLawula isiKolo uze ube ngumenzeli wengquko kunye nokuqinisa idemokrasi!
Ukuphumelelisa idemokrasi eMzantsi Afrika sibhekiselele kwimbali yesixokelelwano semfundo yamandulo eyayisekwe kukungalingani ngokobuhlanga nangokwahlukwaniswa.
Sidinga isixokelelwano esitsha sesizwe ezikolweni zethu esinika umgangatho ophezulu wemfundo kwaye oseka isiseko sokuphuhlisa zonke iziphiwo nobuchule babantu.
khusela kwaye iphuhlise iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo neelwimi.
Sidinga isixokelelwano esitsha sesizwe ezikolweni zethu esixhasa amalungelo abafundi bonke, awabazali nawabafundisi-ntsapho kwaye aya kukhuthaza ulwamkelo lwemfanelo yokulungiselela, yokulawula nokuxhasa ngemali izikolo kulwahlulewano noRhulumente.
Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba simisele imimiselo nemigangatho yemfundo aybafundi abasesikolweni kwaye simisele imimiselo nemigangatho yokulungiselela, yokulawula nokuxhasa ngemali izikolo . Le mimiselo nemgangatho isebenza kuzo zonke izikolo kwiRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika.
UMthetho eziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika unika isixokelelwano esifanayo sokulungiselela, sokulawula nesokuxhasa ngemali izikolo*.
UmThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika unika amagunya athile neemfanelo amaqela alawulayo. Imbali yocalucululo ende yoMzantsi Afrika nocalulo ibe neziphumo zokungalingani ezikolweni nezixokelelwano zemfundo ezicalulayo. UMgaqo-siSeko woMzantsi Afrika wamkela ukuba wonke ubani unelungelo kwimfundo esisiseko. Urhulumente ungaphumeza imithetho emitsha ukuqinisekisa eli lungelo lisisiseko kwimfundo nokuyila imeko yokuguqula imfundo. Ukuphumelelisa umthetho nokwenza umgaqo omtsha azisayi kuyiguqula imfundo ngokwazo.
Ukuzalisekiswa nokusebenzisa le mithetho mitsha kuphumelelise ukunyusa umgangatho wemfundo. Abazali, abafundi, ootitshala namalungu oluntu lwesikolo babe yinxalenye ekuguquleni imfundo ezikolweni zabo kwaye banendima ebalulekileyo abayidlalayo.
UmThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika ufuna ukuba esinye nesinye isikolo sikawonke-wonke siseke iqela aLawula elimele uluntu lwesikolo. UMthetho umisela amagunya nemisebenzi yamaqela alawulayo.
Le ncwadi yokuqeqesha icacisa iinkqubo zokonyula amalungu amaqela alawula isikolo kwizikolo zikawonke-wonke.
Isekelwe kwimimiselo yasemNtla Koloni enxulumene namaqela alawula izikolo zikawonke-wonke kumThetho weMfundo weziKolo (No 6 we-1996) okwabizwa ngokuba yiMimiselo yokuLawula enxulumene neziKolo zikawonke-wonke kwaye kumThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika we-1996 nomThetho wesiLungiso semiThetho yeMfundo, we-1999.
Ayiqulathanga zonke iingqiqo zomThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika ibhekiselele kuphela kwizibonelelo zalo mThetho enxulumene nokonyulwa kwamaqela alawula isikolo kwizikolo zikawonke-wonke.
Ngubani ekufuneka eyisebenzisile le ncwadi?
Le ncwadi yokuqeqesha yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngabaPhathi boNyulo abonyulwe liSebe leMfundo lasemNtla Koloni kunye nabanye ababandakanyeka ekulungiseleni unyulo lwamaqela alawula izikolo.
AbaPhathi boNyulo banoxanduva lokulungiselela nokwenza unyulo lwamalungu eqela aLawula isikolo kwizikolo zabo ezalathiweyo.
Phambi kokuba ulungelelanise kwaye ubambe unyulo lwamalungu amaqela alawula izikolo kubalulekile ukuba uyiqonde kakuhle le ncwadi kwaye ube nakho ukusebenzisa imimiselo elawula ukusekwa kwamaqela alawula isikolo. Oku kumiselwe kwiCandelo lokuQala nakwiCandelo lesiBini.
Xa uluqhelile ulwazi uya kuba nakho ukusebenzisa izikhokelo zokwenza ezimiselwe kwiCandelo lesiThathu ukulungiselela nokubamba unyulo kwisikolo sakho esalathiweyo ngokuthabathekisayo nangempumelelo.
Ngumsebenzi wabaPhathi boNyulo ukutsalela ingqalelo yabavoti kwizibonelelo zomThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika nakwizibonelelo nezilungiso zomThetho weMfundo weziKolo zasemNtla Koloni, we-1996. UmPhathi woNyulo unoxanduva lwemfundo yovoto- kufuneka axelele abafundi, abafundisi-ntsapho abangengabo abaqeqeshi nabazali ngokuba kutheni kuvotelwa amaqela alawula isikolo kwaye iya kuba yintoni imisebenzi yabalawuli besikolo ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezifundisayo zokonyula.
Le ncwadi imisela ulwazi olubalulekileyo olufuneka lwaziwe luluntu lwesikolo.
Ngubani olungiselela unyulo?
UmPhathi woNyulo wePhondo owonyulwe yiHOD ulungelanisa imisebenzi yonyulo kwisithili ngasinye kwezine zePhondo lomNtla Koloni.
UmPhathi woNyulo weSithili wonyula umPhathi woNyulo/ abaPhathi boNyulo besikolo ngasinye (r13). UmPhathi woNyulo angonyula igosa lesebe , umzali okanye umfundisi-ntsapho. UmPhathi woNyulo akanakonyulwa njengelungu leqela lokulawul;a isikolo apho angumPhthi wonyulo khona (r13).
Umphathi wesithili uya kuxelela izikolo amagama abaPhathi boNyulo abanoxanduva lokulungiselela nokubamba unyulo.
Yintoni imisebenzi yomPhathi woNyulo?
Umsebenzi womPhathi woNyulo kuNyulo lwamaQela aLawula isiKolo kukuqinisekisa iQela okuLawula isiKolo anyulwe ngokwedemokrasi. Ukwenza oku kufuneka umPhathi woNyulo alandele imigaqo ecaciswe kwimimiselo kwaye emiselwe kule ncwadi yokuqeqesha kwaye ayazi injongo, umsebenzi nobulungu bamaqela alawula isikolo.
Ngubani onelungelo lokuvota?
UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba imithetho elawula ukumiswa nokonyulwa kwamalungu oluntu ngalunye olumelweyo alandelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Amalungu anyuliweyo aqulathe iintlobo ezine zabameli. UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka alungiselele kwaye abambe iinyulo ezine ezahlukeneyo lwelungu okanye ummeli wohlobo ngalunye kwamane. UmPhathi woNyulo kunye nomPhathi onguMxulumanisi woTitshala banoxanduva lokuqinisekisa unyulo lweSGB olunedemokrasi. Imithetho yokuziPhatha ikhokela ukuziphatha kwabo.
Zingaphi izihlalo ekufuneka zabiwe?
UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka asebenzise iFomu B 1 ekwiphepha lama-45 ukubala iindawo zohlobo ngalunye lwamalungu anyuliweyo ekufuneka ekwiqela lokulawula.
Inani lendawo lixhomekeke ukuba bangaphi abafundi ababhalise esikolweni nokukuba isikolo sinabo abafundi beBanga lesi-8 nangaphezulu.
Ingaba kufuneka unyulo lulungiselelwe njani?
UmPhathi woNyulo uya kuba noxanduva lwenkqubo yokonyula abalawuli besikolo ngokwemimiselo. Baya kulungiselela kwaye babambe iintalnganiso zokumiswa nezokonyulwa kokdidi ngalunye lwabavoti kuxhomekeke ekubeni bakhona abafundi beBanga lesi-8 okanye ngaphezulu. UmPhathi onguMxulumanisi woTitshala uya kulungiselela kwaye abambe iintlanganiso zokumiswa nokonyulwa zokusekwa kweBhunga eliMele abaFundi phambi kokuba abafundi banyulwe kqiela elilwaula isikolo.
Kufuneka lwenziwe kangaphi uNyulo lweQela eliLawula isiKolo?
Ixesha le-ofisi lamalungu eqela elilawulayo alinakuba ngaphezulu kweminyaka emithathu ngaphandle kwamalungu abafundi abanokuhlala unyaka omnye kuphela.
Unyulo jikelele labalawuli besikolo kufuneka ngoko lubanjwe qho kwiminyaka emithathu. Unyulo lwezithuba ezingalindelekanga lungabanjwa njengoko kuyimfuneko kulandelwa iinkqubo zokumiswa nokonyulwa (jonga kwiphepha le-13). Ilungu leBhunga eliLawulayo lazise ixehsa lonyulo phakathi kukaMeyi noJuni. AbaPhathi boNyulo kufuneka babe noxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yonyulo iyagqityezelwa ngomhla owaziswe yiMEC.
Jonga kwiCandelo 3 Izikhokelo ezisebenzayo zokubamba unyulo.
Ahlangana nini okokuqala amaqela olawulo amatsha anyuliweyo?
Yintoni iqela lokulawula?
Iqela lolawulo liqela labantu elonyulwe ngokwasemthethweni ukuba lilawule isikolo. Abalawuli besikolo bamele uluntu lwesikolo. Umsebenzi wabo jikelele kukuncedisa iNqununu yesikolo ekulungiseleleni nasekulawuleni imisebenzi yesikolo ngokuthabathekisayo nangobuchule egameni loluntu lwesikolo nakukukhathalela ukulunga kwabafundi abasesikolweni.
Iqela elilawulayo lilindeleke ukuba lenze yonke imisebenzi lisenzela inzuzo yesikolo.
Bonke abalawuli besikolo kufuneka bayazi imisebenzi yabo kwaye bazi indlela le misebenzi enxulumene ngayo kwinqununu.
Xa abazali, abafundi, ootitshala kunye nesitafu esingafundisiyo esikolweni besazi indlela abalawuli besikolo abaya kusebenza ngayo baya kuba negalelo kukusebenza nakwintsingiselo yamaqela alawula isikolo.
Yintoni injongo yeqela elilawula isikolo?
Yintoni imisebenzi neemfanelo zeqela elilawula isikolo?
Iqela elilawulayo lisebenza njani?
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka liqinisekisa ukuba isikolo silawulwa kwimidla yabafundi. Ikwimeko yokuthenjwa ngokuphathelele kwisikolo. Abalawuli kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha babeke imidla yesikolo kuqala phambi kwenzuzo yabo.
Iqela elilawulayo alibandakanywa ekulawulweni kwesikolo imihla ngamihla- lowo ngumsebenzi wenqununu kunye nootitshala.
Umgaqo wesikolo: iiyure zesikolo, umgaqo wolwimi, umgaqo wezenkolo, imithetho yokunxiba, imithetho yokuziphatha, iinjongo zesikolo, nomgaqo wokulawula isikolo.
Ukuphuhlisa isikolo:inkqubo yophuhliso, ukufumana abancedisi abazithandelayo xa befuneka, ulwahlulelwano noluntu, intsebenziswano nezinye izikolo.
Ukulawulwa kwesikolo: ukujonga izakhiwo zesikolo, amabala esikolo, ezinye iimpahla, ukugqiba ukuba ezinye ziza kusetyenziswa nini, ukuqashwa kwesitafu, intlanganiso jikelele yonyaka yabazali, iingxelo kuluntu lwesikolo.
Ukukhupha imali yesikolo: ukwanyusa ingxowa yesikolo, ukuvula I-akhawunti yebhanki, ukujonga ingeniso nenkcitho yesikolo.
Iqela elilawulayo lingcela igunya lokuphucula impahlayesikolo, ligqibe ngokhetho lwezifundo, nekharityhulamu engaphandle kwezifundo, lithenge iincwadi, nezixhobo zemfundo lize libuze kwaye lisebenze ngezikhalazo malunga nesitafu nabafundi esikolweni.
Ngubani ungangumlawuli wesikolo?
Kuyazenzekela ukuba inqununu yesikolo soloko ililungu leqela elawula isikolo.
Umzali okanye umondli womfundi obhalise ngokusesikweni esikolweni kwaye ongaqashwanga esikolweni angaba ngumzali olilungu leqela elilawula isikolo.
Umntu odlala indima yomzali okanye umgcini ngokuphathelele kwimfundo yomfundi esikolweni.
Utitshala oqashwe esikolweni , ingeyiyo inqununu angalilungu leqela elilawulayo kodwa ingabi ngabo ootitshla abaqashelwe kuphelaukwenza imisebenzi engaphandle kokufundisa. (IsiLungiso sesiQendu 1 somThetho wama-84 ngokulungiswa sisiQendu 1 somThetho we-100 we-1997).
Umfundi othe ngonyaka wonyulo wabe ubhalise kumgangatho ongaphantsi kwibanga lesibhozo ungaba lilungu leqela elilawulayo.
Amalungu abafundi kufuneka ingamalungu ekomiti elawulayo yeBhunga eliMele abaFundi.
c Elinye ilungu lekomiti elawulayo leRCL elimiswe yikomiti elawulayo kwaye kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwisini.
a Akanakuvumelana ithetha ukuba ukubandakanya abantu ngenxa yesikolo b Akanakuvotela izindululo zeqela elilawulayo elinyakathisa iimfanelo kumaqela esithathu okanye isikolo ukubandakanyeka kwizivumelwano zasemthethweni.
Nabani oqeshwe njengelungu lesitafu esikolweni ongeyiyo ititshala angalilungu leqela eliawulayo.
Amalunga oluntu ukuya kwisithathu angamkelwa njengamalungu ngabalawulo besikolo esiqhelekileyo. Abanamalungelo okuviota kwiqela elilawulayo.
Lenziwa njani iBhunga elimele abaFundi?
Ukuba isikolo sinika imfundo kubafundi abanezidingo ezithile, ukuba kunokwenzeka omnye wabaphathi owamkelwe njengelungu kufuneka abe nobuchule kulo mmandla.
Ukuba isikolo sikawonke-wonke sime kumhlaba wabucala omnye wabamkelwe njangamalungu kufuneka ibe ngumnikazi okanye omiswe ukumela umnikazi. Ukuba bangaphezulu kwesinye abanikazi, kufuneka abanikazi bamise omnye weqela labo okanye ummeli oza kuba liqela lokulawula ukuba wamkelwe njengelungu.
Ingaba zikhona ezinye izizathu ezinokunqanda ubani ekubeni abe ngumlawuli wesikolo?
Ewe. Ubani akanakubakho kwiqela elilawula isikolo xa ethe wafunyaniswa ngoogqirha ukuba akaphilanga kakuhle ngokwasengqondweni okanye ukuba ukhululwe ngesithembiso sokungabaleki okanye kuxhonywe isigwebo senkundla yamatyala. Ubani akanakubakho kwiqela elilawulayo ukuba kufunyaniswe ukuba utshonile okanye akanakho ukubhatala amatyala wakhe ngenkundla enobuchule.
AbaPhathi boNyulo abavumelekanga ukuba babe ngabaphathi besikolo kwesio sikolo basebenza njengabathi bonyulo kuso.
Ingaba kukho izizathu apho umphathi engenakuvunyelwa ukuba aqhubeke nokusebenzela iqela elilawulayo?
Ewe. Ukuba umphathi wesikolo akakho kwiintlanganiso ezilandelelanayo zide zibe ngaphezulu kwesithathu (3) ngaphandle kokunika izizathu uyakhutshwa (r9).
Njengokuba umphathi wesikolo esiya kukhutshwa ukuba ngexesha esebenza njengomphathi akasayithobeli imithetho emisiweyo. Ilungu elingumzali elalifanelekile ngelo xesha lonyulo lweqela elilawulayo uya kuyeka ukuba lilungu ukuba umntwana wakhe akasabhalisanga ngokwasemthethweni esikolweni ngexesha le-ofisi ewayenyulwe ngalo. Ubani akanakuqhubeka njengomphathi wesikolo ukuba akaphilanga kakuhle ngokwasengqondweni okanye ukhululwe ngesithembiso sokungabaleki okanye kuxhonywe isigwebo (r10).
Ingaba umphathi wesikolo angasuswa e-ofisini?
Ewe. Ukuba ukuziphatha komphathi wesikolo ngokunxulumene neqela elilawulayo kunokuba nomonakalo ekulungeni okungcono kwesikolo angasuswa yiNtloko yeSebe. INtloko yeSebe kufuneka inike umphathi wesikolo ithuba lokuxoxa ngemeko yakhe yokususwa kwaye umphathi wesikolo angabhena kwisigqibo sokususwa kwakhe ngokubhalela iMEC kwiintsuku ezingama-30. Ade uMEC athathe isigqibo ngokuphathelele kwisibheno umlawuli wesikolo akavumelekanga ukuba aqhubeke nobulungu bakhe kwiqela elilawulayo. UMEC kufuneka amxelele umphathi wesikolo ngesigqibo kwaye amnike izizathu ngokubhaliweyo.
Lixesha elingakanani ubani elilungu leqela elilawulayo?
Amalungu angabafundi ananyaka omnye kuphela kwiqela elilawulayo. Bonke abanye abaphathi baneminyaka emithathu (r7).
Ingaba ubani angaphinda anyulwe njengomphathi wesikolo emva kokuba eligqibile ixesha lakhe e-ofisini?
Ewe. Emva kokuba abaphathi befikelele kumlinganiselo wexesha bangaphinda bonyulwe r7. Akumiselwanga ukuba mangaphi amaxesha wokuba ubani angangumphathi wesikolo.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa kukho isithuba eivulekileyo kwiqela elilawulayo?
Ukuba isithuba sesesitafu esingafundisiyo utitshala okanye umfundi ugcwalisa eso sithuba ngokulandela inkqubo efanayo echazwe ngentla - oko kukuthi kwiintlanganiso zokumiswa nezonyulo. Naliphi ilungu elise-ofisini ngaphandle kwelungu elingumzali isithuba kufuneka sigcwaliswe kwiintsuku ezingama-21 sivulekile.
Ukuba isithuba seselungu elingumzali onyuliweyo iqela elilawulayo lingenza isigqibo sokwamkela umzali njengelungu okanye libambe unyulo. Abazali abamkelwe njengamalungu okugcwalisa isithuba selungu elonyuliweyo banamalungelo okuvota apheleleyo kodwa akufuneki ukuba benze ngaphezulu kwama-40% (2/5) yabameli babazali bebonke. Nbani owamkelwe njengelungu okanye owonyulelwe ukuvala isithuba sokulawula ohambe phambi kokuba kuphele ixesha le-ofisi (eliyiminyaka emithathu) uya kuba ngumlawuli ixesha eliseleyo lalo mntu athathe indawo yakhe. Emva koko ukuba usanqwenela ukuba abe lilungu leqela elilawulayo kufuneka alandele iinkqubo zonyulo eziqhelekileyo (r8).
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ngaba iqela elilawula isikolo alimiswanga ngokufanelekileyo?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukenyo apho iqela elilawulayo lisenokungamiswa ngokufanelekileyo r6. Umzekelo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba amalungu abazali awonelanga okanye amalungu ootitshala. Abantu bangarhoxa okanye basuswe ngoko iqela elilawulayo alisayi kuba nenani elifunwa ngummiselo.
Nokokuba sesiphi isizathu ukuba iqela elilawulayo alimiswanga ngokufanelekileyo uMec unokulivumela kude ibe zinyanga ezintandathu ukuba libe limiswe ngokufanelekileyo. Ngeli xesha iqela elilawulayo liyavunyelwa ukuba lenze imisebenzi kwaye lithathe izigqibo kwaye ezi zigqibo zisemthethweni ukuba iqela elilawulayo lalimiswe ngokupheleleyo.
Nangona kunjalo ukuba emva kweenyanga ezintandathu iqela elilawulayo alikamiswa ngokufanelekileyo akukho zezo zalo elizenzayo eziya kuthathwa njengezisemthethweni r6. UMEC angagqiba ukulidibanisa iqela elilawulayo nelinye lesinye isikolo r5.
Ingaba amalungu eqela elilawulayo ayabhatalwa ngomsebenzi wabo?
Hayi. Amalungu eqela elilawulayo asebenza ngokuzithandela nangona ukuba inkcitho ekhoyo ibangelwe ngumsebenzi abawenzileyo isikolo kufuneka sibhatele.
Ingaba amalungu eqela elilawulayo anemfanelo kumatyala esikolo?
Hayi- ngaphandle kokuba benza nasiphi isigqibo okanye izenzo ngokwemithetho kwaye bakwenze oko ngaphandle kwenjongo yolunya.
Ilungu elingumzali lingamkelwa njengelungu kangangeentsuku ezingama-90 ngexesha unyulo lwelungu lwenziwe phakathi kwexesha lolawulo ukubamba isithuba kwiqela labalawuli.
Ukuba kunokwenzeka nakweliphi inqanaba amalungu abazali awakho ngaphezulu kwinani lamanye amalungu edibene anamalungelo okuvota iqela elilawulayo kufuneka lamkele abazali njengamalunguanagesosigxina. Abo bazali kufuneka babe namalungelo lokuvota.inani labazali elamkelwe njengamalungu alifunekanga lidlule kuma-40% yabazali abangamalungu kwiqela elilawulayo. Iindawo kufuneka zigcwaliswe ngonyulo kwiintsuku ezingama-90.
Ngubani oba kwiqela elilawula isikolo?
Kuzo zonke izikolo inqununu iba kwiqela elilawula isikolo. Inani labazali elingabalawuli lilonke kufuneka libe ngaphezulu kwenani labanye abalawuli abanamalungelo okuvota r4.
Umzekelo iqela elilawulayo elinamalungu ali-13 amalungu angabazali kufuneka babe ngamalungu asi-7.
Linye inani lesitafu elingafundisiyo kuwo onke amaqela alawula isikolo.
Ukuba isikolo asinaso isitafu esingafundisiyo (kwaye asikwazi konyula ilungu lesitafu esingafundisiyo njengomlawuli) inani labazali abalawulayo kufuneka lesihliswe ngesinye (into ethetha ukuba inani labalawuli lesikolo lilonke kufuneka lehliswe ngesi-2).
Izikolo zamabanga aphantsi azinawo amalungu abafundi kumaqela azo alawulayo.
Inqununu yesikolo enesihlalo esizenzekelayo kwiqela elilawulayo.
Amalungu eqela elilawulayo anokuthi amkelwe njengamalungu ekuhambeni kwexesha kodwa awasayi kuba namalungelo okuvota.
Amalungu abazali kufuneka ngalo lonke ixesha ogqithe inani lamanye amalungu edibene aneevoti, ayulwe sisikolo ukuquka nenqununu.
Lo mzobo ubonisa amalungu eqela eliawulayo kwisikolo esiphakamileyo esinabafundi abangaphantsi.
Amalungu asi-7 abazali amalungu ama-2 abafundi abangamalungui alawulayo kwiBhunga eliMele abaFundi.
Ingaba ubukhulu beqela elilawulayo ligqitywa njani?
Inani lamalungu labazali , lamalungu angootitsdhala, amalungu asisitafu angafundisiyo namalungu abafundi abaya kuba kwiqela elilawulayo xhomekeke kubukhulu benani labafundi ababhalise esikolweni nokokuba kukumabanga aphantsi , kumabanga aphakamileyo okanye ksikolo esibanzi esihlangeneyo. Oku kumiselwe kwisihlomelo 1 (apha ngezantsi) kwimimiselo yephondo nakuFomu B1 kule ncwadi (iphepha 45).
Amalungu ama-6 kufuneka ekhethelwe iqela elilawula isikolo.
Amalungu ali-10 kufuneka ekhethelwe kwiqela elilawulayo.
Amalungu ali-12 kufuneka ekhethelwe iqela elilawula isikolo.
Amalungu ali-12 kufuneka ekhethelwe iqela elilawula isikolo.
Ilungu leBhunga eliLawulayo lingagqiba ukuba izikolo ezibini okanye ezingaphezulu zinganeqela elinye eliawulayo. Oku kuya kwaziswa ngesaziso kwiGazette yePhondo kwaye liya kunika amaqela anomdla itthuba lokuba abhale phantsi impendulo yawo kwiintsuku ezingekho ngaphantsi kwama-30.
Amaqela alawulayo ezi zikolo aya kubalwa kwimeko yesikolo esinye - oko kukuthi baya kudityaniswa bonke abafundi , ootitshala kunye nesitafu esingafundisiyo.
IQela eliLawulayo liya kuthathwa njengelimiselwe ngokungafanelekanga ukuba olunye lwezi ndidi alimelwanga ngokufanelekileyo.
Ingaba iBhunga elimele abaFundi lenza ntoni?
Isikolo ngasinye esibhalise abafundi bebanga lesibhozo nangaphezulu kufuneka sineBhunga eliMele abaFundi. UMEC umisele izikhokelo nobuncinane beemfuno zale mibutho. Oku kumiselwe apha.
IiRCL zisekelwe 'ukulungisa izidingo zabafundi bonke abasesikolweni'. Kufuneka zakhe umanyano phakathi kwabafundi kwaye zigcine abafundi benolwazi ngeziganeko ezisesikolweni nakuluntu lwesikolo. Omnye womsebenzi wawo omkhulu kukukhuthaza ulwalamano olululo esikolweni phakathi kwabafundi nootitshala kunye nesitafu esingafundisiyo. Kufuneka kwakho enze unxibelelwano kunye nezinye iiRCL kunye nemibutho yoluthsa ukuze kuzuze isikolo.
Iklasi nganye inyula ngamaphepha okunyula , umeli omnye oyindoda nomnye wesifazana ukuba abe kwiRCL (kwimeko yesikolo apho kukho isini esinye ummeli owonyulwayo uba mnye kwiklasi nganye). Ilungu ngalinye leklasi liba nevoti enye yomgqatswa.
Iveki enye phambi konyulo isaziso siya kuxhonywa eklasini. Kwintlanganiso yonyulo abagqatswa kufuneka bamiswe kwaye kuvunyelwane ngomlomo kwaye kuvunyelwane ukuba kumiswe. Abafundi baoyulelwa kwiRCL unyaka omnye.
Apho iRCL okanye umbutho ofana nayo njengeBhunga lokuMela abaFundi - SRC ikhoyo iya kuphela kwintlanganiso yokuqala yeRCL entsha.
IRCL kuya kufuneka yenze uMgaqo-siSeko wayo.
Ulwazi olubalulekileyo lonxibelelwano olufanelekileyo neRCL kunye ngamaqela anomdla (umzekelo inqununu).
Ukuba iRCL inqwenela ukuguqula uMgaqo-siSeko wayo ingakwenza oko ukuba ababhunga basisibini esithathwini emva kokuba onke amalungu echazelwe ngeenguqulelo ezicetywayo kangangenyanga. Ukuba amalungu eze entlanganisweni awanelanga kufuneka kubanjwe intlanganiso yesibini kwiiveki ezimbini, ngoko ke uMgaqo-siSeko ungaguqulwa sisibini esithathwini yabo bakhoyo kwintlanganiso yesibini. Ezi nguqulelo kufuneka zithunyelwe kwiNtloko yeSebe ukuqinisekisa ukuba zihambelana nomThetho weziKolo kwaye kude kufunyanwe isiqinisekiso kuye akukho nasinye isilungiso kuMgaqo-siSeko esiya kuthathwa njengokuba sisemthethweni.
Usihlalo nonobhala beRCL baba ngamalungu azenzekeleyo eSGB. Xa ilungu lesithathu lingasebenza kwiSGB naliphi ilungu leKomiti eLawulayo lingamiswa emva kokuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwisini (r10).
Ithini imisebenzi neemfanelo zeqela elilawula isikolo?
Iqela elilawulayo liya kwenza umgaqo-siseko walo nemiyalelo emisiweyo.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka limisele umgaqo wokwamkela wesikolo.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka limisele umgaqo wolwimi wesikolo.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka linike imithetho malunga nokokuba sesiphi isithethe senkolo ekufuneka sivunyelwe esikolweni.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka ligqibe ngemithetho yokunxiba yesikolo.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka livelise imithetho yokuziphatha kwabafundi.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka livelise imithetho yamalungelo neemfanelo zawo onke amacandelo esikolweni ngaphandle kweyeetitshala ezilawulwa yiSACE.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka ligqibe ngembono, ingxelo neenjongo zesikolo (Jonga ulwazi elisecaleni kwihepha lama-20).
Kubalulekile ukuba uziqhelise nala macandelo alandelayo achaza imisebenzi neemfanelo zeqela elilawulayo. La macandelo ahlulwe ngokweenkqubo, umgaqo wesikolo, ukuphuhlisa isikolo, ukulawula isikolo, ukukhupha imali yesikolo. Ayizizo zonke izihloko ezichazwe nzulu. Nangona kunjalo abagqatswa abamele unyulo kufuneka babe nengqiqo ecacileyo yokokuba iya kuba yintoni imisebenzi neemfanelo zabo. Ezi mfuno zipapashiwe kumThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka likhuthaze abazali, abafundi , ootitshala kunye nesitafu esingafundisiyo ukuba bancedise ngokunikezela ngokuzithandela iinkonzo zabo.
Iqela elilawulayo lingazinzisa iinkonzo nolwahlulelwano loluntu ngokunxulumene kwiinkqubo zentlalo, zempilo, zokuzonwabisa zokondla nezothutho, nayiphi enye into eqhubela phambili le njongo yomThetho.
Iqela elilawulayo lingadibana nombutho ozithandelayo omele amaqela alawulayo ezikolo.
Iqela elilawulayo lingaphuhlisa uyilo lophuhliso eliminyaka mi-3 lwesikolo ukuphucula iimeko zokufunda nokufundisa.
Inqununu, ootitshala nesinye isitafu esikolweni bangaxhasa ekwenzeni imisebenzi yabo yobuchule.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka liwalule iimpahla zesikolo kunye nezakhiwo kunye namabala esikolo (ukuquka nnomzi wabafundi ukuba ukhona). Kufuneka bavumelane ukuba iimpahla zezikolo zingasetyenziswa ukuba bacele kwiNtloko yeSebe kwinjongo leyo kufuneka zisetyenziselwe yona, okanye zisetyenziswe luluntu kwiinjongo zentlalo okanye ukonyusa ingxowa-mali. Ukujongwa okufanelekileyo kolo setyenziso luya kwenziwa kwaye imali iye esikolweni.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka lilungiselele iNtlanganiso yoNyaka yabazali esikolweni minyaka yonke. Le ntlanganiso kufuneka ibanjwe phakathi kukaJulayi noNovemba (r18). Inqununu yesikolo kufuneka ithumele ikopi yesaziso enika zonke iinkcukacha nge-AGM kumzali ngamnye okanye anike abafundi izaziso ukuba bazinike abazali.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka linike abafundi, ootitshala, nesinye isitafu ingxelo esikolweni kunye kanye ngonyaka.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka ligqibe ngamaxesha emini yesikolo. (la maxesha kufuneka ahambelane nengqesho yesitafu).
Kwenzeka ntoni kwiNtlanganiso yoNyaka yabazali?
Inqununu kunye nosihlalo banika ingxelo ebhaliweyo ehlangeneyo (eyahlukeneyo) ngesikolo kunyaka odlulileyo.
Ingxelo zemali ephicothiweyo kufuneka zikho.
Uqingqo-mali lonyaka omtsha kufuneka yazisiwe kwaye nayiphi imeko enxulumene nemali yesikolo ingaxoxwa. (isiQendu 38 (2) soMthetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika ka-1996).
Nawuphi na omnye umcimbi onxulumene nesikolo ungaxoxwa.
Jonga kwakho kulwazi olusebhokisini ngeeNtlanganiso Jikelele eziBalulekileyo kwiphepha lma-25.
Yintoni imisebenzi neemfanelo zamaqela alawulayo ngokunxulumene kukukhutshwa kwemali yesikolo?
Ukusetyenziswa kwemali a kwiinjongo zemfundo esikolweni okanye ngokuphathelele kwisikolo, b kwiinjongo zemfundo esikolweni okanye ngokuphathelele kwesinye isikolo ngemvumelwano neso sikolo neNtloko yeSebe, c ukwenza imisebenzo yeqela elilawulayo d kwezinye iinjongo zemfundo ekuvunyelwene ngazo liqela elilawulayo neNtloko yeSebe.
kufuneka bagcine iirekhodi zokwenyani zayo yonke imali nezinye izinto iimpahla ezifunyenweyo nezichithiweyo iv kufuneka bakhuphe ingxelo yemali ngokukhawuleza kodwa kungabi kho emva kweenyanga ezintanthu ekupheleni konyaka wemali kwaye baqinisekise ukuba ingxelo yemali iphicothwe ngokufanelekileyo. Kufuneka banike iNtloko yeSebe ikopi yengxelo yemali kwiinyanga ezintandathu ekupheleni konyaka wemali.
Umrhumo wesikolo ungaguqulwa kuphela emva kokuba uninzi wabazali kwiNtlanganiso Jikelele okanye kwiNtlanganiso Jikelele ebalulekileyo luvumelene nezindululo. Ezi zindululo zemali kufuneka ziquke neenkcukacha zokokuba uya kuba yimalini umrhumo wesikolo kwaye yeyiphi inqobo esemgangathweni yokunciphisa inxenye okanye yonke kubazali abangenakho ukuwubhatala.
Abazali abangahambisani nesi sigqibo seqela elilawulayo lokhululo kumrhumo wesikolo bangabhena kwiNtloko yeSebe. INtloko yeSebe kufuneka ibonise ukuba inkqubo elandelweyo ekwenzeni isigqibo malunga nesibheno ikhusela ilungelo labazali kunye neyeqela elilawulayo. Ukuba abazali abafanele ukubhatalela abantwan babo ababhatali bangasiwa enkundleni ukubanyanzela ukuba babhatale.
Ingaba ikho eminye imisebenzi ekufanele yenziwe liqela elilawulayo?
ukuphanda ngezikhalazo malunga nomfundi obhalise ngokusemthethweni esikolweni , babhekise izikhalazo kunye nokufunyanisiweyo kwiNtloko yeSebe nokwenza izindululo kwiNtloko yeSebe zokumisa iinkqubo zokuziphatha kakubi ngokunxulumene nomfundi obhalise ngokusesikweni esikolweni.
INtloko yeSebe ingasala isicelo seqela elilawulayo sokwenza imisebenzi engentla ukuba iqela elilawulayo alinamandla lokuyenza kwaye iNtloko yeSebe ingavuma phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo.
INtloko yeSebe mayenze isivumelwano ngokubhala.
Ukuba kukho oqonda ukuba isigqibo seNtloko yeSebe asinangqiqo angabhenela kwiLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo.
ILungu leBhunga eliLawulayo lingagqiba lingenza eminye yale misebenzi okanye yonke ngaphendle kokwenza isicelo ngokubhala kwiNtloko yeSebe.
Ukuba iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo lenze esi sigqibo kufuneka enze isaziso kwiGazette yePhondo edwelisa amaqela alawulayo kunye nemisebenzi ayinikiweyo.
INtloko yeSebe kufuneka ixelele iqela elilawulayo injongo yayo yokwenza oku ize ivumele iqela elilawulayo ukuba liphendule kwesi sigqibo kwiintsuku ezingama-30. Ukuba iNtloko yeSebe ibona ukuba umbandela lowo ufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokukhawuleza angasebenza ngaphandle kwesaziso ngaphendle kokuba iqela elilawulayo lixelelwe kwaye livunyelwe ukuphendula kwiintsuku ezingama-30.
Ukuba iqela elilawula isikolo sele likho phambi kokuba koknyulwe iqela lokulawula elitsha ixesha leqela elidala liyaphela ekupheleni kwemini phambi kwenkqubo yokonyula iqela elitsha lokulawula.
Iba nini intlanganiso yayo yokuqala?
Iqela elilawulayo elitsha liya kuba nentlanganiso yayo yokuqala phakathi kweentsuku ezili-14 nezingama-28 emva koknyulo lwalo (r6). Intlanganiso kufuneka ibizwe yinqununu.
INtloko yeSebe iya konyula umntu okanye abantu ukuba benze imisebenzi yeqela elilawulayo xa iqela elilawulayo elidala liyekile nangexesha apho iqela elitsha linentlanganiso yalo yokuqala (r6).
Iqela elilawulayo ngalinye kufuneka kwiinyanga ezintathu zokonyulwa kwalo zamkele umgaqo-sisekpo. UMgaqo-siSeko weqela elilawulayo kufuneka ukquke namalungiselelo entlanganiso yeqela elilawulayo, kube kanye ngexesha elimisiweyo lesikolo kwaye ubuncinane kabini ngaonyaka kunye nabazali, nabafundi, nootitshala kunye nesitafu sesikolo.
Ekuthetheni noNobhala uSihlalo umisela ixesha, umhla nendawo ekuza kubanjelwa kuyo intlanganiso. Amalungu kufuneka enikwe isaziso esibhaliweyo ubuncinane iintsuku ezili-14 phambi kwentlanganiso.
Ukuba ngaba uninzi lwamalungu eqela elilawulayo akho entlanganisweni intalnganiso ingaqhubeka kwaye izigqibo zayo zingathathwa njengezisemthethweni.
Ngokuphathelele kumThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika indlu yowiso-mthetho yasemNtla Koloni inoxanduva lokunika imali yokuphucula ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwamaqela alawula izikolo. Isebe leMfundo noQeqesho, ubuGgcisa neNkcubeko liseke inkqubo yoqeqesho ukunika isiqalo noqeqesho oluzingileyo lwamaqela alawula izikolo amatsha.
Iinqununu nabanye abaphathi besebe lemfundo kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba banika uncedo olufunekayo kumaqela alawulayo ekwenzeni imisebenzi yawo.
Ukuba iHOD inemihlaba eyaneleyo ingarhoxisa nawuphi umsebenzi kwiqela elilawulayo.
xelela iqela elilawulayo ngenjongo yakhe nezizathu zokwenza oko nika iqela elilawulayo ithuba lokuphendula kwiintsuku ezingama-30 aze athathele ingqalelo le mpendulo.
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka libe nentlanganiso ubuncinane kanye ngexesha lesikolo elimisiweyo (r17, r21). Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka linike isaziso seveki ubuncinane kuMongameli weSithili (onelungelo lokuya nakweyiphi intlanganiso yeqela elilawulayo kodwa akanakuvota) (r17, r21).
Iirekhodi zeentlanganiso kufuneka zifumaneke kubo bonke abafundi, abazali, ootitshala okanye kumaqela anomdla esikolweni.
a ngokungenelela imfihlakalo yomnye ngaphandle kokuba lowo uvumile ukuba ulwazi lunganikezelwa b ngolwazi olunikwe ngumntu wesithathu njengehlebo ngaphandle umntu lowo wesithathu unike imvume yokuba lunganikezelwa ulwazi r20.
c Alukwazanga kufumaneka emva kokukhangelwa ngenyameko.
Iqela elilawulayo lingenza owawo umgaqo-siseko, imithetho nemiyalelo emisiweyo enxulumene neentlanganiso neenkqubo, kodwa le mithetho nemiyalelo kufuneka ingaphambani nomthetho wePhondo.
Ikopi yale mithetho neenkqubo kufuneka zithunyelwe kwiNtloko yeSebe kwiintsuku ezingama-90 iqela elilawulayo lonyuliwe. INtloko yeSebe kufuneka iqinisele ukuba le mithetho nezi nkqubo ziyahambelana namalungiselelo omThetho, ngaphandle kwenzeke oku imithetho nemimiselo yeqela elilawulayo ayinakusetyenziswa (r21).
Naliphi ilungu leqela elilawulayo elinomdla ngemali okanye isihlobo esinomdla ngezemali kwimicimbi exoxwayo kufuneka arhoxe ngexesha kuxoxwayo kwaye kuthathwa isigqibo ngokuphathelele kulo mbandela.
Ukuba ngaba ama-20% (isinye kwisihlanu) sabazali babantwana abasesikolweni batyikitye isicelo bebiza intlanganiso jikelele ebalulekileyo yabazali kufuneka iqela elilawulayo liyibizile loo ntlanganiso kwiintsuku ezingama-30 lifumene isicelo eso. INtlanganiso Jikelele eBalulekileyo ingabizwa kuzokuxoxwa nawuphi umbandela onefuthe kwisikolo. Inqununu kufuneka ikhuphe izaziso malunga nale ntlanganiso kwiintsuku ezili-10 ubuncinane phambi kokuba ibanjwe intlanganiso ngokuziposela ikopi eneenkcukacha kumzali ngamnye okanye anike umfundi ngamnye ikopi ukuba ayinike abazali/umzali wakhe.
Amaqela alawulayo azenza njani izigqibo?
Isiqingatha esinye samalungu eqela elilawulayo livumelekile ukuba livote kwaye kubekho esinye esikhoyo esiza kwenza izigqibo.
Ubuncinane isiqingatha samalungu avotileyo ekoramu yentlanganiso yeqela elilawulayo kufuneka ibe ngabazali.
Ingaba ezi zigqibo zingaguqulwa nangubani?
Ewe. ISebe leMfundo lingagqiba ekubeni lingazizalisekisi izindululo ezenziwe liqela elilawulayo. Ukuba oku kwenzekile kufuneka linike iqela elilawulayo izizathu ezibhalilweyo.
Zeziphi izithuba ekufuneka zigcwaliswe kwiqela elilawulayo (r 16)?
Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka lonyule uSihlalo, uNondyebo noNobhala. Iqela elilawulayo lingonyula abantu abasebenza e-ofisini ukuba linqwenela njalo.
Aba bantu baza kusebenza e-ofisini kufuneka ibe ngamalungu eqela elilawulayo anamalungelo okuvota.
USihlalo weqela elilawula isikolo kufuneka ibe ngumzali ongaqashwanga esikolweni r16.
Inqununu yesikolo ayinakubamba sikhundla e-ofisini yeqela elilawula isikolo.
Akukho nalinye ilungu leqela elilawulayo elinokwenza imisebenzi emibini kwi-ofisi yeqela elilawulayo elinye (r16).
Azinakuba ngaphezulu kwesibini iititshala ezisebenxza e-ofisini yeqela elilawulayo r16.
Kufuneka banyulwe nini abaphathi be-ofisi?
Kwintlanganiso yokuqala yeqela elilawulayo ekufuneka ingabanjwa phambi kweentsuku ezingama-14 nesemva kweentsuku ezingama-28 konyulwe amalungu eqela elilawulayo, amalungu ewela elilawulayo anamalungelo okuvota kufuneka konyulwe phakathi kwaow abo baza kuba se-ofisini (r16).
Lixesha elingakanani ubani ekwi-ofisi yeqela elilawulayo?
Umphathi unokusebenza unyaka omnye e-ofisini. Emva kwelo xesha angaphinda onyulwe. ukuba ubani akaselilo ilungu leqela elilawulayo akanakuba saphinda ahlale e-ofisini r16.
Yintoni imisebenzi yabo banezikhundla kwi-ofisi yeqela elilawula isikolo?
Usihlalo kufuneka abaze kwaye akhokele iintlanganiso zeqela elilawulayo. ukuba usihlalo akakho entlanganisweni amalungu eqela elilawulayo kufuneka onyule elinye ilungu leqela elilawulayo ukuba likhokele intlanganiso.
Usihlalo kufuneka azise iNtlanganiso Jikelele yoNyaka kubazali ngengxelo ebhaliweyo ngesikolo kunyaka odlulileyo. inqununu kufuneka nayo inike ingxelo ebhaliweyo kwaye le ngxelo isonokwenziwa ngokuhlangeneyo okanye ngokwahlukileyo kuleyo kasihlalo.
Unobhala ugcina imizuzu yentlanganiso nganye yeqela elilawulayo neyeKomiti eLawulayo kwaye aqinisekise ukuba le mizuzu iyafumeneka ukuze ithathwe njengerekhodi elichanekileyo kwintlanganiso elandelayo yeqela elilawulayo.
UNobhala kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba imizuzu efanelekileyo iyagcina kwintlanganiso ngaye yekomiti yeqela elilawulayo kwaye iyafumaneka ukuze ithathwe njengerekhodi elichanekileyo kwintlanganiso elandelayo yekomiti.
Unobhala kufuneka athathe imizuzu yeNtlanganiso Jikelele yoNyaka yabazali kunye nayiphi iNtlanganiso Jikelele ebalulekileyo yabazali ebizwe ngabazali.
Imizuzu yeNtlanganiso Jikelele eBalulekileyo kufuneka ifumaneke ukuze ithathwe njengerekhodi elichanekileyo kwintlanganiso yabazali elandelayo.
Imizuzu yazo zonke iintlanganiso zabazali ezibe phakathi kweeNtlanganiso Jikelele zoNyaka kunye nemizuzu yeNtlanganiso Jikelele yoNyaka edlulileyo kufuneka zifuamaneke kwaye zivunywe njengerekhodi echanekileyo kwiNtalanganiso Jikelele yoNyaka elandelayo.
Unobhala kufuneka anike uMongameli weSithili ikopi yayo nayiphi imizuzu xa eyifuna.
Xa umntu owenza imisebenzi kanobhala kwiqela elilawulayo eyeka ukwenza oko kufuneka anike inqununu yonke imizuzu namnye amaxwebhu eqela elilawulayao.
Xa omnye umntu ethatha indawo kanobhala kwiqela elilawulayo inqununu kufuneka imnike yonke imizuzu ekhoyo kunye namaxwebhu ebenikwe wona ngunobhala wangaphambili.
Xa unobhala engekho ilungu leqela elilawulayo kufuneka lonyulqwe ukuba lithathe imizuzu yentlanganiso okanye ukuba kukho isekela likanobhala kufuneka libhale inkqubo.
Amaqela alawulayo aneqela leemfanelo ezibandakanya imali. Kungoko kufuneka anyule unondyebo aza kuba noxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba le misebenzi iyenziwa. Le misebenzi idweliswe phantsi kwesiqendu ukukhupha imali yesikolo (jonga kwiphepha lama-22).
Kwenzeka ntoni xa osebenza e-ofisini ehambile?
Ukuba umntu akanakuphinde awenze umsebenzi wase-ofisini nangasiphi isizathu amalungu eqeal elilawulayo abanamalungelo okuvota kufuneka banyule elinye ilungu elinamalungelo okuvota kuloo ndawo ingenamntu kwintlanganiso elandelayo yeqela elilawulayo.
Zeziphi iikomiti ekufuneka zenziwe liqela elilawulayo?
Onke amaqela alawulayo kufuneka eneKomiti eliLawulayo.
Ngubani oba kwiKomiti eLawulayo?
IKomiti eLawulayo iqulethe amalungu akhethelwe I-ofisi kunye nenqununu (ngenxa yamalungelo akhe).
Yintoni imisebenzi yeKomiti eLawulayo?
IKomiti eLawulayo kufuneka yenze imiyalelo eyinikwa liqela elilawulayo kwaye inika ingxelo lezenzo nezigqibo zayo kwiqela elilawulayo. Nangona kunjalo kufuneka igqibe ngemithetho yayo malunga nokubamba iintlanganiso zayo ngaphandle kokuba le mithetho ayiphambani nemisebenzi yayo emiselwe kumThetho.
Le misebenzi iquka intlanganiso ebanjwa ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga. Uninzi lwamalungu eKomiti yoLawulo kufuneka ekho kwintlanganiso yeKomiti yoLawulo ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha izigqibo okanye izindululo.
UMongameli weSithili unalo ilungelo lokwazi iinkcukacha zexesha nendawo apho intlanganiso yeKomiti yoLawulo iza kubakho khona kwaye aye kuyo (nangona engenakuvota) ukuba uyafuna.
Ingaba zikhona ezinye iikomiti zeqela elilawulayo?
Iqela elilawulayo lesikolo esiqhelekileyo esinika imfundo kubafundi abanezidingo ezithile zemfundo kufuneka baseke ikomiti kwzidingo ezithile zemfundo Jonga iphepha lengxelo karhulumente lesi-6- imfundo equkuneyo.
Iqela elilawulayo lesikolo esiqhelekileyo esinika izifundo ezingafundiswa imini yonke kubafundi abadala kufuneka liseke ikomiti yemfundo yabadala. Iqela elilawulayo kufuneka limeme inqununu yeziko lokufunda onemfanelo yezo zifundo, abameli babafundi abadala nabameli bootitshala abafundisa abo bafundi babe ngamalungu ekomiti.
Ukuba iqela elilawulayo libona kufanelekile lingamisa ikomiti enye okanye zibe zininzi ngaphandle kweKomiti yoLawulo, ikomiti yezidingo ezithile, ikomiti yabafundi abadala ukuba ibacebise kwaye ukuba kunemfuneko yenze nayiphi imisebenzi iqela elilawulayo enqwenela ukuba ukuba ibathume.
Ithini imithetho yezi komiti?
Ikomiti nganye kufuneka ikhokelwe lilungu leqela elilawulayo. Iqela elilawulayo linganyula abantu abangengomalungu kwiqela elilawulayo babe kwikomiti. Iqela elilawulayo lingasijika okanye lisiguqule isigqibo sekomiti.
IKomiti Elawulayo yenza izigqibo zeqela elilawulayo.
Ulonyulo lwamaqela alawula isikolo lunika omnye nomnye owenza uluntu lwesikolo ithuba lokuvotela abameli kwiQela eliLawula isiKolo.
Emva kokuba iQela eliLawula isiKolo lonyuliwe amalungu alo aya kuvotela imicimbi yemisebenzi neemfanelo ezikummandla wawo.
ICandelo lesiBini lichaza imimiselo ngokuphathelele kukumiswa nolonyulo lwabazali, loootitshala, nesitafu esingafundisiyo nabafundi.
UmPhathi woNyulo uya kubamba ukhetho lweentlobo ezine zamalungu zeqela elilawulayo.
Ngabazali bodwa abavumelekileyo ukuba bavotele amalungu abazali.
Abafundi abawavoteli amalungu abafundi kwiSGB. Amalungu abafundi ngusihlalo, nonobhala weRCL kwaye xa umfundi wesithathu engasebenza kwiSGB iKomiti eLawulayo ingamisa ummeli onjalo kwiKomiti eLawulayo.
Wonke umzali womfundi omnye okanye ngaphezulu obhalise ngokusesikweni esikolweni uvumelekile ukuba avotele amalungu abazali beqela elilawulayo (r11)/.
Wonke umzali uvumelekile ukuba abe nevoti enye yendawo yelungu lomzali ngamnye kwiqela elilawulayo.
Ukuba kukho iindawo zamalungu abazali abasi-7 umzali uya kuba neevoti ezisixhenxe, ibe nye kwindawo nganye.
Abanakusebenzisa zonke iivoti zabo kodwa kufuneka bamvotele kanye umntu ngamnye.
Utitshala ngamnye oqeshwe esikolweni, ngaphandle kwenqununu uvumelekile ukuvotela amalungu ootitshala kqwiqela elilawulayo.
Utitshala ngamnye uvumeleke ukuba avotele indawo enye yelungu letitshala ngalinye kwiqela elilawulayo.
Ukuba iindawo zimbini zamalungu ootitshala utiotshala kufuneka abe neevoti ezimbini ibe nye kwindawo nganye.
Abanakusebenzisa zonke iivoti zabo kodwa kufuneka bamvotele kanye umntu ngamnye.
Amalungu abafundi akwiSGB kufuneka abe ngussihlalo nonobhala weBhunga eliMele abaFundi.
Ukuba ilungu lesithathu lomfundi likwiSGB iKomiti eLawulayo yeRCL ingamisela umfundi ofana nalowo kwiKomiti yoLawulo kuthathelwe ingqwalasela kwisini.
Ilungu lesitafu ngasinye elingafundisiyo eliqashwe esikolweni livumelekile ukuvotela ilungu lesitafu esingafundisiyo kwiqela elilawulayo.
Ummeli uyavota- Ingaba ukuba umzali ongenakufikelela kulonyulo angafumana omnye ongamvotela?
Ewe. Ivoti yomzali ingenziwa ngomnye ukuba unencwadi ayibhalileyo waze wayityikitya echaza ukuba unike omnye igunya lokuba amvotele. Lo mntu ubizwa ngokuba ngummeli. Ummeli kufuneka abhalise kwiEO ngomhla wentalnganiso yokumiswa.
Ithini inkqubo yokonyulwa kwabalawuli besikolo?
Oku kulandelayo yinkqubo yokumisela nokonyula abazali kwiqela elilawulayo lesikolo. Iinkqubo zokumiswa nonyulo ezichazwe apha ziyafana nezabafundi, zootitshala, nezesitafu esingafundisiyo.
Zifana ngendlela yokokuba kukho imithetho malunga nokokuba ngubani ofuneka aphathe isikolo, ngoko kukho imithetho malunga nokumiswa nokonyula.
Nabanina onqwenela ukuba ngumphathi wesikolo unokumiswa aze axhaswe.
Unyulo kufuneka lukho xa ngaba kukho abantu abaninzi abamisiweyo kunenani elifunekayo kwiqela elilawulayo. Ngokuvota uluntu lwesikolo likhetha ukuba ngabani ekufuneka ekwiqela elilawulayo lesikolo sabo. Abagqatswa abafumene iivoti ezininzi ngaba abangamalungu onyuliweyo eqela elilawulayo.
Irejista yesikolo iqulathe amagama abazali abanokonyulwa, abafundi, ootitshala nesitafu esingafundisiyo kufuneka ifumaneke kuzo zonke iintalnganiso zokumiswa nezonyulo.
Bonke abantu abamisiweyo, abaxhasi nabagqatswa kufuneka ibe ngabantu abadweliswe kwirejista yesikolo njengabafundi, abazali, ootitshala nesitafu esingafundisiyo esikolweni.
Ezi rejista zesikolo zisebenza njengoluhlu lokuvota. Kubalulekile ukuba zibonakalise onke amagama abavoti abanokonyulwa (jonga iifomu B 2-B5).
Ukuba amagama abazali angekho ngaphezulu kwesibini somfundi ngamnye obhalise esikolweni akhona kwirejista yabazali.
Amagama ootitshala bonke nesitafu esingafundisiyo abaqashwe esikolweni badwelisiwe kwirejista.
Kwinjongo yokubamba unyulo iBhunga eliMele abaFundi umPhathi onguMxulumanisi woTitshala kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba irejista ibonisa ukubhaliswa esikolweni okuchanekileyo.
Imimiselo elawula inkqubo yokumiswa kufuneka ilandelwe kuzo zonke iintlanganiso zokumiswa.
Inkqubo yokonyula kufuneka ifane kudidi ngalunye lwamalungu anyulwayo.
UmPthathi woNyulo kufuneka alandele inkqubo efanayo emva konyulo lodidi nglunye lwamalungu.
Oku kuthetha ukuba umvoti unelungelo lokuvota bgasese kwaye ngokuthembakeleyo.
Umvoti unelungelo lokuvota ngaphendle kwezoyikiso zokugrogriswa.
Umsebenzi wakho njengmPhathi wonyulo kukuqinisekisa ukuba ulungiselela unyulo esikolweni sakho ngendlela ekhuselekileyo yemiqathango yedemokrasi nokubambelela kwimimiselo yasemNtla koloni.
Kufuneka enze ntoni umPhathi woNyulo ukubamba intlanganiso yokumiswa?
UmPhathi woNyulo uya kugqiba ngomhla, ngexesha nangendawo yentlanganiso apho abazali bangamisa umzali ukuba amele unyulo njengomphathi wesikolo.
UmPhathi woNyulo uya kulungisa isaziso esinika iinkcukacha kwaye enze iikopi ezaneleyo ukuze inqununu yesikolo ikwazi ukunika umfundi ngamnye esikolweni jonga ifomu P2.
Esi saziso kunye neekopi kufuneka zinikwe inqununu ubuncinane kwiintsuku ezili-14 phambi komhla wentalnganiso yokumiswa/ yokonyula.
Inqununu kufuneka inike abafundi ezi kopi kunye nemiyalezo ekufuneka beyigqithisele kubazali babo, kwiintsuku ezisi-7 phambi komhla wentlanganiso yokumiswa.
Inqununu isenokukhetha ukuziposela abazali ezi zaziso okanye izipose ukongeza kwezo bezinikwe abafundi.
Inqununu kufuneka enike umPhathi woNyulo incwadi equlathe amagama abazali bonke abanelungelo lokuvota phambi kwentlanganiso yokumiswa.
Ukuba inani labantu abamisiweyo ngokwasemthethweni lingaphantsi kunenani elifunwayo lamalungu abazali abangabaphathi umPhathi woNyulo uya kuyiphelisa intlanganiso yokumiswa aze alungiselele intlanganiso entsha yokumiswa kwiintsuku ezili-14. Le ntlanganiso iya kufuna izaziso ezitsha nabantu abatsha abamisiweyo. Ukuba kwintlanganiso yesibini yokumiswa abanelanga abantu abamisiweyo abo bamisiweyo baya konyulwa.
Umzali unokumiswa kuphela (okanye isekela) ngomnye umzali onomfundi obhalise ngokusesikweni esikolweni.
Umzali omiselweyo kufuneka angaqashwa esikolweni okanye abe ngumPhathi woNyulo lwesikolo.
Umzali omiselweyo kufuneka abe uphilile ngokwasengqondweni.
Umzali unokumiselwa ngumntu ocebayo ogcwalise ifomu yokumiselwa ekwi-ofisi yenqununu eza kuya kumPhathi woNyulo kungabi ngaphezu kweentsuku ezisi-7 kwaye kungabi ngaphantsi kosuku olunye phambi kwentlanganiso ebiziweyo (jonga ifomu P4).
Bangamiswa kwintlanganiso yokumiselwa. UmPhathi woNyulo akasayi kuvuma ukuba kwenziwe lo msebenzi ngaphezu kweyure enye (jonga ulwazi kwibhokisi).
Abazali abamiselwe entlanganisweni baya kufuna omnye umzali ongumxhasi wokumiswa kunye nefomu yokumiswa iya kugcwaliswa ize inikwe umPhathi woNyulo kwixesha elivunywe ngumPhathi wonyulo kule njongo.
Xa kuvaliwe ukumiswa abakho abanye abantu abakuvunyelwa ukuba bamiswe.
Ukuba kufuneka konyulwe amalungu abazali asi-7 umPhathi woNyulo kufuneka avumele ukumiswa kwabazli abali-14 kunye/okanyeimizuzu engama-20 emva kkokubizwa kwabamiselwa.
Ukumiselwa okwenziwe entlanganisweni kufuneka kungeniswe kwiifomu ezifanelekileyo kwaye zikhangelwe lisekela lomPhathi woNyulo kwincwadi efanelekileyo. Abantu abamiselweyo bathunyelwa kumPhathi woNyulo ukuze abadibanise noludwe lwabantu abamiselweyo ebelifumene.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ukumiselwa kuvaliwe?
Ukuba bonke abantu abamiselweyo abamkelwe ngumPhathi woNyulo kwintlanganiso yokumiswa yabazali balingana nenani lamalungu abazali abafunekayo kwiqela lokulawula umPhathi woNyulo kufuneka abathathe abagqatswa abamisiweyo njengabanyuliweyo.
Ukuba bonke abantu abamiselweyo abamkelwe ngumPhathi woNyulo kwintlanganiso yokumiswa yabazali lingaphezulu kunenani lamalungu abazali elifunekayo umPhathi woNyulo kufuneka alungiselele intlanganiso.
KwiPhondo lasemNtla Koloni unyulo luya kubanjwa ngemini enye yentlanganiso yokumiswa kodwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba lungabanjwa ngolunye usuku olwahlukileyo ukuba ngaba ulwazi beluxeliwe kwisaziso zentlanganiso yokumiswa - kodwa kunga ngaphezu kweentsuku ezi-7 emva kwentlanganiso yokumiswa (jonga ifomu P2).
Ekuvalweni kwentlanganiso yokumiswa umPhathi woNyulo uya kwenza uluhlu labagqatswa aze alubonise ngokudandalazayo.
Kwenzeka ntoni kwintlanganiso yonyulo?
UmPhathi wonyulo nenqununu baya kulungiselela igumbi elilodwa ukusuka kwindawo apho ukumiselwa bekusenziwa khona njengendawo yokuvotela.
UmPhathi woNyulo uya kuncamathelisa ikopi evunyiweyo yabantu abamisiweyo kudonga lweli gumbi okanye uya kubhala uluhlu ebhodini. Xa oku kuthe kwagqitywa umPhathi woNyulo uya kuvula ucango lwesikhululo sokuvota kwaye uya kuvumela nabani ongumqwalaseli kwaye axelele iSekela lomPhathi woNyulo ukuba aqalise ngenkqubo yokunika iifomu zokuvota (jonga ifomu B1). UmPhathi woNyulo akaufuneki ahambe kweli gumbi kude kugqitywe ukuvotwa.
Abavoti baya kukhangelwa liSekela lomPhathi woNyulo ngokwencwadi efanelekileyo eya kusebenza njengeluhlu lwamagama abavoti. Abavoti kufuneka babe nento yokuchongwa (jonga kwibbhokisi esecaleni).
ISekela lomPhathi woNyulo kufuneka enike abavoti ifomu yokuvota kwaye uya kuyiphawula ngesitampu sesikolo.
Abazali abanama;lungelo okuvota (jonga kwibhokisi ekwiphepha lama-30) baya kuba namagama wabo kunye namagama abazali ababavotelayo ekhangelwa ngokwencwadi enamagama abo, kwaye banikwe iifomu zokuvota ezimbini okanye ezintathu ngokuphathelele kukuba banelungelo lokuvotela umzali omnye okanye abazali ababini jonga ifomu P3.
Abavoti baya kungena kwigumbi baze babhale amagama abagqatswa abamiselweyo abanqwenela ukubonyula kwiifomu zokonyula. Akukho sidingo sokuba basebenzise zonke iivoti zabo.
Baya kusonga ifomu yokuvota baze bayifake kwibhokisi yokuvota.
kwezinye izikolo kulindelekile ukuba kubekho umpHathi woNyulo ongaphezulu kwesinye owonyuliweyo. Ukuba akukho mvisiswano phakathi kwabo malunga nomcimbi onxulumene nokumiswa komgqatswa okanye unyulo isigqibo somPhathi woNyulo wesithili siya kuba sesokugqibela.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ngaphantsi kwama-40% yabazali iye entlanganisweni?
UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka amisele omnye umhla, ixesha nendawo yonyulo lwesibini kwaye axelele inqununu ngokubhala ubuncinane phambi kweentsuku ezili-14 phambi komhla waloo ntlanganiso.
UmPhathi wonyulo uya kunika inqununu iikopi ezoneleyo zezaziso ezixela umhla, ixesha nendawo yentlanganiso yesibini.
Inqununu uya kunika umfundi ngamnye osesikolweni iikopi zezaziso kunye nemiyalezo yokokuba kufuneka bazinike abazali babo kwiintsuku ezisi-7 phambi kwentalnganiso yesibini.
Kwintlanganiso yesibini akusayi kubakho ikoram efunekayo kwaye unyulo lwamalungu abazali luya kuqhubeka ngokommiselo wesi-3-9 (r15).
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyulo?
Emva kokuba abantu bevotile kufuneka bahambe.
Xa uvoto lugqityiwe iSekela lomPhathi woNyulo ubala onke amaphepha ovpoto ebekhutshiwe aze ase itotali yawo kumPhathi woNyulo.
UmPhathi woNyulo encediswa liSekela lomPhathi woNyulo bavula zonke iibhokisi ezinamaphepha onyulo baze emva kokuba beqinisekile ukuba azinanto bajonge iifomu zokuvota baze ukuba kukho amoshakeleyo bawakhuphele ecaleni.
UmPhathi woNyulo encediswa liSekela lomPhathi woNyulo baya kubala zonke iivoti zabagqatswa abahlukeneyo baze bagqibezele ufomu B6 (ifomu yokurekhoda amaphepha okuvota).
Emva kokuba zonke iivoti zibaliwe kwaye uFomu B egcwalisiwe umPhathi woNyulo kufuneka azise iziphumo.
Xa yonke inkqubo yokonyula iQela elilawula isiKolo lugqityiwe zonke iifomu zokuvota namaxwebhu ebesetyenziswa kunyulo kufuneka afakwe emvulophini ize ivalwe ithunyelwe kumPhathi woNyulo weSithili. Kufuneka awagcine ekhuselekile kangangeenyanga ezintathu emva konyulo.
UmPhathi woNyulo weSithili uya kuxelela abantu abonyuliweyo ngokubhala.
UmPhathi woNyulo lweSithili uya kuqinisekisa ukuba inqununu kunye noMongameli weSithili baxelelwa amagama amalungu anyuliweyo ngokubhaliweyo.
Akacacelwa umPhathi woNyulo ukuba ngabani ebevotelwa.
Iphepha lokuvota lokuqala kufuneka linikwe umPhathi woNyulo aza kulitshitshisa ngokulihlaba aze atyikitye igama lakhe aze ayalele iSekela lomPhathi woNyulo ukuba anike elinye iphepha lokuvota.
UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka abhale inani lamaphepha ovoto tshitshisiweyo ukuze inani lamaphepha ovoto xa ewonke anikiweyo ahlangane nenani labavoti (B 6).
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kukho abagqatswa ababini nangaphezulu abafumana inani elinye labavoti?
Ukuba abagqatswa babini okanye ngaphezulu bafumane inani leevoti ezilinganayo umPhathi woNyulo uya kuqononondisa iziphumo- umPhathi woNyulo kufuneka afune indlela yokuba kuphumelele umgqatswa omnye ngebhaqo. Ukuba abagqatswa babini kuphela baneziphumo ezifanayo umPhathi woNyulo angajikelezisa ikhozo lemali aze agqibe ukuba okhethe intloko nguye ophumeleleyo. Okanye umPhathi anganeebhola ezimbini ezinobukhulu obulinganayo ezinembala eyahlukeneyo engxowenio aze agqibe ukuba umgqatswa opkhethe umbala othile nguye ophumeleleyo. Kukho iindlela ezininzi' zokukhetha ngesininzi' . Kodwa nayiphi indlela esetyenzisiweyo ixhomekeke kumphathi wonyule kwaye isigqibo sokugqibela sesakhe.
Abavotii baya kulufuna uncedo lokugcwalisa iphepha lokuvota kuba becela umngeni obonakalayo bangacela I-EO ukuba avumele umntu abancede.
Abavoti abfumana ubunzima ekufundeni nasekubhaleni bangacela I-EO ukuba ibafundele amagama nenani labagqatswa nokufaka inombolo okanye inani lokhetho lwabo.
UmPhathi woNyulo uya kugqiba ngomhla, ngexesha nangendawo yentlanganiso yokumiswa kwamalungu angootitshala. Le ntlanganiso kufuneka ibanjwe kwiintsuku ezisi-7 phambi okanye emva kwentlanganiso yokumiswa kwamalungu angabazali.
INtloko yeSebe leMfundo lingalandisa eli xesha ukuba ngaba kunesizathu esilungileyo.
INqununu kufuneka inike umPhathi woNyulo uluhlu elinootitshala bonke besikolo.
UMphathi woNyulo kufuneka enike utitshala ngamnye esikolweni ikopi yesaziso sentalanganiso yokumiswa kwiintsuku ezi-5 zesikolo phambi kwemini yentlanganiso jonga iFomu E1.
Utitshala angamiswa kuphela kwaye axhaswe ngomnye utitshala oqashwe esikolweni.
Inqununu ayinakuba lilungu lootshala kwiqela elilawulayo kuba unesihlalo esizenzekelayo.
Abanakumiselwa kwintlanganiso yokumiselwa (jonga kwibhokisi esecaleni kwiphepha lama-32). UmPhathi wonyulo uya kuvumela ixeshana lokwenzeka koku kwaye oku kuya kwaziswa ekuqaleni kwentlanganiso.
Ekubeni imimiselo ephathelele kwirejista yesikolo, kukumiswa nokonyula kufana kudidi ngalunye lwelungu elonyulwayo kukho iyantlukwano ezithile.
Kunezithuba ezi-4 zamalungu angabazali kwiqela elilawulayo. Ndiya kugcina ukumiswa kuvulekile kangangemizuzu engama-20side sibe nabantu abamiselweyo abasi-8. Ukumiswa emva koko kuya kuvalwa.
Ootitshala abamisiweyo kwintlanganiso kufuneka enye ititshala ekhoyo eza kuxhasa ukumiswa, nokugcwalisa ifomu yokumiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ayigqithisele kumPhathi woNyulo kwixesha elivunyelwe loo njongo ngumPhathi woNyulo.
Xa ixesha ebelivunyelwe ukumiswa liphelile akukho okunye ukumiswa okuya kuvunyelwa. Ukuba inani lilonke lokumiswa elisemthethweni lingaphantsi kwenani elifunwayo lootitshala abangamalungu alawulayo umPhathi woNyulo uya kuyivala intlanganiso yokumiswa aze alungiselele intlanganiso yokumiswa entsha kwiintsuku ezili-14.
Le ntlanganiso iya kufuna izaziso ezitsha kunye nabantu abamiselwayo.
USihlalo, uNobhala okanye amanye amalungu eKomiti yoLawulo yeBhunga eliMele abaFundi baba ngamalungu abafundi azenzekelayo kwaye akukho voto lufunekayo.
UmPhathi woNyulo uya kugqiba ngomhla, ngexesha nangendawo yentlanganiso yokumiswa kwamalungu esitafu esingafundisiyo. Unyulo lungenzeka entlanganisweni kodwa kufuneka oku kuchaziwe kwizaziso ezikhutshiweyo. Le ntlanganiso kufuneka ibanjwe kwiintsuku ezili-14 phambi okanye emva kwentlanganiso yokumiswa kwamalungu angabazali.
INtloko yeSebe leMfundo lingalandisa eli xesha ukuba ngaba kunesizathu esilungileyo.
INqununu kufuneka inike umPhathi woNyulo uluhlu elinesitafu esingafundisiyo sonke besikolo.
UMphathi woNyulo kufuneka elungise isaziso sentalnganiso kwaye anike ikopi isitafu ngasinye esingafundisiyo esikolweni kwiintsuku ezi-5 zesikolo phambi kwemini yentlanganiso (jonga iFomu NT1).
Isitafu esingafundisiyo singamiswa kuphela kwaye axhaswe sesinye isitafu esingafundisiyo esiqashwe esikolweni.
Amalungu esitafu esingafundisiyo amiswe entlanganisweni kufuneka abe nelinye ilungu lesitafu esingafundisiyo esikhoyo esiza kuxhasa ukumiswa kwaye ligcwalisee ifomu ngendlela efanelekileyo lize lineke umPhathi wonyulo kwixesha ebelivunyelwe injongo leyo.
Xa ixesha ebelivunyelwe ukumiswa liphelile akukho okunye ukumiswa okuya kuvunyelwa.
Ukuba akukho mntu omiselweyo kwangexesha okanye omiselwe entlanganisweni umPhathi woNyulo uya kuyivala intlanganiso aze alungiselele intlanganiso entsha yokumiswa kwiintsuku ezili-14.
Le ntlanganiso iya kufuna izaziso ezitsha kunye nabantu abamiselwayo.
Ukuba kukho isitafu esingafundisiyo esinye esiqeshwe esikolweni (r3) uba lilungu elizenzekeleyo leqela elilawulayo. Ukuba ngaba akukho sitafu esingafundisiyo kufuneka inani libazali licutheke ngesinye kwiqela elilawulayo.
Ukuba kunokwenzeka nangasiphi isizathu kwinxalenye yamalungu eSGB kubekho ilungu elingonyulwanga, oko kuthetha ukuba iSGB ayonyulwanga ngokufanelekileyo. UMEC uya kuvumela ukulungiswa kwale meko uya kutsho kwiinyanga ezi-6.
Icandelo lesithathu liqulathe izikhokelo ezibonakalayo zokulungiselela nokubamba ukumiselwa nonyulo esikolweni sakho. Liqulathe zonke izaziso zeentlanganiso zokumiswa nezonyulo uya kuzifuna.
Liqulathe kwakho iikopi zeefomu zokumiswa ezisemthethweni zabazali, zabafundi, zesitafu esingafundisiyo nezootitshala. Ezo fomu zingafotokopwa kwaye zisetyenziswe njengefomu ezisemthethweni xa kufanelekile.
Icandelo lesiThathu licwangciswe ngendlela ulonyulo olwahlukeneyo ekufuneka lwenziwe ngayo.
qulunqa inkqubo yonyulo lwesikolo sakho ngakufanelekileyo nangendlela elungiselelweyo ukumisa umhla wonyulo lwesikolo sakho ukugqiba inkqubo yonyulo lweqela elilawula isikolo sakho olu luhlu lweefomu zicwangcisiwe kwaye zinombolwe ngokokuba kufuneka zisetyenziselwe unyulo lweRCL, lwesitafu esingafundisiyo, lootitshala okanye abazali. Olu luhlu lucwangciswe kwakho ngokuhambelana nexesha ekufuneka zikhutshwe ngalo. Amanani neentlobo zeefomu zixhomekeke kubukhulu nakuhlobo lwesikolo olungiselela ulonyulo lwaso (jonga kumaphepha 15, 45 nelama-48).
Uluhlu lwedayari lubhekiselele kwezi fomu ngokwenani.
Qaphela: Ukuba ngaba iqela elilawulayo lisebenza kwizikolo ezingaphezulu kwisnye inani labafundi lidibene bezikolo zozibini liya kusetyenziswa ekugqibeni inani lamalungu eqela elilawulayo. Ukuba ngaba isikolo asinalo ilungu lesitafu esingafundisiyo inani labazali abalawulayo liya kuncitshiswa ngesinye (ngoko inani lilonke labalawuli liya kuncitshiswa ngesi-2).
Intlanganiso yokumiswa/yonyulo lwesitafu esingafundisiyo.
Intlanganiso yokumiswa/yokunyulwa kweetitshala.
Intlanganiso yokumiswa/yokunyulwa kwabazali.
Ukugcwalisa ifomu NT1 nokuyinikezela kuso sonke isitafu esingafundisiyo.
Ukugcwalisa ifomu E1 ize inikwe zonke iititshala.
Iifomu E3, E4, okanye E5 noNF1. Fomu B2.
Iifomu yoku-odola iifomu namphepha okuvota wonyulo lwamaQela alawula isiKolo.
Le fomu iya kukunceda ukuba umisele inani nohlobo lweefomu oza kuzifuna xa ubambe unyulo lweSGB. Ezi fomu zingafunyanwa kwi-ofisi yengingqi okanye ungenza iikopi zenani leefomu ozifunanayo.
Igama lenqununu Umtyikityi...
Igama nedilesi yesikolo...
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iSekela lomPhathi woNyulo nabanye abancedisi bonyulo bakhethwe sisitafu.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba irejista yabazali igcwaliswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye noluhlu lwabavoti babafundi, bootitshala nesitafu esingafundisiyo lunikwe umPhathi woNyulo okanye uTitshala onguMxulumanisi woTitshala ubuncinane kwiintsuku ezili-14 phambi kwentlanganiso yokumiswa.
Wenze uluhlu lwamagumbi aza kusetyenziselwa iintlanganiso zokumiswa nokunyulwa echaza nemihla ayinikwe ngumPhathi woNyulo. Aqinisekise ukuba kuyafikeleleka kula magumbi ngamaxesjha afunekayo kwaye amalungiselelo enziwe okuwazuza kude kuphele inkqubo yonyulo.
Ukwenza amalungiselelo afanelekileyo okukhanyisa okwexeshana ukuba oku kuya kufuneka kwiintlanganiso zokumiswa nezonyulo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba indlela yokugcina ukhuseleko yenziwe ukuba iceliwe, ukugcina zonke iirekhodi zonyulo zide zibe zinikwa umPhathi weSekethe ngumPhatho woNyulo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba amagumbi aza kusetyenziselwa iintlanganiso anebhodi kunye netdshokhwe, okanye iphepha elikhulu kunye nezixhobo zakubhala, kunye nezincamathelisi zokuncamathelisa iphepha edongeni.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipeni ezzaneleyo zinokufumaneka ukugcwalisa iifomu zokonyulo kunyulo lwabazali.
Ukubonisa ifomu RCL 1 kwiklasi nganye kwiveki enye phambi konyulo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana irejista yesikolo enabafundi bonke.
Entlanganisweni ubhala amagama abagqatswa abamisiweyo ebhodini okanye kwitshati.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho iifomu zokuvota ezaneleyo (RCL 2). Ukujonga umfundi ngokwerejista yeklasi phambi kokunikezela ngefomu yokuvota.
Ukususa onke amaphepha okuvota amoshakeleyo , aze abale iivoti.
Ukugcwalisa ifomu yokurekhodisha uvoto lweklasi (RCL 3) aze achaze amagama/igama labanyulelwe ukumela.
Ukufaka zonke iivoti nefomu (RCL3) emvulophini ayiphawulileyo. Igama leklasi negama lesikolo aze ayinike inqununu. Abeke enye ikopi yefomu (RCL3) kwindawo ecacileyo eklasini.
Xa zonke iiklasi zonyule abameli gcwalisa iikopi ezimbini zefomu (RCL6). Nika inqununu enye ikopi uze unike unobhala weRCL enye ikopi xa ethe wonyulwa.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izaziso neefomu ezifanelekileyo zikhutshiwe (jonga uluhlu lweefomu kumaphepha 40 nama-41 ale ncwadi).
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iirejista /uluhlu lwabavoti zenziwe kwauye ziyafumaneka kwintlanganiso.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iifomu zokumiswa zigcwaliswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngabantu abakwiirejista ezifanelekileyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba uyalazisa ixesha lokumiswa kwintlanganiso yokumiswa/yokonyulwa.
Ekupheleni kokumiswa bhala ebhodini okanye kwitshati amagama abobonke abagqatswa abamiswe ngokwamkelekileyo.
Lungisa igumbi elilodwa lokuvotela ekususela kwintlanganiso yokumiswa. Eli gumbi kufuneka linesaziso apho bonke abagqatswa abamisiweyo babhalwe ngokwe-alfabhethi (kunye neenombolo emacaleni kunyulo lwabazali). Isaziso kufuneka sichaze ukuba bangaphi abaphathi abonyulwayo.
Aba bantu bamisiweyo balandelayo bamkelwe kwisithuba sabazali abangabaphathi. Uneevoti EZINE. Gcwalisa igama kunye/okanye inani lomgqatswa onqwenela ukumxhasa kwiphepha lakho lokuvota uze ufake iphepha lakho lokuvota kwenye yeebhokisi zokuvota.
Qinisekisa ukuba itafile ilungisiwe kwigumbi lokuvotela kwaye likho iSekela lomPhathi woNyulo oza kukhangela amagama abo banqwenela ukuvota ngokwerejista efanelekileyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba kukho iifomu zokuvota ezaneleyo ezifumanekayo kwaye sikho isitampu sesikolo kunye nomqamelwana wokufaka i-inki.
Qinisekisa yukuba iibhokisi zamaphepha okuvota zaanele , iitafile zokubhalela kunye namasiba okubhala kwindlu yokuvota. Iibhokisi zokuvota zingenziwa ngamaphepha amadala alahlwayo kwaye avalwe ngomphezulu wekhadibhodi ibe nomgxunya onobubanzi obaneleyo ukufaka iphepha lokuvota., okanye fotokopa iibhokisi zamaphepha. Qinisekisa ukuba iziphelo zinesitampu sesikolo kwaye nguwe kuphela oya kuyivula emva kokuba unyulo lugqityiwe.
UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka ekhona kwigumbi ekuvotelwa kulo ngalo lonke ixesha.
Abagqatswa bangaba ngabaqapheli kwigumbi lokuvotela kuyo yonke inkqubo yonyulo.
Xa uvoto lugqityiwe umPhathi woNyuloneSekela lomPhathi woNyulo kufuneka bavule iibhokisi ezinamaphepha onyulo baze babale iivoti. Iivoti ezimoshakeleyo kufuneka bazikhuphe baze bazigcine zodwa. Amaphepha okuvota aya kuhlelwa ngokwemfumba yomgqatswa ngamnye aze abalwe. Ubalo kufuneka lurekhodishwe kwiFomu yokurekhodisha uvoto (B6) kunye nenani lamaphepha okuvota amoshakeleyo. Oku kufuneka kudityaniswe kwaye kufuneka afikelele kwitotali efanayo nenani lamaphepha okuvota ebekhutshiwe.
Emva kokuba iivoti zibaliwe yazisa iziphumo. Emva koko qokelela zonke iifomu namaphepha okuvota asetyenzisiweyo kunyulo uze uwafake kwimvulophu yasemthethweni oynikiweyo. Vala imvulophu uze uqinisekise ukuba gcinwa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo ide ibe inikwa umPhathi woNyulo wengingqi okanye umPhathi weSekethe ngokwezicwangciso.
Xa lonke unyulo lwenzekile zonke iimvulophu kufuneka ziqoekelwe nguMphathi weSekethe aze azinike umPhathi woNyulo lweNgingqi.
Ikopi egcwalisiweyo yeFomu B7 ' Amagama abalawuli besikolo' kufuneka iithunyelwe kumPhathi woNyulo wePhondo.
Ikopi egcwalisiweyo yeFomu B7 ' Amagama abalawuli besikolo' kufuneka inikwe inqununu kunye neerejista.
Igama okanye inombolo yeklasi...
Iklasi inganyula abameli ababini okanye omnye (susa leyo ingasebenziyo) kwiRCL. Unyulo luya kwenziwa ngamaphepha okuvota kwaye wonke umfundi kufuneka avotele ummeli omnye kule klasi.
Abantu abamiselwe ukumela bangachazwa ngomlomo entlanganisweni kwaye kufuneka baxhaswe aze umntu omisiweyo avume ukuba kwRCL.
Liyintoni iBhunga eliMele abaFundi okanye ummeli womfundi kwibhunga?
UmThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika ubalula ukusekwa kweRCL kuzo zonke izikolo ezinebanga lesi-8 ngangaphezulu. IRCL liqela elisemthethweni elimele bonke abafundi kwisikolo esinamabanga aphakamileyo. Iqulathe amalungu abafundi abakhethwe ngokwedemokrasi kwiklasi nganye esikolweni kwaye abamele iimbono zabafundi ngokuphathelele kwiingqiqo zemfundo yabo.
Isikolo esishukumayo esinika umgangatho wemfundo sixhomekeke ekuthabatheni inxaxheba okukhutheleyo kwabafundi abanegalelo ekuphuhliseni ummandla olungele ukufunda nokufundisa okunentsingiselo.
Ukuphuhlisa imvumelwano yomthetho wokuziphatha kwabafundi esikolweni kunye neqela lelilawula isikolo.
Minyaka yonke abafundi abenza ibanga lesi-8 nangaphezulu baya kubamba unyulo lweRCL.
Wonke umfundi unelungelo lokuvota.
UTitshala woMxulumaniwi wooTitshala unoxanduva lokubamba olu nyulo.
Ukumiselwa kungenziwa ngomlomo okanye kubhalwe nangona unyulo kufuneka lwenziwe ngamaphepha okuvota.
Amalungu anyulelwe kwiRCL enziwe ngabameli beeklasi aya kuvotela iKomiti yoLawulo lweRCL. Usihlalo nonobhala baba ngamalungu eQela elilawula isiKolo ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukuba ilungu lesithathu liyafuneka iKomiti eLawulayo iya kumisa ilungu elongezelelweyo.
UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka lenze uluhlu lwamagama abafundi abamisiweyo baze baxele ukuba uza kuba neevoti ezingaphi.
Bhala kwisithuba esingezantsi igama lomfundi onqwenela ukuba ngummeli kwiBhunga eliMele abaFundi besi sikolo.
Igama leklasi okanye inombolo...
a ngokugcwalisa ifomu NF1 yokumiswa onokuthi uyifumane kumPhathi woNyulo uze uyibuyisele kumPhathi woNyulo kungabi ngaphantsi kwemini enye phambi kokumiswa; okanye b ngokuceba ilungu lesitafu esingafundisiyo njengelungu ngexesha lentlanganiso yokumiswa, ngaphandle kokuba elinye ilungu lesitafu esigafundisiyo likho ukuxhasa ukumiswa kwaye ligcwalise ifomu yokumiswa aze ayingenise kumPhathi woNyulo kwixesha lentlanganiso yokumiswa evunyelwe le njongo.
Umhla wokukhutshwa kwesaziso...
Ukutyikitywa ngumPhathi woNyulo...
Idilesi yomPhathi woNyulo...
Igama lomntu omiswayo:...
Yamkelwe ngumntu omisiweyo Mna igama lomiselwayo...
kwiqela elilawulayo kwaye ndiziqonda zonke iimfanelo ezihambisana nolonyulo olulindelekileyo lwam.
Ukutyikitywa ngumntu omiselwayo:...
Ukuqinisekiswa ukuba ululungelo unyulo ngumphathi wonyulo: (Igama)...
Ukutyikitywa ngumphathi wonyulo:...
UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka lenze uluhlu lwamagama amalungu esitafu esingafundisiyo kunye neenombolo ecaleni kwegama ngalinye.
Bhala kwisithuba esingezantsi igama kunye/okanye inombolo yelungu lesitafu esingafundisiyo esinqwenela ukuba ngummeli kwiQela eliLawulayo kwesi sikolo.
c ngokugcwalisa ifomu NF1 yokumiswa onokuthi uyifumane kumPhathi woNyulo uze uyibuyisele kumPhathi woNyulo kungabi ngaphantsi kwemini enye phambi kokumiswa; okanye d ngokuceba ilungu lesitafu esingafundisiyo njengelungu ngexesha lentlanganiso yokumiswa, ngaphandle kokuba omnye utitshala ukho ukuxhasa ukumiswa kwaye agcwalise ifomu yokumiswa aze ayingenise kumPhathi woNyulo kwixesha lentlanganiso yokumiswa evunyelwe le njongo.
Umhla wokukhutshwa kwesaziso...
Ukutyikitywa ngumPhathi woNyulo...
Idilesi yomPhathi woNyulo...
UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka lenze uluhlu lwamagama amalungu ootitshala abamisiweyo nokokuba zingaphi iivoti onazo.
Bhala kwisithuba igama lalowo umnqwenela ukuba abe ngummeli kwiQela eliLawulayo kwesi sikolo.
Ukuze kunyulwe amalungu abazali kwiQela eliLawula isiKolo kufuneka kulungiswe irejista yabazali abanelungelo lokuvota abanafundi ababhalise esikolweni ngokusemthethweni.. le rejista iya kwenza uluhlu lokuvota.
Umntu owenza indima yomzali okanye umgcini ngokuphathelele kwimfundo yomfundi esikolweni.
Khawugqibezele le fomu uze uyibuyisele kwiNqununu yesikolo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ngaba awukho kwirejista yesikolo awusayi kuba nakho ukuvota okanye ukonyulwa njengomphathi wesikolo.
e ngokugcwalisa ifomu NF1 yokumiswa onokuthi uyifumane kumPhathi woNyulo uze uyibuyisele kumPhathi woNyulo kungabi ngaphantsi kwemini enye phambi kokumiswa; okanye f ngokuceba umzali njengelungu ngexesha lentlanganiso yokumiswa, ngaphandle kokuba omnye umzali ukho ukuxhasa ukumiswa kwaye agcwalise ifomu yokumiswa NF1 aze ayingenise kumPhathi woNyulo kwixesha lentlanganiso yokumiswa evunyelwe le njongo.
Umhla wokukhutshwa kwesaziso...
Ukutyikitywa ngumPhathi woNyulo...
Idilesi yomPhathi woNyulo...
Ukuba awukwazi kuya entlanganisweni ungonyula omnye umzali womfundi esikolweni ukuba akuvotele. Lo mntu ubizwa ngokuba ngumvoti ongummeli. IFomu (P3) yokuvota yommeli ifunyanwa kumPhathi woNyulo. Kufuneka igcwaliswe kwaye ithathwe ngumvoti ongummeli ayinike umPhathi woNyulo entlanganisweni.
Umvoti ongummeli unelungelo lokuvotela abanye abazali ababini.
Le fomu kufuneka inikwe umPhathi woNyulo ngumvoti ongummeli kubusuku bokuvota ukwenzela ukuba afumane ifomu yovoto. Umvoti ongummeli kufuneka abe ukho kwirejista yesikolo. Umvoti ongummeli kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba banazo izinto abanokuchongwa ngazo ngumPhathi woNyulo.
Eli candelo kufuneka ligcwaliswe ngumPhathi woNyulo.
Qwalasela ukuba umntu ocela ifomu yokuvota ngumntu onyulwe ngentla njengomvoti ongummeli.
Izizathu zokungakhutshwa kwefomu yokuvota...
Igama lomPhathi woNyulo...
Ukutyikitywa ngumPhathi woNyulo...
UmPhathi woNyulo kufuneka lenze uluhlu lwamagama amalungu abazali (kunye nenombolo ecaleni kwegama ngalinye) uze ubonise ukuba zingaphi iivoti onazo.
Bhala kwisithuba igama kunye/okanye inombolo yomzali/yabazali onqwenela ukuba abe ngummeli kwiQela eliLawulayo kwesi sikolo.
Iziphumo zonyulo lwabazali/ lootitshala/ lomfundi/ lesitafu esingafundisiyo (Cima apho ingasebenzi khona) lubanjwe nge (umhla)...
Kule mimiselo, ngaphandle kwenye imeko echazwayo ingingqi enikezelayo yingingqi yejografi emiselwe yiNtloko yeSebe ngeenjongo zokwamkela abafundi esikolweni.
isikolo esihlangeneyo sisikolo sikawonke-wonke esibonelela ngemfundo kumabanga aphantsi kwesigaba esisiseko, isigaba esiphakathi nesigaba esiphakamileyo sekharityhulamu.
ilungu elingutitshala ngutitshala oqeshwe kwisiko sikawonke-wonke okhethe ukuba abe kwiqela elilawula isikolo ngokuphathelele kule mimiselo.
ilungu elingumfundi ngumfundi obhalise ngokusesikweni kwisikolo sikawonke-wonke okhethelwe ukuba kwiqela elilawula isikolo ngokuphathelele kule mimiselo.
ilungu lilungu leqela elilawulayo elikhethwe ngokuphathelele kule mimiselo.
ifomu yokumiswa yifomu yokumiswa/yokumiselwa kwisiHlomelo 2.
ilungu lesitafu elingafundisiyo ngumntu ngaphandle kotitshala oqeshwe kwisikolo sikawonke-wonke lisebe lemfundo onyulelwe ukuba kwiqela elilawula isikolo ngokuphathelele kule mimiselo.
isikolo esiqhelekileyo sisikolo sikawonke-wonke ingesiso isikolo sikawonke-wonke esinabafundi abanezidingo ezithile zemfundo.
umzali ngumntu ophumelelisa izibophelelo zomzali okanye umondli kwaye onemfanelo kwimfundo yomfundi okwisikolo sikawonke-wonke.
isikolo samabanga aphantsi sisikolo sikawonke-wonke esibonelela ngemfundo kwisigaba esisiseko nakwisigaba esiphakathi (AmaBanga ukusuka kuLwamkelo ukuya kwiBanga lesi-6) ekharityhulamu kunye neBanga lesi-7 kwisigaba esiphakamileyo.
isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo siskolo sikawonke-wonke esibonelela ngemfundo ukusuka kwibanga lesibhozo ukuya kutsho kwibanga leshumi elinesibini.
iBhunga eliMele abaFundi liBhunga eliMele abaFundi elonyulwe ngokuphathelele kumgaqo- siseko elonelisa ubuncinane beemfuno ezimiselwe liLungu leKomti eLawulayo ngesaziso kwiGazette yePhondo.
UmThetho weziKolo zoMzantsi Afrika wenza malungiselelo okuba iqela elilawulayo lisekwe kuzo zonke izikolo zikawonke-wonke kuMzantsi Afrika uphela.
IsiKhokelo sokuSeka amaQela aLawula iziKolo simisela imimiselo neenkqubo ngokunxulumene kukusekwa kwamaqela alawulayo kwizikolo eziqhelekileyo kwiPhondo lasemNtla Koloni.
Yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa njengesalathisi nomthombo wokonyula amaqela alawula izikolo.
Intshayelelo ichaza indima yomPhathi woNyulo yokuseka amaqela alawula isikolo.
ICandelo lokuQala lichaza ubulungu, injongo, imisebenzi neemfanelo zeqela elilawula isikolo.
ICandelo lesiBini lichaza iinkqubo zokumiswa nokonyula amalungu eqela elilawula isikolo.
ICandelo lesiThathu linika izikhokelo ezisebenzayo zokubamba unyulo kwaye linika zonke izaziso neefomu ezifunekayo kwezi nkqubo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Uluhlu lwe-IPO lakwaTelkom (2001).txt</fn>
ANDREW: Yhee madoda! Bandihlasela macala onke nditsho noMphathiswa wezeziMali buqu!
ANDREW: (EZAMLA) Akwabe nje le nto ndiyenzayo ilungile.
PALESA: Tata, sesithethile kaloku ngale nto! Ufuna ingcebiso ezizizo ngemali yakho?
PALESA: Soze kaloku Tata unyanzelwe entweni ongayifuniyo. Into omawuyenze nje wena kukubuza imibuzo. Emva koko wenze isigqibo.
ANDREW: Ndizama ukuyifaka kutyalo-mali!
PALESA: Siyayiqonda loo ndawo! Into ayitshoyo kukuba ingaba ufuna ukuyifaka kutyalo-mali kuba kukho nto ithile ofuna ukuyithenga, efana nendlu okanye ishishini?
ANDREW: Umzi ndinawo. Neshishini ndinalo!
PALESA: Ngoku ke xa ngaba sele unayo indlu neshishini, kutheni ufuna ukufaka kutyalo-mali?
ANDREW: (BEAT - EPHOLILE) Kaloku ndifuna indlu engathi inkulu neshishini elithe tshitshilili, yaye andifuni imali yam ilahlekelwe lixabiso layo. Uthe yintoni kanene leyo?
ANDREW: Nantso ke, ndifuna ukulwa naloo inflleyishini. Yaye ndifuna imali yam ikhuseleke.
Yaye ndifuna nokongela umhlalaphantsi. Kunye nentwazana yam - xa kungavela nto ithile kum lingekafiki elo xesha.
PALESA: Awuboni ke. Nazo ke izinto eziphambili kuwe.
Eyokuqala: kukwenza ukuba imali yakho ikhule. Okwesibini: ukuba ikhuseleke: Okwesithathu: ukulwa ne-infleyishini. Okwesine: ukuzakhela imali yomhlalaphantsi xa sele umdala, kwaye Okwesihlanu: ibe kukuthenga iFerrari.
PALESA: Uthe uMnumzana Khumalo kufuneka wenze isigqibo kananjalo sokuba uza kutyala malini, ixesha elingakanani.
ANDREW: (OTHUKILE) Kodwa ndiqinisekile oko akuthethi ukuba imali yam iza kuvaleleka kwi-akhawunti ethile ndingaze ndikwazi ukuyikhupha, andithi?
PALESA: (NGOMONDE) Hayi Tata, akunjalo. Kodwa ke uphethe amawaka alishumi elinesixhenxe eerandi kulaa nkonkxa yeebhisikithi ongakhange uyichukumise eminyakeni emi -5 edlulileyo. Ngaphezulu ishishini lakho liqhuba kakuhle ngolona hlobo. Wamkela imali eyoneleyo ukuba singaphila ngayo lo gama uqhubela phambili ngokuyivalela. Kanti awusayi kuwafuna onke la ma-R17 000 ngexesha elinye. Enye ungayivalela ixesha elifutshane ze enye uyigcinele umhlalaphantsi wakho kwiminyaka engama-25 ezayo.
ANDREW: Kum ayivakali yonke le nto.
PALESA: Undibuzile kananjalo ukuba ukhe wanaye kusini na umcebisi wezezimali, le nto kuthiwa yiBroker okanye ukhe wathenga okanye wathengisa izabelo kusini na kwi stock exchange.
PALESA: Yhu-uh! Akwaba bendingathethanga nto. Masiyekele kuye tata akucacisele!
ANDREW: Tyhini Nkosikazi Ndlovu, torho nguwe k Hayi bethu nemoto yakho ayikalungi. Ndisaxakeke yiyo nIyadura na Apho ke kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuwe yintoni edurayo I (OTHUKILE NGOKUKHAWULEZA) Uthini na ngoku, mhlawumbi kuya kufuneka uhlawule ngezavenge?
ANDREW: Nkosikazi Ndlovu, ndilusizi kufuneka ndileqe kwenye into, ndinedinga endinalo. Masithethe kwakhona ngalo mbandela ngelinye ixesha, Kulungile EweiEweESala?
UMBALISI: Umnu. Chabeli unothotho lwemibuzo. Yaye akathembi mntu. Phofu ke siyayiqonda naleyo! Kaloku yimali yakhe le! Kule ntlanganiso uMnu. Chabeli waba nemibuzo emininzi ejoliswe kuMnu. Khumalo. Wayefuna ukwazi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyalo-mali, efuna ukwazi ukuba angayifaka njani na imali kutyalo-mali kwakunye nomngcipheko ongakho.
Chabeli, kufuneka okokuqala akhangele izinto eziphambili kuye, ze ke enze isigqibo sokuba angatyala malini na, kwaye ingalixesha elingakanani na eyityalile.
Ukuba awunandlu ethi wena, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyicingile kukuba uza kuzithengela indlu kuqala kusini na. Kodwa ke kufuneka kusoloko kukho imali ekhoyo ebhankini elinde ixesha likaxakeka, ekulula ukufikelela kuyo. Ukufaka imali kutyalo-mali sisigqibo sexesha elide, yaye awufuni ukusoloko utsala imali yakho kuba kufuneka ulungise umbhobho ogqabhukileyo!
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo omawuyikhumbule kukuba zonke iindlela zokutyala imali zinamanqanaba ohlukeneyo omngcipheko. Umzekelo, ukuba ugcina imali yakho ekhaya, ingabiwa okanye itshe nendlu, ukuba uyigcina ebhankini, loo bhanki ingawa, ukuba ikwizabelo, ixabiso lazo lingehla okanye loo nkampani ingawa.
Ndingathi ke nje, ukuba indlela otyale imali ngayo inomngcipheko, ingeniso kuyo inkulu ngolona hlobo, ukuze kaloku abantu babe nomdla wokuvalela kuyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba utyalo-mali lunika inzala ephezulu kakhulu, kufuneka uqonde ukuba nomngcipheko walo uthande ukuba phezulu kakhulu.
Esinye isifundo esibalulekileyo ekufuneka usikhumbule sesokuba ungaze ufake onke amaqanda akho kwibhasikithi enye. Umzekelo, xa ufaka yonke imali yakho kwizabelo zenkampani enye, ze iwe loo nkampani, uya kulahlekelwa yiyo yonke into onayo. Kungcono kakhulu ukuba imali yakho uyisasaze ukuze umngcipheko ube mncinane. Nantso ke enye yezinto ezilungileyo ongayifumana kwiingxowa-mali zotyalo-mali. Umcebisi- nebroker ebhalisiweyo angakucebisa ngezabelo, ngeebhondi neeyunithi trasti, akuncedise kananjalo ukuthenga nokuthengisa izabelo ngawona maxabiso mahle. Sisathetha ke ngeebroker, kufuneka ukhangele eyona ingabizi mali ininzi ngenkonzo ekunika yona.
Loo broker uyikhethileyo yiyo eya kukhetha istock market eza kuya kuso, nokukhangela ukuba zeziphi iinkampani ezinika amathuba amahle okutyala imali. Kuludwe olubanzi kangaka, angakugcinela imali yakho kweyona ndawo ilungileyo. Indlela otyala ngayo imali yakho ke iyakohluka kumntu ngamnye kuba kaloku kakade sohlukile singabantu. Abantu ngokwahlukana kwabo banezimali ezingalinganiyo abafuna ukuzifaka kutyalo-mali yaye banezidingo neenjongo ezahlukileyo.
Oyena ndoqo uyinzuzo luluhlu lotyalo-mali, xa kuthelekiswa notyalo-mali olunye, umngcipheko uyancipha. Njengoko besenditshilo ke ngaphambili, ukuba xa uthatha izabelo zendawo enye, ze ixabiso lazo lehle, ungalahlekelwa sisixa esivakalayo semali yakho. Kodwa ke ukuba uvalela kuludwe lwezabelo, ixabiso lazo alinakufane lehle nje kuzo zonke ngaxesha nye. Oku kwenza indlela otyala imali ngayo ibe yekhuselekileyo.
PALESA: Usenzile ke Tata isigqibo sokuyifaka kutyalo-mali imali yakho?
PALESA: Kwakuhle ke. Uza kuthini ke ngoku?
ANDREW: Andikaqiniseki ncam okwangoku. Kusekho izinto ezimbalwa ezingekandicaceli.
Ukufaka imali kutyalo-mali ayiyonto ungaziphosa nje kuyo okanye uzibone sele uphakathi kuyo Palesa mntanam.
PALESA: (EHLEKA) Kunjalo phofu Tata. Kunjalo ngenene.
ANDREW: (ESAQHUBA NGELAA LIZWI LINYE) Ndithe umcebisi wam wezezimali abuye kwakho kwiveki ezayo.
ANDREW: (EQHUBA ENELIZWI ALENZILEYO) Siyabulisa, kukwaChabeli's motor vehicle emporiumkLIYATSHINTSHA ILIZWI NGOKUKHAWULEZA Tyhini nguwe nkosikazi Ndlovu Intoni ke?
UMSASAZI: Kwisiqendu sesibini seNyuku time sifunde ngendlela ezifumanekayo zotyalo-mali, indlela ongenza ngazo ukuba umngcipheko ungabi mkhulu, kananjalo nangotyalo-mali lwexesha elide nolwexesha elifutshane.
I-Nyuku Time ziziqendu ezifutshane ezihlanu zemidlalo ethetha ngokunonophela imali yakho, (ukuyifaka kutyalo-mali) nokuyenza ikhule.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ulwazi lwabaqhubi zilori lokuqhuba ngokhuseleko.txt</fn>
Ulwazi lwabaqhubi zilori lokuqhuba ngokhuseleko, lwempilo entle nolokufika ekhaya usaphilile.
Le brotsha sisikhokelo sokukugcina ukwimpilo entle xa usendleleni.
Yijonge ngawo onke amaxesha unethuba.
Kwiindawo ezikufutshane nemida malunga nemibuzo ephathelel kwezempilo.
Nceda uthethe nabaqeqeshi abanobubele!
Bavuma yonke imibuzo enxulumene nempilo yakho.
Ukuba uqesha abaqhubi zilori, unezinto ofanele ukubenzela zona.
Uyakwazi ukuqeqesha abaqeshwa bakho malunga nepolisi yempilo?
Uyabonelela ngolwazi lwezempilo neekhondom?
Uyabavumela abaqhubi bahambe nomhlobo xa thabatha uhambo olude?
Uyababonelela abaqhubi bakho ngeeglavu zakwaLatex ekufuneka bazinxibe ukuba bancedisa umntu owenzakeleyo?
Thatha ithuba lakho uphendule lemibuzo ilandelayo.
Abantu abagulayo kwiindawo zabucala bangosulela abanye abantu xa belele nabo kwaye basemngciphekweni wokusulelwa yiHIV.
Ingaba umhlobo wam unazo?
Ingaba umhlobo wakho unokungcola okuphumayo?
Ukuba ewe, wenza ntoni?
Ukuba ewew, wena nomhlobo wakho okanye abahlobo bakho mabafumane icebo likagqirha kwisibhedlele, ekliniki okanye kwikliniki yasecaleni kwendlela.
Kuba kulula ukufumana unyango lweSTD.
Ingaba uyazi ngeeYunithi zoLwazi ngezeMpilo zasecaleni kwendlela?
Ingaba ndiyaphi ukuze ndifumane uncedo xa ndithe ndagula ndiseluhambeni endleleni?
Endleni yakho ungaya nakusiphi na isibhedlele sikarhulumanete, ikliniki okanye ugqirha. Kodwa ke kunzima ukushiya indlela ethe ngqo. Kwakhona kunzima ukumisa ilori yakho emini uze uyishiye ithuba elide.
Ikhona enye indlela!
Linga enye yeeYunithi zoLwazi ngezeMpilo zaseCaleni lendlela.
Zinamanesi anobubele aqeqesiweyo kwaye ungafumana icebiso kumntu oqeqeshelwe ukufundisa ngezempilo nangayiphi na ingxaki yokugula. Unagamisa ilori yakho ekliniki kwaye unakho nokufowuna ebusuku.
Ingaba iiKliniki zaseCaleni lendlela zinaluphi uncedo?
Lonke uncedo kwiikliniki zasecaleni lendlela luyafihlwa. Inkampani yakho okanye umqeshi wakho akasayi kwazi ukuba ukhe watyelele enye yezi kliniki.
Zonke ezi kliniki zasecaleni lendlela zivuliwe ukususela kwangoko emalanga kude kube sebusuku, phakathi evekini.
La maxesha alunge abalungele abaqhubi zilori abaxakeke kangangokuba kunzima ukumisa ngexesha lasemini.
IiYunithi zoLwazi zeMpilo zaseCaleni lendlela/iiKliniki zimi kwiindawo eziboniswe kule mephu.
Zinamanesi anobubele aqeqesiweyo kwaye ungafumana icebiso kumntu oqeqeshelwe ukufundisa ngezempilo nangayiphi na ingxaki yokugula. Ungamisa ilori yakho ekliniki kwaye unakho nokufowuna ebusuku.
Ikliniki zeMpilo nolwazi eSA ziliphulo leRFA, NBC neSebe lezeMpilo leSizwe.
Amehlo akho axilongwe.
Ukuba ube ungakwazi ukufunda zonke izandi, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wamehlo uze ufumane uxilongo lwamehlo olwenziwe ngobuchule.
Xa unesithukuthezi, ukhumbula ekhaya kwaye ukhumbula obathandayo...
Uchitha ixesha elide ukude nekhaya kwaye kukho amaxesha apho ukhumbula ikhaya ukhululekile ekhayeni lakho kunye nobathandayo.
Iziqhamo nemifuno ziyawomeleza umzimba zikunike amandla amaninzi. Zama ukuba ungatyi ukutya okunamafutha nokutyebisayo.
Ukulala elorini akusoloko kumnandi njalo KODWA ukulala ngokwaneleyo kuncedisa ukuba usebenze ukwelona qondo liphezulu.
Ukolula imilenze nokuzivonya umzimba amathuba ngamathuba kukwenza uhlale uphaphamile. Ukuphuma elorini nako kwenza ukuba uvuselele ingqondo yakho kwaye uphumle.
Impilo - ukuphakama uhambe!
Nakuba zingekho ninzi iindawo zokumisa iilori ezineshawa neendawo zokuhlamba, zama ukuhlamba yonke imihla. Ukuzigcina ucocekile akulungelanga impilo yakho kuphela; kukwenza nawe uzive udlamkile kwaye ukhululekile.
Apha endleleni ulindelwe bubungozi obuninzi. Abaqhubi maxa wambi bayakhuthuzwa baze baxhinyiswe njengoko usazi.
Ngoko ke lumka usoloko ukulindele ukuthintela ingozi.
Ayichanekanga Awungeze wosulelwe yiHIV xa uqhuba nomntu oneHIV emzimbeni wakhe. Ungayifumana iAIDS kuphela xa ulalana nomntu oneHIV ungakhuselekanga okanye xa uthe wahlanagan negazi elosulelekileyo.
Ayichanekanga Alikho ichiza lokunyanga iAIDS. Ugqirhs akakwazi ukuyinyanga. Ixhwele alikwazi ukuyinyanga. Akukho mntu unokuyinyanga. Ukuba wosulelekile kufuneka ufumane amachiza athileakhethiweyo namacebiso onyango athile.
Inyanisile Umfazi okhulelweyo oneHIV/AIDS angamosulela umntwana wakhe ngentsholongwane ekuzalweni kwakhe naxa emncancisa ibele. Kubalulekile ukuba abafazi abakhulelweyo baxilongelwe iAIDS. Banokufumana uncedo kwikliniki zabakhulelweyo. Olu ncedo luya umntwana amathuba angcono.
Ayichanekanga Awukwazi ukubona ukuba umntu wosulelekile yiHIV. Abantu bangajongeka bonwabile kwaye benganamaxhala, kodwa babe beneHIV. Kwelinye icala, abantu abajongeka bebhityile begula kungenzeka babe abosulelwanga yintsholongwane. Kukuxilongelwa iAIDS okunokukuxelela ukuba ingaba unayo na intsholongwane emzimbeni wakho, okanye ukuba awosulelekanga.
Inyanisile Ukuba ufunyaniswe uneHIV ayisosiphelo sendlela eso. Unokuphila ixesha elide kwaye unokuqhubeka uqhuba. Kodwa kuya kufuneka usoloko usiya kufumana amancedo onyango. Kuza kufuneka ufunde ukutya ngendlela efanelekileyo kwaye uqhelise umzimba njalo, kwaye kufuneka ungaseli okanye utshaye.
Inyanisile Abantu abanezifo kwiindawo zabo zangasese (STD) banokosuleleka lula yiHIV ngexesha belalana bengakhuselekanga nomntu owosulelwe yiHIV. Abahlobo babo abalalana nabo basemngciphekweni wokosulelwa yiHIVAIDS. Ukuba uneSTD, fumana uncedo lonyango ngokukhawuleza. IiSTD zinokunyangwa ngaphandle kweendleko okanye iintlungu. Thetha phandle nomntu olalana naye (okanye abahlobo) ngengxaki yakho kwaye ubakhuthaze ukuba bathethe ngayo?
Ufumene zangaphi ezichanekileyo kuvavanyo?
Ulwazi lwakho ngeHIV/AIDS lulungile kwaye uyazi ukuba ungazikhusela kanjani ukuba ungosulelwa.
Nakuba kunjalo, qiniseka ukuba awubandekanyeki ekulalaneni ngaphandle kokhuseleko.
Unixanduva lokwabelana ngolwazi lwakho nabanye abaqhubi abanokufuna amacebiso akho.
Jonga iimpendulo ongazichananga. Qiniseka ukuba awubandanyeki ekulalaneni ngaphandle kokhuseleko. Kufuneka ubenoxanduva olukhulu. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba le nto uyenzayo ayikufaki emngciphekweni wokosulelwa.
Kufuneka ufune ulwazi olungaphezulu kolu. Iindawo olukuzo ulwazi nazi: abaqeshi, iikliniki, izibhedlele, iYunithi Zolwazi eCaleni lendlela, Amancedo efowuni eAIDS.
Abazi ukuba bosulelwe. Thetha phandle nomhlobo wakho malunga nomngcipheko wokosulelwa yiAIDS.
Ukuba usela utywala okanye utshaya intsangu ungangakwazi ukuziphatha. Ungavuma lula ukulala kwaye kungalula ukuba ulibale ukusebenzisa ikhondom. Ewe, uyazi ukuba akufunekanga uqhube xa usele ukuba usela utywala okanye utshaya intsangu. Kufuneka usoloko uphethe iikhondom kuwe. Awazi ukuba ungahlangana nabani na, okanye ukuba ungeva njani na. Awusoloko usazi ukuba ningagqibela nisenza ntoni na.
Kufuneka usoloko usebenzisa ikhondom ukuba awazi okanye awumthembi umhlobo wakho, kwaye ungaze uye kubantu abathengis ngokulala ungenayo ikhondom.
Ungazithenga iikhondom ekhemisti, esuphamakethi, okanye kumaziko epetroli. Ungazifumana simahla kwiiYunithi zoLwazi noNyango ezisecaleni leNdlela, kwiikliniki nasezibhedlele. Sebenzisa iikhondom ngendlela eyiyo. Jonga imiyalelo.
Luxilongo lwaselebhu kuphela olunokubonisa ukuba uneHIV okanye awunayo iHIV. Kulungile ukulwenza olu xilongo nokufumanisa ukuba ingaba unayo okanye awunayo iHIV/AIDS. Oku kuyawasusa amaxhala okungaqiniseki. Kukwakunceda nasekubeni ucwangcise ubomi bakho ngendlela.
Ungaxilongwa ekliniki okanye esibhedlele okanye ungafuna ugqirha wabucala akuxilonge. Abacebisi ababodwa nabachubekileyo baya kuthetha nawe wedwa kwaye ngasese phambi kokuba uthathe olu xilongo nasemva kokuba uzifumene iziphumo. Iziphumo zoxilongo ziya kunikwa wena kuphela. Akukho mntu wumbi oya kwazi ngolu xilongo. Uxilongo lusoloko lefumaneka simahla.
Unoxanduva lomfazi wakho, abantwana bakho, abahlobo namanye amalungu osapho lwakho.
Kubalulekile ukuba uyikhathalele impilo yosapho lwakho kwaye ungamosuleli ngezifo ezifana neSTD okanye iHIV/AIDS umfazi wakho.
Ukuba noxanduva kuthetha ukuba ubakhathalele abafazi olala nabo. Qiniseka ukuba awubosuleli ngezifo kwaye ulumke ungafumani izifo kubo.
Hamba uye kuxoxa ngempilo nokhuseleko nabahlobo bakho. Mhlawumbi nabo balifundile eli nqakwana kwaye bafuna ukuthetha.
Qiniseka ukuba ilori yakho igcinwe kakuhle. Ukhuseleko lwakho lubalulekile, kwaye ukhuseleko luxhomekeke kwiloro ekwisimo sokufaneleka ukuba ihambe endleleni.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Ulwazi nge-Arthritis.txt</fn>
Ilungu yinxenye yomzimba apho ithambo elinye liye ligudleke kwelinye ithambo. Amathambo amabini adityaniswe yimisipha, egcina amathambo esendaweni ngexa izihlunu zisoluleka ziphinde zibe zifutshane ukwenza ukuba ilungu lishukume.
Ekupheleni kwethambo kukho umaleko wentlala. Intlala ikhona phakathi kwelungu. Intlala ikhusela amathambo ukuba angakhuhlani kwaye isebenza njenge-shock absorber.
Isithuba esikumalungu ngumngxuma welungu oqulethe ulwelo lwe-synovial. Olu lwelo luthambisa ilungu kwaye linike isondlo kwilungu nakwintlala.
Ukushukuma kwelungu kwenzeka xa isihlunu sifinyela sitsala umsipha, oye ke ushukimise amathambo amabini ukuba asondelelane okanye elinye liye kude kunelinye.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-ARTHRITIS. Kukho izifo ezingaphezulu kwekhulu ezinokubanga i-arthritis.
I-RA sisifo umntu anokuphila naso kwaye sichaphazela wonke umzimba sinemvakalo jikelele yokuziva ungaphilanga. Iimpawu ezingundoqo kukudumba, ukuba bomvu, ubushushu kunye neentlungu kumalungu. I-RA ngesiqhelo okokuqala ibonakala kumalungu amancinane eenyawo, izandla kunye nasezihlahleni. Iye ke ngoko idlulele kumalungu amakhulu-eengqiniba, emagxalabeni nasemadolweni. Xa i-RA isiba mandundu, amalungu aye abe nobulima kwaye aqine kakhulu ukuba ashukume.
I-Osteoarthritis (OA) yimeko eziphumo zayo zingavela ekukrazukeni nasekugugeni kwamalungu afana namadolo, iinyonga neminwe, okanye inokuvela ekonzakaleni. Esi sisifo samalungu kuphela, kwaye asichaphazeli umzimba wonke. I-OA ichaphazela zonke iinxenye zelungu ibange iintlungu nokuqina okukhulu, ingakumbi emva kokusebenzisa umzimba.
I-Gout sisifo senguquko yokutya emzimbeni edluliswa lufuzo olosulelayo lonobangela ongaziwayo.
I-arthritis inokuchaphazela nabani na. Ezinye iintlobo ze-arthritis kumaxa amaninzi zinokwenzeka kumalungu osapho lomntu one- arthritis.
I- arthritis ichaphazela abantu abakwiminyaka yonke, kuqukwa nabantwana.
I-Secondary arthritis ixhaphake kubantu abatsha, amabhinqa namadoda, kwaye inxulunyaniswa nezinto ezifana nosulelo, imidlalo okanye ukwenzakala.
I-osteoarthritis ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala.
Yehlisa ubunzima ukuba utyebile, okanye utyebe ngokugqithisileyo; yolula izihlunu ngokuzilolonga; buphephe utywala nokutya okuthile.
Ukusetyenziswa kwesikhuseli sokubopha ithambo elaphukileyo, nokokuphoba idolo neqatha, intonga yokuhamba, iintonga ohamba ngazo xa uqhwalela kunye nezinye izinto ziyazinceda izigulane, kodwa ke kuxhomekeka ekubeni ngawaphi amalungu abandakanyekayo kunye nokuba mkhulu komonakalo welungu.
Amachiza e-Non-steriodal anti-inflammatory alunge kakhulu ekunciphiseni iintlungu, ukuqina kunye nokudumba kwamalungu.
Ukuba ngaba isigulane sinomonakalo ongamandla kwilungu inokuba yimfuneko ke ngoko ukuba senziwe uqhaqho ukudambisa iintlungu kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwelungu. Ngamanye amaxesha uqhaqho luyafuneka ukuthintela umonakalo ongaphaya kwilungu.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_UmThetho (1995).txt</fn>
INombolo yama-58 ka-1995: UMTHETHO WABAGUNYAZISI BAMAVA OMZANTSI AFRIKA, 1995.
Ukuba ulungiselele uphuhliso kunye nophunyezo lweSakhelo samava eSizwe kwaye ngale njongo ukuseka abaGunyazisi baMava oMzantsi Afrika; kunye nokulungiselela imiba eqhagamsheleneyo.
"inkampani" ithetha inkampani okanye i-close corporation ebhaliswe phantsi kwawo nawuphi na umthetho, onika imfundo okanye uqeqesho kubasebenzi okanye abaxhasi bayo; (v).
d. Ukhawulezisa ukulungisa ucalu-calulo lwangaphambili obelungalunga kwimfundo, uqeqesho kunye namathuba engqesho; kunye e. Nokufaka isandla kuphuhliso olupheleleyo lomfundi ngamnye kunye nophuhliso lwentlalo noqoqosho lwesizwe ngokubanzi.
Kuya sekwa ke ngoku umntu onolwazi oluphangaleleyo ngomthetho ekuthiwa ngumGunyazisi waMava oMzantsi Afrika.
abagunyazisi baya kuba nosihlalo oya kuqeshwa ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana , amalungu anjalo njengoko eya kuqeshwa ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana kunye nele- , kunye negosa eliyintloko eliya kuqeshwa ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana.
uMphathiswa uyakuqesha umntu onamava kunye nobugcisa kwimicimbi enxulumene nemisebenzi yabaGunyazisi, ukuba abe ngusihlalo wabagunyazisi.
r. amalungu angekho ngaphezulu kwesibini amkelwe njengamalungu abagunyazisi ngokwengqiqo yabo kwaye ekwenziwe izindululo ngawo kuMphathiswa ukuba aqeshwe.
Ngenjongo yokufuna ulonyulo njengoko kucamngciwe kwicandelwana 3, uMphathiswa uya kunika isaziso kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni ngenjongo yakhe yokuqesha amalungu abaGunyazisi, kwaye uyakucela nawuphi na umbutho okanye iqumrhu kwimimandla ekubhekiselwe kuyo kwicandelwana 3 ukuba ingenise amagama abagqatswa abanokufaneleka ngenxa yamava kunye nobuchule babo kwimiba enxulumene nemisebenzi yabaGunyazisi kwaye ukungeniswa kwamagama abagqatswa aya kuthathelwa ingqalelo kuya kunikwa umthetho-siseko womelo.
Ngenjongo yolonyulo olucamngciweyo kumhlathi n wecandelwana 3, nawuphi na umbutho okanye imanyano ayiyi kwenza ngaphezulu konyulo olunye.
Ilungu labaGunyazisi kukhutshelwa ngaphandle igosa elilawulayo, liya kubamba i-ofisi ixesha elingayi kudlula kwiminyaka emithathu, njengoko uMphathiswa enokumisela ngexesha lengqesho yalo kwaye ilungu lisenokuphinde liqashwe ixesha elingaphaya le-ofisi xa ixesha lalo lokuqala liphela.
uMphathiswa uyakuthathela ingqalelo imimiselo yecandelwana 3, xa egcwalisa nasiphi na isithuba.
Amalungu acamngciweyo kumacandelwana 2 nele 3 aya kuqesha umntu ofanelekileyo ukuba abe ligosa elilawulayo, ngemvume yoMphathiswa, ngeemeko zenkonzo ezinokumiselwa ngabagunyazisi ngemvume yoMphathiswa, enikwe ngemvumelwano yoMphathiswa wezeMali.
aa. bhaliso lwamaqumrhu eyimfanelo yawo ukuseka imigangatho yemfundo noqeqesho okanye iziqinisekiso; kunye bb.
Amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ungqinelwano nolungiselelo lokuqinisekiswa; kunye iv.
b. ukuhlola amagosa kunye nabasebenzi babaGunyazisi; kunye c. kuba ligosa elibalayo labaGunyazisi eliya kubala iimali ezifunyenweyo, iintlawulo ezenziweyo kunye nempahla enokususwa ethengwe ngabaGunyazisi.
Igosa elilawulayo liyakuncediswa ekwenzeni imisebenzi yalo ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana 1 ngamagosa kunye nabasebenzi abanjalo babaGunyazisi njengoko igosa elilawulayo linokonyulela le njongo.
Amagunya abaGunyazisi a. abagunyazisi banokuseka iikomiti kwaye baqeshe abantu abangasingawo amalungu abaGunyazisi kwiikomiti.
b. Abagunyazisi baya kuqesha usihlalo wekomiti nganye.
c. Abagunyazisi banokuyiphelisa okanye bayimise ikomiti.
d. Abagunyazisi bunokunikezela ngawo nawaphi na amagunya, kukhutshwa ngaphandle amagunya ekubhekiselelwe kuwo kweli candelo, kuzo naziphi na iikomiti zabo, kodwa zingahluthwa amagunya anikezelweyo kwaye banokulurhoxisa unikezelo olunjalo ngalo naliphi na ixesha e. Abagunyazisi banokulungisa okanye babekele ecaleni nasiphi na isigqibo sekomiti enjalo.
abagunyazisi banokusombulula iimbambano ezinxulumene nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yabo ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kwicandelo lesi-5.
abagunyazisi banokuzuza kwaye bagqibe ngempahla abagunyazisi banokwenza ukuba kwenziwe uphando ukuba babona ukuba kubalulekile oko ekwenzeni kwabo imisebenzi yabo.
abagunyazisi banokwenza nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi onokunikezelwa nguMphathiswa obalulekileyo kwiSakhelo saMava eSizwe.
Iintlanganiso zabaGunyazisi okanye ikomiti ziyakubanjwa ngamaxesha kunye nendawo enjalo njengoko kuya kumiselwa ngusihlalo wabagunyazisi okanye ikomiti.
Iinkqubo zabaGunyazisi okanye ikomiti aziyi kungabikho mthethweni ngenxa yesizathu sesithuba kubaGunyazisi, njengoko kunokubanjalo.
Ukuba ngaba usihlalo wabagunyazisi okanye wekomiti akakho kuyo nayiphi na intlanganiso yabaGunyazisi okanye yekomiti, njengoko kunokuba njalo, amalungu akhoyo aya kukhetha phakathi kwawo umntu oya kuchophela loo ntlanganiso.
abagunyazisi banokumisela imithetho enxulumene neenkqubo kwiintlanganiso zabo okanye kwiintlanganiso zekomiti, kuqukwa nekoram kwiintlanganiso ezinjalo.
d. uyarhoxa ngesaziso esibhalelwe uMphathiswa; okanye e. ngexesha lokuhlala kwakhe e-ofisini, ufunyenwe enetyala kwaye agwetyelwe ukuvalelwa ejele ngaphandle kokunikwa isohlwayo.
d. amalizo, imirhumo okanye imali eselungelweni efunyenwe ngabagunyazisi; kunye e. nenzalo yotyalo-mali.
abagunyazisi bayakuyisebenzisa imali yalo ekuhlawuleni iindleko zamatyala ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yabo.
a abagunyazisi ngexesha elibekiweyo kunye nangendlela ebekiweyo njengoko uMphathiswa enokumisela, kunyaka mali ngamnye, buyakungenisa ingxelo yengqikelelo yengeniso kunye nenkcitho yalo yonyaka olandelayo ukuba ivunywe nguMphathiswa.
b Iimali ezicamngciweyo kwicandelwana 1 a ziyakusetyenziswa ngabagunyazisi ngokungqinelana nengxelo evunyiweyo ekubhekiselwe kuyo kumhlathi a, kwaye nayiphina intsalela engasetyenziswanga iya kusiwa phambili njengekhredithi kunyaka mali olandelayo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kulungiselelo lwecandelwana 3b, abagunyazisi banokwenza utyalo mali ngayo nayiphi na inxenye yemali yalo ngendlela enokuvunywa nguMphathiswa, ngemvumelwano noMphathiswa wezeMali.
a. ekunikweni kwayo nayiphi na imvume okanye ukuqinisekiswa; kwaye b. ngazo naziphi na iinkonzo ezinikwe liziko.
Amagosa kunye nabasebenzi babaGunyazisi abagunyazisi, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zenkonzo ezimiselwe abagunyazisi ngemvume yoMphathiswa kunye nesivumelwano soMphathiswa wezeMali, banokuqesha amagosa kunye nabasebenzi abanjalo njengoko abagunyazisi benokucingela ukuba kufanelekile ekwenzeni imisebenzi yabo ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho.
a. imali yokuhamba enjalo, imali yokumphilisa kunye nenye imali evunyelweyo; kwaye b. kusihlalo wabaGunyazisi, umvuzo owongezelelekileyo onjalo, unokumiselwa nguMphathiswa ngesivumelwano noMphathiswa wezeMali.
Iincwadi ze-akhawunti kunye neengxelo zemali zabaGunyazisi ziyakuphicothwa ekupheleni konyaka mali ngamnye nguMphicothi-ziNcwadi Jikelele.
abagunyazisi abayi kungenisa kuMphathiswa ingxelo ngendlela emiselwe nguMphathiswa yemisebenzi yabo ngexesha lonyaka mali, kuqukwa nengxelo ephicothiweyo yokuba yimalini engenileyo kwaye iyimalini ephumileyo kunye nengxelo yengeniso nenkcitho kungadlulanga iinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuphela konyaka mali ngamnye.
uMphathiswa uya kucalula iikopi zengxelo, kuqukwa nokuba yimalini engenileyo nokuba yimalini na ephumileyo kunye nengxelo yengeniso nenkcitho ekubhekiselwe kuyo kwicandelwana 2, ePalamente kwiintsuku ezili-14 emva kokuba ifunyenwe ukuba ngaba iPalamente ikwixesha leengxoxo eliqhelekileyo, okanye ukuba ngaba iPalamente ayikho kwixesha eliqhelekileyo leengxoxo, kwiintsuku ezili-14 emva kokuqala kwexesha layo leengxoxo eliqhelelikeyo elilandelayo.
b. imali ezihlawulwa kubaGunyazisi ngokunxulumene nemicimbi ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kwicandelo le-10 (a) kunye no(b); kwaye c. nawuphi na omnye umcimbi umthetho obalulekileyo kuwo okanye oncedayo ukwenza ukuba kusebenze ulungiselelo lwalo mThetho.
Naliphi na iqumrhu elisekwe ngokomThetho elenza imisebenzi efanayo naleyo yenziwa ngabagunyazisi njengoko kunikiwe kwicandelo lesi-5 liyakuqhuba lisenza lmisebenzi enjalo de iqumrhu liyekiswe okanye imisebenzi yalo itshintshwe ngumthetho.
Akukho qumrhu licamngciweyo kwicandelwana 1 liya kuyekiswa okanye imisebenzi yalo naliphi na iqumrhu elinjalo iyakutshintshwa de abagunyazisi nequmrhu bakuphononongile ngokuhlanganyelana okunokwenzeka ngokuyekiswa okanye ngotshintsho kunye nokuphunyezwa kweSakhelo saMava eSizwe kwaye kwenziwe izindululo kuMphathiswa.
Eli candelo aliyi kusebenza kulo naliphi na iqumrhu elisekwe ngomthetho wabucala weDyunivesiti.
Lo mThetho kuya kuthiwa ngumThetho waMava oMzantsi Afrika, 1995.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Umntu oLawula uMbane weSizwe.txt</fn>
Ukulawula ishishini lamandla ngokungqinelana nemithetho karhulumente, imigaqo-nkqubo, ukuziqhelanisa okungcono okusemgangathweni nokwezizwe ekuxhaseni uphuhliso olugciniweyo.
Umntu oLawula uMbane weSizwe (NER) ngumlawuli ogunyazisiweyo ngaphezu kweShishini eliNikeza ngoMbane (ESI) eMzantsi Afrika. Liqela elimiswe ngokomthetho, elizinziswe ngokoMthetho woMbane No. 41 ka-1987 njengoko ulungisiwe ngo-1994 nango-1995.
Ukulawula ishishini lamandla ngokungqinelana n nemithetho karhulumente, imigaqo-nkqubo, ukuziqhelanisa okungcono okusemgangathweni nokwezizwe ekuxhaseni uphuhliso olugciniweyo.
Ukuba abeyinkokheli esemgangathweni wehlabathi ukumisa kakuhle amandla.
UMthetho woMbane No. 41 ka-1987 njengoko ulungisiwe ugunyazisa iNER phakathi kwezinye izinto ukuba isombulule iimpikiswano phakathi kwababoneleli bombane nabathengi bawo, kwakunye naphakathi kwababoneleli ngokunokwabo.
Ukuba wawungonwabanga yindlela umboneleli ngombane wakho aziphatha ngayo izikhalazo zakho, iNER ingakunceda.
Ingaba hlobo luni lwezikhalazo iNER engakunceda ngazo?
Ingaba kufuneka wenze ntoni?
Sinikeze zonke iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo zesikhalazo.
Bonke abanikezeli basekuhlaleni fanele banikwe iphepha-mvume nguNER. Akukho mboneleli wombane wasekuhlaleni onelungelo lokwenza nelokunikela ngombane kubathengi ngaphandle kwemvume kaNER.
Abanikezeli basekuhlaleni bangangawatshintshi amaphepha-mvume wabo okunikezela ngombane kuye namphi umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni ngaphandle kwemvume kaNER.
Umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni akanalungelo lokuxabisa abathengi kuluhlu lwamaxabiso angavunywanga yiNER okanye ukutshintsha ulwakhiwo ngaphandle kwemvume yeNER. Abathengi ngoko ke baya kuba ngaphakathi kwamalungelo abo ukuqhubekeka nokubhatala uluhlu lwamaxabiso oluvunyiweyo nangona uluhlu lwamaxabiso amatsha angekho mthethweni ezalisekisiwe ngumnikezeli wasekuhlaleni.
Umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni unomsebenzi wokunikezela ngombane kuye namphi umntu okanye kuyo nayiphi indawo engingqini yakhe yokunikezelwa ngaphandleni kokuba umthengi ukwimeko kwaye uyafuna ukuhlawulela inkonzo enikezwayo.
Umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni unomsebenzi wokuxelela abathengi bakhe malunga nokwenyuka koluhlu lwamaxabiso, uluhlu lwamaxabiso awohlukeneyo okunikezela ngombane kwaye ingaba asebenza njani ukwenzela babe nokwenza isigqibo esixeliweyo xa besenza isicelo sesinikezelo. Nceda qaphela kwakho ukuba abathengi kwelinye icala baneemfanelo zokubuza malunga noluhlu lwamaxabiso anokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo.
Kwimeko yabathengi abahlawula ngaphambili, umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni unemfanelo yokunikela iziko lokuthengisa apho imiqondiso wombane unokuthengiswa. Amaziko okuthengisa fanele abenokufumaneka lula.
Aneemfanelo zokuqinisekisa ukuba iziko lokuthengisa livuliwe ngexesha lamaxesha okuthenga esiqhelo ngeentsuku zeveki, ukusukela ngo-8:00 ukuya ku-12:00 ngeempelaveki nangeeholide zikawonkewonke.
Umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni unomsebenzi wokunikeza unikezelo lombane oluthembekileyo noluqhubekekayo kubathengi bayo nemfanelo yokugcina unxibelelwano ukuqinisekisa ubulunga bonikezolo lwesinikezelo.
I-akhawunti yenyanga ichaza ngokuthe gca inani leeyunithi ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Isifundo sesixhobo sokulinganisa esichaza ngokuthe gca isifundo sokuvula nesokuvala sexesha le-akhawunti kwaye itshajele iiyunitsi ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Kwimeko apho kuqikelelwa usebenziso lomthengi lusenziwa, i-akhawunti mayikubonise oku, kwaye nasiphi na isambuku esibhatelwe kakhulu ngumthengi ngexesha eliqikelelweyo fanele linikezelwe kwi-akhawunti yomthengi.
Kwimeko apho umthengi ephikisana , umthengi angacela umnikezeli ukuba avavanye ucoselelo lwesixhobo sokulinganisa umbanemalunga nomrhumo oza kuthi ubuyiswe ngumnikezeli xa ngaba isixhobo sokulinganisa umbane sifunyenwe singachanekanga.
Kwimeko yempikiswano, bubulumko kumthengi ukuqhubekeka nokubhatala kusetyenziso ukuphepha ukungahlanagnisa njengayo nayiphi na enye intawulo eqgithisileyo enokuthi iphinde ibuyiselwe kamva.
Umthengi unomsebenzi wokuqaphelaumnikezelei wasekuhlaleni xa esusa indlu, oknye efuna ukuyeka ukunikezela, okanye eyitshintshela kwidilesi entsha.
Umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni unomsebenzi wokwenza iinkqubo zemfundo yomthengi zibe kwicala elikhuselekileyo, elikhutheleyo nelinesiphumo eisetyenziswa embaneni okanye kuyo nayiphi na into encedisayo ekunikezeleni ngombane onokwandisa ulwazi lwabathengi nosetyenziso lombane.
Umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni naye unomsebenzi wokuxelela abathengi malunga noluhlu lwamaxabiso ohlukeneyo okurhafa ukuba asebenza njani ungquzulwano lawo nokufanela.
Umthengi unelungelo lokukhalaza malunga nobulunga benkonzo enikezwa ngumnikeli wasekuhlaleni.
Ukuba umthengi wayengonelisekanga ziziphumo okanye yindlela apho isikhalazo siphethwe ngayo, umthengi angabhekiselela kwiNER ukuncedakala.
Umthengi uthembekile ukwenza umxokelelwano weengcingo zombane nokufakela umbane endlini yomthengi okanye umhlali okanye ipropati.
Yintembeko yomthengi ukufuna iinkonzo zencutshe yombane efanelekileyo ukwenza ufakelo oluyimfuneko.
Umthengi unemfanelo yokuqinisekisa isingqini sencutshe yombane nobunyani besiqinisekiso esikhutshelwe umsebenzi omawenziwe.
Imfanelo yomthengi malunga nonikezelo luyanda ukusuka ngaphandle ukuya ngaphakathi kwepropati. Nayiphi na into eyenzeka (ngaphaya kwesixhobo esilinganisa umbane) ngaphandle kwemida yepropati yomthengi yimfanelo yomnikezeli wasekuhlaleni onamaphepha emvume. (Umthengi uthembekile kwizixhobo zonke ezingaphakathi kwipropati ngaphandle okokuba ukhutshelwe ecaleni ngokukodwa kwisivumelwano sesigqibo.
Umthengi fanele abenesiQinisekiso esisemthethweni sokuVumelana esikhutshwe yincutshe yombane efanelekileyo nebhalisiweyo efakelayo okanye ehlolayo endlwini.
Umthengi unelungelo lokukhalaza kwiNER xa ngaba umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni onamaphepha emvume ale okanye alibazise ngokungafanelekanga ukuxhasa ngombane ngaphandle kokunikezela inkcazelo eqinisekisayo.
Umthengi unomsebenzi wokubhatalela umbane wakhe awusebenzisileyo ngamaxesha onke (ngaphakathi kwixesha elimisiweyo).
Umthengi unelungelo lokukhalaza kumnikezeli wasekuhlaleni onephepha mvume ukuba umthengi akonwabanga bubulunga benkonzo ezuzwayo.
Ukuba umthengi akonelisekanga yindlela apho isikhalazo siphethwe ngayo, umthengi unelungelo lokumangalela isikhalazo kwiNER oza kuthi aphande umcimbi ngokumela umthengi.
Ekungeneleni kwisigqibo esisayiniweyo nomnikezeli onempepha mvume sokunikezela, fanele abhatale idiphozithi njengoko imisiwe ngumnikezeli wasekuhlaleni onempepha mvume ngaphambi kokuba udityaniso luchaphazeleke.
Umthengi unemfanelo yokunxibelelana nomnikezeli wasekuhlaleni ukuba umthengi ubesoloko engafumani zi-akhawunti zenyanga.
Umthengi unemfanelo yokuyokukhusela oomatshini, izixhobo zombane okanye nasiphi na isixhobo esibuthathaka ngokuchasene ukuza ngamandla kombane.
Apho uqhubekeko lokunikezelwa lufuneka umthengi unemfanelo lokufakela isinikezeli esihlala silindile.
Ukuphazamiseka kokunikezelwa ngamanye amaxesha kombane kungangabinakunqandwa, umthengi unemfanelo yokuthatha imilinganiselo efanelekileyo kokuchasana neziphumo.
Yintoni ukuphinda uthengise umbane?
Ukuphinda kuthengiswe umbane kuxa into ekhoyo ukuludwe lwesinikezelo esithenga umbane nesambuku ukusuka kumnikezeli kwaye aphinde awuthengisele kwabanye abantu ukwehla emxokelelwaneni. Lencwadana icacisa ulwalamano lokuphinda kuthengiswe phakathi komthengi (umphindi athengise/umnini-ndlu) othenga kumnikezeli ngombane wasekuhlaleni awuthengisele umsebenzisi mva (umqeshi/ umnini).
Ingaba ukuphinda kuthengiswe umbane kwenzeka nini?
Ukuphinda kuthengiswe umbane kwenzeka xa umbane unikezelwa ngesambuku, kwisakhiwo nomhlaba womntu oyedwa othi ajike awuthengise kumqeshi okanye umnini wesakhiwo nomhlaba.
Isakhiwo nomhlaba ingaba yibloko yeeflethi, yezindlu zasedolophini zabantu abanezindlu emaphandleni, indawo eneevenkile ezininzi, ipaka yamashishini, isakhiwo see-ofisi, njl-njl.
Olunye uphawu olungumahluko lwesi senzeko kukuba abaqeshi/abanini babhatalele umbane wabo ngqo kubaphindi bathengise/umnini-ndlu ingasikuko kumnikezeli wasekuhlaleni.
Ingaba umthetho ukunikeza ntoni ekuphindweni kuthengiswe umbane?
Ulungiselelo lomthetho wedolophu kamasipala: Umthetho wedolophu kamasipala unikeza ukuba abasebenzisi mva (abaqeshi/abanini) akufanelekanga babekwe kwindawo engathandwayo kunendawo ethandwayo, xa umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni enokuba ngumnikezeli. Iziqendu ezininzi kwimithetho yedolophu kamasipala eyahlukeneyo iyachaza ngamazwi ukuba yintoni equlathwe kumMiselo 11 womThetho woMbane ka-1987 njengoko ulungisiwe.
Icandelo 11 lithi: Imilinganiselo apho kunye neemeko zokuthengisa ngaphantsi apho umbane uphinde wathengiswa, ungandeda kancinci kumthengisi kunabo bebenokubhatala kwaye benokuwusebenzisa xangaba umthengi ebenikezwa ngombane ngumngcwabi onikeza umthengisi ngombane kwaye namphi na umthengisifanele ngokwesicelo sakhe namphi umthengisi amxhobise ngolwazi olunjalo njengoko kusenokuba yimfuneko ukumenza abenako ukumisa ukuba ii-akhawunti zombane ezifunyenwe nguye zilungile na.
Kuthengiso lombane ngumntu onikwe iphepha-mvume okanye nguye nabani onayo ngokwecandelo lonciphiso kwicandelo lomThetho, likhululwe ukusuka kumalungiselelo ela candela.
Ngokwecandelo 11 : Ibhodi ingakhulula namphi na umgcwabi onayo ngokweandelo 6 lomThetho , ukusuka kumalungiselelo emimiselwana no- kwaye ibhodi nangaliphi ixesha emveni kokukhululwa inganikwa ukuwurhoxisa xa uwonke okanye indawana yesaziso emveni kwenyanga ezintandathu ubuncinane bokurhoxa okunjalo kunikwe umgcwabi okanye udidi lomgcwabi esingaye.
Ingaba loluphi uluhlu lwamaxabiso ekufanele ndiwahlawuliswe ngumphindi athengise/ umnini-ndlu?
Ingaba fanele iintlawulo kwi-akhawunti ibonakale njani?
I-akhawunti yombane fanele ibonise awona maxabiso emvelo ngokunikeza wena umbane.
Intlawulo zenkonzo -ezibandakanya amaxabiso azenzele wona umphindi athengise/umnini-ndlu ekunikezeni wena ngombane. Le ntlawulo yenziwa ngokufunda isixhobo sokulinganisa, i-akhawunti namaxabiso emvelo ekudaleni /ekwenzeni i-akhawunti.
Ukuba kukho ezinye iintlawulo, fanele ziboniswe kwaye zifunyaniswe kwenye indawo yaye azifanelanga zibandakanywe kwi-akhawunti yombane.
Inkcazelo egcweleyo yeentlawulo fanele inikezwe kumsebenzisi mgqibeli. (Ukuba akukho nkcazeloenikiweyo -inyewe fanele inikezwe ingqalelo yomnikezeli wasekuhlaleni).
Ukuba akukabikho mkhomba-ndlela owenziweyo, fumana uncedo lomnikezeli wasekuhlaleni ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphindi athengise/umnini-ndlu bayavumelana nemithetho kamasipala.
Ukuba ingxaki ayikasonjululwa, emveni koko ingaba yintoni?
Ungakufuna ukulungisa ngendlela yokubanga kwasenkundleni okuncincne.
Ukushenxela kwezinye izindululo zengxoxo yenye into nangona ingekabi yinto elindelekileyo evunyiweyo ngenxa yokusulela ngetyala okubandakanyekayo.
Ingaba yintoni indima yeNER kule ndawo?
Nceda qaphela ukuba indima yeNER Kwezi zinto inyinwe kakhulu njengegatya lomthetho kamasipala elithabatha amandla ngaphezu kwegatya elikwiMimiselo. INER iqhubekekisa isisombululo sesikhalazo/ impikiswano phakathi komphindi athengise/umnini-ndlu, umgqibeli-msebenzisi nomnikezeli wasekuhlaleni.
Ingaba yintoni indima yomnikezeli wasekuhlaleni?
Fanele acingwe ukuba umnikezeli wasekuhlaleni kwiimeko ezinjalo ngumnikezeli wokugqibela njengoko umbane usisiseko senkonzo.
Kwimeko ezinjalo umphindi athengise unemfanelo yokuphazamisa apho umphundi athengise/umnini-ndlu angamxhasiyo kumalungiselelo owiso-mithetho endaweni.
UmThetho woMbane ka-1987 njengoko ulungisiwe, unikezela ukuba umnikeli wombane angawucima umbane wabathengi bombane ukuba akayibhatalanga i-akhawunti okanye akavumelananga neemeko zonikezelo. Kanti umthetho ufuna umnikezeli ukuba anike umthengi isaziso iintsuku ezilishumi elinesixhenxe ngaphambi kokuba aphelise unikezelo kumthengi. Ixesha liqala ekufunyasweni kwakho isaziso ngumthengi. Isaziso esinikezwayo kwi-akhawunti yenyanga sithathwa njengesamkelekileyo. Ngoko ke abathengi bacele ukuba bathathe ingqalelo yento ebhaliweyo kwi-akhawunti zabo. Icandelo elilawula lembonakalo likwiNqanaba loBulunga beNkonzo (NRS 047) kwaye busekelezelwe kwicandelo lomThetho woMbane ekubhekiselelwe kulo ngasentla.
Kubalulekile ukusoloko ubhatala ii-akhawunti zakho zombane ngokugcweleyo. Oku kuza kubangela ukuba i-akhawunti yakho ingaweli kumatyala angekahlawulwa. Abathengi banokubhatala isahlulo sesambuku ukunqanda ukwahlukaniswa. Ukuba isambuku samatyala angekahlawulwa asihlawulwanga kwinyanga elandelayo, Amathuba ngokuchasene nokuba nako ukugcina i-akhawunti ihlale iqondile iyanda. Nceda qaphela ukuba ingxenye yentlawulo yarhoqo yee-akhawunti zakho kwakhona isenokukhokelela ekucinyweni. Ngokukhawuleza xa ubona ukuba awunako ukugcina iintlawulo zamatyala angekahlawulwa eqondile, nxibelelana nomnikezeli wakho wasekuhlaleni ngokukhawuleza kwaye uthetha-thethane ngeendlela zokuyihlawula.
Ukuba ubusayinile ngaphambili ukuba unesivumelwano sokuhlawula ityala nomnikezeli wakho, kuyanceda ukulihlawula. Ukuba awuphumeleli ukwenza njalo, umbane wakho usenokucinywa. Nangona, ukuba iimeko fanele zitshintshela ekubeni mandundu emveni kokuba usayinile isivumelwano fanele wazise umnikezeli wakho ngokukhawuleza. Imvume yokutshintsha kweemeko isenokufuneka.
Ukuba unaso isixhobo sokulinganisa esiqhelekileyo (esikwaziwa njengesixhobo sokulinganisa setyala) uza kufuna ukuba ukhangele iiyunithi ozisebenzisileyo kutoliko lwakho lwarhoqo. Kuyo nayiphi na i-akhawunti yombane fanele kubekho utoliko oluvulekileyo (utoliko olugqithileyo) notoliko lovalo (utoliko olukhoyo). Kuza kufuneka ukhangele ukuba utoliko lakho lokuvula lenyanga luyafana na nelokuvala lwenyanga edlulileyo. Ukuba azi ngqinelani, buza kumnikezeli wakho wasekuhlaleni inkcazelo ngaphaya koko. Abatoliki besixhobo sokulinganisa bayayenza impazamo nagmanye amaxesha.
Kubalulekileukwazi ukuba yimalini umnikezi afanele ukukuhlawulisa yona ngeyunithi nganye (kWh) yombane owusebenzisileyo. Ukuba ngaba awuwazi buza kumnikezeli wakho okanye unganxibelelana nomNtu oLawula uMbane weSizwe malunga nolwazi. Ukuqonda ukuba yimalini oyihlawulisiweyo kulaa nyanga kwakufuneka wahlule inani olinikiweyo kwi-akhawunti yakho. (Iiyunithi ziza kuba ngumahluko phakathi kotoliko lokuvula nelokuvala). Isahlulo iyakuba yintlawulo yeyunithi nganye.
Ukuba into enyuliweyo iguquka ukusuka kwisixhobo sokulinganisa sokuhlawula iya kwisixhobo sokulinganisa sokuhlawula kuqala sikho, cinga ngokutshintshela kwenye. Khumbula ukuba umrhumo wokutshintsha iza kufuneka. Umrhumo uza kuxhomekeka kwisilinganiso samandla ombane somnikezeli wakho.
Ungabulawula ubuninzi bombane owusebenzisileyo.
Ukuba i-akhawunti yakho ikumatyala angekahlawulwa, mhlawumbi kuza kufuneka ulibhatale phambi litshintshelwe ngaphaya kwisixhobo sokulinganisa sokuhlawula kuqala. Ixesha elide lamancedo elinikiweyo ngasentla liyidlula ngobunzima lemfuno. Fumanisa kumnikezeli wakho inkqubo yokulawula imonakalo enjalo. Abanye abanikezeli baqhele ukufuna umthengi ukuba angene kwisigqibo sokubhatala amatyala angekahlawulwa ngexesha elithile.
Ukubiwa kombane ngumceli-mngeni ofuna ukupheliswa ukuba ushishino losasazo lombane luza kuhlala lugciniwe kwaye lunokuphila.
Iziphazamiso: Ukudityaniswa kweentambo ngokungekhomthethweni kudla ngokutyekela ekusindeni isixokelelwano malunga nokwenza lula okukhokelela kwiziphazamiso emandleni. Ukusindisa kunokuphazamisa neendawo zasebumelwaneni. Iziphazamiso ezilindeleke kwesi simo ayisosiphene somnikezeli wasekuhlaleni.
Ukusindisa kunokukhokelela kumandla ombane angaphaya anokonakalisa zonke izinto ezisebenzisa umbane zabathengi abhatalayo. Aba bathengi bangangabinayo indlela yokufuna uncedo kumnikezeli, njengoko ezi ngxaki zingakhokeleli ukusuka kwicala lakhe lothungelwano okanye ukungakhathali okusuka kwindawo yakhe.
Ikhokelela ekuphuncukaneni nengeniso: Abanikezeli bafuna ukuzuza imali yabo ebafaneleyoevela embaneni abawuthenge koomatshini bokwenza umbane bombane. Ungeniselo oluvela kwintengiso yombane owenza kuqhubekekisela phambili ukuba unokwenza kwaye inokunceda umnikezeli ukuba ahlale kushihsino. Ngoko ke, ubiwo lombane ludala intsongelo ekunikezeni isizukulwana ngombane.
Imisa ukufakwa kombane: Ilahleko yengeniso ithetha imali encinci ebheka kwinkqubo yokufakwa kombane. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abangenawo umbane kwakunyanzeleka balinde ixesha elidana ukuze babe nombane.
Akukhuselekanga: Kuninzi lwamatyala odityaniso angekho mthethweni anobungozi njengoko ucingo oluhamba phantsi komhlaba okanye emazantsi olwandle adla ngokutyhileka kwaye anokukhokelela kuphuncukwano nobomi.
Ichukumisa ixabiso lombane: Ilahleko yengeniso evela kwilahleko yentengiso ithetha ukuba Le ntsilelo fanele ifunyanwe kwakhona kwenye indawo. Oku kuquka ulwandiso kuluhlu lwamaxabiso. Ngubani ekugqibeleni ode wamoshakalelwa Abathengi abahlawulela umbane wabo njengoko ezi lahleko zizizinto kunyuso loluhlu lwamaxabiso?
Yazisa umnikeli wakho ukuba uykwazi ukuba umntu othile weba umbane.
Khumbula: Njengomsebenzisi wombane unemfanelo yokubhatalela iinkonzo ozizuzayo. Ukuba uneengxaki zokugcina iintlawulo ze-akhawunti yakho mhlawumbi isixhobo sokulinganisa esibhatalelwa ngaphambili ingaba yinto kuwe. Ngaloo ndlela uyakuba nako ukulawula indlela osebenzisa ngayo. Ubiwo lombane lonakalisa abasebenzisi bonke hayi kuphela endaweni yakho kodwa nakwezinye iindawo ngokunjalo, nanjengokuba inesiphumo esikunkcenkcezayo.
Iiforamu zonxibelelwano zomthengi zifuna ukuqinisa ulwalamano phakathi kwabaxhobisi nabathengi ngokinikeza iqonga apho ulwazi kunokwabelwana ngalo lutshintshiswe kwaye inxaxheba yomthengi ixoxwe ize isonjululwe.
Iingaba ziyafuneka iiforamu zonxibelelwano zomthengi, ingaba ziyimfuneko?
Kwakungekho qonga elivelayo lokuphembelela ukwenziwa kwesigqibo nokusebenzisana nomxhobisii.
Ingaba zifuna ukwenzani iiforam zomthengi?
Zifuna ukwandisa ulwalamano olukhoyo phakathi kwabaxhobisi nabathengi, ukukhuthaza iindlela zokunxibelelana phakathi kwamaqela amabini wonyuse ukuqonda ngemfundo yomthengi nangokudala okusingqongileyo kwentsebenziswano kwishsihsini lokunikezela.
utshintshiselwano ngolwazi kuluhlu lwamaxabiso nokuxabisa okanye nawuphi omnye umcimbi.
Ingaba zingazinziswa kanjani iiforam zokunxibelelana komthengi?
Iforam yokunxibelelana komthengi iza kunxulunyaniswa nomnikezeli wombane kwindawo ethile. Umnikezeli fanele azame ukubandakanya onke amacandelo oluntu ukwenzela azuze inkxaso egcweleyo yoluntu nokuthatha inxaxheba.
Abathengi abavela kwindidi zonke zabathengi fanele bamenywe kwaye bavunyelwe banyamekele kwaye bathathe inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zeforam.
Apho kufanelekileyo, abathengi okanye amaqela abathengi angonyula abameli ukuba bamele imidla yabo ezintlanganisweni.
Iforam kwimicimbi kumaxesha ngamaxesha iza kukhumbula izikhokelo zeeForam zokuNxibelelana noMthengi.
Iforam kuza kufuneka ibambe iintlanganiso Kabini ubuncinane ngonyaka, bangazibiza ezinye iintlanganiso ukuba kucingwa imfuneko yoko.
Abameli abasebenza kwiForam zonxibelelwano nomsebenzisi iza kufuna uqeqesho. Oku kuza kwenziwa kanye xa iforam izinzisiwe.
Ubume bemeko yendawo obuncedayo obuza kukhuthaza intsebenziswano nokuqonda okufana macala phakathi kwabaxhobisi nabathengi babo.
Iza kunciphisa inani lezikhalazo nempikiswano ezibhekiselele kwiNER ukuba ziconjululwe.
Iza kuncedisa iNER ekongameleni umsebenzi womxhobisi.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Urhulumente wephondo laKWAZULU NATALA.txt</fn>
NjengePhondo elinabantu abaninzi indinika ulonwabo into yokokuba iKwaZulu Natala ibe noxanduva lokukhokhela imvuselelo kaRhulumente oFanelekileyo neNguqulelo yenkonzo yoluntu. Soloko inolangazelelo malunga nokunika abantu iinkonzo nokubanika ithuba lokutxela ukuba iinkonzo mazinikezelwe njaqni. Xa ssisonke nabasebenzi bakarhulumente bonke kweli phondo senza isithembiso sokuyila imeko bume ecaciswa yinkqubo yobulunga beenkonzo.
Lolu lwazi olubangela ukuba ndinikezele ngePhepha lamaLungelo laBemi baKwaZulu Natala. IPhepha lamaLungelo linika ubunkokeli kunye nendlela enobuchule kwabo bakwinkonzo yokunikezela ngeenkonzo kubemi baKwaZulu Natala, abangabaxhasi bethu. IPhepha lamaLungelo laBemi lichaza amanqanaba nemigangatho yeenkonzo apho wena njengommi uya kufikelela kwaye njengendlela yokulandelwa yokufuna uncedo ukuba ngaba le migangatho iyahlangatyezwa. IPhepha lamaLungelo likwanika iinkcukacha zabantu onokuqhagamshelana nabo xa ufuna ulwazi, ingcaciso yemibandela nokufaka izikhalazo xa kukho uimfuneko yoko. Kufuneka kubethelelelwe ekubeni indlela ekhgawulezileyo ingakukuqhagamshelana namagosa aphezulu kwiziko leeenkonzo apho uya kufumana ingxaki kunye namanye amaziko achongiweyo.
Onke amasebe kwiPhondo ukuquka oomasipala , izinto zoluntu ezifana namasebe esizwe amelweyo kwiphondo aya kuvelisa iPhepha lamaLungelo okuziBophelela kwiiNkonzo kunye noYilo lokuPhucula ukuNikezelwa kweeNkonzo (SDIP) ingakumbi kwiinkozo zawo ezingundoqo kusekelwe oku kwiPhepha lamaLungelo Njengoko linqumleza onke amasebe.
Inkolelo yam yeyokuba ukuba abantu bayakwazi abakulindeleyo, ixesha oko bakulindeleyo eliya kuzalisekisiwe ngalo nexesha lokufezekisa kokunikezelwa kwaye kugqithiswe koko bekulindelwe siya kuqalisa ukuyila intembeko kwimpumelelo nethemba kubemi bakwaZulu Natala.
Oku kukuzibophelela kwethu kubulunga beenkonzo.
IPhepha lengxelo likarhulumente kwiNguquko yokuNikezelwa kweeNkonzo zoLuntu limisela izinto ezisibhozo ezibalulekileyo zeNguquko apho uguquko lokunikezelwa kweenkonzo zoluntu kungundoqo. Oku kungenxa yokuba inkonzo yoluntu yoMzantsi Afrika eguqukileyo iya kugwetywa ngenye yezi nqobo zisemgangathweni zingasentla: kukufaneleka kukunikezelwa kweenkonzo okufezekisa izidingo ezisisiseko zabemi boMzantsi Afrika. Ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo okuphuculweyo ngoko yinjongo yokugqibela yenkqubo yoguquko lweenkonzo zoluntu.
Urhulumente wakwaZulu Natala unakana ngaphezu kwayo yonke into umboniso wabo wethemba ngokuvotela urhulumente okhoyo. Abantu bephondo kwakho bazalisa imali yabo abayifumana nzima ngokunikela ngokwandisa kangangoko ingeniso karhulumente. Kungoko iyimali yabarholi-rhafu eyenza urhulumente abe nakho ukubhatala amatyala. Kungoko urhulumente ezibophelela ngokwezopolitiko, ngokwezoqoqosho nangokuziphatha ngokusebenzela abarholi-rhafu ngokukhutheleyo.
IPhepha lamaLungelo laBemi lichaza ukuba ZEZIPHi iinkonzo eziya kunikezelwa kwaye ziya kunikezelwa NJANI. Ugxininiso luya kuba kukuphuculwa kokusebenza nokufaneleka kweendlela apho iinkonzo kude kube ngoku bezinikezelwa ngazo.
Okona kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye ngePhepha lamaLungelo laBemi abemi bayamenywa ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba ekongameleni ukusebenza nokufaneleka ukuba kokuphi ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo okuphunyezwayo. Eli Phepha lamaLungelo likwachaza amanyathelo amawathathwe kwimeko yokunikezelwa kweenkonzo okulambathayo.
Amandla aqhuba ukuveliswa kwePhepha lamaLungelo laBemi ngala alandelayo.
Imithetho-siseko karhulumente efanelekileyo ephathelele kulungelelwaniso phakathi kweenjongo zoqoqosho nezentlalo kunye naphakathi kweenjongo zomnye nomnye kunye nezabantu bonke. Injongo yokugqibela kukukhuthaza uqeqesho lwemali olufanelekileyo, lwentlalo, lwemikhwa esesikweni nolwemeko bume.
Ukushwankathela urhulumente olungileyo ubonakalisa isixokelelwano sokuxabisa ukuchaneka komoya, ukuthambekisela kuvumelwano, kwintobeko, kuncedo, kubuntu, kukuthembeka nakukukholelwa kubulungisa babantu nakwintembeko engapheliyo ngenxa yenkolelo eyomeleleyo yobukho buThixo owazi izinto zonke, onaMandla onke noseziNdaweni zonke.
Eli Phepha lamaLungelo laBemi lihambisana nokuKhula kwePhondo neNdlela yoPhuhliso. IPGDS sisixhobo esizimanya namalungelo aphambili achongiweyo kunye nongqinelwano longenelelo oluhamba nawo olunokwenziwa. IPhepha lamaLungelo laBemi likhokhela inkonzo yoluntu yaKwaZulu Natala ekunikeni iqonga lokuqonqa amalungelo aphambili achongiweyo. IPGDS iphendula kwimiceli-mngeni yophuhliso lwephondo kwaye iPhepha lamaLungelo laBemi lithembisa ukuqhelanisa abasebenzi bakarhulumente babe yindlela yokunikezela iinkonzo kwiinzame zokoyisa imiceli-mngeni ejongene nephondo laKwaZulu Natala njengephondo lophuhliso.
Ekunikezeleni iinkonzo kubemi baKwaZulu Natala, abasebenzi bakarhulumente baya kukhokelwa yimithetho-siseko yeBatho Pele.
UKUCEBISANA- Abemi baya kucetyiswa malunga nomgangatho nobulunga beenkonzo zoluntu abazifumanayo kwaye apho kunokwenzeka baya kunikwa ukhetho malunga neenkonzo ezinikwayo.
Avelise kwaye azalisekise izixhobo zohlolo eziya kusetyenziswa ekwenzeni uphando/uvavanyo lokwanela komxhasi kumsebenzi, kumgangatho wamasebe nakwimigangatho yephondo.
IMIGANGATHO YEENKONZO - Abemi baya kuxelelwa ukuba ngowuphi umgangatho nobulunga weenkonzo zoluntu abaya kuzifumana ukuze bakuqonde oko kufuneka bekulindele. Le migangatho iya kumiselwa kwinqanaba elifuna ukuba kuxelwe izinto njengokuba zinjalo.
UKUFIKELELA- Bonke abemi baya kuba nofikelelo olulinganayo kwiinkonzo abanelungelo kuzo.
Uphuculo jikelele lokuphathwa kwabemi kwiindawo zofikelelo zomsebenzi wokunikezelwa.
ULWAZI-Abemi baya kunikwa ulwazi olupheleleyo noluchanekileyo malunga neenkonzo zoluntu abanelungelo lokuzifumana.
Nokwazisa uwonke wonke ngempembelelo "Yazi amalungelo akho" njengenxalenye yePhepha lamaLungelo laBemi. Impembelelo iya kwenziwa kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala emva kokwamkelwalwePhepha lamaLungela laBemi eliya kuhamba kunye nokudlula kwePhepha lamaLungelo laBemi.
UBUPHANDLE NOKUCACA - Abemi baya kunikwa ulwazi ngendlela izahlulo zikarhulumenete ezisebenza ngayo , oko kukuthi urhulumente wesizwe, wephondo nowasekhaya namanye amasebe awohlukeneyo kunye neendleko zeenokonzo ezinikiweyo.
Ukungeniswa nokupapashwa kweengxelo zonyaka zamaSebe kubameli bamaqela abafanelekileyo ngoNovemba 2005. Ingxelo yephondo iya kupapashwa ngoDisemba ngowama-2005.
Iingxelo zeNkqubo yoPhuculo yokuNikezelwa kweNkonzo iya kuquka inkqubela-phambili ngokoyilo lorhwebo, uqingqo-mali olusetyenzisiweyo kunye nobukhulu bokuqwalaselwa kwemithetho-siseko yeBatho Pele.
Nokwenza kubekho iinkcukacha amagosa afanelekileyo.
UKULUNGISA: UKUSEBENZA NGEZIKHALAZO: Ukuba umgangathpo othenjisiweyo wenkonzo awunikezelwa , abemi baya kunikwa isingxengxezo, ingcaciso epheleleyo kunye nokulungiswa okufanelekileyo nokukhawulezileyo. Xa isikhalazo sisenziwa abemi baya kufumana impendulo eyakhayo nenovelwano.
Namaqela aphambili omsebenzi abonise ukuba basicazulule kwaye basebenzisa izikhalazo esenziweyo ukuphucula ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo - ngokuzingileyo.
IXABISO LEMALI - Iinkonzo zoluntu ziya kunikezelwa ngokoqoqoqsho nangokufanelekileyo ukuze kunikwe abemi ixabiso elingcono lemali.
Ukuchonga imisebenzi/ ukwenza izinto ezintsha ezinxulumene neendlela zokonga iindleko eziya kuqukwa kwiingxelo zeekota nezonyaka.
UKUKHUTHAZA UKWENZA IZINTO EZINTSHA NOKUVUZA UBULUNGA - Amasebe aya kuqinisekisa imeko bume encedayo ekunikezeleni iinkonzo ezifanelekileyo.
AmaSebe aya kulinganisa kwaye anike ingxelo njalo esebenzisa isambuku sonke zeziqalo zeBatho pele kwaye impembelele yeBatho Pele esekelwe kukunikezelwa kweenkonzo kubomi babemi baKwaZulu Natala, kwiminyaka emithathu yokuqala ize emva koko kwiminyaka emihlanu.
Zonke iinkokeli kumqookozo wokunikezelwa kweenkonzo ziya kunika ulawulo, ziyile ulungelelaniso/umanyano, zibandakanye isitafu, ziyile ulwahlulelwano olufanelekileyo kwaye zibonise imikhwa esesikweni neengqobo ezisemgangathweni ezifanelekileyo.
Ukuvelisa iinkqubo apho iinkokeli zifumana ingxelo kwabangaphantsi kuzo, kubalingane, kwizikhulu nakuxhasi kwisimbo sabo sobunmkokeli kwaye zibe nezakhono zokuphatha impixano, izakhono zonxibelelwano, zokukhuthaza, zokwenza izigqibo nezobuntu.
UKWENZA IBATHO PELE IBE YINTO EKHOYO -"Xa sisonke sibetha igubu lobulunga beenkonzo."
Igubu ngumqondiso wase-Afrika onamandla onesingqi kunye neempawu zokuzala ludla mko, imigangatho ephezulu yokuzibophelela, ulangazelelo, amandla, nokuvumaukwenza.
quka imithetho-siseko yeBatho Pele enxulumene noyilo lokusebenza , amaPhepha amaLungelo okuZibophelela kwiNkonzo, iiSDIP kunye noqeqesho lwenkathalo yomxhasi kwiinkqubo zokungeniswa kumasebe; kunye nokuhlaziya imithetho-siseko yeBatho Pele ngokwabelana ngezimvo, ngongenelelo lokutshintsha inkcubeko, ngemibutho, ngeenkqubo zokungeniswa noqeqesho nenkqubo yokuphicotha iincwadi.
Umbutho iBatho Pelew wamiswa phantsi kobunkokeli bukaMongameli Jikelele ukwenza kube lula ukwabelana ngemisebenzi/ngobuchule obungcono malunga nokuyila iinkozo zoluntu ezijolise kubantu neziqhutywa ngabantu ezicaciswa ngummiselo owomelelelyo wemikhwa esesikweni kunye nesixokelelwano seenqobo ezisemgangathweni ezifanelekileyo. Uguqulo lweeNkonzo zoLuntu ezilisebe le-ofisi yeNkulumbuso ziya kulawula amanyathelo okuqalukususela kunyaka-mali wowama-205/2006.
Njengoko sele kuchaziwe yiNkulumbuso ebekekileyo kwitshayelelo/kwisingeniso onke amasebe aya kuvelisa amaPhepha wawo amaLungelo okuziBophelela kwiNkonzo asekelwe kwizikhokelo ezimiselwe kwiPhepha lamaLungelo laBemi.
Iya kuba yinxalenye yesebe ngalinye kwiphondo ukubambelela kwizikhokelo jikelele ezichazwe ngasezantsi. Kuya kuthatha ulawulo lwephondo malunga neenyanga ezintandathu ukwazi uwonke wonke ngePhepha lamaLungelo nokubandakanya uluntu kwimpembelelo enkulu yazi amalungelo akho'. Ukwazisa uwonke wonke ngePhepha lamaLungelo kuya kuhamba kunye nokuniezelwa kweenkonzo njengoko kuthenjisiwe.
Nengcaciso ziya kunikwa, izingxengxezo zandiswe nesenzo sokulungiswa zenziwe yi-ofisi okanye isikhululo esisebenzayo esibandakanyekayo.
Imbono ye-ofisi yeNkulumbuso " kukuba liziko elizele ludlamko elinobuchule likarhulumente KwaZulu Natala". Lisebenza njengeziko lolungelelwaniso lukarhulumente.
b amalungelo oluntu enkcubeko, owolwimi nawenkcubeko kunye nokulondoloza nokulawula ubutyebi belifa lenkcubeko.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphando lokwaneliseka komxhasi ngonyaka luyenziwa 'kwiinkonzo zoluntu' kwaye iveki ibekelwa bucala minyaka le apho abasebenzi bakarhulumente bafuna ukuba abemi baphawule malunga nokwenza kwabo.
Ukukhokela impembelelo yokuThintela uRhwaphilizo neNkohlakalo. UBuchule boLawulo loRhwaphilizo neNkohlakalo luya kube selumisiwe ekupheleni kukaMatshi wowama-2006. Oku kuya kulungelelaniswa nempembelelo ehlangeneyo neCandelo lokuPhicothwa kweeNcwadi langaphakathi kwisebe lezemali lePhondo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuChule bokuPhuhlisa iCandelo ngemiCimbi yabantu lephondo liyagqitywa kwaye liyasebenza ekupheleni kukaDisemba wowama-2005.
Ukulungelelanisa minyaka le uVuselelo lwe-Afrika/uMahlulelane omtsha weNkomfa yoPhuhliso lwe-Afrika olufuna ukuhlola isikhokelo sokubandakanya uphuhliso lwamanyathelo okuqala neenkqubo KwaZulu Natala. Le yinxalenye ebanzi yenkqubo yesizwe neyelizwekazi.
Imbono yeSebe leZolimo nelemiCimbi yezeMvelo "kuvuselela amandla akhoyo ezolimo nokwandisa uzinzo lommandla" KwaZulu Natala.
Eli sebe liya kusebenzisa amagunya alo ukukhulisa amandla akhoyo ezolimo abanzi ePhondo kunye nokongamela ukhuseleko lommandla.
Ukukhulisa impilo, imveliso, uphuhliso nentlalo-ntle yezilwanyana ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo, ukulawula nokuphelisa izifo zezilwanyana ezibaluleke ngoqoqosho kwaye ezizizonetiki.
Imbono yeli Sebe lobuGcisa , leNkcubeko noKhenketho "kukuxhobisa ngezobugcisa, ngenkcubeko nezokhenketh" kwaye ngoko linamagunya okuphucula nokuqonda ukwahlukana kwenkcubeko nobugcisa.
Ukunceda imibutho yenkcubeko neyobugcisa ukuphucula, ukuphuhlisa nokugcina inkcubeko ukuze kuzuze abemi.
Nokubonelela uphuhliso lokhenketho neenkqubo zenkxaso ukuvumela uluntu obeluvinjwe amathuba ngaphambile nokuvelisa abarhwebi abanokungena kushishino lokhenketho.
Njengoko ezi zinikezelwa ngokuzingileyo kuya kwenziwa uhlolo ngekota nangesiqingatha sonyaka ukuvavanya impumelelo yazo.
Imbono yeli Sebe loKhuseleko loLuntu noManyano Zinkonzo zamapolisa eziguqukileyo, ezizinikeleyo nezilawulwa yintando yesininzi ngakummandla onoxolo wabantu baKwaZulu Natala.
ququzelela ungenelelo olujolise ukuphucula ingxoxo yoluntu.
phuhlisa nokuzalisekisa iinkqubo zokuthintela ulwaphulo-mthetho lwentlalo ukuphendula kwizito zokhuseleko ezibalulekileyo zoluntu; kunye nokuphuhlisa iinkqubo zokuxhasa ezizodwa zamaqela anokwenzakala kwiphpondo njengegalelo lesebe lokuphucula nokuphumeza ukuxhotyiswa kwamaxhoba.
Iingxelo ngokwenziweyo nobuchule besebe ukuphendula kwizikhalazo zabemi ziya kunikwa kwisiqingatha sonyaka.
Isebe lizibophelela ekomelezeni ulawulo ngokuphathelele kwiinkonzo elizinikayo nokuququzelela ukuthatha inxaxheba efanelekileyo yoluntu.
Imbono yeSebe loPhuhliso lezoQoqosho Kukuqinisekisa ukuba iKwaZulu Natala iba noqoqosho olunempumelelo nolunokhuphiswano kwilizwe jikelele kwaye egcina amacandelo eenkonzo nowoshishino anamandla ezicaciswa bubulunga bemigangatho yeenkonzo nomgangatho ophezulu wengqesho, ukunyusa ubulunga bobomi kunye nommandla woqoqosho oxhasa ukuxhotyiswa nokuyila ubutyebi babo bonke.
ukwandisa ukuthatha inxaxheba yabantu ababevinjwe amathuba ngaphambili ngphuhliso nophuculo lwentsebenziswano.
ukuzalisekisa amaphulo amane axhasa urhwebo, imveliso, ubuchule beshishini kwimveliso yomthi, icandelo lempahla, impahla elukiweyo nelobugcisanomsebenzi wobugcisa apho amagcisa angama-300 baya kuxhaswa; kwaye kuvulwe amasebe abeNzeli kuPhuhliso loRhwebo olusakhulayo angama-30 ngonyaka-mali wowama-2005/2006 ikuzo zonke iindawo zephondo kwaye zinika inkxaso ethe ngqo ekuveliseni abarhwebi.
Imbono yeSebe leMfundo lelabemi abafundileyo nabanezakhono abanobuchule bokuthatha inxaxheba kuzo zonke iinkqubo zedemokrasi nokuba negalelo kukukhula nakuphuhliso lwabantu baKwaZulu Natala.
ISebe lifuna ukuqinisekisa ulwawulo olufanelekileyo lwesixokelelwano esibanzi semfundo ukuze kwande amathuba emfundo kubo bonke abemi bephondo. Ukufikelela kubulunga bemfundo ngundoqo wokuphucula iimeko zoqoqosho-ntlalo kuninzi lwabantu baKwaZulu Natala.
Landise inani lamaziko eekholeji zeMfundio noQeqesho oluQhubekayo kwiindawo ezihlwempuzekileyo, kwaye kuqaliswe ngokwakhiwa amaziko amatsha asixhenxe kunyaka-mali wowama-2005/2006.
Imbono yeSebe lezeMpilo "kukufezekisa esona simo sempilo siungileyo kubo bonke abantu baKwaZulu Natala."
ISebe liya kuqhubekeka ukulawula ngokufaneleikeyo isixokelelwano sempilo esibanzi sePhondo.
Isebe liya komeleza ulawulo ngokuphathelele kwiinkonzo elizinikezelayo, ukuququzelela okufanelekileyo kokuthatha inxaxheba koluntu nokuqinisekisa ukuba onke amancedo anenkqubo yezikhalazo ezimisiweyo.
Imbono "Sihlangene sinnceda bonke abanmtu bazihlalise ngokwabo" nokuba negunya lokuququzelela ulungiselelo lwezindlu ezaneleyo zoluntu kwiphondo isebe lizibophelela ukuba liya kususa iindawo ezinezindlu ezimdaka KwaZulu Natala njengejongo engxamisekilayo. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe kwiminyaka emithandathu.u Amaphulo okususa amatyotyombe ali-15/iindawo ezinezindlu ezimdaka sele livunyiwe kulo nyaka-mali ukhoyo.
kuphuhlisa ngpokukhawuleza izindlu kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ukususela ngoku.
kuyila amathuba ezindlu ezirentwayo njengenjongo ebaluleka ngokungxamisekileyo. Amaphulo ama-6 kuya kunikwa ingxelo ngawo ekupheleni kukaMatshi wowama200; kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba amaphulo ezindlu ze-AIDS ezi-3 ziya gqitywa ekuhambeni kwalo nyaka-mali wangoku.
Isebe liya komeleza ulawulo ngokuphathelele kwiinkonzo elizinikezelayo, ukuququzelela okufanelekileyo kokuthatha inxaxheba koluntu.
Ekuzalisekiseni unyamezeloolungekhoyo kubuqhetseba norhwaphilizo kwaye lihlangene ne-ofisi yeNkulumnbuso liphuhlisa kwaye lizalisekisa ubuChule bokuLawula uRhwaphilizo noBuqhetseba.
Isebe lizibophelela ekunikeni ubunkokeli obunobuchule kulawulo lwephondo kwimimandla yolawulo lwemali , ulawulo lobutyebi nolawulo lokusebenzisana.
Imbono " Kukuhlala bezinkokeli zorhwebo kulugiselelo lobutyebi boluntu namancedo ephondo laKwaZulu Natala SISEBENZISA , KUGUG; IFOSHOLO", Isebe liququzelela ukugcinwa kwezakhiwo zikarhulumente ukuqinisekisa ulungiselelo lweendawo zokuhlala ezisemthethweni.
Ekugqibeni iSizokelelwano soLawulo lweMpahla yobuMnini esimiselweyo esisebenza ngokupheleleyo ekufuneka sisebenze ngomeyi wowama-2006.
Kuphuhlisa kwaye lizalisekise iinkqubo zentlalo-ntle zoluntu ezibanzi kunye neenkonzo ezisekelwe kuluntu ezihlangeneyo ezabantwana, ezolutsha, ezabafazi ezabakhubazekileyo, azabantu abadala, ezamaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho kunye neentsapho zabo.
kunika ukufikelela kwabaxhasi bonke abalungeleyo ngokomthetho kuncedo lwentlalo. Ingxelo yekota zeenkqubana eziphantsi kokhuselo loluntu ziya kunikwa ulwazi loluntu kwaye kukomeleza ulawulo olufanelekileyo ngokuphathelele kwinnkozo ezilinikayo nokuququzelela ukuthatha inxaxheba efanelekileyo koluntu.
Ukuphuhlisa imisebenzi yolonwabo kumaziko okulungiswa izimilo nakwiiNkonzo zokuLungiswa izimilo ukubuyiselwa kwimo yesiqhelo kuboni.
Isebe lizibophelele ekomelezeni ulawulo ngpokuphathelele kweenkonzo ezinikezelayo nokuququzelela ukuthatha inxaxheba efanelekileyo koluntu.
Nokufumana abafundi abangama-400 kwiNkqubo yokuPhuhlisa abasebenzi boLuntu kwaye bamiswe kwiindibano-malungu kamongameli, iPhulolokuQinisa uMasipala kunye nezinye iindawo ezihlwempuzeke kakhulu.
Isebe lizibophelele ekomelezeni ulawulo ngpokuphathelele kweenkonzo ezinikezelayo nokuququzelela ukuthatha inxaxheba efanelekileyo koluntu.
Imbono "Impumelelo kukushukumiseka", isebe liphuhlisa kwaye lilawula izakhiwo zeendlela ezifanelekileyo zephondo ngokwakha, ngokugcina nokugcina ucwangco kumhamba-ndlela, uthuthololuntu nokhuseleko.
Nokusebenzisa zonke iinkqubo nezivumelwano ukulungisa ingxaki yobuhlwempu neyophuhliso lwezoqoqosho neemfuno zoluntu.
Isebe lizibophelele ekomelezeni ulawulo ngpokuphathelele kweenkonzo ezinikezelayo nokuququzelela ukuthatha inxaxheba efanelekileyo koluntu.
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Ngaphandle kokuba isicelo sakho singqale ngqo kwaye sigcwaliswe ngokufanelekileyo, iSebe liyakuba nako ukululungisa uxwebhu lwakho lwesazisi kwiinyanga nje ezimbini. Xa ufaka isicelo kufuneka ukhombise kwisicelo sakho ukuba uza kulululanda ngokwakho na uxwebhu lwakho lwesazisi okanye luposelwe kwidilisi yakho.
Isiqinisekiso esikhutshwe yiNtloko mhlawumbi yesibhedlele okanye ekliniki apho wawuzalelwe khona.
Hlawula imali yokukhupha kwakhona eli-R12-00 uze uyigcinele ungqinisiso lwexa elizayo irisithi yakho.
Ukubuza ukuba imi phi na i-ofisi yeMicimbi yezeKhaya, nceda uqhagamshelane ne-ofisi yommandla kwindawo yakho.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Wazi amalungelo akho e-UIF.txt</fn>
Yintoni iNgxowa-mali ye-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli?
INgxowa-mali ye-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli isekwe ngenjongo yokunika abasebenzi uncedo lwemali lwexeshana, oluxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile, xa bethe baphelelwa ngumsebenzi okanye abakwazi ukusebenza ngenxa yokugula, ngenxa yekhefu lokuya kubeleka okanye xa umntu ekwinkqubo yokwenza umntwana ongengowakhe ukuba abe ngowakhe ngokwasemthethweni, futhi kwenzelwa nabo bebesondliwa ngulo msebenzi oberhuma , oko kutsho obenegalelo kule ngxowa-mali.
Ifunyanwa njani imali ukuze iNgxowa-mali isebenze kwaye ihlawule uncedo lwemali?
INgxowa-mali iyifumana imali kwimirhumo efakwa rhoqo ngenyanga ngabaqeshi nabasebenzi. Urhulumente ngummeli wale Ngxowa-mali kwaye ulindeleke ukuba anike uncedo kwicala lezemali ukuze ahlangabezane neentswelo ezibakho ngamaxesha apho abantu abangaphangeliyo bebaninzi.
Ingaba bonke abasebenzi kufuneka barhume na kwiNgxowa-mali ye-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli?
Ukususela ngomhla woku-1 ku-Epreli 2002 bonke abasebenzi abaphangela iiyure ezingama-24 nangaphezulu ngenyanga kufuneka barhume kwiNgxowa-mali.
Ukususela ngomhla woku-1 ku-Epreli 2003, iNgxowa-mali ye-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli ifuna abasebenzi abasebenza emakhaya nabaqeshi babo barhume kwiNgxowa-mali.
Ingaba kufuneka urhume kwiNgxowa-mali ukuba wamkela umvuzo ophezulu?
Ewe, bonke abasebenzi, ngaphandle kwabo baxelwe phantsi kwenqaku 3.3 ngasentla kufuneka barhume kwiNgxxowa-mali. INgxowa-mali ngonyaka ibeka amanqanaba okwamkela kwabasebenzi. Bonke abasebenzi abamkela ngaphezulu kwelona nqanaba liphezulu baya kurhuma beme kwinqanaba eliphezulu elibekiweyo ukuze xa bengaphangeli bafumane uncedo lwemali ngokomliganiselo wengeniso yabo. Oku kuthetha ukuba wonke umsebenzi ukususela kwinqanaba elisezantsi kuye kumlawuli wenkampani kufuneka arhume kwiNgxowa-mali.
Ingaba bonke abaqeshi kufuneka barhume kwiNgxowa-mali?
Bonke abaqeshi abaqesha nawuphi na umntu ukuze kwakhona bamnike umvuzo oyimali esesandleni (ikheshi) okanye ololo hlobo kufuneka babhalise kwiNgxowa-mali kwangoko bakuqalisa imisetyenzana njengomqeshi. Luxanduva lomqeshi ukubhalisa ishishini aze atsale imali leyo kwimivuzo yabasebenzi. Ukuba umqeshi akakwenzi oko, kukho izohlwayo eziqatha eziya kusetyenziswa ngokwemigqaliselo yoMthetho weNgxowa-mali ye-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli, 2002. Ukuba umqeshi uyala ukubhalisa kwiNgxowa-mali kwaye akafuni kutsala mali, abasebenzi bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwi-ofisi ekufutshane yeSebe lezemiSebenzi.
Abaqeshi bayacelwa ukuba bathobele amagatya oMthetho, njengoko iNgxowa-mali inika uncedo kubantu bayo ebebekade bengabasebenzi abashiyekelwe yimali engephi okanye abangenandlela yakuzixhasa ngenxa yokuba bephelelwe ngumsebenzi.
Yintoni ethathwa njengomvuzo?
Zonke iimali ezifunyanwa kumqeshi, nokuba yimali eyikheshi okanye yimali efunyanwa ngohlobo oluthile. Oku kuquka iintlawulo zokusebenza ugqithise kwixesha elimisiweyo neebhonasi kwaye imirhumo kufuneka isekwe kwezi ntlawulo. Ukongeza, zonke izibonelelo ezifunyanwayo zithathwa njengomvuzo. Imizekelo yezibonelelo zizibonelelo zokuhamba, izibonelelo zokonwabisa kunye nezibonelelo zokutya nezendawo yokuhlala. Olunye ulwazi ngemivuzo lungafumaneka kwizikhokelo ezilungiselelwe abaqeshi kwi-EMP10 ezifumaneka kwa-SARS.
Yimalini ekufuneka ifakwe kwiNgxowa-mali?
Umsebenzi kufuneka enze igalelo le-1% lomvuzo wenyanga. Ukongeza kule 1% ihlawulwa ngumsebenzi, umqeshi ufakela umsebenzi ngamnye amqeshileyo i-1% . Igalelo lilonke elihlawulwayo yi-2%. Umzekelo, ukuba umsebenzi wamkela I-R1000 ngenyanga, umqeshi kufuneka atsale i-1% ye-R1000 eli-R10. Ukongeza, kufuneka umqeshi ahlawulele umsebenzi wakhe ngamnye amqeshileyo i-R10. Imali iyonke engama-R20 kufuneka idluliselwe kwi-UIF okanye kwaSARS.
Kufuneka kutsalwe imirhumo yenyanga leyo sikuyo kuphela kwaye umqeshi akavumelekanga ukuba atsale umrhumo ongaphezulu kowenyanga. Ukuba umqeshi kwixesha elidlulileyo uthe akayitsala imirhumo yenyanga, ngoko ke umqeshi unetyala le-2% lemirhumo kwaye umsebenzi akamele kukhupha mrhumo.
Uwuhlawula nini kwaye njani umqeshi lo mrhumo kwiNgxowa-mali?
Umqeshi uyihlawula le mirhumo kwiNgxowa-mali phambi kosuku lwesixhenxe rhoqo ngenyanga. Apho usuku lwesixhenxe "ingelosuku lomsebenzi", iintlawulo mazenziwe ngosuku lokugqibela lokusebenza okanye phambi kosuku lwesixhenxe. "Usuku lomsebenzi" luthetha naluphi usuku olungengoMgqibelo, iCawe okanye usuku lweHolide kaWonke-wonke. Ngeenjongo zokuhlawula imirhumo, abo baqeshi babhalisele irhafu ne/ okanye iRhafu yoPhuhliso lweZakhono kufuneka bahlawule imirhumo yabo kwaSARS. Abaqeshi abaseleyo mabahlawule ngqo imirhumo yabo kwiNgxowa-mali. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokudlulisela le mirhumo kwiNgxowa-mali. Isenokutsalwa ngqo ebhankini (debit order) (apha ke umqeshi angenza izicwangciso nebhanki yakhe), inokufakwa ngqo ebhankini, (jonga iinkcukacha zebhanki yeNgxowa-mali ekupheleni kwale browutsha), ungayifaka ngelektroni usebenzisa ubhankisho lwe-intanethi. Jonga kwiidilesi ezisekupheleni kwale bhrowutsha.
Abaqeshi bangahlawula imirhumo yonke yonyaka ukuba eso sixa-mali basihlawula ngaphambili.
Imirhumo yonke ekufuneka ihlawulwe kufuneka ihlawulwe ngokwemida yonyaka-mali okanye ngethuba lohlawulo lwerhafu. "Unyaka-mali" okanye "ithuba lohlawulo lwetyala" kuxelwa ithuba eliqala ngosuku lokuqala lukaMatshi nakowuphi na unyaka, okanye ukususela ngosuku lokuqala lwetyala ukuba olo suku lungena kunyaka-mali lowo kwaye luphela ngosuku lokugqibela lukaFebhruwari kunyaka olandelayo. Umqeshi makangayitsali imali yemirhumo yonke ekufuneka ihlawulwe "ngaphambili". Ukutsalwa kwemali makungqamane namaxesha entlawulo yomvuzo. Ukuba umqeshi ufumanisa ukuba intlawulo eyenziweyo ibingafuneki ngelo xesha okanye ingaphezulu kwimali emele ukuhlawulwa, umqeshi kufuneka ambuyisele umsebenzi nokuba eso sixa-mali akakasinikwa umqeshi yiNgxowa-mali ye-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli. Imali ekufuneka ibuyisiwe kufuneka ibizwe kwiNgxowa-mali ye-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli ngonyaka kwaye emva kokuphela konyaka-mali lowo kubizwe iintlawulo zonyaka.
Kwimeko apho kuye kwanyuswa umvuzo, kufuneka ilungiswe ngokukhawuleza imali yengxowa-mali ihambelane nokunyuka komvuzo kwaye nawuphi na umahluko phakathi kwesixa-mali esifunekayo neso sesihlawulwe, kufuneka ulungiswe.
ubhaliso lucinyiwe ubhaliso lubonisa ukuba kuhlawulwa ngonyaka ubhaliso lubonisa ukuba kuhlawulwa kwaSARS.
Ukuba abaqeshi bafumana ifomu yerhafu yakwaSARS (EMP201), loo nto ithetha ukuba kufuneka bengenise imirhumo yabo ye-UIF kwaSARS ukususela ku-Epreli 2002 ukuya phambili. Phofu ke, ukuba bafumana iifomu UI-7 loo nto ibonisa ukuba ii-akhawunti zabo kunye neNgxowa-mali azikalungiswa zibonise ukuba imirhumo yabo ye-UIF bayihlawula kwaSARS. INgxowa-mali kwiimeko ezinje kufuneka icetyiswe ngenombolo yokwalathisa emivo ili-10 ye-PAYE ngokubhekiselele kwishishini elo ukuze kube nokwenziwa ezo zinto kufuneka zitshintshiwe ukuze kungaphinde kukhutshwe i-UI-7 kwixa elizayo.
Abaqeshi mabaqinisekise ukuba imirhumo ye-UIF ixeliwe kwi-EMP201 kwaye iintlawulo zigqithiselwa kwaSARS. Ingxowa-mali ayisayi kwamkela uxanduva okanye ibe nonxibelelwano noSARS okanye nabaqeshi xa kukho izohlwayo okanye xa kunyuswe inzala ukuba iintlawulo zingeniswe kwiNgxowa-mali endaweni yokungeniswa kwaSARS.
Ukunqanda ukuba kungabikho zohlwayo nanzala, abaqeshi mabaqinisekise ukuba iintlawulo zifika kwiNgxowa-mali ngexesha elimisiweyo, nokuba ifomu UI-7 ifunyenwe okanye ayifunyanwanga. Abaqeshi kufuneka baqhangamshelane neNgxowa-mali ukuba abazifumani rhoqo okanye bayazifumana iifomu UI-7.
Bonke abaqeshi ekungafuneki bahlawule imirhumo kwaSARS kufuneka bazalise kwaye babuyise i-UI-7 fomu nokuba bahlawula njani , kangaphi okanye kweyiphi na indawo.
Luxanduva lwabaqeshi ukubala isixa ekufuneka sihlawulwe kwiNgxowa-mali. Iifomu ezixela imirhumo ehlawuliweyo azisayi kunikwa abaqeshi.
INgxowa-mali yazi njani ukuba imirhumo ivela koobani?
INgxowa-mali iseke uvimba weenkcukacha (database) zomqeshi/nomsebenzi apho iinkcukacha zengqesho zigcinwa khona. Luxanduva lomqeshi ukuthumela iinkcukacha zabasebenzi bakhe kwiNgxowa-mali ukuhlaziya uvimba weenkcukacha rhoqo ngenyanga okanye xa kukho inguqu kwiinkcukacha zomsebenzi. Iinkcukacha zabasebenzi zigcinwa kuvimba weenkcukacha ukuze xa umntu engasebenzi, iNgxowa-mali ikwazi ukusisebenza isicelo ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha. Yiyo loo nto ke kubalulekile ukuba abaqeshi bathumele iinkcukacha zabasebenzi kwiNgxowa-mali ukuze kuhlaziywe uvimba weenkcukacha.
Ingxowa-mali iinendlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokusetyenziswa ngabaqeshi ukuthumela iinkcukacha kwiNgxowa-mali. Ezi ndlela ziquka nokuthumela iinkcukacha ngesandla (UI-19) kwiNgxowa-mali apho abaqeshi bangenazo iinkqubo ze-elektroni zoluhlu lwamagama abahlawulwa. I-UI-19 yifomu emayisetyenziswe ngabaqeshi ukungenisa iinkcukacha zabasebenzi babo kuvimba weenkcukacha weNgxowa-mali. Le fomu iyafumaneka kwiwebhsayithi nakwii-ofisi zamaphondo nakumaziko esemisebenzi eSebe lezemiSebenzi. Abaqeshi bezorhwebo abaneenkqubo ze-elektroni zoluhlu lwamagama abahlawulwa bangazithumela iinkcukacha ngefomathi exeliweyo apha declarations@uif.gov.za. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha zale fomathi nceda yiya kuxwebhu olunenkcazelo kwiwebhsayithi kwimenyu Employers Info - Declaration Specification. Abaqeshi babasebenzi basemakhaya kufuneka bazalise ifomu UI-19 yabasebenzi basemakhaya baze bazithumele nge-imeyile ethi domestics@uif.gov.
Ingaba bonke abaqeshi kufuneka bangenise iingxelo zokwazisa zenyanga?
Ewe kufuneka abaqeshi benze njalo, kuqukwa nabo kufuneka behlawule imirhumo yabo edlula kwaSARS. Bonke abaqeshi kufuneka bazazise naziphi na izinto ezitshintshileyo kwiinkcukacha zabasebenzi babo ngokukhawuleza zakubakho izinto ezitshintshileyo. Ukuba izinto zitshintsha rhoqo ngenyanga, ngoko ke iingxelo zokwazisa mazingeniswe rhoqo ngenyanga.
Ingaba kufuneka abasebenzi abahlawula ngonyaka bangenise iingxelo zokwazisa?
Ewe, kanye ngonyaka okanye xa ziye zakho izinto ezitshintshileyo kwiinkcukacha zabasebenzi.
INgxowa-mali iya kuyazi njani into yokuba ikuhlawulwa malini xa ungaphangeli?
Abasebenzi banikwa amanqaku ayinzuzo njengoko berhuma kwiNgxowa-mali. Amanqaku azuzwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Ngeentsuku ezintandathu ozisebenzileyo njengomrhumi, ufumana inqaku losuku , manqaku lawo angaya kuma kwiintsuku ezingama-238. Ukuze ufumane iintsuku zamanqaku angama-238, kufuneka ukuba ubungumrhumi iminyaka emine.
Umsebenzi uthathwa njengomntu oye warhuma kwiNgxowa-mali ukususela ngosuku lokuqala lengqesho kude kuye kuloo mini wayeka ngayo emsebenzini. Ithuba lokwazisa phambi kokuyeka ukusebenza, nalo lithathwa njengexesha lengqesho. Phofu ke, kufuneka kwaziwe ukuba kwimeko yabasebenzi basekhaya, bona bathathwa njengabarhumi ukususela ngomhla woku-1 ku-Epreli 2003.
UMthetho we-Inshorensiyokungaphangeli onezilungiso, 2003 ukwajongene nemeko apho abasebenzi basekhaya bengenamqeshi omnye, kwaye ke ungenisa nomba wokungangaphangeli nokupheleleyo kwabo basebenzi baqeshwe ngabantu abaninzi.
UMthetho uthi uncedo maluhlawulwe xa ingeniso yomsebenzi ingaphantsi kwenqanaba elinikiweyo kwimali ewayeyamkela ngexesha esebenza kuwo onke la makhaya, umzekelo, umsebenzi wasekhaya osebenzela amakhaya amathathu ongeniso yakhe ingama-R600 ukuze ke ngoku alahlekelwe likhaya lama-R200 ukufanele ukufumana uncedo kuba kaloku ngoku wamkela ama-R400, njengoko engasayifumani ingeniso yama-R200.
Kuya kuqwalaselwa kuphela ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokugqibela ukususela ngomhla ophambi kokwenza isicelo xa kumiselwa into yokuba ingaba lo msebenzi akaphangeli ngokupheleleyo na okanye hayi. Kwakhona kubasebenzi basekhaya umhla wokubhubha komqeshi uya kuthathwa njengomhla wokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi. Isixa-mali soncedo esihlawulwayo siya kumiselwa yingxelo yokwazisa engeniswe ngumqeshi kwaye xa ingekho, igosa lobango liya kumisela ngokwalo uncedo olusekwe kumaxwebhu abubungqina angeniswe kwigosa lobango.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa umvuzo utshintsha-tshintsha?
Ukuba umvuzo uyatshintsha-tshintsha ngenyanga okanye ngeveki ngoko ke kufuneka kusetyenziswe umvuzo weenyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo ukubala inzuzo emayihlawulwe.
Zeziphi iintlobo zoncedo ezifunyanwa kwiNgxowa-mali?
Uncedo lwabondliwayo/ lwabaxhomekekileyo (Olokubhubha) (Icandelo 31).
Uncedo luhlawulwa kuphela xa umqeshi eziphelisa iinkonzo zomrhumi. Ukuba umsebenzi uyaziyekela/ okanye uyaqhwesha , akukho ncedo luhlawulwayo, ngaphandle kokuba oko kuphelelwa ngumsebenzi kungachazwa njengokusemthethweni.
Umrhumi kufuneka azuze uqeqesho nengcebiso ngobuchule bokusebenza ukuba uyalelwe njalo ligosa lobango. Ukuba umrhumi uyala ukufumana uqeqesho ngaphandle kwesizathu , lo mrhumi akasayi kubanelungelo loncedo lwemali.
Ngokuxhomekeka kumanqaku ayinzuzo uncedo lwemali lungahlawulwa kuye kuma kwiintsuku ezingama-238 nangeliphi ixesha leminyaka emine.
Uncedo lwemali oluhlawulwayo ngumahluko phakathi kwemali ehlawulwa ngumqeshi nomlinganiselo omiselelweyo kwishedyuli yoncedo ekuMthetho we-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli.
Uncedo lwemali oluhlawulwayo ngumahluko phakathi kwemali ehlawulwa ngumqeshi nomlinganiselo omiselweyo kwishedyuli yoncedo ekuMthetho we-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli.
Ngokuxhomekeka kumanqaku ayinzuzo, uncedo lungahlawulwa kuye kuma kwiintsuku ezili-121. Isicelo soncedo lokuya kubeleka, asilichaphazeli konke ilungelo lomrhumi kuncedo lokungaphangeli.
Uncedo lwemali oluhlawulwayo ngumahluko phakathi kwemali ehlawulwa ngumqeshi nomlinganiselo omiselweyo kwishedyuli yoncedo ekuMthetho we-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli.
Umlingane ophilayo kufuneka enze isicelo kwithuba leenyanga ezintandathu.
Uncedo oluhlawulwayo lulingana noncedo lokungaphangeli obe luya kuhlawulwa umrhumi ukuba ebesaphila.
Kunini apho umrhumi engenalungelo lokufumana uncedo?
Ukuba umrhumi ufumana iPenshini yeNtlalo ephuma kuRhulumente (asibalwa isibonelelo sokukhubazeka okanye sesondlo).
Ingxowa-mali ye-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli iseke iiKomiti zokuBhena zommandla ukuba zijongane neengxwaba-ngxwaba kuwo onke amaphondo. Indlalifa ekhathazekileyo ingafaka isibheno ngokuzalisa ifomu emiselweyo (UI 12), iyingenise ngesandla okanye ngeposi ichase isigqibo sikaKhomishina okanye segosa lobango ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo 37 kwiKomiti yokuBhena yommandla kumaziko ezemisebenzi eSebe lezemiSebenzi.
Yintoni uxanduva lomqeshi emva kokuphelelwa ngumsebenzi komsebenzi?
Umqeshi uzicima njani na kwiNgxowa-mali?
Abaqeshi bangaqhagamshelana neNgxowa-mali okanye nayo nayiphi i-ofisi yeSebe lezemiSebenzi bacele ukuba ubhaliso lucinywe. Inombolo yokwalathisa ye-UIF nomhla okwayekwa ngawo ukuhlawulwa kufuneka zixelwe. Ifomu UI-19 ehlaziyiweyo kufuneka ingeniswe kwiNgxowa-mali xa kuvalwa ishishini.
Umqeshi ulibhalisa njani na ishishini elitsha neNgxowa-mali?
Iifomu ezizalisiweyo zingaposelwa kwi- UIF, Pretoria, 0052. Nceda khumbula ukuba ukuposa kuhlawulelwa nguwe kwinto yonke oyithumela kwiNgxowa-mali.
Iya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani le nkqubo yobhaliso?
Lonke ubhaliso luya kuququnjelwa kwithuba leeyure ezingama-48 zakuba zifunyenwe iifomu zesicelo.
Umqeshi uya kuyazi njani into yokuba umsebenzi wakhe ubhalisiwe na kwiNgxowa-mali?
Ukuba ifomu UI-19 ezalisiweyo ingenisiwe ngokumalunga nabasebenzi bomqeshi lowo, umqeshi uya kuthunyelelwa iphepha eliqinisekisa ubhaliso.
Ingaba abasebenzi banikwa inombolo yokwalathisa eyahlukileyo?
Inombolo yokwalathisa inikwa umqeshi ukuze bonke abasebenzi abasebenzela lo mqeshi "bafakwe" kule nombolo yokwalathisa yomqeshi. Xa kukho imibuzo, kubalulekile ukuba kubizwe inombolo yokwalathisa yomqeshi nenombolo yeSazisi somsebenzi.
Ukuba sekubhaliswe ishishini neNgxowa-mali ingasetyenziswa na le nombolo yokwalathisa ukubhalisa umsebenzi wasekhaya?
Hayi. Umsebenzi wasekhaya kufuneka abhaliswe yedwa.
UMthetho wemiRhumo ye-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli, 2002 UMthetho No.
Ngokwemigqaliselo yalo Mthetho osele uxeliwe, abasebenzi basekhaya nabaqeshi babo banoxanduva lokurhuma kwiNgxowa-mali ukususela ngomhla woku-1 ku-Epreli 2003.
Ukuba umsebenzi wasekhaya usebenzela abaqeshi abaninzi, kufuneka umqeshi ngamnye ambhalise ngokwakhe umsebenzi lowo kwaye aqiniseke ukuba ubhalisiwe.
Apho umqeshi angumqeshi wezorhwebo aphinde abe ngumqeshi wasekhaya, kufuneka abhalise ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ithathwa njengobuqhophololo into yokuba xa abantu abazuza uncedo bebuyela emsebenzini baze bangayazisi iNgxowa-mali ukuba bayasebenza kwakhona, baqhube befumana uncedo.
Isatifiketi sokubhubha salowo ongasekhoyo (ukuba siso esinokusetyenziswa) (Isicelo asisayi kuqwalaselwa ngesatifiketi sokubhubha esivela kwilizwe langaphandle.
Qaphela: Bonke abaqeshi ekungekho mfuneko yokuba babhalise noSARS ngenxa yerhafu -PAYE okanye ngeenjongo zeSDL mabathumele imirhumo yabo ngqo kwi-Inshorensi yokungaphangeli.
QAPHELA: Qinisekisa ngalo lonke ixesha ukuba inombolo yokwalathisa yeUIF uyibhalile kwiphetshana lokufaka imali xa ufaka imali ebhankini.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_YEKA UKUTHULA KUMATYALA ESONDO.txt</fn>
Amatyala esondo abandakanya ukulalana ngaphandle kwemvume, ukuphathaphatha okungafunekiyo, okanye ukunyanzelwa ukuba uzibandakanye nezenzo zokwabelana ng esondo ezibanga iintloni.
Ungabavumeli abantu ongabaziyo kwikhaya lakho - nokuba kukho into abayizisayo okanye banika inkonzo.
Funa uxwebhu lwesazisi okanye utsalele umnxeba i-ofisi yakhe ukukhangela isazisi sakhe.
Ungaze uxelele nabani na ukuba uwedwa ekhaya - kwaye uqinisekise ukuba nabantwana bayakwazi ukukwenza oko.
Bazi abamelwane bakho - kwaye nonke nicebe ukuba ningaliphendula njani na ixesha lobunzima.
Sazi isikhululo sakho sasekuhlaleni samapolisa - kwaye uxoxe ngemicimbi yokhuseleko namapolisa.
Zibandakanye neenzame zothintelo lolwaphulo mthetho ekuhlaleni nequmrhu loluntu lwamapolisa okanye amapolisa.
Ungavumeli nabani na ukuba akuphathe ngendlela ekwenza uzive ungakhululekanga - qina kwaye ucace uthi HAYI!
Ungahambi kwitheko okanye kumbhiyozo wentlalo nomntu ongamaziyo okanye osanda kudibana naye - yithi HAYI!
Cela umhlobo ukuba umntu akakuhoyi xa usithi HAYI!
Khumbula: amaxhoba amaninzi odlwengulo ayamazi umdlwenguli . Unelungelo lokuthi HAYI!
Zama ukungatatazeli. Ingqondo yakho lolona khuselo lwakho.
Ngeke usoloko uzikhusela kwaye ukuxhathisa kwakho kungabanga ukwenzakala okungamandla.
Ukuba ngaba umhlaseli wakho unobungozi, yiba nentsebenziswano kwaye uzame ukuthethathethana. Ukuthoba asiyomvume.
Zama kwaye ukhumbule ukuba umhlaseli ebenjani na - iminyaka yakhe, uhlanga, ubude, umbala weenwele, iziva, imivambo, iimpahla, ilizwi, izihombisi ezinamatye anqabileyo.
Tswina, khwaza, khalisa impempe yakho, baleka ukuba unako.
Ungahlambi okanye utshintshe impahla yakho emva kohlaselo - gcina bonke ubungqina ukwenzela ukuba busetyenziswe ngamapolisa kuphando lwawo olungaphaya.
Ixhoba ngalinye lodlwengulo liphendula ngokwahlukeneyo - kodwa kungenzeka ukuba uncedeke.
ungenakulala, ube namaphupha amabi, ungatyi, ungayeki ukukhala okanye ufuna ukulibala ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kwaye uqhubeke nobomi bakho.
Iinkqubo zokuXhasa amaXhoba, abafundi namagcisa e-psychology, abacebisi, abakhathaleli bempilo okanye oonontlalontle, abaqeshi, abahlobo, usapho okanye amalungu ecawa - buza igosa lampolisa elisebenza ngetyala lakho ukuba lenze isincomo ngomntu onokukunceda.
Igosa lamapolisa liyakuthatha ingxelo. Akufunekanga ukuba ube wedwa - umhlobo okanye ilungu losapho linganawe ngexesha owenza ngalo ingxelo, ukuba ngaba akalilo ingqina elinokuba lilo kwityala lakho.
Ukuba ngaba kamva uva ngathi ingxelo yakho ibingalunganga okanye ingaphelelanga, ungenza enye ingxelo.
Ungayenza ingxelo ngolwimi lwakho (ukuba ngaba inokutolikwa).
Unelungelo lokuyikopa ingxelo yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha akwenzeki ukuba ufumane ikopi ngoko nangoko, kodwa ke uyakuyifumana kamva.
Igosa lamapolisa liya kukunika inombolo yetyala kwaye kufuneka ukuba uyisebenzise le nombolo nanini na ufuna ulwazi malunga netyala lakho.
Ukuba kukho imfuneko, igosa eliphandayo liyakuqinisekisa ukuba uyavavanywa ngumsebenzi wempilo okhathalelayo, oyakugcwalisa ingxelo yonyango kwaye aqokelele nobungqina bonyango.
Kufuneka ukuba uqinisekise ukuba igosa eliphandayo liyazi ukuba lingaqhagamshelana njani kwaye phi nawe ngawo onke amaxesha, kuqukwa naxa uhamba endaweni.
Amapolisa ayaliphanda ityala aze alidlulisele kwigqwetha likarhulumente ekuthiwa ngumtshutshisi. Inkonzo isimahla kuwe. Bonke igosa lamapolisa, igosa eliphandayo kunye nomtshutshisi bayakuba nako ukukunika ulwazi malunga netyala lakho.
Fumana inombolo yomxeba kwigosa eliphandayo ukwenzela ukuba ukwazi ukuba ulufumana phi na ulwazi malunga netyala lakho.
Zimanye nokuqaliweyo okusekelwe ekuhlaleni kweNkxaso yamaXhoba; qeqeshelwa ukuba livolontiya.
Luxele udlwengulo - kwaye uncede nabanye baluxele udlwengulo.
Ungazikhuseli izidlwengu - ungazifihli kwikhaya lakho okanye kuluntu - xelela amapolisa ngazo.
Khulisa amakhwenkwe akho ukuba abe ngamadoda okwenene - amadoda okwenene ayawahlonipha amabhinqa kwaye amadoda okwenene awadlwenguli.
Akukho namnye onelungelo lokukunyanzela ukuba wenze izenzo zokwabelana ngesondo, nokuba buyintoni na ubudlelwane bakho nalo mntu.
Khumbula -ukuxhatshazwa ngesondo ayisosiphosiso sakho.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_YEKA ubumenemene.txt</fn>
YEKA ubumenemene, ukukhohlakala, ukwaphula umthetho kunye nesimilo esimikhwa engekho sikweni.
I-Sebe liqalise ukuba nenombolo engahlawulelwayo esebenza iiyure ezingama-24 ukunika ingxelo yaso nasiphi na isityholo sobumenemene kunye nesimilo esimikhwa engekho sikweni.
Nokuba ngaba uye wanengcingane yokuxela igama lakho, ulwazi olo kunye nesazisi sakho luya kuhlala lulihlebo. Le mfonomfono ikhawulezileyo iya kusebenza iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezingama-365 ngonyaka. Ukutsala umnxeba akuhlawulelwa kwaye kunokwenziwa kuyo nayiphi na imfonomfono eyeyakho okanye ekawonkewonke kungekho ntlawulo eza kwenziwa kulowo utsala umnxeba.
Le mfonomfono ikhawulezileyo imiselwe ukunyusa umsebenzi onyanisekileyo kwaye ngexesha elinye ilungiselele abasebenzi indlela yolwakhiwo ukuthathela ingqalelo kusiwe ngaphambili kubaphathi kwayo nayiphi na indlela yokwenziwa kwezinto ngokungekho sikweni.
Eli lithuba lakho lokunceda uthintelo lwabo bonke ubumenemene, inkohlakalo, ukwaphula umthetho kunye nesimilo esimikhwa engekho sesikweni, enjengokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini kweli Sebe.
Ungazichazanga igama kodwa qiniseka okokuba unika lonke ulwazi kunye nenkcukacha (ngubani, yintoni, phi, njani kwaye nentsingiselo ebandakanyekayo) kulo mntu uphendula umnxeba.
Uza kunikwa inombolo yesingqiniso. Oku kugcine kulihlebo, njengoko uza kuyidinga xa ufuna ukutsala umnxeba kwakhona, xa unolwazi olongezelelekileyo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_YINTONI IMPAZAMISEKO YOKUSILELA KWI-AYODINI.txt</fn>
Abantwana abakhuli kakuhle. Baba bafutshane kunabantwana abaneminyaka elingana neyabo abafumana i-ayodini eyoneleyo.
Abantwana baye babe neengxaki zokufunda kwaye bangaqhubi kakuhle esikolweni.
Abantu badinwa ngokukhawuleza.
Abantwana bazalwa bebancinane.
Umonakalo wengqondo uyenzeka ebantwaneni.
Ukuphuma kwezisu okuzenzekelayo, njengabantwana abazalwa sele beswelekile kunye nokuphuma kwezisu.
Utya ukutya okungenayo i-ayodini eyaneleyo.
Kusebenzisa ityuwa ene-ayodini. Iyafumaneka kwiivenkile ezininzi ezithengisa ukutya.
Yitya ukutya okufana nentlanzi enamanzi anetyuwa, ukuba kuyenzeka.
Intwana encinane yetyuwa yetafile ene-ayodini yanele ukuba ithintele i-IDD.
Akukho mfuneko yokuba nabanina atye ityuwa ene-ayodini engaphaya. Ukuthatha imithamo emininzi ye-ayodini akuyi kwenza ukuba umntu aphaphe okanye akhule abe mde. Inyani kukuba, ityuwa eninzi inokwenyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi, into eyingozi kakhulu.
Ityuwa ene-ayodini ijongeka kwaye ingcamleka ngokufanayo netyuwa engenayo i-ayodini.
Gcina ityuwa yakho ene-ayodini kwisiqulatho esomileyo esinesiciko esibambayo okanye uyivalele kwingxowa yeplastiki, kuba i-ayodini iguquka ibe ngumphunga msinyane.
Faka kuphela intwana yetyuwa ene-ayodini ekutyeni xa ukutya sele kuza kuvuthwa, kuba inxenye ye-ayodini itshatyalaliswa bubushushu ngexa kuphekwa.
Wonke umntu ufuna ukutya okwahluka hlukeneyo kunye nentwana encinane yetyuwa ene-ayodini yonke imihla ngempilo entle kunye nokukhula kwengqondo nomzimba okungcono.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_YINTONI INGXOWA-MALI YE-APEX.txt</fn>
Ukuhlanganiswa kolondolozo ngomanyano lwamashishini kunye neminye imibutho yemveli efana nemibutho kamasingcwabane kunye nezitokfela.
Ukufaka isandla ekukhuleni koqoqosho kunye nokupheliswa kobuhlwempu eMzantsi Afrika ngokuba ngumlungelelanisi osebenzayo kwiinkonzo zemali encinane.
Ukwakha ishishini lemali encinane elibukhali eMzantsi Afrika.
Xhaswa kokuphuhliswa kwezakhono kwimibutho engamaqabane kunye nabaxhasi bayo ukuze kube lula ukuthabatha kwabo inxaxheba kwimisebenzi evelisayo yoqoqosho.
Ukuhlanganiswa kolondolozo ngomanyano kunye nolungiselelo lobolekiso ngenkunzi kumanyano lwamashishini kunye namaZiko eNtengo emali (Retail Finance Institutions) (RFI) njengendlela yokunabisa nokwenza nzulu ufikelelo kwiinkonzo zemali kwabo bahluphekileyo kunye nokugudisa iingxaki zabo zemali oko kusenzelwa ubomi obungcono.
Ingxowa-mali ye-Apex iya kusebenza ngemibutho engamaqabane ukuqhuba imiyalelo yayo ukufikelela kokujoliswe kuko kumgangatho wengingqi okufutshane kangangoko kwiimpembelelo kunye nokufikelela.
Kuhlanganiso lolondolozo ngomanyano akukho ndlela ikhethwayo, endaweni yoko ukuvezwa kokutsha kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo ezisekelwe kumava ziyakhuthazwa.
iNgxowa-mali yeMali-mboleko yeKhredithi eNcinane: Le nkqubo inika imali-mboleko eya kuma-R10 000 kwimizi kunye noosomashishini abancinane abaxhomekeke kumashishini abo amancinane ukuze baphile.
Ikhredithi encinane kuphuhliso lwamashishini amancinane.
Ingxowa-mali yokupheliswa kobuhlwempu kuba xhasi imizi yabo inengeniso ingaphantsi kwe-R1 500. Umbutho oliqabane uya kusebenzisa isixhobo esijolise kubuhlwempu ekuhloleni.
Ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono: Phantsi kwale nkqubo imali inikelwa ukwandisa iziko kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwalo ixesha elide.
Ukuhlanganyiswa kolondolozo ngomanyano: Oku kusebenza ekunyuseni kunye nasekukhuthazeni ukudalwa komanyano lwamashishini ngokwezenali kunye nezinye iziseko zolondolozo ngokwemveli ezifana nezitokfela kunye nemibutho kamasingcwabane kubutyebi ebumnini wabo iyingingqi nekwenziwe ngabo utyalo-mali.
i-Apex umsebenzi wayo iwuqhuba ngemibutho engamaqabane eyohlukeneyo, ngoko ke ukhetho lwayo olufanelekileyo lubalulekile kwaye luyaqhubeka.
Ekukhetheni umbutho, i-Apex ilandela imigaqo enokwahlulwa ngale mimandla ilandelayo: umbutho, umququzeleli, ulawulo, uphatho, izibonelelo zabasebenzi, ummandla wokusebenza, imisebenzi yendawo, ukusebenza kwangaphambili, iinkqubo zolawulo lolwazi, iinkqubo zocwangciso-mali.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_YINTONI UKWEBIWA KOMBANE.txt</fn>
Ukwebiwa kombane ngumceli mngeni ofuna ukususwa ukuba ngaba kufuneka ukuba ishishini lombane lihlale ligcinakelel kwaye liphila. Ngoba kutheni?
Akukho mthethweni: Ukweba kuthathwa njengesenzo solwaphulo-mthetho olohlwayelwayo ngumthetho. Ukusebenzisa umbane ngaphandle kokuba uwufakelwe kwindawo yawo esemthethweni okanye ubhalise njengomsebenzisi wombane ngumnikezi wakho wombane wasekuhlaleni ngokunjalo nokubhucabhuca imitha, kuthathwa njengokungekho mthethweni.
Ukulungisa le meko kuyakufuneka ukuba uqhagamshelane nomnikezi wakho wombane wasekuhlaleni kwaye wenze isicelo sokufakelwa umbane. Imali yokufakelwa umbane iyakufunwa kuwe phambi kokuba isicelo sakho siqwalaselwe.
Akulunganga: Akulunganga kubaxhasi abawuhlawulelayo umbane abawusebenzisayo.
Uphazamiso: Ufakelombane olungekho mthethweni luye lusoloko luwuthwalisa kakhulu umxokelelwano oku ke kuye kubange ukuwa okuye kuphazamise umbane. Ukuthwaliswa kakhulu kunokude kuchaphazele imimandla engabamelwane. Uphazamiso olubangwa yile meko ayisiyiyo impazamo yomnikezi wombane.
Umthwalo ogqithisileyo usenokukhokelela ekusindweni kwamandla ombane okunokuthi konakalise izixhobo zabaxhasi abahlawulayo. Aba baxhasi ngeke babenayo indlela yokufuna uncedo kumnikezi wombane, kuba ezi ngxaki aziveli kwicala lothungelwano lakhe okanye ukungahoyi kwicala lakhe.
Abanikezi bombane kufuneka ukuba bafumane ixabiso lemali yabo kumbane othengwe kubavelisi bombane. Ingeniso evela kwintengiso yombane inyusa indlela yokuphila kwaye inceda nomnikezi wombane ukuba ahlale kushishino. Ukwebiwa kombane ke ngoko kusongela ukunika izizukulwana zexa elizayo umbane.
Ilahleko yengeniso ithetha ukuba nemali eya kwinkqubo yofakelo mbane incinane. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abangenawo umbane kuya kufuneka ukuba balinde ithuba elide ukuze bafakelwe umbane.
Kuninzi lwezehlo ufakelo lombane olungekho mthethweni luyingozi kuba iikheyibhile zisoloko zingogqunywanga kwaye iziphumo zoku ingaba yilahleko yobomi.
Ilahleko yengeniso evela kwilahleko yentengiso ithetha ukuba le lahleko mayibuyekezwe kwenye indawo. Oku kuquka ukunyuka kuluhlu lwamaxabiso. Kwaye ngubani ochaphazelekayo Ngabaxhasi abawuhlawulelayo umbane wabo kuba le lahleko iye ifakwe ekunyukeni koluhlu lwamaxabiso?
Cebisa ummelwane wakho ukuba senziwa njani na isicelo sokufakelwa umbane.
Njengomsebenzisi wombane unemfanelo yokuzihlawulela iinkonzo ozifumeneyo. Ukuba ngaba unengxaki yeentlawulo ze-akhawunti yakho mhlawumbi imitha ehlawulelwe ngaphambili ingaba sisisombululo kuwe. Ngaloo ndlela uyakuba nako ukukulawula ukusebenzisa kwakho umbane. Ukwebiwa kombane kuchaphazela bonke abasebenzisi bombane hayi kummandla wakho kuphela kodwa nakweminye ngokunjalo kwaye ineziphumo ezibi.
Izikhalazo zinokudluliselwa kulawulo njengecebo lokugqibela. Abaxhasi bayakhuthazwa ukuba baqhagamshelane nabanikezi mbane babo ngqo kwaye bafake izikhalazo kubo. Ukuba ngaba awufumani ukwaneliseka ungawudlulisela umcimbi ku-Lawulo lukaZwelonke loMbane oluya kuphanda egameni lakho.
Kukulawula ishishini lombane ngokungqinelana nenkqubo karhulumente kunye nomthetho, nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathelelani bombane abakhoyo nabexa elizayo ngeyona ndlela yoneleyo, engabizi kakhulu negcinakeleyo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Yeka ukutshaya.txt</fn>
Intlaka eyinicorette ikunika ulawulo olusebenza ngamandla ekunqanqathekeni ikwenza oko ngenkqubo yethamo enobumvoco/engabophelelekanga.
Ipetshi yenicorette ilawula ukunqanqatheka ngokukunika ithamo elilwulekayo neziphumo eziqhuba ixesha imini yonke. Inicorette efunxwa ngomlomo igcina izandla zakho zixakekile, ngoko ke ukuba ukhumbula isiqhelo sakho sokutshaya ngokususa icuba esandleni ulise emlonyeni, le yiyona ikufanele ngakumbi.
Ungade Uncame konke ngenxa Yokutshaya?
Kunzima kangakanani ukuyeka ukutshaya?
Kutheni kufanele uyeke?
Ubanjwe yintoni ke?
Ingqula yam yasuswa emva kokuba nomhlaza owenziwa kukutshaya.
Ndandicinga ukuba ayinakundehlela mna le nto. Hayi andinakuba nomhlaza kodwa ndandinganyanisekanga.
Uya kufuna ukuyeka ukutshaya, koko awazi indlela omawenze ngayo Ngokoke le ncwadana ikufanele?
Siza kukunceda ukuba uyeke mpela- ngokuchaza ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa uyeka ukutshaya, kutheni isenzeka nendlela yokuhlasela iingxaki onokuhlangabezana nazo.
Ndandinoloyiko olukhulu lokuyeka. Ndandidla ngokuzixelela ukuba: " Ndinoxinzelelo olukhulu, ndinobuphakuphaku, andikakulungeli. Yayibonakalo iyingxaki enkulu. Ndade ndazama, ndayeka kungoku nje ndithe nqa ukuba yayiyintoni na ingxaki" (Ndanditshaya ezingama-30 ngemini iminyaka eli-12 yonke).
Abanye abantu bayifumana iyinto elula ukuyeka ukutshaya. Abambalwa bafumanisa iyinto enzima kakhulu. Kodwa kuninzi lwabantu, ukuyeka ukutshaya yinto enzima kakhulu okanye engenakwenzeka.
Ndakhetha umhla othile ndaza andajika, ndabambelela kuwo. Kwaba lula kunokuba ndandicinga emva kweengxoxo ngokurhoxa.
Ndazama amaxesha amathathu. Ekugqibeleni ndasoloko ndizigcinele ipakethe apha kum. Ndasebenzisa ukuzimisela okukhulu ndaphantse ndaphambana iiveki ezintathu zonke.
Mna nomhlobo wam sagqiba ukuzama kunye. Sancedana kwaye kwaba lula.
Ndiziva ndizole ndizole ngolona hlobo kwaye ndonwabile. Xa ndijonga emva kwakungekho nzima kangako.
Ndathi nje ukuba ndenze isigqibo sokuyeka, ndanako ukukwenza oko.
Ngaphezu kwamawaka angama-40 amaMelika, i-11 lamawaka amaBritani namawaka abemi boMzantsi Afrika ayeka kwaphela ukutshaya. Babonise ukuba xa ufuna ngenyani ukuyeka ungayeka.
Jongana ngqo nale nto uyoyikayo, ze ulahle olo loyiko.
Zininzi izizathu zokuyeka. Phantse ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuphila ixesha elide kwaye uve intlungu nezifo/ukugula kancinci. Ukukreqa kurhumrheko olunamandla njengomdiza kuya kwenza uzive kamnandi ngesiqu sakho.
Nazi ezinye zeenzuzo zokuyeka ukutshaya: Phawula ezo zibalulekileyo kuwe.
Andisayi kungcolisa umoya oza kuphefumlwa ngabanye abantu.
Yiba nomfanekiso wentlalo nempilo yakho engenamsi.
Gqibezela esi sivakalisi ke ngoku, ngokubhala phantsi ezona zizathu zokuyeka ezizezakho ezibalulekileyo.
Ndigqibe ukuba ndiyeke kuba...
EMzantsi Afrika izifo ezenziwa licuba zibulala malunga nama-25 0000 unyaka nonyaka. Oko kulingana nenqwelomoya eyijumbo ewileyo ize ibulale wonke umntu okhwele kuyo NGAZO ZONKE IINTSUKU EZINTLANU.
Kutheni kuyingozi kangaka nje ukutshaya Eh?
kuqala kwangoko ukuyeka ukuya exesheni nesifo samathambo nezihlunu.
Ngaphaya koko iintsana ezizelwe ngoomama abatshayayo zikholisa ukuzalwa zingcokochile, okanye zizalwe sezingasekho, okanye zisweleke phambi kokugqiba unyaka zizelwe.
Ndaphuza intombi eyayisisithandwa sam sokuqala ndatshaya umdiza wam wokuqala kwangaloo mini inye; Andikaze ndifumane ixesha lecuba ukususela ngoko.
Iingxaki zesifuba ezifana ne-emfizema (emphysema) zingakushiya ungolele ebhedini iminyaka emininzi, kukugula, usilwela umphefumlo ngamnye.
Abatshayi bakholisa ukuqalwa ziingxaki zabo zempilo xa beminyaka ingama-30 ukuya kuma-40, kodwa nabatshayi abane-18 leminyaka yobudala abomelelanga njengabahlobo babo abangatshayiyo.
Ukuyeka kwakho ukutshaya kungayinzuzo nakwizizalwane kwanezihlobo zakho.
Wena, usapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo bakho niqalisa ukuzuza ngomhla oyeka ngawo ukutshaya.
Ngamanye amaxesha ndihlala phambi kwesipili ndizijonge xa ndirhabula loo msi unetyhefu. Ukuba ndandiseluvalelweni ze omnye umntu andenzise oku, ndandingafuna ukumbulala.
Ngexesha elingangeeyure ezi-2 zokuyeka, ininzi inikhothini esegazini elisemzimbeni wakho.
ukuba izinto ezidalwa yinikhothini ziphume emzimbeni wakho.
Kwiiyure ezi-6 intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokucotha ze uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luhle kancinci.
ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho lubuyele esiqhelweni.
Kwakho ukuhlala ngolu hlobo kuya kukhula.
Kwiintsuku nje ezingephi uya kuqalisa ukunuka pholileleyo. Izimvo zakho zokungcamla ziya kusebenza kakuhle ze uluvo lwakho lokuva ivumba lubuyele esiqhelweni. Ungeva ulonwabo emva kokuphumelela kwinto obucinga ukuba ayinakufikeleleka.
ISiliya eyinkqubo edaliweyo yokucoca umzimba, iya ichacha ngokuchacha.
Kungathatha ixesha elimalunga neenyanga ezintathu phambi kokuba isiliya iphelelise ukuchacha ukuze itshayele icoce ngempumelelo amajelo emiphunga.
nje iya kube isebenza ngcono imiphunga yakho. Kuya kuba lula nokuqeqesha umzimba wakho ngentshukumo.
Ngeenyanga ezi-2 nje, sekunyukile ukuthululeka kwegazi kumalungu akho.
Emva kwenyanga ezi-3, iya kube isebenza ngokufanelekileyo inkqubo yokucoca imiphunga yakho. Ukuba uyindoda, izipem (amadlozi) zakho ziya kubuyela ekusebenzeni ngesiqhelo kwaye nenani lazo liya kwanda.
Kancinci kancinci, amalungu neeseli zegazi ezikhusele imiphunga yakho zibuyela kwisiqhelo. Kungathatha ithuba elide oku.
Emva kweenyanga ezili-12, umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sokukrala koonothumela bemithambo abasa igazi entliziyweni umalunga nesiqingatha somngcipheko wabo basaqhubekayo nokutshaya. Ngexeshana nje leminyaka emi-5, umngcipheko wesifo somhlanza wemiphunga, kucutheke ngesiqingatha.
Emva kweminyaka eli-15, umngcipheko wesifo sokukrala koonothumela bemithambo abasa igazi entliziyweni phantse kube kufana twatse nokwabantu abangatshayiyo.
Makhe siqwalasele le nto kuthiwa "luyolo". Ikwenza ukhohlele, ihlaba umqala wakho, ishiya ukungcola eminweni yakho, ingcolisa umoya, inobungozi bokutshisa, kwaye emva kwesiyolisi sakho aweneli de uphinde usifumane kwakhona.
Ukutshaya kuthembisa ngokuba ngumhlobo, kodwa kuyakujikela. Kuthatha ixesha lakho, amandla akho nemali yakho. Eyona nto imbi kakhulu kukuba kungade kuthathe nobomi bakho. Hlobo luni lomhlobo ke olo?
Inyaniso kukuba kunye qha ukuxhalaba okuthomalala ngenxa yokutshaya, kukunqanqathekela omnye umdiza! Kukho iindlela ezinempilo zokuhlangabezana nenkxalabo kunecuba. (jonga iphepha 24).
Kungakho umahluko kweli lixa. Uncedo lukufutshane kukuba nje "utsale uphakamise umnxeba". Fowunela ku- 720 3145. Iingcebiso ezikule ncwadana zisebenzele amawaka abo babesakutshaya. Funda ngeziphoso zakho zangaphambili ze uphumelele kweli lixa.
Gqiba ngomhla oza kuyeka ngawo (ungenzi izigqibo ZOKUZAMA). Mayibe ngumhla ongazuba phantsi konxinzelelo oluninzi, kodwa ungalinge uzinike isizathu sokulubekela kude usuku lwakho lokuyeka. Beka usuku malunga neveki ukususela ngoku ze ulungiselele ingqondo yakho ukuba uphume.
Izizalwane, abahlobo noogxa basemsebenzini bangaluncedo olukhulu kumntu ofuna ukuyeka ukutshaya.
Ncedani nindinyamezele xa ndishiywa ngumsindo okanye ndingenaluzinzo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zasemva kokuba ndiyeke ukutshaya. Oku kuza kuphela kamsinya.
Ningandihendi. Ukubona nokuva ivumba lomdiza kuya kwenza kube nzima kum ukuyeka. Ngoko ke, ningandiniki umdiza. Kwaye, xa kunokwenzeka ningatshayi phambi kwam.
Yibani luncedo kum. Yithini rhoqo ukundixelela ukuba ndiyavuya mna mntu uyekileyo ukutshaya.
Ndivuzeni kwaye nindincome. Yenzani izinto ezincinci ezibonisa ukuba ninebhongo ngam.
Musani ukundichukela. Qondani.
ndikhuthazeni xa ndisiva kunzima. Ndixeleleni ukuba mandihlale ndiqhubeka.
Zama ukufumana omnye umntu owayeka ukutshaya ukuba abe ngumxhasi wakho mayibe ngumntu oyihambileyo naye le ndlela. Funa umntu onokubhenela kuye nanini na - umntu oya kumamele angagwebi. Ungade ufune nokubhalisa kwiqela/ umbutho elixhasa abo bayeke ukutshaya- xa ngaba likhona kwingingqi yakho.
Uza kudinga izinto eziza kuthatha indawo yokutshaya. Ungafumana ukwaniliseka komlomo ngamashwamshwam aneekhalori ezisezantsi, itshuwingi gam, okanye imicinga yokuvungula. Ungaxakekisa izandla zakho ngeepensile, amaso okugqithisa ixesha lokukhathazeka okanye ibhola yesikwashi.
Ungenza izigqibo zokuba ingaba uza kusebenzisa iipetshi zolusu, itshuwingi gam okanye isitshutshuzi somlomo esinenikhothini. La mancedo angasebenza kakhulu ekukuncediseni ukunciphisa iimpawu zokurhoxa emva kokuba uyekile ukutshaya. Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti yakho, ngokukhawuleza. Kanti ke usenokuphuma ungasebenzisanga mancedo.
Kufuneka uzivuze ngezinto ezithile, kuba kaloku wenza inguqu enkulu ebomini bakho. Cwangcisa izinto ezincinci oza kuzivuza ngazo nonokuzinika zona kule ndima uyihambayo.
Ungazihlawula ngokusebenzisa le mali ubuza kuthenga ngayo imidiza. Imizekelo yoku ziincwadi, iintyatyambo, izithambiso ezipholisa iintlungu zomqolo nokuzinika ixesha elaneleyo lokwenza izinto ezikonwabisayo. Beka imali oyisindise ecubeni enkonkxeni ze uyibuke isanda ngokwanda. Thengela iqabane lakho nabantwana izipho ukubabulela ngokukunceda.
Elona thuba lakho lokuphumelela kukohlukana mpela nemidiza kunokwehlisa kancinci inani olithathayo ngemini. Xa unokuzama ukwehlisa inani lemidiza, umdiza ngamnye uba ngobalulekileyo kuwe, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuncama imidiza yokugqibela embalwa.
Kodwa ke, abantu abafani mhlawumbi ungakhetha ukuhla kancinci kancinci kwinani olithatha ngemini, phambi kokuba uphume mpela.
Qala ngokwehlisa inani lokumpakuza umdiza ngamnye. Qala ngokuzoba isangqa kumdiza wakho esizikithini sawo. Tshaya uphele kweli nqanaba lisesizikithini ukhe ume. Sijikelezise ngokusehlisa isangqa ukuze uye utshaya intwana yomdiza kancinci kancinci.
Beka ibhanti yelastiki uyijikelezise ipakethi yakho yomdiza ukuze unyanzeleke ukuba uyisuse phambi kokuvula isiciko sepakethi. Ngokuqinisekileyo oku kuya kwenza ukuba uziyekele ukufikelela emdizeni kuba kofuneka wenze isigqibo sokutshaya esisezingqondweni.
Ngoko ke ukususela namhlanje, tshaya kuphela loo midiza oyifuna nyhani.
Tshaya imidiza eyeyakho kuphela wale yonke oyiphiwayo ukususela ngoku.
Lahla yonke imidiza yakho, ungashiyi nomnye.
Qinisekisa ukuba awunamidiza ishiyekileyo, nditsho nezitompi.
Lahla yonke imatshisi neelayitha nditsho nezitya zokukhongozela uthuthu.
Xa into ungayiboni ude uyilibale.
Endaweni yemidiza sebenzisa ngeegam ezingenaswekile, izitro zokufunxa isiselo, imicinga yokuvungula okanye amaso okuyekisa ukukhathazeka oku ukwenzela ukugcina izandla zakho nomlomo wakho zixakekile.
Jonga icala elihle. Ukuyeka ukutshaya ngumngeni. Ungakwenza!
Ukuba usebenzisa izinto zokunceda ezifana negam yenikhothini, iipetshi okanye isitshutshuzi, qinisekisa ukuba uyakwazi ukuzisebenzisa. Fundisisa kakuhle imigaqo nemiyalelo engaphakathi.
Tshaya umdiza wakho wokugqibela uthi ndlela-ntle kutshaba lwakho oludala.
Namhlanje lusuku olubalulekileyo kuwe- yimini YOKUPHUMA. Yimini yokuzenzela okuhle. Ngcambaza kancinci ungazixheshi ngamandla.
Ukuyeka ukutshaya umphelo kubonakala njengenyathelo elikhulu. Ngako oko thatha inyathelo libe linye ngexesha. Musa ngokucinga ngokungaze utshaye kwakhona. Cinga ukuphuma njengenyathelo elinye ngexesha.
ze ke ungakhe. Yenza imini yakho yokuqala ukuba ibe ngumhla omkhulu. Mhlawumbi vuka emva kwexesha nokwana. Sela ijusi yeziqhamo njengesidlo sakho sakusasa. I-asidi ekuyo iya kunceda ekukhupheni inikhothini. Lungisa into oza kuzivuza ngayo ukuphela kwemini ukuzibulela kuba ungatshayanga. Yiba nebhongo ze uncome impumelelo yakho ekupheleni kwemini nganye.
Injongo yakho kukugqiba imini. Zamana nayo ibe nye into kwezikuxheshayo uyoyise.
Khulisa ubume meko ekungqongileyo enomoya opholileyo nobungenamsi.
Hambela kude kubantu abatshayayo. Chitha ixesha elininzi nabantu abangatshayiyo.
Hambela kude neendawo obuqhele ukutshaya kuzo kwaye ungahlali kwiindawo ezihlala abantu abatshayayo.
Kwiveki yokuqala okanye eyesibini, zama ukungaseli tywala, kofu nezinye iziselo ozayamanisa nokutshaya.
Zixelele ukuba: " Ndikhetha ukungatshayi."
Zifundise "ooD aba-5 oma ubenze" abadweliswe apha ngezantsi.
Sebenzisa igam yenikhothini, iipetshi okanye isitshutshuzi xa ugqibe ekusebenziseni enye yazo.
Yinto elula le, kodwa yindlela enempumelelo yokuthintela ukutshaya. Enyanisweni ufanele ukusela iiglasi zamanzi ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 ngemini. Amanzi aya kukunceda ekukhupheni inikhothini emzimbeni wakho. Ungaseli amanzi amaninzi kakhulu xa ngabe usebenzisa iipetshi zenikhothini, igam okanye isitshutshuzi.
Xa singaguquki asikhuli. Ukuba asikhuli asiphili ngokwenene[ukukhula] kunokuthetha ukuncama iindlela esiziqhelileyo.
Zigcine uzolile upholile ngokuphefumla nzulu.
Ukuzigcina uxakekile kunokukunceda ukugcina ingqondo yakho kude nemidiza.
Umzekelo, emva kokudla musa ukulibazisa ngokuhlala etafileni- hlamba izitya, coca amazinyo akho, phuma uhambahambe phandle, hlamba imoto okanye uhlambe inja.
Bhala uludwe lwemisebenzi ekhawulezayo nelula ze wenze omnye wayo xa ukunqanqatheka kukuxheshile. Ungazama nokwenza icross word puzzle. Mamela umculo. Hlafuna umnqathe (ikherothi). Ngena ebhafini eza kunika ukuphumla.
Ukuxhesheka kukufuna ukutshaya kuthatha nje imizuzu embalwa kuphinde kunyamalale. Xa ungaxheshekanga kakhulu ungalinda de kuphele. Bala uye kufika ku-100, okanye yenza isicengcelezo esifutshane okanye umthandazo omfutshane. Kungoyiswa ukunqanqatheka.
Zinike imiyalelo: "Ungalinge uyenze!", "Yima", "Kunganzima oku, kodwa ndinako ukukwenza."
xa uqalisa ukucinga indlela ekungamnandi ngayo ukutshaya, ungase ube nomfanekiso ngqondweni wemiphunga emnyama kukungcoliswa yitha. Okanye cinga indlela abanokudana ngayo abantu xa unokubuyela ekutshayeni.
Zikhumbuze ngezinto ezenza uyityhafele imidiza okanye ezenza ukuvuyele ukuyeka.
Xa usiva umzimba wakho uphantsi, zikhuthaze ngokuzenzela umfanekiso ngqondweni ngawe uphile ungumqemane, uphefumla lula kwaye ubonwabele ubomi. Ngubani ofuna into erhuqekayo?
Mhlawumbi ungayifumana inzima kakhulu iveki yokuqala emva kokuyeka.
Emva koko, noko iingxaki ziya ziba lula noko.
Abanye abantu ababi nazingxaki zazintlungu ezizezinye, kodwa uninzi lwabantu lunganeempawu ezithile ezimbalwa. Ezi mpawu zidla ngokunyamalala emva kweeveki ezimbini, kodwa ezinye ezifana nokunqanqatheka nokulamba, zingathatha ixesha elide.
Kudla ngokuthatha iinyanga ezintathu phambi kokuba uzive kamnandi nobomi bakho obutsha njengomntu ongatshayiyo.
Akukho bantu babini bakhe bafane- ungowedwa. Amacebiso amaninzi okumelana nokuyeka ukutshaya aya kukusebenzela- ngeli xa amanye engayi kukunceda. Kukuwe ke ukuba ukhethe ezo zikusebenzelayo.
Ndingase ndibe ngongatshayiyo ohlal'ahlale anqanqathekele ukutshaya kunokuba ngumtshayi osoloko enomnqweno wokuyeka.
Unokuqaphela iinguqulelo zasemzimbeni nezasenyameni emva kokuyeka ukutshaya. Ezi ziya kuthatha iintsukwana ezimbalwa emva kokuyeka kwaye zizeziqhelekileyo.
nikhothini phambi kokuba kuphele. Zixakekise ngokwenza nokuba yintoni de olu vakalelo luphele- sela amanzi, yenza intshukumo yokuphefumla.
qwana zexesha uphumle. Qiniseka ukuba udla ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukukhohlela Imiphunga yakho ikhupha Rhabula amanzi ashushu.
Ukuxhalaba, Amaqondo egazi asezantsi, Hambahamba, hlamba ebhafini ukucaphuka enikhothini ngamanzi ashushu, uzame iindlela zokuphumla. Xelela omnye umntu ngendlela ova ngayo.
Uxinzelelo Mhlawumbi nalo lwenziwa Uqeqesho lomzimba kancinane nje kukunqongophala ukuhamba ngamandla imizuzu kwenikhothini emihlanu okanye elishumi kunganceda ekuguquleni uvakalelo lwakho. Zingasonjululwa iingxaki zakho.
okanye kancinci kancinci.
Ukulamba Inguqulo yokutya emzimbeni Yidla iipopkhoni, iikherothi, iipruni ibuyela esiqhelweni namashwamshwam aneekalori ezincinci. Zama ukutya izidlo ezincinci ezithandathu ngemini.
Sela amanzi amaninzi.
Ukungalali Zifake ebhafini enamanzi ashushu kakuhle usele iglasi yobisi olushushu phambi kokuba ulale. Ukuba awukwazi kulala vuka ufunde-mamela irediyo.
Ukushukumisa umzimba phambi kokulala kusenokukunceda.
Gcina ungcamlo olupholileyo emlonyeni ufun'ukulila, izilonda emlonyeni.
Nanga amacebo alula okukunceda ukuba uzive uzolile. Okokuqala, phungula ingxolo ekufutshane nawe. Hlala kamnandi, vala amehlo ze uphefumle ngokuzolileyo. Ingqondo yakho yizikise ekuphefumleni ze ubize igama elithi "inzolo" okanye "zola" njengoko uphefumlela ngaphandle. Emva kwemizuzu emi-5 okanye eli-10 uya kuziva uhlaziyekile.
Isiqhelo sesokuba abantu abatshayayo banda nge 2kg (ubunzima bomzimba) emva kokuyeka ukutshaya. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kwenziwa kukuba umzimba wakho usebenzisa amandla amancinci kunangaphambili. Amaxesha amaninzi kungoba abantu abasanda kuyeka bayatya endaweni yokutshaya.
Cwangcisa izidlo zakho.
Soloko ushukumisa umzimba- yenza iintshukumo ngakumbi umzkl.
Ungaxhalabi xa bunokwanda ubunzima bomzimba wakho.
Ukutshaya asiyondlela yokulawula ubunzima bomzimba: Kukho iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokwenza oko. Inzuzo efumaneka ekuyekeni ukutshaya ingaphaya lee kweyomngcipheko wokongeza iikhilogrem ezimbalwa kubunzima bomzimba wakho. Xa ufuna ezinye iinkcukacha ngokutya ngendlela enempilo fowunela umnxeba woncedo w woMbutho weNtliziyo waMazantsi e-Afrika (Heart Foundation of Southern Africa) ongu-0800 223 222.
Kukho into engahambanga kakuhle! Utshaye umdiza. Unesazela kwaye usengozini yokuphindela ekutshayeni. Akukho mfuneko yokuba wenze oko!
Umahluko phakathi kokuba nokwenzeka nokungabi nakwenzeka uxhomekeke ekuzimiseleni komntu.
Funda ngamava. Yintoni ekususileyo ukuba utshayeIbikukubona okanye ukuva ivumba lomdiza Ubusiva unxinzelelo Yintoni ongowuyenzile ukunqanda ukuba ungatshayi Uza kumelana njani novakalelo oluxheshileyo olufuna utshaye kwixa elizayo?
Ngoku ke phindela kwizizathu zakho zokuba uyeke ukutshaya ze uzixelele ukuba: "Andizukuyeka lo mzamo umke namanzi. Ndisengongatshayiyo!" Ngoku ke qalisa kulaa ndawo ubuyeke kuyo.
Usuku ngaluNye ngeXesha...
Namhlanje unomceli mngeni owaneleyo; kutheni ungalihlaseli nje lona ingomso Sebenzisa izixhobo zakho ezinje nge "Survival Kit" yakho, umntu okuxhasayo, ukuphefumla nzulu, nokuqeqesha umzimba ngentshukumo?
Qina, womelele! Eyona ndima inzima iza kugqitha ingaphelanga iveki, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ithathe iinyanga ezi-3 ukuze uzive kamnandi njengomntu ongatshayiyo.
Ukususela kwiveki yesi-2 ukuya kweyesi-6...
Emva kokugqutha kweyona ndima inzima yomzimba eyenziwa kukurhoxa, kusengafuneka ujongane nedabi lengqondo. Ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba uyazivuza ngokuhambela kude nomdiza. Xa kufika kwakhona ukunqanqatheka, thetha nesiqu sakho, ungakuvumeli. Zikhumbuze ukuba: "Ndikhetha ukungatshayi." Yithi: "HAYI! Namhlanje, ngomso nakuyo yonke imihla emva koko.
Ukucinga ukuba umdiza omnye awunakuba nabungozi- uya kuba nabo. Bambalwa kakhulu abantu abanokutshaya nje ngelo xesha. Ungumntu otshayayo okanye ungongatshayiyo, qwaba ke.
Umbhiyozo. Ukuba phakathi kwabatshayi nobukho botywala yingozi edibeneyo- ngoko ke luka. Ungakhe uzinike imvume yokutshaya; zinike imvume yokuba ngosempilweni entle.
Uqhube kakuhle! Uyekile ukutshaya. Kodwa ke ukuyeka yenye into, UKUHLALA UNGENAMSI WACUBA KUWE, yenye into eyahlukileyo tu.
Ngeli xesha uya kube selufumanise ukuba abantu sebeyekile ukuthetha nokuthetha ngempumelelo yakho nangendlela oqhuba kakuhle ngayo. Ngokunokwabo, konke kugqithile. Kodwa wena wazi ngcono. UNGALINGE UVUMELE UKUBA LIHLE IZINGA LOKUZIMISELA KWAKHO. Ukuhlala ukhululekile emidizeni ikwasisiqhelo. Okukhona uhlala ixesha elide ungatshayi, kukhona loo nto iya kukhangeleka njengedaliweyo.
Kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani phambi kokuba kuphele ukurhalela ukutya?
Kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukuba nini kanye. Kwabanye abantu kuthatha nje iintsuku ezimbalwa. Kwabanye ukurhalela ukutshaya kuthatha ixesha elidana nangona kuya kuba lula ngokuba lula.
Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuphelisa ukurhala kukuba ulambe ufe. Ukba ukuvala ngokutshaya- kuya kukhula.
Kutheni le nto kunzima kangaka ukushiya umdiza?
Oko nje ulindele ukonwabela isigarethi, okanye ulindele ukuba sikunike ukonwaba-umnqweno wakho wokutshaya awunakuze uphele. Uya kukhululeka kwiisigarethi kuphela xa ukutshaya kungenandima ebomoni bakho.
Ngokuqinisekileyo umdiza omnye awunakuba bungozi emva kokuba ndiyekile ukutshaya?
Umdiza nje omnye ungakhokhelela "komnye kuphela" kwaye phambi kokuba uqabuke, uya kube ubuyela umva kulaa ndawo wawuqale kuyo.
Andinakutshaya ube mnye nje kuphela ukwenzela ukuzivavanya, okanye ukuzikhumbuza ukuba kwakunjani ukutshaya?
Ezi zizizathu zokutshaya. Ukuba ulibele ukuba umdiza uvakala njani- vuya. Akukho mfuneko yakuba uzivavanye ngokulinga omnye umdiza kwakhona. Sele uphumelele olona vavanyo lubalulekielyo. Uyekile ukutshaya.
Kungathini ukuba ndiyaqalisa kwakhona?
Ungancami, le nto ayithethi kuthi woyisakele. Asinguye wonke umntu ophumelelayo kwilinge lokuqala. Uninzi lwabantu bazama amaxesha amaninzi phambi kokuba bayeke mpela. Ngalo lonke ixesha uzama, ungafunda into eza kukunceda kwixa elizayo. Ngoko ke, nangona ucinga ukuba woyisakele, usenokuphumelela.
Zilungiselele, khetha usuku lokuyeka kwakhona, qhubekela phambili, UQALE IQALO ELITSHA! Kodwa ke kungcono UKUPHUMA KUBE KANYE UHLALE UPHUMILE.
Zinoncedo olungakanani igam yenikhothini, iipetshi nesitshutshuzi?
Ezi, zivunyiwe ukuba zisebenza ngempumelelo.
Ndakwazi njani xa sendikhululekile?
Xa ungasacingi nokucinga ngemidiza. Xa ungasabali zintsuku. Xa sel'uyekile nokudlisela ngokuyeka, kodwa uvuyela ukuba ukwenzile oko. Xa ukuba ngumntu ongatshayiyo kubonakala njengento edaliweyo neqhelekileyo.
Nceda uqhakamshelane nogqirha wakho ukufumana amanye amacebo neenkcukacha.
ukuya kuma-55. Amachaphaza amancinci amnyama ziindumba zekhabhoni ezenziwa kukuphefumla umoya ongcolileyo wasesixekweni (idolophu).
Umphunga orhabaxa onomhlaza wahlukile ngenkangeleko kulowo uqhelekileyo, ungena nto.
Le nto ikhulileyo imhlophe kwisiphelo esiphezulu ngumhlaza.
Asinguwe okanye abantu abakuthandayo ekufanele ukuba bajongane nomlo ololu hlobo. Kuyacaca ukuba ukuyeka ukutshaya akukho nzima njengokungayeki.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Yintoni iHuman Immunodeficiency Virus.txt</fn>
I-HIV intsholongwane ebanga i-AIDS. I-HIV ifumaneka egazini nakwezinye izinto ezimanzi emzimbeni (ngakumbi amadlozi, ubumanzi belungu langasese lebhinqa, nobisi lwamabele) lwabantu abosulelwe yintsholongwane.
I-AIDS yimeko eyenzeka xa ukosuleleka yi-HIV sele kwenzeke kakhulu. Yenzeka xa amandla okulwa izifo ephelile ngenxa yokosuleleka yi-HIV, into eyenza umzimba ungakwazi ukulwa okunye ukosuleleka nezifo. I-AIDS ayikokugula okunye, kodwa ligama elinikwa ukugula okuninzi abanokuba nako abantu (ezifana neTB nenyumoniya).
Ingaba umntu uyifumana kanjani na iHIV?
Ukosulelwa yiHIV kusasazeka egazini nakwezinye izinto ezimanzi (ngakumbi amadlozi, ubumanzi belungu langasese lebhinqa nobisi lwamabele) lwabantu abasulelekileyo. Awungeze umbone umntu one-HIV nje ngokumjonga.
ngokudluliselwa ngumama elusaneni ngexesha lokumitha, lokuzala, okanye lokuncancisa.
Indlela yokuziphatha ngendlela ethile kubeka abantu emngciphekweni wokosulelwa yiHIV.
Ukuba nomsebenzi (ofana nokuba ngunompilo) ekubeka esichengeni segazi okanye olunye ulwelo bomzimba.
Ukuba nesifo esosulelwa ngokulalana nako kuyawandisa umngcipheko wokosulela okanye wokufumana iHIV. Umzekelo, ezi zifo ezenza izilonda zenza indawo yokungena yentsholongwane egazini nasemzimbeni.
Abasebenzi bezempilo mabaziqhelise inkqubo emiselweyo yokuzikhusela ngawo onke amaxesha.
Kuwo onke amaqela abantu abadala bekukho abafazi abaninzi kunamadoda abaphila neHIV/AIDS. Oku kungqinelana kwezini kulusizi phakathi kolutsha oluminyaka ingama 15-24 apho bekukho malunga nabafazi abane ngendoda nganye eyosulelweyo.
Kutheni abafazi besengozini nje?
Izizathu ngokwakheka komzimba - abafazi bakhiwe ngendlela ebabeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokosulelwa yiHIV kunamadoda ngenxa yokulala nabesinye isini. Ukungalingani ngokwesini kwandisa ukuba lixhoba lokosulelwa yiiHIV kumadoda nabafazi. Amadoda awakho semngciphekweni kakhulu wokosulelwa njengabafazi kodwa batshatshele ekuyisasazeni kunabafazi. Ukudlwengulwa kuno kwandisa amathuba okuba abafazi namantombazana bosulelwe yiHIV kuba ukudlwengullwa akwenzeki kwimeko apho kusetyenziswa ikhondom. Ubundlobongela bokudlwengulwa kwenza umngcipheko ophezulu wokwenzakala kumalungu esini nokopha (loo nto isandisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka yiHIV). Kanti kwimeko yokudlwengulwa liqela labantu ukuhlangana nabantu abaninzi nako kuyawandisa amathuba omngcipheko wokosuleleka.
Izizathu zoQoqosho - esinye sezizathu ezibalulekileyo ngokwanda kokwasuleleka yiHIV phakthi kwabafazi yindima esezantsi enikwa abafazi kusapho nakubomi boluntu. Ukuxhomekeka kwabafazi emadodeni kwezoqoqosho, okubandakanya umgangatho ophezulu wobuhlwempu babo nokungabi nakufikelela kumathuba nezinto ezithile, kunegalelo ekubeni babe ngamaxhoba okosulelwa yiHIV/AIDS. Isizathu soku kukuba amadoda anokurhoxisa inkxaso yemali ukuba umfazi uyala ukwenza into abayithandayo. Abafazi abangamahlwempu asemngciphekweni kunezinye iindidi zabafazi ngenxa yokungabi namandla kwezoqoqosho.
Izizathu ngokwasekuhlaleni - isini sinyenwe njengeyona nto enegalelo elikhulu kobu buninzi beHIV/AIDS kwaye iyagxekwa ngoku kuphakama kweqondo leHIV/AIDS kummandla osezantsi kweSahara e-Afrika . Amadoda athandana nabantu abaninzi athathwa njengesithethe ekuhlaleni nawo anegalelo ekusasazeni iHIV/AIDS. Abafazi basemngciphekweni wokosulelwa ngamadoda abo kuba abanamandla wokucebisa ukulalana nabo bekhuselekile kwaye basemngciphekweni wokosulelwa ngodlwengulo. Ukudlakazeliswa kwabafazi eMzantsi Afrika kuyenyuka kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba nanini na kwimizuzwana engama-83 kukho umfazi odlwengulwayo. Nakuba abantu abadlwengulweyo kudala bebesemngciphekweni nemeko yokuba umntu angakhulelwa okanye afumane izifo zokulala ezosulelayo ngoku bakwasemngciphekweni wokosulelwa yiHIV/AIDS. Umahluko kwindlela abakhuliswa abafazi namantombazana kwenza bangakwazi ukulawula imeko yabo yokulala. Loo nto yenze babe ngamaxhoba odlakazeliso ngowesini nokunyanzelwa ngokulala.
Umfazi kanjalo akanakunyanzelwa ukuba akhuphe isisu kuba ene-HIV. Umfazi akadingi ukuvunyelwa yindoda yakhe ukuze akhuphe isisu. Intombazana engaphantsi kweminyaka eli 18 ingasikhupha isisu ngaphandle kokukuvuma okanye ukwazi kwabazali bakhe. Umfazi one-HIV/AIDS kanjalo akanakunyanzelwa ukuba atshitshiswe angazali xa engafuni.
Ii-Anti-retrovirals ezinikwa oomama abakhulelweyo phambi kokuba bazale abaneHIV ziyawunciphisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka kosana (ukosulelwa komntwana ngumama) inkundla yoMgaqo-siseko igwebe ukuba urhulumente wesizwe makenze kubelula ukuba bonke oomama abakhulelweyo bakwazi ukufikelela kumachiza aya kuthintela ukosulelwa komntwana ngumama nge-HIV.
Kucingwa ukuba indima ngokwezini nesimo sentlalo zibeka abafazi emngciphekweni omkhulu wokosulelwa yiHIV/AIDS ngamaqabane abo.
I-HIV/AIDS inegalelo elohlukileyo nelilusizi ebafazini kunasemadodeni ngenxa yokungalingani ngokwesini. Isini sinokuthathwa njengento yasekuhlaleni yesimo sentlalo esahlula abafazi kumadoda kwaye ilawula indlela abafazi namadoda abanxibelelana ngayo. Ezi ndima neemeko ezilindelekileyo ziyafundwa kwaye zinokutshintsha emva kwexesha kwaye zahluke ngokwesimo zentlalo ezahlukileyo. Isini sixhomekeke kwisimo sentlalo kwaye kukho umahluko kwizinto abafazi namadoda abazenzayo okanye abangenakuzenza kwesinye isimo sentlalo xa kuthelekiswa nesinye.
Imithetho yamasiko nezithethe eMzantsi Afrika amaxesha amaninzi zivela kootata kwaye zinocalucalulo ebafazini. Ngenxa yoku, abafazi basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokosulelwa yi-HIV kuba abanamandla oqoqosho nasekuhlaleni njengamadoda ngoko ke kunzima ebafazini ukuzikhusela ekubeni bosulelwe yi-HIV.
Enye intsomi enobungozi eMzantsi Afrika, eqhubela phambili udlwengulo, yeyokuba ukulala nentombi engekalalwa kuya kuyiphilisa i-AIDS.
Abadlwenguli nabo bafuna amantombazana amancinane ngenkolo yokuba abalali kakhulu noko ngoko ke abangeze bafane babeneHIV/AIDS.
Ukudlakazeliswa emakhaya kubandakanya ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni nokwaphulwa umphefumlo.
Abafazi abadlakazeliswayo badla ngokungakwazi ukulawula ubuhlobo babo kwaye abakwazi ukunyanzelisa ukulalana nizikhusele. Le nto ibabeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokosulelwa yi-HIV. UMthetho wobuNdlobongela baseKhaya (iDomestic Violence Act) ukhusela abafazi ngokubanika indlela elula yokwenza isicelo sokukhuselwa ukuyekisa indoda yakhe ekumxhaphazeni. Ukudlwengulwa emtshatweni kukulala emtshatweni umfazi yena engakuvumeneli ukulala nawe. Umfazi angammangalela umyeni wakhe ngokumdlwengula ngokwalo Mthetho wobuNdlobongela baseKhaya.
ITshata yaseAfrika yamaLungelo abaNtu noLuntu.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Yintoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.txt</fn>
Yintoni iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngoobani amalungu eBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngabameli basePosini, Oonocanda nabenzi beemephu neBhodi yeelwimi, iPANSALB.
Kutheni kwafuneka iBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo inegama elinye kuphela kwaye eli gama libhalwa ngendlela enye.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bayazidibanisa neemeko zembali, ezenkcubeko ezentlalo nezoqoqosho zamagama lawo.
Yintoni imisebenzi yeBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe?
Ukwenza lula kwaye landlale nezikhokelo zokuseka iKomiti ye Phondo yaMagama ezeLizwe kwiphondo ngalinye.
Ukwamkela, ukuphanda nokucebisa ngamagama amatsha ezelizwe acingiweyo nokutshintshwa kwamagama akhoyo angeniswe yiKomiti leyo yePhondo namanye amaqela ukuze uMphathiswa abe nokuwamkela.
Ukuqulunqa nokupapasha uludwe lwamagama amkelekileyo ngokwasemthethweni.
Zintoni iiKomiti zaMaphondo zaMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngamaqumrhu agunyaziswe nguMthetho ukuba abonisane nowonke-wonke, aphande kwaye enze izindululo ezingamagama ezelizwe eziya kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe. Ezi komiti zisebenza kunye neBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.
Ngoobani amalungu eeKomiti zaMaphondo zaMagama ezeLizwe?
Ngamanye amalungu onyulwe nguMphathiswa webhunga eliLawulayo, umzekelo iingcali zeelwimi, ezamagama ezelizwe nabezemephu, amalungu karhulumente wengingqi, iNdlu yeeNkokeli zeMveli, ukhenketho njalo najlo.
Yintoni imisebenzi yeKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe?
Kukulungisa amagama acingiweyo ukuze loo magama angeniswe kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.
Kukubonisana noogunyaziwe bengingqi nabanye abantu abachaphazelekayo.
Kukuqhakamshelana neBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.
Kukufundisa uwonke-wonke ngenkqubo yokuthiya iindawo.
Siyenza njani le nto yokwamkelwa amagama?
Inyathelo loku- 1 Chonga igama.
Inyathelo lesi- 2 Bonisana nabantu eliza kubachaphazela.
Inyathelo lesi- 3 Vumelana nabo.
Inyathelo lesi-4 Funa ifomu yokwenza isicelo kwiKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe.
Inyathelo lesi-5 Fumana lonke ulwazi olufunwa kule fomu, umzekelo; imvelaphi nentsingiselo yegama, nelesibini elikhethiweyo.
Inyathelo lesi- 6 Ngenisa ifomu kwiKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe.
Kwenzeka ntoni kwifomu yokufaka isicelo?
IKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe iyangqina ukuba uwonke-wonke kuboniswene naye kwaye uyasivuma isindululo.
IKomiti yePhondo yaMagama ezeLizwe iyahlola ukuba igama liyahambelana na neemfuno zeBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMgama ezeLizwe ukuze ke ilithumele kwiBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe.
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe liyalihlola igama ize ilibuyise okanye ilithumele kwiingcali ukuba ziliphande kwakhona.
IBhunga loMzantsi Afrika laMagama ezeLizwe lilidlulisela igama kuMphathiswa ukuba lamkelwe.
Igama elamkelweyo lipapashwa kwiGazethi kaRhulumente.
Amagama angathathwa njengesibhengezo semveliso, senkonzo okanye somzi-mveliso.
Amagama abantu abaphilayo makaphetshwe.
Iindawo zezelizwe ezithiywe ngamagama abantu kufuneka zihambelane nezinga labantu abo (umzekelo, ukuthiya into engacacanga ngegama lomntu obalulekileyo kuzwelonke).
Imvume ebhaliweyo kufuneka ifunyanwe emntwini okanye kusapho lomntu lowo okanye kwiindlalifa , apho kunokwenzeka, phambi kokuba igama lomntu lisetyenziswe.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Yintoni isifo sotyatyazo.txt</fn>
Isifo sotyatyazo sisifo umntu asifumana ngokusela amanzi okanye ngokutya ukutya okuqulethe intsholongwane yesifo sotyatyazo.
Ukucoca amanzi: Faka itisipuni e-1 yeblitshi kwiilitha ezingama-25 zamanzi.
Kuhlambe ngamanzi abilisiweyo okanye acociweyo ukutya okungaphekwanga phambi kokuba ukutye.
Sebenzisa ikomityi ecocekileyo ukukha amanzi kwisiqulatho esikhulu.
Ungawusebenzisi njengendlu yangasese umlambo, kodwa sebenzisa izindlu zangasese zee-VIP okanye ezembelwa imingxunya phantsi.
Hlamba izandla zakho ngamanzi abilisiweyo okanye acociweyo emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese kunye naphambi kokuba uphathe ukutya.
Ungamnceda kanjani umntu osele enesifo sotyatyazo?
Banike umxube omninzi weswekile netyuwa ukuba basele.
Thatha ilitha yamanzi abilisiweyo okanye anyangiweyo, faka iitisipuni ezisi-8. ezilungeleleneyo zeswekile kunye nesiqingatha setisipuni yetyuwa kwaye uzidibanise kunye.
Khumbula, hlala umnika umxube weswekile netyuwa umntu ophethwe sisifo sotyatyazo.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Yintoni ulawulo lwetyala.txt</fn>
Yintoni ulawulo lwetyala?
Sisimo apho umntu onetyala eya kumlawuli wamatyala, ngokuqhelekileyo iba ligqwetha, eliya kuthi ke lijonge ingeniso yomntu kwinkcitho yeemfuno ezisisiseko, ngokunjalo neemali-mboleko/amatyala, i-inshurensi kunye nezinye iimfanelo zezimali. Umlawuli uya kufaka isicelo enkundleni ukuba isixa esithile somntu onetyala sibekwe ecaleni sibekelwa iimfuno ezisisiseko ize enye yonke yohlulelwe abantu umntu anamatyala kubo.
Yakuba inkundla iwamkele umyalelo, kuyakutsalwa ke kumntu onetyala aze umlawuli ayabele abantu umntu anamatyala kubo.
Ingaba oku kubiza imali?
Imali yomlawuli evela kwizavenge zakho zenyanga ngokukunceda ukuba uhlawule abantu onamatyala kubo egcinwa izipeesenti ezili-12.
Ingaba uwufuna ngenene umyalelo wolawulo Ingaba uyakuba kwindawo engcono yokuba uwahlawule uwagqibe amatyala akho ngexesha elifanelekileyo Ingaba uke wazijonga ezinye iindlela zokusombulula iingxaki zakho zamatyala?
Kufuneka ukuba ungabinako ukuhlangabezana neemfanelo zakho zezimali.
Kufuneka ukuba ube uzixoxile kuqala iingxaki zakho kunye nabantu onamatyala kubo ukuze wenze amalungiselelo ezinye iindlela zokuhlawula.
Ingaba ubusazi ukuba uLawulo lwetyala lunganeempembelelo ezimbi kwimbali yakho yetyala Awunakukwazi ukwenza naliphi na ityala. Emva kokuba uwahlawule wawagqiba amatyala akho kuyakufuneka ukuba ulinde eminye iminyaka emi-5 phambi kokuba ukwazi ukwenza naliphina ityala?
Khumbula iindleko (amatyala akho + inzala kumatyala + neendleko zentlawulo yomlawuli).
Fumanisa ukuba umlawuli uyakukubiza malini na ngomsebenzi wakhe kwaye qinisekisa ukuba ufumana ucazululo lweendleko ngokubhalwe phantsi. Umlawuli uya kuyitsala le mali kwizavenge zenyanga phambi kokuba ahlawule abantu onamatyala kubo.
Awunakumhlawula umlawuli nayiphi na imali phambi kokuba umyalelo unikwe.
Qiniseka ukuba uziqonda xa zizonke iindleko zomyalelo wakho wolawulo, izavenge kunye nokuba uya kuba phantsi kolawulo ixesha elingakanani na.
Qinisekisa ukuba umlawuli uyazifumana izavenge zenyanga kuMyalelo wakho weNkundla kwaye ugcine ubungqina bayo yonke intlawulo.
Cela kumlawuli iakhawunti yakho yalo lonke ulwabiwo (uluhlu lwezimali oluhlawulwa kubantu onamatyala kubo) ekufuneka ukuba alulungise okungenani qho kwiinyanga ezi-3. Oku kuyakukunceda ukuba ubone ukuba abantu onamatyala kubo bahlawulwe.
Yiya kubantu bakho onamatyala kubo ukuya kuqinisekisa ukuba bazifumene na iintlawulo ezivela kumlawuli.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_Yintoni umsebenzi wobupolisa ngokwamacandelo.txt</fn>
Yintoni umsebenzi wobupolisa ngokwamacandelo?
Yindlela "YOKUBUYELA KWIZISEKO" apho indawo yakho yomsebenzi wobupolisa yahlulwa khona ngokweendawo ezincinci ezilawuleka lula ezibizwa ngokuba NGAMACANDELO (SECTORS). Umphathi Wecandelo unyulelwa ukuphatha icandelo elithile kwaye usebenzisana nabahlali bayo kunye nabo kwabelwana nabo ngamagunya ekutshabalaliseni ulwaphulo-mthetho oluqheleke kwelo candelo. Bonke abadlali-ndima ngoko ke babandakanyeka ekuchongweni kweemfuno zokhuselo nezokhuseleko lwamacandelo abo nasekuhlangatyezweni koonobangela abasezingcanjini zolwaphulo-mthetho ngokwenza njalo kuqinisekiswe uthintelo oluncomekayo lolwaphulo-mthetho kwicandelo elo lithile.
indlela esondele ebantwini ngakumbi nesekwe emakhaya yokufumana izisombululo zolwaphulo-mthetho lwendawo yakho kunye noxanduva ekwabelwanayo ngalo phakathi kwakho nomphathi wecandelo laseMzantsi Afrika lamaPolisa.
Yintoni umsebenzi wobupolisa ngokwamacandelo?
Yindlela "YOKUBUYELA KWIZISEKO" apho indawo yakho yomsebenzi wobupolisa yahlulwa khona ngokweendawo ezincinci ezilawuleka lula ezibizwa ngokuba NGAMACANDELO (SECTORS). Umphathi Wecandelo unyulelwa ukuphatha icandelo elithile kwaye usebenzisana nabahlali bayo kunye nabo kwabelwana nabo ngamagunya ekutshabalaliseni ulwaphulo-mthetho oluqheleke kwelo candelo. Bonke abadlali-ndima ngoko ke babandakanyeka ekuchongweni kweemfuno zokhuselo nezokhuseleko lwamacandelo abo nasekuhlangatyezweni koonobangela abasezingcanjini zolwaphulo-mthetho ngokwenza njalo kuqinisekiswe uthintelo oluncomekayo lolwaphulo-mthetho kwicandelo elo lithile.
asungule imisebenzi eyilwayo yokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokhuselo nokhuseleko kwicandelo lakhe.
indlela esondele ebantwini ngakumbi nesekwe emakhaya yokufumana izisombululo zolwaphulo-mthetho lwendawo yakho kunye noxanduva ekwabelwanayo ngalo phakathi kwakho nomphathi wecandelo laseMzantsi Afrika lamaPolisa.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_iNtshayelelo 2.txt</fn>
U-2006 uphawula isikhumbuzo sesihlanu sokuqala komThetho wokuPhakanyiswa koFikelelo kuLwazi (Promotion of Access to Information Act), 2000 ("i-PAIA" okanye "umThetho"). Kubantu abaninzi abebebandakanyeka ngokusondeleyo ekuphunyezweni komThetho, oku kuvakala kusisimanga. Kwa oku, kananjalo, ngeke kutshiwo ngabanye abantu abaninzi abo ngenxa yokunqongophala yokuqonda kunye neengxaki eziye zakhona ekuqaleni eziziziphumo zophunyezo olulambathayo olwenziwe ngamaqumrhu karhulumente khange balonwabele ngokupheleleyo eli lungelo lofikelelo kulwazi. Ngaphandle kokuba i-PAIA iyenye yezona nkululeko zinesisa zemithetho yolwazi elizweni, iyaqhuba ikhathazwa ziingxaki ezahlukeneyo zokuphumeza.
Nokunqongophala kokwaziswa ukuze kwenziwe izigqibo ngabasebenzi bakarhulumente ngenxa yomkhwa wangaphambile wobumfihlo.
IKomishini yamaLungelo oluNtu yoMzantsi Afrika iyathemba ukuba le Ncwadana iyakunceda ukuphelisa iingxaki zokuphumeza ebezithe mbede i-PAIA ukusukela ekusekweni kwayo, ngokuphakamisa ukuqonda phakathi kwamalungu oluntu kunye nabasebenzi bakarhulumente ekufuneka bancede abantu imihla ngemihla.
Nokunceda ukususa umkhwa wobumfihlo ozinzileyo othintela ukuhamba ngokukhululeka kolwazi.
Ngethemba le Ncwadana iyakubonakalisa imiba ephathelelayo ejikeleze ukwenziwa kwerekhodi kunye nogcino lwerekhodi olufanelekileyo. Ukuba ngaba iirekhodi azigcinwanga ngokufanelekileyo, oku kunokukhokelela ekubeni abaceli bahlawule izixa ezikhulu zemali ngenxa yokufunwa ixesha elide kweerekhodi. Yiloo nto ke, kubalulekile ukuba iirekhodi zigcinwe kakuhle oku kuquka ulawulo lwesiqhelo ngokunjalo nokurhoxiswa kokubhengezwa.
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe okuninzi ukugxotha nayiphi na ingcinga kunye nesenzo esifuna ukujika ulwazi lube yinto yorhwebo, ekunokufikelela kuyo kuphela abo baphucukileyo ngokwenza ukuba inkqubo ibe yexande kakhulu ukuba umntu nje oqhelekileyo ayiqonde, kunye nokwenza ukuba ukufumana iirekhodi kubize kakhulu. Ufikelelo kulwazi ngundoqo kunye ne-oksijeni yedemokhrasi yethu. Sisixhobo esiluncedo ekwenzeni ukuba abo basemagunyeni bathathe uxanduva. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba bonke abantu bethu ingakumbi loo malungu ahlelelekileyo nangasiwa so oluntu lwethu abe nako ukulonwabela ngokupheleleyo ilungelo.
Imfuno yale Ncwadana ivele emva kokwaziswa kweSikhokelo seCandelo le-10 sokuqala kwi-PAIA, okwenziwa ngomhla woku-1 Matshi 2005. Kwaye kwacaca ukuba ngexa iSikhokelo isesokunceda amalungu oluntu, i-PAIA iyafuneka ukuba yenziwe lula ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukuyifunda kwaye ifikeleleke kuluntu. Le Ncwadana ikwaguqulelwe kuzo zolishumi elinanye iilwimi ezisemthethweni, kwaye iyafumaneka ngoMbhalo wamaQhuqhuva (Braille), ukuze ifikeleleke ngokulula.
Ukusuka kumkhwa wobumfihlo kunye nokunqongophala kokuthatha uxanduva, ukuya kumkhwa wokungafihli nto kunye nokuthatha uxanduva ngumceli mngeni. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abemi boMzantsi Afrika ngokunjalo namagosa ukuba baziswe nge-PAIA, kunye nokuba lingasebenza njani ukunceda bona ilungelo lofikelelo kulwazi. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zedemokhrasi kunokusebenza kuphela ukuba ngaba luthabatho nxaxheba olusekelwe elwazini. Ngoko ke kubalukile ukuba i-PAIA ifike idlule kumalungelo emveli ezopolitiko abantu, kunye nokuba yongeze umlinganiso omtsha kwiingxoxo mpikiswano zoluntu kwimiba yemihla ngemihla ekufuneka bajongane nayo abemi.
I-PAIA ingundoqo kutshintsho loluntu lwethu. Ikhuthaza idemopkhrasi ekuthatyathwa kuyo inxaxheba apho abemi benza ukuba urhulumente wabo kunye necandelo labucala bathathe uxanduva. INcwadana ilelinye iphulo elivela kwiKomishini lokwazisa umThetho, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba abemi bayisebenzisela okunokunceda bona. Ukubaluleka kunye nobukhulu bendima yoMgaqo-siseko weKomishini wokujonga kunye nokwenza ingxelo ngonyaka ekuphunyezweni kwamalungelo entlalo-qoqosho, bufana nemfanelo yawo phantsi kwe-PAIA, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umThetho uphunyezwa ngokusebenzayo. Njengelungu loluntu ungayisebenzisa i-PAIA ukucela ufikelelo kwirekhodi ebonisa uyilo lukarhulumente ngokuphathelene nezindlu, ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nolungiselelo lwemfundo. INcwadana injongo zayo kukuqinisekisa ukuba uluntu luyayiqonda i-PAIA njengesithuthi esinokusetyenziswa ukufikelela kwamanye amalungelo.
IKomishini iyathemba ukuba le Ncwadana iya kuba sisixhobo esiluncedo kwimfuno yabantu yokonwabela ilungelo labo lofikelelo kulwazi.
iNkundla - ithetha inkundla apho umntu angafaka khona isicelo ukuba kusonjululwe umcimbi.
b iqumrhu likarhulumente okanye iqumrhu labucala elibandakanyekayo linendawo yalo engundoqo yolawulo okanye ishishini; okanye c umceli okanye umntu wesithathu obandakanyekayo uhlalela iinjongo zokusemthethweni okanye ungumhlali oqhelekileyo.
De ibe iBhodi yemiThetho iwisa imithetho yenkqubo ngokunxulumene nemicimbi ye-PAIA ekufuneka isetyenziswe ziiNkundla zooMantyi, iiNkundla zooMantyi ngeke zense isigqibo kwimicimbi enxulumene ne-PAIA. Kuphela ziiNkundla eziPhakamileyo ezinokuva izicelo ze-PAIA. Jonga kwiSigaba sesi-2 seNcwadana ngamanye amaqumrhu apho imicimbi ye-PAIA ingasonjululwa khona.
Imali ehlawulwayo - isixa semali ehlawulwayo yokulungiswa kwesicelo. I-PAIA iyabonelela ngemali yesicelo kunye nemali yofikelelo. Imali yesicelo ihlawulwa ekuqaleni kwenkqubo xa kungeniswa ifom yesicelo. Imali yofikelelo ihlawulelwa ixesha elithathiweyo okanye elichithiweyo kukhangelwa kwaye kulungiswa irekhodi eceliweyo. Umceli wobuqu akanakude ahlawule imali yesicelo. iSihlomelo A siqulethe uluhlu lweemali ezihlawulwayo.
iNtloko - ngokunxulumene nequmrhu labucala, ithetha kwisihlo somntu oqhelekileyo, loo mntu uqhelekileyo, okanye nawuphi na umntu ogunyaziswe kwangethuba nguloo mntu uqhelekileyo; kwisehlo sobuqabane, naliphi na iqabane kubuqabane okanye nawuphi na umntu ogunyaziswe kwangethuba kubuqabane; kwisehlo somntu onamagunya okwenza izigqibo zequmrhu elisemthethweni igosa eliyintloko elilawulayo okanye igosa elilingana nalo lomntu onamagunya okwenza izigqibo zequmrhu elisemthethweni okanye nawuphi na umntu ogunyaziswe lelo gosa; okanye nawuphi na umntu osebenza njengomntu ogunyaziswe kwangethuba onjalo ngumntu osebenzayo onjalo.
Intloko yequmrhu labucala yimfanelo yalo eyokwamkela umceli kufikelelo kunye nempendulo ngaphaya koko.
IGosa loLwazi - Eli ligosa apho isicelo sofikelelo kwirekhodi / kulwazi kufuneka singeniswe kulo kumaqumrhu karhulumente. Kumgangatho karhulumente wesizwe, igosa lolwazi lesebe elithile nguMlawuli-Jikelele, kumgangatho karhulumente wephondo, uMlawuli-Jikelele kwi-Ofisi yeNkulumbuso ligosa lolwazi lephondo lonke. Kumgangatho woorhulumente basekhaya, uMphathi kaMasipala othile ligosa lolwazi. Kwisehlo salo naliphi na elinye iqumrhu likarhulumente, igosa lolwazi ligosa eliyintloko elilawulayo, okanye igosa elilingana nalo lelo qumrhu likarhulumente.
Isibheno sangaphakathi - isibheno sangaphakathi sibhekiselele kwinkqubo apho umceli angonelisekanga ngesigqibo segosa lolwazi okanye kwisehlo apho isicelo sakhe siye sangahoywa kwaye kwangabikho mpendulo inikwayo kwiintsuku ezingama-30 / kwixesha elongeziweyo leentsuku ezingama-30. Isibheno sangaphakathi kufuneka sifakwe kwisiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo apho inkqubo enjalo isebenzayo. Funda le nkcazo kunye nesiphathmandla esibandakanyekayo.
Ulwazi loBuqu - luthetha ulwazi malunga nomntu owaziwayo kuqukwa kodwa kunganyinelwanga kulwazi olunxulumene nohlanga, ubuni, isini, ukukhulelwa, isimo somtshato, isizwe, uhlanga okanye imvelaphi, umbala, ukhetho ngokwesini, iminyaka, impilo yomzimba okanye yengqondo, ukuba sempilweni, ukukhubazeka, inkolo, isazela, inkolelo, inkcubeko, ulwimi kunye nokuzalwa komntu, ulwazi olunxulumene nokufunda okanye ezonyango, imbali yolwaphulo-mthetho kunye neyokusebenza yomntu okanye ulwazi olunxulumene neetransekshini zemali umntu ake wabandakanyeka kuzo.
Umceli wobuqu - uthetha umceli ofuna irekhodi equlethe ulwazi lobuqu ngaye.
Iqumrhu likarhulumente - naliphi na isebe likarhulumente okanye ulawulo kwicandelo lesizwe okanye lephondo likarhulumente okanye nawuphi na umasipala kwicandelo lengingqi likarhulumente okanye nawuphi na umsebenzi okanye iziko xa lisebenzisa amagunya okanye lisenza imisebenzi likwenza oko ngokwemigqaliselo yoMgaqo-siseko okanye umgaqo-siseko wephondo okanye lisebenzisa amagunya karhulumente okanye lisenza umsebenzi karhulumente ngokwemigqaliselo yawo nawuphi na umthetho.
Iqumrhu olabucala - lithetha umntu oqhelekileyo oqhuba okanye oqhube naluphi na urhwebo, ishishini okanye umsebenzi; ubuqabane obuqhuba okanye obuqhube naluphi na urhwebo, ishishini okanye umsebenzi; okanye nawuphi na umntu owayenegunya lokwenza izigqibo zequmrhu elisemthethweni okanye okhona ngoku kodwa okhuphela ngaphandle iqumrhu likarhulumente.
iRekhodi - ngokunxulumene nequmrhu likarhulumente okanye elabucala irekhodi ithetha naluphi na ulwazi olushicilelweyo nokuba lolwaluphina uhlobo okanye imo olusezandleni okanye olu phantsi kolawulo lwelo qumrhu likarhulumente okanye labucala, nokuba lwenziwe okanye alwenziwanga lelo qumrhu likarhulumente, okanye labucala.
Isiphathamandla esibaNdakanyekayo - Lo ngumntu osifaka kuye isibheno sangaphakathi. Kumgangatho karhulumente wesizwe, isiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo sesebe elithile nguMphathiswa welo sebe; kumgangatho wephondo liLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo (Member of the Executive Council) - i-MEC yesebe elithile sisiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo, kwaye kumgangatho woorhulumente basekhaya, uSodolophu okanye uSomlomo osisiphathamandla. Isahluko se-9 Amaziko, imibutho exhaswa ngurhulumnete kunye namaqumrhu abucala awanazo iziphathamandla ezibandakanyekayo kwaye ngako oko ukuba ngaba umceli uziva ehlutshiwe sisigqibo segosa lolwazi, kufuneka azise isicelo esichasene nesigqibo esinjalo ngqo enkundleni.
UMceli - nawuphi na umntu owenza isicelo sofikeleo kwirekhodi.
Umntu wesiThathu - ngumntu okanye iqumrhu elinomdla kwirekhodi eceliweyo. Ngokunxulumene nofikelelo kwirekhodi yequmrhu likarhulumente kuthetha nawuphi na umntu (kuqukwa kodwa kungamiselwanga mda, kurhulumente welizwe langaphandle, umbutho wamazwe ngamazwe okanye iziko laloo rhulumente okanye umbutho) ngaphandle komceli obandakanyekayo kunye nequmrhu likarhulumente. Ngokunxulumene nofikelelo kwirekhodi yequmrhu labucala, umntu wesithathu uthetha nawuphi umntu (kuqukwa kodwa kungamiswanga mda kwiqumrhu labucala) ngaphandle komceli.
Iintsuku zokusebenza - Iintsuku zokusebenza zithetha naziphi na iintsuku ngaphandle koMgqibelo neCawe okanye iiholide zikawonke-wonke, njengoko zichaziwe kwicandelo loku-1 loMthetho weeHolide zikaWonke-Wonke, 1994 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-36 1994).
Kule Ncwadana, ungqinisiso kwisini esinye luyakuquka esinye isini.
Imvelaphji yofikelelo kulwazi iRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika lilizwe elinolawulo olugqwesileyo lwedemokhasi efunyanwa kwiinqobo ezisemgangathweni zesidima soluntu, ukuphunyezwa kokulingana kunye nokuqhutyelwa phambile kwamalungelo oluntu kunye neenkululeko.1 Le ndlela karhulumente wedemokhrasi kufuneka ingafihli, iphendule kwaye ithathe uxanduva. Ukungafihli ngowona mba ungundoqo kwisizwe sedemokhrasi kwaye kuvumela ukuba abantu bafikelele kulwazi lokuba urhulumente ubenzela ntoni kumacandelo onke okanye yintoni angabenzeli yona, njengoko imeko inokuba njalo.
Ilungelo lofikelelo kulwazi lizinziswe phantsi kwecandelo lama-32 loMgaqo-siseko. ICandelo lama-32 libonelela ngokuba wonke umntu unelungelo lofikelelo kulo nakoluphi na ulwazi olugcinwe ngurhulumente; okanye olugcinwe nguye nawuphi na omnye umntu oluya kusetyenziselwa ukhuselo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwalo naliphi na ilungelo.
Eli lungelo liyasebenza ukwenzela ukuba livumele abantu ukuba bonwabele amanye amalungelo, umzekelo amalungelo entlalo-qoqosho. Amalungelo entlalo-qoqosho aquka izindlu, ukutya kunye nempilo, ipropati, okusingqongileyo okucocekileyo njl. njl. Eli lungelo lofikelelo kulwazi aluvumeli nje kuphela ukuba abantu bonwabele amalungelo abo entlalo-qoqosho, likwavumela ukonwatyelwa kwamalungelo abemi abangekho mkhosini kunye nawezopolitiko. Yiloo nto ilungelo lofikelelo liphakamisa ukungafihli, ukuthatha uxanduva kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo kuwo onke amaqumrhu karhulumente nawabucala, kwaye lixhasa amanye amalungelo oluntu.
I-PAIA ngumthetho owenza kusebenze iCandelo lama-32 loMgaqo-siseko. Ubonelela ngelungelo lomThetho lofikelelo kulwazi olugcinwe nguRhulumente. Ubonelela ngelungelo lomthetho eligcinwe lofikelelo kulwazi eligcinwe ngurhulumente, ngokunjalo nolugcinwe ngamaqumrhu abucala.
I-PAIA icazulula umxholo kunye nobubanzi belungelo. Icazulula iinkqubo emazisetyenziswe xa ucela ufikelelo kulwazi, ibonelela ngezizathu apho ulwazi lunokwaliwa khona, kunye namanyathelo angathathwa oncedo xa ufikelelo kulwazi lusaliwa. I-PAIA yaphunyezwa ngo-2000 yaze yaqala ukusebenza ngomhla we-9 Matshi 2001.
Yiloo nto ke i-PAIA isenza umntu ukuba abe nelungelo kulo naluphi na ulwazi olushicilelweyo olusezandleni okanye olulawulwa liqumrhu likarhulumente okanye labucala. Jikelele umThetho ubhekiselele kulo naluphi na ulwazi olushicilelweyo olusezandleni okanye olugcinwe ngamaqumrhu karhulumente okanye awabucala. Ngokwenene, i-PAIA yeyona ndawo yomthetho kwilizwe ngokubanzi eyenza ukuba umntu abe nelungelo lokucela ufikelelo kwiirekhodi zequmrhu labucala, ngaphandle kokuba irekhodi icelwa ukuba kusetyenziswe okanye kukhuselwe ilungelo.
Abantu ukuze baqiniseke ukuba mhlawumbi urhulumente uyababonelela abantu abangaboniyo, nawuphi na umntu, umzekelo, kumdla woluntu, unokucela ulwazi kurhulumente kuyilo lwakhe lokubonelela abantu abangaboniyo ngokuveza indlela ye-Braille kunxibelelwano lwakhe. Abantu kwakhona banokulisebenzisa ilungelo labo lokufikelela ingakumbi kumgangatho woorhulumente bengingqi, apho banokuqondisisa uyilo lukamasipala kulondolozo lweendlela, ukufakwa kweendlela zogutyulo, ukwabiwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali njl. njl. Abantu banokusebenzisa ngokungaphaya ilungelo labo lokufikelela kulwazi ukuqondisisa uyilo lolwabiwo lwezindlu kwiSebe leziNdlu lePhondo elibandakanyekayo.
Njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla, umntu unokufikelela kwakhona kulwazi kumaqumrhu abucala, afana neenkampani ngaphandle kokuba oko kufunelwa ukusetyenziswa kunye nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo omntu, umzekelo umntu unokucela irekhodi yokuba ngamanzi amdaka amangakanani angena emlanjeni ovela kwinkampani yezimbiwa ethile. Ilungelo elikhuselwayo lilungelo lempilo, kunye nelungelo kokusingqongileyo okungenangozi.
Yiloo nto i-PAIA yenza umntu ukuba abe nelungelo lokucela uluhlu lonke lolwazi. Kodwa ke, kananjalo, kukho iirekhodi ezithile ezikhutshelwe ngaphandle ekubeni zicelwe. Uluhlu lolu khutshelo ngaphandle ngokunjalo nezizathu apho iqumrhu likarhulumente kunye nequmrhu labucala anokwala nolwazi zidweliswe phantsi kweSigaba sesi-6 sale ncwadana.
I-PAIA ibonelela ngokuba wonke umntu unelungelo lokufikelela kulwazi. Yiloo nto umntu ngqo okanye umntu onelungelo lokwenza izigqibo (umzekelo inkampani, okanye ishishini elisenokuqhutywa ngumntu omnye) anokucela ufikelelo kulwazi kwiqumrhu likarhulumente okanye kwiqumrhu labucala.
Izicelo zofikelelo kulwazi zinokwenziwa kwakona egameni lomnye umntu okanye lequmrhu labucala. Nanini na umntu ecela ulwazi egameni lomnye, umceli kufuneka ahlomele ubungqina besikhundla enza ngaso isicelo. Umntu ongumgcini womntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18; okanye umntu ongenako ukuqonda ubunjani besicelo kunokwenziwa isicelo egameni labo. Ukuba ngaba irekhodi imalunga noswelekileyo, ngoko ke umceli kufuneka anike ubungqina besikhundla sakhe, njengesihlobo soswelekileyo, okanye umceli afumane imvume ebhaliweyo kwisihlobo soswelekileyo ukuze enze isicelo.
Kwimeko yomntu ongafundanga, unokwenza isicelo somlomo, esiye ke sihliswe sisiwe ekubhaleni ligosa lolwazi.
Lunokucelwa kubani ulwazi?
Ulwazi lunokucelwa kuwo onke amaqumrhu karhulumente kunye nakumaqumrhu abucala. Umntu unokucela ulwazi / irekhodi kumasebe karhulumente, kumasebe amaphondo, koomasipala, kwimibutho exhaswa ngurhulumente, izibhedlele zikarhulumente, izibhedlele zabucala, kwiinkampani, kumashishini asenokuqhutywa ngumntu omnye, umrhwebi ongundoqo njl.njl.
Kodwa, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iqumrhu likarhulumente, elifana namasebe esizwe kunye nawamaphondo, icandelo lengingqi likarhulumnete kunye namaqumrhu asebenzisa amagunya awo ngokwemigqaliselo yoMgaqo-siseko - umzekelo, iKomishini yamaLungelo oluNtu yoMzantsi Afrika, uMkhuseli woluNtu, njl. njl. ngeke bacele ulwazi omnye komnye ngokwemigqaliselo ye-PAIA. La maqumrhu karhulumente anokucela ulwazi kuphela phantsi kwe-PAIA oluvela kumaqumrhu axhaswa ngurhulumente kunye namaqumrhu abucala.
Luninzi ulwazi olunokucelwa kumaqumrhu karhulumente.
Usenza njani isicelo sofikelelo kwirekhodi evela kwiqumrhu likarhulumente?
Nanini na umntu (umceli) efuna ukucela ulwazi kwiqumrhu likarhulumente, kufuneka asenze ngokubhalwe phantsi isicelo esinjalo. I-Fom A kufuneka igcwaliselwe isicelo kwiqumrhu likarhulumente. UMceli akanyanzelekanga ukuba anike i (zi) sizathu sokuba kutheni ecela irekhodi nje kwiqumrhu likarhulumente. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ileta ecela irekhodi okanye umnxeba okanye isicelo seposi yeletroniki ayisosicelo ngokwemigqaliselo ye-PAIA. Ukuba ngaba iFom A ayigcwaliswanga, akukho ukuvumelana ne-PAIA kwaye ngoko ke umceli ngeke athembele kwi-PAIA ngalo naluphi na uncedo ngokwemigqaliselo leyo.
Kumaqumrhu karhulumente, ifom kufuneka ingeniswe kwigosa lolwazi, kunye nentlawulo yokuhlawulela isicelo esisixa sama-R35.00. IFom A kufuneka ingeniswe kwigosa lolwazi ngesandla kwidilesi yalo yesitalato, okanye ithunyelwe ngefeksi okanye ithunyelwe ngeposi yeletroniki.
Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngaphambile, amagosa olwazi amaqumrhu karhulumente anyanzelekile ukuba ancede abantu, abo ngenxa yokungafundi okanye ngenxa yokukhubazeka bangenako ukugcwalisa iifom xa besenza izicelo. Igosa lolwazi kufuneka lizehlisele ekubhalweni phantsi izicelo zabo zomlomo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokungeniswa kwesicelo kwiqumrhu likarhulumente / Ukuphathwa kwesicelo?
Emva kokungeniswa kweFom A kwigosa lolwazi kunye nentlawulo yemali ehlawulelwa isicelo, igosa lolwazi kufuneka liphendule kwisicelo kwiintsuku ezingama-30. Igosa lolwazi linokulolula ixesha leentsuku ezingama-30 kanye kuphela iintsuku ezingama-30 ezingaphaya, emva kokwaziswa okubhalwe phantsi kunye nezizathu zololulo olunjalo kumceli.
Apho igosa lolwazi lenza isigqibo sokunika umceli ufikelelo kwirekhodi, kufuneka likhombise umceli ukuba kufuneka ahlawule imali yofikelelo (ukuba kukho nayiphi) ngexesha elichithiweyo kukhangelwa kwaye kulungiswa irekhodi, kwaye axele uhlobo ufikelelo oluya kunikwa ngalo.
Kwisehlo apho ufikelelo lwaliwayo, igosa lolwazi kufuneka linike umceli izizathu zokwala okunjalo kwaye lixele icandelo elikhethekileyo ekuthenjelwe kulo phantsi kwezizathu zokwala ngokwemigqaliselo ye-PAIA.
Kuyakwenzeka ntoni ukuba ngaba isicelo sam asiphendulwanga kwiintsuku ezingama-30 / kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zexesha elongeziweyo okanye ndinemvakalelo yokuba ndihlutshiwe sisigqibo segosa lolwazi?
Apho isicelo sofikelelo singahoywanga nje ngokulula okanye igosa lolwazi lisilele ukuphendula isicelo kwiintsuku ezingama-30 okanye kwixesha elongeziweyo leentsuku ezingama-30 ezingaphaya, oko kungaphenduli kunjalo kucingelwa ukuba kukwala.
Xa iqumrhu likarhulumente linesiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo endaweni, umceli unokuthi ke afake isibheno sangaphakathi kwisiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo, kusilelo lokuphendula kwegosa lolwazi. Inkqubo yesibheno sangaphakathi mayifakwe kwisiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo kwiintsuku ezingama- 60 ezisukela kumhla igosa lolwazi ebekumele lenze ngazo isigqibo esiphathelene nesicelo. Kananjalo, apho iqumrhu likarhulumente lingenaso isiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo esisebenzayo, umceli kufuneka enze isicelo esiya enkundleni esichasene nesigqibo negosa lolwazi.
Kukho inani lezehlo umceli angaziva ehlutshiwe kuzo sisigqibo segosa lolwazi. Umceli angahlutshwa: sisigqibo segosa lolwazi sokungalukhuphi ulwazi oluceliweyo; isigqibo segosa lolwazi sokulukhupha ulwazi kodwa lisuse iinxenye ezithile ukude kuyokuma ekubeni isidima serekhodi sibe sehlazweni, kuba ulwazi luyakube lungenzi nto ivakalayo, ubungakanani bemali yofikelelo umceli ekuya kufuneka ayihlawule, uhlobo lofikelelo olunikiweyo, okanye ukolulwa kwexesha lokusebenza ngesicelo.
Kuzo naziphi na kwezi zihlo, umceli unokufaka isibheno sangaphakathi kwisiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo, kwiintsuku ezingama-60 zokufumana isigqibo esivela kwigosa lolwazi. Umceli kufuneka agcwalise iFom B ukufaka isibheno sangaphakathi kwisiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo.
Ukuba ngaba umceli akonelisekanga sisigqibo sesiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo, okanye ukuba ngaba isiphathamandla asiphenduli kwisibheno sangaphakathi, umceli unokufaka isicelo enkundleni ngokwemigqaliselo ye-PAIA. Isicelo esiya enkundleni kufuneka senziwe kwiintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuba isigqibo senziwe sisiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo, okanye ukusilela ukuphendula kwesiphathamandla esibandakanyekayo.
Usenza njani isicelo sofikelelo kwirekhodi kwiqumrhu labucala?
Naninini na umntu (umceli)efuna ukwenza isicelo solwazi kwiqumrhu labucala, kufuneka asenze ngokubhalwe phantsi isicelo esinjalo. IFom C kufuneka igcwaliswe xa kusenziwa isicelo kwiqumrhu labucala. Umceli unyanzelekile ukunika na(zi)siphi na isizathu sokuba kutheni ecela loo rekhodi nje kwiqumrhu labucala ngokukhombisa ilungelo alifunayo lokusebenzisa okanye ukukhusela ngokucela ulwazi olufunwayo.
IFom C mayingeniswe kwintloko yelo qumrhu labucala kunye nentlawulo yemali yesicelo esisixa sama-R50.00. Intloko yequmrhu labucala kufuneka isiphendule isicelo sofikelelo kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zokufunyanwa kwaso. Intloko yequmrhu labucala inokulolula ixesha leentsuku ezingama - 30 kanye kuphela, iintsuku ezingama-30 ezingaphaya, emva kwesaziso esibhaliweyo esinezizathu zolo lolulo kumceli.
Kuyakwenzeka ntoni ukuba isicelo sam asiphendulwanga kwiintsuku ezingama-30 / kwixesha elongeziweyo leentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ndinemvakalelo yokuba ndihlutshwa sisigqibo sentloko yequmrhu labucala?
Apho intloko yequmrhu labucala isilela ukuphendula kwisicelo sofikelelo, umceli unokufaka isicelo kwinkundla ngentsilelo enjalo yokuphendula kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zomhla apho intloko yequmrhu labucala bekufanele yenze isigqibo ngalo ngesicelo.
Apho umceli ahlutshwe khona sisigqibo sentloko yequmrhu labucala sokwala isicelo sofikelelo, okanye sisigqibo esiphathelene nemali ehlawulwayo ngokunxulumene nofikelelo kwiirekhodi zequmrhu labucala; ngohlobo lofikelelo, okanye ngokolulwa kwexesha leentsuku ezingama - 30 ukuze kusetyenzwe ngesicelo, umceli kwiintsuku ezingama-30 unokufaka isicelo kwinkundla ngokuchasene nesigqibo esinjalo kunye nesiqabu esifanelekileyo.
Njengenye indlela yokuzisa isicelo enkundleni, umceli unokusifaka isikhalazo kwi-Ofisi yoMkhuseli woluNtu ukuba lo wakamva adlale indima yolamlo noxolelwaniso, okanye athetha-thethane namaqela ukusombulula imbambano. Umceli unokuwudlulisela kwakhona umcimbi / isikhalazo kwiKomishini yamaLungelo oluNtu ukuba ilamle, yenze uthetha-thethwano okanye uxolelwaniso ngokwemigqaliselo yamagunya ayo, phakathi kwamaqela apho umceli alelwa khona ufikelelo okanye ahlutshwa sisigqibo segosa lolwazi okanye sentloko yequmrhu labucala.
Apho kukho khona umntu irekhodi ecelwayo inxulumene naye, okanye apho umntu othile anomdla kuloo rekhodi, umntu onjalo waziwa njengomntu wesithathu. Kwimeko enjalo, igosa lolwazi kufuneka lithathe onke amanyathelo afunekayo okuxelela loo mntu wesithathu ngesicelo, kwaye kufuneka likwenze oko kwiintsuku ezingama-21 ezisemva kokuba isicelo sifunyenwe.
Umntu wesithetho unokwenza intetho yomlomo okanye ebhaliweyo kwigosa lolwazi kunye/okanye anike imvume ebhaliweyo yokukhulula irekhodi kwiintsuku ezingama-21, emva kokuba azisiwe ngesicelo.
Emva kokuba lithathele ingqalelo efunekayo kwintetho yomntu wesithathu, igosa lolwazi kufuneka lenze isigqibo sokuba mhlawumbi liyalunika na ufikelelo okanye hayi. Ukwala ukuvuma komntu wesithathu akuthethi ukuba ulwazi luyakugcinwa.
Imfuno yokudluliswa kwesicelo ivela apho isicelo senziweyo khona, umzekelo kwiSebe lezobuLungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko, engekho kulo okanye engenalo ulawulo kwirekhodi eceliweyo. Endaweni yoko irekhodi ibe iphantsi ikwiSebe lezoLimo okanye iphantsi kolawulo lwalo. Xa kusenzeka oko, igosa lolwazi kwiSebe lezobuLungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko, kufuneka kwiintsuku ezili-14, lidlulisele isicelo kwigosa lolawulo leSebe lezoLimo. Igosa lolwazi lesebe lamva kufuneka liqale ngeso sicelo ngokungathi belingumamkeli wokuqala wesicelo.
Igosa lolwazi linokululibazisa ufikelelo kwirekhodi, ukuba ngaba irekhodi iza kupapashwa kwiintsuku ezingama-90 ezisemva kokufunyanwa okanye zokudluliswa kwesicelo, okanye ixesha elingaphaya elifunelwa ukushicilelwa okanye ukuguqulwa kwerekhodi. Ufikelelo kwirekhodi lunokulityaziswa kwakhona ukuba ngaba ifunwa ngumthetho ukuba ipapashswe kwaye isaza kupapashwa. Ufikelelo kwirekhodi lunokulityaziswa ngokungaphaya ukuba ngaba ilungiselelwe ukuba ingeniswe kuyo nayiphi na indlu yowiso-mthetho okanye emntwini, kwaye ibe isaza kungeniswa. Ufikelelo lunokulityaziswa kwezi meko zingasentla ixesha elifanelekileyo.
Igosa lolwazi kufuneka limazise umceli kwiintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuba isaziso sokulibazisa sinikiwe, ukuba umceli angathetha naye, ukuba kutheni irekhodi ifunwa phambi kopapasho okanye kongeniso, kwaye kwakhona ngexesha lolibaziso.
Ukuba ngaba iintetho ezinjalo zenziwe, igosa lolwazi kufuneka linike izizathu ezifanelekileyo zokukholelwa ukuba ulibaziso aluyi kuba ngecala lomceli ukuba ngaba ufikelelo luyalityaziswa.
Ukwahluka kumalunga nokwahlukana, ukucinywa, okanye ukufihla ulwazi oluqulethwe kwirekhodi. Igosa lolwazi linokwahlukanisa, licime okanye lifihle iinxenye zolwazi oluqulethwe kwirekhodi. Oku kwenzeka xa ulwazi oluthile kwirekhodi lungenakukhululwa. Igosa lolwazi linokusika iinxenye zaloo rekhodi, kwaye libambe oko kunokwaliwa ngokungqinelana nezizathu zokwala kumThetho.
Ngokusikwa okufanelekileyo kwerekhodi, igosa lolwazi kufuneka liqinisekise ukuba isidima serekhodi asibekwa ehlazweni ukuba ide iphulukane nentsingiselo. Jonga kwiSihlomelo B ngemizekelo yerekhodi efihliweyo apho ke isidima siye sibe sehlazweni, kunye nalapho nokuba ifihliwe isidima serekhodi siyagcineka.
Apho ulwazi lushicilelweyo khona kwaye lunokuphinde luveliswe ngohlobo lwesandi, ulungiselelo lunokwenziwa ukuze umceli azive ezo zandi. Apho ukhutshelo olubhalwe phantsi nolushicilelweyo lwezo zandi lunokwenziwa, ukhutshelo olunjalo kufuneka lunikwe.
Apho umceli anokufikelela kwirekhodi ngendlela yokuhlola, ukujonga okanye ukuva, umceli unokwenza iikopi okanye akhuphele irekhodi esebenzisa isixhobo somceli.
Ukuba ngaba isibheno sangaphakathi okanye sasenkundleni sifakiwe ekunikweni kwesicelo sofikelelo kwirekhodi, ufikelelo lunokunikwa kuphela xa isigqibo sokusinika siqinisekisiwe ekugqibeleni.
Xa ufikelelo kwiirekhodi lunikiwe, umceli kufuneka alunikwe ufikelelo ngolwimi alukhethayo, ukuba lukhona. Apho irekhodi ingekhoyo khona ngolwimi olukhethwayo okanye umceli engalukhombisanga ulwimi alukhethayo, irekhodi mayinikwe ngalo naluphi na ulwimi olukhoyo.
Igosa lolwazi kufuneka lilondoloze irekhodi de isigqibo sokugqibela senziwe. Zonke iirekhodi eziphathelene neso sicelo kufuneka zingabhucabhucwa, zirhoxiswe, zitshatyalaliswe, zilahlwe okanye zenziwe zingabi yonyani.
Kukho ingxaki ngokuphathelene nokugcinwa - kwerekhodi kuwo omabini amaqumrhu elikarhulumente nelabucala. Amaqumrhu karhulumente nawabucala anemigaqo-nkqubo yawo eyiyeyawo kugcino - lwerekhodi. I-PAIA ayiwenzi ummiselo wokuba kufuneka lushicilelwe njani na ulwazi.
Ugcino lweerekhodi olulambathayo luneempembelelo ezimbi kwimali yofikelelo ekufuneka ihlawulwe kwixesha elichithiweyo kukhangelwa kunye nokulungiswa kwerekhodi. Lukwaneempembelelo kuniko lolwazi ngoko nangoko; oku kunokubonwa kwiimeko apho ulwazi lufunwa ngokungxamisekileyo kwaye belunokunikwa ngoko nangoko.
Izenzo ezilungileyo zolawulo lweerekhodi ziyakunceda iziphathamandla ukuba zihlangabezane nemisebenzi yazo phantsi komThetho. Ziyakuqinisekisa ukuba ukwenziwa kweerekhodi ekunokuthenjelwa kuzo, ekulula ukuzifumana, kwenza kube lula ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza ngezicelo zofikelelo kulwazi, kwaye kunika ulungiselelo lokufaka koovimba okanye ukutshatyalaliswea kweerekhodi.
INcwadana luxwebhu ekufuneka luqulunqwe ngawo onke amaqumrhu akhoyo karhulumente. Amaqumrhu asanda kusekwa kufuneka aqulunqe incwadana kwiinyanga ezintandathu zobukho bawo kwelo qumrhu likarhulumente. Incwadana kufuneka iqulathe igama nedilesi yequmrhu likarhulumente, iinkonzo ezinikwa liqumrhu likarhulumente, uluhlu lweerekhodi iqumrhu likarhulumente elinalo kunye nolwazi lokuba uluntu lungafikelela njani kwezo rekhodi. Iqumrhu likarhulumente ngalinye kufuneka liqulunqe incwadana okungenani ngezintathu iilwimi ezisemthethweni kwaye zikungenise oku kwiKomshini yamaLungelo oluNtu yoMzantsi Afrika. Incwadana kwakhona kufuneka yenziwe ukuba ifumaneke kwi-website yequmrhu likarhulumente, ukuba kukho naliphi na kunye nakwi-ofisi nganye yequmrhu likarhulumnete. Iqumrhu likarhulumente ukuba ngaba kukho imfuneko kufuneka lihlaziye kwaye lipapashe incwadana yalo kumakhefu angekho ngaphezulu konyaka omnye.
Icandelo ngalinye likarhulumente kufuneka liqulunqe iindidi zeerekhodi esele zilungele ukufumaneka, ngaphandle kokucela ulwazi ngokwemigqaliselo ye-PAIA. Olu hlobo lolwazi, apho umntu anokuba nofikelelo ngaphandle kokuba loo mntu alandele iimfuno zenkqubo phantsi komThetho. Ezi ndidi zeerekhodi kufuneka zingeniswe kuMphathiswa wezobuLungisa noPhuhliso loMgaqo-siseko. Olu lwazi kwakhona kufuneka luqukwe kwincwadana zecandelo le-14.
Amaqumrhu abucala anokuqulunqa iindidi zeerekhodi esele zilungele ukufumaneka, ngaphandle kokuba iirekhodi ezinjalo zicelwe ngokusesikweni ngumceli ngokwemigqaliselo yei-PAIA.
Ukwenzela ukuba iirekhodi zequmrhu likarhulumente zifikeleleke lula kangangoko kunokwenzeka kumceli, iqumrhu likarhulumente kufuneka lonyule oosekela magosa olwazi. Igosa lolwazi linokunikezela ngamagunya alo kusekela gosa wolwazi. Ugunyaziso olunjalo kufuneka lubhalwe phantsi kwaye lunokurhoxiswa ngalo naliphi na ixesha.
Wonke umntu kufuneka angenise ingxelo ngonyaka (ixesha lokwenza ingxelo -1 Aprili ukuya kuma-31 Matshi) kwiKomishini yamaLungelo oluNtu yoMzantsi Afrika enamagqabantshintshi ngenani lezicelo ezingenisiweyo kwelo qumrhu likarhulumente kwaye elo qumrhu lisebenze njani nezo zicelo. Kufuneka kukhonjiswe kwingxelo ukuba zizicelo ezingaphi na ezanikwa ngokupheleleyo; zingaphi ezaliwayo; zingaphi ezanikwa ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lama-46 kunye nezo zanikwa ngokuyinxalenye kunye nenani lamaxesha ummiselo ngamnye weli candelo kwathenjelwa kuwo ukwalela ufikelelo olupheleleyo okanye inxalenye yalo; inani lezihlo apho ixesha leentsuku ezingama-30 laye longezwa; inani lezibheno ezifakiweyo ngenxa yokwaliwa okucingelwayo, inani lezicelo eziye enkundleni ngenxa yezibheno zangaphakathi ezithathwa ngokuba zichithiwe.
Xa umceli exelela igosa lolwazi ngequmrhu labucala anomnqweno wokwenza isicelo sofikelelo kwiirekhodi zelo qumrhu likarhulumente, igosa lolwazi kufuneka lulunike olo ncedo lufanelekileyo, ngaphandle kwentlawulo, ukuze umceli abe nako ukugcwalisa ifom emiselweyo.
Apho isicelo sofikelelo singavumelaniyo nemimiselo ye-PAIA, igosa lolwazi ngeke lisale isicelo ngenxa yoko kungavumelani, ngaphandle kokuba igosa lolwazi limazise ngokubhalwe phantsi umceli ngenjongo yokwala isicelo, kunye nezizathu zenjongo yokusala isicelo kunye nokuba igosa lolwazi okanye elinye igosa liyakunika uncedo kumceli, ukwenzela ukuba isicelo senziwe ngendlela eya kwenza ukuba singabikho isizathu sokwala.
Apho kufanelekileyo kunokwenzeka, igosa lolwazi kufuneka kwakhona linike umceli ukongeza kulwazi oluceliweyo (apho ufikelelo lunokunikwa khona okanye lunokwaliwa), naluphi na ulwazi olugcinwe liqumrhu likarhulumente, kwaye olubalulekileyo kwisicelo.
Igosa lolwazi kufuneka linike umceli ithuba elifanelekileyo mhlawumbi lokuqinisekisa okanye lokutshintsha isicelo, ukwenzela ukuba singqinelane nefom yezicelo.
Igosa lolwazi kufuneka liphendule kwisicelo sofikelelo kwiintsuku ezingama-30, emva kokufunyanwa kwesicelo. Igosa lolwazi linokulolula ixesha leentsuku ezingama-30, kanye kuphela kwaye iintsuku ezingama-30. Igosa lolwazi lenze isigqibo sokuba mhlawumbi lingasivumana isicelo, kwaye kufuneka livume ngokubhalwe phantsi kumceli ngesi sizathu.
Ukuba ngaba emva kokuba ilifumene isicelo igosa lolwazi, kuye kwacaca ukuba isicelo bekufanele ukuba senziwe kwelinye iqumrhu likarhulumente, igosa lolwazi kufuneka linike olo ncedo luyimfuneko lunjalo ukwenzela ukuba umntu abe nako ukwenza isicelo kwigosa lolwazi lequmrhu likarhulumente elifanelekileyo, okanye kufuneka lidlulisele isicelo kwigosa lolwazi elibandakanyekayo, nokuba yeyiphi na enokunceda.
Apho isicelo sofikelelo senziwa kwigosa lolwazi lequmrhu likarhulumnte kwaye irekhodi ingekho okanye ingekho phantsi kolawulo lwelo qumrhu, kodwa ikwelinye iqumrhu likarhulumente; okanye apho umxholo womxholo werekhodi eceliweyo unxulumene ngokufutshane nemisebenzi yelinye iqumrhu likarhulumente, igosa lolwazi kufuneka kwiintsuku ezili-14 emva kokuba sifunyenwe isicelo, sidlulisele isicelo kwigosa lolwazi lelinye iqumrhu likarhulumente elibandakanyekayo. Igosa lolwazi kufuneka lazise umceli ngoku ngokubhalwe phantsi.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo sofikelelo sinikiwe, isaziso kufuneka sixele imali yofikelelo (ukuba ikhona) emayihlawulwe kufikelelo, kunye nohlobo oluya kunikwa ngalo ufikelelo. Isaziso kufuneka sixele kwakhona ukuba umceli unokufaka isibheno sangaphakathi okanye isicelo enkundleni, njengoko imeko inokufuna.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo sofikelelo saliwe, isaziso masixele izizathu ezaneleyo zokwaliwa, kuqukwa nemimiselo ye-PAIA ekuthenjelwe kuyo. Isaziso masixele kwakhona ukuba umceli unokufaka isibheno sangaphakathi okanye isicelo enkundleni, oko kuxhomekeke kwimeko, ekwaliweni kwesicelo, kwaye kufuneka akhombise inkqubo kunye nexesha, lokufaka isibheno sangaphakathi okanye isicelo, njengoko imeko inokufuna.
Iintloko zamaqumrhu abucala kufuneka ziqulunqe incwadana ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lama-51 le-PAIA kwaye ziyingenise kwiKomishini yamalungelo oluNtu yoMzantsi Afrika; kunye nequmrhu elilawulayo apho eloqumrhu labucala lililungu lalo, ukuba likhona. Kufuneka kwakhona lenze ikuba incwadana ifumaneke kwi-web site yalo, ukuba ikhona. Amaqumrhu abucala awanyanzelekanga ukuba aqulunqe incwadana ngeelwimi ezintahu.
Nangona, ukhutshelo ngaphandle okwangoku lunikiwe kumaqumrhu abucala ngokunxulumene nokuqulunqwa kweencwadana zawo. Jonga kwSihlomelo D.
Njengoko sekuxeliwe ngaphambili, kukho imida kwilungelo lofikelelo kulwazi. Ikhona ngokohlobo lokukhutshelwa ngaphandle, kunye nezizathu apho igosa lolwazi lingathembela kuzo ukwala ufikelelo olubonelelweyo kwi-PAIA.
I-PAIA idwelisa inani leerekhodi ezikhutshelwa ngaphandle ekubeni kwenziwe isicelo sazo.
Ezi ziirekhodi zekhabhinethi kunye neekomiti zazo, iirekhodi ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yokugweba yeenkundla ekubhekiselelwe kuyo kwicandelo le-166 loMgaqo-siseko, iirekhodi zeeNkundla zamaTyala eziKhethekileyo ezisekwe ngokwemigqaliselo yecandelo lesi-2 lomThetho weeYunithi zoPhando eziKhethekileyo kunye neeNkundla zamaTyala eziKhethekileyo oyiNombolo yama-74 ka-1996, iirekhodi zegosa eligwebayo lenkundla enjalo okanye leNkundla yamaTyala eKhethekileyo, iirekhodi zamalungu angawodwa ePalamente okanye lendlu yowiso-mthetho yephondo kweso sikhundla, okanye iirekhodi ezinxulumene nesigqibo ekubhekiselelwe kuso kumhlathi (gg) lenkcazo ye- 'senzo solawulo' kwicandelo loku-1 lomThetho wokuPhakanyiswa koLawulo lobuLungisa, oyiNombolo yesi-3 ka-2000, ngokuphathelene nonyulo, ukhetho okanye ukuqeshwa kwegosa eligwebayo okanye nawuphi na umntu yiKomishini yeNkonzo yokuGweba ngokwemigqaliselo yawo nawuphi na umthetho.
Ufikelelo kwiirekhodi lunokwaliwa, kwaye i-PAIA idwelisa izizathu ezahlukeneyo apho iqumrhu likarhulumente okanye labucala lingathembela kuzo ekwaleni ufikelelo. Kukho izizathu ezinyanzelekileyo kunye nezixhomekeke kwingqiqo yomntu. Izizathu ezinyanzelekileyo zokwala ziyimfuneko ukuthintela impixano yemithetho kunye nokukhusela imidla ethile. Umzekelo umdla onxulumene nokhuselo lwesizwe, umdla wamaqumrhu athile karhulumente, njengeenkundla, iPalamente, ngokunjalo nomdla worhwebo, imidla yomntu wesithathu njl njl.
Umntu othi ngenjongo yokwalela ilungelo lofikelelo kulwazi ngokwemigqaliselo ye-PAIA atshabalalise; onakalise okanye atshintshe irekhodi; acime irekhodi; enze ingabiyonyani irekhodi okanye enze irekhodi engeyonyani, wenza ityala kwaye kufuneka agwetye isohlwayo okanye avalelwe ixesha elingadluliyo kwiminyaka emibini.
Igosa lolwazi eliye ngenkani okanye ngokungahoyi okukrwada lingayithobeli imimiselo yecandelo le-14 (ukungeniswa kwencwadana) lenza ityala kufuneka ligwetye isohlwayo okanye livalelwe ixesha elingadluliyo kwiminyaka emibini.
Intloko yombutho wabucala eye ngenkani okanye ngokungahoyi okukrwada yangayithobeli imimiselo yecandelo lama-51 (ukungeniswa kwencwadana) yenza ityala kufuneka igwetye isohlwayo okanye ivalelwe ixesha elingadluliyo kwiminyaka emibini.
Inkqubo yethenda kulapho abaniki nkonzo bamenywayo ukuba bafake izicelo ukuba banikeze inkonzo kumaziko karhulumente, kwaye bakhuphisanele ukunikwa ikontraki. Umzekelo, uMasipala we-Bua eFreyistata ukhupha ithenda yokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma. AbezoThutho baka-Elly, abezoThutho baka-Bill kunye nabezoThutho baka-Cicily bangenisa ithenda. Emva kwenkqubo yokugweba, abezoThutho bakwa-Cicily bayakhethwa ke njengabaniki nkonzo yokuqokelela inkunkuma. Ingaba abaniki nkonzo abangaphumelelanga abezoThutho bakwa-Elly nabezoThutho bakwa-Billy bangasebenzisa i-PAIA ukucela ufikelelo kwiirekhodi zeKomiti yabaGwebi eyayihlalele ukukhethwa komniki nkonzo ophumeleleyo?
Impendulo ngu, ewe, banako. Nangona, ilungelo lofikelelo kulwazi njengawo onke amalungelo linemida. Oku kuthetha ukuba isicelo sokufikelela kwirekhodi sinokwaliwa ukuba kukho izizathu zokukwenza oko ngokwemigqaliselo ye-PAIA.
Oko kukuthi. UmThetho wokuPhakanyiswa koLawulo lobuLungisa, 2000.
UNosipho uhlala ezilalini kwaye ufuna ukuqonda ukuba kutheni ilali yakhe ingazifumaniyo iinkonzo ezihambisa amanzi ngelori kumasipala wakhe wengingqi. Wenza isicelo phantsi kwe-PAIA sokufumana uyilo lokuhanjiswa kwamanzi emizini kwilali yakhe. Unikwa uyilo phantsi kwe-PAIA, kwaye afumanise ukuba ngexa kukho olu yilo, abaqhubi beelori zamanzi khange bayinake ilali yakhe, kuba yayingekho endleleni yabo ngokwekontraki yomniki nkonzo welori ehambisa amanzi nomasipala. Oku kuziswa kwingqwalasela yamagosa kamasipala, aye ke acela abaqhubi belori yamanzi ukuba beme elalini kaNosipho ukuze abantu baselalini bafumane amanzi. Le yindlela enokusetyenziswa ngayo i-PAIA ukunceda abantu ukuba bafikelele kwiinkozo ezisisiseko.
UTsakane wafaka isicelo sendlu ye-RDP kwiSebe leziNdlu lephondo ePolokwane ngo-2004. Zange afumane mpendulo kwisebe. Ngoku ufuna ukwazi ngamandla ukuba ukhona na kuluhlu lolwabiwo lwezindlu lwesebe. Ugqiba ekubeni asebenzise i-PAIA ukucela indlela esetyenziswayo kulwabiwo, kunye nokuba ingaba igama lakhe likuluhlu olulindeleyo na ngokunjalo noyilo kunye nexesha elimisiweyo lokwakhiwa kwezindlu ze-RDP. Ungenisa iFom A yakhe kwigosa lolwazi lesebe, kwaye ufumana impendulo yakhe kwiintsuku ezingama-30. Ekufumaneni ulwazi, ufumanisa ukuba igama lakhe alikho kuluhlu, nangona ehlangabezana nendlela esetyenziswayo ukukhetha. Ufumanisa ukuba ngenxa yempazamo kulawulo, igama lakhe lashiywa. Uye ke athethe ne-MEC yeziNdlu ePolokwane, eye imncedise ngokufakwa kwegama lakhe kuluhlu.
Ndilucela njani ulwazi kwiqumrhu likarhulumente?
Kufuneka ndiyilindele ixesha elingakanani impendulo?
Ingaba kufuneka ndinike izizathu okanye ndikhombise ilungelo endinqwenela ukulikhusela okanye ndilisebenzise xa ndicela ulwazi kwiqumrhu labucala?
Ndilucela njani ulwazi kwiqumrhu labucala?
Ingaba kufuneka ndinike izizathu okanye ndikhombise ilungelo endinqwenela ukulikhusela okanye ndilisebenzise xa ndicela ulwazi kwiqumrhu labucala?
Yintoni endiyenzayo xa ndingonelisekanga ngesigqibo segosa lolwazi lesebe likarhulumente okanye apho intloko ingaphenduliyo kwisicelo sam?
Ndisifaka kubani isibheno sangaphakathi?
Kufuneka sifakwe emva kweentsuku ezingaphi isibheno sangaphakathi?
Yintoni endiyezayo xa ndingonelisekanga sisigqibo segosa lolwazi lweKomishini yamaLungelo oluNtu, uMkhuseli woluNtu, uMphicothi-ziNcwadi Jikelele, iKomishini kuLingano ngokweSini okanye igosa lolwazi lwale mibutho lingasiphenduli isicelo sam?
Yintoni endiyenzayo xa ndingonelisekanga ngesigqibo sentloko yequmrhu labucala okanye apho intloko ingaphenduliyo kwisicelo sam?
Ingaba igosa lolwazi linganika ulwazi ngekhethe?
Ekufunyanweni kwefom yesicelo, kufuneka lenzeni igosa lolwazi xa lifumanisa ukuba alikho kulawulo okanye alinayo irekhodi eceliweyo?
Kwenzeka ntoni kwiimeko apho isiphathamandla esifanelekileyo sisilela ukwazisa ngesigqibo kwisibheno sangaphakathi Kwaye, luncedo luni endinalo?
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_iSebe lezobuGcisa nenNkcubeko.txt</fn>
Imbumbulu-Lwazi, isebenza ngeSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko iqalisa kwaye ikwahlawulela uphando oluthile lwe-LIS kumgangatho wesizwe.
Onke la mazwembezwembe abalulwe ngasentla apha ajolise ekuqaqambiseni ukuba nakho ukufikelela kulwazi kwilizwe lonke.
I-Ofisi yeSebe engaPhantsi kweNkulu yoLwazi-Mbumbulu yincam yesizwe ekujoliswe kuyo phakathi kuRhulumente wesizwe ejongene micimbi ethile ephathelele kwiinkonzo zamathala eencwadi nolwazi (library and information services) (LIS) kwizinga lesizwe.
I-Ofisi engaphantsi kweyiNtloko ibekwe phakathi kwiNdawo yokugcina iiMbalo zesizwe, ezibalulekileyo neeNkonzo zeeRekhodi ze Ofisi eyiNtloko yeSebe lesizwe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko kwaye liphantsi koMphathi weNdawo yesizwe, yokugcina iimbalo ezibalulekileyo, uGqirha Graham Dominy.
Umbono we-Ofisi engaphantsi kweyiNtloko kukudala nokugcina inkqubo yolwazi-mbumbulu olusebenza ngempumelelo, nkqubo leyo eya kukhuthaza ukuba nokufikelela kulwazi, ikwaqinisekisa ukuba bonke abemi bathabatha inxaxheba kwiSosayethi yoLwazi, ngaloo ndlela ibe negalelo kuphuhliso lwelizwe Injongo kukucebisa uMphathiswa weSebe lezobuGcisa neNkcubeko kuphuhliso, ukulungelelanisa, nokugcina inkqubo nesakhiwo sembumbulu -lwazi.
Inkqubo yesizwe yembumbulu-lwazi kuMzantsi Afrika ineendidi ezininzi zamathala eencwadi neminye imibutho yezolwazi kwaye ilungiselelwa sisakhiwo sowiso-mthetho.
i-NLSA isebenza njengommeli webibliografiki yesizwe kwanaje ngethala leencwadi lesizwe, lokugcina okubalulekileyo. UMbindi/ indawo ebalulekileyo yeNcwadi, elisetyana elikhetheke ngokukodwa phakathi kwi-NLSA, likhuthaza ukwazi ukufunda nokubhala, ukuphuhliswa/ ukuveliswa kweencwadi, kunye nesiqhelo sokufunda. IBLINDLIB ivelisa ikwahamisa kwisizwe siphela, uncwadi olubhalwe ngendlela elungiselela abo bakhubazeke ngokungaboni- Braille, kunye neeteyiphu eziya ngqo kwabo bangaboniyo nabo bakhubazeke ngokungabi nakufunda ulwazi olubhaliweyo. Icandelo leeNkonzo zeSABWO's zeBraille ziphuhlisa uncwadi nolubhalwe ngendlela yeBraille xa luthe lwafunwa. Zombini I-LSA ne-BLINDLIB zisebenzisa iinkqubo eziveliswe ngekompyutha ukulungiselela ukuba uluntu lube nokufikelela kwingqokolela yazo nokukhuthaza ukwabelana ngezinto.
I-Ofisi engaphantsi kweyintloko yeSebe ikwasebenza njenge- Nobhala weKomiti yokugcina ezoMthetho emiselwe ngokusemthethweni kunye neeNkonzo zelizwe zamathala eeNcwadi noLwazi. Ulwazi-mbumbulu lukwalawula nenkqubo yokufaka ngokutsha kumgaqo siseko iKomiti neKhansile.
Ngokufutshane, uMthetho wowe-1977, wokubeka ezoMthetho, uqinisekisa ukuba ebuncinaneni, ikopi enye yoxwebhu ngalunye olupapashwe eMzantsi Afrika ithunyelwa kwi-NLSA, kwiThala leeNcwadi lePalamente, iThala leeNcwadi lweSosayethi yaseNatala nakwiiNkonzo zeThala leeNcwadi likaWonkewonke e-Mangaung (Bloemfontein). Iikopi nezinto ezivakala ngesandi zikwabonwa nangamehlo (audio-visual) zithunyelwa kwiiNdawo yelizwe, yokugcina iiMbalo ezibalulekileyo zefilimu, iVideyo neSandi, ePitoli. Ngalo Mthetho, liyagcinakala iLifa loMzantsi Afrika loko kubhaliweyo kwaye likwenziwa ukuba lifikeleleke ebantwini.
<fn>xho_Article_National Language Services_umThetho (2000).txt</fn>
SEKA indlela yesizwe elungelelanisiweyo yemfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho ephakamisa ulawulo olusebenzisanayo kwaye olulungiselela esekelwe kwimfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho.
Imisebenzi yeLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngokunxulumene neziko labucala.
xxiv "lo mthetho" uquka imimiselo eyenziwe phantsi kwalo mthetho.
Lo mThetho usebenza nakuyiphi na imfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho olunikwa nakuliphi na iziko kwiRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo kunye neNtloko yeSebe mabasebenzise nawaphi na amagunya anikezelwe kubo ngulo okanye ngaphantsi kwalo mThetho, emva kokuthathela ingqalelo epheleleyo inkqubo esebenzayo emiselwe ngokwemiqathango yomThetho weNkqubo yeMfundo yeSizwe, 1996 umThetho oyiNombolo yama-27 ka-1996.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo linokuseka iziko loluntu, ngesaziso kwiPhepha likaRhulumente lePhondo kunye nakwimali enikelwe loo njongo luwiso-mthetho lwephondo ekuthethwa ngalo.
Naliphi na iziko loluntu elicamngciweyo kwicandelwana 1 malibe semthethweni.
Iziko loluntu elikwipropati engenakususwa emnini wayo inguRhulumente, linelungelo, ngexesha lobukho beziko, lokuhlala kwaye lisebenzise ipropati engenakususwa ukuze kuncedeke iziko ngeenjongo zemfundo.
Kweli candelo, ipropati engenakususwa emnini wayo inguRhulumente kuqukwa ipropati engenakususwa ekwitrasti egameni lesizwe yitrasti eyenziwe ngumthetho.
Ilungelo ekubhekiselewe kulo kwicandelwana 3 linokunyinwa yiNtloko yeSebe ukuba ngaba ipropati engenakususwa ayisetyenziselwa iinjongo zemfundo liziko.
b nike iqumrhu elilawulayo leziko ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuwaneka kuye umcimbi ngokunxulumene nesenzo esinjalo; kunye c thathele ingqalelo kwangexesha naluphi na ulwaneko olunjalo olufunyenweyo.
iNtloko yeSebe mayinike izibonelelo emazisetyenziswe liziko loluntu ukuba lenze imisebenzi yalo ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho.
Ukuba akukho zibonelelo zifumanekayo zokuba zisetyenziswe liziko loluntu, iNtloko yeSebe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo 20 lKlomThetho weZikolo zoMzantsi Afrika, 1996 umThetho oyiNombolo yama-84 ka-1996, mayicele iqumrhu elilawulayo lezikolo zoluntu ukuba livumele ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwezibonelelo zesikolo liziko loluntu.
f Ukhuselo lwesibonelelo; kunye g Ubuddlelwane phakathi kwequmrhu elilawula isikolo kunye nequmrhu elilawula iziko loluntu.
iNtloko yeSebe kufuneka icebisane nequmrhu elilawulayo leziko loluntu ekuthethwa ngalo phambi kokungena kwisivumelwano esicamngciweyo kwicandelwana 3.
uMphathiswa, emva kokucebisana neBhunga labaPhathiswa beMfundo, unokwenza imithetho ephathelene neemfuno ezisezantsi zesivumelwano ezicamngcwe kwicandelwana 3.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwicandelwana , iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo, linokudibanisa amaziko oluntu amabini okanye ngaphezulu abe liziko elinye, ngesaziso kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni.
c ukuthathela ingqalelo imicimbi leyo ibekiweyo, kunye d nokwaneliseka ukuba abaqeshi besitafu kumaziko oluntu achaphazelekayo ayangqinelana neemfanelo zawo ngokwemiqathango yomthetho wemisebenzi osebenzayo.
Iimpahla, iimfanelo namalungelo amaziko adityanisiweyo aphezu kweziko elinye elicamngciweyo kwicandelwana 1.
Amaqumrhu alawulayo amaziko ekubhekiselwe kuwo kwicandelwana 1 makabe nentlanganiso phambi kokuba adityaniswe ukumisela iqumrhu elilawulayo lexeshana elilodwa.
Iqumrhu lexeshana elilawulayo maligqibe ngohlahlo-lwabiwo mali kunye neyantlukwano kwikhowudi yokuziphatha kunye nemali ehlawulwayo, ngokunjalo nawo nawuphi na umba obalulekileyo kudityaniso okanye emiselweyo, de libe iqumrhu elilawulayo elitsha limiselwe ngokwemiqathango yecandelo lesi-8.
Iqumrhu elilawulayo lalo naliphi na iziko loluntu eliza kudityaniswa phantsi kwecandelwana 1, linokubhena kuMphathiswa ngokuchasene nokudityaniswa.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo, ngesaziso kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni lePhondo, linokulivala iziko loluntu.
c liqhube indibano yoluntu emva kweentsuku ezingama-90 ukusukela kumhla wesaziso ekubhekiselwe kuso kwicandelwana 1 ukuze uluntu lube nako ukuthi thaca imicimbi yalo kulo ngokunxulumene nezenzo ezinjalo; kwaye d linike ingqalelo efanelekileyo kuyo nayiphi na imicimbi enjalo efunyenweyo.
Ukuba ngaba iziko loluntu liyavalwa ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana 1 zonke iimpahla kunye neemfanelo zeziko elinjalo makusetyenzwe ngazo ngokungqinelana nomthetho weLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngokucebisana nequmrhu elilawulayo, kwaye naziphi na iimpahla eziseleyo emva kokuhlawulwa kweemfanelo zisala kuRhulumente.
Iziko loluntu lilawulwa liqumrhu elilawulayo.
Iqumrhu elilawulayo malibe kwisikhundla sokuthemba kwiziko.
Uphatho lweziko loluntu malwamkelwe ngumphathi weziko phantsi kwegunya leNtloko yeSebe.
Iziko loluntu ngalinye maliseke iqumrhu elilawulayo ngaphandle kweziko loluntu elicamngciweyo kwicandelo lama-21 (d) lomThetho weziKolo woMzantsi Afrika, 1996 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-84 ka-1996) okanaye icandelo le-9 lomThetho weMfundo noQeqesho ongaPhaya ka-1998 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-98 ka-1998).
e nawuphi na ummeli wombutho wabantu abakhubazekileyo, apho kukho khona imfuneko; kunye f nayiphina ingcali kummandla wemfundo yabadala esisiseko kunye noqeqesho, apho kukho imfuneko.
b candelwana 3b malikhethwe ngamalungu esitafu angasingabo abafundisi kwiziko; kwaye c candelwana 3c malikhethwe ngabafundi kwiziko.
Amalungu acamngcwe kwicandelwana 2a, b, d, e kunye naku f mawamkele amalungu acamngcwe kwicandelwana 2c kuluntu olusetyenzelwa liziko kwaye amalungu anjalo amkelweyo anokuvota kuyo nakuyiphi na intlanganiso yequmrhu elilawulayo.
i usihlalo wequmrhu elilawulayo okanye naliphi na ilungu elonyulwe nguye ii inqununu okanye nawuphina umfundisi owonyulwe nguye, wesikolo soluntu apho iziko lisebenza khona.
b Ilungu elicamngcwe kumhlathi a alinakuvota kwintlanganiso yequmrhu elilawulayo.
Imisebenzi yequmrhu elilawulayo leziko loluntu ngokomgaqosiseko mawungqinelana neemfuno ezisezantsi ezimiselwe liLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngesaziso kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni lePhondo.
b ushicilelo kunye nokugcinwa kwemizuzu yeentlanganiso zequmrhu elilawulayo; kunye c nokwenza ukuba imizuzu enjalo ifumaneke ukuze ihlolwe yiNtloko yeSebe.
Iqumrhu elilawulayo kufuneka lingenise ikopi yomgaqosiseko yalo kwiNtloko yeSebe kwiintsuku ezingama-90 zokukhethwa kwalo.
Ukuba ngaba iziko loluntu lisekwa ngokwemiqathango yecandelo lesi- 3, ulawulo lwelo ziko luhleli kwiNtloko yeSebe de iqumrhu elilawulayo limiselwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho.
f Indlela yokubala inani lamalungu equmrhu elilawulayo kwicandelo ngalinye ekubhekiselwe kulo kwicandelwana 83, kwaye indlela enjalo kufuneka inike umelo olufanelekileyo kwicandelo ngalinye kwaye ibe nako ukusebenza kwiisayizi kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo zamaziko oluntu; kwaye g Nayiphi na eminye imicimbi ebalulekileyo kulonyulo, ukuqeshwa okanye ukuqaliswa kwe-ofisi yamalungu equmrhu elilawulayo.
b kukokona kulungele uluntu; okanye c kuceliwe ngamaqumrhu alawulayo amaziko anjalo, ukuba ngaba amaqumrhu alawulayo anjalo akhona.
b linike amaqela anomdla ithuba lokwenza izingeniso ezibhaliweyo kwixesha elingekho ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama-30; kunye c nokuthathela ingqalelo izingeniso ezinjalo.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo kufuneka, ngesaziso kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni, limisele ukusekwa kwequmrhu elilodwa ngendlela eqinisekisayo ukuba iziko ngalinye limelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Naliphi na iqumrhu elilawulayo elisisixhobo sesaziso ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana 2 liyakuqhuba likhona de ibe yintlanganiso yokuqala yequmrhu elilawulayo elimiselweyo ngokwemiqathango yeli candelo.
p ukukhupha yonke eminye imisebenzi enikwe kwiqumrhu elilawulayo ngulo okanye phantsi kwalo mthetho; kunye q nokukhupha yonke eminye imisebenzi ehambelana nomThetho njengoko kumiselwe nguMphathsiwa ngesaziso esikwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni, okanye liLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngesaziso esikwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni lePhondo.
a zabafundisi abongezelelekileyo kwisiseko esimiselwe liLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo lesi- 5 lomThetho weNgqesho; kunye b abantu abangasingabo abafundisi kwaye baqeshe isitafu esingasingabo abafundisi esongezelelekileyo kwisiseko esimiselwe ngumThetho weNkonzo kaRhululmente, 1994 iSaziso esiyiNombolo yama-103 sika-1994.
Iziko loluntu linokuqesha umfundisi kuphela kwisithuba ekubhekiselelwe kuso kwicandelwana 2a ukuba ngaba umfundisi onjalo ubhaliswe njengomfundisi kwiBhunga labaFundisi loMzaqntsi Afrika.
c imfuno yokulungisa ukungalingani kwangaphambili; kunye d nemfuno yomelo.
Xa kubekwa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lonyaka olucamngciweyo kwicandelo lama-24 the iqumrhu elilawulayo leziko loluntu kufuneka linike iinkcukacha ezaneleyo zaso nasiphi na isithuba esicingwayo ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana 2, kuqukwa neendleko eziqikelelwayo ezinxulumene nokuqeshwa kwesitafu kwizithuba ezinjalo kunye nendlela endululiweyo yokuba iindleko ezinjalo kuya kuhlangatyezwana nazo.
Ayilo xanduva lukaRhulumente nasiphi na isenzo okanye ukushiywa okwenziwe liziko loluntu ngemfanelo yekontraki kumqeshi ngokumayela nokuqeshwa kwesitafu ngokwemiqathango yecandelwana 2.
Emva kokucebisana njengoko kucamngciwe kwicandelo lesi-5 lomThetho weNkqubo yeMfundo yeSizwe, 1996 umThetho oyiNombolo yama-27 ka-1996, uMphathiswa unokumisela izithethe nemigangatho ngesaziso esikwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni ngokumayela nemali esetyenzisiweyo ekuqeshweni kwesitafu ekubhekiselwe kuso 2, kodwa izithethe kunye nemigangatho enjalo ayinakutolikwa ukuze yenze uRhulumente umqeshi odibeneyo wesitafu esinjalo.
Isiseko sobufundisi seziko loluntu simiselwa ngolwabiwo lwezithuba yiNtloko yeSebe ukusuka kwisiseko sesithuba sobufundisi sephondo esidalwe liLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngokwemiqathango yecandelo lesi- 5 lomThetho weNgqesho yabaFundisi, kwaye abafundisi abaqeshwe kwizithuba ezinjalo baqeshwe ngokwemiqathango yaloo mThetho.
a inkqubo yokungenisa amaqumrhu alawulayo asanda konyulwa ukwenza ukuba abe nako ukwenza imisebenzi yawo; kunye b ukuqhuba noqeqesho kumaqumrhu alawulayo ukuphakamisa ukusebenza okunamandla kwimisebenzi yawo okanye ukwenza ukuba abe nako ukwenza imisebenzi eyongezelelekileyo.
iNtloko yeSebe mayiqinisekise ukuba umphathi weziko kunye namanye amagosa esebe lemfundo anike lonke uncedo olufunekayo kumaqumrhu alawulayo ekwenzeni kwawo imisebenzi yawo ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho.
Ukuba ngaba iqumrhu elilawulayo liye layeka okanye lasilela ekwenzeni imisebenzi yalo, iNtloko yeSebe mayiliphelise iqumrhu elilawulayo kwaye iqeshe umntu omnye okanye ngaphezulu ukuba enze loo misebenzi ixesha elingadluliyo kwiinyanga ezintathu.
iNtloko yeSebe inokulandisa ixesha ekubhekiselwe kulo kwicandelwana 1, ixesha elingaphaya elingadluliyo kwiinyanga ezintathu ngexesha, kodwa ixesha lilonke malingadluli kunyaka omnye.
iNtloko yeSebe mayiqinisekise ukuba iqumrhu elilawulayo likhethwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho kunyaka emva kokuqeshwa komntu okanye abantu abacamngciweyo kwicandelwana 1.
Ilungu lequmrhu elilawulayo malirhoxe kwintlanganiso yequmrhu elilawulayo ngexesha leengxoxo kunye nokwenziwa kwesigqibo sawo nawuphi na umba ilungu elinomdla kuwo.
Iindleko ezifanelekileyo ezenziwe lilungu lequmrhu elilawulayo ekwenzeni imisebenzi yalo zinokubuyiswa liqumrhu elilawulayo.
Akukho lungu lequmrhu elilawulayo malirhunywe ngayo nayiphi na indlela ngokwenza imisebenzi yalo.
a seka iikomiti, kuqukwa nekomiti elawulayo; kwaye b linokuqesha abantu abangasingawo amalungu equmrhu elilawulayo kwiikomiti ezinjalo ngokobuchule, kodwa ilungu lequmrhu elilawulayo maliphathe ikomiti nganye.
Iqumrhu elilawulayo leziko loluntu elinika imfundo kubafundi abaneemfuno zemfundo ezikhethekileyo maliseke ikomiti yeemfuno zemfundo ezikhethekileyo.
Iziko loluntu malamkele abafundi kwaye bazalisekise iimfuno zabo zemfundo ngaphandle kokucalula okungafanelekanga ngayo nayiphi na indlela.
Isicelo sokwamkelwa kwiziko loluntu masenziwe siye kwiNtloko yeSebe ngendlela emiselwe yiyo.
Ukuba ngaba isicelo ekubhekiselwe kuso kwicandelwana lesi-2 siyaliwa, iNtloko yeSebe mayazise umfundi ngokubhalwe phantsi ngokwala okunjalo kunye nezizathu.
Nawuphi na umfundi owaliweyo ukuba amkelwe kwiziko loluntu unokubhena kwisigqibo seNtloko yeSebe aye kwiLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo.
iBhunga elimele abafundi kwiziko malisekwe kwiziko loluntu ngalinye.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo, ngesaziso esikwiPhepha lasebuRhulementeni, linokumisela imigaqo yokuseka, ukonyula kunye nemisebenzi yebhunga elimele abafundi.
Umfundi ngamnye kwiziko loluntu uxhomekeke kwikhowudi yokuziphatha enjalo, imiqathango yoluleko kunye neenkqubo njengoko zinokumiselwa liqumrhu elilawulayo ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yephondo.
Ikhowudi yokuziphatha mayiqulathe imimiselo yenkqubo elindelekileyo ekhusela umdla womfundi kwiinkqubo zoluleko.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo kwimali elungiselelwe lenjongo luwiso-mthetho lwephondo kufuneka lixhase imfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho ngendlela engafihlwanga, elinganayo nefanelekileyo.
a nawuphi na umqathango ofanelekileyo mayela nokwabiwa kwemali okucamngciweyo kwicandelwana 1; kunye b nemiqathango eyahlukeneyo ngokuphathelene namaziko awohlukeneyo, iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho, ukuba kukho isiseko esifanelekileyo soko kohlula.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo kufuneka ngonyaka, linike ulwazi olwaneleyo kumaziko oluntu ngokuphathelene nokuxhaswa ekubhekliselwe kuko kwicandelwana 1 ukwenzela ukuba amaziko oluntu akwazi ukulungisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwawo.
uMphathiswa, ngokwemiqathango yomThetho weNkqubo yeMfundo, 1996 (umThetho oyiNombolo yama-27 ka-1996), makamisele izithethe kunye nemigangatho yokuxhaswa kwamaziko oluntu, emva kokucebisana nebhunga labaPhathiswa beMfundo, uMphathiswa wezeMali kunye ne-NABABET.
d imali ehlawulwa ngabafundi yemfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho enikwa liziko; kunye e nenye imali evela komnye umthobo.
c kufuneka kuwo nawuphi na unyaka mali, lingenise iingxelo ezilungisiweyo ngengqikelelo yalo yengeniso kunye nenkcitho kwiLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo kufumaneke imvume yalo enikwe ngemvumelwano yeLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo kwiziMali kwelo phondo; kwaye d malingenzi nayi phina inkcitho edlula ixabiso elipheleleyo elivunyiweyo ngokwemiqathango yemihlathi b kunye no- c.
Ukuba ngaba iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo aliyamkeli ingxelo yequmrhu elilawulayo ngengeniso kunye nenkcitho yalo eqikelelwayo, iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo malifune ukuba iqumrhu elilawulayo linike ingxelo ephinde yenziwa kwixesha elichaziweyo.
b iingxelo zengeniso nenkcitho eziphicothwe ngexesha; kunye c nengxelo yokuba yimalini engenileyo iyimalini ephumileyo kunye nokungena kwemali njengengeniso kunye nokuphuma kwemali isiya kwimivuzo.
Iqumrhu elilawulayo leziko loluntu malinike iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ulwazi olongezelelekileyo njengoko lunokufunwa liLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo.
Iqumrhu elilawulayo leziko loluntu kufuneka liqeshe umntu obhaliswe njengomcwangcisi zimali kunye nomphicothi-zincwadi ngokwemiqathango yomThetho wabaCwangcisi-Zimali kunye nabaPhicothi ziNcwadi boluntu, 1991 umThetho oyiNombolo yama-80 ka-1991, ukuphicotha iirekhodi kunye neengxelo zemali ekubhekiselwe kuzo kwicandelwana 1.
a ofanelekileyo ukuba enze imisebenzi yegosa elicwangcisa imali ngokwemiqathango yecandelo lama- 60 lomThetho we-Close Corporations, 1984 umThetho oyiNombolo yama-69 ka-1984; okanye b owamkelelwe le njongo liLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo.
Akukho mntu onomdla wemali kwimicimbi yeziko loluntu omakaqeshwe phantsi kweli candelo.
Ukuba iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo licingela ukuba kufanelekile, linokucela uMphicothi-Zincwadi Jikelele ukuba aphicothe iirekhodi kunye neengxelo zemali zeziko loluntu.
Ukuba ngaba iqumrhu elilawulayo leziko aliphumeleli ukungqinelana nawo nawuphi na ummiselo okulo mThetho phantsi kokuba ulwabiwo oluvela kwimali efanelekilyo evela kuwiso-mthetho lwephondo ihlawulwe kwiziko loluntu, okanye nayo nayiphi na imeko exhomekeke apho naluphina ulwabiwo luhlawulwa kwiziko loluntu, iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo linokuyalela iqumrhu elilawulayo ukuba lingqinelane nommiselo okanye imeko kwixesha elibekiweyo.
Ukuba ngaba iqumrhu elilawulayo emva koko aliphumeleli ukungqinelana nommiselo okanye imeko ngexesha, iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo linokubamba intlawulo yayo nayiphi na inxenye yolwabiwo olwenziwo luwiso-mthetho lwephondo ngokumayela neziko loluntu elichaphazelekayo.
b ukunika iqumrhu elilawulayo elinjalo ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuwuthi thaca umcimbi walo; kunye c nokuthathela ingqalelo umcimbi onjalo.
Ukuba iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo lithatha amanyathelo phantsi kwecandelwana 2, ingxelo ephathelene namanyathelo mayihlahlelwe kuwiso-mthetho lwephondo liLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo okanye ngokukhawuleza okufanelekileyo emva kokuthathwa kwamanyathelo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwicandelo lama-27, nawuphi na umntu, ngeendleko zakhe, unokuseka kwaye agcine iziko labucala.
Akukho mntu makaseke okanye agcine iziko labucala ngaphandle kokuba libhalisiwe yiNtloko yeSebe.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo, ngesaziso kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni kufuneka limisele imiba apho ubhaliso lweziko labucala lunokuvunywa okanye lurhoxiswe yiNtloko yeSebe.
b inkqubo yokwamkela kumaziko abucala ayikhethi ngokobuhlanga; kwaye c iziko labucala lingqinelana nobhaliso olucamngciweyo kwicandelwana 2.
b umnini weziko labucala elinjalo unikwe ithuba lokuwuthi thaca ngokubhaliweyo umcimbi wakhe kwiNtloko yeSebe exela ukuba kutheni malingarhoxiswa iziko; kwaye c nawuphi na umcimbi onjalo ofunyenweyo uthathelwe ingqalelo ngethuba.
Umnini weziko labucala unokubhenela kwiLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngokuchasene nokurhoxiswa kobhaliso lweziko labucala elinjalo.
uMphathsiwa, ngesaziso esikwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni, unokumisela izithethe kunye nemigangatho okanye iimeko ngokunikwa kwenkxaso yemali kumaziko abucala emva kokucebisana neBhunga labaPhathiswa beMfundo kunye neKomishoni yeziMali kunye neyeMali kaRhulumente kunye nangemvumelwano kunye noMphathiswa wezeMali.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo, kwimali enikwe luwiso-mthetho lwephondo ngalo njongo, linokunika inkxaso yemali kwiziko labucala ngokuxhomekeke kwicandelwana 1.
Ukuba iimeko ezicamngciweyo kwicandelwana 1 inkxaso yemali enikwe phantsi kwazo akungqinelwana nazo, iNtloko yeSebe inokuyiphelisa okanye iyinciphise inkxaso yemali ngomhla omiselwe yiyo.
a umnini weziko labucala elinjalo usinikiwe isaziso esingenjongo yokuphelisa okanye kwehliswe imali yenkxaso kunye nezizathu ngaphaya koko; kwaye b nawuphi na umcimbi othiwe thaca uthathelwe ingqalelo kwangethuba.
umnini weziko labucala unokubhenela kwiLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngokuchasene nokupheliswa okanye ukwehliswa kwemali yenkxaso kwiziko elinjalo.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo, livumelene neLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo imali ephantsi kwalo kwelo phondo, linokungena kwisivumelwano nomnini weziko labucala ngemiqathango enje ngokuba iziko elinjalo libhengezwe njengeziko loluntu.
iSaziso sotshintsho esicamngciweyo kwicandelwana 1 kufuneka sipapashwe kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni lePhondo.
c indlela yokukhetha ukufaneleka, iimeko kunye nendlela yokuhlawula nayiphi na inkxaso yemali kwiziko elinjalo; kunye d nawo nawuphina omnye umcimbi onxulumene neziko elinjalo ekufuneka okanye onokumiselwa ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho.
Iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zinokwenziwa phantsi kwecandelwana 1 mayela namaziko awohlukeneyo.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo maliwavumele amaqela achaphazelekayo ixesha elifanelekileyo lokufaka amanqakwana kuyo nakweyiphi na imfuno eliceba ukuyimisela phantsi 1.
Uqinisekiso lobulunga kunye nonyuselo kwimfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho mayiqhutywe njengoko kucamngciwe kumThetho wokuQinisekiswa kobuLunga beMfundo eNgaphaya kunye neyaJikelele noQeqesho, 2001 (umThetho oyinombolo yama-58 ka-2001).
I-NABABET mayicebise uMphathiswa ngokunyuswa kobulunga kunye noqinisekiso.
a umcimbi ungxamisekile; okanye b I-NABABET iyasilela ekunikeni icebiso kwiintsuku ezili-14 emva kokuba isicelo esinjalo senziwe.
a yi-NABABET ngokuphathelene nelizwe xa lilonke; kunye b neLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngokuphathelene nelo phondo libandakanyekayo.
Iziko malenze ukuba ulwazi lufumaneke ukuze luhlolwe nguye nawuphi na umntu, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ulwazi olunjalo lufunelwa ukusebenza kunye nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo omntu onjalo.
Iziko ngalinye malinike ulwazi olunjalo ngeziko njengoko lunokufunwa yiNtloko yeSebe, okanye nguMlawuli Jikelele ngendibano neNtloko yeSebe.
iNtloko yeSebe, uMlawuli Jikelele kunye naliphi na iziko elinika imfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho kufuneka linike ulwazi olunjalo malunga neziko okanye ubulunga bemfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho njengoko kunokufunwa yi-NABABET.
c iqumrhu elilawulayo leziko loluntu alikwazanga ukusombulula iimeko ezinjalo ezicamngcwe kumhlathi b; okanye d ingqesho isemdleni wemfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho kuluntu oluvulelekileyo olunedemokhrasi.
b axele ngembalelwano kwiLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngezinto ebekuphandwa ngazo ezifumanekileyo kuphando lwakhe; kwaye c acebise ngemiqathango efanelekileyo yokusombulula umcimbi.
iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngokukhawuleza malinike ikopi yengxelo ekubhekiselwe kuyo kwicandelwana 2 kwiqumrhu elilawulayo elichaphazelekayo.
Iqumrhu elilawulayo leziko loluntu, ngemvume yeLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo kunye nangesaziso esikhutshwe kwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni linokulitshintsha igama leziko loluntu.
b othwesa isiqinisekiso ngokungathi sithweswa liziko, okanye ngokuhlanganyelana; okanye c owenza ngathi wenza isenzo egameni leziko, unetyala kwaye ufanele ukuba atshutshiselwe nasiphi na isigwebo esinokunikelwa ubuqhetseba.
Nawuphi na umntu owenza ngathi isiqinisekiso usinikwe liziko nangona ngenyani kungekho siqinisekiso sinjalo asinikiweyo, unetyala kwaye kufanele ukuba atshutshiselwe nasiphi na isigwebo esinokunikelwa ubuqhetseba.
Nawuphi na umntu owaphula icandelo lama-27 1, unetyala kwaye kufanele ukuba agwetywe isohlwayo okanye avalelwe kodwa oko kungodluli iminyaka emihlanu okanye zombini isohlwayo kunye nokuvalelwa.
AyingoRhulumente okanye i-NABABET okanye nawuphina umntu oqeshwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho oya kuba noxanduva lwako nakuphina ukulahleka okanye umonakalo owenzeke kuye nawuphi na umntu ngesiphumo saso nasiphi na isenzo esenziwe okanye esingenziwanga ngesihle ngexesha lokwenziwa kwayo nayiphi na imisebenzi umntu aqeshelwe yona ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho.
b Nawuphi na umsebenzi weSebe; okanye c Nasiphi na isixhobo sikaRhulumente.
a umsebenzi kwisebe lephondo eyiyimfanelo yakhe imfundo noqeqesho; okanye b isixhobo sikarhulumente.
umLawuli Jikelele, kwiimeko ezinjalo unokumisela, anikele ngokusetyenziswa kwawo nawaphi na amagunya akhe aphantsi kwalo mThetho kunye nokwenziwa kwayo nayiphi na imisebenzi yakhe ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho kuye nakuwuphi na umsebenzi kwiSebe.
iNtloko yeSebe kwiimeko ezinjalo inokumisela, inikele ngokusetyenziswa kwawo nawaphi na amagunya ayo aphantsi kwalo mThetho kunye nokwenziwa kwayo nayiphi na imisebenzi yayo ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho kunye nakuwuphi na umsebenzi kwisebe lemfundo lephondo.
Ukunikela ngokwemiqathango yalo mthetho ayithinteli uMphathiswa, iLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo, uMlawuli Jikelele okanye iNtloko yeSebe, njengoko kunokubanjalo, ukuba isebenzise amagunya anjalo okanye ukuba yenze imisebenzi enjalo.
a umcimbi uMphathiswa kunye neLungu leBhunga elilawulayo abazisiweyo ngawo okanye ekufuneka umiselwe yimimiselo ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho; kwaye b umcimbi ophathelene nemimiselo efunekayo okanye encedayo ukuze kuphunyezwe injongo yalo mThetho.
Naliphina iziko lemfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho eliye lakhona msinyane nje phambi kokuqala kwalo mThetho malithathwe njengelisekwe ngokwemiqathango yalo mThetho.
Nasiphi na isakhiwo ebesikhona kwiziko loluntu phambi kokuqala kwalo mThetho siyakuqhuba sikhona de endaweni yaso kubekhona isakhiwo esicamngcwe kulo mThetho.
Ukukhutshwa ngaphandle kwamaziko abucala akhoyo iCandelo 38 alisebenzi kumntu owayenika imfundo esisiseko yabadala noqeqesho kwiziko labucala msinyane nje phambi komhla wokuqala kwalo mThetho de ibe ngumhla omiselwe liLungu leBhunga eliLawulayo ngesaziso esikwiPhepha lasebuRhulumenteni.
Lo mThetho ngumThetho weMfundo esisiSeko yabaDala noQeqesho, 2000.
umThetho oyiNombolo yama-.
<fn>xhosa (1).txt</fn>
IMbasa yeSizwe yiwona mqondiso obonakalayo nobalulekileyo wesizwe.
IMbasa yeSizwe yinxaleye engu ndoqo yesiMiso eSiKhulu esaziwa njengoMfuziselo omkhulu weSizwe. Igunya elipheleleyo linikwa wonke amaxwebhu onophawu lesiMiso esiKhulu, njengoko oku kuthetha ukuba avunyiwe nguMongameli weLizwe laseMzantsi Afrika.
IMbasa yeSizwe yaseMzantsi Afrika yandululwa ngosuku lweNkululeko 27 April 2000. Le nguqu ibonisa injongo yorhulumente yokukhankanyisa inguqu yedemokhrasi eMzantsi Afrika kunye nomoya omtsha wokuthand'isizwe.
IMbasa yeSizwe luluhlu lwezinto eziqokelelwe kwizangqa zesimo seqanda ezigqamileyo nezicukanisiweyo.
Into yokuqala sisaci, esingaphakathi kwisangqa esingaphelelanga. Amabamba ahamba ngambini endlovu agqibezela isangqa abekwe ngendlela emisiweyo akhombe phezulu. Ngaphakathi kwalomhoxo owenziwe zezizibini zamabamba endlovu ngamagatyana engqolowa amabini ebhekiswe phezulu aphinde enza uphahla lekhaka legolide elibekwe embindini.
Imilo yekhaka ibhekiselele kwigubu linemifanekiso emibini yabantu ethatyathwe kwimizobo yobugcisa yabaThwa lemifanekiso iboniswa ibhekene ibulisana futhi imanyene.
Ngaphezulu kwekhaka ngumkhonto nesagweba ezibekwe zaphambana. Zonke ezi zinto zicwangciswe kakuhle ukuze zinike ingqalelo ekhakeni zibe sezigqibezela imilo esezantsi yesiseko.
Ngaphezulu kwemilo embhoxo yesiseko, ngumbindi obonakalayo weMbasa yeSizwe, isiqwene. Amagqabi esiqwene abekwe ngokomfuziselo wemilo embhoxo ethathelwe kubugcisa bakudala baseAfrika.
Ingxangxosi ibekwe ngaphezu kwesiqwene lentyatyambo yenza isifuba salentaka. Ingxangxosi ime iwaphakamisele phezulu amaphiko wayo ngendlela ebonisa ubunganga nodushe.
Ilanga eliphakamayo ngaphezu kolundi libekwe phakathi kwamaphiko engxangxosi igqibezela le milo eyonyukayo embhoxo.
Indibaniso yemilo embhoxo ephezulu nesezantsi ziyanqumlana zenze uludwe olupheleleyo nolungaphukanga, nokungqinelana kwezakhi ezingundoqo kwenza uyilo olunomahluko olugqibeleleyo, olumangalisayo nolunomfaneleko. Kodwa igcina uzinzo isidima nokwenza okukhawulezayo okufunekayo kumfuziselo wesizwe.
Isaci - !ke e:/xarra //ke, esibhalwe ngolwimi lwesiKhoisan lwabantu abangama /Xam, esithetha nqo oku: abantu abohlukeneyo bayamanyana. Sijongana neenzame zomntu ngamnye zokuvelisa umanyano phakathi kweengcinga namanyathelo. Ngokwenyathelo eliqokelelayo, esi saci sihlaba ikhwelo esizweni ukuba sibumbane ngokomoya ofanayo wobunye nebhongo lesizwe - Umanyano kwiYantlukwanoy.
Kwisangqa sesimo seqanda esakhiwe ngamabamba, zibonisa ukuchuma, ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lwamandla agciniweyo, ukondliwa kwabantu kunye nemiba yezolimo yomhlaba.
Abonakalisa ubulumko, ukomelela namandla, ukongamela nokuphola kunye nokungapheli.
Ubume bekhaka legolide lifana nomgqomo. Linemisebenzi emibini: ukuveza ukuzazisa kunye nokhuseleko lwasemoyeni.
Iimbonakaliso ezimbini zokhuselo negunya, zikwabonisa imilenze enamandla yale ntaka. Umkhonto nentonga zilele phantsi, nto leyo ebonisa uxolo.
Umfuziselo wobuhle belizwe lethu kunye nokugqama kwamandla ethu njengesizwe esisingise kwiMvuselelo ye-Afrika (African Renaissance) -sibonisa ukuhlangana okuqokelelekileyo kwezinto ezikhula emhlabeni, ezondliwa ngumhlaba zikhule.
Eboniswe ibhabha, isiphumo sendalo sokukhula nesantya. Intaka enamandla - kwaye imilenze yayo - eboniswe njengomkhonto nentonga - iyisebenzela kakuhle xa izingela iinyoka, nto leyo ebonisa ukhuselo lwesizwe kwiintshaba zaso. Sisithunywa samazulu kwaye sithoba ufefe lwaso emhlabeni, ngokwale ndlela ke sibonisa ubungangamsha obugqibeleleyo bobungcwalisa. Amaphiko ayo aphakanyisiweyo ngumfuziselo wokunyukela phezulu kwesizwe sethu, ngelilixa ke ngaxeshanye isinika ukhuseleko lwayo. Imibala ebalaseleyo neyaziwayo yase Afrika enikwe isiqwene - ngoluhlaza, obomvu nomnyama.
Umfuziselo wokukhanya nobuqaqawuli. Libonakalisa isithembiso sokuzalwa ngokutsha, ubume obunentshukumo bokubonisa, ulwazi, ukwenza isigqibo ngokufanelekileyo kunye namandla okuzimisela. Yimbonakaliso yomthombo wentlalo yokukhanya kunye nokuphelela koBuntu.
Isakhiwo esipheleleyo seMbasa yeSizwe sidibanisa izangqa zesimo seqanda ezingezantsi neziphezulu kwimbonakaliso yokungapheli. Indlela edibanisa ungqameko olungezantsi kwisiqingqo, ukutyhutyha ngemigca yamabamba, ngomqukumbelo apho kuphuma ilanga ngentla, yakha ubume beqanda lendalo apho kuphuma khona intaka. Ngendlela yembonakaliso, oku kubonisa ukuzalwa ngokutsha komoya wesizwe sethu esikhulu nesibukhali.
Ukwenza izinto ngokubonisa ukuxabiseka kwemali yerhafu: ukuze iikhastoma ziqonde ukuba irhafu yazo isetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo nangobunono.
I-Batho Pele, ingokususwa kwendlela emisiweyo eyinkcitho neduru engayilelwanga ukubeka imfuno zabantu kuqala. Yenzelwe nokuqinisekisa ukuba ucwangciso lwemali yeNkonzo zoLuntu ihambisana nemfuno zoluntu nezinto zabo ezibalulekile.
Izinto ezininzi abantu abathanda ukuzibona ziphuculwa azibizi mali, njengoncumo, ukuphatha abantu ngentlonipho, ukunyaniseka xa unika abantu ulwazi futhi ucele uxolo xa izinto zingahambi ngendlela efunekayo. Ezi zinto azifuni ukwandiswa kwemithombo zizinto ezifuna kwamkelwe amazinga ahlukileyo okuziphatha.
Ukuphuculwa kokunikezelwa kwenkonzo kumalunga nokulungisa senze ngokutsha yonke into esiyenza kwimithetho yoncedo lwabathengi. Ukuphunyezwa kwe Batho Pele asingomsebenzi welo xeshana kuphela. Iyinkqubo engummangaliso eqhubekela phambili, esezakuqhubeka iiminyaka, iqokelela amandla okuzimela ngalo lonke ixesha.
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Imbali yaseMzantsi Afrika yeenkonzo zosasazo ibonakalisa iintanda noqhekeko entlalweni, ndawonye nakulwabiwo lwamandla. Umceli-mngeni wenguqu yedemokhrasi uchaphazela wonke amacandelo entlalo, kubandakanywa amaziko kunye neenkqubo zeenkonzo zosasazo.
Urhulumente uzimisele ekusekeni i-arhente yokuphakamisa ukufikelela kwabo bangahoyekanga kwiinkonzo zosasazo kunye nokuphakamisa ukuphangalala kweenkonzo zosasazo. Oku kulandela isigqibo seKhabhinethi esisekelwe kwiziphakamiso ze-Comtask ngo 1996. Oku kuhambisana noMgaqo-siseko, uMqulu waMalungelo, kunye neNkqubo yoKwakha Ngokutsha noPhuhliso, yaye kukwakhuthazwa siSicwangciso seLizwe sokuThabatha aManyathelo okuPhakamisa nokuKhusela aMalungelo oLuntu, esigxininisa inkululeko yokuvakaliso izimvo kunye nokuphangalala kweenkonzo zosasazo, kunye nemfuneko yeendlela zokuqinisekisa ukuba oku kuyafezekiswa. Oku kulandela iinzame ezaphanzayo zasekuhlaleni zokuseka elo qumrhu kwiminyaka yokuqala yango 1990.
Inkuthazo yokuseka i-Arhente yoPhuhliso nokuPhangalala kweeNkonzo zoSasazo, i-Media Development and Diversity Agency (MDDA), ilele kwimfuneko yequmrhu leengcaphephe zeenkonzo zosasazo kunye noosaziwayo, eliyakuvelisa ubungcali kuphuhliso nokuphangalala kweenkonzo zosasazo, kwaye liqinisekise ukufezekiswa kwazo, ngokunika inkxaso-mali, ukuphembelela inkqubela kunye nophando. Eli qumrhu liyakusebenza ngokweyona mimiselo iphambili yolawulo lobumbano kwaye libenemimiselo yokuthunywa kunye nezinto ezifunekayo. Liyakusebenza qelele kurhulumente, kwishishini leenkonzo zosasazo kunye nabanye abaxhasi.
Njengoko ilizwe likekelela ngamandla kwintlalo yenkcazelo nolwazi, kungundoqo ukuba bonke abemi babenako ukufikelela kuluhlu oluphangeleleyo lwenkcazelo nezimvo ukuze bathabathe inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwilizwe eliya lihlangana ngamandla kumanqanaba endawo, awelizwe nawehlabathi. Ukufikelela kwinkcazelo kungundoqo kwinkqubo karhulumente yokwakha ngokutsha nophuhliso.
Uphuhliso lweenkonzo zosasazo lubandakanya ukuphakamisa imo evumayo yokunceda ekulungiseni ukungabandakanywa kunye nokungahoywa ekufikeleleni kwiinkonzo zosasazo - njengabanikazi, abaphathi kunye nabavelisi beenkonzo zosasazo. Ukuphangalala kweenkonzo zosasazo kukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amacandelo kunye nabo babandakanyekayo banako ukufikelela kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zezimvo kunye namaziko enkcazelo abonisa intlalo yethu ngokupheleleyo.
Ukufezekiswa kokuphangalala kukwaphenjelelwa kukufumaneka kweendlela zokusasaza kwiinkonzo ngeenkonzo eziphangaleleyo zosasazo, ezincinane nezinkulu.
Nangona nje kukuninzi esele kwenziwe ukusukela ngoko kwavela idemokhrasi ukuze kujongwane neengxaki zophuhliso nokuphangalala kweenkonzo zosasazo, kucacile ukuba oku khange kwanele. Ukushinyana kobuxhakaxhaka beenkonzo zosasazo ngokomlinganiselo, kusephantsi. Ubunikazi beenkonzo zosasazo busahlanganiswe ndawonye kwaye abuzifezekisi iimfuno zabo bebonke abo babandakanyekayo. Ukumelwa kwabantu bebonke akwanelanga kumanqanaba okuphatha, okuhlela nakwisitafu ngokubanzi.
Amava aseMzantsi Afrika abonisile ukuba imifutho yemarike, amathuba eelayisensi zokusasaza kunye neenguqu kubunikazi, nangona nje le miba ibalulekile, ayinako yona ngokwayo ukufezekisa le nguqu ngokupheleleyo. Amanyathelo afana ne-MDDA ayimfuneko ukuze kuqhutyelwe phambili ngale nkqubo.
Amava ehlabathi abonisa ukuba amaqumrhu enkxaso okuphakamisa uphuhliso kunye nokuphangalala kweenkonzo zosasazo asiyonto entsha. Ake asetyenziswa phaya eYurophu ukusukela ngeminyaka ka 1950 ngokusekelwe kuluvo lokuba imifutho yemarike yona ngokwayo ayinako ukufezekisa ukuphangalala okwaneleyo. Ngokwenyani, ubungqina bobokuba, imarike yona ngokwayo idla ngokukekelela kuqokelelwano olungamandla, nto leyo engathintela inkululeko yokuvakalisa izimvo kunye nezimvo eziphangaleleyo.
Iinzame zokuqala zokuseka iqumrhu lenkxaso lokuzithandela, i-Independent Media Diversity Trust, laphanza ngenxa yokungabikho kwenkxaso-mali. Oku kuqinise izimvo zokuba, ngamanyathelo amiliselwe ngokuqinileyo kwintsebenziswano yorhulumente neenkonzo zosasazo , kwaye aqhotyoshwe ligunya lomthetho, ayakuba negalelo elizinzisekayo.
I-MDDA iyakuba neBhodi yabantu abalithoba abakhethwe yiPalamente ngokwenkqubo yasesidlangalaleni, baze ke batyunjwe nguMongameli. Abachongwa bakarhulumente, abeenkonzo zosasazo ezishicilelayo, iinkonzo ezisasazayo kunye neenkonzo zosasazo zabahlali, bayakubekelwa iindawo kwiBhodi, ngelilixa abahlanu bayakutyunjwa luluntu.
Ibhodi iyakubeka iGosa leSigqeba eliyiNtloko (CEO), lona eliyakuthi, ngokubonisana neBhodi, lityumbe isitafu esimbalwa esinezakhono eziphezulu kwaye esinezinto ezaneleyo zokusebenza.
Ngaphezulu kwendima yayo esisiseko yokuxhasa iinkonzo zosasazo, i-MDDA iyakuthumela ukwenziwa kophando kwaye yenze iziphakamiso kurhulumente, ishishini losasazo kunye namanye amaqumrhu afanelekileyo. I-MDDA iyakunxulumana nawo wonke amaqumrhu abandakanyeka nkqo nangabandakanyeki nkqo kuphuhliso nokuphangalala kweenkonzo zosasazo. I-MDDA iyakubamba intlanganiso yabo bonke ababandakanyekayo, qho ngonyaka, apho ke loo maqumrhu ayakuphonononga ingxelo yonyaka ye-MDDA.
Abona bazuzi baphambili benkxaso eya nkqo nengayi nkqo, iyakuba ziinkonzo zosasazo zabahlali, ndawonye neenkonzo ezincinane zorhwebo, ezibandakanya oonomathotholo, ithelevijini kunye neenkonzo zosasazo zoshicilelo nezintsha. Kuyakugxininiswa ngokukodwa kwiiprowujekthi ezizisa abahlali namacandelo adlelwa indlala - ngakumbi amakhosikazi, abantu basezilalini, abakhubazekileyo, abantu abangakwaziyo ukubhala nokufunda, abasebenzi kunye nabantu abangamahlwempu - kwicandelo lenkcazelo nonxibelelwano.
Uhlobo lwenkxaso iyakuba lolwemali, nolungelo lwemali, kwaye luyakubandakanya uncediso oluya nkqo nolungayi nkqo lwesabhsidi; inkxaso-mali yongxamiseko, uphuhliso lwamandla okwenza izinto; uqeqesho; ukuvavanya iprowujekthi kunye nophando kwiinkonzo zosasazo. Kwakhona iyakwenza iziphakamiso zokuxhasa iinkonzo zosasazo ezifuna imali-mboleko, ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo zayo zokuvavanya.
Ummiselo oyakukhokela i-MDDA ekwenzeni izigqibo zenkxaso-mali kunye neziphakamiso zemali-mboleko iyakuba ligalelo elenziwa ziiprowujekthi kuphuhliso nokuphangalala kweenkonzo zosasazo. Iyakuzama ukuphakamisa ukuzinziseka kunye nokunika inkxaso-mali kwiiprowujekthi ezineenkqubo zolawulo ezifanelekileyo. Ezinye izinto eziyakuqwalaselwa zibandakanya ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwabahlali kunye nezicwangciso zolingano.
I-MDDA idinga imali eyaneleyo ukuze ifezekise iindleko zokunxulumana, ezoqeqesho, iindleko zezinto kunye nezokusebenza, ndawonye nophando lokufaneleka kunye nokuvavanywa kweprowujekthi. Kwakhona, iyakuthumela ukwenziwa kophando kuphuhliso nokuphangalala kweenkonzo zosasazo. Iimfuno zayo zokusebenza, kubandakanywa ukuvavanywa kokusebenza kweeprowujethi, kufanele zingagqithi kwi 12% yeendleko zizonke.
